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What epistles include references to key episodes of the life of the person who is the focus of Cento vergilianus de laudibus Christi?

Planning Alternative Tomorrows with Hope (PATH) is a strengths-based person-centred planning process developed by John O'Brien, Marsha Forrest and Jack Pierpoint, who also developed the McGill Action Planning System (MAPS) . The PATH process is designed to help a focus person establish their own vision for their life and imagine what supports and connections will help them achieve this vision. Unlike other person-centred planning processes, PATH is also intended to be a community-building opportunity, and is not limited to existing service systems. The focus person chooses is invited to their PATH meetings, and it is encouraged to include not only service providers but also those who share a common identity or culture with the focus person. PATH is designed to develop a comprehensive plan and goals to work towards. In PATH, a service plan is only the response of one of the parties for how they can contribute toward the focus person's vision for their life. PATH includes and stresses documentation and structures of accountability, since follow through by support persons is essential for client wellbeing. It is especially suited for situations where all participants are already familiar with the focus person, since it does not include information gathering components. Low-level waste (LLW) is nuclear waste that does not fit into the categorical definitions for intermediate-level waste (ILW), high-level waste (HLW), spent nuclear fuel (SNF), transuranic waste (TRU), or certain byproduct materials known as 11e(2) wastes, such as uranium mill tailings. In essence, it is a definition by exclusion, and LLW is that category of radioactive wastes that do not fit into the other categories. If LLW is mixed with hazardous wastes, then it has a special status as mixed low-level waste (MLLW) and must satisfy treatment, storage, and disposal regulations both as LLW and as hazardous waste. While the bulk of LLW is not highly radioactive, the definition of LLW does not include references to its activity, and some LLW may be quite radioactive, as in the case of radioactive sources used in industry and medicine. "Sheriff Fatman" is a single by Carter the Unstoppable Sex Machine, released in 1989, and featuring on the album 101 Damnations. The track is probably their best-known original composition. The lyrics rail against slum landlords and their intimidatory tactics used against tenants, and include references to Nicholas Van Hoogstraten (referred to as "Nicholas Van Whatsisface") and Peter Rachman, as well as Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie. Sheriff Fatman featured on the influential 1990 Madchester compilation album "Happy Daze". Bartolomeo Goggio (also known Goggi, Gogio, and Gogo) was an Italian author and notary. He was born in Ferrara circa 1430 and died sometime after 1493. Goggio is recognized as a contributor to the pro-woman side of the "querelle des femmes" — "a debate about the nature and worth of women that unfolded in Europe from the medieval to the early modern period." . <ref name="Querelle/Home"></ref> He is most recognized for "De laudibus mulierum" [On the Merits of Women], which was dedicated to Eleanor of Naples, Duchess of Ferrara. <ref name="Querelle/Goggio"></ref> Gay pulp fiction, or gay pulps, refers to printed works, primarily fiction, that include references to male homosexuality, specifically male gay sex, and that are cheaply produced, typically in paperback books made of wood pulp paper; lesbian pulp fiction is similar work about women. Michael Bronski, the editor of an anthology of gay pulp writing, notes in his introduction, "Gay pulp is not an exact term, and it is used somewhat loosely to refer to a variety of books that had very different origins and markets" People often use the term to refer to the "classic" gay pulps that were produced before about 1970, but it may also be used to refer to the gay erotica or pornography in paperback book or digest magazine form produced since that date. Sir John Fortescue ( 1394 – December 1479) was the Chief Justice of the King's Bench and was the author of "De Laudibus Legum Angliae" ("Commendation of the Laws of England"), first published posthumously "circa" 1543), an influential treatise on English law. In the course of Henry VI's reign, Fortescue was appointed one of the governors of Lincoln's Inn three times and served as a Member of Parliament from 1421 to 1437. He became one of the King's Serjeants during the Easter term of 1441, and subsequently served as Chief Justice of the King's Bench from 25 January 1442 to Easter term 1460. The four canonical gospels of the New Testament are the primary sources of information for the narrative of the life of Jesus. However, other parts of the New Testament, such as the Pauline epistles which were likely written within 20–30 years of each other, also include references to key episodes in his life such as the Last Supper. And the Acts of the Apostles () says more about the Ascension episode than the canonical gospels. Many individual states within the US have accessibility policies for Information and Communications Technology (ICT). These policies often include references to national or international standards. They provide websites and software authors with technical details to ensure that users with disabilities can access the information and that adequate functionality is assured. The most commonly referenced standards are Section 508 and the W3C's Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. The table below provides information for all fifty states and indicates whether policies are in place for websites and software. It also indicates what standards the web policies are based on and provides links to the policies. The extant manuscripts of the writings of the 1st-century Romano-Jewish historian Flavius Josephus include references to Jesus and the origins of Christianity. Josephus' "Antiquities of the Jews", written around 93–94 AD, includes two references to the biblical Jesus Christ in Books and and a reference to John the Baptist in Book . Scholarly opinion varies on the total or partial authenticity of the reference in of the "Antiquities", a passage that states that Jesus the Messiah was a wise teacher who was crucified by Pilate, usually called the "Testimonium Flavianum". The general scholarly view is that while the "Testimonium Flavianum" is most likely not authentic in its entirety, it is broadly agreed upon that it originally consisted of an authentic nucleus, which was then subject to Christian interpolation and/or alteration. Although the exact nature and extent of the Christian redaction remains unclear, there is broad consensus as to what the original text of the "Testimonium" by Josephus would have looked like. Cento vergilianus de laudibus Christi (] ; A Virgilian Cento Concerning the Glory of Christ), also known as De laudibus Christi and Cento Probae, is the title of a fourth-century AD Latin poem, which was arranged by Faltonia Betitia Proba AD 350–360, after the author's conversion to Christianity. A "cento" is a poetic work composed of verses (or passages) taken from other authors and disposed in a new form (or order). The poem reworks verses extracted from the work of Virgil to tell stories from the Old and New Testament of the Christian Bible, with much of the work focusing on the story of Jesus Christ.

Dim sum and Yum cha are both food-based traditions based on what people?

Dim sum bonds are bonds issued outside of China but denominated in Chinese renminbi, rather than the local currency. They are named after dim sum, a popular style of cuisine in Hong Kong. Cha siu bao () is a Cantonese barbecue-pork-filled bun ("baozi"). The buns are filled with barbecue-flavored cha siu pork. They are served as a type of dim sum during "yum cha" and are sometimes sold in Chinese bakeries." Cha siu" refers to the pork filling; the word "bao" means "bun". The tea-drinking habits of Hong Kong residents derive from Chinese tea culture, primarily the Cantonese traditions such as yum cha. After more than 150 years of British rule, however, they have changed somewhat to become unique in the world. This uniqueness is not only in terms of the tea itself, but also in terms of the underlying social and cultural values. Yum cha (; "lit." "drink tea"), is the Cantonese tradition of brunch involving Chinese tea and dim sum. The practice is popular in Cantonese-speaking regions in China, including the southern provinces of Guangdong and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau. It is also carried out in other regions worldwide where there are overseas Chinese communities. Lo mai gai (), is a classic dim sum dish served during yum cha. The dish is also called by the literal English translations such as "steamed sticky rice with chicken in lotus leaf wrap." The portion size of "lo mai gai" is generally quite large, so there is a smaller variant created known as jan jyu gai (). Turnip cake () is a Chinese dim sum dish made of shredded radish (typically Chinese radish) and plain rice flour. The less commonly used radish cake is a more accurate name, in that Western-style turnips are not used in the dish; it is traditionally called carrot cake in Singapore. It is commonly served in Cantonese "yum cha" and is usually cut into rectangular slices and sometimes pan-fried before serving. Each pan-fried cake has a thin crunchy layer on the outside from frying, and is soft on the inside. The non-fried version is soft all over. It is one of the standard dishes found in the dim sum cuisine of Hong Kong and China as well as overseas Chinatown restaurants. It is also commonly eaten during Chinese New Year, since the word for radish (菜頭, "chhài-thâu") is a homophone for "good fortune" (好彩頭, "hó-chhái-thâu") in the Hokkien language. In Taiwan, turnip cake is also commonly eaten as part of a breakfast. Dim sum () is a style of Chinese cuisine (particularly Cantonese but also other varieties) prepared as small bite-sized portions of food served in small steamer baskets or on small plates. Dim sum dishes are usually served with tea, and together form a full tea brunch. Dim sum traditionally are served as fully cooked, ready-to-serve dishes. In Cantonese teahouses, carts with dim sum will be served around the restaurant for diners to order from without leaving their seats. The Cantonese tradition of having endless cups of tea and dim sum is also called Yum Cha (饮茶), which means "drink tea" in Cantonese. Water chestnut cake () is a sweet Cantonese dim sum dish made of shredded Chinese water chestnut. When served during "dim sum" the cake is usually cut into square-shaped slices and pan-fried before serving. The cake is soft, but holds its shape after the frying. Sometimes the cake is made with chopped water chestnuts embedded into each square piece with the vegetable being visible. One of the main trademark characteristics of the dish is its translucent appearance. Dim Tu Tac (Chinese: 點都得) is a Chinese dim sum restaurant in District 4 of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It is the only restaurant in Vietnam known for their Northern and Cantonese dim sums while providing other fine culinary dishes. Various review sites rated the restaurant to be one of the top 6 restaurants in Ho Chi Minh City for their dim sums and Cantonese cuisine. Taro dumpling () is a variety of dim sum served within Chinese cuisine. It is a standard dish in dim sum restaurants in Hong Kong and around the world. Among overseas Chinatowns, it is often sold as a Chinese pastry.

Which song, on The Beatles White Albums was inspired by Prudence Farrow and follows "Back in the U.S.S.R."?

"Back in the U.S.S.R." is a song by the Beatles. It is credited to the songwriting partnership Lennon–McCartney, but written by Paul McCartney. The song opens the 1968 double-disc album "The Beatles" (also known as the "White Album"), and then segues into "Dear Prudence". This is the discography of Apple Records, a record label formed by the Beatles in 1968. During its early years, the label enjoyed a fair degree of commercial success, most notably with Mary Hopkin and Badfinger, as well as discovering acts such as James Taylor and Billy Preston who would go on to greater success with other labels. However, by the mid-1970s, Apple had become little more than an outlet for the Beatles' solo recordings (although, as the solo Beatles were actually still under contract to EMI, the Apple label was, in truth, only a cosmetic addition to their releases). After EMI's contract with the Beatles ended in 1976, the Apple label was finally wound up. The label was reactivated in the 1990s with many of the original Apple albums being reissued on compact disc, and the company now oversees new Beatles releases such as the "Anthology" and "1" albums as well as the 2009 Beatles remastering programme. In 2010, Apple set about remastering and reissuing its back catalogue for a second time. "Glass Onion" is a song by the Beatles from their 1968 double-album "The Beatles" (also known as the "White Album") primarily written by John Lennon and credited to Lennon–McCartney. This is the first track on the album to feature Ringo Starr on drums. Starr briefly left the group during recording sessions for the album and was replaced on drums by Paul McCartney on both "Back in the U.S.S.R." and "Dear Prudence". Recover is a cover album released by the American hard rock band Great White in 2002. All of the tracks are covers of songs that the band gained the most influence from. The album was recorded live in studio in November 1989 as a two-track demo. The collection of covers of this album include songs already appeared in other Great White albums, such as the medley "Bitches and Other Women" on "...Twice Shy", "Down at the Doctors" on "Hooked" and "Ain't No Way to Treat a Lady" on "Let It Rock". "Dear Prudence" is a song by the English rock group the Beatles from their 1968 album "The Beatles" (also known as "the White Album"). The song was written by John Lennon, and credited to Lennon–McCartney. Written in India, it was inspired by Prudence Farrow, a sister of actress Mia Farrow, who became obsessive about meditating while practising with Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. Happy People/U Saved Me is the sixth studio album and the second double album by R&B singer R. Kelly, where he mixed feel-good danceable soul records ("Happy People") with gospel anthems ("U Saved Me"). Released in 2004, it peaked at No. 2 on the pop albums chart and went on to be certified three times Platinum. This is R. Kelly's 2nd double album in 6 years. The album contained the hit single "Happy People" (US No. 19, UK No. 6), and the minor hit "U Saved Me" (US No. 52, UK No. 6). On "Red Carpet (Pause, Flash)," Kelly sampled the song "Step in the Name of Love" on his previous album which was released in 2003. Rock 'n' Roll Music is a compilation album by The Beatles that consists of previously released Beatles tracks. The double album was issued on 7 June 1976 in the United States, on Capitol Records (catalogue number SKBO 11537), and on Parlophone (PCSP 719) in the United Kingdom, four days later. The album is a combination of some notable Lennon–McCartney originals, such as "Drive My Car", "Revolution", "Back in the U.S.S.R." and "Get Back", George Harrison's "Taxman", and a dozen cover versions of songs written by significant rock and roll composers of the 1950s, including Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Carl Perkins and Larry Williams. "Rock 'n' Roll Music" was the first Beatles album to include "I'm Down", which had previously only been available as the B-side of the "Help! " single. The discography of Japanese-American R&B and pop singer Utada Hikaru consists of eight studio albums, three compilation albums, eleven video albums and numerous singles and promotional singles. Utada began as a musician in the early 1990s as a member of U , a family unit made up of her, her mother Junko Utada, also known as 1970s enka singer Keiko Fuji, and her father, musical producer Teruzane Utada. U released their debut album "Star" in 1993, with the hope to debut in America. In 1996, the group was rebranded as Cubic U, an R&B project focusing on Hikaru Utada, resulting in the English language album "Precious" in 1998 with record label Toshiba EMI. "Mother Nature's Son" is a song written primarily by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon–McCartney) and released by the Beatles on "The Beatles" ("the White Album"). It was inspired by a lecture given by the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi while the Beatles were in India. The same lecture inspired Lennon's unreleased song "Child of Nature", the tune of which he later re-used for "Jealous Guy". Prudence Anne Villiers Farrow Bruns (born January 20, 1948) is an American author, meditation teacher, and film producer. She is the daughter of film director John Farrow and actress Maureen O'Sullivan, and the younger sister of actress Mia Farrow. She is the subject of the Beatles song "Dear Prudence".

