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52850584 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fankaty%20Dabo | Fankaty Dabo | Sheikh Mohamed Fankaty Dabo (born 11 October 1995) is an English professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Coventry City.
Club career
Dabo began his career with Chelsea. On 11 January 2017, along with Chelsea teammates Charlie Colkett and Islam Feruz, Dabo joined League One side Swindon Town on loan for the remainder of the 2016–17 season. Three days later, Dabo made his Swindon Town debut in a 2–1 away victory against Bolton Wanderers, featuring for the entire 90 minutes. On 5 February 2017, Dabo scored his first goal for Swindon in their local derby against Oxford United.
On 25 June 2017, Dabo joined Dutch side Vitesse on a season-long loan. In August 2018 Dabo returned on loan to the Netherlands, this time with Sparta Rotterdam.
On 5 June 2019, it was announced that Dabo would join Coventry City on a three-year deal after his Chelsea contract expired on 1 July. Dabo won Coventry's 2019–20 'Player of the Year' award.
International career
Dabo was born in England and is of Sierra Leonean descent. He has represented England at under-16, under-17 and under-20 youth levels.
Career statistics
References
1995 births
Living people
English footballers
England youth international footballers
English sportspeople of Sierra Leonean descent
Chelsea F.C. players
Swindon Town F.C. players
SBV Vitesse players
Sparta Rotterdam players
Coventry City F.C. players
English Football League players
Association football defenders
English expatriate footballers
English expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands
Eredivisie players
Eerste Divisie players |
7968480 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutch%20control | Clutch control | Clutch control refers to the act of controlling the speed of a vehicle with a manual transmission by partially engaging the clutch plate, using the clutch pedal instead of (or in conjunction with) the accelerator pedal. The purpose of a clutch is in part to allow such control; in particular, a clutch provides transfer of torque between shafts spinning at different speeds. In the extreme, clutch control is used in performance driving, such as starting from a dead stop with the engine producing maximum torque at high RPM.
Overview
With the clutch pedal completely pressed or a motorcycle's lever pulled entirely towards the driver, there is no direct link between the engine and the driveshaft, so no power can pass from the engine to the driveshaft and wheels. With the pedal entirely released, there is full contact between the engine and the driveshaft, via the clutch plate, which means that the engine can apply power directly to the driveshaft. However, it is possible to have the clutch plate partially engaged, allowing the clutch to slip. As a result, only a fraction of the power from the engine reaches the driveshaft, which is commonly known as half clutch.
Benefits
There are benefits to the use of clutch control in specific circumstances:
Low gear and low speed
When a car is in first gear, small variations in engine speed translate to large changes in acceleration and engine braking. However, with a combination of clutch control and careful use of engine speed, a much smoother ride can be achieved by allowing the clutch to slip. Variations in engine revs are not immediately translated into changes in drive shaft rotation speed, but rather the friction on the clutch plate allows the drive shaft to gradually equalize with the speed of the engine.
Moving off from a standstill
At a certain point while gently lifting the clutch, the car will begin to move as the clutch starts to slip, referred to as the biting point. Here, the accelerator pedal should be gently depressed to slowly increase the car's speed. Once the car reaches a suitable speed, the clutch can be fully engaged and speed can then be controlled either by varying the engine speed or by partially disengaging the clutch again if necessary.
This particular use of clutch control is frequently taught to learning drivers as a way to control acceleration when pulling away from a complete stop or when driving at very slow speeds while minimizing the chance of stalling the engine.
Creeping
Creeping generally refers to moving slowly, and is generally analogous to a parking situation or very slow moving traffic. Creeping is usually done in either reverse or first gear, like when reversing out of a parking or pulling into a driveway. While moving at low speeds like these, it is often not necessary to use the accelerator pedal as an engine's idle speed should provide enough power to do so, given a driver is skilled with clutch control. Revving the engine higher than about 2000 RPM while moving at low speeds and the clutch not fully engaged is very bad and causes extreme wear to the clutch material, greatly reducing its usable lifespan.
Uphill start
When pulling away on an uphill slope, the chance of stalling the engine is greater, and so it can be beneficial to engage the clutch more slowly than normal while revving higher than normal.
Adverse road conditions
In adverse road conditions, notably snow or ice, it is recommended to pull away in as low a gear as possible to minimize torque on the wheels and thereby maintain traction with the road. Pulling away requires progressively slower engagement of the clutch as the gear increases, and in a high gear it is necessary to engage the clutch slowly to avoid the increased risk of stalling the engine, or, in the case of adverse weather conditions, spinning the wheels.
Balancing the clutch
Normally, when a vehicle is stationary on an uphill slope it is necessary to use the handbrake in conjunction with clutch control to prevent the vehicle from rolling backwards when pulling away. However, in situations where the vehicle must be stopped briefly, for example in slow moving traffic, the clutch can be used to balance the uphill force from the engine with the downhill force of gravity. In very few instances this may be useful, but generally should be avoided as doing this habitually will cause excessive wear on the clutch.
Deceleration
Typically with motorcycles and in motor sport, the clutch is often used to facilitate the use of resistance from the engine spinning at high speeds to decelerate the vehicle more quickly, often accompanied with normal braking. This can be achieved by placing the vehicle in a gear that would ordinarily be too low for the current speed and momentum of the vehicle and by partly engaging the clutch. When this happens, momentum energy from the inertia of the vehicle is taken away to spin the engine as close as possible to its maximum capability. As the vehicle is decelerating, the clutch can be further released to transfer more energy to keep the engine spinning as quickly as possible. This method causes excessive clutch wear, however, and it could cause severe engine damage or wheel lockup if the clutch were to be released suddenly.
A better method is to downshift to a lower gear that would spin the engine within its RPM limit and use the throttle to "rev match" the engine to the road speed before releasing the clutch fully. Effective engine braking is still achieved with little or no excessive clutch wear.
Once the clutch is entirely released and the vehicle has decelerated some, this cycle proceeds downwards through the gears to further assist deceleration. If the clutch is controlled improperly while this is being attempted, damage or extra wear to the engine and gears is possible, as well as the risk of wheels locking up and a subsequent loss of proper vehicle control.
Problems
Even normal use of clutch control increases the wear (and decreases the lifespan) of the clutch. Excessive use of clutch control or "riding the clutch" will cause further damage.
Prolonged use
While the use of clutch control at low speed can be used to obtain greater control of acceleration and engine braking, once a car has picked up sufficient speed the clutch should be fully engaged (pedal released).
Excessive engine revolutions
Excessively revving the engine while using clutch control, or keeping the clutch partially engaged while accelerating with the gas pedal, can cause unnecessary damage to the clutch.
Slipping the clutch
Slipping the clutch (sometimes referred to as feathering the clutch) is a term used by automotive enthusiasts to describe when the driver alternately applies and releases the clutch to achieve some movement of the car. It's called slipping because the clutch plate will slip against the flywheel surface when such an action is performed. Slipping the clutch is known to be hard on the clutch surface due to the sliding friction created.
Drivers can frequently be observed slipping the clutch when they are trying to stay stationary on a hill without using neutral and the brake. They apply the clutch to climb a bit, then release to roll back, then apply again, etc. so that the car stays in about the same place. With enough practice, alternating is no longer needed. Applying the correct amount of clutch pressure and throttle causes just enough force from the engine to counter gravity and keep the vehicle stationary (see balancing the clutch). The alternative to this technique of staying stationary on a hill would be to put the vehicle in neutral and apply the brake.
Slipping the clutch is a popular term in drag racing culture and is done when launching a car, usually in a drag race. Some contend that slipping the clutch is the best way to launch a front-wheel drive (FWD) car as it prevents torque steering that many FWD cars experience when too much power is put to the front wheels.
Riding the clutch
In a vehicle with a manual transmission, riding the clutch refers to the practice of needlessly keeping the clutch partially disengaged. This results in the clutch being unable to fully engage with the flywheel and so causes premature wear on the disc and flywheel.
A common example of riding the clutch is to keep slight continual pressure on the clutch pedal whilst driving, as when a driver habitually rests his/her foot on the clutch pedal instead of on the floorboard or dead pedal. Although this slight pressure is not enough to allow the clutch disc itself to slip, it is enough to keep the release bearing against the release springs. This causes the bearing to remain spinning, which leads to premature bearing failure.
When shifting properly, the driver "shifts" to another gear and then releases pressure on the clutch pedal to re-engage the engine to the driveshaft. If the pedal is released quickly, a definite lurch can be felt as the engine and driveshaft re-engage and their speeds equalize. However, if the clutch is released slowly the clutch disc will "slip" against the flywheel; this friction permits the engine a smoother transition to its new rotation speed. Such routine slippage causes wear on the clutch analogous to the wear-and-tear on a brake pad when stopping. Some amount of wear is unavoidable, but with better clutching/shifting technique it can be minimized by releasing the clutch as close to the correct engine speed for the gear and vehicle speed as possible. When upshifting, this will involve allowing the engine speed to fall. Conversely, when downshifting, increasing the engine speed with the accelerator prior to releasing clutch will result in a smoother transition and minimal clutch wear.
Riding the clutch occurs when the driver does not fully release the clutch pedal. This results in the clutch disc slipping against the flywheel and some engine power not being transferred to the drive train and wheels. While inefficient, most drivers routinely use this technique effectively when driving in reverse (as fully engaging the reverse gear results in velocity too great for the short distance traveled) or in stop-and-go traffic (as it is easier to control the throttle and acceleration at very slow speeds).
Riding the clutch should not be confused with "freewheeling" or "coasting", where the clutch is pressed down fully allowing the car to roll either downhill or from inertia. While this is not damaging to the car, it can be considered a dangerous way to drive since one forgoes the ability to quickly accelerate if needed. It is, however, a common practice to roll into a parking space or over speed bumps via inertia.
See also
Double clutch (technique)
References
Driving techniques |
7347395 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampco%20Pittsburgh | Ampco Pittsburgh | Ampco-Pittsburgh Corporation (American Metal Products Company) is a specialty steel manufacturer headquartered in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is one of several companies to bear the Ampco name, and it should not be confused with the Milwaukee-based copper base alloy producer, Ampco Metal Inc.; the Miami-based cabinetry company; the Swiss aluminum corporation; or the Dallas-based tool company. Ampco was formed in 1929 and is a conglomerate made up of several previously established small steel makers. Five small companies operate under the Ampco umbrella in two different product segments.
About the Company
The Forged and Cast Rolls portion of the corporation includes two companies: Union Electric Steel and Davy Rolling Company. Union Electric is the world's largest producer of rolled steel, which is used in the cold rolling process of making many metals. The subsidiary offers a variety of grades of thickness and hardness for the product. Davy Rolling Company, a former British corporation, creates cast rolls, heavy duty rolls, and specialty rolls.
The Air and Liquid Processing Segment of the company comprises Aerofin, Buffalo Air Handling, and Buffalo Pumps. Aerofin creates steel coils for use industrially in power plants and oil extraction and commercially in automobiles, and heating/cooling systems. Under Buffalo Air Handling, metal plating, parts, and fans for huge ventilation and refrigeration systems are manufactured. Buffalo Pumps is the maker of a variety of pumps for various industries.
In 2008, their chairman & former CEO, Robert Paul, became a minority partner in the Pittsburgh Steelers, purchasing a minority stake in order to keep controlling ownership within the Rooney family. Paul and his family acquired a 16% stake in the team as part of the deal, though the Rooneys will remain as primary owners.
References
External links
www.ampcopgh.com Company Web Site
www.aerofin.com Aerofin Web Site
www.buffaloair.com Buffalo Air Web Site
www.buffalopumps.com Buffalo Pumps Web Site
Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Manufacturing companies established in 1929
Manufacturing companies based in Pittsburgh
Steel companies of the United States |
67331003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanchi%20Kamakoti%20Childs%20Trust%20Hospital | Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital | The Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital is a 200-bed exclusive pediatric care hospital situated in Nungambakkam, Chennai, India. The hospital was founded in April, 1978 as the CHILDS Trust Hospital by late Dr MS Ramakrishnan. In October 1999, the management was taken over by the Kanchi Mutt and was renamed as the Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital.
The hospital is a tertiary care referral hospital and is accredited by the NABH. It was named as the best pediatric care hospital in the country by the American magazine Newsweek in 2021.
References
Children's hospitals in India
Hospitals in Chennai
Pediatrics in India |
2881862 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stev%20Theloke | Stev Theloke | Stev Theloke (born 18 January 1978, in Karl-Marx-Stadt) is a professional swimmer from Germany, who won two bronze medals at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He did so in the 4×100 metres medley relay and in the 100 metres backstroke.
Theloke missed the 2004 Summer Olympics due to injury, and he was expelled from the German team for the 2005 World Aquatics Championships after he criticised his own swimming federation in an interview.
External links
1978 births
Living people
German male backstroke swimmers
Swimmers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Olympic swimmers of Germany
Sportspeople from Chemnitz
Olympic bronze medalists for Germany
Olympic bronze medalists in swimming
World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming
European Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Goodwill Games medalists in swimming
Competitors at the 1998 Goodwill Games |
3588667 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Wonderful%20Horrible%20Life%20of%20Leni%20Riefenstahl | The Wonderful Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl | The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl () is a 1993 German documentary film about the life of German film director Leni Riefenstahl, directed by Ray Müller.
Production
Riefenstahl was best known for her documentary film Olympia (1938), on the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin and her Nazi propaganda films, Der Sieg des Glaubens (1933), Triumph of the Will (1935), and Tag der Freiheit (1935), which are regarded by historians as among the greatest propaganda films of all time.
The United States release of this film, in 1993, coincided with the publication of Riefenstahl's autobiography Leni Riefenstahl: A Memoir (New York, 1993), as well as with her ninetieth birthday. The two releases are not unrelated. The Wonderful, Horrible life of Leni Riefenstahl was born from an idea of Riefenstahl herself, who, motivated by her old age and already working on her memoirs, decided to commission a documentary about her life.
Concerned about being associated with the 'Nazi director', eighteen filmmakers declined the project, before Müller agreed to portray Riefenstahl in what ended up being a three-hour-long documentary (three times its contract length).
The length of the film is therefore the result of a decision by the director: Müller justifies it as an attempt to give a fair representation of Riefenstahl's life, which cannot be reduced to the eight years she worked for the Nazi regime, but presents much more interesting stories and facts that are relevant to understand her personality. Showing more historical material about her life, according to Müller, also helps to compensate the strong image of herself that Riefenstahl tries to impose throughout the movie, giving the viewer a better chance to draw their own conclusions. The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl encapsulates a historical figure at the end of her life. Through this film, it is shown how Riefenstahl dealt with the repercussions of her early work.
Reception
The film garnered a strong critical response. It currently has a 95% rating amongst critics cited on the Rotten Tomatoes film review website.
"This movie is fascinating in so many different ways: As the story of an extraordinary life, as the reconstruction of the career of one of the greatest of film artists, as the record of an ideological debate, as a portrait of an amazing old woman." Roger Ebert, Chicago Sun-Times
"Consistently fascinating documentary... This very significant film is the fablelike story of a woman whose search for the ideal, not unlike Ms. Riefenstahl's search in a very different world, leads to disaster." Vincent Canby, New York Times
Release and awards
Belgian, British, and German production companies financed the film and it was distributed by American, Japanese, Canadian, and French companies. It premiered at the Toronto Festival of Festivals in September 1993, followed shortly thereafter at several American film festivals.
When broadcast in the United States, the film received a primetime slot of 8:00pm on stations like PBS. When televised in Germany and Austria, the film met opposition and wasn't aired until 11:00pm. It won an Emmy Award at the International Emmy Awards in 1993, for Arts Documentary. Ray Müller won the Golden Space Needle Award for best documentary at the Seattle International Film Festival in 1994. The film is consistently found on “best documentary” lists. In Germany, the Emmy win was rarely mentioned.
References
Notes
Bibliography
Starkman, Ruth. "Mother of All Spectacles: Ray Muller's 'The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl'", Film Quarterly, Vol. 51, No. 2 (Winter, 1997–1998), pp. 21–31.
External links
Documentary films about film directors and producers
German documentary films
German films
1993 films
1993 documentary films
Cultural depictions of Leni Riefenstahl |
53408675 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garjee%E2%80%93Agartala%20Passenger | Garjee–Agartala Passenger | Agartala - Udaipur Tripura Passenger is a passenger express train of the Indian Railways connecting Agartala in Tripura and Udaipur Tripura in Tripura. It is currently being operated with 55683/55684 train numbers on six a day basis.
Service
The 55683/55684 has an average speed of 37 km/hr and covers the 43 km in 1 hrs 15 mins.
Route and halts
Traction
Both trains are hauled by a WDM-3A diesel locomotive based at the New Guwahati Locomotive Shed.
Coach composite
The train consists of 13 coaches:
4 General
1 Second-class Luggage/parcel van
Rake maintenance
The train is maintained by the Silchar Coaching Depot. The same rake is used for Agartala - Udaipur Tripura Passenger for one way which is altered by the second rake on the other way.
See also
Agartala railway station
Udaipur railway station
Agartala - Udaipur Tripura Passenger
References
References
55683/Udaipur (Tripura) - Agartala Passenger
55684/Agartala - Udaipur Tripura Passenger
Rail transport in Tripura
Transport in Agartala
Slow and fast passenger trains in India
Railway services introduced in 2017
2017 establishments in Tripura |
6486784 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%20Introduction%20to%20UFO | An Introduction to UFO | An Introduction to UFO is a 2006 CD compilation of songs by the British hard rock band UFO, extracted mainly from the band's first two albums.
Track listing
"Boogie" - 4:17
"Prince Kajuku" - 3:56
"Timothy" - 3:29
"C'mon Everybody" - 3:12
"Follow You Home" - 2:14
"Shake It About" - 3:47
"Galactic Love" - 2:56
"(Come Away) Melinda" - 5:06
"Unidentified Flying Object" - 2:19
"Loving Cup" - 3:52
"Give Her the Gun" - 4:00
"Sweet Little Thing" - 3:51
"Evil" - 3:27
"Who Do You Love?" - 7:50
"C'mon Everybody" (live) - 4:20
"Rock Bottom" (live) - 8:52
References
2006 compilation albums
UFO (band) compilation albums |
38603103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kihara%20%28surname%29 | Kihara (surname) | Kihara (written: ) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with this surname include:
People
Keisuke Kihara
Masakazu Kihara
Minoru Kihara
, Japanese table tennis player
Nobutoshi Kihara
Ryuichi Kihara
Shichirō Kihara
Shigeyuki Kihara
Toshie Kihara
Fictional characters
Nayuta Kihara, Gensei Kihara, Therestina Kihara Lifeline, Kagun Kihara, Amata Kihara and many others, characters in the light novel series A Certain Magical Index
Tsumugu Kihara, one of the main characters of Nagi no Asukara
Japanese-language surnames |
64649997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%B6r%C3%BCkler%2C%20Geyve | Yörükler, Geyve | Yörükler is a neighborhood of Geyve district of Sakarya province.
Population
References
Villages in Sakarya Province |
69426071 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protopalpus | Protopalpus | Protopalpus is a monotypic genus of southeast Asian sheet weavers containing the single species, Protopalpus kurku. It was first described by A. V. Tanasevitch in 2021, and it has only been found in Thailand.
See also
List of Linyphiidae species (I–P)
References
Monotypic Linyphiidae genera
Arthropods of Thailand |
57343352 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaenopsectra%20profusa | Phaenopsectra profusa | Phaenopsectra profusa is a species of midge in the family Chironomidae.
References
Further reading
Chironomidae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Insects described in 1945 |
19784363 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perry%20State%20Forest | Perry State Forest | Perry State Forest is a state forest in Perry County, Ohio, United States.
References
Ohio state forests
Protected areas of Perry County, Ohio |
2461192 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern%20Union%20Railway | Eastern Union Railway | The Eastern Union Railway (EUR) was an English railway company, at first built from Colchester to Ipswich; it opened in 1846. It was proposed when the earlier Eastern Counties Railway failed to make its promised line from Colchester to Norwich. The businessman John Chevallier Cobbold and the engineer Peter Bruff were prominent in launching the company. The allied but nominally independent Ipswich and Bury Railway built a line onwards to Bury St Edmunds, also opening in 1846, and soon amalgamated with the EUR.
Norwich was connected to the EUR in 1849 by the EUR building a line on from Haughley (on the former I&BR) to a terminus at Norwich, named Victoria. By this time the Eastern Counties Railway had reached Norwich via Ely by leasing the Norfolk Railway; the ECR was established at Thorpe station. The EUR also had a branch to Hadleigh, and leased a branch to Sudbury.
The EUR suffered by being dependent on the ECR for through traffic from Colchester to London, and the ECR used many predatory methods to the disadvantage of the EUR, and the latter became subject to serious financial difficulties. It leased its line to the ECR in 1854, and the ECR thereby increased its dominance in East Anglia. The EUR remained an independent company, but not operating any railway, until 1862 when it and the ECR were amalgamated with other networks to form the new Great Eastern Railway.
The main line from Colchester to Norwich remains in use today, except that the Victoria station has closed; the route forms the Great Eastern Main Line. The Sudbury branch is also still in use.
Early schemes
The first railway scheme for East Anglia was proposed in 1825 when a scheme known as the Norfolk and Suffolk Rail-Road was being promoted by John Wilks. This venture failed to attract much interest and was widely believed to be a swindle.
Also in 1825 a scheme was proposed to link the port of Ipswich with market towns in the hinterland; the route was to link Diss and Eye to Ipswich. This scheme too foundered without much further development.
The first authorised railway through Ipswich was the Eastern Counties Railway, which obtained its authorising Act on 4 July 1836; it was to be built from London to Yarmouth, a distance of 126 miles. Share capital was £1.2 million. Land acquisition soon proved to be hugely more expensive than had been expected; the first portion of line, from Romford to Mile End, opened on 20 June 1839, but the project ran out of money. It was cut back to open only between London and Colchester, on 29 March 1843; surveying for the onward route as far as Ardleigh, less than 3 miles away, had been completed.
The Eastern Union Railway conceived
Peter Bruff had been working as an engineer on the construction of the Eastern Counties Railway. It appears that there was friction between him and the company's chief engineer, John Braithwaite. Braithwaite had designed the Eastern Counties Railway with magnificent, but very costly, viaducts and earthworks. Braithwaite estimated that £800,000 was needed to extend the line from Colchester to Ipswich. Bruff believed that a cheaper scheme was more practicable. Bruff was discharged from the service of the Eastern Counties Railway in 1842, but he maintained contact with John Chevallier Cobbold, a director of that company. Cobbold became the driving force in promoting a new railway to connect Ipswich and Colchester, and at a public meeting in Ipswich on 8 August 1843 Bruff explained his scheme. The line would be called the Eastern Union Railway, and would be much more cheaply built than the Eastern Counties Railway's proposed line. With the impetus of Cobbold's support and Bruff's engineering competence, it was shown to be practicable and affordable to extend to Ipswich.
The meeting determined that the scheme was to be supported, and Parliamentary authorisation was sought in the 1844 session; the Bill received the Royal Assent on 19 July 1844. The authorised capital was £200,000. The project was for a single line railway, but earthworks for a double line were constructed, anticipating the route becoming a trunk line in due course. Joseph Locke agreed to be the engineer for the works, and Bruff became the resident engineer. The Eastern Counties Railway had already purchased some land for their line, between Colchester and Ardleigh; moreover they had not relinquished their powers to make a railway, and now made difficulties for the EUR in following the same route.
Opening
Construction of the line commenced on 1 October 1844 near Bentley; plant and materials had already been landed at Cattawade on the River Stour. The main contractor was Thomas Brassey who sub-let parcels of work to sub-contractors.
On 11 December 1844 the Board resolved to lay double track; this would incur an additional £50,000 of expenditure, and this was authorised by Act of Parliament on 21 July 1845. The Eastern Counties Railway had resumed construction north of Colchester, in an attempt to resurrect their Harwich branch, already rejected by Parliament. It was being laid in defiance of the alignment defined in the ECR Act and had excessive gradients. The EUR petitioned to adopt the works and build the line themselves to their own specification, but the matter went to arbitration, and was resolved only by the EUR purchasing and completing the works, at a heavy cost.
By May 1845 the earthworks were complete between Ipswich and Ardleigh, and the timber viaducts across the Stour were completed in December, although the embankments each side were not completed until May 1846. The directors were then able to traverse the line by special train on 2 May 1846. It ran from Ipswich to Colchester, taking an hour and a half to complete the journey.
Revenue earning goods services commenced on 1 June 1846; on 4 June Major General Pasley visited the line to carry out the Board of Trade inspection; approval was required to start passenger operation. Pasley was satisfied and a ceremonial opening took place on 11 June 1846: a train departed from Ipswich for Colchester, where it picked up a number of notaries, including George Hudson, chairman of the ECR, and Joseph Locke. On return to Ipswich lavish celebrations took place for all involved in the railway and in the evening a balloon ascent over the town was made by a famous balloonist, Charles Green.
The line opened for public passenger service on 15 June 1846 from an end-on junction with the ECR at its Colchester station to a terminus at Ipswich, a distance of 17 miles; there were three intermediate stations, Ardleigh, Manningtree and Bentley. It was the first railway to reach Ipswich.
Ipswich and Bury Railway
From the earliest days, the EUR had intended to extend beyond Ipswich, to Bury and to Norwich. This was opposed by the ECR, which planned to be the sole connection to Norwich when their line from Ely was completed. A number of other competing schemes went to the 1845 session of Parliament, and key among these was the EUR's Bury extension railway. This was promoted as a nominally independent company, the Ipswich and Bury Railway Company (I&BR). This was incorporated on 21 July 1845 with share capital of £400,000 to build from Ipswich to Bury St Edmunds. The proposed line was 26 miles long, following the Gipping Valley. Once again Thomas Brassey was given the contract for construction; an elaborate ground breaking ceremony took place on 1 August 1845.
The EUR Ipswich station was a terminus, at the corner of Wherstead Road and Croft Road, and was unsuitable for continuing northwards. The new line diverged from the earlier route at Halifax Junction, a little to the south of the station. The planned line was to pass through a tunnel under Stoke Hill.
The tunnel was to be 361 yards in length; it was Bruff's first tunnel, and it proved very difficult to build, particularly due to ground water, and at one stage Bruff considered abandoning the tunnel, but it was completed in September 1846 and on 19 September 1846 a celebratory dinner was held in the tunnel.
A further challenge for construction was in the Stowmarket area, where there was marshy ground; indeed the bog was ascertained to be 80 feet deep. The EUR employed George Stephenson's method for building across the Chat Moss bog, and a raft of brushwood and faggots was used to give the embankment a firm footing. The River Gipping was also diverted to aid the project.
On 26 November 1846 the first test train ran to Bury St Edmunds with stops at most stations on the route. The Bury station had not been completed, so a temporary station on the Ipswich side of an uncompleted road bridge was used. An elaborate celebratory meal was given. Goods operation on the line started on 30 November 1846, and a formal opening followed on 7 December 1846, when a special train ran from Shoreditch (ECR station) to Bury. The Board of Trade inspection took place on 15 December 1846 and the line opened for traffic on 24 December. The permanent station at Bury opened in mid-November 1847, after a bridge over the main road had been finished, enabling the short extension.
The EUR Ipswich station was a terminus on a short spur, by-passed by the Ipswich and Bury Railway main line, so trains to and from Bury St Edmunds reversed from that station to the point of junction (Halifax Junction). It was not until 1860 that the through station (at the present-day location) was provided.
Extending to Norwich, and amalgamation
Norwich was now the objective sought by many railway interests. At this time the Railway Mania was at its height, and several schemes to reach Norwich were deposited for the 1846 session of Parliament, including projects in which the Eastern Counties Railway had an interest. The Ipswich and Bury Railway promoted a line from a triangular junction north of Stowmarket (at Haughley) to Norwich by way of Diss, and it was this that gained the Royal Assent on 27 July 1846. A branch from Bentley to Hadleigh was also authorised.
