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Warming causes more moisture in the air which leads to more extreme precipitation events.
The effects of global warming include rising sea levels, regional changes in precipitation, more frequent extreme weather events such as heat waves, and expansion of deserts.
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In the early 20th century, state and federal governments began aggressively fighting wildfires and trying to keep them as small as possible.
Nonetheless, large-scale conflicts continued throughout the West into the 1900s.
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the concentration of carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere has climbed to a level last seen more than 3 million years ago — before humans even appeared on the rocky ball we call home.
The current concentration may be the highest in the last 20 million years.
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“The arc of global warming will be variously steep and less steep,’ said Richard Seager, a climate scientist at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University.
Sean Carl Solomon (born October 24,1945) is the director of the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, where he is also the William B. Ransford Professor of Earth and Planetary Science.
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The planet’s average ground temperature has risen by around 1.62F (0.9C)
At the pressure level of 10 bars (1 MPa), the temperature is around 340 K (67 °C; 152 °F).
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Since rock weathering reduces atmospheric CO2, this again reinforces the scientific fact that CO2 is a strong driver of climate.
It is a major aspect of climate change and has been demonstrated by direct temperature measurements and by measurements of various effects of the warming.
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If those emissions continue unchecked and the world is allowed to heat up enough, scientists have no doubt that large parts of Antarctica will melt into the sea.
As a result, the continental mass of the East Antarctic ice sheet is held at lower temperatures, and the peripheral areas of Antarctica, especially the Antarctic Peninsula, are subject to higher temperatures, which promote accelerated melting.
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While such a storm does not happen in New England anymore, it happened again there in 1675, with elderly eyewitnesses comparing it to the 1635 storm.
The 1938 New England Hurricane (also referred to as the Great New England Hurricane, Long Island Express, and Yankee Clipper) was one of the deadliest and most destructive tropical cyclones to strike Long Island, New York, and New England.
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An additional kick was supplied by an El Niño weather pattern that peaked in 2016 and temporarily warmed much of the surface of the planet, causing the hottest year in a historical record dating to 1880.
The event temporarily warmed air temperature by 1.5 °C, compared to the usual increase of 0.25 °C associated with El Niño events.
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[…] Killing 30 million bats every year in response to dubious claims that global warming might once in a great while kill 100,000 bats makes no sense.”
In addition, climatic changes are estimated to cause over 150,000 deaths annually.
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Clouds provide negative feedback.
Broadly speaking, if clouds, especially low clouds, increase in a warmer climate, the resultant cooling effect leads to a negative feedback in climate response to increased greenhouse gases.
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When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend
They concluded that although the 20th century was almost certainly the warmest of the millennium, the amount of anthropogenic warming remains uncertain."
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Currently, Florida is one of only five states in the nation that prohibit citizens from buying electricity from companies that will put solar panels on your home or business.
The administration enacted 30% tariffs on imported solar panels.
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current climate predictions may underestimate long-term warming by as much as a factor of two
Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) in a moderate scenario, or as much as 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) in an extreme scenario, depending on the rate of future greenhouse gas emissions and on climate feedback effects.
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So it’s been a surprise to climate scientists that 2017 has been so remarkably warm — because the last El Niño ended a year ago.
The 2014–16 El Niño was a warming of the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean that resulted in unusually warm waters developing between the coast of South America and the International Date Line.
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as time progresses and fossil fuel emissions increase, the number of record highs should increase and record lows should decrease.
These levels are much higher than at any time during the last 800,000 years, the period for which reliable data have been collected from ice cores.
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When CO2 emissions are compared directly to CO2 levels, there is a strong correlation in the long term trends.
The sharp acceleration in CO 2 emissions since 2000 to more than a 3% increase per year (more than 2 ppm per year) from 1.1% per year during the 1990s is attributable to the lapse of formerly declining trends in carbon intensity of both developing and developed nations.
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HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons) are tens of thousands of times more polluting than carbon dioxide.
Industrial pollutants such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs) have a GWP many thousands of times greater than carbon dioxide by volume.
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Sea-level rise does not seem to depend on ocean temperature, and certainly not on CO2.
Thus, a small change in the mean temperature of the ocean represents a very large change in the total heat content of the climate system.
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Extreme melting and changes to the climate like this has released pressure on to the continent, allowing the ground to rise up.
The gravitational effects comes into play when a large ice sheet melts.
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California wildfires are being magnified & made so much worse by the bad environmental laws which aren’t allowing massive amounts of readily available water to be properly utilized. It is being diverted into the Pacific Ocean.
