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Aleksey_Goganov | Aleksey Goganov ( Алексей Гоганов born 26 July 1991 ) is a Russian chess player . Born in Saint Petersburg , he was awarded by FIDE the title Grandmaster ( GM ) in 2013 . The norms required for the title were achieved after sharing second place in the 81st Saint Petersburg Championship in 2009 , sharing first in a round-robin tournament in Moscow in 2009 and scoring 6.5 / 11 points at the 2013 European Individual Championship . Goganov is twice champion of Saint Petersburg : 2008 and 2016 . He won the Lev Polugaevsky Memorial in 2012 on tiebreak , won the Chepukaitis Memorial in August 2013 and qualified for the Russian Chess Championship Superfinal in 2013 , eventually finishing in eighth place . He competed in the Chess World Cup 2015 , where he lost in the first round to Peter Leko and as a result was eliminated from the competition . In 2016 , Goganov shared first place in the Riga Technical University Open in Riga with Martyn Kravtsiv ( the eventual winner on tiebreak score ) , Hrant Melkumyan , Arturs Neiksans and Jiri Stocek . |
Amy_Adams_filmography | Amy Adams is an American actress who made her film debut in the 1999 black comedy Drop Dead Gorgeous . She went on to guest star in a variety of television shows , including That '70s Show , Charmed , Buffy the Vampire Slayer , and The Office , and also appeared in minor film roles . In 2002 , she had her first major role in Steven Spielberg 's biographical crime drama Catch Me If You Can . However , the film did not launch her career as Spielberg had hoped . Three years later , she made the breakthrough with the comedy-drama Junebug ( 2005 ) , for which she received her first Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress nomination . Adams also appeared in the romantic comedy The Wedding Date that same year . In 2007 , she starred in the Disney romantic comedy Enchanted , for which she won the Saturn Award for Best Actress , and was nominated for her first Golden Globe Award for Best Actress ( Comedy or Musical ) . In 2008 , Adams played a nun in the drama Doubt , opposite Philip Seymour Hoffman and Meryl Streep , for which she garnered her second Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actress and won the Spotlight Award from the Palm Springs International Film Festival . She then starred in the comedy-drama Julie & Julia ( 2009 ) opposite Streep , and played Amelia Earhart in the adventure comedy sequel Night at the Museum : Battle of the Smithsonian ( 2009 ) . The following year , she featured in David O. Russell 's biographical sports drama The Fighter ( 2010 ) , which garnered her a third nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress . She next starred in the musical comedy The Muppets ( 2011 ) , and in 2012 , she appeared in Paul Thomas Anderson 's drama The Master , opposite Hoffman and Joaquin Phoenix . Her performance in the latter earned her a fourth Best Supporting Actress nomination at the Academy Awards . Adams had three film releases in 2013 . She played Lois Lane in the superhero film Man of Steel ( 2013 ) , reunited with Phoenix on the science fiction comedy-drama Her ( 2013 ) , and starred as a con woman in Russell 's crime comedy-drama American Hustle ( 2013 ) . For the last of these , she won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress ( Comedy or Musical ) and received her first Academy Award for Best Actress nomination . In 2014 , Adams starred in the drama Lullaby , and portrayed American artist Margaret Keane in Tim Burton 's comedy-drama Big Eyes . For the latter , she garnered a second consecutive Golden Globe Award for Best Actress ( Comedy or Musical ) , becoming the fourth actress to achieve this feat . In 2016 , she reprised her role of Lane in Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice , her highest-grossing release . In the same year , Adams garnered critical acclaim for her performances in the science fiction drama Arrival and the psychological thriller Nocturnal Animals . |
Alexander_III_of_Russia | Alexander III ( -LSB- Алекса́ндр III Алекса́ндрович , r = Aleksandr III Aleksandrovich -RSB- 1845 1894 ) was the Emperor of Russia , King of Poland , and Grand Duke of Finland from until his death on . He was highly conservative and reversed some of the liberal reforms of his father , Alexander II . During Alexander 's reign Russia fought no major wars , for which he was styled `` The Peacemaker '' ( -LSB- Миротво́рец , Mirotvórets , p = mʲɪrɐˈtvorʲɪt͡s -RSB- ) . |
All_the_King's_Men_(2006_film) | All the King 's Men is a 2006 American political drama film based on the 1946 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name by Robert Penn Warren . All the King 's Men had previously been adapted into a Best Picture-winning film by writer-director Robert Rossen in 1949 . It was directed by Steven Zaillian , who also produced and scripted . The film is about the life of Willie Stark ( played by Sean Penn ) , a fictional character resembling Louisiana governor Huey Long , in office 1928 through 1932 . He was elected as a US Senator and assassinated in 1935 . The film co-stars Jude Law , Kate Winslet , Anthony Hopkins , James Gandolfini , Mark Ruffalo , Patricia Clarkson and Jackie Earle Haley . |
American_Athletic_Conference_Men's_Basketball_Tournament | The American Athletic Conference Men 's Basketball Tournament ( sometimes known simply as The American Championship ) is the conference tournament in basketball for the American Athletic Conference . It is a single-elimination tournament that involves all league schools ( 12 with the addition of Wichita State for the 2017 -- 18 season ) . Its seeding is based on regular season records . The winner receives the conference 's automatic bid to the NCAA men 's basketball tournament , however the official conference championship is awarded to the team or teams with the best regular season record . The creation of the conference tournament was a product of the split of the original Big East Conference . While The American is the legal successor to the old Big East , it gave up the rights to the long-standing conference tournament at Madison Square Garden in New York City to the new Big East . As a result , the 2014 tournament was numbered as the first tournament for the conference . |
Amy_Arbus | Amy Arbus ( born April 16 , 1954 ) is an American , New York City-based , photographer . She teaches portraiture at the International Center of Photography , Anderson Ranch , NORD photography and the Fine Arts Work Center . She has published several books of photography , including The Fourth Wall which The New Yorker called her `` masterpiece . '' Her work has appeared in over 100 periodicals including The New Yorker , Vanity Fair , Rolling Stone , Architectural Digest , and The New York Times Magazine . She is the daughter of actor Allan Arbus and photographer Diane Arbus , the sister of writer and journalist Doon Arbus , and the niece of distinguished poet Howard Nemerov . |
All_American_High | All American High is a 1987 documentary film directed by Keva Rosenfeld that chronicles the life of the 1984 senior class at Torrance High School in Los Angeles County , California . The film is narrated by the Finnish exchange student `` Rikki '' Rauhala and observes 1980s California high school culture from a foreigner 's perspective . The film was independently financed , with additional funds provided through an American Film Institute ( AFI ) − National Endowment for the Arts ( NEA ) grant . The film was selected for Grand Jury Prize competition at the 1987 Sundance Film Festival . It was originally broadcast on Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) . All American High Revisited A second documentary film about the former Torrance High senior class was directed by Keva Rosenfeld in 2014 ( released in 2015 ) , All American High Revisited . It combines the original film with new footage of the film 's principal subjects being interviewed on their high school years , the process of growing up , and the various paths in life that they took . |
Amy_(2015_film) | Amy is a 2015 British documentary film about the life and death of British singer-songwriter Amy Winehouse . Directed by Asif Kapadia and produced by James Gay-Rees , George Pank , and Paul Bell and co-produced by Krishwerkz Entertainment , On The Corner Films , Playmaker Films , and Universal Music , in association with Film 4 . The film covers Winehouse 's life and her struggle with substance abuse , both before and after her career blossomed , and which eventually caused her death . In February 2015 , a teaser trailer based on the life of Winehouse debuted at the pre-Grammy event in the build-up to the 2015 Grammy Awards . David Joseph , CEO of Universal Music UK , announced that the documentary entitled simply Amy would be released later that year . He further stated : `` About two years ago we decided to make a movie about her -- her career and her life . It 's a very complicated and tender movie . It tackles lots of things about family and media , fame , addiction , but most importantly , it captures the very heart of what she was about , which is an amazing person and a true musical genius . '' The film was shown in the Midnight Screenings section at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival and received its UK premiere at the Edinburgh International Film Festival . The film is distributed by the Altitude Film Distribution and A24 , and was released theatrically on 3 July 2015 in the United Kingdom and United States , and worldwide on 10 July . Amy became the highest-grossing British documentary of all time , taking # 3 million at the box office in its first weekend . The film has received 33 nominations and has won a total of 30 film awards , including for Best European Documentary at the 28th European Film Awards , Best Documentary at the 69th British Academy Film Awards , Best Music Film at the 58th Grammy Awards , the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature at the 88th Academy Awards and for Best Documentary at the 2016 MTV Movie Awards . The success of the film and the music from the soundtrack of the same name also led Winehouse her second posthumous nomination at the 2016 BRIT Awards for `` British Female Solo Artist '' . |
All_the_President's_Men | All the President 's Men is a 1974 non-fiction book by Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward , two of the journalists investigating the first Watergate break-in and ensuing scandal for The Washington Post . The book chronicles the investigative reporting of Woodward and Bernstein from Woodward 's initial report on the Watergate break-in through the resignations of H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman , and the revelation of the Nixon tapes by Alexander Butterfield in 1973 . It relates the events behind the major stories the duo wrote for the Post , naming some sources who had previously refused to be identified for their initial articles , notably Hugh Sloan . It also gives detailed accounts of Woodward 's secret meetings with his source Deep Throat whose identity was kept hidden for over 30 years . Gene Roberts , the former executive editor of The Philadelphia Inquirer and former managing editor of The New York Times , has called the work of Woodward and Bernstein `` maybe the single greatest reporting effort of all time . '' A film adaptation , produced by Robert Redford and starring Redford and Dustin Hoffman as Woodward and Bernstein , respectively , was released in 1976 . That same year , a sequel to the book , The Final Days , was published , which chronicled the last months of Nixon 's presidency , starting around the time that their previous book ended . |
Alejandro_Sosa | Alejandro `` Alex '' Sosa is a fictional character and the main antagonist in the 1983 American crime film Scarface and the 2006 video game Scarface : The World Is Yours . He is a Bolivian drug dealer and the chief supplier of cocaine for Tony Montana . Only when Sosa was felt betrayed did his relationship with Tony Montana end . Sosa is portrayed by Paul Shenar in the film and voiced by Robert Davi in the game . He is based on the Bolivian drug trafficker Roberto Suárez Goméz . |
Alex_Smith_(entrepreneur) | Alex Smith ( born November 6 , 1986 , Fort Wayne , Indiana ) is an American entrepreneur , community activist , and philanthropist . He is the co-founder & CEO of the venture backed 3BG Supply Co. ( Panzit International ) , an industrial automation and distribution company and the winner of Fort Wayne Business Weekly 's `` Emerging Company of the Year '' award , Business Weekly 's overall `` Innovators of the Year '' award and named a nominee in TechPoint 's 16th Annual Mira Awards which recognizes the best in technology in Indiana . Nominees are chosen by more than 40 subject matter experts , of which , 3BG was nominated Tech Innovation of the year . He is also the co-founder of A Better Fort , co-founder of BAALS Music Festival , creator of the #HipHop 4theCity ( MY CITY ) music project , and the business manager of Nyzzy Nyce , an American rapper and founder of the Hurricane Music Group . Smith is a recipient of the 2014 Fort Wayne Business Weekly `` 40 Under 40 '' award , Journal Gazette 's FOCUS : Rookie of the Year in 2014 and a Bishop Dwenger Hall of Fame Inductee as Alumnus of the Year 2015 . |
American_Top_Team | American Top Team ( ATT ) is one of the primary teams in mixed martial arts . It was founded by former members of Brazilian Top Team , Ricardo Liborio , Marcus `` Conan '' Silveira and Marcelo Silveira but there is no formal affiliation between the two teams . ATT 's main academy is in Coconut Creek , Florida but has academies throughout the United States . ATT features professional fighters who have competed in many major promotions such as the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , PRIDE Fighting Championships , DREAM , K-1 , Strikeforce , and Bellator . |
