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fossils are formed when layers of sediment cover the remains of organisms over time & a plant is a kind of organism & an animal is a kind of organism | fossils are formed when layers of sediment cover the remains of plants and animals over time |
fossils are the remains of organisms or part of organisms & organism remains can be preserved in sedimentary rock | fossils are preserved in sedimentary rock |
fossils are preserved in sedimentary rock & if something is preserved in sedimentary rocks, then that something can be found in the sedimentary rock | nearly all fossils are found in sedimentary rock |
bones are part of some animals & animals are a kind of organism | bones are part of organisms |
animals are a kind of organism & a shell is a part of some animals | shells are part of some organisms |
bones are part of organisms & shells are part of some organisms & fossils are the remains of organisms or part of organisms & plants are a kind of organism | bones remains, shells remians, and plants remains are fossils |
bones remains, shells remians, and plants remains are fossils & containing fossils is a kind of characteristic of sedimentary rock | if a rock contains bones remains, shells remians, or plants remains, then the rock is a sedimentary rock |
limestone is a kind of sedimentary rock & nearly all fossils are found in sedimentary rock | fossils can be found in limestones |
fossils can be found in limestones & a fossil seashell is a kind of fossil | a fossil seashell can be found in a limestone |
nearly all fossils are found in sedimentary rock & if something is found in something else, then that something else contains that something | sedimentary rocks contain nearly all fossils |
fossils can be used to study the history of organisms and environments on earth & an animal is a kind of organism | fossils can be used to study the history of animals and environments on earth |
fossils can be used to study the history of animals and environments on earth & a dinosaur is a kind of extinct animal | fossils can be used to study the history of dinosaurs and environments on earth |
an animal is a kind of organism & a horse is a kind of animal | a horse is a kind of organism |
a horse is a kind of organism & if fossils of an organism change depending on the level in which they were found then that species of organism changed over time | if fossils of horses change depending on the level in which they were found, then the horses has changed over time |
the fossils of horse has shorter bones in lower levels and the fossils of horse has longer bones in the upper level & younger layer of rocks are on top of the older layer of rocks according to superposition | the younger fossils of horse has longer bones than the older fossils of horse |
if fossils of horses change depending on the level in which they were found, then the horses has changed over time & the younger fossils of horse has longer bones than the older fossils of horse | horse species have changed from smaller to larger over time |
a bird is a kind of animal & an animal is a kind of organism | a bird is a kind of organism |
a bird is a kind of organism & if a fossil is of an organism that cannot be identified then that organism is probably extinct | if a fossil of a bird cannot be identified then that kind of bird is probably extinct |
an elephant is a kind of animal species & if the fossils of a species are different from the existing species, then the species has changed over time & the fossil of the elephant in african savanna is different from the elephant species presently in that area | the elephant in african savanna has changed over time |
a mineral is a kind of solid natural material & a mineral usually has a crystal structure | a mineral is a solid natural material with a crystal structure |
rock is made of minerals & a mineral is a kind of solid natural material | a mineral is a solid natural material that makes up rocks |
a diamond is made of face-centered cubic crystals & a mineral usually has a crystal structure | diamond is a kind of mineral |
a mineral usually has a crystal structure & a quartz is made of six-sided transparent crystals | quartz is a kind of mineral |
minerals are formed by magma cooling & a volcano is a source of magma / lava | minerals are formed by magma from a volcano cooling |
halite is formed by a body of salt water evaporating & seawater is a kind of salt water & halite is a kind of mineral | the mineral halite is formed by a body of seawater evaporating |
the formation of diamonds requires intense pressure & the pressure is intense deep below earth 's crust | the formation of diamonds occurs deep below the crust of the earth |
hardness is a property of a material / an object and includes ordered values of malleable / rigid & a mineral is a kind of solid / natural material | hardness is a property of minerals |
hardness is a property of minerals & the properties of something can be used to identify that something | hardness can be used to identify minerals |
if an object is made of a material then that object has the properties of that material & a rock is a kind of object & rock is made of minerals | rocks will have the properties of the minerals that make up the rocks |
the property of something is the same for the things of same kind & color is a property of a material | the color property of the same material will be the same |
the color property of the same material will be the same & a mineral is a kind of solid / natural material | the color property of the same minerals will be the same for the things of same kind |
rocks will have the properties of the minerals that make up the rocks & the color property of the same minerals will be the same for the things of same kind | rocks will have the same color property as the minerals that make up the rocks |
an example of breaking something down is scratching something & a material that is soft can be broken down by a material that is hard | a material that is soft can be scratched by a material that is hard |
a material that is soft can be scratched by a material that is hard & a mineral is a kind of material | if one mineral can scratch another mineral then that other mineral is softer than that one mineral |
if one mineral can scratch another mineral then that other mineral is softer than that one mineral & hardness is a measure of a mineral 's ability to resist scratching | measuring the hardness of minerals requires scratching those materials |
