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Bay_Area_Discovery_Museum | The Bay Area Discovery Museum is a children 's museum located in Sausalito , California inside the Golden Gate National Recreation Area , which is right at the foot of the Golden Gate Bridge . The museum 's mission is `` to transform research in early learning experience that inspire creative problem solving '' so that children will gain skills to become the innovative problem solvers of tomorrow . The museum is geared to children from 6 months to 10 years of age with different areas of the museum tailored to a specific age group . Children have the options of exploring the 6 different sections of the museum : Art Studios , Bay Hall , Discovery Hall , Lookout Cove , Tot Spot , and Fab Lab . Each area is designed in a way to support and further the mission of the museum and provides hands-on , child-directed exploration that ignites creative thinking , flexible problem-solving , and exciting discoveries . All Museum exhibitions , both indoor and outdoor areas , are hands-on and play focused . In fact , Bay Area Discovery Museum is the only children 's museum in the country to be located inside a National Park . |
Barry_Callebaut | Barry Callebaut is among the world 's largest cocoa producers and grinders , with an average annual production of 1.7 million tonnes of cocoa . It was created in 1996 through the merging of the Belgian chocolate producer Callebaut and the French company Cacao Barry . It is currently based in Zürich , Switzerland , and operates in over 30 countries worldwide . It was created in its present form by Klaus Johann Jacobs . Its customers include multinational and national branded consumer goods manufacturers and artisanal users of chocolate ( chocolatiers , pastry chefs , bakeries , and caterers ) . In addition to manufacture , the company undertakes research into chocolate recipes : for example , in recent years , it has launched tooth-friendly chocolate , probiotic chocolate , chocolate with a high level of antioxidants ( sold under the brand name ACTICOA ) , and `` rebalanced '' chocolate , which has an improved nutritional profile . These improvements are based under Callebaut 's innovation strategy : Health and wellness , experience and indulgence , and convenience . |
Beverly_Peele | Beverly Peele ( born March 18 , 1975 ) is an American model and actress . Peele rose to fame in the late 1980s and 1990s , appearing mostly in Mademoiselle and Elle magazine . She appeared on over 250 fashion magazine covers . |
Beth_Allen | Elizabeth `` Beth '' Grace Nell Allen ( born 28 May 1984 in Auckland , New Zealand ) has been acting since an early age and has appeared in several small productions and commercials since 1993 . Her first major television role was in Cloud 9 's The Legend of William Tell in 1998 , in which she played Princess Vara . Internationally known for her role as Amber in The Tribe , she took on the role in 1998 for the first series , before deciding to leave the show to concentrate on her school work . She later returned for another three seasons . |
Behind_the_Mask_(Michael_Jackson_song) | `` Behind the Mask '' is a song written and originally recorded by Japanese electronic band Yellow Magic Orchestra . In 1982 , a cover version was recorded by American singer Michael Jackson for his album Thriller , but managerial disputes prevented its release . On February 21 , 2011 , the song was released by Epic Records as the third single from the posthumous album Michael . Shanice provides background vocals on the song . |
Betty_Holekamp | Betty Holekamp ( 1826 -- 1902 ) was a German colonist and pioneer in Texas . She is recognized for several `` firsts '' as a Texas pioneer , such as being the first to sew an American flag upon Texas 's acceptance into the Union , and thus is known as the Betsy Ross of Texas . She was also among the first residents in four Texas Hill Country communities : New Braunfels , Fredericksburg , Sisterdale , and Comfort . |
Bill_Hodges | William Oscar Hodges ( born March 9 , 1943 ) is an American basketball coach . He was the head basketball coach at Indiana State University from 1978 to 1982 , at Georgia College and State University from 1986 to 1991 and at Mercer University from 1991 to 1997 . As an assistant basketball coach at Indiana State University , he recruited Larry Bird after Bird had dropped out of Indiana University . Before the start of the 1978 -- 79 season , he got the Indiana State University job after head coach Bob King suffered a brain aneurysm . He led the Sycamores to a second-place finish in the 1979 NCAA Men 's Division I Basketball Tournament . During that year , he won several coach of the year awards , including the UPI 's and AP 's . The Sycamores were selected as the United Press International Collegiate Champions . His later Indiana State teams would never reach the same heights , leading to his resignation from ISU after the 1982 season . Hodges is currently # 7 in coaching wins at Indiana State with a record of 67 -- 48 ( .583 ) and # 5 in wins at Mercer with a record of 62 -- 107 ( .367 ) . His record at Georgia College was 110 -- 53 ( .675 ) . His overall collegiate head coaching record is 239 -- 208 ( .535 ) . Hodges is a graduate of Purdue University . His last coaching stint was at North Cross School in Roanoke , Virginia from 2011 to 2013 , where he led the Raiders to the VISAA state tournament where they upset Carlisle School in the semifinals and went on to play for the state title , but came up just short . He currently coaches at the The Villages Charter High School in The Villages , Florida as of the 2016 -- 17 season . Inducted in 1999 , Hodges is a member of the Indiana State University Athletic Hall of Fame as part of the 1978 -- 79 men 's basketball team . Hodges also coached golf at Armstrong Atlantic State University before moving to Indiana State . He is also a Vietnam-era veteran of the United States Air Force . |
Biography | A biography , or simply bio , is a detailed description of a person 's life . It involves more than just the basic facts like education , work , relationships , and death ; it portrays a person 's experience of these life events . Unlike a profile or curriculum vitae ( résumé ) , a biography presents a subject 's life story , highlighting various aspects of his or her life , including intimate details of experience , and may include an analysis of the subject 's personality . Biographical works are usually non-fiction , but fiction can also be used to portray a person 's life . One in-depth form of biographical coverage is called legacy writing . Works in diverse media , from literature to film , form the genre known as biography . An authorized biography is written with the permission , cooperation , and at times , participation of a subject or a subject 's heirs . An autobiography is written by the person himself or herself , sometimes with the assistance of a collaborator or ghostwriter . |
Battleship | A battleship is a large armored warship with a main battery consisting of large caliber guns . During the late 19th and early 20th centuries the battleship was the most powerful type of warship , and a fleet of battleships was vital for any nation that desired to maintain command of the sea . The word battleship was coined around 1794 and is a contraction of the phrase line-of-battle ship , the dominant wooden warship during the Age of Sail . The term came into formal use in the late 1880s to describe a type of ironclad warship , now referred to by historians as pre-dreadnought battleships . In 1906 , the commissioning of heralded a revolution in battleship design . Subsequent battleship designs , influenced by HMS Dreadnought , were referred to as `` dreadnoughts '' . Battleships were a symbol of naval dominance and national might , and for decades the battleship was a major factor in both diplomacy and military strategy . A global arms race in battleship construction began in Europe in the 1890s and culminated at the decisive Battle of Tsushima in 1905 ; the outcome of which significantly influenced the design of HMS Dreadnought . The launch of Dreadnought in 1906 commenced a new naval arms race . Three major fleet actions between steel battleships took place : the decisive battles of the Yellow Sea ( 1904 ) and Tsushima ( 1905 ) during the Russo-Japanese War , and the inconclusive Battle of Jutland ( 1916 ) during the First World War . Jutland was the largest naval battle and the only full-scale clash of battleships in the war , and it was the last major battle fought primarily by battleships in world history . The Naval Treaties of the 1920s and 1930s limited the number of battleships , though technical innovation in battleship design continued . Both the Allied and Axis powers built battleships during World War II , though the increasing importance of the aircraft carrier meant that the battleship played a less important role than had been expected . The value of the battleship has been questioned , even during their heyday . There were few of the decisive fleet battles that battleship proponents expected , and used to justify the vast resources spent on building battlefleets . Even in spite of their huge firepower and protection , battleships were increasingly vulnerable to much smaller , cheaper weapons : initially the torpedo and the naval mine , and later aircraft and the guided missile . The growing range of naval engagements led to the aircraft carrier replacing the battleship as the leading capital ship during World War II , with the last battleship to be launched being in 1944 . Battleships were retained by the United States Navy into the Cold War for fire support purposes before being stricken from the U.S. Naval Vessel Register in the 2000s . |
Battle_of_Agincourt | The Battle of Agincourt ( -LSB- ˈæʒɪnkʊr -RSB- in French , Azincourt -LSB- azɛ̃kuʁ -RSB- ) was a major English victory in the Hundred Years ' War . The battle took place on Friday , 25 October 1415 ( Saint Crispin 's Day ) in the County of Saint-Pol , Artois , some 40 km south of Calais ( now Azincourt in northern France ) . Henry V 's victory at Agincourt , against a numerically superior French army , crippled France and started a new period in the war during which Henry V married the French king 's daughter , and their son , later Henry VI of England and Henry II of France , was made heir to the throne of France as well as of England . Henry V led his troops into battle and participated in hand-to-hand fighting . The French king of the time , Charles VI , did not command the French army himself , as he suffered from severe psychotic illnesses with moderate mental incapacitation . Instead , the French were commanded by Constable Charles d'Albret and various prominent French noblemen of the Armagnac party . This battle is notable for the use of the English longbow in very large numbers , with the English and Welsh archers forming up to 80 percent of Henry 's army . The battle is the centrepiece of the play Henry V by William Shakespeare . |
Basketball_at_the_Summer_Olympics | Basketball at the Summer Olympics has been a sport for men consistently since 1936 . Prior to its inclusion as a medal sport , basketball was held as a demonstration event in 1904 . Women 's basketball has been played in the Summer Olympics since its first appearance in 1976 . The United States is by far the most successful country in Olympic basketball , with United States men 's teams having won 15 of 18 tournaments in which they participated , including seven consecutive titles from 1936 through 1968 . United States women 's teams have won 8 titles out of the 10 tournaments in which they competed , including six in a row from 1996 to 2016 . Besides the United States , Argentina is the only nation still in existence who has won either the men 's or women 's tournament . The Soviet Union , Yugoslavia and the Unified Team are the countries no longer in existence who have won the tournament . |
Betsy_Hodges | Elizabeth A. `` Betsy '' Hodges ( born September 7 , 1969 ) is the mayor of Minneapolis . A member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party , she represented Ward 13 on the Minneapolis City Council from January 2006 until January 2014 . Hodges was reelected to the city council in the 2009 Minneapolis municipal elections . Hodges won the 2013 Minneapolis mayoral election and was inaugurated on January 2 , 2014 . |
Ben-Hur_(2016_film) | Ben-Hur is a 2016 American historical epic film directed by Timur Bekmambetov and written by Keith Clarke and John Ridley . It is the fifth film adaptation of the 1880 novel Ben-Hur : A Tale of the Christ by Lew Wallace following the 1907 silent film , the 1925 silent film , the Academy Award-winning 1959 film and the 2003 animated film of the same name . It has been termed a `` re-adaptation '' , `` reimagining '' , and `` new interpretation '' of the novel . The film stars Jack Huston , Morgan Freeman , Toby Kebbell , Nazanin Boniadi , Haluk Bilginer , and Rodrigo Santoro . Principal photography began on February 2 , 2015 in Matera , Italy and lasted about five months , finishing in June 2015 . Ben-Hur premiered on August 9 , 2016 in Mexico City and was theatrically released by Paramount Pictures and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer on August 19 , 2016 in the United States in 2D , 3D , RealD 3D , Digital 3D , and IMAX 3D . The film received generally negative reviews and was a box office bomb , grossing $ 94.1 million worldwide against its $ 100 million production budget plus a large amount spent on marketing and distribution . |
Ben_Folds | Benjamin Scott `` Ben '' Folds ( born September 12 , 1966 ) is an American singer-songwriter and record producer . From 1995 to 2000 , Folds was the frontman and pianist of the alternative rock band Ben Folds Five . After the group temporarily disbanded , Folds performed as a solo artist and has toured all over the world . The group reunited in 2011 . He has also collaborated with musicians such as William Shatner , Regina Spektor and `` Weird Al '' Yankovic and undertaken experimental songwriting projects with authors such as Nick Hornby and Neil Gaiman . In addition to contributing music to the soundtracks of the animated films Over the Hedge , and Hoodwinked ! , Folds produced Amanda Palmer 's first solo album and was a judge on the NBC a cappella singing contest The Sing-Off from 2009 to 2013 . |
Bex_Taylor-Klaus | Bex Taylor-Klaus ( born Rebecca Edison Taylor-Klaus ; August 12 , 1994 ) is an American actress . She is best known for the roles of Bullet on The Killing , Sin on Arrow , Lex on House of Lies , Audrey Jensen on the Scream series of the eponymous franchise , and the voice of Katie `` Pidge '' Holt on the Netflix series Voltron : Legendary Defender . |
