{"text": "Royal Society Open Science would like to thank all reviewers who contributed their time and expertise by refereeing manuscripts submitted throughout 2019. From previous feedback, we know that most reviewers value recognition of their efforts by the journal and through services such as Publons which are integrated with Royal Society Open Science.The editors of To provide an opportunity for recognition, we list the names of all reviewers (unless they have opted out). This article is made permanent and citeable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure, promotion and grants, or other forms of assessment. 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YXu HXu JXu LXu PXu TXu WXu YXu ZXue JYamamoto YYampolsky LYan JYang BYang CYang DYang HYang Hhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-1537Yang J Yang PYang WYang Yhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-7981Yang Z Yannis GYao BYao Chttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-6094Yasseri T Yasunami MYave WYe YYekutieli Dhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6780-2601Yeo I-S Yesudass AYilmaz Ehttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4411-1821Yin W https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3867-5893Ying Y Yokoyama TYoung LYousaf BYu BYu CYu LYu QYu RYu Zhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6779-3453Yuvakkumar R Shilong ZZaadnoordijk LZamyatin AZarrouk AZeelenberg RZha LZhai SZhai SZhan GZhan SZhang BZhang CZhang CZhang GZhang GZhang JZhang Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-869XZhang L Zhang LZhang MZhang QZhang QZhang T-TZhang WZhang Xhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2560Zhang X Zhang YZhang YZhang ZZhao C-YZhao LZhao SZhao YZheng Ghttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-8135-2766Zhong L Zhong XZhong XZhou HZhou SZhou SZhou TZhou WZhou WZhou XZhou YZhou ZZhu CZhu CZhu GZhu JZhu JZhu MZhu MZhu Xhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6369-7552Zhu Z-n http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1611-6916Zhuravlev A Ziauddeen HZidan DZimmermann EZoellner SZoidis AZou LZou QZuber AZuk NJZuo JZwijnenburg MThe team greatly appreciate all the work our reviewers do on behalf of the journal, and we look forward to working with you again in 2020."}
{"text": "The ORCID iDs are missing for the second, fifth, and seventh author. Please see the authors\u2019 respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4547-1565).Author Laurie Zawertailo\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-4547-1565 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-4159).Author Susan J. Bondy\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-6516-4159 (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5401-2996).Author Peter L. Selby\u2019s ORCID iD is 0000-0001-5401-2996 ("}
{"text": "Date: 2020, JuneErratumDOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.67Balkan Med J 2020;37:231-232. Epub 2020 Apr 15Arab-Zozani M, Hassanipour S. Features and Limitations of LitCovid Hub for Quick Access to Literature About COVID-19. The references for the article has been corrected as following:REFERENCES1. She J, Liu L, Liu W. COVID-19 epidemic: disease characteristics in children. J Med Virol 2020;92:747-54.2. Higgins G, Freedman J. Improving decision making in crisis. J J Bus Contin Emer Plan 2013;7:65-76.3. Johansson MA, Saderi D. Open peer-review platform for COVID-19 preprints. Nature 2020.4. Chen Q, Allot A, Lu Z. Keep up with the latest coronavirus research. Nature 2020;579:29.5. Carvalho T. COVID-19 Research in Brief: 28 March to 3 April, 2020. Nat Med 2020. doi: 10.1038/d41591-020-00008-y. Online ahead of print.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date: 2020, JuneErratumDOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.100Balkan Med J 2020;37:233-233. Epub 2020 Apr 24Ak\u015fit E, K\u0131r\u0131lmaz B, Gazi E, Ayd\u0131n F. Ticagrelor Can Be an Important Agent in the Treatment of Severe COVID-19 Patients with Myocardial Infarction. The references for the article has been corrected as following:REFERENCES1. Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost 2020;18:844-7.2. Acar L, Atalan N, Karagedik EH, Ergen A. Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha and Nuclear Factor-kappa B Gene Variants in Sepsis. Balkan Med J 2018;35:30-5.3. Kubisa MJ, Jezewski MP, Gasecka A, Siller-Matula JM, Postula M. Ticagrelor-toward more efficient platelet inhibition and beyond. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018;14:129-40.4. Sexton TR, Zhang G, Macaulay TE, Callahan LA, Charnigo R, Vsevolozhskaya OA, et al. Ticagrelor reduces thromboinflammatory markers in patients with pneumonia. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018;3:435-49.5. Lancellotti P, Musumeci L, Jacques N, Servais L, Goffin E, Pirotte B, et al. Antibacterial activity of ticagrelor in conventional antiplatelet dosages against antibiotic-resistant Gram positive bacteria. JAMA Cardiol 2019;4:596-9."}
{"text": "An additional affiliation is missing for the third author. Juan R. Moreno-Vera is also affiliated with Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Providencia, Chile.The ORCID iDs are missing for the first, third, and fourth authors. Please see the authors\u2019 respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9272-5177).Author Cosme J. G\u00f3mez-Carrasco\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-9272-5177 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5395-5981).Author Juan R. Moreno-Vera\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-5395-5981 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5573-9748).Author Marta Sainz-G\u00f3mez\u2019s ORCID iD is 0000-0002-5573-9748 ("}
{"text": "This chapter provides an overview of the human, economic, social, and political costs of COVID-19. The pandemic has had immediate negative health effects and is likely to also cause long-term health\u00a0problems. In addition to economic repercussions across numerous sectors, COVID-19 has also had significant social and political effects. The chapter focuses on the strains that the pandemic has imposed on relationships between family members, friends, and romantic partners. It shows how COVID-19 has changed social practices in various everyday environments , as the public has been forced to reimagine spaces and how to interact within them in ways that comply with new social distancing norms. The chapter also illustrates many of the political implications of COVID-19, including the way it has exacerbated ongoing political conflicts within and between states, compounded pre-existing international problems related to the movement of people, and affected levels of trust and political participation. The origins and evolution of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) can be traced back to the Chinese province of Hubei, where the first cases were identified in December 2019.The human cost of COVID-19 is significant, yet its true scale is still uncertain. In addition to its immediate negative health effects, it is likely that the pandemic will also lead to a number of long-term health problems such as persistent pulmonary damage, post-viral fatigue, and chronic cardiac complications.When it comes to race and ethnicity, some groups have been affected more than others. For example, black Americans have been disproportionately susceptible to infection and died at higher rates early on in the pandemic.Social class has also had a profound effect on the ability of people to protect themselves or recover from the virus. Data suggest, for example, that wealthier people have the resources to better adhere to social distancing policies and norms; are less likely to suffer from pre-existing health conditions; can more easily afford to stock up on food, medical, hygiene, and cleaning supplies; and are more likely to perform higher-skilled jobs that allow them to work from home.Socio-economic inequalities have had an impact on the effects of COVID-19 not only within individual countries, but also on a global scale. Many lower- and middle-income countries face significant economic contractions in terms of growth and income levels as a result of the pandemic.In addition to the human costs, COVID-19 has also taken a significant toll on the global economy, particularly due to severe travel restrictions and lockdown measures aimed at reducing its spread. A significant number of workers across various sectors have lost their jobs, and this trend is likely to continue for the foreseeable future.The pandemic has also disrupted international trade relationships. For example, it rendered post-Brexit trade negotiations between the United Kingdom (UK) and the European Union (EU) more challengingSome sectors of the economy have been particularly affected by the pandemic and are experiencing significant contraction, as is the case with higher education. In some countries, such as the US, the UK, and Australia, many universities rely heavily  on the recruitment of international students, who generally pay higher enrolment fees than their domestic counterparts. Travel and visa restrictions during the pandemic have resulted in withdrawals and lower enrolment numbers among international students, with significant financial implications for the universities most affected.The creative arts sector has also struggled to cope with and adapt to the pandemic. Many music venues, theatres, and cinemas around the world were forced to keep their doors closed in the first half of 2020 due to social distancing rules and to reduce risks associated with the spread of COVID-19 in indoor environments. Some places reintroduced these measures during\u00a0subsequent waves of the pandemic. The music industry has been significantly affected, with shows and festivals cancelled and album releases postponed.The transportation sector will also feel the economic impact of the pandemic for the foreseeable future. Industry experts forecast a record-breaking financial loss for the commercial aviation sector. International flights in and out of many countries have been severely restricted, demand for air travel has plummeted, and airlines must take costly safety precautions to limit proximity to other passengers such as leaving middle seats empty. Cruise ship operators have not been immune to the pandemic either, especially due to people\u2019s concerns regarding difficulties in abiding by social distancing rules in confined spaces.Relatedly, the tourism industry faces unprecedented economic challenges due to travel restrictions and lower levels of disposable income among consumers who have been financially hit by the pandemic, resulting in hundreds of billions US$ in losses across the sector.We knew that our restaurants would be very quiet so we immediately pushed our online orders when COVID-19 restrictions came into play. We\u2019re lucky that we manufacture all our own pasta, sauces, pizzas and other products so pushing [these products] through clever marketing worked well for us. We introduced our \u2018Door-to-Door Service\u2019 which saw us visiting various suburbs on various days and this was very well received\u2026 It\u2019s something our customers love and therefore something we\u2019ll continue even when restrictions lift\u2026 We also decided to hold an online event. Like a dinner dance, but streamed online where customers purchase tickets to watch the entertainment and then they also have the option of purchasing a dinner pack that\u2019s delivered to them before the event. This has also been well received.The restaurant and food services sectors have faced significant obstacles to profitability, and many businesses have been forced to shutter their doors. In some cases, the government has stepped in\u00a0to force temporary closures or implement measures that require significant adjustments to a standard restaurant business model. Restaurants have had to contend with a severe reduction in consumer demand, a lower capacity to seat patrons, and unexpected expenditures to address safety concerns like adding plastic partitions to protect staff or redesigning seating arrangements, sometimes by prioritizing outdoors spaces.Following the easing of restrictions after the first wave of the pandemic, some governments stepped in\u00a0to provide financial support for the industry by encouraging people to dine out.The sports industry has also been significantly affected by the pandemic, with major sporting events cancelled or postponed all over the world. Mass gatherings and large-scale events generate crowds where the risk of COVID-19 transmission rises exponentially. In March 2020, Japan\u2019s Prime Minister and the president of the International Olympic Committee announced the postponement of the 2020 Tokyo Games, marking the first time the Olympics have been rescheduled for a reason other than war.The agricultural sector has also faced considerable challenges. At the early stages of the pandemic, the prices of agricultural goods fell significantly, particularly due to lower demand from hotels and restaurants.In addition to the areas examined in the foregoing analysis, other sectors that have been\u00a0affected by COVID-19 include the manufacturing industry, the financial sector, the healthcare and pharmaceutical industry, and the real estate and housing sector.Sex workers have also been affected by the social distancing restrictions implemented during the pandemic, given the central role that physical contact plays in the industry. Moreover, the stigma and discrimination that those working in this industry already experience has increased during the pandemic, further contributing to economic hardship across the sector. Some have responded by either demanding government support or by adapting their business model to emphasize other online services.[My husband and I] were both looking at her and she\u2019s looking at us and she\u2019s hugging a dolly. And they\u2019re through the glass. It was her birthday. And she came up to the glass, she puts her hand up [to ours] and she kissed the glass and I kissed the glass. We kissed each other through the glass and it was just heart-wrenching\u2026 I said, \u2018I wish I could hug you, I miss you, I\u2019m gonna throw you kisses\u2019. We would go out into the yard and we stayed far away. We kind of did it all. [At first] we just did FaceTime. Then we started between the windows\u2014we could at least see her there.In addition to its extensive economic implications, COVID-19 has also had a drastic effect on social life around the globe. Government measures related to social distancing rules, stay-at-home orders, business lockdowns, and curfews have in many cases eroded community relationships by drastically reducing opportunities for physical face-to-face interaction. These measures have significantly affected family life, both by increasing proximity among those forced to shared confined spaces during lockdownsThe pandemic has taken away spontaneity from normal gestures of affection. There is fear but, at the same time, there is also a desire to hug grandchildren, children, and friends during the lockdown. [The pandemic] has taken away physical contact and people have had to replace this with video calls or messages, both with relatives and friends, in an attempt to exorcise fear.Likewise, a\u00a0grandmother in Italy\u00a0whom we also\u00a0interviewed explained:The pandemic has clearly rendered relationships among family and friends more difficult for many.Relationships between humans and non-human animals, and social practices surrounding them, have also been impacted. For example, data show that there has been a significant increase in pet ownership and adoption, as pets help reduce stress and loneliness, or encourage healthier and more active lifestyles.The pandemic has also resulted in a housing crisis, as many people can no longer afford their rent or mortgage payments, thus risking eviction and homelessness.When our school reopened\u2026 the space was reorganized with single-seat desks\u2026 pupils always had to wear surgical masks and could only remove them in \u2018static\u2019 moments, sitting at their desks. They could not move nor could they pass materials among themselves\u2026 The interaction between teachers also profoundly changed. Teachers used to gather in the faculty lounge, which could no longer be used due to COVID-19. Opportunities for meetings and interactions with colleagues were clearly reduced; at the same time, teachers began to meet in online spaces like Google Meet, especially to share teaching practices. Yet, the ability to interact was decidedly reduced.COVID-19 has also changed social practices in various everyday environments due to the need to re-imagine spaces and people\u2019s interaction within them in ways that comply with social distancing norms.Universities have also been forced to adjust courses and curricula for online delivery. While this is practically feasible, students\u00a0may have fewer opportunities to participate in the off-line social networking that is crucial for career development.The pandemic has also affected the way people eat\u00a0and drink. Restaurants, for example, have had to undergo several changes, including redesigning their spaces, accommodating lower numbers of customers in order to respect social distancing rules, making greater use of smart technologies , and expanding their takeaway and delivery services. Likewise, government restrictions have forced some bars to close for extended periods of time in many locations. Those that\u00a0have reopened or remained open had to reimagine how they serve customers and manage interactions between staff and patrons. Complex rules around indoor and outdoor spaces, as well as food service as it relates to the sale of alcohol, affect whether we visit these establishments and our experiences while there.Cafes have been forced to respond to the pandemic in creative ways as well, with some selling their stock as groceries and expanding their takeaway and delivery services.Barbershops and hairdressers have also been at the epicentre of public debate concerning lockdown measures during the pandemic, with disagreement as to whether they constitute \u2018essential\u2019 businesses that should be exempt from lockdown restrictions. Barbershops traditionally serve important social functions for some cultural groups as spaces for community building, leisure and entertainment, gossip and local political engagement,Beyond its direct effect on people\u2019s health, COVID-19 has also indirectly affected people\u2019s ability to stay healthy. For example, lockdown and social distancing restrictions aimed at reducing its spread have changed the way people exercise,Participants in this study mentioned that Meetup was one of the main avenues in which they were exposed to new, potential relationships and that, due to lockdown measures, they had no way of expanding their social networks and thus making new friends. COVID-19 also had an amplifying effect on existing relationships within Meetup groups in the sense that close relationships became closer, and weak ones, weaker. Where relationships were strong enough, participants often used other social networking sites such as Facebook, WhatsApp and Instagram to maintain contact during lockdown, which highlights the importance of polymedia use.The pandemic has affected other areas of social life related to leisure and recreation. Event-based social networks like Meetup, for example, have been forced to transition to virtual platforms in order to interact.The way people travel for holidays and tourism has also changed.Travelling by public transport now includes additional demands to maintain social distance on crowded buses and subways. Passengers must also take new precautions to avoid handles and other surfaces that could spread the virus. Forward-thinking researchers will need to develop safer public transport infrastructureThe broader social effects of COVID-19 also concern the tensions that may arise between different individuals and social groups. Instances of social hoarding were particularly common at the\u00a0onset of the pandemic, with people fighting over such products as toilet paper, hand sanitizer, flour, and pasta in shops and supermarkets.The global pandemic has generated a range of international and domestic political problems. The COVID-19 health crisis constitutes an exogenous shock to the broader international system, disrupting international politics and creating new tensions between adversaries and allies alike. It will undoubtedly have profound implications for and lasting effects on geopolitics for years to come.The pandemic has the potential to exacerbate ongoing political conflicts between states. For example, COVID-19 risks inflaming tensions between India and Pakistan over Kashmir. As political leaders in both countries focus on fighting the virus, we could see further entrenchment of the militarized status quo, as well as local efforts to highlight the inadequacy of Indian governance in Kashmir. There is the potential that hardline Indian nationalist policies might be used to divert public attention from the COVID-19 crisis. However, the scale of the pandemic threat will most likely shift attention in India and Pakistan to the immediate demands of public health services and the need to alleviate economic hardship domestically.Polities with supranational governance structures like the European Union have experienced discord over new policies. EU member states eventually managed to compromise on an economic recovery plan in July 2020, despite tensions during the negotiation process, especially due to concerns of so-called \u2018frugal\u2019 countries about the cost of the plan.The pandemic has also compounded pre-existing international problems related to the movement of people. Asylum seekers and refugees have been particularly affected,The public health crisis is also affecting domestic political divisions in multiple contexts. For example, during post-Brexit negotiations between the UK and the EU, some politicians exploited the pandemic for partisan political gain.The pandemic poses unique challenges to state stability and could compound risks of political violence, internal armed conflict, and incidents of state failure. Rebel groups and other militant actors have seized opportunities to expand control, advance political objectives, and demonstrate a capacity to govern and enforce rules. For example, armed actors operating along the southwest coast of Colombia made public declarations that curfew violators would be treated as \u2018military targets\u2019.Political participation has also been affected by the pandemic. Protest politics, for example, has been at the epicentre of public debate. On the one hand, citizens in some countries have taken to the streets to protest against government restrictions to contain the virus, such as lockdown and stay-at-home orders.The effects on political participation also extend to electoral politics. For example, in some countries local and national political authorities decided to postpone electionsTrust is an important aspect of political life as it relates to politicians, law enforcement, and the media, among others. High-profile incidents of politicians who ignore their own stay-at-home ordersThis chapter provided an overview of the human, economic, social, and political costs of the pandemic. The world faces unprecedented challenges related to COVID-19, including an immense strain on relationships and the way people interact with one another in different aspects of their lives. Uncertainty and disruptions to social and political life will require a better understanding as to how the broader public needs to prepare and respond. Politicians and other decision-makers will face increasing pressure to come up with policies that are effective at containing the pandemic, limiting its economic impact, and minimising harmful social and political consequences. They face the difficult task of balancing diverse interests, values, and demands, while also having to ensure that they rely on sound scientific evidence. In the remainder of this book, we will examine all these challenges through the lens of civility.Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol. 71, No. 15 (2020): 882\u2013883. 10.1093/cid/ciaa112.Liangsheng Zhang et al., \u2018Origin and Evolution of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus\u2019, The New York Times, 22 March 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/03/22/world/coronavirus-spread.html.Jin Wu et al., \u2018How the Virus Got Out The New York Times\u2019, MedRxiv, published online on 13 June 2020, 1\u201310. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.13.20129627.Gemma Chavarria-Mir\u00f3 et al., \u2018Sentinel Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater Anticipates the Occurrence of COVID-19 Cases\u2019, MedRxiv, published online on 2020. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.25.20140061.Giuseppina La Rosa et al., \u2018SARS-CoV-2 Has Been Circulating in Northern Italy Since December 2019: Evidence from Environmental Monitoring\u2019, NewsGP, 24 June 2020. https://www1.racgp.org.au/newsgp/clinical/what-are-the-long-term-health-risks-post-covid-19.Evelyn Lewin, \u2018What Are the Long-Term Health Risks Following COVID-19?\u2019, QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, Vol. 113, No. 10 (2020): 707\u2013712. 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa202.Leo Sher, \u2018The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Suicide Rates\u2019, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 11 February 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/older-adults.html.Anonymous, \u2018Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)\u2019, ABC News, 29 July 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-07-29/victoria-coronavirus-aged-care-deaths-rise-as-cases-up-295/12502298.Anonymous, \u2018Victoria Records Its Second-Deadliest Day as 87 Aged Care Homes Battle Coronavirus Outbreaks\u2019, The Lancet, Vol. 395, No. 10227 (2020): 846\u2013848. 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30526-2; John Ng et al., \u2018COVID-19 Mortality Rates by Age and Gender: Why Is the Disease Killing More Men than Women?\u2019, RGA, 10 July 2020. https://rgare.com/knowledge-center/media/research/covid-19-mortality-rates-by-age-and-gender-why-is-the-disease-killing-more-men-than-women.Clare Wenham, Julia Smith, and Rosemary Morgan, \u2018COVID-19: The Gendered Impacts of the Outbreak\u2019, The Lancet Global Health, Vol. 8, No. 7 (2020): e901\u2013908. 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30229-1.Timothy Roberton et al., \u2018Early Estimates of the Indirect Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Maternal and Child Mortality in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: A Modelling Study\u2019, ProPublica, 3 April 2020. https://www.propublica.org/article/early-data-shows-african-americans-have-contracted-and-died-of-coronavirus-at-an-alarming-rate.Akilah Johnson and Talia\u00a0Buford, \u2018Early Data Shows African Americans Have Contracted and Died of Coronavirus at an Alarming Rate\u2019, The Guardian, 21 May 2020. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/20/black-americans-death-rate-covid-19-coronavirus; Erin K. 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Will Australia Act Before It\u2019s Too Late?\u2019, Parliament of Australia, 19 May 2020. https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/FlagPost/2020/May/COVID-19_-_impacts_on_refugees_and_asylum_seekers.Harriet Spinks, \u2018Seeking Asylum in the Time of Coronavirus: COVID-19 Pandemic Effects on Refugees and People Seeking Asylum\u2019, Brookings, 27 March 2020. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/03/27/class-and-covid-how-the-less-affluent-face-double-risks/; Anonymous, \u2018The Social Impact of COVID-19\u2019, United Nations, 6 April 2020. https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/2020/04/social-impact-of-covid-19/.Richard V. 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Even the Hairdressers Want to Close\u2019, ABC News, 25 March 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-03-26/coronavirus-hairdresser-limit-to-be-scrapped/12091700.Brett Worthington, \u2018\u201cJust Bonkers\u201d: Hairdressers Slam Reversal of 30-Minute Time Limit and Lack of Shutdown\u2019, The Washington Post, 13 May 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/coronavirus-michigan-republicans-whitmer/2020/05/12/54975e1a-9466-11ea-82b4-c8db161ff6e5_story.html.Moriah Balingit, \u2018Armed Militia Helped a Michigan Barbershop Open, a Coronavirus Defiance That Puts Republican Lawmakers in a Bind\u2019, Australian Government Department of Health, 11 May 2020. https://www.health.gov.au/news/health-alerts/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-health-alert/ongoing-support-during-coronavirus-covid-19/exercising-and-staying-active-during-coronavirus-covid-19-restrictions; Anonymous, \u2018#HealthyAtHome\u2014Physical Activity\u2019, World Health Organisation, 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/campaigns/connecting-the-world-to-combat-coronavirus/healthyathome/healthyathome---physical-activity.Australian Government Department of Health, \u2018Exercising and Staying Active During Coronavirus (COVID-19) Restrictions\u2019, BBC News, 22 July 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-53487312.Francesca Gillett, \u2018Coronavirus: How Joe Wicks\u2019 Fitness Workouts \u201cChanged My Life\u201d\u2019, ABC News, 1 August 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-08-01/nsw-gyms-require-coronavirus-marshal/12514014; Mimi Becker, \u2018Timeline for Gyms Reopening Across Australia\u2019, 9Now, 20 May 2020. https://9now.nine.com.au/a-current-affair/coronavirus-gyms-reopening-across-australia-in-may-and-june-how-they-plan-to-minimise-covid19-risk/66a89335-d5f8-4f6f-bfc8-0ce2b520b2be; Jacob McMaster and Ferguson Claudia, \u2018COVID-19 Rules Tighten for Gyms\u2019, Narooma News, 7 August 2020. https://www.naroomanewsonline.com.au/story/6866646/covid-19-rules-tighten-for-gyms/.Adriane Reardon and Timothy Fernandez, \u2018\u201cIt\u2019s Been Very Full on\u201d: 24/7 Gyms Feel the Pinch as New COVID-19 Restrictions Take Effect\u2019, ABC News, 28 June 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-28/sydneys-green-space-use-booms-during-covid-19/12400104.Anonymous, \u2018Massive Boost to Outdoor Exercise in Sydney\u2019s Green Spaces During COVID-19, Survey Finds\u2019, OUPblog, 7 August 2020. https://blog.oup.com/2020/08/raising-a-teenager-with-an-eating-disorder-in-a-pandemic/; Achraf Ammar et al., \u2018Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey\u2019, Nutrients, Vol. 12, No. 6 (2020): 1583. 10.3390/nu12061583; Andrea Phillipou et al., \u2018Eating and Exercise Behaviors in Eating Disorders and the General Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia: Initial Results from the COLLATE Project\u2019, International Journal of Eating Disorders, Vol. 53, No. 7 (2020): 1158\u20131165. 10.1002/eat.23317.Timothy Walsh and Deborah Glasofer, \u2018Raising a Teenager with an Eating Disorder in a Pandemic\u2019, The Hindu, 3 August 2020. https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/how-meetup-groups-are-staying-in-touch-through-virtual-platforms/article32258295.ece.Liffy Thomas, \u2018How Meetup Groups Are Staying in Touch Through Virtual Platforms\u2019, Lourdes Zamanillo Tamborrel, interview questions via personal correspondence, 2 November 2020. For additional details see Lourdes Zamanillo Tamborrel, \u2018Meetup.com: A Cohesive Tool for Multicultural Societies?\u2019, PhD thesis in progress, Monash University, Melbourne.CNBC, 10 May 2020. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/05/10/heres-how-travel-will-change-after-the-covid-19-pandemic-recedes.html.Kenneth Kiesnoski, \u2018Travel Changed After 9/11; Here\u2019s How It Will Look After the Covid-19 Pandemic Finally Recedes\u2019, The Guardian, 21 March 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/mar/21/bondi-beach-closed-down-after-crowds-defy-ban-on-gatherings-of-more-than-500-people; Angela Giuffrida, \u2018Coronavirus Brings Tension and Prejudice to Italy\u2019s Beaches\u2019, The Guardian, 12 July 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/12/coronavirus-brings-tension-prejudice-italy-beaches; Anonymous, \u2018War, Algae, Virus: The Beach That Won\u2019t Be Beaten\u2019, BBC News, 15 June 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-53054161.Ben Smee, \u2018Bondi Beach Closed After Crowds Defy Ban on Gatherings of 500-Plus\u2019, The Sydney Morning Herald, 5 August 2020. https://www.smh.com.au/environment/conservation/good-for-the-soul-visits-to-nsw-national-parks-soar-amid-covid-19-20200805-p55iu8.html; Lauren Roberts and Henry Zwartz, \u2018Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park Closure Extended Out of \u201cUtmost Respect\u201d Amid Coronavirus Concerns\u2019, ABC News, 4 August 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-08-04/coronavirus-fears-force-closure-of-uluru/12521324.Peter Hannam, \u2018Visits to NSW National Parks Soar During COVID-19\u2019, Journal of Urban Design, published online on 2 July 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2020.1785283.Vikas Mehta, \u2018The New Proxemics: COVID-19, Social Distancing, and Sociable Space\u2019, City & Society, Vol. 32, No. 1 (2020). 10.1111/ciso.12260.Setha Low and Alan Smart, \u2018Thoughts About Public Space During Covid-19 Pandemic\u2019, Monash Lens, 3 June 2020. https://lens.monash.edu/@politics-society/2020/06/03/1380582?slug=returning-confidence-in-public-transport-in-a-post-covid-19-pandemic-world.Selby Coxon et al., \u2018Rethinking Public Transport Post-Pandemic\u2019, Pursuit, 3 August 2020. https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/covid-19-a-challenge-and-an-opportunity-for-public-transport.Peter Sweatman and Majid Sarvi, \u2018Covid-19: A Challenge and an Opportunity for Public Transport\u2019, ZDNet, 30 July 2020. https://www.zdnet.com/article/victorian-government-trials-touchless-pedestrian-crossing-technology-in-melbourne/.Aimee Chanthadavong, \u2018Victorian Government Trials Touchless Pedestrian Crossing Technology in Melbourne\u2019, The Conversation, 4 August 2020. http://theconversation.com/coronavirus-using-crowd-simulation-to-encourage-social-distancing-143121.Roland Geraerts, \u2018Coronavirus: Using Crowd Simulation to Encourage Social Distancing\u2019, Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, Vol. 97, No. 3 (2020): 332\u2013335. 10.1007/s11524-020-00455-5.Eliza W. Kinsey, Dirk Kinsey, and Andrew G. Rundle, \u2018COVID-19 and Food Insecurity: An Uneven Patchwork of Responses\u2019, Disability and Health Journal, Vol. 13, No. 3 (2020): 100943. 10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.100943.Coleen A. 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Intensification of Ageism and Intergenerational Tensions on Social Media Amid COVID-19\u2019, BBC News, 19 July 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-53418762.Soutik Biswass, \u2018India Coronavirus: \u201cOur Neighbours Made Us Covid-19 Pariahs\u201d\u2019, ABC News, 9 May 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-09/coronavirus-covid-19-racist-attacks-data-collection-strategy/12229162.Chin Tan, \u2018Of All the Coronavirus Racist Attacks We\u2019ve Seen, One Story Struck Me the Most\u2019, Human Rights Watch, 12 May 2020. https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/05/12/covid-19-fueling-anti-asian-racism-and-xenophobia-worldwide; Asian Australian Alliance and Osmond Chiu, \u2018COVID-19 Coronavirus Racism Incident Report\u2019, Australian Asian Alliance, 24 April 2020. http://diversityarts.org.au/app/uploads/COVID19-racism-incident-report-Preliminary-Official.pdf.Anonymous, \u2018Covid-19 Fueling Anti-Asian Racism and Xenophobia Worldwide\u2019, The Conversation, 25 April 2020. http://theconversation.com/coronavirus-conspiracy-theories-and-fake-videos-fuel-rise-in-islamophobia-137107; Anonymous, \u2018Coronavirus, Fear and How Islamophobia Spreads on Social Media\u2019, Anti-Muslim Hatred Working Group, 20 April 2020. https://anti-muslim-hatred-working-group.home.blog/2020/04/20/coronavirus-fear-and-how-islamophobia-spreads-on-social-media/.Imran Awan, \u2018Coronavirus: Conspiracy Theories and Fake Videos Fuel Rise in Islamophobia\u2019, The Times of Israel, 23 June 2020. https://www.timesofisrael.com/covid-19-fueling-worldwide-wave-of-anti-semitism-researchers-find/.Stuart Winer, \u2018COVID-19 Fueling Worldwide Wave of Anti-Semitism, Researchers Find\u2019, Health and Human Rights, Vol. 22, No. 1 (2020): 379\u2013382. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7348427/.Margareta Matache and Jacqueline Bhabha, \u2018Anti-Roma Racism Is Spiraling During COVID-19 Pandemic\u2019, Sustainability, Vol. 12, No. 12 (2020): 4912. 10.3390/su12124912.Piotr Sorokowski et al., \u2018Can Information About Pandemics Increase Negative Attitudes Toward Foreign Groups? A Case of COVID-19 Outbreak\u2019, Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, Vol. 23, No. 8 (2020): 19. 10.1089/cyber.2020.0201.Bumsoo Kim, \u2018Effects of Social Grooming on Incivility in COVID-19\u2019, Survival, Vol. 62, No. 3 (2020): 7\u201324. https://doi.org/10.1080/00396338.2020.1763608.Fran\u00e7ois Heisbourg, \u2018From Wuhan to the World: How the Pandemic Will Reshape Geopolitics\u2019, Crisis Group, 24 March 2020. https://www.crisisgroup.org/global/sb4-covid-19-and-conflict-seven-trends-watch; Colum Lynch and Robbie Gramer, \u2018U.S. and China Turn Coronavirus Into a Geopolitical Football\u2019, Foreign Policy, 11 March 2020. https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/03/11/coronavirus-geopolitics-china-united-states-trump-administration-competing-global-health-response/.Anonymous, \u2018COVID-19 and Conflict: Seven Trends to Watch\u2019, BBC News, 2 April 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52161032.Anonymous, \u2018Coronavirus: US \u201cWants 3M to End Mask Exports to Canada and Latin America\u201d\u2019, Foreign Affairs, 6 October 2020. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2020-07-27/vaccine-nationalism-pandemic.Thomas J. 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This Has to Change\u2019, The Lancet, \u2018Humanitarian Crises in a Global Pandemic\u2019, The Lancet, Vol. 396, No. 10249 (2020): 447. 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31749-9.SBS News, 23 July 2020. https://www.sbs.com.au/news/treasury-figures-show-temporary-visa-holders-are-being-disproportionately-hurt-by-coronavirus-lay-offs.Tom Staynor, \u2018Treasury Figures Show Temporary Visa Holders Are Being Disproportionately Hurt by Coronavirus Lay-Offs\u2019, The Indian Express, 11 August 2020. https://indianexpress.com/article/coronavirus/trump-considers-banning-re-entry-by-citizens-who-may-have-coronavirus-6549731/.Anonymous, \u2018Trump Considers Banning Re-Entry by Citizens Who May Have Coronavirus\u2019, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, 7 October 2020. https://www.uscis.gov/about-us/uscis-response-to-covid-19.Anonymous, \u2018USCIS Response to COVID-19\u2019, Blavatnik School of Government, 14 September 2020. https://www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/research/research-projects/coronavirus-government-response-tracker.Anonymous, \u2018Coronavirus Government Response Tracker\u2019, European Council of Foreign Relations, 12 August 2020. https://www.ecfr.eu/publications/summary/the_brexit_parenthesis_three_ways_the_pandemic_is_changing_uk_politics.Mark Leonard, \u2018The Brexit Parenthesis: Three Ways the Pandemic Is Changing UK Politics\u2019, The Washington Post, 14 July 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-cites-game-show-host-on-pandemic-while-undercutting-doctors-and-questioning-their-expertise/2020/07/13/a083ea5c-c51f-11ea-8ffe-372be8d82298_story.html.Toluse Olorunnipa, \u2018Trump Cites Game Show Host on Pandemic While Undercutting Doctors and Questioning Their Expertise\u2019, The Guardian, 29 June 2020. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/29/face-masks-us-politics-coronavirus.Lauren Aratani, \u2018How Did Face Masks Become a Political Issue in America?\u2019, Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, Vol. 2, No. 3 (2020): 200\u2013211. 10.1002/hbe2.202; Ashley Quarcoo and Rachel Kleinfeld, \u2018Can the Coronavirus Heal Polarization?\u2019, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1 May 2020. https://carnegieendowment.org/2020/05/01/can-coronavirus-heal-polarization-pub-81704.Julie Jiang et al., \u2018Political Polarization Drives Online Conversations About COVID-19 in the United States\u2019, The Washington Post, 26 July 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/colombia-coronavirus-farc-eln-guerrillas/2020/07/25/927d3c06-cb64-11ea-bc6a-6841b28d9093_story.html.Megan Janetsky and Anthony Faiola, \u2018Colombian Guerrillas Are Using Coronavirus Curfews to Expand Their Control. Violators Have Been Killed\u2019, FDD\u2019s Long War Journal, published online on 13 March 2020. https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2020/03/jihadists-discuss-coronavirus-offer-advice.php; Gregoire Phillips, \u2018As Governments Dither on COVID-19, Jihadists and Gang Leaders Step In\u2019, Political Violence at a Glance, 15 April 2020. https://politicalviolenceataglance.org/2020/04/15/as-governments-dither-on-covid-19-jihadists-and-gang-leaders-step-in/.Caleb Weiss, \u2018Jihadists Discuss Coronavirus, Offer Advice\u2019, The Guardian, 3 August 2020. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/03/berlin-protests-against-coronavirus-rules-divide-german-leaders.Kate Connolly, \u2018Berlin Protests Against Coronavirus Rules Divide German Leaders\u2019, ABC News, 25 June 2020. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-26/coronacheck-victoria-black-lives-matter-protests-family-spike/12391628.Anonymous, \u2018CoronaCheck: Is Victoria\u2019s COVID-19 Increase Linked to the Black Lives Matter Protests?\u2019, Time, 7 August 2020. https://time.com/5877242/coronavirus-elections-postpone-delay-hong-kong-covid19/.Laignee Barron, \u2018Lessons From Hong Kong\u2019s Decision to Postpone Elections\u2019, The Washington Post, 25 September 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2020/politics/vote-by-mail-states/; Anonymous, \u2018Postal Voting for Local Government Elections on October 24\u2019, The Wimmera Mail-Times, 15 May 2020. https://www.mailtimes.com.au/story/6758651/postal-voting-for-local-government-elections-on-october-24/.Kate Rabinowitz and Brittany Renee Mayes, \u2018At Least 84% of American Voters Can Cast Ballots By Mail In the Fall\u2019, The Indian Express, 25 June 2020. https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/singapore-general-elections-coronavirus-6473772/; Christopher Thomas, \u2018Elections and COVID-19: Ensuring Safety in the Voting Process\u2019, Esri, 21 April 2020. https://www.esri.com/about/newsroom/blog/covid-19-social-distancing-elections-process/.Anonymous, \u2018Singapore to Hold General Elections Amid Covid-19: What Is at Stake?\u2019, BBC News, 5 July 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53216390.Yvette Tan, \u2018Coronavirus in Singapore: Election Campaigning Without the Handshakes\u2019, AP NEWS, 8 July 2020, https://apnews.com/article/ad96548245e186382225818d8dc416eb; 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{"text": "Tetrastichus  are revised with 93 species, including 50 species described as new. The revision was conducted using an integrative taxonomic approach, based on DNA barcoding in combination with morphological characters. The Tetrastichinae are a biologically diverse and species-rich group of parasitoid wasps with numerous complexes of morphologically often very similar species that attack a wide range of hosts in over 100 insect families in 10 different orders. The genus Tetrastichus is, with almost 500 described species, the third largest genus of Tetrastichinae. Although biological information is lacking for most species, current data indicate that Tetrastichus species are gregarious koinobiont endoparasitoids developing on juvenile stages of mainly holometabolous insects. Due to their host specificity, several species of Tetrastichus are used as biological control agents.The European species of the genus Tetrastichus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) are revised using a combination of externo-morphological and DNA barcoding data. This is the first integrative approach for any of the large genera of the Tetrastichinae. A total of 93 species are included, of which 50 are described as new: T.agonussp. n., T.antonjanssonisp. n., T.argeisp. n., T.argutussp. n., T.asilissp. n., T.ballotussp. n., T.blediussp. n., T.broncussp. n., T.calcariussp. n., T.calmiussp. n., T.clisiussp. n., T.cosidissp. n., T.cumulussp. n., T.cyprussp. n., T.delvareisp. n., T.doczkalisp. n., T.elanussp. n., T.elodiussp. n., T.ennissp. n., T.enodissp. n., T.erinussp. n., T.evexussp. n., T.fadussp. n., T.fenrisisp. n., T.flacciussp. n., T.grediussp. n., T.iasisp. n., T.illydrissp. n., T.incanussp. n., T.inscitussp. n., T.intruitussp. n., T.johnnoyesisp. n., T.lacustrinussp. n., T.ladrussp. n., T.laniussp. n., T.laziussp. n., T.lixaliussp. n., T.lycussp. n., T.marcusgrahamisp. n., T.miniussp. n., T.mixtussp. n., T.nataliedaleskeyaesp. n., T.nymphaesp. n., T.pixiussp. n., T.scardiaesp. n., T.splendenssp. n., T.stisp. n., T.suecussp. n., T.tacitussp. n. and T.tartussp. n. Two keys for the identification of species are presented, one for females and one for males. Based on DNA barcode sequences for 70 of the species, a Maximum Likelihood tree to assess phylogenetic relationships within the genus is presented. These 70 species are also characterised by a combination of CO1 and morphological data. The remaining 23 species, without a DNA barcode, are characterised by morphological data. Using a combination of data from the morphology and CO1 or morphological data only, the species are separated into three species groups  with 41 unplaced species outside these groups. Hosts are known for 27 of the species and they are gregarious, koinobiont endoparasitoids on a wide range of immature stages of holometabolous insects and appear to be very host specific. The first host record for Lepidoptera (Tineidae) in Europe is included.The European species of  Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) are one of the largest groups of parasitoid Hymenoptera. They are, with currently about 1650 species in 91 genera, the largest subfamily of the family Eulophidae, that include 297 genera and about 4500 species ) which then became the type species for Tetrastichus. The subsequent fate of Tetrastichus has been quite turbulent. Tetrastichus with Aprostocetus Westwood (priority made Aprostocetus senior to Tetrastichus) and recombined all European species previously in Tetrastichus to Aprostocetus. Tetrastichus and recombined all species back to Tetrastichus. Tetrastichinae and maintained the wide interpretation of Tetrastichus by Domenichini, as did Tetrastichinae and kept Tetrastichus as a valid genus, but now in a very restricted sense, including only species in the so-called miser-group (sensu Graham (1961)Tetrastichus s.lat. were recombined to other existing, or newly created, genera. The bulk of species were transferred to Aprostocetus, which then became a very large genus with several hundred species on a world basis. Tetrastichus s.str., including 42 species, of which 20 were described as new. The species were classified into six species groups and with three unplaced species. In this publication, we follow the definition of Tetrastichus proposed by The genus Tetrastichus species have been found on all continents . The Diptera host groups include a wide range of biologies: saprophagous (Brachyopa spp. Sargus sp.), xylophagous (Xylomyiacabrerae) and gall-making  species. In Hymenoptera, larvae and pupae of sawflies  are targeted. Prior to this article, no host was recorded from Lepidoptera in Europe, but here we present the first record from this order, Scardiaboletella (Fabricius) (Tineidae), that develops in different species of shelf fungi. According to Tetrastichus frequently target Lepidoptera, mainly various moths in rice fields, emerging from host pupae and sometimes also act as hyperparasitoids. The Neotropical species T.periplanetae Crawford targets cockroach oothecae  treated here. The available information from literature and from our own experience strongly indicate that ra Table . Most spoothecae .T.coeruleus (as T.asparagi) and T.crioceridis (as an undescribed Tetrastichus species). Both species are parasitoids of Crioceris spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on asparagus , T.coeruleus on C.asparagi and T.crioceridis on C.duodecimpunctata. The females of both species oviposit in eggs with advanced embryos or in the larvae of their respective host. Both species are monophagous and, in spite of occurring on the same host plant, they do not overlap with each other. In another paper, T.planipennisi Yang. Tetrastichusplanipennisi is an Asiatic species targeting the emerald ash borer (Agrilusplanipennis Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). The wasp female oviposits in larval stages 2-4 and it took about four weeks to complete the development from egg to adult wasp.T.coeruleus in North America  become available. Furthermore, the number of species in Europe is probably much higher than currently known and there is, thus, a high probability that species of Tetrastichus that are not included in the present revision will be encountered in the future, in particular with material that is collected in areas other than the main study area in this article and in Tetrastichus.Species of dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-TTSEUR).For DNA extraction, whole specimens were sent to the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding (CCDB) in Guelph, Canada, for DNA extraction and barcode sequencing and subsequent recovery of vouchers for preparation and morphological study. A complete list of voucher specimens included in the revision is given in Suppl. material S1. DNA extraction, PCR amplification and sequencing were conducted at CCDB, using standardised high-throughput protocols . The 658The data include collecting locality, geographic coordinates, elevation, collector, one or more digital images, identifier and voucher depository. Sequence data can be obtained through BOLD and include a detailed LIMS report, primer information and access to trace files. The sequences are also available on GenBank .T.sinope) with three BINs (with a single specimen each).Due to the expected presence of complexes of cryptic species, i.e. species that are morphologically virtually indistinguishable, all suitable specimens were subjected to DNA barcoding, even at the risk of obtaining a long series of the same species. The final BOLD dataset (DS-TTSEUR) contains 1,128 specimen records, 1,126 of which are associated with a DNA sequence. Amongst the specimens with a barcode sequence, 860 were assigned a Barcode Index Number (BIN) by the BOLD system, resulting in 73 species with one or more BINs. A total of 60 species were represented by a single BIN, 24 species with two BINs and one species (Tetrastichusatratulus (178 specimens), T.halidayi (155 specimens), followed by T.miser (80 specimens), T.temporalis (62 specimens), T.lyridice (34 specimens) and T.leocrates (31 specimens). The remaining 67 species were represented by at most 25 specimens.The initial concerns with obtaining multiple sequences of the same species turned out to be unwarranted. A total of 22% of the species were represented by singletons, almost two thirds (63%) by 1-5 specimens and only two species with over 100 specimens each , the morphological terms used here are explained and illustrated (figs. 6\u201312) in To avoid the problems associated with the requirement by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature  that theThe colour images of the type specimens of previously-described species were made using Canon camera equipment including an EOS 5D Mark IV body, MP E-65 macro lens and macro twin lite MT-24 EX. The camera was attached to a Cognisys stackshot macro rail system. The images of type specimens for the newly-described species were done with the same equipment, except that the macro lens was substituted with a Canon tele-zoom lens, 70\u2013300 mm (using only 135 & 200 mm), with a 10\u00d7 Mitutoyo microscope lens attached. The picture stacking was done with Helicon Focus version 6 software and Adobe Photoshop was used for image processing.The SEM micrographs are from uncoated specimens and were done with a Hitachi SU 3500 scanning electron microscope, in low vacuum.Haliday, 1844D9E0ACBA-9BED-52F0-B5B5-3947CE0E7F46TetrastichusCirrospilusattalus Walker, by monotypy (=T.miser (Nees)). Not TetrastichusTetrastichusGraham (1991)TetrastichusTetrastichus can be diagnosed by a combination of three features: submarginal vein in fore wing with one dorsal seta, mid-lobe of mesoscutum with at least three adnotaular setae on each side and propodeum with a \u00b1 complete lateral longitudinal carina that splits into two in posterior part  2.3, width/length  1.2, POL/OOL 2.2, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.6, 1.4, 1.1, clava length/width 2.2, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.2, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.4, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.3, mesoscutal midlobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 0.8, mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00bd, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.1, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.7, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.5, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 12.5, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.1. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.7, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.4, length longest seta of each cercus/next longest seta 1.6, longest cercal seta nearly straight, ovipositor sheaths projecting slightly beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic greenish-blue tinges, scape yellowish-brown with dorsal edge brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins pale yellowish-brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.MALE. Unknown.7.Antenna very short with F1 1.6\u00d7, F2 1.4\u00d7, F3 1.1\u00d7 and clava 2.2\u00d7 as long as wide; POL/OOL 2.2; distance between SMG 1.7\u00d7 distance SMG to SLG; ovipositor sheaths protruding slightly beyond apex of GtNamed after the collector of the holotype, the Swedish entomologist Anton Jansson, who collected insects mainly in the vicinities of the city \u00d6rebro (N\u00e4rke Province), where he also lived and worked as a journalist.Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU.53E3D40A-B249-580A-9AE7-92AF08C53641EulophusatratulusTetrastichus by TetrastichuspuncticoxaeT.atratulus by See 7. Similar to T.dasyops, but with longer flagellum and shorter ovipositor sheaths. Male with relatively short hairs on eyes, about 0.3\u00d7 OD.Female antenna with length of pedicel+flagellum 1.15\u20131.35\u00d7 width of mesoscutum, F1 2.0\u20132.5\u00d7, F2 1.6\u20132.0\u00d7 and clava (incl. spicule) 2.4\u20133.0\u00d7 as long as wide; submedian grooves of mesoscutellum nearer to sublateral grooves than to each other; apical part of ovipositor sheaths does not reach apex of Gtnew records).(Former) Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, (former) Yugoslavia, Russia, United Kingdom , Sweden Ptecticustenebrifer  (Diptera: Stratiomyiidae) (in Japan) (n Japan) .Type material: neotype \u2640 . Additional material (292\u2640 55\u2642): Austria 2\u2640 , France 51\u2640 2\u2642 , Germany 10\u2640 , Italy 10\u26402\u2642 , Romania 132\u2640 50\u2642 , Russia 3\u2640 (UCRC), Sweden 64\u2640 1\u2642 , United Kingdom 20\u2640 (NHM).Graham, 19910E8CBC2B-AF9A-51D3-A2CA-9989AAEA4C36TetrastichusbrachyopaeSee 7 ; female antennal funicle rather stout, its parts relatively short, F1 1.5\u20131.7\u00d7, F2 1.4\u20131.5\u00d7 as long as broad; male with relatively short setae on eyes, about 0.3\u00d7 OD.Submedian grooves of mesoscutellum equidistant from each other and from sublateral grooves; female gaster with ovipositor sheaths projecting beyond apex of Gt(Former) Czechoslovakia , The NetBrachyopa spp. (Diptera: Syrphidae), clutch size varying from 7\u201318 specimens, with a strong female bias  & B.insensilis Collin (Ulmusglabra and Carpinusbetulus (R. Bygebjerg (MZLU), verbal communication).Gregarious koinobiont endoparasitoid on ale bias . Recordea Collin , B.bicos Collin . In SwedType material: holotype \u2640 . Additional material (39\u2640 3\u2642): the Netherlands 13\u2640 3\u2642 (NHM), Sweden 26\u2640 .Graham, 1991762DF3E3-CEE6-50C5-8D58-F55B3E9ECADATetrastichusdasyopsSee 7or slightly beyond. Similar to T.atratulus, but with shorter antennal flagellum and longer ovipositor sheaths.Female with length of pedicel+flagellum 1.0\u20131.05\u00d7 width of mesoscutum, F1 1.7\u20132.0\u00d7, F2 1.2\u20131.6\u00d7 and antennal clava (incl. spicule) 2.1\u20132.35\u00d7 as long as wide; submedian grooves of mesoscutellum nearer to sublateral grooves than to each other; ovipositor sheaths reach apex of Gtnew records).United Kingdom , Sweden Unknown.Type material: holotype \u2640 . Additional material (158\u2640 14\u2642): France 7\u2640 1\u2642 , Italy 5\u2640 (NHM), Romania 3\u2640 (NHM), Russia 16\u2640 1\u2642 , Spain 1\u2640 (NHM), Sweden 122\u2640 12\u2642 , Switzerland 1\u2640 (NHM), United Kingdom 3\u2640 (NHM).A0D1C2C3-9AE4-5A3F-AF30-5C70AB9452B1urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D25BBA20-4628-4516-B454-876A16F12F92Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D01; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.985; decimalLongitude: 27.585; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A07; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C12; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.985; decimalLongitude: 27.585; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C06; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-C12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-C12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-C12; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-C12; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47; decimalLongitude: 17.27; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B03; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A10; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.9853; decimalLongitude: 27.5847; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A08; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.9853; decimalLongitude: 27.5847; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A06; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-F09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-F09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-F09; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-F09; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-F09+1445344240.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusintruitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Romania; locality: Iasi Botanical Garden; decimalLatitude: 47.188; decimalLongitude: 27.549; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonHead. Width/length  2.2, width/length  2.0, POL/OOL 2.3, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.5, 2.5, 1.9, clava length/width 3.0, lengths pedicel/F1 0.7, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.2, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.6, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.4. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 0.9, mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u2153, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.1, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.6, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.2, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with three setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 11.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.3. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 2.0, longest cercal seta slightly kinked in apical \u00bc, ovipositor sheaths projecting slightly beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak coppery tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-white, coxae and femora black, trochanters dark brown, tibiae dark brown to black with apex yellowish-brown, tarsi yellowish-brown or dark brown.Variation. Scape yellowish-brown (one specimen) or pale brown (one specimen).Head. Width/length  2.5, width/length  2.1, mouth width/malar space 1.4, widths head/mesosoma 1.2. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 without basal whorls of setae, scape length/eye height 0.9, scape length/width 2.5, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.6, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 2.0, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 3.0, 2.7, 2.7, 2.7, clava length/width 6.7, lengths pedicel/F1 0.7, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.1, F1/F4 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.5, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4.MALE. Body length 1.3 mm. Colour. As in female.7. Male with scattered setae and without externo-dorsal, sub-basal compact whorls of long dark setae on funiculars. Through the erect setae on vertex and erect adnotaular setae, similar to species in the murcia -group.Female with antennal flagellum long, for example, F1 and F2 both 2.5\u00d7 and F3 1.9\u00d7 as long as wide and pedicel+flagellum 1.32\u00d7 as long as width of mesoscutum; ovipositor sheaths not protruding beyond apex of GtHungary, Romania.Unknown.Holotype deposited in NHM, paratypes in MZLU, NHM.37723386-61B2-5D1E-8C45-DBBB48E5FA1Durn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9171ECE1-C208-45C1-A34F-F0C4693F428FType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-E06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-E06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-E06; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-E06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslacustrinus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.802; decimalLongitude: 13.747; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B11; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslacustrinus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.714; decimalLongitude: 16.763; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-E01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-E01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-E01; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-E01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslacustrinus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.834; decimalLongitude: 13.528; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A09; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslacustrinus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.834; decimalLongitude: 13.528; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D09; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D09; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslacustrinus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6833; decimalLongitude: 13.4833; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length  2.4, width/length  1.2, POL/OOL 2.0, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 1.9, 1.4, clava length/width 2.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.3, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 0.9, mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00bd, with six adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.2, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.7, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.4, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.1. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.0, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.8, longest seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths not protruding beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak coppery tinges, scape, flagellum and pedicel dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-brown to brown, coxae black with metallic green tinges, trochanters dark brown, femora black, tibiae yellowish-brown, tarsi dark yellowish-brown to infuscate.Variation. Paratypes with scape pale brown to yellowish-brown with dorsal edge brown, wing veins yellowish-white.Head. Width/length  2.1, width/length  1.3, mouth width/malar space 1.1, eye height/malar space 1.3, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, these setae reaching beyond apex of flagellomere attached to, scape length/eye height 1.0, scape length/width 2.6, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.8, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.7, 1.8, 1.5, 2.0, lengths pedicel/F1 1.0, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 1.1, F1/F4 0.8.MALE. Body length 1.2 mm. 7.Female with antennal clava (incl. spicule) 2.8\u00d7 as long as wide; POL/OOL 2.0; distance between SMG 1.7\u00d7 distance SMG to SLG; ovipositor sheaths not protruding beyond apex of GtSweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU.E0035483-26B4-5D94-92B8-613A91F24F51urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:664AFD68-1D68-42A0-AA27-BF1656CD49E3Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H02; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B01; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H07; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H06; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H05; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A11; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C09; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C08; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C07; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C07; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C04; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C04; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C02; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C02; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C01; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B12; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B12; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B10; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B07; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B02; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A12; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H01; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G11; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G06; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G06; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G05; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G04; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G03; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-A10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-A10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-A10; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-A10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusmixtus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6861; decimalLongitude: 13.4611; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length  2.3, width/length  1.3, POL/OOL 2.4, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 1.2, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.0, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.7, 1.8, 1.3, clava length/width 3.4, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 1.2, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.5, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.6. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.3, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 0.8, mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00be, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.1, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.3, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.5, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.6, propodeum with weak reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 11.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.0. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.2, lengths gaster/mesosoma 0.9, Gt7 length/width 0.4, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.5, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths reaching to, but not protruding beyond, apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic green and golden tinges, scape dark yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-white, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, femora dark brown with very weak metallic tinges, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.Head. Width/length  2.0, width/length  1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.3, eye height/malar space 1.4, widths head/mesosoma 1.2. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, these setae subequal in length to flagellomere attached to, scape length/eye height 1.1, scape length/width 3.2, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.7, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.8, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 2.0, 2.7, 2.7, 2.3, clava length/width 5.3, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.8, F1/F4 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.4, 0.5, 0.5, 0.4.MALE. Body length 1.1\u20131.4 mm. Colour. Similar to female, but antennal scape dark brown.7. Male with antennal clava 5.3\u00d7, F4 2.3\u00d7 and scape 3.2\u00d7 as long as wide.Female with distance between posterior ocelli relatively long, POL/OOL= 2.4; F1 1.7\u00d7 as long as wide; distance between SMG 1.5\u00d7 distance SMG to SLG; ovipositor sheaths reaching to, but not protruding beyond, apex of GtHungary, Romania, Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, NHM, ZSM.1\u2640 \u201cHUNGARY, Balaton-Zam\u00e1rdi, 1.VIII.1961, A. Sundholm\u201d .F5FF6D28-3ABE-5A78-AF82-EF4B389E0299CirrospilusTetrastichus by Aprostocetus by Tetrastichus by TetrastichustrichopsT.murcia by See 7 , length of projecting part about equal to length of hind basitarsus; setae on eyes very long, 0.8\u00d7 OD; distance between posterior ocelli relatively short, POL/OOL= 1.5\u20131.6.Female gaster with ovipositor sheaths projecting distinctly beyond apex of Gtnew record).France, Germany, Sweden, United Kingdom , and RusSargus (Geosargus) sp. (Diptera: Stratiomyiidae), endoparasitoid emerging from pupa  and \u2640 of T.trichops (type no. 4869:1). Additional material (4\u2640): France 2\u2640 (GD), Russia 1\u2640 (MZLU), Sweden 1\u2640 (SMTP).Type material: lectotypes \u2642 of Graham, 19916DB66AC1-BAEF-5CC7-9FD8-2E8692DE344CTetrastichussolvaeSee Female with antennal funicle stout, F1 and F2 both 1.1\u20131.25\u00d7 as long as wide, pedicel 1.35\u20131.5\u00d7 as long as F1; mid-lobe of mesoscutum without a median groove or with the groove indicated only near mesoscutellum.Spain  .Xylomyiacabrerae (Becker) (Diptera: Xylomyiidae) in twigs of Euphorbiacanariensis .3AA58A4A-AD81-5B3B-BF97-C4ACD5C2DA79urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2EAC3BB9-DC8F-4B7A-9C19-302D09F09D9DType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B10; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 46.903; decimalLongitude: 16.454; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-G01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-G01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-G01; recordedBy: O.Popovici; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-G01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.594; decimalLongitude: 27.353; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A10; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A10; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.381; decimalLongitude: 16.552; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B02; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B02; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B09; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-D03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-D03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-D03; recordedBy: J. Straka; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-D03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: decimalLatitude: 49.719; decimalLongitude: 10.158; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A06; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.9853; decimalLongitude: 27.5847; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A11; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A11; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A12; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-A12; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B05; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B08; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B11; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B11; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustacitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length  2.2, width/length  1.3, POL/OOL 2.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 1.8, 1.2, clava length/width 2.7, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.3, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.5. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 0.9, mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u2154, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.2, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.7, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.5, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with three setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 8.7, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.1. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.8, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths projecting distinctly beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic green tinges, scape, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-brown to brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus pale brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 dark brown.Variation. Scape pale brown in some paratypes.Head. Width/length  1.8, width/length  1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, eye height/malar space 1.4, widths head/mesosoma 0.9. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, these setae reaching beyond apex of flagellomere attached to, scape length/eye height 0.9, scape length/width 2.9, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.6, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.6, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 2.0, 2.8, 2.8, 2.7, clava length/width 6.0, lengths pedicel/F1 1.0, lengths F1/F2 0.7, F1/F3 0.7, F1/F4 0.8, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4.MALE. Body length 1.2\u20131.5 mm. Colour. Similar to female but scape always dark brown and tibiae brown in some specimens.7. Male with antennal clava 6.0\u00d7, F4 2.3\u00d7 and scape 2.9\u00d7 as long as wide.Female with antennal clava (incl. spicule) 2.7\u00d7 as long as wide; ovipositor sheaths protruding beyond apex of GtGermany, Hungary, Romania.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, NHM, ZSM.DD5138B7-4BEE-53CA-8F2A-D005A62EDC1Burn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:998D49C4-0B49-4B9E-91ED-7C8EF3CD670EType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C04; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichustartus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length  2.4, width/length  1.2, POL/OOL 1.9, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 2.3, 1.8, clava length/width 3.3, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.6, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.4. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 0.9, mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u2154, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.1, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 2.0, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.5, propodeum with weak reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 12.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.3. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.8, longest seta kinked in apical \u2153, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic green and coppery tinges, scape yellowish-brown with dorsal edge brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae blackish, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.MALE. Unknown.7.Distance between submedian grooves 2.0\u00d7 distance between submedian and sublateral grooves; antennal clava (incl. spicule) long, 3.3\u00d7 as long as wide; ovipositor sheaths not protruding beyond apex of GtRomania.Unknown.Holotype deposited in NHM.D9566E82-100C-564E-A27F-C3564BCE35FE7  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00be, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.7, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.4, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.5, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with six setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 12.8, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.9. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.2, Gt7 length/width 0.3, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.4, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body metallic blue-green, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinge, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T3\u20134 brown.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.2, eye height/malar space 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.0. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 without basal whorls of setae, scape length/eye height 1.1, scape length/width 2.4, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.7, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.5, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.7, 2.0, 2.0, 2.2, clava length/width 4.4, lengths pedicel/F1 1.0, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.8, F1/F4 0.7, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.3, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5.MALE. Body length 1.7\u20131.8 mm. Colour. As in female.Tibiae yellowish-brown; female with malar space 0.8\u00d7 eye height, scape 3.5\u00d7 as long as wide, antennal clava 3.4\u00d7 as long as wide; mesoscutellum with ratio distance between submedian grooves to distance between submedian and sublateral grooves 1.4.Sweden.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, NHM, ZSM.Argeustulata (L.) (Hymenoptera: Argidae), 14\u2640 and 3\u2642 have been reared from the same host specimen. The label information does not specify which stage of the sawfly that was parasitised. Another Tetrastichus species, T.hylotomarum, has been recorded from larvae and pupae of Arge spp. (Graham 1991), but not specifically A.ustulata.Gregarious endoparasitoid on Argeustulata\u201d.1\u2640 1\u2642 \u201dSWEDEN, Sk\u00e5ne, Kullaberg, 28.ii.1966, P. Benander, ex 30BB7768-616C-5D2C-A2ED-83A37C405831urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:14CCE9D7-3579-422B-A7A0-3951D456CA08Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25459-G12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25459-G12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25459-G12; recordedBy: D. Doczkal; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25459-G12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusasilis; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in ZSM; Location: country: Germany; decimalLatitude: 49.985; decimalLongitude: 9.769; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: ZSM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.1, width/length in frontal view 1.1, POL/OOL 2.4, widths head/mesosoma 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.2, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.5, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.6, 1.9, 1.7, clava length/width 4.0, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.7, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.1 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a weak median groove in posterior \u2153, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths of mesoscutum/scutellum  1.4, mesoscutellum length/width 1.0, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.5, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 2.0, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.6, propodeum with very weak reticulation partly smooth, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 13.5, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.1, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.4. Gaster. Short ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.3, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.5, longest cercal seta evenly curved, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body metallic bluish-green, scape yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum pale brown, tegulae dark brown with metallic tinges, wing venation yellowish-brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown, T4 pale brown.MALE. Unknown.Tibiae yellowish-brown; female with malar space 0.9\u00d7 eye height, POL/OOL 2.4, F1 1.6\u00d7, F2 1.9\u00d7, F3 1.7\u00d7 as long as wide.Germany.Unknown.Holotype deposited in ZSM.Graham, 1991201BAAAB-7BC6-5BCF-8B57-48F20932A80BTetrastichusbrevicalcarSee Female flagellum long and slender, for example, F1 2.4\u20132.7\u00d7, F3 2.2\u20132.5\u00d7 and clava 4.5\u20135.2\u00d7 as long as wide.new record).United Kingdom , Sweden Unknown.24\u2640: Czech Republic 1\u2640 (NHM), Sweden 20\u2640 , United Kingdom 3\u2640 (NHM).C703D6B4-3C71-5F19-BDA9-C905655CE552urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A1C32083-BE37-4AC2-9C54-07E8A62C07FBType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B09; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscalmius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6861; decimalLongitude: 13.4611; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.0, width/length in frontal view 1.2, POL/OOL 1.9, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.4, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 2.1, 2.1, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a weak median groove, with seven adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.7, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.7, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.4, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.7, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.8. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.6, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.6, lengths longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.4, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body golden-green, scape yellowish-brown with dorsal edge dark brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinge, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus brown, mid and hind tarsi with T1\u20133 yellowish-brown, T4 brown.MALE. Unknown.Antennal clava 3.8\u00d7, F1 1.0\u00d7 and F2 2.1\u00d7 as long as wide, F1 1.3\u00d7 as long as pedicel; ratio POL/OOL = 1.9; length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.7.Sweden.Holotype deposited in MZLU.Unknown.Graham, 19916B444BFF-23F4-5D29-8AFE-6ABB9676C79FTetrastichuscoelarchusSee Antennal clava 3.4\u20133.6\u00d7 as long as wide; malar space 0.8\u20130.9\u00d7 height of eye; mesoscutellum with enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.7\u00d7 as long as wide.(Former) Czechoslovakia, Ireland, Sweden, United Kingdom and (former) Yugoslavia .Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU.Unknown.9\u2640, Sweden (NHM).47CA95B7-4790-580E-9109-89E0FE1D442AEulophuscoeruleusAprostocetus by Tetrastichus by TetrastichuscoeruleusTetrastichusasparagiCrawford 1909Graham 1961See 7 ; male funiculars with short whorled setae, 0.5\u20130.7 \u00d7 as long as funicular attached to.Mouth opening very wide, 1.8\u20132.0 \u00d7 malar space; body bright metallic blue to bluish-purple; ovipositor does not reach apex of Gtnew records).France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, United Kingdom ; Norway Criocerisasparagi (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), emerges from host cocoons, but oviposits in host eggs or larvae (r larvae .E.coeruleus (OUMNH). Additional material (72\u2640 18\u2642): China 1\u2640 (UCRC), France 2\u2640 , Norway 3\u2640 1\u2642 (NHM), Sweden 63\u2640 17\u2642 , United Kingdom 3\u2640 (NHM).Type material: lectotype \u2640 of 3B6E5DFE-87C4-524A-9D56-EC6AF3AD42B9urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D7F3B936-4C8D-4550-9C1E-EDDF367EE3DCType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B06; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B06; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscosidis; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.617; decimalLongitude: 16.567; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.1, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.8, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 0.9, malar space/eye height 0.9, scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 1.9, 2.0, clava length/width 4.2, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.0, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a median groove that is weak in anterior part, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.6, mesoscutellum length/width 1.1, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.6, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.8, propodeum with weak reticulation, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costa cell length/width 10.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.6. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.6, cercal setae nm, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body golden-green, antenna dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinges, wings hyaline, wing venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters blackish, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.MALE. Unknown.Hind coxa with a strong, sharp and complete carina along posterior margin; malar space 0.9\u00d7 eye height; antennal clava 3.9\u00d7 as long as wide; mesoscutellum with ratio distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.4, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.6.Sweden.Holotype deposited in MZLU.Unknown.3392B568-89AA-5034-9647-70ACB747B221urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC5ACFA0-7AF2-403A-ABA5-31F37EF65969Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-C09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-C09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-C09; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-C09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6861; decimalLongitude: 13.4611; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-D02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-D02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-D02; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-D02; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6861; decimalLongitude: 13.4611; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-C05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-C05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-C05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-C05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6861; decimalLongitude: 13.4611; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-D08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-D08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-D08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-D08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7078; decimalLongitude: 13.475; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-F01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-F01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-F01; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-F01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 60.276; decimalLongitude: 17.191; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-C07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-C07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-C07; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-C07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6967; decimalLongitude: 13.47; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G07; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.834; decimalLongitude: 13.528; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D05; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D05; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 58.185; decimalLongitude: 14.379; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A02; recordedBy: SMTP project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.933; decimalLongitude: 18.267; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-E11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-E11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-E11; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-E11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6619; decimalLongitude: 13.5472; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-F07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-F07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-F07; recordedBy: E. Shevtsova; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-F07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Russia; decimalLatitude: 59.567; decimalLongitude: 30.133; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F12; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.5; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F09; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F09; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.5; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-G08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-G08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-G08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-G08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.667; decimalLongitude: 13.55; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.75; decimalLongitude: 16.65; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-A03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-A03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-A03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-A03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.583; decimalLongitude: 13.417; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-F10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-F10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-F10; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-F10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 59.107; decimalLongitude: 18.138; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H11; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 57.004; decimalLongitude: 16.066; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A11; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscumulus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 64.183; decimalLongitude: 19.60; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.0, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.9. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.3, 2.0, 1.8, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.2, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior 4/5, with six adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 3.3, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.2, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.7, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 8.8, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.1. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.4, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.4, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.3, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body metallic blue-green, scape dark brown with base dark yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinge, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus dark brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.Variation. Colour of scape varies from completely dark brown to yellowish-brown with apicodorsal \u2153 dark brown, but most specimens with colour as holotype. Paratypes with body metallic blue or blue-green.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, eye height/malar space 1.3, mouth width/malar space 1.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 without basal whorls of setae, scape length/eye height 1.0, scape length/width 2.2, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.7, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.8, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.9, 2.1, 2.1, 2.1, clava length/width 5.0, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, F1/F4 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4.MALE Fig. . Body leColour. As in female, but scape completely dark brown. Body metallic blue-green or purple.Mid and hind tibiae yellowish-brown; mesoscutellum with distance between submedian grooves short, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.2; female with malar space 0.9\u00d7 height of eye, antenna with F2 2.0\u00d7, F3 1.8\u00d7 and clava 3.8\u00d7 as long as wide; male antenna with scape 2.2\u00d7 and clava 5.0\u00d7 as long as wide and scape length 1.0\u00d7 height of eye.Russia and Sweden.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, NHM, SMTP and ZSM.Unknown.1\u2640 \u201dSWEDEN, Sk\u00e5ne, Dalby, \u00d6. M\u00f6lla, 21-27.viii.1998, yellow pan trap, R. Danielsson (MZLU)6EC118F0-A2B0-54F6-A105-CFE7E7932CDDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F2ECA2A-663C-47D9-B10D-A6F6212D6F49Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.4, width/length in frontal view 2.0, POL/OOL 1.5, widths head/mesosoma 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.9, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.1, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, clava length/width 2.7, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.2, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.5, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 0.9, mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u2153, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.7, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.4, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.5, propodeum with weak reticulation, propodeal callus with three setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.6, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.1, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.0. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.3, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.2, Gt7 length/width 0.7, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 0.6, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with metallic greenish-blue, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-brown to brown, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, fore and mid femora dark brown, hind femur concolorous with body, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.MALE. Unknown.T.halidayi with the wide mouth and large and oddly-shaped mandibles . Differs from T.halidayi in having female gaster short ovate, 1.3\u00d7 as long as wide, ovipositor sheaths short and not visible in dorsal view, cerci on gaster placed ventrally and not visible in dorsal view, setae on vertex shorter, 0.45\u00d7 OD and body strongly metallic.Similar to Cyprus.The specimens in the type series are not in pristine condition, all specimens being more or less broken and dirty. The holotype is missing right wing pair and right pedicel+flagellum is broken off and glued separately to the card.Coleoptera and from an unidentified leaf miner on broad bean (Viciafaba L.).Reared from an unidentified Coleoptera #521\u201d (UCRC). Paratypes (3\u2640): 2\u2640 with same label data as holotype (UCRC), 1\u2640 from same locality and date as holotype, but ex leaf miner on broad bean (UCRC).Holotype \u2640 \u201dCYPRUS, Phlasson, 30.XII.1967, G.P. Georghiou. Parasite of 58DA369C-4B42-5CB9-ABDC-7D3EC2E71470urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:65D13412-7863-4178-B6CB-2C3A6041F429Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F10; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuserinus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.5; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H04; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuserinus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 67.031; decimalLongitude: 20.232; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: SMTP; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.1, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.0, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 0.9, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, clava length/width 4.0, lengths pedicel/F1 0.7, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.0, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u2154, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.2, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.9, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with six setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 12.8, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.1. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.2, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.3, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.4, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with golden-green, scape yellowish-brown with apical \u2153 brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinge, wings hyaline with veins brown to fuscous, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-white with T4 brownish.Variation. Body blue-green in paratype.MALE. Unknown.Mesoscutellum with distance between submedian grooves long, distances between submedian grooves/submedian and sublateral grooves 1.9, ratio length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.2; tibiae yellowish-brown; female with malar space 0.8\u00d7 eye height; antennal clava 4\u00d7 as long as wide; POL/OOL 2.0.Sweden.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in SMTP.Unknown.B9BB81E8-F328-55D8-8379-DE6E1E2F411Aurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:543B3F20-DFA1-44B0-B58A-DD88B270E613Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A01; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusevexus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6847; decimalLongitude: 13.6767; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F10; recordedBy: Bo. W. Svensson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusevexus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.605; decimalLongitude: 13.004; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F09; recordedBy: B. W. Svensson & Co.; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusevexus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.605; decimalLongitude: 13.004; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusevexus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6847; decimalLongitude: 13.6767; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A04; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusevexus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6847; decimalLongitude: 13.6767; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusevexus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6847; decimalLongitude: 13.6767; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A02; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-A02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusevexus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6847; decimalLongitude: 13.6767; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B11; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B11; individualCount: 1; sex: M; lifeStage: a; reproductiveCondition: S; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B11+1449268734.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusevexus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Romania; locality: Breazu MT rzeski; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.1, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 1.0. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.8, 2.0, 1.7, clava length/width 3.9, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 1.0, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.5, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00be, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.7, distance between submedian/distance between submedian and sublateral grooves 1.4, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.5, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with nine setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 8.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.6. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.6, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.4, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.2, longest cercal setae curved, almost straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body metallic blue-green, scape yellowish-brown with dorsal edge darker, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinge, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-white, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, fore and mid femora dark brown with metallic tinges and with apical \u2153 yellowish-brown, hind femur concolorous with body, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus dark brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 dark brown.MALE. Unknown.T.helviscapus, but with longer antennal clava in female, 3.9\u00d7 as long as wide.Tibiae yellowish-brown; female with malar space 1.0\u00d7 eye height; scape 3.6\u00d7 and antennal clava 3.9\u00d7 as long as wide; mesoscutellum with ratio distance between submedian grooves to distance between submedian and sublateral grooves 1.4. Similar to Sweden.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU and NHM.Unknown.E9A92E73-2348-526B-B915-D0D07B89CFB9http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/2353186D-657E-4465-893E-5023654DE141Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.2, POL/OOL 1.9, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space nm, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.2, 2.3, 2.1, clava length/width 4.0, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.6, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.6, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.1 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a weak median groove in posterior \u2154, with 4+5 adnotaular setae, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.4, mesoscutellum length/width 1.1, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 3.1, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.3, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with six setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 9.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.7. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.0, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.5, longest cercal seta curved in apical \u2153, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body metallic greenish-blue, antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wing venation yellowish-brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.MALE. Unknown.Mesoscutellum 1.1\u00d7 as long as wide with enclosed area between submedian grooves 3.1\u00d7 as long as wide; length/width F1, F2, F3, clava 2.2, 2.3, 2.1, 4.0; fore wing with marginal vein 2.7\u00d7 as long as stigmal vein.Sweden.Holotype deposited in SMTP.Unknown.Holotype \u2640 \u201cSWEDEN, H\u00e4lsingland, Hudiksvalls kommun, Stensj\u00f6n, 62.054\u00b0N 16.172\u00b0E, 27.vii.2005, SMTP\u201d (SMTP).Graham, 1991F44DED4E-32AA-511D-8F83-BC9512125F5FTetrastichushelviscapusSee Tibiae yellowish-brown; female with malar space 0.7\u00d7 eye height; scape 4.0\u00d7 and antennal clava 3.0\u00d7 as long as wide; mesoscutellum with ratio distance between submedian grooves to between submedian and sublateral grooves 1.4 and enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.7\u00d7 as long as wide.new records).Moldova, Russia, United Kingdom, (former) Yugoslavia ; Sweden Unknown.France, 2\u2640 (GD); Morocco, 2\u2640 (GD).12091262-3978-5E97-A40D-FA7B9EB57E7CTetrastichushylotomarumEulophushylotomarumBouch\u00e9 1834Graham (1991)28TetrastichusErd\u00f6s 1956AprostocetusGraham 1961TetrastichusDomenichini 1966See Female antenna: F3 1.0\u20131.5\u00d7 as long as wide, clava 2.6\u20133.0\u00d7 as long as wide; male antenna: funiculars without an externo-dorsal, sub-basal compact whorl of long setae, F1 1.1\u20131.4\u00d7 as long as wide and about as long as pedicel, distinctly shorter than F2; both sexes with mid and hind tibiae broadly infuscate, sometimes mainly black; body bright metallic green.new records).Bulgaria, (former) Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Hungary, The Netherlands, Russia, Sweden and United Kingdom ; Italy aArgeochropus (Gmelin), A.pagana (Panzer) (Hymenoptera: Argidae), Athaliacordata Audinet-Serville, Cladiuspectinicornis (Geoffroy) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), parasitising host larvae and pupae (Reared from nd pupae .11\u2640 2\u2642: France 3\u2640 (NHM), Italy 1\u2640 (ZSM), Romania 1\u2640 (NHM), Sweden 6\u2640 2\u2642 .AB4459AD-32D6-50A0-AB07-CEC15083F794urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4534B329-B4E9-4E00-9B2D-BC76C917A3F2Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-E02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-E02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-E02; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-E02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusiasi; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.188; decimalLongitude: 27.549; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B02; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B02; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusiasi; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.0, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.8, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 0.9, malar space/eye height 0.9. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 1.5, 1.3, clava length/width 3.3, lengths of pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.2, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a weak median groove that is missing in anterior \u00bc, with seven adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.4, dorsellum/propodeum length 0.5, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.5, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.5, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.7, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.1. Gaster. Short ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.4, lengths longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.8, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body metallic bluish-green, gaster with purple tinges, scape yellowish-brown, flagellum and pedicel dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinge, wings hyaline and venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus with T1\u20133 brown and T4 dark brown, mid and hind tarsi with T1\u20133 yellowish-brown and T4 dark brown.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.0, widths head/mesosoma 1.2. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 without basal whorls of setae, scape length/eye height 1.0, scape length/width 3.2, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.6, plaque placed in central part of scape, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.6, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.6, 1.9, 1.9, 1.8, clava length/width 3.3, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, F1/F4 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.4, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5.MALE Fig. . Body leColour. Scape dark brown. Otherwise similar to female.Mesoscutellum with submedian grooves diverging towards posterior part; female antenna with clava 3.3\u00d7 as long as wide.Romania.Holotype and paratype deposited in NHM.Unknown.C998B021-7FDA-5970-AD3C-58958EF26E56urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E6AC6D4A-3CD4-484C-8A1B-751E3DB94A9BType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20699-G06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20699-G06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20699-G06; recordedBy: D. Doczkal & A. Segerer; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20699-G06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusillydris; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in ZSM; Location: country: Germany; decimalLatitude: 49.03; decimalLongitude: 12.157; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: ZSM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-H07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-H07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-H07; recordedBy: Popovici & Fusu; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-H07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusillydris; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.05; decimalLongitude: 27.384; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.0, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.1, 2.0, 1.5, clava length/width 3.3, lengths pedicel/F1 0.7, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.6, 0.5, width F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a weak median groove that is absent in anterior \u00bc, with six adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.8, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.6, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.3, propodeum with weak reticulation, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.2, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.9. Gaster. Semicircular, length/width 1.6, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.2, Gt7 length/width 0.3, lengths longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.5, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Mesoscutum metallic blue-green and mesoscutellum golden-green, scape yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinges, wing venation yellowish-white, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, fore and mid femora dark brown with apex yellowish-brown, hind femur black with metallic tinge and apex yellowish-brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, tarsi with T1\u20133 yellowish-brown and T4 brown.MALE. Unknown.Mesoscutellum 0.8\u00d7 as long as wide, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.6; mesoscutum bluish and mesoscutellum greenish; antennal clava 3.3\u00d7 as long as wide.Germany and Romania.Holotype deposited in ZSM, paratype in MZLU.Unknown.Graham, 1991765EE9C6-ED50-5594-926A-C7738EB9ED21TetrastichusinaequalisSee Antenna with F1 0.8\u00d7 as long as F2 and only very slightly longer than the pedicel, F3 1.9\u00d7 as long as wide; tibiae yellowish-brown; body bright metallic green.new records).United Kingdom , France Unknown.4\u2640: France 2\u2640 (NHM), Sweden 1\u2640 (MZLU), United Kingdom 1\u2640 (NHM).772E3F7C-5295-57C7-98DA-08DAD69CB7D9urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A0E15318-3134-4D4F-966C-844B49CE5560Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G06; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.792; decimalLongitude: 13.654; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6861; decimalLongitude: 13.4611; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D11; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.943; decimalLongitude: 15.946; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-B02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-B02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-B02; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-B02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.705; decimalLongitude: 13.4886; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-F08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-F08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-F08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-F08; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6619; decimalLongitude: 13.5472; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D10; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.943; decimalLongitude: 15.946; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H01; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-H01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 63.122; decimalLongitude: 15.07; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-E04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-E04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-E04; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-E04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.943; decimalLongitude: 15.946; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G08; recordedBy: A.Jansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G08; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G08+1516986306.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Oerebro; decimalLatitude: 59.2753; decimalLongitude: 15.2134; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-H01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-H01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-H01; recordedBy: A.Jansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-H01; individualCount: 1; sex: M; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-H01+1516986310.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Oerebro; decimalLatitude: 59.2753; decimalLongitude: 15.2134; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-A02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-A02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-A02; recordedBy: A.Jansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-A02; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-A02+1516986318.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusincanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Bispgarden; decimalLatitude: 63.0271; decimalLongitude: 16.6245; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.9. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.2, 2.5, 2.2, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.5, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00be, with six adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.1, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.6, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.6, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.7, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with three setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 9.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.1. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.3, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.4, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body golden-green, scape yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinge, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, tibiae yellowish-brown, tarsi yellowish-brown, mid and hind tarsi with T4 brown.Variation. Paratypes with body metallic blue or blue-green.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.3, eye height/malar space 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.0, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 without basal whorls of setae, scape length/eye height 1.0, scape length/width 2.7, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.7, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.7, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.9, 2.3, 2.4, 2.4, clava length/width 4.9, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.8, F1/F4 0.8, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4.MALE Fig. . Body leColour. Similar to female, but with scape dark brown. Body metallic blue-green.Mid and hind tibiae yellowish-brown; mesoscutellum with distance between submedian grooves 1.6\u00d7 distance between submedian and sublateral grooves; female with malar space 0.9\u00d7 height of eye, antenna with F2 2.5\u00d7, F3 2.2\u00d7 and clava 3.8\u00d7 as long as wide; male antenna with scape 2.7\u00d7 and clava 4.9\u00d7 as long as wide and scape length 1.0\u00d7 height of eye.Sweden.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, SMTP.Unknown.719FC9FD-9F0B-5EE0-91D9-1A8025748DCDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C919F453-A59B-479D-ABB0-E995120A51C5Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D08; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusjohnnoyesi; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.298; decimalLongitude: 25.368; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D12; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusjohnnoyesi; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.298; decimalLongitude: 25.368; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D10; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D10; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusjohnnoyesi; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.298; decimalLongitude: 25.368; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D09; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusjohnnoyesi; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.298; decimalLongitude: 25.368; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.1, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.1, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 1.9, 1.7, clava length/width 3.2, lengths pedicel/F1 0.7, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.2, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.7, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove, with four adnotaular setae on either side, length of mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.6, mesoscutellum length/width 1.0, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 3.3, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.1, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 8.2, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.4. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.8, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.4, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body golden-green, scape yellowish-brown, pedicel brownish, flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinge, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, mouth width/malar space 1.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 without basal whorls of setae, scape length/eye height 1.1, scape length/width 3.0, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths of ventral plaque/scape 0.7, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.4, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.2, 1.9, 1.9, 1.9, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 1.1, lengths F1/F2 0.6, F1/F3 0.6, F1/F4 0.6, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.3, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5.MALE Fig. . Body leColour. Scape black. Otherwise similar to female.Mesoscutellum with ratio length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 3.3; antennal clava 3.2\u00d7 as long as wide.Named after John S. Noyes (NHM), collector of the type specimens.France and Romania.Holotype and paratypes deposited NHM.Unknown.3\u2640 1\u2642: 2\u2640 1\u2642 with same label data as holotype ; 1\u2640 \u201cFRANCE, B. du Rhone, Fonscolombe, 7.vii.1990, M.W.R. de V. Graham\u201d (NHM).CB502DCC-E538-53DB-99D9-E186B97296E2urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94214DE9-0044-432B-B3BC-5BF726C647B0Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.4, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.3, head/mesosoma width 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.9, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.1, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.8, 1.4, 1.2, clava length/width 2.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.2, F1/F3 1.3, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.4, width F1/pedicel  1.2, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a weak median groove in median \u2153, with five adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.5, mesoscutellum length/width 1.1, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.8, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.5, propodeum with strong reticulation in anterior \u00bd, smooth in posterior \u00bd, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 9.1, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.1, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.0. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.4, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.6, lengths longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.3, longest cercal seta curved, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body golden-green, scape golden-green, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinges, wings hyaline, wing venation brown to fuscous, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters blackish, tibiae yellowish-brown, tarsi dark brown.MALE. Unknown.T.halidayi, i.e. mandibles very large with outer tooth falcate and separated by a wide gap from the two small inner teeth ; mouth opening large, 1.9\u00d7 as wide as malar space. Differs from T.halidayi in having a shorter female gaster with ovipositor retracted and apex not reaching apical margin of gaster. Similar also to T.cyprus, from which it differs in antennal characters as indicated in the key.Mandibles as in Named after collector of type specimen, Marcus William Robert de Vere Graham.United Kingdom.The head of the holotype is detached and glued separately on a card and the right antennal flagellum is missing (deposited in NHM).Unknown.Holotype \u2640 \u201cENGLAND: Lancashire, Freshfield (3) (Area I), 3.vi.1959\u201d, \u201cM.W.R. de V. Graham coll., BMNH(E) 1995-489\u201d (NHM).39C85AF5-ABAC-56A2-8BBA-AAA6FDD266C9urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F8D4BA07-CC57-4062-9C4E-4E71BD04C6E4Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.2, POL/OOL 2.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.9. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.1, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.7, 1.6, 1.3, clava length/width 2.5, lengths pedicel/F1 0.7, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.3, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.4, width F1/pedicel  1.2, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.1. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a weak median groove that is missing in anterior \u00bc, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 1.1, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 3.5, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.1, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.5, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 8.8, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.2, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.2. Gaster. Semicircular, length/width 1.2, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.0, Gt7 length/width 0.5, lengths longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.3, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body golden-green, scape yellow, pedicel yellowish-brown, flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinges, wings hyaline, wing venation yellowish-white, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, femora dark brown with golden-green tinges and with apex yellowish-brown, fore tarsus dark yellowish-brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 dark brown.MALE. Unknown.Flagellum short and stout, length/width F1, F2, F2, clava: 1.7, 1.6, 1.3, 2.5; malar space 0.9\u00d7 eye height; mesoscutellum with ratio length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 3.5.splendens = shiny.Named for the shiny appearance, from the Latin Sweden.Unknown.Holotype \u2640 \u201dSWEDEN, Sk\u00e5ne, Lund V., RN 1334/6176, 24.vi.1983, C. Hansson\u201d (MZLU).B2833E77-47C2-5C53-B70E-ACA765A4C2EAurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B7076D49-5606-405C-A4E4-8DC8EE3920DEType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-E11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-E11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-E11; recordedBy: SMTP project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-E11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussti; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in SMTP; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 58.3; decimalLongitude: 14.617; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: SMTP; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-F12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-F12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-F12; recordedBy: O.Popovici; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-F12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussti; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.594; decimalLongitude: 27.353; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G08; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussti; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.834; decimalLongitude: 13.528; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-B10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-B10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-B10; recordedBy: SMTP project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-B10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussti; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 58.3; decimalLongitude: 14.617; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-A01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-A01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-A01; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-A01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussti; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 58.185; decimalLongitude: 14.379; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-E12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-E12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-E12; recordedBy: SMTP Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-E12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussti; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 58.3; decimalLongitude: 14.617; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: SMTP; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.0, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 0.9, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, clava length/width 4.4, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal midlobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00be, with five adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.6, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.5, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.5, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.3. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.3, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.4, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.3, longest cercal seta curved in apical \u2153, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body golden-green, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinge, wings hyaline with veins brown to fuscous, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus brown, mid and hind tarsi with T1-2 yellowish-white and T3-4 brown.Variation. Paratypes with body metallic blue, green or blue-green.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, eye height/malar space 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.0, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 without basal whorls of setae, scape length/eye height 1.2, scape length/width 3.0, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.7, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.6, 2.4, 2.3, 2.5, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.7, F1/F3 0.8, F1/F4 0.8.MALE. Body length 1.7 mm. Colour. As in female. Body metallic blue-green.Mid and hind tibiae yellowish-brown; mesoscutellum with distance between submedian grooves 1.5\u00d7 distance between submedian and sublateral grooves; female with malar space 0.8\u00d7 height of eye, antenna with F2 2.3\u00d7, F3 2.2\u00d7 and clava 4.4\u00d7 as long as wide, clava with a strong constriction between C1 and C2; male antenna with scape 3.0\u00d7 as long as wide and 1.0\u00d7 as long as height of eye, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.6, 2.4, 2.3, 2.5.Named after acronym STI = Swedish Taxonomy Initiative, the major funding source for this project.Romania, Sweden and United Kingdom.Holotype deposited in SMTP, paratypes in MZLU, SMTP and NHM.Unknown.1\u2640 \u201dENGLAND: Lincolnshire, Woodhall Spa, (2), 27.vii.1968, M.W.R.de V. Graham\u201d. Paratypes in MZLU, NHM, SMTP.4770D9BA-C513-58B0-A8F6-AB26ECFA7F1Durn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8B6EE64C-2585-46D0-A4A4-7C74047310A5Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-F01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-F01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-F01; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-F01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.0756; decimalLongitude: 13.6778; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-F03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-F03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-F03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-F03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.676; decimalLongitude: 16.558; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E12; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.676; decimalLongitude: 16.558; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E09; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.676; decimalLongitude: 16.558; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B07; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.617; decimalLongitude: 16.567; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E04; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.609; decimalLongitude: 16.509; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B01; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.893; decimalLongitude: 16.768; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A08; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.765; decimalLongitude: 16.695; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A05; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 57.141; decimalLongitude: 17.024; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-C10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-C10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-C10; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-C10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.167; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H11; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H11; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.45; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D07; recordedBy: B.Tjeder; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.3834; decimalLongitude: 14.1197; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-C01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-C01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-C01; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-C01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.676; decimalLongitude: 16.558; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-B10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-B10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-B10; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-B10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.676; decimalLongitude: 16.558; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A01; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-A01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 66.767; decimalLongitude: 20.10; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E04; recordedBy: D.M.S.P., J.F.P.; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E04; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.433; decimalLongitude: 14.117; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E05; recordedBy: D.M.S.P., J.F.P.; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E05; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.433; decimalLongitude: 14.117; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E06; recordedBy: D.M.S.P., J.F.P.; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-E06; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.433; decimalLongitude: 14.117; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-G07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-G07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-G07; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-G07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.0756; decimalLongitude: 13.6778; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G09; recordedBy: A.Jansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G09; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G09+1516986306.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussuecus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Oerebro; decimalLatitude: 59.2753; decimalLongitude: 15.2134; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.6, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 1.0. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.4, 2.3, 2.3, clava length/width 4.2, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.0, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.6, 0.6, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with complete median groove, with six adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.7, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.4, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.5, propodeum with weak reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 8.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.2, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.6. Gaster. Subcircular to ovate, length/width 1.6, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 2.0, longest cercal seta evenly curved, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body golden-green, scape yellowish-brown with dorsal edge and apical \u2153 dark brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinges, wing venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus brownish becoming darker towards apex, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.Variation. Three paratypes with entire antennal scape dark brown. Colour of body blue, blue-green or green-blue and small specimens with weaker metallic tinges on body.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.4, width/length in frontal view 1.3, eye height/malar space 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 without basal whorls of setae, scape length/eye height 1.1, scape length/width 3.0, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.7, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.6, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.6, 2.0, 2.2, 2.2, clava length/width 4.4, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.7, F1/F4 0.7, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.4, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5.MALE Fig. . Body leColour. Scape dark brown and body metallic blue-green. Otherwise similar to female.Tibiae yellowish-brown; female with malar space 1.0\u00d7 eye height, POL/OOL 1.6, F1 2.4\u00d7, F2 2.3\u00d7, F3 2.3\u00d7 as long as wide; male with antennal scape 3.0\u00d7, F1 1.6\u00d7, F2 2.0\u00d7, F3 2.2\u00d7, F4 2.2\u00d7 and clava 4.4\u00d7 as long as wide.Sweden.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, NHM, SMTP and ZSM.Unknown.160CAF69-4842-5F87-B8E1-04CDF789ACF4Frons with a more or less distinct median longitudinal carina extending from between the toruli to near the median ocellus, the sutures which define the scrobal area laterally tend to diverge ventrally, away from the median carina Fig. b; hind c313FF9F87-6304-55A3-B5BE-1DBA5384B7EEurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9CD75EDB-59FC-4BF2-96EC-1632D8465ABAType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-E11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-E11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-E11; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-E11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusargutus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7078; decimalLongitude: 13.4528; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-E01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-E01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-E01; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-E01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusargutus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6619; decimalLongitude: 13.5472; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-H03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-H03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-H03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-H03; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusargutus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6619; decimalLongitude: 13.5472; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-D04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-D04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-D04; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-D04; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusargutus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6967; decimalLongitude: 13.47; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-C06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-C06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-C06; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-C06; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusargutus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 46.522; decimalLongitude: 16.256; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-C12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-C12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-C12; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-C12; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusargutus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.788; decimalLongitude: 16.637; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-C05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-C05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-C05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-C05; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusargutus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.705; decimalLongitude: 13.4886; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E10; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusargutus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: decimalLatitude: 56.676; decimalLongitude: 16.558; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.0, width/length in frontal view 1.2, POL/OOL 2.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.2, malar space/eye height 0.6. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.9, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 2.8, 2.6, clava length/width 4.0, lengths pedicel/F1 0.4, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 1.0, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.7, 0.6, widths F1/pedicel  1.8, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width  0.9, mid-lobe with complete median groove, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.4, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.1, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.8, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 15.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.8, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.2. Gaster. Elongate-acuminate, length/width 2.1, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 1.0, Gt7 length/width 0.6, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.8, longest cercal seta kinked in apical \u00bc, ovipositor sheaths reaching beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body strongly metallic, coppery and golden, scape yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wing hyaline with venation yellowish-brown, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters, femora and tibiae yellowish-brown, tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.2, eye height/malar space 1.5, mouth width/malar space 1.4, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, reaching beyond apex of corresponding flagellomere, scape length/eye height 1.1, scape length/width 3.2, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.3, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 2.1, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.9, 2.4, 2.8, 2.5, clava length/width 4.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.7, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.8, F1/F4 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.5, 0.6, 0.6, 0.5.MALE. Body length 1.4\u20131.6 mm. Colour. Different from female in several parts: scape, trochanters and femora dark brown, tibiae pale brown, fore tarsus brown, body less strongly metallic, blue.7; antenna with long flagellomeres: F1 2.0\u00d7, F2 2.8\u00d7 and F3 2.6\u00d7 as long as wide, pedicel 0.4\u00d7 as long as F1, F1 1.8\u00d7 as wide as width of pedicel in dorsal view, pedicel+flagellum 1.9\u00d7 width of mesoscutum; male scape with short plaque, 0.3\u00d7 length of scape and with apex of scape narrowed, with long flagellomeres: F1 1.9\u00d7, F2 2.4\u00d7, F3 2.8\u00d7 and F4 2.5\u00d7 as long as wide; female trochanters, femora and scape yellowish-brown; hind coxa with a strong and sharp carina along posterior margin.Female with ovipositor sheaths extending beyond apex of GtHungary and Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU.0E4D49DB-3DA5-5BFC-ADB9-AD3E8195D391urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E1A7FCA0-37D7-4E81-BAF9-D9515F7A4327Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C01; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-C01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-F01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-F01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-F01; recordedBy: S. Schmidt; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-F01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.776; decimalLongitude: 16.624; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: ZSM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B01; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29751-B01; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6861; decimalLongitude: 13.4611; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H03; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-H03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-D03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-D03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-D03; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-D03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.1875; decimalLongitude: 27.5489; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D02; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D02; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.5214; decimalLongitude: 13.9369; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G08; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C12; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C11; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B03; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B03; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbledius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.4, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.3, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.2, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.4, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.6, 1.6, 1.5, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.4. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a median groove in posterior \u00bd, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.2, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.9, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.8, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 14.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.0. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.7, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 1.0, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.3, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic blue-green tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with venation brown to fuscous, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, fore tibia yellowish-brown, mid and hind tibiae dark brown, fore tarsus brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 dark brown.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, mouth width/malar space 1.2, eye height/malar space 1.4, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, reaching beyond apex of corresponding flagellomere, scape length/eye height 1.0, scape length/width 2.4, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.6, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.0, 1.3, 1.8, 1.7, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 1.2, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.6, F1/F4 0.6, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.4.MALE. Body length 1.4 mm. Colour similar to female, but with all tarsi brown.Ratio POL/OOL 2.3; mesoscutellum with distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.9; female gaster ovate, 1.7\u00d7 as long as wide. See also key to distinguish from similar species.Romania and Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in NHM, paratypes in MZLU, NHM and ZSM.991C872C-09AB-5465-B6FC-5D90DAACFB93urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:69FF6AD2-C120-4EEC-B6F8-C52E37CEBE4EType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-G03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-G03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-G03; recordedBy: S. Schmidt; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-G03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscalcarius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in ZSM; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.609; decimalLongitude: 16.508; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: ZSM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B05; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-B05+1398631454.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuscalcarius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Kalkstad; decimalLatitude: 56.617; decimalLongitude: 16.533; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer Hansson; identificationRemarks: CH08560Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.5, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.4, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.8, 1.6, 1.6, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.0, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 1.0, mid-lobe with a complete median groove, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 3.1, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.0, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.8, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with three setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.1, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.6. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.6, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 0.9, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.8, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic blue-green tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-white, coxae and trochanters dark brown, femora concolorous with body, fore tibia yellowish-brown, mid and hind tibiae dark brown, tarsi brownish.MALE. Unknown.Body weakly metallic; scape, mid and hind tibiae dark brown.Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in ZSM. A second specimen of the species from the same locality is severely damaged and, therefore, excluded as a paratype.FFF06FA8-2D59-5372-8243-51171CEB50A7urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9C584AD8-6214-4397-A354-E1DC68BD983BType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G07; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusclisius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-C03; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-C03; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusclisius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.6, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.4, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.4, 1.6, 1.7, clava length/width 4.2, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00bd, with two adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.5, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.4, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.4, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.8, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 13.5, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.1, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.7. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.4, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 0.7, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.8, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body black without metallic tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with venation brown to fuscous, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, fore tibia yellowish-brown, mid and hind tibiae dark brown, tarsi brownish.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, mouth width/malar space 1.1, height of eye/malar space 1.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, reaching beyond apex of corresponding flagellomere, scape length/eye height 1.1, scape length/width 2.1, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.8, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.5, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.1, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, clava length/width 4.6, lengths pedicel/F1 1.1, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.7, F1/F4 0.7, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4.MALE. Body length 1.6 mm. Colour similar to female, but body with weak metallic blue tinges.Female with antennal clava long, 4.2\u00d7 as long as wide; gaster ovate, 1.4\u00d7 as long as wide; male with scape 1.1\u00d7 as long as eye and 2.1\u00d7 as long as wide. See key for separation from similar species.Romania.Unknown.Holotype deposited in NHM, paratype in NHM.BCA19439-915C-5CC3-A61F-20387CCDFD99TetrastichusclitoCirrospilus Clito Walker 184042AprostocetusGraham 1961TetrastichusPeck 1963EulophuscassidaeEntedonSee Female antenna short, at most 1.1\u00d7 as long as width of mesoscutum; mesoscutellum with distance between submedian grooves 1.5\u00d7 the distance between submedian and sublateral grooves; female gaster short ovate, 1.5\u00d7 as long as wide.(Former) Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada  and SwedCassidamurraea L., C.rubiginosa M\u00fcller, C.deflorata Suffrian . All hosts are Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae.Suffrian , C.humeCassidahumeralis (GD), 2\u2640 , Sweden 5\u2640 , United Kingdom 6\u2640 3\u2642 (NHM).Type material: lectotype \u2642 of C. Clito . Additional material (28\u2640 5\u2642): (former) Czechoslovakia 1\u2640 (NHM), France 14\u2640 2\u2642 ex Graham, 199176BD41F5-8899-5259-A710-C9919A42CE01TetrastichusdecrescensSee 7.Antenna with F1 1.5\u00d7 as long and 1.4\u00d7 as wide as pedicel; mesoscutellum with distance between submedian grooves 1.2\u00d7 the distance between submedian and sublateral grooves; female gaster elongate-acuminate, 2.0\u20132.2\u00d7 as long as wide, ovipositor sheaths reach beyond apex of Gt(Former) Czechoslovakia, France, Sweden and United Kingdom .Unknown.Type material: holotype \u2640 . Additional material (7\u2640): France 1\u2640 (GD), Sweden 6\u2640 .7E1C5498-6537-5AE9-8060-8FA0F1789ED8urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:54E6D90B-52D8-431D-804D-3127A4D79C43Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-C07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-C07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-C07; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29814-C07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuselanus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7078; decimalLongitude: 13.475; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length  2.2, width/length  1.2, POL/OOL 1.6, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.2, malar space/eye height 0.5. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.7, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.6, 1.8, 1.7, clava length/width 3.7, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.7, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 0.9, mid-lobe with a median groove in posterior \u2154, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  0.7, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 1.9, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.6, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.9, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 14.7, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.5. Gaster. Elongate, length/width 2.2, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.6, Gt7 length/width 0.7, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.6, longest cercal seta slightly kinked in apical \u00bc, ovipositor sheaths projecting slightly beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Head, mesoscutum and propodeum metallic bluish-green, mesoscutellum and gaster golden-green, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-brown, coxae and femora black with metallic tinges, trochanters dark brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus dark brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-white with T4 brown.MALE. Unknown.7.Antenna with F1 1.6\u00d7 as long and 1.7\u00d7 as wide as pedicel; mesoscutellum with distance between submedian grooves 1.6\u00d7 the distance between submedian and sublateral grooves and with enclosed area between submedian grooves 1.9\u00d7 as long as wide; female gaster elongate-acuminate, 2.2\u00d7 as long as wide, ovipositor sheaths reach beyond apex of GtSweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU.63AB26AF-87D2-5E07-B827-0EE17381523Durn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:92CF571A-6977-4FE1-B6C0-246AE0780E9EType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B04; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusennis; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A07; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusennis; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.9853; decimalLongitude: 27.5847; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-F08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-F08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-F08; recordedBy: E. Shevtsova; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-F08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusennis; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Russia; decimalLatitude: 59.567; decimalLongitude: 30.133; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A07; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A07; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; reproductiveCondition: S; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A07+1449268698.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusennis; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Romania; locality: Barnova Forest; decimalLatitude: 46.9853; decimalLongitude: 27.5847; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.7, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.2, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.6, 1.7, 1.7, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00bd, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.5, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.2, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.8, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.8, propodeum with weak reticulation, propodeal callus with three setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.2, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.6. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.6, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 0.9, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.3, longest cercal seta evenly curved, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic blue tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, fore tibia yellowish-brown, mid and hind tibiae dark brown, tarsi brownish.MALE. Unknown.Female gaster ovate, 1.6\u00d7 as long as wide. See key for separation from similar species.Romania and Russia.Unknown.Holotype deposited in NHM, paratype in MZLU and NHM.6635A644-FD51-5F98-A2A7-6C77A1833B5CLygellusepilachnaeTetrastichus by TetrastichusJablonowskiiSee T.clito , female differs in having a longer and more acute gaster; hosts are different , E.chrysomelina F., Subcoccinellavigintiquattropunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (ellidae) .No material has been examined.A7C3E994-1503-5696-83E6-F5EBBF200E93urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:91B3378D-6EE4-47A4-8CDE-E4E3C94A43E2Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-G06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-G06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-G06; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-G06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusfenrisi; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in SMTP; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 58.553; decimalLongitude: 17.313; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: SMTP; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.8, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 0.9, malar space/eye height 1.1. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.3, 1.4, 1.4, clava length/width 3.7, lengths pedicel/F1 1.0, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.1, mid-lobe with a weak median groove in posterior \u00bd, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.6, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.8, distance between submedian groove to distance between submedian and sublateral grooves 1.0, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 14.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.8. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.6, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.2, Gt7 length/width 0.3, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.3, longest cercal seta curved, ovipositor sheaths not reaching Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Head and mesoscutum black with weak metallic tinges, mesoscutellum dark brown, dorsellum pale brown, propodeum black, gaster dark brown with metallic tinges, antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-brown, coxae, trochanters and femora dark brown, fore tibia infuscate, mid and hind tibiae dark brown, fore tarsus dark brown, mid and hind tarsi dark brown with T1 yellowish-white.MALE. Unknown.Mesoscutellum with distance between submedian groove 1.0\u00d7 the distance between submedian and sublateral grooves and median part with weaker reticulation and more shiny than lateral parts; mesoscutum black with weak metallic tinges, mesoscutellum dark brown, dorsellum pale brown; fore tibia infuscate, mid and hind tibiae dark brown, fore tarsus dark brown, mid and hind tarsi dark brown with T1 yellowish-white.Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in SMTP.A87BE869-4C08-5FCF-8A92-678C13645032urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:83F01BA8-FCE6-4E2A-82B6-2A921F09AEBBType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F02; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusladrus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.45; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.7, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.2, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.4, 1.4, 1.3, clava length/width 3.7, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 1.0, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00bd, with two adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.4, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.3, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.4, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.7, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 13.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.1. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.4, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 0.9, Gt7 length/width 0.4, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.3, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic greenish-blue tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with venation brown to fuscous, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae brownish, fore tarsus brownish, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.MALE. Unknown.Female gaster ovate, 1.4\u00d7 as long as wide. See key for separation from similar species.Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU.7C5B629F-C8D5-5635-BCD9-C065FA4392A4urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2D7C33A0-5750-4257-8DBA-5D478FDDDC15Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G01; recordedBy: Munro et al; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-G01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslazius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in UCRC; Location: country: Italy; decimalLatitude: 41.6552; decimalLongitude: 12.9896; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: UCRC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.4, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.4, widths head/mesosoma 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.2, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.4, 1.7, 1.4, clava length/width 4.2, lengths pedicel/F1 1.0, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 1.0, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.3, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.1 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior 4/5, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.6, mesoscutellum length/width 1.0, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.4, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.0, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.4, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.8. Gaster. Ovate, length/width nm, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma nm, Gt7 length/width 0.4, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.5, longest cercal seta curved, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body metallic blue, antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-brown, coxae and hind femur concolorous with body, trochanters and fore and mid femora dark brown, tibiae pale yellowish-brown, fore tarsus pale brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-white with T4 pale brown.MALE. Unknown.Mesosoma distinctly blue metallic. See key for separation from similar species.Italy.Unknown.Holotype deposited in UCRC.D92ECD9F-14CC-58B4-89F1-FB1B7F2E1E97urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15D723F0-2C0F-496A-B72E-D77124F0D161Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A03; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslixalius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.625; decimalLongitude: 16.702; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D09; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslixalius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.57; decimalLongitude: 16.531; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D10; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslixalius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.57; decimalLongitude: 16.531; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-G10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-G10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-G10; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-G10; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslixalius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.378; decimalLongitude: 16.295; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslixalius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.533; decimalLongitude: 12.917; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-C08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-C08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-C08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-C08; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslixalius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.533; decimalLongitude: 13.133; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.4, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.9, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.3, 1.3, 1.2, clava length/width 2.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.4, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe without median groove, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.4, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.6, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.3, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 14.4, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.1, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.6. Gaster. Long ovate, length/width 1.8, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 0.9, Gt7 length/width 0.6, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.6, longest cercal seta evenly curved, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic greenish-blue tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wing hyaline with venation brown to fuscous, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, fore tibia yellowish-brown, mid tibia brownish, hind tibia dark brown, tarsi brownish with T4 darkest.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.4, width/length in frontal view 1.3, mouth width/malar space 1.2, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, eye height/malar space 1.3. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, reaching beyond apex of corresponding flagellomere, scape length/eye height 1.0, scape length/width 2.6, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.8, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.2, 1.6, 1.8, 1.7, clava length/width 3.9, lengths pedicel/F1 1.0, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.7, F1/F4 0.7, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.4.MALE. Body length 1.6\u20131.7 mm. Colour as in female.Female gaster long ovate, 1.8\u00d7 as long as wide. See key for separation from similar species.Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU and SMTP.CC5D63FC-9BF5-5E23-94F2-67A65236D51Durn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:89E861D0-839F-4869-962A-3E9CF3FEA956Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-B05; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-B05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslycus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.2442; decimalLongitude: 27.4828; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G09; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-G09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslycus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.244; decimalLongitude: 27.483; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F08; recordedBy: Munro et al; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslycus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Italy; decimalLatitude: 41.6552; decimalLongitude: 12.9896; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: UCRC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F07; recordedBy: Munro et al; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslycus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Italy; decimalLatitude: 41.6552; decimalLongitude: 12.9896; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: UCRC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.5, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.8, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.4, 1.4, 1.8, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.4, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a median groove in posterior \u2154, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.5, distance between submedian/distance between submedian and sublateral grooves 1.3, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.7, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.1, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.9. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 0.8, Gt7 length/width 0.4, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak golden-green tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-brown to brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae pale brown, fore tarsus brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.MALE. Unknown.Female gaster ovate, 1.5\u00d7 as long as wide. See key for separation from similar species.Italy, Romania.Unknown.Holotype deposited in NHM, paratypes in NHM, UCRC.FC531BFD-9B8C-5A8B-9D20-06FBF260CA1Durn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15968C8B-DF5E-4A4C-88D2-8C843687128CType status:Holotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: R. Gregorek & M. Suvak; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26562-H10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusnymphae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Slovakia; decimalLatitude: 48.3689; decimalLongitude: 21.705; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26562-H11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26562-H11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26562-H11; recordedBy: R. Gregorek & M. Suvak; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26562-H11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusnymphae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Slovakia; decimalLatitude: 48.3689; decimalLongitude: 21.705; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26562-H10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26562-H10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26562-H10; recordedBy: R. Gregorek & M. Suvak; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26562-H10; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusnymphae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Slovakia; decimalLatitude: 48.3689; decimalLongitude: 21.705; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.5, width/length in frontal view 1.2, POL/OOL 1.8, widths head/mesosoma 0.9, mouth width/malar space 1.4, malar space/eye height 0.5. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width nm, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, clava length/width nm, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava nm, widths F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 nm. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.3, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.8, mid-lobe with a weak median groove that is absent in anterior \u00bc, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, mesoscutellum length/width 1.0, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 1.2, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 2.1, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.6, propodeum with rather strong reticulation and partly smooth, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 11.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.5. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.2, Gt7 length/width 0.6, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 2.0, longest cercal seta sinuate, ovipositor sheaths projecting beyond Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body dark brown to black non-metallic, antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-brown, coxae, trochanters and femora concolorous with body, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus pale brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.5, width/length in frontal view 1.3, eye height/malar space 1.5, mouth width/malar space 1.2, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, reaching beyond apex of corresponding flagellomere, whorled setae on F1 2.0\u00d7 as long as F1 length, scape length/eye height 1.0, scape length/width 2.6, ventral plaque placed centrally, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.4, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.7, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.3, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, clava length/width 4.0, lengths pedicel/F1 1.2, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.7, F1/F4 0.8, lengths F1, F2, F3 F4 /clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4.MALE. Body length 1.3 mm. Colour. Similar to female.7.Mesoscutellum \u00b1flattened, distance between submedian groove 2.1\u00d7 distance between submedian and sublateral grooves, female gaster ovate, 1.5\u00d7 as long as wide, with ovipositor sheaths reaching beyond apex of GtSlovakia.Galerucellanymphaeae (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (Tetrastichusclito).Gregarious endoparasitoid on The type specimens are in poor condition, shrivelled and with parts missing: the holotype lacks antennal clava on both sides and left mid tibia and tarsus.1 \u2640, same data as holotype (MZLU).Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU.Graham 1991D6705BDF-F6EE-51D3-BDF5-F4B75E6A8063TetrastichuspilemostomaeSee 7.Antenna with F1 1.3\u00d7 as long as and 1.3\u00d7 as wide as pedicel; mesoscutellum with distance between submedian grooves 1.7\u20131.9\u00d7 the distance between submedian and sublateral grooves; female gaster short ovate, 1.4\u00d7 as long as wide, with ovipositor sheaths reaching beyond apex of Gtnew record).United Kingdom , Sweden Pilemostomafastuosa  (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (melidae) .Type material: 7\u2640 paratypes (1\u2640 with head missing) (NHM). Additional material: Romania 2\u2640 (NHM).E2A6D1CE-9FC7-5985-A136-A4D25A40C3E8urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3805D744-51AE-4BA9-A17E-431437C89D4AType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A02; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuspixius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6619; decimalLongitude: 13.5472; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A04; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuspixius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6619; decimalLongitude: 13.5472; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuspixius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6619; decimalLongitude: 13.5472; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-C11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-C11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-C11; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-C11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuspixius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.84; decimalLongitude: 13.58; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D06; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-D06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuspixius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.9216; decimalLongitude: 16.1012; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: SMTP; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.2, POL/OOL 1.9, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 0.9, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.5, 1.6, 1.4, clava length/width 3.9, lengths pedicel/F1 1.0, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u00bd, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.5, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.7, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.0, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.7, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with two setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 13.5, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.3. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.3, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 0.9, Gt7 length/width 0.4, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.5, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic blue tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, fore tibia yellowish-brown, mid and hind tibiae brownish, fore tarsus brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T3\u20134 brown.MALE. Unknown.Female gaster ovate, 1.3\u00d7 as long as wide. See key for separation from similar species.Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU and SMTP.DCE4969E-6348-5FDE-8B10-705F699BE6A8The following species could not be assigned to any of the existing species groups.Graham, 19917467FC28-A062-5A84-BCB9-FB1AAE2269C9TetrastichusacutiusculusType status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B10|BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B07|BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F07|BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F07; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F07; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F07+1398632230.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusacutiusculus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Klagshamn; decimalLatitude: 55.533; decimalLongitude: 12.917; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer Hansson; identificationRemarks: CH00225Type status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B10|BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B07|BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F07|BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B07; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B07; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; reproductiveCondition: S; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusacutiusculus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Hungary; locality: Koeszeg; decimalLatitude: 47.22; decimalLongitude: 16.313; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer Hansson; identificationRemarks: CH09270Type status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B10|BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-B07|BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F07|BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B10; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B10; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B10+1423081070.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusacutiusculus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Bostorpsvaegen; decimalLatitude: 56.776; decimalLongitude: 16.707; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonType status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B03; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B03; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-B03+1423081074.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusacutiusculus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Ismantorp; decimalLatitude: 56.893; decimalLongitude: 16.768; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonSee 7 1\u00d7 as long as width at base. Similar to T.leocrates, but with longer gaster and longer antenna, as mentioned in the key.Gaster 2\u00d7 as long as wide with Gtnew record).United Kingdom , Sweden Unknown.Type material: holotype \u2640 . Additional material: Hungary 1\u2640 (NHM), Sweden 5\u2640 .F8388846-D85E-52E0-B610-DCEEAD747E9Durn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:73F51106-D2ED-4D87-9D18-363B1D665065Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E09; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6983; decimalLongitude: 13.4994; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-C08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-C08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-C08; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-C08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.84; decimalLongitude: 13.58; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F08; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.533; decimalLongitude: 12.917; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-E10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-E10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-E10; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-E10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.517; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-G12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-G12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-G12; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-G12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6967; decimalLongitude: 13.4408; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-F04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-F04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-F04; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-F04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6983; decimalLongitude: 13.4994; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E11; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6983; decimalLongitude: 13.4994; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E04; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6983; decimalLongitude: 13.4994; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-D05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-D05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-D05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-D05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6983; decimalLongitude: 13.4994; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E06; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E06; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; reproductiveCondition: S; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-E06+1449268384.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusagonus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Krankesjoen, Fiskeplats; decimalLatitude: 55.6983; decimalLongitude: 13.4994; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.5, width/length in frontal view 1.2, POL/OOL 1.7, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 0.9, malar space/eye height 0.9. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.3, 2.0, 2.0, clava length/width 3.3, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.6, 0.6, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a median groove in posterior \u00bd, with six adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.4, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.5, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.4, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.7, propodeal callus with six setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 7.4, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.3. Gaster. Elongate-acuminate, length/width 1.4, lengths gaster/mesosoma 0.9, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.6, longest cercal seta curved, ovipositor sheaths reach apex of Gt7, but not beyond.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Head and mesosoma with golden tinges, gaster metallic blue, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-brown, coxae and femora golden-green, trochanters black, tibiae yellowish-brown, tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.5, width/length in frontal view 1.3, eye height/malar space 1.3, mouth width/malar space 1.0, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, reaching beyond apex of corresponding flagellomere, whorled setae on F1 1.4\u00d7 as long as F1 length, scape length/eye height 0.9, scape length/width 2.4, ventral plaque placed centrally, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.7, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.8, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.5, 1.9, 2.0, 2.0, clava length/width 5.0, lengths pedicel/F1 2.4, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.8, F1/F4 0.8, lengths F1, F2, F3 F4 /clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4.MALE. Body length 1.7 mm. Colour. Entire body with golden-green tinges, mid and hind tibiae dark brown. Otherwise as in female.T.miser, but the male differs in having whorled setae of F1\u2013F4 reaching slightly beyond the tip of funicular attached to; female tentatively separated through characters mentioned in the key.Very similar to Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, NHM, ZSM.Graham, 19917BFAA0A3-4BD7-5DCE-BCAD-D8EC28B698B0TetrastichusagrilocidusSee Female antenna with clava 0.7\u20130.8\u00d7 as long as F2+F3, F1 about as wide as pedicel; male antenna with whorled setae of funiculars reaching beyond the tips of funicular attached to, scape 2.5\u00d7 as long as wide; female gaster 2.8\u00d7 as long as wide.new records).(Former) Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland , Sweden Agrilus sp. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), Xylotrechuspantherinus Savenius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) (bycidae) .T.agrilocidus . Additional material (11\u2640 2\u2642): Czech Republic 1\u2640 (NHM), Finland 2\u2640 (NHM), France 6\u2640 (NHM), Germany 2\u2640 1\u2642 , Sweden 4\u2640 1\u2642 (MZLU).Type material: holotype \u2640 of 0E120561-A1D4-5637-9F20-678419169929urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:52C31218-ADD7-474A-97D7-A7B03ABCEE32Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A07; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A07; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6967; decimalLongitude: 13.4408; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A11; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6664; decimalLongitude: 13.6242; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C04; recordedBy: SMTP project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.418; decimalLongitude: 16.068; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: SMTP; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C03; recordedBy: SMTP project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 58.553; decimalLongitude: 11.273; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C02; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: decimalLatitude: 58.553; decimalLongitude: 11.273; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C05; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: decimalLatitude: 56.418; decimalLongitude: 16.068; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: SMTP; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-H03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-H03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-H03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-H03; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-H03+1510087798.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Lake Kranke, vid baeck; decimalLatitude: 55.7078; decimalLongitude: 13.475; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C01; recordedBy: SMTr Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C01; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: a; reproductiveCondition: S; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C01+1444992588.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Tanums kn, Hamburgsund; decimalLatitude: 58.553; decimalLongitude: 11.273; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D11; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D11; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D11+1398631912.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Lk Kranke, Ekskogen; decimalLatitude: 55.683; decimalLongitude: 13.45; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer Hansson; identificationRemarks: CH04246Type status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-F02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-F02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-F02; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-F02; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-F02+1510087672.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Lake Kranke, Ekskogen; decimalLatitude: 55.6861; decimalLongitude: 13.4611; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-C07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-C07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-C07; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-C07; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-C07+1510087182.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusballotus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Lake Kranke, baeck; decimalLatitude: 55.7078; decimalLongitude: 13.475; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.4, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.2, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.2, 1.9, 1.7, clava length/width 3.6, lengths pedicel/F1 0.7, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a median groove in posterior \u2154, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.5, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.7, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.7, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 9.1, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.3. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.4, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.0, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.6, longest cercal seta curved, ovipositor sheaths projecting slightly beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with golden-green tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with venation dark yellowish-brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, fore tibia dark yellowish-brown, mid and hind tibiae pale brown, fore tarsus dark brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T3-4 dark brown.MALE. Unknown.T.miser, differs morphologically in having a longer distance between lateral ocelli and eyes and in having a longer antennal clava.Very similar to Sweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, SMTP.6DE5E073-7834-52B9-BF8B-37CD7E13029Durn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:18B532FE-61A6-4E1D-B5E9-E189A5042D20Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G03; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-G03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbroncus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.822; decimalLongitude: 13.81; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-B04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-B04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-B04; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-B04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbroncus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.016; decimalLongitude: 13.134; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-B03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-B03; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-B03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbroncus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.016; decimalLongitude: 13.134; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D12; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbroncus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6619; decimalLongitude: 13.5472; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-G10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-G10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-G10; recordedBy: S. Schmidt; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22526-G10; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbroncus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.683; decimalLongitude: 16.641; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D04; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-D04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbroncus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.683; decimalLongitude: 13.517; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-A02; recordedBy: R. Bygebjerg; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-A02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbroncus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6192; decimalLongitude: 13.5497; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-B05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-B05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-B05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29750-B05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusbroncus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.0756; decimalLongitude: 13.6778; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length  2.1, width/length  1.3, POL/OOL 1.9, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.8. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.4, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 1.9, 1.9, clava length/width 3.5, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 1.0, mid-lobe with a median groove in posterior \u00bd, with five adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.4, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.4, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.3, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 13.6, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.8. Gaster. Elongate-acuminate, length/width 2.6, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 1.3, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.8, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths projecting beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak golden-green tinges, scape yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.MALE. Unknown.7 length/width 1.3; antennal clava 1.0\u00d7 as long as F2+F3 and with distinct constriction between C1 and C2.Gaster elongate-acuminate, length/width 2.6, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 1.1, GtSweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, SMTP and ZSM.Graham, 1983E6AB440A-9E96-52D2-83C4-642F6F8C789CTetrastichuscrioceridis59See Mouth opening 1.4\u20131.6\u00d7 malar space in both sexes; apex of female antennal clava blunt; male funiculars 2\u20134 without distinct whorl of setae.new record).France, The Netherlands , Sweden Criocerisduodecimpunctata L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), gregarious egg-larval parasitoid (rasitoid .T.crioceridis (NHM). Additional material (118\u2640 26\u2642): France 5\u2640 1\u2642 (NHM), The Netherlands 20\u2640 8\u2642 (NHM), Sweden 92\u2640 17\u2642  , United Kingdom 1\u2640 (NHM).Type material: paratype(s) \u2640 & \u2642 of 613FC571-05D7-55BB-B19E-742BADB4A77Durn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:97131D3D-B98D-4079-B914-0E49A45AE920Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-E02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-E02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-E02; recordedBy: G.Delvare; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-E02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusdelvarei; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: France; decimalLatitude: 44.124; decimalLongitude: 5.18037; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25459-G08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25459-G08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25459-G08; recordedBy: D. Doczkal; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25459-G08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusdelvarei; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Germany; decimalLatitude: 50.027; decimalLongitude: 9.8; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: ZSM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.4, width/length in frontal view 1.2, POL/OOL 1.8, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.8, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.6, 2.6, 1.9, clava length/width 3.4, lengths pedicel/F1 0.5, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.2, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.6, 0.5, width F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove almost complete, missing in very anterior part, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.7, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.4, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with six setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.3, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.2. Gaster. Elongate, length/width 2.3, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.4, Gt7 length/width 1.0, lengths longest cercal seta/next longest seta nm, ovipositor sheaths reaching beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic bluish-green tinges, scape pale brown with dorsal edge dark brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wing venation yellowish-white, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, fore and mid femora dark brown with apex yellowish-brown, hind femur concolorous with body, fore tibia yellowish-brown, mid tibia pale brown with apex yellowish-brown, hind tibia dark brown with apex yellowish-brown, tarsi with T1\u20133 yellowish-brown and T4 brown.MALE. Unknown.T.agrilocidus, but differs in having a shorter gaster, 1.4\u00d7 as long as length of mesosoma and with antennal flagellomeres shorter and clava longer.Similar to Named after the collector of holotype, Gerard Delvare (CIRAD).France.Unknown.Holotype deposited in NHM, paratype in ZSM.158B98F6-0B60-5E44-8B7E-389D8B2097E3urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F17802D2-E6F9-4D9E-97E7-D1513D165003Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21585-G01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21585-G01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21585-G01; recordedBy: D. Doczkal; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21585-G01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusdoczkali; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in ZSM; Location: country: Germany; decimalLatitude: 47.554; decimalLongitude: 7.67; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: ZSM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.3, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.3, widths head/mesosoma 1.0, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.4, 2.1, 1.8, clava length/width 3.1, lengths pedicel/F1 0.7, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.7, 0.6, 0.6, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.3, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with complete median groove, with six adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/scutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian lines 2.4, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.4, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.5, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 8.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.5. Gaster. Elongate, length/width 2.6, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.6, Gt7 length/width 0.8, length of longest cercal seta to next longest seta 1.8, longest cercal seta evenly curved, ovipositor sheaths reaching beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Head and mesosoma black with golden-green tinges, gaster dark brown with metallic tinges, scape yellowish-brown with dorsal edge pale brown, pedicel brown with dorsal part dark brown, flagellum dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wing venation yellowish-white, fore and mid coxae dark brown and hind coxa concolorous with body, trochanters and femora dark brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, tibiae yellowish-white.MALE. Unknown.T.agrilocidus, but differs in having a longer distance between posterior ocelli and with shorter F1 and F2.Similar to Named after the collector of the species, Dieter Doczkal (ZSM).Germany.Unknown.Holotype deposited in ZSM.A47EE0AB-45D3-5E98-AA24-6C7F0643674Aurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:634458CE-6FDD-43BD-98B1-5381A8DF24DCType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F04; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-F04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuselodius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Hungary; decimalLatitude: 47; decimalLongitude: 17.45; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC ZSM HYM AE339; catalogNumber: BC ZSM HYM AE339; recordNumber: BC ZSM HYM AE339; recordedBy: G. Merkel-Wallner; individualID: BC ZSM HYM AE339; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuselodius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Germany; decimalLatitude: 48.518; decimalLongitude: 13.726; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: ZSM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.1, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.2, widths head/mesosoma 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.4, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.4, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.2, 2.2, 2.0, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a median groove in posterior \u00bd, with five adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, mesoscutellum length/width 0.9, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.4, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.5, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.5, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.8. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.7, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.2, Gt7 length/width 0.6, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 2.2, longest cercal seta sinuate, ovipositor sheaths reach apex of Gt7, but not beyond.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body metallic bluish, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, tibiae yellowish-brown, fore tarsus dark brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.MALE. Unknown.T.julis, female differs morphologically in having a longer distance between lateral ocelli and eyes and in having a shorter marginal vein compared to length of stigmal vein (see key).Very similar to Germany, Hungary.