The I&BR was authorised to take additional capital of £550,000, and the Act permitted amalgamation with the Eastern Union Railway. Shareholders' meetings of both companies were held on 8 December 1846, and the amalgamation was approved, to take practical effect on 1 January 1847. The combined company would be called the Eastern Union Railway. The authorised capital of the I&BR was £1,266,666 and that of the (old) EUR was £400,000. However most of the I&BR capital had not yet been subscribed, so a complex capital structure in the new company had to be formulated. The arrangements were ratified by Act of 9 July 1847, and, after considerable delay, by the railway commissioners in February 1848.
The Railway Mania had expired suddenly, and in the slump that followed money was extremely difficult to come by, so that construction to Norwich was slow, not beginning until 1848.
Extension to Norwich
The building of the line on to Norwich provided a number of technical challenges, in particular another marshy stretch known as Thrandeston Bog, which was eventually overcome by the sinking of weighted faggots. The contractor's engine (probably "Skylark") reached Diss on 19 January 1849, amid considerable rejoicing: it was the first railway locomotive in Norfolk. Samuel Bignold, Mayor of Norwich, gave much practical and financial help to the construction.
The line was opened in stages: from Haughley to Finningham on 7 June 1848; Finningham to Burston on 2 July 1849, and a passenger service throughout to Burston started that day. On 3 November 1849 a special train for the directors reached Norwich, and on 7 November a full ceremonial opening run took place. Goods traffic throughout the line started on 3 December 1849, and full passenger operation followed on 12 December 1849.
The Norwich station was known as Norwich Victoria from the outset: the Eastern Counties Railway already had a major station, "Thorpe," in Norwich (by leasing the Norfolk Railway).
Opening Throughout to Norwich: The Public are respectfully informed that this Line of Railway will be opened throughout to the Victoria Station, Norwich, for the conveyance of passengers, goods, and live stock on Wednesday, the 12th instant. Particulars of Trains, Fares, Rates, &c., may be obtained on and after Monday, the 10th instant, at all the Company's Stations. J F Saunders, Secretary, Ipswich, Dec. 5th, 1849.
Victoria station was a terminus, and the Eastern Union wished to connect with the network controlled by the Eastern Counties Railway, to enable onward connections. The ECR had its own line from London to Norwich and did not regard the EUR as an ally, but a connecting line about a mile long was made to the ECR at Trowse Lower Junction, not far from the ECR Norwich terminus. At a gradient of 1 in 84 it was the steepest on the EUR system. It was used by special trains to Yarmouth races on 9 and 10 September 1851, although regular services did not start until 1 October. This was the last section of railway built by the EUR before takeover by the ECR. The hostility of the ECR was such that EUR locomotives were not permitted to enter ECR track; arriving trains for Thorpe station had to run round clear of the junction, and be propelled to that point for an ECR engine to couple and continue the journey.
The ECR later leased the EUR, and the City Corporation of Norwich insisted on a clause in the authorising Act of 1854, preventing the ECR from abandoning Victoria station so far as future passenger operation was concerned.
Hadleigh Branch
The market town of Hadleigh was at one time to be a junction on a Colchester to Bury line, giving access to an Ipswich branch. When the EUR line was actually built, interests in Hadleigh saw the possible disadvantage to trade in their town of not being on the railway network: Bentley was seven miles away. The nominally independent Eastern Union and Hadleigh Junction Railway (EU&HJR) was formed with the support of the EUR, and its authorising Act of Parliament was secured on 18 June 1846 to build a branch from Bentley to Hadleigh.
The branch was formally opened on 20 August 1847, and goods traffic started the following day; the ordinary public passenger service started on 2 September 1847. Amalgamation with the EUR had been intended throughout, and the act authorising it was passed on 8 June 1847 and formally completed on 20 October of that year.
Ipswich docks: Griffin Wharf and the Wet Dock
Ipswich had an important dock system; already before the railways it was important in serving the hinterland, and it was natural that the EUR wished to connect the docks. A line was completed from Halifax Junction running alongside the River Orwell to Griffin Wharf by mid-1846. In October 1847 the line was extended north alongside the New Cut to serve additional factory premises and wharves. Considerable volumes of imported (coastwise) coal were brought in through this line.
Ipswich Wet Dock was on the north-east side of the New Cut, and a railway connection to it was created by building eastwards from the area of the I&BR through station. This was completed in 1848, but it needed to cross the public road on the level near Stoke Bridge, and the Corporation of Ipswich objected to the use of steam traction crossing the road there; for many years horses were the only haulage on the dock lines. Ipswich Lower Goods Yard was constructed by the ECR on this line in 1860, and could be used by steam locomotives.
Harwich Branch
Harwich was an important port for ferries to the Netherlands and North Germany, and in 1836 a line was surveyed from Colchester to Harwich, but the scheme was not pursued. In 1841 the railway speculator John Attwood presented a bill to parliament in 1844, but his scheme failed.
It was the EUR which succeeded in getting a Parliamentary Act on 22 July 1847, authorising share capital of £200,000. Work started near Manningtree in October 1848. In the meantime the EUR was having difficulty funding its Norwich extension, and it considered using the £200,000 on that line rather than the Harwich branch. John Bagshaw, the MP for Harwich, objected violently, and took out an injunction to stop the EUR using the money for this purpose, but for the time being construction work was in abeyance. Work resumed in January 1853, and on 29 July 1854 the first train ran. The Board of Trade inspection was undertaken on 4 August, and the line opened fully on 15 August 1854. By this time the ECR had taken over operation of the EUR, so that the branch was operated by the ECR from the outset.
Woodbridge extension
In November 1846 both the EUR and I&BR proposed schemes to link Ipswich with Woodbridge, about 8 miles away. Both schemes were drawn up by Bruff and the EUR scheme involved a 1,000 yard tunnel under Ipswich reaching Woodbridge via Kesgrave and Martlesham. The I&BR scheme bill was passed on 9 July 1847, authorising share capital of £200,000.
In 1853 the East Suffolk Railway started to extend from Halesworth southwards towards Woodbridge and the EUR plans were amended to accommodate through running. The EUR was leased by the ECR on 7 August 1854, so it was under the ECR that the line was opened on 1 June 1859. That day the ECR also took over operations of the East Suffolk Railway.
The Stour Valley and The Hythe
The Colchester, Stour Valley, Sudbury and Halstead Railway was promoted in 1845 with Bruff as engineer. It was to be a 12-mile branch from a triangular junction at Marks Tey, 5 miles south of Colchester, to Sudbury, Suffolk, and from Chappel to Halstead. The authorising Act was passed on 26 June 1846 with share capital authorised at £250,000. In fact the Halstead branch was not built and the powers lapsed; they were revived by a separate company, the Colne Valley and Halstead Railway, which built the line later. The intended triangular junction at Marks Tey was also not built in that form; the junction was only made towards Colchester.
Another short line was built by the Colchester, Stour Valley, Sudbury and Halstead Railway: it was from a junction with the Eastern Counties at Colchester to The Hythe, where the Borough of Colchester owned a quay to and from which small sea-going ships used to make their way; this was opened on 31 March 1847. The company had running powers over the ECR between Marks Tey and Colchester. The CSVS&HR arranged to lease its line for 999 years to the Ipswich & Bury Railway; by the time this came into legal effect the I&BR and the EUR had amalgamated, so that the (new) EUR was the lessee. The annual rent was £9,500, ratified by act of Parliament of 7 June 1847.
The line is notable for the Chappel Viaduct over the Colne Valley at Chappel. Until 1982 it was the longest bridge in East Anglia, with a total of 32 arches of 30 ft span, and a maximum height of 74 ft above the River Colne. Designed by Bruff, it cost £21,000 to construct. It was built for double track, although only a single line was laid.
In June 1848 the I&BR were in talks with the EUR and the terms of the lease were rejected at first, but fear of an ECR takeover ensured that a deal was done. On 30 May 1849 a special train was run and after Board of trade approval was received trains started running on 2 July.
The Hythe Quay branch of miles opened to goods traffic only on 1 April 1847, using locomotives hired from the EUR. The first train carried coke and malt for Hanbury and Trumans brewery. A small goods station was established at Eastgate and in 1852 at Hythe in addition to the quay facilities. It was not until 1 March 1866 that the Tendring Hundred Railway extended the line to Wivenhoe and opened to passenger services; the route was later extended to Clacton and Walton-on-the-Naze.
Absorbed by the Eastern Counties Railway
During most of the EUR's existence, the ECR had adopted a hostile and obstructive strategy, and took advantage of the fact that the EUR was dependent on the ECR for running through to London and Norwich Thorpe. From time to time, through fares were unavailable, connectional arrangements at Colchester were disrupted. In the 1850s the EUR became increasingly vulnerable.
In November 1850 Cobbold presented a bill to Parliament requesting running powers to London, Lowestoft and Yarmouth all over ECR operated lines. Indeed, it seemed that through working of traffic would cease, although this was averted in March 1851. The EUR finances were in a serious state with considerable debts from building the Norwich extension, and operating costs had climbed to 60%. Cost cutting measures were adopted, but the impact of these was not significant in scale. In early 1851 the EUR directors discussed leasing their line to the ECR, but that company turned the proposals down.
Thomas Brassey joined the EUR board, and he was fundamental in negotiating the takeover of the EUR. In late 1853 negotiations with the ECR were resumed, and agreement was reached on 19 December 1853. The ECR was to take over the working of the EUR network from 1 January 1854. The arrangement was sanctioned by Act of 7 August 1854. This was a lease and working agreement, and the EUR remained an independent company until the formation of the Great Eastern Railway on 7 August 1862. Nevertheless 1854 marked the end of the EUR as an operating railway.
Locomotives
In June 1851 the EUR had 31 locomotives breaking down thus:
All locomotives carried a green livery and would have been maintained at Ipswich engine shed which at that time also functioned as the works facility for the EUR. The following locomotives were named:
1 - Colchester
2 - Ipswich
3 - City of Norwich
4 - Bury St Edmunds
5 - Orwell
6 - Stour
10 - Essex
11 - Suffolk
28 - Aerial's Girdle
Passenger train services in 1850
Weekday Down direction
In the down (from London) direction there were services from Colchester at 7:30 a.m. (all stations except Ardleigh and Claydon) to Norwich Victoria. The 10:50 a.m. departure to Norwich Victoria called all stations whilst the 1:10 p.m. omitted Ardleigh, Bramford, Claydon, Finningham, Burston and Flordon. The 3:30 p.m. was the last train from Colchester to Norwich and called all stations although Colchester departures at 8:05 p.m. called all stations to Ipswich whilst the following 10:49pm omitted to call at Bentley Junction on its way to Ipswich. This service also carried mail.
At Bentley Junction a connection from all the Norwich trains was available for the Hadleigh branch and connections to Bury St Edmunds were available from all the Colchester services at Haughley Junction although it is not clear whether these were through carriages or passengers had to change.
Weekday Up direction
In the up direction services departed Norwich Victoria at 7:20 and 11:10 in the morning and 4:15 and 5:30 in the afternoon. All of these services had connections from Bury St Edmunds although only three of them had connections at Bentley Junction. In the up direction there were also two early morning services from Ipswich to Colchester with the 1:20 a.m. mail train and the 7:00 a.m. giving a connection via the ECR to Liverpool Street arriving at 10:05 a.m.
Sunday services
There was one daily train between Colchester and Norwich (both directions) and three between Colchester and Ipswich. Hadleigh had no services on Sunday but it is not clear what the service to Bury St Edmunds was as it shows three services in the up direction and none in the down. This might be a printing error and the Ipswich starting trains may have started from Bury St Edmunds.
Topography
Location list during the lifetime of the Eastern Union Railway and the Ipswich and Bury Railway only; station names in bold are still open.
Colchester; junction with the Eastern Counties Railway;
Ardleigh;
Manningtree;
Bentley;
Ipswich Stoke Hill (EUR).
Halifax Junction;
Ipswich (I&BR station);
Bramford;
Claydon;
Needham; still open as Needham Market;
Stowmarket;
Haughley;
Finningham;
Mellis;
Diss;
Burston;
Tivetshall;
Forncett;
Flordon;
Swainsthorpe;
Trowse Upper Junction;
Norwich Victoria.
Haughley (above);
Elmswell;
Thurston;
Bury; still open as Bury St Edmunds.
Marks Tey; Eastern Counties Railway station;
Chappel; still open as Chappel and Wakes Colne;
Bures;
Sudbury.
Trowse Upper Junction; above;
Trowse Lower Junction; convergence with Norfolk Railway line to Thorpe station.
Notes
References
Early British railway companies
Railway lines opened in 1846
Railway companies disestablished in 1862
1846 establishments in England |
27799374 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valea%20S%C4%83la%C8%99elor | Valea Sălașelor | The Valea Sălașelor is a right tributary of the river Iara in Romania. It flows into the Iara in Moara de Pădure. Its length is and its basin size is .
References
Rivers of Romania
Rivers of Cluj County |
26360082 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Gorman | Charles Gorman | Charles Gorman may refer to:
Charles Gorman (actor) (1865–1928), American actor
Charles Gorman (speed skater) (1897–1940), Canadian speed skater
Buddy Gorman (Charles J. Gorman, 1921–2010), American actor
See also
Charlie Gorman (disambiguation) |
66088612 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHL%20Powerplay%2098 | NHL Powerplay 98 | NHL Powerplay 98 is a sports video game developed by Radical Entertainment and published by Virgin Interactive and Sega for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation, and Sega Saturn in 1997. It is the sequel to NHL Powerplay '96; there was no "'97" entry in the NHL Powerplay series. After Virgin opted not to release the game for the Sega Saturn, Sega acquired the rights and published the Saturn version under the title NHL All-Star Hockey 98 so as to make it a continuation of Sega's own NHL All-Star Hockey series.
Development
The game was showcased at E3 1997.
Reception
NHL Powerplay 98 received a variety of reviews, with critics expressing differing opinions on a number of points. For example, while IGN, GamePro, and John Ricciardi of Electronic Gaming Monthly (EGM) all praised the player animations for their fluid movements and variety of realistic moves, Kraig Kujawa and Dean Hager (also of EGM), as well as Ryan MacDonald of GameSpot, complained that the animations are too choppy. Likewise, while Dan Hsu of EGM and MacDonald both considered the graphics to be bottom tier, Kujawa, Hager, IGN, GamePro, and Glenn Rubenstein all found them exceptionally good, especially the player models.
Reviewers widely complimented the player A.I., while the most strongly emphasized criticism of the game was the slow play speed. EGM were particularly vehement about this in their review of the Saturn version, characterizing it as a fatal flaw in an otherwise well-made game; Ricciardi said that "it almost seems like the game is running in some sort of slow motion." McDonald (reviewing the PlayStation version) and GamePro (reviewing the Saturn version) instead argued that the game fails to excel in any category and, while an overall solid outing, would not compete well against upcoming hockey games such as NHL 98. However, GamePros review of the PlayStation version gave it a positive recommendation, saying it "brings a fast and fluid game to the rink with nice graphics, solid control, and authentic sounds", even though the reviews were both written by the same critic and did not note any differences between the two versions.
Rubenstein (reviewing the Saturn version) also gave the game a positive assessment, though a more reserved one: "If you like the sport, you'll enjoy this game; the 3D graphics are smooth (although there is a noticeable slowdown at times), the play control is solid, and the laundry list of features adds to the realism." IGNs recommendation was still more tentative: "The link between polygons and gameplay has yet to be made, but NHL Powerplay '98 makes a nice attempt. If you really want a hockey game for your PlayStation, this one is probably your best bet for now."
The PC version held a 71% on the review aggregation website GameRankings based on four reviews, and the PlayStation version held a 69% based on five reviews.
Notes
References
External links
1997 video games
Hockey video games
National Hockey League video games
PlayStation (console) games
Radical Entertainment games
Sega Saturn games
Sega video games
Video game sequels
Video games developed in Canada
Video games scored by Graig Robertson
Virgin Interactive games
Windows games |
19899760 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowa%20Wie%C5%9B%2C%20Gmina%20Nowy%20Dunin%C3%B3w | Nowa Wieś, Gmina Nowy Duninów | Nowa Wieś is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Duninów, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
References
Villages in Płock County |
37073428 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Strete | Henry Strete | Henry Strete (by 1481 – 1535/36) was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Plymouth in 1510.
References
15th-century births
1536 deaths
Members of the Parliament of England for Plymouth
English MPs 1510 |
2462456 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reg%20Butler | Reg Butler | Reginald Cotterell Butler (28 April 1913 – 23 October 1981) was an English sculptor. He was born at Bridgefoot House, Buntingford, Hertfordshire to Frederick William Butler (1880–1937) and Edith (1880–1969), daughter of blacksmith William Barltrop, of The Forge, Takeley, Essex. His parents were the Master and Matron of the Buntingford Union Workhouse. Frederick Butler, formerly a police constable, was a relative of the poet William Butler Yeats; Edith was of Anglo-French descent.
Butler studied and lectured at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London from 1937 to 1939. He was a conscientious objector during the Second World War, being exempted from military service conditional upon setting up a small blacksmith business repairing farm implements. After winning the 'Unknown Political Prisoner' competition in 1953 he became one of the best known sculptors during the 1950s and 1960s, and also taught at the Slade School of Art.
Butler's later work consists of lifelike models of female figures, such as Girl on a Round Base, that have something in common with Hans Bellmer and the sculpture of Allen Jones and prefigure the work of Ron Mueck.
Many of his works are held by the Museum of Modern Art in New York City and Tate Gallery in London.
Butler was featured in the 1964 documentary film, "5 British Sculptors (Work and Talk)", by American filmmaker Warren Forma.
Butler married Joan Child in 1938; by his second wife, Rosemary (née Young; 1930–2019), a sculptor, who had been his student and later assistant, he had a son, Creon Adrian John Cotterell Butler, later a diplomat, and daughter, Cortina Maxine Ann Cotterell Butler, a director of literature for the British Council.
He died in Berkhamsted.
Notes
External links
- a short film of Reg Butler shot at his Berkhamsted studio
1913 births
1981 deaths
British conscientious objectors
Geometry of Fear
20th-century British sculptors
British male sculptors
People from Buntingford |
37899973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciszek%20Fesser | Franciszek Fesser | Franciszek Fesser (born 16 August 1885 in Rogi, died 23 October 1956 in Piotrowice (Katowice), was a Polish miner, union activist, Upper Silesian politician, insurgent, and deputy of the Silesian Parliament from 1930-1939.
Biography
During his youth Fesser worked as a miner in the "Cleopas" mine. In 1918 he joined the Polish Military Organisation in his home district of Opole, where he took part in the 1921 plebiscite in Upper Silesia and the Silesian Uprisings against German rule. When the eastern part of Silesia came under Polish control in 1922, he continued to participate in national-patriotic organisations, including the Association of Silesian Insurgents and the Union for the Defence of the Western Borderlands. Fesser was active in the trade union movement, and helped to organise the Trade Union of the Mining Industry under the Union of Trade Unions. In 1926, he became involved in the National Christian Labour Union, and was elected as a deputy to the third Silesian Parliament in 1930. During this first term, he was a member of the Commission of Labour and Social Welfare, and in 1935 he was re-elected to the fourth Silesian Parliament. During this time, he was Vice-Chairman of the Commission of Labour and Social Welfare, and also worked in the Local Authority, Regulations and Budget and Taxes Commissions. In the 1930s Fesser was also a deputy chief of the Piotrowice municipality, and was the last deputy chief until the beginning of World War II.
During the German occupation of Poland, Fesser lived in central Poland. After the war ended in 1945, Fesser returned to Silesia, however did not return to political life due to illness. Fesser died in Katowice-Piotrowice in October 1956.
References
Henryk Rechowicz, Sejm Śląski 1922–39, Katowice 1971, p. 333
Wanda Musialik, Górnoślązacy w parlamentach II Rzeczypospolitej (1919–1939), Opole 2004, p. 163, 168
Urząd Gminy, Piotrowice Katowice
Polish Military Organisation members
People from Katowice
Polish coal miners
Sanacja politicians
Polish trade unionists
Members of Silesian Parliament
People from the Province of Silesia
Second Polish Republic
1885 births
1956 deaths |
14715427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unterwei%C3%9Fenbach | Unterweißenbach | Unterweißenbach is a municipality in the district of Freistadt in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.
Population
References
Cities and towns in Freistadt District |
21575264 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niala%2C%20Mali | Niala, Mali | Niala is a small town and commune in the Cercle of Bla in the Ségou Region of Mali. In 1998 the commune had a population of 7667.
References
Communes of Ségou Region |
23184048 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shay%27s%20Bones%20and%20Biscuits | Shay's Bones and Biscuits | Shay's Bones and Biscuits was a company that sold dog treats, founded by 11-year-old Shay Hammond in 2004. Shay was inspired to found the company by her dog, Pancake, to whom she used to feed homemade treats. The company was fairly small scale, with an annual revenue of about $200, however, as a result of her founding of the company Hammond was awarded $1000 by NFTE.
The company traded online and in retail outlets in Kentucky, but it has since been discontinued, as Hammond was too busy with school activities to continue it.
History
The company was founded in 2004 by Shay Hammond and received a fair bit of media coverage during its first year, mainly due to Hammond being 11 at the time of founding. Hammond also received multiple awards and recognitions for the founding, she was awarded $1,000 in the 2006 after winning the Kentucky NFTE "Young Entrepreneur of the Year" award, and in 2007 she was recognized with a Guardian Life Insurance "Girls Going Places" award for entrepreneurship in general. Hammond was also interviewed on ABC News "Money Matters" which aired on live television 2 days before the NFTE event in 2006.
Two years after founding the company Hammond had hopes for it, and said she wished to start mass-producing her treats and to open a retail location. After taking an entrepreneurship class sponsored by the University of Kentucky, which is in addition to her NFTE sponsored class, she continued selling her dog treats up until her freshman year of highschool. She says that it was hard for her to obtain a large custom, with the majority of people casting a skeptical eye over her company. Hammond no longer runs Shay's Bones and Biscuits, as it became to difficult for her to manage along with school and multiple afterschool activities.
Products
The biscuits were made in two flavors: Mutter Butter and Chicken Lickin', or Peanut Butter and Chicken respectively. The ingredients were all-natural, and founder Hammond mentioned that dipping the products in cheese was popular.
References
External links
Hammond Featured in the time for kids magazine, 2006
A news article detailing the early days of Bones and Biscuits
Fox new report on Entrepreneurial Spirit Awards Dinner
Hammond's profile at NFTE.com
A Gear-Up Kentucky article outlining Shay's Bones and Biscuits
Click Finalists to see Shay Hammond
Article outlining Shay's Bones and Biscuits
Food and drink companies established in 2004
Defunct companies based in Kentucky |
41336724 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catch%20My%20Smoke | Catch My Smoke | Catch My Smoke is a 1922 American silent Western film directed by William Beaudine, based on the novel Shoe-bar Stratton by Joseph Bushnell Ames. It stars
Tom Mix, Lillian Rich, and Claude Payton.
Plot
As described in a film magazine, Bob Stratton (Mix) returns from France after two years and finds his ranch in strange hands. In order to get to the bottom of affairs, he takes a job there. Mary Thorne (Rich) is running the ranch, left to her by her father who was the executor of Bob's will and, thinking Bob had bedn killed in World War I, had appropriated the place for himself. Mary's father had been mysteriously killed, and she has engaged Tex Lynch as her foreman. Tex knows the ranch has oil under it and tries to force Mary to sell it. She is captured and taken to a deserted mine, but Bob arrives on scene to affect a rescue. Together they ride back together and Bob's horse Tony approves of their match.
Cast
Tom Mix as Bob Stratton
Lillian Rich as Mary Thorne
Claude Payton as Tex Lynch
Gordon Griffith as Bub Jessup
Harry Griffith as Al Draper
Robert Milasch as Frank Hurd
Pat Chrisman as Joe Bloss
C.E. Anderson as Sheriff
Ruby Lafayette as Mrs. Archer
Tony the Horse (uncredited)
Status
The film's status is unknown, meaning that it may be lost.
See also
Tom Mix filmography
References
External links
1922 films
1922 Western (genre) films
American films
American black-and-white films
Films directed by William Beaudine
Fox Film films
Silent American Western (genre) films |
41008150 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo%20Borja | Arturo Borja | Arturo Borja Pérez (1892 – November 13, 1912) was an Ecuadorian poet who was part of a group known as the "Generación decapitada" (Decapitated Generation). He was the first in the group to excel as a modernist poet. He did not produce a lot of poetry, but the small amount of poetry he produced showed great quality. He published twenty poems in a book titled La flauta de ónix, and six other poems were published posthumously. The group is called "decapitada", or decapitated, because all its members committed suicide at a young age.
Biography
Borja was born in Quito in 1892, a direct descendant of the third Duke of Gandía. His father, Luis Felipe Borja Perez, sent him to Paris to treat a disease in his eye when he was just entering adolescence.
Borja quickly mastered the French language. Soon he began to read the Symbolist poets, especially Baudelaire and Verlaine. His favorite verses were from Mallarmé, Samain, Baudelaire, Rimbaud, etc.
With respect to his relationship with the other poets of the Decapitated Generation, he was great friends of Humberto Fierro and Ernesto Noboa y Caamaño, with whom he had considerable correspondence during his life. Although he never met Medardo Ángel Silva in person, he professed a great admiration for him and dedicated to him the poem, "El árbol del bien y del mal" (The Tree of Good and Evil).
Borja married Carmen Rosa Sánchez Destruge on October 15, 1912. He dedicated the poems “Por el camino de las quimeras” and “En el blanco cementerio” to Carmen.
In a few years, the happiness he felt as a youth dissipated and he developed a desperate melancholy which was evident in his poems. He longed for death, and committed suicide in Quito on November 13, 1912, when he was only 20 years old. He died of a morphine overdose.
The Decapitated Generation
The "Generación decapitada" (Decapitated Generation) was a literary group formed by four young Ecuadorian poets in the first decades of the 20th century. Two men from Guayaquil, Medardo Ángel Silva and Ernesto Noboa y Caamaño, and two men from Quito, Arturo Borja and Humberto Fierro, were the precursors of modernismo in Ecuador. These four writers were greatly influenced by the modernist movement of Rubén Darío and by 19th-century French romantic poetry. They read this poetry in its original language, by authors including Baudelaire, Hugo, Rimbaud, and Verlaine. This group is called "decapitada" because all of them committed suicide at a young age. Though they knew each other and dedicated poems to each other, they never met together to create a true literary group. The term "generación decapitada" originated in the middle of the 20th century, when Ecuadorian journalists and historians decided to name them, noting similarities in the authors' poetry.
The Song “Para mí tu recuerdo”
His poem "Para mí tu recuerdo" (For Me Your Memory) was made into a pasillo song by composer Miguel Ángel Casares Viteri, and sung by vocalists such as Carlota Jaramillo and Bolívar “El Pollo” Ortiz.
References
1892 births
1912 suicides
20th-century poets
Ecuadorian poets
Arturo
People from Quito
Drug-related suicides in Ecuador |
66014462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis%20Neef | Francis Neef | Francis Neef (1770-1854) was an educational reformer and pedagogue, who founded the first Pestalozzian school in the United States and published the first book in English on teaching method there.
Life
Francis Joseph Nicholas Neef was born in 1770 in Alsace, and grew up speaking both French and German. Intending at first to enter the priesthood, he also learned Latin, Greek, and Italian, but was inspired by the French Revolution to join the French army in 1791. While recovering from wounds received in 1796, Neef read the works of Swiss educationist Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi. Pestalozzi's ideals of achieving equality and liberty through educational reform appealed to Neef, who was inspired to become a teacher.