quartz scratches glass easily & a quartz is made of six-sided transparent crystals & quartz is a kind of mineral | quartz is the mineral that has six-sided transparent crystals and can scratch glass easily |
a mineral can be scratched by a fingernail & if a mineral can be scratched by a fingernail then that mineral is soft | a mineral is soft |
a mineral is soft & a mineral has a nonmetallic luster & if a mineral is black in color | that mineral is black, has a nonmetallic luster, and is soft |
mica has a nonmetallic luster & mica is a kind of mineral & mica is black in color & mica is soft | mica is a mineral that is black, has a nonmetallic luster, and is soft |
that mineral is black, has a nonmetallic luster, and is soft & mica is a mineral that is black, has a nonmetallic luster, and is soft | that mineral is mica |
different materials usually have different properties & a mineral is a kind of material | different minerals usually have different properties |
different minerals usually have different properties & samples of a single type of mineral usually have the same properties | different minerals usually have different properties and samples of a single type of mineral usually have the same properties |
different minerals usually have different properties and samples of a single type of mineral usually have the same properties & the properties of something can be used to identify / used to describe that something | the properties of a mineral can be used to identify those minerals |
aluminum is a kind of metal & iron is a kind of metal | iron and aluminum are kinds of metal |
iron and aluminum are kinds of metal & rocks often contain large amounts of metal | rocks may contain large amounts of iron and aluminum |
limestone is a kind of sedimentary rock & marble is a kind of metamorphic rock | limestone is a kind of sedimentary rock and marble is a kind of metamorphic rock |
sedimentary rocks are formed by deposition / cementation & metamorphic rocks are formed by rocks being exposed to extreme heat and pressure | sedimentary rocks are formed by deposition / cementation and metamorphic rocks are formed by rocks being exposed to extreme heat and pressure |
limestone is a kind of sedimentary rock and marble is a kind of metamorphic rock & sedimentary rocks are formed by deposition / cementation and metamorphic rocks are formed by rocks being exposed to extreme heat and pressure | limestone is a kind of sedimentary rock that is formed by deposition / cementation and marble is a kind of metamorphic rock that is formed by rocks being exposed to extreme heat and pressure |
limestone is a kind of sedimentary rock that is formed by deposition / cementation and marble is a kind of metamorphic rock that is formed by rocks being exposed to extreme heat and pressure & class is a property of a rock and includes values of sedimentary / metamorphic / igneous | limestone and marble are different classes of rock and are formed by different methods |
limestone and marble are different classes of rock and are formed by different methods & class is a measure of how a rock is formed | different classes of rocks are formed by different methods |
granite contains mica & granite contains feldspar & granite contains quartz | granite is made of quartz, feldspar, and mica |
feldspar is a kind of mineral & mica is a kind of mineral & quartz is a kind of mineral | quartz, feldspar, and mica are minerals |
granite is made of quartz, feldspar, and mica & quartz, feldspar, and mica are minerals | granite is made of minerals |
granite is made of minerals & granite is a kind of rock | rock is made of minerals |
different classes of rocks are formed by different methods & class is a measure of how a rock is formed | the method by which a rock is formed can be used to classify rocks |
the method by which a rock is formed can be used to classify rocks & the origin of a rock means the method by which a rock is formed | the origin of rocks can be used to classify rocks |
the radioactive isotope content of a rock means the amount of elemental isotopes of the parent isotopes & calculating the age of rocks requires investigating the original amount of the elemental isotopes of the parent isotopes | calculating the age of rocks requires investigating the radioactive isotope content of that rock |
calculating the age of rocks requires investigating the radioactive isotope content of that rock & radiometric dating is a kind of method to determine the absolute age of the rock | radiometric dating requires the radioactive isotope content of a rock |
radiometric dating requires the radioactive isotope content of a rock & radiometric dating is used to identify / determine the absolute age of the rock | the radioactive isotope content of a rock can be used to identify the absolute age of the rock |
the radioactive isotope content of a rock can be used to identify the absolute age of the rock & the absolute age of a rock is the amount of time passed since a rock was formed | the radioactive isotope content of a rock can be used to identify the amount of time passed since a rock was formed |
the surface of the earth is made of 70% ocean & most means over 50% of something | most of earth's surface is made of oceans |
most of earth's surface is made of oceans & the hydrosphere is a thin layer of water covering the earth 's surface | most of the hydroshpere is made of oceans |
most of the hydroshpere is made of oceans & the formation of organic rocks is usually found in the ocean | most of the formation of organic rocks in the hydroshpere occurs in the oceans |
if granite is broken down into sediment & the sediment from the granite is buried and compacted | granite is broken down into sediment that is buried and compacted |
the formation of sedimentary rock is a sequential process, with stages of weathering, erosion, deposition,burying, compaction & if something is a stage in a process then that something is required for that process | forming sedimentary rock requires burying |
forming sedimentary rock requires burying & in the formation of sedimentary rock , burying the sediments follows depositing the sediments | forming sedimentary rock requires burying sediments |
forming sedimentary rock requires burying sediments & sedimentary rocks are formed by sediment / materials that settle compacting / cementing together | sedimentary rocks are formed by sediment being buried and compacted |
