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1001945 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My%20Learned%20Friend | My Learned Friend | My Learned Friend is a 1943 British, black-and-white, comedy, farce, directed by Basil Dearden with his regular collaborator, Will Hay, as the film's star in the role of William Fitch. The principal supporting roles were taken by Claude Hulbert and Mervyn Johns . Character roles went to Laurence Hanray as Sir Norman, Charles Victor as "Safety" Wilson, Ernest Thesiger as Ferris and Ronald Shiner as the Man in Wilson's café. It was produced by Michael Balcon, Robert Hamer and Ealing Studios.
The film's title refers to a tradition in British law: when addressing either the court or the judge, a barrister refers to the opposing counsel using the respectful term, "my learned friend".
This was Will Hay's last film; Hay went on to star as "Doctor Muffin" in The Will Hay Programme that aired on the radio in 1944. The humour of My Learned Friend took a darker turn than any of Hay's earlier films.
Plot
This comedy sees Will Hay playing a seedy lawyer, who finds himself marked for assassination by a forger whom he previously defended unsuccessfully. He teams up with an incompetent solicitor to try to prevent the deaths of others involved.
The film climaxes with a sequence where Hay hangs from the hands of the clock face of Big Ben in an attempt to prevent a time bomb being detonated.
References
External links
1943 films
1940s crime comedy films
British black-and-white films
British crime comedy films
English-language films
Films directed by Will Hay
Films directed by Basil Dearden
Films produced by Michael Balcon
Ealing Studios films
Films set in London
Films set in Lancashire
British films
1943 comedy films | [
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66394206 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C5%9Fa%C4%9F%C4%B1l | Taşağıl | Taşağıl may refer to:
Taşağıl, Aşkale
Taşağıl, Ayvacık
Taşağıl, Bolvadin
Taşağıl, Çat
Taşağıl, Manavgat
Taşağıl, Pasinler | [
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14456810 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollakanth | Pollakanth | A pollakanth is a plant that reproduces, flowers and sets seed recurrently during its life. The term was first used by Frans R. Kjellman.
Other terms with the same meaning are polycarpic and iteroparous.
Its antonym is hapaxanth.
Plant life-forms | [
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19955022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81awy%2C%20Warsaw%20West%20County | Ławy, Warsaw West County | Ławy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Leszno, within Warsaw West County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Leszno, north-west of Ożarów Mazowiecki (the county seat), and north-west of Warsaw.
References
Villages in Warsaw West County | [
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42863622 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judo%20at%20the%202002%20Asian%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%2048%20kg | Judo at the 2002 Asian Games – Women's 48 kg | The women's 48 kilograms (Extra lightweight) competition at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan was held on 3 October at the Gudeok Gymnasium.
Schedule
All times are Korea Standard Time (UTC+09:00)
Results
Main bracket
Repechage
References
2002 Asian Games Report, Page 464
External links
Official website
W48
Judo at the Asian Games Women's Extra Lightweight | [
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11989991 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny%20Darrell | Johnny Darrell | Johnny Darrell (July 23, 1940 – October 7, 1997) was an American country music artist.
Darrell was born in Hopewell, Alabama but grew up in Marietta, Georgia. After a stint in the army, he moved to Nashville and began managing a Holiday Inn near Music Row, when he was discovered by Kelso Herstin, a producer working for United Artists, on the recommendation of Bobby Bare. In his recording career, Darrell established a trend of introducing "lyrically adventurous" songs that later became major hits for other artists.
His first single, a version of Curly Putman's "Green Green Grass of Home" was issued in 1965, followed by "As Long as the Wind Blows" in 1966, which made the country Top 30 and saw Darrell being named "Most Promising Male Artist" by Cashbox. He was the first to record the Mel Tillis song "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town", which became a top ten hit for him in 1967 and later a hit for Kenny Rogers. This was followed by his performance of Dallas Frazier's "The Son of Hickory Holler's Tramp" in 1968, and the crossover hit "With Pen in Hand", which would later become a hit for Vikki Carr. In the 1970s, Darrell was associated with the Outlaw country movement. Darrell suffered from diabetes, a disease which would impair his health and ability to perform. Darrell died from the disease at age 57 in Kennesaw, Georgia, and was survived by his wife Jody.
Discography
Albums
Singles
References
External links
1940 births
1997 deaths
People from Cleburne County, Alabama
Country musicians from Alabama
American country singer-songwriters
United Artists Records artists
20th-century American singers
Singer-songwriters from Alabama | [
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33752257 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avenging%20Angel%20%28album%29 | Avenging Angel (album) | Avenging Angel is a solo piano album by American jazz pianist and composer Craig Taborn recorded in July 2010 and released on the ECM label.
Background
Taborn had been speaking to producer Manfred Eicher about recording his trio, but coordinating the schedules of everyone required was proving difficult. A week after Taborn had completed a solo piano tour of Europe, Eicher suggested that he record a solo album; Taborn "was ready at that point: shedding for hours a day, just practicing and playing exercises to prepare". For a week before the recording, he had been teaching children jazz in Switzerland; then, after a solo concert, Taborn remembers, "I was driven to Lugano, arriving at like 2 a.m. I was tired the next day going into the studio". Once there, he was determined to record something individual, instead of sounding similar to other solo jazz piano projects.
Recording and music
The album was recorded in a Radiotelevisione svizzera studio in Lugano, Switzerland. The piano was a Steinway concert grand model D. Asked how much of the album was improvised, Taborn replied that, "I would say 90 percent. A couple of the more rhythmic, long-cycle things were preconceptualized." Although two days were available in which to record, a total of 33 or 34 pieces for possible inclusion were recorded on the first day, and on the second Taborn told producer Manfred Eicher, "I think we're good, let's just start listening." The only pre-existing composition on the album is "Over the Water", which featured on Taborn's first album as leader, Craig Taborn Trio.
Taborn's comment on solo piano performance, including for this album, was that "I'm really listening intensely to these very subtle nuances of the sound in the piano. I'm even hearing the three different strings on each note, how they resonate and how the beats work. I wanted to find a way to document that, which can be tricky."
"The Broad Day King" features an ostinato with single-note phrases under it and much sustain and space between ideas. "Glossolalia" is more aggressive: rapid three-octave runs and bass poundings are used. In "This Voice Says So", he plays just 20 notes in the opening minute, including a three-note phrase that is repeated six times. In "Gift Horse/Over the Water", Taborn uses right-hand chords played in different places within each repetition of the ten notes that are used in each unit of two bars.
Reception
The Los Angeles Times hailed the uniqueness of the record as "unlike any other of its kind. Often hushed and spacious where many musicians will opt for a maximalist approach, Avenging Angel specializes in building a contemplative atmosphere all its own."
The AllMusic review by Thom Jurek awarded the album 4 stars, stating "Avenging Angel is not an intellectual exercise, it is a major contribution to the actual language of the piano as an improvisational instrument: its 13 pieces feel like a suite: seamless, economical, original, and visionary."
Slate jazz critic Seth Colter Walls nominated the album as a new classic, writing, "Avenging Angel doesn't just seem like an 'album of the year' candidate, but something destined to have one of those 'crown' icons next to its four-star rating in the 30th Penguin Guide to Jazz, however many years from now." The album was placed 30th in Down Beat'''s Critics Poll jazz album of the year list in 2012. In 2012 the album was also nominated by the Jazz Journalists Association for their award Record of the Year. In 2017, The New York Times Adam Shatz commented that "'Avenging Angel' is now seen as a benchmark of solo jazz piano".
Track listingAll compositions by Craig Taborn''
"The Broad Day King" – 6:16
"Glossolalia" – 2:44
"Diamond Turning Dream" – 4:17
"Avenging Angel" – 6:56
"This Voice Says So" – 9:43
"Neverland" – 4:28
"True Life Near" – 4:29
"Gift Horse/Over the Water" – 7:37
"A Difficult Thing Said Simply" – 4:35
"Spirit Hard Knock" – 4:37
"Neither-Nor" – 3:18
"Forgetful" – 7:58
"This Is How You Disappear" – 5:03
Personnel
Craig Taborn – piano
References
ECM Records albums
Craig Taborn albums
2011 albums
Albums produced by Manfred Eicher
Solo piano jazz albums | [
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] |
63491178 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marios%20Pourzitidis | Marios Pourzitidis | Marios Pourzitidis (; born 8 May 1999) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Czech First League club Slovan Liberec.
Career
On 28 October 2020, Pourzitidis, who played last year at Platanias, will continue his career at Czech club Slovan Liberec, signing a three-years' contract for an undisclosed fee.
References
1999 births
Living people
Greek footballers
Greek expatriate footballers
Super League Greece 2 players
Football League (Greece) players
Platanias F.C. players
Association football defenders
Sportspeople from Thessaloniki
FC Slovan Liberec players | [
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67442245 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big%20Zulu | Big Zulu | Siyabonga Nene (born 7 April 1987), known professionally as Big Zulu, is a South African rapper, songwriter and actor. He rose to spotlight after releasing the single "Donsa Nkabi" in 2016.
He signed a record deal with Universal Music in 2015 and Zulu released his debut album, Ushun Wenkabi (2018) and Ungqongqoshe Wongqongqoshe (2019).
Zulu's third studio album Ichwane Lenyoka (2021), spawned three chart-topping singles "Mali Eningi", "Inhlupheko" and "Umuzi eSandton". Its lead single "Mali Eningi", was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry of South Africa (RiSA).
Zulu also appeared in the television shows Isibaya, One Mic (2017-2020), Uzalo (2020) and Isithembiso.
Early life and influences
Siyabonga Nene was born and raised in Bergville, KwaZulu-Natal. He grew up listening to Maskandi and Isichathamiya music, influenced by Ladysmith Black Mambazo, Phuzekemisi and Imithente.
He is influenced by Maskandi and Scathamiya.
Career
Career beginnings
Zulu spent several years as a taxi driver and quit in 2008 to pursue his career in music. In 2009, he started writing songs and performing and earned title "King of Rap" in the rap battle contest held by Back to the City. His debut single "Donsa Nkabi" was released in 2016.
2014–2019: Ushun Wenkabi, Ungqongqoshe Woongqongqoshe
After a number of years as an independent artist, he signed a record deal with Universal Music Records in 2015 and released his debut album Ushun Wenkabi in July 2018, with singles including "Ang'mazi umama" and "Home".
His second studio album Ungqongqoshe Woongqongqoshe was released in 2019, featuring Ab Crazy, Mnqobi Yazo, FiFi Cooper, Kwesta, Caspper Nyovest, Mosiholiq and Truhitz. The lead single "Ak'laleki" featuring Kwesta was released. In 2 August his second single "Ama Million" featuring Cassper Nyovest & Mosiholiq was released and peaked No. 5 on the iTunes Chart. The song was certified platinum. In August 14, his third single "Vuma dlozi" featuring Mnqobi Yazo was released and certified platinum by the Recording industry of South Africa (RiSA) with sales of 50 000 copies.
The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry of South Africa (RiSA) and earned a nomination at the South African Music Awards (SAMA26) for Best Hip Hop Album. In the same year, 2019, the album was nominated for Best Male Artist of the Year and Album of the Year at the South African Hip Hop Awards.
He established his own record label Nkabi Records.
2020–present: Ichwane Lenyoka
On November 20, 2020, his single "Mali Eningi" was released featuring Intaba Yase Dubai & Ricky Rick as the album's lead single. The song debuted number 2 on Channel 0 Top 30 charts and was certified double platinum. At the 27th annual South African Music Awards, "Mali Eningi" won Best collaboration category.
On March 11, 2021, he released a single "Inhlupheko" featuring Mduduzi Ncube as the second single. The song peaked at number one on the South African iTunes charts and reach number 4 on Shazam charts.
On 3 July 2021, he announced a new single titled "Umuzi eSandton" on Twitter. The song was released on 9 July 2021; It was featured on his album Ichwane Lenyoka, which was released on 3 September 2021. The single "Umuzi eSandton" reached number one on Shazam charts.
On September 13, 2021, he performed on season 14 on Idols South Africa. Zulu won seven awards includes; Album of the Year, Song of the Year("Mali Eningi"), Best Music Video, Best Male and Ubuntu Activism Award, Best Collaboration, and Best Digital Sales at the 2021 South African Hip Hop Awards.
Other ventures
In 2019, Zulu founded the record label Inkabi Records. Zulu has since signed Mduduzi Ncube.
On September 21, 2021, Zulu started charity and donated with laptops and printers to Obonjaneni Primary School.
As of August 2020, he partnered with Spitz as the ambassador of carvella.
Discography
Studio albums
Ushun Wenkabi (2018)
Ungqongqoshe Wongqongqoshe (2019)
Ichwane Lenyoka (2021)
Awards and nominations
References
1987 births
Living people
South African singer-songwriters
People from KwaZulu-Natal
21st-century South African male singers | [
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] |
55786671 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel%20Picard%20%28rower%29 | Michel Picard (rower) | Michel Picard (born 4 March 1954) is a French lightweight rower. He won a gold medal at the 1975 World Rowing Championships in Nottingham with the lightweight men's four.
References
1954 births
Living people
French male rowers
World Rowing Championships medalists for France | [
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4430037 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand%20Funk%20Lives | Grand Funk Lives | Grand Funk Lives is the 12th studio album by Grand Funk Railroad. The album was released in 1981 by Full Moon Records. It was their first album since disbanding in 1976. Although known as a reunion album, it did not feature bassist Mel Schacher or keyboard player Craig Frost. The album was the first to feature bassist Dennis Bellinger and the first and only to feature keyboardist Lance Duncan Ong.
The track "Queen Bee" was featured in the 1981 motion picture soundtrack for the animated film Heavy Metal.
Track listing
All songs written and composed by Mark Farner, except where noted.
Personnel
Mark Farner – guitar, piano, vocals
Lance Duncan Ong – keyboards, synthesizer
Dennis Bellinger – bass, vocals
Don Brewer – drums, vocals
Charts
Album
Singles
References
1982 albums
Grand Funk Railroad albums
Albums produced by Thom Panunzio | [
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18777676 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heisnam%20Kanhailal | Heisnam Kanhailal | Heisnam Kanhailal (17 January 1941 – 6 October 2016) was an Indian art theatre personality. For his work, he was awarded the Padma Shri civilian award in 2004 and the Padma Bhushan civilian award in 2016 by the Government of India. He was the founder-director of Kalakshetra Manipur, a theatre laboratory established in 1969 that explores a new vocabulary in the existing language of theatre.
Kanhailal was born in Keisamthong Thangjam Lairak, Imphal.
Kanhailal was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in Direction in 1985, given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama.
In December 2011, he was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Ratna Award, the highest ranked and most valued Akademi award.
Kanhailal was married to Sabitri Heisnam, his theatre associate and a fellow Padma Shri awardee. He died after an illness in Imphal on 6 October 2016.
References
Indian autographs
Hindu images
External links
Heisnam Kanhailal, Profile
1941 births
2016 deaths
Indian theatre directors
Indian drama teachers
Artists from Manipur
Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts
Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts
People from Imphal
20th-century Indian artists | [
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51796794 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fargo-Moorhead%20Fever | Fargo-Moorhead Fever | The Fargo-Moorhead Fever were a professional basketball team based in the Fargo–Moorhead metropolitan area on the North Dakota–Minnesota border. The Fever were members of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) for two seasons, from 1992 to 1994. Steve Bontrager served as the team's head coach during their two seasons. The team played their home games at the Fargodome in Fargo, North Dakota during the 1993–94 season. The franchise was put up for sale after the 1993–94 season and an ownership group from Mexico City purchased the franchise over two other bids. The team was known as the Mexico City Aztecas during the 1994–95 season.
Jon Absey, who portrayed the Utah Jazz mascot Jazz Bear, got his start in basketball promotions as Fargo-Moorhead's mascot. His employment was terminated after management determined a stunt in which Absey rode a toboggan down the stadium's steps was too dangerous, however that stunt is now a staple of Jazz Bear's performance.
Season-by-season records
See also
Fargo-Moorhead Beez
References
Sports in Fargo, North Dakota
Continental Basketball Association teams
Basketball teams in North Dakota
1992 establishments in North Dakota
Basketball teams established in 1992
1994 disestablishments in North Dakota
Basketball teams disestablished in 1994 | [
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] |
66936855 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrdad%20Ardeshi | Mehrdad Ardeshi | Mehrdad Ardeshi () is an Iranian chess International Master born on January 1, 1979 in Tehran, Iran. He is also the coach of the Iranian national youth chess team.
Early life
Mehrdad Ardeshi was interested in chess since he was a teenager, but his father strongly forbid him from doing so that as not to damage his studies, but he continued to try. After the death of his father in 1997, he continued in this field with the support of his mother, and after marriage, his wife became his second supporter in this field. He is also a close friend of Morteza Mahjoub and uncle of Iranian filmmaker Danial Hajibarat.
Professional activity
Ardeshi is the head coach of the Iranian Chess national youth team, and in 2020, won the third place in the World Junior Chess Championship held online in Georgia.
He is the chairman of the training committee of the Iranian Chess Federation, a member of the Iranian national team, and a participant in the World Chess Olympiad that It was the last year that Garry Kasparov was present.
Mehrdad Ardeshi is Champion of the West Asian Qualifiers, the first joint winner of the international competitions of the Fajr decade, two years champion of the Iranian Premier League with Bahman and Railway teams, 4 years individual champion of the Iranian Premier League.
References
External links
Chess International Masters
1979 births
Living people
People from Tehran
Iranian chess players
Asian Games competitors for Iran | [
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149997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Can%20See%20You%20%28EP%29 | I Can See You (EP) | I Can See You is an EP released by the American hardcore punk band Black Flag in 1989 on SST Records. It was released three years after their breakup and was their last studio recording for 24 years, until the release of their seventh studio album What The... in 2013. The material was recorded before the departure of drummer Bill Stevenson and bassist Kira Roessler, and three of the tracks were originally included on the cassette and CD editions of the In My Head (1985) album.
Track listing
All songs written by Greg Ginn, except where noted.
"I Can See You" – 3:19
"Kickin' & Stickin'" (Ginn/Rollins) – 1:23
"Out of This World" (Roessler/Stevenson) – 2:12
"You Let Me Down" (Ginn/Rollins) – 3:40
References
Black Flag (band) EPs
SST Records albums
1989 EPs
Hardcore punk EPs | [
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] |
46565424 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epermenia%20afghanistanella | Epermenia afghanistanella | Epermenia afghanistanella is a moth in the family Epermeniidae. It was described by Reinhard Gaedike in 1971. It is found in Afghanistan.
References
Epermeniidae
Moths described in 1971
Insects of Afghanistan
Moths of Asia | [
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1484107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.%20F.%20Bruce | F. F. Bruce | Frederick Fyvie Bruce (12 October 1910 – 11 September 1990), usually cited as F. F. Bruce, was a Scottish biblical scholar who supported the historical reliability of the New Testament. His first book, New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable? (1943), was voted by the American evangelical periodical Christianity Today in 2006 as one of the top 50 books "which had shaped evangelicals".
Early life
Bruce was born in Elgin, Moray, Scotland, the son of a Christian Brethren (Plymouth Brethren) preacher and educated at the University of Aberdeen, Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, and the University of Vienna, where he studied with Paul Kretschmer, an Indo-European philologist.
Career
After teaching Greek for several years, first at the University of Edinburgh and then at the University of Leeds, he became head of the Department of Biblical History and Literature at the University of Sheffield in 1947. Aberdeen University bestowed an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree on him in 1957. In 1959 he moved to the Victoria University of Manchester where he became Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis. He wrote over 40 books and served as editor of The Evangelical Quarterly and the Palestine Exploration Quarterly. He retired from teaching in 1978.
Bruce was a scholar on the life and ministry of Paul the Apostle and wrote several studies, the best known of which is Paul: Apostle of the Free Spirit (published in the United States as Paul: Apostle of the Heart Set Free). Robert Morgan wrote in The Journal of Theological Studies that its "1,391 footnotes reflect both years of attention to the flow of mainly German scholarly literature and a deep knowledge of older works". However, he claimed that there is "a certain uncontroversial flatness about what we are told of Paul's thought". Thus, Morgan said that the biography serves "to inform the educated general reader and the more conservative student rather than [...] stimulate colleagues or other theologians."
He also wrote commentaries on many biblical books including Habakkuk, the Gospel of John, the Acts of the Apostles, Romans, 1 & 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Colossians, Philemon, 1 & 2 Thessalonians, Philippians, the Epistle to the Hebrews, and the Epistles of John.
Most of Bruce's works were scholarly, but he also wrote many popular works on the Bible. He viewed the New Testament writings as historically reliable and the truth claims of Christianity as hinging on their being so. To Bruce this did not mean that the Bible was always precise, or that this lack of precision could not lead to some confusion. He believed, however, that the passages that were still open to debate were ones that had no substantial bearing on Christian theology and thinking. Bruce's colleague at Manchester, James Barr, considered Bruce a "conservative liberal".
Bruce was a friend and colleague of H.L. Ellison.
Personal views
Bruce was in Christian fellowship at various places during his life, though his primary commitment was to the Open Brethren among whom he grew up. He enjoyed the fellowship and acceptance of this group, though he was very much a maverick in relation to his own personal beliefs. He never accepted a specific brand of dispensationalism usually associated with the Brethren, although he may have held a historic premillennialism akin to George Eldon Ladd
Honours
Bruce was honoured with two scholarly works by his colleagues and former students, one to mark his 60th and the other to mark his 70th birthday. Apostolic History and the Gospel: Biblical and Historical Essays Presented to F. F. Bruce on his 60th Birthday (1970) included contributions from E. M. Blaiklock, E. Earle Ellis, I. Howard Marshall, Bruce M. Metzger, William Barclay, G. E. Ladd, A. R. Millard, Leon Morris, Bo Reicke, and Donald Guthrie. Pauline Studies: Essays Presented to Professor F. F. Bruce on his 70th Birthday (1980) included contributions from Peter T. O'Brien, David Wenham, Ronald E. Clements, and Moisés Silva. C. F. D. Moule and Robert H. Gundry contributed to both volumes.
Bruce was elected a Fellow of the British Academy, and in 1965 served as President of the Society for Old Testament Study, and also as President of the Society for New Testament Study.
Selected writings
Books
- republished as New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable?
)
- Bruce wrote the Colossians commentary, and Edmund K. Simpson wrote the Ephesians commentary; see the 1984 replacement below entirely by Bruce.
- (published in the US as New Testament Development of Old Testament Themes)
Published in the US as Paul: Apostle of the Heart Set Free. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans
- (3rd edition of "The English Bible", 1963)
- now known as Jesus and Paul: Places They Knew
- now known as Abraham and David: Places They Knew
[This is Bruce's new commentary on Ephesians and Philemon along with a revision of his 1957 commentary from the Simpson and Bruce volume above]
Chapters
Journal articles
References
Further reading
W. Ward Gasque & Ralph P. Martin (eds). Apostolic History and the Gospel: Biblical and Historical Essays Presented to F. F. Bruce on his 60th Birthday. Exeter: Paternoster; Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1970.
D. A. Hagner & M. J. Harris (eds). Pauline Studies: Essays Presented to F. F. Bruce. Exeter: Paternoster; Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1980.
F. F. Bruce. In Retrospect: Remembrance of Things Past. Revised edition. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1993.
Tim Grass. F. F. Bruce. A Life. Milton Keynes: Paternoster, 2012.
External links
FF Bruce as a Fellow-Elder by Arnold Pickering
F. F. Bruce Papers at the University of Manchester Library
1910 births
1990 deaths
Academics of the University of Sheffield
Academics of the Victoria University of Manchester
British biblical scholars
People from Elgin, Moray
British Plymouth Brethren
Critics of the Christ myth theory
Scottish evangelicals
Alumni of the University of Aberdeen
University of Vienna alumni
Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
Academics of the University of Leeds
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
Fellows of the British Academy
Academic journal editors
New Testament scholars
Editors of Christian publications
Christian apologists
Bible commentators
John Rylands Research Institute and Library | [
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38923406 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shameem%20Dev%20Azad | Shameem Dev Azad | Shameema Dev Azad is an Indian singer from Jammu and Kashmir. She is the wife of Ghulam Nabi Azad, former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir.
She is known for her melodious voice, she was honoured with India's fourth highest civilian award the Padma Shri by Government of India in 2005. She received Kalpana Chawla Excellence Award in 2007.She was also awarded by the Government of Jammu and Kashmir on the Republic Day of 2010 in the field of performing arts.
Personal life
Shameema is one of the eight children of Abdullah Dev. She has six brothers. She is married to Ghulam Nabi Azad since 1980.
References
21st-century Indian singers
21st-century Indian women singers
Living people
Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts
Year of birth missing (living people)
Women musicians from Jammu and Kashmir
Singers from Jammu and Kashmir | [
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] |
21938288 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat%20wagon | Flat wagon | Flat wagons (sometimes flat beds, flats or rail flats, US: flatcars), as classified by the International Union of Railways (UIC), are railway goods wagons that have a flat, usually full-length, deck (or 2 decks on car transporters) and little or no superstructure. By contrast, open wagons have high side and end walls and covered goods wagons have a fixed roof and sides. Flat wagons are often designed for the transportation of goods that are not weather-sensitive. Some flat wagons are able to be covered completely by tarpaulins or hoods and are therefore suitable for the transport of weather-sensitive goods. Unlike a "goods wagon with opening roof", the loading area of a flat is entirely open and accessible once the cover is removed.
Flats form a large proportion of goods wagons; for example in 1998 they comprised 40% of the total goods fleet owned by the German carrier, DB, the overwhelming majority of which were flat wagons with bogies.
Typical goods transported by these railway wagons are: vehicles, engines, large pipes, metal beams, wire coils, wire mesh, half-finished steel products, (sheets, coils, pipes, bars and plates), containers, rails, sleepers and complete sections of railway track. Gravel, sand and other bulk goods are transported on flat wagons with side panels.
International UIC classification
Flat wagons are classified by the UIC into:
Ordinary goods wagons with category letters "K", "O" and "R", and
Special goods wagons with category letters "L" and "S".
The main difference between the ordinary and special types of flat wagon is that the former always have to have a flat deck that can be driven on, whereas the special types do not have to be so designed. Within both types of flat wagon, there are variants with separate axles as well as bogie wagons.
In addition numerous other terms are used to classify flat wagons according to their purpose, but without clear and comprehensive specifications.
UIC standard goods wagons
Attempts by the International Union of Railways (UIC) to standardise flat wagons go back to the 1950s. These efforts led to the establishment of characteristics for so-called "standard wagons". Standardised flat wagons are specified in the following UIC pamphlets:
UIC 571-1 - Standard wagons - ordinary two-axle wagons,
UIC 571-2 - Standard wagons - ordinary bogie wagons,
UIC 571-3 - Standard wagons - Special-purpose wagons, and
UIC 571-4 - Standard wagons - Wagons for combined transport
The implementation of these guidelines is partly binding and partly voluntary for members of the UIC. Since the end of 1977, flat wagons that partially conform to these guidelines are identified by the designation "UIC". Flat beds that comply fully with the leaflets, and are therefore true UIC standard wagons, are given the designation "UIS St".
K: Ordinary two-axle flat wagons
The Class K flats were originally one of the largest families of goods wagons, not least in Germany, thanks to the many older type stake wagons (stanchion wagons) that were assigned to it. The bulk of their work has since been taken over by special flat wagons. By 1998, DB only had 10,000 of this type left.
The majority of ordinary two-axle flat beds built since the 1950s were those with folding sides and short swivelling stanchions of UIC type 1 with, at least in Germany, an axle base of only 8 metres.
In recent years new K wagons have been developed. These have fixed ends and a tarpaulin cover and are therefore also suitable for hygroscopic goods. Their designation is Kils, based on the UIC classification of goods wagons.
In addition to the normal letters indicating length and weight (k, kk, n, m and mm) the Type K may also have the following index letters:
b – with long (side-)stanchions (usually designed as insertable stanchions)
i – with removable cover and non-removable ends (tarpaulin wagon) and
l – without stanchions
p – without sides (not used with i)
L: Special flat wagons with separate axles
Today this class contains:
Three and four-axle car transporters (see below) with one or two decks, and
Two-axle container wagons
Only of historic significance, by contrast, are pod wagons (see below) and cradle wagons (see below). As a rule, L wagons do not have stanchions.
The most important index letters for basic classification of current types are:
a – articulated wagon with 3 axles,
aa – double wagon with 4 axles,
d – fitted out for the transport of motor cars without deck,
e – with decks for the transport of motor cars (double decker),
g – fitted for the transport of containers (Container wagons).
The UIC has standardised three types of L wagon, the Class Lgss being based heavily on the Class Ks (see above):
O: Mixed open flat wagons
The standard mixed open flat wagon group has folding sides, stanchions and two or three axles.
The most important index letters for this group are:
a – with 3 axles,
k – maximum load <
kk – maximum load
l – without stanchions
m – loading length
mm – loading length <
n – with 2 axles: maximum load > , with 3 axles: maximum load >
The dimensions of the UIC standard wagon largely conform to the considerably more common Class Ks wagon (see above):
R: Ordinary flat wagons with bogies
The exclusively four-axle bogie wagons of Class R are equipped with a solid, level deck, usually made of wood, and, unless indicated otherwise by the code letters, also furnished with stanchions and end walls. Most types have short, removable, swivelling stanchions. They are especially suited to the transport of long steel elements, building materials, machines and large vehicles. In the 1990s, the DB purchased Class R wagons with long, sturdy, light metal stanchions and high end walls for the increasing amount of log transport required. In 1998, the DB had about 17,000 R wagons in service.
The most important index letters for distinguishing the basic types are as follows:
e – with drop sides,
g – fitted for the transport of containers (Container wagons),
h – fitted out for the transport of steel coils, eye to side,
i – with removable cover and non-removable ends (tarpaulin wagon),
l – without stanchions,
mm – very short loading length (less than ),
oo – with non-removable ends, or more in height and without covers (wagons for timber transport).
The UIC has specified two standard R wagons, both of which are very common e.g. in Germany. In the mid-1970s there was a switchover to newly built wagons with foldable sides.
S: Special flat wagons with bogies
This is the largest group of flat wagons both in terms of variety and numbers. Their classification as special wagons arises either as a result of not having a wagon deck that is drivable or due to their axle count. Unlike the standard wagons, these flats are predominantly optimised for a specific purpose. In 1998 the DB had about 22,000 Class S wagons in its fleet.
The large variety of variants may be seen from the number of index letters, of which only the most important are given here; i.e. those that are needed to distinguish the basic types:
a – 6 axles,
aa – 8 or more axles,
d – fitted out for the transport of motor cars,
g – fitted for the transport of containers (Container wagons),
gg – fitted for the transport of containers, total loading length over ,
h – for the transport of steel coils, eye to side
i – with removable cover and non-removable ends,
l – without stanchions (optional in certain combinations),
mm – very short loading length (four-axle wagons < , otherwise < ),
p – without sides (the use of this code letter is optional in certain combinations),
r – articulated wagon, three bogies.
S wagons for heavy loads
These wagons are so designed that the loading is limited only by the class of railway line, not the wagon itself. In order to keep the sag as low as possible, they are relatively short and thus mainly inscribed with the index letters mm.
The six-axle wagons with drivable decks of class Samm… are similar to the four-axle Rmm wagons, but are grouped with this special class due to the number of axles. In the Deutsche Bahn, these mainly consist of RRym wagons with a payload.
In considerably larger numbers, and designed for transporting steel coils, are the four and six-axle wagons equipped with loading troughs of the class S…hmm…. Some have fixed end walls and removable covers in the shape of tarpaulins or telescopic hoods. The Shimmns708 serving with the DB, which is the most common German S wagon, has an unladen weight of about and a loading limit of and is thus able to carry coils with a total weight of about .
The UIC has standardized a four and a six-axle telescopic hood wagon for the transport of coils. Such wagons have been used in Germany since the 1970s and 1980s respectively, but usually fitted with (light) tarpaulins instead of the hoods:
S wagons for combined transport
The group known as wagons for combined transport have specific designs and equipment for the transport of the various transport units. The UIC has standardized several wagons, whose most important dimensions are given in the following table:
Flat wagons for ISO containers and swap bodies
These wagons of Class Sg… are most common in combined transport. Their foldable trunnions (klappbare Tragzapfen) make them suitable for various transport systems. Some of these rail vehicles are equipped with long-stroke shock absorbers (index letter j) as special equipment for the protection of loads.
Wagons with a loading length of at least (Type 2 conforming to UIC norm 571-4) can carry ISO containers with a total length of ; the majority can also be used for the transport of swap bodies. The Deutsche Bundesbahn expanded its fleet in 2007 by 615 wagons of Class Sgns (delivered by March 2009) with the option for a further 600 wagons (delivery by 2010).
On transporter wagons with a loading length of at least (Type 1 conforming to UIC norm 571-4) there are an A swap body, up to two C swap bodies or an ISO container with a corresponding total length place.
For the transport of High Cube swap bodies and ISO containers with an inside height of wagons with especially low-lying loading areas and a loading length of have also been available since the 1990s.
Two-part articulated wagons with loading length can be loaded with swap bodies or ISO containers with a total length of (index letters gg and r).
The use of and Wippenwagen remained restricted in the period from the 1960s to the 1980s, despite their utility in enabling horizontal cross-loading without cranes, because at that time facilities for swap body cross-loading were still widely available in western Europe.
The CargoSprinter, conceived as a goods wagon for the transport of ISO containers, did not get any further than trials.
ACTS wagons
These wagons for the ACTS roller container transport system with horizontal crossloading are common especially in Switzerland and the Netherlands. The Swiss wagons bear the national index letter x.
Flat wagons for road vehicles
Flat wagons for road vehicles (Class S…d…) are less common, because this typ of combined transport is only efficient on certain routes.
Pocket wagons (Class Sd[g]…) are used specifically for the transport of semi-trailers. They may usually however be loaded either with ISO containers or swap bodies as required, thus avoiding empty running.
Low floor wagons for the rolling road (Class Saad…) are suitable for loading entire articulated lorries including their tractor units. The necessary low floors required are achieved by using especially small wheel diameters in each of the four-axle bogies. These make the wagons relatively expensive to build and maintain.
CargoBeamer: This newly developed type of waggon (TSI conformity since 8/2010) enable the transport of semi-trailers, loading of which is automated by a tub (Wanne) and pulled parallel onto the railway wagon.
Kangourou wagons are used specifically for the transport of semi-trailers.
Modalohr is used for specifically for the transport of Semi-trailer trucks
S wagons for special purposes
For the transport of logs, four-axle wagons with non-drivable decks and equipped with high, fixed stanchions are used (Class Snps).
Wagons with a flat deck for transporting assembled track sections, some of which are fitted with special equipment and used in maintenance of way trains, are usually classified as departmental wagons.
Under some circumstances bucket wagons (Kübelwagen) are not classified as open wagons, but grouped into Class S.
The group known as Spreizhaubenwagen (Sins, Sfins) are related to the Sliding wall wagons and, like them are for hygroscopic goods, but have no fixed roof. The sliding walls taper inwards towards the top and are connected by an articulated joint so the walls can be spread and slid apart, so that one half of the wagon is entirely open and may be loaded or unloaded from the side by forklift truck or from above by crane.
Flat wagons for specific purposes that are grouped under several classes
Container wagons
Container wagons are flats specially fitted with securing equipment for transporting ISO containers. Depending on their design they may be grouped into classes L, R or S. Class K wagons are rarely used because even an 8 foot (2.591 m) high ISO container exceeds the European loading gauge. The presence of container pins is always indicated by the index letter g. Only general purpose wagons that have to be specially prepared for container transport and have a drivable floor, are classed as standard wagons. Wagons that are exclusively used for container transport are classified as special types. In the latter case, the profile of the wagon underframe is left open and the container only rests on the beams and the trunnions.
Most container flats are designed to take standard 20 and 40 foot ISO containers. Two-axle wagons of this type are able to carry two 20-foot or one 40-foot container; many four-axle wagons have room for three 20-foot or one 40-foot and one 20-foot container.
In India double stacking of containers is done on flat wagons instead of well cars under 7.5m high catenary because the wider Indian Gauge permits more height while keeping the centre of gravity still low.
Car transporters
Car transporters (US: autoracks) are predominantly used for the delivery of factory-new cars and vans to dealers.
Because cars are a relatively light form of freight, European car transporters have two decks and, despite their great length, only need at most three axles. Where there are three axles, the centre one rests on a swivel and the wagon has an articulated joint in the middle. The cars can be loaded over the joint. These wagons are open as a rule and are thus classified as flat wagons of Class L (see above).
Before the development of these specials, standard open wagons were fitted with a second deck, the end walls were removed and pairs of wagons were permanently coupled in order to be used as car transporters. In Germany in the 1950s their capacity proved no longer sufficient for the transport of the VW Beetle. As a result, engineers at Volkswagen and Deutsche Bundesbahn jointly designed an extra long wagon for the transport of factory-new vehicles. The result was a wagon that could carry ten cars from the factory to the ports for export from 1958 onwards.
The car-carrier wagons used in motorail trains are not classed as goods wagons despite their similar design.
See also
Barrier vehicle
Bogie bolster wagon
Class U special wagon
Conflat
Flatcar
Flatbed trolley
Flatbed truck
Goods wagon
Rolling highway
Side stake
Slate waggon
Transporter flatcar
References
Literature and sources
H. Behrends: Güterwagen-Archiv Band 1. Transpress VEB Verlag für Verkehrswesen, Berlin, 1989.
H. Behrends: Güterwagen-Archiv Band 2. Transpress VEB Verlag für Verkehrswesen, Berlin, 1989.
Deutsche Bundesbahn: Güterwagen, Großbehälter, Straßenroller. Werbe- and Auskunftsamt für den Personen- and Güterverkehr, Frankfurt(Main), 1960.
Gerd Wolff: Die Autotransportwagen. Güterwagen-Lexikon DB, EK-Verlag Freiburg, 1991 and 2005.