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratype ZSM.E493B005-37FF-53CE-8DE6-A65C1443588Curn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:03EF990E-E488-4C71-A451-A6E12F0B46F1Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F03; recordedBy: G.Delvare; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-F03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusenodis; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: France; decimalLatitude: 43.5912; decimalLongitude: 3.25836; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length  2.1, width/length  1.2, POL/OOL 1.8, widths head/mesosoma 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.1, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.4, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.8, 1.6, 1.3, clava length/width 3.0, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.0, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 1.0, mid-lobe with a median groove that is missing in very furthest anterior part, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.5, mesoscutellum length/width 0.7, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.0, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.8, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.9, propodeum smooth, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 11.8, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.1. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 2.4, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 1.6, Gt7 length/width 0.7, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.3, longest seta weakly curved almost straight, ovipositor sheaths projecting beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body dark brown to black with weak metallic tinges, antenna pale brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins pale yellowish-brown, coxae black with weak metallic tinges, femora and trochanters dark brown, fore tibia and tarsus infuscate, mid and hind tibiae pale yellowish-brown, mid and and hind tarsi white with T4 pale brown.MALE. Unknown.Frons with interscrobal area as a wide carina reaching almost to median ocellus; propodeum smooth and shiny.France.Unknown.The left femora, tibia and tarsus of mid and hind leg are detached and glued to a separate card.Holotype deposited in NHM.8B26B498-8DCB-56B6-B88E-C73F62EC490Curn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7D70AAF5-262D-4830-8523-AF7E4713C15FType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-H10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-H10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-H10; recordedBy: E. Shevtsova; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22524-H10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusfadus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Russia; decimalLatitude: 60.401; decimalLongitude: 30.373; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length  2.2, width/length  1.2, POL/OOL 1.8, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.3, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.8, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.1, 2.0, 2.0, clava length/width 3.1, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.6, 0.6, widths F1/pedicel  1.4, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 1.0, mid-lobe without median groove, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.5, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.1, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.9, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.6, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.3. Gaster. Elongate-acuminate, length/width 2.4, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 1.3, Gt7 length/width 1.2, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.7, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths projecting beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak golden-green tinges, scape yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-brown, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters and femora dark brown, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.MALE. Unknown.7 length/width 1.2; antennal clava 1.0\u00d7 as long as F2+F3 and with distinct constriction between C1 and C2.Gaster elongate-acuminate, length/width 2.4, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 1.3, GtRussia.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU.2BCFA82F-84BA-5099-8584-F78082D4ADC5urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BD8FE3EA-DB41-47AA-8FD2-FF60EF3DDF9AType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-D08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusgredius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.0501; decimalLongitude: 12.915; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F06; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusgredius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.533; decimalLongitude: 12.917; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.2, POL/OOL 1.8, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.3, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.8, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.1, 2.0, 2.0, clava length/width 3.1, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.6, 0.6, widths F1/pedicel  1.4, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a complete median groove , with five adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.5, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.1, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.9, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.6, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 8.2, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.3. Gaster. Elongate-acuminate, length/width 2.4, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 1.3, Gt7 length/width 1.2, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.7, longest cercal seta straight, ovipositor sheaths projecting beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak golden-green tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, fore and hind tibia brownish, mid tibia dark brown, tarsi yellowish-brown.MALE. Unknown.7 length/width 1.2.Mouth opening 1.3\u00d7 (1.27\u00d7) malar space; scape dark brown; gaster elongate-acuminate, length/width 2.4, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 1.3, GtSweden.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratype in MZLU.0FA0A0BC-C503-5C22-BE47-8127BDF217B3AprostocetushalidayiTetrastichus by See 7.Mouth opening very wide, 2.0\u20132.2\u00d7 malar space; mandibles very large, with outer tooth falcate and separated by a wide gap from the two small inner teeth, which are subacute and closely approximated; female gaster relatively long, 1.8\u00d7 as long as wide with ovipositor sheaths protruding beyond apex of Gtnew records).(Former) Czechoslovakia, Germany, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom , Russia Agropusahrensi Germar (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (melidae) .Type material: holotype \u2640 (OUMNH). Additional material (219\u2640 57\u2642): Germany 2\u2642 (UCRC), Russia 8\u2640 (MZLU), Sweden 197\u2640 51\u2642 , Switzerland 1\u2640 (ZSM), United Kingdom 13\u2640 4\u2642 (NHM).Delucchi, 1954E1DAE348-B08B-5A1D-888F-3AA58C57008ETetrastichusheeringiSee Diagnosis. Female antenna with Fl 3.0\u20133.2\u00d7 as long as wide and 0.7\u20130.8\u00d7 length of clava, the latter 0.8\u20130.9\u00d7 as long as F2+F3, F1 about as wide as width of pedicel; male antenna with whorled setae of funiculars reaching beyond the tips of funicular attached to, scape 2.4\u20132.6\u00d7 as long as wide; female gaster 1.8\u20131.9\u00d7 as long as wide.(new record).Bulgaria, (former) Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy , Sweden Agrilusaurichalceus Redtenbacher, A.integerrimus Ratzeburg, A.viridis (L.) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) (estidae) .Non-type material (15\u2640 4\u2642): Finland 5\u2640 2\u2642 (NHM), France 3\u2640 , Sweden 7\u2640 2\u2642 (NHM). Fig.Graham, 19916C4A70BB-1308-53C5-9ED1-337D38E6E13DTetrastichusheterusSee Antennal clava 0.8\u00d7 as long as F2+F3; gaster 2.3\u00d7 as long as wide, as long as head+mesosoma.Montenegro .Unknown.Type material: holotype \u2640 .E29CD346-B50B-5E9D-9EE1-63FFF1615D6DCirrospilusTetrastichus by Aprostocetus by Tetrastichus by See Female with antennal spicule 0.5\u00d7 as long as C3 and scape longer than eye; mouth opening 1.14\u00d7 malar space in both sexes.new record).(Former) Czechoslovakia, Germany, Ireland, United Kingdom , Sweden Unknown.C. Ilithyia (NHM type no. 5.1940). Additional material (10\u2640 3\u2642): Russia 5\u2640 3\u2642 , United Kingdom 5\u2640 (NHM).Type material: lectotype \u2640 of 2746DB52-7C52-51AA-9301-ADC536403122urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F0E8692D-E47A-4145-99BD-31D7F2928D7CType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F11; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F11; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in MZLU; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.5; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B12; recordedBy: A.Sundholm; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B12; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7047; decimalLongitude: 13.191; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-A05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-A05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-A05; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-A05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.378; decimalLongitude: 16.592; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A09; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A09; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6664; decimalLongitude: 13.6242; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E08; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27769-E08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 56.676; decimalLongitude: 16.558; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-C09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-C09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-C09; recordedBy: Swedish Malaise Trap Project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-C09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 57.322; decimalLongitude: 18.203; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H09; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.45; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F01; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-F01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.45; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C06; recordedBy: SMTP project; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-13565-C06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 59.767; decimalLongitude: 13.467; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D04; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.15; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.15; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D01; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.15; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-H09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-H09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-H09; recordedBy: A.C.Galsworthy; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-H09; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: United Kingdom; decimalLatitude: 51.4114; decimalLongitude: 0.0358; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H10; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-H10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.7; decimalLongitude: 13.45; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-B03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-B03; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25460-B03; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 55.6928; decimalLongitude: 13.1678; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-G01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-G01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-G01; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27493-G01; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Sweden; decimalLatitude: 58.339; decimalLongitude: 11.151; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D06|BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B07; recordedBy: A.Jansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B07; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B07+1516986268.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Oerebro; decimalLatitude: 59.2753; decimalLongitude: 15.2134; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D06|BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-B07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D06; recordedBy: SMTP; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D06; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-D06+1516986282.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusinscitus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Roleks; decimalLatitude: 57.5391; decimalLongitude: 18.3498; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.0, width/length in frontal view 1.4, POL/OOL 1.6, widths head/mesosoma 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.6, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.5, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.0, 1.7, 1.7, clava length/width 3.6, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.5, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a median groove in posterior \u00bd, with 3+4 adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, mesoscutellum length/width 1.0, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.5, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.7, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.5, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 11.7, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.0, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.2. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.6, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.3, Gt7 length/width 0.6, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta nm, longest cercal seta sinuate, ovipositor sheaths reach apex of Gt7, but not beyond.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body metallic bluish, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with venation dark yellowish-brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, fore tibia dark yellowish-brown, mid and hind tibiae dark brown, fore tarsus dark brown, mid and hind tarsi tarsi dark yellowish-brown with T4 darkest.Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.2, eye height/malar space 1.5, mouth width/malar space 1.1, widths head/mesosoma 1.2. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, reaching beyond apex of corresponding flagellomere, whorled setae on F1 1.2\u00d7 as long as F1 length, scape length/eye height 1.2, scape length/width 2.8, ventral plaque placed centrally, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.7, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.8, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.8, 1.8, 2.0, 1.8, clava length/width 4.0, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.8, F1/F4 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3 F4 /clava 0.4, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5.MALE. Body length 1.4\u20131.6 mm. Colour. As in female.T.julis, female differs morphologically as indicated in the key.Very similar to Sweden and United Kingdom.Unknown.Holotype deposited in MZLU, paratypes in MZLU, NHM, SMTP and ZSM.843F7CF6-9C13-50C1-98EA-7A52D1CC0831CirrospilusAprostocetus by Tetrastichus by TetrastichusT.julis by See Mouth opening 1.4\u20131.6\u00d7 malar space; more???new records).France, Germany, Poland, Portugal (Madeira), Romania, Sweden, United Kingdom , AustriaLema (Oulema) spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), gregarious endoparasitoid of host larva , and \u2640 of T.maderae . Additional material (18\u2640 8\u2642): Austria 1\u2640 (UCRC), France 1\u2640 (G), Germany 2\u2640 (MZLU), Russia 1\u2640 (UCRC), Sweden 13\u2640 8\u2642 .Type material: lectotypes \u2642 of 227A2FAD-A3DB-5E9E-B144-89948672E1D0urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C5A5DCE4-E547-4ADC-AAD4-00305DEDCCB0Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D02; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D02; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslanius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.985; decimalLongitude: 27.585; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-G05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-G05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-G05; recordedBy: O.Popovici; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-22523-G05; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslanius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.045; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: MZLU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D06; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslanius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.985; decimalLongitude: 27.585; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-E03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-E03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-E03; recordedBy: H.Tussac; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-29813-E03; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslanius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: France; decimalLatitude: 44.4064; decimalLongitude: 1.49961; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: GD; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A08; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichuslanius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.9, widths head/mesosoma 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.5, malar space/eye height 0.6. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.5, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.3, 2.1, 1.8, clava length/width 3.8, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.2, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.6, 0.5, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.3, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.2, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width (width measured in anterior part) 1.0, mid-lobe with complete median groove, with six adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.2, mesoscutellum length/width 1.0, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.4, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.7, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.5, propodeum with strong reticulation, propodeal callus with six setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 10.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 3.0. Gaster. Elongate-acuminate, length/width 1.7, lengths gaster/head+mesosoma 0.8, Gt7 length/width 0.6, length of longest cercal seta/to next longest seta 1.8, longest cercal seta almost straight, ovipositor sheaths reach slightly beyond apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic blue tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with veins yellowish-brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.MALE. Unknown.T.crioceridis, differs only in having F2 and antennal clava longer.Mouth opening 1.4\u20131.5\u00d7 malar space; scape 0.9\u00d7 as long as eye. Similar to France and Romania.Unknown.Holotype deposited in NHM, paratypes in MZLU, NHM, GD.Giraud, 1863C1EB98BF-9E1F-5DFF-9FBC-459E81D56126TetrastichuslegionariusAprostocetus by Tetrastichus by 73See 7 1.5\u20131.9\u00d7 as long as wide; female antenna with funiculars elongate, F1 4.1\u20134.3\u00d7, F2 3.2\u20133.9\u00d7, F3 2.8\u20133.1\u00d7 as long as wide; male scape with ventral plaque 0.6\u20130.7\u00d7 length of scape, whorled setae of funiculars not reaching to the tips of funiculars attached to; eye height 1.0\u00d7 malar space in both sexes; both sexes with relatively bright metallic blue colour.Female gaster very long, 2.6\u20133.3\u00d7 as long as wide, with Gtnew records).Austria, (former) Czechoslovakia, France, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain , Sweden Liparalucens Meigen (Diptera: Chloropidae) (Gregarious endoparasitoid of larvae and pupae of ropidae) .Non-type material (95\u2640 17\u2642): Austria 1\u2640 (UCRC), France 16\u2640 2\u2642 , Sweden 69\u2640 15\u2642 , United Kingdom 9\u2640 (NHM).Graham, 1991191E4EE3-3792-5F02-80CC-DDE729BD58A4TetrastichusleionotusTetrastichusleionotusGraham 199174See Antenna with scape and pedicel yellowish-brown; frons with a median longitudinal carina that reaches above the middle of frons .C0B40766-484B-5E53-ACDA-5BD13194E0B7CirrospilusTetrastichus by Aprostocetus by Tetrastichus by See T.miser and difficult to separate by morphology; male antenna is without whorls of setae on F1\u2013F4, which separates it from males of the very similar T.miser, in which males have these whorls.The female is similar to the female of Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom  and SwedRhynchaenusalni (L.) (R.testaceus (M\u00fcller) (new record) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).lni (L.) , R.testC.leocrates . Additional material: Sweden 19\u2640 21\u2642 .Type material: lectotype \u2640 of Graham, 1991431DA2D8-BD7F-5D67-B976-E27A2E14C3C1TetrastichusleptosomaSee Female antenna with sensilla on F1\u2013F3 sparse, in one (sometimes irregular) row on each funicular; clava without a constriction between C1 and C2.(Former) Czechoslovakia, France .Unknown.T.leptosoma .Holotype \u2640 of 29558ECD-DD4C-5752-BA31-C15486E3EBE0TetrastichuslyridiceCirrospilus Lyridice Walker 1839aGraham 196177TetrastichusWalker 1848AprostocetusGraham 1961TetrastichusDomenichini 1966See Female antenna with pedicel+flagellum 1.3\u20131.4\u00d7 width of mesoscutum, setae of flagellum long and standing out at a greater angle, clava with a distinct constriction between C1 and C2 and 0.9\u00d7 as long as F2+F3; male scape with short ventral plaque, 0.5\u00d7 as long as length of scape.new records).The Netherlands, United Kingdom , Sweden Plagioderaversicolora (Laicharting) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). This record is doubtful, needs checking . Additional material (45\u2640 5\u2642): France 2\u2640 (NHM), Romania 2\u2640 (NHM), Sweden 37\u2640 5\u2642 , United Kingdom 4\u2640 (NHM).Type material: lectotype \u2640 of D762A768-B9EB-55AA-9884-A755058A734AAprostocetusmacropsTetrastichus by See Eyes relatively large, separated by a distance of 1.1\u20131.3\u00d7 the length of an eye and with narrow temples; antenna with clava 0.7\u20130.9\u00d7 as long as F2+F3.The Netherlands and United Kingdom .Cis spp. (Coleoptera: Cisiidae) in Polyporaceae (Probably poraceae .A.macrops (OUMNH). Additional material (2\u2640): United Kingdom 2\u2640 (NHM).Type material: holotype \u2640 of Graham, 1991129DB571-9DBD-5F42-8EDE-494FB40B322CTetrastichusmelasomaeTetrastichusmelasomaeGraham 199179See Fore wing with costal cell very narrow, 13\u201317\u00d7 as long as broad; antenna with claval spine about 0.5\u00d7 length of C3; scape yellow; body bright green to blue.(Former) Czechoslovakia  and SwedChrysomelavigintipunctata (Scopoli) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (melidae) .T.melasomae .Holotype \u2640 of B748D62A-B15D-5142-9046-078A5DE95612urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4EA5E6D5-D906-428F-8729-2B49B1943754Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A10; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-A10; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusminius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B08; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-B08; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusminius; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 47.011; decimalLongitude: 27.603; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.2, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 1.7, widths head/mesosoma 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.4, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.0, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.2, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.4, 1.1, 1.1, clava length/width 2.2, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 1.1, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.3, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.9 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a weak median groove in posterior \u00bd, with three adnotaular setae on either side, length of mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.4, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.3, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.3, propodeum with weak reticulation, propodeal callus with five setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 12.5, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.1, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.9. Gaster. Short ovate, length/width shrivelled and difficult to measure, but appears slightly longer than wide, lengths gaster/mesosoma nm, Gt7 length/width 0.3, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.7, longest cercal seta sinuate, ovipositor sheaths not reaching apex of Gt7.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body dark brown to black, partly with weak metallic tinges, antenna dark brown, tegulae black with metallic tinges, wings hyaline with venation dark yellowish-brown, coxae, trochanters and femora concolorous with body, tibiae and tarsi dark yellowish-brown.MALE. Unknown.T.polyporinus, see key for characters to separate.Mouth opening 1.4\u00d7 malar space; female flagellum short, for example, F3 1.1\u00d7 as long as wide and clava 2.2\u00d7 as long as wide; body dark brown black with metallic tinges. Similar to Romania.Unknown.Holotype deposited in NHM, paratype in NHM.90BA099B-F7C7-591A-B640-6B44429E8E6CTetrastichusmiserEulophusmiserNees von Esenbeck 1834Graham 199181TetrastichusWalker 1848AprostocetusGraham 1961TetrastichusDomenichini 1966CirrospilusAttalusEntedonmedianusSee 7 transverse; male with whorled setae on F1\u2013F4 at most reaching to apex of funicular attached to, or slightly beyond apex. See key for delimitation from similar species.Female with gaster at most 1.6\u00d7 as long as wide and with GtAustria, (former) Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom and (former) Yugoslavia .Rhynchaenusalni (L.), R.fagi (L.), R.pilosus (F.), R.quercus (F.), R.salicis (L.), Ramphusoxyacanthae (Marsham) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (ionidae) .E.miser , lectotype of C.Attalus . Additional material: Sweden 124\u2640 13\u2642 , of which 12\u2640 6\u2642 were reared from Ramphusoxyacanthae.Type material: neotype \u2640 of F9331AB2-55DB-5190-9E64-FDF305268B98urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:87DB0533-3BE8-4712-89B2-30655FB2CA03Type status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D04; recordedBy: J.S. Noyes; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27768-D04; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusnataliedaleskeyae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in NHM; Location: country: Romania; decimalLatitude: 46.985; decimalLongitude: 27.585; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-H06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-H06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-27760-H06; recordedBy: N. Dale-Skey; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-27770-H06; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusnataliedaleskeyae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: United Kingdom; decimalLatitude: 51.4669; decimalLongitude: 0.2358; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: NHM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.5, width/length in frontal view 1.3, POL/OOL 2.2, widths head/mesosoma 1.1, mouth width/malar space 1.0, malar space/eye height 0.7. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 0.9, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.3, length/width F1, F2, F3 2.3, 2.0, 1.7, clava length/width 3.3, lengths pedicel/F1 0.6, lengths F1/F2 1.0, F1/F3 1.1, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.5, 0.6, 0.5, widths F1/pedicel  1.1, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.2. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 1.0 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with a median groove in posterior \u2154, with three adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 1.0, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.4, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.6, lengths dorsellum/propodeum  0.6, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 9.0, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 0.9, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.8. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.5, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.5, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 1.6, longest cercal seta curved, ovipositor sheaths reach apex of Gt7, but not beyond.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Head and mesosoma with metallic bluish-green tinges, gaster golden-green, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae black, wings hyaline with venation yellowish-white, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters black, tibiae dark yellowish-brown, fore tarsus dark yellowish-brown, mid and hind tarsi yellowish-white with T4 dark brown.MALE. Unknown.T.leocrates, but with gaster and Gt7 shorter; also similar to T.sinope, but with longer distance between submedian grooves on mesoscutellum and to T.ballotus, but with shorter antennal clava and shorter marginal vein in fore wing.Similar to Hymenoptera section at the NHM, who collected one type specimen and for having been a great help with logistics at the NHM.Named after Natalie Dale-Skey, curator of the Romania and United Kingdom.Unknown.Holotype and parytype deposited in NHM.Graham, 1991110B2006-ED0C-54E0-8C35-A031F9C5C78ETetrastichuspachycerusTetrastichuspachycerusGraham 199183See Ocellar triangle encircled by groove; vertex with numerous piliferous punctures; antennal flagellum stout, distinctly wider than width of pedicel, clava with apex blunt; F1 2.2\u20132.4\u00d7 as long as wide; funiculars strongly hairy and with sensilla usually in three rows; large species, 2.4\u20133.1 mm.new records).(Former) Czechoslovakia, France, United Kingdom , Norway Unknown.T.pachycerus . Additional material (10\u2640): France 1\u2640 (NHM), Norway 2\u2640 (NHM), Sweden 5\u2640 , United Kingdom 2\u2640 (NHM).Type material: holotype \u2640 of Graham, 1991B5F15FF0-8301-506F-A5C9-A34DD8CB930ATetrastichuspaululusTetrastichuspaululusGraham 199184See 7 1.1\u20131.5\u00d7 as long as wide.Antennal scape, tibiae and wing veins dark brown to black; gaster lanceolate 2.4\u20132.9\u00d7 as long as wide with GtFrance and United Kingdom .Unknown.T.paululus .Holotype \u2640 of Graham, 19913832A42C-7846-5667-8C50-E9CD54FFF148TetrastichusperkinsorumSee Mouth opening 1.4\u00d7 malar space; antenna with scape 1.2\u00d7 as long as an eye, funiculars 1.5\u20131.6\u00d7 as long as wide.Sweden .Unknown.T.perkinsorum .Holotype \u2640 of Askew, 2007536C6E4C-8C06-50E2-B59C-F2CDA3FE256ATetrastichuspolyporinusFemale, see Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.6, width/length in frontal view 1.4, eye height/malar space 1.5, mouth width/malar space 1.5, widths head/mesosoma 1.1. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, reaching beyond apex of corresponding flagellomere, scape length/eye height 1.0, scape length/width 2.5, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.7, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.5, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.7, 1.9, 2.0, 2.0, clava length/width 4.9, lengths pedicel/F1 0.8, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, F1/F4 0.9, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.5, 0.5.MALE. Body length 1.7 mm. Colour. Body with weak metallic blue tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wing venation yellowish-brown to brown, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters and femora dark brown, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.Mouth opening 1.3\u20131.5\u00d7 malar space; female antenna: flagellum short, for example, F3 at most 1.1\u00d7 as long as wide, sometimes transverse and clava (incl. spicule) 2.5\u00d7 as long as wide; male antenna: length of whorled setae on funiculars at least 1.4\u00d7 the length of funicular attached to; F4 2.0\u00d7 as long as wide; body black with very weak blue tinges.new records).France, Germany , RomaniaDacne sp. (Triplaxrufipes Fabricius and T.russica (L.) new records. All hosts are Coleoptera: Erotylidae.Possibly acne sp. ; TriplaxTriplaxrussica from Polyporus sp. on Fraxinus (G), Romania 2\u2640 , Sweden 10\u2640 ex Triplaxrufipes (NHM).Type material: holotype \u2640 . Additional material (23\u2640 3\u2642): France 11\u2640 3\u2642 ex 02163611-210D-54FF-9082-163668545ECFurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:12F1A2BE-914B-4B5B-86EE-18147639557AType status:Holotype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B08; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B08; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; taxonRemarks: Holotype deposited in ZSM; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; institutionCode: ZSM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B12; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B12; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B11; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B11; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B07; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B07; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B05; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B05; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B04; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B04; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B04; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B04; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B03; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B03; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B03; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B03; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B02; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B02; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B02; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B02; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B01; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B01; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B01; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B01; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A12; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A12; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A12; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A12; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A11; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A11; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A11; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A10; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A10; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A09; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A09; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A08; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A08; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A08; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A08; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A07; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A07; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A07; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A07; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A05; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A05; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A05; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B10; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B10; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B10; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B10; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B09; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B09; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B09; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B09; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B06; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-B06; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenType status:Paratype. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A06; recordedBy: H. Lappalainen; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-25461-A06; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichusscardiae; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichinae; Location: country: Finland; decimalLatitude: 62.601; decimalLongitude: 29.759; Record Level: type: PhysicalObject; language: en; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenHead. Width/length in dorsal view 2.0, width/length in frontal view 1.0, POL/OOL 0.9, widths head/mesosoma 0.9, mouth width/malar space 1.3, malar space/eye height 1.1. Antenna. Scape length/eye height 1.1, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 0.9, length/width F1, F2, F3 1.3, 1.3, 1.5, clava length/width 3.1, lengths pedicel/F1 1.4, lengths F1/F2 0.8, F1/F3 0.7, lengths F1, F2, F3/clava 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, widths F1/pedicel  0.9, lengths antennal spicule/C3 0.3. Mesosoma. Length/width 1.4, mesoscutal mid-lobe length/width 0.8 (width measured in anterior part), mid-lobe with median groove in posterior \u2153, with four adnotaular setae on each side, lengths mesoscutum/mesoscutellum  1.3, mesoscutellum length/width 0.8, length/width of enclosed space between submedian grooves 2.6, distance between SMG/distance between SMG and SLG 1.1, lengths dorsellum/propodeum 0.5, propodeum with weak reticulation, propodeal callus with four setae. Fore wing. Costal cell length/width 8.2, lengths costal cell/marginal vein 1.1, lengths marginal/stigmal veins 2.4. Gaster. Ovate, length/width 1.6, lengths gaster/mesosoma 1.1, Gt7 length/width 0.4, length of longest cercal seta/next longest seta 2.0, longest cercal seta strongly curved, ovipositor sheaths reach apex of Gt7, but not beyond.FEMALE holotype Fig. . Body leColour. Body with weak metallic green tinges, scape yellowish-brown, pedicel brownish, flagellum dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wings hyaline with veins yellow-white to brown, coxae and femora concolorous with body, trochanters dark brown, tibiae and tarsi yellowish-brown.MALE. There are four males in the type series, but all specimens are badly damaged and fragmented and all specimens lack pedicel+flagellum. The antenna holds several diagnostic characters and without them and, as the specimens are broken, it is not possible to give a useful description. However, the male shares the same diagnostic features as the female, except characters in the antenna and it should be possible to recognise the characters through these.Posterior ocelli close, POL/OOL= 0.9; eyes small and malar space large, length of eye/malar space = 0.9 in female, 1.0 in male; female antenna short, length pedicel+flagellum/width of mesosoma = 0.9, with F1 and F2 \u00b1 merged in most specimens ; submedian grooves on mesoscutellum distinctly converging towards posterior part; mesoscutum and mesoscutellum with weak reticulation and shiny.Finland.Scardiaboletella (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Tineidae). There is no information if all specimens in the type series are from the same host specimen, but as the identical barcode in all specimens indicates that they are from the same clutch (including 20\u2640 and 4\u2642), this is probably the case. Thus, this species is a gregarious endoparasitoid.Holotype deposited in ZSM, paratypes in MZLU, NHM and ZSM.Thomson, 18783E2683D8-8B66-511B-91F8-A16A44FE0C80TetrastichussetiferAprostocetus by Tetrastichus by Female see Head. Width/length in dorsal view 2.6, width/length in frontal view 1.3, eye height/malar space 1.2, mouth width/malar space 1.6, widths head/mesosoma 1.0. Antenna. F1\u2013F4 with basal whorls of setae, reaching to but not beyond apex of corresponding flagellomere, scape length/eye height 1.1, scape length/width 3.0, ventral plaque placed in central part of scape, lengths ventral plaque/scape 0.8, pedicel+flagellum length/mesosoma width 1.4, length/width F1, F2, F3, F4 1.5, 1.7, 1.8,1.6, clava length/width 4.5, lengths pedicel/F1 0.9, lengths F1/F2 0.9, F1/F3 0.9, F1/F4 1.0, lengths F1, F2, F3, F4/clava 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, 0.4.MALE. Body length 1.9 mm. Colour. Body with metallic blue tinges, entire antenna dark brown, tegulae dark brown, wing venation pale brown, coxae concolorous with body, trochanters and femora dark brown, tibiae yellowish-brown, tarsi yellowish-brown with T4 brown.7; cerci placed laterally; colour dull compared to other species in this group; spine of antennal claval long, 0.5\u00d7 C3; mouth opening 1.3\u20131.4\u00d7 malar space.Ovipositor retracted and does not reach apex of Gt(Former) Czechoslovakia, France, (former) Yugoslavia  and SwedLiliocerislilii (Scopoli)  (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).Scopoli)  and L.t (Villa)  . Additional material (27\u2640 5\u2642): France 2\u2640 (GD); Sweden 25\u2640 5\u2642 ex Liliocerislilii .Type material: lectotype \u2640 of BDF964AE-D7B3-5CF1-BF3E-D2D7B9B554E8TetrastichussinopeCirrospilussinopeWalker 1839aGraham 196189TetrastichusWalker 1848AprostocetusGraham 1961TetrastichusDomenichini 1966CirrospilushippisCirrospilusagathoclesCirrospilusrapoType status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A11|BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A05|BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A05; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A05; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A05; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A05+1510087062.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussinope; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Vombs vattenverk; decimalLatitude: 55.6619; decimalLongitude: 13.5472; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonType status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A11|BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A05|BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D06; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D06; recordedBy: C. Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D06; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: Adult; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D06+1398631828.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussinope; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Vomb; decimalLatitude: 55.667; decimalLongitude: 13.55; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer Hansson; identificationRemarks: CH03417Type status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/API_Public/specimen?ids=BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A11|BC-ZSM-HYM-26563-A05|BC-ZSM-HYM-20721-D06; catalogNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A11; recordNumber: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A11; recordedBy: C.Hansson; individualID: BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A11; individualCount: 1; sex: F; lifeStage: a; associatedMedia: http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/BCHYM/BC-ZSM-HYM-21587-A11+1423081076.jpg; Taxon: scientificName: Tetrastichussinope; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hymenoptera; family: Eulophidae; genus: Tetrastichus; Location: country: Sweden; locality: Ismantorp; decimalLatitude: 56.893; decimalLongitude: 16.768; Identification: identifiedBy: Christer HanssonSee 7 transverse.Scape, femora, mid and hind tibiae, and wing veins dark brown to black; female gaster 1.4\u20131.6\u00d7 as long as wide and with Gtnew record).Ireland, The Netherlands, United Kingdom , Sweden Unknown.C.sinope (type no. 5.1935), C.hippis (type no. 5.1934), C.agathocles (type no. 5.1936), C.rapo (type no. 5.1937), all in NHM. Additional material: France, 3\u2640 (G). Sweden, Sk\u00e5ne & \u00d6land, 3\u2640 (MZLU).Type material: lectotypes \u2640 of T.sinope. Since we do not have any molecular information from the types of, and under, this species, it is not possible to identify these \u201cbarcode species\u201d better than to T.sinope, even though they probably represent different species. Therefore, we conclude that T.sinope is an aggregate of morphologically-inseparable species.In the barcoded nontype material analysed, there are three groups , each represented by a single female specimen. The barcode strongly indicates that these are three different species, but they are not possible to separate by their morphology. Morphologically, all three specimens agree well with the type of Graham 199134904DE5-4578-53ED-A83A-543102EA841ETetrastichussodalisSee Mouth 1.4\u00d7 malar space; antenna with scape 0.9\u00d7 as long as an eye, F3 2.0\u20132.4\u00d7 as long as broad, clava short, 0.8\u00d7 as long as F2+F3 in holotype.(Former) Czechoslovakia and France .Unknown.T.sodalis .Holotype \u2640 of F0AEFD76-7152-586F-85C6-99A76DFB56B8TetrastichustachosCirrospilustachosWalker 1839bGraham 196191TetrastichusWalker 1848AprostocetusGraham 1961TetrastichusDomenichini 1966See 7 ; male antenna with scape and pedicel dark brown almost black, flagellum pale brown.Scape in both sexes with numerous (about ten) setae along frontal edge; female with a long antennal flagellum, pedicel+flagellum 1.6\u00d7 as long as width of mesoscutum; ovipositor sheaths do not reach apex of Gt(Former) Czechoslovakia, United Kingdom  and SwedUnknown.C.tachos (NHM type no. 5.1942). Additional material: Sweden 1\u2642 (MZLU).Type material: lectotype \u2642 of 8F68E9B9-0147-5B5E-B0E7-A6CA13F90163TetrastichustelonAprostocetustelonGraham 196192TetrastichusDomenichini 1966See 7 1.6\u20132.5\u00d7 as long as wide. The only other species with this long gaster is T.legionarius, that differs from T.telon in having the body bright metallic bluish-green to green, antennal scape longer than eye and a longer flagellum, about 2.8\u00d7 the length of scape (about 2.6\u00d7 in T.telon) and F1 about 4\u00d7 as long as wide (about 2.8\u00d7 in T.telon).Female gaster very long, 2.9\u20135.0\u00d7 as long as wide with Gt(Former) Czechoslovakia, France, United Kingdom , GermanyAgrilusviridis L. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) (estidae) .telonof A.  (OUMNH). Additional material (10\u2640): France 1\u2640 (NHM), Sweden 2\u2640 , United Kingdom 7\u2640 (NHM).Type material: holotype \u2640 95B2AA4C-F742-5367-91EC-6B881BE5C016AprostocetustemporalisTetrastichus by See 7 0.9\u20131.0\u00d7 as long as wide; female antenna with F1 2.6\u20132.9\u00d7, F2 2.1\u20132.8\u00d7, F3 1.9\u20132.4\u00d7 as long as wide; male scape with ventral plaque 0.6\u20130.7\u00d7 length of scape, whorled setae of funiculars reaching the tips of funicular attached to or beyond tips; eye height 1.3\u00d7 malar space in both sexes; both sexes with relatively bright metallic green  or blue (more seldom) colour.Female gaster long, 1.9\u20132.3\u00d7 as long as wide, with Gtnew record).Sweden, United Kingdom  and FranPhalarisarundinacea (Poaceae).Unknown, but according to Type material: holotype \u2640 (OUMNH). Additional material (105\u2640 24\u2642): France 6\u2640 (NHM), Sweden 68\u2640 21\u2642 , United Kingdom 31\u2640 3\u2642 (NHM).Graham 199133D28AA5-E78E-52C1-A6AC-856F5779B931Tetrastichustheoi94See Head 2.1\u00d7 as long as wide in dorsal view; mesoscutellum with submedian grooves 1.8\u20132.0\u00d7 their distance from sublateral grooves; median part of propodeum, between plicae, smooth or with very weak reticulation.France .Unknown.Inulaviscosa (NHM).One \u2640 paratype from FRANCE, Agay, on Erd\u00f6s, 1954133963C8-E461-5814-A01F-2AD9486066E8TetrastichusulmiTetrastichusulmiErd\u00f6s 1954AprostocetusGraham 1961TetrastichusDomenichini 1966See T.agrilocidus, but with female antenna shorter and stouter .Bulgaria, (former) Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Italy, United Kingdom, (former) Yugoslavia , France,Scolytusrugulosus (M\u00fcller) and Leperisinusorni Fuchs (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Agrilus sp., and possibly Anthaxia sp. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) (estidae) .T.ulmi by Erd\u00f6s), Sweden 16\u2640 .Non-type material (21\u2640): France 2\u2640 (GD), Germany 2\u2640 (ZSM), Hungary 1\u2640  carinae laterally on the propodeum. The morphologically-close genera Quadrastichus and Oomyzus have also one seta on the submarginal vein, but they lack the Y-shaped carina on the propodeum . Females of Oomyzus differ from Quadrastichus by their antennae, with flagellomeres being short in Oomyzus and comparatively long in Quadrastichus. In Tetrastichus, there are species with females having short or long flagellomeres.The present analysis includes only species of the subfamily Whereas 46 of the 50 (92%) species described as new are associated (and can be identified) with a DNA barcode, from one third (14) of the 43 described species, no sequences could be obtained and their identification had to rely on morphological characters."}
{"text": "The ORCID iDs are missing for the second, third, and fourth authors. Please see the authors\u2019 respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4391-6011).Author Isabel Pardo-Garcia\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0003-4391-6011 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2100-9325).Author Elisa Amo-Saus\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-2100-9325 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2747-6725).Author Francisco Escribano-Sotos\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-2747-6725 ("}
{"text": "The ORCID iDs are missing for the first and fifth author. Please see the authors\u2019 respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-6061).Author Fabiano L Ribeiro\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-2719-6061 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0255-0829).Author Andrea Baronchelli\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-0255-0829. ("}
{"text": "The correct name is: Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco. The correct citation is: Zafra-Tanaka JH, Tenorio-Mucha J, Villarreal-Zegarra D, Carrillo-Larco RM, Bernabe-Ortiz A (2020) Cancer-related mortality in Peru: Trends from 2003 to 2016. PLoS ONE 15(2): e0228867. The publisher apologizes for the error."}
{"text": "The internet is a large source of health information and has the capacity to influence its users. However, the information found on the internet often lacks scientific rigor, as anyone may upload content. This factor is a cause of great concern to scientific societies, governments, and users.The objective of our study was to investigate the information about the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the internet.On February 29, 2020, we performed a Google search with the terms \u201cPrevention coronavirus,\u201d \u201cPrevention COVID-19,\u201d \u201cPrevenci\u00f3n coronavirus,\u201d and \u201cPrevenci\u00f3n COVID-19\u201d. A univariate analysis was performed to study the association between the type of authorship, country of publication, and recommendations to avoid COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization (WHO).In total, 80 weblinks were reviewed. Most of them were produced in the United States and Spain  by digital media sources and official public health organizations . The most mentioned WHO preventive measure was \u201cwash your hands frequently\u201d . A less frequent recommendation was to \u201cstay home if you feel unwell\u201d . The analysis by type of author  revealed significant differences regarding the recommendation to wear a mask when you are healthy only if caring for a person with suspected COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] 4.39). According to the country of publication (Spain versus the United States), significant differences were detected regarding some recommendations such as \u201cwash your hands frequently\u201d (OR 9.82), \u201ccover your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze\u201d (OR 4.59), or \u201cstay home if you feel unwell\u201d (OR 0.31).It is necessary to urge and promote the use of the websites of official public health organizations when seeking information on COVID-19 preventive measures on the internet. In this way, users will be able to obtain high-quality information more frequently, and such websites may improve their accessibility and positioning, given that search engines justify the positioning of links obtained in a search based on the frequency of access to them. Internet access has increased worldwide during the past decade, reaching 79.6% of the European population and 48% of the world population in 2017 .As with previous epidemics such as Ebola or Zika infections, the internet has become a favored mechanism for the spread of misinformation ,5. This At present, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has occurred and has spread throughout China and to dozens of countries . As in oIn this context, we aimed to conduct an infodemiological study ,9 to invOn February 29, 2020, we performed a Google search and selected the first 20 links  of the GP<.05), this was quantified with the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% CI obtained from univariate logistic regression analysis. The agreement between the two reviewers regarding the adherence to the WHO basic protective measures was analyzed using the Kappa index. All analyses were performed using SPSS v20.0 (IBM Corp) and EpiInfo (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).We performed a descriptive analysis of all the variables and evaluated the association of the independent variables (type of authorship and country of publication) with the degree of adherence to the WHO basic protective measures by means of a chi-square test or Fisher exact test. When a significant association was found . In particular, 3 Spanish links indicated \u201cmaintain a distance of approximately one meter between people.\u201d One Spanish link mentioned that \u201cfor people without respiratory symptoms a surgical mask is not required, although masks can be worn in some countries according to local cultural customs.\u201d One link in Spain and another in the United States specified that \u201csomeone should only wear a mask if a healthcare professional recommends it.\u201d One link in the United States mentioned, \u201cIf you're going to around a lot of sick people, like if you're visiting a friend in the hospital, a mask might be a good idea,\u201d and one link in the United States recommended, \u201cStay three feet away from people when you talk to them.\u201dSearch term: Prevention coronavirushttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment-sp.htmlhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment.htmlhttps://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/current-risk-assessment-novel-coronavirus-situationhttps://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-publichttps://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/infection-prevention-and-controlhttps://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2020/02/27/810016611/coronavirus-101-what-you-need-to-know-to-prepare-and-preventhttps://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/26/health/coronavirus-cdc-usa.htmlhttps://cuidateplus.marca.com/enfermedades/infecciosas/Coronavirus.htmlhttps://www.osha.gov/SLTC/covid-19/https://www.conehealth.com/services/primary-care/coronavirus-get-the-facts-on-symptoms-and-prevention-with-cynthi/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/28/health/how-to-wash-hands-coronavirus-trnd/index.htmlhttps://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/main-focus-preventing-coronavirus-spread-should-be-hand-hygiene-not-n1144346https://www.businessinsider.com/wuhan-coronavirus-face-masks-not-entirely-effective-2020-1?IR=Thttps://abc7news.com/5971803/https://www.mobihealthnews.com/news/coronavirus-prevention-may-be-your-pockethttps://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.washingtonpost.com%2fhealth%2f2020%2f02%2f26%2f how-to-prepare-for-coronavirus%2fhttps://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/26/cdc-confirms-first-possible-community-spread-coronavirus-case-in-us.htmlhttps://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/28/taiwan-who-coronavirus-china-international-organizations/https://parade.com/987803/lisamulcahy/coronavirus/https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/prevention-risks.htmlSearch term: Prevention COVID-19http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/news/news/2020/2/joint-who-and-ecdc-mission-in-italy-to-support-covid-19- control-and-prevention-effortshttps://openwho.org/courses/COVID-19-IPC-ENhttps://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/novel-coronavirus-chinahttps://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/infographic-covid-19http://bvsalud.isciii.es/covid-19/https://abc7news.com/5971803/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/02/27/editorials/covid-19-preventing-medical-system-breakdown/#.XlrmyahKg2whttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2762130https://www.iata.org/contentassets/7e8b4f8a2ff24bd5a6edcf380c641201/airport-preventing-spread-of-coronavirus-disease-2019.pdfhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment-sp.htmlhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index-sp.htmlhttps://www.osha.gov/SLTC/covid-19/controlprevention.htmlhttps://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/27/coronavirus-latest-updates-outbreak.htmlhttps://www.mica.edu/campus-operating-status-updates/coronavirus/best-practices-and-preventive-measures/https://www.kuow.org/stories/new-coronavirus-cases-found-in-king-and-snohomish-countieshttps://www.euronews.com/2020/02/26/coronavirus-prevention-how-effective-are-masks-closed-borders-screenings-and-quarantineshttps://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/diseases-and-conditions/covid-19-novel-coronavirus/covid-19-novel-coronavirus-health-advice-general-publichttps://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/prevention-risks.htmlhttps://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m810https://vietnamnews.vn/society/652839/pm-pushes-for-covid-19-preventive-measures.htmlSearch term: Prevenci\u00f3n COVID-19https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index-sp.htmlhttps://www.saludcastillayleon.es/profesionales/es/enfermedades-infecciosas/nuevo-coronavirus-covid-19/plan-especifico-prevencion-riesgos-laborales- nuevo-coronavihttps://www.alimente.elconfidencial.com/bienestar/2020-02-29/coronavirus-covid19-que-es-sintomas-contagio_2431343/https://www.saludcastillayleon.es/profesionales/es/enfermedades-infecciosas/nuevo-coronavirus-covid-19https://www.who.int/es/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/q-a-coronaviruseshttps://www.ibsalut.es/es/info-ciudadania/cuidar-la-salud/3710-preguntas-y-respuestas-sobre-el-nuevo-coronavirus-2019-n-covhttps://www.campusvirtualsp.org/es/curso/virus-respiratorios-emergentes-incluido-el-2019-ncov-metodos-de-deteccion-prevencion-respuestahttps://www.alimente.elconfidencial.com/bienestar/2020-02-29/coronavirus-covid19-que-es-sintomas-contagio_2431343/https://www.semfyc.es/como-prevenir-infecciones-por-virus-respiratorios-como-el-coronavirus-que-causa-la-enfermedad-covid-19/http://bvsalud.isciii.es/covid-19/https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov-China/documentos/20200224.Preguntas_respuestas_COVID-19.pdfhttps://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov-China/documentos/Documento_Control_Infeccion.pdfhttps://www.lasexta.com/noticias/internacional/coronavirus-covid19-que-puedes-hacer-protegerte-como-actuar_202002245e53fcca0cf2547d2a31e546.htmlhttps://www.unicef.org/es/historias/coronavirus-lo-que-los-padres-deben-saberhttps://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20200229/473828128008/coronavirus-espana-madrid-barcelona-wuhan-china-italia-covid-19-contagios- sintomas-fallecidos-ultima-hora-hoy-en-directo.htmlhttps://www.univision.com/local/philadelphia-wuvp/prevencion-del-coronavirus-que-funciona-para-evitar-la-propagacion-de-covid-19http://bvsalud.isciii.es/covid-19/https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/007768.htmhttps://sano-y-salvo.blogspot.com/2020/02/infografias-para-prevenir-la-infeccion.htmlhttps://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-51683330Search term: Prevenci\u00f3n coronavirushttps://cuidateplus.marca.com/enfermedades/infecciosas/Coronavirus.htmlhttps://www.quironprevencion.com/es/campanas-prevencion-riesgos-laborales/coronavirus-covid-2019https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/coronavirusinfections.htmlhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention-treatment-sp.htmlhttps://www.saludcastillayleon.es/profesionales/es/enfermedades-infecciosas/nuevo-coronavirus-covid-19/plan-especifico-prevencion-riesgos-laborales- nuevo-coronavihttps://elpais.com/elpais/2020/02/25/ciencia/1582645440_172885.htmlhttps://www.elperiodico.com/es/sanidad/20200225/coronavirus-que-es-sintomas-contagio-prevencion-7814261https://vacunasaep.org/profesionales/noticias/coronavirus-desarrollo-de-vacunashttps://www.hola.com/estar-bien/20200123158838/coronavirus-sintomas-prevenir-contagio/https://www.alimente.elconfidencial.com/bienestar/2020-02-29/coronavirus-covid19-que-es-sintomas-contagio_2431343/https://www.diariocordoba.com/noticias/sociedad/que-es-coronavirus-sintomas-contagio-prevencion-virus_1351515.htmlhttps://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/ipc-mers-cov/es/https://www.intramed.net/contenidover.asp?contenidoid=95410https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-51683330https://www.semes.org/semes-divulgacion/medidas-de-prevencion-ante-la-neumonia-por-coronavirus/https://www.lavanguardia.com/seguros/empresa/20200217/473630100957/mwc-alerta-sanitaria-contagio-corona-virus-riesgos-laborales-seguros.htmlhttps://chile.gob.cl/chile/medidas-de-prevencion-ante-el-nuevo-coronavirushttps://www2.cruzroja.es/-/-como-puedes-reducir-el-riesgo-de-infeccion-del-coronavirus-https://temas.sld.cu/coronavirus/coronavirus/medidas-preventivas/https://www.lavanguardia.com/ciencia/20200225/473756254816/coronavirus-covid-19-mascarilla-prevencion.htmlUnivariate analysis by type of author  revealed statistically significant differences regarding the recommendation to wear a mask if you are healthy only if caring for a person with suspected COVID-19 OR 4.39; . The anaThis study is the first to evaluate the adherence of the information available on the internet to the WHO basic protective measures against COVID-19. It shows a level of adherence that can be improved and a difficulty in obtaining such information, since it was only available in 32.5%-81.3% of the links.The difficulty of finding WHO-promoted measures to prevent other infectious diseases on the internet has also been described previously by other authors, such as Covolo et al . The autLess than half of the weblinks provided information on the correct use of masks and, together with the fact that some of the links provided information that was ambiguous or did not adhere to the WHO guidance, may have contributed to the misuse of masks by the population and with the subsequent shortage of these devices that is occurring worldwide ,15.As with other studies that evaluated information on the internet on preventive measures for other infections , our worAccording to the analysis by country, the Spanish links provided more information on measures to prevent COVID-19 that adhered to the WHO than did the links produced in the United States. The measures to prevent COVID-19 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  are the One of the limitations of our study is intrinsic to the nature of internet, namely that information changes continuously; like others ,11,13,19In conclusion, it is necessary to urge and promote the use of the websites of official public health organizations  when seeking information on COVID-19 preventive measures on the internet. In this way, they will be able to obtain high-quality information more frequently, and such websites\u2019 accessibility and positioning may improve, given that search engines justify the positioning of links obtained in a search based on the frequency of access to them."}
{"text": "Endometrial cancer (EC) is the 2nd most common gynecologic cancer worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that contribute to epigenetic regulation. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize our current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in the epigenetic deregulation of tumor-related genes in EC. It includes all miRNAs reported to be involved in EC including their roles in DNA methylation and RNA-associated silencing. This systematic review should be useful for development of novel strategies to improve diagnosis and risk assessment as well as for new treatments aimed at miRNAs, their target genes or DNA methylation.The objective of this systematic review is to summarize our current knowledge on the influence of miRNAs in the epigenetic deregulation of tumor-related genes in endometrial cancer (EC). We conducted a literature search on the role of miRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of EC applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The following terms were used: microRNA, miRNA, miR, endometrial cancer, endometrium, epigenetic, epimutation, hypermethylation, lynch, deacetylase, DICER, novel biomarker, histone, chromatin. The miRNAs were classified and are presented according to their function (tumor suppressor or onco-miRNA), their targets (when known), their expression levels in EC tissue vs the normal surrounding tissue, and the degree of DNA methylation in miRNA loci and CpG sites. Data were collected from 201 articles, including 190 original articles, published between November 1, 2008 and September 30, 2020 identifying 313 different miRNAs implicated in epigenetic regulation of EC. Overall, we identified a total of 148 miRNAs with decreased expression in EC, 140 miRNAs with increased expression in EC, and 22 miRNAs with discordant expression levels. The literature implicated different epigenetic phenomena including altered miRNA expression levels , changes in the methylation of miRNA loci  and increased/decreased methylation of target genes . This work provides an overview of all miRNAs reported to be involved in epigenetic regulation in EC including DNA methylation and RNA-associated silencing. These findings may contribute to novel strategies in diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatments aimed at miRNAs, their target genes or DNA methylation. With 417,367 new cases and 97,370 deaths each year, endometrial cancer (EC) is the 2nd most common gynecologic cancer worldwide after breast cancer [Although the mechanisms underlying endometrial carcinogenesis are not fully understood, current evidence suggests that alterations of the epigenome drive both the expression of oncogenes and downregulation of tumor suppressors thereby promoting tumor initiation and progression in EC. Three epigenetic systems are currently known to modify gene expression: DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA-associated silencing ,3,4,5,6.Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small noncoding RNAs, 21\u201325 nucleotides in length that are involved in epigenetic mechanisms. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II  or III  as long We recently published a systematic review focusing on the use of miRNAs in the management of EC . In contThis systematic review was carried out using the following databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines :http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=pubmed; accessed on 30 September 2020), the Cochrane Library, Cochrane databases \u201cCochrane Reviews\u201d, and \u201cClinical Trials\u201d . MEDLINE, PubMed , and the degree of DNA methylation in miRNA loci and in CpG islands of target genes.Data were collected from 190 original articles and 11 reviews identifying a potential role for 313 different miRNAs in EC.A model of the different roles of miRNA as epigenetic modifiers in EC is shown in A summary of these data is provided in This systematic review identified 105 original articles and two literature reviews reporting the expression pattern of miRNAs ,134,135.Endometrial tumors showed the following miRNA expression levels compared with healthy endometrial tissues:-Increased miRNA expression: miR-7, miR-let-7a, miR-let-7f, miR-let-7g, miR-9, miR-9-3p, miR-10a, miR-17, miR-18a-3p, miR-19b, miR-25-5p, miR-27a, miR-30d, miR-31, miR-34a, miR-95,miR-96, miR-103, miR-106a, miR-106b, miR-106b-93-25, miR-107, miR-129-2, miR-130b, miR-135a, miR-135b, miR-141, miR-142-5p, miR-145, miR-146, miR-146b-5p, miR-150, miR-151, miR-153, miR-155, miR-181a, miR-181c-3p, miR-181c, miR-182, miR-183, miR-183-3p, miR-184, miR-185a, miR-185, miR-186, miR-191, miR-193-3p, miR-194, miR-200 family , miR-203, miR-205, miR-210, miR-215, miR-219-2, miR-221, miR-223, miR-218, miR-301, miR-325, miR-326, miR-330, miR-331, miR-331-3p, miR-337, miR-363, miR-373, miR-423, miR-425, miR-429, miR-432, miR-449, miR-449a, miR-499, miR-518d-5p, miR-520c-5p, miR-522, miR-526a, miR-616, miR-625, miR-874, miR-891a, miR-940, miR-1202, miR-1224, miR-1269, miR-5787 and miR-6749-5p-Decreased miRNA expression: miR-Let-7c, miR-1-2, miR-6, miR-10b, miR-15b, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-21, miR-21-5p, miR-23a*, miR-27b-3p, miR-29c, miR-29c-3p, miR-29b, miR-30a-3p, miR-30a-5p, miR-30c, miR-31, miR-32, miR-33b, miR-34b, miR-99a, miR-99a-3p, miR-99b, miR-100, miR-101, miR-101-2, miR-107-5p, miR124, miR-126, miR-127-3p, miR-130b, miR-133, miR-133b, miR-136, miR-137, miR-139, miR-139-5p, miR-142, miR-143, miR-145, miR-144-3p, miR-146a, miR-148b, miR-149, miR-152, miR-184, miR-185, miR-185-5p, miR-193b, miR-193, miR-193a-5p-YY1-APC, miR-194, miR-195, miR-196a, miR-196a-5p, miR-197, miR-199b, miR-199b-3p, miR-199b-5p, miR-202-3p, miR-203, miR-204, miR-204-5p, miR-205-5p, miR-214, miR-214-3p, miR-216b, miR-221, miR-302a-5p, miR-328-3p, miR-320a, miR-335, miR-337-3p, miR-338-3p, miR-340-5p, miR-361, miR-367-3p, miR-368, miR-369, miR-370, miR-376a, miR-376c, miR-377, miR-377-5p, miR-381, miR-409, miR-410, miR-411, miR-424, miR-424*, miR-424-3p, miR-431, miR-432, miR-449a, miR-451, miR-455-5p, miR-483-5p, 487b, miR-495, miR-496, miR-503, miR-516, miR-516b, miR-542-3p, miR-542-5p, miR-543, miR-589-5p, miR-596, miR-610, miR-630, miR-632, miR-638, miR-646, miR-652, miR-758, miR-760, miR-874, miR-1247, miR-1296, miR-3926-1, miR-4429, miR-4461, miR-6076 and miR-6511bA summary of these data is presented in We identified nine articles ,137,138 \u00ae, Research, Irvine, CA, USA), the EpiTect Bisulfite Kit  (a methylation sodium bisulfite kit), anti-5-methylcytosine monoclonal antibodies, methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, 5-aza-2\u2032-deoxycytidine  and/or Trichostatin A .The following techniques were used to determine the relative methylation levels of miRNA loci: combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA) using the DNA methylation kit .-miRNA-191 downregulated TET1 expression, an enzyme that is involved in the removal of methylated DNA in the loci of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and other tumor suppressor genes.This is the first systematic literature review on miRNAs in EC that focus on their roles in the control of chromatin structure and gene expression. We identified 148 miRNAs with decreased expression in EC, 140 miRNAs with increased expression in EC, and 22 miRNAs with discordant expression levels. In addition, endometrial tumors displayed six hypo-methylated and nine hyper-methylated miRNA loci in comparison to normal endometrial tissue. Finally, two miRNAs were reported to be involved in specific epigenetic phenomena: miR-30d was found to directly methylate the CpG promoter of the H19 gene while miR-191 was able to downregulate the expression of TET1, an enzyme that usually removes methylated bases in the promoter region of tumor suppressors like APC, thereby decreasing their expression .In our previous review , we inclWe previously described a role for miR-182 in the inhibition of cullin-5 which is accompanied by increased proliferation . These fWe also reported that overexpression of miR-183 is associated with a poorer prognosis for EC patients both in terms of overall survival and progression-free survival. These findings were confirmed by a recent study based on the cancer genome atlas for miRNA expression .The miR-200 family is implicated in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, at least in part through downregulation of the PTEN tumor suppressor ,142,143.In our previous study, we highlighted a potential prognostic role for miR-205. Since then, Zhao et al. have reported that miR-205 is closely related to overall survival using the Cancer Genome Atlas database that includes 164 miRNAs implicated in EC . DonkersVarious studies have focused on the involvement of miRNAs in EC ,146 but Huang et al. reported that miR-129-2 functions as a tumor suppressor through negative regulation of SOX4, an oncogene frequently overexpressed in EC . ImportaA study by Tsuruta et al. highlighted a role for miR-152. Specifically, the expression of miR-152, that plays a role as a tumor suppressor can be reduced by aberrant DNA methylation. Treatment with 5-azacytidine, a demethylation agent, is able to restore the expression of miR-152. Aberrant methylation of the promoter of miR-152 has also been reported for other cancers including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, gastrointestinal cancer and cholangiocarcinoma ,154,155.p < 0.01), and was associated with loss of miR-137 expression. Hyper-methylation of the loci coding for miR-137 has also been reported for other cancers such as squamous cell carcinoma of the neck and head [We previously demonstrated that miR-137 is hyper-methylated in human endometrial tumors and confirmed that it acts as a tumor suppressor through epigenetic silencing . Hyper-mand head ,157 and and head . The preand head ,160.miR-130a/b, miR-200b and miR-625 contain several CpG sites in their loci. The miR-130b and miR-200 family are involved in the regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway and tumor metastasis. Li et al. assessed the methylation status of these CpG islands in both endometrioid EC and normal endometrial tissue and reported that they were hypo-methylated in EC. The expression of miR-130b increased in EC cells after treatment with demethylation agents .Moreno-Moya et al. showed another epigenetic phenomenon used by miRNAs: miR-30d is overexpressed in EC where it is able to methylate the H19 locus, which is associated with reproductive and endocrine system disorders as well as epithelial cell proliferation. When the methylation is reversed, H19 is upregulated in endometrial epithelial cells . Yang etOver the last 5 years, up to 754 miRNAs  have beeThe current European pathologic classification of EC is probably not sufficiently accurate to predict recurrence risk, often leading to over- or under-treatment . Sensitide novo carcinogenesis of type II EC and the use of molecular classifiers of EC.This systematic review has some specific limitations. First, our literature search yielded only a few studies covering the degree of DNA methylation. This might be explained by the fact that the involvement of miRNA involvement in DNA methylation is a relatively new field of research that is yet to be explored. The second limitation is the general lack of research articles focusing on In this review, we provide an overview of all miRNAs reported to be involved in epigenetic regulation of EC. Further clarification with respect to which miRNA families are promoting oncogenesis, which miRNAs play a role as tumor suppressors and which miRNAs are directly involved in modification of DNA methylation constitute an exciting new area of research. Improved diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment strategies based on miRNA represents a promising area but will require future research."}
{"text": "In the article Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis: an update, with DOI number: 10.5935/0103-507X.20190079, published in the journal Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, 31(4):541-7, on page 541:Where it read:Nseir SaadRead:Saad Nseirhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-0357"}
{"text": "P(DTC-co-BTP2) shows a high \u0394T (68.4%) at 855 nm. The multichromic properties of P(DTC-co-TF2) membrane range between dark yellow, yellowish-green, gunmetal gray, and dark gray in various reduced and oxidized states. Polymer-based organic electrochromic devices are assembled using 2,2\u2032-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based copolymers as anodic membranes, and poly-poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT-PSS) as the cathodic membrane. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS electrochromic device (ECD) displays a high transmittance change (\u0394T%) (43.4%) at 627 nm as well as a rapid switching time (less than 0.6 s) from a colored to a bleached state. Moreover, P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECD shows satisfactory optical memory (the transmittance change is less than 2.9% in the colored state) and high coloration efficiency (512.6 cm2 C\u22121) at 627 nm.Five carbazole-containing polymeric membranes (PDTC, P(DTC- Electrochromism refers to when electroactive species undergo a reversible change in optical absorption properties during the electrochemical oxidation/reduction process, and the species are electrochromic materials ,2,3. In Tmax up to 35% at 1052 nm [T of PS-Carb/PEDOT ECD was 38% at 640 nm and the response time was 1.1 s [The most commonly used conjugated polymeric materials are polycarbazole ,13, poly 1052 nm . Oral etas 1.1 s . Polythias 1.1 s . Howeveras 1.1 s . PEDOT ias 1.1 s . Polyfuras 1.1 s .co-BTP) and P(DTC-co-BTP2)), and two 2-(2-thienyl) furan (TF)-based copolymers (P(DTC-co-TF) and P(DTC-co-TF2)) with different DTC/BTP and DTC/TF feed molar ratios are synthesized electrochemically to explore their promising applications in electrochromic products. A 3,6-di(2-thienyl)carbazole unit reveals that because two thiophenes are linked by a carbazole, the strong hole-transporting carbazole group raises the HOMO energy level of PDTC. Therefore, PDTC shows a lower onset potential of oxidation than that of polythiophene. The conjugated chain length of 2,2\u2032-bithiophene is longer than that of thiophene. The onset oxidation potential of 2,2\u2032-bithiophene is lower than that of thiophene. Accordingly, 2,2\u2032-bithiophene is incorporated to the polymer backbone and electrochromic properties of 2,2\u2032-bithiophene-based polymers are characterizated in this study. Moreover, 2-(2-thienyl)furan combines the properties of furan and thiophene, while the conjugated chain length of 2-(2-thienyl)furan is longer than those of furan and thiophene. It is interesting to explore the difference of electrochromic behaviors for 2,2\u2032-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based polymer membranes. The electrode membranes could be useful for identifying additional transport properties to be associated to the electrochromic behavior. Furthermore, five ECDs consisted of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), or P(DTC-co-TF2) as the anodic membrane, and PEDOT-PSS as the cathodic membrane were built and their spectroelectrochemical behaviors, electrochromic switching kinetics, and redox stability were explored in detail. In the present report, a homopolymer (PDTC), two 2,2\u2032-bithiophene (BTP)-based copolymers furan were purchased from Alfa Aesar and Sigma-Aldrich, respectively. 3,6-di(2-thienyl)carbazole (DTC) was synthesized according to previous procedures . Electro33:53:14 .co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) membranes was implemented in a 0.2 M LiClO4/acetonitrile (ACN) solution, and the feed species and feed ratio of species for anodic polymers were displayed in The electrosynthesis of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), or P(DTC-co-TF2) film as the anodic electrochromic layer and PEDOT-PSS film as the cathodic electrochromic layer. The electrodeposited areas of polymer films were 1 \u00d7 1.5 cm2. The ECDs were assembled by arranging the anodic and cathodic films to face each other, and they were separated using a PMMA/PC/LiClO4 electrolyte.Polymer ECDs were fabricated using PDTC, P of oxidation for DTC, BTP, and TF were 0.88, 1.22, and 1.19 V, respectively. DTC displayed lower Eonset than those of BTP and TF, implying the electron donating carbazole unit of DTC decreased the Eonset significantly. Moreover, Eonset of 2-(2-thienyl)furan is slightly lower than that of 2,2\u2032-bithiophene.co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), P(DTC-co-TF2), PBTP, and PTF in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN solution between 0.0 and 1.5 V. When the number of scanning curves increases, the peak current density increases with increasing number of cycles, indicating that the electrodeposition of polymer membranes is present on ITO glasses [co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), P(DTC-co-TF2), PBTP, and PTF films were located at ca. 1.27, 1.2, 1.25, 1.23, 1.26, 1.37, and 1.31 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), respectively. The reduction peaks of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), P(DTC-co-TF2), PBTP, and PTF were situated at ca. 0.65, 0.48, 0.52, 0.43, 0.50, 0.63, and 0.60 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), respectively.  glasses . The oxico-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) are different to those of PDTC, PBTP, and PTF, proving the occurrence of copolymerization for P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films. The general polymerization schemes of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), and P(DTC-co-TF) are summarized in co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) electrodes are 84, 109, 88, 98, and 92 F/g, respectively.The potentials and wave shapes of redox peaks of P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films at scan rates of 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mV s\u22121 in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN. The anodic and cathodic peaks of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) membranes displayed quasireversible- behaviors and the inset in processes of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films were not diffusionlimited- [-limited .co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN. At 0.0 and 0.2 V, PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) films display definite-transition bands at ca. 400 nm. After increasing the applied voltage gradually, new charge carrier bands appeared at a long wavelength region. The charge carrier bands of PDTC were located at 550 nm and 860 nm. For the corresponding copolymers, the latter charge carrier bands of P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) were situated at 875, 855, 870, and 855 nm, respectively.co-BTP) electrode are light yellow, yellowish-green, gray, and dark gray at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 V, respectively, whereas P(DTC-co-BTP2) is dark yellow, khaki, gray, and dark gray at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8 V, and 1.2 V, respectively. For 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based copolymers, P(DTC-co-TF) is mustard yellow, khaki, grey, and dark grey at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 V, respectively, P(DTC-co-TF2) is dark yellow, yellowish-green, gunmetal gray, and dark gray at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 V, respectively. The colorimetric values, CIE chromaticity values, and charts of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) at 0.0\u20141.0 V are summarized in PDTC displays four types of colors from neutral to oxidation state; the color of PDTC is light yellow at 0.0 V, mustard yellow at 0.4 V, gray at 0.8 V, and dark gray at 1.2 V. The 2,2\u2032-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based copolymers show different electrochromic properties with PDTC homopolymer. The colors of P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) membranes caused by potential stepping between reduced and oxidized states. The residence time is 5 s. The \u0394T of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) were 37.9% at 860 nm, 61.6% at 875 nm, 68.4% at 855 nm, 67.3% at 870 nm, and 56.1% at 855 nm, respectively furan-based copolymers (P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2)) were higher than that of PDTC in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN, inferring that copolymers containing 2,2\u2032-bithiophene or 2-(2-thienyl)furan groups increased \u0394T significantly. Moreover, the \u0394T of P(DTC-co-BTP2) was higher than those reported for P(PtCz-co-BTP2) [\u03c4b) and coloring response time (\u03c4c) needed to reach 90% of the maximum transmittance change were determined to be 0.9\u20133.1 s for these polymers. The coloration efficiency (\u03b7) is a significant factor for effective utilization of polymers in electrochromic devices and it can be obtained using the equation below [Qd represent the change of optical density and the injected charges divided by active electrode area, respectively. As listed in \u03b7 of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) were 125.8 cm2 C\u22121 at 860 nm, 141.5 cm2 C\u22121 at 875 nm, 159.4 cm2 C\u22121 at 855 nm, 161.6 cm2 C\u22121 at 870 nm, and 152.9 cm2 C\u22121 at 855 nm, respectively. P(DTC-co-BTP2) shows higher \u03b7 than that of P(HoT-BSe-OF) [co-BTP2) shows a lower \u03b7 than those of PITID-2 [ectively . The \u0394T co-BTP2) , PITID-2co-BTP2) , P(HoT-Bco-BTP2) , and PI-co-BTP2)  Table 4co-BTP, Pon below : (1)\u03b7=\u00a0\u0394 PITID-2 , PDTCZ-2 PITID-2 , and PI- PITID-2  (Table 4co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs at assorted potentials. The five ECDs showed distinct UV-Visible bands at ca. 400 nm at around \u22120.5 V, which could be ascribed to the UV-Visible bands of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) at low potential zone. The UV-Visible bands of PDTC, P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) bleached with increasing potentials, and new visible peaks appeared bit by bit at 627\u2013630 nm. This could be assigned to the reduction of PEDOT-PSS bit by bit. The colors of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS ECD are gray, dark gray, and navy blue at \u22120.5, 0.8, and 2.0 V, respectively. P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS ECD is bright gray, dark gray, and deep blue at \u22120.5, 0.6, and 2.0 V, respectively. P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS ECD is bright gray, gunmetal grey, and berlin blue at \u22120.5, 0.8, and 2.0 V, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD is bright gray, iron grey, and sapphire at \u22120.5, 0.8, and 2.0 V, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECD is bright gray, gunmetal grey, and berlin blue at \u22120.5, 0.8, and 2.0 V, respectively. The photos, L*, a*, b*, x, y, and CIE diagrams of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs at different potentials are summarized in co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs between colorless and colorful states with a residence time of 5 s. The \u0394OD, \u0394T, \u03c4b, and \u03c4c of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs are displayed in Tmax of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs are 34.3% at 630 nm, 38.7% at 630 nm, 41.6% at 630 nm, 43.4% at 627 nm, and 41.1% at 627 nm, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD showed the highest \u0394Tmax, and P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs showed higher \u0394Tmax than that of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS ECD. This implies that the employment of copolymers (P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2)) as the anodic layers results in a higher \u0394Tmax at ca. 627 nm than that of homopolymers (PDTCs). T\u2019s comparisons of P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD with reported ECDs, showing that P(DTC-co-2BTP)/PEDOT-PSS ECD displays a higher \u0394T than those reported for PETI/PEDOT [co-CPDTK)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs [TI/PEDOT , P(BCO)/TI/PEDOT , and P/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs in \u03c4b and \u03c4c of five ECDs were shorter than their corresponding anodes in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN, revealing the ECDs switched color quicker than the anodes in 0.2 M LiClO4/ACN from the colored to the bleached state [The ed state .\u03b7 of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs are 420.7 cm2 C\u22121 at 630 nm, 537.4 cm2 C\u22121 at 630 nm, 398.3 cm2 C\u22121 at 630 nm, 496.0 cm2 C\u22121 at 627 nm, and 512.6 cm2 C\u22121 at 627 nm, respectively. Among these ECDs, P(DTC-co-BTP) with a feed molar ratio of DTC/BTP = 1/1 displays the highest \u03b7. \u03b7\u2019s comparisons of P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD with reported ECDs, while P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD shows a greater \u03b7 than that reported for PETI/PEDOT ECD [co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD displays a lower \u03b7 than that reported for P(DiCP-co-CPDTK)/PEDOT-PSS ECD [The EDOT ECD . However-PSS ECD .The optical memory influences of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs were monitored in the colored and bleached states by exerting the voltage for 1 sec for each 100 sec interval. co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs was carried out using CV at the first, 500th and 1000th cycles [co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS, and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS and P(DTC-co-TF2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs showed better cycling stability than those of P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS and P(DTC-co-BTP2)/PEDOT-PSS ECDs, displaying ECDs employed 2-(2-thienyl)furan-containing P(DTC-co-TF) (or P(DTC-co-TF2)) as anodic layer led to a better cycling stability than that of 2,2\u2032-bithiophene-containing P(DTC-co-BTP) (or P(DTC-co-BTP2)).The long-term cycling stability measurement of PDTC/PEDOT-PSS, P(DTC-h cycles . From thco-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2)) were prepared electrochemically. The 2,2\u2032-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based copolymers prepared with various monomer feed ratios displayed various colorimetry, spectroelectrochemical, and electrochromic switching performances. The colors of P(DTC-co-BTP) electrode are light yellow, yellowish-green, gray, and dark gray at 0.0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 V, respectively. The \u0394T of P(DTC-co-BTP), P(DTC-co-BTP2), P(DTC-co-TF), and P(DTC-co-TF2) in solutions were 61.6% at 875 nm, 68.4% at 855 nm, 67.3% at 870 nm, and 56.1% at 855 nm, respectively. Dual type polymer ECDs which consisted of 2,2\u2032-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based anodically coloring membranes and a PEDOT-PSS cathodically coloring membrane were made. The transmittance changes of ECDs\u2019 optical memory test in the colored and bleached states were less than 4.3% and 0.4%, respectively. P(DTC-co-TF)/PEDOT-PSS ECD displays the highest \u0394T (43.4% at 627 nm), whereas P(DTC-co-BTP)/PEDOT-PSS ECD shows the highest \u03b7 (537.4 cm2 C\u22121 at 630 nm). In view of the aforementioned performances, 2,2\u2032-bithiophene- and 2-(2-thienyl)furan-based electrochromic membranes are suitable to apply in electrochromic goggles, e-skins, textiles, and wearable display devices.A series of ECDs\u2019 anodic materials (PDTC, P(DTC-"}
{"text": "Correction to: BMC Complement Med Ther 20, 7 (2020)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2785-0Following publication of the original article , the autSha-Sha Wang, Shao-Yan Zhou, Xiao-Yan Xie, Ling Zhao, Yao Fu, Guang-Zhi Cai and Ji-Yu Gong*"}
{"text": "Correction to: Translational Neurodegeneration (2018) 7:30https://doi.org/10.1186/s40035-018-0135-7The original version of this article  refers tThe GM604 (Alirinetide) synthetic linear peptide sequence (H-Phe-Ser-Arg-Tyr-Ala-Arg-OH) evaluated in our study  was dete"}
{"text": "Sphagnum plantations. Fungi are the key part of the decomposer community of peatlands, playing a critical role in the aerobic decomposition in the upper peat layer. The community of peatland fungi is adapted to decomposition of peat and dead parts of Sphagnum in wet acidic conditions; they form specific mycorrhizal associations with a variety of plants. Thus, the research of fungal diversity of peatlands is important for several reasons: 1) adding knowledge of peatland fungal diversity to local or global biodiversity databases; 2) studying carbon cycling in peatlands; 3) using peat and peatlands for different applications, such as cultivation of Sphagnum with regards to some parasitic species of fungi and 4) peatland restoration and conservation, to mention a few.Peatland ecosystems are defined by soils with sufficient under-decomposed organic layer, called peat, formed under anoxic conditions. Peatlands are widespread around the world, with several highly paludified regions, one of which is the Western Siberian Plain. Peatlands store large amounts of carbon and are important in their intact state to counteract climate change, as well as for a variety of other ecosystem functions. From the practical aspect, these ecosystems are used as a source of peat for fuel, peat-based fertilisers and growing media, berries and Fungarium of Yugra State University collection. Selected specimens were used for barcoding of the ITS region to reveal a total of 95 species from 33 genera and three classes. The barcoding effort confirmed morphological identifications for most specimens and identified a number of cryptic species and several potentially new taxa. Based on regular all-season observations, we describe the phenology of the community sporophore production. The quantitative community structure, based on sporophores, revealed a difference in abundance between species by four orders of magnitude, with rare species representing nearly half of the species list. The inter-annual fruiting abundance varied several times by the total number of sporophores per year. To make the comparisons with global studies, we created an open access database of literature-based observations of fungi in peatlands, based on about 120 published papers (comprising about 1300 species) and compared our species list with this database.The community of macromycetes of the raised bog \u201cMukhrino\u201d in Western Siberia was studied using plot-based monitoring throughout a 9-year observation period. The revealed species diversity is represented by approximately 500 specimens in the GBIF.As a result, the study created an accurate representation of taxonomic and quantitative structure of the community of macromycetes in raised bogs in the region. The raw data of plot-based counts was published as a sampling-event dataset and the sequenced specimens with the sequence information as an DNA-derived extension dataset in  The composition and structure of microfungal communities depend on micro-element composition, decomposition state and aerobic conditions of the peat horizons . In contrast to the existing research, we used permanent plots with regular visits throughout the growing (snow-free) season from May till October and have been monitoring the plots for nine years, which is, to our knowledge, the longest observation series on the community of macromycetes in peatlands. Long-term plot-based monitoring is necessary to reveal the fullest possible diversity of macromycetes, as shown by many authors . There hThis publication aims:to summarise the results of nine years of plot-based monitoring of the community fruiting dynamics;to describe the quantitative structure of the community, to reveal dominant and rare species and gain insight into its potential protection status;to revise the species diversity of macromycetes by barcoding the voucher collection.Mukhrino field station and the Mukhrino Bog \u2013 is located in the middle taiga zone of Western Siberia, near the regional capital city of Khanty-Mansiysk  , on the left terrace of the Irtysh River close to its confluence with the Ob'. The vegetation of the raised bog is represented by the typical ombrotrophic or oligo-mesotrophic communities from the geobotanical classes Scheuchzerio-Cariceteanigrae, Oxycocco-Sphagnetea and Vaccinio-Piceetea. Two major vegetation types dominate: treed Scots pine \u2013 dwarf shrubs \u2013 Sphagnum bogs dominated by Pinussylvestris, Chamaedaphnecalyculata, Rhododendrongroenlandicum, Rubuschamaemorus and Sphagnumfuscum) and open graminoid-Sphagnum lawns .The study site \u2013 the 8E) Fig. . The Mukhttp://bioportal.ugrasu.ru/; https://fungariumysu.org) or through the collection's dataset in GBIF  (10%), dyes and other chemicals  were applied when necessary. A Zeiss Axiostar microscope with Achromat 5/0.12, 10/0.25, 40/0.65 (dry) and 100/1.25 (oil immersion) objectives were used for microscopical examination. Most of the specimens were identified using Funga Nordica keys ; a numbehttps://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi) and massBLASTer SH matching (BLAST+ 2.13.0) at PlutoF (https://plutof.ut.ee/en).We relied primarily on the ITS region using the ITS1-F and ITS4 primers ; for 10 Cortinarius, The following approach was used to search for the correct taxon name using sequence alignment. The NCBI BLAST search was performed to find the nearest sequences from a type specimen or an authentic specimen with a percentage identity conventionally accepted : habitat, geography, date and plot size fields. The Occurrence table includes seven fields and 8284 records of observations with fruit-body counts within each plot on a particular day. The absence of occurrence records corresponding to the record in the Event table denotes an absence of fungi within a plot on a particular day . The database is attached as Suppl. material be accessed through GBIF dataset  were interpolated by calculating the mean value between adjacent counts.Cortinariusarmeniacus/kauffmanianus or adding s.l. in some cases).Since many morphological species were re-identified into several taxa, based on molecular analysis, we used composite names for these species (e.g. The sequenced specimens dataset includes two connected tables: the occurrence table and the DNA-derived data extension table (https://rs.gbif.org/extension/gbif/1.0/dna_derived_data_2021-07-05.xml#DNA_sequence). The Occurrence table contains the descriptions (in 22 fields) of 149 sequenced specimens, including images of fresh fruit-bodies. The related DNA-derived data extension table provides 155 sequences with descriptions of their parameters in eight fields. The dataset can be accessed through GBIF  Elborne9CA4F2E7-8EA7-5068-94BD-DC6D456B0FC1Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08514; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866228; occurrenceID: 1C2FC960-006E-51BE-94C0-01B17E37D787; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Tomskaya Oblast'; county: Tomskiy Rayon; locality: Orlovka village vicinity, Chernoye lake; decimalLatitude: 56.878320; decimalLongitude: 84.665770; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-22; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Pine-dwarfshrubs-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08855; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866230; occurrenceID: 0DACEE8B-D278-5278-BF5D-505F90290B39; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Chistoe bog, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.046340; decimalLongitude: 69.440660; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2019-07-06; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Lasch) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys60446006-2947-587E-9A1D-481BB9F24A7DType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08140; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866221; occurrenceID: DC4AF85A-9FF4-58AB-BF01-39563377BDF3; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Sovetskiy Rayon; locality: Potanay oilfield area; decimalLatitude: 61.188503; decimalLongitude: 65.456627; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-07-29; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised 40CA7486-3E1E-56DF-AE93-6A7AAE662B81Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08148; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ396707; occurrenceID: 033E8211-350D-5E1E-A764-83B8BD5FAB27; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Sovetskiy Rayon; locality: Potanay oilfield area; decimalLatitude: 61.188503; decimalLongitude: 65.456627; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-07-29; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Boud.) Korf442C7A61-DA89-5BF1-B3E5-32A9D9124595Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06580; recordedBy: Zvyagina, Elena|Zvyagina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866214; occurrenceID: FFE85935-0D44-5D1D-BC12-8F99EFDE0EBD; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Surgutskiy Rayon; locality: Yuganskiy State Nature Reserve; decimalLatitude: 60.021295; decimalLongitude: 74.462242; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-06-29; habitat: The community of dwarf shrubs and sphagnum, with micro complexity of hummocks and hollowsType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12193; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; occurrenceID: 1BDD84B8-7D0F-52CB-9BAA-74F47E4323E4; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino FS boardwalks, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251Gray49991A0C-1AB9-57C4-A894-71A40235B9A1Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: DE2249A1-483A-5CF5-9C3C-2F1AE15F0B67; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; identificationRemarks: Identification based on observation, no collections were made; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (J.F.Gmel.) SingerB3AC4C14-C673-5485-BFD6-16781059D38FType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04503; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: 388596C9-3E8A-5BFA-A3A0-8591D4CCE254; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.89; decimalLongitude: 68.67; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; dateIdentified: 2014-08-09; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological characters only; Event: eventDate: 2014-08-09; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogBoud.CAA8679E-E4B6-5EF9-9F2D-734F76F97004Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05830; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: DD58AF74-84E8-54B3-A582-87DB1A99DB61; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; dateIdentified: 2014-08-08; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological characters only; Event: eventDate: 2014-08-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. (Schumach.) Qu\u00e9l.EEF4582D-A62D-51B7-8891-F8A247C22830Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04415; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: 31D64D45-463D-5490-B638-220C25356110; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; dateIdentified: 2013-09-05; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological characters only; Event: eventDate: 2013-09-05; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bog(Schaeff.) Fr.9EE54258-083F-56D1-B68C-D0505D9FDB8FType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06277; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366589; occurrenceID: 09FD8B86-1C37-505D-A9DA-4192E5AB613F; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-24; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06278; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866211; occurrenceID: A1F0E284-E221-5DFA-9D74-A0BD66CAD870; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-24; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03969; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866185; occurrenceID: 52F90AE8-9C78-510A-834C-3E56257A9D81; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.889934; decimalLongitude: 68.700686; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-02; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07410; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866219; occurrenceID: CB61994E-1632-5D1B-9D3D-8C31D0DA5365; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-09-13; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10526; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866233; occurrenceID: 59C9DCC7-CB1A-5BFE-8B1E-4B90ACA95F08; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891900; decimalLongitude: 68.682260; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-09-08; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Ammirati & A.H.Sm.1F09C1FB-9210-5A2D-A8A0-81658A79DC89Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05842; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866208; occurrenceID: 7FC77C06-4EA5-5B32-84A6-7B50F58B0ED8; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. (J.Favre ex M.M.Moser) H\u00f8il.5187FC35-1EBF-56A0-B9A0-6AC980D5CC58Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04090; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866190; occurrenceID: 7266D007-4149-53E0-86D6-C0FA1F1B9918; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892022; decimalLongitude: 68.691502; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-09; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12164; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866252; occurrenceID: E57AD120-5B3C-5B46-A616-A42A2E700608; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Niskanen, Liimat., Ammirati, Andr\u00e9 Paul & LebeufDDC3E0EB-4C10-5240-AA39-AF86A51C7CBEType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07111; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366575; occurrenceID: 98747B4E-3D95-52E6-85A1-053C60C0D754; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-08-13; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.Fr.9E85D5FD-4BA3-558A-84D6-C3B82DA69EF6Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04409; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866196; occurrenceID: C373D94A-B2E6-5829-A84C-92CC3054CE3F; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-09-02; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03944; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366579; occurrenceID: ADE1FB6C-6C0D-5C4E-ABB5-8591037917AD; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.889934; decimalLongitude: 68.700686; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-01; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)(L.) GrayD45A910C-CA79-5932-8B2B-5702CB8ABBBBType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12166; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866254; occurrenceID: 76D43F18-8811-571D-A13C-39BD1AF5DAB1; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised H.Lindstr. & SoopD61E29C0-6AA6-5010-9059-D9A7A6EBAA6AType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08357; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866224; occurrenceID: F94994DD-6483-5139-8620-7C4165C7D5AE; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-28; habitat: Sphagnum bogTreed Pine-dwarfshrubs-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12168; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866256; occurrenceID: E8F425CA-0F70-52E2-AD68-C404F9B55F8A; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Sowerby) Gray9E2AA595-CA46-5818-B1E2-4C9B5C5FF805Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05994; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366566; occurrenceID: B29EC05D-D24E-5CBF-BAD8-3D8143DEFD1C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-15; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08467; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366567; occurrenceID: 3A02782C-5D1E-511C-9B52-CCE23AD7C5C1; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Tomskaya Oblast'; county: Tomskiy Rayon; locality: Orlovka village vicinity, Chernoye lake; decimalLatitude: 56.878320; decimalLongitude: 84.665770; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-22; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Pine-dwarfshrubs-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12173; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866260; occurrenceID: 9688D5DC-7495-52EF-8997-815388848D18; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Ammirati, Halling & GarnicaA9C0632E-04EC-5225-B59C-4E0E5481C724Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04388; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366583; occurrenceID: DE9BF282-30AE-5EC1-B782-40EC5A9C7CC6; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-08-23; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03949; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366584; occurrenceID: E908B388-6CDD-5497-8BD9-A8282E3990EC; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.889934; decimalLongitude: 68.700686; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-01; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)Niskanen, Liimat., Kyt\u00f6v., Ammirati, Dima, L. Albert & K.W.8A4CBF69-9CB2-5476-9386-96AB9B315D81Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12099; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866240; occurrenceID: 623630B6-75D5-5D75-A3A8-AC4E54BCFEB1; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Shapsha village vicinity, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.066410; decimalLongitude: 69.468030; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-07; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Ammirati, Niskanen & Liimat.C4C55319-9319-5404-90FD-41E7C2538465Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10097; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866232; occurrenceID: CCEDB011-FEBC-5BB6-BB69-00CD6CCAD244; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891890; decimalLongitude: 68.682040; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-07-28; habitat: Sphagnum bogTreed Pine-dwarfshrubs-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12122; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OQ366568; occurrenceID: C2175434-49F0-5440-BF39-CCABA3B92DB7; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12165; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866253; occurrenceID: 3A50BEAC-C5F5-5084-837F-271F37B43B76; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Fr.) Fr.A2190288-0B81-526F-AF77-B857F70F5740Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05991; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866209; occurrenceID: 868F99D4-38E6-55A7-A3AA-FBD113CCDF9C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-15; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. A.H.Sm.E5FCDC8A-50E1-5B8C-9D01-69A7C9652E8BType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06276; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366586; occurrenceID: 18858B58-E0C4-5D1A-BE1C-38D87475D1D8; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-24; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07313; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866216; occurrenceID: 78A4F1C9-21C4-556C-A603-1536CA231141; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-09-05; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07314; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366587; occurrenceID: FD1B18D1-0615-5DB0-B753-225C39AAD587; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-09-05; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12725; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366585; occurrenceID: 633B97EA-9FE9-58C5-A6BE-93C1CB2C6BBC; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Tomskaya Oblast'; county: Tomskiy Rayon; locality: Orlovka village vicinity, Chernoye lake; decimalLatitude: 56.878320; decimalLongitude: 84.665770; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-22; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Pine-dwarfshrubs-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08628; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866229; occurrenceID: E374A934-EA57-5C90-904B-F227281A589C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-09-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08358; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866225; occurrenceID: DBE77E8E-0A93-5611-A340-4D69AEB0C82A; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-28; habitat: Sphagnum bogTreed Pine-dwarfshrubs-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12170; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866258; occurrenceID: 23739D82-E509-5BD7-9FF8-72C85C8779B9; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ396710; occurrenceID: FBF4CF3B-1622-59EB-8837-264005AA60EA; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; decimalLatitude: 60.891780; decimalLongitude: 68.684250; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-31; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12131; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866250; occurrenceID: 54BCFD0E-650F-5845-AFB3-9839F0AE3BFE; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Niskanen, Kytov. & Liimat.F413E362-006C-559D-BAD7-ACFEC2CE8D0BType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12167; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866255; occurrenceID: 481657C2-5379-5456-9FC4-FCA3F346F010; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Fr.) Fr.C08686E8-513F-5B80-A665-BD5773D60FFCType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06275; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366597; occurrenceID: 068F9024-F3ED-54EA-B940-0C1A66C35911; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-24; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03938; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366598; occurrenceID: 00633617-C1F9-523D-BBA1-380B51D1337D; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.889934; decimalLongitude: 68.700686; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-01; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)Soop16889A91-179C-55CF-967F-480AF432C9F0Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07312; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366578; occurrenceID: 62B63D0B-CB2E-57E4-82B9-D6F2B0666695; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-09-05; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.H.Lindstr.3290010A-6BA3-52F0-A177-2FA0F8ED489CType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08477; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366595; occurrenceID: A8CDBF38-1D00-5DF2-9490-10C77491FABD; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Tomskaya Oblast'; county: Tomskiy Rayon; locality: Orlovka village vicinity, Chernoye lake; decimalLatitude: 56.878320; decimalLongitude: 84.665770; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-22; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Pine-dwarfshrubs-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10532; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366594; occurrenceID: B4D043FF-69D2-5DEA-9996-5BFDE77ED749; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891900; decimalLongitude: 68.682260; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-09-08; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08353; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366593; occurrenceID: 88D328D5-44D5-554A-9EDC-EB24C19FFA0C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-28; habitat: Sphagnum bogTreed Pine-dwarfshrubs-Cooke9C850A4B-E6ED-5C0F-A26B-544EA1174640Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05844; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366581; occurrenceID: C9DC8601-0FD9-5EAF-A7EA-D829434C43AE; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07913; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366582; occurrenceID: FD9EA0EF-A07C-5CCA-B1C4-166EF12501C7; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2017-08-07; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.(Fr.) Fr.7047D9E1-4DC7-5CFA-8614-22BDCC278476Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03821; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366576; occurrenceID: 4BE00B63-C6E2-5298-A268-E6F4C13F53BA; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Chistoe bog, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.046340; decimalLongitude: 69.440660; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-08-22; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08356; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366577; occurrenceID: 8E225DAD-017D-512B-8374-393C461DD2A9; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-28; habitat: Sphagnum bogTreed Pine-dwarfshrubs-(Fr.) Gillet297817C4-59E0-58C3-B36E-84FAF1E79760Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04089; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366571; occurrenceID: 4868C501-8E37-50A8-AB59-3009F2BCEB38; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892022; decimalLongitude: 68.691502; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-09; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10539; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366570; occurrenceID: B4C5062C-75F0-55A4-8523-05487A24BE4B; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891900; decimalLongitude: 68.682260; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-09-08; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Liimat., Kyt\u00f6v., Niskanen & AmmiratiF8C9E686-CACD-5C55-A17D-2A975EAF30D9Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04378; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366590; occurrenceID: 2DB3B76D-2330-5650-A98C-DDA155DC2B89; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-08-22; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06282; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866213; occurrenceID: 414EC551-167F-5168-B7EA-163F5D8C5008; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-24; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05840; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866207; occurrenceID: 58F6D14A-A81A-5CF8-9B5C-C1DCB6764A6C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03985; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866187; occurrenceID: 7CDCB481-E72D-5FE3-BEEA-73565EA1E411; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.889934; decimalLongitude: 68.700686; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-02; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08472; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866227; occurrenceID: 65166951-E7A2-54AD-8B09-FAC2A611395D; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Tomskaya Oblast'; county: Tomskiy Rayon; locality: Orlovka village vicinity, Chernoye lake; decimalLatitude: 56.878320; decimalLongitude: 84.665770; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-22; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Pine-dwarfshrubs-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10537; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866237; occurrenceID: F6354D21-8173-55F6-ACF9-EAC329B62E80; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891900; decimalLongitude: 68.682260; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-09-08; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12169; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866257; occurrenceID: CA7BCABB-D804-560B-8497-039C82AAF095; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12172; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866259; occurrenceID: B921CABE-5EA1-55BA-B990-415FAA7D0735; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Soop90FF1B09-D829-5FDE-94C4-3485B80DE8E6Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04407; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366592; occurrenceID: 08CBBB5A-B56D-531F-9DC2-0945F9DB5E80; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-09-02; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogKyt\u00f6v., Niskanen & Liimat.31D45FDD-5447-5BD6-A876-343FD6AB1A9DType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06281; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866212; occurrenceID: BF9D0746-D25C-5276-9DEA-D38E6D1977E6; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-24; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04092; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366569; occurrenceID: 4DACD1A3-5B5A-5A71-AEE0-4394F10348D2; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892022; decimalLongitude: 68.691502; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-09; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogFr.35FED5AC-3C33-5723-B353-7F5371AAAD03Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07592; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366596; occurrenceID: 1430F8F0-3D01-56E3-A3B7-7FD82C873ED8; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-09-20; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.P.Karst.0B59F433-8481-502E-ACAB-D6894666D7AFType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07591; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366588; occurrenceID: 9EE21C14-1725-5D3A-9250-F82642DCB58A; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-09-20; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.8C8329A0-5695-5500-93A1-169D54E1E24AType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04376; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ406266; occurrenceID: 7C47453D-9D2D-5575-83BE-137598B1BF9D; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-08-22; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bog9F0CC674-74DD-597A-9A28-B14F328C7175Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07112; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366573; occurrenceID: 68878D77-BC55-5D57-A666-354EBD4A5928; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-08-13; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12171; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OQ366572; occurrenceID: B56EB31D-5D54-572D-A47B-2D55DAF9C20F; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised 2DAC4B16-974B-50C3-8661-041D5D72E08AType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06488; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366574; occurrenceID: 2078BD8B-0F28-5DDC-B4CC-B121888CFBAF; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-09-05; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. DFF7D6C3-E46E-5EE0-BA5C-E4305FC0A2A8Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05845; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366580; occurrenceID: EEA2E476-4939-5F99-B356-0A1CC75B8147; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. BCF01F2C-976E-5DC1-8F61-6CB5E496679AType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04424; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366591; occurrenceID: 7E0DBF71-3B71-5CCE-893E-06B51D590449; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-09-11; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bog(K\u00fchner) Bon2E370B2D-9302-5351-930B-6ABBCD69B0A7Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04491; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866201; occurrenceID: 3F31C9B7-2A00-5889-967F-76ED1B1AFA7F; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891777; decimalLongitude: 68.683476; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2014-07-16; habitat: Andromeda-graminoid-S.papillosum lawn9EB27173-78FC-5F50-8DFC-0223526B82ECType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12105; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OQ396709; occurrenceID: 3CC67DC4-A033-5B55-98D1-5036492E873E; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Shapsha village vicinity, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.066410; decimalLongitude: 69.468030; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-07-30; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised P.D.Orton1EBF862F-1EFC-5B08-BCAA-C9BDBC5BA230Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10530; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866236; occurrenceID: 6F67D9ED-1D19-5381-B253-FF0358B9D8CE; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891900; decimalLongitude: 68.682260; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-09-08; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised A.H.Sm. & Singer3C1B3E0C-80C7-579A-BF55-DAF09B23A65DType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04385; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866193; occurrenceID: 9F4E433F-0ACD-5C15-878A-03A54AC7AC4C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-08-23; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05998; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866210; occurrenceID: A9EB6A92-F709-590C-A139-B1995F9821B8; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-15; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06496; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380701; occurrenceID: D7CB0165-75E9-5CD8-BA5D-9D873324055C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-09-05; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12176; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866262; occurrenceID: 356B7B3C-6237-59B2-8197-4B69AAF9455E; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised P.D.OrtonB01AFDA2-C58B-545A-8F33-6630241A4135Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04379; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380704; occurrenceID: D9071435-5E7C-5AC3-B060-7A5FF065DBF2; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-08-22; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03955; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380698; occurrenceID: 61C442AF-220C-5823-B953-6D23A88CAF0F; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.889934; decimalLongitude: 68.700686; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-02; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)(Fr.) K\u00fchnerA369E67D-8B90-50BD-B9E1-75B222E39087Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12103; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866242; occurrenceID: 76F13EF6-5A13-5249-914F-DF3161A2D8DC; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Shapsha village vicinity, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.066410; decimalLongitude: 69.468030; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-07-30; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Pers.) Singer022F18B6-F64E-510A-AFF6-5BF521FD28C8Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05827; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866205; occurrenceID: C88B0D7E-A8C2-5598-B027-068560B9F88E; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. (G.F.Atk.) A.H.Sm. & Singer22640BC8-68DD-5866-8A6A-D9092F6E3BC0Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04084; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380703; occurrenceID: F4ADF2F4-A771-5298-9845-C767393CE0F8; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.893086; decimalLongitude: 68.677082; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-09; habitat: Graminoid - sphagnum hollow (patterned ridge - hollow bog)Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04399; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866195; occurrenceID: 37ED525F-E7D0-5C77-83DB-9A176996BD73; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-08-26; habitat: Graminoid - sphagnum hollow (patterned ridge - hollow bog)Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08473; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380702; occurrenceID: 08304FFF-8395-541F-97F6-9890B2C49A71; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Tomskaya Oblast'; county: Tomskiy Rayon; locality: Orlovka village vicinity, Chernoye lake; decimalLatitude: 56.878320; decimalLongitude: 84.665770; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-22; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Pine-dwarfshrubs-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12177; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866263; occurrenceID: 981E7D40-5103-5120-BF9B-B205F715C140; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (G.F.Atk.) K\u00fchner86887303-DD9F-5241-B558-E292D185AB81Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12123; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866244; occurrenceID: 35ADD260-F108-547B-93A5-FD30D3737D5F; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12104; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866243; occurrenceID: 32F94061-10FC-5A75-BC59-531FDBE1264E; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Shapsha village vicinity, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.066410; decimalLongitude: 69.468030; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-07-30; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised 89EAC93F-B899-5B1C-A0A1-C47A63970AC5Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10529; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380700; occurrenceID: 951E5EAE-2A54-5883-B6B4-E90E4C7B0DD8; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891900; decimalLongitude: 68.682260; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-09-08; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08625; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380699; occurrenceID: E3DBA78B-FDAB-595B-BDF4-F95469711EFB; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-09-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised D71C7E06-4C1E-54D2-90D7-6F469C2C4405Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07835; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380706; occurrenceID: CA77951C-ECB8-5423-8A81-76E9A809FED4; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2017-07-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12130; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OQ380707; occurrenceID: 3C821BD6-E7CD-55A2-9F7C-ECE6FCBCA496; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12175; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OQ380708; occurrenceID: 12D9BFB3-F636-55CD-8B75-5E847BB70E10; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05828; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380705; occurrenceID: 2B917C8B-A819-5FE6-886B-81C1E6BF2BFF; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. FCE96BD9-947B-557D-8789-3F85604E6E7EType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08626; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380709; occurrenceID: 53F60077-A223-5EDD-907F-027ECE8F82CA; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-09-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Sacc.) P.D.Orton10270D09-88E1-5AE8-8201-6432EF16B9A9Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10528; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866235; occurrenceID: C1484C7B-48C6-52A3-B90F-4EA4F07B1B13; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891900; decimalLongitude: 68.682260; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-09-08; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06667; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866215; occurrenceID: F20A3E45-F70F-5E8C-B9EA-E3784475243C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-07-02; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogTreed pine-dwarfshrubs-S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12129; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866249; occurrenceID: 040F08EB-00DE-5047-99B3-84EB81A2D5C4; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised EC450C09-3A18-51BB-A319-F97A7502F82CType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04064; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ380715; occurrenceID: 0617518F-761D-559E-840F-B7C675AE8556; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.888786; decimalLongitude: 68.686395; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-08; habitat: Graminoid - sphagnum hollow (patterned ridge - hollow bog)Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08623; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ406271; occurrenceID: 2687BE71-3B7A-5A5D-A458-AF2A3B328677; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-09-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (L.) Della Magg. & Trassin.66DDED05-3812-5BEC-A55F-E2B3F4913593Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04985; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866203; occurrenceID: 54B1176F-120F-528A-B1B1-F64B28894464; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891980; decimalLongitude: 68.682430; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-06-06; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. (Bull.) Murrill3D36970D-0D92-576B-9107-0AC703B0E23EType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-09780; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366384; occurrenceID: D4246552-F6B7-5E71-BEC1-3FD211BAC035; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.89171; decimalLongitude: 68.68451; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-06-28; habitat: PinussylvestrisRaised bog with R.H.Petersen & J.L.MataDF736571-C9A4-523E-8E3F-66F17920FB83Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04971; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866202; occurrenceID: 0C7C3986-A599-52D6-8600-0939AB20202E; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891980; decimalLongitude: 68.682430; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-05-31; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07912; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366385; occurrenceID: 456E3810-0F1B-584A-B4CE-247A84745570; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2017-08-07; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08014; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866220; occurrenceID: 98E9EC09-FFB1-5D33-A2C0-1967413DFF9A; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891954; decimalLongitude: 68.687647; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-06-24; habitat: fuscumRaised bog, among S. 986A8DEC-65A0-590A-9793-0AB9ACB4D978Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-06283; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366383; occurrenceID: 29EBDEB9-670A-5D90-BAD5-F374FA3C9141; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892010; decimalLongitude: 68.682420; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-24; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05835; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366382; occurrenceID: 61A8E942-28C0-5A9A-824D-91291C25A7C0; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03953; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ406264; occurrenceID: 27064764-4968-5BFA-ADFA-E7F927D79440; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.889934; decimalLongitude: 68.700686; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-02; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)(Singer) Redhead, Moncalvo, Vilgalys & Lutzoni6AA4DCE7-9612-5375-883E-4D7C88E9A23DType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05832; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866206; occurrenceID: 239FF4B4-CF6B-5A88-AB33-6D96E083D365; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12127; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866248; occurrenceID: BBC81A3F-DD66-5775-A3E2-9519F52F52DA; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised A.H.Sm.A522DBCE-29EE-5B93-98CC-5C93368D90A2Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04390; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866194; occurrenceID: 10DE3EFF-6D58-56BA-9515-1DFDBA7413AF; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-08-24; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03939; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866184; occurrenceID: B7D02454-1B7E-5C61-9769-1501A485CEFA; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.889934; decimalLongitude: 68.700686; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-01; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)(Fr.) P.Kumm.5E33EA86-27F1-59C8-96A7-9CCF421DAADEType status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: C1D32E79-F1F2-51A2-9573-E7B6B0D4405D; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; identificationRemarks: Identification based on observation, no collections were made; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Pers.) RickenD7EE7BC9-3A8E-5595-A730-694D2D91990DType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07318; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866218; occurrenceID: C9408C4B-5F38-5851-861E-113D1435D4E8; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-09-05; habitat: Sphagnum ombrotrophic hollowGraminoid-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04112; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866192; occurrenceID: CCAF12D1-ADEC-5BBF-87D5-48E3D3BC3AD4; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.900413; decimalLongitude: 68.691845; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-11; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)(Boud.) Pat.4C6341FC-A8E1-5145-9C69-9037917722BCType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04431; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866199; occurrenceID: C0716471-51D7-56AF-9105-62D8314553D6; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-09-15; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bog(Fr.) Fr.AAA618C4-8DE6-5CEA-9CF3-56065FA6D281Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04428; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866198; occurrenceID: 63925012-C9DD-5F8E-9885-409B28E21462; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-09-14; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogFr.5E34E94B-54B8-5CA4-920B-B98AF0F2C397Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08240; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Tomkovich, Konstantin; associatedSequences: OP866222; occurrenceID: 9C437F0F-6A05-59B1-9FBC-7CC78BF9DD07; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Shapsha village vicinity, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.062728; decimalLongitude: 69.478030; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-05; habitat: Treed bog, \"tall ryam\"Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12126; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866247; occurrenceID: A6F1DF16-F341-51CA-B346-BEF5B9E05631; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Scop.) Fr.4FF1F82D-F2DC-5E7C-8D66-AFC91D85BBB9Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-09780; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ366384; occurrenceID: AFAAC398-7421-5C6F-9508-FC4102D17FED; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891710; decimalLongitude: 68.684510; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-06-28; habitat: PinussylvestrisRaised bog with Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12133; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866251; occurrenceID: E7B52401-F6D5-5FD2-9198-1DE6144A80D9; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Fr.) Fr.EA8C486D-F5FC-53B8-B2E4-89BECA211C84Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: 90161AAA-08CF-5D8F-A5D2-555B537BFEBC; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; identificationRemarks: Identification based on observation, no collections were made; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Fr.) Fr.91B4488C-6A11-57C0-A330-E5671EFC8613Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12178; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866264; occurrenceID: 26CE9CCD-09B5-57F1-83BA-5B76491EBE6E; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Rostk.) Watling9E869D96-4AB0-5E4F-A829-D6DE644D0974Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12179; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OQ406273; occurrenceID: 349038D6-D530-545A-B837-9529CAFA898D; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Bon07FAA650-AA5E-5971-AB8E-E2F7195A4DD7Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12102; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866241; occurrenceID: CDAACA96-1B15-528D-8CF1-570D46A65DD5; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Shapsha village vicinity, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.066410; decimalLongitude: 69.468030; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-07-30; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (L.) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & VilgalysA0CAA578-0770-5875-A1C8-7FD8FFA28C48Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05069; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866204; occurrenceID: 1CE95FFA-FC4C-5032-BC7C-2D21972CA400; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.888930; decimalLongitude: 68.702550; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-06-20; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. DCF1071E-27A4-5855-8591-2BBA55B740A5Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03932; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ407681; occurrenceID: 25EBDDF2-099A-5EC8-9CE3-9B943C809129; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892773; decimalLongitude: 68.674893; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-02; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)(Pers.) P.Kumm.CB4F39CE-5CCA-5AF4-A9C0-7765245E6EE5Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03777; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ407680; occurrenceID: 793379D3-298C-533F-8196-2DADA32369D5; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Chistoe bog, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.064432; decimalLongitude: 69.460545; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-08-18; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogKauffman3FE59BB9-B3D9-5EE5-99FF-7AB60954FBCBType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12174; recordedBy: Rudykina, Elena|Dobrynina, Alevtina; associatedSequences: OP866261; occurrenceID: EF9A6873-1F22-5E17-B911-08E8F10CF253; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Pers.) P.Kumm.81C45058-FAE0-5984-A8D7-592B317DD99CType status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: 467E3637-37BD-5AD7-9F50-BBAC1AFA34AC; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; identificationRemarks: Identification based on observation, no collections were made; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (Pers.) P.Kumm.88911350-B8A2-51CF-84F6-411A5D80C139Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04086; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866189; occurrenceID: 2B03CF15-9F68-525C-A756-F6F3B824A5AC; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892022; decimalLongitude: 68.691502; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-09; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bog(Pers.) Redhead2FC0D985-E8B5-5BAB-BF44-E6EB8D291B15Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07317; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866217; occurrenceID: AD803EAD-70DF-50C1-833B-E42C42A58543; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2016-09-05; habitat: Sphagnum ombrotrophic hollowGraminoid-Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10527; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866234; occurrenceID: 313A3813-D2EE-5FC5-9C65-4031F1AEBCBA; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891900; decimalLongitude: 68.682260; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-09-08; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised 8D9CB004-3291-5F97-849B-3330F9B49C77Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04122; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ396705; occurrenceID: 5B297732-D6ED-5F14-95F8-868070ACA234; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Chistoe bog, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.054422; decimalLongitude: 69.456725; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-17; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum hummock (patterned ombrotrophic bog)(Maire) J.FavreBE4E110B-42BB-562B-9F70-3F890B704069Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04433; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866200; occurrenceID: 5747BC2B-27EB-5C96-89AE-2F9EF1046008; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-09-18; habitat: Graminoid - sphagnum hollow (patterned ridge - hollow bog)(J. Favre) M. Carbone, Agnello & P. Alvarado1F634223-9C79-5349-B80F-97BFBE394D62Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07716; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: C99AD73C-E065-5506-BD4D-BD2552D8761F; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Event: eventDate: 2017-06-03; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.Glejdura, V.Ku\u010dera, Lizo\u0148 & KuncaEC99E55F-A1EE-58D0-A787-BAADBC3805FEType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07713; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ396706; occurrenceID: C0E1A760-ED3B-5FF9-AC8C-9DE4B33EA46B; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2017-06-03; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.J.Favre088926E5-2E11-5F0C-A5CA-F50089AADBEFType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03896; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866183; occurrenceID: 93046516-E43A-55A9-9175-CE7CAE76AB19; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Chistoe bog, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.053093; decimalLongitude: 69.448142; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-08-29; habitat: Sedge - sphagnum oligo-mesotrophic hollow(Fr.) Fr.BA5DDF1F-24ED-539F-A7C6-FE00F3CF89A9Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08371; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866226; occurrenceID: 7F70CD2E-ECAE-579F-84AA-E44AB4B4999C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-28; habitat: Sphagnum bogTreed Pine-dwarfshrubs-(Schaeff.) Pers.205AAF73-D149-5F82-BFCD-94ECB98973FAType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04107; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ396704; occurrenceID: DD8F7BC5-49F2-5EA4-B7B9-7A3797F6BAF2; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.900413; decimalLongitude: 68.691845; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-11; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)Britzelm.F457FA09-D3F4-5200-8B2F-CFA8652D2991Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03868; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866182; occurrenceID: E821F179-5D5E-57B9-BD01-7030F656645C; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Chistoe bog, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.060051; decimalLongitude: 69.459472; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-08-28; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-08507; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ396708; occurrenceID: EB58A1EE-0620-5DE6-81B6-F5743EFCE27B; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Tomskaya Oblast'; county: Tomskiy Rayon; locality: Orlovka village vicinity, Chernoye lake; decimalLatitude: 56.878320; decimalLongitude: 84.665770; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2018-08-22; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Pine-dwarfshrubs-(Fr.) V.Hofst., Cl\u00e9men\u00e7on, Moncalvo & RedheadE452DEDE-4000-5A88-B0F0-169E5AB748C6Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-07834; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: 234CA784-46BC-5E4E-AEDE-0145B9ECB620; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; dateIdentified: 2017-07-08; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological characters only; Event: eventDate: 2017-07-08; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine-dwarfshrubs-S.(Peck) Redhead & V.Hofst.3DFEBF58-DB4A-5495-99CE-743D5191E3E2Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12022; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866239; occurrenceID: 551A6A83-DF4B-5F51-954A-0FD172C603DA; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-07-11; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-12124; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina|Rudykina, Elena; associatedSequences: OP866245; occurrenceID: D366F273-316C-59DB-9959-5E36046E21EF; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-04; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised (K\u00fchner & Romagn. ex Hora) Singer9DD4F963-3361-50B5-97D6-12A9CFC73AC8Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: 066287C6-F9A5-5A25-8729-C37D0889823A; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; identificationRemarks: Identification based on observation, no collections were made; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Zvyagina & Svetash.00B04160-E78A-5AAC-8367-88ABFF357770Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04382; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ407682; occurrenceID: 0026892C-5BB6-5C3E-AC79-EEB4AF1744B2; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892632; decimalLongitude: 68.677156; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2013-08-22; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bog(Fr.) J.PreslCC29B372-473C-5EB2-BF40-F51249CCEA19Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03981; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866186; occurrenceID: BA89F6AB-FE9B-5F39-A14D-A9B1E5C7D40A; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892773; decimalLongitude: 68.674893; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-02; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum hummock (patterned ombrotrophic bog)(Peck) Singer98D35DD3-915F-5E26-93FD-5A4B6EA7511CType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-10533; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ406272; occurrenceID: 7E714B52-5FD6-5274-A3C8-ED3D67CFC54D; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Khanty-Mansiysk town vicinity; decimalLatitude: 60.891900; decimalLongitude: 68.682260; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2020-09-08; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised Ehrh.5DBE2BF4-7F07-5523-B66A-03D587A587FDType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04098; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: FFD804E6-BEAD-5355-8F8F-6AF842475E33; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.892022; decimalLongitude: 68.691502; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological characters only; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-09; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bog(Pers.) GilletC6B1DB55-3D83-5C81-AACC-358CC2B65363Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; occurrenceID: 3DE6220F-DC39-53B2-B388-2C07D071F9E4; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina; identificationRemarks: Identification based on observation, no collections were made; Event: eventDate: 2022-08-19; habitat: Sphagnum bogRaised 19036A6B-4DD1-596E-A282-1A696B6BEB61Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-03795; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ407679; occurrenceID: 45720CA3-6B5C-5344-A3FC-49487DA9D41F; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Chistoe bog, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.057330; decimalLongitude: 69.462476; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-08-21; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bogType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05025; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ407678; occurrenceID: 701F4CCB-8605-5FF3-89EE-6C93526795E5; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891980; decimalLongitude: 68.682430; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-06-13; habitat: fuscum ombrotrophic bogPine - dwarfshrubs - S. Redhead2C97E24C-E0DA-5766-B25F-97D7724B40FCType status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-04042; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OP866188; occurrenceID: E204C94B-7D1F-56E1-ADDA-6815E28B3768; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Chistoe bog, 20 km E from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 61.066591; decimalLongitude: 69.457326; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2012-09-07; habitat: Pine - dwarfshrubs - sphagnum bog (close to forest)Esteve-Rav. & G.Moreno77CAA6A1-3915-5854-A83B-C2095A024A83Type status:Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: YSU-F-05833; recordedBy: Filippova, Nina; associatedSequences: OQ406267; occurrenceID: DC11A58C-AADC-5BE7-B7D9-9981178C6F85; Location: country: Russian Federation; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug; county: Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon; locality: Mukhrino field station of YSU, 20 km SW from Khanty-Mansiysk; decimalLatitude: 60.891781; decimalLongitude: 68.684251; Identification: identifiedBy: Filippova, Nina|Zvyagina, Elena; dateIdentified: 2023-02-28; identificationRemarks: Identification based on morphological and molecular characters; Event: eventDate: 2015-08-08; habitat: Sphagnum hollow in ombrotrophic bogGraminoid-Cortinarius, Galerina, Gymnopus and Russula. Several sequences revealed potentially new species , Entoloma sp., Galerina spp. (3), Gymnopus sp., Gymnopilus sp., Mycena sp., Omphaliaster sp. and Xeromphalina sp.), which were not assigned to any existing sequences using BLAST and require further study. Finally, the taxonomic diversity of macromycetes of the raised bog \u201cMukhrino\u201d revealed by a complex approach is represented by 95 species from 33 genera, 23 families, seven orders, three classes and two phyla  and possibly represent under-described taxa, while 12 taxa remain unsequenced. Molecular identification added several cryptic species to the genera Cortinariusaurantiobasis, C.brunneotinctus, C.cruentiphyllus, C.davemallochii, C.kauffmanianus, C.lindstroemii, C.sphagnoravus, C.tenuifulvescens, Gymnopusjunquilleus, Xeromphalinacampanelloides and X.setulipes.Eleven species are reported for the first time in Russia, based on a recently-published country-scale checklist of agaricoid and boletoid fungi : CortinaThe results of the estimated sample completeness are shown in Fig. The total fruiting abundance, defined as the number of fruit-bodies of a particular species accumulated in the course of a year, varies by three orders of magnitude (from 1 to thousands of fruitbodies per hectare). Following the logarithmic abundance scale Table , only siThe fruiting of different species varies during the vegetation season. There are a few species fruiting in yearly summer (May-June), some species fruit in mid-summer (June \u2013 August); however, most species appear at the end of the season (August-September) Fig. . The numThe total abundance, or accumulated number of counted fruit-bodies, varies strongly between years: it reached the maximum of about 5000 frb/year/ha in 2016 and was the lowest in 2021 at 844 frb/year/ha .In order to study the influence of habitat on community composition of macromycetes, we created total species lists for each plot and arranged them according to habitat types and vegetation composition. Fig. basidiomycetes, with chytridiomycetes and zygomycetes being far less abundant. Based on the compilation created by Fungi, Chromista, Protozoa), seven phyla, 26 classes, 80 orders, 212 families and about 1300 species. Macromycetes are represented by about 960 species, with only about 350 species of microfungi.The previously-reported species diversity of fungi of peatlands globally (based on literature records) is estimated at about 600 species , includiWe used this dataset to compare our species list with the existing research of macromycetes in oligotrophic peatlands. Table The phenology of fruiting of macromycetes in raised bog communities was studied by different authors . All autMacromycetes adapted to peatland ecosystems deserve special attention in conservation initiatives due to the ongoing degradation of these habitats on the global scale , parentEventID (plot ID), habitat (vegetation), decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, minimumElevationInMeters, samplingProtocol, sampleSizeValue, sampleSizeUnit, eventDate, year, eventDate, country, countryCode, stateProvince, municipality, locality, geodeticDatum, coordinateUncertaintyInMeters, basisOfRecord, occurrenceID, scientificName, genus, organismQuantity, organismQuantityType, kingdom.This table is published as a GBIF Sampling Event dataset and will be updated there (https://www.gbif.org/dataset/acd76923-54da-4799-b4b0-cfe585c2c0b8).File: oo_835555.csvhttps://binary.pensoft.net/file/835555Filppova N.V., Zvyagina E.A., Rudykina E.A., Dobrynina A.S."}
{"text": "To investigate the role of pelvic floor devices  as adjunctive treatments in pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after radical prostatectomy.A systematic review with meta-analysis. We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective non-randomised studies investigating the effectiveness of pelvic floor devices as an adjunctive treatment for SUI symptoms assessed with weight pad-test or standardised questionnaires. To assess the risk of bias (RoB) and overall certainty of evidence, the RoB 2.0 or the ROBINS-I, and the GRADE approach were used.2 = 80.0%; I2 = 80.6%). The overall level of certainty was very low.Eleven RCTs met our eligibility criteria. One was at a \u2018low\u2019 RoB, one had \u2018some concerns\u2019, while nine were at a \u2018high\u2019 RoB. Two meta-analyses were conducted to analyse the pooled results of six RCTs included. Specifically, two RCTs reported at week 4 with a 1h pad test a mean difference of 0.64 , and four RCTs reported at week 12 with a 24h pad test a mean difference of -47.75 . The heterogeneity was high in both analyses (IIn line with our results, we cannot conclude whether pelvic floor devices add any value as adjunctive treatment in the management of SUI after radical prostatectomy. Future studies require more comprehensive and standardised approaches to understand whether these devices are effective. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common complication after radical prostatectomy . SUI is During the early phase of rehabilitation, different types of feedback are adopted to facilitate the pattern of activation of these muscles , 11. FeeThree previous reviews have compared the effect of pelvic floor devices as adjunctive treatments to PFMT in men with urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy \u201323. All In light of the above, we performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate the effect of these devices  as an adjunctive treatment in the management of radical post-prostatectomy SUI symptoms.The protocol of this systematic review was registered into the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews . The reporting of this systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA) 2020 . To condThe primary aim of this systematic review is to analyse the effect of pelvic floor devices  and prospective non-randomised studies were taken into account. No limits on language were set. Case series, single-case studies and systematic reviews were excluded from the analysis. No limitations on the publication date were set. Abstracts and reports from meetings were excluded.We considered eligible for this systematic review only studies addressing men (age > 18 years) with radical post-prostatectomy SUI. No follow-up, symptoms duration and symptom severity limits were set. We excluded studies where participants had any type of comorbidity that could interfere with the pelvic floor training results . People with a history of cancer other than recent prostatectomy were excluded as well. Moreover, we also excluded any other UI types, such as urge incontinence.Studies that investigated the use of a pelvic floor device  as an adjunctive therapy in the management of radical post-prostatectomy SUI were considered eligible. Therefore, studies needed to compare the effectiveness of PFMT with and without the combined use of a device. Any permanent implantable or surgical device was not considered eligible. PFMT was considered as any training involving specifically the contraction of pelvic floor muscles, both supervised and not. No limits on duration or frequency were set. Studies that evaluated a pelvic floor device in isolation were excluded.The primary outcome of this study was the severity of UI symptoms measured either through gold standard objective measures  or self-reported tools . No limits on repetitions  were set. The secondary outcome was HRQoL.As suggested by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions  we choseThe search was conducted by three authors . The search strategy was a combination of Medical Subjects Headings, Boolean operators  and the keywords \u201curinary incontinence\u201d, \u201cstress\u201d, \u201cprostatectomy\u201d, \u201cmale\u201d, \u201cphysical and rehabilitation medicine\u201d, \u201cpelvic floor\u201d, \u201cexercise\u201d, \u201cfeedback\u201d, \u201clower urinary tract symptoms\u201d, and \u201cincontinence impact questionnaire\u201d. The research strings for every database are reported in Supplementary Materials .Articles were uploaded onto Rayyan Website after duplicate removal . AfterwaTwo researchers (B.G. and G.L.) independently extracted the following data from each study using standardised Excel templates: authors, year of publication, country, setting, study design, the total number of participants, age, number in each group, type of intervention and control, the timing of administration of intervention and baseline, post-intervention and follow-up (when available) points estimates, measures of variability of main outcomes and authors key conclusion. Results for both primary and secondary outcomes were extracted. To be able to make a comparison between outcomes and to facilitate the eventual meta-analysis, data were divided based on the times of assessment  and the tests adopted . Authors of studies where data were not completely displayed were contacted. In case of disagreement in the data extraction process, a third author (S.B.) was consulted to gain a consensus.The risk of bias and methodological quality of the included studies were independently assessed by two authors (B.G. and G.L.). For randomised controlled trials, we used the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool 2.0 (RoB 2.0), recommended to assess the risk of bias in Cochrane Reviews . This to2 statistic. The overall certainty of the evidence and strength of the recommendations were evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach   , 40. TheIn 2 = 80.0%; I2 = 80.6%] with a level of evidence very uncertain, consistent with the following sensitivity analysis. In line with that, we could not conclude whether the adjunctive use of devices may enhance or not improve SUI symptoms following radical prostatectomy. This finding contrasts with the results of the reviews by Sciarra et al., Silva E.B., and Hsu L. et al. The first review summarised the evidence of the biofeedback and electric stimulation for radical post-prostatectomy UI https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0AttachmentManuscript.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file.AttachmentManuscript Reviewer 1.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 6 Jul 2023RESPONSE LETTER: #PONE-D-22-34371 EMID:553d4bd8f5e8e815To the kind attention of:the Editor-in-Chief, Ana Katherine Goncalves;the Entire review Board of PLOS ONE;the reviewers: Timothy Uzoma Mbaeri & Ricardo Ney Cobucci.On behalf of myself and all the authors of the manuscript, we would like to thank you for the effort, professionalism, and time employed in reviewing our study. Based on your constructive and positive comments we have denoted a great improvement in the quality of the work, hoping that it can be considered for publication in your renowned journal.In the following paragraphs, you will find all the comments highlighted by the reviewers, our answers, and the references to the modification in the text of the revised manuscript. All parts modified or added to the original paper have been highlighted in yellow on the pdf.Reviewer 1 comments:\u201cPlease look at the corrections and comments made in the body of the article. I think with minor corrections as outlined or explanations on the queries raised, the work is good for publication. My recommendations are as stated in the body of the article.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: Thank you for your time and assistance. Based on your feedback we have made some improvements and corrections to the study. In general, we have revised the included studies and decided to implement the studies between January 2022 and June 2023. In this way the review will be more updated. Moreover, based on the suggestion of another reviewer we have run a sensitivity analysis. We hope we have ensured a better quality!-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cTitle: What type of prostatectomy? Please specify.\u201d \u201cIntroduction: Specify the prostatectomy you mean. I can guess you are talking about radical prostatectomy. State it clearly\u201d.Authors\u2019 comments: Thank you for specifying that. We refer to \u2018radical prostatectomy\u2019, as you have guessed by reading the manuscript. We have therefore clarified that we referred to \u2018radical prostatectomy\u2019.Authors\u2019 actions: We have added the word \u2018radical\u2019 to \u2018post-prostatectomy\u2019 or \u2018prostatectomy\u2019 all over the manuscript.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cObjective: I think you should state all the once you actually tested. Remove the etc so the work can be reproducible\u201d.Authors\u2019 comments: We think that you have absolute right here, as it was not clear and reproducible. Therefore, we have removed the \u2018etc.\u2019 as you have suggested. Authors\u2019 actions: Pag 4, Lines 85-86: the word \u2018etc.\u2019 has been removed.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cMethods, Population: These exclusion criteria were of the studies to make and not you. So, how were you able to determine that the authors did this exclusion if it were not in their exclusion criteria?\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: Thank you for this specification. We could not determine if the authors did this exclusion unless it was declared otherwise. Our intention, in declaring this, was to specify that we would have excluded any study in which these criteria were declared by the authors.Authors\u2019 actions: We have tried to better explain that these criteria were analysed in the investigating studies and only if these characteristics declared by the authors they were excluded. The paragraph has been amended as follows: Page 4, line 96-101: \u201cWe considered eligible for this systematic review only studies addressing men (age > 18 years) with radical post-prostatectomy SUI. No follow-up, symptoms duration and symptom severity limits were set. We excluded studies where participants had any type of comorbidity that could interfere with the pelvic floor training results . People with a history of cancer other than recent prostatectomy were excluded as well. Moreover, we also excluded any other UI types, such as urge incontinence.\u201d.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cMethods, Primary Outcomes: Can we have two gold standards in one assessments? Why not stick with the pad test? Pad test is objective while iciq test is subjective. We can only compare studies that used the same outcome measures or validated comparable outcome measures if they are different.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: We\u2019d like to thank the reviewer for highlight this. Actually, our primary outcome was not the pad test, as this is an outcome measure. Rather, as also reported in the protocol, it was UI symptoms. We have modified the paragraph as reported below. However, we found just one study that used a subjective and validated outcome, but the same study did not report the data. As stated in the paper, we have tried to contact the authors but they did not get back to us. Therefore, the study by Marchiori et al. has been removed, leaving only the studies that adopted the objective pad weight test outcome. Authors\u2019 actions: Paragraph \u2018Types of outomes\u2019, Pag 5 lines 112-114 has been amended as follows: \u201cThe primary outcome of this study was the severity of UI symptoms measured either through gold standard objective measures  or self-reported tools . No limits on repetitions  were set.\u201dThe following lines in \u2018Results\u2019 section have been added: Page 7, lines 188-192: \u201cOne study that adopted a subjective outcome measure as primary outcome also reached the final screening phase, however data results were not reported in the manuscript. We contacted the authors for raw data, but they did not get back to us (41). Therefore, we have excluded this paper as we did not know whether it really answered our research question (41)\u201dThe Marchiori et al. study has been removed from the final included studies.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cResults, Table 1: Marchiori D., Bertaccini A., Manferrari F, Ferri C. and Martorana G did not state what was used and thus should be excluded. If there is no result on the outcome measure, should it be used for the study. It is an incomplete study and should not be used.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: We agree with your opinion in this case, since there was no declaration on what was used. For this reason, we have agreed to remove this study from the included studies. Authors\u2019 actions: Marchiori et al. study has been removed from the included study.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cResults, Table 2: De Santana 2017 and Marchiori 2010: If there is no result on the outcome measure, should it be used for the study. It is an incompletes studies and should not be used.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: As reported above, we have removed Marchiori et al. study. We do not agree with the exclusion of De Santana et al. study, though. De Santana et al. did use the pad test; however, they did not report the pad weight data, but a severity classification based on the pad test, that is, in our opinion a serious reporting bias (\u2018High\u2019 risk of bias), but not for this reason should be excluded. Authors\u2019 actions: Marchiori et al. study has been removed from the included study.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cResults, Page 16: Primary outcome \u2013 weight pad test. This result is not congruent with the report table where two works did not give data on their primary outcome measure. Santana and Marchiori. Check and explain please.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: thank you for this specification. We have tried to better declare what we have found based on the studies\u2019 reported data. Therefore, we have declared that \u2018De Santana\u2019 did report an increase in UI symptoms, but that their reported data were changes in symptoms\u2019 classification based on the amount of pad weights. Marchiori, instead, has been completely removed from the included studies, since authors did not report data (as mentioned above).Authors\u2019 actions: the \u2018Results\u2019 section in Pag 18, lines 2-8, has been amended as follows:\u201cRegarding the weight pad test, four studies found that the intervention group reduced this outcome compared to the control group . On the other hand, one study, as in the previous studies, found a reduction compared to the control group, but its magnitude was lower (34). Five studies found no difference between the intervention and control groups . Finally, one study (38) reported that the intervention reduced the 1h pad weight compared to control group, but authors did not report the pad weight data in grams, instead they reported a urine severity symptoms classification of participants, based on the amount of pad grams , before and after the treatment.\u201d-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cDiscussion, Page 18 2nd paragraph: State the heterogeneity you noted and why in your estimation you think the studies are faulted to the extent of the information you got. That is what makes it a discussion.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: Thank you for this consideration. We have stated the heterogeneity we noted in the \u2018Discussion\u2019 section, and we have tried to better explain what might have affected the heterogeneity of our results .Authors\u2019 actions: Pag 21, Line 8, the I2 Index has been added: I2 = 80.0%; I2= 80.6%.Pag 21, Lines 26-29 have been amended as follows: \u201cThe coexistence of these results may be linked to the different ways in which PFMT is delivered, contributing to the high heterogeneity of PFMT treatment outcomes and study results. Besides the high risk of bias of studies included, three elements discussed hereafter might have contributed to increasing the heterogeneity of our results: supervision, load, and type of PFMT.\u201d.Pag 22, Lines 58-59 have been amended as follows: \u201cFurthermore, given the general trend of results in favour of the adoption of devices in addition to PFMT, since none of the control groups adopted a sham intervention, it is worth questioning if these results reflected a real efficacy of the devices or a general placebo response (51).\u201dPag 23, Lines 67-68, the following sentence has been added: \u201cFuture studies should adopt sham therapies for control groups to better contain the placebo effect of these devices, but researchers might also give voice to patients to explore the aspects presented above and to understand the perceived usefulness of these treatments. While waiting for future evidence to shed some light on the efficacy of these devices in SUI after prostatectomy, clinicians might opt to choose (or not) these devices based on other factors \u201d.The following \u2018Discussion\u2019 section has been amended as follows: Pag 21, Lines 10-21:\u201cThis finding contrasts with the results of the reviews by Sciarra et al., Silva E.B., and Hsu L. et al. The first review summarised the evidence of the biofeedback and electric stimulation for radical post-prostatectomy UI (21). In this review, the authors affirmed that the devices in the management of UI following radical prostatectomy improved the incontinence recovery rate within the first 3 months compared with PFMT alone (21). However, their review was not focused on SUI symptoms and did not provide a level of certainty about the reported results (GRADE approach). The second, instead, investigated the beneficial effects of biofeedback-assisted PFMT, suggesting that biofeedback-assisted PFMT exerts beneficial effects on improving SUI after radical post-prostatectomy (23). However, they did not focus on SUI symptoms and did not provide a level of certainty about the reported results as well. Conversely, in the review of Zaidan P. and Da Silva E.B. (22) they concluded that electric stimulation associated with PFMT did not show additional benefit. However, they did not perform a meta-analysis. Overall, we can conclude that there is a need of more evidence to understand whether or not these devices are effective as an adjunctive therapy to PFMT.\u201d-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cDiscussion: Revise and cite all references.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: Thank you for this note. We have revised the references and corrected them where necessary. Authors\u2019 actions: The following references have been added: 1. Pag 21, Line 12, 14, the reference n\u00b0 21 has been added.2. Pag 21, Line 19, the references n\u00b022 has been added.3. Pag 21, Line 17, the references n\u00b023 has been added.4. Pag 22, Line 59, the reference n\u00b0 51 has been added.\u2003Reviewer 2 comments:\u201cThe authors in the meta-analysis sought to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions such as biofeedback and electrical stimulation in controlling stress urinary incontinence after prostatectomy. Eleven clinical trials with more than a thousand patients were included, which confers an important value to the study. However, there is a need for some improvements that I highlight by sections:\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: Thank you for your time and assistance. We followed your suggestions and improved the quality of our study. In particular, we have updated our research until June 2023, and we have improved the introduction and discussions sections. However, we did not feel like to perform a publication bias analysis and due to reasons explained below. We hope that our improvements have increased the quality of our study in a relevant way.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5918.029.003.AO21 / http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.03.013.\u201d\u201cIntroduction: It could be improved with one more paragraph, in which the authors should highlight what this systematic review adds to the evidence of others previously published: Authors\u2019 comments: Thank you for suggesting adding this paragraph. We agree that a paragraph highlighting the adding value of our review would be relevant. Therefore, we have added a new paragraph that discusses what our study adds compared to previous existing studies. Authors\u2019 actions: The following paragraph has been added to the \u2018Introduction\u2019 section, Pag 3, lines 64-72: \u201cThree previous reviews have compared the effect of pelvic floor devices as adjunctive treatments to PFMT in men with urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy (21\u201323). All of them concluded that the adoption of pelvic floor devices is beneficial for improving urinary incontinence symptoms; however, some limits need to be disclosed. Zaidan P. and Da Silva E.B. (22) investigated the effectiveness of PFMT with or without electrical stimulation without performing a meta-analysis. Hsu L. et al. (23), in their review with meta-analysis, investigated the beneficial effects of biofeedback-assisted PFMT, but the biofeedback was intended also as verbal feedback and the interventions were sometimes applied before the prostatectomy. Finally, Sciarra et al. (21) performed a review with meta-analysis to investigate the effects of a biofeedback-guided programme or pelvic floor muscle electric stimulation but did not provide a level of certainty of the reported results. Moreover, none of these reviews focused on SUI symptoms.\u201d-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cMethodology: First, the search strategy should be updated with articles published in 2023 and there should not be a limitation of including only articles published in English, as today there are tools that allow good translation into any language.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: We have updated our review screening the articles that we rejected previously due to language. Unfortunately, only was study (south Korean) met our inclusion criteria. Moreover, we also run a new research from January 2022 to June 2023. We thank you for that, because with updating our research we have improved the quality of our study!Authors\u2019 actions: We have included and screened the studies which language was different from English, and we have updated our research until June 2023. The Figure 1 (PRISMA) has been updated. One study has been added into the final included studies. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cMethodology: Sensitivity analysis should be included in the methodology and performed. An example is to perform a sensitivity meta-analysis in the clinical trials of the 24h Pad test subgroup, removing one study at a time and checking for changes in mean difference and heterogeneity.\u201dhttps://handbook-5-1.cochrane.org/chapter_9/9_7_sensitivity_analyses.htm). Authors\u2019 comments: Thank you for this consideration. Priorly, we did not declare we would have run a sensitivity analysis on our \u2018Prospero Protocol\u2019, still, based on your suggestion, we decided to implement it because we thought it would have been interesting. We could not divide the studies based on the risk of level because they were all at \u2018high\u2019 risk, therefore we could not use this criterion for the sensitivity analysis. Moreover, we could not change from a random to fixed effect, since we declared in the protocol that we would have adopted a random one as fixed-effect might not be appropriate based on the evidence on this topic. Finally, we choose not to adopt the \u2018leave-one-out\u2019 method for different reasons: potential bias results, lack of justification and limited insight into robustness . Authors\u2019 actions: In the \u2018methodology\u2019 section, Pag 7 the following lines (175-177) have been added: \u201cA sensitivity analysis was run to evaluate the robustness of our findings. Specifically, we explored the effects of the devices plus PFMT by clustering them based on their type .\u201dThe sub-paragraph \u2018Sensitivity analysis\u2019 has been added to the \u2018Results\u2019 section, Pag 18-19, Lines 30-36: \u201cBased on the used devices, we have divided the studies to run a sensitivity analysis. Among the four studies included in meta-analysis of 24h pad test at week 12, only two adopted the same type of device  . The results of the sensitivity analysis were in line with the previous analysis, with a heterogeneity of I2 = 83.8% and a mean difference of -40.08  . We did not run a sensitivity analysis of 1h pad test at week 4 because only two studies were included in the meta-analysis.\u201dThe file \u2018Supplementary material 2\u2019 containing the results of the sensitivity analysis of the \u201824h Pad test at week 12\u2019, subdivided by device adopted, has been added to the manuscript files. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cMethodology: It is not correct to state that analysis of publication bias cannot be performed due to the small number of trials in the meta-analysis. I suggest that the authors see how to do the analysis with Egger test.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: We would like to thank the reviewer for highlighting this. Cochrane Library states that funnel plot asymmetry should be used only when there are at least 10 studies included in the meta-analysis, otherwise the test\u2019s power will be too low. We did include 11 studies in the systematic review, but not in the meta-analyses, which were fewer than 10. In addition, the Cochrane reports that the Egger\u2019s test is potentially misleading for continuous outcomes, which were our cases. Please, have a look at the following references.https://training.cochrane.org/resource/identifying-publication-bias-meta-analyses-continuous-outcomesReferences: https://training.cochrane.org/handbook/current/chapter-13https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0895435699002048?via%3DihubAuthors\u2019 actions: No actions were taken.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u201cResults: results after sensitivity analysis will need to be included and whether publication bias exists after applying the Egger test this should also be put in the section.\u201dAuthors\u2019 comments: Thank you for specifying this. Based on the adopted methodology for the sensitivity analysis, explained above, we have conducted and commented the results of the analysis. Unfortunately, we could not match many studies based on the device adopted, therefore only two included studies were eligible for the analysis. The results, anyway, were consistent with the synthesis of results. Authors\u2019 actions: The sub-paragraph \u2018Sensitivity analysis\u2019 has been added to the \u2018Results\u2019 section, Pag 18-19, Lines 30-36: \u201cBased on the used devices, we have divided the studies to run a sensitivity analysis. Among the four studies included in meta-analysis of 24h pad test at week 12, only two adopted the same type of device  . The results of the sensitivity analysis were in line with the previous analysis, with a heterogeneity of I2 = 83.8% and a mean difference of -40.08  . We did not run a sensitivity analysis of 1h pad test at week 4 because only two studies were included in the meta-analysis.\u201dThe following sentence has been added to the \u2018discussion\u2019 section, Pag 21, lines 6-8: \u201cFrom the pooled results of the two meta-analyses and the GRADE assessment, we found a high heterogeneity among studies  with a level of evidence very uncertain, consistent with the following sensitivity analysis.\u201d-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.03.013).\u201cDiscussion: It is well-built, but if new clinical trials published between January 2022 and May 2023 are to be included, it should be reformulated. In addition, a comparison of the results of this meta-analysis with the one I suggested including in the introduction can be carried out . In this review, the authors affirmed that the devices in the management of UI following radical prostatectomy improved the incontinence recovery rate within the first 3 months compared with PFMT alone (21). However, their review was not focused on SUI symptoms and did not provide a level of certainty about the reported results (GRADE approach). The second, instead, investigated the beneficial effects of biofeedback-assisted PFMT, suggesting that biofeedback-assisted PFMT exerts beneficial effects on improving SUI after radical post-prostatectomy (23). However, they did not focus on SUI symptoms and did not provide a level of certainty about the reported results as well. Conversely, in the review of Zaidan P. and Da Silva E.B. (22) they concluded that electric stimulation associated with PFMT did not show additional benefit. However, they did not perform a meta-analysis. Overall, we can conclude that there is a need of more evidence to understand whether or not these devices are effective as an adjunctive therapy to PFMT.\u201d-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AttachmentResponse to Reviewers.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 24 Jul 2023The added value of devices to pelvic floor muscle training in radical post-prostatectomy stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review with metanalysisPONE-D-22-34371R1Dear Dr.\u00a0Marco Testa <div style=\"color: rgb; font-family: \"Helvetica Neue\", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; outline: none !important;\"> Article type:\u00a0Research Article </div>  <div style=\"color: rgb; font-family: \"Helvetica Neue\", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; outline: none !important;\"> \u00a0 </div> We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. 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For more information, please contact Kind regards,Ana Katherine Gon\u00e7alves, Ph.D.Academic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :The authors followed of the reviewers' recommendations and the manuscript is appropriate for publication.Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> 1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #2:\u00a0All comments have been addressedReviewer #3:\u00a0All comments have been addressed********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). 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Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #2:\u00a0The authors met most of the reviewers' recommendations and the manuscript is in better shape for publication. Congratulations.Reviewer #3:\u00a0The authors followed of the reviewers' recommendations and the manuscript is appropriate for publication.********** <font color=\"black\"> 7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Yes:\u00a0Ricardo Ney CobucciReviewer #2:\u00a0Reviewer #3:\u00a0No********** 26 Jul 2023PONE-D-22-34371R1 The added value of devices to pelvic floor muscle training in radical post-prostatectomy stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review with metanalysis Dear Dr. Marco:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofProfessor Ana Katherine Gon\u00e7alves Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "The interaction between smoking and asthma impairs lung function and increases airflow obstruction severity. The identification of smoking patterns in smokers with and without asthma is crucial to provide the best care strategies. The aims of this study are to estimate asthma frequency, describe asthma features, and characterize smoking in smokers attending smoking cessation units.We carried out a cross-sectional study in five smoking cessation units with different geographical distribution to estimate asthma frequency in smokers, characterize asthma features in smokers, as well as smoking in asthmatic smokers.Asthma frequency among smokers was 18.6%. Asthmatic smokers presented high passive exposure, low smoking self-efficacy and will to quit smoking, as well as a high exacerbation frequency, severe symptoms, and frequent use of long-acting beta agonists, inhaled steroids, and short-acting beta agonists.Smokers with asthma constitute a high-risk group with worsened evolution of pulmonary involvement. All smokers should be regularly screened for asthma. Effective smoking cessation strategies should be proposed to smokers with asthma in order to reverse the harmful effects of smoking on the airway, together with a comprehensive and integral approach. Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable premature mortality in the world . Indeed,On the other hand, asthma is a chronic airway disease, affecting around 7.5% of the adult population, characterized by variable airway obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation . It is ie.g., chronic mucus hypersecretion) in the asthmatic airways, explaining the reported accelerated lung function decline and increased airflow obstruction severity Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Partly********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0General commentThis is an original paper which assess the frequency and smoking characteristics of asthmatic patients attending 5 different smoking cessation units in Spain.An adequate number of study subjects is analysed. The topic is of interest for respiratory physicians. The reasearch need to be improved, particularly in the analysis of lung function and outcome of smoking cessation.Specific commentsMajor- The title should contain information on the fact that the study subjects are smokers attending smoking cessation units.- Considering that the study subjects are smokers attending smoking cessation units, the study should include a multivariate analysis assessing the variables possibly associated with smoking cessation at least at short-medium term (e.g. 4-12 weeks from the start of the smoking cessation program) for asthmatic/non-asthmatic smokers.- It is unclear if the presented data about the \"Smoking cessation interventions\" and \"Relapse\" (Table 4) are related to previous quit attempts or to the actual attempt at the moment of the enrollment in the study.- The frequency of airway obstruction in the study subjects should be reported. Obstruction should be defined as FEV1/FVC < 5th percentile of the predicted value, by applying GLI equations - Discussion section: \"We would like to highlight the significantly lower smoking cessation support in asthmatic smokers found in our study.\" . This affirmation should be further clarified in relation to the presented results.- Discussion section: \"However, these patients had significant pulmonary involvement regardless of smoking and did not achieve good smoking cessation rates.\" . This affirmation should be further clarified in relation to the presented results and to those to be added in a revised version of the manuscript.Minor- The abstract lacks of a clear aim of the study.- \"packs per year\" should be replaced by: pack-years, throughout the manuscript. In the Material and methods section it should be reported how \"packs per year\"/pack-years were calcutated.- Material and methods section. The used lung function protocol should be reported.- Material and methods section. Reference and description of the UISPM=Test de la Unidad del Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica de Madrid should be reported.- In the title of Table 1, 2, 3 and 4 it should be reported the total number of the study subjects (n=329). Within each table, a note reporting that there were missing data for some indicated variable should be added.- \"Table 2\" is not quoted in the text of the Results section.- Table 2. It should be clarified that Table 2 refers only to the smokers with diagnosis of asthma.- Title of Table 3: correct \"Tabla 3\".- Table 3. Those reported in this table are clinical and respiratory function characteristics in addition to demographic characteristics. The title should be corrected accordingly.- Table 3. FEV1, FVC, and PEF lack of units of measurement.- Table 3: numbers and percentages of the obstructed study subjects should be added.- Table 3. Information on cannabis use are lacking.- Table 4. \"CO levels \" and \"HbCo levels\" lack of units of measurement.********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Yes:\u00a0Francesco PistelliReviewer #1:\u00a0**********https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 3 Oct 2023PONE-D-23-14534Frequency and Differential Characteristics of Asthma in SmokersDear Editor and reviewers,We would like to thank you for all the constructive comments and suggestions. We really appreciated them and are confident that will clearly contribute to improving the manuscript. See below our responses (in blue) to your comments (in black) and applied changes.Looking forward to your response,Juan Antonio Riesco on behalf of the authors*****************************************************************************REVIEWER #1: General commentThis is an original paper which assess the frequency and smoking characteristics of asthmatic patients attending 5 different smoking cessation units in Spain.An adequate number of study subjects is analysed. The topic is of interest for respiratory physicians. The research needs to be improved, particularly in the analysis of lung function and outcome of smoking cessation.Specific comments. Major- The title should contain information on the fact that the study subjects are smokers attending smoking cessation units.We agree with the reviewer; we have modified the title according to his suggestion. The current title is:Title page: Frequency and characteristics of Asthma in smokers attending smoking cessation units in Spain. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Considering that the study subjects are smokers attending smoking cessation units, the study should include a multivariate analysis assessing the variables possibly associated with smoking cessation at least at short-medium term (e.g. 4-12 weeks from the start of the smoking cessation program) for asthmatic/non-asthmatic smokers.Thanks for the comment. The analysis of the factors associated with smoking cessation and possible differences in asthmatics vs non-asthmatics can be very interesting. However, these factors are not the focus of the study and, therefore, information on possible determinants or confounding factors of smoking cessation  may be incomplete.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- It is unclear if the presented data about the \"Smoking cessation interventions\" and \"Relapse\" (Table 4) are related to previous quit attempts or to the actual attempt at the moment of the enrollment in the study.We agree that Table 4, on differential characteristics of smoking between asthmatics and non-asthmatics, is difficult to understand. To make it easier to read, we have modified the table by grouping related variables under the same characteristic (in bold type). Thus, the variables related to any quit attempt are grouped together, as well as those referring to the last attempt, regularity of the habit, reward, dependence, or others. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The frequency of airway obstruction in the study subjects should be reported. Obstruction should be defined as FEV1/FVC < 5th percentile of the predicted value, by applying GLI equations The spirometer software has the GLI equations implemented, so the results are already expressed as adjusted. However, we agree on the importance of adding some additional information. In this sense, we have calculated the FEV1/FVC ratio and the percentage of patients with chronic airflow limitation, defined by an FEV1/FVC ratio <0.70. (Page 11). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Discussion section: \"We would like to highlight the significantly lower smoking cessation support in asthmatic smokers found in our study.\" . This affirmation should be further clarified in relation to the presented results.Thanks for the comment. This sentence is based in results shown in table 4, with a lower proportion of support to quit smoking in asthmatics versus no-asthmatics (60% vs. 77%). On the other hand, we have added some bibliographic reference in the discussion to support this result (page 16).------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Discussion section: \"However, these patients had significant pulmonary involvement regardless of smoking and did not achieve good smoking cessation rates.\" . This affirmation should be further clarified in relation to the presented results and to those to be added in a revised version of the manuscript. The reviewer is right. The sentence is confusing. The idea is to emphasize that the absence of differences in quit rates between asthmatics and no asthmatics probably points to the need to use more intensive intervention strategies in asthmatic smokers because of the impact of smoking on the asthmatic patient's lung function. We have added a short explanation in this regard, as well as bibliography that supports our results (page 16).Minor- The abstract lacks a clear aim of the study.The reviewer is right, thank you very much for the comment. We have added a sentence with the main purposes of the study (page 2). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \"packs per year\" should be replaced by: pack-years, throughout the manuscript. In the Material and methods section, it should be reported how \"packs per year\"/pack-years were calcutated.Thank you very much for the comment. We have added a sentence on how to calculate the number of pack-years in the methods section . In addition, we have changed the expression \u201cpacks per year\u201d by \u201cpack-years\u201d throughout the text, as suggested by the reviewer. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Material and methods section. The used lung function protocol should be reported.The reviewer is right. Thank you for your comment. We have added the requested information and referenced it in the relevant section (page 7). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Material and methods section. Reference and description of the UISPM=Test de la Unidad del Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica de Madrid should be reported.Indeed, we agree that the information on this test is scarce in the article. Consequently, we have added a short explanation of this tool as well as the corresponding bibliography in Methods section (page 8). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ In the title of Table 1, 2, 3 and 4 it should be reported the total number of the study subjects (n=329). Within each table, a note reporting that there were missing data for some indicated variable should be added.Certainly, the n changes in different variables due to missing values (that is why the n of each variable was placed in each row). In order to lighten the table, the partial n's have been suppressed and a sentence about the existence of missing values has been added.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \"Table 2\" is not quoted in the text of the Results section.Explanation of table 2 has been quoted in the text (page 10).------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 2. It should be clarified that Table 2 refers only to the smokers with diagnosis of asthma.Thanks for the comment. An explanatory sentence has been added before describing table 2 (page 10).------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 3: \u2022 Title correct \"Tabla 3\". The spelling error has been corrected (page 12) \u2022 Those reported in this table are clinical and respiratory function characteristics in addition to demographic characteristics. The title should be corrected accordingly. Title has been modified according to the reviewer\u2019s suggestion (page 11).\u2022 FEV1, FVC, and PEF lack of units of measurement. Corresponding units have been added to respective parameters in table 3. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Numbers and percentages of the obstructed study subjects should be added. The chronic air flow limitation, defined by a FEV1/FVC ratio <0.70, has been calculated and added to lung function parameters in table 3. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Information on cannabis use is lacking.No specific information on cannabis use was collected.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 4. \"CO levels \" and \"HbCo levels\" lack of units of measurement. The corresponding units have been added to the table (ppm for CO levels and % for HbCO levels) (page 14).AttachmentPNE-D-23-14534_R1-Response to reviewers.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 6 Nov 2023Frequency and characteristics of Asthma in smokers attending smoking cessation units in SpainPONE-D-23-14534R1Dear Dr. Riesco,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Manlio MilaneseAcademic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> 1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0All comments have been addressed********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0The authors have adequately addressed the comments raised by this reviewer and the manuscript is now improved.