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48b55550-b1ad-448e-998c-d189761fa0ea | Which among the following is not true about sandostatin? | Somatostatin analogue | Used in secretory diarrhea in AIDS | Used in carcinoid | An absorbent | 3d
| multi | Octreotide is an octapeptide analog of somatostatin (SST) that is effective in inhibiting the severe secretory diarrhea brought about by hormone-secreting tumors of the pancreas and the GI tract. Its mechanism of action appears to involve inhibition of hormone secretion, including 5-HT and various other GI peptides (e.g., gastrin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), insulin, secretin, etc.). Octreotide has been used off label, with varying success, in other forms of secretory diarrhea such as chemotherapy-induced diarrhea, diarrhea associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and diabetes-associated diarrhea. Its greatest utility, however, may be in the "dumping syndrome" seen in some patients after gastric surgery and pyloroplasty. A long-acting preparation of octreotide acetate enclosed in biodegradable microspheres is available for use in the treatment of diarrheas associated with carcinoid tumors and VIP-secreting tumors, as well as in the treatment of acromegaly. Ref :Sharkey K.A., Wallace J.L. (2011). Chapter 46. Treatment of Disorders of Bowel Motility and Water Flux; Anti-Emetics; Agents Used in Biliary and Pancreatic Disease. In L.L. Brunton, B.A. Chabner, B.C. Knollmann (Eds), Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12e. | Pharmacology | null | [
"octreotide"
] | 60,681 |
be18c067-2c6d-46c5-b604-f8f5679e43f8 | Which of the following Fibrinolytic is antigenic? | Urokinase | activase | Tenecteplase | kabikinase | 3d
| single | The clinically important fibrinolytic are:
1. Streptokinase
2. Urokinase
3. Alteplase (rt-PA)
4. Reteplase
5. Tenecteplase
Streptokinase:
It is obtained from Beta hemolytic Streptococci group C.
It is inactive as such: combines with circulating plasminogen to form an activator complex which then causes limited proteolysis of other plasminogen molecules to plasmin.
Antistreptococcal antibodies present due to past infections inactivate a considerable fraction of the initial dose of Stk: a loading dose is necessary for the beginning. Its t1/2 is estimated to be 30-80 min.
Streptokinase is antigenic; can cause hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis, especially when used second time in a patient.
Repeat doses are also less effective due to neutralization by antibodies. Fever is common, hypotension and arrhythmias are reported. | Pharmacology | null | [
"streptokinase",
"alteplase"
] | 60,687 |
7c9b3773-d015-426e-959c-0033130918b1 | Preferential contamination of direct filling gold is done by: | Pure ethanol | 2% glutarol | 18% ammonia | 5% sodium hypochlorite | 2c
| single | After pellets of gold are rolled, they may be conveniently stored in a gold foil box, which is divided into labeled sections for various sizes of pellets.
Cylinders of foil and selected sizes of other types of gold also may be stored in the box. Preferential contamination is suggested by placing a damp cotton pellet dipped into 18% ammonia into each section of the box
This serves to prevent deleterious oxides from forming on the gold until it is used.
Key Concept
Contamination of direct filling gold is done by 18% ammonia.