Stefan Carstens: Die Güterwagen der DB AG – Zahlen, Fakten, Entwicklungen.. MIBA-Verlang, Nuremberg, 1998
Stefan Carstens: Güterwagen Band 5. Rungen-, Schienen- and Flat wagons. MIBA-Verlag, Nuremberg, 2008
Wolfgang Diener: Anstrich and Bezeichnung von Güterwagen. Verlag Dr. Bernhard Abend, Stuttgart, 1992
External links
DB-Güterwagenkatalog
Dybas – Privates Güterwagenarchiv
Artikel über Behälter-Tragwagen auf Drahtkupplung.de
Artikel über ISO-Container and Wechselbehälter auf Kombimodell.de
International Union of Railways
Freight rolling stock | [
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] |
59728097 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1870%20Parnell%20by-election | 1870 Parnell by-election | The 1870 Parnell by-election was a by-election held on 12 May 1870 in the electorate during the 4th New Zealand Parliament.
The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Charles Heaphy on 13 April 1870.
The by-election was won by Reader Wood, who had held the seat from 1861 to 1865. As no other candidates were nominated, he was declared duly elected.
References
Parnell 1870
1870 elections in New Zealand
Politics of the Auckland Region
May 1870 events | [
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21332457 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kate%20Tucker%20%26%20the%20Sons%20of%20Sweden | Kate Tucker & the Sons of Sweden | Kate Tucker is an American songwriter, singer and producer. She is lead singer and guitarist of Kate Tucker and the Sons of Sweden and is also one half of the pop duo Little Reader.
History
Formed in 2007, Kate Tucker & the Sons of Sweden's eponymous debut was produced by Ryan Hadlock (Metric, The Lumineers) and features guest vocals by American folk singer Damien Jurado.
Upon release, their single "Faster than Cars Drive" topped the blog charts, charted CMJ radio, and received heavy rotation on Starbucks in-store playlists. In 2009 the Hear Music label debuted the band's cover of Bruce Springsteen’s "I’m On Fire" on the Starbucks Sweetheart compilation.
Songs from their first record have been featured on major television networks and indie films including "Everything Went Down" on ABC Family's Make It or Break It and on The WB's One Tree Hill, and "In Your Dreams" on MTV's Catfish. The official music video for "Everything Went Down" was directed and filmed by Miriam Bennett.
In 2009, Tucker left the Sons of Sweden to work on what would become the album White Horses, produced by Blake Wescott. Ed O’Brien (bass), Mark Isakson (guitars), and Nic Danielson (keys) continued to collaborate with Tucker on studio recordings.
Songs from the White Horses album featured on television include:
"Where are You (I am Already Gone)" was played on United States of Tara Season 3 Episode 2 and Pretty Little Liars Episode 15.
"First to Leave" on CSI Miami.
On April 7, 2011 the original Seattle-based lineup of Kate Tucker and the Sons of Sweden reunited to play what could be called their final farewell show at the Tractor Tavern in Ballard, Washington.
Tucker relocated to Nashville, Tennessee in 2012 where she took up the Sons of Sweden project again, this time with new members, Wes Chandler, Ethan Place, and Matthew Thompson. Nic Danielson continues to be a main collaborator from afar along with Mark Isakson.
On April 18, 2013 Kate Tucker and the Sons of Sweden released Long View, a song sampler exclusively available on NoiseTrade. Included are songs from their forthcoming album, The Shape, The Color, The Feel, along with live versions of previously released tracks and their entire debut album.
Tucker went on to produce what Huffington Post called an "admirably ambitious" Kickstarter, raising over 20K to fund The Shape, The Color, The Feel visual album a collaboration between Kate Tucker & the Sons of Sweden and 10 filmmakers, 3 choreographers, 2 visual artists, and the Nashville community, resulting in a full-length album on vinyl with 12 music videos, 2 short films and a forthcoming documentary directed by Miriam Bennett.
Kate Tucker & the Sons of Sweden toured the US in 2014 - 2015. In 2016, Tucker stepped back to focus on songwriting and recording, forming a new project called Little Reader with Ross Flournoy (The Broken West and Apex Manor), Mark Watrous (The Shins), and Graham Beckler who had joined Sons of Sweden as a drummer in 2015.
Little Reader released their debut album, The Big Score, on May 19, 2017. The music video for "Speed of Light," directed by Jessie English, premiered on Conan's Team Coco.
In fall of 2017, Tucker announced the coming of her new solo record, Practical Sadness, with a debut single "In Your Arms" out November 17 complete with a VR experience. She released "It's True," the second single, on December 22, 2017 and the full length album on April 6, 2018, followed by a solo US tour.
On June 8, 2018 Tucker released a bonus track to Practical Sadness, called "All I Ever Wanted," produced by Paul Mahern.
Discography
Eros Turannos- Kate Tucker (Red Valise, 2005)
Kate Tucker & the Sons of Sweden - Kate Tucker and the Sons of Sweden (Red Valise, 2007)
White Horses - Kate Tucker (Red Valise, 2010)
Ghost of Something New - Kate Tucker (Red Valise, 2012)
The Shape The Color The Feel - Kate Tucker and the Sons of Sweden (Red Valise, 2014)
The Big Score - Little Reader (self-released, 2017)
Practical Sadness - Kate Tucker (Red Valise, 2018)
Film career
Kate Tucker's experience producing music videos of her own brought her to fashion and film, producing projects for Remedial Media, Conde Nast, Moving Studio, Nicole Kidman and Karen Elson. Tucker is currently directing the feature-length documentary Comeback Evolution about the life and work of Walter Delbridge, a 71-year-old poet and artist living with schizophrenia.
In 2010, Tucker took the lead role in a feature film entitled Everything Went Down, marking her acting debut. The film was based in part on Tucker's songs, and also stars Vancouver theatre artist Noah Drew. Everything Went Down was written and directed by Dustin Morrow.
Tucker has participated in various film festivals including Sundance, TIFF, and Stony Brook, where in addition to performing with her band, she has spoken on the intersection of film and music.
References
External links
Kate Tucker interview on MyNorthwest.com
Kate Tucker Practical Sadness Vinyl Premiere on The Vinyl District
Kate Tucker interview with Noisetrade
Exclusive: Kate Tucker and the Sons of Sweden "Blue Hotel" video premiere on Esquire
"Kate Tucker and the Sons of Sweden Cede Control" - Wall Street Journal
"Kate Tucker Absorbs Loss and Celebrates Connection in 'It's True'"
Indie rock musical groups from Washington (state)
Musical groups established in 2006
Musical groups from Seattle
Musical groups from Nashville, Tennessee | [
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26292240 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy%20Daly%20%28playwright%29 | Timothy Daly (playwright) | Timothy Daly is an Australian playwright, with many national and international productions to his credit.
His 2008 play Derrida in Love, was written for Jacki Weaver, which she performed in a sold out season at the Ensemble Theatre, Sydney. Daly's play Kafka Dances has won a dozen national and international awards since its premiere and is one of the most internationally performed Australian plays. His play Richard III (or almost) premiered at the 2011 Festival d'Avignon and followed with a Paris season in October–November 2012. Daly's play, The Man in the Attic, was awarded the Patrick White Playwrights' Award for best new play. It has been staged in Paris, at the 2013 Festival d'Avignon. In 2013, Daly was the recipient of a Paris Studio Residency Award from the Australian Council for the Arts.
Theatre
The Don's Last Innings (Sydney Theatre Company; Launceston Theatre Company; Riverina Theatre Company; State Theatre Company of South Australia)
Derrida in Love (Ensemble Theatre)
Kafka Dances (Griffin Theatre Company; Sydney Theatre Company; La Boite Theatre Company; Cherry Tree Theatre; Market Theatre; Zenith Theatre; High-Doh Theatre; Axis Theater; State Theatre Company of South Australia; Cyrano's Theater Company; Star Théâtre; Theatre des Opprimés; Théâtre de Chevilly-Larue; Comédie De l'Est; Saint-Cyr-l'École; Saint-Maur-des-Fossés; Festival de Cornouaille; Festival d'Avignon and toured to Strasbourg; Valenciennes; Nîmes and Draveil)
The Man in the Attic (Star Théâtre; Festival d'Avignon; Théatre l'Avant Seine; Théatre Bois de l'Épée)
Beach: A Theatrical Fantasia (National Institute of Dramatic Art, graduation production commission)
The Quiz King (New Theatre)
The Critic Assassinated (National Institute of Dramatic Art; Mummers Theatre)
The Moonwalkers (Griffin Theatre Company; Street Theatre Company)
Complicity (Marian Street Theatre)
The Private Visions of Gottfried Kellner (Griffin Theatre Company; Bakehouse Theatre)
Livingstone (Marian Street Theatre; Ice House Theater; Effie Crump Theatre; Riverina Theatre Company; Brisbane Arts Theatre; Pymble Players and toured regionally to Kalgoorlie; Kunnemarra)
Television, translations and adaptations
Song For Two in the Night ()
The Double Bass (Patrick Süskind) Ensemble Theatre
Liebelei (Flirtations) (Arthur Schnitzler) Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Interior (Maurice Maeterlinck) Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Hours of the Dying (Hans Johst) Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Neighbours (various episodes, Grundy Corporation)
A Lapse in Behaviour Australian Broadcasting Corporation; British Broadcasting Corporation; South African Broadcasting Corporation; New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation; Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
Opera librettos
How to Kill Your Husband and Other Handy Household Hints (based on the novel by Kathy Lette; music by Alan John; produced by Victorian Opera)
Awards and prizes
The Man in the Attic – Winner of the Patrick White Award for Best New Play
Kafka Dances – Winner of a Sydney Theatre Critics' award for Best New Australian Play; Finalist for both the New South Wales Premier's Literary Award and the Victorian Premier's Literary Award; Winner of 5 South African Vita (Now known as the Naledi Theatre Awards)
Outlanders – Winner of Australian Writers Guild AWGIE Award
The Private Visions of Gottfried Kellner – Winner of Australian Writers Guild AWGIE Award for Best Stage Play; finalist in the Victorian Premiers Literary Award for drama
Three Australian Council for the Arts Literary Awards
Residencies and fellowships
Keesing Studio Residency Award (Paris) from the Australian Council for the Arts, 2013.
Friends of the National Library Creative Arts Fellowship from the National Library of Australia, 2017, to progress a script for psychological thriller, Perfume.
References
External links
Profile on Australian Plays
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Australian dramatists and playwrights
Place of birth missing (living people) | [
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921197 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956%20Summer%20Olympics%20medal%20table | 1956 Summer Olympics medal table | This is the full table of the medal table of the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden (equestrian events).
These rankings sort by the number of gold medals earned by a country. The number of silvers is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze. If, after the above, countries are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. This follows the system used by the IOC, IAAF and BBC.
The Netherlands, Spain, and Switzerland (Soviet invasion of Hungary), Egypt, Iraq, and Lebanon (Suez Crisis) and the People's Republic of China (participation of Taiwan) boycotted the games, but some of them took part in the equestrian events in Stockholm.
An additional bronze medal not included in the above Wikipedia table was presented to John Ian Wing, an Australian resident, for advocating that the closing ceremony have athletes march as one nation.
References
External links
Medal count
1956 | [
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50167268 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German%20submarine%20U-2508 | German submarine U-2508 | German submarine U-2508 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 13 June 1944 at the Blohm & Voss yard at Hamburg, as yard number 2508. She was launched on 19 August 1944, and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Uwe Christiansen, on 26 September 1944.
Design
Like all Type XXI U-boats, U-2508 had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of (o/a), a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two MAN SE supercharged six-cylinder M6V40/46KBB diesel engines each providing , two Siemens-Schuckert GU365/30 double-acting electric motors each providing , and two Siemens-Schuckert silent running GV232/28 electric motors each providing .
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a submerged speed of . When running on silent motors the boat could operate at a speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate at for ; when surfaced, she could travel at . U-2508 was fitted with six torpedo tubes in the bow and four C/30 anti-aircraft guns. She could carry twenty-three torpedoes or seventeen torpedoes and twelve mines. The complement was five officers and fifty-two men.
Fate
U-2508 was scuttled on 3 May 1945, in Kiel as part of Operation Regenbogen. The wreck was later raised and broken up.
References
Bibliography
External links
Type XXI submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1944
World War II submarines of Germany
1944 ships
Ships built in Hamburg
Operation Regenbogen (U-boat)
Maritime incidents in May 1945 | [
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144459 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh%20literature%20in%20English | Welsh literature in English | Anglo-Welsh literature and Welsh writing in English are terms used to describe works written in the English language by Welsh writers. It has been recognised as a distinctive entity only since the 20th century. The need for a separate identity for this kind of writing arose because of the parallel development of modern Welsh-language literature; as such it is perhaps the youngest branch of English-language literature in the British Isles.
Welsh writers in English in the early twentieth century favoured the short story form over the novel. This was for two main reasons: in a society lacking sufficient wealth to support professional writers, the amateur writer was able to spare time only for short bursts of creativity; and, like poetry, it concentrated linguistic delight and exuberance. However, the genre did not develop in these writers much beyond its origin in rural sketches. Satire was avoided, and, since the main market was London publishers, the short stories tended to focus on the eccentricities (as seen from a metropolitan viewpoint) of Welsh life.
Introduction
The phrase "Welsh writing in English" has replaced the earlier "Anglo-Welsh literature" because many Welsh writers in English have felt that the latter usage failed to give "Welsh status to Welsh people who, not speaking Cymraeg, nevertheless do not feel at all English".
There is no final, clear definition of what constitutes a Welsh writer in English, or Anglo-Welsh author. Obviously it includes Welsh writers whose first language is English, rather than Welsh, such as Swansea born Dylan Thomas (1914–53) and novelist Emyr Humphreys, born in Prestatyn in 1919. But it also includes those born outside Wales with Welsh parentage, who were influenced by their Welsh roots, like London-born poet David Jones (1895–1974). Glyn Jones in The Dragon Has Two Tongues defines the Anglo-Welsh as "those Welsh men and women who write in English about Wales"
In addition, writers born outside Wales, who have both lived in as well as written about Wales, are often included, such as John Cowper Powys (1872–1963), who settled in Wales in 1935 and wrote two major novels, Owen Glendower (1941) and Porius: A Romance of the Dark Ages (1951), that have Welsh subject matter. In addition to using Welsh history and settings, Powys also uses the mythology of The Mabinogion. He also studied the Welsh language. Then there is the poet, teacher, and critic Jeremy Hooker (born 1941), who taught at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth from 1965 to 1984 and became deeply involved in writing about and teaching Welsh writing in English during this time, though he wrote only a few poems with Welsh subject matter. The Liverpool-born novelist James Hanley (1897–1985) lived in Wales from 1931 until 1963 and was buried there. Hanley published, Grey Children: A Study in Humbug and Misery (1937), a study of unemployment in industrial South Wales and three novels set in Wales.<ref>See Don Quixote Drowned (1953); The Welsh Sonata (1954); A Stone Flower (1968); Another World (1972); A Kingdom (1978).</ref> As one writer notes: "a widely debatable area of Anglo-Welsh acceptability exists". Saunders Lewis, the noted Welsh-language poet, novelist, dramatist, and nationalist, in fact rejected the possibility of Anglo-Welsh literature because English is the official language of the British state, affirming that '"the literature which people called Anglo-Welsh was indistinguishable from English literature". His inaugural novel Sorrow for Thy Sons (1937) was rejected by Gollancz and not published until 1986. Thomas's first accepted book was a collection of short stories, Where Did I Put My Pity: Folk-Tales From the Modern Welsh, which appeared in 1946. He was also known for his negative attitude to the Welsh language, and Glyn Jones sees him as falling "short of being a completely representative figure ... in his attitude to Wales and Welshness," as Gwyn Thomas "appears in his writing to have little sympathy with the national aspirations and indigenous culture of our country". Another writer who escaped from his proletarian background was Gwyn Jones (1907–1999). He wrote about this world in novels and short stories, including Times Like These (1936) which explores the life of a working-class family during the 1926 miners' strike. Jones founded The Welsh Review in 1939, which he edited until 1948; this journal was important for raising discussion of Welsh issues. What is probably the most famous novel about Wales, Richard Llewellyn's How Green Was My Valley, was published in 1939. It is described by Glyn Jones in The Dragon Has Two Tongues as a "staggering and accomplished piece of literary hokum" (p. 51), "a book [that Jones finds] impossible to take seriously, though much of it [he] read with absorption" (p. 53). (See also Margiad Evans [Peggy Eileen Whistler] (1909–58); Richard Hughes (1900–76); Alexander Cordell (1914–97).)
Poetry
The mining valleys produced a significant working-class poet in Idris Davies (1905–53), who worked as a coal miner before qualifying as a teacher. He initially wrote in Welsh "but rebellion against chapel religion", along with the "inspirational influence of English" poets, led him to write in English. Gwalia Deserta (1938) is about the Great Depression, while the subject of The Angry Summer (1943) is the 1926 miners' strike.
There are a number of other authors who published before the Second World War but who did not come from the South Wales valleys.
Amongst these was Swansea suburbanite Dylan Thomas (1914–53), whose first collection, 18 Poems, was published in 1934. Then there is Geraint Goodwin (1903–41) from Newtown in mid-Wales, who, in such works as the novel The Heyday in the Blood (1936), wrote about declining rural communities in the border region. David Jones (1895–1974), whose father was from North Wales, was born in a London suburb. His epic poem In Parenthesis, which deals with his World War I experiences, was published in 1937. Another Swansea poet Vernon Watkins (1906–67) likewise does not belong with the main group of writers of the so-called First Wave from the South Wales mining communities. Roland Mathias suggests that "his use of Welsh tradition was highly selective – only the ancient custom of the Mari Lwyd and the legend of Taliesin". Alun Lewis (1915–44), from Cwmaman near Aberdare, published both poetry and short fiction and might well have been a major figure in the decades after the war but for his early death.
After 1945
The careers of some 1930s writers continued after World War Two, including those of Gwyn Thomas, Vernon Watkins, and Dylan Thomas, whose most famous work Under Milk Wood was first broadcast in 1954. The critic, novelist, and poet Glyn Jones's (1905–1995) career also began in the 1930s, but he belongs more to the later era, and one of his most important works, the novel The Island of Apples, was published in 1965. His first language had been Welsh but he chose to write in English. James A. Davies describes him as "a considerable talent in need of the great editor he never managed to find".
Poetry
David Jones also first published in the late 1930s, yet he belongs more to the post-war era. Tony Conran in 2003 suggested that it was not until the late sixties, "with the 'fragments' that were to be collected in The Sleeping Lord (1974), that his work began to enter our bloodstream and be seen as a significant part of the Anglo-Welsh renaissance".
The attitude of the post-war generation of Welsh writers in English towards Wales differs from the previous generation, in that they were more sympathetic to Welsh nationalism and to the Welsh language. The change can be linked to the nationalist fervour generated by Saunders Lewis and the burning of the Bombing School on the Lleyn Peninsula in 1936, along with a sense of crisis generated by World War II. In poetry R. S. Thomas (1913–2000) was the most important figure throughout the second half of the twentieth century, beginning with The Stones of the Field in 1946 and concluding with No Truce with the Furies (1995). While he "did not learn the Welsh language until he was 30 and wrote all his poems in English", he wanted the Welsh language to be made the first language of Wales, and the official policy of bilingualism abolished. He wrote his autobiography in Welsh, but said he lacked the necessary grasp of the language to employ it in his poems. Although an Anglican priest, he was a fervent nationalist and advocated non-violent action against English owners of holiday homes in Wales. As an admirer of Saunders Lewis, Thomas defended his need to use English: "Since there is in Wales a mother tongue that continues to flourish, a proper Welshman can only look on English as a means of rekindling interest in the Welsh language, and of leading people back to the mother tongue."
Fiction
In the field of fiction the major figure in the second half of the twentieth century was Emyr Humphreys (1919). Humphreys' first novel The Little Kingdom was published in 1946; and during his long writing career he has published over twenty novels. These include A Toy Epic (1958), Outside the House of Baal (1965), and a sequence of seven novels, The Land of the Living, which surveys the political and cultural history of twentieth-century Wales. With regard to the fact that he wrote in English, Humphreys refers to "using the language of cultural supremacy to try to express something that comes directly from the suppressed native culture" of Wales. His most recent work is the collection of short stories, The Woman in the Window (2009).
Bill Hopkins (1928–2011) was aligned with the existentialist wing of the "angry young men" movement. His only novel, The Divine and the Decay (1957), created a scandal with its Nietzschean themes, and the reactions made him abandon what would have been his second novel.
At a local level Fred Hando (1888–1970) chronicled and illustrated the history, character and folklore of Monmouthshire (which he also called Gwent), in a series of over 800 articles and several books published between the 1920s and 1960s.
DramaUnder Milk Wood is a 1954 radio drama by Dylan Thomas, adapted later as a stage play. The play had its first reading on stage on 14 May 1953, in New York, at The Poetry Center at 92nd Street Y.
1960s and after
While the second half of the twentieth century saw the serious decline of Welsh heavy industry, along with serious unemployment and the hardship and suffering that came with it, it also saw significant cultural gains with regard to a separate Welsh identity within the British Isles, starting with the appointing of a Secretary of State for Wales in 1964, and the establishment of a Welsh Office in Cardiff the following year. With these developments came an Arts Council for Wales. For the Welsh-speaking minority there was the Welsh Language Act of 1967, and – from the 1970s – the establishment of more schools using Welsh as their primary means of instruction (see education in Wales). A Welsh-language TV channel was set up in 1982. The culmination of this trend was the creation of a National Assembly for Wales in 1999. The defeat of the first Welsh devolution referendum in 1979 had been a grave disappointment to Welsh nationalists.
The expansion in the publication of Anglo-Welsh writers in Wales in journal and book form was important for the further development of Welsh writing in English. This included The Welsh Review (1939–1948), and Dock Leaves which later became The Anglo-Welsh Review (1949–1987) and continues (from 1988) as the New Welsh Review. In 1967 another important Anglo-Welsh journal, Poetry Wales, was founded by Meic Stephens, assisted by Harri Webb. Shortly thereafter, in 1970, Planet was launched by Ned Thomas. In the early 1990s came the yearly Welsh Writing in English: A Yearbook of Critical Essays edited by M. Wynn Thomas & Tony Brown.
Amongst book publishers, the University of Wales Press, founded in 1922, has been influential. Poetry Wales became involved with publishing, firstly as Poetry Wales Press, and then, since 1985, as Seren Books. Y Lolfa, founded in the 1960s as a Welsh-language publishing house, later began producing English-language books on subjects of Welsh interest. Gomer Press, based in Llandysul, Carmarthenshire, is another supporter of Welsh writing in English. It was established in 1892 and claims to be '"the largest publishing house in Wales". A more recent addition to Welsh publishing in English is Honno Press, which specialises in women writers.
Fiction
The problems of post-industrial South Wales of the 1960s and 1970s is the subject for novelists such as Alun Richards (1929–2004) and Ron Berry (1920–97). Both use humour in their bitter description of the spiritual decay of the South Wales Valleys, where the heavy industries of iron and steel and coal have disappeared, to be replaced by high-technology industrial parks. Similar themes are angrily expressed in the novels of a younger generation, as in Christopher Meredith's (born 1954) Shifts (1988), which deals with the closing of a steel mill, and Duncan Bush's (born 1946) grim portrait of urban isolation Glass Shot (1991).
Another important novelist of the post-Second-World-War era was Raymond Williams (1921–88). Born near Abergavenny, Williams continued the earlier tradition of writing from a left-wing perspective on the Welsh industrial scene in his trilogy Border Country (1960), Second Generation (1964), and The Fight for Manod (1979). He also enjoyed a reputation as a cultural historian. He was an influential figure within the New Left and in wider circles. His writings on politics, the mass media, and literature are a significant contribution to the Marxist critique of culture and the arts. His work laid the foundations for the field of cultural studies and the cultural materialist approach.
The subject matter of the Cardiff-born Booker Prize-winner Bernice Rubens (1928–2004) is quite different. She was a member of Cardiff's small Jewish community; and associated themes were a central concern of much of her writing, including Brothers (1983), where parallels with her own ancestry are obvious: it follows four generations of a family which flees Russia for South Wales. As only a couple of her 25 novels have a Welsh setting she does not fit the narrower definitions of Welsh writing in English.
Poetry
While the Anglo-Welsh literary scene tended to be dominated by fiction in the 1930s, in the latter part of the twentieth century poetry flourished. A landmark event was the 1967 publication of Bryn Griffith's anthology Welsh Voices, which, in Tony Conran's words, was "the most lively and exciting selection of contemporary Anglo-Welsh poetry ever to have appeared".
Tony Conran (born 1931) is an important figure in this so-called second flowering as critic, poet, and translator of Welsh poetry. His Penguin Book of Welsh Verse (1967) has been especially helpful in bridging the gap between the Welsh and English speaking. In his own poetry he makes use of Welsh tradition: for example, his elegy for Welsh soldiers killed in the Falklands War is modelled on Aneirin's Y Gododdin. Swansea poet Harri Webb's (1920–1994) verse, including The Green Desert (1969), is marked in its themes by a radical and uncompromising commitment to Welsh nationalist politics. Another important poet of the late twentieth century is Tony Curtis (born 1946) from Carmarthen: he is the author of several collections, most recently War Voices (1995), The Arches (1998), and Heaven's Gate (2001). John Tripp (1927–86), a convinced Welsh nationalist, was ironically aware of the fact that, while born in Wales, he had worked outside the Principality until his early forties.
Robert Minhinnick, born in 1952, is a notable writer from the second half of the twentieth century. He has been the winner of a Society of Authors Eric Gregory Award, and has twice won the Forward Prize for best individual poem, while his collections of essays have twice won the Wales Book of the Year Award. Minhinnick edited Poetry Wales magazine from 1997 to 2008. His first novel, Sea Holly (2007) was shortlisted for the 2008 Royal Society of Literature's Ondaatje Prize.
Welsh writing in English tended from the beginning to be dominated by men, but the period after World War II produced some distinguished Welsh women poets, including Ruth Bidgood (born 1922), Gillian Clarke (born 1937), and Sheenagh Pugh (born 1950). Pugh was born in Birmingham, but lived for many years in Cardiff and taught creative writing at the University of Glamorgan until retiring in 2008. Her collection Stonelight (1999) won the Wales Book of the Year Award in 2000. She has twice won the Cardiff International Poetry Competition. She has also published novels. She now lives in Shetland.
Although Ruth Bidgood was born near Neath in 1922, her first collection The Given Time appeared only in 1972. Gillian Clarke is a poet, playwright, editor, broadcaster, lecturer and translator from Welsh. She was born in Cardiff and raised there, in Penarth, and in Pembrokeshire. Both her parents were native Welsh speakers, yet she was brought up speaking English and learnt Welsh only as an adult. In the mid-1980s she moved to rural Ceredigion, West Wales. She became the third National Poet for Wales in 2008.
Amongst other poets of the second half of the twentieth century, the names of Roland Mathias (1915–2007), Leslie Norris (1921–2006), John Ormond (1923–1990), Dannie Abse (born 1923), Raymond Garlick (born 1926), Peter Finch (born 1947), and Paul Groves (born 1947) have a significant place. With regard to the current situation of Welsh poetry in English, Ian Gregson suggests that "much of the most exciting poetry in Britain is being written in Wales". He singles out Oliver Reynolds (born 1957), Gwyneth Lewis (born 1959), and Stephen Knight (born 1960) as having fulfilled "their early promise".
21st Century
Fiction
Amongst more recent Welsh writers in English, Niall Griffiths is notable for his novels Grits (2000) and Sheepshagger (2001), which portray a grittier side to Welsh literature; and Malcolm Pryce who has writing a number of humorous send ups of noir such as Aberystwyth Mon Amour (2001). Both of these writers were born in England, but have Welsh roots and are now Welsh based, and write much on Welsh subject matter. Nikita Lalwani, is originally from Rajasthan in India, but was raised in Wales, and her novel Gifted (2007) was nominated for the Man Booker Prize. Trezza Azzopardi's debut novel The Hiding Place (2000) was also nominated for the Booker Prize, and the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize, winning the latter. It is the story of the Maltese community in Cardiff. Jan Morris is better known as a non-fiction writer, but she has written some fiction too, her novel Hav won the 2007 Arthur C. Clarke Award. Brian John came to creative writing late, after a career in university teaching and academic research. His eight-novel Angel Mountain Saga, set in north Pembrokeshire in the Regency and early Victorian period, is effectively a portrayal of "Mother Wales" in the persona of the heroine Martha Morgan. He has also written four volumes of Pembrokeshire folk tales, and two other novels. One of these, written for children, won the Wishing Shelf Award in 2012. John Evans is one of Wales' most uncompromising writers, a former punk rocker, poet, filmmaker and novelist he has also campaigned against the Badger cull alongside Brian May and other celebrities.
Poetry
Current Welsh poets have been surveyed in the University of Aberystwyth project, "Devolved Voices". This was is a three-year research project starting in September 2012 that investigated the state of Welsh poetry in English since the 1997 Welsh devolution referendum.
Poet Mab Jones, the founder and editor of Black Rabbit Press, has won a number of awards, including the John Tripp Spoken Poetry Audience Prize, the Aurora Poetry Award, the Geoff Stevens Memorial Poetry Prize, and the Rabbit Heart Poetry Film Festival Grand Jury Prize. She also received a Creative Wales Award. She has presented two radio programs for the BBC which featured Welsh poetry from the past to the present. Contemporary poets also include Rhian Edwards, Meirion Jordan (born 1985), Nerys Williams, and Jonathan Edwards (born 1979). Rhian Edwards' debut collection Clueless Dogs was named the Wales Book of the Year in 2013. Jonathan Edwards' debut collection My Family and Other Superheroes won the Costa Book Award for Poetry in 2014. Meirion Jordan, who was born in Swansea, Wales, won the Newdigate Prize in 2007 and Seren has published two collections by him. Nerys Williams is originally from Pen-Y-Bont, Carmarthen in West Wales, and her collection of poetry Sound Archive (2011) was published by Seren and Cabaret by New Dublin Press in 2017. Williams, a native Welsh speaker, was a recipient of a Fulbright Scholar's Award at University of California at Berkeley, and is a recent winner of the Ted McNulty Poetry Prize from Poetry Ireland.
Drama
The National Theatre Wales, was founded in 2009, several years after Theatr Genedlaethol Cymru its Welsh language equivalent. As well as non-Welsh productions, it aims to produce original English language works by Welsh playwrights.
Literary awards
In addition to Anglo-Welsh writers winning awards outside Wales, there are also several Welsh awards that can be won by English language writers.
Wales Book of the Year has sections for both English and Welsh, and fiction entries.
The Tir na n-Og Award also has Welsh and English sections. The English-language award honours one children's book with an "authentic Welsh background" whose original language is English.
The Poetry Book Awards is for poets in English, with a full book-length collection.
The Dylan Thomas Prize is for writers in English, and has been won by both Welsh and non-Welsh writers.
Welsh Poetry Competition: international English language poetry contest.
See also
References
Bibliography
Anthony Conran, The Cost of Strangeness: Essays on the English Poets of Wales. Gwasg Gomer,1982.
Raymond Garlick, An Introduction to Anglo-Welsh Literature. University of Wales Press: Cardiff, 1970.
Katie Gramich, Twentieth-Century Women's Writing in Wales: Land, Gender, Belonging. University of Wales Press: Cardiff, 2007.
Katie Gramich, ed., Mapping the Territory: Critical Approaches to Welsh Fiction in English. Parthian: Cardigan, 2010.
Ian Gregson. The New Poetry in Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2007.
John Harris, A Bibliographical Guide to twenty-four Modern Anglo-Welsh Writers. University of Wales Press: Cardiff, 1994.
Jeremy Hooker, The Presence of the Past: Essays on Modern British and American Poets. Poetry Wales Press: Brigend, 1987.
Jeremy Hooker, Imagining Wales: A View of Modern Welsh Writing in English. University of Wales Press: Cardiff, 2001.
Dafydd Johnston, A Pocket Guide: The Literature of Wales. University of Wales Press: Cardiff, 1994.
Glyn Jones, The Dragon Has Two Tongues (1968). Revised edition, ed. Tony Brown. University of Wales Press: Cardiff, 2001.
Stephen Knight, A Hundred years of Fiction: Writing Wales in English. University of Wales Press: Cardiff, 2004.
Roland Mathias, Anglo-Welsh Literature: An Illustrated History . Poetry Wales Press: Brigend, 1987.
Meic Stephens, ed., The New Companion to the Literature of Wales. University of Wales Press: Cardiff. 1998.
M. Wynn Thomas, Internal Difference : Twentieth-Century Writing in Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press,1992.
M. Wynn Thomas, Corresponding Cultures: The Two Literatures of Wales. University of Wales Press: Cardiff Press, 1999.
M. Wynn Thomas, ed., Welsh Writing in English. University of Wales Press: Cardiff, 2003
Ned Thomas, Welsh Extremist''. Gollancz: London, 1971 (reprinted by Y Lolfa, 1991).
External links
International Journal of Welsh Writing in English
The Library of Wales – Writing for the World
Writers of Wales - A to Z database
Welsh Biography Online
North American journal of Welsh studies (Online)
Welsh Poetry Competition
Poetry Book Awards
European literature
History of literature in the United Kingdom
English-language literature | [
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36686030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20Product%20Innovation%20Management | Journal of Product Innovation Management | The Journal of Product Innovation Management is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Product Development and Management Association. The current editors-in-chief are Jelena Spanjol (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität) and Charles H. Noble (University of Tennessee).
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 1.696, ranking it 12th out of 43 journals in the category "Engineering, Industrial", 44th out of 111 journals in the category "Business", and 64th out of 185 journals in the category "Management".
The journal received an "A" ranking as a marketing journal by 1100 business scholars in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.
In 2014 the Journal received 471 manuscripts, desk rejected 59% of submissions, and Accepted 6–10% of the submissions. The top 10 countries submitting papers were: USA (15.5%), UK (11.5%), Germany (9.3%), China (8.1%), Taiwan (7.6%), India (4.9%), Spain and Italy (3.8%), The Netherlands (3.2%), and France (3%).
Controversy
In 2012, the journal published a study that ranked the Henry W. Bloch School of Management (University of Missouri-Kansas City) number 1 in the world for research in innovation management. However, the methodology of the study and the independence of its authors was questioned. In March, 2015, the journal published an "expression of concern" regarding the study. However, four independent scholars had later reviewed the article and found its methodology to be acceptable.
References
External links
Wiley-Blackwell academic journals
Business and management journals
Bimonthly journals
Publications established in 1984
English-language journals | [
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19257785 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesare%20Brandi | Cesare Brandi | Cesare Brandi (Siena, 8 April 1906 – Vignano, 19 January 1988) was an art critic and historian, specialist in conservation-restoration theory.
In 1939 he became the first director of the Istituto Centrale per il Restauro (Central Institute for Restoration, now the Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro) in Rome.
His main books on art interpretation are Le due vie (1966, Bari), and Teoria generale della critica (1974). Le due vie was presented and debated in Rome by Roland Barthes, Giulio Carlo Argan and Emilio Garroni. The philosopher he felt mostly closer to was Heidegger, although their positions didn't coincide; for this, he felt also closer to Derrida, particularly to his theorization of Différance.
His broad practical experience and his phenomenological references ranging from Plato to Kant, passing through Benedetto Croce, Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, Bergson and especially Edmund Husserl and Hegel, culminated in what became known as Theory of Critical Restoration. In 1963 Brandi published his theories in the book Teoria del Restauro (Theory of Restoration), a landmark theoretical essay on restoration. His theory gave rise to 'trateggio,' a controversial technique for repainting missing or damaged sections of works of art.
Brandi's proposals had a great influence in the Italian Restoration Letter of 1972 and, consequently, in the current practice of restoration around the world.
Life
He was Born in Siena in Via di Città, graduated in Literature from University of Florence in 1928 . In 1930 Brandi was commissioned by the Superintendence of Monuments and Galleries of Siena to rearrange, catalog and arrange the collection of paintings of the Academy of Fine Arts of the Tuscan city in the new headquarters of Palazzo Buonsignori.
In 1932 he dedicated his first contemporary art essay to Filippo de Pisis after visiting the artist's Parisian studio. In 1933, having won the competition for Inspector in the roles of the Administration of Antiquities and Fine Arts, he passed to the Superintendency of Monuments in Bologna.The assignment lasted about three years; during this period he spent in the city he took care of organizing a first restoration workshop and the "Exhibition of Riminese Painting of the Fourteenth Century" (1935).
In 1936 he assumed inspection functions at the Antiquities and Fine Arts Department and was subsequently appointed Superintendent of Udine Studies from where he was transferred with mixed responsibilities of superintendency and Superintendency in the Governorate of the Italian Aegean islands. In 1938 he was recalled to the Ministry of National Education in Rome and, on the proposal of Giulio Carlo Argan he was assigned in 1939 the task of directing the Royal Central Institute of Restoration
For his work as a critic, Cesare Brandi has twice obtained the Feltrinelli Prize , conferred by the Accademia dei Lincei : in 1958 and in 1980.
References
External links
‘Cesare Brandi’, arthistorians.info
1906 births
1988 deaths
Italian art historians
Italian art critics
Italian essayists
Conservator-restorers
20th-century historians
Male essayists
20th-century essayists
20th-century Italian male writers
Italian male non-fiction writers | [
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39572932 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotta%20Fraschini%20Tipo%20FE%20%26%20FENC | Isotta Fraschini Tipo FE & FENC | The Isotta Fraschini Tipo FE was an early Italian race car, and the Isotta Fraschini Tipo FENC is the road version and is considered one of the earliest examples of a sports car.