Bernreuter_Personality_Inventory | The Bernreuter Personality Inventory is a personality test developed by Robert G. Bernreuter in 1931 measuring general personality . It is sometimes cited as the first multi-scale personality questionnaire . It consists of 125 yes or no question which yield six scores : neurotic tendency , self-sufficiency , introversion-extraversion , dominance-submission , sociability , and confidence . A 1936 survey of members of the American Psychological Association found that the Bernreuter Personality Inventory was the most well known psychological test . The inventory became widely used quickly after it was first published , but also attracted many critics who questioned its usefulness and theoretical basis . The test was sold by the Stanford University Press , priced at $ 1.75 for 25 administrations . The test incorporated questions from the Thurstone Personality Schedule and others . The test was originally developed with four scales ( neurotic tendency , self-sufficiency , introversion-extraversion , dominance-submission ) chosen with items chosen logically . The other two scales ( sociability , and confidence ) came from a factor analysis by John C. Flanagan . The `` Flanagan keys '' eventually were incorporated into the published version of the test . |
Big_Top_(U.S._TV_series) | Big Top was a children 's television show that aired on CBS from July 1 , 1950 to 1957 . The cast included Ed McMahon , Johnny Carson 's longtime sidekick , as Ed the Clown and America 's Most Muscular Man Dan Lurie as `` Sealtest Dan The Muscle Man '' . The series first aired in Primetime from its debut until January 6 , 1951 , it then moved to Saturday mornings for the remainder of its run , The program originated live from the 32nd St. and Lancaster Ave. Philadelphia Armory . |
Bay_Buchanan | Angela Marie `` Bay '' Buchanan ( born December 23 , 1948 ) is a prominent conservative political commentator who served as Treasurer of the United States under President Ronald Reagan . She is also the sister of conservative political commentator Pat Buchanan . |
Bartholomew_I_of_Constantinople | Bartholomew I ( Πατριάρχης Βαρθολομαῖος Α ' , Patriarchis Bartholomaios A ' , Patrik I. Bartholomeos born 29 February 1940 ) is the 270th and current Archbishop of Constantinople and Ecumenical Patriarch , since 2 November 1991 . In the Eastern Orthodox Church , he is regarded as the primus inter pares ( first among equals ) , and as the spiritual leader of Orthodox Christians worldwide whereas the public opinion of the demographic majority of the Orthodox countries other than Greek regard the Patriarch of Moscow or their national patriarch as the `` highest authority of the Orthodox Church '' . Born Dimitrios Arhondonis ( Δημήτριος Αρχοντώνης , Dimítrios Archontónis ) , in the village of Agios Theodoros ( Zeytinli Köyü ) on the island of Imbros ( later renamed Gökçeada by Turkey ) , after his graduation he held a position at the Patriarchal Theological Seminary of Halki , where he was ordained a priest . Later , he served as Metropolitan of Philadelphia and Chalcedon and he became a member of the Holy Synod as well as other committees , prior to his enthronement as Ecumenical Patriarch . Bartholomew 's tenure has been characterized by intra-Orthodox cooperation , inter-Christian and inter-religious dialogue , as well as by formal visits to Roman Catholic , Old Catholic , Orthodox and Muslim leaders seldom previously visited by an Ecumenical Patriarch . He has exchanged numerous invitations of Church and State dignitaries . His efforts to promote religious freedom and human rights , his initiatives to advance religious tolerance among the world 's religions , as well as his efforts to promote ecology and the protection of the environment , have been widely noted , and these endeavors have earned him the title `` The Green Patriarch '' . Among his many international positions , he currently sits on the Board of World Religious Leaders for the Elijah Interfaith Institute . |
Billboard_Year-End_Hot_100_singles_of_2010 | Billboard publishes annual lists of songs based on chart performance over the course of a year based on Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems and SoundScan information . For 2010 , the list for the top 100 Billboard Hot 100 Year-End songs was published on December 8 , calculated with data from December 5 , 2009 to November 27 , 2010 . At the number-one position was Kesha 's `` Tik Tok '' , which stayed atop the Hot 100 for nine weeks . This achievement made her the first female in the history of the chart to top the Year-End Hot 100 with a debut single . |
Beau_Mirchoff | William Beau Mirchoff ( -LSB- ˈbou _ 'm ɜrtʃɒf -RSB- born January 13 , 1989 ) is an American-Canadian actor best known for his role in the MTV series Awkward . |
Benjamin_Franklin | Benjamin Franklin FRS , FRSE ( April 17 , 1790 ) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States . Franklin was a renowned polymath and a leading author , printer , political theorist , politician , freemason , postmaster , scientist , inventor , civic activist , statesman , and diplomat . As a scientist , he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity . As an inventor , he is known for the lightning rod , bifocals , and the Franklin stove , among other inventions . He facilitated many civic organizations , including Philadelphia 's fire department and the University of Pennsylvania , an Ivy League institution . Franklin earned the title of `` The First American '' for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity , initially as an author and spokesman in London for several colonies . As the first United States Ambassador to France , he exemplified the emerging American nation . Franklin was foundational in defining the American ethos as a marriage of the practical values of thrift , hard work , education , community spirit , self-governing institutions , and opposition to authoritarianism both political and religious , with the scientific and tolerant values of the Enlightenment . In the words of historian Henry Steele Commager , `` In a Franklin could be merged the virtues of Puritanism without its defects , the illumination of the Enlightenment without its heat . '' To Walter Isaacson , this makes Franklin `` the most accomplished American of his age and the most influential in inventing the type of society America would become . '' Franklin became a successful newspaper editor and printer in Philadelphia , the leading city in the colonies , publishing the Pennsylvania Gazette at the age of 23 . He became wealthy publishing this and Poor Richard 's Almanack , which he authored under the pseudonym `` Richard Saunders '' . After 1767 , he was associated with the Pennsylvania Chronicle , a newspaper that was known for its revolutionary sentiments and criticisms of the British policies . He pioneered and was first president of The Academy and College of Philadelphia which opened in 1751 and later became the University of Pennsylvania . He organized and was the first secretary of the American Philosophical Society and was elected president in 1769 . Franklin became a national hero in America as an agent for several colonies when he spearheaded an effort in London to have the Parliament of Great Britain repeal the unpopular Stamp Act . An accomplished diplomat , he was widely admired among the French as American minister to Paris and was a major figure in the development of positive Franco-American relations . His efforts proved vital for the American Revolution in securing shipments of crucial munitions from France . He was promoted to deputy postmaster-general for the British colonies in 1753 , having been Philadelphia postmaster for many years , and this enabled him to set up the first national communications network . During the Revolution , he became the first US Postmaster General . He was active in community affairs and colonial and state politics , as well as national and international affairs . From 1785 to 1788 , he served as governor of Pennsylvania . He initially owned and dealt in slaves but , by the 1750s , he argued against slavery from an economic perspective and became one of the most prominent abolitionists . His colorful life and legacy of scientific and political achievement , and his status as one of America 's most influential Founding Fathers have seen Franklin honored more than two centuries after his death on coinage and the $ 100 bill , warships , and the names of many towns , counties , educational institutions , and corporations , as well as countless cultural references . |
Bell_hooks | Gloria Jean Watkins ( born September 25 , 1952 ) , better known by her pen name bell hooks , is an American author , feminist , and social activist . The name `` bell hooks '' is derived from that of her maternal great-grandmother , Bell Blair Hooks . The focus of hooks 's writing has been the intersectionality of race , capitalism , and gender , and what she describes as their ability to produce and perpetuate systems of oppression and class domination . She has published over 30 books and numerous scholarly articles , appeared in documentary films , and participated in public lectures . Primarily through a postmodern perspective , she has addressed race , class , and gender in education , art , history , sexuality , mass media , and feminism . In 2014 , she founded the bell hooks institute at Berea College in Berea , Kentucky . |
Battle_of_Talas | The Battle of Talas , Battle of Talas River , or Battle of Artlakh was a military engagement between the Arab Abbasid Caliphate along with their ally the Tibetan Empire against the Chinese Tang dynasty , governed at the time by Emperor Xuanzong . In July 751 AD , Tang and Abbasid forces met in the valley of the Talas River to vie for control of the Syr Darya region of central Asia . After a stalemate in several days of combat , the Tang lost the battle because the Karluks defected from the Tang side to the Abbasid side . The defeat marked the end of Tang westward territorial expansion , resulting in Muslim control of Transoxiana for the next four hundred years . Control of this region was economically beneficial for the Abbasids because it was on the Silk Road . Historians debate whether or not Chinese prisoners captured in the aftermath of the battle brought paper-making technology to the Middle East , where it eventually spread to Europe . |
Beauty_and_the_Beast_(1991_soundtrack) | Beauty and the Beast : Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the official soundtrack album to the 1991 Disney animated feature film , Beauty and the Beast . Originally released on October 29 , 1991 , by Walt Disney Records , the album 's first half -- tracks 2 to 9 -- generally contains the film 's musical numbers , all of which were written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Howard Ashman , while its latter half -- tracks 10 to 14 -- features its musical score , composed solely by Menken . While the majority of the album 's content remains within the musical theatre genre , its songs have also been influenced by French , classical , pop and Broadway music . Credited to Various Artists , Beauty and the Beast : Original Motion Picture Soundtrack features performances by the film 's main cast -- Paige O'Hara , Richard White , Jesse Corti , Jerry Orbach , Angela Lansbury and Robby Benson -- in order of appearance . Additionally , the album features recording artists Celine Dion and Peabo Bryson , who perform a pop rendition of the film 's title and theme song , `` Beauty and the Beast '' , which simultaneously serves as the soundtrack 's only single . Following a difficult period during where Walt Disney Feature Animation struggled to release successful animated feature films , the studio , inspired by their most recent animated success The Little Mermaid ( 1989 ) , decided to adapt the fairy tale `` Beauty and the Beast '' into an animated musical film after a non-musical adaptation had been attempted that failed to impress Disney CEO Jeffrey Katzenberg . Katzenberg ordered that production on the film be started over from scratch , hiring songwriting team Howard Ashman and Alan Menken , who had just recently completed scoring The Little Mermaid , to write the film 's songs . Dion and Bryson were hired to record a pop version of -- and draw media attention to -- the film 's title song . Ashman , who was initially hesitant to join the project , died of AIDS before the film 's completion and the album 's release . Much like Beauty and the Beast , the soundtrack was a massive critical success , receiving universal praise and recognition from both film and music critics . The music featured on the album won several awards , including the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score , the Academy Award for Best Original Score and the Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television . Its title track and only single , `` Beauty and the Beast '' , achieved similar success , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song , Academy Award for Best Original Song and Grammy Awards for both Best Song Written for Visual Media and Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals . The soundtrack was also nominated for a Grammy Award for Album of the Year . In 2001 , the soundtrack was re-released as a Special Edition to coincide with the IMAX re-issue of the film and the two-disc Platinum Edition . The new release featured the film version of `` Transformation '' , which had been replaced with an early unused version in some early pressings , the newly animated song `` Human Again '' , the original instrumental intended for the `` Transformation '' scene , ( titled `` Death of the Beast ( Early Version ) '' here ) and demos for `` Be Our Guest '' and the title track . In October 2010 , the soundtrack was re-released again as a Diamond Edition soundtrack , to coincide with the successful Blu-ray and DVD Diamond Edition release of the film , the 1991 version of the soundtrack was released and included Jordin Sparks ' cover of `` Beauty and the Beast '' as a bonus track . |
Beat'n_Down_Yo_Block! | Beat 'n Down Yo Block ! is the debut album from Atlanta-based rapper Unk . It was released October 3 , 2006 . Beat 'n Down Yo Block ! features many prominent southern rappers , among them D.G. Yola , Baby D and Dem Franchize Boyz . It also features production by Jazze Pha . Koch Records re-released an expanded edition of the album on September 25 , 2007 , featuring previously unreleased tracks and a bonus DVD . |
Battle_of_Tours | The Battle of Tours ( 10 October 732 ) -- also called the Battle of Poitiers and , by Arab sources , the Battle of the Palace of the Martyrs ( -LSB- معركة بلاط الشهداء , Ma'arakat Balāṭ ash-Shuhadā ' -RSB- ) -- was fought between Frankish and Burgundian forces under Charles Martel against an army of the Umayyad Caliphate led by ` Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi , Governor-General of al-Andalus . It was fought in an area between the cities of Poitiers and Tours , in north-central France , near the village of Moussais-la-Bataille , about 20 km northeast of Poitiers . The location of the battle was close to the border between the Frankish realm and then-independent Aquitaine . The Franks were victorious . ` Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi was killed , and Charles subsequently extended his authority in the south . Details of the battle , including its exact location and the number of combatants , can not be determined from accounts that have survived . Notably , the Frankish troops won the battle without cavalry . Ninth-century chroniclers , who interpreted the outcome of the battle as divine judgment in his favour , gave Charles the nickname Martellus ( `` The Hammer '' ) . Later Christian chroniclers and pre-20th century historians praised Charles Martel as the champion of Christianity , characterizing the battle as the decisive turning point in the struggle against Islam , a struggle which preserved Christianity as the religion of Europe ; according to modern military historian Victor Davis Hanson , `` most of the 18th and 19th century historians , like Gibbon , saw Poitiers ( Tours ) , as a landmark battle that marked the high tide of the Muslim advance into Europe . '' Leopold von Ranke felt that `` Poitiers was the turning point of one of the most important epochs in the history of the world . '' There is little dispute that the battle helped lay the foundations of the Carolingian Empire and Frankish domination of Europe for the next century . Most historians agree that `` the establishment of Frankish power in western Europe shaped that continent 's destiny and the Battle of Tours confirmed that power . '' |
