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{ "text": [ "the use of batteries and chemical energy", "how radiant energy and solar collectors can be used", "the conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy", "how thermal energy can be converted into electrical energy" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Volvox colonies produce gametes.", "Volvox cells undergo conjugation.", "Volvox colonies produce single-celled offspring.", "Volvox cells reproduce by vegetative budding." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "electrical energy", "sound energy", "light energy", "heat energy" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "basalt", "marble", "granite", "limestone" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "is unicellular.", "is a form of bacteria.", "is made of multiple cells.", "lacks an organized nucleus." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Conduction transfers energy from the spoon to the hot chocolate.", "Conduction transfers energy from the hot chocolate to the spoon.", "Convection transfers energy from the spoon to the hot chocolate.", "Convection transfers energy from the hot chocolate to the spoon." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "become more creative.", "distrust the work of other scientists.", "work to accept published hypotheses.", "conduct research to confirm or disprove theories." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "gradient", "elevation", "base level", "water quality" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "potato chips", "chocolate cake", "fruit salad", "scrambled eggs" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "wave action", "solar energy", "trees blowing", "gravitational force" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "New matter was created in the bubbles.", "Old matter was destroyed as the water turned to gas.", "Matter was conserved when it changed form.", "The composition of the matter changed." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "conventional diesel fuel", "distilled kerosene", "conventionally produced vegetable oil", "organically produced vegetable oil" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "It interferes with balance and coordination.", "It decreases the ability to make decisions rapidly.", "It decreases stamina and cardiovascular efficiency.", "It decreases the speed and power of muscle contractions." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Heat transferred through the ice cube by convection.", "Heat transferred from the air to the ice cube by radiation.", "Heat transferred from the air and the pavement by conduction.", "Heat transferred through the ice cube into the pavement by conduction." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "water", "salt", "light", "oxygen" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "by making only small changes", "by changing only a few specific ocean basins", "by causing changes to occur at very slow rates", "by causing paired changes with equal and opposite effects" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "an element in the same group", "an element in the same period", "an element with the same net charge", "an element with the same atomic mass" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "overgrazing", "wind erosion", "increased irrigating", "increased fertilization" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "consumer", "decomposer", "scavenger", "producer" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "lizards that can climb higher in the fruit trees", "lizards that have darker coloration", "lizards that can find other types of food", "lizards that produce more offspring" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "by decreasing the amount of salt dissolved in ocean water", "by increasing the water's ability to separate into distinct layers", "by changing temperature conditions that single-celled producers require", "by preventing organisms from responding quickly to environmental change" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "To increase the number of female insects", "To reduce the total population of insects", "To produce new species of insects", "To prevent insects from mating" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the birds that have the greatest number", "the birds that are most able to adapt", "the birds that can fly the farthest", "the birds with the strongest beaks" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Long hair is cut and dried.", "A wooden pencil is sharpened and breaks.", "An ice cube melts and becomes a clear liquid.", "An iron nail becomes orange and flaky on the surface." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "5 m/s", "8 m/s", "12 m/s", "20 m/s" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "cell membrane.", "cytoplasm.", "cell wall.", "ribosome." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Water is released from the skin.", "Muscles shake in small movements.", "The rate of heart beats slows.", "The lungs take in additional air." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "stop when a species forms.", "speed up with stable conditions.", "take place over many generations.", "are independent of the environment." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Sea temperatures would decrease.", "Greenhouse gases would increase.", "Atmospheric oxygen would increase.", "Sea levels would drastically decrease." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "liver", "kidney", "stomach", "bladder", "heart" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ] }

{ "text": [ "water (H2O)", "hexane (C6H14)", "ammonia (NH3)", "sulfur dioxide (SO2)" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a spider", "a fly", "a lizard", "a centipede" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "liquid and warmer", "solid and warmer", "liquid and colder", "solid and colder" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "All elements are metals.", "All elements have six electrons.", "All elements are pure substances.", "All elements exist in the solid phase." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "oxygen", "nitrogen", "water vapor", "carbon dioxide" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "is more elastic.", "absorbs heat faster.", "has a higher density.", "reflects sound better." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "makes the food hot enough to burn", "adds more oxygen needed for burning", "increases the amount of wood there is to burn", "provides the energy needed to keep the fire going" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a salt and water", "two different elements", "a weak acid and a weak base", "hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "foggy", "sunny", "clear and colder", "cloudy and rainy" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the pH of the water", "the clarity of the water", "the pressure of the water", "the temperature of the water" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "DNA", "cytoplasm", "a nucleus", "a cell membrane" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The Sun spins on its axis.", "The Sun is located outside the Milky Way galaxy.", "The Sun is part of the Big Dipper.", "The Sun produces light and energy in a nuclear reaction." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Sodium atoms replace chlorine atoms.", "Sodium and chlorine atoms mix together.", "Sodium atoms dissolve in chlorine atoms.", "Sodium and chlorine atoms bond chemically." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "ribosome", "chloroplast membrane", "nucleus", "endoplasmic reticulum" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Talc", "Sulfur", "Gypsum", "Hematite" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "wild animals marking their territories", "remora fish traveling with sharks", "lions preying on zebras", "wolves traveling in packs" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "coal from mountain deposits", "oil and gas from underground reservoirs", "electric energy from hydroelectric generators", "minerals from mining gold, silver, and copper" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the same kind of cells working together.", "different systems working together.", "the same kind of organs forming a system.", "different organs performing a function." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "digest food", "grow taller", "make food", "absorb water" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "an increase in animal populations", "a decrease in oxygen production", "an increase in precipitation", "a decrease in pollutants" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "construct new scientific methods.", "revise scientific knowledge.", "form new hypotheses.", "disprove scientific theories." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "osmosis", "mitosis", "photosynthesis", "respiration" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "using caution when handling hot glassware", "turning off burners when you are not using them", "studying lab procedures prior to conducting the experiment", "checking with your teacher on the procedure to dispose of chemicals" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "less than the force of the moving passenger", "greater than the force of the moving car", "in the same direction as the car's motion", "in the opposite direction of the passenger's motion" ], "label": [ "1", "2", "3", "4" ] }