In 1800, Pestalozzi opened a school in Burgdorf, Switzerland, which broke with European and American traditions of rote learning and recitation, focusing instead on allowing children to pursue their curiosity. His method called for the creation of a nurturing environment, in which children were able to learn and develop at their own pace, led by the teacher. Neef visited the school, and was hired as a language teacher. After three years of training, he was sent to Paris to open a school there.
In 1805, geologist and philanthropist William Maclure visited the school in Paris, and offered to pay the salary of a teacher who would open a Pestalozzian school in the United States. Neef accepted, spending two years learning English before opening his school outside Philadelphia. The school, five miles out of the city, emphasised time spent outside and exercise. In the same year, he published Sketch of a Plan and Method of Education...Suitable for the Offspring of a Free People, and for All Rational Beings (1808). The book explained the Pestalozzian method, which was grounded in observation and discussion.
In 1812, Neef was elected to the Academy of Natural Sciences. In 1813, the school was moved to Delaware, and the following year to Kentucky. In 1823, Neef travelled on the "Boatload of Knowledge" to Robert Owen's settlement at New Harmony, Indiana. In 1826, Owen invited Neef to New Harmony to run the school there, which he accepted. After the failure of the New Harmony experiment, Neef established a school in Cincinnati, returning to New Harmony in 1834.
Francis Neef died in 1854.
References
1770 births
1854 deaths
American educational theorists |
18667294 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smolniki%2C%20Podlaskie%20Voivodeship | Smolniki, Podlaskie Voivodeship | Smolniki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rutka-Tartak, within Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Lithuania. It lies approximately south of Wiżajny, north of Suwałki, and north of the regional capital Białystok.
Until 31 December 2009 it was a part of gmina Wiżajny.
References
Villages in Suwałki County |
46974185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Math%C3%ADas%20Su%C3%A1rez | Mathías Suárez | Mathías Sebastián Suárez Suárez (born 24 June 1996) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Montevideo City Torque, on loan from French Ligue 1 club Montpellier.
Club career
On 2 January 2019, Suárez officially signed with Montpellier HSC until July 2023. Suárez made his debut on 3 February 2019 against Nîmes. He was substituted at the half time break due to an injury. After a clash with Nîmes goalkeeper Paul Bernardoni, he broke three ribs and the estimated injury time was four weeks.
International career
Suárez made his debut for Uruguay national football team on 16 November 2018 in a friendly against Brazil, as a starter.
Personal life
Suárez is the younger brother of Getafe right-back Damián Suárez.
Career statistics
International
Honours
Uruguay U22
Pan American Games: 2015
References
External links
1996 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Montevideo
Association football defenders
Uruguayan footballers
Uruguay youth international footballers
Uruguay under-20 international footballers
Uruguay international footballers
Uruguayan Primera División players
Ligue 1 players
Defensor Sporting players
Montpellier HSC players
Montevideo City Torque players
2015 South American Youth Football Championship players
Pan American Games gold medalists for Uruguay
Footballers at the 2015 Pan American Games
Pan American Games medalists in football
Medalists at the 2015 Pan American Games
Uruguayan expatriate footballers
Uruguayan expatriates in France
Expatriate footballers in France |
40605906 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liam%20Payne | Liam Payne | Liam James Payne (born 29 August 1993) is an English singer and songwriter. He rose to fame as a member of the boy band One Direction. Payne made his debut as a singer in 2008 when he auditioned for the British television series The X Factor. After being eliminated in the competition, he auditioned again in 2010 and was put into a group with four other contestants to form One Direction, which went on to become one of the best-selling boy bands of all time. Payne worked with other producers under the monikers "Big Payno" and "Payno" creating remixes for songs by his group and Cheryl.
After One Direction's hiatus, Payne signed a recording deal with Republic Records in North America. In May 2017, Payne released "Strip That Down" as the lead single from his debut album. It peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart and number ten on the US Billboard Hot 100, being certified platinum in both countries. His debut album, LP1, was released in December 2019. He has sold over 18 million singles in just two years since One Direction and over 3.9 billion career streams in that span.
Early life
Liam James Payne was born at New Cross Hospital, in the Heath Town district of Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England. He is the son of Karen Payne, an infant nurse, and Geoff Payne, a fitter. He has two older sisters, Nicola and Ruth Payne. Payne was born three weeks early, getting ill frequently. Until the age of four, Payne had regular tests done in hospital as doctors noticed one of his kidneys was scarred and dysfunctional. To help cope with the pain, he had sixteen injections in his arm every morning and another sixteen every evening as a child. As a student, Payne was heavily involved in sports, particularly cross country running. Payne originally joined the Wolverhampton and Bilston Athletics Club to pursue his running career. Payne claimed in an interview that he was '3rd best in the country at one point'.
As he was dealing with bullying from some older students in secondary school, he took up boxing lessons at the age of twelve. Payne completed 11 GCSEs at St Peter's Collegiate School before moving on to study music technology at Wolverhampton College's Paget Road campus.
Payne was first introduced to the world of show business at age twelve as a member of the Pink Productions Theatre Company, even appearing as Tony Manero from Saturday Night Fever. Payne had previously performed in front of a crowd of 26,000 during a Wolverhampton Wanderers football match.
Career
2008–2015: The X-Factor and One Direction
Payne first auditioned for the fifth series of The X Factor in 2008, at just 14 years old, in front of judges Simon Cowell, Cheryl Cole, Dannii Minogue and Louis Walsh. Payne moved past the first round after performing Frank Sinatra's "Fly Me to the Moon". He was subsequently cut at the Boot Camp stage, but Cowell then changed his mind and asked Payne to return for the judges' houses stage. Payne was cut again during judges' houses, but was encouraged by Cowell to "come back in two years".
Payne returned to the show in 2010 for the seventh series, auditioning in front of Cowell, Cole, Walsh and guest judge Natalie Imbruglia. He sang the Michael Bublé version of "Cry Me a River", which earned him four yeses and a standing ovation from Cowell. Payne was considered the second favourite to win the competition following his solo audition. He failed to progress to the "Boys" category at judges' houses, but after a suggestion by guest judge Nicole Scherzinger, Payne, along with Harry Styles, Niall Horan, Louis Tomlinson, and Zayn Malik, were put together to form a five-piece boy band at Wembley Arena, during the bootcamp stage of the competition, thus qualifying for the "Groups" category. Subsequently, the group got together for two weeks to get to know each other and to practice. For their qualifying song at Judges' houses, and their first song as a group, they performed an acoustic version of "Torn". Cowell later commented that the performance convinced him that the group "were confident, fun, like a gang of friends, and kind of fearless as well." The group quickly gained popularity in the UK, ultimately coming in third place on the show.
Following The X Factor, One Direction were signed to Simon Cowell's Syco Entertainment. A book licensed by One Direction, One Direction: Forever Young (Our Official X Factor Story), was released in February 2011 and topped The Sunday Times Best Seller list. Their debut single, "What Makes You Beautiful", was released in September 2011, and was a commercial and international success, reaching number one in several countries. Their debut album, Up All Night, was released in Ireland and the UK of November of that same year, charting at number one and number two, respectively. The album was released worldwide in March 2012, and One Direction became the first UK group to have their debut album reach number one in the United States. Following the release of the album, the group headlined the Up All Night Tour. Originally intended with shows taking place only in the UK and Ireland, Australian and North American legs of the tour were added due to demand. A commercial success, tickets for the tour sold out in minutes and garnered positive reviews from critics who applauded the band's singing abilities and stage presence. The band released Up All Night: The Live Tour, a video album documenting the tour, in May 2012. That same month, One Direction's first book to be licensed in America, Dare to Dream: Life as One Direction, was published and topped The New York Times Best Seller list.
In September 2012, "Live While We're Young", the lead single from the group's second album, was released, and was a global success. Another single, "Little Things", spawned the band's second number one single in the UK. In November 2012, the group released their second album, Take Me Home, and it reached number one in over 35 countries. Reaching number one on the Billboard 200, the group became the first boy band in US chart history to record two number-one albums in the same calendar year alongside becoming the first group since 2008 to record two number-one albums in the same year. Following the release of the album, the group embarked on their second headlining concert tour, the Take Me Home Tour. Performing 123 shows in North America, Asia, Oceania, and Europe, grossing $114 million. During the tour, One Direction covered Wheatus's "Teenage Dirtbag". In the original song lead vocalist Brendan Brown performs a segment in a "female voice" which, in One Direction's rendition of the song Payne covered in falsetto. This garnered praise from Brown, who commented, "You can do my girl part anytime." In August 2013, One Direction: This Is Us, a 3-D documentary concert film was released, accumalting a box office gross of $68.5 million. One Direction's third book, One Direction: Where We Are: Our Band, Our Story: 100% Official, was released that same month.
The group's third album, Midnight Memories, was released in November of that same year. It was the best-selling album worldwide in 2013 with 4 million copies sold globally. The album's lead single, Best Song Ever, is their highest charting single in the US to date. The group embarked on their third headling tour, the Where We Are Tour. Tickets sold out in minutes, and more shows were added due to "overwhelming demand." The tour was their first all-stadium tour, averaging 49,848 fans per show. In total, the tour grossed over $290 million and was the highest-grossing tour of 2014, the 15th highest-grossing concert tour of all time, and is still the highest-grossing tour of all time by a vocal group. The tour was attended by 3.4 million fans. In September 2014, One Direction's fourth book, One Direction: Who We Are: Our Official Autobiography was released. The group's second concert film, One Direction: Where We Are – The Concert Film, was released in October 2014, showing footage of the band's shows at San Siro Stadium in Milan, Italy. In November 2014, the group's fourth album, Four, was released, making it the last album to include Zayn Malik. Singles "Steal My Girl" and "Night Changes" were released, both achieving platinum status in the US among other countries. The album debuted number one in 18 countries, selling 3.2 million copies. One Direction became the only group in the 58-year history of the Billboard 200 albums chart to have their first four albums debut at number one. The group embarked on their fourth headlining world tour, the On the Road Again Tour, grossing $208 million and selling 2.3 million tickets. In November 2015, One Direction's fifth album, Made in the A.M., was released. Singles "Drag Me Down" and "Perfect" both debuted at number one in various countries, and the album reached number one in the UK and number two on the US Billboard 200. Following the release of the album, the group went on an indefinite hiatus.
Following the departure of former member Zayn Malik, Payne was tasked with taking over the bulk of Malik's vocals. Bandmate Harry Styles admitted, "Liam [Payne] stepped up to do the high notes. He kicks them in the bollocks every show. He doesn't hold back."
Payne was known as one of the principal songwriters in One Direction, credited for co-writing more than half of the songs on the band's third and fourth album.
2016–present: Solo projects and LP1
Payne began working as a producer under the monikers "Big Payno" or "Payno", teaming up with fellow producers AfterHrs to remix several tracks including Cheryl Cole's "I Don't Care" in 2014. Some EDM websites noted Payne's remixes were venturing into future house. Payne is also credited with writing Cole's "I Won't Break", off her album Only Human.
In August 2014, Payne created and became director of Hampton Music Limited, a publishing company under which his solo projects will appear. Australian band 5 Seconds of Summer is signed to One Mode Productions Limited, on which Payne serves as one of the directors.
Payne began working on future projects collaborating with Juicy J on seven tracks with more in the works, DJ Mustard, and Miguel. He has also been in the studio with producer and performing artist Pharrell Williams. Payne also contacted The Collective member and YouTube musician and producer Will Singe.
In 2015, Payne collaborated with songwriter Jamie Scott on Irish band Hometown's single "The Night We Met". In early 2016, Payne featured on a track titled "You" by Wiz Khalifa and Juicy J. Payne denied that the track was a single, but it was confirmed to be a leak from an untitled, unreleased mixtape.
In October 2016, it was announced that Payne had signed a recording contract with Republic Records. His debut solo single "Strip That Down", featuring Quavo and co-written with Ed Sheeran and Steve Mac, was released on 19 May 2017, and sent to US contemporary hit radio on 23 May. The song was a commercial success, reaching number ten on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number three on the UK Singles Chart. Payne later released the single "Bedroom Floor" and a collaboration with Zedd, "Get Low". Regarding his forthcoming debut album, Payne stated:
In January 2018, Payne and Rita Ora released the single "For You" from the soundtrack of the film Fifty Shades Freed. In April 2018, Payne released "Familiar" with J Balvin. He announced his debut album would be released on 14 September 2018.
On 30 March 2018, Payne performed in front of more than 100,000 people during a free concert at Global Village 2018 in Dubai. He released his first extended play, First Time, which features a collaboration with French Montana of the same name, on 24 August 2018. Prior to the EP's release, Payne announced that he is putting off his album to make some adjustments to it. He contributed vocals on Jonas Blue's song "Polaroid", along with Lennon Stella, released on 5 October 2018. Payne announced he became the first global brand ambassador for German brand Hugo Boss in May 2019. The first Hugo x Liam Payne capsule collection was revealed during Berlin Fashion Week in July 2020.
Payne released the song "Stack It Up", featuring American rapper A Boogie wit da Hoodie, on 18 September 2019. After its release, Payne revealed that his album is "finished" and would more likely released in 2020, although in October, the album, LP1, was confirmed for a 6 December 2019 release date. He released "All I Want (For Christmas)" on October 25 as the first track from the album. It was released to mixed to negative reviews, and debuted at number 17 on the UK Albums Chart and number 111 on the Billboard 200. In January 2020, Payne starred in the Hugo Boss fragrance campaign for their perfume Hugo Now. In April 2020, Payne collaborated with Alesso and released the song "Midnight" to positive reviews. That same month, Payne began a weekly YouTube series. His second capsule collection with Hugo Boss was launched in May 2020. The collection, which mainly consists of men's wardrobes, includes polo shirts, T-shirts, shorts, hoodies, sweatpants and a pair of sneakers. In July, he announced he would be launching The LP Show, a livestream series, with "Act 1" being a livestreamed concert. On 30 October 2020, Payne released "Naughty List", a Christmas single featuring Dixie D'Amelio.
Artistry
Liam Payne is a pop and R&B singer who explores other genres like electronic.
He cites Chris Brown, Pharrell Williams, Justin Timberlake, and Usher as major musical influences. "The person who has inspired me most is Pharrell Williams who I worked with a while back. I got talking to his producer recently and asked him what Pharrell was like when he was younger, and he said to me that when he was my age he couldn't press a note on a keyboard. And that was amazing to me because at 22 I thought I was too old to learn guitar," revealed Payne.
Philanthropy
As a member of One Direction, Payne has also supported Comic Relief, and a new initiative titled Action 1D "to help better the future".
Payne is an avid supporter of UNICEF and teamed up with tennis star Andy Murray, Jack Whitehall and Clare Balding in support of UNICEF UK's Children in Danger Summer Disease Appeal. Payne teamed up with motorsport star Eddie Jordan in support of UK based charity CLIC Sargent. Payne is an ambassador for the charitable organisation Trekstock. Payne's original campaign with the organisation in 2013 raised $784,198. He raised an additional $211,237 during his campaign in 2015. Payne has also been named an ambassador of Sustainable Development Goals also known as the Global Goals campaign. Payne also gave a much needed push to a £6 million youth project "The Youth Zone" in his hometown of Wolverhampton.
Payne is pro-choice. In May 2019, amidst anti-abortion legislations passed in Alabama, Payne stated that they are "completely taking away the rights of women and the ownership of the bodies that belong to them" and that "us as men never have to go through that so how can we even comment or decide what women should or shouldn't go through," also adding "here was me thinking it was supposed to be the land of the free it all looks very tied up from where I'm standing."
In May 2020, Payne expressed support for the Black Lives Matter movement and encouraged fans to educate themselves and donate. He attended London Black Lives Matter protests.
Personal life
From 2010 to late 2012, Payne dated then-X Factor dancer, Danielle Peazer. From 2013 to 2015, Payne was in a relationship with childhood friend, Sophia Smith. In 2016, Payne started dating Cheryl; they have one son (b. 22 March 2017). They split in 2018. In early 2019, Payne dated British model and actress Naomi Campbell.
Payne began dating model Maya Henry in 2019, and they announced their engagement in August 2020. In June 2021, Payne announced they had ended their relationship. The couple got back together later that year.
Payne's net worth is estimated at £47 million. Payne previously owned homes in Malibu, California and Surrey, but listed them both for sale in early 2020 and 2021, respectively. He currently rents a seven-bedroom mansion in Buckinghamshire.
Payne is a supporter of the football team West Bromwich Albion.
Discography
Studio albums
LP1 (2019)
Extended plays
First Time (2018)
Filmography
Awards and nominations
References
External links
1993 births
21st-century English singers
British contemporary R&B singers
Capitol Records artists
English male singers
English pop singers
English songwriters
Living people
One Direction members
Musicians from the West Midlands (county)
Republic Records artists
The X Factor (British TV series) contestants
People from Wolverhampton |
29359051 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udema | Udema | An udema (), also udenma, was a type of warship built for the Swedish archipelago fleet in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It was developed for warfare in the Archipelago Sea in the Baltic and along the coasts of Svealand and Finland against the Russian navy. The udema was designed by the prolific naval architect Fredrik Henrik af Chapman for use in an area of mostly shallow waters and groups of islands and islets that extend from Stockholm all the way to the Gulf of Finland.
The udema was of an innovative new design with a single line of guns along the ship's centerline, a foreshadowing of the dreadnought battleships of the early 20th century. The design proved impractical for its time, however, and only three udemas were built between 1760 and 1776.
Background
In the early 18th century, the establishment of Russian naval power in the Baltic challenged the interests of Sweden, one of the major powers in the Baltic. The Swedish empire at the time included territory in Northern Germany, all of modern Finland and most of the Baltic states, a dominion held together by the Baltic sea routes. Russian Tsar Peter the Great had established a new capital and naval base in Saint Petersburg in 1703. During the Great Northern War Sweden lost its Baltic state territories, and suffered from Russian raiding in Finland and along the chain of islands and archipelagos that stretched all the way from the Gulf of Finland to the capital of Stockholm. The Swedes began building inshore flotillas of shallow-draft vessels, beginning with smaller versions of the traditional Mediterranean warships, the galleys. Most of these were more akin to galiots and were complemented with gun prams. The disastrous war with Russia(1741–43) and the minor involvement in Prussia in the Seven Years' War (1757–62) showed the need for further expansion and development of the inshore flotillas with more specialized vessels.
Traditional galleys were effective as troop transports for amphibious operations, but were severely under-gunned, especially in relation to their large crews; a galley with a 250-man crew, most of whom were rowers, would typically be armed with only one 24-pounder cannon and two 6-pounders, all in the bow. However, they were undecked and lacked adequate shelter for the rower-soldiers, great numbers of which succumbed to illness in the war of 1741–43. The Swedish military invested heavily in an "archipelago fleet" (skärgårdsflottan), a separate branch of the armed forces that organizationally belonged to the army. In 1756, it was even officially designated Arméns flotta, "Navy of the Army". It was in many ways a highly independent organization that attracted a social and cultural elite and enjoyed the protection of Gustav III after his 1772 coup that empowered him as an absolute monarch.
Several new ships were designed by the naval architect Fredrik Henrik af Chapman to bolster the hitting-power of the new Swedish maritime forces, to provide it with better naval defense and to improve its fire support capabilities during amphibious operations. The result was four new vessels that combined the maneuverability of oar-powered galleys with the superior rigs and more comfortable living conditions of sailing ships: the udema, pojama, turuma and hemmema, named after the Finnish regions of Uusimaa ("Uudenmaan" in genitive form), Pohjanmaa, Turunmaa and Hämeenmaa (Tavastia). All four have been referred to as skärgårdsfregatter, "archipelago frigates", in Swedish and English historical literature, though the smaller udema and pojama were also described as "archipelago corvettes" originally.
Design
The first udema was built in 1760 and had two masts (mainmast and foremast) that were originally rigged with lateen sails. It was later provided with a square sail rig similar to that of a polacca bark without topgallant sails. It had a low hull with a small quarterdeck structure and an arrangement of guns that was unique for its time. Its main armament consisted of a single line of eight 12-pound guns along the centerline of the ship and two 12-pounders in the bow facing forwards. The centerline guns used pivoting carriages that could be rotated 360 degrees and aimed to either side of the ship, similar to the main guns of the dreadnought battleships of the 20th century.
The first udema Gamla was c. 30 m (100 ft) long and with a draft of 1.5 m (5 ft). The later udemas, Torborg and Ingeborg, carried a mizzen mast, and were both longer and wider, 37 m (121 ft) long and almost 9 m (29 ft) wide with a draft of just over 3 m (10 ft). Torborg, built in 1772, had three additional 12-pounders, eleven in the centerline and two in the bow facing forwards, housed under a decked superstructure with gun ports, but with the rowing seats left undecked. This arrangement proved to be less successful with reports about problems with splintering and lingering gunpowder smoke. She was also a poor sailer and slow under oars, earning the udema a poor reputation.
The Ingeborg, built in 1776, had an eight-12-pounder centerline armament which was open to the elements, but two heavy 18-pounders in the bow and two 6-pounder chase guns in the stern. The rowing benches with room for three men per bench were on either side of the centerline battery, but had to swing forwards and outwards to allow the guns to pivot to either side.
For additional maneuverability, the udema carried 14 to 18 pairs of oars. Rowers sat on the weather deck on either side of the main armament with the oar ports placed on a rectangular outrigger which improved their leverage. However, they were positioned on either side of the centerline battery and could not row under fire; in action, the udema had to rely on its sails for propulsion.
The concept of hybrid frigates with oar propulsion capabilities was not new. Small "galleasses" had been built for the English Tudor navy as early as the mid-16th century. The Royal Navy, its successor, later equipped the equivalent of sixth rates with oar ports on or below the gundeck as early as the 1660s. "Shebecks", Baltic variations on the Mediterranean xebecs, had been introduced in the Russian navy for inshore duties during the 18th century. Both of these have been suggested as possible inspirations for af Chapman's new designs.
Service
Only three udemas were built for the Swedish navy. Russian ship builders copied the Swedish designs, particularly around the time of the war of 1788–90, and it is believed by some historians that a type named simply "secret vessel" could have been a Russian udema. Other historians question this conclusion; the number of guns (44 in total) may suggest a considerably larger turuma, one of the larger "archipelago frigates".
The three Swedish udemas served in the Finnish archipelago squadrons throughout the war of 1788–90 by supporting amphibious operations, raiding the opposing Russian archipelago fleet, and protecting the left flank of the Swedish army's operations on the Finnish mainland. Udemas fought in both the First and Second Battles of Svensksund. The latter battle, one of the largest naval battles ever fought, was a disastrous defeat for the Russians and one of Sweden's greatest naval victories ever; the udema Ingeborg was among the few Swedish vessels lost.
Like the other specialized archipelago vessels, the udema proved to have only limited advantages. While it had superior firepower, its sailing qualities were poor, even compared with galleys, and were slow even under oars. The unconventional artillery layout was also deemed to be too weak and radical. The Second Battle of Svensksund showed that the smaller gunboats and gunsloops were far more efficient for the same operations and had almost entirely replaced the "archipelago frigates" by the Finnish War of 1808–09, where Sweden finally lost all of its Finnish possessions.
Influence
Historian Lars-Olof Berg suggests that the radical new design of rotating gun mounts, though somewhat of a disappointment in Swedish service, may have influenced shipbuilders in other countries. Russian floating batteries were equipped with similar mounts by 1790. Designs were also presented and built in Great Britain and the US. Pivoting mounts were used in the US "gunboat navy" under Thomas Jefferson, even in much smaller craft, though they often proved risky since the recoil could destabilize vessels with a small displacement, especially if the guns were fired over the side. The genuine breakthrough for true centerline armament layouts, however, did not come until the advent of armored steamships in the late 19th century. The name "udema" has been carried on in the uninflected Finnish form Uusimaa for 20th century ships of the Finnish navy.
Ships
Only three udemas were built, all of them for the Swedish archipelago fleet. They are listed in the table below with basic information where it is actually known.
See also
hemmema
pojama
turuma
Notes
References
Anderson, Roger Charles, Oared Fighting Ships: From Classical Times to the Coming of Steam. P. Marshall, London. 1962. .
Berg, Lars-Otto, "Development of the Swedish Archipelago Fleet in the 18th Century, Construction[,] Technology and Weaponry" in The War of King Gustavus III and Naval Battles of Ruotsinsalmi: VIII International Baltic Seminar 5–7 July 1990. Provincial Museum of Kymenlaakso, Kotka. 1993.
Norman, Hans (editor) Skärgårdsflottan: Uppbyggnad, militär användning och förankring i det svenska samhället 1700–1824. Historiska Media, Lund. 2012.
Berg, Lars Otto, "Skärgårdsflottans fartyg: Typer och utveckling under 1700- och 1800-talet", pp. 50–76
Berg, Lars Otto, "Appendix: Skärgårdsflottans fartyg", pp. 391–406
Glete, Jan, "Kriget till sjöss" in Gunnar Artéus (editor) Gustav III:s ryska krig. Probus, Stockholm. 1992.
Gardiner, Robert (editor) Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Conway Maritime Press, London. 1995. .
Hårdstedt, Martin, "Skärgårdsflottans epok" in Ericson Wolke & Hårdstedt, Svenska sjöslag. Medströms förlag, Stockholm. 2009.
Kijanen, Kalervo (1968) Suomen Laivasto 1918–1968, I. Meriupseeriyhdistys/Otavan Kirjapaino, Helsinki.
Nikula, Oscar, Svenska skärgårdsflottan 1756–1791. [doctoral dissertation] Helsingfors. 1933.
Saunders, Stephen (editor), Jane's Fighting Ships, 2009–2010. Jane's Information Group, Coulsdon, Surrey. 2009.
Age of Sail naval ships of Sweden
Frigates of Sweden
Naval history of Sweden
Swedish Navy
Ships of the Swedish Navy
Swedish Army |
18431691 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%20O%27%20Clock | 7 O' Clock | 7 O' Clock is a 2006 Kannada romance film produced by N. M. Suresh under "Sri Thulaja Bhavani Creations" banner. It is directed and written by Santosh Rai Pathaje. Mithun Tejaswi and Pooja Kanwal appeared in lead roles, both making their debuts. Nithya menen also debuted through this film in supporting role in Kannada.
Plot
Nithya (Pooja Kanwal) loves to play pranks by calling someone everyday morning and making them a 'Bakra'. But one day she gets trapped by Rahul (Mithun Tejaswi) who is over smart. Soon Rahul and Nithya decide to meet at 7 o'clock in the railway station. Nithya says she is coming in yellow salwar and Rahul says he will be wearing a blue shirt. Nithya is a budding doctor while Rahul is a painter who wants to meet his lover and then complete one of his paintings. Rahul has a mobile and Nithya is averse to mobile phones. At the dot of 7 o'clock the train fails to come as it is two hours late.
Nithya and Rahul are upset with this delay. Rahul's mobile is stolen in the railway station and the only way for him is to contact Nithya is at her residence. She is not there because she is waiting at the railway station for Rahul. The anxiety among the audiences shoots up. The twist in the climax is when both meet not knowing each other's identity. Rahul's marriage is also fixed but on the engagement day the interference of a thief (who stole Rahul's mobile, paintings etc. in the train) changes the whole situation.
Cast
Pooja Kanwal as Nithya
Mithun Tejaswi as Rahul
Nithya Menen as Anu
Komal Kumar
Sonal Vengurlekar
Dileep Raj
Sneha
Bhavya
Ramakrishna
Lavanya Bhardwaj
Sharan
Manish Goplani
Rangayana Raghu
M. S. Umesh
Rumi khan
Sundar Raj
Ankush Arora
Soundtrack
All the songs are composed and scored by M. S. Madhukar.