********** <font color=\"black\"> 7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0No********** 27 Nov 2023PONE-D-23-14534R1 Frequency and characteristics of Asthma in smokers attending smoking cessation units in Spain Dear Dr. Riesco:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact customercare@plos.org.If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofDr. Manlio Milanese Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "Every country has seen multiple waves of this disease, placing a considerable strain on healthcare resources. Across the world, the pandemic has motivated diligent data collection, with an enormous amount of data being available in the public domain. In this manuscript, we collate COVID-19 case data from around the world  website), and provide various definitions for waves. Using these definitions to define labels, we create a labelled dataset, which can be used while building supervised learning classifiers. We also use a simple eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model to provide a minimum standard for future classifiers trained on this dataset and demonstrate the utility of our dataset for the prediction of (future) waves. This dataset will be a valuable resource for epidemiologists and others interested in the early prediction of future waves. The datasets are available from  The COVID-19 pandemic has been a significant threat to global public health, and has continued to spread throughout the world, wreaking havoc on the healthcare infrastructure . DespiteR0) forms a key challenge in nearly all of these methods. However, for all these models, the evaluation typically requires labelled data. Machine Learning classifiers can also be used to predict waves, without having to estimate the various parameters of the SIR model.Multiple approaches have been attempted when trying to predict COVID-19 waves. The pandemic has been notoriously difficult to predict accurately . VariousIn this manuscript, we provide a cleaned labelled dataset, \u2018COWAVE\u2019. Our dataset contains labels on whether each day was part of a \u201cwave\u201d or not, along with multiple helpful features extracted from the data. We also provide a baseline supervised classifier that can be helpful when comparing the performance of any classifier trained on COWAVE. We believethat scientists would find COWAVEhelpful, for building models that learn the dynamics of various kinds of COVID-19 outbreaks, and use it to predict new waves of the pandemic, quickly and reliably. The rest of this manuscript is organised as follows: we first present the data source and methods for smoothing the data and defining waves for labelling the dataset. We then present the datasets generated in this study. We then go on to discuss example classifiers and their predictions, along with possibilities for feature generation and selection.https://github.com/RamanLab/COWAVE/). The codes were all written in Python 3, and the analyses were performed on the cloud, using Google Colaboratory (https://colab.research.google.com/).In this section, we describe the source of our data, various smoothing algorithms and our approach to defining waves. All codes used in this study, and the datasets generated, are available from GitHub . The columns of the dataset provide the Date Reported, the Country Name and Code, and the WHO Region, along with the new and cumulative cases and death counts. No preprocessing was performed. Two things must be noted. The first is that the new case count suddenly becomes 0 or very low for certain dates. This is likely due to no testing being done on those days/improper testing. A moving average can be used to interpolate these points, but we do not do so since smoothing will be done later.All data were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO) website  is fitted locally to each subset. Points closer to the point whose response is estimated are given higher weights.Locally Weighted Scatter-plot Smoothing (LOWESS) is a common method used for the smoothing of scatter-plot data. It is a method equivalent to the Savitzky-Golay filter and was rediscovered by Cleveland . Based oThe only problem with LOWESS is that it does not provide the polynomials used to approximate the dataset. In a way, it is a black box. However, this is not a problem here since we are only interested in smoothing the data.yx is the data point at t = x and \u03b1 is a smoothing parameter (0 \u2264 \u03b1 \u2264 1).The simplest of the exponential smoothing methods is called Simple Exponential Smoothing (SES). This method is suitable for forecasting data with no clear trend or seasonal pattern . This alThe literature does not offer a universal definition of a \u201cwave\u201d. While waves are characterized by rising and falling parts, which when put together form the wave, this definition is very vague for obvious reasons.For example, in The notion of a wave in the context of creating a dataset for a classifier is even more ill-defined , 19. Notet al. Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Partly********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0N/A********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0No********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0The manuscript is interesting; however, the following comment should be addressed:1: All the sections and subsections must be included in the text, Such as :.2: The abstract needs to be improved to do justice to the main contributions of the paper, also it contains some abbreviations that need to be explained.3: The contribution is not stated also add it at the end of the introduction section.4: Please add future work to the conclusion section and discuss it briefly.5: This study suffers from a fresh literature review. It is recommended to boost the literature review of this study.6: Please add the system specifications used for the evaluation as well as the programming language.7: There are some typos and grammatical errors that should be corrected.Reviewer #2:\u00a0Summary:In this work, COVID-19 case data have been collected from around the world. The regions of waves are labelled. Also, XGBoost model is used to provide a minimum standard for future classifiers trained on this dataset. In addition, the utility of the dataset for the prediction of (future) waves.The manuscript is interesting; however, the following comment should be addressed :Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 Some facts about the collected dataset need to be included in the abstract.Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2 \u2013 The introduction need to be extended because it is very short.3 \u2013 The contribution should be included as a list at the end of the introduction section .Data and Methods Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments.The Datasets Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 More details about the dataset should be included .6 \u2013 Visual analysis should be discussed thoroughly .Results Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7 \u2013 The author mentioned that supervised classifier can be used. Thus , the author need to refer to other types of feature extraction tools. For example: a) 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3170893, b) 10.1002/cpe.7311, and c) 10.3390/sym14040715 .Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .General Comments:- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -9 - There are some grammatical errors that should be corrected . It is highly recommended to be proofed the manuscript carefully .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0No**********https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 10 Jan 2023Response to Reviewer 11. All the sections and subsections must be included in the text, Such as :.We have added all sections and subsections. Further, we have now (slightly) reorganized the sections and subsections for better readability.2. The abstract needs to be improved to do justice to the main contributions of the paper, also it contains some abbreviations that need to be explained.We have improved the abstract, with more details regarding the contributions made, the nature of the dataset created, and the baseline classifiers. All abbreviations used in the abstract, have also been explained.3. The contribution is not stated also add it at the end of the introduction section.We have added the contributions in the Introduction section (lines xx-yy).4. This study suffers from a fresh literature review. It is recommended to boost the literature review of this study.We have now included an additional paragraph in the \u201cIntroduction\u201d section to boost the literature review, as per the reviewer\u2019s suggestion (lines 8-13).5. Please add the system specifications used for the evaluation as well as the programming language.Since we are not reporting any runtimes, we have not reported system specifications. We have now clearly indicated the programming language, and that the codes were run on Google Colaboratory, at the beginning of the Data and Methods section (lines 28-32).6. This study suffers from a fresh literature review. It is recommended to boost the literature review of this study.We have now extended the Introduction section, with some methods of predicting COVID waves (lines 8-16).7. There are some typos and grammatical errors that should be corrected.We have carefully proofread the document again, and corrected all typos and grammatical errors that were found.Response to Reviewer 2:1. Some facts about the collected dataset need to be included in the abstract.We have added the source of the initially collected dataset, in the abstract.2. The introduction needs to be extended because it is very short.We have now extended the Introduction section, with some methods of predicting COVID waves.3. The contribution should be included as a list at the end of the introduction section.We have included the contribution at the end of the introduction (lines 18-21).4. This section is fine. No comments.We thank the reviewer for their appreciation.5. More details about the dataset should be included.We have now included more details about the dataset used to build the COWAVE datasets.6. Visual analysis should be discussed thoroughly.We have improved the discussion of the visual analysis.7. The author mentioned that a supervised classifier can be used. Thus, the author needs to refer to other types of feature extraction tools. For example: a) 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3170893, b) 10.1002/cpe.7311, and c) 10.3390/sym14040715.We have now cited other possible feature selection techniques (lines 223-224).8. This section is fine. No comments.We thank the reviewer for their appreciation.9. There are some grammatical errors that should be corrected. It is highly recommended to be proofed the manuscript carefully.We have carefully proofread the document again and corrected all typos and grammatical errors that were found. 24 Mar 2023COWAVE: A Labelled COVID-19 Wave Dataset for BuildingPredictive ModelsPONE-D-22-27577R1Dear Dr. Raman,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Hilal TayaraAcademic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :Please address all comments raised by reviewr 4.Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> 1. 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Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #2:\u00a0Summary:In this work, COVID-19 case data have been collected from around the world. The regions of waves are labelled. Also, XGBoost model is used to provide a minimum standard for future classifiers trained on this dataset. In addition, the utility of the dataset for the prediction of (future) waves.The authors have addressed the raised comments.Comments :Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 The abstract is fine. No further comments .Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .Data and Methods Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .Results Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Reviewer #3:\u00a0This version of the manuscript is well improved. The authors have addressed all reviewer comments. The manuscript can be accepted for publication.Reviewer #4:\u00a0- The abstract is long and NOT satisfactory. It should contain the following parts:i. The importance of or motivation for the research.ii. The issue/argument of the research.iii. The methodology.iv. The result/findings.v. The implications of the result/findings.-where is keyword list.Authors should add keyword list contain of 5 to 8 keywords.-The motivation and contribution need to be improve in introduction.Author should also add seprate paragaraph of orgnization at the end of introducation.-Was the dataset balanced? if the dataset is unbalanced and may affect the results significantly. The authorsshould solve the problem of the unbalanced\u00a0dataset.-Clearly highlight the mathematical terms used in the paper and explain them\u00a0in\u00a0the\u00a0text.-Author should discuss more recent reference in introducation*COVID-19 detection by dogs: From physiology to field application-a review article*Combination of Angiotensin (1-7) Agonists and Convalescent Plasma as a New Strategy to Overcome Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Inhibition for the Treatment of COVID-19*Derivatization and combination therapy of current COVID-19 therapeutic agents: a review of mechanistic pathways, adverse effects, and binding sites*The next frontier in vaccine safety and VAERS: Lessons from COVID-19 and ten recommendations for action- Conclusion to be made more systematic and future scope to be elaborated more on technical featuresthat are planned to be added in the proposed system in the near future.- The use of English language is fine, however, it is recommended to be checked once again.Reviewer #5:\u00a0The authors have addressed all the comments. 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{"text": "The study of the flora located in the central part of the Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n Range in the northern region of Indochina has revealed 279 species of liverwort and hornwort, 26 of which are newly reported for the flora of Vietnam. The uniqueness and peculiarity of the studied flora are explained by the significant altitudinal range in the area treated and its position in the contact zone of the Sikang-Yunnan floristic province of the East Asian Floristic Region with the Indochina Floristic Region. The checklist includes data on the distribution of each species in the studied region, habitats, and accompanying taxa. The high disunity of the regional floras of the southern tip of the East Asian region compared to the lesser disunity of the regional floras in the north of the East Asian region is shown. In general, the studied flora possess Sino-Himalayan mountain subtropical characteristics with the large participation of tropical elements. The Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n Range, stretching ca. 180 km, is located in the northern part of Vietnam and is an orographic continuation of the Hengduan Mountains, ranging from the southeastern edge of the Tibet Upland to Indochina. The system of the mountain ranges of Northern Vietnam is a site of penetration of the Sino-Himalayan flora to the south  and a zoConsidering these facts, we made an attempt to summarize and systematize the data on the liverwort flora of Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean National Park and its environs, located in the central part of the Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n Range. To date, all the materials collected by our team from 2016 to 2022 have been identified. The presentation of the data obtained, together with an attempt to analyze the characteristic features of the liverwort flora of the studied area, are the main tasks of the present account.Plagiochila , followed by Bazzania and Lejeunea. The data on the first 10 leading families and genera are presented in The total number of revealed taxa is 279, belonging to 41 families and 80 genera of Marchantiophyta and two families and two genera of Anthocerotophyta. Among families, the leading position is occupied by Lejeuneaceae, which comprises more than 16% of the flora, followed by Plagiochilaceae and Lepidoziaceae. Among the genera, the most taxonomically rich is Calypogeia and Chiastocaulon according to Bakalin et al. [Taxa in the checklist are in alphabetical order; nomenclature follows S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m et al. , with thn et al.  and Patzn et al. , respectAcrobolbus ciliatus (Mitt.) Schiffn.\u20142610, 2846\u2014Partly shaded mesic cliff crevices and open decaying wood\u201421, 24\u2014V-11-3-17, V-17-33-18\u2014Plagiochila semidecurrens [Acrolejeunea infuscata (Mitt.) Jian Wang bis et Gradst.\u20142030, 2100, 2210\u2014Moist to mesic decaying wood, tree trunks, moist cliffs\u201412, 16, 18\u2014V-2-46-16, V-4-54-17, V-5-41-17\u2014Frullania nepalensis, Plagiochila subtropica; Montes Hoang-Lien-Son, in rupibus marmoreis cacuminis supra opp. Sapa, 1780 m, 27 Sept. 1963, T. P\u00f3cs 2573/r [s 2573/r .Acrolejeunea recurvata Gradst.\u20141565\u2014Mesic tree trunk in part shade in mostly planted forest\u201415\u2014V-11-8-22.Acrolejeunea sandvicensis (Gottsche) Steph.\u20141565\u2014Mesic tree branches in mostly planted forest\u201415\u2014V-11-12-22\u2014Frullania obscura, F. pocsantha, Lejeunea flava.Anastrophyllum assimile (Mitt.) Steph.\u20143143\u2014Moist open cliffs\u201430\u2014V-3-38-16 [Anastrophyllum bidens  Steph.\u20142030, 2610, 2846, 3105, 3143, 3143-3050\u2014Moist to mesic, mostly open cliffs\u201421, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30 \u2013V-11-1-17, V-17-12-18, V-18-13-18, V-3-17a-16, V-8-21-17\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. ovistipula, B. praerupta, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Herbertus armitanus, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Mylia vietnamica, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa, Syzygiella nipponica [Aneura maxima (Schiffn.) Steph.\u20143143\u2014Moist cliffs in part shade\u201430\u2014V-3-21-16 [Aneura pinguis (L.) Dumort.\u20141557, 1620, 1900, 2610, 2884, 2900\u2014Moist cliffs and boulders, including those near watercourses in part shade\u20145, 6, 8, 21, 23, 23\u2014V-1-110-16, V-11-8-17, V-13-5-17, V-20-9-18, V-8-36-22, V-9-21-17\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Herbertus armitanus, Mnioloma fuscum, Mylia vietnamica, Plagiochila semidecurrens, Preissia quadrata, Scapania ferruginea, S. ornithopoides [Anthoceros angustus Steph.\u20141557\u2014Open moist clayish trail side\u20145\u2014V-8-23-22.Asperifolia indosinica Bakalin et A.V. Troitsky\u20141557, 1520, 1900, 2100, 2670\u2014Moist fine soil covering rocks and stream banks, in partly shaded to open habitats\u20145, 8, 12, 22\u2014V-1-112-16, V-2-22-16, V-8-44-22, V-19-10-18, V-3-14-17\u2014Calypogeia cuspidata, Riccardia pumila, Cephalozia siamensis [Asterella cruciata (Steph.) Horik.\u20142014\u2014Open moist humus covering cliffs near waterfall\u201411\u2014V-21-3-18.Asterella wallichiana (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Grolle\u20141860, 1900\u2014Mesic cliffs and moist clayish road cuts\u20144, 8\u2014V-1-80-16, V-10a-1-17 [Bazzania angustifolia Horik.\u2014Phan-Si-pan, 2100 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. ; Sapa, 1m a.s.l. ,16.Bazzania angustistipula N. Kitag.\u20141840, 2030, 2060, 2210, 2846, 2884, 2900, 2957, 3105\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs, tree trunks and branches, decaying wood\u20148, 13, 16, 18, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29\u2014V-10-27-17, V-17-8-18, V-18-2-18, V-20-5-18, V-4-49-17, V-5-43-17, V-6-41-17, V-8-10-17, V-9-10-22\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Bazzania ovistipula, Calypogeia granulata, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Herbertus dicranus, Heteroscyphus tener, Kurzia makinoana, Lejeunea flava, Lepidozia subtransversa, Leucolejeunea turgida, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Metzgeria leptoneura, Plagiochila beddomei, P. gracilis, P. pseudofirma, P. sciophila, P. trabeculata, Pleurozia subinflata, Radula cavifolia, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ornithopoides.Bazzania faurieana (Steph.) S. Hatt.\u2014Sapa, 2000 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. ,16.Bazzania himalayana (Mitt.) Schiffn.\u20141900, 2100 2060, 2210\u2014Tree trunks, decaying stumps and mesic cliffs in part shade\u20148, 12, 13, 16\u2014V-1-39-16, V-2-115-16, V-5-51-17, V-6-40-17\u2014Leucolejeunea turgida, Plagiochila semidecurrens [Bazzania japonica (Sande Lac.) Lindb.\u20141410, 1520, 1557, 1840, 1995, 2014, 2030, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to mesic cliffs, including those near streams, rarely open tree trunks\u20143, 5, 5, 8, 10, 11, 16, 18\u2014V-10-21-17, V-2-5-17, V-21-12a-18, V-3-44-17, V-4-60-17, V-5-56-17, V-7-6-17, V-8-15-22\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, B. tridens, Calypogeia granulata, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Lepidozia faurieana, L. subtransversa, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila assamica, Riccardia decrescens, Scapania maxima, Trichocolea rudimentaris.Bazzania aff. mayebarae S. Hatt.\u20141557\u2014Boulders and humus covering rocks in part shade\u20145\u2014V-8-26-22\u2014Calypogeia tosana. Comment: Bazzania mayebarae is distinctive due to distant, bilobed leaves; the hyaline underleaves are appressed to the stem and 1.5\u20132.2 times wider than the stem, with a distinctly verruculose leaf cuticle. Bazzania debilis, described from Thailand, in contrast to B. mayebarae, described from Japan, is very similar to the latter, although different in clearly bilobed leaves and longer than wide underleaves (versus leaves unclearly bilobed and underleaves wider than long). The Vietnamese plants commonly have clearly bilobed leaves (feature of B. debilis), wider than long underleaves (feature of B. mayebarae) and ovate leaves . In fact, we estimate that these two names may be synonymous and taxonomical relationships within this pair should be further investigated.*Bazzania oshimensis (Steph.) Horik.\u20141557\u2014Open mesic cliffs near stream\u20145\u2014V-8-16-22; as Bazzania tridens var. oshimensis (Steph.) P\u00f3cs: Sapa, 1600 m a.s.l. [Bazzania ovistipula (Steph.) Abeyw.\u20141840, 2030, 2060, 2210, 2610, 2727, 2835, 2846, 2884, 2900, 2957, 3105\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, cliffs including those near streams, rarely moist decaying wood in part shade\u20148, 13, 16, 18, 17, 18, 19, 21, 23, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 31\u2014V-10-17-22, V-11-13-17, V-12-19-17, V-15-14-18, V-17-2-18, V-18-14-18, V-20-7-18, V-4-10-17, V-5-30-17, V-6-17-17, V-8-30a-17, V-9-29-17\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Aneura pinguis, Bazzania angustistipula, B. japonica, B. tridens, Calycularia crispula, Calypogeia tosana, Cephaloziella willisana, Cololejeunea schmidtii, Delavayella serrata, Frullania davurica, F. moniliata, F. nepalensis, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Herbertus armitanus, Heteroscyphus argutus, H. coalitus, H. tener, Kurzia makinoana, Lepidozia apiculata, L. omeiensis, Marsupella vietnamica, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Mylia vietnamica, Plagiochila beddomei, P. gracilis, P. semidecurrens, P. trabeculata, Radula cavifolia, Scapania contorta, S. ciliatospinosa, S. metahimalayana, Schistochilopsis setosa, Solenostoma cf. pseudocyclops, Sphenolobopsis pearsonii, Spruceanthus semirepandus [Bazzania pearsonii Steph.\u20141900, 2060, 2100, 2210, 2670, 2727, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded, moist to mesic fallen decaying tree trunks, rarer mesic cliffs and living tree trunk bases\u20148, 12, 13, 16, 19, 22, 30\u2014V-1-68-16, V-2-67-16, V-3-51-16, V-15-16-18, V-19-8-18, V-5-78c-17, V-6-34-17\u2014Bazzania tridens, Delavayella serrata, Heteroscyphus tener, Plagiochila semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, Radula madagascariensis [Bazzania praerupta  Trevis.\u20142030, 2210, 2610, 2670, 2727, 2821, 2835, 2846, 2900, 2957, 3105\u2014Open to partly shaded tree trunks, moist cliffs\u201416, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 24, 26, 27, 29, 31\u2014V-10-24-22, V-11-4-17, V-15-36-18, V-16-10-18, V-17-12-18, V-18-13-18, V-19-35-18, V-5-2-17, V-8-16-17, V-9-15-17\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Cephaloziella willisana, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Delavayella serrata, Herbertus ramosus, Heteroscyphus tener, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Mnioloma fuscum, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. semidecurrens, Pleurozia gigantea, Plicanthus birmensis, Scapania ferruginea, S. ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa.Bazzania recurvolimbata (Steph.) N. Kitag.\u2014Sapa, 1500 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Bazzania tridens  Trevis.\u20141325, 1520, 1840, 2030, 2060, 2210, 2610, 2670, 2727\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to mesic cliffs and boulders, including those near streams, decaying wood, tree trunks, open roots on steep slopes; virtually the most eurytopic species in the flora\u20141, 5, 8, 13, 16, 18, 17, 18, 19, 19, 22\u2014V-1-28-17, V-10-18-17, V-12-18-17, V-15-24-18, V-19-20-18, V-3-25-17, V-4-32-17, V-5-26-17, V-6-37-17\u2014Bazzania japonica, B. ovistipula, B. pearsonii, Calypogeia granulata, Cephalozia siamensis, Delavayella serrata, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Heteroscyphus argutus, H. coalitus, H. tener, Lepidozia faurieana, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. semidecurrens, P. trabeculata, Plectocolea granulata, Radula javanica, Riccardia decrescens, Scapania maxima, Schistochila doriae; as Bazzania oblonga: Phan-si-pan, 2400 m a.s.l. [Bazzania intermedia (Gottsche et Lindenb.) Trevis.: Sapa [Bazzania uncigera  Trevis.\u20141900, 2100\u2014Partly shaded mesic humus on steep slope, tree trunks\u20148, 12\u2014V-1-20-16, V-2-40-16 [Bazzania yakushimensis Horik.\u2014Sapa, 2000 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Blepharostoma minus Horik.\u20141325\u2014Mesic cliffs in part shade\u20141\u2014V-1-27-17. Comment: this report is published in [ished in ; other rCalycularia crispula Mitt.\u20141520, 2030, 2100, 2610, 2846, 2884, 2900, 2957\u2014Partly shaded to open moist to mesic cliffs, rarely decaying wood\u20145, 12, 17, 18, 23, 23, 24, 29\u2014V-12-10-17, V-17-35-18, V-2-68-16, V-20-7-18, V-3-11-17, V-4-47-17, V-9-14-22\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Calypogeia aeruginosa, C. cuspidata, C. granulata, Cephaloziella willisana, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. trabeculata, Scapania metahimalayana, Solenostoma faurieanum [Calypogeia aeruginosa Mitt.\u20142030, 2610, 2846, 2957\u2014Moist to wet, mostly open cliffs\u201421, 24, 26, 29\u2014V-11-12-17, V-17-14-18, V-8-24-17, V-9-54-22\u2014Calycularia crispula, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Herbertus ramosus, Lepidozia faurieana, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila hyalodermica, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. contorta, S. ferruginea, S. metahimalayana, Solenostoma faurieanum, S. suborbiculatum [Calypogeia apiculata (Steph.) Steph.\u20141325, 1410, 1520, 1840, 2210, 2670\u2014Open to partly shaded cliffs and boulders, mostly near streams\u20141, 3, 3, 5, 8, 16, 22\u2014V-1-34-17, V-10-28-17, V-19-27-18, V-2-11-17, V-3-14-17, V-5-16-17\u2014Asperifolia indosinica, Heteroscyphus argutus, H. coalitus, H. zollingeri, Jubula sikkimensis, Lepidozia vitrea, Plectocolea tetragona, Riccardia parvula, Scapania parvitexta [Calypogeia cuspidata (Steph.) Steph.\u20141557, 2835, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded, moist to wet cliffs and boulders near streams\u20145, 29, 31\u2014V-10-32-22, V-8-12-22, V-9-39-22\u2014Asperifolia indosinica, Calycularia crispula, Jubula javanica, Plagiochila trabeculata, Riccardia pumila, Solenostoma rotundatum, S. suborbiculatum. Comment: as we showed before [C. cuspidata from Vietnam with \u201ctrue\u201d C. cuspidata described from Hawaii is not evident.Calypogeia granulata Inoue\u20141410, 1520, 1840, 1900, 2030, 2060, 2100, 2210, 2610, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to mesic cliffs near streams and on steep slopes, rarely sandy stream banks\u20143, 5, 8, 8, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 26, 29\u2014V-1-131-16, V-10-13-17, V-12-5-17, V-2-10-17, V-3-83-17, V-4-1-17, V-5-13-17, V-6-28-17, V-8-60-17, V-9-11-22\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. japonica, B. tridens, Calycularia crispula, Calypogeia tosana, Delavayella serrata, Fuscocephaloziopsis catenulata subsp. nipponica, F. gollanii, Heteroscyphus argutus, H. coalitus, Isotachis japonica, Jackiella javanica, Lepidozia faurieana, L. subtransversa, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. sciophila, P. trabeculata, Plectocolea granulata, P. rosulans, Riccardia parvula, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ligulata, S. maxima, S. ornithopoides, Schiffneria hyalina [Calypogeia japonica Steph.\u20141325, 1350\u2014Open moist cliffs near stream and mesic clay on the edge of rice field\u20141, 2\u2014V-4-22-16, V-1-31-17 [Calypogeia lunata Mitt.\u20141520, 2014, 2210, 2727, 2821, 2846, 3105\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, moist cliffs, including those near streams, once on moist decaying wood in part shade\u20145, 11, 16, 19, 20, 24, 27\u2014V-15-9-18, V-16-11-18, V-17-50-18, V-18-16-18, V-21-18-18, V-3-82-17, V-5-24-17\u2014Cephalozia siamensis, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Isotachis japonica, Lepidozia faurieana, L. omeiensis, Saccogynidium muricellum, Scapania ornithopoides.Calypogeia pseudocuspidata Bakalin, Frank M\u00fcll. et A.V. Troitsky\u20142014, 2957\u2014Moist cliff in part shade\u201411, 29\u2014V-21-17-18 (holotype), V-9-40-22 [-9-40-22 .Calypogeia sinensis Bakalin et Buczk.\u20142014, 3105\u2014Open moist cliffs near stream\u201411, 27\u2014V-18-17-18, V-21-23-18\u2014Delavayella serrata, Lepidozia omeiensis, Plagiochila hyalodermica, Scapania maxima [Calypogeia tosana (Steph.) Steph.\u20141520, 1557, 1900, 2030, 2100, 2670\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist clayish soil and humus, including those covering rocks and near streams\u20145, 8, 12, 22, 26\u2014V-1-16-16, V-2-90-16, V-19-11-18, V-3-73-17, V-8-26-22\u2014Bazzania aff. mayebarae, B. ovistipula, Calypogeia granulata, Sphenolobopsis pearsonii [earsonii .Calypogeia vietnamica Bakalin et Vilnet\u20142030, 2900, 2957, 3050, 3105\u2014Moist cliffs in part shade\u201425, 26, 26, 27, 29\u2014V-18-18-18, V-8-48-17, V-9-23-17 (holotype)\u2014Plagiochila semidecurrens, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ornithopoides [Cephalozia albula Steph.\u20141557, 2014, 2670\u2014Open moist cliffs and boulders near streams\u20145, 11, 22\u2014V-19-2-18, V-21-10-18, V-8-19-22\u2014Jackiella javanica [Cephalozia conchata (Grolle et V\u00e1\u0148a) V\u00e1\u0148a\u20141900, 1995, 2835\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, moist to wet cliffs near streams\u20145, 8, 10, 31\u2014V-1-125-16, V-10-27-22, V-7-10-17\u2014Isotachis japonica, Lepidozia omeiensis, Marsupella vietnamica, Riccardia nagasakiensis, R. pumila, Solenostoma faurieanum [urieanum .Cephalozia hamatiloba Steph.\u20141557, 2030, 2821, 3143\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, moist to wet cliffs\u20145, 20, 26, 30\u2014V-16-1-18, V-3-65-16, V-8-18-22 [Cephalozia siamensis N. Kitag.\u20141410, 1520, 1557, 1840, 1900, 2014, 2030, 2210, 2670\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet fine soil, cliffs and boulders near streams, rarely on partly shaded decaying wood\u20143, 5, 5, 8, 8, 11, 16, 18, 22\u2014V-1-12-16, V-10-20-17, V-19-10-18, V-2-22-17, V-21-9-18, V-3-50-17, V-4-44-17, V-5-62-17, V-8-2-22\u2014Asperifolia indosinica, Bazzania tridens, Calypogeia lunata, Isotachis japonica, Jackiella javanica, Lepidozia faurieana [Cephaloziella willisana (Steph.) N. Kitag.\u20142030, 2060, 2100, 2846, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs\u201412, 24, 29, 18, 13\u2014V-2-137-16, V-17-35-18, V-9-24-22, V-4-2-17, V-6-4-17\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, B. praerupta, Calycularia crispula, Herbertus ramosus, Plagiochila hyalodermica, Scapania ciliatospinosa. Comment: we do not support the synonymy of C. willisana with Cylindrocolea kiaeri following [* ollowing .Cephaloziopsis exigua (Inoue) R.M. Schust. et Inoue\u20141410\u2014Open moist cliff crevice\u20143\u2014V-2-18-17.* Cheilolejeunea imbricata (Nees) S. Hatt.\u20141410\u2014Open mesic branch of living tree\u20143\u2014V-2-12-17\u2014Plagiochila peculiaris, Porella caespitans, Ptychanthus striatus.Cheilolejeunea subopaca (Mitt.) Mizut.\u20142210\u2014Open mesic tree trunk\u201416\u2014V-5-37-17 [-5-37-17 .Chiastocaulon fimbriatum (Mitt.) S.D.F. Patzak, M.A.M. Renner, Sch\u00e4f.-Verw. et Heinrichs\u20141840, 2060\u2014Open mesic tree trunks and partly shaded moist decaying wood\u20148, 13\u2014V-10-43-17, V-6-32-17\u2014Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Heteroscyphus tener, Leucolejeunea turgida, L. soae, L. subfusca, Plagiochila semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, Syzygiella elongella\u2014as Plagiochilion fimbriatum (Mitt.) Inoue [Chiastocaulon mayebarae (S. Hatt.) S.D.F. Patzak, M.A.M. Renner, Sch\u00e4f.-Verw. et Heinrichs\u20142670, 2846\u2014Open mesic cliffs and partly shaded mesic tree trunk\u201422, 24\u2014V-17-22-18, V-19-19-18\u2014as Plagiochilion mayebarae S. Hatt. [Chiastocaulon theriotianum (Steph.) S.D.F. Patzak, M.A.M. Renner, Sch\u00e4f.-Verw. et Heinrichs\u20141840, 2060\u2014Wet cliffs in full sun near stream\u20148, 13\u2014V-6-4-17, V-10-35-17, V-10-36-17\u2014Cylindrocolea recurvifolia, Marsupella vietnamica\u2014as Plagiochilion theriotianum (Steph.) Inoue [Chiloscyphus polyanthos (L.) Corda\u20141325\u2014Wet cliff in part shade\u20141\u2014V-1-40-17 [-1-40-17 .Cololejeunea appressa (A. Evans) Benedix\u20141325\u2014Mesic trunk of living tree in part shade\u20141\u2014V-1-10-17\u2014Cololejeunea hasskarliana.Cololejeunea denticulata (Horik.) S. Hatt.\u20141520, 2100\u2014Partly shaded upper surfaces of the leaves of evergreen shrubs\u2014V-2-27-16, V-3-29-17\u20145, 12\u2014Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, D. commutata [ommutata .Cololejeunea dozyana (Sande Lac.) Schiffn.\u20142100\u2014Partly shaded thin branch of shrub\u201412\u2014V-2-20-16 [-2-20-16 .Cololejeunea haskarliana (Lehm.) Schiffn.\u20141325, 2030\u2014Mesic tree trunks and moist cliff crevices in part shade\u20141, 18\u2014V-1-10-17, V-4-37-17\u2014Cololejeunea appressa, Plagiochila fruticosa.Cololejeunea indica Pand\u00e9 et R.N. Misra\u2014as Cololejeunea cf. planiflora Benedix: Phan-si-pan, 2400 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Cololejeunea peraffinis (Schiffn.) Schiffn.\u2014Phan-si-pan, 2400 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .26\u2014V-8-59-17\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Delavayella serrata, Scapania ciliatospinosa.Cololejeunea schmidtii Steph.\u20142030\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs\u2014Cololejeunea yakusimensis (S. Hatt.) Mizut.\u20141325\u2014Evergreen shrub leaf upper surface, in part shade\u20141\u2014V-1-7-17\u2014Drepanolejeunea commutata.Conocephalum japonicum (Thunb.) Grolle\u20141325, 1350, 1557, 1900\u2014Partly shaded wet cliffs near watercourses, open clayish roadsides and rice field edges\u20141, 2, 5, 8\u2014V-1-137-16, V-4-16-16, V-8-31-22\u2014Wiesnerella denudata [Conocephalum salebrosum Szweyk., Buczk. et Odrzyk.\u20141350\u2014Partly shaded mesic limestone crevice\u20142\u2014V-4-8-16 [Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis (Steph.) Bakalin et Maltseva\u20142030, 2610, 2821, 2835, 2900, 2957, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs\u201417, 20, 23, 26, 29, 30, 31\u2014V-10-21-22, V-12-17-17, V-16-6-18, V-3-61-16, V-8-13-17, V-9-22-17\u2014Bazzania praerupta, Calypogeia aeruginosa, Fuscocephaloziopsis catenulata subsp. nipponica, Herbertus ramosus, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. semidecurrens, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ferruginea, Schistochilopsis setosa [s setosa .Cyathodium cavernarum Kunze\u20141410\u2014Partly shaded moist crevice between boulders near stream\u20143\u2014V-2-1-17 [V-2-1-17 .Cylindrocolea recurvifolia (Steph.) Inoue\u20141520, 1557, 1840, 1995, 2014, 2030, 2100, 2610, 2846, 2957, 3105\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, wet to moist cliffs, including those near streams\u20145, 8, 10, 11, 12, 18, 21, 24, 27, 29\u2014V-2-109-16, V-10-32-17, V-11-9-17, V-17-30-18, V-18-12-18, V-21-1-18, V-3-70-17, V-4-42-17, V-7-15-17, V-8-37-22, V-9-48-22\u2014Chiastocaulon theriotianum, Marsupella vietnamica, Syzygiella elongella [Delavayella serrata Steph.\u20142030, 2060, 2100, 2210, 2610, 2727, 2821, 3105, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded, moist cliffs and decaying wood mostly near streams\u201412, 13, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 26, 27, 30\u2014V-2-81-16, V-3-75-16, V-11-7-17, V-12-11-17, V-15-25-18, V-16-10-18, V-18-17-18, V-5-18-17, V-6-37-17, V-8-58-17\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, B. pearsonii, B. praerupta, B. tridens, Calypogeia granulata, Cololejeunea schmidtii, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Heteroscyphus argutus, H. coalitus, H. tener, Lepidozia omeiensis, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Nowellia curvifolia, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. semidecurrens, Riccardia palmata, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ornithopoides [Diplophyllum albicans (L.) Dumort.\u20142900\u2014Moist cliff in part shade\u201423\u2014V-9-26-17\u2014Diplophyllum trollii [ trollii .Diplophyllum nanum Herzog\u20141900\u2014Partly shaded fine soil of a trail cut and soil-filled crevices in mesic cliffs\u20148\u2014V-1-5-16 [V-1-5-16 .Diplophyllum taxifolium (Wahlenb.) Dumort.\u20142846\u2014Partly shaded mesic cliff crevice\u201424\u2014V-17-29-18\u2014Herbertus armitanus.* Diplophyllum trollii Grolle\u20142900\u2014Moist cliff in part shade\u201423\u2014V-9-26-17\u2014Diplophyllum albicans.* Drepanolejeunea angustifolia (Mitt.) Grolle\u20141520, 1840, 2030, 2060\u2014Open moist cliffs near streams, partly shaded tree trunks, branches, upper surfaces of leaves, rarely decaying wood\u20145, 8, 13, 18\u2014V-10-27-17, V-3-29-17, V-4-28-17, V-6-14-17\u2013 Bazzania angustistipula, Chiastocaulon fimbriatum, Cololejeunea denticulata, Drepanolejeunea commutata, Heteroscyphus tener, Lejeunea flava, L. neelgherriana, Leucolejeunea turgida, Lopholejeunea soae, L. subfusca, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila beddomei, P. semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, Radula cavifolia, R. javanica, Syzygiella elongella; as Drepanolejeunea tenuis (Nees) J.B. Jack et Steph.: Phan-si-pan, 2400 m a.s.l. [Drepanolejeunea commutata Grolle et R.L. Zhu\u20141325, 1520\u2014Partly shaded upper surface of the leaf of evergreen shrub\u20141, 5\u2014V-1-7-17, V-3-29-17\u2013 Cololejeunea denticulata, C. yakusimensis, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia.Drepanolejeunea herzogii R.L. Zhu et M. L. So\u20141900, 2100, 2670\u2014Open mesic trunk of living tree, partly shaded leaf surface and thin branches of shrubs\u20148, 12, 22\u2014V-1-33-16, V-2-18b-16, V-19-25-18 [19-25-18 .Drepanolejeunea ternatensis (Gottsche) Steph.\u20141410, 2030\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree trunks and branches\u20143, 18\u2014V-2-13-17, V-4-70-17\u2014Herbertus dicranus, Lejeunea flava, L. tuberculosa, Plagiochila pulcherrima, Radula cavifolia.Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw.) Nees\u20141325, 1350, 1520, 1900\u2014Mesic to wet cliffs, including those of limestone rocks, mostly near streams\u20141, 2, 5, 8\u2014V-1-37-17, V-3-61-17, V-4-9-16\u2014Pellia endiviifolia.Frullania apiculata  Dumort.\u20141840, 1900\u20132100, 2060\u2014Open to partly shaded tree trunks and branches\u20148, 12, 13\u2014V-10-52-17, V-2-38-16, V-6-7-17\u2014Frullania nepalensis.Frullania ericoides (Nees) Mont.\u2014as Frullania squarrosa (Nees ex Mont.) Nees, Sapa, 1780 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Frullania meyeniana Lindenb.\u2014Sapa, 1780 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Frullania moniliata  Mont.\u20141565, 1840\u2014Open to partly shaded cliffs, including those made of limestone and near streams\u20148, 15\u2014V-10-4-17, V-11-20-22\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Plagiochila beddomei; Sapa, 1600 m a.s.l. [Frullania iwatsukii subsp. vietnamica S. Hatt.: \u201cLeg. polonicus.\u201d, Vietnam, Montes Hoang-Lien-Son, 1650 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. ; as Frulm a.s.l. .Frullania motoyana Steph.\u20141620, 2900\u2014Open dry cliffs and mesic tree trunks\u20146, 23\u2014V-13-13-17, V-9-3-17\u2014Frullania pocsantha, Herbertus dicranus.Frullania nepalensis (Spreng.) Lehm. et Lindenb.\u20141410, 1520, 1565, 1620, 1700-1900, 1900-2100, 2014, 2030, 2060, 2210, 2610, 2670\u2014Open to partly shaded tree trunks and branches\u20143, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 22\u2014V-1-37-16, V-11-13-22, V-12-3-17, V-13-17-17, V-19-34-18, V-2-14-17, V-2-38-16, V-21-20-18, V-3-56-17, V-4-55-17, V-5-33-17, V-6-15-17\u2014Acrolejeunea infuscata, Bazzania ovistipula, Frullania apiculata, Plagiochila pulcherrima, P. semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis; as Frullania nishiyamensis Steph.: Sapa [Frullania obscura (Sw.) Dumort.\u20141565\u2014Mesic tree branches in part shade\u201415\u2014V-11-11-22\u2014Acrolejeunea sandvicensis, Frullania pocsantha, Lejeunea flava; as Frullania wallichiana Mitt.: 1730 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Frullania pocsantha Thaithong et S. Hatt.\u20141565, 1620\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree branches\u20146, 15\u2014V-11-15-22, V-13-10-17 (our collections may be topotypes)\u2014Acrolejeunea sandvicensis, Frullania motoyana, F. obscura, Lejeunea flava; Petelot 32, 1927/1929, Vietnam, Montes Hoang-Lien-Son, prope opp. Sapa, prov. Lao-cai, 1600\u20131800 m (Holotype: NICH) [Frullania physantha Mitt.: Sapa [Frullania cf. ramuligera (Nees) Mont.\u2014Sapa, 2000 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Frullania serrata Gottsche\u20141700\u20131900, 1840\u2014Mesic open tree trunks and branches\u20148\u2014V-1-41-16, V-10-15-17.Frullania tagawana (S. Hatt. et Thaithong) S. Hatt.\u20142835\u2014Mesic Rhododendron branch in part shade\u201431\u2014V-10-15a-22\u2013 Radula cavifolia, Vietnamiella epiphytica.* Frullania yuennanensis Steph.\u20141620, 1840, 1900, 2060, 2100, 2210, 2610\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded tree trunks and branches, including those on fallen decaying trunks\u20146, 8, 12, 13, 16, 17\u2014V-1-54-16, V-2-16-16, V-10-14-17, V-12-2-17, V-13-16-17, V-5-38-17, V-6-19-17\u2014Plagiochila semidecurrens, P. subtropica, Ptychanthus striatus, Radula madagascariensis [Fuscocephaloziopsis catenulata subsp. nipponica (S. Hatt.) V\u00e1\u0148a et L. S\u00f6derstr.\u20142030, 2060, 2100, 3143\u2014Partly shaded moist cliffs, humus on steep slope and decaying wood\u201412, 13, 18, 30\u2014V-2-94-16, V-3-91-16, V-4-25-17, V-6-23-17\u2014Calypogeia granulata, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Heteroscyphus argutus, Schiffneria hyalina, Schistochilopsis setosa [Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii (Steph.) V\u00e1\u0148a et L. S\u00f6derstr.\u20141557, 2957, 1520, 2014, 2030, 2610, 2670, 2727, 2846, 2900, 2957, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded moist, rarely wet, cliffs and boulders including those near streams, humus covering rocks\u20145, 11, 17, 19, 22, 23, 24, 26, 29, 30\u2014V-3-73-16, V-8-10-22, V-9-11-22, V-12-12-17, V-15-1-18, V-17-2-18, V-19-15-18, V-21-18-18, V-3-45-17, V-3-73-16, V-8-21-17, V-9-15-22, V-9-36-17\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Bazzania ovistipula, B. tridens, Calycularia crispula, Calypogeia granulata, C. lunata, Delavayella serrata, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Jubula javanica, Kurzia borneensis, K. makinoana, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Metzgeria leptoneura, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. sciophila, Radula cavifolia, Scapania ornithopoides, Schiffneria hyalina, Schistochilopsis setosa [Gymnomitrion rubidum (Mitt.) V\u00e1\u0148a, Crand.-Stotl. et Stotler\u20142670\u2014Open mesic stump in scattered Abies delavayi forest\u201422\u2014V-19-6-18 [Haplomitrium mnioides (Lindb.) R.M. Schust.\u20141520, 1557\u2014Open wet cliffs and partly shaded moist cliff cave near streams\u20145\u2014V-3-16-17, V-8-35-22.Herbertus armitanus (Steph.) H.A. Mill.\u20142030, 2610, 2670, 2727, 2821, 2835, 2846, 2884, 2900, 3143\u2014Mostly open, rarely partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs, tree trunk and branches\u201418, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 30, 31\u2014V-10-22-22, V-11-8-17, V-15-13-18, V-16-27-18, V-17-11-18, V-19-38-18, V-20-8-18, V-3-19-16, V-4-9-17, V-8-57-17, V-9-1-17\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Aneura pinguis, Bazzania ovistipula, Diplophyllum taxifolium, Lepidozia omeiensis, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Mnioloma fuscum, Mylia vietnamica, Plagiochila semidecurrens, P. trabeculata, Plicanthus hirtellus, Scapania contorta, S. ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa.Herbertus dicranus  Trevis.\u20141410, 2030, 2835, 2884, 2900, 3105\u2014Open, dry to mesic cliffs, tree trunks and branches, rarely moist decaying wood\u20143, 18, 23, 26, 27, 31\u2014V-10-13-22, V-18-21-18, V-2-13-17, V-20-2-18, V-4-27-17, V-8-78-17, V-9-3-17\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, Drepanolejeunea ternatensis, Frullania motoyana, Heteroscyphus tener, Lejeunea flava, Plagiochila beddomei, P. gracilis, P. peculiaris, P. semidecurrens, Pleurozia subinflata, Plicanthus birmensis, Radula cavifolia.Herbertus ramosus (Steph.) H.A. Mill.\u20141520, 1995, 2030, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded, mostly moist, rarely mesic cliffs, rarely tree branches\u20145, 10, 26, 29\u2014V-3-48-17, V-7-1-17, V-8-11-17, V-9-1-22\u2014Bazzania praerupta, Calypogeia aeruginosa, Cephaloziella willisana, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Leucolejeunea turgida, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. semidecurrens, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ferruginea; Phan-si-pan, 2500\u20133000 m a.s.l. [Heteroscyphus argutus (Nees) Schiffn.\u20141325, 1410, 1520, 1557, 1840, 2030, 2060, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded moist, rarely mesic, cliffs, boulders and fine soil, mostly near streams, partly shaded moist decaying wood\u20141, 3, 5, 8, 13, 16, 18\u2014V-1-33-17, V-10-24-17, V-2-31-17, V-3-26-17, V-4-34-17, V-5-17-17, V-6-28-17, V-8-20-22\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, B. tridens, Calypogeia apiculata, C. granulata, Delavayella serrata, Fuscocephaloziopsis catenulata subsp. nipponica, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Jubula javanica, Metzgeria lindbergii, Nowellia curvifolia, Plagiochila trabeculata, Radula apiculata, Riccardia parvula, Schiffneria hyalina, Schistochila doriae.Heteroscyphus coalitus (Hook.) Schiffn.\u20141325, 1410, 1520, 1557, 1840, 2014, 2030, 2210, 2670, 2727, 2835\u2014Wet to moist, rarely mesic, cliffs and boulders in part shade to open places, mostly near streams\u20141, 3, 5, 8, 11, 16, 18, 19, 22, 31\u2014V-1-44-17, V-10-13-17, V-10-31-22, V-15-6-18, V-19-32-18, V-2-11-17, V-21-18-18, V-3-17-17, V-4-20-17, V-5-17-17, V-8-27-22\u2014Bazzania japonica, B. ovistipula, B. tridens, Calypogeia apiculata, C. granulata, C. lunata, Delavayella serrata, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Heteroscyphus argutus, H. zollingeri, Jackiella javanica, Lepidozia faurieana, L. vitrea, Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Nowellia curvifolia, Pellia endiviifolia, Plectocolea tetragona, Riccardia decrescens, R. flavovirens, R. parvula, Saccogynidium muricellum, Scapania maxima, S. ornithopoides, Schistochila doriae, Trichocolea pluma, T. tomentella; as Heteroscyphus communis (Steph.) Schiffn.: Phan-si-pan, 1800, 2400 m a.s.l. [Heteroscyphus tener (Steph.) Schiffn.\u20141840, 1900, 2030, 2060, 2100, 2210, 2610, 2670, 2821, 2835, 2846, 2884, 2900, 2957\u2014Mostly partly shaded to open moist to mesic tree trunks and branches, rarely moist decaying wood and moist cliffs\u20148, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 24, 29, 31\u2014V-1-50-16, V-2-133-16, V-10-10-22, V-12-18-17, V-16-10-18, V-17-8-18, V-19-18-18, V-20-2-18, V-4-50-17, V-5-39-17, V-6-2-17, V-9-2-17, V-9-6-22\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. ovistipula, B. pearsonii, B. praerupta, B. tridens, Chiastocaulon fimbriatum, Delavayella serrata, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Herbertus dicranus, Leucolejeunea turgida, Lopholejeunea subfusca, Metzgeria leptoneura, Plagiochila gracilis, P. semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, P. hirtellus, Porella campylophylla, Radula inouei, R. javanica, R. madagascariensis, Syzygiella elongella [Heteroscyphus wettsteinii Schiffner\u20141565\u2014Mesic limestone cliff in part shade\u201415\u2014V-11-23-22\u2014Comment: the species is somewhat similar from the dorsal view to Plagiochila nepalensis, although immediately different in having large and dentate underleaves. The species is characterized by opposite connate dorsally leaves, with three main teeth in the leaf apex and one to several teeth to the base of the ventral side (in conjunction with underleaf). Some features observed in studied specimen are atypical: teeth are present on ventral side of the leaf, underleaf rather shortly bilobed and each lobe is toothed (not simply acute). The \u201ctrue\u201d H. wettsteinii is distributed in Java, Borneo and Papua New Guinea; therefore, the present specimen may belong to another taxon.* Heteroscyphus zollingeri (Gottsche) Schiffn.\u20141520\u2014Open to partly shaded, moist to mesic cliffs near streams\u20145\u2014V-3-71-17\u2013 Calypogeia apiculata, Heteroscyphus coalitus.Isotachis japonica Steph.\u20141995, 2014, 2060, 2610, 2821, 2100, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded, most to wet and submerged cliffs and sandy soil near or in the beds of streams, rarely moist decaying wood\u201410, 11, 12, 13, 16, 20, 21\u2014V-11-18-17, V-16-19-18, V-21-7-18, V-6-11-17, V-7-18-17, V-2-143-16, V-5-13-17, V-6-36-17\u2013 Calypogeia granulata, C. lunata, Cephalozia conchata, C. siamensis, Jackiella javanica, Lepidozia faurieana, Scapania ligulata\u2014Pha-si-Pan, 2700 m a.s.l.; Sapa, 2000 m a.s.l. [Jackiella javanica Schiffn.\u20141325, 1410, 1520, 1557, 2030, 2060, 2210\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, moist to wet and mesic clayish soil in roadsides, soil covering rocks and cliffs\u20141, 3, 5, 13, 16, 18\u2014V-1-13-17, V-2-24-17, V-3-20-17, V-4-43-17, V-5-13-17, V-6-10-17, V-8-22-22\u2014Calypogeia granulata, Cephalozia albula, C. siamensis, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Isotachis japonica, Kurzia borneensis, Plectocolea ariadne, P. tetragona, Solenostoma appressifolium.Jubula javanica Steph.\u20141325, 1520, 1840, 2210, 2670, 2835, 2846, 2900, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs and those covered in humus and fine soil\u20141, 5, 8, 16, 22, 23, 24, 29, 31\u2014V-1-42-17, V-10-24-17, V-10-32-22, V-17-54-18, V-19-12-18, V-3-13-17, V-5-15-17, V-9-15-22\u2014Calypogeia cuspidata, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Heteroscyphus argutus, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Metzgeria leptoneura, Plagiochila sciophila, Radula apiculata, R. kojana, Solenostoma suborbiculatum.Jubula sikkimensis Steph.\u20142670, 2846\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to mesic cliffs and boulders near stream and humus covering rocks\u201422, 24\u2014V-17-1-18, V-19-27-18\u2014Calypogeia apiculata, Metzgeria leptoneura. Comment: the species is characterized by pyxidate lobules, narrowed to the mouth, and sparse dentation of leaf lobes. The species has highly questionable status and further study is needed to clarify the situation.* Kurzia borneensis Mizut.\u20141410, 1520, 1557, 1840, 2210, 2610, 2727\u2014Partly shaded, rarely open, moist to mesic cliffs and boulders in narrow valleys, including sites near streams\u20143, 5, 8, 16, 19, 21\u2014V-10-12-17, V-11-5-17, V-15-5-18, V-2-24-17, V-3-23-17, V-5-12-17, V-8-3-22\u2014Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Jackiella javanica, Plectocolea granulata, Saccogynidium muricellum, Scapania undulata.* Kurzia geniculata Mizut.\u20141900\u2014Partly shaded moist humus on steep slope\u20148\u2014V-1-19-16 [-1-19-16 .Kurzia lineariloba Mizut.\u20142100\u2014Partly shaded moist cliffs\u201412\u2014V-2-111-16 [2-111-16 .Kurzia makinoana (Steph.) Grolle\u20141900, 1995, 2014, 2030, 2100, 2210, 2610, 2835, 2900, 3105, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded cliffs and boulders, including those near streams\u20148, 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, 23, 26, 27, 30, 31\u2014V-1-77-16, V-2-103-16, V-3-8-16, V-10-17-22, V-12-14-17, V-18-5-18, V-21-17-18, V-5-75-17, V-7-2-17, V-8-31-17, V-9-36-17\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. ovistipula, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Plagiochila trabeculata, Scapania maxima, S. metahimalayana, S. ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa, Syzygiella autumnalis [Lejeunea alata Gottsche\u20142210\u2014Moist decaying branch of fallen tree\u201416\u2014V-5-48-17.Lejeunea cocoes Mitt.\u20141900\u2014Partly shaded mesic decaying wood\u20148\u2014V-1-32-16 [-1-32-16 .Lejeunea eifrigii Mizut.\u20142100\u2014Partly shaded thin mesic tree branch\u201412\u2014V-2-15-16 [-2-15-16 .Lejeunea flava (Sw.) Nees\u20141410, 1520, 1565, 1840, 2030, 2060, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic, rarely moist, tree trunks and branches of living and decaying trees, including fallen trees\u20143, 5, 8, 13, 15, 16, 18\u2014V-10-47-17, V-11-12-22, V-2-13-17, V-3-55-17, V-4-49-17, V-5-25-17, V-6-38-17\u2014Acrolejeunea sandvicensis, Bazzania angustistipula, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, D. ternatensis, Frullania obscura, F. pocsantha, Herbertus dicranus, Lejeunea parva, L. tuberculosa, Leucolejeunea xanthocarpa, Lopholejeunea nigricans, L. soae, L. subfusca, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila beddomei, P. gracilis, P. pulcherrima, Ptychanthus striatus, Radula cavifolia, R. javanica, Spruceanthus semirepandus.Lejeunea japonica Mitt.\u20141520, 2210\u2014Open moist cliffs near streams and partly shaded upper surface of evergreen shrub leaf\u20145, 16\u2014V-3-69-17, V-5-45-17.* Lejeunea magohukui Mizut.\u20141325, 1620\u2014Partly shaded upper surface of leaf and mesic limestone cliff\u20141, 6\u2014V-1-6-17, V-13-24-17.Lejeunea neelgherriana Gottsche\u20141520, 1565, 2030\u2014Mesic partly shaded limestone cliffs, decaying wood, rarely wet boulders near stream\u20145, 15, 18\u2014V-11-24-22, V-3-62-17, V-4-28-17\u2014Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Lejeunea pallidevirens, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila beddomei, P. semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, Porella densifolia, P. perrottetiana, Radula apiculata, R. cavifolia [Lejeunea obscura Mitt.\u20141325, 1410, 1520, 1565\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs, branches of living and decaying trees and shrubs, clayish road cuts\u20141, 3, 5, 15\u2014V-1-15-17, V-11-18-22, V-2-20-17, V-3-34-17\u2014Plagiochila sciophila.Lejeunea pallidevirens S. Hatt.\u20141520, 1900, 2030, 2100\u2014Open mesic to moist cliffs near streams, bark of living tree trunks, decaying tree trunk, rarely leaf surfaces\u20145, 8, 12, 18\u2014V-1-23-16, V-2-59-16, V-3-66-17, V-4-57-17\u2014Lejeunea neelgherriana [Lejeunea papilionacea Steph. Ex Prantl\u20141325, 1520, 1620\u2014Open mesic tree trunks, roots and limestone cliffs\u20141, 5, 6\u2014V-1-1-17, V-13-3-17, V-3-30-17\u2014Lejeunea tuberculosa.Lejeunea parva (S. Hatt.) Mizut.\u20141620, 2030, 2210, 2835, 3050, 3143\u2014Partly shaded moist to mesic decaying wood, branches of living trees, rarely limestone outcrops\u20146, 16, 18, 26, 30, 31\u2014V-3-42a-16, V-10-11-22, V-13-29-17, V-4-11-17, V-5-25-17, V-8-1-17\u2014Lejeunea flava, Metzgeria leptoneura, Plagiochila semidecurrens, P. subtropica, Radula apiculata, Spruceanthus semirepandus [Lejeunea subacuta Mitt.\u20141840, 2060\u2014Mesic partly shaded cliffs and open tree trunks\u20148, 13\u2014V-10-2-17, V-6-30-17.Lejeunea tuberculosa Steph.\u20141325, 1520, 1840, 2030\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic cliffs and tree trunks\u20141, 5, 8, 18\u2014V-1-1-17, V-10-49-17, V-3-1-17, V-4-23-17\u2014Drepanolejeunea ternatensis, Lejeunea flava, L. papilionacea, Lopholejeunea eulopha, L. nigricans, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila pulcherrima, Ptychanthus striatus.Lepidozia faurieana Steph.\u20141410, 1520, 1557, 1840, 1900, 1995, 2014, 2030, 2100, 2210, 2670\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs and boulders, including those covered in sandy soil, mostly near watercourses\u20143, 5, 8, 10, 11, 12, 16, 18, 22, 26\u2014V-1-120-16, V-2-118-16, V-10-18-17, V-19-28-18, V-2-19-17, V-21-9-18, V-3-94-17, V-4-15-17, V-5-72-17, V-7-23-17, V-8-17-22\u2014Bazzania japonica, B. tridens, Calypogeia aeruginosa, C. granulata, C. lunata, Cephalozia siamensis, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Isotachis japonica, Plagiochila semidecurrens, Scapania contorta, S. maxima [Lepidozia omeiensis P.C. Chen ex Mizut. et G.C. Zhang\u20141900, 2727, 2835, 2846, 3105, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs and boulders, mostly near watercourses\u20148, 5, 19, 24, 27, 30, 31\u2014V-1-125-16, V-3-66-16, V-10-34-22, V-15-30-18, V-17-31-18, V-18-14-18\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Calypogeia lunata, Cephalozia conchata, Delavayella serrata, Herbertus armitanus, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Mnioloma fuscum, Mylia vietnamica, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. trabeculata, Riccardia pumila, Schistochilopsis setosa [Lepidozia subintegra Lindenb.\u20141520\u2014Mesic branch of tree, in part shade\u20145\u2014V-3-57-17 [-3-57-17 .Lepidozia subtransversa Steph.\u20141995, 2030, 2900, 2957, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs\u201410, 23, 26, 29, 30\u2014V-3-90-16, V-7-6-17, V-8-68-17, V-9-17-22, V-9-21-22\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. japonica, Calypogeia granulata, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila trabeculata, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa [Lepidozia trichodes  Nees\u2014Phan-si-pan, 2100 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Lepidozia vitrea Steph.\u20141410, 1840, 1900, 2210, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded cliffs and boulders, including those near streams\u20143, 8, 16, 30\u2014V-1-99-16, V-3-79-16, V-10-29-17, V-2-30-17, V-5-16-17\u2014Calypogeia apiculata, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Plectocolea rosulans, P. tetragona, Riccardia nagasakiensis, R. parvula [Leptolejeunea balansae Steph.\u20142030\u2014Open mesic tree trunk\u201418\u2014V-4-46-17.Leptolejeunea elliptica (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Besch.\u20141565\u2014Partly shaded mesic leaf of shrub\u201415\u2014V-11-1-22\u2014Lejeunea flava.Leptolejeunea latifolia Herzog\u20142100\u2014Partly shaded thin tree branch\u2014V-2-18k-16\u201412 [8k-16\u201412 .Leucolejeunea paroica N. Kitag.\u20141900, 2100\u2014Partly shaded tree trunks and branches\u20148, 12\u2014V-1-56-16, V-2-6-16; as Cheilolejeunea kitagawae W. Ye et R.L. Zhu [R.L. Zhu .Leucolejeunea turgida (Mitt.) Verd.\u20141840, 2210, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded, moist to mesic tree trunk branches, decaying wood and cliffs\u20148, 16, 29\u2014V-10-27-17, V-5-51-17, V-9-1-22\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. himalayana, Chiastocaulon fimbriatum, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Herbertus ramosus, Heteroscyphus tener, Plagiochila semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, Radula cavifolia.Leucolejeunea xanthocarpa (Lehm. et Lindenb.) A. Evans\u20141620, 2060\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree trunks\u20146, 13\u2014V-13-19-17, V-6-38-17\u2014Lejeunea flava, Lopholejeunea subfusca, Microlejeunea punctiformis.Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis Furuki et D.G. Long\u20141520, 1900\u2014Partly shaded wet cliffs near streams, including waterfalls\u20145, 8\u2014V-1-135-16, V-3-51-17\u2014Heteroscyphus coalitus, Plectocolea tetragona, Riccardia decrescens [crescens .Lophocolea bidentata (L.) Dumort.\u20142846\u2014Open moist humus covering cliff\u201424\u2014V-17-52-18.Lophocolea heterophylla (Schrad.) Dumort.\u20141520\u2014Open moist cliff near stream\u20145\u2014V-3-77-17.Lophocolea minor Nees\u20142030, 2210\u2014Partly shaded moist to mesic decaying wood\u201416, 18\u2014V-4-12-17, V-5-22-17.Lopholejeunea eulopha (Taylor) Schiffn.\u20142030\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree trunk\u201418\u2014V-4-66-17\u2014Lejeunea tuberculosa.Lopholejeunea nigricans (Lindenb.) Steph. ex Schiffn.\u20141840, 2030\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree trunks\u20148, 18\u2014V-10-49-17, V-4-68-17\u2014Lejeunea flava, L. tuberculosa, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila nepalensis, P. pulcherrima, Porella acutifolia, Ptychanthus striatus; Sapa, 1600, 1700 m a.s.l. [Lopholejeunea soae R.L. Zhu et Gradst.\u20141840\u2014Open mesic tree trunks\u20148\u2014V-10-43-17\u2014Chiastocaulon fimbriatum, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Lejeunea flava, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Radula cavifolia.Lopholejeunea subfusca (Nees) Schiffn.\u20141325, 1565, 2060\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree trunks, rarely moist decaying wood\u20141, 13, 15\u2014V-1-12-17, V-11-9-22, V-6-32-17\u2014Chiastocaulon fimbriatum, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Heteroscyphus tener, Lejeunea flava, Leucolejeunea xanthocarpa, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, Syzygiella elongella.Lopholejeunea zollingeri (Prantl) Steph. ex Schiffn.\u20142100\u2014Partly shaded tree trunk\u201412\u2014V-2-50-16 [-2-50-16 .Makinoa crispata (Steph.) Miyake\u20141557\u2014Open moist sandy soil and wet cliffs near streams\u20145\u2014V-8-14-22.Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume et Nees ssp. tosana (Steph.) Bischl.\u20141325, 1520, 1620\u2014Open mesic to moist sandy soil on road cuts and steep slopes, partly shaded cliff crevices in limestone outcrops\u20141, 5, 6\u2014V-1-14-17, V-13-7-17, V-3-12-17.Marchantia paleacea Bertol.\u20141325, 1350, 1800\u2014Open mesic to moist road cuts and rice field edges\u20141, 2, 4\u2014V-1-20-17, V-10a-2-17, V-4-15-16.Marchantia papillata subsp. grossibarba (Steph.) Bischl.\u20141350, 1557, 1900\u2014Open moist to wet cliffs (including those of limestone) and boulders near stream\u20142, 5, 8\u2014V-1-4-16, V-4-3-16, V-8-42-22 [Marchantia polymorpha L.\u20143105\u2014Open moist humus on slope\u201427\u2014V-18-8-18.Marsupella stoloniformis N. Kitag.\u20142610, 2727, 2821, 2835, 2957\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, mesic, moist and wet cliffs near streams\u201419, 20, 21, 29, 31\u2014V-10-28-22, V-11-11-17, V-15-22-18, V-16-17-18, V-9-44-22\u2014Marsupella vietnamica, Scapania ligulata, Solenostoma suborbiculatum, Sphenolobopsis pearsonii.Marsupella vietnamica Bakalin et Fedosov\u20141840, 1995, 2610, 2727, 2821, 2900\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded moist to wet cliffs and boulders near streams and in the streambeds\u20148, 10, 12, 19, 20, 21, 23, 31\u2014V-10-22-17, V-11-15a-17, V-15-34-18, V-16-22-18, V-7-13-17, V-9-33-17, V-10-27-22, V-2-101-16\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Cephalozia conchata, Chiastocaulon theriotianum, Cylindrocolea recurvifolia, Marsupella stoloniformis, Scapania contorta, S. undulata, Solenostoma suborbiculatum, S. faurieanum.Mastigophora diclados (Brid. ex F. Weber) Nees\u20141520\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree branch\u20145\u2014V-3-54-17.Mastigophora woodsii (Hook.) Nees\u20141995, 2014\u2014Open moist cliffs near stream\u201410, 11\u2014V-21-21-18, V-7-12-17 [Metacalypogeia alternifolia (Nees) Grolle\u20141840, 1995, 2030, 2210, 2610, 2670, 2821, 2846, 2900, 2957, 3105, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs and boulders, including those near streams\u20148, 10, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 30\u2014V-10-1-17, V-11-1-17, V-12-9-17, V-16-13-18, V-17-23-18, V-18-15-18, V-19-29-18, V-3-19-16, V-5-19-17, V-7-7-17, V-8-20-17, V-9-11-22, V-9-74-22\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Bazzania angustistipula, B. japonica, B. ovistipula, B. praerupta, Calycularia crispula, Calypogeia aeruginosa, C. granulata, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Delavayella serrata, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Herbertus armitanus, H. ramosus, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Jubula javanica, Lepidozia omeiensis, L. subtransversa, Metzgeria leptoneura, M. lindbergii, Mnioloma fuscum, Mylia vietnamica, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. sciophila, P. semidecurrens, P. trabeculata, Plicanthus hirtellus, Pseudolepicolea andoi, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ferruginea, S. ligulata, S. maxima, S. metahimalayana, S. ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa, Solenostoma faurieanum [Metzgeria consanguinea Schiffn.\u20141410, 2100, 3143\u2014Mesic open cliffs and partly shaded thin branches of trees\u20143, 12, 28, 30\u2014V-2-17a-16, V-2-8-17, V-3-42d-16.Metzgeria leptoneura Spruce\u20142670, 2821, 2835, 2846, 2900, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs and boulders, including those covered in humus and near streams, rarer mesic tree trunks in part shade\u201420, 22, 23, 24, 29, 31\u2014V-10-11-22, V-16-25-18, V-17-17-18, V-19-44-18, V-9-13-22, V-9-19-17\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Heteroscyphus tener, Jubula javanica, J. sikkimensis, Lejeunea parva, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila sciophila, P. semidecurrens, Porella campylophylla [Metzgeria lindbergii Schiffn.\u20141520, 1840, 2210\u2014Open to shaded moist cliffs in deep valleys, including those near streams\u20145, 8, 16\u2014V-10-1-17, V-3-33-17, V-5-65-17\u2014Heteroscyphus argutus, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila flexuosa, P. trabeculata, Porella campylophylla; as Metzgeria conjugata subsp. japonica (S. Hatt.) Kuwah.: Phan-si-pan, 2400 m a.s.l. [Metzgeria pubescens (Schrank) Raddi\u2014as Apometzgeria pubescens (Schrank) Kuwah.: Phan-si-pan, 2400 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Microlejeunea punctiformis (Taylor) Steph.\u20141840, 2030, 2060\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree trunks and decaying wood\u20148, 13, 18\u2014V-10-47-17, V-4-28-17, V-6-38-17\u2014Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Lejeunea flava, L. neelgherriana, L. tuberculosa, Leucolejeunea xanthocarpa, Lopholejeunea nigricans, L. soae, L. subfusca, Plagiochila beddomei, P. semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, Ptychanthus striatus, Radula cavifolia; Sapa 1650, Phan-si-pan 2400 [pan 2400 .Mnioloma fuscum (Lehm.) R.M. Schust.\u20141557, 2100, 2610, 2846\u2014Open mesic to moist cliffs and boulders, including those near streams\u20145, 12, 21, 24\u2014V-2-106-16, V-11-4-17, V-17-31-18, V-8-13-22\u2014Aneura pinguis, Bazzania praerupta, Herbertus armitanus, Lepidozia omeiensis, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila semidecurrens, Scapania ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa [Mylia vietnamica Bakalin et Vilnet\u20142846, 2884, 2900, 3105, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to mesic cliffs\u201423, 24, 27, 30\u2014V-17-11-18, V-18-14-18, V-20-8-18, V-3-17a-16, V-9-16-17\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Aneura pinguis, Bazzania ovistipula, Herbertus armitanus, Lepidozia omeiensis, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plicanthus hirtellus, Scapania contorta, S. ornithopoides [hopoides .Neolepidozia papulosa (Steph.) Fulford et J.Taylor\u20141557\u2014Partly shaded mesic boulder\u20145\u2014V-8-5-22.* Neolepidozia wallichiana (Gottsche) Fulford et J. Taylor\u20142100\u2014Partly shaded mesic decaying wood\u201412\u2014V-2-76-16 [-2-76-16 .Notoscyphus lutescens (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Mitt.\u20141520\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic sandstone cliffs near watercourses\u20145\u2014V-3-27-17.Nowellia curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt.\u20141900, 2030, 2060, 2100, 2210, 2610\u2014Partly shaded moist decaying wood, open mesic cliffs, rarely open mesic tree trunks and partly shaded tree roots\u20148, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18\u2014V-1-29-16, V-2-70-16, V-12-21-17, V-4-30-17, V-5-21-17, V-6-16-17\u2014Delavayella serrata, Heteroscyphus argutus, H. coalitus [Odontoschisma grosseverrucosum Steph.\u20141557\u2014Partly shaded mesic boulder\u20145\u2014V-8-4-22.Pallavicinia levieri Schiffn.\u20141520, 2821\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet boulders along stream\u20145, 20\u2014V-16-15-18, V-3-60-17.Pallavicinia subciliata (Austin) Steph.\u20141325, 1350, 1410, 1557, 1840, 1900, 2060, 2100\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs and boulders also covered in soil, sandy and fine soils mostly along streams\u20141, 2, 3, 5, 8, 12, 13\u2014V-1-11-16, V-1-32-17, V-10-9-17, V-2-16-17, V-2-2-16, V-4-10-16, V-6-5-17, V-8-25-22 [Pellia endiviifolia (Dicks.) Dumort.\u20141325, 1520, 1557, 1840\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs and soil, mostly along streams\u20141, 5, 8\u2014V-1-38-17, V-10-30-17, V-3-3-17, V-8-33-22\u2014Dumortiera hirsuta, Heteroscyphus coalitus.Plagiochasma cordatum Lehm. et Lindenb.\u20141350, 1565\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to dry limestone cliffs and their detritus\u20142, 15\u2014V-11-2-22, V-4-36-16 [Plagiochasma japonicum (Steph.) C. Massal.\u20141350, 1620\u2014Open dry to mesic limestone cliffs and limestone detritus\u20142, 6\u2014V-13-33-17, V-4-26-16 [Plagiochasma rupestre (J.R. Forst. et G. Forst.) Steph.\u20141350\u2014Partly shaded mesic limestone cliff crevices\u20142\u2014V-4-7-16.Plagiochila assamica Steph.\u20141900, 2030, 2100\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree trunk\u20148, 12, 18\u2014V-1-48-16, V-2-45-16, V-4-60-17\u2014Bazzania japonica, B. ovistipula, B. tridens [Plagiochila beddomei Steph.\u20141565, 1840, 2030, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic cliffs (including those of limestone), decaying wood and rarely tree trunk\u20148, 15, 16, 18, 26\u2014V-10-4-17, V-11-29-22, V-4-28-17, V-5-40-17, V-8-27-17\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. ovistipula, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Frullania moniliata, Herbertus dicranus, Lejeunea flava, L. neelgherriana, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila gracilis, P. semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, P. hirtellus, Radula cavifolia, Scapania maxima [Plagiochila chenii Grolle et M.L. So\u20141900\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree trunk\u20148\u2014V-1-62-16 [-1-62-16 .Plagiochila chinensis Steph.\u2014as Plagiochila wilsoniana Steph.: Sapa, 1785 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila devexa Steph.\u20142100\u2014Partly shaded mesic cliffs\u201412\u2014V-2-117a-16 [-117a-16 .Plagiochila durelii Schiffn.\u20142030, 2610, 2670, 2835\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to mesic cliffs, tree trunks, branches and decaying wood\u201417, 18, 22, 26, 31\u2014V-10-4-22, V-12-1-17, V-19-14-18, V-4-69-17, V-8-8-17.Plagiochila flexuosa Mitt.\u20141325, 1520, 1557, 1620, 2014, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet, rarely mesic, cliffs\u20141, 5, 11, 16\u2014V-1-26-17, V-21-6-18, V-3-93-17, V-5-61-17, V-8-28-22\u2014Metzgeria lindbergii, Porella campylophylla; Phan-si-pan, 2400 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila fruticosa Mitt.\u20141840, 2030, 2210, 2670\u2014Open to partly shaded cliffs and boulders, including those near stream, mesic tree trunks\u20148, 16, 18, 22\u2014V-10-10-17, V-19-45-18, V-4-37-17, V-5-35-17\u2014Cololejeunea haskarliana, Plagiochila pulcherrima, Plectocolea rosulans; Phan-si-pan, 2400 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. ; Sapa, 1Plagiochila gracilis Lindenb. et Gottsche\u20141840, 2030, 2100, 2727, 2821, 2957, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree trunks (including bamboo stems) and branches, rarely decaying wood and moist cliffs\u20148, 12, 18, 19, 20, 29, 30\u2014V-2-29-16, V-3-50-16, V-10-50-17, V-15-14-18, V-16-3-18, V-4-49-17, V-9-3-22\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. ovistipula, Herbertus dicranus, Heteroscyphus tener, Lejeunea flava, Plagiochila beddomei, P. semidecurrens, Radula cavifolia, Schistochilopsis setosa [Plagiochila grollei Inoue\u2014Phan-si-pan, 2560 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Plagiochila hokinensis Steph.\u20141520\u2014Open moist boulder near stream\u20145\u2014V-3-9-17. Comment: the name is regarded as a synonym for P. chinensis Steph. by So [P. chinenesis (G20043/00064139!) has more orbicular leaves than that drawn by So [P. ovalifolia (if not another taxon). The treatment of P. chinensis by So [P. hokinensis, as we found after a study of the type specimen (G35918/00061465!). Currently, we believe that these are two different taxa and the synonymizing of the names should be revised.* h. by So . Howeverwn by So  and rathis by So  coincidePlagiochila hyalodermica Grolle et M. L. So\u20142030, 2670, 2957, 3105\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs\u201422, 26, 27, 29\u2014V-18-17-18, V-19-20-18, V-8-15-17, V-9-19-22\u2014Bazzania praerupta, B. tridens, Calycularia crispula, Calypogeia aeruginosa, C. granulata, C. sinensis, Cephaloziella willisana, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Delavayella serrata, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Herbertus ramosus, Lepidozia omeiensis, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila sciophila, P. semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ferruginea, Schistochilopsis setosa.* Plagiochila junghuhniana Sande Lac.\u20141565\u2014Partly shaded mesic limestone cliffs\u201415\u2014V-11-21-22\u2013 Radula apiculata. Comment: Plagiochila junghuhniana is characterized by oblong leaves, widest above base (ca. 1/3), thin walls with large trigones, unclearly incised leaf apex. This is the tropical element in the flora and there are some doubts that this species is in hand in North Vietnam.Plagiochila khasiana Mitt.\u20142210\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree trunk\u201416\u2014V-5-79-17.Plagiochila nepalensis Lindenb.\u20141565, 2030\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic limestone cliffs and tree trunks\u201415, 18\u2014V-11-25-22, V-4-45-17; as Plagiochila gollanii Steph.: Sapa, 1650 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila oblonga Inoue\u2014Phan-si-pan, 2000\u20133000 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila cf. oblonga: Phan-si-pan [m a.s.l. ; as Plagn-si-pan .Plagiochila ovalifolia Mitt.\u20141900, 2210\u2014Partly shaded moist to wet cliffs, also near waterfalls\u20148, 16\u2014V-1-136-16, V-5-64-17 [Plagiochila parvifolia Lindenb.\u20141325\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree branch\u20141\u2014V-1-4-17\u2014Ptychanthus striatus; as Plagiochila cf. ventricosa Steph.: Sapa, 1600 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila peculiaris Schiffn.\u20141410, 1520\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree branches and decaying wood\u20143, 5\u2014V-2-12-17, V-3-38-17\u2014Cheilolejeunea imbricata, Herbertus dicranus, Porella caespitans, Ptychanthus striatus; as Plagiochila crassitexta Steph. (probably means that it is var. nakaiana (S. Hatt.) S. Hatt.): Sapa, 1700 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila pseudofirma Herzog\u20141900, 2030, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs, decaying wood, tree trunks\u201412, 18, 26, 30\u2014V-2-42-16, V-3-107-16, V-4-48-17, V-8-10-17\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ornithopoides [Plagiochila pulcherrima Horik.\u20141520, 2030, 2060, 2210, 2670\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree trunks, decaying wood, open dry cliffs and moist sandy stream bank\u20145, 13, 16, 18, 22\u2014V-19-23-18, V-3-39-17, V-4-53-17, V-5-42-17, V-6-39-17\u2014Drepanolejeunea ternatensis, Frullania nepalensis, Lejeunea flava, L. tuberculosa, Lopholejeunea nigricans, Plagiochila fruticosa, Porella acutifolia, P. japonica.Plagiochila salacensis Gottsche\u20141620\u2014Partly shaded mesic limestone cliffs\u20146\u2014V-13-23-17.Plagiochila sciophila Nees ex Lindenb.\u20141325, 1565, 2210, 2670, 2835, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist tree trunks, decaying wood, cliffs, humus covering rocks\u20141, 15, 16, 22, 29, 31\u2014V-1-18-17, V-10-9-22, V-11-37-22, V-19-48-18, V-5-23-17, V-9-11-22\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, Calypogeia granulata, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Jubula javanica, Lejeunea obscura, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Metzgeria leptoneura, Plagiochila hyalodermica, Ptychanthus striatus, Radula apiculata, Riccardia parvula\u2014Sapa, 1600, 1700\u20131800 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila secretifolia Mitt.\u2014Hoang-lien-son, Mt. Phan-si-pan [n-si-pan .Plagiochila semidecurrens (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Lehm. et Lindenb.\u20141995, 2030, 2060, 2210, 2610, 2670, 2727, 2835, 2884, 2900, 2957, 3050, 3105\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist tree trunks, decaying wood, cliffs, including those near streams\u201410, 13, 16, 18, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 29, 31\u2014V-10-10-22, V-11-3-17, V-12-15-17, V-15-14-18, V-18-21-18, V-19-14-18, V-20-11-18, V-4-24-17, V-5-1-17, V-6-32-17, V-7-8-17, V-8-11-17, V-9-11-17, V-9-58-22\u2014Acrobolbus ciliatus, Aneura pinguis, Bazzania himalayana, B. ovistipula, B. pearsonii, B. praerupta, B. tridens, Calypogeia vietnamica, Chiastocaulon fimbriatum, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Delavayella serrata, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Frullania nepalensis, F. yuennanensis, Herbertus armitanus, H. dicranus, H. ramosus, Heteroscyphus tener, Lejeunea neelgherriana, L. parva, Lepidozia faurieana, Leucolejeunea turgida, Lopholejeunea subfusca, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Metzgeria leptoneura, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Mnioloma fuscum, Plagiochila beddomei, P. durelii, P. gracilis, P. hyalodermica, P. trabeculata, Plicanthus birmensis, Radula cavifolia, R. inouei, R. madagascariensis, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ferruginea, S. ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa, Spruceanthus semirepandus, Syzygiella elongella; Phan-si-pan, 2100 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila vietnamica Inoue (the conspecificity may be questioned): in silvis muscosis sub cacumine; \u201cPhan Si San\u201d, 2500\u20133000 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila subtropica Steph.\u20141565, 1840, 1900, 2030, 2100, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree trunks, branches and decaying wood, rarely mesic cliffs\u20148, 12, 15, 16, 18\u2014V-1-87-16, V-2-10-16, V-10-46-17, V-11-10-22, V-4-54-17, V-5-50-17\u2014Acrolejeunea infuscata, Frullania yuennanensis, Lejeunea parva, Ptychanthus striatus [Plagiochila teysmannii Sande Lac.\u20141900\u2014Open mesic tree trunk\u20148\u2014V-1-36-16 [-1-36-16 .Plagiochila trabeculata Steph.\u20141520, 2030, 2210, 2670, 2727, 2835, 2846, 2900, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to mesic cliffs, boulders, decaying wood, rarely tree trunks\u20145, 16, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 26, 29, 31\u2014V-10-17-22, V-10-20-22, V-15-45-18, V-17-45-18, V-19-40-18, V-3-33-17, V-4-32-17, V-4-32a-17, V-4-52-17, V-4-67-17, V-5-31-17, V-8-19-17, V-9-20-22, V-9-25-17, V-9-39-22, V-9-4-22, V-9-42-22, V-9-52-22, V-9-52a-22, V-9-52b-22\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. ovistipula, B. tridens, Calycularia crispula, Calypogeia cuspidata, C. granulata, Herbertus armitanus, Heteroscyphus argutus, Kurzia makinoana, Lepidozia omeiensis, L. subtransversa, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Metzgeria lindbergii, Plagiochila semidecurrens, Porella campylophylla, Scapania metahimalayana, Schistochilopsis setosa; as Plagiochila pocsii Inoue: in silvis sub cacumine; Phan-Si-Pan, 2500\u20133000 m a.s.l. [Plagiochila vexans Schiffn. ex Steph.\u20142100\u2014Partly shaded mesic decaying wood\u201412\u2014V-2-71-16 [-2-71-16 .Plagiochila zhuensis Grolle et M. L. So\u20142821\u2014Partly shaded mesic Sinobambusa trunk\u201420\u2014V-16-28-18.* Plectocolea ariadne (Taylor ex Lehm.) Mitt.\u20141325\u2014Open moist clayish road cut\u20141\u2014V-1-13-17\u2014Jackiella javanica.Plectocolea granulata (Steph.) Bakalin\u20141325, 1410, 1557\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic cliffs and boulders\u20141, 3, 5\u2014V-1-28-17, V-2-10-17, V-8-3-22\u2014Bazzania tridens, Calypogeia granulata, Kurzia borneensis, Plectocolea rosulans, Riccardia parvula.* Plectocolea hasskarliana (Nees) Mitt.\u20141557\u2014Open moist clayish trail side\u20145\u2014V-8-21-22\u2014Plectocolea tetragona, P. truncata.Plectocolea infusca Mitt.\u20141410\u2014Open moist cliff crevice near stream\u20143\u2014V-2-3-17.Plectocolea rosulans (Steph.) S. Hatt.\u20141325, 1410, 1520, 1840, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs, mostly near streams\u20141, 3, 5, 8, 16\u2014V-1-46-17, V-10-10-17, V-2-10-17, V-3-52-17, V-5-74-17\u2014Calypogeia granulata, Lepidozia vitrea, Plagiochila fruticosa, Plectocolea granulata, Riccardia nagasakiensis, R. parvula, Scapania maxima.Plectocolea tetragona (Lindenb.) Amakawa\u20141410, 1520, 1557\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, cliffs near streams, rarely clayish trail sides\u2014V-2-11-17, V-3-15-17, V-8-22-22\u20143, 5\u2014Calypogeia apiculata, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Jackiella javanica, Lepidozia vitrea, Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis, Plectocolea hasskarliana, P. truncata, Riccardia parvula.Plectocolea truncata (Nees) Bakalin\u20141410, 1520, 1557\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs, including those near streams, trail sides\u20143, 5\u2014V-2-17-17, V-3-2-17, V-8-11-22\u2014Plectocolea hasskarliana, P. tetragona.Pleurozia gigantea (F. Weber) Lindb.\u20142030, 2060, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist decaying wood and mesic boulders\u201413, 16, 18\u2014V-4-36-17, V-5-36-17, V-6-33-17\u2014Bazzania praerupta, Plicanthus birmensis; Sapa, 1500, 2000 m a.s.l. [Pleurozia subinflata (Austin) Austin\u20141840, 2030, 2835, 2884, 2900, 3105\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree trunks, branches and cliffs\u20148, 18, 23, 25, 27, 31\u2014V-10-14-22, V-10-40-17, V-18-1-18, V-20-4-18, V-4-39-17, V-9-12-17\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, Herbertus dicranus, Radula cavifolia.Plicanthus birmensis (Steph.) R.M. Schust.\u20142030, 2060, 2210, 2670, 2900, 2957, 3105\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, mesic, rarely moist, tree trunks, decaying wood, cliffs\u201413, 16, 18, 22, 23, 27, 29\u2014V-18-21-18, V-19-7-18, V-4-28-17, V-5-1-17, V-6-14-17, V-9-14-17\u2014Bazzania pearsonii, B. praerupta, Chiastocaulon fimbriatum, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Frullania nepalensis, Herbertus dicranus, Heteroscyphus tener, Lejeunea neelgherriana, Leucolejeunea turgida, Lopholejeunea subfusca, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila beddomei, P. hyalodermica, P. semidecurrens, Pleurozia gigantea, Radula cavifolia, R. javanica, Syzygiella elongella.Plicanthus hirtellus (F. Weber) R.M. Schust.\u20141840, 2060, 2210, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist tree trunks, decaying wood and boulders\u20148, 13, 16, 30\u2014V-10-44-17, V-3-19-16, V-5-3-17, V-6-35-17\u2014Herbertus armitanus, Heteroscyphus tener, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Mylia vietnamica, Plagiochila beddomei; as Chandonanthus hirtellus (F. Weber) Mitt.: Sapa, 1500 m a.s.l. [Porella acutifolia (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Trevis.\u20141900, 2030, 2100\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic, rarely moist, cliffs and tree trunks\u20148, 12, 18\u2014V-1-87b-16, V-2-141-16, V-4-4-17\u2014Lopholejeunea nigricans, Plagiochila pulcherrima.Porella caespitans (Steph.) S. Hatt.\u20141350, 1410, 1620\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to dry limestone cliffs\u20142, 3, 6\u2014V-13-26-17, V-2-12-17, V-4-33-16\u2014Cheilolejeunea imbricata, Plagiochila peculiaris, Porella perrottetiana, Ptychanthus striatus; as Porella piligera Steph. ex P\u00f3cs: Sapa, 1650 m a.s.l. [Porella urophylla fo. setigera (Steph.) P\u00f3cs: Sapa 1500, 1600 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. ; as PorePorella campylophylla (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Trevis.\u20141520, 1900, 2030, 2210, 2610, 2670, 2835, 2957\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, mesic to moist cliffs, decaying wood and tree trunks\u20145, 8, 16, 17, 18, 22, 29, 31\u2014V-1-88-16, V-10-19-22, V-12-22-17, V-19-24-18, V-3-43-17, V-4-52-17, V-5-5-17, V-9-45-22\u2014Heteroscyphus tener, Metzgeria leptoneura, M. lindbergii, Plagiochila flexuosa, P. trabeculata.Porella densifolia (Steph.) S. Hatt.\u20141565, 1620\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic limestone cliffs\u20146, 15\u2014V-11-24-22, V-13-32-17\u2014Lejeunea neelgherriana, Porella perrottetiana, Radula apiculata\u2014as Porella densifolia var. paraphyllina (P.C. Chen) P\u00f3cs: Sapa, 1750 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Porella grandifolia (Steph.) S. Hatt.\u2014Sapa, 1600 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Porella japonica (Sande Lac.) Mitt.\u20142030\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree trunk\u201418\u2014V-4-72-17\u2014Plagiochila pulcherrima; as Porella japonica: Sapa, 1725 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Porella obtusata (Taylor) Trevis. f. macroloba (Steph.) S. Hatt.\u20141565, 1620\u2014Open to partly shaded dry to mesic limestone cliffs, rarely tree trunks\u20142, 6, 15\u2014V-11-31-22, V-13-25-17, V-4-30-16; as Porella thuja (Dicks.) Lindb.: Sapa, 1650\u20131800 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Porella perrottetiana (Mont.) Trevis.\u20141565, 1620\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic limestone cliffs\u2014V-11-24-22, V-13-26-17\u20146, 15\u2014Lejeunea neelgherriana, Porella caespitans, P. densifolia, Radula apiculata; as Porella perrottetiana var. angustifolia P\u00f3cs: Sapa 1500, 1600, 1650\u20131800 m a.s.l.; 2573 m a.s.l. (type of var. angustifolia) [tifolia) .Porella plumosa (Mitt.) Parihar\u2014Phan-si-pan, 2400 [Porella madagascariensis f. integristipula P\u00f3cs: Hoang-Lien-Son, 2000 m a.s.l. [an, 2400 ; as Porem a.s.l. .Porella reflexigastria P\u00f3cs\u20141565\u2014Partly shaded mesic limestone cliff\u201415\u2014V-11-22-22; Sapa, 1650, 1700 m a.s.l. [Porella piligera var. grossedentata P\u00f3cs: Sapa 1900, 1650, 1600 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. ; as Porem a.s.l. .Preissia quadrata (Scop.) Nees\u20141900\u2014Open moist cliff\u20148\u2014V-1-110-16\u2014Aneura pinguis.Pseudolepicolea andoi (R.M. Schust.) Inoue\u20141995, 2210\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs\u201410, 16\u2014V-5-68-17, V-7-7-17\u2014Metacalypogeia alternifolia [Ptychanthus striatus (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Nees\u20141325, 1410, 1520, 1565, 1620, 1840, 2030\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree trunks and branches and cliffs, including those of limestone\u20141, 3, 5, 6, 8, 15, 18\u2014V-1-4-17, V-10-14-17, V-11-36-22, V-13-21-17, V-2-12-17, V-3-22-17, V-4-59-17\u2014Cheilolejeunea imbricata, Frullania yuennanensis, Lejeunea flava, L. tuberculosa, Lopholejeunea nigricans, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila parvifolia, P. peculiaris, P. sciophila, P. subtropica, Porella caespitans; Sapa, 1600\u20131780 m a.s.l. [Radula acuminata Steph.\u20141410\u2014Open leaf of evergreen shrub upper surface\u20143\u2013 V-2-6-17.Radula apiculata Sande Lac. ex Steph.\u20141325, 1350, 1565, 1620, 1840\u2014Partly shaded mesic to moist, rarely wet, cliffs, including those of limestone and near streams\u20141, 2, 6, 8, 15\u2014V-4-21-16, V-1-42-17, V-10-17-17, V-11-21-22, V-13-27-17\u2014Heteroscyphus argutus, Jubula javanica, Lejeunea neelgherriana, L. parva, Plagiochila junghuhniana, P. sciophila, Porella densifolia, P. perrottetiana [Radula assamica Steph.\u2014Sapa, 1600 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Radula cavifolia Hampe\u20141410, 1840, 2030, 2727, 2835, 2846, 2900, 2957, 3105\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic, rarely moist cliffs, tree trunks and branches, decaying wood\u20143, 8, 18, 19, 23, 24, 27, 29, 31\u2014V-10-13-22, V-10-37-17, V-15-1-18, V-17-2-18, V-18-3-18, V-2-13-17, V-4-28-17, V-9-11-17, V-9-5-22\u2014Bazzania angustistipula, B. ovistipula, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, D. ternatensis, Frullania tagawana, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Herbertus dicranus, Lejeunea flava, L. neelgherriana, Leucolejeunea turgida, L. soae, Microlejeunea punctiformis, Plagiochila beddomei, P. gracilis, P. semidecurrens, Pleurozia subinflata, Plicanthus birmensis, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ornithopoides, Schiffneria hyalina, Sphenolobopsis pearsonii, Syzygiella elongella, Vietnamiella epiphytica.Radula constricta Steph.\u20141620\u2014Open dry limestone cliff\u20146\u2014V-13-2-17.* Radula fulvifolia (Hook. f. et Taylor) Gottsche, Lindenb. et Nees (= Radula meyeri Steph.)\u20141325\u2014Partly shaded mesic cliff\u20141\u2014V-1-22-17.Radula inouei K. Yamada\u20142835, 2957\u2014Open moist cliffs and mesic tree trunks\u201429, 31\u2014V-10-10-22, V-9-68-22\u2014Heteroscyphus tener, Plagiochila semidecurrens.Radula japonica Gottsche ex Steph.\u20141557\u2014Open moist boulder near stream\u20145\u2014V-8-1-22.* Radula javanica Gottsche\u20141325, 1520, 2030, 2060, 2610\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs, tree trunks and branches\u20141, 5, 13, 17, 18\u2014V-1-3-17, V-12-18-17, V-3-4-17, V-4-14-17\u2014Bazzania tridens, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Heteroscyphus tener, Lejeunea flava, Plicanthus birmensis.Radula kojana Steph.\u20142670\u2014Partly shaded moist boulder near stream\u201422\u2014V-19-12-18\u2014Jubula javanica.Radula madagascariensis Gottsche\u20141900, 2100, 2210, 2670\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic tree trunks, branches and cliffs\u20148, 12, 16, 22\u2014V-1-55-16, V-2-117-16, V-19-18-18, V-5-44-17\u2014Bazzania pearsonii, Frullania yuennanensis, Heteroscyphus tener, Plagiochila semidecurrens [Riccardia decrescens (Steph.) S. Hatt.\u20142210, 1520, 2727\u2014Partly shaded moist to wet cliffs near stream\u20145, 16, 19\u2014V-5-60-17, V-15-27-18, V-3-51-17\u2014Bazzania japonica, B. tridens, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Scapania maxima, Lobatiriccardia yunnanensis.Riccardia flavovirens Furuki\u20141410, 1557, 1700-1900\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs, mostly near streams and waterfalls or on soil near forest ponds\u20143, 5, 8, 9\u2014V-1-113-16, V-2-27-17, V-8-29-22\u2014Heteroscyphus coalitus, Scapania undulata [Riccardia glauca Furuki\u20141325\u2014Open wet cliff\u20141\u2014V-1-45-17.* Riccardia latifrondoides Schiffn.\u20141520\u2014Partly shaded mesic decaying wood\u20145\u2014V-3-37-17.* Riccardia nagasakiensis (Steph.) S. Hatt.\u20141840, 2210, 2610, 2835\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs near or in streambed\u20148, 16, 21, 31\u2014V-10-29-17, V-10-37-22, V-11-29-17, V-5-9-17\u2014Cephalozia conchata, Lepidozia vitrea, Plectocolea rosulans.Riccardia palmata (Hedw.) Carruth.\u20142610\u2014Open moist cliff near stream\u201421\u2014V-11-7-17\u2014Cephalozia bicuspidata, Delavayella serrata.Riccardia parvula Schiffn.\u20141325, 1410, 2210, 2610\u2014Partly shaded to open moist to wet cliffs and boulders, mostly near streams, also partly shaded moist decaying wood\u20141, 3, 16, 21\u2014V-1-48-17, V-11-31-17, V-2-10-17, V-5-16-17\u2014Calypogeia apiculata, C. granulata, Heteroscyphus argutus, H. coalitus, Lepidozia vitrea, Plagiochila sciophila, Plectocolea granulata, P. rosulans, P. tetragona.* Riccardia pumila Furuki\u20141557, 1900, 2100\u2014Open to partly shaded wet cliffs near streams and waterfalls, once partly shaded moist decaying wood\u20145, 8, 12\u2014V-1-125-16, V-2-145-16, V-8-44-22\u2014Calypogeia cuspidata, Cephalozia conchata, Lepidozia omeiensis [Riccardia pusilla Grolle\u20141840\u2014Partly shaded moist decaying wood\u20148\u2014V-10-7-17.Saccogynidium muricellum (De Not.) Grolle\u20141325, 1520, 1557\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs, including those near streams, boulders and clayish soil\u20141, 5\u2014V-1-24-17, V-3-36-17, V-8-9-22\u2014Calypogeia lunata, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Kurzia borneensis, Schiffneria hyalina, Schistochila doriae.Scapania contorta Mitt.\u20142030, 2610, 2900\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs, rarely wet cliffs in the streambed\u201421, 23, 26\u2014V-8-37-17, V-9-33-17, V-11-27-17\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Calypogeia aeruginosa, Herbertus armitanus, Lepidozia faurieana, Marsupella vietnamica, Mylia vietnamica, Scapania undulata.Scapania ciliatospinosa Horik.\u20142014, 2030, 2821, 2846, 2900, 2957, 3105, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs, rarely those near streams\u201411, 20, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 30\u2014V-3-22-16, V-16-5-18, V-17-23-18, V-18-18-18, V-21-14-18, V-8-10-17, V-9-11-17, V-9-16-22\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Bazzania angustistipula, B. ovistipula, Calypogeia aeruginosa, C. granulata, C. vietnamica, Cephaloziella willisana, Cololejeunea schmidtii, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Delavayella serrata, Herbertus ramosus, Lepidozia subtransversa, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. pseudofirma, P. semidecurrens, Radula cavifolia, Scapania metahimalayana, S. ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa, Solenostoma faurieanum, S. heterolimbatum [Scapania ferruginea (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Gottsche\u20142670, 2846, 2884, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs, including those near streams\u201422, 23, 24, 29\u2014V-17-43-18, V-19-43-18, V-20-9-18, V-9-26-22\u2014Aneura pinguis, Bazzania praerupta, Calypogeia aeruginosa, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Herbertus ramosus, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila hyalodermica, P. semidecurrens, Scapania metahimalayana, Schistochilopsis setosa, Solenostoma faurieanum.* Scapania ligulata Steph.\u20141900, 2030, 2100, 2210, 2610, 2900, 2957, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs, including those near streams and in the streambeds\u20148, 12, 16, 18, 21, 23, 29, 30\u2014V-1-131-16, V-11-25-17, V-2-143-16, V-3-97-16, V-4-19-17, V-5-63-17, V-9-18-17, V-9-43-22\u2014Calypogeia granulata, Isotachis japonica, Marsupella stoloniformis, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Scapania ornithopoides, Solenostoma suborbiculatum [Scapania maxima Horik.\u20141840, 1995, 2014, 2030, 2210, 2610, 2727\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs, including those near streams\u20148, 10, 11, 16, 17, 19, 26\u2014V-10-18-17, V-12-4-17, V-15-27-18, V-21-12-18, V-5-56-17, V-7-25-17, V-8-27-17\u2013 Bazzania japonica, Bazzania tridens, Calypogeia granulata, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Kurzia makinoana, Lepidozia faurieana, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila beddomei, Plectocolea rosulans, Riccardia decrescens, Trichocolea rudimentaris.Scapania metahimalayana Vilnet et Bakalin\u20142835, 2900, 2957\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, moist to wet cliffs, including those near streams\u201423, 29, 31\u2014V-10-17-22, V-9-17a-17 (holotype), V-9-60-22\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Calycularia crispula, Calypogeia aeruginosa, Kurzia makinoana, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Plagiochila trabeculata, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ferruginea, Solenostoma faurieanum, S. suborbiculatum [Scapania ornithopoides (With.) Waddell\u20141995, 2014, 2030, 2210, 2610, 2727, 2821, 2846, 2900, 3105, 3143\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, moist to wet cliffs, including those near streams\u201410, 11, 16, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 30\u2014V-3-13-16, V-11-8-17, V-15-41-18, V-16-26-18, V-17-11-18, V-18-18-18, V-21-18-18, V-5-63-17, V-7-26-17, V-8-10-17, V-9-11-17\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Aneura pinguis, Bazzania angustistipula, B. praerupta, Calypogeia granulata, C. lunata, C. vietnamica, Delavayella serrata, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, Herbertus armitanus, Heteroscyphus coalitus, Kurzia makinoana, Lepidozia subtransversa, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Mnioloma fuscum, Mylia vietnamica, Plagiochila pseudofirma, P. semidecurrens, Radula cavifolia, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ligulata, Schistochilopsis setosa, Solenostoma pseudocyclops [Scapania parvitexta Steph.\u20141520, 1995, 2100\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs near streams\u20145, 10, 12\u2014V-2-129-16, V-3-19-17, V-7-21-17\u2014Calypogeia apiculata [piculata .Scapania pseudojavanica Vilnet et Bakalin\u20141900, 1995, 2835\u2014Open wet cliffs near streams, rarely mesic boulders in part shade\u20148, 10, 31\u2014V-1-9-16, V-10-1-22, V-7-17-17\u2013 as Scapania javanica [javanica .Scapania undulata (L.) Dumort.\u20141410, 1520, 1840, 2030, 2210, 2610\u2014Open to partly shaded cliffs and boulders, mostly near streams, rarely open mesic cliffs\u20143, 5, 8, 16, 17, 18, 21, 26\u2014V-10-8-17, V-11-10-17, V-12-20-17, V-2-27-17, V-3-78-17, V-4-13-17, V-5-47-17, V-8-6-17\u2014Kurzia borneensis, Marsupella vietnamica, Riccardia flavovirens, Scapania contorta.Schiffneria hyalina Steph.\u20141520, 2060, 2610, 2670, 2727, 3143\u2014Partly shaded mesic to moist and wet cliffs, boulders, humus on steep slope\u20145, 13, 17, 19, 22, 22, 30\u2014V-3-101-16, V-12-12-17, V-15-1-18, V-19-15-18, V-3-49-17, V-6-28-17\u2014Calypogeia granulata, Fuscocephaloziopsis catenulata subsp. nipponica, F. gollanii, Heteroscyphus argutus, Radula cavifolia, Saccogynidium muricellum [Schistochila aligera (Nees et Blume) J.B. Jack et Steph.\u2014Phan-si-pan, 2400 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Schistochila doriae (De Not.) Trevis.\u20141325, 1520, 1840\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs and boulders, including those near streams\u2014V-1-24-17, V-10-23-17, V-3-26-17\u20141, 5, 8\u2014Bazzania tridens, Heteroscyphus argutus, H. coalitus, Saccogynidium muricellum.* Schistochila sciurea (Nees) Schiffn.\u20141900\u2014Partly shaded mesic tree trunk base\u2014V-1-49-16\u20148 [Schistochilopsis setosa (Mitt.) Konstant.\u20142030, 2610, 2670, 2727, 2846, 2900, 2957, 3143\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist cliffs, including those near streams\u201419, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 29, 30\u2014V-11-4-17, V-15-14-18, V-17-34-18, V-19-39-18, V-3-32-16, V-8-21-17, V-9-36-17, V-9-67-22\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Bazzania ovistipula, Bazzania praerupta, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Fuscocephaloziopsis catenulata subsp. nipponica, F. gollanii, Herbertus armitanus, Kurzia makinoana, Lepidozia omeiensis, L. subtransversa, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Mnioloma fuscum, Plagiochila gracilis, P. hyalodermica, P. semidecurrens, P. trabeculata, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ferruginea, S. ornithopoides, Solenostoma pseudocyclops [Solenostoma appressifolium var. minus (Amakawa) V\u00e1\u0148a et D.G. Long\u20141520\u2014Partly shaded mesic cliff\u20145\u2014V-3-90-17\u2014Jackiella javanica.Solenostoma faurieanum (Beauverd) R.M. Schust.\u20142835, 2957\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded moist cliffs, including those near streams\u201429, 31\u2014V-10-27-22, V-9-31-22\u2014Calycularia crispula, Calypogeia aeruginosa, Cephalozia conchata, Marsupella vietnamica, Metacalypogeia alternifolia, Scapania ciliatospinosa, S. ferruginea, S. metahimalayana, Solenostoma parvitextum.* Solenostoma heterolimbatum (Amakawa) V\u00e1\u0148a et D.G.Long\u20142100\u2014Partly shaded moist cliffs\u2014V-2-108-16\u201412 [08-16\u201412 .Solenostoma parvitextum (Amakawa) V\u00e1\u0148a et D.G. Long\u20142835, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs, including those near streams\u201429, 31\u2014V-10-2-22, V-9-62-22\u2014Solenostoma faurieanum.* Solenostoma pseudocyclops (Inoue) V\u00e1\u0148a et D.G. Long\u20142846\u2014Open to partly shaded moist cliffs\u201424\u2014V-17-15-18\u2014Scapania ornithopoides, Schistochilopsis setosa.* Solenostoma rotundatum Amakawa\u20141325, 1557\u2013 Open mesic clayish road cut, partly shaded moist boulder near stream\u20141, 5\u2014V-1-19-17, V-8-12a-22\u2014Calypogeia cuspidata.* Solenostoma schaulianum (Steph.) V\u00e1\u0148a et D.G. Long\u20142670\u2014Partly shaded moist cliff near stream\u201422\u2014V-19-21-18 [Solenostoma suborbiculatum (Amakawa) V\u00e1\u0148a et D.G. Long\u20142610, 2821, 2835, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs, including those near streams and in the streambed\u201420, 21, 29, 31\u2014V-10-3-22, V-11-14-17, V-16-18-18, V-9-60-22\u2014Calypogeia aeruginosa, C. cuspidata, Jubula javanica, Marsupella stoloniformis, M. vietnamica, Scapania ligulata, S. metahimalayana.Southbya grollei N. Kitag.\u20141350\u2014Open, rather dry limestone\u2014V-4-32-16\u20142 [Sphenolobopsis pearsonii (Spruce) R.M. Schust.\u20142030, 2610, 2835, 2957\u2014Open to partly shaded moist to wet cliffs, once on bamboo trunk at 1 m above the ground\u2014V-10-15b-22, V-11-19-17, V-8-64-17, V-9-5-22\u201421, 26, 29, 31\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Calypogeia tosana, Marsupella stoloniformis, Radula cavifolia, Vietnamiella epiphytica [Spruceanthus semirepandus (Nees) Verd.\u20141565, 1620, 2030, 2210, 2610, 2821\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist tree trunk branches, decaying wood, rarely cliffs\u20146, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20\u2014V-11-17-22, V-12-19-17, V-13-18-17, V-16-2-18, V-4-38-17, V-5-25-17\u2014Bazzania ovistipula, Lejeunea flava, L. parva, Plagiochila semidecurrens.Syzygiella autumnalis (DC.) K. Feldberg, V\u00e1\u0148a, Hentschel et Heinrichs\u20141995\u2014Open moist cliff near stream\u201410\u2014V-7-5-17\u2014Kurzia makinoana.Syzygiella elongella (Taylor) K. Feldberg, V\u00e1\u0148a, Hentschel et Heinrichs\u20141840, 2060, 3105\u2014Open mesic to moist tree trunks and branches, rarely moist cliffs on slopes\u20148, 13, 27\u2014V-10-16-17, V-18-12-18, V-6-32-17\u2014Chiastocaulon fimbriatum, Cylindrocolea recurvifolia, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Heteroscyphus tener, Lopholejeunea subfusca, Plagiochila semidecurrens, Plicanthus birmensis, Radula cavifolia [Syzygiella nipponica (S. Hatt.) K. Feldberg, V\u00e1\u0148a, Hentschel et Heinrichs\u20142846\u2014Partly shaded moist cliff\u201424\u2014V-17-12-18\u2014Anastrophyllum bidens, Bazzania praerupta, Scapania ornithopoides.Thysananthus comosus Lindenb.\u2014Sapa, 1650 m a.s.l. [m a.s.l. .Trichocolea japonica T. Katag.\u20141900\u2014Partly shaded mesic decaying stump\u20148\u2014V-1-26-16 [-1-26-16 .Trichocolea pluma Dumort.\u20142060, 2670, 2727, 2884\u2014Open to partly shaded moist boulders, including those near streams, humus on steep slopes\u201413, 19, 22, 23\u2014V-15-7-18, V-19-49-18, V-20-12-18, V-6-26-17\u2014Heteroscyphus coalitus.Trichocolea rudimentaris Steph.\u20142014\u2014Open moist cliff near stream\u201411\u2014V-21-12a-18\u2014Bazzania japonica, Scapania maxima [Trichocolea tomentella (Ehrh.) Dumort.\u20141840, 1900, 2014, 2030, 2060, 2100, 2610, 2670, 2727\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, moist cliffs and boulders, including those near streams\u20148, 11, 13, 19, 21, 22, 26, 30\u2014V-1-89-16, V-3-62-16, V-10-26-17, V-11-2-17, V-15-6-18, V-19-47-18, V-21-13-18, V-6-1-17, V-8-45-17\u2014Heteroscyphus coalitus [Tuzibeanthus chinensis (Steph.) Mizut.\u20141620\u2014Open dry limestone cliff\u20147\u2014V-13-1-17.Vietnamiella epiphytica Bakalin et Vilnet\u20142835, 2846, 2884, 2900\u2014Open, rarely partly shaded, mesic Rhododendron branches\u201423, 23, 24, 31\u2014V-10-12-22, V-17-26-18, V-20-6-18, V-9-6-17\u2014Frullania tagawana, Radula cavifolia, Sphenolobopsis pearsonii.Wiesnerella denudata (Mitt.) Steph.\u20141410, 1520, 1557\u2014Open to partly shaded mesic to moist and wet cliffs, mostly those near stream\u20143, 5\u2014V-2-9-17, V-3-85-17, V-8-31-22\u2014Conocephalum japonicum [The distribution of the altitudinal floral fragments by a 100-m gap on the DCA diagram  shows anThe distribution of altitudinal floral fragments with 200-m gaps  generallThe obtained DCA diagram  includesFor each group of floras, distances in kilometers  and distThe average distance in kilometers between the floras of the first group (Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean plus) is 652 km. The average distance between the floras of the second group (Iturup plus) is 2122 km, which exceeds the average distance in the first group by three times. At the same time, the average distances between floras in conventional units in the first group is 271, while, in the second, it is only 200. Thus, despite larger distances in kilometers, the relationships between floras in the second group are closer. In the first group, above average distances are found between the Beihai and Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n floras, although the distance, expressed in kilometers, is below average between them. In the second group, the above-average distance in conventional units is between the Jiri-san flora (the southernmost of those compared in the group) and two floras in Northeast Asia (Bystrinsky and Commanders), separated by more than 3000 km. At the same time, the Iturup flora, located at the northernmost tip of the East Asian region, turns out to be quite close to all other floras of the second group, despite serious geodesic distances varying from 1450 (Bystrinsky) to 2000 (Jiri-san) kilometers. Thus, there is higher disunity in floristic composition in selected floras in the south of the East Asian Floristic Region (Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean plus) than in its northern extremity plus the middle part of Pacific Northeast Asia (Iturup plus).Lejeunea ranks third and Cololejeunea, with eight species, only 10th. No additional Lejeuneaceae genera were included in the leading top families in Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n. This can be explained by two factors: (1) the insufficient study of Lejeuneaceae and (2) its objectively lower value in the mountain flora, where the mountain species of the Sino-Himalayan distribution play a significant role in its formation (among which Lejeuneaceae are not numerous). Most likely, both factors act together, which also supports the assumption that the taxonomic diversity of species known in the flora will be further increased with future targeted research. The high proportion of Sino-Himalayan species in the flora is evidenced by the high values of the genera Scapania and Calypogeia, which are generally diverse in the mountains of the Holarctic but are especially diverse in the mountain mesophytic floras of the Sino-Himalayas [The total known taxonomic diversity reaches 279 species and exceeds that in the compared floras of South China. Around North Indochina, this is presumably the richest known liverwort flora. Lejeuneaceae occupies the first position in the list of the top 10 families. However, it covers only 16.5% of the total flora. According to published reports for relatively well-studied and mountainous Malaysia , Lejeuneimalayas . The Sinimalayas ,8. This Cephaloziella willisana, Jubula sikkimensis, Kurzia borneensis and Plagiochila hokinensis, have a questionable taxonomic status. Together, all new records are to be expected, taking the general distribution patterns of all novelties into account. Most of them are widespread in the Sino-Himalayas. Additionally, it is worth mentioning that some new-for-Vietnam species of Riccardia  and Solenostoma  may actually be incorrectly identified and represent weakly morphologically diversified new-for-science taxa and belong to species geographically vicarious in relation to those mentioned. In addition, the same problem is estimated to occur in almost all large genera of the studied flora, although not so prominently. To resolve this issue, it is necessary to carry out special molecular genetic studies, some of which we intend to conduct in the near future. In addition, it is worth mentioning that among the mentioned genera, as well as among others, there are a number of specimens identified to the genus only (and not included in the checklist) and presumably belonging to species that are new to science. Thus, the presented list is incomplete. The exact number of species that will be additionally found after further research in the study area is difficult to predict, but it is clear that new research will increase the number of known species to no less than 30\u201350 taxa.Twenty-six species are reported for the first time for the flora of Vietnam (marked with an asterisk in the list). Some of them, such as Drepanolejeunea commutata, Lejeunea obscura, Lepidozia subintegra, Leptolejeunea elliptica, Mastigophora diclados, Plectocolea granulata, P. hasskarliana, P. tetragona, Saccogynidium muricellum, etc., in the area treated. The same diapason is also the lower limit for Aneura pinguis, Bazzania japonica, Calycularia crispula, Calypogeia cuspidata, C. granulata, C. lunata, C. tosana, Cephalozia hamatiloba, C. siamensis, Cylindrocolea recurvifolia, Frullania moniliata, Fuscocephaloziopsis gollanii, etc. In addition, most of the studied limestones are concentrated in this diapason, which leads to the enrichment of the flora with basiphilic species, such as Plagiochasma cordatum.The greatest liverwort diversity is observed within altitudinal one-hundredth meter diapasons of 1500\u20131599 m a.s.l. (104 species) and 2000\u20132099 m a.s.l. m. (105 species). This can be partly due to random factors\u2014for example, the stochastically greater concentration of studied localities  and more time spent on research. However, at the same time, it can be noted that both of these intervals are peculiar boundaries in the altitudinal distribution of a number of taxa. For example, the diapason 1500\u20131599 m a.s.l. is an upper limit for Anastrophyllum bidens, Bazzania praerupta, Calypogeia pseudocuspidata, C. sinensis, Cephaloziella willisana, Cryptolophocolea sikkimensis, Delavayella serrata, Fuscocephaloziopsis catenulata ssp. nipponica, Herbertus armitanus, H. dicranus, Lejeunea parva, Plagiochila durelii, P. hyalodermica, etc. The same diapason is the upper limit for Cololejeunea hasskarliana, Drepanolejeunea angustifolia, Lejeunea neelgherriana, L. subacuta, Lopholejeunea nigricans, L. subfusca, etc. A number of species not found in other altitude ranges were found in this belt: Asterella cruciata, Bazzania angustifolia, B. faurieana, etc.The diapason of 2000\u20132099 m a.s.l. m. in this respect is even more remarkable. This is the lower limit for the distribution of a number of mountain subtropical species, such as In fact, there are more species that interrupt their distribution in both diapasons, but given the unevenness of knowledge , it is hardly possible to carry out any statistically reliable calculations on this issue.As noted in the Materials and Methods and Results sections, the comparison with other floras has an evidently \u201cone-sided\u201d nature, since the studied flora is the southernmost of those compared. This is determined by the lack of representative data for the comparison of local floras in Northern Indochina. However, considering the proportion of families in the total spectrum and, especially, the generic spectrum of the studied flora, we suggest that the studied flora is also predominantly mountainous subtropical, and such a comparison seems to be possible . A comparison of four selected floras at the southern flank of the East Asian Floristic Region showed that, despite the relatively small kilometric distances between the compared floras, the interrelationships between them are rather low. Moreover, the relationships are smaller than the relationships between the floras situated at much greater distances (in kilometers) at the northern tip of the East Asian region and even in Pacific Northeast Asia. This feature of the strong disunity of floras in the Sino-Himalayas was revealed long ago  and was described with the possible main trends approximately 100 years ago ,33,34. T2 ) and lies within two Vietnamese provinces: Lao Cai and Lai Chau. It is worth mentioning that the study area (1) covers only a small portion of the park and (2) includes some adjacent areas that do not formally belong to the park. However, since this entire area is a single unit located on the macroslopes of the Phan Xi Pang Mt. and its adjacent spurs, there is no reason to divide the nationally protected area from those reserved on the provincial level and the non-reserved areas. Moreover, one of the most important liverwort diversity concentration points is observed in the Ham Rong municipal park located in Sapa Town. All collecting localities are listed in The study area is located in the central part of the Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n Range, which extends from northwest to southeast for ca. 180 km, with a maximum width with side spurs reaching approximately 30 km. The area includes the highest mountain of Indochina\u2014Phan Xi Pang, with an elevation of 3143 m a.s.l. in its summit. The elevation in the area treated starts at approximately 1300 m a.s.l. and reaches the Phan Xi Pang Peak. The national park itself has an area of 685 kmAlthough, topographically, the Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n Range is located on the Indochina Peninsula, geomorphologically, it has no association with the Indochina Block, which occupies the main area of Indochina. The main events that led to the formation of the Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n Range occurred approximately 40\u201330 million years ago, when the collision of the Indian plate with the Asian continent caused the clockwise rotation of the Indochinese platform and \u201cpressed\u201d it into the South China Block ,36. The Abies delavayi Franch., indicates the presence of temperate species in the Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n Range. Moreover, several instances of climate cooling, including the Miocene cold interval (ca. 7\u20135.4 Ma), are very noticeable [Tsuga dumosa and Abies delavayi\u201d. The presumable relict occurrence of Gymnomitrion rubidum (Mitt.) V\u00e1\u0148a, Crand.-Stotl. & Stotler, in the scattered community of Abies delavayi probably evidences that the temperate taxa that survived together (as a suite) are now alien to them, not temperate communities [Therefore, geomorphologically and phytogeographically, the mountains of the northwestern tip of Vietnam are sound continuations of the Hengduan Mountains, through which a huge number of Sino-Himalayan flora elements penetrated into Indochina. The latter, in fact, makes this region the southern outpost of the East Asian subtropical flora ,2. At thticeable  and shouticeable : 29) strmunities  showed tHowever, in the general zonal characteristic, the dominant type of vegetation in the study area is evergreen montane and highland forests on silicate rocks at 1000\u20133000 m a.s.l [Due to elevations lower than 1300 m a.s.l. being absent in the studied area, we did not study the typical tropical forests developed in the lowlands of Northern Vietnam at elevations below 1000 m a.s.l. The typical landscapes and liverwort habitats are in https://en.climate-data.org/asia/vietnam/lao-cai-province/sa-pa-36229/ (accessed on 22 February 2023)) for the weather station located in Sapa Town. The station is situated at an altitude of 1489 m a.s.l. and provides features of the climate of the lower altitude level and its seasonality throughout the year in the area treated. According to the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger climate classification, the climate in Sapa is temperate with warm summers and no dry season (Cfb according to the mentioned classification) [Since the studied area has mountainous relief, the climate  changes drastically with altitude and slope exposure. To determine the most general characteristics of the alternation of weather elements, we used the climate chart on the ClimateData website (ication) . Despitehttps://www.worldclim.org/data/bioclim.html (accessed on 22 February 2023)) for each point, which made it possible to compile a general characteristic for the study area. These data are placed in Since the coordinates were known for all our collection localities, we then obtained the bioclimates from the WorldClim database  for identification; approximately 30% of these specimens were then frozen, and the \u201cshock\u201d nature of freezing led to the death of oil bodies in approximately 50% of the frozen material. In 2022, to avoid alive specimen death, all material was delivered to Hanoi to the Laboratory of Plant Ecology , where the material was identified by morphological methods. In both cases, the general appearance of plants and oil bodies was photographed for approximately 70% of the collections of 2016\u20132018 and 70% of the collection of 2022. Only after the end of the identification were all specimens dried. To take photographs of the collected plants, we used microscopes in the laboratories of VBGI and HN, with the most valuable ones in the Laboratory of Plant Ecology at the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources of Vietnam Academy of Science and Technologies, including a Nikon SZM800M and Olympus BX43, both equipped with digital cameras.The results of the identifications were later input into a database, from which an extraction was then obtained and later processed manually using PC software. Literary references were added to the obtained draft list. In most cases, it was impossible to reliably understand from old literary sources whether the distribution of the species was indicated within the park (the park was founded only in 2006) or belonged to its environs because, in the vast majority of cases, only the geographical description \u201cSapa\u201d was indicated. Fortunately, in most cases, the literature provides data on the elevation above sea level of the collection locality. Presumably, all localities above 2000 m a.s.l. belong to the park, and those below 1700 are outside the park. However, the specimens collected between 1700 and 2000 m a.s.l. could be gathered both within the national park and outside it.Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was used to identify the trends in altitudinal formation of the studied flora and the relationships of the total taxonomic list of the studied flora with other flora lists for some adjacent areas. This multivariate statistical technique was chosen because it is suitable for finding the main factors or gradients in large, species-rich but usually sparse data matrices. DCA was performed using Past ver. 4.03c .This type of analysis was applied to two issues raised.(1) Comparison with the floras of adjacent areas. For comparison, we chose the richest local floras in the adjacent regions of Yunnan Province and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in China. Unfortunately, there are no summarized data on local floras in Northern Thailand, and they are not in Laos, where all known diversity is limited by 66 species . Thus, tIn addition, since the distances between the coordinates of the positions of floras in a three-dimensional system are a dimensionless  value, we made an attempt to compare the average distances at the southern tip of the East Asian region with the average distance between the additionally involved floras at the northern tip of the East Asian Floristic Region and adjacent Northeast Asia, belonging to the Circumboreal Floristic Region . UnfortuThus, a matrix was compiled, including a cumulative list of species for all 8 floras, in which the presence of a species was indicated by the number 1 and the absence by the sign 0. This matrix is provided in the (2) To formalize the description of changes in the liverwort flora of the studied area depending on elevation, two matrices were compiled on the distribution of taxa within the altitudinal range. Both matrices are based on the list of species of the study area, and the presence of a species within the altitudinal range is marked with a 1 (absence is 0). One matrix was compiled according to the distribution of taxa within the hundred-meter ranges , while the second operated on 200-m ranges. In the first case, the diapasons are named in formats such as >1300, >1400, etc., whicih means the gaps 1300\u20131399, 1400\u20131499, etc., correspondingly. In the second case, a gap >1200 means that the diapason is 1200\u20131399 m a.s.l. Because the ranges were unevenly explored, and, for some, too little data were collected, before being included in the analysis, all ranges in which less than 40 species were known were removed from the analysis to exclude aberrations due to insufficient data. The following ranges were excluded: 1400\u20131499, 1600\u20131699, 1700\u20131799, 2300\u20132399, 2400\u20132499, 2500\u20132599, 3000\u20133099, 1600\u20131799 and 2400\u20132599 .The liverwort flora of the studied area, located in the central part of the Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n Range, is very rich taxonomically. The data presented in this paper will undoubtedly be supplemented in future targeted research. In general, the flora possesses distinct Sino-Himalayan features, which is a typical trait of the floras in the northern tip of Indochina. At the same time, a comparison with the nearest well-studied regional floras in Southern China showed the significant differentiation of the flora of the studied region from the nearest floras adjacent to the north. The uniqueness of the studied area is determined by the close interpenetration of the Sino-Himalayan flora into the Indochinese, which, due to the significant altitudinal range of the study area, contributed to the formation of an original and very rich flora that promises numerous new records in the future."}
{"text": "Correction: Journal of Biomedical Science (2022) 29:109 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-022-00888-xFollowing publication of the original article , it was This work was supported by the following sources: Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST107-2320-B-039-059-MY3 and 109-2320-B-039-060); Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW110-TDU-B-2-11-010001), Executive Yuan, Taiwan; and China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan.The original paper has been updated."}
{"text": "Habrolomaelaeocarpusi and Habrolomataxillusi . However, no holotype depository is indicated in the paper. This is mandatory after 1999 according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, and the new species names would be nomina nuda and unavailable , Mt. Osuzu, Tsuno-cho, Miyazaki Pref. NSMT-I-C-200345.Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-BP-a360), same data as holotype, NSMT-I-C-200346; 1\u2640 (MK-BP-k35), Isso, Yakushima-cho, Yaku Island, NSMT-I-C-200347.National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo (NSMT).The holotype and the paratypes are deposited at the Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraBuprestidae\ufeffB0E9B51B-5077-5A8D-8572-E77C05F34C59Holotype: Japan: \u2642 (MK-BP-k40), Yakukachi, Amami-shi, Kagoshima Pref., NSMT-I-C-200348.Paratype: Japan: 1\u2640(MK-BP-k39), same data as holotype, NSMT-I-C-200349.NSMT).The holotype and the paratype are deposited at the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo ("}
{"text": "Following publication of the original article , in thishttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/633931468139502235/Analyzing-health-equity-using-household-survey-data-a-guide-to-tech\u00adniques-and-their-implementationO\u2019Donnell O, van Doorslaer E, Wagstaff A, Lindelow M. Analyzing health equity using household survey data [Internet]. Analyzing health equity using household survey data. Washington, DC: World Bank Group; 2007. Available from: The original article has been corrected."}
{"text": "Before Automated Driving Systems (ADS) with full driving automation (SAE Level 5) are placed into practical use, the issue of calibrating drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS to an appropriate degree to avoid inappropriate disuse or improper use should be resolved. This study aimed to identify the factors that affected drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS. We conducted two online surveys. Of these, one explored the effects of automobile brands and drivers\u2019 trust in automobile brands on drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS using a Structural Equation Model (SEM). The other identified drivers\u2019 cognitive structures regarding automobile brands using the Free Word Association Test (FWAT) and summarized the characteristics that resulted in higher initial trust among drivers in Level 5 ADS. The results showed that drivers\u2019 trust in automobile brands positively impacted their initial trust in Level 5 ADS, which showed invariance across gender and age. In addition, the degree of drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS was significantly different across different automobile brands. Furthermore, for automobile brands with higher trust in automobile brands and Level 5 ADS, drivers\u2019 cognitive structures were richer and varied, which included particular characteristics. These findings suggest the necessity of considering the influence of automobile brands on calibrating drivers\u2019 initial trust in driving automation. Following the taxonomy and definition of driving automation by the Society of Automotive Engineers , an AutoTo realize the practical application of Level 5 ADS in society, both technical issues and social and human issues, such as drivers\u2019 trust calibration, should be solved. Based on Lee and See\u2019s definition of human-automation trust , driversTrust is dynamic because it develops as the relationship between the trustor and trustee advances ,9. Accorinitial trust.We aimed to focus on initial trust as it played an important role in the connection between dispositional, ongoing, and post-task trust ,11. FurtAccording to Lee and See\u2019s conceptual model of the dynamic process of trust in automation , prior iA brand is a name, symbol, trademark, or design used as an unique identifier of an individual, organization, or company in owned commodities and services to differentiate from those of its competitors ,19. JustBesides the automobile brand itself, drivers\u2019 trust in the automobile brand that developed the driving automation may be another possible influencing factor in the formation of the initial trust. Previous studies on consumer goods verified that consumers\u2019 purchase intention largely depended on their trust in the brand \u201324. For If drivers\u2019 trust in ADS depends on and can be influenced automobile brands that develop it, it is necessary to discuss the kinds of automobile brands that can earn more trust in themselves and an ADS. Previous studies found that consumers\u2019 trust in a brand depended on various factors, such as consumer satisfaction , perceivAutomobile brands and drivers\u2019 trust in automobile brands have the potential to influence drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS. However, few studies have provided direct evidence to verify whether or to what degree these influences existed.Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS depended on automobile brands that developed the Level 5 ADS and can be positively influenced by drivers\u2019 trust in the automobile brands. In addition, we aimed to explore drivers\u2019 cognition characteristics of automobile brands that could earn much more initial trust in Level 5 ADS by clarifying drivers\u2019 cognitive structures on the automobile brands. To achieve these, we conducted two online surveys and our hypotheses are as follows:Hypothesis 1 (H1): There would be a positive relationship between drivers\u2019 trust in automobile brands and their initial trust in Level 5 ADS.Hypothesis 2 (H2): The levels of drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS would differ across different automobile brands.Hypothesis 3 (H3): The cognitive structures of automobile brand drivers with higher trust and lower trust would have distinctly different characteristics.M = 44.6 years, SD = 11.8), with an ordinary license participated .An online survey in Japanese was conducted by commissioning an Internet Research Company in June 2020. In total, 206 anonymous Japanese drivers (103 men and 103 women), aged 18\u201369 years . Although informed consent could not be obtained since all participants were anonymously and randomly recruited in the sample pool of the Internet Research Company, all the participants were voluntary to finish the questionnaires without any prejudice and were paid according to the regulations of the Internet Research Company.The human-automation trust scale was proposed by Muir and Moray , which iTo verify H1, structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted using Amos version 26.0. Before the structural model was analyzed to examine the impact of trust in automobile brands on trust in Level 5 ADS, it was necessary to examine the goodness-of-fit (GOF) of the measurement model. Therefore, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the two variables was performed. Subsequently, the two measurement models were modified with modification indices  until a p < .05) ..p < .01)ps < .001). In the structural model, trust in automobile brands positively influenced trust in Level 5 ADS . For the model fit, the values of chi-square/df was approximately 5, GFI, AGFI, and CFI were greater than 0.9, and RMSEA was less than 0.05. These results indicated an acceptable model fit  . Since nM = 142.5, M = 20.5) were higher than those for the medium trust  and low trust groups .Since some participants were unable to come up with all five words related to automobile brands, 540 (effective rate 20.97%) valid words were obtained for all automobile brands, with 338 different words . Both vaA correlation analysis was conducted to confirm the relationship between valid word numbers, different word numbers, and trust in automobile brands as well as trust in Level 5 ADS. For each automobile brand, words listed only once were deleted, and the remaining (338 words) were categorized according to their meaning or property. The remaining words were divided into seven categories: \u201cbrand personality,\u201d \u201cproduct,\u201d \u201cperson,\u201d \u201ccountry/region,\u201d \u201cbrand/logo,\u201d \u201cadvertising\u201d and \u201cothers.\u201d The category of \u201cbrand personality,\u201d contained words that described participants\u2019 perceived brand personality, such as \u201creliable\u201d and \u201csafe.\u201d \u201cProduct\u201d contained words in the name of specific products. \u201cPerson\u201d contained names of persons related to the brand, such as the CEO or advertising spokesperson. For \u201ccountry/region,\u201d names of countries or cities in which the brands were located were mentioned. \u201cBrand/logo\u201d was related to the word that the brand or logo itself was associated with, such as aliases or what the logo looked like. Finally, words from the advertising slogans were contained in the category \u201cadvertising,\u201d and words that do not belong to any categories were contained \u201cothers.\u201d To clearly understand the drivers\u2019 cognitive structure for each brand, we drew word clouds with the remaining words Figs \u20139. HowevM = 6) than for brands in the medium (M = 4.5) and low trust groups (M = 4). Furthermore, it was highly positively correlated with both trust in automobile brands and trust in Level 5 ADS, although it was non-significant for both . However, there were no negative words associated with the other four brands.This study explored the relationship among automobile brands, drivers\u2019 trust in automobile brands, and drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS. Furthermore, we clarified the common characteristics of drivers\u2019 cognitive structures regarding automobile brands that could earn higher trust in automobile brands and higher initial trust in Level 5 ADS. We hypothesized that drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS was different across automobile brands and positively impacted by drivers\u2019 trust in automobile brands. Moreover, drivers\u2019 cognitive structures regarding automobile brands in the high trust group had some common characteristics. These findings were discussed and integrated with previous studies to provide implications for the practical use of Level 5 ADS.Consistent with H1, we found that when drivers did not have any direct interaction experience with Level 5 ADS, their initial trust was directly affected by the level of their trust in the automobile brand that developed it. Specifically, according to the results of Survey 1, trust in the automobile brand had a positive impact on trust in Level 5 ADS, which was invariant across gender and age. Accordingly, for automobile brands, promoting drivers\u2019 trust in automobile brands may also be a possible approach to promote drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS. In addition, the positive impact of trust in automobile brands on trust in Level 5 ADS implied that over-trust in automobile brands could lead to over-trust in Level 5 ADS. Meanwhile, distrust in automobile brands could lead to distrust in Level 5 ADS. Previous studies revealed the effectiveness of elaborate practice and adequate knowledge of driving automation on the calibration of drivers\u2019 initial trust in driving automation ,53. HoweSince significant differences in the level of consumers\u2019 brand trust existed among brands, we examined the discrimination of the chosen nine automobile brands at the level of drivers\u2019 brand trust before we verified H2 to avoid a type I error. The results showed that drivers\u2019 trust in automobile brands was indeed different across automobile brands, which indicated the good discrimination of the chosen automobile brands. According to the subsequent results, drivers\u2019 initial trust in Level 5 ADS was also different across different automobile brands. Thus, H2 was verified. This implied that automobile brands influenced drivers\u2019 initial trust in the Level 5 ADS, which provided empirical evidence for Lee and See\u2019s conceptual model of the dynamic process of trust in automation . To adjuBased on the associated words analyses from automobile brands via FWAT, H3 was confirmed. Furthermore, several common characteristics of drivers\u2019 cognitive structures of automobile brands earned higher trust in automobile brands and higher initial trust in Level 5 ADS.For automobile brands in the high trust group, both the number and category of associated words were far more than those in the medium and low trust groups. Therefore, for automobile brands that could earn higher trust in automobile brands and higher initial trust in Level 5 ADS, drivers had richer and more varied cognitive structures. This implied that to acquire higher trust in both the automobile brand itself and the Level 5 ADS, automobile brands should be well known and familiar to drivers, which was related to the accumulation of long-term brand promotion. Generally, familiarity was regarded as a precondition to trust somebody or something , and hasNo word relevant to \u201cproduct\u201d was associated with Brand 4 in the low trust group. In contrast, for the brands in the high and medium trust groups, many automobile products were associated. Even though the word number of \u201cproduct\u201d was quite different for each brand, the proportions of \u201cproduct\u201d in the total word number was approximately 40%. Among these associated products, many were classic automobile products with decades of history and generations of innovation, and some were special products with special functions or techniques. This indicated that the quality assurance of products played an important role in brand development. Product quality was reported to influence the level of brand trust by creating consumer satisfaction  and inflNo words relevant to \u201cperson\u201d or \u201cbrand personality\u201d were associated with brands in the medium trust group. Thus, it could be considered that for brands with medium trust, although the part of \u201cproduct\u201d existed in drivers\u2019 cognitive structures to almost the same degree as brands with high trust, there was always a missing piece, such as \u201cperson\u201d or \u201cbrand personality.\u201d Accordingly, use of the public influence of brand spokespersons to help promote brand influence and trust seemed effective. Although attractiveness of an advertisement spokesperson seemed relatively unimportant when consumers assessed a new high-technology product , a betteFocusing on Brand 3, the valid word number and different word numbers were both between the two brands in the high trust group, Brands 1 and 2, which implied that drivers\u2019 cognitive structures for Brand 3 were almost as rich and varied as Brand 1s and 2. Hence, Brand 3 could also be highly trusted. However, it was contradictory as Brand 3 was in the medium trust group. Since Brand 3 was the only brand that has some associated words  relevant to unethical events, it was concluded that the negative cognition composed of these words could be invalid in drivers\u2019 cognitive structures to help build trust or could even reduce the trust built previously. According to previous studies on business behavior and consumer trust, unethical business behavior and climate of the employees and organizations were significantly related to lower levels of trust ,30. In cOur findings have several practical implications for calibrating initial trust in Level 5 ADS. To avoid the disuse and misuse of Level 5 ADS, the influence of automobile brands should be considered during the initial trust calibration. For automobile corporations, determining consumers\u2019 cognition of their automobile brands and performing targeted brand management based on consumers\u2019 cognition is required. This may help eliminate consumers\u2019 distrust in their Level 5 ADS. In contrast, drivers\u2019 over-trust in Level 5 ADS in some highly trusted automobile brands may exist, which can lead to misuse, and thus, cause negative consequences, such as severe accidents. Therefore, for a more appropriate initial trust of drivers in Level 5 ADS, it is also necessary to pay attention to the prevention of drivers\u2019 over-trust in the automobile brands. Finally, considering the existing problems of distrust and over-trust in driving automation and common civil and market attributes of ADS with various SAE levels of driving automation , the praFirst, this study selected only nine automobile brands to verify the hypotheses in Survey 1. In addition, only five brands were further selected in Survey 2. However, besides the selected brands, many other brands or companies have been developing driving automation. Therefore, the relationships between automobile brands, trust in automobile brands, initial trust in Level 5 ADS, and drivers\u2019 cognitive structures of automobile brands should be examined with more automobile brands. In contrast, since only one or two brands were selected for each trust group in survey 2, more conclusions regarding drivers\u2019 cognitive structures of automobile brands could not be drawn. Moreover, all the findings should be further confirmed with experimental research that can manipulate brand characteristics to observe the differences in the levels of initial trust in driving automation. Finally, this study focused only on the brands of traditional automobile manufacturers. Currently, the social realization of driving automation is also associated with entities other than traditional automobile manufacturers, such as technology and transportation service companies , which also provide technological or service support for the development of driving automation. Therefore, research can focus on trust formation when a vehicle with ADS was manufactured and promoted by multiple entities, instead of only traditional automobile manufacturers.The level of drivers\u2019 initial trust in the Level 5 ADS depended on the automobile brand that developed the Level 5 ADS and could be positively influenced by the levels of drivers\u2019 trust in the automobile brands. For automobile brands that could earn higher levels of driver trust in the automobile brand and Level 5 ADS, drivers possessed richer and more varied cognitive structures with some particular characteristics. Consequently, the influence of automobile brands and drivers\u2019 prior trust in automobile brands should be noted for the initial trust calibration of Level 5 ADS to avoid future disuse and misuse.S1 File(PDF)Click here for additional data file. 24 Jan 2023 <div> PONE-D-22-29912 </div>  <div> Effects of brand and brand trust on initial trust in fully automated driving system </div>  <div> PLOS ONEDear Dr. Cui, </div>  <div> \u00a0 </div>  <div> Please submit your revised manuscript by Mar 10 2023 11:59PM. If you will need more time than this to complete your revisions, please reply to this message or contact the journal office at\u00a0plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. 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Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0No********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Thank you for the timely contribution. I only have a couple of questions/suggestions that the authors may want to consider.1. Although the study doesn't focus primarily on dispositional trust, it would be interesting and helpful to see results cut by age and gender, as the samples include a wide age range and has a balanced gender split. Presenting such result may also help readers to better understand the possible linkage between dispositional and initial trust.2. Driving automation is not only offered by automobile manufacturers, but also from technology companies focused on the software development, and also distributed through transportation service companies such as Uber and Lyft. I'm wondering how trust may form when there are multiple producing/delivery parties involved, and if there's anything that can be inferred on this topic from the study conducted.Reviewer #2:\u00a0Dear author,Thank you for submitting your article for review. I have reviewed the document and have added my feedback to the attached PDF. If there are any you do not agree with, please provide a suitable rebuttal. Finally, the manuscript requires thorough proofreading to remove grammatical errors and words used in the wrong context.Thank you for your time and I wish you the best of luck with your future research.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 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Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0AttachmentPONE-D-22-29912_reviewer.pdfSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 22 Mar 2023Dear Reviewers,Thank you very much for the comments and suggestions. We have further revised the manuscript for further improvement based on your comments. The major changes in the manuscript are as follows:1.We have revised the sentences in \u201cIntroduction\u201d to make clearer statements of the driving automation referred in the current study .2.We have changed all of the \u201cfully automated driving system (FADS)\u201d to \u201cAutomated Driving System with full driving automation (Level 5 ADS)\u201d based on the the taxonomy and definition of driving automation by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE 2021).3.We have added data analyses against age and gender for study 1 .4.We have added limitations of the current study  5.We have addressed the language problems throughout the manuscript to make clearer statements.All of the changes made in the revised manuscript have been highlighted in yellow in the file \"Revised Manuscript with Track Changes\" except for the format and language issues. The followings are our reply to your comments one by one. Reviewer #1Comment 1Although the study doesn't focus primarily on dispositional trust, it would be interesting and helpful to see results cut by age and gender, as the samples include a wide age range and has a balanced gender split. Presenting such result may also help readers to better understand the possible linkage between dispositional and initial trust.Reply Thank you for your suggestions.For survey 1, we have added analyses against age and gender to test whether the effect of trust in automobile brand on trust in Level 5 ADS is invariant across gender and age. We updated the details of the methods . \u201cSince people of different ages and gender can develop initial trust in driving automation based on different factors, such as cognitive or emotional factors towards driving automation [41], it was also necessary to verify whether the effect of trust in automobile brands on trust in Level 5 ADS was invariant across gender and age. For sex, a multigroup invariance test was performed, and the invariance was indicated by a significant difference in the chi-square value (p < .05) [40] or \u0394CFI, \u0394GFI, \u0394AGFI, and \u0394RMSEA, which were not higher than 0.01 [42]. For age, the invariance was indicated by the non-significant moderating effect of age on the relationship. Therefore, a \u201cmoderation by interaction terms\u201d method [43] was used, in which age was first multiplied with the scores of each item of trust in the automobile brand, and the subsequent combined effect was examined against trust in Level ADS. \u201dFor gender, we added multigroup invariance test. The results showed the positive effect of trust in automobile brand on trust in Level 5 ADS was invariant for male  and female  . Then for age, we added moderating effect test by \u201cmoderation by interaction terms\u201d based on the previous structural equation modeling. The results showed the moderating effect of age was not significant on the relationship between trust in automobile brand and trust in Level 5 ADS  . However, because of the invariant results across age and gender for survey 1, we did not continue to add analyses against age and gender for survey 2.41.Cui Z, Tu N, Lee J, Itoh M. Influence of Demographic Factors and Automobile Brands on the Structure of Initial Trust in Driving Automation. In: 2023 Transportation Research Board 102nd Annual Meeting. 2023.https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.41142.Anderson JC, Gerbing DW. Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological bulletin. 1988;103(3): 411-423. doi: 43.Wu G, Hu Z, Zheng J. Role stress, job burnout, and job performance in construction project managers: the moderating role of career calling. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2019;16(13): 2394. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16132394 PMID: 31284496Comment 2Driving automation is not only offered by automobile manufacturers, but also from technology companies focused on the software development, and also distributed through transportation service companies such as Uber and Lyft. I'm wondering how trust may form when there are multiple producing/delivery parties involved, and if there's anything that can be inferred on this topic from the study conducted.Reply Thank you for your comments.We agree with your opinion about discussing trust formation when there are multiple producing/delivery parties involved. This is actually a limitation of our study. We have added sentences in the section \u201cLimitation\u201d  to make further statements of the limitations of the current study and possible research topic in the future. \u201cFinally, this study focused only on the brands of traditional automobile manufacturers. Currently, the social realization of driving automation is also associated with entities other than traditional automobile manufacturers, such as technology and transportation service companies , which also provide technological or service support for the development of driving automation. Therefore, research can focus on trust formation when a vehicle with ADS was manufactured and promoted by multiple entities, instead of only traditional automobile manufacturers. \u201dReviewer #2Comment 1The manuscript requires thorough proofreading to remove grammatical errors and words used in the wrong context. Page 2, line 17\uff1bPage 8 line 130; Page 9 line 157: \u201cwin\u201d ReplyThank you for your comments. We have changed \"win\" to \"earn\" in the three places and checked the same wrongs in other places such as Page 7 line 126; Page 8 lines 151; Page 24 line 404; Page 25 line 439; Page 26 line 443; Page 27 line 470; Page 29 line 522. Besides, we checked other language-usage issues.Comment 2Page 2 line 19 in abstract: Please revise this sentence \u201cFor automobile brands highly trusted in, drivers possess more rich and various cognitive structures with some particular characteristics. \u201dReplyThank you for your suggestions. We have revised the sentence in abstract to \u201cfor automobile brands with higher trust in automobile brands and Level 5 ADS, drivers\u2019 cognitive structures were richer and varied, which included particular characteristics.\u201d Comment 3Page 3 line 24: Should talk about SAE levels - you are referring to Level 5, which are a long way from being a realityReplyThank you for your suggestions. We have revised the the first paragraph  to make clearer statements. Since the survey object is automated driving system with full driving automation (SAE level 5), we also changed all \u201cFADS\u201d to \u201cLevel 5 ADS\u201d following the descriptions in the document \u201cTaxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles (J3016_202104)\u201d from SAE International. \u201cFollowing the taxonomy and definition of driving automation by the Society of Automotive Engineers [1], an Automated Driving System (ADS) with full driving automation (Level 5) can operate vehicles under all road conditions, just as a skilled human driver, and does not require any supervision. Although Level 5 ADS is a long way from reality, its practical application is always expected since it can further optimize the traffic environment and help decrease the risk rate of traffic accidents.\u201dComment 4Page 3 line 41: Based on your definition of FADs there are no conditions they operate as they are not a reality. I would limit the capability of what you define as a FAD to Level 4 in the introduction.ReplyThank you for your comments. We have rechecked the literature we referred and the descriptions of driving automation in the document \u201cTaxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles (J3016_202104)\u201d from SAE International. We realized our mistakes in the understanding and presentation of FAD. Therefore, we deleted the inappropriate quotation of the previous studies, changed all \u201cFADS\u201d to \u201cLevel 5 ADS\u201d and revised the sentences  to make clearer statements. \u201cLevel 5 ADS can work under all road conditions, just as a skilled human driver, and can reduce risk in unmanageable conditions, such as flooded roads and glare ice [1]. However, drivers\u2019 over-trust and misuse of Level 5 ADS are problems that are impossible to predict. Therefore, the appropriate calibration of drivers\u2019 trust in Level 5 ADS should be considered to ensure their appropriate use in the future.\u201dIn addition, we added sentences in the section of \u201cPractice implications\u201d (Page 28 line 499-502) to further state that the practice implications from our findings may also be applicable for calibrating initial trust in Automated Driving System with other SAE levels of driving automation besides Level 5 ADS. \u201cFinally, this study focused only on the brands of traditional automobile manufacturers. Currently, the social realization of driving automation is also associated with entities other than traditional automobile manufacturers, such as technology and transportation service companies , which also provide technological or service support for the development of driving automation. Therefore, research can focus on trust formation when a vehicle with ADS was manufactured and promoted by multiple entities, instead of only traditional automobile manufacturers. \u201dComment 5Page 9 line 160: You are assuming that all brands increases trust. Wouldn\u2019t you assume that a strong respected brand would increase trust and the least respected brand would lower trust?ReplyThank you for your comments. We have revised the sentences  to make clearer hypothesis. \u201cHypothesis 1 (H1): There would be a positive relationship between drivers\u2019 trust in automobile brands and their initial trust in Level 5 ADS. \u201dComment 6Page 9 line 164: \u201c higher and less initial trust \u201d Doesn't make sense.ReplyThank you for your comments. We have revised the sentences  to make a clearer Hypothesis 3. \u201cHypothesis 3 (H3): The cognitive structures of automobile brand drivers with higher trust and lower trust would have distinctly different characteristics.\u201dComment 7Page 10 line 171: Was this survey in English or Japanese? Please state clearly.ReplyThank you for your suggestions.We have added \u201cin Japanese\u201d to make a clearer state for both survey 1  and survey 2 Comment 8Page 10 line 179: \u201cBrand 1 in the current paper. Brand 1, Brand 2\u201dPlease state these Brands e.g. Honda, Mercedes, etc.Page 18 line 288: \u201c Brand 1 and 2 in the high trust group, Brand 3 and 5 \u201d Again, must make it very clear what these brands werePage 24-25 line 383-392: Figure 5-9, Not readableReplyThank you for your suggestions.We did not revise these, because we have to comply with our ethics review results and hide the actual brands surveyed in the current study. For figure 5-9, the unreadable words with mosaics were those can easily lead readers to know what these brands are, such as the name of the product.Comment 9Page 10 line 187: \u201cfollowing\u201dfollowing what?ReplyThank you for your comments.We have added the missed words \u201cthe descriptions of SAE\u201d (Page 10 line 177).Comment 10Page 17 line 272: \u201cThe above results of repeated\u201d Don't use the term above or below, state the sectionReplyThank you for your comments.We have revised the sentences to \u201cThe results of the repeated measures ANOVA on the main effect of automobile brand on trust showed both trust in automobile brand and trust in Level 5 ADS significantly differ across automobile brands.\u201d to clearly state the section  \u201d Any females? ReplyThank you for your comments.We have checked the raw data and added the data of females (Page 17 line 287).Comment 11Page 17 line 283: \u201c right, seems very high?ReplyThank you for your comments.We have checked the raw data and revised the inaccurate or wrong values of age (Page 17 line 287). The accurate age range of the collected samples in study 2 was 25-70 years. Since there were 23.3% of 40-49 years, 33.0% of 50-59 years, and 22.3% of over 60 years, the averaged age was actually very high.Comment 12https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_201806/\u201d, Updated version: https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_202104/Page 33 line 548: \u201cSAE. Taxonomy and definitions for terms related to on-road motor vehicle automated Driving Systems. 2018;J3016_201806. Available from: ReplyThank you for your comments. https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_202104/. \u201dWe have updated the newest version in the reference list for introduction. \u201c[1]SAE. Taxonomy and definitions for terms related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicle. 2021; J3016_202104. Available from: https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_201806/.\u201dFor the one for method, because study 1 was conducted in 2020, during which the version of J3016_201806 was used to introduce driving automation to the participants, we added another reference in the reference list. \u201c[37] SAE. Taxonomy and definitions for terms related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicle. 2018; J3016_201806. Available from:  5 Apr 2023Effects of brand and brand trust on initial trust in\u00a0fully automated driving systemPONE-D-22-29912R1Dear Dr. Cui,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Please see the comment\u00a0of Reviewer #1 (below)\u00a0asking you to explain\u00a0how\u00a0the L5 ADS was described to the respondents. I encourage you to insert this information into the final proof. Additionally, you may wish to clarify right before listing your hypotheses that they are based on your considerations\u00a0presented above.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Wojciech Trzebinski, Ph.D.Academic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> 1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0All comments have been addressedReviewer #2:\u00a0All comments have been addressed********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Thank you for addressing all previous comments. The only question I have left is how the L5 ADS was described to the respondents. Given that self-driving is a concept that is widely misunderstood by the general public, it would be helpful to see how the term was presented to participants and how a baseline understanding was established.Reviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0No********** 26 Apr 2023PONE-D-22-29912R1 Effects of brand and brand trust on initial trust in fully automated driving systemDear Dr. Cui:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofDr. Wojciech Trzebinski Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "Medical students are potential marketing targets for pharmaceutical companies because established prescribing habits are not easily altered. In 2014, Bruno Etain and several other researchers published a paper which investigated the knowledge of and opinions on potential conflict of interest (COI) with regard to preclinical and clinical students enrolled in medical schools in France and residents working in hospitals. An empirical survey study with Korean medical students concerning their educational experiences and views on conflicts of interest and comparing and contrasting the results with Etain\u2019s study of French medical students. Receipt of direct or indirect financial offerings from pharmaceutical industries was not properly recognised as COI by the medical students. Therefore, strengthening education on COI and implementing institutional improvements for COI disclosure are essential to prevent bias caused by COI and enhance awareness levels regarding COI. There are many studies , 2 demonMedical students, interns and residents (hereafter referred to as \u201cstudents\u201d) are potential marketing targets for pharmaceutical companies because established prescribing habits are not easily altered .A conflict of interest (hereafter referred to as \u201cCOI\u201d) is a set of circumstances that creates a risk that professional judgment or actions regarding a primary interest(ex. the welfare of patients) will be unduly influenced by a secondary interest .COI is a specific \u2019circumstance.\u2019 Therefore, while it may not be a problem in itself, it has a high likelihood of leading to biases. Hence, proactive measures are necessary to prevent it, and \"disclosure\" is widely recognized as a common solution .Recently in Korea, an Act on the Prevention of COI Related to Duties of Public Servants was passed on May 18, 2021 with its main content featuring the prohibition of public officials from pursuing personal interests in their duties . In addiIn general, rebates refer to the act or the amount by which a seller reduces the selling price by refunding a portion of the sale to the buyer to promote sales.However, under the Korean Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, the pharmaceutical sales rebate refers to a \u2019kickback\u2019 wherein a doctor receives private profits in correspondence to the prescription and purchase of necessary drugs from a pharmaceutical company or supplier while prescribing drugs for medical treatment.Types of pharmaceutical sales rebates announced by Korea\u2019s Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) include \u2460 drug adoption case fees, \u2461 drug prescription case fees, \u2462 regular advisory fees, \u2463 tourism or meal expenses, and \u2464 expenses related to overseas conference attendance.In particular, the revised Pharmaceutical Affairs Act mandates the preparation, storage, submission, and disclosure of an expenditure report on the provision of economic benefits by pharmaceutical suppliers. Moreover, it grants the Minister of Health and Welfare the authority to investigate the actual condition of the expenditure report and announce the results. In addition, it stipulates the obligations related to prohibiting the provision of rebates and submitting expenditure reports of pharmaceutical sales representatives.According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare\u2019s \u2019Notification Status of Illegal Rebate Detection between 2015 and 2018,\u2019 it appears that illegal rebates have been gradually decreasing. However, it has been discovered that rebates are not actually decreasing, but rather that pharmaceutical companies are providing rebates through sales agencies known as CSOs , resulting in their exclusion from the statistics. They are taking advantage of the fact that CSOs are not classified as drug suppliers under the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, making it impossible to impose penalties even if they are caught .In 2014, Bruno Etain and several other researchers published a paper which investigated the knowledge and opinions regarding COI in relation to preclinical and clinical students enrolled in medical schools in France as well as residents working in hospitals.(8) In this paper, many of the respondents reported that they thought they knew about COI but did not properly identify it in its proper context; as such, they reported they were not properly educated on COI. In addition, many students were exposed to pharmaceutical representatives, and they held the contradictory belief that biases could affect others but not themselves.In Korea, as in France, all students are frequently exposed to marketing by pharmaceutical sales representatives and are likely to face various situations involving a COI.In this context, we also conducted a survey of students in Korea to collect quantitative information on knowledge, education, personal exposure, and opinions about COI and to identify priorities for future education on COI. In addition, we tried to compare the differences in attitudes toward COI between Korean and French students.This paper aims to identify the following: \u2460 Korean students\u2019 ability to identify some common situations as a potential COI; \u2461 Korean students reports and views about their education on COI; \u2462 Korean students perceptions of the bias induced by COI on themselves and others.Prior to the start of the study, we asked Etain, the author of the previous research paper , if it wNext, the questionnaire used in the previous study was received and translated. In order to reduce translation errors, a questionnaire was distributed to 10 students in advance to evaluate their understanding and reflect their opinion on the subject.After receiving IRB approval in January 2022, we called the administrative department of a medical institution designated as a medical school and resident training institution in Korea. The purpose of the survey was explained, and a request was made to collect the survey; accordingly, a written questionnaire was sent to organizations that accepted the request. A link to the online survey was sent to the residents of the institution where the author is working. The survey ended in June 2022, and data extraction and analysis were carried out.Participation was voluntary, anonymous, and open to all students. This involved those who were considered preclinical ; clinical ; and residents (one to four years). The potential participants were students who received questionnaires through staff at the institution, but the exact number of students who received them was unknown.All statistical analyses were conducted using the \u2019statsmodels\u2019 and \u2019scipy\u2019 packages in Python; the same analysis method was used for comparative analysis with the previous research paper. We were able to obtain the mean and standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables. Chi-square tests were used for the comparison of categorical variables. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the effect of selected variables on the perceived potential influence of COI on prescriptions (for self and for others). The results were checked using beta, standard deviation, p-value, and the odds ratio. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.In total, 388 students participated . A large number of students reported insufficient education on COI (63.7%) and reported infrequent attendance in lectures (8.5%) or personal research (10.3%). Additionally, over half of the respondents (54.6%) expressed interest in COI information regarding their courses.Upon comparing the results of previous studies conducted in France and Korea, the proportions of the two items(3.3./3.4.) were similar, as depicted in the In response to the question, \"Do you think you know how to define what a COI is?\", only 24.8% responded that they could define it, and there was no significant difference by class level . Compared to the results of a previous study in which (64.6%) of French students claimed they could define it, Korean students\u2019 knowledge about COI was found to be low (24.8%).In addition, Students who answered \"Yes\" to at least one of the following two questions were 51 (13.1%): \"Do you think you received enough information about COI disclosure?\" and \"Have you ever received a special lecture or individual training on COI?\u201d. Furthermore, out of the 51 respondents who answered \"Yes\" to at least one of the questions, 23 (45.1%) of them responded with \"No\" or \"I\u2019m not sure\" to the question \"Do you think you know how to define what a COI is?\", indicating that COI education is not being properly conducted.Give this, 35.5% in Set 1 and 45.6% in Set 2 considered monetary offerings as COI, demonstrating a higher awareness of direct offerings than indirect offerings. However, the percentage was still at a low level, occupying less than half of the set. With the exception of a close relative employed by the PI, we observed a moderately increased recognition of COI for all situations as the class level increased. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant when comparing the responses of students according to class level.Compared to the results of previous studies in France, Set 1 (34.5%) was at a similar level to Korea, but Set 2 (71.7%) showed a significantly higher level of awareness than Korean students. Among them, the largest difference was seen for holding stock, and the lowest difference was for receiving small gifts such as books and pens. In addition, French students showed similar COI recognition rates by class level, but Korean students showed a large difference.In the additional analysis of Regarding the question of whether a COI can cause bias, the percentage of those who think others can develop a bias is high (69.8%), while the percentage of those who think they can develop a bias is low (12.8%), thereby showing a contradictory tendency. This was similar to the French students in previous studies, but we found that the French students had a greater gap regarding the likelihood of bias occurring in others (79.7%) and in themselves (11.9%).When asked about transparency in disclosing their COI to patients or the public, residents in the higher education level were less likely to disclose than preclinical/clinical students, showing similar educational-level tendencies to French students, but with lower response rates.In particular Further analysis of Compared to the results of the survey in France, our survey shows similar tendencies overall. This was a similar tendency to be observed in the United States, Canada, and other countries. , 10 AddiThis study showed that Korean students could not properly identify COI situations. As their education level goes up, they are more exposed to pharmaceutical industry representatives and receive more gifts. In addition, Korean students presented a contradictory idea that bias might happen to other people, but bias would not happen to them similar to the results in previous study.Further analysis revealed that respondents who believed they had knowledge about COI (18.9%) reported a higher incidence of receiving gifts compared to those who believed they lacked knowledge (3.0%). On the other hand, these results suggest that students with more exposure to pharmaceutical salespeople or receiving gifts had a better understanding of COI. Therefore, further analysis through follow-up studies is necessary.The strengths of this study include the diverse participation of medical students, interns, and residents at all stages of medical education. In particular, residents evenly participated in 18 out of the 26 training departments operating in Korea, with the exception of 5 departments with a total quota of less than 50.However, The main potential limitation of this study is the lack of representation, which is also showed in previous studies. The majority of respondents were locally concentrated in some regions , with more than half of them being enrolled at the clinical level . This imbalance is expected to reflect the following reasons: The survey on COI for students in Korea is the first attempt. In addition, many surveyed organizations were reluctant to distribute the questionnaire due to lack of understanding of COI and administrative burden.The lack of representation is thought to be partially offset by the following points: (1) This is the first attempt in Korea to investigate the COI awareness of students, so it could provide an important basis on the need for COI education in future medical education; and (2) it provides quantitative data on potential differences in perception according to curriculum stage, including among preclinical and clinical students.Interestingly, the \"Yes\" response was high (69.8%) in the \"Consequences of COI for others\" question, while the \"Yes\" response was low (12.8%) in the \"Self-consequences of COI\" question. This can be interpreted as a contradictory situation, but if you think about it differently, it can be interpreted that many students have a basic sense of ethics to prevent bias from occurring due to COI.Currently, medical ethics education for medical students in Korea faces challenges due to an absolute lack of class time, insufficient presence of related scholars, unclear educational goals, and inadequate development of methodologies. Additionally, there is a lack of education specifically addressing COI , 12.Therefore, if students spend more time on quality COI education to clearly understand the concept of COI and improve their ability to judge COI situations accurately and develop individual ethical awareness, then this will be the best way to prevent bias from occurring.Next, there will have to be systematic support. This should involve your own COI disclosure method as well as a convenient and diversified method of requesting others\u2019 COI disclosures to prevent the occurrence of bias caused by COI and increase the level of awareness.S1 File(XLSX)Click here for additional data file. 6 Jun 2023 <div> PONE-D-23-08482 </div>  <div> Attitudes of medical students on conflict of interest: A comparative study of Korea and France </div>  <div> PLOS ONEDear Dr. Choe,Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.The two reviewers have provided many useful and constructive comments and suggestions for improvement\u200b. 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Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Partly********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0No********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0No********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Thank you very much for your studyI have some comments that I list in chronological order1. Line 27: \u201clecture participation in COI affected future prescriptions more\u201d is unclear2. Line 50: \u201che was exposed to pharmaceutical sales representatives a lot, and he had a contradictory idea that he would not be biased, although others could be\u201d is unclear: one could understand that Etain himself is exposed to pharmaceutical sales representatives while its conclusion concerns students.3. Line 70: \u201ca questionnaire was distributed to 10 students in advance to evaluate their 70 understanding and reflect their opinion on the subject\u201d. Did you modify the questionnaire according to this first evaluation?4. Line 79: \u201cThe potential participants \u00bb : can you precise how many potentials participants were expected?5. Line 93: \u201cAlthough they expressed interest in whether the courses they attended concerned COI (54.6%), about half said the professors teaching the courses did not disclose their COI information (46.4%)\u201d: I think that these ideas are not related and should not be in the same sentence.6. Lines 105 to 107: the 51 students are probably the same in the 2 part of the paragraph but can you precise?7. Table 1: can you precise that Etain and al wanted to investigate the Medical Students\u2019 Knowledge of Situations at Risk of COI according to their level within medical school (and so did you)?8. Line 120 and 121: can you precise what this percentages (ie: 34.5 and 71.7) refer to?9. Line 124: \u201cbut Korean students showed a large difference\u201d the study is not designed to show a difference. Moreover p values are statistically significative in both study: I think that this important point deserve clarification10. In table 2, in spite of the impossibility of statistical comparison, there is a marked difference between France and Korea in exposure to marketing strategies: do you have any explanation (within the discussion part)?11. The data within tables 4 and 5 are original and were not in the study of Etain and al: perhaps it deserves more comments in the discussion?12. Line 165: this sentence should be moved from the results section to the discussion and probably deserve a larger analysis regarding this paradoxical result.13. Line 190: this sentence is unclearReviewer #2:\u00a0Korean medical student attitudes on COIPlosOneSynopsisThis paper replicates a French study looking at attitudes and perceptions amongst medical students around conflicts of interest. It provides results of a survey of students and junior doctors about their reported understanding and views about conflict of interest and their experiences interacting with pharmaceutical industry representatives.Overall commentThis is a useful paper and provides important information to document knowledge and attitudes about COI amongst Korean medical students/junior doctors. As far as I am aware this is the first paper to report on this topic in Korea. I commend the authors for reporting on this and look forward to seeing it add to the literature. We need these kinds of baseline papers in order to assess interventions to reduce the influence from industry on healthcare. I have some minor comments about wording and presentation, I hope the authors can address these without too much difficulty, to make this a more readable paper. I also suggest the authors are more circumspect in their claims about the degree to which their survey response is representative of the target population since they do not know the numbers in their target audience.I did not receive any supplementary files to review. It would be useful for the reader to have access to the survey questions.Specific comments:INTRODUCTIONP3, line 39 / para 1 I do not understand the concept of \u2018rebates in pharmaceutical sales\u2019. Can the authors elaborate on the current system in Korea to which this refers? What are the rebates / who gets them / who gives them / how are they awarded etc.P4, line 50 onwards / para 1 The authors\u2019 representation of Etain et al\u2019s paper was confusing. I think the syntax needs review. For example, it reads as if Etain et al were exposed to pharma reps a lot and had contradictory ideas about bias. I think the authors mean to say that Etain et al found that medical students were exposed etc.P4, line 55 / para 3 The authors call this a qualitative survey  but it is a quantitative survey. They also say they compare attitudes amongst students, but they also compare knowledge, education, experiences with pharma reps etc.P4, lines 59-63 / para 4 I am not sure this paper needs an \u2018hypothesis\u2019 approach. This paragraph could be reworded to simply present the aim.Overall the introduction could benefit from some more intensive introductory discussion about COI amongst medical students / doctors \u2013 eg why this topic is important and worth studying. do eg explain why we care about it, what are the potential harms, what is the evidence of influence, what do we even mean by the term COI. There is much useful evidence on this topic that the authors could make use of \u2013 for example the authors might like to explore the reference list in a previous publication of mine on this topichttps://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2019/12/12/lisa-parker-im-more-susceptible-to-drug-company-money-that-id-like-to-be/PARKER L (2019) I\u2019m more susceptible to drug company money than I\u2019d like to be. British Medical Journal, 19 December. Available at: METHODSThe authors recruit students and junior doctors, but throughout the paper typically use the term \u2018students\u2019. I suggest adding a line to explain that the term student will be used to mean all the participants unless otherwise specified, so the readers are clear.P5, line 80-81 / para 4 The authors do not make any kind of claim that they wrote to all medical schools or all resident institutions. They do not know the exact number who received the survey so cannot supply a response rate. Given all this, I suggest there is no substance to the claim they make in the Discussion that this represents the views of all Korean students. Nevertheless, their survey response numbers are substantial and this remains a very worthy study. I suggest the authors try to give some kind of context to their numbers to help readers who are unfamiliar with Korea \u2013 eg, how many medical schools are there in Korea, and can they estimate approximately how many residents there are  or if those figures are unavailable, maybe estimate how many resident institutions there are?RESULTSP6, line 94 / para 3 The authors write \u2018although [students] expressed interest in whether the courses they attended concerned COI \u2026\u2019 I am not sure what this means \u2013 can the authors expand?P6, lines 96-100 / para 4 This paragraph lists ratios of items, I don\u2019t understand what this means, what is the ratio the authors are referring to? Do they just mean % of students who answered \u2018yes\u2019 to each question?P8, line 114 / para 1 The authors report that \u201835.5% in Set 1 and 45.6% in Set 2 thought monetary offerings generated a COI\u2019. A similar statement is repeated on p9,line 120 / para 1 and on p 13, line 152/para 1. I don\u2019t understand this statement. I thought Set 1 and Set 2 were just groupings of questions, not groupings of participants?P11, line 142 / para 2 I suggest EDITING to read: \u201cdetermine whether personal research on COI or lecture participation in COI affected BELIEFS ABOUT IMPACT OF COI ON future prescriptions BY SELF OR OTHERS more.\u201dTable 3 I found this table very hard to interpret, and the summary sentence after it  was also hard to understand. Can the authors please clarify the meaning of this table, perhaps providing the results in a different format would help?Table 4 I suggest the authors specify \u201cKorean medical students\u201d in the title, and can then delete the row of K K K K. This could be repeated in Table 5. I don\u2019t understand the point of providing a P-value in this table or Table 5. I can\u2019t see that it is relevant whether or not there is statistical significance between the \u2018yes/no/don\u2019t know\u2019 groups.P 13, line 158 \u201cThe degree to which it affects\u2026\u201d Can the authors explain what they are talking about here?P14, line 167 / para 3 I suggest the following EDITS: \u201cRegarding the STUDENTS\u2019 PERCEPTION ABOUT possibility of bias\u2026\u201dDISCUSSIONP 15, line 179 / para 4 I suggest omitting this presentation of the paper as an hypothesis approach, as mentioned earlier.P 15, line 182 / parka 5 Can the authors clarify their meaning: \u201cWe met the minimum study population of 95% confidence level \u2026\u201dP 16, line 185-188 As mentioned above, I don\u2019t think the authors can claim that this survey represents the opinions of Korean medical studentsP 16, line 200 / para 5 The authors suggest students should spend more time on quality education about COI, but I wonder whether this is ignoring the responsibility of the educational institutions to encourage accurate and interesting education for students. Can the authors provide any evidence / references about this.P 17, line 17 / para 1 I really would like to see some stronger referencing of the literature on COI and suggests about systemic interventions that might reduce the influence of pharma reps / industry on students. This should go beyond individual disclosure / mandated transparency and might include topics such as : hospital / university policies to reduce pharma rep access to students, hospital / industry policies to limit the type of pharma rep gift giving and the amounts involved, university and hospital policies to limit the use of teachers who accept pharma industry gifts etc etc. Again, I encourage the authors to read widely around the topic of COI and how to reduce it so that they can provide a stronger argument and more useful suggestions for how Korea might address this issue in its healthcare system.********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoYes:\u00a0Lisa ParkerReviewer #2:\u00a0**********https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0AttachmentKorean medical student attitudes on COI.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 23 Jul 2023Response to ReviewersReviewers' comments:Reviewer #1: Thank you very much for your studyI have some comments that I list in chronological orderThank you so much-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Line 27: \u201clecture participation in COI affected future prescriptions more\u201d is unclearGiven the modifications made to the contents and format of Table 3, the corresponding comment section has been updated as follows.:\u201cAs students moved up to higher education courses, they had greater interaction with pharmaceutical industry representatives, received more gifts, and displayed an increased likelihood of acknowledging the influence of COI on biases.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 29-32] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Line 50: \u201che was exposed to pharmaceutical sales representatives a lot, and he had a contradictory idea that he would not be biased, although others could be\u201d is unclear: one could understand that Etain himself is exposed to pharmaceutical sales representatives while its conclusion concerns students.We revised the sentence as follows: \u201cIn addition, many students were exposed to pharmaceutical representatives, and they held the contradictory belief that biases could affect others but not themselves.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 86-88] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. Line 70: \u201ca questionnaire was distributed to 10 students in advance to evaluate their 70 understanding and reflect their opinion on the subject\u201d. Did you modify the questionnaire according to this first evaluation?First of all, \u201c70\u201d is a number that means line number, and the subjects of the first evaluation were 10 students.In addition, the following Korean expressions were clearly incorporate some of the opinions from the initial evaluation. For instance, there were suggestions to explicitly mention the gift or financial support provider  and to convey the intended meaning of the phrase ('impression of \u201cbeing bought\"') more clearly. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. Line 79: \u201cThe potential participants \u00bb : can you precise how many potentials participants were expected?\"The potential partners\" means the total sample size of this study.The number of subjects in this study is shown in the following table.The number of subjects in the above is not arbitrarily determined by the author but is based on data released by relevant public institutions.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. Line 93: \u201cAlthough they expressed interest in whether the courses they attended concerned COI (54.6%), about half said the professors teaching the courses did not disclose their COI information (46.4%)\u201d: I think that these ideas are not related and should not be in the same sentence.The questionnaire corresponding to the question is as follows.4.6. I would like to know the COI of my teachers when they teach me? 1) Yes (54.6%) 2) No 3) Don't know 4.5. Do your teachers mention their COI during their lessons? 1) Don't know 2) No (46.4%) 3) Some 4) AllWe agree with you.While the question holds individual value, I realized that it is inappropriate to express it in the same sentence since 'professor' and 'course' are not specified.We revised the sentence as follows: \u201cA large number of students reported insufficient education on COI (63.7%) and reported infrequent attendance in lectures (8.5%) or personal research (10.3%). Additionally, over half of the respondents (54.6%) expressed interest in COI information regarding their courses.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 131-134]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. Lines 105 to 107: the 51 students are probably the same in the 2 part of the paragraph but can you precise?The questionnaire corresponding to the question is as follows.3.2. During your studies, do you feel that you received enough information about declaration of COI? 1) Yes 2) No 3) Don't know3.3. During your studies, did you receive a lecture or a tutorial on COI? 1) Yes 2) No 2.1. Do you think you know how to define what a COI is? 1) Yes 2) No 3) I'm not sureThere were 35 respondents who answered 'Yes' to question 3.2, 33 respondents who answered 'Yes' to question 3.3, and 17 respondents who answered 'Yes' to both questions. Hence, there were 51 unique respondents who answered 'Yes' after excluding duplicate responses (35+33-17=51). Additionally, out of these 51 respondents, 23 answered 'No' or 'Don't Know Actually' to question 2.1. Therefore, We believe the analysis result is accurate.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7. Table 1: can you precise that Etain and al wanted to investigate the Medical Students\u2019 Knowledge of Situations at Risk of COI according to their level within medical school (and so did you)?The previous research paper by Etain et al. describes the analysis results based on the curriculum level. The author of this paper also intended to conduct a comparative study using the findings from previous studies, so We think so.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8. Line 120 and 121: can you precise what this percentages (ie: 34.5 and 71.7) refer to?The average score for Set 1 among French students is 34.5% [(27.7+32.9+35.0+35.6+41.5)/5=34.5%]. This value was found to be similar to the average score for Set 1 among Korean students [(30.9+39.7+45.1+26.5+35.1)/5=35.5%]The average score for Set 2 among French students is 71.7% [(56.0+58.7+69.2+85.5+89.1)/5=71.7%]. It was observed that there is a significant difference from the average score for Set 2 among Korean students [(43.8+49.2+25.8+41.8+67.3)/5=45.6%]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9. Line 124: \u201cbut Korean students showed a large difference\u201d the study is not designed to show a difference. Moreover p values are statistically significative in both study: I think that this important point deserve clarificationWe agree with youTherefore, We intend to address these points in the Discussion section.\u201cWhile each study conducted in France and Korea was not specifically designed to demonstrate differences, it would be meaningful to compare the research findings between the two countries using a consistent approach to validate any potential disparities.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 232-234]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10. In table 2, in spite of the impossibility of statistical comparison, there is a marked difference between France and Korea in exposure to marketing strategies: do you have any explanation (within the discussion part)?As with the response to the previous comment (9. Line 124), We believe it is meaningful to compare the results of each study conducted in France and Korea using a similar approach to identify any differences. Therefore, We intend to address these comments in the Discussion section.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11. The data within tables 4 and 5 are original and were not in the study of Etain and al: perhaps it deserves more comments in the discussion?We believe that the knowledge about COI is related to the importance of education. Therefore, even though it was not included in the previous study, we have included it as an additional aspect.However, not only does the format match that of Tables 1 and 2, but there is no issue with conveying the meaning through a description instead of using tables. Therefore, Tables 4 and 5 will be omitted, and their contents will be discussed in the following section.\u201cFurther analysis revealed that respondents who believed they were knowledgeable about COI (50.1%) showed a greater awareness of COI compared to those who believed they lacked knowledge (31.8%). Additionally, they exhibited a higher awareness of direct COI (56.0%) compared to indirect COI (44.1%), as shown in Table 2.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 216-219]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12. Line 165: this sentence should be moved from the results section to the discussion and probably deserve a larger analysis regarding this paradoxical result.We agree with you.We will move this sentence to the Discussion section and mention that further analysis is needed as a follow-up study.\u201cFurther analysis revealed that respondents who believed they had knowledge about COI (18.9%) reported a higher incidence of receiving gifts compared to those who believed they lacked knowledge (3.0%). On the other hand, these results suggest that students with more exposure to pharmaceutical salespeople or receiving gifts had a better understanding of COI. Therefore, further analysis through follow-up studies is necessary.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 254-258]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13. Line 190: this sentence is unclearWe revised the sentence as follows: \u201cand the residents evenly participate in 18 out of the 26 training departments operating in Korea. With the exception of the 5 training departments with a total quota of less than 50, almost all departments are involved.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 246-248]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u2003Reviewer #2: PlosOneSynopsisThis paper replicates a French study looking at attitudes and perceptions amongst medical students around conflicts of interest. It provides results of a survey of students and junior doctors about their reported understanding and views about conflict of interest and their experiences interacting with pharmaceutical industry representatives.Overall commentThis is a useful paper and provides important information to document knowledge and attitudes about COI amongst Korean medical students/junior doctors. As far as I am aware this is the first paper to report on this topic in Korea. I commend the authors for reporting on this and look forward to seeing it add to the literature. We need these kinds of baseline papers in order to assess interventions to reduce the influence from industry on healthcare. I have some minor comments about wording and presentation, I hope the authors can address these without too much difficulty, to make this a more readable paper. I also suggest the authors are more circumspect in their claims about the degree to which their survey response is representative of the target population since they do not know the numbers in their target audience. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I did not receive any supplementary files to review. It would be useful for the reader to have access to the survey questions. Thanks for your comment.When We submit the 'Response to Reviewers' file, We will send you the 'Questionnaire' file together.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Specific comments:INTRODUCTION I do not understand the concept of \u2018rebates in pharmaceutical sales\u2019. Can the authors elaborate on the current system in Korea to which this refers? What are the rebates / who gets them / who gives them / how are they awarded etc.We revised it by adding the description as below :\u201cIn general, rebates refer to the act or the amount by which a seller reduces the selling price by refunding a portion of the sale to the buyer to promote sales.However, under the Korean Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, the pharmaceutical sales rebate refers to a 'kickback' wherein a doctor receives private profits in correspondence to the prescription and purchase of necessary drugs from a pharmaceutical company or supplier while prescribing drugs for medical treatment.Types of pharmaceutical sales rebates announced by Korea's Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) include \u2460 drug adoption case fees, \u2461 drug prescription case fees, \u2462 regular advisory fees, \u2463 tourism or meal expenses, and \u2464 expenses related to overseas conference attendance.According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare's 'Notification Status of Illegal Rebate Detection between 2015 and 2018,' it appears that illegal rebates have been gradually decreasing. However, it has been discovered that rebates are not actually decreasing, but rather that pharmaceutical companies are providing rebates through sales agencies known as CSOs , resulting in their exclusion from the statistics. They are taking advantage of the fact that CSOs are not classified as drug suppliers under the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, making it impossible to impose penalties even if they are caught.(1)\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 57-73]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The authors\u2019 representation of Etain et al\u2019s paper was confusing. I think the syntax needs review. For example, it reads as if Etain et al were exposed to pharma reps a lot and had contradictory ideas about bias. I think the authors mean to say that Etain et al found that medical students were exposed etc. We revised the sentence as follows: \u201cIn addition, many students were exposed to pharmaceutical representatives, and they held the contradictory belief that biases could affect others, but not themselves.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 86-88] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The authors call this a qualitative survey  but it is a quantitative survey. They also say they compare attitudes amongst students, but they also compare knowledge, education, experiences with pharma reps etc. We revised the sentence as follows: \u201cIn this context, we also conducted a survey of medical students in Korea to collect quantitative information on knowledge, education, personal exposure, and opinions about COI and to identify priorities for future education on COI.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 92]\u201cand (2) it provides quantitative data on potential differences in perception according to curriculum stage, including among preclinical and clinical students.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 252]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I am not sure this paper needs an \u2018hypothesis\u2019 approach. This paragraph could be reworded to simply present the aim. We decided to understand and accept your opinion, and revised the sentence as follows:\u201cThis paper aims to identify the following. : \u201c [Revised Manuscript Line 95-96]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Overall the introduction could benefit from some more intensive introductory discussion about COI amongst medical students / doctors \u2013 eg why this topic is important and worth studying. do eg explain why we care about it, what are the potential harms, what is the evidence of influence, what do we even mean by the term COI. There is much useful evidence on this topic that the authors could make use of \u2013 for example the authors might like to explore the reference list in a previous publication of mine on this topic https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2019/12/12/lisa-parker-im-more-susceptible-to-drug-company-money-that-id-like-to-be/PARKER L (2019) I\u2019m more susceptible to drug company money than I\u2019d like to be. British Medical Journal, 19 December. Available at: We added a description of COI in the introduction section as below.\u201cThere are many studies (2) (3) demonstrating the impact of pharmaceutical companies' marketing activities on doctors' prescribing practices. Consequently, pharmaceutical companies are compelled to engage in a range of marketing activities, both direct and indirect, in order to influence doctors' prescriptions.Students are appealing marketing targets for pharmaceutical companies because established prescribing habits are not easily altered. As a result, medical students and junior doctors are susceptible to being exposed to conflicts of interest with pharmaceutical companies. (4)A conflict of interest is a set of circumstances that creates a risk that professional judgment or actions regarding a primary interest(ex. the welfare of patients) will be unduly influenced by a secondary interest. (5)Conflict of interest is a specific 'circumstance.' Therefore, while it may not be a problem in itself, it has a high likelihood of leading to biases. Hence, proactive measures are necessary to prevent it, and \"disclosure\" is widely recognized as a common solution. (6)\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 39-52]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------METHODSThe authors recruit students and junior doctors, but throughout the paper typically use the term \u2018students\u2019. I suggest adding a line to explain that the term student will be used to mean all the participants unless otherwise specified, so the readers are clear. We revised the sentence as follows: In total, 388 medical students, interns and residents (hereafter referred to as \u201dstudents\u201d). [Revised Manuscript Line 23]Furthermore, the term 'medical students, interns, and residents' was consolidated into 'students' for consistency.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The authors do not make any kind of claim that they wrote to all medical schools or all resident institutions. They do not know the exact number who received the survey so cannot supply a response rate. Given all this, I suggest there is no substance to the claim they make in the Discussion that this represents the views of all Korean students. Nevertheless, their survey response numbers are substantial and this remains a very worthy study. I suggest the authors try to give some kind of context to their numbers to help readers who are unfamiliar with Korea\u2013 eg, how many medical schools are there in Korea, and can they estimate approximately how many residents there are  or if those figures are unavailable, maybe estimate how many resident institutions there are? Although the paper did not mention the minimum number of subjects, the investigation included the number of medical students and residents to calculate the minimum number of subjects during the establishment of the research plan. The main contents are as follows.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------RESULTS The authors write \u2018although [students] expressed interest in whether the courses they attended concerned COI \u2026\u2019 I am not sure what this means \u2013 can the authors expand? The author did not intend to arbitrarily expand the meaning, but rather based it on the analysis results of the survey response status.The questionnaire corresponding to the question is as follows.4.6. I would like to know the COI of my teachers when they teach me? 1) Yes (54.6%) 2) No 3) Don't know 4.5. Do your teachers mention their COI during their lessons? 1) Don't know 2) No (46.4%) 3) Some 4) AllAlthough it is valuable as an individual question, I realized that it is inappropriate to express it in the same sentence because 'professor' and 'courses' are not specified.We revised the sentence as follows: \u201cA large number of students reported insufficient education on COI (63.7%), rarely attended lectures (8.5%), or conducted personal research (10.3%). Additionally, more than half (54.6%) of the respondents expressed interest in COI information about their courses.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 131-134]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This paragraph lists ratios of items, I don\u2019t understand what this means, what is the ratio the authors are referring to? Do they just mean % of students who answered \u2018yes\u2019 to each question? To provide a clear depiction of the response rate to the questionnaire, we have revised the sentence and included a table for better understanding.\u201cUpon comparing the results of previous studies conducted in France and Korea, the proportions of the three items(3.3./3.4./4.6.) were similar, as depicted in the table 1 below. However, it was notable that French students expressed a significantly higher level of dissatisfaction regarding the adequacy of COI information(3.2./4.5).\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 139-143]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The authors report that \u201835.5% in Set 1 and 45.6% in Set 2 thought monetary offerings generated a COI\u2019. A similar statement is repeated on p9,line 120 / para 1 and on p 13, line 152/para 1. I don\u2019t understand this statement. I thought Set 1 and Set 2 were just groupings of questions, not groupings of participants? As the reviewer mentioned, Set1 and Set2 represent groups of questions. However, there was an error in expressing the analysis result.We revised the sentence as follows: \u201cGive this, 35.5% in Set 1 and 45.6% in Set 2 considered monetary offerings as COI, demonstrating a higher awareness of direct offerings than indirect offerings.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 159-161]\u201cCompared to the results of previous studies in France, Set 1 (34.5%) was at a similar level to Korea, but Set 2 (71.7%) showed a significantly higher level of awareness than Korean students.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 166]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I suggest EDITING to read: \u201cdetermine whether personal research on COI or lecture participation in COI affected BELIEFS ABOUT IMPACT OF COI ON future prescriptions BY SELF OR OTHERS more.\u201d(Table 3) I found this table very hard to interpret, and the summary sentence after it  was also hard to understand. Can the authors please clarify the meaning of this table, perhaps providing the results in a different format would help?First, reflecting your opinion, we have made some changes to the format of Table 3 as shown below.Beta is the data used to calculate the OR(Odds Ratio) and CI, and SD (Standard Deviation) represents the variability of the response. Therefore, these two factors are omitted as they do not hold significant meaning in interpreting the analysis results.Furthermore, data points with p-values above the significance level (<0.05) are excluded, as they lack statistical significance.Second, I have added the following explanation\u201cTable 3 demonstrates a 95% confidence interval indicating that for each increment in the class level, the likelihood of answering 'Yes' to that question increases by a minimum of 1.95 times and a maximum of 3.33 times.