Amateur_wrestling | Amateur wrestling is the most widespread form of sport wrestling . There are two international wrestling styles performed in the Olympic Games under the supervision of United World Wrestling ( UWW ; formerly known as FILA , from the French acronym for International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles ) : Greco-Roman and freestyle . Freestyle is possibly derived from the English Lancashire style . A similar style , commonly called collegiate ( also known as scholastic or folkstyle ) , is practiced in colleges and universities , secondary schools , middle schools , and among younger age groups in the United States . Where the style is not specified , this article refers to the international styles of competition on a mat . In February 2013 , the IOC voted to remove the sport from the 2020 Summer Olympics onwards . On 8 September 2013 , the IOC announced that wrestling would return to the Summer Olympics in 2020 . The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts ( MMA ) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness in the sport and it is considered a core discipline . |
Alan_Arkin | Alan Wolf Arkin ( born March 26 , 1934 ) is an American actor , director , screenwriter , musician , and singer . With a film career spanning more than 55 years , Arkin is known for his performances in Popi , Wait Until Dark , The Russians Are Coming , the Russians Are Coming , The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter , Catch-22 , The In-Laws , Edward Scissorhands , Glengarry Glen Ross , Thirteen Conversations About One Thing , Little Miss Sunshine , and Argo . He has been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor twice for his performances in The Russians Are Coming , the Russians Are Coming and The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter . He won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Little Miss Sunshine and received a Best Supporting Actor nomination for his performance in Argo . |
Alfonso_III_of_Aragon | Alfonso III ( 4 November 1265 , in Valencia -- 18 June 1291 ) , called the Liberal ( el Liberal ) or the Free ( also `` the Frank , '' from el Franc ) , was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona ( as Alfons II ) from 1285 . He conquered the Kingdom of Majorca between his succession and 1287 . He was a son of King Peter III of Aragon and Constance , daughter and heiress of King Manfred of Sicily . Soon after assuming the throne , he conducted a campaign to reincorporate the Balearic Islands into the Kingdom of Aragon - which had been lost due to the division of the kingdom by his grandfather , James I of Aragon . Thus in 1285 he declared war on his uncle , James II of Majorca , and conquered both Majorca ( 1285 ) and Ibiza ( 1286 ) , effectively reassuming suzerainty over the Kingdom of Majorca . He followed this with the conquest of Minorca - until then , an autonomous Muslim state ( Manûrqa ) within the Kingdom of Majorca - on 17 January 1287 , the anniversary of which now serves as Minorca 's national holiday . He initially sought to maintain Aragonese control over Sicily early in his reign by supporting the claims to the island of his brother , James II of Aragon . However , he later retracted the support for his brother shortly before his death and instead tried to make peace with the Papal States France . His reign was marred by a constitutional struggle with the Aragonese nobles , which eventually culminated in the articles of the Union of Aragon - the so-called `` Magna Carta of Aragon '' , which devolved several key royal powers into the hands of lesser nobles . His inability to resist the demands of his nobles was to leave a heritage of disunity in Aragon and further dissent amongst the nobility , who increasingly saw little reason to respect the throne , and brought the Kingdom of Aragon close to anarchy . During his lifetime a dynastic marriage with Eleanor , daughter of King Edward I of England , was arranged . However Alfonso died before meeting his bride . He died at the age of 26 in 1291 , and was buried in the Franciscan convent in Barcelona ; since 1852 his remains have been buried in Barcelona Cathedral . Dante Alighieri , in the Divine Comedy , recounts that he saw Alfonso 's spirit seated outside the gates of Purgatory with the other monarchs whom Dante blamed for the chaotic political state of Europe during the 13th century . |
Amadeus_I,_Count_of_Savoy | Amadeus I ( c. 975 -- c. 1052 ) , nicknamed of the Tail or la Coda ( Latin caudatus , `` tailed '' ) , was an early count of the House of Savoy . He was probably the eldest son of Umberto I. His nickname derives from an anecdote , preserved only in a thirteenth-century manuscript , that when he met the Emperor Henry III at Verona in 1046 , he refused to enter the emperor 's chambers without his large train of knights , his `` tail '' . Amadeus is first attested in a document of 8 April 1022 , when , along with his younger brother Burchard , bishop of Belley , he witnessed a donation of Lambert , bishop of Langres , to his father . Probably sometime after this and before 1030 , Amadeus , Burchard , and a third brother , Otto , joined their father in witnessing a donation made by one Aymon de Pierrefort to the Abbey of Cluny . In a further two undated charters of probably about the same period , Amadeus together with his brothers Otto and Aymon and his father made donations to the Abbey of Cluny and the church of Saint-Maurice at Matassine . Amadeus and his father also witnessed another donation , made by several nobleman , to the Abbey of Savigny . The first record of Amadeus 's marriage and use of the comital title ( `` count '' , Latin comes ) comes from a single document dated 22 October 1030 . On that date , at Grenoble , the count and his wife , Adelaide , of unknown family , gave the church of Matassine to Cluny . The act was witnessed by one Humbert and his wife Ausilia -- who were perhaps Amadeus 's father and mother -- and also by his brother Otto and by the King of Burgundy and his queen , Rudolf III and Ermengarda . Although the document of 1030 does not demonstrate that Amadeus and his father both held the rank of count simultaneously , Humbert 's diploma of 1040 for the Diocese of Aosta was confirmed by his eldest son bearing the title count . On 21 January 1042 Amadeus , Otto and Aymon confirmed another diploma of their father favouring the church of Saint-Chaffre . On 10 June Count Amadeus , Count Humbert and Otto donated the church of Echelles to the church of Saint-Laurence in Grenoble . For the following decade there is no notice of Amadeus 's activities , and his last action was record on 10 December 1051 . In this document he is called `` Count of Belley '' ( comes Bellicensium ) , but it is almost certainly the same Count Amadeus as the son of Humbert I. Amadeus died shortly after 1051 and , according to fourteenth-century sources , was buried in Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne . His son Humbert had predeceased him , but he left behind a son , Aymon , who became Bishop of Belley . He may have had a daughter who married into the family of the Counts of Geneva . He was succeeded by his brother Otto in the countship . |
Allende_meteorite | The Allende meteorite is the largest carbonaceous chondrite ever found on Earth . The fireball was witnessed at 01:05 on February 8 , 1969 , falling over the Mexican state of Chihuahua . After breaking up in the atmosphere , an extensive search for pieces was conducted and it is often described as `` the best-studied meteorite in history '' . The Allende meteorite is notable for possessing abundant , large calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions , which are among the oldest objects formed in the Solar System . Carbonaceous chondrites comprise about 4 percent of all meteorites observed to fall from space . Prior to 1969 , the carbonaceous chondrite class was known from a small number of uncommon meteorites such as Orgueil , which fell in France in 1864 . Meteorites similar to Allende were known , but many were small and poorly studied . |
American_Classical_Music_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum | The American Classical Music Hall of Fame and Museum is a non-profit organization celebrating past and present individuals and institutions that have made significant contributions to classical music -- `` people who have contributed to American music and music in America '' , according to Samuel Adler ( co-chairman of the organization 's first artistic directorate ) . The project was founded in 1996 by Cincinnati businessman and civic leader David A. Klingshirm and inducted its first honorees in 1998 . The organization 's offices and exhibits are housed in the Hamilton County Memorial Building , next door to the Cincinnati Music Hall in the Over-the-Rhine neighborhood of Cincinnati , Ohio . The exhibits are not open to the public but are on view during some events at the School for Creative and Performing Arts in Cincinnati and via a virtual museum . `` The Classical Walk of Fame '' , pavement stones engraved with names of American Classical Music Hall of Fame inductees , was opened in Washington Park outside the steps of the Cincinnati Music Hall in 2012 . A mobile app allows park visitors to read biographies of the inductees , listen to samples of their music , and view related pictures . They can also play classical music through a mobile jukebox which activates the park 's `` dancing fountain '' . |
Alphonso_Taft | Alphonso Taft ( November 5 , 1810 -- May 21 , 1891 ) was a jurist , diplomat , Attorney General and Secretary of War under President Ulysses S. Grant . He was also the founder of an American political dynasty , and father of President and Chief Justice William Howard Taft . As Secretary of War , Taft reformed the War Department by allowing commanders at Indian forts to choose who could start and run post traderships . While serving as Attorney General , he strongly held that African Americans must not be denied the right to vote through intimidation and violence . Attorney General Taft coauthored a bill to Congress , signed into law by President Grant , that created the Elections Commission that settled the controversial Hayes-Tilden election . In 1882 Taft was appointed as minister to Austria-Hungary by Chester A. Arthur in 1882 . He served until July 4 , 1884 , and was then transferred by President Arthur to Minister of Russia in St. Petersburg and served until August , 1885 . Taft had a reputation for serving political office with integrity and character . |
And_Now_His_Watch_Is_Ended | `` And Now His Watch Is Ended '' is the fourth episode of the third season of HBO 's fantasy television series Game of Thrones , and the 24th episode of the series . It was written by showrunners and executive producers David Benioff and D. B. Weiss and directed by Alex Graves , his directorial debut for the series . The episode 's title comes from a chant made by the Night 's Watch at the funeral of a fallen brother while at Craster 's Keep . |
Arnold_Palmer | Arnold Daniel Palmer ( September 10 , 1929 -- September 25 , 2016 ) was an American professional golfer who is generally regarded as one of the greatest and most charismatic players in the sport 's history . Dating back to 1955 , he won numerous events on both the PGA Tour and the circuit now known as PGA Tour Champions . Nicknamed The King , he was one of golf 's most popular stars and its most important trailblazer , the first superstar of the sport 's television age , which began in the 1950s . Palmer 's social impact on behalf of golf was perhaps unrivaled among fellow professionals ; his humble background and plain-spoken popularity helped change the perception of golf from an elite , upper-class pastime ( private clubs ) to a more populist sport accessible to middle and working classes ( public courses ) . Palmer , Jack Nicklaus , and Gary Player were `` The Big Three '' in golf during the 1960s ; they are widely credited with popularizing and commercializing the sport around the world . In a career that spanned more than six decades , he won 62 PGA Tour titles from 1955 to 1973 , placing him at that time behind only Sam Snead and Ben Hogan , and still fifth on the Tour 's all-time victory list . He collected seven major titles in a six-plus-year domination , from the 1958 Masters to the 1964 Masters . He also won the PGA Tour Lifetime Achievement Award in 1998 , and in 1974 was one of the 13 original inductees into the World Golf Hall of Fame . |
Anna_Dawson | Anna Dawson ( born 27 July 1937 ) is an English actress and singer . Born in Bolton , Lancashire , Dawson spent part of her childhood in Tanganyika , where her father worked . She attended the Elmhurst Ballet School and after training at the Central School of Speech and Drama she learned her craft by playing in repertory theatre companies . Dawson went on to star in several West End musicals . She featured in episodes of Dixon of Dock Green during the 1960s , The Benny Hill Show during the 1980s , and played Hyacinth 's sister Violet ( `` the one with the Mercedes , sauna and room for a pony '' ) in the final series of the sitcom Keeping Up Appearances , though her character was only featured on screen briefly in four episodes . Dawson is married to former Black and White Minstrel Show soloist John Boulter . |