References
https://www.indiaglitz.com/7o-clock-review-kannada-movie-7990
External links
2006 films
2000s Kannada-language films
Indian romance films
Indian films
2000s romance films |
43152198 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camillo%20Benso%2C%20Count%20of%20Cavour | Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour | Camillo Paolo Filippo Giulio Benso, Count of Cavour, Isolabella and Leri (10 August 1810 – 6 June 1861), generally known as Cavour ( , ), was an Italian statesman and a leading figure in the movement towards Italian unification. He was one of the leaders of the Historical Right and prime minister of the Kingdom of Piedmont–Sardinia, a position he maintained (except for a six-month resignation) throughout the Second Italian War of Independence and Giuseppe Garibaldi's campaigns to unite Italy. After the declaration of a united Kingdom of Italy, Cavour took office as the first prime minister of Italy; he died after only three months in office and did not live to see the Roman Question solved through the complete unification of the country after the Capture of Rome in 1870.
Cavour put forth several economic reforms in his native region of Piedmont, at that time part of the Kingdom of Sardinia, in his earlier years and founded the political newspaper Il Risorgimento. After being elected to the Chamber of Deputies, he quickly rose in rank through the Piedmontese government, coming to dominate the Chamber of Deputies through a union of centre-left and centre-right politicians. After a large rail system expansion program, Cavour became prime minister in 1852. As prime minister, Cavour successfully negotiated Piedmont's way through the Crimean War, the Second Italian War of Independence, and Garibaldi's Expedition of the Thousand, managing to maneuver Piedmont diplomatically to become a new great power in Europe, controlling a nearly united Italy that was five times as large as Piedmont had been before he came to power. Cavour was a Freemason of the Italian Symbolic Rite.
English historian Denis Mack Smith says Cavour was the most successful parliamentarian in Italian history, but he was not especially democratic. Cavour was often dictatorial, ignored his ministerial colleagues and parliament, and interfered in parliamentary elections. He also practiced trasformismo and other policies which were carried over into post-Risorgimento Italy.
Biography
Early life
Cavour was born in Turin during Napoleonic rule, into a family which had acquired estates during the French occupation. He was the second of two sons of Michele Giuseppe Francesco Antonio Benso, 4th Marquess of Cavour and Count of Isolabella and Leri, Lord of Corveglia, Dusino, Mondonio, Ottiglio and Ponticelli, Co-Lord of Castagnole, Cellarengo and Menabi, Cereaglio, Chieri, San Salvatore Monferrato, Santena and Valfenera, 1st Baron of the French Empire (1781–1850) and his wife (1805) Adélaïde (Adèle) Suzanne, Marchioness of Sellon (1780–1846), herself of French origin. His godparents were Napoleon's sister Pauline, and her husband, Prince Camillo Borghese, after whom Camillo was named.
Camillo and his older brother Gustavo were initially educated at home. He was sent to the Turin Military Academy when he was only ten years old. In July 1824 he was named a page to Charles Albert, the king of Piedmont (1831–1849). Cavour frequently ran afoul of the authorities in the academy, as he was too headstrong to deal with the rigid military discipline. He was once forced to live three days on bread and water because he had been caught with books that the academy had banned. He was found to be apt at the mathematical disciplines, and was therefore enlisted in the Engineer Corps in the Piedmontese-Sardinian army in 1827. While in the army, he studied the English language as well as the works of Jeremy Bentham and Benjamin Constant, developing liberal tendencies which made him suspect to police forces at the time. He resigned his commission in the army in November 1831, both because of boredom with military life and because of his dislike of the reactionary policies of King Charles Albert. He administered the family estate at Grinzane, some forty kilometers outside the capital, serving as mayor there from 1832 to the revolutionary upheaval of 1848.
Cavour then lived for a time in Switzerland, with his Protestant relatives in Geneva. He grew acquainted with Calvinist teachings, and for a short while he converted from a form of unorthodox Catholicism, only to go back later. A Reformed pastor, Alexandre Vinet, impressed upon Cavour the need for the separation of church and state, a doctrine Cavour followed for the remainder of his life. He then traveled to Paris where he was impressed by parliamentary debates, especially those of François Guizot and Adolphe Thiers, confirming his devotion to a political career. He next went to London, where he was much more disappointed by British politics, and toured the country, visiting Oxford, Liverpool, Birmingham, Chester, Nottingham, and Manchester. A quick tour through the Netherlands, Germany, and Switzerland (the German part and the Lake Geneva area) eventually landed him back in Turin.
Cavour believed that economic progress had to precede political change, and stressed the advantages of railroad construction in the peninsula. He was a strong supporter of transportation by steam engine, sponsoring the building of many railroads and canals. Between 1838 and 1842 Cavour began several initiatives in attempts to solve economic problems in his area. He experimented with different agricultural techniques on his estate, such as growing sugar beets, and was one of the first Italian landowners to use chemical fertilizers. He also founded the Piedmontese Agricultural Society. In his spare time, he again traveled extensively, mostly in France and the United Kingdom.
Early political career
The first apparently liberal moves of Pope Pope Pius IX and the Revolutions of 1848 spawned a new movement of Italian liberalism, allowing Cavour to enter the political arena, no longer in fear of the police. He then gave a speech in front of numerous journalists in favor of a constitution for Piedmont, which was eventually granted. Cavour, unlike several other political thinkers, was not at first offered a position in the new Chamber of Deputies, as he was still a somewhat suspicious character to the nation.
Cavour never planned for the establishment of a united country, and even later during his Premiership his objective was to expand Piedmont with the annexation of Lombardy and Venetia, rather than a unified Italy. For example, during the conservative period, he gained a reputation as a non-revolutionary progressive. He was a poor public speaker. Cavour then lost the next election, while the Piedmontese army was destroyed at the Battle of Novara, leading Charles Albert to abdicate, passing the throne to his son, Victor Emmanuel II.
Cavour was then brought back into Parliament by the voters, where he was much more successful. His knowledge of European markets and modern economics earned him the positions of Minister of Agriculture, Minister of Commerce, and Minister of the Navy in 1850. Cavour soon came to dominate the cabinet of Prime Minister Massimo d'Azeglio. Cavour united the Right Center and the Left Center in the chamber to show dominance there as well. In 1851, Cavour gained a Cabinet promotion to Minister of Finance by working against his colleague from inside the Cabinet in a somewhat disreputable takeover, although this was to Piedmont's advantage because of his many economic reforms. It allowed Cavour to begin his railway expansion program, giving Piedmont 800 kilometres of track by the year 1860, one third of the railways in Italy at the time. He took the lead in legislation weakening the powers of the Church to own land, control the schools and supervise marriage laws. When the bishops protested, they were punished or exiled, making Cavour the hero of liberal anticlerical elements across Italy.
Prime Minister of Piedmont–Sardinia
Cavour formed a coalition with Urbano Rattazzi known as the Connubio ("marriage"), uniting the moderate men of the Right and of the Left, and brought about the fall of the d'Azeglio cabinet in November 1852. The King reluctantly accepted Cavour as prime minister, the most conservative possible choice, but their relationship was never an easy one.
Cavour was generally liberal and believed in free trade, freedom of opinion, and secular rule, but he was an enemy of republicans and revolutionaries, whom he feared as disorganized radicals who would upset the social order. Cavour dominated debate in Parliament but is criticized for the controversial methods he used while Prime Minister, including excessive use of emergency powers, employing friends, bribing some newspapers while suppressing others, and rigging elections, though these were fairly common practices for the time. The national debt soared by a factor of six because of his heavy spending on modernizing projects, especially railways, and building up the army and the Royal Sardinian Navy. When he became Prime Minister Piedmont had just suffered a major defeat by Austria, but when he died, Victor Emmanuel II ruled a state five times as large, which dominated Italy and ranked among Europe's great powers.
The allied powers of Britain and France asked Piedmont to enter the Crimean War, partially to encourage Austria to enter, which it would not do unless it was certain that Piedmontese troops were not available to attack Austrian positions in Italy. Cavour, who hoped that the allies would support Piedmont's expansion in Italy, agreed as soon as his colleagues' support would allow and entered the war on 10 January 1855. This was too late to truly distinguish themselves militarily, but the 18,000 man contingent earned Piedmont a position at the Congress of Paris that ended the war.
In January 1858, the Italian Felice Orsini's attempted assassination of Napoleon III paradoxically opened an avenue of diplomacy between France and Piedmont. While in jail awaiting trial, Orsini wrote a public letter to the Emperor of the French, ending with, "Remember that, so long as Italy is not independent, the peace of Europe and Your Majesty is but an empty dream... Set my country free, and the blessings of twenty-five million people will follow you everywhere and forever." Orsini was still executed, but Napoleon III began to explore the possibility of joint operation with Piedmont against Austria. Cavour and Napoleon met in July 1858 at Plombières-les-Bains, and the two agreed that Piedmont would attempt to provoke war with the Duchy of Modena, obliging Austria to enter, and France would then aid Piedmont. In return, Cavour reluctantly agreed to cede Savoy (the seat of the Piedmontese royal family) and the County of Nice to France, and also arranged a royal marriage between Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy and Prince Napoléon Bonaparte, surprisingly without Victor Emmanuel's consent.
In the same year, Cavour sent his cousin, the famous beauty, photographic artist, and secret agent Virginia Oldoïni, to further the interests of Italian unification with the emperor by whatever means possible, and by all accounts she succeeded, famously becoming the mistress of Napoleon.
Both France and Piedmont began to prepare for war, but diplomatic support diminished rapidly. Napoleon III quickly soured on the plot, and Britain, Prussia, and Russia proposed an international congress, with one likely goal the disarmament of Piedmont. Piedmont was saved by Austria's sending an ultimatum on 23 April, demanding that Piedmont disarm itself, thus casting Austria as an aggressor. France mobilised and slowly began to enter Italy, but Piedmont needed to defend itself for a short period. Fortunately, rainstorms and Austrian indecision under Ferencz Graf Gyulai gave time for France to arrive in force.
The battles of Magenta and Solferino left Franco-Piedmontese forces in control of Lombardy, but the Austrians remained confident of defending their "fortress quadrilateral" area, with four fortresses in Verona, Legnago, Peschiera, and Mantua. These defenses, the horrors of the Battle of Solferino, the possibility of Prussian entry into the war, and the potential for an over-strong Piedmontese state convinced Napoleon to sign a separate peace with Austria in the Treaty of Villafranca on 11 July 1859, ending the Second Italian War of Independence. Victor Emmanuel accepted the peace, but Cavour was so infuriated after reading the terms of the treaty that he tendered his resignation. He soon regained his optimism, however, as several of the terms, such as the restoration to power of the rulers of Tuscany and Modena, and the establishment of an Italian Confederation including Austria, were not actually carried out.
General La Marmora succeeded to Cavour's post and insisted on following the treaty terms, even sending a letter to Tuscany asking that they restore their Grand Duke. Bettino Ricasoli, virtual dictator of Tuscany at the time, wrote about this appeal to his brother, saying: "Tell General La Marmora that I have torn his letter into a thousand pieces." France continued direct talks with Piedmont on the destiny of the central Italian states, all of whose autocrats supported unification with Piedmont but were restrained by the treaty, which called for the restoration of their old governments.
Cavour had retired to his estate at Leri, out of politics but concerned about the King's alliance with Garibaldi's revolutionaries and his desire to renew the war with Austria without allied support. When the weak La Marmora cabinet resigned, Victor Emmanuel was reluctant to have Cavour as premier again due both to their quarrel over the treaty of Villafranca and Cavour's success in preventing the king from marrying his mistress after the queen's death. But Cavour was sent for on 20 January 1860.
Cavour agreed with Napoleon to cede Savoy and Nice to France, in order to annex Tuscany and Emilia to Piedmont. Plebiscites were arranged with huge majorities in all these provinces to approve the changes. Cavour managed to convince most that uniting Italy would make up for these territorial losses. With this, the first stage of unification was completed. It was now up to Garibaldi to overthrow the Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and bring southern Italy into Piedmont's control.
Garibaldi was furious that his birthplace, Nice, had been ceded to France, and wished to recapture the city, but a popular insurrection in Palermo on 4 April 1860 diverted him southward. He requested a brigade of Piedmontese to take Sicily, but Cavour refused. So instead, Garibaldi raised a force of a thousand (I Mille) redshirt volunteers. They landed at Marsala in Sicily on 11 May and won the battles of Calatafimi and Milazzo, gaining control of Sicily. Cavour attempted to annex Sicily to Piedmont, but Garibaldi and his comrade Francesco Crispi would not allow it.
Cavour persuaded Victor Emmanuel to write a letter to Garibaldi, requesting that he not invade the mainland; the letter was indeed sent, but the King secretly wished Garibaldi to invade. He wrote another letter asking him to go ahead, but this was apparently never sent. Cavour meanwhile attempted to stir up a liberal revolution in Naples, but the populace was unreceptive. Garibaldi invaded, attempting to reach Naples quickly before Cavour found a way to stop him. On 7 September he entered Naples, at that time the largest city in Italy, and unilaterally declared Victor Emmanuel the King of Italy. Garibaldi was now military dictator of southern Italy and Sicily, and he imposed the Piedmontese constitution but publicly demanded that Cavour be removed, which alienated him slightly from Victor Emmanuel.
Garibaldi was unwilling to stop at this point, and planned an immediate invasion of the Papal States. Cavour feared France in that case would declare war to defend the Pope and successfully stopped Garibaldi from initiating his attack. Garibaldi had been weakened by the Battle of Volturno, so Cavour quickly invaded the Papal regions of Umbria and Marche. This linked the territories conquered by Piedmont with those taken by Garibaldi. The King met with Garibaldi, who handed over control of southern Italy and Sicily, thus uniting Italy.
The relationship between Cavour and Garibaldi was always fractious: Cavour likened Garibaldi to "a savage" while Garibaldi memorably called Cavour "a low intriguer".
Prime Minister of Italy
In 1861, Victor Emmanuel II declared the Kingdom of Italy, making Cavour Prime Minister of Italy. Cavour had many difficult issues to consider, including how to create a national military, which legal institutions should be retained in what locations, and especially the future of Rome. Most Italians thought Rome must be capital of a united Italy, but this conflicted with the temporal power of the Pope and also the independence of the Church. Cavour believed that Rome should remain the seat of "a free church in a free state", which would maintain its independence but give up temporal power. These issues would become known as the "Roman Question". Still Austrian Venetia was also a problem. Cavour recognized that Venice must be an integral part of Italy but refused to take a stance on how to achieve it, saying "Will the deliverance of Venice come by arms or diplomacy? I do not know. It is the secret of Providence." A motion approving of his foreign policy passed by a huge majority, basically only opposed by left-wing and right-wing extremist groups.
Creating Italy was no easy task, but ruling it proved a worse strain on the Prime Minister. In 1861, at the peak of his career, months of long days coupled with insomnia and constant worry took their toll on Cavour. He fell ill, presumably of malaria, and to make matters worse insisted upon being bled. His regular doctor would have refused, but he was not available; so Cavour was bled several times until it was nearly impossible to draw any blood from him. He was buried in Santena, near Turin.
After his death, Italy would gain Venice in 1866 in the course of the Third Italian War of Independence, connected to the Austro-Prussian War. The Capture of Rome completed the unification of Italy (aside from Trentino and Trieste) in 1870.
Legacy
Today, many Italian cities, including Turin, Trieste, Rome, Florence, and Naples, have important streets, squares, piazzas, and metro stations named after Cavour, as well as Mazzini and Garibaldi. The clipper ship, Camille Cavour, the battleship Conte di Cavour, which fought both in World War I and World War II, and the new Marina Militare aircraft carrier Cavour is also named in his honor.
In 1865, the Collegio dei Nobili, the oldest high school in Turin (founded 1568), and among the oldest and most prominent ones in Italy, was renamed the Liceo Ginnasio statale "Camillo Benso di Cavour" (Liceo classico Cavour).
See also
History of Italy
References
Further reading
Beales, Derek & Eugenio Biagini. The Risorgimento and the Unification of Italy. Second Edition. London: Longman, 2002.
Braun, Martin. "'Great Expectations': Cavour and Garibaldi: 1859-1959.” History Today (Oct. 1959) 9#10 pp 687–692; historiography
Dal Lago, Enrico. "Lincoln, Cavour, and National Unification: American Republicanism and Italian Liberal Nationalism in Comparative Perspective." Journal of the Civil War Era 3#1 (2013): 85–113.
Di Scala, Spencer. Italy: From Revolution to Republic, 1700 to the Present. (Boulder, Westview Press, 2004.
Hearder, Harry. Cavour (1994) excerpt, a scholarly biography
Holt, Edgar. The Making of Italy: 1815–1870. New York: Murray Printing Company, 1971.
Kertzer, David. Prisoner of the Vatican. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004.
Mack Smith, Denis. Cavour. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1985. , a scholarly biography, quite critical of Cavour online review; online review
Mack Smith, Denis. Italy: A Modern History. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1959.
Murtaugh, Frank M. Cavour and the Economic Modernization of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1991).
Norwich, John Julius. The Middle Sea: A History of the Mediterranean. New York: Doubleday, 2006.
old interpretations but useful on details; vol 1 goes to 1859]; volume 2 online covers 1859–62
External links
1810 births
1861 deaths
Counts of Italy
Deputies of Legislature VIII of the Kingdom of Italy
Foreign ministers of Italy
Italian people of the Italian unification
Italian Roman Catholics
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Kingdom of Sardinia)
Nobility from Turin
People from Turin
Politicians from Turin
Prime Ministers of Italy
Prime ministers of the Kingdom of Sardinia |
4387863 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Film%20Award%20for%20Best%20Feature%20Film%20in%20Malayalam | National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Malayalam | The National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Malayalam is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the Directorate of Film Festivals, the organisation set up by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).
The National Film Awards, established in 1954, are the most prominent film awards in India that merit the best of the Indian cinema. The ceremony also presents awards for films in various regional languages.
Awards for films in seven regional language (Bengali, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil and Telugu) started from 2nd National Film Awards which were presented on 21 December 1955. Three awards of "President's Silver Medal for Best Feature Film", "Certificate of Merit for the Second Best Feature Film" and "Certificate of Merit for the Third Best Feature Film" were instituted. The later two certificate awards were discontinued from 15th National Film Awards (1967).
The first winner of the "President's Silver Medal for Best Feature Film in Malayalam" was the 1954 film Neelakuyil. Jointly directed by P. Bhaskaran and Ramu Kariat, the film was based on a story written by Malayalam writer Uroob. It told the story of a love affair between a Dalit girl and an educated, high caste school teacher. The film is considered landmark in Malayalam cinema history. Along with Neelakuyil, S. S. Rajan directed film Sneha Seema was honoured with a Certificate of Merit. Following is the list of Silver Lotus Award (Rajat Kamal) recipient films produced in Malayalam language.
Winners
Award includes 'Rajat Kamal' (Silver Lotus Award) and cash prize. Following are the award winners over the years:
References
External links
Official Page for Directorate of Film Festivals, India
National Film Awards Archives
Malayalam
Malayalam cinema |
51364145 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange%20Walk%20FC | Orange Walk FC | Orange Walk Football Club is a Belizean football team, currently playing in the Premier League of Belize.
The team is based in Orange Walk Town, Orange Walk District. Their home stadium is People's Stadium, and was founded on 21 June 2016.
References
Football clubs in Belize
association football clubs established in 2016
2016 establishments in Belize |
28992205 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Hypnotist | The Hypnotist | Hypnotist or The Hypnotist may refer to:
Hypnotist, a person who practices hypnosis
The Hypnotist, the alternative title of the 1927 American film London After Midnight
The Hypnotist, the American home video title for the 1999 Japanese film Saimin
The Hypnotist (1940 film), a 1940 Mexican comedy mystery film
The Hypnotist (1957 film), a British thriller film
The Hypnotist (2012 film), a 2012 Swedish film
The Hypnotist (novel), a crime novel published under the name Lars Kepler |
28330678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finance%20and%20Credit%20%28bank%29 | Finance and Credit (bank) | Finance and Credit (bank) was a Ukrainian commercial bank with its head office located in Kyiv. Bank Finance and Credit was established in 1990 and according to the National Bank of Ukraine ratings it belonged to the group of the major banks in Ukraine by the volume of assets. Net assets on 01.05.2010 made up 20.699 billion Ukrainian hryvnia, the Bank authorised capital made up UAH 2 billion. On 01.07.2010 Bank Finance and System includes 16 branches and 305 outlets over Ukraine.
In spring 2015 the bank was put on the National Bank of Ukraine list of problem banks. In August 2015 the bank registered an issue of additional securities worth slightly under 2 billion Ukrainian hryvnia. On 17 December 2015 the National Bank of Ukraine withdrew the banking license of Finance and Credit and liquidated the bank.
Participants of the Bank
Bank auditor - KPMG
KPMG is a professional services organizations in Ukraine. It has had a representation in Ukraine since 1992 and a wholly owned Ukrainian legal entity since 1997.
Ratings
AUB rating
Moody's ratings
"Kredit-Reyting" ratings
AVERS
AVERS International Money Transfer Service was founded in March, 2005 as an instant money transfer system of "Finance & Credit" Bank. Presently, AVERS network comprises 81 countries of the world.
Membership
Ukrainian interbank currency exchange (UICE)
Ukrainian Stock Exchange (USE)
Ukrainian Banking Association (UBA)
Off-exchange Commercial Stock System (OCSS)
Ukrainian Exchange, OJSC
Stock Exchange "Perspektiva"
Kyiv Bank Union (KBU)
The Fund of underwriting of natural persons deposits
Visa International (Fundamental member)
Mastercard International (Fundamental member)
Western Union (Direct agent of the Company)
MoneyGram (Direct agent of system)
АneliK (Direct agent of system)
IBRD (agent bank servicing credit lines that are guaranteed by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine)
Professional association of the registrars and depositaries (PARD)
Licenses and authorizations The Bank possesses
Banking Licence No. 28 dated 09.10.2009
Licence of the Securities and Stock Market State Commission АВ No.493406 dated 28.10.2009 on professional activities on the stock market - securities trade activity (broker activity).
Licence of the Securities and Stock Market State Commission АВ No.493407 dated 28.10.2009 on professional activities on the stock market - securities trade activity (dealer activity).
Licence of the Securities and Stock Market State Commission АВ No.493408 dated 28.10.2009 on professional activities on the stock market - securities trade activity (underwriting).
Licence of the Securities and Stock Market State Commission АВ No.493416 dated 28.10.2009 on professional activities on the stock market – securities custodian activity.
See also
List of banks in Ukraine
References
External links
Official site Finance and Credit (bank)
Finance and Credit (bank) on Wikimapia: Advertising, PR, Head office of the Bank
Defunct banks of Ukraine
Banks established in 1990
Banks disestablished in 2015
2015 disestablishments in Ukraine
Ukrainian companies established in 1990 |
47628 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomb | Bomb | A bomb is an explosive weapon that uses the exothermic reaction of an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy. Detonations inflict damage principally through ground- and atmosphere-transmitted mechanical stress, the impact and penetration of pressure-driven projectiles, pressure damage, and explosion-generated effects. Bombs have been utilized since the 11th century starting in East Asia.
The term bomb is not usually applied to explosive devices used for civilian purposes such as construction or mining, although the people using the devices may sometimes refer to them as a "bomb". The military use of the term "bomb", or more specifically aerial bomb action, typically refers to airdropped, unpowered explosive weapons most commonly used by air forces and naval aviation. Other military explosive weapons not classified as "bombs" include shells, depth charges (used in water), or land mines. In unconventional warfare, other names can refer to a range of offensive weaponry. For instance, in recent Middle Eastern conflicts, homemade bombs called "improvised explosive devices" (IEDs) have been employed by insurgent fighters to great effectiveness.
The word comes from the Latin , which in turn comes from the Greek romanized , an onomatopoetic term meaning 'booming', 'buzzing'.
History
Explosive bombs were used in East Asia in 1221, by a Jurchen Jin army against a Chinese Song city. Bombs built using bamboo tubes appear in the 11th century. Bombs made of cast iron shells packed with explosive gunpowder date to 13th century China. The term was coined for this bomb (i.e. "thunder-crash bomb") during a Jin dynasty (1115–1234) naval battle of 1231 against the Mongols.
The History of Jin 《金史》 (compiled by 1345) states that in 1232, as the Mongol general Subutai (1176–1248) descended on the Jin stronghold of Kaifeng, the defenders had a "thunder crash bomb" which "consisted of gunpowder put into an iron container ... then when the fuse was lit (and the projectile shot off) there was a great explosion the noise whereof was like thunder, audible for more than thirty miles, and the vegetation was scorched and blasted by the heat over an area of more than half a mou. When hit, even iron armour was quite pierced through."
The Song Dynasty (960–1279) official Li Zengbo wrote in 1257 that arsenals should have several hundred thousand iron bomb shells available and that when he was in Jingzhou, about one to two thousand were produced each month for dispatch of ten to twenty thousand at a time to Xiangyang and Yingzhou. The Ming Dynasty text Huolongjing describes the use of poisonous gunpowder bombs, including the "wind-and-dust" bomb.
During the Mongol invasions of Japan, the Mongols used the explosive "thunder-crash bombs" against the Japanese. Archaeological evidence of the "thunder-crash bombs" has been discovered in an underwater shipwreck off the shore of Japan by the Kyushu Okinawa Society for Underwater Archaeology. X-rays by Japanese scientists of the excavated shells confirmed that they contained gunpowder.
Shock
Explosive shock waves can cause situations such as body displacement (i.e., people being thrown through the air), dismemberment, internal bleeding and ruptured eardrums.
Shock waves produced by explosive events have two distinct components, the positive and negative wave. The positive wave shoves outward from the point of detonation, followed by the trailing vacuum space "sucking back" towards the point of origin as the shock bubble collapses.
The greatest defense against shock injuries is distance from the source of shock. As a point of reference, the overpressure at the Oklahoma City bombing was estimated in the range of
Heat
A thermal wave is created by the sudden release of heat caused by an explosion. Military bomb tests have documented temperatures of up to 2,480 °C (4,500 °F). While capable of inflicting severe to catastrophic burns and causing secondary fires, thermal wave effects are considered very limited in range compared to shock and fragmentation. This rule has been challenged, however, by military development of thermobaric weapons, which employ a combination of negative shock wave effects and extreme temperature to incinerate objects within the blast radius. This would be fatal to humans, as bomb tests have proven.
Fragmentation
Fragmentation is produced by the acceleration of shattered pieces of bomb casing and adjacent physical objects. The use of fragmentation in bombs dates to the 14th century, and appears in the Ming Dynasty text Huolongjing. The fragmentation bombs were filled with iron pellets and pieces of broken porcelain. Once the bomb explodes, the resulting fragments are capable of piercing the skin and blinding enemy soldiers.
While conventionally viewed as small metal shards moving at super-supersonic and hypersonic speeds, fragmentation can occur in epic proportions and travel for extensive distances. When the SS Grandcamp exploded in the Texas City Disaster on April 16, 1947, one fragment of that blast was a two-ton anchor which was hurled nearly two miles inland to embed itself in the parking lot of the Pan American refinery.