Sturdevant's art and science of operative dentistry. 7th edition page e69 | Dental | null | [
"glutaraldehyde"
] | 60,692 |
aaabb344-d588-47c5-9d29-257deb9c4c18 | Peripheral neuritis due to nydrazid is due to formation of which complex ? | Hydrazone complex | Isobutane complex | Isoazoic complex | apresoline complex | 0a
| single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hydrazone complex Isoniazid reacts with pyridoxal to form a hydrazone, and thus inhibits gneration of pyridoxal phosphate. Isoniazid also combines with pyridoxal phosphate to interfere with its coenzyme function. Due to formation of hydrazones, the renal excretion of pyridoxine compounds is increased. Thus, isoniazid therapy produces a pyridoxine deficiency state. | Pharmacology | null | [
"hydralazine",
"isoniazid"
] | 60,693 |
9ecf594e-6297-4da7-adc5-54d045e68932 | Which among the following is the safest antimalarial drug during pregnancy? | lariam | Pyrimethamine | Proguanil | qualaquin | 2c
| single | Proguanil is a prodrug; only its triazine metabolite, cycloguanil is a selective inhibitor of the bifunctional plasmodial dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthetase that is crucial for parasite de novo purine and pyrimidine synthesis. Proguanil is considered safe for use during pregnancy. It is remarkably safe when used in conjunction with other antimalarial drugs such as chloroquine, atovaquone, tetracyclines, and other antifolates. Quinine appears to be safe in pregnancy and is used commonly for the treatment of pregnancy-associated malaria but there is increased risk of hypoglycemia. There are increased rate of stillbihs with mefloquine use, especially during the first trimester. Pregnancy should be avoided for 3 months after mefloquine use because of the prolonged t1/2 of this agent. At high doses, pyrimethamine is teratogenic in animals, and in humans the related combination, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, may cause bih defects. Ref: Vinetz J.M., Clain J., Bounkeua V., Eastman R.T., Fidock D. (2011). Chapter 49. Chemotherapy of Malaria. In L.L. Brunton, B.A. Chabner, B.C. Knollmann (Eds), Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12e. | Pharmacology | null | [
"quinine",
"mefloquine"
] | 60,698 |
5f763b6a-79bb-4b36-a3e7-ae7d15cac439 | Which of the following antimicrobials has antipseudomonal action? | vantin proxetil | Cephradine | cefotan | cefobid | 3d
| single | null | Pharmacology | null | [
"cefotetan",
"cefoperazone",
"cefpodoxime"
] | 60,700 |
c3718ff6-6cbb-4ad2-aa7d-dac351500dab | Which of the following is the drug of choice for Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion ofAntidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)? | declomycin | pitressin | Thiazide diuretic | diabinese | 0a
| single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Demeclocycline No pharmacologic agent exists that is able to antagonize ADH specifically. Specific ADH antagonists are avail able only for investigational purpose Currently, Demeclocycline and lithium are the only pharmacological t/t effective for SIADH. These are nonspecific ADH antagonists which are of limited use in some situations These two agents antagonize the action of ADH in collecting tubules by inhibiting the formation of CAMP. | Pharmacology | null | [
"chlorpropamide",
"vasopressin",
"demeclocycline"
] | 60,716 |
05b56ce8-295f-456e-afaf-e5007d62e33a | The treatment for CNS leukaemia is | Intrathecal trexall | vincasar and orapred | Intrathecal vincasar | IV orapred | 0a
| single | Intrathecal methotrexate is a chemotherapy drug which is given to prevent leukaemia cells entering the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) around the spine and brain. This drug is also used to treat leukaemia found in the CSF for CNS leukemias Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 788 | Medicine | Haematology | [
"methotrexate",
"vincristine",
"prednisolone"
] | 60,746 |
151bd058-30a5-4609-84fa-83e34f7120f6 | Best treatment for kawasaki's disease is: | Aspirin | I.V. immunoglobulins | Corticosteroids | trexall | 1b