History
Long rumored to have been designed by Ettore Bugatti, the racing FE and road going FENC voiturettes were designed by pioneering Italian engineer Giuseppe Stefanini, with collaboration from chief design engineer Giustino Cattaneo. Drawing from his first race car design, the monstrous 17.2 L SOHC inline-four in the Isotta Fraschini Tipo D, which lasted but one lap in the 1905 Gran Premio di Brescia, Stefanini applied similar principles on a diminutive scale. In early 1908 he created the Tipo FE for entry in the Grand Prix des Voiturettes at Dieppe. The racing FE was the prototype for the production model, the FENC (FE Non Competizione).
Tipo FE
The FE, with its innovative 3000 rpm, 18 hp, 1.2 L SOHC inline-four of 62 x 100 mm, was designed to the minimum 600 kg (1323 lbs) weight limit for the 1908 Grand Prix de Voiturettes, and had a top speed of 95 km/h at an engine speed of 2500 rpm. It featured a 3-speed transmission with direct-drive top gear (not a 3-speed with overdrive as some early historians thought). While the three examples built were not particularly successful in their only competition at Dieppe on July 6, 1908 (8th, 14th, DNF), the FE heralded the death knell for the locomotive-like single- and twin-cylinder race cars of the day. The FE's design became the Continental standard and the archetype for the small high performance sports car, although Isotta Fraschini themselves abandoned the concept almost immediately. None of the FEs are known to survive.
1908 Grand Prix des Voiturettes
1908 GP des Voiturettes race results
Photos of 1908 GP des Voiturettes
Tipo FENC
Consistent with Isotta Fraschini's policy of deriving road cars from its race cars, the prototype FE quickly led to a road-going FENC design in the latter half of 1908. A larger engine capacity of 1.32 L (65 x 100 mm) rated at 14 hp at 2500 rpm, with a cross-drive water pump and magneto, and a four- rather than three-speed transmission (evidenced by driving any of the remaining FENCs) were the major changes. Four versions were offered in 1909: bare chassis, Tipo A (Dieppe racing type, no fenders, running boards, or lights), 6750 Lire (fenders, running boards, lights an additional 250 Lire) - this version $2750 US; Tipo B (touring type, cloth roof, fenders and lights), 6950 Lire; Tipo C (touring type, leather and cloth roof, fenders and lights), 7870 Lire. Top speed at 2500 rpm was 75 km/h with European wheels (710 mm) and 84 km/h with export wheels (810 mm). Due to the severe economic conditions following the Panic of 1907, and a fading of buyers' interest in voiturettes, the FENC was produced for only about one year. Today only five Tipo FENCs are known to exist of less than 100 built.
References
Tipo FENC
Cars introduced in 1908
Brass Era vehicles | [
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] |
8132718 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fingrid | Fingrid | Fingrid Oyj is a Finnish national electricity transmission grid operator. It is owned by the Finnish state (53.1 %) and various financial and insurance institutions (46.9 %). In 2011, power companies Fortum Power and Heat Oy and Pohjolan Voima sold their stakes in Fingrid (25% each), because of EU Internal Market Directive in Electricity, which requires that power production and ownership of the transmission systems should be separate. CEO of the company is Jukka Ruusunen.
See also
Energy in Finland
European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E)
References
External links
Companies based in Helsinki
Electric power transmission system operators in Finland
Energy companies established in 1996 | [
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60621453 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1915%20Philadelphia%20mayoral%20election | 1915 Philadelphia mayoral election | The 1915 Philadelphia mayoral election saw the election of Thomas B. Smith.
Results
References
1915
Philadelphia
1915 Pennsylvania elections
1910s in Philadelphia | [
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33592705 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s%20Man | King's Man | King's Man is the third novel of the eight-part Outlaw Chronicles series by British writer of historical fiction Angus Donald, released on 21 July 2011 through Little, Brown and Company.
Plot summary
This novel continues the story of Alan Dale, based on the historical Alan-a-Dale; warrior and troubadour in Robin Hood's band of outlaws. In the first part of the novel, Robin rescues Alan's sweetheart from an unwanted marriage to an old knight. They stop the bishop from proceeding with the ceremony, and Robin Hood, dressed in the bishop's robes, marries Alan to his bride. This gives way to the novel's main concern: the capture and ransom of Richard the Lionheart; (loosely based on the actual events). During his captivity Richard is driven to compose the song "Ja nus hons pris" or "Ja nuls om pres" ("No man who is imprisoned"), which is addressed to his half-sister Marie de Champagne. The song expresses his feelings of abandonment by his people and his sister. However, this sorrow is resolved when Alan Dale spearheads a valiant and effort to release the king.
Reception
The novel has received some praise. Gareth Wilson, of Falcata Time states that the book is "beautifully written" and also notes it is "classy storytelling style spartanesque prose, cracking overall arc which when blended with his own writing style really generates something special.". Author Giles Kristian, writing for on-line book database Love Reading, stated that the novel is "A fresh, lively and welcome take on one of the world's most famous outlaws." and that it "stirred in me a nostalgia for all the great stories of my childhood; those that thrilled me, inspired me and shaped who I am today.". Additionally, The Times stated that the novel is "A glorious, gritty, violent, fast-moving recreation of an English legend".
References
External links
2011 British novels
Novels set in the Middle Ages
English historical novels
Novels by Angus Donald | [
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1283673 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link%20REIT | Link REIT | Link Real Estate Investment Trust (, or ; previously known as The Link Real Estate Investment Trust (, or ), managed by Link Asset Management Limited, is the first real estate investment trust in Hong Kong and currently the largest in Asia in terms of market capitalisation. It is wholly owned by private and institutional investors.
Link REIT's portfolio consists of 126 properties with about 9 million sq ft of retail and office space in Hong Kong, as well as 7 properties with about 6 million sq ft of retail and office space outside Hong Kong.
Link REIT has its head office at (海濱匯) in Kwun Tong.
History
The LINK REIT was established by the Hong Kong government, which hived off assets from the Hong Kong Housing Authority that included 151 retail facilities – mainly within public housing estates – and 79,000 parking spaces. The date for the listing was 25 November 2005, at a valuation of HK$22.02 billion (Valuation = 2,137,454,000 x HK$10.30 = HK$22.02 Billion) (US$2.82 billion). Upon privatisation, Link Reit remains tied to terms in existing tenancy agreements, but will not longer require approval from government to increase rents for new leases. However, financial analysts expected attractive dividend yields – up to 7 per cent – from the privatised company and greater commercial orientation, although some feared that the scope for increasing rental income and cutting labour costs might be limited due to most of its properties being tied to the public housing sector.
Initial public offering
IPO of The Link REIT, delayed for a year until 2005 through legal action by housing tenants worried that rents would rise, was eventually 18 times oversubscribed. About 510,000 Hong Kong residents, or seven percent of the city's population, placed US$36 billion of orders while institutional investors were ready to commit US$40 billion.
The IPO's joint global coordinators were Goldman Sachs, HSBC Holdings plc, and UBS AG. JPMorgan Chase & Co. was the financial adviser to the Housing Authority.
The proposed flotation of The Link REIT by the Housing Authority was delayed when a public housing tenant, Lo Siu-lan, challenged the legality of the proposed divestment of the properties. Lo's lawyer submitted that the Housing Authority had "breached its duty under the Housing Ordinance to provide housing to people in need. Instead, it was selling assets to a private company, which could sublet the properties at market rates rather than benefiting the underprivileged". She represented a concern among many residents of public housing that existing amenities would no longer be public and that The Link would raise rents, thereby forcing price rises in shops without due consideration of the public good. Some NGOs also were concerned that the reduced income of the Housing Authority would eventually lead to rent rises for public tenants. Lo's request for judicial review of the privatisation was rejected at the Court of First Instance and the Court of Appeal.
Since the listing in 2005, Link has engaged in a process of 'asset enhancement works', seeking to raise the value of the properties through upgraded physical structure, replacing low-end utility local shops with higher-paying brands and chains, enhanced 'customer service', and promotional activities. The Link also overhauled many of the wet markets under its management. The renovations have led to higher rents, higher prices, and the loss of local shops.
Acquisition of properties
In moves to diversify its property portfolio and mix, Link acquired the shopping mall portion of Nan Fung Centre with parking facilities in Hang Hau, from Nan Fung Group mid 2010 for a total of $1.17 billion.
In late 2010, Link acquired the shopping mall portion of Maritime Bay Shopping Mall with parking facilities in Hang Hau, from Sino Group, for a total of $588.4 million
In mid 2014, Link acquired The Lions Rise Mall with parking facilities in Wong Tai Sin, from Kerry Properties, for a total of $1.38 billion.
In 2015, The Link took its first step in purchasing by government land auction when it partnered with Nan Fung Group to buy land lot NKIL 6512 in Kwun Tong for a total of $5.86 billion in January. Then, Link surprised the market by successively making its first two purchases in mainland China, when it acquired Beijing EC Mall, for a consideration of ¥2.5 billion; it acquired two commercial buildings in Shanghai for ¥6.6 billion. The company has a target where mainland properties would not exceed 12.5% of its portfolio.
On 19 February 2016, a subsidiary of the Link purchased the Trade and Industry Department Tower in Mong Kok (formerly the Argyle Centre Tower II) from the government for a sum of HK$5.91 billion.
In Apr 2020, LINK REIT completed its purchase of 100 Market Street in Sydney at approximately AUD683 million from Blackstone Group. It is a building is 10-storeys office tower of 28,385 square metre above the Westfield mall in Sydney's CBD.
Sale of properties
In mid-2014 Link REIT sold four commercial properties, to four different buyers, for a total of $1.24 billion. The properties are Hing Tin Commercial Centre (in Lam Tin), Kwai Hing Shopping Centre (Kwai Chung), the Tung Hei Court shopping centre (Shau Kei Wan), and Wah Kwai Shopping Centre (Pokfulam).
In late 2015 they sold five properties, namely: Fung Wah Estate Retail and Car Park, Ka Fuk Shopping Centre, Kwong Tin Shopping Centre, Siu On Court Retail and Car Park, and Tin Wan Shopping Centre.
In late 2016 they sold five properties again, namely: Sui Wo Court Commercial Centre, On Yam Shopping Centre, Sun Tin Wai Commercial Centre, Cheung Hong Commercial Centre and Shek Wai Kok Commercial Centre.
Green Bond
In July 2016, Link REIT issue a green convertible bonds, raising US$500 million at 2.875% fixed rate due 2026.
Change of Name
Allegedly to do away with its shameful past of expelling tenants, on 19 August 2015, Link officially announces the changing of its corporate names.
Criticism
Economic hardship on lower classes
The Link was called a "bloodsucker" by housing estate residents after the company acquired the Housing Authority shopping centres, renovated them, and raised rents. This has led to local shops being pushed out, higher prices, and the dominance of chain stores within the estates. This trend has reduced entrepreneurship opportunities for lower income people in Hong Kong's public housing estates and new towns, diminishing their chances to achieve social mobility, and has increased the cost of living.
A 2012 campaign by The Link to promote "nostalgic restaurants" in its shopping centres was widely derided on social media as hypocritical. Users on Golden Forum and Facebook wrote that the company "first killed the shops, then makes money from their death" and criticised the company for only allowing chain stores in their properties.
In 2006, The Link cut thousands of staff, a move "fiercely criticised by unionists, who said Link Management had dishonoured a pledge to protect the welfare of its frontline workers when it took over the operation from the Housing Authority". The Link replied that "the job cuts were in line with private practice".
By mid 2015, NGO Link Watch () published a report that showed big chains made up 76 per cent of the 2,075 shops in 22 shopping centres run by the firm, but the Link's CEO claimed, "We continue to maintain roughly 60 per cent of our shops leased to smaller operators."
Anti-Link REIT protests have become increasingly common in recent years. Link REIT headquarters in Kwun Tong has been the site of demonstrations, scuffles, and sit-ins, leading the company to seek a court order to bar activists from entering the building.
Market management
In addition to indoor shopping centres, The Link also acquired many local estate markets in 2005. Such markets are covered facilities with small stalls and shops let out to local residents, generally offering fresh meat and vegetables as well as daily necessities and home wares. As with the shopping centres, The Link has raised rents and also renovated some properties, leading to increased food prices and financial hardship on low-income households.
In Tin Shui Wai, where The Link exercises a near-monopoly on commercial space, the company was criticised by local residents and Legislative Councillors in 2015–16 for planning to convert the Tin Yiu Market into a conventional shopping centre. The market supplies fresh vegetables, meat, and fish to residents of the surrounding public housing estates. The next closest market is 5 to 10 minutes' walk away.
Stall operators at Cheung Fat Estate on Tsing Yi have gone on strike, in 2010 and 2016, to protest rent increases. By the latter strike it was reported that rents had doubled in ten years. Some local residents stated that they visit a government-run market in Tsuen Wan instead owing to the higher prices at Cheung Fat. The Cheung Fat stall owners also protested the outsourcing of the market's management to Uni-China (Market) Management Limited, which they feared will lead to untenable rent increases.
Uni-China (Market) Management also manages the market at Leung King Estate in Tuen Mun, which is also owned by The Link. In February 2016 a group of men dressed in dark jackets with "manager" (管理員) printed on the backs acted in an intimidating manner toward hawkers in the area of the shopping centre since 2 February. More than 200 showed up to protest against the men combating hawkers on the night of 8 February. Some minor clashes broke out between the self-proclaimed managers and the protesters, and required mediation by the police. Two protesters were arrested and one reporter was injured during the clash.
Conflicts between the management and the public reoccurred on the night of 9 February. The men were filmed beating up protesters while police stood by and prevented others from being involved. A reporter was also beaten up by the control team. A 31-year-old man was arrested for causing disorder in a public place. He allegedly interfered with a worker performing his duties at Leung King Estate. The Link REIT distanced itself from the clashes and denied the hawker control team was part of its staff.
Illegal wastewater discharges
In 2016 the Environmental Protection Department initiated prosecution against the Link REIT under the Water Pollution Control Ordinance because wastewater from the Mei Lam Shopping Centre, owned and managed by the Link, was being illegally discharged into the Shing Mun River. The company was fined $15,000 in November 2016 and ordered to rectify the situation immediately.
Bloodsucking landlord
Due to its history as monopoly landlord of community shopping malls, controversial business ethics and unfriendly treatment to neighbourhoods, small business owners and investors. The company is well known as a "bloodsucking landlord" as bipartisan parties has put it over the years for its unyielding fist on its tenants. According to Richard Harris's opinion, Link Reit has been widely considered a "corporate monster" in Hong Kong partly responsible for the city's socioeconomic issues.
Ill managed rodent issue during COVID-19
In Aug 2020, dozens of rats were found crawling over fresh pork laid on the floor outside the vendor during the early hours in Link REIT's Sau Mau Ping wet market.
Government response
Link REIT has been widely condemned by officials on both sides of the political spectrum. Starry Lee, chairperson of the pro-Beijing DAB, reported that former chief executive Leung Chun-ying "strongly criticised" Link REIT in a meeting with the DAB. In an interview with the South China Morning Post, Leung questioned whether the remuneration structure for top management of Link REIT had led to the trust's behaviour. He said that, as the previous owner of the public housing commercial space, the Hong Kong government has a responsibility to public housing tenants "to satisfy their needs and if necessary to provide alternatives to Link REIT properties". He said that a Link REIT monopoly in public estates was not acceptable as elderly tenants could not be expected to carry their heavy shopping to and from other markets. He said there was no plan to buy back the Link, but the government could explore providing alternatives if the Link was not serving nearby residents.
Carrie Lam, now chief executive, was reported in 2016 (while she was chief secretary) to have called Link REIT one of the "three mountains" – i.e. one of the major sources of contention in Hong Kong society – that the government sought to conquer. Lam stated that the government should explore different avenues toward tackling the problem, including launching a potential legal battle against the company.
Similarly, in April 2019, legislator Alice Mak moved a motion in the Legislative Council urging the government to "overcome the 'three big mountains'" that she wrote had plagued the local community, one of which is Link REIT. Various other legislators moved motions to this amendment suggesting means of tackling the problem, including amending the Housing Ordinance to regulate rent increases; constructing more public markets and bazaars to diminish Link REIT's commercial monopoly in many areas, and provide residents with greater shopping choices; creating a dedicated team within the Lands Department to inspect Link REIT properties, and to conduct enforcement against violations of land lease conditions by the company; and buying back Link REIT properties and placing them back under government management.
See also
Privatisation
Securitisation – see "government securitisation"
References
External links
Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange
Politics of Hong Kong
Public housing in Hong Kong
Real estate investment trusts of Hong Kong
Government-controlled corporations of Hong Kong
Companies in the Hang Seng Index | [
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58795990 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Arnaud%20Fire%20Station | St. Arnaud Fire Station | The St. Arnaud Fire Station in St. Arnaud, Victoria, Australia, is a former fire station which has been registered as a historic place on the Victorian Heritage Register. It has also been known as the Old Fire Station, as Former St. Arnaud Fire Station and as Turcock's Residence.
It was listed by the Heritage Victoria.
It was listed by Northern Grampians Shire with statement that the station "has significance as an unusual, intact, rural fire station with attached Victorian residence." It was built in 1883 and was operated by the local fire brigade until 1916. It was also deemed architecturally significant for demonstrating "original design qualities of a Victorian style. These qualities include the single storey hipped roof that traverses the site (the residence), together with a gable roof form that projects towards the street frontage (the fire brigade station). Other intact qualities include the originally unpainted brick wall construction, rendered and scored side wall construction, unpainted and lapped galvanised corrugated iron roof cladding, unpainted brick chimney with a corbelled top, narrow eaves, timber framed, double hung and two paned windows, four panelled timber door, arched vertically boarded double doors, timber verandah columns, cast iron verandah valances and brackets, timber flag pole finial, timber bargeboards, three courses of brick voussoirs forming the arched double door opening and the oculus ventilator. The timber picket fence, exotic street tree, standpipe and post box also contribute to the significance of the place."
It was also noted that the station's " locally made bricks illustrate a technological process no longer in practice."
See also on related standpipe).
References
Fire stations in Victoria (Australia)
Victorian Heritage Register | [
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] |
59898464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jahaijar%20Char | Jahaijar Char | Jahaijar Char, also known as Swarno Dwip, is an inhabited Island in the Bay of Bengal. It is a part of the Hatiya Upazila of Noakhali District in Bangladesh.
History
On 8 March 2013, the Government of Bangladesh handed over the island to Bangladesh Army to develop and tackle piracy. The army has since developed the infrastructure of the island. The army has since eliminated piracy in the island and planted more than 60 thousand trees. The island also hosts a Bangladesh Army armored training ground.
References
Islands of Bangladesh
Hatiya Upazila | [
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] |
33138872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher%20Boscaswell | Higher Boscaswell | Higher Boscaswell is a hamlet near Pendeen in west Cornwall, England. It is east of Pendeen and on the B road from St Ives to St Just. Higher Boscaswell is included in the St Just in Penwith division on Cornwall Council.
References
Hamlets in Cornwall
St Just in Penwith | [
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40971787 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondagaon%20district | Kondagaon district | Kondagaon district is a district of Chhattisgarh, India, and separated from Bastar district on 24 January 2012. with headquarters in Kondagaon.It is mostly renowned for its bell metal craft and other art forms native to the tribal of Bastar. Also known as the Shilp sheher (lit. craft city) of Chhattisgarh owing to the variety of indigenous crafts produced in the area.
The common name for Kondagaon is Kondanar, which means 'village of horses' in Gondi. On 15 August 2011, Chief Minister Raman Singh declared Kondagaon as a separate district.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census, the population was 578,326. 520,841 is rural and 57,485 urban. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 4.15% and 70.1% of the population respectively.
At the time of the 2011 census, 42.44% of the population spoke Halbi, 28.06% Gondi, 22.21% Chhattisgarhi, 3.40% Hindi and 1.39% Bhatri as their first language.
Tourism
Covered by green forest, Kondagaon is known for its natural environment and archeology. In the Keshkal block of district Kondagaon, more a dozen of waterfall and few caves have been found out a couple of years ago. Some of the best known waterfalls, caves, valleys and archeological sites include:
Waterfalls
Katulkasa Waterfall, Honhed
Bijkudum Waterfall, Uper-murvend
Umradah Waterfall
Ling-Darha Waterfall
Amadarha-1 Waterfall
Amadarha-2 Waterfall
Hankhi-kudum Waterfall
Ghumur Waterfall
Kudarwahi Waterfall
Uperbedi Waterfall
Mirde Waterfall
Mutte-Khadka Waterfall
Cherbeda Waterfall
Caves
Alor cave
Bijkudum cave
Katthan-gundi cave
Valleys
Keshkal Valley
Archeological sites
Gobrahin
Garh-dhanora
Amrawati
Megalithic sites
Umradah (Here rock paintings have been found)
Hata Pathra(Here rock paintings have been found)
Ling-Darha Waterfall(Here rock paintings have been found)
References
Districts of Chhattisgarh
2012 establishments in Chhattisgarh
States and territories established in 2012 | [
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70025873 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexey%20Bokov | Alexey Bokov | Alexey Anatolyevich Bokov (born February 23, 1974, Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union) is a producer, moderator, educator, one of the first art producers in Russia, one of the creators of the event industry in Russia, along with producing conducts educational activities (gives business lectures, has a joint course with Moscow School of Management SKOLKOVO, runs own school).
Early career
Back in the US, Bokov got a job with Carlson Marketing Group, which organized Goodwill Games in St. Petersburg. He immersed himself in the producing-television marketing environment and moved to Saint-Petersburg. After the Goodwill Games, he worked at a Swiss-Swedish company that organized large business conferences.
In 1996, together with his investing partner Lyudmila Kudryavtseva, co-owner of the largest travel holding Baltic Travel, he launched his first marketing agency.
Main activities
In 1997, he moved to Moscow and sold his part to the partner. With Sergey Sholokhov, he founded the producing television studio "Tikhiy Dom" (Quite House).
In 1998, he held the first private event in Russia, in the style of 1930s Hollywood ball, dedicated to Fred Astaire. He organized the ball on the occasion of the visit of the Grand Duchess to St. Petersburg, reception of Hollywood's producers led by Peter Greenberg.
Since 2000 heads BOKOVFACTORY Production Agency.
He has produced art projects: the exhibition "The Era of Top Models" for Elle, projects by Vladislav Mamyshev-Monroe, an exhibition of the most important modern Russian personalities by Renata Litvinova, "12" project by Evphrosina Lavrukhina, an art performance by Aidan Salahova with Naomi Campbell, worked with AES+F group: "Othello. Asphyxiophilia" (1999), "The Forest King" (2001-2003). He produced the theatrical production of Othello together with Eduard Boyakov, the creator of Golden Mask (Russian award).
In 2004, he launched the GQ Man of the Year Award as a television format. He produced the award ceremony up to 2008.
For the first time in Russia, he produced the World Class Fitness Awards, "Glamour Woman of the Year", Elle Style Awards, Harper's Bazaar 10 Years Annual Award, in 2006 and 2007 — the National Television Award TEFI.
In 2006–2008, he launched and produced the Innovation Award for contemporary artists.
He has produced exhibitions of contemporary art at MMOMA, Gary Tatintsian Gallery, Saatchi Gallery.
From 2011 to 2017 - he was the general producer of the annual International Film Festival named after Andrey Tarkovsky's "Mirror" in the Ivanovo region.
In 2015, he produced the Mirrors project at the Moscow Museum of Modern Art, which combined three thematic exhibitions and a lecture hall.
In 2013, Alexey Bokov co-produced the first CONTEXT Contemporary Choreography Festival with Diana Vishneva.
He created a series of hackathons, "Cultural Code" — the first platform in Russia at the junction of the IT industry and culture.
In October 2017, for the first time in Russia, the architectural hackathon Arch City Hack was held, combining the competencies of IT specialists and experts in the field of architecture and urbanism. In October 2017, he created the First Russian International Architecture Biennale, which was held in Innopolis with the participation of the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Tatarstan.
In August 2018, he became the ideologist and producer behind the first film festival at the Patriarch's Ponds Patriki Film Festival, dealing with the "film history of the district" and the "cinematic fate" of its inhabitants. The festival was attended by actors Konstantin Khabensky, Nadezhda Mikhalkova, Maria Mironova, Leo Gabriadze, Gosha Kutsenko, Anatoliy Beliy, Vasily Sigarev, Dmitry Bykov, Sophie Shevardnadze.
In 2021, together with Marina Zhigalova, he founded Russia's first international online film festival Patriki Film Festival. The jury in 2022 will be headed by Darren Aronofsky.
References
Links
Alexey Bokov's official website
Bokovfactory Production Agency
Russian producers
Living people
1974 births
People from Tashkent | [
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44253481 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correa%20%28surname%29 | Correa (surname) | Correa is a noble Spanish surname, with its origin in Paio Correia (1125 —?), a knight and lord of Farelães, grandfather of Paio Peres Correia, Grand Master of the Order of Santiago; The remaining Correa, Currea and Currelha houses on the Iberian Peninsula flow from them.
Arts
Aurora Correa (1930–2008), Spanish-Mexican teacher and writer
Caroline Correa (born 1979), Brazilian actress
Chamin Correa (1929–2020), Mexican guitarist
Drew Correa (born 1984), American music producer
Enrique Gómez Correa (1915–1995), Chilean poet, lawyer and diplomat
Eric "Bobo" Correa (born 1968), American musician
Francisco Correa de Arauxo (1584–1654), Spanish organist and composer of the late Renaissance
Francisco Laguna Correa (born 1982), Mexican writer and editor
Hugo Correa (1926–2008), Chilean science fiction writer
Juan Correa (1646–1716), Mexican painter
Juan Correa de Vivar (1510–1566), Spanish painter
Julio Correa (1890–1953), Paraguayan poet
Mayuto Correa (born 1943), Brazilian percussionist, guitarist and composer
Tiago Correa (born 1981), Chilean actor
Politicians
Eric Correa Rivera (born 1975), Puerto Rican politician
Lou Correa (born 1958), American-Puerto Rican politician
Marie-Louise Correa (born 1943), Senegalese politician
Rafael Correa (born 1963), Ecuadorian politician, 43rd President of Ecuador
Ruth Stella Correa Palacio (born 1959), Colombian politician
Sportspeople
Footballers
Alejandro Correa (born 1979), Uruguayan footballer
Andrés Correa (born 1994), Colombian footballer
Andrés Felipe Correa (born 1984), Colombian footballer
Ángel Correa (born 1995), Argentine footballer
Bernardo Correa (born 1995), Chilean footballer
Cláudio Correa (born 1993), Paraguayan footballer
Fernando Correa (born 1974), Uruguayan footballer
Gabriel Correa (born 1968), Uruguayan footballer
Gary Correa (born 1990), Peruvian footballer
Jaime Correa (born 1979), Mexican footballer
Joaquín Correa (born 1994), Argentine footballer
Jorge Correa (born 1993), Argentine footballer
José Erick Correa (born 1992), Colombian footballer
Julio Correa (born 1948), Uruguayan footballer
Lucas Correa (born 1984), Argentine footballer
Maximiliano Correa (born 1989), Argentine footballer
Nicolás Correa (born 1983), Uruguayan footballer
Pablo Correa (born 1967), Uruguayan football manager and former player
Rober Correa (born 1992), Spanish footballer
Rubén Correa (born 1941), Peruvian footballer
Tomi Correa (born 1984), Spanish footballer
Vanina Correa (born 1983), Argentine footballer
Other sportspeople
Ana Correa (born 1985), Spanish volleyball player
Carlos Correa (born 1994), Puerto Rican baseball player
Carmelita Correa (born 1988), Mexican pole vaulter
Ed Correa (born 1966), Puerto Rican baseball player
Emilio Correa (born 1953), Cuban boxer, Olympic Gold medalist 1972
Emilio Correa (born 1985), Cuban boxer, son of E. Correa Sr., PanAm Champion 2007
Fernando Correa (born 1961), Venezuelan cyclist
Harold Correa (born 1988), French triple jumper
Javier Correa (born 1976), Argentine sprint canoeist
Kamalei Correa (born 1994), American football player
Miguel Correa (born 1983), Argentine sprint canoeist
Other
Antonio de los Reyes Correa (1665–1758), Puerto Rican military officer of Spanish ancestry
Antonio Correa Cotto (1926–1952), Puerto Rican criminal
Carolina Correa Londoño (1905–1986), First Lady of Colombia from 1953 to 1957
Charles Correa (1930–2015), Indian architect
Gilberto Correa (born 1943), Venezuelan television personality
Heriberto Correa Yepes (1916–2010), Colombian Roman Catholic bishop
Jaime Correa (born 1957), Colombian-American urban planner and architect
Luis Fernando Correa Bahamon (born 1955), Colombian businessman, philanthropist and investor
Maevia Noemí Correa (1914–2005), Argentine botanist
Mathias F. Correa (1910–1963), U.S. intelligence pioneer, lawyer and prosecutor
Mateo Correa Magallanes (1866–1927), often referred to as Father Correa or St. Mateo Correa, a Mexican Martyr
Mireya Correa (born 1940), Panamanian botanist
Raquel Correa (1934–2012), Chilean journalist
Mark Anthony Correa (born 1968), Commander, U.S. Navy, veteran of Desert Storm, Desert Shield, Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Global War on Terrorism.
See also
Corea, an alternate spelling
Correia or Corrêa, its Portuguese and Galician equivalent
Correa
4th generation on Portuguese side to the Hawaiian Kingdom. Kumu Hula Renee Ku’uleinani Correa Kekapa’i Paio/Mano Price (1955…). Hawaiian and Portuguese decent
References
Spanish-language surnames | [
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] |
68587489 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophie%20Mitchelmore | Sophie Mitchelmore | Sophie Mitchelmore (born 21 January 2001) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Hampshire and Southern Vipers. An all-rounder, she is a right-handed batter and right-arm medium bowler. She previously played for Oxfordshire.
Early life
Mitchelmore was born on 21 January 2001 in Banbury, Oxfordshire.
Domestic career
Mitchelmore made her county debut in 2016, for Oxfordshire against Cornwall. In 2017, she was Oxfordshire's joint-leading wicket-taker in the County Championship, with 7 wickets including her List A best bowling figures of 5/10, taken against Dorset. She scored her maiden half-century in the 2018 Women's County Championship, as well as ending the season as the fourth-highest wicket-taker across the whole tournament, with 18 wickets at an average of 7.44. In the 2019 Women's County Championship, she was Oxfordshire's second-highest run-scorer and joint-leading wicket-taker, with 135 runs and 9 wickets, as well as making a career-best score of 63* against Wiltshire.
Ahead of the 2021 season, Mitchelmore joined Hampshire. She played 6 matches for the side in the Twenty20 Cup, scoring 76 runs with a best of 43*. In April 2021, Mitchelmore was named in the Southern Vipers Academy squad for the season, and made 78 for the side in a match against the Western Storm Academy on 18 August 2021. On 28 August 2021, Mitchelmore made her debut for the full Southern Vipers side, in a Charlotte Edwards Cup match against South East Stars. She went on to play one further match in the tournament that season.
References
External links
2001 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Banbury
Oxfordshire women cricketers
Hampshire women cricketers
Southern Vipers cricketers | [
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37714728 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformed%20Priests%20Protection%20Society | Reformed Priests Protection Society | The Reformed Priests Protection Society was a charity founded in 1844 to support former Roman Catholic priests who converted to the Church of Ireland. It was also known as the Priests' Protection Society for Ireland or the Reformed Romanist Priests' Protection Society. The Society had four objects:
to "protect Priests of good character, who conscientiously abandon the Church of Rome for the pure faith of the Gospel" and to find positions for them in parishes or as missionaries
to "afford protection and education" to men who abandon studying for the Roman Catholic priesthood "in consequence of the influence of divine truth"
to promote "Scriptural and anti-popish instruction" through sermons and pamphlets
to "reform Romish Priests" worldwide
The Society's first secretary was Rev. Thomas Scott, and its first patron was Robert Jocelyn, 3rd Earl of Roden, a leading evangelical within the Second Reformation of Anglicanism, who said that the Society helped "unfortunate men [who] would be persecuted by the Church they left, and suspected by that which they joined". Its foundation on 5 May 1844 was marked by a service in St. Audoen's Church of Ireland church in which "the Rev. Solomon Frost renounced Popery". Scott was curate of St. Audoen's parish from 1831 to 1848, and maintained a parish register instigated by Mortimer O'Sullivan in 1827 listing such conversion services. In the three years after Frost, Scott recorded the conversion at St. Audoen's of four more priests, a monk, and two seminarians. Although Michael John Brenan was said by the Catholic Encyclopedia to have been supported by the Priests' Protection Society in the interval from his conversion to his recantation, in fact this was in 1809, decades before the Society's foundation.
The Society's tracts were published by the "Religious Book and Tract Depository for Ireland", which shared its office and library on Sackville Street (now O'Connell Street) in Dublin. It was critical of the Catholic Church's ethos and practice, and hostile to St Patrick's College, Maynooth, the seminary of the Irish Roman Catholic hierarchy. It opposed the Maynooth Grant and other government policies conciliatory to Roman Catholicism in Ireland. The society nominated several former Maynooth students to give evidence to the 1853–1855 Royal Commission into the college. Among these were Denis Leyne Brasbie and W. J. Burke, who had converted prior to the society's formation and became early beneficiaries and advocates of its work. In 1844 proselytism around Dingle by the Irish Society for Promoting the Education of the Native Irish through the Medium of Their Own Language worried Bishop Cornelius Egan, who sent Brasbie as curate to bolster the ministry of Keelmelchedar (Kilmalkedar) parish. When Brasbie himself publicly converted, there was public unrest which made him fear for his safety, and he remained notorious in the local folk memory.
By the 1870s the Society claimed to have supported over 100 converts, between priests and students. Thomas Scott was succeeded as secretary by Robert Wade Thompson, a justice of the peace and militia captain. In the 1920s Catholic priest E.J. Quigley that, although "[p]ossibly the Society has still members, clerks, secretary and fund", it was "an extinct volcano". Quigley claimed there had only been 29 converted priests, of whom 12 were Irish, "about six" English, and the balance from the continent, including Alessandro Gavazzi and Giacinto Achilli; "the apostate priests of Europe ... made Dublin their Mecca, and received woollens and wives from the Society".
The Society is mentioned in James Joyce's novel Ulysses, in one of the "hallucinations" in the "Circe" episode, when Dr Dixon says that "Professor Bloom is a finished example of the new womanly man. ... He has written a really beautiful letter, a poem in itself, to the court missionary of the Reformed Priests Protection Society". This reflects a stereotypical association by Irish nationalists during the Gaelic revival of West Britonism with effeminacy; It may also allude to the New York Society for the Suppression of Vice, which had funded a 1921 obscenity suit against The Little Review for publishing draft excerpts from Ulysses.
the Reformed Priests Protection Society remains a registered charity with an address "care of the Irish Church Missions".
References
Citations
Sources
Part I (Report and Appendix) Part II (Minutes of Evidence and Answers to Paper K, etc.)
Anglican missions
Church of Ireland
History of Christianity in Ireland
Anglican organizations established in the 19th century
Protestant evangelisation of Irish Roman Catholics
1844 establishments in the United Kingdom
1840s establishments in Ireland | [
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18048190 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue%20Melody%3A%20Tim%20Buckley%20Remembered | Blue Melody: Tim Buckley Remembered | Blue Melody: Tim Buckley Remembered is a biography of late 1960s and 1970s American musician and songwriter, Tim Buckley, written by his former lead guitarist and friend Lee Underwood. The book is an overview of the life and times of Tim Buckley and his group, documenting live performances and studio sessions.
External links
Counterculture review
American biographies
2002 non-fiction books | [
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21119464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daxiatitan | Daxiatitan | Daxiatitan (meaning "Daxia giant" after a tributary of the Yellow River) is a genus of titanosaur sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Lanzhou Basin, Gansu Province, northwestern China. It is known from fossils including several neck vertebrae, a shoulder blade, and a thigh bone.
Description
Daxiatitan was an extremely large dinosaur, estimated at . Based on its femur width of 57 cm, the weight of this dinosaur was calculated at about 35 000 kg in January 2020.
Like both Euhelopus and Huanghetitan, it had an enormously long neck.
References
Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
Titanosaurs
Fossil taxa described in 2008
Paleontology in Gansu | [
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18205207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latkowo%2C%20Inowroc%C5%82aw%20County | Latkowo, Inowrocław County | Latkowo () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Inowrocław, within Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.
References
Villages in Inowrocław County | [
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54499973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional%20Football%20League%20of%20Ukraine%20Under%2019 | Professional Football League of Ukraine Under 19 | The Professional Football League of Ukraine Under-19 () is the second tier league for the Ukrainian football reserve team, the parent clubs of which compete in the Ukrainian First League or other lower leagues (teams that do not compete in Premier League U-19).
The competitions are administered jointly by the Professional Football League of Ukraine and the Ukrainian Youth Football League.
History
The League was established in 2016 for the 2016–17 season. The relegation and promotion procedure of the league is not regulated. Some teams, clubs of which would gain promotion through competition of senior squads, continue to play in the Ukrainian Premier League competitions among under-19 teams. The competition is voluntary and no teams are required to be relegated. The competition is opened to any teams of the Professional Football League of Ukraine (including First and Second leagues), for which it is initially was intended, as well as other youth football clubs and sports schools. No clubs from any of league of the PFL (First or Second) are required to field their under-19 team in the competition. The competition is intended to help prepare a youth squad if a club would gain promotion to the Ukrainian Premier League.
A playing season of the league consists of two parts, the first group stage which consists of several groups composed based on geographic principal where teams play double round robin. The best top teams qualify for finals which usually are played also in group format on "neutral turf" to identify a champion.
