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Q1 | null | Literature on Cardiac amyloidosis. Please let me know where I can get literature on Cardiac amyloidosis. My uncle died yesterday from this disorder. Since this is such a rare disorder, and to honor his memory, I would like to distribute literature at his funeral service. I am a retired NIH employee, so I am familiar with the campus in case you have literature at NIH that I can come and pick up. Thank you | cardiac amyloidosis | information | Q1-S1-A1 | 1 | Cardiac amyloidosis is a disorder caused by deposits of an abnormal protein (amyloid) in the heart tissue. These deposits make it hard for the heart to work properly. |
Q1 | null | Literature on Cardiac amyloidosis. Please let me know where I can get literature on Cardiac amyloidosis. My uncle died yesterday from this disorder. Since this is such a rare disorder, and to honor his memory, I would like to distribute literature at his funeral service. I am a retired NIH employee, so I am familiar with the campus in case you have literature at NIH that I can come and pick up. Thank you | cardiac amyloidosis | information | Q1-S1-A2 | 2 | The term "amyloidosis" refers not to a single disease but to a collection of diseases in which a protein-based infiltrate deposits in tissues as beta-pleated sheets. The subtype of the disease is determined by which protein is depositing; although dozens of subtypes have been described, most are incredibly rare or of trivial importance. This analysis will focus on the main systemic forms of amyloidosis, both of which frequently involve the heart. |
Q2 | treatment options versus migraine types | Migraine seems to be a spectrum of conditions rather than only one easily diagnosed affliction. Many innovative migraine treatments are now in use, but it seems that each treatment only addresses a narrow set of conditions; for example, my daughter has tried many different treatment options (QEEG, HEG, TMS, topamax, ...) without success. Has any research been done to characterize which treatment types are effective against which migraine types? | migraine | treatment | Q2-S1-A1 | 3 | There is no specific cure for migraine headaches. The goal is to treat your migraine symptoms right away, and to prevent symptoms by avoiding or changing your triggers. A key step is learning how to manage your migraines at home. A headache diary can help you identify your headache triggers. Then you and your doctor can plan how to avoid these triggers. If you have frequent migraines, your doctor may prescribe medicine to reduce the number of attacks. You need to take the medicine every day for it to be effective. Medicines may include: - Antidepressants - Blood pressure medicines - Seizure medicines Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injections may also help reduce migraine attacks if they occur more than 15 days a month. Some people find relief with minerals and vitamins. Check with your doctor to see if riboflavin or magnesium are right for you. TREATING AN ATTACK Other medicines are taken at the first sign of a migraine attack. Over-the-counter (OTC) pain medicines, such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or aspirin are often helpful when your migraine is mild. Be aware that: - Taking medicines more than 3 days a week may lead to rebound headaches. These are headaches that keep coming back due to overuse of pain medicine. - Taking too much acetaminophen can damage your liver. - Too much ibuprofen or aspirin can irritate your stomach or kidneys. If these treatments do not help, ask your doctor about prescription medicines. These include nasal sprays, suppositories, or injections. Some migraine medicines narrow the blood vessels. If you are at risk for having a heart attack or have heart disease, talk with your doctor before using these medicines. Some migraine medicines should not be used by pregnant women. Talk with your doctor about which medicine is right for you if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. Other medicines treat symptoms of migraine, such as nausea and vomiting. They may be used alone or along with the other drugs that treat the migraine itself. Feverfew is a herb for migraines. It can be effective for some people. Before using feverfew, make sure your doctor approves. Herbal remedies sold in drugstores and health food stores are not regulated. Work with a trained herbalist when selecting herbs. |
Q2 | treatment options versus migraine types | Migraine seems to be a spectrum of conditions rather than only one easily diagnosed affliction. Many innovative migraine treatments are now in use, but it seems that each treatment only addresses a narrow set of conditions; for example, my daughter has tried many different treatment options (QEEG, HEG, TMS, topamax, ...) without success. Has any research been done to characterize which treatment types are effective against which migraine types? | migraine | treatment | Q2-S1-A2 | 4 | There is no absolute cure for migraine since its pathophysiology has yet to be fully understood. There are two ways to approach the treatment of migraine headache with drugs: prevent the attacks, or relieve the symptoms during the attacks. Prevention involves the use of medications and behavioral changes. Drugs originally developed for epilepsy, depression, or high blood pressure to prevent future attacks have been shown to be extremely effective in treating migraine. Botulinum toxin A has been shown to be effective in prevention of chronic migraine. Behaviorally, stress management strategies, such as exercise, relaxation techniques, biofeedback mechanisms, and other therapies designed to limit daily discomfort, may reduce the number and severity of migraine attacks. Making a log of personal triggers of migraine can also provide useful information for trigger-avoiding lifestyle changes, including dietary considerations, eating regularly scheduled meals with adequate hydration, stopping certain medications, and establishing a consistent sleep schedule. Hormone therapy may help some women whose migraines seem to be linked to their menstrual cycle. A weight loss program is recommended for obese individuals with migraine. Relief of symptoms, or acute treatments, during attacks consists of sumatriptan, ergotamine drugs, and analgesics such as ibuprofen and aspirin. The sooner these treatments are administered, the more effective they are. |
Q3 | null | DO I USE PYRIDOXINE TABLETS EVEN IF IM PREGNANT? | pyridoxine | contraindication | Q3-S1-A1 | 5 | Before taking pyridoxine, tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to pyridoxine or any other drugs. tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially levodopa (Larodopa, Sinemet), phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin), and other vitamins. tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking pyridoxine, call your doctor. |
Q4 | cramp | i have lymphoma what causes cramp after chemo treatment | cramp | cause | Q4-S1-A1 | 6 | Muscle cramps are common and often occur when a muscle is overused or injured. Working out when you have not had enough fluids (dehydration) or when you have low levels of minerals such as potassium or calcium can also make you more likely to have a muscle spasm. Muscle cramps can occur while you play tennis or golf, bowl, swim, or do any other exercise. They can also be triggered by: - Alcoholism - Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) - Kidney failure - Medications - Menstruation - Pregnancy |
Q5 | Retina | I wonder of new research and testing on macular degeneration and the opportunity to be part of this process. | macular degeneration | treatment | Q5-S1-A1 | 7 | These resources address the diagnosis or management of age-related macular degeneration: - BrightFocus Foundation: Macular Degeneration Treatment - Genetic Testing Registry: Age-related macular degeneration - Genetic Testing Registry: Age-related macular degeneration 1 - Genetic Testing Registry: Age-related macular degeneration 10 - Genetic Testing Registry: Age-related macular degeneration 11 - Genetic Testing Registry: Age-related macular degeneration 2 - Genetic Testing Registry: Age-related macular degeneration 3 - Genetic Testing Registry: Age-related macular degeneration 4 - Genetic Testing Registry: Age-related macular degeneration 7 - Genetic Testing Registry: Age-related macular degeneration 9 - Genetic Testing Registry: Susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration, wet type - Genetic Testing Registry: Susceptibility to neovascular type of age-related macular degeneration - Macular Degeneration Partnership: Low Vision Rehabilitation - Prevent Blindness America: Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Test - Amsler Grid These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care |
Q6 | hypothyroidism | Can you please send me as much information as possible on "hypothyroidism". I was recently diagnosed with the disease and I am struggling to figure out what it is and how I got it. My name and address is: [NAME] [LOCATION] [CONTACT] Thank you in advance for your help!!! | hypothyroidism | information | Q6-S1-A1 | 8 | Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone. This condition is often called underactive thyroid. |
Q6 | hypothyroidism | Can you please send me as much information as possible on "hypothyroidism". I was recently diagnosed with the disease and I am struggling to figure out what it is and how I got it. My name and address is: [NAME] [LOCATION] [CONTACT] Thank you in advance for your help!!! | hypothyroidism | information | Q6-S1-A2 | 9 | Summary Your thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in your neck, just above your collarbone. It is one of your endocrine glands, which make hormones. Thyroid hormones control the rate of many activities in your body. These include how fast you burn calories and how fast your heart beats. All of these activities are your body's metabolism. If your thyroid gland is not active enough, it does not make enough thyroid hormone to meet your body's needs. This condition is hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is more common in women, people with other thyroid problems, and those over 60 years old. Hashimoto's disease, an autoimmune disorder, is the most common cause. Other causes include thyroid nodules, thyroiditis, congenital hypothyroidism, surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid, radiation treatment of the thyroid, and some medicines. The symptoms can vary from person to person. They may include - Fatigue - Weight gain - A puffy face - Cold intolerance - Joint and muscle pain - Constipation - Dry skin - Dry, thinning hair - Decreased sweating - Heavy or irregular menstrual periods and fertility problems - Depression - Slowed heart rate To diagnose hypothyroidism, your doctor will look at your symptoms and blood tests. Treatment is with synthetic thyroid hormone, taken every day. NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases |
Q6 | hypothyroidism | Can you please send me as much information as possible on "hypothyroidism". I was recently diagnosed with the disease and I am struggling to figure out what it is and how I got it. My name and address is: [NAME] [LOCATION] [CONTACT] Thank you in advance for your help!!! | hypothyroidism | information | Q6-S1-A3 | 10 | Hypothyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone to meet the body’s needs. Thyroid hormone regulates metabolism—the way the body uses energy—and affects nearly every organ in the body. Without enough thyroid hormone, many of the body’s functions slow down. About 4.6 percent of the U.S. population age 12 and older has hypothyroidism.1 |
Q6 | hypothyroidism | Can you please send me as much information as possible on "hypothyroidism". I was recently diagnosed with the disease and I am struggling to figure out what it is and how I got it. My name and address is: [NAME] [LOCATION] [CONTACT] Thank you in advance for your help!!! | hypothyroidism | cause | Q6-S2-A1 | 12 | The thyroid gland is an important organ of the endocrine system. It is located at the front of the neck, just above where your collarbones meet. The thyroid makes hormones that control the way every cell in the body uses energy. This process is called metabolism. Hypothyroidism is more common in women and people over age 50. The most common cause of hypothyroidism is thyroiditis. Swelling and inflammation damage the thyroid gland's cells. Causes of this problem include: - The immune system attacking the thyroid gland - Viral infections (common cold) or other respiratory infections - Pregnancy (often called postpartum thyroiditis) Other causes of hypothyroidism include: - Certain medicines, such as lithium and amiodarone - Congenital (birth) defects - Radiation treatments to the neck or brain to treat different cancers - Radioactive iodine used to treat an overactive thyroid gland - Surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland - Sheehan syndrome, a condition that may occur in a woman who bleeds severely during pregnancy or childbirth and causes the destruction of the pituitary gland - Pituitary tumor or pituitary surgery |
Q6 | hypothyroidism | Can you please send me as much information as possible on "hypothyroidism". I was recently diagnosed with the disease and I am struggling to figure out what it is and how I got it. My name and address is: [NAME] [LOCATION] [CONTACT] Thank you in advance for your help!!! | hypothyroidism | cause | Q6-S2-A2 | 13 | Hypothyroidism has several causes, including - Hashimoto’s disease - thyroiditis, or inflammation of the thyroid - congenital hypothyroidism, or hypothyroidism that is present at birth - surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid - radiation treatment of the thyroid - some medications Less commonly, hypothyroidism is caused by too much or too little iodine in the diet or by abnormalities of the pituitary gland. Hashimoto’s Disease Hashimoto’s disease, also called chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States.1 Hashimoto’s disease is a form of chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland. Hashimoto’s disease is also an autoimmune disorder. Normally, the immune system protects the body against foreign invaders—such as viruses and bacteria—that can cause illness. But in autoimmune diseases, the immune system attacks the body’s own cells and organs. With Hashimoto’s disease, the immune system attacks the thyroid, causing inflammation and interfering with its ability to produce thyroid hormones. More information is provided in the NIDDK health topic, Hashimoto’s Disease. Thyroiditis Thyroiditis causes stored thyroid hormone to leak out of the thyroid gland. At first, the leakage raises hormone levels in the blood, leading to hyperthyroidism—when thyroid hormone levels are too high––that lasts for 1 or 2 months. Most people then develop hypothyroidism before the thyroid is completely healed. Several types of thyroiditis can cause hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism: - Subacute thyroiditis. This condition involves painful inflammation and enlargement of the thyroid. Experts are not sure what causes subacute thyroiditis, but it may be related to a viral or bacterial infection. The condition usually goes away on its own in a few months. - Postpartum thyroiditis. This type of thyroiditis develops after a woman gives birth. For more information, see the section titled “What happens with pregnancy and thyroid conditions?” - Silent thyroiditis. This type of thyroiditis is called “silent” because it is painless, as is postpartum thyroiditis, even though the thyroid may be enlarged. Like postpartum thyroiditis, silent thyroiditis is probably an autoimmune condition and sometimes develops into permanent hypothyroidism. Congenital Hypothyroidism Some babies are born with a thyroid that is not fully developed or does not function properly. If untreated, congenital hypothyroidism can lead to mental retardation and growth failure. Early treatment can prevent these complications, so most newborns in the United States are screened for hypothyroidism. Surgical Removal of the Thyroid When part of the thyroid is removed, the remaining part may produce normal amounts of thyroid hormone, but some people who have this surgery develop hypothyroidism. Removal of the entire thyroid always results in hypothyroidism. Part or all of the thyroid may be surgically removed as a treatment for - hyperthyroidism - a large goiter, which is an enlarged thyroid that may cause the neck to appear swollen and can interfere with normal breathing and swallowing - thyroid nodules, which are noncancerous tumors, called adenomas, or lumps in the thyroid that can produce excess thyroid hormone - thyroid cancer Radiation Treatment of the Thyroid Radioactive iodine, a common treatment for hyperthyroidism, gradually destroys the cells of the thyroid. Most people who receive radioactive iodine treatment eventually develop hypothyroidism. People with Hodgkin’s disease, other lymphomas, and head or neck cancers are treated with radiation, which can also damage the thyroid. Medications Some drugs can interfere with thyroid hormone production and lead to hypothyroidism, including - amiodarone, a heart medication - interferon alpha, a cancer medication - lithium, a bipolar disorder medication - interleukin-2, a kidney cancer medication |
Q7 | help about rabbies | A street dog bit me five years ago, I take all the vaccine from very next day from biting, now on that spot where bite there was etching problem since few day, please guide me is there any problem will create in future if create is there any treatment for rabies. | rabies | treatment | Q7-S1-A1 | 14 | Clean the wound well with soap and water, and seek professional medical help. You will need a doctor to thoroughly clean the wound and remove any foreign objects. Most of the time, stitches should not be used for animal bite wounds. If there is any risk of rabies, you will be given a series of a preventive vaccine. The vaccine is generally given in 5 doses over 28 days. Most patients also receive a treatment called human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG). This treatment is given the day the bite occurred. Call your doctor right away after an animal bite or after being exposed to animals such as bats, foxes, and skunks. They may carry rabies. - Call even when no bite took place. - Immunization and treatment for possible rabies are recommended for at least up to 14 days after exposure or a bite. There is no known effective treatment for people with symptoms of a rabies infection, but there have been a few reports of people surviving with experimental treatments. |
Q8 | null | Dear Sir/Madam I'm [NAME] from [LOCATION], I'm 35 years old , I'd like to ask you a Medical Question as I've got an optic nerve atrophy in my eye and i lost my vision since i was 8 years old , Now I've got one eye just , So please is there treatment for optic nerve atrophy ! Please see the attachment which is a Medical report from [LOCATION], Best Wishes [NAME] | optic nerve atrophy | treatment | Q8-S1-A1 | 15 | Damage from optic nerve atrophy cannot be reversed. The underlying disease must be found and treated. Otherwise, vision loss will continue. Rarely, conditions that lead to optic atrophy may be treatable. |
Q9 | Night Blindness | When and how do you know when you have congenital night blindness? | congenital night blindness | symptom | Q9-S1-A1 | 16 | X-linked congenital stationary night blindness is a disorder of the retina, which is the specialized tissue at the back of the eye that detects light and color. People with this condition typically have difficulty seeing in low light (night blindness). They also have other vision problems, including loss of sharpness (reduced acuity), severe nearsightedness (high myopia), involuntary movements of the eyes (nystagmus), and eyes that do not look in the same direction (strabismus). Color vision is typically not affected by this disorder. The vision problems associated with this condition are congenital, which means they are present from birth. They tend to remain stable (stationary) over time. Researchers have identified two major types of X-linked congenital stationary night blindness: the complete form and the incomplete form. The types have very similar signs and symptoms. However, everyone with the complete form has night blindness, while not all people with the incomplete form have night blindness. The types are distinguished by their genetic cause and by the results of a test called an electroretinogram, which measures the function of the retina.
