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SOURCE_DOCUMENTS/journal_018_1.txt

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+Logotherapy in the 21st Century Honoring Dr. Viktor Frankl on his 90th Birthday 
+A Birthday Tribute to Viktor Frankl  1  
+Birthday Congratulations  2  
+Correcting the Image  3  
+Elisabeth Lukas  
+Prescription for Survival  7  
+Joseph Fabry  
+Existential Therapy for Chronic Pain  13  
+Manoochehr Khatami  
+Logoanalysis for Future Survival in a Violent Society  19  
+Rosemary Henrion  
+Logotherapy and the Globalization of Industry  23  
+Frank E. Humberger  
+Logotherapy and Religion  28  
+Robert C. Leslie  
+The Application of Logotherapy in Education  32  
+Bianca Z. Hirsch  
+Viktor Frankl Speaks of His Life  37  
+Stephen S. Kalmar  
+Israel Students Live Logotherapy  45  
+Mignon Eisenberg  
+Boundaries and Meaning  49  
+William Blair Gould  
+Logotherapy as Love Therapy  53  
+James C. Crumbaugh  
+"The Quest for Meaning in the Twenty-first Century  60  
+Jerry L. Long, Jr.  
+
+Volume 18, Number 1 Spring 1995 
+ISSN 0190-3379 IFODL 18(2)65-128(1995) 
+The International Forum for 
+LOGOTHERAPY 
+Journal of Search for Meaning 
+
+Frankl and Marcel: Two Prophets of Hope  
+for the 21st Century  65  
+Jim Lantz  
+Integrating Logotherapy and Lifestyle Theory:  
+A Remedy for Criminal Behavior  69  
+Glenn D. Walters  
+Purpose in Life and Self-Perceived Anger Problems  
+Among College Students  74  
+Andrew A. Sappington & Patrick J. Kelly  
+Teaching That Encourages Meaningful Learning  83  
+George E. Rice & Rayton R. Sianjina  
+Meaning-in-the-Workplace As Social Change  87  
+Greg Clark  
+Noetic and Psychic Dimensions in Clinical  
+Practice and Research  97  
+John Stanich  
+Self-Awareness Therapy for Prisoners  102  
+Helyn S. Bercovitch  
+Meaning As a Resource in Marriage Counseling  109  
+Paul R. Welter  
+Crisis Intervention and Logotherapy: A Case Study  114  
+Stephen J. Freeman  
+Logotherapeutic Aphorisms by Viktor Frankl  116  
+selected by Elisabeth Lukas  
+Letter to the Editor  11 7  
+Book Review  119  
+Recent Publications of Interest to Logotherapists  121  

SOURCE_DOCUMENTS/journal_020_2.txt

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+Logotherapy in the Third Millennium  68  
+Joseph Fabry  
+Teaching Children Peace-Making Skills  77  
+Florence I. Ernzen  
+Conversations with Terminally Ill Patients  80  
+Leo Michel Abrami  
+Meaning-Centered Counseling: A Cognitive-Behavioral  
+Approach to Logotherapy  85  
+Paul T. P. Wong  
+Reflection, Meanings, and Dreams  95  
+Jim Lantz  
+Logotherapeutic Transcendental Crisis Intervention  104  
+Jerry L. Long, Jr.  
+A Four-Step Model of Logotherapy  11 3  
+Maria Ungar  
+Meaning in Grief  120  
+William M. Harris  
+Book Review  123  
+Recent Publications of Interest to Logotherapists  125  
+Information for Authors  127  
+
+Volume 20, Number 2 Autumn 1997 
+A TRIBUTE TO VIKTOR FRANKL 
+Robert C. Barnes 
+Viktor E. Frankl, MD, PhD, the last of the great European philosophers and psychiatrists of this century, and founder of logotherapy, gave hope to countless millions around the world and helped them achieve health through meaning in spite of otherwise insurmountable obstacles. Prof. Dr. Frankl was liberated from Nazi prison camps more than half a century ago. There is no way to calculate how many millions of people have been liberated from the "prisons" of their inner life because of the life, the work, the teachings, and the theory developed by Viktor Frankl who will be remembered as a prophet for centuries to come. 
+The recipient of 28 honorary doctoral degrees and the Oskar Pfitzer Award of the American Psychiatric Association "for outstanding contributions to the fields and interfaces of psychiatry and religion," Viktor Frankl also received distinguished awards that were bestowed upon him by royalty, governments, corporate, and international scientific and educational institutions. It 1s, however, in the grateful hearts of humankind that he truly earned immortality. He filled his 92 years with such gifts to humanity that it is appropriate to say he belongs to the ages. 
+One of the unique aspects of logotherapy is that, not only can it be practiced, but also it can be lived. In a very personal sense, I acknowledge a whole dimension of meaning in my life that I would not otherwise have realized had I not come to know and love Viktor Frankl, and to embrace his teachings. It is with deep, personal gratitude that I shall always recall his role model and mentorship for me, and his trust in me. In his latter years, he knew of my pledge to him that I would spend the remaining energies of my life helping to promote his life's work throughout the world. He often said that he laid the foundations on which others have to build. He was also fond of quoting a Spanish proverb, "The time is passing; the suffering is forgotten, but the work remains." 
+There are those of us who he entrusted to carry his work over the threshold of the new millennium, to help suffering humanity find health through meaning. I challenge my colleagues on our International Board of Directors and others who will forever cherish his memory to join me in helping to promote the gifts that Viktor Frankl gave to the world. 
+2 
+LOGOTHERAPY: A DECISIVE TURNING POINT IN MY LIFE 
+Jacqueline Becker 
+I'm thankful for the great opportunities life has granted me to learn, teach, and put into practice the extraordinary ideas of logotherapy. Logotherapy represented for me a clear turning point in my professional life as a psychologist. When I first read about Frankl's conception of the human being, I was filled with great satisfaction, because I had found a philosophy that was fully in accord with my personal convictions and experience. 
+I first got in touch with Frankl's logotherapy just at the right time of my life. After my university studies, I worked in a research program of neuroscience on children with learning disabilities. A friend of my mother recommended I read Frankl's Man's Search for Meaning and Fabry's The Pursuit of Meaning. I experienced a great identification and sympathy with Frankl's thinking and conceptions of the human being, and was deeply motivated to learn more about it. 
+Shortly afterward, I heard about the Fifth World Congress in Toronto. "Wonderful," I thought, "life is offering me the opportunity to fulfill my desire of knowing more about logotherapy as well as knowing Frankl in person. 
+At our arrival in Toronto, we were informed that Frankl wouldn't attend the Congress. I felt sad but while participating and enriching myself in the diverse activities of the Fifth World Congress, my feelings turned into a deep sense of happiness and gratitude. I came to understand that things just happened as they were meant for me. I remember the many unexpected valuable experiences, marvelous encounters, and learning opportunities that I had during the Congress; and the Introductory course by Willis C. Finck and the post-Congress seminar by Elisabeth Lukas, who, from then on, I had the privilege to have as my teacher. They had a meaningful 
+3 
+effect upon my personal and professional life. Since this first encounter with logotherapy, I got to know wonderful and valuable persons from different countries--some of them I remained in contact with and developed true and valuable friendships. 
+I finally met Viktor Frankl, his wife Elly, and their granddaughter Katja Veseley. Each member of this wonderful family is an example of 'lived logotherapy,' and they will always have a special meaning in rny life. 
+My first encounter with Frankl took place in my own country, where Frankl was to speak to the Mexican youth. The organizers were looking for a translator who could speak English, German, Spanish, and knew about logotherapy. That was me! I had never translated in a professional way and therefore I told them that my logotherapeutic knowledge would just allow me to assist a professional translator. But Frankl chose me as the translator. I felt proud, but was very nervous. Frankl perceived it and showed great consideration, for which I'll always remain grateful. 
+These experiences have had a very particular impact on my life, and I feel special responsibility when I transmit Dr. Frankl's ideas and testimony of 'lived logotherapy' to the present and future generations. I dedicate myself to clinical practice as a logotherapist, to teaching at the university, and to conducting logotherapeutic groups. I use my language knowledge to translate some of Frankl's important teachings into Spanish. In my personal life, logotherapy has helped me to be more conscious of the meaning of the moment and the demands that I have to respond as a unique and irreplaceable person. 
+4 
+VIKTOR EMIL FRANKL: IN MEMORIA 
+Patti Havenga Coetzer 
+Viktor Frankl is dead. This news reached us on 3 September 1997 as our letter to him had just been dropped in the post box and as our journal was going to print. We honour our friend and mentor with the following tribute paid to him on his 90th birthday on 26 March 1995, as our personal loss today is too great to put it into words: 
+Why is his philosophy of life endorsed by so many? Not only are his thoughts echoed by many academics from a variety of disciplines, but they are also endorsed by lay persons in languages as diverse as Japanese, Russian, Spanish, German, English, Hebrew, Afrikaans, Czech, Polish, and Hungarian. His theory of man is understood by the erudite and the scholar. Yet unsophisticated people have no difficulty in understanding, and empathizing with, the fundamental principles in his philosophy, or in living up to them. Is it because we are all equally helpless when exposed to the "tragic triad of human existence"? And, when confronted with the unchangeable situations of an irreversible past, with mistakes that cannot be made undone, with suffering that all the power and the money cannot alleviate, shall we not pause and listen to one who has walked that road and who has reached the winning-post? 
+Viktor Emil Frankl had done just that: he triumphed over adversity--he was the victor. But he was also more than that: he encouraged other human beings to become aware of what it 
+5 
+means to be human, to have been blessed with the defiant power of the human spirit, to be able to respond with dignity and courage even in the most adverse circumstances. Viktor Frankl challenged us as human beings to transcend ourselves by focusing not on our predicament, but by reaching out to the other, to an ideal, or to something outside the self, to say yes to life. 