Seasons
Teams
As of 2021 there were at least 10 teams competing in every season since 2016 and 5 more since 2017.
since 2016 – FC Barsa Sumy (Amateurs), FC Cherkaskyi Dnipro (PFL 1→Amateurs, renamed), DYuSSh-15 Kyiv (Amateurs), MFC Zhytomyr (Amateur→PFL 2, renamed), Olimpik-SDYuShOR-2 Kropyvnytskyi (Amateurs, renamed), FC Bukovyna Chernivtsi (PFL 1→2), Teplovyk-DYuSSh-3 Ivano-Frankivsk (PFL 2→1, renamed), FC Podillya Khmelnytskyi (PFL 2), Hirnyk Novoyavorivsk (Amateurs), ARZ Bila Tservka (Amateurs, renamed)
since 2017 – Nika Ivano-Frankivsk (Amateurs), Lyubomyr Stavyshche (Amateurs), FC Lokomotyv Kyiv (Amateurs), Atletyk Odesa (Amateurs), FC Helios Kharkiv (PFL 1→Amateurs, renamed)
Please note, in 2018 based on the Cherkaskyi Dnipro under-19 team there was revived FC Dnipro Cherkasy, while Cherkaskyi Dnipro was reorganized as FC Cherkashchyna due to financial hardship, see the club's article for more information. Also, in 2018 Kobra Kharkiv tried to replace FC Helios Kharkiv in the Ukrainian First League, but was not successful, its junior team however was admitted in under-19 competitions replacing the Helios Kharkiv under-19 team.
See also
Ukrainian First League
Ukrainian Premier League Reserves and Under 19
Ukrainian Youth Football League, main national youth competitions among teenagers in four age categories up to under 17 and divided into two leagues for each age category
References
External links
Ukrainian Championship Under-19. First League at Amsport
Junior Championship Under-19 at Gold Talant
First League Under-19 at Football Federation of Ukraine
Youth 2
Sports leagues established in 2016
2016 establishments in Ukraine
Youth football in Ukraine
Ukraine 2 | [
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] |
45056244 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20in%20Ivory%20Coast | 2002 in Ivory Coast | The following lists events that happened during 2002 in Ivory Coast.
Incumbents
President: Laurent Gbagbo
Prime Minister: Pascal Affi N'Guessan
Events
September
September 19 - An attempted coup by disaffected former soldiers of Côte d'Ivoire was put down, with the death of the alleged coup leader, General Robert Guéï, a former military dictator of the country. Guéï was killed when his car refused to stop at a roadblock in downtown Abidjan. Rebels continue in control of the cities of Bouaké and Korhogo.
References
2000s in Ivory Coast
Years of the 21st century in Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast | [
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32734834 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mottet%20baronets | Mottet baronets | The Mottet Baronetcy, of Liège, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 16 November 1660 for Giles Mottet, of Liège in Flanders. However, nothing further is known of him or any possible descendants.
Mottet baronets, of Liège (1660)
Sir Giles Mottet, 1st Baronet
References
Extinct baronetcies in the Baronetage of England | [
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6150498 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20William%20M.%20Wood%20%28DD-715%29 | USS William M. Wood (DD-715) | USS William M. Wood (DD/DDR-715) was a in the United States Navy during the final year of World War II. She was in commission for 31 years, from 1945 through 1976, serving in both the Pacific and Atlantic Fleets. She was the second Navy ship named for Navy Surgeon-General William M. Wood (1809–1880).
William M. Wood was laid down on 2 November 1944 at Newark, New Jersey, by the Federal Shipbuilding & Drydock Company; launched on 29 July 1945; sponsored by Mrs. Joseph P. Tracy; and commissioned at the New York Naval Shipyard on 24 November 1945, Commander George R. Wilson in command.
1945–1949
Following shakedown out of Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, and type training in the Norfolk, Virginia area, William M. Wood operated in the Caribbean Sea from April to June 1946. In June, she was reassigned to the Pacific Fleet. She arrived in San Diego, California during the first week in July but departed there a week later, bound for Hawaii. The destroyer operated out of Pearl Harbor from mid-July to late September, when she received orders to duty along the coast of China. The warship arrived in Tsingtao, China, near the middle of October and began patrolling the Yellow Sea between northern China and Korea in an effort to stem postwar smuggling. That task lasted until February 1947 when she headed back to the United States, arriving in San Diego early in March.
During the following six months, William M. Wood conducted type training along the Pacific coast and underwent a three-month overhaul. In October 1947, the destroyer joined Destroyer Division (DesDiv) 131 in screening the aircraft carrier on an extended voyage to the western Pacific. In the ensuing seven months, the ships called at Sydney, Australia; Hong Kong; Shanghai and Tsingtao in China; and Yokosuka, Japan. She returned to San Diego with the unit in May 1948 and resumed normal training and upkeep operations which were broken once by a two-month overhaul at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard.
On 1 April 1949, a new fleet organization was promulgated reassigning William M. Wood to the Atlantic Fleet. The destroyer, however, remained on the west coast until 5 October, when she finally sailed for her new home port, Newport, R.I. She reported for duty with the Destroyer Force, Atlantic Fleet (DesLant) on 21 October. The warship served DesLant as a school ship training junior officers in gunnery and engineering.
1950–1959
In May 1950, the warship participated in a Navy-Marine Corps amphibious exercise conducted on the North Carolina coast. During the following month, she conducted underway training out of Newport. July brought a brief tour of duty in Caribbean waters with a hunter/killer group and a quick visit to Iceland.
The destroyer returned to Newport in August but put to sea the next month for the first of many deployments with the 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean Sea. After two months of duty, however, William M. Wood left the 6th Fleet to resume operations out of United States ports. Following a brief leave and upkeep period at Newport, the destroyer moved south to Pensacola, Florida, where she served for a time as plane guard for the aircraft carrier during carrier qualifications.
At the conclusion of that assignment, she returned to normal duty out of Newport. In January 1952, she embarked upon her second Mediterranean cruise. That tour of duty lasted seven months during which time she participated in several NATO multinational exercises. That tour of duty also included visits to ports in the United Kingdom, Belgium, and Germany. She returned to Newport in July and, after a voyage to Halifax, Nova Scotia in company with the aircraft carrier late in September, entered the Boston Naval Shipyard to begin conversion to a radar picket destroyer. She was placed out of commission on 2 October 1952 and redesignated DDR-715.
William M. Wood completed her conversion to a radar picket destroyer during the summer of 1953 and was recommissioned on 6 June 1953, Comdr. J. S. Slaughter in command. Following a shakedown cruise to Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, that fall, she began her third tour of duty with the 6th Fleet in November. At the end of several weeks of operations with the 6th Fleet, the radar picket destroyer returned to Norfolk early in February 1954.
The following month, she journeyed south to Pensacola, where she once again performed plane guard duties for Monterey during carrier qualifications. The summer of 1954 brought the ship a two-month midshipman cruise to European waters where she made port calls at Cadiz, Spain, and Rotterdam in the Netherlands. She returned to Norfolk in August and spent the remainder of 1954 engaged in training operations. In January 1955, she embarked upon her fourth deployment to the Mediterranean. Again, NATO exercises and port visits at various points along the Mediterranean littoral kept the ship busy. She was in port at Voles, Greece, between 19 and 21 April, during which time the city suffered a series of severe earthquakes. She remained there after the disaster and rendered all possible aid to the victims.
Returning to the United States that summer, she entered the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard for a major overhaul. That fall, the warship conducted refresher training and then returned to Norfolk to prepare for her upcoming Mediterranean deployment. That tour of duty began in February 1956 and ended the following June. Between June and October, she operated out of Norfolk along the coasts of the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida conducting air defense exercises. Mounting tensions in the Middle East precipitated an Israeli invasion of the Egyptian Sinai on 29 October, and William M. Wood hastened to the eastern Mediterranean in November to join Task Force (TF) 26.
The warship began 1957 with Operation Springboard, conducted in the West Indies in January and February. In March, she escorted when that cruiser carried President Dwight D. Eisenhower to Bermuda to confer with British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan. William M. Wood provided transportation for the members of the press who covered the President's visit. In June, she entered the Norfolk Naval Shipyard for a three-month overhaul.
Following that, she conducted refresher training out of Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, for six weeks. In November, the destroyer resumed normal duty out of Norfolk, Virginia with the Atlantic Fleet. She began 1958 the same way she began 1957, with "Springboard" exercises in the Caribbean Sea during January and February. Then in June, at the conclusion of three months of normal Atlantic Fleet duty, the warship embarked upon a Mediterranean Sea cruise.
Not long after her arrival in the Mediterranean, fighting erupted in Lebanon. The intensification of the strife prompted the pro-western Lebanese President Chamoun to seek military help from the United States. President Eisenhower responded immediately by sending Marine Corps units ashore in the troubled country and stationing 6th Fleet ships offshore to support them. During the period 14 July and 3 September, William M. Wood spent 40 days on station patrolling off the Lebanese coast. Following brief visits to İzmir, Turkey; Naples, Italy; and Gibraltar, she headed back to Norfolk and arrived there on 30 September. Normal Atlantic Fleet operations, including exercises along the coast and in the Caribbean, ensued.
1960–1969
Over the next decade, William M. Wood continued to alternate 6th Fleet deployments with duty along the Atlantic coast and in the Caribbean area. In August 1962, she returned to the United States from her 10th Mediterranean assignment and resumed operations out of Norfolk.
That employment, however, was interrupted in October when President John F. Kennedy declared the "quarantine" of Cuba in response to the siting of offensive, nuclear missiles on the island. For 57 days, William M. Wood participated in the quasi-blockade patrols conducted around Cuba to prevent the importation of further missiles and to ensure the removal of those already there.
At the successful conclusion of that mission, the warship resumed normal east coast operations. In February 1963, members of Venezuela's communist insurgent group, the FALN, hijacked the Venezuelan freighter, SS Anzoategui, and William M. Wood joined ships from several navies in an international search for the merchant ship. Their efforts proved to be in vain for the terrorists eluded capture, entered the Brazilian port of Belém, and received political asylum.
Following her return from her 11th Mediterranean deployment in the spring of 1964, William M. Wood entered the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard on 18 May 1964 to begin a Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization (FRAM) overhaul. During that period, she was converted from a radar picket destroyer back to an all-purpose destroyer. She was redesignated DD-715 on 1 July 1964 and completed her FRAM conversion on 11 March 1965 when she headed back to Norfolk to rejoin the Atlantic Fleet.
In the midst of her post-overhaul refresher training, a revolution broke out in the Dominican Republic on 24 April. On the 29th, the destroyer received orders interrupting her refresher training, and she hastened to the scene of the conflict to protect foreign nationals caught in the middle and to support an American, and later, multinational expeditionary force dispatched to the island by the Organization of American States. The situation was soon stabilized, and William M. Wood began a coastal patrol and surveillance assignment. While so engaged, she picked up 13 foreigners, including some American citizens, who requested evacuation. These people were transferred to on 7 May; and, the following day, relieved her on station off the Dominican Republic. William M. Wood then resumed refresher training and completed it on 20 May.
On 18 June, after post-refresher availability at Norfolk, the destroyer embarked upon another tour of duty in the Mediterranean with the 6th Fleet and continued alternating such deployments with normal duty out of Norfolk with the Atlantic Fleet. During 1968, she operated with the antisubmarine warfare (ASW) forces attached to the Atlantic Fleet. In May and June 1968, she participated in the unsuccessful search for the nuclear attack submarine reported missing on 27 May. She closed the year in overhaul at Norfolk.
During her last eight years of active service, William M. Wood made two more routine Mediterranean cruises and then served there on a three-year extended deployment. During the first of her last two normal Mediterranean deployments, which lasted from 12 November 1969 to 22 May 1970, she shadowed two new Soviet ships, and , to gather intelligence on the new hermaphrodite cruisers/ASW carriers. The second of the two cruises lasted from 8 February to 23 July 1971 and consisted of more routine 6th Fleet operations, mostly training exercises both multinational and unilateral.
1970–1977
Following almost 13 months of 2nd Fleet operations during late 1971 and early 1972, the warship embarked upon an extended assignment to the 6th Fleet on 18 August. Her home port was officially changed to Elefsis (Athens), Greece, from which port she operated for almost three years. The warship spent most of her time during that period engaged in training operations with other units of the 6th Fleet and with elements of Allied navies, including conducting surveillance of the Soviet Fleet in the Mediterranean. She also made several forays into the Black Sea for special operations (Operation Silver Fox). In July and August 1974, she conducted continuous patrols in the vicinity of Crete during the Turkish invasion of Cyprus.
Her extended deployment with the 6th Fleet ended in June 1975 when she began a long voyage home. The destroyer visited ports in France, Germany, Denmark, England, and Bermuda before arriving back in Norfolk on 23 July. While the rest of her squadron received overhauls, William M Wood was placed in a floating dry dock for a modified maintenance period. She qualified for 5"/38 barrel replacements and new sonar dome but not installed for fears it would delay her last Med deployment in January 1976. While deployed escorting amphibious task force anchored at East of Crete anchorage, she detected a Soviet submarine and alerted other destroyers and they began to hold down the sub. It became known as the East of Crete Hold Down. A new record for submerged endurance of Soviet Foxtrot class subs was established. She returned to the United States that summer and resumed 2nd Fleet operations. On 1 December 1976, she was placed out of commission at Norfolk, and her name was struck from the Navy List that same day.
1978–1983
She was transferred to the US Naval Shipyard in Philadelphia PA where she remained until 1983. While there, certain equipment and parts were removed and used in the restoration of the museum ship , currently berthed in Fall River, Massachusetts, and open to the public.
She was sunk by eight Harpoon missiles off Puerto Rico during Operation ReadEx 1-83 in March 1983. It was reported that the ship went neutrally buoyant at a depth of 200 feet and the sinking had to be finished by a submarine fired torpedo. Operation ReadEx 1-83 was a major naval exercise involving approximately 70 ships in multiple battle groups conducted in the Puerto Rico Operations Area.
Awards
William M. Wood earned:
Navy Expeditionary Medal (Cuban Missile Crisis)
China Service Medal
WWII Victory Medal
Navy Occupation Medal(Asia)
National Defense Service Medal
Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (Lebanon)
Sea Service Ribbon
References
External links
hazegray.org: USS William M. Wood
Reunion organization
Cold War destroyers of the United States
United States Navy Maryland-related ships
Ships built in Kearny, New Jersey
1945 ships
Ships sunk as targets
Shipwrecks of the Puerto Rico coast
Gearing-class destroyers of the United States Navy
Maritime incidents in 1983 | [
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10766462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pazeh%20people | Pazeh people | The Pazeh people (or Pazih; 巴則海 or 巴宰), including the Kaxabu, are the descendants of the Pazeh-speaking indigenous people from Taichung and Miaoli areas of Taiwan. Due to the processes of acculturation and cultural assimilation, the majority of Taiwanese who identify themselves as Pazeh reside in the Ai-lan district (愛蘭地區) in the central city of Puli, Nantou. Christian missionaries arrived in Taiwan in 1865, and the Pazeh people in the area were fully converted to the religion by 1871.
Current status
The current Pazih community is located around the Ai-lan (愛蘭) Taiwanese Presbyterian Church, which provides support for the Pazeh cultural revival and political mobilization. Presbyterian minister Rev. Daxawan Lai built a museum for Pazeh artifacts and to be a center for Pazeh language learning and cultural activities. The Ai-lan Pazih are currently petitioning Taiwan's government for official status as a recognized Taiwanese Aboriginal ethnic group.
See also
Pazeh language
Kingdom of Middag
References
Taiwanese indigenous peoples | [
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25002470 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wim%20Zaal | Wim Zaal | Willem Philippe Maria "Wim" Zaal (14 August 1935, Amsterdam - 11 October 2021, Muiden) was a Dutch journalist, essayist, translator and literary critic. He was literary editor of Elsevier for years.
He has edited anthologies from the works of many authors, including Joost van den Vondel. He translated works by the Belgian writer Neel Doff from French into Dutch and also translated the memoirs of King Louis Bonaparte in 1983.
Zaal also wrote a few books about Italy, a country that has always fascinated him.
In 2001, Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands awarded him the Honorary Cross of the Order of the House of Orange.
Works
Vloekjes bij de thee: Een reportage over de 19de eeuw in Nederland, J.M. Meulenhoff, Amsterdam, 1961. Re-issued in 1993 by Goossens, Rijswijk
Zó ben ik nu eenmaal: Nederlanders schrijven over zichzelf in dagboeken, autobiografieën en brieven, Bonaventura, Amsterdam, 1962
Aan de rol met Sisyfus: Divagatiën en consideratiën, Wereldbibliotheek, Amsterdam, 1964
De Herstellers: Lotgevallen van de Nederlandse fascisten, Ambo, Utrecht, 1966
Nooit van gehoord: Stiefkinderen van de Nederlandse beschaving, Ambo, Utrecht, 1969. Re-issued in 1974 by De Arbeiderspers, Amsterdam
Geliefde Gedichten die iedereen kent maar niet kan vinden, De Arbeiderspers, Amsterdam, 1972
Gods onkruid: Nederlandse sekten en messiassen, J.M. Meulenhoff, Amsterdam, 1972. Re-issued in 1985 by Kruseman, The Hague, and in 2004 by Aspekt, Soesterberg
De Nederlandse fascisten, Wetenschappelijke Uitgeverij, Amsterdam, 1973
Geheime Gedichten: Die Niemand Kent Maar Die Toch Gezien Mogen Worden, De Arbeiderspers, Amsterdam, 1974
Zoek het koninkrijk: Heiligenlevens voor niet-gelovigen verteld, J.M. Meulenhoff, Amsterdam, 1976
Rome: Gids om Rome lief te hebben, J.H. Gottmer, Haarlem, 1977.
De heiligen: Erflaters van Europa, Ambo, Baarn, 1982
Flip van der Burgt: 1927-1977, Stichting Vrienden van Flip van der Burgt, Amsterdam, 1984
Voorlopige uitslag, De Oude Degel, Eemnes, 1985
Rome, Terra, Zutphen, 1985
Vlak bij Vlaanderen: Een Hollander over het zuiden, Manteau, Antwerpen/Amsterdam, 1986
Verhalen van man tot man, Goossens, Tricht, 1987
Een tik van Italië: Reisverhalen, Amber, Amsterdam, 1991. Re-issued in 2001 by Aspekt, Soesterberg
De verlakkers, Amber, Amsterdam, 1991. Re-issued in 2009 as Valsheid in geschriften
Roma magica: Mysteries en mirakelen van de eeuwige stad, Conserve, Schoorl, 1993
Onnozele kinderen: Lodewijk XVII, Victor van Aveyron, Kaspar Hauser, De Arbeiderspers, Amsterdam, 1995
De buitenbeentjes: 36 schrijvers die ik heb gekend, Aspekt, Nieuwegein, 1995
De vuist van de paus: De Nederlandse zouaven in Italië, 1860-1870, Aspekt, Nieuwegein, 1996
De eeuwige belofte van Eldorado, Aspekt, Nieuwegein, 1996
Rust in Rome: Wandelen langs dodenakkers, grafkerken, catacomben, mausolea en andere plaatsen van eeuwige rust, Elmar, Rijswijk, 1999
Bar en boos: De slechtste gedichten in de Nederlandse taal, Prometheus, Amsterdam, 2001
Zestig jaar in de beschaving, Aspekt, Soesterberg, 2002
Engelenzang en andere gedichten, De Beuk, Amsterdam, 2003
Rome: een religieuze gids, Aspekt, Soesterberg, 2004
Alle heiligen: Heiligenkalender voor Nederland en Vlaanderen, Elmar, Rijswijk, 2004
Moord in het Vaticaan: De mooiste verhalen over Rome, Aspekt, Soesterberg, 2006
Een leeuw is eigenlijk iemand: Nederlandstalige dierenpoëzie, J.M. Meulenhoff, Amsterdam, 2006
God en Zoon: Wat iedereen moet weten over bijbel, christendom en kerkelijke feesten, Aspekt, Soesterberg, 2007
Kaspar Hauser, Aspekt, Soesterberg, 2008
De 100 leukste dierengedichten, J.M. Meulenhoff, Amsterdam, 2009
Valsheid in geschriften: Literaire vervalsingen en mystificaties, Aspekt, Soesterberg, 2009 (re-issue of De verlakkers)
Jan Toorop: Zijn leven, zijn werk, zijn tijd, Aspekt, Soesterberg, 2010
References
External links
Wim Zaal at www.uitgeverijaspekt.nl
1935 births
Living people
Dutch journalists
Dutch translators
Dutch essayists
Dutch literary critics
Writers from Amsterdam | [
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12517674 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerardo%20Vallejo | Gerardo Vallejo | Gerardo Enrique Vallejo (born 12 March 1976 in Medellín) is a Colombian former footballer who played as a defender with Itagüí S.A.
He previously played for Envigado and Deportivo Cali.
He had been capped by the Colombia national football team and played against France and Japan in the 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup.
References
1976 births
Living people
Colombian footballers
Footballers from Medellín
Colombia international footballers
2003 FIFA Confederations Cup players
2003 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
2007 Copa América players
Envigado F.C. players
Deportes Tolima footballers
Deportivo Cali footballers
Águilas Doradas Rionegro players
Categoría Primera A players
Association football defenders | [
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17163841 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%20Tambo%20District | El Tambo District | El Tambo District is one of twenty-eight districts of the province Huancayo in Peru.
Notable people
Tongo (entertainer), born José Abelardo Gutiérrez Alanya (1957), singer and humorist
See also
Ankap Wachanan
Putkaqucha
Waytapallana mountain range
References | [
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2671040 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puta%27s%20Fever | Puta's Fever | Puta's Fever is the second studio album by Mano Negra, released in 1989. The French edition of Rolling Stone magazine named it the 8th greatest French rock album (out of 100).
Track listing
Personnel
Mano Negra
Oscar Tramor (Manu Chao) – lead vocals, guitar
Tonio Del Borño (Antoine Chao) – trumpet, vocals
Santiago "El Águila" Casariego – drums, vocals
Garbancito (Philippe Teboul) – percussion, vocals
Roger Cageot (Daniel Jamet) – lead guitar, vocals
Jo (Joseph Dahan) – bass guitar, vocals
Helmut Krumar (Thomas Darnal) – keyboards, vocals
Krøpöl 1er (Pierre Gauthé) – trombone, vocals
Guest musicians
Mme Oscar (Anouk) – vocals
Napo "Chihuahua" Romero – vocals
Alain "L'Enclume De Choisy" Wampas – double bass, vocals
Zofia – vocals
Charts
Certifications and sales
(select "Mano Negra" from drop-down list)</ref>}}
References
External links
1989 albums
Mano Negra (band) albums | [
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39026692 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20Kaczynski | Andrew Kaczynski | Andrew Kaczynski (born ) is an American journalist and a political reporter for CNN. He became well known in 2011 by posting old video clips of politicians, often of them making statements contrary to their current political positions, to YouTube. He was described as "the [2012] Republican primaries' most influential amateur opposition researcher".
He was hired by BuzzFeed in 2012. He has appeared on MSNBC, Fox News, CNN, NPR, PBS, and C-SPAN. On October 3, 2016, Kaczynski announced he was leaving BuzzFeed and joining CNN.
Early life
Kaczynski grew up in the suburbs of Cleveland. His father Stephen served in the Army and was a lawyer at the firm Jones Day and his mother Theresa was a stay-at-home mother. His parents were raised in New York City and both his grandparents served in the city's police and fire departments. He is of Polish and Arbëreshë (or Italo-Albanian) heritage.
Kaczynski attended Benedictine High School in Cleveland. Following high school, he attended college at Ohio University for two years, but got involved with political reporting, and then transferred to St. Johns University to study early American history. He enrolled in online courses to meet his degree requirement, but did not graduate.
He has worked as an intern for the Republican National Committee, and was an intern in 2011 in the office of Congressman Bob Turner.
Kaczynski got his start by e-mailing reporters' tip boxes with clips he found of politicians contradicting themselves.
Career
Work at Buzzfeed
Kaczynski began working for Buzzfeed at the start of 2012 while he was still studying at St. Johns University. In March 2012, Kaczynski uncovered numerous clips of Mitt Romney supporting an individual mandate, contradicting his then-current campaign position. He also uncovered a clip of Barack Obama protesting at Harvard while at law school over a lack of faculty diversity.
In November 2013, Kaczynski reported that Kentucky Senator Rand Paul had plagiarized sections of a speech he gave in June 2013 on immigration from the Wikipedia article of the movie Stand and Deliver. Kaczynski subsequently reported Paul's 2012 book Government Bullies also contained passages that were plagiarized from articles from the right-wing think tank Heritage Foundation and from the libertarian Cato Institute. Further reports by Kaczynski revealed another four instances of plagiarism from an article by Case Western Reserve University professor Jonathan H. Adler and Pacific Legal Foundation attorney Timothy Sandefur. Another section of the book was discovered to be plagiarized from an article written in Forbes Magazine. The next year, Kaczynski continued with a series of articles chronicling politicians' plagiarism. Kaczynski found more than a dozen examples of politicians running for office in 2014 copying their plans and issues pages verbatim from other candidates. In January 2017, Kaczynski reported that Monica Crowley had plagiarized large sections of her 2012 book What The (Bleep) Just Happened. The publisher, HarperCollins, announced they would stop selling the book. The Trump Administration tapped Crowley to serve as senior director of strategic communications for the National Security Council. In May 2017, he reported that Sheriff David Clarke had plagiarized portions of his master's thesis.
Following the Boston Marathon bombings of 2013, he played a role in spreading unsubstantiated misinformation about the identities of the suspected bombers when he retweeted false reports made by Reddit user Greg Hughes.
In 2015, Politico reported Kaczynski was leading internal opposition research at BuzzFeed looking to dig up dirt on politicians. NPR reported Kaczynski's team dug up clips of Donald Trump saying he supported – despite statements to the contrary – the Iraq War; a clip of Hillary Clinton referring to some children as "super predators"; a video of Ben Carson saying he believed the pyramids were used to store grain; and a video of Bernie Sanders proclaiming his support for Fidel Castro and the Sandinistas in Nicaragua. Kaczynski subsequently found clips of Donald Trump supporting the 2011 American intervention in Libya, the toppling of Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak, and pushing for U.S. action to protect Iranian protesters. Clips Kaczynski found of Donald Trump on the Howard Stern Show were used in both Democratic and Republican attack ads against Trump and as the basis of a question in the first general election Presidential debate of 2016. During the U.S. campaign for president in 2016, Kaczynski brought to attention a statement by the chairman of the American Nazi Party in support of Republican candidate Donald Trump on the grounds that "if Trump does win ... it's going to be a real opportunity for people like white nationalists."
Work at CNN
On October 3, 2016, Kaczynski and his team announced they were leaving BuzzFeed and joining CNN.
In January 2017, Kaczynski surfaced audio of Donald Trump's nominee for secretary of labor, Andrew Puzder, describing the employees hired at his restaurants as the "best of the worst". Puzder later withdrew due to other reasons, and did not join the administration.
On July 4, 2017, Kaczynski controversially reported he used "identifying information" to find the identity of a Reddit user who created an anti-CNN video meme President Donald Trump tweeted two days prior, using a Facebook search to find them. The Reddit user had a history of racist, anti-Muslim, and anti-Semitic postings. Kaczynski reported the creator's identity would be withheld by CNN, since the creator was a private citizen, and because he had issued an "extensive apology". CNN executive editor of standards, Rick Davis, then added the disclaimer "CNN reserves the right to publish his identity, should any of that change". The disclaimer was subject to criticism that it created the appearance of blackmail, while, conversely, the article was also criticized for not revealing the subject's name. Kaczynski stated that the line was "misinterpreted", and that the user said that he was not threatened prior to his apology.
In 2017 and 2018, a number of Trump administration officials such as Carl Higbie, Jamie Johnson, Todd Johnson, Christine Bauserman, and Brute Bradford resigned over controversial comments Kaczynski uncovered.
In March 2019, Kaczynski reported on a 1993 Senate speech in which Joe Biden referred to "predators on our streets" and proposed that new legislation was required to utilize prisons to remove them from society.
Recognition
Time named Kaczynski's Twitter feed one of "The 140 Best Twitter Feeds of 2013", one of ten in the Politics category. Slate political reporter Dave Weigel called him "the Oppenheimer of archival video research".
In 2013, he was listed on the Daily Beast website's "Beast Best" awards for his Twitter Feed. In 2014, New York magazine named him the 13th most influential Tweeter in New York City.
Politico named him one of the breakout stars of the 2016 election. In 2017, he was nominated for the Shorty Award for Best Journalist. In 2018, Kaczynski was named to Forbes' 30 Under 30 Media list.
Personal life
Kaczynski is married to Wall Street Journal banking reporter Rachel Louise Ensign.
On December 25, 2020, Kaczynski announced the death of his nine month old daughter Francesca. She died the day prior after a battle with an atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor in her brain. In the year following her death, Kaczynski started the Team Beans Infant Brain Tumor Fund at Dana Farber Cancer Institute and raised more than $1,700,000 for infant brain tumor research. In April 2021, he raised more than $240,000 by running the Boston Marathon.
Kaczynski and Ensign's second daughter, Talia Davida, was born on January 27, 2022.
He was described as a moderate Republican in a New York magazine profile. It was later revealed Kaczynski was misquoted, and called himself "a political moderate".
Kaczynski is a New York Yankees, Cleveland Browns and Brooklyn Nets fan. At 19, Kaczynski had a bout of pancreatitis, leading him to eschew smoking and alcohol.
References
External links
1989 births
American online journalists
American political journalists
American people of Polish descent
American people of Italian descent
American people of Arbëreshë descent
American people of Albanian descent
CNN people
Living people | [
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58790604 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horacio%20Mor%C3%A1les | Horacio Moráles | Horacio Moráles (27 June 1943 – 26 February 2021) was an Argentine footballer who played as a defender. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
References
1943 births
2021 deaths
Unión de Santa Fe footballers
Argentine footballers
Association football defenders
Argentina international footballers
Olympic footballers of Argentina
Footballers at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Footballers from Buenos Aires | [
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2195445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Beamer | Frank Beamer | Franklin Mitchell Beamer (born October 18, 1946) is a retired American college football coach, most notably for the Virginia Tech Hokies, and former college football player. Beamer was a cornerback for Virginia Tech from 1966 to 1968. His coaching experience began in 1972, and from 1981 to 1986 Beamer served as the head football coach at Murray State University. He then went on to become the head football coach at Virginia Tech from 1987 until his final game in 2015. He was one of the longest tenured active coaches in NCAA Division I FBS and, at the time of his retirement, was the winningest active coach at that level. Upon retiring, Beamer accepted a position as special assistant to the Virginia Tech athletic director, where he focuses on athletic development and advancement. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2018.
Early life and playing career
Beamer was born in Mount Airy, North Carolina, and grew up on a farm in Fancy Gap, Virginia.
Beamer is a direct descendant of the notorious Allen clan of Carroll County, Virginia. In 1912, during a court trial, his great-uncle, Floyd Allen, fired rounds in a spasm of violence. The courtroom shooting left five people dead, including the judge, a prosecutor, and the county sheriff.
In 1953, at the age of seven, Beamer suffered a life altering accident. After using a push broom to keep a pile of burning trash in place, he returned it to its place in the garage, unaware that it was smoldering. A spark ignited a nearby can of gasoline, which exploded in front of him. His 11-year-old brother, Barnett saved him by rolling him around on the ground. He was left with burns on his shoulders, chest, and the right side of his neck. Over the next several years, Beamer underwent dozens of skin graft procedures, leaving him with permanent scarring.
Beamer attended high school in Hillsville, Virginia, and earned 11 varsity letters in three different sports: football, basketball, and baseball. In 1966, he attended Virginia Tech and played football. He was a starting cornerback for 3 years, playing in the 1966 and 1968 Liberty Bowls. He graduated from Virginia Tech in 1969 with Omicron Delta Kappa distinction, and attended Radford University for graduate school, while serving as an assistant football coach at Radford High School.
Coaching career
Early coaching positions
Beamer began as an assistant at Radford High School from 1969 through 1971. His college coaching experience began in 1972, when he became a graduate assistant for the University of Maryland, College Park. After one season, he became an assistant coach at The Citadel under Bobby Ross. He spent seven seasons at The Citadel, the last two as the defensive coordinator.
Murray State
Beamer was hired as the defensive coordinator at Murray State University in 1979 under head coach, Mike Gottfried. In 1981, after two seasons as defensive coordinator, he was promoted to head coach. In his six years as head coach, Beamer compiled a record of 42–23–2 (.642). He hired former Murray State defensive back Bud Foster as a graduate assistant in 1981. Foster later joined Beamer's coaching staff at Virginia Tech in 1987.
Virginia Tech
Early years (1987–1992)
On December 22, 1986, Beamer was hired as the head coach at Virginia Tech, replacing Bill Dooley, the winningest coach in school history to date. However, Dooley had been forced to resign due to numerous NCAA violations. Beamer signed a four-year contract worth $80,000 annually, hired by Virginia Tech's new athletic director, Dale Baughman, also replacing Dooley in that capacity. Beamer took over a Virginia Tech football program that had reached six bowl games to that point (three under Dooley).
As a result of the violations uncovered under Dooley's watch, the Hokies were limited to 85 total scholarships in 1988 and 1989, and 17 initial scholarships in 1989. The sanctions hampered the Hokies, and Beamer went a combined 5–17 in 1987 and 1988. Beamer's record in his first six seasons was 24-40-2, a win percentage of .385. After the team went 2–8–1 in 1992, athletic director Dave Braine believed in Beamer and thought he deserved more time. It proved to be a wise decision; the Hokies would not suffer another losing season under Beamer's watch. At his hall of fame induction, Beamer said he would have been unlikely to survive his early years had he been coaching in the 2010s.
Big East (1993–2003)
In 1993, the Hokies would go 9-3 and won the Independence Bowl; at the time, it was only the fourth time in school history that the Hokies had won as many as nine games in a season. The Hokies would go on to a combined record of 75–21 from 1993 to 2000. This included the Hokies' first major-bowl appearances in school history, after the 1995, 1996 and 1999 seasons. The peak year in this stretch was 1999, when the Hokies went 11–0 in the regular season earning a spot to the 2000 Sugar Bowl to play Florida State for the BCS National Championship. Behind the play of quarterback Michael Vick, Virginia Tech led Florida State 29–28 early in the fourth quarter, but lost 46–29. The Hokies finished third in the AP Poll and second in the Coaches' Poll–the highest final rankings in school history, and the highest for a Division I team from Virginia.
ACC (2004–2015)
Virginia Tech continued its bowl eligibility streak into the new millennium and won the 2004 ACC Championship in its first season in the league. Over the course of the next seven seasons, from 2005 to 2011, Virginia Tech won at least 10 games every season. The Hokies were the only team in the country to do so. Beamer's record from 1993 to 2011 was 185–58 for a winning percentage of .761. This was the 4th highest win percentage in the country over this period. Although Virginia Tech went just 28–23 from 2012 to 2015, the Hokies still finished each season with a winning record and a bowl bid.
On November 1, 2015, Beamer announced his retirement from coaching, effective at the end of the 2015 season. He was carried off the field after beating Virginia in the final regular season game to become bowl eligible. Beamer's last game was a 55–52 win over Tulsa in the Independence Bowl on December 26. Memphis' Justin Fuente replaced Beamer as the head football coach at Virginia Tech at the end of the 2015 season.
Coaching records and awards
Beamer amassed an overall record of 238–121–2 (.663) in his 29 years at the school. His teams went to postseason play after every season from 1993 until his retirement in 2015. The Hokies' consecutive bowl appearances streak—the longest in the nation at the time—continued under his successor, Justin Fuente, until the 2020 season. At the time of his retirement, Beamer owned all of the Hokies' 11-win seasons in school history, as well as all of the seasons in which the Hokies won 10 games on the field. Bill Dooley's last team, in 1986, finished with nine wins on the field, but was awarded a tenth win by forfeit.
Beamer's teams won three Big East championships and four ACC titles. Beamer won many awards over his career. He was named the Big East Coach of the Year three times, in 1995, 1996, and 1999. He also was named the ACC Coach of the Year in 2004 and 2005.
Bowl games
Beamer led the Virginia Tech Hokies to 23 consecutive bowl games beginning in his seventh season in 1993 until he retired in 2015. It was the second-longest active consecutive bowl streak in the country at the time of his retirement.
* Assistant Head Coach, Shane Beamer was the acting Head Coach for the 2014 Military Bowl.
Retirement and post-coaching career
On November 1, 2015, after 29 seasons as head coach of Virginia Tech, Beamer announced his retirement from coaching, effective at the end of the 2015 season. During his tenure, he coached the Hokies to 23 consecutive bowl games, including a national championship appearance, along with seven conference championship titles. At the time of his retirement, he was the winningest active coach in Division I FBS with 280 career victories. and is the sixth winningest coach in history at the Division I FBS level.
Special assistant to the Virginia Tech athletic director
In late 2015, shortly after announcing his retirement at the end of the season, Beamer signed an eight-year contract with Virginia Tech, serving as a special assistant to Whit Babcock, director of athletics at Virginia Tech, focusing on athletic development and advancement.
College Football Playoff Committee
On January 17, 2017, Beamer was appointed to the College Football Playoff Committee. Beamer joined the 13-member panel, which was formed when the College Football Playoff was implemented in 2013. It is a 3-year appointment and he was the 14th person to be named to the committee. The members meet each of the final six weeks of the regular season to create a weekly poll of the top 25 teams in the country. The panel determines the top four college football teams for the playoff games to decide the national champion.
Legacy
Hall of Fame Inductions
Honors and tributes
"Beamerball"
During Beamer's tenure at Virginia Tech, putting points on the scoreboard has become a full team effort with the offensive, defensive and special teams units. Often when the team scores one or more non-offensive touchdowns, the style of play is described as "Beamerball". Since Beamer's first season in 1987, a player at every position on the defensive unit has scored at least one touchdown, and 35 different players have scored touchdowns on Virginia Tech's special teams.
Beamer Way
On August 6, 2015, Virginia Tech renamed Spring Road to 'Beamer Way' in honor of Beamer. Located on the west side of Lane Stadium, it is the primary access route to the campus sports facilities. The Virginia Tech Athletics Department also changed its mailing address to '25 Beamer Way' to commemorate his jersey number as a player at the school.
