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ocean water is made of hydrogen and oxygen & oxygen is more common than hydrogen on earth | oxygen is the most common element found in the compounds that make up ocean water |
petroleum is a kind of fossil fuel & forming fossil fuels requires deposition and burial of decaying vegetation | forming the fossil fuel petroleum requires deposition and burial of decaying vegetation |
forming the fossil fuel petroleum requires deposition and burial of decaying vegetation & vegetation is a part of the biosphere & fossil fuel is a part of the lithosphere | the formation of petroleum cycles from biosphere to lithospehre |
soil is permeable & if something is permeable , then the water will flow through something easily | water will flow through soil easily |
brown is a kind of color & color of the soil can be used to indicate the soil component & high humus content causes the soil to be brown | if the soil has high humus content, then the soil will be brown in color |
earthworms create tunnels in soil & tunnels in soil loosen that soil | earthworms can loosen the soil |
earthworms can loosen the soil & the looseness of soil increases the ability of water to enter the soil & the looseness of soil increases the amount of oxygen in that soil | earthworms can help increase the amount of water and oxygen in the soil |
sand drains water quickly & if something drains water quickly , then that something will have little capacity to hold water | sand has little capacity to hold water |
high humus content causes the soil to be brown & humus is a source of nutrients in soil | soil with high nutrients content will be brown |
soil with high nutrients content will be brown & color of the soil can be used to indicate the soil component | brown color can be used to indicate the soil is high in nutrients |
a plant requires nutrients to grow & soil contains nutrients for plants | plants use the nutrients in soil to grow |
using resources decreases those resources & nutrients are a kind of resource | using nutrients decreases those nutrients |
plants use the nutrients in soil to grow & using nutrients decreases those nutrients | plants can decrese the nutrients in soil |
a rainforest is a kind of forest & a forest contains lots of plants / trees | a rainforest contains lots of plants |
plants can decrese the nutrients in soil & a rainforest contains lots of plants | the soil in a rainforest can be low in nutrients |
decomposition is when a decomposer recycles nutrients from dead organisms to the soil by eating those dead organisms & decomposition increases the amount of nutrients / nitrogen in the soil | decomposers can increase the amount of nutrients in the soil |
decomposers can increase the amount of nutrients in the soil & an earthworm is a kind of decomposer & topsoil is a kind of soil | earthworms can increase the amount of nutrients in the topsoil |
potassium is a kind of nutrient for plant growth & wildfire removes the nutrients in soil sometimes & nitrogen is a kind of nutrient for plant growth & phosphorus is a kind of nutrient for plant growth | wildfire can remove the soil nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium from soil |
wildfire can remove the soil nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium from soil & if the nutrients in soil is removed , then the carrying capacity of soil for plant will be reduced | wildfire can cause the carrying capacity of soil for plant to be reduced |
decaying plant is a kind of organic matter & organic matter is a source of nutrients in soil | decaying plant is a source of nutrients in soil |
decaying plant is a source of nutrients in soil & fertile soil has a high number of nutrients | decaying plant can make the soil fertile |
rain is a kind of precipitation & a storm is a source of precipitation | a storm is a source of rain |
a storm is a source of rain & a thunderstorm is a kind of storm | a thunderstorm is a source of rain |
a thunderstorm is a source of rain & cold fronts cause thunderstorms as they pass by | cold fronts can cause thudnerstorms of rain as they pass by |
prevailing westerlies are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude & united states are located in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude | prevailing westerlies are prevailing winds that move from west to east across the united states |
prevailing westerlies are prevailing winds that move from west to east across the united states & wind can make air masses to move in the same direction | the prevailing westerlies move air masses from west to east across the united states |
the prevailing westerlies move air masses from west to east across the united states & jet streams may deflect the air masses moved by the prevailing westerlies | the prevailing westerlies move air masses from west to east accross the united states but may be deflected by the jet streams |
a storm is a source of precipitation & snow is a kind of precipitation & rain is a kind of precipitation | a storm is a source of rain / snow |
a storm is a source of rain / snow & a thunderstorm is a kind of storm | a thunderstorm is a source of rain / snow |
a thunderstorm is a source of rain / snow & cold fronts cause thunderstorms as they pass by | cold fronts will cause rain / snow as they pass by |
the ground radiates solar energy into air & solar energy can warm up the air | the solar energy radiated by the ground can warm up air |
if gas is heated then that gas will rise & air is a kind of gas | if air is heated then air will rise |
the solar energy radiated by the ground can warm up air & if air is heated then air will rise | the solar energy radiated by the ground can cause the air to rise |
the solar energy radiated by the ground can cause the air to rise & travelling up a mountain side is a kind of rising | the solar energy radiated by the ground can cause the air to travel up a mountain side |