+In an age when man is often dehumanized, Viktor Frankl subscribed to a unique view of life that restored man's humanness. His philosophy of man is accepted by so many because they recognize the basic truths thereof. 
+We salute you, Viktor Frankl. Your challenge to man to keep on searching not only for the meaning of the moment, but to try and uncover the ultimate meaning of one's own unique life. And this challenge shall be equally valid in the 21st century, when the name of Viktor Frankl will be even greater than it is on this sad day! 
+6 
+RECOLLECTION 
+Laurence Robert Cohen 
+During a dinner at the 1995 Congress in Dallas, Dr. Barnes suggested people share some memory of a personal meeting with Dr. Frankl. At first, I thought only that I had no such meeting to recount. A soldier's uniform was displayed of a soldier of the Arnerican unit that liberated the camp in which Frankl was imprisoned. !t spoke eloquently of its rneeting with Frankl. It had come to him as a sign and act of liberation. I listened to those who spoke, looked at the uniform, and I had a thought of my own. As once the American army marched into a concentration camp of body and offered Dr. Frankl liberation, so did Dr. Frankl march into my concentration camp of mind with the same offer of liberation in the form of Man's Search for Meaning many years later. Dr. Frankl and his ideas form part of the core of my being now. I would have it no other way. I could have it no other way. 
+7 
+NOSTALGIC MEMORIES OF DR. VIKTOR E. FRANKL 
+James C. Crumbaugh 
+I first met Dr. Frankl at Harvard in 1961 when he was teaching a summer course in logotherapy. Over the next 30 years I attended his lectures whenever he was near enough for me to travel 1n the limited time I could take off from my job, and I studied briefly with him again in the late sixties when he was teaching at The Perkins School of Theology of Southern Methodist University. 
+When Robert Leslie established the Frankl Memorabilia and Library at The Pacific School of Religion in Berkeley, California in 1977, Frank Humberger gave a prime rib dinner tor Frankl and attending disciples at the San Francisco Yacht Club. None of us knew that this was the day of the death of Frankl's father in the Theresienstadt concentration camp. Practicing Jews fast during the day of their father's death. We were embarrassed, but Viktor insisted that we all (including Elly, who is Catholic) eat while he fasted fully, even without water, and drew caricatures (one of his many talents) of each of us. His artistic skill has been recorded in many places, including one side of a shopping bag that was available through the Institute. 
+Over the years Frankl lectured at Tulane University and at Dominican College in New Orleans. On one occasion I went to hear him, and the Dean of Students, Sister Mary Raphael, offered to take him and Elly back to his hotel. He asked to be let out in the center of the Vieux Carre. Sister called me aside at this and said, "Jim, you've got to go with them and keep them away from 
+8 
+the embarrassing spots. If they see some of this they'll never come back to New Orleans." 
+At that time an adult show had an advertising stunt wherein the featured stripper rode a swing out to the sidewalk and over the people's heads. She wore only three roses strategically placed, and as she reached the peak of the swing she opened up and gave a flower show. When we got to the French Quarter I told them I wanted to take them to dinner in one of the nice restaurants. But Frankl said they preferred to take the tour alone. I realized that the Frankls had been made aware of what to expect in the French Quarter, but wanted to see for themselves. Instead of the dinner, Frankl wanted only a "footlong hot dog" to munch on as we walked. They explored the entire area. Before the evening was over they had taught me a thing or two about the hot spots of New Orleans. 
+They were always gracious. They often were demanding on trips, but Frankl always apologized for any inconvenience. 
+With his passing we have lost our leader, who--when future encyclopedias are written--will undoubtedly be recorded as one of the three (with Freud and Adler) most influential psychiatrists of the twentieth century. 
+9 
+WHAT FRANKL MEANS TO ME 
+Mignon Eisenberg 
+I was in Vienna shortly after Viktor Frankl's death. Standing at his gravesite I became visually conscious of Frankl's treatise on the transitoriness of human existence, in which death functions as a station in life, beyond which we cannot see. It was there and then that I understood that Frankl had reached and realized the final stage of meaning, and has now embarked toward the suprameaning of existence, beyond physical reach and yet within our grasp and as partner of the dialogue I conduct with myself constantly. 
+What Frankl meant to me? He was my model, my teacher, my friend, my confida11t. He never let me down, and it was lifegiving and exhilarating to hear him express his feeling understood by me as never before. This was about a year ago, when I spent time in Vienna for the psychotherapy congress and refused to visit the Frankls, because of his state of health and the visitors who beleaguered them. "But, just to shake hands, won't you come?" he said on the phone. When I refused, he asked, "so promise at least to call me every day." Which I did, and had the most enlightening and profound conversations. I first met Frankl in 1976 in Israel, and from that time on he became my mentor and friend. 
+Whenever I was in Europe, I phoned the Frankls. Several years ago, after he ~1ad surgery, I phoned from Zurich. He answered with, "What did the camel say?" "Nothing, except 
+10 
+what you put in his mouth," I said. (I was referring to the cartoon he drew in 1976. (see drawing) 
+His sense of humor was only matched by the humility with which he chose his grave. Seeing the grave in its simplicity was a shock, but actually a shock of recognition, joyously realizing, that who was buried here, was not Frankl, but his earthly frame. Frankl was soaring above, smiling between final and suprameaning, where he would always be close to me, giving support and strength. 
+Logotherapy has become a classic term. Elly Frankl told me how engulfed she was by writers, publishers, invitations for lectures in Japan, Peru, and other countries Hillary Clinton had visited her the week before. In Israel, Lea Rabin, the widow of Prime Minister Rabin, who is going to lecture in the U.S., was asked, about what she was going to talk. "Man's search for meaning," she answered, "is my guide." This was in keeping with the newspaper clipping from Israel's largest daily, which foresaw the 21st century as the era when most professions would be obsolete, except for philosophers and psychologists who would help people find meaning in their lives. 
+11 
+12 
+
+THE THREE FACES OF FRANKL 
+(From an Introduction at Zellerbach Hall, University of California, 1977) 
+Joseph Fabry 
+I have known several facets of Viktor Frankl. On his American tours, he is always under pressure from people who want to see him, interview him, confer with him. He is very jealous of time, refuses all chitchat over" a cup of coffee," and does not even take time for a leisurely meal in a restaurant. 
+In his hometown, Vienna, Frankl is a different man. He still is rushed because he insists on answering his voluminous mail himself, but he takes time out to enjoy life and experiences the meanings of the moment as he sees them. Once, my wife and I walked with him through the streets of Vienna, and he suddenly grabbed our arms and pulled us into a coffee shop. "Smell," l1e said. "Freshly ground coffee." A few steps later he pulled us into a bakery. "Smell," he said again, "fresh Viennese rolls." He enjoys the continuous stream of logotherapists who visit him. This summer, in one afternoon, logotherapists from five countries were assembled in his living room--from Austria, Germany, Poland, Mexico, and the United States. 
+A third Viktor Frankl is Frankl on the mountain top. Every weekend he and his wife Elly drive two hours to the Rax mountain where they have their private room in a mountain inn. There he is surrounded by mountain guides, rock climbers, and tourists. Some know him but most of them see only a little old man who insists on climbing a vertical rock which can be reached easily by a winding but comfortable path. On the mountain, Frankl is relaxed, 
+13 
+jokes with the guides in their hardly understandable dialect, and takes his time eating and chatting with strangers. 
+Two months ago my wife and I spent a weekend with the Frankls on that mountain top. During the midday rush, in the openair snack hut where people were drinking beer and eating sausages, Frankl helped the overburdened waiter clear the tables of beer glasses. While he was making his way to the kitchen with an armful of empty glasses, a young girl ;:isked for his autograph. He put down the glasses and obliged. But most of the guests don't know him. He told me, this surnmer when he helped clearing the tables, one guest asked him to bring him another beer. Frankl went to the kitchen and brought the beer. The guest paid him and gave him a tip. When Frankl hesitated, the guest said, "Come on, you deserve it, you have such a nice smile." When Frankl later tried to pass on the tip to the waiter, the waiter refused. "You earned it," he said. Frankl did not want to keep the tip, and neither did the waiter. They made a deal and so the Institute of Logotherapy received a contribution of 35 cents. 
+There is still another Frankl, and that is Frankl the prophet. He is a prophet in the Biblical sense--a man not to predict the future but to warn against its horrors. The horror Frankl is warning against is the horror of a meaningless life, an empty or frustrated life. He is not only warning against such a life, but has developed his logotherapy to prevent it. 
+14 
+A LOVING GRANDFATHER; A PROUD MENTOR 
+Margaret Davis-Finck 
+Seventeen years of service produces numerous memories. The best, the most impressive are those of a loving grandfather and a proud mentor. 
+When inviting Dr. and Mrs. Frankl to be the honored guests at World Congress IX in Toronto, he said he was not able to attend but could send his grandchildren to represent him and Mrs. Frankl. He told me they had done it before and he was confident they could be his best representative. His love and respect for them could be heard in the tone of his voice as well as the words. I felt fortunate that Dr. Frankl had two grandchildren he held in such high regard and that he was willing to share with his logotherapy family. 
+At World Congress X in San Jose, I was privileged to talk to Dr. and Mrs. Frankl. During the conversation Dr. Elisabeth Lukas' name came up. Dr. Frankl got a warm tone in his voice and said, "Of all my students she is the one who is always right. When helping a patient her diagnosis is never wrong. She always makes a correct diagnosis." 