What album from Paul McCartney did the song Maybe I'm Amazed appear in?

"Girlfriend" is a song written by Paul McCartney. McCartney thought of the song as one that Michael Jackson might like to record, and mentioned this to Jackson at a party in Hollywood. Jackson had stated in interviews with the music press in the 1970s that he was a fan of The Beatles and the chance to record a McCartney original helped to inspire his next project. However, McCartney ended up recording it himself with his band Wings, and it was issued in 1978 on the album "London Town". Subsequently, it was suggested by Quincy Jones as a possible track for Jackson to record for his 1979 album "Off the Wall". Jones was unaware that the song had been written for Jackson in the first place. Jackson's recording omitted the middle eight heard in McCartney's version. It was issued exclusively in the UK in 1980, as the fifth and final single from the "Off the Wall" album. This proved to be another hit single for Jackson and one of his first recordings of a Paul McCartney song. "Just a Ride" is the second single released by Jem from her debut album "Finally Woken". The song was featured on "", along with "Maybe I'm Amazed" (a cover of the Paul McCartney song). Long Player, from 1971, was the second album by the British rock group Faces. Among the highlights are a live cover version of Paul McCartney's "Maybe I'm Amazed", the wistful "Richmond" and "Sweet Lady Mary", the rave-up "Had Me a Real Good Time" and the opening "Bad 'n' Ruin". "Maybe I'm Amazed" and "I Feel So Good" were recorded live at the Fillmore East, New York on the 11th of October 1970. "Bad to Me" is a song credited to Lennon–McCartney. In late interviews, John Lennon said that he wrote it for Billy J. Kramer with The Dakotas while on holiday in Spain. However, in a 1964 interview he said that he and Paul McCartney wrote it in the back of a van, so Paul contributed to it. Billy J. Kramer with The Dakotas released their recording of the song in 1963 and it became their first number 1 in the UK Singles Chart. Paul McCartney was present during the recording session at Abbey Road Studios. The single would be released in the US the following year, and become a top-ten hit there, reaching number 9. It became one of the first occasions a Lennon–McCartney composition made the US Top 40 recorded by an artist other than the Beatles (the first being "A World Without Love" by Peter & Gordon; another being "Goodbye" by Mary Hopkin). "Waterfalls" is a Paul McCartney ballad from his first solo album after Wings, "McCartney II". The song has a stripped-down sound, with McCartney only playing a Fender Rhodes electric piano and a synthesizer and singing, and a short solo most likely played on an acoustic guitar. It was released as a single with "Check My Machine" as its B-Side and reached chart position #9 in the UK. In the US, however, it was his first single ever to miss the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, only reaching number 106 despite being the follow-up to the number one hit "Coming Up". In 2013, "Rolling Stone" rated it the #25 all-time Paul McCartney post-Beatles song, describing how it contrasted with Wings' prior single. McCartney is the debut studio album by English musician Paul McCartney. It was issued on Apple Records in April 1970 after McCartney had resisted attempts by his fellow Beatles to have the release delayed to allow for Apple's previously scheduled titles, notably the band's "Let It Be" album. McCartney recorded this solo album during a period of depression and confusion, following John Lennon's private announcement on September 20, 1969 that he was leaving the Beatles, and the conflict over its release further estranged McCartney from his bandmates. A press release in the form of a self-interview, supplied with UK promotional copies of "McCartney", led to the announcement of the group's break-up on 10 April 1970. "Cut Me Some Slack" is a song by Paul McCartney, Dave Grohl, Krist Novoselic and Pat Smear from Grohl's film "Sound City" and its . The song was first performed at the by the four, and was released on December 14, 2012, through YouTube. The song was a jam featuring McCartney and the surviving members of Nirvana, and it was described by McCartney as a "Nirvana reunion". The four also performed the song, along with a number of Beatles songs, at a Paul McCartney concert in Seattle (Nirvana's home town) on June 19, 2013. "She's My Baby" is a song credited to Paul and Linda McCartney that was first released by Wings on their 1976 album "Wings at the Speed of Sound". It is a love song sung by Paul directed at Linda. Critical opinion of the song has ranged from a description as Paul McCartney's "sweetest, daftest love song" to a suggestion that it deserves an "honor for sheer awfulness." In 1998, after Linda's death, Paul McCartney rearranged the song for string quartet to be played at memorial concerts for his late wife. This version was included on the 1999 album "Working Classical". "Maybe I'm Amazed" is a song written by Paul McCartney that was first released on his 1970 album "McCartney". McCartney dedicated the song to his wife, Linda, who had helped him get through the break-up of the Beatles. Paul McCartney: Music & Animation is an animated anthology film compiling three animated short films produced by Paul McCartney. It was released by Miramax Films on DVD. The film includes "Rupert & the Frog Song", "Tuesday" and "Tropic Island Hum". Paul McCartney wrote or composed music for each short.

What 1999 animated film, was created by one of Hollywood's "Bix Six" film studios, and based on a title character who's wife is named Jane?

Walt Disney Pictures, Inc. is an American film production company and a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, owned by The Walt Disney Company. The division is based at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, and is the main producer of live-action feature films within the Walt Disney Studios unit. It took on its current name in 1983. Today, in conjunction with the other units of Walt Disney Studios, Walt Disney Pictures is classified as one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Films produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and Pixar Animation Studios are also released under this brand. Secret of Cerulean Sand (パタパタ飛行船の冒険 , Patapata Hikōsen no Bōken ) is a 26-episode anime television series. The main character is a 15-year-old English girl named Jane Buxton, who dreams of building a flying machine. The series documents her journey through the Near East to find her brother. It is set in the late 19th century where impossible technologies such as landships and "floating liquid" exist side by side in a steampunk world. Doug's 1st Movie is a 1999 animated film based on the Disney version of the Nickelodeon television series "Doug". The film was directed by Maurice Joyce, and stars the regular television cast of Tom McHugh, Fred Newman, Chris Phillips, Constance Shulman, Frank Welker, Alice Playten, and Guy Hadley. It was produced by Jumbo Pictures and Buena Vista, and released by Walt Disney Pictures on March 26, 1999. In theaters, the Disney short "Opera Box" from the television series "Mickey Mouse Works" was featured before the film; the short featured Donald and Daisy Duck. Despite the title and its success at the box office, no further movies based on "Doug" were made. Babar: King of the Elephants is a 1999 animated film made by Nelvana Limited, Homemade Films, and TMO-Loonland and released in theaters in Canada and the U.S. by Alliance Communications and later on home video by HBO Home Video. Based on Jean de Brunhoff's book series, it is the second "Babar" film, following "". The Goose Woman is a 1925 silent film drama directed by Clarence Brown and starring Louise Dresser with Jack Pickford as her son. The film was released by Universal Pictures. The Rex Beach short story is based in part on the then already sensational Hall-Mills murder case in which a woman named Jane Gibson is described as a pig woman because of the pigs she raised on her property. "Son of Man" is a song by Phil Collins for the soundtrack of Disney's "Tarzan". In the 1999 animated film, Tarzan learns how to be an ape from his childhood to adulthood, and picks up skills from several jungle animals such as a rhino, John monkeys and hippopotamuses and fighting an African rock python. It peaked at #68 on the German Media Control Charts as well as at #96 on the French Singles Chart. Tarzan & Jane is an animated comedy-adventure film produced by Walt Disney Television Animation, Toon City and Walt Disney Animation Australia released on July 23, 2002 and a direct-to-video sequel to the Disney's 1999 animated feature "Tarzan", and uses three unaired episodes of the film's corresponding television series, "The Legend of Tarzan". " Tarzan II", a followup to the original film, was released in 2005. The film is set one year after the events of the first film. The Legend of Tarzan is an American animated television series created by Walt Disney Television, based on the Tarzan character created by Edgar Rice Burroughs and also based on Tarzan (1999 film) by Walt Disney Pictures same name. The series picks up where the 1999 feature film left off, with the title character adjusting to his new role as leader of the apes following Kerchak's death, and Jane (whom he has since married) adjusting to life in the jungle. Rounding out the cast are Jane's father, Professor Archimedes Q. Porter; Tantor, the germophobic elephant; and Terk, a wisecracking female gorilla and Tarzan's old wrestling buddy. Steven Spielberg Presents Animaniacs: Wakko's Wish, usually referred to as Wakko's Wish, is a 1999 animated musical comedy film created exclusively on video. The film is based on the Warner Bros. 1993–98 animated series "Animaniacs", and serves as the series finale. It relocates all of the "Animaniacs" characters to a quasi-19th century fairy tale world and portrays their race to find the wishing star that will grant them a wish. "Strangers Like Me" is a song by the English singer Phil Collins for the soundtrack of Disney's 1999 animated film "Tarzan". The song peaked at number ten on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart.

What General Motors car model name used by Buick for a line of upscale performance cars from 1936 to 1942 and 1954 to 1958, and from 1973 to 2005 for a mid-size car, can be described as a scraper?

A brougham was a car body style based on the earlier brougham carriage. Similar in style to the later town car, the brougham style was used on chauffeur-driven petrol and electric cars. Electric broughams in the United States later evolved, becoming owner-driven cars without the outside seat for the chauffeur, but they kept the "brougham" name. By World War II the original meaning of the term "brougham" had been largely forgotten, with American manufacturers using the term to denote a more luxurious trim level on a fully enclosed car. General Motors has since used the term as a model name several times, while manufacturers in the United States have often used the term as a trim package designation. The Ranger was a General Motors car brand which lasted from 1968 to 1978. Used in three main markets, the original automobile was marketed as "South Africa's Own Car" and was built in Port Elizabeth, South Africa, from 1968 to 1973. The European model range was sold in two main markets, Belgium and Switzerland. It was produced by General Motors Continental SA from 1970 to 1978 in Antwerp, Belgium. General Motors Suisse SA in Biel-Bienne, Switzerland, also produced Rangers from 1970 until that factory's closure in August 1975. A few Rangers were also sold in the Netherlands, perhaps to overcome some lingering resistance to German brands. The Chevrolet Opala was a Brazilian mid-size car sold under the Chevrolet brand in South America from 1969 to 1992, by General Motors do Brasil. It was derived from the German Opel Rekord Series C, Opel Commodore Series A, but used USA-sourced engines and Holden styling. Two four-cylinder engines: the Chevrolet 153ci 4-cylinder from Chevy II/Nova, which later got a new crankshaft stroke and cylinder bore, changing its size to 151ci (usually mistaken for the Pontiac Iron Duke engine), and the six-cylinder 250 from the contemporary line of North American car/light truck production. GM manufactured about one million units including the Opala sedan, Opala Coupé, and the station wagon variant, the Opala Caravan. It was replaced by the Chevrolet Omega in 1992, also an Opel spinoff. It was the first passenger car built by GM in Brazil by the General Motors do Brasil division. A luxury version of the Opala was marketed as the Chevrolet Diplomata. The Buick LeSabre is a full-size car made by General Motors from 1959-2005. Prior to 1959, this position had been retained by the full-size Buick Special model (1936–58); in 1959 the LeSabre replaced the Special, a nameplate that was reintroduced in 1961 for Buick's line of compact cars. The name originated with the 1951 GM Le Sabre show car designed by Harley Earl; that car is often mistakenly attributed to the Buick division, but in fact it was presented as a GM vehicle without reference to a specific GM division. Buick closely related their 1956-1957 models to the GM LeSabre by replicating the top section of the rear wing into their design. . The word "LeSabre" is French for sabre. The Grand Prix was a line of automobiles produced by the Pontiac Division of General Motors from 1962 through 2002. First introduced as part of Pontiac's full-size car model offering for the 1962 model year, the marque varied repeatedly in size, luxury, and performance during its lifespan. Among the changes were positioning in the personal luxury car market segment and mid-size car offering from the 2nd generation to the 5th generation for the sedan and from the 2nd generation to the 6th generation from the coupe; it returned to a full-size car from the 6th generation to the 7th generation for the sedan, positioned below the larger Bonneville in Pontiac's model lineup. Buick Century is the model name used by Buick for a line of upscale performance cars from 1936 to 1942 and 1954 to 1958, and from 1973 to 2005 for a mid-size car. Chevrolet ( ), colloquially referred to as Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors Company, is an American automobile division of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM). Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C. Durant started the company on November 3, 1911 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Company. Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the GM presidency. After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred Sloan, with his maxim "a car for every purse and purpose," would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with Henry Ford's Model T in 1919 and overtaking Ford as the best-selling car in the United States by 1929. A scraper is an informal term to describe a modified American-made luxury/family car, usually a General Motors model from the 1980s to current vehicles, typically enhanced with after-market rims. Scrapers are popular in the San Francisco Bay Area of Northern California, usually associated with the hyphy music and lifestyle movement. An example of hyphy is shown in the E-40 lyrics "sittin' in my scraper watching Oakland gone wild". A scraper is a general description and can refer to a number of different model cars. Popular models include the Buick Regal and LeSabre, Pontiac Bonneville, Buick Century, Oldsmobile Delta 88, Buick Riviera, Buick Reatta, Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera, Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme, Pontiac Grand Prix, Lexus SC, Chevrolet Caprice Classic, and Chevrolet Impalas, as well as full size conversion vans such as the GMC Vandura. Supercharged automobiles are particularly sought after due to their high performance. Sunmobile was a model of a solar-powered automobile. William G. Cobb of the General Motors Corporation built and demonstrated his 15-inch long model at the 1955 General Motors car show in Chicago on August 31, 1955. The automobile was a futuristic miniature representation to show the possibilities of solar energy. Since it was a miniature model, it could not be driven by a person. Buick ( ), formally the Buick Motor Division, is an upscale automobile brand of the American manufacturer General Motors (GM). It has the distinction of being the oldest active American marque of automobile, and was the company that established General Motors in 1908. Before the establishment of General Motors, GM founder William C. Durant had served as Buick's general manager and major investor. Buick also has the distinction of being the first automobile maker in the world to equip its cars with overhead valve engines, which it did starting in 1904.

Which is a real documentary, The River or Gente di Roma?