Ben_Best_(screenwriter) | Ben Best is an American screenwriter and actor . He is the co-creator and co-writer of the television show Eastbound & Down . He also co wrote the films The Foot Fist Way and Your Highness . As an actor , he appears in The Foot Fist Way as washed-up martial arts movie star Chuck `` The Truck '' Wallace . He also appears in Superbad , What Happens in Vegas , Observe and Report and Eastbound & Down . |
Betsy_Palmer | Betsy Palmer ( born Patricia Betsy Hrunek ; November 1 , 1926 -- May 29 , 2015 ) was an American actress , known as a regular supporting movie and Broadway actress and television guest star , as a panelist on the game show I 've Got a Secret , and later for playing Jason Voorhees ' mother , Pamela Voorhees , in the popular slasher film Friday the 13th . |
Ben_Hecht | Ben Hecht -LSB- ˈhɛkt -RSB- ( February 28 , 1894 -- April 18 , 1964 ) was an American screenwriter , director , producer , playwright , journalist and novelist . A journalist in his youth , he went on to write thirty-five books and some of the most entertaining screenplays and plays in America . He received screen credits , alone or in collaboration , for the stories or screenplays of some seventy films . At the age of 16 , Hecht ran away to Chicago , where in his own words he `` haunted streets , whorehouses , police stations , courtrooms , theater stages , jails , saloons , slums , madhouses , fires , murders , riots , banquet halls , and bookshops '' . In the 1910s and early 1920s , Hecht became a noted journalist , foreign correspondent , and literary figure . In the 1920s , his co-authored , reporter-themed play , The Front Page , became a Broadway hit . The Dictionary of Literary Biography - American Screenwriters calls him `` one of the most successful screenwriters in the history of motion pictures . '' Hecht received the first Academy Award for Original Screenplay , for Underworld ( 1927 ) . Many of the screenplays he worked on are now considered classics . He also provided story ideas for such films as Stagecoach ( 1939 ) . Film historian Richard Corliss called him `` the Hollywood screenwriter '' , someone who `` personified Hollywood itself . '' In 1940 , he wrote , produced , and directed , Angels Over Broadway , which was nominated for Best Screenplay . In total , six of his movie screenplays were nominated for Academy Awards , with two winning . He became an active Zionist shortly before the Holocaust began in Germany , and wrote articles and plays about the plight of European Jews , such as , We Will Never Die in 1943 and A Flag is Born in 1946 . Of his seventy to ninety screenplays , he wrote many anonymously to avoid the British boycott of his work in the late 1940s and early 1950s . The boycott was a response to Hecht 's active support of paramilitary action against British forces in Palestine and sabotaging British property there ( see below ) , during which time a supply ship to Palestine was named the S. S. Ben Hecht . According to his autobiography , he never spent more than eight weeks on a script . In 1983 , 19 years after his death , Ben Hecht was posthumously inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame . |
Benny_Blanco | Benjamin Levin ( born March 8 , 1988 ) , known professionally as Benny Blanco , is a songwriter , record producer , musician , keyboardist , remixer and record label owner . He has written , co-written , produced , and co-produced songs for artists including Ed Sheeran ( `` Do n't '' and `` Castle on the Hill '' ) , Justin Bieber ( `` Love Yourself '' ) , Major Lazer ( `` Cold Water '' ) , Maroon 5 ( `` Moves like Jagger '' , `` Do n't Wan na Know '' , `` Payphone '' , `` Maps '' , `` Animals '' ) , Katy Perry ( `` Teenage Dream '' , `` California Gurls '' ) , Rihanna ( `` Diamonds '' ) , Kesha ( `` Tik Tok '' ) , Taio Cruz ( `` Dynamite '' ) , Wiz Khalifa ( `` Work Hard , Play Hard '' ) , Gym Class Heroes ( `` Stereo Hearts '' ) , Tory Lanez ( `` Luv '' ) and many more . Blanco has received five BMI Songwriter of the Year Awards and is a recipient of the Hal David Starlight Award from the Songwriters Hall of Fame . He is responsible for selling over 100 million albums worldwide . |
Billboard_Year-End_Hot_100_singles_of_2016 | The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Its data , published by Billboard magazine and compiled by Nielsen SoundScan , is based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , as well as airplay and streaming . At the end of a year , Billboard will publish an annual list of the 100 most successful songs throughout that year on the Hot 100 chart based on the information . For 2016 , the list was published on December 8 , calculated with data from December 5 , 2015 to November 26 , 2016 . The 2016 list was dominated by Justin Bieber and Drake , who shared the top four spots , for the first time since 2009 the top four spots was dominated by 2 artists . For the first time in 10 years , the year-end number-one single was # 1 for five weeks or less . |
Behind_Bars_(Slick_Rick_album) | Behind Bars is the third studio album by British-American rapper Slick Rick , released November 22 , 1994 , on Def Jam Recordings . The album features production from Vance Wright , Pete Rock , Prince Paul , Large Professor , Easy Mo Bee and Warren G , as well as guest appearances by Doug E. Fresh , Nice & Smooth , and Warren G. Upon its release , Behind Bars achieved moderate chart success , peaking at number 51 on the Billboard 200 , and number 11 on the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart . The album spawned two singles , `` Behind Bars '' and `` Sittin ' in My Car , '' which made it to number 12 and number 11 on the Hot Rap Singles , respectively . |
Big_Willie_Style | Big Willie Style is the debut solo studio album by American rapper Will Smith . It was released on November 25 , 1997 , by Columbia Records . Recording sessions took place from 1996 to 1997 , with a range of several record producers that Will was working with such as Poke & Tone and his former collaborator DJ Jazzy Jeff on the album . The album reached the top ten on both the US Billboard 200 and the UK Albums Chart , and later became a certified multi-platinum in a number of regions and countries . The album was supported by five singles : `` Men in Black '' , `` Just Cruisin ' '' , `` Gettin ' Jiggy wit It '' , `` Just the Two of Us '' and `` Miami '' . After releasing five albums as part of the duo DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince , Smith turned his focus to acting , starring in films such as Bad Boys and Independence Day . During the same period he recorded his first solo album , including the single `` Men in Black '' , which is the theme song to the film of the same name , which topped singles charts in a number of countries . Big Willie Style went on to become Smith 's most commercially successful album , earning him a number of music awards and nominations . |
Bibliography_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda | This is a list of books in the English language which deal with Antigua and Barbuda and its geography , history , inhabitants , culture , biota , etc. . Cook , Rebecca , Napier Pillai , and Bernard Dickens - Abortion Laws in the Commonwealth Caribbean : Report of Team Visit - Barbados , Trinidad/Tobago , St. Vincent , Antigua , June 1977 . Gaspar , David Barry - Bondmen & Rebels : A Study of Master-Slave Relations in Antigua , with Implications for Colonial America . Harris , David R. - Plants , Animals , and Man in the Outer Leeward Islands , West Indies . An Ecological Study of Antigua , Barbuda , and Anguilla . Henry , Paget - Peripheral Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Antigua . Lazarus-Black , Mindie - Legitimate Acts and Illegal Encounters : Law and Society in Antigua and Barbuda . Riley , J. H. - Catalogue of a Collection of Birds from Barbuda and Antigua , British West Indies . Rouse , Irving and Birgit Faber Morse - Excavations at the Indian Creek Site , Antigua , West Indies . Thomas Hearne . Southampton . |
Battle_of_Hastings | The Battle of Hastings was fought on 14 October 1066 between the Norman-French army of William , the Duke of Normandy , and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson , beginning the Norman conquest of England . It took place approximately 7 mi northwest of Hastings , close to the present-day town of Battle , East Sussex , and was a decisive Norman victory . The background to the battle was the death of the childless King Edward the Confessor in January 1066 , which set up a succession struggle between several claimants to his throne . Harold was crowned king shortly after Edward 's death , but faced invasions by William , his own brother Tostig and the Norwegian King Harald Hardrada ( Harold III of Norway ) . Hardrada and Tostig defeated a hastily gathered army of Englishmen at the Battle of Fulford on 20 September 1066 , and were in turn defeated by Harold at the Battle of Stamford Bridge five days later . The deaths of Tostig and Hardrada at Stamford Bridge left William as Harold 's only serious opponent . While Harold and his forces were recovering , William landed his invasion forces in the south of England at Pevensey on 28 September 1066 and established a beachhead for his conquest of the kingdom . Harold was forced to march south swiftly , gathering forces as he went . The exact numbers present at the battle are unknown ; modern estimates are around 10,000 for William and about 7,000 for Harold . The composition of the forces is clearer ; the English army was composed almost entirely of infantry and had few archers , whereas only about half of the invading force was infantry , the rest split equally between cavalry and archers . Harold appears to have tried to surprise William , but scouts found his army and reported its arrival to William , who marched from Hastings to the battlefield to confront Harold . The battle lasted from about 9 am to dusk . Early efforts of the invaders to break the English battle lines had little effect ; therefore , the Normans adopted the tactic of pretending to flee in panic and then turning on their pursuers . Harold 's death , probably near the end of the battle , led to the retreat and defeat of most of his army . After further marching and some skirmishes , William was crowned as king on Christmas Day 1066 . There continued to be rebellions and resistance to William 's rule , but Hastings effectively marked the culmination of William 's conquest of England . Casualty figures are hard to come by , but some historians estimate that 2,000 invaders died along with about twice that number of Englishmen . William founded a monastery at the site of the battle , the high altar of the abbey church supposedly placed at the spot where Harold died . |
Behind_Bars_(Slick_Rick_song) | `` Behind Bars '' was the first single released from Slick Rick 's third album , Behind Bars . It was released on November 8 , 1994 and was produced by the legendary producer , Prince Paul . The single was released while Rick was still in jail and featured an entirely animated music video , as well as a remix that was produced and featured a verse from Warren G. `` Behind Bars '' became Slick Rick 's first and only single to reach the Billboard Hot 100 , peaking at 87 on the chart , the song also made it to 63 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs and 12 on the Hot Rap Singles . |
Benicia,_California | Benicia ( -LSB- bəˈniːʃə -RSB- ; -LSB- beˈnisja -RSB- ) is a waterside city in Solano County , California , located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area . It served as the state capital for nearly thirteen months from 1853 to 1854 . The population was 26,997 at the 2010 census . The city is located along the north bank of the Carquinez Strait . Benicia is just east of Vallejo and across the strait from Martinez . Elizabeth Patterson has served as Mayor of Benicia since 2007 . The town is divided into four areas : the East Side ( east of First Street ) , the West Side ( east of First Street ) , Southampton ( first of East street ) , and the industrial park . Most of the town 's older homes are on the east and west sides . Southampton contains primarily single-family housing developments and condominiums , most of which were built between 1970 and 2000 . The East Side includes the Benicia Arsenal , a former United States Army armory , which was bought by the city and is now used for a variety of purposes , most notably as live-work spaces for artists . The Arsenal is home to several historic ( ca. 1860 ) landmark buildings such as The Clock Tower , the Camel Barn , and the Jefferson Street Mansion . The industrial park lies to the northeast of the residential areas of the city , and includes the Valero oil refinery . The Benicia State Recreation Area is on the far west edge of the city . The main retail area in Benicia is First Street , which attracts out-of-town antique and boutique shoppers and those seeking small-town , historic charm . In 1987 Benicia was selected to participate in the California Main Street Program . Connections to Benicia include Interstate 680 from Martinez to the south and Cordelia Junction ( Fairfield ) to the north , and Interstate 780 , Columbus Parkway , and other local roads from Vallejo to the west . Amtrak also runs past the city north towards Sacramento , but the nearest train station lies in Martinez across the Carquinez Strait . Railroad tracks carrying Amtrak and Union Pacific Railroad lines cross the strait alongside the Benicia -- Martinez Bridge . |
Bill_Haywood | William Dudley Haywood ( February 4 , 1869 -- May 18 , 1928 ) , better known as `` Big Bill '' Haywood , was a founding member and leader of the Industrial Workers of the World ( IWW ) and a member of the executive committee of the Socialist Party of America . During the first two decades of the 20th century , he was involved in several important labor battles , including the Colorado Labor Wars , the Lawrence Textile Strike , and other textile strikes in Massachusetts and New Jersey . Haywood was an advocate of industrial unionism , a labor philosophy that favors organizing all workers in an industry under one union , regardless of the specific trade or skill level ; this was in contrast to the craft unions that were prevalent at the time , such as the AFL . His belief that workers of all ethnicities should be united also clashed with many unions . His preference for direct action over political tactics alienated him from the Socialist Party leadership and contributed to his recall from the party 's executive committee in 1913 . Never one to shy from violent conflicts , Haywood was frequently the target of prosecutors . His trial for the murder of Frank Steunenberg in 1907 ( of which he was acquitted ) drew national attention ; in 1918 , he was one of 101 IWW members convicted of violating the Espionage Act of 1917 during the First Red Scare . In 1921 , while out of prison during an appeal of his conviction , Haywood fled to Bolshevik Russia , where he spent the remaining years of his life . |