+1 5 
+A GREAT GIFT 
+Will Finck 
+Rising toward the clouds from the highest point of Alcatraz Island is a national monument endearingly called The Statue of Responsibility. It completes the symbol begun in New York Harbor more than a century ago--the Statue of Liberty. The revelation of the need to balance the Statue of Liberty on the East Coast with a Statue of Responsibility on the West Coast was your greatest gift to the United States. Liberty without responsibility is anarchy. It is our task to pursue the building ot the Statue of Responsibility on the West Coast of the continental United States. Only then will it become clear that our duty is to pursue a path toward our individual responsibility within this nation, and toward our recognition that liberty alone is not enough. Thank you, Doctor Frankl, for an idea so profound, a symbol so necessary that our casual disregard of its significance could lead to the decline of what we thought we were all about as a nation. 
+16 
+REMEMBRANCES ON THE LIFE OF DR. VIKTOR FRANKL 
+Robin Winchester Goodenough 
+Frankl responded to human needs wherever he went. He showed immediate and lastmg concern for all needing therapy, whoever they were and wherever they were. One poignant example started with a phone call from Vienna. Frankl received a pleadmg letter from an undergraduate at George Washington University in Washington, D.C. Concluding that this student suffered from an endogenous depression and was clearly suicidal, Frankl immediately exhausted every effort short of the police to personally contact George, the ailing student. Though burdened night and day with the relentless demand and workload that besets genius (and the family), Frankl focused on salvaging this despairing student. All attempts to contact him at school and at his dormitory failed. Frantically, Viktor called me for help. By getting help through mvestigative sources (including the police), we learned that George had dropped out of school and had gone home to Arizona, both physically and mentally unwell. George was completely overwhelmed that the Viktor Frankl from Vienna had the compassion and concern to personally worry about one student thousands of miles away. George contacted me 1n Washington. Frankl's teachings successfully took root. Over a short time George experienced healing through study and the application of logotherapy. In all probability George's life was saved. Not only did he return to 
+17 
+school, but he also reported applying the principles he had learned to a fellow student with similar depressive problems. Both had now benefitted. 
+All one has to do is read the books or listen to one of the sermons of the world's most popular preacher, Robert Schuller. His broadcasts reach over 30 million people around the world. Schuller states in his books and messages that his belief took root in the teachings of Viktor Frankl. Frankl is ecumenical in his public position and warns that too many therapists meddle in theology and vice versa. Many of Schuller's concepts of healing and mental health sprang from logotherapy. Schuller prides himself at having studied with Frankl in Vienna. 
+In September, 1991, Frankl was addressing a World Congress of psychotherapists 1n Los Angeles. Schuller immediately invited him to appear on his international program at the Crystal Cathedral in Garden Grove. Frankl asked rne to thank Schuller but to inform him about his policy of avoiding sectarian and theistic discussions. Logotherapy teaches about spirituality in a "this worldly" and humanistic context--as that unique characteristic which raises humans far above the animal state. For Frankl, this spiritual quality gives us the ability to transcend all of life's challenges so that we may turn life's tragedies into triumphs. 
+In an effort to change Frankl's mind so that he would agree to appear and millions could see and hear this great healer, urged him to appear with certain pre-set conditions acceptable to him and to Schuller. The plan was to draw up an outline of 
+18 
+the interview issues and not have any topics touch upon any sectarian or theology rnatters--no consideration of Canon law and no endorsements. Schuller enthusiastically agreed and skillfully and faithfully kept his word. The results vvere so successful and 1nsp1ring and the interview vvas so valuable for the world to hear that Schuller spread the interview over three separate Sundays. This was the first time this was ever done. It was a great highlight in Frankl's career. He was remembered warmly and gratefully by Schuller and his vvorld-wide viewing audience. 
+-
+19 
+FRANKL'S FAITH IN MANKIND 
+Bianca & Warren Hirsch 
+We had the pleasure of taking Dr. and Mrs. Frankl to the airport after the World Congress in San Jose in 1988. After we were about 10 miles on the freeway, Mrs. Frankl said, "Oh, my goodness, I left my gold bracelet in the ashtray near the bed in the hotel room, just as the maid was entering and we were leaving." 
+At the next exit we left the freeway and turned around to get back to the hotel. Mrs Frankl stated that she did not think that the bracelet would still be there. Dr. Frankl said, "Don't worry, Elli, no one will take it. It will still be in the ashtray when you get back to the room." Mrs. Frankl quickly went to the hotel room and returned with a beaming smile. "You were right, Viktor, it was just where I had left it." 
+Luckily, we made the return trip to the airport on time, and the Frankls flew home as scheduled. 
+20 
+MY MEMORIES FROM LOGOTHERAPY 
+Angela K. Hutzell 
+When I read in Time magazine that Viktor Frankl had died, I was sad. It reminded me about many at his followers who I had met as a result of Dr. Frankl's Logotherapy. 
+Since I was 5 years old, my parents have taken my older sister and myself to the World Congresses of Logotherapy. I don't remember many specific details of the Congresses themselves; however, do remember a great deal about the people and the places. I have some wonderful memories, and I would not have those if it had not been for Dr. Frankl. Because of him, his teachings, and his followers, I was able to have a lot of experiences that other young people rny age have never had. I have traveled all across the United States and into Canada. I have seen places like Niagara Falls, San Francisco, and other exciting places. These experiences have made me more aware of differences between cultures which certainly helped as I left our predominantly Caucasian, Christian, Iowa community for the un1vers1ty. 
+I was very young at most of tr1e Congresses that I attended, so I was not able to go to many of the lectures and presentations. In fact, the one year that I was old enough to understand what the lectures were about I was recovering from mononucleosis and had to spend i-l iot of time resting. So, ! never really attended the more serious, learning side of the 
+21 
+congresses, but I did meet many wonderful people because I attended the dinners, helped in the bookstores, and participated in other related gatherings. Some of these people have become good friends, such as Will and Margaret Finck, and have taught me a lot about the kind of person I want to be. 
+So, I may not yet know much about the formal details of Dr. Frankl's life or his work, but the people that he led have added significantly to the meaning of my life. 
+22 
+CHILDHOOD MEMORIES OF LOGOTHERAPY 
+Daisy L. Hutzel! 
+My logotherapy journeys began in 1984 at the San Francisco World Congress and Berkeley training session. I mostly remember staring open-mouthed at the gigantic Golden Gate Bridge and eating lemon Italian ice in the Trumpet Vine ice cream store. I supposedly met Dr. Frankl in Berkeley, but at age 8 an ice cream store meant more than meeting a world-famous philosopher. 
+Although I don't remember the day I met Dr. Frankl, his Logotherapy World Congresses greatly influenced my life. I met many wonderful people, some funny, some intelligent, some simply interesting conversationalists. 
+One conference I vividly remember is the one in Toronto in 1993. There, for the thirst time, several people around my own age attended. I made friends with them, and together we laughed and talked and ate frozen yogurt. This conference helped secure my journalism career, as I enjoyed talking with friends both old and new, and later used the power of the pen to continue relationships with Katja Veseley and Samantha Krajkovich. I met up with them for a second time in Dallas in 1995. 
+I remember the 1993 conference also because in Toronto I first attended presentations. I found each presentation inspiring, and I realized, although I had not yet read Dr. Frankl's works, I 
+23 
+subconsciously knew and used some of his ideas. Dr. Frankl, in a different way from most logotherapists, helped me become a confident, optimistic adult. 
+Last summer, while other people searched for meaning at the second Dallas conference, I studied Shakespeare at the University of Iowa's summer session. I truly missed attending. I missed the people, the educational experiences of the lectures and Dallas sights, and the meaning and joy I had found during these bi-annual conferences. As I pursue my final semester of college and plan my upcoming wedding, I often find myself reflecting on the meaning in my life--how in my childhood I used Frankl's ideas of finding meaning through logotherapy--in a nontraditional way. 
+24 
+LOGOTHERAPY'S SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON ONE FAMILY 
+Vicki and R. R. Hutzel! 
+While many have been influenced directly by Viktor Frankl, our story is based more upon his indirect influence spread through his followers and his writings. Only later did we have chances to meet him personally and correspond directly with him. We consider this important because, with Frankl's passing, his message will need to be carried forward by his followers, his writings, and the writings of his followers. 
+Bob's first contact with logotherapy was while on Psychology Internship in Gulfport, Mississippi in 1974. He was practicing several types of psychotherapy which seemed to be of benefit, but were not systematically organized around a unifying theory. Also, the theories did not adequately describe the human aspects of the psychiatric patients. Jim Crumbaugh introduced Bob to logotherapy, suggesting several books to read and allowing him to participate in group therapies led by Crumbaugh and Rosemary Henrion. 
+It was clear that logotherapy was straightforward, organized, encompassing, explanatory, and beneficial. Later, after moving to Knoxville, Iowa, Crumbaugh came to speak to the staff there. He noted that an Institute of Logotherapy was being formed in California, led by Joe Fabry. He suggested we ask Fabry to 
+25 
+come to Knoxville to provide us with additional training. We asked; and he came. 
+Kansas City was also forming an Institute for the study of Frankl's logotherapy, led by Jim Yoder. Since Kansas City is only four hours away, we were able to attend their logotherapy meetings frequently. Regular presenters included Mignon Eisenberg, Paul Welter, and additional well-known logotherapists. We were able to attend with other Knoxville therapists including Michael Whiddon, Joe Graca, and Dan Joslyn. 