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Q10 | null | Would appreciate any good info on Lewy Body Dementia, we need to get people aware of this dreadful disease, all they talk about is alzheimers. Thank you | lewy body dementia | information | Q10-S1-A1 | 17 | Summary Lewy body disease is one of the most common causes of dementia in the elderly. Dementia is the loss of mental functions severe enough to affect normal activities and relationships. Lewy body disease happens when abnormal structures, called Lewy bodies, build up in areas of the brain. The disease may cause a wide range of symptoms, including - Changes in alertness and attention - Hallucinations - Problems with movement and posture - Muscle stiffness - Confusion - Loss of memory Lewy body disease can be hard to diagnose, because Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease cause similar symptoms. Scientists think that Lewy body disease might be related to these diseases, or that they sometimes happen together. Lewy body disease usually begins between the ages of 50 and 85. The disease gets worse over time. There is no cure. Treatment focuses on drugs to help symptoms. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |
Q10 | null | Would appreciate any good info on Lewy Body Dementia, we need to get people aware of this dreadful disease, all they talk about is alzheimers. Thank you | lewy body dementia | information | Q10-S1-A2 | 18 | Lewy body dementia is one of the most common forms of progressive dementia. People affected by this condition may experience a variety of symptoms such as changes in alertness and attention; hallucinations; problems with movement and posture; muscle stiffness; confusion; and/or memory loss. Although the exact cause of Lewy body dementia is poorly understood, symptoms are thought to result when clumps of a protein called alpha-synuclein ("Lewy bodies") accumulate in the brain. Lewy body dementia usually occurs sporadically in people with no family history of the condition. Rarely, more than one family member may be affected. There is currently no cure for Lewy body dementia; however, medications may be available to help manage the associated symptoms. |
Q11 | Maple Syrup Urine Disease | Gene changes or chromosomal changes of MSUD? What is the technical and simple language of MSUD? Are there any treatments for MSUD? | maple syrup urine disease | genetic changes | Q11-S1-A1 | 19 | Mutations in the BCKDHA, BCKDHB, and DBT genes can cause maple syrup urine disease. These three genes provide instructions for making proteins that work together as a complex. The protein complex is essential for breaking down the amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine, which are present in many kinds of food, particularly protein-rich foods such as milk, meat, and eggs. Mutations in any of these three genes reduce or eliminate the function of the protein complex, preventing the normal breakdown of leucine, isoleucine, and valine. As a result, these amino acids and their byproducts build up in the body. Because high levels of these substances are toxic to the brain and other organs, their accumulation leads to the serious health problems associated with maple syrup urine disease. |
Q11 | Maple Syrup Urine Disease | Gene changes or chromosomal changes of MSUD? What is the technical and simple language of MSUD? Are there any treatments for MSUD? | maple syrup urine disease | treatment | Q11-S2-A1 | 20 | When the condition is diagnosed, and during episodes, treatment involves eating a protein-free diet. Fluids, sugars, and sometimes fats are given through a vein (IV). Dialysis through your belly or a vein can be done to reduce the level of abnormal substances in your blood. Long-term treatment requires a special diet. For infants, the diet includes a formula with low levels of the amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. People with this condition must remain on a diet low in these amino acids for life. It is very important to always follow this diet to prevent nervous system (neurological) damage. This requires frequent blood tests and close supervision by a registered dietitian and physician, as well as cooperation by parents of children with the condition. |
Q12 | congenital diaphragmatic hernia | I need to know if CDH can be passed down to future generations. I just learned that this condition most likely caused the death of my first child back in 1971. I was then told it was merely a fluke. I had NO trauma during the full-term pregnancy, and I and my then husband were in very good health. Now my son (from a different husband) and his wife are due to have fraternal twins in [DATE] 2015. Does the term 'congenital' mean that it could be passed down to another generation? I do not want to alarm my son and his wife. I just would like to inform whatever pediatrician is caring for these babies as to my experience. Unfortunately my son and I are estranged. And I do not know who is their pediatrician. My child's CDH was very severe. I know there are far less severe cases that can go undetected &/or undiagnosed unless there is a reason to suspect such a condition. Please respond to my concerns. | cdh | inheritance | Q12-S1-A1 | 21 | Isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia is rarely inherited. In almost all cases, there is only one affected individual in a family. When congenital diaphragmatic hernia occurs as a feature of a genetic syndrome or chromosomal abnormality, it may cluster in families according to the inheritance pattern for that condition. |
Q13 | about thalassemia treatment | sir,my friend is suffering from thalassemia ,in that majorly red blood anemia,white blood anemia and the blood is comming out from mouth when she got cough .her condition is very severe .in her body the red ,white blood cells are abscent .so that blood transfusion is doing for every 16-20days.then in the recent days the blood also comming out from mouth please tell me where can i get the treatment for this disease .we can travel around the world for treatment please reply me as soon as possible. thank you sir. | thalassemia | treatment | Q13-S1-A1 | 23 | Treatment for thalassemia major often involves regular blood transfusions and folate supplements. If you receive blood transfusions, you should not take iron supplements. Doing so can cause a high amount of iron to build up in the body, which can be harmful. Persons who receive a lot of blood transfusions need a treatment called chelation therapy. This is done to remove excess iron from the body. A bone marrow transplant may help treat the disease in some patients, especially children. |
Q14 | insomnia | What can I give my [AGE] father to help him sleep? He said he will take whatever. He is not on any medication, not allergic to anything. Fully ambilatory! | insomnia | treatment | Q14-S1-A1 | 25 | Lifestyle changes often can help relieve acute (short-term) insomnia. These changes might make it easier to fall asleep and stay asleep. A type of counseling called cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can help relieve the anxiety linked to chronic (ongoing) insomnia. Anxiety tends to prolong insomnia. Several medicines also can help relieve insomnia and re-establish a regular sleep schedule. However, if your insomnia is the symptom or side effect of another problem, it's important to treat the underlying cause (if possible). Lifestyle Changes If you have insomnia, avoid substances that make it worse, such as: Caffeine, tobacco, and other stimulants. The effects of these substances can last as long as 8 hours. Certain over-the-counter and prescription medicines that can disrupt sleep (for example, some cold and allergy medicines). Talk with your doctor about which medicines won't disrupt your sleep. Alcohol. An alcoholic drink before bedtime might make it easier for you to fall asleep. However, alcohol triggers sleep that tends to be lighter than normal. This makes it more likely that you will wake up during the night. Try to adopt bedtime habits that make it easier to fall asleep and stay asleep. Follow a routine that helps you wind down and relax before bed. For example, read a book, listen to soothing music, or take a hot bath. Try to schedule your daily exercise at least 5 to 6 hours before going to bed. Don't eat heavy meals or drink a lot before bedtime. Make your bedroom sleep-friendly. Avoid bright lighting while winding down. Try to limit possible distractions, such as a TV, computer, or pet. Make sure the temperature of your bedroom is cool and comfortable. Your bedroom also should be dark and quiet. Go to sleep around the same time each night and wake up around the same time each morning, even on weekends. If you can, avoid night shifts, alternating schedules, or other things that may disrupt your sleep schedule. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy CBT for insomnia targets the thoughts and actions that can disrupt sleep. This therapy encourages good sleep habits and uses several methods to relieve sleep anxiety. For example, relaxation techniques and biofeedback are used to reduce anxiety. These strategies help you better control your breathing, heart rate, muscles, and mood. CBT also aims to replace sleep anxiety with more positive thinking that links being in bed with being asleep. This method also teaches you what to do if you're unable to fall asleep within a reasonable time. CBT also may involve talking with a therapist one-on-one or in group sessions to help you consider your thoughts and feelings about sleep. This method may encourage you to describe thoughts racing through your mind in terms of how they look, feel, and sound. The goal is for your mind to settle down and stop racing. CBT also focuses on limiting the time you spend in bed while awake. This method involves setting a sleep schedule. At first, you will limit your total time in bed to the typical short length of time you're usually asleep. This schedule might make you even more tired because some of the allotted time in bed will be taken up by problems falling asleep. However, the resulting tiredness is intended to help you get to sleep more quickly. Over time, the length of time spent in bed is increased until you get a full night of sleep. For success with CBT, you may need to see a therapist who is skilled in this approach weekly over 2 to 3 months. CBT works as well as prescription medicine for many people who have chronic insomnia. It also may provide better long-term relief than medicine alone. For people who have insomnia and major depressive disorder, CBT combined with antidepression medicines has shown promise in relieving both conditions. Medicines Prescription Medicines Many prescription medicines are used to treat insomnia. Some are meant for short-term use, while others are meant for longer use. Talk to your doctor about the benefits and side effects of insomnia medicines. For example, insomnia medicines can help you fall asleep, but you may feel groggy in the morning after taking them. Rare side effects of these medicines include sleep eating, sleep walking, or driving while asleep. If you have side effects from an insomnia medicine, or if it doesn't work well, tell your doctor. He or she might prescribe a different medicine. Some insomnia medicines can be habit forming. Ask your doctor about the benefits and risks of insomnia medicines. Over-the-Counter Products Some over-the-counter (OTC) products claim to treat insomnia. These products include melatonin, L-tryptophan supplements, and valerian teas or extracts. The Food and Drug Administration doesn't regulate “natural” products and some food supplements. Thus, the dose and purity of these substances can vary. How well these products work and how safe they are isn't well understood. Some OTC products that contain antihistamines are sold as sleep aids. Although these products might make you sleepy, talk to your doctor before taking them. Antihistamines pose risks for some people. Also, these products may not offer the best treatment for your insomnia. Your doctor can advise you whether these products will benefit you. |
Q15 | You know Diabetes Insipidus? | I was born with Diabetes Insipidus and have many problems since the cell was removed when I was 22 and ALL | diabetes insipidus | information | Q15-S1-A1 | 26 | Diabetes insipidus is an uncommon condition in which the kidneys are unable to prevent the excretion of water. |
Q15 | You know Diabetes Insipidus? | I was born with Diabetes Insipidus and have many problems since the cell was removed when I was 22 and ALL | diabetes insipidus | information | Q15-S1-A2 | 27 | Summary Diabetes insipidus (DI) causes frequent urination. You become extremely thirsty, so you drink. Then you urinate. This cycle can keep you from sleeping or even make you wet the bed. Your body produces lots of urine that is almost all water. DI is different from diabetes mellitus (DM), which involves insulin problems and high blood sugar. The symptoms can be similar. However, DI is related to how your kidneys handle fluids. It's much less common than DM. Urine and blood tests can show which one you have. Usually, DI is caused by a problem with your pituitary gland or your kidneys. Treatment depends on the cause of the problem. Medicines can often help. NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases |
Q15 | You know Diabetes Insipidus? | I was born with Diabetes Insipidus and have many problems since the cell was removed when I was 22 and ALL | diabetes insipidus | information | Q15-S1-A3 | 30 | Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare disease that causes frequent urination. The large volume of urine is diluted, mostly water. To make up for lost water, a person with DI may feel the need to drink large amounts and is likely to urinate frequently, even at night, which can disrupt sleep and, on occasion, cause bedwetting. Because of the excretion of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine, people with DI may quickly become dehydrated if they do not drink enough water. Children with DI may be irritable or listless and may have fever, vomiting, or diarrhea. Milder forms of DI can be managed by drinking enough water, usually between 2 and 2.5 liters a day. DI severe enough to endanger a person's health is rare. |
Q16 | Anal Fissure | I may have a couple anal fissures and looking to speak with someone to get some information and support. | anal fissures | information | Q16-S1-A1 | 36 | An anal fissure is a small split or tear in the thin moist tissue (mucosa) lining the lower rectum (anus). |
Q17 | ClinicalTrials.gov - Question - general information | Hello, my dad, 68 years old, has gastritis, it did ache occasionally over the last several years. The other day, he went to hospital to have medical check-up with endoscopic ultrasonography, and found GIST with about 1cm in size. Doctor told him that he may consider surgery or not, it is up to him. What are we supposed to do? will it develop to bad condition? any suggestions? I 'm looking forward to your early reply. Thank you so much. | gist | information | Q17-S1-A1 | 37 | A gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a type of tumor that occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly in the stomach or small intestine. The tumors are thought to grow from specialized cells found in the gastrointestinal tract called interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) or precursors to these cells. GISTs are usually found in adults between ages 40 and 70; rarely, children and young adults develop these tumors. The tumors can be cancerous (malignant) or noncancerous (benign). Small tumors may cause no signs or symptoms. However, some people with GISTs may experience pain or swelling in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, or weight loss. Sometimes, tumors cause bleeding, which may lead to low red blood cell counts (anemia) and, consequently, weakness and tiredness. Bleeding into the intestinal tract may cause black and tarry stools, and bleeding into the throat or stomach may cause vomiting of blood. Affected individuals with no family history of GIST typically have only one tumor (called a sporadic GIST). People with a family history of GISTs (called familial GISTs) often have multiple tumors and additional signs or symptoms, including noncancerous overgrowth (hyperplasia) of other cells in the gastrointestinal tract and patches of dark skin on various areas of the body. Some affected individuals have a skin condition called urticaria pigmentosa (also known as cutaneous mastocytosis), which is characterized by raised patches of brownish skin that sting or itch when touched. |