| single | Ans. (B) IV immunoglobulins(Ref: CMDT 2012/1378-1379)Every patient with a clinical diagnosis Kawasaki disease should be treated.IVIG is given within the first 10 days of illness.Concomitant aspirin should be started until the patient is afebrileIf fever persist beyond 36 hours after the initial IVIG infusion, a new dose of IVIG should be given if no other source of fever is found.Methylprednisolone should follow if the disease persists after the second IVIG administration.Further options for refractory cases include TNF blockers (e.g., infliximab), cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and plasmapheresis. | Pharmacology | Immunomodulatory: DMARDS, Monoclonal Antibodies | [
"methotrexate"
] | 60,757 |
315d1e2d-eabd-476c-b85c-b1fdc6bf955f | rimactane kills tubercle bacilli by | Inhibiting mycobacterial DNA synthesis | Inhibiting synthesis of mycolic acids in mycobacteria | Binding to mycobacterial DNA dependent RNA polymerase | Damaging mycobacterial mitochondria | 2c
| single | Rifampin (Rifampicin, R) Mech of action:- Rifampin interrupts RNA synthesis by binding to b subunit of mycobacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (encoded by rpoB gene) and blocking its polymerizing function. Pharmacokinetics:- It is well absorbed orally, (bioavailability is ~ 70%), but food decreases absorption; rifampin is to be taken in empty stomach. It is widely distributed in the body: penetrates intracellularly, enters tubercular cavities, caseous masses and placenta. Though it crosses meninges, it is largely pumped out from CNS by P-glycoprotein. It is metabolized in liver to an active deacetylated metabolite which is excreted mainly in bile, some in urine also, t 1/2 of rifampin is variable (2-5 hours). Rifampin resistance:- It is nearly always due to mutation in the rpoB gene reducing its affinity for the drug. No cross resistance with any other antitubercular drug, except rifampin congeners, has been noted. uses of rifampin :- 1. Leprosy, Tuberculosis 2. Prophylaxis of Meningococcal and H. influenzae meningitis and carrier state. 3. Second/third choice drug for MRSA, diphtheroids and Legionella infections. 4. Combination of doxycycline and rifampin is the first line therapy of brucellosis. Ref:- kd tripathi; pg num:-768 | Pharmacology | Antibiotics | [
"rifampin"
] | 60,763 |
5ac2dcd1-2f63-49dd-a4d3-60edeb5d5240 | Not as used as induction agent among the following is - | seizalam | amidate | ketalar | diprivan | 0a
| single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Midazolam Anaesthetics| |InhalationIntravenous||||GasLiquidsInducing agentsSlower actingN2Oo Ethero Halothaneo Isofluraneo Enfluraneo Sevofluraneo Desfluraneo Thiopentoneo Methohexitoneo Propofolo Etomidateo Ketamineo Benzodiazepineso Opioidso Dissociative anaesthesia# Ketamine | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous General Anesthesia | [
"etomidate",
"ketamine",
"midazolam",
"propofol"
] | 60,768 |
c0feb0cb-5933-47df-8a52-991a61298e59 | lanoxin use in CHF associated with: | HOCM (Hyperophic obstructive cardiomyopathy) | High output failure | Atrial fibrillation with high ventricular rate | All of the above | 2c
| multi | Digitalis is used for controlling the ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation. Digitalis reduces ventricular in atrial fibrillation by decreasing the number of impulses that are able to pass down the AV node and bundle of his. It increases ERP of AV node by direct, vagomimetic and antiadrenergic actions. Essentials of medical pharmacology, seventh edition, KD Tripathi, page no:519 | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system | [
"digoxin"
] | 60,773 |
28888163-4ad9-4bcf-907b-b73d39c3ee98 | jantoven induced skin necrosis is seen in: | Protein C deficiency | Sickle cell anemia | Factor V leiden deficiency | Antithrombin 3 deficiency | 0a
| single | It is due to decreased levels of protein C. It is more likely to occur in patients with genetic deficiency of protein C. Most common side effect of warfarin:Bleeding Dermal vascular necrosis is early appearing adverse effect. Due to decreased osteocalcin synthesis Warfarin causes nasal hypoplasia and therefore contraindicated in pregnancy | Pharmacology | JIPMER 2017 | [
"warfarin"
] | 60,796 |
4b73b77d-2db2-41cb-8156-58729490d3b0 | Antibody used in the treatment of Bronchial Asthma is: | xolair | rituxan | Daclizumab | Transtusuzumab | 0a