+Often we attended as a family, not only the Kansas City meetings but also the World Congresses. Our daughters were five and eight years old at their first World Congress in San Francisco, and they have grown up seeing their logotherapy family more often than some children see their grandparents. Margaret and Will Finck were particularly encouraging that we include the girls in the various activities of the World Congresses. 
+This logotherapy family has provided many additional meaningful opportunities for all of our family: 
+the opportunity to meet and train with Dr. Elisabeth Lukas; 
+the opportunity to visit a variety of metropolitan areas; 
+the opportunity for daughters Daisy and Jilly to make friends 
+on an international level; 
+the opportunity to correspond with persons from many other 
+states and countries. 
+26 
+Publishing has been an interest and hobby for much of our adult lives. This has led to many additional meaningful moments in connection with logotherapy. Bob first volunteered to assist with the newsletter, and later was asked to help edit the Forum. Vicki, becoming more adept with her computer and word processing skills, began taking on responsibilities for the processing of The International Forum for Logotherapy, until she now does all of the technical processing for the journal. This work has led to additional meaningful correspondences and friendships worldwide. 
+Logotherapy has had a significant impact on the lives of our entire family. We value both the learning opportunities and the relationships with other followers of logotherapy. 
+We believe it is through the work and interaction of followers that the significant contributions of Viktor Frankl will be expanded into the 21st century. Our family is grateful to have experienced this work and interaction throughout much of our lives already. If there had been no Viktor Frankl, our lives would have been significantly different. 
+27 
+MY EXPERIENCES WITH DR. FRANKL 
+Jim Lantz 
+I first met Dr. Frankl on February 9, 1963. He was doing a lecture in Columbus, Ohio, and I was told about it by a psychiatrist with whom I was working at the old Columbus State Hospital. I was just a few years out of high school and was working as a Psych Tech at the hospital. Immediately I felt a great deal of respect for Dr. Frankl. His ideas made tremendous sense to me. It was a great day. I still have the copy of From Death Camp to Existentialism (later called Man's Search for Meaning) that he signed for me that day. 
+Soon after meeting Dr. Frankl, I got to join the Army. I became a medic and eventually served in Vietnam during the early years of the war (1964-1965). The book that Frankl signed for me also served in Vietnam and was a constant source of hope for me as I experienced the terrible gore and emotional trauma that go along with being a combat medic. It helped me look for "oughts" that I could use to rise above the pain. I believe that reading Frankl's book helped me to find the tools necessary to save my human spirit. 
+After I was released from service in the Army, I returned to Columbus, Ohio, and went to college. I also got into therapy with a social worker who was a fan of Dr. Frankl. She encouraged me to read and utilize all of his books and articles, which I did and which helped me a great deal in my life. 
+After receiving my M.S.W. degree in 1970, I started studying family therapy with Ernest Andrews at the Family Therapy Institute of Cincinnati, Ohio. Ernie was also a big Frankl fan and 
+28 
+encouraged my interest in developing a logotherapy approach to family therapy. I published my first article on family logotherapy with Vietnam veterans with Ernie's help in 1974 and have been working in this field ever since. 
+In 1982 I received a letter from Dr. Frankl congratulating me on one of my articles published in the International Forum for Logotherapy. This encouraging letter enhanced my confidence that my work was useful and in line with Frankl's thinking. Since that first letter, I have received many letters and phone calls from him encouraging my work and the development of family logotherapy. 
+Dr. Frankl's timely encouragement has been a great help in my professional and personal life. I can honestly say that he has been the most confirming and encouraging person I have experienced in my life other than my wife and 11-year-old son. I will miss his letters, phone calls, and encouragement more than I can ever say. 
+References 
+1. Lantz, J. (1993). Existential family therapy: Using the concepts of Viktor Frankl. Northvale: Jason Aronson. 
+29 
+HONORARY DOCTORATE 
+At its summer quarter 1997 commencement ceremonies, Ohio State awarded an honorary Doctorate of Arts and Letters to Dr. Viktor Frankl for his contributions to existential psychiatry and his descriptions of the human capacity to transcend the suffering and horror of the Holocaust and other trauma situations. The late Dr. Frankl's influence on psychiatry, psychology, social work, and other mental health professions has been profound, resulting in the development of many new practice concepts and principles. He was best know for his immeasurably influential book, Man's Search for Meaning, which depicts his experiences as a prisoner in four death.camps during the second World War. 
+Dr. Jim Lantz of the College of Social Work nominated Dr. Frankl for the honorary degree. Lantz and Dean Tripodi attended the ceremony in which Milton Wolf, former Ohio State trustee and Ambassador to Austria during the Carter Administration, accepted the honor for Dr. Frankl, who died on September 2, 1997, four days after the ceremony. He was ninety-two years old. (from lntervention--Newsletter of The Ohio State University College of Social Work; Editor, Sharyn Talbert, Ph.D.) 
+30 
+LOGOTHERAPY LIVED 
+Jerry L. Long, Jr. 
+A letter. A simple thank-you letter written from a little college freshman in Texas to a great man and psychotherapist in Vienna. The year was 1978 and, as an 18-year-old college freshman taking the course entitled "Introduction to Psychology," I read Man's Search for Meaning. While still recovering from a diving accident which had rendered me paralyzed from the chest down only nine months earlier, this book had an immediate and profound influence upon me. While reading of Professor Frankl's experiences in the death camps I was overcome, time and time again, with amazing parallels between his emotional responses to various circumstances in the death camps and identical emotional responses I had felt about various circumstances during my initial rehabilitation. 
+The letter was written without any expectation of response from this great and busy man. However, within 48 hours, I received a phone call from him! He thanked me, said some laudatory remarks, and asked permission to use my "example" in his speeches and writings. I felt an overwhelming sense of awe. Who was I to be held in such regard by this great man? At that very moment began a friendship which only deepened over the years, a personal teacher-pupil mentoring relationship, a strong collegial bond, increasingly frequent dialogue, many personal meetings and private moments, and suffice it to say, a mutual respect far too deep for words to describe. 
+Professor Frankl was a man of humility. Despite his enormous fame and prestige, he remained firmly grounded in the essence of what LIFE truly meant throughout his years. Despite all of the accolades, the awards, the honorary degrees, the unceasing interviews and international speeches, the overflowing daily bags of mail, he never once lost touch with what one might call "the wisdom of the common man." He possessed the rare ability to 
+31 
+speak with kings and taxi drivers--both with the same degree of ease. 
+During the next few years I graduated college and earned my Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology. Throughout the years I kept in close contact with Professor Frankl and Elly. Many times he invited me to speak, and he presented me with an honorary membership in The Austrian Medical Society for Psychotherapy (I was only the third recipient in its history--the other two being relatives of Freud and Adler). He often told my story in his lectures, and quoted a phrase I had once written him: "I broke my neck. It didn't break me." 
+Once, at the Third World Congress of Logotherapy, in Regensburg, Germany, when we conversed over warm cups of coffee, a "seemingly simple" question popped into my head. I tried to dismiss it time and time again, but it would not let me go. I began thinking, "Jerry, here you are in Germany, having come from Texas to show a film about your life, speak afterwards, and answer questions. All of this before a distinguished group of people from around the world. If you are regarded as knowing much about logotherapy, then how can such a question be in your head?" Well, I decided, here is the world's expert before you, so seize the meaning of the moment and ask him. The question was simple, yet profound--"What is logotherapy?" 
+So I asked. 
+Characteristically, Professor Frankl smiled ever so faintly, took a sip of coffee and gently looked at me eye to eye. He then responded, "There was once a traveler to a foreign land. He happened upon three stonecutters. Approaching the first he posed the question, 'What are you doing?' The first stonecutter sharply relied, 'I'm cutting stone. What does it look like I'm doing?' Posing the same question to the second stonecutter, the stonecutter quickly responded, 'I'm shaping a cornerstone, of course.' However, the third stonecutter gently laid down his mallet and chisel, looked up at the stranger and stated, 'I'm building a cathedral.' That, Jerry, is logotherapy." 
+32 
+Two years later, Professor Frankl came to Texas and spoke to a crowd of over 1,000 people at the Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Afterwards, a group of 12 to 15 people went to a restaurant. A waitress recognized him and proceeded with the usual accolades. Then she said something to the effect of, "How could Professor Frankl continue to write in German--the language of Hitler." In his characteristically calm, illustrative, yet confrontative style he requested to be shown to the kitchen where the food was prepared. Strange though the request sounded, she walked him back and began showing the pots, pans, cooking areas, etc. Slightly to her bewilderment, Professor Frankl asked to see the carving knives. When shown a long, sharp knife, Professor Frankl queried something to the effect of how could they continue to use instruments which had killed thousands of people. Almost immediately she understood his point of the inherent danger of indiscriminate condemnation. 
+We kept in close contact until the very end. In August 1997, he sent me the English version of his just published autobiography, Recollections. In it he wrote "To Jerry--the man who has set an example of what one might call 'logotherapy lived.' In abiding friendship, Viktor Frankl." 
+As his son-in-law, Dr. Franz Vesely, told me: "Jerry, let me tell you the special meaning and significance of that inscription. Those words and that signature were the very last time he wrote and signed his name before his death." 
+
+33 
+A STRUGGLE FOR HOPE 
+Ingrid Mazie 
+The first time I met Dr. Viktor Frankl at a World Congress of Logotherapy in 1984, I was so emotionally overcome I cried. He spoke to me briefly, asked me about myself and gave me some very important advice. I had survived Hitler's Germany as a hidden child, but had lost nearly everything else. I felt negative and deterministic. He acted like a stem, but caring father for a moment when he said to me, "Don't bemoan the past, make your survival meaningful and look at life positively now." Then he autographed a couple of his books I had purchased, adding his caricature in one of them. 
