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**blank** is considered a nonrenewable resource

oil

A wind turbine primarily uses **blank** type of energy

mechanical

Sodium chloride, commonly called "table salt," is made up of sodium and chlorine that have been combined chemically. **blank** term best describes sodium chloride

Compound

**blank** has the longest planetary year

Neptune

**blank** human organ system exchanges gases with the environment

respiratory

**blank** occurs largely due to cell division

healing

**blank** could be used to separate a solution of table salt and water

evaporation

**blank** is most likely found in large amounts in forest ecosystems

wood

Frame construction predominates in the New England area due to the abundance of **blank**

wood

The ratio of an object's mass to its volume is its **blank**

density

**blank** is changed into metamorphic rock , which form of energy is this process

heat

**blank** contains organisms that are multicellular , have no chlorophyll , and absorb nutrients from decaying tissue

Fungi

The starch and water molecules in potato cells are stored in **blank** organelle

vacuole

**blank** of the following is most responsible for the decay of dead organisms

microorganisms

the continuation of the species is **blank** primary function

reproductive

The force of gravity on an object depends primarily on the object's **blank**

mass

The population of **blank** of the following 26 organisms would most likely decline if small animals like rats, rabbits, and snakes were eliminated from an ecosystem

hawks

In order for a glider to fly, its weight must be opposed by **blank**

lift

the basic structural units of living organisms are **blank**

cells

All organisms classified in kingdom Animalia must also be classified as **blank** of the following

Eukaryota

The tendency of a stationary object to resist being put into motion is known as **blank**

inertia

If a solid object is taken from Earth far into space, **blank** of the following measurements of the object will change most

weight

Most of the bacteria in a forest ecosystem are best classified as **blank** of the following types of organisms

decomposers

Wolves kill many elk every year and often attack old, sick, and injured members of a herd. **blank** of the following best describes the role of the wolves in the wolf-elk relationship

predator

Earth's core is primarily composed of **blank** of the following materials

iron

the basic unit of life is **blank**

cell

Solar radiation is a combination of light with different wavelengths. **blank** type of ray can harm human skin the most

ultraviolet

The Periodic Table of the Elements is arranged so that elements with similar characteristics are in the same column. **blank** element is a highly reactive metal

helium

**blank** have been on the earth for the shortest amount of time

Humans

the most basic unit of living things is **blank**

Cells

Most underground caves are formed by the action of water on **blank**

limestone

When a person sees something, **blank** carries the message from the eyes to the brain

nerves

Cats are most closely related to **blank** of the following animals

whales

A wet towel will dry **blank** it is left in the Sun. Which process occurs to make this happen

evaporation

Eating leafy vegetables is important for human health. This is because leafy vegetables are a good source of **blank** of the following

minerals

The heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries make up **blank** organ system

circulatory

**blank** of the following is formed immediately after fertilization

zygote

**blank** has a function similar to the function of lungs in a bird

skin

Within a substance, atoms that collide frequently and move independently of one another are most likely in a **blank**

gas

**blank** of the following is found farthest from the center of an atom

electron

Earthquake waves are recorded by seismograph machines. **blank** does an earthquake wave transmit

energy

Mammals must eliminate waste products that their bodies produce. **blank** organ helps mammals eliminate bodily waste

kidney

All animals need food to survive. Immediately after an animal eats food, the food is **blank**

digested into simpler substances

Rocks that contain fragments of bones, shells, and plant remains are most likely **blank**

sedimentary

The growth of **blank** of the following usually occurs first in primary succession on a bare rock

Lichens

According to the periodic table, all of the following are metals except **blank**

fluorine

**blank** of the following groups of organisms uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen

producers

**blank** of the following identifies the primary function of a radio station tower in a communication system

transmitter

**blank** of the following substances can be separated into several elements

air

**blank** of the following tools is most useful for tightening a small mechanical fastener

pliers

**blank** functions primarily to defend the body against disease

immune

the best estimate of the number of stars in a typical galaxy is **blank** of the following

billions

New carpet is being measured for a room that is 5.5 m by 4.6 m. On a measuring tape, **blank** is the smallest unit that is necessary to measure the room accurately for the carpet

centimeters

**blank** of the following organisms produces energy from sunlight

grass

A layer of solid brittle rock comprises the outer 100 kilometers of Earth. This layer, which contains both the crust and the upper mantle, is called the **blank**

lithosphere

the best example of a pure substance is **blank**

gold

a producer in a marine ecosystem is **blank** of these organisms

algae

**blank** provides the most energy for the body in the shortest amount of time

fruit

Economics deals primarily with the concept of **blank**

scarcity

A legal minimum price at which a good can be sold is a price **blank**

floor

A government-imposed maximum price at which a good can be sold is called a price **blank**

ceiling

If Brock is willing to pay $500 for a new suit, but is able to buy the suit for $350, his consumer surplus is **blank**

