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more than 100 per cent of the warming over the past century is due to human actions | The global warming observed over the past 50 years is due primarily to human-induced emissions of heat-trapping gases. | SUPPORTS |
Everybody knows that the Pacific island of Tuvalu is sinking. ... | Spanish discoveries in the Central Pacific. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Ancient natural cycles are irrelevant for attributing recent global warming to humans. | The effects of climate change on human systems, mostly due to warming and shifts in precipitation, have been detected worldwide. | REFUTES |
Climate skeptics argue temperature records have been adjusted in recent years to make the past appear cooler and the present warmer, although the Carbon Brief showed that NOAA has actually made the past warmer, evening out the difference. | In at least some areas, the recent period appears to be warmer than has been the case for a thousand or more years". | REFUTES |
The unlikely scenarios are now, all of a sudden, becoming more probable than they once were thought to be,’ says Sweet.” | In recent decades, a few specialists have continued to support this interpretation, and Peter Schrijver has said that 'to a large extent, it is linguistics that is responsible for thinking in terms of drastic scenarios' about demographic change in late Roman Britain. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Sea level rise predictions are exaggerated. | A conservative estimate of the long-term projections is that each Celsius degree of temperature rise triggers a sea level rise of approximately 2.3 meters (4.2 ft/degree Fahrenheit) over a period of two millennia: an example of climate inertia. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
There are fundamental faults in the statistical and scientific analyses used to justify the need for early and comprehensive mitigatory action by governments. | Conceptually, a meta-analysis uses a statistical approach to combine the results from multiple studies in an effort to increase power (over individual studies), improve estimates of the size of the effect and/or to resolve uncertainty when reports disagree. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
No state generates as much solar power as California, or has as many people whose jobs depend on it. | Natural gas-fired power plants typically account for more than one-half of state electricity generation. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Given that a doubling of carbon dioxide would change the surface heat flux by only two watts per square meter, it is evident that a small change in cloud cover can strongly affect the response to carbon dioxide." | The main reinforcing feedbacks are the water vapour feedback, the ice–albedo feedback, and probably the net effect of clouds. | SUPPORTS |
Scientists were caught adjusting sea level data to create false impression of rising oceans | Global average sea level has risen throughout the 20thcentury and continues to rise at an accelerating rate. Sea level rise primarily results from glacial ice melting and the expansion of seawater as it warms. Scientists do not arbitrarily adjust sea level data, but instead compare sea level measurements to stable benchmarks to generate accurate estimates of sea level change over time. | REFUTES |
The IPCC 95% confidence that humans are responsible for most of the current global warming is simply a summary of the peer-reviewed scientific research. | "The IPCC Third Assessment Report'] conclusion that most of the observed warming of the last 50 years is likely to have been due to the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations accurately reflects the current thinking of the scientific community on this issue". | SUPPORTS |
As it happens, the writer of that October 2009 e-mail—Kevin Trenberth, a lead author of the warmist bible, the 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report—told Congress two years ago that evidence for manmade warming is "unequivocal. | IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers 2013, p. 4: Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. | SUPPORTS |
The IPCC blames human emissions of carbon dioxide for the last warming. | The global warming observed over the past 50 years is due primarily to human-induced emissions of heat-trapping gases. | SUPPORTS |
When the PDO last switched to a cool phase, global temperatures were about 0.4C cooler than currently. | The 2014 flip from the cool PDO phase to the warm phase, which vaguely resembles a long and drawn out El Niño event, contributed to record-breaking surface temperatures across the planet in 2014. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
From 1970 until 1998 there was a warming period that raised temperatures by about 0.7 F that helped spawn the global warming alarmist movement. | These isotope changes occurred due to the release of carbon from the ocean into the atmosphere that led to a temperature increase of 4-8 °C (7-14 °F) at the surface of the ocean. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
According to the WHO, exposure to particulate matter increases the risk of acute lower respiratory infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, stroke and lung cancer. | Causes of deaths include strokes, heart disease, COPD, lung cancer, and lung infections. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
There is no factual data to back up global warming; real scientists don’t know whether CO2, solar sunspots or natural activity cause global warming | Scientists have unequivocally demonstrated increases in the temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere and oceans over the past century. The rate of global warming has been accelerating since the 1980s, and the last decade was the warmest on record. Global warming also affects the melting of sea and land ice, and induces changes in ecosystems, such as species migration to higher latitudes or higher elevations. Numerous scientific studies established a clear link between human-caused increases in greenhouse gases and global warming. | REFUTES |