| single | Answer is A (Omalizumab): Omalizumab is a recombinant IgE Antibody approved for use in treatment of moderate and severe persistent asthma Omalizumab is a recombinant IgE blocking antibody that neutralizes circulating IgE. It prevents circulating IgE from binding to receptors on the surface of Basophils and Mast cells and thus inhibits IgE mediated reactions. Omalizumab is indicated for treatment of 'moderate to severe' persistent asthma in patients who react to perennial allergens (Allergic Asthma). Treatment with Omalizumab has shown to reduce the number of exacerbations in patients with severe asthma and may improve asthma control. However this treatment is very expensive and is only suitable for highly selected patients who are not controlled on maximal doses of inhaler therapy and have a high circulating IgE (within a specified range). Omalizumab is usually given as a subcutaneous injection for 2 to 4 weeks and may be used in adults and adolescents more than 12 years of age. | Medicine | null | [
"omalizumab",
"rituximab"
] | 60,801 |
97ae1811-b97d-43f2-a0e4-3e637199d2e4 | Side effect of serophene citrate is:(1995) | Alopecia | Hotflushes | Hyperstimulation syndrome | All | 3d
| multi | dRef: KDT, 5th ed, p. 278 & 4th ed, p. 311-338 | Pharmacology | Endocrinology | [
"clomiphene"
] | 60,818 |
2f4652c9-db8d-4b25-a17b-bbda442a66ea | Fully humanized antibodies used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis ? | Anakira | Adalimumab | remicade | Leflunomide | 1b
| single | null | Pharmacology | null | [
"infliximab"
] | 60,834 |
433a5efc-3ba6-40be-8763-357409bf72c1 | Which of the following statement is true regarding trexall? | Oral bioavalability is 30-40% | Do not interfere with action of IL-1 | Causes Thrombocytopenia | Not useful in crohn's disease | 2c
| multi | Methotrexate causes hepatotoxicity, bone marrow suppression, alopecia, mucositis etcRef: Katzung 13th ed Pg: 1074 | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy | [
"methotrexate"
] | 60,876 |
c90d9882-3809-44e9-b302-7866072a723e | Which drug is not used in SIADH - | Fludrocoisone | declomycin | stimate | Hypeonic saline | 2c
| single | demeclocycline inhibit vasopression action in renal distal tubule.severe hyponatremia require treatment with hypeonic saline and fludrocoisone ( Harrison 17 pg 620) | Medicine | Endocrinology | [
"desmopressin",
"demeclocycline"
] | 60,878 |
4faac488-644c-4425-a727-02f7d583b241 | Alkalinization of urine is done during administration of which of the folloiwng chemotherapeutic drugs? | Ara-C | trexall | platinol | Ifosafamide | 1b
| single | Ans is 'b' i.e. Methotrexate o Urine alkalinization by NaHCO3 enhances the elimination of weak acids, e.g. Salicylates, Phenobarbitone, Chlorpropamide, formic acid and methotrexate. | Pharmacology | null | [
"methotrexate",
"cisplatin"
] | 60,891 |
9b009acb-042b-448f-930b-6824344111f8 | Which of the following statement about dilantin is true | It follows zero order kinetics | It is not teratogenic | It is excreted unchanged in urine | It does not induce microsomal enzymes | 0a
| multi | Zero-order elimination kinetics: Elimination of a constant quantity per time unit of the drug quantity First order elimination kinetics: Elimination of a constant fraction per time unit of the drug quantity Phenytoin is metabolized in the liver by hydroxylation and glucuronide conjugation. The kinetics of metabolism is capacity limited; changes from first order to zero order over the therapeutic range ref: KD Tripathhi 8thh ed. | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system | [
"phenytoin"
] | 60,895 |
ca637d73-a24a-4097-8ad7-0d518edb9c1f | Ebstein's anomaly may be a complication of which drug when used during first trimester of pregnancy: | Sodium depakene | lamictal | Lithium carbonate | tegretol | 2c
| single | Ans. C. Lithium carbonate* Teratogenic effect of Lithium:* cardiac defect - Ebstein anomaly* Apical displacement of septal posterior tricuspid valve (arterialization of right ventricle) | Psychiatry | Pharmacotherapy In Psychiatry | [
"valproate",
"lamotrigine",
"carbamazepine"
] | 60,902 |
56954634-9cf3-45bc-9f21-2d128c7782f8 | Most potent loop diuretic is : | lasix | Bumetanide | Torsemide | Ethacrynic acid | 1b
| single | Bumetanide is most potent and torsemide is the longest acting loop diuretic. | Pharmacology | null | [
"furosemide"
] | 60,908 |
c4a55080-ca6b-4722-9852-7efd63032f0f | Drug used in diabetes is: | serevent | Acetohexamide | Benserazide | Methoxamine | 1b