The River is a 1938 short documentary film which shows the importance of the Mississippi River to the United States, and how farming and timber practices had caused topsoil to be swept down the river and into the Gulf of Mexico, leading to catastrophic floods and impoverishing farmers. It ends by briefly describing how the Tennessee Valley Authority project was beginning to reverse these problems. Gente di Roma is a 2003 Italian comedy mockumentary film directed by Ettore Scola. It is close to Federico Fellini's "Roma". Campagnano di Roma is a "comune" (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Latium, located about 30 km northwest of Rome. It was first mentioned in 1076, having been carved out of the great estate assembled on the Roman pattern by Pope Adrian I, ca. 780, his "Domusculta Capracorum". In medieval times, Campagnano di Roma was on the "via Francigena". Here, Sigeric, Archbishop of Canterbury, sojourned on his return journey from Rome about 990. Banco di Roma was an Italian bank based in Rome, Lazio region. Along with Credito Italiano and Banca Commerciale Italiana they were considered as bank of national interests. In 1991 the bank was merged with Banco di Santo Spirito and Cassa di Risparmio di Roma to form Banca di Roma, a predecessor of Capitalia (which was acquired by UniCredit in 2007). The Museo di Roma in Trastevere was established in 1977 in the restored Carmelite convent of Sant'Egidio. It was initially known as the Museo del Folklore e dei Poeti Romaneschi ("museum of folklore and Roman dialect poets"). Following a period of closure it was reopened under its present name in 2000. In addition to a permanent collection related to the recent culture of Rome the museum also houses temporary exhibitions, including the annual World Press Photo exhibition. It is part of the Museo di Roma. The Museo di Roma is a museum in Rome, Italy, part of the network of Roman civic museums. The museum was founded in the Fascist era with the aim of documenting the local history and traditions of the "old Rome" that was rapidly disappearing, but following many donations and acquisitions of works of art is now principally an art museum. The collections initially included 120 water-colours by the nineteenth-century painter Ettore Roesler Franz of "Roma sparita", "vanished Rome", later moved to the Museo di Roma in Trastevere. Cervara di Roma is a "comune" (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Rome in the Italian region Latium, located about 50 km east of Rome. Cervara di Roma borders the following municipalities: Agosta, Arsoli, Camerata Nuova, Marano Equo, Rocca di Botte, Subiaco. The Rome Grand Prix (Italian: "Gran Premio di Roma" ), also known as the "Premio Reale di Roma" (1925–1932) and "Gran Premio di Roma" (1947–1991), was an automobile race held in Rome, Italy from 1925 until 1991. The Sapienza University of Rome, (Italian: Sapienza – Università di Roma), also called simply Sapienza or the "University of Rome", is a collegiate research university located in Rome, Italy. Formally known as Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", it is the largest European university by enrollments (the third if considering also the distance learning schools) and one of the oldest in history, founded in 1303. Fondazione Roma formerly Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Roma is a charity organization based in Rome, Italy. The organization was re-founded as a banking foundation in 1991, by spin-off its banking activities (Cassa di Risparmio di Roma) to merge with other Roman banks to form Banca di Roma S.p.A. (the predecessor of Capitalia). The foundation remained as a shareholder of UniCredit, the banking group that acquired Capitalia in mid-2007. As at 31 December 2006, the foundation was the second largest shareholder of Capitalia for 5.02% stake.

Russell Springs, Kentucky is the gateway to the reservoir that has a shoreline of what distance?

Lake Cumberland is a reservoir in Clinton, Laurel, McCreary, Pulaski, Russell, and Wayne counties in Kentucky. The primary reasons for its construction were a means for flood control and the production of hydroelectric power. Its shoreline measures 1,255 miles (2,020 km) and the lake covers 65,530 acre at the maximum power pool elevation. The reservoir ranks 9th in the U.S. in size, with a capacity of 6100000 acre.ft of water, enough to cover the entire Commonwealth of Kentucky with 3 inches (76 mm) of water. The main lake is 101 mi long and over one mile (1.6 km) across at its widest point. WJRS (104.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Country music format that is licensed to Jamestown, Kentucky, and serving the Jamestown/Russell Springs area in Russell County, Kentucky. The station is currently owned by Lake Cumberland Broadcasters, LLC, which also owns WJKY. The two stations share broadcast facilities and transmitting tower at 2804 South US 127 on the south side of Russell Springs. WHVE (92.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting an Adult Contemporary format. Licensed to Russell Springs, Kentucky, USA, the station is currently owned by Shoreline Communications, Inc. WIDS (570 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Gospel Music format. Licensed to Russell Springs, Kentucky, USA. The station is currently owned by Hammond Broadcasting, Inc. Russell Springs is a home rule-class city in Russell County, Kentucky, in the United States. The city is the gateway to Lake Cumberland, one of the largest man-made lakes in the region, created by Wolf Creek Dam. It is the largest city in the county, having a population of 2,399 during the year 2000 U.S. Census. Kentucky Route 379 (KY 379) is a 27.483 mi state highway in Kentucky that runs from Kentucky Route 1880 in rural Cumberland County northwest of Albany to U.S. Route 127 in northeastern Russell Springs via Russell Springs. KY 379 is split into two segments by the Cumberland River, with neither a ferry nor a bridge at the crossing. The southern segment ends just west of a boat ramp on the river, while the northern segment begins at Kentucky Route 771 just east of the river. Kentucky Route 430 (KY 430) is a 1.690 mi state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The highway travels through the central part of Russell Springs. WJKY (1060 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Sports radio format. It is licensed to Jamestown, Kentucky, USA, and serving the Russell County, Kentucky area, including Jamestown and Russell Springs. The station is owned by Lake Cumberland Broadcasters and is affiliated with ESPN Radio. Lake Martin is located in Tallapoosa, Elmore and Coosa counties in Alabama. It is a 44,000-acre (178 km²) reservoir with over 750 miles (1,200 km) of wooded shoreline. Lake Martin is a reservoir, formed by the construction of Martin Dam on the Tallapoosa River. The Martin Dam powerhouse is used to generate hydroelectric power for the Alabama Power Company. Construction on Martin Dam began in 1923 and was completed in 1926, creating what was at that time the largest man-made body of water in the world. Originally known as Cherokee Bluffs for the geological formation upon which it was built, the dam was renamed in 1936 in honor of Thomas Martin, the then-president of Alabama Power Company. Alabama Power and Russell Lands own the majority of the shoreline. Red Bluff Reservoir is a reservoir on the Pecos River 40 miles (64 km) north of Pecos, Texas. The reservoir extends into Loving and Reeves Counties in Texas, and Eddy County in New Mexico. The northern shoreline of the reservoir is the lowest point in the state of New Mexico. The reservoir was formed in 1936 by the construction of a dam by the Red Bluff Water Control District to provide water for irrigation and hydroelectric power. The reservoir is also used for recreational activities.

Are Robinsons and Pocari Sweat from the same country?

The Pocari Sweat Open was a golf tournament on the Japan Golf Tour from at least 1984 to 1994. It was played in April at the Hakuryuko Country Club in Mihara, Hiroshima. Robinsons is an English fruit drink brand owned by Britvic. Robinsons has a royal warrant from Queen Elizabeth II and was an independent company until 1995 when it was acquired by Britvic. The Robinsons range includes Fruit Shoot, Fruit Squash, No Added Sugar Fruit Squash, Fruit & Barley, Barley Water, Select and Squash'd; the range formerly also included Fruit Spring. For the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II, Strawberry and Cream was added to the range. The Pocari Sweat Lady Warriors are a professional women's volleyball team playing in the Premier Volleyball League. The team is owned by Federated Distributors, Inc., exclusive distributors of Pocari Sweat in the Philippines. Music Hour (ミュージック・アワー) is the third single by the Japanese pop-rock band Porno Graffitti. It was released on July 12, 2000. Otsuka Pharmaceutical "Pocari Sweat" CM song. Naruto Otsuka Sports Park Pocari Sweat Stadium (Japanese: 鳴門・大塚スポーツパークポカリスエットスタジアム ), or Pocarisweat Stadium in short, is a multi-purpose stadium in Naruto, Tokushima, Japan. The stadium is named after Pocari Sweat. Kanjana Kuthaisong (Thai: กาญจนา กุไธสง , born April 14,1997) is a female Thai professional volleyball player. She played in the recent Shakey's V-League, a tournament in the Philippines where she is with Alyssa Valdez and Natthanicha Jaisaen in the team Bureau of Customs where they won the 1st runner-up spot against the Pocari Sweat Team. She is now in the Thai team 3BB Nakornnont, wearing jersey #16 as an outside spiker. Fille Saint Merced Nombres Cainglet-Cayetano (born January 30, 1990) is a Filipina volleyball player of the Pocari Sweat Lady Warriors in the Premier Volleyball League (PVL). Fille also played for the Petron Blaze Spikers in the Philippine Super Liga (PSL) from 2013-2016. Pocari Sweat (ポカリスエット , Pokari Suetto ) is a Japanese sports drink, manufactured by Otsuka Pharmaceutical It was launched in 1980, and is now also available in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East. "Gekidou/Just Break the Limit!" (激動/Just Break the Limit!) is the tenth single by Japanese band Uverworld and was released on 11 June 2008 in CD and CD+DVD format. This is the band's first double-A single. "Gekidou" was used as the fourth opening theme for the anime "D.Gray-man" and "Just break the limit!" was used in a commercial for Pocari Sweat. Jo Hyun-jae (born May 9, 1980) is a South Korean actor. Jo made his entertainment debut as a singer in the four-member boy band Guardian, which disbanded after releasing their self-titled album in 1998. In 2000, after he drew popularity when he appeared in a commercial for sports drink Pocari Sweat, Jo began acting. He is best known for his leading roles in "Love Letter" (2003), "Only You" (2005), "Ballad of Seodong" (2005), and "49 Days" (2011).

Japanese artist Cornelius has been described as the modern-day equivalent of which legendary American singer, songwriter and producer?

A Chewbacca defense is the name in the United States given to a legal strategy in which the aim of the argument seems to be to deliberately confuse the jury rather than to factually refute the case of the other side. This term was used in an episode of the animated series "South Park", "Chef Aid", which premiered on October 7, 1998. This episode satirized attorney Johnnie Cochran's closing argument defending O. J. Simpson in his murder trial. The term has since been commonly used in describing legal cases, especially criminal ones. The concept of disguising a flaw in one's argument by presenting large amounts of irrelevant information has previously been described as the modern-day equivalent of a "red herring" or the fallacy "ignoratio elenchi" (irrelevant conclusion). Mika Seeger is an American ceramic artist. Although not primarily a musical artist, she did record a definitive version of "Great Green Gobs of Greasy, Grimy Gopher Guts". She is the daughter of Pete Seeger, a legendary American folk musician, and filmmaker Toshi Seeger. The First Question Award (ザ・ファースト・クエスチョン・アワード) is the debut solo album by the Japanese recording artist Cornelius. It was released in 1994 and charted at number four on the Japanese "Oricon" album chart. "The First Question Award" includes the singles "The Sun Is My Enemy", "Perfect Rainbow", "(You Can't Always Get) What You Want" and "Moon Light Story". 69/96 is the second solo album by the Japanese recording artist Cornelius. It was released in 1995 and charted at number three on the Japanese "Oricon" album chart. "Moon Walk" was the only single released from the album. A remix album, titled "96/69" was released the following year. Bessie is an HBO TV film about legendary American blues singer Bessie Smith, and focuses on her transformation as a struggling young singer into "The Empress of the Blues". The film is directed by Dee Rees, with a screenplay by Rees, Christopher Cleveland and Bettina Gilois. Queen Latifah stars as Smith, and supporting roles are played by Michael Kenneth Williams as Smith's first husband Jack Gee, and Mo'Nique as Ma Rainey. The film premiered on May 16, 2015. Brian Douglas Wilson (born June 20, 1942) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer best known for being the multi-tasking leader and co-founder of the rock band the Beach Boys. After signing with Capitol Records in 1962, Wilson wrote or co-wrote more than two dozen Top 40 hits for the group. He is the first pop artist credited for writing, arranging, producing, and performing his own material. Because of his unorthodox approaches to song composition and arrangement and mastery of recording techniques, he is widely acknowledged, by critics and musicians alike, as one of the most innovative and influential creative forces in popular music. 96/69 is the first remix album by the Japanese recording artist Cornelius. It was released in 1996 and charted at number six on the Japanese "Oricon" album chart. The remix album is a companion to Cornelius' second studio album "69/96"; released the previous year. Fantasma is the third studio album by the Japanese recording artist Cornelius. It was released in 1997 and charted at number six on the Japanese "Oricon" album chart. "Fantasma" includes the singles "Star Fruits Surf Rider", "Free Fall" and "Chapter 8" (co-written by Robert Schneider and Hilarie Sidney of The Apples in Stereo). The latter two singles were released in the UK only. Holidays in the Sun EP is the second solo release by the Japanese recording artist Cornelius. It was released in 1994 and charted at number thirteen on the Japanese "Oricon" album chart. It was released in tandem with Cornelius's début single "The Sun Is My Enemy". Keigo Oyamada (小山田 圭吾 , Oyamada Keigo , born January 27, 1969) , also known by his moniker Cornelius (CORNELIUS（コーネリアス） , Kōneriasu ) , is a Japanese recording artist and producer who co-founded Flipper's Guitar, an influential Shibuya-kei band, and subsequently embarked on a solo career. In 1997, he released the album "Fantasma", which landed him praise from American music critics, who called him a "modern-day Brian Wilson" or the "Japanese Beck".

What year was the Spanish singer, who released the album "Utopía," born?