Effects on living things
To people who are close to a blast incident, such as bomb disposal technicians, soldiers wearing body armor, deminers, or individuals wearing little to no protection, there are four types of blast effects on the human body: overpressure (shock), fragmentation, impact, and heat. Overpressure refers to the sudden and drastic rise in ambient pressure that can damage the internal organs, possibly leading to permanent damage or death. Fragmentation can also include sand, debris and vegetation from the area surrounding the blast source. This is very common in anti-personnel mine blasts. The projection of materials poses a potentially lethal threat caused by cuts in soft tissues, as well as infections, and injuries to the internal organs. When the overpressure wave impacts the body it can induce violent levels of blast-induced acceleration. Resulting injuries may range from minor to unsurvivable. Immediately following this initial acceleration, deceleration injuries can occur when a person impacts directly against a rigid surface or obstacle after being set in motion by the force of the blast. Finally, injury and fatality can result from the explosive fireball as well as incendiary agents projected onto the body. Personal protective equipment, such as a bomb suit or demining ensemble, as well as helmets, visors and foot protection, can dramatically reduce the four effects, depending upon the charge, proximity and other variables.
Effects on structures
Types
Experts commonly distinguish between civilian and military bombs. The latter are almost always mass-produced weapons, developed and constructed to a standard design out of standard components and intended to be deployed in a standard explosive device. IEDs are divided into three basic categories by basic size and delivery. Type 76, IEDs are hand-carried parcel or suitcase bombs, type 80, are "suicide vests" worn by a bomber, and type 3 devices are vehicles laden with explosives to act as large-scale stationary or self-propelled bombs, also known as VBIED (vehicle-borne IEDs).
Improvised explosive materials are typically unstable and subject to spontaneous, unintentional detonation triggered by a wide range of environmental effects, ranging from impact and friction to electrostatic shock. Even subtle motion, change in temperature, or the nearby use of cellphones or radios can trigger an unstable or remote-controlled device. Any interaction with explosive materials or devices by unqualified personnel should be considered a grave and immediate risk of death or dire injury. The safest response to finding an object believed to be an explosive device is to get as far away from it as possible.
Atomic bombs are based on the theory of nuclear fission, that when a large atom splits, it releases a massive amount of energy. Thermonuclear weapons, (colloquially known as "hydrogen bombs") use the energy from an initial fission explosion to create an even more powerful fusion explosion.
The term dirty bomb refers to a specialized device that relies on a comparatively low explosive yield to scatter harmful material over a wide area. Most commonly associated with radiological or chemical materials, dirty bombs seek to kill or injure and then to deny access to a contaminated area until a thorough clean-up can be accomplished. In the case of urban settings, this clean-up may take extensive time, rendering the contaminated zone virtually uninhabitable in the interim.
The power of large bombs is typically measured in kilotons (kt) or megatons of TNT (Mt). The most powerful bombs ever used in combat were the two atomic bombs dropped by the United States to attack Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the most powerful ever tested was the Tsar Bomba. The most powerful non-nuclear bomb is Russian "Father of All Bombs" (officially Aviation Thermobaric Bomb of Increased Power (ATBIP)) followed by the United States Air Force's MOAB (officially Massive Ordnance Air Blast, or more commonly known as the "Mother of All Bombs").
Below is a list of five different types of bombs based on the fundamental explosive mechanism they employ.
Compressed gas
Relatively small explosions can be produced by pressurizing a container until catastrophic failure such as with a dry ice bomb. Technically, devices that create explosions of this type can not be classified as "bombs" by the definition presented at the top of this article. However, the explosions created by these devices can cause property damage, injury, or death. Flammable liquids, gasses and gas mixtures dispersed in these explosions may also ignite if exposed to a spark or flame.
Low explosive
The simplest and oldest bombs store energy in the form of a low explosive. Black powder is an example of a low explosive. Low explosives typically consist of a mixture of an oxidizing salt, such as potassium nitrate (saltpeter), with solid fuel, such as charcoal or aluminium powder. These compositions deflagrate upon ignition, producing hot gas. Under normal circumstances, this deflagration occurs too slowly to produce a significant pressure wave; low explosives, therefore, must generally be used in large quantities or confined in a container with a high burst pressure to be useful as a bomb.
High explosive
A high explosive bomb is one that employs a process called "detonation" to rapidly go from an initially high energy molecule to a very low energy molecule. Detonation is distinct from deflagration in that the chemical reaction propagates faster than the speed of sound (often many times faster) in an intense shock wave. Therefore, the pressure wave produced by a high explosive is not significantly increased by confinement as detonation occurs so quickly that the resulting plasma does not expand much before all the explosive material has reacted. This has led to the development of plastic explosive. A casing is still employed in some high explosive bombs, but with the purpose of fragmentation. Most high explosive bombs consist of an insensitive secondary explosive that must be detonated with a blasting cap containing a more sensitive primary explosive.
Thermobaric
A thermobaric bomb is a type of explosive that utilizes oxygen from the surrounding air to generate an intense, high-temperature explosion, and in practice the blast wave typically produced by such a weapon is of a significantly longer duration than that produced by a conventional condensed explosive. The fuel-air bomb is one of the best-known types of thermobaric weapons.
Nuclear fission
Nuclear fission type atomic bombs utilize the energy present in very heavy atomic nuclei, such as U-235 or Pu-239. In order to release this energy rapidly, a certain amount of the fissile material must be very rapidly consolidated while being exposed to a neutron source. If consolidation occurs slowly, repulsive forces drive the material apart before a significant explosion can occur. Under the right circumstances, rapid consolidation can provoke a chain reaction that can proliferate and intensify by many orders of magnitude within microseconds. The energy released by a nuclear fission bomb may be tens of thousands of times greater than a chemical bomb of the same mass.
Nuclear fusion
A thermonuclear weapon is a type of nuclear bomb that releases energy through the combination of fission and fusion of the light atomic nuclei of deuterium and tritium. With this type of bomb, a thermonuclear detonation is triggered by the detonation of a fission type nuclear bomb contained within a material containing high concentrations of deuterium and tritium. Weapon yield is typically increased with a tamper that increases the duration and intensity of the reaction through inertial confinement and neutron reflection. Nuclear fusion bombs can have arbitrarily high yields making them hundreds or thousands of times more powerful than nuclear fission.
A pure fusion weapon is a nuclear weapon that doesn't require a primary fission stage to start a fusion reaction.
Antimatter
Antimatter bombs can theoretically be constructed, but antimatter is very costly to produce and hard to store safely.
Other
Aerial bomb
Delay-action bomb
Glide bomb
General-purpose bomb
Incendiary bomb - Incendiary bombs are designed to set targets ablaze.
Cluster bomb
Anti-runway penetration bomb
Bunker buster
Concrete bomb - A concrete bomb is an aerial bomb which contains dense, inert material (typically concrete, hence the name) instead of explosive. The target is destroyed using the kinetic energy of the falling bomb.
Inert bomb
An inert bomb is one whose inner energetic material has been removed or otherwise rendered harmless. Inert munitions are used in military and naval training, and they are also collected and displayed by public museums, or by private parties.
Typically, NATO inert munitions are painted entirely in light blue and/or have the word "INERT" stenciled on them in prominent locations.
IED (barrel bomb, nail bomb, pipe bomb, pressure cooker bomb, fertilizer bomb, molotov cocktail)
Delivery
The first air-dropped bombs were used by the Austrians in the 1849 siege of Venice. Two hundred unmanned balloons carried small bombs, although few bombs actually hit the city.
The first bombing from a fixed-wing aircraft took place in 1911 when the Italians dropped bombs by hand on the Turkish lines in what is now Libya, during the Italo-Turkish War. The first large scale dropping of bombs took place during World War I starting in 1915 with the German Zeppelin airship raids on London, England, and the same war saw the invention of the first heavy bombers. One Zeppelin raid on 8 September 1915 dropped of high explosives and incendiary bombs, including one bomb that weighed .
During World War II bombing became a major military feature, and a number of novel delivery methods were introduced. These included Barnes Wallis's bouncing bomb, designed to bounce across water, avoiding torpedo nets and other underwater defenses, until it reached a dam, ship, or other destination, where it would sink and explode. By the end of the war, planes such as the allied forces' Avro Lancaster were delivering with accuracy from , ten ton earthquake bombs (also invented by Barnes Wallis) named "Grand Slam", which, unusually for the time, were delivered from high altitude in order to gain high speed, and would, upon impact, penetrate and explode deep underground ("camouflet"), causing massive caverns or craters, and affecting targets too large or difficult to be affected by other types of bomb.
Modern military bomber aircraft are designed around a large-capacity internal bomb bay, while fighter-bombers usually carry bombs externally on pylons or bomb racks or on multiple ejection racks which enable mounting several bombs on a single pylon. Some bombs are equipped with a parachute, such as the World War II "parafrag" (an fragmentation bomb), the Vietnam war-era daisy cutters, and the bomblets of some modern cluster bombs. Parachutes slow the bomb's descent, giving the dropping aircraft time to get to a safe distance from the explosion. This is especially important with airburst nuclear weapons (especially those dropped from slower aircraft or with very high yields), and in situations where the aircraft releases a bomb at low altitude. A number of modern bombs are also precision-guided munitions, and may be guided after they leave an aircraft by remote control, or by autonomous guidance.
Aircraft may also deliver bombs in the form of warheads on guided missiles, such as long-range cruise missiles, which can also be launched from warships.
A hand grenade is delivered by being thrown. Grenades can also be projected by other means, such as being launched from the muzzle of a rifle (as in the rifle grenade), using a grenade launcher (such as the M203), or by attaching a rocket to the explosive grenade (as in a rocket-propelled grenade (RPG)).
A bomb may also be positioned in advance and concealed.
A bomb destroying a rail track just before a train arrives will usually cause the train to derail. In addition to the damage to vehicles and people, a bomb exploding in a transport network often damages, and is sometimes mainly intended to damage, the network itself. This applies for railways, bridges, runways, and ports, and, to a lesser extent (depending on circumstances), to roads.
In the case of suicide bombing, the bomb is often carried by the attacker on his or her body, or in a vehicle driven to the target.
The Blue Peacock nuclear mines, which were also termed "bombs", were planned to be positioned during wartime and be constructed such that, if disturbed, they would explode within ten seconds.
The explosion of a bomb may be triggered by a detonator or a fuse. Detonators are triggered by clocks, remote controls like cell phones or some kind of sensor, such as pressure (altitude), radar, vibration or contact. Detonators vary in ways they work, they can be electrical, fire fuze or blast initiated detonators and others,
Blast seat
In forensic science, the point of detonation of a bomb is referred to as its blast seat, seat of explosion, blast hole or epicenter. Depending on the type, quantity and placement of explosives, the blast seat may be either spread out or concentrated (i.e., an explosion crater).
Other types of explosions, such as dust or vapor explosions, do not cause craters or even have definitive blast seats.
See also
List of bombs
Improvised explosive device
References
External links
Explosive Violence, The Problem of Explosive Weapons A report by Richard Moyes (Landmine Action, 2009) on the humanitarian problems caused by the use of bombs and other explosive weapons in populated areas
FAS.org Bombs for Beginners
MakeItLouder.com How a bomb functions and rating their power
Aerial bombs
Chinese inventions |
20068307 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1906%20Vanderbilt%20Elimination%20Race | 1906 Vanderbilt Elimination Race | The 1906 Vanderbilt Elimination Race was a motor race run to decide which five cars would represent the United States in the international 1906 Vanderbilt Cup.
The race was run on September 22, 1906, over ten laps on a 29-mile course near Westbury, Long Island, New York. "Crowded excursion trains followed one another from midnight until long after the race had started, discharging thousands at Mineola, Westbury, Hicksville and other stations about the course. Country people from miles around journeyed to the course until the multitude numbered more than 100,000. At least 5,000 automobiles, carrying gay parties of men and women lined the course." The race started at 06:00 in the morning with cars leaving at one-minute intervals. Mongini, Matheson, burst a tire on the first lap, hitting a telephone pole. He and his mechanic Green were thrown from the car but suffered only bruising. When Tracy crossed the finish line the race was stopped due to the crowd invading the circuit.
The following team was chosen to represent America: Joseph Tracy (90-hp. Locomobile), Hubert LeBlon (115-hp. Thomas), H.N. Harding (50-hp. Haynes), Frank Lawell (110-hp. Frayer-Miller), and J. Walter Christie (50-hp. Christie). "Only the first three covered the full course, and Lawell and Christie were given places on the team; the former owing to the fact that he was still running when the race was called off, and the latter owing to the disqualification of Lyttle (Pope-Toledo), for being towed." During the elimination contest: "Lawell was closely pressing Christie for the fifth place."
Classification
References
Vanderbilt Elimination Race
Vanderbilt Elimination Race
Vanderbilt Cup
Vanderbilt Elimination Race |
2407550 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/60%20metres%20hurdles | 60 metres hurdles | 60 metres hurdles is a distance in hurdling which is generally run in indoor competitions. It is equivalent with the first 60 metres including the first 5 hurdles of a standard outdoor hurdle race. The current women's and men's world records are 7.68 seconds (Susanna Kallur) and 7.29 seconds (Grant Holloway), respectively.
Area records
Indoor results only. Updated February 2021.
All-time top 25 men
Updated February 2022.
A = affected by altitude
Notes
Below is a list of other times equal or inferior to 7.39:
Grant Holloway also ran 7.32 (2× 2021), 7.35 (2019, 2021, 2022), 7.37 (2x 2022), 7.38 (2020, 3× 2021).
Dayron Robles also ran 7.34 (2010), 7.36 (2008), 7.38 (2007), 7.39 (2008).
Colin Jackson also ran 7.36 (1994), 7.38 (1994, 1999), 7.39 (1994, 1995).
Terrence Trammell also ran 7.37 (2009).
Allen Johnson also ran 7.38 (1995), 7.39 (1995, 2003).
Note: Falk Balzer of Germany ran 7.34 with Colin Jackson second in 7.39 in 1999 in Stuttgart, but the race was annulled due to an uncalled false start by Balzer.
All-time top 25 women
Correct as of February 2022.
Notes
Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 7.76:
Ludmila Narozhilenko also ran 7.70 (1993), 7.71 (1990), 7.74 (1990), 7.76 (1992).
Susanna Kallur also ran 7.72 (2008), 7.74 (2008), 7.75 (2× 2008).
Kendra Harrison also ran 7.72 (2018), 7.72 A (2018), 7.74 A (2017), 7.75 (2017), 7.76 (2017).
Gail Devers also ran 7.76 (2004).
World Indoor Championships medalists
Men
Medal table
Women
Known as the World Indoor Games
Medal table
Season's bests
Men
Women
Notes
References
External links
IAAF all-time best, men's
IAAF all-time best, women's
IAAF list of 60-metres-hurdles records in XML
IAAF record holders
Events in track and field
Hurdling
Indoor track and field
Sprint hurdles |
22740160 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vattubrinken | Vattubrinken | Vattubrinken is a locality situated in Södertälje Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden with 332 inhabitants in 2010.
References
Populated places in Södertälje Municipality |
21240930 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijah%20Perkins | Lijah Perkins | Lijah Perkins (born 22 January 1977) in Birmingham, United Kingdom is a professional basketball player, currently signed to Worthing Thunder, playing as a Power forward or Centre.
Biography
Known as somewhat of a journeyman in British basketball, Perkins started his career playing for his hometown team Birmingham Bullets in 1995, making his professional debut against the Sheffield Sharks on 9 September 1995. He has since then gone on to play for no fewer than 7 British teams and over 9 European teams in his career as well as earn 6 appearances for the England national team.
Perkins enjoyed most of his success with the famous Bullets team of the mid-nineties. In 1996 he picked up his first award as BBL Play-off winner, helping the Bullets to defeat London Towers 78-72 in front of a packed Wembley Arena crowd. Perkins and the Bullets were to regain the Play-off title two years later in 1998 with a close 78-75 victory over Thames Valley Tigers, capping off another successful season where the team finished as Runners-up in the League Championship. Perkins left the UK that year to pursue dreams of a career in Europe, finding himself in the Icelandic league where he was the league leader of Blocked Shots for 1998-1999.
After stints at several other European clubs, the Small/Power forward returned home to sign for National Basketball League side Teesside Mohawks, one of the frontrunners of the lower leagues. Success returned again for Perkins, and inside his first season with the club he had already won the National Trophy, Conference Championship and Play-off final with an incredible double-overtime 127-117 victory against Solent Stars.
Though his time at the Mohawks was a resounding success, Perkins soon moved on during the following season and returned to Europe and Finland where his achievements continued. Playing for Forssan Koripojat, he helped the team to second-place in the First Division finishing with impressive stats 19 points and 11 rebounds per-game, and picking up both the league's award for Player of the Year, Forward of the Year and Bosman of the Year. He was named in the All-Star 1st Team & All-Bosman Team for the 2004-05 Season.
His stats caught the attention of Brighton Bears coach Nick Nurse who promptly signed up Perkins, leading the way for another return home and back into the BBL. His stint did not last long however and he was soon transferred to London Towers, where within a few months of being at the club, he helped the team to the Final of the 2006 BBL Cup, eventually losing to Newcastle Eagles, 83-69.
Following the closure of the Towers that summer, Perkins was again on the lookout for a team and moved on to the Scottish Rocks for a brief period before travelling through Switzerland, Spain and France and eventually ending up back in London under the command of Steve Bucknall at BBL rookies London Capital, where he signed on a temporary basis. After the end of a shambolic first season for London, Perkins opted to sign for another rookie team Worthing Thunder, who had just joined the BBL from the English Basketball League. After retiring from the game of basketball in November 2008, Perkins has decided to revitalise his career and get back to playing and has journeyed back to Europe to France once again.
He is now a teacher at Dame Elizabeth Cadbury School in Bournville, West Midlands (B30 1UL).
Playing history
2010-2011 Caen Basket Calvados
2008 Worthing Thunder
2007-2008 London Capital
2007 Etoile d'Or St-Leonard
2006-2007 Grupo Salmerón Guadix
2006 Union Neuchâtel
2006 Scottish Rocks
2005-2006 London Towers
2005 Brighton Bears
2004-2005 Forssan Koripojat
2003-2004 Coruna
2001-2003 Teesside Mohawks
2001 Werkendam
2000-2001 Hasselt
1999-2000 KR Basket
1998-1999 Thorlakshofn
1995-1998 Birmingham Bullets
References
Player profile on Worthing Thunder's official website
Player profile on Street 2 Elite
Perkins agrees to join Brighton - BBC News 2005
1977 births
Living people
British Basketball League players
English men's basketball players
Sportspeople from Birmingham, West Midlands |
45549325 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanislav%20Kozubek | Stanislav Kozubek | Stanislav Kozubek (born June 9, 1980 in Prague) is a former Czech cyclist.
Palmares
1999
3rd Junior World Team Pursuit Championships
2001
1st Team pursuit European Track Championships
2005
3rd National Road Race Championships
3rd Grand Prix Cycliste de Gemenc
National Scratch Champion
National Team Pursuit Champion
2006
National Road Race Champion
1st stage 4b Okolo Slovenska
2007
National Time Trial Champion
1st Prague-Karlovy Vary-Prague
2008
3rd National Road Race Championships
2009
2nd National Time Trial Championships
3rd National Road Race Championships
2010
2nd Oberösterreich-Rundfahrt
2nd National Road Race Championships
3rd Raiffeisen Grand Prix
2011
1st Czech Cycling Tour
References
1980 births
Living people
Czech male cyclists
Sportspeople from Prague |
67101394 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%20the%20Order%20of%20the%20Czar | At the Order of the Czar | At the Order of the Czar (French: Par ordre du tsar) is a 1954 French-West German historical drama film directed by André Haguet and starring Michel Simon, Colette Marchand and Jacques François. A separate German-language version Hungarian Rhapsody was also produced.
Shooting took place at the Victorine Studios in Nice and on location in Paris and the French Riviera. The film's sets were designed by the art director Roland Quignon. It was shot in Gevacolor.
Cast
Michel Simon as Prince de Sayn-Wittgenstein
Colette Marchand as Princess Caroline
Jacques François as Franz Liszt
Jacqueline Gay as Nathalie
Willy Fritsch as Le Grand-Duc
as Maria Paulovna
Yves Brainville as d'Ingelstedt
Margot Leonard as Wanda
as Richard Wagner
References
Bibliography
Mitchell, Charles P. The Great Composers Portrayed on Film, 1913 through 2002. McFarland, 2004.
External links
1954 films
French films
French historical drama films
German films
West German films
German historical drama films
1950s historical musical films
French historical musical films
German historical musical films
1954 drama films
1950s French-language films
Films directed by André Haguet
Films set in the 1840s
Films set in the 1850s
Films set in the 1860s
Cultural depictions of Franz Liszt
Biographical films about musicians
Films about classical music and musicians
Films about composers
German multilingual films
French multilingual films
1950s multilingual films
Films shot at Victorine Studios |
45330103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captive%20bubble%20method | Captive bubble method | The captive bubble method is a method for measuring contact angle between a liquid and a solid, by using drop shape analysis. In this method, a bubble of air is injected beneath a solid, the surface of which is located in the liquid, instead of placing a drop on the solid as in the case of the sessile drop technique.
The method is particularly suitable for solids with high surface free energy on which liquids spread out. Hydrogels, such as soft contact lenses for example, are likewise inaccessible for the standard arrangement; the captive bubble method is also used in such cases. The captive bubble method is a scientific method for measuring the contact angle between a solid surface and liquid in a fluid. A contact angle is formed on a smooth, periodically heterogeneous solid surface. Above the solid surface, a liquid drop is submerged to the solid in a fluid. The measurement of contact angles usually contributes to the measurement of the surface energy of solids in the industry. Different from other methods of measuring the contact angle, such as the sessile drop method, the system utilized in the captive bubble method has the fluid bubble attached from below to the solid surface, in which both the liquid bubble and the solid interact with a fluid.
Application and its significance
Surface Energy of Solids
As a system is formed from a solid surface and a drop of liquid, energy minima and maxima are produced by the free energy of the system. When the solid surface is rough or homogeneous, the system, which is made up of a solid, a liquid, and a fluid, could have multiple minima produced from the free energy at different minima points. One of these minima is called the global minimum. The global minimum has the lowest free energy within the system and is defined to be the stable equilibrium state. Furthermore, the other minima illustrate the metastable equilibrium states of the system. In between these minima are the energy barriers which hinder the motion of energy between the various metastable states in the system. The transition of energy between metastable states is also affected by the availability of external energy of the system, which is as well associated with the volume of the liquid drop on top of the solid surface. Likewise, the volume of the liquid could potentially have an impact on the locations of the minima points, which could influence the contact angles created by the solid and the liquid. Besides, the contact angles are directly related to whether the solid surface is ideal, in other words, whether it is a smooth, heterogeneous surface.
In the Captive Bubble Method, the bubble indicating the liquid drop makes an angle with the solid surface which is called the contact angle. The stability of the liquid phase on the solid is measured with an intrinsic contact angle. Theoretically, the contact angle equals to the value of the local intrinsic contact angle with the assumption of a negligible effect of line tension.
Surface Analysis of Reverse Osmosis Membrane
The measurement of contact angles with the Captive Bubble method could also be useful in the surface analysis of the reverse osmosis membrane for the studying of membrane performances. Through the analysis of contact angles, properties of membranes, such as roughness, can be determined. The roughness of membranes, which indicates the effective surface area, can further lead to the investigation in the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the surface. Through studies, a higher contact angle may correspond to a more hydrophobic surface in membrane analysis. In the performance of the Captive Bubble Method in membrane analysis, several factors can have influence on the contact angle, including the bubble volume, liquid types and tensions.
In the apparatus of the captive bubble method in membrane analysis, the membrane sample is attached to a piece of glass, while a J-shaped needle is inserted from below the glass in the liquid to release air bubbles. In this case, the contact angle between the air bubble and the glass surface is recorded as a function of time to investigate the effect of measurement time.
Surface Tensions of Lung Surface Active Material
In comparison to the use of the captive bubble method in the measurement of contact angles in other cases, the contact angle in the study of lung surfactant monolayer is kept at constant, which is 180 degrees, due to the property of a hydrated agar gel of the ceiling of the bubble. The system applied in the study of lung surfactant is designed to be a leak-proof system, ensuring the independence of the surface film of bubbles from other materials and substances like plastic walls, barriers, and outlets. Instead of adding extra tubing or piercing the bubble air-water interface with needles, this closed system is created by adjusting the pressure within the closed sample chamber by adding or removing aqueous media to regulate the bubble size and surface tension of insoluble films at the bubble surface.
Since the bubble volumes are controlled by modifying the pressure in the sample chamber, the surface area and the surface tension of the surfactant film at the bubble surface are reduced as the volume of the bubble decreases.
The bubble shape, in this case, can vary from spherical to oval shape depending on the surface tension, which can be calculated through the measurement of height and diameter of bubbles. In addition to measuring the surface tension, bubble formation can also be utilized in the measurement of the adsorption of lung surfactant, which defines how quickly substances build up on the air-liquid interface of pulmonary surfactants to form a film.
There are two methods to measure adsorption with captive bubbles:
One method of forming bubbles to measure adsorption is to begin with a small bubble of a diameter of 2–3 mm in a chamber with a diameter of 10 mm then expand or compress it later. The bubble is first introduced into the chamber with a small plastic tubing attached to a 50 µl micro-syringe. It is then expanded through a sudden decrease in pressure inside the captive bubble or an increase in chamber volume by moving the piston on the end of the glass cylinder. To calculate the exact adsorption rate, the initial amount of surfactant on the bubble surface before volume modification has to be taken into consideration.
Another method of measuring adsorption is to start a bubble with a fixed volume instead of a given size or diameter by utilizing a needle on the bottom inlet of the bubble chamber. The fixed volume to start with is usually 200 ml, which is around 7 mm in diameter. Just as the condition for the first method, the accumulation of material on the bubble surface during bubble formation has to be calculated in order to evaluate the exact rate of adsorption.
Comparisons Between Sessile Drop Method and Captive Bubble Method
The sessile drop method is also one popular way to measure contact angles by placing a two-dimensional drop on a solid surface and controlling the volume of liquid in the drop. The sessile drop method and the captive bubble method are usually interchangeable in performing experiments since their common property of symmetry. Specifically, the axis of symmetry of the drop and bubble of the two methods makes the contact line of the drop of liquid with the solid surface circular, which therefore creates an observable contact angle in corresponding to each contact radius of the drop and bubble.
However, interacting with a rough homogeneous surface in measurements of contact angles, the drop and bubble of the two methods each presents different behaviours in the measuring process, which are related to the volume of liquid and contact angles.
On a rough homogeneous surface, the observed contact angle may not represent the actual contact angle with a local slope since it may not be observable on a rough surface. The observed contact angle on a rough surface is also called an apparent angle which is equivalent to the sum of the intrinsic contact angle and the local surface slope at the tangent of the contact slope for a drop or bubble. With the sessile drop method, the observed contact angle usually underestimated the intrinsic contact angle, while the observed contact angle in the captive bubble method overestimates the intrinsic contact angle of the rough surface.
If a graph is plotted respectively for the measurements of contact angles using the sessile drop method and the captive bubble method concerning the volume of liquid within the drop or bubble and the measured contact angle, the geometrical relationships illustrate different characteristics for each method. In consideration of the relationship between contact angles and the position of the contact for a certain volume in the drop or bubble, the highest and lowest possible contact angles on volume are dependent on each other differently in the two methods.
For the amplitude of oscillations shown in the graph, both of the drop and the captive bubble display a similar order of magnitude at a relatively low contact angle. On the other hand, on a rough surface with a relatively high contact angle, the amplitude shown for the drop is larger than that of a captive bubble. The amplitude of oscillation of the lowest highest possible contact angle demonstrates the difference for the drop method and the captive bubble method, in which the amplitude of the graph of the captive bubble method is comparatively larger than that of the graph of the sessile drop method.
In terms of the wavelength of the graph, the wavelength for both methods spans over a large range of volume of liquid on the solid surface. Differences in behaviours of the drop and the bubble vary from the lowest possible contact angles to the highest possible contact angle.