Antigua_and_Barbuda | Antigua and Barbuda ( -LSB- ænˈtiːɡə_ənd_bɑːrˈbjuːdə -RSB- ;) is a twin-island country in the Americas , lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands ( including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda ) . The permanent population numbers about 81,800 ( at the 2011 Census ) and the capital and largest port and city is St. John 's , on Antigua . Separated by a few nautical miles , Antigua and Barbuda are in the middle of the Leeward Islands , part of the Lesser Antilles , roughly at 17 ° N of the equator . The country 's name was given by Christopher Columbus in 1493 after discovering the island , in honor of the Virgin of La Antigua in the Seville Cathedral . The country is nicknamed `` Land of 365 Beaches '' due to the many beaches surrounding the islands . Its governance , language , and culture have all been strongly influenced by the British Empire , of which the country was formerly a part . |
Area_51 | The United States Air Force facility commonly known as Area 51 is a highly classified remote detachment of Edwards Air Force Base , within the Nevada Test and Training Range . According to the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) , the correct names for the facility are Homey Airport and Groom Lake , though the name Area 51 was used in a CIA document from the Vietnam War . Other names used for the facility include Dreamland and nicknames Paradise Ranch , Home Base , and Watertown . The special use airspace around the field is referred to as Restricted Area 4808 North ( R-4808N ) . The base 's current primary purpose is publicly unknown ; however , based on historical evidence , it most likely supports the development and testing of experimental aircraft and weapons systems ( black projects ) . The intense secrecy surrounding the base has made it the frequent subject of conspiracy theories and a central component to unidentified flying object ( UFO ) folklore . Although the base has never been declared a secret base , all research and occurrences in Area 51 are Top Secret/Sensitive Compartmented Information ( TS/SCI ) . In July 2013 , following a Freedom of Information Act ( FOIA ) request filed in 2005 , the CIA publicly acknowledged the existence of the base for the first time , declassifying documents detailing the history and purpose of Area 51 . Area 51 is located in the southern portion of Nevada in the western United States , 83 mi north-northwest of Las Vegas . Situated at its center , on the southern shore of Groom Lake , is a large military airfield . The site was acquired by the United States Air Force in 1955 , primarily for the flight testing of the Lockheed U-2 aircraft . The area around Area 51 , including the small town of Rachel on the `` Extraterrestrial Highway '' , is a popular tourist destination . |
Arnold_Air_Force_Base | Arnold Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base located in Coffee and Franklin counties , Tennessee , adjacent to the city of Tullahoma . It is named for General Henry `` Hap '' Arnold , the father of the U.S. Air Force . There is no longer an active airfield on the base , as the airfield was decommissioned in 2009 . Army aviation assets ( helicopters ) continue to utilize Arnold as part of missions supporting Fort Campbell , Kentucky or the Tennessee Army National Guard . The base is home to the Arnold Engineering Development Complex ( AEDC ) , the most advanced and largest complex of flight simulation test facilities in the world . The center operates 58 aerodynamic and propulsion wind tunnels , rocket and turbine engine test cells , space environmental chambers , arc heaters , ballistic ranges and other specialized units . AEDC is an Air Force Test Center organization . The commander of Arnold Engineering Development Center is Col. Rodney F. Todaro . and Mark A. Mehalic is the Executive Director , . |
Antigua_and_Barbuda_at_the_Paralympics | Antigua and Barbuda made its Paralympic Games début at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London , sending a single representative ( Jamol Pilgrim ) to compete in athletics . The Antigua and Barbuda Paralympic Committee ( ABPC ) was established on 15 March 2012 . Its immediate purpose was to enable Pilgrim , `` the nation 's only Paralympic athlete '' , to compete at the 2012 Games , as this required his country having a National Paralympic Committee . Pilgrim had been a sprinter with Olympic aspirations until a car crash in 2009 had resulted in his right leg being amputated above the knee . Now running with a prosthetic , he met the ` A ' standard qualifying time in 2011 to compete in London , in the men 's 100m T42 sprint . |
Antigua_and_Barbuda_at_the_2007_World_Championships_in_Athletics | Antigua and Barbuda competed at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics with 2 athletes . |
Arthur_Potts_Dawson | Arthur Potts Dawson ( born 1971 in Camden , London ) started cooking around 1990 . He started with a three-year apprenticeship with the Roux brothers , worked with Rowley Leigh at Kensington Place for two years , with Rose Gray and Ruth Rogers at the River Café for four years , Hugh Fernley-Whittingstall and Pierre Khoffman both for a year . He worked as head chef at the River Café and went on to restyle Petersham Nurseries Cafe , re-launch Cecconi 's restaurant , and to work as executive head chef for Jamie Oliver 's Fifteen Restaurant . Potts Dawson was the star of The People 's Supermarket , televised on C4 in early 2011 . The People 's Supermarket , a concept based on being staffed entirely by local residents , to keep costs low and prices affordable . The show also starred Grandma Josie , campaigning for the working class , and goldsmith Jocelyn Burton . Dawson is the nephew of Mick Jagger . |
Angevin_kings_of_England | The Angevins -LSB- ˈændʒᵻvᵻns -RSB- ( `` from Anjou '' ) were an English royal house in the 12th and early 13th centuries ; its monarchs were Henry II , Richard I and John . In the 10 years from 1144 , two successive counts of Anjou , Geoffrey and his son , the future Henry II , won control of a vast assemblage of lands in western Europe that would last for 80 years and would retrospectively be referred to as the Angevin Empire . As a political entity this was structurally different from the preceding Norman and subsequent Plantagenet realms . Geoffrey became Duke of Normandy in 1144 and died in 1151 . In 1152 his heir , Henry , added Aquitaine by virtue of his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine . Henry also inherited the claim of his mother , Empress Matilda , the daughter of King Henry I , to the English throne , to which he succeeded in 1154 following the death of King Stephen . Henry was succeeded by his third son , Richard , whose reputation for martial prowess won him the epithet `` Cœur de Lion '' or `` Lionheart '' . He was born and raised in England but spent very little time there during his adult life , perhaps as little as six months . Despite this Richard remains an enduring iconic figure both in England and in France , and is one of very few kings of England remembered by his nickname as opposed to regnal number . When Richard died , his brother John -- Henry 's fifth and only surviving son -- took the throne . In 1204 John lost much of the Angevins ' continental territories , including Anjou , to the French crown . He and his successors were still recognized as dukes of Aquitaine . The loss of Anjou from which the dynasty is named is the rationale behind John 's sonHenry III of England being considered the first Plantageneta name derived from a nickname for Geoffrey . Where no distinction is made between the Angevinsand Angevin era and subsequent English Kings , Henry II is the first Plantagenet king . From John the dynasty continued successfully and unbroken in the senior male line until the reign of Richard II before dividing into two competing cadet branches , the House of Lancaster and the House of York . |
Armageddon_(2007) | Armageddon ( 2007 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and took place on December 16 , 2007 , at the Mellon Arena in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . The event , sponsored by Activision 's Call of Duty 4 : Modern Warfare , was the eighth event produced under the Armageddon name and starred wrestlers from the Raw , SmackDown ! , and ECW brands . Eight professional wrestling matches were scheduled for the event , which featured a supercard , a scheduling of more than one main bout . The first of these was a Triple Threat match from the SmackDown brand that featured Edge defeating World Heavyweight Champion Batista and The Undertaker to win the title . The second was a singles match from the Raw brand , in which Chris Jericho defeated WWE Champion Randy Orton by disqualification . Orton , however retained the championship per WWE regulations that a title can not change hands on a disqualification . The other was a tag team match from the ECW brand , in which the team of Big Daddy V and Mark Henry defeated the team of CM Punk and Kane . Attended live by 12,500 people , Armageddon received 237,000 pay-per-view buys . Critical reception to the event was mainly positive . |
Anne_Hathaway_filmography | Anne Hathaway is an American actress and singer . She made her television debut when she was cast in a Fox Television series Get Real at the age of seventeen . She made her film debut with the lead role of Mia Thermopolis in the Disney comedy The Princess Diaries in 2001 . Her performances in The Other Side of Heaven ( 2001 ) , Nicholas Nickleby ( 2002 ) and Ella Enchanted ( 2004 ) were critically appreciated . Hathaway appeared in more critically acclaimed Ang Lee 's Brokeback Mountain in 2005 that received eight Academy Award nominations . She starred in The Devil Wears Prada in 2006 alongside Meryl Streep and Emily Blunt . Her performance in Rachel Getting Married ( 2008 ) got her widespread critical acclaim , for which she also received her first ever Academy Award nomination for Best Actress . Hathaway later starred in several romantic comedies like Bride Wars ( 2009 ) , Valentine 's Day ( 2010 ) , and Love & Other Drugs ( 2010 ) . Hathaway starred as Selina Kyle in The Dark Knight Rises in 2012 . Later that year , her performance as Fantine in Les Misérables won her an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress . Hathaway has played numerous voice roles in The Cat Returns ( 2003 ) , Hoodwinked ! ( 2005 ) , Rio ( 2011 ) and Rio 2 ( 2014 ) . |
Anton_LaVey | Anton Szandor LaVey ( born Howard Stanton Levey ; April 11 , 1930 -- October 29 , 1997 ) was an American author , musician and occultist . He was the founder of the Church of Satan and the religion of LaVeyan Satanism . He authored several books including The Satanic Bible , The Satanic Rituals , The Satanic Witch , The Devil 's Notebook , and Satan Speaks ! In addition , he released three albums , including The Satanic Mass , Satan Takes a Holiday , and Strange Music . He played a minor on-screen role and served as technical advisor for the 1975 film , The Devil 's Rain , and served as host and narrator for Nick Bougas ' 1989 mondo film , Death Scenes . LaVey was the subject of numerous articles in the news media throughout the world , including popular magazines such as Look , McCall 's , Newsweek , and TIME , and men 's magazines . He also appeared on talk shows such as The Joe Pyne Show , Donahue and The Tonight Show , and in two feature-length documentaries ; Satanis in 1970 , and Speak of the Devil : The Canon of Anton LaVey in 1993 . Two official biographies have been written on LaVey , including The Devil 's Avenger by Burton H. Wolfe , published in 1974 and The Secret Life of a Satanist by Blanche Barton , published in 1990 . Historian of Satanism Gareth J. Medway described LaVey as `` A born showman '' , with anthropologist Jean La Fontaine describing him as `` A colourful figure of considerable personal magnetism '' . Academic scholars of Satanism Per Faxneld and Jesper Aa . Petersen described LaVey as `` the most iconic figure in the satanic milieu '' . LaVey was labeled many things by journalists , religious detractors and Satanists alike , including `` The Father of Satanism '' , the `` St. Paul of Satanism '' , `` The Black Pope '' , and the `` evilest man in the world '' . |
Aquaman | Aquaman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Created by Paul Norris and Mort Weisinger , the character debuted in More Fun Comics # 73 ( November 1941 ) . Initially a backup feature in DC 's anthology titles , Aquaman later starred in several volumes of a solo title . During the late 1950s and 1960s superhero-revival period known as the Silver Age , he was a founding member of the Justice League of America . In the 1990s Modern Age , Aquaman 's character became more serious than in most previous interpretations , with storylines depicting the weight of his role as king of Atlantis . Aquaman has been adapted for screen many times , first appearing in animated form in the 1967 The Superman/Aquaman Hour of Adventure and then in the related Super Friends program . Since then he has appeared in various animated productions , including prominent roles in the 2000s series Justice League Unlimited and Batman : The Brave and the Bold , as well as several DC Universe Animated Original Movies . Actor Alan Ritchson also portrayed the role in live action in the television show Smallville . Jason Momoa portrayed the character in the 2016 film Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice ( 2016 ) and will reprise his role in the DC Extended Universe , including a solo film in 2018 . The character 's original 1960s animated appearances left a lasting impression , meaning Aquaman is widely recognised in popular culture . Jokes about his wholesome portrayal in Super Friends and perceived weaker powers and abilities have been staples of comedy programmes and stand-up routines , leading DC at several times to attempt to make the character edgier or more powerful in comic books . Modern comic book depictions have attempted to reconcile these various aspects of his public perception , casting Aquaman as serious and brooding , saddled with an ill reputation , and struggling to find a true role and purpose beyond his public side as a deposed king and a fallen hero . |