Q17 | ClinicalTrials.gov - Question - general information | Hello, my dad, 68 years old, has gastritis, it did ache occasionally over the last several years. The other day, he went to hospital to have medical check-up with endoscopic ultrasonography, and found GIST with about 1cm in size. Doctor told him that he may consider surgery or not, it is up to him. What are we supposed to do? will it develop to bad condition? any suggestions? I 'm looking forward to your early reply. Thank you so much. | gist | treatment | Q17-S2-A1 | 38 | For patients with primary, localized gastrointestinal stromal tumors, surgery with complete excision is the treatment of choice.[1] However, surgery has limited efficacy in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors. These tumors are also resistant to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In the pre-imatinib era, the 5-year survival rate after the surgical resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors was only 43%–80% as there was really no efficient method to cure the disease.[2] The addition of imatinib as part of the treatment of unresectable or recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumors has improved the management of this condition and resulted in improved patient survival.[1][2] Last updated: 4/27/2010 FDA-Approved Treatments The medication(s) listed below have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as orphan products for treatment of this condition. Learn more orphan products. Imatinib mesylate (Brand name: Gleevec®) - Manufactured by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp. FDA-approved indication: Treatment of patients with Kit (CD117) positive unresectable and/or metastatic malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal Regorafenib (Brand name: Stivarga) - Manufactured by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc. FDA-approved indication: Treatment of patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) who have been previously treated with imatinib mesylate and sunitinib malate. National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal Medline Plus Health Information Pazopanib (Brand name: Votrient) - Manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline FDA-approved indication: Advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) who have received prior chemotherapy. National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal Medline Plus Health Information |
Q18 | Help for my diagnose | I have been diagnosed with SCA3. I was wondering if MedlinePlus is able to help me with resources that I may need on my journey through this disease? If not, can you help me find an organization or association that can help me. | sca3 | information | Q18-S1-A1 | 39 | Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a condition characterized by progressive problems with movement. People with this condition initially experience problems with coordination and balance (ataxia). Other early signs and symptoms of SCA3 include speech difficulties, uncontrolled muscle tensing (dystonia), muscle stiffness (spasticity), rigidity, tremors, bulging eyes, and double vision. People with this condition may experience sleep disorders such as restless leg syndrome or REM sleep behavior disorder. Restless leg syndrome is a condition characterized by numbness or tingling in the legs accompanied by an urge to move the legs to stop the sensations. REM sleep behavior disorder is a condition in which the muscles are active during the dream (REM) stage of sleep, so an affected person often acts out his or her dreams. These sleep disorders tend to leave affected individuals feeling tired during the day. Over time, individuals with SCA3 may develop loss of sensation and weakness in the limbs (peripheral neuropathy), muscle cramps, muscle twitches (fasciculations), and swallowing difficulties. Individuals with SCA3 may have problems with memory, planning, and problem solving. Signs and symptoms of the disorder typically begin in mid-adulthood but can appear anytime from childhood to late adulthood. People with SCA3 eventually require wheelchair assistance. They usually survive 10 to 20 years after symptoms first appear. |
Q18 | Help for my diagnose | I have been diagnosed with SCA3. I was wondering if MedlinePlus is able to help me with resources that I may need on my journey through this disease? If not, can you help me find an organization or association that can help me. | sca3 | resources | Q18-S2-A1 | 40 | Additional Information & Resources MedlinePlus (4 links) Encyclopedia: Movement--Uncoordinated Health Topic: Balance Problems Health Topic: Cerebellar Disorders Health Topic: Movement Disorders Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (1 link) Spinocerebellar ataxia 3 Additional NIH Resources (1 link) National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: Ataxias and Cerebellar or Spinocerebellar Degeneration Information Page Educational Resources (6 links) Disease InfoSearch: Spinocerebellar ataxia 3 Johns Hopkins Medicine Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery: What is Ataxia? MalaCards: machado-joseph disease Merck Manual Home Edition for Patients and Caregivers: Coordination Disorders National Ataxia Foundation: Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 (PDF) Washington University, St. Louis: Neuromuscular Disease Center Patient Support and Advocacy Resources (4 links) Family Caregiver Alliance National Ataxia Foundation National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD): Autosomal Dominant Hereditary Ataxia University of Kansas Medical Center Resource List: Ataxia GeneReviews (1 link) Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 ClinicalTrials.gov (1 link) ClinicalTrials.gov Scientific Articles on PubMed (1 link) PubMed OMIM (1 link) MACHADO-JOSEPH DISEASE |
Q19 | ClinicalTrials.gov - Question - general information | how do I get help with my migraines a have bad cluster migraines. | migraines | treatment | Q19-S1-A1 | 41 | There is no specific cure for migraine headaches. The goal is to treat your migraine symptoms right away, and to prevent symptoms by avoiding or changing your triggers. A key step is learning how to manage your migraines at home. A headache diary can help you identify your headache triggers. Then you and your doctor can plan how to avoid these triggers. If you have frequent migraines, your doctor may prescribe medicine to reduce the number of attacks. You need to take the medicine every day for it to be effective. Medicines may include: - Antidepressants - Blood pressure medicines - Seizure medicines Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injections may also help reduce migraine attacks if they occur more than 15 days a month. Some people find relief with minerals and vitamins. Check with your doctor to see if riboflavin or magnesium are right for you. TREATING AN ATTACK Other medicines are taken at the first sign of a migraine attack. Over-the-counter (OTC) pain medicines, such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or aspirin are often helpful when your migraine is mild. Be aware that: - Taking medicines more than 3 days a week may lead to rebound headaches. These are headaches that keep coming back due to overuse of pain medicine. - Taking too much acetaminophen can damage your liver. - Too much ibuprofen or aspirin can irritate your stomach or kidneys. If these treatments do not help, ask your doctor about prescription medicines. These include nasal sprays, suppositories, or injections. Some migraine medicines narrow the blood vessels. If you are at risk for having a heart attack or have heart disease, talk with your doctor before using these medicines. Some migraine medicines should not be used by pregnant women. Talk with your doctor about which medicine is right for you if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. Other medicines treat symptoms of migraine, such as nausea and vomiting. They may be used alone or along with the other drugs that treat the migraine itself. Feverfew is a herb for migraines. It can be effective for some people. Before using feverfew, make sure your doctor approves. Herbal remedies sold in drugstores and health food stores are not regulated. Work with a trained herbalist when selecting herbs. |
Q20 | know more of Congenital Heart Disease | know more of Congenital Heart Disease | congenital heart disease | information | Q20-S1-A1 | 42 | Congenital heart disease is a problem with the heart's structure and function that is present at birth. |
Q21 | Osteoarthritis | Are there any researches indicating how early an individual may experience any signs or symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis? | rheumatoid arthritis | symptom | Q21-S1-A1 | 46 | Most of the time, RA affects joints on both sides of the body equally. Wrists, fingers, knees, feet, and ankles are the most commonly affected. The disease often begins slowly. Early symptoms may include minor joint pain, stiffness, and fatigue. Joint symptoms may include: - Morning stiffness, which lasts more than 1 hour, is common. Joints may feel warm, tender, and stiff when not used for an hour. - Joint pain is often felt on the same joint on both sides of the body. - Over time, joints may lose their range of motion and may become deformed. Other symptoms include: - Chest pain when taking a breath (pleurisy) - Dry eyes and mouth (Sjogren syndrome) - Eye burning, itching, and discharge - Nodules under the skin (usually a sign of more severe disease) - Numbness, tingling, or burning in the hands and feet - Sleep difficulties |
Q21 | Osteoarthritis | Are there any researches indicating how early an individual may experience any signs or symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis? | rheumatoid arthritis | symptom | Q21-S1-A2 | 47 | Swelling and Pain in the Joints Different types of arthritis have different symptoms. In general, people with most forms of arthritis have pain and stiffness in their joints. Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by inflammation of the joint lining. This inflammation causes warmth, redness, swelling, and pain around the joints. A person also feels sick, tired, and sometimes feverish. Rheumatoid arthritis generally occurs in a symmetrical pattern. If one knee or hand is affected, the other one is also likely to be affected. Diagnostic Tests Rheumatoid arthritis can be difficult to diagnose in its early stages for several reasons. There is no single test for the disease. In addition, symptoms differ from person to person and can be more severe in some people than in others. Common tests for rheumatoid arthritis include - The rheumatoid factor test. Rheumatoid factor is an antibody that is present eventually in the blood of most people with rheumatoid arthritis However, not all people with rheumatoid arthritis test positive for rheumatoid factor, especially early in the disease. Also, some people who do test positive never develop the disease. The rheumatoid factor test. Rheumatoid factor is an antibody that is present eventually in the blood of most people with rheumatoid arthritis However, not all people with rheumatoid arthritis test positive for rheumatoid factor, especially early in the disease. Also, some people who do test positive never develop the disease. - The citrulline antibody test. This blood test detects antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP). This test is positive in most people with rheumatoid arthritis and can even be positive years before rheumatoid arthritis symptoms develop. When used with the rheumatoid factor test, the citrulline antibody test results are very useful in confirming a rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis. The citrulline antibody test. This blood test detects antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP). This test is positive in most people with rheumatoid arthritis and can even be positive years before rheumatoid arthritis symptoms develop. When used with the rheumatoid factor test, the citrulline antibody test results are very useful in confirming a rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis. Other common tests for rheumatoid arthritis include - the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which indicates the presence of inflammation in the body - a test for white blood cell count and - a blood test for anemia. the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which indicates the presence of inflammation in the body a test for white blood cell count and a blood test for anemia. Diagnosis Can Take Time Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis can be similar to those of other types of arthritis and joint conditions, and it may take some time to rule out other conditions. The full range of symptoms develops over time, and only a few symptoms may be present in the early stages. Learn more about how rheumatoid arthritis is diagnosed. |
Q21 | Osteoarthritis | Are there any researches indicating how early an individual may experience any signs or symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis? | rheumatoid arthritis | symptom | Q21-S1-A3 | 48 | Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by inflammation of the joint lining. This inflammation causes warmth, redness, swelling, and pain around the joints. The pain of rheumatoid arthritis varies greatly from person to person, for reasons that doctors do not yet understand completely. Factors that contribute to the pain include swelling within the joint, the amount of heat or redness present, or damage that has occurred within the joint. |
Q22 | null | Genetic testing. My mother in law is in the last stage if lung cancer and only has days to live. My question is...testing her and comparing her tests with my husbands and his sisters test help to determine if it is genetic? My mother in law ([NAME]) and her mother and her mithers sister both had lung cancer and none if them were smokers. I'm real worried about my husband getting lung cancer now and I want find out what we can do to protect him.Thank you,[NAME] | lung cancer | prevention | Q22-S1-A1 | 49 | If you smoke, now is the time to quit. If you are having trouble quitting, talk with your doctor. There are many methods to help you quit, from support groups to prescription medicines. Also, try to avoid secondhand smoke. |
Q23 | oleander poisoning | If oleandor was ingested by touching the plant stems inner part and then directly eating without washing hands, how long would u exspect symptoms would start? And how severe would you say symptoms may get. | oleander poisoning | symptom | Q23-S1-A1 | 50 | Eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and throat: - Blurred vision - Vision disturbances, including halos Gastrointestinal: - Diarrhea - Loss of appetite - Nausea - Stomach pain - Vomiting Heart and blood: - Irregular or slow heartbeat - Low blood pressure - Weakness Nervous system: - Confusion - Death - Depression - Disorientation - Dizziness - Drowsiness - Fainting - Headache - Lethargy Skin: - Hives - Rash Note: Depression, loss of appetite, and halos are usually only seen in chronic overdose cases. |
Q24 | I have no help its about 4 years now I have ingrown toenail | i have a problem of ingrown toenail its about 4 years now I have this problem i need help | ingrown toenail | treatment | Q24-S1-A1 | 51 | If you have diabetes, nerve damage in the leg or foot, poor blood circulation to your foot, or an infection around the nail, go to the doctor right away. Do not try to treat an ingrown nail at home. Otherwise, to treat an ingrown nail at home: - Soak the foot in warm water 3 to 4 times a day if possible. After soaking, keep the toe dry. - Gently massage over the inflamed skin. - Place a small piece of cotton or dental floss under the nail. Wet the cotton with water or antiseptic. When trimming your toenails: - Briefly soak your foot in warm water to soften the nail. - Use a clean, sharp trimmer. - Trim toenails straight across the top. Do not taper or round the corners or trim too short. Do not try to cut out the ingrown portion of the nail yourself. This will only make the problem worse. Consider wearing sandals until the problem goes away. Over-the-counter medicine that is applied to the ingrown toenail may help with the pain, but it does not treat the problem. If this does not work and the ingrown nail gets worse, see your family doctor, a foot specialist (podiatrist) or a skin specialist (dermatologist). If your ingrown nail does not heal or keeps coming back, your doctor may remove part of the nail: - Numbing medicine is first injected into the toe. - The doctor uses scissors to cut along the edge of the nail where the skin is growing over. This portion of the nail is removed. This procedure is called a partial nail avulsion. - It takes 2 to 4 months for the nail to regrow. Sometimes your doctor will use a chemical, electrical current, or another small surgical cut to destroy or remove the area from which a new nail may grow. If the toe is infected, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics. |