References
Surface science
Instrumental analysis
Bubbles (physics) |
27277460 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20and%20Improved%20%28The%20Spinners%20album%29 | New and Improved (The Spinners album) | New and Improved is the fifth album by American R&B group The Spinners, released in December 1974 on the Atlantic label. Like the Spinners' two previous Atlantic albums, New and Improved was produced by Thom Bell and recorded at Sigma Sound Studios in Philadelphia.
History
New and Improved became the Spinners' third consecutive R&B albums chart-topper and reached #9 on the Billboard 200, their first top 10 album on this chart. The album includes "Then Came You", featuring Dionne Warwick and the group's only single to top the Billboard Hot 100 (it was denied the top spot on the R&B chart by Kool & the Gang's "Higher Plane"), and the top 10 R&B singles "Living A Little, Laughing A Little" and "Sadie" – the latter track was covered by R. Kelly on his 1993 debut solo album 12 Play.
Track listing
Personnel
Billy Henderson, Bobby Smith, Philippé Wynne, Henry Fambrough, Pervis Jackson – vocals
Dionne Warwick – vocals on "Then Came You"
Linda Creed, Barbara Ingram, Carla Benson, Evette Benton – backing vocals
Tony Bell, Bobby Eli, Don Murray – guitars
Thom Bell – keyboards
Walter Pfeil – harp
Bob Babbitt – bass guitar
Don Renaldo – strings
Andrew Smith – drums
Larry Washington – congas, bongos
Jack Faith – alto saxophone, flute
Rocco Bene, Bobby Hartzell – trumpet
Joe DeAngelis, Milt Phibbs, Danny Davis – French horn
Freddie Joiner, Bobby Moore, Richie Genevese, Ed Cascarella – trombone
Charts
Singles
See also
List of number-one R&B albums of 1975 (U.S.)
References
External links
1974 albums
The Spinners (American R&B group) albums
Albums produced by Thom Bell
Albums arranged by Thom Bell
Albums recorded at Sigma Sound Studios
Atlantic Records albums |
39925223 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamir%20gol%20mine | Tamir gol mine | The Tamir gol mine (, Tamir River) is an iron mine located in the Tüvshrüülekh sum of Arkhangai aimag in central Mongolia.
The reserves of the mine are estimated at up to of iron, at an ore concentration between 42 and 49%.
References
Iron mines in Mongolia |
1961613 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Tasmania | Supreme Court of Tasmania | The Supreme Court of Tasmania is the highest State court in the Australian State of Tasmania. In the Australian court hierarchy, the Supreme Court of Tasmania is in the middle level, with both an appellate jurisdiction over lower courts, and decisions made by Court to be heard on appeal by the High Court of Australia.
The ordinary sittings of the Court occur in Hobart, Launceston and Burnie in Tasmania. The Court's Appeal division sits only in Hobart.
History of the Court
The Supreme Court of Van Diemen's Land (as Tasmania was then known) was established by The Royal Letters Patent of 13 October 1823 and commenced activities on 10 May 1824.<ref>Supreme Court History – Charter of Justice, Supreme Court of Tasmania</ref> The Court is the oldest Supreme Court in Australia and predates the Supreme Court of New South Wales, if only by a period of just ten days. The supreme courts of Tasmania and New South Wales were initiated through the New South Wales Act 1823, and this gave those courts jurisdiction over New Zealand. Sir John Pedder, after whom Lake Pedder is named, was the first Chief Justice of the court.
The first counsel to appear before the Court was Joseph Tice Gellibrand, who was appointed Tasmania's first Attorney-General, and took his oaths on the first day of the new Court. The first case before the Court was the trial of William Tibbs, who was found guilty and sentenced for manslaughter, receiving 3 years transportation.
Jurisdiction of the Court
It has unlimited jurisdiction within the state in civil matters and hears the most serious criminal matters. It is around the middle of the Australian court hierarchy. The Supreme Court consists of a Trial Division (also known as Original Jurisdiction) and an Appeal Division (or Appellate Jurisdiction). When sitting in its appellate jurisdiction in civil matters it is the "Full Court"; for criminal matters it is the "Tasmanian Court of Criminal Appeal".
Appeals from the Appeal Division of the Court are to the High Court of Australia. It was previously possible to appeal decisions of the Court of Appeal or the Court of Criminal Appeal (both parts of the Appeal Division) to the British Privy Council, but this ceased in 1986 when the Parliament of Australia passed the Australia Act 1986, which barred all such appeals to the Privy Council from Australian courts.
Civil matters involving consent orders, or for disputes involving less than $50,000, are dealt with by the Magistrates Court except in exceptional circumstances.
The Court receives appeals from Magistrate Courts in Tasmania in both criminal and civil matters. Committal proceedings, which are used in criminal matters to establish whether there is sufficient evidence against an accused person to warrant the time and expense of a trial, were abolished in Tasmania in 2000 with the amendment of the Justices Act 1959 (Tas). The Justices Act 1959'' now provides that where there has been a plea of not guilty by an accused, there must be an order committing them for trial in the Supreme Court.
Unlike some other Australian states, Tasmania does not have an intermediate court division between the Supreme Court and the Magistrates Courts (such as a "District Court" or a "County Court").
Composition of the Court
The Supreme Court of Tasmania is composed of up to seven judges appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Executive Council, a body of senior ministers including the state Premier. the judges of the Supreme Court of Tasmania are:
The Associate Judge, a lower-ranking judicial officer previously called the Master, has responsibility for largely procedural matters in civil and criminal proceedings, and for some work in assessing the damages (amounts claimable) in civil proceedings.
2021 Supreme Court of Tasmania ruling
In February 2021, it was reported by LGBTQI+ media the Star Observer - Tasmania never officially legally ever recognized same-sex relationships at all from a ruling of the Supreme Court of Tasmania.
See also
Judiciary of Australia
List of Judges of the Supreme Court of Tasmania
List of Tasmanian Supreme Court cases
Notes
References
External links
Supreme Court of Tasmania home page
Tasmania
Landmarks in Hobart
1824 establishments in Australia
Courts and tribunals established in 1824 |
22718066 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4vre | Jävre | Jävre is a locality in Piteå Municipality, Norrbotten County, Sweden, with 576 inhabitants in 2010.
References
Populated places in Piteå Municipality
Norrbotten |
7491957 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CKCL | CKCL | CKCL may refer to:
CKCL-FM, a radio station (107.1 FM) licensed to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, which now holds the CKCL call sign since 2013.
CKKS-FM, a radio station (104.9 FM) licensed to Chilliwack, British Columbia, Canada, which held the CKCL call sign from 2004 to 2009.
CKTY-FM, a radio station (99.5 FM) licensed to Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada, which held the call sign CKCL from 1947 to 2001
CKTO-FM, a radio station (100.9 FM) licensed to Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada, which held the call sign CKCL-FM from 1965 to the mid-1970s |
69676519 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cora%20cuzcoensis | Cora cuzcoensis | Cora cuzcoensis is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in Peru, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by María Holgado-Rojas, Eimy Rivas-Plata, and Gary Perlmutter. The specific epithet cuzcoensis refers to the type locality in the Cusco Province, near Machu Picchu. It is only known to occur here, where it grows on the ground near a disturbed rainforest. Similar in appearance (but not closely related) is Cora caliginosa.
References
cuzcoensis
Lichens described in 2016
Lichens of Peru
Basidiolichens |
67746152 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiss%20This | Kiss This | Kiss This may refer to:
Kiss This (album), a 1992 compilation album by the Sex Pistols
Kiss This (Aaron Tippin song)
Kiss This (The Struts song) |
28960232 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawngkan | Kawngkan | Kawngkan is the name of several villages in Burma:
Kawngkan (24°55"N 94°54"E) -Homalin Township, Sagaing Region
Kawngkan (24°42'N 94°38'E) -Homalin Township, Sagaing Region |
60113622 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019%20Sun%20Belt%20Conference%20Men%27s%20Basketball%20Tournament | 2019 Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament | The 2019 Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for Sun Belt Conference during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Tournament first-round games were played at the campus of the higher seeded team on March 12. The remainder of the tournament was held from March 14–17, 2019, in New Orleans, Louisiana, at Lakefront Arena. Georgia State defeated UT Arlington 73–64 in the championship game to win the tournament, and received the conference's automatic bid to the 2019 NCAA Tournament. It was the third tournament championship for Georgia State, and their second consecutive.
Seeds
Only the top 10 of the 12 conference teams were eligible for the tournament. The 3rd and 4th place teams received a double bye to the quarterfinals of the tournament, while the top 2 teams received a triple bye to the semifinals. Teams were seeded by record within the conference, with a tiebreaker system to seed teams with identical conference records.
Schedule
Bracket
References
Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
Tournament
Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament
Sun Belt Conference Men's Basketball Tournament |
2841597 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Donovan | Martin Donovan | Martin Donovan (born Martin Paul Smith; August 19, 1957) is an American actor. He has had a long collaboration with director Hal Hartley, appearing in many of his films, such as Trust (1990), Surviving Desire (1991), Simple Men (1992), Amateur (1994), Flirt (1995), and The Book of Life (1998), starring as Jesus Christ in the latter. Donovan played Tom Gordon on Ghost Whisperer. Donovan also played Peter Scottson on Showtime's cable series Weeds. He made his writing/directorial debut with the film Collaborator (2011). Donovan played Detective Hap Eckhart in Christopher Nolan's psychological thriller Insomnia (2002) and the Protagonist's CIA handler, Fay, in Nolan's science fiction action thriller film Tenet (2020).
Life
Donovan was born Martin Paul Smith in Reseda, California.
He graduated from Crespi Carmelite High School and attended Pierce College for two years. He attended American Theater Arts, a combined conservatory and theater company in Los Angeles, where he appeared in the plays Richard's Cork Leg by Brendan Behan and Private Life of the Master Race by Bertold Brecht. In 1983, he and his future wife, Vivian, moved to New York City. He joined the off-off-Broadway Cucaracha Theater on Greenwich Street.
Donovan married actress Vivian Lanko in 1984; they have two sons. They lived in New York City for many years before relocating to Vancouver.
Career
Donovan has appeared in fourteen episodes of the Showtime television series Weeds, which stars Mary-Louise Parker, for which he was nominated for a SAG Award for Outstanding Performance by An Ensemble in a Comedy Series. He has also acted with Parker in Saved!, Pipe Dream and The Portrait of a Lady. For the latter film, he won the National Society of Film Critics' Award for best supporting actor.
Filmography
References
External links
1957 births
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
American emigrants to Canada
American male film actors
American male stage actors
American male television actors
living people
male actors from Los Angeles
people from Reseda, Los Angeles |
14650996 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diglucosyl%20diacylglycerol%20synthase | Diglucosyl diacylglycerol synthase | In enzymology, a diglucosyl diacylglycerol synthase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
UDP-glucose + 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1->2)-O-alpha-D- glucopyranosyl)sn-glycerol + UDP
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol, whereas its 2 products are 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)sn-glycerol, and UDP.
This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol (1->2) glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include monoglucosyl diacylglycerol (1->2) glucosyltransferase, MGlcDAG (1->2) glucosyltransferase, and DGlcDAG synthase. It employs one cofactor, magnesium.
References
EC 2.4.1
Magnesium enzymes
Enzymes of unknown structure |
52761647 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20City%20Board%20of%20Correction | New York City Board of Correction | The New York City Board of Correction (BOC) is an agency of the New York City government that regulates conditions of confinement, correctional health, and mental health care in city correctional facilities.
See also
New York City Department of Correction
References
External links
Board of Correction in the Rules of the City of New York
Correction
New York City Department of Correction |
53543389 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Gra%C3%9Fm%C3%BCck | Daniel Graßmück | Daniel Graßmück (born 8 January 1987) is an Austrian badminton player.
Achievements
BWF International Challenge/Series
Men's doubles
BWF International Challenge tournament
BWF International Series tournament
BWF Future Series tournament
References
External links
Living people
Austrian male badminton players
1987 births |
5563622 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma%20Wray | Emma Wray | Emma Wray (born Gillian Elizabeth Wray, 22 March 1965 in Birkenhead (Cheshire, now Merseyside) is an English television actress. She attended the Merseyside Council-funded Glenda Jackson Theatre whilst still at Park High School in Birkenhead; she went on to study Theatre Arts at Rose Bruford College of Speech and Drama from 1983 to 1986, and was given her first leading TV role two months after receiving her BA.
She is best known for starring as Brenda Wilson in the Granada Television sitcom Watching between 1987 and 1993, for which she also sang the theme tune "What Does He See In Me?" She also played a major role in Yorkshire Television's Stay Lucky throughout the same period, along with roles in many TV series such as Boon and Minder, and TV films including Defrosting the Fridge. After several years away from television, she returned to primetime TV in 1996 with the lead role in the drama comedy True Love, created by Men Behaving Badly writer Simon Nye. Nye adapted the drama into the series My Wonderful Life, which co-starred Elizabeth Berrington and Tony Robinson and ran for three series from 1996 to 1999.
Television appearances
Watching as Brenda (1987–1993)
Minder as Tracy (1989)
Defrosting the Fridge as Minty Goodenough (1989)
Boon as Pandora (1990)
Stay Lucky as Pippa (1990–1993)
The Big Game as Julie (1995)
True Love (1996)
My Wonderful Life as Donna (1996–1999)
External links
References
1965 births
Living people
People from Birkenhead
English television actresses |
7285035 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Man%27s%20Way | A Man's Way | A Man's Way is a 1914 American silent short film directed by Sydney Ayres, starring William Garwood, Charlotte Burton and Louise Lester.
Cast
Charlotte Burton
William Garwood
Louise Lester
Jack Richardson
Vivian Rich
Harry Van Meter
External links
1914 films
1914 drama films
American drama films
American silent short films
American black-and-white films
1914 short films
American films
Films directed by Sydney Ayres |
50450870 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spyridon%20of%20Antioch | Spyridon of Antioch | Patriarch Spyridon (secular name Anastasios Efthimiou, ) was Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch (1891–1898).
Literature
Якушев М. И. Первый Патриарх-араб на Антиохийском престоле // Восточный архив, 2006. — № 14-15. — С. 99-106
External links
Primates of the Apostolic See of Antioch
Greek Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch
19th-century Eastern Orthodox bishops |
70024015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirza%20Nikolajev | Mirza Nikolajev | Mirza Nikolajev is a Bosnian luger who competes internationally.
He represented his country at the 2022 Winter Olympics.
References
Living people
2001 births
Lugers at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Olympic lugers of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina male lugers
Sportspeople from Sarajevo |
23015747 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Matriarch | The Matriarch | The Matriarch (Finnish: Lieksa!) is a 2007 Finnish comedy-drama film written, directed and edited by Markku Pölönen and produced by the Pölönen-owned film production company Suomen Filmiteollisuus.
Plot
Martta (Sanna-Kaisa Palo) and Otto (Heikki Kinnunen) are a pair of traveling tailors who claim to be bastard descendants of the Romanovs and wander from town to town in Finland seeking work, accompanied by their two half-witted adult sons, Hippo (Tuomas Uusitalo), Repe (Tatu Siivonen) and equally silly son-in-law Ventti (Toni Wahlström). The family occasionally turns to crime when they can't quite make ends meet, and the boys begin turning to violence with greater frequency when Otto weakens and Martta becomes the head of the family business. Their fortunes take an unexpected turn when the brothers assault and abduct a man they call Kasper (Samuli Vauramo), who becomes the family's sidekick in their travels. Despite Kasper's inability to speak, he attracts Martta's youngest daughter, an attractive young woman named Lara (Jenni Banerjee), but the family is in disarray when a long-lost half-brother, Laszlo (Peter Franzén), suddenly re-emerges and tries to wrest control of the clan away from his mother.
Cast
Peter Franzén - Laszlo
Sanna-Kaisa Palo - Martta
Samuli Vauramo - Kasper
Jenni Banerjee - Lara
Heikki Kinnunen - Niccolo/Otto
Toni Wahlström - Ventti
Lotta Lehtikari - Veera
Elina Knihtilä - Roosa
Puntti Valtonen - Jori
Janne Reinikainen - Lutku
Heikki Hela - Mojo
Soundtrack
The soundtrack includes the song "While Your Lips are Still Red" by Tuomas Holopainen and Marko Hietala.
External links
Finnish films
2007 films
Films directed by Markku Pölönen |
33925911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propionispora | Propionispora | Propionispora is a genus of Firmicutes bacteria classified within the class Negativicutes.
References
Veillonellaceae
Gram-negative bacteria
Bacteria genera |
21554859 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdugo%20Park | Verdugo Park | Verdugo Park is a large regional park in the southeastern Verdugo Mountains, within Glendale in Los Angeles County, California.
It is located at Cañada Boulevard near Verdugo Road and Glendale Community College.
Amenities
Ballfield,
Basketball Court,
Childrenís Play Area,
Horseshoe Court,
Picnic Areas,
Skate Park,
Special Facilities.
References
External links
Glendale City Parks: Verdugo Park website - in North Glendale
Verdugo Park: Description
Parks in Los Angeles County, California
Glendale, California
Verdugo Mountains
Tourist attractions in Glendale, California |
69498346 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr%20Bryhadzin | Piotr Bryhadzin | Piotr Bryhadzin (; 24 August 1949 – 12 December 2021) was a Belarusian politician and historian. He served as from 2001 to 2003.
References
1949 births
2021 deaths
People from Ivanava District
Government ministers of Belarus
Communist Party of Byelorussia politicians
Belarusian historians
Belarusian male writers
Male non-fiction writers |
66129566 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mask%20Singer%3A%20Adivina%20qui%C3%A9n%20canta%20%28season%201%29 | Mask Singer: Adivina quién canta (season 1) | The first season of Mask Singer: Adivina quién canta premiered on 4 November 2020, and lasted for 8 episodes. On 23 December 2020, Catrina (actress Paz Vega) was declared the winner.
Panelists and host
Arturo Valls served as the show's host, and was joined by a permanent panel of 'investigators' composed of actors Javier Calvo and Javier Ambrossi, singer Malú and comedian José Mota. Some episodes also featured guest panelists. Classical singer Ainhoa Arteta (who would later make a guest appearance in season 2 as "Paella") was initially slated to be in the panel, but pulled out due to delays in production caused by the coronavirus pandemic and was replaced by Malú. Also, Vanesa Martín stood in for Malú when she missed a taping due to injury and Eva González appeared as a guest investigator.
Contestants
Guest masks
The following two celebrities also appeared under a mask for one-off performances.
Episodes
Week 1 (4 November)
Week 2 (11 November)
Week 3 (18 November)
Week 4 (25 November)
Week 5 (2 December)
Vanesa Martín stood in for an absent Malú in the investigators' panel.
Week 6 (9 December)
Eva González appeared as a guest investigator.
Week 7 (16 December)
Week 8 (23 December)
Ratings
References
2020 Spanish television seasons
Masked Singer |
1587076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergiu%20Comissiona | Sergiu Comissiona | Sergiu Comissiona (June 16, 1928 – March 5, 2005) was a Romanian-Israeli-American conductor and violinist.
Biography
Early life
Born in Bucharest, Romania in a Jewish family, he began violin studies at the age of five, was hired as a violinist by the Romanian State Ensemble while still in his teens, making his conducting debut at the age of 17. In his twenties he was named principal conductor of the Romanian National Opera, which he led from 1955 to 1959.
Career
He fled the Communist regime in 1959 and emigrated to Israel. In 1960 he founded the Ramat Gan Chamber Orchestra, which he led until 1967. He also directed the Haifa Symphony from 1959 until 1966. He made his American debut with the Philadelphia Orchestra in 1965 and emigrated to the United States in 1968. Later he was also music director of the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra, Sweden, from 1966 to 1977, and became chief conductor of the Netherlands Radio Philharmonic in Hilversum, Netherlands, in 1982. Comissiona also held music directorships with some of North America's leading ensembles, including the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra, the Houston Symphony, the Vancouver Symphony Orchestra and was also music director of the New York City Opera. Beginning in 1969 he spent 15 years with the Baltimore Orchestra and transformed it from a little-known ensemble into a nationally respected orchestra, eventually taking it on its first international tour and directing it in its first recordings. He was also the Music Director of the Asian Youth Orchestra. Comissiona was principal conductor of the Spanish national broadcasting network orchestra in Madrid, the RTVE Symphony Orchestra, from 1990 to 1998.
From 1997 until his death, Comissiona served as the conductor of the University of Southern California Thornton School of Music Symphony
World premiere and other notable performances
He premiered and made the first recordings of a number of modern works including symphonies by Allan Pettersson, who dedicated his Symphony No. 9 to him, as well as works by Michael Jeffrey Shapiro and Elie Siegmeister. Comissiona conducted Siegmeister's An Entertainment for Violin, Piano, and Orchestra at the Merriwether Post Pavilion on July 2, 1976 with Ann Saslav, piano, and Isidor Saslav, the BSO's concertmaster, as soloists. The Saslavs had commissioned the work from Siegmeister.
In 1968, Comissiona conducted the first performance of Rued Langgaard's Music of the Spheres in 46 years (since 1922), which ignited a renaissance for Langgaard's music.
Personal life
Comissiona and his wife became American citizens on July 4, 1976, at a special Bicentennial ceremony at Fort McHenry on Baltimore Harbor. He was a longtime resident of New York City. He died of a heart attack in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma just hours before he was to perform.
Honours and awards
He was made a Knight of l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres of France; received a Mus D. honoris causa from the New England Conservatory in Boston, Massachusetts; was an honorary member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music and founder national competition for young American conductors of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra.
References
External links
Interview with Sergiu Comissiona, December 29, 1995
site conductorsguild 2008
Further reading
1928 births
2005 deaths
American male conductors (music)
Romanian Jews
Romanian emigrants to Israel
Musicians from Bucharest
University of Southern California people
Romanian conductors (music)
Male conductors (music)
Romanian emigrants to the United States
Texas classical music
Prize-winners of the International Besançon Competition for Young Conductors
American violinists
American male violinists
20th-century violinists
20th-century American conductors (music)
20th-century American male musicians |
21710077 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20von%20Milde | Hans von Milde | Hans Feodor von Milde (13 April 1821 – 10 December 1899) was an Austrian operatic baritone and the husband of the soprano Rosa von Milde (née Agthe). He sang for almost four decades at the court opera in Weimar where he particularly excelled in the works of Richard Wagner. For many years, Milde sang under the direction of Franz Liszt, notably creating the role of Telramund in the world premiere of Richard Wagner's Lohengrin under his baton. He sang in several other notable premieres, including singing the role of the High Priest in the first stage performance of Camille Saint-Saëns's Samson et Dalila in 1877.
Biography
Von Milde was born in Petronell, near Vienna, the son of an administrator for Prince Gusztáv Batthyány. He initially planned to study law in Vienna but ultimately ended up studying singing under Franz Hauser and later under the younger Manuel García in Paris. In 1845, he began his opera career at the Weimar court opera where he remained as a member of the company for his entire career under a lifetime contract. He developed a friendship, both professionally and personally, with Franz Liszt who led the opera performances there from 1848-1858. He notably sang Telramund in the world premiere of Richard Wagner's Lohengrin in 1850 under Liszt's baton. He sang several other Wagner roles with Liszt, including the title role in Der fliegende Holländer, Hans Sachs in Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, and Kurwenal in Tristan und Isolde.
In 1851, von Milde married the soprano Rosa Agthe, with whom he had shared the stage many times. They had two sons Franz von Milde (1855–1929) and (1859–1927), both of whom became successful opera singers. In 1852 von Milde portrayed Fieramosca in the premiere of Liszt's revised version of Hector Berlioz’s Benvenuto Cellini and his wife sang the role of Teresa. The couple also notably sang in the world premieres of Heinrich Dorn's Die Nibelungen on 22 January 1854, Franz Schubert's Alfonso und Estrella on 24 June 1854, Peter Cornelius's Der Barbier von Bagdad on 15 December 1858 and Cornelius's Der Cid in 1865. Hans also sang the High Priest in the first stage performance of Samson et Dalila, at Weimar (1877).
Both Hans and his wife retired from the opera stage in Weimar in 1884 and they both began working as singing teachers. Their son Franz published a biography about his parents (Ein ideales Künstlerehepaar, Rosa und Feodor von Milde. Ihre Kunst und ihre Zeit) in 1918. Music historian Carlo Droste also wrote a book on the von Milde family (Die Familie von Milde) which was published in 1907.
References
1821 births
1899 deaths
19th-century Austrian male opera singers
Operatic baritones
Pupils of Manuel García (baritone)
Lohengrin |
57344982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanoplus%20bruneri | Melanoplus bruneri | Melanoplus bruneri, known generally as the Bruner's spur-throat grasshopper or Bruner's locust, is a species of spur-throated grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is found in North America.
References
Melanoplinae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Insects described in 1897 |
30479467 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahnaz%20Wazir%20Ali | Shahnaz Wazir Ali | Shahnaz Wazir Ali is a Pakistani politician who served as member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 2008 to 2013.
Political career
She was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of Pakistan Peoples Party on a seat reserved for women from Punjab in the 2008 Pakistani general election. She was inducted into the federal cabinet of Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani and was made Adviser to the Prime Minister on Social Sector.
In 2012, she was appointed as a special assistant to Prime Minister Raja Pervaiz Ashraf with the status of minister of state.
References
Living people
Pakistan Peoples Party politicians
Year of birth missing (living people)
Pakistani MNAs 2008–2013
Women members of the National Assembly of Pakistan
St Joseph's Convent School, Karachi alumni
21st-century Pakistani women politicians |
25259546 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20awards%20and%20nominations%20received%20by%20the%20Beatles | List of awards and nominations received by the Beatles | The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. With a lineup that consisted of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the group has been regarded as the foremost and most influential music band in popular music history. The group received various awards and nominations during their career as a band, and has received more since their break-up.
Academy Awards
The Academy Awards, commonly known as the "Oscars", are a set of awards given by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences annually for excellence of cinematic achievements.
!Ref.
|-
|1971
|Let It Be
|Best Music (Original Song Score)
|
|
American Music Awards
The American Music Awards have been awarded annually since 1973 and determined by a poll of music buyers. The Beatles have received one nomination, plus one special award determined by an Internet poll.
|Ref:
|-
| 1997
|Anthology 1
|Favorite Pop/Rock Album
|
|
|-
Awit Awards
The Awit Awards are music awards in the Philippines given annually by the Philippine Association of the Record Industry (PARI) to recognize the outstanding achievements in the music industry. The Beatles won one award.
|-
| 1969
|The Beatles
|Vocal Group of the Year - Foreign
|
|-
Billboard Music Awards
The Billboard Music Awards honor artists for commercial performance in the U.S., based on record charts published by Billboard. The awards are based on sales data by Nielsen SoundScan and radio information by Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems. The award ceremony was held from 1990 to 2007, until its reintroduction in 2011.
|-
| rowspan=3|2001
| 1
| Album of the Year
|
|-
| rowspan=2|The Beatles
| Albums Artist of the Year
|
|-
| Duo/Group Albums Artist of the Year
|
Brit Awards
The Brit Awards, originally known as the BPI Awards, were created by the British Phonographic Industry. The Beatles have received four awards. (The initial awards covered the 25-year period from 1952 to 1977. Since 1982, the awards have been an annual event.)
|-
|rowspan="4"|1977
|"She Loves You"
|British Single of the Year
|
|-
|Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
|British Album of the Year
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|The Beatles
|British Group
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|Outstanding Contribution to Music
|
|-
|1983
|
|-
Echo Music Prize
The Echo Music Prize, established in 1992, are held annually and are granted by the Deutsche Phono-Akademie. The Beatles have received two nominations.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2001
| rowspan="2" | The Beatles
| rowspan="2" | Best International Group
|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2007
|
|-
Fryderyk
The Fryderyk is an annual award ceremony in Poland, presented by the Związek Producentów Audio Video, the IFPI Poland, since 1994. The Beatles have received one nomination.