With marine ice cliff instability, sea-level rise for the next century is potentially much larger than we thought it might be five or 10 years ago | According to the Fourth (2017) National Climate Assessment (NCA) of the United States it is very likely sea level will rise between 30 and 130 cm (1.0–4.3 feet) in 2100 compared to the year 2000. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Climate scientists have predicted global temperatures would increase more than one degree Celsius by 2020," but observed temperatures have been only half as high. | The 10th Emissions Gap Report issued by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) predicts that if emissions continue to increase at the same rate as they have in 2010–2020, global temperatures would rise by as much as 4° by 2100. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Water vapor is the most powerful greenhouse gas. | Being a component of Earth's hydrosphere and hydrologic cycle, it is particularly abundant in Earth's atmosphere where it is also a potent greenhouse gas along with other gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. | SUPPORTS |
All the indicators show that global warming is still happening. | In the scientific literature, there is an overwhelming consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused mainly by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. | SUPPORTS |
it’s virtually impossible to get funded for work that disputes climate change through other channels [other than oil companies] | The coalition was financed by large corporations and trade groups from the oil, coal and auto industries. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
a new study by scientists at the Australian Research Council finds that the ongoing bleaching event is mainly due to human-caused global warming, and that if global warming proceeds as currently expected, “large parts” of the Great Barrier Reef could die by the mid-2030s. | In March 2017, the journal Nature published a paper showing that huge sections of an 800-kilometre (500 mi) stretch in the northern part of the reef had died in the course of 2016 due to high water temperatures, an event that the authors put down to the effects of global climate change. | SUPPORTS |
“climate economists see a positive externality, not a negative one, from the human influence on climate. | A positive externality (also called "external benefit" or "external economy" or "beneficial externality") is the positive effect an activity imposes on an unrelated third party. | SUPPORTS |
Carbon emissions are declining in most rich nations and have been declining in Britain, Germany, and France since the mid-1970s | Within the G8 group of countries, it is most significant for the UK, France and Germany. | SUPPORTS |
Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. | While there have been prehistoric periods of global warming, many observed changes since the mid-20th century have been unprecedented over decades to millennia. | SUPPORTS |
A fast transition away from fossil fuels in the next few decades could be enough to put off rapid sea-level rise for centuries. | "The rate of sea-level rise". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Global warming slowing down? Ironic study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet | Human-caused CO2emissions can enhance plant growth and increase absorption of atmospheric CO2that causes global warming, thus acting as a negative feedback. This negative feedback can reduce the amount of global warming, but has not cooled the planet as claimed in this headline. | REFUTES |
“Catherine Senior, head of understanding climate change at the Met Office Hadley Centre, said more studies and more data were needed to fully understand the role of clouds and aerosols. | In a 2006 letter to Nature, Mann, Bradley, and Hughes pointed out that their original article had said that "more widespread high-resolution data are needed before more confident conclusions can be reached" and that the uncertainties were "the point of the article". | SUPPORTS |
Antarctic sea-ice extent is increasing to record levels. Antarctica is getting colder; its sea ice and ice cap are not melting | The consensus of scientific evidence shows that the average temperature over the Antarctic has not been getting colder. Some of the world’s fastest warming is observed in regions of the continent. | REFUTES |
Human kind has little or nothing to do with the recent temperature changes. | Human-driven modifications to the planet's ecosystems (e.g., disturbance, biodiversity loss, agriculture) contributes to rising atmospheric greenhouse gas levels. | REFUTES |
Past Australian droughts occurred when global temperatures were lower than now and wetter years occurred when such temperatures were rising. | Climate change leads to a warmer ground temperature and its effects include earlier snowmelt dates, drier than expected vegetation, increased number of potential fire days, increased occurrence of summer droughts, and a prolonged dry season. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
'What I can comment on is this prediction by Dr. Hansen: “The West Side Highway [which runs along the Hudson River] will be under water.” | "New York to Build Elevated Highway: Road for Fast Motor Traffic Will Run Along the Hudson Waterfront From Seventy-Second to Canal Street—Will Relieve Congestion on the West Side". | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen. | Between 1993 and 2017, the global mean sea level rose on average by 3.1 ± 0.3 mm per year, with an acceleration detected as well. | REFUTES |
Arctic sea ice loss is matched by Antarctic sea ice gain. | The effects of global warming in the Arctic include rising temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Severe storms, floods and agricultural losses may cost a great deal of money, but such extreme weather events—and their resulting costs—are dramatically declining as the Earth modestly warms. | For example, the heat wave that passed through Europe in 2003 cost 13 billion euros in uninsured agriculture losses. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
And there is a lot of evidence that climate change is diminishing biodiversity, which can be seen in these alpine meadows as well. | Climate change has proven to affect biodiversity and evidence supporting the altering effects is widespread. | SUPPORTS |
