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from dataclasses import dataclass
import nerfacc
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
import threestudio
from threestudio.models.background.base import BaseBackground
from threestudio.models.geometry.base import BaseImplicitGeometry
from threestudio.models.materials.base import BaseMaterial
from threestudio.models.renderers.base import VolumeRenderer
from threestudio.utils.ops import chunk_batch, validate_empty_rays
from threestudio.utils.typing import *
def volsdf_density(sdf, inv_std):
beta = 1 / inv_std
alpha = inv_std
return alpha * (0.5 + 0.5 * sdf.sign() * torch.expm1(-sdf.abs() / beta))
class LearnedVariance(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, init_val):
super(LearnedVariance, self).__init__()
self.register_parameter("_inv_std", nn.Parameter(torch.tensor(init_val)))
@property
def inv_std(self):
val = torch.exp(self._inv_std * 10.0)
return val
def forward(self, x):
return torch.ones_like(x) * self.inv_std.clamp(1.0e-6, 1.0e6)
@threestudio.register("neus-volume-renderer")
class NeuSVolumeRenderer(VolumeRenderer):
@dataclass
class Config(VolumeRenderer.Config):
num_samples_per_ray: int = 512
randomized: bool = True
eval_chunk_size: int = 160000
grid_prune: bool = True
prune_alpha_threshold: bool = True
learned_variance_init: float = 0.3
cos_anneal_end_steps: int = 0
use_volsdf: bool = False
cfg: Config
def configure(
self,
geometry: BaseImplicitGeometry,
material: BaseMaterial,
background: BaseBackground,
) -> None:
super().configure(geometry, material, background)
self.variance = LearnedVariance(self.cfg.learned_variance_init)
self.estimator = nerfacc.OccGridEstimator(
roi_aabb=self.bbox.view(-1), resolution=32, levels=1
)
if not self.cfg.grid_prune:
self.estimator.occs.fill_(True)
self.estimator.binaries.fill_(True)
self.render_step_size = (
1.732 * 2 * self.cfg.radius / self.cfg.num_samples_per_ray
)
self.randomized = self.cfg.randomized
self.cos_anneal_ratio = 1.0
def get_alpha(self, sdf, normal, dirs, dists):
inv_std = self.variance(sdf)
if self.cfg.use_volsdf:
alpha = torch.abs(dists.detach()) * volsdf_density(sdf, inv_std)
else:
true_cos = (dirs * normal).sum(-1, keepdim=True)
# "cos_anneal_ratio" grows from 0 to 1 in the beginning training iterations. The anneal strategy below makes
# the cos value "not dead" at the beginning training iterations, for better convergence.
iter_cos = -(
F.relu(-true_cos * 0.5 + 0.5) * (1.0 - self.cos_anneal_ratio)
+ F.relu(-true_cos) * self.cos_anneal_ratio
) # always non-positive
# Estimate signed distances at section points
estimated_next_sdf = sdf + iter_cos * dists * 0.5
estimated_prev_sdf = sdf - iter_cos * dists * 0.5
prev_cdf = torch.sigmoid(estimated_prev_sdf * inv_std)
next_cdf = torch.sigmoid(estimated_next_sdf * inv_std)
p = prev_cdf - next_cdf
c = prev_cdf
alpha = ((p + 1e-5) / (c + 1e-5)).clip(0.0, 1.0)
return alpha
def forward(
self,
rays_o: Float[Tensor, "B H W 3"],
rays_d: Float[Tensor, "B H W 3"],
light_positions: Float[Tensor, "B 3"],
bg_color: Optional[Tensor] = None,
**kwargs
) -> Dict[str, Float[Tensor, "..."]]:
batch_size, height, width = rays_o.shape[:3]
rays_o_flatten: Float[Tensor, "Nr 3"] = rays_o.reshape(-1, 3)
rays_d_flatten: Float[Tensor, "Nr 3"] = rays_d.reshape(-1, 3)
light_positions_flatten: Float[Tensor, "Nr 3"] = (
light_positions.reshape(-1, 1, 1, 3)
.expand(-1, height, width, -1)
.reshape(-1, 3)
)
n_rays = rays_o_flatten.shape[0]
def alpha_fn(t_starts, t_ends, ray_indices):
t_starts, t_ends = t_starts[..., None], t_ends[..., None]
t_origins = rays_o_flatten[ray_indices]
t_positions = (t_starts + t_ends) / 2.0
t_dirs = rays_d_flatten[ray_indices]
positions = t_origins + t_dirs * t_positions
if self.training:
sdf = self.geometry.forward_sdf(positions)[..., 0]
else:
sdf = chunk_batch(
self.geometry.forward_sdf,
self.cfg.eval_chunk_size,
positions,
)[..., 0]
inv_std = self.variance(sdf)
if self.cfg.use_volsdf:
alpha = self.render_step_size * volsdf_density(sdf, inv_std)
else:
estimated_next_sdf = sdf - self.render_step_size * 0.5
estimated_prev_sdf = sdf + self.render_step_size * 0.5
prev_cdf = torch.sigmoid(estimated_prev_sdf * inv_std)
next_cdf = torch.sigmoid(estimated_next_sdf * inv_std)
p = prev_cdf - next_cdf
c = prev_cdf
alpha = ((p + 1e-5) / (c + 1e-5)).clip(0.0, 1.0)
return alpha
if not self.cfg.grid_prune:
with torch.no_grad():
ray_indices, t_starts_, t_ends_ = self.estimator.sampling(