Spanish singer Enrique Iglesias has released ten studio albums, five compilation albums, forty-six singles, and forty-one music videos. Iglesias started his career in 1995 with his first Spanish album and self-titled album "Enrique Iglesias", which produced five number-ones on the Hot Latin Tracks chart and won a Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Album in 1997. In 1999, he released his first English album "Enrique", which included the song "Bailamos" from the film "Wild Wild West". The album produced two number-one "Billboard" Hot 100 tracks. In 2001, Enrique released "Escape" which has sold over 12 million copies worldwide. "Say Yay!" is a song performed by Spanish singer Barei and written by herself, Rubén Villanueva and Víctor Púa Vivó. The song represented Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 held in Stockholm, Sweden. It is the first ever Spanish Eurovision entry that features no Spanish lyrics. The song was released as a digital download on 25 January 2016 through Gran Sol, reaching number-one on Spanish iTunes. A new version of the song was released on 11 March 2016 via Universal Music Spain. It was included in the re-issue of Barei's 2015 album "Throw the Dice". Belinda Peregrín Schüll (born August 15, 1989), known mononymously as Belinda, is a Spanish singer and actress Mexican naturalized . Mi Mundo (Spanish for "My World") is the second album by Spanish singer Marta Sánchez. It was released in 1995 and produced once again by Christian De Walden. In this album the artist has a little more input, since she did the package design and compose one track (Enamorada Sin Querer). The first single Dime La Verdad was another smash hit for the artist, peaking at #1 in Mexico and Spain and #9 in the Latin charts in the United States. The video for this single was directed by Juan Luis Arruga and had a heavy rotation on MTV. The second single Arena Y Sol was also a #1 hit, with a video directed by Luis del Amo. "Mi Mundo" was included on the Best Albums of 1995 list by Mexican magazine Eres. Vive Cada Día, La Belleza and Que Harass Tu Cuando Mueras were also released as singles. Tu También is a song about AIDS and was dedicated to all the friends of the artist that died of the disease. "My World" was the English version of this album. Canta A Juan Gabriel Volumen 6 (also released as Amor Eterno in Mexico and Jardín de Rosas in Spain) is an album by Spanish singer and actress Rocío Dúrcal, which was released in 1984. The songs in the album were written by Mexican singer/songwriter Juan Gabriel who also appeared on the album. "Déjame Vivir" is one of her biggest hits and the video was a huge hit as well with special guest Juan Gabriel. The album is the sixth best-selling album of all time in Mexico with 5.5 million sales, but it is the highest selling album by a female artist. The album was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Mexican-American Performance. The album inducted into the Latin Grammy Hall of Fame in 2013. Alba Gárate (born December 18, 1980), better known by her stage name, Lantalba, is a Spanish singer, songwriter, musician, producer and actress, previously known as Lantana. She was born in Barcelona and raised in Fuengirola, Málaga. She moved to Madrid when she was 19 years old to study acting and pursue her musical career. She was signed with EMI/Virgin by 2006 and Rubie Music in 2010. She was nominated to several important Spanish awards, including The 21st Goya Awards, MTV Spain Awards, Televisión Española Awards Album of the Year and The Spanish Music Awards. She currently lives in Berlin, Germany. "Alguien Más" (English: "Someone Else" ) is the fourth single from Belinda's second studio album "Utopía". Azabache (Spanish: "jet (lignite)") is the third studio album by Spanish singer Marta Sánchez. Was released in 1997. On this album more producers were involved (Andres Levin, Nile Rodgers, Camus Celli, Robyn Smith and Stephen Budd) along with longtime musical partner Christian De Walden and they created a rock oriented album, instead of the pop music Marta recorded for her first and second album. Critical reaction was mostly positive. The first single "Moja Mi Corazón", features guitar player Slash and was produced by Nile Rodgers. The album yielded five singles: "Negro Azabache", "Algo Tienes", "Ya Ves" and "Amor Perdido". While promoting this album, Marta recorded along with opera singer Andrea Bocelli the song "Vivo por Ella", which became a worldwide smash hit and was later included on the international pressings of "Azabache". The majority of the tracks were recorded in English (as usual for any Marta Sanchez album) and were released under the title "One Step Closer". Beatriz Luengo González (born 23 December 1982) is a Spanish singer, songwriter, actress, dancer, and entrepreneur. She gained international recognition by portraying Lola Fernández in the Antena 3 series "One Step Forward" (Spanish: "Un paso adelante") and its spin–off musical group UPA Dance. Consisting of Luengo, Pablo Puyol, Miguel Ángel Muñoz, Mónica Cruz and Silvia Marty, UPA Dance released one studio album, "UPA Dance", which reached number one at the Spanish Albums Chart and sold over 1.1 million units in Spain and France. The discography of Alexandre Pires, a Brazilian singer-songwriter, consists of eleven studio albums, two live albums, three compilations and other album appearances. In 2001, Pires released his first solo album to much success. He has continued to release albums both in Portuguese and in Spanish achieving several hits in Latin charts. In 2007, he released a tribute album to Spanish singer Julio Iglesias. Also in 2007 he met and had a duet on the song titled "Junto A Ti" with Kika Edgar from the telenovela Bajo las Riendas del Amor.

What other role did George H. W. Bush have besides Director of Policy Planning in the State Department?

The Policy Planning Staff (sometimes referred to as the Policy Planning Council, the Office of Policy Planning or by its in-house acronym S/P) is the principal strategic arm of the United States Department of State. It was created in 1947 by renowned Foreign Service Officer George F. Kennan at the request of Secretary of State George Marshall to serve "as a source of independent policy analysis and advice for the Secretary of State." Its first assignment was to design the Marshall Plan. The Director of Policy Planning is the United States Department of State official in charge of the Department's internal think tank, the Policy Planning Staff. In the Department, the Director of Policy Planning has a rank equivalent to Assistant Secretary. The position has traditionally been held by many members of the U.S. foreign policy establishment. Former Directors of Policy Planning include two National Security Advisors, a President of the World Bank, and several presidents of the prestigious Council on Foreign Relations. Dennis B. Ross (born November 26, 1948) is an American diplomat and author. He has served as the Director of Policy Planning in the State Department under President George H. W. Bush, the special Middle East coordinator under President Bill Clinton, and was a special adviser for the Persian Gulf and Southwest Asia (which includes Iran) to the former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) is an American politician who was the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 and the 43rd Vice President of the United States from 1981 to 1989. A member of the Republican Party, he was previously a congressman, ambassador, and Director of Central Intelligence. He is the oldest living former President and Vice President. Previously known as simply "George Bush", since 2001, Bush has often been referred to as "George H. W. Bush", "Bush 41", "Bush the Elder", or "George Bush Senior" to distinguish him from his eldest son, George W. Bush, the 43rd President of the United States. Jared Cohen (born November 24, 1981) is the President of Jigsaw (previously Google Ideas) and an Adjunct Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. Previously, he served as a member of the Secretary of State's Policy Planning Staff and as an advisor to Condoleezza Rice and later Hillary Clinton. Initially brought in by Condoleezza Rice as a member of the Policy Planning Staff, he was one of a few staffers that stayed under Hillary Clinton later referenced in an article entitled "Tweeting While Tehran Burns". In this capacity, he focused on counter-terrorism, counter-radicalization, Middle East/South Asia, Internet freedom, and fostering opposition in repressive countries. According to "The New York Times Magazine", right before his departure Cohen was one of the participating architects of what was labeled in 2010 as "21st century statecraft" along with Richard Boly and several foreign service officers in the Department of State's Office of eDiplomacy In 2013, Cohen was named by Time Magazine as one of its 100 most influential people. Anne-Marie Slaughter (born September 27, 1958) is an international lawyer, foreign policy analyst, political scientist and public commentator. She received a B.A. from Princeton University in 1980, an M.Phil from Oxford University in 1982, a Harvard Law School, J.D. in 1985, and a D.Phil in International Relations from Oxford in 1992. Most notably she is a member of the International Law Association, American Society of International Law, American Bar Association, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and World Peace Foundation. During her academic career, she has taught at Princeton University, the University of Chicago, and Harvard University. From 2002 to 2009, she was the Dean of Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs and the Bert G. Kerstetter '66 University Professor of Politics and International Affairs. She was subsequently the first woman to serve as the Director of Policy Planning for the U.S. State Department from January 2009 until February 2011 under U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. She is a former president of the American Society of International Law and the current President and CEO of New America. She married Princeton professor Andrew Moravcsik; they live in Princeton with their two sons. Richard Nathan Haass (born July 28, 1951) is an American diplomat. He has been president of the Council on Foreign Relations since July 2003, prior to which he was Director of Policy Planning for the United States Department of State and a close advisor to Secretary of State Colin Powell. The Senate approved Haass as a candidate for the position of ambassador and he has been U.S. Coordinator for the Future of Afghanistan. He succeeded George J. Mitchell as the United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland to help the peace process in Northern Ireland, for which he received the State Department's Distinguished Service Award. At the end of 2003, Mitchell Reiss succeeded him as special envoy. In late 2013, Haass returned to Northern Ireland to chair inter-party talks aimed at addressing some of the unresolved issues from the peace process such as parades, flags and "the past". Winston Lord (born August 14, 1937) is a United States diplomat and leader of non-governmental foreign policy organizations. He served as Special Assistant to the National Security Advisor (1970-1973), Director of the State Department Policy Planning Staff (1973-1977), President of the Council on Foreign Relations (1977-1985), Ambassador to China (1985–1989) and Assistant Secretary of State (1993–1997). Angela Stent is a foreign policy expert specialising in US and European relations with Russia and Russian foreign policy. She is Professor of Government at Georgetown University and director of its Center for Eurasian, Russian, and East European Studies. She is also a non-resident senior fellow at the Brookings Institution. She has served in the Office of Policy Planning in the US State Department and as National Intelligence Officer for Russia and Eurasia. The Missing Peace: The Inside Story of the Fight for Middle East Peace (ISBN ) is a 2004 non-fiction book by Dennis Ross on the history of and his participation in the Israeli–Palestinian peace process and the Arab–Israeli peace process. Ross, an American diplomat, was the Director of Policy Planning in the State Department under President George H. W. Bush and the special Middle East coordinator under President Bill Clinton.

What day did Led Zeppelin release their album that contained The Crunge?

Houses of the Holy is the fifth studio album by the English rock band Led Zeppelin, released on 28 March 1973 by Atlantic Records. It is their first album composed of entirely original material and it represents a turning point in musical direction for the band, who had begun to record songs with more layering and production techniques. Led Zeppelin Boxed Set 2 is a double album released by Atlantic Records on 21 September 1993. This box set features the rest of the English rock band Led Zeppelin's catalogue not included in the 1990 4-CD box set "Led Zeppelin", all digitally remastered, including the previously unreleased studio track "Baby Come On Home". A 54-page booklet was also included with the release. Between this box set and the 4-CD box set every track from the band's nine studio albums are featured along with two BBC live recordings; the band's only non-LP b-side; and one studio outtake. Led Zeppelin II is the eponymous second studio album by the English rock band Led Zeppelin, released on 22 October 1969 in the United States and on 31 October 1969 in the United Kingdom by Atlantic Records. Recording sessions for the album took place at several locations in both the United Kingdom and North America from January to August 1969. The album's production was credited to the band's lead guitarist and songwriter Jimmy Page, and it also served as Led Zeppelin's first album to utilise the recording techniques of the engineer Eddie Kramer. Incorporating several elements of blues and folk music, "Led Zeppelin II" exhibited the band's evolving musical style of blues-derived material and their guitar riff-based sound. It has been described as the band's heaviest album. "No Quarter" is a song by Led Zeppelin that appears on their 1973 album "Houses of the Holy". It was written by John Paul Jones, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant. The song became a centerpiece at all Led Zeppelin concerts thereafter, until their final tour. It appears in both the film versions and both live album versions of "The Song Remains the Same" released in 1976 and expanded in 2007. It appeared once more in 1994 on Page and Plant's as the title track. It also appears on Led Zeppelin's 2012 live album "Celebration Day", which documented their 2007 reunion performance at the O2 Arena in London. It was re-released in the deluxe edition of "Houses of the Holy". Great Zeppelin: A Tribute to Led Zeppelin is a cover album released by the American hard rock band Great White in 1998, dedicated to songs of Led Zeppelin. It was recorded live in a concert that took place at The Galaxy Theatre of Santa Ana, California, USA, in December 1996 and released by the French label Axe Killer. The American edition was issued by Deadline Records in 1999. Deadline Records also issued a very rare vinyl version of the album in 1999, omitting 4 tracks due to time limitations of vinyl. Songs from this album appear on many compilations and also on re-issues of older albums as bonus tracks. The album was re-issued in 2005 by the Canadian label Legacy, with the title Great White Salutes Led Zeppelin. The entire album appears also on Great White's double-CD compilation "A Double Dose" issued by Deadline Music in 2005, along with the album of covers "Recover". Hammer of the Gods is a book written by music journalist Stephen Davis, published in 1985. It is an unauthorized biography of the English rock band Led Zeppelin. After its release it became a "New York Times" bestseller paperback, and is hyped by its publisher as being the best-known Led Zeppelin biography. It has been reprinted three times since its first publication and has been released under the alternative title Hammer of the Gods: The Led Zeppelin Saga. The title is derived from a line in "Immigrant Song", a track from the band's third album. "The Crunge" is a song by the English rock band Led Zeppelin from their 1973 album "Houses of the Holy". It was also released as the B-side of "D'yer Mak'er" in the US. Led Zeppelin is a box set compilation of songs by the English rock band Led Zeppelin, released on 7 September 1990 on Atlantic Records, digitally remastered on four compact discs, six vinyl records, or four cassette tapes. The first compilation album released by Led Zeppelin, selection and remastering of the tracks were supervised by Jimmy Page and took place in New York during early to mid-1990. A 36-page booklet was also included with the release. The discography of the English rock band Led Zeppelin consists of nine studio albums, four live albums, nine compilation albums, 16 singles and eight music downloads. Formed in London in 1968, the group consisted of guitarist Jimmy Page, singer Robert Plant, bass player John Paul Jones, and drummer John Bonham. The band pioneered the concept of album-oriented rock and often refused to release popular songs as singles. Nevertheless, four of their ten songs that reached the Hot 100 had no mention of the title in the lyrics: "Immigrant Song", "Black Dog", "Over the Hills and Far Away", "D'yer Mak'er". Their debut album, "Led Zeppelin" (1969), released by Atlantic Records, charted at number six on the UK Albums Chart and at number ten on the United States "Billboard" 200. It received several sales certifications, including an 8 times multi-platinum from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and Diamond from the Music Canada. Led Zeppelin's second studio album, "Led Zeppelin II", recorded when the band were on tour, was released a few months after the first. It reached number one in several countries, including the UK and the US, where it was certified 12 times multi-platinum. The album produced Led Zeppelin's most successful single, "Whole Lotta Love", which peaked at several music charts in the top 10. " Led Zeppelin III" (1970) was a softer, more folk-based effort compared to the hard rock of the band's previous releases. It also peaked at number one in the UK and in the US. Led Zeppelin songs have been the subject of cover versions on occasion; American band Dread Zeppelin have made a career out of covering and parodying Zeppelin tunes. However, other serious and authentic-sounding tribute bands have also emerged, striving to keep the true essence of a Led Zeppelin live show experience alive such as the Brazilian "Led Brazil" and Swan Song - A Tribute to Led Zeppelin, In the Light, and the British band Fred Zeppelin, who are based in the Black Country homeland of Plant and Bonham and have been seen by Robert Plant several times. Lez Zeppelin is also an all-female tribute act, performing the work of Led Zeppelin.