90 per cent of the world's coral reefs will disappear in the next 35 years due to coral bleaching induced by global warming, pollution and over-development. | According to the Caribbean Coral Reefs - Status Report 19702-2012, states that; stop overfishing especially fishes key to coral reef like parrotfish, coastal zone management that reduce human pressure on reef, (for example restricting coastal settlement, development and tourism) and control pollution specially sewage, may reduce coral decline or even reverse it. | SUPPORTS |
The Little Ice Age ended as recently as 1850. | It has been conventionally defined as a period extending from the 16th to the 19th centuries, but some experts prefer an alternative timespan from about 1300 to about 1850. | SUPPORTS |
“Arctic land stores about twice as much carbon as the atmosphere. | Permafrost contains almost twice as much carbon as is present in the atmosphere. | SUPPORTS |
Reefs need carbon dioxide; it’s their basic food. | All aerobic creatures need oxygen for cellular respiration, which uses the oxygen to break down foods for energy and produces carbon dioxide as a waste product. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Al Gore's film was "broadly accurate" according to an expert witness called when an attempt was made through the courts to prevent the film being shown in schools. | Gore climate documentary to be shown in schools. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Climate change is not making natural disasters worse | attribute these events to sudden environmental changes, like natural disasters. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Hypothetically, an increasing solar magnetic field could deflect galactic cosmic rays, which hypothetically seed low-level clouds, thus decreasing the Earth's reflectivity and causing global warming. | Henrik Svensmark has suggested that the magnetic activity of the sun deflects cosmic rays, and that this may influence the generation of cloud condensation nuclei, and thereby have an effect on the climate. | SUPPORTS |
Plant stomata show higher and more variable CO2 levels | These scientific instruments are commonly used by plant physiologists to measure CO2 uptake and thus measure photosynthetic rate. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas | This last phenomenon is known as the greenhouse effect: trace molecules within the atmosphere serve to capture thermal energy emitted from the ground, thereby raising the average temperature. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Arctic, Antarctic and Greenland ice loss is accelerating due to global warming. | The effects of global warming in the Arctic, or climate change in the Arctic include rising air and water temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet with a related cold temperature anomaly, observed since the 1970s. | SUPPORTS |
The Clean Power Plan, a major component of fulfilling the agreement, would spike energy costs for working and middle-class Texans by 16% by 2030, according to the Economic Reliability Council of Texas | The increased efficiency and reliability of the smart grid is expected to save consumers money and help reduce CO 2 emissions. | REFUTES |
On Feb. 7, several major newspapers carried stories of the declaration by NASA and NOAA that the past five years have been the warmest on record. | Consistent with Schmidt's comment, the NASA / NOAA announcement stated that "globally-averaged temperatures in 2016 were 1.78 degrees Fahrenheit (0.99 degrees Celsius) warmer than the mid-20th century mean" and that the impact of El Niño warming was estimated to have "increased the annual global temperature anomaly for 2016 by 0.2 degrees Fahrenheit (0.12 degrees Celsius)." | SUPPORTS |
Arctic sea ice loss is matched by Antarctic sea ice gain. | This ice sheet is constantly gaining ice from snowfall and losing ice through outflow to the sea. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Human-produced carbon might be one of the factors [of climate change], but there’s simply no evidence that it is a significant one. | No research or data is provided to support the author’s assertion. | REFUTES |
Climate change is due to cosmic rays. | It has been postulated that ionized particles known as cosmic rays could impact cloud cover and thereby the climate. | SUPPORTS |
Greenhouse gases have been the main contributor of warming since 1970. | Human-caused increases in greenhouse gases are responsible for most of the observed global average surface warming of roughly 0.8 °C (1.5 °F) over the past 140 years. | SUPPORTS |
The news of expanding Antarctic sea ice stole headlines from global warming alarmists who asserted Arctic sea ice had reached its lowest extent since 1979.' | Sea ice coverage in the Arctic has shrunk at a much faster rate than it has expanded in the Southern Ocean. | SUPPORTS |
A variety of different measurements find steadily rising sea levels over the past century. | Since at least the start of the 20th century, the average global sea level has been rising. | SUPPORTS |
18 proxies tell us the world was the same or warmer 1,000 years ago | Reconstructions of global temperature based on the available records indicate that the warmest period of the last 2,000 years is the current one. | REFUTES |
[T]he overwhelming majority of peer-reviewed studies [find] that CO2 in the atmosphere remained there a short time. | In 2013, CO2 readings taken at the world's primary benchmark site in Mauna Loa surpassing 400 ppm for the first time. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
the climate models have overestimated the amount of global warming and failed to predict what climatologists call the warming ‘hiatus’ | These models predict an upward trend in the surface temperatures, as well as a more rapid increase in temperature at higher latitudes. | SUPPORTS |
The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time. | Hurricane wind speeds, rainfall intensity, and storm surge levels are likely to increase. | REFUTES |
The benefits of a price on carbon outweigh the costs several times over. | Suppose the benefits from that ton range from $1 for the user with the least need for carbon to $100 (in $1 increments) for the user who would benefit most. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