| single | Acetohexamide is a first-generation sulfonylurea medication used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2. Salmeterol is a beta 2-selective agonist with a prolonged duration of action (>12 hours). Benserazide is a peripherally-acting aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase or DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, which is unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methoxamine acts pharmacologically like phenylephrine, since it is predominantly a direct-acting 1-receptor agonist. It may cause a prolonged increase in blood pressure due to vasoconstriction; it also causes a vagally mediated bradycardia. Ref: Biaggioni I., Robeson D. (2012). Chapter 9. Adrenoceptor Agonists & Sympathomimetic Drugs. In B.G. Katzung, S.B. Masters, A.J. Trevor (Eds), Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 12e. | Pharmacology | null | [
"salmeterol"
] | 60,926 |
1926e768-1dfb-4f02-9bf6-764adaad8950 | Which is true about treatment of hypeensive crisis with encephalopathy in a patient with a pheochromocytoma. | Immediate surgical removal of the mass is indicated | High-dose dibenyline should be used to control the blood pressure with surgery in 24 to 48 hours | Treatment with oraverse should be staed with low-dose dibenyline to be titrated upward. Surgery should be done in 2 to 3 weeks once blood pressure is below 160/100 mmHg | Beta blockade is contraindicated | 2c
| multi | Option A- Not done as the patient may require pre-operative or intra-operative management. Option C > option B- As first we will stabilize the patient and then surgery can be done post stabilizing the patient. Option D- b is given but only after a Only after a blocker | Medicine | Disorders of Adrenal Gland | [
"phenoxybenzamine",
"phentolamine"
] | 60,944 |
431c0c74-3100-436b-a76b-20ab9f4361a4 | Which of the following parameters is not monitored in a patient on trexall therapy? | Liver function tests | Lung function test | Eye examination | Hemogramz | 2c
| single | Ans. (C) Eye examination(Ref: CMDT 2010, 1501)Methotrexate toxicities include:MyelosuppressionNephrotoxicityHepatotoxicityNeurotoxicity (with intrathecal administration and high-dose therapy)PhotosensitivityPulmonary toxicityMultiple drug interactions which may enhance toxicities (avoid aspirin, penicillins, NSAIDs, omeprazole, TMP-SMZ) | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy: General Principles | [
"methotrexate"
] | 60,946 |
99bfaa41-e23c-46b0-90e0-909ab83b76c3 | All of the following agents are used for prophylaxis of migraine, except | Propanalol | depakene | topamax | Ethosuxamide | 3d
| multi | Prophylaxis of a migraineThe drugs approved by the FDA for the prophylactic treatment of a migraine include propranolol, timolol, sodium valproate, topiramate, and methysergide (not available in the United States).Also amitriptyline, noriptyline, flunarizine, phenelzine, gabapentin, and cyproheptadine.Onabotulinum toxin type A for a chronic migraine.Phenelzine and methysergide are usually reserved for recalcitrant cases because of their serious potential side effects.Ref: Harrison; 19th edition | Medicine | All India exam | [
"valproate",
"topiramate"
] | 60,947 |
7e7ba40d-d0c6-426d-b0b7-a4303a0ee8c8 | Following drugs are known to contribute to urinary Incontinence except | Nicardipine | Haloperidol | betaloc | minipress | 2c
| multi | Medications that may cause urinary incontinence include:
Alcohol
α agonist and blockers
ACE Inhibitors
Calcium channel blockers
Diuretics
Narcotics
Thiaxolidinediones. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | [
"metoprolol",
"prazosin"
] | 79,238 |
de15460e-7e39-4cd8-970c-d15cb91fe720 | Pancreatitis may be produced by which of the following drugs? | colcrys | L- asparagine | proquin | Nalidixic acid | 1b
| single | Exposure to ceain drugs is the third most common frequent cause of pancreatitis after gallstones and alcohol. Drugs associated with pancreatitis: Definitive cause 5- Aminosalicylate 6- Mercaptopurine Azathioprine Cytosine arabinoside Dideoxyinosine Diuretics Estrogens Furosemide Metronidazole Pentamidine Tetracycline Thiazide Trimethoprim - sulphamethoxazole Valproic acid Probable cause Acetaminophen a- Methyl- DOPA Isoniazid L- asparagine Phenformin Procainamide Sulindac Ref: Sabiston 18/e, Page 1595 | Surgery | null | [
"colchicine",
"ciprofloxacin"
] | 79,239 |
73991ee8-9c23-4ee2-94d8-7047f03b8080 | Potassium channel opener with anti-anginal activity is: | Nicorandil | Dipyridamole | Dofetilide | cordarone | 0a
| single | Nicorandil opens ATP-dependent K+ channels causing aerial dilatation thus increasing afterload-potassium channel opener-used for angina Amiodarone and dofetilide are potassium channel blockers- class 3 antiarrhythmic agents REF.Essentials of Medical Pharmacology KD Tripathi 8th ed. | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system | [