What American sports promotation company was started by the current CEO of Station Casinos?

John Edward "Jed" York (born c. 1980) is an American sports executive who is the current CEO of the San Francisco 49ers NFL franchise. York is the son of Denise DeBartolo York and John York and nephew of former San Francisco 49ers owner Edward J. DeBartolo Jr. Roger Montgomery (born 1970) is an American sports agent and former professional basketball player. He is the current CEO of Montgomery Sports Group. As a sports agent, Montgomery has represented basketball players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and international leagues. Coast Casinos Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Boyd Gaming Corporation based in Paradise, Nevada. Coast Casinos is the number 2 locals casino brand in the Las Vegas market behind Station Casinos. Sunset Station is a hotel and casino. It is owned and operated by Station Casinos on 98 acre located in Henderson, Nevada. Sunset Station is an off-strip locals casino located on Sunset Road near Interstate 515, across from the Galleria at Sunset shopping center. Red Rock Resort is a hotel and casino. It is owned and operated by Station Casinos on 70 acre located in Downtown Summerlin in the village of Summerlin Centre in Summerlin, Nevada. Located on Charleston Boulevard, at the interchange of Clark County 215 and some distance from the Las Vegas Strip, the resort is known as a locals casino. It is the flagship property of Station Casinos and the company's corporate headquarters is located on the property. Frank Joseph Fertitta III (born February 24, 1962) is an American entrepreneur. He is the current CEO of Station Casinos. He is also an owner of Zuffa LLC, which is the entity that formerly ran the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). Station Casinos is a gaming company based in the Las Vegas suburb of Summerlin, Nevada, founded by Frank Fertitta, Jr. Station Casinos, along with Affinity Gaming, Boyd Gaming, and American Casino & Entertainment Properties, dominate the locals casino market in Las Vegas. The company purchased several sites that were gaming-entitled, meaning that major casinos can be built at that location without additional approvals. There are only a limited number of such sites available in the Las Vegas area. Station has also branched out into managing casinos that they do not own. Red Rock Resorts, Inc. () is a publicly traded holding company that owns a portion of Station Casinos. Zuffa, LLC ( ) is an American sports promotion company specializing in mixed martial arts. It was founded in January 2001 in Las Vegas, Nevada, by Station Casinos executives Frank Fertitta III and Lorenzo Fertitta to be the parent entity of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) after they purchased it from the Semaphore Entertainment Group. The word "Zuffa" is an Italian word (] ), meaning "fight". On July 11, 2016, Zuffa announced that it would be purchased by WME-IMG for the price of $4 billion. Frank Joseph Fertitta Jr. (October 30, 1938 – August 21, 2009) was an American entrepreneur. He was the founder of Station Casinos, a gaming company based in Summerlin, Nevada. The company started out as a locals casino operator on July 1, 1976, opening the Bingo Palace, which was later renamed Palace Station. The company went public with an IPO in 1993 upon Fertitta's retirement. Palace Station is a hotel and casino located in Las Vegas, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Station Casinos and has 1,053 rooms. Palace Station has a large Asian customer base because of its location near Chinatown.

The 2016 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season, they were invited to the Sugar Bowl where they lost to which year's football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season, the 122nd season of Sooner football?

The 2012 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Gene Chizik, who was in his fourth season with Auburn. The Tigers played their home games at Jordan–Hare Stadium in Auburn, Alabama, and competed in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The 2011 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Gene Chizik, who was in his third season with Auburn. The Tigers played their home games at Jordan–Hare Stadium in Auburn, Alabama, and competed in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Tigers entered the 2011 season after winning the 2010 BCS National Championship. Auburn finished the year 8–5 overall and 4–4 in SEC play to place fourth in the Western Division. They were invited to the Chick-fil-A Bowl, where they defeated Virginia, 43–24. The 2016 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Tigers played their home games at Jordan–Hare Stadium in Auburn, Alabama and competed in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They were led by fourth-year head coach Gus Malzahn. They finished the season 8–5, 5–3 in SEC play to finish in a tie for second place in the Western Division. They were invited to the Sugar Bowl where they lost to Oklahoma. The 2014 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Gus Malzahn, who was in his second season as head coach at Auburn. The Tigers played their home games at Jordan–Hare Stadium in Auburn, Alabama and competed in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They finished the season 8–5, 4–4 in SEC play to finish in a tie for fourth place in the Western Division. They were invited to the Outback Bowl where they lost to Wisconsin. The 2016 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season, the 122nd season of Sooner football. The team was led by two-time Walter Camp Coach of the Year Award winner, Bob Stoops, in his 18th season as head coach. They played their home games at Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium in Norman, Oklahoma. They are a charter member of the Big 12 Conference. The 1988 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 1988 NCAA Division I-A football season. Coached by Pat Dye, the team finished the season with a 10–2 record and won its second consecutive Southeastern Conference (SEC) title, sharing it with LSU. LSU handed Auburn its only conference loss of the year 7–6, in a game referred to as the "Earthquake Game". Auburn lost to Florida State, 13–7, in the 1989 Sugar Bowl. The 1993 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 1993 NCAA Division I-A football season. Under first-year head coach Terry Bowden, the team went undefeated with a record of 11–0 and finished #4 in the AP Poll. Due to NCAA probation, Auburn was banned from TV and post-season play, and suffered reduced scholarships. The post-season ban prevented Auburn from playing the SEC Championship and a bowl game. Nonetheless, Auburn was the only major college football team to finish the season undefeated. The National Champions Foundation recognized Auburn as one of its 1993 national champions, however Auburn University only formally recognizes championships for the 1957 Auburn Tigers football team and 2010 Auburn Tigers football team seasons, although the official website for Auburn athletics does highlight the 1993 team. The 2015 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Tigers played their home games at Jordan–Hare Stadium in Auburn, Alabama and competed in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They were led by third-year head coach Gus Malzahn. They finished the season 7–6, 2–6 in SEC play to finish in last place in the Western Division. They were invited to the Birmingham Bowl where they defeated Memphis. The 2006 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University in the 2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Head coach Tommy Tuberville served his eighth season at Auburn, the third longest tenure among current SEC head coaches that year. Offensive coordinator Al Borges returned for his third season to direct the offensive and was joined by first-year defensive coordinator Will Muschamp who came from the Miami Dolphins. Auburn played its eight-game home schedule within the friendly confines of Jordan–Hare Stadium, the ninth largest on-campus stadium in the NCAA seating 87,451. The Tigers finished the season with an impressive 11–2 record, finishing second in the SEC Western Division behind the surprising Arkansas Razorbacks. With signature wins over the eventual BCS champion Florida Gators and the final-ranked #3 LSU Tigers, Auburn was the only team that could claim victories over two BCS and top five teams. However, the team also had signature losses to the unranked Arkansas Razorbacks and Georgia Bulldogs. They finished the season ranked #8 in the Coaches Poll and #9 in the AP Poll. The 2007 Auburn Tigers football team represented Auburn University during the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Head coach Tommy Tuberville returned for his ninth season at Auburn, the third longest tenure among SEC head coaches in 2007. He was joined by returning offensive coordinator Al Borges and returning defensive coordinator Will Muschamp. Auburn played its eight-game home schedule at Jordan–Hare Stadium, the ninth largest on-campus stadium in the NCAA in 2007, seating 87,451. Conference foe Vanderbilt returned to the schedule while non-conference opponents South Florida and Tennessee Tech played the Tigers for the first time. The Tigers finished the season ranked #14 in the Coaches Poll and #15 in the AP Poll.

Which musician formed the group Supertramp, Rick Davies or Anders Nyström?

Rick Davies (born Evan Rick Davies, 8 April 1952) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Sturt and South Adelaide in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) and Hawthorn in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Nicknamed the "Jumbo Prince", Davies played a total of 390 games throughout his career (317 for Sturt, 33 for South Adelaide, 20 for Hawthorn, and 20 State Games for South Australia. Though not tall for a ruckman at only 188 cm (6'1"), Davies was known for his strong marking and body strength which he used to great effect against opponents who were often taller and heavier than him. "Brother Where You Bound" is the epic length title track to Supertramp's 1985 album of the same name. Written and sung by keyboardist Rick Davies, it is the longest song Supertramp ever recorded clocking in at 16 and a half minutes (surpassing "Try Again" from their 1970 self titled debut album by more than three minutes). Richard "Rick" Davies (born 22 July 1944) is an English musician, singer and songwriter best known as the founder, vocalist and keyboardist of progressive rock band Supertramp. He is the only original member of the band who is still active with them, and has composed some of their most well-known songs, including "Goodbye Stranger", "Bloody Well Right", "My Kind of Lady", and "Cannonball". He is generally noted for his sophisticated blues and jazz-influenced progressive rock compositions and cynical lyrics. Katatonia is a Swedish metal band formed in Stockholm in 1991 by Jonas Renkse and Anders Nyström. The band started as a studio-only project for the duo, as an outlet for the band's love of death metal. Increasing popularity lead them to add more band members for live performances, though outside of the band's founders, the lineup was constantly changing, revolving door of musicians throughout the 1990s, notably including Mikael Åkerfeldt of the band Opeth for a period. After two death/doom albums, "Dance of December Souls" (1993) and "Brave Murder Day" (1996), problems with Renkse's vocal cords coupled with new musical influences lead the band away from the screamed vocals of death metal to a more traditional, melodic form of heavy metal music. The band released two more albums, "Discouraged Ones" (1998) and "Tonight's Decision" (1999), before settling into a stable quintet lineup for all of 2000's. The band released four more albums with said lineup - "Last Fair Deal Gone Down" (2001), "Viva Emptiness" (2003), "The Great Cold Distance" (2006), and "Night Is the New Day" (2009), with the band slowly moving away from their metal sound while adding more progressive rock sounds to their work over time. While lineup changes started up again into the 2010s, Renkse and Nyström persisted, and the band continued to release music, including "Dead End Kings" (2012) and their most recent, their tenth studio album, "The Fall of Hearts", released on May 20, 2016. Bloodbath is a Swedish death metal supergroup from Stockholm, formed in 1998. The band has released four full-length albums, two EPs and two DVDs depicting their performances at Wacken Open Air (in 2005) and Bloodstock Open Air (in 2010). The group comprises Martin Axenrot (Opeth), Anders Nyström (Katatonia), Jonas Renkse (Katatonia), Nick Holmes (Paradise Lost), and Per Eriksson, who was previously the guitar technician for both Bloodbath and Katatonia. Anders Nyström (born April 22, 1975), also known as Blakkheim (or formerly Blackheim) is a Swedish guitarist. Supertramp (known as Daddy in 1969–1970) are an English rock band formed in London in 1969. Though their music was initially categorised as progressive rock, they later incorporated a combination of traditional rock, pop, and art rock into their music. The band's work is marked by the songwriting of founders Rick Davies and Roger Hodgson and the prominent use of Wurlitzer electric piano and saxophone. Brother Where You Bound is the eighth studio album by the English rock band Supertramp, released in 1985. It was their first album after original member Roger Hodgson left the band, leaving Rick Davies to handle the songwriting and singing on his own. The album features the group's Top 30 hit "Cannonball". Diabolical Masquerade was a Swedish one-man black metal band with progressive influences. The band was formed in 1993 in Stockholm as side project of Anders Nyström (aka Blakkheim), known for his work as the guitarist of Katatonia. "Cannonball" is the opening track from Supertramp's 1985 album "Brother Where You Bound". It was written and sung by keyboardist Rick Davies entirely in the chord of G minor. Davies stated in an interview "I did it simply to see if it could be done".

What is the subject matter of both Mother Jones, a progressive American magazine, and Foreign Policy, an American publication with daily content on its website?