The sea level was 20 to 30 feet higher than it is today, implying that the ice sheets in both Greenland and Antarctica must have partly disintegrated, a warning of what could occur in the relatively near future if the heating of the planet continues unchecked.” | The warming was sustained over a period of thousands of years and the magnitude of the rise in sea level implies a large contribution from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Just 0.7% of the world’s forests are coastal mangroves, yet they store up to 10 times as much carbon per hectare as tropical forests. | Mangrove forests are an important part of the cycling and storage of carbon in tropical coastal ecosystems. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
global warming ceased around the end of the twentieth century and was followed (since 1997) by 19 years of stable temperature | The period from 1983 to 2012 was likely the warmest 30-year period of the last 1400 years in the Northern Hemisphere, where such assessment is possible (medium confidence). | REFUTES |
In truth, the overwhelming majority of climate-research funding comes from the federal government and left-wing foundations. | Greenpeace claims that ALEC has received $525,858 from Koch foundations between 2005 and 2011. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Marine life has nothing whatsoever to fear from ocean acidification.” | One of the most striking features of this is ocean acidification, resulting from increased CO2 uptake of the oceans related to higher atmospheric concentration of CO2 and higher temperatures, because it severely affects coral reefs, mollusks, echinoderms and crustaceans (see coral bleaching). | REFUTES |
Droughts and floods have not changed since weve been using fossil fuels | The increased demands are contributing to increased environmental degradation and to global warming, with resultant intensification of tropical cyclones, floods, droughts, forest fires, and incidence of hyperthermia deaths. | REFUTES |
But by far the largest greenhouse gas is water vapour, which makes 95 per cent of the total. | Water vapor accounts for the largest percentage of the greenhouse effect, between 36% and 66% for clear sky conditions and between 66% and 85% when including clouds. | SUPPORTS |
A third of Antarctic ice shelf risks collapse as our planet warms | The claim doesn’t provide a timescale for when this collapse might occur or mention that not all ice shelves are susceptible to collapse. | SUPPORTS |
CO2 does not cause climate change, it RESPONDS to it [...] | Increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations lead to further acidification ... | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Research has found a human influence on the climate of the past several decades ... | According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is "extremely likely" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. | SUPPORTS |
Clouds provide negative feedback | Changes in subtropical humidity could provide a negative feedback that decreases the amount of water vapor which in turn would act to mediate global climate transitions. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
This was the case last year too, while earlier years in the DMI analysis period (1958-2010) hardly ever shows Arctic melt season temperatures this cold (Frank Lansner) | The 2007 melt season let to a minimum 39% below the 1979–2000 average, and for the first time in human memory, the fabled Northwest Passage opened completely. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
A young whizkid [...] invented a device that cuts 50% off an average home’s power bill | This video misrepresents the people shown, falsely claiming to show the inventor of the device being advertised. That device is incapable of reducing electric bills by 50%, as claimed—or indeed by any amount. | REFUTES |
“Sea level rise, which was occurring long before humans could be blamed, has not accelerated and still amounts to only 1 inch every ten years. | A 2018 systematic review study estimated that ice loss across the entire continent was 43 gigatons (Gt) per year on average during the period from 1992 to 2002, but has accelerated to an average of 220 Gt per year during the five years from 2012 to 2017. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
U.S. Pays $1 Billion into Green Climate Fund, Top Polluters Pay Nothing | U.S. President Obama committed the US to contributing US$3 billion to the fund. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
‘If we do nothing to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions, the kind of extreme heat we saw this past summer will be the norm when my young son is a grown man.’ | He learns that "Earth could warm by more than 9 degrees F (5 degrees C) by 2100 if we don’t aggressively reduce our emissions of greenhouse gases", and that more frequent heat waves and droughts will contribute to food shortages, which can lead to greater conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
Reef material is calcium carbonate, which contains 44 per cent carbon dioxide. | The calcium carbonate from which coral skeletons are made is just over 60% carbon dioxide. | SUPPORTS |
Clouds provide negative feedback. | This effect results in a negative feedback process that can inhibit further development or lead to weakening. | NOT_ENOUGH_INFO |
I would not agree that carbon dioxide is a primary contributor to the global warming that we see. | In March 2017, Pruitt said that he does not believe that human activities, specifically carbon dioxide emissions, are a primary contributor to climate change, a view which is in contradiction with the scientific consensus. | SUPPORTS |
In one particularly damning email, CRU director Phil Jones said he had used ‘Mike’s Nature trick’ to ‘hide the decline’ in temperatures in the second half of the 20th century. | Many commentators quoted one email in which Phil Jones said that he had used "Mike's Nature trick" in a 1999 graph for the World Meteorological Organization "to hide the decline" in proxy temperatures derived from tree-ring analyses when measured temperatures were actually rising. | SUPPORTS |