Californias wildfires are the result of hot, dry weather that has left the landscape dry and vulnerable to ignition. Wildlands are not irrigated, so water supply policy has no relation to wildfires. Climate trends have contributed to make fires more likely and more extreme in California, as have past fire-fighting practices. The continued development of land for homes and cities has also placed more buildings in areas of risk.You can see a deeper discussion ofclimate changes role in recent California fires here.
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‘Heatwaves are far more intense than when my parents were growing up in the 1950s.
The World Meteorological Organization, defines a heat wave as 5 or more consecutive days of prolonged heat in which the daily maximum temperature is higher than the average maximum temperature by 5 °C (9 °F) or more.
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The authors seem to have jumped right into statistical analysis without proposing a physical mechanism that works.
One key point was that they realized that the quickest way to reach a result was not to continue a mathematical analysis, but to build a physical model.
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It fails to explain how we can have short-term positive feedback and long-term negative feedback.
There are many positive and negative feedbacks to global temperatures and the carbon cycle that have been identified.
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Let’s find out by comparing the actual temperatures since 1979 with what the 32 families of climate models used in the latest U.N. report on climate science predicted they would be.
Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) in a moderate scenario, or as much as 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) in an extreme scenario, depending on the rate of future greenhouse gas emissions and on climate feedback effects.
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I would not agree that carbon dioxide is a primary contributor to the global warming that we see.
On March 9, 2017, in an interview on CNBC's Squawk Box, Pruitt stated that he "would not agree that" carbon dioxide is "a primary contributor to the global warming that we see" backing up his claim by stating that "measuring with precision human activity on the climate is something very challenging to do and there's tremendous disagreement about the degree of impact."
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The interesting point is that it also seems each time they come across a new dataset it is simply replaced.
This would mean that when a new hypothesis needs to be tested, the available data will already be there in a validated and accessible form, and there will be no need create a new dataset and then have to validate it.
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Just 1.25 per cent of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere-ocean system has been released by ­humans in the past 250 years.
The oceans act as an enormous carbon sink, and have taken up about a third of CO 2 emitted by human activity.
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In the last 35 years of global warming, sun and climate have been going in opposite directions.
Currently, surface temperatures are rising by about 0.2 °C per decade.
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Also found was that the correlation between solar activity and global temperatures ended around 1975, hence recent warming must have some other cause than solar variations.
In 1991, Friis-Christensen and Lassen claimed a strong correlation of the length of the solar cycle with northern hemispheric temperature changes.
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"A July 6, 2007 study published in the journal Science about Greenland by an international team of scientists found DNA “evidence that suggests the frozen shield covering the immense island survived the Earth’s last period of global warming,” according to a Boston Globe Article.  ...
Life may have survived 'snowball Earth' in ocean pockets BBC News online (2010-12-14) report on research presented in the journal Geology by Dr Dan Le Heron (et al.)
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While France and other G7 countries lamented the U.S. exit from the Paris climate accord, America’s air is already cleaner than that of any other country in the G7, except Canada with its scant population.
The most densely populated part of the country, accounting for nearly 50 percent, is the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor in Southern Quebec and Southern Ontario along the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence River.
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For instance, wind turbines kill birds and insects, and palm-oil plantations destroy the biodiversity of the rainforests
Thousands of birds, including rare species, have been killed by the blades of wind turbines, though wind turbines contribute relatively insignificantly to anthropogenic avian mortality.
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This small warming is likely a result of the natural alterations in global ocean currents which are driven by ocean salinity variations.
In the deep ocean, the predominant driving force is differences in density, caused by salinity and temperature variations (increasing salinity and lowering the temperature of a fluid both increase its density).
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When the heat buildup in the ocean is taken into account, global temperatures are rising relentlessly.
Although the most common measure of global warming is the increase in the near-surface atmospheric temperature, over 90% of the additional energy stored in the climate system over the last 50 years has warmed ocean water.
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Our evolving dynamic planet has survived sea level changes of hundreds of metres
More precisely, the geoid is the surface of gravitational equipotential at mean sea level.
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The IPCC simply updated their temperature history graphs to show the best data available at the time.
This decadal summer temperature reconstruction, together with a separate curve plotting instrumental thermometer data from the 1850s onwards, was featured as Figure 3.20 in the IPCC Second Assessment Report (SAR) of 1996.
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There is no statistical evidence that global warming is intensifying[…] droughts
Overall, higher temperatures bring more rain and snowfall, but for some regions droughts and wildfires increase instead.
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"Of the rise in temperature during the 20th century, the bulk occurred from 1900 to 1940.