Mark Strauss (born November 8, 1966) is a U.S. journalist. Previously, he was a senior editor at io9.com, covering politics and science, and a senior editor at "Smithsonian Magazine." Prior to that, he was the editor of the "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists", winner of the 2007 National Magazine Award for General Excellence (in the under 100,000 circulation category), which was awarded by the American Society of Magazine Editors. Before joining the "Bulletin", Strauss was a senior editor at the bimonthly magazine "Foreign Policy", for which he had worked since 1997. He has contributed articles to "Slate", the "Chronicle of Higher Education", "The Washington Post", "The New Republic", "The Spectator", the "Brown Journal of World Affairs", and "Washington Monthly". He has also appeared as a commentator on CNN, Fox News, National Public Radio, and the BBC. Prior to joining "Foreign Policy", he was a research assistant at the Brookings Institution's Foreign Policy Studies program, and he served on the staff of a number of prominent national magazines, including "SAIS Review", "Spy Magazine", and "Discover Magazine". Lawrence F. Kaplan (born 1969) was editor of "Entanglements: Arguing America and the World", a website of "The New Republic" devoted to foreign policy and featuring David Rieff, Andrew Bacevich, Geoffrey Wheatcroft, and other noted writers. Kaplan was previously editor of "World Affairs" and executive editor of "The National Interest", both international relations quarterlies. He is also Distinguished Visiting Professor at the U.S. Army War College. He was formerly a senior editor at "The New Republic", where he wrote about U.S. foreign policy and international affairs. From 2005-2007, Kaplan reported for the magazine from Iraq. He has also written about foreign policy for "The Wall Street Journal", "The Financial Times", "Slate", "The New York Times", "The Washington Post", and numerous other publications. The foreign relations of the People's Republic of China (PRC), commonly known as to most states as China, are the relations between the People's Republic of China and other countries. It guides the way in which it interacts with foreign nations and expresses its political, economic and cultural strengths, weaknesses and values. As a great power and emerging superpower, China's foreign policy and strategic thinking is highly influential. China officially states it "unswervingly pursues an independent foreign policy of peace. The fundamental goals of this policy are to preserve China's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity, create a favorable international environment for China's reform and opening up and modernization construction, maintain world peace and propel common development." An example of a foreign policy decision guided by "sovereignty and territorial integrity" is its not engaging in diplomatic relations with any country that recognizes the Republic of China (Taiwan), which the PRC doesn't recognise as a separate nation. China is a member of many international organizations, holding key positions such as a permanent membership on the United Nations Security Council. The PRC's diplomatic goals were expansionist for achieving international communist revolution before the Cultural Revolution ended. In the early 1970s, the PRC replaced the ROC as the recognised government of "China" in the UN following Resolution 2758. As a nuclear power, China signed Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons in the UN context. China's foreign policy today is summarized as strategic relations with neighboring countries and the world's superpowers to strive for China's national interest, to create a favorable environment for China's domestic development for perpetual competition in the world in the long-run. A country's foreign policy, also called foreign relations or foreign affairs -policy, consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve goals within its international relations milieu. The approaches are strategically employed to interact with other countries. The study of such strategies is called foreign policy analysis. In recent times, due to the deepening level of globalization and transnational activities, the states will also have to interact with non-state actors. The aforementioned interaction is evaluated and monitored in attempts to maximize benefits of multilateral international cooperation. Since the national interests are paramount, foreign policies are designed by the government through high-level decision making processes. National interests accomplishment can occur as a result of peaceful cooperation with other nations, or through exploitation. Usually, creating foreign policy is the job of the head of government and the foreign minister (or equivalent). In some countries the legislature also has considerable effects. Foreign policies of countries have varying rates of change and scopes of intent, which can be affected by factors that change the perceived national interests or even affect the stability of the country itself. The foreign policy of one country can have profound and lasting impact on many other countries and on the course of international relations as a whole, such as the Monroe Doctrine conflicting with the mercantilist policies of 19th-century European countries and the goals of independence of newly formed Central American and South American countries. RotoGrinders is a web-based daily fantasy sports community and daily content website co-founded by Cal Spears, Riley Bryant and Cameron MacMillan in 2010. In October 2014, NBC Sports announced the creation of a partnership with RotoGrinders for daily fantasy content. Since 2012, RotoGrinders has hosted the “Tournament Player of the Year” race, which is designed to recognize the best large-field, daily fantasy tournament player each year. The Tournament Player of the Year rankings are calculated by aggregating results from contests across all major daily fantasy gaming sites. Participants are awarded points using a formula based on their top-50 finishes in tournaments with prize pools greater than $10,000. In 2014, the RotoGrinders Tournament Player of the Year was Jonathan “McJester” Zellers. RotoGrinders was named the 2015 Best News & Analysis Site in the Daily Fantasy Sports category by the Fantasy Sports Trade Association. In 2017, RotoGrinders finished as the 3rd fastest growing company in the Gator 100 Kaiulani Lee is an American actress. She is best known for her portrayal of Rachel Carson in both the film and stage version of "A Sense of Wonder", which she also wrote. A Sense of Wonder the film was released in 2010 Directed by Christopher Monger, Director of Photography by Haskell Wexler, ASC. She has been touring with the show for almost 30 years as well as with ""Can't Scare Me...the Story of Mother Jones"" which debuted at the Atlas Theater Performing Arts Center Space at George Mason University. In ""Can't Scare Me. ."" also written by Lee, she portrays Mother Jones. The play is drawn from Mother Jones's autobiography, her letters, speeches, interviews and transcripts. The Indian Foreign Service (Hindi: भारतीय विदेश सेवा ) is the administrative diplomatic civil service under Group A and Group B of the Central Civil Services of the executive branch of the Government of India. It is considered to be one of the two premier Civil Services (the other being the IAS), as appointment to IFS renders a person ineligible to reappear in Civil Services Examination. It is a Central Civil service as Foreign policy is the subject matter and prerogative of Union Government. The Ambassador, High Commissioner, Consul General, Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations and Foreign Secretary are some of the offices held by the members of this service. Foreign Affairs is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership organization and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs. Founded in 1922, the print magazine is currently published every two months, while the website publishes articles daily and anthologies every other month. Foreign Policy is an American news publication, founded in 1970 and focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy. It produces content daily on its website, and in six print issues annually. Mother Jones (abbreviated MoJo) is a progressive American magazine that focuses on news, commentary, and investigative reporting on topics including politics, the environment, human rights, and culture. Clara Jeffery serves as editor. Steve Katz has been publisher since 2010. Monika Bauerlein has been CEO since 2015. "Mother Jones" is published by The Foundation for National Progress.

A 2015 British comedy-drama film directed by Nicholas Hytner featured a three-time Olivier Award winner and what other actress?

The Madness of King George is a 1994 British biographical historical comedy-drama film directed by Nicholas Hytner and adapted by Alan Bennett from his own play, "The Madness of George III". It tells the true story of George III of Great Britain's deteriorating mental health, and his equally declining relationship with his eldest son, the Prince of Wales, particularly focusing on the period around the Regency Crisis of 1788–89. Modern medicine has suggested that the King's symptoms were the result of acute intermittent porphyria, although this theory has more recently been vigorously challenged, most notably by a research project based at St George's, University of London, which concluded that George III did actually suffer from mental illness after all. The Lady in the Van is a 2015 British comedy-drama film directed by Nicholas Hytner, and starring Maggie Smith and Alex Jennings. It was written by Alan Bennett, and it tells the true story of his interactions with Mary Shepherd, an elderly woman who lived in a dilapidated van on his driveway in London for 15 years. He had previously published the story as a 1989 essay, 1990 book, 1999 stage play, and 2009 radio play on BBC Radio 4. Smith had previously portrayed Shepherd twice: in the 1999 stage play, which earned her a Best Actress nomination at the 2000 Olivier Awards and in the 2009 radio adaptation. The Object of My Affection is a 1998 romantic comedy-drama film, adapted from the book of the same name by Stephen McCauley, and starring Jennifer Aniston and Paul Rudd. The story concerns a pregnant New York social worker who develops romantic feelings for her gay best friend and decides to raise her child with him, and the complications that ensue. The film is directed by Nicholas Hytner, and the screenplay was written by Wendy Wasserstein. Frances de la Tour (also Frances J. de Lautour, 30 July 1944) is an English actress, known for her role as Miss Ruth Jones in the television sitcom "Rising Damp" from 1974 until 1978. She is a Tony Award winner and three-time Olivier Award winner. The History Boys is a 2006 British comedy-drama film adapted by Alan Bennett from his play of the same name, which won the 2005 Olivier Award for Best New Play and the 2006 Tony Award for Best Play. It was directed by Nicholas Hytner, who directed the original production at the Royal National Theatre in London, and features the original cast of the play. Stuart Piper is a London-based Agent and Producer represents actors, comedians and creatives, as Managing Director of Cole Kitchenn Personal Management Ltd and Director of CKP Comedy and ROAR Comedy. His client list includes actors Janie Dee, Dame Joan Collins, Pixie Lott, Katherine Jenkins OBE, Hannah Spearritt, Marc Pickering, Chizzy Akudolu, Glynis Barber, Rita Simons, Mica Paris, Phoebe Thomas, Louise Jameson, Mark Moraghan, Sid Owen, comedians Jan Ravens, Josie Lawrence, Lewis Macleod and Hal Cruttenden, West-End and Broadway theatre stars 2016 Evening Standard Award Winner Tyrone Huntley, 2017 Olivier Award winner David Bedella, 2017 Whatsonstage Award Winner Emma Williams, Amy Lennox, Cassie Compton, Julie Atherton, Christine Allado, Caroline O'Connor, Rosemary Ashe, Stephen Carlile, Lauren Samuels, Melanie La Barrie, Siobhan McCarthy, Alexandra Silber, Judy Kuhn, Mazz Murray, and creatives Arlene Phillips, Russell Labey and Nick Winston. In 2010, the agency became part of ROAR Group led by Chairman Jonathan Shalit, expanding to become part of a group of entertainment companies. His team of agents include Oliver Thomson, Alex Segal, Ashley Vallance, Adam Maskell, Brooke Kinsella MBE, Martha Atack, Sam Day, Charlie Royce, Alex MacMillan. In July 2015, The Stage called him a "Star Maker" in a front page interview, and Broadcast Magazine have announced him as a Director of new ROAR Comedy company with Corrie McGuire from Objective and Professor Jonathan Shalit OBE. In Jan 2017 he was announced to have masterminded the acquisition of CKP (Christian Knowles Productions) the agency that represents Micky Flanagan, Zoe Lyons, Hal Cruttenden and Mark Watson and was appointed Director as reported in The Stage and on Chortle. Foster (also known as Angel in the House) is a 2011 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Jonathan Newman, based on his 2005 short film. Part of it was shot at Legoland Windsor in April 2010. The film stars Golden Globe winner Toni Collette, Ioan Gruffudd, Richard E. Grant, BAFTA Award winner Hayley Mills and Maurice Cole. Dame Eileen June Atkins, DBE (born 16 June 1934) is an English actress and occasional screenwriter. She has worked in the theatre, film, and television consistently since 1953. In 2008, she won the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress and the Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or Movie for "Cranford". She is also a three-time Olivier Award winner, winning Best Supporting Performance in 1988 (for Multiple roles) and Best Actress for "The Unexpected Man" (1999) and "Honour" (2004). She was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1990 and Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in 2001. Alex Jennings (born 10 May 1957) is an English actor, who has worked extensively with the Royal Shakespeare Company and National Theatre. A three-time Olivier Award winner, he won for "Too Clever by Half" (1988), "Peer Gynt" (1996), and "My Fair Lady" (2003). He is the only performer to have won Olivier awards in the drama, musical and comedy categories. He played Prince Charles in the 2006 film "The Queen". His other film appearances include "The Wings of the Dove" (1997), "" (2004), "Babel" (2006) and "The Lady in the Van" (2015). Her Naked Skin is a 2008 play by Rebecca Lenkiewicz, and was the first original play by a female writer to be produced at the Olivier Theatre at London's Royal National Theatre (two earlier plays written by women had been adaptations: Pam Gems's adaptation of "The Seagull" in 1991, and Helen Edmundson's "Coram Boy" in 2005). The premiere was directed by Howard Davies. In an interview, the National's director Nicholas Hytner stated "[Lenkiewicz's] new play ... will take its place in the Olivier rep alongside work by Shaw, Middleton and Tony Harrison."

Which countries did Fine Young Cannibals and Anavae hail from?

John Elroy Sanford (December 9, 1922 – October 11, 1991), better known by his screen name Redd Foxx, was an American comedian and actor, best remembered for his explicit comedy records and his starring role on the 1970s sitcom "Sanford and Son". Foxx gained notoriety with his raunchy nightclub acts during the 1950s and 1960s. Known as the "King of the Party Records", he performed on more than 50 records in his lifetime. He also starred in "Sanford", "The Redd Foxx Show" and "The Royal Family". His film projects included "All the Fine Young Cannibals" (1960), "Cotton Comes to Harlem" (1970), "Norman... Is That You? " (1976) and "Harlem Nights" (1989). Roland Gift was the début solo album released by the former Fine Young Cannibals star Roland Gift. The cover photography was by Chris Floyd. The Finest is a compilation album by Fine Young Cannibals, released on MCA Records. The album's cover art was done by Anton Corbijn. The Raw & the Cooked is the second and final studio album by British rock band Fine Young Cannibals, released in 1989. The title of the album was lifted from the book of the same name ("Le Cru et le Cuit" in French) by French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss. Four songs from the album first appeared in film soundtracks in the mid-1980s, three of which were soul tracks from the "Tin Men" film. The band had already recorded over half of the album by the time David Z came to produce the remainder. His work with the band, which resulted in dance-rock material, included studio experimentation. Akrylykz (originally Akrylyk(z) Vyktymz) was a British ska band, formed by members of Hull School of Art in Kingston upon Hull, that featured Roland Gift (later Fine Young Cannibals) originally as a tenor saxophonist, but his role later expanded to frontman and lead singer. Other members of the group were Steve Pears (vocals, tenor saxophone), Stevie "B" Robottom (vocals, alto saxophone, keyboards), Wojciech "Piotr" Swiderski (drums), Michael "Fred" Reynolds (bass), and Nik "Akrylyk" Townend (guitar). "Johnny Come Home" was the debut single release by British band Fine Young Cannibals, taken from their debut album "Fine Young Cannibals". "Good Thing" is a song recorded by Fine Young Cannibals, the second single from their album from 1989, "The Raw & the Cooked". The song was their second U.S. #1, topping the "Billboard" Hot 100 on 8 July 1989. It also peaked at #7 on the UK Singles Chart. Fine Young Cannibals were a British band formed in Birmingham, England in 1984, by bassist David Steele, guitarist Andy Cox (both formerly of The Beat), and singer Roland Gift (formerly of the Akrylykz). Their self-titled 1985 debut album contained "Johnny Come Home" and a cover of "Suspicious Minds", two songs that were top 40 hits in the UK, Canada, Australia and many European countries. Their 1988 album, "The Raw & the Cooked", topped the UK and US album charts, and contained their two "Billboard" Hot 100 number ones: "She Drives Me Crazy" and "Good Thing". Anavae (often abbreviated ae, Æ or æ) are an English rock duo from London. Formed late 2011, the group consists of Rebecca Need-Menear and Jamie Finch. Following their self-released EP "Into the Aether", the band signed with English indie label LAB Records in 2013, releasing a second EP entitled "Dimensions" soon after. Their live members consist of Seb Gee (drums), Josh Platt (guitar), Shane Britton (guitar) and Kris Hodges (bass and synths). John Mostyn is a prominent music industry figure in the West Midlands, most notable for managing The Beat and later, Fine Young Cannibals.