Antillia | Antillia ( or Antilia ) is a phantom island that was reputed , during the 15th-century age of exploration , to lie in the Atlantic Ocean , far to the west of Portugal and Spain . The island also went by the name of Isle of Seven Cities ( Ilha das Sete Cidades in Portuguese , Isla de las Siete Ciudades in Spanish ) . It originates from an old Iberian legend , set during the Muslim conquest of Hispania c. 714 . Seeking to flee from the Muslim conquerors , seven Christian Visigothic bishops embarked with their flocks on ships and set sail westwards into the Atlantic Ocean , eventually landing on an island ( Antilha ) where they founded seven settlements . The island makes its first explicit appearance as a large rectangular island in the 1424 portolan chart of Zuane Pizzigano . Thereafter , it routinely appeared in most nautical charts of the 15th century . After 1492 , when the north Atlantic Ocean began to be routinely sailed , and became more accurately mapped , depictions of Antillia gradually disappeared . It nonetheless lent its name to the Spanish Antilles . The routine appearance of such a large `` Antillia '' in 15th-century nautical charts has led to speculation that it might represent the American landmass , and has fueled many theories of pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact . |
Anne_Carey | Anne Carey is President of Production at Archer Gray , a media production , finance , and venture investment company based in New York City . In her career as an independent producer , Carey has been associated with filmmakers such as Ang Lee , Anton Corbijn , Bill Condon , Todd Field , Greg Mottola , Tamara Jenkins , Alan Ball , Mike Mills and Nicole Holofcener . Carey 's films have been distributed by Fox Searchlight , Sony Picture Classics , Warner Independent , Focus Features , Miramax and HBO ; and her films have played and premiered at major domestic and international film festivals including the Sundance Film Festival , the Berlin Film Festival and the Toronto International Film Festival . |
André_Lamy | André Lamy ( 19 July 1932 -- 2 May 2010 ) was a Canadian film producer , who served as Canada 's Government Film Commissioner from 1975 until 1979 . In this position he was the Chairman of the National Film Board of Canada ( NFB ) . Lamy was born in Montreal , Quebec , and studied at two universities ; the Université de Montréal and McGill University . During the 1960s he worked as a producer for the Montreal-based company Niagara Films , and then later with Onyx Films , a company which was owned by his brother , Pierre Lamy . In this period he worked on several important films , including Claude Fournier 's Deux femmes en or . Released in 1970 , this held the record for the most profitable film made in Quebec for the following sixteen years . In 1970 Lamy was recruited to become the Assistant Film Commissioner of the NFB , making him Sydney Newman 's deputy in the running of the organisation . As Newman spoke only English , Lamy took a leading role in the NFB 's French language output ; Québécois filmmakers dealt almost entirely with him . It was in this capacity that Lamy drew Newman 's attention to potential problems with several politically sensitive French Canadian productions made around the time of the October Crisis , including Denys Arcand 's On est au coton , which Newman banned from distribution . When Lamy succeeded Newman as Government Film Commissioner in 1975 he authorised the release of several of these same productions , feeling that enough time had elapsed since the October Crisis for their distribution to be a less sensitive matter . Lamy left his position at the NFB in January 1979 . In 1980 he became the head of the Canadian Film Development Commission , and in 1984 he was responsible for renaming this organisation as `` Telefilm Canada '' , to reflect the fact that it also invested in television as well as film productions . He was also the executive producer on The Little Flying Bears and Sharky & George for CinéGroupe . In 1992 he was one of the producers of the controversial documentary series The Valour and the Horror '' , a co-production of the NFB and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation . The series was criticised by some veterans of World War II for its accusations of unprosecuted war crimes committed by Canadian troops . Reaction to the series was so severe that one of Lamy 's successors as Commissioner of the NFB , Joan Pennefather , was forced to appear before the Senate Subcommittee on Veterans ' Affairs to defend the programmes . An announcement was made on 5 May 2010 that Lamy had died over the previous weekend , 1 or 2 May . James Moore , the Minister of Canadian Heritage , was quoted as saying `` Lamy 's dedication to the NFB and his passion for film serve as reminders of his important contribution to our country 's cultural landscape . '' |
Antigua_and_Barbuda–India_relations | Antigua and Barbuda -- India relations refers to the international relations that exist between Antigua and Barbuda and India . The High Commissioner of India in Georgetown , Guyana is concurrently accredited to Antigua and Barbuda . Antigua and Barbuda maintains an Honorary Consulate General in New Delhi . In July 2005 , Antigua and Barbuda expressed support for the G4 nations ' resolution on reforms of the United Nations . Barbuda Prime Minister Winston Baldwin Spencer visited India in January 2007 , and was the chief guest at the convocation of Manipal University . Member of Parliament Michael Ascot made an official visit to India in the first week of April 2012 . Governor General Sir Rodney Williams visited India between 4 and 21 October 2015 to participate in the 16th International Conference of Chief Justices of the World held in Lucknow . Williams also visited a hospital in Hyderabad run by Livlife Hospitals . Secretary ( AMS , CPV & SA ) in the Ministry of External Affairs R. Swaminathan visited Antigua and Barbuda in July 2015 , and held discussions with Prime Minister Gaston Browne , the Minister of Foreign Affairs & International Trade , and the Minister of Health . |
Arch_of_Nero | Arch of Nero ( Latin : Arcus Neronis ) is a now lost triumphal arch dedicated to the Roman emperor Nero that was located in Rome , Italy . The arch was erected in the years between A.D. 58 and 62 and was designed to commemorate victories won by Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo in Parthia ( Tacitus Annales 13.41 ; 15.18 ) . Located on the slope of the Capitoline Hill in a locality referred to as inter duos lucos , the arch is known from coin representations , in which it appears as an arch with a single bay surmounted by a quadriga . The arch likely was destroyed soon after Nero 's death in A.D. 68 . |
Arabs_in_the_Caucasus | Arabs first established themselves in the Caucasus in the eighth century , during the Islamic conquests of the Middle East . The process of shrinking of the Caliphate in the tenth century was followed by the establishment of several Arab-ruled principalities in the region , chiefly the principality of Shirvan ( most of present-day Azerbaijan and southeast part of Dagestan ) ruled by the Mazyadid dynasty . As the rulers of Shirvan ( known as Shirvanshahs ) spread their control over much of the Southeast Caucasus and at the same time found themselves more and more isolated from the Arab world , they were undergoing gradual Persianisation . Arab personal names of the Shirvanshahs gave way to Persian ones , members of the ruling dynasty were claiming Ancient Persian descent ( possibly having intermarried with members of local pre-Islamic nobility ) and Persian gradually became the language of the court and the urban population , while the rural population continued to speak the indigenous languages of Caucasian Albania . However by the seventeenth century a local Turkic idiom ( which later would develop into modern Azeri ) became the language of everyday life , as well as the language of interethnic communication . Arab migration continued during the Middle Ages . Nomadic tribes of Arabs occasionally made their way into the region undergoing assimilation by the local population . In 1728 , a Russian officer named Johann-Gustav Gärber described a group of Sunni Arab nomads who rented winter pastures near the Caspian shores of Mughan ( in present-day Azerbaijan ) . It is likely that the Arab nomads arrived in the Caucasus in the sixteenth or seventeenth century . In 1888 , an unknown number of Arabs still lived in the Baku Governorate of the Russian Empire . |
Anatoly_Karpov | Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov ( Анато́лий Евге́ньевич Ка́рпов born May 23 , 1951 ) is a Russian chess grandmaster and former World Champion . He was the official world champion from 1975 to 1985 when he was defeated by Garry Kasparov . He played three matches against Kasparov for the title from 1986 to 1990 , before becoming FIDE World Champion once again after Kasparov broke away from FIDE in 1993 . He held the title until 1999 , when he resigned his title in protest against FIDE 's new world championship rules . For his decades-long standing among the world 's elite , Karpov is considered by many to be one of the greatest players of all time . His tournament successes include over 160 first-place finishes . He had a peak Elo rating of 2780 , and his 90 total months at world number one is the second longest of all-time , behind only Garry Kasparov , since the inception of the FIDE ranking list in 1970 . |
Antonio_Díaz_(karateka) | Antonio José Díaz Fernández ( born June 12 , 1980 in Caracas ) is a Venezuelan karateka . He is best known for winning gold medals in kata at the World Championships in France ( 2012 ) and Serbia ( 2010 ) , winning of the World Games in Cali , Colombia ( 2013 ) and Duisburg , Germany ( 2015 ) , and a silver medal at the World Championships in Japan 2008 . He won bronze medals at the WKF World Championships in karate 2002 , 2004 , 2006 , 2014 , and 2016 in the men 's individual kata . He has also won the Pan American Karate Federation Senior Championships Gold Medal 14 times to date . |
Anguilla | Anguilla ( -LSB- æŋˈɡwɪlə -RSB- ) is a British overseas territory in the Caribbean . It is one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles , lying east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and directly north of Saint Martin . The territory consists of the main island of Anguilla , approximately 16 miles ( 26 km ) long by 3 miles ( 5 km ) wide at its widest point , together with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population . The island 's capital is The Valley . The total land area of the territory is 35 square miles ( 90 km2 ) , with a population of approximately 13,500 ( 2006 estimate ) . Anguilla has become a popular tax haven , having no capital gains , estate , profit or other forms of direct taxation on either individuals or corporations . In April 2011 , faced with a mounting deficit , it introduced a 3 % `` Interim Stabilisation Levy '' , Anguilla 's first form of income tax . |
Antigua_Guatemala | Antigua Guatemala ( -LSB- anˈtiɣwa ɣwateˈmala -RSB- ) ( commonly referred to as just Antigua or la Antigua ) is a city in the central highlands of Guatemala famous for its well-preserved Spanish Baroque-influenced architecture as well as a number of ruins of colonial churches . It served as the capital of the Kingdom of Guatemala . It has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Antigua Guatemala serves as the municipal seat for the surrounding municipality of the same name . It also serves as the departmental capital of Sacatepéquez Department . |
Ansel_Elgort | Ansel Elgort ( born March 14 , 1994 ) is an American actor and singer . As a film actor , he played Tommy Ross in Carrie ( 2013 ) , Caleb Prior in The Divergent Series ( 2014 ) and Augustus Waters in The Fault in Our Stars ( 2014 ) . |
Arthur_Caesar | Arthur Caesar ( 9 March 1892 -- 20 June 1953 ) was a screenwriter . Romanian by birth , and brother of the songwriter Irving Caesar , Caesar first started writing Hollywood movies in 1924 . Most of his movies were in the B-movie category . He won an Academy Award for the story of Manhattan Melodrama ( 1934 ) , which is most famous today for being the film that John Dillinger had just been to see before getting gunned down outside the cinema . |
Antigua_and_Barbuda_at_the_Olympics | Antigua and Barbuda first competed at the Olympic Games in 1976 , and has participated in each Games since then , missing only the 1980 Summer Olympics by participating in the American-led boycott of those games . Antigua and Barbuda has not won a medal in the Summer Olympics and has never competed in the Winter Olympic Games . The Antigua and Barbuda Olympic Association was formed in 1966 after the dissolution of the West Indies Federation in 1962 , and recognized in 1976 . |
Andrea_Elson | Andrea Elson ( born March 6 , 1969 ) is a former American actress . Beginning her professional career as a child actress and model , Elson is perhaps best known for her television roles ; as Alice Tyler on the CBS science-fiction adventure series Whiz Kids and as Lynn Tanner on the NBC comedy series ALF , which garnered the teenage actress two Youth in Film Award nominations in 1986 and 1989 . |
Are_You_Scared_2 | Are You Scared 2 is a 2009 action film directed by John Lands , and released by Louisiana Media Services . It stars Adrienne Hays , Adam Busch , Tristan Wright , Chad Guerrero , Kathy Gardiner , Andrea Monier , Hannah Guarisco , Tony Todd , Katherine Rose , Mark Lowry , Dallas Montgomery , Robin Zamora , and Laura Buckles . It is an unrelated sequel to Are You Scared ? , that released in 2006 . |