+I am grateful to him and for the effect logotherapy and some of the wonderful persons I met at that Congress had on me, and am looking forward to future conferences and study seminars. Frankl's books and my study of his philosophy began to make my life meaningful and hopeful again. As a teacher, writer, and counselor, Viktor Frankl taught me how to create and enjoy a purposeful, professional and personal life. 
+I will always remember the man who showed me that suffering can be meaningful and that man's search for meaning is one's motivation in life. 
+34 
+THE NIGHT IS CRYSTAL CLEAR: A TRIBUTE TO VIKTOR FRANKL 
+Carol Miller 
+In an ever expanding universe of matter, energy, and consciousness, Viktor Frankl summons us to strive for the heights of dimensional ontology as citizens in our family of humanity. What does this mean? How does this happen? Why seek these heights in our global community today? 
+These questions prompt this tribute to Viktor Frankl which is enlightened by the theory and processes of purgation-illumination unification. It is enhanced by research as an educator with university students in studies of psychologies, philosophies, and spiritualities. It is embraced by experiences as a logotherapist with families of dying children and murdered children. May all of these resources synthesize with honor in this tribute to Viktor Frankl in 
+The Night Is Crystal Clear. 
+This night was the darkness of the death camps revealed by Frankl in his classic book Man's Search for Meaning. It expressed the absolute anguish of human brutalities and atrocities. It was the purgation of the human spirit by evil, hatred, and extermination. Yet in the darkness of these sufferings, there were some stellar examples of goodness and hope. How and why could any light ever eclipse from this darkness? 
+These questions and experiences of Frankl resonate with his philosophy of logotherapy known as the third school of Viennese psychology. It is crystallized in theoretical principles and therapeutic processes related to the basic assumption that one can search and discover meaning in life even in the most miserable circumstances. Logotherapy matters because it directs and implements the highest dimension of human ontology which is the defiant power of the human spirit. In this dimension, one is free to exercise choices, dignity, goodness, conscience, responsibility, and self
+35 
+transcendence in love and service of others. Thus, the best of the human spirit can be manifested even in the depths of the death camps. 
+From midnight to twilight--what an awakening, enlightenment, and illumination. The night is crystal clear! Frankl and logotherapy are beacons of light in society shining brightly refracting and renouncing nihilism, reductionism, pandeterminism, ageism, sexism, racism, and specieism. Equally important, Frankl and logotherapy are announcing the defiant power of the human spirit as the phenomenon of intentionality and the essence of human existence. 
+Because of Frankl's consciousness and compassion, he belongs to this world yet he is not of this world.3• P· 27 Its grandeurs and splendors are not enough because our earth community is endangered by pollution and enraged by violence and wars. 
+In this world, Frankl summons us as logotherapists with clients to be beacons of light illuminating systemic questions and answers that have compelling consequences in the exodus from oppressive causes to redemptive resolutions in our family of humanity. This movement of unification from questions to answers has significance for this author in mission and ministry as a logotherapist with some police officers and with some families of murdered children in the San Francisco Bay Area. For us, why and how are the assassinations of street children in the city of Rio4 related to the gun drills of school children in the city of St. Francis1 dedicated to transforming hatred into love? What is the meaning of it all? 
+In commemorating the death of Frankl, we celebrate his life as the Plato of Vienna summoning us to discern decisively the fundamental knowledge and compelling actions of the essence of existence as citizens in our family of humanity. Moreover, we celebrate his life as a humanitarian who connected Auschwitz with Hiroshima and Nagasaki2 ·P· 779 ; who suffered yet sought no harm on 
+112 113
+others2 P -; who was a victim of violence while committed passionately to nonviolence; and who could have become bitter but rather chose to become better in serving society for a more bright and beautiful world. 
+36 
+Finally, we celebrate his life as a mountain climber seeking the geographical peaks in the Alps of Edelweiss while achieving the moral summits of heights in human existence. In this position, he sees beyond the horizons of darkness to the glows and glories of his seasons and sunsets promoting and advancing human dignity for all persons out of the darkness-and-dawning of his hourglass of time and eternity. 
+It is incumbent upon us as logotherapists to reflect and mirror logotherapy as a source of hope for our global community on the frontiers of the 21st century. In honor of Viktor Frankl, let us venture forth in life deepening our character of mind, courage in heart and compassion through actions toward hope and healing in our family of humanity. Let us keep ablaze the fire and the passion of Viktor Frankl in the vitality of life and in the velocity of love we give to our family of humanity in an ever-expanding universe of matter, energy, and consciousness. 
+References 
+1. 
+European News Services {1993). U. S. kids today. Toronto Globe, August 4, A 18. 
+
+2. 
+Frankl, V. {1984). Man's search for meaning. NY: Washington Square Press. 
+
+3. 
+Lifton, R. {1967). Death in life. NY: Random House. 
+
+
+4. Veisiland, P. {1987). Brazil: Moments of promise and pain. National Geographic, 171, 363. 
+37 
+A TRIBUTE TO VIKTOR FRANKL 
+Teria Shantall 
+With the establishment of his first logotherapy clinic in America at the University of the United States in San Diego, California, in 1970, Frankl delivered a series of lectures entitled: The Meaning of Suffering. I attended these lectures at the invitation of Frankl, to whom I had written shortly before explaining my disillusionment with the psychoanalytic training I was undergoing at the Tavistock Clinic in London. During this training, which also involved a personal analysis, I had begun to feel increasingly restless about the fact that, in focussing on the problems of childhood and the influences of past experiences, psychoanalysis lacked the dimension of a future orientation. My life seemed to lack a vision--a dream to realize or ideals to be inspired by. I was being absorbed by my own needs and fantasies and could not escape the uncanny feeling that life was passing me by, that time was running out--and when will I have time to catch up with what I was now missing? 
+I had no sooner joined Frankl in America when I experienced the shock at the news of the death of my father back in South Africa. A spell of intense grief followed, during which I was particularly plagued with the remorse over lost opportunities which I no longer had time to make up for. 
+I realized that, in many ways, my past had been wasted since the kind of life I had been living was a trial-and-error and a type of haphazard thing. I had to find some defined destination for my 
+38 
+life or it was not worth living anymore. I had to know more clearly where I was going and go there. Nothing else would do. 
+As much as it was a point of utter determination, it was also a point of surrender. I had given up on myself, on the selfcentered way of living my life. I was aching for something different, for something beyond the narrow confines of mere day-to-day existence. 
+I fell into an exhausted sleep and dreamt that I had written a loving letter to my father which I was about to mail. I woke up with a painful start, agonizingly realizing that I would never be able to communicate with him again. Just then, I remembered the diary he had given me as a parting gift. With crystal clarity, I felt that he expected me to fill up the yet empty pages of that diary with the events of my life that I would now undertake to live fully and with care. I felt his presence with me. 
+He was there, for those few awesome moments, like a strong witness for life, waiting for me to accept the commission before he would take his place on the grandstand of time to watch me winning the race that I, too, had to run, yet a race, strangely, set out only for me. It was my race which could only be run by me! 
+The pain that I had felt a moment before, changed to a surge of inspiration which seemed to have sprung up from some deep and innermost region, like some core experience, which pushed through my whole being, filling, what I only then realized, was an all-pervading emptiness. I felt brim-full with joy--such a paradoxical feeling in a grief situation! 
+39 
+The dawn was breaking outside. As I stepped out into a new day, I was struck by the clarity with which I was seeing everything. It was as if the scales of an inward-looking type of living had fallen off my eyes, and that I was now and perhaps for the first time, able to see life clearly! This experience presented a real turning point in my life. I began to base my actions and attitudes much more clearly on choice rather than inclination. On many crucial occasions thereafter, such considered decisions ran contrary to pressing needs and coercive circumstances. My own psychodynamics, which I had explored through years of psychoanalysis, began to fade in importance or, most surprisingly, began to take on a refreshingly new and deeper meaning--my "hang-ups" began to serve me! In the wellknown areas of personal conflict, I now experienced compassion and sensitivity, a depth of insight into the problems of others. My own vulnerabilities became an openness, a greater tenderness towards others. I felt inter-dependently related to my fellow humans in a community kind of way. 
+This experience of a breakthrough of meaning in my own suffering, with the added bonus of a greater sense of responsibility as I came to see my life as a gift that I could either use or abuse, lent very real impetus to an interest in the phenomenon of being able to experience a sense of deep meaning as a result of great personal suffering. The subject of the meaning of suffering eventually became a topic of my scientific investigation among Holocaust survivors residing in South Africa. 
+40 
+Research findings highlighted the fact that, by employing the defiant power of the human spirit, survivors were able to triumphantly transcend the debilitating effects of their senseless sufferings in the Nazi concentration camps. Like Frankl himself, they could resist the dehumanizing influences of camp life by the right and heroic choices they continued to make. These right and costly choices allowed them to attain the peaks of moral excellence and psychological maturity. They proved that suffering can lead to meaning. 
+Suffering calls us out of the moral apathy and mindlessness of mere existence. It is by accepting the challenge to live our lives responsibly, that suffering can serve to bring forth the best and most admirable of human qualities in all of us. 
+A report on these research findings at the Eleventh World Congress of Logotherapy in Dallas, only shortly before Frankl's death, proved to be an intensely meaningful tribute to Viktor Frankl, a man who has so profoundly effected the lives of so very many people all over the globe exactly because he represents a model of optimal humanness. 
+
+41 
+THANKS FOR YOUR INSIGHTS 
+Arunya Tuicomepee 
+After graduating in 1993 and having worked as counselor and psychiatric nursing instructor at the Psychiatric Nursing Department, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, I have used Frankl's concepts, especially 'the meaning of life.' In my experience, his concepts are tremendously helpful for people who are HIV positive, have psychiatric problems, or are people in crisis. 