!
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2006
| Love
| Best Foreign Album
|
|
Grammy Awards
The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences in the United States. The Beatles have received seven competitive awards out of 23 nominations (excluding special awards or awards for individuals). Also, John Lennon and Paul McCartney won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year for "Michelle" in 1967, and all four members of the Beatles received an award for Let It Be for Best Original Score Written for A Motion Picture or A Television Special in 1971. The Beatles were also credited as performers in the Grammy Award for Best Surround Sound Album for Love in 2008 won by the engineers and producers although the Beatles were ineligible for the awards.
!
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| 1965
| "I Want to Hold Your Hand"
| Record of the Year
|
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"|
|-
| rowspan="2"|"A Hard Day's Night"
| Best Contemporary Song
|
|-
| Best Performance by a Vocal Group
|
|-
| The Beatles
| Best New Artist
|
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 1966
| rowspan="2"|"Help!"
| Contemporary Rock & Roll Group Vocal Performance
|
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"|
|-
| Vocal Group Performance
|
|-
| Help!
| Album of the Year
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 1967
| Revolver
| Album of the Year
|
|-
| "Michelle"
| Song of the Year
|
|style="text-align:center;"|
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| 1968
| rowspan="4"|Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
| Album of the Year
|
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"|
|-
| Best Contemporary Album
|
|-
| Group Vocal Performance
|
|-
| Contemporary Vocal Group
|
|-
|"A Day in the Life"
|Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s)
|
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 1969
| Magical Mystery Tour
| Album of the Year
|
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;"|
|-
| rowspan="2"|"Hey Jude"
| Record of the Year
|
|-
| Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 1970
| rowspan="2"|Abbey Road
| Album of the Year
|
|-
| Contemporary Vocal Group
|
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 1971
| "Let It Be"
| Record of the Year
|
|-
| rowspan="2"|Let It Be
| Contemporary Vocal Group
|
|-
| Best Original Score Written for a Motion Picture
|
| style="text-align:center;"|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1996
| Live at the BBC
| Best Historical Album
|
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"|
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 1997
| The Beatles Anthology
| Best Music Video, Long Form
|
|-
| rowspan="2"|"Free as a Bird"
| Best Music Video, Short Form
|
|-
| Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal
|
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award
The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award is presented to those who, during their lifetimes, have made creative contributions of outstanding artistic significance to the field of recording. The Beatles won the award in 2014.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2014
| The Beatles
| Lifetime Achievement Award
|
|-
Grammy Trustees Award
The Grammy Trustees Award is presented to individuals who, during their careers in music, have made significant contributions, other than performance, to the field of recording. The Beatles won the award in 1972.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1972
| The Beatles
| Trustee Award
|
|-
Grammy Hall of Fame
The Grammy Hall of Fame was established by The Recording Academy's National Trustees in 1973 to honor recordings of lasting qualitative or historical significance that are at least 25 years old.
|-
|1993
|Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
|rowspan="2" |Inductee Album
|
|-
|1995
|Abbey Road
|
|-
|1997
|"Yesterday"
|rowspan="2" |Inductee Song
|
|-
|1998
|"I Want to Hold Your Hand"
|
|-
|rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|1999
|Revolver
|Inductee Album
|
|-
|"Strawberry Fields Forever"
|Inductee Song
|
|-
|rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|2000
|The Beatles
|rowspan="3" |Inductee Album
|
|-
|Rubber Soul
|
|-
|A Hard Day's Night
|
|-
|rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|2001
|"Hey Jude"
|rowspan="1" |Inductee Song
|
|-
|Meet the Beatles!
|Inductee Album
|
|-
|2002
|"Eleanor Rigby"
|rowspan="4" |Inductee Song
|
|-
|2004
|"Let It Be"
|
|-
|2008
|"Help!"
|
|-
|2011
|"Penny Lane"
|
|-
Ivor Novello Awards
The Ivor Novello Awards are presented annually in London by the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA). The Beatles' songs were awarded fourteen times, while the group has received a Special Award.
|-
|rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"|1964
|rowspan="2" |"She Loves You"
|The Most Broadcast Work of the Year
|
|-
|The ‘A’ Side of the Record Issued in 1963 Which Achieved the Highest Certified British Sales
|
|-
|"All My Loving"
|The Year's Outstanding Song
|
|-
|The Beatles
|Special Award for Outstanding Services to British Music
|
|-
|rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"|1965
|"Can't Buy Me Love"
|rowspan="2" |The Most Performed Work of the Year
|
|-
|"A Hard Day's Night"
|
|-
|"Can't Buy Me Love"
|rowspan="2" |The ‘A’ Side of the Record Issued in 1964 Which Achieved the Highest Certified British Sales
|
|-
|"I Feel Fine"
|
|-
|"A Hard Day's Night"
|The Year's Outstanding Theme from Radio, TV or Film
|
|-
|rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|1966
|"We Can Work It Out"
|rowspan="2" |The ‘A’ Side of the Record Issued in 1965 Which Achieved the Highest Certified British Sales
|
|-
|"Help!"
|
|-
|"Yesterday"
|Outstanding Song of 1965
|
|-
|rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|1967
|"Michelle"
|rowspan="2" | The Most Performed Work of the Year
|
|-
|"Yesterday"
|
|-
|"Yellow Submarine"
|The ‘A’ Side of the Record Issued in 1966 Which Achieved the Highest Certified British Sales
|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1968
|"She's Leaving Home"
|Best British Song, Musically and Lyrically
|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1969
|"Hey Jude"
|The ‘A’ Side of the Record Issued in 1968 Which Achieved the Highest Certified British Sales
|
|-
|rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|1970
|"Get Back"
|The ‘A’ Side of the Record Issued in 1969 Which Achieved the Highest Certified British Sales
|
|-
|"Ob-La-Di Ob-La-Da"
|The Most Performed Work of the Year
|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1971
|"Something"
| Best Song Musically and Lyrically
|
|-
Japan Gold Disc Awards
The Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) presents the Japan Gold Disc Awards, honoring music sales in the country. The Beatles have received twelve awards.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1994
|The Beatles
|International Artist of the Year
|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1997
|Anthology Vol.1 & 2
|International Album of the Year
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|2001
| The Beatles
|International Artist of the Year
|
|-
|1
|Best 4 Albums
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|1994
|The Beatles
|International Artist of the Year
|
|-
|1962–1966
|Best International Rock Album
|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2010
|rowspan="2"|The Beatles
|rowspan="2"|International Artist of the Year
|
|-
|rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |2016
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |1
|International Album of the Year
|
|-
|Best 3 Albums
|
|-
|Best Music Video
|
|-
MOJO Awards
The MOJO Awards was a British award show given by music magazine Mojo.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|2010
| The Beatles Remastered
|Catalogue Release Of The Year
|
|-
Meteor Music Awards
Launched in 2001, the Meteor Music Awards are awarded for achievements in the Irish and international record industry. The Beatles has received one award.
|-
| 2001
| 1
| Best Selling International Group Album
|
MTV Video Music Awards
The MTV Video Music Awards (VMAs) is an award show by the cable network MTV to honor the top music videos of the year. It was first held at the end of the summer of 1984, and originally was an alternative to the Grammy Award in the video category. The Beatles have received one award out of two nominations.
|-
| 1984
| The Beatles
| Video Vanguard Award
|
|-
| 1996
| "Free as a Bird"
| Best Special Effects in a Video
|
NME Awards
The NME Awards is an annual British award show given by music magazine NME. The Beatles have won seventeen times.
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|1963
| rowspan="2" |The Beatles
|World Vocal Group
|
|-
|British Vocal Group
|
|-
|"She Loves You"
|Best British Disc Of The Year
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|1964
| rowspan="2" |The Beatles
|Outstanding Vocal Group
|
|-
|British Vocal Group
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|1965
| rowspan="2" |The Beatles
|World Vocal Group
|
|-
|British Vocal Group
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|1966
|"Eleanor Rigby"
|Best British Disc This Year
|
|-
|The Beatles
|British Vocal Group
|
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|1968
| rowspan="2" |The Beatles
|World Vocal Group
|
|-
|British Vocal Group
|
|-
|"Hey Jude"
|Best British Disc Of The Year
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|1970
|Let It Be
|1970s Best British LP
|
|-
|The Beatles
|Top British Group
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|1971
|Let It Be
|1970s Best British LP
|
|-
|rowspan="2" |The Beatles
|Top British Group
|
|-
|2000
|Best Band Ever
|
|-
Q Awards
The Q Awards are a British annual awards held by music magazine Q, established in 1990. The Beatles have won one time.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1996
| Anthology 1
|Best Reissue/Compilation
|
|-
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, established in 1983 and located in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, is dedicated to recording the history of some of the best-known and most influential musicians, bands, producers, and others that have in some major way influenced the music industry, particularly in the area of rock and roll. The Beatles were inducted in 1988.
|-
| 1988
| The Beatles
|Honored Artist
|
|-
UK Music Hall of Fame
The UK Music Hall of Fame was an awards ceremony to honour musicians for their lifetime contributions to music in the United Kingdom. The first ceremony inducted five founder members selected by committee of music experts, one for every decade since the 1950s. The Beatles were awarded for the 1960s.
|-
| 2004
| The Beatles
|Founding member
|
|-
Vocal Group Hall of Fame
The Vocal Group Hall Of Fame was founded in 1997 to honor the greatest vocal groups of all time who have achieved worldwide recognition by way of their recordings, television appearances and other entertainment media. The Beatles were inducted in 2004.
|-
| 2004
| The Beatles
|Honored Artist
|
|-
World Music Awards
The World Music Awards, established in 1989, are held annually and honour worldwide sales figures. The Beatles have received two competitive awards and the Diamond Award, given to recording artists who have sold over 100 million albums throughout their career.
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2001
| rowspan="2" |The Beatles
|World's Best Selling Pop Rock Artists/Group
|
|-
|World's Best Selling British Artist
|
|-
|2008
|The Beatles
|Chopard Diamond award
|
|-
See also
List of awards and nominations received by Paul McCartney
List of awards and nominations received by George Harrison
References
Beatles, The
History of the Beatles
Beatles |
53069692 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20Sullivan | Alfred Sullivan | Alfred Sullivan (10 December 1872 – 25 September 1942) was an Australian cricketer. He played three first-class matches for New South Wales between 1904/05 and 1906/07.
See also
List of New South Wales representative cricketers
References
External links
1872 births
1942 deaths
Australian cricketers
New South Wales cricketers
Cricketers from Sydney |
20515701 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%20Lo%20Duca | Tim Lo Duca | Tim Lo Duca (born 17 December 1985) is a Slovenian footballer who plays for Miklavž.
Career
Lo Duca began his senior career with Primorje in 2003. In February 2006, he was signed by Domžale. From January to June 2008, Lo Duca was loaned to Livar. In July 2009, he signed a contract with Rudar Velenje.
References
External links
Player profile at NZS
Player profile at Austrian Football Association
1985 births
Living people
People from Tolmin
Slovenian footballers
Association football forwards
Slovenian PrvaLiga players
Slovenian Second League players
NK Primorje players
NK Domžale players
NK Ivančna Gorica players
NK Nafta Lendava players
NK Rudar Velenje players
Slovenian expatriate footballers
Slovenian expatriate sportspeople in Austria
Expatriate footballers in Austria
Slovenia youth international footballers
Slovenia under-21 international footballers |
403332 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/67%20%28number%29 | 67 (number) | 67 (sixty-seven) is the natural number following 66 and preceding 68. It is an odd number.
In mathematics
67 is:
the 19th prime number (the next is 71).
a Chen prime.
an irregular prime.
a lucky prime.
the sum of five consecutive primes (7 + 11 + 13 + 17 + 19).
a Heegner number.
a Pillai prime since 18! + 1 is divisible by 67, but 67 is not one more than a multiple of 18.
palindromic in the consecutive bases 5 (2325) and 6 (1516).
In science
The atomic number of holmium, a lanthanide.
Astronomy
Messier object M67, a magnitude 7.5 open cluster in the constellation Cancer.
The New General Catalogue object NGC 67, an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Andromeda.
In music
"Car 67", a song by the band Driver 67
Chicago's song "Questions 67 and 68"
Elton John's song "Old '67" on The Captain & The Kid CD, (2006)
British rap group called 67
Rapper Drake released the song named "Star67" off his album If You're Reading This It's Too Late
In other fields
Sixty-seven is:
The registry of the U.S. Navy's aircraft carrier , named after U.S. President John F. Kennedy.
The number of the French department Bas-Rhin.
The number of counties in Alabama, Florida, and Pennsylvania.
The province/traffic code of Zonguldak Province in Turkey
In the US, *67 is a common prefix-code for blocking caller ID info on the subsequent call.
In sports
Buddy Arrington's best-known NASCAR car number.
The Ottawa 67's, founded in 1967.
The number of throws in judo.
Pekka Koskela skated the 1000 metres in 1:07:00 (67 seconds) on 10 November 2007, a world record at the time.
The number of the laps of the German Grand Prix since 2002 if the race was held at Hockenheimring.
External links
References
Integers |
41844730 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dudek-e%20Vosta | Dudek-e Vosta | Dudek-e Vosta (, also Romanized as Dūdek-e Vosţá; also known as Dodak and Dūdek) is a village in Poshtkuh-e Rostam Rural District, Sorna District, Rostam County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 259, in 51 families.
References
Populated places in Rostam County |
395075 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Think%20tank%20%28disambiguation%29 | Think tank (disambiguation) | A think tank is an organization that conducts research and engages in advocacy.
Think Tank or Thinktank may also refer to:
Organisations
Thinktank (museum), a science museum in Birmingham, England now formally called Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum
Film and television
Think Tank (film), a 2006 film
Think Tank with Ben Wattenberg or Think Tank, a 1994–2010 discussion/talk television program, hosted by Ben Wattenberg, that aired on PBS
Think Tank (game show), a 2016 BBC quiz show - not to be confused with the 1995 Channel 4 game show
Think Tank (Australian game show), an Australian version of the BBC quiz show, first broadcast in 2018
"Think Tank" (Star Trek: Voyager), an episode of Star Trek: Voyager
Comics
Think Tank (comics), a 2012 limited series from Image by Matt Hawkins and Rahsan Ekedal
Think Tank (Marvel Comics), a fictional Marvel Comics superhero, member of Freedom Force
Think Tank, a temporary alias adopted by the fictional Marvel Comics super-villain HourGlass
Music
Think Tank (Blur album), a 2003 album by Blur
Think Tank (Henry Rollins album), a 1998 spoken word recording by Henry Rollins
Think Tank (band), featuring members of the band Information Society
Other uses
ThinkTank was the original name for the outliner later known as CHiP
Think tank, a descriptive name for a Tachikoma in the anime and manga Ghost in the Shell
ThinkTank, a daily YouTube news and culture show on The Young Turks network
Think tank, a common term for time-out settings in classrooms |
24127897 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zor%20Lagaa%20Ke...Haiya%21 | Zor Lagaa Ke...Haiya! | Zor Lagaa Ke...Haiya! is a 2009 Indian children's film starring Meghan Jadhav, Mithun Chakraborty and Mahesh Manjrekar. The film attracted media attention for its environmental message of Save our Trees. Amitabh Bachchan narrated the film.
Plot
A group of children with the help of a beggar try to save some trees from a construction company's intent on cutting them down to make way for new buildings.
Cast
Meghan Jadhav as Rohan (Protagonist)
Mithun Chakraborty
Mahesh Manjrekar
Seema Biswas
Gulshan Grover
Sachin Khedekar
Anita Date-Kelkar
Hardik Thakkar
Riya Sen
Raj Zutshi
Ashwin Chitale
Music
"Ehsaas Bejaan Hai" – Shaan
"Hari Bhari Duniya" (Instrumental)
"Hawa Hawa" (Instrumental)
"Koi Aaye Koi Jaye" – Armaan Malik, Nilesh Singh, Tanmay Chaudhary
"Mairi Mairi" – Roop Kumar Rathod
"Pawan" (Instrumental)
"Satrangi Sapno Ki" – Armaan Malik, Tanmay Chaudhary
"Zor Lagaa Ke Haiya" – Kunal Ganjawala, Shweta Pandit
"Zor Lagaa Ke Haiya" (Remix) – Kunal Ganjawala, Shweta Pandit
Reception
Zor Lagaa Ke...Haiya! received positive reviews and won four film festival awards.
References
External links
2009 films
2000s Hindi-language films
2000s Urdu-language films
Indian films |
56932865 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Harel | Paul Harel | Paul Harel, born in Échauffour on May 18, 1854 and died on March 7, 1927, was a French poet and innkeeper.
Biography
Early life
Son of a Saint-Lô lawyer, Paul Harel often skipped school and was apprenticed to the pharmacist of Montreuil-l'Argillé at the age of fourteen, where he sold ointments while learning a little Latin from the local priest. From sixteen to nineteen, he was a typographer in Nogent-le-Rotrou, where he prints the works of Paulin Paris, Gaston Paris and Paul Meyer
Théophile Féret said of him: "Since the rhymes of brooch and sword, everyone knows the innkeeper of Échauffour, and since the Memories of inn, he has annexed his great hall to literature Norman. Before Barres, he identified some of the intimate connections between lineage, soil and ancestral worship. He wanted to root us in the homeland. "
In the preface to his first collection, Under the Apple Trees, published in 1879, Paul Harel took care to explain why he embraced the profession of hotelier: "My father was a lawyer, my grandfather innkeeper; I took up the job of this one for the sake of the picturesque. I thought I ought to give this bad example to my contemporaries, at a time when the sons of the earth are deserting their homes, where the life of the ancestors is unknown, if not scorned. If he has not regretted his choice, it is also a little because for him, "the great secret of everything is in charity", and that the ancestral profession allows him to practice this virtue on a large scale by welcoming to his home the poor, the beggars who pass on the road.
Later life
Paul Harel was loved in return. He enjoyed a good reputation in his country. "In the Orne," says Féret, "one bears a religious tenderness to him. "
Paul Harel has sung the charms of nature and rural life with a sincerity and simplicity that exclude neither the picturesque nor the grandeur. In his last volume, which he prefers to others, The Far Hours (1903), he draws his inspiration above all from faith, which he can not conceive without charity. In 1895 he was called to direct, in Paris, a great Catholic magazine, La Quinzaine. But the splendours of the capital could not make him forget his native country: loving rustic simplicity, he soon resigned his directorial functions to return to Echauffour.
Works
Sous les pommiers, poésies, 1879
Gousses d'ail et fleurs de serpolet, 1881
Les Vingt-Huit Jours du caporal Ballandard, 1882
Rimes de broche et d’épée, 1883
Aux champs, 1886
Gustave Le Vavasseur, 1888
La Hanterie, 1889
Souvenirs d’auberge, 1894
Gorgeansac. La Petite Marthe. Le Nez du cousin Barnabé, 1898
À l’Enseigne du Grand-Saint-André, 1906
Ernest Millet, 1904
La Vie et le mystère ; sonnets, 1921
Les Larmes, 1895
Les Voix de la glèbe, 1895
Les Voix de la glèbe, 1895
Œuvres choisies, 1897
Le Demi-sang, roman, 1898
Les Heures lointaines, 1902
Ernest Millet, 1904
Œuvres : Heures lointaines. Aux champs. Voix de la glèbe. Poèmes inédits, 1904
En forêt, 1906
Hobereaux et villageois, 1911
Mme de La Galaisière, 1913
Poèmes mystiques et champêtres, 1914
Devant les morts, poèmes de guerre, 1918
La Vie et le Mystère, sonnets, 1921
Poèmes à la gloire du Christ, suivis de poésies diverses, 1928
Poèmes mystiques et champêtres, 1914
La Marquise de Fleuré, 1923
L'Herbager, pièce en 3 actes, en vers, Paris, Théâtre de l'Odéon, 19 septembre 1891 (Theater)
References
1854 births
1927 deaths
French poets |
16987594 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leeward%20Islands%20%28disambiguation%29 | Leeward Islands (disambiguation) | Leeward Islands is the northern islands of the Lesser Antilles.
Leeward Islands may also refer to:
Leeward Islands (Society Islands), the western islands of the Society Islands in French Polynesia
Pulau Bawah, old colonial name for the group of six Indonesian islands was Leeward Islands
Sotavento Islands ("Sotavento" means "Leeward"), the southern island group of Cape Verde archipelago
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, sometimes called the "Leeward Islands"
British Leeward Islands, a former British colony in the Lesser Antilles
45614 Leeward Islands, a British LMS Jubilee Class locomotive
See also
Leeward Antilles, the southernmost islands of the Lesser Antilles
Leeward (disambiguation) |
7198591 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert%20Kennedy%2C%201st%20Lord%20Kennedy | Gilbert Kennedy, 1st Lord Kennedy | Gilbert Kennedy of Dunure, 1st Lord Kennedy (22 February 1405 – 27 March 1489) was a Scottish lord, a son of Sir James Kennedy, Younger of Dunure, and Lady Mary Stewart, daughter of Robert III, King of the Scots. He served as one of six Regents during the early reign of James III of Scotland, after the 1460 death of James II.
Personal life
Gilbert married Catherine Maxwell, daughter of Herbert Maxwell, 1st Lord Maxwell.
John Kennedy, 2nd Lord Kennedy, father of David Kennedy, 1st Earl of Cassilis.
Catherine Kennedy, mother of Hugh Montgomerie, 1st Earl of Eglinton.
He married, secondly, after 1460, Isabel Ogilvy, daughter of Sir Walter Ogilvy of Lintrathen and Isabel Glen, and widow of Patrick Lyon, 1st Lord Glamis. In 1484 she sued John Kennedy for silver ware which he claimed to have bought from Gilbert Kennedy, 1st Lord Kennedy. Gilbert was then said to be deceased.
Offices and titles
Kennedy, created 1st Lord of Kennedy between 27 March 1457 and 20 March 1458, in addition held the office of Keeper of the Castle of Lochdoun and the office of Constable of Stirling Castle, bestowed upon him in 1466. By that time, he was already Regent of Scotland, having secured the position on the death of James II.
Ancestry
See also
Marquess of Ailsa
References
External links
Stirnet: Kennedy01 (Gilbert is near the top of the page)
thePeerage.com: Gilbert Kennedy of Dunure, 1st Lord Kennedy
1405 births
1489 deaths
15th-century Scottish people
15th-century viceregal rulers
Regents of Scotland
Gilbert
Lords of Parliament (pre-1707)
Peers created by James II of Scotland |
50527302 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piauhytherium | Piauhytherium | Piauhytherium is an extinct genus of herbivorous notoungulate mammal of the family Toxodontidae. It lived during the Late Pleistocene, about 10,000 years ago; fossils have been found in Brazil. The only known species is Piauhytherium capivarae.
Description
This animal in general terms resembles a hippopotamus, with a big short snout, a massive body and a large head. The skull measured almost in length, which indicates that Piauhytherium could be as big as a modern black rhinoceros. With regard to its nearest relatives, such as Toxodon, this animal's legs were shorter and thicker, in addition, certain differences in the denture distinguish it from other notoungulates of this period.
Classification
Piauhytherium capivarae was described for the first time in 2013, based on a complete skull including a jaw and some postcranial bones found in Serra da Capivara in Piauí, in northeastern Brazil. This animal belonged to a group of notoungulates known as Toxodonta, which comprises numerous herbivores from the Cenozoic of South America, whose better-known representative is Toxodon. (Some remains found in Brazil have been reassigned to Piauhytherium.) Piauhytherium was very similar to Toxodon, but is differentiated in some features of is leg bones and characteristics of the teeth.
Paleobiology
The limb bones, which are particularly short and massive, led the authors of the original scientific description to hypothesise that P. capivarae led a semiaquatic lifestyle, similar to that of modern hippopotamus. This hypothesis had already been previously proposed for other toxodontids (including Toxodon), but equally has been refuted by other studies. The discovery of Piauhytherium is remarkable since it increases the degree of diversity of the toxodontids in the final stages of their evolutionary history: in the Upper Pleistocene only Toxodon, Trigodonops and Mixotoxodon were also known.
References
Toxodonts
Pleistocene mammals of South America
Lujanian
Pleistocene Brazil
Fossils of Brazil
Fossil taxa described in 2013
Prehistoric placental genera |
32460483 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalotes%20brevispineus | Cephalotes brevispineus | Cephalotes brevispineus is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants.
References
brevispineus |
2824577 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dearie | Dearie | "Dearie" is a popular song. The music was written by David Mann, and the lyrics, by Bob Hilliard. The song was published in 1950.
The song is about reminiscences, and often sung as a duet. When done as a duet, each one of the singers asks the other whether he or she remembers a number of long-ago events, and then says "if you remember, you're much older than I." When sung as a solo, the same questions are directed at the audience.
It makes a string of pseudo-nostalgic references: to Orville Wright's first powered flight near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina; waltzing to the John Philip Sousa band; "Picking up Pittsburgh on a crystal set" refers to KDKA (AM), the first commercial broadcast radio station in the United States; the "running board on a Chandler Six" refers to a six-cylinder automobile of the same era as Henry Ford's famous Tin Lizzy; "Movie stars of the silent era", including Charlie Chaplin and Jackie Coogan, are mentioned as making you laugh and then cry; "Watching John L. win every fight, 'cause nobody ducked from Sullivan's right" refers to John L. Sullivan (1858-1918), the heavyweight boxing champion.
In 1950, some of the best-known versions were recorded by Guy Lombardo and the Royal Canadians (with a vocal by Kenny Gardner), Jo Stafford and Gordon MacRae, Ray Bolger and Ethel Merman, and Lisa Kirk and Fran Warren.
The Guy Lombardo record was recorded on January 26, 1950 and released by Decca Records (catalog number 24899). It first reached the Billboard chart on March 31, 1950 and lasted nine weeks on the chart, peaking at number 5.
The Jo Stafford/Gordon MacRae record was recorded on January 14, 1950 and released by Capitol Records (catalog number 858). It first reached the Billboard chart on March 3, 1950 and lasted 11 weeks on the chart, peaking at number 12.
The Ray Bolger/Ethel Merman record was recorded on January 4, 1950 and released by Decca (catalog number 24873). It first reached the Billboard chart on March 3, 1950 and lasted 11 weeks on the chart, peaking at number 13. The B-side of this recording, "I Said My Pajamas (and Put on My Pray'rs)," also charted.
The Lisa Kirk/Fran Warren record was released by RCA Victor Records as a 78rpm single (catalog number 20-3696) and a 45rpm single (catalog number 47-3220). It first reached the Billboard chart on April 7, 1950 and lasted two weeks on the chart, peaking at number 29.
The various versions of the song (combined, as was normal for Cash Box) reached number 4 on their Best-Selling Records chart.
In the UK, there were contemporary cover versions released by Bob and Alf Pearson (as part of their medley "In Big Bits of Big Hits"), The Five Smith Brothers, Ted Ray and Kitty Bluett, Billy Ternent and his Orchestra (with vocals by Eva Beynon and Bobby Breen), Joe Loss and his Orchestra, and Donald Peers. Ray and Bluett were playing a married couple in the BBC Radio comedy show Ray's a Laugh at the time. Their recording features lyrics adapted for British audiences, who may not have understood all the American references.