#25 Beamer Jersey
Before the beginning of the 2016 football season, new coach Justin Fuente and his staff collaborated on ideas of how to honor Beamer during the season. On August 29, 2016, the team announced that as an homage to Beamer's transcendent contributions and dedication to special teams, one deserving special teams player would be chosen to wear the number 25 jersey for each game of the 2016 season, earning the title "Special Teams Player of the Week". Beamer wore the number 25 when he played at Virginia Tech as a cornerback from 1966 to 1968. The honorary jersey became so popular with the players, fans, and coaches that the team continued the tradition beyond the 2016 season.
Frank Beamer Day
February 4, 2016 was declared "Frank Beamer Day" in the Commonwealth of Virginia by Governor Terry McAuliffe. In a ceremony on the steps of the Virginia State Capitol in front of a crowd of Virginia Tech students, faculty, and alumni— including his wife, Cheryl Beamer, government affairs directors, Paul Rice and Harvey Creasey III, and university president, Timothy Sands— Governor McAuliffe presented Beamer with a framed certificate to honor his achievements as the head coach of the Virginia Tech football program.
Beamer-Lawson Indoor Practice Facility
On October 6, 2018, Virginia Tech renamed its indoor practice facility to the "Beamer-Lawson Indoor Practice Facility". The building, constructed in 2016 was renamed for Beamer and the family of John Lawson, a former rector of the Virginia Tech Board of Visitors and longtime donor
Frank Beamer Statue
On October 6, 2018, a permanent bronze statue, honoring Beamer's legendary coaching career at Virginia Tech, was unveiled on Moody Plaza outside the Southwest entrance to Lane Stadium, on Virginia Tech's Campus.
Other honors
On July 29, 2016, Beamer was initiated into Alpha Sigma Phi fraternity at the organization's 54th Grand Chapter in Norfolk, Virginia.
On February 1, 2017, Beamer accepted an invitation from Virginia Tech Men's Basketball Coach, Buzz Williams to be an honorary assistant basketball coach and travel with the team for a game at the University of Virginia.
On September 3, 2017, Beamer served as an honorary captain for the Virginia Tech football team for the season opener against West Virginia played at FedEx Field in Landover, MD.
On January 25, 2018, the Virginia House of Delegates issued a joint resolution (2018- No.158) commending Hall of Fame Coach Frank Beamer on his many lifelong accomplishments.
On January 9, 2019, Beamer was awarded the Paul “Bear” Bryant Lifetime Achievement Award at a ceremony in Houston, TX. Beamer became the award's 23rd recipient.
On December 10, 2019, The College Football 150 ranked Beamer #19 on its "Top 25 Coaches in Bowl History" list. Beamer was also listed #45 on the 150 greatest coaches in college football's 150-year history.
Personal life
Beamer married Cheryl (née Oakley) on April 1, 1972. The two met on a blind date, arranged by Cheryl's sister Sheila, while Beamer was a senior at Virginia Tech. They have two children, Shane and Casey, and five grandchildren. His son, Shane played football at Virginia Tech as a long snapper, and was a member of the 1999 team that played for the national championship. After assistant coaching stops at four different universities, Shane was hired by Virginia Tech in 2011 as the running backs coach and associate head coach. Shane left Virginia Tech upon his father's retirement in 2015 and after assistant coaching stops at Georgia and Oklahoma currently serves as the head coach at the University of South Carolina.
In 2006, Beamer and his wife Cheryl published the children's book Yea, It's a Hokie Game Day! under Virginia publisher Mascot Books, Inc.
After the April 16, 2007 Virginia Tech shooting, Beamer was a powerful voice in the Blacksburg community, stating that the most important thing that the Virginia Tech and surrounding community could do was to disallow the act of violence to define the university. Beamer is quoted as saying, "We can't let one person destroy what goes on here every day, the caring, the thoughtfulness. We can't let one person destroy that."
Head coaching record
AP rankings from NCAA Division I-AA Poll
‡ The Big East did not begin full round-robin play until 1993
See also
List of college football coaches with 200 wins
References
External links
1946 births
Living people
American football cornerbacks
College Football Playoff Selection Committee members
The Citadel Bulldogs football coaches
Maryland Terrapins football coaches
Murray State Racers football coaches
Virginia Tech Hokies football coaches
Virginia Tech Hokies football players
High school football coaches in Virginia
Radford University alumni
College Football Hall of Fame inductees
People from Carroll County, Virginia
People from Mount Airy, North Carolina
Coaches of American football from Virginia
Players of American football from Virginia | [
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44321689 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ida%20Augusta%20Keller | Ida Augusta Keller | Ida Augusta Keller (June 11, 1866 – September 10, 1932) was an American plant physiologist and teacher in Philadelphia.
Early life and family
Ida Keller was born in on June 11, 1866 to William Charles Christian and Maria Augusta (née Cramer) Keller in Darmstadt, Germany, while her parents were visiting their former home. She grew up in Philadelphia, where her father was a physician, and was graduated from the Philadelphia High School for Girls in 1884.
She attended the University of Pennsylvania from 1884 to 1886; as the first woman to complete the two-year course in biology, she received a Certificate of Proficiency in Biology. (This institution did not grant degrees to women at the time.) After working as an assistant in the herbarium at Bryn Mawr College for a year, she attended the University of Leipzig for two years, studying chemistry with Friedrich Stohmann and plant physiology with Wilhelm Pfeffer. She did her doctoral work at the University of Zurich, studying with Arnold Dodel-Port (de). In 1890, on completion of her dissertation, titled Über Protoplasma-Strömung im Pflanzenreich (On Protoplasmic Flow in the Plant Kingdom), she received a PhD degree.
Ida had a brother, Harry Frederick Keller, who was educated as a chemist and also taught in Philadelphia public schools.
Career
After receiving her doctorate, Ida Keller returned to Bryn Mawr as lecturer in botany for two years. In 1893, she became a teacher of chemistry at the Philadelphia High School for Girls, where she herself had attended. She became head of the chemistry and biology departments there in 1898. For 32 years, she continued to teach and chair a department until her retirement in 1930. She served as vice president of the Association of Colleges and Preparatory Schools of the Middle States in 1895. From 1911 to 1912, she was the first president of the Botanical Club of the Higher Schools of Philadelphia.
Keller's research interests included plant morphology and fertilization. She wrote several papers for the Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, lab manuals for the high school, and a booklet on local insects. With Stewardson Brown (es), she published a flora of Philadelphia in 1905.
In 1890, Ida Keller became a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. She was elected to membership in the Philadelphia Botanical Club in 1892, being the first, and for many years the only, woman member. She was vice president of the club in 1900. Keller was an honorary member of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a member of the American Eugenics Society. In a period when women were often excluded from professional societies, Keller was exceptional for her
acceptance into the American Society of Naturalists.
In the years leading up to passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, Keller was active in the movement for women's suffrage, serving as vice president of a ward-level organization.
Later life and death
Ida Keller died at her summer home in Aquetong, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, on 10 September 1932, at the age of 66.
Selected publications
References
Bibliography
. Reprinted by Gale Research Company, Detroit, MI, 1976.
Contributions in Women's Studies, no. 201.
External links
Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries botanists database entry
1866 births
1932 deaths
Plant physiologists
19th-century American women scientists
American horticulturists
German emigrants to the United States
Scientists from Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania alumni
Leipzig University alumni
University of Zurich alumni | [
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] |
36519474 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryu%20Sun-jeong | Ryu Sun-jeong | Ryu Sun-jeong or Ryoo Soon-jung (; 1459–1512) was a Korean scholar-official during the Joseon period. He became Chief State Councillor of Joseon in 1512. he was one of maximum merit Jungjong coup. leader of participation coup of Neo-Confucianism Philosophers and scholars. disciple of Kim Jong-jik.
Popular culture
Portrayed by Yoo Hyung-gwan in the 2017 KBS2 TV series Queen for Seven Days.
site web
Ryu Sunjeong:Korean historical person's information
Ryu Sunjeong
References
16th-century Korean philosophers
Korean politicians
Neo-Confucian scholars
Korean educators
16th-century Korean writers
Joseon scholar-officials
Korean scholars
Korean Confucianists
Year of birth uncertain
1512 deaths | [
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6839986 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20theatres%20in%20San%20Francisco | List of theatres in San Francisco | This is a list of theatres and live performance venues in San Francisco, California. For more information on theater in San Francisco, see Culture of San Francisco - Theater.
Theatres in San Francisco
Alcazar Theatre - 511-seat theater at 650 Geary Street
Balancoire - restaurant/bar/club with live performances, 22nd and Mission Streets in the Mission
Bayview Opera House - includes a 300-seat theater; at 4705 Third Street
Beverly Hills Playhouse of San Francisco - theater and acting school at 414 Mason Street, Suite 502 in Union Square
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium - seats 7000, at 99 Grove Street in the San Francisco Civic Center
Bimbo's 365 Club - music venue at 1025 Columbus Avenue
Bindlestiff Studio - 80-seat Filipino American performing arts center at 185 6th Street
Bottom of the Hill - music venue at 1233 17th Street
Brava Theatre Center - 360-seat Main Stage and 60-seat Second Stage dedicated to "the artistic expression of women, people of color, youth, LGBTQ and other unheard voices," at 2781 24th Street in the Mission
Brick and Mortar - music venue at 1710 Mission Street @ Duboce
Cartwright Hotel on Union Square - hosts Magian Productions in the 80-seat Pacific Heights Room, 524 Sutter Street
Castro Theatre - 1400 seats, primarily a movie house, but also used for live special events, at 429 Castro Street
Center for Sex & Culture - hosts live theater and other events, 1349 Mission Street South of Market
Chancellor Hotel Theatre - hosts the San Francisco Magic Parlor at 433 Powell Street
The Chapel - music venue at 777 Valencia Street in the Mission
Children's Creativity Museum Theater (formerly Zeum Theater) - a 200-seat theater located in Yerba Buena Gardens, across from the Moscone Convention Center
Club Fugazi - 400-seat theater and nightclub at 678 Green Street that hosted Beach Blanket Babylon
Cobb's Comedy Club - 915 Columbus Avenue
CounterPULSE - 80 Turk Street, previously at 1310 Mission Street
Custom Made Theatre - Intimate modern plays and musicals. 533 Sutter St - 99-seat theatre. </ref>
Curran Theatre - off Union Square; built in 1922
Dance Mission Theater - 3316 24th Street in the Mission
The Dark Room Theatre - small theatre and event space in the Mission; 2263 Mission Street
Diego Rivera Theatre at City College of San Francisco - home of the mural Pan American Unity by Diego Rivera; 50 Phelan Avenue
EXIT Theatre - an alternative theater in the downtown Tenderloin neighborhood; 156 Eddy Street
Feinstein's at the Nikko - 222 Mason Street
Fillmore Auditorium - historic music venue at Fillmore and Geary in the Western Addition
Fort Mason Center - former military base now housing the following theatres:
Bayfront Theatre - home of BATS Improv
Cowell Theatre - 437 seats
Magic Theatre - 159 seats
Southside Theatre - 160 seats
Gateway Theatre (formerly the Eureka Theatre) - home venue for 42nd Street Moon, and frequent venue for the LGBT company Theatre Rhinoceros; 215 Jackson Street
Geary Theatre - home of American Conservatory Theater company; 415 Geary Street
Golden Gate Theatre - in the Tenderloin; built in 1922; once housed vaudeville acts; owned by SHN
Gough Street Playhouse - 50-seat home of the Custom Made Theatre Co.; 1620 Gough Street
Grace Cathedral - hosts concerts
Great American Music Hall - historic concert hall at 859 O'Farrell Street
Great Star Theater - former movie theater, now used for live performances; 636 Jackson Street in Chinatown
Gray Area Foundation for the Arts / Grand Theater - former movie theater, now used for live performances;
2665 Mission Street, previously 55 Taylor Street, and 923 Market Street
The Hypnodrome - 575 10th Street
Imperial Palace - restaurant featuring weekend production Tony n' Tina's Wedding; 818 Washington Street in Chinatown
Independent - music venue at 628 Divisadero @ Grove
Inner Mission - theater and event space at 2050 Bryant Street in the Mission, home of Theater MadCap
Intersection for the Arts - established in 1965; the oldest alternative non-profit art space in San Francisco; new facility at 925 Mission Street
Kelly Cullen Community Auditorium - historic theater at 220 Golden Gate Avenue; hosts productions by Theater of Others
Lorraine Hansberry Theatre - African-American theatre in downtown San Francisco
Marines Memorial Theater - 609 Sutter Street
Market Street Cinema - 1077 Market Street (closed)
Marrakech Magic Theatre - featuring the magic of Peter Morrison; 419 O'Farrell Street
The Marsh San Francisco MainStage Theatre - specializes in developing new performance; 1062 Valencia Street in the Mission District
Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts - includes a 150-seat theater; 2868 Mission Street in the Mission
Mojo Theatre - theater in the Redstone Building, 2940 16th Street in the Mission
New Conservatory Theatre Center - nonprofit theater company located at 25 Van Ness Avenue
New Mission Theater - movie theater at 2550 Mission Street
New People Theater - 1746 Post Street
Nob Hill Masonic Center - also known as the Masonic Temple or Masonic Auditorium, located at 1111 California Street
Nourse Theater - temporary home of City Arts and Lectures; 1693-seat venue at 275 Hayes Street, Civic Center; reopened for lectures and performances in 2013 after a 61-year hiatus
OASIS - drag theater and cabaret; 298 11th Street, south of Market
ODC Theater - 351 Shotwell Street in the Mission District
Orpheum Theatre - in the Tenderloin; built in 1926; Spanish imperial architecture; SF historical landmark; owned by SHN
Palace of Fine Arts Theatre - 3301 Lyon Street; originally constructed for the 1915 Panama-Pacific Exposition, has since been rebuilt, renovated and seismically retrofitted
Pena Pachamama - 1630 Powell Street
Phoenix Theatre - two stages: 6th floor theatre and the Annex, at 414 Mason Street
PianoFight - 144 Taylor Street
Presidio Theatre - 99 Moraga Avenue
Project Artaud - arts complex and community in the Mission District; includes the following theatres:
Joe Goode Annex - performance space for the Joe Goode Performance Group; 401 Alabama Street
NOHSpace - host of Theatre of Yugen, 2840 Mariposa Street
Z Space - home of the theatre company of the same name, with a main stage and the smaller Z Below theater; 450 Florida Street
Punch Line - comedy club at 444 Battery Street
Regency Center - major concert venue at 1290 Sutter Street
Royce Gallery - historic warehouse performance venue at 2901 Mariposa Street in the Mission
Ruby Skye - nightclub and special events venue, formerly the Stage Door Theatre; 420 Mason Street in the Tenderloin
SAFEhouseARTS - dance and theater venue at 1 Grove
San Francisco Conservatory of Music - includes three performance halls (Concert Hall, Recital Hall, and Osher Salon), at 50 Oak Street (Civic Center)
San Francisco Jazz Center - new jazz center at 201 Franklin Street
San Francisco Mime Troupe - traveling theater company that performs political musicals
San Francisco Playhouse - 199-seat non-profit theater at 450 Post Street in Union Square
San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center - complex of large performance spaces in the Civic Center area on Van Ness Avenue which includes the following venues:
Herbst Theatre - 401 Van Ness in the San Francisco Civic Center
Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall - 201 Van Ness - home of the San Francisco Symphony
War Memorial Opera House - 301 Van Ness, across from City Hall - home of the San Francisco Opera and San Francisco Ballet
South of Market Cultural Center - includes performance space, managed by SOMArts; 934 Brannan Street
Stage Werx Theatre - 446 Valencia Street Mission District theatre hosts love performances, comedy, solo performance, music, and movies
Strand Theatre - new venue opened in 2015 owned by American Conservatory Theater; originally opened in 1917 and shuttered in 2003; across from UN Plaza
Supperclub - 657 Harrison Street
Teatro ZinZanni - cirque, comedy, and cabaret theater, currently without a venue, but seeking to return to the San Francisco waterfront
Theatre 39 at Pier 39 - Beach Street at Embarcadero
Theatre Makers - traveling theater company that performs plays and musicals with social, political, economic, and environmental change (SPEEC) themes
Tides Theatre - 99-seat theater at 533 Sutter Street, 2nd Floor, Union Square
TLF-theatre of Lycée Français of San Francisco - 325-seat theater at 1201 ortega street, Sunset
Un-Scripted Theater Company - 49-seat improv theater at 533 Sutter Street, 2nd floor, Union Square
Variety Preview Room Theatre - located in the Hobart building, 582 Market Street
Venetian Room at the Fairmont San Francisco - home of Bay Area Cabaret performances, and the venue where Tony Bennett first sang his signature song, "I Left My Heart in San Francisco"
Victoria Theatre- Mission District theater that presents locally produced original plays, live concerts, film festivals, musicals, performances by international performing companies and other kinds of events
Viracocha - formerly underground performance venue, now a licensed venue, at 998 Valencia Street in the Mission
Walt Disney Family Museum Theater - Presidio Main Post
The Warfield - large historic music venue at 982 Market Street
Yerba Buena Center for the Arts - includes the Novelius/YBCA Theatre; 701 Mission Street
Yoshi's San Francisco - jazz club at 1330 Fillmore Street
Former theatres
Grand Opera House (San Francisco)
Theatre gallery
See also
Theatre Bay Area
Theater District (San Francisco, California)
Bay Area performing arts spaces
References
External links
01
Theatres
Theatres San Francisco
San Francisco
Culture of San Francisco | [
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13330775 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downbound%20Train | Downbound Train | "Downbound Train" is a song that appears on the 1984 Bruce Springsteen album Born in the U.S.A. The song is a lament to a lost spouse, and takes on a melancholy tone. Author Christopher Sandford described the song as beginning "like a Keith Richards' riff" that ultimately moves to "one of those great country busted-heart lines, 'Now I work down at the car wash/where all it ever does is rain.'"
The song was recorded on May 6, 1982 at the Power Station at the end of the "Electric Nebraska" sessions. Like several other Born in the U.S.A. songs, including "Working on the Highway" and the title track, a solo acoustic version of "Downbound Train" was originally recorded on the demo that eventually became the Nebraska album. "Downbound Train" is one of the few tracks that was successfully recorded at the "Electric Nebraska" sessions.
Though it was not one of the seven singles released from the album, the song nevertheless gained some album-oriented rock radio airplay and was featured fairly regularly on the Born in the U.S.A. Tour. It has been performed sporadically in tours since. Overall, the song has been played in concert about 130 times through 2008.
Reception
Author Robert Kirkpatrick contended that "Downbound Train" "might be the best song on the album", and Debby Bull called it "the saddest song [Springsteen]'s ever written." Springsteen biographer Dave Marsh, writing in Glory Days, did not agree, calling "Downbound Train" "the weakest song [Springsteen]'s released since the second album, ... incredibly sloppy ... The protagonist's three jobs in five verses are only symptomatic of its problems." Other observers analysed it in retrospect as a harbinger, with naturalistic imagery lacing the song throughout in an approach that Springsteen would return to heavily in his Dylan-"Series of Dreams"-influenced early 1990s.
Cover versions
The Smithereens contributed a cover of "Downbound Train" to the 1997 album, One Step Up / Two Steps Back – The Songs of Bruce Springsteen.
Kurt Vile included a cover of "Downbound Train" on his EP, So Outta Reach.
Badlands: A Tribute to Bruce Springsteen's Nebraska included a cover of "Downbound Train" by Raul Malo.
See also
List of train songs
References
External links
Lyrics & Audio clips from Brucespringsteen.net
1984 songs
Bruce Springsteen songs
Songs written by Bruce Springsteen
Songs about trains
Song recordings produced by Jon Landau
Song recordings produced by Bruce Springsteen
Song recordings produced by Steven Van Zandt
Song recordings produced by Chuck Plotkin | [
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47449487 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University%20of%20Illinois%20Urbana-Champaign%20University%20Library | University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign University Library | The University Library at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign is the network of libraries, including both physical and virtual library spaces, which serves the University's students, faculty, and staff, as well as scholars and researchers worldwide. The University Library continues to evolve to serve the needs of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign campus.
History of the University Library
The University Library came into being before the University with which it is affiliated, as the University board considered it essential that students and faculty would have books waiting to greet them when the University opened its doors. However, this earliest collection was very small and did not yet have its own library building. As a result, the University Library has moved as it has grown throughout its history, a trend that continues to this day. While its collections had previously resided elsewhere, Altgeld Hall (at the time known as Library Hall) was the first building built specifically to house the University's library. Today, Altgeld Hall is home to the University's Math Department; the University Library moved in the 1920s to what is now called the Main Library.
Growing collections
The earliest Library collection consisted of around one thousand items. The collection remained small for some time, and in the early 1900s the Library was smaller than those of other large public libraries, as well as private institutions such as the University of Chicago. This would, however, quickly change. The Library underwent a period of tremendous growth from the mid-1930s until 1940, becoming, by some measures, the country's fifth-largest library. A strong library collection became increasingly important to the University's standing and to its retention of students, as well as to the implementation of a successful graduate school program at the University.
The Undergraduate Library (UGL) emerged in part from the surge in collections, deriving both from the influx of the shuttered University of Illinois at Galesburg's collection in 1949 and from the need to grant undergraduates free access to research materials. The Undergraduate Library building was constructed in 1969, built underground in order to maintain open spaces and leave unobstructed sun for the University's experimental cornfield.
The Oak Street High Density Storage facility also grew out of the surge in collections. The facility, which opened in 2004, provides a "climate-controlled" environment for the integrity of the materials housed therein, and is kept around "50° Fahrenheit and 30% humidity."
University librarians
Early board members' concern for the University Library did not extend beyond purchasing books for student and faculty use: the Library lacked a librarian, and for more than twenty years, between 1873 and 1894, faculty members assumed the management of the small collection. Percy Bicknell, hired in 1894 as the first University Librarian, strove to bring the University Library into line with its counterparts throughout the country, beginning the University Library's tradition of Dewey cataloging as well as creating the Library's first card catalog.
Bicknell was let go in 1897, replaced by the progressive and reference-minded Katharine Sharp. Sharp, who took up the reins as the Library moved into Altgeld Hall, left a lasting mark both on the University Library and the University as a whole. Along with her work in the University Library, Sharp brought the Graduate School of Library and Information Science to the University. At the time, it was the only library science school in the Midwest, and one of only four in the nation.
University Librarians following Bicknell and Sharp have continued the Library's innovative traditions. They have also fought for patrons' right to privacy according to the American Library Association's code of ethics and its Library Bill of Rights. Paula Kaufman, University Librarian from 1999–2003, received several awards for her work protecting intellectual freedom and patron privacy, including the Robert B. Downs Intellectual Freedom Award and an award from the American Library Association's Office of Intellectual Freedom.
Online catalog
University librarians have also been instrumental in the creation of today's online card catalogs. The University Library's first foray into automation of library services came in 1974, with the use of OCLC workstations for the cataloging of monographs at the library. In short order the technology was put to use cataloging serials, which was seen as a step on the way to the creation of a fully computerized, web-based card catalog. Hugh Atkinson, University Librarian from 1976 to 1986, made the enhancement and creation of automated catalogs and cataloging one of his and the Library's priorities during his tenure. Atkinson, who brought experience with library technology to the University Library, oversaw the implementation of MARC standards, or Machine-Readable Cataloging. Atkinson's dream of a fully automated library began to bear fruit in the late 1970s and early 1980s, as University Library patrons were for the first time able to request books on library computers.
Atkinson's 1986 death brought with it a shift towards other facets of library automation. Nonetheless, innovation continued in the Library. When it opened in 1994, Grainger Engineering Library Information Center was "the first of the Urbana campus libraries to have both public and staff PC workstations that were connected to the internet." For a time, Grainger's web servers ran the University Library's website. In the early 1990s librarians at the University, including current Grainger head librarian William Mischo, worked to give patrons access to full-text article searching and implemented an early federated search.
Collections
The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library is one of the largest public academic libraries in the United States, "more than thirteen million volumes and 24 million items and materials in all formats, languages, and subjects, including 9 million microforms, 120,000 serials, 148,000 audio-recordings, over 930,000 audiovisual materials, over 280,000 electronic books, 12,000 films, and 650,000 maps." Beyond print books, the University Library's collections include DVDs, video games, and comic books. In fact, the University Library now has what is likely "the largest collection of Indian comics in North America," many of them written in Hindi and other Indian languages. The Library also owns two copies of a brick from Abraham Lincoln's home, both by mason Harry C. Jorgensen (they are non-circulating but can be viewed at the library). Other items in the collection include e-books, microform, government documents, electronic and print academic and scientific journals, audio books, and loanable technology, including laptops, multimedia equipment, and graphing calculators.
The Library Office of Collections honors faculty who are newly tenured or promoted by allowing them to select a book for the Library collections. Bookplates in honor of the faculty or staff member are affixed to a chosen book, and the member's discussion of their choice is printed and made available to the general public on the Library's website.
All Library affiliates, including faculty, staff, and students, can recommend that an item be purchased for the Library collection at any time.
I-Share and Interlibrary loan
The University Library is part of the Consortium of Academic and Research Libraries in Illinois, or CARLI. CARLI manages the shared catalog I-Share with 138 members, or more than 94% of the academic libraries in the state. I-Share libraries are able to share books, DVDs, print journals, and other collections with each other. The University Library is the largest single library in the CARLI/I-SHARE system, and as such, its collections are the backbone of the wider I-SHARE collections.
Additionally, the Library participates in WorldCat. WorldCat, OCLC's international database linking library collections throughout the world, allows patrons at the University Library and beyond to access the materials they need for their research, whether from their own library or another.
IDEALS
The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship, known as IDEALS, is the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's institutional repository. Since 2010, Master's theses and Ph.D. dissertations completed at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have been deposited in IDEALS. Scholars may decide to whom, and how soon, their works should be available. They may choose to make their dissertations or theses available to the general public or restrict them to University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign affiliates. Additionally, they may choose to restrict their work entirely, ensuring that for a period of two years after graduation it will remain embargoed. In addition to dissertations and theses, IDEALS contains research by many of the scholars and departments at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, much of which is freely available to the general public.
Special collections
Illinois has a Rare Book & Manuscript Library (RBML). The Rare Book & Manuscript Library gained the Gwendolyn Brooks archives in 2014, as the poet's daughter appreciated RBML's work with young people of Illinois. RBML also holds the Carl Sandburg archives, and in 2013 librarians with RBML have discovered previously unknown poems among the poet's papers. Additionally, the Rare Books & Manuscript Library holds personal archives of French novelist Marcel Proust; English writers John Milton, H.G. Wells, and Anthony Trollope; English politician Benjamin Disraeli; and Olympian and former president of the International Olympic Committee, Avery Brundage.
The University Library's Illinois History and Lincoln Collection preserves and makes available a large collection of documents and publications pertaining both to the sixteenth president of the United States and to the history of the state of Illinois. Among other famed collections, the University Library contains strong Slavic and Eastern European collections, as well as strong collections in subjects as diverse as music, literature, history, maps, sciences, and serials. In this context, the term "serial" includes periodicals such as journals, magazines, and newspapers, as well as yearbooks.
The University Archives preserves and collects records, publications, correspondence, and personal papers from or about the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign community. Items collected range from yearbooks, called "Illios," to fraternity documents to newspapers covering University sports, new initiatives, and even world wars. The Archives curates and organizes both physical and digital collections. The University of Illinois Archives is also the repository for the American Library Association's archives. It includes the Student Life and Culture Archives, which, since its foundation in 1989, has focused on preserving documents related to its titular student life and culture on the campus. The Sousa Archives and Center for American Music, in the Harding Band Building, holds many of American composer and bandleader John Philip Sousa's personal and professional archives. The Sousa Archives is also the home of Herbert L. Clarke's archives, as well as those of the late classical composer Salvatore Martirano, including manuscripts, scholarly work, letters and personal communication, and more. In addition to its more well-known collections, the Sousa Archives actively works to patronize and preserve regional performing arts through its Urbana-Champaign Local Music Preservation Initiative, a local music collection at the archive, and exhibits highlighting local music and musicians.
Digital collections
The University Library is involved with several digitization projects. The History, Philosophy, and Newspaper Library's Illinois Digital Newspaper Project, begun in 2005, has made digitized versions of nearly 50 different newspapers available online. The project is ongoing, and the University Library hopes to digitize considerably more of its large newspaper collection. Similarly, the University's famed emblem book collection has begun to be digitized, with many emblems now available for perusal on an open-access website hosted by the University Library.
The University Library is committed to increasing access to its public domain works, and as such is currently working with Google Books; the Committee on Institutional Cooperation and Google; and the Open Content Alliance and its partners HathiTrust, Internet Archive, and Illinois Harvest.
Services
The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Library offers a variety of services for its affiliates and community members.
Research assistance
The University Library serves researchers of all levels. They can assist with finding information and scholarship across disciplines through reference and instructional services.
Ask-A-Librarian
Ask-A-Librarian is the Library's instant messaging reference service. Illinois faculty, staff, and students can chat with a librarian for extended hours and get their questions answered from wherever they are. The service is often open the same hours as the information desk or for additional night and weekend hours after the information desk closes. Chat boxes are conveniently located on most Library webpages and vendor databases pages. Research assistance is also available via text messaging and phone.
Subject liaisons
Subject librarians are available to provide expert assistance to all departments and colleges on campus. The department's subject librarian, who often has an additional degree or significant training in that department's subject area, is available to help affiliated faculty, staff, and students with library research. They also create webpages and other guides to help students taking courses in their subject area. Instructors can request that their subject librarian come to their class for a library instruction session.
Data assistance
Under White House and Office of Science and Technology Policy mandate, several grant funding agencies and organizations now require all applicants to submit a data management plan in order to receive funding. The University Library provides services to help researchers save, find, use, retrieve, analyze, and visualize their data.
Research data service
The Library's Research Data Service (RDS) is a partnership between the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research, the Provost, the Library, GSLIS, CITES, and NCSA. RDS offers researchers information on data management plans (DMPs) for different agencies as well as tips and tricks for effectively organizing and sharing data with co-researchers. Illinois affiliates can set up consultations with a data specialist for more information.
Scholarly commons
Located on the third floor of the Main Library, the Scholarly Commons is a hub for digital and data-based research. The space includes software packages and hardware for data visualization, manipulation, and analysis, including ArcGIS, R, and Atlas.ti. In addition to tools, many experts staff the Scholarly Commons. These experts have experience and knowledge in digitization, metadata creation and schemas, copyright law, statistical analysis, database design, and digital humanities. All experts are available to provide consultation to Illinois affiliates needing assistance in their area. Additionally, Scholarly Commons staff manage IDEALS, the Library's university repository and host events on a variety of topics, including altmetrics and the non-academic job search.
Data management series
The University Library offers multiple workshop sessions on data management. These sessions cover file naming, metadata, sharing, storage and permanence. All workshops are supplemented with a guide on data management best practices.
Instructional services
The University Library offers numerous forms of instruction to its affiliates.
Subject librarian instruction
Because every academic unit on the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign campus has an affiliated subject librarian, instructors from that area can request their subject librarian teach sessions on library searching, resource evaluation, data management, and information literacy. The Undergraduate Library also offers instructional sessions for Rhetoric, ESL, and Communication classes.
Savvy Researcher workshops
Savvy Researcher workshops are open to all Illinois affiliates. These 50-minute sessions cover a range of topics, all of which help affiliates do advanced research, searching, evaluation, and data analysis. Workshops help students, faculty, and staff navigate the full research life cycle, from the literature review to citation management. A sample of workshop titles include "The Literature Review Demystified," "Google for Scholars," "Finding Grants to Support Your Research," and "Improve Your Research Strategies".
Learn pages
The Library has specific pages devoted to learning how to use library resources. These web pages, entitled "learn", teach affiliates and community members about library resources, software, and information and citation management practices.
Tours and orientations
There are several options for those hoping to tour the Main Library space. Tours are offered at the beginning of every Fall and Spring semester. These are open to all affiliates, especially incoming students hoping to know more about library services.
Tours are also available for any Illinois group on request. Any Illinois affiliate can also contact the information desk to receive a personal tour of the Main Library space. The library offers virtual tours with extended explanations and pictures of each departmental library.
The Library also participates in many campus and departmental orientations. Any student can access Library orientation information from the Library's informational guide.
Outreach and events
The University Library often holds events on topics relating to Library collections, services, and patron interests. For example, the Rare Book & Manuscript Library often curates displays and holds events when they procure new collections. They also hold yearly events celebrating important anniversaries, including Shakespeare's birthday, publicized through their newsletter.
Other departmental libraries, including the International and Area Studies Library (IAS) and the University Archives regularly offers events open to the community. All Library events and announcements are announced on the calendar.
Courtesy borrowing card
Because Illinois is a public, land-grant institution, any resident of the state of Illinois with a photo ID can request a borrowing card. Proof of Illinois address is needed before a card can be issued. Courtesy borrowing cards are accepted at all departmental libraries within the Illinois system. They are valid for one year.
Courtesy cards do not make community members eligible for services like Interlibrary loan or I-Share borrowing services. Additionally, library staff can retrieve items from the Main Stacks for any community member; however, community members will not be granted access to the stacks.
Additionally, anyone with a library card from a library with CARLI membership can check out books from any Illinois departmental library. They will simply check the books out under their home institution's record. Likewise, anyone from a library within the Big Ten Academic Alliance (formerly Committee on Institutional Cooperation-CIC) can borrow materials from the University by using the library card issued to them from their home institution. Illinois' library has a borrowing agreement with both of these organizations.
Libraries
The University Library consists of numerous departmental and special libraries, including both virtual and physical spaces.
Departmental libraries
ACES (Funk) Library
Architecture and Art (Ricker) Library
Center for Children's Books
Chemistry Library
Classics Library
Communications Library
Engineering (Grainger) Library
Health Sciences Library
History, Philosophy, and Newspaper Library
Illinois Fire Service Institute Library
Illinois History and Lincoln Collections
International and Area Studies Library
Law Library
Literatures and Languages Library
Map Library
Mathematics Library
Music and Performing Arts Library
Prairie Research Institute Library
Rare Book and Manuscript Library
Scholarly Commons
Social Sciences, Health, and Education Library
Sousa Archives & Ctr. For American Music
Student Life and Culture Archives / Archives Research Center
Undergraduate Library
University Archives
Veterinary Medicine Library
Virtual libraries
Biology Virtual Library
Business Information Services (BIS)
Geology Virtual Library
Government Information Services
International Reference
LIS Virtual Library
Physics & Astronomy Virtual Library
Future directions
Strategic planning
As of Summer 2015, the University Library is currently constructing a strategic plan for the next several years. The plan, which hopes to closely align to the greater University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign campus plan, looks closely at library impact in teaching and learning, research, and the greater state and national library ecosystem. The Strategic Planning Steering Team (STSP) is the leading committee for this effort and updates the community regularly.
References
External links
IDEALS (University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Institutional repository)
Undergraduate Library (University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign)
University Library
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
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65639408 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifold%20injection | Manifold injection | Manifold injection is a mixture formation system for internal combustion engines with external mixture formation. It is commonly used in engines with spark ignition that use petrol as fuel, such as the Otto engine, and the Wankel engine. In a manifold-injected engine, the fuel is injected into the intake manifold, where it begins forming a combustible air-fuel mixture with the air. As soon as the intake valve opens, the piston starts sucking in the still forming mixture. Usually, this mixture is relatively homogeneous, and, at least in production engines for passenger cars, approximately stoichiometric; this means that there is an even distribution of fuel and air across the combustion chamber, and enough, but not more air present than what is required for the fuel's complete combustion. The injection timing and measuring of the fuel amount can be controlled either mechanically (by a fuel distributor), or electronically (by an engine control unit). Since the 1970s and 1980s, manifold injection has been replacing carburettors in passenger cars. However, since the late 1990s, car manufacturers have started using petrol direct injection, which caused a decline in manifold injection installation in newly produced cars.
There are two different types of manifold injection:
the multi-point injection (MPI) system, also known as port injection, or dry manifold system
and the single-point injection (SPI) system, also known as throttle-body injection (TBI), central fuel injection (CFI), electronic gasoline injection (EGI), and wet manifold system
In this article, the terms multi-point injection (MPI), and single-point injection (SPI) are used. In an MPI system, there is one fuel injector per cylinder, installed very close to the intake valve(s). In an SPI system, there is only a single fuel injector, usually installed right behind the throttle valve. Modern manifold injection systems are usually MPI systems; SPI systems are now considered obsolete.
Description
In a manifold injected engine, the fuel is injected with relatively low pressure (70...1470 kPa) into the intake manifold to form a fine fuel vapour. This vapour can then form a combustible mixture with the air, and the mixture is sucked into the cylinder by the piston during the intake stroke. Otto engines use a technique called quantity control for setting the desired engine torque, which means that the amount of mixture sucked into the engine determines the amount of torque produced. For controlling the amount of mixture, a throttle valve is used, which is why quantity control is also called intake air throttling. Intake air throttling changes the amount of air sucked into the engine, which means that if a stoichiometric () air-fuel mixture is desired, the amount of injected fuel has to be changed along with the intake air throttling. To do so, manifold injection systems have at least one way to measure the amount of air that is currently being sucked into the engine. In mechanically controlled systems with a fuel distributor, a vacuum-driven piston directly connected to the control rack is used, whereas electronically controlled manifold injection systems typically use an airflow sensor, and a lambda sensor. Only electronically controlled systems can form the stoichiometric air-fuel mixture precisely enough for a three-way catalyst to work sufficiently, which is why mechanically controlled manifold injection systems such as the Bosch K-Jetronic are now considered obsolete.
