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You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Basketball) Men's basketball was first included at the Berlin 1936 Summer Olympics, although a demonstration tournament was held in 1904. The United States defeated Canada in the first final, played outdoors. This competition has usually been dominated by the United States, whose team has won all but three titles. The first of these came in a controversial final game in Munich in 1972 against the Soviet Union, in which the ending of the game was replayed three times until the Soviet Union finally came out on top. In 1950 the first FIBA World Championship for men, now known as the FIBA Document [1](Title: Basketball at the 1948 Summer Olympics) Basketball at the 1948 Summer Olympics Basketball at the 1948 Summer Olympics was the second appearance of the sport as an official medal event. A total number of 23 nations entered the competition. Olympic basketball returned to indoor competition in Harringay Arena, after the disastrous weather conditions of the final game in the 1936 Summer Olympics. For the team rosters see: "Basketball at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's team squads". Each country was allowed to enter one team of 14 players and they all were eligible for participation. A total of 298"(*)" basketball players from 23 nations competed at Document [2](Title: Polo at the 1936 Summer Olympics) Polo at the 1936 Summer Olympics Polo returned to the Olympic program at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, after not being contested at the 1928 Games or 1932 Games. The 1936 tournament was the last time that the sport was contested at the Olympic Games. Note: The International Olympic Committee medal database shows also only these players as medalists. They all played at least one match during the tournament. The reserve players are not listed as medalists. Each country was allowed to enter one team of 8 players and they all were eligible for participation. A total of 21"(*)" Document [3](Title: 1923 Women's World Games) not to include women's events in the 1924 Olympic Games. The games were attended by participants from 8 nations: Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Italy, Monaco, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The tournament was a huge promotion for women's sports. The athletes competed in 11 events: running (60 metres, 250 metres, 800 metres, 4 x 75 metres relay, 4 x 175 metres relay and hurdling 65 metres), high jump, long jump, javelin, shot put and Athletics pentathlon. The tournament also held exhibition events in basketball, gymnastics and rhythmic gymnastics. The tournament was held at the "Tir aux Pigeons" in the gardens Document [4](Title: Texas Longhorns women's basketball) 1936. She was the driving force behind the construction of a Women's Gymnasium (named in her honor after her death). While it was a substantial resource for women's athletics, it was designed to fit her beliefs—the courts were too small for a proper basketball game, and had no room for spectators and the swimming pool was deliberately shorter than Olympic length. While basketball was not officially supported as a school-sponsored sport in the 1920s and 30s, it was still played by many groups. The interclass games were de-emphasized, but fraternities and sororities played the game, as well as organizations such Document [5](Title: Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics) Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics was the first appearance of the sport as an official medal event . The tournament was played between 7 August and 14 August 1936 in Berlin , Germany . 21 nations entered the competition , making basketball the largest tournament of the team sports . Document [6](Title: Discontinued ISSF shooting events) Championships in 1958. This event was held at World Championships in 1958. This event was held at World Championships in 1949. This event was held at World Championships in 1949. This event was held at World Championships in 1947. This event was held at World Championships in 1947. This event was held at World Championships in 1931. This event was held at World Championships in 1947-1958. This event was held at World Championships in 1947-1958. This event was held at World Championships in 1929-1970. This event was held at World Championships in 1929-1958. This event was held at World Championships Document [7](Title: IAAF World Championships in Athletics) hosted separate from the Olympic Games (traditionally the main championship for the sport). A second limited event was held in 1980, and a major expansion in 1983 is considered the official start of the event. It was then held every four years until 1991, when it switched to a two year cycle. The idea of having an Athletics World Championships was around well before the competition's first event in 1983. In 1913, the IAAF decided that the Olympic Games would serve as the World Championships for athletics. This was considered suitable for over 50 years until in the late 1960s Question: when did basketball become a sport in the olympics Answer:

1936

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Battles of Lexington and Concord) angered and shocked the British soldiers. They crossed the bridge and returned to the town by 11:30 a.m., under the watchful eyes of the colonists, who continued to maintain defensive positions. The regulars continued to search for and destroy colonial military supplies in the town, ate lunch, reassembled for marching, and left Concord after noon. This delay in departure gave colonial militiamen from outlying towns additional time to reach the road back to Boston. Lieutenant Colonel Smith, concerned about the safety of his men, sent flankers to follow a ridge and protect his forces from the roughly 1,000 colonials now Document [1](Title: Joseph Warren) President of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress, the highest position in the revolutionary government. In mid-April 1775, Warren and Dr. Benjamin Church were the two top members of the Committee of Correspondence left in Boston. On the afternoon of April 18, the British troops in the town mobilized for a long-planned raid on the nearby town of Concord, and already before nightfall word of mouth had spread knowledge of the mobilization widely within Boston. It had been known to rebel leadership for weeks that General Gage in Boston had plans to destroy munitions stored in Concord by the colonials, and it Document [2](Title: Francis Smith (British Army officer)) his reinforcements became the rear guard and the flankers of the expedition while Smith's tired troops became the advance guard. In Menotomy, they came under further attack from freshly-arrived militiamen and had to clear several houses in further heavy fighting. It was not until Smith's men reached Charlestown, that the threat of attack ended. Militia from across New England had been alerted of the fighting at Lexington and Concord, but poured in too late to take part in the battle. They assembled outside Boston and blockaded the city, severing its land but not its sea connections. Although many were not Document [3](Title: Francis Smith (British Army officer)) a series of rapid route marches through the countryside to keep the troops physically active. Several minor confrontations and stand-offs occurred during these months, such as the Salem Incident, but had ended without bloodshed. Gage anticipated that Smith's march to Concord would be similar to these earlier expeditions and was unlikely to come under attack. The vast majority of the colony's inhabitants considered themselves loyal Britons and apart from a handful of hard-liners on both sides there was a strong desire to avoid the upheaval of civil war. Smith's departure was widely observed by Boston Whigs, and several messages were Document [4](Title: Battles of Lexington and Concord) About 700 British Army regulars in Boston , under Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith , were given secret orders to capture and destroy Colonial military supplies reportedly stored by the Massachusetts militia at Concord . Through effective intelligence gathering , Patriot leaders had received word weeks before the expedition that their supplies might be at risk and had moved most of them to other locations . On the night before the battle , warning of the British expedition had been rapidly sent from Boston to militias in the area by several riders , including Paul Revere and Samuel Prescott , with information about British plans . The initial mode of the Army 's arrival by water was signaled from the Old North Church in Boston to Charlestown using lanterns to communicate '' one if by land , two if by sea '' . Document [5](Title: Militia (United States)) fire. This became known as "the shot heard round the world". Eight militiamen were killed and ten wounded, whereupon the remainder took flight. The British continued on to Concord and were unable to find most of the arms and ammunition of the patriots. As the British marched back toward Boston, patriot militiamen assembled along the route, taking cover behind stone walls, and sniped at the British. At Meriam's Corner in Concord, the British columns had to close in to cross a narrow bridge, exposing themselves to concentrated, deadly fire. The British retreat became a rout. It was only with the Document [6](Title: Somerville, Massachusetts) response to the raid, amid rumors that blood had been shed, alarm spread through the countryside as far as Connecticut and beyond, and American Patriots sprang into action, fearing that war was at hand. Thousands of militiamen began streaming toward Boston and Cambridge, and mob action forced Loyalists and some government officials to flee to the protection of the British Army. This action provided a "dress rehearsal" for the Battles of Lexington and Concord seven months later in the famous "shot heard 'round the world", and inflamed already heated feelings on both sides, spurring actions by both British and American Document [7](Title: William Dawes) William Dawes William Dawes Jr. (April 6, 1745 – February 25, 1799) was one of several men and a woman in April 1775 who alerted colonial minutemen in Massachusetts of the approach of British army troops prior to the Battles of Lexington and Concord at the outset of the American Revolution. For some years, Paul Revere had the most renown for his ride of warning of this event. Dawes was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on April 6, 1745, to William and Lydia Dawes (née Boone), and baptized at Boston's Old South Church. He became a tanner and was active in Question: who started the battles of lexington and concord Answer:

British Army regulars

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: 2018 Michigan gubernatorial election) 2018 Michigan gubernatorial election The Michigan gubernatorial election of 2018 took place on November 6, 2018, to elect the next Governor of Michigan, concurrently with the election of Michigan's Class I U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. The filing deadline was April 24, 2018. The Republican, Democratic and Libertarian parties chose their nominees in a partisan primary on August 7, 2018. 2018 is the first year for the Libertarian Party to hold a gubernatorial primary Document [1](Title: 2010 Michigan elections) Michigan Constitutional Convention, Proposal 1 was defeated, meaning that the Michigan State Constitution will not be re-written. Many elections for county and city offices were also held on November 2, 2010. 2010 Michigan elections Elections were held in Michigan on Tuesday, November 2, 2010. Primary elections were held on August 3, 2010. All 15 of Michigan's seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election in 2010. Republican candidate Rick Snyder beat Democratic Party candidates Virg Bernero 58% to 40% to become Governor. Brian Calley was Snyder's running mate and was elected Lieutenant Governor. Republican candidate Ruth Document [2](Title: 2018 Michigan House of Representatives election) election by district: 2018 Michigan House of Representatives election An election was held on November 6, 2018 to elect all 110 members to Michigan's House of Representatives. The election coincided with elections for other offices, including U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, Governor and Senate. The primary election was held on August 7, 2018. Republicans retained control of the House, despite losing the popular vote, after a net loss of five seats, winning 58 seats compared to 52 seats for the Democrats. Under the Michigan Constitution, members of the state Senate are able to serve only two four-years terms, and Document [3](Title: Candice Miller) of the leading contenders for the Republican nomination in Michigan's 2018 gubernatorial election to succeed term-limited Republican incumbent Rick Snyder She ultimately passed on the race and announced on September 23, 2017, that she was endorsing Michigan Attorney General Bill Schuette, saying ' ... I think he's actually going to be the next governor." Miller's husband Donald Miller is a retired Circuit Court judge in the 16th Circuit Court for Macomb County. He was a fighter pilot, flew combat missions in Vietnam, commanded the Selfridge Air National Guard Base and retired from the Air National Guard as a Colonel. Their Document [4](Title: 2016 United States presidential election in Michigan) 2016 United States presidential election in Michigan The 2016 United States presidential election in Michigan was won by Donald Trump on November 8, 2016, with 47.50% of the total votes, over Hillary Clinton's 47.27%. All of Michigan's 16 Electoral Votes were assigned to Trump, contributing to his victory in the 2016 United States presidential election. Michigan's March 8, 2016 primary was an open primary that included the Democratic, and Republican parties. On November 24, 2016, Trump was declared the winner by the "Detroit Free Press". The votes were certified by each county and submitted to the Michigan Secretary of State. Document [5](Title: Political party strength in Michigan) Political party strength in Michigan The tables below indicate the political party affiliation of elected officials in the U.S. State of Michigan from statehood through March 2018. Officials listed include: Governors, Lieutenant Governors, Secretaries of State, Attorneys General and State Treasurers. The tables also indicate the historical party composition in the State Senate, State House of Representatives, the names and party affiliations of Michigan's U.S. Senators, and the party composition of Michigan's delegations to the U.S House of Representatives. For years in which a presidential election was held, the tables show which party's nominees received the State's electoral votes. The Document [6](Title: 1998 Michigan gubernatorial election) 1998 Michigan gubernatorial election The 1998 Michigan gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1998, to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of the state of Michigan. Incumbent Governor John Engler, a member of the Republican Party, was re-elected over Democratic Party nominee Geoffrey Fieger, a lawyer who had represented the assisted suicide advocate Jack Kevorkian. Engler, a two-term incumbent, faced token opposition in the Republican primary, winning re-nomination with 90 percent of the vote. Following Lt. Gov. Connie Binsfeld's decision to not seek a third term, State Senate Majority Leader Dick Posthumus received the GOP nomination for lieutenant governor. Document [7](Title: Michigan gubernatorial election, 2018) Michigan gubernatorial election , 2018 ← 2014 November 6 , 2018 2022 → Nominee Bill Schuette Gretchen Whitmer Bill Gelineau Party Republican Democratic Libertarian Running mate Lisa Posthumus Lyons Garlin Gilchrist II Angelique Thomas Incumbent Governor Rick Snyder Republican Question: who are the republican candidates running for governor in michigan Answer:

Bill Schuette

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: FIFA World Cup hosts) the top four at home. Only South Africa in 2010 managed to not go past the group stage. FIFA World Cup hosts Seventeen countries have been FIFA World Cup hosts in the competition's twenty tournaments since the inaugural World Cup in 1930. The organization at first awarded hosting to countries at meetings of FIFA's congress. The choice of location was controversial in the earliest tournaments, given the three-week boat journey between South America and Europe, the two centers of strength in football at the time. The decision to hold the first cup in Uruguay, for example, led to only four Document [1](Title: Germany at the FIFA World Cup) the FIFA World Cup, winning four titles, earning second-place and third-place finishes four times each and one fourth-place finish. If you consider 3rd place or better for a winning campaign, Germany's 12 victories in 19 tournaments add up to at least three more than any other nation. In addition, Germany are the only team which has stood on the podium (3rd place or better) every decade there was a tournament held—1930s, 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. Along with Argentina, Brazil and Spain, they are one of the four national teams to win outside their continental confederation, with Document [2](Title: Germany at the FIFA World Cup) Germany at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Germany and West Germany's results at the FIFA World Cup. The FIFA World Cup, sometimes called the Football World Cup, but usually referred to simply as the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the men's national teams of the members of FIFA, the sport's global governing body. The tournament consists of two parts, the qualification phase and the final phase (officially called the "World Cup Finals"). The qualification phase, which currently takes place over the three years going to the Finals, is used to determine Document [3](Title: Brazil national football team) experts and former players have considered the Brazil team of 1970 to be the greatest football team ever. Other Brazilian teams are also highly estimated and regularly appear listed among the best teams of all time, such as the Brazil teams of 1958–62, with honorary mentions for the gifted 1982 side. Brazil is the only national team to have won the World Cup on four different continents: once in Europe (1958 Sweden), once in South America (1962 Chile), twice in North America (1970 Mexico and 1994 United States) and once in Asia (2002 Korea/Japan). They share with France and Argentina Document [4](Title: South American nations at the FIFA World Cup) who won their groups: Brazil, Spain, Sweden and 1930 champions Uruguay, who were making their first World Cup appearance since winning the inaugural tournament. The World Cup winner would be the team that managed to finish on top of this group. The final group's six matches were shared between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. Brazil played all its final group matches at the Estádio do Maracanã in Rio while the games that didn't involve the host nation were played in São Paulo. Brazil won their first two matches with a 7–1 thrashing of Sweden and 6–1 rout of Spain. Document [5](Title: Germany national football team) 2014 (16 tournament editions), Germany always reached at least the stage of the last eight teams, before being eliminated in the group stage in 2018. Germany has also qualified for every one of the 18 World Cups for which it has entered – it did not enter the inaugural competition in Uruguay of 1930 for economic reasons, and could not qualify for or compete in the post-war 1950 World Cup as the DFB was reinstated as a FIFA member only two months after this tournament. Germany also has the distinction of having an Elo football rating of 2196 following their Document [6](Title: Germany national football team manager) 2014 FIFA World Cup, they were pitted alongside Portugal (4–0), Ghana (2–2) and the United States (1–0) in Group G. They reached the final, for a record eighth time and after twelve years, since 2002, after eliminating Algeria (2–1 after extra time), France (1–0) and a historic win against Brazil (7–1) in the knockout stage. In the final, Germany defeated Argentina with 1–0 in extra time, winning their fourth title, the first since 1990. Germany national football team manager The Germany national football team manager (German: "Bundestrainer", literally 'Federal Coach' or 'Association Coach') is a position created in 1926 and Document [7](Title: FIFA World Cup) FIFA World Cup Founded 1930 ; 87 years ago ( 1930 ) Region International ( FIFA ) Number of teams 32 ( finals ) 211 ( eligible to enter qualification ) Related competitions FIFA Confederations Cup Current champions Germany ( 4th title ) Most successful team ( s ) Brazil ( 5 titles ) Television broadcasters List of broadcasters Website www.fifa.com/worldcup/ 2018 FIFA World Cup Question: who has won the most football world cups Answer:

Brazil

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Bruce Hornsby) his first entirely live solo album, simply titled "Solo Concerts," in August 2014. Hornsby's touring band lineup underwent extensive changes between 1998 and 2000 as well, with longtime drummer John Molo joining former Grateful Dead bassist Phil Lesh in his band Phil Lesh & Friends. A set of twenty consecutive shows performed by Hornsby and his band at Yoshi's Jazz Club in Oakland, California marked a particularly innovative period of evolution for his live shows; there Hornsby and his band were "able to explore songs in a completely spontaneous fashion". Since that time Hornsby has avoided even planning set lists Document [1](Title: Charlie Kelly (It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia)) the 20 Best Characters of 2011, explaining: "In a cast full of douchebags, the childlike ball of energy played by Charlie Day comes off as more endearing than despicable. He’s the personification of what makes "It’s Always Sunny in Philadelphia" such a great show: perverse, loud, crude and surprisingly likable." "TV Guide" listed him in their list of TV's Most Lovable Lunkheads. Charlie Kelly (It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia) Charles Rutherford Kelly is a fictional character on the FX series "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia", portrayed by Charlie Day. Charlie is co-owner at Paddy's (although he later sells his shares) Document [2](Title: Paul Nicholas) Ladders". He starred as John Smith in the original production of "Caught in the Net". He co-produced, with Bill Kenwright, a new musical based on Charles Dickens' novel "A Tale of Two Cities", starring as Sidney Carton. The musical played Windsor with a Christmas season in Birmingham. In 2000, Nicholas appeared in the BBC television comedy drama "Sunburn", playing David Janus, owner of the self-titled holiday company around which the series was centered. He Ronnie Buchan in the new police drama series "Burnside". Further television work included parts in "The Bill" and "Holby City". He then played the title role Document [3](Title: Training Day (Archer)) others' life choices. "Training Day" was written by "Archer" creator and co-executive producer Adam Reed, while the series' animation director Mack Williams directed it. In 2009, FX network had officially greenlit production of the series, ordering six episodes and an additional four scripts. Over the course of approximately one month, "Training Day" was produced at Reed's Floyd County Productions studio in Atlanta, Georgia, and animated at the Radical Axis Studio, also located in Atlanta. FX originally planned on pairing "Archer" with the fifth season of the network's situation comedy "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia" on Thursday nights in the Fall. Document [4](Title: Ryan Howard) the 2010 episode of "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia" "The Gang Gets Stranded in the Woods". He also appeared as himself during the 7th season of "Entourage" in the episode "Lose Yourself" and appeared in the final season of "The Office"; set in Scranton and created during his time in Triple-A there. Howard is the acknowledged namesake of one of the show's characters, who in one episode claimed to be "Ryan Howard, the baseball player" in an attempt to gain entry into a New York nightclub. Howard married former Philadelphia Eagles cheerleader Krystle Campbell in Maui on December 1, 2012. Document [5](Title: David Hornsby) David Hornsby ( born December 1 , 1975 ) is an American actor , screenwriter and producer . He is known for a recurring role as defrocked priest Matthew '' Rickety Cricket '' Mara on the comedy series It 's Always Sunny in Philadelphia , for which he also writes and co-produces . Document [6](Title: Simon Coates (actor)) appeared in 'A Touch of Frost', 'Eastenders', 'The Bill', 'Dream Team', 'Doctors', 'The Amazing Mrs Pritchard' and 'Holby City'. Among the roles he has played are: Leonid Gayev in 'The Cherry Orchard', King Philip in 'King John', Dr. Yealland in 'Regeneration', Parsons in '1984', Bishop of Ely in 'Richard III', Norman Tate in 'Donkeys Years', Philinte in 'The Misanthrope', Sir Epicure Mammon in 'The Alchemist', Friar Lawrence in 'Romeo and Juliet', Cleante in 'Tartuffe', Sir Andrew Charleson in 'Plenty', Colonel Hennings in 'The Prince of Homburg', Captain Anson in 'Arthur and George', Beralde in 'The Hypochondriac', Max in 'The Real Document [7](Title: Characters of StarCraft) in the novel "Spectres" and "Wings of Liberty", where he is voiced by Dave Fennoy. Metzen describes Tosh as a "Boba Fett-type character" while Andy Chambers feels Tosh is "quasi-Rastafarian". Tosh possesses a nihilistic personality and believes that he must always look out for himself in order to survive. As such, he acts as a foil for the idealistic and honorable character of Matt Horner. Tosh represents an amoral influence on Raynor, and the temptation to cut corners and act like a pirate, although he is not inherently evil. The player can choose to help him break his former friends Question: who plays cricket on it's always sunny Answer:

David Hornsby

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Asian immigration to the United States) Asian immigration to the United States Asian immigration to the United States refers to immigration to the United States from throughout the continent of Asia, including East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, and the Middle East. Asian-origin populations have historically been in the territory that would become the United States since the 16th century. A first major wave of Asian immigration occurred in the late 19th century, primarily in Hawaii and the West Coast. Asian Americans experienced exclusion by law from the United States between 1880 and 1965, and were largely prohibited from naturalization until the 1940s. Since Document [1](Title: History of immigration to the United States) The history of immigration to the United States details the movement of people to the United States starting with the first European settlements from around 1600 . Beginning around this time , British and other Europeans settled primarily on the east coast . Later Africans were imported as slaves . The United States experienced successive waves of immigration , particularly from Europe . Immigrants sometimes paid the cost of transoceanic transportation by becoming indentured servants after their arrival in the New World . Later , immigration rules became more restrictive ; the ending of numerical restrictions occurred in 1965 . Recently , cheap air travel has increased immigration from Asia and Latin America . Document [2](Title: Mexican Americans) U.S. for better economic opportunities. In the early 20th century, the first main period of migration to the United States happened between the 1910s to the 1920s, referred to as the Great Migration. During this time period the Mexican Revolution was taking place, creating turmoil within and against the Mexican government causing civilians to seek out economic and political stability in the United States. Over 1.3 million Mexicans relocated to the United States from 1910 well into the 1930s, with significant increases each decade. Many of these immigrants found agricultural work, being contracted under private laborers. The second period of Document [3](Title: Islam in the United States) not having enough power to protect his people from oppressive local governors; thus he argued for a stronger central government. Small-scale migration to the U.S. by Muslims began in 1840, with the arrival of Yemenis and Turks, and lasted until World War I. Most of the immigrants, from Arab areas of the Ottoman Empire, came with the purpose of making money and returning to their homeland. However, the economic hardships of 19th-century America prevented them from prospering, and as a result the immigrants settled in the United States permanently. These immigrants settled primarily in Dearborn, Michigan; Quincy, Massachusetts; and Ross, Document [4](Title: Asian Americans) have been in parts of the contemporary United States since the 17th century, large-scale immigration did not begin until the mid-18th century. Nativist immigration laws during the 1880s–1920s excluded various Asian groups, eventually prohibiting almost all Asian immigration to the continental United States. After immigration laws were reformed during the 1940s–60s, abolishing national origins quotas, Asian immigration increased rapidly. Analyses of the 2010 census have shown that Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial or ethnic minority in the United States. As with other racial and ethnicity-based terms, formal and common usage have changed markedly through the short history of Document [5](Title: History of Western civilization) the farming and cattle industries of the American West matured and new technology allowed goods to be refrigerated and brought to other parts of the country and overseas, people's diets greatly improved and contributed to increased population growth throughout the West. America's population greatly increased between 1870 and 1914, due largely to immigration. The U.S. had been receiving immigrants for decades but at the turn of the 20th century the numbers greatly increased, due partly to large population growth in Europe. Immigrants often faced discrimination, because many differed from most Americans in religion and culture. Despite this, most immigrants found Document [6](Title: Demographics of Mexico) from 1893 to 1950. Source: Our World In Data The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. Aside from the original Spanish colonists, many Europeans immigrated to Mexico in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Non-Spanish immigrant groups included British, Irish, Italian, German, French and Dutch. Large numbers of Middle Eastern immigrants arrived in Mexico during the same period, mostly from Syria and Lebanon. Asian immigrants, mostly Chinese, some via the United States, settled in northern Mexico, whereas Koreans settled in central Mexico. During the 1970s and 1980s Mexico opened its doors to immigrants from Latin Document [7](Title: Education of immigrants in the United States) it shrank to 4.7% and now has spiked to 13% in 2010. What makes the difference today is the demographic immigrating to the US. In the early 20th century that influx of immigrants came from Southern and Eastern Europe which was closer in cultural resemblance to the developed American culture of the time as well as their labor skills being almost universal in the early factory setting. Today, "53% of immigrants are from Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, or South America; further, about 59% of the illegal immigrant population in the United States in 2011 is from Mexico, with another Question: who were the first immigrants that came to america Answer:

British and other Europeans

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr.) the theme for their coverage of the 1997 World Series. Edelman said, "It was original, and it seemed to have the right spirit. It's got a very flowing melody, it's triumphant, and it has a certain warmth. And it has at the end of it, what all television things like this have, a 'button', an ending flourish that works really well if they need to chop it down into a 15-second thing." Cary Darling said that the "booming" theme song was "part "Magnificent Seven", part Aaron Copland and as grand and wide as 'Big Sky Country' ". "The Adventures of Document [1](Title: Circle of Life) are those that are available for the public through cast recordings of the respective productions. The Brazilian and Korean productions were the only non-English productions of the show that didn't have a cast recording released at the time the show played in the respective countries. Due to the film's impact on popular culture, the song "Circle of Life" is often referenced in other media. The opening to "The Lion King" was parodied in an episode of the 1990s cartoon "Animaniacs", in which the theme of "Circle of Life" was parodied with "Surprises in Life", with vocals by Jim Cummings and Document [2](Title: Empty Nest) The show 's theme song was '' Life Goes On '' , written by John Bettis and George Tipton and performed by Billy Vera . For the first three seasons , the song was presented in a slower , more melancholy yet comical arrangement . The original opening titles sequence showed Harry Weston taking Dreyfuss for a walk around town , with still images of the other regular cast members shown as they were credited . Document [3](Title: Shuffle Along) "Shuffle Along", the musical fight between the two leading characters, was made into a short talkie film by Warner Bros in the early 1930s. It, and another similar short featuring Miller and Lyles, were found in the Warner Bros archives in 2010, where they had been misfiled. The titles are "The Mayor of Jimtown" and "Jimtown Cabaret". A stage adaptation, titled "Shuffle Along, or, the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed", featured the original music from "Shuffle Along" and other songs by its creators, with a book written by George C. Wolfe based on the Document [4](Title: The New Adventures of Black Beauty) over time. All the while Bella and the horse are living on Doctor Austin's farm. Meanwhile, unsavory characters are about the land searching for gold that was supposedly lost aboard "Astoria", and they soon realize Bella may be the key to their success. As before, "Galloping Home" was the theme song for the series. In the United Kingdom, this season aired on the BBC between 1994 and 1998. Season 1 (1990-1991)<br> Dr Jenny Denning – Stacy Dorning (26 episodes, 1990-1991)<br> Manfred Groenwald – Gedeon Burkhard (26 episodes, 1990-1991)<br> Dr. James Gordon – William Lucas (26 episodes, 1990-1991)<br> Victoria 'Vicky' Denning Document [5](Title: The Last Story) that varied depending on situations and could be cued in depending on what was happening on the battlefield. The game's theme song, , was composed by Uematsu with lyrics by Sakaguchi. Its lyrics are about the world someone is in not being where they are meant to be, with the phrase "going home" being used progressively through the song. According to Sakaguchi, the theme was quite personal for him, and also displays the "foreignness" of the game. Sakaguchi revealed that he was working on a new game in July 2009. Initially targeted for a reveal that year, this was delayed Document [6](Title: The World of Paul Slickey) become a musical, with deliberately "cartoon characters". The adapted version was produced by Donald Albery. Osborne himself directed. The music for the songs was written by Christopher Whelan, an established composer of incidental music for theatre. The lyrics were by Osborne. Hugh Casson designed the set. Kenneth MacMillan choreographed the dance sequences. The play's central character, Paul Slickey, was based on gossip columnist William Hickey. Journalist Jack Oakham uses the pseudonym "Paul Slickey", for his gossip column in which he takes swipes at the lifestyles of the rich and famous. He explores the lives of troubled couple Lesley and Michael, Document [7](Title: Birds of a Feather) Alun Lewis, Richard Preddy & Gary Howe and Ian Davidson & Peter Vincent & Tony Jordan all wrote one episode each. The theme tune was Irving Berlin's "What'll I Do?". Initially the version recorded by actor William Atherton for the 1974 film "The Great Gatsby" was used; from the third series onwards is sung by Quirke and Robson. During the opening theme for series 1, Quirke and Robson were seen both dressed in a white shirt and a black skirt and they walked towards to screen through several spotlights. Once they reached the screen it faded to Quirke and Robson Question: who sang the theme song to empty nest Answer:

Billy Vera

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Roswell Conspiracies: Aliens, Myths and Legends) satisfying. There are aliens among us and he can possibly play a part in helping to protect the earth. His new circumstances could also help him discover the truth behind his biological father's disappearance. Raised and trained by a stepfather in the know, Nick is one of a few human beings born with an innate sense of seeing through alien deceptions; most of the aliens can morph into human form at will. This ability gives him a unique advantage. In time he discovers his father and grandfather shared this advantage too. Nick ends up teaming with Sh'lainn Blaze, a rogue Document [1](Title: My Fair Wesen) may have been); Nick felt guilty over involving her too quickly in a case pattern that has grown routine for him and Hank; Trubel took her unintentional and illegal undercover work too far, forcing Nick and Hank to further cover up her involvement—and yet still Nick has to acknowledge her raw talent while begrudgingly admitting that she hasn't been afforded the same slight Grimm advantages he had, namely a family to help with emotional support when the seemingly impossible threatens to drive a person insane." Nick McHatton from "TV Fanatic", gave a 3.5 star rating out of 5, stating: "Only Document [2](Title: Tinker Keck) Football League with the New York Giants in April 2000. The Giants played in Super Bowl XXXV that year. He appeared as the first contestant on Fox's reality/game show "The Moment of Truth" on January 23, 2008. According to the show, he is married to a woman named Catia. He appears as a celebrity endorser for the Ab Rocket exercise device. According to the infomercial for this product, he is a celebrity fitness trainer in Los Angeles. It also credits him with playing for the New York Giants. Tinker Keck Tinker "Ty" Keck (born August 10, 1976 in Colby, Kansas) Document [3](Title: The Leading Man (comics)) that belongs to "Code Black", a terrorist organization, close to the place where he is filming his latest movie. But he didn't count on various unexpected problems: the actress and his co-protagonist Kim Carlisle followed him in his recon mission, Alison Frost, who's also an actress of his film, is revealed as other The Agency spy, and he's captured by Code Black. Now, Nick has to get free and stop Code Black to accomplish their plans. Nick Walker: Nick is a famous Hollywood actor who has a double life: in one side, he's a successful movie star, and for the Document [4](Title: In the Night Garden...) Nick Kellington as Igglepiggle Document [5](Title: Bluestone 42) His dislike of Nick for being of a higher social class than him leads to confrontations, with Towerblock labeling Nick a "Rupert" (a mostly derogatory term for an upper-class officer). This is soon resolved after a close encounter with the Taliban. Minor story-lines often involve Scottish Privates Kevin "Mac" McDowell and Euan "Rocket" Armstrong, and the bizarre activities they invent to while away the time, described by another character as "Stupid, dangerous and often quite unhygienic". During the second episode, Medhurst is badly injured when trying to defuse an IED, his injuries lead to him losing a leg. It is Document [6](Title: Breakdown: In Your House) top turnbuckle, Christopher tripped him, and performed a suplex on the outside. Taylor followed with a springboard axe handle. Back inside, Too Much performed a back body drop, and Christopher performed a bulldog to Scorpio. Scorpio then countered a back body drop from Too Much into a double dropkick. Snow tagged in, and, as Scorpio distracted the referee, attacked Too Much with his mannequin head, also accidentally hitting Scorpio. Snow then performed a low blow to Taylor with the head. Christopher performed a Tennessee Jam onto Snow, Scorpio performed a flying clothesline to Christopher, and Snow finally pinned Taylor after Document [7](Title: PoliticsNation with Al Sharpton) (which is headed by Sharpton as president) rebutted many of the criticisms in an editorial for TV One's NewsOne website, and also likened black criticism of MSNBC's decision to "crabs in a barrel". Sharpton's style of delivery, verbalized understanding of topics on "PoliticsNation" and a live flub with the teleprompter have been the subject of parody, especially on NBC series "Saturday Night Live" with Kenan Thompson playing Sharpton. It was the subject of a December 10, 2011 skit parodying the flub as well as a May 19, 2012 skit with guest star Mick Jagger as a JPMorgan Chase executive. Sharpton Question: who plays iggle piggle in the night garden Answer:

Nick Kellington

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Puerto Rican cuisine) Arroz con leche -- Rice with milk . Rice is cooked until sticky with milk , sugar , and cinnamon . It is then served with fruit . Avena -- Oatmeal with cinnamon , vanilla , brown sugar , raisins , and milk served with fresh fruit . Farina -- Cream of wheat cooked with spices , ginger , milk , sugar , citrus peels , and coconut milk . It is served with cinnamon and butter on top . Funche -- A Puerto Rican dish that is usually served as a breakfast dish . It is boiled coconut milk or coconut cream , milk , salt , and butter mixed with cornmeal until thickened . Sugar , vanilla , and cinnamon is added to give it taste . Funche is served with fruit or nuts . Natilla -- Cornstarch custard topped with butter and cinnamon . Pan de Mallorca -- Sweet and light yeast rolls topped with powdered sugar . They are eaten with coffee or stuffed with eggs , cheese and ham . Plátanos maduros o Batatas asadas -- Sweet plantains or batata ( type of sweet potato ) baked with spices and served with eggs . Sweet plantains are sometimes mashed with milk and butter . Tortilla de Huevos -- An omelet made with diced tomatoes , cilantro , onions , peppers , garlic , orégano , and cheese . Document [1](Title: Costa Rican cuisine) highlands and surrounding mountains of the country. "Frescos" and "batidos" are drinks made from fresh fruit and milk or water. Among the fruits used are papaya, mango, watermelon, cantaloupe, pineapple, strawberry, blackberry, banana, carrot, tamarind, "guanábana" and "cas", a sour fruit native to Central America. Horchata, the cornmeal and cinnamon drink that originated in Spain, can be found in the northwestern Guanacaste Province. A holiday beverage of homemade ginger beer is found on the Caribbean side of the country, and is sometimes mixed with wine. "Refrescos" is the local name for bottled soft drinks, which are widely sold. Most common Document [2](Title: Honduran cuisine) is agua de ensalada. This freshly made drink consists of shopped fruit such as apples and varies seasonal fruit. Another papular drink is agua de nance. When it comes to bottle drinks among the most tasteful is called tropical and it is a banana flavor soft drink. Hondurans usually have a large, hearty breakfast. It typically consists of fried eggs (whole or scrambled), refried beans, Honduran salty sour cream ("mantequilla"), hard olancho cheese, avocado, sweet fried plantains, and tortillas. It is common for most households to first prepare tortillas, a staple for nearly every dish, which are used throughout the Document [3](Title: Cooking banana) Rico are cooked with plantain leaves as a lid to add flavor and aroma. In Puerto Rico fish and pork shoulder can be wrapped in plantain leaves and baked. "Guanimes", known as Puerto Rican tamales, which are made of cornmeal cooked with coconut milk and other ingredients, are wrapped in plantain leaves. Similarly, in Africa, plantain leaves are dried and used to wrap corn dough before it is boiled to make "fanti kenkey", a Ghanaian dish eaten with ground pepper, onions, tomatoes and fish. In Nigeria, ground beans mixed with onions, fish and boiled egg is wrapped in plantain leaves Document [4](Title: Polvorón) the traditional "polvorón" recipe have been made. Well-known variants include "polvorón" with "kasuy" (cashew nut), with "pinipig" (pounded and toasted young green rice, similar to crisped rice) and with "malunggay" leaves. Strawberry, chocolate-coated, "ube" (purple yam), peanut, and cookies and cream flavoured "polvorón" also exist. Polvorones are a common Christmas dessert in Spain. Today, there are other options for the fat used in the sweet other than pig fat, like cow fat, as well as vegetarian polvorones and mantecados made with olive oil. Sometimes called Pan de Polvo, the sweet is made with anise in the south Texas region. Polvorón Document [5](Title: Egyptian cuisine) which is similar in texture to Turkish delight, or just served plain. "Kunafa" () is a sweet cheese pastry soaked in sugar syrup. "Luqmet el qadi" () are small, round donuts that are crunchy on the outside and soft and syrupy on the inside. They are often served with dusted cinnamon and powdered sugar. The name literally translates to "The Judge's Bite". "Atayef" () is a dessert served exclusively during the month of "Ramadan", a sort of sweet crêpe filled with cream or nuts and raisins. "Rozz be laban" () is made with short grain white rice, full-cream milk, sugar, Document [6](Title: Cooking banana) banana chips are called "tajadas", which may be sliced vertically to create a variation known as plantain strips. Chips fried in coconut oil and sprinkled with salt, called "upperi" or "kaya varuthathu", are a snack in South India. They are an important item in sadya, a vegetarian feast prepared during festive occasions. The chips are typically labeled "plantain chips" when they are made of green plantains that taste starchy, like potato chips. In Tamil Nadu, a thin variety made from green plantains is used to make chips seasoned with salt, chili powder and asafoetida. In the western/central Indian language Marathi, Document [7](Title: Breakfast) type of cornstarch. Traditional breakfast bread is a water-based bread. In Guatemala, breakfast consists of one or two eggs either fried, scrambled or boiled accompanied by baked/fried beans with coffee. With this comes fresh cream, fresh cheese and fried plantains (or cooking plantain). It is common to add hot sauce made out of "chiltepes" (a type of pepper). They are prepared raw or boiled, then they are ground with some vinegar, chopped onions and chopped cilantro to make the hot sauce. A traditional egg dish prepared with both green and red sauces is called "huevos divorciados." In the eastern part Question: what are some breakfast foods in puerto rico Answer:

Natilla

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Biosphere 2) excellent. They showed the same improvement in health indices such as lowering of blood cholesterol, blood pressure, enhancement of immune system. They lost an average of 16% of their pre-entry body weight before stabilizing and regaining some weight during their second year. Subsequent studies showed that the biospherians' metabolism became more efficient at extracting nutrients from their food as an adaptation to the low-calorie, high nutrient diet. "The overall health of the biospherians crews inside Biosphere 2 confirm that the original design of the Biosphere 2 technosphere systems did avoid a buildup of toxins, and the bioregenerative technologies and life Document [1](Title: Earth-Two) the planet Telos is terraformed into a new Earth-like planet and sent to the Earth 2 dimension as a new home for its refugees. The heroes' fraught attempts at forming a new society, rapidly augmented by Terry Sloan's technology, is depicted in the follow-on series "Earth 2: Society" (August 2015 – March 2017). The final arc of the series recreates Earth 2 again making it appear similar to their universe's first Earth through use of an Amazon artifact known as Pandora's Casket by Ultra-Humanite. This Earth has had no history of Wonders with Ultra-Humanite controlling the world behind the scenes. Document [2](Title: Biosphere 2) Biosphere 2 is an American Earth system science research facility located in Oracle , Arizona . It has been owned by the University of Arizona since 2011 . Its mission is to serve as a center for research , outreach , teaching , and lifelong learning about Earth , its living systems , and its place in the universe . It is a 3.14 - acre ( 1.27 - hectare ) structure originally built to be an artificial , materially closed ecological system , or vivarium . It remains the largest closed system ever created . Document [3](Title: Biogeochemistry) of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus cycles. Biogeochemistry is a systems science closely related to systems ecology. The founder of biogeochemistry was Russian scientist Vladimir Vernadsky whose 1926 book "The Biosphere", in the tradition of Mendeleev, formulated a physics of the earth as a living whole. Vernadsky distinguished three spheres, where a sphere was a concept similar to the concept of a phase-space. He observed that each sphere had its own laws of evolution, and that the higher spheres modified and dominated the lower: Human activities (e.g., agriculture and industry) modify the biosphere and abiotic sphere. In the contemporary environment, Document [4](Title: Oracle, Arizona) Oracle, Arizona Oracle is a census-designated place (CDP) in Pinal County, Arizona, United States. The population was 3,686 at the 2010 census. Buffalo Bill Cody owned the High Jinks Gold Mine in Oracle briefly and, in 1911, appeared as "Santa" for a group of local children. The community is the location of the Biosphere 2 experiment. Oracle was also the postal address for environmentalist author Edward Abbey, who never lived in the town but visited often. Oracle is becoming a bedroom community for Tucson, Arizona, but large-scale development is opposed by many residents. Oracle State Park is adjacent. The Arizona Document [5](Title: Infosphere) space, in which a species of giant, talking, floating brains attempts to store all of the information known in the universe. The IBM Software Group created the InfoSphere brand in 2008 for its Information Management software products. Infosphere Infosphere is a neologism composed of information and sphere. The word refers to an environment, like a biosphere, that is populated by informational entities called inforgs. While an example of the sphere of information is cyberspace, infospheres are not limited to purely online environments. The first documented use of the word "InfoSphere" was a 1971 Time Magazine book review by R.Z. Sheppard Document [6](Title: Natural environment) see that their degree of naturalness is not uniform. If, for instance, in an agricultural field, the mineralogic composition and the structure of its soil are similar to those of an undisturbed forest soil, but the structure is quite different. "Natural environment" is often used as a synonym for habitat. For instance, when we say that the natural environment of giraffes is the savanna. Earth science generally recognizes 4 spheres, the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere as correspondent to rocks, water, air, and life respectively. Some scientists include, as part of the spheres of the Earth, the Document [7](Title: Barkindji Biosphere Reserve) in soils can be found within the reserve: red earths, grey and brown clays, and calcareous and siliceous sands represent just a few examples. Moreover, sudden changes from wetland to shrubland and semi-arid forest highlight Barkindji’s diversity of soils and habitats. It was established in July 2005 and includes the following government-owned and privately-owned land: The managing authorities for the biosphere reserve consist of the following organizations and individuals: Barkindji Biosphere Reserve Barkindji Biosphere Reserve is a biosphere reserve located in the Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria on land adjacent to the Murray River and within of Question: where did they build the structure used in biosphere 2 Answer:

Oracle , Arizona

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: British America) Report on the Affairs of British North America (1839), called the Durham Report. British America gained large amounts of new territory following the Treaty of Paris (1763) which ended the French and Indian War in America, and ended British involvement in the Seven Years' War in Europe. At the start of the Revolutionary War in 1775, the British Empire included 20 colonies north and east of New Spain, including areas of Mexico and the Western United States. East and West Florida were ceded to the Kingdom of Spain in the Treaty of Paris (1783) which ended the American Revolution, and Document [1](Title: British America) British America gained large amounts of new territory following the Treaty of Paris ( 1763 ) which ended British involvement in the Seven Years ' War . At the start of the American War of Independence in 1775 , the British Empire included twenty colonies north and east of New Spain ( present - day areas of Mexico and the Western United States ) . East and West Florida were ceded to Spain in the Treaty of Paris ( 1783 ) which ended the American Revolution , and then ceded by Spain to the United States in 1819 . The remaining continental colonies of British North America formed the Dominion of Canada by uniting between 1867 and 1873 . The Dominion of Newfoundland joined Canada in 1949 . Document [2](Title: British America) then ceded by Spain to the United States in 1819 after treaty negotiations to settle the old southwest border with Spanish Florida (eastern Louisiana, southern Alabama, Mississippi, and western Georgia). The remaining continental colonies of British North America to the northeast formed the Dominion of Canada by uniting provinces between 1867 and 1873. The Dominion of Newfoundland to the east joined Canada in 1949. A number of English colonies were established in North America between 1606 and 1670 by individuals and companies whose investors expected to reap rewards from their speculation. They were granted commercial charters by King James I, Document [3](Title: Moriah, New York) War on the North American front) and with the British during the American Revolutionary War, in part due to their strong trading ties and cultural links. After the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War) and British victory, the colonial government granted some of its soldiers land in the region, which was ceded to Britain by the French. It was not until 1785, after the American Revolutionary War, when most of the Iroquois allies went to Upper Canada with the Loyalists, that the first European-American permanent settlement was made here. At the time, local Native Americans still hunted in the Document [4](Title: Constitutional history of Canada) the amalgam of constitutional law spanning this history. On February 10, 1763, France ceded most of New France to Great Britain. The 1763 Treaty of Paris confirmed the cession of Canada, including all its dependencies, Acadia (Nova Scotia) and Cape Breton Island to Great Britain. A year before, France had secretly signed a treaty ceding Louisiana to Spain to avoid losing it to the British. At the time of the signing, the French colony of Canada was already under the control of the British army since the capitulation of the government of New France in 1760. (See the Articles of Document [5](Title: Canada under British rule) the Canadas. With the Act of Union 1840, Upper and Lower Canada were joined to become the United Province of Canada. Later, with Confederation in 1867, the British maritime colonies of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia were joined with the Province of Canada to form the Dominion of Canada, which was subsequently divided into four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. A number of other British colonies, such as Newfoundland and British Columbia, and large territories such as Rupert's Land, initially remained outside the newly formed federation. Over time, the remaining colonies and territories of British North America Document [6](Title: British North America) lands, the boundary with Maine was clarified by the Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842. The Canadas were united into the Province of Canada in 1841. On 1 July 1867, the Confederation of Canada was created by the British North America Act. The new Dominion of Canada joined the provinces of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. The former Province of Canada was split back into its two parts, with Canada East (Lower Canada) being renamed Quebec, and Canada West (Upper Canada) renamed Ontario. In 1870, Rupert's Land was annexed to Canada as the Northwest Territories (NWT) and the new province of Document [7](Title: Quebec sovereignty movement) Concern for this may stem from perception of neo-colonial or eurocentric attitudes in the leadership of former premiers, such as Robert Bourassa and self-proclaimed "Conqueror of the North". Additionally, those in favour Canadian federalism denounce Quebec separation as a 'Balkanization' of Canada. The history of the relations between French and British descendants in Canada has been marked by periodic tension. After colonizing Canada from 1608 onward, France lost it to Great Britain at the conclusion of the Seven Years' War in 1763, in which France ceded control of New France (except for the two small islands of Saint Pierre and Question: which war brought about an end to british rule in america Answer:

American War of Independence

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Eleventh Doctor) the universe to collapse in on itself. Though he closes the cracks —reversing their effects and preventing the explosion— the Doctor himself is erased from history. River assists Amy in remembering the Doctor back into existence; he returns at her wedding to Rory, and the couple rejoin him as his companions. He next appears later in "Death of the Doctor", a two-part story of spin-off series "The Sarah Jane Adventures", alongside former companions Sarah Jane Smith (Elisabeth Sladen) and Jo Grant (Katy Manning), while Amy and Rory are on honeymoon. Series 6 in 2011 continues to examine mysteries left unexplained Document [1](Title: Captain Marvel (film)) Marvel would announce writers for the film "in the next week or two", and by mid-April, "Guardians of the Galaxy" co-screenwriter Nicole Perlman and "Inside Out" (2015) co-screenwriter Meg LeFauve were announced to be writing the screenplay. The duo were put together as a writing team after impressing Feige with separate takes on the character, and began work on the film within a month. LeFauve found the character being a female superhero to be both "wonderful" and a challenge, particularly because of how powerful the character is which could lead to the "Superman curse" of being perceived to be invulnerable. Document [2](Title: Amy Grabow) Amy Grabow Amy Grabow (born December 18, 1979) is an American actress. Amy Grabow grew up in Huntington Beach, California. She decided, while still in high school, to pursue an acting career. She studied at the Academy for the Performing Arts in Huntington Beach and currently attends acting classes. Her television credits include: "Charmed", "Mad TV", "Monk" and "". She was also a series regular in "Cloud Nine" and "Space Orphans", and has appeared in several television commercials. She played Dr. Rachel Adair on the soap opera "General Hospital" from February 2005 until her final appearance on August 5, 2005 Document [3](Title: The Big Bang (Doctor Who)) the Doctor engages the Pandorica and flies it into the exploding TARDIS. A second Big Bang occurs. The Doctor comes to consciousness and begins witnessing events in his life in reverse as the cracks in the universe close. The Doctor has to stay outside this new universe in order for that to happen. After a final goodbye to Amelia on the night they met, he enters the cracks and disappears. Amy wakes on 26 June 2010 in her home to discover that her parents have been brought back into existence and she and Rory celebrate their wedding day. At the Document [4](Title: The Doctor's Daughter) take place in what Davies called "a Generic Spaceship Room", but producer Phil Collinson suggested filming the scene at Plantasia botanical garden in Swansea. Having Jenny come back to life at the end of the episode was Steven Moffat's idea. Georgia Moffett, who plays Jenny, is the real-life daughter of Fifth Doctor actor Peter Davison and "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" actress Sandra Dickinson. David Tennant described the episode by saying "We get to see the Doctor's daughter, played by the Doctor's daughter." Moffett had previously auditioned for a role in "The Unicorn and the Wasp" in 2007. Her Document [5](Title: Pom Klementieff) Tattoo". Klementieff used her boxing skills again in the film, and due to the movie's low budget, she had to do her own make-up and chose her own wardrobe. It was her idea to dye her hair purple for the role, to which the directors first objected but later acquiesced. She joined the Marvel Cinematic Universe in the role of Mantis in "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2" (2017) and appeared in the same role in the film "" (2018). Pom Klementieff Pom Klementieff (born 3 May 1986) is a Canadian-born French actress. She was trained at the Cours Florent Document [6](Title: Orientation (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.)) those kind of powers and have great limitations and they're separated to a certain extent, so finding a way to reestablish themselves as a team is a big, big part of the beginning.” In October 2017, Marvel confirmed that principal cast members Gregg as Phil Coulson, Ming-Na Wen as Melinda May, Chloe Bennet as Daisy Johnson / Quake, Iain De Caestecker as Leo Fitz, Elizabeth Henstridge as Jemma Simmons and Henry Simmons as Alphonso "Mack" MacKenzie. They are joined by Natalia Cordova-Buckley as Elena "Yo-Yo" Rodriguez, who is promoted from her recurring role in the third and fourth seasons. Jeff Document [7](Title: Karen Gillan) Karen Sheila Gillan ( born 28 November 1987 ) is a Scottish actress , director , and screenwriter . She is known for the role of Amy Pond , companion to the Eleventh Doctor , in the BBC science fiction series Doctor Who ( 2010 -- 13 ) . In film , she has starred as Jane Lockhart in Not Another Happy Ending ( 2013 ) , Kaylie Russell in the horror film Oculus ( 2013 ) , and Nebula in the Marvel film Guardians of the Galaxy ( 2014 ) and its sequel Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 ( 2017 ) . She took part in the upcoming films Jumanji : Welcome to the Jungle ( 2017 ) , Avengers : Infinity War ( 2018 ) and its untitled sequel ( 2019 ) . In 2017 , she wrote and directed her first feature film , The Party 's Just Beginning . Question: who plays nebula in guardians of the galaxy 1 Answer:

Karen Sheila Gillan

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Jess Walton) Jess Walton Jess Walton (born February 18, 1949) is an American actress, best known for her role as Jill Abbott on the CBS soap opera, "The Young and the Restless". Also she starred in the 2018 movie "Christmas with a View" Mary Jess Walton was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, but raised in Toronto, Canada, where she attended Loretto Abbey Catholic Secondary School. She left home at the age of 17 and joined a Toronto theater company. In 1969, she moved to Hollywood and in next year, signed with Universal Studios. In 1970s, Walton guest-starred in a number of television Document [1](Title: Chloe Mitchell) Chloe Mitchell Chloe Mitchell is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera, "The Young and the Restless". Introduced by former executive producer Edward J. Scott as the daughter of trusty Chancellor family maid, Esther Valentine (Kate Linder), the character was born onscreen on July 30, 1990. Originally portrayed by twins, Darla and Sandra Greer, until 1991, upon her brief return in 1994, child actress, Danielle Ryah, portrayed the role. On February 6, 2008, executive producer/head writer Josh Griffith introduced a new character, Chloe Mitchell, played by former "All My Children" actress, Elizabeth Hendrickson. That August, a change in Document [2](Title: Now and Then (film)) narrates the story. As an adolescent, Samantha was considered the "weird" girl who liked performing seances and was interested in science fiction and the supernatural. Roberta Martin, a doctor, was a tough tomboy whose mother died when she was four years old. Chrissy DeWitt, who lives in her childhood home, is married and about to give birth to her first child. As a naïve youngster, she was overly sheltered by her mother. Tina "Teeny" Tercell is a successful Hollywood actress; as a child, she had always dreamed of fame. Teeny and Samantha have not visited their hometown in ten years. Document [3](Title: Elizabeth Hendrickson) to guest star on an episode of "Criminal Minds" titled "Doubt" on April 25, 2007, in the role of Katie, but the episode was pulled in deference to the tragedy at Virginia Tech and similar subject matter. The episode became the Season 3 premiere instead. Hendrickson signed on to play the role of Chloe Mitchell, a fashionista who stirs up trouble on the daytime drama "The Young and the Restless" in early 2008. It was revealed on the August 29, 2008 episode that the character was actually Kate, daughter of Katherine Chancellor's maid, Esther Valentine. Hendrickson exited the program in Document [4](Title: Dolly Parton) appearance in a Cher special. During the mid-1970s, Parton wanted to expand her audience base. Although her first attempt, the television variety show "Dolly!" (1976–77), had high ratings, it only lasted one season, with Parton requesting to be released from her contract because of the stress it was causing on her vocal cords (she later tried a second television variety show, also titled "Dolly" (1987–88); likewise, it too only lasted one season). In her first feature film, Parton portrayed a secretary in a leading role with Jane Fonda and Lily Tomlin in the comedy film "9 to 5" (1980). The Document [5](Title: Alyvia Alyn Lind) Alyvia Alyn Lind is an American child actress . She is best known for roles of Faith Newman on the CBS daytime soap opera The Young and the Restless since 2011 , and young 9 - year - old Dolly Parton in the made - for - television movies Dolly Parton 's Coat of Many Colors and Christmas of Many Colors : Circle of Love . Document [6](Title: Faith Hubley) voices were featured in a number of their films. Works Faith Hubley Faith Hubley (née Chestman; September 16, 1924 – December 7, 2001) was an animator, known for her experimental work both in collaboration with her husband John Hubley, and on her own following her husband's death. Born to Sally and Irving Chestman, Russian-Jewish immigrants, she grew up with three siblings on Manhattan's West Side during the 1920s and 1930s. She spoke little about her childhood and left home at age 15 to work in the theater, adopting the name Faith Elliott. At age 18, she moved to Hollywood, starting Document [7](Title: Mckenna Grace) affection for animals towards work with Farm Sanctuary and PETA, including appearing in a campaign asking people not to leave their dogs in hot cars. Mckenna Grace Mckenna Grace (born June 25, 2006) is an American child actress. She began acting professionally at the age of 6, her earliest roles including Jasmine Bernstein in the Disney XD comedy series "Crash & Bernstein" (2012–2014) and Faith Newman in the soap opera "The Young and the Restless" (2013–2015). Her early film roles include supporting performances in the drama "Mr. Church" (2016), the science fiction film "" (2016), and the comedy "How to Question: who is faith on the young and the restless Answer:

