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Regarding pericardial tamponade, which of the following statements is incorrect? | For non-traumatic or non-mechanical pericardial tamponade, norepinephrine should be considered first in treatment. |
Regarding the clinical manifestations and management of varicella-zoster virus, which of the following statements is correct? | The chickenpox rash extends from the face and scalp to the trunk and limbs. There are more lesions in the covered areas of the body than in the exposed areas, and the rash changes in each stage can be seen at the same time. Smallpox rash is distributed centrifugally, and the rash evolves regularly and uniformly. |
Regarding the concept of traumatic hemorrhagic shock and infusion, which of the following is most appropriate? | When a large amount of transfusion is required, red blood cells, plasma, and platelets should be given as soon as possible, and large amounts of crystalloid (crystalloid) transfusion should be avoided. |
Regarding thyroid storm, which of the following statements is incorrect? | From uncomplicated hyperthyroidism to thyroid storm, free T4, T4 and T3 will all increase significantly. |
Regarding trauma in the elderly, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Head trauma, the elderly have a higher chance of epidural hemorrhage than the general population. |
Regarding the management of gastrointestinal bleeding, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Sengstaken-Blakemore tube (SB tube) is no longer recommended for the treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding due to too many complications. |
Regarding chest trauma, rib and scapula fractures, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Fractures of ribs 1 to 3 are easily associated with injuries to large blood vessels or thoracic spinal cord, and the mortality rate is about 10%. |
Regarding alcohol withdrawal syndrome, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Changes in consciousness are mainly drowsiness. |
Regarding the management of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, which of the following statements is incorrect? | In places where no drugs are available, carotid sinus massage for PSVT patients should be performed on the right side to avoid severe right hemiplegia in the event of a stroke. |
Which of the following statements about hydrofluoric acid is incorrect? | Hydrofluoric acid is a weak acid in comparison. It dissociates hydrogen ions approximately 1,000 times slower than strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, so it is less likely to cause chemical burns. |
Regarding ophthalmic emergencies, which of the following statements is correct? | The most common location of orbital blow-out fracture is the orbital floor. |
Regarding the diagnosis and management of dengue fever, which of the following statements is correct? | Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are both vector insects. The former likes to live indoors, while the latter mostly lives outdoors. |
Regarding abdominal aortic aneurysm, which of the following statements is incorrect? | If the aorta is ruptured and hypotension occurs, a large amount of blood and fluids should be transfused actively to restore the blood pressure to normal, and the prognosis of the operation will be better. |
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding blunt abdominal trauma? | Diaphragm injuries are more common on the right side. |
Regarding pleural fluid examination for empyema, which laboratory data are most supportive, except which of the following? | The white blood cell count of the pleural fluid is greater than 10,000/mm 3 . |
A 6-year-old girl weighing about 30 kilograms was drowsy and short of breath when her family brought her to the emergency room. The blood pressure is 80/40 mmHg, the heartbeat is 130 beats/min, and the blood sugar is 500 mg/dL. The emergency physician assesses that there is 10% dehydration. Regarding treatment and prognosis, which of the following statements is wrong? | Moderate saline infusion, bicarbonate and regular insulin supplementation can reduce the occurrence of cerebral edema. |
Regarding trauma to pregnant women, which of the following statements is incorrect? | It is generally appropriate for pregnant women to raise their left side when lying down. |
Regarding traumatic diaphragmatic rupture, which of the following statements is incorrect? | For minor diaphragmatic injuries, the diagnostic rate of computed tomography is high. |
Regarding scratches and bites from suspected rabid animals, which of the following statements is incorrect? | For those who are not immunocompromised, administer rabies immune globulin when the exposure level is Category 2. |
Regarding shock, the human body uses a compensatory mechanism formed by an autonomic response to increase blood flow to important organs. Which of the following statements is wrong? | Reduce the release of vasoactive hormones, such as dopamine, epinephrine, etc. |