Main types
Single-point injection
As the name implies, a single-point injected (SPI) engine only has a single fuel injector. It is usually installed right behind the throttle valve in the throttle body. Therefore, single-point injected engines bear very close resemblance to carburetted engines, often having the exact same intake manifolds as their carburetted counterparts. Single-point injection has been a known technology since the 1960s, but has long been considered inferior to carburettors, because it requires an injection pump, and is thus more complicated. Only with the availability of inexpensive digital engine control units (ECUs) in the 1980s, single-point injection became a reasonable option for passenger cars. Usually, intermittently injecting, low injection pressure (70...100 kPa) systems were used that allowed the use of low-cost electric fuel injection pumps. A very common single-point injection system used in many passenger cars is the Bosch Mono-Jetronic, which German motor journalist Olaf von Fersen considers a "combination of fuel injection and carburettor". Single-point injection systems helped car manufacturers to easily upgrade their carburetted engines with a simple and inexpensive fuel injection system. However, single-point injection does not allow forming very precise mixtures required for modern emission regulations, and is thus deemed an obsolete technology in passenger cars.
Multi-point injection
In a multi-point injected engine, every cylinder has its own fuel injector, and the fuel injectors are usually installed in close proximity to the intake valve(s). Thus, the injectors inject the fuel through the open intake valve into the cylinder, which should not be confused with direct injection. Certain multi-point injection systems also use tubes with poppet valves fed by a central injector instead of individual injectors. Typically though, a multi-point injected engine has one fuel injector per cylinder, an electric fuel pump, a fuel distributor, an airflow sensor, and, in modern engines, an engine control unit. The temperatures near the intake valve(s) are rather high, the intake stroke causes intake air swirl, and there is much time for the air-fuel mixture to form. Therefore, the fuel does not require much atomisation. The atomisation quality is relative to the injection pressure, which means that a relatively low injection pressure (compared with direct injection) is sufficient for multi-point injected engines. A low injection pressure results in a low relative air-fuel velocity, which causes large, and slowly vapourising fuel droplets. Therefore, the injection timing has to be precise if unburnt fuel (and thus high HC emissions) are undesired. Because of this, continuously injecting systems such as the Bosch K-Jetronic are obsolete. Modern multi-point injection systems use electronically controlled intermittent injection instead.
Injection controlling mechanism
In manifold injected engines, there are three main methods of metering the fuel, and controlling the injection timing.
Mechanical controlling
In early manifold injected engines with fully mechanical injection systems, a gear-, chain- or belt-driven injection pump with a mechanic "analogue" engine map was used. This allowed injecting fuel intermittently, and relatively precisely. Typically, such injection pumps have a three-dimensional cam that depicts the engine map. Depending on the throttle position, the three-dimensional cam is moved axially on its shaft. A roller-type pick-up mechanism that is directly connected to the injection pump control rack rides on the three-dimensional cam. Depending upon the three-dimensional cam's position, it pushes in or out the camshaft-actuated injection pump plungers, which controls both the amount of injected fuel, and the injection timing. The injection plungers both create the injection pressure, and act as the fuel distributors. Usually, there is an additional adjustment rod that is connected to a barometric cell, and a cooling water thermometer, so that the fuel mass can be corrected according to air pressure, and water temperature. Kugelfischer injection systems also have a mechanical centrifugal crankshaft speed sensor. Multi-point injected systems with mechanical controlling were used until the 1970s.
No injection-timing controlling
In systems without injection-timing controlling, the fuel is injected continuously, thus, no injection timing is required. The biggest disadvantage of such systems is that the fuel is also injected when the intake valves are closed, but such systems are much simpler and less expensive than mechanical injection systems with engine maps on three-dimensional cams. Only the amount of injected fuel has to be determined, which can be done very easily with a rather simple fuel distributor that is controlled by an intake manifold vacuum-driven airflow sensor. The fuel distributor does not have to create any injection pressure, because the fuel pump already provides pressure sufficient for injection (up to 500 kPa). Therefore, such systems are called "unpowered", and do not need to be driven by a chain or belt, unlike systems with mechanical injection pumps. Also, an engine control unit is not required. "Unpowered" multi-point injection systems without injection-timing controlling such as the Bosch K-Jetronic were used from the mid-1970s until the early 1990s in passenger cars.
Electronic control unit
Engines with manifold injection, and an electronic engine control unit are often referred to as engines with electronic fuel injection (EFI). Typically, EFI engines have an engine map built into discrete electronic components, such as read-only memory. This is both more reliable and more precise than a three-dimensional cam. The engine control circuitry uses the engine map, as well as airflow, throttle valve, crankshaft speed, and intake air temperature sensor data to determine both the amount of injected fuel, and the injection timing. Usually, such systems have a single, pressurised fuel rail, and injection valves that open according to an electric signal sent from the engine control circuitry. The circuitry can either be fully analogue, or digital. Analogue systems such as the Bendix Electrojector were niche systems, and used from the late 1950s until the early 1970s; digital circuitry became available in the late 1970s, and has been used in electronic engine control systems since. One of the first widespread digital engine control units was the Bosch Motronic.
Air mass determination
In order to mix air and fuel correctly so a proper air-fuel mixture is formed, the injection control system needs to know how much air is sucked into the engine, so it can determine how much fuel has to be injected accordingly. In modern systems, an air-mass meter that is built into the throttle body meters the air mass, and sends a signal to the engine control unit, so it can calculate the correct fuel mass. Alternatively, a manifold vacuum sensor can be used. The manifold vacuum sensor signal, the throttle position, and the crankshaft speed can then be used by the engine control unit to calculate the correct amount of fuel. In modern engines, a combination of all these systems is used. Mechanical injection controlling systems as well as unpowered systems typically only have an intake manifold vacuum sensor (a membrane or a sensor plate) that is mechanically connected to the injection pump rack or fuel distributor.
Injection operation modes
Manifold injected engines can use either continuous or intermittent injection. In a continuously injecting system, the fuel is injected continuously, thus, there are no operating modes. In intermittently injecting systems however, there are usually four different operating modes.
Simultaneous injection
In a simultaneously intermittently injecting system, there is one single, fixed injection timing for all cylinders. Therefore, the injection timing is ideal only for some cylinders; there is always at least one cylinder that has its fuel injected against the closed intake valve(s). This causes fuel evaporation times that are different for each cylinder.
Group injection
Systems with intermittent group injection work similarly to the simultaneously injection systems mentioned earlier, except that they have two or more groups of simultaneously injecting fuel injectors. Typically, a group consists of two fuel injectors. In an engine with two groups of fuel injectors, there is an injection every half crankshaft rotation, so that at least in some areas of the engine map no fuel is injected against a closed intake valve. This is an improvement over a simultaneously injecting system. However, the fuel evaporation times are still different for each cylinder.
Sequential injection
In a sequentially injecting system, each fuel injector is a fixed, correctly set, injection timing that is in sync with the spark plug firing order, and the intake valve opening. This way, no more fuel is injected against closed intake valves.
Cylinder-specific injection
Cylinder-specific injection means that there are no limitations to the injection timing. The injection control system can set the injection timing for each cylinder individually, and there is no fixed synchronisation between each cylinder's injector. This allows the injection control unit to inject the fuel not only according to firing order, and intake valve opening intervals, but it also allows it to correct cylinder charge irregularities. This systems disadvantage is that it requires cylinder-specific air-mass determination, which makes it more complicated than a sequentially injecting system.
History
The first manifold injection system was designed by Johannes Spiel at Hallesche Maschinenfabrik. Deutz started series production of stationary four-stroke engines with manifold injection in 1898. Grade built the first two-stroke engine with manifold injection in 1906; the first manifold injected series production four-stroke aircraft engines were built by Wright and Antoinette the same year (Antoinette 8V). In 1912, Bosch equipped a watercraft engine with a makeshift injection pump built from an oil pump, but this system did not prove to be reliable. In the 1920s, they attempted to use a Diesel engine injection pump in a petrol-fuelled Otto engine. However, they were not successful. In 1930 Moto Guzzi built the first manifold injected Otto engine for motorcycles, which eventually was the first land vehicle engine with manifold injection. From the 1930s until the 1950s, manifold injections systems were not used in passenger cars, despite the fact that such systems existed. This was because the carburettor proved to be a simpler and less expensive, yet sufficient mixture formation system that did not need replacing yet.
In ca. 1950, Daimler-Benz started development of a petrol direct injection system for their Mercedes-Benz sports cars. For passenger cars however, a manifold injection system was deemed more feasible. Eventually, the Mercedes-Benz W 128, W 113, W 189, and W 112 passenger cars were equipped with manifold injected Otto engines.
From 1951 until 1956, FAG Kugelfischer Georg Schäfer & Co. developed the mechanical Kugelfischer injection system. It was used in many passenger cars, such as the Peugeot 404 (1962), Lancia Flavia iniezione (1965), BMW E10 (1969), Ford Capri RS 2600 (1970), BMW E12 (1973), BMW E20 (1973), and the BMW E26 (1978).
In 1957, Bendix Corporation presented the Bendix Electrojector, one of the first electronically controlled manifold injection systems. Bosch built this system under licence, and marketed it from 1967 as the Bosch D-Jetronic. In 1973, Bosch introduced their first self-developed multi-point injection systems, the electronic Bosch L-Jetronic, and the mechanical, unpowered Bosch K-Jetronic. Their fully digital system Bosch Motronic was introduced in 1979. It found widespread use in German luxury saloons. At the same time, most American car manufacturers stuck to electronic single-point injection systems. In the mid-1980s, Bosch upgraded their non-Motronic multi-point injection systems with digital engine control units, creating the KE-Jetronic, and the LH-Jetronic. Volkswagen developed the digital Volkswagen Digijet injection system, which evolved into the Volkswagen Digifant system in 1985.
Cheap single-point injection systems that worked with either two-way or three-way catalyst converters, such as the Bosch Mono-Jetronic introduced in 1987, enabled car manufacturers to economically offer an alternative to carburettors even in their economy cars, which helped the extensive spread of manifold injection systems across all passenger car market segments during the 1990s. In 1995, Mitsubishi introduced the first petrol direct injection Otto engine for passenger cars, and the petrol direct injection has been replacing the manifold injection since, but not across all market segments; several newly produced passenger car engines still use multi-point injection.
References
Engine components
Fuel injection systems | [
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] |
48067521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boy%20%26%20a%20Girl%20Thing | Boy & a Girl Thing | "Boy & a Girl Thing" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Mo Pitney. It was released to radio on August 31, 2015 as the second single from his debut studio album, Behind This Guitar. The song was written by Pitney and Don Sampson and features Morgane Stapleton singing background vocals.
Critical reception
Taste of Country reviewed the single favorably, saying that "During “Boy & a Girl Thing,” Mo Pitney continues to recall a country generation most think has passed on. He does it effortlessly, with just a few chords, an honest sound and a smile as big as his home state of Illinois." Liz Austin of For The Country Record also favorably reviewed the song, saying that "This is a really sweet song that paints a very real picture of what goes down in the relationship between girls and boys. Pitney pulls this song off like a pro, making it both enjoyable and believable. The soft production and Pitney’s smooth, sweet vocals really enhance the song. I’m certainly looking forward to hearing more from Pitney and hope to see his career succeed! We need more artists like Mo, stone cold country."
Music video
The music video was directed by Wes Edwards and premiered in November 2015.
Chart performance
References
2015 songs
Mo Pitney songs
2015 singles
Curb Records singles
Songs written by Don Sampson
Music videos directed by Wes Edwards | [
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30875541 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukit%20Bintang%20Boys%27%20Secondary%20School | Bukit Bintang Boys' Secondary School | Bukit Bintang Boys Secondary School (; abbreviated SMKLBB or BBBSS) was established in 1958, making it one of the oldest secondary boys school in the city of Petaling Jaya
The school only holds one school session. The morning session is for Form 1 to Form 5 students. This is so to accommodate the large number of students attending the school. The pupils are known as "BBians". It welcomes students from all races and religions.
History
The school was founded by Miss Mary Glasgow, who was the headmistress of Bukit Bintang Girls' School (BBGS)
The municipal council, Majlis Perbandaran Petaling Jaya (MPPJ) (now named Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya, MBPJ); allocated a piece of land to Glasgow for building a school for the community. Although the land was available, no money was provided to build it. Glasgow and the Bukit Bintang Girls' School students swung into action; raising money by holding fun fairs, food fairs and plays. Within a short time, the girls had raised enough to build the boys' school. Miss Yeoh Kim Eng (a retired teacher of BBGS) recounted the time when BBGS teachers and students, armed with buckets and bins, came to the newly built boys' school to wash and clean the building.
At its establishment, The Malay Mail, a local daily, called it the brother school of Bukit Bintang Girls' School. After deliberation with teachers and advisers to name the new school, Glasgow named it Bukit Bintang Boys' Secondary School in connection to the girls' school Glasgow founded.
As a young nation in 1957-58, the Malaysian government welcomed help from all quarters to build schools and to give its citizens an education. Christian missionaries such as Glasgow opened "Christian" schools in the early 1960s, usually in the rural areas. They either bought land or were granted land in outskirt areas (often rural, undeveloped areas) and were left to their own ingenuity to develop and build their schools. Although the schools were started by missionaries, the curriculum was based on government guidelines and was usually non-religious, although Bible studies were encouraged. Initially, classes were taught in English but has since changed to Bahasa Melayu in line with the government directives. Since 2003, Science and Mathematics are taught in English.
The school's first Principal (known as the Headmaster) was Mr. Alastair L. McGregor (now Doctor) from Scotland. He served the school from 1958 to 1966. He was only a young man of 28 when he accepted the challenge to run a school halfway round the world from his home in Scotland, United Kingdom.
In 1961, the secondary school was moved to its current location in Jalan Utara, Petaling Jaya; and at that time, each form (Form 1 to 5) consisted of only one class. A year later in 1962 - the year when the first group of students sat for the Cambridge Examination, the school's opening ceremony took place and McGregor was appointed the first headmaster.
In 1976, a new science block was built at the cost of RM200,000.00. This block consists of three science laboratories and a lecture theatre. This block was named 'The Boler Block' in honour of Mr. David Boler, the headmaster at the time. Funds to build new wings were mostly raised by the students and teachers. Help was also given by certain Christian associations.
In 2006, Bukit Bintang Girls' School moved to a new location in Cheras and did not retain its original name; it is now known as SMK Seri Bintang Utara. The Pavilion shopping centre was built over the old location.
50th Anniversary
In 2008, the school celebrated its 50th anniversary (Golden Jubilee). Tan Sri Musa Hassan, Malaysia's Inspector-General of Police, a BB alumnus, was the guest of honour. A 50th anniversary T-shirt was released and sold by the school Co-operative.
School identity
The school motto is the Latin phrase: Nisi Dominus Frustra – 'Without God All is Vanity'; and is derived from Psalm 127:1.
Headteachers
Sir Alastair L. McGregor (1958–1965)
Mr. David Boler (1966–1978)
Mr. Oh Kong Lum (1979–1995)
Mdm. Ishah bt. Sulaiman (1996–2005)
Mdm. Quah Mooi Eng (2006–2011)
Mdm. Tong Ah Ten (2011-2013)
Mdm. Koh Sui Keng (2013–2017)
Mr. Parthipan a/l Subramaniam (2017-present)
The school badge
The second headmaster, Mr. David Boler (1966–1978) designed a new school badge when he replaced Mr. McGregor. The top left hand corner of the badge depicts hills which stands for 'Bukit' followed by the top right hand corner which shows a star which stands for 'Bintang', a Malay word meaning star. The bottom left hand corner indicates the national flower 'Bunga Raya' (Hibiscus) and thus represents 'Malaysia.'
The design of a roof above the letters 'PJ' means that the school is situated in Petaling Jaya. The shape that resembles a gear below the letters 'PJ' symbolises that Petaling Jaya is an industrialised area. Mr. Boler redesigned the school tie by adding the design of the school badge onto the plain olive green tie.
School magazine
The school magazine is "The Bintang". The magazine reports the school's activities for the year, club activities, official school functions, news about teachers and students.
Old Boys' Association
Some of the former students who had left BBBSS, referred to as “Ex-BBians”; have banded together in the group called the Old Boys' Association, or the OBA. They have registered the group in 2012 under the name of BBBSS Alumni Association.
Facilities
In 2007, the school Co-operative was formed, named "Koperasi Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Laki-laki Bukit Bintang Berhad". The original business centre was set up at the previous counselling room. In 2008, it was moved to the room behind the Canteen Area (earlier the Music Room). The shareholders of the Co-operative are students and teachers. The products sold are mostly stationery and books, but now have included buns and ice-cream. After the Government announced that free textbooks would be given to all students, the Co-operative took over the role of school bookshop.
In 2008, the road from the main gate to the squash complex was tarred. A new Computer Laboratory was made in the same year, with 30 computers that were donated by the public. The Computer Lab had earlier occupied the Auditorium, now occupy the room which was formerly the Snooker Room. A new Teacher's Cafe, a lounge for Teachers, was unveiled on Graduation Day in August 2009, in the presence of Madam Sharon Kang, the main sponsor. A new wall was built around the Squash Complex. Towards the end of the school year, with contributions from an ex-BBian, a gymnasium was installed in one of the Squash Complex classes.
In 2010, the old wiring system of the school was rewired and seven air-conditioners were installed in the Dewan McGregor. The stairs from the front of the Badminton Hall to the Canteen were upgraded, as were the stairs from the Canteen to the field.
In 2011, the auditorium was renovated, replacing the carpet flooring with newer flooring.
In 2013, the Dewan McGregor was renovated to fix its collapsing ceiling and to renovate the floor with new tiles. The girls' toilet was renovated, reducing the number of cubicles to make space for a new room. The area outside the Badminton Hall was renovated to fix the cracking pavements, and also to install new shades for the covered walkway. The school canteen was renovated to new floor and pillar tiles, and wooden seats were added to previously bare metal benches. The Squash Complex also was renovated in this year. The field and Kemahiran Hidup (KH) Labs are undergoing upgrading works.
Largest squash court complex in Petaling Jaya
In 1985, a project to construct a new canteen and a gymnasium cum squash courts was completed at a cost nearly half a million Ringgit. Students, teachers and parents raised funds over five years from 1981 to 1985. Fund-raising projects such as "Jog-a-thon", Canteen Day and School Fun Fair were conducted during the period. Upon its completion, it produced the largest squash court facilities in Petaling Jaya.
The old canteen was used as a temporary classroom to accommodate the increasing number of students but was eventually demolished. The new double storey block housed a hall upstairs and canteen downstairs. The new school hall also doubled as badminton courts. The batch of students sitting for their 1985 SPM examinations took their examinations in the new hall. Members of the public can rent the squash courts and the badminton hall for their private usage. The squash complex has played host to international tournaments, prominently the Milo All Stars Junior Squash Championship, in which it partners with the MBPJ Squash Complex.
Events
Yearly events
Every year there is an Annual General Meeting for the Parents-Teachers Association, called Mesyuarat Agung PIBG.
The Cross Country Run (Merentas Desa) is held early in the year.
The annual Sport Day is held at Stadium Kelana Jaya. Athletes compete in track races. Beforehand, there will be Sukantara and Saringan held for the Sport Houses to compete for points, in the school compounds and Astaka Field.
Academic Excellence Day (Hari Kecemerlangan) is held annually to praise students with notable achievements in academics. The "Piala Pusingan McGregor" given to one outstanding student.
Co-curricular Day (Hari Ko-Kurikulum) is held annually to praise students and athletes of the school who have made notable achievements and contributions to co-curricular activities.
The report card day is held at badminton hall twice a year. This day parents are invited by the school to hear from what teachers had to say about their children performance in their academic.
Other notable events
Hari Raya Open House, held in the school compound (at the front of the Boler Block in 2009, in the Dewan McGregor in 2010), celebrates the Hari Raya celebrations with all BBians invited.
Chinese New Year Open House was held in the Dewan McGregor since 2008, celebrating Chinese New Year, with Yee Sang every year. A line of BBians would form in front of Madam Quah, as she would be giving out Red Packets to students during the event.
Hari Keluarga, held in 2008, has a variety of guests, ranging from BBians to parents and other families. The school compound is turned into a bazaar selling items ranging from food and toys, to school caps and Polo T-shirts.
Jogathon 2010 was held on 17 July, with the mission of collecting funds to upgrade the school facilities. Students were given cards to record donations. Donations were not only in the form of money, but also as items such as coupons, hampers and branded goods. The fund collection was about RM57,000.
On 22 July 2011, Mdm. Quah Mooi Eng's retirement ceremony was held. Students and peers, including principals and education officers in Petaling district; attended the event to bid farewell to her.
Graduation Day (Hari Graduasi) was held for the first time in 2010, and then on 10 November 2011. In this event, the senior students, Form 5 and Upper 6; are celebrated for their years in the school, and students and teachers bid their farewells and express their thanks.
Notable alumni
Some notable ex- BBians include
Musa Hassan, Inspector-General of the Royal Malaysian Police (2006 to 2010)
Dr Yee Chee Seng, Consultant Rheumatologist at Doncaster and Bassetlaw NHS Trust, Doncaster, United Kingdom
Dr Richard Chua Kok Wah, Consultant Neurologist, Sunway Medical Centre and at the ANOC Neuroscience and Orthopaedic Centre, Malaysia
Dr Jason Leong, Malaysian comedian and former medical doctor
Chee Seng Ho, Head, Rewards and Performance Management, CIMB
Chye Pang Hsiang, Principal, Consulting Actuary, Milliman, Hong Kong
Lucien Young (formerly Lucien Yong), Commercial lawyer and Corporate legal counsel, Adelaide, Australia
Reshmonu, recording artist
Storm Mazlan, Musician, Director, Writer, Producer. Graduated class of 1995
Irfan Khairi, Malaysian internet millionaire.
Dhruva Murugasu, an ex-BBian; achieved 5As in Cambridge International A Level, and Top in the World (June 2009) in Further Mathematics.
Avinaash Subramaniam, an ex-BBian, was admitted into Harvard University; being the only Malaysian entering the class of 2014.
Emmett Roslan, an ex-BBian, founding member of Butterfingers was graduated from class of 1994.
Azlan Rudy Malik, an ex-BBian, founding member of Pop Shuvit was graduated from class of 1994.
Information
The school's annual Sports Day used to be held at "Padang Timur" (The East (Malay word: Timur) Field (Malay word: Padang)) as the school field is unable to accommodate the number of students and sporting events. Now it is held at the MBPJ Stadium, Kelana Jaya. In 2012, Sports Day was held within the school compound itself instead.
See also
List of schools in Selangor
References
External links
Official BBBSS Old Boys Association - Alumni association
School song - BB school song
Secondary schools in Selangor
Educational institutions established in 1958
1958 establishments in Malaya
Publicly funded schools in Malaysia
Boys' schools in Malaysia
Christian schools in Malaysia
Schools in Selangor | [
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2646488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burg | Burg | The German word Burg means castle. Burg or Bürg may refer to:
Places
Placename element
-burg, a combining form in Dutch, German and English placenames
Burg, a variant of burh, the fortified towns of Saxon England
Settlements
Burg, Aargau, Switzerland
Burg, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Germany
Burg, Bitburg-Prüm, Germany
Burg, Brandenburg, Germany
Burg, Dithmarschen, Germany
Burg auf Fehmarn, Germany
Burg bei Magdeburg, Germany
Burg im Leimental, Switzerland
Den Burg, Netherlands
The Burg, Illinois, United States
Burg, Hautes-Pyrénées, France
Burg, Kilninian and Kilmore, a place on the Isle of Mull, Argyll and Bute, Scotland
Melber, Kentucky, United States, also known as Burg
Other uses
Burg (surname) or Bürg
Bürg (crater)
Burg (ship, 2003), a car ferry operating on Switzerland's Lake Zurich
Burgs (fast-food chain)
See also
Burgh (disambiguation)
Borg (disambiguation)
Bourg (disambiguation)
Borough and -bury, common English variants of burg
Burgh, the common Scottish variant of burg
Burger (disambiguation)
Bürger
Burgher (disambiguation)
Berg (disambiguation), an unrelated placename (meaning "mountain" or "rock") frequently confused with burg
Burgk, a settlement in Germany | [
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38782464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989%20Pittsburgh%20Gladiators%20season | 1989 Pittsburgh Gladiators season | The Pittsburgh Gladiators season was the third season for the Arena Football League franchise.
Regular season
Schedule
Standings
y – clinched regular-season title
x – clinched playoff spot
Playoffs
Roster
Awards
References
External links
1989 Pittsburgh Gladiators season at arenafan.com
Pittsburgh Gladiators
Tampa Bay Storm seasons
Pittsburgh Gladiators | [
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19643859 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelan | Kelan | Kelan may refer to:
Kelan County, Shanxi Province, China
Kelan River, Xinjiang, China
Elisabeth Kelan, scholar on gender relations in organisations
Kolanı (disambiguation), several places in Azerbaijan
See also
Kellan, a given name
Kelen (disambiguation) | [
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21535610 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go%20with%20Me | Go with Me | Go with Me is a 2008 novel by American writer Castle Freeman Jr. It is Castle Freeman's third novel and it was first published by Steerforth Press in January 2008.
Plot summary
This short novel of only 160 pages is set in backwoods Vermont where the local villain, Blackway, is making life hellish for Lillian, a young woman from outside the area. Her boyfriend has fled the state in fear, and local law enforcement can do nothing to protect her. She resolves to stand her ground, and to fight back. Lillian enlists the powerful brute Nate and the wily old-timer Lester to take the fight to her tormenter whilst an eccentric Greek chorus of locals ponders her likely fate.
Inspiration
The novel was inspired by Thomas Malory's King Arthur Tales, specifically "The Tale of Sir Gareth of Orkney".
Reception
The Wall Street Journal called it "a novel with echoes of Deliverance and Cormac McCarthy," and goes on to praise the author for capturing "the feel of played-out Vermont towns and people, his dialogue has a terse, almost humorous, cadence."
People agreed, writing that "Freeman has a flawless ear for dialogue and a sharp eye for quirky detail."
O: The Oprah Magazine called it an "elegant little thriller about cunning versus cruelty...This is a meticulous New England miniature, with not a wasted word."
The Boston Globe called it "a gem that sparkles with sly insight and cuts like a knife."
Matthew Lewin of The Guardian wrote, "This unusual little gem of a book is part comic romp and part nail-biting thriller" and concluded that "Castle Freeman writes with both wit and a deep understanding of the human psyche, and he does not cheat us out of a dramatic climax."
Adaptation
The 2016 film Blackway is based on the book. The film was previously known as Go with Me and was released in some markets with that title.
References
External links
bookgroup.info: interview: Castle Freeman
A Chat with Castle Freeman, Jr
Interview: Castle Freeman, author of Go with Me
Editions
Steerforth Press (First Edition, Hardback, US, 2008)
Harper Perennial (Paperback, US, 2008)
Duckworth (Paperback, UK, 2008)
2008 American novels
Novels set in Vermont
American thriller novels
American novels adapted into films | [
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58935546 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1932%20Limerick%20Senior%20Hurling%20Championship | 1932 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship | The 1932 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 38th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.
Ahane were the defending champions.
Young Irelands won the championship after a 2-06 to 1-03 defeat of Newcastle West in the final. It was their seventh championship title overall and their first title in two years. It remains their last championship triumph.
References
Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
Limerick Senior Hurling Championship | [
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66705892 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota%20Softball | Minnesota Softball | Minnesota Softball is the statewide governing body of amateur softball in Minnesota and an affiliate of USA Softball. Since 1925, Minnesota Softball (formerly known as Minnesota State Diamond Ball Association and Minnesota Amateur Softball Association) has been providing volunteer services for the development and promotion of youth and adult softball in Minnesota.
It was not until 1952 that Minnesota officially joined the Amateur Softball Association (ASA) and Mr. Einar Nelson of the Minneapolis Park Board was named Commissioner. ASA has since rebranded to USA Softball on January 1, 2017 and is the national governing body of softball in the United States.
History
In 1918, William Ahern organized a City Amateur Kitten Ball association modelled on lines similar to those of the Minneapolis Amateur Baseball Association. The association was designed to include all kitten ball organizations of the city and will be composed of one representative from each league. William Ahern, who has played a prominent part in the organization of kitten ball teams both in Minneapolis and St. Paul, was elected president of the newly formed association. C.J. Hermstad was chosen vice president, with Bert Ekberg secretary-treasurer. A committee was also appointed to draw up a constitution and by-laws for the association, which will be passed upon at another meeting. The division of the leagues, size of bat and ball, and other details will be included in the articles, which will apply to all leagues. J.C. Batten and J. Poitras, make up this committee.
In 1920, new officers were elected for the season. Nick Kahler is president; William Ahern, vice president; Tom Hastings, secretary; Harold A. Johnson, treasurer.
In 1923, William Ahern was elected president of the Minneapolis Diamondball Association at the annual meeting of the organization last week. It marks the third year of service in that capacity.
In 1924, William Ahern was named Diamondball President. The Minneapolis Diamondball Association meeting was held and officers for the coming year were named. William Ahern has been elected president; C.A. Neavles, first vice president; Walter McDonald, second vice president; Conrad Thorpe, secretary; H.A. Johnson, treasurer.
In 1925, Harold A. Johnson was named Minnesota State Diamond Ball Commissioner. The Twin Cities Championship was not played this year as both city champions entered a statewide Diamondball Championship Tournament. Cook's of Duluth beat Hibbing 5 to 4 to win the Iron Range district. Then Bertch Furniture of Minneapolis beat Cook's 7-0. Greb Martonick had 17 strikeouts to win Northern States. Winona beat Faribault, then St. Francis Casinos of St. Paul beat Winona on Marty O'Connors no hitter to win Southern States. Bertch Furniture would win the championship series held between Parade and Dunning for the 1925 State Championship.
In 1926, the state diamondball championship was decided by tournament play again this year, according to announcement made today by H.A. Johnson of the park board and president of the state diamondball association. The tournament was held last year for the first time and it provided to be very successful and the state officials decided to hold the tourney again this year.
Organization
Commissioner
The Commissioner is the principal liaison between the local Minnesota association and the USA Softball National Office in Oklahoma City.
1925-1937 Harold A. Johnson (Minneapolis)
1938-1946 E.W. Johnson (St. Paul)
1947-1951 Einar Nelson (Coon Rapids)
1952-1958 Burton K. Storm (Richfield)
1959-1966 Ron Hurst (Bloomington)
1967-1977 Bob Kojetin (Edina)
1978-2010 Perry Coonce (South St. Paul)
2011–Present Dan Pfeffer (Maple Grove)
Districts
Minnesota is divided up into eight different districts.
District 1 consists of the following counties: Dodge, Fillmore, Freeborn, Goodhue, Houston, Mower, Olmstead, Rice, Steele, Wabasha, Winona.
District 2 consists of the following counties: Blue Earth, Brown, Cottonwood, Faribault, Jackson, Le Sueur, Lincoln, Lyon, Martin, Murray, Nicollet, Nobles, Pipestone, Redwood, Rock, Waseca, Watonwan.
District 3 consists of the following counties: Anoka, Dakota, Ramsey, Washington.
District 4 consists of the following counties: Hennepin. Minneapolis is its own USA Softball recognized metro association and is operated by Minneapolis Park and Recreation.
District 5 consists of the following counties: Carver, Scott, Wright.
District 6 consists of the following counties: Benton, Big Stone, Chippewa, Kandiyohi, Lac Qui Parle, McLeod, Meeker, Mille Lacs, Morrison, Pope, Renville, Sherburne, Sibley, Stearns, Stevens, Swift, Todd, Traverse, Yellow Medicine.
District 7 consists of the following counties: Aitkin, Carlton, Chisago, Cook, Crow Wing, Isanti, Itasca, Kanabec, Koochiching, Lake, Pine, St. Louis.
District 8 consists of the following counties: Becker, Beltrami, Cass, Clay, Clearwater, Douglas, Grant, Hubbard, Kittson, Lake of the Woods, Mahnomen, Marshall, Norman, Otter Tail, Pennington, Polk, Red Lake, Roseau, Wadena, Wilkin.
Championships
National championship teams from Minnesota
Notable players
Minnesotans named to national teams
Minnesotans coaching national teams
References
External links
Minnesota Softball Official Site
Minnesota Softball History History of Softball in Minnesota Site
1925 establishments in Minnesota
Softball organizations | [
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] |
35482219 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/We%20Love%20TV | We Love TV | We Love TV is a British game show that aired on ITV from 14 September 1984 to 16 August 1986 and is hosted by Gloria Hunniford.
External links
1980s British game shows
1984 British television series debuts
1986 British television series endings
London Weekend Television shows
English-language television shows
Television series by ITV Studios | [
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23531605 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacora%20River | Pacora River | The Pacora River is a river of Panama.
See also
List of rivers of Panama
References
Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.
CIA map, 1995.
Rivers of Panama | [
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21927740 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara%20Pit%20massacre | Barbara Pit massacre | The Barbara Pit massacre (, ), also known as the Huda Jama massacre, was the mass killing of prisoners of war of the Ante Pavelić's NDH Armed Forces and the Slovene Home Guard, as well as civilians, after the end of World War II in Yugoslavia in an abandoned coal mine near Huda Jama, Slovenia. More than a thousand prisoners of war and some civilians were executed by the Yugoslav Partisans during May and June 1945, following the Bleiburg repatriations by the British. The location of the massacre was then sealed with concrete barriers and discussion about it was forbidden.
The mass grave site, one of the largest in Slovenia, was first publicly discussed in 1990, after the fall of communism in Yugoslavia. A memorial chapel was raised near the entrance to the mine in 1997. Investigation of the Barbara Pit mine began in 2008. It took several months for workers to remove concrete walls built after the war to seal the cave. On 3 March 2009, investigators found 427 unidentified bodies at a ditch in the mine. Another 369 corpses were found on the first five meters of a nearby shaft. The Barbara Pit mine was subsequently visited by the Croatian and Slovenian political leadership to pay tribute to the victims. On 25 October 2017, the Slovenian government announced that the remains of 1,416 victims were exhumed from the site and reburied at the Dobrava memorial park near Maribor.
Background
During World War II, the Barbara Pit mine, a coal mine located south of the town of Celje, was used by the Germans for coal production. The mine was closed in May 1944.
With the collapse of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) in May 1945, its Armed Forces, together with other Axis troops, started retreating towards Austria in order to surrender to the British forces. On 3 May 1945, The NDH leadership abolished racial laws and intended to seek Western support in fighting Communism. On 6 May they sent a request for collaboration with the Allies, which was rejected. The Yugoslav Partisans took control of Zagreb, the capital of NDH, on 8 May. The retreating columns marched through Slovenia and were accompanied by many civilians. By 14 May, several thousand troops were admitted by the British. On 15 May, the main column reached the town of Bleiburg, where their surrender was rejected and were repatriated to the Yugoslav Partisans. Those that were previously taken into British captivity were returned to Yugoslavia between 18 and 31 May, including around 10,000 Slovene Home Guards.
The prisoners were subjected to forced marches by the Yugoslav authorities. Transit and detention camps were set across Slovenia where a selection was made. The OZNA (Department of National Security) issued precise instructions on dealing with prisoners of war. An instruction issued on 6 May 1945 by the OZNA stipulated that prisoners were to be liquidated:
Arrival at the Teharje camp
Several thousand Slovene Home Guard POWs were taken by trains from the Austrian border at Dravograd to Maribor and from there to the town of Celje. From the town's railway station they were sent through Celje by foot towards the nearby Teharje camp, a prison camp that was administered by the OZNA. During the trip the prisoners were beaten and those that lagged behind were shot. There were also civilians in the columns. Their valuables were taken from them upon arrival at the camp. German civilians from the Kočevje region (Gottscheers) were also brought to Teharje. The Home Guard POWs were separated into three groups: the first group consisted of minors, the second consisted of those that were members of the Home Guard for less than five months, and the third group included others. However, there were exceptions of this rule. The third group had the harshest treatment at the camp and were often without water and food. Around 7,000 to 8,000 people passed through the Teharje camp.
Prisoners from the third group were first set for liquidation. Their hands were tied in pair with another inmate and were meant to be transported by trucks to nearby execution sites. The OZNA engaged drivers from across the country to carry out the transports. The drivers were not informed about the details of the action.
Massacre
In late May and June 1945, when the Yugoslav army started emptying its prison camps in Slovenia, prisoners from the Teharje camp and the Stari Pisker prison were brought by trucks at night to the abandoned Barbara Pit mine in Huda Jama. Slovene Home Guard POWs that were singled out in Slovenj Gradec, Velenje, Kranj and Celje were the first ones to arrive on the last week of May. NDH troops were brought on foot. Once arrived, groups of 5–6 prisoners with hands tied with wire were stripped, ordered to kneel above a mine shaft and shot in the head, or were hit with a mine hammer or a pickaxe. In some cases, groups of 20–30 prisoners were tossed into a mine shaft, followed with hand grenades to finish off the victims. A number of prisoners were thrown in alive. Once the shafts were filled with corpses, the remaining prisoners were sent in the direction of Zagorje in northwest Croatia where they were killed, while the bodies were covered with lime to speed up decomposition. The mine was then enclosed with 400 cubic meters of concrete and wooden barriers. Those still conscious tried to climb over each other to reach the hatch, but could not escape the sealed mine.
The liquidations were carried out by the 3rd Brigade of the Slovenian KNOJ (People's Defence Corps of Yugoslavia) Division. More than a thousand people were killed in the massacre. Most of the victims were prisoners of war, members of the NDH Armed Forces and Slovene Home Guard, and civilians. There are no records of survivors.
Aftermath
It is estimated that at least 70,000 to 80,000 people were killed in the Yugoslav Partisan pursuit of Nazi collaborators. More than 600 mass grave sites are located in Slovenia, which the Yugoslav authorities concealed and prohibited discussion about the massacres.
The part of the Barbara Pit mine where the killings took place was hermetically sealed. The rest was put into operation on 1 November 1945 and produced coal until 1992. There is no written data about the massacre in Yugoslav archives. One of the earliest mentions of the event is connected to a judicial proceeding from May 1947, when five people were sentenced to death on spying charges, including a 32-year-old pregnant woman who claimed that Yugoslav authorities were beating and killing POWs at Brežice, Košnica pri Celju, and Huda Jama.