{ "text": [ "convection", "radiation", "conduction", "evaporation" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the elephants and the shrubs", "the shrubs and the lions", "the elephants and the gazelles", "the gazelles and the lions" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "desert", "forest", "grassland", "tundra" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "stored in the ball until it hits the pins.", "increased as friction is applied to the ball.", "converted from kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy.", "converted to heat and sound when it makes contact with the floor." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "frying an egg", "baking a cake", "melting butter", "toasting bread" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "respond to changes in the environment", "move from place to place to survive", "store fat for the winter", "compete with other animals for food" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "decrease", "increase", "remain the same" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C" ] }

{ "text": [ "gibbous", "full moon", "new moon", "first quarter" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "earthquakes", "hurricanes", "tornados", "blizzards" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "gain thermal energy.", "move more freely.", "increase in size.", "decrease in speed." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The north poles of the two magnets are facing each other.", "One magnet is a north pole and one magnet is a south pole.", "The ends of magnets repel each other but the centers attract.", "One magnet is storing energy and one magnet is releasing energy." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "How does solar energy affect cloud formation?", "Why are tigers more beautiful than iguanas?", "What is the best subject to study at college?", "Should humans invest in space travel?" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "stable separation from their environment", "assembly into self-replicating structures", "storage of traits in chemically encoded form", "accumulation of energy-storing molecules" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "air", "fruit", "sunlight", "support" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "gravitational", "mechanical", "nuclear", "radiant" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "eating small fish", "swimming in salt water", "balancing a ball on its nose", "breathing though its blowhole" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a day", "a week", "a month", "a year" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The bulb gets hot.", "The bulb produces light.", "The lamp uses copper wires.", "The lamp can be turned off at a switch." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the average yearly rainfall in the ecosystem", "the types of producers found in the ecosystem", "the size of a predator population in the ecosystem", "the microorganisms living in the soil of the ecosystem" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a significant decrease in fish populations", "a significant increase in forest ecosystems", "a significant increase in water evaporation", "a significant decrease in the number of pond habitats" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "They build mountains.", "They cause earthquakes.", "They move sand, creating sandbars.", "They create inland saltwater rivers." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "cork", "water", "air", "steel" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Turtles lay fertilized eggs in a pit in the sand.", "Seeds form in pine cones after pollen reaches the cones.", "Fish release egg cells and sperm cells at the surface of the water.", "Trees send out rootlike extensions that produce new stems." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "waning gibbous", "waxing crescent", "full moon", "new moon" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a bell ringing in a tower", "a leaf falling from a tree", "a ball rolling down a hill", "a flag moving in the wind" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "increase in the salt content of existing coastal wetlands", "increase in the number of organisms in existing reefs", "decrease in the number of tides each day", "decrease in the depth of the ocean floor" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a truss bridge", "a suspension bridge", "a beam bridge", "a cantilever bridge" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "A flood makes people leave a town.", "An earthquake makes waves in a field.", "A volcano makes new land with lava.", "A landslide into a bay makes a tidal wave." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "It should be poured down a drain.", "It should be poured into a recycling bin.", "It should be poured into a waste container.", "It should be placed in a hazardous materials disposal container." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Aristotle", "Copernicus", "Einstein", "Newton" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "mass.", "brightness.", "distance from Earth.", "distance from the Sun." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "squirrels", "earthworms", "honeybees", "beetles" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "the size of each ball", "the thickness of the ramp", "the length of the ramp", "the time it takes the ball to travel" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The dog avoids a pet cat.", "The dog jumps on a sofa.", "The dog rolls over on command.", "The dog drools when it smells food." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "It allows the plants to grow taller.", "It produces flowers that attract insects.", "It produces blackberries that have more flavor.", "It allows blackberry plants to adapt to new conditions." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "building evidence through ongoing investigation.", "identifying a hypothesis that supports the data.", "making conclusions about evidence from results.", "proposing data that is easy to understand." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Water vapor must get warmer.", "Water vapor must lose heat energy.", "Precipitation must begin to fall and run off.", "Transpiration must add water vapor to the atmosphere." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "roots will grow downward, stems will grow downward", "roots will grow downward, stems will grow upward", "roots will grow upward, stems will grow downward", "roots will grow upward, stems will grow upward" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "muscular and skeletal", "nervous and endocrine", "digestive and excretory", "respiratory and circulatory" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Hot lava cools and forms new rock.", "Water vapor condenses to form a cloud.", "A seismic wave travels through the mantle.", "An ocean basin forms between two continents." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "Heat is absorbed by sweat when it evaporates.", "Heat is absorbed by the body when sweat evaporates.", "The temperature of the water in sweat goes down when it evaporates.", "The temperature of the water in the body goes up when sweat evaporates." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "drinking water", "eating fish", "opening garbage can lids", "protecting its young" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "a magnitude 7.2 earthquake", "a tropical storm surge", "an electrical storm", "a volcanic eruption" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "burning a forest", "burning fossil fuels", "digging a new landfill", "spraying crops with chemicals" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "sweep with a brush onto transfer paper", "scoop with lab spatula onto transfer paper", "pinch with fingers and lift onto transfer paper", "pour from bottle onto transfer paper" ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }

{ "text": [ "The body converts other amino acids to leucine.", "The body stores carbohydrates containing leucine.", "The body breaks down fatty acids to obtain leucine.", "The body digests protein in food to obtain leucine." ], "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] }