Regarding aeromedical transportation, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Use helicopters to transport patients by air. Patients with impaired consciousness should consider placing a nasogastric tube to reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia. If tracheal intubation is intubated, the cuff pressure before boarding should be kept at the highest limit. |
Which statement regarding the administration of bicarbonate (HCO₃-) to treat metabolic acidosis is incorrect? | The treatment goal is to maintain HCO₃- > 15 mEq/L in the body. |
Regarding genitourinary trauma, which of the following statements is incorrect? | The degree of hematuria is directly proportional to the severity of the injury. |
Regarding spontaneous tendon rupture, which of the following statements is incorrect? | All patients with Achilles tendon rupture require surgical treatment. |
Regarding the drug amiodarone, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Metabolized by the liver and excreted by the kidneys. |
A patient with a history of overseas travel comes to the emergency department with fever. Which of the following statements is wrong? | Among confirmed cases of important infectious diseases imported from overseas, malaria accounts for the highest proportion. |
Which of the following indicators is most suitable for evaluating the effectiveness of a pre-hospital ambulance system for patients with cardiac arrest (Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, OHCA)? | Rate of survival to hospital discharge from OHCA cases in which the bystander-witnessed heart rhythm was initially detected as ventricular fibrillation. |
According to the recommendations of the 2013 New England Journal of Medicine and the 2014 U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Traveler Health Yellow Book, which of the following is incorrect regarding the treatment of high altitude illness? | Patients with uremia do not need to adjust the dosage when using Acetazolamide (Diamox). |
A mother and daughter, aged 44 and 15 years old respectively, both began to experience symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, drooping eyelids, muscle weakness, difficulty swallowing and breathing 2 days ago. Both were admitted to the intensive care unit for further treatment due to respiratory failure. I would like to ask, which of the following diagnoses is most consistent with the clinical manifestations of this mother and daughter? | Botulism. |
In a sudden gas explosion incident, the casualty examiner has completed the initial examination of injuries. You (you) are the first medical personnel to arrive at the scene to provide support and are assigned the task of conducting secondary examination of injuries. According to START (Simple Triage And Rapid Treatment), which of the following patient classifications is wrong? | 34-year-old female, short of breath, black carbon particles attached to her mouth and nose, unconscious: yellow. |
Common causes of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester, excluding which of the following? | Placenta previa. |
When poisoning with the following substances, which antidote pairing is the most inappropriate? | Azide: Sodium thiosulfate. |
Which of the following statements about the public CPR+AED textbook published by the Ministry of Health and Welfare is wrong? | The biggest difference between the teaching process of the three-level textbook and the professional version is that artificial respiration is not taught. |
Which of the following statements about febrile neutropenia in cancer patients after chemotherapy is incorrect? | The physical examination should include the patient's oral cavity and perianal area, and a digital anal examination should be performed before antibiotic administration. |
Which of the following wounds is susceptible to tetanus-prone infection? | Second degree burns. |
Which of the following is not an internationally recognized Class A biological warfare agent for bioterrorism? | Hanta virus. |
Which of the following will not cause human-to-human transmission? | Inhalational Anthrax. |
Which of the following statements about various types of necrotizing fasciitis is incorrect? | Malignant otitis externa is a necrotizing infection that occurs in the external auditory canal, mastoid of the temporal bone, and skull base. The main pathogenic bacteria is Streptococcus pneumoniae. |
Which of the following statements about pneumonia and pathogenic bacteria is incorrect? | MRSA, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionella are common pneumonia pathogens in nursing home residents. |
Which of the following sick children with fever (body temperature ≧38°C) has the highest chance of suffering from severe bacterial infection? | A 2-month-old boy with no other related symptoms and white blood cells of 20,000/µL. |
For acute myocardial infarction combined with psychogenic shock, which of the following treatments or drugs is inappropriate? | Captopril 25 mg orally. |
For the treatment of acute stroke, which of the following statements is inappropriate? | According to the current domestic treatment process, it is recommended to perform a computed tomography scan within 30 minutes of arriving at the emergency department and interpret the CT results within 45 minutes. |
A pregnant woman with a history of asthma who is 26 weeks pregnant goes to the emergency room for dyspnea. Which of the following statements is wrong? | Systemic corticosteroids are not recommended for pregnant women with acute asthma attacks. |
Regarding the characteristics of organophosphorus pesticide preparations, which of the following statements is incorrect? | This type of organophosphorus pesticide has low fat solubility and has a garlic smell. |
Regarding ectopic pregnancy, which of the following statements is incorrect? | This type of organophosphorus pesticide has low fat solubility and has a garlic smell. |
Which of the following statements about salicylate poisoning is incorrect? | To accurately assess the severity, it is recommended to measure the blood concentration, compare the taking time, and use Done nomogram to judge. |
Regarding transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), which of the following statements is incorrect? | TRALI Diuretics should be given aggressively because of pulmonary edema. |
Regarding blunt chest trauma in adults, which of the following statements is incorrect? | For patients with blunt cardiac injury, blood testing for Troponin I is more useful than electrocardiography for emergency clinical judgment and treatment. |
Regarding spinal cord injury in adults, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Anterior cord syndrome: Proprioception and vibration will be lost below the injured area. |
Which statement about central nervous system infection is wrong? | If bacterial meningitis is suspected, antibiotic treatment should be started after the lumbar puncture is completed and the cerebrospinal fluid specimen is collected. |
Regarding the comparison of typical symptoms of common causes of fatal chest pain and the evaluation of acute coronary artery disease, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Acute stroke or subarachnoid hemorrhage will not cause an increase in Troponin. |
Regarding compartment syndrome, which of the following statements is correct? | Tibial fractures are a common site, but compartment syndrome can also occur in the hands. |
Regarding neck injury, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Physical examination revealed expanding hematoma and Stridor/Hoarseness, both of which are Hard signs of neck trauma. |
Regarding preventing the occurrence of decompression illness, which of the following statements is correct? | Add more water after diving. |
Regarding the description of Glyphosate pesticide poisoning, which of the following is incorrect? | The main mechanism of toxicity is related to the sugars and phosphorus contained in it. |
Regarding emergencies during pregnancy, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Pregnant women who develop eclampsia should immediately use benzodiazepine drugs to control seizure. |
Regarding rhabdomyolysis, which of the following statements is incorrect? | The diagnostic criteria for rhabdomyolysis are that the CK value in plasma is greater than 10 times the upper limit of normal value after determining that there is no damage to the heart or brain. |
Regarding patient selection in air medicine, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Air medical evacuation is not suitable for pregnant women with heart disease who suffer from premature birth or early water rupture. |
Regarding the description and management of pelvic fractures, which of the following is incorrect? | For patients with hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures, angiography should be arranged as soon as possible and embolization treatment should be performed. (C) The mechanisms of pelvic fracture include anterior posterior compression, lateral compression and vertical shear, of which lateral compression is the most common. |
Which statement about infective endocarditis is wrong? | All patients with infective endocarditis must receive anticoagulant therapy. |
Regarding the description of lithium poisoning, which of the following is incorrect? | In acute lithium poisoning, patients mainly present with neurological symptoms first, followed by gastrointestinal symptoms. |
Regarding trauma in the elderly, which of the following statements is incorrect? | With head trauma, the elderly have a higher chance of epidural hemorrhage than the average person. |