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 194-197]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Table 4) I suggest the authors specify \u201cKorean medical students\u201d in the title, and can then delete the row of K K K K. This could be repeated in Table 5. I don\u2019t understand the point of providing a P-value in this table or Table 5. I can\u2019t see that it is relevant whether or not there is statistical significance between the \u2018yes/no/don\u2019t know\u2019 groups.  \u201cThe degree to which it affects\u2026\u201d Can the authors explain what they are talking about here?  I suggest the following EDITS: \u201cRegarding the STUDENTS\u2019 PERCEPTION ABOUT possibility of bias\u2026\u201d We believe that the knowledge about COI is related to the importance of education. Therefore, even though it was not included in the previous study, we have included it as an additional aspect.However, not only does the format match that of Tables 1 and 2, but there is no issue with conveying the meaning through a description instead of using tables. Therefore, Tables 4 and 5 will be omitted, and their contents will be discussed in the following section.\u201cFurther analysis revealed that respondents who believed they had knowledge about COI (50.1%) exhibited a greater awareness of COI compared to those who believed they lacked knowledge (31.8%). Additionally, they demonstrated a higher awareness of direct COI (56.0%) compared to indirect COI (44.1%), as indicated in Table 1.\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 216-219]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------DISCUSSION I suggest omitting this presentation of the paper as an hypothesis approach, as mentioned earlier. We have decided to understand and accept your opinion, so we omitted the sentence. [Revised Manuscript Line 235-236]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Can the authors clarify their meaning: \u201cWe met the minimum study population of 95% confidence level \u2026\u201d As the answer to the question  above, the minimum number of participants was calculated with a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 5%, and the result was 380.The number of participants in this study is 388, which meets this condition.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- As mentioned above, I don\u2019t think the authors can claim that this survey represents the opinions of Korean medical students. As the answer to the question  above, the minimum number of participants was calculated with a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 5%, and the result was 380.The number of participants in this study is 388, which meets this condition.As described in  above, there is a limitation regarding participant concentration in specific areas and stages. However, despite these limitations, we believe the study still provides representation.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The authors suggest students should spend more time on quality education about COI, but I wonder whether this is ignoring the responsibility of the educational institutions to encourage accurate and interesting education for students. Can the authors provide any evidence / references about this. We have included additional information regarding the challenges of medical ethics education for medical students in Korea, along with a relevant paper as a reference. \u201cCurrently, medical ethics education for medical students in Korea faces challenges due to an absolute lack of class time, insufficient presence of related scholars, unclear educational goals, and inadequate development of methodologies. Additionally, there is a lack of education specifically addressing COI (7) (8)\u201d [Revised Manuscript Line 263-266]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I really would like to see some stronger referencing of the literature on COI and suggests about systemic interventions that might reduce the influence of pharma reps / industry on students. This should go beyond individual disclosure / mandated transparency and might include topics such as : hospital / university policies to reduce pharma rep access to students, hospital / industry policies to limit the type of pharma rep gift giving and the amounts involved, university and hospital policies to limit the use of teachers who accept pharma industry gifts etc etc. Again, I encourage the authors to read widely around the topic of COI and how to reduce it so that they can provide a stronger argument and more useful suggestions for how Korea might address this issue in its healthcare system. Thank you for your suggestion and encouragement.We deeply sympathize with the need for policies to reduce the impact of the pharmaceutical industry on medical students. Understanding the nature of COI and preparing policies to reduce biases caused by COI will be reflected in further follow-up studies.Thank you again for your suggestion and encouragement.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u20031. JO S-G. A Study on the Rebate in the Medical Industry. Seoul Korea: Hanyang University Law School; 2020.2. Wazana A. Physicians and the Pharmaceutical IndustryIs a Gift Ever Just a Gift? JAMA. 2000;283(3):373-80.3. DeJong C, Aguilar T, Tseng CW, Lin GA, Boscardin WJ, Dudley RA. Pharmaceutical Industry-Sponsored Meals and Physician Prescribing Patterns for Medicare Beneficiaries. JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(8):1114-22.4. CHEONG Yoo-Seok PJ-H, Younsuck Koh. Ethical Issues Concerning the Relationship between Medical Students/Residents and the Pharmaceutical Industry. Korean J Med Ethics. 2011;14(2):215-23.5. Thompson DF. Understanding financial conflicts of interest. N Engl J Med. 1993;329(8):573-6.6. Medicine Io. Conflict of interest in medical research, education, and practice. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press; 2009.7. Choi K. Medical Ethics and Professional Education: Educational Status and Roles of Philosophy. Journal of human studies. 2007;-(12):218-43.8. KWON I. A Critical Review of the Current Medical Ethics Education in Korea. Korean Journal of Medical Ethics. 2006;9(1):60-72.Attachment1. Response to Reviewers (Revision).docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 24 Aug 2023 <div> PONE-D-23-08482R1 </div>  <div> Attitudes of medical students on conflict of interest: A comparative study of Korea and France </div>  <div> PLOS ONEDear Dr. Choe, </div>  <div> \u00a0 </div>  <div> One reviewer has made several comments and suggestions for improvement. I invite you to take advantage of this opportunity to further improve your manuscript before it is potentially accepted for publication. </div>  <div> \u00a0 </div>  <div> Please submit your revised manuscript by Oct 08 2023 11:59PM. If you will need more time than this to complete your revisions, please reply to this message or contact the journal office at\u00a0plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process. </div> A rebuttal letter that responds to each point raised by the academic editor and reviewer(s). You should upload this letter as a separate file labeled 'Response to Reviewers'.A marked-up copy of your manuscript that highlights changes made to the original version. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Revised Manuscript with Track Changes'.An unmarked version of your revised paper without tracked changes. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Manuscript'. <div> If you would like to make changes to your financial disclosure, please include your updated statement in your cover letter. Guidelines for resubmitting your figure files are available below the reviewer comments at the end of this letter.Please include the following items when submitting your revised manuscript:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines#loc-laboratory-protocols. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols.If applicable, we recommend that you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io to enhance the reproducibility of your results. Protocols.io assigns your protocol its own identifier (DOI) so that it can be cited independently in the future. For instructions see: We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.Kind regards,Alberto Molina P\u00e9rez, Ph.D.Academic EditorPLOS ONEJournal Requirements:Please review your reference list to ensure that it is complete and correct. If you have cited papers that have been retracted, please include the rationale for doing so in the manuscript text, or remove these references and replace them with relevant current references. Any changes to the reference list should be mentioned in the rebuttal letter that accompanies your revised manuscript. If you need to cite a retracted article, indicate the article\u2019s retracted status in the References list and also include a citation and full reference for the retraction notice.[Note: HTML markup is below. Please do not edit.]Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> 1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)**********\u00a0 <font color=\"black\"> 2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #2:\u00a0Partly**********\u00a0 <font color=\"black\"> 3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #2:\u00a0I Don't Know**********\u00a0 <font color=\"black\"> 4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #2:\u00a0No**********\u00a0 <font color=\"black\"> 5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #2:\u00a0Yes**********\u00a0 <font color=\"black\"> 6. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #2:\u00a0The authors have addressed many of my comments. There are, however, still some omissions in the text and some sentences and Results Tables where the meaning is not clear. The Abstract needs more work. Further revision should be relatively straight forward.Abstract: This needs more work to act as a succinct representation of the paper. I suggest the first sentence should focus more on the problem \u2013 eg use line 43 in the paper: \u2018Medical students are appealing marketing targets for pharmaceutical companies\u2019 and then continue from line 19 about Etain\u2019s study, and your replication of it. The background on Korean law (lines 16-19) is better kept in the paper alone. I would like a clear, succinct description of the method eg [1] an empirical survey study with Korean medical students concerning their educational experiences and views on conflicts of interest and [2] comparing and contrasting the results with Etain\u2019s study of French medical students. The current method description (line 22-23) is very confusing \u2013 it suggests the authors are carrying out a review of \u2018previous studies in Korea\u2019 which is not correct. I found the wording of results in the Abstract (lines 24-25) was hard to follow. The authors might consider a revision such as: \u2018Receipt of direct or indirect financial offerings from pharmaceutical industries was not properly recognised as COI by students.\u2019 Finally, the last sentence in the Abstract should stick to the third person grammar and avoid using a second person approach like \u2018your own\u2019 (line 35).IntroductionLine 40 I suggest pharma companies are not \u2018compelled to\u2019 engage in marketing, this word could be omittedLine 43 The authors should repeat here the phrasing in the Abstract line 23 about \u2018students, interns and residents, hereafter referred to as students\u2019 \u2013 writing it in the Abstract alone is not sufficientLine 52 I strongly disagree that disclosure is a solution for preventing conflicts of interest, but I recognise it is often reported this way in the literature. The authors could consider a comment about the controversy around this \u2013 eg others (myself included) regard disclosure as a necessary first step, although not sufficient for preventing COI. I expanded on this and other possible solutions in my previous review and the authors might find this reference helpfulParker L, Karanges EA, Bero L. Changes in the type and amount of spending disclosed by Australian pharmaceutical companies: an observational study. BMJ Open 2019;9:e024928. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2018-024928Line 64 What is the difference between drug adoption case fees and drug prescription case fees?Line 67 The paragraph here would be better moved to AFTER the paragraph at line 74. This would enable better flow of subjects in the text.Line 96 This was confusing. It needs to be re-worded as aims, not as hypotheses. I suggest editing to something like this  : \"[1] Korean students\u2019 ABILITY TO identify some common situations as a potential COI; [2] Korean students REPORTS AND VIEWS ABOUT their education on COI; [3] Korean students PERCEPTIONS OF the bias induced by COI ON THEMSELVES AND OTHERS\"ResultsLine 141 The authors report French and Korean student answers to item 4.6 are similar, but Table 1 shows they are quite different (66.6 % vs 54.6%)Line 143 student dissatisfaction with COI information is more properly shown in item 4.6 than 4.5Table 1, I don\u2019t understand what \u2018gab\u2019 refers to Line 146-147 I don\u2019t understand what this sentence is about, can the authors reword to clarify.Line 150 Do the authors mean to say that 51 students answered yes to BOTH questions, or to at least one of the questions listed? And when they say 23 out of 51 respondents declared they cannot define COI, is this the same 51 who answered yes to both (or at least one of?) the questions listed?Table 2 and 3 I still don\u2019t understand the p value. Is it reporting homogeneity between preclinical, clinical and residents within one country, or is it reporting homogeneity between preclinical in France and Korea; clinical in France and Korea, and residents in France and Korea? Neither seem to be feasible, given the variation in results so more information is needed about the figures in order to convince me that they are correct.Line 177 It seems that Table 4 and associated text should be put hereLine 183 I don\u2019t understand this comment, please edit to clarifyLine 218 Who are \u2018they\u2019?Line 220 I don\u2019t understand this comment, please edit to clarifyDiscussionLine 232 can the authors provide a 1-2 line summary of the comparative results here?Line 237 onwards. The limitations section needs work. The comment about getting to statistical significance is not relevant in relation to % of the student population surveyed. The study has plenty of merit so I suggest editing this section, starting with the study strengths  and then acknowledge study limitations . As previously mentioned in my original review, the authors cannot assume that the study represents the opinions of the majority of Korean medical students because they do not know the number of total students in the country. I would omit that paragraph starting 244.Line 254 onwards This paragraph discussing the results would be better moved up earlier in the Discussion, after paragraph 3 of the Discussion (ie before the Limitations section)Line 261 I don\u2019t understand the comment/interpretation that this study shows students\u2019 have a \u2018basic sense of ethics.\u2019 Can the authors edit to clarify or omit.Line 267 Can this authors justify this paragraph / comment, eg with reference to the literature.Line 270 As mentioned, I disagree that COI disclosure will prevent bias, but I acknowledge that what the authors have written is a widely held view.**********\u00a0 <font color=\"black\"> 7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Yes:\u00a0Lisa ParkerReviewer #2:\u00a0**********https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 4 Oct 2023------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: We revised the sentence as follows:\u201cMedical students are potential marketing targets for pharmaceutical companies because established prescribing habits are not easily altered. In 2014, Bruno Etain and several other researchers published a paper which investigated the knowledge of and opinions on potential conflict of interest (COI) with regard to preclinical and clinical students enrolled in medical schools in France and residents working in hospitals. An empirical survey study with Korean medical students concerning their educational experiences and views on conflicts of interest and comparing and contrasting the results with Etain\u2019s study of French medical students. Receipt of direct or indirect financial offerings from pharmaceutical industries was not properly recognised as COI by the medical students. Therefore, strengthening education on COI and implementing institutional improvements for COI disclosure are essential to prevent bias caused by COI and enhance awareness levels regarding COI.\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 16-26]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------IntroductionLine 40 We revised the sentence as follows: \u201cFor these reasons, pharmaceutical companies are conducting various direct and indirect marketing activities to influence doctors' prescriptions.\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 29-30]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 43 We revised the sentence as follows: \u201cMedical students, interns and residents (hereafter referred to as \u201cstudents\u201d) are potential marketing targets for pharmaceutical companies because established prescribing habits are not easily altered.\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 31]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 52 Thank you for recommending the paper, and We have reviewed its contents in full.As mentioned in the paper you recommended, regarding the importance of 'Transparency', 1) Transparency may assist those reading or receiving the disclosure to judge the risk of bias in those making the disclosure. 2) The act of disclosure may bring about changes where individuals refrain from engaging in related behaviors to avoid suspicions of bias arising. Therefore, in situations where voluntary disclosure is unlikely, We agree that measures are needed to compel the disclosure of conflicts of interest through the establishment of relevant laws and regulations, in order to prevent bias from occurring.However, we aimed to approach conflicts of interest from an professional ethics perspective. Conflicts of interest are considered to be an moral issue for each individual, an professional ethics issue, and an issue related to human nature. Therefore, it can be relative depending on the differences in the individual's circumstances  and their values .Ethical issues cannot be perfectly controlled or resolved by regulatory means, as we believe that laws and policies are designed to restrict significant wrongdoings that exceed social standards and justice. The disclosure mentioned earlier in the document from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) is described as a \"common solution\" from this ethical perspective and appears to encompass a broader concept than disclosure from a legal and institutional standpoint. Therefore, in order to prevent bias in individuals facing conflicts of interest, there is a need for an ethical awareness of potentially risky situations, and various forms of education are essential to foster this correct awareness.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 64 \"drug adoption case fees\" refers to case fees agreed upon for supplying pharmaceuticals to healthcare institutions and is also known as \"landing fees.\"\"drug prescription case fees\" refer to payments made in proportion to the prescription amount to induce the prescription of specific pharmaceuticals, and it is also referred to as \"matching fees.\"------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 67 We moved the paragraph [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 58-64] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 96 We revised the sentence as follows: \u201cThis paper aims to identify the following: \u2460 Korean students\u2019 ability to identify some common situations as a potential COI; \u2461 Korean students reports and views about their education on COI; \u2462 Korean students perceptions of the bias induced by COI on themselves and others.\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 78-80]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ResultsLine 141 We revised the sentence as follows:\u201cUpon comparing the results of previous studies conducted in France and Korea, the proportions of the two items(3.3./3.4.) were similar, as depicted in the table 1 below.\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 112] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 143 We revised the sentence as follows:\u201cHowever, it was notable that French students expressed a significantly higher level of dissatisfaction regarding the adequacy of COI information(3.2./4.6.)\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 114]We also used the term \"gab\" to refer to the difference between numbers compared in a statistical table, but We realized that it was not an appropriate expression. The term \"gab\" has been changed to \"difference.\" [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 115 Table 1]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 146-147 Lines 146-147 aimed to convey the response to the question, \"Do you think you know how to define what a COI is?\", and the responses were as follows.We revised the sentence as follows:\u201cIn response to the question, \"Do you think you know how to define what a COI is?\", only 24.8% responded that they could define it, and there was no significant difference by class level . Compared to the results of a previous study in which 64.6% of French students claimed they could define it, Korean students' knowledge about COI was found to be low (24.8%).\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 117-121]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 150 We revised the sentence as follows:Students who answered \"Yes\" to at least one of the following two questions were 51 (13.1%): \"Do you think you received enough information about COI disclosure?\" and \"Have you ever received a special lecture or individual training on COI?\u201d. Furthermore, out of the 51 respondents who answered \"Yes\" to at least one of the questions, 23 (45.1%) of them responded with \"No\" or \"I'm not sure\" to the question \"Do you think you know how to define what a COI is?\", indicating that COI education is not being properly conducted. [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 122-127]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Table 2 and 3 We should consider the p-values for France and Korea independently in Table 2 and Table 3. In other words, it represents the homogeneity of responses based on class level in each case for France and Korea, respectively.Additionally, it is expected that the reviewer interprets lower p-values in Table 2 as indicating higher homogeneity. However, our conducted chi-square test has the following null and alternative hypotheses, and if the p-value is less than the significance level (0.05), we reject the null hypothesis (H0) and accept the alternative hypothesis (H1).Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no difference in responses based on class level. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There is a difference in responses based on class level.In other words, the lower the p-value, the lower the homogeneity of responses, and the higher the p-value, the higher the homogeneity.Therefore, if the p-value is below the significance level, we can interpret it as a statistically significant difference in responses based on class level.Furthermore, in the case of Table 3, it is used to determine whether the logistic regression results are statistically meaningful, regardless of homogeneity.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 177 We moved the paragraph [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 162-165]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 183 We revised the sentence as follows:\u201cIn particular Table 3, the responses to the question \"Have you ever received a gift from the PI?\" showed the largest difference between Korean (15.7%) and French (62.7%) students, while the responses to the question \"I consider it as a COI when attending a meal sponsored by the PI\" showed the smallest difference between Korean (17.3%) and French (21.4%) students.\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 170-173]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 218 We moved the paragraph and revised the sentence as follows: \u201cIn the additional analysis of Table 2, we applied the responses to the question \"Do you think you can define what a conflict of interest is?\" instead of the responses to the question \"What is your class level?\" The results showed that respondents who answered \"Yes\" had a higher awareness of COI (50.1%) compared to those who answered \"No\" (31.8%). Furthermore, among the respondents who answered \"Yes,\" the awareness of direct COI (Set 2) (56.0%) was higher than the awareness of indirect COI (Set 1) (44.1%). \u201c [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 145-150].------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 220 Further analysis of Table 3, we also examined the responses to the question \"Do you think you can define what a conflict of interest is?\" instead of the question \"What is your class level?\" As a result, the overall percentage of respondents who answered \"Yes\" (37.9%) and \"No\" (40.1%) was similar. Furthermore, among those who answered \"Yes,\" the percentage of those who believe that others can develop bias (68.2%) was higher than the percentage of those who believe they can develop bias (14.2%). [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 174-179].------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------DiscussionLine 232 We believe the summary of the requested comparative results is described in the paragraph just before Line 228. Therefore, We have moved Line 232 paragraph forward and made some modifications to its content. :\u201cAdditionally, while each study conducted in France and Korea was not specifically designed to demonstrate differences, it would be meaningful to compare the research findings between the two countries using a consistent approach to validate any potential disparities.\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 182-185].------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 237 We revised the sentence as follows: However, The main potential limitation of this study is the lack of representation, which is also showed in previous studies. The majority of respondents were locally concentrated in some regions , with more than half of them being enrolled at the clinical level . This imbalance is expected to reflect the following reasons: The survey on COI for students in Korea is the first attempt. In addition, many surveyed organizations were reluctant to distribute the questionnaire due to lack of understanding of COI and administrative burden.\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 199-204].------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 254 We moved and revised the paragraph as follows : \u201cThe strengths of this study include the diverse participation of medical students, interns, and residents at all stages of medical education. In particular, residents evenly participated in 18 out of the 26 training departments operating in Korea, with the exception of 5 departments with a total quota of less than 50.\u201d [3. Manuscript (Revision 2) Line 195-198].------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 261 It is common to believe that under the same conditions of a COI situation, the likelihood of bias occurring is the same for oneself as it is for others. However, thinking that even though bias is likely to occur in others, the likelihood of bias occurring in oneself is low can be seen as an expression of one's determination not to go in the wrong direction. This is what we have referred to as a \"basic sense of ethics.\"------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 267 In Korea, not only is there a shortage of research literature on COI, but this is even more pronounced when it comes to education about COI. However, it is worth noting that, as an alternative to research literature, there are currently no courses dedicated to the topic of COI in the curriculum of Korean medical schools.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Attachment4. Response to Reviewers (Revision 2).docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 20 Oct 2023Attitudes of medical students on conflict of interest: A comparative study of Korea and FrancePONE-D-23-08482R2Dear Dr. Choe,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Alberto Molina P\u00e9rez, Ph.D.Academic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :Reviewers' comments: 24 Oct 2023PONE-D-23-08482R2 Attitudes of medical students on conflict of interest: A comparative study of Korea and France Dear Dr. Choe:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofDr. Alberto Molina P\u00e9rez Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "Biology Letters is pleased to take this opportunity to thank all our peer reviewers who worked with us in 2022. This includes many co-reviewers, who are often early-career researchers and students getting valuable experience in the science publishing process as well as providing significant help to the journal. On behalf of the entire Editorial Board, I would like to say how much we appreciate your insights, critiques and suggestions that go into each peer reviewer report. Now many of our readers can see your efforts too since launching our optional Transparent Peer Review process last year\u2014we hope these also act as tools for future referees.As has become a welcome annual tradition Biology Letters. To provide an opportunity for recognition, we also list the names of all reviewers (unless they have opted out). This article is made permanent and citable by its digital object identifier (DOI). 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Mohan Ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6086-5135Valente D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4585-6940Van Damme R van der Niet Thttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6441-3598van der Wal J Van Doorslaer Khttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-0057van Erp J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7498-9315Van Goor J van Leeuwen Jvan Thiel Jvan Velzen Ehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5746-4621Van Wassenbergh S https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7880-0700Vandeleest J Varkoulis AVelotta JVerbe Ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1143-6868Verhulst S http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2589-2212Viegas I Vincze Ohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3584-9616Vinther J https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4105-530XViranta S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0139-3013Vizueta J Vogels RVogler AV\u00f6lter Chttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3627-0841Vorburger C Voulgaris KWagner DWaldvogel A-MWalker SWalters Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2258-1374Walton R Wang Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4652-2149Wang R https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-1728Wang S Wanner Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6651-4715Ward M Warren RWascher CWebster MWenne Rhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0478-3930Westbury M Whalan SWhalen CDWhelan NWhite Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5469-3429Whitehead H https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4662-0227Whiting M https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5765-9699Whittington C https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-8670Wiberg A Wiebe Khttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-8444Wilkinson G https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0947-6243Williams H Wilson Chttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-1898Wilson K https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7262-9754Wilsterman K Witte KWoelfing Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-021XWomack M Woodborne Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8800-3924Xavier R https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6477-2312Yannic G Ye Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-6695Yorzinski J https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0343-2709Yoshido A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0449-8582Young H https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4558-6212Yu H https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9738-1393Zagalska-Neubauer M https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-6112Zajitschek F https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9603-7577Zalucki M https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5006-6679Zelditch M https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-3035Zhang H Zhang Yhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5582-2306Z\u00f6ttl M Zou YZulfiqar SZuschin Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7665-5033Zwolak R"}
{"text": "Nitidulidae trapping performed from 2018 to 2021 to characterize flight behaviors of potential vectors of the oak wilt pathogen yielded three new species records for Canada, six new species records for Ontario, and three new species records for Manitoba. The new records for Canada include Carpophilus (Ecnomorphus) corticinus reported from Ontario, C. (Myothorax) nepos reported from Ontario and Manitoba, and Glischrochilus (Librodor) obtusus reported from Ontario. In addition, the following species are first recorded in Ontario: Carpophilus (Ecnomorphus) antiquus, C. (Megacarpolus) sayi, Stelidotacoenosa; and also in Manitoba: Carpophilus (Megacarpolus) lugubris and Cychramusadustus. Collection data is provided for the two provinces and national records. Nitidulidae occurs globally with at least 4,500 species, of which, 173 species are found in North America  J Hunt, which is an invasive species of fungus affecting oak trees (Quercus spp.) (The family  America . Also knus spp.) . Nitidulus spp.) . IdentifOak wilt has been killing oak trees in the United States for more than half a century, spreading to 24 states and residing within 1 km of Canada on Belle Island, Michigan , howeverNitidulidae beetle flight behavior was carried out at 21 localities in the following three Canadian provinces, Manitoba, Ontario, and New Brunswick. The study also aimed to describe the diversity of nitidulids that could be involved in oak wilt transmission. Beetles were collected using flight interruption traps. In total, there were 49 nitidulid species collected across the three provinces with three new records in Manitoba, six new records in Ontario, and three new records for Canada from Ontario and Manitoba. No new records are reported for New Brunswick.Overland spread of oak wilt by nitidulid beetles can be reduced by avoiding oak wounding when nitidulids are most active. A multi-year study of Quercusmacrocarpa Michx.) is the only oak species that occurs in these ecoregions  and bur oak are found in New Brunswick , eastern white pine (Pinusstrobus L.), eastern hemlock (Tsugacanadensis (L.) Carri\u00e8re), yellow birch , maple (Acer spp.) and oak . To the south is the Lake Simcoe-Rideau Ecoregion  which extends from the eastern shore of Lake Huron to the Ottawa River (Quercusvelutina Lam.), white oak , swamp white oak (Q.bicolor Willd.), and chinquapin oak (Q.muelhlenbergii Engelm.)  .Quercusellipsoidalis E.J. Hill), Shumard (Q.shumardii Buckl.), dwarf Chinquapin (Q.prinoides Willd.) and swamp pin oak   . EcoregiBC). Wind-oriented funnel traps are also referred to as PVC pipe traps and wind-oriented pipe traps (Quercusrubra) or a bur oak (Q.macrocarpa). Wind-oriented traps were solely used at 14 localities and 12-unit Lindgren traps used at two localities. At four localities near Sault Ste Marie, Ontario and Fredericton, New Brunswick, five of each, wind-oriented funnel, Synergy multitrap, Lindgren funnel, and modified Lindgren funnel, were placed 20 m apart in hardwood stands containing Quercus species. At one additional site in New Brunswick, the same design was used except no Synergy multitraps were deployed. These traps were also hung from poles, at the same height from the ground.Flying beetles were collected using four types of traps; wind-oriented funnel traps, 12-unit Lindgren funnel traps, 12-unit modified Lindgren funnel traps, and 5-unit Synergy multitraps  sayi Parsons, 1943 and Colopterustruncatus  beetles  (The wind-oriented funnel traps  includedburg MI) . The yeaburg MI) , modifieburg MI) , and Synburg MI) . The funburg MI) . CollectOFRI) and DD, Invasive Species Centre) and lead research scientist , later identifications were confirmed by Cucujoidea specialist . All specimens are deposited at OFRI in Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, except for New Brunswick collections which are held at the Atlantic Forestry Centre collection in Fredericton, NB. The generic attribution of the Carpophilus species was used after the papers by Specimens were initially sorted and identified by technicians ;IN iNaturalist ;MNRF Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry;OFRI Ontario Forest Research Institute.Nitidulidae records reported during this study in Ontario and Manitoba. All new species records are based on information in In this account, six species are reported for the first time in the province of Ontario and three species are reported for the first time in Manitoba. Reports for three species are new records for Canada Table . The folNitidulidae Latreille, 1802Family Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraNitidulidae\ufeffA6555028-DD75-5420-A985-E8363258B81DBG), an online entomological database hosted by Iowa State University, or iNaturalist, a citizen science database, list Ontario when reporting the distribution of the species. However, Ontario is listed under the distribution of this species in C. (E.) antiquus for the first time in Ontario from two localities in 2018.This species has only been recorded in Quebec, Canada  and is pOntario: Windsor, ON, Maidstone Conservation Area off lakeshore Rd. 209, 42.2130\u00b0N, 82.7911\u00b0W, 8-v-2018 ; ibidem, 15-v-2018 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in hardwood forest next to Quercus sp.ON, Fanshawe Conservation Area off Fanshawe Park Rd, East, 43.0507\u00b0N, 81.1818\u00b0W, 4-ix-2018, wind-oriented funnel trap, plantation forest next to Quercus sp. .London, MB, ON, QC  corticinus was collected in four different localities across the Southern region of Ontario in 2018, 2019, and 2020. There are no other records of this species for Canada in either BN or IN. However, Ontario is listed under the distribution description for Kateretidae and Nitidulidae of Wisconsin. Carpophilus (Ecnomorphus) corticinus has been recorded from US states bordering Canada, including New York, Ohio, and Michigan as well as south to Texas and Georgia ; ibidem, 24-iv-2018 ; ibidem, 8-v-2018 ; ibidem, 29-v-2018 ; ibidem, 5-vi-2018 ; ibidem, 19-vi-2018 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in hardwood forest next to Quercus sp.ON, Fanshawe Conservation Area off Fanshawe Park Rd, East, 43.0507\u00b0N, 81.1818\u00b0W, 29-v-2018 wind-oriented funnel trap, plantation forest next to Quercus sp. .London, ON, Royal Botanical Gardens, off Homestead Ave, 43.2882\u00b0N, 79.9069\u00b0W, 8-v-2019 ; ibidem, 22-v-2019 ; ibidem, 29-v-2019 ; ibidem, 12-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 19-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 3-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 24-vii-2019  ; ibidem, 31-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 14-viii-2019 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in planted hardwood forest next to Quercus sp.Hamilton, ON, Fanshawe Conservation Area off Fanshawe Park Rd, East, 43.0507\u00b0N, 81.1818\u00b0W, 10-iv-2019 ; ibidem, 24-iv-2019 , note: specimen damaged; ibidem, 29-v-2019 ; ibidem, 5-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 12-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 19-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 16-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 17-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 18-ix-2019 ; ibidem, 25-ix-2019 ; ibidem, 2-x-2019 ; ibidem, 16-x-2019 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in plantation forest next to Quercus sp.London, ON, Royal Botanical Gardens, off Homestead Ave, 43.2882\u00b0N, 79.9069\u00b0W, 28-v-2020 ; ibidem, 3-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 11-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 18-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 25-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 16-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 30-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 26-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 17-ix-2020 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in planted hardwood forest next to Quercus sp.Hamilton, ON, Fanshawe Conservation Area off Fanshawe Park Rd, East, 43.0507\u00b0N, 81.1818\u00b0W, 27-v-2020 ; ibidem, 10-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 17-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 24-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 15-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 12-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 28-x-2020 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in plantation forest next to Quercus sp.London, ON, The Arboretum, University of Guelph, 43.5436\u00b0N, 80.2205\u00b0W, 25-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 3-ix-2020 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in Quercusrubra plantation.Guelph, ON (new Canadian record).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraNitidulidae\ufeffMurray, 1864927E9DFC-6801-59F0-AD1C-8E2D607409C7Carpophilus (Megacarpolus) lugubris for the first time in Manitoba from three localities in 2019, 2020, and 2021. This species being found in Manitoba was not unexpected since it is present in the bordering provinces of Saskatchewan and Ontario. C. (M.) lugubris occurring across the United States. There are several records of this species in Canada reported on the IN website, from BC, ON, and QC .MB, Roblin Blvd, 49.8576\u00b0N, 97.4638\u00b0W, 11-viii-2020 , ibidem, 18-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 2-ix-2020 ; ibidem, 23-ix-2020 ; ibidem, 30-ix-2020 . All samples were collected from wind-oriented funnel traps, riparian hardwood forest next to Quercus sp.Beaudry Provincial Park, MB, 49.3229\u00b0N, 96.9355\u00b0W, 29-vii-2021, wind-oriented funnel trap, mixed hardwood forest next to Quercus sp. .Saint Malo, St Malo Provincial Park, BC, AB, SK, MB, ON  nepos in Canada, obtained from five localities in Ontario in 2018, 2019, and 2020 and four localities in Manitoba in 2019 and 2021. This species, associated with stored grain products, is almost cosmopolitan and its distribution is poorly understood due to its synonym with Carpophilusfreemani Dobson, 1956 (Carpophilus (Myothorax) nepos has not been recorded in Canada according to This is the first record for on, 1956 . Peck anCanada, Ontario: Windsor, ON, Maidstone Conservation Area off lakeshore Rd. 209, 42.2130\u00b0N, 82.7911\u00b0W, 15-v-2018, wind-oriented funnel trap, hardwood forest next to Quercus sp. .ON, Elmhurst Park, off Alpine Ave, 45.3591\u00b0N, 75.7861\u00b0W, 23-viii-2019, wind-oriented funnel trap, in a hardwood forest next to Quercus sp. .Ottawa, ON, Royal Botanical Gardens, off Homestead Ave, 43.2882\u00b0N, 79.9069\u00b0W, 3-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 18-ix-2019 ; ibidem, 2-x-2019 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a planted hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Hamilton, ON, Fanshawe Conservation Area off Fanshawe Park Rd, East, 43.0507\u00b0N, 81.1818\u00b0W, 4-ix-2019 ; ibidem, 11-ix-2019 ; ibidem, 24-ix-2019 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a plantation forest, next to Quercus sp.London, ON, The Arboretum, University of Guelph, 43.5436\u00b0N, 80.2205\u00b0W, 3-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 43.5436\u00b0N, 80.2205\u00b0W, 18-ix-2019 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps in a Quercusrubra plantation.Guelph, ON, Elmhurst Park, off Alpine Ave, 45.3591\u00b0N, 75.7861\u00b0W, 27-viii-2020 wind-oriented funnel trap in hardwood forest next to Quercus sp. .Ottawa, ON, Royal Botanical Gardens, off Homestead Ave, 43.2882\u00b0N, 79.9069\u00b0W, 30-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 5-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 12-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 17-ix-2020 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a planted hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Hamilton, ON, Fanshawe Conservation Area off Fanshawe Park Rd, East, 43.0507\u00b0N, 81.1818\u00b0W, 15-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 22-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 28-x-2020 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a plantation forest, next to Quercus sp.London, ON, The Arboretum, University of Guelph, 43.5436\u00b0N, 80.2205\u00b0W, 12-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 10-ix-2020 ; ibidem, 24-ix-2020 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a Quercusrubra plantation.Guelph, Canada, Manitoba: Birds Hill Provincial Park, MB, Roscoe Rd. 50.0436\u00b0N, 96.8719\u00b0W, 2-vii-2019, wind-oriented funnel trap, mixed hardwood forest next to Quercus sp. .MB, Roblin Blvd, 49.8576\u00b0N, 97.4638\u00b0W, 11-vi-2019, wind-oriented funnel trap, riparian hardwood forest next to Quercus sp. .Beaudry Provincial Park, MB, Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport off Wihuri Rd., 49.8996\u00b0N, 97.2538\u00b0W, 11-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 25-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 14-viii-2019 ; ibidem, 22-viii-2019 . All samples taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a mixed hardwood forest next to Quercus sp.Winnipeg, MB, St Malo Provincial Park, 49.3229\u00b0N, 96.9355\u00b0W, 3-vi-2021, wind-oriented funnel trap, mixed hardwood forest next to Quercus sp. .Saint Malo, ON, MB (new Canadian record).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraNitidulidae\ufeffParsons, 1943E4F2B614-DD99-501A-93D0-34202C1264ACCarpophilus (Megacarpolus) sayi for the first time in Ontario from 12 localities in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021. The species is found throughout central Canada excluding Ontario (C. (M.) sayi near Kitchener, Ontario (IN could be Carpophilus (Megacarpolus) sayi or C. (M.) lugubris. The two species sometimes look similar enough that C. (M.) lugubris have two, deep, circular depressions on the hypopygidium and females have a pygidium that is blunt carinate, shining, and tuberculiform at the apex. In contrast, the males of C. (M.) sayi have two, large, vague, shallow depression on the hind margin of their hypopygidium and females have a distinct, blunt carina on the pygidium (C. (M.) sayi has rectangular humeral angles while the elytral humerals of C. (M.) lugubris are rounded or obtuse.Here, we report  Ontario  and alon Ontario . These r Ontario  with a ppygidium . Price ; ibidem, 20-v-2018 ; ibidem, 27-v-2018 ; ibidem,, 6-vi-2018 ; ibidem, 10-vi-2018 ; ibidem, 25-vi-2018 ; ibidem, 1-vii-2018 ; ibidem, 4-vii-2018 ; ibidem, 11-vii-2018 ; ibidem, 18-vii-2018 ; ibidem, 28-vii-2018 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.ON Northumberland County Forest off Dunbar Rd., 17-v-2018 ; ibidem, 24-v-2018 ; ibidem, 31-v-2018 ; ibidem, 14-vi-2018 ; ibidem, 19-vi-2018 ; ibidem, 29-vi-2018 ; ibidem, 6-vii-2018 ; ibidem, 13-vii-2018 ; ibidem, 19-vii-2018 ; ibidem, 26-vii-2018 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Peterborough, ON, Hiawatha Highlands off Fish Hatchery Rd., 46.3436\u00b0N, 84.1705\u00b0W, 15-v-2019 ; ibidem, 29-v-2019 ; ibidem, 5-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 12-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 19-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 26-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 3-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 9-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 17-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 31-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 8-viii-2019 ; ibidem, 14-viii-2019 ; ibidem, 21-viii-2019 ; ibidem, 28-viii-2019 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Elmhurst Park, off Alpine Ave, 45.3591\u00b0N, 75.7861\u00b0W, 8-v-2019 ; ibidem, 12-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 25-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 31-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 7-viii-2019 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Ottawa, ON, Royal Botanical Gardens, off Homestead Ave, 43.2882\u00b0N, 79.9069\u00b0W, 22-v-2019 ; ibidem, 29-v-2019 ; ibidem, 5-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 12-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 19-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 26-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 3-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 10-vii-2019 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a planted hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Hamilton, ON, Canadore College trails, off College Dr., 46.3427\u00b0N, 79.5033\u00b0W, 30-v-2019 ; ibidem, 6-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 13-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 20-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 27-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 4-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 11-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 18-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 25-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 12-ix-2019 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.North Bay, ON, Fanshawe Conservation Area off Fanshawe Park Rd, East, 43.0507\u00b0N, 81.1818\u00b0W, 15-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 26-vi-2019 . Both samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.London, ON, The Arboretum, University of Guelph, 43.5436\u00b0N, 80.2205\u00b0W, 5-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 12-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 19-vi-2019 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a Quercusrubra plantation.Guelph, ON, Hiawatha Highlands off Fish Hatchery Rd., 46.3436\u00b0N, 84.1705\u00b0W, 19-v-2020 ; ibidem, 20-v-2020 ; ibidem, 25-v-2020 ; ibidem, 27-v-2020 ; ibidem, 1-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 2-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 3-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 4-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 5-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 10-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 14-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 15-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 16-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 17-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 25-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 26-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 3--vi-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 15-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 22-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 29-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 5-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 12-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 19-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 26-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 2-ix-2020 ; ibidem, 9-ix-2020 ; ibidem, 17-ix-2020 ; Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Hiawatha Highlands off Fish Hatchery Rd., 46.5601\u00b0N, 84.4193\u00b0W, 19-v-2020 . Almost all samples were taken from the wind-oriented funnel trap, in a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp., but the sample of 19-v-2020 was collected from the Lindgren funnel trap, in a mixed regenerated forest, next to Quercus sp.Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Maki Rd., 46.5601\u00b0N, 84.4193\u00b0W, 18-v-2020 ; ibidem, 20-v-2020 ; ibidem, 21-v-2020 ; ibidem, 22-v-2020 ; ibidem, 23-v-2020 ; ibidem, 24-v-2020 ; ibidem, 25-v-2020 ; ibidem, 27-v-2020 ; ibidem, 28-v-2020 ; ibidem, 2-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 3-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 4-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 9-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 10-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 14-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 15-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 16-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 17-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 19-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 20-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 21-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 15-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 21-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 29-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 5-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 12-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 18-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 2-ix-2020 ; ibidem, 16-ix-2020 ; ibidem, 30-ix-2020 . All samples were taken from Lindgren funnel traps, in a mixed regenerated forest, next to Quercus sp.Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Retta St., 46.5061\u00b0N, 84.2945\u00b0W, 24-v-2020 ; ibidem, 25-v-2020 ; ibidem, 27-v-2020 ; ibidem, 1-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 2-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 3-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 4-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 5-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 9-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 10-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 16-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 17-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 18-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 20-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 1-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 15-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 22-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 29-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 5-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 19-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 12-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 30-ix-2020 . All samples were taken from Lindgren funnel traps, among residential hardwood trees (Quercus sp.).Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Elmhurst Park, off Alpine Ave, 45.3591\u00b0N, 75.7861\u00b0W, 29-v-2020 ; ibidem, 4-v-2020 ; ibidem, 11-v-2020 ; ibidem, 19-v-2020 ; ibidem, 24-v-2020 ; ibidem, 10-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 24-vii-2020 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Ottawa, ON, Royal Botanical Gardens, off Homestead Ave, 43.2882\u00b0N, 79.9069\u00b0W, 28-v-2020 ; ibidem, 3-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 11-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 18-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 25-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 2-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 16-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 23-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 30-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 5-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 12-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 26-viii-2020 ; ibidem, 17-ix-2020 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a planted hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Hamilton, ON, Canadore College trails, off College Dr., 46.3427\u00b0N, 79.5033\u00b0W, 20-v-2020 ; ibidem, 27-v-2020 ; ibidem, 3-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 10-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 17-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 24-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 1-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 15-vii-2020 ; ibidem 29-vii-2020 . ; ibidem, 5-viii-2020 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.North Bay, ON, Fanshawe Conservation Area, 43.0507\u00b0N, 81.1818\u00b0W, 24-vi-2020 wind-oriented funnel trap, plantation forest, next to Quercus sp. .London, ON, The Arboretum, University of Guelph, 43.5436\u00b0N, 80.2205\u00b0W, 3-vi-2020; ibidem, 11-vi-2020 ; ibidem, 16-vii-2020 ; ibidem, 30-vii-2020 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a Quercusrubra plantation.Guelph, 46.5767\u00b0N, 84.3799\u00b0W, 18-v-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem,, 25-v-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem,46.5767\u00b0N, 84.3799\u00b0W, 1-vi-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 8-vi-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 15-vi-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 22-vi-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 29-vi-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 6-vii-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 13-vii-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 20-vii-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 27-vii-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 3-viii-2021, modified Lindgren funnel ; ibidem, 10-viii-2021, Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap ; ibidem, 17-viii-2021, synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 22-ix-2021, synergy multitrap . All samples were collected from a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Sault Ste. Marie, Goulais Ave, Crimson Ridge golf course, ON, Landslide Rd., 46.5792\u00b0N, 84.2802\u00b0W, 18-v-2021, Lindgren funnel trap , modified Lindgren funnel trap , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 18-v-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 1-vi-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 8-vi-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 22-v-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap ,wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 29-vi-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 6-vii-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 13-vii-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 20-vii-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 3-viii-2021, Lindgren funnel , modified Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap , wind-oriented funnel trap ; ibidem, 10-viii-2021 ; ibidem, 17-viii-2021 ; ibidem, 24-viii-2021, Lindgren funnel , synergy multitrap ; ibidem, 7-ix-2021 . All samples were collected from a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Sault Ste. Marie, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS 5ADEDC12-4A4E-557A-9C1F-17120364CD17Cychramusadustus for Manitoba found in three localities in 2019. The Nitidulidae recorded C.adustus present in Ontario and Quebec. C.adustus in New Brunswick, and C.adustus in Prince Edward Island. There are five records for C.adustus on the IN website that are mostly collected in eastern Ontario and near Montreal, Quebec ; ibidem, 22-v-2019 ; ibidem, 4-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 11-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 17-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 25-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 2-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 31-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 6-viii-2019 ; ibidem, 28-viii-2019 ; ibidem, 10-ix-2019 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.MB, Roblin Blvd, 49.8576\u00b0N, 97.4638\u00b0W, 14-v-2019 ; ibidem, 29-v-2019 ; ibidem, 4-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 11-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 25-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 16-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 6-viii-2019 ; ibidem, 28-viii-2019 ; ibidem, 10-ix-2019 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a riparian hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Beaudry Provincial Park, MB, Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport off Wihuri Rd., 49.8996\u00b0N, 97.2538\u00b0W, 22-v-2019 ; ibidem, 4-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 11-v-2019 ; ibidem, 17-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 25-vi-2019 ; ibidem, 8-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 31-vii-2019 ; ibidem, 14-viii-2019 . All samples were taken from wind-oriented funnel traps, in a mixed hardwood forest, next to Quercus sp.Winnipeg, MB, ON, QC, NB, PE .ON, NB F9243E65-6CD4-5993-B927-82EB47131BD6Glischrochilus (Librodor) obtusus in Canada and a new provincial record for Ontario. This species can be found throughout the eastern United States including the northern border states with Canada; Maine, New York, Michigan, and Wisconsin .ON (New Canadian record).Nitidulidae from Canada. This included 45 species from Manitoba and 63 from Ontario. In addition, three Palaearctic species were recently recorded in Canada, the first one from New Brunswick  sayi, C. (Ecnomorphus) antiquus, C. (E.) corticinus, C. (Myothorax) nepos, Glischrochilus (Librodor) obtusus, and Stelidotacoenosa bringing the total to 70, and three species for Manitoba, Carpophilus (Megacarpolus) lugubris, C. (M.) nepos, and Cychramusadustus, bringing the total to 48. Three of these reports, Carpophilus (Ecnomorphus) corticinus, C. (Myothorax) nepos, and Glischrochilusobtusus are new reports for Canada bringing the total to 104 or 105 depending on the inclusion of Cybocephalinae as a subfamily in the family of Nitidulidae  sayi was the most frequently reported species with records at 13 of 14 survey localities. Carpophilus (Myothorax) nepos also appears widespread, being reported at numerous localities throughout southern Ontario  and in Manitoba.The new records fill gaps in our knowledge of these species\u2019 distributions. Of the new species found in Ontario, Nitidulidae diversity in Canada. One reason may be that part of this region contains the northernmost extent of the deciduous forest type, sometimes called the Carolinian Forest Region or the Deciduous Forest Region (Carpophilus (Megacarpolus) lugubris, C. (Myothorax) nepos, and Cychramusadustus occur outside the greater Winnipeg area. No new records were made for New Brunswick, suggesting that recent efforts to more fully describe the beetle diversity of this province have been reasonably complete , indicating that more surveys in this region could increase our knowledge of t Region . The divt Region . In addicomplete .Carpophilus, Glischrochilus, Cychramus, Stelidota, and others that have been found at oak wilt mats or other fungal structures (The new species recorded in this study have been collected from fungi or sap flows and some are known to transmit fungal spores and fragments of mycelia . New detructures ."}
{"text": "Correction: Translational Neurodegeneration (2021) 10:50 10.1186/s40035-021-00275-wFollowing publication of this article , the belEuropean Union's Horizon 2020, 'MES-CoBraD' (H2020-SC1-BHC-2018-2020/GA 965422 to JF).The original article  has been"}
{"text": "Speech enhancement (SE) reduces background noise signals in target speech and is applied at the front end in various real-world applications, including robust ASRs and real-time processing in mobile phone communications. SE systems are commonly integrated into mobile phones to increase quality and intelligibility. As a result, a low-latency system is required to operate in real-world applications. On the other hand, these systems need efficient optimization. This research focuses on the single-microphone SE operating in real-time systems with better optimization. We propose a causal data-driven model that uses attention encoder-decoder long short-term memory (LSTM) to estimate the time-frequency mask from a noisy speech in order to make a clean speech for real-time applications that need low-latency causal processing. The encoder-decoder LSTM and a causal attention mechanism are used in the proposed model. Furthermore, a dynamical-weighted (DW) loss function is proposed to improve model learning by varying the weight loss values. Experiments demonstrated that the proposed model consistently improves voice quality, intelligibility, and noise suppression. In the causal processing mode, the LSTM-based estimated suppression time-frequency mask outperforms the baseline model for unseen noise types. The proposed SE improved the STOI by 2.64% (baseline LSTM-IRM), 6.6% (LSTM-KF), 4.18% (DeepXi-KF), and 3.58% (DeepResGRU-KF). In addition, we examine word error rates (WERs) using Google\u2019s Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). The ASR results show that error rates decreased from 46.33%  to 13.11% (proposed) 15.73% (LSTM), and 14.97% (LSTM-KF). Speech signals in many real-world situations are degraded by noise signals. A degraded signal severely influences the performance of many speech-related applications, such as automatic speech recognition , speakerThe conventional approaches include spectral subtraction , Wiener A fully connected feedforward neural network showed that a DNN trained for a large number of background noises with a single speaker generalized better to untrained noise types . Such a In most of the deep learning approaches, mean-square error (MSE) is used as the loss function \u201319. OtheIn this paper, an attention encoder-decoder LSTM network for sequence-to-sequence learning is proposed. The motivation behind this research is the recent success of the attention mechanism in speech emotion recognition  and speeFor sequential learning to handle real-time speech applications that need low-latency causal processing, a causal speech enhancement based on attention encoder-decoder LSTM network is proposed.By adding weighted values for large learning errors, a dynamically weighted loss function is used to improve the learning process. The loss function focuses on the large learning errors to further improve the network performance.Automatic speech recognition is evaluated using estimated magnitude, thereby notably improving the word error rate in noisy situations.The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we explain the proposed speech enhancement algorithm. The dynamically-weighted loss is presented in Section 3. The experimentation is presented in Section 4. The results and discussions are presented in Section 5. Finally, the conclusions are drawn in Section 6.xt and noise signal dt, the noisy speech signal yt is formed by the additive mixing as follows:N shows number of the speech frames. A SE algorithm aims to recover a close estimate xt given yt. The inputs to the LSTM Encoder-Decoder are Y = , where yt indicates the spectral magnitudes of the noisy speech at frame t. The high-level features h are extracted by the encoder from the input speech frames:hK and hQ stand for the key and query, respectively. In this study, unidirectional LSTM is used as an encoder which shows a strong ability to model the sequential data leading to the improved performance of the speech enhancement  is used to compute the attention weights which means that all the previous speech frames are used to enhance the current frames. If the duration of the speech utterance is long, the attention weights of several previous speech frames can nearly be zero. Therefore, in casual local attention process, Y =  is used to compute the attention weights. The z is set to a constant. The normalized attention weight \u03ba can be learned as:The attention process is fed with information about the key and query as inputs to create fixed-length context vectors. An attention process can use both previous and future speech frames. But, SE is a causal problem and uses previous speech frames to avoid processing latency. We have used casual dynamic and causal local attention approaches. To enhance a speech frame in causal dynamic attention, l = 1 for causal dynamic attention whereas l = (t \u2212 z) is used for the causal local attention. According to correlation computation, we have:The context vector with attention weights is given as:With an attention-weighted context vector, the model decides the attention process.Et is learned from context vectors and features as:f, t) is given as:X | and |D | show the magnitude spectra of clean speech and noise signals, respectively. The enhanced vectors are multiplied with the noisy features to recover the enhanced speech by taking the inverse Short-time Fourier Transform (STFT) as:The decoder recovers the output-enhanced speech by using the input features, encoder output, and context vector, respectively. The enhanced vector m, and n denote the input and the predicted value, respectively. M(x) denote the estimated and predefined IRM masks, respectively. The dynamical-weight loss function is used to adjust the network learning by multiplying weighted values corresponding to the learning errors. Thus, the loss function focuses on large errors to improve performance. The MSE loss function is multiplied by a weighted variable O to get the weighted MSE as:In masking-based deep learning methods for SE, a loss function presents a divergence between the predefined and the estimated mask. A loss function aims to reduce the errors produced during training. Mostly, the MSE (mean square error) is used as the basic loss function, given as:O in B which is set to 10 since it has been observed that the performance of the model at this instance was better.To emphasize the instances with large errors, the weight variable D, we have Mtr and Mte as the training and testing speech utterances. The training and testing speech utterances in the dataset are denoted by Dtr and Dte, respectively. The noisy utterances are generated by adding the noise signals to Dtr and Dte:In experiments, we have used IEEE dataset . Two IEEy, x, d are transformed from the time to frequency domain using the STFT as:T and F show frame number and frequency bin number. We have used STFT magnitude |Y| as the input features.The input pairs We have used speech utterances with a 16 kHz sampling rate. A 512 points Hanning window with 75% overlapping is used. We used the noisy phase during waveform reconstruction. The network consists of an input layer, three unidirectional LSTMs with 256 memory units followed by a fully connected output layer with 257 sigmoidal units. The number of epochs and the learning rate is set to 160 and 0.001, respectively. The weights are randomly initialized and trained with 32 sequences mini-batches by back-propagation through time with Adam optimizer. The three-layered LSTM network architecture with (128/256/256/256/257) memory cells is used. The details of hyperparameters are given in To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we used three objective measures: Short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) , PerceptTo signify the performance of the proposed speech enhancement method, we have compared the results with baseline LSTM-IRM , DNN-IRMIn the matched conditions Tables \u20134, the pThe average STOI, PESQ, and SDR test values across all noise sources and SNRs are given in We also compared DWAtten-LSTM to non-deep learning-based LMMSE and OM-LSA. z is varied from 4 to 12 with an increment of 4. z result in no further improvements and the best performance is achieved for z = 4. As compared to causal dynamic attention, causal local attention showed better results. The observations verified the inference that extensive previous information is not required in speech enhancement. This inference is logical since noisy situations, both types and SNRs, change over time. The observations are valid for the attention networks since the attention LSTM outperformed the baseline LSTM.The overall average STOI, PESQ, and SDR values for all noise sources are given in \u22124) as compared to a non-weighted MSE (3.54 \u00d7 10\u22124).hK and the y-axis denotes hQ. The points,  denote the attention weights. The attention-based network assigns different attention levels (weights) to the contextual frames. The top spectrogram shows noisy speech, and the other spectrogram shows clean speech, respectively.To understand the attention process, the attention maps are illustrated in In experiments, time-varying spectral analysis is conducted to showcase the performance of DWAtten-LSTM. The complexity and convergence analysis are also given. The complexity of a deep learning algorithm revolves around the number of training parameters; LSTM networks have 1.2 million parameters. This is clearly a fewer number as compared to other networks used for speech enhancement, for example, 10 million parameters are used by the residual LSTM . This alAccording to STOI, PESQ, and SDR, the following inferences are drawn. Under various noisy situations, PESQ, STOI, and SDR values indicate that DWAtten-LSTM achieved the best improvements in quality (PESQi), intelligibility (STOIi), and speech distortion (SDRi) as compared to the competing deep learning and non-deep learning methods. The proposed DWAtten-LSTM method improved the quality without degrading speech intelligibility in noisy situations. All deep-learning methods showed repeated improvements in STOI and SDR values, which suggests the potential of deep learning for speech enhancement tasks.The ASR systems use a magnitude spectrum of speech signals, and one would expect that deep learning approaches would certainly improve ASR performance in noisy situations. For ASR systems, SE algorithms operate at the front end. We have used Google ASR  to examiIn addition, we have conducted subjective listening tests to assess the perceptual quality of enhanced speech. The enhanced speech utterances are randomly chosen from various noise sources  using three SNRs, which are -5 dB, 0 dB, and 5 dB. In total, 300 speech utterances are used to assess DNN, LSTM, and the proposed SE. The participants are requested to assign a score (from 0 to 5) according to perceived speech quality. During experiments, no speech utterance is repeated. The listening tests are conducted in an isolated room using high-quality headphones. The data of the listeners who participated in the subjective listening tests for speech quality are given in This section examined the dereverberation performance of the proposed SE. To train the SE model, three reverberation times  are considered. A total of 100 anechoic speech utterances from the IEEE dataset  are usedIn this paper, we have proposed a monaural SE based on the attention LSTM encoder-decoder model with a novel loss function. The proposed DWAtten-LSTM estimated the magnitude spectrum from the noisy speech signals using an ideal ratio mask. We have compared this model to the baseline and competing for deep learning and non-deep-learning methods for speech intelligibility and quality assessment. The objective assessments are accomplished in various noisy situations using three input SNR levels. The PESQ and SDR values indicated that the proposed DWAtten-LSTM achieved significant gains of 0.79 (45.93%) and 6.96dB over noisy speech. Similarly, STOI indicated that DWAtten-LSTM kept intelligibility in all noisy situations and STOI achieved a large gain of 16.70% over the noisy speech. The subjective analysis confirmed the success of the proposed model in terms of speech quality. The results and analysis concluded that we achieved better results in terms of speech quality and intelligibility with the proposed DWAtten-LSTM. The attention process observations verified the inference that extensive previous information is not vital in speech enhancement. The proposed loss function significantly improved the model learning. Although deep learning for speech enhancement outperformed the conventional methods with their complex network architectures, yet required less computationally complex and efficient network architectures for improved performance. The proposed DWAtten-LSTM SE algorithm has demonstrated considerable performance gain as compared to the baseline LSTM and FDNN and achieved higher performance gains when compared to the conventional SE.Our future research will focus on further improving the quality and intelligibility by proposing computationally less complex network architectures in intense unseen noises and speakers. Moreover, phase estimation will also be included to increase the speech quality. This study used STFT as a transformation tool for frequency domain representation; however, several transformations are available in the literature. In future studies, these transformations \u201353 will S1 File(ZIP)Click here for additional data file.S2 File(ZIP)Click here for additional data file.S3 File(ZIP)Click here for additional data file. 26 Dec 2022 <div> PONE-D-22-32395 </div>  <div> Causal Speech Enhancement using Dynamical-Weighted Loss and Attention Encoder-Decoder Recurrent Neural Network </div>  <div> PLOS ONEDear Dr. Saleem,Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.plosone@plos.org. 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Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. 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Reviewer #1:\u00a0Causal Speech Enhancement using Dynamical-Weighted Loss and Attention EncoderDecoder Recurrent Neural Network\" is a good topic for paper but having some suggestions1) Compare results with some current developed methods and use those references in your introduction.2) use one more different input data for analysis and evaluation.3) use proper referencesReviewer #2:\u00a0Summary:In this work, a causal data-driven model is proposed for single-microphone SE operating in real-time systems. The proposed system utilizes attention encoder-decoder long short-term memory (LSTM) to estimate the time-frequency mask from noisy speech.The manuscript is interesting; however, the following comment should be addressed :Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 Please include problem statement .2 - Improvement ratio between the proposed and existing works should be included .Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 \u2013 In the Introduction, the authors need to refer to other speech enhancement algorithms such as : i) doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/1090/1/012102, ii) doi: 10.3390/s21217025, and ii) doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2929864.4 \u2013 The contribution should be included as a list for better readability.Proposed Speech Enhancement Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 Please check the numbering of the subsections .6 \u2013 Define the functions used such as \u201c|\u22c5|\u201d , \u201c||\u22c5||\u201d, \u201c*\u201d , etc .Experiments Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7 \u2013 The authors utilize STFT; however, there are different types of transforms which are based on orthogonal polynomials. The authors need to refer to the difference between the Fourier Transform and the following transforms Krawtchouk transform (doi: 10.3390/e23091162), Hahn Transform (doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3170893), and Meixner transform (doi: 10.1007/s11554-021-01093-z). This will help the researchers to utilize other transforms for SE.Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .General Comments:- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -9 - There are some grammatical error should be checked and corrected .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0No**********https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0quillbot-extension-portal/quillbot-extension-portal 23 Jan 2023Reviewer #1: Causal Speech Enhancement using Dynamical-Weighted Loss and Attention Encoder Decoder Recurrent Neural Network\" is a good topic for paper but having some suggestions1- Compare results with some current developed methods and use those references in your introduction.Response: Thank you for the important suggestion, the results are compared to the recently developed methods and the reference methods are reflected in the introduction part of the revised manuscript. The Tables are revised to address the suggestion of respected reviewer. Table captions are highlighted with Red to show the changes. 2- Use one more different input data for analysis and evaluation.Response: Thank you for the important suggestion. This algorithm was intended for the additive noisy backgrounds; however, to address the concern of the respected reviewer, the authors have included noisy reverberation as other input data. Action: The following text and results are added to the revised paper.This section examined the dereverberation performance of the proposed SE. To train the SE model, three reverberation times  are considered. A total of 100 anechoic speech utterances from the IEEE dataset [40] are used to create the training dataset. The testing dataset contains 40 reverberant speech utterances. There is no overlapping between the speech utterances used during model training, and testing. The proposed method with reverberant speech utterances are compared and examined for the dereverberation. The results are compared with study of Wu and Wang [49], where estimated inverse filters and spectral subtraction are used to reduce the reverberation. Table 11 shows the results using STOI and PESQ. The proposed method delivered the best STOI and PESQ scores, i.e., STOI\u226578.3%, and PESQ\u22652.45 at RT\u22654 sec. The spectrograms are provided in Fig. 8 where the smearing energy produced by reverberation is considerably reduced, showing that the reverberation performance of the proposed method. 3- Use proper references.Response: Thank you for the suggestion, the references is arranged in the proper manner to address the concernReviewer#2: The manuscript is interesting; however, the following comment should be addressed1 \u2013 Please include problem statement.Response: Thank you for the important suggestion, the problem statement is included in the revised manuscript. Action: Speech enhancement (SE) reduces background noise signals in target speech and is applied at the front end in various real-world applications, including robust ASRs and real-time processing in mobile phone communications. SE systems are commonly integrated into mobile phones to increase quality and intelligibility. As a result, a low-latency system is required to operate in real-world applications. On the other hand, these systems need efficient optimization. This research focuses on the single-microphone SE operating in real-time systems with better optimization.2 - Improvement ratio between the proposed and existing works should be included.Response: Thank you for the suggestion, the improvement ratios between the proposed and related studies are included in the revised manuscript. 3 \u2013 In the Introduction, the authors need to refer to other speech enhancement algorithms such as : i) doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/1090/1/012102, ii) doi: 10.3390/s21217025, and ii) doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2929864.Response: The introduction part is modified with the references suggested. Thank you 4 \u2013 The contribution should be included as a list for better readability.Response: The contributions are listed in the revised manuscript to address the concern of the reviewer. Thank you 5 \u2013 Please check the numbering of the subsections.Response: Thank you for the correction, the sections and subsections are corrected in the revised manuscript. 6 \u2013 Define the functions used such as \u201c|\u22c5|\u201d , \u201c||\u22c5||\u201d, \u201c*\u201d , etc .Response: Thank you for the important correction, the typos in equations is corrected and these notations are defined in the revised manuscript.7 \u2013 The authors utilize STFT; however, there are different types of transforms which are based on orthogonal polynomials. The authors need to refer to the difference between the Fourier Transform and the following transforms Krawtchouk transform (doi: 10.3390/e23091162), Hahn Transform (doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3170893), and Meixner transform (doi: 10.1007/s11554-021-01093-z). This will help the researchers to utilize other transforms for SE.Response: Thank you for the important suggestion, the authors have used STFT transform widely used in the speech signal processing. The other mentioned transforms are associated to the different applications and the authors will conduct a separate study based on these transforms. The mentioned transforms are added with the references to the revised manuscript.AttachmentResponse to Reviewers.pdfSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 27 Apr 2023Causal Speech Enhancement using Dynamical-Weighted Loss and Attention Encoder-Decoder Recurrent Neural NetworkPONE-D-22-32395R1Dear Dr. Saleem,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Abdullah M. Mutawa, Ph.DAcademic EditorPLOS ONEReviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> Reviewer #2:\u00a0All comments have been addressedReviewer #3:\u00a0All comments have been addressed********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #2:\u00a0Summary:In this work, a causal data-driven model is proposed for single-microphone SE operating in real-time systems. The proposed system utilizes attention encoder-decoder long short-term memory (LSTM) to estimate the time-frequency mask from noisy speech.The authors have addressed the raised comments. No further comments.Comments:Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 The abstract is fine. No further comments.Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments.Proposed Speech Enhancement Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments.Experiments Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments.Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Reviewer #3:\u00a0I noticed that the revised version corrects all recommendations form the reviewers, I accept the paper in this form.********** <font color=\"black\"> 7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #2:\u00a0NoReviewer #3:\u00a0No********** 2 May 2023PONE-D-22-32395R1 Causal Speech Enhancement using Dynamical-Weighted Loss and Attention Encoder-Decoder Recurrent Neural Network Dear Dr. Saleem:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofDr. Abdullah M. Mutawa Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "Learning strategies are an important component of self-regulated learning. Learners are expected to use multiple strategies appropriately. This study focused on metacognitive knowledge in the use of learning strategies and attempted to clarify the hierarchical nature of multiple knowledge. Furthermore, the study provided suggestions that could lead to further efficient acquisition of learning strategies. Responses were obtained from 184 Japanese university students regarding the degree of strategy use, knowledge regarding strategy, and perceived benefit and cost of 28 reading strategies. Results of the hierarchical Bayesian modeling showed that strategy use was influenced by knowledge regarding strategy and perceived benefit and cost. Furthermore, the effects of perceived benefit and cost were lower in the absence of knowledge regarding strategy. This implies that to use a learning strategy, the learner must first be aware of it and the degree to which it is used  is determined by subjective benefit and cost. Therefore, in classroom situations, it is desirable to explicitly teach not only the course content but also strategies appropriate for learning the content. Dependence of the effects of perceived benefit and cost of strategy use on the presence or absence of knowledge regarding strategy suggests a hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge regarding usage of learning strategies. Research findings to date suggest that self-regulated learning (SRL) is an ideal form of learning , 2. SRL Yamaguchi referred to the assumption that one learner used multiple strategies to examine the intra-individual variance of learning strategies . Examinaknowledge of cognition ), 0.36 increase in Used scores for a 1-point increase in Benefit scores (\u03b320 = 0.36 [0.31 \u2212 0.41]), and 0.22 decrease in Used scores for a 1-point increase in Cost scores (\u03b330 = \u22120.22[\u22120.27 \u2212 \u22120.16]). Furthermore, the effects of Benefit and Cost on Used varied based on the presence or absence of Knowledge . There was no interaction effect between Benefit and Cost (\u03b360 = \u22120.03[\u22120.06 \u2212 0.01]). Regarding the random effects, there was variance in Used scores across the participants (\u03c400 = 0.20[0.16 \u2212 0.26]) and items (\u03c900 = 0.10[0.06 \u2212 0.19]) as well as an effect of participant variance on the effect of Knowledge on Used (\u03c411 = 0.28[0.20 \u2212 0.40]). Other random effects were nearly 0.Knowledge and Benefit and Knowledge and Cost for Used, the simple slope of Benefit and Cost to Used was examined in the presence and absence of Knowledge, respectively. As a rough trend, the influence of Benefit and Cost on Used was strengthened when Knowledge was present. Specifically, a 1-point increase in Benefit/Cost score for the strategy with Knowledge led to a 0.53-point increase and 0.27 decrease in Used score . In addition, a 0.18-point increase and 0.16 decrease was observed for the strategy without Knowledge .Since there were interactions between This study examined the hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge in the use of learning strategies , 13. WitSeveral studies that focused on intra-individual variance in learning strategy use also revealed that knowledge regarding a strategy and the perceived benefit and cost affected strategy use \u20138. This Several recommendations can be made based on the study\u2019s findings. Although the importance of teaching a knowledge regarding strategy has already been stated , it is pAlthough there was no interaction effect on strategy use when it came to perceived benefit and cost, procedural knowledge, which could not be included in the study variables, may have been involved. Basic experiments on reinforcement learning revealed a trade-off relationship, where benefits decreased as costs increased . In thisThis study\u2019s conclusions are based on a self-report survey using a questionnaire. Similarly, it has been demonstrated that strategies with knowledge regarding strategy are used , and thaThis study has certain limitations, including the fact that it does not assess procedural knowledge, does not examine the cost-benefit trade-off, and is not an experimentally controlled study. In addition, since this was a cross-sectional study, it will be necessary to consider within-individual variance measured at multiple time points for the same variables . DespiteS1 File(ZIP)Click here for additional data file.S2 File(ZIP)Click here for additional data file.S3 File(ZIP)Click here for additional data file. 16 Aug 2023 <div> PONE-D-23-13187 </div>  <div> Knowing the learning strategy is not enough to use it: Example in reading strategies for Japanese undergraduates </div>  <div> PLOS ONEDear Dr. Yamaguchi,Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.==============================In the \u201cProcedure and Participants\u201d section, it is not clear how the authors administered the surveys. Online, offline, during the lecture, etc. The following text is also not clear/incomprehensible.Online, 76 authors stated that \u201cOf the participants, five were excluded from the dataset for the following reasons: participants whose age was more than two standard scores away from the others (n = 2), responses ended in the middle of the questionnaire (n = 2)\u201d. The question obviously arises, why did the authors exclude these cases? What effect could have been on the results If they were included?The text \u201cOf the 184 participants, 22 had at least one missing response (22 / 184 = 12%), with 12 being the most common missing value (12 / 112 = 11%).\u201d is incomprehensible. Specifically, what does the value 12 mean?Which software did the authors use to analyze the data or they calculated all the mathematics by themselves? There is no need to write that mathematics if authors did not devise the method by themselves and used someone else\u2019s model. Just mentioning the name of the model suffices.Furthermore, the manuscript used only subjective/perception-based measures. The results cannot be validated unless a practical experiment to determine the learning effects is conducted. This is especially true as the authors claim the study was the first of its kind that determined the effect of metacognitive knowledge in the use of learning strategies and attempted to clarify the hierarchical nature of multiple knowledge.For validation, the authors could also argue in context using the literature on the importance/effectiveness/correlation of perception/subjective ratings.==============================plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.Please submit your revised manuscript by Sep 30 2023 11:59PM. If you will need more time than this to complete your revisions, please reply to this message or contact the journal office at\u00a0A rebuttal letter that responds to each point raised by the academic editor and reviewer(s). You should upload this letter as a separate file labeled 'Response to Reviewers'.A marked-up copy of your manuscript that highlights changes made to the original version. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Revised Manuscript with Track Changes'.An unmarked version of your revised paper without tracked changes. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Manuscript'.Please include the following items when submitting your revised manuscript:If you would like to make changes to your financial disclosure, please include your updated statement in your cover letter. Guidelines for resubmitting your figure files are available below the reviewer comments at the end of this letter.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines#loc-laboratory-protocols. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols.If applicable, we recommend that you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io to enhance the reproducibility of your results. Protocols.io assigns your protocol its own identifier (DOI) so that it can be cited independently in the future. For instructions see: We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.Kind regards,Iftikhar Ahmed KhanAcademic EditorPLOS ONEJournal Requirements:When submitting your revision, we need you to address these additional requirements.1. Please ensure that your manuscript meets PLOS ONE's style requirements, including those for file naming. The PLOS ONE style templates can be found at\u00a0https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=wjVg/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_main_body.pdf and\u00a0https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=ba62/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_title_authors_affiliations.pdf2. Please provide additional details regarding participant consent. In the ethics statement in the Methods and online submission information, please ensure that you have specified what type you obtained . If your study included minors, state whether you obtained consent from parents or guardians. If the need for consent was waived by the ethics committee, please include this information.3. We note that you have stated that you will provide repository information for your data at acceptance. Should your manuscript be accepted for publication, we will hold it until you provide the relevant accession numbers or DOIs necessary to access your data. If you wish to make changes to your Data Availability statement, please describe these changes in your cover letter and we will update your Data Availability statement to reflect the information you provide.[Note: HTML markup is below. Please do not edit.]Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0I Don't Know********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0This paper focused on metacognitive knowledge in the use of learning strategies which are an important aspect of self-regulated learning.The abstract sets out the background context and rationale. As a reader, it could be clearer what is a specific key result. There are some general statements which could be positioned to emphasize for the reader a key result or takeaway and finally an overall concluding statement on the impact on practice.Research findings till date suggest that self-regulated learning (SRL) is an ideal form of 2 learning . Compared to? What does ideal form of learning mean?The opening statement needs to set the context of the research and this doesn\u2019t do that well enough in my opinion.Line 2: Research findings till date \u2013 to date?Line 16/17: This was since motivational variables were individual difference variables (is not a coherent statement for the reader)The authors cite Schraw and Moshman which is the underpinning research that informs the model used in this study. The reference is 1995 and yet no commentary on this research is given. Has it been cited or used extensively? What evidence beyond the original research supports its use? Are there any limitations with this research paper?What is the research aim or research question? This would be helpful at the end of the introduction to bring together how this research addresses a gap in the knowledge base.Line 94: were referenced the Reading Strategies Questionnaire \u2013 \u201cin\u201d the Reading?In Table 2 there are missing values, yet the procedure and participants section, mentions exclusion of participants where variables were missing?The discussion section, introduces the overall results which do seem pretty obvious. It is good that this is reflected because declarative knowledge would be required to evaluate perceived benefit and cost and hence the choice to use such a strategy.it suggested the necessity of teaching both the subject matter and 205 strategy in educationA section or discussion on the impact of the outcomes from this study on practice would be useful and help contextualise the findings further.********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0No**********https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 23 Sep 2023Dr. Iftikhar Ahmed KhanAcademic EditorPLOS ONEDear Dr. Khan,I would like to thank you for not only managing my manuscript [PONE-D-23-13187] as an Academic Editor, but also for your suggestions on how to improve it. I am grateful for your advice to make my manuscript more readable. I have addressed each of your comments and suggestions as follows.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In the \u201cProcedure and Participants\u201d section, it is not clear how the authors administered the surveys. Online, offline, during the lecture, etc. The following text is also not clear/incomprehensible.RESPONSE: Thank you for pointing this out. I have added a note.BEFORE: line 69Students from three universities in Tokyo, Japan, voluntarily participated in the survey, which was conducted during a lecture of one course at each university in 2012.AFTER: line 90Students from three universities in Tokyo, Japan, voluntarily participated in the survey, which was conducted during a single offline lecture of one course at each university in 2012.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Online, 76 authors stated that \u201cOf the participants, five were excluded from the dataset for the following reasons: participants whose age was more than two standard scores away from the others (n = 2), responses ended in the middle of the questionnaire (n = 2)\u201d. The question obviously arises, why did the authors exclude these cases? What effect could have been on the results If they were included?RESPONSE: I did not explain myself well enough. The reason has been added. An additional reference was added, which caused a change in the numbering of the list of references.BEFORE: N/AAFTER: Line 101To examine the hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge of reading strategy use in college students' descriptive essays, age was used as a criterion in this study to exclude graduate students and experienced working adults, who are likely to have more experience reading expository texts than college students. Regarding the missing data criteria, the rationale is that abandoning of a response in the middle of the survey is not random missing data, and it may cause bias in the results. [14].14. Enders CK. Applied missing data analysis. New York: The Guilford Press; 2010.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The text \u201cOf the 184 participants, 22 had at least one missing response (22 / 184 = 12%), with 12 being the most common missing value (12 / 112 = 11%).\u201d is incomprehensible. Specifically, what does the value 12 mean?RESPONSE: I have provided the figures, but they were insufficiently explained. Further information has been added.BEFORE: Line 79Of the 184 participants, 22 had at least one missing response (22 / 184 = 12%), with 12 being the most common missing value (12 / 112 = 11%).AFTER: Line 107As described below, there were 28 reading strategies, and participants were asked to respond to four variables  per item, so the maximum response per participant was 112. Of the 184 participants who were not excluded by the above criteria, 22 had at least one missing measurement (22 / 184 = 12%), and even the participant with the most missing measurements among these 22 had a missing number of 12 (12 / 112 = 11%).--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Which software did the authors use to analyse the data or they calculated all the mathematics by themselves? There is no need to write that mathematics if authors did not devise the method by themselves and used someone else\u2019s model. Just mentioning the name of the model suffices.RESPONSE: I found the logical structure to be difficult to understand. Thank you for your important question. I described software and models in the first paragraph of \"Data analysis.\"BEFORE: N/AAFTER: Line 136For each model, random and fixed effects were considered [19], and a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method was employed to estimate appropriate parameters [20].Mplus ver. 8.3 was used to perform such hierarchical Bayesian modelling [21].--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Furthermore, the manuscript used only subjective/perception-based measures. The results cannot be validated unless a practical experiment to determine the learning effects is conducted. This is especially true as the authors claim the study was the first of its kind that determined the effect of metacognitive knowledge in the use of learning strategies and attempted to clarify the hierarchical nature of multiple knowledge.For validation, the authors could also argue in context using the literature on the importance/effectiveness/correlation of perception/subjective ratings.RESPONSE: As you point out, this study relies on self-reporting and not empirical reporting. Although there is literature that reports learning effects on metacognition in a self-report format [10], I have not found any literature that warrants the hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge that I propose. As you have highlighted, this is my first attempt, but the fact that it is not an empirical study is a limitation of this study, so I have decided to describe it as follows (AFTER). Since the present research first wanted to publicize the possibility that there is a hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge in the use of learning strategies, I introduced other studies that mention the influence of metacognitive knowledge on the use of learning strategies, including the results of this study, and specified that empirical studies are needed.BEFORE: N/AAFTER: Line 274This study's conclusions are based on a self-report survey using a questionnaire. Similarly, it has been demonstrated that strategies with knowledge regarding strategy are used [6], and that strategies with higher perceived benefit/cost are used more often/less often [6-8]. This study suggests a hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge through interaction effects. Thus, there appears to be a hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge in the use of learning strategies in the learner's awareness. However, substantiating such an assumption requires controlled experimental and empirical research findings, such as a graded intervention experiment that reflects the hierarchy of assumed metacognitive knowledge.This study has certain limitations, including the fact that it does not assess procedural knowledge, does not examine the cost-benefit trade-off, and is not an experimentally controlled study. In addition, \u2026++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Dear Reviewer,I am grateful to you for your important advice on my manuscript. I hope my correction is in line with your intention. I have addressed each of your comments and suggestions as follows.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The abstract sets out the background context and rationale. As a reader, it could be clearer what is a specific key result. There are some general statements which could be positioned to emphasize for the reader a key result or takeaway and finally an overall concluding statement on the impact on practice.RESPONSE: Thanks for the suggestion. I have added two sentences highlighting the results and recommendations for practice.BEFORE: N/AAFTER: Abstract\u2026 Furthermore, the effects of perceived benefit and cost were lower in the absence of knowledge regarding strategy. This implies that to use a learning strategy, the learner must first be aware of it and the degree to which it is used  is determined by subjective benefit and cost. Therefore, in classroom situations, it is desirable to explicitly teach not only the course content but also strategies appropriate for learning the content. Dependence of the effects of perceived benefit and cost of strategy use on the presence or absence of knowledge regarding strategy suggests a hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge regarding usage of learning strategies.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Research findings till date suggest that self-regulated learning (SRL) is an ideal form of 2 learning . Compared to? What does ideal form of learning mean?The opening statement needs to set the context of the research and this doesn\u2019t do that well enough in my opinion.RESPONSE: Thank you for your suggestion. I have added a note about self-adjusted learning.BEFORE: N/AAFTER: Line 3\u2026 an ideal form of learning . SRL is a proactive learning activity in which the learner assesses his or her own learning situation and adjusts both the learning method and motivation as needed. It is well recognized that the more SRL that are utilized, the better understanding of the learning content and the better academic performance [2]. Furthermore, \u2026--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 2: Research findings till date \u2013 to date?RESPONSE: Thank you for pointing this out. I have reflected it in the statement.BEFORE: Line 2Research findings till date suggest that self-regulated learning (SRL) is an ideal form of learning .AFTER: Line 2Research findings to date suggest that self-regulated learning (SRL) is an ideal form of learning .--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 16/17: This was since motivational variables were individual difference variables (is not a coherent statement for the reader)RESPONSE: It was too complicated to explain. The claim, including the preceding statement, was ambiguous and has been corrected.BEFORE: Line 14Therefore, Schraw and Moshman proposed that the factors that promoted and inhibited the use of learning strategies should be taken as the knowledge regarding strategy and perceived benefit and cost of the learning strategies themselves [9]. This was since motivational variables were individual difference variables, which were important factors in SRL.AFTER: Line 18Therefore, he contended that the factors that promoted and inhibited the use of learning strategies should be identified as the knowledge regarding strategy and perceived benefit and cost of the learning strategies themselves [9]. Although SRL has been focused on from an individual differences perspective, focusing on motivational variables such as \"what kind of learner\" [2], it is also important to approach SRL from an intra-individual perspective, such as \"how each learner uses the strategy\".--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The authors cite Schraw and Moshman which is the underpinning research that informs the model used in this study. The reference is 1995 and yet no commentary on this research is given. Has it been cited or used extensively? What evidence beyond the original research supports its use? Are there any limitations with this research paper?RESPONSE: Thank you for pointing this out. I have added a description of the relevant previous studies and added the literature that has influenced them to date. This literature appears to be cited in over 2,800 references as of September 2023 (by Google Scholar).BEFORE: Line 21\u2026 and the conditions . Murayama used this proposal to model a process to use a learning strategy hierarchically [10].AFTER: Line 27\u2026 and the conditions . They reviewed metacognitive theory prior to the publication of this literature and proposed two components of metacognition: not only \"knowledge of cognition\" as described above, but also \"regulation of cognition\" such as planning, monitoring, and evaluation. To date, their proposed model has been widely accepted, with metacognition proven to mediate achievement goals and facilitate mathematical modeling in mathematics education [10], and a list of metacognitive teaching practices for instructors to implement in biology education [11]. Furthermore, metacognitive knowledge has emerged as a key individual metacognitive trait in self-control studies [12]. Murayama used their knowledge of cognition to model [9] a process to use a learning strategy hierarchically [13].https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.020621110. Hidayat R, Zulnaidi H, Syed Zamri SNA. Roles of metacognition and achievement goals in mathematical modeling competency: A structural equation modeling analysis. PLoS ONE. 2018 Nov;13(11):e0206211. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.20-12-028911. Stanton JD, Sebesta, AJ, Dunlosky, J. Fostering metacognition to support student learning and performance. CBE\u2014Life Sciences Education. 2021 Apr;20(2):fe3. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev000040612. Hennecke M, B \u00a8urgler S. Metacognition and self-control: An integrative framework. Psychol Rev. Advance online publication. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------What is the research aim or research question? This would be helpful at the end of the introduction to bring together how this research addresses a gap in the knowledge base.RESPONSE: Thank you for your important remarks. We have clearly stated the purpose of this study and our expectations.BEFORE: N/AAFTER: Line 72The purpose of this study is to illustrate the simplified results of the process leading up to the use of a learning strategy, in particular the hierarchical nature of the process due to metacognitive knowledge. If a learning strategy is used progressively, then (a) the learner must first comprehend the strategy to use it, and (b) after comprehending it, the learner determines whether or not to use it based on subjective benefit and cost. These predictions are supported when (a') the main effect of Knowledge on Used is observed and (b') the effects of Benefit and Cost on Used are observed in strategies with Knowledge.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Line 94: were referenced the Reading Strategies Questionnaire \u2013 \u201cin\u201d the Reading?RESPONSE: Thank you for pointing this out. I have reflected it in the statement.BEFORE: Line 94This questionnaire\u2019s categories and items were referenced the Reading Strategies Questionnaire developed by \u2026AFTER: Line 125This questionnaire\u2019s categories and items were referenced in the Reading Strategies Questionnaire developed by \u2026--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In Table 2 there are missing values, yet the procedure and participants section, mentions exclusion of participants where variables were missing?RESPONSE: The description was unclear to the reader. Thank you for your valuable remarks.BEFORE: N/AAFTER: Line 101To examine the hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge of reading strategy use in college students' descriptive essays, age was used as a criterion in this study to exclude graduate students and experienced working adults, who are likely to have more experience reading expository texts than college students. Regarding the missing data criteria, the rationale is that abandoning of a response in the middle of the survey is not random missing data, and it may cause bias in the results [11]. As described below, there were 28 reading strategies, and participants were asked to respond to four variables  per item, so the maximum response per participant was 112. Of the 184 participants who were not excluded by the above criteria, 22 had at least one missing measurement (22 / 184 = 12%), and even the participant with the most missing measurements among these 22 had a missing number of 12 (12 / 112 = 11%).--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The discussion section, introduces the overall results which do seem pretty obvious. It is good that this is reflected because declarative knowledge would be required to evaluate perceived benefit and cost and hence the choice to use such a strategy.it suggested the necessity of teaching both the subject matter and 205 strategy in educationA section or discussion on the impact of the outcomes from this study on practice would be useful and help contextualise the findings further.RESPONSE: Thank you for your advice on how to make the findings of my manuscript more generalizable. I have added the following.BEFORE: N/AAFTER: Line 250Several recommendations can be made based on the study\u2019s findings. Although the importance of teaching a knowledge regarding strategy has already been states [11], it is possible that learners may be referring to subjective benefit and/or cost in using strategies. Based on these considerations, it is suggested that there is a need for a phase in which students are not only taught the learning strategies throughout the class, but are also provided with assignments in which they use the strategies they are aiming to acquire, and are given feedback on how their scores have increased through their use. 23 Oct 2023Knowing the learning strategy is not enough to use it: Example in reading strategies for Japanese undergraduatesPONE-D-23-13187R1Dear Dr. Yamaguchi,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Iftikhar Ahmed KhanAcademic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :Reviewers' comments: 9 Nov 2023PONE-D-23-13187R1 Knowing the learning strategy is not enough to use it:Example in reading strategies for Japanese undergraduates Dear Dr. Yamaguchi:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofDr. Iftikhar Ahmed Khan Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
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{"text": "Due to a publishing error the article: \u201cSynergistic antimicrobial potential of EGCG and fosfomycin against biofilms associated with endodontic infections\u201d, published at Journal of Applied Oral Science 31(e-20220282):1-13. doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0282 was printed with the following error:Where it reads:Anuradha Prakki University of Toronto, Faculty of Dentistry - Dental Research Institute - Toronto - ON - Canada. Phone: +1 416-864-8238 e-mail: a.prakki@cirurgi\u00e3o-dentistaThe sentence should read:Anuradha Prakki - University of Toronto - Faculty of Dentistry \u2013 Dental Research Institute \u2013 Toronto \u2013 ON \u2013 Canada - Phone: +1 416-864-8238 - e-mail: a.prakki@dentistry.utoronto.ca"}
{"text": "Editor-in-ChiefJournal of the Royal Society Interface (volume 19) in 2022. The editorial team very much appreciates the time and dedication given by academics to the peer review process and recognizes their efforts. From previous feedback, we know that most reviewers value recognition of their efforts by the journal and through services, such as Publons, which is integrated with J. R. Soc. Interface.I thank all those referees who helped assess submissions to To provide an opportunity for recognition, we list the names of all reviewers who provided reports last year (unless they have opted out or not responded). This article is made permanent and citable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure and grants or other forms of research assessment. 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RZhang Fhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7107-4814Zhang JZhao HZhdanov Ohttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4993-1896Zheng XZuluaga MZuriguel IThe team really do appreciate all the work our reviewers do on behalf of the journal, and we look forward to working with you again in 2023."}
{"text": "DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000451Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2022;66(2):269-71Where you read:Mohammad Esmatinia1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8582-5658Should read:Mahdi Mottaghi1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8582-5658"}
{"text": "Royal Society Open Science would like to thank all reviewers who contributed their time by refereeing manuscripts submitted last year. We are extremely grateful for your support and expertise.The Editors and journal administrative team of Royal Society Open Science.From previous feedback, we know that most reviewers value recognition of their efforts by the journal and through services such as the Web of Science Reviewer Recognition Service (formerly Publons), which is integrated with As in previous years, to provide an opportunity for recognition, we list the names of all reviewers who have opted to be included. The list also includes a number of \u2018co-reviewers\u2019 who jointly reviewed a paper with a more senior colleague, thus not only training the next generation of reviewers but also spreading some of the workload of refereeing more equitably.This article is made permanent and citable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure and grants or other forms of research assessment. 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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9575-4387Wiseman A Wochner IWolfe Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4624-8904Wolff J Wolfinger NWong Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2309-8835Wong F https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4773-4493Wood A Wu LWu Qhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9579-5357Wuttke A Xiao GXie L-HXie MXie WXie WXie XXie XXu GXu TXu ZPXuan LXue JYamamura TYanase SYang Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7490-1870Yang H Yang K-CYang YYang ZYasukawa KYeung SKYi JSYin YYin ZYio Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5511-3884Yon D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8671-990XYoung J Yu LYu Y-XYu YZaccagni Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0578-4049Zachreson C Zakeri JAZakerzadeh RZang ZZare-Dorabei Rhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3620-6196Zarnescu A Zarzeczna NJhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-5993Zeid A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8929-5914Zevin J Zhan Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0956-6142Zhang B Zhang HZhang JZhang JZhang Khttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9586-595XZhang L Zhao RZhao XZhou LZhou MZhou YZioga Ihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5356-4817Zoccola M Zoete VZuriguel IOn behalf of all the Editors and editorial office, thanks once again to all of our reviewers past, present and future, and we look forward to your continued support of our journal."}
{"text": "Open Biology would like to thank all reviewers who contributed their time by refereeing manuscripts submitted throughout 2022. From previous feedback, we know that most reviewers value recognition of their efforts by the journal and through services, such as Web of Science Reviewer Recognition Science, which is integrated with Open Biology.The Editors of Open Biology are awarded tokens that can be redeemed against article processing charges when they publish with us.At the start of 2023, we launched a new pilot scheme to reward peer review, where reviewers of To further provide opportunities for recognition, we list the names of all reviewers last year who opted in. This article is made permanent and citeable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure and grants or other forms of research assessment. Where you have provided it, we have included your ORCID, so your contribution can be unambiguously assigned to you.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1095-8445Ahmad K https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6010-394XAkiyoshi B https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-8930Alberto-Silva C https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0356-6600Alic N Allen Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0918-3152Allingham J Andersson Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2525-2867Antonicka H https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2893-4919Arakawa K https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2857-7667Archambault V Avella MAyt\u00e9 JBadea TCBaghel MBall EBallmer Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2864-6757Bartoszewski R Bax BDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4315-8628Becker D Bertolin GBhanot PBhartiya DBiland\u017eija HBlaydes JPBodas MBrown MBrownlee Chttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4297-4412Bruce A Brunke SCao NCapra VCarmena ACarvalho LPCarver JCasali ACastanheira FCentanin LChakravortty Dhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5974-1650Chan KY Chen XChen LClowney JColumbus LColvin RConnock MCorbet CCoulson ECross RCuesta AD'Adamo SDai ZDas Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6214-0824De Meyts P https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-259XDevenport D Devineni Ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1416-6223Dey G Di Cristo GDickinson Ghttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9617-4141Dominguez I https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8979-8394Dom\u00ednguez-P\u00e9rez R Draskovic IDuckett SKDuncan EEcheverri Khttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0066-6542Elias M Ellender TElsayad KEmme LEnguita FJEvavold CFeng TFisher RFraint Ehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9664-9573Francia M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4606-7617Freeland S Fromm Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-4087Funabiki H Ganz Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2242-4619Gayathri P Ge Lhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1818-1965Glasner ME Good MGrau DPMagdalena GGr\u00fcnder SGuettler SHan CHasan GHassan PZHerrera SCHill SHouten SMHu SHubalek FIkui AIttner AIwai Hhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1737-1487Jakubik J Jamuna Surendran SJauch RJessop MJia SJiang CJouandin PJovine LJr WW HayKale Vhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1391-3349Kanda T Kappen CKarnkowska AKaru KKawamukai MKessler TKhan KKins Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-493XKitazawa T https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7468-6963Knorre D https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3943-8299Koonin E https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-9376Korb J Kotak SKuil LKumamoto Ehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-7056Kursula I Lanz Mendoza H\u202aLasker \u202aKLee KLi LLi Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0599-5356Li G Lilly BLin Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2202-9712Linder M Liu M-Fhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6936-1697Longdon B Madrid MMalnic BMansur DMartino SMatsumoto SMazza DMeuti MMeyer KMikus Fhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3373-8012Minli Y Mitchell BMitchell Dhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-9399Mitsunaga-Nakatsubo K M\u00f6bius Whttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-9294Moran Y Moreira JMorrison Chttps://orcid.org/00000000238606759Mosqueda N https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4789-7495Mudge J Muhi SNadler ANakabeppu Yhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1823-5989Nakajima Y Nasher Fhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1038-9083Nathanson L Navarro Gil POffre POpresko Phttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5359-4699Fabian P https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-5262Penad\u00e9s JR Pfeifer EPinotsis Nhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5711-6624Poirot M https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0400-0222Posern G Prinz APugliese GRao HRavindran VRoberts Ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9956-1769Rogers L Romero ERoncarati DSaenz JSamways Dhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5423-9645Sandoz JC Saunders TSazanov LSchalch Thttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8999-5451Scheele C Schreiber SSchwartz GJhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1330-4364Sdelci S Sharan RShi ZShibata NShu Ghttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1572-5840Siden-Kiamos I Sieben CSilva JSintim Hhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8228-3758Skittrall J Skupin ASnel BSoto MSpletter MLhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1704-9199Stammnitz M https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4217-2850Stark A Sucena \u00c9Sunol Chttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-2836-9622Sunter J Swartz ZTaniguchi KTao Y-Xhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-5134Tasaki E Tennant DTennessen Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6295-8183Tokatlidis K https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-9900Tomanin R Tritten LUssar Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-2271Vagnarelli P https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4024-968XVan Aken O Vecsey CGVega MVincent Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8763-342XVogt K Wang QWang XWeijer CWeng DWickstead BWille HWirtshafter Hhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1082-1956wong wf Wood Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9965-9646Xu F Xu HYamamoto DYang Hhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9910-3170Yang J-S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9956-3879Zhang Y-A Zhang PZhao CZhong FZhu RThe team really does appreciate all the work our reviewers do on behalf of the journal, and we look forward to working with you again in future."}
{"text": "We used the wrong DOI prefix in the Corrigendum e20220003, published in volume 45.Wrong/old DOI number: https://doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2022-0003Correct DOI number: https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0003"}
{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-14458-6, published online 27 June 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Reference 27, which was incorrectly given as:Neurophotonics 7, 1 (2020).Jaffe-Dux, S., Bermano, A. H., Erel, Y. & Emberson, L. L. Video-based motion-resilient reconstruction of three-dimensional position for functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography head mounted probes. The correct reference is listed below:Neurophotonics 7, 3, 035001-035001 (2020).Jaffe-Dax, S., Bermano, A. H., Erel, Y. & Emberson, L. L. Video-based motion-resilient reconstruction of three-dimensional position for functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography head mounted probes. The original Article has been corrected."}
{"text": "Correction: Journal of Translational Medicine (2022) 20:580 10.1186/s12967-022-03616-zhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8554-9638Carmen Scheibenbogen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1631-4824Titus Kuehne https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-1443Peter Linz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-840XChristian Stehning https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0285-2851Elisabeth Petter https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9862-4951Klaus Wirth Prior to publication of the original article , we have"}
{"text": "Where you read (AUTHORS):Hussein Hassan Okasha1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0815-1394Mona Mansor1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7274-5429Nermine Sheriba2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1222-8948Maha Assem1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3295-2586Yasmine Abdelfattah1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2465-3757Omar A. Ashoush3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3992-9856Maha Rakha3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8287-7599Dalia Abdelfattah4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8598-7128Shereen Sadik El-Sawy2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9642-4657Mai Elshenoufy1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9781-9463Ahmed Amr Mohsen5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-1524Heba Kamal Sedrak1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9143-3247Abeer Awad Abdellatif1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9945-97671 Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.2 Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.3 Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.4 Biostatistic and Cancer Epidemiology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.5 National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.Should read:Hussein Hassan Okasha1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0815-1394Mona Mansor1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7274-5429Nermine Sheriba2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1222-8948Maha Assem1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3295-2586Yasmine Abdelfattah1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2465-3757Omar A. Ashoush1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3992-9856Maha Rakha1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8287-7599Dalia Abdelfattah3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8598-7128Shereen Sadik El-Sawy1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9642-4657Mai Elshenoufy1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9781-9463Ahmed Amr Mohsen4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-1524Heba Kamal Sedrak1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9143-3247Abeer Awad Abdellatif1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9945-97671Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.2Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.3Biostatistic and Cancer Epidemiology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.4 National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt."}
{"text": "Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol 9Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels; Committee on Toxicology; National Research CouncilWashington, DC: National Academies Press, 2010. 462 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15944-9, $89.25African Climate and Climate ChangeCharles J.R. Williams, Dominic R. Kniveton, eds.New York: Springer, 2011. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-3841-8, $129Arts: A Science MatterMaria Burguete, Lui LamHackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 2011. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4324-93-9, $78Bringing Ecologists and Economists TogetherT. S\u00f6derqvist, A. Sundbaum, C. Folke, K.-G. M\u00e4ler, K.-G., eds.New York: Springer, 2011. 281 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-9475-9, $129Ecology Revisited: Reflecting on Concepts, Advancing ScienceAstrid Schwarz, Kurt Jax, eds.New York: Springer, 2011. 412 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-9743-9, $209Expect the Unexpected: A First Course in BiostatisticsRaluca Balan, Gilles LamotheHackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 2011. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4291-32-3, $54Ingested Nitrate and Nitrite, and Cyanobacterial Peptide ToxinsIARC Monographs Vol. 94Geneva: WHO Press, 2010. 457 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2832-1294-2, $55Order and Disorder: Science Essentials for the Non-ScientistMyron KaufmanHackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 2010. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-574-8, $88Pathways for Getting to Better Water Quality: The Citizen EffectLois Wright Morton, Susan S. Brown, eds.New York: Springer, 2011. 273 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4419-7281-1, $129Persistent Pollution\u2014Past, Present and FutureMarkus Quante, Ralf Ebinghaus, G\u00f6tz Fl\u00f6ser, eds.New York: Springer, 2011. 499 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-17418-6, $179Perspectives from United Kingdom and United States Policy Makers on Obesity PreventionPaula Tarnapol Whitacre and Annina Catherine Burns, eds.Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2010. 96 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15078-1, $21Protecting Children\u2019s Health in a Changing EnvironmentWHO Regional Office for EuropeGeneva: WHO Press, 2010. 90 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2890-1419-9, $20The End of Energy: The Unmaking of America\u2019s Environment, Security, and IndependenceMichael GraetzCambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2011. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01567-7, $29.95The Environmental Politics of SacrificeMichael F. Maniates, John M. MeyerCambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010. 344 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51436-1, $25The Fate of Greenland: Lessons from Abrupt Climate ChangePhilip W. ConklingCambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2011. 224 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01564-6, $29.95The Human Genome, 3rd ed., A User\u2019s GuideJulia E. Richards, R. Scott S.H. HawleySt. Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2011. 420 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-333445-9, $89.95"}
{"text": "Climate Change and SocietyJohn UrryHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2011. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7456-5036-4, $69.95Comprehensive Toxicology, 2nd ed.Charlene A. McQueenSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-046868-6, $6495Corruption, Development and the EnvironmentLorenzo PellegriniNew York:Springer, 2011. 195 pp. ISBN: 978-94-007-0598-2, $129EcotoxicologyErik Jorgensen, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 402 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53628-0, $79.95Energy Conservation in East Asia: Towards Greater Energy SecurityElspeth Thomson, Youngho Chang, Jae-Seung Lee, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 408 pp. ISBN: 978-981-277-177-3, $135Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: Technology, Incentives, BehaviorFereidoon Perry Sioshansi, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2011. 640 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-385136-9, $99.95EnvironanotechnologyMaohong Fan, C.P. Huang, Alan E. Bland, Zhonglin Wang, Rachid Slimane, Ian G. Wright, eds.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 310 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-054820-3, $147Fundamentals of Ecosystem ScienceKathie C. Weathers, David L. Strayer, Gene E. Likens, eds.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2011. 450 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-088774-3, $64.95Greening of Petroleum Operations: The Science of Sustainable Energy ProductionM.R. Islam, A.B. Chhetri, M.M. KhanHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 859 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-62590-3, $239Managing CO2Emissions in the Chemical IndustryHans-Joachim Leimk\u00fchler, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 480 pp. ISBN: 978-3-527-32659-4, $195Oil Spill Science and TechnologyMervin Fingas, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2011. 1,192 pp. ISBN: 978-1-85617-943-0, $200Perspectives from United Kingdom and United States Policy Makers on Obesity PreventionPaula Tarnapol Whitacre and Annina Catherine Burns, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 96 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15078-1, $21Reproductive and Developmental ToxicologyRamesh C. Gupta, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2011. 1,220 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-382032-7, $250Risks of Hazardous WastesPaul E. Rosenfeld, Lydia FengSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2011. 472 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4377-7842-7, $195Towards a Sustainable Asia: EnergyAssociation of Academies of Sciences in AsiaNew York:Springer, 2011. 56 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-16680-8, $139The Challenges of Climate Change: Which Way Now?Daniel P. Perlmutter, Robert L. RothsteinHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2011. 248 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-65497-2, $39.95The Chemical Element: Chemistry\u2019s Contribution to Our Global FutureJavier Garcia-Martinez, Elena Serrano-Torregrosa, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2011. 368 pp. ISBN: 978-3-527-32880-2, $34.50"}
{"text": "In Figure 6, Panel D, the delta HR (y-axis) number should be as follows: -25, -50, -75, -100."}
{"text": "This is a correction to the following paper: Determining the degradation efficiency and mechanisms of ethyl violet using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and GC-MS, Wen-Hsin Chung, Chung-Shin Lu, Wan-Yu Lin, Jian-Xun Wang, Chia-Wei Wu, Chiing-Chang Chen, Chemistry Central Journal 2012, 6:63 (30 June 2012). This is a correction to the following paper: Determining the degradation efficiency and mechanisms of ethyl violet using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and GC-MS, Wen-Hsin Chung, Chung-Shin Lu, Wan-Yu Lin, Jian-Xun Wang, Chia-Wei Wu, Chiing-Chang Chen, Chemistry Central Journal 2012, 6:63 (30 June 2012).Wen-Hsin Chung has requested that his name is removed from the original article  because"}
{"text": "Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has been used clinically for the treatment of heart failure patients in Japan, and also exhibits a variety of physiological effects through binding guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) receptor. We and other groups has been reported that GC-A is abundantly expressed in endothelial cells. In the present study, we explored the therapeutic potential of endothelial ANP/GC-A system for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.We generated endothelial cell-specific GC-A transgenic mice using Tie2 promoter and enhancer (EC-GC-A-Tg), inducible endothelial cell-specific GC-A transgenic mice (Inducible EC-GC-A-Tg), and also endothelial cell-specific GC-A knockout mice (EC-GC-A-KO). In addition, we used eNOS transgenic mice (eNOS-Tg). For the evaluation of blood pressure, telemetry system and tail-cuff method were used. Insulin resistance was evaluated by intra-peritoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and intra-peritoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT).The phenotypes of EC-GC-A-Tg were very unique. Systolic blood pressure in EC-GC-A-Tg was significantly lower compared with wild-type mice (WT). In addition, heat weight/body weight ratio and arterial elastance were smaller and lower in EC-GC-A-Tg compared with WT. Synchrotron radiation angiography showed decrease of basal vascular tone in EC-GC-A-Tg and increase in EC-GC-A-KO compared with in each control mice. Basal body weight of WT and EC-GC-A-Tg, flox mice and EC-GC-A-KO were comparable. However, after taking 8 weeks of high-fat diet, increase of body weight of EC-GC-A-Tg was significantly less than WT. On the other hand, EC-GC-A-KO showed more than increase of body weight. IPGTT and IPITT showed improvement of insulin tolerance in EC-GC-A-Tg, and worsen in EC-GC-A-KO compared with in each control mice. Interestingly, Inducible EC-GC-A-Tg showed less increase of body weight accompanied by aging. The body weight of eNOS-Tg was comparable with WT before and after taking 8 weeks of high-fat diet.These data suggest that endothelial ANP/GC-A system can be a therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome."}
{"text": "AbstractSperchontidae Thor, 1900 are reported from China. Two of them are new to science, Sperchon (Sperchon) orbipatella sp.n. and Sperchon (Sperchon) urumqiensis sp. n., and the other three are new to China, i.e., Sperchon  nikkoensis Imamura, 1976, Sperchon (Sperchon) sounkyo Imamura, 1954 and Sperchonopsis (Sperchonopsella) whiteshellensis Conroy, 1991. The first descriptions of the female of Sperchon nikkoensis and the male of Sperchon sounkyo are also given. The subgenus Sperchonopsella Conroy is new to the fauna of China.Five species of water mites of the family  Sperchontidae Thor, 1900 are presently known from all biogeographic regions, except Antarctica, and over 200 species were reported PageBreak orbipatella sp. n. and Sperchon (Sperchon) urumqiensis sp. n., are new to science. The other three taxa, i.e., Sperchon (Sperchon) sounkyo Imamura, 1954, Sperchon  nikkoensis Imamura, 1976 and Sperchonopsis (Sperchonopsella) whiteshellensis Conroy, 1991, are new records for China. The subgenus Sperchonopsella is new to the fauna of China.During checking our collection of water mites from China, five sperchonthid species were found. Two of them, Specimens were collected by Dao-Chao Jin, Jian-Jun Guo, Zhen-Zao Tian, Ai-Ping Cui and Xu Zhang during 1997\u20132010 from China, and preserved in Koenike\u2019s fluid and dissected as described elsewhere e.g. . Terms fA1, A2 = antennal glandularia 1 and 2; ACG = anterior coxal group (CxI + CxII); CxI\u2013CxIV = coxae I\u2013IV; D1\u2013D4 = dorsoglandularia 1\u20134; E1\u2013E4 = epimeroglandularia 1\u20134; L1\u2013L4 = lateroglandularia l\u20134; O1, O2 = ocularia l and 2; PCG = posterior coxal group (CxIII + CxIV); P-I\u2013P-V = palpal segments 1\u20135; V1\u2013V4 = venteroglandularia 1\u20134; I-L-1\u2013I-L-6 = the first leg segments 1\u20136; II-L-1\u2013II-L-6 = the second leg segments 1\u20136; III-L-1\u2013III-L-6 = the third leg segments 1\u20136; IV-L-1\u2013IV-L-6 = the fourth leg segments 1\u20136.All the type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, China (GUGC).All measurements are given in \u00b5m with the mean first, followed by the range in bracket.Sperchontidae Thor, 1900Family PageBreakImamura, 1976http://species-id.net/wiki/Sperchon_nikkoensis19\u00b007'16\"N, 109\u00b004'58\"E), 15 August 2005, coll. Xu Zhang; 1 male and 2 females, Guizhou Province, Leigongshan National Nature Reserve, an unnamed stream , 3 October 2005, coll. Xu Zhang; 2 males and 2 females, Anhui Province, Jinzhai city, Shuanghe country, an unnamed stream , 19 July 2010, coll. Xu Zhang; 1 female, Anhui Province, Anqing city, Mingtangshan scenic area, Hulu River , 20 August 2010, coll. Xu Zhang.2 females, Hainan Province, Bawangling National Nature Reserve, an unnamed stream : Idiosoma flat, 730 (730-768) in length, 583 (583-616) in width, color yellow-brown. Cuticle soft and covered with small flat papillae and fine striations in various form and size . Chelicera total length 352 (352-387), basal segment length 283(283-308), claw length 69 (69-79), basal segment/claw length ratio 4.1 (3.9-4.1). Palp short and thick. Dorsal lengths of the palpal segments: P-I, 35 (35-37); P-II, 114 (114-121); P-III, 48 (48-53); P-IV, 89 (89-98); P-V, 52 (52-59). P-I stout and without seta. P-II thick with a long ventro-distal projection, bearing three setae, one of which nearly at the base of the projection and slightly longer than projection, the other two relatively short located approximately on the middle of projection. Nine seta on the dorsal and lateral side of the P-II. P-III shorter than P-II, with a long and thin ventrodistal seta and three short dorsal setae. P-IV with two greatly enlarged ventral peg-like setae, close to each other.Dorsal lengths of leg I: I-L-1, 39 (39-48); I-L-2, 72 (72-81); I-L-3, 83 (83-97); I-L-4, 137 (137-151); I-L-5, 156 (156-171); I-L-6, 127 (127-141). Dorsal lengths of leg IV: IV-L-1, 88 (88-97); IV-L-2, 95 (95-110); IV-L-3, 129 (129-145); IV-L-4, 237 (237-255); IV-L-5, 220 (220-236); IV-L-6, 192 (192-208). Ambulacrum with two claws. Claws with well protruded claw-blade and two clawets, a long dorsal and a shorter ventral one .PageBreakFemale (n = 3): Similar to male except for the morphology of genital field and the size of idiosoma. Idiosoma 816 (792-857) in length, 688 (643-712) in width. ACG 310 (302-317) in length, PCG 319 (308-336) in length. Distance between anterior end of ACG and posterior end of PCG 606 (587-624). Genital field 234 (226-242) in length, 215 (208-229) in width. Pregenital sclerite crescent-shaped, and more developed than the postgenital sclerite. Infracapitulum length 301 (290-316). Chelicera total length 381 (364-409), basal segment length 308 (293-328), claw length 73 (71-80), basal segment/claw length ratio 4.2 (4.1-4.2). Dorsal lengths of the palpal segments: P-I, 41 (40-47); P-II, 123 (119-128); P-III, 57 (55-62); P-IV, 94 (89-99); P-V, 57 (55-64). Dorsal lengths of the first leg: I-L-1, 54 (52-62); I-L-2, 80 (78-92); I-L-3, 103 (99-116); I-L-4, 157 (149-176); I-L-5, 179 (168-194); I-L-6, 111 (106-120). Dorsal lengths of the fourth leg: IV-L-1, 72 (70-88); IV-L-2, 123 (117-138); IV-L-3, 149 (138-162); IV-L-4, 268 (257-285); IV-L-5, 266 (259-281); IV-L-6, 208 (200-217).Palpisperchon Lundblad, 1941 are known: Sperchon crassipalpis Marshall, 1933, Sperchon distans Scheffler, 1972, Sperchon mirabilis Lundblad, 1941, Sperchon nikkoensis Imamura, 1976 and Sperchon skopetsi Tuzovskij, 1982.At present, only fivespecies of the subgenus PageBreakimens from China show a general conformity with Sperchon  nikkoensis, a species previously known only from the female sex from Japan ; Japan .urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:61043D65-F634-4D8C-9904-01EC2163CC42http://species-id.net/wiki/Sperchon_orbipatella43\u00b040'53\"N, 88\u00b004'59\"E), 18 August 1996, coll. Dao-Chao Jin. Paratypes: 46 males and 59 females, the same data as the holotype.Holotype: Male, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi city, Baiyanggou scenic area, an unnamed stream :Idiosoma oval in outline, 636 (602-783) in length, 533 (510-563) in width. Cuticle yellow-brown, covered with small, various shaped papillae (PageBreak in length. E4 close to anterior margin of CxIII. Distance between anterior end of ACG and posterior end of PCG 387 (364-412). Genital field between PCG with a small and rounded platelet in front. Genital valves not covering the genital acetabula, 170 (157-184) in length, 140 (132-165) in width. Pre- and postgenital sclerites not developed. Three pairs of small and rounded genital acetabula, the second acetabulum near to the third and far away from the first. V1 on very small sclerites and without accompanying glandularia. Excretory pore surrounded by a sclerotized ring and placed anterior to the line of V2 glands.papillae . A1 smoopapillae , Fig. 12PageBreakI-L-4, 144 (126-163); I-L-5, 145 (131-167); I-L-6, 143 (123-159). Dorsal lengths of the fourth leg: IV-L-1, 85 (76-93); IV-L-2, 107 (96-114); IV-L-3, 115 (108-127); IV-L-4, 238 (221-257); IV-L-5, 215 (197-226); IV-L-6, 205 (196-214). Third to fifth segments of leg I-IV with rather short plumose setae in longitudinal rows . Chelicera total length 223 (207-246), basal segment length 165 (155-183), claw length 58 (52-63), basal segment/claw length ratio 2.8 (2.8-3.0). Dorsal lengths of the palpal segments: P-I, 32 (25-34); P-II, 99 (80-107); P-III, 121 (113-134); P-IV, 163 (145-173); P-V, 37 (34-45). P-I short and without seta. P-II with a long ventro-distal projection bearing one thin seta and a thick peg-like seta at the base of the projection, the thick seta almost as long as the projection. Six setae on the dorsal side of the P-II, none of them plumose. The venter margin of P-III without setae, two setae on the dorsal side, one of which almost on middle and another one near to the distal end of the segment. P-IV venter with two subequal peg-like setae, well distanced from each other. Six thin setae on the dorsal side of P-IV, four of them on the terminal end of segment. Dorsal lengths of the first leg: I-L-1, 56 (47-69); I-L-2, 71 (58-86); I-L-3, 78 (62-88); nal rows . Claws wnal rows .Female (n = 3):Similar to male except for the morphology of genital field (PageBreak (163-181) in width. Infracapitulum length 210 (197-242). Chelicera total length 283 (262-307), basal segment length 212 (195-230), claw length 71 (67-77), basal segment/claw length ratio 3.0 (2.9-3.0). Dorsal lengths of the palpal segments: P-I, 37 (32-41); P-II, 122 (113-137); P-III, 155 (140-172); P-IV, 197 (178-217); P-V, 48 (40-54). Dorsal lengths of leg I: I-L-1, 67 (54-73); I-L-2, 100 (87-113); I-L-3, 128 (112-147); I-L-4, 217 (203-246); I-L-5, 197 (184-213); I-L-6, 183 (169-212). Dorsal lengths of leg IV: IV-L-1, 95 (87-106); IV-L-2, 148 (132-167); IV-L-3, 151 (137-173); IV-L-4, 299 (267-315); IV-L-5, 280 (262-301); IV-L-6, 227 (209-246).al field . IdiosomThe species is named after the shape of the three acetabula, \u201corbi-\u201d Latin word, means rounded.Remarks. All the species of the genus Sperchon have three pairs of acetabula, in most cases arranged almost equidistantly, usually the anterior two pairs of acetabula elongated while the posterior pair is somewhat rounded. However, in some species such as Sperchon prosperoides Tuzovskij, 1990 and Sperchon minutiporus Sokolow, 1934, the acetabula are small and rounded, and the second pair shifted near to the third one but far away from the first one.Sperchon prosperoides Tuzovskij, 1990, from Russia, from which it can been distinguished by the morphology of the palp and genital field .Imamura, 1954http://species-id.net/wiki/Sperchon_sounkyo48\u00b048'59\"N, 87\u00b002'01\"E), 14 August 1997, coll. Dao-Chao Jin; 2 males, Shanxi Province, Taibaishan Mountain National Forest Park, Honghuaping area scene, an unnamed stream , 02 September 1997, coll. Dao-Chao Jin; 3 females, Hebei Province, Wulingshan National Nature Reserve, an unnamed stream , 03 April 2002, coll. Jian-Jun Guo; 2 males and 1 female, Guizhou Province, Xishui National Natrue Reserve, an unnamed stream , 02 Jun 2002, coll. Jian-Jun Guo; 10 males and 8 females, Guizhou Province, Kuankuoshui National Natrue Reserve, an unnamed stream , 22 May 2004, coll. Zhen-Zao Tian and Ai-Ping Cui; 11males and 9 females, Guizhou Province, Leigongshan National Nature Reserve, an unnamed stream , 21 May 2005, coll. Xu Zhang.25 males and 36 females, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Altay City, Kanas Lake :Idiosoma oval in outline, 561 (523\u2013635) in length, 396 (374-418) in width. Cuticle yellow-brown, covered with scale-shaped papillae ; IV-L-2, 85 (76-95); IV-L-3, 103 (92-116); IV-L-4, 195 (183-210); IV-L-5, 204 (191-218); IV-L-6, 162 (149-178). Third to fifth segments of leg I-IV with rather short smooth setae in longitudinal rows. Ambulacrum with two claws and each claw with protruded claw-blade and two clawets, a long dorsal and a shorter ventral one . Chelicera total length 204 (194-219), basal segment length 151 (146-160), claw length 53 (48-59), basal segment/claw length ratio 2.8 (2.7-3.0). Dorsal lengths of the palpal segments: P-I, 21 (19-23); P-II, 94 (85-102); P-III, 102 (94-108); P-IV, 97 (92-111); P-V, 24 (22-27). P-I short and without seta. P-II with a long ventro-distal projection, one thin and long seta near to the base of the projection. Four setae on the dorsal and lateral side of the P-II, one of them plumose. The ventral side of P-III nearly straight and without seta, six short smooth setae on the lateral and dorsal side. P-IV with two small peg-like ventral setae and three thin setae, the proximal peg-like seta is larger than the distal one. The dorsal of P-IV with three thin setae, two of them located distally. Dorsal lengths of the first leg: I-L-1, 44 (39-50); I-L-2, 63 (55-71); I-L-3, 68 (59-76); I-L-4, 119 (112-138); I-L-5, 109 (102-123); I-L-6, 105 (97-114). Dorsal lengths of the fourth leg: IV-L-1, 61 :Similar to male except for the morphology of genital field and the size of idiosoma ; Japan .urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:53DAC024-9964-47BA-BA72-B3563069B059http://species-id.net/wiki/Sperchon_urumqiensis43\u00b037'42\"N, 87\u00b057'18\"E), 18 Aug 1996, coll. Dao- Chao Jin. Paratypes: 6 males and 8 females, the same data as the holotype.Holotype: Male, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi city, Baiyanggou scenic area, an unnamed stream :Idiosoma oval in shape, 812 (756-907) in length, 682 (663-712) in width. Cuticle yellow in colour, covered with scale-shaped papillae (papillae . A1 smooPageBreak-58), basal segment/claw length ratio 3.2 (3.1\u20133.2). Dorsal lengths of the palpal segments: P-I, 22 (21-24); P-II, 99 (97-106); P-III, 118 (113-127); P-IV, 171 (165-182); P-V, 37 (34-42). P-I short and with one dorsal seta. P-II with a long ventro-distal projection bearing two thin setae, of which one longer than another. One heavy seta close to the ventrodistal margin of P-II. Seven setae on the dorsal and lateral side of the P-II, none of them plumose. The ventral side of P-III somewhat swelled and without seta, two long smooth setae on the lateral and dorsal side. P-IV slender, much longer than P-III, and with two ventral peg-like setae, of which the proximal one almost at ventral middle of the segment, and the distal one approximately equidistant from proximal one and distal end of the segment. Four thin setae on P- IV, one of them on the median dorsal, two on the dorsal distal and another one on the terminal end of the segment. Dorsal lengths of the first leg: I-L-1, 39 (36-43); I-L-2, 83 (80-90); I-L-3, 98 (90-106); I-L-4, 191 (185-200); I-L-5, 182 (177-193); I-L-6, 179 (174-187). Dorsal lengths of the fourth leg: IV-L-1, 87 (85-94); IV-L-2, 117 (111-128); IV-L-3, 154 (148-168); IV-L-4, 300 (290-317); IV-L-5, 271 (264-285); IV-L-6, 257 (249-266). Third to fifth segments of leg I-IV with rather long plumose setae in longitudinal rows . Chelicera total length 229 (225-237), basal segment length 174 (172-179), claw length 55 :Color, idiosoma shape, and the decorations of cuticle as in the male. Characters of the genital field, the fusion and the size of dorsalia and ventralia different from the male (PageBreak (805-876) in width. ACG 202 (197-212) in length, PCG 301 (295-314) in length. Distance between anterior end of ACG and posterior end of PCG 559 (547-578). Genital field 227 (223-234) in length, 245 (241-253) in width. Pre- and postgenital sclerites well developed than that in the male. Infracapitulum length 255 (250-261). Chelicera total length 317 (311-331), basal segment length 244 (241-253), claw length 73 (70-78), basal segment/claw length ratio 3.3 (3.2-3.4). Dorsal lengths of the palpal segments: P-I, 47 (45-50); P-II, 146 (140-155); P-III, 181 (174-193); P-IV, 274 (263-289); P-V, 45 (42-49). Dorsal lengths of leg I: I-L-1, 70 (64-78); I-L-2, 135 (127-148); I-L-3, 128 (122-137); I-L-4, 256 (243-171); I-L-5, 272 (260-284); I-L-6, 234 (222-247). Dorsal lengths of leg IV: IV-L-1, 115 (119-124); IV-L-2, 156 (148-169); IV-L-3, 230 (219-244); IV-L-4, 379 (366-397); IV-L-5, 363 (351-380); IV-L-6, 322 (311-340).the male , Fig. 42The species is named after the city where it was collected.Sperchon sounkyo Imamura, 1954. From the later species, Sperchon urumqiensis sp. n. can be easily distinguished by the following features: the dorsum and posterior venter with sclerotized muscle attachment plates .Conroy, 1991http://species-id.net/wiki/Sperchonopsis_whiteshellensis48\u00b048'52\"N, 86\u00b057'47\"E), 14 August 1997, coll. Dao-Chao Jin; 24 males and 33 females, Yunnan Province, Tengchong country, Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve, an unnamed stream , 15 July 2002, coll. Jian-Jun Guo.3 males and 6 females, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Altay City, Kanas Lake :Idiosoma oval in outline, 578 (562-675) in length, 418 (410-457) in width. Cuticle yellow-brown in color, and covered with papillae. The eye capsules in some young specimens well developed and somewhat projected over the idiosoma margin ; I-L-2, 43 (42-48); I-L-3, 57 (54-64); I-L-4, 97 (93-108); I-L-5, 87 (84-97); I-L-6, 51 (49-57). Dorsal lengths of the fourth leg: IV-L-1, 70 (67-77); IV-L-2, 68 (62-74); IV-L-3, 88 (85-97); IV-L-4, 168 (160-181); IV-L-5, 169 (158-184); IV-L-6, 152 (148-164). The distal edge of I-IV-L-2\u2013I-IV-L-5 with several thick and plumose setae . Chelicera total length 207 (204-222), claw length 151 (149-162), basal segment length 56 (55-60), basal segment/claw length ratio 2.7 (2.7). Dorsal lengths of palpal segments: P-I, 24 (24-27); P-II, 104 (101-112); P-III, 94 (92-100); P-IV, 96 (93-105); P-V, 33 (32-36). P-I short and without seta. P-II with a long ventro-distal projection bearing one long and one short setae. About four setae on the lateral and dorsal side of P-II andse setae . Ambulacse setae .Female (n = 3): Similar to male except the characteristics of genital field and the size of idiosoma. Idiosoma length 886 (853-936), width 626 (607-645). ACG 200 (194-205) in length, PCG 212 (204-221) in length. Distance between anterior end of ACG and posterior end of PCG 438 (424-452). Genital field 213 (207-217) in length, 170 (167-175) in width. Pregenital sclerite well developed. Infracapitulum length 266 (257-276). Chelicera total length 279 (272-289), basal segment length 193 (189-199), claw length 86 (83-90), basal segment/claw length ratio 2.2 (2.2-2.3). Dorsal lengths of the palpal segments: P-I, 36 (34-40); P-II, 155 (148-162); P-III, 132 (126-140); P-IV, 136 (125-143); P-V, 45 (42-48). Dorsal lengths of the first leg: I-L-1, 73 (66-81); I-L-2, 75 (67-83); I-L-3, 84 (77-93); I-L-4, 122 (114-131); I-L-5, 127 (119-138); I-L-6, 108 (101-117). Dorsal lengths of the fourth leg: IV-L-1, 108 (102-117); IV-L-2, 104 (98-112); IV-L-3, 126 (118-135); IV-L-4, 222 (213-233); IV-L-5, 195 (186-207); IV-L-6, 181 (173-190).Sperchonopsella is a small group with only two known species, Sperchonopsis whiteshellensis Conroy, 1991 and Sperchonopsis nipponicus Uchida, 1934 ; North America"}
{"text": "Journal of Biomedical Science would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 19 (2012).The editors of  Jee-Yin AhnSouth KoreaMohammed Bahey-El-DinEgyptShashi BalaUnited States of AmericaKrishnaswamy BalamuruganIndiaRiyaz BashaUnited States of AmericaKayla BaylessUnited States of AmericaValentina BollatiItalyAnna BreborowiczPolandAlbert BreierSlovakiaChandana BuddhalaUnited States of AmericaPeter CelecSlovakiaChia-Hsin ChanUnited States of AmericaJames Yi-Hsin ChanTaiwanNei-Li ChanTaiwanSamuel H.H. ChanTaiwanAlice Y.W. ChangTaiwanCheng-Fu ChangTaiwanKuo-Wei ChangTaiwanFu-Hsiung ChangTaiwanJer-Wei ChangTaiwanJang-Yang ChangTaiwanMing-Fu ChangTaiwanMing-Shi ChangTaiwanNen-Chung ChangTaiwanTsuchung ChangTaiwanTien-Chun ChangTaiwanChungming ChangTaiwanZee-Fen ChangTaiwanLee-Young ChauTaiwanBen-Kuen ChenTaiwanChia-Hsiang ChenTaiwanChih-Cheng ChenTaiwanChin-Tin ChenTaiwanChao-Long ChenTaiwanChung-Ming ChenTaiwanJun-An ChenTaiwanJin-Jer ChenTaiwanJianbo ChenUnited States of AmericaJin-Chung ChenTaiwanKuen-Feng ChenTaiwanKu-Chung ChenTaiwanShu-Ching ChenTaiwanMinHuey ChenTaiwanRita ChenTaiwanRuey-Hwa ChenTaiwanYaomin ChenUnited States of AmericaYi-Jen ChenTaiwanYi-Rong ChenTaiwanAnn-Li ChengTaiwanJason Chia-Hsien ChengTaiwanTzu-Hurng ChengTaiwanYijuang ChernTaiwanChin-Wen ChiTaiwanYa-Hui ChiTaiwanBor-Luen ChiangTaiwanCheng-Ting ChienTaiwanKuo-Liong ChienTaiwanAlice Chien ChangTaiwanLih-Chu ChiouTaiwanIng-Ming ChiuTaiwanJeng-Jiann ChiuTaiwanYung Hyun ChoiSouth KoreaIl Whan ChoiSouth KoreaChen-Kung ChouTaiwanTz-Chong ChouTaiwanChi-Jen ChuTaiwanLee-Ming ChuangTaiwanShuang-En ChuangTaiwanWan-Long ChuangTaiwanYao-Chung ChuangTaiwanChih-Pin ChuuTaiwanJulie CrockettUnited KingdomZen-Kong DaiTaiwanGiuseppe DamanteItalyPranab Kumar DasNetherlandsHeleen de KoningNetherlandsYoshiharu DeguchiJapanHenri-Jacques DelecluseGermanySharmistha DeyIndiaGilbert DondersBelgiumAnna Dongari-BagtzoglouUnited States of AmericaDipak DubeUnited States of AmericaAbdoelwaheb El GhalbzouriNetherlandsIrina ElovaaraFinlandKang FangTaiwanCharlotte FarinUnited States of AmericaSimon FrickerUnited States of AmericaWen-Mei FuTaiwanZhen FuUnited States of AmericaTeruhiko FujiiJapanMasahiro FujimuroJapanYasuhisa FukuiUnited KingdomManish GandhiUnited States of AmericaWei GeHong KongPo-Wu GeanTaiwanSarah GilbertUnited KingdomWendy GoodmanUnited States of AmericaJih-Hwa GuhTaiwanCheng GuoChinaFiorella GurrieriItalyBert Jan HaijemaNetherlandsKyudong HanUnited States of AmericaMichal HetmanUnited States of AmericaChuang Ye HongTaiwanPei-Wen HsiaoTaiwanChing-Hua HsiehTaiwanPo-Shiuan HsiehTaiwanSen-Yung HsiehTaiwanHsin-Ling HsuTaiwanTsai-Ching HsuTaiwanKuei-Sen HsuTaiwanJohn HsuTaiwanCheng-Po HuTaiwanEagle Yi-Kung HuangTaiwanKun-Lun HuangTaiwanShiu-Feng HuangTaiwanShih-Ming HuangTaiwanTze-Sing HuangTaiwanTur-Fu HuangTaiwanXupei HuangUnited States of AmericaYi-You HuangTaiwanChien-Fu HungUnited States of AmericaHui-chih HungTaiwanWen-Chun HungTaiwanLi-Man HungTaiwanJan-Jong HUNGTaiwanLih-Hwa HwangTaiwanSam HwangUnited States of AmericaSatoru IidaJapanKouichi ItohJapanSteven JacobsonUnited States of AmericaRienk JeeningaNetherlandsChing-Chuan JiangTaiwanYuh-Shan JouTaiwanShyr-Te JuUnited States of AmericaChi-Chang JuanTaiwanYiu Wing KamSingaporeShinji KamadaJapanHong-Yo KangTaiwanKeiko KawamotoJapanUshio KikkawaJapanJaehyup KimUnited States of AmericaSung KimSouth KoreaTakuya KishiJapanShigetaka KitajimaJapanYu Ru KouTaiwanJoost KreijtzNetherlandsJan KrijtCzech RepublicJulia KuliwabaAustraliaJohn KungTaiwanSzu-Hao KungTaiwanChing-Chuan KuoTaiwanYung-Ting KUOTaiwanSheng-Chu KuoTaiwanMichael Ming-Chiao LaiTaiwanScott LangevinUnited States of AmericaRoberto LatiniItalyHyuk-Joon LeeSouth KoreaHsuan-Shu LeeTaiwanTzong-Shyuan LeeTaiwanYann-Jinn LeeTaiwanYi-Hsuan LeeTaiwanGuey-Jen Lee-ChenTaiwanJan LehotskySlovakiaMichael LenardoUnited States of AmericaGiovanni LeviFranceRuey-Ming LiaoTaiwanYung-Feng LiaoTaiwanChing-Ling (Ellen) LienUnited States of AmericaTeng-nan LinTaiwanChing-Yuang LinTaiwanKwang-Huei LinTaiwanShih-Hua LinTaiwanChun Liang LinTaiwanJung-Yaw LinTaiwanShuei-Liong LinTaiwanYa-wen LinTaiwanA. Maan-Yuh LinTaiwanWan-Wan LinTaiwanYu-Hsin LinTaiwanYu-yi LinTaiwanPin LingTaiwanThai-Yen LingTaiwanJun-Yang LiouTaiwanChun-Jen LiuTaiwanFu-Tong LiuUnited States of AmericaKo-Jiunn LiuTaiwanPing-Yen LiuTaiwanShufeng LiuUnited States of AmericaShing-Hwa LiuTaiwanYan LiuUnited States of AmericaYu-Chih LoTaiwanShao-Chun LuTaiwanDa-Wen LuTaiwanSekhar MajumdarIndiaIsao MatsuuraTaiwanYaa-Jyuhn MeirTaiwanShi-Chuen MiawTaiwanSarah MiltonUnited States of AmericaRyo MiyazakiSwitzerlandSusanne ModrowGermanyCl\u00e1udia MouraBrazilRuiling MuUnited States of AmericaDafne M\u00fcllerGermanyTomiyasu MurataJapanTakahiko NakaJapanAkio NakashimaJapanBritto NathanUnited States of AmericaDavid NaylorUnited States of AmericaTadamasa OokaFranceHelen O'SheaIrelandLi-Mei PaiTaiwanChunliu PanUnited States of AmericaTai-Long PanTaiwanHongbo PangUnited States of AmericaJong-Hwei PangTaiwanLuis A PardoGermanyPier Giuseppe PelicciItalyClaudia A. Penafuerte-DiazCanadaRobert PengTaiwanSerguei PopovUnited States of AmericaHoward PrenticeUnited States of AmericaYeong-Shiau PuTaiwanPaul PumpensLatviaStanley RapoportUnited States of AmericaRosemary RedfieldCanadaRei-Cheng YangTaiwanSteve RofflerTaiwanThomas RogersUnited States of AmericaJihane RomanosLebanonHeiner SchaalGermanyWolfgang SchmidtAustriaDavid SchneiderUnited States of AmericaC.-K. James ShenTaiwanWei ShenUnited States of AmericaWen ShenUnited States of AmericaJoen-Rong SheuTaiwanMing-Jyh SheuTaiwanFeng-Shiun ShieTaiwanChi-Chang ShiehTaiwanChiaho ShihTaiwanHsiu-Ming ShihTaiwanShin-Ru ShihTaiwanNoriaki ShimokawaJapanKou-Gi ShyuTaiwanRichard SiegelUnited States of AmericaKwok-Fai SoHong KongKadaba SriprakashAustraliaRobert StackmanUnited States of AmericaAlexander SteinleGermanyChun-Kuei SuTaiwanMing-Jai SuTaiwanHong-Lin SuTaiwanIh-Jen SuTaiwanYeu SuTaiwanDengyun SunUnited States of AmericaYi Henry SunTaiwanYing SunUnited KingdomMan-Sun SyUnited States of AmericaPiotr SzeferPolandMing-Hong TaiTaiwanYou-Lin TainUnited States of AmericaBertrand TanTaiwanTse-Hua TanTaiwanChih-Hsin TangTaiwanChih-Hsin TangTaiwanMing-Jer TangTaiwanRui TaoUnited States of AmericaHongyu TianUnited States of AmericaShih-Feng TsaiTaiwanChien-Sung TsaiTaiwanMeei-Ling TsaurTaiwanChing-Jiunn TsengTaiwanShun-Fen TzengTaiwanTakafumi UchidaJapanRainer G. UlrichGermanyRobert UlrichUnited States of AmericaThijs van MontfortNetherlandsCecilia Vazquez-RovereArgentinaJia-Yi WangTaiwanTian-Li WangUnited States of AmericaFeng-Sheng WangTaiwanJu-Ming WangTaiwanNaoki WatanabeJapanDouglas WattsUnited States of AmericaJenny WeiUnited States of AmericaVincent WongHong KongChin-Chen WuTaiwanGwo-Jang WuTaiwanHua-Lin WuTaiwanHan-Chung WuTaiwanJaw-Ching WuTaiwanJosh WuTaiwanKwan-Dun WuTaiwanKou-Juey WuTaiwanKenneth K. WuTaiwanSheng-Nan WuTaiwanKay LH WuTaiwanChia-Chao WuTaiwanT.-C. WuUnited States of AmericaTing-Feng WuTaiwanYang-Chang WuTaiwanKemin XuUnited States of AmericaBo-Shiun YanTaiwanNorimoto YanagawaUnited States of AmericaCheryl YangTaiwanChuen-Mao YangTaiwanNing-Sun YangTaiwanWei-Shiung YangTaiwanSan-Nan YangTaiwanHung-I YehTaiwanShiou-Hwei YehTaiwanB. Linju YenTaiwanHsueh-Chi Sherry YenTaiwanMao-Hsiung YenTaiwanRuoh-Fang YenTaiwanTzu-Chen YenTaiwanMing YinChinaHon-Kan YipTaiwanTai-Horng YoungTaiwanHsin-Su YuTaiwanMing-Lung YuTaiwanXiaocong YuUnited States of AmericaPawel ZagrodzkiPolandYaxue ZengUnited States of AmericaDekai ZhangUnited States of AmericaMing ZhangUnited States of AmericaMei-Yun ZhangHong KongYongsheng ZhouChinaYong ZhuUnited States of America"}
{"text": "Journal of Biomedical Science would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 20 (2013).The editors of  Sazaly AbuBakarMalaysiaJalal AlizadehIranCresio AlvesBrazilMutsuki AmanoJapanMichael N AntoniouUnited KingdomJoseph AudieUnited States of AmericaAlimohammad BahramiIranYoshio BandoJapanBrian BandyCanadaDebabrata BanerjeeUnited States of AmericaAnna BarsukovaUnited States of AmericaJoyoti BasuIndiaRichard BellUnited States of AmericaTone BergeNorwayBen BerkhoutNetherlandsJacques BertoglioFranceJon BibleUnited KingdomAndrea BoggildCanadaAlexandre M.J.J. BonvinNetherlandsHossein BorghaeiUnited States of AmericaAlbert BreierSlovakiaVincent BurrusCanadaTai-Lung ChaTaiwanJulie Y.H. ChanTaiwanLo Kong ChanHong KongNei-Li ChanTaiwanSamuel H.H. ChanTaiwanYoke-Fun ChanMalaysiaAlice Y.W. ChangTaiwanChawnshang ChangUnited States of AmericaChungming ChangTaiwanI-Shou ChangTaiwanJer-Wei ChangTaiwanMing-Fu ChangTaiwanNan-Shan ChangTaiwanTsuchung ChangTaiwanWen-Chang ChangTaiwanWun-Shaing Wayne ChangTaiwanYu-sun ChangTaiwanFadi CharcharAustraliaAnn ChenTaiwanBen-Kuen ChenTaiwanCheng-Nan ChenTaiwanChia-Hsiang ChenTaiwanChien Hung ChenTaiwanChuan-Mu ChenTaiwanChun-Ming ChenTaiwanEmily ChenUnited States of AmericaHsing I ChenTaiwanHua-Chien ChenTaiwanHuey-Ling ChenTaiwanJaw-Wen ChenTaiwanJin-Chung ChenTaiwanJin-Jer ChenTaiwanJun ChenUnited States of AmericaKuen-Feng ChenTaiwanMei-Ling ChenTaiwanPei-Yu ChenUnited States of AmericaShow-Li ChenTaiwanYa-Wen ChenTaiwanYi-Jen ChenTaiwanNaichen ChengTaiwanYa-Hui ChiTaiwanBor-Luen ChiangTaiwanYung-Hsiao ChiangTaiwanChiang ChienTaiwanSarin ChimnaronkThailandChang-Fang ChiuTaiwanIng-Ming ChiuTaiwanJeng-Jiann ChiuTaiwanChang Hoon ChoUnited States of AmericaPele ChongTaiwanTz-Chong ChouTaiwanYu-Ting ChouTaiwanLu-Ping ChowTaiwanShuang-En 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LiouTaiwanChia-Chyi LiuTaiwanChih-Pin LiuUnited States of AmericaFu-Tong LiuUnited States of AmericaLianxing LiuUnited States of AmericaShing-Hwa LiuTaiwanShufeng LiuUnited States of AmericaYan LiuUnited States of AmericaYi-Wen LiuTaiwanZhenguo LiuUnited States of AmericaHsiu-Jung LoTaiwanSzecheng LoTaiwanChun-Yi LuTaiwanRu-Band LuTaiwanYong LuUnited States of AmericaKerstin LuhnUnited KingdomYongjie MaUnited States of AmericaSuresh MahalingamAustraliaSekhar MajumdarIndiaDaniel MalamudUnited States of AmericaGathsaurie MalavigeSri LankaMark MamulaUnited States of AmericaIsao MatsuuraTaiwanMeei-Ling SheuTaiwanYong MiaoUnited States of AmericaRyo MiyazakiSwitzerlandDave MorganUnited States of AmericaIkuo MoritaJapanDafne M\u00fcllerGermanyMariappan MuthuchamyUnited States of AmericaHironori NakagamiJapanAkio NakashimaJapanChanglong NanUnited States of AmericaPurushottam NaruteUnited States of AmericaBritto NathanUnited States of AmericaYen-Hsuan NiTaiwanBarbara NiemeyerGermanySansanee 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SmithThailandJiangping SongChinaN\u00e9stor SoriaArgentinaJesus Aldudo SotoSpainJames St JohnAustraliaBlair StrangUnited States of AmericaChien-Wei SuTaiwanIh-Jen SuTaiwanJin-Yuan SuTaiwanJun-Han SuUnited States of AmericaMing-Jai SuTaiwanTung-Hung SuTaiwanJau-Ling SuenTaiwanKaoru SugasawaJapanDengyun SunUnited States of AmericaPeifang SunUnited States of AmericaMan-Sun SyUnited States of AmericaRuth TachezyCzech RepublicYou-Lin TainUnited States of AmericaBertrand TanTaiwanTse-Hua TanTaiwanToshihiro TanakaJapanMI-Hua TaoTaiwanRui TaoUnited States of AmericaJulia TchouUnited States of AmericaAthmaram TNIndiaKenneth TsaiUnited States of AmericaKun-Chih Kelvin TsaiTaiwanShaw-Jenq TsaiTaiwanShih-Feng TsaiTaiwanTing-Fen TsaiTaiwanChing-Jiunn TsengTaiwanShun-Fen TzengTaiwanNatsuo UedaJapanArie van der EndeNetherlandsH Rogier van DoornViet NamThomas van GroenFinlandSudhakar VeerankiUnited States of AmericaThirunavukkarasu VelusamyUnited States of AmericaIvan VickersJamaicaCarlijn VoermansNetherlandsTamara VorobjovaEstoniaFeng-Sheng WangTaiwanHsei-Wei WangTaiwanJaw-Yuan WangTaiwanJia-Yi WangTaiwanJu-Ming WangTaiwanJung-Pan WangTaiwanLi-Yu WangTaiwanYi-Ching WangTaiwanNaoki WatanabeJapanHaiming WeiChinaJenny WeiUnited States of AmericaYau-Huei WeiTaiwanXiaoyun WenUnited States of AmericaDavid WilliamsUnited States of AmericaViroj WiwanitkitThailandChih-Shung WongTaiwanBin-Nan WuTaiwanChin-Chen WuTaiwanGwo-Jang WuTaiwanHan-Chung WuTaiwanJen-Leih WuTaiwanJinhua WuUnited States of AmericaJiunn-Jong WuTaiwanKay LH WuTaiwanKou-Juey WuTaiwanMing-Shiang WuTaiwanT.-C. WuUnited States of AmericaYang-Chang WuTaiwanBetty Wu-HsiehTaiwanHongyu XueUnited States of AmericaMunekazu YamakuchiJapanRyo YamamotoJapanSeiya YamayoshiJapanBo-Shiun YanTaiwanYu-Ting YanTaiwanBei-Chang YangTaiwanChang-Hao YangTaiwanChuen-Mao YangTaiwanHung-Chih YangTaiwanJenq-Lin YangTaiwanMuh-Hwa YangTaiwanRong-Sen YangTaiwanWei-Shiung YangTaiwanYun-Liang YangTaiwanMumtaz YaseenUnited States of AmericaSheng YeChinaHung-I YehTaiwanShiou-Hwei YehTaiwanB. Linju YenTaiwanYin-lu DingChinaJunko YoshidaJapanJau-Song YuTaiwanJiashing YuTaiwanChiou-Hwa YuhTaiwanJiangwei ZhangUnited States of AmericaYong ZhangChinaZhenyu ZhangUnited States of America"}
{"text": "A funding organization and grant were incorrectly omitted from the Funding Statement. The Funding Statement should read: \"This work was supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council Direct Allocation grant numbers 10207994-14464-21400-323-01, 10400678-14464-21400-323-01 and 10401287-14464-21400-323-01, the Li Ka Shing Foundation, grant number 2046-14464-21400-N01-01, the University of Hong Kong, grant number 21372567-14464-21400-N01-01, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant number 30900594. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.\""}
{"text": "In this article, the author's affiliation was wrong. The correct affiliation is as follows,Department of Computational Brain Imaging, ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0288, Japane-mail: kyuwanchoi@gmail.com"}
{"text": "Climate Change and PolicyGabriele Gramelsberger, Johann Feichter, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 240 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-17699-9, $159Coping with Global Environmental Change, Disasters and SecurityH.G. Brauch, \u00da. Oswald Spring, C. Mesjasz, J. Grin, P. Kameri-Mbote, B. Chourou, P. Dunay, J. Birkmann, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 1,815 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-17775-0, $399Dealing with Contaminated SitesFrank A. Swartjes, ed.New York:Springer, 2011. 1,114 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-9756-9, $279Environmental Cardiology: Pollution and Heart DiseaseAruni Bhatnagar, ed.New York:Springer, 2011. 390 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84973-005-1. $199.95Global Change: Mankind\u2013Marine Environment InteractionsH.-J. Ceccaldi, I. Dekeyser, M. Girault, G. Stora, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 450 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-8629-7, $179Handbook of Renewable Energy TechnologyAhmed F. Zobaa, Ramesh C. Bansal, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2011. 876 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4289-06-1, $270Human Population: Its Influences on Biological DiversityRichard P. Cincotta, Larry J. Gorenflo, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 242 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-16706-5, $129Implementing the New Biology: Decadal Challenges Linking Food, Energy, and the EnvironmentPaula Tarnapol Whitacre, Adam P. Fagen, Jo L. Husbands, Frances E. Sharples, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 52 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-16194-7, $18.90In Search of Biohappiness: Biodiversity and Food, Health and Livelihood SecurityM.S. SwaminathanHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2011. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4329-32-3, $88Intraseasonal Variability in the Atmosphere\u2013Ocean Climate System, 2nd ed.William K.-M. Lau, Duane E. WaliserNew York:Springer, 2011. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-13913-0, $179Materials for Sustainable EnergyVincent Dusastre, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 360 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4317-64-1, $148Pathways for Getting to Better Water Quality: The Citizen EffectLois Wright Morton, Susan S. Brown, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 273 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4419-7281-1, $129Statistics for Earth and Environmental ScientistsJohn Schuenemeyer, Larry DrewHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. 407 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-58469-9, $110The Economic, Social and Political Elements of Climate ChangeWalter Leal Filho, ed.New York:Springer, 2011. 875 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-14775-3, $279The End of Energy: The Unmaking of America\u2019s Environment, Security, and IndependenceMichael GraetzCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01567-7, $29.95The Energy ProblemRichard S. Stein, Joseph PowersHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2011. 210 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4340-31-1, $38Understanding Knowledge as a Commons: From Theory to PracticeCharlotte Hess, Elinor Ostrom, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 381 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51603-7, $20Urban Airborne Particulate Matter: Origin, Chemistry, Fate and Health ImpactsFathi Zereini, Clare L. S. Wiseman, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 656 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-12277-4, $279"}
{"text": "Since the publication of our Commentary , we notiTrauma Surgery Volume 1: Trauma Management, Trauma Critical Care, Orthopaedic Trauma and Neuro-Trauma. Verlag Italy: Springer; 2014. ISBN 978-88-470-5403-5.1. Di Saverio S, Tugnoli G, Catena F, Catena G, Ansaloni F, Naidoo N: Trauma Surgery Volume 2: Thoracic and Abdominal Trauma. Verlag Italy: Springer; 2014. ISBN 978-88-470-5459-2.2. Di Saverio S, Tugnoli G, Catena F, Catena G, Ansaloni F, Naidoo N:"}
{"text": "Adapting to the Impacts of Climate ChangeAmerica\u2019s Climate Choices: Panel on Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 292 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14591-6, $49.95Advancing the Science of Climate ChangeAmerica\u2019s Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 528 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14588-6, $49.95America\u2019s Food: What You Don\u2019t Know About What You EatHarvey BlattCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51595-5, $18.95Beyond Resource Wars: Scarcity, Environmental Degradation, and International CooperationShlomi Dinar, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01497-7, $50Coming Clean: Information Disclosure and Environmental PerformanceMichael E. Kraft, Mark Stephan, Troy D. AbelCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 264 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01495-3, $50Conservation Refugees: The Hundred-Year Conflict between Global Conservation and Native PeoplesMark DowieCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51600-6, $15.95Encyclopedia of Environmental HealthJerome NriaguSt. Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2011. 5,000 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-52273-3, $1,800Environmental Biotechnology: Theory and ApplicationGareth G. Evans, Judy FurlongWeinheim:Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co., 2010. 290 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-68417-7, $79.95Environmental Inequalities Beyond Borders: Local Perspectives on Global InjusticesJoAnn Carmin, Julian Agyeman, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01551-6, $50Global Catastrophic RisksNick Bostrom, Milan M. Cirkovic, eds.New York:Oxford University Press, 2011. 576 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-960650-4, $25.95Informing an Effective Response to Climate ChangeAmerica\u2019s Climate Choices: Panel on Informing Effective Decisions and Actions Related to Climate ChangeWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 348 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14594-7, $49.95Lead and Public Health, Vol 10Paul MushakSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2011. 650 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-51554-4, $210Limiting the Magnitude of Future Climate ChangeAmerica\u2019s Climate Choices: Panel on Limiting the Magnitude of Future Climate Change; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 276 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14597-8, $49.95Living in Denial: Climate Change, Emotions, and Everyday LifeKari Marie NorgaardCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01544-8, $50Paths to a Green World, 2nd ed.: The Political Economy of the Global EnvironmentJennifer Clapp, Peter DauvergneCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51582-5, $27Review of Closure Plans for the Baseline Incineration Chemical Agent Disposal FacilitiesCommittee to Review and Assess Closure Plans for the Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility and the Chemical Agent Munitions Disposal System; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 106 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15858-9, $28.75Sustainability or Collapse? An Integrated History and Future of People on EarthRobert Costanza, Lisa J. Graumlich, Will Steffen, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2011. 517 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51597-9, $22Water Sustainability A Global PerspectiveJ.A.A. JonesNew York:Oxford University Press, 2011. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4441-0488-2, $59.99"}
{"text": "There was an error in the funding statement that was introduced during the production process. The correct funding statement is: This work is supported by the National Science Council, Taiwan, Republic of China, under grant numbers 95-2314-B-320-009-MY3, 98-2320-B-0.17-001-MY3 and 99-2320-B-017-002 -MY3, by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taiwan, Republic of China, under grant number 98-EC-17-A-19-S2-0111 and by Tzu-Chi University under grant numbers TCIRP 95002-02, TCIRP 98001-01, TCRPP 99020 and TCRPP 100003. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript."}
{"text": "There was an error in the fourth author's name. The correct spelling is Hsiao-Ling Lu. The correct citation is: Tsuei D-J, Lee P-H, Peng H-Y, Lu H-L, Su D-S, et al. (2011) Male Germ Cell-Specific RNA Binding Protein RBMY: A New Oncogene Explaining Male Predominance in Liver Cancer. PLoS ONE 6(11): e26948. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026948"}
{"text": "There is an error in the title of the article. The correct title is:Carbon Nanotube Based 3-D Matrix for Enabling Three-Dimensional Nano-Magneto-Electronics.The correct citation is: Hong J, Stefanescu E, Liang P, Joshi N, Xue S, et al. (2012) Carbon Nanotube Based 3-D Matrix for Enabling Three-Dimensional Nano-Magneto-Electronics. PLoS ONE 7(7): e40554. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040554"}
{"text": "One of the words in the article title was spelled incorrectly. The correct title is: \"Up-Regulation of Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor Facilitates Tumor Progression in Malignant Melanoma.\" The correct citation is: Tsai H-E, Wu J-C, Kung M-L, Liu L-F, Kuo L-H, et al. (2013) Up-Regulation of Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor Facilitates Tumor Progression in Malignant Melanoma. PLoS ONE 8(3): e59345. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059345."}
{"text": "The correct third author name is: Joachim A. F. Oude Vrielink.The correct citation is: Gomez-Benito M, Loayza-Puch F, Oude Vrielink JAF, Odero MD, Agami R (2011) 3\u2032UTR-Mediated Gene Silencing of the Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) Gene. PLoS ONE 6(10): e25449. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025449The correct author contributions are: Conceived and designed the experiments: MG-B RA. Performed the experiments: MG-B FL-P JAFOV. Analyzed the data: MG-B FL-P RA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MDO. Wrote the paper: MG-B RA."}
{"text": "System in-vitro . The appin-vitro . Mean-fiin-vitro  in whichin-vitro . The com"}
{"text": "Aerosol Measurement: Principles, Techniques, and Applications, 3rd ed.Pramod Kulkarni, Paul A. Baron, Klaus Willeke, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2011. 900 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-38741-2, $195Analysis of Chemical Warfare Degradation ProductsKarolin K. Kroening, Renee N. Easter, Douglas D. Richardson, Stuart A. Willison, Joseph A. CarusoHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2011. 160 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-74587-8, $95Applications of Toxicogenomics in Safety Evaluation and Risk AssessmentDarrell R. Boverhof, B. Bhaskar Gollapudi, eds.Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2011. 396 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-44982-0, $115Bringing Ecologists and Economists TogetherT. S\u00f6derqvist, A. Sundbaum, C. Folke, K.-G. M\u00e4ler, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 281 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-9475-9, $129Chemical Biomarkers in Aquatic EcosystemsThomas S. Bianchi, Elizabeth A. CanuelPrinceton, NJ:Princeton University Press, 2011. 392 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4008-3910-0, $95Climate and the OceansGeoffrey K. VallisPrinceton, NJ:Princeton University Press, 2011. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-0-691-14467-2, $80Climate Change JusticeEric A. Posner, David WeisbachPrinceton, NJ:Princeton University Press, 2010. 240 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4008-3440-2, $27.95Emergency Response Management of Offshore Oil Spills: Guidelines for Emergency RespondersNicholas P. Cheremisinoff, Anton DavletshinHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 529 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-92712-0, $175Encyclopedia of Bioterrorism Defense, 2nd ed.Rebecca Katz, Raymond A. Zilinskas, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2011. 688 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-50893-0, $449.95Energy for a Sustainable World: From the Oil Age to a Sun-Powered FutureVincenzo Balzani, Nicola ArmaroliHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2011. 390 pp. ISBN: 978-3-527-32540-5, $45Everyday Environmentalism: Law, Nature, and Individual BehaviorJason J. CzarnezkiWashington, DC:Island Press, 2011. 150 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58576-152-4, $29.95Indoor Air PollutionRobert Maynard, Paul Harrison, Isabella Myers, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2011. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-493-2, $130The Economics of Enough: How to Run the Economy as If the Future MattersDiane CoylePrinceton, NJ:Princeton University Press, 2011. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-0-691-14518-1, $24.95The Rising SeaOrrin Pilkey, Rob YoungWashington, DC:Island Press, 2011. 224 pp. ISBN: 978-1-61091-004-0, $22.95"}
{"text": "Climate Savvy: Adapting Conservation and Resource Management to a Changing WorldLara J. Hansen, Jennifer R. HoffmanWashington, DC:Island Press, 2010. 350 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-686-4, $40Coal and Peat Fires: A Global PerspectiveGlenn B. Stracher, Anupma Prakash, Ellina V. Sokol, eds.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 380 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-52858-2, $259.68Contesting the Future of Nuclear Power: A Critical Global Assessment of Atomic EnergyBenjamin K SovacoolHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2011. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4322-75-1, $60Database Technology for Life Sciences and MedicineClaudia Plant, Christian B\u00f6hm, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 388 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4307-70-3, $108Energy in the 21st Century, 2nd ed.John R. FanchiHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 376 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4322-04-1, $120Evolution of Earth and its Climate: Birth, Life and Death of EarthO.G. Sorokhtin, G.V. Chilingarian and N.O. SorokhtinSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 596 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53757-7, $170Facilitating Climate Change ResponsesPaul C. Stern, Roger E. Kasperson, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 174 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-16032-2, $37.25Modeling the Economics of Greenhouse Gas MitigationK. John Holmes, ed.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 196 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-16235-7, $44Monitoring Climate Change Impacts: Metrics at the Intersection of the Human and Earth SystemsCommittee on Indicators for Understanding Global Climate Change; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 110 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15871-8, $29.25Review of the Proposal for the Gulf Long-Term Follow-Up StudyLynn Goldman, Abigail Mitchell, Margie Patlak, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 30 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-16244-9, $13.50Straight Up: America\u2019s Fiercest Climate Blogger Takes on the Status Quo Media, Politicians, and Clean Energy SolutionsJoseph J. RommWashington, DC:Island Press, 2010. 179 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-716-8, $21.96Unquenchable: America\u2019s Water Crisis and What To Do About ItRobert GlennonWashington, DC:Island Press, 2010. 432 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-816-5, $19.95"}
{"text": "H-indole-2-carboxylate, was evaluated for the in vitro cell growth inhibition on three human tumor cell lines, MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), A375-C5 (melanoma), and NCI-H460 , after a continuous exposure of 48 h, exhibiting very low GI50 values for all the cell lines tested (0.25 to 0.33 \u03bcM). This compound was encapsulated in different nanosized liposome formulations, containing egg lecithin (Egg-PC), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DPPG), DSPC, cholesterol, dihexadecyl phosphate, and DSPE-PEG. Dynamic light scattering measurements showed that nanoliposomes with the encapsulated compound are generally monodisperse and with hydrodynamic diameters lower than 120 nm, good stability and zeta potential values lower than -18 mV. Dialysis experiments allowed to monitor compound diffusion through the lipid membrane, from DPPC/DPPG donor liposomes to NBD-labelled lipid/DPPC/DPPG acceptor liposomes.A potential antitumoral fluorescent indole derivative, methyl 6-methoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1 Fluorescent-labelled lipids N--1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine  (NBD-PE), 2-amino)hexanoyl-1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (NBD-C6-HPC), and 2-amino)dodecanoyl-1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (NBD-C12-HPC) were obtained from Invitrogen .Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (Egg-PC), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DPPG), Ch, and dihexadecyl phosphate (DCP) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich . Distearoyl phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) and distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine-1 mixture in an aqueous buffer solution under vigorous stirring, above the lipid melting transition temperature (ca. 41\u00b0C for DPPC ; DTS: dispersion technology software; Egg-PC: egg yolk phosphatidylcholine; FRET: F\u00f6rster resonance energy transfer; MCF-7: breast adenocarcinoma cell line; NBD-C6-HPC: 2-amino)hexanoyl-1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; NBD-C12-HPC: 2-amino)dodecanoyl-1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; NBD-PE: N--1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine; NCI-H460: non-small cell lung cancer line.A375-C5: melanoma cell line; Ch: cholesterol; DCP: dihexadecyl phosphate; DLS: dynamic light scattering; DPPC: dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine; DPPG: dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol; DSPC: distearoyl phosphatidylcholine; DSPE:PEG: 1,2-distearoyl-The authors declare that they have no competing interests.ASA and EMSC conceived the study, were responsible for the interpretation of results, and drafted the manuscript. ASA carried out the liposome preparation, the DLS and zeta potential measurements and dialysis experiments in liposomes. M-JRPQ and PMF supervised the organic synthesis and compound characterization and participated in the draft of the manuscript. LAVS was responsible for the antitumoral evaluation of the compound. EP supervised the studies of biological activity. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."}
{"text": "After publication of this work , we noteThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.S-YT and C-NC designed research; S-YT, S-FC, M-HC, W-SH, Y-YH, and C-HS performed research; S-YT, S-FC and C-NC analyzed data; and H-CK and C-NC wrote the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."}