Q25 | ClinicalTrials.gov - General Complaint | Dear sir/ madam. I am a patient suffering from Friedreich's ataxia and i heard there was a medicine for it. In 2009 and since we are looking for the medicine kindly help on this and I have DNA report could You please help us on this as there are two people respective age 22 years and 24 years suffering from it. Looking for your help on this ASAP and please let us know when the medicine will be there in market and attaching two files for your reference | friedreich's ataxia | treatment | Q25-S1-A1 | 52 | Treatment for Friedreich ataxia includes: - Counseling - Speech therapy - Physical therapy - Walking aids or wheelchairs Orthopedic devices (braces) may be needed for scoliosis and foot problems. Treating heart disease and diabetes help people live longer and improve their quality of life. |
Q25 | ClinicalTrials.gov - General Complaint | Dear sir/ madam. I am a patient suffering from Friedreich's ataxia and i heard there was a medicine for it. In 2009 and since we are looking for the medicine kindly help on this and I have DNA report could You please help us on this as there are two people respective age 22 years and 24 years suffering from it. Looking for your help on this ASAP and please let us know when the medicine will be there in market and attaching two files for your reference | friedreich's ataxia | treatment | Q25-S1-A2 | 53 | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Friedreich ataxia: - Friedreich's Ataxia Research Alliance: Clinical Care Guidelines - Gene Review: Gene Review: Friedreich Ataxia - Genetic Testing Registry: Friedreich ataxia 1 - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Friedreich's Ataxia - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: Friedreich's Ataxia Fact Sheet These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care |
Q25 | ClinicalTrials.gov - General Complaint | Dear sir/ madam. I am a patient suffering from Friedreich's ataxia and i heard there was a medicine for it. In 2009 and since we are looking for the medicine kindly help on this and I have DNA report could You please help us on this as there are two people respective age 22 years and 24 years suffering from it. Looking for your help on this ASAP and please let us know when the medicine will be there in market and attaching two files for your reference | friedreich's ataxia | treatment | Q25-S1-A3 | 54 | There is currently no effective cure or treatment for Friedreich's ataxia. However, many of the symptoms and accompanying complications can be treated to help individuals maintain optimal functioning as long as possible. Diabetes and heart problems can be treated with medications. Orthopedic problems such as foot deformities and scoliosis can be treated with braces or surgery. Physical therapy may prolong use of the arms and legs. |
Q26 | null | article defining 'conversion disorder' In your article defining 'conversion disorder', [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000954.htm] , the quote "Conversion disorder is a mental health condition in which a person has blindness paralysis, or other nervous system (neurologic) symptoms that cannot be explained be medical evaluation" , seemed to imply that the physical symptoms were valid as proving to be valid, but however the doctor could not 'figure' out why,.....but when I went to another source, another article quotes the disorder as a "physical disability that is not caused by any physical impairment" -so I am defining this as symptoms that are visibly correct as analyzed visually but when under examination for deadened nerves or broken bones, no evidence is found? >that is the definition I am getting from the other source about this disorder. For example, someone claims blindness, as my instructor explained, and when the person claiming blindness is placed near a ledge , does not walk off the ledge.....since I am assuming also that optical tests of the retina, or pupil proved nothing substantial? | conversion disorder | diagnosis | Q26-S1-A1 | 55 | Diagnostic testing does not find any physical cause for the symptoms. The doctor will do a physical exam and may order diagnostic tests. These are to make sure there are no physical causes for the symptom. |
Q27 | spg11 | My 24 year old son was recently diagnosed with spg11 after over 15 years of trying to figure out what was wrong. We are already doing some of the common treatments. My question is, where do we go from here to give him the best chance at life, | spg11 | treatment | Q27-S1-A1 | 56 | These resources address the diagnosis or management of spastic paraplegia type 11: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Spastic Paraplegia 11 - Genetic Testing Registry: Spastic paraplegia 11, autosomal recessive - Spastic Paraplegia Foundation, Inc.: Treatments and Therapies These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care |
Q28 | null | I have been battling Anal fissure for close to two years now and it has refused to heal all these while. Please what do you suggest i do? Thanks | anal fissure | treatment | Q28-S1-A1 | 57 | Most fissures heal on their own and do not need treatment. To prevent or treat anal fissures in infants, be sure to change diapers often and clean the area gently. CHILDREN AND ADULTS Worrying about pain during a bowel movement may cause a person to avoid them. But not having bowel movements will only cause the stools to become even harder, which can make anal fissure worse. Prevent hard stools and constipation by: - Making dietary changes -- eating more fiber or bulk, such as fruits, vegetables, and grains - Drinking more fluids - Using stool softeners Applying the following ointments or creams to the area may soothe the skin: - Numbing cream, if pain interferes with normal bowel movements - Petroleum jelly - Zinc oxide, 1% hydrocortisone cream, Preparation H, and other products A sitz bath is a warm water bath used for healing or cleansing. You should sit in the bath two to three times a day. The water should cover only your hips and buttocks. If the anal fissures do not go away with home care methods, treatment may involve: - Botox injections into the muscle in the anus (anal sphincter) - Minor surgery to relax the anal muscle - Prescription creams such as nitrates or calcium channel blockers, applied over the fissure to help relax the muscles |
Q29 | menkes syndrome /kinky hair syndrome | My daughter has menkes syndrome and would like to know how to go about. Thx | menkes syndrome | treatment | Q29-S1-A1 | 58 | Treatment usually only helps when started very early in the course of the disease. Injections of copper into a vein or under the skin have been used with mixed results. |
Q29 | menkes syndrome /kinky hair syndrome | My daughter has menkes syndrome and would like to know how to go about. Thx | menkes syndrome | treatment | Q29-S1-A2 | 59 | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Menkes syndrome: - Gene Review: Gene Review: ATP7A-Related Copper Transport Disorders - Genetic Testing Registry: Menkes kinky-hair syndrome - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Copper in diet - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Menkes syndrome These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care |
Q30 | Nephrotic Syndrome | What is Nephrotic Syndrome. What are its causes and cures? | nephrotic syndrome | information | Q30-S1-A1 | 60 | Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that include protein in the urine, low blood protein levels in the blood, high cholesterol levels, high triglyceride levels, and swelling. |
Q30 | Nephrotic Syndrome | What is Nephrotic Syndrome. What are its causes and cures? | nephrotic syndrome | cause | Q30-S2-A1 | 61 | Nephrotic syndrome is caused by different disorders that damage the kidneys. This damage leads to the release of too much protein in the urine. The most common cause in children is minimal change disease. Membranous glomerulonephritis is the most common cause in adults. In both diseases, the glomeruli in the kidneys are damaged. Glomeruli are the structures that help filter wastes and fluids. This condition can also occur from: - Cancer - Diseases such as diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple myeloma, and amyloidosis - Genetic disorders - Immune disorders - Infections (such as strep throat, hepatitis, or mononucleosis) - Use of certain drugs It can occur with kidney disorders such as: - Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis - Glomerulonephritis - Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis Nephrotic syndrome can affect all age groups. In children, it is most common between ages 2 and 6. This disorder occurs slightly more often in males than females. |
Q30 | Nephrotic Syndrome | What is Nephrotic Syndrome. What are its causes and cures? | nephrotic syndrome | treatment | Q30-S3-A1 | 62 | The goals of treatment are to relieve symptoms, prevent complications, and delay kidney damage. To control nephrotic syndrome, the disorder that is causing it must be treated. You may need treatment for life. Treatments may include any of the following: - Keeping blood pressure at or below 130/80 mm Hg to delay kidney damage. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the medicines most often used. ACE inhibitors and ARBs may also help decrease the amount of protein lost in the urine. - Corticosteroids and other drugs that suppress or quiet the immune system. - Treating high cholesterol to reduce the risk of heart and blood vessel problems. A low-fat, low-cholesterol diet is usually not enough for people with nephrotic syndrome. Medicines to reduce cholesterol and triglycerides (usually statins) may be needed. - A low-salt diet may help with swelling in the hands and legs. Water pills (diuretics) may also help with this problem. - Low-protein diets may be helpful. Your health care provider may suggest a moderate-protein diet (1 gram [gm] of protein per kilogram [kg] of body weight per day). - Taking vitamin D supplements if nephrotic syndrome is long-term and is not responding to treatment. - Taking blood thinner drugs to treat or prevent blood clots. |
Q31 | GENDER DYSPHORIA | NO HEALTH CARE ON MY SON SUFFERING FROM GENDER DYSPHORIA WHAT CAN WE DO TO HELP HIM HE WORKED OUT OF HIGH SCHOOL NO PROBLEMS NOW NOT WORKING AND SHUTTING HIMSELF IN HIS ROOM 24/7 THERES NOTHING ABOUT THIS CONDITION IN OUR AREA WE LIVE IN [LOCATION]. NO HELP IN AREA WHAT CAN WE DO HE HAS HAD BAD THOUGHTS ALREADY PLEASE HELP US WITH SOME SORT OF INFO THANK YUO [NAME] [LOCATION] [CONTACT] | gender dysphoria | treatment | Q31-S1-A1 | 63 | Individual and family therapy is recommended for children to create a supportive environment at home and in school. Individual and, if appropriate, couples therapy is recommended for adults. Sex reassignment through surgery and hormonal therapy is an option. But identity problems may continue after this treatment. |
Q32 | Bowel Ischemia | My mother recently died from Bowel Ischemia and Septic Shock. My question is this, she was in the ER for 12 hours before she was even seen by the general surgeon and then he wasn't convinced that it was this condition yet. He said that he'd check on her in the morning once she was finally put into an ICU room (this was at 11 p.m.). I last spoke to her at midnight that evening and that was the last time that she was conscious. By the time she got to the ICU just 2-3 hours later, she was unresponsive and put on life support. Surgery was eventually performed later that afternoon and 90% of her small intestine had to be removed. She died early the next evening. My question to you is did they wait too long to do anything for her? Could she have been saved if surgery had been done sooner? I'm possibly thinking of bringing on a lawsuit.....Please advise with any answers to my questions that you can give. Thank you! | septic shock | prognosis | Q32-S1-A1 | 64 | Septic shock has a high death rate. The death rate depends on the patient's age and overall health, the cause of the infection, how many organs have failed, and how quickly and aggressively medical therapy is started. |
Q33 | Cushing, fybromyaglia, Chronic fatigue | my main concern is no treatment and the musclar distrophy effecting my heart, legs feet, shoulders, arms, etc. | cushing | treatment | Q33-S1-A1 | 65 | Treatment depends on the cause. Cushing syndrome caused by corticosteroid use: - Your doctor will instruct you to slowly decrease the medicine dosage. Stopping the medicine suddenly can be dangerous. - If you cannot stop taking the medicine because of disease, your high blood sugar, high cholesterol levels, and bone thinning or osteoporosis should be closely monitored. With Cushing syndrome caused by a pituitary or a tumor that releases ACTH (Cushing disease), you may need: - Surgery to remove the tumor. - Radiation after removal of a pituitary tumor in some cases. - Cortisol replacement therapy after surgery and possibly for the rest of your life. With Cushing syndrome due to an adrenal tumor or other tumors: - You may need surgery to remove the tumor. - If the tumor cannot be removed, you may need medicines to help block the release of cortisol. |
Q34 | tick bites | my husband was diagnosed with Rocky Mountain Spotted fever about 6 1/2 years ago. Then about 1 1/2 years ago he was diagnosed with Lyme Disease. With him having had both what damage if any to his body could possibly happen. He has had alot of medical problems since. Now has been diagnosed with type II diabetes. | rocky mountain spotted fever | prognosis | Q34-S1-A1 | 66 | Treatment usually cures the infection. About 3% of people who get this disease will die. |
Q34 | tick bites | my husband was diagnosed with Rocky Mountain Spotted fever about 6 1/2 years ago. Then about 1 1/2 years ago he was diagnosed with Lyme Disease. With him having had both what damage if any to his body could possibly happen. He has had alot of medical problems since. Now has been diagnosed with type II diabetes. | lyme disease | prognosis | Q34-S2-A1 | 67 | If diagnosed in the early stages, Lyme disease can be cured with antibiotics. Without treatment, complications involving the joints, heart, and nervous system can occur. But these symptoms are still treatable and curable. In rare cases, a person keeps having symptoms that interfere with daily life after they have been treated with antibiotics. This is also known as post-Lyme disease syndrome. The cause of this syndrome is unknown. Symptoms that occur after antibiotics are stopped may not be signs of active infection and may not respond to antibiotic treatment. |
Q35 | null | Please help me. have the honor to write to YOU. and I heard about your humanity and my hope in you a great And ask you for help I need you and I Will Be very very grateful to you. I am 30 years [NAME] state of Algeria , Batna. I suffer from a disease of chronic renal failure, dialysis was carried out 10 years ago. (Dialysis 3 times / week) continuous arteriovenous fistulas and the surgery (4till now). I live a hard life with illness and suffering continues to require a kidney transplant in order to get rid of this suffering Because the process of kidney transplantation in Algeria is slow and very rare, especially those without a family donor like me. Almost no hope for them. Please help me great hope in you (I'm sorry for writing bad because I do not know English we | chronic renal failure | treatment | Q35-S1-A1 | 68 | Controlling blood pressure will slow further kidney damage. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are used most often. The goal is to keep blood pressure at or below 130/80 mm Hg. Making lifestyle changes can help protect the kidneys, and prevent heart disease and stroke, such as: DO NOT smoke.