Arc_of_Infinity | Arc of Infinity is the first serial of the 20th season in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who , which was first broadcast in four twice-weekly parts from 3 January to 12 January 1983 . |
Antigua_and_Barbuda_at_the_2014_Summer_Youth_Olympics | Antigua and Barbuda will compete at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics , in Nanjing , China from 16 August to 28 August 2014 . |
Apocalyptic_literature | Apocalyptic literature is a genre of prophetical writing that developed in post-Exilic Jewish culture and was popular among millennialist early Christians . `` Apocalypse '' is a Greek word meaning `` revelation '' , `` an unveiling or unfolding of things not previously known and which could not be known apart from the unveiling '' . As a genre , apocalyptic literature details the authors ' visions of the end times as revealed by an angel or other heavenly messenger . The apocalyptic literature of Judaism and Christianity embraces a considerable period , from the centuries following the exile down to the close of the middle ages . |
Antisocial_personality_disorder | Antisocial personality disorder ( ASPD ) , also known as dissocial personality disorder ( DPD ) and sociopathy , is a personality disorder , characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for , or violation of , the rights of others . An impoverished moral sense or conscience is often apparent , as well as a history of crime , legal problems , or impulsive and aggressive behavior . Antisocial personality disorder is the name of the disorder as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM ) . Dissocial personality disorder ( DPD ) is the name of a similar or equivalent concept defined in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ( ICD ) , where it states that the diagnosis includes antisocial personality disorder . Both manuals have similar but not identical criteria for diagnosing the disorder . Both have also stated that their diagnoses have been referred to , or include what is referred to , as psychopathy or sociopathy , but distinctions have been made between the conceptualizations of antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy , with many researchers arguing that psychopathy is a disorder that overlaps with , but is distinguishable from , ASPD . |
Anton_Bakov | Anton Alekseyevich Bakov ( Антон Алексеевич Баков born 29 December 1965 ) is a businessman , politician , traveller , writer and human rights activist . He is the chairman of the Russian Monarchist Party and was a member of the State Duma of the Russian Federation from 2003 to 2007 . Bakov claims to have restored the Russian Empire through his establishment of the micronation of the Imperial Throne in 2011 . In 2014 , the Imperial Throne issued a manifesto announcing that German Prince Karl Emich of Leiningen had succeeded Nicholas II and is now Emperor Nicholas III . Under this regime , Bakov holds the position of Archchancellor and bears the title of `` His Serene Highness Prince '' ( Knyaz ) . |
Andorian | Andorians are a fictional race of humanoid extraterrestrials in the American science fiction franchise Star Trek . They were created by writer D. C. Fontana . Within the Star Trek narrative , they are native to the icy Class M moon Andoria ( also called Andor ) , which orbits a blue , ringed gas giant . Distinctive traits of Andorians include their blue skin , a pair of cranial antennae , and white hair . Andorians first appeared in the 1968 Star Trek : The Original Series episode `` Journey to Babel '' , and have been seen or mentioned in episodes of subsequent series in the Star Trek franchise . They were indicated to be a vital , important member of the United Federation of Planets in the 1997 Star Trek : Deep Space Nine episode `` In the Cards '' , but did not gain considerable exposure until the 2001-2005 series Star Trek : Enterprise , on which they were used as recurring characters , most notably in the person of Thy ` lek Shran , a starship commander who maintained a sometimes adversarial and begrudging friendship with Enterprise Captain Jonathan Archer . The series revealed more about Andorian ships , the home world Andoria , and the culture and history of Andorians and their subspecies , the Aenar . The 2004 episode `` Zero Hour '' established that Andorians were one of the four founding members of the United Federation of Planets . |
Angular_momentum | In physics , angular momentum ( rarely , moment of momentum or rotational momentum ) is the rotational analog of linear momentum . It is an important quantity in physics because it is a conserved quantity -- the angular momentum of a system remains constant unless acted on by an external torque . The definition of angular momentum for a point particle is a pseudovector r × p , the cross product of the particle 's position vector r ( relative to some origin ) and its momentum vector p = mv . This definition can be applied to each point in continua like solids or fluids , or physical fields . Unlike momentum , angular momentum does depend on where the origin is chosen , since the particle 's position is measured from it . The angular momentum of an object can also be connected to the angular velocity ω of the object ( how fast it rotates about an axis ) via the moment of inertia I ( which depends on the shape and distribution of mass about the axis of rotation ) . However , while ω always points in the direction of the rotation axis , the angular momentum L may point in a different direction depending on how the mass is distributed . Angular momentum is additive ; the total angular momentum of a system is the ( pseudo ) vector sum of the angular momenta . For continua or fields one uses integration . The total angular momentum of anything can always be split into the sum of two main components : `` orbital '' angular momentum about an axis outside the object , plus `` spin '' angular momentum through the centre of mass of the object . Torque can be defined as the rate of change of angular momentum , analogous to force . The conservation of angular momentum helps explain many observed phenomena , for example the increase in rotational speed of a spinning figure skater as the skater 's arms are contracted , the high rotational rates of neutron stars , the falling cat problem , and precession of tops and gyros . Applications include the gyrocompass , control moment gyroscope , inertial guidance systems , reaction wheels , flying discs or Frisbees and Earth 's rotation to name a few . In general , conservation does limit the possible motion of a system , but does not uniquely determine what the exact motion is . In quantum mechanics , angular momentum is an operator with quantized eigenvalues . Angular momentum is subject to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle , meaning only one component can be measured with definite precision , the other two can not . Also , the `` spin '' of elementary particles does not correspond to literal spinning motion . |
Annie_Jones_(bearded_woman) | Annie Jones Elliot ( July 14 , 1865 October 22 , 1902 ) was an American bearded woman , born in Virginia . She toured with showman P. T. Barnum as a circus attraction . Whether the cause of her condition was hirsutism or an unrelated genetic condition that affects children of both sexes and continues into adult years is unknown . Many photographers , including Mathew Brady , took her portraits during her lifetime , which were widely distributed . As an adult , Jones became the country 's top `` bearded lady '' and acted as a spokesperson for Barnum 's `` Freaks '' , a word she tried to abolish from the business . Jones married Richard Elliot in 1881 , but divorced him in 1895 for her childhood sweetheart William Donovan , who died , leaving Jones a widow . In 1902 , Jones died in Brooklyn of tuberculosis . |
Antares_(rocket) | Antares ( -LSB- ænˈtɑːriːz -RSB- ) , known during early development as Taurus II , is an expendable launch system developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation ( now Orbital ATK ) to launch the Cygnus spacecraft to the International Space Station as part of NASA 's COTS and CRS programs . Able to launch payloads heavier than 5000 kg into low-Earth orbit , Antares is the largest rocket operated by Orbital ATK . Antares launches from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport and made its inaugural flight on April 21 , 2013 . NASA awarded Orbital a Commercial Orbital Transportation Services ( COTS ) Space Act Agreement ( SAA ) in 2008 to demonstrate delivery of cargo to the International Space Station . For these COTS missions Orbital intends to use Antares to launch its Cygnus spacecraft . In addition , Antares will compete for small-to-medium missions . Originally designated the Taurus II , Orbital Sciences renamed the vehicle Antares , after the star of the same name , on December 12 , 2011 . The first four Antares launch attempts were successful . During the fifth launch on October 28 , 2014 , the rocket failed catastrophically , and the vehicle and payload were destroyed . The failure was traced to a fault in the first stage engines . After completion of a redesign program , the rocket had a successful return to flight on October 17 , 2016 , delivering cargo to the ISS . |
Anne_Dawson | Anne Dawson is an English academic , formerly a broadcast journalist and television presenter . |
Art_film | An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable . |
Ant_&_Dec | Anthony McPartlin , OBE ( born 18 November 1975 ) and Declan Donnelly , OBE ( born 25 September 1975 ) , known collectively as Ant & Dec , are an English comedy TV presenting , television producing , acting and former music duo from Newcastle upon Tyne , England . The duo first met as actors on the children 's television show Byker Grove , during which and in their subsequent pop career they were respectively known as PJ & Duncan -- the names of the characters they played on the show . Since then , they have had a very successful career as television presenters , presenting shows such as SMTV Live , CD : UK , Friends Like These , Pop Idol , Ant & Dec 's Saturday Night Takeaway , I 'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here ! , PokerFace , Push the Button , Britain 's Got Talent , Red or Black ? , and Text Santa . In 2006 , they returned to acting with the film Alien Autopsy . The duo presented the annual Brit Awards in 2001 , 2015 and 2016 . Ant is the taller out of the two at , and Dec is four inches shorter at . To assist with identification , they follow the 180-degree rule ; with the exception of some early publicity shots . They have their own production company , Mitre Television , where they produce their shows . In a 2004 poll for the BBC , Ant & Dec were named the eighteenth most influential people in British culture . |
Ancient_Rome | Ancient Rome was originally an Italic settlement dating from the 8th century BC that grew into the city of Rome and which subsequently gave its name to the empire over which it ruled and to the widespread civilisation the empire developed . The Roman empire expanded to become one of the largest empires in the ancient world , though still ruled from the city , with an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants ( roughly 20 % of the world 's population ) and covering 5.0 million square kilometres at its height in AD 117 . In its many centuries of existence , the Roman state evolved from a monarchy to a classical republic and then to an increasingly autocratic empire . Through conquest and assimilation , it came to dominate the Mediterranean region and then Western Europe , Asia Minor , North Africa , and parts of Northern and Eastern Europe . It is often grouped into classical antiquity together with ancient Greece , and their similar cultures and societies are known as the Greco-Roman world . Ancient Roman civilisation has contributed to modern government , law , politics , engineering , art , literature , architecture , technology , warfare , religion , language and society . Rome professionalised and expanded its military and created a system of government called res publica , the inspiration for modern republics such as the United States and France . It achieved impressive technological and architectural feats , such as the construction of an extensive system of aqueducts and roads , as well as the construction of large monuments , palaces , and public facilities . By the end of the Republic ( 27 BC ) , Rome had conquered the lands around the Mediterranean and beyond : its domain extended from the Atlantic to Arabia and from the mouth of the Rhine to North Africa . The Roman Empire emerged with the end of the Republic and the dictatorship of Augustus Caesar . 721 years of Roman-Persian Wars started in 92 BC with their first war against Parthia . It would become the longest conflict in human history , and have major lasting effects and consequences for both empires . Under Trajan , the Empire reached its territorial peak . Republican mores and traditions started to decline during the imperial period , with civil wars becoming a prelude common to the rise of a new emperor . Splinter states , such as the Palmyrene Empire , would temporarily divide the Empire during the crisis of the 3rd century . Plagued by internal instability and attacked by various migrating peoples , the western part of the empire broke up into independent kingdoms in the 5th century . This splintering is a landmark historians use to divide the ancient period of universal history from the pre-medieval `` Dark Ages '' of Europe . |