The highest temperature ever recorded was 38.2 °C (100.8 °F) at the VVC weather station and 39.0 °C (102.2 °F) in the center of Moscow and Domodedovo airport on July 29, 2010 during the unusual 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves.
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Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.
Australia's carbon dioxide emissions per capita are among the highest in the world, lower than those of only a few other industrialised nations.
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The warming effect from more CO2 greatly outstrips the influence from changes in the Earth's orbit or solar activity, even if solar levels were to drop to Maunder Minimum levels.
The higher CO2 levels led to an additional climate warming ranging between 0.1° and 1.5 °C.
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When you account for all of the costs associated with burning coal and other fossil fuels, like air pollution and health effects, in reality they are significantly more expensive than most renewable energy sources.
Artificial gasolines and other renewable energy sources currently require more expensive production and processing technologies than conventional petroleum reserves, but may become economically viable in the near future.
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"There are many urgent priorities that need the attention of Congress, and it is not for me as an invited guest in your country to say what they are.
She responded to General David Petraeus's September 2007 Report to Congress on the Situation in Iraq by saying, "I think that the reports that you provide to us really require a willing suspension of disbelief."
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Discovery Of Massive Volcanic CO2 Emissions Discredits Global Warming Theory.
Global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in 2010 were equivalent to 49 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (using the most recent global warming potentials over 100 years from the AR5 report).
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Heat is continuing to build up in the subsurface ocean.
It plays an important role in supplying heat to the polar regions, and thus in sea ice regulation.
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Melting ice leads to more sunlight being absorbed by water, thus heating the Arctic.
The Arctic gradually loses snow and ice, bare rock and water absorb more and more of the sun's energy, making the Arctic even warmer.
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the climate models have overestimated the amount of global warming and failed to predict what climatologists call the warming ‘hiatus’
Additional disputes concern estimates of climate sensitivity, predictions of additional warming, what the consequences of global warming will be, and what to do about it.
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‘We don’t expect record years every year, but the ongoing long-term warming trend is clear.’”
Between 1850 and 1950 a long-term trend of gradual climate warming is observable, and during this same period the Marsham record of oak-leafing dates tended to become earlier.
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For decades horticulturalists have pumped carbon dioxide into glasshouses to increase yields.
The refinery reduces its carbon emissions, whilst the nursery enjoys boosted tomato yields and does not need to provide its own greenhouse heating.
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“‘The Arctic may be remote, but changes that occur there directly affect us.
As an island Territory, we are directly and immediately impacted by global climate change.
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“Forest fires are caused by poor management. Not by climate change.”
In addition to land management practices, the severity of wildfires in the western US is influenced by extreme heat, drought, and the amount of dry vegetative fuel, which are all linked to human-caused climate change. Climate change is not the only factor that affects fire behavior, but it is an important one. Since 1984, the forest fire area in the western US likely doubled due to climate change.
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Drought in the western U.S. pales in comparison to the mega-droughts tree rings tell us existed in centuries past.
The tree-ring data indicate that the Western states have experienced droughts that lasted ten times longer than anything the modern U.S. has seen.
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Medieval Warm Period was warmer than the climate warming today.
They also found that the warming during the 10–14th centuries in some regions might be comparable in magnitude to the warming of the last few decades of the 20th century, which was unprecedented within the past 500 years.
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The most recent IPCC report lays out a future if we limit global heating to 1.5°C instead of the Paris Agreement’s 2°C.
Holding this rise to 1.5 °C avoids the worst effects of a rise by even 2 °C.
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when 3 per cent of total annual global emissions of carbon dioxide are from humans and Australia prod­uces 1.3 per cent of this 3 per cent, then no amount of emissions reductio­n here will have any effect on global climate.
Other countries with fast growing emissions are South Korea, Iran, and Australia (which apart from the oil rich Persian Gulf states, now has the highest percapita emission rate in the world).
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While the Greenland interior is in mass balance, the coastlines are losing ice.
The additional snowfall causes increased ice flow of the ice sheet into the ocean, so that the mass gain due to snowfall is partially compensated.
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Meeting the 2025 emissions reduction target alone could subtract $250 billion from our GDP and eliminate 2.7 million jobs.
The country has a national objective to reduce emissions by 25% from their 1990 levels by 2020, and a long-term target to reduce emissions 75–80% by 2050.
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“Several of the papers note that the primary influence on warming appears to be solar activity.
Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.
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The 2007's early start to Daylight Saving Time contributed to global warming.
Germany led the way by starting DST (German: Sommerzeit) during World War I on April 30, 1916 together with its allies to alleviate hardships from wartime coal shortages and air raid blackouts.