Eat meals that are low in fat and cholesterol. Get regular exercise (talk to your doctor or nurse before starting to exercise). Take drugs to lower your cholesterol, if needed. Keep your blood sugar under control. Avoid eating too much salt or potassium. Always talk to your kidney specialist before taking any over-the-counter medicine. This includes vitamins, herbs and supplements. Make sure all of the providers you visit know you have CKD. Other treatments may include: Medicines called phosphate binders, to help prevent high phosphorous levels Extra iron in the diet, iron pills, iron given through a vein (intravenous iron) special shots of a medicine called erythropoietin, and blood transfusions to treat anemia Extra calcium and vitamin D (always talk to your provider before taking) Your provider may have you follow a special diet for CKD. Limiting fluids Eating less protein Restricting salt, potassium, phosphorous, and other electrolytes Getting enough calories to prevent weight loss All people with CKD should be up-to-date on the following vaccinations: Hepatitis A vaccine Hepatitis B vaccine Flu vaccine Pneumonia vaccine (PPV) |
Q36 | ClinicalTrials.gov - Question - general information | My cousin she is leber amaurosis she need help I don't know where to start from | leber amaurosis | information | Q36-S1-A1 | 70 | Leber congenital amaurosis is an eye disorder that primarily affects the retina, which is the specialized tissue at the back of the eye that detects light and color. People with this disorder typically have severe visual impairment beginning in infancy. The visual impairment tends to be stable, although it may worsen very slowly over time. Leber congenital amaurosis is also associated with other vision problems, including an increased sensitivity to light (photophobia), involuntary movements of the eyes (nystagmus), and extreme farsightedness (hyperopia). The pupils, which usually expand and contract in response to the amount of light entering the eye, do not react normally to light. Instead, they expand and contract more slowly than normal, or they may not respond to light at all. Additionally, the clear front covering of the eye (the cornea) may be cone-shaped and abnormally thin, a condition known as keratoconus. A specific behavior called Franceschetti's oculo-digital sign is characteristic of Leber congenital amaurosis. This sign consists of poking, pressing, and rubbing the eyes with a knuckle or finger. Researchers suspect that this behavior may contribute to deep-set eyes and keratoconus in affected children. In rare cases, delayed development and intellectual disability have been reported in people with the features of Leber congenital amaurosis. However, researchers are uncertain whether these individuals actually have Leber congenital amaurosis or another syndrome with similar signs and symptoms. At least 13 types of Leber congenital amaurosis have been described. The types are distinguished by their genetic cause, patterns of vision loss, and related eye abnormalities. |
Q37 | null | My father is having cardiomyopathy through genes. He is 83 now. He was absoulutely normal till now. recently he is getting breathlessness. and he was admitted to the hospital twice. The doctors are telling that multi dieases are attacking his heart. I just want to know exactly what is happening and what precautions that he should take in future. What are the chances of survival? Please help. | cardiomyopathy | treatment | Q37-S1-A1 | 71 | When possible, the cause of cardiomyopathy is treated. Medicines and lifestyle changes are often needed to treat the symptoms of heart failure, angina, and abnormal heart rhythms. Procedures or surgeries may also be used, including: - A defibrillator that sends an electrical pulse to stop life-threatening abnormal heart rhythms - A pacemaker that treats a slow heart rate or helps both sides of the heart beat at the same time - Coronary artery bypass (CABG) surgery or angioplasty that may improve blood flow to the damaged or weakened heart muscle - Heart transplant that may be tried when all other treatments have failed Recently, implantable artificial heart pumps have been developed. These may be used for very severe cases. However, not all patients need or are able to have this advanced treatment. |
Q37 | null | My father is having cardiomyopathy through genes. He is 83 now. He was absoulutely normal till now. recently he is getting breathlessness. and he was admitted to the hospital twice. The doctors are telling that multi dieases are attacking his heart. I just want to know exactly what is happening and what precautions that he should take in future. What are the chances of survival? Please help. | cardiomyopathy | treatment | Q37-S1-A2 | 72 | People who have cardiomyopathy but no signs or symptoms may not need treatment. Sometimes, dilated cardiomyopathy that comes on suddenly may go away on its own. For other people who have cardiomyopathy, treatment is needed. Treatment depends on the type of cardiomyopathy you have, the severity of your symptoms and complications, and your age and overall health. Treatments may include: Heart-healthy lifestyle changes Medicines Nonsurgical procedure Surgery and implanted devices The main goals of treating cardiomyopathy include: Controlling signs and symptoms so that you can live as normally as possible Managing any conditions that cause or contribute to the disease Reducing complications and the risk of sudden cardiac arrest Stopping the disease from getting worse Heart-Healthy Lifestyle Changes Your doctor may suggest lifestyle changes to manage a condition that’s causing your cardiomyopathy including: Heart-healthy eating Maintaining a healthy weight Managing stress Physical activity Quitting smoking Heart-Healthy Eating Your doctor may recommend heart-healthy eating, which should include: Fat-free or low-fat dairy products, such as fat-free milk Fish high in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon, tuna, and trout, about twice a week Fruits, such as apples, bananas, oranges, pears, and prunes Legumes, such as kidney beans, lentils, chickpeas, black-eyed peas, and lima beans Vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, and carrots Whole grains, such as oatmeal, brown rice, and corn tortillas When following a heart-healthy diet, you should avoid eating: A lot of red meat Palm and coconut oils Sugary foods and beverages Two nutrients in your diet make blood cholesterol levels rise: Saturated fat—found mostly in foods that come from animals Trans fat (trans fatty acids)—found in foods made with hydrogenated oils and fats such as stick margarine; baked goods such as, cookies, cakes, and pies, crackers, frostings, and coffee creamers. Some trans fats also occur naturally in animal fats and meats. Saturated fat raises your blood cholesterol more than anything else in your diet. When you follow a heart-healthy eating plan, only 5 percent to 6 percent of your daily calories should come from saturated fat. Food labels list the amounts of saturated fat. To help you stay on track, here are some examples: Not all fats are bad. Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats actually help lower blood cholesterol levels. Some sources of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats are: Avocados Corn, sunflower, and soybean oils Nuts and seeds, such as walnuts Olive, canola, peanut, safflower, and sesame oils Peanut butter Salmon and trout Tofu Sodium Try to limit the amount of sodium that you eat. This means choosing and preparing foods that are lower in salt and sodium. Try to use low-sodium and “no added salt” foods and seasonings at the table or while cooking. Food labels tell you what you need to know about choosing foods that are lower in sodium. Try to eat no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium a day. If you have high blood pressure, you may need to restrict your sodium intake even more. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Your doctor may recommend the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan if you have high blood pressure. The DASH eating plan focuses on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and other foods that are heart healthy and low in fat, cholesterol, and sodium and salt. The DASH eating plan is a good heart-healthy eating plan, even for those who don’t have high blood pressure. Read more about DASH. Alcohol Talk to your doctor about how much alcohol you drink. Too much alcohol can raise your blood pressure and triglyceride levels, a type of fat found in the blood. Alcohol also adds extra calories, which may cause weight gain. Your doctor may recommend that you reduce the amount of alcohol you drink or stop drinking alcohol. Maintaining a Healthy Weight Maintaining a healthy weight is important for overall health and can lower your risk for coronary heart disease. Aim for a Healthy Weight by following a heart-healthy eating plan and keeping physically active. Knowing your body mass index (BMI) helps you find out if you’re a healthy weight in relation to your height and gives an estimate of your total body fat. To figure out your BMI, check out the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s (NHLBI) online BMI calculator or talk to your doctor. A BMI: Below 18.5 is a sign that you are underweight. Between 18.5 and 24.9 is in the normal range. Between 25 and 29.9 is considered overweight. Of 30 or more is considered obese. A general goal to aim for is a BMI of less than 25. Your doctor or health care provider can help you set an appropriate BMI goal. Measuring waist circumference helps screen for possible health risks. If most of your fat is around your waist rather than at your hips, you’re at a higher risk for heart disease and type 2 diabetes. This risk may be high with a waist size that is greater than 35 inches for women or greater than 40 inches for men. To learn how to measure your waist, visit Assessing Your Weight and Health Risk. If you’re overweight or obese, try to lose weight. A loss of just 3 percent to 5 percent of your current weight can lower your triglycerides, blood glucose, and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Greater amounts of weight loss can improve blood pressure readings, lower LDL cholesterol, and increase HDL cholesterol. Managing Stress Research shows that the most commonly reported “trigger” for a heart attack is an emotionally upsetting event—particularly one involving anger. Also, some of the ways people cope with stress—such as drinking, smoking, or overeating—aren’t healthy. Learning how to manage stress, relax, and cope with problems can improve your emotional and physical health. Consider healthy stress-reducing activities, such as: A stress management program Meditation Physical activity Relaxation therapy Talking things out with friends or family Physical Activity Routine physical activity can lower many risk factors for coronary heart disease, including LDL (“bad”) cholesterol, high blood pressure, and excess weight. Physical activity also can lower your risk for diabetes and raise your HDL cholesterol level. HDL is the “good” cholesterol that helps prevent coronary heart disease. Everyone should try to participate in moderate intensity aerobic exercise at least 2 hours and 30 minutes per week, or vigorous intensity aerobic exercise for 1 hour and 15 minutes per week. Aerobic exercise, such as brisk walking, is any exercise in which your heart beats faster and you use more oxygen than usual. The more active you are, the more you will benefit. Participate in aerobic exercise for at least 10 minutes at a time spread throughout the week. Read more about physical activity at: Physical Activity and Your Heart U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Talk with your doctor before you start a new exercise plan. Ask your doctor how much and what kinds of physical activity are safe for you. Quitting Smoking If you smoke, quit. Smoking can raise your risk for coronary heart disease and heart attack and worsen other coronary heart disease risk factors. Talk with your doctor about programs and products that can help you quit smoking. Also, try to avoid secondhand smoke. If you have trouble quitting smoking on your own, consider joining a support group. Many hospitals, workplaces, and community groups offer classes to help people quit smoking. Read more about quitting smoking at Smoking and Your Heart. Medicines Many medicines are used to treat cardiomyopathy. Your doctor may prescribe medicines to: Balance electrolytes in your body. Electrolytes are minerals that help maintain fluid levels and acid-base balance in the body. They also help muscle and nerve tissues work properly. Abnormal electrolyte levels may be a sign of dehydration (lack of fluid in your body), heart failure, high blood pressure, or other disorders. Aldosterone blockers are an example of a medicine used to balance electrolytes. Keep your heart beating with a normal rhythm. These medicines, called antiarrhythmics, help prevent arrhythmias. Lower your blood pressure. ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers are examples of medicines that lower blood pressure. Prevent blood clots from forming. Anticoagulants, or blood thinners, are an example of a medicine that prevents blood clots. Blood thinners often are used to prevent blood clots from forming in people who have dilated cardiomyopathy. Reduce inflammation. Corticosteroids are an example of a medicine used to reduce inflammation. Remove excess sodium from your body. Diuretics, or water pills, are an example of medicines that help remove excess sodium from the body, which reduces the amount of fluid in your blood. Slow your heart rate. Beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and digoxin are examples of medicines that slow the heart rate. Beta blockers and calcium channel blockers also are used to lower blood pressure. Take all medicines regularly, as your doctor prescribes. Don’t change the amount of your medicine or skip a dose unless your doctor tells you to. Surgery and Implanted Devices Doctors use several types of surgery to treat cardiomyopathy, including septal myectomy, surgically implanted devices, and heart transplant. Septal Myectomy Septal myectomy is open-heart surgery and is used to treat people who have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and severe symptoms. This surgery generally is used for younger patients and for people whose medicines aren’t working well. A surgeon removes part of the thickened septum that’s bulging into the left ventricle. This improves blood flow through the heart and out to the body. The removed tissue doesn’t grow back. If needed, the surgeon also can repair or replace the mitral valve at the same time. Septal myectomy often is successful and allows you to return to a normal life with no symptoms. Surgically Implanted Devices Surgeons can place several types of devices in the heart to improve function and symptoms, including: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device. A CRT device coordinates contractions between the heart’s left and right ventricles. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). An ICD helps control life-threatening arrhythmias that may lead to sudden cardiac arrest. This small device is implanted in the chest or abdomen and connected to the heart with wires. If an ICD senses a dangerous change in heart rhythm, it will send an electric shock to the heart to restore a normal heartbeat. Left ventricular assist device (LVAD). This device helps the heart pump blood to the body. An LVAD can be used as a long-term therapy or as a short-term treatment for people who are waiting for a heart transplant. Pacemaker. This small device is placed under the skin of your chest or abdomen to help control arrhythmias. The device uses electrical pulses to prompt the heart to beat at a normal rate. Heart Transplant For this surgery, a surgeon replaces a person’s diseased heart with a healthy heart from a deceased donor. A heart transplant is a last resort treatment for people who have end-stage heart failure. “End-stage” means the condition has become so severe that all treatments, other than heart transplant, have failed. For more information about this treatment, go to the Heart Transplant Health Topic. Nonsurgical Procedure Doctors may use a nonsurgical procedure called alcohol septal ablation to treat cardiomyopathy. During this procedure, the doctor injects ethanol (a type of alcohol) through a tube into the small artery that supplies blood to the thickened area of heart muscle. The alcohol kills cells, and the thickened tissue shrinks to a more normal size. This procedure allows blood to flow freely through the ventricle, which improves symptoms. |