Battleship_(game) | Battleship ( also Battleships or Sea Battle ) is a guessing game for two players . It is played on ruled grids ( paper or board ) on which the players ' fleets of ships ( including battleships ) are marked . The locations of the fleet are concealed from the other player . Players alternate turns calling `` shots '' at the other player 's ships , and the objective of the game is to destroy the opposing player 's fleet . Battleship is known worldwide as a pencil and paper game which dates from World War I . It was published by various companies as a pad-and-pencil game in the 1930s , and was released as a plastic board game by Milton Bradley in 1967 . The game has spawned electronic versions , video games , smart device apps and a film . |
Batu_Khan | Batu Khan ( -LSB- ˈbɑːtuː_ˈkɑːn -RSB- Бат хаан , Bat hán , хан Баты́й , khan Batý , , -LSB- Бату хан , Baty xan , باتو خان -RSB- c. 1207 -- 1255 ) , also known as Sain Khan ( Good Khan , Сайн хаан , Sain hán ) and Tsar Batu , was a Mongol ruler and founder of the Golden Horde , division of the Mongol Empire . Batu was a son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan . His ulus was the chief state of the Golden Horde , which ruled Rus ' , Volga Bulgaria , Cumania , and the Caucasus for around 250 years , after also destroying the armies of Poland and Hungary . `` Batu '' or `` Bat '' literally means `` firm '' in the Mongolian language . After the deaths of Genghis Khan 's sons , he became the most respected prince called agha ( elder brother ) in the Mongol Empire . |
Belvedere,_California | Belvedere is a city in Marin County , California , United States , located 1.5 mi northeast of Sausalito . Situated on two islands , it is immediately adjacent to the Tiburon Peninsula , accessible via a short bridge from the city of Tiburon . At the 2010 census , the population was 2,068 and the per-capita income in 2000 was $ 250,000 , making it one of the highest income cities in California and the 8th highest income place in the United States ( 1st with a population over 1,000 ) . Belvedere was once an island . Belvedere and Tiburon share a post office . Mail sent there can be addressed as `` Belvedere Tiburon , CA '' . |
Big_Five_Aspect_Scales | The Big Five Aspect Scales is a personality test that further develops the big five personality traits test model by adding two `` aspects '' to each trait . Aspects represent a level of precision between the big five personality traits and the facets of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory . The aspects include : Openness/Creativity and Intellect for Openness ; Orderliness and Industriousness for Conscientiousness ; Enthusiasm and Assertiveness for Extraversion ; Politeness and Compassion for Agreeableness ; and Withdrawal and Volatility for Neuroticism . The scales are public domain . |
Bernard_Quatermass | Professor Bernard Quatermass is a fictional scientist , originally created by the writer Nigel Kneale for BBC Television . An intelligent and highly moral British scientist , Quatermass is a pioneer of the British space programme , heading the British Experimental Rocket Group . He continually finds himself confronting sinister alien forces that threaten to destroy humanity . The role of Quatermass was featured in three influential BBC science fiction serials of the 1950s , and again in a final serial for Thames Television in 1979 . A remake of the first serial appeared on BBC Four in 2005 . The character also appeared in films , on the radio and in print over a fifty-year period . Kneale picked the character 's unusual surname from a London telephone directory , while the first name was in honour of the astronomer Bernard Lovell . The character of Quatermass has been described by BBC News Online as Britain 's first television hero , and by The Independent newspaper as `` A brilliantly conceived and finely crafted creation ... -LSB- He -RSB- remained a modern ` Mr Standfast ' , the one fixed point in an increasingly dreadful and ever-shifting universe . '' In 2005 , an article in The Daily Telegraph suggested , `` You can see a line running through him and many other British heroes . He shares elements with Sherlock Holmes and Ellen MacArthur . '' |
Bell_TV | Bell TV ( Bell Télé formerly known as Bell ExpressVu , Dish Network Canada , ExpressVu Dish Network , and now sometimes known as Bell Satellite TV to distinguish the service from Bell 's IPTV Fibe TV service ) , is the division of BCE Inc. that provides satellite television service across Canada . It launched on September 10 , 1997 and as of 2004 it has been providing `` Bell TV for Condos '' , a VDSL service provided to select multidwelling units ( condominiums and apartments ) in Montreal , Ottawa and Toronto . Bell TV provides over 500 digital video and 100 HD and audio channels to , as of May 2010 , over 1.8 million subscribers . Its major competitors include satellite service Shaw Direct , as well as various cable and communications companies across Canada , such as Rogers Cable , EastLink , Shaw Communications , Vidéotron and Cogeco . Bell TV services are also repackaged and resold by Telus as Telus Satellite TV , in areas where the latter company 's Optik IPTV services are unavailable . |
Benji_Schwimmer | Benjamin `` Benji '' Daniel Schwimmer ( born January 18 , 1984 ) is an American professional dancer , choreographer and actor . On August 16 , 2006 he was announced as the winner of the second season of So You Think You Can Dance and has choreographed for both the U.S. and the international versions of the show . He co-starred in the 2010 film Leading Ladies . Schwimmer is known for his versatility in mixing the arts of solo dance and partnering . He works for the non-profit group , Dancers Everywhere Making a Needed Difference ( D.E.M.A.N.D ) , and is the songwriter , producer , and vocalist for pop-rock band The Weekend Forecast , who are signed with Executive Music Group . |
Bill_Russell_NBA_Finals_Most_Valuable_Player_Award | The Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award ( formerly known as the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award ) is an annual National Basketball Association ( NBA ) award given since the 1969 NBA Finals . The award is decided by a panel of nine media members , who cast votes after the conclusion of the Finals . The person with the highest votes wins the award . In at least one NBA Finals , fans balloting on NBA.com accounted for the tenth vote . The award was originally a black trophy with a gold basketball-shaped sphere at the top , similar to the Larry O'Brien Trophy , until a new trophy was introduced in 2005 . Since its inception , the award has been given to 30 different players . Michael Jordan is a record six-time award winner . Magic Johnson , Shaquille O'Neal , Tim Duncan and LeBron James won the award three times in their careers . Jordan and O'Neal are the only players to win the award in three consecutive seasons ( Jordan accomplished the feat on two separate occasions ) . Johnson is the only rookie ever to win the award , as well as the youngest at 20 years old . Andre Iguodala is the only winner to have not started every game in the series . Jerry West , the first ever awardee , is the only person to win the award while being on the losing team in the NBA Finals . Willis Reed , Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , Larry Bird , Hakeem Olajuwon and Kobe Bryant won the award twice . Olajuwon , Bryant , and James have won the award in two consecutive seasons . Abdul-Jabbar and James are the only players to win the award for two different teams . Olajuwon of Nigeria , who became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1993 , Tony Parker of France , and Dirk Nowitzki of Germany are the only international players to win the award . Duncan is an American citizen , but is considered an `` international '' player by the NBA because he was not born in one of the fifty states or Washington , D.C. Parker and Nowitzki are the only winners to have been trained totally outside the U.S. ; Olajuwon played college basketball at Houston and Duncan at Wake Forest . Cedric Maxwell is the only Finals MVP winner eligible for the Hall of Fame who has not been voted in . On February 14 , 2009 , during the 2009 NBA All-Star Weekend in Phoenix , then-NBA Commissioner David Stern announced that the award would be renamed the `` Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award '' in honor of 11-time NBA champion Bill Russell . |
Beverly_Hills_Preparatory_School | The name of this school is Rexford College Preparatory School , rather than Beverly Hills Preparatory School . Beverly Hills Preparatory School is a college preparatory private school in Beverly Hills , California . Dan Brown , the author of The Da Vinci Code , worked as both an English and a Spanish teacher at `` Beverly Hills Prep '' . 16 students are enrolled , from 7th to 12th grade ; the school is located at 9250 Olympic Boulevard . |
Big_Three_(Miami_Heat) | The Big Three were a trio of professional basketball players for the Miami Heat of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) from the 2010 -- 11 NBA season to the 2013 -- 14 NBA season . The `` Big Three '' consisted of LeBron James , Dwyane Wade , and Chris Bosh . All three of those players were selected within the first five picks of the 2003 NBA draft . James was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2003 and announced his free agent move to the Miami Heat on his TV special called The Decision . Wade was selected fifth by the Miami Heat . Bosh was selected by the Toronto Raptors and then signed a free agency contract to play for the Heat . Each of the players from the Miami Heat 's `` Big Three '' was the franchise scoring leader for the franchise that drafted them . They led the Heat to the NBA Finals in each of their four seasons playing together . Both Dwyane Wade and Chris Bosh continued to play for the Heat for two more seasons after LeBron James left to return to Cleveland before Wade would sign with the Chicago Bulls and Bosh would consider medical retirement due to continuous blood clots before the start of the 2016 -- 17 NBA season . |
Betsy_Mitchell | Betsy Mitchell ( born January 15 , 1966 ) is an American competition swimmer who was a world record-holder , world champion , and Olympic gold and silver medalist . She also was a member of the United States ' 1994 Rowing World Championship team . Mitchell began competitive swimming at age 5 as a member of the Marietta ( Ohio ) YMCA Marlins swim team . Later she competed for Mercersburg Academy in Mercersburg , Pennsylvania during her high school years , graduating in 1983 . Following high school , she attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and competed for the North Carolina Tar Heels swimming and diving team during her first year , the 1983 -- 84 NCAA season . Mitchell represented the United States at two consecutive Olympic Games . At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles , she won a silver medal for her second-place performance in the women 's 100-meter backstroke , finishing with a time of 1:02.63 . She also earned a gold medal by swimming the backstroke leg for the winning U.S. team in the preliminary heats of the women 's 4 × 100-meter medley relay . After the 1984 Olympics , Mitchell transferred to the University of Texas at Austin , and swam for the Texas Longhorns swimming and diving team from 1985 to 1988 . She won nine NCAA titles , and was a member of the Longhorns NCAA national championship teams in 1986 , 1987 and 1988 . Mitchell received the Honda Sports Award for Swimming and Diving 1987 -- 88 , and was inducted into the Texas Longhorns Hall of Honor in 2000 . She set an American and world record in the 200-meter backstroke at the 1986 World Championship Trials ( 2:08.60 ) . The world record stood for five years . The American record stood for 19 years . Swimming World Magazine named her as its American Female Swimmer of the Year in 1986 . She again competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul , South Korea . She received a silver medal for swimming the backstroke leg for the second-place U.S. team in the women 's 4 × 100-meter medley relay in the preliminary heats . Individually , she also swam in the final of the women 's 100-meter backstroke , finishing fourth in the final with a time of 1:02.71 . She was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame as an `` Honor Swimmer '' in 1998 . Mitchell has a bachelor 's and master 's degree in education , specializing in sports administration , from the University of Texas at Austin . She also completed a one-year program at the Harvard Graduate School of Education , earning a certificate in educational administration , planning and policy . She started her career as the women 's swimming coach at Dartmouth College from 1990 to 1996 . She then served from 1997 to 2003 as the director of athletics at Laurel School for Girls in Shaker Heights , Ohio . Mitchell was then the director of athletics and recreation at Allegheny College in Meadville , Pennsylvania from 2005 to 2011 . She is currently the director of athletics , physical education , and recreation at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena , California . |
Biological_basis_of_personality | The biological basis of personality is the collection of brain systems and mechanisms that underlie human personality . Human neurobiology , especially as it relates to complex traits and behaviors , is not well understood , but research into the neuroanatomical and functional underpinnings of personality are an active field of research . Animal models of behavior , molecular biology , and brain imaging techniques have provided some insight into human personality , especially trait theories . Much of the current understanding of personality from a neurobiological perspective places an emphasis on the biochemistry of the behavioral systems of reward , motivation , and punishment . This has led to a few biologically based personality theories such as Eysenck 's three factor model of personality , Grey 's reinforcement sensitivity theory ( RST ) , and Cloninger 's model of personality . The Big Five model of personality is not biologically based ; yet some research in the differences in brain structures provided biological support also for this model . |