{"text": "AbstractPityophthorus Eichhoff, 1864 include more than 300 species worldwide, with maximum diversity in tropical and subtropical regions. To date, approximately 50 species of Pityophthorus have been recorded in Canada, and these species are associated mainly with coniferous trees. Since 1981, no comprehensive study on this difficult taxonomic group has been conducted in Quebec, Canada, most likely due to their limited significance as forest pests. Based on data gathered from five years of field sampling in conifer seed orchards and compiled from various entomological collections, the distribution of Pityophthorus species in Quebec is presented. Approximately 291 new localities were recorded for the Pityophthorus species. Five species-group taxa, namely Pityophthorus puberulus , Pityophthorus pulchellus pulchellus Eichhoff, 1869, Pityophthorus pulicarius , Pityophthorus nitidus Swaine, 1917,and Pityophthorus cariniceps LeConte&Horn, 1876 were the most widespread. In contrast, Pityophthorus consimilis LeConte, 1878, Pityophthorus intextus Swaine, 1917, Pityophthorus dentifrons Blackman, 1922, Pityophthorus ramiperda Swaine, 1917, and Pityophthorus concavus Blackman, 1928 display a notably limited distribution. In addition, the first distribution records of Pityophthorus intextus and Pityophthorus biovalis Blackman, 1922 are furnished, and the subspecies Pityophthorus murrayanae murrayanae Blackman, 1922is reported from Quebec for the second time. Moreover, distribution maps are provided for all Pityophthorus species recorded in the province of Quebec.Twig beetles in the genus PageBreak Pityophthorus Eichhoff, 1864 include approximately 386 species distributed worldwide  was responsible for carrying the spores of Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg and O\u2019Donnell, which is the fungus that causes pitch canker disease . This complex causes thousand cankers disease, which is a serious necrosis of the phloem of walnut trees, Juglans sp., in the United States . The Pityophthorus are closely related to Araptus Eichhoff, 1872 whose species are found mainly in Mexico, Central, and South America . A study of the distribution of Pityophthorus species is highly important, particularly in ecological and biological studies on different species and for further taxonomic revisions of this difficult bark beetle group. This study also provides background information for researchers working with exotic forest insects and for forest managers.The purpose of this article is to update the distribution of all recorded Pityophthorus specimens collected exclusively in the province of Quebec, Canada. Two different sources of data were used: field captures performed between 2008 and 2012 and a survey of public and private entomological collections.This article is based on data obtained from Field collection methods. The field data included in this article were collected over a period of five years (2008\u20132012) from trapping activities conducted in six different seed orchards scattered from west to east over diverse types of landscapes in the province of Quebec  Voss, red spruce, Picea rubens Sargent, and black spruce, Picea mariana Miller, Briton, Sterns & Poggenburg.f Quebec . These strans-pityol (release rate of 0.2\u00a0mg/day). Pityol is an aggregation pheromone component of several Pityophthorus species  traps  equipped with 500-ml Mason\u00ae jars. Each jar was filled with 50 ml of propylene glycol to kill and preserve the trapped insects. The YJB traps were baited with a polyethylene \u201cbubble cap\u201d release device  that contained (\u00b1)  species . The popPityophthorus specimens that may not respond to synthetic pityol alone as an attractant. Twelve-unit Lindgren funnel traps were used to monitor Pityophthorus populations in three of the six previously mentioned seed orchards, namely Verch\u00e8res, Huddersfield and Cleveland . Ethanol is an attractant for large number of bark and ambrosia beetles (Pityophthorus specimens were preserved in 70 \u00a0% ethanol and subsequently mounted and pinned. All of the captured specimens originating from field trapping are preserved in the INRS-Institute Armand-Frappier (INRS-IAF) entomological collection. The species identification was performed according to morphological criteria by using a Discovery V-20 stereomicroscope (Carl Zeiss Canada Ltd.) equipped with an ICc3 video camera. Pictures of the identified and unidentified Pityophthorus species are available at the following web address: www.profs.inrs.ca/cguertin/ZOOKEYS_2013/MENU.htmlA second trapping technique was used to increase the chance of capture of other leveland . The Lin beetles . LindgreThe field data were complemented with information gathered from six public and two private entomological collections. In this article, the following acronyms are used for the public entomological collections:CNC Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada;MRNQ Minist\u00e8re des Ressources Naturelles du Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada;LFRC Natural Resources Canada, Laurentian Forestry Research Center, Ren\u00e9-Martineau Insectarium, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada;ECLU Entomological Collection, Laval University, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada;LEMU Lyman Entomological Collection, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;PageBreakROUM Robert-Ouellet Entomological Collection, Montreal University, Montreal, QC, Canada.The acronyms used for the private entomological collections are the following:CCC Claude Chantal\u2019s Collection, Varennes, QC, CanadaCLC Claire L\u00e9vesque\u2019s Collection, Sherbrooke, QC, CanadaThe following two additional acronyms are also employed in this article:SLWC S.L. Wood entomological collection. Although this collection was not directly examined, some Pityophthorus lautus Eichhoff specimens captured in the province of Quebec are deposited there. Even though the specimens have not been examined, these are included in the article as reliable records that were published by INRS-IAF Entomological collection of the INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada. All specimens collected during the field trapping activities are deposited in this collection.Approximately 50 % of the specimens analyzed in this study belong to MRNQ entomological collection. In general, to capture bark beetle specimens, the \u201cMinist\u00e8re des Ressources naturelles du Qu\u00e9bec\u201d (MRNQ) uses permanent sampling stations dispersed in all representative types of forest ecosystems and landscapes across the province of Quebec.Other conventions and symbols. The distribution record for each of the Pityophthorus species mentioned in this article is displayed using the following sequences: 1. Name of the locality where the specimen was captured. In some cases, instead of the name of the locality, the historic territorial administrative name may appear , because no locality name has been assigned to the sampling area. 2. Name of the Regional County Municipality (RCM) to which the cited locality belongs. Regional County Municipalities have delineated the province of Quebec territory since 1979. Many localities in Quebec that are situated in different geographic areas have received the same name. To avoid any confusion relative to the locality names, the corresponding RCM is included. 3. Date of capture. If the capture date is missing or it is unreadable on the label, a question mark is included. 4. Number of examined specimens and the acronym of the entomological collection to which they belong. These data are included within parentheses and separated by a coma. 5. Name of host tree species, displayed in italics. In some cases, the host tree data are missing.YT-Yukon Territory, NT-Northwest Territories, NU-Nunavut, BC-British Columbia, AB-Alberta, SK-Saskatchewan, MB-Manitoba, ON-Ontario, QC-Quebec, NB-New Brunswick, PE-Prince Edward Island, NS-Nova Scotia, and NF & LB-Newfoundland and Labrador. The distribution records of all Pityophthorus species in Canada are presented PageBreakaccording to Pityophthorus species was mapped by using the ARCGIS and ARCMAP software starting from an EXCEL database, which is available at the following web link: www.profs.inrs.ca/cguertin/ZOOKEYS_2013/MENU.htmlThe five abovementioned sequences are separated by comas. Locality records are separated by semicolons . If a species was recorded many times in the same locality, the various dates of capture are separated by a slash symbol ( / ). For each mentioned species, the distribution data are presented in a manner that previous literature records are separated from the new records to highlight the originality of the article. The general distribution of each species in Canada is presented at the end of each species record. The following abbreviations were used for the provinces and territories: Pityophthorus species have been recorded in the province of Quebec, Canada:To date, the following 17 Eichhoff, 1872http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_lautusAylmer, Communaut\u00e9-Urbaine-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 14-VIII-1920, ; Wakefield, Les Collines-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 11-V-1951, , Rhus typhina; Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montr\u00e9al, ?,  / 2 individuals who supposedly originated from the same samples were found at LEMU and display an unreadable label.Montr\u00e9al, 14-V-1936, ; Mont Saint-Hilaire, La-Vall\u00e9e-du-Richelieu, ?, , Mont Saint-Bruno, La-Vall\u00e9e-du-Richelieu, ?, .NT, ON, QC, NB, NS.http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_pulicariusChelsea, Les Collines-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 20-VI-1917, ; Grand-Remous, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 17-VIII-1978, , Pinus banksiana; Wychwood, Communaut\u00e9-Urbaine-de-l\u2019Outaouais,21-VI-1917, ; Pointe \u00e0 David, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 2-VI-1975, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Louvicourt, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 1-IX-1978, , Pinus banksiana; Moffet, T\u00e9miscamingue, 16-VIII-1978, , Pinus banksiana; Rivi\u00e8re-aux-Rats, Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 14-VII-1978, , Pinus banksiana; Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montr\u00e9al, ?, .Chute-Saint-Philippe, Antoine-Labelle, 22-VIII-1990, , Pinus banksiana / 11-IX-1990, , Pinus banksiana; Chemin du Lac Petawaga, Antoine-Labelle, 3-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; L\u2019Annonciation, Antoine-Labelle, 30-VI-1985, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Landron, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 5-VI-1982, , Pinus banksiana; Baie Mercier, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 16-VIII-1979, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Pageot, Pontiac, 12-VII-1983, , Pinus banksiana; Vinton, Pontiac, 31-V-2011, , Pinus resinosa; Chemin du Lac de l\u2019\u00c9pine, La Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 8-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Quentin, La Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 31-VII-1982, , Pinus banksiana; Mont Saint-Michel, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 6-VII-2011, , Pinus banksiana; Notre-Dame-du-Nord, T\u00e9miscamingue, 16-VII-1985, , Pinus resinosa; Gu\u00e9rin, T\u00e9miscamingue, 31-VI-1982, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Bend, T\u00e9miscamingue, 21-VII-1981, , Pinus sylvestris; Latulipe, T\u00e9miscamingue, 24-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Nodier, T\u00e9miscamingue, 16-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac des Seize, T\u00e9miscamingue, 13-VII-1983, , Pinus banksiana; Saint-Bruno-de-Guigues, T\u00e9miscamingue, 22-VII-2005, , Pinus banksiana; Lac \u00e0 B\u00e9dard, T\u00e9miscamingue, 22-VII-1986, , Pinus banksiana; Cloutier, Rouyn-Noranda, 29-VII-1981, ; Pinus banksiana; Lac Bruy\u00e8re, Rouyn-Noranda, 20-VI-1983, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Lavoie, Rouyn-Noranda, 15-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac McWatters, Rouyn-Noranda, 17-VII-1984, , Pinus banksiana; La Morandi\u00e8re, Abitibi, 13-VII-1984, , Pinus banksiana; Villemontel, Abitibi, 6-VII-1983, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Macamic, Abitibi Ouest, 26-VI-1984, , Pinus banksiana; Saint-Dominique, Abitibi Ouest, 14-VII-2011, , Pinus banksiana; Saint-Georges, Le Centre-de-la-Mauricie, 22-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Antoine-Abb\u00e9, Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, 22-V-2002, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Polycarpe, Vaudreuil-Soulange, 5-VII-2002, , Pinus strobus; Lac Wet, Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 13-VIII-1992, , Pinus banksiana; Lefebvre, Drummond, 28-V-1999, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Rom\u00e9o, Jam\u00e9sie, 20-VI-1981, , Pinus banksiana.SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS.Swaine, 1917http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_nitidusPageBreakTullochgorum, Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, 20-IX-1910, ; Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montreal, ?, ; Saint-Gabriel-de-Rimouski, La Mitis, 8-VII-1970, , Picea glauca.Les \u00c9troits, T\u00e9miscouata, 24-VII-1986, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-\u00c9leuth\u00e8re, T\u00e9miscouata, 2-VIII-1984, , Picea glauca / 1-VIII-1984, , Pinus resinosa / 17-VIII-1989, ; Estcourt, T\u00e9miscouata, 1-VIII-1984, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Nadreau, La C\u00f4te-de-Beaupr\u00e9, 9-VIII-1989, , Picea mariana / 31-VII-1990, , Picea mariana; Saint-Alphonse-de-Caplan, Bonaventure, 8-IX-1989, ; Saint-Elz\u00e9ar, Bonaventure, 27-VI-1984, , Pinus sylvestris; Lac du Cur\u00e9, Bonaventure, 17-VI-1996, ; Rivington, Argenteuil, 1-IX-1992, , Pinus banksiana; Kinnear\u2019s Mills, Les Appalaches, 26-VIII-1993, , Picea glauca / 10-IX-1993, , Picea glauca; Sacr\u00e9-C\u0153ur-de-Marie, Les Appalaches, 5-VIII-1981, , Picea abies; Routhierville, La Matap\u00e9dia, 31-VII-1996, , Picea glauca; Saint-Paul-de-Montminy, Montmagny, 24-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Joseph-de-Ham, Les Sources, 21-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Les \u00c9boulements, Charlevoix, 4-VI-1981, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Hilarion, Charlevoix, 8-VIII-1990, , Pinus strobus; Petite-Rivi\u00e8re-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, Charlevoix, 19-VIII-1985, , Picea abies; Lac Rivard, Maria-Chapdelaine, 20-VII-2011, , Picea mariana; Lac des Trois \u00c9lans, Maria-Chapdelaine, 1-VIII-2001, , Picea mariana; Pointe-Lebel, Manicouagan, 7-VIII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Sainte-Eulalie, Nicolet-Yamaska, 11-IX-1984, , Picea abies; Saint-Thomas-de-Cherbourg, Matane, 9-VIII-1979, , Pinus banksiana; Ruisseau Ernest, Antoine-Labelle, 6-VI-1981, , Pinus strobus; Scotstown, Le Haut-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 26-VIII-1981, , Picea glauca; Saint-F\u00e9lix-d\u2019Otis, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 24-IX-1984, , Pinus resinosa; R\u00e9servoir Baskatong, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 26-VI-1981, , Pinus banksiana; \u00cele d\u2019Anticosti, Minganie, 12-VI-1973, ; Longue-Pointe-de-Mingan, Minganie, 25-VII-1980, ; Sept-\u00celes, Sept-Rivi\u00e8res, 1-VIII-1982, , Picea mariana / 13-VI-1984,  / 8-VI-1985,  / 27-VII-1985,  / 3-VIII-1985, , Picea mariana / 24-V-1986,  / 6-VII-1986,  / 5-VIII-1986,  / 29-V-1987,  / 1-VI-1987,  / 7-VI-1987,  / 9-VII-1987,  / 16-VI-1988,  / 12-VII-1988,  / 2-VI-1990,  / 26-VII-1990,  / 23-VIII-1990,  / 10-VI-1991,  / 17-VII-1991,  / 20-VII-1991,  / 30-VII-1991,  / 6-VIII-1991,  / 9-VIII-1992, .NT, YT, AB, BC, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF&LB.Swaine, 1917http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_intextusSaint-Hilarion, Charlevoix, 8-VIII-1990, , Picea glauca; Lac Fourcet, Antoine-Labelle, 9-VII-1981, , Picea mariana; Saint-H\u00e9rm\u00e9n\u00e9gilde, Coaticook, 5-VII-1985, , Pinus resionsa; Lac PoutrincourtPageBreak, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 25-VII-2007, , Pinus banksiana; Sept-\u00celes, Sept-Rivi\u00e8res, 13-VII-1987,  / 16-VI-1988, .BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF&LB.Eichhoff, 1869http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_pulchellus_pulchellusKazabazua, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 13-XII-1917, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Saint-Jean, Lac Saint-Jean E, ?, , Pinus banksiana; Sainte-Anne-du-Lac (Zec Mitchinam\u00e9cus), Antoine-Labelle, 4-VII-1978, , Pinus banksiana.Jam\u00e9sie, 14-IX-1997, , Picea mariana.Sainte-Fran\u00e7oise, B\u00e9cancour, 18-VI-1986, , Pinus strobus; Colombier (Serres), La Haute-C\u00f4te-Nord, 16-VII-1986, , Pinus resinosa; Les Escoumins, La Haute-C\u00f4te-Nord, 6-VI-1984, ; Saint-Ambroise, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 6-VII-1992, , Pinus strobus; Lac du GrandD\u00e9tour, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 20-VII-2011, , Pinus banksiana; Saint-David-de-Falardeau, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 9-VII-1996, , Pinus resinosa; Sept-\u00celes, Sept-Rivi\u00e8res, 8-VI-1985,  / 16-V-1986,  / 6-VII-1986  / 29-V-1987,  / 17-VI-1987,  / 25-VI-1987,  / 13-VII-1987,  / 12-VI-1988,  / 21-VI-1988,  / 4-VII-1988,  / 19-V-1989,  / 9-VI-1989,  / 27-V-1990,  / 2-VI-1990,  / 26-VII-1990,  / 27-VIII-1990PageBreak,  / 29-V-1991,  / 12-VIII-1991,  / 22-V-1992, ; Lac Saint-Ludger, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 18-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana;Ruisseau du Pont, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 31-VII-1984, , Pinus banksiana; Notre-Dame-du-Rosaire, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 1-VII-1981, , Picea glauca; Lac Fourcet, Antoine-Labelle, 9-VII-1981, , Picea mariana; Chute-Saint-Philippe, Antoine-Labelle, 16-VI-1995, , Pinus banksiana; Landrienne, Abitibi, 15-VII-1987, , Pinus banksiana; Authier Nord, Abitibi Ouest, 13-VII-1979, , Pinus banksiana; La Morandi\u00e8re, Abitibi, 11-VII-1984, , Pinus banksiana; Guyenne Township, Abitibi, 16-VIII-1983, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Castagnier, Abitibi, 9-IX-1986, , Pinus banksiana; Villemontel, Abitibi, 31-VIII-1983, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Dubois, T\u00e9miscamingue, 21-VIII-1986, , Pinus banksiana; Lorainville, T\u00e9miscamigue, 4-VI-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Nodier, T\u00e9miscamingue, 4-VIII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Cloutier,Rouyn-Noranda, 30-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Surimau, Rouyn-Noranda, 11-VIII-1982, , Pinus banksiana; Rapide-Deux, Rouyn-Noranda, 6-VI-1983, , Pinus banksiana;Lac Charles,Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 17-VII-1987, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Wet, Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 13-VIII-1992, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Gosselin, Le Haut-Saint-Maurice, 1-VIII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Louvicourt, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 6-IX-1984, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Tremblay, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 27-VII-2011, , Pinus banksiana; Rivi\u00e8re M\u00e9giscane, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 12-VI-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Faillon, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 16-VI-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Villebon, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 6-VI-1981, , Pinus banksiana / 2-IX-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Fourni\u00e8re, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 4-VIII-1981, , Pinus banksiana / 7-VIII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Prosp\u00e8re, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 22-VIII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Palouse, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 9-VI-1983, , Pinus banksiana; Pointe-Lebel Airport, Manicouagan, 17-VIII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Pistuacanis, Manicouagan, 18-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Rivi\u00e8re Betsiamites, Manicouagan, 5-VIII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Saint-Pierre, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 17-VI-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Saint-F\u00e9licien, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 26-V-2006, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Beemer, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 18-VII-2007, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Mignault, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 15-IX-2005, , Picea sp.; Rivi\u00e8re D\u00e9sert, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 12-VII-1984, , Pinus strobus; Lac Rond, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 22-VI-1983, , Pinus banksiana; Lac des Outaouais, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 18-VIII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Mosher, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 26-VII-1983, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Danford, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 16-VIII-1980, , Pinus banksiana / 13-IX-1983, , Pinus resinosa; Kazabazua, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 13-XII-1971, , Pinus resinosa / 28-V-1984 , Pinus resinosa; Lac Dickson, Pontiac, 16-VII-1992, PageBreak, Pinus banksiana; Lac Nigault, Pontiac, 29-VIII-1994, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Charrette, Pontiac, 5-VIII-1981, , Pinus strobus; Bas-de-l\u2019Anse, Charlevoix-Est, 18-VI-1981, , Pinus sylvestris; Lac Port au Saumon, Charlevoix-Est, 23-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Saint-S\u00e9bastien-de-Frontenac, Le Granit, 16-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Rivaille, Maria-Chapdelaine, 28-VIII-2008, , Pinus banksiana; Bromptonville, Sherbrooke, 31-VII-1981, , Pinus sylvestris; Lac Winsch, Jam\u00e9sie, 12-VIII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Les \u00c9troits, T\u00e9miscouata, 24-VII-1986, , Pinus resinosa.YT, NT, BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB.LeConte & Horn, 1876http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_carinicepsSainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montr\u00e9al, 17-VIII-1910, , Pinus sp.; L\u2019\u00cele Perrot, Vaudreuil-Soulanges, various dates,  / 4 specimens supposedly originating from the same samples were found at LEMU, Pinus sp.; Old Chelsea, Les Collines-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 23-VI-1966, , Pinus strobus; Wychwood, Communaut\u00e9-Urbaine-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 2-VI-1917, , Pinus resinosa.Ways-Mills, Coaticoock, 13-V-1988, , Pinus strobus; Beebe Plain, Memphr\u00e9magog, 5-VI-1989, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Aim\u00e9-des-Lacs, Charlevoix-Est, 26-VI-1992, , Pinus strobus; Shawville, Pontiac, 9-V-2001, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Hickey, Pontiac, 14-V-2007, , Pinus strobus; Lac Prendergast, Pontiac, 25-V-1981, , Pinus strobusPageBreak; Thorne Centre, Pontiac, 26-V-2003, , Pinus resinosa; Baie du Chat, Pontiac, 5-VII-1981, , Pinus strobus; Fort Coulonge, Pontiac, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Lac Cayamant, Pontiac, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Lac Ruthledge, Les Collines-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 18-VII-1981, , Pinus strobus; Sainte-C\u00e9cile-de-Masham, Les Collines-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 31-VII-1972, , Pinus sylvestris; Saint-Charles-de-Mandeville, D\u2019Autray, 13-VII-1981, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Z\u00e9phirin, Nicolet-Yamaska, 29-VI-1981, , Pinus strobus; Les \u00c9boulements, Charlevoix, 4-VI-1981, , Pinus strobus; Camp l\u2019Oasis, Portneuf, 12-VI-1980, , Pinus strobus; Island Brook, Les Haut-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 30-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Cookshire, Le Haut-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 26-IV-2002, , Pinus banksiana; Lemieux, B\u00e9cancour, 27-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; ZecChauvin, La Haute-C\u00f4te-Nord, 13-IV-1983, , Pinus strobus / 8-VI-1983, , Pinus strobus; Mont-Saint-Hilaire, La-Vall\u00e9e-du-Richelieu, 24-V-1916, , Pinus strobus; Oka, Deux-Montagnes, 5-VII-1978, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Amable, Marguerite-D\u2019Youville, 11-V-1999, , Pinus strobus / various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Claude, Le-Val-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Simon-les-Mines, Beauce-Sartigan, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Cap-Tourmente, La C\u00f4te-de-Beaupr\u00e9, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Sept-\u00celes, Sept-Rivi\u00e8res, 8-VI-1985,  / 12-VII-1986,  / 13-VI-1987,  / 10-VII-1987,  / 18-VI-1988,  / 21-VI-1988,  / 4-VII-1988,  / 27-V-1990,  / 29-V-1991,  / 29-VII-1991, ; Lac Ramsay, Les Collines-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 18-V-2009, ; Johnville, Compton, 13-V-1987  / 17-V-1987  / 20-V-1987  / 22-V-1988  / 17-V-1989  / 21-V-1989  / 22-X-1989 .AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS.Blackman, 1922http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_biovalisL\u2019Annonciation, Antoine-Labelle, 20-VII-1992, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Phil\u00e9mon, Bellechasse, 29-V-1981, , Pinus banksiana / 20-VII-1981, , Picea abies; Lac du Port au Saumon, Charlevoix-Est, 23-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Saint-Claude, Le Val-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 20-VII-1992, , Picea glauca / 28-VII-2008, , Pinus strobus / 9-VI-2011, , Pinus strobus; Quatre-Chemins, Les Pays-d\u2019en-Haut, 18-V-1993, , Pinus strobus; Woburn, Le Granit, 9-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Cayamant, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau,15-VII-2009, , Dosquet, Lotbini\u00e8re, 20-V-1972, ; Saguenay, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 6-VIII-1984, , Pinus banksiana.ON, QC, NS.Bright, 1978http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_carinatus_carinatusPageBreakSainte-Anne-du-Lac, Antoine-Labelle, 4-VII-1978, , Pinus strobus.Lac Needham, Pontiac, 12-VII-2001, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Augustin, Maria-Chapdelaine, 28-VIII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Notre-Dame-du-Rosaire, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 26-V-1981, , Picea glauca; Boilleau, Papineau, 29-VII-2004, , Picea mariana; Cookshire, Compton, 23-V-2000, , Pinus resinosa; Johnville, Compton, 24-V-1987,  / 17-V-1987,  / 18-V-1988,  / 21-V-1989  / 11-VI-1989, ; Dosquet, Lotbini\u00e8re, 16-V-1976, ; Lac Cayamant, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau,17-VI-2008, ; Fort-Coulonge, Pontiac, 16-VI-2011, .QC, NB.Blackman, 1922http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_balsameusCap-Saint-Ignace, Montmagny, 26-VIII-1998, , Picea abies / 4-IX-1998, , Picea abies; Ways-Mills, Coaticook, 13-V-1988, , Pinus strobus; Doncaster Township, Les Laurentides, 7-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Phil\u00e9mon, Bellechasse, 29-V-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Armagh, Bellechasse, 16-IX-1979, , Pinus resinosa; Sainte-Marguerite, La Nouvelle-Beauce, 6-VII-1981, , Picea abies; Mitchell TownshipPageBreak, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 26-VI-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Rivi\u00e8re Petit Saguenay, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 25-V-1982, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Ferr\u00e9ol-des-Neiges, La-C\u00f4te-de-Beaupr\u00e9, 3-VII-1990, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Joachim-de-Courval, Drummond, 26-VII-2001, , Picea abies; Saint-Germain-de-Grantham, Drummond, 24-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Sacr\u00e9-C\u0153ur, La Haute-C\u00f4te-Nord, 8-VII-1992, , Pinus banksiana; Notre-Dame-du-Rosaire, Lac Saint-Jean-Est, 26-V-1981, , Picea glauca; Valcartier, La Jacques-Cartier, 3-VIII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Dosquet, Lotbini\u00e8re, 9-VI-1970,  / 28-IV-1984, .NT, ON, QC, NB, NS.Blackman, 1922http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_briscoeiSainte-Anne-du-Lac, Antoine-Labelle, 4-VII-1978, , Pinus strobus.Villette, Coaticook, 18-VII-1985, , Pinus sylvestris; Saint-Hilarion, Charlevoix, 8-VIII-1990, , Picea glauca; Saint-Herm\u00e9n\u00e9gilde, Coaticook, 8-VII-1985, , Pinus resinosa; Poupore, Les Collines-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 30-VI-1992, , Pinus banksiana; Simpson Township, Drummond, 19-VIII-1981, , Picea glauca; Saint-Joachim-de-Courval, Drummond, 20-VII- 2001, , Picea glauca; Island Brook, Le Haut-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 30-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Rawdon Township, Matawinie, 28-VII-1973, , Pinus resinosa; Valcartier, La Jacques-Cartier, 23-VII-1991, , Pinus strobus.ON, QC, NB.Blackman, 1928http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_concavusKazabazua, LaVall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 24-VII-1966, , Pinus banksiana.Cap-Saint-Ignace, Montmagny, 4-IX-1998, , Picea abies / 9.VII.2002, , Picea rubens; Armagh, Bellechasse, 16-IX-1979, , Pinus resinosa; Doncaster Township, Les Laurentides, 7-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa.ON, QC, NB, NS.Swaine, 1917http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_ramiperdaL\u2019\u00cele Perrot, Vaudreuil-Soulanges, 30-VII-1910, , Pinus strobus; Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montr\u00e9al, 11-VIII-1911, , Pinus strobus.Jam\u00e9sie, 15-VI-1997, , Picea mariana.PageBreakPaul-Sauv\u00e9 Park, Deux Montagnes, 27-VII-1982, , Pinus strobus; \u00cele-du-Grand-Calumet, Pontiac, 31-VIII-1983, , Pinus strobus.ON, QC, NS.LeConte, 1878http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_opaculusSainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montr\u00e9al, ?, ; Gasp\u00e9 Co., 2-VIII-1933, , Picea glauca; Hudson, Vaudreuil-Soulanges, 6-V-1910, , Larix sp.Jam\u00e9sie, 15-VI-1997,  and  Picea mariana / 22-VI-1997,  and , Picea mariana / 29-VI-1997,  and , Picea mariana / 6-VII-1997,  and , Picea mariana / 20-VII-1997, , Picea mariana / 3-VIII-1997, , Picea mariana / 10-VIII-1997, , Picea mariana / 24-VIII-1997, , Picea mariana / 7-IX-1997, , Picea mariana / 28-IX-1997,  and , Picea mariana; Lac Duparquet, Abitibi, 12-VI-1994, , Cedrus sp. / 22-VII-1997, ; Lac Labyrinthe, T\u00e9miscamingue, 21-VII-1996, , Abies sp. / 18-VIII-1996, , Cedrus sp. and Abies sp. stand.Lac Hubbard, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 31-VII-2001, , Picea mariana; Lac Ollivon, La Vall\u00e9e-de-l\u2019Or, 12-VIII-2002, , Picea mariana; Gentilly, B\u00e9cancour, 8-VII-2002, , Picea glauca; Petite-Rivi\u00e8re-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, Charlevoix, 19-VIII-1985, , Picea abies; Valcartier, La Jacques-Cartier, 13-VIII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Fort-Coulonge, Pontiac, 25-V-2009,  / 16-VI-2011, , PageBreakPinus strobus / 16-VIII-2011, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Claude, Le-Val-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 7-VII-2011, , Pinus strobus; Sept-\u00celes, Sept-Rivi\u00e8res, 29-V-1987,  / 15-VIII-1987,  / 12-VI-1988,  / 21-VI-1988,  / 2-VI-1990,  / 26-VII-1990,  / 23-VIII-1990,  / 6-VIII-1991,  / 9-VIII-1991,  / 13-VIII-1991, .YK, NT, AB, BC, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF&LB.Blackman, 1922http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_dentifronsGasp\u00e9 Co., 2-VIII-1933, , Picea glauca.Sainte-Eulalie, Nicolet-Yamaska, 11-IX-1984, , Picea sp., Fort- Coulonge, Pontiac, 25-V-2009, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Simon-les-Mines, Beauce-Sartigan, 30-VI-2009, , Pinus strobus.AB, ON, QC, NB, PE, NS, NF&LB.http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_puberulusKazabazua, LaVall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 24-VIII-1966, , Pinus banksiana; Campbell\u2019s Bay, Pontiac, 24-VI-1978, ; Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montr\u00e9al,? , 1910, , Pinus sp. / one specimen supposedly originating from the same samples was found at LEMU; Sainte-Marie-de-Beauce, LaNouvelle-Beauce, ?-VIII-1975, , Pinus banksiana.Saint-Th\u00e9odore, Matawinie, 25-VII-1984, , Pinus resinosa; R\u00e9servoirTaureau, Matawinie, 10-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Baldwin-Mills, Coaticook, 8-VII-1985, , Pinus sylvestris; Sainte-Edwidge, Coaticook, 8-VIII-1990, , Pinus sylvestris; Saint-Herm\u00e9n\u00e9gilde, Coaticook, 8-VII-1985, , Pinus sylvestris; Trois-Lacs, Le Granit, 24-VII-1986, , Pinus resinosa / 29-VII-1987, , Pinus resinosa; Notre-Dame-des-Bois, Le Granit, 8-VIII-1978, , Pinus strobus / 26-VII-1979, , Pinus resinosa; Clinton Township, Le Granit, 4-VI-1981, , Pinus sylvestris; Ch\u00e9n\u00e9ville, Papineau, 5-VIII-1987, , Pinus resinosa; Ripon, Papineau, 8-VII-1992, , Pinus banksiana; Notre-Dame-de-la-Paix, Papineau, 16-VII-1993, , Pinus resinosa; LacQuatre Chemins, Papineau, 1-IX-1983, , Pinus resinosa; Charteris, Pontiac, 24-V-2000, , Pinus sylvestris / 6-VI-2000, , Pinus banksiana; Thorne, Pontiac, 24-V-2000, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Prendergast, Pontiac, 19-VI-1980, , Pinus strobus; Lac de la Ferme, Pontiac, 12-VI-1980, , Pinus resinosa; Vinton, Pontiac, 31-V-2011, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Lacaille, Les Collines-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 30-VIII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Hamilton, Les Collines-de-l\u2019Outaouais, 26-VIII-1983, , Pinus resinosa; Lac de la Grande Fourche, Rivi\u00e8re-du-Loup, 6-VIII-1979, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Pierre-de-Lamy, T\u00e9miscouata, 25-VII-1985, , Pinus resinosa; Cookshire, Le Haut-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 11-VIII-1999, , Pinus strobus / PageBreak23-V-2000, , Pinus resinosa / 30-V-2000, , Pinus resinosa / 14-VI-2011, , Pinus resinosa; Scotstown, Le Haut-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 23-IX-1999, , Pinus sylvestris; Bishopton, Le Haut-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 23-V-2001, , Pinus sylvestris / 30-V-2011, , Pinus resinosa / 24-V-2011, , Pinus resinosa; Waterville, Compton, 17-V-2011, , Pinus resinosa / 24-V-2011 , Pinus resinosa / 7-VI-2011, , Pinus resinosa / 14-VI-2011, , Pinus resinosa; Johnville, Compton, 14-VI-2011, , Pinus resinosa / 27-V-1987  / 21-VI-1987  / 19-VII-1987  / 11-V-1988  / 22-V-1988  / 29-V-1988  / 1-VI-1988  / 6-VII-1988  / 21-V-1989  / 24-V-1989  / 25-VI-1989  / 6-VII-1989  / 9-VII-1989  / 16-VII-1989  / 21-IX-1989 ; Huntingville, Sherbrooke, 14-VI-2011, , Pinus resinosa; Sainte-Marie-de-Blandford, B\u00e9cancour, 29-VI-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Lemieux, B\u00e9cancour, 27-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana; Sainte-S\u00e9raphine, Arthabaska, 5-VIII-1993, , Pinus resinosa; Victoriaville, Arthabaska, 4-X-1978, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Didace, D\u2019Autray, 19-VIII-1978, , Pinus resinosa; Berthierville, D\u2019Autray, 4-IX-1997, , Pinus resinosa / 27-V-1976, , Pinus strobus; Ruisseau Sainte-\u00c9milie, D\u2019Autray, 19-VIII-1979, , Pinus resinosa; Bromptonville, Le Val-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 31-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Adelphe, M\u00e9kinac, 30-VII-1986, , Pinus resinosa; Lac \u00c9clair\u00e9, M\u00e9kinac, 30-VII-1980, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Pierre-Montmagny, Montmagny, 7-VIII-1979, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Morigeau, Montmagny, 31-VII-2000, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-David-de-Falardeau, Le Fjord-du-Saguenay, 8-VII-2000, , Pinus resinosaPageBreak; Ferland-et-Boilleau, Fjord-du-Saguenay, 18-VII-1988, , Pinus banksiana / 11-VII-2011, , Pinus banksiana; Mont Saint-Hilaire, La Vall\u00e9e-du-Richelieu, 4-VI-2011, ; ParcdelaMauricie, Le Centre-de-la-Mauricie, 5-VI-2000, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Basile, Portneuf, 13-VII-2011, , Pinus banksiana; Sainte-Luce, La Mitis, 1-VI-1987, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-\u00c9lie-d\u2019Orford, Sherbrooke, 22-VIII-1978, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Z\u00e9phirin-de-Courval, Nicolet-Yamaska, 15-VI-1982, , Pinus resinosa; Valcartier, La Jacques- Cartier, 3-VIII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Beemer, Le Domaine-du-Roy, 18-VII-2007, , Pinus banksiana; Shenley Township, Beauce-Sartigan, 2-VII-1981, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Chr\u00e9tien, Charlevoix-Est, 31-VIII-1984, , Pinus banksiana; Baie-Trinit\u00e9, Manicouagan, 10-VI-1987, , Pinus banksiana / 31-V-1999, , Pinus resinosa / 1-VI-1999, , Pinus resinosa; L\u2019Annonciation, Antoine-Labelle, 28-VII-1988, , Pinus resinosa; Saint-Patrice-de-Beaurivage, Lotbini\u00e8re, 30-VIII-1989, , Pinus resinosa; Landrienne, Abitibi, 15-VII-1987, , Pinus banksiana; Saint-Dominique, Abitibi Ouest, 14-VII-2011 , Pinus banksiana; Lachenaie, Les Moulins, 5-VI-2000, ; Saint-Amable, Marguerite D\u2019Youville, various dates in the period 2008\u20132012, , Pinus strobus / 25-V-2000, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Claude, Le Val-Saint-Fran\u00e7ois, 31-VII-1981, , Pinus sylvestris / 31-V-1985, , Pinus resinosa / various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Fort-Coulonge, Pontiac, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus/ 4-VII-2007, , Pinus resinosa; Lac Cayamant, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Saint-Simon-les-Mines, Beauce-Sartigan, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Cap-Tourmente, La C\u00f4te-de-Beaupr\u00e9, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus strobus; Saint-\u00c9tienne, L\u00e9vis, 2-VI-1981,  / 10-VI-1983, ; Les Escoumins, La Haute-C\u00f4te-Nord, 18-VI-1984, .ON, QC, NB, NS.LeConte, 1878http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_consimilisSainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Montr\u00e9al, ?, ; Gasp\u00e9 Co., 15-VIII-1934, , Picea glauca; Kazabazua, La Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, 13-VII-1967, , Pinus banksiana; Sainte-Julienne (Kelly\u2019s Camp), Montcalm, 17- VII-1939, , Picea glauca; Lac Mud, Papineau, 24-X-1967, .Cloutier, Rouyn-Noranda, 30-VII-1981, , Pinus banksiana.AB, BC, MB, SK, ON, QC, NS.Blackman, 1922http://species-id.net/wiki/Pityophthorus_murrayanae_murrayanaeLac Duparquet, Abitibi, 19-VI-1994, ; Jam\u00e9sie, 15-VI-1997, , Picea mariana / 29-VI-1997, , Picea mariana / 13-VII-1997, , Picea mariana / 27-VII-1997, , Picea mariana / 6-VIII-1997, , Picea mariana / 28-IX-1997, , Picea mariana.Fort-Coulonge, Pontiac, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Cayamant, La-Vall\u00e9e-de-la-Gatineau, various dates in the period 2008-2012, , Pinus banksiana; Lac Villebois, Jam\u00e9sie, 14-IX-2006, , Pinus banksiana.NT, AB, BC, MB, ON, QC, NB.Pityophthorus originating from nine entomological collections were analyzed. A total of 291 new localities in Quebec, Canada were recorded for the 17 identified species. The most widespread species in the province of Quebec is Pityophthorus\u00a0puberulus with 72 records, followed by Pityophthorus\u00a0pulchellus\u00a0pulchellus with 62 records, then by P.\u00a0pulicarius with 40 records, Pityophthorus\u00a0nitidus with 34 records, and Pityophthorus\u00a0cariniceps with 33 records.A total of 21\u00a0690 specimens of Pityophthorus puberulus displays a typical northeastern distribution in North America. This twig beetle breeds in various species of Pinus, as well as Abies and Picea  that could not be assigned to any known Pityophthorus fauna recorded in Canada is found in Province of Quebec.1. More than 30 % (17 species) of the Pityophthorus species in Quebec may be biased by the locations of our permanent sampling stations, which were positioned exclusively in conifer seed orchards and predominantly along the primary river valleys and major roads. The greatest number of distribution points is concentrated along the Saint-Lawrence River and Gatineau Valley. The actual positions of the permanent sampling stations in Quebec are principally connected with the timber industry. Future sampling campaigns should be organized above 51\u00b0N to obtain a more realistic overview of the distribution of Pityophthorus in Quebec.2. In general, the our reported distributions of all Pityophthorus species. Further studies will be needed to increase the knowledge on the fauna and taxonomy of this twig beetle group in Quebec, Canada.3. Diverse types of forest ecosystems, as well as the north-south temperature gradient may potentially shelter more than 17"}
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{"text": "In haploidentical-SCT male-patients with female-donors have better prognosis compared to female-to-male-combinations due to Y-encoded minor-histocompatibility-antigens recognised by female-allo-immune effector-lymphocytes in the context of a graft-versus-leukaemia-(GvL)-effect. We provide data in a dog-model that the minor-histocompatibility-antigen UTY might be a promising target to further improve GvL-immune-reactions after allogeneic-SCT.In vitro: Autologous-cDCs were generated with best of three DC-methods . Generation cUTY-specific-CTLs: CD3+ T-cells were co-cultured with autologous-mature cDCs+hUTY-peptides . Cytotoxicity and antigen-specificity were determined by [51Cr]-release- and cIFN-g-ELISPOT-assays. Cells were quantified day 0 and of harvest using anti-cmAbs/hmAbs (FACS), UTY-mRNA-expression via RT-PCR-analysis. In vivo: A female-dog was immunised with PBMCs from a DLA-identical-male-dog (day 0 and 14). PB-derived T-cells were harvested 35 days post 2nd-injection followed by analysing UTY-specific-reactivity.Canine (c) purebred-beagle-dogs\u2019 PB and BM were studied. T2-cells  were used. These human-(h)-UTY-sequence-derived HLA-A2-binding-peptides were investigated: W248 (WMHHNMDLV), T368 (TLAARIKFL), K1234 (KLFEMIKYC). in vitro using autologous-DCs loaded with three HLA-A2-restricted UTY-derived-peptides (\u22642.9-fold-expansion) and specific T-cell-responses were determined in 3/6 female-dogs. CTLs specifically recognised/lysed autologous-female peptide-loaded-DCs /\u226447.9%), but not naive autologous-female-DCs and -monocytes (p\u22640.026). They mainly recognized BM and to a lower extent DCs, monocytes, PBMCs and B-cells from DLA-identical-male-littermates and peptide-loaded T2-cells in an MHC-I-restricted manner (up to p\u2264 0.046). UTY-mRNA was only expressed in male-cells. A UTY-/male-specific-reactivity was also obtained in vivo after stimulation of a female-dog with DLA-identical-male-PBMCs.Female cUTY-specific-CTLs were stimulated We demonstrated natural UTY-processing/presentation in dogs. Female-dog-CTLs were specifically stimulated by HLA-A2-restricted-UTY-peptides, thereby enabling recognition of DLA-identical-male-cells, mainly BM-cells. These observations suggest UTY as a promising candidate-antigen to improve GvL-reactions in the course of immunotherapy. Next-generation-sequencing and specialised-bioinformatics-algorithms are now focus for human-individualised-leukaemia-treatment ."}
{"text": "In bral basis -8. It haal basis -8. The dal basis -8. Furthal basis -8. The tal basis -13 and tal basis . Furtheral basis -19. Althal basis -27."}
{"text": "Glossina species, hindering establishment of a universal vector control tool. Availability of full genome sequences of five Glossina species offers an opportunity to compare their chemosensory repertoire and enhance our understanding of their biology in relation to chemosensation. Here, we identified and annotated the major chemosensory gene families in Glossina. We identified a total of 118, 115, 124, and 123 chemosensory genes in Glossina austeni, G. brevipalpis, G. f. fuscipes, G. pallidipes, respectively, relative to 127 reported in G. m. morsitans. Our results show that tsetse fly genomes have fewer chemosensory genes when compared to other dipterans such as Musca domestica (n>393), Drosophila melanogaster (n = 246) and Anopheles gambiae (n>247). We also found that Glossina chemosensory genes are dispersed across distantly located scaffolds in their respective genomes, in contrast to other insects like D. melanogaster whose genes occur in clusters. Further, Glossina appears to be devoid of sugar receptors and to have expanded CO2 associated receptors, potentially reflecting Glossina's obligate hematophagy and the need to detect hosts that may be out of sight. We also identified, in all species, homologs of Ir84a; a Drosophila-specific ionotropic receptor that promotes male courtship suggesting that this is a conserved trait in tsetse flies. Notably, our selection analysis revealed that a total of four gene loci  were under positive selection, which confers fitness advantage to species. These findings provide a platform for studies to further define the language of communication of tsetse with their environment, and influence development of novel approaches for control.For decades, odour-baited traps have been used for control of tsetse flies , vectors of African trypanosomes. However, differential responses to known attractants have been reported in different  Chemical sensing is crucial to survival of tsetse flies; the sole cyclical vectors of African trypanosomes that cause the neglected zoonotic tropical disease sleeping sickness in humans. For many years, vector control has been used to mitigate trypanosome infections among rural populations of sub-Saharan Africa. Nevertheless, development of an all-inclusive strategy to control tsetse flies using odour-baited traps has been limited by disparate responses to the odors exhibited by various tsetse species. In this study, proteins that are putatively involved in chemical sensing were identified and compared among five tsetse species and their close relatives with an aim of enhancing our knowledge on tsetse olfaction. Our findings suggest that the chemosensory genes are conserved across tsetse fly species despite their documented differential responses in odours. We found no species-specific sequence variations among the five species to suggest that differential response to odours is due to loss or gain of genes. It could therefore be hypothesized that the observed differences emerge during the downstream processing of odour molecules involving post translational modification of the chemosensory proteins. We thus recommend functional studies on the identified proteins to determine their roles and molecular interactions. Glossina spp.) are the sole cyclical vectors of African trypanosomes that cause the devastating Human African Trypanosomiasis  and Animal African Trypanosomiasis  across sub-Saharan Africa [Tsetse flies  Classic OBPs that harbor six highly conserved cysteines and three disulphide bridges, (ii) Classic-Dimer OBPs that have two of the six-cysteine signatures, (iii) Minus-C OBPs which have lost two conserved cysteine residues and (iv) Plus-C OBPs which have additional conserved cysteine residues and a conserved proline [Drosophila [G. m. morsitans [Drosophila [The OBPs and CSPs that recognize and solubilize hydrophobic odor molecules, shuttling them to the dendritic membrane ,20, are  proline . On the  proline . The latosophila . Expressorsitans ,25. A thorsitans . An earlosophila .G. m. morsitans relative to D. melanogaster genome, but with an expansion of a gene critical role in recognition of male the pheromone, cis-vaccenyl acetate (cVA) (OR67d) [D. melanogaster and other Diptera [G. m. morsitans, probably due to the hematophagous feeding behavior of the insect [Insect ORs are highly diverse and are characterized by a reversed N-terminal topology and presence of a seven trans-membrane domain . Specifi (OR67d) . Insect  (OR67d) ,32. Fewe Diptera . No recee insect .Glossina species to date. Insect chemosensory genes are divergent and evolve through duplication, pseudogenisation and/or deletion incidences [Drosophila [Another class of divergent insect chemosensory receptors is the ionotropic receptors; IRs ,34. The cidences . Functiocidences  and Drososophila . Positivosophila . On the osophila .Glossina genomes presents fortuity for comparing molecular properties of proteins that mediate olfaction at species level. Recent characterization of major chemosensory protein gene families (OBPs and CSPs) [G. m. morsitans [G. m. morsitans and close dipterans . The choice of insects used in comparative analysis was informed by their evolutionary grouping under tree of life [Understanding molecular factors that underpin the differences observed among species of tsetse, in response to odours is key to success of vector control and management of this vector-borne disease. Availability of the complete genome sequences of five nd CSPs) ,25 and iorsitans ,42 forme of life . ResultsG. austeni, G. brevipalpis, G. f. fuscipes and G. pallidipes, their associated gene sets  and gene loci feature files were retrieved from VectorBase database, Release VB-2014-12 [D. melanogaster, An. gambiae, and M. domestica were sourced from FlyBase [C. capitata were obtained from GenBank [e-5 was used to identify homologs to chemosensory genes annotated in G. m. morsitans [D. melanogaster [Genome sequences of -2014-12 . Chemose FlyBase , Uniprot FlyBase , and [47 GenBank  using th GenBank . BLASTp orsitans ,31 and/onogaster . Presencnogaster . Where anogaster . For curnogaster . ResultsGlossina genes were renamed after their closest Drosophila homologs for easier comparison. Abbreviations  of the species names were used as prefixes to the specific gene name to identify them. The G. m. morsitans OBPs without homologs in D. melanogaster were named as described by Liu and colleagues [The identified lleagues .D. melanogaster and An. gambiae were used as out groups.Multiple sequence alignments for each class of the chemosensory genes were generated using MUSCLE v3.6  with defGlossina orthologs was done using Prank v 140603 [dN/dS) in codeml in PAML package v4 [p-value was calculated to test for significance of selection. A p-value < = 0.05 was used to consider a gene to be under positive selection. Similarly, selection analysis was carried out using HyPhy package [p-value < = 0.05 was implemented to estimate the rate of false positives (type I error) in which neutrally evolving sites may be erroneously reported to be under selection.Codon alignment of v 140603  and theiv 140603 . Signatuckage v4 . Three s package . In this package  and PARR package  were useGlossina spp. annotated chemosensory proteins and those used in comparative analysis. Glossina ids were retrieved from Vectrobase alongside those of Anopheles gambiae and Musca domestica. Uniprot accession ids are provided for Drosophila melanogaster while those of Ceratitis capitata are from Genebank.Accession numbers of Glossina austeniGAUT003576-PA,GAUT045923-PA,GAUT045912-PA,GAUT045925-PA,GAUT045144-PA,GAUT048147-PA,GAUT018078-PA,GAUT030435-PA,GAUT041055-PA,GAUT039149-PA,GAUT028974-PA,GAUT051622-PA,GAUT040992-PA,GAUT029308-PA,GAUT028968-PA,GAUT026721-PA,GAUT019500-PA,GAUT029664-PA,GAUT019501-PA,GAUT019501-PA,GAUT030010-PA,GAUT030009-PA,GAUT030008-PA,GAUT044447-PA,GAUT043978-PA,GAUT051640-PA,GAUT051645-PA,GAUT051620-PAGlossina brevipalpisGBRI030526-PA,GBRI036202-PA,GBRI035551-PA,GBRI035552-PA,GBRI035549-PA,GBRI010734-PA,GBRI012886-PA,GBRI045128-PA,GBRI026688-PA,GBRI016471-PA,GBRI016436-PA,GBRI010929-PA,GBRI040269-PA,GBRI036199-PA,GBRI041963-PA,GBRI013864-PA,GBRI031755-PA,GBRI031753-PA,GBRI031754-PA,GBRI031756-PA,GBRI031703-PA,GBRI031705-PA,GBRI031704-PA,GBRI023685-PA,GBRI009351-PA,GBRI012898-PA,GBRI012882-PAGlossina fuscipes fuscipesGFUI025618-PA,GFUI007906-PA,GFUI000760-PA,GFUI000759-PA,GFUI000757-PA,GFUI048313-PA,GFUI004675-PA,GFUI008988-PA,GFUI008564-PA,GFUI009068-PA,GFUI007894-PA,GFUI026749-PA,GFUI040667-PA,GFUI048612-PA,GFUI048613-PA,GFUI048614-PA,GFUI049167-PA,GFUI004156-PA,GFUI004155-PA,GFUI027466-PA,GFUI045274-PA,GFUI035804-PA,GFUI035776-PAGlossina morsitans morsitansGMOY008038-PA,GMOY009475-PA,GMOY001927-PA,GMOY005386-PA,GMOY004772-PA,GMOY010761-PA,GMOY001365-PA,GMOY003305-PA,GMOY009271-PA,GMOY006265-PA,GMOY011399-PA,GMOY006479-PA,GMOY006480-PA,GMOY005796-PA,GMOY005084-PA,GMOY010839-PA,GMOY003312-PA,GMOY004392-PA,GMOY007472-PA,GMOY005479-PA,GMOY012018-RB,GMOY012323-PA,GMOY012193-PA,GMOY012195-PA,GMOY012218-PA,GMOY012239-PA,GMOY012253-PA,GMOY012276-PA,GMOY012356-PA,GMOY012357-PA,GMOY005610-PAGlossina pallidipesGPAI017685-PA,GPAI006440-PA,GPAI032191-PA,GPAI032193-PA,GPAI032197-PA,GPAI018668-PA,GPAI045033-PA,GPAI017770-PA,GPAI004501-PA,GPAI008752-PA,GPAI008777-PA,GPAI018009-PA,GPAI008860-PA,GPAI009631-PA,GPAI013560-PA,GPAI013557-PA,GPAI013558-PA,GPAI013555-PA,GPAI031702-PA,GPAI031704-PA,GPAI031703-PA,GPAI005408-PA,GPAI041909-PA,GPAI045017-PA,GPAI045022-PA,GPAI045024-PAD. melanogasterO02372,Q27377,P54192,Q9V8Y9,Q9V8Y2,Q8MMF9,P54193,Q9VAJ4,Q9VAI6,Q8SY61,Q9V931,Q23970,Q9VR94,P54195,Q8MKJ4,Q9V938,P54194,P54191,P54185,Q8MKK0,A1ZBQ4,Q9W372,Q9VR95,Q9VNL2,Q7JVM1,Q9VAI7,Q7KE33,Q9VWM0,Q7KE32,Q7K084,Q9VR96,D1FYT3,Q4V3N1,Q7K088,Q8MVX6,D1FYH5,Q9VNL1,A1Z8I9,A1Z8E4,A1ZBP9,Q9VHQ9,A1ZBQ3,A1ZBP7,Q9W209,A1Z9Q5,A1Z9Q6,Q7KUQ3,Q86BF9,A1Z9Q2,Q9VDE1,A1Z8E3,A1Z9Q4,Q8T6R8,E2DBU7,E2DCD5,A9QK61M. domesticaMDOA007276-PA,MDOA004728-PA,MDOA013142-PA,MDOA009850-PA,MDOA014153-PA,MDOA012315-PB,MDOA007587-PA,MDOA000539-PA,MDOA009520-PA,MDOA000889-PA,MDOA012315-PA,MDOA010320-PA,MDOA006902-PA,MDOA005410-PA,MDOA012373-PA,MDOA013526-PA,MDOA013340-PA,MDOA011898-PA,MDOA012293-PA,MDOA005617-PA,MDOA014993-PA,MDOA002810-PA,MDOA009465-PA,MDOA003634-PA,MDOA011594-PA,MDOA004718-PA,MDOA005255-PA,MDOA012958-PA,MDOA012814-PA,MDOA008946-PA,MDOA008603-PA,MDOA008774-PA,MDOA003332-PA,MDOA003832-PA,MDOA001753-PA,MDOA003303-PA,MDOA010146-PA,MDOA011279-PA,MDOA015523-PA,MDOA011147-PA,MDOA011314-PA,MDOA003913-PA,MDOA012317-PA,MDOA005286-PA,MDOA013466-PA,MDOA003735-PA,MDOA012772-PA,MDOA008740-PA,MDOA000714-PA,MDOA002286-PA,MDOA013644-PA,MDOA000734-PA,MDOA002802-PA,MDOA009637-PA,MDOA013698-PA,MDOA004040-PA,MDOA007337-PA,MDOA010340-PA,MDOA001064-PA,MDOA003787-PA,MDOA014452-PA,MDOA010806-PA,MDOA004094-PA,MDOA004456-PA,MDOA008804-PA,MDOA003429-PA,MDOA003694-PA,MDOA004433-PA,MDOA001399-PA,MDOA002259-PA,MDOA009815-PA,MDOA004406-PA,MDOA003400-PA,MDOA004070-PA,MDOA014188-PD,MDOA014188-PG,MDOA004116-PA,MDOA001908-PACeratitis capitataXM_004521128.1,XM_004524969.1,XM_004524970.1,XM_004524978.1,XM_00425083.1,XM_004254959.1,XM_004517746.1,XM_004518409.1,XM_004523388.1,XM_004523387.1,XM_004529312.1,XM_0045211129.1,XM_004521127.1Glossina austeniGAUT014421-PA, GAUT038415-PA,GAUT027332-PA,GAUT027343-PA,GAUT046063-PAGlossina brevipalpisGBRI045129-PA, GBRI011414-PA,GBRI020682-PA,GBRI020713-PAGlossina fuscipes fuscipesGFUI014924-PA, GFUI040903-PA,GFUI003186-PA,GFUI003196-PA,GFUI039843-PAGlossina morsitans morsitansGMOY010026-PA, GMOY010882-PA,GMOY012164-PA,GMOY010874-PA,GMOY009731-PAGlossina pallidipesGPAI012674-PA, GPAI011776-PA,GPAI029774-PA,GPAI029784-PA,GPAI031814-PADrosophila melanogasterQ8MLP9, Q9W0X2, D5A7M1, Q27377Musca domesticaMDOA006615-PA, MDOA008546-PA, MDOA001428-PA,MDOA000806-PA,MDOA008937-PAAn.gambaieAGAP008058-PA, AGAP008055-PA, AGAP008059-PA,AGAP008062-PA,AGAP008052-PA,AGAP008051-PA,AGAP008054-PAGlossina austeniGAUT049266-PA, GAUT008732-PAGlossina breviplapisGBRI029848-PA, GBRI009197-PAGlossina fuscipes fuscipesGFUI000887-PA, GFUI009502-PAGlossina morsitans morsitansGMOY002994-PA, GMOY006180-PAD. melanogasterQ9VDD3, E1JI63M. domesticaMDOA006272-PB,MDOA006435-PAAn.gambaiehttp://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/E1JI63AGAP002451-PA,AGAP005716-PAGlossina austeniGAUT050702-PA,GAUT041339-PA,GAUT018372-PA,GAUT018371-PA,GAUT037007-PA,GAUT018378-PA,GAUT030746-PA,GAUT018082-PA,GAUT016799-PA,GAUT032734-PA,GAUT042077-PA,GAUT025297-PA,GAUT018813-PAGlossina brevipalpisGBRI008315-PA,GBRI004163-PA,GBRI016968-PA,GBRI016977-PA,GBRI039848-PA,GBRI043822-PA,GBRI043906-PA,GBRI014933-PAGlossina fuscipes fuscipesGFUI005702-PA,GFUI034303-PA,GFUI041369-PA,GFUI018032-PA,GFUI027606-PA,GFUI026404-PA,GFUI051944-PA,GFUI022205-PA,GFUI025370-PA,GFUI036605-PA,GFUI041074-PAGlossina morsitans morsitansGMOY008001-PA,GMOY003231-PA,GMOY004207-PA,GMOY007472-PA,GMOY011615-PA,GMOY006209-PA,GMOY011510-PA,GMOY011903-PA,GMOY005361-PAGlossina pallidipesGPAI014620-PA,GPAI045887-PA,GPAI035388-PA,GPAI037163-PA,GPAI019874-PA,GPAI039461-PA,GPAI004494-PA,GPAI040289-PA,GPAI040385-PA,GPAI007341-PA,GPAI024994-PA,GPAI040381-PA,GPAI043562-PAD. melanogasterQ9W497,Q9VSH2,P83293,Q9W367,P58950,P58952,P58953,P58954,Q9V4K2,P58962,P83295,Q9VZJ6,P83297,Q9W0M2,Q9VD76,P83296,Q9VTN0,Q9VYZ2,P84181,Q8IRL8,Q9VJF2,Q9W2B2,P58955,Q8INZ2,Q8IN58,Q8INM9,Q9VEU0,Q9VB26,Q8IMN5,Q8IMN6,Q9VB30,Q0E9G8,H0RNL7,D3PK93,E1JJC5,Q8MLS6,Q7KV53,Q8IN22,M9PAZ2,M9PGM7,A1Z881,M9PBP0,Q9W1V0,B4PH96,B4PH99,B4PHA1,B4PX40,B4PHA0,B4PH98,B4PZC5,B4PH97,B6ZDW0M. domesticaMDOA000140-PA,MDOA000302-PA,MDOA000316-PA,MDOA000580-PA,MDOA000804-PA,MDOA000952-PA,MDOA001249-PA,MDOA002394-PA,MDOA002976-PA,MDOA002995-PA,MDOA003120-PA,MDOA003761-PA,MDOA003814-PA,MDOA004047-PA,MDOA004843-PA,MDOA004883-PA,MDOA005532-PA,MDOA006053-PA,MDOA006078-PA,MDOA006341-PA,MDOA006396-PA,MDOA006542-PA,MDOA007003-PA,MDOA007173-PA,MDOA007349-PA,MDOA007502-PA,MDOA008622-PA,MDOA008716-PA,MDOA008860-PA,MDOA008965-PA,MDOA009078-PA,MDOA009179-PA,MDOA009364-PA,MDOA009614-PA,MDOA009686-PA,MDOA009754-PA,MDOA009880-PA,MDOA011018-PA,MDOA011119-PA,MDOA011281-PA,MDOA012391-PA,MDOA012949-PA,MDOA013669-PA,MDOA014425-PA,MDOA014604-PA,MDOA015305-PA,MDOA002641-PA,MDOA002364-PA,MDOA014947-PA,MDOA015347-PAAn.gambiaeAGAP004716-PA,AGAP004727-PA,AGAP005047-PA,AGAP005495-PA,AGAP005514-PA,AGAP006143-RD,AGAP006399-PA,AGAP006450-PA,AGAP006713-RA,AGAP006716-PA,AGAP006717-PA,AGAP006874-PA,AGAP006875-PA,AGAP006876-PA,AGAP006877-RB,AGAP006917-PA,AGAP001915-PA,AGAP002633-PA,AGAP002635-RA,AGAP001125-PA,AGAP003098-PA,AGAP003256-PA,AGAP003255-PA,AGAP003254-PA,AGAP003253-PA,AGAP003260-PA,AGAP003259-RA,AGAP004114-PA,AGAP001171-PA,AGAP001172-PA,AGAP001173-PA,AGAP001170-PA,AGAP001169-RA,AGAP004313-PA,AGAP002275-PA,AGAP011915-PA,AGAP007757-PA,AGAP009256-RA,AGAP009802-PA,AGAP009803-PA,AGAP009804-PA,AGAP009805-RA,AGAP009853-PA,AGAP009854-PA,AGAP009856-PA,AGAP009857-PA,AGAP009858-PA,AGAP009999-PA,AGAP009855-PA,AGAP007756-PA,AGAP012713-PA,AGAP001114-PA,AGAP001117-RA,AGAP001119-PA,AGAP001122-PA,AGAP001123-PA,AGAP001121-PA,AGAP001120-PA,AGAP001115-PA,AGAP001137-PA,AGAP010195-PA,Glossina austeniGAUT014395-PA,GAUT050371-PA,GAUT004311-PA,GAUT045920-PA,GAUT028888-PA,GAUT021583-PA,GAUT000836-PA,GAUT050213-PA,GAUT050213-PA,GAUT022268-PA,GAUT044021-PA,GAUT022034-PA,GAUT028238-PA,GAUT011101-PA,GAUT016620-PA,GAUT005608-PA,GAUT042364-PA,GAUT042360-PA,GAUT018044-PA,GAUT003629-PA,GAUT038273-PA,GAUT018383-PA,GAUT032244-PA,GAUT021320-PA,GAUT051820-PA,GAUT021321-PA,GAUT035779-PA,GAUT050214-PA,GAUT003281-PA,GAUT005460-PA,GAUT006649-PA,GAUT040462-PA,GAUT036655-PA,GAUT005363-PA,GAUT034813-PAGlossina brevipalpisGBRI045111-PA,GBRI018062-PA,GBRI036522-PA,GBRI035583-PA,GBRI036342-PA,GBRI002464-PA,GBRI016989-PA,GBRI044639-PA,GBRI034666-PA,GBRI009897-PA,GBRI026647-PA,GBRI008361-PA,GBRI028428-PA,GBRI026891-PA,GBRI015995-PA,GBRI011898-PA,GBRI011904-PA,GBRI011358-PA,GBRI031244-PA,GBRI031534-PA,GBRI002179-PA,GBRI026158-PA,GBRI017432-PA,GBRI017598-PA,GBRI040021-PA,GBRI044640-PA,GBRI018811-PA,GBRI027004-PA,GBRI041284-PA,GBRI030235-PA,GBRI005734-PA,GBRI013056-PA,GBRI012762-PA,GBRI030714-PAGlossina fuscipes fuscipesGFUI014938-PA,GFUI043297-PA,GFUI032492-PA,GFUI028755-PA,GFUI007794-PA,GFUI003104-PA,GFUI003105-PA,GFUI003499-PA,GFUI028213-PA,GFUI008162-PA,GFUI032116-PA,GFUI005658-PA,GFUI037305-PA,GFUI034469-PA,GFUI045476-PA,GFUI009257-PA,GFUI038138-PA,GFUI038147-PA,GFUI042981-PA,GFUI027054-PA,GFUI051694-PA,GFUI007388-PA,GFUI043789-PA,GFUI036188-PA,GFUI022534-PA,GFUI022472-PA,GFUI003500-PA,GFUI053522-PA,GFUI022126-PA,GFUI047908-PA,GFUI049134-PA,GFUI037003-PA,GFUI024278-PA,GFUI012941-PA,GFUI035140-PAGlossina morsitans morsitansGMOY008038-PA,GMOY009475-PA,GMOY001927-PA,GMOY005386-PA,GMOY004772-PA,GMOY010761-PA,GMOY001365-PA,GMOY003305-PA,GMOY009271-PA,GMOY006265-PA,GMOY011399-PA,GMOY006479-PA,GMOY006480-PA,GMOY005796-PA,GMOY005084-PA,GMOY010839-PA,GMOY003312-PA,GMOY004392-PA,GMOY007472-PA,GMOY005479-PA,GMOY012018-RB,GMOY012323-PA,GMOY012193-PA,GMOY012195-PA,GMOY012218-PA,GMOY012239-PA,GMOY012253-PA,GMOY012276-PA,GMOY012356-PA,GMOY012357-PA,GMOY005610-PAGlossina pallidipesGPAI034871-PA,GPAI027642-PA,GPAI015219-PA,GPAI004010-PA,GPAI034198-PA,GPAI039623-PA,GPAI039631-PA,GPAI031316-PA,GPAI031326-PA,GPAI029610-PA,GPAI041951-PA,GPAI026906-PA,GPAI014680-PA,GPAI009882-PA,GPAI009200-PA,GPAI039539-PA,GPAI001497-PA,GPAI004557-PA,GPAI045424-PA,GPAI045426-PA,GPAI039747-PA,GPAI017649-PA,GPAI041241-PA,GPAI037164-PA,GPAI033169-PA,GPAI012943-PA,GPAI012945-PA,GPAI046202-PA,GPAI002749-PA,GPAI042230-PA,GPAI031315-PA,GPAI024118-PA,GPAI001626-PA,GPAI040919-PA,GPAI002024-PA,GPAI004056-PA,GPAI027550-PA,GPAI009882-PA,GPAI035133-PAD. melanogasterQ9VPT1,Q9VZL7,P81909,P81910,O46077,Q9V3Q2,P81915,P81917,P81921,Q9VNB5,Q9I816,Q9VXL0,Q9VYZ1,Q9W5G6,P81912,P81911,P81913,Q9VLE5,P81916,P81914,Q9V9I2,Q9V589,P81919,P81922,P81918,Q9V3N2,Q9V9I4,Q9V6A9,Q9V6H2,Q9V568,Q9V8Y7,Q9W1P8,P81923,P82982,Q9VT90,Q9VT92,Q9VT08,Q9VT20,Q9VVF3,Q9W3I5,Q9VHQ7,Q9VHE6,Q9VHS4,Q9VFN2,P82986,Q9VAZ3,Q9W2U9,Q8IRZ5,Q9VZW8,Q9VNB3,Q9VHQ6,Q9VCS9,Q9VCS8,E1JIA4,M9NFD3,E2E626,E2E5L1,E2E5L0,E2E510,B4NY14M. domesticaMDOA000926-PA,MDOA000137-PA,MDOA000385-PA,MDOA000464-PA,MDOA001095-PA,MDOA001330-PA,MDOA001508-PA,MDOA001711-PA,MDOA001967-PA,MDOA002017-PA,MDOA002113-PA,MDOA002222-PA,MDOA002540-PA,MDOA002654-PA,MDOA002736-PA,MDOA002822-PA,MDOA002922-PA,MDOA003091-PA,MDOA003495-PA,MDOA003512-PA,MDOA003540-PA,MDOA003948-PA,MDOA004405-PA,MDOA004757-PA,MDOA004936-PA,MDOA004949-PA,MDOA005313-PA,MDOA005821-PA,MDOA005976-PA,MDOA006361-PA,MDOA006570-PA,MDOA006773-PA,MDOA006970-PA,MDOA007213-PA,MDOA007232-PA,MDOA007549-PA,MDOA007555-PA,MDOA007822-PA,MDOA007881-PA,MDOA008272-PA,MDOA008672-PA,MDOA008787-PA,MDOA009136-PA,MDOA009183-PA,MDOA009203-PA,MDOA009938-PA,MDOA010127-PA,MDOA010179-PA,MDOA010267-PA,MDOA010394-PA,MDOA010396-PA,MDOA010576-PA,MDOA011183-PA,MDOA011663-PA,MDOA011814-PA,MDOA011954-PA,MDOA012084-PA,MDOA012436-PA,MDOA012443-PA,MDOA012722-PA,MDOA012767-PA,MDOA012864-PA,MDOA012897-PA,MDOA012955-PA,MDOA013188-PA,MDOA013204-PA,MDOA013213-PA,MDOA013229-PA,MDOA013697-PA,MDOA014353-PA,MDOA014482-PA,MDOA014540-PA,MDOA014647-PA,MDOA014744-PA,MDOA014843-PA,MDOA014864-PA,MDOA014904-PA,MDOA015346-PA,MDOA015469-PA,MDOA015496-PA,MDOA015498-PA,MDOA005448-PA,MDOA007080-PA,MDOA007097-PA,MDOA010057-PA,MDOA013717-PAGlossina austeniGAUT036857-PA,GAUT010844-PA,GAUT032862-PA,GAUT032862-PA,GAUT018821-PA,GAUT036856-PA,GAUT051652-PA,GAUT029664-PA,GAUT011688-PA,GAUT019628-PA,GAUT028361-PA,GAUT017831-PA,GAUT035430-PA,GAUT051179-PA,GAUT013397-PA,GAUT013397-PA,GAUT003875-PA,GAUT051343-PA,GAUT037856-PA,GAUT038749-PA,GAUT002274-PA,GAUT026102-PA,GAUT023024-PA,GAUT005991-PA,GAUT026111-PA,GAUT031582-PA,GAUT008471-PA,GAUT032864-PAGlossina brevipalpisGBRI004368-PA,GBRI037007-PA,GBRI006509-PA,GBRI004366-PA,GBRI004366-PA,GBRI013356-PA,GBRI037007-PA,GBRI012928-PA,GBRI001929-PA,GBRI023337-PA,GBRI000712-PA,GBRI039411-PA,GBRI033584-PA,GBRI012051-PA,GBRI033291-PA,GBRI016181-PA,GBRI016181-PA,GBRI012020-PA,GBRI018928-PA,GBRI009997-PA,GBRI002787-PA,GBRI010267-PA,GBRI006799-PA,GBRI006802-PA,GBRI006799-PA,GBRI029815-PA,GBRI013857-PA,GBRI040612-PAGlossina fuscipes fuscipesGFUI019198-PA,GFUI016186-PA,GFUI018591-PA,GFUI019200-PA,GFUI019200-PA,GFUI031610-PA,GFUI041857-PA,GFUI035802-PA,GFUI017944-PA,GFUI008852-PA,GFUI031962-PA,GFUI025996-PA,GFUI041337-PA,GFUI028023-PA,GFUI019558-PA,GFUI029180-PA,GFUI029178-PA,GFUI043801-PA,GFUI005590-PA,GFUI004860-PA,GFUI020203-PA,GFUI000065-PA,GFUI009601-PA,GFUI000460-PA,GFUI000063-PA,GFUI045184-PA,GFUI050910-PAGlossina morsitans morsitansGMOY004222,GMOY012186,GMOY006490,GMOY007988,GMOY001514,GMOY012037,GMOY006751,GMOY001810,GMOY004959,GMOY005753,GMOY007825,GMOY000804,GMOY012048,GMOY012127,GMOY008789,GMOY008540,GMOY012136,GMOY006890,GMOY009209,GMOY002585,GMOY004997,GMOY009750,GMOY004578Glossina pallidipesGPAI011564-PA,GPAI006854-PA,GPAI010111-PA,GPAI011561-PA,GPAI011561-PA,GPAI019869-PA,GPAI006854-PA,GPAI045043-PA,GPAI016226-PA,GPAI011331-PA,GPAI007758-PA,GPAI004624-PA,GPAI022505-PA,GPAI032358-PA,GPAI017485-PA,GPAI036018-PA,GPAI036018-PA,GPAI025294-PA,GPAI027894-PA,GPAI044391-PA,GPAI022870-PA,GPAI042411-PA,GPAI006139-PA,GPAI006142-PA,GPAI029067-PA,GPAI010422-PA,GPAI006139-PA,GPAI006944-PAD. melanogasterQ9W365,Q9W3P2,A1Z882,E9NA96,A1Z8N9,B7Z069,Q9VCM4,A1ZBM8,M9PCT4,A1ZBM7,Q2MGM0,B7YZQ4,B7Z0P2,A1Z8P2,Q9VCM0,Q9W191,Q9VDH6,Q9VYN4,Q9VVU7,Q9V9T2,Q8IN10,A1ZA17,Q8IN09,B7Z0Y1,A8JNV9,Q9W155,Q9VTH3,B7Z0X5,Q9VDN3,A8JUR3,A1ZBM9,B7Z0X6,Q9VTT6,A1Z6D6,Q9VVL1,Q8IMY8,A1ZAY9,Q8IN08,X2JCB2,A1ZA14,Q9W3P0,Q9W3P4,Q9VRL4,A1ZA16,A1ZBG7,Q9VPI2,Q9V9N1,Q9VHL4,Q8IPB8,Q9VVL2,Q9VCM1,Q9VRI8,A1ZA15,A1Z9Y5,M9PGG3,Q9VFV0,Q8IQE2,B7YZQ6,Q9VIA5,Q9VT09,E9NA95,E9NA98,E9NA99,E7E521M. domesticaMDOA007071-PA,MDOA010874-PA,MDOA004663-PA,MDOA002700-PA,MDOA000608-PA,MDOA010444-PA,MDOA014373-PA,MDOA014396-PA,MDOA009431-PA,MDOA011131-PA,MDOA003227-PA,MDOA000640-PA,MDOA003336-PA,MDOA015494-PA,MDOA004232-PA,MDOA015201-PA,MDOA010345-PA,MDOA012059-PA,MDOA009027-PA,MDOA008354-PA,MDOA001109-PA,MDOA006236-PA,MDOA009699-PA,MDOA007005-PA,MDOA002252-PA,MDOA001895-PA,MDOA012195-PA,MDOA013121-PA,MDOA007819-PA,MDOA012117-PA,MDOA008579-PA,MDOA010627-PA,MDOA002571-PA,MDOA012119-PA,MDOA005930-PA,MDOA008763-PA,MDOA003307-PA,MDOA011360-PA,MDOA009489-PA,MDOA000887-PA,MDOA005477-PA,MDOA003828-PA,MDOA007088-PA,MDOA011259-PA,MDOA015382-PA,MDOA009859-PA,MDOA008038-PA,MDOA008826-PA,MDOA008185-PA,MDOA014666-PA,MDOA011062-PA,MDOA000255-PA,MDOA010951-PA,MDOA012239-PA,MDOA013187-PA,MDOA005137-PA,MDOA007608-PA,MDOA010321-PA,MDOA000493-PA,MDOA003357-PA,MDOA008271-PA,MDOA010652-PA,MDOA004469-PA,MDOA012545-PA,MDOA007828-PA,MDOA005225-PA,MDOA008360-PA,MDOA012330-PA,MDOA011161-PA,MDOA014865-PA,MDOA014404-PA,MDOA008618-PA,MDOA005214-PA,MDOA002045-PA,MDOA006466-PA,MDOA005355-PA,MDOA007990-PA,MDOA012546-PA,MDOA000971-PA,MDOA005099-PA,MDOA005808-PA,MDOA003734-PA,MDOA009668-PA,MDOA006290-PA,MDOA012758-PA,MDOA006255-PA,MDOA002539-PA,MDOA002539-PB,MDOA014635-PA,MDOA004067-PA,MDOA003912-PA,MDOA005542-PA,MDOA004606-PA,MDOA013782-PA,MDOA011463-PA,MDOA011711-PA,MDOA004225-PA,MDOA013355-PA,MDOA000458-PA,MDOA003685-PA,MDOA007697-PA,MDOA001982-PA,MDOA008624-PA,MDOA001178-PA,MDOA009650-PA,MDOA011682-PA,MDOA002092-PA,MDOA002232-PA,MDOA001533-PA,MDOA013906-PA,MDOA007071-PA,An.gambiaeAGAP004923-PA,AGAP004969-PA,AGAP005466-RA,AGAP005527-PA,AGAP005677-PA,AGAP005678-PA,AGAP005679-PA,AGAP006407-PA,AGAP006440-PA,AGAP006691-PA,AGAP007498-PA,AGAP001811-PA,AGAP001812-PA,AGAP013085-PA,AGAP013436-PA,AGAP013242-PA,AGAP013363-PA,AGAP013285-PA,AGAP002763-PA,AGAP013416-PA,AGAP002797-RB,AGAP002904-PA,AGAP013473-PA,AGAP003531-PA,AGAP012951-PA,AGAP013425-PA,AGAP004021-PA,AGAP001478-PA,AGAP004432-PA,AGAP012969-PA,AGAP004475-PA,AGAP013520-PA,AGAP013172-PA,AGAP013409-PA,AGAP000714-PA,AGAP013154-PA,AGAP000803-PA,AGAP000801-RB,AGAP000798-PA,AGAP000140-PA,AGAP000256-PA,AGAP000293-PA,AGAP010411-PA,AGAP011943-PA,AGAP011968-PA,AGAP007951-PA,AGAP008511-PA,AGAP008759-PA,AGAP009014-PA,AGAP010272-PA,AGAP012429-PA,AGAP012447-PAThe numbers of chemosensory gene families identified and annotated in this study are summarized in G. austeni, Obp20, Or85e and Gr33a in G. brevipalpis, SNMP1 and Or56a in G. f. fuscipes, and Or67d3 in G. pallidipes. The GRs and ORs in G. austeni, G. brevipalpis, G. f. fuscipes, and G. pallidipes were 269\u2013480 aa and 295\u2013508 aa long, respectively. Similarly, CSPs and OBPs were 108\u2013178 aa and 108\u2013257 aa long, respectively. The SNMPs and IRs had longer sequences than other gene families, being 384\u2013540 aa and 407\u20131070 aa long, respectively.Overall, the results presented in Our analysis revealed a general genome-wide dispersion of the chemosensory genes in all the tsetse species analyzed . FourteeGlossina Obp56i and Obp19 showed sequence deletions between C3 and C4. In contrast, their homologs from D. melanogaster and M. domestica showed amino acid conservation around the same regions.Sequence alignment of Obp56i and Obp19 from selected dipterans showed variation of amino acids between the third and fourth conserved cysteine residues  of the Glossina OBPs were grouped into the Classic subfamily . G. brevipalpis on the other hand, had a single copy of Ejbp3 similar to M. domestica  and hydrophobic amino acid residues (for formation ligand-binding sites) See . Phylogeubfamily   had a total of five Or67d paralogs compared to six copies reported in G. m. morsitans [Glossina species include Or67c and Or43a (A single copy of the co-receptor (Orco) ortholog was identified in all tsetse species . There wbiae ORs  Fig 7)..M. domesa larvae , were idorsitans . Other gDrosophila Ir93a was not identified in G. austeni. Phylogeny reconstruction of IRs and iGluRs yielded highly supported clades   . FurtherGlossina predicted Irs clustered with the divergent IRs  values were too high to be considered reliable (The M8 (beta & w) codeml model was found to have better representation of the data relative to M1a and M2a models, hence its adoption in calculation of LRT values. Nevertheless, some of the reliable ; such vareliable . For insreliable . Only foreliable . VariousG. austeni, G. brevipalpis, G. f. fuscipes and G. pallidipes), which are representatives of all tsetse fly sub-genera, has provided a comprehensive gene repertoire necessary for undertaking comparative functional genomics.Identification and annotation of chemosensory gene families in four tsetse genomes  that the CSPs family is more conserved compared to OBPs family. The majority of OBPs identified across the Glossina genus fall under the Classic subfamily with six conserved cysteine residues  in distantly located scaffolds may indicate the involvement of transposition in emergence. Notably, gene transposition has been reported earlier in three Drosophila species  [Results of this study show a general conservation of chemosensory gene families in terms of sequence length, gene structure, and gene copy numbers across the five tsetse species. This included the previously described orsitans ,24. Specorsitans , suggestorsitans . This suresidues . This isnean fly ,49, suggimulans) \u201376, addiG. brevipalpis could be attributed to evolutionary events given that it is the most ancient among the Glossina species studied [Glossina species. This is not surprising as Gr68a also participates in sound reception [Drosophila and perhaps may play the same role in tsetse flies [Glossina IRs/iGluRs shows conservation of copy numbers. Notably, the Ir84a have homologs in all tsetse species studied here. Ir84a is a candidate receptor for phenylacetyaldehyde and has been reported to promote male courtship in Drosophila [Glossina support male courtship to be conserved across tsetse species. On the other hand, the absence of Ir93a in G. austeni whose ligand is unknown [The complete loss of genes and/or distortion in their gene structure observed in  studied . This co studied  who propeception . Absenceeception . Additiose flies . Glossinosophila . Presenc unknown  could po unknown .Glossina, it is apparent that all tsetse fly species have a reduced chemosensory repertoire compared to D. melanogaster and M. domestica. This is in agreement with findings reported in G. m morsitans [M. domestica, D. melanogaster and An. gambiae, which feed on nectar as primary or secondary source of nutrients. Also, tsetse species lack homologs to Gr43a, which has been attributed to internal fructose sensing in Drosophila [2 recognition confirming that tsetse flies are attracted to their vertebrate hosts through this volatile gas [M. domestica [Drosophila, were noted in all tsetse species. Or45a in Drosophila is expressed only in larvae [Drosophila [Glossina OBPs, Obp19 (a gene without homologs in Drosophila) was seen to have homologs in hemipterans, Lygus lineoralis and Microplitis demolitor and not in any of the close dipterans such as M. domestica or Stomoxys calcitrans. Moreover, Obp19 showed close phylogenetic relationship with Obp56i from all the Glossina species. This could imply that Obp19 is a recent paralog of Obp56i that assumes similar function to that of its homologs in hemipterans. Close phylogenetic relationship observed among Glossina OBPs and genes related to pheromone binding protein receptor proteins (PBPRPs) from other insects including  is similar to what was reported in C. capitata [Based on the number of chemosensory genes identified across orsitans ,42. Noteosophila . Gr43a mosophila . All tsetile gas . Similaromestica , expansiomestica  and cVA omestica , respectn larvae  where itn larvae . Though n larvae . Other Oosophila . Among tcapitata . This imDrosophila [Glossina species and is believed to play a role in detection of CO2; a tsetse volatile cue from vertebrate hosts [2 receptors is also noted in the malaria vector, An. gambiae junction ,95. To djunction . For insjunction . Thus, iG. brevipalpis, the presumed ancestral species. A few of the chemosensory genes in tsetse are rapidly evolving through duplication and among them, genes potentially associated with host finding are under strong positive selection pressure, presumably to confer adaptation to host odours. These genes among others could form potential molecular targets for control. The power to detect genes under natural selection and its influence on shaping olfaction in tsetse flies was limited by the number of sequences available. More gene sequences may yield better results in future. This study highlights the need to undertake functional studies on chemosensory genes of tsetse and to study the down-stream odor signaling pathway to enhance our understanding on differential behavior observed across tsetse species and how it can be used in improving current control strategies. Knowledge of differential host responses of sympatric tsetse species will aid in development of an integrated universal and cost-effective control strategy for vectors of trypanosomiasis.In general, tsetse species have a conserved chemosensory gene repertoire with genes sparsely distributed across their genomes. This study did not find significant gene loss/gain between species, except S1 DatasetMetadata for each protein chemosensory family is contained in a separate sheet. CSPs\u2014sheet 1, SNMPs\u2014sheet 2, GRs \u2013sheet3, OBPs \u2013sheet 4, ORs \u2013sheet 5 and IRs \u2013sheet 6. For every sequence, the following data is provided in columns A-G of each sheet: Gene name, VectorBase identifier, scaffold where it is located, number of exons, strand orientation, length of the amino acid sequence and the associated scaffold coordinates.(XLS)Click here for additional data file.S2 DatasetGlossina species, Drosophila melanogaster, Anopheles gambaie, Musca domestica and Ceratitis capitata used in construction of phylogenies of the chemosensory gene.Multiple sequence alignments of five (ZIP)Click here for additional data file.S1 FigGlossinaTwo Or7a homologs (part B) and two Or56a homologs (part C).Screenshots illustrating gene structure and tandem arrangement of selected chemosensory genes. Four copies of Obp83a (part A) thought to be olfactory specific in (PDF)Click here for additional data file.S2 FigGlossina. Their homologs in M. domestica and D. melanogaster appear more conserved around the same region.Variation of amino acids between conserved cysteine(s) C3 and C4 in Obp56i and Obp19 from (PDF)Click here for additional data file.S3 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S4 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S1 TabledN/dS) predicted under M8 model/and p-value is the statistical measure of significance.lnL M8 is the likelihood of the experimental model (M8), lnL M8a is the likelihood of the null model (M8a), \u0394LRT is the Likelihood Ratio Test = 2*(lnL M8- lnL M8a), w1M8 is the ratio of Non-synonymous to synonymous mutations ((PDF)Click here for additional data file.S2 Table(PDF)Click here for additional data file."}
{"text": "Scientific Reports5: Article number: 16463; 10.1038/srep16463 published online: 11122015; updated: 03102016The original version of this Article contained typographical errors in the spelling of the authors Chao-Kuei Lee and Chih-I Wu which were incorrectly given as Chao-Kuei Leeb and Chih-I Wua respectively.In addition, there were errors in the Acknowledgements section.\u201cThe authors thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C., and the Excellent Research Projects of National Taiwan University, Taiwan, for financially supporting this research under grants NSC 101-2221-E-002-071-MY3, and MOST 103-2221-E002-042-MY3, 104-2221-E-002 -117 -MY3, 103R89081 and 103R89083.\u201dnow reads:\u201cThe authors thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Excellent Research Projects of the National Taiwan University, Taiwan, R.O.C., for financially supporting this research under grants MOST 103-2221-E002-042-MY3, MOST- 104-2221-E-002 -117 -MY3, NTU-ERP-105R89081 and NTU-ERP-105R89083.\u201dThese errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
{"text": "Now, the detailed ultrastructures of microorganisms can be elucidated in situ using three-dimensional electron microscopy. Since the availability of electron microscopy, the taxonomy of microscopic organisms has entered a new era. Here, we established a new taxonomic system of the primitive algal genus Glaucocystis (Glaucophyta) using a new-generation electron microscopic methodology: ultra-high-voltage electron microscopy (UHVEM) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Various globally distributed Glaucocystis strains were delineated into six species, based on differences in in situ ultrastructural features of the protoplast periphery under UHVEM tomography and in the mother cell wall by FE-SEM, as well as differences in the light microscopic characteristics and molecular phylogenetic results. The present work on Glaucocystis provides a model case of new-generation taxonomy.The field of microbiology was established in the 17 However, since their observations, no comparative morphological studies using multiple strains of Glaucocystis were performed until recently (see below).Glaucophytes constitute one major lineage of such microorganisms. They are rare freshwater algae retaining the most ancestral features of primary photosynthetic eukaryotes or Archaeplastida89locally, using ultrathin samples into which the electron beam are transmitted34globally, but conventional SEM does not have sufficiently high resolution to observe ultrastructures in detail1010111213151617Although TEM has sufficiently high resolution to elucidate precise characteristics, even in 10-\u03bcm-scale microalgae, conventional TEM can reveal only limited parts of cells, in situ surface ultrastructures in numerous cells to be observed all at once1011Cyanophora, identifying three new speciesGlaucocystis19in situ 3D ultrastructural observation by thick-section tomography using an ultra-high accelerating voltage, can be usedGlaucocystis13UHR FE-SEM enables ultrafine observations of the entire cell surface even at low accelerating voltages (LV); it also allows Glaucocystis species based on the combination of several types of microscopy, including 3D UHVEM tomography and LV FE-SEM, combined with molecular phylogenetic results, from 10 globally distributed strains labelled G. nostochinearum Itzigs. ex Rabenh. (1866)21Glaucocystis G. nostochinearum in our new taxonomic system  Tos.Takah. & Nozaki stat. nov. and G. bhattacharyae Tos.Takah. & Nozaki sp. nov. , even though the protoplast was tightly enclosed by a cell wall. In addition, the 3D ultrastructures of the protoplast periphery in these three strains are diverse and can be classified into three types 13G. geitleri strain SAG 229-1 of type A, G. nostochinearum strain SAG 16.98 of type B and G. incrassata strain SAG 229-2 of type C), they were assigned as authentic strains for these species (see below).Recent reports13Glaucocystis species, we observed various regions of mature vegetative cells in three strains representing the three species  by UHVEM and tomography, as well as ultrathin section TEM  and G. miyajii (periphery type C) were clearly distinguished from each other based on the difference in the periphery type, although they were indistinguishable under LM alone ], which are essentially equivalent to the G1\u2013G6 groups recognised previouslyThe phylogenetic tree of the concatenated plastid gene sequences  demonstrG. geitleri and G. incrassata occupied the most and second most basal positions, respectively, whereas the other four species  represent a large robust monophyletic group (crown lineage), supported by bootstrap values of 100% in neighbour-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses. However, the phylogenetic relationships of the four species were not well resolved within the crown lineage.In the phylogenetic tree, basal phylogenetic relationships were robustly resolved  in the secondary structure of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2 of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (Glaucocystis species within the crown lineage exhibited CBCs and sufficient genetic distances to be classified as four distinct species (The six species of A (rDNA)  and the A (rDNA) . Four Gl species .Glaucocystis, six species were clearly delineated  recognised by previousG. oocystiformis can be easily distinguished from the other five species based on differences in LM characteristics and phylogenetic positions , although they were distinguished from one another based on differences in LM characteristics  and the coccoid Glaucocystis . Within the Gloeochaetales, cultured strains labelled Cyanoptyche gloeocystis PascherGloeochaete wittrockiana Lagerhhttp://www.ccac.uni-koeln.de/; http://sagdb.uni-goettingen.de/). Although no taxonomic studies have been performed based on EM and/or molecular data, these two taxa are considered cosmopolitan species34in situ ultrastructural characteristics using various clonal strains, as in CyanophoraGlaucocystis evaluated here, would be useful for these two species or genera. 3D UHVEM tomography will reveal the peripheral in situ ultrastructures of their vegetative cells even when enclosed by a non-cellulosic extracellular matrix35Glaucocystis1335in situ ultrastructural observation of the protoplast surface, as in Cyanophorain situ, leading to the delineation of more natural species of the gloeochaetalean algae, when combined with molecular phylogenetic results.The Gloeochaetales are another order of glaucophytes that are characterised by having palmelloid immotile vegetative cells and include two genera, in situ ultrastructural features of microscopic organisms in their entirety. Molecular barcoding is only meaningful for lineages within which species have already been delineated and recognised by morphological or phenotypic characteristics. Global and in situ ultrafine microscopy should become the mainstream method used to delineate microbial species, as in the present study on Glaucocystis.In recent taxonomic work on certain microorganisms, there has been a tendency to avoid morphological approaches in favour of molecular ones15161740Glaucocystis nostochinearum Itzigs. ex Rabenh. (in Alg. Eur. 94\u20135: no. 1935. 1866)21Syntypes: Rabenhorst\u2019s exsiccata, Die Algen EuropasLectotype (here designated): the permanent slide R1935J prepared from a syntype of Farlow Herbarium, University of Harvard (FH), deposited in FH .Epitype (here designated): Resin-embedded cells of the new authentic strain SAG 16.98, deposited as TNS-AL-58925 in Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science (TNS).Epitypic authentic strain (here designated): SAG 16.98.Epitype locality: Lower Saxony, pond in quarry at Walkenried/Harz, surface of Myriophyllum sp., Germany.Glaucocystis oocystiformis Prescott (in Farlowia 1(3): 372. 1944)Holotype: Prescott 1944. Farlowia. pl. 4, Fig. 20.Holotypic authentic strain: not available.Type locality: Trout Lake, Vilas County, Wisconsin, USA.Epitype (here designated): Resin-embedded cells of the new authentic strain 126, deposited as TNS-AL-58926 in TNS.Epitypic authentic strain (here designated): Isolate 126, also available as NIES-3868 .Glaucocystis incrassata (Lemmerm.) Tos.Takah. & Nozaki stat. nov.Glaucocystis nostochinearumBasionym: var.incrassata Lemmerm. (in Arch. Hydrobiol. Planktonkd. 4: 178. 1908)Holotype: Lemmermann, Arch. Hydrobiol. Planktonkd. 4: 178. 1908, Taf. V., Fig. 4Holotypic authentic strain: not available.Type locality: Lentini, Sicily, Italy.Epitype (here designated): Resin-embedded cells of the new authentic strain SAG 229-2, deposited as TNS-AL-58923 in TNS.here designated)Epitypic authentic strain nom. provis., inval. .Holotype: Resin-embedded cells of the new authentic strain Thu10, deposited as TNS-AL-58924 in TNS.Holotypic authentic strain: Isolate Thu10, also available as NIES-3867 (IES-3867 .Etymology: Named after Prof. Kazuyuki Miyaji (University of Toho), who contributed much to phycology.Glaucocystis bhattacharyae Tos.Takah. & Nozaki sp. nov.Diagnosis:ca. 17\u201327\u2009\u03bcm long\u2009\u00d7\u200912\u201322\u2009\u03bcm wide, truncate-ellipsoidal, lacking polar thickenings, polar nodules and equatorial ring. Two vestigial flagella between cell wall and protoplast periphery, positioned at equator of cells. Protoplast periphery, with numerous small depressions arranged regularly. Depression at intervals of ca. 200\u2013600\u2009nm, shared by plasma membrane and centre of underlying flattened vesicle. Flattened vesicles leaflet-like, slightly overlapping one another. Colony lacking attaching stalk; mother cell wall lacking prominent extension and a gauze fabric-like appearance, with tightly arranged fibrils and no spaces between fibrils.Coccoid alga, enclosed by cellulosic cell wall; solitary or colonial generally with four cells. Cells Type locality: Funabashi-shi, Chiba, Japan .Holotype: Resin-embedded cells of the new authentic strain 118, deposited as TNS-AL-58921 in TNS.Holotypic authentic strain: Isolate 118, also available as NIES-3866 (IES-3866 .Etymology: Named after Prof. Debashish Bhattacharya (Rutgers University), who contributed much to phycology.Based on A. Colony with stalk-----------------------------------------------------------------------------B.A. Colony without stalk--------------------------------------------------------------------------C.G. indica R.J.PatelB. Cell shape ellipsoidal-----------------------------------------------------G. reniformis B.N.Prasad, R.K.Mehrotra & P.K.MisraB. Cell shape kidney-shaped--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G. cingulata BohlinC. Cell wall with equatorial ring-------------------------------------------C. Cell wall without equatorial ring------------------------------------------------------------D.G. duplex PrescottD. Cell spherical--------------------------------------------------------------D. Cell ellipsoidal---------------------------------------------------------------------------------E.G. bullosa WilleE. Cell measured 10\u201318\u2009\u00d7\u20096\u201310\u2009\u03bcm-------------------------------------------E. Cell measured 17\u201350\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u201330\u2009\u03bcm----------------------------------------------------------F.G. oocystiformis PrescottF. Cell wall with polar nodules--------------------------------------F. Cell wall without polar nodules--------------------------------------------------------------G.G. Cell wall with polar thickenings------------------------------------------------------------H.G. Cell wall without polar thickenings----------------------------------------------------------I.G. geitleri E.G.Pringsh. ex Tos.Takah. & Nozaki sp. nov.H. Mother cell wall with prominent extension, having a gauze fabric-like appearance and small spaces between fibrils; cell measured 30\u201350\u2009\u00d7\u200919\u201330\u2009\u03bcm; grooves at intervals of 500\u2013800\u2009nm; vesicles not overlapping---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G. incrassata (Lemmerm.) Tos.Takah. & Nozaki stat. nov.H. Mother cell wall without prominent extension, lacking a gauze fabric-like appearance and spaces between fibrils; cell measured 22\u201332\u2009\u00d7\u200915\u201324\u2009\u03bcm; grooves at intervals of 200\u2013600\u2009nm; vesicles frequently overlapping-----------------------------------------------------------------------G. bhattacharyae Tos.Takah. & Nozaki sp. nov.I. Poles of cell truncate; mother cell wall without prominent extension, lacking a gauze fabric-like appearance and spaces between fibrils---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I. Poles of cell not truncate; mother cell wall with prominent extension, having a gauze fabric-like appearance and small spaces between fibrils-------------------------------------J.G. miyajii Tos.Takah. & Nozaki sp. nov.J. Protoplast periphery with grooves-------------G. nostochinearum Itzigs. ex Rabenh.J. Protoplast periphery without grooves------------Glaucocystis were obtained from public culture collections (http://mcc.nies.go.jp/)http://sagdb.uni-goettingen.de/)45Glaucocystis newly established from freshwater samples collected in Japan . After dehydration using a graded ethanol series and infiltration with xylene, the glass was covered with 60\u2009\u00b0C Canada balsam xylene, placed on the 60\u2009\u00b0C Canada balsam on a glass slide, and then the slide was incubated at 60\u2009\u00b0C for a few days. LM observations were carried out as described previouslyPermanent slides were prepared using air-dried cells from the syntype material of Glaucocystis strains, but cells were harvested directly, treated with the critical point dryer JCPD-5 (JEOL) and observed using the UHR FE-SEM SU8220 .LV FE-SEM was performed as described previouslyGlaucocystis strains. In addition, UHVEM and reconstruction of the tomographic images were carried out as described previouslyGlaucocystis species  of the photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A2 (psaB) gene  and the photosystem II P680 chlorophyll a apoprotein D1 (psbA) gene (750 base pairs) from 13 strains of Glaucocystis, representing 10 OTUs , and three strains of three other glaucophyte genera as an outgroup  and direct sequencing of the PCR products were performed as described previously10471031outgroup . The seqHow to cite this article: Takahashi, T. et al. Delineation of six species of the primitive algal genus Glaucocystis based on in situ ultrastructural characteristics. Sci. Rep.6, 29209; doi: 10.1038/srep29209 (2016)."}
{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 1944510.1038/srep19445; published online: 01182016; updated: 05312016This Article contains typographical errors in the Methods section under subheading \u2018Chemicals and Animals\u2019,\u201cThioacetamide (TAA) , ADP355 (H-Asn-Ile-Pro-Nva-Leu-Tyr-Ser-Phe-Ala- DSer-NH2) and scramble (H-Pro-Ile-Asn-Tyr-Ala-Nva-Ser-Phe-Leu-Ser-NH2)  were all dissolved in PBS\u201d.should read:\u201cThioacetamide (TAA) , ADP355 (H-DAsn-Ile-Pro-Nva-Leu-Tyr-DSer-Phe-Ala- DSer-NH2) and scramble (H-Pro-Ile-Asn-Tyr-Ala-Nva-Ser-Phe-Leu-Ser-NH2)  were all dissolved in PBS\u201d."}
{"text": "The following information is missing from the Funding section: This study was supported by a National Science Council Grant (NSC 102-2314-B-016-049-MY3), the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST103-2113-M-038-002), Taipei Medical University (TMU102-AE1-B32), and Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH-C103-070 and TSGH-C104-068). The publisher apologizes for this error."}
{"text": "The correct name is: Hui-I Yu. The correct citation is: Hsu Y-H, Yu H-I, Chen H-J, Li T-C, Hsu C-C, Kao C-H (2016) The Risk of Peripheral Arterial Disease after Parathyroidectomy in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease. PLoS ONE 11(6): e0156863. doi:"}
{"text": "The following information is missing from the Funding section: This research was supported by contracts N01-HC-95159, N01-HC-95160, N01-HC-95161, N01-HC-95162, N01-HC-95163, N01-HC-95164, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, and N01-HC-95169 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, by grants UL1-TR-000040 and UL1-RR-025005 from NCRR, and by grant RD831697 (MESA Air) from the U.S Environmental Protection Agency."}
{"text": "The correct name is: Dong-Heon Ha. The correct citation is: Lee J-S, Lee DC, Ha D-H, Kim SW, Cho D-W (2015) Redefining the Septal L-Strut in Septal Surgery. PLoS ONE 10(3): e0119996. doi:"}
{"text": "IgM-anti-HBc positive using the chronic-hepatitis-cut-off\" (0.130-S/CO) were positive in 102 of 212 sera (48.1%). Overall total-anti-HBc and IgM-anti-HBc correlated significantly . Total-anti-HBc declined significantly in CHB patients with response to Peg-IFN (p<0.001) and in NUC-treated patients (p<0.001); the lowest levels  were found in long-term responders who cleared HBsAg subsequently. During spontaneous and therapy-induced fluctuations of CHB (remissions and reactivations) total- and IgM-anti-HBc correlated with ALT . Total-anti-HBc qualifies as a useful marker of HBV-induced-liver-disease that might help to discriminate major phases of chronic HBV infection and to predict sustained response to antivirals.Non invasive immunologic markers of virus-induced liver disease are unmet needs. We tested the clinical significance of quantitative total and IgM-anti-HBc in well characterized chronic-HBsAg-carriers. Sera (212) were obtained from 111 HBsAg-carriers followed-up for 52 months (28-216) during different phases of chronic-HBV-genotype-D-infection: 10 HBeAg-positive, 25 inactive-carriers , 66 HBeAg-negative-CHB-patients and 10 with HDV-super-infection. In 35 patients treated with Peg-IFN\u00b1nucleos(t)ide-analogues (NUCs) sera were obtained at baseline, end-of-therapy and week-24-off-therapy and in 22 treated with NUCs  at baseline and end-of-follow-up. HBsAg and IgM-anti-HBc were measured by Architect-assays ; total-anti-HBc by double-antigen-sandwich-immune-assay ; HBV-DNA by COBAS-TaqMan . Total-anti-HBc were detectable in all sera with lower levels in HBsAg-carriers without CHB (immune-tolerant, inactive and HDV-superinfected, median 3.26, range 2.26-4.49 Log Hepatitis-B-Virus (HBV) infection elicits a prominent immune response against hepatitis-B-core-antigen (HBcAg) \u20135: IgG-aSera (212) were obtained from 111 chronic-HBsAg-carriers infected with HBV-genotype-D  followed3\u20133.7 x 104-IU/ml) and reactivations . Fifty-seven HBeAg-negative-CHB underwent antiviral treatment: 35 with Peg-IFN-180\u03bcg/w\u00b1nucleos(t)ide-analogues (NUC) for 12-months and 22 with NUC for a mean of 60-months (range 42-134-months). In Peg-IFN treated patients, HBV-DNA<2000-IU/ml identified virologic response at end-of-treatment (EOT); its persistence at every 3-months for at least 12-months after EOT identified sustained-virologic-response, SVR. Patients with HBV-DNA<2000-IU/ml at EOT, but with recurrence of florid viral-replication thereafter were defined Relapsers (REL); Non-responders (NR) had HBV-DNA levels >2000-IU/ml at EOT. Sera were obtained at baseline (BL) before therapy, EOT and week-24 after EOT (Post-T-FU) in 35 Peg-IFN-treated patients. In 22 NUC (Entecavir or Tenofovir)-treated patients sera were obtained at BL and last-available follow-up sampling, at least 6-months after NUCs discontinuation (Post-T-FU) in patients who stopped therapy.Sera were obtained once from HBeAg-positive carriers, inactive carriers (IC) and chronic hepatitis Delta (CDH) and at different time points in HBeAg-negative-CHB. Five HBeAg-negative-CHB patients with fluctuating disease profile  were tes8-IU/ml . HBV genotyping was performed by direct sequencing of small-HBs-region (17). Anti-HBc was measured using the newly developed double-antigen sandwich immune-assay  calibrated using WHO standards  as previously reported  were compared testing consecutive sera (1050) from HBsAg-carriers with and without liver disease and controls (without HBV-markers) using the Paul-Ehrlich-Institute (Germany) calibration standard curve (0-100-PEI Units). By receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curves, the Architect cut-off for CHB was 0.130-S/CO . The analytical concordance between Axsym and Architect assays was highly significant . HBsAg was quantified as previously reported . Serum Hs-region . Anti-HBreported . Total aData were expressed in median, range and percentiles values. Unpaired t-test and Whitney-U-test were used for total- and IgM-anti-HBc comparisons between groups. The Pearson-correlation was used for the correlation between total- and IgM-anti-HBc and other continuous variables. ROC analysis was used to analyze the efficacy of total- and IgM-anti-HBc to distinguish different HBsAg-carrier groups. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-17.0 software . All statistical analyses were based on 2-tailed hypothesis tests with a significance level of p<0.05.10IU/ml) as compared to untreated CHB-patients  (p<0.0001), 10IU/ml), IC  and CDH . In 6 IC who lost HBsAg during follow-up , total-anti-HBc levels showed a trend to be lower than in the remaining IC . Total anti-HBc levels were not statistically different in untreated HBeAg-positive  or HBeAg-negative  CHB patients.All sera tested positive for total-anti-HBc: their levels were significantly lower in HBsAg-carriers without HBV-induced liver disease  sera from 27 of 111 (24.3%) HBsAg-carriers were IgM-anti-HBc positive using the acute-hepatitis-cut-off (1S/CO): 4 of 10 HBeAg-positive-CHB and 23 of 66 HBeAg-negative-CHB patients, but none of IC. According to the \"chronic-hepatitis-cut-off\" (0.130-S/CO) 102 of 212 sera (48.1%) were positive: all 9 HBeAg-positive-CHB patients, 51 of 66 (77.3%) HBeAg-negative-CHB, 5 of 25 (20%) IC and 1 of 10 (10%) CDH.In HBsAg carriers without HBV-induced liver disease , IgM-anti-HBc  were significantly lower than in untreated CHB patients  (p<0.001). IgM-anti-HBc levels were comparable in HBsAg-carriers without HBV liver damage: 0.4-S/CO in the immune-tolerant carrier, mean values 0.07 0.03\u20130.19-S/CO in IC and 0.06, 0.03\u20130.19-S/CO in CDH. In 6 IC who lost HBsAg during follow-up IgM-anti-HBc levels were  not statistically different than in the remaining IC who remained HBsAg-positive . Similarly IgM-anti-HBc levels were not statistically different in untreated HBeAg-positive  and HBeAg-negative  CHB-patients.Overall total-anti-HBc and IgM-anti-HBc correlated significantly  and both total-anti-HBc and IgM-anti-HBc correlated with ALT p<0.001, r = 0.351 and p = 0.008, r = 0.185 respectively. Using total-anti-HBc and IgM-anti-HBc as binary classifiers we ran two ROC curves separating: A) Inactive carriers (IC) from chronic-hepatitis-B (CHB) patients (10IU/ml) to EOF of SVR to Peg-IFN\u00b1NUCs or NUCs-treated patients .In 57 HBeAg-negative-CHB patients treated with antivirals a progressive decline of total-anti-HBc levels was observed from BL , 10 REL  and 6 NR . Similarly, at EOT total-anti-HBc were not significantly different in SVR, REL  and NR . At EOF in SVR total-anti-HBc levels were significantly lower  as compared to baseline, p<0.001. In REL and NR, who were all shifted to NUC, total-anti-HBc levels at EOF vs BL were 4.21, 2.52\u20135.16 Log10IU/ml, p = 0.054 and 3.99, 2.66\u20135.16, p = 0.40 respectively.In Peg-IFN\u00b1NUCs treated patients baseline total-anti-HBc levels were not significantly different in the 19 SVR  or relapse, REL , but not in non-responders, NR .The variations of serum levels of HBsAg, HBV-DNA, total-anti-HBc, IgM anti-HBc from BL to EOT were compared in Peg-IFN\u00b1NUCs treated patients according to their treatment response . Total a10IU/ml, EOT1.54, 0.00\u20134.45-Log10IU/ml,p<0.001) and REL , but not in NR . Finally, HBsAg levels declined significantly in SVR only  but not in REL  and NR .IgM-anti-HBc declined significantly in REL  but not in SVR  and NR . HBV-DNA declined significantly in both SVR , whereas they did not with IgM-anti-HBc .10IU/ml vs EOF 2.90, 1.85\u20134.02-Log10IU/ml,p<0.0001; IgM-anti-HBc BL 2.46, 0.04\u201327.3-S/CO vs EOF 0.20, 0.03\u20133.13S/CO,p<0.001; HBV-DNA, B 4.59, 0.7\u20138.11-Log10IU/ml vs EOF 0.27, 0.0\u20132.0-Log10IU/ml,p<0.0001; HBsAg BL3.27, 1.41\u20134.28 Log10IU/ml vs EOF 2.50, 0.03\u20133.13-Log10IU/ml,p = 0.0087.All HBeAg-negative-CHB patients (22) treated with NUC achieved both virologic (undetectable HBV-DNA) and biochemical  response. All serum markers of HBV infection declined significantly from BL to EOF: total-anti-HBc BL-median values of 4.58, 3.6\u20135.48-LogFinally we studied the dynamic variations of ALT and HBV markers in 18 paired sera from 9 REL after Peg-IFN at the time of their on-treatment disease remission and hepatitis-B-relapse after treatment discontinuation and in 10 paired sera from 5 untreated HBeAg-negative-CHB patients with spontaneous remissions and reactivations. In Peg-IFN-REL all biomarkers showed statistically significant variations, but HBsAg, whereas in untreated patients only ALT variations were statistically significant whereas for total-anti-HBc, IgM anti-HBc and HBV-DNA there was a trend to significance .The dynamic quantification range of the new total-anti-HBc assay allows to distinguish chronic-HBV-infection associated with HBV-induced liver disease, namely chronic-hepatitis-B (CHB), from chronic HBV infection without HBV-induced liver damage, namely non-inflammatory HBeAg-positive and inactive HBeAg-negative phases, independently from HBV-genotypes. Our validation study confirms in well characterized HBsAg-carriers infected with genotype-D- HBV the results obtained in Asian patients infected with genotype B and C ; the higAll available data support the view that q-anti-HBc is complementary to HBsAg quantification. HBsAg is a product of HBV replication, ccc-HBV-DNA transcription and viral mRNAs translation whereas total-anti-HBc is expression of the antiviral immune response against the HBV \u201ccore\u201d antigen. Our data suggest that symmetry or asymmetry of the two markers may have important diagnostic implications: high levels of HBsAg associated with low levels of total-anti-HBc are diagnostic for the immune-tolerance or florid non-inflammatory phase of HBeAg-positive HBV-infection, while high levels of both markers identify chronic hepatitis B (either HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative). In cirrhotic patients with advanced HBeAg-negative-CHB total-anti-HBc levels are high because of persistent HBV-induced liver disease whereas HBsAg may decline because of HBsAg deletion mutants which hamper HBsAg secretion. In treated patients the decline of total-anti-HBc parallel HBsAg-kinetics in patients who respond to anti-viral treatment (sustained responders to therapy), but is asymmetric with the unchanged HBsAg levels in patients whose hepatitis B recurs after treatment discontinuation (Relaspers). In addition the decline of HBsAg during antiviral therapy is HBV genotype dependent whereas the decline of total-anti-HBc is HBV genotype independent. Thus the combined used of both markers can improve the management of the HBsAg carrier consistently.In conclusion total-anti-HBc as measured by double-antigen-sandwich-immune-assay is a reliable non invasive marker of HBV-induced liver disease helpful to identify chronic-HBV-infection associated with HBV-induced liver disease. Larger prospective studies are needed address to address its significance particularly in the clinical management of NUC-treated patients.S1 Data(XLS)Click here for additional data file."}
{"text": "Journal of Biomedical Science would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 22 (2015).The editors of  L AdoriniUSAA AhmadCanadaMiho AkimotoJapanOla AliEgyptJalal AlizadehAustriaPaulo AmaralUKDoblin Anak SandaiMalaysiaKatsuyuki AozasaJapanNadezda ApostolovaSpainBahram ArjmandiUSAN AzevedoPortugalLi-Yuan BaiTaiwanAndrey BarkhashRussiaS BarrCanadaF Barreto dos SantosBrazilAlexander BaydenUSAAndrea BelinSwedenThorsten BergerCanadaBen BerkhoutNetherlandsRobbert BerkhoutNetherlandsClaudia BiondiArgentinaErnst BomhardGermanyEmanuela BostjancicSloveniaA BretscherUSAGiacomina BrunettiItalyChandana BuddhalaUSAD CanalsUSAA CarneroSpainTai-Lung ChaTaiwanD ChanHong KongJulie Y.H. ChanTaiwanNei-Li ChanTaiwanSamuel H.H. ChanTaiwanKai-Ping ChangTaiwanNan-Shan ChangTaiwanJer-Wei ChangTaiwanJang-Yang ChangTaiwanLong-Sen ChangTaiwanMing-Fu ChangTaiwanRui ChangUSAJang-Yang ChangTaiwanTsuchung ChangTaiwanWei-Chiao ChangTaiwanYu-Sun ChangTaiwanZee-Fen ChangTaiwanLee-Young ChauTaiwanWassim ChehadehKuwaitYi-Jen ChenTaiwanBing-Chang ChenTaiwanBen-Kuen ChenTaiwanChien-Chang ChenTaiwanChang-Han ChenTaiwanJau-Nian ChenUSAYung-Ming ChenTaiwanChing-Chow ChenTaiwanGuobing ChenUSAKuen-Feng ChenTaiwanPei-Jer ChenTaiwanRuey-Hwa ChenTaiwanChang-Han ChenTaiwanYa-Wen ChenTaiwanYi-Rong ChenTaiwanWei-Yu ChenTaiwanYen-Chou ChenTaiwanYi-Jen ChenTaiwanYi-Rong ChenTaiwanI CherepanovaUSAYa-Hui ChiTaiwanIng-Ming ChiuTaiwanJeng-Jiann ChiuTaiwanIl Kyu ChoUSAS ChoiKorea, SouthYu-Ting ChouTaiwanSin-Tak ChuTaiwanLee-Ming ChuangTaiwanPC ChuangTaiwanShuang-En ChuangTaiwanHuai-hu ChuangTaiwanYao-Chung ChuangTaiwanYung-Jen ChuangTaiwanR ChunUSABon-chu ChungTaiwanChih-Pin ChuuTaiwanCristina ClementUSAClementina CocuzzaItalyDawn ColettaUSAG CoombsAustraliaClark CullenUSAGuoli DaiUSANiann-Tzyy DaiTaiwanP DebreFranceJeffrey DeiuliisUSAC DissousFranceSipho DlaminiSouth AfricaW DuanUSAE EugeninUSAHua-Chang FangTaiwanKang FangTaiwanKleber FariasBrazilP FeiUSAGregg FieldsUSAJorge FilmusCanadaJanet FlatleyUKJ FrischGermanyWen-Mei FuTaiwanBruno GailletCanadaDavid GewirtzUSAPayam GharibaniUSAAnuradha GhoshUSATommaso GianiItalyStephen GinsbergUSAN GleicherUSAM GolczakUSAM GotteGermanyM GottschalkCanadaJ GreenbergerUSAR GuabiradaUKAna Paula Guedes FrazzonBrazilJih-Hwa GuhTaiwanK GurvinderAustraliaK GurvinderAustraliaB HaagmansNetherlandsCharles HalstedUSAStephen HareUKJohn HarwoodUKL HathawaySwitzerlandM Henry-StanleyUSAEdward HittiSaudi ArabiaS HladkyUKTingjun HouChinaGeorge HsiaoTaiwanPei-Wen HsiaoTaiwanChung-Bao HsiehTaiwanHsiu Mei HsiehTaiwanPatrick HsiehTaiwanPo-Shiuan HsiehTaiwanSung-Tsang HsiehTaiwanChin HsuTaiwanHsin-Ling HsuTaiwanChing-Sheng HsuTaiwanKuei-Sen HsuTaiwanYu-Juei HsuTaiwanHsin-Ling HsuTaiwanYi-Ping HsuehTaiwanTeh-Min HuTaiwanEagle Yi-Kung HuangTaiwanF HuangUSAChung-Feng HuangTaiwanYi-Tsau HuangTaiwanJing-Ding HuangTaiwanKun-Lun HuangTaiwanLi-Rung HuangTaiwanShih-Ming HuangTaiwanTze-Sing HuangTaiwanTur-Fu HuangTaiwanMenggui HuangUSAXupei HuangUSAY HuangTaiwanYishuian HuangTaiwanYing-Zu HuangTaiwanDueng-Yuan HuengTaiwanWen-Chun HungTaiwanLi-Man HungTaiwanYi-Jen HungTaiwanLiang-Yi HungTaiwanGero HutterGermanyJohn ImigUSANobue ItasakiUKJukka JernvallFinlandLan JiangUSAShih-Sheng JiangUSAZheng JiangUSAJeffrey JonesUSAYuh-Shan JouTaiwanChi-Chang JuanTaiwanSuh-Hang JuoTaiwanS JurriaansNetherlandsShinji KamadaJapanS KamiyaJapanJ KanczlerUKJ KangKorea, SouthReiji KannagiTaiwanJia-Horng KaoTaiwanMurat KasapTurkeyS KentAustraliaH KidaJapanUshio KikkawaJapanK KimUSAM KnightUSAJan KorbelGermanyJohn KungTaiwanJean-Cheng KuoTaiwanYu-Min KuoTaiwanChing-Chuan KuoTaiwanKuo-wang TsaiTaiwanDortet LaurentFranceHsuan-Shu LeeTaiwanT-C LeeTaiwanWei-Chia LeeTaiwanHuei LeeTaiwanHwan Young LeeKorea, SouthMing-Shyue LeeTaiwanShou-Dong LeeTaiwanHsin-Chen LeeTaiwanYi-Hsuan LeeTaiwanTzong-Shyuan LeeTaiwanWen-Sen LeeTaiwanYi-Hsuan LeeTaiwanYi-Chia LeeTaiwanGuey-Jen Lee-ChenTaiwanSteve LeuTaiwanEuphemia LeungNew ZealandC LiTaiwanQuanhai LiChinaHua-Jung LiTaiwanChih-Chia LiangTaiwanShu-Mei LiangTaiwanChun-Yen LinTaiwanFeng-Yen LinTaiwanKwang-Huei LinTaiwanKai-Ti LinTaiwanKuo-I LinTaiwanShuei-Liong LinTaiwanYa-Wen LinTaiwanJen-der LinTaiwanKai-Ti LinTaiwanShuWha LinTaiwanSu-Fang LinTaiwanYi-Ling LinTaiwanWen-Chang LinTaiwanWan-Wan LinTaiwanYee-Shin LinTaiwanM LinnebankGermanyJyh-Ming LiouTaiwanJun-Yang LiouTaiwanHsiao-Sheng LiuTaiwanChun-Jen LiuTaiwanFu-Tong LiuUSAChen-Hua LiuTaiwanWang-Ta LiuTaiwanShing-Hwa LiuTaiwanShih-Tung LiuTaiwanShing-Hwa LiuTaiwanKo-Jiunn LiuTaiwanY LiuUSAZ LiuUSAJeng-Fan LoTaiwanJ LouboutinJamaicaSheng-Nan LuTaiwanShao-Chun LuTaiwanChih-Cherng LuTaiwanIda Gjervold LundeUSAMarthandan MahalingamUSAM MarazziItalyT. 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WuUSAKou-Juey WuTaiwanBetty Wu-HsiehTaiwanXiwen XiongUSAJun XuUSAYemin XuUSAXiaoyu XueUSAChuen-Mao YangTaiwanChih-Wei YangTaiwanHC YangTaiwanJenq-Lin YangTaiwanMH YangTaiwanRuey-Bing YangTaiwanRong-Sen YangTaiwanSung-Sen YangTaiwanShang-Hsun YangTaiwanMuh-Hwa YangTaiwanWei-Shiung YangTaiwanSan Nan YangTaiwanYang YangUSALin YeUSAChau-Ting YehTaiwanWei-Lan YehTaiwanB. Linju YenTaiwanJiin-Cherng YenTaiwanMao-Hsiung YenTaiwanShaw-Fang YetTaiwanHon-Kan YipTaiwanMing-Lung YuTaiwanLinda Chia-Hui YuTaiwanWei-Hsuan YuTaiwanDah-Shyong YuTaiwanChiou-Hwa YuhTaiwanShaoyun ZangUSAUlrich ZangerGermanyXi ZhanUSAJing ZhangUSAD ZhangUSA"}
{"text": "Registered report: Coadministration of a tumor-penetrating peptide enhances the efficacy of cancer drugs. Published 22 May 2015In the published Registered report there was an error in the iRDG peptide sequence listed in \u2018Protocol 1: synthesis of iRDG\u2019. The sequence was incorrectly listed as H-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Lys-Gly-Pro-Asp-Cys-NH2. The correct sequence is: H-Cys-Arg-Gly-Asp-Lys-Gly-Pro-Asp-Cys-NH2.This article has been corrected accordingly."}
{"text": "In this work, we present a neural network design based on a simplified form and highly suitable for hardware implementation of the integrate-and-fire spiking neuron model for achieving locomotion in a biped robot. It is well known that bipedal walking is one of the most complex and common tasks in robots and humanoids and it is also known that this problem is generally tackled by using one type of movement at a time, e.g. forward walking . In thisOnce the network topology is configured for one of the movements, a corresponding sequence of neurons is activated as follows:Step forward: A-B-E-H-I-J-U-W\u2022 Step backward: A-B-F-L-K-V-M-X\u2022 Turn left: A-B-E-N-P-J-S-T\u2022 Turn right: C-D-G-Q-O-H-R-T\u2022"}
{"text": "AbstractScleropteroides Colonnelli, 1979 (Ceutorhynchinae: Scleropterini) was revised on the basis of detailed morphological observations. The genus was redefined to include three species from East Asia: S. hypocrita  is redescribed and recorded from northeastern China and northern Korea for the first time; S. horridulus  is redescribed with new records from southern Korea; S. insularis Voss, 1971 was moved from synonymy with S. hypocrita to that with S. horridulus (syn. n.), and S. longiprocessus Huang & Yoshitake, sp. n. is described as new, sympatric with S. hypocrita in Japan. All the species are associated with woody Rubus species (Rosaceae). A key to species, habitus photographs, illustrations of important characters, and distribution maps are provided for each species.The genus  Scleropteroides Colonnelli, 1979 is placed in the tribe Scleropterini, subfamily Ceutorhynchinae, and is characterized mainly by a rostrum expanded from the base to apex, a visible scutellar shield, subtriangular elytra, strongly convex humeri, acute squamate granules on the elytral intervals, a deep rostral channel extending to the metaventrite, and dentate femora , which was described from the Ryukyus, as a member of Scleropteroides. Scleropteroides hypocrita from South Korea. Later, Rhytidosomus insularis was synonymized with Scleropteroides hypocrita by Ceutorhynchinae, although Colonnelli did not provide any explanation of this taxonomic treatment. Recently, Homorosoma horridulum Voss, 1958 with Scleropteroides and recorded it from Taiwan. Thus, until the present paper, Scleropteroides comprises Scleropteroides hypocrita, which is known to occur in South Korea and Japan (Rubus species (Rosaceae)  , and Sclnd Japan .Scleropteroides is in need of revision. Apart from morphological differences associated with hind-wing reduction in Scleropterus, the distinction between the two genera is still insufficient because more than half of the defining characteristics of Scleropteroides are common to Scleropterus or even incorrectly described. Moreover, the taxonomic status of Rhytidosomus insularis should be revised because it shows remarkable differences from Scleropteroides hypocrita despite Colonnelli\u2019s synonymy. Scleropteroides horridulus and Scleropteroides insularis. In addition, our preliminary study suggested the presence of a new species in Japan. Finally, fundamental ecological data on Scleropteroides weevils are still needed.Presently, Scleropteroides on the basis of detailed examinations of specimens collected from various localities in East Asia. In addition, we provide distributional and ecological information on Scleropteroides species. The systematic position of the genus, relationships among species, and the geographic distribution and host plant association of each species are discussed.In this study, we revise the genus Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa/Gatineau (CMN); PageBreakLaboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Entomological (ELKU); Laboratory of Environmental Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan (EUMJ); Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (IZCAS); K. Izawa collection, Tajimi, Japan (KI); Mus\u00e9um National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN); National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan (NIAES); Natural History Museum Vienna, Wien, Austria (NHMV); S. Miyakawa collection, Kyushu University Museum, Fukuoka, Japan (SM); and Y. Shiozaki collection, Kawasaki, Japan (YS). All the descriptive work in this study was completed by J. Huang and H. Yoshitake.Specimens preserved in the following institutions and private collections were examined for this study:  = body length, from the apex of the pronotum to the apices of elytraLB;  = rostrum length, from a lateral viewLR;  = maximum width of pronotumWP;  = pronotum length, from the base to the apex along the midlineLP;  = maximum width of elytraWE; and  = length of elytra, from the base of humeri to the apex of elytraLE. All measurements are in millimeters. Habitus photographs were taken using a Nikon Coolpix995 digital camera attached to a Nikon SMZ1500 stereoscopic microscope. To examine terminalia, the specimens were macerated in hot water and dissected under a stereoscopic microscope. The abdomen was removed from the body and then cleaned in hot 10% KOH solution for 5\u201310 min. Terminalia were extracted from the abdomen and mounted on slides with glycerol  or pure water , examined using a Nikon Eclipse 55i optical microscope, and illustrated in detail using a camera lucida. Scale bars were calibrated using a Nikon objective micrometer. Details of some external structures were observed with a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi 3000-N). Plant nomenclature follows Scleropteroides hypocrita from Korea , and a rostral channel extending to the metaventrite. However, it is easily distinguishable from Scleropterus mainly by the bisinuate basal margin of the pronotum , venter, and pygidium black; antennae, apical part of prothorax, and tarsi paler.Vestiture. Body surface evenly covered with ochreous pollinosity in life. Head mainly covered with brown clavate scales, mixed with white scales; vertex with scales directed medially; forehead with scales directed basally; basal margin and median carina fringed with white ovate recumbent scales. Rostrum covered with clavate scales on basal 2/3; scales directed basally, gradually becoming smaller toward apex, replaced by hair-like scales on apical 1/3. Prothorax mainly covered with very similar scales as those on head, with longitudinal stripe of white ovate recumbent scales on median and lateral parts; each scale directed basally. Elytra Ceuthorrhynchidius hypocrita Hustache, 1916: 126 . \u2013 Ceuthorrhynchidius hypocritus (incorrect subsequent spelling): Rhytidosomus (Rhytidosomus) holdhausi Wagner, 1944: 59 (\u201cS\u00fcd-Japan\u201d). \u2013 Homorosoma horridulum : Scleropteroides hypocritaRubus spp.);  : Colonnelli, 1979: 216. \u2013 Rhytidosomus holdhausiScleropteroides hypocrita). : Scleropteroides hypocritusRubus spp.). : Rhytidosoma (Rhytidosoma) holdhausiScleropteroides hypocrita). : This species is characterized by the following characters: prothorax moderately constricted in the subapical part Fig. ; elytra LB: 2.18\u20132.66 . LR: 0.96\u20131.11 . WP: 0.94\u20131.08 . LP: 0.78\u20130.97 . WE: 1.48\u20131.79 . LE: 1.50\u20131.82 . N = 10 for all measurements. Habitus as shown in Figs Vestiture. Clavate scales short and semirecumbent on head, basal 2/3 of rostrum, and pronotum. Hair-like scales fine and semirecumbent on apical 1/3 of rostrum. Scales on elytral intervals . LR: 1.05\u20131.31 . WP: 0.95\u20131.11 . LP: 0.80\u20130.97 . WE: 1.54\u20131.89 . LE: 1.57\u20131.82 . N = 11 for all measurements.Rostrum . HOLOTYPE OF RHYTIDOSOMUS (RHYTIDOSOMUS) HOLDHAUSI WAGNER, 1944: 1 male (NHMV), \"Rorelz/1875/S\u00fcd/Japan\" (hand-written on grayish card); \"\u2642\" (typed on white card); \"Typus\" (typed on orange card); \"H\u00ffshichosoma/det.H.Wagner/Holdhausi m./T\u00ffpe! \u2642\" ; \"TYPUS\" (typed on red card); \"Holdhausi/Jap. Wagn.\" (hand-written on grayish card); \"Scleropteroides/hypocrita /E. Colonnelli det. 1991\" . CHINA: Liaoning. 1 male and 1 female, Benxi, 41\u00b017'N, 123\u00b044'E, 3-VI-1963, H. Li 896779 and 896770). 1 male, Anshan, Qianshan, 41\u00b005'N, 123\u00b006'E, 9-VI-1963, H. Li 896773). 1 male and 1 female, Fengcheng, Tongyuanpu, 40\u00b017'N, 123\u00b055'E, 30-VI-1963, H. Li 896771\u2013896772). Heilongjiang. 2 males and 2 females, Ercengdianzi, 45\u00b026'N, 127\u00b007'E, 15\u201322-VI-1941 896474\u2013896477). D.P.R. KOREA: Pyonganbukdo. 1 female, Mt. Myohyang-San, Around Habiro, 200\u2013550 m, 29-VI- 2009, C. Han (NIAES). Pyeongyangjikhalsi. PyongYang-City, around Mt. RyongAk-San, near Suna-river: 1 male and 2 females, 18-V-2012, C. Han (NIAES); 1 female, 19\u201322-V-2012, C. Han (NIAES). R. KOREA: Gangwondo. 3 males and 5 females, Chuncheongun, Dongmyeon, Gamjeongri, 21-V-1992, K. Morimoto (ELKU). 3 males and 1 female, Chuncheongun, 11-VI-1997, K. Morimoto (ELKU). Gyeonggido. Pocheongun, Kwangnung: 2 males and 3 females, 16-V-1984, K. Morimoto (ELKU); 1 male and 1 female, 14\u201319-V-1992, M. T. Chujo (ELKU). Gyeongsangbukdo. 1 male and 1 female, Yeonggi, 14-VI-1997, K. Morimoto (ELKU). Gyeongsangnamdo. 1 female, Mt. Jirisan, Daesungri, 8-VI-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU). 1 female, Mt. Jirisan, Bycjum Valley, 9-VI-1983, Lee Lab (ELKU). 1 female, Mt. Jirisan, Yeongsinbong\u2013Samsinbong, 17-VI-1994, H. Kojima (ELKU). 1 female, Mt. Jirisan, Piagol, 30-V-2000, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 1 male, Mt. Jirisan, Simweon, 31-V-2000, S. Kamitani (NIAES). 1 male, Mt. Jirisan, 31-V-2000, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). Hamyanggun, Macheonmyeon, Samjeongri, Mt. Jirisan: 2 males and 2 females, 9-V-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU); 1 male, 9-V-1991, K. Morimoto (ELKU); 3 females, 11-V-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU); 2 males and 3 females, 15-V-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU); 4 males and 1 female, 6-VI-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU); 2 males and 2 females, Samjeongrurak, 7-VI-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU); 1 male, 14-VII-1991, K. Morimoto (ELKU); 13 males and 17 females, 15-V-1991, K. Morimoto (ELKU); 6 males and 6 females, 14-VI-1994, H. Kojima (NIAES); 5 females, 516 m, 35\u00b021'09.2\"N, 127\u00b038'58.8\"E, 5-V-2005, H. Yoshitake, on Rubus crataegifolius (NIAES). Jeollabukdo. 1 male and 1 female, Namwongun, Manbok Valley, 1-VI-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU). 1 male and 5 females, Namwongun, Deongdong Valley, 7-VI-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU). 1 male, Namwongun, Nogodan, 12-VII-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU). 3 males and 1 female, Namwongun, Deongdongri, 19-VI-1994, H. Kojima (ELKU). Namwongun, Sannaemyeon, Simwon Valley: 1 female, 10-V-1991, K. Morimoto (ELKU); 1 male and 3 females, 13-V-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU). Namwongun, Sannaemyeon, Jeonglyongchy: 2 females, 12-V-1991, K. Morimoto (ELKU); 1 male and 1 female, 14-V-1991, K. Morimoto (ELKU); 1 male and 1 female, 5-VI-1991, J. D. Bae; 1 male, 12-VI-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU). JAPAN: Hokkaido. 1 male, Hidaka, 11-VII-83, Y. Shiozaki (YS). 8 males and 4 females, Taisei, Hirahama, 7-VI-2003, T. Miyata (NIAES). 1 male and 1 female, Kamiiso, Tomigawa, Hosokomatazawa, 27-VI-1993, T. Miyata (NIAES). 1 female, Fukushima, Mitake, 13-VI-1998, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 1 male and 2 females, Assabuchou, Shimizu, 14-VI-1998, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). Honshu. AOMORI. Shimokita-hantou Peninsula, Oohata, Yunomata: 1 female, 16-VII-1956, K. Morimoto (ELKU); 1 female, 26-VII-1956, K. Morimoto (ELKU). 1 male and 1 female, Misawa, Yachigashira, 7-VI-2007, K. Morimoto (NIAES). 1 male, Hachinohe, Tanesashi-kaigan, 10-VI-2007, K. Morimoto (NIAES). IWATE. 1 male and 2 females, Miyako, Kamegamori, 15-VI-1986, K. Emoto (NIAES). 2 females, Sawauchi, Yasugasawa, 31-V-1998, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 2 males and 1 female, Hanamaki, Toyosawa-rindou, 338\u2013313 m, 39\u00b028'36.2\"\u201339\u00b029'08.6\"N, 140\u00b056'15.7\"\u2013140\u00b056'32.9\"E, 8-VI-2007, H. Yoshitake, on R. crataegifolius (NIAES). 1 male and 1 female, Kawai, Yoshibezawa, 9-VI-2007, K. Morimoto (NIAES). 1 male, Kuji, Ootsuki-touge Pass, 10-VI-2007, K. Morimoto (NIAES). 1 male and 3 females, Kawai, Tsuchisaka-touge Pass, 12-VI-2007, J. Kantoh (NIAES). 1 male, Matsukusa, 800 m, 21-VI-1989, M. J. Sharkey (CMN). 3 males and 2 females, \u201cMt. Hyacinthe\u201d (most probably an error in writing Mt. Hayachine), 500 m, 21-VI-1989, M. J. Sharkey (CMN). MIYAGI. 1 male and 3 females, Marumori, Fudou, 5-V-1994, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 1 female, Shichigashuku, Inago, 20-V-1994, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 1 female, Shiroishi, Mizubashounomori, 27-VI-1994, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). AKITA. Lake Tazawako: 2 females, 4-VI-1969, S. Miyakawa (SM); 3 males, 12-VI-1971, S. Miyakawa (SM); 1 male and 1 female, 15-VI-1971, S. Miyakawa (SM). 3 males and 2 females, Karabuki-shitsugen, Kuroyu, 12-VI-1974, S. Miyakawa (SM). 2 females, Hiyagata\u2013Kunimi-onsen, 16-VI-1974, S. Miyakawa (SM). 3 males and 2 females, Senboku, Nishiki, Ainai, 10-VI-1983, S. Miyakawa (SM). YAMAGATA. 1 female, Yonezawa, Kariyasu, 15-VI-1975, S. Miyakawa (SM). 5 males and 4 females, Mt. Zaousan, Yoshikari-rindou, 18-VI-1983, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male, Oguni, Kotamagawa, 300 m, 6-VI-2005, H. Hirano (NIAES). 1 female, Oguni, Tamagawa, 120\u2013150 m, 6-VI-2005, H. Hirano (NIAES). FUKUSHIMA. 1 female, Kamitoriwata, 20-VI-1976 (NIAES). Iwaki, Eda: 2 males and 1 female, 25-V-1980, Y. Shiozaki (YS). 3 males and 3 females, Minamiaizu, Funamata-rindou, 20-V-1983, S. Miyakawa (SM). 2 males, Namie, 30-IV-1994, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). Haranomachi, Yokokawa, Akane-rindou: 1 male, 15-VI-1984, K. Kinugasa (NIAES); 1 male, 31-V-1987, H. Ebihara (NIAES). Haranomachi, Kozikiishi-rindou: 11 males and 28 females, 4-VI-1988, S. Miyakawa (SM); 1 male, 4-VI-1988, S. Miyakawa (NIAES); 14 males and 9 females, 5-VI-1988, S. Miyakawa (SM). Hinoemata: 1 male, 14-VI-1980, Y. Shiozaki (YS); 1 female, 20-VI-1990, H. Kojima (ELKU); 2 females, Mikawa-rindou, 24-VI-1990, K. Yoshihara (SM). 1 male and 1 female, Nishigou, Yukiuribashi, 3-V-2002, S. Mizunoya (NIAES). 1 female, Nishigou, Daijou, 22-V-2002, S. Mizunoya (NIAES). Nishigou, Mabune: 1 male and 2 females, 650 m, 3-VI-2005 (NIAES), H. Hirano; 1 male and 1 female, 770 m, 3-VI-2005, H. Hirano (NIAES); 6 males and 8 females, 3-VI-2005, H. Yoshitake, on Rubus sp. (NIAES). IBARAKI. 3 males and 7 females, Mt. Yamizosan, Shimokitazawa, 28-V-1988, Y. Kurosawa (SM). 1 female, Takahagi, 29-V-1996, H. Takizawa (NIAES). TOCHIGI. 1 female, Mt. Sukaizan, 4\u20135-VII-1971, H. Takizawa (NIAES). 1 male and 1 female, Nishinasuno, 8-V-1977, S. Miyakawa (SM). 4 males and 3 females, Nikko, Kashiwagi, 16-V-1982, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male, Nikko, Nebazawadani, 19-VII-1940, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male, Fujiwara, Midorizawa-rindou, 21-V-1989, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Nasu, Toyahara, 13-VII-1996, H. Takizawa (NIAES). 1 female, Nasu, Mt. Minamigassan, 20-VII-1996, H. Takizawa (NIAES). 2 males and 1 female, Nasu-kougen, 1200\u20131500 m, 7-VI-2005, H. Hirano (NIAES). 4 males and 3 females, Nishinasuno, N. G. R. I., 500 m, 10-VIII-1989, M. J. Sharkey (CMN). GUNMA. 1 male and 1 female, Utsunomiya, 6-V-1968, H. Takizawa (NIAES). 2 females, Mt. Hotakayama, 13\u201315-VII-1975, H. Irie (ELKU). 1 female, Akagi, 21-V-1967 (SM). 1 male, Akagi, Akagi-shizenen, 9\u201310-V-1988, S. Saito (NIAES). 1 female, Akagi, Mt. Akagisan, 3-VI-1997, T. Ishikawa (NIAES). 1 male, Oku-tone, Lake Fujiwarako, 13-V-1990, S. Tsuyuki (NIAES). 4 males and 5 females, Niiharu, Amemi-rindou, 4-V-1998, S. Arai (NIAES). 5 males and 5 females, near Mt. Aneyama, 19-V-2001, S. Arai (NIAES). Matsuida, Kirizumi-onsen: 1 female, 27-V-1989, K. Matsumoto (NIAES); 1 male and 1 female, 27-V-1989, H. Kojima (NIAES); 1 male and 1 female, 17-V-1998, S. Arai (NIAES). SAITAMA. 2 males and 2 females, Shoumaru-touge Pass, 9-V-1976, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male, Minano, Shimohinozawa, Sawabe, 1-VI-1984, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Ootaki, near Taiyouji, 4-VII-1999, S. Arai (NIAES). CHIBA. 4 males and 2 females, Mt. Kiyosumiyama\u2013Kenminnomori, 31-III-1979, J. Okuma (SM). 1 female, Bousou-hantou Peninsula, Mt. Kiyosumiyama, 30-IV-1991, S. Tsuyuki (NIAES). TOKYO. 1 male, Mitakadai, 30-V-1941, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male and 1 female, Mitaka, 25-V-1948, S. Miyakawa (SM). Mt. Oodakeyama: 1 male and 2 females, 21-V-1942, S. Miyakawa (SM); 4 males and 2 females, 24-V-1942, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Mt. Mitakesan, 15-V-1966 (SM). 1 female, Itsukaichi, Kariyose, 20-IV-1968, Y. Hasegawa (SM). Mt. Mitousan: 1 female, 4-V-1968, H. Takizawa; 1 male and 1 female, 27-V-1968, H. Takizawa (NIAES). 2 males and 2 females, Mt. Jinbasan, 6-V-1974, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male, Hinohara, Yazawa-rindou, 18-V-1997, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). Hachiouji: 3 males and 1 female, 1-V-1938, S. Miyakawa (SM); 1 male and 1 female, 1-V-1966 (SM); 2 males, 1-V-1966, S. Miyakawa (SM). Hachiouji, Uratakao, Kogesawa-rindou: 1 male, 30-IV-1938, S. Miyakawa (SM); 2 males and 2 females, 350\u2013550 m, 35\u00b038'30\"\u201335\u00b039'27\" N, 139\u00b011'57\"\u2013139\u00b014'30\" E, 17-V-2005, H. Yoshitake, on R. crataegifolius (NIAES). Okutama: 1 female, 9-V-1968, Hasegawa (SM); 1 male, 29-IV-1980, Y. Shiozaki (YS). 3 males and 4 females, Okutama, Kurasawadani, 6-V-1948, S. Miyakawa (SM). 2 males and 5 females, Okutama, Nippara, 24-V-1970, K. Unno (SM). 1 male and 1 female, Okutama, Unazawa, 7-V-1982, K. Shiozaki (YS). 2 males and 1 female, Okutama, Asamaone, 2-V-1992, K. Matsumoto (NIAES). KANAGAWA. 1 male, Yokohama, Motomachi, 29-VI-1970, S. Miyakawa (SM). 2 females, Hakone, Mt. Daigatake, Kozuka, 24-V-1979, S. Miyakawa (SM). Hadano, Mizunashigawa: 1 male, 29-IV-1983, K. Shiozaki (YS); 1 male, 29-IV-1983, Y. Shiozaki (YS). 1 female, Hadano, Yabitsu-touge Pass, 30-V-1983, K. Shiozaki (YS). 1 male, Yamakita, Mikuni-touge Pass, 23-V-1994, Y. Notsu (NIAES). 1 female, Tsukui, Kaminokawa-rindou, 21-V-1995, Y. Goto (NIAES). NIIGATA. 1 male, Kamikawa, 3-VI-2000, K. Takahashi (NIAES). FUKUI. 2 males and 5 females, Kanazu, Mt. Kariyasuyama, 20-V-1989, S. Inoue (ELKU). YAMAMASHI. 1 female, Mt. Mishotaisan, 17-VII-1940, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male and 1 female, Shirosu, 7-VI-1958 (ELKU). 1 female, Uenohara, 17-IV-1968 (SM). 1 male, Kawamura, Akiyama, 4-V-1969, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male, Lake Saiko, 27-V-1970, K. Unno (SM). 1 female, Ootsuki, Tomioka, 17-V-1976, S. Miyakawa (SM). 14 males and 19 females, Ootsuki, Koganezawa-rindou, 30-V-1980, J. Okuma (SM). 1 female, Mt. Fujisan, Subaru-line, 2000 m, 3-VI-1977, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Mt. Yatsugatake, 26-V-1979, A. Seki (NIAES). 16 males and 14 females, Koganezawa, 2-VI-1980, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Daibosatsu-touge Pass, 8-VI-1968, Y. Hasegawa (SM). Enzan, Hikawa-rindou: 1 male, 1-VII-1982, M. Sawai (SM); 1 male and 1 female, 2-VII-1982, M. Sawai (SM). 1 female, Mt. Kushigatayama, Maruyama-rindou, 23-IV-1984, S. Tsuyuki (NIAES). 2 males, Akeno, Manjuu-touge Pass, 6-VI-1986, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male, Kanayama, 1-VII-1989, T. Nonaka (NIAES). Ashiyasu, Hirogawara: 1 male, 24-V-1969, Y. Hasegawa (SM); 1 female, 8-VI-1989, H. Kojima (NIAES); 1 male and 1 female, 1529 m, 17-VI-1990, S. Miyakawa (SM); 1 female, 20-VI-1993, T. Horiguchi (NIAES). 1 male and 1 female, Nirasaki, Mt. Kayagatake, 16-V-1996, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Tabayama, Sanjounoyu, 20-V-1999 (NIAES). NAGANO. 1 female, Mt. Nyuukasayama, 6-VI-1942, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male and 3 females, Nagano, Uematsu, VI-1957, K. Matsuo (SM). 1 male and 1 female, Ina, Onasawa, 6-VI-1962, K. Oshima (ELKU). 1 male, Shimajimadani, VI-1970, N. Nino (SM). 1 female, Tobira-onsen, 26-VI-1974, H. Hayakawa (SM). 1 female, Kisofukushima, Higashiyama, 19-VII-1986, K. Matsui (SM). 1 female, Kisofukushima, 21-VIII-1988, K. Matsui (SM). 1 female, Kisofukushima, Uyama, 29-VIII-1988, K. Matsui (SM). 1 male, Kisofukushima, Kibio, 18-IX-1988, K. Matsui (SM). 1 male and 1 female, Kisokoma-kougen, Kibio, 21-VIII-1989, K. Matsui (SM). 1 male and 2 females, Nakakawa, 1-V-1998, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 1 female, Hara, Pension Village, 2\u20134-VII-1998, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). GIFU. 1 male, Mt. Hakusan, 29-VI-2002, H. Hirano (NIAES). 1 female, Takane, Hiwada-kougen, 1-X-1989, K. Matsui (SM). 6 exs., Toki, 12-V-2010, K. Izawa, on R. trifidus (KI). SHIZUOKA. 1 female, Shinfuji, 30-IV-1989, N. Niwa (NIAES). 1 female, Honkawane, Sessokyou, 9\u201310-V-1992, T. Kishimoto (NIAES). Izu-hantou Peninsula: 2 males and 1 female, Kyuu-amagi-touge Pass, 3-V-1972, S. Miyakawa (SM); 2 males and 3 females, Mt. Nekkodake, 19-V-1974, S. Miyakawa (SM); 21 males and 16 females, Okuhara-rindou, 22-VI-1977, J. Okuma (SM); 2 females, Mt. Toogasayama, 17-V-1980, J. Okuma (SM); 1 male, Izu Okawa, 3-VI-1989, H. Takizawa (NIAES). AICHI. 8 males and 6 females, Kasugai, Hosono, 1-V-1991, H. Kojima (ELKU). Toyota, on R. trifidus: 5 exs., Oobora, Nikake-rindou, 3-V-2010, K. Izawa (KI); 6 exs., Nishiichinonochou, 8-V-2013, K. Izawa (KI); 7 exs., Asugawachou, Asugawa-hoan-rindou, 8-V-2013, K. Izawa (KI). MIE. Misugi, Hirakura: 1 male, 2-VI-1985, T. Imamura (NIAES); 3 females, 600\u2013700 m, 15\u201317-V-2005, H. Hirano, on R. crataegifolius (NIAES). 1 male, Fujigawa, Mt. Suzugadake, 600 m, 3-V-2002, S. Arai (NIAES). 4 exs., Komonochou, Komono, 15-V-2013, K. Izawa, on R. microphyllus (KI). SHIGA. 1 male and 1 female, Mt. Ibukiyama, 220 m, 3-VI-1990, S. Miyakawa (SM). KYOTO. 1 male, Sugi-touge Pass, 29-V-1977, M. Sawai (SM). HYOGO. 1 male, Haga, Akasai-keikoku, 3-V-1993, S. Tsuyuki (NIAES). NARA. 1 female, Gose, Mt. Kongousan, 1100 m, 4-VII-1998, T. Kishimoto (NIAES). WAKAYAMA. 1 male and 1 female, Mt. Gomadanzan, 7\u20138-VI-1997, T. Ito (NIAES). 1 female, Nakahechi, Mizukami, 28-IV-2003, H. Hirano (NIAES). 1 male, Arida, Kamiyukawa, 19-V-1973, I. Matoba (ELKU). TOTTORI. 1 male and 1 female, Wakasa, Mt. Hyounosen, 7-VI-1987, K. Yoshihara (SM). SHIMANE. 1 female, Okinoshima I., Mt. Takuhiyama, 13-V-1975, J. Okuma (SM). OKAYAMA. 4 males and 1 female, Yubara, Yubara-onsen, 21-V-1991, H. Nakamura (NIAES). 1 male, Hokubou, Kamimizuta, 8-V-1982, K. Yoshihara (SM). 1 female, Iwayadani, 4-V-1981, K. Yoshihara (SM). 1 male and 1 female, Kawakami, Myouren-keikoku, 27-VI-1982, K. Yoshihara. HIROSHIMA. 1 female, Kouzan, Bessako, 10-V-1996 (ELKU). 1 female, Yoshiwa, 11-V-1976, K. Baba (ELKU). Shikoku. TOKUSHIMA. 1 male, Sanuki Mts., Mt. Ryuuousan, 17-VIII-1989, K. Matsumoto (NIAES). EHIME. 5 males and 5 females, Omogokei, 18\u201319-V-1968, K. Hatta (EUMJ). 1 male, Iyomishima, Tomisato, 3\u20135-VIII-1974, G. Tokihiro (EUMJ). 4 males and 6 females, Houjou, Kukawa, 22-IV-1977, A. Oda (EUMJ). Kyushu. FUKUOKA. Mt. Hikosan: 1 male, 18-VI-1965, K. Takeno (ELKU); 1 female, 12-VI-1965, S. Kimoto (ELKU); 1 female, 17-V-1971, M. T. Chujo (ELKU); 2 males and 1 female, 30-V-1995, K. Morimoto (ELKU). 1 male, Mt. Tachibanayama, 23-IV-1997, H. Kojima (ELKU). SAGA. 1 female, Sefuri Mts., 28-IV-2002, H. Hirano (NIAES). 16 males and 13 females, Mt. Kusenbuyama, Hakotani-rindou, 8-V-2005, H. Yoshitake, on R. crataegifolius (NIAES). NAGASAKI. Tsushima I.: 1 female, Mt. Ooboshiyama, 16-VII-1981, Y. Syouno (ELKU); 1 male, Izuhara, Mt. Ariakeyama, 5\u20139-V-1997, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 2 males and 1 female, Tashirobaru, 29-IV-1979, S. Imasaka (NIAES). 1 male, Taradake Mts., Mt. Gokaharadake, 12-VI-1979, S. Imasaka (NIAES). Shimabara, Sanbuki: 1 male and 1 female, 7-V-1976, S. Imasaka (NIAES); 1 male, 10-V-1976, S. Imasaka (NIAES); 6 females, 17-V-1976, S. Imasaka (NIAES); 1 female, 21-V-1976, S. Imasaka (NIAES); 1 male and 2 females, 22-V-1976, S. Imasaka (NIAES). Shimabara, Akamatsudani: 3 females, 24-V-1980, S. Imasaka (NIAES); 1 male, 27-V-1980, S. Imasaka (NIAES). 2 females, Sasebo, Mt. Hattendake, 23-V-1982, S. Miyakawa (SM). 3 males and 2 females, Kawatana, Kobagou, 27-V-1984, J. Okuma (SM). OITA. Kuju Mts., Mt. Kurodake: 1 female, 29-VII-1979, S. Imasaka (NIAES); 1 male, 9-VI-1985, K. Konishi (ELKU); 2 males, Oike-enchi, 7-VI-2002, H. Hirano (NIAES). 1 female, Kuju Mts., Jizoubaru, 28-V-1987, K. Morimoto (ELKU). 1 male, Kuju Mts., Bougatsuru, 27-V-1988, K. Morimoto (ELKU). 1 male and 2 females, Kuju Mts., Choujabaru, 22-V-1999, K. Morimoto (ELKU). MIYAZAKI. 1 male, Ebino, Shiratori-onsen, 30-IV-1991, K. Morimoto (ELKU).HOLOTYPE: 1 female (MNHN), \u201cMont Takao/pr\u00e8s Hachi\u00f4ji/Japon 30-5-08/Edme Gallois; MUSEUM PARIS/NIPPON MOYEN/E. GALLOIS 1912; China (Liaoning and Heilongjiang \u2013 new record), Korea , Japan  Fig. .Rubus idaeus L. subsp. melanolasius Focke f. concolor (Kom.) Ohwi in Korea (Rubus crataegifolius Bunge with flower buds and Rubus pungens Camb. var. oldhamii (Miq.) Maxim. with flowers. In Japan, adults have been collected on many occasions from Rubus species, such as Rubus crataegifolius, Rubus microphyllus, and Rubus trifidus. In Toyosawa-rindou, Iwate, Honshu . LR: 0.97\u20131.08 . WP: 0.95\u20131.00 . LP: 0.76\u20130.85 . WE: 1.49\u20131.62 . LE: 1.53\u20131.66 . N = 10 for all measurements. Habitus as shown in Figs Vestiture. Clavate scales slightly longer and semierect on head, basal 2/3 of rostrum, and pronotum. Scales on elytral intervals . LR: 0.97\u20131.15 . WP: 0.90\u20131.07 . LP: 0.74\u20130.86 . WE: 1.43\u20131.64 . LE: 1.46\u20131.68 . N = 10 for all measurements.Rostrum /[JN: Nagaba-momiji-ichigo] with flowers\u201d (print ed on white card); \u201c[ HOLOTYPE ] Male/Scleropteroides/longiprocessus/Huang & Yoshitake, 2008\u201d (typed on red card). PARATYPES. JAPAN: Honshu. IWATE. 1 male and 1 female, Miyako, Genbehdaira, 9-VI-2007, K. Morimoto (NIAES). 2 males and 6 females, Tsuchisaka-touge Pass, Kawai, 12-VI-2007, J. Kantoh (NIAES). MIYAGI. 1 male, Naruse, Miyatojima I., V-1995, M. Kodama (NIAES). 1 male and 2 females, Sendai, Mt. Banzan, 20-V-1995, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). AKITA. 1 male and 1 female, Lake Tazawako, 15-VI-1974, S. Miyakawa (SM). YAMAGATA. 2 males and 3 females, Mt. Zaousan, Yoshikari-rindou, 18-VI-1983, S. Miyakawa (SM). FUKUSHIMA. Haranomachi, Kozikiishi-rindou: 1 male, 30-V-1987, H. Ebihara (NIAES); 1 male, 5-VI-1988, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Haranomachi, Akanesawa-rindou, 5-VI-1988, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Namie, 30-IV-1994, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 1 male, Iizaka, Moniwa, Yakematsu, 1-V-1997, S. Saito (NIAES). IBARAKI. Mt. Yamizosan, Shimokitazawa: 7 males and 1 female, 1022 m, 28-V-1988, S. Miyakawa (SM); 1 male and 2 females, 28-V-1988, Y. Kurosawa (SM). TOCHIGI. 1 male and 2 females, Nikko, Kashiwagi, 16-V-1982, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male and 1 female, Shiobara, Hikinuma, 19-V-1989, S. Miyakawa (SM). 3 males and 1 female, Mt. Shibakusayama, 18-V-1990, H. Kojima (ELKU). GUNMA. 1 male and 1 female, Matsuida, Kirizumi-onsen, 16-V-1998, S. Arai (NIAES). 2 males and 2 females, Niiharu, Amemi-rindou, 4-V-1998, S. Arai (NIAES). 1 female, Fujiwara, Nakanosawa-rindou, 19-V-1989, S. Miyakawa (SM). 6 males and 4 females, Fujiwara, Midorizawa-rindou, 29-V-1989, S. Miyakawa (SM). NIIGATA. Kurokawa: 1 female, 28-IV-1973, K. Baba (ELKU); 2 females, 26-V-1976, K. Baba (ELKU); 1 female, 24-V-1980, K. Baba (ELKU). 1 male and 1 female, Teradomari, Enjouji, 21\u201323-V-1996, K. Ishida (NIAES). 1 male, Sadogashima I., Nagaishihama, 22-VII-1970, K. Baba (ELKU). FUKUI. 2 males and 1 female, Obama, Shimonegouri, 6-V-1979, H. Sasaji (ELKU). YAMANASHI. 1 female, Mt. Fujisan, Fuji-rindou, 23-VI-1983, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male, Ootsuki, Nanaho, 9-V-1976, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Ootsuki, Koganezawa-rindou, 30-V-1980, J. Okuma (SM). NAGANO. 1 female, Tobira-onsen, 26-VI-1985, H. Hayakawa (SM). 5 males, Nagiso, 29-IV-1998, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 2 males and 1 female, Iida, Hatouchi-rindou, 29\u201330-IV-1998, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 2 males, Nakakawa, 1-V-1998, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). GIFU. Nakatsugawa, Kamisaka: 1 female, 13-VI-1987, S. Miyakawa (SM); 1 female, 13-VI-1987, K. Morimoto (ELKU). 5 exs., Nakatsugawa, Nenoue-kougen, 6-V-2013, K. Izawa, on R. palmatus var. coptophyllus (KI). SHIZUOKA. 1 female, Shinfuji, 30-IV-1989, N. Niwa (NIAES). 5 males and 6 females, Nakaizu, Mt. Amagisan, 3-V-1990, H. Kojima (ELKU). 1 male and 4 females, Mt. Ooyama, 5-V-1993, Y. Notsu (NIAES). 3 males and 1 female, Shizuoka, Umegashima, 15-V-1993, T. Kishimoto (NIAES). Izu-hantou Peninsula: 3 males and 1 female, Hacchouike Pond, Amagi-touge Pass, 28-V-1972, S. Miyakawa (SM); 1 female, Kamo, Oogusu, 11-V-1980, J. Okuma (SM); 1 female, Hacchouike Pond\u2013Kantenbashi, 14-V-1980, J. Okuma (SM). 1 male, Umegashima, 15\u201316-V-1993, H. Sato (NIAES). 1 female, Shizuoka, Nakaizu, Amagi-kougen, 31-V-1987, S. Miyakawa (SM). AICHI. 6 exs., Shitara, Mt. Nishinagura-Iyama, 29-V-2010, K. Izawa, on R. palmatus var. coptophyllus (KI). Toyota, on R. palmatus var. coptophyllus: 5 exs., Nishiichinonochou, 8-V-2013, K. Izawa, (KI); 4 exs., Asugawachou, Asugawa-hoan-rindou, 8-V-2013, K. Izawa (KI); 2 exs., Inabuchou, Noirigawa, 22-V-2013, K. Izawa (KI). SAITAMA. 1 female, Mt. Kasayama, 26-V-1967, H. Takizawa (NIAES). 1 male, Saitama Yokote, 28-IV-1974, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Lake Miyazawako, 11-V-1975, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 male, Shoumaru-touge Pass, 9-V-1976, S. Miyakawa (SM). CHIBA. 1 female, Mt. Kiyosumiyama\u2013Kenminnomori, 31-V-1979, J. Okuma (SM). TOKYO. 1 female, Okutama, Kurasawadani, 19-VI-1938, S. Miyakawa (SM). Nishitama, Mt. Oodakeyama: 1 male, 21-V-1942, S. Miyakawa (SM); 2 males and 1 female, 15-V-1966, S. Miyakawa (SM). Hachiouji, Mt. Takaosan: 1 female, 30-V-1980, Y. Shiozaki (YS); 1 male and 1 female, 23-VI-1996, H. Yoshitake (NIAES); 5 exs., 22-V-2010, K. Izawa, on R. palmatus var. coptophyllus (KI). Hachiouji, Mt. Takaosan, Kogesawa-rindou: 3 males, 14-V-1944, S. Miyakawa (SM); 1 male and 1 female, 1\u20132-V-1999, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 5 males and 5 females, Hachiouji, Mt. Takaosan, Path 6, 240\u2013599 m, 35\u00b037'30\"\u201335\u00b037'50\"N, 139\u00b014'36\"\u2013139\u00b015'43\"E, 15-V-2005, R. palmatus var. coptophyllus, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 1 female, Hachiouji, Kitano, 14-IV-1968, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Inagi, Yomiuri Land, 17-V-1974, S. Miyakawa (SM). KANAGAWA. 1 male, Mikuni-touge Pass, 7-VI-1970, H. Takizawa (NIAES). 1 female, Mt. Ooyama, 2-VI-1981, S. Miyakawa (SM). 2 males, Yokohama, Nakayama, 3-V-1983, S. Miyakawa (SM). 1 female, Hakone, Oowakudani, 15-VI-1985, S. Tsuyuki (NIAES). Hadano: 1 female, Mt. Koubouyama, 24-IV-1983, Y. Shiozaki (YS); 1 male, 30-IV-1990, H. Takizawa (NIAES). 1 female, Tanzawa Mts., Mizunashigawa, 30-IV-1983, Y. Shiozaki (YS). Hadano, Yabitsu-touge Pass: 1 female, Yabitsu, 1-VII-1983, K. Shiozaki (YS); 1 female, 29-IV, K. Suzuki (ELKU). YAMANASHI. 1 female, Akaishi-sanmyaku Range, Norogawa-rindou, 5-VI-1983, Y. Shiozaki (YS). MIE. 1 female, Ninomata\u2013Owase, 26-VI-1960, H. Ichihashi (NIAES). 1 male, Komono, Unbomine, 28-IV-1985, A. Amagasu (ELKU). 1 female, Shiga, Mt. Ibukiyama, 10-VI-1990, H. Takizawa (NIAES). 1 female, Toba, Mastuno, Mt. Aonomineyama, 19-V-1996, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 8 males and 6 females, Toba, Toushijima I., 10-IV-1996, K. Ishida (NIAES). 1 male, Misugi, Hirakura, 7\u20138-VI-1997, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). NARA. 1 female, Kawakami, Mt. Wasamatayama, 8-VII-1995, A. Yoshida (NIAES). 1 male, Mt. Miyama, 7-VII-1989, S. Yamada (NIAES). OKAYAMA. 2 males and 1 female, Kamo, Kurami, 29-VI-1985, K. Watanabe (SM). 2 females, Tetta, Mt. Aratoyama, 16-V-1982, K. Yoshihara (SM). 1 male, Takahashi, Mt. Gagyuusan, 5-V-1984, K. Yoshihara (SM). Izu Islands. 1 female, Kouzushima I., Maehama\u2013Tsuzukizawa, 9-V-1979, J. Okuma (SM). Shikoku. TOKUSHIMA. 1 female, Haranomachi, 8-VI-1980, K. Shiozaki (YS). 1 male and 1 female, 1-VI-1986, A. Watanabe (YS); 1 female, 5-VI-1986, A. Watanabe (YS). EHIME. 2 females, Imabaru, Mt. Takanawazan, 5-V-1976, S. Inoue (EUMJ). KOCHI. 1 male, Okunanokawa, 4-V-1967, H. Oonishi (EUMJ). Cape Murotomisaki: 1 male and 1 female, 7-VI-1959, M. Miyatake (EUMJ); 1 female, 8-V-1959, S. Hisamatsu (EUMJ); 2 females, 12-VII-1961, M. Miyatake (NIAES). Kyushu. FUKUOKA. 1 male, Chikugo, Mt. Kumadoyama, 1-VI-1958, Y. Miyaue (ELKU). 1 female, Munakata, Mt. Jouyama, 6-IV-1975, K. Kido (ELKU). 1 female, Itoshima, Himeshima I., 3-VI-1990, K. Kido (ELKU). 1 female, Shikanoshima I., 29-IV-1994, K. Morimoto (ELKU). 1 female, Fukuoka, Motooka, 2-VII-1994, K. Morimoto (ELKU). 1 male and 1 female, Mt. Sefurisan, 3-VI-2001, H. Hirano (NIAES). 1 male, Yabe, Mt. Shakagatake, 25-IV-2004, H. Hirano (NIAES). 3 males and 1 female, Nokonoshima I., 17-VI-2003, H. Hirano (NIAES). Mt. Hikosan: 2 males and 3 females, 17\u201319-V-1967, H. Takizawa (NIAES); 1 female, 4-V-1985, Y. Kajida (NIAES); 2 males and 4 females, 30-V-1995, K. Morimoto (ELKU); 1 female, 26-VI-2003, H. Hirano (NIAES). SAGA. 1 male, Okuhiratani, Mt. Taradake, 23-IV-1989, T. Yasunaga (ELKU). 2 males and 3 females, same data as holotype (NIAES). 2 males and 2 females, Mt. Kusenbuyama, Hakotani-rindou, 8-V-2005, H. Yoshitake, on R. crataegifolius (NIAES). NAGASAKI. 1 male, Shimabara, Taruki, 16-VII-1976, S. Imasaka (NIAES). 1 female, Shimabara, Akamatsudani Gorge, 8-VI-1979, S. Imasaka (NIAES). Mt. Unzendake: 1 female, 25-V-1976, S. Imasaka (NIAES); 1 female, 21-VII-1976, S. Imasaka (NIAES). 1 male and 2 females, Nomozeki, 13-V-1976, S. Imasaka (NIAES). 1 male, Tashirobaru, 21-IV-1977, S. Imasaka (NIAES). 15 males and 12 females, Sasebo, Mt. Eboshidake, 13-IV-1977, J. Okuma (SM). 4 males, Sasebo, Mt. Hattendake, 23-V-1982, J. Okuma (SM). Sasebo, Mt. Yahirodake: 1 male and 1 female, 18-IV-1977, J. Okuma (SM); 2 males, 6-IV-1981, J. Okuma (SM); 1 female, 21-V-1981, J. Okuma (SM); 1 female, 26-V-1982, J. Okuma (SM); 1 female, 29-III-1983, J. Okuma (SM); 1 female, 30-IV-1983, J. Okuma (SM); 1 male, 2-V-1983, J. Okuma (SM); 2 females, 15-V-1984, J. Okuma (SM). 1 male and 1 female, Hiradoshima I., Mt. Yasumandake, 10-V-1980, S. Imasaka (NIAES). KUMAMOTO. 1 male, Gokanoshou, 26\u201327-V-1978, K. Ohara (ELKU). Izumi, Mt. Shiratoriyama: 1 female, 1300 m, 6-VI-1980 (ELKU); 1 female, 7\u20138-VI-1989, T. Yasunaga (ELKU). 1 male and 2 females, Yabe, Naidaijin-rindou, 21-VI-1998, H. Kojima (ELKU). OITA. 1 male and 2 females, Kuju Mts., Bougatsuru, 27-V-1988, K. Morimoto (ELKU). KAGOSHIMA. Oosumi-hantou Peninsula, Cape Satamisaki: 1 male, 25-VI-1957, T. Saigusa (ELKU); 1 female, 8-VI-1958, H. Ueno (ELKU). 5 males and 6 females, Mt. Hoyoshidake, 14\u201315-IV-2002, H. Yoshitake (NIAES). 1 male, Mt. Kobadake, 28-VI-2003, H. Yoshitake (NIAES).HOLOTYPE: 1 male (NIAES), \u201c[Japan: Kyushu]/Mts. Sefuri-sanchi/Mt. Kusenbu-yama/8-V-2005/Hiraku Yoshitake\u201d (printed on white card); \u201cOn PageBreakJapan  Kuntze ex Koidz. In addition, adults of this species were collected mostly from Rubus palmatus Thunb. and rarely from Rubus crataegifolius Bunge on Mt. Kusenbuyama, Kyushu.In several localities in Honshu, a number of adults of this species were found on PageBreakTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeHomorosoma horridula Voss, 1958: 67  . \u2013 Homorosoma horridulum : Rhytidosomus insulareScleropteroides horridulusHomorosoma; Taiwan) . : Scleropteroides insulare : Scleropteroides insularis : Scleropteroides hypocrita : Scleropteroides hypocrita on the basis of the following characters: subapical part of the prothorax strongly constricted . LR: 1.04\u20131.18 . WP: 0.94\u20131.10 . LP: 0.85\u20130.95 . WE: 1.61\u20131.91 . LE: 1.64\u20131.83 . N = 11 for all measurements. Habitus as shown in Figs Vestiture. Clavate scales long and erect on head, basal 2/3 of rostrum, and pronotum. Hair-like scales long and semierect on apical 1/3 of rostrum. Scales on elytral intervals . LR: 1.06\u20131.36 . WP: 0.95\u20131.14 . LP: 0.88\u20131.04 . WE: 1.63\u20131.97 . LE: 1.62\u20132.03 . N = 16 for all measurements.Rostrum . Fujian. 2 males and 2 females, Jianyang, 27\u00b020'N, 118\u00b006'E, 18-IV-1965 896779, 896780, 896781, and 896786); 1 female, Jianyang, Aotou, Sanbanqiao, 27\u00b035'N, 117\u00b039'E, 18-IV-1965 (IZCAS IOZ(E)896788); 1 female, Jianyang, Aotou, Huangbaixi, 27\u00b035'N, 117\u00b039'E, 7-V-1965 (IZCAS IOZ(E)89679); 1 male, Jianyang, Aotou, Daoshui, 27\u00b035'N, 117\u00b039'E, 13-VI-1965 897690). 1 female, Shaowu, PageBreakTieyang, 27\u00b010'N, 117\u00b021'E, 15-V-1965 896789). 1 male, Wuyishan, Xingcun, Sangang, 752 m, 27\u00b044.804'N, 117\u00b040.600'E, 15-IV-2009, J. Huang (ZAFU). 1 female, Wuyishan, Xingcun, Sangang, 752 m, 27\u00b044.804'N, 117\u00b040.600'E, 15-IV-2009, S. Zhang (ZAFU). 1 male, Wuyishan, Xingcun, Qili, 899\u2013912 m, 27\u00b043.302'\u201327\u00b043.042'N, 117\u00b039.632'\u2013117\u00b039.334'E, 20-IV-2009, J. Tan (ZAFU). 1 female, Wuyishan, Xingcun, Qili, 899\u2013912 m, 27\u00b043.302'\u201327\u00b043.042'N, 117\u00b039.632'\u2013117\u00b039.334'E, 20-IV-2009, J. Huang (ZAFU). Chongqing. 1 female, Nanchuan, Yixiantian, 700 m, 29.05194\u00b0N, 107.12001\u00b0E, 12-VI-2010, R. Nie (IZCAS IOZ(E)1803625). TAIWAN. 1 male, Nantou, Sungkan\u2013Meifeng, 25\u201326-V-1972, M. Sakai (EUMJ). 1 male and 1 female, Nantou, Nanshanchi, 20\u201323-III-1995, H. Kojima and M. Suehiro (NIAES). 1 male, Mt. Guandaoshan, 16-V-1986, I. Matoba (NIAES). 1 male, Taoyuan, Mt. Daguanshan, 4-IV-1991, H. Kojima (NIAES). KOREA: Gangwondo. 1 female, Chuncheongun, Dongmyeon, Gamjeongri, 21-V-1992, K. Morimoto (ELKU). Kyeongsangnamdo. 1 female, Mt. Jirisan, Samjeongri, 6-VI-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU). Jeollabukdo. 1 male and 1 female, Namwongun, Nowondan, 5-VI-1991, J. D. Bae (ELKU). 1 female, Namwongun, Deongdongri, 19-VI-1994, H. Kojima (ELKU). PageBreakJAPAN: Nansei Islands. YAKUSHIMA I. Nakama: 1 male, 1-IV-1985, A. Yoshida (NIAES); 1 male and 2 females, 25-III-1991, H. Kojima (ELKU); 4 males and 6 females, 30-III-2005, Y. Kubota (NIAES). AMAMI-OSHIMA I. 1 male, Sutaru-touge Pass, 23-III-1954, T. Mohri (EUMJ). Nishinakama: 1 female, 25-III-1954, T. Edashige (EUMJ); 1 female, 31-III-1968, M. Tomokuni (EUMJ); 1 male, 22-III-1990, T. Ueno (NIAES). Hatsuno: 1 male and 1 female, 24-III-1965, S. Fukuda (SM); 1 female, 12-IV-1971, M. Sakai (EUMJ); 1 female, 11-V-1976, J. Okuma (SM). 1 male, Daikuma, 10-IV-1971, M. Sakai (EUMJ). 1 female, Shinmura, 11-IV-1971, M. Sakai (EUMJ). Mt. Yuwandake: 1 male, 19-IV-1971, M. Sakai (EUMJ); 25 males and 18 females, 25\u201328-III-2003, H. Yoshitake, on Rubus croceacanthus (NIAES). 9 males and 8 females, Chuo-rindou, 18-III-1991, H. Kojima (ELKU). 2 males, Nangawa-rindou, 20-III-1991, H. Kojima (ELKU); 1 male and 2 females, 22-III-1991, H. Kojima (ELKU). 2 males and 5 females, Mt. Akatsuchiyama, 21-III-1991, H. Kojima (ELKU). UKEJIMA I. 1 male, 22-III-2004, K. Takahashi (NIAES). OKINAWAJIMA I. 1 female, Yona, 10-IV-1975, S. Imasaka (NIAES). 1 male, Oku, 15\u201318-V-1978, T. Tsutsumi (ELKU). 2 males and 1 female, Mt. Yonahadake, 16-IV-1991, H. Kojima (ELKU).PageBreakChina , Korea , Japan  had examined it and confirmed its taxonomic identity. Also, our examination of a long series of Scleropteroides specimens from the type locality, Amami-Oshima Island, revealed that only one species of this genus occurs on the island.In the study, we could not examine the holotype of PageBreakScleropteroides was established as a genus allied to Scleropterus in the tribe Scleropterini , as well as characteristics common to Scleropterus . Therefore, the diagnostic differences between the two genera must be clarified.Previously, Scleropteroides is close to Scleropterus in sharing a rounded apex of the antennal scape, a six-segmented antennal funicle, a pronotum with neither tubercules nor prominences, elytral intervals bearing small and acute squamate granules usually in a row, a rostral channel extending to the metaventrite, and appendiculate claws. In addition, the close affinity between the two genera is emphasized by similarities in structures of the male and female genitalia.Morphologically, Scleropteroides in this study as follows: 1) eyes convex  avex Figs , 36, 38;vex Figs , 36, 38;vex Figs ; 6) scutvex Figs , 34\u201339; vex Figs ; 8) elytvex Figs , 37, 39;vex Figs , 37, 39;vex Figs ; 11) provex Figs ; and 12)PageBreakScleropterus has the following defining characteristics: 1) eyes flattened; 2) antennal scape fringed with 3\u20134 minute hairs at the apex; 3) basal margin of the pronotum nearly straight; 4) basal half of the pronotum with a weak longitudinal median sulcus; 5) apical margin of the pronotum slightly descending; 6) scutellar shield vestigial, usually invisible from above; 7) hind wings vestigial; 8) elytral humeri vestigial; 9) odd numbered intervals of the elytra wider and more prominent than even numbered intervals; 10) femora edentate; 11) protibiae incurved apically; and 12) meso- and metatibiae mucronate in both sexes.In contrast, Scleropterus, however, Scleropteroides clearly differs from Scleropterus in having a pronotum lacking a sulcus, even elytral intervals, dentate femora, and simple protibiae. Additionally, Scleropteroides can also be distinguished from Scleropterus by the meso- and metatibiae lacking mucrones in females.The most apparent differences between the two genera are the structure of the hind wings (character 7) and associated characters . Apart from these differences associated with hind-wing reduction in Scleropteroides comprises three East Asian species \u2013 Scleropteroides hypocrita, Scleropteroides horridulus, and Scleropteroides longiprocessus. They are very similar in general appearance, as well as in general structures of male and female terminalia, but can be distinguished clearly by several consistent, taxonomically important morphological differences as shown in the following lines.Our extensive and detailed examination of a large number of specimens revealed that Scleropteroides hypocrita is characterized mainly by a moderately constricted prothorax in the subapical part , Korea, and Japan  in Korea and Japan, whereas Scleropteroides longiprocessus was observed feeding on Rubus palmatus in Honshu and Kyushu, and Scleropteroides horridulus on Rubus croceacanthus in the Ryukyus. In two localities in Toyota City, Honshu, Japan, adults of Scleropteroides hypocrita and Scleropteroides longiprocessus were found separately on Rubus microphyllus and Rubus palmatus var. coptophyllus, respectively . Similarly, on Mt. Kusenbuyama, Kyushu, Japan, adults of Scleropteroides hypocrita and Scleropteroides longiprocessus were collected separately on Rubus crataegifolius and Rubus palmatus, respectively, except a few individuals of Scleropteroides longiprocessus collected simultaneously with Scleropteroides hypocrita on Rubus crataegifolius. These observations suggest that Scleropteroides species might show some differences in host use in localities where they occur sympatrically. As mentioned above, Scleropteroides hypocrita is sympatric with Scleropteroides longiprocessus in Japan and with Scleropteroides horridulus in South Korea (Scleropteroides species, especially in sympatric localities.Presently, ecological information on ot clear . Howeverth Korea . FurtherCeutorhynchinae utilizes the same host plant in the adult and larval stages (e.g., Scleropteroides weevils would be suspected to be associated with Rubus species in their larval stage. Scleropteroides adults appear before and during the flowering season of Rubus and were frequently found on reproductive organs of the plants. Further surveys focusing on larval food sources are necessary to elucidate the host plant associations of Scleropteroides weevils.Generally, each species in the subfamily es e.g., . TherefoScleropteroides is limited to East Asia (Figs Scleropterus, which is widely distributed from Central Europe through Central Asia to East Asia (The distribution of sia Figs \u2013134, in ast Asia .PageBreakScleropteroides hypocrita is distributed in northeast China, North and South Korea, and Japan (Fig. Scleropteroides longiprocessus is restricted to Japan (Fig. Scleropteroides horridulus is distributed from Fujian through Taiwan to the Nansei Islands and in South Korea (Figs Scleropteroides hypocrita at least in the Korean Peninsula (pan Fig. , whereaspan Fig. . The twopan Fig. . Furtherrea Figs \u2013134. Thieninsula , but theScleropteroides, especially in continental China and the Korean Peninsula. In addition, this genus has never been recorded from the southern part of the Russian Far East. Since the distribution of Scleropteroides strongly suggests its occurrence in these regions, further surveys are necessary to elucidate the range of the genus and that of each species.Currently, a considerable gap still remains in the distribution of PageBreak"}
{"text": "Agromyzidae is a dipteran family that has diversified as internal plant feeders. Although most agromyzid species feed on herbaceous angiosperms, only a limited number of species has been recorded as miners of bryophytes. Extensive searches and rearing of bryophytivores in the Japanese Archipelago were made, resulting in that thallus-mining agromyzids are overwhelmingly widespread and diverse on thalloid liverworts and hornworts. By examining the morphology of adult flies, it was revealed that the agromyzid fauna comprise 39 species, of which 37 species are newly described. All the species are assigned to the genus Phytoliriomyza Hendel based on some shared morphological character states as follows: costa reaching M1; orbital setulae minute and erect (rarely proclinate); male epandrium with combs of fused tubercle-like setae and/or hypertrophied arms bearing tubercle-like setae; male distiphallus comprising a pair of stout, extended tubules; female cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla. Of the 39 agromyzid species in Japan, 36 species are associated with liverworts: 5 spp. on Marchantia (Marchantiaceae), 2 spp. on Dumortiera (Dumortieraceae), 3 spp. on Plagiochasma, 1 sp. on Asterella, 6 spp. on Reboulia (Aytoniaceae), 1 sp. on Wiesnerella (Wiesnerellaceae), 15 spp. on Conocephalum , and 3 spp. on Riccia (Ricciaceae). Three species are associated with hornworts: 1 sp. on Folioceros (Anthocerotaceae), 1 sp. on Megaceros (Dendrocerotaceae), and 1 sp. on Notothylas,Phaeoceros (Notothyladaceae), and Anthoceros (Anthocerotaceae). The results suggest that 37 of the 39 species are host-specific at least to plant genus level, and that the inter-specific differences in male genitalia and color patterns of scutum, antenna, and maxillary palpus have contributed to reproductive isolation on the bryophytes that the flies share. Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera, have become diverse in the Cenozoic. For some fossil leaf mines during the Late Cretaceous, the insect culprits have been assigned to families, such as the lepidopteran Nepticulidae  consist of three major clades: hornworts, liverworts, and mosses . The brygionidae , b and Aomyzidae .Agromyzidae is the largest clades of leaf mining flies. The larvae of agromyzid flies feed on a wide variety of mostly angiospermous plants, and particularly of herbaceous plants  and hornworts (Anthoceros L.) in the Neotropics  and 17 hornwort species   and kept in incubators with temperature and light conditions maintained similar to their natural habitats. The thalli were prevented from desiccation by modestly spraying with water during incubation. We checked the plastic cases frequently for emergence of adult flies. For each emerged fly specimen, the date of thallus collection (as larva or puparium) and the date of adult emergence are recorded. Additional searches for agromyzid flies walking on thalli were also performed. Emerged and collected flies were pinned with minute pins and freeze-dried in the ice boxes of the refrigerators, dried, or fixed in 99% ethanol.The morphology of adult agromyzid fly specimens was examined under a microscope ; it was photographed by synthesizing virtual images from a sequence of corresponding depth images. The morphological characters that were important to discriminate species were color of antenna, frons, and maxillary palpus; color and pattern of scutum and scutellum; and color of haltere.For observation of genitalia, the abdomens of fly specimens were dipped in 10% KOH for 1 day, then rinsed off with water, and dissected under a binocular microscope. Male and female genitalia of prepared specimens were photographed under a microscope  by synthesizing virtual images from a sequence of corresponding depth images. The genital morphological characters that were important to discriminate species were number and position of tubercle-like setae on male epandrium, along with the shape and sclerotization pattern of hypophallus, mesophallus, and distiphallus.ori) and the superior orbital setae (ors); antenna treated as scape, pedicel, 1st flagellomere, and arista toward tip; and male genitalia treated as epiphallus, phallophorus, basiphallus, hypophallus, paraphallus (if present), mesophallus, and distiphallus. Wing vein terminology follows Terminology follows that outlined in National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo (NMNS) and theKyoto University Museum (KUM), respectively. All the specimens were collected in Japan by M. Kato unless otherwise noted.The type specimens (holotypes and paratypes) and other materials are deposited in thePhytoliriomyzadorsata  and Phytoliriomyzaalpicola , the remaining 37 species are new to science. Except for two species only associated, the other 37 species are host-genus specific; all species associated with liverworts are host-genus specific: five on Marchantia, two on Dumortiera, two on Plagiochasma, one on Asterella, six on Reboulia, one on Wiesnerella, 13 on Conocephalum, and three on Riccia ; distiphallus comprising a pair of unfused sclerotized tubules; female tergite 10 trifurcate or cruciform, cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla. These characteristics suggest that all the 39 species belong to the genus Phytoliriomyza.All these flies had the following common morphological characteristics: costa extending to vein MTaxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff\ufeffHendel, 19314ED5243A-A8C6-5E0E-B190-495FA77138D7PhytoliriomyzaLiriomyza]. Type species: Agromyzaperpusilla Meigen 1830: 181, by monotypy.  Hendel, 1931: 203 [as subgenus of XyraeomyiaXyraeomyiaconjuctimontis Frick, 1952: 412. Type species: PteridomyzaAgromyzahilarella Zetterstedt 1848: 2776, by original designation. Agromyzidae 377. Nowakowski, 1962: 97. Type species: LemurimyzaLiriomyzaenormis Spencer, 1965: 26. Type species: NesomyzaNesomyzafusculoides Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 190, by original designation.  Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 190. Type species: Head: Head yellow, frons often with pruinosity. Orbital plates more or less emerge from the plane of frons. Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward and two ors directed up. 1\u20132(3) pairs of medio-clinate lower orbital setae, two pairs of reclinate upper orbital setae. Orbital setulae proclinate, upright or partly reclinate. Postocellar and ocellar setae well developed. First flagellomere round.Thorax: Scutum with 1+3 dorsocentrals. Acrostichal setulae in two rows, but lacking in some species. Postpronotal, two propleural, presutural, and propleural setae normal or strong. Anepisternum with a long posterior seta and with two or three shorter posterior setae. Katepisternum with one or two long setae. Legs simple, only ventroapical seta on middle tibia present. Costal vein ends at apex of M1. The ratio of ultimate and penultimate sections of M4 various.Abdomen: Male abdomen lacks stridulatory organs.Male genitalia: Epandrium round apically, often with a comb of several fused tubercle-like setae and/or elongated tubercle-like setae on the inner surface; surstylus setigerous and sometimes with one or a few tubercle-like setae. Subepandrial sclerite short but very broad, connecting bases of surstyli through a special sclerite. Hypandrium very long but very thin. Hypophallus membranous often with a pair of parallel sclerites medially. Paraphallus present or absent. Mesophallus cylindrical and well sclerotized. Distiphallus with basal part formed by usually a paired sclerite and an apical part, which terminates in paired tubes or in extremely long less sclerotized tubules. Ejaculatory apodeme variable, but basal part usually broad and blade not too large.Female postabdomen: Tergite 10 trifurcate or cruciform posteriorly. Cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla.Phytoliriomyza. In addition to these characteristics of adult males, we found characteristics of adult females unique to the bryophyte-associated species, in which tergite 10 was trifurcate or cruciform and each cercus bears two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla.The morphological characteristics of the species associated with bryophytes coincided with the characteristics unique to the genus st flagellomere of antenna and maxillary palpus are dark or yellow, and unique to each species. Scutum was yellow or dark, and the yellow scutum often had three pairs of dark longitudinal stripes: medial stripes on anterior 2/3 , intra-alar stripes  and supra-alar stripes  on anterior 4/5. In some species, the intra-alar stripe and the supra-alar stripe are merged together to shape a wide band, and often merged with the medial stripe. The color pattern of scutum is unique to each species at least among the species sharing the same host bryophyte genus. Although some species are very similar in external morphology, they could be clearly distinguished by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb on the male epandrium and other male genital morphological characters.All the species associated with bryophytes are distinguished by color of antenna, color of maxillary palpus, color pattern of scutum and morphology of male genitalia. Colors of 1Phytoliriomyza species can be classified into four groups  based on presumed synapomorphy of the following characteristics: distribution of acrostichal setulae on scutum, morphology of epandrium and distiphallus of male genitalia, and color of legs. By assessing the morphological characteristics of the Phytoliriomyza species , 10-VI-2012 (as larva), emerged on 13\u201317-VI-2012, NMNS.Japan: 1\u26421\u2640 , Namari-kawa, Yakumo, Futami, Hokkaido  that has a pruinose yellow scutum with one medial and two pairs of gray lateral stripes, black 1Adult male .Fig.  Larvae cQuercuscrispula. The host plants from which this species emerged grow on wet cliffs along roads in a cool temperate forest of Thus far, recorded from Europe, North America, and Japan. The authors recorded only from southern Hokkaido Fig. .P.dorsata by Phytoliriomyza species (P.bornholmensis and P.islandica) were described by P.dorsata by Phytoliriomyza species are diverse, and that the synonymized species may be definite species circumscribed by external and genital morphology. The morphology of the Japanese specimens closely coincided with the description of P.brunofasciata in having two pairs of dark lateral stripes on the scutum, but it is distinguished from P.brunofasciata by the dark-sided scutellum (scutellum wholly yellow in P.brunofasciata) and the number of tubercle-like setae on the surstylus of the male epandrium .This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff2.\ufeffKatosp. nov.F9AF04D8-2EF2-567E-88D9-828E1A0C131Bhttps://zoobank.org/482483ED-DBE9-4882-BF5A-BB033A32FA6BHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a323), Matsubara-ko, Koumi, Nagano Pref. , 18-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 17-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31890. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 17-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31891, 31892; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a324), Iwaobetsu, Shari, Hokkaido, 1-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 28-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31893; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a325), Odarumi, Makioka, Yamanashi Pref., 30-VI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 4-VII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31894; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a326), Ikawa-toge, Aoi-ku, Shisuoka Pref., 26-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 9-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31895; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a28), Shirabiso-toge, Kamimura, Iida, Nagano Pref., 27-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 22-V-2014, NSMT-I-Dip 31896.Japan: 35\u264237\u2640, same data as holotype, emerged on 8\u201317-V-2021; 9\u26425\u2640, Iwaobetsu, Shari, Hokkaido, 1-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 26\u201328-V-2021; 3\u26421\u2640, Horoman-kyo, Samani, Hokkaido, 30-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 26\u201331-V-2021; 1\u26422\u2640, Odarumi, Makioka, Yamanashi Pref., 27-VI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 15-VII-2021; 1\u26421\u2640, Shirabiso-toge, Kamimura, Iida, Nagano Pref., 27-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 23\u201325-V-2021; 22\u264220\u2640, Ikawa-toge, Aoi-ku, Shisuoka Pref., 26-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 8\u201317-VI-2021.st flagellomeres, yellow maxillary palpi, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium with a comb comprising five or six fused long tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Marchantiapolymorpha. A large yellow species (wing length 2.0\u20132.1 mm) having a pruinose dark gray scutum with a trapezoid yellow patch medially on posterior 1/3, a yellow scutellum, black 1Adult male  refers to the yellow oblong patch on the scutum. The specific name (Kitsunebi-zenigoke-hamoguribae.Marchantiapolymorpha (Marchantiaceae).Larvae construct linear-botch mines in the thallus, particularly in the midrib, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Faguscrenata in Honshu and deciduous oak forests dominated by Quercuscrispula in Hokkaido) and on levees of paddy fields in a cool temperate forest ecosystem . This species resembles P.izayoi,P.chichibuensis and P.caliginosa in the yellow pattern of the scutum and scutellum; it is distinguished from them by the wholly yellow scutellum without dark lateral corners and by the number of tubercle-like setae of the comb on the male epandrium . This species also resembles P.cometiformis and P.luna in having a yellow scutellum; it is distinguished from them by the number of tubercle-like setae of the comb on the male epandrium . This species also resembles P.islandica in the yellow pattern of the scutellum; it is distinguished by the black first flagellomere (brown in P.islandica).This species is distinguished from all other species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff3.\ufeffKatosp. nov.0F458DB6-BFF1-54D7-A1F7-79428A74D083https://zoobank.org/B0DF693B-ABD0-45C9-B129-AB3D75DB681EHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a397), Matsubara-ko, Koumi, Nagano Pref. , 12-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 18-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31897. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 17\u201322-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31898, 31899; 1\u26421\u2640 , Ikawa-toge, Aoi-ku, Shisuoka Pref., 26-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 31-V\u20132-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31900, 31901; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a577), Tokuzo-ji, Yana, Kisarazu, Chiba Pref., 1-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 3-XII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31902.Japan: 1\u26421\u2640, Ikawa-toge, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 26-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 31-V\u20132-VI-2021; 1\u2642, Tokuzo-ji, Yana, Kisarazu, Chiba Pref., I-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 3-XII-2021.st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and dark legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb of four unfused tubercle-like setae, and inner-laterally with a comb of three or four fused, long, tubercle-like setae; surstylus bilobed and hypertrophied dorsal arm with one tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Marchantiapolymorpha. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.6\u20131.7 mm) having pruinose dark gray scutum, light yellow scutellum, black 1Adult male .Larvae mine the thallus of the host plant and pupate in the mines. The mines are not apparent from the outside.The host plants from which this species emerged, grow on mesic soils on levee of paddy fields and along roads in natural beech forests Fig. . Our reaJapan: Honshu Fig. .P.alpicola in color pattern of the scutum ; it is distinguished from the latter by the yellow pedicel and scape of the antenna , yellow maxillary palpus , and number and arrangement of tubercle-like setae in a comb on the male epandrium . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff4.\ufeffKatosp. nov.190EAA65-1A70-51A2-B2CE-ABEBB1717315https://zoobank.org/FD0892D0-011B-4A1A-A1FE-F1ECC92FF89EHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a320), Namari-kawa, Yakumo, Futami, Hokkaido , 2-VI-2021 , emerged on 17-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31903. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26422\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 18-VI\u20133-VII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31904\u201331906; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a322), Renge-onsen, Itoigawa, Niigata Pref., 11-VII-2021 , emerged on 5-VIII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31907; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a321), Nippara, Okutama, Tokyo Pref., 27-III-2021 , emerged on 27-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31908; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-302), Umegashima, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 5-I-2014 (as larva on M.p.diptera), emerged on ?-V-2014, NSMT-I-Dip 31909; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a356), Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 20-III-2000 (as larva on M.p.diptera), emerged on 17-IV-2000, NSMT-I-Dip 31910; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a355), Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 11-VI-2021 (as larva on M.polymorpha), emerged on 21-VII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31911; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a358), Naiku, Oe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Pref., 19-V-2021 (as larva on M.papillatagrossibarba), emerged on 3-VII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31912.Marchantiapaleaceapaleacea: 22\u264216\u2640, Namari-kawa, Yakumo, Futami, Hokkaido, 2-VI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 9-VI\u20137-VII-2021; 38\u264244\u2640, Renge-onsen, Itoigawa, Niigata Pref., I-VII-2021 (as larva), emerged on 29-VII\u20139-VIII-2021; 2\u26421\u2640, Narahara, Ueno, Tano, Gunnma Pref., 18-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 30\u201331-V-2021; 2\u26424\u2640, Kanna-gawa, Nakatsugawa, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 14-XI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 26-IV-2010; 2\u26421\u2640, Nippara, Okutama, Tokyo Pref., 27-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 27-IV\u201321-V-2021; 5\u26425\u2640, Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref., 25-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 2-V\u20131-VI-2021. Japan: On Marchantiapaleaceadiptera: 2\u26423\u2640, Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 26-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 17\u201327-VI-2021; 1\u26425\u2640, Abe-toge, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 30-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 30-IV\u20138-V-2014; 3\u26425\u2640, Kuchisakamoto, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 26-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 1\u201326-VI-2021; 6\u26428\u2640, Tsudono, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 30-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 30-IV\u20136-V-2014; 2\u26424\u2640, Tosayama, Kochi, Kochi Pref., 27-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 23\u201328-IV-2011; 1\u26423\u2640, Mt. Nabejiri, Taga, Shiga Pref., 4-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 27-V\u201315-VI-2021; 6\u26423\u2640, Naiku, Oe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Pref., 19-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 2\u201310-VII-2021; 2\u26423\u2640, Iya-kei, Ikeda, Miyoshi, Tokushima Pref., 1-II-2014 (as larva), emerged on 4\u20134-V-2014; 2\u26425\u2640, Okujisso, Isa, Kagoshima Pref., 17-XII-2017 (as larva), emerged on 22\u201330-III-2012.On Marchantiapolymorpha: 1\u2640, Matsubara-ko, Koumi, Nagano Pref., 18-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 18-VI-2021; 7\u26422\u2640, Odarumi, Makioka, Yamanashi Pref., 30-VI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 28-VII\u20134-VII-2021; 5\u264215\u2640, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 31-XII-2013 (as larva), emerged on ?-V-2013.On Marchantiapapillatagrossibarba: 2\u26421\u2640, Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 26-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 18-VII-2021; 3\u26425\u2640, Naiku, Oe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Pref., 19-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 2\u201310-VII-2021; 2\u26421\u2640, Seikandoro, Kumanogawa, Shingu, Wakayama Pref., 7-VII-2021 (as larva), emerged on 27-VII\u20134-VIII-2021; 1\u2640, Nagabuchi, Ume, Saeki, Oita Pref., 29-XI-2011 (as larva), emerged on 3-V-2011.On st flagellomere, black maxillary palpus, gray halteres, and brown legs. Male epandrium with a comb comprising seven or eight fused long tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Marchantia spp. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.6\u20131.8 mm) having dark gray scutum, dark-cornered yellow scutellum, black 1Adult male .Marchantia. The specific name refers to host plant genus, Uzumibi-zenigoke-hamoguribae.Marchantiapaleaceapaleacea and M.p.diptera (Marchantiaceae), with M.polymorpha and M.papillatagrossibarba also recorded as host in some localities. The main host plants are Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus, particularly in the midrib, and pupate in the mined thalli Fig. .Marchantiapaleaceapaleacea grows on rocky substrates of cliffs, slopes and riverbanks in cool temperate deciduous forests , from P.lanternaria and P.conocephali by the number of tubercle-like setae on the surstylus of the male epandrium . This species resembles Phytoliriomyzamiki  in color pattern of the scutum and morphology of the male genitalia; it is distinguished from the latter by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb on the male epandrium .This species also resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff5.\ufeffKatosp. nov.2120AFBE-6347-50BE-B76E-25D25A4D841Bhttps://zoobank.org/B7A9AD45-5940-4EF5-AF24-D768250DC41AHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a413), Mt. Mihara, Hachijo Is. Tokyo Pref. , 17-II-2012 (as larva on Marchantiaemarginatacuneiloba), emerged on 23-IV-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 31913. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2640 (MK-AG-323), same data as holotype, NSMT-I-Dip 31914; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a379), Naiku, Oe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Pref., 19-V-2021 (as larva on M.papillatagrossibarba), emerged on 9-VI-2021, NMNS; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a383), Tsudono, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 19-V-2021 (as larva on M.papillatagrossibarba), emerged on 10-V-2014, NSMT-I-Dip 31916; 1\u26421\u2640 , Mt. Osuzu, Tsuno, Miyazaki Pref., 11-IV-2021 (as larva on M.papillatagrossibarba), emerged on 21\u201322-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31917, 31918; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-344), Jizodo, Mariya, Kisarazu, Chiba Pref., 17-III-2016 (as larva on M.pinnata), emerged on 27-IV-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 31919.Marchantiapapillatagrossibarba: 9\u26429\u2640, Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 26-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 11-VI\u20132-VII-2021; 3\u26423\u2640, Tsudono, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 30-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 29-VII\u20139-VIII-2021; 6\u26426\u2640, Naiku, Oe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Pref., 19-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 1\u201316-VI-2021; 2\u2642, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 27-X-2017 (as larva), emerged on 9-XII-2017; 5\u26421\u2640, Nagabuchi, Ume, Saeki, Oita Pref., 29-XI-2011 (as larva), emerged on 1\u20135-V-2011; 1\u26429\u2640, Mt. Osuzu, Tsuno, Miyazaki Pref., 11-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 16\u201325-V-2021. Japan: On Marchantiaemarginatacuneiloba: 2\u2640, Takae, Higashi-son, Kunigami, Okinawa Pref., 11-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 22\u201328-XI-2021; 2\u26422\u2640, Nagura, Ishigaki Is., Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 7-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 13-XI\u201316-XII-2021.On Marchantiapinnata: 1\u2640, Jizodo, Mariya, Kisarazu, Chiba Pref., 17-III-2016 (as larva), emerged on 27-IV-2016.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and brownish legs. Male epandrium with a comb comprising seven fused tubercle-like setae, and surstylus with a comb comprising three fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Marchantiaemarginatacuneiloba,M.papillatagrossibarba and M.pinnata. A small black species (wing length 1.3\u20131.6 mm) having subshiny black scutum with an oval yellow pattern extending from mid-posterior margin to scutellum, black 1Adult male  Goldblatt & Mabb.), to which morphology of adult fly\u2019s scutum of this species is likened. The specific name Nubatama-tosazenigoke-hamoguribae.Marchantiaemarginatacuneiloba,M.papillatagrossibarba and M.pinnata (Marchantiaceae).Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus, and pupate in the midrib of the mined thalli Fig. .Marchantiapapillatagrossibarba grew on rocky substrate . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff6.\ufeffKatosp. nov.214844B5-23DF-5237-817C-A2B70B855E77https://zoobank.org/68B05020-D8FD-46E0-87FB-2FEBBF2B9A68Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-246), Higashinakama, Sumiyo, Amami, Kagoshima Pref. , 21-II-2015 (as larva on Dumortierahirsuta), emerged on 1-IV-2015, NSMT-I-Dip 31920. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26422\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 30-III\u20137-IV-2015, NSMT-I-Dip 31921\u201331923; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-267), Abe-toge, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 1-V-2015 (as larva), emerged on 18-V-2015, NSMT-I-Dip 31924; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-241), Narutaki, Ichiu, Tsurugi, Tokushima Pref., 12-VI-2017 (as larva), emerged on 21-VI-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 31926; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-282), Isso, Yaku Is., Kumage, Kagoshima Pref., 29-III-2017 (as larva), emerged on 2-V-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 31927; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-250), Nagakumo-toge, Tatsugo, Oshima, Kagoshima Pref., 23-II-2016 (as larva), emerged on 25-III-2015, NSMT-I-Dip 31928.Japan: 5\u26424\u2640, Abe-toge, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 5-I-2015 (as larva), emerged on 18-V-2016; 2\u26423\u2640, Tango-kanzaki, Maizuru, Kyoto Pref., 19-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 30-V\u20135-VI-2021; 1\u26421\u2640, Tategasaki, Kumano, Mie Pref., 23-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 11-V-2021; 3\u2640, Gakuen-ji, Bessho, Izumo, Shimane Pref., 31-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on 9-V-2015; 3\u26421\u2640, Tazukawa-keikoku, Katsuura, Tokushima Pref., 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 11\u201320-V-2021; 3\u26424\u2640, Narutaki, Ichiu, Tsurugi, Tokushima Pref., 12-VI-2017 (as larva), emerged on 17\u201321-VI-2017; 1\u2640, Tashiro, Kinko, Kimotsuki, Kagoshima Pref., 22-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on 1-V-2015; 1\u26421\u2640, Isso, Yaku Is., Kumage, Kagoshima Pref., 11-III-2016 (as larva), emerged on 617\u201319-IV-2016; 11\u264214\u2640, Higashinakama, Sumiyo, Amami, Kagoshima Pref., 21-II-2015 (as larva), emerged on 30-III\u20138-IV-2015.st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and dark gray legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with an incomplete comb comprising three short, fused, tubercle-like setae medially. Larva mines the thallus of Dumortierahirsuta.A large dark species (wing length 1.9\u20132.2 mm) having subshiny dark brown scutum, brownish yellow scutellum, black 1Adult male .Fig.  Larvae cThe main habitats of this species are along streams in warm temperate evergreen forests Fig. . Our reaJapan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Yaku Island and Amami-oshima Island Fig. .P.wiesnerellae in coloration of head, thorax, abdomen, and legs; it is distinguished from the latter by the pleuron with the lower half darkened . The great morphological difference in male genitalia suggests that these two species are not closely related. This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff7.\ufeffKatosp. nov.FC660752-E10E-56E9-A013-4CA0D9B34DC2https://zoobank.org/421AB9E5-4908-450E-8960-79A097FA8EBAHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a29), Naiku, Oe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Pref. , 17-III-2017 (as larva), emerged on 17-V-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 31929. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a457), type locality, 19-V-2021 (as larva), on 1-VII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31930; 1\u26421 \u2640 , Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 17-II-2002 (as larva), emerged on 17\u201323-IV-2002, NSMT-I-Dip 31931, 31932; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a309), Mitake, Kamitsushima, Nagasaki Pref., 19-IV-2009 (as larva), emerged on 6-VI-2009, NSMT-I-Dip 31933.Japan: 1\u2640, Sanekawa-keikoku, Iide, Aga, Higashikanbara, Niigata Pref., 3-V-2015 (as larva), emerged on 12-VI -2015; 1\u2640, Mt. Kiyosumi, Kamogawa, Chiba Pref., 24-I-2012 (as larva), emerged on 25-V\u20135-VI-2012; 17\u264232\u2640, Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 17-II-2002 (as larva), emerged on 23-IV\u20135-VI-2021; 1\u2642, Shogawa-kyo, Tonami, Toyama Pref., 3-V-2016 (as larva), emerged on 9-VI -2016; 1\u2640, Takeda-gawa, Maruoka, Sakai, Fukui Pref., 6-IV-2002 (as larva), emerged on 13-VI-2019; 2\u26422\u2640, Mt. Nabejiri, Taga, Shiga Pref., 23-V-2015 (as larva), emerged on 26\u201315-VI-2015; 1\u26421\u2640, Boumura, Kazuragawa, Otsu, Shiga Pref., 7-IV-2002 (as larva), emerged on 24-V-2002; 1\u26421\u2640, Mitake, Kamitsushima, Nagasaki Pref., 9-IV-2009 (as larva), emerged on 6-VI-2009.st flagellomere, brown maxillary palpus, brown halteres, and brownish yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a comb comprising five long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Dumortierahirsuta. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.4\u20131.8 mm) having subshiny brown scutum with brownish yellow pattern extending from mid-posterior margin to scutellum, black 1Adult male  refers to the brownish yellow patch on the scutum.The specific name (Yuuzuki-kezenigoke-hamoguribae.Dumortierahirsuta (Dumortieraceae).Fig.  Larvae mP.dumortierae in some localities. Our rearing records suggest that this species is univoltine, and that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring. The main habitats of this species are along streams in warm temperate forests and cool temperate deciduous forests Fig. , and thiJapan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima Island Fig. .P.dumortierae, these two species were not sympatric in any localities. This species resembles P.arcus,P.plagiochasmatos and P.falcata in having a pair of brown lateral bands on the scutum; it is distinguished from them by the brownish yellow color of the medial mark on scutum (light yellow in the other species). Although this species used the same host plant as Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff8.\ufeffKatosp. nov.4C17E118-26BD-51A0-A447-FB381DE23DF4https://zoobank.org/89D711DD-A5C8-4A52-8266-23A5C33BCD92Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a411), Nippara, Okutama, Tokyo \ufeffPref. , 15-III-2016 (as larva on P.pterospermum), emerged on 28-IV-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 31934. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 4\u20135-V-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 31935, 31937; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-191), Akka, Iwaizumi, Iwate Pref., 5-V-2012 (as larva on P.pterospermum), emerged on 13-V-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 31936; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a316), Mt. Myogi, Tomioka, Gunma Pref., 10-V-2021 (as larva on P.pterospermum), emerged on 16-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31938; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-189), Todai-shiraiwa, Ina, Nagano Pref., 30-IV-2011 (as larva on P.pterospermum), emerged on 28-V-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31939.Plagiochasmapterospermum: 4\u26424\u2640, Akka, Iwaizumi, Iwate Pref., 5-V-2012 (as larva), emerged on 27\u201328-V-2012; 9\u26429\u2640, Mt. Myogi, Tomioka, Gunma Pref., 10-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 14\u201321-V-2021; 10\u264212\u2640, Narahara, Ueno, Tano, Gunnma Pref., 18-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201325-V-2021; 2\u26425\u2640, Mt. Kano, Kanna, Tano, Gunma Pref., 28-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 4-V-2015; 2\u26421\u2640, Mt. Futago, Ogano, Chichibu-gun, Saitama Pref., 10-IX-2017 (as larva), emerged on 20-X\u201312-XI-2017; 1\u26423\u2640, Kanna-gawa, Nakatsugawa, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 16-X-2012 (as larva), emerged on 5-V-2012; 9\u264211\u2640, Todai-shiraiwa, Ina, Nagano Pref., 12-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 1\u201313-VI-2021. Japan: On Plagiochasmaappendiculatum: 5\u26424\u2640, Mt. Myogi, Tomioka, Gunma Pref., 10-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201329-V-2021.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-subdistally with hypertrophied, elongated, strongly curved arm bearing a dark tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Plagiochasmapterospermum and P.appendiculatum. A small species (wing length 1.3\u20131.6 mm) having subshiny brown scutum with yellow pattern extending from mid-posterior margin to scutellum, yellow 1Adult male  refers to the bow-shaped tubercle-like seta on the male epandrium.The specific name (Yumihari-tsubozenigoke-hamoguribae.Plagiochasmapterospermum and P.appendiculatum (Aytoniaceae).Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus and pupate in the mines Fig. .The habitats of this species are limestone outcrops in temperate deciduous forests, where the host liverworts grow Fig. . Our reaJapan: Honshu Fig. . RecordeP.plagiochasmatos and P.falcata in having a pair of brown lateral bands and a light yellow mark on scutum; it is distinguished from them by the dark haltere (yellow in these species) and by the morphology of the tubercle-like seta on subdistal margin of the male epandrium . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff9.\ufeffKatosp. nov.8B297B08-1B72-5A07-A3AA-B87620677330https://zoobank.org/7802A55A-6207-4BEA-AC06-B6E83CE97698Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a526), Narahara, Ueno, Tano, Gunnma Pref. , 18-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 15-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31940. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 19\u201325-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31941, 31942.Asterellacruciata), emerged on 24\u201327-IV-2015. Japan: 1\u26423\u2640, same data as holotype, emerged on 19\u201325-V-2021; 3\u2640, Ozasu, Ogano, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 28-XI-2014  having subshiny brown scutum with an oval yellow pattern extending from mid-posterior margin to scutellum, yellow 1Adult male  and Asterellacruciata (Asterellaceae).Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus and pupate in the mines Fig. .P.arcus in some localities. Our rearing records suggest that this species is univoltine, and that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring. The habitats of this species are outcrops of lime stones in temperate deciduous forests, where the host liverworts grow Fig. , and thiJapan: Honshu Fig. . RecordeP.arcus,P.falcata and P.aratriformis in having a pair of brown lateral bands and a pale yellow mark on the scutum; it is distinguished from P.arcus by the yellow halteres (dark in P.arcus), and from the last three species by the absence of seta on the surstylus of the male epandrium . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff10.\ufeffKatosp. nov.F314FCA4-05C8-5746-9E14-44F23EF714F3https://zoobank.org/B8B5E03D-C972-451F-8AD4-ED1237A9ABD2Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a265), Todai-shiraiwa, Ina, Nagano Pref. , 30-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 24-V-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31943. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a459), same data as holotype emerged on 2-VI-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31944; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a222), Ozasu, Ogano, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 10-IX-2017 (as larva), emerged on 13-X-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 31945.Japan: 1\u2640, Narahara, Ueno, Tano, Gunnma Pref., 18-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 1-VI-2021; 1\u26401\u2642, Ozasu, Ogano, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 10-IX-2017 (as larva), emerged on 9\u201313-X-2017; 1\u2640, Irisawai, Oshika, Nagano Pref., 29-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 22-V-2011.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-subdistally with a hypertrophied arm which bears an enlarged tubercle-like seta; inner-basally with a hypertrophied arm which bears a comb comprising five or six fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Plagiochasmapterospermum. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.6\u20131.7 mm) having subshiny yellow scutum with two pairs of lateral stripes, yellow 1Adult male  refers to the fact that this species is associated with the host liverwort growing only on limestone.The specific name (Kurosuji-tsubozenigoke-hamoguribae.Plagiochasmapterospermum (Aytoniaceae).Larvae construct radiate mines in the thallus and pupate in the mines Fig. .P.arcus or P.plagiochasmatos in some localities. Our rearing records suggest that this species is univoltine, and that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring. The habitats of this species are limestone outcrops in temperate deciduous forests, where the host liverworts grow Fig. . This spJapan: Honshu Fig. . RecordeP.nigroflava and P.brunofasciata in having two pairs of dark stripes on dorsal scutum; it is distinguished from them by the dark haltere . This species has several unique characteristics in male genitalia: a flattened stout tubercle-like seta on distal margin of epandrium; a comb of tubercle-like setae borne on enlarged projection of inner surface of epandrium; thin, bare surstylus; short distiphallus unpigmented at basal half. The unique characteristics suggest distant relation of this species from other liverwort-associated species. This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff11.\ufeffKatosp. nov.7C29E49E-CD8D-5E1E-8DF8-87380F61E994https://zoobank.org/FDCB8114-D244-48A4-A86F-D4A04D22AC21Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-161), Yutsun, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref. , 25-I-2011 (as larva), emerged on 23-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31949. Paratypes: Japan: 2\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 2\u201310-III-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31950, 31951; 1\u26421\u2640 , type locality, 18-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 16\u201321-XI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31952, 31953.Japan: 1\u2640, Yutsun, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 8-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 17-XI-2021.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and yellow legs. Scutum lacks acrostichal setulae. Male epandrium lacks tubercle-like seta; distiphallus of male genitalia tapering apically. Larva mines the thallus of Asterellaliukiuensis. A small species (wing length 1.4\u20131.7 mm) having pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, brown 1Adult male .Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupating there Fig. .The habitats of this species are rocky stream banks in subtropical evergreen forests Fig. .Japan (Honshu). Recorded only from Iriomote Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago Fig. .P.ugetsu,P.ricciae and P.phaeocerotis in having a wholly dark scutum and yellow maxillary palpus; it is distinguished from P.ugetsu by its small size , and from P.ricciae and P.phaeocerotis by the dark brown legs . This species resembles Asterella species are distributed in limited areas in central Honshu and Okinawa and Yaeyama Islands, and almost all of them are endangered , Ashizuri-misaki, Tosashimizu, Kochi Pref. , 26-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 1-IV-2011 NSMT-I-Dip 31954. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 30-III-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31955, 31955; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a461), Hachijo Is., Tokyo \ufeffPref., 24-IV-2001 (as larva), emerged on 3-V-2001, NSMT-I-Dip 31957; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-411), Sagiura, Taisha, Izumo, Shimane Pref., 31-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on 30-IV-2015, NSMT-I-Dip 31958.Japan: 6\u26427\u2640, Izu-oshima Is. Tokyo Pref., 22-III-2009 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201320-IV-2009; 2\u2640, Yugashima, Izu, Shizuoka Pref., 7-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 12\u201314-IV-2012; 4\u26428\u2640, Sinjo, Mihama, Mikata, Fukui Pref., 11-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 18\u201323-IV-2012; 3\u26422\u2640, Shimaji-gawa, Ujitachi, Ise, Mie Pref., 3-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 22-IV\u20132-V-2010; 2\u26421\u2640, Urashima-jinja, Honjo-hama, Ine, Kyoto Pref., 31-VII-2011 (as larva), emerged on 22-III-2011; 2\u26425\u2640, Ukawa, Tango, Kyotango, Kyoto Pref., 5-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 2\u20138-IV-2021; 1\u2640, Sannoko, Kawakami, Higashi-yoshino, Nara Pref., 26-II-2016 (as larva), emerged on 11-IV-2016; 1\u2640, Tazukawa-keikoku, Katsuura, Tokushima Pref., 11-X-2016 (as larva), emerged on 19-IV-2011.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a hand-like comb comprising A large yellow species (wing length 2.0\u20132.2 mm) having a pruinose dark gray scutum with an oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a black 1Rebouliahemisphaericaorientalis.Four or five basally fused, long, tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Adult male  refers to the oblong trail-leaving yellow pattern against the black background on the scutum, which resembles a comet. The specific name .Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus, and pupate in the mines Fig. .The habitats of this species are rocky cliffs in warm temperate evergreen forests Fig. . Our reaJapan .P.igniculus and P.luna in having a pair of black lateral band on scutum and wholly yellow scutellum; it is distinguished from them by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of male epandrium . The morphology of male epandrium of this species closely resembles that of \u201cP.dorsata\u201d in  This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff13.\ufeffKatosp. nov.D5DF54F5-8F4C-5FE9-8616-EA534725D28Dhttps://zoobank.org/2C7BEF3A-1E11-471A-9002-8DF42A7F0D91Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a347), Ukawa, Tango, Kyotango, Kyoto Pref. , 5-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 9-IV-2021 NSMT-I-Dip 31959. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a462), same data as holotype, NSMT-I-Dip 31960; 2\u2640 , Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 24-VI-2011 (as larva), emerged on 12-VII-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31961, 31961; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-478), Ryutosen, Higashi-sonogi, Nagasaki Pref., 30-IV-2017 (as larva), emerged on 31-V-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 31963; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-473), Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 20-VI-2016 (as larva), emerged on 5-VII-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 31964; 1\u26421\u2640 , Han-yama, Yaku Is., Kumage, Kagoshima Pref., 29-III-2017 (as larva), emerged on 19-IV-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 31965, 31966; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a204), Tachijami, Kume Is. Okinawa Pref., 20-III-2020 (as larva), emerged on 2-V-2020, NSMT-I-Dip 31967.Japan: 5\u26423\u2640, Takasuka, Joso, Ibaragi Pref., 2-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 11\u201315-XII-2021; 1\u2640, Kuchisakamoto, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 20-IX-1998 (as larva), emerged on 18\u201323-IX-1998; 1\u2640, Mt. Gozaisho, Komono, Mie Pref., 1-V-2001 (as larva), emerged on 25-V-2001; 3\u26426\u2640, Ukawa, Tango, Kyotango, Kyoto Pref., 5-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 2\u20138-IV-2021; 16\u264210\u2640, Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 24-VI-2011 (as larva), emerged on 12-VII-2011; 16\u264225\u2640, Wadagawa-kyo, Kumanogawa, Shingu, Wakayama Pref., 7-VI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 17-VII\u20138-VIII-2021; 1\u26421\u2640, Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 23-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 2\u20136-V-2021; 6\u26428\u2640, Ryugakyo, Yamashiro, Miyoshi, Tokushima Pref., 1-II-2014 (as larva), emerged on 24-IV\u20133-V-2014; 1\u26421\u2640, Tazukawa-keikoku, Katsuura, Tokushima Pref., 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 26\u201329-IV-2021; 3\u26424\u2640, Sui, Anan, Tokushima Pref., 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 14\u201317-IV-2021; 1\u26422\u2640, Kurase-keikoku, Tanbara, Saijo, Ehime Pref., 2-II-2014 (as larva), emerged on 20\u201326-IV-2014; 1\u2640, Yasui-keikoku, Niyodogawa, Agawa, Kochi Pref., 27-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 17-IV-2011; 1\u2642, Kinsakubaru, Amami, Kagoshima Pref., 4-VII-1999 (as larva), emerged on 25-VII-1999; 5\u264211\u2640, Tachijami, Kume Is. Okinawa Pref., 20-III-2020 (as larva), emerged on 15-IV\u20138-V-2020.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a hand-like comb comprising four or five basally fused, long, tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Rebouliahemisphaericaorientalis. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.5\u20131.9 mm) having subshiny yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of lateral dark stripes; inner stripes with silvery reflection. Adults with yellow 1Adult male  refers to silver stripes on the scutum, which are obvious in sunlight. The specific name .Larvae construct digitate mines in the thallus, and pupate in the mine Fig. .The habitats of this species are rocky cliffs in warm temperate evergreen forests Fig. , and on Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Yaku Island, Amami-Oshima Island, Kume Island Fig. P.dorsata,P.calcicola, P.longifurcae,P.nigroflava, and P.brunofasciata in having two pair of dark lateral bands on the scutum; it is distinguished from them by the silverly reflecting inner stripes (inner stripes black or gray in the other species), and by the extended, distorted tubercle-like seta on the subdistal margin of the male epandrium. This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff14.\ufeffKatosp. nov.37EBF15E-01AC-5AB8-A65F-13945BB01B43https://zoobank.org/14E86C9E-CAD6-494B-8E6A-21801A53D403Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a500), Sui, Anan, Tokushima Pref. , 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 14-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31968. Paratypes: Japan: 3\u2640 (MK-AG-a497\u2013499), same data as holotype, emerged on 14\u201317-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31969\u201331971.Japan: 4\u26423\u2640, Kamihirayama, Tatsuyama, Tenryu, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Pref., 7-XI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 18\u201328-IV-2011; 1\u26421\u2640, Chiromo, Toyotama, Tsushima, Nagasaki Pref., 28-XI-2011 (as larva), emerged on 1-V-2011; 2\u2640, Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 20-VI-2016 (as larva), emerged on 14-VII-2021.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb comprising six fused long tubercle-like setae, and inner-subdistally with an extremely elongated arm, which apically bears two dark, diverging, ventrally curved, tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Rebouliahemisphaericaorientalis. A medium-sized species (wing length 1.5\u20131.6 mm) having a subshiny yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of lateral black stripes, yellow 1Adult male  refers to extremely elongated, apically biforked tubercle-like seta on the male epandrium. The specific name .Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus, and pupate in the mines Fig. .P.argentifasciata, and sympatric with the latter in some localities. Our rearing records suggest that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring.The habitats of this species are rocky cliffs in warm temperate evergreen forests Fig. . This spJapan: Honshu, Shikoku Fig. .P.argentifasciata and P.nigroflava in having two pair of dark lateral bands on the scutum, and a yellow 1st flagellomere and yellow haltere; it is distinguished from P.argentifasciata by the black lateral stripes (inner bands reflecting silverly in sunlight in P.argentifasciata), from P.nigroflava by the absence of an extremely extended, forked tubercle-like seta on the subdistal margin of the male epandrium. This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff15.\ufeffKatosp. nov.D32F57BD-A41F-5A6D-9691-5338F8693DCChttps://zoobank.org/C62852AE-213D-4143-AB0A-E8472CFFD2ACHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a19), Kanna-gawa, Nakatsugawa, Chichibu, Saitama Pref. , 14-XI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 23-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31972. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26422\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 28\u201323-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31973\u201331975; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a376), Ukawa, Tango, Kyotango, Kyoto Pref., 5-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 12-IV-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31976; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a287), Seya-gawa, Miyazu, Kyoto Pref., 18-IV-2013 (as larva), emerged on 25-IV-2013, NSMT-I-Dip 31977; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-803), Ryugakyo, Yamashiro, Miyoshi, Tokushima Pref., 1-II-2014 (as larva), emerged on 25-IV-2014, NSMT-I-Dip 31978; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-444), Yasui-keikoku, Niyodogawa, Agawa, Kochi Pref., 27-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 28-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31979; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-795), Chiromo, Toyotama, Tsushima, Nagasaki Pref., 11-XI-2011 (as larva), emerged on 28-IV-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 31980.Japan: 17\u264222\u2640, Kanna-gawa, Nakatsugawa, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 14-XI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 14-IV-2011; 6\u264211\u2640, Oochi-gawa, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 13-III-2017 (as larva), emerged on 25\u201328-IV-2011; 1\u26422\u2640, Ukawa, Tango, Kyotango, Kyoto Pref., 5-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 9\u201317-IV-2021; 1\u2640, Doro-kyo, Totsugawa-mura, Nara Pref., 29-III-2019 (as larva), emerged on 3-IV-2019; 1\u26424\u2640, Tazukawa-keikoku, Katsuura, Tokushima Pref., 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 23\u201330-IV-2021; 2\u26421\u2640, Kurase-keikoku, Tanbara, Saijo, Ehime Pref., 2-II-2014 (as larva), emerged on 20\u201326-IV-2014.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long hypertrophied arm which apically bears a dark, long, apically flattened, obliquely truncated tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Rebouliahemisphaericaorientalis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.6\u20132.0 mm) having subshiny brown scutum with an oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a yellow 1Adult male  refers to the sickle-shaped tubercle-like seta on the male epandrium. The specific name .Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus, and pupate in the mines Fig. .P.argentifasciata in some localities. Our rearing records suggest that it is bivoltine, and that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring. The habitats of this species are rocky cliffs in warm temperate evergreen forests. This species is sympatric with Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Tsushima Island Fig. .P.arcus,P.plagiochasmatos and P.aratriformis in having a pair of brown lateral bands and pale yellow mark on the scutum; it is distinguished from them by the absence of an extremely extended, forked tubercle-like seta on the subdistal margin of the male epandrium. This species is sympatric with P.aratriformis on Reboulia, and can be distinguished from the latter by the yellow mark on the scutum; the mark is large and well defined by lateral stripes in P.falcata but small and obscure in P.aratriformis. This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff16.\ufeffKatosp. nov.2D18C313-2414-512B-A143-FA846ACA70A6https://zoobank.org/1693ABD7-C052-499D-93FA-301179B2D102Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a311), Tazukawa-keikoku, Katsuura, Tokushima Pref. , 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 23-IV-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31981. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a463), type locality, 11-X-2016 (as larva), emerged on ?-IV-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 31982; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-427), Nakatsugawa-keikoku, Chichibu, Kyoto Pref., 14-XI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 4-V-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31983; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a17), Kanna-gawa, Nakatsugawa, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 14-XI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 14-IV-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31984; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a346), Naiku, Oe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Pref., 19-V-2010 (as larva), emerged on 20-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31985.Japan: 1\u2642, Ryugakyo, Yamashiro, Miyoshi, Tokushima Pref., 21-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 2-V-2014.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long hypertrophied, ventrally curved arm that apically bears a dark, apically bifid tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Rebouliahemisphaericaorientalis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9\u20132.3 mm) having a subshiny brown scutum with an obscure oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a yellow 1Adult male  refers to the plow-shaped tubercle-like seta on the male epandrium. The specific name .Larva constructs linear mine in the thallus, and pupate in the mine Fig. .P.argentifasciata and P.falcata in some localities. Our rearing records suggest that it is univoltine, and that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring. The habitats of this species are rocky cliffs in warm temperate evergreen forests Fig. . This spJapan: Honshu, Shikoku, Tsushima Island Fig. .P.arcus,P.plagiochasmatos and P.falcata in having a pair of brown lateral bands and a pale yellow mark on the scutum, but is distinguished from all of these species by the small, ill-defined yellow mark on the scutum (the mark larger and well-defined in the other species), and by the presence of a stout, curved, plow-shaped tubercle-like seta on the subdistal margin of the male epandrium. This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff17.\ufeffKatosp. nov.766D267E-5952-554F-97C3-B7CE1DFCF28Chttps://zoobank.org/F4792E8-9C4F-4423-87D2-F6BD92E9DB52Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a423), Wadagawa-kyo, Kumanogawa, Shingu, Wakayama Pref. , 7-VII-2021 (as larva), emerged on 2-VIII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31986. Paratypes: Japan: 2\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 24\u201330-VII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31987\u201331989; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-467), Uri-toge, Mikkabi, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Pref., 7-III-2017 (as larva), emerged on 15-VI-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 31990; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a422), Sannoko, Kawakami, Higashi-yoshino, Nara Pref., 26-II-2016 (as larva), emerged on 23-IV-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 31991.Japan: 1\u2640, Izu-oshima Is. Tokyo Pref., 22-III-2009 (as larva), emerged on 19-IV-2009; 2\u2640, Ashiu, Nantan, Kyoto Pref., 12-III-2018 (as larva), emerged on ?-IV-2018; 2\u26426\u2640, Sannoko, Kawakami, Higashi-yoshino, Nara Pref., 26-II-2016 (as larva), emerged on 18\u201327-IV-2016; 19\u264213\u2640, WD, 7-VII-2021 (as larva), emerged on 24-VII\u20136-VIII-2021; 2\u2642, Yajiemon-jinja, Sakurae, Gotsu, Shimane Pref., 24-VI-2012 (as larva), emerged on 19-VII\u201323-VIII-2012; 2\u26422\u2640, Tazukawa-keikoku, Katsuura, Tokushima Pref., 11-X-2016 (as larva), emerged on 1-V-2016; 1\u26423\u2640, Yasui-keikoku, Niyodogawa, Agawa, Kochi Pref., 27-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 18-IV-2011; 1\u26423\u2640, YSI, 27-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 18-IV-2011; 1\u2640, Shiibaru, Izumi, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto Pref., 23-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on 28-IV-2015; 1\u2640, Okujisso, Isa, Kagoshima Pref., 17-XII-2012 (as larva), emerged on 12-IV-2013; 2\u26421\u2640, Sumiyo, Amami, Kagoshima Pref., 17-II-1999 (as larva), emerged on 25\u201328-II-1999.st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, gray halteres, and brown legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb comprising seven long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Rebouliahemisphaericaorientalis. A small dark species (wing length 1.3\u20131.7 mm) having pruinose dark gray scutum with a small oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a black 1Adult male .Larvae at first construct linear mines in the thallus at first, then enter the midrib, and pupate in the mine Fig. .P.argentifasciata in some localities. Our rearing records suggest that this species is bivoltine, with adults emerging in spring and summer. The habitats of this species are rocky cliffs in warm temperate evergreen forests Fig. . It is sJapan: Honshu, Shikoku, Tsushima Island Fig. P.marchantiae,P.lanternaria, and P.conocephali in having a narrow yellow posterior margin of the scutum and a medial yellow stripe on the scutellum; it is distinguished from P.marchantiae by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium  and by a tubercle-like seta at posterior end of inner margin (absent in P.marchantiae), and from P.lanternaria and P.conocephali by the number of tubercle-like setae on the surstylus of the male epandrium . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff18.\ufeffKatosp. nov.91A3EB1C-0EEA-520A-BF24-2E5D235EE9E8https://zoobank.org/0F0C5717-47CB-4BB4-8D7B-CB92FAA79F29Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a400), Sendan-todoro, Izumi, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto Pref., 10-IV-2021 (as larva on Wiesnerelladenudata), emerged on 8-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31992. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a342), same data as holotype, NSMT-I-Dip 31993; 2\u26421\u2640 , Mt. Osuzu, Tsuno, Miyazaki Pref., 10-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 2\u201313-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31994\u201331996.32.5215\u00b0N, 130.888517\u00b0E, 710 m asl), 10-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 8\u201310-V-2021; 1\u2642, Itsuki, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto Pref., 23-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on 3-V-2015; 2\u26425\u2640, Mt. Osuzu, Tsuno, Miyazaki Pref., 10-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 2\u201314-V-2021.Japan: 1\u26421\u2640, Sendan-todoro, Izumi, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto Pref.  having subshiny dark gray scutum, yellow scutellum, black 1Adult male .Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later expanding their mines, and pupate in the mines Fig. . It is dThe habitats of this species are mesic slopes in warm temperate evergreen forests. Our rearing records suggest that it is univoltine, with adults emerging from overwintered pupae in spring.Japan: Kyushu Fig. .P.dumortierae in coloration of the head, thorax, abdomen, and legs, but is distinguished from the latter by the largely yellowish pleuron . The anteroposteriorly flattened head and the absence of a comb of tubercle-like setae in the male epandrium of this species suggest that this is not closely related the other liverwort-associated species.This species is superficially very similar to Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff19.\ufeffKatosp. nov.5C4DC810-1BD8-50B2-ACDA-588EEB5E8911https://zoobank.org/F82867E-1994-4F2E-B904-1A3F4852F4CFHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a401), Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref. , 10-XII-2016 , emerged on 8-IV-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 31997. Paratypes: Japan: 1 \u2640 (MK-AG-512), same data as holotype; emerged on 8-IV-2017 NSMT-I-Dip 31998; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a245), Horoka, Kamishihoro, Hokkaido, 7-VI-2010 (as larva on C.purpureorubrum), emerged on 21-VI-2010, NSMT-I-Dip 31999; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-493), Aizankei, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 4-X-2011 , emerged on 11-V-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 32000; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-591), Yachi, Kawaba, Gunma Pref., 14-IV-2012 (as larva on C.purpureorubrum), emerged on 4-V-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 32001; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a362), Mt. Kiyosumi, Kamogawa, Chiba Pref.2, 31-III-2021 , emerged on 23-IV-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32002.Conocephalumsalebrosum: 3\u26423\u2640, Aizankei, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 10-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 6\u201311-VI-2011; 2\u2640, Mt. Upepesanke, Shihoro, Kamishihoro, Hokkaido, 7-VI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201318-VI-2010; 1\u26421\u2640, Horoka, Kamishihoro, Hokkaido, 7-VI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 21\u201326-VI-2010; ; 1\u2642, Tanneso, Rubeshibetsu, Hiroo, Hokkaido, 2-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 3-V-2012; 4\u264210\u2640, Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref., 10-XII-2016 (as larva), emerged on 26-III\u201311-IV-2016; 1\u2640, Nakabusa-onsen, Azumino, Nagano Pref., 9-VI-2013 (as larva), emerged on 29-IV-2013; 1\u26422\u2640, Shirahone-onsen, Matsumoto, Nagano Pref., 15-X-2013 (as larva), emerged on 18\u201325-IV-2013. Japan: On Conocephalumpurpureorubrum: 1\u26421\u2640, Yachi, Kawaba, Gunma Pref., 15-X-2013 (as larva), emerged on 4\u201310-IV-2014; 1\u26422\u2640, Haccho-toge, Ogano, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 14-XI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 27-III\u201316-IV-2010.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-distally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb consisting of 7\u20139 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumsalebrosum and C.purpureorubrum. A large yellow species (wing length 2.7\u20132.9 mm) having pruinose yellow scutum with a medial and a pair of dark brown lateral stripes, entirely yellow scutellum, black 1Adult male  on anterior 7/8, which is confluent with the presutural patches .Fig.  Larvae cAbies spp., Picea spp., and Betula spp.  coincide with those of Lemurimyza described by Lemurimyza species , P.admirabilis , P.dorsata, and P.pectoralis ) by the following characteristics: halteres yellow; maxillary palpus yellow; 1st flagellomere black; scutum with one pair of dark lateral bands. The characteristics of this species and the following three related species ; scutellum entirely yellow ; male epandrium with a comb of 7\u20139 tubercle-like setae ; male epandrium with one tubercle-like seta on middle inner surface ; basal half of distiphallus curved outward and with weaker medial region .This species also resembles P.pacifica reported from North America but is distinguished by having a single pair of lateral bands on the scutum , the number of tubercle-like setae on the male epandrium , and position of the isolated tubercle-like seta on the inner surface of the male epandrium .This species resembles P.izayoi,P.chichibuensis, and P.caliginosa, in size and in having a pair of dark broad lateral bands on scutum; it is distinguished from them by the wholly yellow scutellum .Among Japanese species, this species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff20.\ufeffKatosp. nov.4889FE47-0D59-5ABC-85AD-C98B34251F8Dhttps://zoobank.org/87323495-E2C3-44EF-A003-F6F9E4C24B6BHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a402), Ashiu, Nantan, Kyoto Pref. , 8-V-2007 collected on thallus of Conocephalumorientalis, NSMT-I-Dip 32003. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a262), Ashiu, Nantan, Kyoto Pref., 28-XI-1999 , emerged on 17-IV-2000, NSMT-I-Dip 32004; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-520), Renge-onsen, Itoigawa, Niigata Pref., 14-VII-2009 , emerged on 5-V-2010, NSMT-I-Dip 32005; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-595), Mt. Hakusan, Hakusan, Ishikawa Pref., 3-V-2013 , emerged on 18-V-2013 NSMT-I-Dip 32006; 1\u26421\u2640 , Nekata, Hamakita, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Pref., 2-IV-2011 , emerged on 18\u201320-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 32007, 32007; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-574), Naiku, Oe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Pref., 17-III-2013 , emerged on 5-IV-2013, NSMT-I-Dip 32009; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-624), Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 5-IV-2019 , emerged on 22-IV-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32010; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a392), Mt. Daimanji, Oki Is. Shimane Pref., 22-XI-2010 , emerged on 7-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 32011; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-587), Gakuen-ji, Bessho, Izumo, Shimane Pref., 11-I-2010 , emerged on 14-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 32012; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a225), Koyadaira, Tokushima Pref., 22-IV-2019  ; emerged on 5-V-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32013.Conocephalumsalebrosum: 1\u26421\u2640, Renge-onsen, Itoigawa, Niigata Pref., 2-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 29-IV-2012; 1\u2640, Sarukura, Hakuba, Nagano Pref., 9-VI-2013 (as larva), emerged on 28-VI-2013. Japan: On Conocephalumorientalis: 5\u2640, Shokan-zawa, Mashike, Hokkaido, 4-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 29-IV\u20136-V-2012; 1\u2642, Mt. Nanakura, Noshiro, Akita Pref., 14-X-2012 (as larva), emerged on 11-IV-2012; 1\u2642, Mt. Kiyosumi, Kamogawa, Chiba Pref., 24-I-2012 (as larva), emerged on 20-IV-2012; 5\u264210\u2640, Nekata, Hamakita, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Pref., 8-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 27-III\u201326-IV-2012; 1\u2640, Takeda-gawa, Maruoka, Sakai, Fukui Pref., 18-III-2014 (as larva), emerged on 18-IV-2014; 3\u26422\u2640, Akka, Iwaizumi, Iwate Pref., 20-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 24-III\u20134-IV-2011; 2\u26422\u2640, Suizu, Tsuruga, Fukui Pref., 11-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 1\u201312-IV-2012; 3\u26423\u2640, Seryo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 6-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 26-IV\u201312-V-2010; 2\u26423\u2640, Naiku, Oe, Fukuchiyama, Kyoto Pref., 17-III-2013 (as larva), emerged on 4\u201318-IV-2013; 3\u26426\u2640, Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 6-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 20-IV-2010; 1\u26422\u2640, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 28-IV-2015 (as larva), emerged on 10\u201318-IV-2015; 1\u2640, Mt. Kanpu, Ino, Agawa, Kochi Pref., 10-X-2016 (as larva), emerged on 30-II-2016.On Conocephalumpurpureorubrum: 1\u2640, Mt. Kiyosumi, Kamogawa, Chiba Pref., 14-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 2-V-2010; 1\u2640, Shirabiso-toge, Kamimura, Iida, Nagano Pref., 14-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 28-IV-2011; 1\u2642, Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 94-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 24-V-2012.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-distally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb consisting of 9\u201312 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumsalebrosum and C.orientalis. A large yellow species (wing length 2.4\u20132.5 mm) having a pruinose yellow scutum with a medial and a pair of dark brown lateral stripes, a yellow scutellum with dark lateral corners, black 1Adult male  on anterior 7/8, which is confluent with the presutural patches .Fig.  Larvae cFaguscrenata, Quercuscrispula and Cryptomeriajaponica ; male epandrium with a comb of 9\u201312 tubercle-like setae ; male epandrium with one tubercle-like seta on middle inner surface ; basal half of distiphallus curved outward and with weaker medial region . This species also resembles P.admirabilis recorded from Nepal; it is distinguished from the latter based on the following characters: halteres yellow (black in the latter); male genitalia lack paraphallus ; surstylus with one tubercle-like seta (without tubercle-like seta in the latter); ejaculatory apodeme with a short broad stalk . This species resembles P.izayoi resembles P.luna,P.chichibuensis, and P.caliginosa in size and in having a pair of dark broad lateral bands on the scutum; it is distinguished from P.luna by the dark-sided scutellum (scutellum only yellow in P.luna), from P.chichibuensis and P.caliginosa by the dark lateral bands not confluent with medial stripe  and by the tubercle-like setae borne on the distal margin of the male epandrium (tubercle-like setae borne on inner surface of epandrium in the others).Among the Japanese species, Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff21.\ufeffKatosp. nov.FC6F3E2C-F587-56C7-995E-2ED5F310F63Fhttps://zoobank.org/7087598F-48A6-4158-B88E-CE998922EFD4Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a547), Mt. Futago, Ogano, Chichibu-gun, Saitama Pref. , 26-III-2021 , emerged on 21-IV-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32014. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a387), Kanna-gawa, Nakatsugawa, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 26-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 20-IV-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32015; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a393), Kanna-gawa, Nakatsugawa, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 13-III-2017 , emerged on 21-IV-2021.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb consisting of six long, fused, tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumpurpureorubrum. A large yellow species (wing length 2.2\u20132.9 mm) having a pruinose dark brown scutum with an obscure oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a black 1Adult male  on anterior 7/8, which is confluent with the presutural patches and the medial stripe  refers to the region where this species was found.The specific name .Fig.  Larvae cQuercuscrispula. Our rearing records suggest that this species is univoltine, and that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring.The habitats of this species are stream banks and cliffs in temperate deciduous forests dominated by Japan: Honshu, around Chichibu mountains in the Kanto Region Fig. .P.islandica and P.bornholmensis in yellow pattern of scutum; it is distinguished from P.islandica by the distiphallus with weaker medial region , from P.bornholmensis by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium . This species also resembles P.caliginosa in yellow pattern of scutum; it is distinguished from the latter by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium  and by the color of the first flagellomere .This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff22.\ufeffKatosp. nov.4C8994C0-1E1F-5D90-B4CE-259490FFD52Bhttps://zoobank.org/8A5B5E5E-3A7D-416C-8CAE-2E0BC4108A1BHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a403), Kuki, Owase, Mie Pref. , 1-IV-2009 (as larva), emerged on 9-IV-2009, NSMT-I-Dip 32017. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a224), same data as holotype, emerged on 11-IV-2009, NSMT-I-Dip 32018; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a250), Asahi-daki, Shuzenji, Izu, Shizuoka Pref., 7-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 28-III-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 32019; 1\u26421\u2640 , Yunokuchi-onsen, Kiwa, Kumano, Mie Pref., 9\u201313-IV-2019 (as larva), emerged on 22-IV-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32020, 32021; 1\u26421\u2640 , Mt. Kosho, Asakura, Fukuoka Pref., 11-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 24-IV-2010, NSMT-I-Dip 32022.Japan: 1\u26421\u2640, Mt. Nokogiri, Kyonan, Awa, Chiba Pref., 24-I-2012 (as larva), emerged on 24-IV\u20138-V-2012 1\u26421\u2640, Asahi-daki, Shuzenji, Izu, Shizuoka Pref., 7-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 28-III\u20131-IV-2012; 3\u26423\u2640, Tamaki-gawa, Totsugawa, Yoshino, Nara Pref., 9-III-2014 (as larva), emerged on 26-III\u20139-IV-2014; 2\u26421\u2640, Wabuka, Kushimoto, Wakayama Pref., 4-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 26-III\u201312-IV-2012; 1\u26422\u2640, Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 1-III-2011 (as larva), emerged on 25-III\u20133-IV-2011; 2\u2642, Yasukawa-keikoku, Tanabe, Wakayama Pref., 9-VII-2012 (as larva), emerged on 16\u201321-IV-2002; 1\u26421\u2640, Takinohai, Kozagawa, Wakayama Pref., 13-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 2\u201315-V-2014; 1\u2640, Yoshiwa, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima Pref., 30-V-2014 (as larva), emerged on ?-V-2014; 2\u2640, Mt. Ryuso, Aoi, Shizuoka Pref., 13-X-2015 (as larva), emerged on 14-IV-2015; 1\u2642, Shinkawa-keikoku, Kirishima, Kagoshima Pref., 31-III-2017 (as larva), emerged on 16-IV-2017.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long tubercle-like seta and inner-basally with a comb comprising eight or nine long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumorientalis. A large yellow species (wing length 2.1\u20132.3 mm) having pruinose dark brown scutum with an obscure oval yellow pattern extending from the mid-posterior margin to the scutellum, a black 1Adult male  on anterior 7/8, which is confluent with the presutural patches and the medial stripe  refers to the obscure yellow mark on the scutum, which resembles a dim spring moon. The specific name .Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Castanopsiscuspidata and Quercussessilifolia. This species was sympatric with P.pallidofasciata and P.conocephali in some localities. Our rearing records suggested that this species was univoltine; it overwinters as a pupa and the adult emerged in spring. The habitats of this species are stream banks and mesic slopes in warm temperate evergreen forests dominated by Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu Fig. .P.islandica and P.bornholmensis recorded respectively from Iceland and Denmark; it is distinguished from P.islandica by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium , and from P.bornholmensis by the form of the sclerite of the basal distiphallus . This species also resembles P.igniculus and P.chichibuensis in the yellow oblong obscure pattern of the scutum; it is distinguished from P.igniculus by the absence of a pair of lateral brown patches on the 2nd abdominal tergite (present in P.igniculus), and from P.chichibuensis by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff23.\ufeffKatosp. nov.8DA6D0FD-C704-515D-B658-97C2EDA2E939https://zoobank.org/C786D7C2-26CE-42B4-B67F-7F74FD146759Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a404), Mt. Kora, Kurume, Fukuoka Pref. , 11-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 20-IV-2010, NSMT-I-Dip 32024. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26422\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 1\u20133-I-2010, NSMT-I-Dip 32025\u201332027; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-532), Ashizuri-misaki, Tosashimizu, Kochi Pref., 26-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 31-III-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 32028; 2\u2640 , Han-yama, Yaku Is., Kumage, Kagoshima Pref., 29-III-2017 (as larva), emerged on 8-IV-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32029, 32030.C.orientalis; 1\u2640, Mt. Inao, Kimotsuki, Kagoshima Pref., 28-II-2000 (as larva), emerged on 4-IV-2000. Japan: 6\u26426\u2640, Mikisato, Owase, Mie Pref., 30-XII-2020 (as larva), emerged on 20-II\u201315-III-2021; 3\u26425\u2640, Tategasaki, Kumano, Mie Pref., 23-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 26-IV\u201318-V-2021; 1\u2640, Mt. Kosho, Asakura, Fukuoka Pref., 11-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 18-IV-2010; 12\u264215\u2640, Mt. Kora, Kurume, Fukuoka Pref., 29-IV-2008 (as larva), emerged on 1\u20133-V-2008; 1\u26422\u2640, Mt. Osuzu, Tsuno, Miyazaki Pref., 15-XII-2020 (as larva), emerged on 23\u201328-II-2013; 1\u26422\u2640, Shinkawa-keikoku, Kirishima, Kagoshima Pref., 31-III-2071 (as larva), emerged on 13\u201327-IV-2017; 1\u2640, Tashiro, Kinko, Kimotsuki, Kagoshima Pref., 18-V-2013 collected on thallus of st flagellomere with yellow arista, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb comprising six long fused tubercle-like setae, but lacking an inner-lateral tubercle-like seta. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumorientalis. A large dark species (wing length 2.1\u20132.7 mm) having pruinose dark brown scutum, black 1Adult male  growing on mesic soils in warm-temperate broadleaf evergreen forests.Fig.  Larvae cCastanopsissieboldii and Quercusglauca , Yuni-ishikari-gawa, Soun-kyo, Kamikawa, Hokkaido , 31-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 3-VII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32031. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26421\u2640 , Yuni-ishikari-gawa, Soun-kyo, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 1-VI-2020 (as larva), emerged on 8\u201312-VII-2020, NSMT-I-Dip 32032, 32033; 2\u2642 , Shirabiso-toge, Kamimura, Iida, Nagano Pref., 17-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 22-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32034, 32035; 1\u26421\u2640 , Sarukura, Hakuba, Nagano Pref., 11-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 21\u201324-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32036, 32037.Japan: 7\u264212\u2640, Soun-kyo, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 31-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 11\u201322-VII-2021; 2\u26424\u2640, Aizankei, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 4-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 26-V\u20132-VI-2011; 2\u26426\u2640, Yuni-ishikari-gawa, Soun-kyo, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 1-VI-2020 (as larva), emerged on 5\u201314-VII-2020; 10\u26424\u2640, Nozuka-toge, Urakawa, Hokkaido, 30-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 5\u201318-VI-2021; 1\u26422\u2640, Mt. Tengu, Jozan-kei, Minami-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 2-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 7\u201310-VI-2021; 2\u26421\u2640, Jozan-kei, Minami-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 2-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 7\u201319-VI-2021; 1\u2642, Horoman-kyo, Samani, Hokkaido, 30-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 19-VI-2021.st flagellomere: male yellow, female black. The adult has a pruinose yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of black stripes, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 6\u20138 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumsalebrosum. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 2.2\u20132.3 mm) uniquely having sexual dimorphism in color of the 1Adult male  refers to heterosexually different colors of flagellomere: precisely, the male and female of this species have a yellow and a black flagellomere, respectively. The specific name .Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Abies spp., Picea spp. And Betula spp. . It also resembles P.bifasciata in having black stripes on scutum; it is distinguished from the latter by the morphology of surstylus of male genitalia  and the number of the black stripes .This species is unique in that male and female respectively has yellow and black 1Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff25.\ufeffKatosp. nov.6A411C5F-5B58-5EF5-862C-67C2F1B4E11Chttps://zoobank.org/524B0462-AA14-4B7C-83A2-B048C7CFBCFAHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a380), Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref. , 25-III-2021 , emerged on 6-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32038. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a429), same data as holotype, emerged on 5-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32039; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a405), Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref., 10-XII-2016 , emerged on 3-V-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32040; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-498), Akka, Iwaizumi, Iwate Pref., 8-V-2010 , emerged on 8-VI-2010, NSMT-I-Dip 32041; 1\u26421\u2640 , Nippara, Okutama, Tokyo Pref., 27-III-2021 , emerged on 8-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32042, 32043; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a298), Nishiyama-onsen, Hayakawa, Yamanashi Pref., 18-III-2017 , emerged on 4-V-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32044.Conocephalumsalebrosum: 3\u26421\u2640, Hashigami, Yamane, Kuji, Iwate Pref., 5-V-2012 (as larva), emerged on 5-29\u20135-VI-2012; 2\u26426\u2640, Mt. Futago, Ogano, Chichibu-gun, Saitama Pref., 28-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 19-IV\u201310-VI-2015; 4\u264212\u2640, Nippara, Okutama, Tokyo Pref., 15-III-2016 (as larva), emerged on 5\u201313-V-2016; 2\u26421\u2640, Akiyama-go, Sakae-mura, Nagano Pref., 3-V-2015 (as larva), emerged on 26-V\u201314-VII-2020; 8\u264218\u2640, Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref., 15-V-2018 (as larva), emerged on 1\u20134-VI-2018; 2\u26425\u2640, Sengataki, Uminokuchi, Minami-maki, Nagano Pref., 28-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 3-V\u201310-VI-2014; 4\u26426\u2640, Azusayama, Kawakami-mura, Nagano Pref., 28-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 25\u20132-V-2014. Japan: On Conocephalumorientalis: 1\u2642, Tairadate, Sotogahama, Higashitsugaru, Aomori Pref., 26-V-2012 (as larva), emerged on 1\u201315-VI-2012; 1\u2640, Yusen-kyo, Yamadera, Yamagata Pref., 15-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 3-V\u20133-VI-2014.On Conocephalumpurpureorubrum: 2\u26421\u2640, Akka, Iwaizumi, Iwate Pref., 5-V-2012 (as larva), emerged on 2\u20136-VI-2012; 20\u264222\u2640, Mitsumine-jinja, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 26-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 30-IV\u20132-V-2021; 1\u2640, Sarukura, Hakuba, Nagano Pref., 9-VI-2013 (as larva), emerged on 22-VII-2013; 1\u2642, Mitsumine-jinja, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 13-V-2011 (as larva), emerged on 12-VI-2011.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 5\u20137 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumsalebrosum,C.orientalis and C.purpureorubrum. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9\u20132.2 mm) having pruinose yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of gray stripes, a black 1Adult male  refers to the brown stripes on the scutum. The specific name  growing on mesic soils in cool-temperate broadleaf deciduous forests.Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Faguscrenata,Cercidiphyllumjaponicum, and Quercuscrispula . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff26.\ufeffKatosp. nov.D6B14157-6CCE-5DCB-81FD-78514B4D73F6https://zoobank.org/C8B683ED-E6C7-401F-ADF4-73F11F414EF8Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a519), Tazukawa-keikoku, Katsuura, Tokushima Pref. , 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 27-IV-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32045. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26422\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 27-IV\u20131-V-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 32046\u201332048; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-676), Asahi-daki, Shuzenji, Izu, Shizuoka Pref., 7-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 20-IV-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 32049; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a240) Mt. Ichifusa, Mizukami, Kuma, Kumamoto Pref., 14-XII-2012 (as larva), emerged on 22-III-2013, NSMT-I-Dip 32050.Japan: 3\u26421\u2640, Momiki, Izumi, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto Pref., 23-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on ?-VI-2015; 2\u2642, Yoro-keikoku, Otaki, Isumi, Chiba Pref., 17-III-2016 (as larva), emerged on 18\u201320-IV-2016; 1\u26422\u2640, Amagi-toge, Izu, Shizuoka Pref., 19-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 8-V\u20133-VI-2021; 2\u26422\u2640, Kuki, Owase, Mie Pref., 29-III-2019 (as larva), emerged on 9\u201330-IV-2019; 1\u2640, Takinohai, Kozagawa, Wakayama Pref., 13-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 19-IV-2014; 2\u2640, Wabuka, Kushimoto, Wakayama Pref., 4-V-2012 (as larva), emerged on 9-IV-2012; 7\u26428\u2640, Narutaki, Ichiu, Tsurugi, Tokushima Pref., 31-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 28-IV\u201320-V-2021; 1\u26422\u2640, Yasui-keikoku, Niyodogawa, Agawa, Kochi Pref., 27-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 25-IV-2011; 3\u2640, Mt. Kosho, Asakura, Fukuoka Pref., 11-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 1\u201313-V-2016; 1\u2642, Amagi-toge, Izu, Kaeda-keikoku, Kagamisu, Miyazaki, Miyazaki Pref. Pref., 11-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 19-IV-2021.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with an extended, apically flattened tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 3\u20135 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumorientalis. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9\u20132.0 mm) having pruinose yellow scutum with two pairs of pale brown stripes, a black 1Adult male  refers to the two pairs of pale brown stripes on the scutum. The specific name .Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Castanopsiscuspidata and Quercusglauca. Our rearing records suggest that this species is univoltine, and that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring.The habitats of this species are stream banks and mesic slopes in warm temperate evergreen forests dominated by Japan: Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu Fig. .P.nigroflava,P.brunofasciata, and P.bifasciata in having two pairs of dark lateral stripes on the scutum; it is distinguished from them by the color of the stripes , and by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium . The locality records of P.pallidofasciata are concentrated along southern sea coasts, while those of P.luteola are scattered in higher altitudes and in northern areas.This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff27.\ufeffKatosp. nov.5B4B5EE7-E88D-522D-93BA-A57B159DDE3Dhttps://zoobank.org/CFF5A73E-5132-4E3D-80F6-7AD3BFB6FBDDHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a407), Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref. , 25-III-2021 , emerged on 5-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32051. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a241), type locality, 15-V-2018 , emerged on 31-V-2018, NSMT-I-Dip 32052; 2\u2640 , type locality, 10-XII-2016 , emerged on 3-V-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32053, 32054; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-319), Iwaobetsu, Shari, Hokkaido, 1-V-2021 , emerged on 11-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32055; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a263), Ashiu, Nantan, Kyoto Pref., 28-IV-2010 , emerged on 30-V-2010, NSMT-I-Dip 32056.Conocephalumsalebrosum: 3\u26423\u2640, Iwaobetsu, Shari, Hokkaido, 1-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 7\u201315-VI-2019; 1\u26421\u2640, Horoka, Kamishihoro, Hokkaido, 31-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 24-VI\u20132-VII-2021; 3\u26423\u2640, Horoman-kyo, Samani, Hokkaido, 30-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 22-V\u20138-VI-2021; 5\u26427\u2640, Mt. Horoiwa, Saroma, Tokoro, Hokkaido, 1-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 1\u20138-VI-2021; 5\u26427\u2640, Soun-kyo, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 1-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 31-V\u201326-VI-2021; 4\u26425\u2640, Samani-dam, Samani, Hokkaido, 30-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 5\u201313-VI-2021; 6\u264210\u2640, Narahara, Ueno, Tano, Gunnma Pref., 18-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201322-V-2021; 3\u26423\u2640, Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref., 10-XII-2016 (as larva), emerged on 24-IV\u20131-V-2016; 13\u26429\u2640, Sarukura, Hakuba, Nagano Pref., 11-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 7\u201319-VI-2021; 4\u26424\u2640, Shirahone-onsen, Matsumoto, Nagano Pref., 14-V-2011 (as larva), emerged on 9\u201317-VI-2011; 3\u26422\u2640, Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 29-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 25\u201330-V-2012; 1\u26424\u2640, Mt. Toyoguchi, Ooshika, Shimo-ina, Nagano Pref., 29-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 30\u201331-V-2012; 2\u2642, Azusayama, Kawakami-mura, Nagano Pref., 28-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 27-V-2014; 1\u26421\u2640, Abe-toge, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 30-IX-2014 (as larva), emerged on 24-IV\u20131-V-2014;. Japan: On Conocephalumorientalis: 1\u26421\u2640, Nakanomata, Hachimori, Yatsumine, Aomori Pref., 6-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 30-IV\u20136-V-2014; 6\u264212\u2640, Yusen-kyo, Yamadera, Yamagata Pref., 15-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 7-V\u20134-VI-2012; 1\u26421\u2640, Saruyama, Monzen, Wajima, Ishikawa Pref., 4-V-2013 (as larva), emerged on 22-V-2013; 3\u26427\u2640, Uchinami, Katsuhara, Oono, Fukui Pref., 13-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 13\u201318-V-2011; 3\u26424\u2640, Suizu, Tsuruga, Fukui Pref., 11-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201320-IV-2012; 2\u26423\u2640, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 5-IV-2017 (as larva), emerged on 8\u201312-V-2017; 41\u264242\u2640, Tazukawa-keikoku, Katsuura, Tokushima Pref., 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 25\u201330-IV-2021; 7\u26428\u2640, Narutaki, Ichiu, Tsurugi, Tokushima Pref.2, 31-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 28-IV\u20132-V-2021.On Conocephalumpurpureorubrum: 2\u26423\u2640: Tanneso, Rubeshibetsu, Hiroo, Hokkaido, 2-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 19\u201321-V-2011; 1\u26421\u2640, Toyoni-gawa, Erimo, Toyoizumi, Hokkaido, 1-VI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 24\u201326-VI-2021; 4\u2640, Eniwa-keikoku, Eniwa, Hokkaido, 2-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 1\u20136-VI-2021; 1\u26421\u2640, Namari-kawa, Yakumo, Futami, Hokkaido, 2-VI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 18\u201327-VI-2021; 3\u26426\u2640, Kamiyasse, Kesennuma, Miyagi Pref., 25-III-2016 (as larva), emerged on 30-IV\u20135-V-2016; 6\u264210\u2640, Narahara, Ueno, Tano, Gunnma Pref., 18-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201321-V-2021; 2\u2640, Nakabusa-onsen, Azumino, Nagano Pref., 5-V-2016 (as larva), emerged on 8-VI-2016; 3\u26422\u2640, Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 29-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 25\u201330-V-2012; 2\u26423\u2640, Irisawai, Oshika, Nagano Pref., 26-V\u20135-VI-2011 (as larva), emerged on 22-V-2013; 1\u2642, Usuzuka, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 25-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 22-V-2011; 2\u26422\u2640, Yugashima, Izu, Shizuoka Pref., 7-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 9\u201318-IV-2012; 3\u26427\u2640, Uchinami, Katsuhara, Oono, Fukui Pref., 13-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 13\u201318-V-2011.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with an extended, apically flattened tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 3\u20135 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumsalebrosum,C.orientalis, and C.purpureorubrum. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9\u20132.0 mm) having pruinose, entirely yellow scutum and scutellum, a black 1Adult male  refers to totally yellow body of the species. The specific name .Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Quercuscrispula,Aesculusturbinata, and Pterocaryarhoifolia . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff28.\ufeffKatosp. nov.C2B4E586-FB37-519D-A92E-05D8E21AC92Fhttps://zoobank.org/F54BEE66-8544-474C-B9DB-2DD1C37B7E65Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a540), Mitsumine, Chichibu, Saitama Pref. , 26-III-2021 (as larva on C.purpureorubrum), emerged on 17-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32057. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a541), same data as holotype, NSMT-I-Dip 32058. 2\u26422\u2640 , Eniwa-keikoku, Eniwa, Hokkaido, 2-V-2021 , emerged on 10\u201315-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32059\u201332062.Conocephalumsalebrosum: 1\u2642, Mt. Horoiwa, Saroma, Tokoro, Hokkaido, 1-X-2016 (as larva), emerged on 4-V-2016; 1\u2642, Usuzuka, Fujinomiya, Funbe, Hiroo, Hokkaido Pref., 27-VIII-2014 (as larva), emerged on 16-V-2014. Japan: On Conocephalumpurpureorubrum: 1\u26421\u2640, Iwaobetsu, Shari, Hokkaido, 1-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 11\u201315-VI-2021; 1\u2640, Samani-dam, Samani, Hokkaido, 30-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 15-VI-2021.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with an extended, apically flattened tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising three or four long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumsalebrosum and C.purpureorubrum. A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.8\u20132.1 mm) having a pruinose light yellow scutum and scutellum, a yellow 1Adult male  refers to pale yellow body and antennae of this species. The specific name .Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Quercuscrispula and Ulmusdavidiana .This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff29.\ufeffKatosp. nov.6DCE2C37-2A7D-56CB-9E9B-3C41AFCC55B5https://zoobank.org/37D392D3-B139-456D-A40D-A341EEDF2341Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a349), Ikawa-toge, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref. , 26-V-2021 , emerged on 21-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32063. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 11\u201316-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32064, 32065; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a382), Namari-kawa, Yakumo, Futami, Hokkaido, 6-VI-2021 (as larva on C.purpureorubrum), emerged on 15-VI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32066; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-542), Akka, Iwaizumi, Iwate Pref., 17-XI-2014 , emerged on 26-IV-2015, NSMT-I-Dip 32067; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a242), Haccho-toge, Ogano, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 14-XI-2010 (as larva on C.purpureorubrum), emerged on 6-V-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 32068; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a272), Yoro-keikoku, Otaki, Isumi, Chiba Pref., 24-II-2012 , emerged on 9-V-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 32069; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a274), Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref., 10-XII-2016 , emerged on 5-V-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32070.Conocephalumsalebrosum: 1\u26422\u2640, Akka, Iwaizumi, Iwate Pref., 17-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 26-IV\u20133-V-2014; 2\u2640, Otaki, Akiu, Taihaku, Sendai, Miyagi Pref., 14-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 22-IV-2014; 1\u2642, Yusen-kyo, Yamadera, Yamagata Pref., 15-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 1-V-2014; 2\u2640, Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref., 10-XII-2016 (as larva), emerged on 3\u20135-V-2016; 1\u26421\u2640, Mt. Hakusan, Hakusan, Ishikawa Pref., 3-V-2013 (as larva), emerged on 24\u201331-V-2013. Japan: On Conocephalumorientalis: 1\u26421\u2640, Yachi, Kawaba, Gunma Pref., 14-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 20\u201324-V-2012; 1\u2640, Yoro-keikoku, Otaki, Isumi, Chiba Pref., 24-I-2012 (as larva), emerged on 9-V-2012; 1\u2642, Amagi-toge, Izu, Kaeda-keikoku, Kagamisu, Miyazaki, Miyazaki Pref. Pref., 17-II-2009 (as larva), emerged on 26-III-2009; 3\u2642, Ashikubo, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 13-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 30-IV\u20131-V-2012; 1\u2640, Yasui-keikoku, Niyodogawa, Agawa, Kochi Pref., 27-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 15-IV-2011; 1\u2640, Gokanosho, Itsuki, Kumamoto Pref., 23-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on 25-IV-2015; 1\u26421\u2640, Shiibarui, Izumi, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto Pref., 23-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on 5\u201320-V-2015; 1\u2640, Mt. Kosho, Asakura, Fukuoka Pref., 11-IV-2010 (as larva), emerged on 4-V-2010.On Conocephalumpurpureorubrum: 1\u26421\u2640, Haccho-toge, Ogano, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 14-XI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 26-IV\u20136-V-2010; 2\u2640, Mt. Toyoguchi, Ooshika, Shimo-ina, Nagano Pref., 30-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 1\u20135-VI-2012; 1\u2640, Mt. Ishizuchi, Kuma-kogen, Ehime Pref., 4-V-2014 (as larva), emerged on 16-V-2014.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a hypertrophied tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising three or four long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumsalebrosum,C.orientalis and C.purpureorubrum. A large yellow species (wing length 2.2\u20132.3 mm) having a shiny yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of black stripes, a black 1Adult male.Head:  refers to a pair of black stripes on the yellow scutum. The specific name .Larvae construct linear mines in the midrib of the thallus, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Quercuscrispula,Faguscrenata and Aesculusturbinata  and by the dissimilarity of color between the outer and inner pairs of the stripes (color is similar between outer and inner pairs in the other species). This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff30.\ufeffStrobl9D688E02-82AE-5D24-A0A6-2FADBDDB1B2FAgromyzaalpicola Strobl, 1898: 272.Liriomyzaalpicola Hendel, 1931: 206.Phytoliriomyzaalpicola Spencer, 1971: 162.Lemurimyzaalpicola .Papp, 1984: 306.Phytoliriomyzaalpicola Sasakawa, 2008: 137; Conocephalumsalebrosum: 1\u2640, Yuni-ishikari-gawa, Soun-kyo, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 5-VI-2016 (as larva), emerged on 22-VI-2016; 1\u2642, Samani-dam, Samani, Hokkaido, 1-VI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 3-VII-2021; 1\u2640, Renge-onsen, Itoigawa, Niigata Pref., 15-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on ?-VI-2011; 27\u264236\u2640, Ikawa-toge, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Pref., 26-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 30-V\u201327-VI-2021. Japan: On Conocephalumorientalis: 5\u2640, Iwadate, Hachimori, Happo, Yamamoto, Akita Pref., 16-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 2\u201318-V-2014; 1\u2640, Futto, Toei, Kitashidara, Aichi Pref., 9-III-2013 (as larva), emerged on 2-V-2013; 1\u2640, Nekata, Hamakita, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Pref., 8-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 8-V-2012; 1\u2640, Saruyama, Monzen, Wajima, Ishikawa Pref., 4-V-2013 (as larva), emerged on 3-VI-2013; 1\u2640, Chiisago, Kaminokuni, Hiyama, Hokkaido, 11-VI-2012 (as larva), emerged on 16-VI-2012.On Conocephalumpurpureorubrum: 1\u2640, Iwaobetsu, Shari, Hokkaido, 3-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 26-V-2011; 1\u2640, Irisawai, Oshika, Nagano Pref., 29-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 2-VI-2011; 1\u2642, Horoman-kyo, Samani, Hokkaido, 30-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 25-V-2021; 1\u2640, Tanneso, Rubeshibetsu, Hiroo, Hokkaido, 2-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 19-V-2011; 1\u26421\u2640, Kanna-gawa, Nakatsugawa, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 19-VIII-2002 (as larva), emerged on 5-V-2002; 1\u2640, Irisawai, Oshika, Nagano Pref., 20-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 2-VI-2011.On st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and dark gray legs. Male epandrium inner-subdistally with a hypertrophied tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising six or seven long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalumsalebrosum,C.orientalis and C.purpureorubrum.A medium-sized dark species (wing length 1.7\u20131.8 mm) having pruinose dark gray scutum, yellow scutellum, a black 1Adult male.Head: .Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Quercuscrispula and Faguscrenata, riparian forests dominated by Cercidiphyllumjaponicum  and by the number and arrangement of tubercle-like setae in a comb on the male epandrium . P.alpicola also resembles P.marchantiae,P.lanternaria,P.rebouliae, and P.conocephali in having dark brown scutum and yellow scutellum; it is distinguished from them by the absence of a small medial yellow mark on the posterior margin of the scutum, and by the absence of dark bands at the lateral margins of the yellow scutellum. This species was reported from Scotland by Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff31.\ufeffKatosp. nov.39222827-34A0-505D-9F06-6B46FD8A05CFhttps://zoobank.org/A8BEF529-86DC-4CBC-AA58-4ADFFAF30AADHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a290), Hachijo Is., Tokyo Pref. , 17-II-2012 , emerged on 23-IV-2013, NSMT-I-Dip 32071. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26422\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 8-IV\u20132-V-2013, NSMT-I-Dip 32072\u201332074; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a473), Anbo, Yaku Is., Kumage, Kagoshima Pref., 30-III-2017 , emerged on 15-VII-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32075.Conocephalumorientalis: 2\u2642, Mt. Horoiwa, Saroma, Tokoro, Hokkaido, 1-V-2021 (as larva), emerged on 7-VI-2021; 1\u2640, Namari-kawa, Yakumo, Futami, Hokkaido, 2-VI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 16-VI-2016; 3\u26429\u2640, Hachijo Is., Tokyo Pref., 17-II-2012 (as larva), emerged on 8-IV\u20132-V-2012; 1\u2640, Fuchigasawa, Kimitsu, Chiba Pref., 13-V-2008 (as larva), emerged on 31-V-2013. Japan: On st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and yellowish brown legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long ventrally directed tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a siku-shaped comb comprising seven fused tubercle-like setae. A medium-sized dark species (wing length 1.8\u20131.9 mm) having pruinose dark gray scutum with mid-posterior yellow margin, yellow scutellum with dark lateral corners, black 1Conocephalumorientalis.Larva mines the thallus of Adult male  refers to the faint yellow spot on the scutellum, which reminds us of a lantern light. The specific name  growing on mesic soils in various types of forests.Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines Fig. .Castanopsiscuspidata and cool temperate deciduous forests dominated by Quercuscrispula . It is also distinguished from P.marchantiae and P.rebouliae by the absence of a tubercle-like seta on the surstylus of the male epandrium, and from P.conocephali by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium . This species resembles P.alpicola in the color patterns of the scutum, but is distinguished from the latter by its gray scutum , dark-sided scutellum , and number and arrangement of tubercle-like setae on the male epandrium . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff32.\ufeffKatosp. nov.6A8ECAF1-C853-5FE0-87DE-E0C6F054A932https://zoobank.org/10851865-0EEE-4AE0-BB92-C5858AB04C1BHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a269), Ashiu, Nantan, Kyoto Pref. , 29-XI-1998 , emerged on 26-V-1999, NSMT-I-Dip 32076. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a408), type locality, 8-IV-2012 , emerged on 13-V-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 32077; 2\u2642 , Ashiu, Nantan, Kyoto Pref., 13-XI-2001 (as larva on C.japonicum), emerged on ?-IV-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32078\u201332079; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a9), Soun-kyo, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 18-X-2018 (as larva on C.japonicum), emerged on 7-V-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32080; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a8), Dainichi, Kakegawa, Shizuoka Pref., 3-I-2016 (as larva on C.japonicum), emerged on 24-IV-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 32081; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-726), Saruyama, Monzen, Wajima, Ishikawa Pref., 4-V-2013 , emerged on 3-VI-2013, NSMT-I-Dip 32082; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a7), Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 2-III-2019 , emerged on 16-IV-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32083; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a6), Chikatsuyu, Nakaheji, Tanabe, Wakayama Pref., 3-III-2012 , emerged on 9-IV-2012, NSMT-I-Dip 32084.C.orientalis: 3\u26423\u2640, Yusen-kyo, Yamadera, Yamagata Pref., 15-IV-2012 (as larva), emerged on 19-V\u20132-VI-2012; Hosorogi, Awara, Ishikawa Pref., 1-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 5\u201324-V-2011; 4\u26423\u2640, Suizu, Tsuruga, Fukui Pref., 11-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 12-IV\u20138-V-2012; 1\u2642\u2640, Seryo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 22-IX-2002 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201316-V-2002; 5\u264215\u2640, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 5-IV-2017 (as larva), emerged on 12\u201322-IV-2017; 1\u26422\u2640, Mt. Gyojagaeri, Kamikitayama, Nara Pref., 31-VII-1999 (as larva), emerged on 25-VIII\u20135-X-1999; 4\u26425\u2640, Wadagawa-kyo, Kumanogawa, Shingu, Wakayama Pref., 7-VII-2021 (as larva), emerged on 26-VII\u20135-VIII-2021; 6\u2640, Wabuka, Kushimoto, Wakayama Pref., 4-III-2012 (as larva), emerged on 9-IV\u201323-V-2017; 2\u26428\u2640, Taishaku-kyo, Shobara, Hiroshima Pref., 9-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201327-V-2011; 2\u26424\u2640, Narutaki, Ichiu, Tsurugi, Tokushima Pref., 31-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 11-V\u20132-VI-2021; 1\u26421\u2640, Yasui-keikoku, Niyodogawa, Agawa, Kochi Pref., 27-II-2011 (as larva), emerged on 24\u201326-IV-2011; 2\u264214\u2640, Nanatsudake, Tamanoura, Fukue Is. Goto, Pref., 9-X-1998 (as larva), emerged on 20-XI-1998\u20134-IV-1999; 3\u26424\u2640, Gokanosho, Itsuki, Kumamoto Pref., 10-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 10\u2013221-IV-2021; 1\u26424\u2640, Anbo, Yaku Is., Kumage, Kagoshima Pref., 30-II-2017 (as larva), emerged on ?-V-2017. Japan: On Conocephalumpurpureorubrum: 2\u2640, Toikanbetsu, Horonobe, Teshio, Hokkaido Pref., 5-X-2013 (as larva), emerged on ?-V-2013; 1\u2640, Yoro-keikoku, Otaki, Isumi, Chiba Pref., 17-III-2016 (as larva), emerged on 22-IV-2013; 1\u2640, Shirabiso-toge, Kamimura, Iida, Nagano Pref., 14-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 18-V-2012.On Conocephalumsalebrosum: 1\u2640, Shirabiso-toge, Kamimura, Iida, Nagano Pref., 14-X-2011 (as larva), emerged on 18-V-2012; 1\u2642, Usuzuka, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 15-VI-2013 (as larva), emerged on 8-VII-2013.On Conocephalumjaponicum: 1\u26421\u2640, Mt. Teine, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 24-VII-2011 (as larva), emerged on 15\u201317-VIII-2011; 1\u26424\u2640, Nishikawa, Nishimurayama, Yamagata Pref., 15-IV-2011 (as larva), emerged on 19-V\u20138-VI-2012; 4\u26428\u2640, Dainichi, Kakegawa, Shizuoka Pref., 3-I-2016 (as larva), emerged on 21-IV\u20131-V-2016; 4\u26428\u2640, Soun-kyo, Kamikawa, Hokkaido, 18-X-2016 (as larva), emerged on 20-IV\u20137-V-2016; 4\u26425\u2640, Wadagawa-kyo, Kumanogawa, Shingu, Wakayama Pref., 7-VII-2021 (as larva), emerged on 26-VII\u20135-VIII-2021; 3\u26424\u2640, Gokanosho, Itsuki, Kumamoto Pref., 10-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 10\u2013221-IV-2021.On st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and yellowish brown legs. Male epandrium inner-subdistally with a long ventrally directed tubercle-like seta, inner-laterally with a tubercle like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising five fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of all Japanese Conocephalum spp. A small dark species (wing length 1.3\u20131.7 mm) having a pruinose dark gray scutum with a mid-posterior yellow margin, a yellow scutellum with dark lateral corners, a black 1Adult male .C.orientalis are inconspicuous , while those on thin thalli of annual C.japonicum  are blackish and conspicuous. Larvae construct linear mines in the midrib of the thallus, and pupate in the mines Fig. . The minCastanopsiscuspidata and cool temperate deciduous forests dominated by Quercuscrispula. It is sympatric with P.izayoi,P.luteola, and P.lanternaria at some localities. Our rearing records suggest that this species is bivoltine, with adults emerging twice in spring and summer. The habitats of this species are stream banks and mesic slopes in warm temperate evergreen forests dominated by Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Yaku Island Fig. .P.suetsugui) among the Phytoliriomyza species associated with Conocephalum, and is the only species that mines the small thalli of C.japonicum. This species resembles P.marchantiae,P.rebouliae, and P.lanternaria in having a small yellow mark lying between the posterior scutum and the scutellum; it is distinguished from P.marchantiae and P.rebouliae by the presence of tubercle-like seta on the surstylus of the male epandrium, from P.lanternaria by the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium . This species is the second smallest , from P.fumicosta by the number of fused tubercle-like setae in a comb of the male epandrium .This species also resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff33.\ufeffKatosp. nov.96B78587-0248-5718-9A8F-EB676DE689CChttps://zoobank.org/C6207F26-047E-4F73-B42B-B92CB9291F39Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a221), Arakawa, Takae, Higashi-son, Okinawa Pref. , 22-II-2011 , emerged on 16-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 32085. Paratypes: Japan: 2\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype emerged on 14\u201322-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 32086\u201332088; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-766), Naon, Yamato, Oshima, Kagoshima Pref., 12-XII-2014 (as larva), emerged on 17-III-2015, NSMT-I-Dip 32089; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-761), Mt. Yonaha, Kunigami, Okinawa Pref., 18-VII-2016 , emerged on 14-X-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 32090.C.orientalis), emerged on 27-I\u201312-II-2022. Japan: 3\u26423\u2640, Arakawa, higashi-son, Okinawa Pref., 10-XI-2021  having a pruinose dark gray scutum and scutellum, a black 1Adult male , Iwakura-muramatsu, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref. , 12-XI-2020 (as larva on Ricciahuebeneriana), emerged on 1-XII-2020, NSMT-I-Dip 32091. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 2\u201316-XII-2020, NSMT-I-Dip 32092\u201332093; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-201), type locality, 27-X-2017 (as larva on R.huebeneriana), emerged on 13-XI-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32094; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-205), Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 16-XI-2017 (as larva on R.nipponica), emerged on 8-XII-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32095; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-234), Niken-chaya, Shizuichi-ichihara, Sakyo, Kyoto Pref., 18-XII-2015 (as larva on R.nipponica), emerged on 15-IV-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 32096;1\u2642 (MK-AG-a440), Nienami, Nango, Nichinan, Miyazaki Pref., 25-IX-2017 , emerged on 29-X-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32097.R.nipponica: 39\u264240\u2640, Niken-chaya, Shizuichi-ichihara, Sakyo, Kyoto Pref., 31-X-2015 (as larva), emerged on 25-XI-2015\u20138-IV-2016; 1\u2640, Midai-gawa. Tatsuoka, Nirasaki, Yamanashi Prec., 10-XII-2016 (as larva), emerged on 14-V-2017. Japan: On R.miyakeana: 1\u2640, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 16-XI-2017 (as larva), emerged on 10-XII-2017.On R.lamellosa: 1\u2642, Joja, Joso, Ibaragi Pref., 2-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 3-XII-2021.On R.oryzicola: 1\u2642, Somada, Wazuka, Soraku, Kyoto Pref., 15-X-2021 (as larva), emerged on 15-XI-2021; 1\u2640, Megami, Makinohara, Shizuoka Pref., 20-X-2017 (as larva), emerged on 3-I-2018; 1\u2640, Aono-gawa, Sanda, Hyogo Pref., 30-X-2017 (as larva), emerged on 26-XI-2017.On R.bifurca: 1\u2642, Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 10-X-2021 (as larva), emerged on 21-X-2021.On R.huebeneriana: 2\u2640, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 16-X-2017 (as larva), emerged on 8\u201318-XII-2017; 1\u26421\u2640, Mt. Osuzu, Tsuno, Miyazaki Pref., 24-IX-2017 (as larva), emerged on 15-X-2017; 1\u26421\u2640, Urauchi, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 9-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 30-XI-2021; 1\u2642, Nametoko, Matsuno, Kita-uwa, Ehime Pref., 3-X-2021 (as larva), emerged on 20-X-2021; 3\u2640, Kayo, Nago, Okinawa Pref., 10-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 22\u201328-XI-2021.On R.canaliculata: 3\u2642, Nienami, Nango, Nichinan, Miyazaki Pref., 25-IX-2017 (as larva), emerged on 17\u201329-IX-2017.On st flagellomere, dark maxillary palpus, yellowish gray halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium with dorso-ventrally bilobed surstylus; dorsal arm with two short tubercle-like setae. Male epandrium with bilobed, dorsoventrally elongated surstyli. Distiphalli tapering toward apex and bilaterally asymmetrical. Larva mines the thallus of Riccia spp. A small species (wing length 1.0\u20131.3 mm) having a pruinose grayish yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of lateral dark gray stripes, a gray scutellum, yellow pleuron, black 1Adult male , R.miyakeana . Although the European species, P.mesnili has been recorded from Riccia and Ricciocarpos, P.ricciae has been recorded only from Riccia spp., even though Ricciocarposnatans was abundant in the same rice fields.ana Fig. , R.oryziola Fig. , R.bifurana Fig.  and R.caata Fig.  , the obscure dark lateral bands on scutum (more distinct in P.mesnili), the vestigial acrostichal seta , the small hypophallus ; it is distinguished from the latter by the vestigial acrostichal setae on the scutum (present in P.venustula), weaker sclerotization of male genitalia (well sclerotized in P.venustula), number of apical long setae on the ventral lobe of the surstylus , and the small but distinct hypophallus .This species is also closely related to another European species, P.ricciae resembles P.suetsugui,P.sexfasciata, and P.megacerotis in having wholly dark scutum and dark maxillary palpus; it is distinguished from them by the absence of a comb of tubercle-like setae on the male epandrium. This species also resembles P.ugetsu,P.caerulescens, and P.phaeocerotis in having a wholly dark scutum; it is distinguished from them by the color of maxillary pulps .Among the Japanese species, Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff35.\ufeffKatosp. nov.65D8B741-B29D-5499-93F1-55905D51DA07https://zoobank.org/23B90D2D-BB82-494F-94B2-EA5703FDC06BHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a574), Ookura, Arashiyama, Hiki, Saitama Pref. , 2-XI-2021 , emerged on 25-XI-2020, NSMT-I-Dip 32098. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26422\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 17\u201325-XI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32099\u201332101; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a568), Joja, Joso, Ibaragi Pref., 2-XI-2021 , emerged on 19-XI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32102; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a585), Joja, Joso, Ibaragi Pref., 10-X-2021 (as larva on Ricciabifurca), emerged on 8-XI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32103.R.lamellosa:11\u264214\u2640, Negishi, Arashiyama, Hiki, Saitama Pref., 2-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 17-XI\u201312-XII-2021; 3\u26425\u2640, Joja, Joso, Ibaragi Pref., 2-XI-2021 , emerged on 8\u201329-XI-2021.On R.sorocarpa: 3\u26423\u2640, Joja, Joso, Ibaragi Pref., 2-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 22-XI\u201326-XII-2021.On st flagellomere, brown maxillary palpus, yellowish gray halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-distally with a strong tubercle-like seta and inner-basally with a cluster of 29\u201335 dense tubercle-like setae. Distiphalli bilaterally asymmetrical, with left one tapering toward apex. Larva mines the thallus of Riccialamellosa,R.sorocarpa and R.bifurca.A small species (wing length 1.2\u20131.5 mm) having a pruinose grayish scutum with six longitudinal dark gray bands, a gray scutellum, brown 1Adult male.Head:  refers to the six dark gray stripes on the scutum. The specific name .This species is unique in that the scutum is six-banded , and in the male epandrium having a clump (not a comb) of 25\u201330 short tubercle-like setae on the basal margin. This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff36.\ufeffKatosp. nov.C42A1498-7562-5367-A225-1AA98BE82238https://zoobank.org/7DA0D0D4-177C-474E-BFC2-7E0F1F180508Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a562), Ugan-zaki, Ishigaki-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref. , 7-XI-2021 (as larva on Ricciabillardieri), emerged on 19-XI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32104. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a558), same data as holotype, NSMT-I-Dip 32105; 1\u26422\u2640 , Komi, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 9-XI-2021 (as larva on Ricciabillardieri), emerged on 17-XI\u20138-XII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32106\u201332108; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a576), Urauchi, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 8-XI-2021 (as larva on Ricciahuebeneriana), emerged on 25-XI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32109.R.billardieri: 65\u264270\u2640, same data as holotype, 7-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 19-XI\u20135-XII-2021; 85\u264282\u2640, Komi, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 9-XI -2021 (as larva), emerged on 22-XI\u2013811-XII-2021; 18\u264225\u2640, Urauchi, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 9-XI -2021 (as larva), emerged on 22-XI\u2013811-XII-2021. Japan: On R.huebeneriana: 2\u26423\u2640, Ugan-zaki, Ishigaki-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref. 7-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 22\u201324-XI-2021; 10\u26424\u2640, Komi, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 9-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 16\u201329-XI-2021; 13\u264210\u2640, Urauchi, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 9-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 27-XI\u201315-XII-2021.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, gray halteres, and yellowish brown legs. Male scutum uniquely with a pair of bluish bands. Male epandrium inner-laterally with two strong tubercle-like setae, and with ventrally elongated surstylus. Distiphalli bilaterally asymmetrical and tapering toward apex. Larva mines the thallus of Ricciabillardieri and R.huebeneriana. A small species (wing length 1.1\u20131.3 mm) having a pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, brown 1Adult male  refers to the bluish bands on the scutum, which are especially prominent in the female.The specific name .eri Fig.  and R.huana Fig.  .This species is unique in that the female has blue lateral bands on the scutum. It resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff37.\ufeffKatosp. nov.65846D67-9717-5F3C-BBC6-1D8052652938https://zoobank.org//CFCA1020-3149-4BAB-98D8-32D80783407FHolotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a310), Mt. Osuzu, Tsuno, Miyazaki Pref. , 11-IV-2021 (as larva), emerged on 26-IV-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32110. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26422\u2640 , type locality, 14-VII-2021 (as larva), emerged on 1\u20136-VIII-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32111\u201332113.Japan: 2\u26421\u2640, Mt. Osuzu, Tsuno, Miyazaki Pref., 14-VII-2021 (as larva), emerged on 31-VII\u201318-VIII-2021.st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with one strong tubercle-like seta. Distiphalli tapering toward apex, fused after meeting, elongated over the length of phallapodeme. Larva mines the thallus of a hornwort, Foliocerosfuciformis.A small species (wing length 1.1\u20131.3 mm) having a subshiny black scutum, black scutellum with small yellow spot centrally, yellow 1Adult male .Mines are extremely inapparent because the thalli are thick and often overlapping Fig. .Castanopsissieboldii and Quercushelva . These two species were found sympatrically at the type locality, where their host plants, Marchantiapapillatagrossibarba and Foliocerosfuciformis, grow in similar riparian habitats. Irrespective of their similar external morphology, these species are evidently distantly related, given their greatly differing genital morphology. This species resembles The three agromyzid species recorded from hornworts all had a dark scutum, but varied among species in color of antenna, color of maxillary palpus, and comb of tubercle-like setae on male epandrium. They also had common characteristics in the male genitalia; the distiphallus is little sclerotized, elongated, and tapering toward the apex. These characteristics of the male genitalia in hornwort-associated species suggest their monophyletic origin.Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff38.\ufeffKatosp. nov.B329DE62-E344-544C-9E07-4C524418D728https://zoobank.org/658789E1-B6A7-464B-B701-5D17528CC4E3Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a417), Kotonotaki, Susami, Wakayama Pref. , 24-III-2020 (as larva), emerged on 1-V-2020, NSMT-I-Dip 32114. Paratypes: Japan: 1\u26422\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 30-IV\u20132-V-2020, NSMT-I-Dip 32115\u201332117; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-146), Tashiro, Kinko, Kimotsuki, Kagoshima Pref., 22-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on 1-V-2015, NSMT-I-Dip 32118; 1\u26421\u2640 , Yasukawa-keikoku, Tanabe, Wakayama Pref., 31-VII-2015 (as larva), emerged on 3-IX-2015, NSMT-I-Dip 32119\u201332120.Japan: 8\u26429\u2640, Kotonotaki, Susami, Wakayama Pref., 24-III-2020 (as larva), emerged on 31-I\u20132-V-2020; 16\u264228\u2640, Yasukawa-keikoku, Tanabe, Wakayama Pref., 31-VII-2015 (as larva), emerged on 25-VIII\u20132-IX-2020; 1\u2640, Wadagawa-kyo, Kumanogawa, Shingu, Wakayama Pref., 7-VII-2021 (as larva), emerged on 18-VIII-2021; 9\u264225\u2640, Tashiro, Kinko, Kimotsuki, Kagoshima Pref., 22-III-2015 (as larva), emerged on 30-IV\u201330-IV\u201310-V-2020; 1\u2640, Isso, Yaku Is., Kumage, Kagoshima Pref., 29-III-2017 (as larva), emerged on 12-V-2021.st flagellomere, black maxillary palpus, dark gray halteres, and dark gray legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb comprising five or six fused long tubercle-like setae; surstylus with a comb comprising five or six fused long tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of a riparian hornwort, Megacerosflagellaris. A small species (wing length 1.2\u20131.4 mm) having a pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, black 1Adult male .Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus, and pupate in and rarely out of the mines Fig. .Castanopsissieboldii . This species resembles Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraAgromyzidae\ufeff39.\ufeffKatosp. nov.D6949971-FB23-58D2-A867-C02605D5CA43https://zoobank.org/B6F924D3-86D3-4A6E-9C66-DE45C0188495Holotype: Japan: 1\u2642 (MK-AG-150), Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref. , 16-XI-2017 (as larva on Notothylastemperata), emerged on 2-I-2018, NSMT-I-Dip 32121. Paratypes: Japan: 2\u26421\u2640 , same data as holotype, emerged on 24-XI-2017\u20135-I-2018, NSMT-I-Dip 32122\u201332124; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-135), type locality, 22-IV-2016 (as larva on Phaeoceroscarolinianus), emerged on 10-V-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 32125; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a10), type locality, 15-XI-2019 (as larva on Ph.carolinianus), emerged on 18-XII-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32126; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a415), Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 17-XII-2019 (as larva on Anthocerospunctatus), emerged on 24-I-2020, NSMT-I-Dip 32127; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a375), Mt. Gion, Takahashi, Okayama Pref., 9-X-2017 (as larva on Notothylastemperata), emerged on 3-XI-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32128; 1\u2640 (MK-AG-a11), Shodon, Kakeroma Is., Setouchi, Kagoshima Pref., 24-I-2019 (as larva on Ph.carolinianus), emerged on 24-II-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32129; 1\u2642 (MK-AG-a12), Minami-bokujo, Yonaguni Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 5-III-2019 (as larva on Ph.carolinianus), emerged on 2-IV-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32130.Phaeoceroscarolinianus: 27\u264252\u2640, Yudenno-sato, Sugegaya, Makinohara, Shizuoka Pref., 9-I-2018 (as larva), emerged on 2\u201326-II-2018; 2\u26425\u2640, Megami, Makinohara, Shizuoka Pref., 10-XII-2017 (as larva), emerged on 30-I\u20137-II-2018; 11\u264214\u2640, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 3-I-2018 (as larva), emerged on 19-I\u201323-II-2018; 18\u264226\u2640, Shiozuka-kogen, Yamashiro, Miyoshi, Tokushima Pref., 5-XI-2017 (as larva), emerged on 29-XI-2017\u20139-II-2018; 6\u264215\u2640, Shodon, Kakeroma Is., Setouchi, Kagoshima Pref., 23-I-2019 (as larva), emerged on 2-II\u201311-III-2019; 2\u2642, Minami-bokujo, Yonaguni Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 5-III-2019 (as larva), emerged on 2-IV-2019. Japan: On Notothylastemperata: 1\u2640, Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 17-XII-2019 (as larva), emerged on 19-I-2020; 8\u264217\u2640, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 16-XI-2017 (as larva), emerged on 20-XI\u201321-II-2017; 1\u2642, Mita-ike, Toyokura, Kasai, Hyogo Pref., 30-X-2017 (as larva), emerged on 17-XII-2017; 9\u264210\u2640, Mt. Gion, Takahashi, Okayama Pref., 6-XI-2017 (as larva), emerged on 12-XI\u20135-XII-2017.On Notothylasorbicularis: 1\u2642, Izuruhara, Tamura, Tochigi Pref., 2-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 10-XII-2021.On Anthocerospunctatus: 1\u26421\u2640, Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 7-XII-2019 (as larva), emerged on 8\u201328-I-2020; 1\u26421\u2640, Mita-ike, Toyokura, Kasai, Hyogo Pref., 30-X-2017 (as larva), emerged on 28\u201329-XI-2017.On st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, brown halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a short tubercle-like seta. Distiphalli elongated, tapering toward apex, more than 2 \u00d7 longer than the phallapodeme. the larvae mine thalli of hornworts belonging to the following genera: Notothylas,Phaeoceros and Anthoceros. A small species (wing length 1.2\u20131.5 mm) that has a pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, brown 1Adult male , and Anthocerospunctatus (Anthocerotaceae). Four hornwort species belonging to 3 families were recorded to be host plants: Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus, and pupate in the mines Fig. . The larP.ricciae . This species also resembles P.scotica in morphology of epandrium and in having an extremely elongated distiphallus (P.scotica Spencer) and the broad shoehorn-shaped sclerites on the basal distiphallus (sclerites narrow P.scoticain ). This species resembles iphallus ; it is dMegacerosvincentianus in Mexico by Phytoliriomyzaphaeocerotis sp. nov. . Given the low species diversity of liverworts, the number of Phytoliriomyza species using two common liverwort genera, Conocephalum and Reboulia, 15 and 6 species, respectively, is notably high.Riccia). The mines are generally linear (particularly in early instars) and many larvae, particularly those mining in complex thalloid liverworts, excavate the lower parenchymatous layers of thalli, which makes their mines often obscure or invisible. As such, the mines are inconspicuous and cryptic, and even the biology of a well-known species, Phytoliriomyzadorsata, had been unknown until we reported it herein.The larvae of all of these species are thallus-miners; they pupate within mines unless the thalli are particularly thin and minute   ; P.pacif in Peru ; this spPhytoliriomyza species, 33 were recorded in Honshu, 19 in Shikoku, 17 in Kyushu, and ten in Hokkaido  were local and rare, the distribution of which are mainly restricted by the narrow range of host bryophytes. The marked loss of bryophytes growing in rice fields, Riccia,Phaeoceros,Notothylas, and Anthoceros spp., due to farmland consolidation, overuse of herbicides and insecticides, and abandonment of rice cultivation, is now threatening the agromyzid species associated with these bryophytes.Some species  are associated with Conocephalum; they differed in the armaments of tubercle-like setae, especially the number of tubercle-like setae in a comb and the position of the long tubercle-like seta on the inner-lateral surface of the epandrium  and they had various armaments of uniquely elongated/curved arms on the inner surface of the epandrium (Figs The liverwort-associated Phytoliriomyza species on the same host bryophytes can often be discriminated by the combined color patterns of the following external body parts: antenna, maxillary pulp, haltere, scutum, scutellum, and legs (Table In addition to male genitalia, these gs Table . These r"}
{"text": "The authors regret that an incorrect grant number for B. Y. Chen was given in the original manuscript. The correct acknowledgements section is as shown below.The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, under Grant No. MOST 104-2221-E-197-004-MY3 (S. H. Chang), 105-2221-E-002-047-MY3 (J. Z. Chen) and 106-2221-E-197-020-MY3 (B. Y. Chen).The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers."}
{"text": "Acrodictys isolates were collected from Hainan, China. Morphology from the cultures and phylogeny based on partial small subunit (SSU), entire internal transcribed spacer regions with intervening 5.8S (ITS), partial large subunit (LSU) of rRNA gene, partial beta-tubulin (tub2), and partial RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) genes were employed to identify these isolates. As a result, four new species, namely Acrodictys bawanglingensis sp. nov., A. diaoluoshanensis sp. nov., A. ellisii sp. nov., and A. pigmentosa sp. nov., are introduced. Illustrations and descriptions of the four taxa are provided, along with comparisons with closely related taxa in the genus. For facilitating relative studies, an updated key to all accepted species of this genus is also compiled.During our ongoing survey of dematiaceous hyphomycetes associated with dead branches in tropical forests, eight  Acrodictys M.B. Ellis was erected by Ellis and typified by A. bambusicola M.B. Ellis [Acrodictys has been followed for nearly 40 years until recent segregations starting at the beginning of this century [B. Ellis . In the  century ,3,4.Acrodictyella W.A. Baker and Partr., typified by A. obovata W.A. Baker and Partr., was considered the first genus to accommodate those species similar to Acrodictys but characterized by producing hyaline, muriform conidia, which secede well before maturation and become pigmented sometime after their release [Acrodictys sensu lato into four genera, viz. Acrodictys sensu stricto, Junewangia W.A. Baker and Morgan-Jones, Pseudoacrodictys W.A. Baker and Morgan-Jones and Rhexoacrodictys W.A. Baker and Morgan-Jones. The Acrodictys sensu stricto is mainly characterized by macronematous, mononematous, cylindrical, unbranched or infrequently branched, percurrently proliferating conidiophores, and muriform conidia [Acrodictys sensu stricto, Acrodictyaceae J.W. Xia and X.G. Zhang was introduced [ release . Based o release ,5 and Ba release  divided  conidia ,7. BasedAcrodictys sensu stricto are saprobic on dead branches. They are thought to be wood-decaying fungi, promoting the carbon cycle in the ecosystem by converting cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin into inorganic substances [https://www.gbif.org, accessed on 25 June 2022). Hainan Province  is an island in southern China. Its annual mean temperature is 22\u201327 \u00b0C, and its annual precipitation is 1000\u20132600 mm. It is a typical tropical rainforest climate, suitable for the growth and reproduction of wood-decaying fungi.Species in bstances . AlthougA. bambusicola, A. elaeidicola, A. fluminicola, A. globulosa, A. hainanensis, A. liputii, A. malabarica, A. peruamazonensis, and A. porosiseptata) have been documented from tropical areas in Hainan and Yunnan Provinces [Lauraceae and Fagaceae trees, and the fungi in pure culture were isolated from these dead branches. Fungi from these axenic cultures were identified based on classic morphological and modern molecular approaches. As a result, four new species are described and illustrated herein in the genus Acrodistys sensu stricto.In China, 12 isolates representing 9 species  to locate sporulating structures. Isolations were made with single spore methods according to the following steps: Spores were suspended with sterilized water and spread onto PDA  plate and incubated for one day under a biochemical incubator. After germination, colonies were transferred to a new PDA plate to obtain a pure culture. After 30 days of incubation, morphological characters were recorded. Photographs of the colonies were taken on the 30th day using a digital camera . The micromorphological characteristics of colonies were observed using two stereomicroscopes , both fitted with a digital camera . Sporulating structures were mounted in water for microscopic observation and photomicrography. At least 50 mature conidia and conidiophores were measured using the cellSens software , and images were used for further processing with Photoshop ver. CS5 . The cultures were stored in 10% sterilized glycerin and sterile water at 4 \u00b0C for further studies. Specimens were deposited in the Herbarium Mycologicum Academiae Sinicae, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (HMAS), and the Herbarium of the Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University (HSAUP). Living cultures were deposited in the Shandong Agricultural University Culture Collection (SAUCC). New taxa were submitted to the taxonomic database MycoBank  and obtained relative deposition numbers.Samples were collected from the Bawangling National Nature Reserve and Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve, Hainan Province, China , and taken to the laboratory in plastic bags. The samples were placed in Petri dishes with moist filter paper and cultured in an incubator at 25 \u00b0C for 1\u20132 weeks. The samples were examined using a stereomicroscope  protocol as described in Guo et al. . Five lohttps://www.eppendorf.com/CN-zh/, accessed on 25 June 2022). Amplifications were performed in a 25 \u03bcL reaction volume, which contained 12.5 \u03bcL 2 \u00d7 Taq Plus Master Mix II , 1 \u03bcL of each forward and reverse primer (10 \u03bcM) , 1 \u03bcL template genomic DNA (approximately 1 ng/\u03bcL), and 10 \u03bcL distilled deionized water. PCR products were visualized through 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. Sequencing was bidirectionally conducted by a company , and a consensus was obtained using MEGA 7.0 [PCR was performed using a thermocycler  [https://www.phylo.org, accessed on 25 June 2022) using RaxML-HPC2 on XSEDE 8.2.12  [http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree, accessed on 25 June 2022) and edited with Adobe Illustrator CS6.0 .Novel sequences were generated from the eight strains in this study, and all available reference sequences of  GenBank ,10. No rne 2022) , with dene 2022)  and thenGermany) ,14 and MGermany) ,16,17. MAcrodictys were isolated from the dead branches of unidentified trees in Hainan Province, China. The alignment of ITS, LSU, and SSU sequences was composed of 21 strains (including the 8 new strains) of Acrodictys and Fluminicola saprophytica (MFLUCC 15-0976) as the outgroup taxon, and 2419 characters, viz. 1\u2013592 (ITS), 593\u20131419 (LSU), and 1420\u20132419 (SSU). Of these characters, 2089 were constant, 94 were variable and parsimony uninformative, and 236 were parsimony informative.Eight strains of The Bayesian analysis lasted for 65,000 generations, resulting in 1301 total trees, of which 976 trees were used to calculate the posterior probabilities. The ML tree topology is consistent with that from the BI analyses, and therefore, the ML tree is presented with BI posterior probabilities being plotted together .Acrodictys bawanglingensis (A. diaoluoshanensis (A. ellisii (A. pigmentosa (A. bambusicola (MLBS = 96% and BYPP = 1.0).The 22 strains are assigned to 15 species clades based on the three-locus phylogeny . The invingensis , A. diaohanensis , A. elli ellisii , and A. gmentosa , formingMycoBank No. 844582bawanglingensis is named after the Bawangling National Nature Reserve where the holotype was collected.Etymology\u2015The epithet Lauraceae and Fagaceae trees, 19 May 2021, R.Y. Liu, holotype HMAS 352233, ex-holotype living culture SAUCC 1342.Type\u2015China, Hainan Province: the Bawangling National Nature Reserve , on the dead branches of unidentified trees collected in tropical rain forests dominated by Description\u2015Asexual morph on PDA: Mycelia are white to pale brown, floccose cottony, reverse black. Conidiophores are macronematous, mononematous, erect, unbranched, straight or flexuous, thick-walled, smooth, dark brown at the base, paler toward the apex, septate, 60.0\u2013120.0 \u00d7 4.5\u20136.5 \u03bcm. Conidiogenous cells are monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate, cylindrical, pale brown to brown, and smooth. Conidia are solitary, muriform, obovoid to obpyriform, pale brown to brown, 18.0\u201326.0 \u00d7 10.0\u201316.0 \u03bcm, usually with 3 transverse septa and 1\u20133 longitudinal septa, slightly constricted at the septa, with conspicuous pores in the septa, and truncate at the base. Chlamydospores were not observed. Sexual morphs are unknown.Culture characteristics\u2015Colonies on PDA are flat with an entire margin, attaining 25.0\u201330.0 mm in diameter after 14 days at 25 \u00b0C, with a growth rate of 1.5\u20132.5 mm/day, a greenish-brown color, and with a layer of white aerial hyphae on the surface. Colonies on MEA are flat with an entire margin, have a generally mouse-gray color, and are covered with a layer of white-to-gray, dense, aerial mycelia that are floccose cottony; the reverse is black with a pale brown margin.Lauraceae and Fagaceae trees, 19 May 2021, R.Y. Liu, paratype HMAS 352234, ex-paratype living culture SAUCC 1343.Additional specimen examined\u2015China, Hainan Province: the Bawangling National Nature Reserve , on the dead branches of unidentified trees collected in tropical rain forests dominated by Acrodictys bawanglingensis.Notes\u2015Strains SAUCC 1342 and SAUCC 1343 have similar morphological features and identical DNA sequences and form a monophyletic group with a long branch and robust support values , on the dead branches of unidentified trees collected in tropical rain forests dominated by Description\u2015Asexual morph on PDA: Conidiophores are macronematous, mononematous, erect, unbranched, straight or flexuous, thick-walled, smooth, pale brown, septate, and 34.0\u201365.0 \u00d7 1.8\u20135.6 \u03bcm. Conidiogenous cells are monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate, cylindrical, pale brown, and smooth. Conidia are solitary, muriform, obovoid to obpyriform, pale brown to brown, and 18.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 10.0\u201313.0 \u03bcm, usually with 3 transverse septa and 1\u20132 longitudinal septa; they are slightly constricted at the septa, with conspicuous pores in the septa, and truncate at the base.Culture characteristics\u2015Colonies on PDA are flat with an entire margin, attaining 26.0\u201330.0 mm in diameter after 14 days at 25 \u00b0C, with a growth rate of 1.8\u20132.2 mm/day; they have aerial mycelia that are white to pale brown and floccose cottony; the reverse is black. Colonies on MEA are flat with an entire margin, with white-to-gray aerial mycelia that are floccose cottony; the reverse is black with a pale brown margin.Lauraceae and Fagaceae trees, 21 May 2021, R.Y. Liu, paratype HMAS 352236, ex-paratype living culture SAUCC 1602.Additional specimen examined\u2015China, Hainan Province: the Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve , on the dead branches of unidentified trees collected in tropical rain forests dominated by Acrodictys diaoluoshanensis. In the phylogenetical tree, based on a combined dataset of three genetic markers, A. diaoluoshanensis is closely related to A. bambusicola , but they are different in conidia (A. diaoluoshanensis 18.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 10\u201313 \u03bcm vs. A. bambusicola 17.0\u201336.0 \u00d7 12.0\u201318.0 \u03bcm).Notes\u2015Strains SAUCC 1601 and SAUCC 1602 have similar morphological features and identical DNA sequences and gather together with robust support values , on the dead branches of unidentified trees collected in tropical rain forests dominated by Description\u2015Asexual morph on PDA: Conidiophores are macronematous, mononematous, erect, unbranched, straight or flexuous, thick-walled, smooth, pale brown, septate, and 47.0\u201382.0 \u00d7 2.1\u20135.2 \u03bcm. Conidiogenous cells are monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate, cylindrical, pale brown, and smooth. Conidia are solitary, muriform, obovoid to obpyriform, pale brown to brown, and 17.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 11.0\u201314.0 \u03bcm, usually with 3 transverse septa and 1\u20133 longitudinal septa; they are slightly constricted at the septa and truncate at the base.Culture characteristics\u2015Colonies on PDA are flat with an entire margin, attaining 25.0\u201330.0 mm in diameter after 14 days at 25 \u00b0C, with a growth rate of 1.8\u20132.1 mm/day; they have aerial mycelia that are white to pale brown and floccose cottony; the reverse is black. Colonies on MEA are flat with an entire margin, with white-to-gray aerial mycelia that are floccose cottony; the reverse is black with a pale brown margin.Lauraceae and Fagaceae trees, 19 May 2021, R.Y. Liu, paratype HMAS 352238, ex-paratype living culture SAUCC 1472.Additional specimen examined\u2015China, Hainan Province: the Bawangling National Nature Reserve , on the dead branches of unidentified trees collected in tropical rain forests dominated by Acrodictys ellisii. Phylogenetically, A. ellisii is closely related to A. bawanglingensis , having only 4 and 18 bp of dissimilarity in LSU and SSU, respectively. Morphologically, Acrodictys bawanglingensis also differs from A. ellisii in conidial size (60.0\u2013120.0 \u00d7 4.5\u20136.5 \u03bcm vs. 47.0\u201382.0 \u00d7 2.1\u20135.2 \u03bcm).Notes\u2015Strains SAUCC 1471 and SAUCC 1472 are similar in morphological features and identical DNA sequences and form a clade , on the dead branches of unidentified trees collected in tropical rain forests dominated by Description\u2015Asexual morph on PDA: Conidiophores are macronematous, mononematous, erect, unbranched, straight or flexuous, thick-walled, smooth, pale brown, septate, and 4.5\u201375.0 \u00d7 1.5\u20133.0 \u03bcm. Conidiogenous cells are monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate, cylindrical, pale brown, and smooth. Conidia are solitary, muriform, obovoid to obpyriform, pale brown to brown, 12.0\u201324.0 \u00d7 7.0\u201312.0 \u03bcm, usually with 1\u20134 transverse septa and 1\u20133 longitudinal septa, slightly constricted at the septa, and truncate at the base.Culture characteristics\u2015Colonies on PDA are flat with an entire margin, attaining 27.0\u201332.0 mm in diameter after 14 days at 25 \u00b0C, with a growth rate of 1.5\u20132.5 mm/day; they have white-to-pale-brown aerial mycelia that are floccose cottony; the reverse is black. Colonies on MEA are flat with an entire margin, with white-to-gray aerial mycelia that are floccose cottony; the reverse is black with a pale brown margin.Lauraceae and Fagaceae trees, 19 May 2021, R.Y. Liu, paratype HMAS 352240, ex-paratype living culture SAUCC 1592.Additional specimen examined\u2015China, Hainan Province: the Bawangling National Nature Reserve , on the dead branches of unidentified trees collected in tropical rain forests dominated by Acrodictys pigmentosa. Phylogenetic analyses on a combined dataset of three genetic markers showed that A. pigmentosa is basal to the clade of A. ellisii, A. bawanglingensis, A. bambusicola, and A. diaoluoshanensis , but they are different in conidia (12.0\u201324.0 \u00d7 7.0\u201312.0 \u03bcm vs. 17.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 11.0\u201314.0 \u03bcm vs. 18.0\u201326.0 \u00d7 10.0\u201316.0 \u03bcm vs. 17.0\u201336.0 \u00d7 12.0\u201318.0\u03bcm vs. 18.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 10.0\u201313.0 \u03bcm).Notes\u2015Strains SAUCC 1591 and SAUCC 1592 are similar in morphological features and identical DNA sequences and form a monophyletic group with robust support values (MLBV = 100%, BIPP = 1.00, Acrodictys. In order to facilitate identification in the future, a key to the species of Acrodictys is provided herein, updating the key compiled 11 years ago [1. Sexual morph known------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21\u2019 Sexual morph unknown---------------------------------------------------------------------------------62. Maximum number of septa of ascospores > 3------------------------------------------------------32\u2019 Maximum number of septa of ascospores \u2264 3------------------------------------------------------4A. satwalekeri3. Conidia obovate---------------------------------------------------------------------------A. elaeidicola3\u2019 Conidia pyriform---------------------------------------------------------------------------A. nigra4. Conidia ellipsoid---------------------------------------------------------------------------------4\u2019 Conidia muriform-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5A. peruamazonensis5. Conidia size 23.0\u201334.0 \u00d7 18.0\u201322.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------A. hainanensis5\u2019 Conidia size 15.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 7.0\u201313.0 \u03bcm------------------------------------------------6. Conidia with transverse septa only-------------------------------------------------------------------76\u2019 Conidia with transverse and longitudinal septa-------------------------------------------------147. Conidia clavate--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------87\u2019 Conidia rounded-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10A. similis8. Conidiogenous cells in groups--------------------------------------------------------------8\u2019 Conidiogenous cells singly-----------------------------------------------------------------------------9A. aquatica9. Conidiogenous cells size 70.0\u2013100.0 \u00d7 4.0\u20136.0 \u03bcm------------------------------------A. fluminicola9\u2019 Conidiogenous cells size 98.0\u2013142.0 \u00d7 4.0\u20136.0 \u03bcm---------------------------------A. caribensis10. Conidiogenous cells branched---------------------------------------------------------10\u2019 Conidiogenous cells unbranched------------------------------------------------------------------1111. Conidiogenous cells septate-------------------------------------------------------------------------1211\u2019 Conidiogenous cells aseptate-----------------------------------------------------------------------13A. brooksiae12. Conidia spheroid---------------------------------------------------------------------------A. sacchari12\u2019 Conidia ellipsoidal--------------------------------------------------------------------------A. elliptica13. Conidia 2\u20133 transverse septa--------------------------------------------------------------A. liputii13\u2019 Conidia 4\u20139 transverse septa----------------------------------------------------------------A. furcata14. Conidiophores in groups-------------------------------------------------------------------14\u2019 Conidiophores singly---------------------------------------------------------------------------------15-A. septosporioides15. Conidia maximum length > 100 \u03bcm-------------------------------------------15\u2019 Conidia maximum length < 100 \u03bcm---------------------------------------------------------------1616. Conidiogenous cells lageniform--------------------------------------------------------------------1716\u2019 Conidiogenous cells cylindrical--------------------------------------------------------------------22A. balladynae17. Conidiogenous cells determinate proliferations----------------------------------17\u2019 Conidiogenous cells percurrent proliferations-------------------------------------------------1818. Conidia subglobose or ellipsoidal-----------------------------------------------------------------1918\u2019 Conidia clavate or pyriform-------------------------------------------------------------------------20-A. irregularis19. Conidia size 12.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 8.0\u201316.0 \u03bcm-----------------------------------------------A. oblonga19\u2019 Conidia size 27.0\u201332.0 \u00d7 12.0\u201316.0 \u03bcm--------------------------------------------------A. porosiseptata20. Conidiogenous cells maximum length > 200 \u03bcm ------------------------------20\u2019 Conidiogenous cells maximum length < 200 \u03bcm ----------------------------------------------21A. bambusicola21. Conidia size 20.0\u201330.0 \u00d7 13.0\u201316.0 \u03bcm---------------------------------------------A. atroapicula21\u2019 Conidia size 17.0\u201327.0 \u00d7 11.0\u201315.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------22. Conidiogenous cells with percurrent proliferations-------------------------------------------2322\u2019 Conidiogenous cells with determinate proliferations-----------------------------------------25A. micheliae23. Conidiogenous cells maximum length > 60 \u03bcm------------------------------------23\u2019 Conidiogenous cells maximum length < 60 \u03bcm------------------------------------------------24A. lignicola24. Conidia size 28.0\u201332.0 \u00d7 8.0\u201312.0 \u03bcm---------------------------------------------------A. papillata24\u2019 Conidia size 16.0\u201320.0 \u00d7 12.0\u201315.0 \u03bcm-------------------------------------------------25. Conidiogenous cells maximum length > 80 \u03bcm------------------------------------------------2625\u2019 Conidiogenous cells maximum length < 80 \u03bcm------------------------------------------------27 respectively----------------------------------------------------------------------------A. bawanglingensis26. Conidia size 18.0\u201326.0 \u00d7 10.0\u201316.0 \u03bcm, exceeding 23 and 13 um in length and width,A. ellisii26\u2019 Conidia size 18.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 10.0\u201313.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------------A. diaoluoshanensis27. Conidia size 18.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 10.0\u201313.0 \u03bcm------------------------------------A. pigmentosa27\u2019 Conidia size 12.0\u201324.0 \u00d7 7.0\u201312.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------Together with the four new species proposed in this study, we currently accepted a worldwide total of 27 species in the genus ears ago . Since tAcrodictys sensu lato species have been characterized and identified based on conidial schizolytic/rhexolytic secession, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells, and conidia [Acrodictys as a single genus in Acrodictyaceae was introduced by Xia et al. [Acrodictys species have been characterized and identified based on dictyoseptate pigmented conidia seceding schizolytically from monoblastic integrated terminal determinate or lageniform to doliiform percurrently extending conidiogenous cells [Acrodictys species, including a new species based on morphology and ITS, LSU, SSU, and tub2 sequence data. This makes it possible for us to study Acrodictys species through molecular systematics. Subsequently, Luo et al. [Acrodictys species have molecular data, viz. A. aquatica, A. bambusicola, A. elaeidicola, A. fluminicola, A. globulosa, A. hainanensis, A. liputii, A. malabarica, A. peruamazonensis, and A. porosiseptata [Traditionally,  conidia ,3,4,5. Aa et al.  based onus cells ,6. Xia eus cells  describeo et al.  introduciseptata ,10.Tropical forest ecosystems offer suitable habitats for microfungi, among which the anamorphic species are the most abundant and diverse. Many anamorphic species have been recorded in rainforests, forest parks, and national nature reserves of Hainan Province, China ,24,25,26Acrodictys species, namely A. bawanglingensis, A. diaoluoshanensis, A. ellisii, and A. pigmentosa. The morphological descriptions and molecular data of Acrodictys in this study not only enrich the world\u2019s fungal resources and diversity but also contribute materials for studies of the effects of saprobic hyphomycetes on carbon cycling in ecosystems.Hainan Province has a typical tropical rainforest climate, which is very suitable for the growth and reproduction of saprotrophic fungi. In this study, we chose the Bawangling National Nature Reserve and Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve as representative sites for sample collection. Through morphological observations and molecular date analyses, we identified four new"}
{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-26277-w, published online 01 February 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in the order of the author names, which was incorrectly given as Feng Li, Tong-Yue Du, Li-Da Wu, Lei Zhang, Huan-Huan Liu, Zhen-Ye Zhang, Jie Zhang, Zhi-Yuan Zhang, Ling-Ling Qian, Jian-Feng Hao & Ru-Xing Wang.The original Article has been corrected."}
{"text": "Correction: J Foot Ankle Res 15, 79 (2022)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-022-00584-xAff1 \"3-11-1-50, Tsukisamu Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-0053, Japan\"Aff2 \"S-1, W-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan\"Following publication of the original article , author The correction does not have any effect on the results or conclusions of the paper. The original article has been corrected."}
{"text": "Gnomoniopsis  has been reported all around the world and isolated from multiple plant hosts. Based on multilocus phylogenies from a combined dataset of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the ribosomal RNA gene cluster, and partial regions of translation elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1) and partial beta-tubulin (tub2), in conjunction with morphological characteristics, we describe and illustrate herein four new species, including Gnomoniopsisdiaoluoshanensis sp. Nov., G. lithocarpi sp. Nov., G. mengyinensis sp. Nov. and G.yunnanensis sp. Nov. Alongside this, their similarity and dissimilarity to morphologically-allied and phylogenetically-related species are annotated and discussed. For facilitating future identification, we update the key to all species currently recognized in this genus.The fungal genus  Diaporthales Nannf. is an important order in the perithecial ascomycetes Sordariomycetes Erikss. & Winka, accommodating not only saprophytes but also endophytes or phytopathogens on various hosts [Gnomoniaceae Winter, which contains 60 genera and 919 species, the second largest family in this order, occurs on growing and overwintering leaves and twigs of hardwood trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants [Gnomoniaceae was circumscribed by Sogonov et al. in 2008 [Gnomoniaceae is often associated with a single host genus or species [us hosts ,2,3,4,5.s plants . This fas plants  and conss plants . Gnomoni in 2008 , and sin species ,15,16,17Gnomoniopsis Berl. was initially described as a subgenus within Gnomonia Ces. & De Not. for species with multi-septate ascospores [Gnomoniopsis was synonymized with Gnomonia [Gnomoniopsis is accepted as a separate genus in the Gnomoniaceae and typified by Gnomoniopsis chamaemori (Fr.) Berl. This genus is characterized by having small, black perithecia immersed in the host tissue and one-septate, oval to fusiform ascospores [Fagaceae, Onagraceae and Rosaceae [Gnomoniopsis in the Index Fungorum (accessed on 20 June 2022) and 26 species possess sequence data.cospores . SubsequGnomonia . Currentcospores . SpeciesRosaceae ,11,15,18Castanea mollissima Bl. (Fagaceae), Castanopsis chinensis Hance (Fagaceae), and Lithocarpus fohaiensis (Hu) A. Camus (Fagaceae). We obtained their respective morphological characteristics by separation and purification, using sequences of three molecular markers, including the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal RNA gene (ITS rDNA), the translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene (tef1), and the beta-tubulin gene (tub2); we identified these fungi as four species of the genus Gnomoniopsis, and proposed them herein.Fungi associated with leaf spots were collected from Castanea mollissima, Castanopsis chinensis and Lithocarpus fohaiensis showing necrotic spots were collected from Hainan, Shandong and Yunnan Provinces in China during 2020 and 2021. We obtained a single strain using tissue isolation and single spore isolation. Fragments (5 \u00d7 5 mm) were taken from the edges of leaf lesions, surface-sterilized by immersing consecutively in 75% ethanol solution for 1 min and rinsed in sterile distilled water for 30 s, and in 5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 s, and then rinsed three times in sterile distilled water for 30 s. The sterilized pieces were placed on sterile filter paper to absorb moisture and then placed on the PDA  and incubated at 25 \u00b0C for 2\u20134 days. Subsequently, portions of agar with fungal mycelia from the periphery of the colonies were transferred onto new PDA plates and photographed on the 7th and 15th days by a digital camera (Canon Powershot G7X).Samples of https://www.digimizer.com/, accessed on 20 June 2022), with 30 measurements taken for each character [http://www.mycobank.org, accessed on 20 June 2022).Micromorphological characters from structures produced in culture were observed using an Olympus SZX10 stereomicroscope and Olympus BX53 microscope, all fitted with an Olympus DP80 high-definition color digital camera to photo-document fungal structures. All fungal strains were stored in 10% sterilized glycerin at 4 \u2103 for further studies. Structural measurements were taken using the Digimizer software (haracter . Vouchertef1) and partial beta-tubulin gene (tub2), were amplified with the primer pairs and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) programs listed in Genomic DNA was extracted from mycelia grown on PDA using a CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) method ,21. Thretef1-tub2 analysis, subsets of sequences from the alignments of Jiang et al. [http://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server/, accessed on 20 June 2022) [tef1-tub2)  . To estaf1-tub2) .https://www.phylo.org/, accessed on 20 June 2022) [http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree, accessed on 20 June 2022) and the layout of the trees was carried out in Adobe Illustrator CC 2019.Phylogenetic analyses were conducted for the multi-marker data based on maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) algorithms. For BI, the best evolutionary model for each partition was determined using MrModeltest v. 2.3  and incone 2022) . ML was ne 2022)  and 1000ne 2022) ,33,34. FGnomoniopsis and allied taxa, and the strain CBS 109778 of Melanconis stilbostoma was used as the outgroup. A total of 1751 characters were used for phylogenetic analyses, viz. 1\u2013550 (ITS), 551\u20131222 (tef1), 1223\u20131751 (tub2). Of these characters, 979 were constant, 69 were variable and parsimony-uninformative and 703 were parsimony-informative. MrModelTest recommended that the Bayesian inference should use the Dirichlet base frequencies and the GTR+I+G evolutionary mode for all the three partitions. The topology of the Bayesian tree was consistent with that of the ML tree, and therefore is shown as a representative for recapitulating evolutionary history within the genus Gnomoniopsis , 21 May 2021, Z.X. Zhang, holotype HMAS 352166, ex-holotype living culture SAUCC DL0963.Type\u2014China, Hainan Province, Diaoluoshan National Silva Park , on diseased leaves of Description\u2014Leaf is endogenic and associated with leaf spots. Conidiomata (pycnothyria) are buried or attached to mycelia, aggregated or solitary, erumpent, exuding creamy yellow conidia after 7 days at 25 \u2103 in dark. Conidiophores are indistinct, often reduced. Conidiogenous cells are hyaline, smooth, multi-guttulate, cylindrical to ampulliform, attenuate towards apex, phialidic, 8.0\u201312.0 \u00d7 1.0\u20132.0 \u03bcm. Conidia are hyaline, smooth, multi-guttulate, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, base truncate, 3.8\u20137.0 \u00d7 1.2\u20132.0 \u03bcm, mean = (5.2 \u00b1 0.7) \u00d7 (1.6 \u00b1 0.2) \u03bcm, see Culture characteristics\u2014Colonies on PDA entirely occupy a 90 mm petri dish in 14 days at 25 \u00b0C in dark, with a growth rate of 6.0\u20136.5 mm/day, are grey-white to creamy white with an irregular margin, spreading out in circles in a similar way to petals and the reverse is similar in color.Castanopsis chinensis (Fagaceae), 21 May 2021, Z.X. Zhang, paratype HMAS 352168, ex-paratype living culture SAUCC DL0961; on diseased leaves of Castanopsis chinensis (Fagaceae), 21 May 2021, Z.X. Zhang, paratype HMAS 352167, ex-paratype living culture SAUCC DL0964.Additional specimen examined\u2014China, Hainan Province, Diaoluoshan National Silva Park, on diseased leaves of tef1 and tub2) showed that Gnomoniopsis diaoluoshanensis sp. nov. formed an independent clade and is phylogenetically closely related to G. daii, G. mengyinensis sp. nov. and G. yunnanensis sp. nov.  [Notes\u2014Phylogenetic analyses of a combined three genes  .MycoBank\u2014No: MB844513lithocarpi pertains to the generic name of the host plant Lithocarpus fohaiensis.Etymology\u2014The epithet Lithocarpus fohaiensis (Fagaceae), 11 Sep 2020, Z. X. Zhang, holotype HMAS 352165, ex-holotype living culture SAUCC200743.Type\u2014China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences, on diseased leaves of Description\u2014Leaf is endogenic and associated with leaf spots. Conidiomata (pycnothyria) are buried or attached to mycelia, aggregated or solitary, erumpent, exuding pale yellow conidia after 14 days at 25 \u00b0C in dark. Conidiophores are indistinct, often reduced. Conidiogenous cells are hyaline, smooth, multi-guttulate, cylindrical to ampulliform, attenuate towards apex, phialidic, 6.0\u201313.0 \u00d7 1.5\u20132.5 \u03bcm. Conidia are hyaline, smooth, multi-guttulate, ellipsoid to ovoid, base circular, 4.0\u20135.8 \u00d7 1.7\u20132.4 \u03bcm, mean = (4.6 \u00b1 0.5) \u00d7 (2.1 \u00b1 0.2) \u03bcm, see Culture characteristics\u2014Colonies on PDA at 25 \u00b0C for 14 days in dark reach 75\u201380 mm in diameter, are circular, with moderate aerial mycelia on the surface, light brown and sparse in the center, white and dense at the edge and the reverse is similar in color.Lithocarpus fohaiensis (Fagaceae), 11 Sep 2020, Z.X. Zhang, paratype HMAS 352164, ex-paratype living culture SAUCC YN0742.Additional specimen examined\u2014China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences on diseased leaves of tef1 and tub2) showed that Gnomoniopsis lithocarpi formed an independent clade closely related to G. castanopsidis and G. silvicola. The G.lithocarpi sp. nov. is distinguished from G. castanopsidis by 35/513, 41/325 and 48/478 characters in ITS, tef1 and tub2 sequences, respectively, and from G. silvicola by 38/517, 42/325 and 58/470 characters. Morphologically, G.lithocarpi differs from G. castanopsidis and G. silvicola in conidia (4.0\u20135.8 \u00d7 1.7\u20132.4 \u03bcm vs. 4.5\u20135.3 \u00d7 2.2\u20132.7 \u03bcm vs. 4.6\u20135.1 \u00d7 2.1\u20132.5 \u03bcm), and in colony texture (light brown to white on PDA and dense at the edge vs. dirty-white to fawn on PDA and undulate margin vs. dirty-white on PDA and undulate margin) [Notes\u2014Phylogenetic analyses of three combined genes , 25 July 2020, Z.X. Zhang, holotype HMAS 352160, ex-holotype living culture SAUCC MY0293.Type\u2014China, Shandong Province, Mengyin County , on diseased leaves of Description\u2014Leaf is endogenic and associated with leaf spots. Conidiomata (pycnothyria) are aggregated or solitary, erumpent, globose to pulvinate, light brown, exuding creamy white or hyaline conidial after 10 days at 25 \u00b0C in dark. Conidiophores are indistinct, often reduced. Conidiogenous cells are hyaline, cylindrical, attenuate towards apex, phialidic, 8.0\u201311.5 \u00d7 1.3\u20132.2 \u03bcm. Conidia are hyaline, smooth, multi-guttulate, cylindrical, oval to fusoid, straight or slightly curved, truncate at the base, 4.5\u20136.5 \u00d7 1.8\u20132.8 \u03bcm, mean = (5.4 \u00b1 0.4) \u00d7 (2.2 \u00b1 0.2) \u03bcm, see Culture characteristics\u2014Cultures incubated on PDA at 25 \u00b0C in dark attain 82.0\u201386.0 mm in diameter after 14 days, with a growth rate of 5.8\u20136.2 mm diam/day and the colonies are flat, spreading with moderate aerial mycelia and lobate to undulate margins, grey-white to creamy, spreading out in a similar way to petals and the reverse is similar in color.Castanea mollissima (Fagaceae), 25 July 2020, Z.X. Zhang, paratype HMAS 352159, ex-prartype living culture SAUCC MY0296.Additional specimen examined\u2014China, Shandong Province, Mengyin County, on diseased leaves of Gnomoniopsis mengyinensis sp. nov. is closely related to G. daii . This new species is distinguished from G. daii by a total of 65 characters in the concatenated sequence alignment . Morphologically, Gnomoniopsis mengyinensis differs from G. daii in conidia (4.5\u20136.5 \u00d7 1.8\u20132.8 \u03bcm vs. 5.1\u20136.3 \u00d7 2.8\u20133.2 \u03bcm), conidiogenous cells (4.5\u20136.5 \u00d7 1.8\u20132.8 \u03bcm vs. 5.6\u20136.1 \u00d7 2.8\u20133.2 \u03bcm), as well as conidiomatum color (light brown vs. dark brown) [Notes\u2014In the phylogenetic tree , Gnomonik brown) .MycoBank\u2014No: MB844515yunnanensis pertains to the location where the holotype was collected, Yunnan Province.Etymology\u2014The epithet Castanea mollissima (Fagaceae), 11 Sep 2020, Z. X. Zhang, holotype HMAS 352161, ex-holotype living culture SAUCC YN1659.Type\u2014China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden , Chinese Academy of Sciences, on diseased leaves of Description\u2014Leaf is endogenic and associated with leaf spots. Conidiomata (pycnothyria) are aggregated or solitary, erumpent, globose to pulvinate, light yellow, exuding creamy white or hyaline conidia after 14 days at 25 \u00b0C in dark. Conidiophores are indistinct, often reduced. Conidiogenous cells are hyaline, cylindrical, attenuate towards apex, phialidic, 9.0\u201318.0 \u00d7 0.5\u20131.57 \u03bcm. Conidia are hyaline, smooth, multi-guttulate, cylindrical, oblong to ellipsoid, straight or slightly curved, truncate at the base, 4.1\u20135.5 \u00d7 1.3\u20132.0 \u03bcm, mean = (4.9 \u00b1 0.4) \u00d7 (1.6 \u00b1 0.2) \u03bcm, see Culture characteristics\u2014Cultures incubated on PDA at 25 \u00b0C for 14 days in dark attain 69.0\u201372.0 mm in diameter, with a growth rate of 4.9\u20135.2 mm diam/day, with moderate aerial mycelia and a lobate to undulate margin, grey-white to creamy, spreading out in a similar way to petals and the reverse is similar in color.Castanea mollissima (Fagaceae), 11 Sep 2020, Z.X. Zhang, paratype HMAS 352162, ex-paratype living culture SAUCC YN1657; on diseased leaves of Castanea mollissima (Fagaceae), 11 Sep 2020, Z.X. Zhang, paratype HMAS 352163, ex-paratype living culture SAUCC YN1641.Additional specimen examined\u2014China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, on diseased leaves of Gnomoniopsis yunnanensis sp. nov. on the basis of similar morphology and molecular monophyly. For details, one can refer to the notes for G. diaoluoshanensis.Notes\u2014Strains SAUCC YN1659, SAUCC YN1657 and SAUCC YN1641 are identified to the same species Gnomoniopsis. In order to facilitate identification in the future, a key to the species of Gnomoniopsis is provided herein. Characteristics adopted in the key include perithecia, septa, asci, ascospores, conidiogenous cells, conidia, and chlamydospores.Together with the 4 new species proposed in this study, we have currently accepted a worldwide total of 30 species in the genus 1. Sexual morph known------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21. Sexual morph unknown-------------------------------------------------------------------------------162. Asci cylindrical--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32. Asci fusiform-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4G. chamaemori3. Ascospores size 10.0\u201313.0 \u00d7 2.0\u20133.0 \u03bcm---------------------------------------------G. smithogilvyi3. Ascospores size 4.0\u201312.0 \u00d7 1.0\u20133.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------4. Perithecia without stroma-------------------------------------------------------------------------------54. Perithecia with stroma-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------7G. sanguisorbae5. Perithecia immersed--------------------------------------------------------------------5. Perithecia superficies-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6G. clavulata6. Perithecia size 110.0\u2013150.0 \u00d7 120.0\u2013140.0 \u03bcm-----------------------------------G. paraclavulata6. Perithecia size 139.0\u2013180.0 \u00d7 156.0\u2013241.0 \u03bcm-----------------------------7. Ascospores aseptate--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------87. Ascospores septate--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10G. racemula8. Perithecia groups----------------------------------------------------------------------------8. Perithecia solitary-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9G. tormentillae9. Ascospores size 6.0\u201310.0 \u00d7 1.5\u20133.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------G. agrimoniae9. Ascospores size 7.0\u20138.0 \u00d7 1.8\u20132.2 \u03bcm-------------------------------------------------10. Perithecia surfaced on the host---------------------------------------------------------------------1110. Perithecia immersed in the host--------------------------------------------------------------------12G. alderdunensis11. Perithecia size 280.0\u2013375.0 \u00d7 327.0\u2013490.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------G. comari11. Perithecia size 112\u2013330.0 \u00d7 125\u2013500.0 \u03bcm-----------------------------------------------12. Perithecia immersed in stem------------------------------------------------------------------------1312. Perithecia immersed in leaves----------------------------------------------------------------------14G. idaeicola13. Asci size 30.0\u201348.5 \u00d7 5.0\u201310.0-------------------------------------------------------------G. macounii13. Asci size 30.0\u201338.0 \u00d7 4.0\u20138.5--------------------------------------------------------------G. guttulata14. Perithecia aggregated 2\u20134----------------------------------------------------------------14. Perithecia solitary--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15G. fragariae15. Perithecia size 150.0\u2013475.0 \u00d7 200.0\u2013475.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------G. occulta15. Perithecia size 129.0\u2013340.0 \u00d7 147.0\u2013428.0 \u03bcm-------------------------------------------16. Conidiogenous cells guttulate----------------------------------------------------------------------1716. Conidiogenous cells no guttulate------------------------------------------------------------------24G. lithocarpi sp. nov.17. Conidia base circular--------------------------------------------------------17. Conidia base truncate---------------------------------------------------------------------------------1818. Conidia ellipsoid or cylindrical---------------------------------------------------------------------1918. Conidia oval or fusoid--------------------------------------------------------------------------------20G. diaoluoshanensis sp. nov.19. Conidiogenous cells size 8.0\u201312.0 \u00d7 1.0\u20132.0 \u03bcm-------------G. guangdongensis19. Conidiogenous cells size 12.5\u201324.0 \u00d7 1.5\u20133.0 \u03bcm---------------------------G. rossmaniae20. Conidia 1-septate-------------------------------------------------------------------------20. Conidia aseptate----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2121. Conidia maximum length < 6.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------------------------2221. Conidia maximum length > 6.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------------------------23G. castanopsidis22. Conidiogenous cells 6.5\u201313.0 \u00d7 1.5\u20133.0 \u03bcm--------------------------------------G. silvicola22. Conidiogenous cells 7.0\u201315.0 \u00d7 1.5\u20132.5 \u03bcm--------------------------------------------G. fagacearum23. Conidiogenous cells 16.0\u201333.5 \u00d7 2.0\u20135.0--------------------------------------------G. hainanensis23. Conidiogenous cells 16.5\u201326.0 \u00d7 2.5\u20134.5-------------------------------------------24. Conidiogenous cells one-celled---------------------------------------------------------------------2524. Conidiogenous cells multi-celled------------------------------------------------------------------26G. chinensis25. Conidia 1-septate---------------------------------------------------------------------------G. daii25. Conidia aseptate-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------G. xunwuensis26. Conidiogenous cells branched-------------------------------------------------------26. Conidiogenous cells unbranched------------------------------------------------------------------2727. Conidia maximum length < 10.0 \u03bcm--------------------------------------------------------------2827. Conidia maximum length > 10.0 \u03bcm--------------------------------------------------------------29G. mengyinensis sp. nov.28. Conidia oval to fusoid--------------------------------------------------G. yunnanensis sp. nov.28. Conidia oblong to ellipsoid---------------------------------------------G. angolensis29. Conidia subcylindrical------------------------------------------------------------------G. rosae29. Conidia fusoid-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gnomoniopsisdiaoluoshanensis, G. lithocarpi, G. mengyinensis, and G. yunnanensis) from three hosts  in three provinces of China were described and illustrated . Sixteen Gnomoniopsis species (including the four new species herein) were described from fagaceous hosts. Only one species (G. racemula) was described from the Onagraceae family [Rosaceae. The Fagaceae, Onagraceae and Rosaceae plants are widely distributed in China, suggesting abundant potentially new Gnomoniopsis species.In the present study, four new species , translation elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1), and beta-tubulin (tub2). They described and illustrated the Gnomoniopsis species from seven regions  in China. In sum, 13 species of Gnomoniopsis were recorded in more than 10 regions of China, and they are Gnomoniopsis castanopsidis, G. chinensis, G. daii, G. diaoluoshanensis, G. fagacearum, G. guangdongensis, G. hainanensis, G. lithocarpi, G. mengyinensis, G. rossmaniae, G. silvicola, G. xunwuensis and G. yunnanensis.Driven by recent developments in DNA sequence analyses, taxonomists have combined phylogenetic data to gain insights into evolutionary relationships ,38,39. JGnomoniopsis species were reported with 200 records in Fungal Databases . Among these, G. daii and G. chinensis were determined to be phytopathogenic, causing fruit rot and leaf spot diseases and branch canker of Chinese chestnut, respectively [Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi were illustrated and described in 12 countries  with 30 records in Fungal Databases, causing sweet chestnut branch canker and fruit rot in Australia, Europe and USA [Dothiorella iberica, Do. omnivora, Do. symphoricarposicola and G. smithogilvyi. Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi was isolated from rotting chestnut kernels as an endophyte from asymptomatic flowers, leaves and stems of the genus Chestnut [Gnomoniopsis by taxonomists represent an important resource for plant pathologists and plant quarantine officials.The ectively ,41. Gnom and USA ,43,44. AChestnut . The des"}
{"text": "The correct ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-3305-0034 ("}
{"text": "Shadow removal is an important issue in the field of motion object surveillance and automatic control. Although many works are concentrated on this issue, the diverse and similar motion patterns between shadows and objects still severely affect the removal performance. Constrained by the computational efficiency in real-time monitoring, the pixel feature based methods are still the main shadow removal methods in practice. Following this idea, this paper proposes a novel and simple shadow removal method based on a differential correction calculation between the pixel values of Red, Green and Blue channels. Specifically, considering the fact that shadows are formed because of the occlusion of light by objects, all the reflected light will be attenuated. Hence there will be a similar weakening trends in all Red, Green and Blue channels of the shadow areas, but not in the object areas. These trends can be caught by differential correction calculation and distinguish the shadow areas from object areas. Based on this feature, our shadow removal method is designed. Experiment results verify that, compared with other state-of-the-art shadow removal methods, our method improves the average of object and shadow detection accuracies by at least 10% in most of the cases. With the application of intelligent video surveillance and automatic control, shadow removal becomes more and more important. An effective shadow removal method can minimize the interference of shadows on object detection, recognition and control , 2. In fTo satisfy the need for real-time computing in object surveillance, background difference based methods , 9 are sThe organizations of the remainder of this paper are structured as follows. In Related Work Section, the related works are described. In RGB Pixel Differential Correction Feature Section, the limitation of RGB-PRC method is illustrated, and a new RGBP-DC feature is proposed. Then, a new DC-SR method is designed based on the RGBP-DC feature in Differential Correction Based Shadow Removal Method Section. In Experiments Section, a lot of comparison experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed DC-SR method. Finally, the conclusion and limitation of the proposed method are given in Conclusion Section. The main contributions of our work are summarized as follows:A new pixel feature, i.e., RGBP-DC feature, is found in the shadow areas of images.A new differential correction based shadow removal (DC-SR) method is proposed.Currently, in the field of real-time monitoring, we still need the background difference to quickly find out the areas of objects. After that, the goal of shadow removal becomes to distinguish the shadow areas from the object areas based on two kinds of methods: the model-based and feature-based methods, respectively.Model-based methods mainly use prior information to train corresponding models. For example, Zhang proposed a robust vehicle detection method with shadow elimination . Amin BeDifferent from model-based methods, feature-based methods mainly concentrate on distinguishing and removing the shadow by contour, brightness, color, texture and other features of pixel which are less affected by environmental factors. Hence, those methods have a wide range of application. For example, Xu obtained the stable shadow elimination results through HSV color features, by using the difference idea of image Log domain . Park usIn this paper, we also concentrate on distinguishing and removing the shadow by pixel features. Different from the aforementioned features, the proposed pixel feature is obtained according to both the principle of shadow formation and the statistics of a large number of actual scenes. Hence, the feature proposed in this paper is more typical and has wider applicability. All of the above will be discussed in the next sections.x, y), the pixel values of this point in R, G and B channels are denoted as R, G and B, respectively, and the ones in shadow are denoted as Rs, Gs and Bs, respectively. According to Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Partly********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0No********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0No********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0ID : PONE-D-22-17507Title : A differential correction based shadow removal method for real-time monitoringSummary:In this work, a shadow removal method-based on a differential correction is proposed. The proposed method computes the differential correlation between the pixel values of the channel in RGB color space.The manuscript is interesting; however, the following comment should be addressed :Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 Results should be included at the end of the abstract in terms of improvement ratio between the proposed and existing works .Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2 \u2013 The Introduction section is lengthy and need to be separated into Introduction and Related Work sections .3 \u2013 organization of the manuscript should be included at the end of the Introduction section .RGB pixel differential correction feature Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 \u2013 Check for grammatical errors and typos.Differential correction based shadow removal method Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 more visual example are required .The structure of DC-SR method Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6 \u2013 Pseudo code of the method need to be included .7 \u2013 the implementation need be included as a supplementary file for review purposes .Experiments Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 - Experimental computation time need to be included .9 \u2013 Discussion is unclear .10 \u2013 comparison with recent algorithm should be included .11 \u2013 Evaluation metrics should be used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method .Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -12 \u2013 The limitation of this work should be clearly included in the conclusion section .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0No**********https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 14 Sep 2022The response is in Attach FilesAttachmentResponse_to_Reviewer.pdfSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 4 Oct 2022A differential correction based shadow removal method for real-time monitoringPONE-D-22-17507R1Dear Dr. Liu,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. 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For more information, please contact Kind regards,Zhaoqing Pan, Ph.D.Academic EditorPLOS ONEReviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> 1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0All comments have been addressed********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0ID : PONE-D-22-17507 R1Title : A differential correction based shadow removal method for real-time monitoringSummary:In this work, a shadow removal method-based on a differential correction is proposed. The proposed method computes the differential correlation between the pixel values of the channel in RGB color space.In the revised manuscript, the authors have address all the raised comments .Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 The abstract is fine. No comments .Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Related Work Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .RGB pixel differential correction feature Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Differential correction based shadow removal method Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .The structure of DC-SR method Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Experiments Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7 - This section is fine. No comments .Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -********** <font color=\"black\"> 7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0No********** 28 Oct 2022PONE-D-22-17507R1 A differential correction based shadow removal method for real-time monitoring Dear Dr. Liu:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofDr. Zhaoqing Pan Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "LCO), alveolar volume (VA), and the transfer coefficient of the lungs for carbon monoxide  in the Japanese population. We also intended to assess the applicability of these values for the Japanese population by comparing them to those published by the Global Lung Function Initiative in 2017 (GLI-2017) and previous values.To generate appropriate reference values for the single-breath diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide  method and the generalized additive models for the location, scale, and shape program in R were used to generate the reference values.In this retrospective study, we measured the spirometric indices, DLCO were approximately zero, whereas those of KCO and VA were far from zero. In the present study, the mean square errors of the DLCO, VA, and KCO reference values were lower than the reference values derived from GLI-2017 and previous linear regression equations.We conducted a total of 390 tests. The GLI-2017 z-scores of DCO (DLCO / VA) and overestimating VA, respectively, by the GLI-2017 for the Japanese population.Reference values obtained in this study were more appropriate for our sample than those reported in GLI-2017. Differences between the two equations were attributed to underestimating K LCO) is a simple non-invasive method for diagnosing and monitoring patients with chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or interstitial lung disease (ILD)  (DLCO), 1.000  (KCO [DLCO/VA]), and -1.617  (VA) for men and 0.586 , 2.017 , and -1.525  for women  for men, thus indicating a disagreement between our observed data and the GLI-2017 predicted values. This suggested that the GLI-2017 prediction equations were inappropriate for the Japanese population.To characterize our study population in relation to the GLI-2017, we calculated the z-scores for the Dor women . We testor women . In the LCO (TLCO) and VA in men and women, respectively. The height and age were independent predictors of each M (\u03bc), which required a natural logarithmic transformation of the height and a spline function for age, consistent with the GLI-2017 equations. We selected the BCCG distribution over the normal and BCPE distributions to model all prediction equations.LCO was lower than our current values in women but was consistent with our values in men (CO (DLCO/VA) were lower than our current values for all age decades  was lower than our current values across all heights . Compared with previous linear DLCO reference values, our current values were within the range established by Nishida et al.  and Burrows et al.  for all age decades. In other words, the current Japanese DLCO (TLCO) values were certainly placed between the Japanese and Caucasian DLCO values (LCO/VA) reference values were higher than those of previous equations, whereas the current VA reference values were lower than GLI-2017 in both men and women , and VA than those from the GLI-2017 equation, which suggested better predictive results from our current equations to the Japanese population set.Subsequently, we compared the predictive performance between our study and previous equations in terms of MSEs . We obseLCO using the GAMLSS approach in patients with near-normal lung function and to assess the applicability of the GLI-2017 prediction equation for a Japanese patient cohort. First, the GLI-2017 prediction equation for Caucasian patients did not match the DLCO, KCO (DLCO/VA), and VA data for the contemporary Japanese patient population, thereby highlighting the importance of developing prediction equations for the Japanese population. Second, we established prediction equations for the DLCO, KCO (DLCO/VA), and VA in a Japanese population aged 16\u201385 years using the GAMLSS model. Third, the GAMLSS model outperformed GLI-2017 equations and previous linear regression equations for the Japanese population.This is the first study to model the DLCO (TLCO) were relatively nearer zero, particularly in men. However, the z-scores of the KCO (DLCO/VA) were significantly higher (1.51 \u00b1 0.090) in men and women, whereas those for VA were significantly lower (-1.566 \u00b1 0.075). Thus, the GLI-2017 prediction equation tended to underestimate the KCO (DLCO/VA) and overestimate the VA, thus resulting in a relatively accurate estimate of DLCO in the Japanese population  decreases monotonically across the entire age range of a healthy Caucasian population, with the variability remaining nearly constant between 20 and 80 years, close to the age of our study population Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0I Don't KnowReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0it is an interesting study, insofar as it could contribute to having reference equations for the Japanese and even Asian population.the result of your study indicates that using the reference equations of GLI-2017, the KCO has been overestimated and the VA has been underestimated. the main difference is therefore the overestimation of the VA. and this is mainly due to methodological imperfections such as :- This is a single center study- the sample is small- line (89-91 and line 95) : you included hypertensive and other with early stage lung cancer, sarcoidosis, or asthma and small abnormal shadows- TLCO data were not adjusted to the inspiratory oxygen partial pressure at standard barometric pressure- the altitude of the centre in which the reference values were obtained was not mentioned- you did not specify whether the reference values were obtained using a fixed dead space correction of 150 mL or not.Reviewer #2:\u00a0The aim of this study was to establish appropriate reference equations of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), alveolar volume (VA), and transfer coefficient of the lung for carbon monoxide (KCO) in Japanese population. By using the GAMLSS model on the data of pulmonary diffusion capacity tests collected from age 16-85 Japanese people, the authors proposed equations for calculating predictive values of DLCO, VA and KCO in Japanese without chronic lung disease. The authors also compared the predictive values derived from their equations with those values from other reference equations to examine the performance of their prediction equations.There are some questions and concerns need to be clarified:1.Line 84. Materials and Methods. It would be better to provide objective parameters for some of the including and excluding criteria, e.g. anemia, severe renal or liver dysfunction, etc. Besides, \u201cnot anemia\u201d of inclusion criteria could be omitted since \u201canemia\u201d had been listed as one of the exclusion criteria.2.Line 86. Materials and Methods. The authors need to clarify the meaning of inclusion criteria (6): \u201c \u2026chest computed tomography (CT) performed on the day of LFTs in the second half of the previous year\u201d. Did it mean that \u201cchest CT performed within 6 moths before the lung function test\u201d?3.Line 159 and Table 1. The number of women randomized for model assessment (37) was not equal to 1/5 of total recruited woman participant, as the authors mentioned in the text.4.Line 155. Results. Was there any significantly statistic finding among the data from different groups in Table 1?5.Line 161. Results. The authors need to clarify how did they determine that DLCO variation was greater in younger individuals, and DLCO and VA were height-dependent, based on the data of Table 2.6.The intents in Figure 2, 3, and 4 were too blurry to be read and interpreted. The authors need to revise these figures for readers\u2019 convenience and reviewing.7.The authors used \u201cDLCO (TLCO)\u201d, \u201cDLCO\u201d and \u201cTLCO\u201d in the text to express diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (transfer factor for carbon monoxide), all of which indicated the same test. It was a little bit confused that these two terms (DLCO and TLCO) had different M equation in Table 4. Was this only for different expression of measurement unit (mmol/min/kPa vs. ml/min/mmHg), or for any other specific purpose?Reviewer #3:\u00a0The authors have investigated reference values in DLCO, VA and KCO in a Japanese reference population. The manuscript is informative and the statistic procedures well documented. I would ask for these revisions:In the abstract, the following phrase is confounding, please change it if you want to: \u201cwere attributed to underestimation and overestimation of KCO (DLCO/VA) and VA, respectively, by the GLI-2017 for the Japanese population.\u201dIt might be beneficial to add something like \u201ctransfer coefficient of the lungs for carbon monoxide (KCO)\u201d, pulmonary function testing, and so forth to the keywords.The introduction including explanation of methods was very clear and concise.In Methods, you describe that patients can withdraw their data, however, would that still be possible if data is de-identified/anonymous? Please change or delete this information.You mentioned several diseases that led to exclusion of the participant. To exclude bias, it would be highly interesting to know what kind of diseases your reference group have if they were not healthy volunteers nor have the diseases cited in the list. However, I can see the restrictions of a de-identified retrospective cohort, if this assessment is not feasible.The figures are illustrative and clear. The second figure seems fuzzy, please upload a higher-pixel version if possible.The manuscript is of interest and it is well written, highlighting the guideline-mentioned ethnic differences in lung function reference values.********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Yes:\u00a0KHADIJA AYEDReviewer #1:\u00a0Reviewer #2:\u00a0NoReviewer #3:\u00a0Nohttps://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 17 Jun 2022We have revised the manuscript in accordance with reviewers\u2019 comments in a point-by-point manner.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reviewer #1C. the result of your study indicates that using the reference equations of GLI-2017, the KCO has been overestimated and the VA has been underestimated. the main difference is therefore the overestimation of the VA. and this is mainly due to methodological imperfections such as :1.- This is a single center study2.- the sample is small3.- line (89-91 and line 95) : you included hypertensive and other with early stage lung cancer, sarcoidosis, or asthma and small abnormal shadows4.- TLCO data were not adjusted to the inspiratory oxygen partial pressure at standard barometric pressure5.- the altitude of the centre in which the reference values were obtained was not mentioned6.- you did not specify whether the reference values were obtained using a fixed dead space correction of 150 mL or not.1.- This is a single center study2.- the sample is small3.- line (89-91 and line 95) : you included hypertensive and other with early stage lung cancer, sarcoidosis, or asthma and small abnormal shadowsResponseThank you for your insightful comment. We agree with you and have added the following sentences to the Discussion section. Pages 34-35, Lines 359\uff0d368.There is a possibility that factors such as the small sample size, single-center measurements, the altitude of our hospital, and method of determining anatomical dead space contributed to discrepancies between our predictions and those of other researchers. As mentioned in the method, to ensure a sufficient sample size, patients with early-stage lung cancer, sarcoidosis, or asthma, with small abnormal shadows that did not meet the exclusion criteria, or without abnormal shadows were included in the CT screening. The fact that lung function data of these patients were used to create and validate the predictive formula may have caused our predictive formula to differ from other predictive formulas.4.- TLCO data were not adjusted to the inspiratory oxygen partial pressure at standard barometric pressureResponse: Thank you for your observation. We agree with you and have added the following sentence to the Methods section. Page 8, Lines 112\uff0d113We used VA reported in L  to obtain DLCO.5.- the altitude of the centre in which the reference values were obtained was not mentionedResponse: Thank you for your comment. We agree with you and have added the following sentence to Page 7, Lines 108\uff0d109, Lung function tests.Our hospital is sited 621 meters above sea level.6.- you did not specify whether the reference values were obtained using a fixed dead space correction of 150 mL or not.Response: Thank you for pointing this out. We have added the following sentence to Page 8, Lines 111\uff0d112, Lung function tests.The anatomical dead space was fixed at 150 ml to obtain reference values.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reviewer #21.Line 84. Materials and Methods. It would be better to provide objective parameters for some of the including and excluding criteria, e.g. anemia, severe renal or liver dysfunction, etc. Besides, \u201cnot anemia\u201d of inclusion criteria could be omitted since \u201canemia\u201d had been listed as one of the exclusion criteria.Response: Thank you for your good advice. We agree with you. We add the following sentences in Page 7, Line 101, Materials and Methods, Study participants.(7) severe renal or liver dysfunction. Furthermore, in Page 6, Line 86, we have excluded \"not anemia\" from the inclusion criteria. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Line 86. Materials and Methods. The authors need to clarify the meaning of inclusion criteria (6): \u201c \u2026chest computed tomography (CT) performed on the day of LFTs in the second half of the previous year\u201d. Did it mean that \u201cchest CT performed within 6 months before the lung function test\u201d?Response: Thank you for your observation. We have revised the inclusion criteria into the following text: (5) no abnormality or localized shadow based on chest computed tomography (CT) performed within 6 months before the lung function test. Lines 91-92----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. Line 159 and Table 1. The number of women randomized for model assessment (37) was not equal to 1/5 of total recruited woman participant, as the authors mentioned in the text.Response: Thank you for your good advice. We have revised the inclusion criteria into the following text: In order to evaluate the current study equations, we planned to randomly assign 1/5 of the patients to the model assessment group. Finally, 39 male individuals were evaluated as models . Thirty-seven female individuals were involved in model evaluation . Lines 171-175---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. Line 155. Results. Was there any significantly statistic finding among the data from different groups in Table 1?Response: Thank you for your observation. We have added the following paragraph to highlight the statistical significance of the findings: Males involved in model assessment were older and had lower vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) levels than those involved in model building. Females involved in model assessment were older than those involved in model building, but there was no significant difference in each index of pulmonary function test. Lines 166-170---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. Line 161. Results. The authors need to clarify how did they determine that DLCO variation was greater in younger individuals, and DLCO and VA were height-dependent, based on the data of Table 2.Response: Thank you for your insightful comment. We have revised the inclusion criteria into the following text:The 95% confidence interval for DLCO was wider in the younger age group, as shown in Table 2, indicating more variation in DLCO than in the elderly. DLCO/VA was higher in younger age groups and decreased in older age groups, whereas VA was less variable with age and increased with height. Conversely, it can be seen from Fig 2 that DLCO/VA is inversely proportional to age, while DLCO and VA are height-dependent. Line 177-183---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. The intents in Figure 2, 3, and 4 were too blurry to be read and interpreted. The authors need to revise these figures for readers\u2019 convenience and reviewing.Response: Thank you for your good advice. We have revised Figures 2, 3, and 4 to make them more readable.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7. The authors used \u201cDLCO (TLCO)\u201d, \u201cDLCO\u201d and \u201cTLCO\u201d in the text to express diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (transfer factor for carbon monoxide), all of which indicated the same test. It was a little bit confused that these two terms (DLCO and TLCO) had different M equation in Table 4. Was this only for different expression of measurement unit (mmol/min/kPa vs. ml/min/mmHg), or for any other specific purpose?Response: Thank you for your comment. As you noted, this is because the DLCO notation includes both SI units and traditional notations. When the diffusing capacity is expressed using the SI unit system, it is written as TLCO (mmol / min / kPa), whereas it is written as DLCO (ml / min / mmHg) using the traditional unit system. In Lines 107-109, we added the following paragraph: In terms of diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide notation, we have referred to the diffusivity of the traditional unit (ml / min / mmHg) as DLCO and of the SI unit system (mmol / min / kPa) as TLCO.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reviewer 31. In the abstract, the following phrase is confounding, please change it if you want to: \u201cwere attributed to underestimation and overestimation of KCO (DLCO/VA) and VA, respectively, by the GLI-2017 for the Japanese population.\u201dIt might be beneficial to add something like \u201ctransfer coefficient of the lungs for carbon monoxide (KCO)\u201d, pulmonary function testing, and so forth to the keywords.Response: Thank you for pointing this out. We have revised the abstract as follows : Reference values obtained in this study were more appropriate for our sample than those reported in GLI-2017. Differences between the two equations were attributed to underestimating KCO (DLCO/VA) and overestimating VA, respectively, by the GLI-2017 for the Japanese population.Lines 35-38And we added Keywords as follows: \u201ctransfer coefficient of the lungs for carbon monoxide (KCO)\u201d, \u201cpulmonary function test.\u201d---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. The introduction including explanation of methods was very clear and concise.Response: Thank you for your kind comments.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. In Methods, you describe that patients can withdraw their data, however, would that still be possible if data is de-identified/anonymous? Please change or delete this information.Response: Thank you for your good advice. We agree with you. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. You mentioned several diseases that led to exclusion of the participant. To exclude bias, it would be highly interesting to know what kind of diseases your reference group have if they were not healthy volunteers nor have the diseases cited in the list. However, I can see the restrictions of a de-identified retrospective cohort, if this assessment is not feasible.Response: Thank you for your kind comments. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. The figures are illustrative and clear. The second figure seems fuzzy, please upload a higher-pixel version if possible.Response: Thank you for your kind comments.We have formatted the figures in our manuscript according to the requirements of the journal.AttachmentResponse_to_reviewers_revision_letter_0616doc.docSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 24 Jun 2022Referential equations for pulmonary diffusing capacity using GAMLSS models derived from Japanese individuals with near-normal lung functionPONE-D-22-00545R1Dear Dr. Wada,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Aleksandra BaracAcademic EditorPLOS ONE 12 Jul 2022PONE-D-22-00545R1 Referential equations for pulmonary diffusing capacity using GAMLSS models derived from Japanese individuals with near-normal lung function Dear Dr. Wada:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofDr. Aleksandra Barac Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "Phellodon is a genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi with important ecological roles and exploitable biological activities. In this study, four new species of Phellodon, P. caesius, P. henanensis, P. concentricus and P. subgriseofuscus, are described from China based on morphological characters and molecular evidence. The phylogenetic analyses of Phellodon were carried out based on the ITS + nLSU gene regions and the combined sequence dataset of ITS + nLSU + nSSU + RPB1 + RPB2 gene regions. Phellodon caesius is characterized by its dark bluish-grey, dark grey to black grey pileus, ash grey to dark bluish-grey spines, and the presence of both simple septa and clamp connections on generative hyphae of stipe. Phellodon concentricus is characterized by its zonate pileal surface, dark grey context in pileus, and spongy basidiomata. Phellodon henanensis is characterized by its ash grey, light vinaceous grey to light brown pileal surface, thin context in pileus, and the presence of both simple septa and clamp connections on generative hyphae of spines. Phellodon subgriseofuscus is characterized by its fuscous to black pileal surface, white to light brown spines, and vinaceous grey context. Illustrated descriptions and the ecological habits of the novel species are provided. Phellodon P. Karst., a genus of Bankeraceae, is a kind of stipitate hydnoid fungi. It was established by Petter Adolf Karsten in 1881 and typified by P. niger (Fr.) P. Karst [Phellodon are characterized by basidiome pileate and stipitate; pileus white to yellow-brown or grey-brown in various hues or olivaceous to black; basidia clavate, 4-spored, without basal clamp; spores broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, spinulose; cystidia lacking; odor of fenugreek when dried [en dried .Phellodon are a group of ectomycorrhizal fungi with important ecological roles [Phellodon have exploitable biological activity. Stadler and Anke [Phellodon melaleucus (Sw. ex Fr.) P. Karst. and isolated a new antibiotic Phellodonic Acid from it. Reekie et al. [Phellodon melaleucus and proposed the chemoenzymatic total synthesis of phellodonic acid. Fang et al. [Phellodon niger. Therefore, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on Phellodon can lay the foundation for exploring their ecological functions and biological activities.Species in al roles . The symal roles . As signal roles . They caal roles . In addiand Anke  conductee et al.  isolatedg et al.  isolatedPhellodon in his tribe Mesopus, section Lignosa, which was made to include all tough mesopodous species of the Hydnaceae [Phellodon were considered members of Hydnaceae. In 1961, Donk established Bankeraceae and made Bankera Coker and Beers and Phellodon members of the family [Bankera fuligineoalba (J.C. Schmidt) Pouzar, the typified species of Bankera, to Phellodon. Since then, Bankera has been incorporated into Phellodon. From 1956 to 2005, morphological characteristics of Phellodon were systematically and deeply studied in North America and Europe [Hydnellum, Phellodon, and Sarcodon. They conducted a phylogenetic study based on ITS sequence and proved that Phellodon is independent of Hydnellum and Sarcodon. Li [Phellodon. It was the first analysis of the family based on multigene sequences, but the number of species included in this phylogenetic analysis is relatively limited because many species do not have available sequences. In recent years, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of Phellodon have been carried out in China, and multiple gene fragments of Phellodon have been provided. Song et al. [Phellodon from southern China and provided the available sequences of nLSU, the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nSSU), the small subunit of mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1), and RPB2 genes of Phellodon. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the combined ITS + nLSU + nSSU + RPB1 + RPB2 sequences, which confirmed the affinities of three new species and reveal the relationships of Phellodon species [http://www.indexfungorum.org/ (accessed on 26 April 2022)). So far, eight species of Phellodon have been described in China [Fries originally placed the species of ydnaceae . At thate family . Baird ee family  recombind Europe ,22. Subsd Europe ,23,24,25d Europe  reevaluaodon. Li  conducteg et al.  describe species . About 3in China ,28,29, wPhellodon were collected. In the current study, the phylogenetic analyses of Phellodon were carried out based on the ITS + nLSU gene regions and the combined sequence dataset of ITS + nLSU + nSSU + RPB1 + RPB2 gene regions. Subsequent morphological and molecular studies uncovered four undescribed species. These species are described and illustrated below.Macrofungi have important ecological and economical values. The species diversity, taxonomy, and phylogeny of macrofungi have been extensively investigated in recent years, and many new species have been discovered ,45,46,47The specimens used in this study were collected during the annual growing season of macrofungi. At the same time, the specimen information, host trees, ecological habits, location, altitude, collector, and date were recorded, and photos of the fruiting bodies and growth environment were taken. The location information and ecological habits of the specimens mentioned above are stated in the results section. All samples examined in this study were deposited at the herbaria of the Institute of Microbiology, Beijing Forestry University, China (BJFC). Micro-morphological data were obtained from dried specimens and observed under a light microscope  following methods in Liu et al. .L = mean spore length, W = mean spore width, Q = L/W ratio, n (a/b) = number of spores (a) measured from given number of specimens (b). A field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) Hitachi SU-8010  was used to film the spore\u2019s morphology, and the materials were studied at up to 1800 times magnification, according to the method by Sun et al. [Samples for microscopic examination were mounted in Cotton Blue, Melzer and 5% potassium hydroxide (KOH), separately. Basidiospores were measured from sections cut from the spines. The following abbreviations are used: IKI, Melzer\u2019s reagent; IKI\u2013, neither amyloid nor dextrinoid; KOH, 5% potassium hydroxide; CB, Cotton Blue; CB\u2013, acyanophilous; n et al. .A CTAB plant genome rapid extraction kit-DN14  was employed for DNA extraction from dried specimens. The extracted DNA were used to perform the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) according to the manufacturer\u2019s instructions with some modifications ,40. The Phellodon were analyzed by the datasets of combined ITS + nLSU sequences and ITS + nLSU + nSSU + RPB1 + RPB2 sequences. The ITS + nLSU sequences were used to infer the phylogeny of Phellodon. The 5-gene datasets more specifically showed the differences between Phellodon species. The sequences generated in this study and retrieved from GenBank were combined with ITS, nLSU, nSSU, RPB1, and RPB2 sequences of Phellodon and outgroups. Amaurodon aquicoeruleus Agerer (UK 452) and A. viridis (Alb. and Schwein.) J. Schr\u00f6t (TAA 149664) were used as the outgroups, according to Song et al. [The phylogenetic relationships of g et al. . The datg et al.  and manug et al. . Alignmeg et al. . The conr\u00f6t TAA 1664 were g et al. , under hg et al. ,52. Phylg et al. ,40.www.phylo.org, accessed on 23 April 2022) with 2 independent runs, each one beginning from random trees with 4 simultaneous independent Chains, performing 2 million replicates, sampling one tree every 100 generations [Maximum parsimony (MP) analysis was performed in PAUP*version 4.0b10  with theerations . The firBranches that received bootstrap supports for MP, ML greater than or equal to 50% and Bayesian inference (BI) greater than or equal to 0.95 were considered as significantly supported. Phylogenetic trees were visualized using FigTree v1.4.2.The combined ITS + nLSU dataset included sequences from 81 fungal samples representing 35 taxa. The dataset had an aligned length of 2244 characters, including gaps , of which 1564 characters were constant, 69 were variable and parsimony-uninformative, and 611 were parsimony-informative. Maximum parsimony analysis yielded 1205 equally parsimonious trees . The best models for each region of the combined ITS + nLSU sequence dataset estimated and applied in the Bayesian analysis were both GTR + I + G models. Bayesian and ML analysis resulted in a topology similar to that from MP analysis. The Bayesian analysis resulted in a concordant topology with an average standard deviation of split frequencies = 0.005071. Only the MP tree is provided in The combined 5-gene ITS + nLSU + nSSU + RPB1 + RPB2 dataset included sequences from 81 fungal samples representing 35 taxa. The dataset had an aligned length of 5597 characters, including gaps , of which 4513 characters were constant, 199 were variable and parsimony-uninformative, and 885 were parsimony-informative. Maximum parsimony analysis yielded 2389 equally parsimonious trees . The best-fit evolutionary models applied in Bayesian analyses were selected by jModelTest for each region of the five genes, the model for ITS, nLSU, nSSU, RPB1, and RPB2 was GTR + I+ G with an equal frequency of nucleotides. Bayesian and ML analysis resulted in a topology similar to that from MP analysis. The Bayesian analysis resulted in a concordant topology with an average standard deviation of split frequencies = 0.004330. Only the MP tree is provided in Phellodon. The four new species P. caesius, P. concentricus, P. henanensis, and P. subgriseofuscus formed distinct well-supported lineages distant from other species of Phellodon.Both the ITS + nLSU dataset and the ITS + nLSU + nSSU + RPB1 + RPB2-based phylogenetic tree  confirmePhellodon caesius B.K. Cui & C.G. Song, sp. nov., MycoBank: 846978Diagnosis\u2014Differs from other Phellodon species by its bluish-grey, dark grey to black grey pileus, ash grey to dark bluish-grey spines, and the presence of both simple septa and clamp connections on generative hyphae of the surface layer of stipe.Etymology\u2014caesius (Lat.), refers to the bluish-grey pileus.Holotype\u2014CHINA. Sichuan Province, Xiaojin County, on the ground of forest dominated by Quercus aquifolioides, alt. 3320 m, 3 September 2021, Cui 18734 (BJFC 045001).Fruitbody\u2014Basidiomata annual, centrally or eccentrically stipitate, single to concrescent, with a light fenugreek odor when dry. Pileus slightly convex in the middle, plicate, up to 3.6 cm in diam, and 0.7 cm thick at the center. Pileal surface bluish-grey, dark bluish-grey to black grey when fresh and becoming pale mouse grey to mouse grey upon drying, azonate, fibrillose to spongy; margin white to ash grey when fresh, and becoming pale mouse grey upon drying, up to 2 mm wide. Context tough, dark violet to dark grey upon drying, up to 3 mm thick. Spines soft, white, ash grey to dark bluish-grey when fresh, becoming fragile, pale mouse grey to ash grey upon drying, up to 2 mm long. Stipe cylindrical, glabrous, dark grey to black in outer layer, black in the inner layer, up to 2.2 cm long, 1.2 cm in diam. Hyphal structure\u2014Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae in context, spines, and the inner layer of stipe with simple septa, generative hyphae in the surface layer of stipe mostly with simple septa, occasionally with clamp connections; all the hyphae IKI\u2013, CB\u2013; tissues turned olive green in KOH. Generative hyphae in context clay-buff, thick-walled, rarely branched, regularly arranged, 2.5\u20135 \u00b5m in diam. Generative hyphae in spines dark clay-buff, thick-walled, occasionally branched, regularly arranged, 2\u20133.5 \u00b5m in diam. Generative hyphae in the inner layer of stipe clay-buff to fuscous, thick-walled, rarely branched, regular arranged, 3\u20135 \u00b5m in diam; generative hyphae in the surface layer of stipe fuscous, thick-walled, branched, interwoven, 3\u20136 \u00b5m in diam. Cystidia\u2014Cystidia and other sterile hyphal elements absent. Basidia\u2014Clavate, bearing four sterigmata and a basal simple septum, 29\u201353 \u00d7 5.5\u20137 \u00b5m; sterigmata 2\u20135.5 \u00b5m long; basidioles similar to basidia in shape, but slightly smaller. Spores\u2014Basidiospores subglobose to globose, hyaline, thin-walled, echinulate, IKI\u2013, CB\u2013, 4\u20135.6(\u20136) \u00d7 (3.8\u2013)4\u20135.2 \u00b5m, L = 4.87 \u00b5m, W = 4.48 \u00b5m, Q = 1\u20131.25 . Additional specimen (paratype) examined\u2014CHINA. Sichuan Province, Xiaojin County, on the ground of forest dominated by Quercus aquifolioides, alt. 3320 m, 3 September 2021, Cui 18735 (BJFC 045002).Ecological habits\u2014P. caesius was found on the ground of forest dominated by trees of Quercus aquifolioides, under a temperate climate at high altitude regions in Southwest China.Phellodon concentricus B.K. Cui and C.G. Song, sp. nov., MycoBank: 846979 Diagnosis\u2014Differs from other Phellodon species by its zonate pileal surface, dark grey context in pileus, and spongy basidiomata.Etymology\u2014concentricus (Lat.), refers to the concentric bands on pileal surface.Holotype\u2014CHINA. Yunnan Province, Yuxi County, Xinping, Mopanshan Forest Park, on the ground of forest dominated by Quercus sp., alt. 2088 m, 14 August 2019, Dai 20403 (BJFC 032071).Fruitbody\u2014Basidiomata annual, centrally or eccentrically stipitate, single to concrescent, with a strong fenugreek odor when dry. Pileus depressed, circular to irregular, up to 4.5 cm in diam, 0.3 cm thick at the center. Pileal surface deep olive to mouse grey upon drying, zonate, fibrillose to spongy at the center; margin fuscous to black upon drying, up to 5 mm wide. Context tough, dark grey upon drying, up to 1 mm thick. Spines soft when fresh, becoming fragile, ash grey upon drying, up to 2.5 mm long. Stipe cylindrical, spongy, deep olive, fuscous to black, up to 2.5 cm long, 1 cm in diam.Hyphal structure\u2014Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae with simple septa; all the hyphae IKI\u2013, CB\u2013; tissues turned light yellow-green to olive green in KOH. Generative hyphae in context dark yellowish-green, thick-walled, rarely branched, regularly arranged, 3\u20136.5 \u00b5m in diam. Generative hyphae in spines yellowish-brown to dark brown, slightly thick-walled, branched, regularly arranged, 2\u20134.5 \u00b5m in diam. Generative hyphae in stipe dark olive-green to black, thick-walled, rarely branched, regularly arranged, 2\u20136 \u00b5m in diam. Cystidia\u2014Cystidia and other sterile hyphal elements absent.Basidia\u2014Clavate, bearing four sterigmata and a basal simple septum, 25\u201344 \u00d7 5.2\u20136.8 \u00b5m; sterigmata 3.5\u20136 \u00b5m long; basidioles similar to basidia in shape but slightly smaller.Spores\u2014Basidiospores subglobose to globose, hyaline, thin-walled, echinulate, IKI\u2013, CB\u2013, 5\u20136.2 \u00d7 4.5\u20135.5(\u20135.7) \u00b5m, L = 5.48 \u00b5m, W = 4.99 \u00b5m, Q = 1\u20131.22 .Additional specimen (paratype) examined\u2014CHINA. Yunnan Province, Yuxi County, Xinping, Mopanshan Forest Park, on the ground of forest dominated by Quercus sp., alt. 2088 m, 14 August 2019, Dai 20401 (BJFC 032069).Ecological habits\u2014P. concentricus was found in forest dominated by trees of Quercus sp., under a subtropical climate.Phellodon henanensis B.K. Cui and C.G. Song, sp. nov., MycoBank: 846980Diagnosis\u2014Differs from other Phellodon species by its ash grey, light vinaceous grey to light brown pileal surface, thin context in pileus, and the presence of both simple septa and clamp connections on generative hyphae of spines.Etymology\u2014henanensis (Lat.), refers to the holotype locality of the species in Henan Province.Holotype\u2014CHINA. Henan Province, Luanchuan County, Laojun Mountain, Jindian, on the ground of mixed forest, alt. 2000 m, 8 September 2020, Chen 463 (BJFC 045003). Fruitbody\u2014Basidiomata annual, eccentrically stipitate, usually solitary, with a fenugreek odor when dry. Pileus depressed or shallow infundibuliform, up to 2.2 cm in diam, 0.3 cm thick at the center. Pileal surface ash grey, light vinaceous grey to light brown when fresh and becoming dark brown to black upon drying, azonate, fibrillose; margin cream to light brown when fresh, and becoming apricot-orange upon drying, up to 3 mm wide. Context tough, greyish-brown, up to 1 mm thick. Spines soft, ash grey to light brown when fresh, becoming fragile, vinaceous grey to greyish-brown upon drying, up to 1 mm long. Stipe cylindrical, glabrous, pale greyish-brown to pale mouse grey, up to 1.3 cm long, 0.2 cm in diam. Hyphal structure\u2014Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae in context and stipe with simple septa, generative hyphae in spines mostly with simple septa, occasionally with clamp connections; all the hyphae IKI\u2013, CB\u2013; all tissues turned olive green in KOH. Generative hyphae in context hyaline to clay-buff, thick-walled, occasionally branched, regularly arranged, 2\u20136 \u00b5m in diam. Generative hyphae in spines hyaline to clay-buff, thin-walled, occasionally branched, regularly arranged, 2\u20134 \u00b5m in diam. Generative hyphae in stipe occasionally hyaline to dark brown, thick-walled, branched, regularly arranged, 2.5\u20135 \u00b5m in diam. Cystidia\u2014Cystidia and other sterile hyphal elements absent. Basidia\u2014Clavate, bearing four sterigmata and a basal simple septum, 24\u201346 \u00d7 4.5\u20135.5 \u00b5m; sterigmata 2\u20135 \u00b5m long; basidioles similar to basidia in shape, but slightly smaller. Spores\u2014Basidiospores subglobose to globose, hyaline, thin-walled, echinulate, IKI\u2013, CB\u2013, (3.2\u2013)3.8\u20135 \u00d7 (3\u2013)3.5\u20134.5(\u20134.8) \u00b5m, L = 4.17 \u00b5m, W = 3.84 \u00b5m, Q = 1\u20131.31 . Additional specimen (paratype) examined\u2014CHINA. Henan Province, Luanchuan County, Laojun Mountain, Jindian, on the ground of mixed forest, alt. 2000 m, 8 September 2020, Chen 465 (BJFC 045004).Ecological habits\u2014P. henanensis was found on the ground with a thin layer of moss, under a warm temperate continental monsoon climate.Phellodon subgriseofuscus B.K. Cui and C.G. Song, sp. nov., MycoBank: 846981Diagnosis\u2014Differs from other Phellodon species by its fuscous to black pileal surface, white to light brown spines, and vinaceous grey context.Etymology\u2014subgriseofuscus (Lat.), refers to the new species resembling P. griseofuscus in morphology.Holotype\u2014CHINA. Gansu Province, Zhangye, Qilianshan Nature Reserve, Sidalong belay station, on the ground of forest dominated by Picea crassifolia, alt. 3000 m, 4 September 2018, Dai 18993 (BJFC 027462). Fruitbody\u2014Basidiomata annual, eccentrically stipitate, single to concrescent, with a fenugreek odor when dry. Pileus circular to irregular, up to 4.8 cm in diam, 1.2 cm thick at the center. Pileal surface fuscous to black when fresh and becoming dark brown to fuscous upon drying, zonate, glabrous, with radially aligned stripes; margin white to dark brown when fresh, and becoming white to cream upon drying, up to 3 mm wide. Context tough, vinaceous grey upon drying, up to 3 mm thick. Spines soft, white to light brown when fresh, becoming fragile, cream to buff-yellow upon drying, up to 2.5 mm long. Stipe cylindrical, glabrous, greyish-brown, dark brown to fuscous, up to 3.3 cm long, 1.5 cm in diam. Hyphal structure\u2014Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae with simple septa; all the hyphae IKI\u2013, CB\u2013; tissues turned olive green in KOH. Generative hyphae in context brown, thick-walled, rarely branched, regularly arranged, 2\u20136 \u00b5m in diam. Generative hyphae in spines hyaline to clay-buff, slightly thick-walled, branched, regularly arranged, 2\u20134 \u00b5m in diam. Generative hyphae in stipe hyaline to dark brown, thick-walled, occasionally branched, regularly arranged, 2\u20136 \u00b5m in diam. Cystidia\u2014Cystidia and other sterile hyphal elements absent.Basidia\u2014Clavate, bearing four sterigmata and a basal simple septum, 27\u201343 \u00d7 5\u20137 \u00b5m; sterigmata 2\u20135.5 \u00b5m long; basidioles similar to basidia in shape, but slightly smaller. Spores\u2014Basidiospores subglobose to globose, hyaline, thin-walled, echinulate, IKI\u2013, CB\u2013, 4\u20135 \u00d7 (3\u2013)3.2\u20134.8 \u00b5m, L = 4.47 \u00b5m, W = 3.9 \u00b5m, Q = 1\u20131.41 . Additional specimen (paratype) examined\u2014CHINA. Gansu Province, Zhangye County, Qilianshan Nature Reserve, Xishui belay station, on the ground of forest dominated by Picea crassifolia, alt. 2250 m, 3 September 2018, Dai 18982 (BJFC 027451).Ecological habits\u2014P. subgriseofuscus was found on the ground of forest dominated by trees of Picea, under a continental alpine sub-humid mountain climate. This species grows in well-watered bryophytes.Phellodon from ChinaKey to species of 1.P. stramineusPileal surface straw buff-------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.Pileal surface differently colored--------------------------------------------------------------------22.Pileal surface blackish-blue to dark grey or bluish-grey to dark bluish-grey-------------32.Pileal surface differently colored--------------------------------------------------------------------43.P. atroardesiacusClamp connections exist in spines------------------------------------------------------------------3.P. caesiusClamp connections do not exist in spines---------------------------------------------------------4.Tissues color changed in KOH-----------------------------------------------------------------------54.P. subconfluensTissues color unchanged in KOH-------------------------------------------------------------------5.Pileal surface glabrous---------------------------------------------------------------------------------65.Pileal surface not glabrous----------------------------------------------------------------------------86.P. cinereofuscusPileal surface reddish-brown to cinnamon brown----------------------------------------------6.Pileal surface differently colored--------------------------------------------------------------------77.P. yunnanensisPileal surface clay pink to brown-------------------------------------------------------------------7.P. subgriseofuscusPileal surface fuscous to black-----------------------------------------------------------------------8.Clamp connections exist-------------------------------------------------------------------------------98.P. concentricusClamp connections absent----------------------------------------------------------------------------9.P. henanensisPileal surface ash grey, light vinaceous grey to light brown---------------------------------9.Pileal surface differently colored-------------------------------------------------------------------1010.Clamp connections exist in spines----------------------------------------------------------------1110.P. crassipileatusClamp connections do not exist in spines-------------------------------------------------------11.P. griseofuscusSpines brown after mature--------------------------------------------------------------------------11.P. perchocolatusSpines white after mature---------------------------------------------------------------------------Phellodon grouped together 3.5\u20134.5 in P. atroardesiacus vs. 4\u20135.6(\u20136) \u00d7 (3.8\u2013)4\u20135.2 in P. caesius [ic trees . Morphol to 2 mm ). Phelloiospores . Howeverin stipe . Phellody spines . Surpris caesius ).Phellodon concentricus is closely related to P. niger in our phylogenetic analyses  \u00b5m in P. concentricus [analyses . Morpholentricus ).Phellodon henanensis and P. confluens were clustered together and then grouped with P. subconfluens in our phylogenetic analyses 3.8\u20135 \u00d7 (3\u2013)3.5\u20134.5(\u20134.8) \u00b5m in P. henanensis [P. subconfluens is similar to P. henanensis in having a fenugreek odor when dry and short spines (up to 1 mm). However, P. subconfluens differs from P. henanensis by its greyish-buff, brownish-orange to reddish-brown pileal surface, cream to greyish-buff spines, and the smaller basidiospores size ((3.0\u2013)3.1\u20134.1(\u20134.8) \u00d7 (2.5\u2013)2.9\u20133.5(\u20133.8) \u03bcm in P. subconfluens vs. (3.2\u2013)3.8\u20135 \u00d7 (3\u2013)3.5\u20134.5(\u20134.8) \u00b5m in P. henanensis [analyses . Phellodnanensis ). Morphonanensis ).Phellodon subgriseofuscus is closely related to P. griseofuscus B.K. Cui and C.G. Song in our phylogenetic analyses , and clamp connections in generative hyphae of pileus and stipe [analyses . Morpholnd stipe .Phellodon species can be objectively revealed by combining traditional morphological observation with molecular systematics methods. In the past, only a few numbers of publications had used phylogenetic analyses of the Phellodon genus, and the majority of those studies had only used the ITS sequences of a few species [Phellodon based on 5-gene sequences (ITS + nLSU + nSSU + RPB1 + RPB2), which undoubtedly filled in the blank of multiple gene fragments of Phellodon. In this study, both ITS + LSU and ITS + LSU + SSU + RPB1 +RPB2 datasets share a similar topology with Song et al. [The diversity and evolutionary relationships of  species ,24,25,29 species ,28 condug et al. ,28 but wPhellodon species frequently grow beneath pine needles or oak leaves, which serve to prevent water loss, in damp woodlands covered in dense mosses. Specimens collected in China were gathered from forests of pinaceae, fagaceae, or mixed trees (Phellodon species are host-biased, providing an additional foundation for species discovery and identification. The specimens were collected from northeast, southwest, northwest, and central China at elevations ranging from 870 to 3320 m, which indicated that the genus is a widespread species.ed trees . It revePhellodon known from China. The identification and descriptions of stipitate hydnoid fungi in this paper can enrich the species diversity of Phellodon and promote the taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus. The combination of morphological and phylogenetic methods will contribute to the exploration of species diversity. Additionally, it suggested that other Phellodon species might be discovered by combining the evidence of morphological characters, molecular data, and ecological habits. A fully resolved phylogeny for species in Phellodon requires evolutionary information from more samples.With the addition of the species discussed above, there are now 12 taxa in"}
{"text": "The closeness centrality and high frequency node are found to be the reactant cobalt tetracarbonyl hydride. In addition, betweenness centrality uncovers three reaction paths which have the products of aldehyde, CH2O, and CO2, respectively. The energy profile determines that the reaction path leading to aldehyde is energetically favored; thus, the reaction path for cobalt catalyzed hydroformylation is identified without kinetics. Hence, the proposed approach can act as a first step towards understanding the complex chemical reaction network and towards further kinetic understanding of the chemical reaction.Data science is introduced to identify the reactant, product, and reaction path in the chemical reaction network. Cobalt catalyzed hydroformylation is investigated where the reaction network is built  Data science is introduced to identify the reactant, product, and reaction path in the chemical reaction network. In view of how a chemical reaction network is formed, the network can be treated as a graph data structure.5,10 Additionally, it is reported that graph theory can be used in order to extract knowledge from a chemical network.11 Here, data science, particularly graph theory, is implemented in order to search the reaction paths in a chemical reaction network.Identifying the reaction path within a chemical reaction is a challenging task as a chemical reaction involves complex molecular interactions. For such situations, the introduction of first principles calculations gives insight towards the atomic level understanding of molecular interactions. In particular, the potential energy surface generated by first principles calculations elicits the details of the molecular interactions on an atomic scale.12,13 In particular, cobalt catalyzed hydroformylation is investigated for considering homogeneous catalysis as the details of the reaction process are rather complex.8,14,15 The chemical reaction network of cobalt catalyzed hydroformylation is constructed via first principles calculations where the atomic interactions of CO dissociated cobalt tetracarbonyl hydride HCo(CO)3 with ethylene (C2H4), hydrogen H2, and carbon monooxide (CO) are considered. Reaction paths in the chemical reaction network for cobalt catalyzed hydroformylation are sought for via data driven analysis based on graph theory.Hydroformylation is selected as the prototype reaction where the reaction involves the production of aldehydes from alkenes.16 AFIR induces chemical transformations by applying force and finds reaction paths based on the force-induced paths. The search is performed using the single-component algorithm of AFIR (SC-AFIR) starting from 200 initial structures produced by generating mutual positions and orientations among HCo(CO)3, CO, C2H4, and H2 randomly. Additionally, the model collision energy parameter \u03b3 of the AFIR method is set to 300 kJ mol\u22121, where \u03b3 defines an approximate upper limit of the barrier the artificial force can eliminate. During the search, additional weak force with \u03b3 = 0.65 kJ mol\u22121 is applied to all atom pairs in the system in order for the molecules to not separate too far in this system. All AFIR paths were reoptimized using the path optimization method using the locally updated planes (LUP) method, where the network of LUP paths are discussed below.17 The traffic volume is an index showing the total amount of population influx to and outflux from each local minimum within the simulation time tMAX. Therefore, local minima having large traffic volume values are regarded to be kinetically important. The traffic volume \u039bi is computed for all local minimum structures, and paths are searched preferentially from those having large values.9 For the traffic volume calculations, the initial population is evenly distributed to local minimum structures having the same bond connectivity to the initial species where the reaction time tMAX was set to 3600 seconds, the reaction temperature set to 300, 400, and 500 K, and the model temperature parameter TR set to 4000 K.9 The search is terminated when the latest N successful paths do not update the structural types of the top M traffic volumes, where N and M were set to ten and three times, respectively, of the total number of atoms in the system, a structural type stands for a group of local minimum structures having the same bond connectivity pattern and a successful path corresponds to a path connecting different structural types. All electronic structure calculations are done by the Gaussian 16 program where the \u03c9B97X-D functional and LanL2DZ basis set are implemented.18 All structural displacements were taken by a development version of the GRRM program .19 Note that the generated data is a preliminary study of the chemical reaction created for data science applications and requires further study for a more, detailed understanding of the energetics of the chemical reaction. Details of the SC-AFIR method and the traffic volume index are described in previous work.9,16The chemical reaction path network is explored using the artificial force induced reaction (AFIR) method combined with first principles calculations.20,21 Force Atlas 2 is used for graph visualization while closeness centrality and betweenness centrality are implemented for graph analysis.20,22,23The chemical reaction network for cobalt catalyzed hydroformylation is investigated using data science and graph theory. The created reaction network is transformed into a directed graph where source and target nodes are defined as reactants and products, respectively. The activation energy barrier is represented as node edges and is reflected in edge weight. Gephi is then implemented for graph visualization and analysis.4 with H2 and C2H4 molecules, is found to be the node with the highest frequency within the map. Understanding which nodes have high frequency in the reaction network allows one to better understand the initial step taken within the reaction as high frequency indicates that many nodes visit this node. Given its frequency, one can therefore see that the molecules represented in node number 54 experience a high level of traffic within the network and thus can be seen as a key step of hydroformylation.Data analysis is performed on the data obtained from cobalt catalyzed hydroformylation reaction calculations. The data set consists of 8558 data points with the following information in the columns: reactant node number, product node number, equilibrium energy of the reactant, equilibrium energy of the product, and activation energy barrier. Node number and activation energy barrier are treated as nodes and edges in the network, respectively. The data is treated as a directed graph where reversing the node results in different activation energy barriers. Note that the data and corresponding structural information are listed in the ESI.20 Network visualization is informed by the continuous algorithm and is force-directed where nodes repel each other while edges attract their respective nodes, making node placement dependent on the other nodes present within the network. Network visualization is performed in order to represent the calculated hydroformylation reaction as a network. In particular, the Force Atlas 2 algorithm is used in order to visualize the network as shown in 22 In other words, one can consider that harmonic closeness centrality can help indicate energetically stable structures while betweenness centrality can help indicate key intermediate compounds in the reaction. Harmonic closeness demonstrates that node number 54 has the highest score, indicating that node 54 accesses many neighboring nodes and has good agreement with the observation that node 54 has the highest frequency within the network. Note that node 54 is colored in yellow in 4, the compound represented by node 54, has been previously reported to be an active catalyst for hydroformylation where the dissociation of CO from HCo(CO)4 is considered as the initial step for hydroformylation.24 Hence, analyzing closeness centrality helps determine the reactant within the calculated hydroformylation reaction network.Here, the question arises concerning how the reactant, product, and reaction paths connecting them will be identified within the reaction network as shown in 2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2), respectively. Given that hydroformylation is a reaction that produces aldehydes, this result therefore shows that betweenness centrality can be used to help identify reaction paths for aldehyde formation from node 54 (which contains HCo(CO)4) without kinetics.Similarly, betweenness centrality is investigated where the top 40 betweenness centrality nodes are selected and colored in red as shown in \u22121 is required when attempting to move from nodes 523 to 436. In the same fashion, paths (2) and (3) are analyzed via an energy profile. However, these paths encounter multiple high activation energy barriers and endothermic reactions when attempting to arrive at CH2O (node 1254) and CO2 (node 1517) in path (2) and path (3), respectively. Note that node 212 is not in top 40 ranking nodes with high betweenness centrality. Therefore, paths (2) and (3) (illustrated in Further details of paths (1), (2), and (3) in 4 + C2H4 + H2, (b) the intermediate region including node 194 which represents CH3CH2Co(CO)3 + CO + H2, including node 1078 which represents CH3CH2Co(CO)4 + H2, CH3CH2C(O)Co(CO)3 + H2, and (c) the final region which includes node 446 which represents HCo(CO)3 + CH3CH2CHO. This path shows agreement with the well-known Heck\u2013Breslow mechanism, which justifies the use of this network in this study.14 Additionally, aldehyde is found in both the graph network and the kinetic study, where aldehyde is found to be produced at node 436 within the network while aldehyde is found to be produced at node 880 during the kinetic investigation. Thus, these results show that the kinetic study and chemical reaction network are both capable of finding nodes where aldehyde is produced.The chemical reaction network is then kinetically investigated in order to compare kinetics against the proposed reaction path created using graph theory. The kinetically most feasible path from node 54 to the most stable catalyst\u2013product complex 880 is extracted from the network and depicted in \u039bi is used as an index to rank local minimum structures, the preference in a group that reaches equilibrium in a shorter timescale than tMAX is dependent on the Boltzmann distribution at TR. At the start of the search, only complexes among HCo(CO)3 + CO + C2H4 + H2 are considered and paths are computed from these structures. Once the structures in the intermediate region are found, searches are done preferentially from structures in the intermediate region since the structures in the initial region can transition to the intermediate region within tMAX. Finally, searches are done preferentially from structures in the final region since the structures in the initial and intermediate regions can transition to the final region within tMAX. It should be noted that many other possibilities that originate from the initial region are searched as the other regions are unknown at the start. This can account for why structures having the highest closeness centrality are found within the initial region. Node 54 is quasi-symmetric, having C PBM data was replaced with SVG by xgml2pxml:<glyph-data id=\"z.dbd\" format=\"PBM\" resolution=\"300\" x-size=\"8\" y-size=\"10\" xml:space=\"preserve\">00000000000000000000000000000000111111110000000011111111000000000000000000000000</glyph-data><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" version=\"1.0\" width=\"13.200000pt\" height=\"16.000000pt\" viewBox=\"0 0 13.200000 16.000000\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><metadata>Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019</metadata><g transform=\"translate scale\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M0 440 l0 -40 320 0 320 0 0 40 0 40 -320 0 -320 0 0 -40z M0 280 l0 -40 320 0 320 0 0 40 0 40 -320 0 -320 0 0 -40z\"/></g></svg>C and H\u2013H almost on the plane of H, Co, and C in the axial CO, making it a possible transit point among other HCo(CO)4 + C2H4 + H2 complexes in the initial region. Therefore, the closeness centrality is useful for identifying the most important structure within the initial region. As noted, the SC-AFIR searched various possibilities originating from the initial region and created many local areas within the network. By definition, a node that has high betweenness centrality is a node that can be viewed as having more control in the network as many paths lead through it. Given this, structures that have high betweenness centrality should correspond to key intermediates within paths that connect to different areas of the network. Various different chemical transformations are able to be identified by tracing nodes having high betweenness centrality. Identifying possible intermediates, regardless of their kinetic importance, is very important for actual mechanism studies on chemical reactions. Hence, betweenness centrality can be powerful for identifying key intermediates. Chemical reaction network has become possible to create by combining the first principles calculation with data science. However, it has been a challenge to extract knowledge from the network due to the high complexity of the chemical reaction. Here, data science, graph theory in particular, is found to be a powerful approach for quickly extracting knowledge from the reaction network without any kinetics analysis. Thus, combining graph theory and the first principles calculations helps accelerate the determination of the reaction path in a chemical reaction network.Here, one can also understand that the closeness centrality and betweenness centrality of the network shown in 4. Furthermore, betweenness centrality reveals the 3 reaction paths which lead to the formation of aldehyde, CH2O, and CO2 where the energy profile indicates that the formation of aldehyde is energetically favored. Thus, it is proposed that data science accelerates identification of the reactant, product, and reaction path from the complex reaction network without kinetics. This approach would act as a first step for understanding a complex reaction network towards further kinetic understanding of a chemical reaction.In summary, data science is implemented to determine the reaction path in a calculated reaction network. In particular, cobalt catalyzed hydroformylation is selected as a prototype reaction where artificial force induced reaction within the first principles calculations is implemented to create a hydroformylation reaction network. Data science, graph theory, unveils the frequency of nodes as well as closeness centrality determining the reactant which is found to be cobalt tetracarbonyl hydride HCo(CO)K. T. performed network and data analysis. S. M. calculated the reaction network.There are no conflicts to 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{"text": "The correct ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-3305-0034 ("}