+I have often faced a challenging question: "Can a belief in the meaning of life change people's way of life? If so, to what degree?" Based on my work experience, I have gained confidence that the more people know themselves, based on a strong attitude toward the meaning of life, the more they will experience a meaningful, fulfilled, and peaceful life. 
+So, I would like to give thanks to Dr. Frankl for his invaluable contribution to our insights. His work will be long lasting, even though his life has ended. I deeply regret his death. I would like to tell his family, relatives, and friends that you are not the only ones who mourn losing him. Certainly, I am one also. 
+42 
+A PRIMER FOR CHILD REARING AND LIVING 
+Ann Graber Westermann 
+My first encounter with Franklian psychology occurred while 
+was a young mother of preschool children. Viktor Frankl' s book, Man's Search for Meaning, seemed to contain the best ideological formula for creating a world where this generation of children would not have to endure what we, who grew up in war-torn Europe of the 40's, had to live through. And so it came to be that Dr. Frankl's spirit-centered philosophy became my primer for child rearing. 
+As our children grew, so did my acquaintance with and love for Viktor Frankl's world view. I found much in his writings that could be applied immediately and directly: striving to be authentic; valuing the uniqueness of every individual; honoring the inherent dignity of each human being; balancing freedom with corresponding responsibility; with the concept of selftranscendence making a particularly strong impact on the young mother I was then. 
+Although I later incorporated logotherapy into my work as pastoral counselor, it would be accurate to say that I first practiced logotherapy as character education in my own little family circle. Now that my children are adults, I am pleased to see that they all exhibit a strongly developed social conscience based on meaning-centered values--no doubt influenced by the tenets of logotherapy. 
+43 
+I last saw Professor Frankl in May, 1995, in Vienna. He made an appearance at the opening of the Jubilee Congress celebrating his 90th birthday. When asked what was important to a man 90 years old, who had recently been hospitalized with pulmonary edema, Dr. Frankl answered, "Life is a precious gift. And I appreciate each day as it presents itself with increasing humility." To me this summed up the congress theme, "The Art of Meaningful Living." 
+It was with a deep sadness that I learned of his passing. I mourned the loss to humanity. A great visionary, who was having a profound influence on the consciousness of the planet, had departed. Then a friend reminded me of what Beethoven's eulogist had to say. That brought comfort because it was also true of Viktor Frankl: 
+"You [humanity] have not lost him, but you have won 
+him. No one who is alive can enter the halls of 
+immortality. The body must die before the gates are open. 
+He who you mourn is now among the greatest men of all 
+time." 
+44 
+MY UNFORGETTABLE MEMORY WITH VIKTOR FRANKL AND JOE FABRY IN VIENNA, 1977 
+Robert Wilson 
+It was in the Fall, 1977, when I met Viktor Frankl and Joe Fabry. My wife and I and our two youngest sons were touring Europe. At that time I was working on my dissertation, 
+Logotherapy: An Educational Approach for the Classroom Teacher. 
+I was hoping I would have the opportunity to visit Dr. Frankl while in Vienna, so he could see some of the work I was doing in logotherapy, particularly in education, and of course, give me advice and counsel. Before I left for Europe, I had written to Dr. Frankl and mention I would be in Vienna. He wrote back stating that I should give him a call when I arrived and hopefully we could visit. 
+The first thing I did when I arrived in Vienna was to call Dr. Frankl. He was available. I boarded the first street car I could find, and was off to his home, very near to the University of Vienna. I had the excitement of a school boy, looking forward to visiting with one of the "greats" of our times. When I knocked, a receptive and charming woman opened the door. It was Frankl's wife, Eleonore. She mentioned that Dr. Frankl was upstairs and expecting me. Mrs. Frankl led me upstairs where Dr. Frankl was sitting at his desk in his study. 
+He wanted to know about me as a person and my background and what I was doing in the educational field, particularly with reference to logotherapy. Very little time was spent talking about him or his works. He wanted to know about me! When we finally got around to talking about Dr. Frankl, he asked me to sign his 
+45 
+book. I opened the page and above where I was to sign was the signature of Mamie Eisenhower, the former first lady, and wife of President Eisenhower. (I was really in big company). He asked me to write a few words. I don't remember every detail, but did remember to remark how I appreciated his naturalness and humility. He read my words and then stated, "How do you know? You haven't known me that long." I stated, with a smile, "I don't really have to, as time is relative." Dr. Frankl smiled back, got up from his desk and went into his library, and brought back a nineteen page "brief" called The Philosophical Foundations of Logotherapy, Phenomenology: Pure and Applied, for me to read. In this Dr. Frankl summarized very succinctly the concepts of logotherapy. He signed the brief, "To Bob Wilson from Viktor Frankl." He then mentioned that there was someone visiting him I had to meet. He went to the next room, opened the door, and Joe Fabry walked into the room. At that time, Joe Fabry wa~ President of the Institute of Logotherapy in Berkeley, and of course, Frankl's trusted friend and protege in America. Joe Fabry became my mentor, friend, and advisor for my dissertation. Joe also played an instrumental role in my completing the Diplomate in Logotherapy. 
+What a wonderful gift for me to meet Viktor Frankl and Joe Fabry in one day. This truly was the "meaning of the moment." It also had to be Divine guidance! 
+46 
+THE ENDURING INFLUENCE OF LOGOTHERAPY 
+Paul T. P. Wong 
+A giant quietly passed away, amid unprecedented outpourings of public grief over the deaths of Princess Diana and Mother Theresa. Yet, I firmly believe that when the tides of history have buried most mortals, Dr. Frankl will stand tall, along with other giants from Vienna--Freud, Jung, and Adler. 
+A casual glance of psychology textbooks will testify the lasting influence of Dr. Frankl. Even though logotherapy will evolve over time,3.4 the key concepts of logotherapy and its message of hope will endure. 
+My first encounter with Dr. Frankl was through reading Man's Search for Meaning2 and Fabry's The Pursuit ofMeaning. 1 As my research journey led me more and more in Dr. Frankl's direction, I began to study logotherapy more seriously. 
+About three years ago, when I began to develop the concept of an edited volume on meaning-centered research and therapy, I wrote Dr. Fr~nkl a brief note, asking if he would consider writing a foreword for the book. Much to my surprise, he replied with a personal phone call within two weeks. 
+I still remember that day when the receptionist tried to locate me, saying that Dr. Frankl was calling long distance. When I finally got to answer the call, I heard a slow but steady voice: "I am Dr. Frankl and I am a 90-year-old man. I don't write anymore, but I have several very good people who can write a foreword for you." He mentioned a few names. We continued to talk over the phone, because he showed a great deal of interest in the project and asked me a number of questions. 
+Eventually, Dr. Barnes wrote a foreword, and Ors. Fabry and Lukas each wrote a chapter. The book is entitled The Human Quest for Meaning: A Handbook of Psychological Research and 
+47 
+Clinical Applications.5 Fittingly, the book is dedicated to Dr. Frankl, whose ideas have made a significant difference in how we see ourselves and how we practice psychotherapy. 
+References 
+1. 
+Fabry, J.B. (1968). Thepursuitofmeaning:Logotherapy applied to life. Boston: Beacon Press. 
+
+2. 
+Frankl, V. E. (1959). Man's search for meaning. NY: Pocket Books. 
+
+3. 
+Wong, P. T. P. (1997). Meaning-centered counseling: A cognitive-behavioral approach to logotherapy. The International Forum for Logotherapy, 20, 85-94. 
+
+4. 
+Wong, P. T. P. (in press). Meaning-centered counseling. In P. T. P. Wong & P. S. Fry (Eds.), The human quest for meaning: A handbook of psychological research clinical applications. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. 
+
+5. 
+P. T. P. Wong & P. S. Fry (Eds.), The human quest for meaning: A handbook of psychological research clinical applications. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. 
+
+
+48 
+HISTORICAL FRANKL ARTICLES FROM "UNIQUEST" 
+A forerunner of The International Forum for Logotherapy was Uniquest. This magazine was published twice a year during the mid1970's "for those in search of meaning in their lives, and for a world in which survival as a fulfilled human being is possible." Joseph Fabry was editor. Publication location was 1 Lawson Road, Berkeley, California, which became the first home of the Institute of Logotherapy. Several valuable articles by Viktor Frankl were published in Uniquest. Because many readers of The International Forum for Logotherapy do not have access to these important papers, we republish on the next several pages Frankl articles that appeared originally in the Uniquest magazine. 
+A Psychiatrist Looks at Love is from the 1975 Uniquest entitled "Intimate Ethics: The Changing Man-Woman Relationships." 
+Some Thoughts on the "Painful Wisdom" is an introduction to the 1976 Uniquest entitled "The Painful Wisdom of the Survivor: The Growth Potential of Suffering." 
+Meaning Is Available to Everyone is from the 1977 Uniquest entitled "A Festival of Meaning: The Message of Viktor Frankl For a Meaningful Life." This issue of Uniquest was a report of the 1977 Berkeley Festival of Meaning which Dr. Frankl attended to inaugurate the Frankl Library and Memorabilia at the Graduate Theological School at Berkeley. The article Meaning Is Available to Everyone is a partial transcription from the tape-recorded conclusion of Frankl's address at the University of California, Berkeley. 
+Turning Suffering Into Triumph is a case history from the files of Viktor Frankl published in the 1977 "Festival of Meaning" Uniquest. 