’Twixt Twelve and Twenty is a book which offered advice to teenagers, by which American singer, composer, actor, writer, television personality, motivational speaker, and spokesman?

Charles Eugene "Pat" Boone (born June 1, 1934) is an American singer, composer, actor, writer, television personality, motivational speaker, and spokesman. He was a successful pop singer in the United States during the 1950s and early 1960s. He sold more than 45 million records, had 38 top-40 hits, and appeared in more than 12 Hollywood films. Þorgrímur Þráinsson (born 8 January 1959 in Reykjavík), is a writer, motivational speaker and a former Icelandic footballer. For the past twenty years, Thorgrimur has been Iceland’s most popular author of books for teenagers. His writing has sold extremely well in Iceland, a country with a population of just 330,000. Individually, his books have sold between 5,200 and 9,200 copies. Gregory Burns, MFA, (born 1957) is an American athlete, painter, author, motivational speaker and member of Art of the Olympians. As a competitive swimmer, Burns represented the USA in the 1992, 1996, and 2000 Paralympic Games, winning five medals; he has broken five world records and numerous American records. As a contemporary artist, his paintings have been shown in dozens of solo exhibitions plus dozens of group exhibitions in at least sixteen countries, and Burns has taught in thirty Artist-in-Residence programs around the globe. He is the recipient of the United States Sports Academy’s 2016 Sport Artist of the Year award, (painter). As an author, Burns has published three books in English and Mandarin. As a motivational speaker, Burns has spoken to many audiences with a wide range of interests such as business, culture, and international relations. <ref name="Gregory Burns: Artist's Biography/Timeline"> </ref> Tinker Bell Talks: Tales of a Pixie Dusted Life is an autobiography by American actress, motivational speaker, radio host and author Margaret Kerry. The memoir recounts the actress' lengthy Hollywood career, her faith and relationships through her life. Starting in childhood appearing in "Our Gang" comedy shorts, being the reference model for the character of Tinker Bell in "Walt Disney's Peter Pan", her appearances on "The Lone Ranger" and "The Andy Griffith Show", and starring in "The Ruggles" on ABC-TV, to becoming a voiceover performer, a motivational speaker, and radio host. The book includes 180 photos and artwork. David L. Bach is an American financial author, television personality, motivational speaker, entrepreneur and founder of FinishRich.com. Bach, is best known for his "Finish Rich Book Series" and "Automatic Millionaire Series" of motivational financial books under the Finish Rich® Brand. He has written 12 books since 1998 with over seven million copies in print. Eleven of Bach’s books have been national bestsellers, including nine consecutive New York Times bestsellers, two of which were consecutive #1 "New York Times" bestsellers ("The Automatic Millionaire" and "Start Late, Finish Rich"). Bach has had four of his books "Smart Women Finish Rich, Smart Couples Finish Rich, The Automatic Millionaire and The Finish Rich Workbook" appear simultaneously on the "Wall Street Journal, BusinessWeek, and USA Today" bestseller lists. Eleven of Bach’s books have been published from Random House (Broadway Books). Bach's first book "Smart Women Finish Rich" was published in 1998, and appeared on the bestseller lists for a decade. His most recent book "Debt Free For Life" (2011) was published by Crown Business Books, and appeared simultaneously on the "New York Times, "Wall Street Journal" and "USA Today" bestseller lists. Jairek Robbins (born May 26, 1984) is an American performance coach and motivational speaker. He is the son of American life coach, self-help author, and motivational speaker Tony Robbins. Leslie Calvin "Les" Brown (born February 17, 1945) is an American motivational speaker, author, radio DJ, former television host, and former politician. As a politician, he is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives. As a motivational speaker, he uses the catch phrase "it's possible!" and teaches people to follow their dreams as he learned to do. He was the host of "The Les Brown Show". Greg White (born 1959 in Mullens, West Virginia) is an American basketball coach best known, as the head coach at Marshall University and assistant coach for the UCLA Bruins. He is also a well known motivational speaker on the speakers circuit in both the university and business world. He has spoken to major corporations such as Mercedes, BMW, Subway, State Farm, Chevrolet, AT&T, Timken and Nisource to name a few. On the college speakers circuit he has spoken at University of Alabama, Ohio State University, University of Kentucky, UCLA, Kansas State University, University of South Carolina, University of Louisville, Wake Forest University, University of Tennessee, University of Maryland, Iowa State University, Catholic University of America and University of Denver to name a few. He graduated from the (now closed) Mullens High School in Mullens, WV and went on to play at NCAA Division I Marshall University, where he is a member of the school's Hall of Fame. He was a record setting point guard, starting 113 consecutive games from 1977-81 and still holds numerous records at Marshall. His legendary ball handling skills are world famous as he has traveled the globe performing as motivational speaker, exhibitionist and clinician. His 115 wins as Marshall's head coach rank him as the 3rd winningest coach in Marshall Basketball history (29 coaches). His teams amazed a 87-17 home record in Marshall's Cam Henderson Center. Additionally, his teams at Marshall had a record setting 27 game home win streak and were 34-3 in home games against non conference teams beating foes like Wake Forest University, University of Georgia, University of Detroit and The University of Massachusetts. In 2002, Greg's Marshall team lead all Division I basketball teams in 3 point field goal shooting percentage at 44% and he had 18 all conference players during his time as Marshall's head coach. He had one player, Keith Veney, who hit 15 3's in a game which still stands as an NCAA record. He has written several books with his most popular book being "The Winning Edge", a book about the importance of goal setting and time management. In 2016, he published "Success: Attitude is Everything," a book focused on having a great attitude and strong mindset. His basketball camps are the largest sports camps in the history of West Virginia at Marshall University and the University of Charleston attracting over 1000 per summer at their peak. Abiola Abrams (born July 29, 1976) is an American TV host, Internet personality, personal coach, motivational speaker and author. Her advice columns on topics such as relationships and self-worth include "Intimacy Intervention" on Essence.com and "Abiola’s Love Class" on MommyNoire.com. She is the author of the self-esteem advice guide "The Official Bombshell Handbook: The 13 Sacred Secrets of Feminine Power" and "Dare", a love story retelling of "Faust" set in the hip hop world. Abrams is also the creator of a lifestyle blog and web video series at AbiolaTV.com. ’Twixt Twelve and Twenty is a book by Pat Boone which offered advice to teenagers.

The 80th Indianapolis 500 was held at an automobile racing circuit that was formerly the home of what?

The 2015 IndyCar Series was the 20th season of the IndyCar Series and the 104th season of American open wheel racing. Its premier event was the 99th Indianapolis 500, which was held on May 24. Will Power returned as the reigning champion, while Ryan Hunter-Reay was the defending Indy 500 champion. Chevrolet entered the season as the reigning Manufacturers' champion. Indianapolis 500 and the season finale counted for double points. The 84th Indianapolis 500 was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana on Sunday, May 28, 2000. After four years of an ongoing organizational dispute and "split" in Indy car racing, Chip Ganassi Racing, a CART-based team, became the first team to cross the proverbial "picket line." They arrived to compete in the Indianapolis 500 as a one-off entry which was sanctioned by the rival IRL. The Ganassi team of Jimmy Vasser and Juan Pablo Montoya were well received by fans and competitors, and were quickly up to speed with the IRL regulars. Also making a heralded return to Indy was two-time winner Al Unser, Jr. who had switched full-time to the IRL. The 85th Indianapolis 500 was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana on Sunday, May 27, 2001. Race rookie Hélio Castroneves, a three-year veteran of the CART series, led the final 52 laps and won his first Indy 500. Penske Racing swept 1st-2nd with Gil de Ferran the runner-up. Winning car owner Roger Penske scored his 11th victory at the Indianapolis 500, and his first-ever 1-2 finish in the race. It was a redemption from the team's previous attempt at Indy (1995) in which both of his cars failed to qualify; subsequently followed by a five-year absence (1996-2000) due to the open wheel "split." The Indianapolis 500 is an automobile race, held annually on the last weekend in May to coincide with Memorial Day. The race is held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, located in Speedway, Indiana. The Indianapolis 500 is an open-wheel car race and is currently sanctioned by Indy Racing League LLC, and has been run as an IndyCar Series event since 1996. The Indianapolis 500 is considered one of the most traditional and historical races in the world, and is also considered one of the three most significant motorsport races in the world. The Indianapolis Motor Speedway is an automobile racing circuit located in Speedway, Indiana, (an enclave suburb of Indianapolis) in the United States. It is the home of the Indianapolis 500 and the Brickyard 400, and formerly the home of the United States Grand Prix. It is located on the corner of 16th Street and Georgetown Road, approximately 6 mi west of Downtown Indianapolis. The 1996 Indy Racing League, the first in the history of the league, consisted of only three races, as the season concluded in May with the 80th Indianapolis 500. Walt Disney World Speedway was completed in time to host the first race of the season, and the first ever event of the IRL, and Phoenix International Raceway switched alliances from CART to IRL and hosted the second event of the season. At the conclusion of the three-race schedule, Scott Sharp and Buzz Calkins ended up tied for first place in the season championship. With no tiebreaker rule in place, the two drivers were declared co-champions. Therefore, if the tie "was" broken, Calkins would've been declared the season champion, as he had one win as opposed to Sharp's zero. The 1980 CART PPG Indy Car World Series season was the second in the CART era of U.S. open-wheel racing. It consisted of twelve races, beginning in Ontario, California on April 13 and concluding in Avondale, Arizona on November 8. The PPG Indy Car World Series Drivers' Champion and Indianapolis 500 winner was Johnny Rutherford. Rookie of the Year was Dennis Firestone. The entire season, including the 64th Indianapolis 500, was to be co-sanctioned by both the USAC and CART under the banner of the Championship Racing League (CRL). However, USAC withdrew from the arrangement after five races. The 89th Indianapolis 500 was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana on Sunday, May 29, 2005. It was the premier event of the 2005 IndyCar Series season, and the tenth Indy 500 sanctioned by the Indy Racing League. Dan Wheldon won the race under a yellow flag. Wheldon became the first British-born winner since Graham Hill in 1966. It was the first of two victories for Wheldon in the Indianapolis 500 (the 2011 race being the second). It was also the first victory for Dallara chassis since 2002. The 86th Indianapolis 500 mi race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana on Sunday, May 26, 2002. It was the seventh Indianapolis 500 held as part of the Indy Racing League IndyCar Series schedule, and was part of the 2002 Indy Racing League season. The 80th Indianapolis 500 was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana on Sunday, May 26, 1996. This was the first Indy 500 contested by the Indy Racing League, under the overall sanctioning umbrella of USAC. It was the third and final race of the 1996 IRL season. Buddy Lazier won the race, his first career victory in top-level Indy car competition.

Janet Williams is an American soprano who has won international critical acclaim for performances at the Metropolitan Opera, etc, with conductors including which internationally recognized solo pianist, chamber music performer, and conductor?

Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazy (Russian: Влади́мир Дави́дович Ашкена́зи , "Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazi"; born 6 July 1937) is an internationally recognized solo pianist, chamber music performer, and conductor. He is originally from Russia and has held Icelandic citizenship since 1972. He has lived in Switzerland since 1978. Ashkenazy has collaborated with well-known orchestras and soloists. In addition, he has recorded a large storehouse of classical and romantic works. His recordings have earned him five Grammy awards plus Iceland's Order of the Falcon. Geir Henning Braaten (born 29 October 1944 in Odalen) is a Norwegian pianist. In Oslo, he studied with Nicolai Dirdal from age five, and later with Robert Riefling, both at the Oslo Conservatory of Music. He also studies in France with Yvonne Lefébure, with Bruno Seidlhofer in Vienna.He had his debut in 1966 and has toured widely, especially in the East, including Turkey, Yugoslavia, France, USSR, U.S., Korea, Middle East and Taiwan. He has performed on Hong Kong radio and played with the Tokyo Symphony Orchestra. Braaten has collaborated with conductors including Moshe Atzmon, Aldo Ceccato, Mariss Jansons, Ken-Ichiro Kobayashi and Walter Weller. His complete edition of Grieg gave rise to concerts with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra and won the prestigious MIDEM award. . He has had a close collaboration with world renowned violinist Aaron Rosand. He is retired from his position associate professor at the Norwegian Academy of Music, but continues his busy concert schedule , both as soloist and in chamber music with violinist Ole Bohn among others. Kenneth Fulton,MME - Ph.D is the Sanders Alumni Professor of Choral Studies and Chair of the Division of Ensembles and Conducting at Louisiana State University (LSU)'s College of Music and Dramatic Arts. He is conductor of the LSU A Cappella Choir and teaches choral music. Internationally recognized as a conductor and clinician, Fulton has appeared professionally in 32 different states. Dr. Fulton's choirs have given 18 invitational performances for national audiences of the American Choral Directors Association and the Music Educators National Conference, the College Music Society, the Sonneck Society, and the American Musicological Society, as well as numerous regional performances. He was also chorus master for the Baton Rouge Symphony Chorus for fifteen years and Artistic Director/Conductor for the Linz International Choral Festival in Linz, Austria, where he annually conducted performances with the Festival Orchestra and Chorus. Dr. Fulton is known as one of the most respected university choral conductors in America. Janet Williams is an American soprano who has won international critical acclaim for performances at the Metropolitan Opera, Berlin Staatsoper, Paris Opera, Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, Opera de Lyon, Nice Opera, Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie, Opera Geneva, Frankfurt Opera, Cologne Opera, Leipzig Opera, San Francisco Opera, Washington Opera, Dallas Opera, and Michigan Opera Theatre as well as in concerts throughout Europe, North America, Canada, Israel and Japan with conductors including Vladimir Ashkenazy, Daniel Barenboim, Myung-whun Chung, Philippe Herreweghe, René Jacobs, Marek Janowski, Neeme Järvi, Raymond Leppard, Fabio Luisi, Sir Neville Marriner, Nicholas McGegan, Zubin Mehta, Kent Nagano, John Nelson, Donald Runnicles, Gerard Schwarz and Michael Tilson Thomas. James Lawrence Levine ( ; born June 23, 1943) is an American conductor and pianist. He is primarily known for his tenure as Music Director of the Metropolitan Opera, a position he held for 40 years (1976 to 2016). He has made numerous recordings, as well as television and radio broadcasts, with the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra. Levine has also held leadership positions with the Ravinia Festival, the Munich Philharmonic, and the Boston Symphony Orchestra. In 1980, he started the Lindemann Young Artists Development Program and often works to train promising singers, conductors, and musicians for professional careers. After suffering severe health problems, Levine took a hiatus from conducting for almost two years. He returned to conducting in 2013. He stepped down as the Music Director of the Metropolitan Opera at the end of the 2015-2016 season to assume the new position of Music Director Emeritus. Benjamin Walter Bowman (born September 20, 1979) is an American-Canadian violinist. The Metropolitan Opera Orchestra named Bowman as its concertmaster for an initial one-year term for the 2017/18 season; he will share his role with David Chan. . Bowman has performed to critical acclaim throughout North America, Europe and Asia. He is a member or frequent guest artist for leading chamber music ensembles internationally, including the twice Grammy-nominated ARC Ensemble (Artists of The Royal Conservatory of Music), Art of Time Ensemble, and Leondari Ensemble. Bowman was featured on the 2013 Juno-winning album "Levant" and the 2011 Juno-nominated disc "Armenian Chamber Music" with the Amici Chamber Ensemble. He is the concertmaster of the American Ballet Theatre orchestra (as of October 2014). Julie Landsman (born April 3, 1953) is an American-born French horn player and teacher. Formerly Principal Horn of the Metropolitan Opera from 1985-2010, Landsman now primarily performs chamber music. Prior to her appointment with the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra, Landsman served as co-principal horn with the Houston Symphony, and has toured internationally with the New York Philharmonic and Orpheus Chamber Orchestra. Julie Landsman is on the faculties of The Juilliard School and the Bard College Conservatory of Music, and her students hold prominent positions in orchestras throughout the world. A graduate of Juilliard, her teachers have included James Chambers, Howard Howard and Carmine Caruso. Landsman is featured horn soloist on the recording of Wagner's Ring Cycle with the Metropolitan Opera conducted by James Levine, and has appeared on numerous other recordings. Music festival appearances have included the Marlboro Music Festival, Sarasota Music Festival, Chamber Music Northwest, Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival, Aspen Music Festival and School, Mainly Mozart Orchestra, and La Jolla SummerFest. Landsman grew up in Brooklyn. Cynthia Phelps (born 1961 in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California) is an American violist whose versatile career involves work as a chamber musician, solo artist, and orchestral musician. Phelps is currently the Principal Violist of the New York Philharmonic, a position to which she was appointed in 1992. She is a former faculty member of the Manhattan School of Music and is currently a faculty member at the Juilliard School. She has appeared as a soloist with numerous orchestras throughout the world including the Minnesota Orchestra, New York Philharmonic, San Diego Symphony, Orquesta Sinfonica de Bilbao, and Hong Kong Philharmonic. As a chamber musician, Ms. Phelps performs regularly with the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center, Bargemusic, the Boston Chamber Music Society, the Chicago Chamber Musicians, La Musica, Seattle Chamber Music Society, and the Bridgehampton Chamber Music Festival. Phelps has performed with some of the world's greatest musicians including Isaac Stern, Itzhak Perlman, Pinchas Zukerman, Yo-Yo Ma, Lynn Harrell, and Yefim Bronfman, among many others. She has toured internationally as a member of the Zukerman and Friends Ensemble, appeared with the Guarneri String Quartet, and performed in recital in Paris, Rome, London, and Cardiff, Wales, as well as in Boston, Los Angeles, New York and Washington. Ms. Phelps is a recipient of the Pro Musicis International Award, and a top prize winner at both the Lionel Tertis International Viola Competition and the Washington International String Competition. She has recorded for the Marlboro Recording Society, and the Covenant, Nuova Era, Polyvideo, Virgin Classics labels, and most recently Cala Records where her first solo CD was released. Her appearances on television and radio have included "Live from Lincoln Center" on PBS, National Public Radio, Radio France, and RAI in Italy. The Chamber Music Society of Detroit, founded in 1944, is the tenth oldest chamber music series in the United States as recognized by Chamber Music America. The core of the Chamber Music Society of Detroit’s offerings is a nine-concert chamber music series and a three-concert piano series which bring world-class performers to metropolitan Detroit. Complementing the concert series are a comprehensive education program in Detroit area schools, an international classical music award, a Pre-Concert Talk series and other events. The Chamber Music Society presents its concerts at Seligman Performing Arts Center, located on the campus of Detroit Country Day School in Beverly Hills, Michigan. Valery Vorona (Russian: "Валерий Ворона" ) is a Russian violinist, soloist, conductor, and Meritorious Artist. Vorona graduated from the Gnessin State Musical College and was a post-graduate student at the Moscow Conservatory where he later became a professor. Later on he became a conductor and teacher in positions which added to his career. Currently he is both artistic director and conductor-in-chief of the Moscow Chamber Orchestra for young violinists as well as a soloist of the Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra and a President of the Russian Performing Art Foundation. He also serves as a rector at the Ippolitov-Ivanov Mupic Pedagogical Institute and by 2008 became both conductor and soloist of the Saint Petersburg International Economic Forum. He has participated at various festivals such as the Russian Festival in San Francisco as well as "Vladimir Spivakov Festival" and Sakharov Festival in Nizhny Novgorod. Besides national performances he has also performed overseas in such countries as France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Spain, the United States and various former Soviet republics. He has appeared with many well-known conductors including Ukrainian Oleh Krysa and Oleksandr Bondurianskyi and the Russian conductors Valentin Berlinsky, Vladimir Ponkin, Vladimir Repin, Yuri Bashmet, and Maxim Vengerov.

The desmodromic valve engine, widely used by Ducati, uses cams and levers to close its valves in place of what conventional mechanism?

The I-Active Valve Lift System (i stands for intelligence) or i-AVLS is a valvetrain technology implemented by Subaru in the 2.5L naturally aspirated engines SOHC to improve emissions, efficiency and performance. Note that AVLS is different from AVCS used on other Subaru engines. AVLS improves performance and efficiency by changing which camshaft is operating which of the two intake valves. The camshafts on all AVLS Subaru engines have specially designed lobes for intake valves. They feature two different cam profiles: a low/mid lift profile or a high lift profile. The two intake valves in each cylinder are operated by a rocker arm with its own cam lobe. The cam utilized is selected by the Engine Control Unit (ECU). To select different valve lift modes, oil pressure generated by the engine moves a pin which locks the two lobes together. At low engine speeds the low/mid lift camshafts increases the speed of air rushing into the engine thereby increasing torque and efficiency. At higher engine speeds the high lift camshafts fully open the intake valves, reducing resistance to incoming air and improving power. AVLS only operates one of the intake valves in each cylinder as the other is always open to promote swirl. The Ducati singles were single cylinder motorcycles, made by Ducati from 1950 to 1974. Chief Engineer Fabio Taglioni developed a desmodromic valve system in these years, a system that opens "and" closes the valves using the camshaft, without the need for valve springs. This valve system has become a trademark feature of Ducati motorcycles. An overhead valve engine (OHV engine) is an engine in which the valves are placed in the cylinder head. This was an improvement over the older flathead engine, where the valves were placed in the block next to the piston. Overhead camshaft (OHC) engines, while still overhead valve by definition, are usually categorized apart from other OHV engines. The Ducati 749 is a 90° V-twin Desmodromic valve actuated engine sport bike built by Ducati Motor Holding between 2003 and 2006. Designed by Pierre Terblanche, the 749 was available as the 749, 749 Dark, 749S, and 749R. It shared many of its parts with the 999, with the exception of a slightly smaller 180/55 profile rear tire, smaller cylinders, and different cylinder heads, giving it a smaller displacement of 748 cc. This smaller engine is higher revving and produces a lower peak horsepower than the larger engine used in the 999. The 749S model, like the 999, incorporates features rarely found on production motorcycles, including adjustable rake (23.5° or 24.5°) and five-position adjustable rearset mounts. A desmodromic valve is a reciprocating engine valve that is positively closed by a cam and leverage system, rather than by a more conventional spring. The Ducati 998, a successor to the Ducati 996 and the final variation on the Ducati 916, was produced in various models from 2002 to 2004. The new Testastretta engine shared many similarities with the previous Desmoquattro engine in the 996, although it was completely new from the crankshaft up. Testastretta means narrow head and refers to a complete redesign of the cylinder heads. The desmodromic valve actuation method was retained. The Ducati 888 was a motorcycle manufactured by Ducati as an upgrade to the Ducati 851. The earlier 851 had introduced liquid cooling, computerized fuel injection and four-valve heads to the company's two cylinder motors. In 1991 Ducati increased the capacity of the 851 to 888 cc to create the 888. Both engines featured the Desmoquattro valvetrain concept in which a four valve per cylinder motor was given desmodromic valve actuation, with cams both opening and closing the valves. Ducati's desmodromic system reduces the frictional penalty from conventional valve springs. The Ducati Superquadro engine is a 90° V-twin four-stroke motorcycle engine made by Ducati since 2011. It has Ducati's signature desmodromic valve system, with four valves per cylinder and gear/chain driven double overhead camshafts. It has been made in four displacements ranging from , with power as high as in the largest version. A valve actuator is the mechanism for opening and closing a valve. Manually operated valves require someone in attendance to adjust them using a direct or geared mechanism attached to the valve stem. Power-operated actuators, using gas pressure, hydraulic pressure or electricity, allow a valve to be adjusted remotely, or allow rapid operation of large valves. Power-operated valve actuators may be the final elements of an automatic control loop which automatically regulates some flow, level or other process. Actuators may be only to open and close the valve, or may allow intermediate positioning; some valve actuators include switches or other ways to remotely indicate the position of the valve. A gate valve, also known as a sluice valve, is a valve which opens by lifting a round or rectangular gate/wedge out of the path of the fluid. The distinct feature of a gate valve is the sealing surfaces between the gate and seats are planar, so gate valves are often used when a straight-line flow of fluid and minimum restriction is desired. The gate faces can be parallel, but are most commonly wedge-shaped. Gate valves are primarily used to permit or prevent the flow of liquids, but typical gate valves shouldn't be used for regulating flow, unless they are specifically designed for that purpose. Because of their ability to cut through liquids, gate valves are often used in the petroleum industry. For extremely thick fluids, a specialty valve often known as a knife gate valve is used to cut through the liquid. On opening the gate valve, the flow path is enlarged in a highly nonlinear manner with respect to percent of opening. This means that flow rate does not change evenly with stem travel. Also, a partially open gate tends to vibrate from the fluid flow. Most of the flow change occurs near shutoff with a relatively high fluid velocity causing gate and seat wear and eventual leakage if used to regulate flow. Typical gate valves are designed to be fully opened or closed. When fully open, the typical gate valve has no obstruction in the flow path, resulting in very low friction loss.

Fern is a British chat show hosted by Fern Britton who interviewed an English actress who received drama training from where?

Miranda Katherine Hart Dyke (born 14 December 1972), known professionally as Miranda Hart or sometimes referred to as Miranda, is an English actress and comedian. Following drama training at the Academy of Live and Recorded Arts, Hart began writing material for the Edinburgh Fringe Festival and making small appearances in various British sitcoms including "Hyperdrive" and "Not Going Out". The Jonathan Ross Show is a British chat show presented by Jonathan Ross. It was first broadcast on ITV on 3 September 2011 and airs on Saturday evenings following the conclusion of Ross' BBC One chat show, "Friday Night with Jonathan Ross", in July 2010. A Day with Dana is a British chat show hosted by Dana Rosemary Scallon which was first aired on BBC Two in 1974. "" is a British chat show hosted by Alan Carr on Channel 4 that began in 2009. The sixteenth and final series premiered on 3 March 2016 Paul O'Grady Live is a British comedy chat show hosted by Paul O'Grady, that began airing on 10 September 2010 on ITV. The show is a Friday night chat show that features a mixture of celebrity guests, airing at 21:00. The show culminates with different Vegas-style acts or music artist performing live on the show. The show has averaged 3.74 million viewers. Series one of the programme finished on 12 November 2010, although a Christmas special aired on 24 December 2010. The show's second series began on 15 April 2011 and ended on 8 July 2011, the show has not been on air since. Anthony Edward Lowry "Tony" Britton (born 9 June 1924) is an English actor. He is the father of presenter Fern Britton, scriptwriter Cherry Britton and actor Jasper Britton. The Rob Brydon Show is a British chat show hosted by comedian Rob Brydon. The first series started on 17 September 2010 and consists of six regular episodes, a compilation episode and a Christmas special. The second series had six regular episodes, a Christmas special and a compilation episode. The third and final series had six regular episodes. Fern is a British chat show hosted by Fern Britton which aired on Channel 4 on weekdays at 5:00pm in March and April 2011. The format is a teatime chat show featuring real-life stories, a mix of gossip and entertainment. The studio had a sofa area for interviewing celebrity guests, a kitchen area, two smaller areas for interviewing other guests and an audience. Britton interviewed a range of guests on the show including actors Alan Cumming, Richard Wilson and Richard E. Grant, singer Coleen Nolan, disc-jockeys Chris Evans and Chris Moyles, musician Brian May, comedians Alan Carr and Miranda Hart and charity fundraiser Jack Henderson. Fern Britton Meets... is a British television talk show presented by Fern Britton which was first aired on BBC One during the four Sundays of Advent from 29 November to 20 December 2009. Each episode featured Britton interviewing a high-profile person about their life, career and religious beliefs. The programme attracted particular attention following an interview with former British Prime Minister Tony Blair in which he discussed his thoughts about the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Davina was a British chat show hosted by Davina McCall. It first aired on BBC One on 15 February 2006, however, the show ended on 12 April 2006 at the end of its first series due to low ratings. One show attracted fewer than 2.3 million viewers, when it was moved to 7pm.