Q37 | null | My father is having cardiomyopathy through genes. He is 83 now. He was absoulutely normal till now. recently he is getting breathlessness. and he was admitted to the hospital twice. The doctors are telling that multi dieases are attacking his heart. I just want to know exactly what is happening and what precautions that he should take in future. What are the chances of survival? Please help. | cardiomyopathy | prognosis | Q37-S2-A1 | 73 | The outlook depends on many different things, including: - Cause and type of cardiomyopathy - How well the condition responds to treatment - The severity of the heart problem Heart failure is usually a long-term (chronic) illness. It may get worse over time. Some people develop severe heart failure. In this case, medicines, surgery, and other treatments may no longer help. Patients with certain types of cardiomyopathy are at risk for dangerous heart rhythm problems. |
Q38 | Questions on albinism | Hello my name is [NAME] and I'm hoping you can help me. When i was born my doctor diagnosed me with albinism. I have color in my hair (brown) and in my eyes (hazel) they do not shake. My skin is fair but my markings are visible. It is not one solid fair white on all of me. I apparently have 3 different levels. most of my body is covered by level 1 pigmentation (the fairest) i have level 2 on some as well and a small patch of my arm of level (3) it basically looks like a huge birthmark that goes from my right side of the body to the left. When I was born the doctors still didn't know much about Albinism and I"m hoping to learn more myself. For instance what type this would fall under... I hope you can help. | albinism | information | Q38-S1-A1 | 74 | Albinism is a defect of melanin production that results in little or no color (pigment) in the skin, hair, and eyes. |
Q38 | Questions on albinism | Hello my name is [NAME] and I'm hoping you can help me. When i was born my doctor diagnosed me with albinism. I have color in my hair (brown) and in my eyes (hazel) they do not shake. My skin is fair but my markings are visible. It is not one solid fair white on all of me. I apparently have 3 different levels. most of my body is covered by level 1 pigmentation (the fairest) i have level 2 on some as well and a small patch of my arm of level (3) it basically looks like a huge birthmark that goes from my right side of the body to the left. When I was born the doctors still didn't know much about Albinism and I"m hoping to learn more myself. For instance what type this would fall under... I hope you can help. | albinism | information | Q38-S1-A2 | 75 | Albinism is a group of inherited disorders that results in little or no production of the pigment melanin, which determines the color of the skin, hair and eyes. Melanin also plays a role in the development of certain optical nerves, so all forms of albinism cause problems with the development and function of the eyes. Other symptoms can include light skin or changes in skin color; very white to brown hair; very light blue to brown eye color that may appear red in some light and may change with age; sensitivity to sun exposure; and increased risk of developing skin cancer. Albinism is caused by mutations in one of several genes, and most types are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Although there's no cure, people with the disorder can take steps to improve vision and avoid too much sun exposure. |
Q39 | typhoid fever | Hi, My name is [NAME] from india i have suffering from typhoid please give me solution i have one question i had got treatment from one year but i am not well now give me solution? | typhoid | treatment | Q39-S1-A1 | 78 | Fluids and electrolytes may be given by IV (into a vein) or you may be asked to drink water with electrolyte packets. Antibiotics are given to kill the bacteria. There are increasing rates of antibiotic resistance throughout the world, so your health care provider will check current recommendations before choosing an antibiotic. |
Q40 | null | GERD. I'm a 72 year old female, and have diverticulosis,gastritis, and esophagitis. I tried to see three different doctors today, but all were booked. I honestly don't know what to do. It hurts in my chest, and I can hardly talk. | gerd | treatment | Q40-S1-A1 | 79 | You can make many lifestyle changes to help treat your symptoms. Other tips include: - If you are overweight or obese, in many cases, losing weight can help. - Avoid drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). Take acetaminophen (Tylenol) to relieve pain. - Take all of your medicines with plenty of water. When your doctor gives you a new medicine, ask whether it will make your heartburn worse. You may use over-the-counter antacids after meals and at bedtime, although the relief may not last very long. Common side effects of antacids include diarrhea or constipation. Other over-the-counter and prescription drugs can treat GERD. They work more slowly than antacids, but give you longer relief. Your pharmacist, doctor, or nurse can tell you how to take these drugs. - Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) decrease the amount of acid produced in your stomach - H2 blockers also lower the amount of acid released in the stomach Anti-reflux surgery may be an option for people whose symptoms do not go away with lifestyle changes and medicines. Heartburn and other symptoms should improve after surgery. But you may still need to take drugs for your heartburn. There are also new therapies for reflux that can be performed through an endoscope (a flexible tube passed through the mouth into the stomach). |
Q41 | null | Tests for Haemophilia. Hi, I was wondering if blood clotting assays are always positive if one has mild-moderate hemophilia and what the name is of the genetic tests for hemophilia? I have a history of internal spontaneous bleeding into the joints or with eating garlic or onions (in large amounts).I also hemmorhage after injuries (arm injury, head injury hemmorhage, and pregnancy birth hemmorhage--both times). I've had to have blood transfusions and shots to control the bleeding but it's usually possible to control it. I believe I may have passed this on to my son as he was determined by a doctor to be a heavy bleeder at circumcision. While on the [LOCATION]t, I was asked by a [LOCATION] if anyone had done a work-up on me for hemophilia or any clotting disorder and I said not to my knowledge. I asked if they were going to do it and she said to follow up with a primary doctor for it. She also said it could be expensive. This is why I'm asking, if I go to a medical appointment as a private-pay patient, and want to have testing done, which tests would you recommend? [NAME] | hemophilia | diagnosis | Q41-S1-A1 | 81 | Most often, hemophilia is diagnosed after a person has an abnormal bleeding episode. It can also be diagnosed by a blood test done to detect the problem, if other family members have the condition. |
Q41 | null | Tests for Haemophilia. Hi, I was wondering if blood clotting assays are always positive if one has mild-moderate hemophilia and what the name is of the genetic tests for hemophilia? I have a history of internal spontaneous bleeding into the joints or with eating garlic or onions (in large amounts).I also hemmorhage after injuries (arm injury, head injury hemmorhage, and pregnancy birth hemmorhage--both times). I've had to have blood transfusions and shots to control the bleeding but it's usually possible to control it. I believe I may have passed this on to my son as he was determined by a doctor to be a heavy bleeder at circumcision. While on the [LOCATION]t, I was asked by a [LOCATION] if anyone had done a work-up on me for hemophilia or any clotting disorder and I said not to my knowledge. I asked if they were going to do it and she said to follow up with a primary doctor for it. She also said it could be expensive. This is why I'm asking, if I go to a medical appointment as a private-pay patient, and want to have testing done, which tests would you recommend? [NAME] | hemophilia | diagnosis | Q41-S1-A2 | 82 | If you or your child appears to have a bleeding problem, your doctor will ask about your personal and family medical histories. This will reveal whether you or your family members, including women and girls, have bleeding problems. However, some people who have hemophilia have no recent family history of the disease. You or your child also will likely have a physical exam and blood tests to diagnose hemophilia. Blood tests are used to find out: How long it takes for your blood to clot Whether your blood has low levels of any clotting factors Whether any clotting factors are completely missing from your blood The test results will show whether you have hemophilia, what type of hemophilia you have, and how severe it is. Hemophilia A and B are classified as mild, moderate, or severe, depending on the amount of clotting factor VIII or IX in the blood. The severity of symptoms can overlap between the categories. For example, some people who have mild hemophilia may have bleeding problems almost as often or as severe as some people who have moderate hemophilia. Severe hemophilia can cause serious bleeding problems in babies. Thus, children who have severe hemophilia usually are diagnosed during the first year of life. People who have milder forms of hemophilia may not be diagnosed until they're adults. The bleeding problems of hemophilia A and hemophilia B are the same. Only special blood tests can tell which type of the disorder you or your child has. Knowing which type is important because the treatments are different. Pregnant women who are known hemophilia carriers can have the disorder diagnosed in their unborn babies as early as 12 weeks into their pregnancies. Women who are hemophilia carriers also can have "preimplantation diagnosis" to have children who don't have hemophilia. For this process, women have their eggs removed and fertilized by sperm in a laboratory. The embryos are then tested for hemophilia. Only embryos without the disorder are implanted in the womb. |
Q42 | null | I am 23yr boy,i have knock knees i want treatment. Please help me. | knock knees | treatment | Q42-S1-A1 | 83 | Knock knees are not treated in most cases. If the problem continues after age 7, the child may use a night brace. This brace is attached to a shoe. Surgery may be considered for knock knees that are severe and continue beyond late childhood. |
Q43 | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease | Can GERD BE CURED? I AM SUFFERING FROM THIS DISEASE FOR ALMOST THREE YEARS NOW.I HAVE GONE TO MANY HOSPITALS BUT STILL CAN'T BE CURED.I HAVE BEEN GIVEN OMEPRAZOLE CAPSULES MANY TIMES.PLEASE HELP ME. | gerd | treatment | Q43-S1-A1 | 84 | You can make many lifestyle changes to help treat your symptoms. Other tips include: - If you are overweight or obese, in many cases, losing weight can help. - Avoid drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). Take acetaminophen (Tylenol) to relieve pain. - Take all of your medicines with plenty of water. When your doctor gives you a new medicine, ask whether it will make your heartburn worse. You may use over-the-counter antacids after meals and at bedtime, although the relief may not last very long. Common side effects of antacids include diarrhea or constipation. Other over-the-counter and prescription drugs can treat GERD. They work more slowly than antacids, but give you longer relief. Your pharmacist, doctor, or nurse can tell you how to take these drugs. - Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) decrease the amount of acid produced in your stomach - H2 blockers also lower the amount of acid released in the stomach Anti-reflux surgery may be an option for people whose symptoms do not go away with lifestyle changes and medicines. Heartburn and other symptoms should improve after surgery. But you may still need to take drugs for your heartburn. There are also new therapies for reflux that can be performed through an endoscope (a flexible tube passed through the mouth into the stomach). |
Q44 | null | diagnosis of OI/ resources. I was writing to inquire about more information regarding the diagnosis of OI. We have family members who are in the process of waiting for genetic testing to come back but are under allegations of child abuse. Is there any information and / or resources that may be helpful to us? Any help is appreciated. Thank you,[NAME] | oi | diagnosis | Q44-S1-A1 | 85 | OI is most often suspected in children whose bones break with very little force. A physical exam may show that the whites of their eyes have a blue tint. A definitive diagnosis may be made using a skin punch biopsy. Family members may be given a DNA blood test. If there is a family history of OI, chorionic villus sampling may be done during pregnancy to determine if the baby has the condition. However, because so many different mutations can cause OI, some forms cannot be diagnosed with a genetic test. The severe form of type II OI can be seen on ultrasound when the fetus is as young as 16 weeks. |
Q45 | null | atypical pnuemonia. what is the possibility of atypical pneumonia occurring again less than a month after treatment? | atypical pneumonia | prognosis | Q45-S1-A1 | 89 | Most patients with pneumonia due to mycoplasma or chlamydophila get better with the right antibiotics. Legionella pneumonia can be severe. It can lead to problems, especially in patients with kidney failure, diabetes, COPD, or a weak immune system. It can also lead to death. |
Q46 | null | Can u please send stuff on fibromyalgia as well | fibromyalgia | information | Q46-S1-A1 | 90 | Fibromyalgia is a common syndrome in which a person has long-term pain, spread throughout the body. The pain is most often linked to fatigue, sleep problems, headaches, depression, and anxiety. People with fibromalgia may also have tenderness in the joints, muscles, tendons, and other soft tissues. |
Q46 | null | Can u please send stuff on fibromyalgia as well | fibromyalgia | information | Q46-S1-A2 | 91 | Summary Fibromyalgia is a disorder that causes muscle pain and fatigue. People with fibromyalgia have "tender points" on the body. Tender points are specific places on the neck, shoulders, back, hips, arms, and legs. These points hurt when pressure is put on them. People with fibromyalgia may also have other symptoms, such as - Trouble sleeping - Morning stiffness - Headaches - Painful menstrual periods - Tingling or numbness in hands and feet - Problems with thinking and memory (sometimes called "fibro fog") No one knows what causes fibromyalgia. Anyone can get it, but it is most common in middle-aged women. People with rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases are particularly likely to develop fibromyalgia. There is no cure for fibromyalgia, but medicine can help you manage your symptoms. Getting enough sleep, exercising, and eating well may also help. NIH: National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases |
Q47 | genital warts on penis | i have taken two treatment of this but still i have small warts please tell me which is the best madcine or cream | warts | treatment | Q47-S1-A1 | 92 | Your health care provider can treat a wart if you do not like how it looks or if it is painful. Do NOT attempt to remove a wart yourself by burning, cutting, tearing, picking, or by any other method. MEDICINES Over-the-counter medicines are available to remove warts. Do NOT use over-the-counter wart medicines on your face or genitals. Warts in these areas need to be treated by a health care provider. To use wart-removal medicine: - File the wart with a nail file or emery board when your skin is damp (for example, after a shower or bath). This helps remove dead tissue. Do not use the same emery board on your nails. - Put the medicine on the wart every day for several weeks or months. Follow the instructions on the label. - Cover the wart with a bandage to prevent it from spreading. OTHER TREATMENTS Special foot cushions can help ease the pain from plantar warts. You can buy these at drugstores without a prescription. Use socks. Wear shoes with plenty of room. Avoid high heels. Your health care provider may need to trim away thick skin or calluses that form over warts on your foot or around nails. Your provider may recommend the following treatments if your warts do not go away: - Stronger (prescription) medicines - A blistering solution - Freezing the wart (cryotherapy) to remove it - Burning the wart (electrocautery) to remove it - Laser treatment for difficult to remove warts - Immunotherapy, which gives you a shot of a substance that causes an allergic reaction and helps the wart go away - Skin medicine called imiquimod Genital warts are treated in a different way than most other warts. A medicine called veregen may be used on genital warts, as well as on other warts. |
Q48 | X-linked congenital stationary night blindness | i m suffering from similar or same decease.my mothers father suffered from same & my brother also.we have problem in low light infact cant view in damp conditions during day also have myopia but still not normal myopia cant see little object with clarity.life is looking like imprisonment.is there any chance for our recovery from this x linked decease.will we be able to see like normal ones.plz help. my age 38 y brother 44.address [LOCATION] | x-linked congenital stationary night blindness | treatment | Q48-S1-A1 | 93 | These resources address the diagnosis or management of X-linked congenital stationary night blindness: - American Optometric Association: Infant Vision - Gene Review: Gene Review: X-Linked Congenital Stationary Night Blindness - Genetic Testing Registry: Congenital stationary night blindness - Genetic Testing Registry: Congenital stationary night blindness, type 1A - Genetic Testing Registry: Congenital stationary night blindness, type 2A - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Electroretinography - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Eye movements - Uncontrollable - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Nearsightedness - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Strabismus - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Vision - Night Blindness These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care |
Q49 | null | How bad can endometriosis get? | endometriosis | prognosis | Q49-S1-A1 | 94 | Hormone therapy and laparoscopy cannot cure endometriosis. However, in some women, these treatments may help relieve symptoms for years. Removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and both ovaries (a hysterectomy) gives you the best chance for a cure. |
Q50 | Gastroparesis | I am a current Gastroparesis fighter with a GJ feeding tube. I am also one of the admins for a GP support group and an advocacy group. I have become a volunteer advocater. I would appreciate any info you can share about Gastroparesis, Feeding tubes, and even TPN. Thanks | gastroparesis | information | Q50-S1-A1 | 95 | Gastroparesis is a condition that reduces the ability of the stomach to empty its contents. It does not involve a blockage (obstruction). |
Q50 | Gastroparesis | I am a current Gastroparesis fighter with a GJ feeding tube. I am also one of the admins for a GP support group and an advocacy group. I have become a volunteer advocater. I would appreciate any info you can share about Gastroparesis, Feeding tubes, and even TPN. Thanks | gastroparesis | information | Q50-S1-A2 | 96 | Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a disorder that slows or stops the movement of food from the stomach to the small intestine. Normally, the muscles of the stomach, which are controlled by the vagus nerve, contract to break up food and move it through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. The movement of muscles in the GI tract, along with the release of hormones and enzymes, allows for the digestion of food. Gastroparesis can occur when the vagus nerve is damaged by illness or injury and the stomach muscles stop working normally. Food then moves slowly from the stomach to the small intestine or stops moving altogether. |
Q50 | Gastroparesis | I am a current Gastroparesis fighter with a GJ feeding tube. I am also one of the admins for a GP support group and an advocacy group. I have become a volunteer advocater. I would appreciate any info you can share about Gastroparesis, Feeding tubes, and even TPN. Thanks | gastroparesis | information | Q50-S1-A3 | 97 | The problems of gastroparesis can include - severe dehydration due to persistent vomiting - gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is GER that occurs more than twice a week for a few weeks; GERD can lead to esophagitis— irritation of the esophagus - bezoars, which can cause nausea, vomiting, obstruction, or interfere with absorption of some medications in pill form - difficulty managing blood glucose levels in people with diabetes - malnutrition due to poor absorption of nutrients or a low calorie intake - decreased quality of life, including work absences due to severe symptoms |
Q51 | diabetes | It was really helpful after reading about type 1 diabetes but would like some more suggestions from you .my friend is 35 year old and its been 1 year of his diabetes n his sugar level is around 100 or 120 OR SO.. each time he tests his sugar level. is there ANY COMPLICATIONS? HE ALSO GO FOR EXERCISES AND BLOOD TEST EVERY 2 OR 3 MONTHS N TAKES A PROPER DIET LIKE GREEN JUICE,OLIVE OIL AND ALL. WAITING FOR YOUR FEED BACK. THANK YOU. | type 1 diabetes | complication | Q51-S1-A1 | 98 | After many years, diabetes can lead to serious health problems: - You could have eye problems, including trouble seeing (especially at night) and sensitivity to light. You could become blind. - Your feet and skin could develop sores and infections. If you have these sores for too long, your foot or leg may need to be amputated. Infection can also cause pain and itching. - Diabetes may make it harder to control your blood pressure and cholesterol. This can lead to heart attack, stroke, and other problems. It can become harder for blood to flow to the legs and feet. - Nerves in the body can become damaged, causing pain, itching, tingling, and numbness. - Because of nerve damage, you could have problems digesting the food you eat. You could feel weakness or have trouble going to the bathroom. Nerve damage can also make it harder for men to have an erection. - High blood sugar and other problems can lead to kidney damage. The kidneys may not work as well as they used to. They may even stop working, so that you would need dialysis or a kidney transplant. |
Q52 | null | I just read an article submitted by you that stated your research shows that you've identified the mechanism that causes burning mouth syndrome. Also because of these findings you can find a treatment. I've had this for 15 yrs and am just holding on. When will a good treatment be available?? I belong to a group of over 500 bmsers. We're suffering terribly and were from all over the world. What would the treatment be? | burning mouth syndrome | treatment | Q52-S1-A1 | 99 | If the underlying cause of burning mouth syndrome is determined, treatment is aimed at the triggering factor(s). If no cause can be found, treatment can be challenging. The following are potential therapies for burning mouth syndrome; we strongly recommend that you work with your health care provider in determining which therapy is right for you. A lozenge-type form of the anticonvulsant medication clonazepam (Klonopin) Oral thrush medications Medications that block nerve pan Certain antidepressants B vitamins Cognitive behavioral therapy Special oral rinses or mouth washes Saliva replacement products Capsaicin In addition to these medications, the following measures may be helpful in reducing symptoms of burning mouth syndrome: Sip water frequently Suck on ice chips Chew sugarless gum Avoid irritating substances like tobacco, hot or spicy foods, alcoholic beverages, mouthwashes that contain alcohol, and products high in acid, like citrus fruits and juices, as well as cinnamon or mint. |
Q53 | Hypotension | I'm looking for books about hypotension/low blood pressure. Can you suggest any that I might be able to purchase? | hypotension | information | Q53-S1-A1 | 100 | Low blood pressure occurs when blood pressure is much lower than normal. This means the heart, brain, and other parts of the body do not get enough blood. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg. The medical name for low blood pressure is hypotension. |
Q53 | Hypotension | I'm looking for books about hypotension/low blood pressure. Can you suggest any that I might be able to purchase? | hypotension | information | Q53-S1-A2 | 101 | Summary You've probably heard that high blood pressure is a problem. Sometimes blood pressure that is too low can also cause problems. Blood pressure is the force of your blood pushing against the walls of your arteries. Each time your heart beats, it pumps out blood into the arteries. Your blood pressure is highest when your heart beats, pumping the blood. This is called systolic pressure. When your heart is at rest, between beats, your blood pressure falls. This is the diastolic pressure. Your blood pressure reading uses these two numbers. Usually they're written one above or before the other, such as 120/80. If your blood pressure reading is 90/60 or lower, you have low blood pressure. Some people have low blood pressure all the time. They have no symptoms and their low readings are normal for them. In other people, blood pressure drops below normal because of a medical condition or certain medicines. Some people may have symptoms of low blood pressure when standing up too quickly. Low blood pressure is a problem only if it causes dizziness, fainting or in extreme cases, shock. NIH: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute |
Q53 | Hypotension | I'm looking for books about hypotension/low blood pressure. Can you suggest any that I might be able to purchase? | hypotension | information | Q53-S1-A3 | 102 | Hypotension (HI-po-TEN-shun) is abnormally low blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood. Blood pressure is measured as systolic (sis-TOL-ik) and diastolic (di-a-STOL-ik) pressures. "Systolic" refers to blood pressure when the heart beats while pumping blood. "Diastolic" refers to blood pressure when the heart is at rest between beats. You most often will see blood pressure numbers written with the systolic number above or before the diastolic number, such as 120/80 mmHg. (The mmHg is millimeters of mercury—the units used to measure blood pressure.) Normal blood pressure in adults is lower than 120/80 mmHg. Hypotension is blood pressure that's lower than 90/60 mmHg. Overview Blood pressure doesn't stay the same all the time. It lowers as you sleep and rises when you wake up. Blood pressure also rises when you're excited, nervous, or active. Your body is very sensitive to changes in blood pressure. For example, if you stand up quickly, your blood pressure may drop for a short time. Your body adjusts your blood pressure to make sure enough blood and oxygen are flowing to your brain, kidneys, and other vital organs. Most forms of hypotension happen because your body can't bring blood pressure back to normal or can't do it fast enough. Some people have low blood pressure all the time. They have no signs or symptoms, and their low blood pressure is normal for them. In other people, certain conditions or factors cause abnormally low blood pressure. As a result, less blood and oxygen flow to the body's organs. For the most part, hypotension is a medical concern only if it causes signs or symptoms or is linked to a serious condition, such as heart disease. Signs and symptoms of hypotension may include dizziness, fainting, cold and sweaty skin, fatigue (tiredness), blurred vision, or nausea (feeling sick to your stomach). In extreme cases, hypotension can lead to shock. Outlook In a healthy person, low blood pressure without signs or symptoms usually isn't a problem and needs no treatment. If it causes signs or symptoms, your doctor will try to find and treat the condition that's causing it. Hypotension can be dangerous. It can make you fall because of dizziness or fainting. Shock, a severe form of hypotension, is a condition that's often fatal if not treated right away. With prompt and proper treatment, shock can be successfully treated. |
Q54 | null | I have been suffering from lichen planus since last four years. Some time it reduces the red sign and sometime it increases and I cannot take spicy food or hot food. Could you please suggest the remedies. I had consulted the dermatologist also .He gave me some ointment named as clone taxol for applying towards the read area. Awaiting your valuable advise I this behalf. With kind regards. Sent from my iPad | lichen planus | treatment | Q54-S1-A1 | 106 | The goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms and speed healing. If your symptoms are mild, you may not need treatment. Treatments may include: - Antihistamines - Medicines that calm down the immune system (in severe cases) - Lidocaine mouthwashes to numb the area and make eating more comfortable (for mouth sores) - Topical corticosteroids or oral corticosteroids to reduce swelling and lower immune responses - Corticosteroid shots into a sore - Vitamin A as a cream or taken by mouth - Other medicines that are applied to the skin - Dressings placed over your skin with medicines to keep you from scratching - Ultraviolet light therapy |
Q55 | know more about | My Daughter have Distal renal tubular acidosis. we are from Mexico, and we ae woundering if can send to us more infomation. maybe you can reccommend to us a association???? i don?t know | distal renal tubular acidosis | information | Q55-S1-A1 | 107 | Distal renal tubular acidosis is a disease that occurs when the kidneys do not properly remove acids from the blood into the urine. As a result, too much acid remains in the blood (called acidosis). |
Q56 | Klinefelter Syndrome | I would like to learn more about my condition. Please send me any literature you feel I could use. thanks, [NAME] | klinefelter syndrome | information | Q56-S1-A1 | 109 | Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition that occurs in males when they have an extra X chromosome. |
Q56 | Klinefelter Syndrome | I would like to learn more about my condition. Please send me any literature you feel I could use. thanks, [NAME] | klinefelter syndrome | information | Q56-S1-A2 | 110 | Summary Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a condition that occurs in men who have an extra X chromosome. The syndrome can affect different stages of physical, language, and social development. The most common symptom is infertility. Boys may be taller than other boys their age, with more fat around the belly. After puberty, KS boys may have - Smaller testes and penis - Breast growth - Less facial and body hair - Reduced muscle tone - Narrower shoulders and wider hips - Weaker bones - Decreased sexual interest - Lower energy KS males may have learning or language problems. They may be quiet and shy and have trouble fitting in. A genetic test can diagnose KS. There is no cure, but treatments are available. It is important to start treatment as early as possible. With treatment, most boys grow up to have normal lives. Treatments include testosterone replacement therapy and breast reduction surgery. If needed, physical, speech, language, and occupational therapy may also help. NIH: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development |
