token
sequence
label
sequence
[ "'''logic'''", "interdisciplinary", "field", "studies", "truth", "reasoning", "informal", "logic", "seeks", "characterize", "valid", "arguments", "informally", "instance", "listing", "varieties", "fallacies", "formal", "logic", "represents", "statements", "argument", "patterns", "symbolically", "using", "formal", "systems", "first", "order", "logic", "within", "formal", "logic", "mathematical", "logic", "studies", "mathematical", "characteristics", "formal", "logical", "systems", "philosophical", "logic", "applies", "philosophical", "problems", "nature", "meaning", "knowledge", "existence", "systems", "formal", "logic", "also", "applied", "fields", "including", "linguistics", "cognitive", "science", "computer", "science", "logic", "studied", "since", "antiquity", "early", "approaches", "including", "aristotelian", "logic" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "stoic", "logic", "anviksiki", "mohists", "modern", "formal", "logic", "roots", "work", "late", "th", "century", "mathematicians", "gottlob", "frege", "definition", "word", "logic", "originates", "greek", "word", "logos", "variety", "translations", "reason", "discourse", "language", "logic", "traditionally", "defined", "study", "laws", "thought", "correct", "reasoning", "ref", "name", "britannica", "ref", "usually", "understood", "terms", "inferences", "arguments", "reasoning", "may", "seen", "activity", "drawing", "inferences", "whose", "outward", "expression", "given", "arguments", "ref", "name", "britannica", "ref", "name", "haacklogics", "ref", "inference", "argument" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "set", "premises", "together", "conclusion", "logic", "interested", "whether", "arguments", "good", "inferences", "valid", "ie", "whether", "premises", "support", "conclusions", "ref", "name", "hintikka", "ref", "ref", "name", "cambridge", "ref", "ref", "name", "mckeon", "ref", "general", "characterizations", "apply", "logic", "widest", "sense", "since", "true", "formal", "informal", "logic", "ref", "name", "blair", "ref", "many", "definitions", "logic", "focus", "formal", "logic", "paradigmatic", "form", "logic", "narrower", "sense", "logic", "formal", "science", "studies", "conclusions", "follow", "premises", "topic", "neutral", "way", "ref", "name", "macfarlane", "ref", "ref", "name", "corkum", "ref", "formal", "science", "contrasts", "empirical", "sciences", "like" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "physics", "biology", "tries", "characterize", "inferential", "relations", "premises", "conclusions", "based", "structured", "ref", "name", "magnus", "ref", "means", "actual", "content", "propositions", "ie", "specific", "topic", "important", "whether", "inference", "valid", "ref", "name", "macfarlane", "ref", "name", "corkum", "expressed", "distinguishing", "logical", "non", "logical", "vocabulary", "inferences", "valid", "logical", "terms", "used", "independent", "meanings", "non", "logical", "terms", "ref", "name", "macfarlane", "ref", "ref", "name", "britannica", "valid", "inferences", "characterized", "fact", "truth", "premises", "ensures", "truth", "conclusion" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "means", "impossible", "premises", "true", "conclusion", "false", "ref", "name", "routledgeformalinformal", "ref", "ref", "name", "mckeon", "general", "logical", "structures", "characterizing", "valid", "inferences", "called", "rules", "inference", "ref", "name", "hintikka", "sense", "logic", "often", "defined", "study", "valid", "inference", "ref", "name", "haacklogics", "contrasts", "another", "prominent", "characterization", "logic", "science", "logical", "truths", "ref", "name", "hintikka", "proposition", "logically", "true", "truth", "depends", "logical", "vocabulary", "used", "means", "true", "possible", "worlds", "interpretations", "non", "logical", "terms", "ref", "name", "g", "mez", "torrente", "ref", "two" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "characterizations", "logic", "closely", "related", "inference", "valid", "material", "conditional", "premises", "conclusion", "logically", "true", "ref", "name", "hintikka", "term", "logic", "also", "used", "slightly", "different", "sense", "countable", "noun", "sense", "''a", "logic''", "logical", "formal", "system", "different", "logics", "differ", "concerning", "formal", "languages", "used", "express", "importantly", "concerning", "rules", "inference", "accept", "valid", "ref", "name", "jacquette", "ref", "ref", "name", "hintikka", "ref", "name", "haacklogics", "starting", "th", "century", "many", "new", "formal", "systems", "proposed", "ongoing", "debate" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "conjunction", "introduction", "states", "two", "propositions", "math", "p", "math", "math", "q", "math", "together", "imply", "conjunction", "math", "p", "q", "math", "rule", "formal", "since", "symbols", "math", "p", "math", "math", "q", "math", "stand", "two", "statements", "regardless", "content", "ref", "name", "macfarlane", "ref", "name", "corkum", "formal", "logic", "often", "considered", "paradigmatic", "form", "logic", "ref", "name", "macfarlane", "ref", "name", "corkum", "ref", "name", "magnus", "ref", "name", "macfarlane", "ref", "name", "britannica", "ref", "name", "hintikka", "informal", "approach", "inferences", "sort", "would", "characterized", "using", "particular", "statements", "informal", "logic", "often", "part", "courses", "critical", "thinking", "informal", "approaches", "dialectical", "logic", "argumentation", "theory", "continue", "areas", "research", "ref", "name", "blair", "ref" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "subfields", "philosophical", "logic", "philosophical", "logic", "study", "logic", "within", "philosophy", "includes", "applications", "problems", "epistemology", "ethics", "philosophy", "mathematics", "natural", "language", "semantics", "mathematical", "logic", "mathematical", "logic", "study", "formal", "logic", "within", "mathematics", "major", "subareas", "include", "model", "theory", "proof", "theory", "set", "theory", "computability", "theory", "ref", "name", "scribdcom", "logic", "argument", "free", "day", "trial", "url", "https", "wwwscribdcom", "document", "notes", "logic", "website", "scribd", "language", "en", "access", "date", "may", "ref", "research", "mathematical", "logic", "commonly", "addresses", "mathematical", "properties", "formal", "systems", "logic", "however", "also", "include", "attempts", "use", "logic", "analyze", "mathematical", "reasoning", "establish", "logic", "based", "foundations", "mathematics", "ref" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "refined", "problem", "complexity", "classes", "problem", "efficiently", "solvable", "classification", "degrees", "unsolvability", "ref", "name", "theory", "computation", "formal", "languages", "automata", "complexity", "computational", "logic", "simple", "toggling", "circuit", "expressed", "using", "logic", "gate", "synchronous", "register", "computer", "science", "logic", "studied", "part", "theory", "computation", "key", "areas", "logic", "relevant", "computing", "include", "computability", "theory", "modal", "logic", "category", "theory", "early", "computer", "machinery", "based", "ideas", "logic", "lambda", "calculus", "computer", "scientists", "also", "apply", "concepts", "logic", "problems", "computing", "vice", "versa" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "instance", "modern", "artificial", "intelligence", "builds", "logicians'", "work", "argumentation", "theory", "automated", "theorem", "proving", "assist", "logicians", "finding", "checking", "proofs", "logic", "programming", "languages", "prolog", "program", "computes", "consequences", "logical", "axioms", "rules", "answer", "query", "formal", "semantics", "natural", "language", "formal", "semantics", "subfield", "linguistics", "philosophy", "uses", "logic", "analyze", "meaning", "natural", "language", "empirical", "field", "seeks", "characterize", "denotations", "linguistic", "expressions", "explain", "denotations", "composed", "meanings", "parts", "field" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "developed", "richard", "montague", "barbara", "partee", "remains", "active", "area", "research", "central", "questions", "include", "scope", "binding", "linguistic", "modality", "ref", "name", "parteehndbk", "ref", "concepts", "argument", "terminology", "used", "logic", "varieties", "reasoning", "arguments", "often", "divided", "'", "'deductive''", "''inductive''", "''abductive''", "prominent", "conception", "logic", "deductive", "reasoning", "counts", "logic", "strict", "sense", "ref", "name", "abduction", "group", "lower", "roman", "abductive", "reasoning", "see", "magnani", "l", "''abduction", "reason", "science", "processes", "discovery", "explanation''", "new", "york", "kluwer", "academic", "plenum", "publishers", "xvii", "josephson", "john", "r", "susan", "g" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "josephson", "''abductive", "inference", "computation", "philosophy", "technology''", "new", "york", "cambridge", "university", "press", "viii", "bunt", "h", "w", "black", "''abduction", "belief", "context", "dialogue", "studies", "computational", "pragmatics''", "''natural", "language", "processing''", "amsterdam", "john", "benjamins", "vi", "ref", "'", "'deductive", "argument''", "one", "whose", "premises", "intended", "guarantee", "truth", "conclusion", "words", "deductive", "argument", "seeks", "reach", "conclusion", "logical", "necessity", "instance", "following", "argument", "deductive", "deductive", "argument", "''victoria", "tall''", "''victoria", "brown", "hair''", "''therefore", "victoria", "tall", "brown", "hair''", "''inductive", "arguments''" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "logics", "notion", "understood", "equivalently", "truth", "possible", "worlds", "ref", "name", "g", "mez", "torrente", "formal", "system", "formal", "system", "logic", "consists", "language", "proof", "system", "semantics", "ref", "name", "classicallogicsep", "ref", "system", "'s", "language", "proof", "system", "sometimes", "grouped", "together", "system", "'s", "'", "'syntax''", "since", "concern", "form", "rather", "content", "system", "'s", "expressions", "term", "logic", "often", "used", "countable", "noun", "refer", "particular", "formal", "system", "logic", "different", "logics", "differ", "language", "proof", "system", "semantics", "ref", "name", "jacquette", "ref", "ref", "name", "hintikka", "ref", "name", "haacklogics" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "starting", "th", "century", "many", "new", "formal", "systems", "proposed", "ref", "name", "jacquette", "ref", "name", "haacklogics", "ref", "name", "hintikka", "formal", "language", "''language''", "set", "well", "formed", "formulas", "instance", "propositional", "logic", "math", "p", "q", "math", "formula", "math", "p", "q", "math", "languages", "typically", "defined", "providing", "''alphabet''", "basic", "expressions", "recursive", "syntactic", "rules", "build", "formulas", "ref", "name", "classicallogicsep", "proof", "system", "''proof", "system''", "collection", "formal", "rules", "define", "conclusion", "follows", "given", "premises", "instance", "classical", "rule", "conjunction", "introduction", "states" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "math", "p", "q", "math", "follows", "premises", "math", "p", "math", "math", "q", "math", "rules", "proof", "systems", "always", "defined", "terms", "formulas'", "syntactic", "form", "never", "terms", "meanings", "rules", "applied", "sequentially", "giving", "mechanical", "procedure", "generating", "conclusions", "premises", "number", "different", "types", "proof", "systems", "including", "natural", "deduction", "sequent", "calculi", "ref", "name", "classicallogicsep", "proof", "systems", "closely", "linked", "philosophical", "work", "characterizes", "logic", "study", "valid", "inference", "ref", "name", "haacklogics", "semantics", "'", "'semantics''", "system", "mapping", "expressions", "formal", "language", "denotations", "many" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "systems", "logic", "denotations", "truth", "values", "instance", "semantics", "classical", "propositional", "logic", "assigns", "formula", "math", "p", "q", "math", "denotation", "true", "whenever", "math", "p", "math", "true", "math", "q", "math", "entailment", "semantic", "relation", "holds", "formulas", "first", "cannot", "true", "without", "second", "true", "well", "ref", "name", "classicallogicsep", "ref", "semantics", "closely", "tied", "philosophical", "characterization", "logic", "study", "logical", "truth", "ref", "name", "hintikka", "metalogic", "metalogic", "study", "properties", "formal", "systems", "two", "central", "metalogical", "properties", "'", "'soundness''", "''completeness''", "system", "logic", "'", "'sound''" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "propositional", "logic", "propositional", "logic", "comprises", "formal", "systems", "formulae", "built", "atomic", "propositions", "using", "logical", "connectives", "instance", "propositional", "logic", "represents", "conjunction", "two", "atomic", "propositions", "math", "p", "math", "math", "q", "math", "complex", "formula", "math", "p", "q", "math", "unlike", "predicate", "logic", "terms", "predicates", "smallest", "units", "propositional", "logic", "takes", "full", "propositions", "truth", "values", "basic", "component", "ref", "name", "brody", "ref", "thus", "propositional", "logics", "represent", "logical", "relationships", "arise", "way", "complex", "propositions", "built", "simpler", "ones", "cannot", "represent", "inferences", "results", "inner", "structure", "proposition", "predicate" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "logic", "gottlob", "frege", "'s", "''begriffschrift''", "introduced", "notion", "quantifier", "graphical", "notation", "represents", "judgement", "math", "forall", "x", "f", "x", "math", "true", "predicate", "logic", "generic", "term", "symbolic", "formal", "systems", "first", "order", "logic", "second", "order", "logic", "many", "sorted", "logic", "infinitary", "logic", "provides", "account", "quantifiers", "general", "enough", "express", "wide", "set", "arguments", "occurring", "natural", "language", "example", "bertrand", "russell", "'s", "famous", "barber", "paradox", "man", "shaves", "men", "shave", "formalised", "sentence", "math", "exists", "x", "text", "man", "x", "wedge", "forall" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "text", "man", "rightarrow", "text", "shaves", "x", "leftrightarrow", "neg", "text", "shaves", "math", "using", "non", "logical", "predicate", "math", "text", "man", "x", "math", "indicate", "''x''", "man", "non", "logical", "relation", "math", "text", "shaves", "x", "math", "indicate", "''x''", "shaves", "''y''", "symbols", "formulae", "logical", "expressing", "universal", "existential", "quantifiers", "conjunction", "implication", "negation", "biconditional", "development", "predicate", "logic", "usually", "attributed", "gottlob", "frege", "also", "credited", "one", "founders", "analytic", "philosophy", "formulation", "predicate", "logic", "often", "used", "today", "first", "order", "logic", "presented", "principles", "mathematical", "logic", "david", "hilbert", "wilhelm" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "ackermann", "analytical", "generality", "predicate", "logic", "allowed", "formalization", "mathematics", "drove", "investigation", "set", "theory", "allowed", "development", "alfred", "tarski", "'s", "approach", "model", "theory", "provides", "foundation", "modern", "mathematical", "logic", "modal", "logic", "modal", "logic", "study", "formal", "systems", "originally", "developed", "represent", "statements", "necessity", "possibility", "instance", "modal", "formula", "math", "diamond", "p", "math", "read", "possibly", "math", "p", "math", "math", "box", "p", "math", "read", "necessarily", "math", "p", "math", "modal", "logics", "used", "represent", "different", "phenomena", "depending", "''flavor''", "necessity", "possibility", "consideration" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "math", "box", "math", "used", "represent", "epistemic", "necessity", "math", "box", "p", "math", "states", "math", "p", "math", "known", "math", "box", "math", "used", "represent", "deontic", "necessity", "math", "box", "p", "math", "states", "math", "p", "math", "moral", "legal", "obligation", "within", "philosophy", "modal", "logics", "widely", "used", "formal", "epistemology", "formal", "ethics", "metaphysics", "within", "linguistic", "semantics", "systems", "based", "modal", "logic", "used", "analyze", "linguistic", "modality", "natural", "languages", "earliest", "formal", "system", "modal", "logic", "developed", "avicenna", "ultimately", "developed", "theory", "temporally", "modalized", "syllogistic", "ref", "name", "britannica", "ref", "study", "necessity", "possibility", "remained", "important", "philosophers", "little", "logical", "innovation" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "happened", "landmark", "investigations", "c", "lewis", "formulated", "family", "rival", "axiomatizations", "alethic", "modalities", "work", "unleashed", "torrent", "new", "work", "topic", "expanding", "kinds", "modality", "treated", "include", "deontic", "logic", "epistemic", "logic", "seminal", "work", "arthur", "prior", "applied", "formal", "language", "treat", "temporal", "logic", "paved", "way", "marriage", "two", "subjects", "saul", "kripke", "jaakko", "hintikka", "built", "work", "develop", "frame", "semantics", "standard", "semantics", "modal", "logic", "graph", "theoretic", "way" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "pursued", "gerhard", "gentzen", "kurt", "g", "del", "michael", "dummett", "among", "others", "intuitionistic", "logic", "great", "interest", "computer", "scientists", "constructive", "logic", "sees", "many", "applications", "extracting", "verified", "programs", "proofs", "influencing", "design", "programming", "languages", "formulae", "types", "correspondence", "closely", "related", "nonclassical", "systems", "g", "del", "dummett", "logic", "inquisitive", "logic", "multi", "valued", "logics", "depart", "classicality", "rejecting", "principle", "bivalence", "requires", "propositions", "either", "true", "false", "instance", "jan", "ukasiewicz", "stephen", "cole", "kleene", "proposed", "ternary", "logics", "third", "truth" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "value", "representing", "statement", "'s", "truth", "value", "indeterminate", "logics", "seen", "applications", "including", "presupposition", "linguistics", "fuzzy", "logics", "multivalued", "logics", "infinite", "number", "degrees", "truth