Be_Together | `` Be Together '' is a song from Japanese band TM Network , written by Mitsuko Komuro and composed by Tetsuya Komuro , it was included in their fifth album Humansystem . Despite the fact that it was n't released as a single and was not popular at its initial release , the 1999 cover made by Ami Suzuki the song became very popular in Japan , and it has since been covered by several artists . Scandinavian artist Ni-Ni created a cover of `` Be Together '' , which was included in the video game Dance Dance Revolution 5th Mix , and is also featured on her album Mermaid among her most popular songs . Another version exists by the band Attention Deficit , featuring rapper MC Chris . In 2010 it was also covered by voice actor and singer Minori Chihara for the anime series Occult Academy . |
Betterment_(company) | Betterment is an online investment company based in New York City , registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ( FINRA ) . Also known as Betterment.com , Betterment is a registered investment advisor ( RIA ) -- the largest online investment advisor in the U.S. -- and a FINRA-member broker-dealer . With both functions , The company provides personalized financial advice and automated investment management , investment execution , tax optimization , custodianship , and record-keeping . Betterment has a subsidiary 401 ( k ) plan business Betterment for Business -RSB- , and Betterment for Advisors , a management platform for registered investment advisors . The company is an automated , goal-based investing service . Betterment invests in a portfolio of passive index-tracking equity and fixed income exchange-traded funds ( ETFs ) and offers both taxable and tax-advantaged investment accounts , including traditional and Roth individual retirement accounts ( IRAs ) . The company 's personalized financial advice uses principles-based robo-advisor technologies such as computer algorithms . Licensed financial advisors provide over-the-phone consultations to customers who opt for additional support . Betterment 's primary retail platform offers individual retirement accounts , trusts , taxable investment accounts , and tax-coordinated asset location services . In 2013 Christopher Mims of Quartz called Betterment the `` Apple of finance . '' Considered a growth-stage startup , the company is headquartered in New York City , and has received funding from Menlo Ventures , Bessemer Venture Partners , Globespan Capital Partners , Citi Ventures , Francisco Partners , Kinnevik AB , and Anthemis Group . Notable angel investors include Thomas Lehrman , Jason Finger , and Andy Dunn . |
Berkeley,_California | Berkeley ( -LSB- ˈbɜrkliː -RSB- ) is a city on the east shore of San Francisco Bay in northern Alameda County , California . It is named after the 18th-century Anglo-Irish bishop and philosopher George Berkeley . It borders the cities of Oakland and Emeryville to the south and the city of Albany and the unincorporated community of Kensington to the north . Its eastern border with Contra Costa County generally follows the ridge of the Berkeley Hills . The 2010 census recorded a population of 112,580 . Berkeley is home to the oldest campus in the University of California system , the University of California , Berkeley , and to the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , which is managed and operated by the University . It also has the Graduate Theological Union , one of the largest religious studies institutions in the world . It is one of the most politically liberal cities in the United States . |
Big_Whiskey_&_the_GrooGrux_King | Big Whiskey & the GrooGrux King is the seventh studio album by Dave Matthews Band , which was released by RCA Records on June 2 , 2009 . It is the band 's first studio album since 2005 's Stand Up and the first release since the death of saxophonist LeRoi Moore . Guitarist Tim Reynolds played on the album , marking his first recording with DMB since 1998 's Before These Crowded Streets . Rashawn Ross makes his first appearance on a DMB studio album since joining as a regular touring member in 2006 as well as Jeff Coffin , who has taken Moore 's role since June 2008 . The album was the first to be produced by Rob Cavallo . The album was the second of DMB 's three major releases with a vinyl edition , following a limited printing of Before These Crowded Streets and preceding 2012 's Away from the World . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , selling 424,000 copies in its first week of release . This marked the group 's fifth consecutive studio album to open with a sales week of at least 400,000 copies . Exactly six months after its release , Big Whiskey & the GrooGrux King was nominated for two Grammy Awards : Best Rock Album and Album of the Year , but lost to Green Day 's 21st Century Breakdown and Taylor Swift 's Fearless , respectively . |
Bayandur | Bayandur is one of Turkic tribes known from Arab and Persian Middle Age geographers and writers as being one of the seven tribes in the Kimak Kaganate in the period of 743-1050 AD . The other six constituent tribes per Abu Said Gardizi ( died 1061 ) were Kimaks , Yamaks , Kipchaks , Tatars , Lanikaz , and Ajlad . The Arabian sources list Bayandurs as a constituent clan of Oguzes , and other eastern sources list Bayandur as a Kipchak clan . As a N. Pontic Kipchak clan , Bayandurs entered the early Rus annals that describe events of the 11th century . Chinese chronicler Sima Qian in ` Shiji ' Chapter 110 places the Bayan tribe in Ordos at the time of Mode ( * Batur ) Chanuy ( c. 200 BC ) . In the Chinese chronicles the personal name ` Bayan ' is written as ` P ` o-jun ' ( Uiguristan ruler Bayan ( P ` o-jun ) in the 648-661 , Kagan Bayanchur of Uigur dynasty in the 747-759 ) . The personal name ` Bayan ' is widely represented in the historical records , mostly associated with rulers of various states : Avar Khan/Kagan Boyan ( 565-602 ) , Great Bulgaria Khan Kubrat 's eldest son Bayan ( Batbayan , 660-690 ) , Alanian general Bayan in Mongol service in Chinese city Zhenchao in the 1275 . The personal name ` Bayan ' entered primaeval eastern Slavic folklore as a legendary poet-singer Bayan , and gave a name to a ` Bayan ' brand name of Russian harmonica . The portion ` dur ' is an ancient dialectal form of ` guz , gur ' , designating a tribe . The name Bayan is also a popular east-European and west-Asian toponym , like `` Bayan-aul '' . |
Bastien_und_Bastienne | Bastien und Bastienne ( Bastien and Bastienne ) , K. 50 ( revised in 1964 to K. 46b ) is a one-act singspiel , a comic opera , by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart . Bastien und Bastienne was one of Mozart 's earliest operas , written in 1768 when he was only twelve years old . It was allegedly commissioned by Viennese physician and ` magnetist ' Dr. Franz Mesmer ( who himself would later be parodied in Così fan tutte ) as a satire of the ` pastoral ' genre then prevalent , and specifically as a parody of the opera Le devin du village by Jean-Jacques Rousseau . The German libretto is by Friedrich Wilhelm Weiskern , and Johann Andreas Schachtner , based on Les Amours de Bastien et Bastienne by Justine Favart and Harny de Guerville . After its supposed premiere in Mesmer 's garden theater ( that is only corroborated by an unverified account of Nissen ) , it was not revived again until 1890 . It is not clear whether this piece was performed in Mozart 's lifetime . The first known performance was on 2 October 1890 at Architektenhaus in Berlin . The opera is written in both French and German manners . Many of the melodies are French in manner , but Bastienne 's first aria is true German lied . This melody is also used in Mozart 's Trio in G for Piano , Violin and Violoncello , K. 564 ( 1788 ) . Another purely German lied is Bastienne 's aria `` I feel certain of his heart '' . Mozart utilizes the orchestra sparingly , with the exception of the reconciliation scene . Mozart 's overture uses the same opening theme as Beethoven 's Symphony No. 3 , the Eroica . It is doubtful that Beethoven was familiar with this then unpublished piece . A likely explanation is that both composers took the theme from another unknown source . Although he was very young , Mozart already had excellent vocal writing skills and a knack for parody and whimsy which would reach full flower in his later works . Bastien und Bastienne is possibly the easiest to perform of Mozart 's juvenile works . |
Belize | Belize ( -LSB- bəˈliːz -RSB- ) , formerly British Honduras , is an independent country on the eastern coast of Central America . Belize is bordered on the north by Mexico , on the south and west by Guatemala , and on the east by the Caribbean Sea . Its mainland is about 290 km long and 110 km wide . Belize has an area of 22800 km2 and a population of 468,310 ( 2015 ) . It has the lowest population density in Central America . The country 's population growth rate of 1.87 % per year ( 2015 ) is the second highest in the region and one of the highest in the Western Hemisphere . Belize 's abundance of terrestrial and marine species and its diversity of ecosystems gives it a key place in the globally significant Mesoamerican Biological Corridor . Belize has a diverse society , composed of many cultures and languages that reflect its rich history . English is the official language of Belize , with Belizean Kriol being the unofficial language . Over half the population is multilingual , with Spanish being the second most common spoken language . Belize is considered a Central American and Caribbean nation with strong ties to both the Latin American and Caribbean regions . It is a member of the Caribbean Community ( CARICOM ) , the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States ( CELAC ) , and the Central American Integration System ( SICA ) , the only country to hold full membership in all three regional organisations . Belize is a Commonwealth realm , with Queen Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state . Belize is known for its September Celebrations , its extensive barrier reef coral reefs , and punta music . |
Blood_of_the_Daleks | Blood of the Daleks is an audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . This audio drama was produced by Big Finish Productions ; the first of two 50-minute parts was broadcast on BBC 7 on 31 December 2006 , and the second was aired on 7 January 2007 . It is the first original Doctor Who drama produced for BBC 7 , and stars Paul McGann as the Eighth Doctor and Sheridan Smith as new companion Lucie Miller . Lucie , described as a `` brash northern lass '' , is an unwilling passenger in the TARDIS as she has been placed with the Doctor as part of a `` Time Lord witness protection programme '' . It is the first in a series of six stories commissioned by BBC 7 from Big Finish . The story is set on a human colony named Red Rocket Rising , and features the Daleks . |
Black_Caesar_(film) | Black Caesar ( released theatrically in the UK as Godfather of Harlem ) is a 1973 American blaxploitation crime drama film , starring Fred Williamson , Gloria Hendry and Julius Harris . The film was written and directed by Larry Cohen . Black Caesar is a remake of the 1931 film Little Caesar . It features a musical score ( Black Caesar ) by James Brown ( with heavy input from his bandleader Fred Wesley ) , his first experience with writing music for film . A sequel titled Hell Up in Harlem was released in late 1973 . |
Brandon_DiCamillo | Brandon Ralph `` Dico '' DiCamillo ( born November 15 , 1976 ) is an American actor , stunt performer , screenwriter , producer , and gamer . He was a founding member of the CKY Crew and rose to fame through appearances in the CKY video series and MTV 's Jackass , Viva La Bam and Bam 's Unholy Union . |
Boudica | Boudica or Boudicca ( -LSB- ˈbuːdᵻkə -RSB- , Latinised as Boadicea or Boudicea -LSB- boʊdᵻˈsiːə -RSB- , and known in Welsh as Buddug -LSB- ˈbɨ̞ðɨ̞ɡ -RSB- ) was a queen of the British Celtic Iceni tribe who led an uprising against the occupying forces of the Roman Empire in AD 60 or 61 , and died shortly after its failure . Boudica 's husband , Prasutagus , ruled as a nominally independent ally of Rome and left his kingdom jointly to his daughters and the Roman emperor in his will . However , when he died , his will was ignored , and the kingdom was annexed . According to Tacitus , Boudica was flogged and her daughters raped . Cassius Dio provides an alternative explanation for Boudica 's response , saying that previous imperial donations to influential Britons were confiscated and the Roman financier and philosopher Seneca called in the loans he had forced on the reluctant Britons . In AD 60 or 61 , when the Roman governor Gaius Suetonius Paulinus was campaigning on the island of Anglesey off the northwest coast of Wales , Boudica led the Iceni , the Trinovantes , and others in revolt . They destroyed Camulodunum ( modern Colchester ) , earlier the capital of the Trinovantes but at that time a -LSB- colonia ( Roman ) , colonia -RSB- , a settlement for discharged Roman soldiers and site of a temple to the former Emperor Claudius . Upon hearing of the revolt , Suetonius hurried to Londinium ( modern London ) , the 20-year-old commercial settlement that was the rebels ' next target . The Romans , having concluded that they lacked sufficient numbers to defend the settlement , evacuated and abandoned Londinium . Boudica led 100,000 Iceni , Trinovantes , and others to fight -LSB- Legio IX Hispana , Legio IX Hispana -RSB- , and burned and destroyed Londinium and Verulamium ( modern-day St Albans ) . An estimated 70,000 -- 80,000 Romans and British were killed in the three cities by those led by Boudica . Suetonius , meanwhile , regrouped his forces in the West Midlands , and , despite being heavily outnumbered , defeated the Britons in the Battle of Watling Street . The crisis caused Nero to consider withdrawing all Roman forces from Britain , but Suetonius ' eventual victory over Boudica confirmed Roman control of the province . Boudica then either killed herself to avoid capture , or died of illness . The extant sources , Tacitus and Cassius Dio , differ . Interest in these events revived in the English Renaissance and led to Boudica 's fame in the Victorian era . Boudica has remained an important cultural symbol in the United Kingdom . In 2002 , she was number 35 in the BBC 's poll of the 100 Greatest Britons . The absence of native British literature during the early part of the first millennium means that knowledge of Boudica 's rebellion comes solely from the writings of the Romans . |