+49 
+A PSYCHIATRIST LOOKS AT LOVE 
+Viktor E. Frankl 
+Love is a specifically human phenomenon. We must see to it that it is preserved in its humanness rather than treated in a reductionistic way--reducing it to a mere sublimation of sexual drives and instincts which humans share with all other animals. Such an interpretation blocks our true understanding of love as a uniquely human phenomenon. 
+In fact, love is one aspect of a more encompassing human phenomenon I have called self-transcendence. This term signifies that being human always relates to and is directed toward something other than itself. The human being is not, as some current motivational theories would like to make us believe, basically concerned with gratifying needs and satisfying drives and instincts, and by so doing, maintaining or restoring homeostasis--an inner equilibrium, a state without tensions. By virtue of the self-transcendent quality of the human reality, we are basically concerned with reaching out beyond ourselves-toward a meaning to fulfill or toward another human being to encounter lovingly. Self-transcendence manifests itself either by one's serving a cause or by loving another person. 
+Loving encounter, however, precludes considering and using another person merely as a means to an end. It precludes, for instance, using a person as a mere tool to reduce the tensions aroused by libidinal or aggressive drives and instincts. This would amount to some sort of masturbation, and in fact, many of our sexually neurotic patients speak of their way of treating their partners in terms of "masturbating on them." Such an attitude toward one's partner is a distortion of human sex. 
+Metasex 
+Human sex is always more than mere sex--and exactly to the extent to which it serves as the physical expression of something metasexual, namely, the physical expression of love. And only to the extent to which sex carries out this function of an 
+50 
+embodiment, an incarnation, of love--is it also climaxing in a really rewarding experience. Thus, Maslow was justified in pointing out that those people who cannot love don't get the same thrill out of sex as those people who can love. As a poll of 20,000 readers of "Psychology Today" showed, listed among those factors contributing most to enhancing potency and orgasm was "romanticism," something that comes close to love. 
+But while love is a human phenomenon, the humanness of sex is only the result of a developmental process, the product of progressive maturation. Freud differentiated between the goal of drives and instincts, and their object. One might say the goal of sex is the reduction of sexual tensions whereas its object is the sexual partner. But as I see it, this holds true only for neurotic sexuality. Only a neurotic is out foremost to get rid of his sperma, be 1t by masturbation or by using the partner as a means to the same end. To the mature person the partner is no "object" at all, but another subject, another human being in his very humanness; if he really loves him, he sees him in his uniqueness--and it is only love that enables a person to seize hold of another person in that very uniqueness which constitutes the personhood of a human being. 
+Promiscuity is by definition the opposite of a monogamous relationship. An individual who indulges in promiscuity need not care for the uniqueness of a partner and therefore cannot love him. Since only that sex which is embedded in love can be really rewarding, the quality of the sexual life of such an individual is poor. Small wonder, then, that he tries to compensate for this lack of quality by the quantity of sexual activity. This, in turn, requires an ever increasing stimulation as is provided, for example, by pornography. 
+From this, one might understand that we are not justified in glorifying such mass phenomena as promiscuity and pornography as something progressive; they are rather regressive. They are symptoms of a retardation that must have taken place in one's sexual maturation. 
+The myth of sex-just-for-fun's-sake (rather than letting sex become the physical expression of something metasexual) is sold and spread by people who know this is good business. The young 
+51 
+generation not only buys the myth but also the hypocrisy behind it. In our age in which hypocrisy in sexual matters is so much frowned upon, it is strange to see that the hypocrisy of those who propagate a certain freedom from censorship remains unnoticed. Is it so hard to recognize that their real concern is unlimited freedom to make money? 
+Sex Inflation 
+But there cannot be successful business unless there is a substantial need that is met by this business. We are witnessing, within our present culture, an inflation of sex. We can understand this phenomenon only against a comprehensive background. Today, we are confronted with an ever increasing number of clients who complain of a feeling of meaninglessness and emptiness which I have called the II existential vacuum. 11 This is due to two facts: in contrast to an animal, we are not told by drives and instincts what we must do; and in contrast to people in former times, we are no longer told by traditions and values what we should do. In our day, we sometimes no longer know what we really wish to do. 
+It is precisely this existential vacuum into which the sexual libido is hypertrophying. And it is precisely this hypertrophy that brings about the inflation of sex. As any kind of inflation, such as on the monetary market, sexual inflation is associated with devaluation. And sex is devalued inasmuch as it is dehumanized. Thus, we observe the present trend toward a sexual lite which is not integrated into one's personal life but rather lived out for the sake of pleasure. The depersonalization of sex is understandable once we diagnose it as a symptom of what I call "existential frustration 11 --the frustration of our search for meaning. 
+So much for causes; but what about the effects? The more one's search for meaning is frustrated, the more such an individual embarks on a "pursuit of happiness." But, alas, it is the very pursuit of happiness that dooms it to failure. Happiness cannot be pursued because it must ensue, and it can ensue only as a result of living out one's self-transcendence, one's dedication and devotion to a cause to be served, or another person to be loved. 
+52 
+Nowhere else is this general truth more perceptible than in the field of sexual happiness. The more we make it an aim, the more we miss it. The more a male client tries to demonstrate his potency, the more he is likely to become impotent; and the more a female client tries to demonstrate to herself that she is capable of fully experiencing orgasm, the more liable she is to be caught in frigidity. Most of the cases of sexual neurosis I have met in my practice can easily be traced back to this state of affairs. 
+Accordingly, an attempt to cure such cases has to start with removing the demand quality which the sexual neurotic usually attributed to sexual achievement. For such cases I have developed the technique of "dereflection". What I want to state here, however, is the fact that our present culture, which idolizes sexual achievement, further adds to the demand quality experienced by the sexual neurotic, and thus further contributes to his neurosis. The use of the Pill, by allowing the female partners to be more demanding and spontaneous, has unwittingly encouraged the trend. 
+The women's liberation movement, by having freed women of old taboos and inhibitions, has had as one result that even college girls have become ever more demanding of their sexual satisfaction, demanding it from college boys. The paradoxical result has been a new set of problems variously called "college impotence" or "the new impotence." 
+The Victorian sexual taboos and inhibitions are going, and to the extent that real freedom is gained, a step forward has been taken. But, freedom threatens to degenerate into mere license and arbitrariness, unless it is lived in terms of responsibleness. And that is why I do not tire of recommending that the Statue of Liberty on the East Coast be supplemented by a Statue of Responsibility on the West Coast. 
+53 
+SOME THOUGHTS ON THE "PAINFUL WISDOM" 
+Vik tor E. Frankl 
+Suffering is in no way an indispensable pre-requisite to finding meaning in life. In this respect, it is no necessary condition. Even less is it a sufficient condition. For by itself, suffering is meaningless. It still must be bestowed with meaning--and it can be bestowed with meaning only if the cause of suffering cannot be removed. As long as it is possible, a situation that makes us suffer has to be changed. But as soon as it turns out that this situation is unchangeable, we should make it meaningful by the attitude with which we shoulder it--in other words, by fulfilling the potential meaning inherent and dormant in unalterable suffering, by actualizing "attitudinal values." 
+In this sense, I am used to saying that "creative values" have the priority (first try to change your fate) but the "attitudinal values" have the superiority (if you can't change your fate change your attitude). 
+That the "attitudinal values" are superior to the "creative values" and the "experiential values" is due to the fact that in · fulfilling a meaning experientially, e.g., by loving, and creatively, e.g., by working, we either leave the world as it is or change it. But in fulfilling the meaning of suffering, we change ourselves which 1s the most human of human achievements. To illustrate this, let us give a hearing to Jehuda Bacon who, as a boy, spent some years in the concentration camp of Auschwitz: "As a boy I thought, 'I will tell them what I saw, in the hope that people will change for the better.' But people did not change and did not even want to know. It was much later that I really understood the meaning of suffering: It can have a meaning if it changes you for the better." 
+54 
+MEANING IS AVAILABLE TO EVERYONE 
+Viktor E. Frankl 
+The logotherapist cannot give meaning but he can help his patients find meaning. He can also see to it that meaning is not taken away from the patient by reductionism. 
+My high school teacher told us that life was nothing but a combustion process, an oxidation process. I was only thirteen then, but I jumped to my feet and asked him: "If this is all, what meaning then does life have?" He could not answer me because his view of life was reductionistic--or should I rather say "oxidationistic"? 
+Or take the comment by Dr. Arthur G. Wirth who applies logotherapy in the classrooms of Washington University in Saint Louis. "If teachers show in their attitudes and actions that they are cynical," he writes in a forthcoming book, "the young will get the message no matter how many literary classics they are required to read." 
+This reductionism, this nihilism and cynicism, is today often instilled in us by what is called "typical modern literature." Much of modern literature reflects the writers' own existential vacuum, their feelings of meaninglessness. When I addressed the International Writers Club (PEN) in Vienna on the subject of "A Psychiatrist Looks at Modern Literature-Therapy or Symptoms?" I tried to remind these writers of their social responsibility and implored them that, if they are not capable of immunizing their readers against nihilism, they at least should refrain from inoculating them with their own cynicism. 
+We psychiatrists do not have the final answers. We are neither omniscient nor omnipotent--we are merely omnipresent. You find psychiatrists in writers clubs, on the television screen, and in magazines. You better stop divinizing psychiatry and start humanizing it. To begin with, the concept of the human being underlying psychiatry should include the most primordial motivational force characterizing a human being--our will to meaning. 