the air mass over the ocean is warm & the air mass formed close to the ocean is humid in moisture | the air mass over the ocean is warm and humid |
unstable air mass can cause a thunderstorm & warm and humid air masses are usually unstable | warm and humid air masses can cause thunderstorms |
the air mass over the ocean is warm and humid & warm and humid air masses can cause thunderstorms | the warm and humid air mass over the ocean can cause thunderstorms |
the warm and humid air mass over the ocean can cause thunderstorms & thunderstorms are a source of rainfall | the warm and humid air mass over the ocean can cause rainfall |
mountains can cause the water in the air mass to condense & mountain is a kind of geographic obstacles | mountain is the geographic obstacle that can cause the water in the air mass to condense |
a fly is a kind of insect & rolling in mud can be used to avoid insect bites by an animal & a moose is a kind of animal | rolling in mud can be used to avoid fly bites by a moose |
rolling in mud can be used to avoid fly bites by a moose & rolling in mud is a learned behavior | a moose rolling in mud to avoid fly bites is a kind of learned behavior |
snow is a kind of precipitation & grey clouds are a source of precipitation | grey clouds can be a source of snow |
condensation causes clouds to form & if something causes a process then that something is required for that process | condensation is required for clouds to form |
when warm air mass passes over cold air mass, the water vapor in the warm air mass will condense & a warm front is when warm air mass passes over a cold air mass | a warm front will cause the water vapor to condense |
a warm front will cause the water vapor to condense & clouds are formed by water vapor condensing | a warm front causes clouds to form |
a warm front causes clouds to form & cloudy means the presence of clouds in the sky | a warm front causes the the sky to be cloudy |
a warm front causes clouds to form & clouds produce rain | a warm front causes it to rain |
a warm front causes it to rain & if it is raining, then the weather will be rainy | a warm front causes the weather to be rainy |
a warm front causes the the sky to be cloudy & a warm front causes the weather to be rainy | a warm front causes cloudy and rainy weather |
clouds are formed by water vapor rising into colder regions of the atmosphere and condensing & water vapor is a kind of gas | the condensation of water vapor causes cloud to form |
temperature is a measure of heat energy & condensing means a substance changes from a gas into a liquid by decreasing heat energy | decreased temperature will cause a substance to condense from a gas to a liquid |
decreased temperature will cause a substance to condense from a gas to a liquid & water vapor is water in gas state & water droplets are water in liquid state | decreased temperature will cause water vapor to condense to water droplets |
temperature is a property of weather & the properties of something are used for describing that something & sky conditions are a property of weather | sky and temperature are used to describe weather |
the sun is the source of solar energy called sunlight & solar energy causes the weather patterns | the sun causes the weather patterns |
erosion is when wind transports sediments & sand is a kind of sediment & deposition is when wind deposits sediments | wind erosion and deposition can transport and deposit sand |
wind erosion and deposition can transport and deposit sand & sand dunes are formed by the wind transporting and depositing sand | sand dunes are formed by wind erosion and deposition |
a landslide is when water / gravity rapidly moves rocks / soil downhill especially after a rain storm & erosion / storms can cause a landslide | erosion causes rocks and soil to move downhill |
erosion causes rocks and soil to move downhill & a mountain is made of rocks / soil | erosion can cause the rocks and soil on a mountain to move downhill |
erosion is when moving water transports sediments from one place to another place for a long distance & flowing water is a kind of moving water | flowing water can cause erosion |
flood is the water that overflows the river bank & a riverbank is made of soil | when it floods, water will overflow the soil on the river bank |
when it floods, water will overflow the soil on the river bank & a flood is a kind of moving water & soil erosion is when moving water moves soil from fields / environments | a flood overflowing the riverbank will cause soil erosion |
sand dunes / arches are formed by the wind transporting and depositing sand & erosion is when wind transports sediments from one place to another place for a long distance | wind erosion can form sand dunes and arches |
weather is a source of wind and water for weathering & sometimes weathering smooths / rounds rocks | weathering by wind and water sometimes smooths rocks |
erosion is when wind / moving water transports sediments from one place to another place for a long distance & sand is a kind of sediment | erosion can transport sand from one place to another place |
erosion can transport sand from one place to another place & new sand is brought from other places and spread on the beaches | new sand is brought to the beach by erosion |
erosion usually occurs over a period of many years which is considered a long time & water causes soil and rock erosion | water will cause erosion to the rock over a long period of time |
grass is a kind of plant & in the erosion process roots of plants are an inhibitor & the grasses are removed from the land | the inhibitor of the erosion process is removed |
the inhibitor of the erosion process is removed & the grasses are removed from the land & removing an inhibitor of a process causes that process | removal of grasses from the land will cause erosion |