Investigation
The first official studies of the site began in November 1989 when a criminal report was filed against unknown perpetrators for the killing of an undetermined number of prisoners at Huda Jama. The state prosecution forwarded the report to the Celje Police Department in October 1991. A decade later, in 2001, the Slovenian police began a formal investigation of the graves at Huda Jama. In January 2008, the Commission on Concealed Mass Graves in Slovenia decided to inspect the Barbara Pit. The first of eleven barriers was set 300 meters after the entrance. It was breached on 24 July 2008. It took workers eight months to remove of gangue and penetrate eleven reinforced concrete partition walls (each thick) to reach the graves. The first corpse was found on 23 February 2009, 449 meters into the mine, near the 9th barrier. The victim appeared to have survived the slaughter and managed to dig through 7–8 meters of soil until he reached an impassable concrete door and ran out of oxygen. On 3 March 2009, investigators found a mass of 427 corpses that were largely mummified due to the lack of oxygen in the mine. Hair, skin, ears and nails were still visible on the corpses. Excavating a further into a 45 meter deep mine shaft uncovered another 369 corpses.
Andreja Valić, head of the Slovenian Research Centre for National Reconciliation, said upon the discovery of the mass grave that "current information, based on oral testimony, indicate that the slain people could have been Slovenian or Croatian citizens". Further investigation showed that most of the victims were Croats and Slovenes. The researchers found orthopedic equipment and bandages among the corpses, meaning that wounded soldiers were also among the victims. Several pigtails plaited from women's hair were also discovered.
Jože Dežman, head of the Commission, said that "this is one of 15 Slovenian Srebrenicas". Slovenian pathologist Jože Balažic commented: "The scenes that we found there indicate that the victims died in agony. All corpses are covered with lime and based on their body position it appears that the victims had been moving for a time." Pavel Jamnik from the Slovenian Criminal Police Directorate noted that "some victims were probably still conscious when their executioners scattered lime, which is cracked, which means that they moved. Several skeletons are sticking above the surface of the lime and it is obvious that they tried to pull out in agony". Croatian medical doctors offered their assistance in DNA analysis of the remains, which could potentially be used to identify Croat victims.
On 25 October 2017, more than eight years since the discovery of the massacre, the Slovenian Ministry of Labour, Family, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities announced that, based on preliminary data of anthropological and archaeological analysis, a total of 1,416 victims were found in the coal mine. Remains of 769 individuals were exhumed from the site in 2009 and another 647 in 2016. Among them there were 21 women, while the youngest victims were 17 years old. Most of the victims are believed to be members of the military forces of NDH. On 6 March 2017, Slovenian anthropologist Petra Leben Seljak said that among the second group, exhumed in 2016, almost all were men older than 20 and younger than 40, while 8 percent were aged between 18 and 20.
Political and institutional response
The first high-ranking official to visit the mass grave after the uncovering on 3 March 2009 was the Slovenian General Prosecutor Barbara Brezigar, who described the scene as "horrific". In the following days, the site was visited by Slovenian Member of European Parliament and former Prime Minister Lojze Peterle. Peterle criticised President of Slovenia Danilo Türk for failing to visit the site. When asked to comment on the issue during a visit to the town of Trbovlje on 8 March, the International Woman's Day, only 10 kilometers away from the mass grave, Türk refused to comment on the issue, qualifying political manipulations with the mass grave as a "second rate topic". He dismissed the calls to visit the grave as "political manipulation". He subsequently condemned the crime, adding: "as I condemn all executions during and after the (Second World) war".
Türk's statements that these killings must be understood "in the context of World War Two" provoked the Slovenian Minister of Defence Ljubica Jelušič to maintain that there can be no excuse for not condemning the killings. Together with the Prime Minister and Speaker of the National Assembly, President Türk laid wreaths at the entrance to the mine on 1 November 2009.
On 9 March, Croatian Deputy Prime Minister Jadranka Kosor and Interior Minister Tomislav Karamarko visited the site and offered help in DNA identification. On 10 March, the Croatian government called for a joint Croatian–Slovenian investigation into the grave and the implementation of the 2008 agreement on the marking of military cemeteries. By 2013, the Slovenian government helped finance the arrangement of the site and the setup of walking paths, drainage, air ventilation and electrification.
Commemoration
After the fall of communism, a memorial chapel was dedicated at the site in 1997. Shortly after its dedication the chapel was defaced and slogans were scrawled along the walls, including "Death to traitors" and "Death to fascism".
A commemoration was held on 13 June 2015, on the occasion of the massacre's 70th anniversary, that was attended by around 2,000 people. Among them was Slovenian President Borut Pahor, Catholic bishops from Croatia and Slovenia, and various delegations of Croatian and Slovenian organizations.
On 27 October 2016, 778 of the exhumed victims were transferred to the Dobrava cemetery near Maribor. The commemoration was attended by the Croatian leadership, including Prime Minister Andrej Plenković, President Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović and Speaker Božo Petrov, Church dignitaries, and Slovenian President Borut Pahor. At a Croatian government session on the same day, Plenković said that "the burial of victims of post-war communist terror in Huda Jama reminds us of our debt to the victims of totalitarianism".
See also
Mass graves in Celje
Kočevski Rog massacre
Tezno massacre
Foibe massacres
Mass killings under communist regimes
Notes
References
Books
Journals
External links
Barbara Pit Mass Grave on Geopedia
Location of Barbara Pit on Geopedia
1945 in Slovenia
Massacres in the 1940s
Aftermath of World War II in Slovenia
Municipality of Laško
Mass graves in Slovenia
Massacres in Slovenia
Political repression in Communist Yugoslavia
Political and cultural purges
World War II prisoners of war massacres
Massacres in Yugoslavia
Unidentified decedents
Yugoslav Partisan war crimes in World War II
May 1945 events
June 1945 events
Mass murder in 1945
Massacres of Croats | [
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58821243 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Mexico%20State%20Road%2076 | New Mexico State Road 76 | State Road 76 (NM 76) is a state highway in the US state of New Mexico. Its total length is approximately . NM 76's western terminus is at NM 68 in Santa Cruz and the eastern terminus is in Picuris Pueblo at NM 75.
History
At the January 17, 2018 Transportation Commission meeting a was dedicated as "Casimiro Roca Memorial Highway" to honor Father Casimiro Roca. Father Casimiro Roca served the community of Chimayó, and had a large part in caring for and helping restore the Santuario de Chimayó.
Major intersections
See also
List of state roads in New Mexico
References
External links
076
Transportation in Santa Fe County, New Mexico
Transportation in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico
Transportation in Taos County, New Mexico | [
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68303105 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card%20of%20Darkness | Card of Darkness | Card of Darkness is a strategy, adventure and puzzle game developed by Zach Gage, Pendleton Ward and Choice Provisions, and released for Apple Arcade on September 19, 2019. The objective is to traverse dungeons and save the world using card game-style gameplay.
Reception
The game received positive reviews from critics.
Sergio Velasquez of TouchArcade rated the game 4.5/5 stars, calling it a "fantastic game" with "simple, yet addictive gameplay", saying that the only "annoyance" was the game's randomly generated dungeons. Giorgio Melani of Multiplayer.it rated the game 8.5/10, praising its game mechanics and graphics.
Chris Plante of Polygon called the game "difficult", but said that it consumed his free time, also saying that it "excels in being easily readable". Gita Jackson of Kotaku stated that the game had the same appeal as Adventure Time, praising its simple story, which "frees up brainspace for understanding the complicated gameplay".
References
2019 video games
IOS games
IOS-only games
Strategy video games
Single-player video games
Apple Arcade games
Adventure games
Puzzle video games
Video games developed in the United States
Video games designed by Zach Gage
Choice Provisions games | [
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30834797 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Hermit%20of%20Eyton%20Forest | The Hermit of Eyton Forest | The Hermit of Eyton Forest is a medieval mystery novel by Ellis Peters, set in the autumn of 1142. It is the 14th novel in the Cadfael Chronicles and was first published in 1987.
The mystery is set in the Anarchy, the continuing battles between King Stephen and Empress Maud, now besieged in Oxford Castle. Sheriff Hugh Beringar and Brother Cadfael work together to resolve murder and kidnap, the first done in connection with the anarchy, and the second dealing with property and marriages in 12th century England.
One review at the time of publication referred to the "ever-fascinating Brother Cadfael chronicles", said that author "Peters continues to enthrall", and described the "unpretentious but literate style" of this novel. The story was "Swift-moving, intricate plotting, [with a] richly tapestried background". Another reviewer was less impressed, and said that characters were in the main "glibly superficial: lovers are fair and pure; villains cruel and swarthy." However, they enjoyed the main character, as "Brother Cadfael remains as shrewd and unpredictable as ever." A later reviewer found that this was "a great story." They felt that "Brother Cadfael is more an observer than an actor in this work" but overall, the "bodies and red herrings pile up in a satisfying way before all the puzzles are solved."
Plot summary
On 18 October 1142, Richard Ludel, lord of Eaton manor, dies of wounds taken at the battle of Lincoln in February 1141. Sheriff Hugh Beringar has charge of the manor lands for King Stephen, with the steward John of Longwood to run the manor. Abbot Radulfus is guardian of the son per his father's wish. Brother Paul informs young Richard, 10 years old, that he is orphaned, and lord of Eaton manor. His grandmother, Dame Dionisia Ludel does not believe in such education for a lord. Her goal is to marry the boy to Hiltrude, daughter of Fulke Astley, who will inherit the estates on either side of Eaton manor: Wroxeter and Leighton.
Dame Dionisia gives the hermit Cuthred and his helper Hyacinth a disused hermit's chapel. He and his helper are present at the funeral of Richard's father. Otherwise, Cuthred never leaves his small residence.
In November, Eilmund, forester for the Abbey, reports unusual damage in the Eyton Forest. Cuthred sends Hyacinth to tell the Abbot this is punishment for Richard being kept at the Abbey. Needing a friend, Richard approaches Hyacinth. They form a pact. Returning to the hermitage, Hyacinth saves Eilmund in Eyton Forest. He rolls a fallen willow tree off him. Local men carry Eilmund to his assart. Hyacinth runs ahead to warn Annet, Eilmund's daughter. She asks Hyacinth to fetch Cadfael to set her father's broken leg.
Hugh Beringar shares that the Empress Maud is held under siege in Oxford Castle. The Empress sent a messenger from there to Brian Fitzcount, Lord of Wallingford. The messenger was Renaud Bourchier, whose horse was found, with empty saddlebags, and no sign of the man.
Drogo Bosiet and his groom Warin of Northamptonshire appear at the Abbey, hunting a villein named Brand who fled his manor. Abbot Radulfus is not well inclined to Drogo's goal, so recommends him to the sheriff. After Vespers, Brother Jerome meets with Drogo to tell him that the hermit's helper might be Brand. Richard overhears this threat to Hyacinth, and rides his pony to warn Hyacinth, finding him in the Eyton Forest. Hyacinth goes into hiding, as Richard heads back to the Abbey. That day, Cadfael leaves Eilmund's assart and encounters Drogo's horse, then the body of Drogo Bosiet, killed by a knife in his back. In the morning, Hugh Beringar and Cadfael find that Drogo was stabbed in the back as he walked his horse on the forest path en route to the Abbey. No knife is found. The Abbot adds Brother Jerome's conversation, revealing Drogo's destination to the hermitage.
Cuthred tells Hugh and Cadfael that Drogo visited him the day before, and he has not seen Hyacinth since. Cuthred met Hyacinth, a beggar at the gates of the Cluniac priory in Northampton, at the end of September. Richard has not been seen in the Abbey since the day before at Vespers. Hugh sets a manhunt for both Richard, suspected kidnapped, and Hyacinth, suspected of murder.
Cadfael talks with Rafe of Coventry, of the Earl of Warwick, staying at the Abbey. At the alms box, he sees a coin struck with the image of the Empress, and Rafe comes from Oxford. When Cadfael asks if he seeks the murderer of Bourchier, Rafe says no.
Cadfael finds Hyacinth by following Annet as she meets him. Annet, Eilmund and Hyacinth bring Cadfael in on their secrets. Annet loves Hyacinth and her father approves it. They hide Hyacinth during this manhunt. Hyacinth was with Annet at the time of the murder. Innocence is not sufficient; he is not safe until Drogo and his son are gone. Hyacinth describes his bad treatment at Drogo's hands. Drogo left Hyacinth landless, but wants him for his skill in fine leather work. Hyacinth ran after he beat up the steward when he chanced on him raping a local girl. Cadfael promises to keep Hyacinth's secret, at odds with his promise to Hugh.
Drogo's son Aymer arrives at the Abbey focussed on finding the villein, learning his father is dead. Hyacinth seeks Richard at Leighton. Hearing a young woman travelling with her father Astley on horseback in the darkness, he runs ahead of them to find Richard locked in a room. Learning that the hermit Cuthred will act as the priest, Hyacinth persuades Richard to go along with the ceremony. After the marriage ceremony, Richard gains respect for Hiltrude; he shares why he agreed to the ceremony. She is delighted. They plan Richard's escape. Richard begins his ride after the midday meal. When Astley learns Richard is missing, he is in immediate pursuit.
They arrive simultaneously in the Abbey courtyard, Richard first on his pony. Richard falls off the pony and grabs the Abbot's legs. The courtyard is full. Astley and Abbot Radulfus face off. Astley wants his son-in-law. The Abbot takes control. Before a rapt audience, Richard shouts out why he agreed to the ceremony, that Cuthred is not a priest. At this, Rafe slips away. Abbot Radulfus plans to meet Cuthred the next morning. Hugh Beringar returns from Leighton, and mutes Astley with mention of kidnapping charges. Aymer Bosiet has not left the Abbey, still a threat to Hyacinth.
At the hermitage, Cuthred lies dead at the foot of the altar, his own knife near his hand. A small casket is broken open and empty, and the breviary is missing. Blood shows on the tip of Cuthred's knife. Dame Dionisia arrives, jolted by the sight of the dead man.
Aymer Bosiet recognises the dead hermit. He and his father had met him at Thame one night. He was dressed differently, hair cut in the Norman style, a man who wore weapons, but rode no horse. They played dice and chess with him. This explains the murder of Drogo; the hermit would not risk discovery. Aymer leaves the Abbey. Cadfael brings Hyacinth out of hiding. Hugh calls off the manhunt, as they go to Eilmund's place. When Hyacinth and Cuthred met, Cuthred was well dressed. Hyacinth stole a habit for him at the priory, for his transformation to hermit. Dame Dionisia believed Cuthred was a priest, but it was not true. Hugh tells Hyacinth he is free to seek work in the town. In a year and a day, he will come to ask for Annet as his wife.
Rafe seeks Cadfael to treat his long knife wound. Rafe de Genville, vassal to Brian FitzCount, loyal to the Empress will restore to Brian what is his, recovered in a fair fight between Rafe and the hermit. Rafe found the jewels he sought in the reliquary. A personal letter was hidden in the breviary, already read by the dead man, as the seal is broken.
Cadfael tells Hugh that he let Rafe go. Horse with no man, man with no horse, Cadfael had linked these together. Hugh recoils upon realising the full horror of the first crime that Renaud Bourchier committed, fouler than murder. Hugh is persuaded Rafe acted rightly.
Honour is upheld, the lovers are united, and Richard is safe at school.
Characters
Brother Cadfael: Herbalist in the Benedictine monastery at Shrewsbury, about 62 in this story. Though long a monk here, he lived as Crusader and sailor before settling near his native Wales. His besetting sin is curiosity.
Abbot Radulfus: He is head of the Abbey of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, based on the real abbot of that year. He was introduced in Monk's Hood.
Prior Robert Pennant: He is a monk of aristocratic upbringing, and expectations. He succeeded as abbot after Radulfus, and was introduced in A Morbid Taste for Bones.
Brother Paul: He is the monk in charge of the education of the novices and the four young boys at the monastery for schooling.
Brother Jerome: He is clerk to Prior Robert and confessor of the novices. He likes to report on others, to hear the sound of his own voice, and is rather critical of Brother Paul's ways with the education of the young.
Brother Winfrid: He is newly assigned to help Cadfael in the herbarium and gardens. He is a monk of about 20 years old; strong but slow, he will do for Cadfael.
Richard Ludel: He is the only son of Sir Richard Ludel, now 10 years old. He is educated at the Abbey at the direction of his father, in the charge of Abbot Radulfus per an agreement made in the prior year. Richard's mother died earlier; his paternal grandmother is the relative left him. Of the aristocracy, he is the lord of Eaton Manor on his father's death. He is a lively and observant boy, and persistent.
Sir Richard Ludel: He was the Lord of Eaton Manor southeast of the Abbey, whose liege lord was once William FitzAlan who sided with the Empress; the lands were taken by King Stephen. Sir Richard supported the King by joining the Battle of Lincoln, where he took an ultimately fatal wound. Widowed, he made an agreement for Abbot Radulfus to care for and educate his son until he was of age. He dies at age 35 as the story opens.
Dame Dionisia Ludel: She is grandmother to young Richard, and a strong woman with desires to enlarge the family's property by her grandson's marriage. She is more distant than fond with her grandson, about 55 years old.
John of Longwood: He is the steward of Eaton Manor, responsible to Hugh Beringar until young Richard is of age. He manages it fully since the father returned wounded from the battle of Lincoln.
Hiltrude Astley: She is heir to two manors either side of Eaton Manor. Her father and Richard's grandmother want her to marry young Richard to merge the manors. Hiltrude prefers a young man nearer her age of 22.
Sir Fulke Astley: He is the father of Hiltrude, and owner of manors at Wroxeter and Leighton. He is a strong man, nearing 50 years old.
Hugh Beringar: He is Sheriff of Shropshire, with manors in Maesbury in the north of the shire. About 27 years old, he is married to Aline and father of young Giles. He is King Stephen's man, and a close friend, minds and ethics alike, with Brother Cadfael. He was introduced in One Corpse Too Many.
Cuthred: He is the hermit who recently entered Shropshire. Dame Dionisia Ludel gave him the use of an old stone chapel with a room attached. He was recommended by monks at the Savigniac house of Buildwas, a small monastery nearby, and quickly accepted as a saint of the Celtic sort (that is, no need for the canonisation process) by the local people. He is killed in a struggle, and was a killer.
Hyacinth: He is about 20 years old, and arrives with Cuthred to run his errands, as the hermit is bound to his chapel. He is an attractive and strong but wiry young man, who heard the "old story of a youth of that name" from a priest, as Hyacinth related to Abbot Radulfus. An "unnerving fairy thing" in contrast to the hermit of Eyton forest. He has reddish brown hair, the colour of copper beeches.
Eilmund: He is the Forester for Abbey lands to the southeast of the Abbey, the Eyton Forest.
Annet: She is the daughter of Eilmund and resides with him in their forest cottage. She loves Hyacinth.
Drogo Bosiet: He is the Lord of a manor in Northamptonshire, travelling a long ways solely to find an escaped villein they call Brand, both to punish the man and have the value of his skills. He is in his mid-fifties. He is murdered between the hermit's place and the Abby.
Warin: He is groom to Drogo Bosiet, and a testament to the cruel nature of his master, suffering wounds from almost every encounter with Drogo. So close to Wales and freedom from his villein status, he does not run because he has a family at the Bosiet Manor.
Aymer Bosiet: He is the elder son of Drogo, travelling separately in this hunt for the escaped villein. He is much like his father in favouring hate over love, power over stronger ties with others, and about 30 years old.
Renaud Bourchier: He is a knight in the service of the Empress Maud, sent before the siege of Oxford to carry a message and funds to Brian Fitz Count. He never reached nearby Wallingford Castle, but his horse was found along the way, with evidence of theft and violence. His body was not found.
Rafe of Coventry: He is another late fall visitor to the Abbey, falconer to the Earl of Warwick, travelling on his lord's business. He is armed and travelling alone; of quiet habits, and of a size with Cadfael. He engages in the struggle with Cuthred, leaving with a small wound.
Reviews
This novel earned some high praise, along with disappointment in the characters.
Kirkus Reviews found this novel worthy of praise, starting by saying this is "Another in the ever-fascinating Brother Cadfael chronicles taking the reader back to 12th-century England, where Cadfael's Benedictine Abbey in Shrewsbury is relatively untouched by the country's civil war." The plot focusses on "a different war being waged there, however, after the death of Richard Ludel, Lord of Eaton", whose son was kidnapped from the Abbey. Their commentary on the novel was that it was "Swift-moving, intricate plotting, richly tapestried background, and unpretentious but literate style in the telling once again work their magic as Peters continues to enthrall."
Publishers Weekly was not impressed with the characters, and said that "Unfortunately, most of the characters are glibly superficial: lovers are fair and pure; villains cruel and swarthy. In his 14th appearance, however, Brother Cadfael remains as shrewd and unpredictable as ever."
By contrast, Library Journal, writing about the audio book, said that "No one is exactly what they seem, and more than one character has a past that bears closer examination. Add to this several subplots and a large amount of political intrigue, and you have a great story. Although Brother Cadfael is more an observer than an actor in this work, bodies and red herrings pile up in a satisfying way before all the puzzles are solved."
Kirkus Reviews, Publishers Weekly and Library Journal write reviews about a month in advance of a book's first publication. The first two reviews were written in 1987, with the third a few years later when the audio book was released.
Themes and Setting in History
The story is set in Shrewsbury and environs. Shrewsbury Abbey continues, and its history notes Abbott Radulfus (sometimes known as Ranulf) and Prior Robert Pennant as real people in its history. Remains of some of the places stand today, and can be seen from one of the trails. The manors at Wroxeter and Leighton are real places close to Shrewsbury.
The Anarchy, a period of dispute over who was rightful king, was deep in its tangle. King Stephen held the crown, while his cousin Empress Maud claimed she was the rightful successor to her father King Henry I. She and her forces engaged in battles with King Stephen's forces. The prior year, King Stephen had been taken and imprisoned for several months, as his own brother, Henry, Bishop of Winchester turned his coat twice. Even with the field thus clear, Empress Maud was unable to garner sufficient support in the key city of London to be crowned.
King Stephen's wife, Queen Matilda, led the army when her husband was imprisoned, and succeeded both in pressing London with their forces just outside the city and in taking Robert of Gloucester as prisoner. Robert was the main support of his half-sister, allowing negotiation for the release of King Stephen. Immediately after that drama, Empress Maud moved to Oxford. King Stephen's brother, the powerful Bishop Henry, again supported the King, even worked to sway supporters of Maud to join the King for the sake of the nation. After a period of illness, King Stephen began again to take strategic towns, like Wareham and besieged Empress Maud in Oxford, all as related in the story. Geoffrey of Anjou, second husband of Maud and father of their children, was more interested in conquests in Normandy, where he was in the time of this novel, than in helping his wife in any way. Robert of Gloucester was sent, nonetheless, to persuade Geoffrey to help his wife. He returned at the end of October to Wareham as the siege of Oxford continued, with Empress Maud trapped in Oxford Castle by that siege.
Empress Maud would not stop battling, but could not win for herself.
The plot of the novel arises from the very real chaotic political situation of fall 1142 in England. Brian Fitz Count was one of her strongest supporters on the battlefield and in the long run. It was rumoured that they were lovers. During the siege of Oxford, Brian Fitz Count was running low on funds at his place in Wallingford Castle, supporting soldiers in her cause.
Hermit monks of the Anchorite following were a feature of medieval England.
The choice of the name Hyacinth for the attractive and handsome young man who arrives in the novel as the boy to assist the hermit Cuthred is also of the medieval period. In our modern era, it is simply the name of a spring flower. In Greek mythology, Hyacinth is killed because two of the gods pursue him for his beauty; from his blood sprang a beautiful flower. In pre-Hellenic myths, he was the "classical metaphor of the death and rebirth of nature", which well suits the villein who is fought over by his lord, disappears from his home to reappear in a new place, fall in love, make new friends and a new life. Hyacinth relates a very brief version of the Greek myth as an "old story" he heard from a priest, when Abbot Radulfus asks about his name when the two first meet. Abbot Radulfus mentions having heard of a bishop by that name. Perhaps he means the man who later became Cardinal Hyacinth and at the end of his long life, Pope Celestine III, or a Cardinal Hyacinth mentioned as a correspondent to Thomas Becket.
Many characters in this novel, beyond the Benedictine Abbey itself, were of the landed gentry, with manors to direct, to gain by marriage, and to inherit. In the feudal system, they owed allegiance to their liege lord, and had both free and villein workers doing the work on the land or in the house. The group of characters who were either free men or villeins held distinctly different views of the Sheriff, and the law in general, as a protector of their life and property. Where the landed gentry relied on the Sheriff to serve them, the class with skilled trades or who worked the land knew their innocence had to be completely proved before facing the Sheriff.
The themes of the novel include the medieval sense of honour; loyalty, and its reverse in a nation, treason.
Publication history
Fantastic Fiction lists six hardback editions in English, from 1987 to 2001. The first edition was issued in June 1987 by Headline Book Publishing, / 9780747200376 (UK edition); the latest in June 2001 by Chivers Large print, Chivers, Windsor, Paragon & C, / 9780754015901 (UK edition). There are nine paperback editions from 1987 to 2002; the latest in April 2002 by Chivers Large print (Chivers, Windsor, Paragon & C, / 9780754024514 (UK edition). Four audio cassette editions from 1994–98; two audio CD edition from 2001 and the latest in May 2013 by Blackstone Audiobooks, / 9781470886820; and an MP3 edition in February 2012.
The Kindle edition was released in July 2013, ISBN B00E1X36MQ.
Goodreads lists 33 editions of The Hermit of Eyton Forest, in English, Italian, French, German, Polish, Dutch. Editions are in hardback, paperback, audio cassette, audio CD, and MP3 player, published from 1988 to 1 March 2012.
French: L'ermite de la forêt d'Eyton (Frère Cadfael, #14), Published 31 August 2002 by 10/18, Mass Market Paperback, 280 pages, Serge Chwat (Translator)
Italian: L'eremita della foresta, Published 1998 by Longanesi, La gaja scienza #550, Hardcover, 228 pages, Elsa Pelitti (Translator)
German: Der geheimnisvolle Eremit [The Mysterious Hermit] (Bruder Cadfael, #14), Published 1991 by Heyne Deutsche Erstausgabe, Paperback, 284 pages, urgen Langowski (Translator)
Dutch: Het stille woud [The Silent Forest], Published 1990 by De Boekerij, Paperback, 208 pages, Pieter Janssens (Translator)
Polish: Pustelnik Z Lasu Eyton, Published 2006 by Zysk i S-ka, 275 pages,
In addition to editions in English, French, German and Spanish, WorldCat lists a 2000 book edition in Korean.
Spanish: El Ermitaño de Eyton Forest, Published by Grupo Editorial Random House Mondadori : Debolsillo, 2002, [Barcelona], María Antonia Menini ITranslator), Los Jet de Plaza & Janés, 283 pages,
Korean: 에이튼숲의은둔자 : 엘리스피터스장편소설 / Eit'ŭn sup ŭi ŭndunja : Ellisŭ P'it'ŏsŭ changp'yŏn sosŏl, Author: 김훈옮김; Ellis Peters, Published by 북하우스, Sŏul-si : Buk Hausŭ, 2000,
References
Sources
British mystery novels
Novels by Edith Pargeter
1988 British novels
Fiction set in the 1140s
Novels set in Shropshire
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17274210 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilian%20Polino | Emilian Polino | Emilian Patrick Polino (born 11 May 1981) is a boxer from Tanzania who qualified for the 2008 Olympics at bantamweight.
Career
In 2002 and 2006 the civil servant from Dar es Salaam competed in the Commonwealth Games but exited in the first round.
At the first Olympic qualifier he again lost in the first round, at the second he was defeated by veteran Bruno Julie but grabbed the last remaining berth by edging Ugandan Aldina Muzei 6:5. Ultimately, Polino did not compete in Beijing, however.
External links
2nd Olympic qualifier
Data
Living people
People from Dar es Salaam
Bantamweight boxers
1981 births
Tanzanian male boxers
Boxers at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Boxers at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games competitors for Tanzania | [
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] |
68444576 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004%20Nord-Pas-de-Calais%20regional%20election | 2004 Nord-Pas-de-Calais regional election | A regional election took place in Nord-Pas-de-Calais on 21 and 28 March 2004, along with all other regions. Daniel Percheron (PS) was re-elected President of the Council.
Results
References
Nord-Pas-de-Calais
Nord-Pas-de-Calais, 2004 | [
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34809302 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown%20%28English%20coin%29 | Crown (English coin) | The crown, originally known as the "crown of the double rose", was an English coin introduced as part of King Henry VIII's monetary reform of 1526, with a value of five shillings.
History
The first such coins were minted in 22 carat "crown gold", and the first silver crowns were produced in 1551 during the brief reign of King Edward VI. However, some crowns continued to be minted in gold until 1662.
No crowns were minted in the reign of Mary I, but silver as well as gold crowns again appeared in the reign of her successor Elizabeth I. Until the time of the Commonwealth of England it was usual for some crowns to be minted in gold as well as in silver, so both versions of the coin can be found for James I and Charles I.
The silver crown was one of a number of European silver coins which first appeared in the 16th century, all of which were of a similar diameter (about 38 millimetres) and weight (approximately one ounce), so were more or less interchangeable in international trade. English silver crowns were minted in all reigns from that of Elizabeth I. The Charles II Petition Crown, engraved by Thomas Simon, is exceptionally rare.
The composition of the silver crowns was the sterling silver standard of 92.5 per cent silver and 7.5 per cent copper, established in the 12th century by Henry II. This was harder-wearing than fine silver, yet still a high grade. The hardness discouraged the practice of "clipping", and this practice was further discouraged (and largely eliminated) with the introduction of the milled edge.
With the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707, the English crown was superseded by the British crown, which is still minted, although since 1990 with a face value of five pounds.
Gallery
References
External links
Coins of England | [
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27344292 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rifat | Rifat | Rifat (also transliterated as Rifaat, , , a conjugated form of the Arabic verb رفع with the meaning "lifted", "elated", "joyous") is a masculine name. Variants also include Refat, Rafat, Refaat, etc. Notable people with the name include:
Rifaat al-Assad, Syrian military personnel and politician
Rifat Chadirji, Iraqi architect and author
Rıfat Ilgaz (1911–1993), Turkish poet
Rifat Mustafin, Russian footballer
Rifat Ozbek, Turkish fashion designer
Rifaat Turk (born 1957), Israeli footballer
Rifat Zhemaletdinov (born 1996), Russian footballer of Tatar origin
See also
Kamal Rifaat, Egyptian military officer and politician
Rasheek Rifaat, Canadian engineer
Turkish masculine given names
Arabic masculine given names | [
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] |
1055160 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria%20and%20the%20Caribbean | Malaria and the Caribbean | Malaria has had a significant impact on the history of the Caribbean, due to its effects on the colonization of the islands and the corresponding impact on society and economy.
Malaria was not found in the Americas prior to the discovery of the New World by Europeans. There was therefore even less immunity among the native populations than there was among Europeans. Due to their genetics, African slaves had greater immunity to falciparum malaria, and this was one reason why slaves were brought in great numbers from Africa.
Creoles felt that diseases such as malaria were tools preventing their territories being invaded by Europeans.
The Caribbean countries most affected by malaria were the Greater Antilles islands and other humid islands like Martinique and Trinidad and Tobago. Anopheles mosquitoes thrive mostly in areas of humidity and fresh water, so the disease was not found on islands such as the Bahamas and Antigua.
As of 2019, several cases of malaria occur each year in Trinidad and Tobago.
See also
Influx of disease in the Caribbean
References
Health in the Caribbean
Malaria | [
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56873525 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrtopogon%20%28fly%29 | Cyrtopogon (fly) | Cyrtopogon is a genus of robber flies in the family Asilidae. There are at least 120 described species in Cyrtopogon.
See also
List of Cyrtopogon species
References
Further reading
External links
Asilidae genera
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] |
13149646 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kihva%20V%C3%A4rdi | Kihva Värdi | Kihva Värdi, supposedly born Ferdinand Kihv, was a well-known Estonian fictional character developed by Riho Lahi. Kihva Värdi has been cited as a possible inspiration for the later fictional character of similar genre, Kärna Ärni.
The character, active in the early decades of Soviet occupation of Estonia, regularly "wrote" editorials in a number of Estonian newspapers, commenting, in a humorous and censorship-tolerated way, on current political issues. His editorials have also been published in book form.
Writing style
Kihva Värdi practiced a characteristic, well-recognisable in his era, writing style most prominent for consistently neglecting to join compound words, which are rather frequent in Estonian language. This and other stylistic cues paint him as middle-aged and poorly educated (or, as presented by Soviet authorities, "proletarian") man. This aura of proletarianism afforded Lahi some extra leeway in manœuvring through Soviet censorship.
See also
Kärna Ärni
Mägra-Märt
External links
Kuidas ma vesteid aja lehe veergudele toimetasin by Raimu Hanson. Postimees 27 October 2004
Fictional Estonian people | [
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49703772 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-AMG%20G%2065 | Mercedes-AMG G 65 | The Mercedes-AMG G 65 (previously sold as Mercedes-Benz G 65 AMG) is a V12 engined (with twin turbochargers) version of the Mercedes-Benz G-Class. The vehicle weighs (US model as estimated by an automotive magazine publication) and has 603 hp going into a seven-speed transmission as of 2016. In the United States it cost $224,000 USD in the year 2016, another source says it cost $218,000 USD. It was noted as being cheaper than a previous limited production run of Mercedes-Benz G63 AMG 6x6 (old-style name) from 2013. (note in this period of the 2010s, transition AMG vehicles from Mercedes-Benz to Mercedes-AMG branding. The US Version was previewed at the New York Auto Show in the spring of 2015 as a Mercedes-AMG model.
The basic model was introduced in Europe in 2012 and in 2015 was introduced in the United States as a Mercedes-AMG brand model. Prior to its US launch, Daimler experienced sales of over 3000 G-class vehicles of which about half were the AMG specification version. The car tuner Brabus also made a version of the G65.
Mercedes-AMG is a brand of Daimler AG (Mercedes-Benz, Unimog, AMG, and Smart).
The 2018 model for the USA has the AMG bi-turbocharger V-12 producing 621 horsepower and 738 lb-ft (US units). This is connected to a 7-speed transmission and full-time four wheel drive drivetrain. The G65 is more oriented towards urban driving, with low-profile tires and a 0- time of 5.1 seconds making it fastest of MB G-Class models offered then.
Specifications
Size:
Wheelbase 112.2 in
Length 188.5 in
Width 73.0 in
Weight:
Estimated weight about for US model.
Fuel Capacity:
25.4 gallons (about 96.15 litres)
Max angle of approach:
36 degrees
Max angle of departure:
27 degrees
See also
Mercedes-AMG
List of Mercedes-Benz vehicles
Mercedes-Benz G500 4×4²
References
External links
MB-USA page for G65 (2018)
Mercedes-Benz G-Class | [
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10311838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Rochambeau%20%28AP-63%29 | USS Rochambeau (AP-63) | USS Rochambeau (AP-63) was a transport ship that saw service in the United States Navy during World War II. She was the only U.S. Naval vessel to be named for the French nobleman, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau (1725–1807), who commanded the French troops in Washington's army during the American Revolutionary War.
History
French ownership
Rochambeau was originally built as Marechal Joffre in 1931 by the Societe Provençale de Constructions Navales of La Ciotat, France for the Societe des Services Contractuels des Messageries Maritimes. Manned by Vichy French Forces after the fall of France in 1940, Marechal Joffre was in the Philippines when the United States entered World War II. She was taken over by a crew of downed US Navy fliers from Patrol Wing 10 and with the help of some of the French sailors who were not supportive of the Vichy government sailed on the 18th for Balikpapan, whence she proceeded to Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. She arrived at San Francisco with a cargo of wool and zircon sand on 19 April 1942.
US Navy use
The following day, she was taken over by the United States Maritime Commission and transferred to the Navy. Commissioned 27 April 1942 with Lieutenant Thomas G. Warfield in command, she was renamed Rochambeau and designated AP-63 on the 29th.
Rochambeau, converted for use as a casualty evacuation ship, departed Oakland, California on 20 October for her first operation, under the U.S. flag. With replacements and reinforcements for the Guadalcanal campaign embarked on her westward passage, she made Nouméa; disembarked her passengers; replaced them with casualties from hospitals there, at Suva, and at Bora Bora; and returned to San Francisco on 3 December. At the end of December, she sailed west again. Extending her range to New Zealand and Australia on that voyage, she limited her next run, 9 to 27 March, to New Caledonia and the New Hebrides. On that trip she carried Lieutenant (j.g.) John F. Kennedy to Espiritu Santo where he was transferred to LST-449 and taken to the Solomons. During May, Rochambeau remained in waters off California, then, on 5 June, resumed her passenger/casualty runs to the south and southwest Pacific. Continuing those runs well into 1944, she added ports in New Guinea to her stops in September 1943 and the central Solomons in the spring of 1944. On her last run, 16 November 1944 – 17 January 1945 she brought back casualties from hospitals on Eniwetok, Guam, and Kwajalein in the company of the and .
Decommissioning
On 9 February, Rochambeau headed for New York City. Arriving on the 25th, she was decommissioned and transferred to the U.S. Maritime Commission's War Shipping Administration (WSA) on 17 March. Her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register at the end of the month. Then she was returned to her French owners Messageries Maritimes and resumed the name Marechal Joffre and, operating for WSA, was used to transport American troops from Europe to the United States. The hull was repainted black with a white superstructure and
From 1946 to 1950 she served as a troopship for the French Army in Indochina. Between 1950 and 1951 she returned to La Ciotat for rebuilding and the two funnels were replaced with a single oval funnel and painted white overall. She then served as a liner across the Indian Ocean to the Far East.
She was scrapped in Osaka, Japan, in 1960.