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the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is misleading humanity about climate change and sea levels, and that in fact a new solar-driven cooling period is not far off.
Over the six years studied, the actual temperature rise was near the top end of the range given by IPCC's 2001 projection, and the actual sea level rise was above the top of the range of the IPCC projection.
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Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.
The carbon dioxide levels necessary to thaw Earth have been estimated as being 350 times what they are today, about 13% of the atmosphere.
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Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate
Compared with other low carbon power sources, wind turbines have some of the lowest global warming potential per unit of electrical energy generated.
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Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.
In September 2019 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change published a report about the impact of climate change on the oceans including sea level rise.
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Sea level rise, which was occurring long before humans could be blamed, has not accelerated.
More precise data gathered from satellite radar measurements reveal an accelerating rise of 7.5 cm (3.0 in) from 1993 to 2017, which is a trend of roughly 30 cm (12 in) per century.
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Statistical analysis of the rate of warming over different periods find that warming from 1970 to 2001 is greater than the warming from both 1860 to 1880 and 1910 to 1940.
The Little Ice Age was a period from about 1550 to 1850 when the world experienced relatively cooler temperatures compared to the time before and after.
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While methane is a more potent greenhouse gas than CO2, there is over 200 times more CO2 in the atmosphere.
Natural gas is thus a more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide due to the greater global-warming potential of methane.
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This increases confidence in other peer-reviewed research predicting sea level rise of 80cm to 2 metres by 2100.
There is the probability that the rise will be beyond 2 metres by 2100 in the high emission scenario, which will cause displacement of 187 million people.
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Also, it's not yet clear whether changes in stratospheric water vapor are caused by a climate feedback or internal variability
Models not only project different future temperature with different emissions of greenhouse gases, but also do not fully agree on the strength of different feedbacks on climate sensitivity and the amount of inertia of the system.
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describes a world of worsening food shortages and wildfires, and a mass die-off of coral reefs as soon as 2040
With degradation of protective coral reefs through acidic erosion, bleaching and death, salt water is able to infiltrate fresh ground water supplies that large populations depend on.
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That humans are causing the rise in atmospheric CO2 is confirmed by multiple isotopic analyses.
Global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in 2010 were equivalent to 49 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (using the most recent global warming potentials over 100 years from the AR5 report).
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IPCC graph showing accelerating trends is misleading
These studies were widely presented as demonstrating that the current warming period is exceptional in comparison to temperatures between 1000 and 1900, and the MBH99 based graph featured in publicity.
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The current debate on the connection between CO2 emissions and climate change has largely overlooked an independent and equally serious problem, the increasing acidity of our oceans.
As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in the atmosphere, the increased uptake of carbon dioxide into the oceans is causing a measurable decrease in the pH of the oceans, which is referred to as ocean acidification.
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"Twentieth century global warming did not start until 1910.
From 1938 Guy Stewart Callendar published evidence that climate was warming and CO 2 levels increasing, but his calculations met the same objections.
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Climate Change ‘Heat Records’ Are a Huge Data Manipulation
It uses monthly temperature and precipitation data.
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In our lifetime, there has been no correlation between carbon dioxide emissions and temperature
Decades ago, they correctly predicted how much Earth's temperature would rise due to increasing atmospheric CO2.
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But as the change gets larger or more persistent … it appears they underestimate climate change
Abrupt climate change, tipping points in the climate system: Climate change could result in global, large-scale changes.
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"So recently the media picked up on the fact that CRU deleted the raw data for this important global temperature set long ago.
On 27 July 2011 CRU announced release of the raw instrumental data not already in the public domain, with the exception of Poland which was outside the area covered by the FOIA request.
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while it’s true that studies in some regions show polar bears are lighter in weight than they were in the 1980s, there is no evidence that more individuals are starving to death or becoming too thin to reproduce because of less summer ice.
Unlike brown and black bears, polar bears are capable of fasting for up to several months during late summer and early fall, when they cannot hunt for seals because the sea is unfrozen.
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Hundreds of flowers across the UK are flowering earlier now than any time in 250 years.
Peak bloom time at Royal Botanical Gardens is normally around the last week of April or the first week of May.
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When the internal variability is removed from the temperature record, what we find is nearly monotonic, accelerating warming throughout the 20th Century.
The global average and combined land and ocean surface temperature, show a warming of 0.85 [0.65 to 1.06] °C, in the period 1880 to 2012, based on multiple independently produced datasets.