wind and rain cause erosion & soil erosion is when wind and moving water moves soil from fields / environments | wind and rain can cause soil erosion |
removal of grasses from the land will cause erosion & wind and rain can cause soil erosion | removal of grasses from the land will cause wind and rain to erode the soil |
soil loss causes grooves in soil & soil erosion means soil loss through wind / water / animals | soil erosion caused by water will cause grooves in soil |
soil erosion caused by water will cause grooves in soil & rainwater is a kind of water | rainwater can cause grooves in soil |
rainwater can cause grooves in soil & a riverbank is made of soil | rainwater can cause grooves in a riverbank |
rocks interacting with moving water over long periods of time causes weathering & sometimes weathering smooths rocks | moving water interacting with rocks would smooth the rocks |
moving water interacting with rocks would smooth the rocks & waves are made of moving water | waves interacting with rocks can smooth rocks |
waves interacting with rocks can smooth rocks & a pebble is a kind of small rock | waves interacting with pebbles can smooth pebbles |
rain causes erosion & erosion decreases the amount of nutrients in soil | rain can decrease the amount of nutrients in soil |
rain can decrease the amount of nutrients in soil & decreasing something can cause something to be removed | nutrients in soil can be removed by rain |
nutrients in soil can be removed by rain & removing something is a kind of change & rain is a kind of natural process | an example of a soil change caused by natural processes is nutrients in soil being removed by rain |
erosion sometimes decreases the amount of nutrients in soil & rain causes erosion | rain can decrease the amount of nutrients in soil |
abrasion changes rocks from rough into smooth and round & abrasion is a kind of weathering | abrasion is the kind of weathering that would change the rocks from rough into smooth and rough |
a mountain range contains mountains & a mountain is made of rocks | a mountain range contains mountains made of rocks |
a mountain range contains mountains made of rocks & sometimes weathering rounds rocks | weathering can round the rocks in the mountain range |
roots hold soil in place & if soil is held in place, then soil erosion can be prevented | roots help prevent soil erosion by holding soil in place |
roots help prevent soil erosion by holding soil in place & removing trees will decrease the roots in the soil | removing trees will increase soil erosion by decreasing the roots holding the soil in place |
when water freezes , that water expands & if there is a crack in a rock, then water can get into the crack | if water freezes in the crack of the rock, then water will expand in the crack |
if water freezes in the crack of the rock, then water will expand in the crack & if water expands in a crack in a rock, then the rock will break apart | if water freezes in the crack of the rock, then the rock will break apart by water expanding when it freezes |
soil is formed by weathering & weathering means breaking down rocks from a larger whole into smaller pieces | soil is formed by breaking down rocks from a larger whole into smaller pieces |
scraping an object may cause small particles to break off of that object & a rock is a kind of object | scraping a rock may cause small particles to break off the whole rock |
scraping a rock may cause small particles to break off the whole rock & glacier may scrape rocks when it moves | glacier can scrape a rock and cause small particles to break off the whole rock |
very small rocks / minerals are kinds of of small particles & soil is made of very small rocks / minerals | soil is made of small particles of rock / minerals |
glacier can scrape a rock and cause small particles to break off the whole rock & soil is made of small particles of rock / minerals | the small particles of a rock scraped by the glacier can make up soil |
rocks interacting with wind and moving water over long periods of time causes weathering & weathering means breaking down rocks from a larger whole into smaller pieces by weather / mechanical means | interacting with wind and moving water causes the rocks to be broken down from a larger whole into smaller pieces |
a boulder is a kind of rock & weathering means breaking down rocks from a larger whole into smaller pieces by mechanical means | breaking down a boulder from a larger whole into smaller pieces is an example of weathering |
breaking down a boulder from a larger whole into smaller pieces is an example of weathering & a crack is formed by breaking the whole | cracks will be formed by the weathering of a boulder |
cycles of freezing and thawing water cause ice wedging & ice wedging is a kind of mechanical weathering | cycles of freezing and thawing water cause mechanical weathering |
cycles of freezing and thawing water cause mechanical weathering & mechanical weathering means breaking down rocks from a larger whole into smaller pieces by mechanical means | rocks will be broken down from a larger whole into smaller pieces by cycles of freezing and thawing water |
cycles of freezing and thawing water cause ice wedging & ice wedging is a kind of mechanical weathering | cycles of freezing and thawing water cause mechanical weathering |
cycles of freezing and thawing water cause mechanical weathering & mechanical weathering means breaking down rocks from a larger whole into smaller pieces by mechanical means | cycles of freezing and thawing water will break down rocks from larger whole into smaller pieces |
ice wedging is a kind of mechanical weathering & cycles of freezing and thawing water cause ice wedging | cycles of freezing and thawing water cause mechanical weathering |