sedimentary rocks are formed by sediment being buried and compacted & formation in the rock cycle means an old class of rocks changes into a new class of rocks | in the rock cycle, new rocks can be formed by sediment being buried and compacted |
granite is broken down into sediment that is buried and compacted & in the rock cycle, new rocks can be formed by sediment being buried and compacted | the granite will become a new rock |
metamorphic rocks are formed by rocks being exposed to extreme heat and pressure & magma is extremely high in temperature | heat from magma can change a rock into metamorphic rock |
heat from magma can change a rock into metamorphic rock & sedimentary rock is a kind of rock | heat from magma can change sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock |
nearly all fossils are found in sedimentary rock & if something is found in something else then that something else contains that something | sedimentary rocks can contain fossils |
sedimentary rocks can contain fossils & metamorphic rocks do not contain fossils | sedimentary rocks can contain fossils and metamorphic rocks do not contain fossils |
sedimentary is a class of rock & metamorphic is a class of rock | sedimentary and metamorphic are classes of rock |
sedimentary and metamorphic are classes of rock & formation in the rock cycle means an old class of rocks changes into a new class of rocks | formation in the rock cycle can mean sedimentary rock changes into metamorphic rock |
sedimentary rocks can contain fossils and metamorphic rocks do not contain fossils & formation in the rock cycle can mean sedimentary rock changes into metamorphic rock | in the rock cycle, sedimentary rocks that contain fossils can be changed into metamorphic rocks that do not contain fossils |
in the rock cycle, sedimentary rocks that contain fossils can be changed into metamorphic rocks that do not contain fossils & if something that contains a thing is changed into something else that doesn't contain that thing, then that thing is lost / destroyed when that something changes into that something else | fossils are lost / destroyed when sedimentary rock changes to metamorphic rock |
fossils are lost / destroyed when sedimentary rock changes to metamorphic rock & if fossils are destroyed in rock transition , then there will be gaps in the fossil record | sedimentary rock changing to metamorphic rock causes gaps in the fossil record |
heat is a kind of energy & exposure to extreme heat and pressure changes igneous rock into metamorphic rock | exposure to heat energy can change igneous rock into metamorphic rock |
exposure to heat energy can change igneous rock into metamorphic rock & change is a kind of process | heat energy is in the process of changing igneous rock to metamorphic rock |
igneous rocks are formed by lava cooling & pumice is formed when lava cools | pumice is a kind of igneous rock |
igneous rocks / minerals are formed by magma / lava cooling / crystallizing & pumice is a kind of igneous rock | pumice is formed by lava cooling |
if something is formed by a material changing then that something is formed from that material & lava is a kind of material | if something is formed by lava changing then that something is formed from lava |
if something is formed by lava changing then that something is formed from lava & cooling is a kind of change | if something is formed by lava cooling then that something is formed from lava |
pumice is formed by lava cooling & if something is formed by lava cooling then that something is formed from lava | pumice is formed from lava |
a volcano is a source of magma / lava & usually something can be found near a source in greater concentrations | usually lava can be found near a volcano |
usually lava can be found near a volcano & if something usually happens then that something is likely to happen | lava can likely be found near a volcano |
pumice is formed from lava & lava can likely be found near a volcano | pumice is likely formed near a volcano |
a class of something means a type of something & classifying is when one sorts something by kind / type | classifying is when one sorts something by class |
classifying is when one sorts something by class & class is a measure of how a rock is formed | rocks can be classified based on how they were formed |
rocks can be classified based on how they were formed & igneous rocks are formed by magma cooling / crystallizing | a rock can be classified as igneous if it was formed from magma |
as the rate of rocks cooling decreases , the crystal size of the rock will increase & rate is a kind of measurement of speed | as the speed of rocks cooling decreases, the crystal size of the rock will increase |
as the speed of rocks cooling decreases, the crystal size of the rock will increase & to slow / to slow down decreases speed | a rock cooling slowly causes the crystal size of the rock to increase |
a rock cooling slowly causes the crystal size of the rock to increase & if something causes something else then that something affects that something else | a rock cooling slowly affects the crystal size of the rock |
a rock cooling slowly affects the crystal size of the rock & if something affects something else then that something else indicates whether that something happened | the crystal size of a rock indicates whether the rock cooled slowly |
the crystal size of a rock indicates whether the rock cooled slowly & crystal size is a property of rocks and includes values of small / large | crystal size is a property of a rock that indicates whether a rock cooled slowly |
exposure to pressure is a kind of condition & exposure to heat is a kind of condition | exposure to heat and pressure are kinds of conditions |
exposure to heat and pressure are kinds of conditions & if something is formed by certain conditions then that something will likely be formed in an area with those conditions | if something is formed by being exposed to heat and pressure then that something will likely be formed in an area with heat and pressure |
great can mean high in value & extreme means very high in value | extreme can mean great |
extreme can mean great & metamorphic rocks are formed by rocks being exposed to extreme heat and pressure | metamorphic rocks are formed by being exposed to great heat and pressure |