Which statement about epilepsy and epileptic complex states is wrong? | The anti-epileptic drug Phenytoin can be given in combination with a sugary drip or intramuscular injection. |
Regarding Herpes simplex encephalitis, which of the following statements is incorrect? | CT or MRI imaging often shows frontal lobe lesions. |
Regarding migraine treatment drugs, which of the following statements is incorrect? | Opioids are best used in patients with chronic and recurring migraines. |
Which of the following statements about Tetanus is incorrect? | Penicillin injection is recommended after debridement to treat systemic tetanus infection. |
Regarding Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, which of the following is incorrect? | If the patient is intubated and requires muscle relaxants, depolarizing muscle relaxants are preferred over non-depolarizing muscle relaxants. |
Which of the following statements is wrong about what causes peripheral vertigo? | Migraine. |
According to the CURB-65 score, which of the following is not a risk factor for severe community pneumonia? | Body temperature ≥ 39 ℃. |
According to the American College of Emergency Physicians guidelines and The San Francisco Syncope Rule, which of the following 5 syncope patients with initially unknown causes is less likely to require hospitalization? | Blood creatinine 5 mg/dl. |
According to the 2012 North American Emergency Response Guidebook, which of the following statements regarding chemical disaster events is incorrect? | The so-called Initial Isolation Zone refers to the area where people upwind may be exposed to lethal concentrations of hazardous chemicals. |
According to the 2010 AHA guidelines for CPR and ECC, ST-segment elevation complies with STEMI standards, except which of the following? | For men younger than 40 years old, J-point elevation exceeds 0.15 mV (1.5 mm) at leads V2 and V3. |
Regarding the management of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock, according to the latest 2012 International Guidelines for Management of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock (2012), which of the following statements is correct? | For patients with no tissue hypoperfusion, severe hypoxia, acute bleeding, or myocardial hypoxic infarction after infusion therapy, the patient's hemoglobin is recommended to be maintained at 7 to 9 g/dL. |
In patients with pulmonary embolism, which of the following are the indications for injecting fibrinolytic agents? | Systolic blood pressure is less than 90 mmHg. (E) Chest pain and 12 leads EKG changes in S1Q3T3 pattern. |
A 10-year-old girl with blunt abdominal trauma was diagnosed with Grade III splenic laceration by computed tomography. Therefore, she was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit for close observation. Her vital signs are currently stable. Which of the following situations warrants immediate laparotomy for exploration? | Follow-up computed tomography due to abdominal pain revealed intraperitoneal free air. |
Which of the following statements about patients suspected of being infected with Ebola virus in China is wrong? | Patients are asked to go to the nearest epidemic prevention hospital for medical treatment. |
When the patient goes to the hospital for chest pain, his blood pressure is 155/95 mmHg, and his heartbeat is 65 beats/min. The electrocardiogram shows ST-segment elevation of lead V1-V3. The chest pain persists in the emergency department. At this time, the following treatments can be given. Which of the following is the most inappropriate? | Dobutamine 5 mcg/kg/min intravenously. (C)Morphine 3 mg intravenously. (D)NTG 0.6 mg administered sublingually. |
The patient has a history of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and complains of chest pain when he comes to the emergency room. Should the following treatments be considered first? | Propanolol 10 mg PO. |
An 8-year-old boy accidentally swallowed a brand-new button battery 3 hours ago. He was accompanied by his mother to the emergency room. Which of the following actions is wrong? | If the X-ray shows that the button battery is stuck in the esophagus, the foley balloon catheter technique should be tried first to remove the foreign body. |
An 80-year-old male nursing home resident was sent to the emergency room accompanied by a caregiver. He complained of unbearable itching all over his body in the middle of the night. His ear temperature was 37.0°C. Physical examination revealed multiple erythematous rashes and nail scratches on his lower abdomen, bilateral groin and back. , which of the following diseases is the most likely cause? | Scabies. |