Alyvia Alyn Lind

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Conspicuous consumption) the 1920s economists, such as Paul Nystrom (1878–1969), proposed that changes in the style of life, made feasible by the economics of the industrial age, had induced in the mass of society a "philosophy of futility" that would increase the consumption of goods and services as a social fashion – i.e. an activity done for its own sake. In that context, commentators discuss "conspicuous consumption" either as a behavioural addiction or as a narcissistic behaviour, or as both, emphasising the psychological conditions induced by consumerism—the desire for the immediate gratification of hedonic expectations. Sociologically, conspicuous consumption was thought to comprise Document [1](Title: Material Product System) reality kept secret how income, consumer items and capital wealth were truly "distributed" in the USSR. However, supporters of the system argued that, if many goods and services are supplied to ordinary consumers free of charge, or below cost (a "socialized" component of household income) then valuing consumption expenditures in money prices becomes both difficult and rather meaningless. In that case, it is argued, a more appropriate strategy is to measure what physical goods and services people actually consume, and to what benefits they are entitled. Whatever the case, it is clear that there is a big difference in valuation Document [2](Title: Conspicuous consumption) Conspicuous consumption is the spending of money on and the acquiring of luxury goods and services to publicly display economic power -- of the income or of the accumulated wealth of the buyer . To the conspicuous consumer , such a public display of discretionary economic power is a means of either attaining or maintaining a given social status . Document [3](Title: Pricing) power they are able to charge at a premium for goods, and are able to spend a larger sum on promotion and advertising. According to Han, Nunes and Dreze (2015) figure on “signal preference and taxonomy based on wealth and need for status” two social groups known as “Parvenus” and “Poseurs” are individuals generally more self-conscious, and base purchases on a need to reach a higher status or gain a social prestige value. Further market research shows the role of possessions in consumer’s lives and how people make assumptions about others solely based on their possessions. People associate high priced Document [4](Title: Criticisms of the labour theory of value) be measured. The utility of the "last" bought consumption good determined by its marginal utility, in satisfying a specific consumer's wants should therefore be concerned as a complete absolute essence, where politics, social constructions, ideologies and culture (such as the media, fashion, and consumerism) should be considered nonexistent. While Marx emphasizes profit maximisation (under the premise that a capitalist would only be concerned with profit), neoclassical economists view the maximisation of utility at the individual or societal level (i.e. in capitalism individuals are understood as altruist concerned solely in providing people with what they want). Proponents of the labor theory Document [5](Title: Consumer choice) by welfare benefits, labor taxation, or tax credits can be analyzed. Consumer choice The theory of consumer and choice is the branch of microeconomics that relates preferences to consumption expenditures and to consumer demand curves. It analyzes how consumers maximize the desirability of their consumption as measured by their preferences subject to limitations on their expenditures, by maximizing utility subject to a consumer budget constraint. Consumption is separated from production, logically, because two different economic agents are involved. In the first case consumption is by the primary individual; in the second case, a producer might make something that he would Document [6](Title: Lifestyle trends and media) less than attractive according to society's standards, the advertising campaign may potentially be less effective. Still, advertisements starring celebrities are generally effective due to their popularity and presence in media. There are times when physical attractiveness of the celebrity is not relevant, and that is when the product showcased in the advertisement does not claim to enhance the consumer's appearance. Under this circumstance, the "match-up" hypothesis does not apply because the product is not particularly attractive. Attractive products include luxurious sports cars, designer clothing, anti-aging products, beauty products (i.e. foundation that smooths fine lines, blemishes, pigmentation, and promises a flawless Document [7](Title: Sustainability) managed at all scales through the chain of consumption, starting with the effects of individual lifestyle choices and spending patterns, through to the resource demands of specific goods and services, the impacts of economic sectors, through national economies to the global economy. Analysis of consumption patterns relates resource use to the environmental, social and economic impacts at the scale or context under investigation. The ideas of embodied resource use (the total resources needed to produce a product or service), resource intensity, and resource productivity are important tools for understanding the impacts of consumption. Key resource categories relating to human needs Question: the display of wealth for social prestige is called Answer:

Conspicuous consumption

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Whatever It Takes (Imagine Dragons song)) via Twitter on May 9, 2017. In October 2017, they performed the song on "Late Night with Seth Meyers". In February 2018, Imagine Dragons asked Conservative Political Action Conference to stop using "Whatever It Takes" on their conference website. In May 2018, they performed the song before game two of the Stanley cup finals in their hometown of Las Vegas. A music video for the song was released on October 13, 2017 (but now the date has changes into October 12 without any reason). It was directed by Matt Eastin and Aaron Hymes. Eastin had also previously directed the music Document [1](Title: Dan Reynolds (singer)) certified diamond by the RIAA. The third single, "Demons", reached #6 on the Billboard Hot 100 and is the eighth best-selling rock song in digital history with sales in excess of 5 million copies in the United States. Imagine Dragons were nominated for two Grammy Awards, Record of the Year and Best Rock Performance, the latter of which they won. They also won two AMAs for Favorite Alternative Artist, a Teen Choice Award for Choice Rock Group, a World Music Award for World's Best Rock Act, and a Billboard Music Award for Top Rock Artist. The band made their major Document [2](Title: Imagine Dragons) The band released EPs titled Imagine Dragons and Hell and Silence in 2010 , both recorded at Battle Born Studios , in Las Vegas . They returned to the studio in 2011 . The third EP , It 's Time , was made before they signed a record deal . Document [3](Title: Evolve (Imagine Dragons album)) Evolve (Imagine Dragons album) Evolve (stylized as ƎVOLVE) is the third studio album by American rock band Imagine Dragons, released on June 23, 2017 by Kidinakorner and Interscope Records. After the release of their previous album "Smoke + Mirrors" (2015) and its respective world tour, a self-imposed hiatus for 2016 and cryptic messages from the band through their social media gained anticipation for their third album; it was finally announced on May 9, 2017, along with the initiation of its pre-order. In comparison to "Smoke + Mirrors" and their 2012 debut "Night Visions", frontman Dan Reynolds called the album an Document [4](Title: DragonForce) live footage from their tour around Europe was released along with the song. The song was also a huge success on MP3.com where it charted at No. 1 for 2 weeks as the most downloaded song. In 2002, the band signed to Noise Records and began recording their debut album, "Valley of the Damned". Harper performed the bass tracks for the album, but left the band in 2002 because of a tendon problem that required surgery. The title track, re-released in promotion of the album, is one of the best-known DragonForce songs to date and is a staple of their Document [5](Title: BottleRock Napa Valley) to partially pay off debts. A 2014 concert, organized by new ownership, took place on May 30-June 1. The lineup of acts included The Cure, OutKast, Weezer, LL Cool J, Heart, Sublime with Rome, Third Eye Blind, De La Soul and Eric Church along with more than 45 additional artists and groups. Promoters for the 2014 event have indicated that they would pay off part of the unpaid debts incurred by the 2013 promoters. The event was held May 30-June 1 2014, at the Napa Valley Expo center. The 2015 festival took place on May 29-31 featured headliners Imagine Dragons, Document [6](Title: Tim Cantor) involvement and collaboration with Imagine Dragons for their Smoke + Mirrors North American Tour. Most of the Imagine Dragons North American tour stops will feature a SMOKE + MIRRORS ART GALLERY in the venue. The article features Imagine Dragons speaking about Tim Cantor and his collaborative work with them for their Smoke + Mirrors Album and Tour. MTV News posted a link to Imagine Dragons "Shots" video and an article discussing the video and how it is inspired by the work of Tim Cantor who created the album art for Smoke + Mirrors and other collaborations with the band. Tim's Document [7](Title: I Fight Dragons) captured as a Live DVD, and a limited run of 500 numbered and signed copies of the DVD, entitled "Dragon Fight!", were released in January 2010. In August 2009, Dave Midell left the band to pursue humanitarian causes. Chad Van Dahm was brought in as the new drummer. The band signed with manager J.J. Italiano and with booking agent Gabriel Apodaca of The Agency Group. in September 2009, signing their first major label contract. I Fight Dragons went on their first National Tour with punk group Whole Wheat Bread and nerdcore-hiphop artist MC Chris in October of that same year. Question: when did imagine dragons first song come out Answer:

2010

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Last Judgment) Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on the throne of his glory. All the nations will be gathered before him, and he will separate people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats, and he will put the sheep at his right hand and the goats at the left. Then the king will say to those at his right hand, ‘Come, you that are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world; for I was hungry and Document [1](Title: Miraflores Altarpiece) in a red robe holding the Christ's lifeless long body. Saint Peter and Luke the Evangelist stand on either side of her. Both are dressed in black clothes, and represent, the foundation of the early Church and the Gospels, respectively. The right-hand panel shows the moment (not in any of the Gospels) when Christ appears to his mother after his Resurrection, which is repeated at a smaller scale in the distance through the open doorway at rear. Although van der Weyden had otherwise presented the chronology of the triptych from left to right, the background resurrection is to the right Document [2](Title: Right hand of God) In the Bible , to be at the right side '' is to be identified as being in the special place of honor '' . In Jesus ' The Sheep and the Goats , the sheep and goats are separated with the sheep on the right hand of God and the goats on the left hand . Document [3](Title: Sign of the cross) declares that by His invincible power the Lord overcame the devil, who is on the left side, dark and lacking strength. Athanasius of Alexandria (269–373 A.D.) By the signing of the holy and life-giving cross, devils and various scourges are driven away. For it is without price and without cost and praises him who can say it. The holy fathers have, by their words, transmitted to us, and even to the unbelieving heretics, how the two raised fingers and the single hand reveal Christ our God in His dual nature but single substance. The right hand proclaims His immeasurable strength, Document [4](Title: St. George's Oratory, Padua) of a realistic perspective. The entry wall depicts scenes from Christ’s childhood. The scenes progress top to bottom left to right and are separated into five sections. An Annunciation scene spans the top of the wall; the Annunciation refers to the Biblical event where the angel Gabriel comes to Mary to tell her she will give birth to the son of God. The middle left scene is the Adoration of the Shepherds, the moments immediately following the birth of Christ where nearby shepherds come to pay homage to the Christ-child. This scene is often combined with the Adoration of the Document [5](Title: Church of the Incarnation (Dallas, Texas)) window depicting Jesus as the "Good Shepherd". The Good Shepherd window backs up to the organ chamber, which prevents natural light from illuminating it, so it is lit artificially from behind. The chancel is divided into three distinct sections. The first is where the pulpit, lectern, and seating for the clergy are found. The pulpit is on the left (north) side of the chancel, and the lectern on the right (south) side. The presider sits on the right side, but to the left of the pulpit, facing the center. The subdeacon and one assisting priest sit behind him on the Document [6](Title: Knock Shrine) shoulders or a little higher, the palms inclined slightly to the shoulders. Saint Joseph, also wearing white robes, stood on the Virgin's right hand. His head was bent forward from the shoulders towards the Blessed Virgin. Saint John the Evangelist stood to the left of the Blessed Virgin. He was dressed in a long robe and wore a mitre. He was partly turned away from the other figures. Some witnesses reported that St. John appeared to be preaching and that he held open a large book in his left hand. To the left of St. John was an altar with Document [7](Title: Gospel (liturgy)) be read. The Gospel Book, usually decorated with an elaborate metal cover, is normally kept in a central place on the Holy Table (altar), referred to as the High Place. The only other objects that are permitted to occupy this place on the altar are the Antimension, chalice and discos (paten) for the celebration of the Eucharist or, on certain feasts, a Cross or the Epitaphios. The Gospel is considered to be an icon of Christ, and is venerated by kissing, in the same manner as an icon. The reading of the Gospel is usually preceded by the chanting of Question: what does the right hand represent in the bible Answer:

the special place of honor

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: History of the Philippines (1521-1898)) The history of the Philippines from 1521 to 1898 , also known as the Spanish Colonial Period , started with the arrival in 1521 of European explorer Ferdinand Magellan sailing for Spain , which heralded the period when the Philippines was a colony of the Spanish Empire , and ended with the outbreak of the Spanish -- American War in 1898 , which marked the beginning of the American Colonial Era of Philippine history . Document [1](Title: History of the Philippines (1521-1898)) The history of the Philippines from 1521 to 1898 , also known as the Spanish Colonial Period , began with the arrival in 1521 of European explorer Ferdinand Magellan sailing for Spain , which heralded the period when the Philippines was a colony of the Spanish Empire , and ended with the outbreak of the Spanish -- American War in 1898 , which marked the beginning of the American Colonial Era of Philippine history . Document [2](Title: Spanish influence on Filipino culture) Spanish influence on Filipino culture The Spanish influence on Filipino culture has been profound, having originated from the Spanish East Indies. A variety of aspects of the customs and traditions in the Philippines today can be traced back to this influence. Spanish settlement in the Philippines first took place in the 1500s, during the Spanish colonial period of the islands. The conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi founded the first Spanish settlement in Cebu in 1565, and later established Manila as the capital of the Spanish East Indies in 1571. The Philippine Islands are named after King Philip. Spaniards are referred Document [3](Title: Chinese Filipino) the waning years of Spanish colonization in the Philippines in the 19th century, the Philippines was referred to as an "Anglo-Chinese colony with a Spanish flag" in reference to the majority of the colony's trade and industry being conducted by the Chinese while exports were controlled by British merchants. It was during this period that the population of the "Mestizos de Sangley" (Chinese mestizos) greatly increased. During the Philippine Revolution of 1898, they would eventually refer to themselves as "Filipino", which during that time referred to Spaniards born in the Philippines. The Chinese mestizos would later fan the flames of Document [4](Title: Christianity in the Philippines) came across the Philippines while searching for the Spice Islands. Ferdinand Magellan and his men landed in Cebu Island in central Philippines. At this time period, almost nothing was known to the West of the Philippines and so information on most pre-Hispanic societies in the islands date to the early period of Spanish contact. Most Philippine communities, with the exception of the Muslim sultanates in Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago, were fairly small and lacking in complex centralised authority. This absence of centralised power meant that a minority of Spanish explorers were able to convert larger numbers of indigenous peoples Document [5](Title: Multiracial) native culture will be adopted, but this is not always the case. These Sino-natives are usually fluent in Malay and English. A smaller number are able to speak Chinese dialects and Mandarin, especially those who have received education in vernacular Chinese schools. The Philippines was a Spanish colony for almost four centuries or 333 years, and by the United States for 46 years. This is the cause of many mixed race Filipinos of Spanish Filipino and Philippine-American descent. After the defeat of Spain during the Spanish–American War in 1898, the Philippines and other remaining Spanish colonies were ceded to the Document [6](Title: Juan Sebastián Elcano) Antonio" mutinied and returned to Spain. On 28 November 1520, three ships set sail for the Pacific Ocean and about 19 men died before they reached Guam on 6 March 1521. Conflicts with the nearby island of Rota prevented Magellan and Elcano from resupplying their ships with food and water. They eventually gathered enough supplies and continued their journey to the Philippines and remained there for several weeks. Close relationships developed between the Spaniards and the islanders. They took part in converting the Cebuano tribes to Christianity and became involved in tribal warfare between rival Filipino groups in Mactan Island. Document [7](Title: History of the Philippines) and gave the name Las Islas Filipinas (after Philip II of Spain) to the islands of Samar and Leyte. The name was then extended to the entire archipelago later on in the Spanish era. European colonization began in earnest when Spanish explorer Miguel López de Legazpi arrived from Mexico in 1565 and formed the first European settlements in Cebu. Beginning with just five ships and five hundred men accompanied by Augustinian monks, and further strengthened in 1567 by two hundred soldiers, he was able to repel the Portuguese and create the foundations for the colonization of the Archipelago. In 1571, Question: when did spain gain control of the philippines Answer:

1521

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Chevrolet Silverado) be Right Hand Drive versions for that region. There is a small gray market for both the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra trucks in some parts of the world, mostly in Scandinavian countries and Germany. Chevrolet Silverado The Chevrolet Silverado, and its mechanically identical cousin the GMC Sierra, are a series of full-size and heavy-duty pickup trucks manufactured by General Motors and introduced in 1998 as the successor to the long-running Chevrolet C/K line. The Silverado name was taken from a trim level previously used on its predecessor, the Chevrolet C/K pickup truck from 1975 through 1998. General Motors continues Document [1](Title: Chevrolet Colorado) release and made its public debut the following day (January 13, 2014) at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit. Sales started at dealerships in the second quarter of 2014 as a 2015 model. The Canyon offers the same features as its cousin, but will have a higher MSRP and more options. It also sports a front grille design that closely resembles its full-size sibling, the GMC Sierra. The 2015 Canyon comes in three trims and either two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive. The base model is only available with the 2.5 L Ecotec I4 engine, a 6-speed manual transmission, Document [2](Title: Chevrolet Suburban) Chevrolet pickup truck, including the Chevrolet C/K and Silverado series of truck-based vehicles. Cadillac offers a version called the Escalade ESV. The Suburban is sold in the United States (including the insular territories), Canada, Central America, Chile, Myanmar, Laos, Angola, the Philippines, and the Middle East (except Israel) while the Yukon XL is sold only in North America (United States and Canada) and the Middle East territories (except Israel). Several automotive companies in the United States used the "Suburban" designation to indicate a windowed, station wagon type body on a commercial frame including DeSoto, Dodge, Plymouth, Studebaker, Nash, Chevrolet, and Document [3](Title: GMC (automobile)) Car Company, another early commercial vehicle manufacturer. In 1911 General Motors formed the General Motors Truck Company and folded Rapid and Reliance into it. In 1912 the Rapid and Reliance names were dropped in favor of “GMC.” All General Motors truck production was consolidated at the former Rapid Motor Plant 1 in Pontiac, MI. GMC maintained three manufacturing locations in Pontiac, Michigan, Oakland, California, and Saint Louis, Missouri. In 1916, a GMC Truck crossed the country from Seattle to New York City in thirty days, and in 1926, a 2-ton GMC truck was driven from New York to San Francisco Document [4](Title: Chevrolet Tahoe) Army these vehicles are nicknamed "Milverado". The Enhanced Mobility Package (EMP) option adds an uprated suspension, 4-wheel anti-lock brakes, a locking rear differential, beadlock tires, a tire pressure monitoring system and other upgrades. About 2,000 LSSV units have been sold to U.S. and international military and law enforcement organizations. Chevrolet TAHOE RST 2018 Chevrolet Tahoe The Chevrolet Tahoe (and its rebadged version the GMC Yukon) is a full-size SUV from General Motors. Chevrolet and GMC sold two different-sized SUVs under their Blazer/Jimmy model names through the early 1990s. This situation changed when GMC rebadged the full-size Jimmy as the Yukon Document [5](Title: Chevrolet Silverado) (Available on HD series only), Redline and Black Out. The remaining Special Edition listed in the 2017 Chevrolet Silverado brochure were All Star Edition and Texas Edition. Special edition models of the Chevrolet Silverado and Chevrolet Colorado were introduced to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Chevy Trucks. Chevrolet introduced Centennial Edition Chevrolet Silverado for this year. In addition to the Centennial Edition, the remaining Silverado Special Editions were virtually unchanged from the last year model. In January 2018, Chevrolet announced that it would continue production of the third-generation Silverado 1500 for 2019, and that it would be sold alongside the Document [6](Title: Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)) top of the decision to produce the Blazer in Mexico, reinforces a belief that the just-agreed USMCA deal made by President Trump doesn't correct the soon-to-be-replaced NAFTA's problems: "Before I approve any trade agreement I am going to make sure we're writing trade agreements that level the playing field for the working men and women of this country, and that we're keeping jobs here, not making it easier to keep shipping jobs overseas... This GM announcement gives me greater concern, not less." Chevrolet Blazer (crossover) The Chevrolet Blazer is an upcoming 5-seat mid-size crossover SUV produced by General Motors brand Document [7](Title: Chevrolet Colorado) The Chevrolet Colorado and its counterpart , the GMC Canyon , are mid-size pickup trucks marketed by American automaker General Motors . They were introduced in 2004 to replace the Chevrolet S - 10 compact pickups . It is named for the U.S. state of Colorado . Question: what is the gmc version of the chevy colorado Answer:

the GMC Canyon

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: The Dog in the Manger) on to mention that "The same thing happened when a dog was holding a bone in his mouth: the dog couldn't chew on the bone that way, but no other dog was able to chew on it either." There were, however, earlier 14th century poetic references to the fable. In John Gower's "Confessio Amantis" (c.1390) it is related: Though the next reference in English is in John Langland's "The Pilgrimage of the Life of Man" (1426), where it is applied to a personification of miserliness, the work was written almost a century before in French by Guillaume de Deguileville (1335). Document [1](Title: Franklin Pangborn) several risqué references (by 1933 standards). In one scene, Professor Quail, played by W. C. Fields, has just landed his autogyro on the roof of the titular hotel in the Chinese city of Wuhu, but he does not know where he is. Pangborn plays the hotel manager: Professor Quail: Hey! Where am I? Woman: Wu-Hu. Professor Quail: Woo-Hoo to you sweetheart! Hey Charlie! where am I? Pangborn: WU-HU! Professor Quail: Don't let the posy fool you! Pangborn was an effective foil for many major comedians, including Fields, Harold Lloyd, Olsen and Johnson, and The Ritz Brothers. He appeared regularly in Document [2](Title: Hippy Ti Yo) dog, thus "clever hounds". The earliest recording of the song is believed to be a 1934 version sung by Cleoma Breaux and played by Joe Falcon entitled "Ils La Volet Mon Trancas", recorded in San Antonio, Texas (Bluebird B-2191). Later that year, the Breaux Brothers would record the same melody as the tune "T'as vole mon chapeau" (Vocalion 02961). In 1962, Joe Falcon explains he picked up the song from black Creoles, one named Sidney Babineaux. The following year in 1935, Leo Soileau and His Three Aces used the same melody for his song "Hackberry Hop" (Bluebird B-2086). The song Document [3](Title: The Owl and the Nightingale) birds' dialogue is colloquial, and their insults are scathing. The analogies employed are also rural, equating the Nightingale's song to the barbarous speech of an Irish priest, 'Þu chatereſt ſo doþ on Yris preſt' [ 322] referring to fox hunts, and commenting on the use and practicality of scarecrows. Medieval debate poetry was popular in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, and this poem draws on their structure, mimicking legal suits of the time. Each bird charges the other with an accusation, and brings forth evidence to support her claim. Proverbs are cited as a rhetorical argument from authority. However, the Document [4](Title: Cockfight) Cockfight A cockfight is a blood sport between two cocks, or gamecocks, held in a ring called a cockpit. The history of raising fowl for fighting goes back 6,000 years. The first documented use of the "word" gamecock, denoting use of the cock as to a "game", a sport, pastime or entertainment, was recorded in 1634, after the term "cock of the game" used by George Wilson, in the earliest known book on the sport of cockfighting in "The Commendation of Cocks and Cock Fighting" in 1607. But it was during Magellan's voyage of discovery of the Philippines in 1521 Document [5](Title: See a man about a dog) The earliest confirmed publication is the 1866 Dion Boucicault play Flying Scud in which a character knowingly breezes past a difficult situation saying , '' Excuse me Mr. Quail , I ca n't stop ; I 've got to see a man about a dog . '' In a listing for a 1939 revival on the NBC Radio program America 's Lost Plays , Time magazine observed that the phrase was the play 's '' claim to fame '' . Document [6](Title: Swamp Dogg) Duck. I wanted to sing about everything and anything and not be pigeonholed by the industry. So I came up with the name Dogg because a dog can do anything, and anything a dog does never comes as a real surprise; if he sleeps on the sofa, shits on the rug, pisses on the drapes, chews up your slippers, humps your mother-in-law's leg, jumps on your new clothes and licks your face, he's never gotten out of character. You understand what he did, you curse while making allowances for him but your love for him never diminishes. Commencing in 1970, Document [7](Title: Les Fausses Confidences) », Études Littéraires, été 1991, n° 24 (1), p. 81-94. Maryse Laffitte, « Mensonge, amour et séduction dans Les Fausses Confidences de Marivaux », Revue Romane, 2005, n° 40 (2), p. 257-73. Gilles Revaz, « L’Illusion dans l’énonciation comique (Corneille et Marivaux) », Littératures Classiques, hiver 2002, n° 44, p. 97-114. (en) Jodi Samuels, « Theatrical Letters in Eighteenth-Century France », Text & Presentation, Apr. 2000, n° 21, p. 43-55. Jacques Scherer, « Analyse et mécanisme des Fausses confidences », Cahiers de la Compagnie Madeleine Renaud-Jean Louis Barrault, 1960, n° 28, p. 11-19. Antoine Spacagna, « Structure dramatique et jeux Question: where does the expression going to see a man about a dog come from Answer:

Flying Scud

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Juhi Chawla) Performance-wise Chawla steals the show. Her acting is flawless and her screen presence and beauty make it all the better." Her next release was "Aaina", co-starring Jackie Shroff, and was produced by Yash Chopra, the film was a big hit at the box office, solidifying Chawla's position as the leading lady of the 90's. The critics praised her performance in the film and wrote: "1993 was Juhi Chawla's year with such films as "Hum Hain Rahi Pyar Ke" in which she delivered an excellent comic performance, and "Darr", for which many still remember her as that highly desired "K-k-k-kiran". I Document [1](Title: Archie Panjabi) Archana '' Archie '' Panjabi ( 31 May 1972 ) is a British actress , known for her role as Kalinda Sharma on The Good Wife . Her portrayal has earned her a Primetime Emmy Award in 2010 and an NAACP Image Award in 2012 , as well as two further Emmy nominations , one Golden Globe nomination , and three Screen Actors Guild Award nominations shared with the cast . Her other notable roles include Yasmin Husseini in Yasmin ( 2005 ) , Pinky Bhamra in Bend It Like Beckham ( 2002 ) and Asra Nomani in A Mighty Heart ( 2007 ) . Document [2](Title: Shama Sikander) her wins including the 12th Annual Lion's Gold Awards' Critics' Choice "Best Actress" (2005), Sony TV's "Best Face" (2005), Indian Television Academy Awards' "GR8! Face of the Year" (2004), and "Best Debut" (2004). Sikander subsequently anchored "Popkorn Newz" (2007) and "Jet Set Go" (2008) before returning to film with lead role of "Jiya" in "Dhoom Dhadaka" (2008). She subsequently appeared in the lead role of "Shunyaa" on the supernatural thriller TV series "Seven" (2010-2011 Hindi) produced by Bollywood juggernaut Yash Raj Films. She was seen as "Byankar Pari", the lead antagonist in the children's program "Baal Veer" (2012–2014) on SAB Document [3](Title: Shari (actress)) Shari (actress) Shari a.k.a. Sadhana is an Indian film actress. She was a prominent lead actress during the 1980s and 1990s in Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada, and Telugu films. Shari is born as "Sadhana" to Vishwanathan and Saraswathi at Andhra Pradesh. She is a trained classical dancer who learned Bharata Natyam from Padma Subrahmanyam and Kuchipudi from Vempati Chinna Satyam. She had her primary education from Saraswathi Vidyalaya Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Chennai. And She is the grand daughter of famous Kanada Actress B. Ramadevi. She is married to Kumar, a businessman in 1991. They have a daughter, Kalyani born in Document [4](Title: Umrao Jaan (2006 film)) Amiran and sells her to a brothel in Lucknow run by Khannum Jaan (Shabana Azmi). Bua Hussaini (Himani Shivpuri) and Maulvi Sahib (Kulbhushan Kharbanda) adopt Amiran and treat her as their own daughter. In the company of Khurshid (Ayesha Jhulka), Bismillah (Divya Dutta), and one of the courtesan's sons, Gauhar Mirza (Puru Raajkumar), Amiran learns the art of being a courtesan, or "tawaif". The girl turns into an elegant, poetic beauty by the name of Umrao Jaan (Aishwarya Rai). Umrao's beauty and poetry is enough to catch the eye of Nawab Sultan (Abhishek Bachchan). The two begin a passionate romance Document [5](Title: Nia Sharma) her television career on the serial "Kaali- Ek Agnipariksha and Ishq Mein Marjawan" Nia made her next move with the serial "Behnein". Later, played a cameo role in the reality show "The Player". In 2011 Nia played female Lead role Maanvi in Ek Hazaaron Mein Meri Behna Hai, a layered character with a range of emotions from drama to comedy to emotional shades, suffering from cancer. Nia is the first Indian Television actress to go bald onscreen and her finest performance won her "Best Actress Popular - Desh ki Dhadkan" Award at Indian Telly Awards in 2012. In 2014, Nia Document [6](Title: Mala Sinha) Mala Sinha Mala Sinha (born Alda Sinha; 11 November 1936) is a former Bollywood actress who has worked in Hindi, Bengali and Nepali films. Recognised for her talent and beauty, she went on to become a top leading actress in Hindi Cinema in the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s. Sinha has starred in over a hundred film productions: popular ones include "Pyaasa" (1957), "Anpadh" (1962), "Dil Tera Deewana" (1962), "Gumrah" (1963), "Bahurani" (1963), "Gehra Daag", "Apne Huye Paraye", "Jahan Ara, "Himalaya Ki God Mein" (1965), "Nai Roshni (1967 film)", "Aankhen" (1968), "Maryada" (1971) and "Babu (1985 film)". She was constantly Document [7](Title: Shashikala) modest, or pious women, Shashikala usually played either flighty and feisty bubbly women or vamps who plotted the downfall of others. Later in her acting career, she would typically play the role of a sister or mother-in-law. She performed in supporting roles in more than 100 films. In the past ten years, she has performed in a few television serials, including "Jeena Isi Ka Naam Hai" for Sony, "Apnaapan" for Zee TV, "Dil Deke Dekho" for Star Plus and "Son Pari" for Star Plus. She had roles in "Mother ‘98", "Pardesi Babu", "Baadshah", "Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham", "Mujhse Shaadi Karogi" Question: actress that plays kalinda on the good wife Answer:

Archana `` Archie '' Panjabi

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Trafalgar Day) Commonwealth of Nations. Its public celebration declined after the end of World War I in 1918. The massive casualties and upheaval had changed the general public perception of war as a source of glorious victories to a more sombre view of it as a tragedy, for which the newly instituted Armistice Day on 11 November was created. However, Trafalgar Day was still marked as a public day each year. Around 1993, it was rumoured that John Major's government might make it a public holiday in place of May Day, and this plan was revived in the 2011 Tourism Strategy created Document [1](Title: First day on the Somme) Horn Farm in front of the second line. For Newfoundland, the first day of battle changed the course of the island's history, ending any hope of independence. After the war the Newfoundland government bought at the site of the battalion's attack and created the Newfoundland Memorial Park to commemorate the dead, which was opened by Haig on 7 June 1925. Although the rest of Canada celebrates Canada Day on 1 July, it remains Memorial Day in Newfoundland and Labrador. Books Theses Websites Books Theses First day on the Somme The first day on the Somme, 1 July 1916, was the Document [2](Title: Georges Clemenceau) it was obvious that Germany would soon follow. On 11 November 1918, an armistice with Germany was signed. Clemenceau was embraced in the streets and attracted admiring crowds. He was a strong, energetic, positive leader who was key to the allied victory of 1918. To settle the international political issues left over from the conclusion of World War I, it was decided that a peace conference would be held in Paris, France. Famously, the Treaty of Versailles between Germany and the Allied Powers to conclude the conflict was signed in the Palace of Versailles, but the deliberations on which it Document [3](Title: Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles) this basis that Germany surrendered. Following negotiations, the Allied Powers and Germany signed an armistice, which came into effect on 11 November while German forces were still positioned in France and Belgium. On 18 January 1919 the Paris Peace Conference began. The conference aimed to establish peace between the war's belligerents and to establish the post-war world. The Treaty of Versailles resulting from the conference dealt solely with Germany. This treaty, along with the others that were signed during the conference, each took their name from the suburb of Paris where the signings took place. While 70 delegates from 26 Document [4](Title: N'oubliez pas) the time of Armistice Day, which commemorates the armistice signed between the Allies of World War I and Germany. On 23 January 2015, Lisa Angell was announced by France 2 as the French representative in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 with "N'oubliez pas". The song was performed for the first time on a concert in November 2014 that commemorated the First World War centenary. Lisa Angell performed the song live on television for the first time during "", aired on France 2 on 28 February 2015. On 23 May 2015 Angell performed the song live during the final of the Document [5](Title: Armistice Day) The first Armistice Day was held at Buckingham Palace , commencing with King George V hosting a '' Banquet in Honour of the President of the French Republic '' during the evening hours of 10 November 1919 . The first official Armistice Day events were subsequently held in the grounds of Buckingham Palace on the morning of 11 November 1919 . This would set the trend for a day of Remembrance for decades to come . Document [6](Title: Belfast Cenotaph) high colonnade. To the north is a sunken garden of remembrance, which since 2011 has been the location for an annual Field of Remembrance. The paving of the garden was renewed in 1993. The memorial was completed in 1927 and officially unveiled by Viscount Allenby on 11 November 1929. No Catholic organisations participated in the formal unveiling ceremony, but veterans from the 16th (Irish) Division laid a wreath after the ceremony ended, and participated the following year. In addition to the usual Remembrance Sunday services, there are also annual ceremonies to remember the first day of the Battle of the Document [7](Title: John B. Murray (general)) of Memorial Day on May 5, 1866. The holiday was supposedly conceived by Welles who communicated the idea to Murray, the county clerk who helped carry it out. Almost fifty years after the proclamation, Bellware and Gardiner published "The Genesis of the Memorial Day Holiday in America" and call into question the veracity of that claim. According to the research committee, there are no contemporaneous reports of this celebration. Their earliest sources date from 1882, sixteen years after the event. Bellware and Gardiner, however, uncovered evidence that this story was a myth. This evidence includes an earlier report from 1875 Question: when did they change armistice day to remembrance day Answer:

11 November 1919

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Hell (DC Comics)) including Giovanni "John" Zatara, Zatanna Zatara, Jason Blood/Etrigan the Demon, Randu Singh, Doctor Fate V (Kent V. Nelson), the Ragman III (Rory Regan), the Creeper II (Jack Ryder), Detective Chimp, Andrew Bennett, Acheron, Zauriel, the Enchantress, Deadman, the Phantom Stranger, Sargon the Sorcerer II (David John Sargent), Ibis the Invincible II (Daniel Kasim "Danny" Khalifa), the Nightmaster, Nightshade II (Eve Eden), the Midnight Rider, the Warlock's Daughter, Black Alice, Blue Devil, Kid Devil and Linda Danvers. In the miniseries' backup story, Doctor Richard Occult, aided by the Yellow Peri, also descends into Hell, but separately from the others and with Document [1](Title: Matt King (comedian)) starring in his own self-penned sketch show "Dogface", both available on Channel 4. His role as Super Hans in Peep Show spanned nearly a decade and earned him fans across the world. He has appeared in cult comedy series "Look Around You" and in the third series of "Skins", playing Cook's father. He co-starred in the film "Inkheart", appeared in the Guy Ritchie film "Rocknrolla" and the British film "Bronson", and had a lead role in the fantasy thriller "Malice in Wonderland". He also appeared in the third series of "Doctor Who" as Peter Streete in "The Shakespeare Code", and Document [2](Title: David Schofield (actor)) series "Our Friends in the North" in 1996. In 2008, he starred as Kirill, in the web series of the same name. In 2009 Schofield guest starred as King Alined in the BBC fantasy drama series "Merlin". In 2011 he played the sinister Police Sergeant Foley in Hugo Blick's" The Shadow Line", a seven-part series for BBC Two. In autumn 2015, he was seen as Odin in the episode "The Girl Who Died" in the ninth series of the BBC1 series "Doctor Who". In 2016 he appears as Vivan Wolsey in the BBC series' "Father Brown" episode 4.1 "The Mask Document [3](Title: Mister Jip) episode "Funhouse Mirrors", when Tyrone Johnson touches an individual by the name of Kev and looks into his fears, he sees a tall black cloaked figure with a white mask. Series showrunner Joe Pokaski has stated his intention for this to be Mister Jip, should the series be renewed for a second season. Mister Jip Mister Jip is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is an evil sorcerer, possessing a grotesque appearance and various mystical powers. Mister Jip has almost exclusively appeared as a villain to Cloak and Dagger, first in "Strange Tales" Document [4](Title: Doctor Light (Arthur Light)) among the mind-controlled villains who attack the heroes as they assault Krona's Stronghold in issue #4. He is shown blasting Doorman. Doctor Light appears in "Adventures in the DC Universe" #1, "Justice League Adventures" #6, #13 and "DC Comics Presents: Wonder Woman Adventures" #1. Doctor Light appears in "Tiny Titans". This version was the science teacher of Sidekick City Elementary School. In the 1997 Tangent Comics (Earth-9) One Shot Metal Men, Doctor Light lends his name to the brand of cigarettes smoked by president Sam Schwartz - "Doctor Lite". Doctor Light has a cameo appearance in "" (Earth-21). He is Document [5](Title: Captain Marvel (M. F. Enterprises)) Captain Marvel made a cameo appearance, along with other alternate versions of Captain Marvel, in issue #27 of DC Comics' "The Power of Shazam!" (1997). The character is shown performing his trademark division trick while wearing the traditional thunderbolt costume of Fawcett Comics' Captain Marvel. A strikingly similar if more darkly humorous superhero was Mort Todd and Daniel Clowes's the Divisible Man who appeared in issues of "Lloyd Llewellyn" and "Anything Goes!" back in the eighties and was, according to Todd, an attempt to create a character as "nuttily visual" as Jack Cole's original Plastic Man. Captain Marvel (M. F. Document [6](Title: The Princess and the Frog) Keith David as Doctor Facilier , also known as The Shadow Man , a voodoo bokor ( witch doctor ) . He is depicted in the image of Baron Samedi and / or Ghede Nibo wearing a tailcoat and tophat . Bruce W. Smith , supervising animator of Doctor Facilier , referred to the character as the '' lovechild '' of his two favorite Disney Villains : Captain Hook from Peter Pan ( 1953 ) , and Cruella de Vil from One Hundred and One Dalmatians ( 1961 ) . Smith was nominated for the Annie Award for Character Animation in a Feature Production for his work . Document [7](Title: Doctor Who (season 20)) ("The Five Doctors") and The Mara ("Snakedance"). A lone Dalek and a lone Yeti appear briefly in "The Five Doctors". David Banks makes his second of four appearances in the show in "The Five Doctors" as a Cyber-leader. Colin Baker, who was subsequently cast as the Sixth Doctor, made his first appearance in "Doctor Who" as Commander Maxil in the season's first serial, "Arc of Infinity", becoming the first actor to appear in the programme prior to taking on the role of the Doctor. To commemorate the twentieth season, the stories in this season involve the return of characters or Question: who plays the voodoo man in the princess and the frog Answer:

Keith David

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Koko (gorilla)) the preserve, Koko met and interacted with a variety of celebrities including Robin Williams, Fred Rogers, Betty White, William Shatner, Flea, Leonardo DiCaprio, Peter Gabriel, and Sting. Koko's weight of was higher than would be normal for a gorilla in the wild, where the average weight is approximately , but the foundation stated that Koko "is, like her mother, a larger frame Gorilla". Koko was reported to have a preoccupation with both male and female human nipples, with several people saying that Koko requested to see their nipples. In 2005, three staff at The Gorilla Foundation, where Koko resided, filed Document [1](Title: Busytown) hat. He drives a pickle-shaped car and is prone to vehicular accidents. Sometimes he gets traffic tickets from Sergeant Murphy. Wolfgang Wolf, Benny Baboon and Harry Hyena: a trio of layabouts who spend their time lazing in the sun or eating or getting into trouble. On one occasion they were deemed suitable enough to fly to the moon (with Lowly as a passenger). Bananas Gorilla: a gorilla who can be a thief whose passion for the fruit that bears his name leads him to steal bunches of them from Grocer Cat, which leads to his pursuit by Sergeant Murphy. Bananas Document [2](Title: War for the Planet of the Apes) Ty Olsson as Red , a Western lowland gorilla who was once a follower of Koba , now serving the Colonel to defeat Caesar . Olsson previously played Chief Hamill in Rise . Document [3](Title: Gorilla at Large) the gorilla away. To the surprise of the police, Cyrus confesses to both murders. He says both men were involved in Kewpie's death. Joey is not convinced. He still feels Kovacs is the killer, believing Cyrus's lame arm made him incapable of breaking anyone's neck. Laverne is about to do her drop from the trapeze, but expecting Joey in the costume, she falls to the real gorilla. It turns out Laverne is the killer. Using her own judo skills, she overpowered Morse, who was blackmailing her over Kewpie's death, then Owens, who had deduced her guilt. Goliath carries a screaming Document [4](Title: Victor Buono) the Absent Artist". In season 7, (April 2, 1964), he played murderer John (Jack) Sylvester Fossette in the episode "The Case of the Simple Simon". In season 8, (April 29, 1965) he played murderer Nathon Fallon in "The Case of the Grinning Gorilla". In season 9, (February 27, 1966), he appeared in "The Case of the Twice Told Twist", the only color episode, as Ben Huggins, the ringleader of a car-stripping ring. Buono played the villain King Tut on the television series "Batman". A Jekyll-and-Hyde character, William McElroy is a timid Yale professor of Egyptology who, after being hit in Document [5](Title: Pocket God (comics)) rise with him, essentially "watching the sun while watching Sun". He also made her a decorated leg bone for her hair. When Ooga finds the two on the beach and scolds Nooby, Sun lies that she tricked Nooby into taking her out so that Nooby would not be blamed. Klik arrives at the scene and declares that all previous events were results of misconceptions, and that they should be helping Sun instead of holding her captive. At a tribe meeting, she informs the boys that her tribe's Jewel of Life had been stolen by Newbie and that the members had Document [6](Title: Koko (gorilla)) one of the first gorillas accepted by her mother in captivity. Koko remained with her mother until the age of one when she was taken to the zoo's hospital to be treated for a life-threatening illness. Patterson originally cared for Koko at the San Francisco Zoo as part of her doctoral research at Stanford University after Koko developed a life-threatening illness. Koko was loaned to Patterson under the condition that she would spend at least 4 years with Koko. Eventually, Koko remained with Patterson, supported by The Gorilla Foundation, which Patterson founded to support gorilla research and conservation. After Patterson's Document [7](Title: Koko (gorilla)) Koko (gorilla) Hanabiko "Koko" (July 4, 1971 – June 19, 2018) was a female western lowland gorilla known for having learned a large number of hand signs from a modified version of American Sign Language (ASL). Koko was born at the San Francisco Zoo and lived most of her life in Woodside, California, at The Gorilla Foundation's preserve in the Santa Cruz Mountains. The name , , is of Japanese origin and is a reference to her date of birth, the Fourth of July. Koko gained public attention upon a report of her having adopted a kitten as a pet Question: who played donkey in planet of the apes Answer:

Ty Olsson

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Everest Home Improvement) Everest Home Improvement ( Everest Ltd ) is a British double glazing and home improvement company . Peter Mottershead is the company 's CEO . Document [1](Title: David Lim (mountaineer)) Beyond" and "Against Giants: The Life and Climbs of a Disabled Mountaineer", both published by Epigram Books. His third book, "How Leaders Lead: 71 Lessons in Leading Yourself & Others" is self-published. Lim is owner of a leadership and coaching consultancy (Everest Motivation Team Pte Ltd) and has delivered programmes and keynote presentations in 75 cities and 33 countries, combining experiences in leadership in the mountains with corporate models; and delivering presentations and workshops around the world. His leadership and team simulation, Everest Challenger® - .® has been licensed in 13 countries, and is the first tabletop simulation of climbing Document [2](Title: Joby Ogwyn) Joby Ogwyn Joby Ogwyn ( ) (born August 25, 1974) is an American mountain climber, BASE jumper and Wingsuit flyer. Ogwyn grew up in Louisiana and studied business administration at the Centenary College of Louisiana. He summited Mount Kilimanjaro when he was just 18. When he first summited Mount Everest in 1999, he was at the time the youngest American to do so. He is a top speed climber. In 2004 Ogwyn beat the speed ascent record of an 8,000 meter peak at the Tibetan peak Cho Oyu. Ogwyn planned to jump off Mt. Everest in a wingsuit in May Document [3](Title: Everest Group) Delhi. In 2005, Everest Group opens an office in London. Everest Group recognizes the global sourcing market was maturing and begins developing alternative service offerings and repositioning itself according to new value drivers. The Total Value Equation methodology is developed to look beyond cutting cost. Everest Research Institute is launched. Everest Group starts serving service provider clients. In 2007, Everest Group works with its first country association, South Africa. In 2008, Everest Group launches Market Vista, a quarterly report that provides a comprehensive look into the key forces and metrics defining the market: outsourcing trends, health of the captive model, Document [4](Title: Everest University) Everest University Everest University is an American private university based in Florida. Since 2015, it has been operated by nonprofit Zenith Education Group, since former for-profit owner Corinthian Colleges had to shut down its operations. It was founded in 1940 as Fort Lauderdale College of Business and Finance and later known as the Florida Metropolitan University, a name it held until 2007. Part of the Everest College group with dozens of campuses throughout the United States, the Florida-based university also offers online courses for students throughout the country. Programs focus on career orientation, offering day, night, weekend and online programs Document [5](Title: Neal Beidleman) Neal Beidleman Neal Beidleman is a mountaineer and climbing guide, known for surviving the 1996 Mount Everest disaster. He conducted numerous public talks on his experiences in that disaster, especially in regard to decision-making and team management. Beidleman's stories were also featured on the U.S. television news show Nightline. Beidleman made a return trip to Mount Everest in 2011. Neal Beidleman was working as a guide with his co-worker and friend Scott Fischer in the spring of 1996 on Mount Everest. The disaster involved the death of Fischer and several other climbers that season. In 2018, he summited Mount Everest Document [6](Title: Sandy Hill (mountaineer)) Sandy Hill (mountaineer) Sandra Hill (born April 12, 1955, formerly Sandra Hill Pittman) is a socialite, mountaineer, author, and former fashion editor. She survived the 1996 Mount Everest disaster shortly after becoming the 34th woman to reach the Mt. Everest summit and the second American woman to ascend all of the Seven Summits. Sandy Hill grew up in Los Gatos, California. Her father ran a successful business that rented portable toilets to construction sites. She graduated from UCLA before moving to New York for her first job, working as a buyer for the now defunct Bonwit Teller. After meeting an Document [7](Title: Phil Crampton) Phil Crampton Philip James Crampton, commonly known as Phil Crampton, is a British born mountaineer and expedition leader, and owner of the mountaineering company "Altitude Junkies". Crampton's climbing achievements include successful ascents of Everest (7 times), Cho Oyu (twice) and Manaslu (4 times). He has led more than 40 expeditions to 8,000m peaks. Crampton was born in the United Kingdom, but moved to the United States in his early 20s. He took up climbing and became an instructor. Initially he guided in North America, but later he started guiding in the Himalayas. He was an expedition leader with the mountaineering Question: who is the managing director of everest windows Answer:

Peter Mottershead

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Lists of fastest-selling albums) Chart (and also previously the now-defunct Recording Industry Association of Korea) releases sales figures on a monthly basis.<br> Therefore, the number days from each album's release date until the end of the first tracking month is specified, to allow to adjust for varying amounts of time from an album's release date to the end of the first month. This is a list of the fastest-selling albums in the United Kingdom. "25" by Adele is the current fastest-selling album in the UK with over 803,000 copies sold in its first week. Notes:<br> This is a list of the fastest-selling albums (pure Document [1](Title: Adele) fastest selling album in UK chart history with over 800,000 copies sold in its first week. The album debuted at number one in the US where it sold a record-breaking 3.38 million copies in its first week, the largest single sales week for an album since Nielsen began monitoring sales in 1991. "25" also broke first week sales records in Canada and New Zealand. "25" became the best-selling album of 2015 in a number of countries, including Australia, the UK and the US, spending seven consecutive weeks at number one in each country, before being displaced by David Bowie's "Blackstar". Document [2](Title: Lists of fastest-selling albums) A fast - selling album is defined as one with high sales in its first chart week following release . The highest sales achieved in any country in an album 's debut week are 3.38 million for 25 by Adele in the United States in the week ending 26 November 2015 . This passed the previous record of 3.00 million set by the album Distance by Hikaru Utada in Japan in 2001 . Document [3](Title: Peace Is the Mission) of sales, the album dropped to number 26 on the US chart, selling 4,000 copies, bringing total sales to 20,000 copies. In its third week of sales, the album dropped to number 34 on the chart, selling 3,000 copies, bringing the total sales to 23,000 copies. In its first month of sales, the album rose up to number 24 on the chart, selling 3,000 copies, bringing the total sales to 26,000 copies. In its fifth week of sales, the album dropped to number 30 on the chart, selling 2,000 copies, bringing total sales to 28,000 copies. In its sixth week Document [4](Title: Rihanna) best-selling digital artist in the country, breaking a Guinness World Record for digital single sales of over 58 million as of 2012. On 1 July 2015 the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) announced that Rihanna had surpassed more than 100 million Gold & Platinum song certifications. In doing so Rihanna has the most digital single awards and is the first and only artist to surpass RIAA's 100 million cumulative singles award threshold. In the United Kingdom, she has sold over seven million albums, making her the third best selling female artist this century. According to "Billboard", her total album Document [5](Title: Hello (Adele song)) the United Kingdom, where it became her second chart topper, following "Someone Like You", and has the largest opening week sales in three years. In the United States, "Hello" debuted at the top of the "Billboard" Hot 100, reigning for 10 consecutive weeks whilst becoming Adele's fourth number-one on the chart and breaking several records, including becoming the first song to sell over a million digital copies in a week. By the end of 2015, it had sold 12.3 million units globally (combined sales and track-equivalent streams) and was the year's 7th best-selling single while it stands as one of Document [6](Title: Red (Taylor Swift album)) on the US "Billboard" 200 chart, giving Swift her third consecutive chart-topper in the US. Its first week sales of 1.21 million copies was the third biggest debut for a female artist in US history and became the fastest-selling album in over a decade in the United States. It made music history for claiming the biggest first week sales of all time by a country act, the record previously held by Garth Brooks. "Red" is just the 18th album in United States history to sell one million copies in a single week. It was also a huge global success, becoming Document [7](Title: Greatest Hits (Robbie Williams album)) album hit the top spot in 18 countries: France, Italy, Portugal, Spain, the aforementioned United Kingdom, Argentina, Colombia, Germany, Australia, New Zealand, and Switzerland among others. The album became the best selling album of the year in the United Kingdom, becoming the 61st best selling album in UK music history, with sales of 2 million copies, being certified 8× Platinum by the BPI. "Greatest Hits" also became the best selling album of the year in Europe being certified 5× Platinum for over 5 million copies sold worldwide. The album ended up selling slightly under 8.5 million copies becoming one of Question: who has the fastest selling album of all time Answer:

Adele

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Hero and Leander (1819 poem)) concealed; The sprightlier maiden, sure of nuptial joys; And mothers, grateful for their rosy boys. (lines 1–8) </poem> The poem explains what happens to material pleasure along with the connection between love and emotion. This leads back into the story of Leander's death: <poem style="margin-left: 2em;"> And thus it is, that happiest linked loves Glance and are gone sometimes, like passing doves; Or like two dancers gliding from a green; Or two sky-streaks, filling with clouds between, All we can hope is, that so sweet a smile Goes somewhere to continue; and meanwhile, Hopes, joys, and sorrows link our days Document [1](Title: 1000 Ways to Die (season 1)) WILL DIE!" (the word "DIE" reverberates ominously). The disclaimer then cuts to animation depicting human figures encountering various deaths, while the voice-over reads "(Note: only the ALL CAPPED words are illustrated)": "Death...is everywhere. Most of us try to avoid it, others can't get out of its way. Every day we fight a new war against GERMS, TOXINS, INJURY, ILLNESS, and CATASTROPHE." "There's a lot of ways to wind up dead. The fact that we survive at all is a miracle, because every day we live, we face... 1000 WAYS TO DIE." This introduction cuts to a screenshot of the "victim", Document [2](Title: The Good-Morrow) last lines as, "If our two loves be one, both thou and I/Love just alike in all, none of these loves can die". A love poem, "The Good-Morrow" is thematically centred on several concepts. The poem is primarily to do with evolving love; the movement from pure lust, in the first stanza, to a nascent and evolving spirituality which liberates the lovers because they no longer "watch each other out of fear" but can instead see clearly. The lovers' faith in each other allows them to be brave, unlike the Seven Sleepers, who were forced out of fear to hide Document [3](Title: Dulce et Decorum est) time. The speaker of the poem describes the gruesome effects of the gas on the man and concludes that, if one were to see first-hand the reality of war, one might not repeat mendacious platitudes like "dulce et decorum est pro patria mori": "How sweet and honourable it is to die for one's country." Throughout the poem, and particularly strong in the last stanza, there is a running commentary, a letter to Jessie Pope, a civilian propagandist of World War I, who encouraged—"with such high zest"—young men to join the battle, through her poetry, e.g. "Who's for the game?" The Document [4](Title: We Real Cool) The last lines of the poem , '' We / Die soon , '' indicate the climax , which comes as a surprise to the boasts that have been made previously . It also suggests a moment of self - awareness about the choices that the players have made . Document [5](Title: Ode: Intimations of Immortality) any questions or concerns: <poem> The Clouds that gather round the setting sun Do take a sober colouring from an eye That hath kept watch o'er man's mortality; Another race hath been, and other palms are won. (lines 199–202) </poem> The poem concludes with an affirmation that, though changed by time, the narrator is able to be the same person he once was: <poem> Thanks to the human heart by which we live, Thanks to its tenderness, its joys, and fears, To me the meanest flower that blows can give Thoughts that do often lie too deep for tears. (lines Document [6](Title: An Ambiguous Report About the End of the World) a symbol of danger. “Apart from Nostradamus and the visions of the future you can hear my own worries about mankind in this absurdity. There are hidden parts in every single person and when they wake up it's hatred and violence that accompany people from the birth. The prayer of my actors at the end is also my prayer. I only hope that recognition and humility won't come after the tragedy as Nostradamus said. Somewhere in death there is something hidden that keeps my curiosity alive, perhaps human energy, God, faith in accordance with modern thinking and fear about man's Document [7](Title: Der Kaiser von Atlantis) that his old ally Death will lead the campaign. Death, offended by the Emperor's presumption, breaks his sabre; henceforth men will not die. Confusion results: a Soldier and a Girl-Soldier from opposite sides sing a love duet instead of fighting; the sick and suffering find no release. Death offers to return to men on one condition–that the Emperor be the first to die. He accepts and sings his farewell. Prologue A voice heard over a loudspeaker sets the scene and presents the characters. Scene 1 Harlequin describes his sorry life without laughter or love. Death joins him and together they Question: what happens) to the speaker(s) of the poem we real cool Answer:

Die soon

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Thermodynamic temperature) conduction is "usually" inefficient and such solids are considered "thermal insulators" (such as glass, plastic, rubber, ceramic, and rock). This is because in solids, atoms and molecules are locked into place relative to their neighbors and are not free to roam. Metals however, are not restricted to only phonon-based heat conduction. Thermal energy conducts through metals extraordinarily quickly because instead of direct molecule-to-molecule collisions, the vast majority of thermal energy is mediated via very light, mobile "conduction electrons." This is why there is a near-perfect correlation between metals' thermal conductivity and their electrical conductivity. Conduction electrons imbue metals with their Document [1](Title: Convection) the density, and thus relative buoyancy, of the fluid. Heavier (denser) components will fall, while lighter (less dense) components rise, leading to bulk fluid movement. Natural convection can only occur, therefore, in a gravitational field. A common example of natural convection is the rise of smoke from a fire. It can be seen in a pot of boiling water in which the hot and less-dense water on the bottom layer moves upwards in plumes, and the cool and more dense water near the top of the pot likewise sinks. Natural convection will be more likely and more rapid with a Document [2](Title: Transport phenomena) in terms of temperature, matter density, and pressure, it is known that temperature differences lead to heat flows from the warmer to the colder parts of the system; similarly, pressure differences will lead to matter flow from high-pressure to low-pressure regions (a "reciprocal relation"). What is remarkable is the observation that, when both pressure and temperature vary, temperature differences at constant pressure can cause matter flow (as in convection) and pressure differences at constant temperature can cause heat flow. Perhaps surprisingly, the heat flow per unit of pressure difference and the density (matter) flow per unit of temperature difference are Document [3](Title: Thermal equilibrium) Thermal equilibrium Two physical systems are in thermal equilibrium if there is no net flow of thermal energy between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Thermal equilibrium obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics. A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium with itself if the temperature within the system is spatially and temporally uniform. Systems in thermodynamic equilibrium are always in thermal equilibrium, but the converse is not always true. If the connection between the systems allows transfer of energy as heat but does not allow transfer of matter or transfer of energy as Document [4](Title: Convection oven) convection oven in wide use was the Maxson Whirlwind Oven, invented in 1945. A convection oven has a fan with a heating element around it. A small fan circulates the air in the cooking chamber. Convection ovens may include radiant heat sources at the top and bottom of the oven, which improves heat transfer and speeds cooking from initial cold start. On the other hand, some ovens have all the heating elements placed in an outside enclosure and hidden from the food. This reduces the effect of radiant heat on the food; however, the walls of the oven will also Document [5](Title: Convection) Convection can not take place in most solids because neither bulk current flows nor significant diffusion of matter can take place . Diffusion of heat takes place in rigid solids , but that is called heat conduction . Convection , however , can take place in soft solids or mixtures where solid particles can move past each other . Document [6](Title: Diffusion equation) Diffusion equation The diffusion equation is a partial differential equation. In physics, it describes the behavior of the collective motion of micro-particles in a material resulting from the random movement of each micro-particle. In mathematics, it is applicable in common to a subject relevant to the Markov process as well as in various other fields, such as the materials sciences, information science, life science, social science, and so on. These subjects described by the diffusion equation are generally called Brown problems. The equation is usually written as: where "ϕ"(r, "t") is the density of the diffusing material at location r Document [7](Title: Airflow window) of the cavity, from the outside, is heated during transfer upwards though the cavity, and enters the interior space at the top of the cavity. More complex designs exist, which for example do not transfer ventilated air between the interior and exterior, or which have multiple ventilation channels. The movement of air through the cavity can be forced (by means of mechanical devices such as fans), or occur freely, by means of convection. Whether the air flow is free or forced can affect energy efficiency of the window. Airflow window An airflow window is composed of at least two panes Question: in which state of matter does convection not happen Answer:

most solids

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Drew Brown (musician)) co-wrote many songs for the band, including "Say (All I Need)", "Stop and Stare", "All Fall Down," "Tyrant," and "Wont Stop" from their debut album "Dreaming Out Loud" and the title track from the second album "Waking Up", as well as "Feel Again" and "Love Runs Out" from the band's third album, "Native". Drew Brown (musician) Andrew John Brown (born January 9, 1984) is an American musician, multi-instrumentalist, and songwriter. He is a guitarist in the bands OneRepublic and Debate Team. Drew comes from Broomfield, Colorado. In 2004, he moved to Los Angeles, where he teamed up with Ryan Tedder Document [1](Title: I Cannot Stop You) "Don't Walk Away", the earliest composition by The Cherry Slush, was previously recorded at Schiell Studios, and reworked at the same location, but with Wagner producing. The bass guitarist Art Hauffe recalled, "Wagner suggested that 'Don’t Walk Away' needed a bridge, so Parsons and Burdick went outside and came back with something that sounded like Roy Orbison." After altering the lyrical content, the song was completed relatively quickly, in about one hour. "I Cannot Stop You" was originally released on the Flint-based recording label, Coconut Groove, under the band's new name, The Cherry Slush. Coconut Groove sold the group's recording Document [2](Title: Break My Stride) '' Break My Stride '' is a song performed by American artist Matthew Wilder . It was released in 1983 as the lead single from his debut album , I Do n't Speak the Language , and became a major hit single for him in 1983 and 1984 . Document [3](Title: Break Anotha) Break Anotha "Break Anotha" is the official debut single of Blake Lewis, the runner-up on the sixth season of "American Idol". Being the leadoff single from "A.D.D. (Audio Day Dream)", it was first leaked on October 29, 2007 via phone to fans who had signed up at BlakeLewisComingSoon.com. The single began to impact the radio on October 30 and was premiered on 106.1 KISS FM in Seattle. It was released on iTunes Store on November 13 and officially went for adds on November 20. The song was co-written by Lewis, Louis Biancaniello, Ryan Tedder (OneRepublic), Sam Watters and produced by Document [4](Title: Curly (song)) Curly (song) "Curly" was a song recorded in 1969 by English rock group The Move. The song charted at number 12 in the UK, and was the last single by the band to feature Carl Wayne before his departure from the band, as well as the first with Rick Price replacing Trevor Burton on bass guitar. The instrumentation is mainly acoustic, and Roy Wood, who wrote the song, was featured on multi-tracked recorder as well as acoustic guitar. Reportedly the song was disliked by the band's drummer Bev Bevan who thought it was too pop and sugary. Released as a Document [5](Title: Run to Ruin) Talk" is followed by several minutes of silence when, at 8:33, an alternate version of the track sung by Nastasia in Japanese begins. The backing track to this Japanese version of "While We Talk" (written in rōmaji as "Simpuru Ni"; which translates literally as "Simpler Thoughts") is identical to the English version, with the exception of some barely audible additional instrumentation (chamberlin and optigon). The Japanese translation for the lyric was provided by Daisuke Miyake, with new instrumentation performed and recorded by Paul Bryan. Recorded by Steve Albini. Run to Ruin Run to Ruin is the third album by American Document [6](Title: Shivers (song)) wrote that "it's impressive how, even at this early stage, Nick Cave was a confident and unique singer, perfectly aware of the strengths and limitations of his voice … he knows how to come across in a scary and theatrical manner that perfectly complements the music. Nowhere is this more apparent than on … 'Shivers', an unashamedly melodramatic example of post-adolescent anguish". "Shivers", along with other songs Howard composed, were "crucial to guiding the band in the darker, wilder direction" that defined the Birthday Party's music, according to Dan Lawrence of Stereogum. The song has since been considered an Australian Document [7](Title: Hanginaround) the United Kingdom. The chorus of the song was used as the main theme for the 2006 NBC sitcom "Four Kings". As with on much of the "This Desert Life" album, Hanginaround saw the band experimenting with different recording techniques - in this case, utilizing looping. The song consists of eight different piano loops arranged in various configurations in setup inspired by Brian Wilson's "Smile" project. According to Counting Crows fansite anna-begins.com, Duritz says: ""So I was sort of ... semi-celebratory about that but also [thinking] 'Where am I going?' It's about a wild time when I was growing' up. Question: who sings ain't nothing gonna break my stride Answer:

Matthew Wilder

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Yankee) that the famous Yankee "twang" survives mainly in the hill towns of interior New England, though it is disappearing even there. Mark Twain's novel "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court" popularized the word as a nickname for residents of Connecticut, and Connecticut Air National Guard unit 103d Airlift Wing is nicknamed "The Flying Yankees." The shortened form "Yank" is used as a derogatory, pejorative, playful, or colloquial term for Americans in Britain, Australia, Canada, South Africa, Ireland, and New Zealand. Depending on the country, "Yankee" may be considered mildly derogatory. In Cockney rhyming slang, an American is a "Septic" Document [1](Title: The Yankee Doodle Boy) I 'm a Yankee Doodle Dandy , A Yankee Doodle , do or die ; A real live nephew of my Uncle Sam , Born on the Fourth of July . I 've got a Yankee Doodle sweetheart , She 's my Yankee Doodle joy . Yankee Doodle came to London , just to ride the ponies ; I am the Yankee Doodle Boy . Document [2](Title: Music and political warfare) comical farce, To be proud in the face, and be shot in the arse. Perhaps the most well known song to emerge during this time was Yankee Doodle. Originally conceived by the British in an attempt to mock and demoralize the ragged American troops, it was instead adopted by the Americans as a rallying anthem. In the language of the day, "doodle" referred to a fool or simpleton while "dandy" meant a gentleman of highly exaggerated dress and manners. Finally the term "macaroni" was a type of dress popular in Italy and widely imitated in England at the time. The Document [3](Title: Yankee Doodle Coffee Shop) Yankee Doodle Coffee Shop The Yankee Doodle Coffee Shop, also known as The Doodle, was a diner in New Haven, Connecticut that catered to the Yale University community for 58 years before closing on January 28, 2008. The narrow restaurant, with only 12 stools arranged opposite a counter that ran the length of shop, was a favorite among students, faculty, and employees of the university. Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and Henry Winkler are said to have been regulars during their times at Yale. The Doodle was known for its cheap but excellent food, especially the fried donut—an old fashioned Document [4](Title: Yankee Doodle in Berlin) "Over the Rhine"). The film was later condensed for rerelease and titled "The Kaiser's Last Squeal". The film is preserved by the Library of Congress. Copies also held by Museum of Modern Art, BFI Film and Television, Cinematheque Royale de Belgique, Academy Film Archive Bev. Hills. Captain Bob White, an American aviator behind enemy lines, disguises himself as a woman in order to fool and steal an important map from the members of the German High Command, including the Kaiser himself. Yankee Doodle in Berlin Yankee Doodle in Berlin is a 1919 American silent comedy and World War I propaganda Document [5](Title: Little Johnny Jones) performed by the actors.) A brash, patriotic American jockey, Johnny Jones, goes to England to ride his horse, Yankee Doodle, in the English Derby. Jones falls in love with Goldie Gates, a San Francisco copper heiress, who follows him to Britain, disguising herself as a man to discover if Jones really loves her. Anthony Anstey, an American who runs a Chinese gambling establishment in San Francisco, offers Jones a bribe to lose the race deliberately, but he refuses. After Jones loses, Anstey spreads rumors that he threw the race intentionally. Jones' detective, pretending to be a drunkard, searches for evidence Document [6](Title: Swamp Dogg) Duck. I wanted to sing about everything and anything and not be pigeonholed by the industry. So I came up with the name Dogg because a dog can do anything, and anything a dog does never comes as a real surprise; if he sleeps on the sofa, shits on the rug, pisses on the drapes, chews up your slippers, humps your mother-in-law's leg, jumps on your new clothes and licks your face, he's never gotten out of character. You understand what he did, you curse while making allowances for him but your love for him never diminishes. Commencing in 1970, Document [7](Title: The Yankee Doodle Mouse) a pseudo-warfare style, and makes numerous references to World War II technology such as jeeps and dive bombers. "The Yankee Doodle Mouse" won the 1943 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film, making it the first of seven "Tom and Jerry" cartoons to receive this distinction. This is the first of Tom and Jerry short to be animated by Ray Patterson, who arrived from Walt Disney Productions. Except some time spent at Walter Lantz Productions in the 1950s, Patterson would continue to work for Hanna and Barbera until the 1980s. Tom pursues Jerry through a cellar, but the mouse successfully Question: a real live nephew of my uncle sam born on the 4th of july Answer:

the Yankee Doodle Boy

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Aqua Teen Hunger Force (season 2)) Master Shake's song in "Spirit Journey Formation Anniversary", Tom Scharpling voiced Willie Nelson in "The Shaving", H. Jon Benjamin voiced Mr. Sticks in the Broodwich and reprised his role as Mothmonsterman in "The Last One", Isaac Hayes III was the voice in "The Broodwich" and "The Last One", in "The Cubing" and "The Last One" Jon Schnepp voiced the first Wisdom Cube and Brian Posehn voiced the second Wisdom Cube, Patton Oswalt voiced D.P. and Skeeter in "Frat Aliens" and "The Last One", Barry Mills voiced the turkey in "The Dressing", Ned Hastings and Jay Edwards made voice cameos of Document [1](Title: The Radio Song (Joe Walsh song)) faces and imitating Wolfman when he's not watching. As the song actually starts, we have shots of Walsh as the DJ in the radio booth. Throughout the video, different singers appear next to him at the microphone - old-fashioned male singers, some Supremes-type singers, and a children's choir. When Walsh is not behind the desk as the DJ, he moves across the foreground of the screen with a guitar. Intercut with these scenes are Walsh playing a couple of "characters" like a drummer with backwards ball cap. During the guitar solo, Walsh runs out of the radio station, which collapses Document [2](Title: Caterpillar (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)) Alan Rickman voices the Caterpillar , who in this adaptation is named Absolem . Rickman was filmed while recording his voice in a studio , but his face was not composited onto the character 's face as originally planned . Document [3](Title: Teen Titans (season 3)) "Betrothed." The episode "Haunted" featured the return of veteran voice actor Ron Perlman in his role as Slade. In the episode "Spellbound", Greg Ellis provides the voice of Malchior, Raven's love interest turned villain. The episode "Revolution" features Malcolm McDowell reprising his role as the villain Mad Mod. David Markus played the villain Adonis in the episode "The Beast Within." In the episode "Can I Keep Him?", musician Henry Rollins reprised his role as Killer Moth while Canadian actor Marc Worden played the villain Killer Moth, replacing Thomas Haden Church from the previous season. The episode "Bunny Raven... or... How Document [4](Title: Rick D. Wasserman) Rick D. Wasserman Rick Darrin Wasserman (born October 17, 1973) is an American voice, stage and television actor. He was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. He graduated from Temple University with a BA in Theatre in 1995 and later from the University of Missouri with a MFA in Acting in 1998. His best known voice over roles include Thor and other characters on "", Clayface in "", Nicholai Ginovaef in "" and The Hulk in "Planet Hulk". Wasserman has had a prolific career on stage since the late 1990s. In 2000, he played Irving Berlin in The Wilma Theater's production of Document [5](Title: My Dream Is Yours) Lee Bowman as Gary Mitchell ( singing voice was dubbed by Hal Derwin ) Document [6](Title: Alice in Wonderland or What's a Nice Kid Like You Doing in a Place Like This?) and retains his usual "stories" credit on the back of the album cover. There has never been a second printing, re-release or digital release of the album. Where Sammy Davis Jr. supplied the speaking and singing voice of the Cheshire Cat in the movie, he was constrained from appearing in the audio adaptation because he was under exclusive contract to Reprise Records at the time; but Scatman Crothers provides the voice of the Cat. Where others of the TV show cast were concerned, there may have been additional issues involving contracts and royalties, because except for Bill Dana, all of Document [7](Title: Moe Szyslak) found the name in a phonebook and gave it to Moe so that he would have the initials M.S., and hence be a suspect in the Burns shooting. Moe was designed by animator Dan Haskett and his facial appearance was modeled after a gorilla. Animator Mark Kirkland said that he usually lets pass through production off-model drawings of Moe because the character is so ugly that no one will notice. Moe was the first voice Hank Azaria performed for the show. During the time of his audition, Azaria was doing a play in which he had the part of a Question: what is the caterpillar's name from alice in wonderland Answer:

Absolem

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Alfie Allen) Alfie Allen Alfie Allen (born 12 September 1986) is an English actor. He is best known for portraying Theon Greyjoy in the HBO series "Game of Thrones" since 2011. Allen was born in Hammersmith, London, the son of film producer Alison Owen and Welsh-born actor Keith Allen. His older sister is singer Lily Allen; her song "Alfie" is about him. He went to Windlesham House School in Sussex, Embley Park School near Romsey, St John's College in Portsmouth and the Fine Arts College in Hampstead, where he studied for his A-levels. He is also a third cousin of British singer Document [1](Title: Alfie Allen) on a nationwide tour. In April 2009, he co-starred with then partner Jaime Winstone in the music video for "Dust Devil" by Madness. He also had a role in the BBC2 film, "Freefall". Originally auditioning for the role of Jon Snow, Allen came to international attention when he was cast as Theon Greyjoy in the HBO medieval fantasy series "Game of Thrones" in 2011. He has continued to work in films, appearing in "Soulboy", "The Kid", "Freestyle" and "Powder" in 2010. In 2012, he starred in the British thriller "Confine". In 2016, Allen filmed a two part documentary for the Document [2](Title: Home (Game of Thrones)) Sydow, replacing Struan Rodger, who briefly portrayed the character in Season 4, as the Three-Eyed Raven, Kae Alexander as Leaf, Pilou Asbaek as Euron Greyjoy, and Michael Feast as Aeron Greyjoy. Additionally, several child actors were cast in order to portray young versions of well known characters within the show for Bran's vision of Winterfell in the past. These included Sebastian Croft as young Ned Stark, Cordelia Hill as young Lyanna Stark, Matteo Elezi as young Benjen Stark and Sam Coleman as young Hodor, or Wyllis as he is referred to in the scene. "Home" was the last episode for Document [3](Title: Alfie Allen) Alfie Allen ( born 12 September 1986 ) is an English actor . He is best known for portraying Theon Greyjoy in the HBO series Game of Thrones since 2011 . Document [4](Title: The Night Lands) Theon at the Iron Islands. Instead, he was received by his sister, in a scene that took place much later in the books. Also, some scenes that are only subtly implied in the original were made explicit in the episode. The scenes depicting Craster delivering a newborn son to the White Walkers and the sexual relationship between Stannis and Melisandre were written into the show by the producers. The episode was directed by Alan Taylor, making it the fourth episode he directed for the show. Taylor would direct three more episodes of the show, two of them in Season Two Document [5](Title: Book of the Stranger) have back his son Lancel, who is part of the order, and that Tommen will forgive him when he has Margaery back. Theon Greyjoy returns to the Iron Islands and reunites with his sister, Yara. Yara has not forgiven Theon for not coming with her after her costly assault on the Dreadfort, and accuses Theon of returning to the Iron Islands to take advantage of their father Balon's death to seize the throne. Theon insists he only heard the news after landing and promises that he will instead support Yara's claim at the Kingsmoot. Osha is brought before Ramsay Bolton, Document [6](Title: Brienne of Tarth) Sansa's signal. Brienne finds Stannis gravely wounded in the aftermath of the battle and, after he confesses to his role in Renly's death, she executes him, telling him she is doing so in the name of the rightful king Renly. Brienne follows a group of Bolton soldiers sent to recapture Sansa, who had fled Winterfell along with Ramsay's slave Theon Greyjoy, and kills the soldiers before offering her services again to Sansa, who accepts. Brienne reveals to Sansa that Arya is still alive, though her whereabouts are unknown. Brienne, Podrick, and Sansa journey on to Castle Black (Theon having returned Document [7](Title: Theon Greyjoy) Queen Cersei Lannister as evidence of the White Walkers' threat. During the meeting, Theon is confronted by Euron, who threatens to execute Yara if Theon does not bend the knee to him. Returning to Dragonstone, Theon speaks to Jon, who reassures him that Theon is both a Stark and a Greyjoy and forgives him, urging him to find and rescue Yara. Inspired by this, and remembering that Yara was the only one who tried to free him from Ramsay, Theon orders the Ironborn survivors to aid him in freeing Yara. Their leader, Harrag, defies Theon and nearly beats him to Question: who plays theon greyjoy on game of thrones Answer:

Alfie Allen

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Limnetic zone) as zooplankton, small crustaceans, and fish. Most photosynthesis takes place in this part of the lake. Limnetic zone The limnetic zone is the well-lit, open surface waters in a lake away from the shore. The vegetation of the littoral zone surrounds this expanse of open water and it is above the profundal zone. This is the main photosynthetic body of the lake. This zone produces the oxygen and food that support the lake's consumers. It can be defined as the lighted surface waters in the area where the lake bottom is too deep and unlit to support rooted aquatic plants. Document [1](Title: Pelagic zone) This is the illuminated zone at the surface of the sea where enough light is available for photosynthesis . Nearly all primary production in the ocean occurs here . Consequently , plants and animals are largely concentrated in this zone . Examples of organisms living in this zone are plankton , floating seaweed , jellyfish , tuna , many sharks and dolphins . Document [2](Title: Abyssal plain) is the basic building block of organic matter. Photosynthesis in turn requires energy from sunlight to drive the chemical reactions that produce organic carbon. The stratum of the water column nearest the surface of the ocean (sea level) is referred to as the photic zone. The photic zone can be subdivided into two different vertical regions. The uppermost portion of the photic zone, where there is adequate light to support photosynthesis by phytoplankton and plants, is referred to as the euphotic zone (also referred to as the "epipelagic zone", or "surface zone"). The lower portion of the photic zone, where Document [3](Title: Habitat) of life. The intertidal zone and the photic zone in the oceans are relatively familiar habitats. However the vast bulk of the ocean is unhospitable to air-breathing humans, with scuba divers limited to the upper or so. The lower limit for photosynthesis is and below that depth the prevailing conditions include total darkness, high pressure, little oxygen (in some places), scarce food resources and extreme cold. This habitat is very challenging to research, and as well as being little studied, it is vast, with 79% of the Earth's biosphere being at depths greater than . With no plant life, the Document [4](Title: Marine biology) inhabitants. Some marine organisms, like corals, kelp and sea grasses, are ecosystem engineers which reshape the marine environment to the point where they create further habitat for other organisms. Intertidal zones, the areas that are close to the shore, are constantly being exposed and covered by the ocean's tides. A huge array of life can be found within this zone. Shore habitats span from the upper intertidal zones to the area where land vegetation takes prominence. It can be underwater anywhere from daily to very infrequently. Many species here are scavengers, living off of sea life that is washed up Document [5](Title: Picoplankton) small size and large surface area allows for efficient nutrient acquisition, incident light absorption, and organism growth. A small size also allows for minimal metabolic maintenance. Picoplankton, specifically phototrophic picoplankton, play a significant role in the carbon production of open oceanic environments, which largely contributes to the global carbon production. Their carbon production contributes to at least 10% of global aquatic net primary productivity. High primary productivity contributions are made in both oligotrophic and deep zones in oceans. Picoplankton are dominant in biomass in open ocean regions. Picoplankton also form the base of aquatic microbial food webs and are an Document [6](Title: Marine biology) world's coral reefs are now endangered and predict that global warming could exacerbate this trend. The open ocean is relatively unproductive because of a lack of nutrients, yet because it is so vast, in total it produces the most primary productivity. The open ocean is separated into different zones, and the different zones each have different ecologies. Zones which vary according to their depth include the epipelagic, mesopelagic, bathypelagic, abyssopelagic, and hadopelagic zones. Zones which vary by the amount of light they receive include the photic and aphotic zones. Much of the aphotic zone's energy is supplied by the open Document [7](Title: Picoeukaryote) of a heterotrophic class, the Bicosoecida, similarly contain only two mitochondria, one food vacuole and a nucleus. These organisms are found throughout the water columns. Autotrophic picoeukaryotes are restricted to the upper 100–200 m (the layer that receives light) and are often characterized by a sharp cell maximum near the Deep Chlorophyll Maximum Layer (DCML) and decrease significantly below. Heterotrophic groups are found at greater depths and for example, in the Pacific Ocean, they have been found in the vicinity of hydrothermal vents at depths up to 2000–2550 m. Some heterotrophic lineages are found, unstratified, at all depths from the Question: what two components make up the epipelagic zone at the surface Answer:

plants and animals

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Josiah Harlan) began learning Hindi and Farsi, two languages that were to prove to be very useful to him. In the summer of 1826, he quit his service with the Company. As a civilian, he was granted a permit to stay in India by the Governor General Lord Amherst. India at this time was a proprietary colony granted by the British Crown to the East India Company. The East India Company had become the world's most powerful corporation, being granted monopolies on trade with India and China. In its proprietary colony of India the Company by the early 19th century ruled 90 Document [1](Title: Sanjiv Mehta (British businessman)) Sanjiv Mehta (British businessman) Sanjiv Mehta (born October 1961) is an India-born British businessman. He is the owner of "The East India Company", which he launched in 2010, presenting it as a revival of the historic East India Company that was dissolved on 1 June 1874. Sanjiv Mehta was born in a Gujarati family in Mumbai, India. His grandfather Gafurchand Mehta lived in Belgium in the 1920s, and started a diamond trading business. Sanjiv Mehta's father Mahendra was born in Antwerp in 1933, but Gafurchand brought the family back to India in 1938. Mehta graduated from Sydenham College Mumbai, and Document [2](Title: East Indian Railway Company) East Indian Railway Company The East Indian Railway Company, also known as the East Indian Railway (EIR), introduced railways to eastern and northern India, while the Companies such as the Great Indian Peninsular Railway, South Indian Railway, Central India Railway and the North-Western Railway operated in other parts of India. The company was established 1 June 1845 in London by a deed of settlement with a capital of £4,000,000, largely raised in London. The first board of directors formed in 1845 comprised thirteen members and Rowland Macdonald Stephenson became the first managing director of the company. Rowland Macdonald Stephenson (later Document [3](Title: Criticisms of corporations) the separation of ownership and management could lead to inefficient management. The context for Adam Smith's term for "companies" in "The Wealth of Nations" was the joint-stock company. In the 18th century, the joint-stock company was a distinct entity created by the King of Great Britain as Royal Charter trading companies. These entities were sometimes awarded legal monopoly in designated regions of the world, such as the British East India Company. Furthermore, the context of the quote points to the complications inherent in chartered joint-stock companies. Each company had a Courts of Governors and day-to-day duties were overseen by local Document [4](Title: East India Company) East India Company ( EIC ) Company flag ( 1801 ) Coat of arms ( 1698 ) Former type Public Industry International trade Fate Dissolved Founded 31 December 1600 Founders John Watts , George White Defunct 1 June 1874 ( 1874 - 06 - 01 ) Headquarters London , England ( Great Britain ) Document [5](Title: East India Company College) East India Company College The East India Company College, or East India College, was an educational establishment situated at Hailey, Hertfordshire, nineteen miles north of London founded in 1806 to train "writers" (administrators) for the Honourable East India Company (HEIC). It provided general and vocational education for young gentlemen of sixteen to eighteen years old, who were nominated by the Company's directors to writerships in its overseas civil service. The college's counterpart for the training of officers for the company's Presidency armies was Addiscombe Military Seminary, Surrey. The buildings are now occupied by Haileybury and Imperial Service College. Charles Grant, Document [6](Title: Mitchell's Hospital Old Aberdeen) hospital to fail, Mitchell's Hospital provided a secure basis for care of the "auld relicks". The Merchants and Trades of Old Aberdeen were now secure in having a properly funded institution to meet the needs of their community. Anderson, P. J., New Spalding Club (Aberdeen Scotland), et al. (1898). Fasti academiae Mariscallanae Aberdonensis. Aberdeen, New Spalding Club. East India Company. and A. Farrington (1999). Catalogue of East India Company ships' journals and logs, 1600-1834. London, British Library. Farrington, A. and British Library. (2002). Trading places : the East India Company and Asia 1600-1834. London, British Library. Hackman, R. d. (2001). Document [7](Title: John Smith-Burges) of Essex) on 4 May 1793. Sir John had no male heir and so the title became extinct on his death. John Smith-Burges Lt. Col. Sir John Smith-Burges, 1st Baronet (ca. 173424 April 1803) was Chairman of the East India Company in 1791. Smith-Burges was a director of the East India Company. He was Lieutenant-Colonel in the service of the 3rd Regiment, East India Volunteers. He was the son of John Smith and Mary Ransom. Sir John married Margaret Burges, daughter of Ynyr Burges and Margaret Brown, on 14 May 1771. He was born John Smith and changed his name Question: when did english merchants form the east india company Answer:

31 December 1600

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Gram stain) Gram stain or Gram staining , also called Gram 's method , is a method of staining used to distinguish and classify bacterial species into two large groups ( gram - positive and gram - negative ) . The name comes from the Danish bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram , who developed the technique . Document [1](Title: Gram-positive bacteria) (gram-negative) bacteria. The diderm bacteria can also be further differentiated between simple diderms lacking lipopolysaccharide, the archetypical diderm bacteria where the outer cell membrane contains lipopolysaccharide, and the diderm bacteria where outer cell membrane is made up of mycolic acid. In general, gram-positive bacteria are monoderms and have a single lipid bilayer whereas gram-negative bacteria are diderms and have two bilayers. Some taxa lack peptidoglycan (such as the domain Archaea, the class Mollicutes, some members of the Rickettsiales, and the insect-endosymbionts of the Enterobacteriales) and are gram-variable. This, however, does not always hold true. The "Deinococcus-Thermus" bacteria have gram-positive stains, Document [2](Title: Gramps) from the GNU GPL Gramps Manual V2.9." Gramps Gramps (formerly GRAMPS, an acronym for Genealogical Research and Analysis Management Programming System) is Free and open source genealogy software. Gramps is programmed in Python using PyGObject. It uses Graphviz to create relationship graphs. The core export file format of Gramps is named Gramps XML and uses the file extension .gramps. It is extended from XML. Gramps XML is a free format. Gramps usually compresses Gramps XML files with gzip. The file format Portable Gramps XML Package uses the extension .gpkg and is currently a .tar.gz archive including Gramps XML together with Document [3](Title: Gram-positive bacteria) and chemical composition of the bacterial cell wall, marked by the absence or presence of an outer lipid membrane. All gram-positive bacteria are bounded by a single-unit lipid membrane, and, in general, they contain a thick layer (20–80 nm) of peptidoglycan responsible for retaining the Gram stain. A number of other bacteria—that are bounded by a single membrane, but stain gram-negative due to either lack of the peptidoglycan layer, as in the Mycoplasmas, or their inability to retain the Gram stain because of their cell wall composition—also show close relationship to the Gram-positive bacteria. For the bacterial cells bounded by Document [4](Title: Giemsa stain) stains sky blue, monocyte cytoplasm stains pale blue, and leukocyte nuclear chromatin stains magenta. It is also used to visualize the classic "safety pin" shape in "Yersinia pestis". Giemsa stain is also used to visualize chromosomes. Giemsa stains the fungus "Histoplasma", "Chlamydia" bacteria, and can be used to identify mast cells. Giemsa's solution is a mixture of methylene blue, eosin, and Azure B. The stain is usually prepared from commercially available Giemsa powder. A thin film of the specimen on a microscope slide is fixed in pure methanol for 30 seconds, by immersing it or by putting a few drops Document [5](Title: Escherichia coli) ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but is capable of switching to fermentation or anaerobic respiration if oxygen is absent) and nonsporulating bacterium. Cells are typically rod-shaped, and are about 2.0 μm long and 0.25–1.0 μm in diameter, with a cell volume of 0.6–0.7 μm. "E. coli" stains Gram-negative because its cell wall is composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane. During the staining process, "E. coli" picks up the color of the counterstain safranin and stains pink. The outer membrane surrounding the cell wall provides a barrier to certain antibiotics such that "E. coli" Document [6](Title: Bacterial lawn) growth media. Biofilms—the aggregated form of microorganisms most commonly found in nature— are generally more complex and diverse and marked by larger quantities of extracellular structural matrix relative to the cellular biomass. Bacterial lawns can be produced manually by evenly spreading a high amount of bacteria onto an agar plate using a sterile cotton swab or a Drigalski spatula. Alternatively an automated machine can be used such as a spiral plater where the plate is rotated and the sample is spread evenly using an automated dispenser. Bacterial lawn Bacterial lawn is a term used by microbiologists to describe the appearance Document [7](Title: Grama (halacha)) Grama (halacha) A Grama (Hebrew/Arameic - גרמא) in "Halacha" (Jewish law) is something that was indirectly caused by something else but which outcome is not guaranteed. A classic example given to this is of vases that are filled with water and put around a campfire in order to extinguish it. This is allowed because it is indirect and because the fire might not extinguish. There is a rule that "Grama benizakin patur". If somebody caused financial harm to somebody else via an action that was not guaranteed to harm them, the person cannot be forced by a court to pay, Question: who developed staining method for differentiating between groups of bacteria Answer:

Hans Christian Gram

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire) awards, including the 2001 Hugo Award for Best Novel. It won the 2002 Indian Paintbrush Book Award, the third after "Philosopher's Stone" and "Prisoner of Azkaban". The novel also won an Oppenheim Toy Portfolio Platinum Award for one of the best books, who claimed it was "more intense than the first three books". In addition, "Entertainment Weekly" listed "Goblet of Fire" in second place on their list of "The New Classics: Books – The 100 best reads from 1983 to 2008". "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" was adapted into a film, released worldwide on 18 November 2005, which Document [1](Title: Harry Potter) Harry Potter The Harry Potter logo , used first in American editions of the novel series and later in films The Philosopher 's Stone ( 1997 ) The Chamber of Secrets ( 1998 ) The Prisoner of Azkaban ( 1999 ) The Goblet of Fire ( 2000 ) The Order of the Phoenix ( 2003 ) The Half - Blood Prince ( 2005 ) The Deathly Hallows ( 2007 ) Author J.K. Rowling Country United Kingdom Language English Genre Fantasy , drama , young adult fiction , mystery , thriller , Bildungsroman Publisher Bloomsbury Publishing ( UK ) Scholastic ( US ) Published 26 June 1997 -- 21 July 2007 ( initial publication ) Media type Print ( hardback & paperback ) Audiobook E-book ( as of March 2012 ) No. of books 7 Website www.pottermore.com Document [2](Title: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows) December 2007 using the title ("Harry Potter și Talismanele Morții"). "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows" was released in hardcover on 21 July 2007 and in paperback in the United Kingdom on 10 July 2008 and the United States on 7 July 2009. In SoHo, New York, there was a release party for the American paperback edition, with many games and activities. An "Adult Edition" with a different cover illustration was released by Bloomsbury on 21 July 2007. To be released simultaneously with the original US hardcover on 21 July with only 100,000 copies was a Scholastic deluxe edition, highlighting Document [3](Title: Harry Potter) audience. In December 2005, Rowling stated on her web site, "2006 will be the year when I write the final book in the "Harry Potter" series." Updates then followed in her online diary chronicling the progress of "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows", with the release date of 21 July 2007. The book itself was finished on 11 January 2007 in the Balmoral Hotel, Edinburgh, where she scrawled a message on the back of a bust of Hermes. It read: "J. K. Rowling finished writing "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows" in this room (552) on 11 January 2007." Rowling Document [4](Title: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2) Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 is a 2011 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the second of two cinematic parts based on J. K. Rowling's 2007 novel of the same name. The film, which is the eighth and final instalment in the "Harry Potter" film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman, David Barron, and Rowling. The story continues to follow Harry Potter's quest to find and destroy Lord Voldemort's Horcruxes in order to stop Document [5](Title: Perry Mason) the possible use of additives to track illegal resale of medical narcotics is examined. Critic Russel B. Nye saw pattern in Gardner's novels, calling them as formal as Japanese Noh drama. He described fairly rigid plot points: The Perry Mason series ranks third in the top ten best selling book series, with sales of 300 million. R. L. Stine's "Goosebumps" series is ranked second, with 350 million; J. K. Rowling's "Harry Potter" series is first, with 450 million. In June 2015, the American Bar Association announced that its new publishing imprint, Ankerwycke, would reissue Gardner's Perry Mason novels. "The Case Document [6](Title: Harry Potter in translation) has been translated into two dialects of the same language in two countries (for example, separate Portuguese versions for Brazil and for Portugal). The original British English versions of the book were published in the United Kingdom by Bloomsbury. There is no complete official list of authorised translations currently available. Editions exist in the following languages (including the original): The impatience of the international Harry Potter fan community for translations of the books has led to the proliferation of unauthorised or pirate translations that are often hastily translated and posted on the internet chapter-by-chapter, or printed by small presses and Document [7](Title: Wizarding World) theme park near Los Angeles, California. Wizarding World The Wizarding World (previously known as J. K. Rowling's Wizarding World) is a fantasy media franchise and shared fictional universe centred on a series of films, based on the "Harry Potter" novels by British author J. K. Rowling. The films have been in production since 2000, and in that time ten films have been produced—eight are adaptations of the "Harry Potter" novels and two are part of the "Fantastic Beasts" franchise. The films are owned and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, and three more are in various stages of production. The series Question: when was the first harry pitter book released Answer:

1997

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Bruce Dern) Roper, who is so upset with his friend for hitting a woman that he punches himself. He played the sailor in a few flashbacks with Marnie's mother in Alfred Hitchcock's "Marnie". Dern played a murderous rustler in Clint Eastwood's "Hang 'Em High" and a gunfighter in "Support Your Local Sheriff!". He also played cattle-thief Asa Watts, who murders John Wayne's character in "The Cowboys" (1972). Wayne warned Dern, "America will hate you for this." Dern replied, "Yeah, but they'll love me in Berkeley." Having played a series of villains, that same year he played against type as a sensitive ecologist Document [1](Title: Queen of the Night Clubs) film starred the legendary bar hostess and silent film actress Texas Guinan as "Texas Malone", a character obviously based upon herself. Warner Bros signed Guinan to make the film in August 1928. Jack Norwood, John Davidson and Eddie Foy were signed to support her. Filming started in September 1928. According to George Raft's obituary, Raft made his movie debut in the film as a dancer, but his scenes were cut from the final film. The film was generally reviewed as mediocre by critics. Mordaunt Hall of "The New York Times" called it "a somewhat entertaining thriller", though he found the Document [2](Title: Morgan Earp) in Morgan's assassination. Wyatt and others pursued Stilwell and killed him. Earp then assembled and deputized a federal posse. They set out to track down others they believed responsible for shooting Virgil and killing Morgan. During the Earp Vendetta Ride, the federal posse looked for Pete Spence but found he was already in jail. They killed Florentino "Indian Charlie" Cruz, who had been identified by Pete Spence's wife as taking part in ambushing Virgil. They also accidentally came upon Curly Bill Brocius at a spring and Wyatt killed him with a single shotgun blast. Wyatt shot Johnny Barnes in the Document [3](Title: Dallas Buyers Club) 14, Dallas Roberts and Steve Zahn joined the film; Roberts would play David Wayne, Ron's defense attorney, while Zahn would play a Dallas police officer who is sympathetic to Ron. On November 26, Griffin Dunne, Denis O'Hare, and Bradford Cox joined the cast when the shooting was underway in New Orleans. McConaughey lost for the role, going from to . He reportedly stayed indoors in his Texas mansion for six months to become paler and ceased socializing and had to find new ways to entertain himself, which made him "smarter". When he reached as low as 143 lbs, his eyesight Document [4](Title: Dan August) larger audiences. In 1980, a movie titled "Dan August: Once Is Never Enough" aired on ABC. In fact, this was a re-editing of episode 15, "Death Chain," with episode 25, "Prognosis: Homicide." ABC and Quinn Martin productions were looking to further capitalize on the success of Burt Reynolds, at the time riding high on the international success of the "Smokey and the Bandit" films and the public's interest with his private life with actress Sally Field. Subsequently, another television film, editing together the Diana Muldaur and Dabney Coleman episodes ("Murder by Proxy" and "The King Is Dead"), produced "Dan August: Document [5](Title: Doc Holliday) by the edge of the spring and lay dead. The Cowboys fired a number of shots at the Earp party, but the only casualty was Vermillion's horse, which was killed. Firing his pistol, Wyatt shot Johnny Barnes in the chest and Milt Hicks in the arm. Vermillion tried to retrieve his rifle wedged in the scabbard under his fallen horse, exposing himself to the Cowboys' gunfire. Doc Holliday helped him gain cover. Wyatt had trouble remounting his horse because his cartridge belt had slipped down around his legs. Wyatt's long coat was shot through by bullets on both sides. Another Document [6](Title: A Million Ways to Die in the West) Ryan Reynolds ( uncredited ) as cowboy killed in bar Document [7](Title: Five Thousand Dollars on One Ace) sneak around the men and strike them down. Two other ambushers further down the pass hear the coyote signal and shoot two men riding on horses. When they come down they discover the dead bodies of their own comrades. Jeff and Carrancho appear behind them and take their guns. Carrancho now turns his rifle on Jeff, but Jeff has seen to it that it is empty. The two arrive at the ranch to confront and kill men sent by Dundee to look for David (Helen had told the lawyer that her brother was alive). In town Jeff kills Rossen in Question: who does ryan reynolds play in a million ways to die in the west Answer:

cowboy killed in bar

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Brazilian presidential line of succession) line of succession do not become President in those cases. Instead, the next available person in line merely becomes Acting President, and the Constitution dictates that, whenever both the presidency and the vice-presidency become vacant, new elections are to be held. So in the case of an Acting President taking office due to a double vacancy in the presidency and vice-presidency, the Acting President serves only until the special election takes place and the newly elected President and Vice-President are sworn-in. If the second vacancy triggering elections takes place in the last two years of the presidential term, the National Document [1](Title: United States presidential line of succession) The line of succession follows the order of Vice President , Speaker of the House of Representatives , President pro tempore of the Senate , and then the eligible heads of federal executive departments who form the president 's Cabinet . The Presidential Succession Act refers specifically to officers beyond the vice president acting as president rather than becoming president when filling a vacancy . The Cabinet currently has 15 members , of which the Secretary of State is first in line ; the other Cabinet secretaries follow in the order in which their department ( or the department of which their department is the successor ) was created . Those heads of department who are constitutionally ineligible to be elected to the presidency are also disqualified from assuming the powers and duties of the presidency through succession . Since 1789 , the vice president has succeeded to the presidency intra-term on nine occasions , eight times due to the incumbent 's death , and once due to resignation . No one lower in the line of succession has yet been called upon to act as president . Document [2](Title: Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution) resignation, or succession to the presidency, and these vacancies had often lasted several years. Section 3 allows the president to voluntarily transfer his authority to the vice president (for example, in anticipation of a medical procedure) by declaring in writing his inability to discharge his duties. The vice president then assumes the powers and duties of the presidency as acting president; the vice president does not become president and the president remains in office, although without authority. The president regains his powers and duties when he declares in writing that he is again ready to discharge them. Section 4 addresses Document [3](Title: President of the Senate) President of the Senate The President of the Senate is a title often given to the presiding officer of a senate, and is the speaker of other assemblies. The senate president often ranks high in a jurisdiction's succession for its top executive office: for example, the President of the Senate of Nigeria is second in line for succession to the presidency, after only the Vice President of the Federal Republic, while in France, which has no vice president, the Senate President is first in line to succeed to the Presidential powers and duties. The Argentine Senate is presided over by Document [4](Title: President) are elected by their respective regional assemblies and have similar powers to a state president or governor. Below a president, there can be a number of or "vice presidents" (or occasionally "deputy presidents") and sometimes several "assistant presidents" or "assistant vice presidents", depending on the organisation and its size. These posts do not hold the same power but more of a subordinate position to the president. However, power can be transferred in special circumstances to the deputy or vice president. Normally vice presidents hold some power and special responsibilities below that of the president. The difference between vice/deputy presidents and Document [5](Title: Designated survivor) in the event that all of their colleagues were killed, a surviving Representative and Senator could ascend to the (vacated) offices of Speaker of the House and President Pro Tempore of the Senate, offices that immediately follow the Vice President in the presidential line of succession. However, it is unclear whether a legislative designated survivor not already holding that house's leadership position could assume such a position without previously having been elected to it by a quorum of their respective house. If such a legislative designated survivor were simultaneously the sitting Speaker or President Pro Tempore – as was the Document [6](Title: Presidential Designate) Presidential Designate The Presidential Designate () was a Colombian elected official, chosen by the Senate to ensure the presidential line of succession. The title of Presidential Designate did not bring any official office or duties, its sole purpose was to replace the President in his absence, death, or inability to hold office. The title was instituted by the Colombian Constitution of 1863, to modify the presidential line of succession. In 1858 the office of the office Vice President of Colombia was abolished, and the line of succession was broken and modified, making the heads of the Ministries of Colombia the Document [7](Title: Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)) up to them to verify whether they are in compliance with the regulations regarding incompatibilities and, if not, to determine which office they will abandon. The Chamber of Representatives elects a presiding officer, known as the president, at the beginning of each parliamentary term, which starts on the second Tuesday of October each year. The President is assisted by up to five vice-presidents, two of which are known respectively as the first vice-president and the second vice-president, who are also elected at the beginning of each parliamentary term. The President is customarily a member of one of the parties forming Question: who is in charge if the president dies Answer:

Vice President

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Beta oxidation) disease as inborn errors of metabolism. Beta oxidation In biochemistry and metabolism, beta-oxidation is the catabolic process by which fatty acid molecules are broken down in the cytosol in prokaryotes and in the mitochondria in eukaryotes to generate acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle, and NADH and FADH, which are co-enzymes used in the electron transport chain. It is named as such because the beta carbon of the fatty acid undergoes oxidation to a carbonyl group. Beta-oxidation is primarily facilitated by the mitochondrial trifunctional protein, an enzyme complex associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane, although very long chain fatty Document [1](Title: Mitochondrial matrix) and NADH. Beta oxidation of fatty acids serves as an alternate catabolic pathway that produces acetyl-CoA, NADH, and FADH. The production of acetyl-CoA begins the citric acid cycle while the co-enzymes produced are used in the electron transport chain. All of the enzymes for the citric acid cycle are in the matrix (e.g. "citrate synthase, iso-citrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase") except for succinate dehydrogenase which is on the inner membrane and is part of protein complex II in the electron transport chain. The cycle produces coenzymes NADH and FADH through the oxidation of carbons in two cycles. Document [2](Title: Malate dehydrogenase) Malate dehydrogenase Malate dehydrogenase () (MDH) is an enzyme that reversibly catalyzes the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate using the reduction of NAD to NADH. This reaction is part of many metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle. Other malate dehydrogenases, which have other EC numbers and catalyze other reactions oxidizing malate, have qualified names like malate dehydrogenase (NADP). Several isozymes of malate dehydrogenase exist. There are two main isoforms in eukaryotic cells. One is found in the mitochondrial matrix, participating as a key enzyme in the citric acid cycle that catalyzes the oxidation of malate. The other is found Document [3](Title: Beta oxidation) In biochemistry and metabolism , beta - oxidation is the catabolic process by which fatty acid molecules are broken down in the cytosol in prokaryotes and in the mitochondria in eukaryotes to generate acetyl - CoA , which enters the citric acid cycle , and NADH and FADH , which are co-enzymes used in the electron transport chain . It is named as such because the beta carbon of the fatty acid undergoes oxidation to a carbonyl group . Beta - oxidation is primarily facilitated by the mitochondrial trifunctional protein , an enzyme complex associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane , although very long chain fatty acids are oxidized in peroxisomes . Document [4](Title: Mitochondrial matrix) coenzymes NADH, FADH2. Protein synthesis makes use of mitochondrial DNA, RNA, and tRNA. Regulation of processes makes use of ions(Ca/K/Mg). Additional metabolites present in the matrix are CO HO, O ATP, ADP, and P. Enzymes from processes that take place in the matrix. The Citric Acid Cycle is facilitated by Pyruvate dehydrogenase, Citrate synthase, Aconitase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, Succinyl-CoA Synthetase, Fumarase, and Malate dehydrogenase. The Urea Cycle is facilitated by Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I and Ornithine transcarbamylase. β-Oxidation uses pyruvate carboxylase, Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and 𝛽-Ketothiolase. Amino acid production is facilitated by transaminases. The inner membrane is a phospholipid bilayer Document [5](Title: Enoyl CoA isomerase) Enoyl CoA isomerase Enoyl-CoA-(∆) isomerase, also known as dodecenoyl-CoA-(∆) isomerase, 3,2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase, ∆3(cis),∆2(trans)-enoyl-CoA isomerase, or acetylene-allene isomerase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of cis- or trans-double bonds of coenzyme A (CoA) bound fatty acids at gamma-carbon (position 3) to trans double bonds at beta-carbon (position 2) as below: This enzyme has an important role in the metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids in beta oxidation. Enoyl-CoA isomerase is involved in the beta-oxidation, one of the most frequently used pathways in fatty acid degradation, of unsaturated fatty acids with double bonds at odd-numbered carbon positions. It does so by shifting Document [6](Title: Alpha-Ketobutyric acid) Alpha-Ketobutyric acid α-Ketobutyric acid is a product of the lysis of cystathionine. It is also one of the degradation products of threonine, produced by the catabolism of the amino acid by threonine dehydratase. It is also produced by the degradation of homocysteine and the metabolism of methionine. α-Ketobutyric acid is transported into the mitochondrial matrix, where it is converted to propionyl-CoA by branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. Further mitochondrial reactions produce succinyl-CoA. This is first through the enzyme mitochondria Propionyl-CoA carboxylase with biotin as a cofactor to produce ("S")-methylmalonyl-CoA. This is subsequently converted to ("R")-methylmalonyl-CoA by mitochondrial methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase. Finally, Document [7](Title: Fatty acid degradation) back into triacylglycerol, a natural mechanism to conserve energy, even in cases of starvation and exercise. Fatty acids must be activated before they can be carried into the mitochondria, where fatty acid oxidation occurs. This process occurs in two steps catalyzed by the enzyme fatty acyl-CoA synthetase. The enzyme first catalyzes nucleophilic attack on the α-phosphate of ATP to form pyrophosphate and an acyl chain linked to AMP. The next step is formation of an activated thioester bond between the fatty acyl chain and Coenzyme A. The balanced equation for the above is: RCOO + CoA + ATP → RCO-CoA Question: where does beta oxidation occur in the body Answer:

in the mitochondria in eukaryotes

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Internet protocol suite) The Internet protocol suite and the layered protocol stack design were in use before the OSI model was established . Since then , the TCP / IP model has been compared with the OSI model in books and classrooms , which often results in confusion because the two models use different assumptions and goals , including the relative importance of strict layering . Document [1](Title: Internet) or historical, or document the best current practices (BCP) when implementing Internet technologies. The Internet standards describe a framework known as the Internet protocol suite. This is a model architecture that divides methods into a layered system of protocols, originally documented in and . The layers correspond to the environment or scope in which their services operate. At the top is the application layer, space for the application-specific networking methods used in software applications. For example, a web browser program uses the client-server application model and a specific protocol of interaction between servers and clients, while many file-sharing systems use Document [2](Title: Internet protocol suite) been compared with the OSI model in books and classrooms, which often results in confusion because the two models use different assumptions and goals, including the relative importance of strict layering. This abstraction also allows upper layers to provide services that the lower layers do not provide. While the original OSI model was extended to include connectionless services (OSIRM CL), IP is not designed to be reliable and is a best effort delivery protocol. This means that all transport layer implementations must choose whether or how to provide reliability. UDP provides data integrity via a checksum but does not guarantee Document [3](Title: Transmission Control Protocol) modular architecture consisting of the "Transmission Control Protocol" at the transport layer and the "Internet Protocol" at the internet layer. The model became known informally as "TCP/IP", although formally it was henceforth referred to as the "Internet Protocol Suite". The Transmission Control Protocol provides a communication service at an intermediate level between an application program and the Internet Protocol. It provides host-to-host connectivity at the transport layer of the Internet model. An application does not need to know the particular mechanisms for sending data via a link to another host, such as the required IP fragmentation to accommodate the maximum Document [4](Title: Tunneling protocol) normally provided by the network. Typically, the delivery protocol operates at an equal or higher level in the layered model than the payload protocol. To understand a particular protocol stack imposed by tunneling, network engineers must understand both the payload and delivery protocol sets. As an example of network layer over network layer, Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE), a protocol running over IP (IP protocol number 47), often serves to carry IP packets, with RFC 1918 private addresses, over the Internet using delivery packets with public IP addresses. In this case, the delivery and payload protocols are the same, but the Document [5](Title: Link layer) Resolution Protocol (ARP), which is confined to the link layer in the TCP/IP model, is often said to fit between OSI's data link layer and the network layer. In general, direct or strict comparisons should be avoided, because the layering in TCP/IP is not a principal design criterion and in general is considered to be "harmful" (RFC 3439). Another term sometimes encountered, "network access layer", tries to suggest the closeness of this layer to the physical network. However, this use is misleading and non-standard, since the link layer implies functions that are wider in scope than just network access. Important Document [6](Title: End-to-end principle) service of the network itself. The ARPANET was the first large-scale general-purpose packet switching network implementing several of the basic notions previously touched on by Baran and Davies, and demonstrating several important aspects of the end-to-end principle: Internet Protocol (IP) is a connectionless datagram service with no delivery guarantees. On the internet, IP is used for nearly all communications. End-to-end acknowledgment and retransmission is the responsibility of the connection-oriented Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) which sits on top of IP. The functional split between IP and TCP exemplifies proper application of the end-to-end principle to transport protocol design. An example of Document [7](Title: Recursive InterNetwork Architecture (RINA)) connectionless networking while supporting all the service capabilities of connection-oriented networking. Data flows under hostile environments are far more reliable due to highly tuneable, situation-specific policies. As new demands arise, systems can be quickly reconfigured to accommodate them simply by configuring new policies. A more competitive marketplace. The particular “best-effort” architecture adopted by the Internet does relegate providers to a commodity business. The Transport Layer (TCP) effectively seals the providers off in the lower layers with IP providing a best-effort service. This implies that everyone must do the same thing or nearly so, leaving little room for differentiation and competition Question: which came first tcp/ip or osi Answer:

TCP / IP

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Alternatives to evolution by natural selection) ideal forms opposed evolution without offering an actual alternative mechanism. Richard Owen held a similar view in Britain. The Lamarckian social philosopher and evolutionist Herbert Spencer, ironically the author of the phrase "survival of the fittest" adopted by Darwin, used an argument like Cuvier's to oppose natural selection. In 1893, he stated that a change in any one structure of the body would require all the other parts to adapt to fit in with the new arrangement. From this, he argued that it was unlikely that all the changes could appear at the right moment if each one depended on Document [1](Title: Survival of the fittest) evolution, we thus find the positive and undoubted origin of our ethical conceptions; and we can affirm that in the ethical progress of man, mutual support not mutual struggle – has had the leading part. In its wide extension, even at the present time, we also see the best guarantee of a still loftier evolution of our race. "Survival of the fittest" is sometimes claimed to be a tautology. The reasoning is that if one takes the term "fit" to mean "endowed with phenotypic characteristics which improve chances of survival and reproduction" (which is roughly how Spencer understood it), then Document [2](Title: The Evolution of Cooperation) hand, the so-called "Social Darwinians" (roughly, those who would use the "survival of the fittest" of Darwinian evolution to justify the cutthroat competitiveness of laissez-faire capitalism) declaim that the world is an inherently competitive "dog eat dog" jungle, where every "individual" has to look out for himself. The writer Ayn Rand damned "altruism" and declared selfishness a virtue. The Social Darwinists' view is derived from Charles Darwin's interpretation of evolution by natural selection, which is explicitly competitive ("survival of the fittest"), Malthusian ("struggle for existence"), even gladiatorial ("red in tooth and claw"), and permeated by the Victorian laissez-faire ethos of Document [3](Title: Universal Darwinism) the domains of genetic algorithms and evolutionary computation, which develop solutions to complex problems via a process of variation and selection. Author D. B. Kelley has formulated one of the most all-encompassing approaches to Universal Darwinism. In his 2013 book "The Origin of Everything", he holds that natural selection involves not the preservation of favored races in the struggle for life, as shown by Darwin, but the preservation of favored systems in contention for existence. The fundamental mechanism behind all such stability and evolution is therefore what Kelley calls "survival of the fittest systems." Because all systems are cyclical, the Document [4](Title: Philosophy of history) human evolution. However, it was quickly transposed from its original biological field to the social field, in "social Darwinism" theories. Herbert Spencer, who coined the term "survival of the fittest", or Lewis Henry Morgan in "Ancient Society" (1877) developed evolutionist theories independent from Darwin's works, which would be later interpreted as social Darwinism. These nineteenth-century unilineal evolution theories claimed that societies start out in a "primitive" state and gradually become more civilised over time, and equated the culture and technology of Western civilisation with progress. Ernst Haeckel formulated his recapitulation theory in 1867, which stated that "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny": the Document [5](Title: Charles Darwin) & adapt it to changes", so that "One may say there is a force like a hundred thousand wedges trying force into every kind of adapted structure into the gaps of in the economy of nature, or rather forming gaps by thrusting out weaker ones." This would result in the formation of new species. As he later wrote in his "Autobiography": By mid December, Darwin saw a similarity between farmers picking the best stock in selective breeding, and a Malthusian Nature selecting from chance variants so that "every part of newly acquired structure is fully practical and perfected", thinking this Document [6](Title: On the Origin of Species) and widely diversified places in the polity of nature, and so be enabled to increase in numbers. Historians have remarked that here Darwin anticipated the modern concept of an ecological niche. He did not suggest that every favourable variation must be selected, nor that the favoured animals were better or higher, but merely more adapted to their surroundings. Darwin proposes sexual selection, driven by competition between males for mates, to explain sexually dimorphic features such as lion manes, deer antlers, peacock tails, bird songs, and the bright plumage of some male birds. He analysed sexual selection more fully in "The Document [7](Title: Survival of the fittest) Herbert Spencer first used the phrase , after reading Charles Darwin 's On the Origin of Species , in his Principles of Biology ( 1864 ) , in which he drew parallels between his own economic theories and Darwin 's biological ones : '' This survival of the fittest , which I have here sought to express in mechanical terms , is that which Mr. Darwin has called ' natural selection ' , or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life . '' Question: who coined the phrase survival of the fittest Answer:

Herbert Spencer

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Day of the Dead) The Day of the Dead ( Spanish : Día de Muertos ) is a Mexican holiday celebrated throughout Mexico , in particular the Central and South regions , and by people of Mexican heritage elsewhere . The multi-day holiday focuses on gatherings of family and friends to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died , and help support their spiritual journey . In 2008 , the tradition was inscribed in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO . Document [1](Title: All Saints' Day) called ""Undás"", ""Todos los Santos"" (Spanish, "All Saints"), and sometimes ""Araw ng mga Patay / Yumao"" (Tagalog, "Day of the dead / those who have passed away"), which actually refers to the following day of All Souls' Day but includes it. Filipinos traditionally observe this day by visiting the family dead to clean and repair their tombs. Offerings of prayers, flowers, candles, and even food, while Chinese Filipinos additionally burn incense and "kim". Many also spend the day and ensuing night holding reunions at the cemetery, having feasts and merriment. In Portugal, "Dia de Todos os Santos" is a national Document [2](Title: San Pablito, Puebla) helped to save it. Paper cutting rituals may be part of community observances. One of the main celebrations is the new year, now celebrated on January 1, as it represents renewal of the cosmos. On this day, ceremonies often take place in caves with cutouts as offerings along with food items. Day of the Dead is important in the town, like the rest of Mexico. It is celebrated here from October 31 to November 2 with a day dedicated to children, adults and saints respectively. October 31, which is for children, is then subdivided into those who died without eating Document [3](Title: Festival of the Dead) Festival of the Dead Festival of the Dead or Feast of Ancestors is held by many cultures throughout the world in honor or recognition of deceased members of the community, generally occurring after the harvest in August, September, October, or November. As an example, the Ancient Egyptian Wag Festival took place in early August. In Japanese Buddhist custom the festival honoring the departed (deceased) spirits of one's ancestors is known as the Bon Festival and is held in July or August. This annual festival begins with participants flocking towards the ocean with gifts, messages and lit lanterns for the deceased. Document [4](Title: Veneration of the dead) and Aglipayan veneration of the dead finds its greatest expression in the Philippines is the Hallowmas season between 31 October and 2 November, variously called "Undás" (based on the word for "[the] first", the Spanish "andas" or possibly "honra"), "Todos los Santos" (literally "All Saints"), and sometimes "Áraw ng mga Patáy" (lit. "Day of the Dead"), which refers to the following solemnity of All Souls' Day. Filipinos traditionally observe this day by visiting the family dead, cleaning and repairing their tombs. Common offerings are prayers, flowers, candles, and even food, while many also spend the remainder of the day and Document [5](Title: Mercado de Sonora) of white dresses for the images, as the color is associated with health and purity. Mercado de Sonora is one of the traditional markets for purchasing items related to Day of the Dead in Mexico City on 2 November. During this time, the aisles fill with items such as sugar skulls, "papel picado" (crepe paper cut into designs and hung like flags), representations of skeletons and more. There is Halloween influence as well, with items made to resemble witches, ghosts, Jack-o'-lanterns, etc. The market and the area around it are also known for the making of large and small paper Document [6](Title: Culture of Mexico) and villages hold a yearly festival to commemorate their local patron saints. During these festivities, the people pray and burn candles to honor their saints in churches decorated with flowers and colorful utensils. They also hold large parades, fireworks, dance competitions, beauty pageant contest, party and buy refreshments in the marketplaces and public squares. In the smaller towns and villages, soccer, and boxing are also celebrated during the festivities. Other festivities include Día de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe ("Our Lady of Guadalupe Day"), Las Posadas ("The Shelters", celebrated on December 16 to December 24), Noche Buena ("Holy Night", celebrated on Document [7](Title: Death anniversary) and so forth. In the Philippines, the funeral is only one part of an elaborate mourning tradition. For nine days after the funeral has taken place, novena prayers are offered in a practice called "pasiyam" (although some start the practice the night after the death). It is also customary for another service to be given on the fortieth day after the death, as it is traditionally believed that the souls of the dead wander the Earth for forty days. One year after the death, the first year death anniversary (, literally "lowering of mourning") is commemorated with the final service. Question: where is day of the dead most celebrated Answer:

Mexico

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Gerhard J. Woeginger) Twente from 2001 to 2004. He then moved to TU Eindhoven, and from Eindhoven to Aachen in 2016. He was program chair of the European Symposium on Algorithms in 1997, of the algorithms track of the International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming in 2003, and of several other conferences. In 1996, Woeginger won the Start-Preis, the highest Austrian award for scientists under the age of 35. He won a Humboldt Research Award in 2011. He was elected in 2014 to the Academia Europaea. Gerhard J. Woeginger Gerhard J. Woeginger is an Austrian mathematician and computer scientist who works in Document [1](Title: David Saltzberg) Bang Theory". In addition to reviewing and correcting scripts with technical errors, Saltzberg adds complex formulae to whiteboards on set. David also has established scientists visit the set of "The Big Bang Theory" through his "Geek of the Week" program. He has also been a science consultant on the WGN America series "Manhattan". The asteroid 8628 Davidsaltzberg is named after him. David Saltzberg David Saltzberg is a professor of physics and astronomy at the University of California, Los Angeles. Saltzberg received a Sloan Fellowship, NSF Career Award, and Department of Energy Outstanding Junior Investigator Award while an assistant professor. Saltzberg Document [2](Title: Penny (The Big Bang Theory)) the potential to be a bimbo, but she [Cucco] has developed it into a fully fleshed-out woman, who isn't as book-smart as the other characters but is wiser in so many ways. She's also a great straight person, who can get off zingers of her own". Penny (The Big Bang Theory) Penny is a fictional character on the American CBS sitcom "The Big Bang Theory", portrayed by actress Kaley Cuoco. She is the primary female character in the series, befriending her across-the-hall neighbors Leonard Hofstadter (Johnny Galecki) and Sheldon Cooper (Jim Parsons), two physicists who work at the nearby California Document [3](Title: Michel Friedman) an international law firm specializing in financial and media law. He is today a professor for real estate and media law. From 2000 until 2003, Friedman served as President of the European Jewish Congress (EJC). Friedman's career in TV began with a talk show called "Caution! Friedman" on public broadcaster "Hessischer Rundfunk" in 1998. Since 2004, he has been presenting "Studio Friedman" on Germany’s "Welt" channel. His talk show "Auf ein Wort" premiered on "Deutsche Welle" in 2017. In 2003, Friedman was convicted in a case involving prostitution and drug usage. Friedman had been accused of offering cocaine to Ukrainian Document [4](Title: Ira Flatow) to creating radio, TV, and Internet projects aimed making science user friendly. In 2009, Flatow had a voice cameo appearance as himself on the CBS sitcom "The Big Bang Theory" in "The Vengeance Formulation" (season 3, episode 9). In the episode, Flatow interviews Dr. Sheldon Cooper (Jim Parsons) on his research on magnetic monopoles. Flatow was given a co-star credit. In 2012, Flatow was referenced in the 3rd season "Archer" episode, "Skin Game", by title character Sterling Archer. In 2013, Flatow appears as himself in person for another guest-star appearance on "The Big Bang Theory", interviewing Dr. Sheldon Cooper and Document [5](Title: Simon Helberg) Simon Maxwell Helberg ( born December 9 , 1980 ) is an American actor , comedian , and musician , best known for his role as Howard Wolowitz in the sitcom The Big Bang Theory ( 2007 -- ) , for which he won a Critics ' Choice Television Award in 2013 . Document [6](Title: Teen Wolf) Michael J. Fox as Scott Howard Document [7](Title: Russell Howard) Russell Howard Russell Joseph Howard (born 24 March 1980) is an English comedian, television presenter, radio presenter and actor, best known for his TV shows "Russell Howard's Good News" and "The Russell Howard Hour" and his appearances on the topical panel TV show "Mock the Week". He won "Best Compère" at the 2006 Chortle Awards and was nominated for an if.comedy award for his 2006 Edinburgh Festival Fringe show. Howard cited comedians Lee Evans, Richard Pryor and Frank Skinner as influences. Russell was born to Dave and Ninette Howard. He has two younger siblings, twins Kerry and Daniel (born 1982). Question: who plays howard in the big bang theory Answer:

Simon Maxwell Helberg

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: The Wind in the Willows) The Wind in the Willows is a children 's novel by Kenneth Grahame , first published in 1908 . Alternately slow moving and fast - paced , it focuses on four anthropomorphised animals in a pastoral version of Edwardian England . The novel is notable for its mixture of mysticism , adventure , morality and camaraderie , and celebrated for its evocation of the nature of the Thames Valley . Document [1](Title: The Wind in the Willows (2006 film)) Toad. "In ordinary life Mr. Lucas’s frame does not suggest that he is a salad-and-pea-shoots kind of guy, and here he has fun with an exaggerated corpulence that seems to leave him channeling W. C. Fields," wrote Bellafante. David Knox wrote that "Lucas’ performance positively swamps this treatment of the classic story". Director Rachel Talalay received the 2007 Leo Award for "Best Direction in a Youth or Children's Program or Series" for the film. It was also nominated for the 2007 Satellite Award for "Best Motion Picture Made for Television" The Wind in the Willows (2006 film) The Wind in Document [2](Title: River Pang) River Pang The River Pang is a small chalk stream river in the west of the English county of Berkshire, and a tributary of the River Thames. It runs for approximately from its source near the village of Compton to its confluence with the Thames in the village of Pangbourne. The river, and its water voles, are thought to have inspired author Kenneth Grahame's character Ratty and his book "The Wind in the Willows". The river's source is normally near the village of Compton, although the exact location varies depending on rainfall levels. In times of high rainfall it can Document [3](Title: Twentieth-century English literature) back into fashion. In 1908, Kenneth Grahame (1859–1932) wrote the children's classic "The Wind in the Willows". An informal literary discussion group associated with the English faculty at the University of Oxford, were the "Inklings". Its leading members were the major fantasy novelists; C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien. Lewis is especially known for "The Chronicles of Narnia", while Tolkien is best known as the author of "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings". Another significant writer is Alan Garner author of "Elidor" (1965), while Terry Pratchett is a more recent fantasy writer. Roald Dahl rose to prominence with his Document [4](Title: The Willow Tree (novel)) his mind, he still has a desperate need for revenge. The Willow Tree (novel) The Willow Tree is a novel written by Hubert Selby, Jr. and was published in 1998. It was Selby's first novel in twenty years, since 1978's "Requiem for a Dream". The protagonist is a thirteen-year-old African American boy named Bobby who lives in an apartment in South Bronx with his mother and siblings. Despite his young age Bobby has intelligence that is superior to most of the people around him. Bobby's Hispanic girlfriend Maria often spend time together and have plans for the upcoming summer. Bobby Document [5](Title: Gabriel Willow) one of Willow's tours of the East River was described by him as the "Brothers Grimm of bird tours", during which "...we'll see herons and egrets returning to roost on abandoned islands". The Times reporter commented about Willow, "In addition to his knowledge of the peregrine falcon’s nesting habits, he has an unusual penchant for limning the history of the rocks and ruins where the birds come to roost. The story of the East River, I soon learn, is one of abandoned quarantine hospitals and fiery shipwrecks, of exploding islands and dirty, dirty water." On that particular tour, the birds Document [6](Title: Daughter of the Forest) Daughter of the Forest Daughter of the Forest is an historical fantasy novel by Juliet Marillier first published in 1999. It is loosely based on the legend of the Children of Lir and "The Six Swans" (a story that has many versions, including one by the Brothers Grimm). A girl (Sorcha) must sew six shirts from a painful nettle plant in order to save her brothers from a witch's enchantment, remaining completely mute until the task is finished. Falling in love complicates her mission. From the novel's jacket: “Lord Colum of Sevenwaters is blessed with six sons: Liam, a natural Document [7](Title: Wiggle (book)) review says, "Pair this sunny, silly book with Jonathan London's Wiggle Waggle (1999) or Katie Davis's Who Hops? (1998,both Harcourt) for an active storytime about animals in motion". Susan Dove Lempke, of Horn Book Magazine, reviewed the book saying, "This high-energy book will work well with young groups all the way to the end: “I think we’re out of wiggles now. See you wiggle soon!”". Wiggle (book) Wiggle is a children's picture book by Doreen Cronin and is illustrated by Scott Menchin. The book is about wiggling. For instance, "First wiggle where your tail would be. Then wiggle all your Question: who is the author of wind in the willows Answer:

Kenneth Grahame

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Volcanology of Mars) of fire fountains (Hawaiian eruption). These styles are also common on Mars, but the lower gravity and atmospheric pressure on Mars allow nucleation of gas bubbles (see above) to occur more readily and at greater depths than on Earth. As a consequence, Martian basaltic volcanoes are also capable of erupting large quantities of ash in Plinian-style eruptions. In a Plinian eruption, hot ash is incorporated into the atmosphere, forming a huge convective column (cloud). If insufficient atmosphere is incorporated, the column may collapse to form pyroclastic flows. Plinian eruptions are rare in basaltic volcanoes on Earth where such eruptions are Document [1](Title: Effusive eruption) gas bubbles contained within it. If the magma is not above a certain permeability threshold, it cannot degas and will erupt explosively. Additionally, at a certain threshold, fragmentation within the magma can cause an explosive eruption. This threshold is governed by the Reynolds Number, a dimensionless number in fluid dynamics that is directly proportional to fluid velocity. Eruptions will be effusive if the magma has a low ascent velocity. At higher magma ascent rates, the fragmentation within the magma passes a threshold and results in explosive eruptions. Silicic magma also exhibits this transition between effusive and explosive eruptions, but the Document [2](Title: San Pedro Sacatepéquez, San Marcos) possibly several thousand years, but its awakening was clearly indicated by a seismic swarm in the region starting in January 1902, which included a major earthquake in April 1902. The eruption began on 24 October, and the largest explosions occurred over the following two days, ejecting an estimated of magma. The pumice formed in the climactic eruption fell over an area of about , and volcanic ash was detected as far away as San Francisco, away. The eruption tore away much of the south-western flank of the volcano, leaving a crater about in diameter and about deep, stretching from just Document [3](Title: Types of volcanic eruptions) not specifically confined to them. Surtseyan eruptions can happen on land as well, and are caused by rising magma that comes into contact with an aquifer (water-bearing rock formation) at shallow levels under the volcano. The products of Surtseyan eruptions are generally oxidized palagonite basalts (though andesitic eruptions do occur, albeit rarely), and like Strombolian eruptions Surtseyan eruptions are generally continuous or otherwise rhythmic. A distinct defining feature of a Surtseyan eruption is the formation of a pyroclastic surge (or "base surge"), a ground hugging radial cloud that develops along with the eruption column. Base surges are caused by the Document [4](Title: 2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi) mountain's slopes was much more rapid this time around, indicating a higher-pressure build-up of gas and hence a much more explosive eruption and speculated that Merapi may erupt explosively, as it did in 1930, and not just eject gas as in 2006 eruptions. By 5 November, following a week of ongoing explosive eruptions, experts monitoring Merapi were reported as being "baffled" as, despite earlier predictions that the eruptions following the initial blast in the prior week would ease pressure building up behind a magma dome, instead the eruptions intensified. An estimated 50 million cubic metres of volcanic material had been Document [5](Title: Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79) Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 Mount Vesuvius, a stratovolcano in modern-day Italy, erupted in AD 79 in one of the most catastrophic volcanic eruptions in European history. Historians have learned about the eruption from the eyewitness account of Pliny the Younger, a Roman administrator and poet. The event is the namesake for the Vesuvian type of volcanic eruptions. Mount Vesuvius violently spewed forth a deadly cloud of super-heated tephra and gases to a height of , ejecting molten rock, pulverized pumice and hot ash at a massive rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing 100,000 times the Document [6](Title: Types of volcanic eruptions) Magmatic eruptions produce juvenile clasts during explosive decompression from gas release . They range in intensity from the relatively small lava fountains on Hawaii to catastrophic Ultra-Plinian eruption columns more than 30 km ( 19 mi ) high , bigger than the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 that buried Pompeii . Document [7](Title: Mount St. Helens) May 18, a second earthquake, of magnitude 5.1, triggered a massive collapse of the north face of the mountain. It was the largest known debris avalanche in recorded history. The magma in St. Helens burst forth into a large-scale pyroclastic flow that flattened vegetation and buildings over . More than 1.5 million metric tons of sulfur dioxide was released into the atmosphere. On the Volcanic Explosivity Index scale, the eruption was rated a five, and categorized as a Plinian eruption. The collapse of the northern flank of St. Helens mixed with ice, snow, and water to create lahars (volcanic mudflows). Question: where do volcanic eruptions generally occur give one example Answer:

Magmatic eruptions

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Friendly number) that "n" and formula_6 are coprime are not coloured here, though they are known to be solitary. Other numbers have unknown status and are . A number that belongs to a singleton club, because no other number is friendly with it, is a solitary number. All prime numbers are known to be solitary, as are powers of prime numbers. More generally, if the numbers "n" and σ("n") are coprime – meaning that the greatest common divisor of these numbers is 1, so that σ("n")/"n" is an irreducible fraction – then the number "n" is solitary . For a prime number Document [1](Title: Deficient number) numbers with "σ"("n") = 2"n", and abundant numbers with "σ"("n") > 2"n". The natural numbers were first classified as either deficient, perfect or abundant by Nicomachus in his "Introductio Arithmetica" (circa 100 CE). Deficient number In number theory, a deficient or deficient number is a number "n" for which the sum of divisors "σ"("n")<2"n", or, equivalently, the sum of proper divisors (or aliquot sum) "s"("n")<"n". The value 2"n" − "σ"("n") (or "n" − "s"("n")) is called the number's deficiency. The first few deficient numbers are: As an example, consider the number 21. Its proper divisors are 1, 3 and 7, Document [2](Title: Aliquot sequence) number, other than perfect numbers themselves (6, 28, 496, ...), are Numbers whose Aliquot sequence terminates in a cycle with length at least 2 are Numbers whose Aliquot sequence is not known to be finite or eventually periodic are A number that is never the successor in an aliquot sequence is called an untouchable number. An important conjecture due to Catalan, sometimes called the Catalan–Dickson conjecture, is that every aliquot sequence ends in one of the above ways: with a prime number, a perfect number, or a set of amicable or sociable numbers. The alternative would be that a number Document [3](Title: Potentially all pairwise rankings of all possible alternatives) an ‘undominated pair’ is a pair of alternatives where one is characterized by a higher ranked category for at least one criterion and a lower ranked category for at least one other criterion than the other alternative, and hence a judgement is required for the alternatives to be pairwise ranked. Conversely, the alternatives in a ‘dominated pair’ (e.g. 121 "vs" 111 – corresponding to a1 + b2 + c1 "vs" a1 + b1 + c1) are inherently pairwise ranked due to one having a higher category for at least one criterion and none lower for the other criteria (and no Document [4](Title: Friendly number) A number that is not part of any friendly pair is called solitary . Document [5](Title: Polite number) odd factors (including in this case the trivial representation "n" = "n" and the trivial odd factor 1). If a polite representation starts with 1, the number so represented is a triangular number More generally, it is the difference of two nonconsecutive triangular numbers formula_6 In either case, it is called a trapezoidal number. That is, the polite numbers are simply trapezoidal numbers. One can also consider polite numbers whose only polite representations start with 1. The only such numbers are the triangular numbers with only one nontrivial odd divisor, because for those numbers, according to the bijection described earlier, Document [6](Title: The Prisoner) peacefully living out their lives. They do not use names, but have been assigned numbers, which give no clue as to any person's status within the Village, whether as inmate or guard. Potential escapees therefore have no idea whom they can and cannot trust. The protagonist is assigned Number Six, but he repeatedly refuses the pretence of his new identity. Number Six is monitored heavily by Number Two, the Village administrator, who acts as an agent for the unseen "Number One". A variety of techniques are used by Number Two to try to extract information from Number Six, including hallucinogenic Document [7](Title: Telephone numbers in Hong Kong) numbers which are now eight-digit. A '7' was prefixed to existing pager service numbers. Before the introduction of portable fixed line numbers, numbers were assigned in a pattern akin to districts. For example, in addition to the existing 3, 5 and 0 prefixes, a 4 prefix was used for Tuen Mun and Yuen Long, 6 for Tai Po and Sha Tin, and 8 for Island East. Numbers starting with '3' were introduced when '2' for fixed lines started running out. Cell phone numbers remain eight-digit. The number '6' started to be used when numbers started with '9' were running out. Question: numbers which do not make pairs are called Answer:

solitary

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Pádraigín Ní Uallacháin) in particular. At the time, Pádraigín was studying the traditions, songs and people of the area. The album was again released on the Gael Linn label and features influential Irish musicians and singers, including Steve Cooney, Liam O'Flynn, Liam Ó Maonlaí and Máire Breatnach. The following year, Ní Uallacháin's book, "A Hidden Ulster: People, songs and traditions of Oriel" was published with Four Courts Press, featuring 540 pages of rare songs, their histories, biographies of authors, collectors and scribes and documentation of folk traditions in Oriel from the 17th century onwards. Television and radio programmes and series were produced, based Document [1](Title: The Rare Ould Times) '' The Rare Ould Times '' is a song composed by Pete St. John in the 1970s for the Dublin City Ramblers . It is sometimes called '' Dublin in the Rare Ould Times '' , '' The Rare Old Times '' , or '' The Rare Auld Times '' . Document [2](Title: Once Upon a Time in the Oued) for holidays in Algeria, he sailed clandestinely in the luggage of the Sabri family to fulfill his dream and finally know his "roots". Just arrived on the Algerian coast, Johnny feels like home. Once Upon a Time in the Oued Once Upon a Time in the Oued (or Il était une fois dans l'oued) is a 2005 French comedy film directed by Djamel Bensalah. Johnny Leclerc, from a Norman mother and an Alsatian father lives in a company in suburban city of his friends, mostly North Africans. He behaves like a Muslim, make the Ramadan and wear a djelaba. He Document [3](Title: The Irish Times) "The Irish Times" publishes its residential property supplement every Thursday, one of the printed residential property listings for the Dublin area. This is also online. Motoring and employment supplements are published on Wednesday and Friday respectively, and are also online. A business supplement is published every Friday, as is an entertainment supplement called "The Ticket", with film, music, theatre reviews, interviews, articles, and media listings. It features cinema writer Donald Clarke and music writers Jim Carroll, Brian Boyd, Tony Clayton-Lea and others. Michael Dwyer, the distinguished film critic and recipient of the Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres, wrote for Document [4](Title: History Never Repeats) UK, the Netherlands, Spain, and Portugal with different artwork and track listings. History Never Repeats "History Never Repeats" was a single written by Neil Finn and recorded by Split Enz for their 1981 "Waiata" album. The song remains one of their most popular. The video was the 12th to be played by MTV upon its launch in 1981. In 2001 the song was voted by members of APRA as the 57th best New Zealand song of the 20th century. The guitar bridge in this song, played by Neil Finn, was originally featured in an old Phil Judd song, "Bergen Aan Document [5](Title: Time Is a Thief) take influence from such bands as, Billy Talent, Biffy Clyro, Rage Against The Machine, Alexisonfire, Deftones, The Smiths, Pink Floyd, Guns N' Roses, Bruce Springsteen, Counting Crows, Nine Inch Nails & Queens of the Stone Age. <div class="left" > Time Is a Thief Time Is A Thief was a four-piece rock band from Cork, Ireland formed in 2007. The final line up was composed of Adam Carroll (vocals), James Keane (guitar, vocals), Micheal Murphy (bass, vocals) and Jeffrey Hayes (drums). Time Is A Thief were formed by founding members Adam Carroll, James Keane & Micheal Murphy in late 2007. The Document [6](Title: Dennis Embleton) wrote a document on the peculiarities of the local dialect in 1887, followed by a “canny little poem” called “The Ahd Pitman's Po'try tiv ees Marrah”. This poem appeared in the Newcastle Courant around 1890 with no indication of authorship, but Thomas Allan in his Illustrated Edition of Tyneside Songs attributed it to Embleton. This was later shown to be correct when details of his works were produced and printed with his bibliographical details in his official obituary. Includes :- and June 1884 ; Note on the occurrence of Shrimps in the Tyne and Note on the capture of Tunnies Document [7](Title: The Minstrel Boy) notably associated with organisations that historically had a heavy representation of Irish-Americans, in particular the police and fire departments of New York, Boston and Chicago and those of various other major US metropolitan areas, even after those organisations have ceased to have a substantial over-representation of personnel of Irish ancestry. The melody is frequently played, typically on bagpipes, at funerals of members and/or officers of such organisations who have died or been killed in service. Unsurprisingly, given its lyrics, it is also associated with the Irish Army and with traditionally Irish regiments in the armies of the United Kingdom and Question: who wrote dublin in the rare old times Answer:

Pete St. John

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: David Martin (mayor)) dreams of attending college. Students enroll in a ten-year mentoring program beginning in Grade 3. In 2016, 57 students were enrolled in the program. In 2017 the first students, who entered the Starfish program 10 years earlier as 3rd graders, were successfully admitted to college. Martin has two daughters, Rachel and Sarah, who are both graduates of Stamford Public Schools. His wife Judy left a career in corporate America to become a reading teacher at one of Stamford's elementary schools, where she worked since 2007 until the week of her death on November 10, 2016. Martin made tackling unfunded pension Document [1](Title: Heart of America (film)) High School, and there are multiple storylines about this. The principal, Harold Lewis, must discipline English teacher William Pratt, who has let his professional frustrations get the better of him, while guidance counselor Vanessa Jones attempts to get through to student drug dealer Wex Presley, who is ruining her students. Meanwhile, Principal Lewis' daughter, Karen, is having trouble with her boyfriend, Tommy Bruno, outcast Dara McDermott craves drugs, a pregnant girl named Robin Walters argues with her boyfriend, Kevin Rhodes about her future options; and bully Ricky Herman begins to recognize the consequences of his actions. Unbeknownst to these people, Document [2](Title: St. Catherine High School) Matthew Ashe Building on the Junior Campus. Named in honour of a founding father, it added eight new classrooms and other facilities to the plant. Following was Mrs. Colleen Brown who served as principal from 1993 to 1999. Mrs. Joan Tyser-Mills OD. JP. served as principal from 1999 to 2008. A notable achievement during her tenure was the historic 2005 Manning Cup team that reached the semifinals of the competition. She also opened the Guidance Center on the Senior Campus and started to beautify the campus through planting many Royal Palm trees. Ms. Claudia Neale, an alumnae, acted as principal Document [3](Title: Boys' Night Out (film)) graduate student writing her thesis on the "adolescent fantasies of the adult suburban male." Her skeptical advisor, Dr. Prokosch (Oskar Homolka), objects, "Can you look like 'yes' and act like 'no?' ... This a nice girl hasn't learned." Cathy responds, "No? This is what a nice girl has learned "best"." When they start calling on her individually in the evenings, she encourages them to talk, all the while secretly recording their conversations. Cathy deftly avoids being seduced by the married men, although each lets the others think he has slept with her. She supplies what each one really wants: Howie Document [4](Title: Carmel Jackson) Matthew is unwilling but after Carmel's father has a stroke, Maxine brings the children to Carmel so they move in with her and Matthew. He resents them as Carmel's time is being diverted from him; finding Junior, in particular, difficult to cope with. They regularly clash, causing further animosity between Matthew and Carmel and Matthew becomes violent again, punching Carmel during an argument about Junior. She has some nasty bruises but once again a tearful Matthew convinces her to forgive him. Matthew's behaviour alternates between contrite and caring to hot-tempered and violent, for seemingly no reason. Nevertheless, Carmel loves him Document [5](Title: American High (TV series)) "Yearbook" also covered the lives of suburban Chicago high school students. Kaytee’s gift for song steers an inner turmoil about her future. Morgan’s sullen and needy exterior masks his true compassion. After revealing his deepest secret to his peers, what’s next for Brad? Who are they? These are real teenagers who unleash their adolescent anxieties amid their triumphs in American High. At the brink of adulthood, they face some of the toughest decisions and harshest realizations of their lives during the 1999-2000 school year at a suburban Chicago high school. But these kids aren’t actors. The situations aren’t contrived. The Document [6](Title: Because of Mr. Terupt) role they played; however, it soon becomes obvious that the teacher's influence on them continues even when he is unable to interact with them. Jeffrey, who has long felt guilty because his stem cell and bone marrow donations were unable to save his brother's life, finally reaches out to his grieving parents and tries to put his family together again. Danielle approaches her conservative, religious family in the hope of getting them to accept her friendship with Anna, whose single mother has been left out since becoming pregnant as a teenager. Alexia comes to terms with the events that have Document [7](Title: The Girl Next Door (2004 film)) Ambitious high school senior Matthew Kidman ( Emile Hirsch ) has been accepted to Georgetown University , but can not afford the tuition . He has raised $25,000 in order to bring a brilliant Cambodian student , Samnang , to study in the United States , but finds little else truly memorable about his high school experience . His life suddenly changes when Danielle ( Elisha Cuthbert ) moves in next door . Matthew witnesses her undressing from his bedroom window , until she sees him and storms over , knocking on the door and introducing herself to his parents . They suggest to Matthew that he show Danielle around town . Question: who plays the girl in the girl next door Answer:

Elisha Cuthbert

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Penem) Penem A penem is a type of unsaturated β-lactam. An example is faropenem. Penems are similar in structure to carbapenems. However, where penems have a sulfur, carbapenems have another carbon. There are no known naturally occurring penems; all of them are synthetically made. Penem molecules do not occur naturally, and production of penems is an entirely synthetic process. Although structurally distinct, the penems are often confused with the carbapenem class of drugs. Five main penem subgroups — thiopenems, oxypenems, aminopenems, alkylpenems, and arylpenems — have been produced and are distinguished by the side chain (at position 2) of the unsaturated Document [1](Title: Ertapenem) Ertapenem is a carbapenem antibiotic marketed by Merck as Invanz . It is structurally very similar to meropenem in that it possesses a 1 - β - methyl group . Other members of the carbapenem group ( imipenem , doripenem , and meropenem ) are broadly active antibacterials that are used for infections caused by difficult to treat or multidrug - resistant bacteria ( such as ESBL expressing Klebsiella pneumonia ) . They have very short serum half - lives and must be administered by intravenous infusion every 6 to 8 hours . Ertapenem differs from other carbapenems in having a somewhat less broad spectrum of activity ( not against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) , and in that its extended serum half - life allows it to be administered once every 24 hours . Document [2](Title: Enterobacter cloacae) 100.Glupczynskia Y, Huanga TD, Bouchahroufa W et al. Rapid emergence and spread of OXA-48-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Belgian hospitals. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents39,168–172 (2012). 101.Poirel L, Ros A, Carrër A et al. Cross-border transmission of OXA-48-producing Enterobacter cloacae from Morocco to France. J. Antimicrob. Chemother.66,1181–1182 (2011). 102.Szabó D, Silveira F, Hujer AM et al. Outer membrane protein changes and efflux pump expression together may confer resistance to ertapenem in Enterobacter cloacae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.50(8),2833–2835 (2006). 103.Chow JW, Fine MJ, Shlaes DM et al. Enterobacter bacteremia: clinical features and emergence of antibiotic resistance during therapy. Ann. Intern. Med.115,585–590 (1991). 104.Choi Document [3](Title: Enterobacter cloacae) L. Global spread of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae. Emerg. Infect. Dis.17,1791–1798 (2011). 74.Naas T, Nordmann P. Analysis of a carbapenem-hydrolyzing class A beta-lactamase from Enterobacter cloacae and of its LysR-type regulatory protein. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA91,7693–7697 (1994). 75.Radice M, Power P, Gutkind G et al. First class A carbapenemase isolated from Enterobacteriaceae in Argentina. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.48,1068–1069 (2004). 76.Pottumarthy S, Moland ES, Jeretschko S, Swanzy SR, Thomson KS, Fritsche TR. NmcA carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzyme in Enterobacter cloacae in North America. Emerg. Infect. Dis.9,999–1002 (2003). 77.Naas T, Cattoen C, Bernusset S, Cuzon G, Nordmann P. First Identification of bla IMI-1 in an Document [4](Title: Faropenem) Faropenem Faropenem is an orally active beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the penem group. It is resistant to some forms of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. It is available for oral use. Faropenem was developed by Daiichi Asubio Pharma, which markets it in two forms. As of 8 September 2015, Faropenem has yet to receive marketing approval in the United States, and was submitted for consideration by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on 20 December 2005. The new drug application dossier submitted included these proposed indications: The FDA refused to approve faropenem, an antibiotic manufactured by Louisville-based Replidyne. The FDA said Document [5](Title: Thienamycin) in >90% purity, allowing for the structural elucidation of thienamycin in 1979 (Figure 1). Thienamycin was the first among the naturally occurring class of carbapenem antibiotics to be discovered and isolated. Carbapenems are similar in structure to their antibiotic “cousins” the penicillins. Like penicillins, carbapenems contain a β-lactam ring (cyclic amide) fused to a five-membered ring. Carbapenems differ in structure from penicillins in that within the five-membered ring a sulfur is replaced by a carbon atom (C1) and an unsaturation is present between C2 and C3 in the five-membered ring. "In vitro", thienamycin employs a similar mode of action as Document [6](Title: Tuberculosis management) with rifampicin. Efavirenz may be used, but dose used depends on the patient's weight (600 mg daily if weight less than 50 kg; 800 mg daily if weight greater than 50 kg). Efavirenz levels should be checked early after starting treatment (unfortunately, this is not a service routinely offered in the US, but is readily available in the UK). The protease inhibitors should be avoided if at all possible: patients on rifamycins and protease inhibitors have an increased risk of treatment failure or relapse. The WHO warns against using thioacetazone in patients with HIV, because of the 23% risk of Document [7](Title: Enalapril) was replaced by a carboxylate moiety, but additional modifications were required in its structure-based design to achieve a potency similar to captopril. Enalaprilat, however, had a problem of its own in that it had poor oral availability. This was overcome by the researchers at Merck by the esterification of enalaprilat with ethanol to produce enalapril. Merck introduced enalapril to market in 1981; it became Merck's first billion dollar-selling drug in 1988. The patent expired in 2000, opening the way for generics. Package insert at DailyMed: dailymed-nlm-nih.gov Enalapril Enalapril, sold under the brand name Vasotec among others, is a medication used Question: how long does invanz stay in your system Answer:

24 hours

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Optics and Photonics News) Optics and Photonics News Optics & Photonics News is the membership magazine of The Optical Society. It is published monthly (with a double issue in July/August) and covers developments in optics, photonics, and related topics in physics and engineering. It was established in 1975 as "Optics News". The magazine adopted a regular bimonthly publication schedule beginning in 1982 and transitioned to monthly publication in 1985. The name of the publication was changed to "Optics & Photonics News" in January 1990, in light of the dramatic growth of photonics as a new discipline in the wake of the discovery of the Document [1](Title: Laser & Photonics Reviews) category "Physics Applied", and 11th out of 69 journals in the category "Physics Condensed Matter". Laser & Photonics Reviews Laser & Photonics Reviews is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on all aspects of optical science. It is published by Wiley-VCH and contains reviews and original papers/letters. The journal was established in 2007 by the founding editor-in-chief Theodor W. Hänsch (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich). Originally, the journal only published review articles. Since 2012, it also contains original papers and letters. According to the "Journal Citation Reports", the journal had a 2011 impact factor of 7.388, ranking it 2nd Document [2](Title: Anthony M. Johnson) papers, two book chapters, and holds four U.S. patents. He provides unceasing service to the optics community as an active member of a number of professional organizations and scientific commissions. His roles have included: Editor-in-Chief of Optics Letters and Editor; member of OSA’s Board of Directors and Board of Editors; member of the National Research Council’s Committee on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Science, and the Board on Assessment of NIST Programs; member of the governing boards of the American Institute of Physics, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Lasers & Electro-Optics Society (LEOS), and the Executive Board Document [3](Title: Clinical and Experimental Optometry) Optometrical Association in the same year. The journal was renamed to the Australasian Journal of Optometry in 1929, to the Australian Journal of Optometry in 1959, and to its current title in 1986. It became an exclusively scholarly journal when it stopped publishing news articles in 1979. Clinical and Experimental Optometry Clinical and Experimental Optometry is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering optometry. It is published by John Wiley & Sons on behalf of Optometry Australia, the New Zealand Association of Optometrists, the Hong Kong Society of Professional Optometrists, and the Singapore Optometric Association, of which it is the official Document [4](Title: I.O.R.) Cold War era manufacturers that survived the transition to a non communist era rather well. This was due in no small part to their close associations with Western European manufacturers and their 1970s modernization. Other manufacturers like the Russian Novosibirsk Instrument Making Plant and Belorussian Zenit company have not been as successful in entering the Western market. Guns Magazine, Sept, 2003 by David M. Fortier; "SOF Field Tests Tactical Optics From Romania" By David M. Fortier January and February Soldier of Fortune 2003. I.O.R. Întreprinderea Optică Română ("Romanian Optical Enterprise"), often abbreviated by the acronym IOR, is a major optics Document [5](Title: Gerald Westheimer) with an endowment for their upkeep. According to Westheimer, the purpose of this collection is to “enable talented young Australian artists studying at the Conservatorium to perfect their performance skills on high quality instruments”. Scientific<br> 1978 Tillyer Medal, Optical Society of America<br> 1979 Proctor Medal, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)<br> 1984 Fellow, Royal Society of London <br> 1986 von Sallman International Prize in Vision and Ophthalmology, Columbia University <br> 1986 C.F. Prentice Medal, American Academy of Optometry <br> 1988 Bicentennial Medal, Australian Optometric Association <br> 1992 Ferrier Lecture, Royal Society of London <br> 1994 Fellow, American Academy Document [6](Title: American Optometric Association) meeting the eye care needs of the public." The objectives of AOA are centered on improving the quality and availability of eye and vision care. The AOA fulfills its missions in accordance with the following goals: The AOA had its own journal, called "Optometry – Journal of the American Optometric Association", published by Elsevier until 2012. It currently publishes relevant articles under the News section of their website. In 2015, the World Council of Optometry (WCO) relocated to the AOA headquarters in St Louis. American Optometric Association The American Optometric Association (AOA), founded in 1898, represents approximately 37,000 doctors of Document [7](Title: Journal of Optics (IOP Publishing journal)) Journal of Optics Former names Revue Générale d'Optique et de Mechanique de Précision , Revue d'Optique , Nouvelle Revue d'Optique Appliquée ISO 4 abbreviation J. Opt . Discipline Optics , photonics Language English Edited by Nikolay I. Zheludev Publication details Publisher IOP Publishing Publication history 1912 - present Frequency Monthly Impact factor ( 2014 ) 2.059 Indexing ISSN 2040 - 8978 ( print ) 2040 - 8986 ( web ) 2010238158 OCLC no . 506264207 Links Journal homepage Journal of Optics A Journal of Optics B Question: journal of optics a pure and applied optics abbreviation Answer:

J. Opt .

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: 2014 Boston College Eagles football team) rushing for 57 yards, and Myles Willis gaining 48 yards, totaling 413 team yards gained. Josh Bordner also caught one touchdown and 64 yards on three catches to lead the receivers. Despite early success, BC was defeated 24–21 by Colorado State in a similar game to the loss vs. Pittsburgh. Both offenses sputtered in the start of the first half, with BC picking off Colorado State twice, once in the red zone, to keep the game scoreless. The Eagles running game scored twice in the second quarter with Jonathan Hilliman rushing for almost 100 yards and a score. The Rams Document [1](Title: 2013 Baylor Bears football team) quarter, and the WVU defense accounted for one final touchdown, returning one of Russell's two interceptions on the day for a score. In advancing to 4–0 for the first time since 1991, Baylor finished the day with 864 yards of total offense, breaking the Big 12 record (807 yards) held by WVU (set by the Mountaineers against the Bears in their previous meeting). Of that yardage, 369 came in the first quarter, and 617 came in the first half; both totals represent the most by a team in a single quarter and in a first half, respectively, in the last Document [2](Title: Robert Newhouse) #12 in the AP Poll. In 1970, the team finished 8–3 and ranked 19th. In 1971, the team finished 9–3 and ranked 17th. Before his senior season started, he suffered a cracked pelvis in a serious automobile accident, because at the time the redshirt option didn't exist, he went on to play with the injury. He was a tri-captain of the 1971 team, along with Gary Mullins and Frank Ditta. His 1,757 rushing yards were the second most yards in a season in NCAA history and the most in school history at the time. He received second-team All-American honors by Document [3](Title: 2006 Alabama Crimson Tide football team) quarter. Vanderbilt responded with ten second quarter points to take a 10–3 halftime lead after Bryant Hahnfeldt first connected on a 42-yard field goal and Chris Nickson threw a six-yard touchdown pass to Earl Bennett. The Crimson Tide tied the game on their first drive of the third quarter when John Parker Wilson hit D. J. Hall for a 31-yard touchdown reception. Tiffin then scored the game-winning field goal from 47 yards out to give Alabama the 13–10 victory. The victory improved Alabama's all-time record against the Commodores to 57–19–4 (60–18–4 without NCAA vacations and forfeits). Sources: The Crimson Tide Document [4](Title: 2010 Alabama Vipers season) took a 54–53 lead on a Brian Jackson field goal from 8 yards out. Their lead would carry into the 4th quarter, when Alabama took control of the game with a pair of touchdown passes by Kevin Eakin. Larry Shipp had a 48-yard rushing touchdown with just over a minute left. The Iron scored a touchdown with 39 seconds remaining to cut Alabama's lead to 8 points, but the Vipers recovered the ensuing onside kick and ran the clock out for the win. Eakin finished with 221 yards and 7 touchdowns. C.J. Johnson was the leading receiver with 91 yards Document [5](Title: List of National Football League records (team)) Most Yards Gained , Both Teams , Game , 1,151 Document [6](Title: Super Bowl X) quarter. Dallas responded on their next drive, advancing the ball 51 yards, all rushing, (30 of them on five carries from fullback Robert Newhouse) before incurring a third down false start penalty, and scoring on kicker Toni Fritsch's 36-yard field goal to take a 10–7 lead early in the second quarter. The 51 rushing yards the Cowboys amassed on the drive tripled what the Minnesota Vikings gained against Pittsburgh for all of Super Bowl IX. The Steelers subsequently advanced to the Cowboys' 36-yard line on their next possession, but on fourth down and two, Bradshaw's pass was broken up by Document [7](Title: 1994 Michigan Wolverines football team) percentage to establish the current record; tying Grbac's 23 150-yard game total, which was eclipsed by John Navarre in 2003; and surpassing Jim Harbaugh's 12 career 200-yard game total set in 1986 with 14, which was surpassed by Tom Brady in 1999. His 352-yard passing performance on November 12 against Minnesota, which surpassed Harbaugh's 1986 310-yard performance, was a school record that stood for a year until surpassed by Scott Dreisbach. Amani Toomer broke Jack Clancy's single-season reception yard record of 1077 set in 1966, but David Terrell eclipsed this mark in 2000. The following players were claimed in the Question: most total offensive yards in a game nfl Answer:

1,151

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Saliva) Saliva is a watery substance formed in the mouths of animals , secreted by the salivary glands . Human saliva comprises 98 % water , plus electrolytes , mucus , white blood cells , epithelial cells ( from which DNA can be extracted ) , glycoproteins , enzymes ( such as amylase and lipase ) , antimicrobial agents such as secretory IgA and lysozyme . The enzymes found in saliva are essential in beginning the process of digestion of dietary starches and fats . These enzymes also play a role in breaking down food particles entrapped within dental crevices , thus protecting teeth from bacterial decay . Furthermore , saliva serves a lubricative function , wetting food and permitting the initiation of swallowing , and protecting the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity from desiccation . Document [1](Title: Digestion) cephalic phase in which saliva is produced in the mouth and digestive enzymes are produced in the stomach. Mechanical and chemical digestion begin in the mouth where food is chewed, and mixed with saliva to begin enzymatic processing of starches. The stomach continues to break food down mechanically and chemically through churning and mixing with both acids and enzymes. Absorption occurs in the stomach and gastrointestinal tract, and the process finishes with defecation. The human gastrointestinal tract is around 9 meters long. Food digestion physiology varies between individuals and upon other factors such as the characteristics of the food and Document [2](Title: Saliva) by brushing them away. Therefore, licking would be a way of wiping off pathogens, useful if clean water is not available to the animal or person. In Pavlov's experiment, dogs were conditioned to salivate in response to a ringing bell, this stimulus is associated with a meal or hunger. Salivary secretion is also associated with nausea. Saliva is usually formed in the mouth through an act called gleeking, which can be voluntary or involuntary. A number of commercially available saliva substitutes exist. Saliva Saliva is a fluid substance formed in the mouths of animals, secreted by the salivary glands. Human Document [3](Title: Tooth decay) cariogenicity. Sucrose, although a bound glucose and fructose unit, is in fact more cariogenic than a mixture of equal parts of glucose and fructose. This is due to the bacteria utilising the energy in the saccharide bond between the glucose and fructose subunits. "S.mutans" adheres to the biofilm on the tooth by converting sucrose into an extremely adhesive substance called dextran polysaccharide by the enzyme dextransucranase. The frequency with which teeth are exposed to cariogenic (acidic) environments affects the likelihood of caries development. After meals or snacks, the bacteria in the mouth metabolize sugar, resulting in an acidic by-product that Document [4](Title: Carbonic anhydrase VI) Carbonic anhydrase VI Carbonic anhydrase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the "CA6" gene. It is also called 'gustin' because of its presence in saliva, and lower-than-normal levels of salivary zinc in individuals with hypogeusia. The protein encoded by this gene is one of several isozymes of carbonic anhydrase. This protein is abundantly found in salivary glands and saliva and protein may play a role in the reversible hydratation of carbon dioxide, though its function in saliva is unknown. It has been suggested that CA VI participates in the maintenance of appropriate pH homeostasis on tooth Document [5](Title: Oral microbiology) Oral microbiology Oral microbiology is the study of the microorganisms (microbiota) of the oral cavity and their interactions between oral microorganisms or with the host. The environment present in the human mouth allows the growth of characteristic microorganisms found there. It provides a source of water and nutrients, as well as a moderate temperature. Resident microbes of the mouth adhere to the teeth and gums to resist mechanical flushing from the mouth to stomach where acid-sensitive microbes are destroyed by hydrochloric acid. Anaerobic bacteria in the oral cavity include: "Actinomyces", "Arachnia", "Bacteroides", "Bifidobacterium", "Eubacterium", "Fusobacterium", "Lactobacillus", "Leptotrichia", "Peptococcus", "Peptostreptococcus", "Propionibacterium", Document [6](Title: Sucrose) and insulin resistance. Human beings have long sought sugars, but aside from wild honey and fruits, have not had access to the large quantities that characterize the modern diet after the industrial age. Studies have indicated potential links between consumption of free sugars, including sucrose which is particularly prevalent in processed foods, and health hazards, including obesity and tooth decay. It is also considered as causing endogenous glycation processes since it metabolises into glucose and fructose in the body. Tooth decay (dental caries) has become a pronounced health hazard associated with the consumption of sugars, especially sucrose. Oral bacteria such Document [7](Title: Mouthwash) used in individuals who are at high risk of dental decay, due to dental caries or people with xerostomia. Flavoring agents include sweeteners such as sorbitol, sucralose, sodium saccharin, and xylitol, which stimulate salivary function due to their sweetness and taste and helps restore the mouth to a neutral level of acidity. Xylitol rinses double as a bacterial inhibitor and have been used as substitute for Alcohol to avoid dryness of mouth associated with Alcohol. Hydrogen peroxide can be used as an oxidizing mouthwash (e.g. Peroxyl, 1.5%). It kills anaerobic bacteria, and also has a mechanical cleansing action when it Question: where is amylase secreted in the human body Answer:

Saliva

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Zeus) Zeus ( / zj uː s / ; Greek : Ζεύς Zeús ( zdeǔ̯s ) ) is the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion , who rules as king of the gods of Mount Olympus . His name is cognate with the first element of his Roman equivalent Jupiter . His mythologies and powers are similar , though not identical , to those of Indo - European deities such as Indra , Jupiter , Perkūnas , Perun , Thor , and Odin . Document [1](Title: Greek hero cult) Hera", even though he was tormented all his life by the queen of the gods. This was even truer in their cult appearances. Perhaps the most striking example is the Athenian king Erechtheus, whom Poseidon killed for choosing Athena over him as the city's patron god. When the Athenians worshiped Erechtheus on the Acropolis, they invoked him as "Poseidon Erechtheus". Greek hero cult Hero cults were one of the most distinctive features of ancient Greek religion. In Homeric Greek, "hero" (, ) refers to a man who fought (on either side) during the Trojan War. By the historical period, however, Document [2](Title: Greek Heroic Age) of the founding narratives of various city-states. They also became the ancestors of later heroes. The Phoenician prince Cadmus, was the first Greek hero. The grandson of Poseidon (through his father Agenor), he founded Thebes Perseus, famous for his exploits well before the days of his great-grandson, Heracles, was the son of Zeus. Perseus beheaded the Medusa, saved Andromeda from the sea monster Cetus, and was the legendary founder of Mycenae. Aeacus was also a son of Zeus. Bellerophon was descended from the nymph, Orseis. Oenomaus, king of Pisa, in the Peloponnese, was the son of Ares. The excellence of Document [3](Title: Ancient Greece) of Greek art inspired generations of European artists. Well into the 19th century, the classical tradition derived from Greece dominated the art of the western world. Greek mythology consists of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world and the origins and significance of their religious practices. The main Greek gods were the twelve Olympians, Zeus, his wife Hera, Poseidon, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Aphrodite, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Demeter, and Dionysus. Other important deities included Hebe, Hades, Helios, Hestia, Persephone and Heracles. Zeus's parents were Cronus and Rhea who also were the parents Document [4](Title: The Last Days of Pompeii (1959 film)) "Hercules" in the United States. Glaucus, a centurion returning to his home in Pompeii after a spell in Palestine, arrives on the edge of town just in time to see Ione, the beautiful daughter of the city's Consul, lose control of her chariot. Glaucus saves Ione's life and then heads into town to see his father. On the way, Glaucus intervenes in defense of a thief named Antonius, who is being severely punished on orders given by Gallinus, a Praetorian Guard. On arriving at his father's house, Glaucus discovers that it has been looted and his father murdered by a Document [5](Title: Hercules (Marvel Comics)) condition, as Hercules mentioned them in his coma. As the Avengers battle several of the gods and Zeus himself, the Titan Prometheus restores Hercules to full health using part of his life force, Doctor Druid uses his powers to restore Hercules's sanity, and Zeus accidentally attacks Hercules, after which he stops the fight. He hears from his son that the Avengers are not at fault. After that Zeus decides to ban the Olympians from Earth. During the "Evolutionary War" storyline, Hercules defeats a misguided High Evolutionary by mutating "beyond godhood". Hercules eventually returns to his normal form and aids Thor Document [6](Title: Hercules) Hercules is a Roman hero and god . He was the equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles , who was the son of Zeus ( Roman equivalent Jupiter ) and the mortal Alcmene . In classical mythology , Hercules is famous for his strength and for his numerous far - ranging adventures . Document [7](Title: Temple of Hercules Custos) Temple of Hercules Custos The Temple of Hercules Custos (Latin:"Aedes Herculis Custodis") was a Roman temple dedicated to 'Hercules the Guardian'. Its location is unknown and no remains have been found. Its history is unclear. Ovid writes that it was to the west of the Circus Flaminius - it was probably built around the same time (221 BC). It was re-built by Lucius Cornelius Sulla after consulting the Sibylline Oracles. This consultation of the oracles and the epithet 'Custos' seems to imply it was built and/or rebuilt in response to a major crisis, though it is unknown what its nature Question: which character from greek mythology can be described as being strong Answer:

Heracles

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1990) Issue Date Song Artist ( s ) Reference January 6 '' Another Day in Paradise '' Phil Collins January 13 January 20 '' How Am I Supposed to Live Without You '' Michael Bolton January 27 February 3 February 10 '' Opposites Attract '' Paula Abdul with The Wild Pair February 17 February 24 March 3 '' Escapade '' Janet Jackson March 10 March 17 March 24 '' Black Velvet '' Alannah Myles March 31 April 7 '' Love Will Lead You Back '' Taylor Dayne April 14 '' I 'll Be Your Everything '' Tommy Page April 21 '' Nothing Compares 2 U '' Sinéad O'Connor April 28 May 5 May 12 May 19 '' Vogue '' Madonna May 26 June 2 June 9 '' Hold On '' Wilson Phillips June 16 '' It Must Have Been Love '' Roxette June 23 June 30 '' Step by Step '' New Kids on the Block July 7 July 14 July 21 '' She Ai n't Worth It '' Glenn Medeiros featuring Bobby Brown July 28 August 4 '' Vision of Love '' Mariah Carey August 11 August 18 August 25 September 1 '' If Wishes Came True '' Sweet Sensation September 8 '' Blaze of Glory '' Jon Bon Jovi September 15 '' Release Me '' Wilson Phillips September 22 September 29 '' ( Ca n't Live Without Your ) Love and Affection '' Nelson October 6 '' Close to You '' Maxi Priest October 13 '' Praying for Time '' George Michael October 20 '' I Do n't Have the Heart '' James Ingram October 27 '' Black Cat '' Janet Jackson November 3 '' Ice Ice Baby '' Vanilla Ice November 10 '' Love Takes Time '' Mariah Carey November 17 November 24 December 1 '' I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' Whitney Houston December 8 '' Because I Love You ( The Postman Song ) '' Stevie B December 15 December 22 December 29 Document [1](Title: Kaytranada production discography) 4)" The Celestics - "Black Mozart (Promo) (January 13)" "Black Mozart (Promo) (Unreleased)" TLC - "Creep (Promo) (January 11)" Usher - "Climax (Promo) (February 17)" Vic Mensa - "Instrumental Hip Hop Is Dead (July 3)" Youthkills - "Time Is Now (Promo) (Unreleased)" Alaclair Ensemble - "Toute Est Impossible (July 1)" AlunaGeorge - "Body Music (Remixed) (June 16)" BadBadNotGood - "Kaleidoscope (Promo) (October 14)" Ciara - "Body Party (Promo) (May 16)" GoldLink - "Sober Thoughts (Promo) (May 15)" J Dilla - "Come Get It (Where U At) (Promo) (May 14)" Jill Scott - "It's Love (Promo) (May 14)" Kaytradamus - "Whatever Document [2](Title: PAX AM) Rain" [Single] 7" blue vinyl (Record Store Day exclusive release) (2012) <br> 032 Pornography - 7 Minutes In Heaven [Single] 7" Unmastered (Record Store Day exclusive release) (2013) <br> 034 "Gimme Something Good" (b/w "Aching for More") [Single] 7" black vinyl and UK-only gold vinyl (2014) <br> 035 "1984" [EP] 7" black vinyl (2014) <br> 037 Fall Out Boy - "PAX AM Days" [EP] 2 x 7" black vinyl (2013) <br> 039 "Ryan Adams" LP/CD black vinyl (2014) <br> 040 "Jacksonville" (b/w "I Keep Running"/"Walkedypants") [Single] 7" black vinyl (2014) <br> 041 "Vampires" (b/w "Magic Flag" and "Clown Asylum"/"Suburbia") [Single] Document [3](Title: Land of Kings) Sundays, Comadisco, Connan Mockasin. Dalston Darlings, Dan Beaumont, Dark Shaft, DJ King Knut, Dollop DJs, Dreamtrak, Durrr, Eglo Live Band, Eliphino, Elliot Yorke, Esser (band), Factory Floor, Famy, Fever Dream, Five Easy Pieces, Four Aces, Funkineven, Gang Colours DJ set, Great Waves, Gwilym Gold DJ set, Hackney Film Festival, Hall of Mirrors, Hammer & Tongue, Hannah Holland, Hatcham Social, Is Tropical, Johnno & Charlotte (Bugged Out), Kutmah, Kwes, Kwesachu, Land Shapes, Legacy In The Dust, Let Us Be Golden, Literary Death Match, Living in A Disco, London Fields Radio, Make It Stop Mum, Male Bonding (band), Maria Minerva, Maurice Fulton, Document [4](Title: The Numero Group) Fire" TWI-114 Sidney Pinchback "Soul Strokes"/"Remind Me" TWI-126 The Perfections "Which One Am I"/"Why Do You Want To Make Me Sad" TWI-128 Renaldo Domino "Not Too Cool To Cry"/"Nevermore" TWI-131 The Kaldirons "You And Me Baby"/"To Love Someone" TWI-132 Annette Poindexter "Mama"/"Wayward Dream" TWI-135 Chuck & Mac "Powerful Love"/"The Bear" TWI-142 Pieces Of Peace "Pass It On Pt 1"/"Pt 2" TWI-156 Nate Evans "Pardon My Innocent Heart"/"Main Squeeze" Plus 12"s +001 Lord Rhaburn/Professionals "Disco Reconnection"/"Gaujida" +002 Master Jay & Michael Dee "T.S.O.B."/"Instrumental" +004 Fabulous 3 MCs "Rub A Dub Dub"/"Instrumental" +005 Jay Mitchell "Mustang Sally"/"Edits" +006 Jackie Stoudemire "Invisible Wind"/"Dub/Edit" Document [5](Title: Andy Paley sessions) serious about music." Some song titles were "Gettin' in Over My Head", "Slightly American Music", "I'm Broke", "Chain Reaction", "You're Still a Mystery", "It's Not Easy Being Me", "Marketplace", "Soul Searchin'", "Proud Mary", "Desert Drive", "Frankie Avalon", and "Dancin' the Night Away". Musicologist Philip Lambert states: "The songs from this period, most of them still unreleased, follow trends begun a decade earlier, exploring different pop idioms and returning time and again to favorite compositional devices like the repeating stepwise melody (in 'Mary Anne,' reviving melodic archetypes from 'Heroes and Villains,' 'Sweet Mountain,' and 'Mona'), and the descending stepwise bass ('Some Document [6](Title: Razor Boy Music Publishing) Stooshe – ”Black Heart” (publisher) Stooshe – ”Love Me” (publisher) Stooshe - ”Slip” (publisher) Stooshe – London with the Lights On (publisher) Celine Dion – ”Shadow of Love” (publisher) Union J – ”Beautiful Life” (publisher) Allison Iraheta – ”Don`t Waste the Pretty” (publisher) Charice – ”Nothing” (publisher) Armin van Buuren feat. Sophie Ellis Bextor – ”Not Giving Up on Love” (publisher) Armin van Buuren – ”Broken Tonight” (publisher) Armin van Buuren feat. Nadia Ali – ”Feels So Good” (publisher) Armina van Buuren feat. Laura V – ”Drowning” (publisher) Kumi Koda – ”Bambi” (publisher) Exile – ”Rising Sun” (publisher) Kat-Tun – Document [7](Title: Classic Rock (Time-Life Music)) Sir Douglas Quintet - The Rains Came 21 - Quicksilver Messenger Service - Who Do You Love 22 - Blind Faith - Can't Find My Way Home 01 - Nashville Teens - Tobacco Road 02 - Paul Revere & The Raiders - Steppin' Out 03 - Searchers - When You Walk In the Room 04 - Bobby Fuller Four - Love's Made a Fool of You 05 - Troggs - With A Girl Like You 06 - Barbarians - Are You a Boy Or Are You a Girl 07 - Seeds - Can't Seem to Make You Mine 08 - Question: what was the number 1 hit single in the us on may 26 1990 Answer:

`` Vogue ''

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1) insists that they bury Dobby without any magic. Meanwhile, Voldemort breaks into Dumbledore's tomb and steals the Elder Wand, revealed to have been in Dumbledore's possession. "Part 1" was filmed back-to-back with "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2" from 19 February 2009 to 12 June 2010. Director David Yates, who shot the film alongside director of photography Eduardo Serra, described Part 1 as "quite real"; a "road movie" that's "almost like a vérité documentary". Originally set for a single theatrical release, the idea to split the book into two parts was suggested by executive producer Lionel Wigram Document [1](Title: Harry Potter (film series)) the above-mentioned interview with Heyman, added that the casting of the three major roles "is especially impressive in hindsight. The trio's selection was arguably one of the best show-business decisions over the past decade... they have shown admirable grace and steadiness in the face of teen superstardom." Filming of the series began at Leavesden Studios, Hertfordshire, England, in September 2000 and ended in December 2010, with post-production on the final film lasting until summer 2011. Leavesden Studios was the main base for filming "Harry Potter", and it opened to the public as a studio tour in 2012 (renamed as Warner Document [2](Title: Percy Jackson (film series)) the movie will film between April 26, 2012 - July 11, 2012 with scenes being filmed in Vancouver, B.C. and New Orleans, Louisiana. Filming wrapped up in July 2012, but then started again in January 2013 for reshoots. Filming was officially wrapped up on January 20, 2013. In June 2004, 20th Century Fox acquired feature film rights to the book. In April 2007, director Chris Columbus was hired to helm the project. Filming began in April 2009 in Vancouver. The film was released on February 12, 2010 and was met with mixed reviews upon release and was a commercial success Document [3](Title: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 1) The story follows Harry Potter who has been tasked by Dumbledore with finding and destroying Lord Voldemort 's secret to immortality -- the Horcruxes . Filming began on 19 February 2009 ( 2009 - 02 - 19 ) and was completed on 12 June 2010 ( 2010 - 06 - 12 ) . Part 1 was released in 2D cinemas and IMAX formats worldwide on 19 November 2010 . Document [4](Title: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2) Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 is a 2011 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the second of two cinematic parts based on J. K. Rowling's 2007 novel of the same name. The film, which is the eighth and final instalment in the "Harry Potter" film series, was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman, David Barron, and Rowling. The story continues to follow Harry Potter's quest to find and destroy Lord Voldemort's Horcruxes in order to stop Document [5](Title: Rockshow) did attend the London Premiere at the Dominion Theatre in Piccadilly Circus on 8 April 1981. The film was later edited down to 102 minutes for its home video release. Its first home video release was on Betamax in October 1981, with a VHS, laserdisc, and CED release in 1982. This would be the last time a feature-length version of the film would be available to the general public until 31 years later, as McCartney had remained reluctant to make the entire film available to the general public on VHS or DVD. In 2007, a shortened cut with only seven Document [6](Title: The Strangers: Prey at Night) Filming began in June 2017 in Covington , Kentucky , and concluded on July 10 , 2017 . Document [7](Title: Nymphomaniac (film)) original five-and-half-hour-long version occurred on 16 February 2014 at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival. The world premiere of the uncut version of "Volume II" debuted at 2014's Venice Film Festival. A "secret" advance screening of Part I occurred at the Sundance Film Festival on 21 January 2014, at the Egyptian Theater with tickets distributed bearing the film title "Film X" amidst rumors the film could either be von Trier's film, or Wes Anderson's "The Grand Budapest Hotel". The general release world premiere of the complete 5 1/2 hour director's cut took place in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 10 September 2014. Question: when did harry potter and the deathly hallows part 1 come out Answer:

19 November 2010

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Happy Valley, Alaska) Happy Valley, Alaska Happy Valley is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska, United States. At the 2010 census the population was 593, up from 489 in 2000. Happy Valley is located at (59.948424, -151.718711). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which, of it is land and of it (0.08%) is water. Happy Valley first appeared on the 1990 U.S. Census as a census-designated place (CDP). As of the census of 2000, there were 489 people, 196 households, and 131 families residing in the CDP. The population density Document [1](Title: Happy Valley, Queensland (Mount Isa)) (P-6) school for boys and girls operated by the Queensland Government at Brillian Street. In 2016, the school had an enrolment of 402 students with 29 teachers (27 full-time equivalent) and 15 non-teaching staff (11 full-time equivalent). Happy Valley, Queensland (Mount Isa) Happy Valley is a suburb of Mount Isa in the City of Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia. Happy Valley is bounded to the west by the Great Northern railway, to the north by Twenty-third Avenue, and to the east roughly by the Leichhardt River. The suburb was named in September 1973 and is the ironic name given to the Document [2](Title: Happyish) would premiere on April 26, 2015. However, the series premiered as a sneak preview on April 5, 2015. The series finale aired on June 28, 2015. "Happyish" received mixed reviews. It has a score of 49 out of 100 based on 31 reviews on Metacritic. Rotten Tomatoes gave the show a 30% 'rotten' rating based on 37 critic reviews, with the critical consensus "Instead of sly and shocking, Happyish comes off as shrill and self-satisfied, despite the efforts of its talented cast." Happyish Happyish (stylized as HAPPYish) is an American dark satirical comedy-drama series created and written by Shalom Auslander Document [3](Title: Happy Tree Friends (TV series)) August 3, 2012. The complete season was released as a 4-disc box set on January 8, 2008 by BCI Eclipse Entertainment LLC. The series is available for streaming on YouTube, Hoopla and Amazon Instant Video. Happy Tree Friends (TV series) </noinclude></noinclude> "Happy Tree Friends" began as an animated video series, created and developed by Aubrey Ankrum, Rhode Montijo, Kenn Navarro and Warren Graff for Mondo Media. A single television season of "Happy Tree Friends" aired from September 25 to December 25, 2006, on the now-defunct G4 network. Each episode of the television series was a half-hour long, and consisted of Document [4](Title: Happy-Go-Lucky) Harvey of "Variety", and Steve Rea of "The Philadelphia Inquirer". Also, Armond White of the "New York Press" named "Happy Go Lucky" the best film of 2008. The Region 1 DVD was released on 10 March 2009. It is in anamorphic widescreen format with an audio track in English and subtitles in English and Spanish. Bonus features include commentary by screenwriter/director Mike Leigh, "Behind the Wheel of Happy-Go-Lucky", and "Happy-in-Character". Happy-Go-Lucky Happy-Go-Lucky is a 2008 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Mike Leigh. The screenplay focuses on a cheerful and optimistic primary school teacher and her relationships with those Document [5](Title: List of Happy Valley episodes) Happy Valley is a British crime drama television series created by Sally Wainwright and produced by Red Production Company . The first series of six episodes started airing on BBC One in the United Kingdom on 29 April 2014 . It was released on Netflix in the United States and Canada on 20 August 2014 . A second series of six episodes started airing on BBC One on 9 February 2016 and was made available on Netflix in the US later that year . Document [6](Title: The Happys) The Happys The Happys is an American narrative film written and directed by Tom Gould and John Serpe, commercially released in 2018 after screening at a dozen film festivals in the United States, winning the Alternative Spirit Award at Rhode Island International Film Festival, the Best Narrative Feature award at the Durango Independent Film Festival, the Audience Award at the Anchorage International Film Festival, and a nomination for the Best Feature Award at the Naperville Independent Film Festival in Naperville, Illinois. The movie's public premiere took place in California on March 16, 2018. A midwestern boyfriend and girlfriend move to Document [7](Title: The Happy Go Lucky Show) The Happy Go Lucky Show The Happy Go Lucky Show is an Australian television variety series which aired from 30 October 1957 to 4 November 1959 on Melbourne television station GTV-9. Originally hosted by Happy Hammond, by 1958 the series was hosted by Bob Horsfall. Horsfall sometimes had a female co-host, these varied during the run of the series and included Pat McCormack, Susan Gaye Anderson, Patricia Rumbold, and (during 1959) Joy Fountain. The series aired at 1:00PM on Wednesdays. During 1958, one of the segments included "community singing". Other segments included guests and competitions. Early Australian television series often Question: how many episodes of happy valley season 2 Answer:

six

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Tamar (Genesis)) of King David. () The Genesis narrative also makes a note that Judah did not have further sexual relations with Tamar. () According to Ethiopic tradition, Perez became the king of Persia. Literary critics have focused on the relationship between the Judah story in chapter 38 and the Joseph story in chapters 37 and 39. Victor P. Hamilton notes some "intentional literary parallels" between the chapters, such as the exhortation to "identify" (38:25–26 and 37:32–33). John Emerton regards the connections as evidence for including chapter 38 in the J corpus, and suggests that the J writer dovetailed the Joseph and Document [1](Title: Miketz) called "king of the people" "foster father" or — more literally — "nourisher of Egyptians" and "saviour", while there occurred many times the phrases "the God of Joseph" and "Joseph remembering Jacob", emphasizing the ancestral role of his forefathers and not to have since lent support to different tradtiions. Their union is similar to the biblical expression "God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob", as provided by Exodus 3:15 and by Acts 7:32. The "History of Joseph" is also related with the "Joseph and Aseneth" and the "Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs". In the first one, Joseph is again referred as Document [2](Title: Joseph (Genesis)) Joseph ( / ˈdʒoʊzɪf , - sɪf / ; Hebrew : יוֹסֵף ‎ meaning '' Increase '' , Standard Yosef Tiberian Yôsēp̄ ; Arabic : يوسف ‎ Yūsuf or Yūsif ; Ancient Greek : Ἰωσήφ Iōsēph ) is an important figure in the Bible 's Book of Genesis and also in the Quran . Sold into slavery by his jealous brothers , he rose to become vizier , the second most powerful man in Egypt next to Pharaoh , where his presence and office caused Israel to leave Canaan and settle in Egypt . The composition of the story can be dated to the period between the 7th century BCE and the third quarter of the 5th century BCE , which is roughly the period to which scholars date the Book of Genesis . Document [3](Title: Sefer haYashar (midrash)) the historian Josephus had said of the "Book of Jasher": "by this book are to be understood certain records kept in some safe place on purpose, giving an account of what happened among the Hebrews from year to year, and called Jasher or the upright, on account of the fidelity of the annals." No such statement is found in Josephus' works. Noah's 1840 preface contained endorsements by Hebrew scholars of the day, all of whom praised the quality of the translation, but these said nothing to indicate they believed it to be the work referred to in Joshua and 2 Document [4](Title: Jacob in Islam) the ageing prophet immediately understood what the dream meant. Jacob could foresee that his son would grow up to be the next prophet in the line of Abraham and it would be Joseph who would keep the message of Islam alive in the coming years. Jacob's older sons, however, felt that their father loved Joseph and Benjamin, Jacob's youngest son, more than them. Jacob knew about their jealousy and warned the young Joseph about it. Joseph's ten older brothers then decided to kill him. As the Quran narrates their discussion: One of the brothers (usually understood to be Reuben,) however, Document [5](Title: Book of Job) to health, riches and family, and lives to see his children to the fourth generation. Rabbinic tradition ascribes the authorship of Job to Moses, but scholars generally agree that it was written between the 7th and 4th centuries BCE, with the 6th century BCE as the most likely period for various reasons. The anonymous author was almost certainly an Israelite, although he has set his story outside Israel, in southern Edom or northern Arabia, and makes allusion to places as far apart as Mesopotamia and Egypt. According to the 6th-century BCE prophet Ezekiel, Job was a man of antiquity renowned Document [6](Title: Story of Sinuhe) providence, the Syro-Canaanite Joseph is taken to Egypt where he becomes part of the ruling elite, acquires a wife and family, before being reunited with his Syro-Canaanite family. Parallels have also been drawn from other biblical texts: the Hebrew prophet Jonah's frustrated flight from the orbit of God's power is likened to Sinuhe's similar flight from the King. The battle between David and Goliath is compared to his fight with a mighty challenger, whom he slays with a single blow, and the parable of the Prodigal Son is likened to his return home. Naguib Mahfouz, the Nobel Prize-winning Egyptian writer, Document [7](Title: Israel) area that is now northern Israel 120,000 years ago. Around 10th millennium BCE, the Natufian culture existed in the area. The early history of the territory is unclear. Modern archaeology has largely discarded the historicity of the narrative in the Torah concerning the patriarchs, The Exodus, and the conquest of Canaan described in the Book of Joshua, and instead views the narrative as constituting the Israelites' national myth. During the Late Bronze Age (1550–1200 BCE), large parts of Canaan formed vassal states paying tribute to the New Kingdom of Egypt, whose administrative headquarters lay in Gaza. Ancestors of the Israelites Question: what book of the bible is joseph story Answer:

Book of Genesis

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Murli Manohar Joshi) a three-term M.P. from Allahabad before he was defeated in the Lok Sabha elections of May, 2004. He won election to the 15th Lok Sabha from Varanasi as a BJP candidate. He also served as the home minister for 13 days government in 1996. Joshi was appointed as Chairman of the Manifesto Preparation Board of the BJP in 2009. He was honored as "Proud Past Alumni" of Allahabad University by Allahabad University Alumni Association. He was a sitting MP from Varanasi and he vacated that seat for Narendra Modi in 2014 Lok Sabha Elections. He later contested from Kanpur and Document [1](Title: List of Presidents of the Bharatiya Janata Party) No . Year Name Note Ref . 1980 -- 86 Atal Bihari Vajpayee 1986 -- 91 L.K. Advani First term 1991 -- 93 Murli Manohar Joshi ( 2 ) 1993 -- 98 L.K. Advani Second term 1998 -- 2000 Kushabhau Thakre 2000 -- 01 Bangaru Laxman 6 2001 -- 02 Jana Krishnamurthi 7 2002 -- 04 Venkaiah Naidu ( 2 ) 2004 -- 06 L.K. Advani Third term 8 2006 -- 09 Rajnath Singh First term 9 2009 -- 13 Nitin Gadkari ( 7 ) 2013 -- 14 Rajnath Singh Second term 10 2014 -- present Amit Shah Document [2](Title: Raghuvansh Prasad Singh) Socialist Party (S.S.P.), Sitamarhi district 1977-90 Member, Bihar Legislative Assembly 1977-79 Minister of State (Independent charge), Power, Government of Bihar 1979-80 Member, Committee on Questions and Calling Attention 1980-85 President, Lok Dal, Sitamarhi district 1985-89 Member, Central Parliamentary Board, Lok Dal 1985-90 Member, Public Accounts Committee 1987-90 Member, Pratyayukta Samiti 1989-90 Chairman, Library Committee 1990 Deputy Speaker, Bihar Legislative Assembly 1991-94 MLC<Deputy Leader>, Bihar Legislative Council 1991-95 Member, Bihar Legislative Council 1994-95 Chairman, Bihar Legislative Council 1995-96 Minister, Energy, Relief, Rehabilitation and Department of Official Languages, Government of Bihar 1996 Elected to 11th Lok Sabha 1996-97 Union Minister of State, Document [3](Title: Kurunegala Electoral District) held on 24 April 2004 for the district: The following candidates were elected: Athula Wijesinghe (UPFA), 71,298 preference votes (pv); S. A. Ranasinghe (UPFA), 50,949 pv; A. D. Sumanadasa (UPFA), 45,310 pv; K. M. Nimal Herath (UPFA), 44,141 pv; H. M. K. Manik Gunasekara (UPFA), 43,829 pv; S. N. Wickramasinghe (UPFA), 40,647 pv; Neil Priyantha Liyanage (UPFA), 38,344 pv; K. A. Gunadasa Khannangara (UPFA), 37,482 pv; R. D. Wimaladasa (UPFA), 36,660 pv; Adikari Mudiyanselage Tikiribandara Adikari (UPFA), 33,973 pv; R. B. S. W. M. Manjula C. R. Bandara (UNP), 30,757 pv; R. M. Nilantha Supun Rajapaksha (UPFA), 30,720 pv; Kumara Document [4](Title: Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University) 1967, respectively. Late Professor Dr. Dhruba Man Singh Amatya was formally appointed as the first Head of the Department in 1966 and he remained to that post up to 1984. After him, Prof. Dr. S.P. Dhoubadel (1984/10/28 - 1984/11/25), Prof. Dr. C.L. Gajurel (1984/11/26 - 1985/08/31 and 1987/04/11 - 1987/11/05), Prof. J.K. Shrestha (1985/09/01 - 1987/03/31 and 1987/11/06 - 1994/06/05), Prof. Dr. M.D. Manandhar (19894/06/06 - 2002/06/01), Prof. Dr. R.R. Pradhananga (2002/06/06 - 2007/12/12), and Prof. Dr. T.P. Pathak (2007/12/13 - 2009/08/31) were appointed as Head of the Central Department of Chemistry during the period in between 1984-2009. Recently, Prof. Document [5](Title: Shivesh Kumar) Hons. From Ranchi University. Post Graduation : M.B.A from Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, Bihar. • Active member of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh • Joined Akhil Bhartiya Vidyarthi Parishad as a member in 1986. • Completed “Prathamik Shiksha Varg” in 1999 (RSS). • To work for the development of our Nation with special emphasis on the betterment of the less privileged brothers and sisters of our country. • 1997–2000 : State Treasurer, Bhartiya Janta Yuva Morcha, Bihar. • 2000–2003 : State Vice President, Bhartiya Janta Yuva Morcha, Bihar. • 2002–2004 : Member of National Executive Committee, Bhartiya Janta Yuva Morcha. • 2005 : Document [6](Title: Sharad Yadav) and Jabalpur Engineering College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh in B.E. (Civil). President, Students Union, Jabalpur, Engineering College, 1971; influenced by the teachings of Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia; active youth leader and participated in a number of mass movements; Detained under MISA during 1969-70, 1972 and 1975; played a significant role in the implementation of Mandal Commission recommendations. Sharad Yadav has won four times in 1991, 1996, 1999 and 2009 from Bihar's Madhepura Lok Sabha constituency from where Acharya Kriplani was elected in 1957. He also won thrice from other Lok Sabha constituencies. He has been defeated thrice from Madhepura constituency - Document [7](Title: Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003) by Dr. Arvind Subramanian" Annexure 6 - "Rejoinder of the Committee to the Note of Dissent" Composition of the committee Members Mr N. K. Singh - Chairman Dr Urjit Patel Dr Rathin Roy Mr Sumit Bose Dr Arvind Subramanian Government officers Mr Srinivasan Ramanathan Raja, Undersecretary Mr Prashant Goyal, Joint Secretary (Budget) Mr Naresh Mohan Jha, Director (Budget) Mr L. Sidharth Singh, Director - Comptroller and Auditor General of India Mr Rangeet Ghosh, Officer on Special Duty to the Chief Economic Advisor Mr Kapil Patidar, Deputy Director Mr Syed Zubair Husain Noqvi, Deputy Director Mr Sunil Chaudhary, Deputy Director Specialist Question: who became the first president of the bhartiya janta party Answer:

Atal Bihari Vajpayee

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics) highest total medal count, and won more silver and bronze medals than any other participating nation. This games also saw a gold medal record for U.S. swimmer Michael Phelps, who won 8 golds surpassing Mark Spitz's record of 7 golds in a single Olympic event in 1972. Phelps also surpassed Spitz, Larisa Latynina of the USSR, Paavo Nurmi of Finland, and U.S. sprinter Carl Lewis to become the current record holder for the most Olympic gold medals (14). The United States also saw milestones in women's swimming. Natalie Coughlin won 6 medals in Beijing, the most for a female Olympic Document [1](Title: Michael Phelps) the event, 0.33 of a second off the world record of 1:54.32 held by Ryan Lochte. Two days later Phelps swam a time of 53.01 sec in the 100-meter backstroke, 0.03 of a second short of the world record of 52.98 held by Aaron Peirsol and the second-fastest performance of all time. In 2007 Phelps swam into the all-time top three performances in seven individual events, four of these being world records. At the 2008 U.S. Olympic Team Trials, Phelps competed in six individual events. In his first event, the 400-meter individual medley, Phelps broke his own world record of Document [2](Title: List of multiple Olympic medalists) As of August 13 , 2016 , American swimmer Michael Phelps has won the most Olympic medals with 28 medals ( 23 gold , 3 silver , 2 bronze ) . He is also the most decorated Olympian in individual events , with 16 medals ( 13 gold , 2 silver , 1 bronze ) . Norwegian biathlete Ole Einar Bjørndalen is the most decorated Winter Olympian , with 13 medals ( 8 gold , 4 silver , and 1 bronze ) . Document [3](Title: Ole Einar Bjørndalen) team. As of February 19, 2014, Bjørndalen has won eight Olympic gold medals, four silver and a bronze. He has also won 20 World Championship gold medals, 14 silver and ten bronze (more than anybody in biathlon history), along with a record 95 World Cup victories in biathlon and 1 World Cup victory in cross-country skiing, 179 podium finishes in biathlon individual races and 3 in cross-country skiing. He also finished in the top three of the Overall World Cup rankings for a record thirteen successive seasons between the 1996–97 and 2008–09 seasons. In total Ole Einar Bjørndalen has won Document [4](Title: Michael Phelps) more than half-second lead for the final leg, which he held onto to clinch the event in world record time. Said Phelps, upon completing the event that awarded him his eighth gold medal and eighth Olympic record in as many events, "Records are always made to be broken no matter what they are ... Anybody can do anything that they set their mind to." At the 2009 National Championships, Phelps drastically shortened his program, swimming in only three individual events. In his first event, the 200-meter freestyle, Phelps won with a time of 1:44.23. In his second event, the 200-meter Document [5](Title: 2008 Summer Olympics medal table) from China won the most gold medals, with 48 gold medals. Athletes from the United States won the most total medals, with 112. Afghanistan, Mauritius, Sudan, Tajikistan and Togo won their first Olympic medals. Athletes from Mongolia (which previously held the record for most medals without a gold) and Panama won their first gold medals. Serbian swimmer Milorad Čavić won the first medal for the country as an independent NOC. Serbian athletes have previously won medals as nationals of Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro. Samoa won its first Olympic medal due to medals reallocation after the IOC retested doping samples Document [6](Title: Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metre individual medley) Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metre individual medley The men's 200 metre individual medley event at the 2012 Summer Olympics took place on 1–2 August at the London Aquatics Centre in London, United Kingdom. Adding to an unprecedented medal tally to become the most decorated Olympian of all time, Michael Phelps made another milestone as the first male swimmer ever to defend his third straight Olympic title in the same individual event with a touch-out triumph over Ryan Lochte. Dominating the race from the start, Phelps held off a final showdown from Lochte on the freestyle Document [7](Title: United States at the 2012 Summer Olympics) left London with a total of 103 medals (46 gold, 28 silver and 29 bronze), finishing at the top of the gold and overall medal standings. The 46-gold medal record was the most the United States had ever won in any Olympics in which it was not the host nation. At least one medal was awarded to U.S. athletes in sixteen sports, thirteen of which contained at least one gold. U.S. athletes dominated the nations' medal standings in swimming, wherein they won a total of 31 medals, including 16 golds. Twenty-seven U.S. athletes won more than a single medal. The Question: who has won the most medals in olympic history Answer:

Michael Phelps

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Metacarcinus edwardsii) the most important commercially exploited crab, caught exclusively in artisanal fisheries. Metacarcinus edwardsii Metacarcinus edwardsii, sometimes known as mola rock crab, southern rock crab, or Chilean rock crab, is a species of crab from the Pacific coast of South America. "Metacarcinus edwardsii" is found along the Pacific coast between Guayaquil in Ecuador and the Beagle Channel in the southernmost Chile. Females reach functional maturity at carapace width , that is, 50% of females are egg-bearing at this size. Males reach functional maturity at slightly larger sizes. The largest male crabs measure about in carapace width. "Metacarcinus edwardsii" is univoltine, with Document [1](Title: Purple shore crab) Purple shore crab The purple shore crab, Hemigrapsus nudus, is a common crab of the family Varunidae. It can be found sheltering under rocks in inter-tidal areas along the west coast of North America, from Alaska to Baja California in Mexico. This crab primarily eats sea lettuce and other green algae, and occasionally scavenges dead animals. A small crab, "H. nudus" reaches sizes of approximately . Its dorsal shell (carapace) is generally a dark purple in color, although it may be olive green or red, with white or cream markings. The color of the legs matches the color of the Document [2](Title: Metacarcinus anthonyi) Metacarcinus anthonyi Metacarcinus anthonyi, the yellow rock crab or yellow crab, is a species of edible crab native to the Pacific coast of North America. "Metacarcinus anthonyi" occurs from Magdalena Bay, Baja California north to Humboldt Bay in Northern California, although it is uncommon further north than San Pedro. It lives in rocky areas at depths of up to . Only the juveniles live in the intertidal zone. Some fossils of "M. anthonyi" are also known from central and southern California, dating from the Pliocene and Pleistocene. Male yellow rock crabs can reach 165 mm carapace width, while females reach Document [3](Title: Lithodes santolla) Lithodes santolla , also known as the southern king crab in English or centolla in Peru , Chile and Argentina , is a species of king crab , found off the Pacific coasts of South America , especially from Valdivia at 39 ° 50 ' S to Cape Horn at 60 ° S. It lives in the benthic zone at depths up to 150 metres ( 490 ft ) , but south of 40 ° it has been found at 600 m ( 2,000 ft ) . Document [4](Title: Crotalus ruber) of the Sierra de Juárez in northeastern Baja California. It also inhabits a number of islands in the Gulf of California, including Angel de la Guarda, Pond, San Lorenzo del Sur, San Marcos, Danzante, Monserrate and San José. Off the west coast of Baja California, it is found on Isla de Santa Margarita, which is off Baja California Sur, and (as "C. exsul") on Isla de Cedros. Originally, no type locality was given, although two have been proposed: "Dulzura, San Diego County, California", by Smith and Taylor (1950), and "vicinity of San Diego, California" by Schmidt (1953). This species is Document [5](Title: Carcinus maenas) Carcinus maenas Carcinus maenas is a common littoral crab. It is known by different names around the world. In the British Isles, it is generally referred to as the shore crab, or green shore crab. In North America and South Africa, it bears the name green crab or European green crab. In Australia and New Zealand, it is referred to as either the European green crab or European shore crab. "C. maenas" is a widespread invasive species, listed among the 100 "world's worst alien invasive species". It is native to the north-east Atlantic Ocean and Baltic Sea, but has colonised Document [6](Title: Ethusa mascarone) flesh of dead animals. This species is present in the Mediterranean Sea. These crabs live on sandy substrate and muddy bottom, from a few meters up to 75 m deep. Ethusa mascarone Ethusa mascarone is a species of crabs in the family Ethusidae. The cephathorax of "Ethusa mascarone" is almost rectangular, it can reach a length of and a width of . The body color is gray-brown, with brown lines on the carapace and transverse striae on the abdomen. Chelipeds and legs are lighter and white speckled. Legs are very long, but hind legs are shorter and are used to Document [7](Title: Queenfish) Little population information is available for this species, but it is not considered to be threatened. This is a common sport fishing catch on Southern California fishing piers. Queenfish The queenfish ("Seriphus politus") is a species of fish in the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, where it occurs along the North American coastline from Oregon to Baja California; it has been recorded as far north as British Columbia. Its centre of distribution is the Southern California Bight. It is also known commonly as the queen croaker. This is the only species Question: where do southern king crab legs come from Answer:

Pacific coasts of South America

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Trojan War) The glorious and rich city Homer describes was believed to be Troy VI by many twentieth century authors, destroyed in 1275 BC, probably by an earthquake. Its follower Troy VIIa, destroyed by fire at some point during the 1180s BC, was long considered a poorer city, but since the excavation campaign of 1988 it has risen to the most likely candidate. The historicity of the Trojan War is still subject to debate. Most classical Greeks thought that the war was a historical event, but many believed that the Homeric poems had exaggerated the events to suit the demands of poetry. Document [1](Title: Troy) Troy ( Ancient Greek : Τροία , Troia or Τροίας , Troias and Ἴλιον , Ilion or Ἴλιος , Ilios ; Latin : Troia and Ilium ; Hittite : Wilusha or Truwisha ; Turkish : Truva or Troya ) was a city situated in the far northwest of the region known in late Classical antiquity as Asia Minor , now known as Anatolia in modern Turkey , near ( just south of ) the southwest mouth of the Dardanelles strait and northwest of Mount Ida . The present - day location is known as Hisarlik . It was the setting of the Trojan War described in the Greek Epic Cycle , in particular in the Iliad , one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer . Metrical evidence from the Iliad and the Odyssey suggests that the name Ἴλιον ( Ilion ) formerly began with a digamma : Ϝίλιον ( Wilion ) ; this is also supported by the Hittite name for what is thought to be the same city , Wilusa . Document [2](Title: Troy VII) often-cited candidate for the Troy of Homer and is believed to correspond to "Wilusa", known from Hittite sources dating to the period of roughly 1300–1250 BC. These dates correspond closely to the mythical chronology of Greece as calculated by classical authors, placing the construction of the walls of Troy by Poseidon, Apollo and Aeacus at 1282 BC and the sack of Troy by the Greeks at 1183 BC. Troy VIIa appears to have been destroyed by a war, perhaps the source of the legendary Trojan War, and there are traces of a fire. Partial human remains were found in houses Document [3](Title: Ilus of Troy) Ilus of Troy In Greek mythology, Ilus (; Ancient Greek: Ἶλος "Ilos") was the founder of the city called "Ilios" or "Ilion" (Latinized as "Ilium") to which he gave his name. When the latter became the chief city of the Trojan people it was also often called "Troy", the name by which it is best known today. Ilus was son and heir to King Tros of Dardania and Callirhoe, naiad daughter of the river-god Scamander or Acallaris, daughter of Eumedes. He was the brother of Assaracus, Ganymede, Cleopatra and possibly, Cleomestra. Ilus was the father of Laomedon by his wife, Document [4](Title: Ophryneion) such a connection. By contrast with the story of Ophryneion being founded by Akamas, which puts the city's origins in the period immediately following the destruction of Troy, surface surveys conducted on the site suggest that it was occupied no earlier than the 6th century BC. In Antiquity Ophryneion was considered to be the site of the Tomb of Hector, the famous Trojan hero killed by Achilles in Homer's "Iliad". It is possible that a lost play of the 5th century BC tragedian Sophocles referred to this tradition, and it likewise appears to be referred to on a vase from Document [5](Title: Sicambri) of Troy, 12,000 Trojans led by chiefs Priam and Antenor moved to the Tanais (Don) river, settled in Pannonia near the Sea of Azov and founded a city called Sicambria. In just 2 generations from the fall of Troy (by modern scholars dated in the late Bronze Age 1550-1200 BC) they arrived in the late 4th century AD at the Rhine. A variation of this story can also be read in Fredegar, and similar tales continue to crop up repeatedly throughout obscure, mediaeval-era European literature. These stories have obvious difficulties. Historians, including eyewitnesses like Caesar, have given us accounts that Document [6](Title: Asia) names, such as Skandinavia (from Scania). Before Greek poetry, the Aegean Sea area was in a Greek Dark Age, at the beginning of which syllabic writing was lost and alphabetic writing had not begun. Prior to then in the Bronze Age the records of the Assyrian Empire, the Hittite Empire and the various Mycenaean states of Greece mention a region undoubtedly Asia, certainly in Anatolia, including if not identical to Lydia. These records are administrative and do not include poetry. The Mycenaean states were destroyed about 1200 BCE by unknown agents although one school of thought assigns the Dorian invasion Document [7](Title: Phrygia) and expert" horsemen. According to the Iliad, before the Trojan War, a young king Priam of Troy had taken an army to Phrygia to support it in a war against the Amazons. Homer calls the Phrygians "the people of Otreus and godlike Mygdon". According to Euripides, Quintus Smyrnaeus and others, this Mygdon's son, Coroebus, fought and died in the Trojan War; he had sued for the hand of the Trojan princess Cassandra in marriage. The name "Otreus" could be an eponym for Otroea, a place on Lake Ascania in the vicinity of the later Nicaea, and the name "Mygdon" is Question: where was the lost city of troy actually located Answer:

Anatolia

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: 1995–96 Juventus F.C. season) signed from Atalanta. 1995–96 Juventus F.C. season Juventus Football Club finished second in Serie A and regained the European Cup trophy after 11 years, winning the Champions League final against Ajax 4–2 on penalties in Rome. Juventus also won the Supercoppa Italiana in the late summer of 1995, before going on to finish second in the league. Following the Champions League title, strikers Gianluca Vialli and Fabrizio Ravanelli were sold to Chelsea and Middlesbrough, respectively. The club also dropped Pietro Vierchowod, Paulo Sousa and Massimo Carrera. Instead, Juventus decided to sign playmaker Zinedine Zidane from Bordeaux, along with young striker Document [1](Title: Sports in Turin) Sports in Turin Sports in Turin have a rich heritage as the home to two historically significant football teams: Juventus F.C. (founded in 1897) and Torino F.C. (founded in 1906). Juventus has the larger fan base, especially in southern Italy and worldwide, while Torino enjoys a more localised support. The two clubs contest the oldest derby in Italy, the "Derby della Mole" or the Turin derby. Juventus is Italy's most successful football club and one of the most laureated in the world. It ranks joint eighth in the list of the world's clubs with the most official international titles (fourth Document [2](Title: Juventus F.C.) Juventus managers from 1923, when the Agnelli family took over and the club became more structured and organised, until the present day. Italy's most successful club of the 20th century and the most successful club in the history of Italian football, Juventus have won the Italian League Championship, the country's premier football club competition and organised by Lega Nazionale Professionisti Serie A (LNPA), a record 34 times and have the record of consecutive triumphs in that tournament (seven, between 2011–12 and 2017–18). They have also won the Coppa Italia, the country's primary single-elimination competition, a record 13 times, becoming the Document [3](Title: Turin) a greater support in the city itself. The two clubs contest the oldest derby in Italy, the "Derby della Mole" or the Turin derby. Juventus is Italy's most successful football club and one of the most laureated in the world. It ranks joint eighth in the list of the world's clubs with the most official international titles (fourth between European clubs). and was the first in association football history — remaining the only one in the world () — to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title. Juventus' owned ground, the Juventus Stadium, was inaugurated in Document [4](Title: 2016–17 A.C. Milan season) 2016–17 A.C. Milan season The 2016–17 season is the 83rd season in Associazione Calcio Milan's history and their 34th in the top-flight of Italian football. Milan is competing in Serie A, Supercoppa (as finalist of 2015–16 Coppa Italia) and in the Coppa Italia. Source Total spending: €26M Total spending: €0,75 M ! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Goalkeepers ! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Defenders ! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Midfielders ! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Forwards ! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Players transferred out during the season ! colspan=14 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Other In "italics" players that left the team during the season. Includes all competitive matches. Document [5](Title: Andrea Masiello) a co-ownership deal for €300,000. In June 2004 Juventus acquired him outright. Masiello was on loan to Avellino of Serie B in 2005, along with Boudianski, where he played 41 times. Avellino were involved in the Serie B relegation playoffs, losing to AlbinoLeffe 4–3 on aggregate. In the wake of the 2006 Italian football scandal Juve were forced to play in Serie B. Thus, the squad faced clearance in order to improve the financial condition. Masiello, along with Abdoulay Konko and Giovanni Bartolucci were now joint-owned by Siena and Juventus, which valued Masiello at €350,000, Konko at €500,000 and Bartolucci Document [6](Title: Juventus F.C.) Juventus Football Club S.p.A. Type Public Traded as BIT : JUVE LSE : 0H65 Predecessor Sport - Club Juventus ( 1897 ) Foot - Ball Club Juventus ( 1900 ) Juventus ( 1936 ) Juventus Cisitalia ( 1943 ) Juventus Football Club ( 1945 ) Founded Turin , Italy ( 27 July 1967 ( 1967 - 07 - 27 ) ) Key people Andrea Agnelli ( Chairman ) Pavel Nedvěd ( Vice-chairman ) Giuseppe Marotta ( CEO and GM ) Aldo Mazzia ( CEO and CFO ) Revenue € 387,900,773 ( 2015 -- 16 ) € 348,193,885 ( 2014 -- 15 ) Operating income € 20,214,377 ( 2015 -- 16 ) € 19,303,507 ( 2014 -- 15 ) Net income € 4,062,312 ( 2015 -- 16 ) € 2,298,263 ( 2014 -- 15 ) Total assets € 577,558,246 ( 2015 -- 16 ) € 474,268,339 ( 2014 -- 15 ) Total equity € 53,383,558 ( 2015 -- 16 ) € 44,645,444 ( 2014 -- 15 ) Owner Agnelli family ( through EXOR N.V. ) 63.8 % Lindsell Train 10.0 % Free floating 26.2 % Number of employees 785 ( 2015 -- 16 ) 698 ( 2014 -- 15 ) Website juventus.com Document [7](Title: Luca Castiglia) was a regular performer for the club during the 2012–13 Serie B, making 33 league appearances and scoring 5 goals, though his efforts were not enough to save the club from being relegated to the Lega Pro Prima Divisione for the 2013–14 Lega Pro Prima Divisione. Despite the co-ownership deal being renewed in June 2013, Juventus bought back Castiglia on 21 August 2013 for €350,000 in order to finalize another transfer for Castiiglia. On 2 September 2013 he joined Serie B outfit Empoli on a season-long loan agreement. With 19 appearances in the league, Castiglia helped the club gain promotion Question: what country is the soccer team juventus from Answer:

Italy

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Colony of Virginia) Colony of Virginia The Colony of Virginia, chartered in 1606 and settled in 1607, was the first enduring English colony in North America, following failed proprietary attempts at settlement on Newfoundland by Sir Humphrey Gilbert in 1583, and the subsequent further south Roanoke Island (modern eastern North Carolina) by Sir Walter Raleigh in the late 1580s. The founder of the new colony was the Virginia Company, with the first two settlements in Jamestown on the north bank of the James River and Popham Colony on the Kennebec River in modern-day Maine, both in 1607. The Popham colony quickly failed due Document [1](Title: History of the Southern United States) Like New England , the South was originally settled by English Protestants , later becoming a melting pot of religions as with other parts of the country . While the earlier attempt at colonization had failed on Roanoke Island , the English established their first permanent colony in America in Jamestown , Virginia , in 1607 , at the mouth of the James River , which in turn empties into Chesapeake Bay . Document [2](Title: Jamestowne Society) Jamestowne Society Jamestowne Society is an organization founded in 1936 by George Craghead Gregory for descendants of stockholders in the Virginia Company of London and the descendants of those who owned land or who had domiciles in Jamestown or on Jamestown Island prior to the year 1700. In May 1607, Jamestown was established as the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States, following several earlier failed attempts. It was founded by the London branch of the Virginia Company, which was competing with the Plymouth branch to settle the Colony of Virginia. Jamestown was the capital of Document [3](Title: Dominion of New England) number of English colonies were established in North America and in the West Indies during the first half of the 17th century, with varying attributes. Some originated as commercial ventures, such as the Virginia Colony, while others were founded for religious reasons, such as Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony. The governments of the colonies also varied. Virginia became a crown colony, despite its corporate beginning, while Massachusetts and other New England colonies had corporate charters and a great deal of administrative freedom. Other areas were proprietary colonies, such as Maryland and Carolina, owned and operated by one or a Document [4](Title: Thirteen Colonies) In 1606 , King James I of England granted charters to both the Plymouth Company and the London Company for the purpose of establishing permanent settlements in North America . The London Company established the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1607 , the first permanently settled English colony on the North American continent . The Plymouth Company founded the Popham Colony on the Kennebec River , but it was short - lived . The Plymouth Council for New England sponsored several colonization projects , culminating with Plymouth Colony in 1620 which was settled by the English Puritans , known today as the Pilgrims . The Dutch , Swedish , and French also established successful North American colonies at roughly the same time as the English , but they eventually came under the English crown . The Thirteen Colonies were complete with the establishment of the Province of Georgia in 1732 , although the term '' Thirteen Colonies '' became current only in the context of the American Revolution . Document [5](Title: History of the Southern United States) now Virginia and Maryland. It preceded Jamestown, the English colony, by as much as one hundred years. The first French settlement in what is now the Southern United States was Fort Caroline, located in what is now Jacksonville, Florida, in 1562. It was established as a haven for the Huguenots and was founded under the leadership of René Goulaine de Laudonnière and Jean Ribault. It was destroyed by the Spanish from the nearby colony of St. Augustine in 1565. Later French arrived from the north. Having established agricultural colonies in Canada and built a fur trading network with Indians in Document [6](Title: History of Christianity in the United States) History of Christianity in the United States Christianity was introduced to North America as it was colonized by Europeans beginning in the 16th and 17th centuries. The Spanish, French, and British brought Roman Catholicism to the colonies of New Spain, New France and Maryland respectively, while Northern European peoples introduced Protestantism to Massachusetts Bay Colony, New Netherland, Virginia colony, Carolina Colony, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Lower Canada. Among Protestants, adherents to Anglicanism, Methodism, the Baptist Church, Congregationalism, Presbyterianism, Lutheranism, Quakerism, Mennonite and Moravian Church were the first to settle in the US, spreading their faith in the new country. Today Document [7](Title: San Andrés (island)) on Spanish maps was in 1527. The Dutch are reported to have come to these islands at the end of the 16th century and British settlers arrived there in 1628. It is also mentioned that Columbus discovered these islands during his fourth exploration voyage. The English Puritans were the first to arrive; they hailed from Barbados and also from England. Between 1627 and 1629 they came to settle in the salubrious climate and take advantage of the fertile land of the islands. The Anglo Puritans evicted the Dutch settlers in 1631. Settlers also came from Wales. All colonists first came Question: what was the first settlement in the southern colonies Answer:

Jamestown , Virginia

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: American middle class) the same literature that tax-deferred savings accounts grew substantially from the 1980s onward, so that investment income to these accounts was not included as personal income in the years which it accrued. The CBO noted that at the end of 2002, $10.1 trillion was in tax-deferred retirement plans, and that $9 trillion of that was taxable upon withdrawal. These numbers amount to potentially large amounts of investment income to middle-class families that are no longer reported on tax returns each year, but were reported prior to the widespread growth of tax-deferred retirement plans. Panel data that track the same individuals Document [1](Title: Roth 401(k)) IRA matrix that compares various types of IRAs with various types of 401(k)s. The Roth 401(k) combines some of the most advantageous aspects of both the 401(k) and the Roth IRA. Under the Roth 401(k), employees may contribute funds on a post-tax elective deferral basis, in addition to or instead of pre-tax elective deferrals under their traditional 401(k) plans. An employee's combined elective deferrals whether to a traditional 401(k), a Roth 401(k), or both cannot exceed the IRS limits for deferral of the traditional 401(k). Employers' matching funds are not included in the elective deferral cap but are considered for Document [2](Title: Securities turnover excise tax) in the stock market. In 1934, muckraking journalist and novelist Upton Sinclair ran for Governor of California on the End Poverty in California plan. The fourth plank of the plan called for repeal of the state's sales tax and imposition of "a tax on stock transfers at the rate of 4 cents per share." The STET was a major plank of the 2008 platform of American presidential candidate Ralph Nader, and that same year was proposed by Oregon Congressman Peter DeFazio as a means to pay for the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. Securities turnover excise tax A securities Document [3](Title: Roth IRA) Originally called an '' IRA Plus '' , the idea was proposed by Senator Bob Packwood of Oregon and Senator William Roth of Delaware in 1989 . The Packwood -- Roth plan would have allowed individuals to invest up to $2,000 in an account with no immediate tax deductions , but the earnings could later be withdrawn tax - free at retirement . Document [4](Title: Individual retirement account) governing how contributions can and must be made and what employees are qualified to participate. Individual retirement arrangements were introduced in 1974 with the enactment of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA). Taxpayers could contribute up to fifteen percent of their annual income or $1,500, whichever is less, each year and reduce their taxable income by the amount of their contributions. The contributions could be invested in a special United States bond paying six percent interest, annuities that begin paying upon reaching age 59½, or a trust maintained by a bank or an insurance company. Initially, ERISA restricted IRAs Document [5](Title: Options backdating) if the underlying stock price were to increase at a later time. In 1994, a new tax code (162 M) provision declared all executive income levels over one million dollars to be “unreasonable” in order to increase taxes on all applicable salaries by removing them from their previous tax-deductible status. To avoid having to pay higher taxes, many companies adopted a policy of issuing “at the money” stock options in lieu of additional income, with the idea that the executive or employee would benefit through the option by working to increase the value of the company without exceeding the one Document [6](Title: Bryan Pedersen) Pedersen's colleague, State Representative Jack Landon, Jr., of Sheridan, questions how the state will fund government if its coal, petroleum, and natural gas become depleted. "Once that coal or oil or gas has left, we’ll never see that again. What we’ve done is we’ve taken some of the family wealth of Wyoming [the two permanent funds], and we’ve tried to capture some of the value of those assets, not only for this generation, but for future generations." In 2012, Pedersen proposed that beginning July 1, 2014, new state employees be channeled into a revised retirement plan similar to the 401k Document [7](Title: Defined benefit pension plan) The basic premise behind most rules are that an employer cannot use a qualified pension plan to give highly paid employees (or owners) a lot of money through a qualified plan (through this tax advantaged financial instrument). Because pensions or defined benefit plans are limited in the amount of money contributed and distributed to be eligible for tax deductions (for example as of 2013 annual contributions to 401(k) plans are limited to $17,500), firms have created something called supplemental executive retirement plans or SERPs for their executives. As of 2002, some 70% of firms surveyed provided non-qualifying SERPs to their Question: which two us senators proposed and helped pass the investment platform roth ira Answer:

Senator William Roth of Delaware

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: National Health Service (England)) National Health Service (England) The National Health Service (NHS) is the publicly funded national healthcare system for England and one of the four National Health Services for each constituent country of the United Kingdom. It is the largest single-payer healthcare system in the world. Primarily funded through the general taxation system and overseen by the Department of Health, NHS England provides healthcare to all legal English residents, with most services free at the point of use. Some services, such as emergency treatment and treatment of infectious diseases are free for everyone, including visitors. Free healthcare at the point of use Document [1](Title: Criticism of the National Health Service (England)) for the NHS through taxes, and again for the private care they are using. Critics argue that these people do use NHS services, such as their General Practitioner, screening, and vaccination services, and that their opting out from time-to-time is effectively queue jumping because they are utilising a resource ahead of someone in greater need and that their double payment is the penalty for queue jumping. It is argued that it is a civic responsibility for every citizen capable of paying legally applicable levels of tax, to do so, regardless of service use. Therefore, the public services can be subsidised Document [2](Title: Free clinic) they would either seek the emergency room or do nothing at all if they got sick. There has been a shift over the years from patients seeking urgent care to patients seeking treatment for chronic illnesses. Combined, these factors suggest that free clinics will require additional resources to order to meet the rising demands of their patient population. Some free clinics specialize in providing primary care (acute care), while others focus on long-term chronic health issues, and many do both. Most free clinics start out seeing patients only one or two days per week, and then expand as they find Document [3](Title: Pharmaceutical marketing) January 2009." In addition to prohibiting small gifts and reminder items such as pens, notepads, staplers, clipboards, paperweights, pill boxes, etc., the revised Code: Free samples have been shown to affect physician prescribing behaviour. Physicians with access to free samples are more likely to prescribe brand name medication over equivalent generic medications. Other studies found that free samples decreased the likelihood that physicians would follow standard of care practices. Receiving pharmaceutical samples does not reduce prescription costs. Even after receiving samples, sample recipients remain disproportionately burdened by prescription costs. It is argued that a benefit to free samples is the Document [4](Title: Expanded access) as well as the person's ability to pay for it; it is the company's decision whether to require payment or to provide the drug or device for free. The manufacturer can only charge direct costs for individual INDs; it can add some but not all indirect costs for small group or larger expanded access programs. To the extent that a doctor or clinic is required for use of the drug or device, they too may require payment. In some cases, it may be in the manufacturer's commercial interest to provide access under an EA program; this is a way, for Document [5](Title: Private prescription) then pay the dispensing pharmacy for the medicine; the price may be more or less than the standard NHS prescription charge. The charge for the medication is based on cost price and markup, as is usual in retail, plus a dispensing fee. The NHS prescription charge in England is a standard fee which is not related to the cost of the drug or quantity supplied; there is no charge for NHS prescriptions in Northern Ireland, Scotland, or Wales. Private prescription The term private prescription is a term used in the United Kingdom for a medical prescription which is not supplied Document [6](Title: Health system) environments in the United States." According to OECD, "Capitation systems allow funders to control the overall level of primary health expenditures, and the allocation of funding among GPs is determined by patient registrations. However, under this approach, GPs may register too many patients and under-serve them, select the better risks and refer on patients who could have been treated by the GP directly. Freedom of consumer choice over doctors, coupled with the principle of "money following the patient" may moderate some of these risks. Aside from selection, these problems are likely to be less marked than under salary-type arrangements." In Document [7](Title: National Health Service (England)) Free healthcare at the point of use comes from the core principles at the founding of the National Health Service by the Labour government in 1948 . In practice , '' free at the point of use '' normally means that anyone legitimately fully registered with the system ( i.e. in possession of an NHS number ) , available to legal UK residents regardless of nationality ( but not non-resident British citizens ) , can access the full breadth of critical and non-critical medical care , without payment except for some specific NHS services , for example eye tests , dental care , prescriptions and aspects of long - term care . These charges are usually lower than equivalent services provided by a private provider , and many are free to vulnerable or low - income patients . Question: when did national health care start in england Answer:

1948

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Colossians 2) is said to be a tabernacle not made with hands, that, is of men, but of God, being what God has pitched, and not man; and it stands opposed to circumcision in the flesh, which was made with hands, ( Ephesians 2:11 ) ; and by some instrument, as a sharp knife or stone: The Vulgate Latin version leaves out the word "sins", and so the Alexandrian copy and some others; and the Syriac version the word "body": by "the flesh" is meant corrupt nature, which is born of the flesh, and propagated in a carnal way, and is the Document [1](Title: They have pierced my hands and my feet) They have pierced my hands and my feet "They have pierced my hands and my feet" is a phrase that occurs in some English translations of (Psalm 21:17 in the Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate). The text of the Hebrew Bible is obscure at this point, and Jewish and some Christian commentators translate this line differently, although there is no evidence of a deliberate mistranslation. This verse, which is Psalm 22:17 in the Hebrew verse numbering, reads in the Masoretic Text as: כארי ידי ורגלי, which may be read literally as "like a lion my hands and my feet". The Document [2](Title: Ki Teitzei) Lord for ever", is best understood to mean not only to the tenth generation, but for ever; and this law was understood as in force in Nehemiah's time, which was more than ten generations from the occupation of Canaan. The text of was read in when the post-exilic temple was rededicated. The Hebrew Bible reports skin disease (, "tzara’at") and a person affected by skin disease (, "metzora") at several places, often (and sometimes incorrectly) translated as "leprosy" and "a leper." In to help Moses to convince others that God had sent him, God instructed Moses to put his hand Document [3](Title: Skin of my teeth) Skin of my teeth ( Hebrew : ע֣וֹר שִׁנָּֽי ‎ ' ō - wr šin - nāy ) is a phrase from the Bible . In Job 19 : 20 , the King James Version of the Bible says , '' My bone cleaveth to my skin and to my flesh , and I am escaped with the skin of my teeth . '' In the Geneva Bible , the phrase is rendered as '' I have escaped with the skinne of my tethe . '' Document [4](Title: Cilice) the skin. Other features were added to make cilices more uncomfortable, such as thin wires or twigs. In modern religious circles, cilices are simply any device worn for the same purposes. The word derives from the Latin "cilicium", a covering made of goat's hair from Cilicia, a Roman province in south-east Asia Minor. The reputed first Scriptural use of this exact term is in the original Latin Vulgate of Psalm 35:13, ""Ego autem, cum mihi molesti essent, induebar cilicio."" (""But as for me, when they were sick, my clothing was sackcloth"" in the King James Bible). The term is translated Document [5](Title: Finger of God) paragraph of verses sixteen through twenty of the Book of Exodus, which reads The second time the phrase "finger of God" appears is at the last verse, verse eighteen of the thirty-first chapter of the same book, which reads "And he gave unto Moses, when he had made an end of communing with him upon mount Sinai, two tables of testimony, tables of stone, written with the finger of God." The third time the phrase appears, and the last time in the Hebrew Bible, is a second reference to the tablets of the Ten Commandments, and is found in Deuteronomy Document [6](Title: Christian views on magic) the Lord your God will drive out those nations before you", and states "Do not allow a sorceress to live". Some adherents of near-east religions acted as mediums, channeling messages from the dead or from a familiar spirit. The Bible sometimes is translated as referring to "necromancer" and "necromancy" (). However, some lexicographers, including James Strong and Spiros Zodhiates, disagree. These scholars say that the Hebrew word "kashaph", used in Exodus 22:18 and 5 other places in the Tanakh comes from a root meaning "to whisper". Strong therefore concludes that the word means "to whisper a spell, "i.e." to incant Document [7](Title: Damages (Jewish law)) ransom for the life of a manslayer" (Num. xxxv. 31, R. V.). The passages of Scripture from which the law of assault and battery is derived are Ex. xxi. 18, 19 and 22-25; Lev. xxiv. 19, 20; Deut. xix. 21 (indirectly), and xxv. 11, 12. According to the literal interpretation, these passages teach the law of retaliation: eye for eye, tooth for tooth, as the redress for mutilation or, technically speaking, mayhem; bruise for bruise, stripe for stripe, etc., as the redress for the infliction of pain; and cutting off the offender's hand as the punishment for disgracing another by Question: where does the phrase by the skin of my teeth come from Answer:

Job 19 : 20

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Pickup truck) on slightly modified Ford Model T chassis, and from 1917 on the Model TT. Seeking part of this market share, Dodge introduced a 3/4-ton pickup with cab and body constructed entirely of wood in 1924. In 1925, Ford followed up with a Model T-based, steel-bodied, half-ton with an adjustable tailgate and heavy-duty rear springs. Billed as the "Ford Model T Runabout with Pickup Body", it sold for ; 34,000 were built. In 1928, it was replaced by the Model A which had a closed-cab, safety-glass windshield, roll-up side windows and three-speed transmission. In 1931, Chevrolet produced its first factory-assembled pickup. Document [1](Title: Pickup truck) trucks, further distorted the market in favor of pickups. In the 1980s, the compact Mazda B-series, Isuzu Faster, and Mitsubishi Forte appeared. Subsequently, American manufacturers built their own compact pickups for the domestic market: the Ford Ranger, and the Chevrolet S-10. Minivans make inroads into the pickups' market share. In the 1990s, pickups' market share was further eroded by the popularity of SUVs. While the Ford F-150 has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States since 1982, the Ford F-150, or indeed any full-sized pickup truck, is a rare sight in Europe, where high fuel prices and very narrow Document [2](Title: Galion Godwin Truck Body Co.) motor vehicles. The company is often cited as an originator of the pickup truck and an early developer of the dump truck. As early as 1913 Galion Allsteel was installing hauling boxes on slightly modified Ford model T chassis. The popularity of this combination led to the first production pickup truck by Ford in 1925. Though Ford's production model T pickup virtually eliminated the need for Galion's aftermarket boxes, Ford formed a partnership with Galion for other aftermarket equipment. Throughout the 1930s Galion Allsteel and Wood Manufacturing Co. were the only two companies who supplied Ford Motor Company with all Document [3](Title: Ford Ranchero) transporter set; the front end of that toy arguably resembles the 1969 model more closely. The idea of a car-based pickup remains an attractive one, and is an illustration of how favorable treatment for light trucks over cars by United States regulations skews the marketplace. Many Ranchero and El Camino owners, indeed, stopped buying new vehicles when those models were discontinued. Aftermarket conversions of the Fairmont Futura and Mercury Zephyr Z7 sport coupes to a Ranchero-like "Durango" pickup were sold in select Ford dealers in the early- to mid-1980s. Recently, interest in producing such vehicles again has grown, including those Document [4](Title: Preservation and restoration of automobiles) wear but decided only to bring the vehicle back to running condition and left the exterior as it was. Henderson's reason for doing so, according to him, was in order to preserve its character and originality. Tucker bought his '60 Ford pickup with decades of wear and discoloration, but according to him, he decided it was best to preserve its imperfection by covering it with a preserving clear coat. A complete restoration includes not only repair of the parts that can be seen – the body, trim, chrome, wheels, and the passenger compartment – but also the components that are Document [5](Title: Pickup truck) first extended cab truck in the U.S. was called the Club Cab and was introduced by Chrysler in 1973 on Dodge pickup trucks. A crew cab, or double cab, seats five or six and has four full-sized, front-hinged doors. The first crew cab truck in the U.S. was made by International Harvester in 1957, and was later followed by Dodge in 1963, Ford in 1965, and Chevrolet in 1973. Cab-over or cab forward designs have the cab sitting above the front axle. An early cab-forward, drop-sided pickup was the Volkswagen Transporter, introduced in 1952. This configuration is more common among Document [6](Title: Ford F-Series) its first appearance on a Ford pickup; previously a base model of the Edsel, it was now used to denote a high-level styling package for F-Series pickups. Introduced in 1967, the fifth generation F-series pickup was built on the same platform as the 1965 revision of the fourth generation. Dimensions and greenhouse glass were increased, engine options expanded, and plusher trim levels became available during the fifth generation's production run. Suspension components from all 1969 F-Series models are completely interchangeable. Perhaps the most rare of this series is the Heavy Duty Special, often confused with the Camper Special. However, the Document [7](Title: Sanford and Son) The pickup truck depicted in the series is a 1951 Ford F1 . It was purchased at auction after the series ended and was later leased back to NBC for the spin offs Sanford Arms and Sanford . It has changed hands a few times over the years , eventually purchased by a real life junk dealer , Donald Dimmitt of Dimmitts Auto Salvage , in Argos , Indiana . Most recently it was purchased from Dimmitts Auto Salvage by Tim Franko and Jeff Canter , owners of BlueLine Classics , a classic car dealership in North Royalton , Ohio . The truck has been preserved by BlueLine Classics to its true condition as seen on the TV series and is displayed in the BlueLine Classics showroom . Question: who owns the truck from sanford and son Answer:

Tim Franko

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: The Birth of a Nation) it was unlike anything that American audiences had ever seen before. The "Los Angeles Times" called it "the greatest picture ever made and the greatest drama ever filmed". It became a national cultural phenomenon: merchandisers made Ku-Klux hats and kitchen aprons, and ushers dressed in white Klan robes for openings. In New York there were Klan-themed balls, and in Chicago that Halloween, thousands of college students dressed in robes for a massive Klan-themed party. The Reverend Charles Henry Parkhurst defended the film against the charge of racism by saying that it "was exactly true to history" by depicting freedmen as Document [1](Title: The Patriot (2000 film)) The film was shot entirely on location in South Carolina , including Charleston , Rock Hill -- for many of the battle scenes , and Lowrys -- for the farm of Benjamin Martin , as well as nearby Fort Lawn . Other scenes were filmed at Mansfield Plantation , an antebellum rice plantation in Georgetown , Middleton Place in Charleston , South Carolina , at the Cistern Yard on the campus of College of Charleston , and Hightower Hall and Homestead House at Brattonsville , South Carolina , along with the grounds of the Brattonsville Plantation in McConnells , South Carolina . Producer Mark Gordon said the production team '' tried their best to be as authentic as possible '' because '' the backdrop was serious history , '' giving attention to details in period dress . Producer Dean Devlin and the film 's costume designers examined actual Revolutionary War uniforms at the Smithsonian Institution prior to shooting . Document [2](Title: Incendiary (film)) by Jasper, who is seen running to the hospital and asking for her at the nursing station. Filming began on 26 March 2007 in London, England. The first filmed scenes were shot on location in Northampton Square and the Brunswick Estate in Islington, North London. Filming also took place at Leyton Orient's Brisbane Road stadium. Filming continued during the week of 30 April 2007 in St Albans, in particular in and around the Cathedral, St Albans School, and Westminster Lodge. The production also visited The Metropolitan Training College facilities near Gravesend to shoot the scenes at the football stadium, after Document [3](Title: Gotti (2018 film)) Ohio, on July 25, 2016, with locations including Springfield Township. The locations were staged to resemble setting of the film, New York City. Filming also took place on Jonfred Court in Finneytown, and Indian Hill. Filming was also done at Butler County Jail. The film's shooting was previously scheduled to take place in New York City, because of its setting there, but it was relocated to Cincinnati. One reason to relocate was Ohio's revised Motion Picture Tax Credit to benefit films' creators. Filming for some scenes took place in Brooklyn on February 21, 2017, concluding principal photography. The film was Document [4](Title: Police Academy (film)) jokes-not to mention the rampant sexism. And you don't have to reproduce the sounds that an overfed body makes." Opening scenes were shot in Toronto, Ontario. The camera booth scene was shot on the Burlington Canal Lift Bridge, southwest of Toronto. The Academy itself was previously the site of the Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital in Etobicoke, and has since become the Lakeshore campus of Humber College. The studio scenes were shot at Lakeshore Film Studios; the city scenes were filmed in various parts of Toronto. Paul Malansky says that original feedback on the film was that it was not gross enough. Document [5](Title: The Blair Witch Project) the characters a long way during the day, harassing them by night, and depriving them of food. The final scenes were filmed at the historic Griggs House, a 200-year-old building located in the Patapsco Valley State Park near Granite, Maryland. Filming concluded on October 31, Halloween. After filming, the twenty hours of raw footage had to be cut down to two and a half hours; the editing process took more than eight months. The directors screened the first cut in small film festivals in order to get feedback and make changes that would ensure that it appealed to as large Document [6](Title: The St. Valentine's Day Massacre (film)) Browne and featured actors Milton Frome, Celia Lovsky and Frank Silvera in the same roles that they play in the film. To make certain the film would have the look of a gangster film, Roger Corman shot the film at the Desilu studios and used other sections of the back lot for different locales of Chicago. He filmed the Massacre scene in one of the Desilu lots which got converted to look like the garage where the crime was committed. (The real garage was torn down by the time the movie started production). Another matter was the recreation of the Document [7](Title: Black Caesar (film)) looked like the Godfather of Harlem." Cohen says when he filmed in Harlem the local gangsters threatened to disrupt the shoot unless they were paid off. He offered them small roles in the film instead. "These guys were great," he said. "Anything we wanted, anything we needed to get, they got for me. We kind of owned Harlem after that. And then when the picture finally opened, I put them in the poster too, so that the advertisements in the paper had these guys in it. And opening day at the Cinerama Theater on Broadway, these gangsters were down there Question: where did they film the movie the patriot Answer:

South Carolina

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: The Best Day (short story)) just a matter of taking joy in overcoming the difficulties in life. However, she doesn't let him finish and sends him on his way. The next day a medicine man from the east shows up selling potions and bright cheerful things. The woman asks him if he has anything to do with happiness. The medicine man sells her an elixir of happiness. He says that one drink of it and your best day will be with you forever. She buys the elixir and takes it. After that she spends every moment of the rest of her life reliving one happy Document [1](Title: Manuel Bandeira) of his time. Cinza das Horas—Ash from the Hours presents a great view: the hurt, the sadness, resentment, framed by the morbid style of late symbolism. Carnival, a book that came soon after Cinza das Horas opens with the unpredictable: the evocation of the Bacchic and satanic carnival, but it ends in the middle of melancholy. This hesitation between jubilation and joint pain will be figurative in several dimensions. Instead, happiness appears in poems like "I'm off to Passargada," where the question is dreamy evocation of an imaginary country, the Pays de Cocagne, where every desire, especially erotic, is satisfied. Document [2](Title: Rong Qiqi) Rong replies that he is happy for three reasons, his "three joys" (): being born human, being born a man, and living to an old age. That, for him, is enough. After all, Rong surmises, most men are poor and all men will die, so why should he worry himself? This is consistent with all lives, so instead of waiting with everyone else for it to eventually end, why should he worry himself with anything? Why should he deny himself happiness? Instead of being miserable, waiting for his fate, he chooses to be happy. Says Rong Qiqi: Confucius was a Document [3](Title: Paradox of hedonism) in a feeling of feebleness. The love of praise, howe'er concealed by art, Reigns more or less supreme in every heart; The Proud to gain it, toils on toils endure; The modest shun it, but to make it sure! Happiness is like a cat, if you try to coax it or call it, it will avoid you; it will never come. But if you pay no attention to it and go about your business, you'll find it rubbing against your legs and jumping into your lap. Happiness is found only in little moments of inattention. Suppose Paul likes to collect Document [4](Title: Contentment) level of satisfaction with his/her life (global satisfaction), but the idea of contentment is certainly intertwined in the concept of what makes people happy. In the 2014 book "", Paul van der Merwe uses a chart to illustrate how being content for long periods of time, can yield more happiness than being ecstatic during a short period. Positive psychology finds it very important to study what contributes to people being happy and to people flourishing, and finds it just as important to focus on the constructive ways in which people function and adapt, as opposed to the general field of Document [5](Title: Visayans) of the city. Since Bacolod is tagged as the "City of Smiles" due to its fun-loving and enduring people, the city government inaugurated the festival in 1980 after tragedy struck the region. Some of the earliest known works were documented by a Spanish Jesuit named Ignacio Francisco Alzina during the Spanish colonial Philippines. Among these literary pieces from ancient Eastern Visayas were "candu", "haya", "ambahan", "canogon", "bical", "balac", "siday" and "awit" which are predominantly in Waray. There were also narratives called "susmaton" and "posong". It was also described that theater played a central role in performing poetry, rituals and dances. Document [6](Title: George Marshall-Hall) newspaper articles, four books of verse and a play called "Bianca Capello", as well as delivering many passionate and provocative speeches in the concert-hall and elsewhere which were widely reported in the press. Among other things, he preached a whole-hearted, sensuous enjoyment of living, extolling 'the mighty immutable goddess of laughter and love' and 'the splendour and vigour of [...] immanent, multiplied, voluptuous vitality'. He encouraged his fellows 'to taste life to the full' by throwing themselves with 'extreme exuberance' into its 'manifold sensations', allowing its joys to 'pulse in the passionate blood and burst through the brain' until 'body Document [7](Title: List of Italian musical terms used in English) Festoso happy With happiness Question: italian word for happy in music quick tempo Answer:

Festoso

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Mikki Moore) the 1976–77 season. On July 21, 2007, Moore signed a multi-year deal with the Sacramento Kings. On February 19, 2009, he was waived by the Kings. On February 24, 2009, he signed with the Boston Celtics. On September 2, 2009, Moore signed with the Golden State Warriors to a reported one-year, $1.3 million deal. On January 4, 2010, after undergoing surgery for a bone spur in his right heel, Moore was waived by the Warriors. On December 9, 2011, he signed with the Memphis Grizzlies. However, he was waived on December 16. In January 2012, he was acquired by the Document [1](Title: Dominic Moore) On July 1 , 2017 , Moore as a free agent signed a one - year , $1 million contract to return for a second stint with the Maple Leafs . Document [2](Title: Steve Moore (ice hockey)) Brian Burke, formerly Vancouver's general manager who was now serving in the same capacity with the Anaheim Mighty Ducks, had made an offer to Moore. It was a two-way contract that would have paid Moore $475,000 US in the NHL and $75,000 if the player suited up for Portland, the Ducks' American Hockey League affiliate. Moore's lawyer Tim Danson described the offer as a self-serving attempt by Burke (who was a defendant in the lawsuit) to mitigate potential legal damages, by attempting to suggest Moore was a minor league player. Further, Danson said that Moore would return to the Avalanche Document [3](Title: 2010–11 Los Angeles Lakers season) restricted free agent, but the Lakers didn't extend a qualifying offer to him, also making him an unrestricted free agent. Shannon Brown exercised the player option on his contract and opted out of the remaining year of his contract that would have paid him $2.15 million. Fisher was the Lakers' main priority to re-sign in the offseason, but there was disagreement over the amount of the contract's worth, with both sides arguing between 2.5 and 5 million dollars per season. Fisher eventually agreed to a three-year contract worth $10.5 million with a player option on the final year. On July Document [4](Title: Sio Moore) 2 sacks and 5 tackles in a 21-18 win against the Pittsburgh Steelers. On September 4, 2015, Moore was traded to the Indianapolis Colts for sixth round pick in the 2016 NFL draft. He was released by the Colts on October 4, 2016. Moore was signed by the Kansas City Chiefs on October 7, 2016. On November 1, 2016, he was released by the Chiefs. On November 22, 2016, Moore was signed by the Arizona Cardinals. On June 3, 2017, Moore signed with the Houston Texans. On September 1, 2017, he was released by the Texans. Sio Moore Snorsio Alston Document [5](Title: Malcolm Winters) was announced to reprise the role. Of Moore's return, former co-head writer John F. Smith stated: "We are thrilled to have Shemar back with us. His story will be something very unexpected, off the page, and exciting. The man is going to have impact." Moore made his return on November 1, 2004. However, within weeks, Moore's publicist revealed that his return would be short-lived, as he had only signed a six-month contract. The publicist stated: "He's auditioning now [for other projects] and he has two or three films coming out next year. You know how this industry is. At least Document [6](Title: Ian Thomas-Moore) 18 August it was announced he had turned Stanley down on an offer of a non-contract basis. After his release from Rotherham he hinted he may hang his boots up and retire. He said "If nothing happens by the first week of August, I might have to call it a day." In August 2011 Moore began training daily with Stockport County from the Conference Premier. On Tuesday 6 September 2011, Thomas-Moore posted on the social networking site Twitter that he was retiring from professional football. Moore posted: "After a long hard think over weekend, I have decided to pull the Document [7](Title: Tyler Moore (baseball)) free agency on October 9, 2017. His brother, Reid Humphreys, plays in the Colorado Rockies organization. Tyler Moore (baseball) Tyler Michael Moore (born January 30, 1987) is an American professional baseball left fielder and first baseman who is currently a free agent. He previously played for the Washington Nationals and Miami Marlins. Moore was drafted by the Washington Nationals in the 16th round of the 2008 Major League Baseball Draft out of the Mississippi State University. Moore was drafted two times previously, both by the Nationals. He was assigned to Low-A Vermont that season, where he had a .200 batting Question: who did dominic moore play for last year Answer:

Maple Leafs

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Heart rate) predominates as, left unregulated, the SA node would initiate a sinus rhythm of approximately 100 bpm. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic stimuli flow through the paired cardiac plexus near the base of the heart. The cardioaccelerator center also sends additional fibers, forming the cardiac nerves via sympathetic ganglia (the cervical ganglia plus superior thoracic ganglia T1–T4) to both the SA and AV nodes, plus additional fibers to the atria and ventricles. The ventricles are more richly innervated by sympathetic fibers than parasympathetic fibers. Sympathetic stimulation causes the release of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline) at the neuromuscular junction of Document [1](Title: Cardiovascular centre) The cardiovascular centre is a part of the human brain responsible for the regulation of the rate at which the heart beats through the nervous and endocrine systems . It is found in the medulla oblongata . Normally , the heart beats without nervous control , but in some situations ( e.g. , exercise , body trauma ) , the cardiovascular centre is responsible for altering the rate at which the heart beats . It also mediates respiratory sinus arrhythmia . Document [2](Title: Vasomotor center) Vasomotor center The vasomotor center (VMC) is a portion of the medulla oblongata that, together with the cardiovascular center and respiratory center, regulates blood pressure and other homeostatic processes. Vasomotor center is a fairly archaic term since this function relies not on a single brain structure ("center") but rather represents a presympathetic network of interacting neurons. Upon increase in carbon dioxide level at central chemoreceptors, it stimulates the sympathetic system to constrict vessels. This is opposite to carbon dioxide in tissues causing vasodilatation, especially in the brain. Cranial nerves IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve) and X Vagus nerve both feed into the Document [3](Title: Heart) in the brainstem that control the sympathetic and parasympathetic influences to the heart through the vagus nerve and sympathetic trunk. These cardiovascular centres receive input from a series of receptors including baroreceptors, sensing stretch the stretching of blood vessels and chemoreceptors, sensing the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and its pH. Through a series of reflexes these help regulate and sustain blood flow. Baroreceptors are stretch receptors located in the aortic sinus, carotid bodies, the venae cavae, and other locations, including pulmonary vessels and the right side of the heart itself. Baroreceptors fire at a rate Document [4](Title: Parasympathetic nervous system) a healthy heart, the main pacemaker is a collection of cells on the border of the atria and vena cava called the sinoatrial node. Heart cells exhibit automaticity which is the ability to generate electrical activity independent of external stimulation. As a result, the cells of the node spontaneously generate electrical activity that is subsequently conducted throughout the heart, resulting in a regular heart rate. In absence of any external stimuli, sinoatrial pacing contributes to maintain the heart rate in the range of 60-100 beats per minute (bpm). At the same time, the two branches of the autonomic nervous system Document [5](Title: Electrical conduction system of the heart) The electrical conduction system of the heart transmits signals generated usually by the sinoatrial node to cause contraction of the heart muscle. The pacemaking signal generated in the sinoatrial node travels through the right atrium to the atrioventricular node, along the Bundle of His and through bundle branches to cause contraction of the heart muscle. This signal stimulates contraction first of the right and left atrium, and then the right and left ventricles. This process allows blood to be pumped throughout the body. Document [6](Title: Heart) peripheral blood vessels. The strength of heart muscle contractions controls the stroke volume. This can be influenced positively or negatively by agents termed inotropes. These agents can be a result of changes within the body, or be given as drugs as part of treatment for a medical disorder, or as a form of life support, particularly in intensive care units. Inotropes that increase the force of contraction are "positive" inotropes, and include sympathetic agents such as adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine. "Negative" inotropes decrease the force of contraction and include calcium channel blockers. The normal rhythmical heart beat, called sinus rhythm, Document [7](Title: Junctional rhythm) Junctional rhythm Junctional rhythm describes an abnormal heart rhythm resulting from impulses coming from a locus of tissue in the area of the atrioventricular node, the "junction" between atria and ventricles. Under normal conditions, the heart's sinoatrial node determines the rate by which the organ beats – in other words, it is the heart's "pacemaker". The electrical activity of sinus rhythm originates in the sinoatrial node and depolarizes the atria. Current then passes from the atria through the atrioventricular node and into the bundle of His, from which it travels along Purkinje fibers to reach and depolarize the ventricles. This Question: where is the major cardiovascular center in the cns Answer:

the medulla oblongata

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: We'll Sing in the Sunshine) '' We 'll Sing in the Sunshine '' is a 1964 hit song written and recorded by Gale Garnett which reached number two in Canada , and number four on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart for the week ending 17 October 1964 . The song also enjoyed success on easy listening and country music radio stations , spending seven weeks at number one on the Billboard Easy Listening chart and number 42 on the country chart . The Cash Box Top 100 ranked '' We 'll Sing in the Sunshine '' at number one for the week of 31 October 1964 , and it also reached number one in Garnett 's native New Zealand that November . : in Australia , '' We 'll Sing in the Sunshine '' afforded Garnett a Top Ten hit with a # 10 peak in October 1964 . Garnett 's sole Top 40 hit , '' We 'll Sing in the Sunshine '' won the Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording in 1965 . Document [1](Title: Gale Garnett) band the Gentle Reign. Her follow-up to "We'll Sing in the Sunshine", "Lovin' Place", was her only other single to chart in America. Garnett appeared twice on ABC's "Shindig!" and "The Lloyd Thaxton Show" at the height of her singing fame in the mid 1960s. Garnett delivered a notable performance in the Rankin-Bass feature "Mad Monster Party" in the late 1960s, with the memorable tunes "Our Time to Shine" and "Never Was a Love Like Mine." At this period she had begun to be more influenced by the counterculture and had embraced psychedelic themes to some extent. In the late Document [2](Title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2016) Fizz and in 1997 with the song "Love Shine a Light" performed by Katrina and the Waves. To this point, the nation is noted for having finished as the runner-up in a record fifteen contests. Up to and including 1998, the UK had only twice finished outside the top 10, in 1978 and 1987. Since 1999, the year in which the rule was abandoned that songs must be performed in one of the official languages of the country participating, the UK has had less success, thus far only finishing within the top ten twice: in 2002 with the song "Come Document [3](Title: Smile (Uncle Kracker song)) with some scenes from Hale, Michigan and Long Lake, Michigan. On the chart week of November 7, 2009, the original album version of "Smile" debuted at number 57 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart, becoming his first solo entry on that chart as well as his second chart single since he was featured with Kenny Chesney on "When the Sun Goes Down" in 2004. The song is also his second entry on the Hot Country Songs charts, debuting at number 57 on the week of November 7, 2009. On the "Billboard" Hot 100, the song reached number 31. Document [4](Title: Louis Armstrong) including "Stardust", "What a Wonderful World", "When The Saints Go Marching In", "Dream a Little Dream of Me", "Ain't Misbehavin'", "You Rascal You", and "Stompin' at the Savoy". "We Have All the Time in the World" was featured on the soundtrack of the James Bond film "On Her Majesty's Secret Service", and enjoyed renewed popularity in the UK in 1994 when it featured on a Guinness advert. It reached number 3 in the charts on being re-released. In 1964, Armstrong knocked The Beatles off the top of the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart with "Hello, Dolly!", which gave the 63-year-old performer Document [5](Title: My Toys Like Me) in collaboration with Disclosure, and their album, "Body Music" reached number 11 on the UK Album Chart. The album "Come On Sunshine" was completed with guest vocals from Ahu Kelesoglu (Dolly) features on the song 'Lost', as well as Karis McLarty and Dan Bowskill (Dub Pistols) on the songs 'Come On Sunshine' and 'Feathers' respectively. It never enjoyed a proper release, but has appeared on mainstream download sites. A single, "Come On Sunshine" featuring the vocals of Karis McLarty, was released on 3 October 2011. A promo titled "Come On Sunshine" was also made available via download stores and included Document [6](Title: You're Just in Love) was recorded on October 17, 1950 and released by Decca Records as catalog number 27317. The record first reached the "Billboard" magazine charts on March 30, 1951 and lasted 1 week on the chart, at #30. Although the lowest charting of the three, it got a considerable amount of airplay in subsequent years. Semprini, piano with Rhythm accompaniment recorded it in London on January 25, 1951 as the first song of the medley "Dancing to the Piano (No. 12) - Part 2. Hit Medley of Foxtrots from 'Call Me Madam'" along with "The Best Thing for You" and "It's Lovely Document [7](Title: Even the Nights Are Better) on this chart. It also reached No. 1 on the Canadian AC chart. In September 1982, the song reached its peak position of No. 5 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming the group's seventh consecutive top five hit on the US pop chart. In the United Kingdom, where the group did not enjoy the same amount of success as they did in Australia and the US, the song reached No. 44 on the UK Singles Chart. This song is notable for exiting the "Billboard" Top 40 the week after it peaked, falling from No. 6 to No. 42 in September Question: who sings we'll sing in the sunshine Answer:

Gale Garnett

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Jurassic World (attraction)) Jurassic World (attraction) Jurassic World is an upcoming attraction that will be themed to the "Jurassic World" franchise at Universal Studios Hollywood. The original , which opened on June 21, 1996 based on the 1993 film "Jurassic Park", is currently undergoing through a 9-month major refurbishment starting on September 3, 2018. The announcement was made on May 10, 2018 by Universal Studios Hollywood officials during the 25th anniversary of the 1993 film "Jurassic Park", directed by Steven Spielberg. It was stated that , which originally opened on June 21, 1996, would be closed for retheming based on the 2015 film Document [1](Title: Jurassic World) that would feel like a complete story". In May 2015, Trevorrow confirmed he would not direct a sequel, and he acted as an executive producer with Spielberg. J. A. Bayona directed the film, which will serve as the middle chapter of a planned "Jurassic World" trilogy. Filming took place from February to July 2017. Jurassic World Jurassic World is a 2015 American science fiction adventure film, the fourth installment of the "Jurassic Park" film series, and the first film in a planned "Jurassic World" trilogy. It was directed by Colin Trevorrow, written by Derek Connolly and Trevorrow, produced by Frank Document [2](Title: Tyrannosaurus in popular culture) iconic depictions of "Tyrannosaurus" in film was in 1993's "Jurassic Park", where dinosaurs including "T. rex" are brought back to life using blood from fossilized mosquitoes. In the film, the dinosaur breaks free of its theme park enclosure, and proceeds to roam the park after attacking the visitors and killing one (a lawyer). In the film's finale, the "Tyrannosaurus" indirectly saves the main characters by killing the "Velociraptors", who had been hunting them through the visitor center. The popularity of "T. rex" has long had a reciprocal effect on dinosaur science; the popularity of "Jurassic Park" factored into the discovery Document [3](Title: Jurassic Park (film)) Jurassic Park is a 1993 American science - fiction adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg and produced by Kathleen Kennedy and Gerald R. Molen . The first installment in the Jurassic Park franchise , it is based on the 1990 novel of the same name by Michael Crichton and a screenplay written by Crichton and David Koepp . The film is set on the fictional islet of Isla Nublar , located off Central America 's Pacific Coast near Costa Rica , where a billionaire philanthropist and a small team of genetic scientists have created a wildlife park of cloned dinosaurs . Document [4](Title: The Lost World (Crichton novel)) the pages to find out what happens next." Karlen noted that, "Once again, the dinosaurs seem the real stars," while writing that the human characters "are introduced as if in shorthand screenplay form". Karlen especially praised the novel's raptors, calling them "seemingly meaner, more loathsome, and once again better developed than almost all of the book's human characters." "" is a 1997 science fiction film and sequel to "Jurassic Park", loosely based on Crichton's novel. The film was a commercial success, breaking many box-office records when released, but received mixed reviews. It has a number of plot differences from the Document [5](Title: Jurassic Park (film)) versions, finishing the year with 910,000 units sold. Following the release of "Jurassic Park III", a new box set with all the films called "Jurassic Park Trilogy" was released on December 11, 2001; it was re-released on VHS and DVD as part of its 15th anniversary on October 8, 2004. It was repackaged as "Jurassic Park Adventure Pack" on November 29, 2005. The trilogy was released on Blu-ray on October 25, 2011, debuting at number five on the Blu-ray charts, and nominated as the best release of the year by both the Las Vegas Film Critics Society and the Saturn Document [6](Title: Dinosaur in a Haystack) republished during his lifetime. Essay "Dinomania" is a review of Michael Crichton's novel and Steven Spielberg's blockbuster film, "Jurassic Park". Gould's book received favorable reviews in "Publishers Weekly" and "The New York Times". Dinosaur in a Haystack Dinosaur in a Haystack (1995) is the seventh volume of collected essays by the Harvard paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould. The essays were culled from his monthly column "The View of Life" published in "Natural History" magazine, which Gould contributed for 27 years. The book deals with themes familiar to Gould's writing: evolution, science biography, probabilities, and strange oddities found in nature. His essay Document [7](Title: Lego Jurassic World) from "The Lost World: Jurassic Park", making him the only actor from the second or third films to contribute new lines. Original music for the game was written by Rob Westwood, and was composed by Chad Seiter. "Journey to the Island", "T-Rex Rescue and Finale" and "", three tracks written by composer John Williams for "Jurassic Park" and "The Lost World: Jurassic Park", were also implemented into the game, along with music composed by Michael Giacchino for "Jurassic World". The game was first teased when Plastic Man's "Tyrannosaurus" form appeared during the end credits of the 2014 video game, "". Question: when was the first jurassic park film made Answer:

1993

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Monty Norman) Barry was the composer, most recently against "The Sunday Times" in 2001. In the made-for-DVD documentary "Inside Dr. No", Norman performs a music piece which he wrote for the stage several years earlier entitled "Bad Sign, Good Sign", that resembles the melody of the "James Bond Theme" in several places. Norman collected around £600,000 in royalties between the years 1976 and 1999 for the use of the theme since "Dr. No". Monty Norman Monty Norman (born 4 April 1928) is a singer and film composer best known for composing the "James Bond Theme". Norman was born Monty Noserovitch in Stepney Document [1](Title: Diamonds Are Forever (film)) be performed by Shirley Bassey, after "Goldfinger" in 1964. In an interview for the television programme "James Bond's Greatest Hits", composer John Barry revealed that he told Bassey to imagine she was singing about a penis. Bassey would later return for a third performance for 1979's "Moonraker". The original soundtrack was once again composed by John Barry, his sixth time composing for a Bond film. With Connery back in the lead role, the "James Bond Theme" was played by an electric guitar in the somewhat unusual, blued gun barrel sequence accompanied with prismatic ripples of light, in the pre-credits sequence, Document [2](Title: Vic Flick) Now", featuring tracks from James Bond soundtracks and new compositions. In 2005, he played on the soundtrack of the "From Russia With Love" video game by Electronic Arts. In 2008, his autobiography, "Vic Flick Guitarman: From James Bond to The Beatles and Beyond" (), was published by Bearmanor Media. On October 5, 2012, Vic Flick was honored at the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences for "The Music of Bond: The First 50 Years." He played the "James Bond Theme" on his 1939 Clifford Essex Paragon De Luxe “James Bond” Guitar to a live audience. He also was interviewed Document [3](Title: Licence to Kill (soundtrack)) Licence to Kill (soundtrack) The soundtrack to Licence to Kill, the 16th James Bond film of the same name, was released by MCA Records in 1989. Because the usual James Bond composer John Barry (who had scored almost every film from "From Russia with Love" onwards) was not available at the time as he was undergoing throat surgery, the soundtrack's more upbeat and suspenseful score was composed and conducted by Michael Kamen. Initially Eric Clapton and Vic Flick were asked to write and perform the theme song to "Licence to Kill". The theme was said to have been a new Document [4](Title: John Barry (composer)) John Barry Prendergast , OBE ( / ˈbæri / ; 3 November 1933 -- 30 January 2011 ) was an English composer and conductor of film music . He composed the scores for 11 of the James Bond films between 1963 and 1987 , and also arranged and performed the '' James Bond Theme '' to the first film in the series , 1962 's Dr. No . He wrote the Grammy - and Academy Award - winning scores to the films Dances with Wolves and Out of Africa , as well as the theme for the British television cult series The Persuaders ! , in a career spanning over 50 years . In 1999 , he was appointed OBE at Buckingham Palace for services to music . Document [5](Title: The Operative: No One Lives Forever) order to avoid any legal troubles over music from the James Bond franchise of films and games, Whitmore was initially asked to refrain from using brass instruments; a directive he compared to "being asked to produce a blues album without guitars". While some of the instrument sounds came from professional collections, others were home-made samples, including solo cello sounds performed by Lori Goldston, used in the H.A.R.M. theme. Influences for the score included German composer Peter Thomas, the soundtrack of the 1968 film "Barbarella", and "an array of Italian composers who did beautiful scores for low budget European erotic films." Document [6](Title: On Her Majesty's Secret Service (soundtrack)) On Her Majesty's Secret Service (soundtrack) On Her Majesty's Secret Service ("OHMSS") is the soundtrack for the sixth James Bond film of the same name. The soundtrack to this film was composed, arranged, and conducted by John Barry; it was his fifth successive Bond film. The opening theme proved a challenge; the convention was to include the film's title in the opening song's lyrics; the film became the first in the series since "From Russia with Love" to deviate from this rule. Barry felt it would be difficult to compose a theme song containing the title "On Her Majesty's Secret Document [7](Title: Out of Africa (film)) and killed by a marauding lioness. The music for "Out of Africa" was composed and conducted by veteran English composer John Barry. The score included a number of outside pieces such as Mozart's "Clarinet Concerto" and African traditional songs. The soundtrack garnered Barry an Oscar for Best Original Score and sits in fifteenth place in the American Film Institute's list of top 25 American film scores. The soundtrack was released through MCA Records and features 12 tracks of score at a running time of just over thirty-three minutes. A rerecording conducted by Joel McNeely and performed by the Royal Scottish Question: who wrote the theme music for out of africa Answer:

John Barry Prendergast

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Bride of the Century) Bride of the Century Bride of the Century () is a 2014 South Korean television series starring Lee Hong-gi and Yang Jin-sung. It aired on cable channel TV Chosun from February 22 to April 12, 2014 for 16 episodes. The story of the fantasy/romance drama revolves around a family curse that causes the first wife of the first born son to die. Taeyang Group is the largest conglomerate in South Korea. The Choi family who runs Taeyang has supposedly been under a curse for a hundred years that the first bride of the eldest son will always die. When the Document [1](Title: Christine Yoo) Christine Yoo Christine Yoo is a Korean-American writer, director, producer and filmmaker. She has written and directed a romantic-comedy feature film entitled "Wedding Palace," starring Brian Tee, Kang Hye-jung, Bobby Lee, Margaret Cho, Joy Osmanski, Steve Park, Kelvin Han Yee, Elaine Kao, Charles Kim, Jean Yoon, Nancy J. Lee, Simon Rhee, and more. The film is a U.S.-Korea joint production that won Best Feature Film and Best Cinematography at the Cine Gear Expo Film Series Competition and a Golden Angel Award for Best Asian American Film at the Chinese American Film Festival and was also an official selection of the Document [2](Title: Pyebaek) Pyebaek Pyebaek is a Korean wedding custom that is traditionally held a few days after the official ceremony, with only family members present. The ceremony begins with the older couple seated on cushions behind a table in front of a painted screen, with the newlyweds opposite them. The newlyweds perform a deep bow which begins standing and ends with the newlyweds pressing their foreheads to their hands while kneeling on the floor. The bride may present the groom's parents with jujubes (Korean dates) and chestnuts, which symbolize children. A variation will have the newlyweds offering cups of wine, usually cheongju. Document [3](Title: Yoon So-yi) in the present day, premiered at the 2010 Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival. She was cast as Queen Seondeok in a specially commissioned 20-minute film for the 2011 Gyeongju World Culture Expo. Titled "Byeongnucheon" ("The Bracelet of Blue Tears"), the fantasy adventure aimed to spearhead Korea's nascent stereoscopic film industry, combining live action sequences with 3D animated computer graphics. Later that year, Yoon's period drama "Warrior Baek Dong-soo" brought in high viewership ratings, topping its timeslot for 3 straight months. She immediately followed that with the Channel A cable series "Color of Woman", replacing Eugene as the romantic comedy lead Document [4](Title: Gag Concert) who has been making people laugh despite the kingdom's ban on laughter. His interrogation process tests the humor of suspected subjects by making them come up with acrostic poems. "(Korean: 사대천왕; Starring: Kwon Jinyeong, Kim Jincheol, Hong Ingyu)" "(Korean: 그녀는 예뻤다; Starring: Ahn Ilgwon, Oh Nami, Heo Min)" A story about tsundere Ahn Ilgwon's love for Oh Nami. "(Korean: 우격다짐; Starring: Lee Jeongsu)" "(Korean: 잉? 터뷰, Starring: Kim Taewon, Song Jeungeun, Kang Yumi, Park Soyoung, Song Byeongcheol, Im Wooil, Kim Jeonghoon)" "(Korean: 씨스타29; Starring: Park Jisun, Oh Nami, Song Byeongcheol)" A parody of unit sub-group "SISTAR19", composed of 29-year-old women Document [5](Title: Choi Myung-gil) Choi Myung-gil Choi Myung-gil (born November 11, 1962) is a South Korean actress. Choi received several Best Actress awards for her portrayal of a proprietress who rents out her comic book shop as an overnight shelter in the 1994 film "Rosy Life" (also known as "La Vie en Rose"). She has also starred in numerous television dramas, notably "Marriage" (1993), "Tears of the Dragon" (1996), "Empress Myeongseong" (2001), and "Again, My Love" (2009). Choi is married to politician and lawmaker ; Kim is chairman of the Democratic Party and co-chairman of the New Politics Alliance for Democracy. The couple have Document [6](Title: The Bride of Habaek) The Bride of Habaek Promotional Poster Also known as Bride of the Water God Original title 하백 의 신부 Genre Fantasy Romance Comedy Based on Bride of the Water God by Yoon Mi - kyung Developed by Studio Dragon Written by Jung Yoon - jung Directed by Kim Byung - soo Creative director ( s ) Kwon Young - il Lee Seung - kyoo Choi Kwang - shik Lee So - jin Starring Shin Se - kyung Nam Joo - hyuk Lim Ju - hwan Krystal Jung Gong Myung Country of origin South Korea Original language ( s ) Korean No. of episodes 16 Production Executive producer ( s ) Kim Mi - na Lee Chan - ho Producer ( s ) Kim Ye - ji Seo Jae - hyun Cinematography Jun Byung - moon Uhm Jae - wan Editor ( s ) Hong Hyo - Sun Choi Yun - joo Camera setup Single - camera Production company ( s ) Number Three Pictures Distributor tvN Release Original network tvN Picture format 1080i ( HDTV ) Audio format Dolby Digital Original release July 3 ( 2017 - 07 - 03 ) -- August 22 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 22 ) External links Website program.tving.com/tvn/tvnhabaek Document [7](Title: Spamalot) the show was in July 2011 in Mexico City. The show ran for over 500 performances across the country. The Japanese productionran from 9 to 22 January 2012 at the Akasaka Blitz theater in Tokyo before playing Morinomiya Piloti Hall in Osaka from 2 February to February to 6 February. The production featured Yūsuke Santamaria as King Arthus, Aya Hirano as Lady of the Lake, Magy as Patsy, Yuya Matsushita as Sir Galahad and Tsuyoshi Muro as Prince Herbert. The South Korean production was presented by OD Musical Company, and CJ Entertainment's Performing Arts division (now a part of CJ Question: how many episode the bride of water god Answer:

16

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Buzz Lightyear) changes and opportunities for the audience. Buzz Lightyear turns back to his normal self after he nearly gets crushed by a television set in a garbage truck. After making their way back to Andy's house, Buzz Lightyear, Woody, Jessie, and the other toys are given by Andy to a little girl named Bonnie. The end shows the toys embracing their new life with Bonnie. In "Toy Story 4", Buzz Lightyear will return, where he and the others will help Woody reunite with Bo Peep. In "Buzz Lightyear of Star Command", Buzz Lightyear is a Space Ranger working for Star Command, Document [1](Title: Sheriff Woody) mainly due to Stinky Pete cutting it with his pickaxe and almost loses his hat until it is caught by Buzz. Eventually, Buzz manages to rescue Woody, along with Jessie and Bullseye. As they are taxiing down the runway Stinky Pete is stuffed into a backpack of a little girl who loves to apply make up on her toys, so that Stinky Pete will get the love of a child he needed for decades. Woody and Jessie escape through the landing gear before it retracts, and Buzz rescues them while riding Bullseye. Jessie and Bullseye are brought back to Andy's Document [2](Title: Pixar) the business of it, but for us, it's pure passion...One of the things that was very important for me as an artist is to continue directing. When I direct, I get to work with the individual artists, with the animators." In August 2015, at the D23 Expo, Lasseter said that the film would focus on the romance between Woody and Bo Peep. Its story will be built on the fact that Bo Peep was absent in "Toy Story 3", with Woody and Buzz Lightyear trying to find her and bring her back. "Toy Story" was the first Pixar film to Document [3](Title: List of Toy Story characters) Jessie is a cowgirl doll , and part of the Woody 's Round Up gang . Jessie is also Buzz Lightyear 's girlfriend . She first appeared in Toy Story 2 along with Bullseye ( her horse ) and Stinky Pete . Initially , Jessie was hesitant to join Andy 's toys . After she becomes part of the family , she is very happy ( despite that Andy first calls her Bazooka Jane ) . In Toy Story 3 , she was riding Bullseye when Woody fell off the train in Andy 's opening sequence . She argued with Woody on their way to Sunnyside Daycare because of when the others think Andy threw them out . Later in the film , Jessie feels close with Buzz , even when Buzz got switched into Spanish . At the end , Jessie and Buzz danced to the Spanish version of '' You 've Got a Friend in Me . '' Jessie also makes a cameo appearance in Monsters , Inc. as one of the toys Boo gives Sulley . Jessie also appears in Pixar 's production of Toy Story of Terror ! as the main character that saves the other toys from the toy stealer and seller at the rest stop . Document [4](Title: Toy Story 3: The Video Game) But they fail, so the toys hide in a box headed for daycare, although Woody is reluctant. They are welcomed warmly into Sunnyside by a strawberry-scented teddy bear called Lotso, who holds a "New Toys Welcome" carnival. Although Woody has a good time, he still thinks he should be with Andy, and attempts to escape from Sunnyside, but ends up being taken home by Bonnie, who finds him on the ground. Meanwhile, the other toys back at the daycare discover that Sunnyside is "not sunny" for everyone. It turns out that Sunnyside had been turned into a toy prison by Document [5](Title: Jessica Wakefield) Jessica. Lila and Amy took Melissa's side and Jessica's golden-girl image was temporarily shattered. However, Jessica has two good friends on her side in Annie Whitman and Jade Wu. Despite Melissa's attempts to sabotage her try-out, Jessica remained on the cheerleading squad, although the captainship was passed on to Tia Ramirez, whom she gained a close friendship with. Jessica soon became friends with Cherie Reese and Gino Cho who both felt guilty for their actions in hurting her. A turbulent on/off relationship with Will was followed by a steadier, more compassionate relationship with Jeremy Aames. Jessica eventually patched up her Document [6](Title: Jessie (2011 TV series)) the series as 6 of the 101 produced episodes were combined into 3 extended length specials for broadcast and video sales. In November 2012, Disney Channel announced that the show would crossover with "Austin & Ally" as a one-hour special episode titled "Austin & Jessie & Ally All Star New Year". The episode aired December 7, 2012. In October 2013, Disney Channel announced a crossover episode of "Jessie" and "Good Luck Charlie" called "Good Luck Jessie: NYC Christmas". In the episode, PJ (Jason Dolley) and Teddy (Bridgit Mendler) go to New York for Christmas Eve and stay with Jessie for Document [7](Title: Buzz Lightyear) This minifigure was featured in 7 sets : 30073, 7593, 7598, 7597, 7590, 9002700 (watch set) and a magnet set (852949) featuring Buzz Lightyear, Woody and a pizza planet alien. The other variant was the "dirty" version of Buzz Lightyear as seen in Toy Story 3. This mini-figure was featured in 1 set which was 7599. This variant featured the same Buzz Lightyear mini-figure with printed on dirt stains. In 2016 a new version of Buzz Lightyear was created for the LEGO mini-figures Disney series. This mini-figure featured new prints for legs and arms of the minifigure and removed the Question: what's the horse called in toy story Answer:

Bullseye

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Goliath (Six Flags Fiesta Texas)) of the park's rides were submerged in water for a long period of time after the hurricane, damaging them beyond repair. Batman: The Ride survived, mainly because of its high elevation (much of the ride sat above water level) and corrosion-resistant support structure. When the floods retreated, Six Flags announced that they had no plans to reopen the New Orleans theme park, and anything in the park that was still in working condition was moved to other parts of the country. On September 27, 2007, the ride moved to its new home in San Antonio, made over with a new Document [1](Title: Batman franchise media) The Ride (Six Flags St. Louis has the same ride, as does Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois) as well as twin roller coasters named Batman and Robin: The Chiller. On the latter attraction, riders may ride on either the Batman or Robin versions of the coaster. But unfortunately in the 2007 off-season, the ride was removed after a long history of technical difficulties and occasionally breaking down. Six Flags Over Georgia contains a Gotham City area that contains the same Batman: The Ride and also features a looping coaster called The Mindbender that was adapted to fit the Document [2](Title: Zoombezi Bay) be used as winter storage for the carnival's rides. The area soon developed into an amusement park and added its first roller coaster, Jet Flyer, in 1956. Following the owner's death in the 1970s, ownership was transferred to the city of Columbus, who began leasing the park to Ohio-based Funtime Inc., in 1983. Funtime was later acquired by Premier Parks in 1995. Premier Parks, originally an Oklahoma-based real estate company named TierCo, ventured into the entertainment industry when it purchased Frontier City in 1983. It later acquired Six Flags in 1999 changing its name to Six Flags Inc., in reference Document [3](Title: Six Flags New Orleans) In early 2003 , Six Flags upgraded the park and renamed it '' Six Flags New Orleans . '' Six Flags added more shaded areas and many new flat spinning rides . The park was renamed Six Flags , and the '' it 's playtime ! '' theme was adopted that included a dancing old man , Mr. Six . They added a Bolliger & Mabillard inverted coaster named Batman : The Ride ( a mirrored version of the B&M Batman : The Ride coaster model ) relocated from the defunct Thrill Valley in Japan , and a Vekoma multiple looping coaster called The Jester relocated from Six Flags Fiesta Texas . A water park that would be included in the admission ( like Six Flags Parks such as Six Flags St. Louis and Six Flags America , for example ) was in the planning stages in early 2005 and was going to be announced at the end of August . However , Hurricane Katrina struck New Orleans , which put those plans and the continued operations of the park in question . The last day the park operated was August 21 , 2005 . Weekday operations had ended a couple weeks earlier , as schools start early in August in the New Orleans area and end in mid-May . The park was scheduled to reopen on August 27 and August 28 , but once Katrina was forecast late on Friday , August 26 to directly hit New Orleans , the weekend opening was canceled in order to prepare for the storm and begin evacuations . Document [4](Title: Six Flags Fiesta Texas) in 2017. Six Flags Fiesta Texas has featured numerous forms of in-park entertainment throughout its history. The park generally has kept the theme of the shows to the location of the theater, such as country & western shows at the Sundance Theatre in Crackaxle Canyon and the former Rockin' At Rockville High show (a 50's style show) at the Rockville High Theater. Guests of the park are welcomed by a wide array of characters and performers all throughout the park such as, characters from the Looney Tunes universe to the superheroes of DC Comics. From 2009 to late 2010, another Document [5](Title: Batman: The Ride) Batman: The Ride Batman: The Ride is a steel inverted roller coaster based thematically on the 1989 film Batman and found at seven Six Flags theme parks in the United States. Built by consulting engineers Bolliger & Mabillard, it rises to a height of between and reaches top speeds of . The original roller coaster at Six Flags Great America was partially devised by the park's general manager Jim Wintrode. Batman: The Ride was the world's first inverted roller coaster when it opened in 1992, and has since been awarded Coaster Landmark status by the American Coaster Enthusiasts. Clones of Document [6](Title: Thunder River (ride)) Thunder River (ride) Thunder River is a river rapids ride operating at Six Flags Over Georgia in Austell, Georgia and Six Flags St. Louis in Eureka, Missouri. Thunder River at Six Flags AstroWorld in Houston, Texas closed at the end of the 2005 season. Six Flags AstroWorld and Intamin AG partnered in 1979 to build the world's first river rapids ride in 1980, named Thunder River. The water ride became so popular at AstroWorld that Six Flags debuted six new river rapids in the early 1980s, including Six Flags Over Georgia in 1982, and at Six Flags St. Louis in Document [7](Title: Viper (Six Flags Magic Mountain)) Viper (Six Flags Magic Mountain) Viper is a steel roller coaster manufactured by Arrow Dynamics of the United States. The roller coaster is located in the Baja Ridge area of Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. Viper is the last of the 7-looper roller coasters (Mega Loopers) built by Arrow Dynamics to remain operating. The other two were, Shockwave at Six Flags Great America and the Great American Scream Machine at Six Flags Great Adventure, were demolished in 2002 and 2010, respectively. The roller coaster replaced a HUSS ride type named Condor. In August of 2018, Viper closed for Question: when did six flags new orleans shut down Answer:

August 21 , 2005

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: The Desperate Hours (film)) This order was affirmed by the highest state court. Time, Inc., appealed the case to the United States Supreme Court, which ruled that the First Amendment prohibited holding the publisher liable unless the article was known by it to be false, or at least was published with disregard as to its truth or falsity (i.e., recklessly). The jury had not been so instructed, so the judgment could not stand. This ruling was a significant expansion of press protection, for a (qualified) immunity from damages was being extended to publishing matter about people who were newsworthy only by accident, as opposed Document [1](Title: Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth) which the High Court found implied rights in the Constitution. This trend reached a High-point in "Theophanous v Herald & Weekly Times Ltd", which found that the implied right to freedom of political communication could be used as a defence in a defamation action. Although that is no longer the case, the limited right to freedom of communication remains. It was emphasised in later cases like "Lange v ABC", that political communication was not a personal right, rather a constitutional restriction on legislative power. In discussing the nature of representative government, Chief Justice Mason expressed the view that although the Document [2](Title: Freedom of speech) for all. However, freedom of the press does not necessarily enable freedom of speech. Judith Lichtenberg has outlined conditions in which freedom of the press may constrain freedom of speech, for example where the media suppresses information or stifles the diversity of voices inherent in freedom of speech. Lichtenberg argues that freedom of the press is simply a form of property right summed up by the principle "no money, no voice". Freedom of speech is understood to be fundamental in a democracy. The norms on limiting freedom of expression mean that public debate may not be completely suppressed even in Document [3](Title: Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth) Although this right is not an absolute one, it is still a right which allows for free and public political discussion. The court also decided that the relevant laws, contained in Part IIID of the "Broadcasting Act", were invalid because there was no reasonable justification for the way they restricted the freedom of political communication. The court decided that the laws also impaired certain functions of the States in terms of their rights to make political advertisements, and so the laws were also invalid for that reason. The case was one of the earliest in a series of cases in Document [4](Title: Sex, Sin, and Blasphemy) the First Amendment rights when, particular with regards to government involvement. "Censorship can be carried out by the government as well as private pressure groups. Censorship by the government is unconstitutional." (ACLU) Censorship has, to many people, gotten out of hand, and takes away from our First Amendment right of Freedom of Speech. "The question, therefore, is not whether we ought to have constraints on speech but what kinds of constraints?" (Huffpost). An argument of constraints is just an argument in itself. Peoples' views on constraints can vary from personal opinions, to personal exposures and experiences. The book focuses on Document [5](Title: Free Speech, "The People's Darling Privilege") blacks". Curtis discusses conflict involving people related to these historical events, including editors, political activists, and politicians. The author discusses advocates of free speech before the recognition of this right in the U.S. court system. Curtis writes that despite the actions of the government, it is the actions of individuals through speech and protest that allow democracy to function appropriately. The author states that, "again and again, people in power have treated speech that advocated lawful change through democratic process as an incitement to lawless action". Curtis says that free speech rights in the U.S., which at present are believed Document [6](Title: Freedom of speech) rights or reputation of others" or "[f]or the protection of national security or of public order (order public), or of public health or morals". Freedom of speech and expression, therefore, may not be recognized as being absolute, and common limitations or boundaries to freedom of speech relate to libel, slander, obscenity, pornography, sedition, incitement, fighting words, classified information, copyright violation, trade secrets, food labeling, non-disclosure agreements, the right to privacy, the right to be forgotten, public security, and perjury. Justifications for such include the harm principle, proposed by John Stuart Mill in "On Liberty", which suggests that: "the only purpose Document [7](Title: First Amendment to the United States Constitution) The free speech and free press clauses have been interpreted as providing the same protection to speakers as to writers , except for wireless broadcasting which has been given less constitutional protection . The Free Press Clause protects the right of individuals to express themselves through publication and dissemination of information , ideas and opinions without interference , constraint or prosecution by the government . This right was described in Branzburg v. Hayes as '' a fundamental personal right '' that is not confined to newspapers and periodicals . In Lovell v. City of Griffin ( 1938 ) , Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes defined '' press '' as '' every sort of publication which affords a vehicle of information and opinion '' . This right has been extended to media including newspapers , books , plays , movies , and video games . While it is an open question whether people who blog or use social media are journalists entitled to protection by media shield laws , they are protected equally by the Free Speech Clause and the Free Press Clause , because both clauses do not distinguish between media businesses and nonprofessional speakers . This is further shown by the Supreme Court consistently refusing to recognize the First Amendment as providing greater protection to the institutional media than to other speakers . For example , in a case involving campaign finance laws the Court rejected the '' suggestion that communication by corporate members of the institutional press is entitled to greater constitutional protection than the same communication by '' non-institutional - press businesses . Question: when did the supreme court rule that movies were a form of protected speech Answer:

1938

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Roman Empire) The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Rōmānum, Classical Latin: [ɪmˈpɛ.ri.ũː roːˈmaː.nũː]; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC - c. AD 400, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). Document [1](Title: Legacy of the Roman Empire) creative invention in the military gave Rome the edge against its adversaries for half a millennium, and with it, the ability to create an empire that even today, more than 2000 years later, continues to leave its legacy in many areas of modern life. Rome left a legacy of founding many cities as "Colonia". There were more than 500 Roman colonies spread through the Empire, most of them populated by veterans of the Roman legions. Some Roman colonies rose to become influential commercial and trade centers, transportation hubs and capitals of international empires, like Constantinople, London, Paris and Vienna. All Document [2](Title: Roman Empire) The Roman Empire was among the most powerful economic , cultural , political and military forces in the world of its time . It was one of the largest empires in world history . At its height under Trajan , it covered 5 million square kilometres . It held sway over an estimated 70 million people , at that time 21 % of the world 's entire population . The longevity and vast extent of the empire ensured the lasting influence of Latin and Greek language , culture , religion , inventions , architecture , philosophy , law and forms of government on the empire 's descendants . Throughout the European medieval period , attempts were even made to establish successors to the Roman Empire , including the Empire of Romania , a Crusader state ; and the Holy Roman Empire . By means of European colonialism following the Renaissance , and their descendant states , Greco - Roman and Judaeo - Christian culture was exported on a worldwide scale , playing a crucial role in the development of the modern world . Document [3](Title: Tourism in Italy) beginning in the late 17th century, and flourishing in the 18th century.Rome, as the capital of the powerful and influential Roman Empire, attracted thousands to the city and country from all over the empire, which included most of the Mediterranean, Northern Africa, mainland Great Britain (England) and the parts of the Middle East. Traders and merchants came to Italy from several different parts of the world. When the empire fell in 476 AD, Rome was no longer the epicentre of European politics and culture; on the other hand, it was the base of the papacy, which then governed the growing Document [4](Title: Fall of the Western Roman Empire) be described as Roman. Barbarian kingdoms had established their own power in much of the area of the Western Empire. While its legitimacy lasted for centuries longer and its cultural influence remains today, the Western Empire never had the strength to rise again. The Eastern Empire survived, and though lessened in strength remained for centuries an effective power of the Eastern Mediterranean. While the loss of political unity and military control is universally acknowledged, the Fall is not the only unifying concept for these events; the period described as Late Antiquity emphasizes the cultural continuities throughout and beyond the political Document [5](Title: Demography of the Roman Empire) 5,000 individuals), indicating an urbanization rate of at least 25-30 % to be consistent with conventional estimates for the total population, comparable to those in the 19th century. High mortality rates and pre-modern sanitary conditions made urban regions net population sinks, with more local deaths than births. They could only be sustained by constant immigration. The large cities provided a major stimulus to demand, and not only for agricultural products, but for manufactured goods and luxury items as well. Russell estimated the urban population in Late Antiquity, as follows. Demography of the Roman Empire Demographically, the Roman Empire was an Document [6](Title: Gothic secular and domestic architecture) the Roman Empire in general been brought to a standstill or of very limited scope. With time, as cities grew and new towns were established, this spurred a political development that slowly began to challenge the feudal system dominant at the time. The growing power of the cities was reflected in the erection of town halls, guilds, and other mercantile and civic buildings. As noted above, regional differences in the structure of political power is reflected in the architecture of medieval cities. While most cities during the Gothic era grew over a longer period in a more or less haphazard Document [7](Title: Roman Empire) With the deposition of Romulus Augustulus in 476 AD by Odoacer, King of Italy, the Western Roman Empire finally collapsed and it was formally abolished by emperor Zeno in 480 AD. The Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire, continued until 1453 with the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire. Due to the Roman Empire's vast extent and long endurance, the institutions and culture of Rome had a profound and lasting influence on the development of language, religion, architecture, philosophy, law, and forms of government in the territory it governed, particularly Europe. The Latin language of the Question: extent of the roman empire at its height Answer:

5 million square kilometres

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: How to Train Your Dragon) defend themselves. Hiccup and Gobber are saved by a mysterious man in a fireproof suit riding a white dragon, whom they at first believe to be a man from the treacherous Lava-Lout tribe. The man soon reveals himself to be Humungously Hotshot, one of the greatest heroes on the planet. Although Hiccup's father, Stoick, begins to regard Hotshot with jealousy, he hires him as Hiccup's "bodyguard". After that, Hotshot saves Hiccup from several deadly situations, all of which are later revealed to be his own doing. Later on at night, Hiccup wakes up to Hotshot looming over him with his Document [1](Title: How to Train Your Dragon (film)) Stoick assembles a fleet to find the dragons ' nest , leaving Hiccup in a dragon - fighting class taught by Gobber . Hiccup returns to the forest to find the Night Fury still there , and realizes it is unable to fly properly because of its crippled caudal fin . Hiccup gradually tames the dragon and gives it the name '' Toothless '' , for its retractable teeth . Hiccup makes a harness and prosthetic fin that allows him to guide the dragon in free flight . By studying Toothless ' behavior , Hiccup becomes proficient in subduing the captive dragons during training . Stoick 's fleet arrives home unsuccessful , but he is cheered by Hiccup 's unexpected success . Document [2](Title: Dragon Ball Z: Wrath of the Dragon) him, explaining that inside him is the essence of half of the ferocious monster, Hirudegarn, before fleeing into isolation. Trunks, however, takes an instant liking to Tapion, and frequently sneaks off to his location to bring him food, despite Tapion angrily telling him to leave him alone. Shortly afterwards, the lower half of Hirudegarn appears and begins attacking the city. Gohan and Videl rush to the city's aid, but are unable to deal any damage until Tapion appears, playing a mysterious tune on an ocarina which weakens Hirudegarn and causes him to vanish. Later on, however, while Trunks is bringing Document [3](Title: How to Train Your Dragon) the sky and squash the Librarian flat with the Stealth Dragon. Madguts and Gumboil arrive for the Stealth Dragon and are about to kill Bertha. Hiccup saves her by lying to Madguts, telling him that the Scary Hairy Librarian had stolen the Stealth Dragon instead, so she squashed the Librarian. Madguts believes him, and takes the Librarian away. Hiccup persuades Stoick that books are useful and books are unbanned by order of the Thing. At the end of the book, there is Hiccup's finished A Hero's Guide To Deadly Dragons, as well as a Dragonese dictionary and conversation starters with Document [4](Title: Out of the Silent Planet) for a "hnakra" (plural "hnéraki"), a fierce water-creature which seems to be the only dangerous predator on the planet, resembling both a shark and a crocodile. While hunting, Ransom and his "hrossa" companions are told by an "eldil", an almost invisible creature reminiscent of a spirit or deva, that Ransom must go to meet Oyarsa, the "eldil" who is ruler of the planet—and indeed that he already should have done so. He hesitates to respond to the summons, as he wishes to proceed with the hunt. Hyoi, after killing the "hnakra" with Ransom's help, is shot dead by Devine and Document [5](Title: Dungeons & Dragons: Heroes) red dragon and defeat it. They claim the Gem of Fire and open the portal to the Frostbound. Upon arriving, the heroes come to a sorceress who wants some Ice Golems dead. Working their way through barbarians, frost wolves and killing the Ice Golems, the heroes make their way to the Frost Worm's Lair; and they kill the Frost Worm and take the Gem of Ice, which opens the portal to Bone Necropolis. The heroes discover that Rik is missing, and Lidda supposes that he got wise to the situation and moved on. After fighting many undead in the Bone Document [6](Title: Dermotherium) p4, but this cusp is present in the molars. The talonid contains a hypoconid, hypoconulid, and entoconid and is much wider than the trigonid because the hypoconid is displaced buccally. A cristid obliqua descends from the hypoconid and reaches the protoconid. Although a crest, the postmetacristid, descends from the back side of the metaconid, ending in a small cusp, the metastylid, it is separated from the entoconid by a notch. The living colugos lack such a strong postmetacristid. The hypoconulid is near the back lingual margin of the tooth, behind the entoconid. In "D. major", this cusp is further to Document [7](Title: Hyomandibula) Hyomandibula The hyomandibula, commonly referred to as hyomandibular [bone] (, from , "upsilon-shaped" (υ), and Latin: mandibula, "jawbone") is a set of bones that is found in the hyoid region in most fishes. It usually plays a role in suspending the jaws and/or operculum (teleostomi only). It is commonly suggested that in tetrapods (land animals), the hyomandibula evolved into the columella (stapes). In jawless fishes a series of gills opened behind the mouth, and these gills became supported by cartilaginous elements. The first set of these elements surrounded the mouth to form the jaw. There are ample evidences that vertebrate Question: dragons name on how to train your dragon Answer:

Toothless

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Flerovium) of 30 fb for Bi(Zn,n)Nh, the reaction which RIKEN used for the official discovery of element 113, now named nihonium. The Dubna team repeated their investigation of the Pu+Ca reaction in 2017, observing three new consistent decay chains of Fl, an additional decay chain from this nuclide that may pass through some isomeric states in its daughters, a chain that could be assigned to Fl (likely stemming from Pu impurities in the target), and some spontaneous fission events of which some could be from Fl, though other interpretations including side reactions involving the evaporation of charged particles are also possible. Document [1](Title: Periodic table) As of 2016 , the periodic table has 118 confirmed elements , from element 1 ( hydrogen ) to 118 ( oganesson ) . Elements 113 , 115 , 117 and 118 , the most recent discoveries , were officially confirmed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC ) in December 2015 . Their proposed names , nihonium ( Nh ) , moscovium ( Mc ) , tennessine ( Ts ) and oganesson ( Og ) respectively , were announced by the IUPAC in June 2016 and made official in November 2016 . Document [2](Title: Rutherfordium) suggested for element 106 and IUPAC felt that the Dubna team should be rightly recognized for their contributions. However, there was still a dispute over the names of elements 104–107. In 1997 the teams involved resolved the dispute and adopted the current name "rutherfordium". The name "dubnium" was given to element 105 at the same time. Rutherfordium has no stable or naturally occurring isotopes. Several radioactive isotopes have been synthesized in the laboratory, either by fusing two atoms or by observing the decay of heavier elements. Sixteen different isotopes have been reported with atomic masses from 253 to 270 (with Document [3](Title: Atomic number) consistent with the modern practice of ordering the elements by proton number, "Z", but that number was not known or suspected at the time. A simple numbering based on periodic table position was never entirely satisfactory, however. Besides the case of iodine and tellurium, later several other pairs of elements (such as argon and potassium, cobalt and nickel) were known to have nearly identical or reversed atomic weights, thus requiring their placement in the periodic table to be determined by their chemical properties. However the gradual identification of more and more chemically similar lanthanide elements, whose atomic number was not Document [4](Title: Periodic table) properties characteristic of transition metal chemistry. In this case, only groups 4–11 are regarded as transition metals. Though the group 3 elements show few of the characteristic chemical properties of the transition metals, they do show some of their characteristic physical properties (on account of the presence in each atom of a single d electron). Although all elements up to oganesson have been discovered, of the elements above hassium (element 108), only copernicium (element 112), nihonium (element 113), and flerovium (element 114) have known chemical properties, and only for copernicium is there enough evidence for a conclusive categorisation at present. Document [5](Title: Isotopes of nihonium) Isotopes of nihonium Nihonium (Nh) is a synthetic element. Being synthetic, a standard atomic weight cannot be given and like all artificial elements, it has no stable isotopes. The first isotope to be synthesized was Nh as a decay product of Mc in 2003. The first isotope to be directly synthesized was Nh in 2004. There are 6 known radioisotopes from Nh to Nh, along with the unconfirmed Nh. The longest-lived isotope is Nh with a half-life of 8 seconds. Super-heavy elements such as nihonium are produced by bombarding lighter elements in particle accelerators that induce fusion reactions. Whereas most Document [6](Title: Seaborgium) is one of only two elements named after a living person at the time of naming, the other being oganesson, element 118. Following claims of the observation of elements 104 and 105 in 1970 by Albert Ghiorso et al. at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, a search for element 106 using oxygen-18 projectiles and the previously used californium-249 target was conducted. Several 9.1 MeV alpha decays were reported and are now thought to originate from element 106, though this was not confirmed at the time. In 1972, the HILAC accelerator received equipment upgrades, preventing the team from repeating the experiment, Document [7](Title: Group 10 element) Group 10 element Group 10, numbered by current IUPAC style, is the group of chemical elements in the periodic table that consists of nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized darmstadtium (Ds). All are d-block transition metals. All known isotopes of darmstadtium are radioactive with short half-lives, and are not known to occur in nature; only minute quantities have been synthesized in laboratories. Like other groups, the members of this group show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, although for this group they are particularly weak, with palladium being an exceptional case. Question: how many are the elements of the periodic table Answer:

118

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Ankle) the motion of the subtalar joint provides a significant contribution to positioning the foot, some authors will describe it as the lower ankle joint, and call the talocrural joint the upper ankle joint. Dorsiflexion and Plantar flexion are the movements that take place in the ankle joint. When the foot is plantar flexed, the ankle joint also allows some movements of side to side gliding, rotation, adduction, and abduction. The bony arch formed by the tibial plafond and the two malleoli is referred to as the ankle "mortise" (or talar mortise). The mortise is a rectangular socket. The ankle is Document [1](Title: Fibula) The fibula or calf bone is a leg bone located on the lateral side of the tibia , with which it is connected above and below . It is the smaller of the two bones , and , in proportion to its length , the slenderest of all the long bones . Its upper extremity is small , placed toward the back of the head of the tibia , below the level of the knee joint , and excluded from the formation of this joint . Its lower extremity inclines a little forward , so as to be on a plane anterior to that of the upper end ; it projects below the tibia , and forms the lateral part of the ankle - joint . Document [2](Title: Bird anatomy) femur. At the knee joint, the femur connects to the tibiotarsus (shin) and fibula (side of lower leg). The tarsometatarsus forms the upper part of the foot, digits make up the toes. The leg bones of birds are the heaviest, contributing to a low center of gravity, which aids in flight. A bird's skeleton accounts for only about 5% of its total body weight. They have a greatly elongate tetradiate pelvis, similar to some reptiles. The hind limb has an intra-tarsal joint found also in some reptiles. There is extensive fusion of the trunk vertebrae as well as fusion with Document [3](Title: Human leg) and adjacent fibula, and these are all long bones. The patella (kneecap) is the sesamoid bone in front of the knee. Most of the leg skeleton has bony prominences and margins that can be palpated and some serve as anatomical landmarks that define the extent of the leg. These landmarks are the anterior superior iliac spine, the greater trochanter, the superior margin of the medial condyle of tibia, and the medial malleolus. Notable exceptions to palpation are the hip joint, and the neck and body, or shaft of the femur. Usually, the large joints of the lower limb are aligned Document [4](Title: Second metatarsal bone) the big toe. The narrowed part in the middle is referred to as the body of the bone. The bone is somewhat flattened, giving it two sides: the plantar (towards the sole of the foot) and the dorsal side (the area facing upwards while standing). Its base is broad above, narrow and rough below. It presents four articular surfaces: one behind, of a triangular form, for articulation with the intermediate cuneiform bone; one at the upper part of its medial surface, for articulation with the medial cuneiform; and two on its lateral surface, an upper and lower, separated by a Document [5](Title: Tarsus (skeleton)) The talus bone or ankle bone is connected superiorly to the two bones of the lower leg , the tibia and fibula , to form the ankle joint or talocrural joint ; inferiorly , at the subtalar joint , to the calcaneus or heel bone . Together , the talus and calcaneus form the hindfoot . Document [6](Title: Inferior tibiofibular joint) confused with the superior tibiofibular joint, which is the only synovial tibiofibular joint, and is sometimes simply called the "tibiofibular articulation". Inferior tibiofibular joint The distal tibiofibular joint (tibiofibular syndesmosis) is formed by the rough, convex surface of the medial side of the distal end of the fibula, and a rough concave surface on the lateral side of the tibia. Below, to the extent of about 4 mm, these surfaces are smooth and covered with cartilage, which is continuous with that of the ankle joint. The ligaments are: The inferior transverse ligament of the tibiofibular syndesmosis is included in older Document [7](Title: Tibialis posterior muscle) the medial malleolus and terminates by dividing into plantar, main, and recurrent components. The main portion inserts into the tuberosity of the navicular and the plantar surface of the medial cuneiform. The plantar portion inserts into the bases of the second, third and fourth metatarsals, the intermediate and lateral cuneiforms and the cuboid. The recurrent portion inserts into the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus. As well as being a key muscle and tendon for stabilization, the tibialis posterior also contracts to produce inversion and assists in the plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle. The tibialis posterior has a Question: bone of the tarsus that forms the heel Answer:

calcaneus

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: The World's Billionaires) from these lists. The rankings are published annually in March, so the net worth listed are snapshots taken at that time. These lists only show the top 10 wealthiest billionaires for each year. In the 32nd annual "Forbes" list of the world's billionaires, the aggregate wealth of the top 20 richest people on Earth amounts to about 13 percent of all billionaires' fortunes combined. A record of 2,208 billionaires were in the ranking and the total wealth was $9.1 trillion, up 18% since 2017. For the first time, Jeff Bezos was listed as the top billionaire due to Amazon's rising Document [1](Title: The World's Billionaires) first American to take the top spot of the World's Billionaires in 1995 with a net worth of $12.5 billion and he remained there during the Dot-com bubble's height in 1999 when Gates' fortune peaked at $90 billion. After the dot-com bubble started to collapse in 2000, his wealth dropped to $60 billion although he remained at the top of the list. The dot-com bubble created the most paper wealth for some billionaires. However, once the dotcom bubble burst the new rich saw their fortunes disappear. Billionaires' fortunes were hit even harder by the global financial crisis; 2009 was the Document [2](Title: The World's Billionaires 2015) The World's Billionaires 2015 The World's Billionaires 2015 edition was the 29th annual ranking of The World's Billionaires by "Forbes" magazine. The list estimated the net worth of the world's richest people. The new list was released online on March 2, 2015. As of 2015, Bill Gates had been placed at the top of this list 16 times. Bill Gates was again named the richest person in the world in "Forbes" Magazine's annual list of the world's billionaires. This is the 16th time that the founder of Microsoft has claimed the top spot. Carlos Slim, Mexican business magnate, came in Document [3](Title: Larry Ellison) Larry Ellison Lawrence Joseph Ellison (born August 17, 1944) is an American businessman, entrepreneur, and philanthropist who is co-founder, executive chairman and chief technology officer of Oracle Corporation. As of June 2018, he was listed by "Forbes" magazine as the fifth-wealthiest person in the United States and as the tenth-wealthiest in the world, with a fortune of $54.5 billion. Ellison was born in New York City and grew up in Chicago. He studied at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and the University of Chicago without graduating before moving to California in 1966. While working at Ampex in the early Document [4](Title: The World's Billionaires 2014) Bill Gates , founder of Microsoft , added $9 billion to his fortune since 2013 and topped the 2014 billionaire list . He has topped the list 15 of the previous 20 years , but was last number one in 2009 . Mexican tycoon Carlos Slim came in second place after being number one the previous four years . Zara founder Amancio Ortega placed third for the second consecutive year . American investor Warren Buffett was in the top five for the 20th consecutive year , placing fourth . Oracle founder Larry Ellison rounded out the top five . America 's Christy Walton was the highest ranking female , placing ninth overall . Aliko Dangote of Nigeria became the first African ever to crack the top 25 , with an estimated net worth of $25 billion . 24 - year - old Perenna Kei , daughter of Chinese real estate developer Ji Haipeng , was the youngest person on the list . At age 99 , David Rockefeller was the oldest . Document [5](Title: Forbes 400) the social value of wealth in contemporary America." Daniel K Ludwig, a self made billionaire, was the first #1 individual to make the Forbes 400 "Richest Americans" list. Even though Ludwig was one of the wealthiest men of his day, with operations spanning 23 countries,[1] his name was little known. His fortune did not come from an inheritance, but from hard work and a thinking that was way ahead of his time... Inherited wealth may help explain why many Americans who have become rich may have had a "substantial head start". In September 2012, according to the Institute for Policy Document [6](Title: The World's Billionaires 2015) list with 1,191 positions while just 230 came into their wealth through inheritance. The number of billionaires who inherited a portion but are still working to increase their fortunes is 405. The United States has the largest number of billionaires. The number of Russian billionaires declined the most; being down to 76 billionaires from 111 of 2014. Russia is now placed behind China, Germany and India. Iceland again has a billionaire in the list after a gap of five years with the entry of Thor Bjorgolfsson. Guatemala has a billionaire, Mario Lopez Estrada, for the first time in history. Monarchs Document [7](Title: Vera Songwe) an initiative to bring young Africans together to aid in the continent's economic development. She is a scholar at the Brookings Institution, at its Africa Growth Initiative. "Forbes" listed her in 2013 as one of the "20 Young Power Women in Africa", and the following year the Institut Choiseul for International Politics and Geoeconomics chose her as one of their "African leaders of tomorrow". In 2014, "African Business Review" described her as one of the "Top 10 Female Business Leaders in Africa. In 2015 she collaborated with the newly founded Tony Elumelu Entrepreneurship Programme, which pledged $100 million for African Question: who has topped the 28th annual world billionaires list of forbes released on 3rd march 2014 Answer:

Bill Gates

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: The Prayer (Celine Dion and Andrea Bocelli song)) The Prayer (Celine Dion and Andrea Bocelli song) "The Prayer" is a popular song written by David Foster, Carole Bayer Sager, Alberto Testa and Tony Renis. The song was originally recorded in two solo versions for the 1998 film "Quest for Camelot", in English by Canadian singer Celine Dion and in Italian by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli. A duet between Dion and Bocelli later appeared on their respective studio albums, "These Are Special Times" (1998) and "Sogno" (1999), and was released as an airplay single on 1 March 1999. The song won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song Document [1](Title: The Prayer (Celine Dion and Andrea Bocelli song)) performed "The Prayer" at numerous concerts as well as the Carols by Candlelight in Melbourne. In 2006, he performed the song in front of Queen Elizabeth at a Commonwealth Day Service He also performed it as a duet with Tina Arena on her Symphony of Life CD/DVD, released in 2012. "The Prayer" was released as a two-track CD single The video includes excerpts of Callea recording the song and was released in 2004. The Prayer (Celine Dion and Andrea Bocelli song) "The Prayer" is a popular song written by David Foster, Carole Bayer Sager, Alberto Testa and Tony Renis. The Document [2](Title: Carole Bayer Sager) movie "Arthur". Bayer Sager received the Grammy Award for Song of the Year in 1987 for the song "That's What Friends Are For", which she co-wrote with Bacharach. This song was originally written for the movie "Night Shift" (1982), and it was recorded for this movie by Rod Stewart. This song was popularized in a 1986 cover version by Dionne Warwick, Stevie Wonder, Gladys Knight, and Elton John. Her song with David Foster, "The Prayer", originally recorded by Celine Dion and Andrea Bocelli, won the Golden Globe, and is one of few songs to be sung at weddings and funerals Document [3](Title: Pray/XXX) the Oricon Singles Charts, becoming their highest charting single. The single was a double a-side, with both "Pray" and "XXX" containing music videos. "Pray" was written by the members and sisters of Soulhead, Yoshika and Tsugumi, with production being done by Octopussy. The song contained many R&B elements, mixing in elements of pop and rap. Being the main focus of the single, the outfits they wore in the music video were the same outfits they donned on the single's cover.. "XXX" was also written by Yoshika and Tsugumi, with Octopussy producing the song. The track featured singer-songwriter Kumi Koda, who Document [4](Title: Amore (Andrea Bocelli album)) Amore (Andrea Bocelli album) Amore is the eleventh studio album by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, released on 31 January 2006, for the Valentine's Day season. This album features a remake of Elvis Presley's "Can't Help Falling in Love"; "Because We Believe", the closing song of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, which Bocelli wrote and performed; "Somos Novios (It's Impossible), a duet with American pop singer Christina Aguilera; and his first recording of Bésame Mucho, which eventually became one of his signature songs. "Amore" was released internationally beginning on 28 February 2006. A Spanish version of the album was Document [5](Title: Prayers (In This Moment song)) Prayers (In This Moment song) "Prayers" is a song by American metal band In This Moment. It is the first single released from their debut studio album, "Beautiful Tragedy" by Century Media Records. A promotional EP was released featuring another track from the album, "Daddy's Falling Angel" and an unreleased B-Side, "Have No Fear". A music video was released featuring the band playing at a chapel. During the video shoot, lead vocalist Maria Brink broke her nose. She tells MTV News, "I literally got my head split open during the shoot. I have a big scar across my face. The Document [6](Title: Anima Christi) Anima Christi The "Anima Christi" (Latin for ‘Soul of Christ’) is a Catholic prayer to Jesus of medieval origin. The sequence of sentences in the Anima Christi have rich associations with Catholic concepts that relate to the Eucharist (Body and Blood of Christ), Baptism (water) and the Passion of Jesus (Holy Wounds). Jean-Baptiste Lully composed a motet called Anima Christi, and musicians such as Giovanni Valentini have performed it. Marco Frisina, an Italian Catholic priest, also composed a musical setting of the prayer, included in his 2000 album "Pane di vita nuova". As it was once mistakenly attributed to St. Document [7](Title: The Prayer (Celine Dion and Andrea Bocelli song)) '' The Prayer '' is a popular song written by David Foster , Carole Bayer Sager , Alberto Testa and Tony Renis . It is most commonly known as a duet between Canadian singer Celine Dion and Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli . It is from Quest for Camelot : Music from the Motion Picture , the second single from Dion 's Christmas album These Are Special Times and the first from Bocelli 's album Sogno and was released as a promotional single on 1 March 1999 . The song won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1999 and a Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals in 2000 . Question: where does the song the prayer come from Answer:

Bocelli 's album Sogno

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Colm Meaney) Damned United" was released, a mostly fictional retelling of the 44-day period in which Brian Clough was manager of Leeds United. Meaney played the former Leeds manager Don Revie. He also co-starred in "Soldiers of Fortune" with Christian Slater and Ving Rhames. In 2013, Meaney co-starred with Steve Coogan in "". In 2014, he appeared as The Horse in the BBC's three-part crime story, "The Driver". For five seasons he portrayed railroad magnate Thomas Durant on AMC's drama series "Hell on Wheels". Meaney married Irish actress Bairbre Dowling in 1977, with whom he had a daughter, Brenda, in 1984. The Document [1](Title: Hell on Wheels (TV series)) was given 60% on Metacritic, indicating "mixed or average" reviews. The "Washington Post" Hank Stuever rated the show highly, commenting, "Hands down, the most intriguing show on the fall slate. Though imbued with epic sweep, "Hell on Wheels" is a western at heart, even if that heart is cold. Plenty of guns, knives, arrows, scalpings – mixed with the incendiary socio-psychological wounds left in the Civil War’s wake." Robert Lloyd of the "Los Angeles Times" says the show "...takes its cues more from the movies than from life. Never, in the episodes I watched, did I feel as if I Document [2](Title: Christopher Heyerdahl) Christopher Heyerdahl ( born September 18 , 1963 ) is a Canadian actor , best known for portraying the '' Swede '' in Hell on Wheels . Document [3](Title: Pride, Pomp and Circumstance) Pride, Pomp and Circumstance "Pride, Pomp and Circumstance" is the sixth episode of the first season of the American television drama series "Hell on Wheels"; it aired December 11, 2011 on AMC, and was written by Bruce Romans and directed by Michael Slovis. The episode title is a quote from Act III, Scene III of William Shakespeare's play "Othello". In the episode, Senator Jordan Crane (James D. Hopkin) arrives in town for an arranged peace talk with the Cheyenne and to discuss the Union Pacific Railroad's future with Thomas Durant (Colm Meaney). Cullen Bohannon (Anson Mount) is put in charge Document [4](Title: Peter Helliar) weaknesses. The character of Strauchanie has made several subsequent appearances across different media. In the 2009 'EJ Whitten Legends' football match, Helliar broke his ankle late in the game after being tackled. He suggested that this could be the end of his career. Helliar is married to Bridget "Brij" Helliar and they have three sons. In 2013, Peter and Bridget, together with their three young sons, backpacked around Eastern Europe. Peter summed up the experience by saying "Backpacking with your kids is tough work but hugely rewarding for everyone. Just like parenting, really." Helliar lives in Melbourne, Victoria, in the Document [5](Title: Hellraiser: Hellseeker) who he truly was. It seems that she has pinned all of the murders on Trevor and shot Trevor through the head while he was driving, leading him to crash the car into the river and making his death appear as a suicide. The film ends with Kirsty walking away from the car crash scene with the Lament Configuration in her hand. The film has a 0% approval rating at review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes. Richard Scheib of "Moria" called the movie "quite an oddity". He stated that ""Hellseeker" would have worked much more effectively if it were not a Document [6](Title: Hell (2011 film)) Hell (2011 film) Hell is a 2011 German-Swiss post-apocalyptic film directed by Tim Fehlbaum in his directorial debut.The German-language screenplay was written by Fehlbaum, Oliver Kahl and Thomas Woebke. The experienced director Roland Emmerich, known for films such as "Independence Day" and "2012", acted as executive producer, with Gabriele Walther and Wöbke acting as producers. The film is about a young woman named Marie (Hannah Herzsprung), her boyfriend Phillip (Lars Eidinger) and her younger sister Leonie (Lisa Vicari) who are driving through the blighted wasteland of Germany after a climate crisis has destroyed society. Parched by thirst, the trio scavenge Document [7](Title: Meridian, Mississippi) Hood, University of Georgia basketball coach Joni Taylor and NFL players Cordera Eason, Austin Davis and Alejandro Villanueva. Other notable natives of the city include: In "", Joan Didion recounts that she met a man while visiting Meridian in the 1970s who told her, "The KKK which used to be a major factor in this community isn't a factor anymore, both the membership and the influence have diminished, and I cannot think of any place where the black is denied entrance, with the possible exception of private clubs." Cullen Bohannon, the protagonist of the AMC series "Hell on Wheels", hails Question: who played the swede on hell on wheels Answer:

Christopher Heyerdahl

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Malwa Sultanate) stands on the southern edge of the plateau and as its situation and form indicate, was, in all probability, designed for military purposes. Malwa Sultanate The Malwa Sultanate was a late medieval kingdom presumably of Turkic origin, in the Malwa region of the present day Madhya Pradesh state in India in 1392–1562. The sultanate of Malwa was founded by Dilawar Khan Ghuri, the governor of Malwa for the Delhi Sultanate, who asserted his independence in 1392, but did not actually assume the ensigns of royalty till 1401. Initially Dhar was the capital of the new kingdom, but soon it was Document [1](Title: Basti Maluk) erroneously about 100 miles away in north western direction of its actual position. Basti Maluk Basti Maluk () is town of Multan District, Punjab, Pakistan. Basti Maluk and its localities and subtowns comprise a population of around 20,000. It is located at and an altitude of 119 metres. Basti Maluk is a town situated 35 km in south of Multan. In east duniya pur is located and in west there is Shuja Abad. which is famous for mangoes all over the world. In its south there is another little population named as Makhdoom Aali. This place is famous for Halwa Document [2](Title: Malwa (Punjab)) Malwa is the region of Punjab south of the Satluj river . Document [3](Title: Punjab, Pakistan) and Sutlej rivers which traverse Punjab north to south – the fifth of the "five waters" of Punjab, the Beas River, lies exclusively in the Indian state of Punjab. The landscape is amongst the most heavily irrigated on earth and canals can be found throughout the province. Punjab also includes several mountainous regions, including the Sulaiman Mountains in the southwest part of the province, the Margalla Hills in the north near Islamabad, and the Salt Range which divides the most northerly portion of Punjab, the Pothohar Plateau, from the rest of the province. Sparse deserts can be found in southern Document [4](Title: Langha (tribe)) Punjab in the early Middle Ages. The Langah a Muslim tribe and is settled Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, district Lasbela ( Uthal, Windar, Hub, Bela) in Pakistan. Abdul Ghaffar Langah is a General Councillor of municipal committee Uthal district lasbela. He is a first general councilor in Langah tribe in lasbela district ...he is also a journalist and educated person...his Father Abdul Sattar Langah was teacher and his uncle Fazal Mehmood was a good and Senior journalist in district lasbela balochistan.. in the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in India. They are related to the Langah clan of southern Punjab province. Document [5](Title: Malot) the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while the Muslims refugees from India settled down in the Chakwal District. Malot Fort located at 32°41'18.4"N 72°48'01.6"E. was built in the 10th century AD and has the synthesis of Kashmiri and Greek architecture. Malot Fort built of local red sand stones of Salt Range mountains, are located on the road leading to Malot village near Choi village. According to archives Malot was built around 980 AD. Gen Cunningham found the Malot Malot Malot is a village of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. Document [6](Title: Malviya Bridge) Bridge was Frederick Thomas Granville Walton, who went on to become the Engineer in Chief of the Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway company. The bridge was renamed as the Malviya Bridge in 1948 after Madan Mohan Malaviya. As the bridge is near Rajghat, it is also locally known as Rajghat bridge. Malviya Bridge is between Kashi, Varanasi and Mughal Sarai stations. In Rudyard Kipling's story "The Bridge Builders", the bridge is given the name Kashi Bridge, after the nearby city also known as Varanasi. Dufferin Bridge's opening ceremony was delayed because of floods; the Kashi bridge in the story also faces Document [7](Title: Mirpur, Pakistan) Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to missionary Sufi saints whose dargahs dot its landscape The area that is now Mirpur has been historically associated with Pothohar. Though modern demarcation of Potohar devised by British excludes Mirpur by using Jhelum river as the eastern boundary. By the end of the 18th century, Gakhar power in Pothohar had declined. Mirpur had become part of Chibb ruled the state of Khari Khariyali with capital at Mangla Fort. With the rise of Sikh power in Punjab, Maharaja Ranjit Singh established his supremacy and Question: malwa majha and baba regions are all part of which state Answer:

Punjab

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Canterbury, New Zealand) Canterbury, New Zealand Canterbury () is a region of New Zealand, located in the central-eastern South Island. The region covers an area of , and is home to a population of The region in its current form was established in 1989 during nationwide local government reforms. The Kaikoura District joined the region in 1992 following the abolition of the Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council. Christchurch, the South Island's largest city and the country's third-largest urban area, is the seat of the region and home to percent of the region's population. Other major towns and cities include Timaru, Ashburton, Rangiora and Rolleston. In Document [1](Title: North Shore, New Zealand) North Shore, New Zealand The North Shore is part of the urban area of Auckland, New Zealand, located to the north of the Waitematā Harbour. The North Shore was formerly North Shore City, a distinct territorial authority district, which was governed by the North Shore City Council from 1989 until 2010, when it was incorporated into Auckland Council. The city had an estimated population of 229,000 at 30 June 2010, making it the fourth most populous city in New Zealand prior to the November 2010 reorganisation. The former city was also the country's fourth largest city in land, with an Document [2](Title: Wellington Region) refers to the cluster of built-up areas west of the Tararua ranges. The much more sparsely populated area to the east has its own name, Wairarapa, and a centre in Masterton. To a lesser extent, the Kapiti Coast is sometimes excluded from the region. Otaki in particular has strong connections to the Horowhenua District to the north. Former Wellington City mayor Celia Wade-Brown is not in favour of the region adopting a 'super city' type council like the one in Auckland, though is in favour of reducing the number of councils from nine to "three or four". The Māori who Document [3](Title: Whanganui) was acceptable, Crown agencies would use the "Whanganui" spelling. On 17 November 2015, Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) announced that Wanganui District would be renamed to Whanganui District. This changed the official name of the District Council, and, because Whanganui is not a city but a district, the official name of the urban area as well. Whanganui is located on the South Taranaki Bight, close to the mouth of the Whanganui River. It is 200 kilometres north of Wellington and 75 kilometres northwest of Palmerston North, at the junction of State Highways 3 and 4. Most of the city lies Document [4](Title: North Island robin) the upperparts. They are sexually dimorphic, with males having darker plumage than the females and being slightly larger. The North Island robin is distributed mostly in the centre of North Island, with small relict populations in the north and south in Moturua Island in the Bay of Islands, Little Barrier Island and Kapiti Island. Populations have been reestablished in Zealandia sanctuary in Wellington and Moehau in the Coromandel Peninsula. A remnant population is also re-establishing itself in the Ohope Scenic Reserve near Whakatane; 40 birds were translocated to the reserve from Mokoia Island to assist the population there. Their natural Document [5](Title: Far North District) last 10 years the district's population has defied national (and worldwide) trends by becoming increasingly rural. The largest town is Kerikeri with a population of 6507, followed by Kaitaia with 4887, and Kaikohe, the seat of the District Council, with 3915. The Far North District Council was formed through the amalgamation of the former Counties of Mangonui, Hokianga, Whangaroa and Bay of Islands and the Boroughs of Kaitaia and Kaikohe. The district has three wards: Far North District The Far North District of New Zealand, as its name suggests, is the northernmost district within New Zealand, consisting of the northern Document [6](Title: North Island) Twelve main urban areas ( half of them officially cities ) are in the North Island . From north to south , they are Whangarei , Auckland , Hamilton , Tauranga , Rotorua , Gisborne , New Plymouth , Napier , Hastings , Whanganui , Palmerston North , and Wellington , the capital , located at the south - west extremity of the island . About 77 % of New Zealand 's population lives in the North Island . Document [7](Title: Grenada North) Grenada North Grenada North is a small suburb in northern Wellington, New Zealand. It is 5 km south of Porirua's city centre, and 13 km north of Wellington's city centre. As of 2006, it has 336 people in 105 occupied dwellings. Its western boundary is formed by State Highway 1 (SH 1N) and Takapu Road. The suburb itself was named after Grenada in the Caribbean, and most streets are named after Caribbean islands. The Caribbean Avenue Reserve can be accessed from Caribbean Drive. The suburb was developed by Glendene Developments Ltd in the 1970s so was originally called Glendene, and Question: what is the capital of new zealands north island Answer:

Wellington

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: 11th New York Infantry) received attaching the regiment to Orlando B. Willcox's brigade, of Samuel P. Heintzelman's division, in Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell's Army of Northeast Virginia. They were to march out the next morning. From July 16 to 21, the regiment advanced to intercept Brig. Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard's Confederate Army of the Potomac. Three of McDowell's five divisions advanced towards Bull Run, outside the railroad junction at Manassas, Virginia. The 11th New York expected to first engage Confederates at Fairfax Court House on July 17, only to find that they had pulled back towards Centreville, leaving Quaker Guns in their place. Document [1](Title: Alexander Shaler) brigade was on the army's right flank in the Battle of the Wilderness on May 6, 1864. At first, it was in a "refused" position facing north, thus protecting the rest of the corps. Then it was drawn into the main line of battle, supporting its fight with LG Richard S. Ewell's corps. As a result, Shaler's brigade was flanked by Confederate troops led by Brigadier General John Brown Gordon that had swung northward to attack the Union right flank. Shaler and Brigadier General Truman Seymour were among the Union soldiers captured in his foray. Shaler was trying to rally Document [2](Title: 10th Connecticut Infantry Regiment) was a march toward Richmond to encircle the Confederate capital. In their path stood Fort Darling, a strong defensive position on the James River, near Drewry’s Bluff and just south of Richmond. The assault on Fort Darling did not succeed. However, the Tenth fought bravely, mainly in rearguard action, protecting other Union regiments. Despite this setback, Union troops continued on toward Richmond. In early October, the advancing Union army was suddenly counterattacked by Confederate cavalry and infantry units. The Tenth fended off the attack despite fighting with an exposed flank, as an adjacent New York regiment turned and ran when Document [3](Title: Philip St. George Cocke) Lt. Col. A. S. Taylor on May 5, despite Cocke's orders "not to abandon it without fighting, even against overwhelming numbers." Under Lee's orders, Cocke organized a new defensive line at Manassas. Cocke may have been the first to formulate the Confederate defensive strategy of concentrating forces at Manassas and at Winchester in the Shenandoah Valley, and using the Manassas Gap Railroad to allow them to be mutually supporting. This strategy would be a decisive factor in the Confederate victory in the First Battle of Bull Run. When Virginia's state forces were consolidated with the Provisional Army of the Confederate Document [4](Title: Militia (United States)) there existed an uneven quality, and none had anything resembling combat training. The typical militia drilling at the time amounted to, at best, parade-ground marching. The militia units, from local communities, had never drilled together as a larger regiment. Thereby lacking in the extremely important skill, critically necessary for the war style of the time, to maneuver from a marching line into a fighting line. Yet, both sides were equally unready, and rushed to prepare. The most important: Following the Confederate taking of Fort Sumter, which marked the beginning of the Civil War, President Lincoln called up 75,000 States' militiamen Document [5](Title: First Battle of Bull Run) Just months after the start of the war at Fort Sumter , the Northern public clamored for a march against the Confederate capital of Richmond , Virginia , which was expected to bring an early end to the rebellion . Yielding to political pressure , Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell led his unseasoned Union Army across Bull Run against the equally inexperienced Confederate Army of Brig. Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard camped near Manassas Junction . McDowell 's ambitious plan for a surprise flank attack on the Confederate left was poorly executed by his officers and men ; nevertheless , the Confederates , who had been planning to attack the Union left flank , found themselves at an initial disadvantage . Document [6](Title: First Battle of Bull Run) previous position. The Confederate delaying action on Matthews Hill included a spoiling attack launched by Major Roberdeau Wheat's 1st Louisiana Special Battalion, "Wheat's Tigers". After Wheat's command was thrown back, and Wheat seriously wounded, Evans received reinforcement from two other brigades under Brig. Gen. Barnard Bee and Col. Francis S. Bartow, bringing the force on the flank to 2,800 men. They successfully slowed Hunter's lead brigade (Brig. Gen. Ambrose Burnside) in its attempts to ford Bull Run and advance across Young's Branch, at the northern end of Henry House Hill. One of Tyler's brigade commanders, Col. William Tecumseh Sherman, crossed Document [7](Title: 1st Maryland Infantry, CSA) to return to Union-occupied Maryland, went on to join a new regiment, the 2nd Maryland Infantry, CSA, which was formed in its place. After the bombardment of Fort Sumter on April 12–14, 1861, President Lincoln called for the states to send troops to preserve the Union. On April 19, Southern sympathizers in Baltimore attacked Union troops passing through by rail, causing what were arguably the first casualties of the Civil War. Major General George H. Steuart, commander of the Maryland State Militia, and most of his senior officers were strongly sympathetic to the Confederacy. He ordered the militia to turn Question: who was the union general in the first battle of bull run Answer:

Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Apollo 11) Apollo 11 Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two people on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and Lunar Module Pilot Buzz Aldrin, both American, landed the lunar module "Eagle" on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC. Armstrong became the first person to step onto the lunar surface six hours after landing on July 21 at 02:56:15 UTC; Aldrin joined him about 20 minutes later. They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft, and collected of lunar material to bring back to Earth. Command Module Pilot Michael Collins piloted the command module "Columbia" alone Document [1](Title: Thomas O. Paine) Administrator on March 5, 1969, and confirmed by the Senate on March 20, 1969. Dr. Paine was recruited to succeed Mr. Webb by President Lyndon Johnson. He was tasked with the responsibility of getting the Apollo program back on track in the wake of the Apollo 1 disaster, and fulfilling President Kennedy's goal "before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth." During his administration at NASA, the first seven Apollo manned missions were flown, highlighted by the first ever manned lunar landing by Apollo 11. In all, 20 astronauts Document [2](Title: Buzz Aldrin) from the Psalms comes to mind to me. 'When I consider the heavens, the work of thy fingers, the moon and the stars which thou hast ordained, what is man that thou art mindful of him?'". Preparations for the EVA began at 23:43. Once Armstrong and Aldrin were ready to go outside, "Eagle" was depressurized, and the hatch was opened at 02:39:33 on 21 July. Aldrin set foot on the Moon at 03:15:16 on July 21, 1969 (UTC), nine minutes after Armstrong first touched the surface. Armstrong and Aldrin became the first and second people, respectively, to walk on the Document [3](Title: Apollo 1) “This is way, way, way long overdue. But we’re excited about it,” said Scott Grissom, Gus Grissom's older son. Notes Citations Apollo 1 Apollo 1, initially designated AS-204, was the first manned mission of the United States Apollo program, the program to land the first men on the Moon. Planned as the first low Earth orbital test of the Apollo command and service module with a crew, to launch on February 21, 1967, the mission never flew; a cabin fire during a launch rehearsal test at Cape Kennedy Air Force Station Launch Complex 34 on January 27 killed all three Document [4](Title: Essex-class aircraft carrier) first unmanned flight of a production Apollo Command and Service Module. AS-202, another sub-orbital test flight of the command module, was recovered in August by "Hornet"; the command module from that flight is currently on display aboard "Hornet". "Bennington" recovered the command module of Apollo 4, the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V launch vehicle, on 9 November 1967. Eleven months later, "Essex" recovered the astronauts of Apollo 7, the first manned mission in the Apollo program, after eleven days in orbit. "Yorktown" recovered the astronauts of Apollo 8, after their historic flight around the Moon in December 1968; Document [5](Title: Apollo 12) altitude to take higher resolution photographs. Portions of the Apollo 12 mission are dramatized in the miniseries "From the Earth to the Moon" episode entitled "That's All There Is". Conrad, Gordon, and Bean were portrayed by Paul McCrane, Tom Verica, and Dave Foley, respectively. Conrad had been portrayed by a different actor, Peter Scolari, in the first episode. NASA reports Multimedia Apollo 12 Apollo 12 was the sixth manned flight in the United States Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. It was launched on November 14, 1969, from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, four months after Document [6](Title: Apollo 14) lunar landing on February 5 in the Fra Mauro formation – originally the target of the aborted Apollo 13 mission. During the two lunar EVAs, of Moon rocks were collected, and several scientific experiments were performed. Shepard hit two golf balls on the lunar surface with a makeshift club he had brought with him. Shepard and Mitchell spent 33 hours on the Moon, with almost 9 hours of EVA. In the aftermath of Apollo 13, several modifications had been made to the service module electrical power system to prevent a repeat of that accident, including a redesign of the oxygen Document [7](Title: Apollo 11) Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the Moon . Mission commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Buzz Aldrin , both American , landed the lunar module Eagle on July 20 , 1969 , at 20 : 18 UTC . Armstrong became the first human to step onto the lunar surface six hours after landing on July 21 at 02 : 56 : 15 UTC ; Aldrin joined him about 20 minutes later . They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft , and collected 47.5 pounds ( 21.5 kg ) of lunar material to bring back to Earth . Michael Collins piloted the command module Columbia alone in lunar orbit while they were on the Moon 's surface . Armstrong and Aldrin spent just under a day on the lunar surface before rejoining Columbia in lunar orbit . Question: who was the first to step on moon Answer:

Neil Armstrong

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: The Alliance (The Office)) The Alliance (The Office) "The Alliance" is the fourth episode of the first season of the American comedy television series "The Office". The episode aired on NBC in the United States on April 12, 2005. It was written by Michael Schur and directed by Bryan Gordon, marking their first credits for the show. In this episode, paranoia takes over the members of the office as downsizing rumors swirl. Dwight Schrute (Rainn Wilson) forms a "Survivor"-esque alliance with Jim Halpert (John Krasinski) against the other employees—later adding Pam Beesly (Jenna Fischer) also. Meanwhile, Michael Scott (Steve Carell) arranges a morale-boosting birthday Document [1](Title: Conflict Resolution (The Office)) he, albeit poorly, Photoshops one himself. During the procedure, Jim admits to Pam that he had registered the complaint about her wedding planning, and Pam looks shocked. The next day, Jim secretly sees Vice President Jan Levinson (Melora Hardin) for an interview about a transfer. "Conflict Resolution" was the fifth episode of the series written by Greg Daniels, who is also the executive producer and show runner for "The Office". The episode was the third of the series directed by Charles McDougall; he had previously directed the earlier season two episodes "Christmas Party" and "Dwight's Speech". The episode features Angela Document [2](Title: The Fire (The Office)) The Fire (The Office) "The Fire" is the fourth episode of the second season of the American comedy television series "The Office", and the show's tenth episode overall. Written by B. J. Novak and directed by Ken Kwapis, the episode first aired in the United States on October 11, 2005 on NBC. The episode features Amy Adams as Jim's girlfriend, Katy. The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company. In the episode, Michael Scott (Steve Carell) takes it upon himself to teach Ryan Howard (B. J. Novak) Document [3](Title: Lice (The Office)) Lice (The Office) "Lice" is the tenth episode of the ninth season of the American comedy television series "The Office" and the 186th episode overall. The episode was written by Niki Schwartz-Wright and directed by Rodman Flender. It originally aired on NBC on January 10, 2013. The episode guest stars Julius "Dr. J" Erving as himself. The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company. In this episode, Pam Halpert (Jenna Fischer) accidentally brings lice into the office but lets Meredith Palmer (Kate Flannery) take the fall, while Document [4](Title: Test the Store) Office" all season." Jeffrey Hyatt from Screen Crave gave the episode a review of seven out of ten, noting that ""The Office" continues to get the comedy boost it needs from the Florida storyline." Hyatt called the scene featuring Dwight and Jim imitating Kelly and Ryan's mom as "one of my favorite moments of the season so far." Despite this, he did call the episode "uneven," noting that the Scranton story-line was "ho-hum." Dan Forcella from TV Fanatic awarded the episode four out of five stars and praised Jim's presentation, writing, "Between Jim's outfit and makeup, the fact that he Document [5](Title: The Office (U.S. season 6)) season mainly faced criticism for a lack of stakes for the characters. Some critics have also criticized the conclusion to the Jim and Pam romance while others were critical of the lack of growth for Michael. Cindy White of IGN gave the season a 7.5 saying it was "Good" and "We did get some funny moments and some good episodes in Season 6, but as a whole it just doesn't compare to the strength of seasons past." She also went on to criticize the storylines including Jim's stint as co-manager. Will Leitch of "New York" said ""The Office"'s season six Document [6](Title: Pam's Replacement) '' Pam 's Replacement '' The Office episode Episode no . Season 8 Episode 7 Directed by Matt Sohn Written by Allison Silverman Production code 807 Original air date November 10 , 2011 Guest appearance ( s ) Lindsey Broad as Cathy Simms Ameenah Kaplan as Val Steve Moore as The Drummer Episode chronology ← Previous '' Doomsday '' Next → '' Gettysburg '' List of The Office ( U.S. ) episodes Document [7](Title: The Office (U.S. season 4)) is a temporary worker, but is promoted to sales representative in the third season and later ascends to the position of Vice President, North East Region and Director of New Media. The show includes many supporting characters playing roles of office workers. Angela Martin, Oscar Martinez, and Kevin Malone are the office's accountants, and are portrayed by Angela Kinsey, Oscar Nunez, and Brian Baumgartner, respectively. Schrute, Halpert, Phyllis Lapin-Vance (portrayed by Phyllis Smith), Stanley Hudson (portrayed by Leslie David Baker), and Andy Bernard (portrayed by Ed Helms) compose the sales division of Dunder Mifflin Scranton. Kate Flannery portrays Meredith Palmer, Question: the office season 8 episode 7 guest stars Answer:

Steve Moore

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Pat Walshe) Pat Walshe Patrick Walshe (July 26, 1900 – December 11, 1991) was an American dwarf character actor and circus performer who specialized portraying animals (animal impersonating). He is best known for playing Nikko, the head of the Winged Monkeys in "The Wizard of Oz". He appeared in only a few films, as most of his work was in theater, vaudeville and circus. Walshe was born as Patrick Walshe, on July 26, 1900, in New York City. Living his early years in Brooklyn, Walshe suffered from a form of restricted growth, and as a result never grew to be taller than Document [1](Title: Scarecrow (Oz)) crows to start eating the corn. The old crow then told the Scarecrow of the importance of brains. The "mindless" Scarecrow joins Dorothy in the hope that The Wizard will give him a brain. They are later joined by the Tin Woodman and the Cowardly Lion. When the group goes to the West, he kills the Witch's crows by twisting their necks. He is taken apart by the Flying Monkeys and his clothes thrown up a tree, but when his clothes are filled with straw he is back again. After Dorothy and her friends have completed their mission to kill Document [2](Title: Scarecrow (Oz)) the Wicked Witch of the West, the Wizard gives the Scarecrow brains (made out of bran, pins and needles – in reality a placebo, as he has been the most intelligent of the travelers all along). Before he leaves Oz in a balloon, the Wizard appoints the Scarecrow to rule the Emerald City in his stead. He accompanies Dorothy and the others to the palace of the Good Witch of the South Glinda, and she uses the Golden Cap to summon the Winged Monkeys, who take the Scarecrow back to the Emerald City. His desire for a brain notably contrasts Document [3](Title: The Wizard of Oz (1942 musical)) his new rocket ship. "The Wizard of Oz" was first turned into a musical extravaganza by L. Frank Baum himself. It was a loose adaptation of Baum's 1900 novel that had no Wicked Witch, Toto, magic slippers or yellow brick road, but had several new characters and subplots. It first played in Chicago in 1902 and was a success on Broadway the following year. It then toured for seven years. Other early stage and film adaptations and versions of the novel followed, including a 1925 film. The 1939 film adaptation of the novel bore a closer resemblance to the novel's Document [4](Title: Summer of the Monkeys (film)) points." Summer of the Monkeys (film) Summer of the Monkeys is a 1998 American/Canadian family adventure-drama film directed by Michael Anderson based on the children's novel "Summer of the Monkeys" by Wilson Rawls. It stars Corey Sevier as Jay Berry Lee and Michael Ontkean and Leslie Hope as Jay Berry's parents. It also stars Katie Stuart, Don Francks, and Wilford Brimley. In the summer of the early 20th century, a group of circus monkeys escape from a circus and end up in the Oklahoma river bottoms, where the main character, Jay Berry Lee lives with his family. Weeks later, 14-year-old Document [5](Title: Winged monkeys) Winged monkeys ( often referred to in adaptations and popular culture as flying monkeys ) are fictional characters created by American author L. Frank Baum in his classic children 's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz ( 1900 ) . The winged monkeys are exactly what the name implies : jungle monkeys with powerful bird - like feathered wings attached to their shoulders which allow them to fly . They are most notable from the famous 1939 musical movie by MGM . Ever since , they have taken their own place in popular culture , regularly referenced in comedic or ironic situations as a source of evil or fear . Document [6](Title: Dick Martin (artist)) and in 2006, they were reissued in a format closer to that of the other Oz books. In addition to books, he designed greeting cards, post cards, and posters. Some time during the 1960s, he designed new opening titles for "His Majesty, the Scarecrow of Oz" in which he incorrectly, according to Michael Patrick Hearn, proclaimed that L. Frank Baum was the director. These title cards appear on all current releases of the film, as the originals do not survive. He was co-author of "The Oz Scrapbook" (1977) and was an active Oz fan, serving as The International Wizard of Document [7](Title: Sky Ape) Sky Ape Sky Ape is the title character of a black-and-white comic book series. He is an ape who wears a jetpack and fights crime. Sky Ape was created by boyhood friends from different neighborhoods in the Boston, Massachusetts area. Phil Amara and Michael Russo were from East Boston, while Tim McCarney was from West Roxbury. They wanted to do a story about a gorilla with a jetpack that would rather do peoples taxes than fight crime. An artist search began, and eventually ended with Oklahoma-native Richard Jenkins. Jenkins has been the artist and co-creator on the series from the Question: what are flying monkeys in wizard of oz called Answer:

Winged monkeys

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: George T. Washington (Liberia)) next year, back in the United States, he graduated from the United States Army Logistic Management College In Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, he graduated from the United States Army Command and General Staff College in 1964. He gained a Master of Arts in Public Administration from Century University, Beverly Hills, California, in 1982, and became a Doctor of Philosophy in Public Administration the year later. At Johns Hopkins University School Advanced International Studies, in 1987, Washington became a Master in International Public Policy. Washington held many titles over his long career. He was Quartermaster General of the Armed Forces of Liberia Document [1](Title: Gilman School) from Daniel Coit Gilman, the first president of The Johns Hopkins University and an early supporter of efforts by Anne Galbraith Carey to form an all-boys day school. Prominent graduates of Gilman include author Walter Lord, sportswriter Frank Deford, former Arizona Governor Fife Symington, former Maryland Governor Bob Ehrlich, former United States Senator Daniel Brewster, Congressman John Sarbanes, and internationally renowned composer Christopher Rouse. Gilman was founded as The Country School for Boys by Baltimore resident Anne Galbraith Carey, with assistance from Daniel Coit Gilman (1831–1908, the first president of Johns Hopkins University, 1876–1908). The school opened its doors on Document [2](Title: List of Presidents of the United States by education) Johns Hopkins University Baltimore , Maryland Woodrow Wilson Document [3](Title: Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies) Eliot Cohen. Its students are selected from a large pool of applicants from all parts of the world. The SAIS Washington D.C. campus is located on Massachusetts Avenue's Embassy Row, just off Dupont Circle and across from the Brookings Institution and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and next to the Center for Global Development and the Peterson Institute. The school has hosted world leaders on a regular basis for public debate in international affairs. The Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) was founded in 1943 by Paul H. Nitze and Christian Herter as a standalone graduate Document [4](Title: American Parliamentary Debate Association) Cruz and Dave Panton<br> 1991 Yale: David Gray and Austan Goolsbee<br> 1990 Wesleyan: Mark Berkowitz and Dan Prieto<br> 1989 Columbia: Andrew Cohen and Rob Kaplan<br> 1988 University of Maryland, Baltimore County: Greg Ealick and Mark Voyce<br> 1987 Swarthmore: Josh Davis and Reid Neureiter<br> 1984 Princeton: Chris Alston and Peter Shearer<br> 1983 Swarthmore: Grant Oliphant and Chris DeMoulin 2018 Yale: Jim Huang and Michael Mao <br> 2017 Swarthmore: Miriam Pierson and William Meyer <br> 2016 Princeton: Bharath Srivatsan and Sinan Ozbay <br> 2015 Harvard: Nathaniel Donahue and Fanele Mashwama <br> 2014 Yale: Michael Barton and Zach Bakal <br> 2013 Harvard: Ben Document [5](Title: Koch–Pasteur rivalry) science and applied science. From 1876 to 1878, the American William Henry Welch trained in Germany pathology, and in 1879 opened America's first scientific laboratory, a pathology laboratory in Bellevue's medical school in New York. While in Germany, Welch had met John Shaw Billings who had been appointed by Daniel Coit Gilman—the first president of the newly forming Johns Hopkins University—to plan Hopkins' hospital and medical school. Named the medical school's first dean in 1883, Welch promptly traveled for training in Koch's bacteriology, and returned to America eager to transform medicine with the "secrets of nature". Hopkins medical school opened Document [6](Title: Johns Hopkins) during Reconstruction, Johns Hopkins' stance on abolitionism infuriated many prominent people in Baltimore. During the American Reconstruction period to his death his abolitionism was expressed in the documents founding the Johns Hopkins Institutions, and reported in newspaper articles before, during, and after the founding of these institutions. Before the war, there was significant written opposition to his support for Myrtilla Miner's founding of a school for African American females (now the University of the District of Columbia). Similarly, opposition (and some support) was expressed during Reconstruction, such as in 1867, the same year he filed papers incorporating the Johns Hopkins Document [7](Title: Jiska Cohen-Mansfield) a Ph.D. degree in clinical psychology from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Later she earned an M.B.A. from George Washington University. In 1987, she was appointed professor at Georgetown University Medical School, Washington DC, where she stayed until 1998 when she moved to George Washington University Medical School, Washington D.C. In 2005, she was appointed professor at Tel Aviv University Medical School. In 1984, Prof. Cohen-Mansfield founded the Research Institute on Aging at the Hebrew Home of Greater Washington, the largest nursing home in Maryland. In 2005, she established the Department of Health Promotion at the Question: who is the only president that has a ph.d Answer:

Woodrow Wilson

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Martin Jol) them in the league since 1990. In the Football League Cup, they were knocked-out in the semi-finals by rivals Arsenal. A 4–0 FA Cup win away to Fulham, however, kick-started a run of form which saw Tottenham take 27 points from their final 12 league games, losing just once. This run saw Spurs surge into fifth place, securing UEFA Cup qualification on the final day of the season, making Jol the first Spurs manager since Keith Burkinshaw to qualify for European football in successive seasons. Tottenham also reached the quarter-finals of the UEFA Cup and the FA Cup, losing to Document [1](Title: Twin Towers (San Antonio Spurs)) continue through the 1999–2000 season as they finished second place in the Midwest Division with a 53-29 record and would earn the #4 seed in the NBA Playoffs. However, Duncan would suffer a season-ending knee injury and as a result, the Spurs lost to the Suns 3-1 in the first round of the playoffs. The following season, the "Twin Towers" would lead the Spurs to an NBA-best record of 58-24 and would earn home court advantage throughout the 2001 NBA Playoffs. The Spurs cruised to the Western Conference Finals with a 3-1 win over the Timberwolves and a 4-1 win Document [2](Title: Tottenham Hotspur F.C.) a UEFA club competition – the European Cup Winners' Cup. They were also the inaugural winners of the UEFA Cup in 1972, becoming the first British club to win two different major European trophies. They have collected at least one major trophy in each of the six decades from the 1950s to 2000s – an achievement only matched by Manchester United. In total, Spurs have won two league titles, eight FA Cups, four League Cups, seven FA Community Shields, one European Cup Winners' Cup and two UEFA Cups. The club has a long-standing rivalry with nearby club Arsenal, with head-to-head Document [3](Title: Tottenham Hotspur F.C.) Spurs was one of the five clubs that pushed for the founding of Premier League , created with the approval of The Football Association as replacement for the Football League First Division as the highest division of English football . Despite a succession of managers and players such as Teddy Sheringham , Jürgen Klinsmann and David Ginola , for a long period in the Premier League until the late 2000s , Spurs finished mid-table most seasons with few trophies won . They won the League Cup in 1999 under George Graham , and in 2008 under Juande Ramos . From the late 2000s onwards , Spurs have finished in the top 6 . Document [4](Title: 1992–93 Tottenham Hotspur F.C. season) 1992–93 Tottenham Hotspur F.C. season During the 1992–93 English football season, Tottenham Hotspur F.C. competed in the inaugural season of the FA Premier League. The 1992-93 season saw Peter Shreeves sacked as head coach and replaced by joint head coaches Doug Livermore and Ray Clemence. Spurs became founders of the new Premier League, created by the Football Association as replacement for the Football League First Division as the highest division of English football. To coincide with the massive changes in English Football, Tottenham made a number of major signings. They paid a club record £2.1million for Nottingham Forest striker Teddy Document [5](Title: Tottenham Hotspur F.C.) Spurs won 2–0 against Leicester City in the final of the 1960–61 FA Cup. It was the first Double of the 20th century, and the first since Aston Villa achieved the feat in 1897. The next year Spurs won their second consecutive FA Cup after beating Burnley in the 1962 FA Cup Final. On 15 May 1963, Tottenham became the first British team to win a European trophy by winning the 1962–63 European Cup Winners' Cup when they beat Atlético Madrid 5–1 in the final. Spurs also became the first British team to win two different European trophies when they Document [6](Title: Big Three (San Antonio Spurs)) winning their final game 115-87, to win their fifth championship in franchise history, and the fourth and final championship during the "Big Three" era. During the 2014–15 NBA season, the Spurs finished with a 55–27 record and earned the number six seed in the Western Conference. In their first-round playoff series against the Los Angeles Clippers, Tim Duncan had 20-plus performances in Games 2, 5, and 7 but the Spurs lost the series to the Clippers in seven games. During the 2015–16 NBA season, which ended up being their last season together, the "Big Three" and the Spurs finished with Document [7](Title: San Antonio Spurs) the playoffs. After falling to the Mavericks in Game 1, the Spurs went on to avenge their 2009 defeat to Dallas by winning the series in six games. The Spurs however, were swept out of the playoffs in the following round by the Phoenix Suns. During the 2010 NBA draft, the Spurs management held the highest draft pick since the Tim Duncan draft a decade earlier. They drafted rookie James Anderson from Oklahoma State at #20. However, Anderson was soon sitting out of the first half of the season due to injuries. In 2010–11, the Spurs finished 61–21 to be Question: when were spurs last top of the premiership Answer:

2008

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Saved by the Bell) Saved by the Bell Saved by the Bell is an American television sitcom that aired on NBC from 1989 to 1993. A reboot of the Disney Channel series "Good Morning, Miss Bliss", the show follows a group of high school friends and their principal. Primarily focusing on lighthearted comedic situations, it occasionally touches on serious social issues, such as drug use, driving under the influence, homelessness, remarriage, death, women's rights, and environmental issues. The series starred Mark-Paul Gosselaar, Dustin Diamond, Lark Voorhies, Dennis Haskins, Tiffani-Amber Thiessen, Elizabeth Berkley, and Mario Lopez. The show spawned two spin-off series: "" (1993–1994), a Document [1](Title: April Richardson) the TV movie "Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style" and her and comedian Paul F. Tompkins talking about "". In October 2017, April and best friend Millie De Chirico started the podcast Sordid Details, where they "get to the heart of matters of least importance," including the black market, fast food favorites, mom clothes, and Huey Lewis. April Richardson April Marie Richardson (born May 1, 1979) is an American stand-up comedian. She was a round table regular on the television show "Chelsea Lately" and a frequent contestant on "@midnight". She is from Atlanta, Georgia. Richardson was born in Savannah, Georgia. Document [2](Title: Kristen Bell) episodes during the run of the series. The casting of Bell, "Heroes" creator Tim Kring explained, "was not easy to pull off", but because of the large ensemble cast of the series and multiple story arcs, "we found a way to jump into a small window in [Bell's] schedule." Bell lent her voice to the CW series "Gossip Girl": she voiced the title character in every episode of the series, appearing in person only for a surprise cameo in the final episode, portraying herself. Shortly after the cancellation of "Veronica Mars" in early 2007, Bell filmed on location in Hawaii Document [3](Title: Nightmare on Grace Street) actresses from the series. After an introduction by Gus while he retrieves ingredients for his hairy turkey sandwiches, Donny stops by the guy's table at The Broken Stool where he annoys them with his sense of humor. Back at the house, Rallo is preparing for his first sleepover at his friend's Walt's house but Cleveland Brown Jr. is disappointed as he isn't allowed to come. At school, Roberta is taking a break from Federline Jones while he takes his SATs prep classes when she catches a glimpse of Edwin Mullins, a new student. Noticing his pale, dark looks and a Document [4](Title: Elizabeth Berkley) Elizabeth Berkley Lauren ( born July 28 , 1972 ) is an American actress . Berkley 's most notable roles were as Jessie Spano in the television series Saved by the Bell , and as Nomi Malone in the 1995 Paul Verhoeven film Showgirls . Document [5](Title: Dustin Diamond) Dustin Diamond Dustin Neil Diamond (born January 7, 1977) is an American actor, musician, director, and stand-up comedian widely known for his role as Samuel "Screech" Powers in the television shows "Saved by the Bell"; "Good Morning, Miss Bliss"; ""; and "". Diamond was born to a Jewish family on January 7, 1977, in San Jose, California. His father taught digital electronics for a computer-processing firm and his mother was a computer operator for Pacific Bell. He attended Zion Lutheran School. Diamond began acting as a child. He became known for playing the nerdy and lovable Samuel "Screech" Powers on Document [6](Title: Aja Naomi King) "Person of Interest", "The Blacklist", and "Deadbeat". She made her feature film debut in the 2011 independent film "Damsels in Distress", as a minor character. Her big break came in 2012, when she was cast as new surgical intern Cassandra Kopelson and the series' primary antagonist, on the CW medical comedy-drama series "Emily Owens, M.D." The series was canceled after a single season in 2013. She later starred in the Amazon Studios comedy pilot "The Onion Presents: The News". In 2013, King co-starred in two independent films. She played Abigayle, the daughter of Wendell Pierce's character, in the independent drama Document [7](Title: Saved by the Bell) of Karen, a love-interest of Zack's on "Good Morning, Miss Bliss", but lost the role because she was so much taller than Gosselaar at the time. Engel believed that, now that her height was more even with the rest of the cast, she could be perfect. They were not having much luck in casting the third new character, Jessie Spano, who was conceived as a strong, feminist activist and a straight-A student, so Engel suggested offering the role to Berkley, who gladly accepted it. Rounding out the new cast was real-life magician Ed Alonzo as Max, the owner of the Question: who played jessie spano on saved by the bell Answer:

Elizabeth Berkley Lauren

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Christianity) as being Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Since that time, Christian theologians have been careful to emphasize that Trinity does not imply that there are three gods (the antitrinitarian heresy of Tritheism), nor that each hypostasis of the Trinity is one-third of an infinite God (partialism), nor that the Son and the Holy Spirit are beings created by and subordinate to the Father (Arianism). Rather, the Trinity is defined as one God in three Persons. "Nontrinitarianism" (or "antitrinitarianism") refers to theology that rejects the doctrine of the Trinity. Various nontrinitarian views, such as adoptionism or modalism, existed in early Christianity, Document [1](Title: Nontrinitarianism) confirm that the three are each co-equal or co-eternal. They also affirm that God is only explicitly identified as "one" in the Bible, and that the Trinity, literally meaning "a set of three", ascribes a co-equal threeness to God that is not explicitly scriptural. Critics of the Trinity doctrine argue that it, for a teaching described as fundamental, lacks direct scriptural support. Proponents of the doctrine assert that although the doctrine is not stated directly in the New Testament, it is instead an interpretation of elements contained therein that imply the doctrine that was later formulated in the 4th century. Document [2](Title: Conceptions of God) of the Good. Mordecai Kaplan believed that God is the sum of all natural processes that allow man to become self-fulfilled. Within Christianity, the doctrine of the Trinity states that God is a single being that exists, simultaneously and eternally, as a perichoresis of three hypostases (i.e. persons; "personae", "prosopa"): the Father (the Source, the Eternal Majesty); the Son (the eternal "Logos" ("Word"), manifest in human form as Jesus and thereafter as Christ); and the Holy Spirit (the Paraclete or advocate). Since the 4th Century AD, in both Eastern and Western Christianity, this doctrine has been stated as "One God Document [3](Title: Summa Theologica) can be asserted from the Father; but these establish definite relations of the persons of the Trinity, one to another. The relations must be conceived as real and not as merely ideal; for, as with creatures relations arise through certain accidents, since in God there is no accident but all is substance, it follows that "the relation really existing in God is the same as the essence according to the thing". From another side, however, the relations as real must be really distinguished one from another. Therefore, three persons are to be affirmed in God. Man stands opposite to God; Document [4](Title: Trinity) The Christian doctrine of the Trinity ( Latin : Trinitas , lit . ' triad ' , from trinus , '' threefold '' ) holds that God is three consubstantial persons or hypostases -- the Father , the Son ( Jesus Christ ) , and the Holy Spirit -- as '' one God in three Divine Persons '' . The three Persons are distinct , yet are one '' substance , essence or nature '' ( homoousios ) . In this context , a '' nature '' is what one is , whereas a '' person '' is who one is . Sometimes differing views are referred to as Nontrinitarian . Document [5](Title: Christian theology) Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit, described as being "of the same substance" (). The true nature of an infinite God, however, is commonly described as beyond definition, and the word 'person' is an imperfect expression of the idea. Some critics contend that because of the adoption of a tripartite conception of deity, Christianity is a form of tritheism or polytheism. This concept dates from Arian teachings which claimed that Jesus, having appeared later in the Bible than his Father, had to be a secondary, lesser, and therefore distinct god. For Jews and Muslims, the idea of Document [6](Title: Oneness Pentecostalism) the movement – "God was manifested as the Father in creation, the Son in redemption, and the Holy Ghost in emanation." Oneness theology sees that when the one and omnipresent God manifests or reveals himself, it is in a "personal" way. Oneness theology sees the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit as one transcendent, personal, omnipresent God manifesting himself in three personal and distinct manifestations or forms to redeem and sanctify sinful and lost humanity, and also that all the fullness of the deity resides fully in the person of Christ (I Timothy 3:16). The Father and the Holy Spirit are Document [7](Title: God the Son) God the Son God the Son () is the second person of the Trinity in Christian theology. The doctrine of the Trinity identifies Jesus as the incarnation of God, united in essence (consubstantial) but distinct in person with regard to God the Father and God the Holy Spirit (the first and third persons of the Trinity). The phrase "God the Son" is not found in the Bible, but is found in later Christian sources. By scribal error the term is in one medieval manuscript, MS No.1985, where Galatians 2:20 has "Son of God" changed to "God the Son". The term Question: what is it called when you say the father the son and the holy spirit Answer:

the Trinity

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Chlorite) The free acid , chlorous acid HClO , is the least stable oxoacid of chlorine and has only been observed as an aqueous solution at low concentrations . Since it can not be concentrated , it is not a commercial product . The alkali metal and alkaline earth metal compounds are all colorless or pale yellow , with sodium chlorite ( NaClO ) being the only commercially important chlorite . Heavy metal chlorites ( Ag , Hg , Tl , Pb , and also Cu and NH + 4 ) are unstable and decompose explosively with heat or shock . Document [1](Title: Chloroformate) large array of metabolites (aminoacids, amines, carboxylic acids, phenols) for analysis by gas chromatography / mass spectrometry. The reactivity of chloroformates and acyl chlorides are similar. Representative reactions are: Typically these reactions would be conducted in the presence of a base which serves to absorb the HCl. Chloroformate Chloroformates are a class of organic compounds with the formula ROC(O)Cl. They are formally esters of chloroformic acid. Most are colorless, volatile liquids that degrade in moist air. A simple example is methyl chloroformate, which is commercially available. Chloroformates are used as reagents in organic chemistry. For example, benzyl chloroformate is used Document [2](Title: Chloryl) be molecular adducts rather than true salts. One notable chloryl compound is dichlorine hexoxide, which exists as an ionic compound more accurately described as "chloryl perchlorate", . It is a red fuming liquid under standard conditions. Chloryl compounds are best prepared by the reaction of with a strong Lewis acid. For example: Other synthesis routes are also possible, including: Metathesis reactions may be carried out with strong Lewis bases. For example, the reaction of the hexafluoroplatinate salt with nitryl fluoride yields the nitronium salt: Chloryl In chemistry, chloryl refers to a triatomic cation with chemical formula . This species has Document [3](Title: Water purification) a toxic gas, there is a danger of a release associated with its use. This problem is avoided by the use of sodium hypochlorite, which is a relatively inexpensive solution used in household bleach that releases free chlorine when dissolved in water. Chlorine solutions can be generated on site by electrolyzing common salt solutions. A solid form, calcium hypochlorite, releases chlorine on contact with water. Handling the solid, however, requires greater routine human contact through opening bags and pouring than the use of gas cylinders or bleach which are more easily automated. The generation of liquid sodium hypochlorite is both Document [4](Title: Phosgene oxime) Phosgene oxime Phosgene oxime, or CX, is an organic compound with the formula ClCNOH. It is a potent chemical weapon, specifically a nettle agent. The compound itself is a colorless solid, but impure samples are often yellowish liquids. It has a strong, disagreeable odor and a violently irritating vapor. Phosgene oxime can be prepared by reduction of chloropicrin: The observation of a transient violet color in the reaction suggests intermediate formation of trichloronitrosomethane (ClCNO). Early preparations, using stannous chloride as the reductant, also started with chloropicrin. The compound is electrophilic and thus sensitive to nucleophiles, including base hydrolysis: Similar processes Document [5](Title: Chromium(II) chloride) the presence of iodoform. Chromium(II) chloride Chromium(II) chloride describes inorganic compounds with the formula CrCl(HO). The anhydrous solid is white when pure, however commercial samples are often grey or green; it is hygroscopic and readily dissolves in water to give bright blue air-sensitive solutions of the tetrahydrate Cr(HO)Cl. Chromium(II) chloride has no commercial uses but is used on a laboratory-scale for the synthesis of other chromium complexes. CrCl is produced by reducing chromium(III) chloride either with hydrogen at 500 °C: or by electrolysis. Small scale preparations can use LiAlH, Zinc or related reagents, to reduce CrCl CrCl can also be Document [6](Title: Copper(II) chlorate) Copper(II) chlorate Copper(II) chlorate is a chemical compound of the transition metal copper and the chlorate anion with basic formula Cu(ClO). Copper chlorate is an oxidiser. It commonly crystallizes with four molecules of water. Copper chlorate can be made by combining a hot one molar solution of copper sulfate, with barium chlorate, which results in the precipitation of barium sulfate. When the solution is filtered, cooled and evaporated under a vacuum blue crystals form. In 1902 A Meusser investigated solubility of copper chlorate. He found that it melted and started decomposing above 73 °C giving off chlorine. Hexaaquacopper(II) chlorate Cu(ClO)•6HO Document [7](Title: Chlorite group) been used as raw material for carving into sculptures and vessels since prehistoric times. Chlorite group The chlorites are a group of phyllosilicate minerals. Chlorites can be described by the following four endmembers based on their chemistry via substitution of the following four elements in the silicate lattice; Mg, Fe, Ni, and Mn. In addition, zinc, lithium, and calcium species are known. The great range in composition results in considerable variation in physical, optical, and X-ray properties. Similarly, the range of chemical composition allows chlorite group minerals to exist over a wide range of temperature and pressure conditions. For this Question: give the name and formula for the acid derived from the following anion chlorite Answer:

chlorous acid

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Linda Wolfe) Linda Wolfe Linda Wolfe is an American journalist, essayist, and fiction writer. She is best known for her award-winning work, "", an investigation of the so-called "rough sex" killer, Robert Chambers. Critic John Leonard called Wolfe a writer of "fierce intelligence". Wolfe is also a distinguished book critic and a founding member of the National Book Critics Circle. Wolfe's "Wasted" was nominated for an Edgar Award and named a "Notable Book of the Year" by "The New York Times". In addition, Wolfe wrote several other books based on true crimes and events, such as "Double Life: The Downfall of Judge Document [1](Title: Meet Nero Wolfe) Ten" (1989): The film's greatest departure from the original story is the creation of Mazie Gray, who can indeed call herself Mrs. Archie Goodwin at the end of "Meet Nero Wolfe". The decidedly un-Wolfean character is played by Dennie Moore, memorable for her performance as Olga the gossipy manicurist in the 1939 film, "The Women". "A most comforting sort of detective for these humid days is Nero Wolfe, a sedentary sleuth given to drinking great quantities of homemade beer in his cool, shade-drawn brownstone and solving murder mysteries therefrom by means of remote control," wrote "The New York Times" (July Document [2](Title: Werewolf fiction) Monster" produced by Fox in 1942, adapted from a werewolf novel of the same name by Jessie Douglas Kerruish, published in 1936. In 1981, two prominent werewolf films, "The Howling" and "An American Werewolf in London", both drew on themes from the Universal series. More recently, the portrayal of werewolves has taken a more sympathetic turn in some circles. With the rise of environmentalism and other back-to-nature ideals, the werewolf has come to be seen as a representation of humanity allied more closely with nature. Author Whitley Strieber previously explored these themes in his novels "The Wolfen" (1978), in which Document [3](Title: Wilhelm Keitel) by a Soviet aircraft attack. Hans was buried in the family plot in Bad Gandersheim. Another son, Major Ernst-Wilhelm Keitel, was captured by the Soviets at the end of World War II. He was released in January 1956, and returned home to Germany. The eldest son, Obersturmbannführer (Lieutenant Colonel) Karl-Heinz Keitel, was wounded in December 1944, but fought until the war ended and died in 1968. Wilhelm Keitel wrote his memoirs in the six weeks before he was hanged; they have been published later in few editions, for example "The Memoirs of Field-Marshal Wilhelm Keitel: Chief of the German High Document [4](Title: Thomas Wolfe) was presented as a television drama, as was "Of Time and the River" in a one-hour version. Wolfe's play Welcome to Our City was performed twice at Harvard during his graduate school years, in Zurich in German during the 1950s, and by the Mint Theater in New York City in 2000 in celebration of Wolfe's 100th birthday.[51] Wolfe's relationship with his editor, Maxwell Perkins was made into a movie titled Genius (2016 film) in 2016 in which Jude Law and Colin Firth played the roles of Wolfe and Perkins respectively. Critical Essays Thomas Wolfe Thomas Clayton Wolfe (October 3, 1900 Document [5](Title: Pulp Fiction) Harvey Keitel as Winston Wolfe : Document [6](Title: Nero Wolfe (1981 TV series)) his rooftop plant rooms, and only reluctantly involving himself in the detection of crime. Famously sedentary, Wolfe relies on his legman Archie Goodwin (Lee Horsley) to collect the clues and the suspects in any case at hand, while he spars with his live-in chef Fritz Brenner (George Voskovec) and bickers with his resident orchid nurse Theodore Horstmann (Robert Coote, in his final role). Often assisted by freelance detective Saul Panzer (George Wyner), Wolfe and Archie customarily gather the suspects in Wolfe's office and present the solution to the exasperated Inspector Cramer (Allan Miller) of Manhattan Homicide. In March 1980, "Nero Document [7](Title: Alan Wolfe) 1963 and a Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Pennsylvania in 1967. He has honorary degrees from Loyola College in Maryland and St. Joseph's University in Philadelphia. Earlier in his career, Wolfe was a member of the collective that put out the Marxist-oriented journal, "Kapitalistate", whose pages featured articles by such writers as Poulantzas, Claus Offe, Ralph Miliband, and Bob Jessop. By the early 1980s, Wolfe's politics had become more centrist. In 2004, one author characterized him as a radical centrist thinker. A contributing editor of "The New Republic", "The Wilson Quarterly", "Commonwealth Magazine", and "In Character", Wolfe Question: who did harvey keitel play in pulp fiction Answer:

Winston Wolfe

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Rock Star (2001 film)) whose actual voice is used.. Ralph Saenz (Steel Panther) also appears briefly, as the singer auditioning ahead of Chris at the studio. Blood Pollution (Chris Cole's former band and a Steel Dragon tribute band) is also made up of known musical artists, including guitarist Nick Catanese (Black Label Society), drummer Blas Elias (Slaughter), and bassist Brian Vander Ark (The Verve Pipe, who also contributed a song to the film's soundtrack). Actor Timothy Olyphant portrays Blood Pollution's guitarist, Rob Malcolm. Bradley, the singer who replaces Chris in Blood Pollution, is played by Third Eye Blind frontman Stephan Jenkins. After "The New Document [1](Title: Cathy Weseluck) try voice acting. Her first voice work was a radio spot for the Vancouver Centre Mall. Weseluck has provided voices for many cartoon and anime series. She has provided the voice of Mirai Yashima in "Mobile Suit Gundam", Dorothy Catalonia and Catherine Bloom in "Gundam Wing", Near in "Death Note", Cybersix in "Cybersix", Shampoo in "Ranma ½", Kagome's mother in "InuYasha", Verne in "U.B.O.S.", Misa Takatsuki in "Project ARMS", and Kid Trunks, Chaotzu, and Puar in "Dragonball Z" (among many others). She also voices and several background characters in the animated children series "". In addition to her voice-over work, Document [2](Title: Teen Titans (season 4)) Melody Fox, Rob Hoegee, Greg Klein, Thomas Pugsley, Simon Racioppa, David Slack, and Amy Wolfram. Producer Murakami worked with Derrick Wyatt, Brianne Drouhard, and Jon Suzuki on character design while Hakjoon Kang served as the background designer for the series. The season employed a number of storyboard artists, including Eric Canete, Colin Heck, Kalvin Lee, Keo Thongkham, Scooter Tidwell, Alan Wan and Matt Youngberg. The five voice actors for the main characters - Scott Menville, Hynden Walch, Greg Cipes, Tara Strong, and Khary Payton, - reprise their roles in the fourth season as Robin, Starfire, Beast Boy, Raven, and Cyborg, Document [3](Title: Cam Clarke) Cam Clarke Cameron Arthur "Cam" Clarke (born November 6, 1957) is an American voice actor and singer, known for his voice work in animation, video games and commercials. He is best known for providing the voices of Leonardo and Rocksteady in the original "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" animated series and Shotaro Kaneda in the 1989 original Streamline Pictures English dub of "Akira". He often voices teenagers and other similarly young characters. One of his prominent roles in video games was voicing Liquid Snake in the "Metal Gear" series. Clarke began his acting career in the show "The Hollywood Palace" as Document [4](Title: Richard Newman (actor)) Richard Newman (actor) Richard Newman (November 2, 1946) is an American-Canadian actor, voice actor and voice director who is notable for his numerous voice roles in "Transformers" cartoons. Newman started his voice-over career in 1990 with "Dragon Warrior". He has also had roles in "Dragon Ball Z", "", "Sherlock Holmes in the 22nd Century", and "Spider-Man Unlimited" as well as "InuYasha", "Oban Star Racers", "MegaMan NT Warrior", and "Bucky O'Hare and the Toad Wars". He is perhaps best known for his portrayals of Rhinox in "" ("Beasties" in Canada) and M. Bison in the "Street Fighter" cartoon series. Newman also Document [5](Title: Ahn Ji-hwan) Ahn Ji-hwan Ahn Ji-hwan (; born July 24, 1969) is a South Korean voice actor, actor and television and radio presenter who joined Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation's Voice Acting Division in 1993 and debuted with his role as Prince Dandarn (known as Prince Omar in South Korea) on the Korean dub of "Time Travel Tondekeman". Since the early 2000s, Ji-hwan has narrated several entertaining shows at Seoul Broadcasting System, including "Animal Farm", "The Music Trend", and "Star King". On June 2012, the voice actor made his stage debut, performing the part of Edna Turnblad in a South Korean musical "Hairspray" based Document [6](Title: Steve Kramer (actor)) 6" and "Dynasty Warriors 7", replacing the late Bob Papenbrook. He is also a voice director and script writer, adapting many anime and video games. Steve Kramer (actor) Steven M. Kramer (born December 24, 1950, in San Juan Capistrano, California) is an American voice actor for many anime titles. He has also done voice acting for various "Power Rangers" series in the past, with the best-known of those roles being the voice of Darkonda in "Power Rangers in Space". His wife, Melora Harte, is a voice actress. Kramer has also been credited as Steve Kraemer, Steven Kramer, Drew Levi Thomas, Document [7](Title: Rock Star (2001 film)) The singing voice for Wahlberg 's character was provided by Steelheart frontman Miljenko Matijevic for the Steel Dragon Songs , the final number was dubbed by Brian Vander Ark . Jeff Scott Soto ( of Talisman , Yngwie Malmsteen , Soul SirkUS , and Journey ) provided the voice of the singer Wahlberg 's character replaces . Kennedy is the only actor whose actual voice is used. . Ralph Saenz ( Steel Panther ) also appears briefly , as the singer auditioning ahead of Chris at the studio . Question: who did the singing in the movie rock star Answer:

Miljenko Matijevic

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: D.A.V. Public School, Chandrasekharpur) awareness in the state from His Excellency Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, the Hon’ble President of India, in 2005 Budh Ram Kaushaliya Devi Memorial Gold Medal Award by DAV College Managing Committee, New Delhi for his outstanding contribution to the field of education in 2006 Rajiv Gandhi Rashtriya Ekta Samman-2006 by All India National Unity Conference in commemoration with the 63rd Birth Anniversary of Late Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, National Award to Teachers 2006 by the hon’ble president of India under the aegis of Ministry of HRD, Govt. of India. He has now been also appointed to the governing Document [1](Title: B. R. Ambedkar) as a scholar for his research in law, economics, and political science. In his early career he was an economist, professor, and lawyer. His later life was marked by his political activities; he became involved in campaigning and negotiations for India's independence, publishing journals, advocating political rights and social freedom for Dalits, and contributing significantly to the establishment of the state of India. In 1956, he converted to Buddhism initiating mass conversions of Dalits. In 1990, the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, was posthumously conferred upon Ambedkar. Ambedkar's legacy includes numerous memorials and depictions in popular culture. Ambedkar was Document [2](Title: Indira Gandhi) despite this, many women saw Gandhi as a symbol for feminism and an image of women's power. After leading India to victory against Pakistan in the Bangladesh liberation war in 1971, Prime Minister (Mrs. Indira Gandhi) recommended & President V. V. Giri awarded Mrs. Gandhi India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna. In 2011, the Bangladesh Freedom Honour (Bangladesh Swadhinata Sammanona), Bangladesh's highest civilian award, was posthumously conferred on Indira Gandhi for her "outstanding contributions" to Bangladesh's Liberation War. Indira Gandhi's main legacy was standing firm in face of American pressure to defeat Pakistan and turn East Pakistan into independent Document [3](Title: Abdul Karim Parekh) had 40 re-prints. He was the founder treasurer of the All India Muslim Personal Law Board (AIMPLB) and is a recipient of the "Pride of India" honour from American Federation of Muslims from India (AFMI). The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 2001, for his contributions to society. He died on 11 September 2007, at the age of 79, survived by four sons and five daughters; his wife had predeceased him. Abdul Karim Parekh Abdul Karim Parekh (1928–2007), popularly known as Maulana, was an Indian social worker and scholar, known for Document [4](Title: Gunturu Seshendra Sarma) on 30 May 2007, he lived with her at her Gyanbagh Palace. Seshendra Sarma is the second person to have been nominated for the Nobel Literature prize for his contribution to literary field from India, the first being Rabindranath Tagore. The West Bengal Government conferred upon him the title "Rashtrendu" (Moon of the Nation) in honour of his accomplishments. Telugu University conferred an honorary D.Litt. on him in 1994. He received the "Kalidas Samman" award from the Madhya Pradhesh government. He won a Central Sahitya Akademi fellowship in 1999. The other important awards Seshendra received are ‘Subrahmanya Bharati Ekta Award’ Document [5](Title: Sarojini Varadappan) the society. This was contrary to the usual practice of requesting the Governor's wife to preside over the society. When contacted, Channa Reddy's wife had declined the request due to her lack of proficiency in Tamil and instead asked Sarojini to preside over the organisation. Sarojini was awarded India's fourth highest civilian award, the Padma Shri in 1973. She was awarded the Jankidevi Bajaj award for 2004 at a function in Chennai held on 23 February 2005. The same year, she received Jamnalal Bajaj Award from the Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation. In 2009, Sarojini was awarded India's third highest civilian award, Document [6](Title: Bharat Ratna) The first recipients of the Bharat Ratna were politician C. Rajagopalachari , philosopher Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan , and scientist C.V. Raman , who were honoured in 1954 . Since then , the award has been bestowed upon 45 individuals , including 12 who were awarded posthumously . The original statutes did not provide for posthumous awards but were amended in January 1955 to permit them . Former Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri became the first individual to be honoured posthumously . In 2014 , cricketer Sachin Tendulkar , then aged 40 , became the youngest recipient ; while social reformer Dhondo Keshav Karve was awarded on his 100th birthday . Though usually conferred on India - born citizens , the Bharat Ratna has been awarded to one naturalised citizen , Mother Teresa , and to two non-Indians , Pakistan national Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and former South African President Nelson Mandela . On 24 December 2014 , the Indian government announced the award to independence activist Madan Mohan Malaviya ( posthumously ) and former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee . Document [7](Title: UNESCO-Madanjeet Singh Prize) connection with the 125th anniversary of the birth of Mohandas Gandhi, UNESCO established a new international award, the UNESCO-Madanjeet Singh Prize for the Promotion of Tolerance and Non-Violence. This prize of US $100,000 is awarded once every two years for exceptional contributions and leadership in the field of tolerance promotion. The winner may be either an individual or an institution. Writers, educators, artists, scientists, statesmen, pioneering institutions and leaders of public opinion - all these and others may be nominated. The prize may also be awarded to the families of outstanding individuals who have lost their lives in the struggle Question: who is the youngest recipient of bharat ratna award Answer:

Sachin Tendulkar

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Central Pacific Railroad) Central Pacific "Railway".) The original right-of-way is now controlled by the Union Pacific, which bought Southern Pacific in 1996. The Union Pacific-Central Pacific (Southern Pacific) mainline followed the historic Overland Route from Omaha, Nebraska to San Francisco Bay. Chinese labor was the most vital source for constructing the railroad. Fifty Chinese laborers were hired by the Central Pacific Railroad in February 1865, and soon more and more Chinese men were hired. Working conditions were harsh, and Chinese men were compensated less than their white counterparts. Chinese men were paid thirty-one dollars each month, and while white workers were paid the Document [1](Title: Western Pacific Railroad (1862–1870)) Western Pacific Railroad (1862–1870) The Western Pacific Railroad was formed in December, 1862, by a group led by Timothy Dame and including Charles McLaughlin and Peter Donahue, all associated with the San Francisco and San Jose Railroad, to build a railroad from San Jose north to Vallejo's Mills (mouth of Niles Canyon, later Niles, now part of Fremont), east through Niles Canyon, north to Dublin/Pleasanton, east through the Livermore Valley, and over Altamont Pass to Stockton, then north to Sacramento, with the plan that the transcontinental railroad would follow the Western Pacific to San Jose and then the San Francisco Document [2](Title: Samuel S. Montague) time of Judah's death in 1863. Samuel S. Montague (often called S. S. Montague) was appointed Chief Engineer of the Central Pacific Railroad in 1863 after the death of Theodore Judah. He was responsible for building the western half of the First Transcontinental Railroad. He was a confidant of Leland Stanford the founder of Stanford University, governor of California and one of the "big four" who directed the Central Pacific Railroad. Samuel was one of Stanford's "inner circle". He was the engineer charged with directing the locating, designing and building the western section of the transcontinental railroad that linked the Document [3](Title: History of Chinese Americans) labor needed to build the majority of the Central Pacific's difficult railroad tracks through the Sierra Nevada mountains and across Nevada. The Chinese population rose from 2,716 in 1851 to 63,000 by 1871. In the decade 1861–70, 64,301 were recorded as arriving, followed by 123,201 in 1871–80 and 61,711 in 1881–90. 77% were located in California, with the rest scattered across the West, the South, and New England. Most came from Southern China looking for a better life; escaping a high rate of poverty left after the Taiping Rebellion. This immigration may have been as high as 90% male as Document [4](Title: Reno station) (in the San Francisco Bay Area).. The previous year, the station served 78,827 passengers, or about 216 per day. A depot has existed at this location since the First Transcontinental Railroad arrived in Reno in 1868. A series of wooden depots, built by the Central Pacific Railroad burned down. The current stucco depot was built by the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1926. The Southern Pacific Depot was also used by the Virginia & Truckee Railroad until 1950, when the railroad ceased operations. The Western Pacific Railroad historically provided service to Reno, but never used this depot – instead using the Document [5](Title: History of rail transport in the United States) heavy use of rolling stock wore them out. In 1864-65 the Confederate railroad network collapsed; little traffic moved in 1865. The Southern states had blocked westward rail expansion before 1860, but after secession the Pacific Railway Acts were passed in 1862, allowing the first transcontinental railroad to be completed in 1869, making possible a six-day trip from New York to San Francisco. Other transcontinentals were built in the South (Southern Pacific, Santa Fe) and along the Canada–US border (Northern Pacific, Great Northern), accelerating the settlement of the West by offering inexpensive farms and ranches on credit, carrying pioneers and supplies Document [6](Title: Central Pacific Railroad) Planned by Theodore Judah , the Central Pacific Railroad was authorized by Congress in 1862 . It was financed and built through '' The Big Four '' ( who called themselves '' The Associates '' ) : Sacramento , California businessmen Leland Stanford , Collis Huntington , Charles Crocker , and Mark Hopkins . Crocker was in charge of construction . Construction crews comprised 12,000 Chinese emigrant workers by 1868 , when they constituted eighty percent of the entire work force . They laid the first rails in 1863 . The '' Golden spike '' , connecting the western railroad to the Union Pacific Railroad at Promontory , Utah , was hammered on May 10 , 1869 . Coast - to - coast train travel in eight days became possible , replacing months - long sea voyages and lengthy , hazardous travel by wagon trains . Document [7](Title: John D. Spreckels) and government intervention during World War I all served to push the construction completion to November 15, 1919, when the "golden spike" was finally driven by none other than Spreckels himself. Completing the SD&A was a monumental task that seriously affected Spreckels' health, almost costing him his life. In subsequent years, damage to the lines from heavy rainstorms, landslides, and fires took a financial toll on the railroad, as did border closings with Mexico. In 1932, financial difficulties forced Spreckels' heirs to sell their interests in the firm for $2.8 million to the Southern Pacific, which renamed the railroad the Question: where did the central pacific railroad hire workers from Answer:

Chinese emigrant workers

You are given a question and you MUST respond by EXTRACTING the answer (max 5 tokens) from one of the provided documents. If none of the documents contain the answer, respond with NO-RES. Documents: Document [0](Title: Economy of Estonia) environment for foreign investment, innovative e-Services and even mobile-based services are all hallmarks of Estonia's free-market-based economy. Estonia also has made excellent progress in regard to structural adjustment. In June 1992, Estonia replaced the ruble with its own freely convertible currency, the kroon (EEK). A currency board was created and the new currency was pegged to the German Mark at the rate of 8 Estonian kroons for 1 Deutsche Mark. When Germany introduced the euro the peg was changed to 15.6466 kroons for 1 euro. Estonia was set to adopt the euro in 2008 but due to high inflation rates Document [1](Title: 50 euro note) became the currency of over 300 million people in Europe. For the first three years of its existence it was an invisible currency, only used in accounting. Euro cash was not introduced until 1 January 2002, when it replaced the national banknotes and coins of the 12 countries in the eurozone, such as the Dutch guilder and the Portuguese escudo. Today, the €50 note is used by some 332 million Europeans and in the 22 countries which have it as their sole currency (with 20 legally adopting it). Slovenia joined the Eurozone in 2007, Cyprus and Malta in 2008, Slovakia Document [2](Title: Polish złoty) marka was made in 1921, when Jerzy Michalski made out his own plan to raise taxes and reduce expenditure. The Sejm accepted it, albeit with many amendments. Realisation of that plan did not succeed, and it had only short-term influence. This disrupted the whole economy of Poland, and galloping inflation began. The marek and 5,000 marek banknotes became worthless in two years. As hyperinflation progressed, Poland came to print 1, 5 and 10 million mark banknotes. However, they were quickly almost valueless. 10 million marks cost only US$1.073 in January 1924. Immediate action was needed. Władysław Grabski was invited to Document [3](Title: 500 krooni) 500 krooni The 500 krooni banknote (500 EEK) is a denomination of the Estonian kroon, the former currency of Estonia. Carl Robert Jakobson (1841–1882), who was an Estonian politician, publisher, writer and promoter of agriculture, is featured on the front side of the bill, which is why the 500 krooni bill is often called a ""Jakobson"". A barn swallow in flight on a landscape background is featured on the reverse side of the banknote. Before the replacement of the EEK by the euro, the 500 krooni banknote was commonly dispensed by ATMs in Estonia as well as the primary banknote Document [4](Title: Finnish markka) The Finnish markka ( Finnish : Suomen markka , abbreviated mk , Swedish : finsk mark , currency code : FIM ) was the currency of Finland from 1860 until 28 February 2002 , when it ceased to be legal tender . The markka was replaced by the euro ( € ) , which had been introduced , in cash form , on 1 January 2002 , after a transitional period of three years when the euro was the official currency but only existed as ' book money ' . The dual circulation period -- when both the Finnish markka and the euro had legal tender status -- ended on 28 February 2002 . Document [5](Title: 10 krooni) 10 krooni The 10 krooni banknote (10 EEK) is a denomination of the Estonian kroon, the former currency of Estonia. Jakob Hurt (1839–1907), who was an Estonian folklorist, theologian, linguist and prominent social figure during the Estonian national awakening in the 19th–20th century, is featured with an engraved portrait on the obverse side of the banknote. The 10 krooni bill is sometimes called a ""Hurt"". A view of the Tamme-Lauri oak tree at Urvaste is featured on the reverse. The EEK has been withdrawn and replaced by the euro, but the 10 krooni can be exchanged indefinitely at the currency Document [6](Title: Euro gold and silver commemorative coins (Finland)) Finland, unlike the normal issues of the Finnish euro coins, which have a legal tender in every country of the Eurozone. This means that the commemorative coins made of gold and silver cannot be used as money in other countries. Furthermore, as their bullion value generally vastly exceeds their face value, these coins are not intended to be used as means of payment at all—although it remains possible. For this reason, they are usually named Collectors' coins. The coins usually commemorate the anniversaries of historical events or draw attention to current events of special importance. Finland mints four of these Document [7](Title: Alexander II of Russia) of Germany. The martial law in Lithuania, introduced in 1863, lasted for the next 40 years. Native languages, Lithuanian, Ukrainian and Belarussian, were completely banned from printed texts, the Ems Ukase being an example. The Polish language was banned in both oral and written form from all provinces except Congress Poland, where it was allowed in private conversations only. In 1863, Alexander II re-convened the Diet of Finland and initiated several reforms increasing Finland's autonomy within the Russian Empire, including establishment of its own currency, the "markka". Liberation of business led to increased foreign investment and industrial development. Finland also Question: what was finland's currency before the euro Answer:

The Finnish markka