{"text": "In power fingerprint identification, feature information is insufficient when using a single feature to identify equipment, and small load data of specific customers, difficult to meet the refined equipment classification needs. A power fingerprint identification based on the improved voltage-current(V-I) trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet34 is proposed. First, the current, instantaneous power, and trajectory momentum information are added to the original V-I trajectory image using color coding to obtain a color V-I trajectory image. Then, the ResNet34 model was pre-trained using the ImageNet dataset and a new fully-connected layer meeting the device classification goal was used to replace the fully-connected layer of ResNet34. The Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) was added to each residual structure module of ResNet34. Finally, Class-Balanced (CB) loss is introduced to reweight the Softmax cross-entropy (SM-CE) loss function to solve the problem of data imbalance in V-I trajectory identification. All parameters are retrained to extract features from the color V-I trajectory images for device classification. The experimental results on the imbalanced PLAID dataset verify that the method in this paper has better classification capability in small sample imbalanced datasets. The experimental results show that the method effectively improves the identification accuracy by 4.4% and reduces the training time of the model by 14 minutes compared with the existing methods, which meets the accuracy requirements of fine-grained power fingerprint identification. Residential household customers\u2019 electricity consumption continues to rise, and improving residential electricity consumption is of great significance to improving the efficiency of electrical energy utilization . ProvidiPower fingerprint identification is a hot issue in the field of Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM), which relies on power fingerprint features and classifiers to identify different types of devices. Common power fingerprint characteristics typically include voltage, current, harmonics, power, V-I trajectory, etc \u20139. The VNowadays, scientists and researchers used machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models in several applications including agriculture , 16, envFor V-I trajectory classification, the small amount of load data for specific user results in a poorly trained model with low accuracy or low generalization capability . NILD doIn addition, there is a class imbalance in the NILM dataset, which can have an impact on the classification performance of the classifier. When the classifier is more biased toward majority class samples, then the identification accuracy of minority samples decreases and the model lacks generalization . UsuallyTo solve these problems, this paper proposes a power fingerprint identification based on the improved V-I trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet34. Experimental results on the PLAID  dataset Use color encoding to add more feature information to the V-I trajectory and improve the identification of similar electrical appliances. It solves the problem of insufficient feature information in single feature recognition devices.The transferred CBAM-ResNet34 model was constructed to fully extract V-I features and was applied to small samples of V-I trajectory samples. The CBAM and model transferred methods effectively improve the extraction capability of V-I trajectories and sufficiently reduce the training time of the model.For the first time, image-level CB loss is introduced to reweight the loss function to obtain better V-I trajectory identification in unbalanced datasets.The remainder of this study is organized into the following sections: The second part outlines the overall power fingerprint identification process and introduces the method of acquiring color V-I trajectory. Section 3 explains the construction and improvement process of the proposed model. The validity of the method is verified by the PLAID dataset in Sections 4 and 5. The last section summarizes the work of this paper.The power fingerprint identification process includes data acquisition, data pre-processing, feature extraction, and load identification. The specific process of power fingerprint identification in this study is shown in The primary function of data acquisition is to sample and store the voltage and current waveforms of various household appliances, including  using a collection system . The colThe original V-I trajectory image is a single-channel, two-dimensional pixel matrix. Much valuable information is lost in the original V-I trajectory images. In this section, the original V-I trajectory image is combined with the color coding technique to construct a unique power fingerprint label.First, The V-I traces of different cycles vary slightly due to load fluctuations or noise. When only one waveform cycle is used, this phenomenon inevitably leads to misclassification . Therefovk and ik represent the kth data point of v and i respectively. Tk = floor(Dk) is the number of interpolation points to be added between the kth and (k+1)th sampling points, floor(\u22c5) represents rounding down.tth interpolation point of the fill t = 1,2,\u22ef,Tm.Then, considering that pixel discontinuity may occur in the mapping process of V-I trajectory images, it is not conducive to subsequent load identification. For this purpose, the traditional mapping method is improved using a bilinear interpolation technique in Finally, To cover the load identification information as much as possible with its characteristic parameters, the current, instantaneous power, and trajectory momentum information are added to the original V-I trajectory image using color coding to obtain a color V-I trajectory image in the RGB color space. Each channel corresponds to a two-dimensional matrix, and each matrix element can vary continuously from zero to one. V-I trajectories were plotted for 11 categories of electrical equipment randomly selected from the PLAID dataset as shown in imax, imin are the maximum and minimum values of the current sampling values, respectively; vmax, vmin are the maximum and minimum values of the voltage sampling value, respectively; \u230a \u230b represents rounding down.Red channel: The shape of the V-I trajectory depends heavily on the load current that reflects the physical characteristics of the device. The average current of the device during stable operation is populated in the R channel, aiming to extract a more stable V-I trajectory and ensure the classification effect.K represents the number of cycles of the load in the transient state. Wk represents the corresponding pixel value in the V-I trajectory feature at the kth instantaneous state point value.Green channel: The V-I trajectory characteristics in the transient state are somewhat different from those after the stable operation. Therefore, in this paper, the average instantaneous power of the device in the transient state is filled in the G channel. The transient V-I trajectory characteristics are also an important characteristic for different loads.Blue channel: the rate of change of voltage and current during the stabilization cycle varies from device to device. V-I trajectory has a loop direction, reflecting the phase relationship between current and voltage. To capture the motion information the of V-I trajectory, the blue channel is plotted by the voltage and current of the appliance for continuous 20 cycles in steady-state operation.The ResNet model effectively mitigates degradation and gradient disappearance during model training by stacking the residual structures . NetworkThe CBAM module represents the attention mechanism module of the convolutional module, which is an attention mechanism module that combines spatial and channel . CompareThe details of the channel attention module (CAM) and spatial attention module (SAM) are shown in W0 and W1 are learnable weights and \u03c3 is an S-shaped function.The CAM can be expressed as follows.f denotes the convolution operation.SAM is a complement to CAM and its main purpose is to discover the most meaningful information after CAM processing. First, the input features are processed serially through the mean and maximum pools. This information is then forwarded by the convolutional layer. The final mathematical representation is as follows.In this paper, the position of CBAM is added to each residual block to reduce the influence of redundant features with the help of an attention mechanism and improve the accuracy and timeliness of subsequent recognition. As in The ResNet model was initially designed to identify the ImageNet datasets. However, the learned high-level abstract features can still be used to assist in identifying the V-I trajectories of different types of appliances. We used a model-transferring method and added the CBAM attention module for the ResNet networks, as shown in The ResNet34 neural network was pre-trained using the ImageNet dataset, and all layers except the last fully connected layer were extracted from the pre-trained ResNet34.The Simple Attention module of CBAM was introduced, which was added to each residual structure module of ResNet34. The last full connection layer was replaced with a new one, and the layers were transferred to the new electrical equipment identification task.Input color V-I trajectory image. The color V-I trajectory image size was adjusted to the same size as the input neuron of ResNet34.Output the categories of the electric loads. The new full connection layer is adjusted to the same number of electrical equipment identification categories.All the parameters are retained until the termination condition is satisfied.In power fingerprint identification, data set imbalance is another issue of concern. The usage frequency of household appliances varies greatly, which is reflected in the data set as a significant variation in the sample sizes of different categories. To solve this problem, it is usually necessary to expand some samples so that the number in different categories is the same. The class-balanced loss is an image-level class-balanced loss function that can be implemented by inverse weighting the loss function by the number of effective classes.Therefore, to improve the identification accuracy of color V-I trajectory images, we rebalance the loss by weighting the loss function using the number of valid samples per class to improve the loss. A weighting factor is introduced in the class-balanced loss . We applz = T, where C is the total number of classes. The softmax function treats each class as mutually exclusive and calculates the probability distribution of all classes asAssume that the predicted output of the model for all classes is y, the SM-CE loss for this sample is written as:Given a sample with the class label y has ny training samples, the class-balanced SM-CE loss is:Suppose the class The class-balanced cross-entropy loss uses a balancing factor \u03c9 to increase the weight of minority samples in the target loss and decrease the weight of majority samples in the target loss, which makes the classifier focus more on the features of minority categories in training, thus improving the category imbalance problem in the dataset and increasing the accuracy of recognition.The 2 appliances in the PLAID dataset, Microwave (majority class) and Washing (minority class), have different sample sizes as shown in In the actual example, Python 3.8 and Pytorch 1.3.0 deep learning frameworks are used in the actual arithmetic example. The hardware platform was GeForceRTX3090, and the software platform was Linux OS Ubuntu 18.04. Hardware acceleration using GPUs when training deep learning models. The proposed load identification method was tested using the PLAID dataset. The dataset recorded 1793 sets of voltage and current data of 312 appliance loads in 11 categories from 55 households at a sampling frequency of 30 kHz . The num\u22124 to reduce the learning rate of the transferred layer. Meanwhile, the learning rate of the new fully connected layer was increased to 1 \u00d7 10\u22123.The number of iterations and pixels of the color V-I trajectory image was optimized to obtain the best parameters for load identification. When analyzing the influence of one parameter on the identification result, the other parameter was fixed. After determining the input and output of the model transfer, the new network model was trained until the termination condition was reached. The cross-entropy function was chosen as the minimum loss function, and the optimizer was chosen as Adam. The initial learning rate was configured as 1 \u00d7 10To quantitatively analyze the effect of the number of iterations on the method, the variation curves of the identification accuracy and loss value with the number of iterations during a specific test were plotted, as shown in N, the identification accuracy gradually decreased. When the image resolution is small, the color V-I trajectory image is not clear enough, and there is insufficient information about the features. When the resolution of the image is increased to a specific range, more feature information is contained, and CBAM-ResNet34 can extract the feature information. In addition, an image resolution that is too high can also increase the effect of random noise and perturbations, resulting in sharp color V-I trajectory images that are not conducive to subsequent feature extraction. This causes the accuracy of the load identification to decrease rather than increase. Given this, the resolution N of the color V-I image was set to 128.A box plot of the load identification accuracy at different resolutions is shown in Pre represents the precision . The fridge, air conditioner, and washing machine are multi-state appliances with limited working modes Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0N/AReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Summary:In this work, a fingerprint identification based on voltage-current (V-I) trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet34 is proposed. To obtain a color V-I trajectory image, the current, instantaneous power, and trajectory momentum information are added first to the original V-I trajectory image using color coding.Then, the ResNet34 model was pretrained using the ImageNet dataset and a fully-connected layer. The Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) was added to each residual structure module of ResNet34. Finally, to solve the problem of data imbalance in V-I trajectory identification, Class-Balanced (CB) loss is introduced to reweight the Softmax cross-entropy (SM-CE) loss function.The manuscript is interesting; however, the following comment should be addressed :Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 Results in terms of improvement ratio between the proposed and existing work need to be included .Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Materials and methods Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Power fingerprint identification based on transferred CBAM-ResNet34 Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Experiments Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Result and discussion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7 \u2013 The limitation of this work should be clearly included in the conclusion section .General Comments:- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 - There are some grammatical errors should be corrected .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Reviewer #2:\u00a0Dear AuthorsThe paper titled \u201cPower fingerprint identification based on the improved V-I trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet\u201d proposed a power fingerprint identificationbased on the improved voltage-current(V-I) trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet34. First, the current, instantaneous power, and trajectory momentum information are added to the original V-I trajectory image using color coding to obtain a color V-I trajectory image. Then, the ResNet34 model was pretrained using the ImageNet dataset and a new fully-connected layer meeting the device classification goal was used to replace the fully-connected layer of ResNet34. The experimental results on the imbalanced PLAID dataset verify that the method in this paper has better classification capability in small sample imbalanced datasets.The paper is interesting however it needs improvements.1. There are various types of ResNet models are available including ResNet-18, ResNet-34, ResNet-50, ResNet-101, ResNet-110, ResNet-152, ResNet-164, ResNet-1202, why authors choose ResNet-34.2. Line 371-372: the SMOTE is not explained, I suggest the author to explain it with proper work e.g. [1].3. Line 36: Power fingerprint identification is a hot issue in the field of NILM, include the full form when any abbreviation appears first time in the entire manuscript.4. This paper used ResNet however the role of ML/DL is not discussed to improve the need to utilize the ML/DL.5. Introduction needs a new paragraph which discuss the AI/DL applications with different domains at once. This paragraph should be added as \u201cNowadays, scientists and researchers used the machine learning (ML) and Deep learning (DL) models in several applications including agriculture , environment [3-6], and power fingerprint identification. 1. Planetscope Nanosatellites Image Classification Using Machine Learning; 2. CNN Based Automated Weed Detection System Using UAV Imagery; 3. SMOTEDNN: A Novel Model for Air Pollution Forecasting and AQI Classification; 4. CDLSTM: A Novel Model for Climate Change Forecasting; 5. Deep Learning Based Modeling of Groundwater Storage Change; 6. Deep Learning Based Supervised Image Classification Using UAV Images for Forest Areas Classification.6. Figure 1-13 needs improvement, all these figures looks blur.********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0No**********https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 22 Jan 2023Response to Reviewer 1 CommentsPoint 1: Abstract: Results in terms of improvement ratio between the proposed and existing work need to be included.Response 1: Thank you for underlining this deficiency. In the revised manuscript (page 1), we have added more details about the contribution of the paper in the abstract as the following: \u2018\u2019The experimental results show that the method effectively improves the identification accuracy by 4.4% and reduces the training time of the model by 14 min compared with the existing methods, which meets the accuracy requirements of fine-grained power fingerprint identification.\u2019\u2019Point 2: Conclusion Section: The limitation of this work should be clearly included in the conclusion section.Response 2: Thank you for underlining this deficiency. In the revised manuscript (page 23), we have added more details about the limitation of this work in the conclusion section as the following: \u2018\u2019However, the method proposed in this paper still has some problems to be solved. The identification effect of multi-state load in this paper can be further improved, and more advanced device identification models are needed to solve the problem in the future. In addition, the actual engineering implementation faces difficulties in constructing sample libraries and high data sampling frequency requirements. Therefore, a lot of related research work is still needed.\u2019\u2019Point 3: General Comments: There are some grammatical errors should be corrected.Response 3: Thank you for underlining this deficiency. In the revised manuscript , we have corrected grammatical errors and made detailed changes throughout the text. In addition, changes suggested by another reviewer and the grammar of the paragraphs added to the introduction were checked. The correction of major grammatical errors as the following: \u2018\u2019For V-I trajectory classification, the small amount of load data for specific user results in a poorly trained model with low accuracy or low generalization capability [21].\u2019\u2019\u2018\u2019(a)The instantaneous voltage of the Fridge over 1 s. (b) The instantaneous current of the Fridge over 1 s. (c) The instantaneous power of the Fridge over 1 s.\u2019\u2019\u2018\u2019Color-encoded V-I trajectory images and transferred CBAM-ResNet34 were used as the load feature and training model, respectively, which significantly enhanced the identification ability of the algorithm and reduced the model training time.\u2019\u2019Response to Reviewer 2 CommentsPoint 1: There are various types of ResNet models are available including ResNet-18, ResNet-34, ResNet-50, ResNet-101, ResNet-110, ResNet-152, ResNet-164, ResNet-1202, why authors choose ResNet-34?Response 1: We are grateful for the suggestion. According to the reviewer\u2019s comment, we have provided more details to describe the possible reasons. We have made additions in the corresponding sections of the manuscript. The reasons for selecting ResNet-34 to construct the classification model in this paper as the following:The different numbers of ResNet networks represent the number of layers of the network. Compared to ResNet-18, the network with the least number of layers lacks certain feature representation abilities. Compared to ResNet50, ResNet-101, ResNet-110, ResNet-152, ResNet-164, and ResNet-1202, the increase in the number of layers of the network is accompanied by an increase in the number of parameters and computations, which makes the network training slower. Also, with the addition of the CBAM attention module, ResNet34 can achieve not only higher accuracy but also higher accuracy at the beginning of training. This indicates that the network can learn the target features more efficiently and speed up the training of the network. This is since the introduction of the attention mechanism inside the residual block can learn the features of V-I image samples more efficiently.Compared with other layers of ResNet networks, the accuracy improvement of the attention mechanism module on the network is inferior to that of ResNet34. This is because the attention mechanism is more likely to learn effective features in shallow networks, and the improvement effect of the attention mechanism module on the performance of deeper networks is less obvious, and it is difficult for the attention mechanism to learn effective features.Therefore, considering the hardware cost limitation and the difficulty of training V-I images, and to reflect the feature extraction capability and convergence speed of ResNet34-CBAM, ResNet34-CBAM is selected as the classification model for V-I images in this paper.Point 2: Line 371-372: the SMOTE is not explained, I suggest the author explain it with proper work e.g. [1].Response 2: The authors thank the reviewer for pointing out this problem. The required explanation has been made. In the revised manuscript , the revised contents are as follows: \u2018\u2019Using transferred CBAM-ResNet34 as the base model, the methods in this paper were compared with the original data, random oversampling, SMOTE [41], and SVMSMOTE [42] data balancing algorithms on the PLAID dataset, respectively.\u2019\u2019https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3120738[41] Kim K. Noise Avoidance SMOTE in Ensemble Learning for Imbalanced Data. IEEE Access. 2021; 9: 143250\u201365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42835-021-00931-1[42] Rajesh L, Satyanarayana P. Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Detection of Malicious Traffic in SCADA Network. J Electr Eng Technol. 2022 Mar; 17(2): 913\u201328. Point 3: Line 36: Power fingerprint identification is a hot issue in the field of NILM, include the full form when any abbreviation appears first time in the entire manuscript.Response 3: Thank you for underlining this deficiency. In the revised manuscript , the revised contents are as follows: \u2018\u2019Power fingerprint identification is a hot issue in the field of Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM), which relies on power fingerprint features and classifiers to identify different types of devices. Common power fingerprint characteristics typically include voltage, current, harmonics, power, V-I trajectory, etc [7-9].\u2019\u2019Point 4: This paper used ResNet however the role of ML/DL is not discussed to improve the need to utilize the ML/DL.Response 4: We deeply appreciate the reviewer\u2019s suggestion. According to the reviewer\u2019s comment, we have added more details to describe and discuss the role of ML/DL. In the revised manuscript ( page 3), the revised contents are as follows:\u2018\u2019Nowadays, scientists and researchers used machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models in several applications including agriculture , environment [17-20], and power fingerprint identification. Machine learning is often applied to feature extraction and classification of power fingerprints, such as k-nearest neighbors, support vector machines, decision trees, and random forests. These methods are less computationally intensive, but the identification correct rate is lower. Recently, deep learning has achieved good results in the field of power fingerprint identification, such as CNN, RNN, etc. Meanwhile, researchers propose to construct V-I trajectory images with the help of color coding methods to convert power fingerprint identification into an image classification task in which deep learning excels. However, compared to machine learning, deep learning-based classifiers rely on large-scale training data and longer training time, which limits the application of deep learning.\u2019\u2019Point 5: Introduction needs a new paragraph which discuss the AI/DL applications with different domains at once. This paragraph should be added as \u201cNowadays, scientists and researchers used the machine learning (ML) and Deep learning (DL) models in several applications including agriculture , environment [3-6], and power fingerprint identification. 1. Planetscope Nanosatellites Image Classification Using Machine Learning; 2. CNN Based Automated Weed Detection System Using UAV Imagery; 3. SMOTEDNN: A Novel Model for Air Pollution Forecasting and AQI Classification; 4. CDLSTM: A Novel Model for Climate Change Forecasting; 5. Deep Learning Based Modeling of Groundwater Storage Change; 6. Deep Learning Based Supervised Image Classification Using UAV Images for Forest Areas Classification.Response 5: We are grateful for the suggestion. According to the reviewer\u2019s comment, we have provided more details to discuss the AI/DL applications with different domains at once in the introduction. In the revised manuscript ( page 3), the revised contents are as follows:\u2018\u2019Nowadays, scientists and researchers used machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models in several applications including agriculture , environment [17-20], and power fingerprint identification. Machine learning is often applied to feature extraction and classification of power fingerprints, such as k-nearest neighbors, support vector machines, decision trees, and random forests. These methods are less computationally intensive, but the identification correct rate is lower. Recently, deep learning has achieved good results in the field of power fingerprint identification, such as CNN, RNN, etc. Meanwhile, researchers propose to construct V-I trajectory images with the help of color coding methods to convert power fingerprint identification into an image classification task in which deep learning excels. However, compared to machine learning, deep learning-based classifiers rely on large-scale training data and longer training time, which limits the application of deep learning.\u2019\u2019https://doi.org/10.32604/csse.2022.023221[15] Anul Haq M. Planetscope Nanosatellites Image Classification Using Machine Learning. Computer Systems Science and Engineering. 2022; 42(3): 1031\u201346. https://doi.org/10.32604/csse.2022.023016[16] Anul Haq M. CNN Based Automated Weed Detection System Using UAV Imagery. Computer Systems Science and Engineering. 2022; 42(2): 837\u201349. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.021968[17] Attaallah A, Ahmad Khan R. SMOTEDNN: A Novel Model for Air Pollution Forecasting and AQI Classification. Computers, Materials & Continua. 2022; 71(1): 1403\u201325. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.023059[18] Anul Haq M. CDLSTM: A Novel Model for Climate Change Forecasting. Computers, Materials & Continua. 2022; 71(2): 2363\u201381. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.020495[19] Anul Haq M, Khadar Jilani A, Prabu P. Deep Learning Based Modeling of Groundwater Storage Change. Computers, Materials & Continua. 2022; 70(3): 4599\u2013617. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-020-01231-3[20] Haq MA, Rahaman G, Baral P, Ghosh A. Deep Learning Based Supervised Image Classification Using UAV Images for Forest Areas Classification. J Indian Soc Remote Sens. 2021 Mar; 49(3): 601\u20136. Point 6: Figure 1-13 needs improvement, all these figures looks blur.Response 6: Thank you for underlining this deficiency. In the revised manuscript, we have adjusted the clarity of Figures 1-13.AttachmentResponse to Reviewers.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 25 Jan 2023Power fingerprint identification based on the improved V-I trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNetPONE-D-22-31416R1Dear Dr. Lin,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Mohamed Hammad, Ph.D.Academic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> 1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0All comments have been addressedReviewer #2:\u00a0All comments have been addressed********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Summary:In this work, a fingerprint identification based on voltage-current (V-I) trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet34 is proposed. To obtain a color V-I trajectory image, the current, instantaneous power, and trajectory momentum information are added first to the original V-I trajectory image using color coding.Then, the ResNet34 model was pretrained using the ImageNet dataset and a fully-connected layer. The Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) was added to each residual structure module of ResNet34. Finally, to solve the problem of data imbalance in V-I trajectory identification, Class-Balanced (CB) loss is introduced to reweight the Softmax cross-entropy (SM-CE) loss function.The authors have addressed the raised comments .Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 The abstract is fine. No further comments .Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .Materials and methods Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .Power fingerprint identification based on transferred CBAM-ResNet34 Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .Experiments Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .Result and discussion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7 \u2013 This section is fine. No further comments .General Comments:- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 \u2013 No further comments .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Reviewer #2:\u00a0Dear AuthorsI have now completed the review of the revised manuscript, titled \" Power fingerprint identification based on the improved V-I trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet\u201d. I have observed that the authors put in good efforts to address most of the comments satisfactorily. The improvements in the figures is also seems excellent. Ref 17 details are incorrect, please correct.Best wishes********** <font color=\"black\"> 7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoYes:\u00a0Dr Mohd Anul HaqReviewer #2:\u00a0********** 30 Jan 2023PONE-D-22-31416R1 Power fingerprint identification based on the improved V-I trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet Dear Dr. Lin:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofDr. Mohamed Hammad Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "The first approach requires further development to improve computational speed. The second approach requires further development to automate accurate forcefield parameterization. Because of the extreme chemical diversity across thousands of MOF structures, this problem is still mostly unsolved today. For example, here we show structures in the 2014 CoRE MOF database contain more than 8 thousand different atom types based on first and second neighbors. Our results showed that atom types based on both first and second neighbors adequately capture the chemical environment, but atom types based on only first neighbors do not. For 3056 MOFs, we used density functional theory (DFT) followed by DDEC6 atomic population analysis to extract a host of important forcefield precursors: partial atomic charges; atom-in-material (AIM) C6, C8, and C10 dispersion coefficients; AIM dipole and quadrupole moments; various AIM polarizabilities; quantum Drude oscillator parameters; AIM electron cloud parameters; etc. Electrostatic parameters were validated through comparisons to the DFT-computed electrostatic potential. These forcefield precursors should find widespread applications to developing MOF force fields.A host of important performance properties for metal\u2013organic frameworks (MOFs) and other complex materials can be calculated by modeling statistical ensembles. The principle challenge is to develop accurate and computationally efficient interaction models for these simulations. Two major approaches are (i)  6, C8, C10), polarizabilities, electron cloud parameters, radial moments, and atom types were extracted from quantum chemistry calculations for >3000 MOFs.Atom-in-material (AIM) partial charges, dipoles and quadrupoles, dispersion coefficients (C Because of their nanoporous structures, these materials attract much interest for gas storage, gas separation, catalysis, and other applications.2\u20136 Many thousands of MOF crystal structures have been deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD).1,7,8,115\u2013117 Most often, these crystal structures were measured using X-ray diffraction crystallography (XRDC). Since hydrogen atoms contain no core electrons, they diffract X-rays extremely weakly.9 This makes it much harder to refine hydrogen atom positions than positions for heavier atoms.9\u201311 Consequently, hydrogen atom positions may be unresolved in some of the reported crystal structures. Other complications include the presence of disordered atoms, solvent molecules, and/or free ions in some of the reported MOF crystal structures.Metal\u2013organic frameworks (MOFs) are a kind of coordination network comprised of metal atoms connected by organic linkers.et al. reported a Computation Ready Experimental (CoRE) MOF database that was constructed by first searching the CSD to identify MOFs and then partially cleaning these structures.7 The searching step was designed to identify structures containing metal atoms bonded to non-metal atoms that form 3-dimensional networks. The cleaning process was intended to fix or discard structures containing disordered atoms and partial occupancies. The cleaning process was also intended to remove solvent molecules and other small adsorbates in the MOF's pores but to retain charge-balancing ions. Finally, missing hydrogen atoms were added to some of the structures. However, this cleaning process was imperfect resulting in some structures with errors.12,13,115 This 2014 CoRE MOF database was the starting point for our study. It contains a total of 5109 structures, of which 4764 structures were modified during the cleaning process and 345 retained their original CSD structures.714,15 The 2014 CoRE database contains some structures that are MIFs.13In 2014, Chung et al. reported DDEC net atomic charges (NACs) for 2932 structures.16 In 2017, Nazarian et al. reported DFT-optimized geometries for 838 structures including 502 with computed DDEC NACs.17 Soon, a major revision of the CoRE MOF database will be published that expands the number of structures to approximately 15 thousand . Altintas et al.115 reported a comparative analysis between the 2014 CoRE MOF database and the CSD-derived MOF database of Moghadam et al.116Several follow-ups were subsequently made to the CoRE MOF database. In 2016, Nazarian 1 Owing to the large number of different metal atoms and organic linkers that could be combined in various ways, there is a nearly infinite number of potentially synthesizable MOFs.1,18\u201320 Computational chemistry can be an efficient way to search this vast chemical space to help identify the most promising materials to later synthesize and experimentally test.21 This will avoid unnecessary efforts to synthesize a large number of materials that do not perform well for the desired applications.Although many thousands of MOFs have been synthesized to date, this is only a tiny fraction of the number of MOFs that could potentially be made.e.g., constant NVE, NVT, NPT, \u03bcVT, \u03bcPT, NPH, etc.). Here, the properties can be roughly divided into thermodynamic properties that occur at equilibrium and dynamic properties that describe transient system response to non-equilibrium. Gas adsorption isotherms are often computed in the grand canonical (\u03bcVT) or Gibbs ensembles.22,23 Gas diffusion constants are often computed in the canonical (NVT) or microcanonical (NVE) ensembles using equilibrium molecular dynamics.24,25 System behaviors under extreme conditions, such as high pressures, low or high temperatures, applied electromagnetic fields, irradiation, high stresses, and corrosive conditions are of emerging interest.A host of important performance properties for MOFs and other complex materials can be calculated by modeling statistical ensembles  to solve the Schrodinger equation for the material's electron distribution . A somewhat larger length scale considers individual atoms interacting via a classical force field in atomistic simulations.21,28,29 Coarse-grained and continuum models treat even larger length scales.30,31When modeling statistical ensembles, an interaction model is required to compute the system's energy as a function of chemical configuration. Several different types of interaction models exist depending on the length scale at which the system is modeled. The smallest length scale considers individual electrons using an exchange\u2013correlation theory  would describe all material types but is extremely computationally expensive. In practice, approximate exchange\u2013correlation theories are used that describe an extremely broad range of different material types with acceptable accuracy and computational efficiency. Because exchange\u2013correlation theories are not material specific, they should not have to be reparameterized for a new material type. In contrast, classical force fields have to be extensively parameterized for individual atoms or atom types.29,32 Because computing the system's energy is usually much faster using a classical force field than an exchange\u2013correlation theory, classical atomistic simulations can usually be performed faster and over larger length and time scales than quantum chemistry calculations.Quantum chemistry using an exchange\u2013correlation theory has different advantages and limitations compared to classical atomistic simulations using a force field. An exact exchange\u2013correlation theory , London dispersion interactions, and/or short-range exchange-repulsion.44,45 When optimizing the bonded parameter values, it is orders of magnitude more efficient to fit them to atom-in-material forces across multiple geometries than to only fit them to the system's total energy across multiple geometries.46,47 Because each geometry yields many atom-in-material forces but only one total energy, fewer geometries are needed to fit the bonded parameter values to forces than to energies.Classical force fields typically contain bonded and non-bonded terms. Bonded terms describe flexibility  and have been incorporated into many flexible force fields for MOFs.48 As shown in e.g., Lennard-Jones) to two-particle interaction curves gives force fields that often overestimate liquid-phase densities.49 If the parameters of the two-body potential are adjusted to yield correct liquid-phase densities, then the two-particle interaction curve will be incorrectly described.45 This problem can be fixed by explicitly including many-body dispersion and/or many-body polarization in the force field. For example, Kiss and Baranyai showed polarizability must be included in a force field to describe liquid water accurately over a wide range of conditions.50A classical force field must contain many-body dispersion and/or many-body polarization to accurately describe system properties over a wide range of conditions.via an effective Lagrangian. CPMD improves the computational efficiency of ab initio molecular dynamics, but CPMD is limited to materials containing a band gap .52\u201354 VASP can perform ab initio molecular dynamics even for metals, but this requires computing self-consistent orbitals at each time step.54,55 Recently, many studies focused on first-principles derived classical force fields whose parameters are extracted from quantum chemistry calculations.22,35,40,44,45,49,56,57 Other studies parameterized force fields by fitting to experimental data36,58 or using machine learning  is a quantum chemistry method in which the wavefunction does not have to be self-consistently solved at each time step, because it evolves learning .et al.7 We attempted DFT calculations on all of the modified structures except the largest ones containing >\u223c1700 atoms; however, some DFT calculations did not converge. DFT calculations converged for 4445 structures that formed the calculated group, while the unconverged and large structures comprised 319 uncalculated structures. The acceptance or rejection criteria described in Section 2.4 were then applied to the CSD, calculated, and uncalculated structures. Atom typing was then applied to all of the accepted structures. A total of 8607 different atom types were identified. Various forcefield precursors were computed and reported in the ESIThis work is a large-scale computation of atom types and non-bonded parameters for MOFs. 2.2.163 exchange\u2013correlation functional and the VASP64,65 software. Frozen-core all-electron calculations were performed using the projector augmented wave66,67 (PAW) method that uses a scalar-relativistic treatment of relaxed valence electrons and high-level relativistic treatment of frozen-core electrons.68 The PAW potentials recommended on the VASP website were used for all these calculations. The planewave energy cutoff was 400 eV. Following prior recommendation,69 the number of k-points along each lattice vector times the lattice vector length was \u226516 \u00c5. If the k-points mesh was 1 \u00d7 1 \u00d7 1 then the Gamma point was used, otherwise we used Monkhorst\u2013Pack70k-point grids. Real-space grids were chosen to avoid aliasing errors .69 The magnetic alignment of unpaired electron spins was optimized starting from the VASP default guess .The periodic quantum chemistry calculations of MOFs were performed using the PBE72,73 functional and def2QZVPPDD74,75 basis set. Geometries of these molecules were optimized at this level of theory.Calculations for the small organic molecules in Section 3.3 were performed using Gaussian16  with the2.2r3\u3009 and \u3008r4\u3009 radial moments, and atomic spin moment were computed in the Chargemol program using DDEC6 partitioning.69,76,77rA values for which 10\u22124 \u2264 \u03c1avgA(rA) \u2264 10\u22122 e bohr\u22123. rA is the distance from position r\u20d1 to atom A's nuclear position. The fitted intercept a, slope b, and squared correlation coefficient R2 are reported. The R2 values were nearly always > 0.99 indicating nearly perfect linearity. These electron cloud parameters have several uses in molecular mechanics force fields. First, they are useful to describe charge penetration .76 Second, they are useful to describe short-range exchange-repulsion.44 van Vleet et al. showed the Born-Mayer exponential term describing short-range exchange-repulsion has an effective exponent of \u223c0.84 \u00d7 b.44 Although their results were derived for iterated stockholder atom78 (ISA) partitioning,44 we expect the same relation to hold for DDEC6 partitioning. Third, these electron cloud parameters are useful to parameterize dispersion damping functions  that keep the dispersion energy finite as the distance between two atoms approaches zero.44,45The electron cloud parameters fit the electron density tail of each atom in the material to an exponential decay function. Specifically, the logarithm of the spherically averaged electron density assigned to atom A was fit to a straight line74 and software , C8 (dipole\u2013quadrupole), C9 (dipole\u2013dipole\u2013dipole), C10 (dipole\u2013octupole and quadrupole\u2013quadrupole).74,82,83 The C9 coefficients were not printed to the forcefield precursors file, because they can be readily computed74 from the printed forcefield polarizability and QDO parameters. The MCLF method includes convenient mixing rules (based on a QDO model) to easily calculate each of these dispersion coefficients between unlike atoms using only parameters of the individual atoms.74The polarizabilities, dispersion coefficients, and quantum Drude oscillator (QDO) parameters were computed using the MCLF methodsoftware . The MCL6 dispersion coefficient does not equal the r\u22126 coefficient of the Lennard-Jones force field.84 Because the Lennard-Jones force field does not explicitly include higher-order dispersion  terms, the Lennard-Jones r\u22126 coefficient must be made artificially higher than C6 to effectively compensate for the neglected C8 and C10 dispersion terms.74,84 Near the minimum energy separation between two atoms, higher-order dispersion  can contribute \u223c35% of the total dispersion energy.79Of key importance, the C85,86 Three QDO parameters were computed for each atom in the material: (a) the pseudoelectron's effective charge, (b) the effective QDO frequency, and (c) the QDO's reduced mass.74,85 Force fields based on QDO models describe multibody dispersion and multibody polarization beyond the dipole approximation but require advanced simulation techniques.85\u201387A QDO is a quantum harmonic oscillator containing a pseudoelectron attracted to a pseudonucleus.2.3e.g., DFT) electrostatic potential over a chosen set of grid points:88Ngrid_points is the number of grid points used to compute RMSE. Vmodeloffset is the average difference between VQM(r\u20d1) and Vmodel(r\u20d1) over these grid points.89 These grid points are normally chosen to be outside the material's van der Waals surface.90 For a MOF crystal, these grid points occur inside the MOF's pores.The root mean squared error (RMSE) of an electrostatic model quantifies its error compared to the quantum mechanically computed (\u03c1(r\u20d1), was \u226410\u22124 e bohr\u22123, (ii) the grid point was no closer than 5 bohr to any atom in the material, and (iii) the grid point was closer than 12 bohr to at least one atom in the material. If any one of these three criteria were not met, the grid point was not used.In this study, the RMSE grid points were uniformly distributed in the volume of space that simultaneously met all three of the following criteria: (i) the material's total electron density, null_model(r\u20d1) = 0.91 Note that Vnull_modeloffset equals the average of VQM(r\u20d1) over the RMSE grid points, VQMavg. Therefore,76,88,91,92 co-authored by one of us and differs from the even earlier literature89,93 by including the potential offsets in this RRMSE definition. These potential offsets must be included in the RMSE and RRMSE definitions, because in periodic materials the electrostatic potential has no obvious spatial position where it approaches zero value and the energy of a system having no net charge is invariant to a constant electrostatic potential shift.The relative root mean squared error (RRMSE) is the ratio of the electrostatic model's RMSE to the RMSE of a null model for which VQM(r\u20d1) was output from VASP using the keyword LVHAR = .true. We wrote an OpenMP parallelized Fortran program to compute RMSE and RRMSE. The RMSE and RRMSE were computed for the following four electrostatic models: (A) NACs only (aka monopole order), (B) NACs plus spherical cloud penetration, (C) NACs plus atomic dipoles (aka dipole order), and (D) NACs plus atomic dipoles plus spherical cloud penetration.In this work, the DFT electrostatic potential V2.47 These goals were partially but not fully achieved.The 2014 CoRE MOF database was developed with goals of fixing disordered atoms, adding missing hydrogens, removing solvent molecules, discarding unfixable structures, and other cleaning protocols.To partially address remaining structural deficiencies in the 2014 CoRE MOF database, we performed: (i) reasonability checks on our computed forcefield precursors for the calculated structures and (ii) connectivity checks for all structure categories. 69,94e.g., ClO4\u2212, BrO4\u2212, IO4\u2212) which can give relatively large SBOs. Oxygen atom has two electrons to share in covalent bonding but can also bond via lone-pairs ; therefore, its accepted SBO range was set to . Boron and nitrogen atoms can exhibit variable bonding involving \u223c3 or \u223c4 covalent bonds ; therefore, accepted SBO ranges were set to  for B and  for N. The upper bound for N was slightly higher than for B to accommodate the formally higher SBO of N in nitrates than B in borates. Since Si prefers \u223c4 bonds, its accepted SBO range was set to . The accepted SBO ranges for S, Se, and Te were set to  to accommodate their ability to form \u223c2  to \u223c6 heuristic bonds . The accepted SBO ranges for P and As were set to  to accommodate their ability to form \u223c3  to \u223c6 heuristic bonds . We do not claim these choices are perfect, but they can screen out some bad structures.The sum of bond orders (SBO) was used as a screening criterion for reasonableness. DDEC6 bond orders and SBO for each atom in a material were computed using the Chargemol program.e.g., N, O, etc.).A calculated structure was rejected if any metal atom had negative NAC. In this article, the definition of metal atom included all elements not listed in A calculated structure was rejected if any one of the four RRMSE described in Section 2.3 was greater than 0.5. This criterion ensured each of our four electrostatic models described the electrostatic potential with an error less than half of a no charges model. In other words, each electrostatic model described the majority of electrostatic potential variations in the MOF's pores.Structures were rejected from all categories if they contained any isolated atoms. An atom was considered isolated if it was not connected to any other atom based on the radii listed in For CSD and uncalculated structures, some structures were rejected based on strange connectivity identified by visual inspection. Because this visual inspection was not performed systematically, we do not claim all instances of bad connectivity were identified.7 We do not report forcefield precursors for the CSD structures, because CSD licensing terms may not allow us to publicly distribute their geometries.The second column of 3.3.16, C8 and C10 dispersion coefficients; fluctuating polarizability; forcefield polarizability; electron cloud parameters; \u3008r3\u3009 and \u3008 r4\u3009 moments; QDO parameters; atomic dipole and quadrupole; atomic screened static polarizability tensor and isotropic polarizability; atomic spin moment. The data collected for the MOF's unit cell includes: the lattice vectors, the total spin magnetic moment, the net charge, and the RRMSE of the electrostatic potential for electrostatic models including (A) NACs only, (B) NACs plus spherical cloud penetration, (C) NACs plus atomic dipoles, and (D) NACs plus atomic dipoles and spherical cloud penetration. For each MOF, these data were written to a xyz file whose chemical structure can be visualized with the Jmol95,96 program. In the future, these forcefield precursors could be used as building blocks to construct force fields for these materials.Files containing forcefield precursors for 3056 accepted calculated structures are contained in the ESI.3.297\u201399 Therefore, including spherical cloud penetration (aka \u2018charge penetration\u2019) will likely improve the adsorbate\u2013MOF and adsorbate\u2013adsorbate electrostatic interaction energies even though its effects on RRMSE were negligible.Some additional comments are in order. Even though spherical cloud penetration had negligible effect on the RRMSE values, this does not necessarily mean charge penetration effects are not important for constructing accurate electrostatic models. In MOF's, the RRMSE probes volume in space that is likely occupied by an adsorbate atom's nuclear position. Because charge penetration extends over the volume occupied by an adsorbate atom's full electron density distribution, it affects the electrostatic potential over a much larger volume than that probed by RRMSE calculation. For this reason, charge penetration can be more important than indicated by the RRMSE values. Prior studies demonstrated intermolecular electrostatic interaction energies are substantially improved by including charge penetration.When constructing force fields, decisions have to be made about tradeoffs between simplicity and accuracy. For best accuracy, the force field should include NACs, atomic dipoles (and possibly atomic quadrupoles), and spherical charge penetration. However, the simplest force field would include NACs only and neglect atomic multipoles and charge penetration.3.329 The main idea of atom typing is to classify similar atoms into the same atom type to facilitate forcefield parameterization, where all atoms of the same atom type are normally assigned identical forcefield parameters.32 Biomolecular force fields have used atom types for several decades.100\u2013106 The universal force field (UFF) and its extensions to MOFs  focused on atom types for structural optimizations.107\u2013109Atom types are widely used in force fields.e.g., MOFs and covalent organic frameworks) using first neighbors only.110,111 Two significant limitations of the CBAC method are: (i) its atom types are based on first neighbors only which limits chemical transferability and (ii) the NACs for its atom types were obtained by CHELPG analysis of small fragment clusters but it is unclear how accurately these may reproduce the fully periodic electrostatic potential.110,111The connectivity based atom contribution (CBAC) method defined atom types in porous materials . Second, we reduced some transition metal radii to eliminate unreasonable metal\u2013metal bonds and excessively high coordination numbers. Third, the carbon and oxygen radii were slightly increased to maintain carbon/oxygen\u2013metal bonds after decreasing the metal radii. These radii values are unique only in an approximate sense, because small increases or decreases in the radii values may be feasible. Large changes in these radii values are not feasible, because bad atom connectivity would result.During atom typing, two atoms were considered directly connected if the distance between them was no greater than the sum of the atom typing radii listed in These atom type definitions gave a total of 1313 first-neighbor atom types and 7033 second-neighbor atom types for the 3056 accepted calculated MOFs. Of these, 783 first-neighbor and 3015 second-neighbor atom types appeared in more than one MOF.6, C8, and C10 dispersion coefficients; fluctuating, forcefield, and static polarizabilities; \u3008r3\u3009 and \u3008r4\u3009 radial moments; a, b, and R2 electron cloud parameters; atomic dipole moment magnitude; three QDO parameters; and atomic spin moment. 6 across first-neighbor-based and second-neighbor-based atom types. Only atom types appearing in more than one accepted calculated structure were included in this analysis. Second-neighbor-based atom types showed remarkably better chemical transferability compared to first-neighbor-based atom types. For example, 91.9% of the second-neighbor-based atom types had NAC standard deviations \u22640.05e, while only 59.5% of the first-neighbor-based atom types did.Is second-neighbor-based atom typing optimal? To explore this question, the averages and standard deviations of 17 different forcefield precursors were computed and listed in the ESI112 The inductive effect usually decreases across each bond and is usually limited to 2 to 3 bonds lengths.112 Our decision to base atom typing on first and second neighbors is a pragmatic one. As shown in This atom typing is theoretically justified, because in organic molecules electronic effects play a major role in group reactivity and induction contributes a significant portion of that effect. In organic chemistry, the inductive effect is the electron donating or withdrawing ability of a chemical group that can be transmitted to other parts of the molecule through chemical bonds.Do a relatively small number of atom types completely describe a large percentage of the accepted calculated structures? 7 Among the 3056 accepted calculated structures, 785 structures were built entirely of the elements Cu, Zn, C, H, N, and O. These 785 structures contained 1314 different atom types.Zn and Cu were the most common metal elements in the 2014 CoRE MOF database.et al.,62 we obtained 32\u2009530 atom types from 130\u2009265 molecules in the dataset (aka \u2018130k\u2019 dataset).  The DDEC6 NACs for these molecules are obtained from Bleiziffer et al.'s data for a dielectric constant of 4.62 Of the atom types from the 130k molecules and 3056 accepted calculated CoRE MOFs, 798 are shared in both datasets and 780 of these have more than one occurrence (in the same or multiple structures) in each dataset. et al. trained a machine learning model on the 130k dataset to predict DDEC6 NACs with high accuracy.62 The similar DDEC6 NAC between CoRE MOF and 130k molecules datasets for a shared atom type and Bleiziffer et al.'s successful machine learning model indicate it should be feasible to train a machine learning model to predict the properties of new atom types. Due to the extremely large number of distinct atom types we found in these datasets, a machine learning model could be highly useful to assign force-field parameter values for such a large number of atom types.Finally, we tested the transferability of atom typing across different classes of materials. Applying the second-neighbor atom typing procedure discussed above to the molecular test set of Bleiziffer 4.In this article, we considered the problem of how to automatically extract forcefield precursors from quantum chemistry calculations using DDEC6 atomic population analysis. We focused on calculating non-bonded parameters for each atom in the material: net atomic charge, atomic dipole and quadrupole, electron cloud parameters, atomic spin moment, dispersion coefficients, various polarizabilities, and QDO parameters. Our first main result was calculated values of these atomistic descriptors for 3056 MOFs that will serve as building blocks to construct classical force fields for these materials.Regarding the electrostatic parameters, our results confirm the general belief that NACs can often reproduce the electrostatic potential surrounding a material with acceptable accuracy. Including atomic dipoles dramatically reduced the electrostatic potential errors; therefore, it is preferable to include atomic dipoles in the electrostatic model. Spherical cloud penetration had negligible effect on the RRMSE histograms; however, charge penetration effects can still be important at short interatomic distances.Our second main result was the practical assessment of atom typing for MOFs. We improved values of the atom typing radii that define whether two atoms in a material are directly bonded to each other. Our results showed that atom types based on both first and second neighbors adequately captures the chemical environment, but atom types based on only first neighbors does not. Specifically, the standard deviation of calculated forcefield precursors was relatively large across atoms sharing similar first neighbor environments but relatively small across atoms sharing similar first and second neighbor environments. Including third neighbors in the atom type definition would create an unnecessarily large and burdensome number of different atom types. Therefore, atom typing including both first and second neighbors is optimal.18,19 To date, only a tiny fraction of these hypothetical MOFs have been chemically synthesized.18,19 As more and more of these hypothetical MOFs are synthesized, many atom types will be reused leading to a higher MOF to atom type ratio. Moreover, parameterizing only the popular atom types could describe a substantial percentage of MOFs with higher MOF to atom type ratio.Our results demonstrate the large chemical diversity of MOFs. 8607 different atom types were identified in the 3608 non-rejected MOFs. These atom types should be useful to develop future force fields for MOFs. Although the MOF to atom type ratio was lower than 1.0 in our study, there are two key reasons to be believe this ratio will improve in the future: (1) the number of chemical elements from which MOFs can be synthesized is practically limited to \u223c100, because heavier chemical elements undergo rapid radioactive decay. Therefore, new MOFs will reuse many of the same chemical elements. (2) There is an almost infinite number of different ways to combine common metals and common organic linkers to form MOFs.e.g., DFT + dispersion) and classical force fields. The former needs orders of magnitude improvement in computational speed to yield rapid ab initio molecular dynamics. The latter requires extensive parameterization to yield accurate force fields. To actually develop working force fields, the non-bonded interaction terms studied herein will need to be combined with bonded interaction terms  and further parameterization of short-range exchange-repulsion. However, in simulations using a rigid framework approximation , the bonded interaction terms are not required.In summary, more research is urgently needed to develop accurate interaction models for MOFs. Because of the large chemical diversity of real and hypothetical MOFs, it is impractical to evaluate all possible MOFs experimentally. Therefore, computational assessment is required. The interaction model is a crucial ingredient of computational assessment. Two major types of interaction models are exchange\u2013correlation theories  CAREER Award DMR-1555376 provided financial support. Supercomputing resources were provided by the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE).T. C. performed the calculations and wrote Python scripts to prepare input files, analyze output files, perform atom typing, determine whether to accept or reject structures, and write files containing force-field precursors and atom type statistics. T. A. M. wrote the programs to compute the electrostatic potential RRMSE and electron cloud parameters. T. A. M. obtained funding for the project. Both authors designed the study, interpreted data, and wrote the manuscript.There are no conflicts of interest to 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{"text": "Correction: Pilot Feasibility Stud 8, 145 (2022)https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-022-01091-3Following publication of the original article , the autDippel N, Zimmermann J, Brakemeier E-L, Christiansen H. Capturing impact messages in parent - child interactions: Adaption and Validation of the Impact-Message-Inventory. In preparation.The original article  has been"}
{"text": "Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2022;66(1):132-3Where you read:Julio Alvarez Gamero1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6861-5699Victor Garc\u00eda Ruiz2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-7630Jose Paz Ibarra3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-3727Should read:Julio C\u00e9sar Alvarez-Gamero1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6861-5699Victor Ra\u00fal Garc\u00eda-Ruiz2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-7630Jose Luis Paz-Ibarra3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-3727"}
{"text": "Social PSYCHIATRY is essential for solutions of RH-conflicts leading to immense psychic&medical problems-. Millions tenants in Europe: Germany-54.3%/Austria-30.2%/France-25.3%/GB-24.1%/Italy-12.9%/Slovenia-4.5%. German journals reflect catastrophic situation of tenant-lessor conflicts-[3].REFERENCES: [1a]-Luetge,Ch et-al(ed): Experimental Ethics, Basingstoke:Palgrave-Macmillan,2014. [1b]-Pegoraro,R (Chancellor Academy/Vatican-City) \u00abArzt und Christ\u00bb 38:3-55,1992; EACME-2017-Barcelona AB:p.129-130. [2]-Michailov,M.Ch, Neu,E, Welscher,U et-al: [2a]-Psychology: EFPA-2019-Moscow AB:p.1529,1530,1549. IUPsyS-2008-Berlin Int.J.Psychol. 43/3-4 p.154,248,615,799. [2b]-Psychiatry: EPA-2020-virtual/Madrid, Eur.Psychiatry 63S:EPP0834/5+EPV0581/1470; EPA-2019-Warsaw 56S:S689; EPA-2018-Nice 48/S1:S623&567&662. WPA-2019-Lisbon, E-Poster WCP19-2137/-1822/-1839: 2018-Mexico-City, Abs.-Book WCP18-0584/-0625/-0643/-0654. 2011-Buenos-Aires, AB:PO1.200. [2c]-Philosophy&Law: IVR-2019-Lucerne Progr.Book:p.114-116. FISP-2018-Peking Abstr.Book(AB)1348-50,1373-4,1420; -2013-Athens AB464-5/503-4/766. EACME-2017-Barcelona/MedEthics) AB73-74/125-126. [2d]-Psychosomatics: ICPM-2017-Peking AB:ID: 648493/648895/647749/648878; -2005-Kobe, JPsychosomRes 58: 85-86. [2e]-Physiology: DPG-2019 (German-Austrian-Suisse Soc.) Acta-Physiol., 227/S719, A03-3,A03-4,A03-9,A04-4,A05-1. IUPS-2017-Rio-de-Janeiro, AB:ID977; IUPS-2009-Kyoto, J.Physiol.Sci. Proc-IUPS-Vol.XXII/Springer,p.249. [3]-German-journals-\u201ctz\u201d-M\u00fcnchen, 14.02.2019, 15.02.17, 06.12.16/p.10, 18.10.16/p.10. S\u00fcddt.Zeitung-no172/p.30, 2017. Bild-14.12.2018/p.12. M\u00fc.-Merkur-14./15.12.2019/no289/p.33.Psychological-medical-social observations-.Complex interaction of social-natural factors (micro-ecology/apartments) are demonstrated by conflicts tenants-lessors (RH-Munich). Conflicts conc. high-rents, luxurious repair, cause dangerous psychoneurological diseases: anxiety-neurosis-insomnia-depression,etc., esp. in patients/seniors with cardio-vascular pathology. Defect-doors&radiators&windows (air-currents) induce respiratory-diseases, defect-illumination causes accidents . Examples for impossible situation in German-RH: After 47years annihilation of RH-contract (tenant-woman 74years); over 4.5years lessor tries to eliminate 2scientists from RH, living-working 40/50years  by justice-terror; RH-contracts of tenants 90years with dementia&blind-senior (90years) are annihilated. RH-conflict leads to lethal consequences of 73 year tenant-[3].SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY could help millions of tenants injured by RH-conflicts- by (a)-psychotherapy&education considering \u201ctotal symptoms of mind-body, acc. to Emperor AKIHITO during ICPM-2005-Kobe-[2d], (b)-education of RH-administrators incl. philosophical/psychological/psychiatric-examination, (c)-foundation of \u201ehouse-councils\u201c for \u201eRH-industry\u201c counteracting psychopathological/-somatic diseases. This way will be supported UNO-Agenda21 for better health/education/ecology on global-level.No significant relationships."}
{"text": "Correction to: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases (2022) 17:406 10.1186/s13023-022-02282-0Following publication of the original article , we havehttps://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/conditions-we-treat/severe-recessive-dystrophic-epidermolysis-bullosa-rdeb/55. Jessop N and Miller C (2020)."}
{"text": "Graph embedding approaches have been attracting increasing attention in recent years mainly due to their universal applicability. They convert network data into a vector space in which the graph structural information and properties are maximumly preserved. Most existing approaches, however, ignore the rich information about interactions between nodes, i.e., edge attribute or edge type. Moreover, the learned embeddings suffer from a lack of explainability, and cannot be used to study the effects of typed structures in edge-attributed networks. In this paper, we introduce a framework to embed edge type information in graphlets and generate a Typed-Edge Graphlets Degree Vector (TyE-GDV). Additionally, we extend two combinatorial approaches, i.e., the colored graphlets and heterogeneous graphlets approaches to edge-attributed networks. Through applying the proposed method to a case study of chronic pain patients, we find that not only the network structure of a patient could indicate his/her perceived pain grade, but also certain social ties, such as those with friends, colleagues, and healthcare professionals, are more crucial in understanding the impact of chronic pain. Further, we demonstrate that in a node classification task, the edge-type encoded graphlets approaches outperform the traditional graphlet degree vector approach by a significant margin, and that TyE-GDV could achieve a competitive performance of the combinatorial approaches while being far more efficient in space requirements. Abstracting entities and their interactions as nodes and links, networks are a general model for studying complex systems . Real-woThese approaches, however, overlook rich information about interactions between nodes. Edge attribute or edge type information is indispensable when studying many networks. For instance, the label of each edge in a routing network reflects the cost of traffic via that edge and is used to determine the best possible routing scheme; in a user-object bipartite network, an edge is labelled with the user\u2019s rating for the product, based on which effective recommender systems can be built ; and in To address this issue, we propose to incorporate edge type information into graphlets and form a Typed-Edge Graphlets Degree Vector (TyE-GDV) . This isWe then employ the proposed TyE-GDV and the classic graphlets degree vector  to evaluTo compare with the proposed method, we further extend two recent graphlets-based approaches, i.e., the colored graphlets approach  and the To summarise, the main contributions of this work are as follows:In order to effectively encode edge type information, we propose a novel framework to generate a Typed-Edge Graphlet Degree Vector;We further modify the TyE-GDV framework so that it is better suited for egocentric networks;We extend colored graphlets and heterogeneous graphlets approaches for edge-typed networks and egocentric networks.According to a case study on individuals with chronic pain, certain social ties are more crucial in understanding the effects of chronic pain and may result in more successful therapeutic interventions.We demonstrate that rich structural information enhanced by edge-type information leads to significant improvement in a typical machine learning task.The remainder of this paper is organised as follows. Related works are discussed in Section 2. Preliminary knowledge is provided in Section 3. The proposed typed-edge graphlets, and the extended colored graphlets and heterogeneous graphlets are introduced in Section 4 and Section 5, respectively. Experiments, results and analysis are presented in Section 6. Finally, we conclude and discuss future directions in Section 7.Compared to abundant approaches that take advantage of node attributes, fewer works have focused on leveraging edge attribute information in graph analysis. A straightforward approach is to construct an adjacency matrix containing edge attributes and then to factorise it . This apAlthough these approaches are shown to be effective in some downstream tasks, a common issue about them is that their learned embeddings lack explainability\u2014we do not know what each element of the embedding vector means. They are, therefore, unable to reveal the deeper and, ideally, more easily explainable relationship between a local network structure and an edge attribute.In this section, we introduce the notions of graphlets and orbits, and discuss how they can be adapted in egocentric networks.Node degree, being the most basic structural feature, counts the number of edges incident to a node. Graphlets or graphlets degree generalises the idea of node degree by counting the number of graphlets the node participates. Specifically, graphlets are a set of \u201csmall connected nonisomorphic induced subgraphs\u201d . Small iG7, for example, it touches orbit-0 three times (the degree of the node), orbit-2 once (the open triad), orbit-3 twice (the triangle), and orbit-13 once. Therefore, its graphlet degree vector has 3 at the 0th coordinate, 1s at the 2th and 13th coordinates, 2 at the 3rd coordinate, and 0s at the remaining coordinates.GDV, or sometimes normalised GDV, has been widely applied in various domains and has become a standard structural feature when measuring the similarities and differences between nodes \u201317. We sG1, but two node orbits in it. We also refer to edge orbits as edge-orbit graphlets in this work. The concept of heterogeneous graphlets is built upon edge orbits, and we will discuss more about it in Section 5.The notion of orbits was originally established at a node level, distinguishing a node position when counting graphlets. Ho\u010devar and Dem\u0161ar later proposed to count graphlets at a link level and introduced the notion of edge orbits . Fig 1 and G5 (4-cycle) are excluded because any node in them acting as an ego cannot reach other nodes in a single hop. Second, since only one node can serve as the ego in an egocentric graphlet, it is unnecessary to discriminate between different orbits. Therefore, there are in total seven egocentric graphlets of 2 to 4 nodes, which are 2-clique, 2-path, 3-clique, 3-star, tailed-triangle, 4-chordal-cycle and 4-clique . Additionally, the set of orbits o\u2208 ).The initial step of the framework is a graph preprocessing, where the set of edge types is mapped to integers ranging from 0 to  4 nodes . Thus, tAlgorithm 1: Build Typed-Edge Graphlet Degree Vector.input: preprocessed graph V\u2032.Output: dictionary dic of vectors for all nodes \u2208 V\u2032.1 initialise: dic = {}2 foreachi \u2208 V\u2032 do3\u2003 initialise a 2d-vector vec of size 4\u2003 foreachdo5\u2003\u2003Le = GetEdgeList(o);6\u2003\u2003Upadate7\u2003dic[i] = vec;Algorithm 2: Update Vector.1 Function Updateinput 2d-vector vec, type of node orbit o, list of edges eL.\u20032 \u2003 foreache \u2208 Ledo3\u2003\u2003\u2003\u03c4e = GetType(e);o and \u03c4e are used as indices in vec. \u2003\u2003\u2003*/\u2003\u2003\u2003 /* 4\u2003\u2003\u2003vec[o][\u03c4e] increase by 1;Algorithm 3: Code Snippet for Orbit-6, 9 and 10.V\u2032 and for each orbit in the set of node-orbit graphlets pdate function (Algorithm 2). The calculation of each orbit in Algorithm 1 is omitted for a more concise expression. To demonstrate the detailed process, we give a program snippet for calculating orbit-6, orbit-9 and orbit-10 in Algorithm 3. C denotes all possible 2-combinations of the neighbours of node u. The use of combinations is to avoid repetitive calculation. In Algorithm 2, o and \u03c4e are readily used as indices when updating the vector as a result of the preprocessing stage. Finally, at the end of Algorithm 1, a dictionary of nodes as keys and their corresponding TyE-GDV as values is returned. For example, if an orbit-9 is detected and its four edges are of type \u20180\u2019, \u20181\u2019, \u20182\u2019 and \u20182\u2019, vector elements at coordinates , ,  and  will increase by 1. Obviously, the time complexity of generating TyE-GDV is the same as counting graphlets. Although the introduction and implementation of the typed-edge graphlets approach is aimed at dealing with edge attributed networks, it can be easily extended to node attributed networks by replacing an edge type with a node type, or to networks containing both different node and edge types by adding an extra dimension of a node type.Next, for any node of interest, the typed-edge graphlet degree vector (TyE-GDV), i.e., a two-dimensional vector of size C and C stand for all possible 2-combinations and 3-combinations of the neighbours of node i. Note that in TyE-EGDV, there are in total 7 orbits in As discussed in Section 3.2, egocentric networks are sometimes of special interest, especially when edge type information is included (as in our case study dataset of chronic pain patients). With the restriction of being egocentric, there are fewer orbits in graphlets that need to be considered. Therefore, we propose a tailor-made version of the framework for egocentric networks, called TyE-EGDV (see Algorithm 4). f 15 see . TherefoAlgorithm 4: Build Typed-Edge Ego-Graphlet Degree Vector.i with an edge type t, i.e., t that are connected to i. Then, a typed-edge degree vector (TyE-DV) can be defined as a vector containing typed-edge degrees of all types.Since a node degree is the simplest network structural metric, a naive way of encoding edge type information in a network structure is first to have the notion of a typed-edge degree. Formally, the typed-edge degree of a node Some other approaches that also aim to take a node and/or an edge type into consideration include the colored motifs , coloredT \u2212 1, where T is the total number of possible node types. This is incorrect as it fails to take the size of the graphlet into account. When graphlet size is smaller than the number of node types, the total number of combinations will be smaller than 2T \u2212 1. For example, when we consider the graphlet G0, i.e., 2-clique, with three possible node types, there are in total six combinations, instead of seven. The combination containing all three types cannot exist since there are only two nodes in this graphlet. Below, we give the amended equation for calculating the number of combinations in a given graphlet g:K(g) is the number of nodes of the graphlet when T refers to a node type, or the number of edges of the graphlet when it refers to an edge type. Note that when K(g)\u2265T, the equation becomes T \u2212 1. We then develop a colored graphlets approach for edge-typed networks, named ColoredE-GDV, which is also applied to the case study in the next section.Colored graphlets approach  is at thThe recently proposed heterogeneous graphlets approach  also conK(g) is the number of nodes of the graphlet when T refers to a node type, and the number of edges when it refers to an edge type. Since type repetition is allowed in heterogeneous graphlets, the number of possible heterogeneous graphlets is larger than that of colored graphlets.Similarly, N . The approach of HeteroE-GDVN is demonstrated through Algorithm 5. We see clearly that its time complexity stays the same when counting untyped graphlets, but the space complexity grows fast with the number of edge types.In order to extend the idea of heterogeneous graphlets to a node-level analysis and to deal with typed edges, we propose a node-based typed-edge heterogeneous graphlets approach, named HeteroE-GDVAlgorithm 5: Node-based Heterogeneous Graphlets Degree Vector (Hetero-GDVN)input: preprocessed graph V\u2032.output: dictionary dic of vectors for all nodes \u2208V\u2032.1 initialise: dic = {};2\u2003/* range of edge number of graphlets of size 2\u20144 nodes \u2003\u2003\u2003\u2003\u2003\u2003*/3fork \u2190 1 to 6 do4 \u2003Lk =  increase by 1;13 \u200314 \u2003dic[i] = vec;Although the above approaches seem powerful to capture all possible combinations (or combinations of repetitions) of different types of nodes or edges, their numbers of possible graphlets, which are also their space complexities, grow near-exponentially with the number of node or edge types. For example, with 9 node types, in the colored graphlets approach, there are 255 possible colored graphlets for a graphlet of 4 nodes; and in the heterogeneous graphlets approach, there are 495 possible graphlets. In comparison, the space complexity grows linearly with the number of edge types in the proposed TyE-GDV approach. Moreover, out of this large number of possible graphlets, only a tiny percentage of them actually exists in real networks. For example, in Cora citation network , only 19https://github.com/MingshanJia/explore-local-structure.In order to utilise the colored graphlets and the heterogeneous graphlets approaches in egocentric networks, we further develop their egocentric versions, and apply them in the chronic pain case study. With fewer node orbits to consider, egocentric colored graphlets and egocentric heterogeneous graphlets are faster and more space-saving than the original ones. The implementation of these algorithms is available at N and TyE-GDV share the same time complexity because they are all node-based algorithms. Hetero-GDVL as the only link-based algorithm, could be faster in sparse networks. When it comes to space complexity, the proposed TyE-GDV grows linearly with the number of edge types, while the other three methods grow near exponentially with it.To conclude this section, we summarise the time and space complexities of the four main approaches in In this section, we apply the proposed methods to analyse the egocentric social networks of chronic pain patients.The real-world dataset is collected from chronic pain patients of the League for Rheumatoid Arthritis, the League for Fibromyalgia and the Flemish Pain League . Each paSome basic characteristics of the egocentric networks, such as the ego nodes\u2019 degree distribution and their edge-type distribution, are shown in Moreover, the grades of chronic pain are calculated by means of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS), which evaluates both pain disability and pain intensity . Then, p\u00ae) Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0PartlyReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0No********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0ID: PONE-D-22-15936Title: Encoding edge type information in graphletsSummary:In this work, a framework to embed edge type information in graphlets and generate a Typed-Edge Graphlets Degree Vector (TyE-GDV) is introduced.The manuscript is interesting; however, the following comment should be addressed :Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 The brief methodology should be given in the abstract .2 - The obtained results should be included in the abstract. The results should be included in terms of improvement ratio between the proposed and existing works .Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 \u2013 The structure of the manuscript need to be included at the end of this section .4 \u2013 A related work section should be included in the manuscript .Background and Preliminaries Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 This section is fine . no comments .Typed-Edge Graphlet Degree Vector Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6 \u2013 More justification is required in this section .Typed-Edge Degree, Colored Graphlets and 162 Heterogeneous Graphlets Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7 \u2013 This section is fine . No comments .Experiments and Analysis Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 \u2013 For more readability, more visual examples are requiredConclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 \u2013 The limitation of this work should be clearly included in the conclusion section . Also, future work need to be included in this section .References :- - - - - - - - - - - - - -9 \u2013 References need to be updated from literature (2022) .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Reviewer #2:\u00a0The paper introduces Typed-Edge Graphlets Degree Vectors (TyE-GDV) as a tool to analyze egocentric networks with different edge types. The method is applied to pain patient data, both for analysis and for prediction of pain sensation from the patient's social network.The paper is well written and presents interesting ideas and results. I have a few minor comments:1. While the code is made available on GitHub, the data is not (at least not obviously to be found in the GitHub repository). For means of reproducibility it should be provided.2. Algorithm 3: The variables t_o_6, t_o_9 etc. used in the algorithm are not defined, neither in the algorithm nor in the text.3. Lines 135 and 137: It should read \"from 0 to |T_e| - 1\" and \"from 0 to |O| - 1\", respectively, to match the examples given within the same sentences.4. Line 160f: It would be helpful to add a reference to Fig. 2, which shows the 7 orbits of TyE-EGDV.5. Equations (1) and (2): The derivation of the formulae should be briefly explained, in particular since (1) is claimed to be a correction of a result previously published in [23].6. Fig. 4: The figure could be drawn as a radar chart, which might be more familiar to the usual reader than a parallel coordinates plot. The difference between the pain grades with respect to orbit types might also be more obvious in a radar chart. For Fig. 5 parallel coordinate plots are probably more appropriate due to the large number of attributes (edge types).7. References: Starting from ref. [17], page numbers are missing for most references. Also the formatting of reference entries varies, e.g., regarding the capitalization of journal titles. The whole reference section should be thoroughly proofread and amended where necessary.********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). 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Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 22 Jul 2022Our detailed reponse is in the attached rebuttal letter.AttachmentRebuttal_Letter_PlosOne22.pdfSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 2 Aug 2022 <div> PONE-D-22-15936R1 </div>  <div> Encoding edge type information in graphlets </div>  <div> PLOS ONEDear Dr. Jia,Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.plosone@plos.org. 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For instructions see: We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.Kind regards,Lun HuAcademic EditorPLOS ONEJournal Requirements:Please review your reference list to ensure that it is complete and correct. If you have cited papers that have been retracted, please include the rationale for doing so in the manuscript text, or remove these references and replace them with relevant current references. Any changes to the reference list should be mentioned in the rebuttal letter that accompanies your revised manuscript. If you need to cite a retracted article, indicate the article\u2019s retracted status in the References list and also include a citation and full reference for the retraction notice.Additional Editor Comments:Although the quality of this work has been improved a lot after revision, one reviewer still has some minor concerns about the paper, please address them for publication.[Note: HTML markup is below. Please do not edit.]Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> 1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0(No Response)Reviewer #2:\u00a0All comments have been addressed********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0ID: PONE-D-22-15936 R1Title: Encoding edge type information in graphletsSummary:In this work, a framework to embed edge type information in graphlets and generate a Typed-Edge Graphlets Degree Vector (TyE-GDV) is introduced.The authors have addressed the raised comments; however, one comment need to be addressed. Please check the comments below :Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 The abstract is fine. No comments .Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Preliminaries Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 \u2013 This section is fine . no comments .Typed-Edge Graphlet Degree Vector Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 \u2013 This section is fine . no comments .Typed-Edge Degree, Colored Graphlets and 162 Heterogeneous Graphlets Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 This section is fine . No comments .Experiments and Analysis Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6 \u2013 This section is fine . No comments .Related Work Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7 \u2013 This section need to be moved after the Introduction Section .Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 \u2013 This section is fine . No comments .References :- - - - - - - - - - - - - -9 \u2013 The references are fine.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Reviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoYes:\u00a0Volker AhlersReviewer #2:\u00a0**********https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step. </div> While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 2 Aug 2022Please find our detailed response in the attached rebuttal letter.AttachmentRebuttal_letter_R2.pdfSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 15 Aug 2022Encoding edge type information in graphletsPONE-D-22-15936R2Dear Dr. Jia,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Lun HuAcademic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :All reviewers agreed that this work can now be accepted.Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to Questions <font color=\"black\"> Comments to the Author </font> 1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0All comments have been addressedReviewer #2:\u00a0All comments have been addressed********** <font color=\"black\"> 2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified. </font> The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English? </font> PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 6. Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0ID: PONE-D-22-15936 R2Title: Encoding edge type information in graphletsSummary:In this work, a framework to embed edge type information in graphlets and generate a Typed-Edge Graphlets Degree Vector (TyE-GDV) is introduced.The authors have addressed all the raised comments.Abstract :- - - - - - - - - - -1 \u2013 The abstract is fine. No comments .Introduction Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Related Work Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3 \u2013 This section is fine. No comments .Preliminaries Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 \u2013 This section is fine . no comments .Typed-Edge Graphlet Degree Vector Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 \u2013 This section is fine . no comments .Typed-Edge Degree, Colored Graphlets and 162 Heterogeneous Graphlets Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6 \u2013 This section is fine . No comments .Experiments and Analysis Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7 \u2013 This section is fine . No comments .Conclusion Section :- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8 \u2013 This section is fine . No comments .References :- - - - - - - - - - - - - -9 \u2013 The references are fine.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Reviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)********** <font color=\"black\"> 7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy. </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoYes:\u00a0Volker AhlersReviewer #2:\u00a0********** 17 Aug 2022PONE-D-22-15936R2 Encoding edge type information in graphlets Dear Dr. Jia:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofDr. Lun Hu Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "NORTH AMERICA29 September \u2013 1 October, 2022Society of Vascular Medicine (SVM) 33rd Annual Scientific SessionsGrand Hyatt Denver, Denver, Colorado USAwww.woundsource.com/resource/svm-33rd-annual-scientific-sessions14\u201016 October 2022Symposium on Advanced Wound Care Fall 2022 Las Vegas, NV. USAwww.sawcfall.com14\u201016 October 2022Wounds CanadaSheraton Centre Hotel, Toronto Canadawww.woundscanada2022.ca13\u201016 October 2022American Vein and Lymphatic Society Annual CongressNew Orleans, Louisiana, USAwww.myavls.org/annual-congress-202210\u201012 November 2022Association for the Advancement of Wound CareSalt Lake City, Utah USAwww.aawconline.org/2022-annual-conferenceEUROPE4 October, 2022International Conference on Wound Care Management (ICWCM)Baku, Azerbaijanwww.conferenceindex.org/event/international-conference-on-wound-care-management-icwcm-2022-october-baku-az28\u201029 October 2022International Conference on Biomaterials in Drug Delivery and Wound Care ICBDDWCLisbon, Portugalwww.waset.org/biomaterials-in-drug-delivery-and-wound-care-conference-in-october-2022-in-lisbon8\u20109 November 2022International Conference on Textile Materials for Wound Care ICTMWCIstanbul, Turkeywww.waset.org/textile-materials-for-wound-care-conference-in-november-2022-in-istanbul18\u201019 November 2022International Conference on Smart Textiles for Wound Care ICSTWCLondon, United Kingdomwww.waset.org/smart-textiles-for-wound-care-conference-in-november-2022-in-london24\u201027 November 202216th National and 4th International Wound CongressAntalya, Turkeywww.yarakongresi2022.org/en/home-fourteen-english7 December, 2022Israel Wounds Ostomy and Incontinence Association (IWOIA)Tel Aviv, Israelwww.facebook.com/groups/1618684384988994INTERNATIONAL5\u20106 December 2022International Conference on Wound Care, Tissue Repair and Regenerative MedicineDubai, United Arab Emirateswww.woundcare.alliedacademies.com"}
{"text": "Jon Pines FRSEditor-in-Chief, Open Biology"}
{"text": "Psychiatry is fundamental interdisciplinary medical science with essential importance for enormous health-problems of humanity. Creation of integrative-psychiary in context of multidimensional&holistic medicine, founded by HIPPOCRATES-GALENUS-HUA T\u2019UA-AVICENA-PARACELSUS is necessary to counteract disastrous human health-situation. Psychiatry needs new integrative therapy-models considering application of psychopharmacotherapy as well as practices of psycho-somatic (Th.v.UEXK\u00dcLL) and somato-psychic theories (Y.IKEMI). Emperor AKIHITO during Opening-Ceremony of ICPM-2005-Kobe appointed to consider \u201ctotal symptoms of mind-body, seeking ways of holistic care\u201d.REFERENCES. PSYCHIATRY: EPA-2020-virtual/Madrid, Eur.Psychiatry 63S, EPP0834/5+EPV0581/1470; EPA-2019-Warsaw, Eur. Psychiatry 56S,S689; EPA-2018-Nice, Eur.Psychiatry 48/S1, S623&567&662. WPA-2019-Lisbon, E-Poster WCP19-2137, -1822, -1839; 2018-Mexico-City, Abs.-Book WCP18-0584/-0625/-0643/-0654. 2011-Buenos-Aires,AB:PO1.200. PSYCHOLOGY: EFPA-2019-Moscow, Abs.-Book 1529,1530,1549. IUPsyS-2012-Cape-Town, IntJPsychol 47:407; -2008-Berlin, 43/3-4:154, 248,615,799; -2004-Beijing, AB:49,587. PSYCHOSOMATICS: ICPM-2017-Beijing, AB:ID: 648493,648895,648749,648878; -2005-Kobe, J.Psychosom.Res. 58:85-86.Evaluation of psychic-\u201cpolar-attitude-list\u201d/physiological-parameters: heart-rate, blood-pressure,etc. from patients/probands after training by occidental/oriental practices (Music-/Yogatherapy/others) (ref.).Observations demonstrate strong positive influence after music[1], respiratory[2], hatha-yoga[3] therapies. Items of psycho-physiological (relaxed), emotional (tranquil/happy), cognitive (few/ordered thoughts), voluntary (active/spontaneous), social (open/assertive), consciousness (clear/sleepy) categories are significantly positive changed 25-50%. The 3-therapies have specific psychic-effects,e.g. items \u201crelaxed/tranquil\u201d after respiratory- (+45/50%) and music- (+20/5%), also item \u201copen\u201d after music-therapy (+25%) are positive, but negative after respiratory-therapy (-20%). Psychic-effects are correlated with positive physiological-ones,e.g. heart/respiratory-frequency decreased 25-30%, voluntary-apnoea prolonged 55%. Mountain-altitude (>2000-3000m), hypothermia (<20 to 0\u00b0C) influenced positively psychic/physiological-parameters,e.g. heart-rate/blood-pressure decrease .Different methods of integrative psychiatric therapy are with preference,e.g. for depression is suitable respiratory/physical-training, also hypothermia&high-mountain therapy (activation-euphoria), for mania:music-therapy (inhibitory-effect). Systematically research about single/combined therapies is necessary,e.g. for epilepsy: Respiratory-therapy/hypothermia,etc. could help patients (hypo-/hypercapnia: inhibitory/excitatory effects on CNS-structures)."}
{"text": "Artificial intelligence, machine learning, computer-aided diagnosis,and radiomics: advances in imaging towards to precision medicine, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2019.0049, published inRadiologia Brasileira, 52(6):387-396, on page 387, line 7:In the article where it reads:Marcello Henrique Nogueira Barbosashould read:Marcello Henrique Nogueira-BarbosaProf. Dr. Edson MarchioriRadiologia BrasileiraEditor-in-Chief of"}
{"text": "Trechispora are an important genus of wood-inhabiting fungi that have the ability to decompose rotten wood in the forest ecosystem. In this study, we reported three new species of Trechispora: T. murina, T. odontioidea, T. olivacea from a subtropical region of Yunnan Province, China. Species descriptions were based on a combination of morphological features and phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and LSU region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Trechispora murina is characterized by the resupinate basidiomata, grandinioid hymenial surface with a greyish tint, monomitic hyphal system and ellipsoid, thick-walled, ornamented basidiospores; T. odontioidea has an odontioid hymenial surface with cylindrical to conical, blunt aculei and subglobose to globose, colorless, slightly thick-walled, ornamented basidiospores; T. olivacea has a farinaceous hymenial surface with olivaceous tint, basidia clavate and thick-walled, ornamented, broadly ellipsoid to globose basidiospores. Sequences of the ITS and nLSU rDNA markers of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. After a series of phylogenetic analyses, the 5.8S+nLSU dataset was constructed to test the phylogenetic relationship of Trechispora with other genera of Hydnodontaceae. The ITS dataset was used to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship of the three new species with other species of Trechispora. Using ITS phylogeny, the new species T. murina was retrieved as a sister to T. bambusicola with moderate supports; T. odontioidea formed a single lineage and then grouped with T. fimbriata and T. nivea; while T. olivacea formed a monophyletic lineage with T. farinacea, T. hondurensis, and T. mollis. Trechispora P. Karst. belongs to Trechisporales, a small but strongly supported order in Agaricomycotina [Trechispora (Hydnodontaceae J\u00fclich) typified by T. onusta P. Karst., which is characterized by resupinate to effused basidiomata; a smooth to hydnoid to poroid hymenophore; ampullaceous septa; short cylindric basidia; and smooth to verrucose or aculeate basidiospores [Trechispora. About 60 species are currently accepted in Trechispora worldwide [Fungi form an essential branch of the tree of life, inferred from the important relationship with animals and plants , and it mycotina ,15. Treciospores . Currentorldwide ,25,26,27orldwide ,32,33,34Trechispora nested into trechisporoid clade [Trechispora belonged to Hydnodontaceae and was related to genera Brevicellicium K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam, Porpomyces J\u00fclich, Sistotremastrum J. Erikss., and Subulicystidium Parmasto [Trechispora to these genera are basidiomata resupinate, hyphal system monomitic, cystidia absent [Porpomyces, Scytinopogon Singer, and Trechispora grouped closely together and nested within Hydnodontaceae [The high phylogenetic diversity on the corticioid Agaricomycetes based on two genes, 5.8S and 28S in which nine taxa of id clade . The molParmasto , the sima absent . The phyontaceae .Trechispora reports two new Trechispora species: T. cyatheae Ordynets, Langer & K.H. Larss. and T. echinocristallina Ordynets, Langer & K.H. Larss., which were found in La R\u00e9union Island [Trechispora has been reported from North America and China [Based on the ITS and nLSU datasets, the phylogenetic study of n Island . Recentlnd China ,33,34.Trechispora.During the investigations of the corticioid fungi, Yunnan Province, China, we collected three fungal taxa, which could not be assigned to any described species within Hydnodontaceae. We present morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence that support them as the three new species in Fresh fruiting bodies of the fungi growing on fallen angiosperm branches were collected in 2019 from the Honghe and Wenshan of Yunnan Province, China. The samples were photographed in situ and macroscopic details were recorded. Field photographs were taken by a Jianeng 80D camera . All photographs were focus-stacked and merged using Helicon Focus Pro 7.7.5 software. Once the macroscopic details were recorded, the specimens were transported to a field station where the specimens were dried on an electronic food dryer at 45 \u00b0C. Once dried, the specimens were labeled and sealed in envelopes and plastic bags. The dried specimens were deposited in the herbarium of the Southwest Forestry University (SWFC), Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.The macromorphological descriptions were based on field notes and photos captured in the field and laboratory. Color, texture, taste and odor of fruit bodies were mostly based on the authors\u2019 field trip investigations. Color terminology follows Kornerup and Wanscher . All mathttp://lutzonilab.org/nuclear-ribosomal-dna/, accessed on 7 June 2019). The PCR procedure used for ITS was as follows: initial denaturation at 95 \u00b0C for 3 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94 \u00b0C for 40 s, 58 \u00b0C for 45 s, and 72 \u00b0C for 1 min, and a final extension of 72 \u00b0C for 10 min. The PCR procedure used for nLSU was as follows: initial denaturation at 94 \u00b0C for 1 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94 \u00b0C for 30 s, 48 \u00b0C for 1 min, and 72 \u00b0C for 1.5 min, and a final extension of 72 \u00b0C for 10 min. The PCR products were purified and sequenced at Kunming Tsingke Biological Technology Limited Company . All the newly generated sequences were deposited in NCBI GenBank   was used to obtain genomic DNA from the dried specimens following the manufacturer\u2019s instructions . The nucer 2021) .Trechispora and related genera, and the ITS dataset was used to evaluate the phylogenetic relationships of the new species with known species of the genus. Sequences of Porpomyces mucidus (Pers.) that J\u00fclich and P. submucidus F. Wu & C.L. Zhao retrieved from GenBank were used as the outgroup for the 5.8S+nLSU analysis  Hjortstam & Ryvarden retrieved from GenBank were used as the outgroup for the ITS analysis , maximum likelihood (ML), and Bayesian inference (BI), according to Zhao and Wu . MaximumMrModeltest 2.3  was usedThe 5.8S+nLSU dataset  includedBrevicellicium, Dextrinocystis Gilb. & M. Blackw., Litschauerella Oberw., Luellia K.H. Larss. & Hjortstam, Scytinopogon, Sistotremastrum J. Erikss., Sphaerobasidium Oberw., Subulicystidium Parmasto, Tubulicium Oberw., and Trechispora, shows that all related genera cluster into Trechisporales and the three new species grouped into Trechispora.The 5.8S+nLSU rDNA gene regions  include The ITS-alone dataset  includedTrechispora, in which the new species T. murina was sister to T. bambusicola with higher supports ; T. odontioidea formed a unique position within the clade of T. fimbriata C.L. Zhao and T. nivea (Pers.) K.H. Larss; while T. olivacea shared a clade formed by the members of T. farinacea (Pers.) Liberta, T. hondurensis Schoutteten & Haelew., and T. mollis.The phylogram inferred from the ITS dataset  indicateTrechispora murina K.Y. Luo & C.L. Zhao, sp. nov. MycoBank no.: 842491.Holotype\u2014China, Yunnan Province, Wenshan, Funing County, Guying Village, GPS coordinates 23\u00b044\u2032 N, 105\u00b056\u2032 E, altitude 750 m asl., on a fallen angiosperm branch, leg. C.L. Zhao, 20 January 2019, CLZhao 11752 (SWFC).Etymology\u2014murina (Lat.): Referring to the furry mouse-like hymenial surface.Basidiomata\u2014Annual, resupinate, thin, growing adnate but easily separable, up to 15 cm long, 3 cm wide, 100\u2013500 \u00b5m thick. Hymenial surface grandinioid, pale greyish to grey when fresh, turn to greyish upon drying. Sterile margin concolorous with a hymenial surface, up to 2 mm wide.Hyphal system\u2014Monomitic; generative hyphae with clamp connections; colorless; thick-walled with a wide to lumen; richly branched; interwoven; encrusted; 2\u20133.5 \u00b5m in diameter; IKI\u2013, CB\u2013; tissues unchanged in KOH.Hymenium\u2014Cystidia and cystidioles absent; basidia more or less clavate, with four sterigmata and a basal clamp connection, 10.0\u201314.0 \u00d7 3.5\u20134.5 \u00b5m; basidioles dominant; basidioles in shape similar to basidia, but slightly smaller.Spores\u2014Basidiospores ellipsoid, colorless, thick-walled, ornamented, IKI\u2013, CB\u2013, (2.5\u2013) 3\u20134 \u00d7 (2\u2013) 2.5\u20133 \u00b5m, L = 3.42 \u00b5m, W = 2.87 \u00b5m, Q = 1.17\u20131.20 (n = 60/2).Additional specimen examined (paratype)\u2014China, Yunnan Province, Wenshan, Funing County, Guying Village, GPS coordinates 23\u00b039\u2032 N, 105\u00b059\u2032 E, altitude 1400 m asl., on a fallen angiosperm branch, leg. C.L. Zhao, 20 January 2019, CLZhao 11736 (SWFC).Trechispora odontioidea K.Y. Luo & C.L. Zhao, sp. nov. MycoBank no.: 844493.Holotype\u2014China, Yunnan Province, Honghe, Pingbian County, Daweishan National Nature Reserve. GPS coordinates: 23\u00b0420\u2032 N, 103\u00b0300\u2032 E; altitude: 1500 m asl., on fallen angiosperm branches, leg. C.L. Zhao, 1 August 2019, CLZhao 17890 (SWFC).odontioideaEtymology\u2014 (Lat.): Referring to the odontioid hymenophore.Basidiomata\u2014Annual, adnate, thin, up to 11 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, 50\u2013200 \u00b5m thick. Hymenial surface odontioid, aculei cylindrical to conical, blunt, 0.3\u20130.6 mm long, pale buff when fresh, turn to buff upon drying. Sterile margin indistinct, cream to buff, 0.5\u20131 mm wide.Hyphal system\u2014Monomitic; generative hyphae with clamp connections; colorless, thin- to thick-walled; frequently branched; interwoven; 2\u20133.5 \u00b5m in diameter; ampullate hyphae frequently present; IKI\u2212, CB\u2212; tissues unchanged in KOH.Hymenium\u2014Cystidia and cystidioles absent.; basidia clavate, with four sterigmata and a basal clamp connection, 8.0\u201312.0 \u00d7 2.5\u20134 \u00b5m; basidioles dominant, in shape similar to basidia, but smaller.Spores\u2014Basidiospores subglobose to globose, colorless, slightly thick-walled, ornamented, IKI\u2212, CB\u2212, 2\u20133 \u00d7 1.5\u20132.5 \u00b5m, L = 2.53 \u00b5m, W = 2.00 \u00b5m, Q = 1.27 (n = 30/1).Trechispora olivacea K.Y. Luo & C.L. Zhao, sp. nov. MycoBank no.: 844494.Holotype\u2014China, Yunnan Province, Honghe, Pingbian County, Daweishan National Nature Reserve. GPS coordinates: 23\u00b0420\u2032 N, 103\u00b0300\u2032 E; altitude: 1500 m asl., on fallen angiosperm branches, leg. C.L. Zhao, 1 August 2019, CLZhao 17826 (SWFC).Etymologyolivacea\u2014 (Lat.): Referring to the olivaceous hymenial surface.Basidiomata\u2014Annual, resupinate, thin, very hard to separate from substrate, up to 11 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, 30\u201380 \u00b5m thick. Hymenial surface farinaceous, pale white to slightly olivaceous when fresh, turn to olivaceous upon drying. Sterile margin indistinct, slightly olivaceous, 0.2\u20130.5 mm wide.Hyphal system\u2014Monomitic; generative hyphae with clamp connections; colorless; thin- to thick-walled; occasionally branched; interwoven; 1.5\u20133.0 \u00b5m in diameter; ampullate hyphae present; IKI\u2013, CB\u2013; tissues unchanged in KOH.Hymenium\u2014Cystidia and cystidioles absent; basidia clavate, with four sterigmata and a basal clamp connection, 10.0\u201312.0 \u00d7 4.5\u20135 \u00b5m; basidioles dominant, with the shape similar to basidia, but smaller.Spores\u2014Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid to globose, colorless, thick-walled, ornamented, IKI\u2013, CB\u2013, 2.5\u20134 \u00d7 1.5\u20132.5 \u00b5m, L = 3.30 \u00b5m, W = 2.65 \u00b5m, Q = 1.25 (n = 30/1).Trechispora farinacea and T. hymenocystis nested into Trechispora located in Hydnodontaceae  [Trechispora murina, T. odontioidea, and T. olivacea are nested into Trechispora, in which T. murina was sister to T. bambusicola; T. odontioidea formed a monophyletic lineage and then grouped with T. fimbriata and T. nivea; while T. olivacea formed a monophyletic lineage and then grouped with T. farinacea, T. hondurensis, and T. mollis. However, T. bambusicola is morphologically distinguishable from T. murina by having the odontioid hymenophore with cream to buff the hymenial surface [Trechispora fimbriata is distinguishable from T. odontioidea by having the hydnoid hymenial surface and longer basidiospores (3\u20133.6 \u00d7 2.4\u20133.2 \u00b5m) [T. nivea differs from T. odontioidea by its thin-walled, larger basidiospores (3.5\u20134 \u00d7 2.5\u20133 \u00b5m) [Trechispora farinacea is distinguishable from T. olivacea by its smooth to grandinioid or odontioid hymenophore with whitish to ochraceous hymenial surface and larger basidiospores (4\u20135 \u00d7 3.5\u20134 \u00b5m) [T. hondurensis is separated from T. olivacea by having a hydnoid to partly irpicoid hymenial surface and thin-walled, wider basidiospores (3.6\u20133.8 \u00d7 2.7\u20132.9 \u00b5m) [T. mollis is distinguishable from T. olivacea because it has white-yellow to pale yellow hydnoid hymenial surface, and wider ampullate septa at generative hyphae (reaching 8 \u00b5m in width) [The classification of corticioid fungi revealed that two taxa of porales) . In the  surface . Trechis\u20133.2 \u00b5m) ; T. nive\u20132.9 \u00b5m) ; T. molln width) .Trechispora murina is similar to T. farinacea, T. rigida, T. subsphaerospora (Litsch.) Liberta, and T. torrendii Chikowski & K.H. Larss. Based on the character of the grandinioid hymenial surface. However, Trechispora farinacea is separated from T. murina by having a whitish to ochraceous hymenial surface and larger, subglobose to broadly elliposid basidiospores (4\u20135 \u00d7 3.5\u20134 \u00b5m) [Trechispora rigida differs from T. murina due to the presence of its dirty white to buff hymenophore [Trechispora subsphaerospora differs from T. murina by having smooth basidiospores [Trechispora torrendii differs in its pale yellow to yellow hymenophore [Morphologically, enophore  and havienophore . Trechisiospores . Trechisenophore  and has enophore .Trechispora murina is similar to T. canariensis Ryvarden & Liberta, T. fastidiosa (Pers.) Liberta, T. praefocata  Liberta, T. stevensonii (Berk. & Broome) K.H. Larss., and T. yunnanensis C.L. Zhao due to the presence of the ellipsoid, ornamented basidiospores. However, Trechispora canariensis differs from T. murina because it has arachonoid to pelliculose hymenial surface and thin-walled, larger basidiospores (5\u20137 \u00d7 3\u20133.5 \u00b5m) [Trechispora fastidiosa is separated from T. murina by having a membranaceous, whitish to cream hymenial surface and larger basidiospores (6\u20137 \u00d7 4.5\u20135.5 \u00b5m) [Trechispora praefocata differs by having the farinaceous to arachnoid hymenial surface and larger basidiospores (5\u20136.5 \u00d7 4\u20135.5 \u00b5m) [Trechispora stevensonii differs from T. murina by its hydnoid hymenophore and larger basidiospores (4\u20134.5 \u00d7 3\u20133.5 \u00b5m) [Trechispora yunnanensis is separated from T. murina by having the farinaceous hymenial surface and larger basidiospores (7\u20138.5 \u00d7 5\u20135.5 \u00b5m) [\u20135.5 \u00b5m) .Trechispora odontioidea is similar to T. bambusicola C.L. Zhao and T. nivea in having an odontioid hymenial surface. However, Trechispora bambusicola differs from T. odontioidea because it has granulose basidiomata, and the absence of the ampullaceous septa [Trechispora nivea differs from T. odontioidea due to the presence of white to ochraceous basidiomata and broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, thin-walled, larger basidiospores (3.5\u20134 \u00d7 2.5\u20133 \u00b5m) [us septa . TrechisTrechispora odontioidea resembles T. clancularis (Park.-Rhodes) K.H. Larss., T. cyatheae Ordynets, Langer & K.H. Larss., T. hymenocystis (Berk. & Broome) K.H. Larsson, T. invisitata (H.S. Jacks.) Liberta, and T. torrendii Chikowski & K.H. Larss. due to the presence of ornamented or aculeate basidiospores. However, Trechispora clancularis is distinguishable from T. odontioidea due to the presence of its poroid to irpicoid hymenial surface and subglobose to ovoid, larger basidiospores (6\u20136.5 \u00d7 5\u20136 \u00b5m) [Trechispora cyatheae differs from T. odontioidea in having a farinaceous to grandinioid hymenial surface, and broadly elliptical to slightly lacrymiform and adaxial side convex or straight, longer basidiospores (3\u20133.5 \u00d7 2\u20133 \u00b5m) [Trechispora hymenocystis is distinguishable from T. odontioidea by its poroid basidiomata and broadly ellipsoidal to ellipsoidal, larger basidiospores (4.5\u20135.5 \u00d7 3.5\u20134.5 \u00b5m) [Trechispora invisitata differs from T. odontioidea because it has a smooth to porulose, farinaceous to granulose hymenial surface and ellipsoid to ovate, larger basidiospores (4.5\u20135.5 \u00d7 3\u20134 \u00b5m) [Trechispora torrendii differs from T. odontioidea because it has a farinose to grandinioid hymenial surface and larger basidiospores (3.2\u20133.5 \u00d7 2.8\u20133.2 \u00b5m) [ores 6\u20136. \u00d7 5\u20136 \u00b5m 2\u20133 \u00b5m) . Trechis\u20134.5 \u00b5m) . Trechis\u20133.2 \u00b5m) .Trechispora olivacea is similar to T. caucasica (Parmasto) Liberta, T. dimitica Hallenb., T. gelatinosa Meiras-Ottoni & Gibertoni, T. verruculosa (G. Cunn.) K.H. Larss., and T. yunnanensis C.L. Zhao due to the presence of a farinaceous hymenial surface. However, Trechispora caucasica differs from T. olivacea by having a white to greyish hymenial surface and narrowly ellipsoid to reniform with a median constriction, larger basidiospores (5\u20135.5 \u00d7 4\u20134.5 \u00b5m) [Trechispora dimitica differs from T. olivacea in its white to pale greyish hymenial surface, dimitic hyphal system, and shorter basidia (7\u201310 \u00d7 4.5\u20135.5 \u00b5m) [Trechispora gelatinosa is distinguishable from T. olivacea by its coralloid basidiomata and wider basidiospores (3.2\u20134.5 \u00d7 2.5\u20133.5 \u00b5m) [Trechispora verruculosa differs from T. olivacea because it has granulose to hydnoid with small cylindrical aculei, white to yellowish to ochraceous hymenial surface and larger basidiospores (4.5\u20135.5 \u00d7 3.5\u20134.5 \u00b5m) [Trechispora yunnanensis can be delimited from T. olivacea by its larger basidiospores (7\u20138.5 \u00d7 5\u20135.5 \u00b5m) [\u20133.5 \u00b5m) . Trechis\u20135.5 \u00b5m) .Trechispora olivacea resembles T. hypogeton (Maas Geest.) Hjortstam & K.H. Larss., T. nivea, T. rigida, and T. thelephora (L\u00e9v.) Ryvarden in having broadly ellipsoid to globose, ornamented basidiospores. However, Trechispora hypogeton is distinguishable from T. olivacea by its stipitate basidiomata and wider basidiospores (3.8\u20134.3 \u00d7 2.7\u20133.1 \u00b5m) [Trechispora nivea differs from T. olivacea by the presence of a odontioid hymenial surface with white to pale ochraceous and wider basidiospores (3.5\u20134 \u00d7 2.5\u20133 \u00b5m) [Trechispora rigida differs from T. olivacea due to the presence of a colliculose hymenial surface and larger basidiospores (4.5\u20135.5 \u00d7 4 \u00b5m) [Trechispora thelephora differs from T. olivacea because it has a stipitate basidiomata and larger basidiospores (4.0\u20135.0 \u00d7 3.4\u20134.5 \u00b5m) [\u20133.1 \u00b5m) . Trechis \u00d7 4 \u00b5m) . Trechis\u20134.5 \u00b5m) .Trechispora are a typical example group of wood-rotting fungi [Trechispora, all taxa in this genus can be separated from the three new species.Wood-rotting fungi are an extensively studied group of Basidiomycota ,64,65,66ng fungi ,34,35,67Trechispora in ChinaKey to 21 accepted species of 1. Basidiospores smooth-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21\u2032 Basidiospores aculeate, verrucose or ornamented--------------------------------------------------5T. subsphaerospora2. Ampullate hyphae > 5 \u03bcm in width, basidiospores angular----------------2\u2032 Ampullate hyphae < 5 \u03bcm in width, basidiospores ellipsoid------------------------------------3T. cohaerens3. Basidiospores thick-walled-----------------------------------------------------------------3\u2032 Basidiospores thin-walled--------------------------------------------------------------------------------4T. daweishanensis4. Hymenial surface tuberculate-------------------------------------------------------T. xantha4\u2032 Hymenial surface smooth----------------------------------------------------------------------T. dimitica5. Hyphal system dimitic------------------------------------------------------------------------5\u2032 Hyphal system monomitic-------------------------------------------------------------------------------66. Hyphae without ampullate septa----------------------------------------------------------------------76\u2032 Hyphae with ampullate septa-------------------------------------------------------------------------12T. suberosa7. Basidiospores thin-walled, ovoid to subglobose---------------------------------------7\u2032 Basidiospores thick-walled, ellipsoid-----------------------------------------------------------------8T. yunnanensis8. Basidiospores > 7 \u03bcm in length--------------------------------------------------------8\u2032 Basidiospores < 7 \u03bcm in length-------------------------------------------------------------------------9T. murina9. Basidiomata margin greyish----------------------------------------------------------------9\u2032 Basidiomata margin white to cream----------------------------------------------------------------10T. bambusicola10. Hymenial surface odontioid---------------------------------------------------------10\u2032 Hymenial surface hydnoid--------------------------------------------------------------------------11T. fimbriata11. Hymenophore with blunt aculei--------------------------------------------------------T. fissurata11\u2032 Hymenophore with sharp aculei--------------------------------------------------------T. hymenocystis12. Sphaerocysts present, hyphae inflated-------------------------------------------12\u2032 Sphaerocysts absent, hyphae uninflated---------------------------------------------------------1313. Ampullate septa > 6 \u03bcm in width------------------------------------------------------------------1413\u2032 Ampullate septa < 6 \u03bcm in width------------------------------------------------------------------15T. polygonospora14. Basidiospores sparsely verrucose-----------------------------------------------T. mollusca14\u2032 Basidiospores densely aculeate---------------------------------------------------------15. Subhymenium with short-celled hyphae--------------------------------------------------------1615\u2032 Subhymenium with long-celled hyphae---------------------------------------------------------17T. farinacea16. Basidiome thin, ochraceous--------------------------------------------------------------T. rigida16\u2032 Basidiome thick, dirty white to buff-------------------------------------------------------17. Basidiospores thin-walled---------------------------------------------------------------------------1817\u2032 Basidiospores thick-walled--------------------------------------------------------------------------19T. nivea18. Hymenophore with hydnoid-----------------------------------------------------------------T. microspora18\u2032 Hymenophore without hydnoid------------------------------------------------------T. praefocata19. Basidiospores > 5 \u03bcm in length---------------------------------------------------------19\u2032 Basidiospores < 5 \u03bcm in length---------------------------------------------------------------------20T. olivacea20. Hymenial surface farinaceous with olivaceous--------------------------------------T. odontioidea20\u2032 Hymenial surface odontioid with buff--------------------------------------------"}
{"text": "The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between TVOC levels and the risk of BRSs using the Japanese provisional target TVOC level of 400 \u03bcg/m3. The relationship between odor intensity and BRSs while the TVOC levels were under 400 \u03bcg/m3 was also examined. The study was conducted in a laboratory house (LH) on the campus of Chiba University from 2017\u20132019. The study included 149 participants who spent 60 minutes in the LH. The participants were asked to evaluate the IAQ of the LH. A significant relationship between the risk of BRSs and the provisional target TVOC level was observed . Furthermore, a significant relationship between odor intensity and risk of BRSs in spaces with TVOC levels less than 400 \u03bcg/m3 was detected . In conclusion, the risk of BRSs is significantly lower in spaces with low TVOC levels and low odor intensity. Reducing the concentration of airborne chemicals and odor intensity may improve IAQ and prevent BRSs.The indoor environment, particularly indoor air quality (IAQ), is significantly associated with building-related symptoms (BRSs) in humans. In our previous studies, we demonstrated a significant relationship between BRSs and indoor chemical concentrations. In Japan, the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (MHLW) guideline recommends an air quality target of 13 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and a provisional target of 400 \u03bcg/m Eighty-nine participants (71.2%) were in their 20s, while 19 participants (15.2%) were in their 30s . Based on the QEESI questionnaire, a total of 44 participants (35.2%)  were sensitive to chemicals. On the day of the test, 114 participants (91.2%)  stated that they were in a \u201cgood\u201d state of health. Further, 73 participants (58.4%)  had a history of allergy. Fifty-six participants (44.8%)  had BRSs; Thus, the number of participants with BRSs was greater in Case 2 than in Case 1. Except for age, no participant characteristic was significantly different between Case 1 and Case 2.\u03a3VOC level, and SOAV between Cases 1 and 2. The IAQ data  are shown in 3 .In this study, 56 participants (44.8%)  had BRSs, and there was a significant difference in the occurrence of BRSs between Case 1 and Case 2  and the occurrence of BRSs in Case 1, SOAV in Case 1 was divided into two groups based on the median SOAV of 6.9 and added as a covariate to the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results of the analysis are shown in Fourteen participants in Case 1 (29.8%) had BRSs. These participants had BRSs even at \u03a3VOC level \u2264 400 \u03bcg/m3) in reducing the risk of BRSs. We also evaluated the impact of odor intensity on human health at low TVOC levels. The number of participants who reported BRSs during their stay at the LH was 56 (44.8%). The reported prevalence of BRSs (or sick building syndrome) in Asia-Pacific countries is 41.0% in Hong Kong https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 13 Dec 2022Reviewer \uff031Thank you for your thorough consideration of our manuscript and for providing constructive feedback. The quality of our manuscript has certainly improved as a result of your comments.We have highlighted all of our changes in the revised manuscript in red. A point-by-point response to the reviewers\u2019 comments is given below.------------------------------------------------------------------Comment: The authors greatly appreciate your consideration of our manuscript and helpful comments. We divided your advice into a few points and have addressed each of these suggestions in the responses provided below.------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 1: Title should be change, odor in title replace with indoor environment.Our reply:Thank you for your advice. We changed the title to \u201cIs indoor environment a risk factor for building-related symptoms?\u201d.------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 2: COVID-19 portion remove from manuscript as this study conducted 2017-2019. Focus only VOCs and biological agents which you have studied and data.Our reply:Thank you for the comment. We removed the section about COVID-19 from the Introduction and focused only on VOCs and other factors.------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 3: Please explain why authors use only 2 case study, as in both cases sample size also different (in case 2- sample size is double), for comparative conclusion, must have study with 3 or 5 cases.Our reply:Thank you for the comment. In this study, we tried to examine the provisional target value of 400 \u00b5g/m3 set by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. Thus, we divided the scenes into two: the scene with TVOC > 400 \u00b5g/ m3 is referred to as Case 1, and the second scene with TVOC < 400 \u00b5g/ m3 is referred to as Case 2. The number of participants was not the same as they were divided by TVOC concentration values. We revised the aim of this study in the Introduction.------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 4: Line 83-85: give the detail information of study site area, have any natural air purifier (indoor plants) artificial air purifier inside the rooms and other building construction material details (if available), It also effect the indoor environment quality.Our reply:Thank you for the comment. As you said, some devices and things affect indoor air quality. We added details of the study site in the text as follows:\u201cThe structure of the LH is a typical Japanese wooden house constructed from timber. The LH was constructed mostly with F\u2606\u2606\u2606\u2606 (F-four stars) labeling. The F\u2606\u2606\u2606\u2606 rating is a classification of building materials in Japan based on the formaldehyde emission rate, which is defined by Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS), Japanese Agricultural Standards (JAS), and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism. Four-star building materials, including boards, adhesives, insulation, and paints, can be used without limitations on the area of use.The LH was equipped with a mechanical ventilation system designed to ventilate 0.5 times per hour. The LH was also equipped with air conditioners that control the temperature and humidity, but no air purifiers were used. The rooms of the LH were not decorated with any indoor plants.\u201d------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 5: Line 89-93: specify age group, gender in text alsoOur reply:Thank you for the comment. We have specified age groups and gender in the text.------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 6:\u3000Line 132-135: this data only questionnaires base please justify with diagnostic based results.Our reply:Thank you for your comment. Building-related symptoms (BRSs) and Sick building syndrome (SBS) are usually defined as the occurrence of nonspecific symptoms among populations in specific buildings. In epidemiological studies worldwide, BRSs and SBS are often diagnosed using questionnaires, such as the MM040 . In this study, we diagnosed BRSs and SBSs using a questionnaire developed based on the \u201cConsultation Manual for Trace Chemicals in the Indoor Environments\u201d issued by the Japanese MHLW. We described the questionnaires in the \u201cQuestionnaire\u201d section.------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 7: Line 199-201: In which parameters used for concluding results as health is good, explain clearly.Our reply:Thank you for the comment. Regarding the health of the day, we asked participants to judge their physical condition subjectively. We revised the \u201cQuestionnaire\u201d section as follows:\u201cThe participants were asked to subjectively score their health status on the day of the evaluation using a scale of 1\u20134: 1, very good; 2, good; 3, not good; or 4, bad. We defined 1 and 2 as \u201cgood\u201d and 3 and 4 as \u201cbad.\u201d\u201d------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 8: Line 201: history of allergy- which types of reports you have for individuals motioned.In table shown the data for personal factors, one of them physical condition most of them health and not any major health issues reported, until 50 % of them are have medical history of allergy. In pervious mentioned all individuals participate in this study are healthy explain it.Our reply:Thank you for the comment. In this study, the most common \u201cmedical history of allergy\u201d was hay fever. Most symptoms of hay fever appear in early spring (February to May) in Japan. As this study was conducted from May to October, most participants with a history of hay fever had no symptoms at the time of the test. Thus, they may have evaluated themselves as healthy on those days. However, we changed \u201chealthy volunteers\u201d to \u201cparticipants.\u201d------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 9: Discussion section updated with recent and more related paper; this portion need improvement.Our reply:Thank you for the comment. We updated the Discussion with recent and related papers.------------------------------------------------------------------Comment 10: Rewrite abstract and conclusion section.Our reply:Thank you for the comment. We rewrote the abstract and conclusion.Reviewer \uff03\uff12------------------------------------------------------------------Comment: The work described in the manuscript is based on questionnaire, air sampling and odor activity testing. Data are methodically and accurately analyzed. The conclusions are made basically reflecting to the results formulated.Our reply:We sincerely appreciate your review and comments.------------------------------------------------------------------We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to the reviewers who identified areas of the manuscript that needed corrections or modifications. We would also like to thank you for allowing us to resubmit a revised copy of the manuscript. We hope that the revised manuscript is acceptable for publication in PLOS ONE.Sincerely,Kayo Tsumura Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-tyou, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan Tel.: +81-43-290-3878 tsumu-kayo@chiba-u.jpEmail Address: AttachmentResponse to Reviewers.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 14 Dec 2022Is indoor environment a risk factor for building-related symptoms?PONE-D-22-23122R1Dear Dr. Tsumura,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. 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{"text": "INTRODUCTION-OBJECTIVES. Similar to philosophy (regina-scientiarum) is psychiatry fundamental-discipline for all-medical&social sciences. Immanuel KANT: Primus inter pares of ARISTOTELES&PLATON considered over 200years ago physiological and pragmatic anthropology-[1]. Social physiology is given-[3-4]. Consideration of social-psychopathology in German-justice-[2].REFERENCES. [1]-Kant,I: BdXI,371-393, BdXII,399,625-638:Suhrkamp-TB-Wiss. [2]-Neu,E/Michailov, M.Ch/Welscher,U/et-al.: 2a.-FISP-2018-Beijing/Philos ; 2013-Athens Abstr.Book(AB):464-5/503-4/766; 2008-Seoul-ProcVol.4: 101-108/195-214/229-237; 2003-Istanbul:273-281; IVR-2019-Luzern (Law), Progr-Book p.116. 2b.-EPA-2020-Madrid, Eur.Psychiatry 63S, EPP0834/5+EPV0581/1470; EPA-2019-Warsaw, 56S,S689; EPA-2018-Nice, 48/S1, S623&567&662. 2c.-WPA-2021-Bangkok (in-press). 2019-Lisbon, E-Poster WCP19-2137/-1822/-1839. 2018-Mexico-City, Abs.-Book WCP18-0584/-0625/-0643/-0654. 2011-Buenos-Aires, AB:PO1.200. [3]-Glasachev,O: Sechenov Physiol.J 80/no5, 1994,p.139-143 (Russian), ref. in English. [4]-Seeley,T.D: Social-Physiology Honey-Bee, Book-1996.[5]-Daily-journal-\u201ctz\u201d-M\u00fcnchen, esp. every Tuesday 2016-2019: reports on Res.-Houses,e.g. 14.02.2019, 15.02.17, 06.12.16/p.10, 18.10.16/p.10, 17.11.2020/p.6. S\u00fcddt.Zeitung-M\u00fcnchen no172/p.30,2017. M\u00fc.-Merkur:16.11.2020/p.32; 19.11.2020/p.29. FAZ:20.10.2019/p.53; 16.11.2020/p.21. BUROW,P: Justiz am Abgrund&Ein Richter klagt an. GNISA,J, Pr\u00e4s.-Dt.Richterverein: \u201eEnde der Gerechtigkeit\u201c, Herder-2017. SCHLEIF,T/Amtsrichter: Buch \u201eUrteil: ungerecht\u201c, zeit-online 24.10.2019. Hans-Jochen&Liselotte VOGEL:\u201eMehr Gerechtigkeit\u201c, 2019 \u201eWohn-Irrsinn\u201c(Enteignungen). ZANTKE,S (Richter-Amtsgericht-Zwickau): TV-Programm\u201eAuf einen Blick\u201c Nr.47,2018,S.24. [6]-Luetge,Ch et-al.(ed): Experimental-Ethics, Palgrave-Macmillan 2014. [7]-Pegoraro,R/Vatican: \u00abArzt&Christ\u00bb 38:3-55,1992.RESULTS Prominent German experts for justice: Patrick BUROW, Jens GNISA/President Law-Association/Germany, Torsten SCHLEIF/Amtsrichter, Hans-Jochen VOGEL/Ex-Minister, Stephan ZANTKE/Richter reflect in their books fundamental-criticism of German justice [5]. Inst.-Ecol.-Med./IUM investigated psychopathology of juridical-offices&law-court in Munich (Amtsgericht). Analysis suggests presence of symptoms for pseudologia-phantastica, psychopathy, cyclophrenia (esp.mania),etc. conc. observations on many persons (n>30).CONCLUSION. Juridical situation in Germany demonstrates contradiction to human-rights , ignoring moral-philosophy, related to human obligations/I.Kant-[1], experimental ethics/Ch.Luetge et-al.-[6], medical personnel/R.Pegoraro-[7]. Only paradigm change in law-policy incl. enlarged implication of moral philosophy-theology, psychiatry-psychology, social philosophy in juridical eduction & practices could counteract disastrous juridical situation in Germany and on global level, supporting UNO-AGENDA21 for better education-health-ecology-economy (see 2.).No significant relationships."}
{"text": "Microdochium, potential agents of biocontrol, have often been reported as plant pathogens, occasionally as endophytes and fungicolous fungi. Combining multiple molecular markers  with morphological characteristics, this study proposes three new species in the genus Microdochium represented by seven strains from the plant hosts Miscanthus sinensis and Phragmites australis in Hainan Island, China. These three species, Microdochium miscanthi sp. Nov., M. sinense sp. Nov. and M. hainanense sp. Nov., are described with MycoBank number, etymology, typification, morphological features and illustrations, as well as placement on molecular phylogenetic trees. Their affinity with morphologically allied and molecularly closely related species are also analyzed. For facilitating identification, an updated key to the species of Microdochium is provided herein.Species in  Microdochium Syd. & P. Syd. is a fungal genus in the family Amphisphaeriaceae G. Winter of the order Amphisphaeriales D. Hawksw. & O.E. Erikss., which was established by Sydow  and a final elongation at 72 \u00b0C for 10 min. Annealing temperatures were 55 \u00b0C for ITS, 51 \u00b0C for LSU, 56 \u00b0C for RPB2 and 53 \u00b0C for TUB2. PCR products were visualized through 1% agarose-gel electrophoresis. Paired-end sequencing was conducted by Biosune Company Limited . Sequences were proofread for basic authenticity and reliability according to the five simple guidelines established by Nilsson et al. . All seqMicrodochium species were retrieved from GenBank [Twenty-eight new sequences were generated in this study, and available reference sequences of  GenBank ,4,5,6,7. GenBank . Phylogehttps://www.phylo.org/, accessed on 15 April 2022;) [http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree, accessed on 15 April 2022) and the layout of the trees was carried out with Adobe Illustrator CC 2019.Phylogenetic analyses were conducted with Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum-likelihood (ML) algorithms on the CIPRES Science Gateway portal  . The BI l 2022;) ,40,41, al 2022;) . The besl 2022;) . DefaultMicrodochium strains isolated from plant hosts were sequenced. Multilocus data  were composed of 52 strains of Microdochium as ingroup and a strain CBS 204.56 of Idriella lunata as outgroup. A total of 2957 characters were fed to the phylogenetic analysis, viz. 1\u2013573 (ITS), 574\u20131423 (LSU), 1424\u20132117 (TUB2), and 2118\u20132957 (RPB2). Of these characters, 2223, 97 and 637 were constant, variable parsimony-uninformative and parsimony-informative, respectively. For the BI and ML analyses, the evolutionary model of GTR+I+G was selected for ITS, TUB2 and RPB2, while SYM+I+G was selected for LSU  has a sister relationship to another new species, M. sinense (SAUCC211097 and SAUCC211098), with robust support values (BIPP 1.00 and MLBV 100%). These two species are closely related to M. rhopalostylidis (CBS 145125), M. phragmitis (CBS 285.71 and CBS 423.78), M. lycopodinum , M. indocalami (SAUCC1016) and M. fisheri (CBS 242.90) with high support values (BIPP 1.00 and MLBV 100%). The last new species, M. hainanense (SAUCC210781 and SAUCC210782), forms the sister group of the seven species mentioned above with reasonable support (MLBV 92%).The 59 strains are assigned to 29 species clades based on the four-marker phylogeny . The sevMicrodochium miscanthi  differs in size from those of M. lycopodinum (8.0\u201315.5 \u00d7 2.5\u20134.0 \u00b5m), M. phragmites (10.0\u201314.5 \u00d7 2.0\u20133.0 \u00b5m), M. fisheri (7.0\u201312.0 \u00d7 3.0\u20134.0 \u00b5m) and M. rhopalostylidis (16.0\u201320.0 \u00d7 3.0\u20134.0 \u00b5m) [M. miscanthi.Notes\u2014Strains SAUCC211092, SAUCC211093 and SAUCC211094 are identified as the same new species Microdochium sinense ( sinense  S.B. LiuMycoBank\u2014No: 843868sinense\u201d (Lat.) refers to China, where the species was collected.Etymology\u2014The epithet \u201cDiaoluoshan National Forest Park, on diseased leaves of Miscanthus sinensis, 21 May 2021, S.B. Liu, holotype HMAS352154, isotype HSAUP211097, ex-holotype living culture SAUCC211097.Type\u2014China, Hainan Province: Description\u2014Colonies on PDA at 25 \u00b0C for 14 days attain 87.2\u201389.3 mm in diameter; when young, they are irregular in shape, dark green in the center and covered by white hyphae; when old, they are dark green overall, covered completely by white, lush, fluffy and beige hyphae. Mycelia are superficial and immersed, 1.3\u20132.3 \u00b5m wide, transparent, branched and diaphragmatic. Conidiophores are straight or slightly curved, produced from aerial hyphae, septate and often reduced to conidiogenous cells borne directly from hyphae. Conidiogenous cells are monoblastic, terminal, hyaline, smooth and cylindrical, 16.3\u201322.4 \u00d7 4.1\u20135.7 \u00b5m. Conidia are solitary, hyaline, spindle-shaped or cylindrical, 1\u20133-septate, 11.5\u201319.34 \u00d7 2.8\u20135.4 \u00b5m, 2\u20139 guttulate when mature and sometimes borne directly from hyphae. Chlamydospores were not observed. Sexual morphs unknown.Culture characteristics\u2014Colonies on OA at 25 \u00b0C for 14 days, reach 86.4\u201388.9 mm in diameter; when young, they are circular gray in the center and wax yellow at the edge; when old, they have ravines, dense, yellow-brown overall and fluffy at the edge. Vegetative hyphae are transparent, branched and diaphragmatic.Microdochium sinense sp. nov. For details, refer to the notes for M. miscanthi.Notes\u2014Strains SAUCC211097 and SAUCC211098 are identified to the same species Microdochium hainanense  and M. rhopalostylidis, but M. hainanense produces clear-to-orange soluble pigments, while the conidia of other species are directly produced from hyphae. Conidia are single, ellipsoid or spindle-shaped, similar to all the related species mentioned above. Conidia of M. hainanense (5.5\u20138.1 \u00d7 2.2\u20133.0 \u00b5m) differ in size from those of M. lycopodinum (8.0\u201315.5 \u00d7 2.5\u20134.0 \u00b5m), M. phragmites (10.0\u201314.5 \u00d7 2.0\u20133.0 \u00b5m), M. rhopalostylidis (16.0\u201320.0 \u00d7 3.0 \u20134.0 \u00b5m), M. indocalami (13.0\u201315.5 \u00d7 3.5\u20135.5 \u00b5m), M. fisheri (7.0\u201312.0 \u00d7 3.0\u20134.0 \u00b5m), M. miscanthi (7.0\u201316.1 \u00d7 2.5\u20134.7 \u00b5m) and M. sinense (11.5\u201319.34 \u00d7 2.8\u20135.4 \u00b5m) [Notes\u2014Strains SAUCC210781 and SAUCC210782 are identified to the same new species, Microdochium. In order to facilitate identification in the future, a key to the species of Microdochium is provided herein, updating the key compiled 46 years ago [Together with the three new species proposed in this study, we currently accepted a worldwide total of 47 species in the genus ears ago . Charact1. Sexual morph known------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21. Sexual morph unknown-------------------------------------------------------------------------------132. Perithecia maximum diameter > 200 \u03bcm------------------------------------------------------------32. Perithecia maximum diameter < 200 \u03bcm------------------------------------------------------------93. Maximum number of septa of ascospores > 3----------------------------------------------------- 43. Maximum number of septa of ascospores \u2264 3------------------------------------------------------5M. consociatum4. Asci size 90.0\u2013120.0 \u00d7 21.0\u201325.0 \u03bcm-------------------------------------------------M. musae4. Asci size 80.0\u2013100.0 \u00d7 17.0\u201322.0 \u03bcm--------------------------------------------------------5. Asci size = 50.0\u201370.0 \u00d7 7.0\u20139.0 \u03bcm---------------------------------------------------------------------65. Asci size \u2260 50.0\u201370.0 \u00d7 7.0\u20139.0 \u03bcm---------------------------------------------------------------------7M. majus6. Ascospores size 9.5\u201317.0 \u00d7 3.0\u20134.5 \u03bcm-----------------------------------------------------M. nivale6. Ascospores size 10.0\u201317.0 \u00d7 3.5\u20134.5 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------------7. Ascospores 1\u20133 septa-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8M. stevensonii7. Ascospores 1\u20132 septa--------------------------------------------------------------------M. fusariisporum8. Ascospores size 20.0\u201332.0 \u00d7 3.0\u20133.5 \u03bcm------------------------------------------M. passiflorae8. Ascospores size 15.0\u201325.0 \u00d7 4.0\u20135.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------9. Perithecia maximum diameter < 150 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------------------109. Perithecia maximum diameter > 150 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------------------11M. opuntiae10. Ascospores size 20.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 3.5 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------------M. seminicola10. Ascospores size 12.0\u201322.0 \u00d7 3.0\u20135.0 \u03bcm---------------------------------------------M. ratticaudae11. Chlamydospores known--------------------------------------------------------------11. Chlamydospores unknown--------------------------------------------------------------------------12M. albescens12. Conidia falcate, 11.0\u201316.0 \u00d7 3.5\u20134.5 \u03bcm, 0\u20133 septa---------------------------------M. lycopodinum12. Conidia lunate, 8.0\u201315.0 \u00d7 2.5\u20133.5 \u03bcm, 0\u20131 septa------------------------------13. Chlamydospores known-----------------------------------------------------------------------------1413. Chlamydospores unknown--------------------------------------------------------------------------16M. trichocladiopsis14. Conidia oblong---------------------------------------------------------------------14. Conidia lunate------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15M. bolleyi15. Chlamydospores chain or clusters--------------------------------------------------------M. poae15. Chlamydospores rounded or obovoid-----------------------------------------------------16. Conidia aseptate----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1716. Conidia septate-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23M. yunnanense17. Conidiogenous cells two types-----------------------------------------------------17. Conidiogenous cells one type-----------------------------------------------------------------------1818. Conidiogenous cells with denticulate-------------------------------------------------------------1918. Conidiogenous cells not denticulate--------------------------------------------------------------2119. Conidiogenous cells ampulliform------------------------------------------------------------------20M. sclerotiorum19. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical----------------------------------------------------M. griseum20. Conidia pointed at both ends, no appendages--------------------------------------M. queenslandicum20. Conidia with straight appendages at both ends---------------------------M. hainanense sp. nov.21. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic--------------------------------------21. Conidiogenous cells sympodial--------------------------------------------------------------------22M. palmicola22. Conidia filiform, 7.0\u201316.0 \u00d7 1.0 \u03bcm----------------------------------------------------M. queenslandicum22. Conidia lunate, 7.5.0\u201311.0 \u00d7 1.8\u20132.0 \u03bcm--------------------------------------M. colombiense23. Conidiogenous cells two types------------------------------------------------------23. Conidiogenous cells one type-----------------------------------------------------------------------2424. Conidia relatively narrow, acicular, filiform, falcate or lunate-----------------------------2524. Conidia relatively rounded, ellipsoid, fusiform, cylindrical or obovoid-----------------32M. linariae25. Conidia with long appendages at both ends------------------------------------------25. Conidia without appendages at both ends------------------------------------------------------26M. tainanense26. Conidia with conspicuous rhachides-----------------------------------------------26. Conidia without conspicuous rhachides---------------------------------------------------------2727. Conidiogenous cells ampulliform------------------------------------------------------------------2827. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical--------------------------------------------------------------------31M. sorghi28. Maximum number of septa of conidia = 10---------------------------------------------28. Maximum number of septa of conidia < 10------------------------------------------------------29M. neoqueenslandicum29. Conidia lunate-----------------------------------------------------------------29. Conidia falcate------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------30M. caespitosum30. Conidia size 25.0\u201330.0 \u00d7 1.5\u20132.0 \u03bcm, 0\u20131 septa----------------------------------M. paspali30. Conidia size 7.0\u2013 20.5 \u00d72.5\u20134.5 \u03bcm, 0\u20133 septa-----------------------------------------M. dawsoniorum31. Conidia size 25.0\u201375.0 \u00d7 1.0\u20132.0 \u03bcm, 0\u20133 septa--------------------------------M. novae-zelandiae31. Conidia size 5.5\u201310.0 \u00d7 2.0\u20132.5 \u03bcm, 0\u20131 septa-------------------------------32. Conidia with guttulate--------------------------------------------------------------------------------3332. Conidia no guttulate----------------------------------------------------------------------------------35M. chrysanthemoides33. Conidiogenous cells solitary-------------------------------------------------33. Conidiogenous cells sympodial--------------------------------------------------------------------34M. phragmitis34. Conidia size 10.0\u201314.5 \u00d7 2.0\u20133.0 \u03bcm, 0\u20131 septa-----------------------------------M. rhopalostylidis34. Conidia size 13.0\u201323.0 \u00d7 2.5\u20134.0 \u03bcm, 1\u20133 septa------------------------------35. Conidia cylindrical-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3635. Conidia fusiform---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4236. Conidiogenous cells denticulate--------------------------------------------------------------------3736. Conidiogenous cells not denticulate--------------------------------------------------------------40M. cylindricum37. Conidiogenous cells blastic-sympodial-------------------------------------------37. Conidiogenous cells mono- or polyblastic------------------------------------------------------38M. miscanthi sp. nov.38. Conidia spindle-to-rod-shaped-------------------------------------------38. Conidia clavate to obovoid--------------------------------------------------------------------------39M. citrinidiscum39. Conidia size 7.0\u201331.0 \u00d7 2.0\u20133.0 \u03bcm, 0\u20133 septa----------------------------------M. indocalami39. Conidia size 13.0\u201315.5 \u00d7 3.5\u20135.5 \u03bcm, 1\u20133 septa-----------------------------------M. maydis40. Conidiogenous cells ampulliform------------------------------------------------------40. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical--------------------------------------------------------------------41M. sinense sp. nov.41. Conidiogenous cells monoblastic, 16.3\u201322.4 \u00d7 4.1\u20135.7 \u03bcm-------------M. stoveri41. Conidiogenous cells sympodial, 6.5\u201315.0 \u00d7 2.5\u20133.5 \u03bcm-----------------------------42. Conidiogenous cells ampulliform------------------------------------------------------------------4342. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical--------------------------------------------------------------------44M. punctum43. Conidiogenous cells solitary------------------------------------------------------------M. triticicola43. Conidiogenous cells sympodial-------------------------------------------------------M. maculosum44. Conidiogenous cells mono- or polyblastic---------------------------------------44. Conidiogenous cells sympodial--------------------------------------------------------------------45M. panattonianum45. Conidiogenous cells not denticulate------------------------------------------45. Conidiogenous cells denticulate--------------------------------------------------------------------46M. fisheri46. Conidia size 7.0\u201312.0 \u00d7 3.0\u20134.0 \u03bcm, 0\u20131 septa------------------------------------------M. intermedium46. Conidia size 8.0\u201315.0 \u00d7 3.0\u20134.5 \u03bcm, 1\u20132 septa----------------------------------Microdochium was established in 1924, and Monographella Petr. also established in 1924 was previously described as a sexual morph of Microdochium [Microdochium was retained as the correct genus name because it accommodates more species and is used more frequently [Microdochium, Idriella and Selenodriella were introduced into a new family, namely Microdochiaceae [Monographella-like sexual morphs; and (2) asexual morphs of polyblastic, sympodial or annellidic conidiogenous cells with hyaline conidia, but no appendages. As an important basis for classification, conidia of Microdochium vary in shape, i.e., cylindrical, fusiform, elliptical, stick-shaped, vertical or curved, with truncate bases and apices mainly rounded.odochium ,44,45,46odochium , MicrodoMicrodochium in 1924, its delimitation has undergone changes, and currently, 47 species are accepted in the genus. Although the number is small, there are still some problems in the classification. For example, Catalogue of Life accepts the basionym Gloeocercospora sorghi rather than the combination Microdochium sorghi but without any explanation [M. sorghi remains sterile and only produces black sclerotia in culture [M. sorghi formed a separated branch closely related to the clade of M. citrinidiscum and M. paspali with strong support  and M. hainanense on Phragmites australis (Poaceae), confirms this phenomenon well. Hainan Province is located in the tropical region of southern China. Its annual average temperature is 22\u201327 \u00b0C, and its annual precipitation is 1000\u20132600 mm, with a typical tropical rainforest climate. This kind of environment is conducive to the growth of unusual microbial species, resulting in a high species diversity.Microdochium, molecular analysis is needed. In this study, the four genetic markers ITS, LSU, RPB2 and TUB2 were selected according to previous molecular studies of Microdochium. LSU provides enough information for the generic placement of Microdochium. Although any of the genetic markers ITS, TUB2 or RPB2 can be used for phylogenetic analysis at the species level in Microdochium (results not shown), TUB2 has more phylogenetic information, with longer distances between species and higher support values. This is consistent with previous studies on other xylariaceous genera [In order to accurately identify the species of s genera ,49."}
{"text": "Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2022;66(1):32-9Where you read:\u00d6zlem \u00dcstay1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7993-955XTug\u00e7e Apaydin1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9277-8669Onur Elbasan1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-9471Hamza Polat2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0833-9968Gizem G\u00fcnhan3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6592-7171Ceyda Din\u00e7er1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3680-3051Lamia \u015eeker3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3838-1753Esra Arslan Ate\u015f2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-8134Ay\u015feg\u00fcl Yabac\u01314https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5813-3397Ahmet Ilter G\u00fcney2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-1282Dilek Gogas Yavuz1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-6313Should read:\u00d6zlem \u00dcstay1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7993-955XEsra Arslan Ate\u015f2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-8134Tug\u00e7e Apaydin1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9277-8669Onur Elbasan1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-9471Hamza Polat2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0833-9968Gizem G\u00fcnhan3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6592-7171Ceyda Din\u00e7er1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3680-3051Lamia \u015eeker3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3838-1753Ay\u015feg\u00fcl Yabac\u01314https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5813-3397Ahmet Ilter G\u00fcney2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-1282Dilek Gogas Yavuz1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-6313"}
{"text": "Amit Sharma\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-3305-0034 (The ORCID iD is missing for the first author. Mradul Mohan\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-5164-9921 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5164-9921)."}
{"text": "Biology Letters. The vital feedback that reviewers provided authors enabled us to continue publishing high-quality articles that benefit the entire scientific community. The Editors of the Journal would therefore like to express their sincere thanks to all those who contributed their time by refereeing manuscripts submitted throughout 2021.Despite the continued difficulties that have come with the pandemic, our peer reviewers once again stepped up to support Biology Letters. To provide an opportunity for recognition, we also list the names of all reviewers (unless they have opted out). This article is made permanent and citable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure and grants or other forms of research assessment. 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{"text": "The ORCID iDs are missing for the second, fifth, and sixth authors. Please see the authors\u2019 respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8252-9674).Author Christine Hertler\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-8252-9674 (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7241-3291).Author Jan Ole Berndt\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0001-7241-3291 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-813X).Author Ingo J. Timm\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-3369-813X ("}
{"text": "Journal of the Royal Society Interface (volume 18) in 2021. The editorial team very much appreciates the time and dedication given by academics to the peer review process and to recognize their efforts. From previous feedback, we know that most reviewers value recognition of their efforts by the journal and through services, such as Publons, which is integrated with J. R. Soc. Interface.I thank all those referees who helped assess submissions to To provide an opportunity for recognition, we list the names of all reviewers who provided reports last year (unless they have opted out or not responded). This article is made permanent and citable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure and grants or other forms of research assessment. Where you have provided it, we have included your ORCID, so your contribution can be unambiguously assigned to you.Abdellatif AABOU BAdekunle AAdler FAdrakey HKhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3693-9581Adroit B Ahluwalia AAhmad Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6269-4795Akkaynak D Albert JAlessandretti LAllen CNhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-654XAlthouse B https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1364-3617Altshuler D Ambrose Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8601-403XAmthor J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7133-8322Anderson P Andraud Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2427-0833Aono H Apolloni Ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1476-607XArcher S Ariel GArmentano Ihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-352XArruda E Asabere SBAsejczyk-Widlicka Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4067-7692Ashcroft P Ashton-Miller JAsllani MAtlasi YAudo Dhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8764-6976Avgar T Avital EAvril SAzadani ANBablani LBaik Lhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-3648Baines C https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8865-4495Bajardi P Bakka HBalle FBallester 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{"text": "The publication did not contain the following information about the data availability and the ORCID ids of the six authors:https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19195628.Data are available at Figshare Digital Repository: Namrata Pradhan: 0000-0001-9171-8867Xuli Fan: 0000-0002-8194-3064Francesco Martini: 0000-0003-0806-3930Huayang Chen: 0000-0003-4689-812XHong Liu: 0000-0002-7814-5512Jiangyun Gao: 0000-0003-1541-5922The ORCID ids for the following authors are:The original article (Pradhan et al."}
{"text": "Otidea previously reported in China are mainly distributed in the northeast, northwest and southwest regions of China, but the species diversity of Otidea in north China is not very clear. In this study, newly collected Otidea specimens from northern China and some herbarium specimens deposited in three important Chinese fungus herbaria  were studied using morphological and phylogenetic methods. The internal transcribed spacers of the nrDNA (ITS), the nrRNA 28S subunit (nrLSU), the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-\u03b1), and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2), were employed to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships between Otidea species. Results identified 16 species of Otidea, of which seven new species are described, namely O.aspera, O.cupulata, O. filiformis, O.khakicolorata, O. parvula, O.plicara and O.purpureobrunnea. Otidea bicolor and O. pruinosa are synonymized as O. subpurpurea. Two species, O. mirabilis and O. nannfeldtii, are being reported for the first time in China. The occurrence of O. bufonia, O. leporina and O. onotica are confirmed by molecular data in China.Species of genus  Otidea (Pers.) Bonord. , with O. onotica (Pers.) Fuckel as the type species, was established in the mid-19th century [Otidea species are considered to form ectomycorrhizae with both broad leaf and conifer trees [Otidea species are mainly based on the morphological characteristics studied in work before 2006 [Otidea species. Molecular techniques have revolutionized phylogenetics and species delimitation of Otidea [Otidea by Harmaja [Otidea species in Europe (c. 32 accepted species) and North America (c. 14 accepted species) have been comprehensively and systematically studied in recent years [The genus  century . The gen century ,4,5. Otier trees ,4, and aer trees ,7,8,9,10ore 2006 ,15,16,17f Otidea ,23,24,25nt years ,22.Otidea species. However, only a few taxonomic works focus on this genus, and about a quarter of Chinese Otidea species are not supported by molecular evidence [Otidea species are reported in China, including 17 native species and seven known species originally described from Europe and/or North America.China has a huge temperate area in the northern hemisphere and likely has diverse evidence ,27,28,29Otidea were collected. On the bases of these new collections and some of herbarium specimens deposited in three important Chinese fungus herbaria , we recognized seven species and two records new to China based on both morphological examination and molecular analysis. Also, both O. bicolor W.Y. Zhuang & Zhu L. Yang, and O. pruinosa Ekanayaka, Q. Zhao & K.D. Hyde were conspecific with O. subpurpurea W.Y. Zhuang. Our aim in this paper is to describe and illustrate these new species and new records and to synonymize O. bicolor and O. pruinosa as O. subpurpurea. Molecular data for some known species existing in China are additionally provided.During our investigation of fungal resources in northern China since 2017, many apothecia of the genus http://www.colorhexa.com/, accessed on 30 January 2022). Microscopic characteristics were observed in thin sections of dry specimens mounted in 5% KOH and Melzer\u2019s reagent [m and Wm indicate the average ascospore length and width for the measured ascospores, respectively. Q is used to represent length/width ratio of a ascospore in side view and Qm represents average Q of all specimens. The number of populations that the statistics are based on is indicated by n.Fresh specimens were collected and photographed in the field from the Shanxi and Hebi provinces, as well as Beijing, China. The specimens were dried and deposited in the BJTC  and the HSA . Other specimens were studied from the HMAS , HKAS  and HMJAU . Macroscopic characteristics were recorded from fresh specimens. Standardised color values matching the described colour were taken from ColorHexa (tef1-\u03b1), and RPB2-Otidea6F/RPB2-Otidea7R and fRPB2-7cF/fRPB2-11aR [rpb2), respectively. PCRs were performed in 50 \u03bcL reactions containing 4 \u03bcL DNA template, 2 \u03bcL of per primer (10 \u03bcM), 25 \u03bcL 2\u00d7 Master Mix , and 17 \u03bcL ddH2O. PCR reactions were performed as follows: for the ITS gene: initial denaturation at 94 \u00b0C for 3 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94 \u00b0C for 30 s, 56 \u00b0C for 45 s, 72 \u00b0C for 1 min, and a final extension at 72 \u00b0C for 10 min; for the nrLSU gene: initial denaturation at 94 \u00b0C for 4 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94 \u00b0C for 30 s, 55 \u00b0C for 45 s, 72 \u00b0C for 1 min, and a final extension at 72 \u00b0C for 10 min; for the tef1-\u03b1 gene: initial denaturation at 94 \u00b0C for 3 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94 \u00b0C for 30 s, 60 \u00b0C for 45s, 72 \u00b0C for 1min, and a final extension at 72 \u00b0C for 10 min; for the rpb2 gene: initial denaturation at 94 \u00b0C for 3 min, followed by 10 cycles (including denaturation) at 94 \u00b0C for 30 s, annealing temperature started at 62 \u00b0C  for 45 s and extension at 72 \u00b0C for 1 min, then followed by 30 cycles at 94 \u00b0C for 35 s, 55 \u00b0C for 45 s, 72 \u00b0C for 1 min, and a final extension at 72 \u00b0C for 10 min. The PCR products were sent to Beijing Zhongkexilin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.  for purification, sequencing, and editing. The newly generated sequences were assembled and edited using SeqMan  with generic-level identities for sequences confirmed via BLAST queries of GenBank.Herbarium specimens were crushed by shaking for 30 s at 30 Hz 2\u20134 times  in a 1.5 mL tube together with one 3 mm diameter tungsten carbide ball, and total genomic DNA was extracted using the modified CTAB method . The folOtidea were used in the molecular phylogenetic analyses. The detail information about them is provided in Otidea. Two datasets were assembled for this study. Dataset I (ITS/nrLSU) and datasets II (ITS/nrLSU/tef1-\u03b1/rpb2) contained the backbone species and all phyloclades of Otidea, which were used to infer the phylogenetic status of Chinese Otidea species of the genus Otidea. The taxa Monascella botryosa Guarro & Arx and Warcupia terrestris Paden & J.V. Cameron were selected as outgroups. The ITS, nrLSU, tef1-\u03b1 and rpb2 sequences were respectively aligned using the MAFFT v.7.110 online program under the default parameters [tef1-\u03b1 and rpb2 were excluded because of the alignment difficulty. To examine the conflict among topologies with maximum likelihood (ML), separate single-gene analyses were conducted. Alignments were concatenated using SequenceMatrix v1.7.8 [A total of 730 sequences from 283 collections of rameters , and manrameters . Ambiguorameters  before tx v1.7.8  and are rpb2, whereas the best model for tef1-\u03b1 was the SYM + I+G model. Two independent executions of four chains were conducted: 3,485,000 for ITS/nrLSU and 765,000 for the ITS/nrLSU/tef1-\u03b1/rpb2 datasets. Markov chain Monte Carlo generations were conducted using the default settings and sampled every 100 generations. The temperature value was lowered to 0.20, burn-in was set to 0.25, and the program was automatically stopped as soon as the average standard deviation of split frequencies reached below 0.01. A 50% majority-rule consensus tree was constructed. Clades with a bootstrap support (BS) \u2265 70% and a Bayesian posterior probability (PP) \u2265 0.95 were considered as significantly supported [Maximum likelihood (ML) analyses of the two datasets were carried out using RAxML 8.0.14  with allupported ,43. All upported .Monascella botryosa and Warcupia terrestris). The dataset had an aligned length of 1363 characters (551 bp from ITS and 812 bp from nrLSU), of which 647 were constant, 716 were variable, and 609 of these variable sites were informative. ML and BI analyses yielded similar tree topologies. Only the tree inferred from the ML analyses is shown . A total of 10 clades were recognized in the two-gene phylogram, which is consistent with Olariaga et al. [Otidea specimens were nested in six clades: O. bufonia-onotica, O. formicarum, O. leporina, O. cantharella, O. alutacea, and O. platyspora clade  contained 528 sequences from 51 species, including 93 novel sequences the two genes from Chinese collections, and four from the outgroups  Boud., O. subpurpurea, O. mirabilis Bolognini & Jamoni, O. onotica and O. brevispora (W.Y. Zhuang) Olariaga & K. Hansen. The three new species are respectively described as O. filiformis, O.cupulata and O.purpureobrunnea in this study. It is interesting that the sequences from the type specimens of O. bicolor and O. pruinosa fall into the clade of O. subpurpurea and shared 98.87\u201399.84% similarity in the ITS region, which implied they may be conspecific, although they have some difference in apothecial color. Fortunately, we borrowed the type specimens of these three species for observation and research. We thought that they should be conspecific and formally synonymized O. bicolor and O. pruinosa in this study.In the O. formicarum clade, seven Chinese specimens were clearly placed in two well supported clades. One of clades corresponds to O. nannfeldtii Harmaja, marking the first time it is discovered in China. The other one is a new species described as O.khakicolorata in this study. In the O. leporina clade and O. cantharella clade, the Chinese specimens were identified as the previously known species, O. leporina (Batsch) Fuckel and O. propinquata (P. Karst.) Harmaja, respectively. In the O. alutacea clade, seven Chinese collections were clearly placed into three well supported clades, represented by the known species O. alutacea (Pers.) Massee and two new species described as O. parvula and O.aspera in this paper. In the O. platyspora clade, the two Chinese collections formed a distinct clade with high evidential support, which was described as O.plicara in this study.In the O. bicolor and O. pruinosa are conspecific with O. subpurpurea, we performed a further phylogenetic analysis based on the four-gene dataset II. This dataset II does not include sequences from seven confirmed known species, namely O. bufonia, O. mirabilis, O. onotica, O. nannfeldtii, O. leporina, O. propinquata and O. alutacea. Dataset II (ITS/nrLSU/tef1-\u03b1/rpb2) contained 501 sequences from 49 species, including 73 novel sequences these four genes from Chinese collections, and 8 from the outgroups (M. botryosa and W. terrestris). The dataset had an aligned length of 4400 characters , of which 2456 were constant, 1854 were variable, and 1753 of these variable sites were informative. ML and BI analyses yielded similar tree topologies. Only the tree inferred from the ML analysis is shown . A total of 10 clades were recognized in the four-gene phylogram, which is consistent with Hansen and Olariaga [O. bicolor, O. pruinosa and O. subpurpurea clustered into a clade with high support values , indicating that they are indeed the same species, and O. bicolor and O. pruinosa are placed in synonymy as O. subpurpurea in the taxonomy section below. Compared with the two-gene tree phylogram , which may be due to the fact that these species have a lower support value between them.The species of Olariaga . Similarhylogram , the 10 Otidea from China were described and illustrated here.Based on our phylogenies and morphological data, a total of seven new species, a known species, and two new records of Otideaaspera L. Fan & Y.Y. Xu, sp. nov. .Holotype: China. Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Pangquangou National Nature Reserve, HaoJiagou, alt. 1800m, in the mixed forest dominated by textura angularis, 100\u2013150 \u00b5m thick, cells thin walled, hyaline to pale brown, 11\u201328 \u00d7 8\u201320 \u00b5m. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata, 300\u2013500 \u00b5m thick, hyphae 3\u201310 \u00b5m wide, sometimes slightly swollen, thin to thick walled, septate, hyaline to light brown. Subhymenium c. 50\u2013120 \u00b5m thick, visible as a brown zone of densely arranged cylindrical to swollen cells. Paraphyses septate, straight to slightly curved, of uniform width or slightly enlarged at the apices to 3\u20134.7 \u00b5m wide, without or rarely with 1\u20132 low notches. Asci 150\u2013200 \u00d7 9\u201313 \u00b5m, 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, hyaline, long pedicellate, arising from croziers, non-amyloid, ascospores released from an eccentric split at the apical apex. Ascospores ellipsoid to slightly subfusoid, inequilateral, with two large guttules, sometimes only with one big guttule, smooth, hyaline, (12\u2013) 12.8\u201315 (\u201315.5) \u00d7 (5.8\u2013) 6.5\u20137.5 (\u20138) \u00b5m . Receptacle surface with warts, 50\u201380 \u00b5m high, formed by short, fasciculate, hyphoid hairs, of 5\u20137 subglobose to elongated cells, constricted at septa, 6\u201313 \u00b5m wide. Resinous exudates absent to scarce. Basal mycelium of 2\u20135 \u00b5m wide, septate, hyaline to pale brown hyphae, smooth, unchanged in KOH, smooth, turning yellow in MLZ.Saprobic on soil. Apothecia solitary or caespitose in nature, 30\u201345 mm high, 25\u201360 mm wide, initially ear-shaped, then expanding and sometimes becoming irregularly ear-shaped or shallowly to deeply cup-shaped, sometimes elongated on one side or obconical, split, stipitate. Hymenium surface greyish yellow (#fbe8c5) to light brown (#baab98) when fresh, ochre brown (#a87832) when dry, subsmooth. Receptacle surface pale yellow (#fafad2) to yellowish brown (#b5a27f) when fresh, slightly hygrophanous, pale whitish ochre (#c8b99f) when dry, finely warty. Stipe 5\u201312 \u00d7 4\u20138 mm. Basal tomentum and mycelium white. Apothecial section 600\u2013900 \u00b5m thick. Ectal excipulum of Other materials examined: China. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Daqinggou National Nature Reserve, on the broad-leaved woodland, 24 August 2005, Tolgor Bau (HMJAU 4166).Otidea aspera is diagnosed by the combination of the stipitate, broadly ear shaped to cup-shaped, greyish yellow to light brown hymenium, pale-yellow to yellowish-brown receptacle surface, ellipsoid to slightly subfusoid ascospores and straight to slightly curved paraphyses. Otidea aspera and O. parvispora have comparable apothecia color, however O. parvispora differs from O. aspera by the smaller ascospores ((11.0\u2013) 11.5\u201313.0 \u00d7 5.0\u20136.5 \u00b5m) and shorter asci. DNA analysis showed that O. aspera shared less than 93.39% ITS sequence similarity with other Otidea species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the sequences of O. aspera were grouped into an independent clade with a strong support value .Holotype: China. Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Pangquangou Township, Badaogou valley, alt. 2200m, on soil in mixed forest of textura angularis, 80\u2013110 \u00b5m thick, cells thin walled, brownish, 10\u201325 \u00d7 8\u201322 \u00b5m. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata, 500\u2013700 \u00b5m thick, hyphae 3.5\u201310 \u00b5m wide, sometimes slightly swollen, thin to slightly thick walled, septate, hyaline to light brown. Subhymenium c. 60\u2013100 \u00b5m thick, visible as a brown zone, of densely arranged cylindrical to swollen cells, with scattered brown resinous exudate at septa. Paraphyses septate, curved to hooked of uniform width or slightly enlarged at the apices to 2.6\u20134.2 \u00b5m wide, without or rarely with 1\u20132 low notches, sometimes forked near the apex. Asci 150\u2013200 \u00d7 8\u201311 \u00b5m, 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, hyaline, long pedicellate, arising from croziers, non-amyloid, ascospores release from an eccentric split at the apical apex. Ascospores ellipsoid to slightly subfusoid, inequilateral, with two large guttules, sometimes with only one big guttule, smooth, hyaline, (12\u2013) 12.5\u201315 (\u201315.5) \u00d7 (6\u2013) 6.5\u20137.4 (\u20137.9) \u00b5m . Receptacle surface with low warts, 25\u201345 \u00b5m high, formed by short, fasciculate, hyphoid hairs, of 3\u20134 subglobose to elongated cells, constricted at septa, 6\u201311 \u00b5m wide, sometimes with a gelatinous sheath. Resinous exudates abundant on the outer surface, dark brown, partly dissolving and converting into small particles in MLZ, entirely dissolving and turning bright yellow in KOH. Basal mycelium of 3\u20136.5 \u00b5m wide, septate, hyaline to pale brown hyphae, bright yellow in KOH, with abundant, very small, irregularly, brown, resinous exudates on the surface, dissolving and turning bright yellow in KOH, unchanged in MLZ.Saprobic on soil. Apothecia gregarious or caespitose in nature, 25\u201340 mm high, 15\u201350 mm wide, initially ear-shaped, soon expanding, becoming broadly ear-shaped or deeply cup-shaped, split, often broader above, margin sometimes lobate, stipitate. Hymenium surface dark orange brown (#734a12) to dark purple brown (#4d282d) when fresh, and usually with bluish-lilaceous shades, gray ochraceous brown (#37290e) when dry, subsmooth. Receptacle surface yellowish brown (#a1805f) to brown (#8a6660) when fresh, slightly hygrophanous, surface with shallow wrinkles, dark brown (#261600) when dry, furfuraceous. Stipe 5\u201310 \u00d7 5\u20137 mm. Basal tomentum and mycelium whitish to grayish yellow (#c6cbac). Apothecial section 900\u20131200 \u00b5m thick. Ectal excipulum of Larix sp., 6 September 2018, L.J. Guo, LH 406 (HSA 406).Other materials examined: China. Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Pangquangou Township, Badaogou Valley, alt. 1800m, on soil under Otidea cupulata is recognized by the stipitate, broadly cup-shaped, dark-orange-brown to dark-purple-brown hymenium, yellowish-brown to brown receptacle surface, ellipsoid to subfusoid ascospores, forked or notched paraphyses, and furfuraceous receptacle surface. The forked paraphyses is rarely found in other species in the O. bufonia-onotica clade. Several species in the O. bufonia-onotica clade are similar to O. cupulata in apothecial shape and color, including O. bufonia, O. filiformis, O. mirabilis, and O. olivaceobrunnea Harmaja, but O. bufonia can be distinguished by its distinctly narrowly fusoid ascospores, the presence of hyphae with striate resinous exudates in the medullary excipulum, and resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum that does not turn bright yellow in KOH. Otidea filiformis differs in its apothecia with pinkish shades, distinctly narrowly fusoid ascospores, unenlarged and curved to hooked paraphyses, and higher warts (40\u201375 \u00b5m) on the receptacle surface. Otidea mirabilis differs by having purple to lilaceous-bluish shades on the receptacle surface and narrowly fusoid ascospores (Qm = 2.1\u20132.3). Otidea olivaceobrunnea can be separated by its olive-brown hymenium and wider ascospores (14\u201317 \u00d7 8\u20138.5 \u00b5m). Four species  have more or less bluish or lilaceous shades on apothecia that resembles that of O. cupulata. However, O. purpureogrisea is distinguished by its ear-shaped apothecia, dark-purple-brown to purple-gray receptacle surface, and the resinous exudate in the ectal excipulum turning amber and brown in KOH. Otidea purpureobrunnea is distinguished by its grayish-purple-brown to dark-purple-brown receptacle surface and mostly smooth basal mycelium. Otidea simithii differs in having typically narrower, ear-shaped apothecia, and resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum that does not turn bright yellow in KOH. Otidea subpurpurea in having smaller ascospores (9\u201312 \u00d7 4.5\u20136 \u00b5m) and lilac to purplish receptacle surface.Notes: O. cupulata, which are noted to belong to an unnamed taxon related to O. bufonia and O. subpurpurea by Parslow et al. [O.cupulata. Final confirmation requires morphological observation of these two specimens.In the two-gene phylogenetic tree , two spew et al. . RegrettOtidea filiformis C.L. Hou, Y.Y. Xu & H. Zhou, sp. nov. .Holotype: China. Beijing City, Huairou District, Sunshanzi Village, alt. 770m, on soil in mixed forest of textura angularis, 75\u2013110 \u00b5m thick, cells thin walled, brown, 10\u201335 \u00d7 7\u201326 \u00b5m. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata, 400\u2013500 \u00b5m thick, hyphae 4\u201310 \u00b5m wide, sometimes slightly swollen, thin to thick walled, septate, hyaline to light brown, without resinous exudates. Subhymenium ca. 75\u2013100 \u00b5m thick, visible as a brown zone of densely arranged cylindrical to swollen cells, with scattered brown resinous exudate at septa. Paraphyses septate, curved to hooked of uniform width at the apices to 2\u20133 \u00b5m wide, without or with a low notch. Asci 140\u2013175 \u00d7 10\u201314 \u00b5m, 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, hyaline, long pedicellate, arising from croziers, non-amyloid, ascospores released from an eccentric split at the apical apex. Ascospores narrowly fusoid, narrowed at both ends, inequilateral, with two large guttules, sometimes only with one big guttule, smooth, hyaline, (12.5\u2013) 13\u201314.5 (\u201315) \u00d7 (6\u2013) 6.5\u20137 (\u20137.3) \u00b5m . Receptacle surface with broad conical warts, 40\u201375 \u00b5m high, formed by short, fasciculate, hyphoid hairs, of 6\u20137 subglobose to elongated cells, constricted at septa, 6\u201310 \u00b5m wide. Resinous exudates abundant on the outer surface, dark yellow brown, partly dissolving and converting into small particles in MLZ, partially dissolving and turning yellowish brown in KOH. Basal mycelium of interwoven, 3\u20136 \u00b5m wide, septate, hyaline to pale brown hyphae, turning yellow in KOH, with abundant small, regularly arranged, spheroid, pale brown, resinous exudates, partly dissolving in KOH, unchanged in MLZ.Saprobic on soil. Apothecia gregarious or caespitose in nature, 15\u201355 mm high, 15\u201355 mm wide, initially ear-shaped, soon expanding, becoming shallowly or deeply cup-shaped, split, margin sometimes lobate, sessile or shortly stipitate, regular or sometimes undulate in the margin. Hymenium surface yellowish brown (#b19461) to ochre yellow (#cd9575) with pinkish shades, sometimes with brown spots or stains when fresh, margin dark brown when bruised, gray brown (#321f15) when dry, subsmooth. Receptacle surface yellowish brown (#b19461) to orange brown (#967059) when fresh, slightly hygrophanous, dark brown (#321f15) when dry, furfuraceous to finely warty. Stipe not well developed. Basal tomentum and mycelium whitish to pale brown (#dccdbf). Apothecial section 800\u20131000 \u00b5m thick. Ectal excipulum of Betula platyphylla Suk., 22 August 2019, J.Q. Li L482 (BJTC L482); China. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Balinyou Banner, Saihanwula Nature Reserve, on soil in mixed forest of Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen. and Betula platyphylla Suk., 2 September 2008, T.Z. Liu, H.M. Zhou & C. Sun 3858 (HMAS 188468).Other materials examined: China. Hebei Province, Chicheng County, Dahaituo nature reserve, alt. 1640m, on soil under Otidea filiformis diagnosed by the combination of yellowish-brown to ochre-yellow apothecia, sometimes with brown spots or stains, narrowly fusoid ascospores, uniform width, narrow paraphyses (\u22643 \u00b5m) and basal mycelium with abundant spheroid, pale brown, resinous exudates. Otidea bufonia and O. mirabilis are similar to O. filiformis in apothecia color and ascospore shape. Otidea bufonia differs from O. filiformis in having the longer ascospores (12\u2013) 13\u201316.5 (\u201318) \u00d7 6\u20137.5 (\u20138) \u00b5m, and brown striate exudates on some hyphae of the medullary excipulum. O. mirabilis differs in dark-brown apothecia, purple to lilaceous-bluish shades on the receptacle surface and biflabellate crystal-like exudates in the medullary excipulum. The apothecia of Otidea korfii Pfister, F. Xu & Z.W. Ge, O. olivaceobrunnea and O. saliceticola Cartabia, M. Carbone & P. Alvarado also have brown tones. Otidea korfii is distinguished from O. filiformis by its ear-shaped apothecia, olivaceous brown receptacle surface, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid bigger ascospores (14.5\u201317 \u00d7 6.5\u20139 \u03bcm), resinous exudate of the ectal excipulum dissolving in MLZ and smooth basal mycelium. Otidea olivaceobrunnea differs from O. filiformis in olive-brown hymenium, ellipsoid ascospores. Otidea saliceticola differs in pale alutaceous-greyish hymenium surface, dark brown receptacle surface, wider ascospores (14\u201315 \u00d7 7.5\u20138 \u03bcm) with low Q value of 1.75\u20131.87.Notes: O. filiformis were grouped into an independent clade with a strong support value (O. filiformis shared less than 95.88% ITS sequence similarity with other Otidea species. These supported the erection of the new species. One Finnish collection (MCVE 29372) identified as O. bufonia by Carbone et al. [O. filiformis clade with strong support values in our phylogenetic trees .Holotype: China. Shanxi Province, Ningwu County, Guancen Mountain, Dashidong Forest Farm, alt. 2200m, among moss under coniferous forest dominated by textura angularis, 70\u2013120 \u00b5m thick, cells thin walled, brown, 10\u201325 \u00d7 6\u201320 \u00b5m. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata, 250\u2013500 \u00b5m thick, hyphae 3.5\u20138 \u00b5m wide, sometimes slightly swollen, thin to slightly thick walled, septate, hyaline to light brown. Subhymenium ca. 60\u201390 \u00b5m thick, visible as a yellowish-brown zone, of densely arranged cylindrical to swollen cells. Paraphyses septate, curved to hooked, of uniform width at the apices, 2.5\u20133.7 \u00b5m wide, without notch. Asci 150\u2013180 \u00d7 8.5\u201311 \u00b5m, 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, hyaline, long pedicellate, arising from croziers, non-amyloid, ascospores released from an eccentric split at the apical apex. Ascospores ellipsoid, sometimes slightly inequilateral, with two large guttules, smooth, hyaline, (8.5\u2013) 9\u201310 (\u201310.5) \u00d7 (4.5\u2013) 5\u20136 (\u20136.5) \u00b5m . Receptacle surface with broadly conical warts, 30\u201340 \u00b5m high, formed by hyphoid hairs, of 2\u20135 subglobose to elongated cells, constricted at septa, 6\u201310 \u00b5m wide, sometimes with a gelatinous sheath. Resinous exudates abundant on the outer surface, yellow brown to dark brown, partly dissolving into amber drops in MLZ, turning reddish brown to dark reddish brown in KOH. Basal mycelium of 3\u20135.5 \u00b5m wide, septate, hyaline to pale-brown hyphae, unchanged in KOH, smooth or with little resinous exudates on the surface, partly dissolving in MLZ, and partly dissolving and more slowly in KOH.Saprobic on soil. Apothecia solitary or gregarious in nature, 15\u201325 mm high, 5\u20138 mm wide, narrowly long ear-shaped, margin rounded, split, sessile or sub-stipitate. Hymenium surface khaki (#ca9a67) to pale ochre (#c08649) when fresh, yellowish ochre(#e3c57f) when dry, subsmooth. Receptacle surface concolorous with hymenium when fresh, slightly hygrophanous, dark reddish brown (#8c5738) when dry, furfuraceous. Warts absent or very low. Stipe, if present, very short. Basal tomentum and mycelium whitish to grayish whitish (#e7e2d9). Apothecial section 500\u2013800 \u00b5m thick. Ectal excipulum of Otidea khakicolorata is characterized by khaki to pale-ochre, long, narrowly ear-shaped apothecia, small ascospores and resinous exudates on the ectal excipulum turning reddish brown in KOH. Otidea nannfeldtii and O.khakicolorata share similar apothecia shape and the reaction of the resinous exudate in the ectal excipulum and basal mycelium in MLZ and KOH, but O. nannfeldtii can be distinguished by an ochre to orangish-ochre hymenium surface with pink tones, higher warts (45\u201385 \u00b5m) on the apothecial outer surface, medullary excipulum of textura intricata differentiated into two parts, and relatively bigger ascospores ((9\u2013) 9.5\u201310.5 (\u201311.5) \u00d7 5.5\u20136.5 (\u20137) \u00b5m). Otideakhakicolorata is phylogenetically close to O. nannfeldtii; however, they are separated by a low support value .Holotype: China. Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Guandi Mountain, Pangquangou National Nature Reserve, alt. 2000m, on soil in the mixed forest dominated by textura angularis, 70\u2013120 \u00b5m thick, cells thin walled, pale brown, 9\u201324 \u00d7 7\u201320 \u00b5m. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata, 80\u2013160 \u00b5m thick, hyphae 3\u20137 \u00b5m wide, sometimes slightly swollen, thin to thick walled, septate, hyaline to light brown. Subhymenium c. 50\u201380 \u00b5m thick, visible as a brown zone, of densely arranged cylindrical to swollen cells, with scattered brown resinous exudate at septa. Paraphyses septate, bent to curved, sometimes straight, of uniform width or slightly enlarged at the apices, 2.5\u20134.5 \u00b5m wide, sometimes with 1\u20132 notches near the apex. Asci 150\u2013200 \u00d7 10.5\u201313.5 \u00b5m, 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, hyaline, long pedicellate, arising from croziers, non-amyloid, ascospores released from an eccentric split at the apical apex. Ascospores ellipsoid, slightly inequilateral, with two large guttules, sometimes with only one big guttule, smooth, hyaline, (12.5\u2013) 13\u201315.5 (\u201316) \u00d7 (6.5\u2013) 6.8\u20138 (\u20138.6) \u00b5m . Receptacle surface with low warts, 30\u201350 \u00b5m high, formed by short, fasciculate, hyphoid hairs, of 5\u20136 subglobose to elongated cells, constricted at septa, 5\u201310 \u00b5m wide. Resinous exudates absent. Basal mycelium of 2.5\u20135 \u00b5m wide, septate, hyaline to pale brown hyphae, smooth, unchanged in KOH, turning yellow in MLZ.Saprobic on soil. Apothecia gregarious to caespitose in nature, 8\u201315 mm high, 5\u201313 mm wide, initially narrowly to broadly ear-shaped, margin rounded, then expanding and sometimes becoming irregularly ear-shaped or cup-shaped, split, stipitate, or sessile. Hymenium surface pale whitish ochre (#ffffed) to ochre yellow (#b39a7f) when fresh, pale ochre brown (#c2a461) when dry, subsmooth. Receptacle surface pale ochre (#d7c498) to orangish ochre (#dba35e) when fresh, hygrophanous, light yellowish brown (#d7c498) when dry, furfuraceous. Stipe 3\u20137 \u00d7 3\u20135 mm. Basal tomentum and mycelium white. Apothecial section 500\u2013700 \u00b5m thick. Ectal excipulum of Picea wilsonii, 7 September 2017, J.Z. Cao, Cao170803 (BJTC FM210-B).Other materials examined: China. Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Guandi Mountain, Pangquangou National Nature Reserve, alt. 2000m, on soil in the mixed forest dominated by Otidea parvula is easily recognized by the stipitate, irregularly ear-shaped or cup-shaped, small, pale-whitish-ochre, ochre-yellow to orangish-ochre apothecia, straight to bent paraphyses and furfuraceous receptacle surface. Otidea parvula and O. adorniae Agnello, M. Carbone & P. Alvarado are somewhat similar in the color of the apothecia, but O. adorniae differs in its larger apothecia and smaller ascospores (11.8 \u00d7 6.4 \u00b5m). Otidea parvula and O. parvispora (Parslow & Spooner) M. Carbone, Agnello, Kautmanov\u00e1, Z.W. Ge & P. Alvarado have the highest ITS sequence similarity of 96%, but upon examination of the phylogenetic tree  11.5\u201313.0 \u00d7 5.0\u20136.5 \u00b5m).Notes: tic tree , they doOtidea plicara L. Fan & Y.Y. Xu, sp. nov. .Holotype: China. Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Guandi Mountain, Badaogou valley, alt. 2000m, on soil in the mixed forest dominated by textura angularis, 60\u2013100 \u00b5m thick, cells thin walled, brown, 11\u201334 \u00d7 9\u201328 \u00b5m. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata, 300\u2013500 \u00b5m thick, hyphae 3\u20137.5 \u00b5m wide, sometimes slightly swollen, thin walled, septate, hyaline to light brown. Subhymenium ca. 80\u2013130 \u00b5m thick, visible as a yellowish-brown zone. Paraphyses septate, curved to hooked, usually enlarged at the apices, 3.5\u20135.5 \u00b5m wide at apex, 2\u20133 \u00b5m below. Asci 160\u2013220 \u00d7 10\u201314 \u00b5m, 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, hyaline, long pedicellate, arising from croziers, non-amyloid, ascospores released from an eccentric split at the apical apex. Ascospores ellipsoid, sometimes slightly inequilateral, with one to two large guttules, smooth, hyaline, (12.5\u2013) 13.5\u201316 (\u201317) \u00d7 (6\u2013) 6.5\u20138 (\u20138.5) \u00b5m . Receptacle surface with hyphoid hairs, 50\u201380 \u00b5m long, of 3\u20136 ovoid or subglobose to elongated cells, constricted at septa, 4\u20139 \u00b5m wide. Resinous exudates absent. Basal mycelium of interwoven, 2.5\u20136 \u00b5m wide, septate, hyaline to pale brown hyphae, unchanged in KOH, smooth, turning yellow in MLZ.Saprobic on soil. Apothecia solitary or gregarious in nature, 15\u201328 mm high, 12\u201342 mm wide, initially spoon-shaped or broadly ear-shaped, soon expending, in the end almost deeply cup-shaped, often broader above, margin entire, with a small fold on the apothecia, seemingly spilt yet not split, stipitate. Hymenium surface pale greyish brown (#6f6a61) to dark brown (#665856), margin yellow ochre (#837050) when fresh, when dry becoming slightly lighter but dull, light brown (#ab9876), subsmooth. Receptacle surface dark reddish brown (#7c6052) when fresh, slightly hygrophanous, pale ochre brown (#a48e6a) when dry, finely furfuraceous, wrinkle veined at the base. Stipe 8\u201315 \u00d7 5\u20138 mm. Basal tomentum and mycelium abundant, white to pale cream (#f1f9ed). Apothecial section 650\u20131000 \u00b5m thick. Ectal excipulum of Picea wilsonii Mast., 7 September 2017, J.Z. Cao, Cao170855 (BJTC FM262-B).Other materials examined: China. Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Guandi Mountain, Badaogou Scenic Area, alt. 2000m, on soil in the mixed forest dominated by Otidea plicara is characterized by greyish-brown to dark-brown, stipitate, rarely split, deeply cup-shaped apothecia, small ascospores, enlarged paraphyses and the lack of resinous exudates on the ectal excipulum and basal mycelium. Macroscopically, Otidea apophysata (Cooke & W. Phillips) Sacc. and O. platyspora Nannf. have similar apothecial shape and color to O. plicara, but O. apophysata can be distinguished by the larger ascospores (20\u201324.5 \u00d7 9\u201311 \u00b5m) and frequently branched paraphyses. Otidea platyspora can be distinguished by split apothecia and larger ascospores (18\u201322 \u00d7 (9.5\u2013)10.5\u201312 \u00b5m). DNA analyses showed that O. plicara shared less than 92% similarity in ITS sequence with other species of Otidea. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the sequences of O. plicara were grouped into an independent clade with a strong support value .Holotype: China. Shanxi Province, Qinshui County, Tuwo Township, Shangwoquan Village, alt. 1200m, on soil under textura angularis, 80\u2013120 \u00b5m thick, cells thin walled, brownish, 13\u201333 \u00d7 7\u201326 \u00b5m. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata, 500\u2013900 \u00b5m thick, formed of loosely woven cylindrical to slightly swollen thin-walled hyphae, 4.5\u201311 \u00b5m wide, septate, hyaline to light brown, with brown resinous exudates at septa. Subhymenium c. 100\u2013150 \u00b5m thick, visible as a brown zone, of densely arranged cylindrical to swollen cells, with scattered brown resinous exudate at septa. Paraphyses septate, curved to hooked, a few curved, sometimes forming a coil or helix, of the same width or often enlarged at the apices, 3.5\u20135 \u00b5m wide, 2\u20133.3 \u00b5m below, sometimes with 1\u20132 notches, or with an obvious bulge near the apex. Asci 140\u2013190 \u00d7 8.5\u201315 \u00b5m, 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, hyaline, long pedicellate, arising from croziers, non-amyloid, ascospores released from an eccentric split at the apical apex. Ascospores ellipsoid to slightly subfusoid, inequilateral, with two large guttules, sometimes with only one big guttule, smooth, hyaline, (12.5\u2013) 13\u201315 (\u201315.5) \u00d7 (6\u2013) 6.5\u20137 (\u20137.5) \u00b5m . Receptacle surface with broad conical warts, 35\u201360 \u00b5m high, formed by short, fasciculate, hyphoid hairs, of 2\u20135 subglobose to elongated cells, constricted at septa, 6\u201313 \u00b5m wide. Resinous exudates abundant on the outer surface, yellow brown to dark brown, partly dissolving into particles in MLZ, entirely dissolving and turning yellow in KOH. Basal mycelium of 3.5\u20136 \u00b5m wide, septate, hyaline to pale brown hyphae, turning yellow in KOH, mostly smooth, a few with very small, spheroid, pale-brown, resinous exudates, dissolving in KOH, partially dissolving in MLZ.Saprobic on soil. Apothecia gregarious to caespitose in nature, 25\u201355 mm high, 50\u201380 mm wide, initially ear shaped, soon expanding, becoming broadly ear shaped or deeply cup shaped, often elongated on one side, split, margin sometimes lobate, stipitate or sessile. Hymenium surface ochraceous brown (#804618), grayish purple (#5e4f5f) to purple brown (#39242f) when fresh, gray brown to dark brown (#3e2c1c) when dry, subsmooth. Receptacle surface grayish purple brown (#816e71) to dark purple brown (#483131) when fresh, sometimes partly dark yellow brown, slightly hygrophanous, some apothecia with shallowly wrinkled, dark brown (#492615) when dry, furfuraceous to finely warty. Stipe 5\u201310 \u00d7 4\u20138 mm. Basal tomentum and mycelium whitish to pale brown (#dccdbf). Apothecial section 900\u20131300 \u00b5m thick. Ectal excipulum of Quercus sp., 25 August 2020, H. Liu 1079 (BJTC FM1061).Other materials examined: China. Shanxi Province, Qinshui County, Tuwo Township, Shangwoquan Village, alt. 1200m, on soil under Otidea purpureobrunnea is characterized by the stipitate, broadly ear-shaped to cup-shaped, grayish-purple to purple-brown apothecia, ellipsoid to slightly subfusoid ascospores, paraphyses enlarged at the apices, with 1\u20132 notches or an obvious bulge and smooth basal mycelium. Similar to O. purpureobrunnea, the apothecia of O. bufonia, O. cupulata,O. mirabilis, O. purpurea, O. purpureogrisea, O. smithii, and O. subpurpurea all have some purple tones, but Otidea bufonia differs in its fusoid ascospores, the presence of hyphae with striate resinous exudates in the medullary excipulum, resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum not turning bright yellow in KOH, and in having abundant resinous exudates on the basal mycelium. Otidea mirabilis differs by having fusoid ascospores, resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum that do not turn bright yellow in KOH and when present, biflabellate, crystal-like exudates in the medullary excipulum. Otidea purpurea and O. subpurpurea are easily distinguished by the obviously smaller spores . Otidea purpureogrisea is distinguished by the purple-gray tone of the receptacle surface near the base and resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum turning amber in MLZ and turning brown in KOH. Otidea smithii is distinguished by typically narrower, ear-shaped apothecia, relatively shorter ascospores (12\u201314 \u00d7 6\u20137.5 \u00b5m) with a lower Qm value (1.9\u20132), and resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum not turning bright yellow in KOH. For a comparison with O. cupulata see under that species below.Notes: O. purpureobrunnea and O. filiformis are grouped together with a low support value , as well as its basal mycelium with abundant spheroid, pale brown, resinous exudates. DNA analysis showed that O.purpureobrunnea shared less than 94.53% similarity in its ITS sequence with O. filiformis. These indicate that they are two different species.Phylogenetic analyses revealed that rt value , but O. Otidea subpurpurea W.Y. Zhuang, Mycologia Montenegrina 10: 238 (2007).Holotype: China, Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Kunming Institute of Botany, alt. 1980m, 8 October 2005, Z.L. Yang 4602, (HKAS 49443); Isotype (HMAS 97530).Otidea bicolor W.Y. Zhuang & Zhu L. Yang, Mycotaxon 112: 35 (2010).= Holotype: China, Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Heilongtan Park, 16 August 2008, Z.L. Yang 5156, (HKAS 54453); Isotype (HMAS 188415).Otidea pruinosa Ekanayaka, Q. Zhao & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 87: 130 (2017).= Holotype: China, Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Xishan Scenic Area, 15 September 2012, T. Guo 617, (HKAS 81819).Materials examined: China, Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Kunming Institute of Botany, alt. 1980m, 9 October 2005, Z.L. Yang 4602, (HKAS 49443); Isotype (HMAS 97530). China, Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Heilongtan Park, 16 August 2008, Z.L. Yang 5156, (HKAS 54453); Isotype (HMAS 188415). ibid., (HKAS 54449). China, Yunnan Province, Kunming City, Xishan Scenic Area, 15 September 2012, T. Guo 617, (HKAS 81819).Otidea bicolor, O. pruinosa and O. subpurpurea are highly similar species. In fact, previous scholars have also noticed the phenomenon that the type sequences of the three species are clustered together [O. pruinosa, O. bicolor, and O. subpurpurea share high sequence similarity . We performed morphological observation on these type specimens and found that there was no obvious difference in microscopic features. The reaction of the resinous exudate in the ectal excipulum and basal mycelium in MLZ and KOH are also the same. Although the receptacle surface of O. bicolor and O. subpurpurea is purplish in tint when fresh, the receptacle surface of O. pruinosa is without a purplish tint [Otidea pruinosa is proposed as a new species because of receptacle surface with pruinose, but we found a similar granulate on the surface of dry specimens of O. bicolor and O. subpurpurea. In addition, phylogenetic analyses based on the two-gene and four-gene datasets also confirmed that they represent the same species, so here we formally treat O. bicolor and O. pruinosa as synonyms of O. subpurpurea. The sequence from ZMU124 (label as O. bufonia) from Guizhou province of China grouped with O. subpurpurea with a high support value . ( (2001). .Larix principis-rupprechtii and Betula sp.Habitat: on soil under mixed forest of Distribution: Known from the northeast, northern, northwest and southwest regions of China.Materials examined: China, Yunnan Province, Jingdong County, Ailao Mountain, Xujiaba Village, alt. 2500m, 24 August 1994, M. Zang, 12389 (HKAS 28129). China, Gansu Province, Wudu County, Liangshui Town, Gongba River Beach, alt. 2600m, 11 July 1996, M.S. Yuan, 2213 (HKAS 30708). China, Sichuan Province, Hongyuan County, Kangle Town, alt. 3400m, 19 August 1998, M.S. Yuan, 3433 (HKAS 33633). China, Jilin Province, Fusong County, Songjiang River, 19 August 2000, M.S. Yuan, 4725 (HKAS 37272). China, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Jimusa\u2019er, alt. 1700m, 1 August 2003, W.Y. Zhuang & Y. Nong, 4657 (HMAS 83568). China, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Chifeng City, Baiyin Aobao National Nature Reserve, 2 August 2013, Tolgor Bau (HMJAU 26926). China, Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Guandi Mountain, Shanshui Village, alt. 1800m, 8 September 2017, J.Z. Cao, CAO170863 (BJTC FM292). China, Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Pangquangou Nature Reserve, alt. 2100m, 28 August 2018, H. Liu, LH234 (HSA 234).O. mirabilis is confirmed in China based on morphological and DNA evidence in this study. Olariaga et al. [O. mirabilis occur in China using nrLSU sequences from two Chinese collections in GenBank . ( (1976). .Larix principis-rupprechtii.Habitat: on soil under mixed forest of Distribution: Known in northern China and northwest China.L. principis-rupprechtii Mayr, 25 August 2017, X.Y. Yan, YXY170836 (BJTC FM168); ibid., X.Y. Yan, YXY170837 (BJTC FM169); ibid., X.Y. Yan, YXY170838 (BJTC FM170). China, Shanxi Province, Jiaocheng County, Guandi Mountain, Pangquangou Nature Reserve, alt. 2000m, 6 September 2017, J.Z. Cao, CAO170829 (BJTC FM236); ibid., J.Z. Cao, CAO170836 (BJTC FM243). China, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Jimusa\u2019er, alt. 1700m, 1 August 2003, W.Y. Zhuang & Y. Nong, 4655 (HMAS 83573).Materials examined: China, Shanxi Province, Ningwu County, Guancen Mountain, Qiuqiangou Village, alt. 2100m, on soil under O. nannfeldtii in China is first confirmed based on molecular and morphological evidence. Otidea nannfeldtii is originally described in Europe, and also reported from North America [Notes: The occurrence of  America . Before Otidea species. Nine species are added to this genus by this study. A total of 31 species is thus recorded in this huge country currently. Of these species, 27 species are supported by morphological and molecular data, but four species (O. cochleata (L.) Fuckel, O. purpurea (M. Zang) Korf & W.Y. Zhuang, O. smithii, O. tianshuiensis J.Z. Cao, L. Fan & B. Liu) still lack DNA evidence. Compared to the records from the continents of Europe (c. 32 accepted species) and North America (c. 14 accepted species), more studies of this large and widely distributed temperate fungal group in China are needed. From the present point of view, the Otidea species is widely distributed in the southwest and northern regions of China. Four species, O. alutacea, O. bufonia, O. mirablilis, and O. onotica, are widely distributed and are often encountered in the wild. So far, almost no Otidea species have been reported from south-central China and east China, which also have abundant forest resources, so it is necessary to investigate fungal resources in these regions in the future.Otidea in the studyKey to species of 1. Apothecia entire-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21. Apothecia split-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3O. propinquata2. Apothecia broadly cup-shaped, ochre brown to reddish brown, with abundant resinous exudates on basal mycelium and ectal excipulum, ascospore lenth > 18 \u00b5m--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O. plicara2. Apothecia deeply cup-shaped, with a small fold, pale greyish brown to dark brown, ectal excipulum and basal mycelium without resinous exudates, ascospore lenth \u226417 \u03bcm-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. Apothecia long, narrowly ear-shaped-------------------------------------------------------------43. Apothecia cup-shaped or broadly ear-shaped---------------------------------------------------6O. khakicolorata4. Apothecia khaki to pale ochre, receptacle surface with warts of 30\u201340 \u00b5m high, ascospores (8.5\u2013) 9\u201310 (\u201310.5) \u00d7 (4.5\u2013) 5\u20136 (\u20136.5) \u00b5m ------------------------------------4. Apothecia cinnamon brown or yellowish ochre to brown, receptacle surface with warts of 45\u201385 \u00b5m high---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5O. nannfeldtii5. Ascospore length < 12 \u00b5m, resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum turning reddish brown in KOH------------------------------------------------------------------------------O. leporina5. Ascospore length > 12 \u00b5m, resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum turning yellowish reddish grey heterogeneous drops in KOH----------------------------------------------6. Apothecia pale yellow, yellowish brown, ochraceous yellow, ochre orange------------76. Apothecia brown, dark brown, dark reddish brown or purple brown-------------------10O. parvula7. Apothecia small-sized (<1.5cm), ascospores (12.5\u2013) 13\u201315.5 (\u201316) \u00d7 (6.5\u2013) 6.8\u20138 (\u20138.6) \u00b5m---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7. Apothecia big-sized (>2cm)---------------------------------------------------------------------------8O. asperior8. Resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum and basal mycelium absent----------8. Resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum and basal mycelium present------------------9O. brevispora9. Hymenium light yellow to ochraceous yellow, often with pink tones, ascospore length < 11 \u00b5m-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O. onotica9. Hymenium yellow to dull yellow, ascospore length > 11 \u00b5m----------------------O. alutacea10. Resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum and basal mycelium absent-------10. Resinous exudates of the ectal excipulum and basal mycelium present----------------11O. filiformis11. Apothecia yellowish brown, without purple tones-------------------------------11. Apothecia yellowish brown to dark brown, or purple brown, with purple to lilaceous-bluish tones--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1212. Ascospores narrowly fusoid-----------------------------------------------------------------------1312. Ascospores ellipsoid to slightly subfusoid-----------------------------------------------------14O. bufonia13. Receptacle surface mostly without purple tones, medullary excipulum with striate exudates covering some hyphae------------------------------------------------------------------O. mirabilis13. Receptacle surface strikingly purple-violaceous (fresh); medullary excipulum without, or rarely with flabellate crystal-like exudates, forming cross-like aggregates---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O.subpurpurea14. Ascospore length <12 \u00b5m-----------------------------------------------------------14. Ascospore length >12 \u00b5m---------------------------------------------------------------------------15O. purpureobrunnea15. Receptacle surface with purple tones, grayish purple brown to dark purple brown, basal mycelium smooth, or with a few pale brown resinous exudates---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------O. cupulata15 Receptacle surface without purple tones, yellowish brown to brown, basal mycelium with abundant resinous exudates ----------------------------------------------------------Temperate China is surely rich in"}
{"text": "Tonialhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-7570-72411Helen C. Ferreirahttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0268-96171Fabiana B. Nerbasshttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-01851Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Pr\u00f3-Rim, Joinville, SC, Brasil.2Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville - Univille, Escola de Medicina,Joinville, SC, Brasil.Should read: 1,2Viviane Calice-Silvahttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-9696-05292Bruna C. Tonialhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-7570-72412Pedro Eug\u00eanio Deboni Daudthttps://orcid.org/0000-00029676-82542Izabel Ribeirohttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3522-72321Helen C. Ferreirahttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0268-96171Fabiana B. Nerbasshttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-01851Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Pr\u00f3-Rim, Joinville, SC, Brasil.2Universidade da Regi\u00e3o de Joinville - Univille, Escola de Medicina,Joinville, SC, Brasil."}
{"text": "Erratum zu:Pathologe 202110.1007/s00292-021-00986-xIn Abb."}
{"text": "Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-019-10096-1, published online 03 May 2019.Correction to: In the Acknowledgements section of this article the grant numbers relating to the Ministry of Education, Singapore given for Yih-Cherng Liou were incorrectly given as R-154-000-637-511 and A15-114 and should have been MOE2017-T2-1-131 and R-154-000-A15-114. The original article has been corrected."}