"amiodarone"
] | 79,246 |
37659c20-d70f-4c77-a5b9-0417867a7239 | All of the following are topically used sulfonamides EXCEPT : | Sulfacetamide | azulfidine | Silver sulfadiazine | Mafenide | 1b
| multi | null | Pharmacology | null | [
"sulfasalazine"
] | 79,252 |
322e1469-9496-40e4-83e5-2f8501238f1b | The following metabolite is a derivative of tryptophan- | Melatonin | synthroid | epipen | Nor epipen | 0a
| single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Melatonin Amino acidsBiological important compoundTyrosineCatecholamines (epinephrineQ, norepinephrineQ, dopamineQ), thyroxineQ, triiodothryonine, melanin Q.(Note: - Phenylalanine is the precursor of tyrosine, thus it can also give rise to all these compounds through tyrosine (phenylalanine - TyrosineQ - CatecholaminesQ, thyroxineQ, T3, melaninQ).TryptophanVitamin niacinQ, melatoninQ, SerotoninQGlycineQ,ArginineQ,methionineQCreatineQGlycine, cysteineBile saltsGlycineHeme.Aspartic acid andglutaminePyrimidine basesGlycineQ,aspartic acid,glutaminePurine basesQb-alanineCoenzyme-AArginineNitric oxideQGlutamateGama-amino butyric acid (GABA) | Biochemistry | Amino Acid Metabolism | [
"epinephrine",
"thyroxine"
] | 79,256 |
9d0e3810-0679-400c-8675-3449a4ff0a83 | Complications of retrovir therapy | Nausea and vomiting | Anemia | Steatosis | All of the above | 3d
| multi | *anemia and neutripenia are the most impoant band dose related adverse effects of Zidovudine *nausea anorexia abdominal pain, headache, insomnia and myalgia are common at sta of the therapy bit diminishes later Myoptahy lactic acidosis ,Hepatomegaly, with steatosis, convulsion and encephalopathy ate infrequent Refer KDT6/e p771 | Anatomy | General anatomy | [
"zidovudine"
] | 79,260 |
6eed2bd9-b5ac-4916-b19b-82c4e4b7d8d6 | Surinder singh developed acute CHF and was put on digitalis therapy. ECG of this patient revealed the presence of ventricular extrasystoles. Which of the following drugs can be administered safely to this patient in order to counteract this arrhythmia ? | Lignocaine | quinora | atropen | cordarone | 0a
| single | null | Pharmacology | null | [
"amiodarone",
"atropine",
"quinidine"
] | 79,263 |
3c13cacc-69ea-4d07-86f3-69a44755ce7b | Respiratory irritation is seen with: | Ether | fluothane | Trichloroethlyene | Cyclopropane | 2c
| single | Trichloroethlyene | Anaesthesia | null | [
"halothane"
] | 79,268 |
bac178fe-141c-4286-beec-88cca81f6fef | An old woman, Nanda suffered stroke for which she was given activase. She improved considerably. To prevent the recurrence of stroke, this patient is most likely to be treated indefinitely with: | Aspirin | jantoven | Urokinase | lovenox | 0a
| single | Antiplatelet drugs like aspirin or clopidogrel are used to prevent aerial thrombosis (in diseases like MI and stroke). Enoxaparin (LMW Heparin) is indirect thrombin inhibitor used in treatment of DVT Urokinase is fibrinolytic drug used in stroke/Acute MI/Pulmonary Embolism (within 3-4hrs) Warfarin is oral anticoagulant and Vit. K inhibitor. | Pharmacology | Hematology | [
"enoxaparin",
"warfarin",
"alteplase"
] | 79,281 |
8a70e3e0-02cf-41a6-888d-d10646b1e095 | Ovarian Hyperstimulation syndrome can be seen in patients treated with - | FSH/LH therapy | serophene citrate | GnRH therapy | All the above | 3d
| multi | Ans is 'd' i.e., All the above Ovarian Hvperstimulation Syndromeo Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication of assisted reproductive technologies and an iatrogenic complication occurring in the luteal phase or early pregnancy,o It is a potentially life-threatening condition, occurring in 1-10%.o It results from induction of ovulation in infertility cases.o It is seen in patients treated with FSH/LH, Clomiphene citrate and GnRH therapy. It is more common in FSH/ LH therapy than clomiphene and pulsatile GnRH drugso Its incidence is higher in PCOS and anovulatory infertility as compared to infertility caused by amenorrhoea. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Pathology of Conception | [
"clomiphene"
] | 79,309 |
f0174051-c119-4fbf-acf1-6280d3459c6b | A drug used to prevent niacin-induced flushing is | tylenol | Cetrizine | Aspirin | Dexamathasone | 2c