rays_o_flatten,
rays_d_flatten,
alpha_fn=None,
render_step_size=self.render_step_size,
alpha_thre=0.0,
stratified=self.randomized,
cone_angle=0.0,
early_stop_eps=0,
)
else:
with torch.no_grad():
ray_indices, t_starts_, t_ends_ = self.estimator.sampling(
rays_o_flatten,
rays_d_flatten,
alpha_fn=alpha_fn if self.cfg.prune_alpha_threshold else None,
render_step_size=self.render_step_size,
alpha_thre=0.01 if self.cfg.prune_alpha_threshold else 0.0,
stratified=self.randomized,
cone_angle=0.0,
)
ray_indices, t_starts_, t_ends_ = validate_empty_rays(
ray_indices, t_starts_, t_ends_
)
ray_indices = ray_indices.long()
t_starts, t_ends = t_starts_[..., None], t_ends_[..., None]
t_origins = rays_o_flatten[ray_indices]
t_dirs = rays_d_flatten[ray_indices]
t_light_positions = light_positions_flatten[ray_indices]
t_positions = (t_starts + t_ends) / 2.0
positions = t_origins + t_dirs * t_positions
t_intervals = t_ends - t_starts
if self.training:
geo_out = self.geometry(positions, output_normal=True)
rgb_fg_all = self.material(
viewdirs=t_dirs,
positions=positions,
light_positions=t_light_positions,
**geo_out,
**kwargs
)
comp_rgb_bg = self.background(dirs=rays_d)
else:
geo_out = chunk_batch(
self.geometry,
self.cfg.eval_chunk_size,
positions,
output_normal=True,
)
rgb_fg_all = chunk_batch(
self.material,
self.cfg.eval_chunk_size,
viewdirs=t_dirs,
positions=positions,
light_positions=t_light_positions,
**geo_out
)
comp_rgb_bg = chunk_batch(
self.background, self.cfg.eval_chunk_size, dirs=rays_d
)
# grad or normal?
alpha: Float[Tensor, "Nr 1"] = self.get_alpha(
geo_out["sdf"], geo_out["normal"], t_dirs, t_intervals
)
weights: Float[Tensor, "Nr 1"]
weights_, _ = nerfacc.render_weight_from_alpha(
alpha[..., 0],
ray_indices=ray_indices,
n_rays=n_rays,
)
weights = weights_[..., None]
opacity: Float[Tensor, "Nr 1"] = nerfacc.accumulate_along_rays(
weights[..., 0], values=None, ray_indices=ray_indices, n_rays=n_rays
)
depth: Float[Tensor, "Nr 1"] = nerfacc.accumulate_along_rays(
weights[..., 0], values=t_positions, ray_indices=ray_indices, n_rays=n_rays
)
comp_rgb_fg: Float[Tensor, "Nr Nc"] = nerfacc.accumulate_along_rays(
weights[..., 0], values=rgb_fg_all, ray_indices=ray_indices, n_rays=n_rays
)
if bg_color is None:
bg_color = comp_rgb_bg
if bg_color.shape[:-1] == (batch_size, height, width):
bg_color = bg_color.reshape(batch_size * height * width, -1)
comp_rgb = comp_rgb_fg + bg_color * (1.0 - opacity)
out = {
"comp_rgb": comp_rgb.view(batch_size, height, width, -1),
"comp_rgb_fg": comp_rgb_fg.view(batch_size, height, width, -1),
"comp_rgb_bg": comp_rgb_bg.view(batch_size, height, width, -1),
"opacity": opacity.view(batch_size, height, width, 1),
"depth": depth.view(batch_size, height, width, 1),
}
if self.training:
out.update(
{
"weights": weights,
"t_points": t_positions,
"t_intervals": t_intervals,
"t_dirs": t_dirs,
"ray_indices": ray_indices,
"points": positions,
**geo_out,
}
)
else:
if "normal" in geo_out:
comp_normal: Float[Tensor, "Nr 3"] = nerfacc.accumulate_along_rays(
weights[..., 0],
values=geo_out["normal"],
ray_indices=ray_indices,
n_rays=n_rays,
)
comp_normal = F.normalize(comp_normal, dim=-1)
comp_normal = (comp_normal + 1.0) / 2.0 * opacity # for visualization
out.update(
{
"comp_normal": comp_normal.view(batch_size, height, width, 3),
}
)
out.update({"inv_std": self.variance.inv_std})
return out
def update_step(
self, epoch: int, global_step: int, on_load_weights: bool = False
) -> None:
self.cos_anneal_ratio = (
1.0
if self.cfg.cos_anneal_end_steps == 0
else min(1.0, global_step / self.cfg.cos_anneal_end_steps)
)
if self.cfg.grid_prune:
def occ_eval_fn(x):
sdf = self.geometry.forward_sdf(x)
inv_std = self.variance(sdf)
if self.cfg.use_volsdf:
alpha = self.render_step_size * volsdf_density(sdf, inv_std)
else:
estimated_next_sdf = sdf - self.render_step_size * 0.5
estimated_prev_sdf = sdf + self.render_step_size * 0.5
prev_cdf = torch.sigmoid(estimated_prev_sdf * inv_std)
next_cdf = torch.sigmoid(estimated_next_sdf * inv_std)
p = prev_cdf - next_cdf
c = prev_cdf
alpha = ((p + 1e-5) / (c + 1e-5)).clip(0.0, 1.0)
return alpha
if self.training and not on_load_weights:
self.estimator.update_every_n_steps(
step=global_step, occ_eval_fn=occ_eval_fn
)
def train(self, mode=True):
self.randomized = mode and self.cfg.randomized
return super().train(mode=mode)
def eval(self):
self.randomized = False
return super().eval()
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