Black_Mafia | The Black Mafia , also known as the Muslim Mafia , Muslim Mob , Philidephia Black Mafia , or PBM is a Philadelphia-based African-American organized crime syndicate . The organization began as a small criminal collective , known for holding up neighborhood craps games and dealing in the illegal drug business , but at its height of operation until about 1975 , it managed to consolidate power and control a large portion of criminal activity in various African-American neighborhoods throughout Philadelphia , the Delaware Valley , and South Jersey , including Atlantic City . In addition to drug trafficking , burglary , and armed robbery , the Black Mafia was also engaged in traditional organized crime activities such as extortion , racketeering , number running , illegal gambling , and prostitution . Allegedly formed in September 1968 by Samuel Christian , who later adopted the name Suleiman Bey under the Nation of Islam , the Black Mafia was heavily involved in a large part of drug trafficking in Philadelphia during the 1970s , with heroin being the most trafficked drug . Christian , a former Black Panther with an extensive arrest record , was an imposing man : 5 ' 10 ' tall and described as a `` thick-necked , powerfully-built , 215-pound bully . '' Additional founding members included Ronald Harvey , Henry Dabney , Richard `` Pork Chops '' James , Donald `` Donnie '' Day , Clyde `` Apples '' Ross , Robert `` Bop Daddy '' Fairbanks , Craig `` Heist '' Jones , Walter Hudgins , Robert `` Nudie '' Mims amongst others . Nearly all of the original members eventually became Nation of Islam members or converted to Islam , giving the organization the nickname of `` the Muslim Mafia '' or `` the Muslim Mob . '' The Black Mafia gained power in local neighborhoods by intimidating people to prevent anyone from reporting the group 's activities to the police . Because of this , police had incredible difficulty taking any action on the gang or any of its members for years after their conception . Members participated in holding up crap games and extorting drug dealers , working as numbers men and illegitimate businessmen . Over the course of their control , the Black Mafia was responsible for over 40 murders and countless other crimes . Each founder had extensive arrest records , with most cases involving violence . Law enforcement officials had difficulties prosecuting members of the group , however , because witnesses would rarely cooperate , fearing retaliation , and cases were dropped more often than not . This not only permitted the offenders to continue their criminal activities , but also allowed their reputations of being `` untouchable '' to flourish , thus enhancing their influence on the street . |
Black_Codes_(United_States) | In the United States , the Black Codes were laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866 , after the Civil War . These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans ' freedom , and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt . Black Codes were part of a larger pattern of Southern whites trying to suppress the new freedom of emancipated African American slaves , the freedmen . From the colonial period , colonies and states had passed laws that discriminated against free Blacks . In the South , these were generally included in `` slave codes '' ; the goal was to reduce influence of free blacks ( particularly after slave rebellions ) because of their potential influence on slaves . Restrictions included prohibiting them from voting ( although North Carolina allowed this before 1831 ) , bearing arms , gathering in groups for worship and learning to read and write . A major purpose of these laws was to preserve slavery . In the first two years after the Civil War , white-dominated southern legislatures passed Black Codes modeled after the earlier slave codes . They were particularly concerned with controlling movement and labor , as slavery had given way to a free labor system . Although freedmen had been emancipated , their lives were greatly restricted by the Black Codes . The term Black Codes was given by `` negro leaders and the Republican organs '' , according to historian John S. Reynolds . The defining feature of the Black Codes was broad vagrancy law , which allowed local authorities to arrest freedpeople for minor infractions and commit them to involuntary labor . This period was the start of the convict lease system , also described as `` slavery by another name '' by Douglas Blackmon in his 2008 book on this topic . |
Brendon_Villegas | Brendon Josef Villegas ( born July 2 , 1980 ) is an American television personality and reality show contestant . Villegas appeared in two seasons of the American edition of the television series Big Brother and The Amazing Race . He currently resides in Los Angeles , California . |
Bourne_(film_series) | The Bourne films are a series of action spy thriller films based on the character Jason Bourne ( Matt Damon ) , a CIA assassin suffering from extreme memory loss who must figure out who he is , created by author Robert Ludlum . All three of Ludlum 's novels were adapted for the screen , featuring Matt Damon as the title character in each . Doug Liman directed The Bourne Identity ( 2002 ) and Paul Greengrass directed The Bourne Supremacy ( 2004 ) , The Bourne Ultimatum ( 2007 ) and Jason Bourne ( 2016 ) . Tony Gilroy co-wrote each film except for Jason Bourne and directed The Bourne Legacy ( 2012 ) . Damon chose not to return for the fourth film , The Bourne Legacy , which introduces a new main character , Aaron Cross ( Jeremy Renner ) , a Department of Defense operative who runs for his life because of Bourne 's actions in Ultimatum . The character of Jason Bourne does not appear in Legacy , but mention of his name and pictures of Damon as Bourne are shown throughout the film . Damon returned for the fifth installment , Jason Bourne . The Bourne series has received generally positive critical reception and grossed over $ 1.6 billion . It is noted for its use of real stunt work , in contrast to the growing use of computer-generated imagery in action scenes . |
Brian_Kemp | Brian P. Kemp ( born November 2 , 1963 ) is the Republican Secretary of State of the U.S. State of Georgia . Kemp succeeded Karen Handel on January 8 , 2010 , when she stepped down to run in the 2010 Georgia gubernatorial election . Kemp previously had served as a Georgia State Senator from 2002 to 2006 after defeating the Democratic incumbent . Kemp won the 2010 election for a full term as Georgia Secretary of State with 56.4 % to 39.4 % for his Democratic opponent , Georganna Sinkfield . In 2014 , Kemp was re-elected . On March 31 , 2017 , Kemp announced his candidacy in the 2018 Georgia gubernatorial election . |
Black_hole | A black hole is a region of spacetime exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing -- not even particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light -- can escape from inside it . The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass can deform spacetime to form a black hole . The boundary of the region from which no escape is possible is called the event horizon . Although the event horizon has an enormous effect on the fate and circumstances of an object crossing it , no locally detectable features appear to be observed . In many ways a black hole acts like an ideal black body , as it reflects no light . Moreover , quantum field theory in curved spacetime predicts that event horizons emit Hawking radiation , with the same spectrum as a black body of a temperature inversely proportional to its mass . This temperature is on the order of billionths of a kelvin for black holes of stellar mass , making it essentially impossible to observe . Objects whose gravitational fields are too strong for light to escape were first considered in the 18th century by John Michell and Pierre-Simon Laplace . The first modern solution of general relativity that would characterize a black hole was found by Karl Schwarzschild in 1916 , although its interpretation as a region of space from which nothing can escape was first published by David Finkelstein in 1958 . Black holes were long considered a mathematical curiosity ; it was during the 1960s that theoretical work showed they were a generic prediction of general relativity . The discovery of neutron stars sparked interest in gravitationally collapsed compact objects as a possible astrophysical reality . Black holes of stellar mass are expected to form when very massive stars collapse at the end of their life cycle . After a black hole has formed , it can continue to grow by absorbing mass from its surroundings . By absorbing other stars and merging with other black holes , supermassive black holes of millions of solar masses may form . There is general consensus that supermassive black holes exist in the centers of most galaxies . Despite its invisible interior , the presence of a black hole can be inferred through its interaction with other matter and with electromagnetic radiation such as visible light . Matter that falls onto a black hole can form an external accretion disk heated by friction , forming some of the brightest objects in the universe . If there are other stars orbiting a black hole , their orbits can be used to determine the black hole 's mass and location . Such observations can be used to exclude possible alternatives such as neutron stars . In this way , astronomers have identified numerous stellar black hole candidates in binary systems , and established that the radio source known as Sagittarius A * , at the core of our own Milky Way galaxy , contains a supermassive black hole of about 4.3 million solar masses . On 11 February 2016 , the LIGO collaboration announced the first observation of gravitational waves ; because these waves were generated from a black hole merger it was the first ever direct detection of a binary black hole merger . On 15 June 2016 , a second detection of a gravitational wave event from colliding black holes was announced . |
Black_Death_in_England | The Black Death was a pneumonic plague pandemic , which reached England in June 1348 , and died down by December 1349 . It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic , caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria . The term `` Black Death '' was not used until the late 17th Century . Originating in China , it spread west along the trade routes across Europe and arrived on the British Isles from the English province of Gascony . The plague seems to have been spread by flea-infected rats , as well as individuals who had been infected on the continent . Rats were the reservoir hosts of the Y. pestis bacteria and the Oriental rat flea was the primary vector . The first known case in England was a seaman who arrived at Weymouth , Dorset , from Gascony in June 1348 . By autumn , the plague had reached London , and by summer 1349 it covered the entire country , before dying down by December . Low estimates of mortality in the early twentieth century have been revised upwards due to re-examination of data and new information , and a figure of 40 -- 60 % of the population is widely accepted . The English government handled the crisis well , and the country did not experience the extreme reactions that were seen elsewhere in Europe . The most immediate consequence was a halt to the campaigns of the Hundred Years ' War . In the long term , the decrease in population caused a shortage of labour , with subsequent rise in wages , resisted by the landowners , which caused deep resentment among the lower classes . The Peasants ' Revolt of 1381 was largely a result of this resentment , and even though the rebellion was suppressed , in the long term serfdom was ended in England . The Black Death also affected artistic and cultural efforts , and may have helped advance the use of the vernacular . In 1361 -- 62 the plague returned to England , this time causing the death of around 20 % of the population . After this the plague continued to return intermittently throughout the 14th and 15th centuries , in local or national outbreaks . From this point on its effect became less severe , and one of the last outbreaks of the plague in England was the Great Plague of London in 1665 -- 66 . |
Bray_Cary | Bray Cary , born June 15 , 1948 , is a US-based media and sports marketing entrepreneur and the President , Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors of West Virginia Media Holdings , a multi-media company serving over 90 % of West Virginia . In 1984 , he founded Creative Sports , a sports & marketing production company based in Charlotte , North Carolina . Creative Sports was acquired by ESPN in 1994 . Cary is credited as the architect of the growth of NASCAR through a $ 2.4 B deal with FOX and NBC in 1999 and a historic Internet contract between NASCAR and Turner/AOL in 2000 . Since 2008 , Cary has served as a member of the board of directors of EQT Corporation , an energy corporation traded on the New York Stock Exchange . Cary currently resides in Charleston , West Virginia , and continues to be a strong advocate for the state 's economic development . He is the host for Decision Makers , a statewide weekly public affairs television program that features West Virginia 's leading government , business and community leaders and covers topics important to the state and its citizens such as the economy , education , health and transportation . He delivered the December 2000 commencement speech at WVU and the 2004 convocation speech at Alderson-Broaddus College in Philippi , West Virginia . In 2002 , Cary was inducted into the West Virginia University Business Hall of Fame , an award that `` recognizes individuals with strong ties to West Virginia who have made significant impacts on the business world , demonstrated leadership and serve as a role model for students and business entrepreneurs '' . He is also a past member of the West Virginia University Foundation Board and the West Virginia University Board of Advisors . |
Born_Gangstaz | Born Gangstaz is the debut album released by gangsta emcee Boss , released on May 25 , 1993 , on Def Jam Recordings ' West Coast-based sub-label DJ West and featured production from some of hip hop 's top producers at the time , including Def Jef , Erick Sermon and Jam Master Jay . Born Gangstaz was a success , peaking at # 22 on the Billboard 200 and # 3 on the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums . Despite the success of this album , Boss has yet to release another album . According to Nielsen SoundScan , Born Gangstaz has sold 378,000 copies to date . Three singles were released from the album , `` Deeper , '' `` Recipe of a Hoe , '' and `` Progress of Elimination , '' the first of the two both topping the Hot Rap Singles chart . |
Break_'Em_Off | Not to be confused with Break It Off by Rihanna & Sean Paul `` Break 'em Off '' is the first single from Paul Wall 's second studio album , Get Money , Stay True . The single features fellow Houston rapper Lil ' Keke . It debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 72 in early March 2007 . The music video featured Jessica a.k.a. Miss Rabbit and Flavor of Love winner London Charles a.k.a. Deelishis . |
British_Virgin_Islands | The British Virgin Islands ( BVI ) , officially the Virgin Islands , are a British overseas territory located in the Caribbean to the east of Puerto Rico . The islands make up part of the Virgin Islands archipelago ; the remaining islands constitute the US Virgin Islands and the Spanish Virgin Islands . The 150 km2 British Virgin Islands consist of the main islands of Tortola , Virgin Gorda , Anegada , and Jost Van Dyke , along with over 50 other smaller islands and cays . About 15 of the islands are inhabited . The capital , Road Town , is situated on Tortola , the largest island , which is about 20 km long and 5 km wide . The islands had a population of about 28,000 at the 2010 Census , of whom approximately 23,500 lived on Tortola ; the latest estimate ( 2016 ) is 30,800 . British Virgin Islanders are classed as British Overseas Territories citizens and since 2002 have had an entitlement to take up full UK citizenship . Although the territory is not part of the European Union and not directly subject to EU law , its citizens are deemed to be citizens of the EU as well . |