$150

Sharon values a lawnmower at $300, but buys it for $200. Sharon’s willingness to pay is **blank**

$300

If Dale sells a shirt for $40, and his producer surplus from the sale is $23, his cost must have been **blank**

$17

Al is willing to pay $40.00 for a video of the movie Castaways. He finds a copy at his favorite video store for $15. Al’s consumer surplus is **blank**

$25

Julie buys a new pair of boots for $100. She receives a consumer surplus of $25 on her purchase. Her willingness to pay is **blank**

$125

If one person’s use of a good diminishes another person’s enjoyment of it, the good is **blank**

rival

**blank** is associated with both public goods as well as common resources

nonexcludable

When the marginal tax rate exceeds the average tax rate, the tax is **blank**

progressive

If the government taxes the first $50,000 of a person’s income at 20% and all income above $50,000 at 50%, then a person making $80,000 would be required to pay **blank** much in taxes

$25,000

If Shannon earns $60,000 a year and pays $12,000 in taxes while Sean earns $90,000 yearly and pays $18,000 in taxes, this income tax system would be **blank**

proportional

According to this scenario, **blank** is the explicit cost of purchasing the factory for the first year of operation

$10,000

According to this scenario, **blank** is the opportunity cost of purchasing the factory for the first year of operation

$40,000

Sandy produces umbrellas. Her current production is 300 a month. Her average fixed cost is $2. Her average variable cost is $5. It follows that her total cost is **blank**

$2,100

**blank** of the following cost curves would not typically fall and then rise as output increases

AFC

According to the figure, a profit-maximizing monopoly would have average revenues of **blank**

P3

In the diagram the deadweight loss is **blank**

$7.50

According to this table, assume that there are two profit-maximizing digital cable TV companies operating in this market. Further assume that they are able to “collude” on price and quantity of premium digital channel subscriptions to sell. As part of their collusive agreement they decide to take an equal share of the market. **blank** much profit will each company make

$140,000

Most of the total income earned in the U.S. economy is ultimately paid to households in the form of **blank**

wages

The most important factor of product based on income earned in the U.S. economy is **blank**

labor

The political philosophy according to which the government should punish crimes and enforce voluntary agreements but not redistribute income is **blank**

libertarianism

When economists describe preferences, they sometimes use the concept of **blank**

utility

Babe Ruth’s 1931 salary was $80,000. The price index for 1931 is 15.2 and the price index for 1999 is 166. Ruth’s 1931 salary was equivalent to a 1999 salary of about **blank**

$870,000.

Craig is offered a $120,000 per year job in Los Angeles, and a $90,000 per year job in Akron. The CPI for Los Angeles is 160 and the CPI for Akron is 120. **blank** is the Los Angeles job’s purchasing power in “Akron dollars”

$90,000

If the nominal interest rate is 8% and rate of inflation is 2%, the real interest rate is **blank**

6%.

Your grandparents tell you that in 1960 they paid $0.35 for admission to a movie. The price index in 1960 was 30. The price index in today is 171. What is the price your grandparents paid in today’s dollars? **blank**

$1.99

In Japan in 2000 nominal interest rates were 1.5% and the inflation rate was –.5%. The real interest rate was **blank**

2%

**blank** has gone from being among the poorest countries in the world to being among the richest

Singapore

Of countries listed in the text, the per-capita real GDP growth rates over the last 100 years ranged from about **blank**

1%-3%

If the reserve ratio is 15 percent, an additional $2,000 of reserves will increase the money supply by **blank**

$13,333

The First National Bank of Tinyville has $10,000 of reserves. If it is holding no excess reserves, and the reserve ratio is 10%, its deposits are **blank**

$100,000

If the nominal interest rate is 10%, the inflation rate is 6%, and the tax rate is 20%, **blank** is the after-tax real rate of interest

2%

According to Thomas Jefferson, **blank** of the following is an inalienable right

Liberty

The Declaration of Independence says that all men are created equal. **blank** aspect of theAmerican creed does this suggest

Liberty

Those who argue that the United States is in the midst of a culture war argue that Americansare becoming increasingly **blank**

polarized

Thomas Jefferson's phrase life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness was a modification ofJohn Locke's phrase Life, liberty, and **blank**.

property

Most of the governments in the world today are **blank**, in which all power resides in thecentral national government.

unitary

In **blank** federalism, the powers and policy assignments of the different levels ofgovernment are distinct, like a layer cake.

dual

Over time, there has been a gradual change from a dual federalism to a(n) **blank**federalism.

cooperative

In **blank** federalism, the powers and policy assignments of different levels of governmentare like a marble cake, with mingled responsibilities and blurred distinctions between layers ofgovernment.

cooperative