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many scientists were surprised when other researchers subsequently found that ringed and bearded seals (the primary prey of polar bears) north of the Bering Strait especially thrived with a longer open-water season, which is particularly conducive to fishing
The polar bear is the most carnivorous species of bear, and its diet primarily consists of ringed (Pusa hispida) and bearded (Erignathus barbatus) seals.
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Meanwhile, it will likely to continue to snow in Chicago in the coming days.
Winters are cold and snowy, although the city typically sees less snow and rain in winter than that experienced on the East Coast; blizzards do occur, as in 2011.
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Polar bear numbers are increasing.
Of the 19 recognized polar bear subpopulations, one is in decline, two are increasing, seven are stable, and nine have insufficient data, as of 2017.
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Only very few peer-reviewed papers even go so far as to say that recent warming is chiefly anthropogenic.
A 2012 analysis of published research on global warming and climate change between 1991 and 2012 found that of the 13,950 articles in peer-reviewed journals, only 24 rejected anthropogenic global warming.
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The amount of summer sea ice in the Arctic has steadily declined over the past few decades because of man-made global warming, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Global warming has led to decades of shrinking and thinning of the Arctic sea ice, making it vulnerable to atmospheric anomalies.
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In 1977, PDO switched to a warm phase.
1976/1977: PDO changed to a "warm" phase.
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Temperature errors in the Great Lakes region are not used in any global temperature records.
[citation needed] This variation in temperature makes the lake seasonally stratigraphic.
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The clearest of these is simple accounting - humans are emitting CO2 at a rate twice as fast as the atmospheric increase (natural sinks are absorbing the other half).
The oceans act as an enormous carbon sink, and have taken up about a third of CO 2 emitted by human activity.
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Australia’s signed a suicide note [with the Paris Accord] yet didn’t seem to notice that China, India, Indonesia and the US did not commit to reducing their large carbon dioxide emissions.
Countries that ratified the Kyoto protocol committed to reduce their emissions of carbon dioxide and five other greenhouse gases, or engage in emissions trading if they maintain or increase emissions of these gases.
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“Some experts, such as UN climate scientist Dr. Indur Goklany, have defended rising CO2 levels as a good thing for humanity.
It is likely that anthropogenic (i.e., human-induced) warming, such as that due to elevated greenhouse gas levels, has had a discernible influence on many physical and biological systems.
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the U.S. is shattering high temperature records far more frequently than it is shattering low temperature records.
The highest temperature ever recorded is 112 °F (44.4 °C) in Louisville on July 24, 1952, while the lowest is −17 °F (−27.2 °C) in northern Floyd County on January 27, 1940.
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U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson "led the fight to let polluters release unlimited amounts of carbon pollution and took nearly $225,000 from polluters."
AUD 4.8 billion of assistance (in the form of free permits) for the most polluting electricity generators.
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This is the South Pole ice, 90% of Earth’s ice, and it’s getting thicker.
This water ice is believed to be as much as three kilometers thick.
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Jim Hansen had several possible scenarios; his mid-level scenario B was right.
An alternate scenario would keep the warming to below this if climate sensitivity were below 3 °C for doubled CO 2.
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"The 30 major droughts of the 20th century were likely natural in all respects; and, hence, they are "indicative of what could also happen in the future," as Narisma
Some evidence suggests that droughts have been occurring more frequently because of global warming and they are expected to become more frequent and intense in Africa, southern Europe, the Middle East, most of the Americas, Australia, and Southeast Asia.
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Together, these two unaltered [sea level] datasets indicate that global mean sea level trend has remained stable over the entire period 1992-2007, altogether eliminating the apparent 3.2 mm/year rate of sea-level rise arising from the “adjusted” data.
Data collected by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in Australia show the current global mean sea level trend to be 3.2 mm (0.13 in) per year, a doubling of the rate during the 20th century.
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Some of the regions in which GRACE claims ice loss in East Antarctica average colder than -30°C during the summer, and never, ever get above freezing.
The temperature in Antarctica has reached −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) (or even −94.7 °C (−135.8 °F) as measured from space), though the average for the third quarter (the coldest part of the year) is −63 °C (−81 °F).
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Global warming is causing snow to disappear.
Global warming has led to decades of shrinking and thinning of the Arctic sea ice, making it vulnerable to atmospheric anomalies.
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I am talking about the slaughter, death, and starvation of 6 billion people this century—thats what the science predicts.
While Hallam claims to be presenting a prediction from the scientific literature, this claim is not supported by published research.
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The Earth’s climate is changing in response to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and particulate matter in the atmosphere, largely as the result of human activities.
Scientists have determined that the major factors causing the current climate change are greenhouse gases, land use changes, and aerosols and soot.
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