Brisbane_International_Film_Festival | The Brisbane International Film Festival ( BIFF ) was an annual film festival held in Brisbane , Australia . Organised by the Screen Culture unit at Screen Queensland , the festival has taken place since 1992 , with the program including features , documentaries , shorts , experimental efforts , retrospectives , late night thrillers , animation , and children 's films . The festival has attracted more than 400,000 visitors across its history . The festival has been replaced by the Brisbane Asia Pacific Film Festival from 2014 onwards . The festival features events including the opening and closing night celebrations , special screenings , seminars , question and answer sessions , and awards ceremonies . As well as promoting local Australian content , BIFF includes films from around the globe . |
Brad_Renfro | Brad Barron Renfro ( July 25 , 1982 -- January 15 , 2008 ) was an American actor and musician . He made his film debut at the age of eleven in the lead role in The Client , going on to star in 21 feature films , several short films , and two television episodes . His career faded rapidly due to alcoholism and substance abuse . He died from a heroin overdose at the age of 25 . |
Branch_(banking) | A branch , banking center or financial center is a retail location where a bank , credit union , or other financial institution ( and by extension , brokerage firms ) offers a wide array of face-to-face and automated services to its customers . |
Blue_Ocean_Network | Blue Ocean Network ( BON , ) is an English-language television news network based in China . According to the Global Times , it is the first privately owned Chinese commercial TV network . It states it `` is one of the first private English-language Television Network to offer International viewers fresh China-focused news and features , including business & technology , travel , art & creativity , and health & living programming , produced exclusively from China . '' It previously stated its aim was to provide `` comprehensive and objective programming produced exclusively from , and about , China '' . It is funded by CDH Venture Partners . Other sources of its revenues include local Chinese governments . |
Brownstone_(group) | Brownstone was an American female contemporary R&B group that was popular during the mid-1990s . They are best known for their 1995 hit single `` If You Love Me '' , which was nominated for a Best R&B Performance Grammy Award . `` Grapevyne '' , `` 5 Miles to Empty '' and `` Pass the Lovin ' '' also brought them some success , as well as their rendition of `` I Ca n't Tell You Why '' , a song originally recorded by The Eagles . The three original members of Brownstone were Monica `` Mimi '' Doby , Charmayne Maxena `` Maxee '' Maxwell and Nichole `` Nicci '' Gilbert . Founded in Los Angeles , the singers met each other after attending various auditions around the city . They formed the group and were signed to Michael Jackson 's MJJ Music record label less than a year later . The group soon recorded its debut album From the Bottom Up , which spawned the hit single `` If You Love Me '' . In 1995 , the group earned a Grammy Award nomination and a Billboard Music Award . After extensive touring around the globe , Doby left the group for health reasons ; in an interview with BET Video Soul host Donnie Simpson , the problem was cited as bronchitis . The cause of her split from the group was later said ( in radio interviews ) to be internal strife with the other two members . She was replaced by Kina Cosper of Detroit ; other members over the years includes Kymberli Wright of Detroit , Racquel Roberts of Los Angeles and current member Teisha Brown of Detroit . After a difficult transition period , Brownstone released the song `` 5 Miles to Empty '' from their sophomore album Still Climbing . In 1998 , Brownstone was featured on the soundtrack for the film The Players Club with the song `` Do n't Play Me Wrong '' . Charmayne Maxena `` Maxee '' Maxwell died on February 27 , 2015 at age 46 following what has been reported publicly as an accidental fall . |
Block_(chess) | A block is a defensive tactic in chess in response to an attack , consisting of interposing a piece between the opponent 's attacking piece and the piece being attacked . This type of blocking will only work if the attacking piece is a type that can move linearly an indefinite number of squares such as a queen , rook , or bishop and there is at least one empty square in the line between the attacking and attacked piece . Blocking is not an option when the attacking piece is directly adjacent to the piece it is attacking , or when the attacking piece is a knight ( because knights `` jump over other pieces '' and can not be blocked ) . When an opponent 's attack on a piece is blocked , the blocking piece is to some extent pinned , either relatively or absolutely , until a future move by either side allows it to be unpinned . A check on a king by an opponent 's queen , rook , or bishop can sometimes be blocked by moving a piece to a square in line in between the opponent 's checking piece and the checked king . The blocking piece is then absolutely pinned to the king by the attacking piece . Another type of interposing in chess can involve placing a piece between two opponent 's pieces where one of those pieces is protecting the other , or they are both protecting each other . This chess tactic can be called interference . |
Boeing_E-6_Mercury | The Boeing E-6 Mercury ( formerly E-6 Hermes ) is an airborne command post and communications relay based on the Boeing 707-320 . The original E-6A manufactured by Boeing 's defense division entered service with the United States Navy in July 1989 , replacing the EC-130Q . It conveyed instructions from the National Command Authority to fleet ballistic missile submarines ( see communication with submarines ) , a mission known as TACAMO ( TAke Charge And Move Out ) . The E-6B model deployed in October 1998 kept this role , but added further command post capabilities and the ability to remotely control Minuteman ICBMs using the Airborne Launch Control System . The E-6B replaced Air Force EC-135Cs in the `` Looking Glass '' role , providing command and control of U.S. nuclear forces should ground-based control become inoperable . With production lasting until 1991 , the E-6 was the final new derivative of the Boeing 707 to be built . |
Book_folding | Book folding is the stage of the book production process in which the pages of the book are folded after printing and before binding . Until the middle of the 19th century , book folding was done by hand , and was a trade . In the 1880s and 1890s , book folding machines by Brown and Dexter came onto the market , and by the 1910s hand-folding was rare , with one publisher declaring them to be `` practically obsolete '' in 1914 . The folding process is also necessary to produce print products other than books -- for instance mailings , magazines , leaflets etc. . |
Boom_(Royce_da_5'9"_song) | `` Boom '' is a song and the first single from rapper Royce da 5 ' 9 '' 's debut studio album Rock City ( Version 2.0 ) which was released in 2002 through E1 Music ( formerly `` Koch Records ) and Game Recordings after another record label had turned down his first version of the album . The single however was released on December 14 , 1999 , in CD and vinyl form . `` Boom '' was Royce 's first single as a solo artist and was the source of him gaining underground notability as a rap artist . The B-side of this single is `` Soldier 's Story '' . |
Blackout_(Britney_Spears_album) | Blackout is the fifth studio album by American singer Britney Spears . It was released on October 25 , 2007 , by Jive Records and the Zomba Label Group . Opting to re-establish her music career after her fourth studio album , In the Zone ( 2003 ) , she began planning the project in 2006 . Work continued into 2007 , during which time Spears ' much-publicized personal struggles , including several instances of erratic behavior and her divorce from Kevin Federline overshadowed her professional endeavors . Blackout represents a musical departure from Spears ' earlier work featuring a foreboding and atmospheric tone in terms of musical and lyrical direction . She collaborated with producers including Danja , Bloodshy & Avant , Sean Garrett , and The Neptunes in several recording studios around the United States , including Spears ' home in Los Angeles , with the intention of creating uptempo , high-energy music . Their efforts resulted in a primarily dance-pop and electropop record , which sees additional influences from Euro disco , dubstep , and funk . The lyrical themes revolve around love , fame , media scrutiny , sex , and clubbing . Upon its release , Blackout received mixed reviews from music critics ; some complimented it as Spears ' most progressive and consistent album . The Times named it as the fifth best pop album of the decade . Blackout was originally scheduled to be released on November 13 in the United States , though it was ultimately rush-released after several unauthorized internet leaks . It was expected to debut at number one on the US Billboard 200 , but debuted at number two with first-week sales of 290,000 copies after a last-minute rule change . Consequently , Blackout is distinguished as Spears ' first studio album not to debut in the number-one position in the United States , although it was later certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) for exceeding one million shipments . The record charted in the top-ten of several national charts internationally , and has attained several certifications worldwide . By the end of 2008 , Blackout had sold 3.1 million copies worldwide . Three singles were released from Blackout . Its lead single `` Gim me More '' peaked at number three on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Follow-up singles `` Piece of Me '' and `` Break the Ice '' respectively peaked at numbers 18 and 43 in the United States . Unlike her previous records , Spears did not heavily promote Blackout ; her only televised appearance for Blackout was a universally panned performance of `` Gim me More '' at the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards . In 2012 , the album was added to the library and archives of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . |
Block_(rural_Australia) | Block is an Australian term for a small agricultural landholding . Block settlement has been used by Governments to encourage decentralization and during financial depressions to give families of unemployed workers an opportunity ( frequently illusory ) to become primary producers . It may also refer to a lifestyle choice or `` hobby farm '' for those with an independent source of income . In parts of Australia , parcels of land of around 6 to 20 acres were allocated by Government to working-class men at nominal rent during the depression of the 1890s with the object of giving them work and , potentially , a source of income . Some eventually prospered , but those on marginal land were doomed to failure . Proponents of the `` block system '' included George Witherage Cotton . Holders of such allotments were referred to as `` blockers '' or `` blockies '' . |
Bram_Stoker's_Dracula | Bram Stoker 's Dracula ( or simply Dracula ) is a 1992 American romantic horror film directed and produced by Francis Ford Coppola , based on the novel Dracula by Bram Stoker . It stars Gary Oldman as Count Dracula , Winona Ryder as Mina Harker , Anthony Hopkins as Professor Abraham Van Helsing , and Keanu Reeves as Jonathan Harker . Dracula grossed $ 215 million on a $ 40 million budget . Rotten Tomatoes ' consensus cited `` some terrific performances '' , but Reeves ' turn has been widely criticized . Its score was composed by Wojciech Kilar and featured `` Love Song for a Vampire '' by Annie Lennox , which became an international hit , as the closing credits theme . |
Bray_Wyatt | Windham Lawrence Rotunda ( born May 23 , 1987 ) is an American professional wrestler currently signed to WWE , where he performs on the Raw brand under the ring name Bray Wyatt . He is a former WWE Champion and SmackDown Tag Team Champion . Rotunda is a third generation professional wrestler , following in the footsteps of his grandfather Blackjack Mulligan , his father Mike Rotunda , and two of his uncles , Barry Windham and Kendall Windham . His younger brother Taylor Rotunda also performs in WWE under the ring name Bo Dallas . Alongside his brother , he held the FCW Florida Tag Team Championship twice while in WWE 's developmental territory Florida Championship Wrestling ( FCW ) , where he wrestled under different ring names between 2009 and 2012 . He also briefly wrestled on WWE 's main roster from 2010 to 2011 , most notably as a member of The Nexus . After returning to WWE 's developmental territories in mid-2011 , Rotunda was rebranded as Bray Wyatt , the villainous cult leader of the eponymous faction The Wyatt Family , with the group eventually making its main roster debut in 2013 . Wyatt won his first championship on the main roster in December 2016 by winning the SmackDown Tag Team Championship with Randy Orton , and they defended the championship with fellow Wyatt Family member Luke Harper under the Freebird Rule . Wyatt then went on to win the WWE Championship at the Elimination Chamber event in February 2017 before losing the title to Orton at WrestleMania 33 . |
Blindstone | Blindstone is a Danish rock trio formed 2002 in Thisted , Denmark . The band has released four albums so far : Manifesto ( 2003 ) , Freedom 's Calling ( 2008 ) , Rise Above ( 2010 ) and `` Greetings From The Karma Factory '' ( 2012 ) . Current lineup consists of Martin J. Andersen ( guitars , vocals ) , Jesper Bunk ( bass ) and Anders Hvidtfeldt ( drums ) , who replaced original drummer , Benjamin Hove a few months after the debut album was released in 2003 . Andersen and Bunk made an appearance on George Clinton album How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent ? ( 2005 ) providing guitar and bass parts on a cover version of the old rock classic Whole Lotta Shakin ' Goin On . Although Blindstone have recorded cover versions of songs by artists such as Jimi Hendrix , Frank Zappa , Robin Trower , Funkadelic , Frank Marino and The Isley Brothers on their albums , the band 's releases mainly consist of original material . All Blindstone albums have been released by New York based record company Grooveyard Records which is specialized in guitar oriented rock music . Blindstone 's second album Freedom 's Calling was record of the month in Cutting Edge Magazine , September 2008 . The album also got a 5 out of 5 rating by Scott Heller on Aural Innovations web zine . Rise Above ( 2010 ) likewise received excellent reviews , an example being that of the Sea Of Tranquility website , where the album was rated four-and-a-half stars , out of five . The album contains guest appearances by King 's X guitarist Ty Tabor and renowned Danish guitarist Poul Halberg . Tabor also mastered the album . On June 6 , 2011 , the band announced that work on a new album has been initiated . |