", "represented", "real", "number", "ref", "name", "stanford", "controversies", "logic", "empirical", "epistemological", "status", "laws", "logic", "sort", "argument", "appropriate", "criticizing", "purported", "principles", "logic", "influential", "paper", "entitled", "logic", "empirical", "ref", "name", "logic", "empirical", "hilary", "putnam", "building", "suggestion", "w", "v", "quine", "argued", "general", "facts", "propositional" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "logic", "similar", "epistemological", "status", "facts", "physical", "universe", "example", "laws", "mechanics", "general", "relativity", "particular", "physicists", "learned", "quantum", "mechanics", "provides", "compelling", "case", "abandoning", "certain", "familiar", "principles", "classical", "logic", "want", "realists", "physical", "phenomena", "described", "quantum", "theory", "abandon", "principle", "distributivity", "substituting", "classical", "logic", "quantum", "logic", "proposed", "garrett", "birkhoff", "john", "von", "neumann", "ref", "name", "logic", "quantum", "mechanics", "another", "paper", "name", "michael", "dummett", "argues" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "putnam", "'s", "desire", "realism", "mandates", "law", "distributivity", "ref", "name", "truth", "enigmas", "distributivity", "logic", "essential", "realist", "'s", "understanding", "propositions", "true", "world", "way", "argued", "principle", "bivalence", "way", "question", "logic", "empirical", "seen", "lead", "naturally", "fundamental", "controversy", "metaphysics", "realism", "versus", "anti", "realism", "tolerating", "impossible", "georg", "wilhelm", "friedrich", "hegel", "deeply", "critical", "simplified", "notion", "law", "non", "contradiction", "based", "gottfried", "wilhelm", "leibniz", "'s", "idea", "law" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "logic", "also", "requires", "sufficient", "ground", "specify", "point", "view", "time", "one", "says", "something", "cannot", "contradict", "building", "example", "moves", "move", "ground", "first", "solar", "system", "second", "earth", "hegelian", "dialectic", "law", "non", "contradiction", "identity", "relies", "upon", "difference", "independently", "assertable", "closely", "related", "questions", "arising", "paradoxes", "implication", "comes", "suggestion", "logic", "ought", "tolerate", "inconsistency", "relevance", "logic", "paraconsistent", "logic", "important", "approaches", "though", "concerns" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "different", "key", "consequence", "classical", "logic", "rivals", "intuitionistic", "logic", "respect", "principle", "explosion", "means", "logic", "collapses", "capable", "deriving", "contradiction", "graham", "priest", "main", "proponent", "dialetheism", "argued", "paraconsistency", "grounds", "fact", "true", "contradictions", "ref", "name", "stanford", "conceptions", "logic", "logic", "arose", "concern", "correctness", "argumentation", "modern", "logicians", "usually", "wish", "ensure", "logic", "studies", "arguments", "arise", "appropriately", "general", "forms", "inference", "example", "thomas", "hofweber", "writes" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "''stanford", "encyclopedia", "philosophy''", "logic", "however", "cover", "good", "reasoning", "whole", "job", "theory", "rationality", "rather", "deals", "inferences", "whose", "validity", "traced", "back", "formal", "features", "representations", "involved", "inference", "linguistic", "mental", "representations", "ref", "name", "stanford", "logic", "onthology", "idea", "logic", "treats", "special", "forms", "argument", "deductive", "argument", "rather", "argument", "general", "history", "logic", "dates", "back", "least", "logicism", "mathematics", "th", "th", "centuries", "advent", "influence", "mathematical", "logic" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "philosophy", "consequence", "taking", "logic", "treat", "special", "kinds", "argument", "leads", "identification", "special", "kinds", "truth", "logical", "truths", "logic", "equivalently", "study", "logical", "truth", "excludes", "many", "original", "objects", "study", "logic", "treated", "informal", "logic", "robert", "brandom", "argued", "idea", "logic", "study", "special", "kind", "logical", "truth", "arguing", "instead", "one", "talk", "logic", "material", "inference", "terminology", "wilfred", "sellars", "logic", "making", "explicit", "commitments", "originally", "implicit" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "idealization", "led", "reject", "truth", "nbsp", "mobile", "army", "metaphors", "metonyms", "anthropomorphisms", "short", "nbsp", "metaphors", "worn", "without", "sensuous", "power", "coins", "lost", "pictures", "matter", "metal", "longer", "coins", "ref", "name", "nietzsche", "rejection", "truth", "lead", "reject", "idea", "either", "inference", "logic", "completely", "rather", "suggested", "logic", "came", "existence", "man", "'s", "head", "illogic", "whose", "realm", "originally", "must", "immense", "innumerable", "beings", "made", "inferences", "way", "different", "perished", "ref", "name", "nietzsche", "thus" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "idea", "logical", "inference", "use", "tool", "human", "survival", "existence", "support", "existence", "truth", "reality", "beyond", "instrumental", "logic", "also", "rests", "assumptions", "correspond", "anything", "real", "world", "ref", "name", "nietzsche", "position", "held", "nietzsche", "however", "come", "extreme", "scrutiny", "several", "reasons", "philosophers", "j", "rgen", "habermas", "claim", "position", "self", "refuting", "accuse", "nietzsche", "even", "coherent", "perspective", "let", "alone", "theory", "knowledge", "ref", "name", "nietzsche", "georg", "luk", "cs", "book", "''the", "destruction" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "reason''", "asserts", "study", "nietzsche", "'s", "statements", "area", "logico", "philosophical", "angle", "would", "confronted", "dizzy", "chaos", "lurid", "assertions", "arbitrary", "violently", "incompatible", "ref", "name", "marxists", "bertrand", "russell", "described", "nietzsche", "'s", "irrational", "claims", "fond", "expressing", "paradoxically", "view", "shocking", "conventional", "readers", "book", "''a", "history", "western", "philosophy''", "history", "aristotle", "nbsp", "bce", "logic", "developed", "independently", "several", "cultures", "antiquity", "one", "major", "early", "contributor", "aristotle", "developed", "term", "logic", "''organon''", "''prior", "analytics''", "ref", "name", "achievement", "ref", "name", "aristotle" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "approach", "''judgements''", "broken", "''propositions''", "consisting", "two", "terms", "related", "one", "fixed", "number", "relation", "inferences", "expressed", "means", "syllogisms", "consist", "two", "propositions", "sharing", "common", "term", "premise", "conclusion", "proposition", "involving", "two", "unrelated", "terms", "premises", "aristotle", "'s", "monumental", "insight", "notion", "arguments", "characterized", "terms", "form", "later", "logician", "ukasiewicz", "described", "insight", "one", "aristotle", "'s", "greatest", "inventions", "ref", "name", "aristotle", "aristotle", "'s", "system", "logic", "also", "responsible", "introduction", "hypothetical", "syllogism", "ref", "name", "google" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "temporal", "modal", "logic", "ref", "name", "google", "ref", "name", "google", "inductive", "logic", "ref", "name", "google", "well", "influential", "vocabulary", "terms", "predicables", "syllogisms", "propositions", "aristotelian", "logic", "highly", "regarded", "classical", "medieval", "times", "europe", "middle", "east", "remained", "wide", "use", "west", "early", "th", "century", "ref", "name", "mtu", "superseded", "later", "work", "though", "many", "key", "insights", "live", "modern", "systems", "logic", "depiction", "th", "century", "square", "opposition", "expresses", "fundamental", "dualities", "syllogistic", "ibn", "sina", "avicenna" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "ce", "founder", "avicennian", "logic", "replaced", "aristotelian", "logic", "dominant", "system", "logic", "islamic", "world", "ref", "name", "hasse", "ref", "also", "important", "influence", "western", "medieval", "writers", "albertus", "magnus", "william", "ockham", "avicenna", "wrote", "hypothetical", "syllogism", "ref", "name", "goodman", "propositional", "calculus", "developed", "original", "temporally", "modalized", "syllogistic", "theory", "involving", "temporal", "logic", "modal", "logic", "ref", "name", "britannica", "also", "made", "use", "inductive", "logic", "methods", "agreement", "difference", "concomitant", "variation", "critical", "scientific", "method", "ref", "name", "goodman", "goodman", "lenn", "evan", "''islamic", "humanism''", "p", "oxford" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "university", "press", "ref", "fakhr", "al", "din", "al", "razi", "b", "criticised", "aristotle", "'s", "first", "figure", "formulated", "early", "system", "inductive", "logic", "foreshadowing", "system", "inductive", "logic", "developed", "john", "stuart", "mill", "ref", "name", "iqbal", "muhammad", "iqbal", "''the", "reconstruction", "religious", "thought", "islam''", "spirit", "muslim", "culture", "cf", "http", "wwwallamaiqbalcom", "works", "prose", "english", "reconstruction", "http", "wwwwitness", "pioneerorg", "vil", "books", "mi", "rrti", "chapter", "htm", "ref", "europe", "later", "medieval", "period", "major", "efforts", "made", "show", "aristotle", "'s", "ideas", "compatible", "christian", "faith", "high", "middle", "ages", "logic", "became", "main", "focus", "philosophers", "would", "engage", "critical", "logical", "analyses", "philosophical", "arguments", "often", "using", "variations", "methodology" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "scholasticism", "initially", "medieval", "christian", "scholars", "drew", "classics", "preserved", "latin", "commentaries", "figures", "boethius", "later", "work", "islamic", "philosophers", "avicenna", "averroes", "drawn", "expanded", "range", "ancient", "works", "available", "medieval", "christian", "scholars", "since", "greek", "work", "available", "muslim", "scholars", "preserved", "latin", "commentaries", "william", "ockham", "'s", "influential", "''summa", "logicae''", "released", "th", "century", "structured", "approach", "arguments", "degenerated", "fallen", "favour", "depicted", "holberg", "'s", "satirical", "play", "''erasmus", "montanus''" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "chinese", "logical", "philosopher", "gongsun", "long", "proposed", "paradox", "one", "one", "cannot", "become", "two", "since", "neither", "becomes", "two", "ref", "name", "scribdcom", "ref", "group", "lower", "roman", "four", "catu", "ko", "logical", "divisions", "formally", "close", "four", "opposed", "propositions", "greek", "''tetralemma''", "turn", "analogous", "four", "truth", "values", "modern", "relevance", "logic", "cf", "belnap", "nuel", "useful", "four", "valued", "logic", "''modern", "uses", "multiple", "valued", "logic''", "edited", "dunn", "eppstein", "boston", "reidel", "jayatilleke", "k", "n", "logic", "four", "alternatives", "''philosophy", "east", "west''", "university", "hawaii", "press", "ref", "china", "tradition", "scholarly", "investigation", "logic" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "however", "repressed", "qin", "dynasty", "following", "legalist", "philosophy", "han", "feizi", "india", "anviksiki", "school", "logic", "founded", "medh", "tithi", "c", "th", "century", "bce", "innovations", "scholastic", "school", "called", "nyaya", "continued", "ancient", "times", "early", "th", "century", "navya", "ny", "ya", "school", "th", "century", "developed", "theories", "resembling", "modern", "logic", "gottlob", "frege", "'s", "distinction", "sense", "reference", "proper", "names", "definition", "number", "well", "theory", "restrictive", "conditions", "universals", "anticipating", "developments", "modern", "set", "theory", "ref", "group", "lower", "roman", "chakrabarti", "kisor", "kumar" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "comparisons", "frege", "'s", "logic", "navya", "nyaya", "logic", "''philosophy", "phenomenological", "research''", "paper", "consists", "three", "parts", "first", "part", "deals", "frege", "'s", "distinction", "sense", "reference", "proper", "names", "similar", "distinction", "navya", "nyaya", "logic", "second", "part", "compared", "frege", "'s", "definition", "number", "navya", "nyaya", "definition", "number", "third", "part", "shown", "study", "called", "'restrictive", "conditions", "universals'", "navya", "nyaya", "logic", "anticipated", "developments", "modern", "set", "theory", "ref", "since", "indian", "logic", "attracted", "attention", "many", "western", "scholars" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "influence", "important", "th", "century", "logicians", "charles", "babbage", "augustus", "de", "morgan", "george", "boole", "ref", "name", "indian", "logic", "reader", "th", "century", "western", "philosophers", "like", "stanislaw", "schayer", "klaus", "glashoff", "explored", "indian", "logic", "extensively", "syllogistic", "logic", "developed", "aristotle", "predominated", "west", "mid", "th", "century", "interest", "foundations", "mathematics", "stimulated", "development", "symbolic", "logic", "called", "mathematical", "logic", "george", "boole", "published", "''the", "laws", "thought''", "introducing", "symbolic", "logic", "principles", "known", "boolean", "logic", "gottlob", "frege", "published", "''begriffsschrift''" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "inaugurated", "modern", "logic", "invention", "quantifier", "notation", "reconciling", "aristotelian", "stoic", "logics", "broader", "system", "solving", "problems", "aristotelian", "logic", "impotent", "problem", "multiple", "generality", "alfred", "north", "whitehead", "bertrand", "russell", "published", "''principia", "mathematica''", "ref", "name", "principia", "foundations", "mathematics", "attempting", "derive", "mathematical", "truths", "axioms", "inference", "rules", "symbolic", "logic", "g", "del", "raised", "serious", "problems", "foundationalist", "program", "logic", "ceased", "focus", "issues", "development", "logic", "since", "frege", "russell", "wittgenstein", "profound" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "influence", "practice", "philosophy", "perceived", "nature", "philosophical", "problems", "see", "analytic", "philosophy", "philosophy", "mathematics", "logic", "especially", "sentential", "logic", "implemented", "computer", "logic", "circuits", "fundamental", "computer", "science", "logic", "commonly", "taught", "university", "philosophy", "sociology", "advertising", "literature", "departments", "often", "compulsory", "discipline", "see", "also", "also", "known", "'", "'digital", "logic''", "logic", "gates", "notes", "references", "ref", "ref", "name", "aristotle", "ref", "ref", "name", "brandom", "ref", "ref", "name", "google", "jonathan", "lear", "''", "https", "booksgooglecom", "booksid", "lxi", "aaaaiaaj", "pg", "pa", "dq", "hl", "en", "v", "onepage", "q", "f", "false", "aristotle", "logical", "theory", "''", "cambridge", "university", "press", "p", "ref", "ref", "name", "google", "simo", "knuuttila", "''", "https", "booksgooglecom", "booksid", "iccuf", "ota", "ac", "pg", "pa", "dq", "hl", "en", "v", "onepage", "q", "f", "false", "reforging", "great", "chain", "studies" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "history", "modal", "theories", "''", "springer", "science", "business", "p", "ref", "ref", "name", "google", "michael", "fisher", "dov", "gabbay", "llu", "vila", "''", "https", "booksgooglecom", "booksid", "ajsvo", "jwnhgc", "pg", "pa", "dq", "hl", "en", "v", "onepage", "q", "f", "false", "handbook", "temporal", "reasoning", "artificial", "intelligence", "''", "elsevier", "p", "ref", "ref", "name", "google", "harold", "joseph", "berman", "''", "https", "booksgooglecom", "booksid", "fibvgcqyc", "pg", "pa", "dq", "hl", "en", "v", "onepage", "q", "f", "false", "law", "revolution", "formation", "western", "legal", "tradition", "''", "harvard", "university", "press", "p", "ref", "ref", "name", "indian", "logic", "reader", "ref", "ref", "name", "introduction", "elementary", "mathematical", "logic", "ref", "ref", "name", "logic", "empirical", "ref", "ref", "name", "marxists", "ref", "ref", "name", "mtu", "http", "chemistrymtuedu", "epcharles", "scihistory", "aristotlehtml", "aristotle", "mtu", "department", "chemistry", "ref", "ref", "name", "nietzsche", "nietzsche", "truth", "lies", "nonmoral", "sense", "ref", "ref", "name", "nietzsche", "babette", "babich", "habermas", "nietzsche", "critical", "theory", "ref" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "ref", "name", "nietzsche", "nietzsche", "''the", "gay", "science''", "ref", "ref", "name", "nietzsche", "nietzsche", "''human", "human''", "ref", "ref", "name", "principia", "ref", "ref", "name", "stanford", "logic", "onthology", "ref", "ref", "name", "stanford", "ref", "ref", "name", "stanford", "ref", "ref", "name", "logic", "quantum", "mechanics", "ref", "ref", "name", "theory", "computation", "formal", "languages", "automata", "complexity", "ref", "ref", "name", "theory", "computation", "formal", "languages", "automata", "complexity", "ref", "ref", "name", "truth", "enigmas", "ref", "bibliography", "barwise", "j", "''handbook", "mathematical", "logic''", "elsevier", "belnap", "n", "useful", "four", "valued", "logic", "dunn", "eppstein", "''modern", "uses", "multiple", "valued", "logic''", "reidel", "boston", "boche", "ski", "jm", "''a", "pr", "cis", "mathematical", "logic''", "translated", "french", "german", "editions" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "otto", "bird", "reidel", "dordrecht", "south", "holland", "boche", "ski", "jm", "''a", "history", "formal", "logic''", "nd", "edition", "translated", "edited", "german", "edition", "ivo", "thomas", "chelsea", "publishing", "new", "york", "cohen", "rs", "wartofsky", "mw", "''logical", "epistemological", "studies", "contemporary", "physics''", "boston", "studies", "philosophy", "science", "reidel", "publishing", "company", "dordrecht", "netherlands", "finkelstein", "matter", "space", "logic", "rs", "cohen", "mw", "wartofsky", "eds", "gabbay", "dm", "guenthner", "f", "eds", "''handbook", "philosophical", "logic''", "vols", "nd", "edition", "kluwer", "publishers", "dordrecht", "haack", "susan" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "''", "deviant", "logic", "fuzzy", "logic", "beyond", "formalism''", "university", "chicago", "press", "hilbert", "ackermann", "w", "''grundz", "ge", "der", "theoretischen", "logik''", "''principles", "mathematical", "logic''", "springer", "verlag", "hodges", "w", "''logic", "introduction", "elementary", "logic''", "penguin", "books", "hofweber", "http", "platostanfordedu", "entries", "logic", "ontology", "logic", "ontology", "''stanford", "encyclopedia", "philosophy''", "edward", "n", "zalta", "ed", "hughes", "rig", "ed", "''a", "philosophical", "companion", "first", "order", "logic''", "hackett", "publishing", "kneale", "william", "kneale", "martha", "''the", "development", "logic''", "oxford", "university", "press", "london", "uk", "mendelson", "elliott", "''introduction", "mathematical", "logic''", "wadsworth", "brooks", "cole", "advanced", "books", "software", "monterey", "calif", "smith", "b" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "logic", "sachverhalt", "''the", "monist''", "whitehead", "alfred", "north", "bertrand", "russell", "''principia", "mathematica''", "cambridge", "university", "press", "cambridge", "england", "external", "links", "https", "docsgooglecom", "document", "dhtrapcmwjmiqnbdmfchwaoddq", "kuqqdnwp", "lzcglny", "editusp", "sharing", "outline", "verbal", "logic", "introductions", "tutorials", "aimed", "beginners", "http", "wwwfecunditycom", "logic", "forall", "x", "introduction", "formal", "logic", "pd", "magnus", "covers", "sentential", "quantified", "logic", "https", "webarchiveorg", "web", "http", "wwwfilozofiauwedupl", "kpaprzycka", "publ", "xlogicselftaughthtml", "logic", "self", "taught", "workbook", "originally", "prepared", "line", "logic", "instruction", "nicholas", "rescher", "''introduction", "logic''", "st", "martin", "'s", "press", "essays", "https", "webarchiveorg", "web", "http", "durendalorg", "lcsl", "symbolic", "logic", "https", "wwwgutenbergorg", "ebooks", "game", "logic", "lewis", "carroll", "http", "etextlibvirginiaedu", "dichist", "analytic", "anaviihtml", "math", "logic", "history", "formal", "mathematical", "logical", "linguistic", "methodological", "ideas" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "''the", "dictionary", "history", "ideas''", "online", "tools", "https", "webarchiveorg", "web", "http", "wwwthefirstscienceorg", "syllogistic", "machine", "interactive", "syllogistic", "machine", "web", "based", "syllogistic", "machine", "exploring", "fallacies", "figures", "terms", "modes", "syllogisms", "http", "somerbynet", "mack", "logic", "logic", "calculator", "web", "based", "application", "evaluating", "simple", "statements", "symbolic", "logic", "reference", "material", "http", "legacyearlhamedu", "peters", "courses", "log", "transtiphtm", "translation", "tips", "peter", "suber", "translating", "english", "logical", "notation", "http", "wwwontologyco", "history", "logichtm", "ontology", "history", "logic", "introduction", "annotated", "bibliography", "reading", "lists", "http", "wwwuclacuk", "philosophy", "lpsg", "london", "philosophy", "study", "guide", "offers", "many", "suggestions", "read", "depending", "student", "'s", "familiarity", "subject", "http", "wwwuclacuk", "philosophy", "lpsg", "l", "mhtm", "logic", "metaphysics", "http", "wwwuclacuk", "philosophy", "lpsg", "settheoryhtm", "set", "theory" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "logic", "http", "wwwuclacuk", "philosophy", "lpsg", "mathlogichtm", "mathematical", "logic", "abstraction", "critical", "thinking", "formal", "sciences", "philosophical", "logic", "philosophy", "logic", "reasoning", "thought" ]
[ "Humanities", "Philosophy", "Logic" ]
[ "nato", "military", "ceremony", "pabrade", "lithuania", "november", "'''military'''", "also", "known", "collectively", "'''armed", "forces'''", "heavily", "armed", "highly", "organized", "force", "primarily", "intended", "warfare", "typically", "authorized", "maintained", "sovereign", "state", "members", "identifiable", "distinct", "military", "uniform", "may", "consist", "one", "military", "branches", "army", "navy", "air", "force", "space", "force", "marines", "coast", "guard", "main", "task", "military", "usually", "defined", "defence", "state", "interests", "external", "armed", "threats", "broad", "usage", "terms", "''armed", "forces''", "''military''" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "often", "treated", "synonymous", "although", "technical", "usage", "distinction", "sometimes", "made", "country", "'s", "armed", "forces", "may", "include", "military", "paramilitary", "forces", "various", "forms", "irregular", "military", "forces", "belonging", "recognized", "state", "though", "share", "many", "attributes", "regular", "military", "forces", "less", "often", "referred", "simply", "''military''", "countries", "number", "active", "soldiers", "nation", "'s", "military", "may", "function", "discrete", "social", "subculture", "dedicated", "infrastructure", "military", "housing", "schools", "utilities", "logistics", "hospitals", "legal", "services", "food", "production", "finance", "banking", "services", "beyond", "warfare" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "military", "may", "employed", "additional", "sanctioned", "non", "sanctioned", "functions", "within", "state", "including", "internal", "security", "threats", "population", "control", "promotion", "political", "agenda", "emergency", "services", "reconstruction", "protecting", "corporate", "economic", "interests", "social", "ceremonies", "national", "honour", "guards", "profession", "soldiering", "part", "military", "older", "recorded", "history", "enduring", "images", "classical", "antiquity", "portray", "power", "feats", "military", "leaders", "battle", "kadesh", "bc", "one", "defining", "points", "pharaoh", "ramses", "ii", "'s", "reign", "monuments", "commemorate", "bas", "relief", "thousand" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "years", "later", "first", "emperor", "unified", "china", "qin", "shi", "huang", "determined", "impress", "gods", "military", "might", "buried", "army", "terracotta", "soldiers", "ref", "name", "referencea", "terra", "cotta", "massed", "ranks", "qin", "shi", "huang", "'s", "terra", "cotta", "soldiers", "ref", "romans", "paid", "considerable", "attention", "military", "matters", "leaving", "posterity", "many", "treatises", "writings", "subject", "well", "many", "lavishly", "carved", "triumphal", "arches", "victory", "columns", "etymology", "definitions", "ancient", "egyptian", "military", "formation", "first", "recorded", "use", "word", "military", "english", "spelled", "ref" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "differs", "somewhat", "history", "war", "military", "history", "focusing", "people", "institutions", "war", "making", "history", "war", "focuses", "evolution", "war", "face", "changing", "technology", "governments", "geography", "military", "history", "number", "facets", "one", "main", "facet", "learn", "past", "accomplishments", "mistakes", "effectively", "wage", "war", "future", "another", "create", "sense", "military", "tradition", "used", "create", "cohesive", "military", "forces", "still", "another", "may", "learn", "prevent", "wars", "effectively", "human", "knowledge" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "em", "data", "max", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "rank", "role", "military", "organization", "characterized", "strict", "command", "hierarchy", "divided" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "military", "rank", "ranks", "normally", "grouped", "descending", "order", "authority", "officers", "eg", "colonel", "non", "commissioned", "officers", "eg", "sergeant", "personnel", "lowest", "rank", "eg", "private", "soldier", "senior", "officers", "make", "strategic", "decisions", "subordinated", "military", "personnel", "soldiers", "sailors", "marines", "airmen", "fulfil", "although", "rank", "titles", "vary", "military", "branch", "country", "rank", "hierarchy", "common", "state", "armed", "forces", "worldwide", "addition", "rank", "personnel", "occupy", "one", "many", "trade", "roles", "often", "grouped", "according", "nature", "role", "'s", "military", "tasks", "combat", "operations", "combat", "roles", "eg", "infantry", "combat", "support", "roles" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "eg", "combat", "engineers", "combat", "service", "support", "roles", "eg", "logistical", "support", "past", "armed", "forces", "communist", "states", "soviet", "union", "china", "albania", "attempted", "abolish", "military", "ranks", "later", "reintroduced", "due", "operational", "difficulties", "relating", "command", "control", "recruitment", "personnel", "may", "recruited", "conscripted", "depending", "system", "chosen", "state", "military", "personnel", "males", "minority", "proportion", "female", "personnel", "varies", "internationally", "approximately", "india", "uk", "sweden", "us", "south", "africa" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "two", "thirds", "states", "recruit", "conscript", "adults", "states", "still", "relied", "partly", "children", "age", "usually", "aged", "staff", "armed", "forces", "ref", "name", "ref", "whereas", "recruits", "join", "officers", "tend", "upwardly", "mobile", "ref", "name", "ref", "enlisted", "personnel", "childhood", "background", "relative", "socio", "economic", "deprivation", "ref", "name", "brett", "rachel", "irma", "specht", "young", "soldiers", "choose", "fight", "boulder", "lynne", "rienner", "publishers", "ref", "nbsp", "example", "us", "suspended", "conscription", "military", "disproportionately", "attracted", "african", "american", "men", "men", "lower", "status", "socioeconomic", "backgrounds", "men" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "obligations", "obligations", "military", "employment", "many", "full", "time", "military", "employment", "normally", "requires", "minimum", "period", "service", "several", "years", "two", "six", "years", "typical", "armed", "forces", "australia", "uk", "us", "example", "depending", "role", "branch", "rank", "ref", "name", "ref", "ref", "name", "ref", "armed", "forces", "allow", "short", "discharge", "window", "normally", "training", "recruits", "may", "leave", "armed", "force", "right", "ref", "name", "ref", "alternatively", "part", "time", "military", "employment", "known", "reserve", "service", "allows", "recruit", "maintain", "civilian", "job", "training", "military", "discipline", "weekends", "may" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "called", "deploy", "operations", "supplement", "full", "time", "personnel", "complement", "leaving", "armed", "forces", "recruits", "may", "remain", "liable", "compulsory", "return", "full", "time", "military", "employment", "order", "train", "deploy", "operations", "ref", "name", "ref", "name", "military", "law", "introduces", "offences", "recognised", "civilian", "courts", "absence", "without", "leave", "awol", "desertion", "political", "acts", "malingering", "behaving", "disrespectfully", "disobedience", "see", "example", "offences", "military", "law", "united", "kingdom", "ref", "name", "ref", "penalties", "range", "summary", "reprimand", "imprisonment", "several", "years", "following", "court", "martial", "ref", "name", "certain", "fundamental", "rights", "also", "restricted", "suspended" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "including", "freedom", "association", "eg", "union", "organizing", "freedom", "speech", "speaking", "media", "ref", "name", "military", "personnel", "countries", "right", "conscientious", "objection", "believe", "order", "immoral", "unlawful", "cannot", "good", "conscience", "carry", "personnel", "may", "posted", "bases", "home", "country", "overseas", "according", "operational", "need", "may", "deployed", "bases", "exercises", "operations", "anywhere", "world", "peacetime", "military", "personnel", "generally", "stationed", "garrisons", "permanent", "military", "facilities", "mostly", "conduct", "administrative", "tasks", "training", "education" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "activities", "technology", "maintenance", "recruitment", "training", "finnish", "american", "soldiers", "train", "together", "arctic", "conditions", "lapland", "finland", "part", "cold", "weather", "basic", "operation", "course", "january", "initial", "training", "conditions", "recruits", "demands", "military", "life", "including", "preparedness", "injure", "kill", "people", "face", "mortal", "danger", "without", "fleeing", "physically", "psychologically", "intensive", "process", "resocializes", "recruits", "unique", "nature", "military", "demands", "example", "individuality", "suppressed", "eg", "shaving", "head", "new", "recruits", "issuing", "uniforms", "denying", "privacy", "prohibiting", "use", "first", "names", "ref", "name", "ref", "ref", "name", "ref" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "daily", "routine", "tightly", "controlled", "eg", "recruits", "must", "make", "beds", "polish", "boots", "stack", "clothes", "certain", "way", "mistakes", "punished", "ref", "name", "ref", "ref", "name", "continuous", "stressors", "deplete", "psychological", "resistance", "demands", "instructors", "eg", "depriving", "recruits", "sleep", "food", "shelter", "shouting", "insults", "giving", "orders", "intended", "humiliate", "ref", "name", "ref", "ref", "name", "ref", "name", "frequent", "punishments", "serve", "condition", "group", "conformity", "discourage", "poor", "performance", "ref", "name", "disciplined", "drill", "instructor", "presented", "role", "model", "ideal", "soldier", "intelligence", "next", "requirement", "comes", "fairly", "basic", "need", "military" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "identify", "possible", "threats", "may", "called", "upon", "face", "purpose", "commanding", "forces", "military", "well", "often", "civilian", "personnel", "participate", "identification", "threats", "organization", "system", "process", "collectively", "called", "military", "intelligence", "mi", "difficulty", "using", "military", "intelligence", "concepts", "military", "intelligence", "methods", "nature", "secrecy", "information", "seek", "clandestine", "nature", "intelligence", "operatives", "work", "obtaining", "may", "plans", "conflict", "escalation", "initiation", "combat", "invasion", "important", "part" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "military", "intelligence", "role", "military", "analysis", "performed", "assess", "military", "capability", "potential", "future", "aggressors", "provide", "combat", "modelling", "helps", "understand", "factors", "comparison", "forces", "made", "helps", "quantify", "qualify", "statements", "china", "india", "maintain", "largest", "armed", "forces", "world", "us", "military", "considered", "world", "'s", "strongest", "guerrilla", "structure", "although", "groups", "engaged", "combat", "militants", "resistance", "movements", "refer", "using", "military", "terminology", "notably", "'army'", "'front'", "none", "structure", "national", "military" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label", "data", "label" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "data", "label", "data", "gdp", "country", "pie", "chart", "showing", "global", "military", "expenditures", "country", "us", "billions", "according", "sipri", "military", "expenditure", "usd", "defense", "economics", "financial", "monetary", "efforts", "made", "resource", "sustain", "militaries", "finance", "military", "operations", "including", "war", "process", "allocating", "resources", "conducted", "determining", "military", "budget", "administered", "military", "finance", "organization", "within", "military", "military", "procurement", "authorized", "purchase", "contract", "provision" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "goods", "services", "military", "whether", "peacetime", "permanent", "base", "combat", "zone", "local", "population", "capability", "development", "capability", "development", "often", "referred", "military", "'strength'", "arguably", "one", "complex", "activities", "known", "humanity", "requires", "determining", "strategic", "operational", "tactical", "capability", "requirements", "counter", "identified", "threats", "strategic", "operational", "tactical", "doctrines", "acquired", "capabilities", "used", "identifying", "concepts", "methods", "systems", "involved", "executing", "doctrines", "creating", "design", "specifications", "manufacturers", "would", "produce", "adequate", "quantity", "quality" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "stocks", "surplus", "peacetime", "requirements", "development", "military", "doctrine", "perhaps", "important", "capability", "development", "activities", "determines", "military", "forces", "used", "conflicts", "concepts", "methods", "used", "command", "employ", "appropriately", "military", "skilled", "armed", "equipped", "personnel", "achievement", "tangible", "goals", "objectives", "war", "campaign", "battle", "engagement", "action", "ref", "name", "p", "dupuy", "dupuy", "tn", "''understanding", "war", "history", "theory", "combat''", "leo", "cooper", "london", "p", "ref", "line", "strategy", "tactics", "easily", "blurred", "although", "deciding", "discussed", "sometimes", "matter" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "concerned", "research", "military", "psychology", "particularly", "combat", "stress", "affect", "troop", "morale", "often", "bulk", "military", "science", "activities", "directed", "military", "intelligence", "technology", "military", "communications", "improving", "military", "capability", "research", "design", "development", "prototyping", "weapons", "military", "support", "equipment", "military", "technology", "general", "also", "area", "much", "effort", "invested", "includes", "everything", "global", "communication", "networks", "aircraft", "carriers", "paint", "food", "logistics", "kawasaki", "c", "tactical", "military", "transport", "japan", "air", "self", "defense", "force", "red", "ball", "express", "convoy", "france", "possessing", "military", "capability" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "sufficient", "capability", "cannot", "deployed", "employed", "combat", "operations", "achieve", "military", "logistics", "used", "logistics", "management", "logistics", "planning", "forces", "military", "supply", "chain", "management", "consumables", "capital", "equipment", "troops", "although", "mostly", "concerned", "military", "transport", "means", "delivery", "using", "different", "modes", "transport", "military", "trucks", "container", "ships", "operating", "permanent", "military", "base", "also", "involves", "creating", "field", "supply", "dumps", "rear", "combat", "zone", "even", "forward", "supply", "points", "specific", "unit", "'s", "tactical", "area", "responsibility", "supply" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "win", "represents", "organisational", "goal", "military", "primary", "focus", "military", "thought", "military", "history", "victory", "achieved", "shape", "assumes", "studied", "military", "groups", "three", "levels", "strategic", "victory", "maratha", "navy", "considered", "foundation", "modern", "indian", "navy", "often", "employed", "land", "sea", "coordination", "tactics", "attacking", "many", "battles", "mughals", "portuguese", "military", "strategy", "management", "forces", "wars", "military", "campaigns", "commander", "chief", "employing", "large", "military", "forces", "either", "national", "allied" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "canadian", "army", "liberates", "netherlands", "nazi", "occupation", "operational", "victory", "operational", "mobility", "within", "warfare", "military", "doctrine", "level", "command", "coordinates", "minute", "details", "tactics", "overarching", "goals", "strategy", "common", "synonym", "operational", "art", "operational", "level", "scale", "bigger", "one", "line", "sight", "time", "day", "important", "smaller", "strategic", "level", "production", "politics", "considerations", "formations", "operational", "level", "able", "conduct", "operations", "sufficient", "size", "directly", "handled" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "battalions", "regiments", "brigades", "divisions", "naval", "air", "force", "equivalents", "ref", "name", "p", "dupuy", "one", "oldest", "military", "publications", "''the", "art", "war''", "chinese", "philosopher", "sun", "tzu", "written", "th", "century", "bce", "chapter", "book", "intended", "military", "instruction", "military", "theory", "huge", "influence", "asian", "military", "doctrine", "late", "th", "century", "european", "united", "states", "military", "planning", "even", "used", "formulate", "business", "tactics", "even", "applied", "social", "political", "areas", "battle", "formation", "tactics", "macedon", "classical" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "qui", "desiderat", "pacem", "praeparet", "bellum''", "let", "desires", "peace", "prepare", "war", "due", "changing", "nature", "combat", "introduction", "artillery", "european", "middle", "ages", "infantry", "firearms", "renaissance", "attempts", "made", "define", "identify", "strategies", "grand", "tactics", "tactics", "would", "produce", "victory", "often", "achieved", "romans", "praying", "gods", "battle", "later", "became", "known", "military", "science", "later", "still", "would", "adopt", "scientific", "method", "approach", "conduct", "military", "operations", "influence", "industrial", "revolution", "thinking" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "strategy", "one", "triumvirate", "'arts'", "'sciences'", "governed", "conduct", "warfare", "others", "military", "tactics", "execution", "plans", "manoeuvring", "forces", "battle", "maintenance", "army", "meaning", "military", "tactics", "changed", "time", "deployment", "manoeuvring", "entire", "land", "armies", "fields", "ancient", "battles", "galley", "fleets", "modern", "use", "small", "unit", "ambushes", "encirclements", "bombardment", "attacks", "frontal", "assaults", "air", "assaults", "hit", "run", "tactics", "used", "mainly", "guerrilla", "forces", "cases", "suicide", "attacks", "land", "sea", "evolution", "aerial", "warfare", "introduced" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "air", "combat", "tactics", "often", "military", "deception", "form", "military", "camouflage", "misdirection", "using", "decoys", "used", "confuse", "enemy", "tactic", "major", "development", "infantry", "tactics", "came", "increased", "use", "trench", "warfare", "th", "th", "centuries", "mainly", "employed", "world", "war", "gallipoli", "campaign", "western", "front", "trench", "warfare", "often", "turned", "stalemate", "broken", "large", "loss", "life", "order", "attack", "enemy", "entrenchment", "soldiers", "run", "exposed", "'no", "man", "'s", "land'", "heavy", "fire" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "opposing", "entrenched", "enemy", "technology", "arrow", "head", "bronze", "th", "century", "bc", "olynthus", "chalcidice", "occupation", "since", "ancient", "times", "military", "distinguished", "members", "society", "tools", "military", "weapons", "military", "equipment", "used", "combat", "stone", "age", "humans", "first", "took", "sliver", "flint", "tip", "spear", "first", "example", "applying", "technology", "improve", "weapon", "since", "advances", "made", "human", "societies", "weapons", "irretrievably", "linked", "stone", "weapons", "gave", "way", "bronze", "age", "weapons", "later", "iron", "age", "weapons" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "medieval", "china", "gunpowder", "invented", "increasingly", "used", "military", "combat", "use", "gunpowder", "early", "vase", "like", "mortars", "europe", "advanced", "versions", "long", "bow", "cross", "bow", "armour", "piercing", "arrowheads", "put", "end", "dominance", "armoured", "knight", "long", "bow", "required", "great", "skill", "strength", "use", "next", "significant", "technological", "advance", "musket", "could", "used", "effectively", "little", "training", "time", "successors", "muskets", "cannon", "form", "rifles", "artillery", "would", "become", "core", "battlefield" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "technology", "speed", "technological", "advances", "accelerated", "civilian", "applications", "warfare", "became", "industrialized", "newly", "invented", "machine", "gun", "repeating", "rifle", "redefined", "firepower", "battlefield", "part", "explains", "high", "casualty", "rates", "american", "civil", "war", "next", "breakthrough", "conversion", "artillery", "parks", "muzzle", "loading", "guns", "quicker", "loading", "breech", "loading", "guns", "recoiling", "barrel", "allowed", "quicker", "aimed", "fire", "use", "shield", "widespread", "introduction", "low", "smoke", "smokeless", "propellant", "powders", "since", "also", "allowed", "great", "improvement", "artillery", "ranges", "naval", "military" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "forces", "france", "britain", "exchange", "fire", "battle", "chesapeake", "development", "breech", "loading", "greatest", "effect", "naval", "warfare", "first", "time", "since", "middle", "ages", "altering", "way", "weapons", "mounted", "warships", "therefore", "naval", "tactics", "divorced", "reliance", "sails", "invention", "internal", "combustion", "advance", "military", "naval", "technology", "design", "submarine", "weapon", "torpedo", "main", "battle", "tanks", "heavy", "equipment", "armoured", "fighting", "vehicles", "military", "aircraft", "ships", "characteristic", "organized", "military", "forces" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "world", "war", "need", "break", "deadlock", "trench", "warfare", "saw", "rapid", "development", "many", "new", "technologies", "particularly", "tanks", "military", "aviation", "extensively", "used", "bombers", "became", "decisive", "many", "battles", "world", "war", "ii", "marked", "frantic", "period", "weapons", "development", "history", "many", "new", "designs", "concepts", "used", "combat", "existing", "technologies", "warfare", "improved", "war", "significant", "advances", "made", "military", "communications", "increased", "use", "radio", "military", "intelligence", "use", "radar", "military", "medicine", "use", "penicillin" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "air", "guided", "missile", "jet", "aircraft", "helicopters", "seen", "first", "time", "perhaps", "infamous", "military", "technologies", "creation", "atomic", "bomb", "although", "exact", "effects", "radiation", "unknown", "early", "far", "greater", "use", "military", "vehicles", "finally", "eliminated", "cavalry", "military", "force", "structure", "aim", "sparrow", "medium", "range", "air", "air", "missile", "f", "eagle", "world", "war", "ii", "onset", "cold", "war", "constant", "technological", "development", "new", "weapons", "institutionalized", "participants", "engaged", "constant", "'arms", "race'" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "capability", "development", "constant", "state", "weapons", "development", "continues", "present", "remains", "constant", "drain", "national", "resources", "blame", "military", "industrial", "complex", "significant", "technological", "developments", "influenced", "combat", "guided", "missiles", "used", "branches", "armed", "services", "recently", "information", "technology", "use", "surveillance", "including", "space", "based", "reconnaissance", "systems", "played", "increasing", "role", "military", "operations", "impact", "information", "warfare", "focuses", "attacking", "command", "communication", "systems", "military", "databases", "coupled", "new", "development", "military", "technology" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "use", "robotic", "systems", "intelligence", "combat", "hardware", "software", "applications", "recently", "also", "particular", "focus", "towards", "use", "renewable", "fuels", "running", "military", "vehicles", "unlike", "fossil", "fuels", "renewable", "fuels", "produced", "country", "creating", "strategic", "advantage", "us", "military", "committed", "energy", "consumption", "come", "alternative", "sources", "part", "society", "samurai", "member", "japanese", "warrior", "caste", "much", "military", "history", "armed", "forces", "considered", "use", "heads", "societies", "recently", "crowned", "heads" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "states", "democracy", "political", "system", "run", "public", "interest", "public", "force", "relationship", "military", "society", "serves", "complicated", "ever", "evolving", "one", "much", "depends", "nature", "society", "whether", "sees", "military", "important", "example", "time", "threat", "war", "burdensome", "expense", "typified", "defence", "cuts", "time", "peace", "one", "difficult", "matter", "relation", "military", "society", "control", "transparency", "countries", "limited", "information", "military", "operations", "budgeting", "accessible" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "gustavus", "adolphus", "leading", "cavalry", "charge", "militarist", "ideology", "society", "'s", "social", "attitude", "best", "served", "beneficiary", "government", "guided", "concepts", "embodied", "military", "''culture", "doctrine", "system''", "''leaders''", "either", "cultural", "memory", "national", "history", "potentiality", "military", "threat", "militarist", "argument", "asserts", "civilian", "population", "dependent", "upon", "thereby", "subservient", "needs", "goals", "military", "continued", "independence", "militarism", "sometimes", "contrasted", "concepts", "comprehensive", "national", "power", "soft", "power", "hard", "power", "nations", "separate", "military", "laws" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "regulate", "conduct", "war", "peacetime", "early", "exponent", "hugo", "grotius", "whose", "''on", "law", "war", "peace''", "major", "impact", "humanitarian", "approach", "warfare", "development", "theme", "echoed", "gustavus", "adolphus", "ethics", "warfare", "developed", "since", "create", "constraints", "military", "treatment", "prisoners", "civilians", "primarily", "geneva", "conventions", "rarely", "apply", "use", "military", "forces", "internal", "security", "troops", "times", "political", "conflict", "results", "popular", "protests", "incitement", "popular", "uprising", "international", "protocols", "restrict", "use", "even" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "created", "international", "bans", "types", "weapons", "notably", "weapons", "mass", "destruction", "wmd", "international", "conventions", "define", "constitutes", "war", "crime", "provides", "war", "crimes", "prosecution", "individual", "countries", "also", "elaborate", "codes", "military", "justice", "example", "united", "states'", "uniform", "code", "military", "justice", "lead", "court", "martial", "military", "personnel", "found", "guilty", "war", "crimes", "military", "actions", "sometimes", "argued", "justified", "furthering", "humanitarian", "cause", "disaster", "relief", "operations", "defence", "refugees", "term", "military", "humanism", "used", "refer", "actions", "see", "also", "arms", "industry" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "list", "countries", "number", "military", "paramilitary", "personnel", "list", "countries", "military", "strength", "index", "list", "countries", "level", "military", "equipment", "list", "countries", "global", "militarization", "index", "list", "countries", "without", "armed", "forces", "list", "countries", "military", "expenditures", "list", "countries", "past", "military", "expenditure", "list", "countries", "military", "expenditure", "per", "capita", "list", "air", "forces", "list", "armies", "list", "navies", "references", "external", "links", "http", "lebanese", "economy", "forumcom", "wdi", "gdf", "advanced", "data", "display", "show", "ms", "mil", "xpnd", "gd", "zs", "military", "expenditure", "gdp", "hosted", "lebanese", "economy", "forum", "extracted", "world", "bank", "public", "data", "defense", "government", "institutions", "international", "security", "national", "security", "main" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "topic", "articles" ]
[ "Applied science", "Military sciences", "Strategy", "Defensive" ]
[ "'''financial", "social", "work'''", "interactive", "introspective", "multidisciplinary", "approach", "helps", "individuals", "explore", "address", "unconscious", "feelings", "thoughts", "attitudes", "money", "ref", "name", "despard", "chowa", "despard", "chowa", "g", "n", "social", "workers'", "interest", "building", "individuals'", "financial", "capabilities", "''journal", "financial", "therapy''", "ref", "self", "examination", "process", "enables", "people", "improve", "relationship", "money", "thus", "establish", "healthier", "money", "habits", "lead", "improved", "financial", "circumstances", "ref", "name", "wolfsohn", "michaeli", "wolfsohn", "r", "michaeli", "financial", "social", "work", "''encyclopedia", "social", "work''", "article", "superseded", "completely", "different", "version", "different", "authors", "referenced" ]
[ "Social science", "Social work", "Financial social work" ]
[ "statements", "may", "need", "updated", "reflect", "new", "version", "article", "ref", "ref", "name", "wolfsohn", "wolfsohn", "r", "linking", "policy", "practice", "e", "f", "hoffler", "e", "j", "clark", "eds", "''social", "work", "matters", "power", "linking", "policy", "practice''", "pp", "washington", "dc", "nasw", "press", "ref", "ref", "name", "vitt", "vitt", "l", "values", "centered", "financial", "education", "understanding", "cultural", "influences", "learners'", "financial", "behaviors", "denver", "national", "endowment", "financial", "education", "retrieved", "http", "wwwsmartaboutmoneyorg", "portals", "lifevalue", "financialeducationpdf", "ref", "history", "reeta", "wolfsohn", "cmsw", "created", "financial", "social", "work", "founder", "president", "center", "financial", "social", "work", "ref", "name", "wolfsohn", "michaeli", "ref", "name", "cfsw", "center", "financial", "social", "work" ]
[ "Social science", "Social work", "Financial social work" ]
[ "https", "webarchiveorg", "web", "https", "wwwfinancialsocialworkcom", "ref", "financial", "social", "work", "originally", "evolved", "wolfsohn", "'s", "work", "women", "term", "femonomics", "term", "coined", "ref", "name", "wolfsohn", "michaeli", "femonomics", "expanded", "financial", "social", "work", "approach", "leads", "men", "women", "direction", "financial", "wellbeing", "ref", "name", "wolfsohn", "michaeli", "wolfsohn", "brought", "behavioral", "financial", "social", "work", "model", "university", "maryland", "continuing", "education", "training", "graduate", "level", "course", "january", "ref", "name", "cfsw", "university", "maryland", "school", "social", "work", "developed", "financial", "social", "work", "initiative", "fswi", "prepare", "social", "work", "graduates", "help", "clients", "improve" ]
[ "Social science", "Social work", "Financial social work" ]
[ "financial", "capability", "continuing", "education", "courses", "graduate", "level", "elective", "course", "classroom", "offerings", "paid", "field", "placements", "address", "financial", "issues", "individual", "community", "level", "ref", "name", "birkenmaier", "birkenmaier", "j", "et", "al", "role", "social", "work", "financial", "capability", "shaping", "curricular", "approaches", "birkenmaier", "curley", "sherraden", "eds", "''financial", "capability", "asset", "development", "research", "education", "policy", "practice''", "pp", "ny", "oxford", "university", "press", "ref", "ref", "name", "jacobson", "jacobson", "j", "sander", "r", "svoboda", "elkinson", "defining", "role", "contributions", "social", "workers", "advancement", "economic", "stability", "capability", "individuals", "families", "communities", "center" ]
[ "Social science", "Social work", "Financial social work" ]
[ "financial", "security", "research", "brief", "university", "wisconsin", "madison", "center", "financial", "security", "ref", "center", "financial", "social", "work", "'s", "certification", "curriculum", "taught", "online", "elective", "class", "university", "kentucky", "since", "ref", "name", "cfsw", "disconnect", "money", "consumerism", "features", "increasingly", "cashless", "society", "payment", "options", "including", "checks", "credit", "cards", "debit", "cards", "money", "orders", "small", "dollar", "loans", "store", "value", "cards", "well", "various", "direct", "deposit", "methods", "income", "benefits", "ref", "name", "raghubir", "srivastava", "raghubir", "p", "srivastava", "j", "monopoly", "money", "effect", "payment", "coupling", "form", "spending", "behavior", "''journal", "experimental", "psychology", "applied''", "ref" ]
[ "Social science", "Social work", "Financial social work" ]
[ "individuals", "less", "direct", "physical", "contact", "money", "disconnect", "prevents", "knowing", "understanding", "much", "money", "spending", "impacts", "financial", "circumstances", "ref", "name", "raghubir", "srivastava", "ref", "name", "wolfsohn", "michaeli", "determinants", "financial", "behavior", "individuals'", "financial", "behavior", "influenced", "many", "internal", "external", "factors", "internal", "elements", "include", "individual", "psychology", "family", "history", "environment", "ref", "name", "xiao", "xiao", "j", "j", "collins", "ford", "keller", "p", "kim", "j", "robles", "b", "nefe", "quarter", "century", "project", "years", "research", "financial", "education", "theme", "review", "financial", "behavior", "research", "implications" ]
[ "Social science", "Social work", "Financial social work" ]