Recorded versions
Ray Bolger and Ethel Merman (recorded January 4, 1950)
Bing Crosby
Lisa Kirk and Fran Warren (1950), reissued on compact disc on the 2003 album Let's Fall in Love
Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians (Kenny Gardner and The Lombardo Trio) (recorded January 26, 1950)
Mary Martin
Jo Stafford and Gordon MacRae (January 14, 1950)
Bob and Alf Pearson (as part of their medley "In Big Bits of Big Hits") on British Parlophone
Ted Ray and Kitty Bluett (on British Columbia)
Billy Cotton and Kathie Kay on their 1961 album Bill and Kate
The Five Smith Brothers
Billy Ternent and his Orchestra (vocals by Eva Beynon and Bobby Breen)
Joe Loss and his Orchestra
Donald Peers
George Towne and his Orchestra (vocals by The Satisfyers)
Mary Ellen Quartet (Mary Ellen, Bob Scott and Quartet)
The song was featured on the Lawrence Welk Show, later available via PBS, entitled: "Do You Remember?"
Dennis Day performed a version on The Jack Benny Program on April 9, 1950, with the final verse directed at "Jackie" instead of "dearie", reminiscing on the life of Jack Benny, who chimes in with a very off-key "I'm thirty-nine" as the penultimate line.
References
1950 songs
Songs with lyrics by Bob Hilliard
Songs with music by David Mann (songwriter)
Vocal duets
Ethel Merman songs
Jo Stafford songs
Guy Lombardo songs |
1567596 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhytomyr%20Oblast | Zhytomyr Oblast | Zhytomyr Oblast (), also referred to as Zhytomyrshchyna () is an oblast (province) of northern Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Zhytomyr. Its population is approximately .
History
The oblast was created as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on September 22, 1937, out of territories of Vinnytsia and Kyiv oblasts as well as two border okrugs of Kyiv Oblast – Korosten Okrug and Novohrad-Volynsky Okrug.
The oblast covers territories of the historic regions of Polesia, Volhynia, and Podolia, which are reflected on the oblast's coat of arms.
Before the 18th century bigger half of the oblast belonged to the Kyiv Voivodeship (), while smaller western half around the city of Novohrad-Volynskyi () belonged to the Volyn Voivodeship. Following the treaty of Andrusovo, the city of Zhytomyr () continued to act as an administrative center of the Kyiv Voivodeship.
Following the second partition of Poland, on the newly annexed territory was formed oversized Izyaslav Vice-royalty (Russian: ) which included former Polish territories in Volhynia, Podolia, and Kyiv land and centered in Izyaslav. However a couple of years later the Russian Empire annexed more territories of the Polish Kingdom during the third partition of Poland contributing to the complete disappearance of the Polish statehood. The Izyaslav Vice-royalty was reformed and the territory of today's Zhytomyr Oblast predominantly ended up in the Russian Volhynian Governorate and the city of Zviahel which was renamed as Novohrad-Volynskyi (Russian: ) became its administrative center. Later the administrative center was transferred to the bigger city of Zhytomyr (Russian: ).
Geography
The total area of Zhytomyr Oblast is .
Among the points of interest it is important to mention the following sites that were nominated for the Seven Wonders of Ukraine:
Church of Saint Basil the Great (Ovruch)
Stone village state preserve
Korolev Memorial Astronautical Museum
The Museum of Ukrainian home icons, which is the only one in Europe, is situated in Zhytomyr Oblast. It is located in Radomyshl, a small town, about away from Kyiv. The museum is the part of the Radomysl Castle historical and cultural complex. It was founded by Olga Bogomolets.
Population
The current estimated population of the oblast is 1,268,903 (as of 2013). Zhytomyr Oblast is the most important center of the Polish minority in Ukraine, which numbers 49,000 locally.
Age structure
0-14 years: 15.8% (male 103,194/female 97,617)
15-64 years: 68.1% (male 420,285/female 444,803)
65 years and over: 16.1% (male 65,301/female 138,472) (2013 official)
Median age
total: 39.4 years
male: 36.1 years
female: 42.6 years (2013 official)
Economy
The economy of Zhytomyr Oblast mostly deals with mining of granite and other construction stone, forestry, agriculture and various machinery manufacturing.
The northern part of the province is highly affected by the Chernobyl disaster: some of the towns and raions are devastated and are included in the Chernobyl zone, while others are prohibited from producing their own agriculture.
Administrative divisions
Zhytomyr Oblast is subdivided into 4 raions (districts).
The districts of Zhytomyr oblast include:
Berdychiv Raion (, translit. Berdychivs’kyi raion)
Korosten Raion (, translit. Korostens’kyi raion)
Novohrad-Volynskyi Raion (, translit. Novohrad-Volyns’kyi raion)
Zhytomyr Raion (, translit. Zhytomyrs’kyi raion)
Important cities
Important cities of Zhytomyr Oblast include:
Baranivka
Berdychiv
Korosten
Malyn
Novohrad-Volynskyi
Zhytomyr
Nomenclature
Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially referred to as "oblast centers" (, translit. oblasnyi tsentr). The name of each oblast is a relative adjective, formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Zhytomyr is the center of the Zhytomyrs'ka oblast''' (Zhytomyr Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with Zhytomyr Oblast, Zhytomyrshchyna''.
References
External links
Zhytomyrschyna Welcomes{en}
The Official Site of the Radomysl Castle
Oblasts of Ukraine
States and territories established in 1937
1937 establishments in Ukraine
Belarus–Ukraine border |
15712895 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry%20Wilson | Barry Wilson | Barry Wilson may refer to:
Barry Wilson (American football) (born 1943), American football coach
Barry Wilson (footballer) (born 1972), Scottish footballer
Barry Wilson (Royal Navy officer) (1936–2018), British Navy officer, first captain of HMS Cardiff
Barry Wilson (rugby league), Papua New Guinean rugby league coach
See also
Barrie Wilson, Canadian historian
B. J. Wilson (1947–1990), English rock drummer |
11204615 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20Pablo%20Arenas | Juan Pablo Arenas | Juan Pablo Arenas Núñez (born 22 April 1987) is a Chilean former professional footballer who played as midfielder.
He played for Colo-Colo and also played (on loan) in Deportes Melipilla.
Club career
Arenas made his professional debut with Colo-Colo at the young age of seventeen against arch rival Universidad de Chile on August 1, 2004. Arenas still has not been able to find a regular spot on the first team.
International career
With the Chilean national team, Arenas has seen action at the Sub-20 level playing in the mundial Canada 2007 in Paraguay. Although he was not a regular on the Chilean starting lineup, Arenas managed to score two goals. His first goal came against Colombia with a magnificent shot from near midfield to clinch the 5-0 Chilean victory. Subsequently, he took part in the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup tournament with Chile in Canada, but did not play a single minute.
Honours
Player
Colo-Colo
Primera División de Chile (4): 2006-A, 2006-C, 2007-A, 2007-C
Copa Sudamericana (1): Runner-up 2006
Magallanes
Tercera División A (1): 2010
References
External links
Soccerway Profile
1987 births
Living people
Association football midfielders
Sportspeople from Santiago
Chilean footballers
Chile under-20 international footballers
Colo-Colo footballers
Trasandino footballers
Magallanes footballers
Santiago Morning footballers
Provincial Osorno footballers
Deportes Melipilla footballers
Segunda División Profesional de Chile players
Chilean Primera División players
Primera B de Chile players
Colo-Colo B footballers |
32155467 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican%20Leadership%20Conference | Republican Leadership Conference | The Southern Republican Leadership Conference (SRLC) is a political event held in the Southern United States before each presidential election. The event is attended by Republican Party activists, elected officials, and candidates for office. It has featured every major Republican presidential candidate since Ronald Reagan, and is best known for its presidential straw poll, which receives national media attention. In 2011, the event was dubbed the Republican Leadership Conference before restoring its original name for 2012.
2015 conference
Straw poll
2014 conference
The 2014 Republican Leadership Conference was held in New Orleans, and featured various speakers such as RNC Chairman Reince Priebus, Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal, Former Alaska Governor Sarah Palin, Phil Robertson of Duck Dynasty fame, Family Research Council head Tony Perkins, Former Mississippi Governor Haley Barbour, businessman and later President Donald Trump, Louisiana Senator David Vitter, Colonel and former Congressman Allen West, former US Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, Utah Senator Mike Lee, Texas senator Ted Cruz, businessman and former presidential candidate Herman Cain, former Pennsylvania senator and former presidential candidate Rick Santorum, Louisiana Congressman Bill Cassidy, Congresswoman and former presidential candidate Michele Bachmann, and Texas governor and former presidential candidate Rick Perry.
Straw poll
Texas senator Ted Cruz narrowly won the 2014 straw poll, barely defeating Dr. Ben Carson. Senator Rand Paul came in a distant third, while former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee and Texas governor Rick Perry rounded out the top 5.
2011 conference
The 2011 event featured various speakers, including Governors, Senators, state legislators, and authors. It was attended by several candidates, and potential candidates, for President of the United States, including Congresswoman Michele Bachmann, businessman Herman Cain, former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, former Governor Gary Johnson, Congressman Ron Paul, Governor Rick Perry, former Governor Buddy Roemer and former Senator Rick Santorum. Other speakers at the conference included Governors Bobby Jindal and Haley Barbour, and Barack Obama impersonator Reggie Brown.
Straw poll
Congressman Ron Paul won the straw poll by a large margin, with Governor Jon Huntsman, Jr., who was scheduled to speak at the event but cancelled, placing second. Congresswoman Michele Bachmann and businessman Herman Cain placed in a close third and fourth.
2010 conference
The 2010 convention was attended by U.S. Representative and 2008 presidential candidate Ron Paul of Texas; Republican National Committee Chair Michael Steele; and former Alaska Governor and 2008 vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin.
Straw poll
Mitt Romney won the presidential straw poll by a single vote. Both Romney and Ron Paul received 24 per cent of the vote. Potential 2012 presidential candidates Senator John Thune of South Dakota, Governor Haley Barbour of Mississippi, Governor Bobby Jindal of Louisiana and Governor Rick Perry of Texas asked for their names not to be included on the straw poll ballot.
2006 conference
Straw poll
Then-Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist won the 2006 straw poll.
References
External links
2012 Southern Republican Leadership Conference
2011 Republican Leadership Conference
2010 Southern Republican Leadership Conference
Republican Party (United States) |
550350 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlan%20Carey%20Brewster | Harlan Carey Brewster | Harlan Carey Brewster (November 10, 1870 – March 1, 1918) was a politician in British Columbia, Canada. Brewster arrived in British Columbia in 1893 and had various careers working on a ship and then in a cannery. He eventually became owner of his own canning company. He was elected to the provincial legislature in the 1907 election, and was one of only two Liberals elected to the legislature in the 1909 election.
Brewster became leader of the opposition, and was elected party leader in March 1912. He lost his seat a few weeks later in the 1912 election, which returned no Liberals at all. In 1916, he won election to the legislature again through a by-election, and led his party to victory in a general election later that year by campaigning on a reform platform. Brewster promised to end patronage in the civil service, end political machines, improve workmen's compensation and labour laws, bring in votes for women, and other progressive reforms.
In government, Carey brought in women's suffrage, instituted prohibition, and combatted political corruption before his unexpected death in 1918. He is interred in the Ross Bay Cemetery in Victoria, British Columbia.
External links
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
1870 births
1918 deaths
Premiers of British Columbia
Canadian Baptists
Leaders of the British Columbia Liberal Party
British Columbia Liberal Party MLAs
19th-century Baptists |
30693572 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London%20Friend | London Friend | "London Friend is the UK’s oldest LGBT charity dedicated to the health and mental well-being of the LGBT community in and around London and the South East."
History
London Friend was originally a part of Friend which was a befriending offshoot of the Campaign for Homosexual Equality (CHE) and first operated from a flat in Earl's Court, before moving to a community centre in Church Street, Westminster.
In 1974 London Friend appeared alongside CHE in a documentary titled 'Speak for yourself' produced by London weekend Television at which time the organisations offices were in at 47 Church St, London NW8. The organisations were working closely together through social events, Friend was a counselling service, whereas CHE was a campaign and political group[.
London Friend was separated from CHE in 1975 and then obtained premises in Upper Street, temporarily in Seven Sisters Road, and later in Caledonian Road. The Caledonian Road premises were reported by January 2011 to be under threat and an appeal was launched to safeguard the building. During 2012, as a result of the appeal, and also additional funding following a merger with another charity, London Friend was able to purchase the property. Meanwhile continued expansion has meant that additional space is now being used at the GMFA office elsewhere in Islington.
Provisions
London Friend has at various times provided befriending, counselling, meeting spaces, helplines, support groups, a library of gay and lesbian books, and training for volunteers, police cadets and social workers.
Charity single
In 2011 British electronic singer Andi Fraggs recorded a charity single "Reality" for London Friend, followed by a fundraising show at Madame Jojo's in London's Soho.
Awards
Queen's Award for Voluntary Service 2016
GSK IMPACT Award 2016
National Diversity Awards 2014
Official website
Official website
See also
Brighton & Hove LGBT Switchboard
Gay & Lesbian Switchboard of New York
Gay Liberation Front
Switchboard (UK)
References
LGBT organisations in London
LGBT culture in London |
36799134 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neocollyris%20aeneicollis | Neocollyris aeneicollis | Neocollyris aeneicollis is a species of ground beetle in the genus Neocollyris in the family Carabidae. It was described by Naviaux and Cassola in 2005.
References
Aeneicollis, Neocollyris
Beetles described in 2005 |
35586618 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essam%20Mubaideen | Essam Mubaideen | Essam Abdallah Ibrahim Mubaideen (, born 15 June 1986) is a Jordanian footballer who plays for Al-Salt SC.
International career
Essam's first match with the Jordan national senior team was against Belarus in an international friendly held on 21 March 2013 in Amman, which resulted in a 1-0 victory for Jordan.
International goals
References
External links
Essam Al-Mbaydin at Goal.com
1986 births
Living people
Jordanian footballers
Jordan international footballers
Association football forwards
Al-Faisaly SC players
Al-Jazeera (Jordan) players
Shabab Al-Ordon Club players
Footballers at the 2006 Asian Games
Asian Games competitors for Jordan |
12181409 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geilston%20Garden | Geilston Garden | Geilston Garden is a property of the National Trust for Scotland, north-west of Cardross, Argyll and Bute.
Geilston Garden was developed more than two hundred years ago with a date given for its development being 1797, combining several features (traditional walled garden, kitchen garden, wooded area). The walled garden has a dominating 100-foot Wellingtonia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) in the centre of the lawn. The Geilston burn wends its way through the north of the estate towards the River Clyde in Cardross. The origins of the garden were most likely a result of the 1770 Montgomery Act, which saw the land around the house enclosed and planting undertaken.
Geilston was opened to the public with the death of the last resident, Margaret Bell, who was a friend of Elizabeth Hendry, the owner of Geilston who bequeathed the house to the National trust for Scotland and gave her friend life rent of the house. The Hendrys moved into Geilston as tenants but the family bought the house from the Geils in 1922. The garden as it appears today was mostly laid out by Elizabeth Hendry and Margaret Bell. A cannon within the garden is said to have been a trophy from the Battle of Corunna brought to the Garden by Major General Geils, a previous owner of Geilston.
The kitchen garden is the most labour-intensive area. It springs to life in April with the first sowings of carrots, parsnips and beetroot closely followed by transplanted brassicas. Visitors can buy in-season produce from a small stand at the garden's entrance.
The walled garden is the focus of spring colour with azaleas, heathers and unusual shrubs such as Cornus kousa 'Satomi'. Summer colour is provided by the spectacularly vigorous species in the long herbaceous border – Thalictrum, Filipendula, Eupatorium, Helenium, Phlox and Sidalcea dominate the display.
The garden is open from April to October daily. The adjacent Geilston House is not open to the public.
References
External links
Video footage of the Geils Marriage Well
Geilston Garden page on NTS website
National Trust for Scotland properties
Gardens in Argyll and Bute |
49299509 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezubao | Ezubao | Ezubao () was a peer-to-peer lending scheme based in the eastern Chinese province of Anhui. It was set up as an online scheme in July 2014, attracted funds of about 50 billion yuan ($7.6 billion) from 900,000 investors, and ceased to trade in December 2015. On 1 February 2016, the scheme was closed down and 21 involved people were arrested. Zhang Min, the president of the parent company, Yucheng Global, told investigators that the company operated as a Ponzi scheme.
Ponzi scheme
Individuals who wanted to take part in the scheme invested their money in the expectation that the money would be lent to borrowers and repaid, with interest, over time. Investors would be matched with borrowers over the Internet. The scheme promised to pay investors around seven times the interest rates that could be obtained by depositing the money with a bank in the normal way, with interest rates of between 9% and 14.6% being promised.
The company sponsored the online broadcasts of the National People's Congress and placed advertisements on the state-run China Central Television, both of which gave people confidence in the scheme. Over a thousand sales agencies were established across the country to promote the scheme to the general public, and tens of thousands of customers were joining each week. Many of its customers were small investors from rural areas.
Several factors encouraged people to think the scheme was "approved" by the authorities: the prominent positioning of its ads just before the main evening CCTV news bulletin, its participation in the 12th China-Association of Southeast Asian Nations Expo, its announcement of the formation of a militia at an event attended by senior officials of the People's Liberation Army, and its doing business nationwide across China and in neighbouring Burma.
Downfall
Ezubao unexpectedly stopped trading in December 2015. Worried customers started complaining and the police started investigating. The official Xinhua News Agency reported on 1 February 2016 that 21 people involved in the scheme had been arrested, including Ding Ning, chairman of the Yucheng Group. Chinese police reported that they were investigating the peer-to-peer lending company and had frozen and seized its assets, and those of the companies linked to it. The president of the parent company, Zhang Min, had told them that the company operated as a Ponzi scheme, with money from new investors used to pay money due to earlier investors; it is reported that about 50 billion yuan ($7.6 billion) had been invested in the scheme by about 900,000 investors. The authorities announced in early February that Ezubao clients could register their grievances on the web site of the Ministry of Public Security.
Xinhua reported that Ezubao had been under scrutiny since December 2015. An investigation into the company by local authorities had found that about 95% of the investments made were fake and that the purpose of the lending platform was to enrich senior executives. Chairman Ding Ning, for example, was reported to have recently spent $150 million on gifts, designer goods, luxury cars, and property. Xinhua further reported that, in an effort to conceal their fraudulent activities, the perpetrators had concealed 1,200 documents in 80 bags, and had buried these underground on the edge of the provincial capital, Hefei. The police had managed to unearth the documents after twenty hours of work with two excavators.
Analytical commentary
Victor Shih, associate professor of Global Policy and Strategy at the University of California, San Diego commented: "The awkward truth is that Chinese regulators either knew about the scam and did nothing, or they completely missed the massive fraud". He added "Did provincial regulators know? They had to know".
References
Fraud in China
Peer-to-peer lending companies
Pyramid and Ponzi schemes
Companies based in Anhui
2014 establishments in China
2015 disestablishments in China
2010s crimes in China |
42861181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe%20Medina%20Santos | Felipe Medina Santos | Felipe Medina Santos (born 27 December 1948) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party. He served as Deputy of the LVI and LIX Legislatures of the Mexican Congress representing the State of Mexico. He also served as municipal president of Chalco from 1979 to 1981 and 1994 to 1995.
References
1948 births
Living people
Politicians from the State of Mexico
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians
Municipal presidents in the State of Mexico
20th-century Mexican politicians
21st-century Mexican politicians
Instituto Politécnico Nacional alumni |
45513747 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shabakunk%20Hills%2C%20New%20Jersey | Shabakunk Hills, New Jersey | Shabakunk Hills is a neighborhood located within Ewing Township in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. The name is derived from the Shabakunk Creek which flows through the neighborhood.
References
Neighborhoods in Ewing Township, New Jersey
Unincorporated communities in Mercer County, New Jersey
Unincorporated communities in New Jersey |
66826583 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison%20Sheckler | Harrison Sheckler | Harrison Sheckler (born April 23, 1996) is an American classical pianist, composer and virtual choir conductor.
Early life
Sheckler was born in Charles City, Iowa, and began playing piano at age of 6 and violin at age 8. In 2014, he won the Terrace Hill Endowment for the Musical Arts Competition, broadcast on Iowa public television. He earned a Bachelor of Music degree in Piano Performance from the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music and earned a Masters of Music degree in Piano Performance from the Conservatory of Music at Brooklyn College. Sheckler is currently pursuing a Doctorate of Musical Arts degree in Piano Performance at the University of Arizona.
Career
On Oct. 7th, 2021, Sheckler's orchestration of Jeffrey Biegel's piano piece Reflections of Justice: An Ode to Ruth Bader Ginsburg was premiered by the Dallas Symphony as part of their concert honoring the late supreme court justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. The program also included the premiere of Ellen Taaffe Zwilich's Remembering Ruth Bader Ginsburg for voice, piano, and orchestra which featured American mezzo-soprano Denyce Graves and pianist Jeffrey Biegel.
Virtual choir
In March of 2020, Sheckler launched the Virtual Choir Project Covid-19 by asking fellow musicians and amateur singers to send him vocal recordings of the show tune “You'll Never Walk Alone",” from the 1945 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Carousel. He thought the lyrics of the song fit the need to stay positive during the coronavirus crisis. He contacted every high school choir director in Iowa to recruit students to participate as well as friends and colleagues. He received 240 vocal submissions and 60 instrumental accompaniments from 15 countries, including Germany, Israel, South Africa, and Vietnam. Sheckler spent 200 hours combining 300 videos into one piece while making it sound like an orchestral arrangement. The recording was released on YouTube on May 1, 2020, and went viral, eventually securing more than 1.5 million views, and is one of the top 20 virtual choir recordings on the site. Online collaborations and virtual choir projects, including "You'll Never Walk Alone," have been described as part of the soundtrack of the Covid-19 pandemic.
In July of 2020, Sheckler contacted former major league baseball pitcher and musician Bronson Arroyo to participate in a virtual choir recording of “Take Me Out to the Ballgame.” Current and former players, including Cy Young winner Bret Saberhagen, as well as announcers and other baseball personalities, were among the final 200 participants in the choir.
References
1996 births
Living people
American classical pianists |
28414203 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerro%20Mohinora | Cerro Mohinora | El Cerro Del Winora is an extinct volcano that is part of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range in the Mexican state of Chihuahua located in the municipality of Guadalupe y Calvo. El Cerro Del Winora is the highest point in the state of Chihuahua reaching an elevation of 10,827 ft (3,300 m) above sea level. The climate of the mountain is extremely cold in the winter and temperate to semi-cold in the summer.
Geology
The mountain began to form during Paleogene geologic period characterized by intense volcanic activity in the area throwing lava and ash onto the surrounding plateau and creating the Sierra Madre Occidental.El Cerro Del winora was raised to an elevation over 3,300 m above sea level during the Pleistocene by intense tectonic activity. The mountain is mainly composed of igneous rock.
Climate
Using the Köppen climate classification the climate of the mountain is humid continental climate (Dwb). Summers are cool with temperatures rarely reaching 25 °C (77 °F) and summer lows fall below 10 °C (50 °F) regularly. There are heavy rainstorms from June to October. Winters are very cold with maximum high reaching 0 °C (32 °F) and reaching a maximum low of -31 °C (-24 °F). Winter snowstorms with high winds are common and typically over 1 meter (~3 ft) of snow per season.
Cerro Mohinora Flora and Fauna Protection Area
Cerro Mohinora Flora and Fauna Protection Area was designated in 2015. It covers an area of 91.26 km2, which includes the peak and extends to the north and east.
References
Landforms of Chihuahua (state)
Mohinora
Mohinora
Flora and fauna protection areas of Mexico
Protected areas of Chihuahua (state)
Protected areas of the Sierra Madre Occidental |
22586132 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WLVX | WLVX | WLVX (107.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to Greenville, Pennsylvania. It operates 24 hours per day, 7 days per week at 2,100 watts.
The station is owned by Educational Media Foundation, who officially received assignment of the licenses of WEXC, WLOA and WGRP from Beacon Broadcasting on December 23, 2010. Vilkie Communications assumed control of WLOA and WGRP from Educational Media Foundation on December 15, 2011.
WLVX is an affiliate of EMF's national non-commercial Adult Contemporary radio network playing Contemporary Christian music.
Broadcast history
WLVX was originally a locally focused voice for the communities of Greenville, Pennsylvania, The Shenango Valley, and Youngstown, Ohio. The 107.1 frequency was first registered as WGRP-FM, a sister signal to the then co-owned WGRP 940-AM. The WEXC calls were first registered for 107.1 on May 16, 1985. The first DJ hired on WEXC FM was J. Robert Irvine, (Bob James) until 1986 when he moved to Television at WYTV, WTAE and KDKA until 1992 when he started at WKBN TV Production and News until 1999. Later he return as manager for Beacon Broadcasting in 2000 -2003. On January 7, 2011, soon after the FCC approved the sale of the station to EMF, WLVX became the new call.
The station's final incarnation under Beacon Broadcasting ownership was C-107.1, an adult contemporary format. Prior to C-107.1 and the Christian rock formats of Freq 107 and Indie 107, the station was known as "Goodtime Oldies WEX-C 107", a format which ran from 2001 to 2003. Christian adult contemporary ran prior to the 2001 incarnation of oldies, while mainstream adult contemporary was aired prior to Beacon Broadcasting purchasing the station. WEXC was an affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates Baseball Network. The baseball broadcasts have since been moved to WLLF ESPN 96.7 Mercer, PA.
In 1998, WEXC and WGRP were sold to Youngstown-based Beacon Broadcasting. Beacon's principal owner, Harold Glunt was a steel supply company owner from the surrounding Warren, Ohio area. He purchased the stations to further Christian communications in the valley, concurrently, WEXC dropped the oldies format to assume a Christian rock format known as Freq 107 (which was later renamed Indie 107). Before the sale to EMF, WEXC changed formats to the "Today's Hits and Yesterday's Favorites" Hot AC genre as C-107.1, boosting their listenership greatly. During the Goodtime Oldies format, an on-air joke started from Gene Habbyshaw about Bob's voice (Bob Irvine) being the only one in the computer. BOB FM, then later the slogan changed to "we play anything" as Bob came up with a format that started playing a random play, any style and genre of music, that was anything but polka. Jimmy Pol (Steelers fight song) owned a competing station WWIZ in Hermatige, PA that played a polka party show. So we didn't play polka music. A large variety of music in the computer would connect to a music service via satellite. The format was sold to another group that syndicated it to other stations such as Jack, Frank and most notably Bob FM.
"C-107.1" had been getting more involved in the community under the direction of G.M. Richard Esbenshade and air talent Gregg "Allen" Robison and John "The Madman" Madden. In addition to carrying syndicated talk hosts Glenn Beck and Jason Lewis, WEXC also started to air Donny Osmond's syndicated morning show. Most recently, the station was involved in one of several "Tea Parties" being held all across the country. C-107 also sponsored live concert events and giveaways for Kennywood and Waldameer Amusement Parks.
Harold Glunt died on January 22, 2010; his son subsequently put all of the Beacon stations up for sale. As of Friday, September 10, 2010, a sale of WEXC, WGRP and WLOA to Educational Media Foundation for $225,000 was announced, with an intent to spin off WGRP and WLOA to separate owners. The Hot AC format was dropped to relay the "K-LOVE" Christian music network following the conclusion of a high school football game that evening.
References
1967 Broadcasting Yearbook
External links
LVX
K-Love radio stations
Radio stations established in 1965
1965 establishments in Pennsylvania
Educational Media Foundation radio stations
LVX |
156848 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorselaar | Vorselaar | Vorselaar () is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises only the town of Vorselaar proper. On January 1, 2006, Vorselaar had a total population of 7,359. The total area is 27.62 km2 which gives a population density of 266 inhabitants per km2.
Famous inhabitants
Cardinal Jozef-Ernest van Roey (b. Vorselaar, 13 January 1874-Mechelen, 6 August 1961)
Bart Wellens, Cyclo-cross champion.
References
External links
Official website - Available only in Dutch
Municipalities of Antwerp (province) |