Boston_(novel) | Boston is a novel by Upton Sinclair . It is a `` documentary novel '' that combines the facts of the case with journalistic depictions of actual participants and fictional characters and events . Sinclair indicted the American system of justice by setting his characters in the context of the prosecution and execution of Sacco and Vanzetti . |
Block_by_Block | Block by Block is an award-winning documentary produced by Landmarc Films . It explores the experiences of the construction laborers who built Palais Royale , the tallest building in India . Block by block won Best Background Music at the 4th Kolkata Short International Film Festival , Best Cinematography at the 4th Delhi Short International Film Festival , Special Jury Mention at the 3rd Indian Cine Film Festival , and the Official Selection at the 5th Dadasaheb Phalke Film Festival , at the 4th Bangalore Shorts Film Festival and many more . Produced by Vidhi Kasliwal , Block By Block , written by Gautam Pemmaraju and edited and directed by Hina Saiyada , took shape over a period of only seven days ! . This film has also been released in Hindi and Marathi languages . The title for the same is `` SAATHI HAATH BADHANA '' . While the English and Hindi versions have Raj Zutshi as the narrator , the Marathi version was narrated by Sachin Khedekar . |
Brazil_national_basketball_team | The Brazil national basketball team represents Brazil in FIBA 's basketball competitions . The team is governed by the Brazilian Basketball Confederation ( Confederação Brasileira de Basketball ) , abbreviated as CBB . They have been a member of the International Federation of Basketball ( FIBA ) since 1935 . Brazil 's basketball team remains among the most successful in the Americas . It is the only team besides the United States that has appeared at every Basketball World Cup since it was first held in 1950 . |
Brigadier-general_(United_Kingdom) | Brigadier-general was formerly a rank or appointment in the British Army and Royal Marines , and briefly in the Royal Air Force . It first appeared in the army in the reign of James II , but did not exist in the Royal Marines until 1913 . In the 1740s , the substantive rank of brigadier-general was suppressed , and thereafter brigadier-general was a temporary appointment only , bestowed on a colonel or lieutenant-colonel ( or on a colonel commandant in the Royal Marines ) for the duration of a specific command . The appointment was abolished in both the Army and the Marines in 1921 , being replaced in the Army by the appointments of colonel-commandant ( which already existed as a rank in the Marines ) and colonel on the staff . Colonel-commandant was in turn replaced by the appointment of brigadier in both the Army and the Marines ( although not replacing the substantive rank of colonel commandant in the latter ) in 1928 . From the formation of the Royal Air Force on 1 April 1918 until 31 July 1919 , it used the appointment of brigadier-general . This was superseded by the rank of air commodore on the following day . The rank insignia for appointment of the brigadier-general was a crossed sword and baton ; the insignia for higher grades of general consist of this device , with the addition of a star ( major general ) , crown ( lieutenant general ) , or both ( `` full '' general ) . The equivalent naval appointment was commodore . Brigadier is the highest field officer rank ( hence the absence of the word `` general '' ) , whereas brigadier-general was the lowest general officer `` rank '' . However , the two ranks are considered equal . |
Block_party | A block party or street party is a crowded party in which many members of a single community congregate , either to observe an event of some importance or simply for mutual enjoyment . The name comes from the form of the party , which often involves closing an entire city block to vehicle traffic . Many times , there will be a celebration in the form of playing music and dance and activities like pony rides , inflatable slides , pop corn machines and barbecues . As a form of activism street parties are festive and/or artistic efforts to reclaim roadways as public space by large groups of people . They were made known in Western Europe and North America by the actions of Reclaim the Streets , a widespread `` dis-organization '' dedicated to reclaiming public space from automobiles and consumerism . |
Brenock_O'Connor | Brenock Grant O'Connor ( born 9 April 2000 ) is an English actor and singer best known for his role as Olly in the HBO fantasy TV series Game of Thrones . |
Boris_Prozorovsky | Boris Alekseyevich Prozorovsky ( Борис Алексеевич Прозоровский , 30 June 1891 , Saint Petersburg , Imperial Russia , -- 1937 , USSR ) was a Russian composer and songwriter who specialized in the genre of Russian romance . Many of his best-known songs ( `` Rings '' `` Caravan '' , `` Ships '' , among others ) were originally performed by his protégé and one-time partner Tamara Tsereteli , who recorded some in 1927 ( for the Muzpred/Muztrest record label ) , the year Prozorovsky 's career reached its peak . In 1929 the All-Russian Musicians Union 's Conference declared the whole genre of Russian romance ` counter-revolutionary ' . In 1930 Prozorovsky was arrested and spent three years in Gulag . After the release he continued to perform ( now with pianist Daniil Olenin ) , but in 1937 , at the height of the Great Purge , was arrested again and executed . |
Bon_Appétit | Bon Appétit is an American food and entertaining magazine published monthly . It was started in 1956 . It became a bimonthly magazine in December 1956 in Chicago . The magazine was acquired by M. Frank Jones in Kansas City , Missouri in 1965 . Jones was owner , editor and publisher until 1970 , when Bon Appétit was merged into the Pillsbury Company , who sold it to Knapp Communications , publishers of Architectural Digest , four years later . Condé Nast Publications , the current owners , purchased Knapp Communications in 1993 . Its sister publication was Gourmet , before the latter was discontinued in October 2009 . The magazine 's headquarters , which had been in Los Angeles , CA , were moved to New York City in early 2011 . The current editor is Adam Rapoport , previously Style Editor at Condé Nast 's GQ magazine . Prior to joining GQ , Rapoport edited the restaurant section at Time Out New York and worked as an editor and writer for the James Beard Foundation 's publications office . For the print edition , Condé Nast reported 1,452,953 paid subscriptions and 88,516 single copies in 2012 for the period ending November 2012 . The median age of its audience is 48.4 , of which 74 % are female . Also , 46 % of readers have college degrees and 36 % are professional or managerial employment . 59 % are married . Bon Appétits `` Bite me '' advertising campaign had an estimated $ 500,000 budget that included print and online ads , billboards , posters , and a sweepstakes . The ad campaign came after a period of `` sluggish performance '' since its sibling magazine Gourmet was canceled in 2009 , during which a limited number of readers and advertisers shifted to Bon Appétit . During the same period , other food magazines , such as Every Day With Rachael Ray and Food Network Magazine thrived . Bon Appétit sold 632 ad pages in 2012 , which is a one percent increase from 625 ad pages sold in 2009 but a decline of 27 percent from the 867 ad pages sold in 2008 . |
Breakout_Kings | Breakout Kings is an American drama television series that aired on the A&E network . It is a production of Fox 21 . The series was created , written , and executive-produced by Nick Santora and Matt Olmstead , who previously worked together on Prison Break . Peter Chernin , Katherine Pope , and Gavin Hood also served as executive producers . The series premiered on March 6 , 2011 , and was the most-watched original drama series in A&E 's history among adults 25 -- 54 and adults 18 -- 49 , delivering 1.6 million adults 25 -- 54 and 1.5 million adults 18 -- 49 . The series follows a task force assembled by the U.S. Marshals to capture prison escapees . Several current convicts are offered a chance to aid in this effort , with the promise of a transfer to a minimum-security prison and a reduction in their sentences for every fugitive they catch . However , if any of them tries to escape , they will all be returned to their original prisons and their sentences will be doubled . The series was picked up for a second season which premiered on March 4 , 2012 . The second-season finale aired on April 29 , 2012 , at 9 p.m. ET/PT and featured two back-to-back episodes , `` Freakshow '' and `` Served Cold '' , instead of the usual one-hour installment at 10 p.m. A&E canceled Breakout Kings on May 17 , 2012 , after two seasons . |
Bread_and_Roses_(2000_film) | Bread and Roses is a 2000 film directed by Ken Loach , starring Pilar Padilla , Adrien Brody and Elpidia Carrillo . The plot deals with the struggle of poorly paid janitorial workers in Los Angeles and their fight for better working conditions and the right to unionize . It is based on the `` Justice for Janitors '' campaign of the Service Employees International Union ( SEIU ) . The film is critical of inequalities in the United States . Health insurance in particular is highlighted and it is also stated in the film that the pay of cleaners and other low paying jobs has declined in recent years . The film 's name , `` Bread and Roses '' , derives from the 1912 textile strike in Lawrence , Massachusetts . Though the phrase comes from a 1911 poem by James Oppenheim ( which was , in turn , based on a speech given by Rose Schneiderman ) , it is commonly associated with the Lawrence strike , which united dozens of immigrant communities , led to a large extent by women , under the leadership of the Industrial Workers of the World . |
Blackstreet_(album) | Blackstreet is the self-titled debut studio album from American R&B group Blackstreet , released in 1994 on Interscope Records . The group was formed by Riley with Chauncey Hannibal after the dissolution of Teddy Riley 's former group Guy . The other members of Blackstreet - Joseph Stonestreet and Levi Little - were session singers alongside Hannibal on Bobby Brown 's third album Bobby , an album that was mostly produced by Riley . They recorded one song for the soundtrack of the Chris Rock film CB4 called `` Baby Be Mine '' . Before they could record an album , Stonestreet left the group and was replaced by former Force One Network singer Dave Hollister . When they re-recorded `` Baby Be Mine '' for their self-titled debut , Hollister 's vocals were added on the album version of the song . Hip hop producer Erick Sermon co-produced the first single `` Booti Call '' , which was a response to the rape trial and conviction of professional boxer Mike Tyson at the time of the album 's release . Riley , who was a close friend of Tyson , referenced his incarceration in the album 's liner notes : and to our main man Mike Tyson `` we ca n't wait '' . The song 's opening was done by stand up comedian Bill Bellamy , who popularized his infamous saying on an episode of Russell Simmons ' Def Comedy Jam . The second single `` Before I Let You Go '' was released with a music video that featured appearances by actors Omar Epps and Shari Headley . Also on the album is former member of The Sylvers songwriter and producer Leon Sylvers III , who collaborated with Riley on the writing and production of several songs on the album . Riley 's proteges The Neptunes make one of their earliest appearances on Blackstreet as well - with Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo receiving a co-writing and assistant producer credit on the song `` Tonight 's the Night '' , while Hugo plays the saxophone on the ballad `` Happy Home '' . Singer Michael Jackson helped with the composition of `` Joy '' - a song that was originally intended for Jackson 's 1991 album Dangerous . Blackstreet would be the first and last album with members Hollister and Little , who left the group at the end of 1995 . The album peaked at number fifty-two on the Billboard 200 chart . By April 1995 , it was certified platinum in sales by the RIAA , after sales exceeding 1,000,000 copies in the United States . The remake of the Stevie Wonder song `` Love 's in Need of Love Today '' was featured in the 1995 Harrison Ford film Sabrina , but it does not appear on the film 's soundtrack . |
Blow_(Kesha_song) | `` Blow '' is a song by American recording artist and songwriter Kesha from her first extended play ( EP ) , Cannibal ( 2010 ) . The song was released on February 8 , 2011 . It was written by Kesha , along with Klas Åhlund , Lukasz Gottwald , Allan Grigg , Benjamin Levin and Max Martin , with production done by Dr. Luke , Max Martin , Benny Blanco and Kool Kojak . According to Kesha the song 's lyrics are representative of herself and her fans . `` Blow '' is dominantly an electropop and dance-pop song and is described as a party anthem as it portrays a simple message of having a desire to have a good time at a club . Critical reception of `` Blow '' has been generally positive , with most critics praising the song 's hook , opening , and party anthem vibe , though some found the chorus uninspiring and ordinary . Kesha 's vocal work throughout the song was met with mixed reaction : some critics felt that she was both sassy and brash , while other critics felt that her personality was missing from the song . Commercially , `` Blow '' reached the top ten in the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States and Australia , becoming her sixth consecutive top-ten hit in both countries as a solo artist . The song also reached the top ten in New Zealand , and the top 20 in Canadian Hot 100 in Canada . The song 's accompanying music video was directed by Chris Marrs Piliero and was released February 25 , 2011 . The video co-stars actor James Van Der Beek , who plays Kesha 's nemesis . Piliero and Kesha came up with the video 's concept and is intended to be simplistic , a video that is cool and random . Reception of the video by critics were positive , with the mid-video dialogue scene 's humor being highlighted . |
Bob_Corker | Robert Phillips Corker Jr. ( born August 24 , 1952 ) is an American politician and the junior United States Senator from Tennessee , serving since 2007 . Corker , a member of the Republican Party , is currently the chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations in the 115th Congress . In 1978 , Corker founded a successful construction company , which he sold in 1990 . He ran for the 1994 U.S. Senate election in Tennessee , but was defeated by future Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist in the Republican primary . Appointed by Tennessee Governor Don Sundquist , Corker served as Commissioner of Finance and Administration for the State of Tennessee from 1995-96 . He later acquired two of the largest real estate companies in Chattanooga , Tennessee , before being elected the 71st Mayor of Chattanooga in 2000 ; he served one term as mayor from 2001-05 . Corker announced his candidacy for the 2006 U.S. Senate election in Tennessee after Frist , a two-term incumbent , announced his retirement from the Senate . Corker defeated Democratic Representative Harold Ford , Jr. in the general election , with 51 % of the vote . In 2012 Corker was re-elected , defeating Democrat Mark E. Clayton , 65 % to 30 % . |