An 8-year-old boy was hit by a car on the way to school. He rolled over and fell to the ground. He was sent to the emergency room by ambulance. His body temperature was 36.7°C, his breathing was 30 times/min, his heartbeat was 130 times/min, and his blood pressure was 80/65 mmHg. The patient is confused and unable to express himself. Which of the following statements about pediatric trauma first aid is incorrect? | Because children's chest wall bones are more elastic, tension pneumothorax (tension pneumothorax) is less likely to occur when a chest contusion occurs. |
A 78-year-old patient presented to the emergency department with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following statements about the contraindications to the use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is incorrect? | Respiratory rate > 25 breaths/min and use of accessory respiratory muscles. |
A 70-year-old male who has been smoking for a long time went to the emergency department with fever, cough and difficulty breathing. The patient also had body aches, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Vital signs were blood pressure 90/60 mmHg, respiration 30 times/min, heartbeat 130 times/min, body temperature 39°C, and blood oxygen saturation 90%. Chest X-ray showed bilateral pneumonia, and urine Legionella antigen test was positive. Which of the following statements about this disease is incorrect? | The first choice for treatment is third-generation Cephalosporin or Carbapenem antibiotics. |
A 65-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department complaining of sudden dyspnea, wheezing, and chest tightness. Physical examination showed that the breath sounds were bilaterally symmetrical without rales; there was no edema in both lower limbs. Heartbeat 120 beats/min, room air SpO₂ 93%. Her past medical history was breast cancer, surgery and chemotherapy; she was discharged from the hospital 2 weeks ago due to surgery for right hip fracture. You suspect that this patient is most likely to have a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following statements is wrong? | This patient's AaDO2 (Alveolar-arterial gradient) may decrease. (B) This patient's Well's score is 7 points. |
A 65-year-old female with a history of pancreatic cancer presented with swollen right foot for about 1 week. Which of the following statements is wrong? | Deep vein thrombosis cannot be diagnosed until thrombus is seen on ultrasound. |
A 65-year-old man fell and was cut by broken glass in the garden, and fell into a pile of branches and dirt. Which of the following statements is correct? | Wounds located on the thigh have a higher risk of wound infection than wounds located on the scalp. |
A 65-year-old male who smokes regularly and has a history of hypertension. A patient came to the emergency department complaining of hemilateral headache. The body temperature was 37°C, heart rate was 84 beats/min, breathing was 16 times/min, and blood pressure was 142/84 mmHg. Which of the following statements about the differential diagnosis of emergency headaches is correct? | If a patient has intensive attacks of unilateral headaches in a short period of time, combined with unilateral tearing and runny nose, cluster headache should be suspected. Such patients may have ptosis and miosis on the ipsilateral side. ) and other neurological symptoms. |
A 60-year-old man presented to the emergency department with dyspnea. His chest X-ray showed bilateral pleural hydrops. The laboratory analysis results of pleural effusion after diagnostic pleural puncture were as follows: pH 7.57, pleural fluid/serum lactate dehydrogenase ratio (LDH ratio) 0.4, pleural fluid/serum protein ratio (Protein ratio) 0.2, differential cell count WBC 133 cells/µL (65% of which are lymphocytes). Which of the following diagnoses is most appropriate? | Heart failure. |
A 5-year-old child weighing 20 kg was sent to the emergency room by ambulance for treatment due to status epilepticus (Status Epilepticus) accompanied by his mother. He complained of convulsions for 30 minutes. Which of the following statements is wrong? | If convulsions persist and the drip cannot be administered, Diazepam 2 mg should be administered anally. |
A 50-year-old man went to the emergency department complaining of right upper quadrant pain after lunch. His past medical history included diabetes and hypertension. Which of the following statements is incorrect? | The sensitivity and specificity of emergency ultrasound in diagnosing acute cholecystitis are only about 70%. |
A 50-year-old man went to the emergency department complaining of coughing up blood. Which of the following statements is incorrect? | Pulmonary embolism often causes massive coughing up of blood. |
A 48-year-old woman is being treated with Warfarin for deep venous thrombosis. She started to suffer from massive bilateral epistaxis 1 hour ago and could not stop the bleeding with direct compression. Her current blood pressure is 136/82 mmHg and her heartbeat is 110 beats/min. The blood test results revealed platelets. 170,000/µL, Hb 8 g/dL, Hct 23 %, INR 8, which of the following treatments is the least suitable? | Administer desmopressin acetate(ddAVP). |