Q56 | Klinefelter Syndrome | I would like to learn more about my condition. Please send me any literature you feel I could use. thanks, [NAME] | klinefelter syndrome | information | Q56-S1-A3 | 112 | Klinefelter syndrome is a chromosomal condition that affects male physical and cognitive development. Its signs and symptoms vary among affected individuals. Affected individuals typically have small testes that do not produce as much testosterone as usual. Testosterone is the hormone that directs male sexual development before birth and during puberty. A shortage of testosterone can lead to delayed or incomplete puberty, breast enlargement (gynecomastia), reduced facial and body hair, and an inability to have biological children (infertility). Some affected individuals also have genital differences including undescended testes (cryptorchidism), the opening of the urethra on the underside of the penis (hypospadias), or an unusually small penis (micropenis). Older children and adults with Klinefelter syndrome tend to be taller than their peers. Compared with unaffected men, adults with Klinefelter syndrome have an increased risk of developing breast cancer and a chronic inflammatory disease called systemic lupus erythematosus. Their chance of developing these disorders is similar to that of women in the general population. Children with Klinefelter syndrome may have learning disabilities and delayed speech and language development. They tend to be quiet, sensitive, and unassertive, but personality characteristics vary among affected individuals. |
Q57 | Decreasing Wellbutrin HCL XL | Hello, I'm not sure if this is something you can help me with, but I thought that I would ask, as your organization is affiliated with trusted mental health and general health organizations. I was recently taken off of Wellbutrin HCL XL completely without any tapering. I'm having a difficult time finding out online if this is safe (to "go cold turkey") or if I should have been given the medication in slowly-decreasing doses. Can you please offer some guidance? Thank you. [NAME]
| Wellbutrin | tapering | Q57-S1-A1 | 118 | It may take 4 weeks or longer before you feel the full benefit of bupropion. Continue to take bupropion even if you feel well. Do not stop taking bupropion without talking to your doctor. Your doctor may decrease your dose gradually. |
Q58 | Body Lice | How do I get rid of these little devils? Me and My mom have tried so many things to get rid of these bugs and they just don't go away were the family that takes 2 showers and now about 3 showers a day we never understood how they could have infected us but I was just wondering is washing our clothes the best bet to get rid of these things, because apparently it hasn't worked for us. So is there any suggestions? | body lice | treatment | Q58-S1-A1 | 119 | To get rid of lice, take the following important steps: - Bathe regularly to get rid of lice and their eggs. - Change your clothes often. - Wash clothes in hot water (at least 130°F/54°C) and machine dry using the hot cycle. - Items that can't be washed, such as stuffed toys, mattresses, or furniture, can be thoroughly vacuumed to get rid of lice and eggs that have fallen off the body. Your provider may prescribe a skin cream or a wash that contains permethrin, malathione, or benzyl alcohol. If your case is severe, the provider may prescribe medicine that you take by mouth. |
Q59 | ClinicalTrials.gov - Suggestion | We appreciate your response. My son is 24 years old. We cannot find any drugs, treatments as well as hospitals to fight against Wilson's disease in Mongolia. Currently there is only person with Wilson's disease in Mongolia who is my son. We cannot find anything good to help my son at the moment. Therefore, we need somewhere where my son can get help. We are also lack of financial condition to support full treatment for my son. However, we wish to have good medication with less expense if possible. We want to get diagnosed my son's other infected organs and want to know how we can help to get them recovered well. Regards | wilson's disease | treatment | Q59-S1-A1 | 122 | The goal of treatment is to reduce the amount of copper in the tissues. This is done by a procedure called chelation -- certain medications can bind to copper and help remove it through the kidneys or gut. Treatment must be lifelong. The following medications may be used: - Penicillamine (Cuprimine, Depen) binds to copper and leads to increased release of copper in the urine. - Trientine (Syprine) binds (chelates) the copper and increases its release through the urine. - Zinc acetate (Galzin) blocks copper from being absorbed in the intestinal tract. Vitamin E supplements may also be used. Sometimes, medications that chelate copper (especially penicillamine) can affect the function of the brain and nervous system (neurological function). Other medications under investigation may bind copper without affecting neurological function. A low-copper diet may also be recommended. Foods to avoid include: - Chocolate - Dried fruit - Liver - Mushrooms - Nuts - Shellfish You may want to drink distilled water because most tap water flows through copper pipes. Avoid using copper cooking utensils. Symptoms may be treated with exercise or physical therapy. People who are confused or unable to care for themselves may need special protective measures. A liver transplant may be considered in cases where the liver is severely damaged by the disease. |
Q59 | ClinicalTrials.gov - Suggestion | We appreciate your response. My son is 24 years old. We cannot find any drugs, treatments as well as hospitals to fight against Wilson's disease in Mongolia. Currently there is only person with Wilson's disease in Mongolia who is my son. We cannot find anything good to help my son at the moment. Therefore, we need somewhere where my son can get help. We are also lack of financial condition to support full treatment for my son. However, we wish to have good medication with less expense if possible. We want to get diagnosed my son's other infected organs and want to know how we can help to get them recovered well. Regards | wilson's disease | treatment | Q59-S1-A2 | 124 | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Wilson disease: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Wilson Disease - Genetic Testing Registry: Wilson's disease - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Wilson's disease - National Human Genome Research Institute These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care |
Q60 | null | Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis). i am 22yrs now and was 18th when i was detected with the disease in [DATE] 2010 after the conduction of Biopsy. there after i had taken PSS- Pulse for Systemic Sclerosis in which i was given Solumedrol for 9 months. and then after a gap of 6 months since the disease activity progressed i was given PSS again -Dexa for 3 months. along with this i am under medication with medicines as follows Depin, HCQS, Antoxid, Cyra, Omnacortil and Folitrax(weekly on saturdays and sundays). currently am under PSS which is done once in Every 6 months. but i am getting bad digital ulcers on my fingure tips on hands and legs both. i seriously need your help for this as to what else treatment can be done to it. please revert back soon | systemic sclerosis | treatment | Q60-S1-A1 | 125 | There is no specific treatment for scleroderma. Your provider will assess the extent of disease in the lungs, kidneys, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. You will be prescribed medicines and other treatments to control your symptoms and prevent complications. Medicines used to treat scleroderma include: - Corticosteroids such as prednisone. Doses above 10 mg per day are not recommended. - Drugs that suppress the immune system such as methotrexate - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Other treatments for specific symptoms may include: - Medicines for heartburn or swallowing problems - Blood pressure medicines (such as ACE inhibitors) for high blood pressure or kidney problems - Light therapy to relieve skin thickening - Medicines to improve breathing (bosentan) - Treatments to improve Raynaud phenomenon, including medicines, gloves to keep the hands warm, and avoiding smoking Treatment often involves physical therapy as well. |
Q60 | null | Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis). i am 22yrs now and was 18th when i was detected with the disease in [DATE] 2010 after the conduction of Biopsy. there after i had taken PSS- Pulse for Systemic Sclerosis in which i was given Solumedrol for 9 months. and then after a gap of 6 months since the disease activity progressed i was given PSS again -Dexa for 3 months. along with this i am under medication with medicines as follows Depin, HCQS, Antoxid, Cyra, Omnacortil and Folitrax(weekly on saturdays and sundays). currently am under PSS which is done once in Every 6 months. but i am getting bad digital ulcers on my fingure tips on hands and legs both. i seriously need your help for this as to what else treatment can be done to it. please revert back soon | systemic sclerosis | treatment | Q60-S1-A2 | 126 | Currently, there is not a cure for scleroderma, however treatments are available to relieve symptoms and limit damage. Treatment will vary depending on your symptoms. |
Q60 | null | Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis). i am 22yrs now and was 18th when i was detected with the disease in [DATE] 2010 after the conduction of Biopsy. there after i had taken PSS- Pulse for Systemic Sclerosis in which i was given Solumedrol for 9 months. and then after a gap of 6 months since the disease activity progressed i was given PSS again -Dexa for 3 months. along with this i am under medication with medicines as follows Depin, HCQS, Antoxid, Cyra, Omnacortil and Folitrax(weekly on saturdays and sundays). currently am under PSS which is done once in Every 6 months. but i am getting bad digital ulcers on my fingure tips on hands and legs both. i seriously need your help for this as to what else treatment can be done to it. please revert back soon | systemic sclerosis | treatment | Q60-S1-A3 | 127 | These resources address the diagnosis or management of systemic scleroderma: - Cedars-Sinai Medical Center - Genetic Testing Registry: Scleroderma, familial progressive - University of Maryland Medical Center These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care |
Q61 | how to remove my mouth ulcer/canker | Hello dear Dr, i am an afghan student in [LOCATION], the mouth ulcer problem is the worst problem in my lifetime, even three or four times the ulcer grow up in the mouth during of a month. even i can not eat or drink, even though i take care of my mouth every day, so i wish you to consult me about of removing of these ulcer forever. thank you so much | mouth ulcer | treatment | Q61-S1-A1 | 128 | The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms. - The underlying cause of the ulcer should be treated if it is known. - Gently cleaning your mouth and teeth may help relieve your symptoms. - Medicines that you rub directly on the ulcer such as antihistamines, antacids, and corticosteroids may help soothe discomfort. - Avoid hot or spicy foods until the ulcer is healed. |
Q62 | Visual impairment | Dear Sir, My mother is 80 years old. Her eye sight has nearly vanished. Years back left eye sight ended due to optical nerve rupture. On the right eye a white growth has now covered almost the whole retina. The specialists say that this growth is a result of eye surgeries she got years back and now there is no solution for this. Now she can hardly see the shadow things lying very close to her. I would be grateful if you kindly guide me if there is any solution for this. Thanks | visual impairment | information | Q62-S1-A1 | 129 | If you have low vision, eyeglasses, contact lenses, medicine, or surgery may not help. Activities like reading, shopping, cooking, writing, and watching TV may be hard to do. The leading causes of low vision and blindness in the United States are age-related eye diseases: macular degeneration, cataract and glaucoma. Other eye disorders, eye injuries, and birth defects can also cause vision loss. Whatever the cause, lost vision cannot be restored. It can, however, be managed. A loss of vision means that you may have to reorganize your life and learn new ways of doing things. If you have some vision, visual aids such as special glasses and large print books can make life easier. There are also devices to help those with no vision, like text-reading software and braille books. The sooner vision loss or eye disease is found and treated, the greater your chances of keeping your remaining vision. You should have regular comprehensive eye exams by an eye care professional. |
Q63 | list of questions | I have a list of questions about Tay sachs disease and clubfoot 1. what is TSD/Clubfoot, and how does it effect a baby 2. what causes both? can it be prevented, treated, or cured 3. How common is TSD? how common is Clubfoot 4. How can your "agency" help a women/couple who are concerned about this congenital condition, and is there a cost? If you can answer these few questions I would be thankful, please get back as soon as you can. | clubfoot | information | Q63-S1-A1 | 130 | Clubfoot is when the foot turns inward and downward. It is a congenital condition, which means it is present at birth. |
Q63 | list of questions | I have a list of questions about Tay sachs disease and clubfoot 1. what is TSD/Clubfoot, and how does it effect a baby 2. what causes both? can it be prevented, treated, or cured 3. How common is TSD? how common is Clubfoot 4. How can your "agency" help a women/couple who are concerned about this congenital condition, and is there a cost? If you can answer these few questions I would be thankful, please get back as soon as you can. | clubfoot | information | Q63-S1-A2 | 131 | Talipes equinovarus is a congenital (present from birth) condition where the foot turns inward and downward. The cause of this condition is not known, although it may be passed down through families in some cases. This condition occurs in about 1 out of every 1,000 births. Treatment may involve moving the foot into the correct position and using a cast to keep it there. This process is done in small increments over a period of time. In severe cases, surgery may be needed. |
Q63 | list of questions | I have a list of questions about Tay sachs disease and clubfoot 1. what is TSD/Clubfoot, and how does it effect a baby 2. what causes both? can it be prevented, treated, or cured 3. How common is TSD? how common is Clubfoot 4. How can your "agency" help a women/couple who are concerned about this congenital condition, and is there a cost? If you can answer these few questions I would be thankful, please get back as soon as you can. | clubfoot | cause | Q63-S2-A1 | 132 | Clubfoot is the most common congenital disorder of the legs. It can range from mild and flexible to severe and rigid. The cause is not known, but the condition may be passed down through families in some cases. Risk factors include a family history of the disorder and being male. The condition occurs in about 1 out of every 1,000 live births. |
Q63 | list of questions | I have a list of questions about Tay sachs disease and clubfoot 1. what is TSD/Clubfoot, and how does it effect a baby 2. what causes both? can it be prevented, treated, or cured 3. How common is TSD? how common is Clubfoot 4. How can your "agency" help a women/couple who are concerned about this congenital condition, and is there a cost? If you can answer these few questions I would be thankful, please get back as soon as you can. | clubfoot | treatment | Q63-S3-A1 | 133 | Treatment may involve moving the foot into the correct position and using a cast to keep it there. This is often done by an orthopedic specialist. Treatment should be started as early as possible -- ideally, shortly after birth -- when it is easiest to reshape the foot. Gentle stretching and recasting will be done every week to improve the position of the foot. Generally, five to 10 casts are needed. The final cast will stay in place for 3 weeks. After the foot is in the correct position, the child will wear a special brace nearly full time for 3 months. Then, the child will wear the brace at night and during naps for up to 3 years. Often, the problem is a tightened Achilles tendon, and a simple procedure is needed to release it. Some severe cases of clubfoot will need surgery if other treatments do not work, or if the problem returns. The child should be monitored by a health care provider until the foot is fully grown. See: Clubfoot repair |