+55 
+This will to meaning is not wishful thinking but a self-fulfilling prophecy in the deepest sense of the word. When I am blamed for placing humans on a pedestal, of thinking too highly of them, I am reminded of what I have learned from my flight instructor. He taught me that if I want to land at a place straight to the east, and if there is a crosswind from the north, I won't land where I intended to land but, because of the drift, farther to the south. But if, under these same circumstances, I direct my landing toward a point to the north of my intended goal, the crosswind will make me land where I wanted to land. It is exactly the same with a human being. If we see man in what seems to be a realistic view, if we take him as he is, we make him worse, we make him deteriorate. But if we take man as he should be, we help him become what he can be. But here I am quoting no longer my flight instructor, but the German poet Goethe. 
+Meanings Are Unique 
+How can we help people see meaning in their lives in an age where traditions and transitional values are crumbling? Traditions are on the wane, but meanings, in contrast to values, are not transmitted by tradition. Values can be defined as universal meanings--what millions of people have found meaningful in standard situations over thousands of years. But individual meanings are unique, pertaining to a concrete, specific situation experienced by a unique person. Values are transmitted by tradition but meanings are not transmitted by anything, they have to be found by oneself. 
+The process of finding meaning boils down to a process of Gestalt perception. The difference, however, is that in a Gestalt perception in the traditional sense you are perceiving a figure over against a background; but in the specific case of meaning-finding you are perceiving a possibility over against the background of reality: the possibility to do something about a situation confronting you. And because each situation is unique, meanings too are necessarily unique. And from this uniqueness it follows that the possibility to do something about a situation is transitory. But only the possibilities are transitory. 
+56 
+Once you have actualized a meaning, you have done so once and forever. You have rescued the meaning into the past. Nothing and nobody can ever rob you of the treasure of what you have put into the past. Nothing in the past is irretrievably lost but everything is irrevocably stored. Usually people are aware only of the stubblefield of transitoriness, but they don't see the full granaries into which they have brought in the harvest of their lives--the deeds done, the works created, the loves loved, and the sufferings courageously borne. 
+Avenues to Meaning 
+Because meanings are unique they are ever changing but never missing. Life is never lacking a meaning. There are three avenues that lead to meaning. 
+The first avenue to meaning comes through creating a work or doing a deed. The second, through experiencing something or someone-through art or nature, or by lovingly encountering another person. The third avenue is less obvious. In a hopeless situation, facing a fate that cannot be changed, what counts then is to bear witness to the uniquely human potential at its best--to transform a tragedy into a triumph, to turn a predicament into an achievement on the human level. As soon as we no longer are able to change a situation, we are called upon to change ourselves by rising above ourselves, by growing beyond ourselves. 
+The American Journal of Psychiatry once stated that the message of logotherapy was faith in the unconditional meaningfullness of life. But it is more than faith. It is a conviction at which I arrived on merely intuitive grounds as a very young man. Since then, the same results have been obtained by strictly empirical research. I could give you a list of seventeen researchers whose findings were reached by strictly empirical and quantitative methods which showed that meaning is available 1n principle to everyone, irrespective of sex, age, 1.0., educational background, environment, character structure, irrespective of whether the individual is religious or not, and if he is religious, irrespective to which denomination he belongs. 
+57 
+And meaning is available even irrespective of success or failure. The human being knows not only how to be successful but also, if need be, how to suffer, how to mold even a tragic situation into an achievement. Life then is no longer characterized by failure over against success, but rather by meaning (fulfillment) over despair (the despair over an apparently meaningless life). For there are people who, in spite of success, and in the midst of affluence, are caught in despair over the apparent meaninglessness of their lives. They have survived, they make a living but they have nothing to live for. They don't know for what they have survived. 
+But on the other hand, there is always the possibility of finding a meaning in spite of failure, in a hopeless situation, in disease, in distressful extremities. Almost daily my mail brings proof of this. Let me conclude by quoting from one letter, from an inmate in Florida's state prison. 
+He writes: 
+"During the past several months a group of inmates have been sharing your books and tapes. Yes, one of the greatest meanings we can be privileged to experience is suffering. I've just begun to live, and what a glorious feeling it is! I am constantly humbled by the tears of my brothers when they can see that they are even now achieving meanings they have never thought possible in state prison... The changes are truly miraculous. Lives which heretofore have been hopeless and helpless now have meaning. Here in Florida's maximum security prison, some 500 yards from the electric chair, we are actualizing our dreams. 
+"Dr. Frankl, it is now near Christmas. But logotherapy was my Easter morning. Out of the calvary of Auschwitz has come our Easter sunrise. From the barbed wire and chimneys ofAuschwitz rises the sun. My, what a new day must be in store!" 
+58 
+TURNING SUFFERING INTO A TRIUMPH 
+Viktor E. Frankl 
+Sometimes a patient is not only spared additional suffering but also finds additional meaning in suffering. He may even succeed in making suffering into a triumph. Meaning, however, rests on the attitude the patient chooses toward suffering. 
+A Carmelite sister was suffering from a depression which proved to be somatogenic. She was admitted to the Department of Neurology at the Poliklinik Hospital. Before a specific drug treatment decreased her depression this depression was increased by a psychic trauma. A Catholic priest had told her that if she were a true Carmelite sister she would have overcome the depression long before. This added a psychogenic depression (or, more specifically, an "ecclesiogenic neurosis" as Schaetzing calls it) to her somatogenic depression. But I was able to free the patient of the effects of the traumatic experience and thus relieve her depression over being depressed. The priest had told her that a Carmelite sister cannot be depressed. I told her that perhaps a Carmelite sister alone can master a depression in such an admiral way as she did. In fact, I shall never forget those lines in her diary in which she described the stand she took toward the depression: 
+"The depression is my steady companion. It weighs my soul down. Where are my ideals, where is the greatness, beauty, and goodness to which I once committed myself? There is nothing but boredom and I am caught in it. I am living as if I were thrown into a vacuum. For there are times at which even the experience of pain is inaccessible to me. And even God is silent. I then wish to die. As soon as possible. And if I did not possess the belief that I am not the master over my life, I would have taken it. By my belief, however, suffering is turned into a gift. People who think that life must be successful are like a man who in the face of a construction site cannot understand that the workers dig out the ground if they wish to build up a cathedral. God builds up a cathedral in each soul. In my soul he is about to dig out the basis. What I have to do is just to keep still whenever I am hit by His shovel." 
+59 
+
+~\ 
+=?t ~ '-, \ 
+~"" I 
+
+Frankl, the cartoonist: "My ability to draw cartoons is related to my skill as a therapist: I see some characteristic feature of the person (in the above case, myself), some aspect ofhis uniqueness, and draw attention to it." 
+60 
+VERA LIEBAN KALMAR 
+The Institute of Logotherapy has suffered another loss with the death of Dr. Vera Lieban Kalmar who died April 25, after an eight-year battle with cancer. Her doctors were amazed that she was able to live a full life despite many complications and heavy medication and therapy. She credited logotherapy with her ability to keep up her positive attitude which, the doctors believed, strengthened her immune system. She truly achieved what Viktor Frankl called "turning tragedy into human triumph." 
+Dr. Vera Lieban Kalmar and her husband Sam were among the pioneers of the Institute of Logotherapy, and became personal friends of Viktor and Elly Frankl. For many years, both Kalmars were members of the Board of the Institute. Vera developed the curriculum for teaching logotherapy and herself taught, with Joe Fabry, at the Kennedy University in Orinda. She also was chairperson of the speakers' programs of several World Congresses, especially the Fifth Congress in San Francisco. She authored several articles for The International Forum For Logotherapy. During the years when the Institute had an office in Berkeley, she was its head and arranged many meetings there. 
+She will be missed as a professional and as a friend. 
+61 
+ISSN 0190-3379 IFODL 21(1)1-64(1998) 
+The International Forum for 
+LOGOTHERAPY 
+Journal of Search for Meaning 

SOURCE_DOCUMENTS/journal_021_1.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Episodes, Anecdotes, and Memories of Viktor Frankl-
+the teacher, counselor, and human being Robert C. Barnes, Jacqueline Becker, Patti Havenga Coetzer, Laurence Robert Cohen, James C. Crumbaugh, Mignon Eisenberg, Joseph Fabry, Margaret Davis-Finck, 
+Will Finck, Robin Winchester Goodenough, Bianca & Warren Hirsch, Angela K. Hutzel!, Daisy L. Hutzel!, Vicki & R. R. Hutzell, Jim Lantz, Jerry L. Long, Jr. Ingrid Mazie, Carol Miller, Teria Shantall, Arunya Tuicomepee, Ann Graber Westermann, Robert Wilson, Paul T. P. Wong  
+Historical Frankl Articles From "Uniquest" A Psychiatrist Looks At Love Some Thoughts On the "Painful Wisdom" Meaning is Available to Everyone Turning Suffering Into A Triumph  50 54 55 59  
+Vera lieban Kalmar--A Tribute  61  
+
+Volume 21, Number 1 Spring 1998 
+ISSN 0190-337.9 IFODL 21(2)65-128(1998) 
+The International Forum for 
+.LOGOTHERAPY-
+Journal of Search for Meaning 
+
+The Application Of Logotherapy In Public Educ~tion 65 · Bianc Z. Hirsch Purposeful Goals Anet Alcoholic Recovery 72 Julia Ungar, David C. Hodgins, & Maria Ungar. · Logotherapy With Chronic Physical Illness Clients Jim Lantz -The Use Of Visib_le Metaphor In Logotherapy 85 .Cora Moore Meaning In Education: The Constructivist Teac;her 91 George E. Rice & Mitchell 8. Young The Hole Of Meaning In Stress Management 100 Arlen R. Salthouse A Phenomenological Analysis Of Suffering 111 Teria Shantall Recent Publications Of Interest To.Logotherapists 121 Mark Minear lnformationFor Authors 125