A 47-year-old male patient was brought to the emergency department due to nausea and vomiting accompanied by shortness of breath after a drinking binge the day before yesterday. His vital signs were: body temperature 36.5°C, pulse 124 beats/min, respirations 26 breaths/min, blood pressure 103/61 mmHg, SpO₂ 100%, Test report: Arterial blood gas analysis: pH value 7.27, PCO₂ 25 mmHg, HCO₃- 11 mmol/L, blood glucose value 102 mg/dL, blood sodium concentration 142 mmol/L, blood potassium concentration 3.5 mmol/L, blood chloride concentration 106 mmol/L, serum ketones were positive. Which of the following statements is wrong? | In alcoholic ketoacidosis, in order to promote glucose utilization and reduce the production of keto acids from fat decomposition, insulin supplementation is required. |
A 40-year-old woman suffered from thyroid disease but did not follow up on her medication regularly. She was sent to the emergency department because of yellowish skin, lethargy, and difficulty breathing. After examination, it was found that the body temperature was 39.2°C, the blood pressure was 145/75 mmHg, and the pulse was irregular, about 145 beats/min. The electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate, and the chest X-ray revealed pulmonary edema on both sides. Based on the clinical manifestations, which of the following treatment statements is correct? | Glucocorticoids can inhibit the conversion of T4 to T3 and improve the survival rate of patients with thyroid storm. |
A 3-year-old child who was in good health in the past complained on behalf of his family that he had diarrhea and intermittent abdominal pain two days ago. He received intravenous infusion treatment in the emergency department of a community hospital. The condition did not improve, and he even began to have bloody stools. The parents observed that the child was crying frequently. It was requested to be transferred to the evacuation hospital for emergency treatment. The blood tests were as follows: WBC: 12,000/uL, Hb: 9 g/dL, PLT: 19,000/uL, glucose 75 mg/dL, BUN 50 mg/dL, Creatinine 5.5 mg/dL, AST 60 U/L, Na 125 mEq/L, K 4.8 mEq/L, which of the following is correct? | It is more likely that toxins damage the epidermis of the large intestinal mucosa and enter the bloodstream. |
A 38-year-old woman with a history of hyperthyroidism was sent to the emergency department with fever and asthma. During the examination, her vital signs were: body temperature 39.5°C, pulse 143 beats/min, respirations 24 breaths/min, blood pressure 108/59 mmHg, and SpO₂ 98%. The physical examination revealed that the patient had orthopnea (orthopnea) accompanied by edema of both lower limbs (pedal edema), the breath sounds on both sides had crackles (rales), and the electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia. Which of the following statements is wrong? | The patient's thyroid function can be tested to determine whether it is thyrotoxicosis or thyroid storm. |
A 35-year-old male patient came to the emergency department because he had a small amount of bloody stool this morning. After questioning, he had no history of abdominal pain or syncope. Regarding lower gastrointestinal bleeding, which of the following statements is wrong? | Glasgow-Blatchford Bleeding score is the only criterion for patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding to be discharged from the outpatient clinic for follow-up treatment. |
A 32-year-old woman had anemia due to chronic menorrhagia and had received many packed RBC transfusions. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction occurred during the last two transfusions. Her current Hb is 6.0 g/dL. After transfusion comparison (type and cross - match), which of the following methods can be used to reduce the possibility of recurrence of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction? | Leukocyte-reduced red blood cell transfusion. |
A 32-year-old woman was accidentally injured by ignited gunpowder while watching the National Day fireworks 4 hours ago. About 50% of her body surface area was blistered or charred black. The patient weighs 50 kgw, has a blood pressure of 110/89 mmHg, a heartbeat of 120 beats/min, and has an indwelling urinary catheter that has produced 100 ml of urine. He has been given 1,000 ml of lactated Ringer's solution since the injury. I would like to ask if he should receive it according to the Parkland formula. For a 4-hour infusion, how many ml should be given per hour? | 1,000 ml. |
A 32-year-old man went to the emergency department with complaints of pain in both eyes, photophobia, incessant tearing, and blurred vision. He is engaged in electric welding work. He developed this symptom after working for 8 hours without wearing goggles today. Which of the following medicines is most suitable for temporary pain relief? | Topical anesthetics. |