See also
List of auxiliaries of the United States Navy
References
External links
Transports of the United States Navy
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Naval ships captured by the United States during World War II
Ships built in France
1931 ships
Military of Vichy France | [
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28017468 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Battle%20Between%20Love%20and%20Chastity | The Battle Between Love and Chastity | The Battle Between Love and Chastity is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Pietro Perugino, now in the Musée du Louvre, in Paris, France. It was originally commissioned for the studiolo (cabinet) of Isabella d'Este, Marchesa of Mantua, in the Castello di San Giorgio.
History
The painting was the third commissioned by Isabella d'Este for her studiolo, after the two canvasses by Andrea Mantegna, the Parnassus and the Triumph of the Virtues. The paintings of the Coronation of Isabella d'Este and Reign of Comus would be completed by Lorenzo Costa.
The subject was suggested by Isabella's court poet, Paride da Ceresara, documented by the correspondence between Isabella and Perugino, who was then active in Florence. The notary contract included all the details about the literary theme, as well as a drawing which the work had to be based on. For example, when Perugino painted a naked Venus, instead than dressed, the marchesa protested vigorously.
In 1505, when the painting was delivered, the marchesa was not entirely satisfied. She declared that she preferred it would have been painted in oil, instead of the tempera used under her directives in order to follow Mantegna's style. Perugino, who probably was not at ease with the small format of the work, received 100 ducats for the work.
After the extinction of the Gonzaga dynasty, the painting was gifted by Charles I of Nevers to cardinal Richelieu, and was thus moved to Paris. Later it was acquired by the state and was added to the collection of the Louvre.
Description
The painting, over a background with gently steeped hills, portrays a fight between the symbolic figures of Love and Chastity. The theme was similar to other commissioned for the studiolo. Among the numerous mythological figures are Minerva, Diana, Venus, Anteros, nymphs, fauns and others. In the background are depicted several mythological episodes showing the victory of Chastity over Carnal Love, such as Apollo and Daphne, Jupiter and Europa, Mercury and Glaucera, Polyphemus and Galatea, Pluto and Proserpina, and Neptune with the nymph transforming into a carrion crow.
Other paintings of Isabella's Studiolo
Allegory of Isabella d'Este's Coronation by Mantegna
Reign of Comus by Lorenzo Costa
Triumph of the Virtues by Mantegna
Parnassus by Mantegna
Sources
External links
Page at the museum's website
1503 paintings
Paintings by Pietro Perugino
Paintings in the Louvre by Italian artists
Paintings depicting Greek myths
Gonzaga art collection
Paintings of Venus | [
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1968908 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Exmouth%20%28F84%29 | HMS Exmouth (F84) | HMS Exmouth was a Royal Navy anti-submarine warfare frigate of the or Type 14 class.
Service history
Exmouth became the first major British warship to be powered by gas turbine engines alone when, in 1966, she was taken in hand and was refitted with a combined gas or gas (COGOG) arrangement. The main reason behind the conversion of Exmouth was to trial the (then) new Marine Olympus which had been selected as the turbine for the Type 82 destroyer and the Type 19 high-speed anti-submarine frigate. Therefore, she was fitted with a Bristol Siddeley Olympus TM1 of 24,000 shp (limited to due to gearbox and shaft limitations) for full power and two Bristol Siddeley Proteus 10M (3,500 shp each) for fuel-efficient cruising. These engines drove the single shaft through a common gearbox. The Proteus engines could work alone or together, but could not be run together with the Olympus. As the engines could not run in reverse, a reversible-pitch propeller was installed. As the engines could be controlled directly from throttles on the bridge, bridge steering was fitted. The requisite air intakes and filters were grouped amidships and the turbine uptakes exhausted into a common, streamlined funnel, completely changing Exmouths appearance. The exhaust and intake trunking was also utilised to allow the removal of complete engines, giving a rapid 24-hour exchange time.
Exmouth rejoined the fleet on 5 June 1968, and during the 1970s she carried out extended trials to validate the feasibility of all-gas turbine propulsion. The foresight of her conversion was illustrated when after only 64 hours of running, an entire ring of Olympus turbine blades failed. Her test cruises took her to the Mediterranean Sea, where she took part in various trials and exercises based at Malta. She proceeded to Crete which made her the only Type 14 to get this far east. She acted as plane guard for the aircraft carrier and was involved in the search for survivors when a Russian destroyer lost 3 men overboard when making a close pass ahead of Ark Royal whilst the latter was at flying stations (the men were never found). She eventually returned to her home base port of Chatham in Kent. She then went to the Isle of Portland as a day runner in the 2nd Frigate Squadron, providing support for ships working-up under Flag Officer Sea Training. This was to prove her propulsion in a stop/start scenario – basically press the button, start the engines and sail – which was much less time-consuming than flashing up a steam plant.
The trials were ultimately successful, and allowed the trouble-free introduction of the Olympus into naval service in the Type 42 destroyer and the Type 21 and two batches of Type 22 frigates. The Olympus was also an export success, and Exmouths COGOG arrangement was also widely emulated. Exmouth was broken up in 1979.
References
The Blackwood class, Type 14 Second Rate Frigates, George Moore, in Warship 2001–2002, Conway Maritime Press, 2001,
Publications
1955 ships
Blackwood-class frigates
Experimental ships
Ships of the Fishery Protection Squadron of the United Kingdom | [
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1861831 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thuir | Thuir | Thuir (; Catalan: Tuïr, ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department, southern France.
Geography
Thuir is located southwest of Perpignan, in the canton of Les Aspres and in the arrondissement of Perpignan. It is situated in a plain between the natural zones of the Aspres and the Riberal.
Population
See also
Communes of the Pyrénées-Orientales department
References
INSEE commune file
External links
Information in Catalan Encyclopaedia
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61377317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slave%20Theater | Slave Theater | Slave Theater, also called the Slave I, was a movie theater located at 1215 Fulton Street in Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn, New York City. The theater was founded in 1984 by Brooklyn judge John Phillips to screen a film he had produced and became a center of civil rights organizing in Brooklyn.
John Phillips named the theater as a reminder of slavery as the origin of African-American and black American history. The name had a mixed reception by the Bed–Stuy community, but the theater became an emblem of Black pride in Brooklyn. After a complicated legal battle over ownership after Phillips's death, the theater was sold in 2013 and demolished in late 2016.
History
In 1984, Brooklyn civil court judge John Phillips bought and renamed the Regent Theater (built in 1910). He had produced an interracial romance film Hands Across Two Continents and couldn't convince theaters to screen it, so he bought two theaters in Brooklyn to have the movie played. He renamed the Regent Theater the Slave Theater because, according to the website Brownstoner, he wanted to "remind everyone in the community, including himself, where they came from. He didn’t particularly care that many in that community were offended by the name, either". In response to in Queens later in the 1980s , Judge Phillips opened the theater as a space for the local Black community and civil rights work; Al Sharpton started holding weekly rallies at the theater, which he cites as a reason for increased civil rights organizing in Brooklyn at the time. For example, the Slave Theater was a gathering point for marches (and speeches by Al Sharpton and C. Vernon Mason) following the acquittal of John Vento and Keith Mondello for the murder of Yusef Hawkins in August of 1989.
Judge Phillips was declared mentally unfit due to dementia in 2001 and died in 2008 due to neglect in a Brooklyn nursing home. For years, a series of guardians and estate lawyers had stolen most of Phillips's investments. Because he died without a will, the Slave Theater was left without funds to support itself and in unclear legal status. In the confusion, the theater fell into disrepair and was ordered vacated by the city of New York in 2012 after its patio collapsed during a party, injuring four people. A local group, the New Brooklyn Theatre began a Kickstarter fundraising campaign to try and buy the theater when it was put up for auction in 2012. The Slave Theater's manager and friend of Judge Phillips, Clarence Hardy, and his son Omar also claimed ownership of the property at the time. Clarence had been living in the building for years, at the behest of Judge Phillips. The Hardy family claimed that Judge Phillips had granted them ownership of the theater in 1999.
A New York Surrogate's Court judge ruled that Judge Phillips had transferred the property to the Hardys when he was of unsound mind, and therefore granted ownership of 1215 Fulton Street to Phillips's nephew and executor Rev. Samuel L. Boykin of Akron, Ohio. Boykin characterized the Hardys, and a church that had been renting the upper floors of the theater, as squatters and planned to have them evicted from the site in 2012. Then, Boykin sold the theater to the Fulton Halsey Development Group in August 2013 for $2.1 million, before an appeal by the Hardys was completed. In his continued attempts to save the theater, Clarence Hardy protested the proposed demolition of the theater by standing on top of its roof and threatening to jump unless the theater was saved. Other anti-gentrification activists also opposed the theater's destruction by organizing community protests. Nonetheless, in December of 2016, the lot's new owner Industrie Capital Partners demolished Slave Theater with plans to create a mixed-use development.
In 2019, a London firm called The Collective bought 1215 Fulton Street and several surrounding lots for $32.5 million dollars. The Collective stated that they are developing a plan for memorializing the history of the Slave Theater in the resulting mixed-use development.
Architecture
Exterior
The main exterior alteration made by Judge Phillips was the installation of the Slave Theater's iconic black-and-white marquee.
Interior
Judge Phillips had community artists paint murals all over the interior walls of the theater of heroes from Black history, like Toussaint Louverture, Marcus Garvey, and Malcolm X, as well as one of Bruce Lee.
In popular culture
Art
Go-Rilla Means War installation and accompanying catalog by Crystal Z. Campbell (2017)
The Slave Theater photography exhibition by Hiroki Kobayashi (2010)
Film
Slave One documentary (2017)
References
Further reading
External links
The Slave Theater website
1984 establishments in New York City
History of African-American civil rights
African-American history in New York City
Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn
Culture of Brooklyn
Theatres in Brooklyn
Demolished buildings and structures in Brooklyn | [
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40393637 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autochloris%20proterva | Autochloris proterva | Autochloris proterva is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Max Wilhelm Karl Draudt in 1915. It is found in French Guiana.
References
Arctiinae
Moths described in 1915
Moths of South America | [
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55730093 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberfest%20Sevens | Oktoberfest Sevens | The Oktoberfest Rugby 7s is a rugby sevens tournament held in Munich, Germany during the Oktoberfest event. In the first edition in 2017, Australia won the title in the final against Fiji, the Olympic champion from Rio. In 2019 South Africa won against Fiji, who made it again to the finals. Germany finished at an excellent 4th place, losing to the All Blacks Sevens from New Zealand in the bronze medal match. In 2020 and 2021 the Oktoberfest Rugby 7s had to be cancelled due to the corona pandemic. The tournament should return to the Olympic Stadium Munich in 2022.
Over 30,000 spectators from Germany and around the world, mostly wearing fancy dress, celebrated in 2019 on the stands and created a unique atmosphere.
Live acts, DJ and an entertainment program fill the breaks between the games over two days.
In 2017 and 2019 the German TV station “Sport 1” broadcast the tournament live on TV. Apart from that the Oktoberfest Rugby 7s were broadcast in over 60 countries worldwide.
Format
In 2017 the teams at the inaugural event were drawn into three pools of four teams each. Each team played all the others in their pool once. The top two teams from each pool advance to the Cup brackets while the top 2 third place teams also compete in the Cup/Plate. The other teams from each group play-off for the Challenge Trophy.
In 2019 only 8 teams took part at the tournament and were drawn into 2 pools of four teams each.
Teams 2017
Teams 2019
Results
References
External links
Official site
2017 rugby sevens competitions
2017–18 in German rugby union
Sports competitions in Munich
Oktoberfest | [
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22116169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Du%C5%A1an%20Trizna | Dušan Trizna | Dušan Trizna (born October 1, 1967) is a Slovak ski mountaineer and was member of the SSA national squad. Until the split of Czechoslovakia in 1993, he competed for the Czechoslovak team.
Selected results
1998:
4th, Patrouille des Glaciers ("seniors I" ranking), together with Milan Madaj and Miroslav Leitner
2001:
7th, European Championship team race (together with Milan Madaj)
2002:
10th World Championship team race (together with Milan Madaj)
Pierra Menta
1993: 3rd, together with Miroslav Leitner
1994: 2nd, together with Milan Madaj
1995: 2nd, together with Milan Madaj
1996: 3rd, together with Milan Madaj
1998: 8th, together with Milan Madaj
2000: 6th, together with Milan Madaj
2001: 9th, together with Milan Madaj
References
1967 births
Living people
Slovak male ski mountaineers
Czechoslovak male ski mountaineers | [
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6594010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apt%20Cathedral | Apt Cathedral | Apt Cathedral (Cathédrale Sainte-Anne d'Apt) is a Roman Catholic church and former cathedral located in the town of Apt in Provence, France now designated as a national monument.
The shrine is the relic church of Saint Anne. Once a former cathedral, it was the seat of the Bishop of Apt until the French Revolution. Under the Concordat of 1801, the diocese was divided between the Dioceses of Avignon and Digne.
Pope Pius IX granted a Pontifical decree of coronation towards its venerated Marian image through the Archbishop of Avignon, Monsigneur Louis Anne Dubreil on 9 September 1877. The white marble image depicting a child Blessed Virgin Mary is notable for having been a late creation of the renowned religious sculptor, Giovanni Maria Benzoni.
History
The cathedral is believed to have been built on the site where Saint Auspice was buried. Tradition holds that Auspice became the custodian of the relics of Saint Anne, which it is said he placed in a subterranean grotto to protect them from desecration by the barbarians. The church became a pilgrimage site. Anne of Austria came there in 1623. The church was the ecclesiastical seat of the diocese of Apt, until the diocese was dissolved in 1801.
Architecture
The cathedral combines a variety of architectural styles from Romanesque to Baroque. The lower crypt is part of the original 1st-century Roman building, used as a place of worship as early as the Carolingian era, and consists of a corridor leading to a vault where, according to local legend, Saint Anne's veil was found.
The upper crypt dates back to about 1056 and consists of a small nave (around 8 metres or 26 feet) and an apse.
See also
Veil of St. Anne
Vgo (stone mason)
References
External links
Location
Former cathedrals in France
Churches in Vaucluse
Basilica churches in France
Roman Catholic cathedrals in France
Church buildings with domes | [
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10394189 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20the%20Syrian | Michael the Syrian | Michael the Syrian (),(), died 1199 AD, also known as Michael the Great () or Michael Syrus or Michael the Elder, to distinguish him from his nephew, was a patriarch of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1166 to 1199. He is best known today as the author of the largest medieval Chronicle, which he wrote in the Syriac language. Some other works and fragments written by him have also survived.
Life
The life of Michael is recorded by Bar Hebraeus. He was born ca. 1126 in Melitene (today Malatya), the son of the Priest Eliya (Elias), of the Qindasi family. His uncle, the monk Athanasius, became bishop of Anazarbus in Cilicia in 1136.
At that period Melitene was part of the kingdom of the Turcoman Danishmend dynasty, and, when that realm was divided in two in 1142, it became the capital of one principality. In 1178 it became part of the Sultanate of Rûm. The Jacobite monastery of Mar Bar Sauma was close to the town, and had been the patriarchal seat since the 11th century.
As a child, Michael entered the service of the monastery, and became archimandrite before the age of thirty. He made various improvements to the abbey's infrastructure which include securing the abbey's water supply and strengthening of the Abbey's defenses against marauding bandits. On 18 October 1166 he was elected Patriarch of the Jacobite church, and consecrated in the presence of twenty-eight bishops.
In 1168 he made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and then stayed for a year at Antioch. Both towns were at the time part of the Latin crusader states, and Michael established excellent relations with the crusader lords, especially with Amaury de Nesle, Latin patriarch of Jerusalem. Returning to the monastery of Mar Bar Sauma in the summer of 1169, he held a synod and attempted to reform the church, then tainted with simony.
The Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenos made approaches to him to negotiate a reunion of the churches. But Michael did not trust the Greeks. He refused to go to Constantinople when invited by the emperor, and even refused twice, in 1170 and 1172, to meet his envoy Theorianus, instead sending as his own representative bishop John of Kaishoum and then his disciple Theodore bar Wahbun. In three successive letters to the emperor, he replied with a simple statement of the miaphysite creed of the Jacobites.
Around 1174 Michael had to contend with a revolt by a party of bishops. He himself was twice arrested at the instigation of the dissident bishops, so he says; once by the servants of the prefect of Mardin and the second time by those of the emir of Mosul. Also the monks of Bar Sauma rebelled against him in 1171 and 1176.
Between 1178 and 1180 he resided again in the crusader states, at Antioch and Jerusalem. He was invited by Pope Alexander III to attend the Third Council of the Lateran, but declined. However he did participate by letter, writing a long treatise on the Albigensians, based on the information he had been given.
In 1180 his former pupil Theodore bar Wahbun had himself elected patriarch at Amida under the name of John by certain malcontent bishops, beginning a schism which lasted for thirteen years. Michael took energetic action, got hold of the anti-patriarch and locked him up at Bar Sauma and formally deposed him. Some of monks allowed Ibn Wahbon to escape, who fled to Damascus and tried in vain to appeal to Saladin. He then went to Jerusalem, and, after the fall of the city in 1187, went to Rumkale with the Armenian catholicos Gregory IV, who allowed him to obtain official recognition from Prince Leo II of Armenian Minor. Theodore had many supporters, and the schism did not end until the death of Theodore in the summer of 1193. According to Bar Hebraeus Theodore could write and speak in Syriac, Greek, Armenian and Arabic, and composed a statement of his case against Michael in Arabic.
In 1182, Michael received the sultan Kilij Arslan II at Melitene, and held cordial talks with him.
Michael was also involved in the Egyptian controversy over the doctrine of confession, and supported Pope Mark III of Alexandria in the excommunication of Mark Ibn Kunbar.
He died at the monastery of Bar Sauma on 7 November 1199 at the age of seventy-two, having been patriarch for thirty-three years. His nephew, Michael the Younger, known as Yeshti' Sephethana [Syriac ܝܸܫܬ݂' ܣܸܦܗܸܬܗܲܢܲ] or "Big-lips", became anti-patriarch at Melitene from 1199 to 1215, in opposition to Athanasius IX and then John XIV.
Works
Michael was a profuse author. He wrote works on the liturgy, on the doctrine of the Oriental Orthodox (Jacobite) church, and on canon law. Numerous sermons have also survived, mostly unpublished. But he is best known for the World Chronicle that he composed, the longest and richest surviving chronicle in the Syriac language.
The Chronicle
This Chronicle runs from Creation up to Michael's own times. It uses earlier ecclesiastical histories, some of them now lost; for instance, its coverage of the Late Antique period relies mainly upon Dionysius of Tel Mahre. It includes a version of the Testimonium Flavianum.
The work is extant in a single manuscript written in 1598 in Syriac, in Serto script. This was copied from an earlier manuscript, itself copied from Michael's autograph. The manuscript is today held in a locked box in a church in Aleppo, and recently became accessible to scholarship. French scholar Jean-Baptiste Chabot arranged for a copy to be made by hand in 1888 and published a photographic reproduction in four volumes (1899–1910), with a French translation. In 2009, the facsimile of Edessan-Aleppo codex was published by Gorgias Press in the first volume (edited by Mor Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim) of a series on the Chronicle of Michael the Great. A digital facsimile is also available in vHMML Reading Room.
Chronicle contains valuable historical data on Christian communities of the Near East, and their relations with other communities in the region. It also contains data on local culture, languages and various peoples. Those question have been of particular interest for researches who are studying complex questions related to historical development of religious, linguistic and ethnic identities of local Christian communities. Michael himself noted in the appendix of his Chronicle:
An abbreviated Armenian translation of the Chronicle also exists, from which Victor Langlois published a French translation in 1868. This alone preserves the preface of the work. A shorter Armenian version also exists which has not been published.
A Garshuni version is also extant in British Library ms. Orient. 4402, and an Arabic version beginning with book 5 exists in a Vatican manuscript.
As secondary witnesses: Bar Hebraeus, pseudo-Jacob, and Maribas the Chaldean all rely upon Michael's work.
Points of interest
His work has been used by NASA scientists because of his record of climatic changes, now known to be linked to volcano eruptions. He records that in 536 AD:
And in 626 AD:
He is a contemporary source for the Latin crusader states, and records the tolerance and liberalism of the Catholic Franks towards the miaphysites:
He also praises the Templars and Hospitallers to his own people:
References
Sources
Gregorios Y. Ibrahim (ed.), Text and Translations of the Chronicle of Michael the Great. The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great, Vol. 1, Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press (2009).
External links
French translation of Armenian version of the Chronicle
English translation of preface to the Chronicle
Robert Bedrosian, Michael the Syrian - English translation of Armenian version of the Chronicle of Michael the Syrian.
NASA scientists and Michael the Syrian
Michael I Rabo
1199 deaths
1126 births
People from Malatya
Middle Eastern chronicles
Chronologists
Syrian archbishops
12th-century Syriac Orthodox Church bishops
12th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops | [
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68116930 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylorville%20Tailors | Taylorville Tailors | The Taylorville Tailors was the initial moniker of the minor league baseball teams based in Taylorville, Illinois between 1907 and 1911. Taylorville teams played as members of the Class D level Eastern Illinois League from 1907 to 1908 and Illinois-Missouri League in 1911.
History
Minor league baseball began in Taylorville, when the 1907 Taylorville Tailors became charter members of the Eastern Illinois League, which formed under league president L. A. G. Shoaff as a six–team Class D level league. The 1908 Spalding Guide indicated the league was founded in Pana, Illinois and the league's "godfather" was Joe Adams, also known as "Old Wagon Tongue," who would later manage the 1911 Taylorville team. In 1907 the league teams had a salary limit of $600 for their rosters. The Centralia White Stockings, Charleston Broom Corn Cutters, Mattoon Giants, Pana Coal Miners and Shelbyville Queen Citys joined Taylorville as charter members of the league.
After beginning league play on May 12, 1907, the Taylorville Tailors finished the 1907 Eastern Illinois League season in 3rd place in the six–team league. The Tailors finished with a 60–58 record under managers Phil Ketter and Billy Ryan. Ketter led the Eastern Illinois league in hitting (.284) and in hits with 111. Taylorville finished 14.0 games behind the 1st place Mattoon Giants in the final Eastern Illinois League standings.
Taylorville continued play in the 1908 Eastern Illinois League, but the league folded during the season. An evangelical movement led by former major league player Billy Sunday promoted a ballot item on April 7, 1908 that sought to abolish alcohol in the region. After the election, six of the Eastern Illinois League’s eight franchise cities voted to become dry and the league began to suffer financially, as Sunday games and support from saloons were eliminated. Affected by finances, the Charleston Evangelists and Mattoon Giants folded on June 30, 1908, leaving six teams. On July 17, 1908, the Pana Coal Miners relocated to Linton, Indiana and the Danville Speakers moved to Staunton, Illinois in efforts to remain viable. On August 20, 1908, the Shelbyville franchise folded and the Eastern Illinois League permanently folded on the same date. Playing under managers Walter Diehl and Billy Ryan, Taylorville was in 2nd place with a 56–39 record, 10.5 games behind the 1st place Staunton team when the league permanently folded.
Taylorville returned a team to minor league baseball when the Taylorville Christians began play after joining the 1911 Illinois-Missouri League. The Christians finished with a 47–82 record to place 6th in the six–team league. Taylorville finished 27.0 games behind the 1st place Clinton Champs under managers Fred Donovan, Joe Adams and Oscar Denny.
The Taylorville franchise did not return to the Illinois-Missouri league in 1912. Taylorville, Illinois has not hosted another minor league team.
Ballpark
The name of the Taylorville home minor league ballpark is not referenced. It is noted that since the late 1850's, the Manners Park area has served as a public park in Taylorville. Manners Park is still in use today as a public park.
Timeline
Year-by-year records
Notable alumni
Coonie Blank (1911)
Fred Donovan (1911)
Elmer Johnson (1908)
Phil Ketter (1907, MGR)
Art Phelan (1908)
Ray Schalk (1911)
See also
Taylorville Tailors playersTaylorville Christians players
References
External references
Baseball Reference Bullpen
Defunct minor league baseball teams
Defunct baseball teams in Illinois
Baseball teams established in 1907
Baseball teams disestablished in 1908
Eastern Illinois League teams
Christian County, Illinois | [
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29155200 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fencing%20at%20the%201956%20Summer%20Olympics%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20sabre | Fencing at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's sabre | The men's sabre was one of seven fencing events on the fencing at the 1956 Summer Olympics programme. It was the thirteenth appearance of the event. The competition was held on 5 December 1956. 35 fencers from 17 nations competed. Nations had been limited to three fencers each since 1928. The event was won by Rudolf Kárpáti, the seventh of nine straight Games in which a Hungarian would win the event. Jerzy Pawłowski of Poland took silver and Lev Kuznetsov of the Soviet Union took bronze, the first medals in the event for each nation and the first time since 1924 that any nation other than Hungary and Italy earned a medal in the men's sabre.
Background
This was the 13th appearance of the event, which is the only fencing event to have been held at every Summer Olympics. Four of the nine finalists from 1952 returned: gold medalist (and 1948 bronze medalist) Pál Kovács of Hungary, silver medalist (and 1948 gold and 1936 bronze medalist) Aladár Gerevich of Hungary, fourth-place finisher Gastone Darè of Italy, and sixth-place finisher Jacques Lefèvre of France. The last three world champions were on the heavily favored Hungarian team: 1953 champion Kovács (who had also won in 1937), 1954 champion Rudolf Kárpáti, and 1955 champion Gerevich (also in 1935 and 1951).
Colombia, Indonesia, and Luxembourg each made their debut in the men's sabre; East and West Germany competed together as the United Team of Germany. Italy made its 11th appearance in the event, most of any nation (surpassing Denmark, which missed the men's sabre event for the first time since competing in 1908), having missed the inaugural 1896 event and the 1904 St. Louis Games.
Competition format
The competition used a pool play format, with each fencer facing the other fencers in the pool in a round robin. Bouts were to 5 touches. Barrages were used to break ties necessary for advancement (touches against were the first tie-breaker used to give ranks when the rank did not matter). However, only as much fencing was done as was necessary to determine advancement, so some bouts never occurred if the fencers advancing from the pool could be determined. The 12 fencers from the top four teams in the team sabre event received a bye in the first round.
Round 1: There 4 pools of between 5 and 6 fencers each. The top 4 fencers in each pool advanced to the quarterfinals.
Quarterfinals: There were 4 pools of 7 fencers each. The top 4 fencers in each quarterfinal advanced to the semifinals.
Semifinals: There were 2 pools of 8 fencers each. The top 4 fencers in each semifinal advanced to the final.
Final: The final pool had 8 fencers.
Schedule
All times are Australian Eastern Standard Time (UTC+10)
Results
Round 1
The top 4 fencers in each pool advanced to the quarterfinals. Fencers from the four teams that advanced to the final of the men's team sabre event received byes through round 1:
France: Claude Gamot, Jacques Lefèvre, and Jacques Roulot
Hungary: Aladár Gerevich, Rudolf Kárpáti, and Pál Kovács
Poland: Marian Kuszewski, Jerzy Pawłowski, and Wojciech Zabłocki
Soviet Union: Yevhen Cherepovsky, Lev Kuznetsov, and Yakov Rylsky
Pool 1
Barrage
Pool 2
Pool 3
Barrage
Pool 4
Barrage
Quarterfinals
The top 4 fencers in each pool advanced to the semifinals.
Quarterfinal 1
Quarterfinal 2
Barrage
Quarterfinal 3
Quarterfinal 4
Barrage
Semifinals
The top 4 fencers in each pool advanced to the final.
Semifinal 1
Semifinal 2
Final
Barrage
References
Sabre men
Men's events at the 1956 Summer Olympics | [
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] |
15737039 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagraulet-du-Gers | Lagraulet-du-Gers | Lagraulet-du-Gers is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.
Geography
The Auzoue flows north through the middle of the commune.
Population
See also
Communes of the Gers department
References
Communes of Gers | [
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23968990 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta%20Junction%20Airport | Delta Junction Airport | Delta Junction Airport is a public use airport located in and owned by Delta Junction, a city in the Southeast Fairbanks Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.
As per Federal Aviation Administration records, the airport had 252 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, and 350 enplanements in 2010.
Facilities and aircraft
Delta Junction Airport covers an area of 80 acres (32 ha) at an elevation of 1,150 feet (351 m) above mean sea level. It has two runways: 7/25 is 2,500 by 60 feet (762 x 18 m) with a gravel surface and 13/31 is 1,600 by 60 feet (488 x 18 m) with a dirt surface. There are 16 aircraft based at this airport: 94% single-engine and 6% multi-engine.
Airline and destinations
The following airline offers scheduled passenger service at this airport:
See also
Allen Army Airfield at
References
External links
Aerial photo as of June 1999 from USGS The National Map
Airports in the Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska | [
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] |
10675370 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Domino%20Principle | The Domino Principle | The Domino Principle is a 1977 neo-noir thriller film starring Gene Hackman, Candice Bergen, Mickey Rooney and Richard Widmark. The film is based on the novel of the same name and was adapted for the screen by its author Adam Kennedy. It was directed and produced by Stanley Kramer.
Kramer wrote in his memoirs that he "wouldn't be surprised" if Hackman, Bergen and Widmark "would prefer to remain as anonymous as the conspirators" in the film, adding "if I'm right, it's a feeling I share."
Plot
Roy Tucker (Gene Hackman), serving time for the murder of his wife's first husband, is approached in prison by a man named Tagge (Richard Widmark) on behalf of a mysterious organization with an offer: in exchange for helping him escape and start a new life, Tucker must work for the organization for a few weeks. Following his escape with cellmate Spiventa (Mickey Rooney), whom the organization immediately kills, Tucker flies to Puntarenas, Costa Rica where he is reunited with his wife Ellie (Candice Bergen). After a few idyllic days, the organization's Tagge, Pine (Edward Albert) and General Reser (Eli Wallach) return them to Los Angeles. There, the details of his mission slowly unfold. He realizes that he is expected to assassinate someone and refuses. The organization retaliates by kidnapping his wife.
The next morning, Tucker fires on his target from a helicopter, but it is hit by return fire and crashes. Tucker and Reser escape but Tucker takes Pine hostage and demand a plane and the return of his wife. At the airstrip, Tucker tells Tagge that he deliberately fired short. Tagge reveals that he had two other shooters in place, including Tucker's supposedly murdered cellmate Spiventa, and Tagge's group has been manipulating Tucker for over a decade. Aboard the plane with Ellie, Tucker spots someone planting a toolbox in the back of Tagge's car. Unable to get the pilot to abort takeoff, Tucker watches helplessly as Tagge is blown up with his car. The couple return to Costa Rica where Tucker sees his new life dismantled as quickly as it was assembled: his false passport destroyed, his money taken and Ellie killed. Spiventa and Pine arrive to kill Tucker, but he gets the drop on them and dumps their bodies in the ocean. The film closes with a resolute Tucker vowing not to give in, unaware he is in the crosshairs of yet another assassin.
Cast
Gene Hackman as Tucker
Candice Bergen as Ellie
Richard Widmark as Tagge
Mickey Rooney as Spiventa
Edward Albert as Ross Pine
Eli Wallach as General Reser
Ken Swofford as Ditcher
Neva Patterson as Gaddis
Jay Novello as Captain Ruiz
Joseph V. Perry as Bowkemp
Majel Barrett as Mrs. Schnaible
Production
Development
The Domino Principle was based on the sixth novel by former actor Adam Kennedy. New American Library purchased the paperback rights for $250,000 and there was considerable interest in the film rights before publication. The novel came out in 1975. The Los Angeles Times praised the book's "power and originality". The New York Times praised Kennedy as "a fine writer who maintains suspense until the end."
In November 1975 Stanley Kramer announced he had purchased the rights for a reported $250,000. Kramer said the novel "is not only an exciting adventure but also stresses that such things could happen here."
In March 1976 Kramer announced he had signed a two picture deal with Lew Grade to make the film, the first of which was to be The Domino Principle with Gene Hackman and Candice Bergen, and the second of which was to be The Sheikhs of Araby, a comedy with Sid Caesar and Don Rickles. (That film would ultimately never be made.)
Kramer said he never identified who hired the assassin or their target because "that is not the point of the picture. The point I tried to make is that there are powerful, undetected forces that affect our destiny without even us suspecting they exist."
Filming
Filming took place in April and May 1976. On the first day of location filming in San Quentin Prison, a guard was stabbed by an inmate.
Hackman later said "we had a lot of problems on that film; I had arguments with Stanley Kramer." Hackman later read a published diary written by Kramer during the making of the film which described Hackman's behavior on set. The actor called the diary "embarrassing but I have to say it was accurate. And he was probably right in his remarks about me. The film we were making just wasn't worth the difficulties I was giving him. The truth is I was in trouble on that film and I got scared."
In December 1976 Bergen said about the film, "thanks to Gene it turned out to be the best part I've ever done. I said, 'I have such a long way to go before I can become that woman, Gene. I just can't do it unless you help me.' He was incredibly generous with his time and energy, his enthusiasm and his outrageous skill. For the first time I took a risk and didn't rely on my looks." However Bergen later called the film "terrible" and said she only did it "because it gave me the chance to play an ordinary woman. I put on a sappy wig and wore sappy clothes and for once in my life I didn't look like Candice Bergen and they [the critics] creamed me for that saying I looked like Shelley Winters."
Reception
Critical response
The film opened to mostly negative reviews and lasted only two to three weeks in theaters, dooming Kramer's first attempt at directing a thriller.
Film critic Vincent Canby of The New York Times (which wasn't full of praise for the film) focused on the fact that the film's plot made no sense, noting at one point that when Hackman's character said "I've done a lot of bad things in my life, but I ain't going to do that" the question of "What is he not going to do?" was neither established nor answered.
The Variety Staff wrote in their review: "The Domino Principle is a weak and tedious potboiler starring Gene Hackman as a tool of mysterious international intrigue, and a barely recognizable Candice Bergen in a brief role as his perplexed wife. Stanley Kramer’s film contains a lot of physical and logistical nonsense."
James Monaco wrote that The Domino Principle don't do much but play with paranoia.
Box Office
According to Lew Grade, who helped finance the film, it "broke even."
"I'm told a lot of people didn't understand it," said Hackman later. "I didn't understand it either."
Release
The Domino Principle was released on VHS on January 1, 1998, by Avid Home Entertainment. The film was released on DVD on January 24, 2006, by Lionsgate Home Entertainment.
Legacy
Stanley Kramer and Kennedy were later going to reunite on an adaptation of Raise the Titanic! for Lew Grade, which replaced Araby as Kramer's second film under his deal with Grade. However Kramer left that project.
References
External links
1977 films
Films directed by Stanley Kramer
Films produced by Stanley Kramer
Films scored by Billy Goldenberg
American films
American political thriller films
Films based on American novels
1970s thriller drama films
ITC Entertainment films
Embassy Pictures films
American neo-noir films
1977 drama films | [
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5866978 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Daugherty | James Daugherty | James Henry Daugherty (June 1, 1889 in Asheville, North Carolina – February 21, 1974, in Boston, Massachusetts) was an American modernist painter, muralist, children's book author and illustrator.
Life
He lived in Indiana, Ohio, and at the age of 9 he moved to Washington, D.C., where he studied at the Corcoran School of Art.
Later, he went to London and studied under Frank Brangwyn. During World War I, he was commissioned to produce propaganda posters for various US Government agencies, including the United States Shipping Board.
Daugherty wrote and illustrated several children's books during his career, and his book Daniel Boone won the Newbery Medal. His book with Benjamin Elkin, Gillespie and the Guards, won the Caldecott Honor in 1957. He was also the author of Walt Whitman's America Selections and Drawings by James Daugherty.
Four huge murals by James Daugherty, entitled "The Spirit of Pageantry — Africa", "The Spirit of Drama — Europe", "The Spirit of Cinema — America", and "The Spirit of Fantasy — Asia" are located in the State Theatre which is part of the beautiful Playhouse Square theater district in downtown Cleveland, Ohio.
In September 2006, controversy erupted at Hamilton Avenue School, an elementary school in Greenwich, Connecticut, over Daugherty's depiction of the Bunker Hill hero and Connecticut native Israel Putnam in a mural commissioned by Public Works of Art Project for the town hall, and installed in the school in 1935. The mural was restored, and revealed a scene, filled with violent and richly colored imagery, including snarling animals, tomahawk-wielding American Indians and a half-naked General Putnam strapped to a burning stake. School officials objected to the violent imagery and ordered the mural removed to the Greenwich Public Library.
References
Citations
Biographical Sketch. University of Minnesota. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
Newbery Medal and Honor Books, 1922–Present. American Library Association. Retrieved July 7, 2006.
External links
The Société Anonyme: Modernism for America, Yale Gallery
Heroic America: James Daugherty's Mural Drawings from the 1930s
WPA Mural Studies
"The Mural in the Gym", Collecting Children's Books, November 3, 2009
1889 births
1974 deaths
Newbery Medal winners
American children's book illustrators
20th-century American painters
American male painters
Artists from Asheville, North Carolina
Painters from North Carolina
American muralists
Public Works of Art Project artists
Federal Art Project artists
Treasury Relief Art Project artists | [
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27588201 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trayan%20Trayanov | Trayan Trayanov | Trayan Trayanov (; born 3 August 1987) is a Bulgarian football defender who plays for Chernomorets Balchik.
Career
Septemvri Sofia
On 14 June 2017, Trayanov joined Septemvri Sofia following his release from Cherno More. He made his debut for the team on 17 July 2017 in a match against Dunav Ruse where he was sent off in the 63rd minute.
He was released from the team on 21 December 2017.
Honours
Club
Cherno More
Bulgarian Supercup: 2015
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
People from Vratsa
Bulgarian footballers
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
FC Botev Krivodol players
PFC Vidima-Rakovski Sevlievo players
FC Botev Vratsa players
PFC Svetkavitsa players
Neftochimic Burgas players
PFC Chernomorets Burgas players
FC Lokomotiv 1929 Sofia players
PFC Cherno More Varna players
FC Septemvri Sofia players
FC Chernomorets Balchik players
Association football defenders | [
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