Anno_Domini | The terms anno Domini ( AD ) and before Christ ( BC ) are used to label or number years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars . The term anno Domini is Medieval Latin and means `` in the year of the Lord '' , but is often translated as `` in the year of our Lord '' . This calendar era is based on the traditionally reckoned year of the conception or birth of Jesus of Nazareth , with AD counting years from the start of this epoch , and BC denoting years before the start of the era . There is no year zero in this scheme , so the year AD 1 immediately follows the year 1 BC . This dating system was devised in 525 by Dionysius Exiguus of Scythia Minor , but was not widely used until after 800 . The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar in the world today . For decades , it has been the unofficial global standard , adopted in the pragmatic interests of international communication , transportation , and commercial integration , and recognized by international institutions such as the United Nations . Traditionally , English followed Latin usage by placing the `` AD '' abbreviation before the year number . However , BC is placed after the year number ( for example : AD , but 68 BC ) , which also preserves syntactic order . The abbreviation is also widely used after the number of a century or millennium , as in `` fourth century AD '' or `` second millennium AD '' ( although conservative usage formerly rejected such expressions ) . Because BC is the English abbreviation for Before Christ , it is sometimes incorrectly concluded that AD means After Death , i.e. , after the death of Jesus . However , this would mean that the approximate 33 years commonly associated with the life of Jesus would not be included in either of the BC and the AD time scales . Terminology that is viewed by some as being more neutral and inclusive of non-Christian people is to call this the Current or Common Era ( abbreviated as CE ) , with the preceding years referred to as Before the Common or Current Era ( BCE ) . Astronomical year numbering and ISO 8601 avoid words or abbreviations related to Christianity , but use the same numbers for AD years . |
Art_Pollard | Art Lee Pollard , Jr. ( May 5 , 1927 -- May 12 , 1973 ) , was an American racecar driver . Born in Dragon , Utah , Pollard died in Indianapolis , Indiana , as a result of injuries sustained in practice during the first day of time trials for the 1973 Indianapolis 500 . The car clipped the wall coming out of turn one and did a half-spin as it headed to the grass on the inside of the short chute . The chassis dug into the grass and flipped upside-down , slid a short distance and then flipped back over as it reached the pavement again in turn two , finally coming to a stop in the middle of the track . The total distance covered was 1450 ft. The car was demolished . The impact tore off two wheels immediately , and the wings were also torn off during the slide . Pollard 's lap prior to the crash was timed at a speed of 192 + mph . Pollard was rushed to Methodist Hospital in the new Cardiac ambulance . His injuries were reported to include pulmonary damage due to flame inhalation , burns on both hands , face and neck , and a broken arm . He drove in the USAC Championship Car series , racing in the 1965 -- 1973 seasons , with 84 career starts , including the 1967 -- 1971 Indianapolis 500 races . He finished in the top ten 30 times , with 2 victories , both in 1969 , at Milwaukee and Dover . He had just turned 46 one week before he died . |
Anthony_McPartlin | Anthony David ` Ant ' McPartlin , OBE ( born 18 November 1975 ) is an English television presenter , producer and actor , best known as one half of the British acting and TV presenting duo Ant & Dec , with the other being Declan Donnelly . McPartlin came to prominence in the children 's drama series Byker Grove and as one half of the pop music duo PJ & Duncan . Since then , McPartlin and Donnelly have had a very successful career as television presenters , currently presenting I 'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here ! since 2002 , Ant & Dec 's Saturday Night Takeaway since 2002 , Britain 's Got Talent since 2007 and Text Santa since 2011 . Before then , the duo presented other ITV entertainment series such as PokerFace , Push the Button , Pop Idol and Red or Black ? . |
Armenophile | An Armenophile ( հայասեր , hayaser , lit . `` Armenian-lover '' ) is a non-Armenian person who expresses a strong interest in or appreciation for Armenian culture , Armenian history or the Armenian people . It may apply to both those who display an enthusiasm in Armenian culture and to those who support political or social causes associated with the Armenian people . During and after the First World War and simultaneous Armenian Genocide , the term was applied to people like Henry Morgenthau who actively drew attention to the victims of massacre and deportation , and who raised aid for refugees . President Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt have also been called Armenophiles , due in part to their support for the creation of Wilsonian Armenia . In modern usage , the term is sometimes used ( particularly in Turkey and Azerbaijan ) as an allegation of bias , especially when applied to those who actively support recognition of the Armenian Genocide or those who support the Armenian position in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the recognition of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic . |
Armageddon_(2008) | Armageddon ( 2008 ) was a professional-wrestling pay-per-view event produced by the World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) promotion and presented by Ubisoft 's Prince of Persia . It took place on December 14 , 2008 , at the HSBC Arena in Buffalo , New York . It featured professional wrestlers and other talent from all WWE 's three brands : Raw , SmackDown , and ECW . The ninth and final event within the Armageddon chronology , it featured on its card seven professional wrestling matches . During the SmackDown main event , Jeff Hardy defeated Triple H and WWE Champion Edge in a Triple Threat match to win the championship . The Raw main event featured the World Heavyweight Championship contested in a standard wrestling match , in which John Cena defeated Chris Jericho to retain the title . The undercard featured several matches , including CM Punk against Rey Mysterio in the finals of a tournament to determine the number-one contender to the WWE Intercontinental Championship , and Randy Orton versus Batista in a standard wrestling match . Armageddon helped WWE earn US$ 15.9 million in revenue from pay-per-view events , thanks to an attendance of approximately 12,500 and 193,000 pay-per-view buys . When the 2008 event was released on DVD it reached a peak position of second on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart . The professional wrestling section of the Canadian Online Explorer website rated the entire event a perfect 10 out of 10 . |
Antigua_Hawksbills | The Antigua Hawksbills is a dormant Caribbean Premier League ( CPL ) franchise based in Antigua and Barbuda , playing its home games at the Sir Vivian Richards Stadium in Saint Peter Parish , Antigua . The name ` Hawksbills ' comes after the sea turtle that populates around the Caribbean Sea and is critically endangered according to the World Conservation Union . The franchise was one of six established for the inaugural CPL season in 2013 , and the only one located in the Leeward Islands . The Hawksbills placed fifth in 2013 , and then last during the 2014 edition of the CPL , winning three of out its sixteen games during that time . Antiguan Viv Richards coached the team in 2013 , but was replaced by Tim Nielsen , an Australian , for the 2014 season . Marlon Samuels , a Jamaican , was the team 's captain for both seasons . In February 2015 , it was announced that the Antigua Hawksbills would not participate in the 2015 CPL season , with a number of its players to instead play with a new franchise based in Saint Kitts and Nevis . It is intended that the Hawksbills franchise will be revived at a later date , with the CPL consequently featuring seven teams rather than six . |
Aoxomoxoa | Aoxomoxoa is the third Grateful Dead studio album . One of the first rock albums to be recorded using 16-track technology , fans and critics alike consider this era to be the band 's experimental apex . The title is a meaningless palindrome , usually pronounced `` ox-oh-mox-oh-ah '' . Rolling Stone , upon reviewing the album , mentioned that `` no other music sustains a lifestyle so delicate and loving and lifelike '' . The album was certified gold by the RIAA on May 13 , 1997 . In 1991 Rolling Stone selected Aoxomoxoa as having the eighth best album cover of all time . |
Antoine_of_Navarre | Antoine ( in English , Anthony ; 22 April 1518 -- 17 November 1562 ) was the King of Navarre through his marriage ( jure uxoris ) to Queen Jeanne III , from 1555 until his death . He was the first monarch of the House of Bourbon , of which he was head from 1537 . He was the father of Henry IV of France . |
Anatomy_2 | Anatomy 2 ( Anatomie 2 ) is a 2003 German thriller film written and directed by Stefan Ruzowitzky . It 's the sequel to the 2000 film Anatomy , that starred Franka Potente . The story moves to Berlin for this film . |
Antwain_Britt | Antwain Britt ( born May 9 , 1978 ) is an American professional mixed martial artist who last competed in Strikeforce 's Middleweight division . While perhaps best known for his stint with the Strikeforce organization , he also fought in YAMMA Pit Fighting , and was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter 8 . |
Appetite_for_Destruction_(song) | `` Appetite for Destruction '' is a single by American hip hop group , N.W.A , from their 1991 album , Niggaz4Life . It was the first of two singles from the album , with `` Alwayz Into Somethin' '' succeeding it . The song also appeared on The Best of N.W.A : The Strength of Street Knowledge . The music video featured members of N.W.A robbing a bank in a 1920s setting . |
Around_the_Block_(film) | Around the Block is a 2013 Australian drama film directed and written by Sarah Spillane . The films stars Christina Ricci , Hunter Page-Lochard , Jack Thompson and Damian Walshe-Howling . The films revolves around an American drama teacher ( Ricci ) who develops a friendship with a sixteen-year-old Aboriginal Australian boy ( Page-Lochard ) during the 2004 Redfern riots . |
Arrested_Development_(TV_series) | Arrested Development is an American television sitcom created by Mitchell Hurwitz , which originally aired on Fox for three seasons from November 2 , 2003 to February 10 , 2006 . A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26 , 2013 . The show follows the fictitious Bluth family , a formerly wealthy and habitually dysfunctional family . It is presented in a continuous format , incorporating handheld camera work and voice-over narration , as well as the use of occasional archival photos and historical footage . The show also utilizes several long-running `` Easter egg '' jokes throughout each season . Ron Howard serves as both an executive producer and the series ' uncredited narrator . Set in Newport Beach , California , Arrested Development was filmed primarily in Culver City and Marina del Rey . After its debut in 2003 , the series received widespread critical acclaim , six Primetime Emmy Awards , and one Golden Globe Award , and has attracted a cult following , including several fan-based websites . In 2007 , Time listed the show among its `` All-TIME 100 TV Shows '' ; in 2008 , it was ranked 16th on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , IGN named Arrested Development the `` funniest show of all time '' . Its humor has been cited as a key influence on later single-camera sitcoms such as 30 Rock and Community . Despite critical acclaim , Arrested Development received low ratings and viewership on Fox , which canceled the series in 2006 . Rumors of an additional season and a feature film persisted until 2011 , when Netflix agreed to license new episodes and distribute them exclusively on its video streaming service . These episodes were later released in 2013 . Netflix has also commissioned a fifth season of Arrested Development which will premiere in 2018 . |
Anne_Baxter | Anne Baxter ( May 7 , 1923 -- December 12 , 1985 ) was an American actress , star of Hollywood films , Broadway productions , and television series . She won an Oscar and a Golden Globe and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy . Granddaughter of Frank Lloyd Wright , Baxter studied acting with Maria Ouspenskaya and had some stage experience before making her film debut in 20 Mule Team ( 1940 ) . She became a contract player of 20th Century Fox and was loaned out to RKO Pictures for a role in Orson Welles ' The Magnificent Ambersons ( 1942 ) , one of her first important films . In 1947 , she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as Sophie MacDonald in The Razor 's Edge ( 1946 ) . In 1951 , she received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress for the title role in All About Eve ( 1950 ) . She worked with several of Hollywood 's greatest directors , including Alfred Hitchcock in I Confess ( 1953 ) , Fritz Lang in The Blue Gardenia ( 1953 ) , and Cecil B. DeMille in The Ten Commandments ( 1956 ) . |
André_de_Lorde | André de Latour , comte de Lorde ( 1869 -- 1942 ) was a French playwright , the main author of the Grand Guignol plays from 1901 to 1926 . His evening career was as a dramatist of terror ; during daytimes he worked as a librarian in the Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal . He wrote 150 plays , all of them devoted mainly to the exploitation of terror and insanity , and a few novels . For plays the subject matter of which concerned mental illness he sometimes collaborated with psychologist Alfred Binet , the developer of IQ testing . During the 1920s de Lorde was elected `` Prince of Fear '' ( Prince de la Terreur ) by his peers . |