| single | Niacin-induced flushing:Prostaglandin-mediatedAlways stas in the face and may be accompanied by skin dryness, itching, paraesthesia and headachePremedication with aspirin may allete these symptomsFlushing is subject to tachyphylaxis and often improves with time(Ref: Harrison&;s 18/e p598) | Medicine | All India exam | [
"paracetamol"
] | 79,311 |
83674466-8a13-4bd2-b792-03418af03bf0 | Which of the following is an aromatase inhibitor? | nolvadex | femara | danocrine | Taxane | 1b
| single | Letrozole is an orally active nonsteroidal compound that reversibly inhibits aromatization all over the body Letrozole, anastrozole, fadrozole, exemestane, formestane etc are aromatase inhibitors Ref Essentials of medical Pharmacology TD Tripathi 7th edition page no.314) | Pharmacology | Endocrinology | [
"danazol",
"letrozole",
"tamoxifen"
] | 79,313 |
f7a44dbd-cb27-4fcc-92d5-074b54f22a82 | Which of the following ATT drugs is associated with visual deterioration | INH | Rifampicin | Capreomycin | myambutol | 3d
| single | D i.e. Ethambutol The common agents which lead to toxic amblyopia or chronic retrobulbar neuritis are - tobacco Q, methyl alcohol Q, ethyl alcohol, lead, arsenic, quinine Q, carbon di sulphide, cannabis indica and ethambutol Q Ethambutol is contraindicated in children below 6 yearsQ because young children may be unable to repo early visual impairment. Ethambutol amblyopia presents with defective colour vision, reduced visual acuity and central or centrocaecal scotoma but when optic chiasma is involved a bitemporal hemianopia develops. | Ophthalmology | null | [
"ethambutol"
] | 79,315 |
3625accf-3f0b-4add-a701-81e33f273bca | Which of the following potassium sparing diuretic alters cardiac moality- | carospir | Amiloride | dyrenium | Epleronone | 0a
| multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Spironolactone o Among potassium sparing diuretics, aldosterone antagonists (Spironolactone, eplerenone) reduce moality in CHF. | Pharmacology | null | [
"spironolactone",
"triamterene"
] | 79,321 |
a52f4366-024b-4c5d-8657-968ce879d6ef | The drug contraindicated in variant angina is | Aspirin | GTN | inderal | Nicorandil | 2c
| single | Beta blockers are contraindicated invariant or vasospastic angina as they produce vasoconstriction by blocking beta 2 receptors which produce vasodilatation Also, the unopposed action of alpha receptor activation can l.t vasoconstriction. Ref: Katzung 13th ed Pg: 203-206 | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system | [
"propranolol"
] | 79,331 |
5d9b7538-f612-49f3-9990-66ff043bc608 | Preservative used in coagulation study is - | Calcium citrate | disotate | Sodium bromide | Thrombin | 1b
| single | Answer- B. EDTACommonly used anti coagulants are-EDTAHeparinSodium citrateOxalatesSodium fluorideSodium iodoacetate | Pathology | null | [
"edta"
] | 79,342 |
d12fbd64-b3bb-4b77-969e-24f3d75554fc | Which of the following antidepressants causes urine retention? | tofranil | prozac | Dothiepin | Risperidone | 0a
| single | null | Pharmacology | null | [
"fluoxetine",
"imipramine"
] | 79,347 |
9593049e-b37d-4d5f-a3e5-09d50a1140c4 | Centrally acting antihypeensive drugs is | dibenyline | aldomet | minipress | Propanolol | 1b
| multi | Refer kDT 7/e p566 The classic centrally acting antihypeensives such as clonidine, guanfacine and alpha-methyl-DOPA ( its active metabolite alpha-methyl-noradrenaline) induce peripheral sympathoinhibition and a fall in blood pressure as a result of alpha2-adrenoceptor stimulation in the brain stem. These drugs have lost much of their clinical impoance because of their unourable side-effects (sedation, dry mouth, impotence), which are also mediated by alpha2-adrenoceptors, although in other anatomical regions. Moxonidine and rilmenidine are the examples of a new class of centrally acting antihypeensives, which cause peripheral sympathoinhibition mediated by imidazoline (I1)-receptors in the rostral ventromedulla (RVLM). Their side-effect profile appears to be better than that of clonidine and alpha-methyl-DOPA, probably because of a weaker affinity for alpha2-adrenoceptors. The mode of action, haemodynamic profile, antihypeensive efficacy and adverse reactions of the classic and newer centrally acting antihypeensives are the subject of the present survey. Attention is also paid to other therapeutic applications of centrally acting antihypeensives, such as congestive hea failure and the metabolic syndrome. | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system | [
"phenoxybenzamine",
"methyldopa",
"prazosin"
] | 79,361 |