Appeasement | Appeasement in a political context is a diplomatic policy of making political or material concessions to an enemy power in order to avoid conflict . The term is most often applied to the foreign policy of the British Prime Ministers Ramsay Macdonald , Stanley Baldwin and Neville Chamberlain towards Nazi Germany and Hitler and Fascist Italy between 1935 and 1939 . Their policies have been the subject of intense debate for more than seventy years among academics , politicians and diplomats . The historians ' assessments have ranged from condemnation for allowing Adolf Hitler 's Germany to grow too strong , to the judgment that they had no alternative and acted in their country 's best interests . At the time , these concessions were widely seen as positive , and the Munich Pact concluded on 30 September 1938 among Germany , Britain , France , and Italy prompted Chamberlain to announce that he had secured `` peace for our time . '' |
Andy_Panda | Andy Panda is a funny animal cartoon character who starred in his own series of animated cartoon short subjects produced by Walter Lantz . These `` cartunes '' were released by Universal Pictures from 1939 to 1947 , and United Artists from 1948 to 1949 . The title character is an anthropomorphic cartoon character , a cute panda . Andy became the second star of the Walter Lantz cartoons after Oswald the Lucky Rabbit . He achieved considerable popularity until being eventually supplanted by Woody Woodpecker . |
Apocrypha_(fiction) | In the context of fiction , apocrypha includes those fictional stories that do not belong within a fictional universe 's canon , yet still have some authority relating to that fictional universe . The boundaries between canon and apocrypha can often be blurred . The word `` Apocrypha '' is sometimes used to describe works set in a fictional universe that may not belong in the canon . These may include tie-in merchandise such as video games , novels and comics , which are sometimes termed ` Expanded Universes ' . Often these materials might contradict the continuity that has already been established by ` canon ' . Even when no such contradictions occur , such materials may still be deemed apocrypha possibly because they might have been produced largely independently of the creator of the fictional universe . For example , Joss Whedon , creator of the Buffyverse , has little involvement with the Buffyverse novels and has never read an entire novel , let alone closely overseen or edited one . The Star Trek canon consists of the various Star Trek television series and movies . All the other Star Trek stories which have been licensed by Paramount ( novels , comics . . ) are not part of canon , they are instead apocrypha . Fan fiction is classified as fanon . |
Anton_Reicha | Anton ( Antonín , Antoine ) Reicha ( Rejcha ) ( 26 February 1770 -- 28 May 1836 ) was a Czech-born , later naturalized French composer . A contemporary and lifelong friend of Beethoven , he is now best remembered for his substantial early contributions to the wind quintet literature and his role as teacher of pupils including Franz Liszt , Hector Berlioz and César Franck . He was also an accomplished theorist , and wrote several treatises on various aspects of composition . Some of his theoretical work dealt with experimental methods of composition , which he applied in a variety of works such as fugues and études for piano and string quartet . Reicha was born in Prague . His father , the town piper , died when the boy was just 10 months old , leaving him in custody of a mother who had no interest in educating him . The young composer ran away from home when only ten years old , and was subsequently raised and educated in music by his paternal uncle Josef Reicha . When they moved to Bonn , Josef secured for his nephew a place playing violin in the Hofkapelle electoral orchestra alongside the young Beethoven on viola , but for Reicha this was not enough . He studied composition secretly , against his uncle 's wishes , and entered the University of Bonn in 1789 . When Bonn was captured by the French in 1794 Reicha fled to Hamburg , where he made a living teaching harmony and composition and studied mathematics and philosophy . Between 1799 and 1801 he lived in Paris , trying to gain recognition as an opera composer , without success . In 1801 he moved on to Vienna , where he studied with Salieri and Albrechtsberger and produced his first important works . His life was once again affected by war in 1808 , when he left Vienna , occupied by the French under Napoleon , and returned to Paris , where he spent the rest of his life teaching composition and in 1818 was appointed professor at the Conservatoire . Reicha 's output during his Vienna years was prolific and included large semi-didactic cycles of works such as 36 Fugues for piano ( in a `` new method of fugal writing '' which attracted the scorn of Beethoven and anger of Cherubini at the Conservatoire ) , L'art de varier ( a set of 57 variations on an original theme ) , and exercises for the treatise Practische Beispiele ( Practical Examples ) . During the later Paris period , however , he focused his attention mostly on theory and produced a number of treatises on composition . Works of this period include 25 crucially important wind quintets which are considered the locus classicus of that genre and are his best-known compositions . None of the advanced ideas he advocated in the most radical of his music and writings ( not used in the wind quintets ) , including polyrhythm , polytonality and microtonal music , were accepted or employed by nineteenth-century composers . Due to Reicha 's unwillingness to have his music published ( like Michael Haydn before him ) , he fell into obscurity soon after his death and his life and work have yet to be intensively studied . |
Anton_Lesser | Anton Lesser ( born 14 February 1952 ) is an English actor . He is known for his roles as Qyburn in the HBO series Game of Thrones and as Chief Superintendent Bright in Endeavour . |
Angels_&_Demons_(album) | Angels & Demons is the eighth studio album released by Australian singer-songwriter Peter Andre . The album was released on 29 October 2012 , and was preceded by the lead single , `` Bad as You Are '' . |
Apollo_11 | Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the Moon . Mission commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Buzz Aldrin , both American , landed the lunar module Eagle on July 20 , 1969 , at 20:18 UTC . Armstrong became the first to step onto the lunar surface six hours later on July 21 at 02:56:15 UTC ; Aldrin joined him about 20 minutes later . They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft , and collected 47.5 lb of lunar material to bring back to Earth . Michael Collins piloted the command module Columbia alone in lunar orbit while they were on the Moon 's surface . Armstrong and Aldrin spent just under a day on the lunar surface before rendezvousing with Columbia in lunar orbit . Apollo 11 was launched by a Saturn V rocket from Kennedy Space Center in Merritt Island , Florida , on July 16 , and was the fifth manned mission of NASA 's Apollo program . The Apollo spacecraft had three parts : a command module ( CM ) with a cabin for the three astronauts , and the only part that landed back on Earth ; a service module ( SM ) , which supported the command module with propulsion , electrical power , oxygen , and water ; and a lunar module ( LM ) that had two stages -- a lower stage for landing on the Moon , and an upper stage to place the astronauts back into lunar orbit . After being sent toward the Moon by the Saturn V 's upper stage , the astronauts separated the spacecraft from it and traveled for three days until they entered into lunar orbit . Armstrong and Aldrin then moved into the lunar module Eagle and landed in the Sea of Tranquility . They stayed a total of about 21.5 hours on the lunar surface . The astronauts used Eagle '' 's upper stage to lift off from the lunar surface and rejoin Collins in the command module . They jettisoned Eagle '' before they performed the maneuvers that blasted them out of lunar orbit on a trajectory back to Earth . They returned to Earth and landed in the Pacific Ocean on July 24 . Broadcast on live TV to a worldwide audience , Armstrong stepped onto the lunar surface and described the event as `` one small step for -LSB- a -RSB- man , one giant leap for mankind . '' Apollo 11 effectively ended the Space Race and fulfilled a national goal proposed in 1961 by U.S. President John F. Kennedy : `` before this decade is out , of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth . '' |
Appraisal_theory | Appraisal theory is the theory in psychology that emotions are extracted from our evaluations ( appraisals or estimates ) of events that cause specific reactions in different people . Essentially , our appraisal of a situation causes an emotional , or affective , response that is going to be based on that appraisal . An example of this is going on a first date . If the date is perceived as positive , one might feel happiness , joy , giddiness , excitement , and/or anticipation , because they have appraised this event as one that could have positive long-term effects , i.e. starting a new relationship , engagement , or even marriage . On the other hand , if the date is perceived negatively , then our emotions , as a result , might include dejection , sadness , emptiness , or fear . ( Scherer et al. , 2001 ) Reasoning and understanding of one 's emotional reaction becomes important for future appraisals as well . The important aspect of the appraisal theory is that it accounts for individual variances of emotional reactions to the same event . Appraisal theories of emotion are theories that state that emotions result from people 's interpretations and explanations of their circumstances even in the absence of physiological arousal ( Aronson , 2005 ) . There are two basic approaches ; the structural approach and process model . These models both provide an explanation for the appraisal of emotions and explain in different ways how emotions can develop . In the absence of physiological arousal we decide how to feel about a situation after we have interpreted and explained the phenomena . Thus the sequence of events is as follows : event , thinking , and simultaneous events of arousal and emotion . Social psychologists have used this theory to explain and predict coping mechanisms and people 's patterns of emotionality . By contrast , for example , personality psychology studies emotions as a function of a person 's personality , and thus does not take into account the person 's appraisal , or cognitive response , to a situation . The main controversy surrounding these theories argues that emotions can not happen without physiological arousal . |
Archipelagic_state | An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim . In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states . Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty . The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals . |
Anti-Germans_(political_current) | Anti-German ( Antideutsch ) is the generic name applied to a variety of theoretical and political tendencies within the radical left mainly in Germany and Austria . In 2006 Deutsche Welle estimated the number of Anti-Germans at between 500 and 3,000 . The basic standpoint of the Anti-Germans includes opposition to German nationalism , a critique of mainstream left anti-capitalist views , which are thought to be simplistic and structurally anti-Semitic , and a critique of anti-Semitism , which is considered to be deeply rooted in German cultural history . As a result of this analysis of anti-semitism , support for Israel and opposition to Anti-Zionism is a primary unifying factor of the Anti-German movement . The critical theory of Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer is often cited by Anti-German theorists . The term does not generally refer to any one specific radical left tendency , but rather a wide variety of distinct currents , ranging from the so-called `` hardcore '' Anti-Germans such as the quarterly journal Bahamas to `` softcore '' Anti-Germans such as the radical left journal Phase 2 . Some Anti-German ideas have also exerted an influence on the broader radical leftist milieu , such as the monthly magazine konkret and the weekly newspaper Jungle World . |
Antigua_and_Barbuda_national_football_team | The Antigua and Barbuda National Football Team is the national team of Antigua and Barbuda and is controlled by the Antigua and Barbuda Football Association , a member of the Confederation of North , Central American and Caribbean Association Football and the Caribbean Football Union . |
Arielle_Kebbel | Arielle Caroline Kebbel ( born February 19 , 1985 ) is an American model and actress . She is known for her television roles on The Vampire Diaries , True Blood , Life Unexpected , 90210 , Gilmore Girls , UnREAL , and Ballers . On the big screen , Kebbel has starred in a number of films which made their debuts at prestigious films festivals , such as The Brooklyn Brothers Beat the Best , directed by Ryan O'Nan which premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival ; I Melt With You , starring Rob Lowe and Jeremy Piven which premiered at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival ; and Supporting Characters , directed by Daniel Schecter , which premiered at the 2012 Tribeca International Film Festival . Other film appearances include John Tucker Must Die ( 2006 ) , The Grudge 2 ( 2006 ) , The Uninvited ( 2009 ) , and Think Like A Man ( 2012 ) . |
Animal_Kingdom_(TV_series) | Animal Kingdom is an American drama television series developed by Jonathan Lisco . It is based on the eponymous 2010 Australian film by David Michôd , who is executive producer for the series , alongside Liz Watts who also produced the movie . The series follows a 17-year-old boy , who , after the death of his mother , moves in with the Codys , a criminal family clan governed by matriarch Smurf . Ellen Barkin portrays the leading role of Janine `` Smurf '' Cody , played by Jacki Weaver in the 2010 film . Animal Kingdom debuted on TNT on June 14 , 2016 , and was renewed for a second season on July 6 , 2016 , of thirteen episodes that premiered on May 30 , 2017 . |
And_Now_the_Screaming_Starts! | And Now the Screaming Starts ! is a 1973 British gothic horror film . It is one of the few feature-length horror stories by Amicus , a company best known for anthology or `` portmanteau '' films . The screenplay , written by Roger Marshall , is based on the novel Fengriffen by David Case . It stars Peter Cushing , Herbert Lom , Patrick Magee , Stephanie Beacham and Ian Ogilvy , and was directed by Roy Ward Baker . The large gothic house used in the film is Oakley Court , near Bray village , which is now a four star hotel . |
Anton_Teyber | Anton Teyber ( 8 September 1756 ( bapt . ) -- 18 November 1822 ) , was an Austrian organist , Kapellmeister and composer . Anton Teyber was born and died in Vienna . His brother was Franz Teyber . He taught the children of the Holy Roman Emperor before working as a composer to ( among others ) the Dresden opera and Vienna court . He is notable for his two ` Concertos for Corni da Caccia ' . He also performed alongside Mozart and Nikolaus Kraft in 1789 during Mozart 's Berlin journey . His daughter was Elena Teyber who was born in Vienna and became a professor at Iaşi Conservatory where she was known as a pianist and composer from 1827 to 1863 . She married Gheorghe Asachi . |
Arranger_(banking) | In investment banking , an arranger is a provider of funds in the syndication of a debt . They are entitled to syndicate the loan or bond issue , and may be referred to as the `` lead underwriter '' . This is because this entity bears the risk of being able to sell the underlying securities/debt or the cost of holding it on its books until such time in the future that they may be sold . They do not necessarily acquire all the debt - this may be split into various parts and sold to a variety of Arrangers . Prior to the syndication of a loan and at the point where the loan documentation is signed , the title of `` Bookrunner '' is allocated to the bank that commits to provide the loan . This may be shared amongst several investors depending on the size of the deal . The `` Arranger '' is the entity ( or entities ) that subsequently agrees and negotiates the project financing structure . They will not necessarily be the same entity , although they often are . Upon final signing of the full syndicate , the Bookrunner title may be forfeited to another lender . If amendments are made to the loan , the banks that committed to the original loan may retain their involvement in the deal as `` Mandated Arrangers '' . The Bookrunner title is then assigned to the banks comprising the new lender group . A bank may also be referred to as a `` lead arranger '' , implying that they are more senior in the hierarchy of Arrangers involved in the deal . For a coordinated series of bilaterals the Mandated Arranger title is allocated to the coordinators . |
Angelina_Jolie | Angelina Jolie Pitt ( -LSB- dʒoʊˈliː -RSB- ; née Voight ; born June 4 , 1975 ) is an American actress , filmmaker , philanthropist and humanitarian . She has received an Academy Award , two Screen Actors Guild Awards , and three Golden Globe Awards , and has been cited as Hollywood 's highest-paid actress . Jolie made her screen debut as a child alongside her father , Jon Voight , in Lookin ' to Get Out ( 1982 ) . Her film career began in earnest a decade later with the low-budget production Cyborg 2 ( 1993 ) , followed by her first leading role in a major film , Hackers ( 1995 ) . She starred in the critically acclaimed biographical cable films George Wallace ( 1997 ) and Gia ( 1998 ) , and won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the drama Girl , Interrupted ( 1999 ) . Jolie 's starring role as the video game heroine Lara Croft in Lara Croft : Tomb Raider ( 2001 ) established her as a leading Hollywood actress . She continued her successful action-star career with Mr. & Mrs. Smith ( 2005 ) , Wanted ( 2008 ) , and Salt ( 2010 ) , and received critical acclaim for her performances in the dramas A Mighty Heart ( 2007 ) and Changeling ( 2008 ) , which earned her a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Actress . Beginning in the 2010s , she expanded her career into directing , screenwriting , and producing , starting with the wartime dramas In the Land of Blood and Honey ( 2011 ) and Unbroken ( 2014 ) . Her biggest commercial success came with the fantasy picture Maleficent ( 2014 ) . In addition to her film career , Jolie is noted for her humanitarian efforts , for which she has received a Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award and an honorary damehood of the Order of St Michael and St George ( DCMG ) , among other honors . She promotes various causes , including conservation , education , and women 's rights , and is most noted for her advocacy on behalf of refugees as a Special Envoy for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ) . As a public figure , Jolie has been cited as one of the most influential and powerful people in the American entertainment industry , as well as the world 's most beautiful woman , by various media outlets . Her personal life is the subject of wide publicity . Divorced from actors Jonny Lee Miller and Billy Bob Thornton , she separated from her third husband , actor Brad Pitt , in September 2016 . They have six children together , three of whom were adopted internationally . |
Bank_Street_(Manhattan) | Bank Street is a primarily residential street in the West Village part of Greenwich Village in the borough of Manhattan in New York City . It runs for a total length of about 710 m from West Street , crossing Washington Street and Greenwich Street , to Hudson Street and Bleecker Street where it is interrupted by the Bleecker Playground , north of which is Abingdon Square ; it then continues to Greenwich Avenue , crossing West 4th Street and Waverly Place . Vehicular traffic runs west-east along this one-way street . As with several other east-west streets in the Far West Village , the three blocks west of Hudson Street are paved with setts . Bank Street is named for the Bank of New York , which bought eight lots on the street in 1798 and established a branch there . A clerk in the bank 's main office on Wall Street had contracted yellow fever , leading the bank to buy land in Greenwich Village in order to have a branch office away from Wall Street where it could conduct business in the event of future emergencies . |
Author | An author is narrowly defined as the originator of any written work and can thus also be described as a writer ( with any distinction primarily being an implication that an author is a writer of one or more major works , such as books or plays ) . More broadly defined , an author is `` the person who originated or gave existence to anything '' and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created . The more specific phrase published author refers to an author ( especially but not necessarily of books ) whose work has been independently accepted for publication by a reputable publisher , versus a self-publishing author or an unpublished one . |
Auguste_Escoffier | Georges Auguste Escoffier ( -LSB- ʒɔʁʒ ɔɡyst ɛskɔfje -RSB- ; 28 October 1846 -- 12 February 1935 ) was a French chef , restaurateur and culinary writer who popularized and updated traditional French cooking methods . Much of Escoffier 's technique was based on that of Marie-Antoine Carême , one of the codifiers of French haute cuisine , but Escoffier 's achievement was to simplify and modernize Carême 's elaborate and ornate style . In particular , he codified the recipes for the five mother sauces . Referred to by the French press as roi des cuisiniers et cuisinier des rois ( `` king of chefs and chef of kings '' -- though this had also been previously said of Carême ) , Escoffier was France 's preeminent chef in the early part of the 20th century . Alongside the recipes he recorded and invented , another of Escoffier 's contributions to cooking was to elevate it to the status of a respected profession by introducing organized discipline to his kitchens . Escoffier published Le Guide Culinaire , which is still used as a major reference work , both in the form of a cookbook and a textbook on cooking . Escoffier 's recipes , techniques and approaches to kitchen management remain highly influential today , and have been adopted by chefs and restaurants not only in France , but also throughout the world . |
Banking_in_Canada | Banking in Canada is widely considered one of the safest banking systems in the world , ranking as the world 's soundest banking system for the past six years according to reports by the World Economic Forum . Released in October 2010 , Global Finance magazine put Royal Bank of Canada at number 10 among the world 's safest banks and Toronto-Dominion Bank at number 15 . Canada 's banks , also called chartered banks , have over 8,000 branches and almost 18,000 automated banking machines ( ABMs ) across the country . In addition , `` Canada has the highest number of ABMs per capita in the world and benefits from the highest penetration levels of electronic channels such as debit cards , Internet banking and telephone banking '' . |
Atar | Atar ( Avestan ātar ) is the Zoroastrian concept of holy fire , sometimes described in abstract terms as `` burning and unburning fire '' or `` visible and invisible fire '' ( Mirza , 1987:389 ) . It is considered to be the visible presence of Ahura Mazda and his aša . The rituals for purifying a fire are performed 1,128 times a year . In the Avestan language , ātar is an attribute of sources of heat and light , of which the nominative singular form is ātarš , source of Persian ātaš ( fire ) . It was once thought to be etymologically related to the Avestan āθrauuan / aθaurun ( Vedic atharvan ) , a type of priest , but that is now considered unlikely ( Boyce , 2002:16 ) . The ultimate etymology of ātar , previously unknown ( Boyce , 2002:1 ) , is now believed to be from the Indo-European * hxehxtr - ` fire ' . This would make it related to the Latin ater #Latin ( black ) and possibly a cognate of the Slavic vatër #Albanian ( fire ) . In later Zoroastrianism , ātar ( in middle Persian : ādar or ādur ) is iconographically conflated with fire itself , which in middle Persian is ātaxsh , one of the primary objects of Zoroastrian symbolism . |
Australian_White_Ensign | The Australian White Ensign ( also known as the Australian Naval Ensign or the Royal Australian Navy Ensign ) is a naval ensign used by ships of the Royal Australian Navy ( RAN ) from 1967 onwards . From the formation of the RAN until 1967 , Australian warships used the British White Ensign as their ensign . However , this led to situations where Australian vessels were mistaken for British ships , and when Australia became involved in the Vietnam War , the RAN was effectively fighting under the flag of another , uninvolved nation . Proposals were made in 1965 for a unique Australian ensign , which was approved in 1966 , and entered use in 1967 . The Australian White Ensign is identical in design to the Australian National Flag , but with the reversal of the blue background and the white Commonwealth Star and Southern Cross . |
Bade_Achhe_Lagte_Hain | Bade Achhe Lagte Hain ' ( English : It Seems So Beautiful ; Hindi : बड़े अच्छे लगते हैं ; -LSB- bəɽˈeː ətʃˈtʃʰeː ləɡət̪ˈeː ɦɛː ̃ -RSB- ) is a Hindi-language Indian television soap opera which was broadcast by Sony Entertainment Television India from 30 May 2011 to 10 July 2014 , when it ended its run after telecasting 644 episodes . Based on the Gujarati play Patrani by Imtiaz Patel , the soap opera was created by Ekta Kapoor and was produced by her production company Balaji Telefilms . The name of the soap opera , along with its title track , has been inspired by a song of the same name , composed by R.D. Burman , from the soundtrack of the 1976 Bollywood film Balika Badhu . Ekta Kapoor had got the name , Bade Achhe Lagte Hain , registered about six years before the soap opera premiered . Bade Achhe Lagte Hain is the seventh most watched television show of 2011 , in India . The show explored the worlds of its protagonists Priya Sharma ( Sakshi Tanwar ) and Ram Kapoor ( Ram Kapoor ) , who accidentally discover love after getting married . After the storyline moved five years ahead in June 2012 , many new actors and characters , including Samir Kochhar and Amrita Mukherjee who played the roles of Rajat Kapur and Peehu respectively , were introduced . Sakshi Tanwar and Ram Kappor received the Dadasaheb Phalke Academy Award for portraying their respective roles in the soap opera while Ekta Kapoor received the Best Producer award . Bade Achhe Lagte Hain has also won the Kalakar Award for the Best Serial in 2012 . The soap opera was also voted the Most Inspiring Soap in 2013 , receiving a vote count of 43.68 % . Bade Achhe Lagte Hain was dubbed in Telugu and broadcast on Gemini TV as Nuvvu Nachhavu , premiering on 9 April 2012 . It ended its run on 31 August 2012 after airing 105 episodes . Bade Achhe Lagte Hain has also been dubbed in Tamil and was broadcast by Polimer TV under the title Ullam Kollai Poguthada . It premiered on 10 December 2012 . An English dubbed version of Bade Achhe Lagte Hain also premiered in Jamaica under the title It Seems So Beautiful '' on CVM TV on 11 August 2014 . |