{"text": "Open Biology would like to thank all reviewers who contributed their time by refereeing manuscripts submitted throughout 2020. From previous feedback, we know that most reviewers value recognition of their efforts by the journal and through services, such as Publons, which is integrated with Open Biology.The Editors of To provide an opportunity for recognition, we list the names of all reviewers who opted in. This article is made permanent and citeable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure and grants or other forms of research assessment. 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{"text": "Proceedings of the Royal Society A would like to thank all reviewers who contributed their time by refereeing manuscripts submitted throughout 2021. From previous feedback, we know that most reviewers value recognition of their efforts by the journal and through services such as Publons, which is integrated with Proceedings A.The Editors of To provide an opportunity for recognition, we list the names of all reviewers who have opted to be included. This article is made permanent and citable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure and grants or other forms of research assessment. Where you have provided it, we have included your ORCID so your contribution can be unambiguously assigned to you.Proceedings of the Royal Society A.On behalf of all the Editors and editorial office, I thank all of our reviewers past, present and future, and we look forward to your continued support of Aaronson SAbel MAchcar JAAdams HAdmal Nhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8102-356XAfik Y https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7556-8942Agarwal P https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-9304Agliari A Agliari EAguilar Madera Chttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3297-7815Altschul B https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-5552Alves L https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9340-4474Amabili M Anastopoulos Chttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6364-7384Andersson L Andrews Rhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3007-0531Anjos P https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2687-6081Antipov Y Antipov YAArampatzis GArsioli BAsllani Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9848-3482Assier R Atchudan RAvendano CAzimi Phttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6318-2265Babaee H 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{"text": "In a recent study, attenuation imaging (ATI) with ultrasound was used as a new approach for detecting liver steatosis. However, although there are many studies on ATI and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) that prove their practicability, there are few studies comparing these two methods. As such, this study compared CAP and ATI for the detection and evaluation of liver steatosis.A prospective analysis of 28 chronic liver disease patients who underwent liver biopsy, FibroScan\u00ae imaging, and ATI with ultrasound was conducted. The presence and degree of steatosis, as measured with the FibroScan\u00ae device and ATI, were compared with the pathological results obtained using liver biopsy.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of ATI and CAP for differentiating between normal and hepatic steatosis were 0.97  and 0.96 (95% CI 0.81\u20130.99), respectively. ATI has a higher AUROC than CAP does in liver steatosis, at 0.99  versus 0.91  in grade \u2265 2 and 0.97  versus 0.88  in grade = 3, respectively.The ATI and CAP results showed good consistency and accuracy for the steatosis grading when compared with the liver biopsy results. Moreover, ATI is even better than CAP in patients with moderate or severe steatosis. Therefore, ATI represents a non-invasive and novel diagnostic tool with which to support the diagnosis of liver steatosis in clinical practice. The diagnosis of liver steatosis is important to facilitate the treatment of chronic liver disease in clinical medicine . Liver sAccording to the Clinical Practice Guidelines from the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), the gold standard for the diagnosis and evaluation of fatty liver is liver biopsy , as the Some studies have shown that using an ultrasound scanner such as FibroScan\u00ae  together with the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) can quantitatively and accurately assess the severity of liver steatosis in concordance with liver biopsy . CAP estIn recent years, Canon Medical Systems has introduced an attenuation imaging (ATI) mode to the market as a novel ultrasound technique for diagnosing steatosis with the advantages of being easy to use and involving built-in ultrasonic machines . ATI is Another non-invasive tool is magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), which can accurately quantify liver steatosis and provide a value of imaging diagnosis . HoweverGiven the current tools available for detecting liver steatosis, only few accurate, non-invasive, and easy-to-use detection methods other than CAP and ATI exist; therefore, this study aimed to compare the accuracy of CAP and ATI in assessing liver steatosis to support the identification of convenient and reliable methods for its clinical screening and treatment.2; (3) signed the informed consent form. Meanwhile, the exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) malignancy, including hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma; (2) chronic systematic disease, such as coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, and chronic respiratory disease; (3) alcohol consumption. The method of participant recruitment was the notification of liver biopsy from the hospital during this period. Once the patient provided signed consent, they were included in the study. Ultimately, 28 patients underwent liver biopsy, ATI, CAP assessment, and analysis. The demographic details of the participants show that they are all Asian and living in central Taiwan, mainly in the Changhua county. Moreover, all relevant data are within the paper. As stated, all participants signed an informed consent form for this study, which was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board of Changhua Christian Hospital .From January 1, 2019, to July 31, 2019, we prospectively included 48 patients with chronic hepatitis scheduled for liver biopsy at Changhua Christian Hospital who met the following study inclusion criteria: (1) age of 18 to 80 years; (2) body mass index of less than 35 but greater than 17 kg/mUnder ultrasound guidance, a 16-gauge needle was used to obtain liver biopsy specimens. To be considered sufficient to score, the liver biopsy specimen had to measure at least 10 mm and have six portal tracts. The entire biopsy process was performed through percutaneous puncture over the right-side intercostal area of segments V-VI, and specimens were fixed with formalin, transferred to the pathology department of Changhua Christian Hospital within one hour , and sta\u00ae facility, in dB/m. A 3.5-MHz standard probe  was used to measure the right liver lobe of the intercostal space while the patient lay on their back. The data reported by FibroScan\u00ae had to meet the following conditions: (1) at least 10 effective shots, (2) a success rate of at least 60%, and (3) the interquartile range (IQR) was less than 30% of the median CAP.The CAP was measured by an experienced technician who did not know the patients\u2019 clinical data, at the FibroScan2 value of 0.9 or greater at every single data point was recorded, and (4) the interquartile range was less than 30% of the median ATI.ATI was determined using data obtained from the TOSHIBA\u00ae i800 ultrasonic instrument  operated by a technician who did not know the results of the other reports. ATI allows for quantifying and color-coding changes in liver attenuation coefficients, which may be triggered by changes in the liver composition . The signal difference from point A to point B divided by the distance indicates the value of ATI, offering comprehensive quantitative data on liver steatosis . It alsoFirst, we evaluated the normal distribution of the quantitative variables, in which the data are reported as mean and standard deviation values or median and interquartile range. The Kruskal\u2013Wallis test, followed by the Dunn\u2013Bonferroni post-test, was used to analyze the difference in the degree of ultrasound fatty liver between the four groups . A two-tailed p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of each non-invasive model. We calculated the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) and the 95% confidential interval (CI) of the AUROC. Then, using the De Long method, we compared the same data to judge the AUC value of different diagnostic criteria. We used Pearson\u2019s correlation coefficient for ATI and CAP to confirm whether they are significantly related.https://www.medcalc.org; 2020) for statistical analysis.To evaluate the feasibility of the two measurements, we recalculated their diagnostic values . These values were determined by original research. We used MedCalc statistical software version 19.4.0  and cholangiocarcinoma (n = 2); furthermore, 11 were excluded for chronic systematic disease, such as coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, and chronic respiratory disease, and 5 were excluded for current alcohol consumption. Finally, 28 patients met the eligibility criteria for the following analysis .2, mean waist circumference of 89.4 cm, and diabetes mellitus . The lipid profiles were as follows: mean triglyceride level: 149.0 mg/dL; cholesterol level: 188.2 mg/dL; high-density lipoprotein level: 50.4 mg/dL; low-density lipoprotein level: 125.2 mg/dL. Patient distribution according to steatosis grade was as follows: 6 (21.4%) patients with S0, 5 (17.8%) patients with S1, 9 (32.1%) patients with S2, and 8 (28.5%) patients with S3. The etiology distribution included 7 (25.0%) patients with hepatitis B virus infection, 9 (32.1%) patients with hepatitis C virus infection, 7 (25.0%) patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and 5 (17.8%) patients with autoimmune hepatitis; see The characteristics of the study participants are presented in r = 0.8111; p < 0.05)  values for ATI and CAP according to liver steatosis grade were 67.5 (54.0\u201369.0) and 198.5 (193.0\u2013206.0) for S0, 72 (72.0\u201378.5) and 261 (227.5\u2013268.7) for S1, 82.0 (81.5\u201385.7) and 275 (255.7\u2013283.5) for S2, and 98 (89.5\u2013102) and 324.0 (290.0\u2013338.0) for S3, respectively, with trends correlated to liver steatosis grading ; see  < 0.05) .We then analyzed the cut-off values of ATI and CAP to correctly predict steatosis. For this reason, we performed a comparative AUROC plot analysis, including all study participants (n = 28) with different steatosis grades. The AUROC of ATI according to liver steatosis grade was higher than that of CAP at 0.97 (0.83\u20131.00) to 0.96 (0.81\u20130.99) in S \u2265 1; 0.99 (0.86\u20131.00) to 0.91 (0.74\u20130.98) in S \u2265 2; and 0.97 (0.82\u20131.00) to 0.88 (0.70\u20130.97) in S3; see In this study, the ATI and CAP values of mild and severe steatosis grades were found to increase significantly with increasing histologically diagnosed steatosis grade . The AUROC values of ATI for diagnosing hepatic steatosis of grades S1 or higher, S2 or higher, and S3 were greater than those of CAP, suggesting that ATI is a more reliable method than CAP assessment for diagnosing liver steatosis.Recent studies have suggested that CAP assessment via transient elastography (TE) can quantify the diagnosis of liver steatosis . The CAPAnother report showed that using the CAP mode of TE to detect liver steatosis in patients with hepatitis C presented AUROC values of 0.80 (95% CI 0.75\u20130.84) for S1 or higher, 0.86 (0.81\u20130.92) for S2 or higher, and 0.88 (0.73\u20131) for S3. CAP also exhibited a good ability to differentiate steatosis grades in hepatitis C patients (Obuchowski measure = 0.92) .Compared with our study\u2019s results, CAP yielded higher AUROC values in liver steatosis grades S1 or higher, S2 or higher, and S3. This result showed that CAP assessment could distinguish different grades of liver steatosis with a significant difference.Recent studies have shown that, when comparing the measurement results for the proton density fat fraction based on magnetic resonance imaging with CAP assessment results based on TE, the former is more effective than CAP is in evaluating liver steatosis. A study showed that MRI-PDFF AUROCs for classifying steatosis grades 0 vs. 1\u20133, 0\u20131 vs. 2\u20133, and 0\u20132 vs. 3 were 0.98, 0.91, and 0.90, respectively . Notably2 or more, CAP has no correlation with actual liver fat percentage) Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to QuestionsComments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes**********2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously? Reviewer #1:\u00a0I Don't KnowReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes**********3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified.The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0No**********4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes**********5. Review Comments to the AuthorPlease use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0The authors describe a comparative study of controlled attenuation parameter using FibroScan and attenuation imaging with ultrasound in liver steatosis. The topic of the work is interesting and serves a good base to detect liver steatosis by noninvasive manner. For these reason, the manuscript is suitable for publication after revision of some sections, reported here:Minor revision:I missed the two different investigated techniques from the keywords.The references in the main text from 10 to 19 are missing.At row 82 there is a mistyping by the numbers of inclusion criteria.At row 84 there is an extra \u2018s\u2019.The number of excluded patients should move from the material and method section to the result part.The Liver biopsy section in the material and methods is superficial. There is not enough information about the applied technique. Any other case, a reference article should be inserted which describes the details of biopsy and staining.There is a mistyping at row 114 dB/cm/MHz.At row 125 the authors write about three groups but there are 4 different ones in parenthesis.The Fig 2 seems a little bit over-explained.At row 155 ATI definition is missing.Major revision:The introduction part contains detailed description (18 lines long) about the steatosis and the gold standard liver biopsy. But there are only 2-2 sentences about the compared techniques. This part should be extended with much more information related to these techniques.At the last paragraph of introduction the authors mention there are other detection methods than CAP and ATI for the diagnosis of steatosis but the relevant references are missing.The image quality of Fig 4 and Fig 5 should be increased.The Fig 4 legend is just a simple sentence of the result. It should contain a title and at least one descriptive sentence.The cohesion power is missing from the discussion section. The consecutive paragraphs are independent from each other. The fourth paragraph would be more appropriate at the introduction part.In the fifth paragraph of discussion, without any introduction or background information there is a comparison with proton-density fat fraction based MRI.The conclusion is too short and not so demonstrative.Other questions:How could you define the success rate and effective shot by the US scans?What does effective data point mean?Reviewer #2:\u00a0This is a concise paper with the advantage of easily reading the results and judging the significance. A merit of the paper is the accompanying rather detailed patient data as well as the rigorous statistics.There are a number of important concerns, though, which are to be addressed. I do not list all of them one by one, some are issue types, and it is expected that the authors improve all instances of these types.Data availability should be stated in the methods section.Page 2 and Page 13 \"No study to date has confirmed the clinical utility of...\". This is clearly wrong. There are a number of studies recently published 2020 and 2021. Please include them. With these, the purpose of this study should be specified in more detail. Also your study should be compared to all these.Page 4 \"is invasive and prone to triggering complications such as pain...\" etc. Reference citing required, and also to all similar statements, that refer to clinical \"facts\".Page 7 \"to make the statistic significant\". Determining the unit and display multiplier has nothing to do with significance, please correct the sentence.Page 14a \"same from a previous study\". Need to cite the previous study.Page 14b \"there are several limitations\". The reader will need numerical estimation of liver steatosis diagnosis errors coming from obese patients. Cite a study with clinical data, CAP e.g., and/or repeat with a couple of non-obese patients with negative steatosis at least, so that a baseline can be shown: either as non-confounding, or establishing correction factors with subdermal fat amount.**********what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article  digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 10 Apr 2021Dear Editor,We appreciate your editorial comments, as well as those of the reviewers, concerning our manuscript. Based on these comments, we have made several revisions to our manuscript, which is resubmitted for your consideration. If there is anything needing to be further improved, please do not hesitate to inform us at your earliest convenience. Your assistance is highly appreciated. We look forward to your message.The followings are point-by-point responses to the comments.All authors thank the reviewer\u2019s suggestions. Your assistance is highly appreciated.Journal Requirements:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=wjVg/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_main_body.pdf and1. Please ensure that your manuscript meets PLOS ONE's style requirements, including those for file naming. The PLOS ONE style templates can be found at https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=ba62/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_title_authors_affiliations.pdfResponse: All authors thank the reviewer\u2019s suggestions. We have tried our best to confirm that the format complies with the regulations. Thank you for your advice if there are errors.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Thank you for stating in the text of your manuscript \"all participants signed an informed consent form for this study\". Please also add this information to your ethics statement in the online submission form.Response: All authors thank the reviewer\u2019s suggestions. We will add this information to my ethics statement in the online submission form.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. In your Methods section, please provide additional information about the participant recruitment method and the demographic details of your participants.Please ensure you have provided sufficient details to replicate the analyses such as:a) a statement as to whether your sample can be considered representative of a larger population, andb) a description of how participants were recruited.Response: All authors thank the reviewer\u2019s suggestions. Thank you for your comments. We have added the participant recruitment method to the article and adding a description of how participants were recruited . We added on \u201cThe method of participant recruitment is the notification of liver biopsy from the hospital during this period. After the patient's consent signed, this will be included in the study.\u201d in Row 123- 125, page 7, for participant recruitment method, and added on \u201cDemographic details of the participants show that they are all Asians, and living in central Taiwan mainly in the Changhua county.\u201d in Row 127- 128, page 7for demographic details of participants. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. We noticed you have some minor occurrence of overlapping text with the following previous publications, which needs to be addressed:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0182784- https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/endothelin-receptor-aa-regula tes-proliferation-anddifferentiatio-2- In your revision ensure you cite all your sources (including your own works), and quote or rephrase any duplicated text outside the methods section.Further consideration is dependent on these concerns being addressed.Response: All authors thank the reviewer\u2019s suggestions. Thank you for your comments. We have revised and strengthened related paragraphs, such as the following:1. We changed the title of \u201cCompared the Ccontrolled attenuation parameter using FibroScan with and attenuation imaging with ultrasound as an novel measurement for evaluating liver steatosis\u201d in Row 2-3, page 1.2. changed the duplicated text \u201creliable\u201d to \u201cnovel\u201d in Row 2, page 1.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.01827843. changed the duplicated text and added on \u201cAccording to the Clinical Practice Guidelines from European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), the golden standard for diagnosis and evaluation fatty liver is liver biopsy [7]. Currently, the gold-standard technique for diagnosing and evaluating liver steatosis is liver biopsy; In addition to distinguishing the presence or absence of fatty liver through liver biopsy, non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can only be distinguished through liver biopsy. Hhowever, this procedureapproach is invasive and prone to triggering complications, such as pain, bleeding, and infection, and its results may be delayed due to the need to generate pathological reports.\u201d, and we also cited the journal of \u201c in Row 77- 82, page 54. changed the duplicated text and added on \u201cSome studies have shown that using an ultrasound scanner such as FibroScan\u00ae  together with the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) to measure the amount of ultrasound attenuation can quantitatively and accurately assess the severity of the liver steatosis fatty liver in concordance with liver biopsy [8]. However, FibroScan\u00ae is not an imaging device and cannot perform B-mode ultrasound assessments at the same time\u201d in Row 89-95, page 6.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. Thank you for stating the following financial disclosure:\"NO - Include this sentence at the end of your statement: The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.\" At this time, please address the following queries:a. Please clarify the sources of funding  for your study. List the grants or organizations that supported your study, including funding received from your institution.b. State what role the funders took in the study. If the funders had no role in your study, please state: \u201cThe funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.\u201dc. If any authors received a salary from any of your funders, please state which authors and which funders.d. If you did not receive any funding for this study, please state: \u201cThe authors received no specific funding for this work.\u201dPlease include your amended statements within your cover letter; we will change the online submission form on your behalf.Response: We will add on the text \u201dThe funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript\u201d within the cover letter. Thanks for your suggestions.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. Please amend your list of authors on the manuscript to ensure that each author is linked to an affiliation.Authors\u2019 affiliations should reflect the institution where the work was done .7. Please include captions for your Supporting Information files at the end of your manuscript, and update any intext citations to match accordingly. Please see our Supporting Information guidelines for more information:http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/supporting-information.Response: We will add on the text and make it more perfect. Thanks for your suggestions.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reviewer: 1 The authors describe a comparative study of controlled attenuation parameter using FibroScan and attenuation imaging with ultrasound in liver steatosis. The topic of the work is interesting and serves a good base to detect liver steatosis by noninvasive manner. For these reason, the manuscript is suitable for publication after revision of some sections, reported here:Minor revision:I missed the two different investigated techniques from the keywords.Response:All authors thank the reviewer\u2019s suggestions. Thank you for your comments.We added on the keywords as follow \u201ccontrolled attenuation parameter; attenuation imaging\u201d in Row 62-63, page 4.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The references in the main text from 10 to 19 are missing.Response:We are very sorry, this is our typesetting negligence, and we will make up the relevant reference.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------At row 82 there is a mistyping by the numbers of inclusion criteria.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the following revisions: (2) signed the informed consent form to (3) signed the informed consent form in Row 125, page 7---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------At row 84 there is an extra \u2018s\u2019.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction in Row 122, page 7--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The number of excluded patients should move from the material and method section to the result part.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction. We moved the excluded patient number to the result in Row 188- 192, page 10 in Result section. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The Liver biopsy section in the material and methods is superficial. There is not enough information about the applied technique. Any other case, a reference article should be inserted which describes the details of biopsy and staining.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major negligence. We have added some discussion and cited related articles of liver biopsy in Row 133- 138, page 8---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------There is a mistyping at row 114 dB/cm/MHz.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction in Row 161, page 9---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------At row 125 the authors write about three groups but there are 4 different ones in parenthesis.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction from three groups to four groupsin Row 171, page 9---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The Fig 2 seems a little bit over-explained.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction from \u201cFig 2. Study flowchart\u201d without figure Legends, just entitled with the \u201cFig 2. Study flowchart\u201d. in Row 193, page 10---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------At row 155 ATI definition is missing.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction with adding \u201cattenuation imaging\u201d for ATI, in Row 208, page 13 in Table 1 legends.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Major revision:The introduction part contains detailed description (18 lines long) about the steatosis and the gold standard liver biopsy. But there are only 2-2 sentences about the compared techniques. This part should be extended with much more information related to these techniques.Response: Thanks for your suggestion, we will revise the proportion of these two checks in the article. We added on the CAP at in Row 89-94, page 6, in introduction section.We also added on the ATI in Row 96- 105, page 6 in introduction section.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------At the last paragraph of introduction the authors mention there are other detection methods than CAP and ATI for the diagnosis of steatosis but the relevant references are missing.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction with added on the \u201creference 25 to 27\u201d showed MRI for liver steatosis with \u201cAnother non-invasive tool is magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), which can accurately quantify liver steatosis and provide the value of imaging diagnosis [24]. However, the cost of the instrument and the inconvenient operation are also disadvantages \u201cin Row 106- 109, page 6--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The image quality of Fig 4 and Fig 5 should be increased.Response: Thank you for your advice, we will improved the quality of the Fig 4 and Fig 5. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The Fig 4 legend is just a simple sentence of the result. It should contain a title and at least one descriptive sentence.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction.First, we added the \u201cWe used Pearson's correlation coefficient for ATI and CAP to confirm whether they are positively related\u201d in Row 177- 179, page 10. In Statistic section.Second, We added on a descriptive sentence with \u201cATI and CAP were positively correlated \u201d and entitled with \u201cThe association between ATI and CAP\u201d in Row 232- 233, page 13 in Fig 4.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The cohesion power is missing from the discussion section. The consecutive paragraphs are independent from each other. The fourth paragraph would be more appropriate at the introduction part.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction.We will move the text of the fourth paragraph in discussion section to introduction part as \u201d Basing on two-dimensional images in daily ultrasound examination within less than 2 minutes performing time, ATI showed the convenience in routine screening of liver steatosis[23]. As compared with CAP, ATI's advantage is the existence of an ultrasonic inspection mode, so there is no need to arrange for additional equipment for examinations [24]\u201d, in Row 101- 105, page 6.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In the fifth paragraph of discussion, without any introduction or background information there is a comparison with proton-density fat fraction based MRI.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and added the MRI-PDFF in introduction with \u201c Another non-invasive tool is magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), which can accurately quantify liver steatosis and provide the value of imaging diagnosis [25]. However, the cost of the instrument and the inconvenient operation are also disadvantages [26] [27].\u201dand discussion section with \u201c A study showed that MRI-PDFF with AUROC for classifying steatosis grades 0 vs. 1\u20133, 0\u20131 vs. 2\u20133, and 0\u20132 vs. 3 were 0.98, 0.91, and 0.90, respectively.in Row 293- 294, page 17---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The conclusion is too short and not so demonstrative.Response: Thank you for your advice, this is our major mistake and made the correction with \u201cATI has a higher AUROC values in different grading of liver steatosisthan CAP demonstrating ATI\u2019s excellent and accurate diagnostic ability. . In the future, ATI may be a promising technique for liver steatosis screening.\u201d in Row 305- 310, page 17---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Other questions:How could you define the success rate and effective shot by the US scans?Response: Thank you for your questions. We defined the \u201c a success rate of at least 60% was achieved\u201d in ATI measurement method : Fully meet the following conditions (1) at least five effective values were collected, (2) R2 value of 0.9 or greater at every single data point was recorded, and (3) the interquartile range was less than 30% of the median ATI.If the technician completes an inspection and fails to meet any of the three items, it is considered a failure.If the success rate is not higher than 60%, the inspection case must be excluded.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------What does effective data point mean?Response: Thank you for your questions. The text does not express the meaning very accurately, so we changed it from \"at least five effective data points\u201d to \u201c at least five effective values \u201c at in Row 162, page 9. Thank you again for your careful review.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reviewer #2: This is a concise paper with the advantage of easily reading the results and judging the significance. A merit of the paper is the accompanying rather detailed patient data as well as the rigorous statistics. There are a number of important concerns, though, which are to be addressed. I do not list all of them one by one, some are issue types, and it is expected that the authors improve all instances of these types.Data availability should be stated in the methods section.Response: Thank you for your advice. We added on Data availability stating in the methods section.in Row 128, page 7 in method section. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Page 2 and Page 13 \"No study to date has confirmed the clinical utility of...\". This is clearly wrong. There are a number of studies recently published 2020 and 2021. Please include them. With these, the purpose of this study should be specified in more detail. Also your study should be compared to all these. Response: Thank you for your advice. This is obviously our mistake. We made these corrections:1. delete the \u201cNo study to date has confirmed the clinical utility of...\". in Row 39, page 3. .2. Adding the text \u201c However, there are many studies on ATI and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) to prove their practicability, but there are few studies comparing these two methods.no study to date has confirmed the clinical utility of this technique. As such, this study compared the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) gleaned using FibroScan\u00ae  and ATI for the detection and evaluation of liver steatosis.\u201d in Row 39- 43, page 3.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Page 4 \"is invasive and prone to triggering complications such as pain...\" etc. Reference citing required, and also to all similar statements, that refer to clinical \"facts\".Response: Thank you for your advice. This is obviously our mistake.We has changed text cited with No.16 reference.in Row 82-83 , page 5. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Page 7 \"to make the statistic significant\". Determining the unit and display multiplier has nothing to do with significance, please correct the sentence.Response: Thank you for your advice. This is obviously our mistake. This is just a unit, we have deleted the redundant words that follow, thank you for your review, in Row 162, page 9. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Page 14a \"same from a previous study\". Need to cite the previous study.Response: Thank you for your advice. This is obviously our mistake. The previous study means our current study data. So, we delete the text and change it to \u201c This result showed CAP assessment could distinguish different grades of liver steatosis with a significant difference.\u201d in Row 285, page 16. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Page 14b \"there are several limitations\". The reader will need numerical estimation of liver steatosis diagnosis errors coming from obese patients. Cite a study with clinical data, CAP e.g., and/or repeat with a couple of nonobese patients with negative steatosis at least, so that a baseline can be shown: either as non-confounding, or establishing correction factors with subdermal fat amount.Response: Thank you for your advice. This is obviously our mistake. We has mede the correction with \u201crelatively obese patients  [34]\u201d and cite No. 34 referencein Row 298-299, page 17.AttachmentResponse to reviewer - 1-2021.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 24 May 2021PONE-D-20-37505R1Comparing the controlled attenuation parameter using FibroScan and attenuation imaging with ultrasound as a novel measurement for liver steatosisPLOS ONEDear Dr. Hsu,Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.Specifically,\u00a0the following author, James Cheng-Chung Wei Chung Shan Medical University, was added to the revised version. It did not appear to meet the authorship policies unless a specific contribution was made and mentioned by him in the original version, particularly the newly-added author abruptly served as the corresponding author of the manuscript. The Authors should have a clear declaration and signed agreement by all authors for the ethic concern. Otherwise, the authorship should only list the original authors.plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.Please submit your revised manuscript by Jul 08 2021 11:59PM. 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Guidelines for resubmitting your figure files are available below the reviewer comments at the end of this letter.http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines#loc-laboratory-protocols. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at\u00a0https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols.If applicable, we recommend that you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io to enhance the reproducibility of your results. Protocols.io assigns your protocol its own identifier (DOI) so that it can be cited independently in the future. For instructions see:\u00a0We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.Kind regards,Jee-Fu Huang, M.D., Ph.D.Academic EditorPLOS ONEJournal Requirements:Please review your reference list to ensure that it is complete and correct. If you have cited papers that have been retracted, please include the rationale for doing so in the manuscript text, or remove these references and replace them with relevant current references. Any changes to the reference list should be mentioned in the rebuttal letter that accompanies your revised manuscript. If you need to cite a retracted article, indicate the article\u2019s retracted status in the References list and also include a citation and full reference for the retraction notice.Additional Editor Comments (if provided):The following author, James Cheng-Chung Wei Chung Shan Medical University, was added to the revised version. It did not appear to meet the authorship policies unless a specific contribution was made and mentioned in the original version, particularly the newly-added author abruptly served as the corresponding author of the manuscript. The Authors should have a clear declaration and signed agreement regarding it.[Note: HTML markup is below. Please do not edit.]https://pacev2.apexcovantage.com/. PACE helps ensure that figures meet PLOS requirements. To use PACE, you must first register as a user. Registration is free. Then, login and navigate to the UPLOAD tab, where you will find detailed instructions on how to use the tool. If you encounter any issues or have any questions when using PACE, please email PLOS at\u00a0figures@plos.org. Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step.While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 5 Jul 2021Dear Editor,We appreciate your editorial comments, as well as those of the reviewers, concerning our manuscript. Based on these comments, we have made several revisions to our manuscript, which is resubmitted for your consideration. If there is anything needing to be further improved, please do not hesitate to inform us at your earliest convenience. Your assistance is highly appreciated. We look forward to your message.The followings are point-by-point responses to the comments.All authors thank the reviewer\u2019s suggestions. Your assistance is highly appreciated.Journal Requirements: Specifically, the following author, James Cheng-Chung Wei Chung Shan Medical University, was added to the revised version. It did not appear to meet the authorship policies unless a specific contribution was made and mentioned by him in the original version, particularly the newly-added author abruptly served as the corresponding author of the manuscript. The Authors should have a clear declaration and signed agreement by all authors for the ethic concern. Otherwise, the authorship should only list the original authors.Response: After discussing with various authors, the original author group accepted the editor\u2019s kind suggestions. Decided to remove the relevant information of James Cheng-Chung Wei Chung Shan Medical University in order to comply with the ethics of scientific research on Page 1 , Line 6.We also fixed the Author Contributions on Page 18, Line 292. This is our negligence. We are very sorry. Updated with IRB No. 210202Response:Because this research is being updated and reviewed again this year(2021), the IRB number is updated at this time to more accurately comply with the research ethical basis. Thank you reviewer for the suggestion.We also attach the latest IRB in the attachment to ensure the rigor of the research.We revised the IRB no 210202. at Page 7, Line 118AttachmentResponse to reviewer 2.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 7 Jul 2021Comparing the controlled attenuation parameter using FibroScan and attenuation imaging with ultrasound as a novel measurement for liver steatosisPONE-D-20-37505R2Dear Dr. Wu,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. 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For more information, please contact Kind regards,Jee-Fu Huang, M.D., Ph.D.Academic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :The Authors have sufficiently responded to the comments raised.Reviewers' comments: 8 Oct 2021PONE-D-20-37505R2 Comparing the controlled attenuation parameter using FibroScan and attenuation imaging with ultrasound as a novel measurement for liver steatosis Dear Dr. Wu:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. 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{"text": "The last year was, much like its predecessor, filled with an extreme challenge for many around the world. Repeated waves of COVID infection and new variants continued to bring disruption and misery, though vaccines and vaccination strategies began to offer hope to societies of establishing a new normality.Royal Society Open Science depends on reviewers, and we remain very grateful to you all, especially considering the difficulties so many have faced over the last year (and more).It is in this context, then, that we offer thanks to our numerous reviewers for their time, dedication and expertise over the last year. The success of research journals like To provide an opportunity for recognition for reviewers, we list the names of all reviewers who have kindly contributed to the journal (unless they have opted out). This article is made permanent and citeable by its digital object identifier (DOI). 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Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1801-5716Wu A Wu R-LWu SWu YWu Yhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9579-5357Wuttke A Wypych FXia C-YXie L-HXie SXu FXu Y-JYamamoto SYamauchi Yhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5974-247XYang A Yang Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9184-5030Yang C https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0576-6032Yang Y Yao CYap KNYasar SYau CYYdenberg RYeomans MYin XYokozawa TYoung Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8671-990XYoung J Young Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9096-3147Yousefi A Yu LYu SYuan YYuan ZYue CYun Hhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8625-6490Yusuf A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2456-6415Zakaria M Zanon MZare-Dorabei RZauscher Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5728-7896Zeng H Zhang FZhang GZhang Lhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-9880Zhang Q https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-3835Zhang S Zhang WZhang XZhang YZhang YZhao C-SZhao QZhao Y-GZhou MZhou SZhou W-HZhou XZhou YZhu JZhu KYhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0946-6523Zino L Zivanovic Shttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4469-5719Zwaka H The team greatly appreciate all the work our reviewers do on behalf of the journal, and we look forward to working with you again in 2022."}
{"text": "The following information is missing from the Funding statement: EAH: RO1-NS-061902, PO1-AI-077774, T32-OD-010437 , CKM: R01-NS-076894 . The publisher apologizes for the error."}
{"text": "Plasmodium falciparum and plants by screening the entire Malaria Box, a chemical library of novel chemical scaffolds with activity against the blood stage of P. falciparum. Initial screening against Arabidopsis thaliana on agar media and subsequently on soil demonstrated the crucial nature of log\u2009P and formal charge are to active molecules. Using this information, a weighted scoring system was applied to a large chemical library of liver-stage effective antimalarial leads, and of the six top-scoring compounds, one had potency comparable to that of commercial herbicides. This novel compound, MMV1206386, has no close structural analogues among commercial herbicides. Physiological profiling suggested that MMV1206386 has a new mode of action and overall demonstrates how weighted rules can help during herbicide discovery programs.Herbicides have physico-chemical properties not unlike orally-delivered human drugs, but are known to diverge in their limits for proton donors, partition coefficients and molecular weight. To further refine rules specific for herbicides, we exploited the close evolutionary relationship between  via a novel mode of action.Trawling hundreds of antimalarials for herbicides, we develop a weighted scoring system for the phys-chem \u2018rules\u2019 of herbicide-likeness. Using this, we discover the antimalarial MMV1206386 is herbicidal  Senecio vulgaris, was documented in 1968  was announced by FMC Agricultural Solutions in 2019.4,5 Two old herbicides, cinmethylin and aclonifen, were rediscovered as having new modes of action,6,7 while new compounds with new modes of action have emerged, such as cyclopyrimorate 8 and several novel cyclic methylphosphonates that target the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.5 The traditional approach to discover herbicides is through mass chemical screening and only later determining the mode of action; as a result this process gives diminishing returns as highly active molecules increasingly match known herbicides or have a known mode of action.The implementation of herbicides in agriculture in the 1940s improved crop productivity, but the emergence of herbicide resistance in the last few decades threatens those gains in yield. The first case of herbicide resistance, triazine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum and plants like Arabidopsis thaliana9,10 means many antimalarial compounds are herbicidal and vice versa e.g. herbicides such as glyphosate, trifluralin, endothall and prodiamine are lethal to Plasmodium species11\u201314 as antimalarials cycloguanil, pyrimethamine, sulfadoxine, dihydroartemisinin and artesunate are herbicidal.15 The chemical tools for antimalarial drug discovery have burgeoned in the last decade with chemical libraries composed of chemically novel antimalarials made publicly available by large, international consortia.16,17 Exploiting this, two herbicidal compounds were discovered by screening a small subset of compounds from the Malaria Box chemical library against A. thaliana.18,19 Overall, the Malaria Box is a 400-compound set of structurally diverse and chemically simple drug-like molecules that are toxic to blood stage P. falciparum and have physico-chemical properties suitable for orally delivered drugs.17 The screening of this subset against A. thaliana grown on Murashige\u2013Skoog agar medium revealed twenty highly herbicidal compounds.18,19 Ten of these were tested against soil-grown A. thaliana, and only two remained highly herbicidal, despite all ten molecules having physico-chemical properties within the broad range observed for commercial herbicides.18,19 There are lessons to be learned from looking at compounds that succeed as herbicides on plate-based assays, but fail in soil-based assays. Instead of a bias towards successes, considering the physico-chemical properties of compounds that fail to translate to soil-based assays might provide more sophisticated rules for predicting which herbicidal hits will continue to work when sprayed on the leaves of soil-grown plants.The close relationship between the malaria parasite 20\u201322 including a recent study of 334 commercial herbicides,23 demonstrated that although the physico-chemical properties of herbicides were similar to orally delivered drugs, herbicides possess fewer proton donors, a lower partition coefficient and molecular weight.23,24 To better understand the physico-chemical properties favoured by herbicides, we tested the entire Malaria Box for herbicidal activity of plate-based hits and determined which remained against soil-grown plants. There were correlations between some molecular properties and success in soil tests, which improved predictive ability. We used this newly refined set of rules to rank 631 liver-stage effective antimalarials in silico. Of the six highest-scoring compounds we found MMV1206386, a highly herbicidal tetrahydroquinoline derivative and chemically novel herbicidal compound, for which we obtained structure\u2013activity information and determined that the compound potentially possesses a novel mode of action.Previous analyses,in planta bioavailability of compounds from the Malaria Box library (MMV400) we compared their solubility in water (log\u2009S), partition (log\u2009P) and distribution (log\u2009D) coefficients, molar mass, proportion of aromatic atoms and polar surface area with the corresponding parameters of 360 commercial herbicides  was below that of the herbicides (20\u201360%)  . The MMV0 to 4.7 . Thus, i18,19 so to create a complete dataset of antimalarials to help correlate physico-chemical properties with herbicidal activity, we screened and compiled data for the remaining 240 compounds  of the MMV400 against Arabidopsis thaliana grown aseptically on an agar medium. Seeds were sown on solid agar medium containing 80 \u03bcM of the MMV400 compound (see ESIMMV plates B and C (160 compounds) were screened previouslyd see ESI Fig. 1. A. thaliana pre- and post-emergence on soil with a concentration range from 0 to 400 mg L\u22121. Oryzalin and glyphosate were used as controls, being typical pre- and post-emergence herbicides respectively. Only 16 of the 39 compounds were active against plants grown on soil  were effective both pre- and post-emergence, with strong growth inhibition at an application rate of 50 mg L\u22121 . As showmergence . These dversus compounds that were only herbicidal on agar. To better describe their molecular properties we used the set of descriptors that included log\u2009P, log\u2009D, log\u2009S, molecular mass, proportion of aromatic atoms, number of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, number of rotatable bonds, polar surface area and formal charge. For each parameter we compared an average value for compounds active both on soil and agar plates (n = 16) and compounds which were not active on soil, but were active on agar plates (n = 23) and we used a two-sample t-test to determine statistical significance of any differences  difference in the average values was for log\u2009P. The mean log\u2009P for soil-active compounds (3.5 \u00b1 1) was lower than for compounds that were inactive on soil (4.2 \u00b1 1) and closer to the mean log\u2009P for commercial herbicides (2.9 \u00b1 1.5). This indicated that high log\u2009P reduced activity against soil-grown plants for antimalarials that were herbicidal on agar. Herbicide-like values for log\u2009S (p = 0.08) and number of hydrogen bond donors (p = 0.09) were important, but just showed a trend (p < 0.1).The only significant (p < 0.05) , that was close to 13.6 points for commercial herbicides (n = 360). Scores for plate active-only antimalarials for herbicide likeness varied from 6.5 to 17, with the average value 11.9 points (n = 23) which is significantly different (p < 0.05) from the average value for herbicides and soil-active antimalarials. This scoring system appears to give values consistent for compounds showing herbicidal activity in more natural, soil-grown conditions.Using this scoring system, we plotted distribution curves for antimalarials active only on plates , black ain silico pre-screening of 631 molecules that were active against liver-stage malaria parasites, which possess low hepatotoxicity and potentially good oral bioavailability.25 Consisting of antimalarial compounds a high proportion should be herbicidal, but this liver-active set were structurally different to the blood stage MMV400 antimalarials. We hoped to demonstrate whether the aforementioned rules could focus attention only on compounds with appropriate physico-chemical properties of soil-active herbicidal compounds. We scored all 631  for herbicide-likeness and tested the top six scoring compounds that were commercially available.To test this weighted scoring system on a different dataset, we performed an A. thaliana at 200 mg L\u22121 application rate in both pre- and post-emergence application  of quinolone ring was crucial for herbicidal activity: removal of this group in 2 completely eliminated pre-emergence activity and significantly reduced post-emergence activity.To assess the importance of the furanyl motif marked,  we replaIncreasing the heterocyclic nature of the five-membered ring as in 11 and 12 or increasing the functionality of the five membered ring as in 5, 17, 18, 26 also lost activity. Removal of the 3-methyl group as in 19 clearly reduced pre- and post-emergence herbicidal activity. Replacement of furan motif with groups which did not contain heterocyclic core 20\u201322 similarly decreased herbicidal activity or virtually eliminated as in 23. Changing the position of the link between the furan motif and the carbonyl group greatly reduced herbicidal activity in 24, and completely eliminated it in 25. With these results available, we examined the potential of MMV1206386 to act as a herbicide against more relevant weed species. Eight crop specific weed species in pre- and post-emergence application were assayed .Abutilon theophrasti (velvetleaf) and Setaria viridis (green bristlegrass). Moderate susceptibility was observed in the case of A. retroflexus whereas E. crus-galli was moderately sensitive to pre-emergence treatment (45% of control at 2 kg ha\u22121), but tolerant to post-emergence treatment. Three species, A. fatua, A. spica-venti and S. faberi were resistant to MMV1206386. Based on these data we can assume that MMV1206386 has the potential to control a wide range of species, and should be more successful if used as a post-emergence herbicide. Since a search of MMV1206386 structural analogues among known commercial herbicides did not find any structurally similar molecules, we thought MMV1206386 might have a novel mode of action. To determine this we obtained an industry-standard physiological profile, which includes 13 different assays and generates a profile that can be compared to commercial herbicides, for many their modes of action being known.19,26,27 Firstly, we tested MMV1206386 against small plants and cell suspension to see which symptoms are induced by treatment with the compound  cell suspension culture at 100 \u03bcM. At lower concentrations cell division was only mildly affected. Growth of Lemna paucicostata (duckweed) was strongly inhibited when the compound was applied at 10 \u03bcM and 100 \u03bcM accompanied by rapid necrosis, reduced leaf growth and root growth inhibition. Treatment of plate-grown A. thaliana by MMV1206386 caused chlorosis, reduced leaf growth, root growth inhibition and hypocotyl swelling in seedlings, and these symptoms were similar to what was observed for soil-grown plants treated with MMV1206386. The germination inhibition assay with dark-grown Lepidum sativum (cress) showed that MMV1206386 had a moderate effect on germination rate. In contrast, when L. sativum plants were grown under light the inhibition of germination was more than 70% at all tested concentrations.MMV1206386 strongly inhibited cell division in heterotrophic Lemna paucicostata was only slightly affected at 100 \u03bcM. MMV1206386 demonstrated robust or medium uncoupler activity: the electron transport activity dropped by 46% and 30% at 100 \u03bcM and 10 \u03bcM respectively upon treatment, as well as ATP levels decreased robustly. Interestingly, there was no effect on the cress very long chain fatty acid synthesis (at 1 \u03bcM), carbon dioxide assimilation (at 1000 \u03bcM), respiration (at 100 \u03bcM) or reactive oxygen species accumulation (at 10 \u03bcM and 100 \u03bcM). To find out what mode of action MMV1206386 had, this physiological profile was compared with the BASF database of physiological profiles representing all known modes of action for herbicides and reference compounds with standard modes of action. This comparison did not reveal any matches among fingerprint profiles for commercial herbicides, therefore suggested that MMV1206386 represents a novel mode of action.Compared to industry-standard physiological profiles of inhibitors of photosystem II, MMV1206386 mildly inhibited photosynthetic electron transport in photosystem II in isolated wheat thylakoids at 100 \u03bcM . In the 20\u201323,28 Where the underpinning datasets were made known, these consisted of commercial herbicides, so none of these studies considered initial herbicidal hits that then failed in foliar applications.20,22,23 Only the study by Clarke considered data from both successful and unsuccessful herbicidal leads.21 Unfortunately, as the identities of their training set was suppressed, no subsequent analysis could use these data.Since the advent of Lipinski's rules for oral drugs in 1997 several studies have analysed the physico-chemical parameters of herbicides.A. thaliana on agar plates and then tested a sub-set against soil-grown plants. The reason to choose the Malaria Box was the fact that it was partially screened in previous studies and yielded many herbicidal hits, so screening the rest of the library would expand the training set.18,19 Screening the entire MMV400 increased the number of actives tested on soil and agar from 9 to 39 compounds plants, enabling statistical analyses like Fisher's exact test and two sample t-test.To create a dataset containing positive and negative data we completed screening of the 400-compound Malaria Box against 20\u201322 The original \u2018rule of five\u2019 employed a few simple descriptors such as partition coefficient (log\u2009P), molecular weight, number of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors and rotatable bond count to predict oral bioavailability of a drug candidate.24 These parameters do not consider ionisation properties, polarity or solubility, so to better characterise the physico-chemical parameters of herbicidal and non-herbicidal molecules we used an extended set of descriptors.23 The set included all Lipinski's descriptors as well as: distribution coefficient (log\u2009D); characterises distribution of the dominant ionisation form at given pH, solubility coefficient (log\u2009S); characterises solubility of molecules, polar surface area, aromatic atom proportion and formal charge. Not surprisingly, compounds active against soil-grown plants as well as compounds active only against plate-grown plants fit within characteristic limits of physico-chemical properties for commercial herbicides. The log\u2009P of antimalarials active against soil-grown plants had a low average value of log\u2009P that did not differ significantly from commercial herbicides, whereas the antimalarials active only against agar-grown plants had significantly higher log\u2009P value.To describe molecular properties of herbicides, previous studies used Lipinski's \u2018rule of five\u2019 itself or with minor corrections.29,30 it might impede translocation of herbicide molecules. This is similar to what has been observed for nanoparticles31 and fertilizers,32 where in contrast negatively charged and neutral particles have increased translocation.33 In addition, organic soils are in general possess negatively charged materials and so positively charged herbicides are readily bound, limiting pre-emergent efficacy.34Another parameter that differed was formal charge. Soil-active antimalarials were mostly neutral or negatively charged. Although positive charge facilitates absorption by roots or leaves,in silico screening of libraries and find new herbicides. The only published scoring system for herbicide-likeness was one proposed by Avram et al. in 2014  for the symptoms observed in Lemna paucicostata treated by MMV1206386, however the physiological profiles did not match those obtained for MMV1206386. The combination of structural uniqueness, distinct physiological profiles and unique combination of symptoms support the hypothesis that MMV1206386 has a new mode of action.For the library targeted against liver-stage 23 and as a prelude to this study, we updated this database. Dimethylarsinic acid, DSMA (disodium methyl arsenate) and MSMA (monosodium methyl arsenate) were removed as they are rarely or no longer used due to toxicity.36 Acrolein, which is used as a commercial algicide, was removed because the database is focused on herbicides applied against soil-grown weeds. Metolachlor, a racemic mixture of S-metolachlor and R-metolachlor, was excluded because it duplicated physico-chemical properties of S-metolachlor that are already present in the database. To check if we missed any herbicides in the first iteration we screened through \u201cAlan Wood's Pesticides Common Names Compendium\u201d and \u201cPesticide Properties Data Base by the University of Hertfordshire\u201d and found 27 commercial herbicides not in the original database.36,37 These include four 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors ; five that affect protoporphyrinogen oxidase ; three photosystem II inhibitors ; two synthetic auxins ; and six herbicides from different groups, including the acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor haloxyfop-P, the acetolactate synthase inhibitor monosulfuron, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase inhibitor bixlozone, a phytoene desaturase inhibitor metflurazon, an auxin transport inhibitor thidiazuron, and an inhibitor of long chain fatty acid synthesis terbuchlor. Seven of the newly added herbicides have unknown modes of action . In addition, a few herbicides have been introduced to market since 2015 and so were also added. These three herbicides each possess a novel mode of action: an inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase (clacyfos), an inhibitor of homogentisate solanesyltransferase (cyclopyrimorate) and an inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (tetflupyrolimet). The SMILES codes of the newly added compounds were used to propagate their details and the new database , partition coefficient (log\u2009P), distribution (log\u2009D) coefficient, molar mass, proportion of aromatic atoms, polar surface area, rotatable bond count, hydrogen bond donor count, hydrogen bond acceptor count and formal charge. The parameter values were calculated using calculator plugins included in Marvin Suite program package v. 20.19 (ChemAxon). Formal charge, hydrogen bond donor count, hydrogen bond acceptor count, were calculated for the major tautomeric form at pH 7.4.To describe physico-chemical properties of the Malaria Box compounds a set of physico-chemical descriptors was generated. These included solubility coefficient  was placed into a well of a sterile transparent 96-well plate prior to pouring of 250 \u03bcL of molten MS-agar medium that contained 1% of agar, 4 g L\u22121 of Murashige\u2013Skoog, 10 g L\u22121 of glucose and 0.3% 2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (v/v), pH 5.7. After the agar solidified roughly 30\u201340 ethanol-sterilised A. thaliana (Col-0) seeds were sown onto the surface as 25 \u03bcL of seed suspension in 0.1% agar. Prior to the experiment the seeds were stratified for three days to synchronise germination. After the surface of agar dried the plates were covered with lids and sealed with porous tape, transferred to a growth chamber and left to grow under long-day illumination  at 26 \u00b0C and 60% relative humidity. After sixteen days, lids were removed and images taken.To assess herbicidal activity of the Malaria Box compounds they were tested against agar-grown A. thaliana Col-0 seeds were sown in 63 \u00d7 63 \u00d7 59 mm pots consisting of Irish peat pre-wet before sowing. Seeds were treated for 3 days in the dark at 4 \u00b0C to synchronise germination and then grown in a chamber at 22 \u00b0C, with 60% relative humidity and in a 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod. Antimalarial compounds and control herbicide oryzalin were initially dissolved in DMSO at 20 mg mL\u22121 and further diluted in water containing 0.02% surfactant  prior to treatments. Another herbicide control, glyphosate was diluted in the same manner, but the original 20 mg mL\u22121 stock was prepared in water. DMSO at a concentration of 2% (v/v) was used as a negative control. Seeds or seedlings were treated as previously detailed19 with 500 \u03bcL of 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 or 400 mg L\u22121 solutions of each compound. Pre-emergence treatments were done as trays were moved into their first long day, whereas post-emergence treatments were conducted three and six days after germination. Seedlings were grown for 16 days after treatment before photos were taken.To assess herbicidal activity \u223c30 26,27 The influence of MMV1206386 on cell growth was studied in cell suspensions of phototrophic green algae Scenedesmus obliquus. The effect of MMV1206386 on Hill reaction rate was assessed in isolated wheat (Triticum aestivum) chloroplasts. Carbon assimilation and oxygen consumption was studied in heterotrophic Galium mollugo cell suspensions. Oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler activity, ATP content, chlorophyll fluorescence and accumulation of reactive oxygen species were measured in Lemna paucicostata. Toluidine-blue staining of Lepidium sativum hypocotyls was used for the detection of inhibition of very long chain fatty acid synthesis. Additionally the effect of MMV1206386 on A. thaliana seedling morphology was evaluated.To determine the mode of action of MMV1206386 the effect of the compound on different physiological processes was studied according to protocols previously described.By comparing failed and successful hits from the Malaria Box it was revealed how different molecular properties had different impacts on the chance of herbicidal activity. Having a suitable partition coefficient and formal charge appeared essential, whereas other parameters could range more widely. Based on these findings we developed a weighted scoring system for herbicide-likeness and used it to select top-scoring compounds from a large compound library of liver-stage effective antimalarial leads. One molecule (MMV1206386) had efficiency against soil-grown plants comparable to commercial herbicides and no close structural analogues in use and its physiological profile indicate a new mode of action. Thus, the weighted rules is a useful tool when using high throughput screening approaches in the discovery of new herbicides.There are no conflicts to 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{"text": "Dear editor,\u00ae mouthwash for reducing COVID-19 infection and progression [\u00ae, an antiviral phthalocyanine derivative (APD), in a gargle/rinse mouthwash protocol [\u00ae was indicated against SARS-CoV-2 , Brazil (Finance Code 001).Bernardo da Fonseca Orcina:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3367-483XVer\u00f4nica Caroline Brito Reia:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1352-5474Andrea Name Colado Sim\u00e3o:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2073-6782Audrey Alesandra Stinghen Garcia Lonni: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6498-2806Thais Maria Freire Fernandes:https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-4368-8568Marcelo Lupion Poleti:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1904-5762Fabiano Vieira Vilhena:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3840-3633Paulo S\u00e9rgio da Silva Santos:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0674-3759"}
{"text": "Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical/Journal of the Brazilian Society of Tropical MedicineTitle: Spondylodiscitis complicated by paraspinal abscess in a 10-year-old child 54: (e0134-2021) 2021 - Page: 1 - doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0134-2021 Correct indexing of authors:Maio, Nicoletta diSessa, Anna DiShould read:Di Maio, NicolettaDi Sessa, Anna"}
{"text": "Utilizating the plant microbiome to enhance pathogen resistance in crop production is an emerging alternative to the use of chemical pesticides. However, the diversity and structure of the microbiota, and the assembly mechanisms of root-associated microbial communities of plants are still poorly understood.Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) isolate KJ201, using 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) amplicon sequencing. The rhizosphere soils showed higher bacterial and fungal richness and diversity than the endosphere except for fungal richness in the rhizosphere soils of the mock treatment. Bacteria richness and diversity increased in the endospheric communities of NPB and Piz-t under inoculation with KJ201  compared with the corresponding mock treatments, with the NPB-KJ201 showing the highest diversity in the four bacterial endocompartments. In contrast, fungal richness and diversity decreased in the endospheric communities of NPB-KJ201 and Piz-t-KJ201, relative to the corresponding mock treatments, with NPB-KJ201 and Piz-t-KJ201 having the lowest richness and diversity, respectively, across the four fungal endocompartments. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the microbiota of Piz-t-KJ201 of root endophytes were mostly remarkablely distinct from that of NPB-KJ201. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the phyla Proteobacteria and Ascomycota were the key contributors to the bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. Furthermore, a comparative metabolic analysis showed that the contents of tryptophan metabolism and indole alkaloid biosynthesis were significantly lower in the Piz-t-KJ201 plants.We invstigated the microbiota of the root endosphere and rhizosphere soils of the rice cultivar Nipponbare (NPB) and its Piz-t-transgenic line (NPB-Piz-t) when infected with the filamentous fungus M. oryzae played dominant roles in determining the microbial community assemblage. Further metabolomics analysis revealed that some metabolites may influence changes in bacterial communities. This study improves our understanding of the complex interactions between rice and M. oryzae, which could be useful in developing new strategies to improve rice resistance through the manipulation of soil microorganisms.In this study, we compared the diversity, composition, and assembly of microbial communities associated with the rhizosphere soils and endosphere of Piz-t-KJ201 and NPB-KJ201. On the basis of the different compositions, diversities, and assemblies of the microbial communities among different compartments, we propose that the host genotype and inoculation pattern of The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12284-021-00486-9. Plant pathogens are an ever-increasing threat to crop production; hence, there is an urgent need to suppress disease under natural plant conditions. To achieve this, the root-associated microbiome, has been suggested as a disease-control alternative owing to its antagonistic abilities, which have been described for various soil-borne pathogens, including fungi, bacteria, oomycetes, and nematodes , a global hemibiotrophic plant fungal pathogen, causes serious blast disease at any time during rice production  generation or transcriptional reprogramming processes, and even affecting the level of the root microbiome  was employed to identify fungal community biomarkers based on the 8 compartments of data. Seven significantly different groups of fungi were enriched in the endospheric communities of Piz-t-KJ201, including one Fungi_sp., one Schizothecium and 5 unidentified fungi (from phylum to family) were primarily enriched by healthy plants, such as the endospheric communities of NBP-mock and the rhizosphere soils of Piz-t-KJ201, while in the diseased NPB-KJ201, the endospheric bacteria were mainly enriched by the bacterial lineages of Chloroflexi . Additional KEGG enrichment analysis showed that metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism were the most significant pathways in NPB-KJ201 compared with mock treatments , the causal agent of rice blast  metabolism acts as a common hub for the biosynthesis of many immune-related compounds . The rice cultivars NPB and NPB-Piz-t were used in this experiment, and NPB-Pizt was generated as described in our previous study  according to the manufacturer\u2019s instructions. The DNA quality and concentration were monitored using a NanoDrop 1000 spectrophotometer . The total DNA was used as PCR templates, and 16S amplicon libraries were generated using the PCR primers 319F (5\u2032-CCTACGGGNGGCWGCAG-3\u2032) and 806R (5\u2032-GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAA T-3\u2032) with an adapter (index) that targets the V3 and V4 variable regions of bacterial/archaeal 16S rRNA genes  and ITS1R (5\u2032-GCTGC GTTCTTCATCGATGC-3\u2032)  and filtered  for UPLC-MS/MS analysis.The freeze-dried above ground parts were crushed using a mixer mill  with zirconia beads for 1.5\u2009min at 30\u2009Hz. A total of 100\u2009mg powder was weighed and extracted overnight at 4\u2009\u00b0C with 0.6\u2009ml 70% aqueous methanol. Following centrifugation at 10,000\u2009g for 10\u2009min, the extracts were absorbed , and the annotated metabolites were then mapped to the KEGG Pathway database (http://www.kegg.jp/ kegg/pathway.html).The hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) results of samples and metabolites were presented as heatmaps with dendrograms. HCA was conducted using an R package p heatmap (Qin et al. Additional file 1: Fig. S1. ANOSIM analysis was performed based on a Bray-Curtis distance matrix from each compartment to calculate the differences between rhizosphere soils and endosphere compartments. Permutation test, number of permutation is 999. Bacterial communities, A:NPB-Mock-B.R, B: Pizt-Mock-B.R, C: NPB-KJ201-B.R, D: Piz-t-KJ201-B.R, E:NPB-Mock-B.E, F: Pizt-Mock-B.E, G: NPB-KJ201-B.E, H: Piz-t-KJ201-B.E; Fungal communities, A:NPB-Mock-F.R, B: Pizt-Mock-F.R, C: NPB-KJ201-F.R, D: Piz-t-KJ201-F.R, E:NPB-Mock-F.E, F: Pizt-Mock-F.E, G: NPB-KJ201-F.E, H: Piz-t-KJ201-F.E.Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Venn map of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizospheres soils and endosphere of NPB-KJ201 and Piz-t-KJ201 plants. Bacterial communities, A:NPB-Mock-B.R, B: Pizt-Mock-B.R, C: NPB-KJ201-B.R, D: Piz-t-KJ201-B.R, E:NPB-Mock-B.E, F: Pizt-Mock-B.E, G: NPB-KJ201-B.E, H: Piz-t-KJ201-B.E; Fungal communities, A:NPB-Mock-F.R, B: Pizt-Mock-F.R, C: NPB-KJ201-F.R, D: Piz-t-KJ201-F.R, E:NPB-Mock-F.E, F: Pizt-Mock-F.E, G: NPB-KJ201-F.E, H: Piz-t-KJ201-F.E.Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Indicator fungal groups across 8 compartments with LDA values higher than 3.LDA: linear discriminant analysis. A:NPB-Mock-F.R, B: Pizt-Mock-F.R, C: NPB-KJ201-F.R, D: Piz-t-KJ201-F.R; E:NPB-Mock-F.E, F: Pizt-Mock-F.E, G: NPB-KJ201-F.E, H: Piz-t-KJ201-F.E.Additional file 4: Fig. S4. Indicator bacterial groups across 8 compartments with LDA values higher than 3. LDA: linear discriminant analysis. A:NPB-Mock-B.R, B: Pizt-Mock-B.R, C: NPB-KJ201-B.R, D: Piz-t-KJ201-B.R; E:NPB-Mock-B.E, F: Pizt-Mock-B.E, G: NPB-KJ201-B.E, H: Piz-t-KJ201-B.E.Additional file 5: Table S1. OTUs for bacterial and fungal communities.Additional file 6: Table S2. Topphylum for bacterial and fungal taxa across 8 compartments.Additional file 7: Table S3. Statistical table of alpha diversity index for bacterial and fungal communities.Additional file 8: Table S4. PCA for bacterial and fungal compartments.Additional file 9: Table\u00a05. The significance difference metabolism of Piz-t-KJ201 and NPB-KJ201.Additional file 10: Table S6. The statistic analysis of KEGG enrichment for each group."}
{"text": "Emerging worldwide in the past decade, there has been a significant increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria from serious nosocomial infections, especially carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli that have emerged worldwide. The objective of this study is to investigate carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacilli bacteria using phenotypic detection, antimicrobial resistance profiles and genotypic characterisation methods.200 Gram-negative bacilli isolates were collected from different clinical specimens. All clinical samples were exposed to isolation and identification of significant pathogens applying bacteriological examination and an automated Vitek-2 system. The isolates were subjected to susceptibility tests by the Vitek-2 automated system and those isolates that were resistant to beta-lactam drugs, including carbapenems, third-generation cephalosporines or cefoxitin, were selected for phenotyping using Carba plus disc system assay for detection of carbapenemase-producing isolates. These isolates were further confirmed by molecular detection. PCR was used for the detection carbapenem-resistant genes .blaNDM 83% (44/53) followed by blaOXA-48 75% (40/53), blaVIM 49% (26/53) and blaIMP 43% (23/53), while the gene blaKPC was least frequent 7% (4/53). 92% (46/51) of isolates were involved in the production of more than one carbapenemase gene.110 (55%) of 200 Gram-negative bacilli were identified as beta-lactam-resistant isolates. The frequency of carbapenem-resistant isolates was calculated to be 30.9% (n = 34/110). A collection totalling 65/110 (59%) isolates were identified as carbapenemase producers by phenotypic method. Moreover, among the 65 carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative isolates with a positive phenotype-based result, 30 (46%), 20 (30%) and 18 (27%) isolates were positive for OXA-48, KPC and MBL enzymes, respectively, as well as the production of 27% of AmpC with porin loss. Tigecycline was the most effective antibiotic that affected 70% of MDR isolates, but high rates of resistance were detected to other tested antimicrobials. Of interest, a high incidence of MDR, XDR and PDR profiles were observed among all carbapenemase-producing isolates. 36% (24/65) of the tested isolates were MDR to 3 to 5 antimicrobial classes. 29% (17/65) of the recovered isolates were XDR to 6 to 7 antimicrobial classes. Alarmingly, 24% (16/65) of isolates displayed PDR to all the tested 8 antimicrobial classes. Genotype assay, including 53 phenotypically confirmed carbapenemase-producing isolates of Gram-negative bacilli, found 51(96%) isolates were harbouring one or more genes. The most common carbapenemase gene was This study demonstrated the emergence of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative pathogens implicated in healthcare-related infections. Accurate identification of carbapenem-resistant bacterial pathogens is essential for patient treatment, as well as the development of appropriate contamination control measures to limit the rapid spread of pathogens. Tigecycline exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against MDR, XDR and PDR-producing strains that establish a threatening alert which indicates the complex therapy of infections caused by these pathogens. Multidrug resistance has increased globally and is considered a public health threat. Several recent studies have reported the existence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens from different origins including humans, poultry, cattle and fish. This has increased the need for routine application of antimicrobial susceptibility testing to detect the antibiotic of choice as well as screening of the emerging MDR strains , 2.In general, the phenomenon of MDR is primarily attributed to the recurrent and indiscriminate use of antibiotics as well as coding for some antimicrobial resistance genes .Enterobacteriaceae Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to QuestionsComments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0PartlyReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes**********2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously? Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0No**********3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified.The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes**********4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes**********5. Review Comments to the AuthorPlease use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Comments to authors:- The current study is very interesting; however, the authors should address the following comments to improve the quality of the manuscript:- The manuscript should be revised for language editing and grammar mistakes by a native English speaker.- Please write the genes name in correct form all over the manuscript Title:I think the work would benefit from the title that contains main conclusion of the study (should be derived from the conclusion), please modify the title.Abstract:- The abstract must illustrates the used methods and the most prevalent results (give more hints about methods and results). Besides, rephrase the main conclusion of your findings.Introduction:-Give a hint about different infections caused by common pathogenic members of Enterobacteriaceae (such as E. coli and K. pneumonia) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, their virulence factors, and the mechanism of disease occurrence.- The introduction needs to be more informative:-The authors should illustrate the public heath importance concerning the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens that reflecting the necessary of new potent and safe antimicrobial agents. Several studies proved the widespread MDR- bacterial pathogens;Authors could add the following paragraph:Multidrug resistance has been increased globally that is considered public health threat. Several recent studies reported the existence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens from different origins including humans, poultry, cattle, and fish that increase the need for routine application of the antimicrobial susceptibility testing to detect the antibiotic of choice as well as screening of the emerging MDR strains. You should cite the following valuable studies:1-PMID: 331778492-PMID: 324979223-PMID:330614724-PMID: 339478755-PMID: 324722096-PMID: 32994450-Rephrase the aim of work to be clear and better sound.Material and methods-Table 1 must be placed in the results section.-It is not acceptable to illustrate the prevalence of the bacterial pathogens in the methods; it should be placed to the results section.-Where are the methods of the isolation and identification of 200 Gram-negative bacteria?? You must illustrate in details and support your methods with specific references.- Phenotype-based method for carbapenemases: should be modified to be: Phenotypedetection carbapenemases using Disc diffusion method. Rephrase this section; add more details, discuss in details and specific references.- Confirmation of carbapenemase production using commercialcombination disk assay; add specific references to this section.-Molecular detection of genes should be modified:PCR-based detection of carbapenemase genes. Besides, add specific references.-Where are the statistical analyses?-Results:- Where are the results of phenotypic characters and the prevalence of the isolated bacterial pathogens from the examined samples? You must illustrate their prevalence in a new table.-Table 1 must be placed in the results section.- Illustrate in a new table the test results of the phenotypic MDR .-Illustrate the distribution of the carbapenemase genes among the recovered isolates in a new table.- Please increase the resolution of all figures (1200 dpi).-Where are the statistical analyses?-Discussion:-The discussion is too long and poor; the authors are advised to illustrate the real impact of their findings without repetition of results.-Conclusion- Should be rephrased to be sounded. A real conclusion should focus on the question or claim you articulated in your study, whose resolution has been the main objective of your paper?Reviewer #2:\u00a0- The current study has a significant impact, but it needs a major revision:- The manuscript should be revised for grammar mistakes.-The title is broad, please modify the title.-In the introduction: discuss the public health importance of the members of Enterobacteriaceae and other Gram negative bacterial pathogens.-Improve the aim of work.Methods:-Transfer Table 1 to the results.-Transfer the prevalence of bacterial species to the results section.-Discuss the isolation and identification of the bacterial pathogens.-Specific references should be added to all the used methods and techniques.-Where is the statistical analysis?-Results:- Discuss the prevalence of the retrieved isolates in a new table.- Transfer Table 1 to the results- Please increase the resolution of all figures (1200 dpi).-Where is the statistical analysis?-Discussion:-Very long; please improve**********what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article  digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 4 Sep 2021Dear Dr. Abdelazeem Thank you for reviewing my manuscript. I appreciate your efforts and the efforts of the reviewers.I have worked hard to edit the revised manuscript and I hope I have done wellI look forward to having my research accepted in PLOS ONE journal.Sayran H. HajiAuthor Journal Requirements:When submitting your revision, we need you to address these additional requirements.1. Please ensure that your manuscript meets PLOS ONE's style requirements, including those for file naming. The PLOS ONE style templates can be found athttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=wjVg/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_main_body.pdf andhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=ba62/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_title_authors_affiliations.pdfI tried to be in accordance with the requirements of PLOS ONE style------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. In your Methods section, please provide additional information on the verbal consent provided by the patients, including as to how this verbal consent was documented or witnessed. I added regarding oral consent in the ethical issues section------------------------------------------------------------------------------------https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/figures#loc-blot-and-gel-reporting-requirements and https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/figures#loc-preparing-figures-from-image-files. When you submit your revised manuscript, please ensure that your figures adhere fully to these guidelines and provide the original underlying images for all blot or gel data reported in your submission. See the following link for instructions on providing the original image data: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/figures#loc-original-images-for-blots-and-gels.3. PLOS ONE now requires that authors provide the original uncropped and unadjusted images underlying all blot or gel results reported in a submission\u2019s figures or Supporting Information files. This policy and the journal\u2019s other requirements for blot/gel reporting and figure preparation are described in detail at plosone@plos.org if you have any questions.In your cover letter, please note whether your blot/gel image data are in Supporting Information or posted at a public data repository, provide the repository URL if relevant, and provide specific details as to which raw blot/gel images, if any, are not available. Email us at My cover letter contains the DOI of the original, uncropped, unedited images of the blot /gel data published in a public data repository.https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/fhnkrf3jdr/1------------------------------------------------------------------------------------http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/data-availability.4. In your Data Availability statement, you have not specified where the minimal data set underlying the results described in your manuscript can be found. PLOS defines a study's minimal data set as the underlying data used to reach the conclusions drawn in the manuscript and any additional data required to replicate the reported study findings in their entirety. All PLOS journals require that the minimal data set be made fully available. For more information about our data policy, please see http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/data-availability#loc-recommended-repositories. Any potentially identifying patient information must be fully anonymized.Upon re-submitting your revised manuscript, please upload your study\u2019s minimal underlying data set as either Supporting Information files or to a stable, public repository and include, or accession numbers within your revised cover letter. For a list of acceptable repositories, please see The minimal data set is available in public repository and include the relevant DOIs, within my revised cover letter. https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/dp7g8rntyb/1Dataset: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/data-availability#loc-unacceptable-data-access-restrictions. Note that it is not acceptable for the authors to be the sole named individuals responsible for ensuring data access.Important: If there are ethical or legal restrictions to sharing your data publicly, please explain these restrictions in detail. Please see our guidelines for more information on what we consider unacceptable restrictions to publicly sharing data: I don\u2019t have any ethical or legal restrictionsWe will update your Data Availability statement to reflect the information you provide in your cover letter.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. Please ensure that you refer to Figure 1 in your text as, if accepted, production will need this reference to link the reader to the figure.I referenced all the Figures in my text to link the reader to the figure.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. We note you have included a table to which you do not refer in the text of your manuscript. Please ensure that you refer to Table 1 in your text; if accepted, production will need this reference to link the reader to the Table.I referenced all the tables in my script to connect the reader to the figure.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reviewer #1: Comments to authors:- The current study is very interesting; however, the authors should address the following comments to improve the quality of the manuscript:- The manuscript should be revised for language editing and grammar mistakes by a native English speaker.I have checked for language editing and grammatical errors by native British speakers using online proofreading;Professional editing and proofreadingservices at your fingertipshttps://app.proofreadmyessay.co.uk/my-documents/------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please write the genes name in correct form all over the manuscript I corrected the name of the genes throughout the manuscript------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Title:I think the work would benefit from the title that contains main conclusion of the study (should be derived from the conclusion), please modify the title.I modified the title that contains main conclusion------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract:- The abstract must illustrates the used methods and the most prevalent results (give more hints about methods and results). Besides, rephrase the main conclusion of your findings.More hints were given about the methods and results. Besides, I reformulated the main conclusion of the results.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Introduction:-Give a hint about different infections caused by common pathogenic members of Enterobacteriaceae (such as E. coli and K. pneumonia) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, their virulence factors, and the mechanism of disease occurrence.Hints were given about the common pathogenic members of Enterobacteriaceae in the introduction part------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The introduction needs to be more informative:-The authors should illustrate the public heath importance concerning the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens that reflecting the necessary of new potent and safe antimicrobial agents. Several studies proved the widespread MDR- bacterial pathogens;Authors could add the following paragraph:Multidrug resistance has been increased globally that is considered public health threat. Several recent studies reported the existence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens from different origins including humans, poultry, cattle, and fish that increase the need for routine application of the antimicrobial susceptibility testing to detect the antibiotic of choice as well as screening of the emerging MDR strains. You should cite the following valuable studies:1-PMID: 331778492-PMID: 324979223-PMID:330614724-PMID: 339478755-PMID: 324722096-PMID: 32994450I have illustrated the public health importance of the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens by adding your paragraph, and I really appreciate your help in providing these valuable studies, which I used as references.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Rephrase the aim of work to be clear and better sound. I paraphrased the aim of the workMaterial and methods-Table 1 must be placed in the results section. I have moved the table to the resulting part-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------It is not acceptable to illustrate the prevalence of the bacterial pathogens in the methods; it should be placed to the results section. I have moved the prevalence of bacterial pathogens to the results section.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Where are the methods of the isolation and identification of 200 Gram-negative bacteria?? You must illustrate in details and support your methods with specific references.The methods for isolating and identifying 200 Gram-negative bacteria have been explained with adding specific references. Furthermore, I added a new table to identify 200 Gram-negative bacteria.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Phenotype-based method for carbapenemases: should be modified to be: Phenotypedetection carbapenemases using Disc diffusion method. Rephrase this section; add more details, discuss in details and specific references.I have modified the phenotypic-based method for carbapenemes to the phenotype detection of carbapenemes using the disc diffusion method, and more details have been added to this section with references.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Confirmation of carbapenemase production using commercialcombination disk assay; add specific references to this section. The phenotypic-based method has been combined with confirmation of carbapenemase production using commercial combination disk checked, because I think it was duplicated, and specific references were added-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Molecular detection of genes should be modified:PCR-based detection of carbapenemase genes. Besides, add specific references.Molecular gene detection was changed to PCR-based detection of carbapenemase genes. Besides, specific references have been added.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Where are the statistical analyses? Statistical analyzes for this study were designed using GraphPad Prism . The Chi-square test was applied to analyze the obtained data.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Results:- Where are the results of phenotypic characters and the prevalence of the isolated bacterial pathogens from the examined samples? You must illustrate their prevalence in a new table.The results of the phenotypic characteristics and prevalence of bacterial pathogens isolated from the examined samples were added to a new table with a clear explanation of the correlation in the text. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Table 1 must be placed in the results section. Table 1 has been converted to Table 2 and moved to the result section. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Illustrate in a new table the test results of the phenotypic MDR . I have developed a new table of MDR phenotypic test results identifying the antimicrobial classes of the antimicrobial agents used.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Illustrate the distribution of the carbapenemase genes among the recovered isolates in a new table. The distribution of carbapenemase genes among the recovered isolates is illustrated in a new table------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please increase the resolution of all figures (1200 dpi). I have increased the resolution. Hope it is clear now-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Where are the statistical analyses?Statistical analyzes for this study were designed using GraphPad Prism . The Chi-square test was applied to analyze the obtained data.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Discussion:-The discussion is too long and poor; the authors are advised to illustrate the real impact of their findings without repetition of results. I've shortened the discussion and deleted all the duplicates as much as I can-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Conclusion- Should be rephrased to be sounded. A real conclusion should focus on the question or claim you articulated in your study, whose resolution has been the main objective of your paper? The conclusion has been reformulated to be presented and includes the main resolution of my study.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reviewer #2: - The current study has a significant impact, but it needs a major revision:- The manuscript should be revised for grammar mistakes. I have checked for language editing and grammatical errors by native British speakers using online proofreading;Professional editing and proofreadingservices at your fingertipshttps://app.proofreadmyessay.co.uk/my-documents/-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The title is broad, please modify the title. I have modified and shortened the title -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In the introduction: discuss the public health importance of the members of Enterobacteriaceae and other Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. The public health importance of the members of Enterobacteriaceae and other Gram-negative bacterial pathogens was discussed in the introduction part-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Improve the aim of work. The purpose of the work has improved------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Methods:-Transfer Table 1 to the results. I have moved the table to the resulting part-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Transfer the prevalence of bacterial species to the results section. I have moved the prevalence of bacterial pathogens to the results section.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Discuss the isolation and identification of the bacterial pathogens. The methods for isolating and identifying Gram-negative bacteria have been explained with adding specific references. Furthermore, I added a new table to identify 200 Gram-negative bacteria.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Specific references should be added to all the used methods and techniques. I added specific references to all the methods and techniques used-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Where is the statistical analysis?Statistical analyzes for this study were designed using GraphPad Prism . The Chi-square test was applied to analyze the obtained data.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Results:- Discuss the prevalence of the retrieved isolates in a new table.The results of the prevalence of bacterial pathogens isolated from the examined samples were added to a new table with a clear explanation in the text.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transfer Table 1 to the results Table 1 has been converted to Table 2 and moved to the result section.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please increase the resolution of all figures (1200 dpi). I have increased the resolution. Hope it is clear now------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Discussion:-Very long; please improveI've shortened and improved the discussion as much as I can________________________________________AttachmentResponse to Reviewers30.08.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 7 Sep 2021PONE-D-21-22590R1Prevalence and characterisation of carbapenemase encoding\u00a0genes in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilliPLOS ONEDear Dr. haji,Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.Please submit your revised manuscript by Oct 22 2021 11:59PM. If you will need more time than this to complete your revisions, please reply to this message or contact the journal office at\u00a0A rebuttal letter that responds to each point raised by the academic editor and reviewer(s). You should upload this letter as a separate file labeled 'Response to Reviewers'.A marked-up copy of your manuscript that highlights changes made to the original version. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Revised Manuscript with Track Changes'.An unmarked version of your revised paper without tracked changes. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Manuscript'.Please include the following items when submitting your revised manuscript:If you would like to make changes to your financial disclosure, please include your updated statement in your cover letter. Guidelines for resubmitting your figure files are available below the reviewer comments at the end of this letter.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines#loc-laboratory-protocols. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols.If applicable, we recommend that you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io to enhance the reproducibility of your results. Protocols.io assigns your protocol its own identifier (DOI) so that it can be cited independently in the future. For instructions see: We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.Kind regards,Abdelazeem Mohamed Algammal, Prof, Ph.DAcademic EditorPLOS ONE[Note: HTML markup is below. Please do not edit.]Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to QuestionsComments to the Author1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0(No Response)**********2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously? Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified.The Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********6. Review Comments to the AuthorPlease use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0The authors have addressed some of my comments; however the haveignored a major comment concerning the introduction.Please address the following comment:The introduction needs to be more informative:-The authors should illustrate the public heath importance concerning the emergenceof multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens that reflecting the necessary of newpotent and safe antimicrobial agents. Several studies proved the widespread MDRbacterial pathogens;Authors could add the following paragraph:Multidrug resistance has been increased globally that is considered public healththreat. Several recent studies reported the existence of multidrug-resistant bacterialpathogens from different origins including humans, poultry, cattle, and fish thatincrease the need for routine application of the antimicrobial susceptibility testing todetect the antibiotic of choice as well as screening of the emerging MDR strains. Youshould cite the following valuable studies:1-PMID: 331778492-PMID: 324979223-PMID:330614724-PMID: 339478755-PMID: 324722096-PMID: 32994450**********what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article  digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 11 Sep 2021Journal Requirements:When submitting your revision, we need you to address these additional requirements.1. Please ensure that your manuscript meets PLOS ONE's style requirements, including those for file naming. The PLOS ONE style templates can be found athttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=wjVg/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_main_body.pdf andhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=ba62/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_title_authors_affiliations.pdfI tried to be in accordance with the requirements of PLOS ONE style------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. In your Methods section, please provide additional information on the verbal consent provided by the patients, including as to how this verbal consent was documented or witnessed. I added regarding oral consent in the ethical issues section------------------------------------------------------------------------------------https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/figures#loc-blot-and-gel-reporting-requirements and https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/figures#loc-preparing-figures-from-image-files. When you submit your revised manuscript, please ensure that your figures adhere fully to these guidelines and provide the original underlying images for all blot or gel data reported in your submission. See the following link for instructions on providing the original image data: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/figures#loc-original-images-for-blots-and-gels.3. PLOS ONE now requires that authors provide the original uncropped and unadjusted images underlying all blot or gel results reported in a submission\u2019s figures or Supporting Information files. This policy and the journal\u2019s other requirements for blot/gel reporting and figure preparation are described in detail at plosone@plos.org if you have any questions.In your cover letter, please note whether your blot/gel image data are in Supporting Information or posted at a public data repository, provide the repository URL if relevant, and provide specific details as to which raw blot/gel images, if any, are not available. Email us at My cover letter contains the DOI of the original, uncropped, unedited images of the blot /gel data published in a public data repository.https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/fhnkrf3jdr/1------------------------------------------------------------------------------------http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/data-availability.4. In your Data Availability statement, you have not specified where the minimal data set underlying the results described in your manuscript can be found. PLOS defines a study's minimal data set as the underlying data used to reach the conclusions drawn in the manuscript and any additional data required to replicate the reported study findings in their entirety. All PLOS journals require that the minimal data set be made fully available. For more information about our data policy, please see http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/data-availability#loc-recommended-repositories. Any potentially identifying patient information must be fully anonymized.Upon re-submitting your revised manuscript, please upload your study\u2019s minimal underlying data set as either Supporting Information files or to a stable, public repository and include, or accession numbers within your revised cover letter. For a list of acceptable repositories, please see The minimal data set is available in public repository and include the relevant DOIs, within my revised cover letter. https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/dp7g8rntyb/1Dataset: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/data-availability#loc-unacceptable-data-access-restrictions. Note that it is not acceptable for the authors to be the sole named individuals responsible for ensuring data access.Important: If there are ethical or legal restrictions to sharing your data publicly, please explain these restrictions in detail. Please see our guidelines for more information on what we consider unacceptable restrictions to publicly sharing data: I don\u2019t have any ethical or legal restrictionsWe will update your Data Availability statement to reflect the information you provide in your cover letter.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. Please ensure that you refer to Figure 1 in your text as, if accepted, production will need this reference to link the reader to the figure.I referenced all the Figures in my text to link the reader to the figure.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. We note you have included a table to which you do not refer in the text of your manuscript. Please ensure that you refer to Table 1 in your text; if accepted, production will need this reference to link the reader to the Table.I referenced all the tables in my script to connect the reader to the figure.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reviewer #1: Comments to authors:- The current study is very interesting; however, the authors should address the following comments to improve the quality of the manuscript:- The manuscript should be revised for language editing and grammar mistakes by a native English speaker.I have checked for language editing and grammatical errors by native British speakers using online proofreading;Professional editing and proofreadingservices at your fingertipshttps://app.proofreadmyessay.co.uk/my-documents/------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please write the genes name in correct form all over the manuscript I corrected the name of the genes throughout the manuscript------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Title:I think the work would benefit from the title that contains main conclusion of the study (should be derived from the conclusion), please modify the title.I modified the title that contains main conclusion------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract:- The abstract must illustrates the used methods and the most prevalent results (give more hints about methods and results). Besides, rephrase the main conclusion of your findings.More hints were given about the methods and results. Besides, I reformulated the main conclusion of the results.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Introduction:-Give a hint about different infections caused by common pathogenic members of Enterobacteriaceae (such as E. coli and K. pneumonia) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, their virulence factors, and the mechanism of disease occurrence.Hints were given about the common pathogenic members of Enterobacteriaceae in the introduction part------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The introduction needs to be more informative:-The authors should illustrate the public heath importance concerning the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens that reflecting the necessary of new potent and safe antimicrobial agents. Several studies proved the widespread MDR- bacterial pathogens;Authors could add the following paragraph:Multidrug resistance has been increased globally that is considered public health threat. Several recent studies reported the existence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens from different origins including humans, poultry, cattle, and fish that increase the need for routine application of the antimicrobial susceptibility testing to detect the antibiotic of choice as well as screening of the emerging MDR strains. You should cite the following valuable studies:1-PMID: 331778492-PMID: 324979223-PMID:330614724-PMID: 339478755-PMID: 324722096-PMID: 32994450I have illustrated the public health importance of the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens by adding your paragraph, and I really appreciate your help in providing these valuable studies, which I used as references.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Rephrase the aim of work to be clear and better sound. I paraphrased the aim of the workMaterial and methods-Table 1 must be placed in the results section. I have moved the table to the resulting part-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------It is not acceptable to illustrate the prevalence of the bacterial pathogens in the methods; it should be placed to the results section. I have moved the prevalence of bacterial pathogens to the results section.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Where are the methods of the isolation and identification of 200 Gram-negative bacteria?? You must illustrate in details and support your methods with specific references.The methods for isolating and identifying 200 Gram-negative bacteria have been explained with adding specific references. Furthermore, I added a new table to identify 200 Gram-negative bacteria.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Phenotype-based method for carbapenemases: should be modified to be: Phenotypedetection carbapenemases using Disc diffusion method. Rephrase this section; add more details, discuss in details and specific references.I have modified the phenotypic-based method for carbapenemes to the phenotype detection of carbapenemes using the disc diffusion method, and more details have been added to this section with references.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Confirmation of carbapenemase production using commercialcombination disk assay; add specific references to this section. The phenotypic-based method has been combined with confirmation of carbapenemase production using commercial combination disk checked, because I think it was duplicated, and specific references were added-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Molecular detection of genes should be modified:PCR-based detection of carbapenemase genes. Besides, add specific references.Molecular gene detection was changed to PCR-based detection of carbapenemase genes. Besides, specific references have been added.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Where are the statistical analyses? Statistical analyzes for this study were designed using GraphPad Prism . The Chi-square test was applied to analyze the obtained data.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Results:- Where are the results of phenotypic characters and the prevalence of the isolated bacterial pathogens from the examined samples? You must illustrate their prevalence in a new table.The results of the phenotypic characteristics and prevalence of bacterial pathogens isolated from the examined samples were added to a new table with a clear explanation of the correlation in the text. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Table 1 must be placed in the results section. Table 1 has been converted to Table 2 and moved to the result section. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Illustrate in a new table the test results of the phenotypic MDR . I have developed a new table of MDR phenotypic test results identifying the antimicrobial classes of the antimicrobial agents used.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Illustrate the distribution of the carbapenemase genes among the recovered isolates in a new table. The distribution of carbapenemase genes among the recovered isolates is illustrated in a new table------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please increase the resolution of all figures (1200 dpi). I have increased the resolution. Hope it is clear now-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Where are the statistical analyses?Statistical analyzes for this study were designed using GraphPad Prism . The Chi-square test was applied to analyze the obtained data.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Discussion:-The discussion is too long and poor; the authors are advised to illustrate the real impact of their findings without repetition of results. I've shortened the discussion and deleted all the duplicates as much as I can-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Conclusion- Should be rephrased to be sounded. A real conclusion should focus on the question or claim you articulated in your study, whose resolution has been the main objective of your paper? The conclusion has been reformulated to be presented and includes the main resolution of my study.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reviewer #2: - The current study has a significant impact, but it needs a major revision:- The manuscript should be revised for grammar mistakes. I have checked for language editing and grammatical errors by native British speakers using online proofreading;Professional editing and proofreadingservices at your fingertipshttps://app.proofreadmyessay.co.uk/my-documents/-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The title is broad, please modify the title. I have modified and shortened the title -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------In the introduction: discuss the public health importance of the members of Enterobacteriaceae and other Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. The public health importance of the members of Enterobacteriaceae and other Gram-negative bacterial pathogens was discussed in the introduction part-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Improve the aim of work. The purpose of the work has improved------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Methods:-Transfer Table 1 to the results. I have moved the table to the resulting part-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Transfer the prevalence of bacterial species to the results section. I have moved the prevalence of bacterial pathogens to the results section.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Discuss the isolation and identification of the bacterial pathogens. The methods for isolating and identifying Gram-negative bacteria have been explained with adding specific references. Furthermore, I added a new table to identify 200 Gram-negative bacteria.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Specific references should be added to all the used methods and techniques. I added specific references to all the methods and techniques used-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Where is the statistical analysis?Statistical analyzes for this study were designed using GraphPad Prism . The Chi-square test was applied to analyze the obtained data.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Results:- Discuss the prevalence of the retrieved isolates in a new table.The results of the prevalence of bacterial pathogens isolated from the examined samples were added to a new table with a clear explanation in the text.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transfer Table 1 to the results Table 1 has been converted to Table 2 and moved to the result section.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please increase the resolution of all figures (1200 dpi). I have increased the resolution. Hope it is clear now------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Discussion:-Very long; please improveI've shortened and improved the discussion as much as I canAttachmentResponse to Reviewers30.08.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 29 Sep 2021PONE-D-21-22590R2Prevalence and characterisation of carbapenemase encoding\u00a0genes in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilliPLOS ONEDear Dr. haji,Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.==============================ACADEMIC EDITOR: Please address all the reviewer comments, it is your last chance./>==============================plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.Please submit your revised manuscript by Nov 13 2021 11:59PM. If you will need more time than this to complete your revisions, please reply to this message or contact the journal office at\u00a0A rebuttal letter that responds to each point raised by the academic editor and reviewer(s). You should upload this letter as a separate file labeled 'Response to Reviewers'.A marked-up copy of your manuscript that highlights changes made to the original version. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Revised Manuscript with Track Changes'.An unmarked version of your revised paper without tracked changes. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Manuscript'.Please include the following items when submitting your revised manuscript:If you would like to make changes to your financial disclosure, please include your updated statement in your cover letter. Guidelines for resubmitting your figure files are available below the reviewer comments at the end of this letter.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/submission-guidelines#loc-laboratory-protocols. Additionally, PLOS ONE offers an option for publishing peer-reviewed Lab Protocol articles, which describe protocols hosted on protocols.io. Read more information on sharing protocols at https://plos.org/protocols?utm_medium=editorial-email&utm_source=authorletters&utm_campaign=protocols.If applicable, we recommend that you deposit your laboratory protocols in protocols.io to enhance the reproducibility of your results. Protocols.io assigns your protocol its own identifier (DOI) so that it can be cited independently in the future. For instructions see: We look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.Kind regards,Abdelazeem Mohamed Algammal, Prof, Ph.DAcademic EditorPLOS ONE[Note: HTML markup is below. Please do not edit.]Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to QuestionsComments to the Author1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0(No Response)**********2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously? Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified.The Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********6. Review Comments to the AuthorPlease use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0In the introduction section the authors reported several recent studies in the following paragraph,however they have cited only one reference.. How??Please cite all references:Multidrug resistance has been increased globally that is considered public healththreat. Several recent studies reported the existence of multidrug-resistant bacterialpathogens from different origins including humans, poultry, cattle, and fish thatincrease the need for routine application of the antimicrobial susceptibility testing todetect the antibiotic of choice as well as screening of the emerging MDR strains. Youshould cite the following valuable studies:1-PMID: 331778492-PMID: 324979223-PMID:330614724-PMID: 339478755-PMID: 324722096-PMID: 32994450Lines 438- 505; please add specific references. The following sentence is found instead of refrences; please revise and correct.Error! Reference source not found..**********what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article  digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 7 Oct 2021Reviewer #1: In the introduction section the authors reported several recent studies in the following paragraph,however they have cited only one reference.. How??Please cite all references:________________________________________With my appreciation, I have referred to all of the following valuable studies as references in the introduction, material methods, and results in the manuscript.1-PMID: 33177849 reference number 302-PMID:33061472 reference number 33-PMID: 33947875 reference number 1 4-PMID: 32472209 reference number 225-PMID: 32994450 reference number 2________________________________________Lines 438- 505; please add specific references. The following sentence is found instead of refrences; please revise and correct. Error! Reference source not found. ________________________________________I have revised and corrected the error related to the reference source on lines 438-505.AttachmentResponse to Reviewers.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 11 Oct 2021Prevalence and characterisation of carbapenemase encoding\u00a0genes in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilliPONE-D-21-22590R3Dear Dr. haji,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Abdelazeem Mohamed Algammal, Prof, Ph.DAcademic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to QuestionsComments to the Author1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0All comments have been addressed**********2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously? Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified.The Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0Yes**********6. Review Comments to the AuthorPlease use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0The authors have carried out a significant changes to the manuscript. They have addressed all the suggested corrections and comments. Really, it's an interesting study that has a significant impact. Now, the manuscript could be accepted.Congratulations.**********what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.Reviewer #1:\u00a0No 21 Oct 2021PONE-D-21-22590R3 Prevalence and characterisation of carbapenemase encoding genes in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli Dear Dr. Haji:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofProfessor Abdelazeem Mohamed Algammal Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
{"text": "Open Biology would like to thank all reviewers who contributed their time by refereeing manuscripts submitted throughout 2021. From previous feedback, we know that most reviewers value recognition of their efforts by the journal and through services, such as Publons, which is integrated with Open Biology.The Editors of To provide an opportunity for recognition, we list the names of all reviewers who opted in. This article is made permanent and citable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure and grants or other forms of research assessment. Where you have provided it, we have included your ORCID, so your contribution can be unambiguously assigned to you.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2576-7959Acosta-Serrano A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1095-8445Ahmad K https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2285-5133Aldred N Ali FAllen Ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0868-8578Alvarsson A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4395-5232Andersen J Arimura YAzem ABallestrem CBarrachina FBerridge Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-1494Besteiro S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-495XBeynon R Bharti PBin ZBin ZBizard ABlanco-Aparicio CBloom KBodas MBoschetti CBose RBoukhatmi HBrown NBuchwalter Ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3780-8164Bulgakova N https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0038-1985Bunch H Caceres JCallaini GCamins ACampbell CCancio Ihttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2372-4848\u010capkov\u00e1 Frydrychov\u00e1 R Carmena ACasali Ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-7598Catic A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8701-4995Chamberlain L https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5974-1650Chan K-Y Chen FChen XChen XCheng C-WCheng Y-CClaereboudt Ehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0789-2633Claessen D Cohen NColgren Jhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8722-9371Contreras O https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9197-8041Cooper C Crow ACyert Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6671-7600D'Arcy P Deschenes Rhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-363XDougan S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1028-7397Du L-L Ducatelle Rhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-3982Duclos M Dundee MDyson PEl-Danaf RElia Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-5759Engstler M Erhardt SEst\u00e9vez Rhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3238-6692Etich J Farge GField CField MFiorani FFisher DFisher RForth J-HFranco SFukagawa TFukata Mhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5883-4433Fuller W https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-4087Funabiki H Galasko Dhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8914-7740Gallego-Delgado J Ganz JGardlik RGazouli MGershenzon JGodinho SGondim KGravholt Chttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9668-6497Gray R Griffiths Ghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4738-0173Grose R Gruneberg Uhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-5124Hadjantonakis A-K Hammarlund-Udenaes MHamza IHarwood JHemler MHiraoka YHochegger HHolehouse AHolmes MHolthoff Khttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4332-1640Hoskisson P https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0444-1017Hougland J Hunter TIlan NInestrosa NIsokawa MItzhaki LSJadavji Nhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7857-064XJakimowiz D Jin WJin ZJulien EKalsbeek AKathayat RKawaguchi S-YKawashima SKe HKeller SKerr I DKhan FHKim CKim JYhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6776-2451Kim JH Kloxin AMKoletas EKuan Y-SKuil Lhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4281-5884Kurita T Lackner KLanyon-Hogg TLax GLeigh Nhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7317-5651Liang S https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8097-7222Lin G https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7166-9233Loppin B https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7803-8442Lu Z Luty AJFMadrid MMakumi AMarasco DMarco AMartin FMartinez PMartinho RMassana RMcDougall Ahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4478-7584Knafo S Min Rhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-9294Moran Y Morrow ZMullin JMNetherton CNichols JNielsen ONodwell JNorton LOdone APawelec Ghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1425-9879Pestov D Pfanner NPlotkin MPolishchuk Rhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1507-0936Polymenis M Ranjit MRavindran VRhind NRigden DRikhy RRobinson DRoig Ihttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2493-3748Rudolph C https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-7299Sadej R Sakai DSapio RSanes JSango KSantocanale Chttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0311-0710Sarkar DS Sarko DSauer J-Dhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8999-5451Scheele C Schniepp HCSemenkovich CSeutin VShcherbata HSheng NShenolikar SShu XShutt TSidhu GSobrado PSoldati-Favre DSpencer SSt\u00fclke JSudhof TSusi PSwan ASwelum AA-ATan KTanaka KTandon RTate Ehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-1739Thatcher GRJ Thomas GTirloni LTodd Rhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5779-2449Tommasino M Tsubouchi Hhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3048-9241Utrilla J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1033-1335van der Giezen M van der Goot GVega JLVeit MVendetti SVincent BVlodavsky Ihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8730-0003Wang F Wang QWeissman KWeller SWestermann SWilkie Ihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4610-8397Williams RS Witte OWWolfner MYan AYan Bhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0969-5748Yuan X Zanetti GZechiedrich LZhang BZhang Fhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9733-8494Zhang X Zhao YZhu Ghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0609-8956Zille M The team really does appreciate all the work our reviewers do on behalf of the journal, and we look forward to working with you again in future."}
{"text": "Prostate cancer has been shown to be susceptible to significant stigmatisation, because to a large extent it is concealable, it has potentially embarrassing sexual symptoms and has significant impact on the psychosocial functioning.Opengrey.eu, were screened. We used thematic analysis, with narrative synthesis to analyse these data. We assessed risk of bias in the included studies using the RoBANS.This review included studies that focused on qualitative and/or quantitative data, where the study outcome was prostate cancer and included a measure of stigmatization. Electronic databases  and one database for grey literature In total, 18 studies met review inclusion criteria, incorporating a total of 2295 participants. All studies recruited participants with prostate cancer, however four studies recruited participants with other cancers such as breast cancer and lung cancer. Of the 18 studies, 11 studies evaluated perceived or felt stigma; four studies evaluated internalised or self-stigma; three studies evaluated more than one stigma domain.We found that patients living with prostate cancer encounter stigmatisation that relate to perception, internalisation, and discrimination experiences. We also identified several significant gaps related to the understanding of prostate cancer stigmatization, which provides an opportunity for future research to address these important public health issues.CRD42020177312.This systematic review protocol is registered with PROSPERO, the international prospective register of systematic reviews in health and social care. Registration number:  The SIS was used by five studies within the review , 42, 48 An additional limitation was a reliance on Western literature, many of the studies reported in this review were conducted in Western countries, therefore the voice of Eastern or other cultural settings is missing. This apparent bias in the literature could be accounted for by the incidence rate reported in different cultures for prostate cancer. A man living in North America is far more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer then a man living in South Central Asia for example . Hsing, This systematic review is the first to comprehensively review disease related stigmatization in patients living with prostate cancer, encompassing both qualitative and quantitative studies. Based on the results of this review, prostate cancer has been shown to be susceptible to significant stigmatisation, because to a large extent it is concealable, it has potentially embarrassing sexual symptoms and has potentially significant impact on the psychosocial functioning.Stigma has been a growing concern in cancer literature, and this study aimed to illuminate how prostate cancer stigmatisation relates to the lives of individuals experiencing the condition. Based on this research, there is clear rationale for further research exploring factors that influence or impede quality of life for prostate cancer patients, as a consequence of stigma.S1 Checklist(DOCX)Click here for additional data file. 29 Oct 2021 <div> PONE-D-21-26750 </div>  <div> A Systematic Review of Disease Related Stigmatization in Patients Living with Prostate Cancer </div>  <div> PLOS ONEDear Dr. Larkin, </div>  <div> Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. Therefore, we invite you to submit a revised version of the manuscript that addresses the points raised during the review process.plosone@plos.org. When you're ready to submit your revision, log on to https://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/ and select the 'Submissions Needing Revision' folder to locate your manuscript file.Please submit your revised manuscript by Dec 06 2021 11:59PM. If you will need more time than this to complete your revisions, please reply to this message or contact the journal office at\u00a0 </div> A rebuttal letter that responds to each point raised by the academic editor and reviewer(s). You should upload this letter as a separate file labeled 'Response to Reviewers'.A marked-up copy of your manuscript that highlights changes made to the original version. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Revised Manuscript with Track Changes'.An unmarked version of your revised paper without tracked changes. You should upload this as a separate file labeled 'Manuscript'. <div> If you would like to make changes to your financial disclosure, please include your updated statement in your cover letter. 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Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions? </font> The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0Yes**********\u00a0 <font color=\"black\"> 2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously?  </font> Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0N/A**********\u00a0 <font color=\"black\"> 3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). 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Review Comments to the Author </font> Please use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0Well constructed and written paper on an important topic.On page 3 the statement combining watchful waiting and active surveillance is not quite accurate. Watchful waiting is applicable to all cancer risk groups.Reviewer #2:\u00a0Please update referencing style as per journal guidelines.Abstract:Please do not begin your background paragraph with a statement about your methodology.Introduction:\u201cAlthough some men are diagnosed after the cancer has spread beyond the prostate, , advances in treatment options ensure that 78% of men survive prostate cancer for 10 or more years .\u201dWhat are the references for these stats?The second half of the introduction is informative and well-written.Methods:I enjoyed reading the methods section and the journey to final analysis and narrative-style review. Well done for a clear and transparent account of your search strategy and methods.Results and Discussion:Very little to fault. I have thoroughly enjoyed reading this review and am better informed as a result.I would suggest presenting the 3 major themes and sub-themes in a pictorial or easily accessible format as a figure so that readers can get a grasp of your findings rapidly. This will be the most effective and efficient way to get your message across.https://bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/bju.15159The second suggestion is to consider where your findings surrounding stigmatisation in prostate cancer fits into the survivorship essentials framework Limitations:I am interested in the authors\u2019 thoughts on stigmatisation around this chronic disease in a predominantly western culture and literature compared with an eastern or other cultural setting.Overall, I commend the authors on tackling this oft overlooked aspects of a very common disease.**********\u00a0 <font color=\"black\"> 6. 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Please note that Supporting Information files do not need this step. </div> While revising your submission, please upload your figure files to the Preflight Analysis and Conversion Engine (PACE) digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 29 Nov 2021Response to Reviewers We would like to thank the editorial team for taking the time and effort in considering our manuscript. We would particularly like to thank the two reviewers for their insightful comments. We have now taken on board all the comments from both reviewers and addressed each issue in turn below, without exception we have accepted and adopted the recommended changes. We now feel that the manuscript has been fundamentally improved, we therefore sincerely hope that with the changes made to the manuscript it can be once again considered for publication in PLOS ONE1. Please ensure that your manuscript meets PLOS ONE's style requirements, including those for file naming. The PLOS ONE style templates can be found at https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=wjVg/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_main_body.pdf and https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/file?id=ba62/PLOSOne_formatting_sample_title_authors_affiliations.pdf1. Response: Manuscript now meets PLOS ONE style requirements. Both the main body of the text and author affiliations have been updated. Larkin, D*1 \u00b6Birtle, A. J2&, Bradley, L1&, Dey, P3\u00b6, Martin, C.R4&, Pilkington, M5&, and Romero-Rivas, C6&1 Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Lancashire, UK2 Department of Oncology, Rosemere Cancer Centre, Lancashire Teaching  Hospitals, Preston, UK3 Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Lancashire, UK4 Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR), University of Hull, Hull, UK5 Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK6 Department of Evolutive and Educational Psychology, AUM, Madrid, Spain *Corresponding author information: Derek.Larkin@edgehill.ac.ukE-mail: \u00b6These authors contributed equally to this work& These authors also contributed equally to this work--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Thank you for stating the following in the Acknowledgments / Support Section of your manuscript: This research was supported by Research Investment Fund (RIF) Edge Hill University. Please note that funding information should not appear in the Acknowledgments section or other areas of your manuscript. We will only publish funding information present in the Funding Statement section of the online submission form. 2A: Please remove any funding-related text from the manuscript and let us know how you would like to update your Funding Statement. Currently, your Funding Statement reads as follows: 2A. Response: This funding statement has been removed from the manuscript. Please change the funding statement to the following text. \u201cThis project received funding from Edge Hill University to undertake this research. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.\u201d--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2B. Please include your amended statements within your cover letter; we will change the online submission form on your behalf. 2B. Response: The following text now appears in the cover letter. \u201cThis project received funding from Edge Hill University to undertake this research. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.\u201d--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------plosone@plos.org with a request to remove this option.3. Please note that in order to use the direct billing option the corresponding author must be affiliated with the chosen institute. Please either amend your manuscript to change the affiliation or corresponding author or email us at 3. Response: It\u2019s our understanding that Edge Hill University has an agreement with PLOS ONE so that Edge Hill University will partly or fully pay the fees as a member of PLOS institutional accounting program The corresponding author (Dr Derek Larkin) is a full-time employee of Edge Hill University. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------http://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/supporting-information. 4. Please include captions for your Supporting Information files at the end of your manuscript, and update any in-text citations to match accordingly. Please see our Supporting Information guidelines for more information: 4. Response: The captions have been added to both the tables and the figure. Labels have been labelled as Table 1, 2 & 3 Figure 1 & 2 These have I\u2019ve also been updated within the text.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. Please review your reference list to ensure that it is complete and correct. If you have cited papers that have been retracted, please include the rationale for doing so in the manuscript text, or remove these references and replace them with relevant current references. Any changes to the reference list should be mentioned in the rebuttal letter that accompanies your revised manuscript. If you need to cite a retracted article, indicate the article\u2019s retracted status in the References list and also include a citation and full reference for the retraction notice.5. Response: To the best of the authors knowledge none of the papers have been retracted and none of the references have been removed, we have however included a subsequent reference in response to reviewers\u2019 comments. References have been updated to conform to PLOS ONE citations, using the downloadable plug-in for Endnote. Additional references added in response to reviewer\u2019s comment. 60. Dunn J, Green A, Ralph N, Newton RU, Kneebone A, Frydenberg M, et al. Prostate cancer survivorship essentials framework: guidelines for practitioners. BJU International 2020. doi:10.1111/bju.15159.63. Taitt HE. Global trends and prostate cancer: a review of incidence, detection, and mortality as influenced by race, ethnicity, and geographic location. Am J Men's Health. 2018;12(6):1807-23. doi:10.1177/1557988318798279.64. Hsing AW, Tsao L, Devesa SS. International trends and patterns of prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Int J Cancer. 2000;85(1):60-7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(20000101)85:1<60::AID-IJC11>3.0.CO;2-B.65. Akin-Odanye EO, Husman AJ. Impact of stigma and stigma-focused interventions on screening and treatment outcomes in cancer patients. Ecancermedicalscience. 2021. doi:10.3332/ecancer.2021.1308.66. Nyblade L, Stockton M, Travasso S, Krishnan S. A qualitative exploration of cervical and breast cancer stigma in Karnataka, India. BMC women's health. 2017;17(1):1-15. doi:10.1186/s12905-017-0407-x.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Comments to the Author6 Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1: YesReviewer #2: YesResponse: no response required--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously? Reviewer #1: YesReviewer #2: N/AResponse: no response required--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?The PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified.Reviewer #1: YesReviewer #2: YesResponse: no response required--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1: YesReviewer #2: YesResponse: no response required-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10. Review Comments to the AuthorReviewer #1: Well-constructed and written paper on an important topic.10A On page 3 the statement combining watchful waiting and active surveillance is not quite accurate. Watchful waiting is applicable to all cancer risk groups.10A Response: Thank you for this helpful comment we have now removed the phrase \u201cactive surveillance\u201d from the sentence. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10B Reviewer #2: Please update referencing style as per journal guidelines.10B Response: References have been updated to conform to PLOS ONE citations, using the downloadable plug-in for Endnote. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10C Abstract:Please do not begin your background paragraph with a statement about your methodology.10C Response: The sentence \u201cWe systematically review the scientific literature on stigma as it relates to prostate cancer across three principal domains: perception, internalisation, and discrimination experiences.\u201d Has now been removed from the background paragraph. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10D Introduction:\u201cAlthough some men are diagnosed after the cancer has spread beyond the prostate, , advances in treatment options ensure that 78% of men survive prostate cancer for 10 or more years .\u201dWhat are the references for these stats?https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/prostate-cancer10D Response: These stats came from cancer research UK Additional reference added in response to reviewer\u2019s comment. https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer- type/prostate-cancer5. Cancer Research UK. Prostate Cancer Statistics 2021 [cited 2021 August]. Available from: The second half of the introduction is informative and well-written.Methods:I enjoyed reading the methods section and the journey to final analysis and narrative-style review. Well done for a clear and transparent account of your search strategy and methods.Results and Discussion:Very little to fault. I have thoroughly enjoyed reading this review and am better informed as a result.Response: no response required--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10E I would suggest presenting the 3 major themes and sub-themes in a pictorial or easily accessible format as a figure so that readers can get a grasp of your findings rapidly. This will be the most effective and efficient way to get your message across.10E Response: Thank you for this helpful suggestion we have now designed a figure that outlines the three major themes Labelled Figure 2-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------https://bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/bju.1515910F The second suggestion is to consider where your findings surrounding stigmatisation in prostate cancer fits into the survivorship essentials framework 10F Response: Many thanks for this suggestion we have considered the framework and have added an extra passage linking the framework to the current review. \u201cIn 2020 a framework in which six major descriptions for men's current prostate cancer survivorship experience emerged: dealing with side effects; challenging; medically focused; uncoordinated; unmet needs; and anxious [60]. There was a total of 26 survivorship elements determined across six domains: health promotion and advocacy; shared management; vigilance; personal agency; care coordination; and evidence-based survivorship interventions. Stigmatisation is not directly addressed in the framework, however, topics raised within the current review are, such as psychosocial functioning, masculinity, social support, and quality of life. Stigmatisation therefore maps across a number of the domains within Dunn et al. [60] framework, clearly demonstrating the pervasive and encompassing nature of prostate cancer stigmatisation.\u201d --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10G Limitations:I am interested in the authors\u2019 thoughts on stigmatisation around this chronic disease in a predominantly western culture and literature compared with an eastern or other cultural setting.10G Response: Would like to thank the reviewer for the suggestion. We have added a small section within the limitations section of the paper, discussing the lack of literature on prostate cancer stigmatisation across different cultures. \u201cAn additional limitation was a reliance on Western literature, many of the studies reported in this review were conducted in Western countries, therefore the voice of Eastern or other cultural settings is missing. This apparent bias in the literature could be accounted for by the incidence rate reported in different cultures for prostate cancer. A man living in North America is far more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer then a man living in South Central Asia for example [63]. Hsing, Tsao and Devesa [64] hypothesised that differences in incidence and mortality rates reported for numerous countries could be the result of underdiagnosis, underreporting, disparities in screening practices, disparities in health-care access, gaps in knowledge and awareness, and attitudes toward prostate cancer and associated screening, and cancer stigma. This last point is a very important issue, since for example in African countries such as Nigeria, patients with cancer who faced stigma were more likely to conceal their diagnosis and seek medical care later, while cancer stigma primarily resulted in adverse psychosocial outcomes for patients Akin-Odanye and Husman [65]. In addition, experiences related to stigmatization may change across cultures. For example, in a study conducted in Karnataka, India, breast or cervical cancer stigma was defined in terms of both actual (enacted) stigma, such as seclusion or verbal stigma, and perceived (fear of) stigma, in the event that a cancer diagnosis was reported [66]. But, in short, there is a gap in the scientific literature about how cancer-related stigmatization is modulated across cultures, and on how interventions could be carried out in non-Western cultures.\u201d--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10H Overall, I commend the authors on tackling this oft overlooked aspects of a very common disease.Response: no response required--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AttachmentResponse to reviewers.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 6 Dec 2021A Systematic Review of Disease Related Stigmatization in Patients Living with Prostate Cancer.PONE-D-21-26750R1Dear Dr. Larkin,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. 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For more information, please contact Kind regards,Henry WooAcademic EditorPLOS ONE 9 Dec 2021PONE-D-21-26750R1 A Systematic Review of Disease Related Stigmatization in Patients Living with Prostate Cancer. Dear Dr. Larkin:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. 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We hope it will be an easier year."}
{"text": "Syndecan-1 is found in the endothelial glycocalyx and is released into the bloodstream during stressed conditions, including severe diseases such as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the prognostic value of serum syndecan-1 concentration in patients with heart failure upon admission. Serum syndecan-1 concentration was analyzed in 152 patients who were hospitalized for worsening heart failure from September 2017 to June 2018. The primary outcome of the study was readmission-free survival, defined as the time from the first admission to readmission for worsened heart failure or death from any cause, which was assessed at 30 months after discharge from the hospital. The secondary outcome of the study was survival time. Blood samples and echocardiogram data were analyzed. Univariate and multivariable time-dependent Cox regression analyses adjusted for age, creatinine levels, and use of antibiotics were conducted. The serum syndecan-1 concentration was significantly associated with readmission-free survival. Subsequently, the syndecan-1 concentration may have gradually decreased with treatment. The administration of human atrial natriuretic peptide and antibiotics may have modified the relationship between readmission-free survival and serum syndecan-1 concentration . Serum syndecan-1 concentrations, which may indicate injury to the endothelial glycocalyx, predict readmission-free survival in patients with heart failure. Decompensated heart failure is defined as a clinical syndrome in which a structural or functional change in the heart leads to its inability to eject and/or accommodate blood within the physiological pressure levels . As the Currently, risk stratification of patients with non-ischemic heart failure is commonly based on clinical parameters, such as the New York Heart Association class; echocardiographic parameters, such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); and blood markers, such as the level of a 76-amino acid N-terminal fragment in the prohormone called B-type natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide , 4. HowePleural effusions are commonly recognized in patients with congestive heart failure. Transudative pleural effusion is caused by various factors such as increasing capillary hydrostatic pressure or decreasing colloid oncotic pressure.The sugar\u2013protein glycocalyx covers the surface of a healthy vascular endothelium \u201313 and mThe endothelial glycocalyx consists of cell-bound proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycan side chains, and sialoproteins \u201325. ProtTherefore, in this study, we investigated the prognostic value of serum syndecan-1 concentration upon admission in patients with heart failure.Patients who were hospitalized at Gifu Heart Center due to worsening heart failure between September 2017 and June 2018 were included in this study. Those who were <20 years old and/or had acute coronary syndrome, malignant tumor, liver cirrhosis, collagen disease, and hemodialysis were excluded from the analysis. Overall, 152 patients were enrolled in this study, and 784 samples were obtained.Demographic and clinical data, including medical and medication histories, were collected. The following data were included in the time-dependent Cox regression model: age, sex, serum albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre) concentration, sodium, potassium, chlorine, C-reactive protein, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), white blood cell number, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, hematocrit (Ht), hemoglobin A1c, left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd), left ventricular systolic diameter (LVDs), interventricular septum thickness (IVST), posterior wall thickness (PWT), LVEF, left atrial dimension (LAD), left atrial volume index (LAVI), and the diameter of the inferior vena cava (IVC).Echocardiography was performed at the time of admission. Blood samples were obtained when the physician deemed it necessary, and they were collected into the sample collection tube with a serum separating medium. The serum was collected and preserved in a freezer at \u221280 \u00b0C. Serum syndecan-1 concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay . Sequential samples from the same patient were examined in the same enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plate to avoid inter-assay variability. The primary outcome of the study was readmission-free survival, defined as the time from the first admission to readmission for worsened heart failure or death from any cause, which was assessed at 30 months after discharge from the hospital. The secondary outcome of the study was survival time.Descriptive statistics are presented as frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and as medians with interquartile ranges for continuous variables. For the time-to-event analyses, enrolled patients were monitored from the study initiation until December 2019. Cumulative readmission-free survival rates, stratified by median of serum syndecan-1 concentration at baseline, were obtained with Kaplan\u2013Meier estimation. To assess the effect of serum syndecan-1 concentration on readmission-free survival time and mortality, time-dependent Cox proportional hazards multivariable regression analyses were performed. Covariates in the model, including age , 33, Crehttps://www.R-project.org/.).Furthermore, to assess whether the effects of serum syndecan-1 concentration were modified by blood and echocardiogram parameters, a cross-product term between serum syndecan-1 concentration and variables of parameters was included in the time-dependent Cox regression  analysis. A two-sided significance level of 0.05 was used for all statistical inferences. All data analyses were performed using the R statistical software, version 3.6.2  and 239 (\u226533.48 ng/mL) days . The medThe average concentration of syndecan-1 in serum was 72.4 ng/mL  upon admission, which peaked at 101.21 ng/mL  at 2.77 days after admission. Subsequently, the syndecan-1 concentration decreased gradually, probably as a result of treatment .human atrial natriuretic peptide and antibiotics appeared to modify the relationship between readmission-free survival and serum syndecan-1 concentration  was higher in patients with heart failure than in healthy subjects from previous reports , 2) respA previous study has also reported that syndecan-1 concentration was associated with clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure and with preserved ejection fraction . The serSyndecan-1 exists on the surface of several cell types \u201341. A prConversely, syndecan-1 exists on the surface of systemic vascular endothelial cells and may be released into the serum because of various reasons , 43. BecSeveral factors modified the relationship between readmission-free survival and serum syndecan-1 concentration. Increased syndecan-1 concentration after administration of hANP may indicate unsatisfactory control of congestion. Using antibiotics may pose complications of infection such as pneumonia. Moreover, increased ALT and AST concentrations may represent congestive hepatopathy.Low CK and BUN concentrations also appeared to modify the relationship due to heart failure in patients with low syndecan-1 concentration. These parameters may indicate low nutrition status. Patients with heart failure often suffer from muscle atrophy because of chronic low nutrition and frailty . In factThe present study also showed that Hb and Ht modified the relationship between readmission-free survival and serum syndecan-1 concentration. This may be because the hemoconcentration increased wall shear stress and degraded endothelial glycocalyx , 48, whiMoreover, echocardiography revealed that PWT and LAVI modified the relationship between readmission-free survival and serum syndecan-1 concentration. We believe that these parameters have a direct relationship with heart failure. Left ventricular hypertrophy has a strong relationship with cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and sudden death , 50. IncHere, we used the time-dependent Cox regression model to account for multiple measurements on a person . This moAs a limitation of the present work, the patients included in the study were not classified according to the New York Heart Association functional classification. However, our aim was not to create a diagnostic model but to evaluate the association between syndecan-1 concentration and outcome. In addition, the sample size was small, and data were obtained from a single institution. Therefore, further large scale studies are needed to confirm our findings.In conclusion, serum syndecan-1 concentrations, which may indicate injury to the endothelial glycocalyx, can predict readmission-free survival in patients with heart failure. Additionally, the syndecan-1 concentration may be a fluid volume marker for heart failure and may be useful in its management.S1 Fig(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S1 Table(DOCX)Click here for additional data file.S2 Table(DOCX)Click here for additional data file.S3 Table(DOCX)Click here for additional data file. 12 Jul 2021PONE-D-21-12372Serum syndecan-1 concentration in hospitalized patients with heart failure may predict readmission-free survivalPLOS ONEDear Dr. Okada,Thank you for submitting your manuscript to PLOS ONE. After careful consideration, we feel that it has merit but does not fully meet PLOS ONE\u2019s publication criteria as it currently stands. 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If your ethics statement is written in any section besides the Methods, please delete it from any other section.Additional Editor Comments (if provided):[Note: HTML markup is below. Please do not edit.]Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to QuestionsComments to the Author1. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Partly**********2. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously? Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes**********3. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified.The Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes**********4. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0NoReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes**********5. Review Comments to the AuthorPlease use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0the Authors examined if circulating values of syndecan-1, a protein released from the endothelial glicocalix into the bloodstream following endothelial damage, holds prognostic significance in patients with acute heart failure. Although the study is original, the study has important limitations that do not allow a meaningful interpretation of results. First, this is a retrospective study evaluating a small number of patients from a single center. Second, readmission-free survival was defined as the time to readmission for worsened heart failure or death from any cause, which is not acceptable. Third, the model for multivariable adjustment was arbitrarily selected and did not include established outcome predictors such as natriuretic peptides or left ventricular ejection fraction.Reviewer #2:\u00a0The paper presents some originality concerning association of syndecan-1 concentration and patients readmission-free survival. Statistical methods are valid, correctly applied, and sufficiently documented to allow replication studies.If it is possible for authors to explain why did they choose antibiotics for univariate and multivariable time-dependent Cox regression analyses adjustments, instead of heart failure medication? And to outline why did the participants in the study used antibiotics at al, because this kind of therapy may interfere with the results, e.g. syndecan-1 plasma concentration. The authors should also check the abbreviations in the text. I also recommend that data should not be repeated in the tables and in the body text, . The authors may update the reference list with this relevant publication about syndecan-1 in heart failure patients.Mitic VT, Stojanovic DR, Deljanin Ilic MZ, Stojanovic MM, Petrovic DB, Ignjatovic AM, Stefanovic NZ, Kocic GM, Bojanic VV.Cardiac Remodeling Biomarkers as Potential Circulating Markers of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.Tohoku J Exp Med. 2020;250(4):233-242The writing should be improved, and if it is possible for authors, to be softer than it is now. However, the overall quality of the paper is good, and with particular changes it may be considered for publication.Reviewer #3:\u00a0The authors presented an elegant study of the role of Sydecan-1 in predicting death and readmission from heart failure. But the authors did not adequately characterize these patients. I think the hemodynamic profile and the echocardiographic characteristics should be included in the article.Aldo I would like to know why the authors chose values \u200b\u200babove and below the Sydecan-1 median to determine groups.**********what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.6. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article  digital diagnostic tool,\u00a0 24 Sep 2021Responses to the reviewers\u2019 commentsReviewer #1: Comment 1: Although the study is original, the study has important limitations that do not allow a meaningful interpretation of results. First, this is a retrospective study evaluating a small number of patients from a single center. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: Thank you for critically reviewing our manuscript. As pointed out, we have added the aforementioned limitations in the Discussion section of the revised manuscript at the following instance:Page 23, lines 316\u2013318: \u201cIn addition, the sample size was small and data were obtained from a single institution. Therefore, further large scale studies are needed to confirm our findings.\u201dComment 2: Readmission-free survival was defined as the time to readmission for worsened heart failure or death from any cause, which is not acceptable. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: We apologize for the insufficient information. We have revised the definition of readmission-free survival in the revised manuscript as follows:Page 9, lines 120\u2013123: \u201cThe primary outcome of the study was readmission-free survival, defined as the time from the first admission to readmission for worsened heart failure or death from any cause, which was assessed at 30 months after discharge from the hospital.\u201dComment 3: The model for multivariable adjustment was arbitrarily selected and did not include established outcome predictors such as natriuretic peptides or left ventricular ejection fraction.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: Thank you for a critical comment. Several previous reports have revealed that serum syndecan-1 concentration is influenced by infection . Therefore, to exclude the effect of infection due to endothelial glycocalyx injury, we chose to consider antibiotic use as a confounding factor for univariate and multivariable time-dependent Cox regression analyses. We also needed to avoid overfitting to ensure the reproducibility of our results. Since overfitting can be avoided if the number of events is less than or equal to the number of events divided by 10, it was necessary to limit the number of variables to a factor +3 adjustment variables (Reviewer-only reference).Furthermore, the reason for choosing age and creatinine as confounding factors is that syndecan-1 concentration in serum is affected by these factors [reference numbers 32\u201336 in the revised manuscript].\u3000 Conversely, a previous study has reported that syndecan-1 cannot predict readmission in patients of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [reference number 30 in the revised manuscript].Considering the priority of the effect on readmission, only age, creatinine level, and antibiotic use were considered as confounding factors.We have added this explanation and relevant references in the revised manuscript as follows:Page 10, lines 133\u2013135: \u201cCovariates in the model, including age , Cre [33\u201336], and antibiotic use, indicating the presence of an infectious disease , were selected a priori for their clinical relevance.\u201dRevised references18. Chelazzi C, Villa G, Mancinelli P, De Gaudio AR, Adembri C. Glycocalyx and sepsis-induced alterations in vascular permeability. Crit Care. 2015;19:26. Epub 2015/04/19. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0741-z. PubMed PMID: 25887223; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4308932.27. Ostrowski SR, Haase N, Muller RB, Moller MH, Pott FC, Perner A, et al. Association between biomarkers of endothelial injury and hypocoagulability in patients with severe sepsis: a prospective study. Crit Care. 2015;19:191. Epub 2015/04/25. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0918-5. PubMed PMID: 25907781; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4423170.28. Puskarich MA, Cornelius DC, Tharp J, Nandi U, Jones AE. Plasma syndecan-1 levels identify a cohort of patients with severe sepsis at high risk for intubation after large-volume intravenous fluid resuscitation. J Crit Care. 2016;36:125-9. Epub 2016/11/05. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.06.027. PubMed PMID: 27546760; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6371967.30. Tromp J, van der Pol A, Klip IT, de Boer RA, Jaarsma T, van Gilst WH, et al. Fibrosis marker syndecan-1 and outcome in patients with heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Circ Heart Fail. 2014;7(3):457-62. Epub 2014/03/22. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000846. PubMed PMID: 24647119.32. Machin DR, Bloom SI, Campbell RA, Phuong TTT, Gates PE, Lesniewski LA, et al. Advanced age results in a diminished endothelial glycocalyx. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2018;315(3):H531-H9. Epub 2018/05/12. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00104.2018. PubMed PMID: 29750566; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6172638.33. Oda K, Okada H, Suzuki A, Tomita H, Kobayashi R, Sumi K, et al. Factors Enhancing Serum Syndecan-1 Concentrations: A Large-Scale Comprehensive Medical Examination. J Clin Med. 2019;8(9). Epub 2019/08/30. doi: 10.3390/jcm8091320. PubMed PMID: 31462009; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6780947.34. Liborio AB, Braz MB, Seguro AC, Meneses GC, Neves FM, Pedrosa DC, et al. Endothelial glycocalyx damage is associated with leptospirosis acute kidney injury. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015;92(3):611-6. Epub 2015/01/28. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0232. PubMed PMID: 25624405; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4350560.35. Padberg JS, Wiesinger A, di Marco GS, Reuter S, Grabner A, Kentrup D, et al. Damage of the endothelial glycocalyx in chronic kidney disease. Atherosclerosis. 2014;234(2):335-43. Epub 2014/04/15. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.03.016. PubMed PMID: 24727235.36. Suzuki K, Okada H, Sumi K, Tomita H, Kobayashi R, Ishihara T, et al. Serum syndecan-1 reflects organ dysfunction in critically ill patients. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):8864. Epub 2021/04/25. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88303-7. PubMed PMID: 33893369; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8065146.37. Burke-Gaffney A, Evans TW. Lest we forget the endothelial glycocalyx in sepsis. Crit Care. 2012;16(2):121. Epub 2012/04/13. doi: 10.1186/cc11239. PubMed PMID: 22494667; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3681368.Reviewer-only referencePeduzzi P, Concato J, Feinstein A, Holford TR. Importance of events per independent variable in proportional hazards regression analysis. II. Accuracy and precision of regression estimates. J Clin Epidemiol. 1995;48(12):1503-10.\u2003Reviewer #2: Comment 1: If it is possible for authors to explain why did they choose antibiotics for univariate and multivariable time-dependent Cox regression analyses adjustments, instead of heart failure medication? And to outline why did the participants in the study used antibiotics at all, because this kind of therapy may interfere with the results, e.g., syndecan-1 plasma concentration. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: Thank you for a critical comment. Several previous reports have revealed that serum syndecan-1 concentration is influenced by infection . Therefore, to exclude the effect of infection due to endothelial glycocalyx injury, we chose to consider antibiotic use as a confounding factor for univariate and multivariable time-dependent Cox regression analyses. We also needed to avoid overfitting to ensure the reproducibility of our results. Since overfitting can be avoided if the number of events is less than or equal to the number of events divided by 10, it was necessary to limit the number of variables to a factor +3 adjustment variables (Reviewer-only reference).Furthermore, the reason for choosing age and creatinine as confounding factors is that syndecan-1 concentration in serum is affected by these factors [reference numbers 32\u201336 in the revised manuscript].\u3000 Conversely, a previous study has reported that syndecan-1 cannot predict readmission in patients of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [reference number 30 in the revised manuscript].Considering the priority of the effect on readmission, only age, creatinine level, and antibiotic use were considered as confounding factors.We have added this explanation and relevant references in the revised manuscript as follows:Page 10, lines 133\u2013135: \u201cCovariates in the model, including age , Cre [33\u201336], and antibiotic use, indicating the presence of an infectious disease , were selected a priori for their clinical relevance.\u201dRevised references18. Chelazzi C, Villa G, Mancinelli P, De Gaudio AR, Adembri C. Glycocalyx and sepsis-induced alterations in vascular permeability. Crit Care. 2015;19:26. Epub 2015/04/19. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0741-z. PubMed PMID: 25887223; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4308932.27. Ostrowski SR, Haase N, Muller RB, Moller MH, Pott FC, Perner A, et al. Association between biomarkers of endothelial injury and hypocoagulability in patients with severe sepsis: a prospective study. Crit Care. 2015;19:191. Epub 2015/04/25. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0918-5. PubMed PMID: 25907781; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4423170.28. Puskarich MA, Cornelius DC, Tharp J, Nandi U, Jones AE. Plasma syndecan-1 levels identify a cohort of patients with severe sepsis at high risk for intubation after large-volume intravenous fluid resuscitation. J Crit Care. 2016;36:125-9. Epub 2016/11/05. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.06.027. PubMed PMID: 27546760; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6371967.32. Machin DR, Bloom SI, Campbell RA, Phuong TTT, Gates PE, Lesniewski LA, et al. Advanced age results in a diminished endothelial glycocalyx. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2018;315(3):H531-H9. Epub 2018/05/12. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00104.2018. PubMed PMID: 29750566; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6172638.33. Oda K, Okada H, Suzuki A, Tomita H, Kobayashi R, Sumi K, et al. Factors Enhancing Serum Syndecan-1 Concentrations: A Large-Scale Comprehensive Medical Examination. J Clin Med. 2019;8(9). Epub 2019/08/30. doi: 10.3390/jcm8091320. PubMed PMID: 31462009; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6780947.34. Liborio AB, Braz MB, Seguro AC, Meneses GC, Neves FM, Pedrosa DC, et al. Endothelial glycocalyx damage is associated with leptospirosis acute kidney injury. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015;92(3):611-6. Epub 2015/01/28. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0232. PubMed PMID: 25624405; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4350560.35. Padberg JS, Wiesinger A, di Marco GS, Reuter S, Grabner A, Kentrup D, et al. Damage of the endothelial glycocalyx in chronic kidney disease. Atherosclerosis. 2014;234(2):335-43. Epub 2014/04/15. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.03.016. PubMed PMID: 24727235.36. Suzuki K, Okada H, Sumi K, Tomita H, Kobayashi R, Ishihara T, et al. Serum syndecan-1 reflects organ dysfunction in critically ill patients. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):8864. Epub 2021/04/25. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88303-7. PubMed PMID: 33893369; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8065146.37. Burke-Gaffney A, Evans TW. Lest we forget the endothelial glycocalyx in sepsis. Crit Care. 2012;16(2):121. Epub 2012/04/13. doi: 10.1186/cc11239. PubMed PMID: 22494667; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3681368.Reviewer-only referencePeduzzi P, Concato J, Feinstein A, Holford TR. Importance of events per independent variable in proportional hazards regression analysis. II. Accuracy and precision of regression estimates. J Clin Epidemiol. 1995;48(12):1503-10.Comment 2: The authors should also check the abbreviations in the text. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: Thank you for thoroughly reviewing our manuscript. We have checked all the abbreviations in the text. Moreover, we have defined abbreviations of the following terms in the revised manuscript for improving readability: left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),\u3000aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), posterior wall thickness (PWT), left atrial volume index (LAVI), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass gr,afting (CABG), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II receptor blocker (ABR), left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd), left ventricular systolic diameter (LVDs), interventricular septum thickness (IVST), and hazard ratios (HRs).Comment 3: I also recommend that data should not be repeated in the tables and in the body text, . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: Per your suggestion, we have deleted some sentences in the revised manuscript to avoid redundancy.Comment 4: The authors may update the reference list with this relevant publication about syndecan-1 in heart failure patients. Mitic VT, Stojanovic DR, Deljanin Ilic MZ, Stojanovic MM, Petrovic DB, Ignjatovic AM, Stefanovic NZ, Kocic GM, Bojanic VV. Cardiac Remodeling Biomarkers as Potential Circulating Markers of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.Tohoku J Exp Med. 2020;250(4):233-242--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: Thank you for the suggestion. We have added this reference as reference number 31 in the revised manuscript. It has been cited at the following instance:Page 7, lines 89\u201391: \u201cAdditionally, it has been suggested that syndecan-1 is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [31].New reference31. Mitic VT, Stojanovic DR, Deljanin Ilic MZ, Stojanovic MM, Petrovic DB, Ignjatovic AM, et al. Cardiac Remodeling Biomarkers as Potential Circulating Markers of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2020;250(4):233-42. Epub 2020/04/17. doi: 10.1620/tjem.250.233. PubMed PMID: 32295985.Comment 5: The writing should be improved, and if it is possible for authors, to be softer than it is now. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: We have got our revised manuscript checked and proofread by a professional English language editing service. We have attached the certificate of editing for your kind perusal.\u2003Reviewer #3: Comment 1: I think the hemodynamic profile and the echocardiographic characteristics should be included in the article.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: Thank you for a critical suggestion. We have included these data in Table 1 in the revised manuscript. The revised table is given below and the additions are shown in red font.Table 1: Patients\u2019 DemographicsCharacteristics N=152Age (years), median (IQR) 76 (68\u201385)Sex , n (%) 58 (38.2) / 94 (61.8)Follow-up time per patient (days), median (IQR) 23 (11\u2013230)Number of measurements per patient, median (IQR) 4 (3\u20136)Death, n (%) 21 (13.8)Readmission, n (%) 46 (30.3)Basal heart disease, n (%)  Hypertensive heart disease 26 (17.1) Ischemic heart disease (post-PCI) 21 (13.8) Ischemic heart disease (post-CABG) 12 (8.9) Ischemic heart disease (conservative treatment) 7 (4.6) Arrhythmia (tachycardia) 20 (13.2) Arrhythmia (bradycardia) 1 (0.7) Dilated cardiomyopathy 17 (11.2) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 5 (3.3) Other cardiomyopathy 6 (4.0) Aortic valve stenosis (post-operation) 6 (4.0) Aortic valve stenosis (conservative treatment) 3 (2.0) Aortic valve insufficiency (post-operation) 1 (0.7) Aortic valve insufficiency (conservative treatment) 5 (3.3) Mitral valve insufficiency (post-operation) 3 (2.0) Mitral valve insufficiency (conservative treatment) 8 (5.3) Tricuspid valve insufficiency (conservative treatment) 3 (2.0) Congestive disease 2 (1.3) Other 6 (3.9)Medication, n (%)  Beta blocker 123 (80.9) ACE inhibitor/ARB 100 (65.8) Statin 61 (40.1)Antiplatelet 65 (42.8)Anticoagulant 76 (50.0)Loop diuretic 136 (89.5)Spironolactone 100 (65.8)Tolvaptan 60 (39.5)Catecholamine 23 (15.1)Human atrial natriuretic peptide 96 (63.2)Antibiotic 43 (28.3)Echocardiographic characteristics, median (IQR) LVDd (mm) 53.2 (46.0\u201358.1)LVDs (mm) 41.4 (30.4\u201351.0)IVST (mm) 9.0 (8.3\u20139.7)PWT (mm) 9.3 (8.4\u201310.2)LVEF (%) 40.5 (25.6\u201359.6)LAD (mm) 46.7 (43.7\u201352.0)LAVI 60.2 (47.4\u201367.7)IVC (mm) 8.6 (6.4\u201312.1)IQR: interquartile range, PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting, ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme, ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker, LVDd: left ventricular diastolic diameter, LVDs: left ventricular systolic diameter, IVST: interventricular septum thickness, PWT: posterior wall thickness, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, LAD: left atrial dimension, LAVI: left atrial volume index, IVC: diameter of the inferior vena cava.Comment 2: I would like to know why the authors chose values above and below the Sydecan-1 median to determine groups.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Response: There are three reasons for dividing patients into high and low syndecan-1 concentration groups stratified by the median value. First, a standard criterion has not yet been established for dividing patients based on syndecan-1 concentration in serum. Second, because syndecan-1 has a skewed distribution, it was necessary to use a robust index that is not affected by outliers. Third, stratification by the median value gives the highest statistical power because the sample size in each group would be equal.Attachment080521_Response_to_Reviewer.docxSubmitted filename: Click here for additional data file. 9 Nov 2021Serum syndecan-1 concentration in hospitalized patients with heart failure may predict readmission-free survivalPONE-D-21-12372R1Dear Dr. Okada,We\u2019re pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been judged scientifically suitable for publication and will be formally accepted for publication once it meets all outstanding technical requirements.Within one week, you\u2019ll receive an e-mail detailing the required amendments. When these have been addressed, you\u2019ll receive a formal acceptance letter and your manuscript will be scheduled for publication.http://www.editorialmanager.com/pone/, click the 'Update My Information' link at the top of the page, and double check that your user information is up-to-date. If you have any billing related questions, please contact our Author Billing department directly at authorbilling@plos.org.An invoice for payment will follow shortly after the formal acceptance. To ensure an efficient process, please log into Editorial Manager at onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please notify them about your upcoming paper to help maximize its impact. If they\u2019ll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team as soon as possible -- no later than 48 hours after receiving the formal acceptance. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information, please contact Kind regards,Vincenzo Lionetti, M.D., PhDAcademic EditorPLOS ONEAdditional Editor Comments :Reviewers' comments:Reviewer's Responses to QuestionsComments to the Author1. If the authors have adequately addressed your comments raised in a previous round of review and you feel that this manuscript is now acceptable for publication, you may indicate that here to bypass the \u201cComments to the Author\u201d section, enter your conflict of interest statement in the \u201cConfidential to Editor\u201d section, and submit your \"Accept\" recommendation.Reviewer #1:\u00a0All comments have been addressedReviewer #2:\u00a0All comments have been addressedReviewer #3:\u00a0All comments have been addressed**********2. Is the manuscript technically sound, and do the data support the conclusions?The manuscript must describe a technically sound piece of scientific research with data that supports the conclusions. Experiments must have been conducted rigorously, with appropriate controls, replication, and sample sizes. The conclusions must be drawn appropriately based on the data presented. Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes**********3. Has the statistical analysis been performed appropriately and rigorously? Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes**********4. Have the authors made all data underlying the findings in their manuscript fully available?PLOS Data policy requires authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception (please refer to the Data Availability Statement in the manuscript PDF file). The data should be provided as part of the manuscript or its supporting information, or deposited to a public repository. For example, in addition to summary statistics, the data points behind means, medians and variance measures should be available. If there are restrictions on publicly sharing data\u2014e.g. participant privacy or use of data from a third party\u2014those must be specified.The Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes**********5. Is the manuscript presented in an intelligible fashion and written in standard English?PLOS ONE does not copyedit accepted manuscripts, so the language in submitted articles must be clear, correct, and unambiguous. Any typographical or grammatical errors should be corrected at revision, so please note any specific errors here.Reviewer #1:\u00a0YesReviewer #2:\u00a0YesReviewer #3:\u00a0Yes**********6. Review Comments to the AuthorPlease use the space provided to explain your answers to the questions above. You may also include additional comments for the author, including concerns about dual publication, research ethics, or publication ethics. Reviewer #1:\u00a0The Authors have modified their manuscript according to my comments and suggestions. I have no further comments.Reviewer #2:\u00a0(No Response)Reviewer #3:\u00a0This is study is a retrospective observational study evaluating the relation between serum syndecan-1 concentration and readmission-free survival of hospitalized patients with decompensated heart failure. Patients had their blood sample collected on admission for measuring syndecan-1 and an echocardiography was performed also on admission. The outcome was the number of days since first admission until readmission or death from any cause, evaluated retrospectively after 30 months. The authors found serum syndecan-1 may predict readmission-free survival in patients with heart failure.In order to minimize influence of other factors, the authors performed univariate and multivariable analysis. They considered unexpected variables to the reviewers, and did not analyzed variables such as natriuretic peptides, ejection fraction and heart failure medications. After better explanation, we understand the authors selected variables that directly influence levels of syndecan-1, such as infection, renal function and age for the analysis, and they provided references to support their explanation.The authors have improved the manuscript making it more readable and allowing the reader to interpretate the results considering all the methodologic limitations.**********what does this mean?). If published, this will include your full peer review and any attached files.7. PLOS authors have the option to publish the peer review history of their article (If you choose \u201cno\u201d, your identity will remain anonymous but your review may still be made public.Do you want your identity to be public for this peer review? For information about this choice, including consent withdrawal, please see our Privacy Policy.Reviewer #1:\u00a0NoReviewer #2:\u00a0NoReviewer #3:\u00a0No 29 Nov 2021PONE-D-21-12372R1 Serum syndecan-1 concentration in hospitalized patients with heart failure may predict readmission-free survival Dear Dr. Okada:I'm pleased to inform you that your manuscript has been deemed suitable for publication in PLOS ONE. Congratulations! Your manuscript is now with our production department. onepress@plos.org.If your institution or institutions have a press office, please let them know about your upcoming paper now to help maximize its impact. If they'll be preparing press materials, please inform our press team within the next 48 hours. Your manuscript will remain under strict press embargo until 2 pm Eastern Time on the date of publication. For more information please contact plosone@plos.org. If we can help with anything else, please email us at Thank you for submitting your work to PLOS ONE and supporting open access. Kind regards, PLOS ONE Editorial Office Staffon behalf ofProf. Vincenzo Lionetti Academic EditorPLOS ONE"}
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{"text": "Algorithms in BioinformaticsInge Jonassen, Junhyong Kim, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 476 pp.ISBN: 3-540-23018-1, $84Antisense Therapeutics, 2nd ed.M. Ian PhillipsTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 344 pp.ISBN: 1-58829-205-3, $125Assembling the Tree of LifeJoel Cracraft, Michael J. DonoghueNew York:Oxford University Press, 2004. 592 pp.ISBN: 0-19-517234-5, $59.95Bioinformatics: A Practical Guide to the Analysis of Genes and Proteins, 3rd ed.Andreas D. Baxevanis, B.F. Francis Ouellette, Mark Boguski, Gerard Bouffard, Stephen Bryant, Barbara Butler, Sam Cartinhour, Colombe Chappey, Mark Hershkovitz, Christopher Hogue, Jonathan Kans, David Landsman, Detlef Leipe, James Ostell, Greg SchulerHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 512 pp.ISBN: 0-471-47878-4, $79.95Cancer Gene TherapyDavid T. Curiel, Joanne T. DouglasTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 504 pp.ISBN: 1-58829-213-4, $165Epigenetics ProtocolsTrygve O. TollefsbolTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 320 pp.ISBN: 1-58829-336-x, $99.50Gene Genealogies, Variation and Evolution: A Primer in Coalescent TheoryJotun Hein, Mikkel Schierup, Carsten WiufNew York:Oxford University Press, 2004. 350 pp.ISBN: 0-19-852995-3, $124.50Genome Transcriptome and Proteome AnalysisAlain BernotHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 240 pp.ISBN: 0-470-84954-1, $115Guide to Mutation DetectionGraham R. Taylor, Ian N. DayHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 352 pp.ISBN: 0-471-23444-3, $89.95Mobile Genetic Elements: Protocols and Genomic ApplicationsWolfgang J. Miller, Pierre CapyTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 304 pp.ISBN: 1-58829-007-7, $89.50Modular Protein DomainsGiovanni Cesareni, Marlo Gimona, Martus Sudol, Michael Yaffe, eds.Totowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 524 pp.ISBN: 3-527-30813-X, $185Oligonucleotide SynthesisPiet HerdewijnTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 456 pp.ISBN: 1-58829-233-9, $125Protein Synthesis and Ribosome Structure: Translating the GenomeKnud H. Nierhaus, Daniel N. WilsonHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 592 pp.ISBN: 3-527-30638-2, $180Statistical Methods in Molecular EvolutionRasmus Nielsen, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 520 pp.ISBN: 0-387-22333-9, $89.95Stroke Genomics: Methods and ReviewsSimon J. Read, David VirleyTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 352 pp.ISBN: 1-58829-333-5, $125Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine, RevisedRobert Nussbaum, Roderick McInnes, Huntington WillardNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 540 pp.ISBN: 0-7216-0244-4, $49.95The Proteus Effect: Stem Cells and Their PromiseAnn B. ParsonWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2004. 256 pp.ISBN: 0-309-08988-3, $24.95Transcription FactorsManfred Gossen, J\u00f6rg Kaufmann, Steven J. Triezenberg, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 581 pp.ISBN: 3-540-21095-4, $399Understanding DNA: The Molecule and How it WorksChris Calladine, Horace Drew, Ben Luisi, Andrew TraversNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 352 pp.ISBN: 0-12-155089-3, $45Welcome to the Genome: A User\u2019s Guide to the Genetic Past, Present, and FutureRob DeSalleHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 240 pp.ISBN: 0-471-45331-5, $29.95"}
{"text": "Advances in Air Pollution Modeling for Environmental Security: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research WorkshopIstv\u00e1n Farag\u00f3, Krassimir Georgiev, \u00c1gnes Havasi, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 406 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3350-8, $84.95Advances in Arsenic Research: Integration of Experimental and Observational Studies and Implications for MitigationPeggy A. O\u2019Day, Dimitrios Vlassopoulos, Xiaoguang Meng, Liane G. Benning, eds.Cary, NC:Oxford University Press, 2005. 450 pp. ISBN: 0-8412-3913-4, $159.50Applied Research in Environmental EconomicsChristoph B\u00f6hringer, Andreas Lange, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 314 pp. ISBN: 3-7908-1587-X, $84.95Biomeasurement: Understanding, Analysing, and Communicating Data in the BiosciencesDawn HawkinsCary, NC:Oxford University Press, 2005. 312 pp. ISBN: 0-19-926515-1, $35Comparative GenomicsAoife McLysaght, Daniel H. Huson, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 167 pp. ISBN: 3-540-28932-1, $58Dimensions in Environmental and Ecological EconomicsNirmal Chandra Sahu, Amita Kumari ChoudhuryAndhra Pradesh, India:Universities Press, 2005. 612 pp. ISBN: 81-7371-463-0, $16.17DNA Conformation and TranscriptionTakashi Ohyama, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 220 pp. ISBN: 0-387-25579-6, $134Ethical Dimensions of Health PolicyMarion Danis, Carolyn Clancy, Larry R. Churchill, eds.Cary, NC:Oxford University Press, 2005. 424 pp. ISBN: 0-19-530083-1, $34.50Global Warming\u2014Myth or Reality?Marcel LerouxNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 510 pp. ISBN: 3-540-23909-X, $129Managing Natural Wealth: Environment and Development in MalaysiaJeffrey R. Vincent, Rozali Mohamed AliWashington, DC:RFF Press, 2005. 452 pp. ISBN: 1-933115-20-3, $85Nuclear Hazards in the World: Field Studies on Affected Populations and EnvironmentsJun TakadaNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 134 pp. ISBN: 3-540-25272-X, $89.95Plows, Plagues, and Petroleum: How Humans Took Control of ClimateWilliam F. RuddimanPrinceton, NJ:Princeton University Press, 2005. 272 pp. ISBN: 0-691-12164-8, $24.95Presenting and Representing EnvironmentsGraham Humphrys, Michael Williams, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 218 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3813-5, $129Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity: Focus on Schools\u2014Brief Summary: Institute of Medicine Regional SymposiumCommittee on Progress in Preventing Childhood ObesityWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 24 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10040-2, $10.80Questions and Answers in Environment ScienceS.K. Basu, A.K. DeAndhra Pradesh, India:Universities Press, 2005. 396 pp. ISBN: 81-7371-547-5, $4.59Strategic Planning in Environmental Regulation: A Policy Approach That WorksSteven Cohen, Sheldon Kamieniecki, Matthew A. CahnCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 304 pp. ISBN: 0-262-03341-0, $60The Coupling of Climate and Economic Dynamics: Essays on Integrated AssessmentAlain Haurie, Laurent Viguier, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 381 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3424-5, $169The Laboratory Rat, 2nd ed.Mark A. Suckow, Steven Weisbroth, Craig L. Franklin, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 928 pp. ISBN: 0-12-074903-3, $139.95The Mediterranean SeaAlain Saliot, ed.New York: Springer-Verlag, 2005. 414 pp. ISBN: 3-540-25018-2, $249Toxicological Evaluation of Certain Veterinary Drug Residues in FoodJoint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food AdditivesGeneva:World Health Organization Press, 2005. 189 pp. ISBN: 92-4-166053-8, $36"}
{"text": "A Scientist Audits the EarthStuart L. PimmPiscataway, NJ:Rutgers University Press, 2004. 304 pp. ISBN: 0-8135-3540-9, $19.95Academia to Biotechnology: Career Changes at any StageJeffrey GimbleBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 186 pp. ISBN: 0-12-284151-4, $34.95Acid Rain Science and Politics in Japan: A History of Knowledge and Action toward SustainabilityKen WilkeningCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2004. 328 pp. ISBN: 0-262-73166-5, $19Cells, Tissues, and Disease: Principles of General Pathology, 2nd ed.Guido Majno, Isabelle JorisNew York:Oxford University Press, 2004. 1040 pp. ISBN: 0-19-514090-7, $198.50Correction Lines: Essays on Land, Leopold, and ConservationCurt MeineWashington, DC:Island Press, 2004. 304 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-732-3, $25Encyclopedia of Ecological and Environmental ToxicologyJason Weeks, Michael C. Newman, Sheila O\u2019HareHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. 2000 pp. ISBN: 0-471-49559-X, $1,200Environmental Governance Reconsidered: Challenges, Choices, and OpportunitiesRobert F. Durant, Daniel J. Fiorino, Rosemary O\u2019Leary, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2004. 536 pp. ISBN: 0-262-54174-2, $35Global Institutions and Social KnowledgeVirginia M. WalshCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2004. 208 pp. ISBN: 0-262-73167-3, $20Imitation of Life How Biology Is Inspiring ComputingNancy ForbesCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2004. 176 pp. ISBN: 0-262-06241-0, $25.95Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems, 3rd ed.Wayne G. Landis, Ming-Ho YuBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2004. 484 pp. ISBN: 1-56670-660-2, $99.95Live Cell Imaging: A Laboratory ManualRobert D. Goldman, David L. Spector, eds.Woodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2004. 648 pp. ISBN: 0-87969-682-6, $250Managing Scientists: Leadership Strategies in Scientific Research, 2nd ed.Alice M. SapienzaHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. 246 pp. ISBN: 0-471-22614-9, $39.95Recombinant Gene Expression: Reviews and Protocols, 2nd ed.Paulina Balbas, Argelia LorenceTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 494 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-262-2, $125Regulators of G Protein Signalling, Part B David SiderovskiBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 560 pp. ISBN: 0-12-182795-X, $149.95Research Proposals: A Guide to Success, 3rd ed.Thomas Ogden, Israel GoldbergBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 368 pp. ISBN: 0-12-524733-8, $34.95Scientific Papers and Presentations, 2nd ed.Martha DavisBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 384 pp. ISBN: 0-12-088424-0, $29.95Sertoli Cell Biology, Vol. 1Michael K. Skinner, Michael D. Griswold, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 512 pp. ISBN: 0-12-647751-5, $229.95The Proteus Effect: Stem Cells and Their PromiseAnn B. ParsonWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2004. 256 pp. ISBN: 0-309-08988-3, $22.45Welcome to the Genome: A User\u2019s Guide to the Genetic Past, Present, and FutureRob DeSalle, Michael Yudell, American Museum of Natural HistoryHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. 215 pp. ISBN: 0-471-45331-5, $29.95"}
{"text": "A Theory of General Ethics: Human Relationships, Nature, and the Built EnvironmentWarwick FoxCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 400 pp. ISBN: 0-262-06255-0, $68Analyzing International Environmental RegimesHelmut Breitmeier, Oran R. Young, Michael Z\u00fcrnCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 336 pp. ISBN: 0-262-02602-3, $67Bilateral EcopoliticsPhilippe Le Prestre, Peter StoettWilliston, VT:Ashgate Publishing, 2006. 306 pp. ISBN: 0-7546-4177-5, $99.95Environmental Health in Central and Eastern EuropeK.C. Donnelly, Leslie H. Cizmas, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 249 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4844-0, $119.00Environmental Principles and EthicsMing H. Wong, Frank W.K. Lee, Martin K.F. FungHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2006. 240 pp. ISBN: 981-256-838-7, $48Governing Environmental FlowsGert Spaargaren, Arthur P.J. Mol, Frederick H. Buttel, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 392 pp. ISBN: 0-262-69335-6, $27Governing Global Desertification: Linking Environmental Degradation, Poverty and ParticipationPierre Marc Johnson, Karel Mayrand, and Marc PaquinWilliston, VT:Ashgate Publishing, 2006. 312 pp. ISBN: 0-7546-4359-X, $99.95Noxious New York: The Racial Politics of Urban Health and Environmental JusticeJulie SzeCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-262-19554-2, $60Precautionary Politics: Principle and Practice in Confronting Environmental RiskKerry H. WhitesideCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 208 pp. ISBN: 0-262-23255-3, $50Sustainability, Civil Society and International GovernanceJohn J. Kirton, Peter I. HajnalWilliston, VT:Ashgate Publishing, 2006. 422 pp. ISBN: 0-7546-3884-7, $114.95The Environment in Asia Pacific HarboursEric WolanskiNew York:Springer, 2006. 497 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3654-X, $209"}
{"text": "Bioethics in Complexity: Foundations and EvolutionsSergio De Risio, Franco F Orsucci, eds.London:Imperial College Press, 2004. 100 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-399-3, $34Bioinformatics, Biocomputing and Perl: An Introduction to Bioinformatics Computing Skills and PracticeMichael Moorhouse, Paul BarryHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. 506 pp. ISBN: 0-470-85331-X, $65Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome AnalysisDavid Mount, David W. MountPlainview, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2004. 600 pp. ISBN: 0-8796-9687-7, $150Computational Genomics: Theory and ApplicationRichard P. Grant, ed.Norwich, UK:Horizon Scientific Press, 2004. 306 pp. ISBN: 1-904933-01-7, $190Dictionary of Bioinformatics and Computational BiologyJohn M. Hancock, Marketa J. Zvelebil, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. 664 pp. ISBN: 0-471-43622-4, $99.95Digital Code of Life: How Bioinformatics Is Revolutionizing Science, Medicine, and BusinessGlyn MoodyHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. E-book, ISBN: 0-471-68964-5, $34.95DNA Amplification: Current Technologies and ApplicationsVadim V. Demidov, Natalia E. BroudeNorwich, UK:Horizon Scientific Press, 2004. 336 pp. ISBN: 0-9545232-9-6, $180Encyclopedia of Medical Genomics and ProteomicsJurgen Fuchs, Mauriziio PoddaNew York:Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2004. 1200 pp. ISBN: 0-8247-4794-1, $420Genetic Databases: Socio-Ethical Issues in the Collection and Use of DNAOonagh Corrigan; Richard TuttonNew York:Routledge, 2004. 224 pp. ISBN: 0415316804, $36.95Genomics and Proteomics in NutritionCarolyn D. Berdanier, Naima Moustaid-Moussa, eds.New York:Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2004. 500 pp. ISBN: 0-8247-5430-1, $175How the Human Genome WorksEdwin H. McConkeySudbury, MA:Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc., 2004. 118 pp. ISBN: 0-7637-2384-3, $24.95Molecular Toxicology ProtocolsPhouthone Keohavong, Stephen G. GrantTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 550 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-084-0, $125Practical BioinformaticsJanusz M. BujnickiNew York:Springer-Verlag, Inc., 2004. 265 pp. ISBN: 3-540-20613-2, $189Protein Bioinformatics: An Algorithmic Approach to Sequence and Structure AnalysisIngvar Eidhammer, Inge Jonassen, William R. TaylorHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. 376 pp. ISBN: 0-470-84839-1, $85Protein Expression Technologies: Current Status and Future TrendsFran\u00e7ois BaneyxNorwich, UK:Horizon Scientific Press, 2004. 532 pp. ISBN: 0-9545232-5-3, $180Proteome Analysis: Intrepreting the GenomeDavid SpeicherBurlington, MA:Elsevier Science & Technology, 2004. 400 pp. ISBN: 0-444-51024-9, $165The Hope, Hype, and Reality of Genetic EngineeringJohn C. AviseNew York:Oxford University Press, 2004. 256 pp. ISBN: 0-19-516950-6, $35The Stored Tissue Issue: Biomedical Research, Ethics, and Law in the Era of Genomic MedicineRobert F. Weir, Robert S. Olick, Jeffrey C. MurrayNew York:Oxford University Press, 2004. 368 pp. ISBN: 0-19-512368-9, $46.50Chemical GenomicsFerenc Darvas, Andras Guttman, Gyorgy DormanNew York:Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2004. 280 pp. ISBN: 0-8247-5490-5, $135"}
{"text": "An Introduction to Human Molecular Genetics: Mechanisms of Inherited Diseases, 2nd ed.Jack K. PasternakHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 656 pp. ISBN: 0-471-47426-6, $83.95CCN Proteins: A New Family of Cell Growth and Differentiation RegulatorsBernard Perbal, Masaharu TakigawaHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing, 2005. 250 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-552-X, $80Computation in Cells and Tissues: Perspectives and Tools of ThoughtR. Paton, H. Bolouri, M. Holcombe, J.H. Parish, R. Tateson, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 343 pp. ISBN: 3-540-00358-4, $69.95Data Analysis and Visualization in Genomics and ProteomicsFrancisco Azuaje, Joaquin Dopazo, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 284 pp. ISBN: 0-470-09439-7, $150Energy in the 21st CenturyJohn R. FanchiHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing, 2005. 256 pp. ISBN: 981-256-185-4, $52Environmental Economics for Non-Economists: Techniques and Policies for Sustainable Development, 2nd ed.John Asafu-AdjayeHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing, 2005. 392 pp. ISBN: 981-256-123-4, $58Evolution in Four Dimensions: Genetic, Epigenetic, Behavioral, and Symbolic Variation in the History of LifeEva Jablonka, Marion J. LambCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 472 pp. ISBN: 0-262-10107-6, $34.95Implications of Nanotechnology for Environmental Health ResearchLynn Goldman, Christine Coussens, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 70 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09577-8, $18Intelligent Bioinformatics: The Application of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Bioinformatics ProblemsEdward Keedwell, Ajit NarayananHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 256 pp. ISBN: 0-470-02175-6, $110Medical Biomethods HandbookJohn M. Walker, Ralph RapleyTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2005. 656 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-288-6, $150Molecular and Cellular SignalingMartin BeckermanNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 450 pp. ISBN: 0-387-22130-1, $99Molecular Models of Life: Philosophical Papers on Molecular BiologySahotra SarkarCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 352 pp. ISBN: 0-262-19512-7, $38Mouse Phenotypes: A Handbook of Mutation AnalysisVirginia E. PapaioannouWoodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2005. 235 pp. ISBN: 0-87969-640-0, $80Protein Nanotechnology: Protocols, Instrumentation, and ApplicationsTuan Vo-DinhTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2005. 480 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-310-6, $115Selective SweepDmitry NurminskyNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 130 pp. ISBN: 0-306-48235-5, $129The Global Genome: Biotechnology, Politics, and CultureEugene ThackerCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 464 pp. ISBN: 0-262-20155-0, $39.95The Inside Story: DNA to RNA to ProteinJan Witkowski, ed.Woodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2005. 220 pp. ISBN: 0-87969-750-4, $45The Proteomics Protocols HandbookJohn M. WalkerTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2005. 1,016 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-343-2, $175XML for BioinformaticsEthan CeramiNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 304 pp. ISBN: 0-387-23028-9, $69.95"}
{"text": "Acid in the EnvironmentGerald R. Visgilio, Diana M. Whitelaw, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 332 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-37561-8, $89.95Apoptosis, Cell Signaling, and Human DiseaseRakesh SrivastavaTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2006. 384 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-677-6, $145Arsenic in Soil and GroundwaterP. Bhattacharya, A. Mukherjee, R. Zevenhoven, J. Bundschuh, R. Loeppert, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 496 pp. ISBN: 0-444-51820-7, $120Biology of the Nitrogen CycleH. Bothe, S. Ferguson, W.E. Newton, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 452 pp. ISBN: 0-444-52857-1, $120Cancer Genomics and ProteomicsPaul B. FisherHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2007. 481 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-504-4, $99.50Depleted Uranium: Properties, Uses, and Health ConsequencesAlexandra C. MillerBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2006. 288 pp. ISBN: 0849330475, $149.95Environmental Modeling: A Practical IntroductionMike BarnsleyBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2007. 432 pp. ISBN: 0-4153-0054-1, $99.95Environmental Policy and Public HealthBarry L. JohnsonBoca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2006. 496 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-8434-6, $79.95Environmental Value Transfer: Issues and MethodsSt\u00e1le Navrud, Richard Ready, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 290 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-4081-8, $149Fundamentals of Data Mining in Genomics and ProteomicsWerner Dubitzky, Martin Granzow, Daniel P. Berrar, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 282 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-47508-0, $79.95Genomic Approaches for Cross-Species Extrapolation in ToxicologyWilliam H. Benson, Richard T. Di GiulioBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2006. 216 pp. ISBN: 1-4200-4334-X, $99.95Handbook of Globalization and the EnvironmentK.V. Thai, D. Rahm, J.D. CoggburnBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2007. 616 pp. ISBN: 1-5744-4553-7, $99.95Particle ToxicologyKen Donaldson, Paul BormBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2006. 434 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-5092-1, $159.95Renewable Resources and Renewable Energy: A Global ChallengeMauro Graziani, Paolo FornasieroBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2006. 384 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-9689-1, $129.95Thermodynamics, Solubility and Environmental IssuesTrevor Letcher, ed.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 454 pp. ISBN: 0-444-52707-9, $120Water and Development in China: The Political Economy of Shanghai Water PolicySeungho LeeHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2006. 332 pp. ISBN: 981-256-819-0, $68Who Owns the Water?K. Lanz, L. M\u00fcller, C. Rentsch, R. Schwarzenbach, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 535 pp. ISBN: 978-3-03778-018-3, $60"}
{"text": "A Primer on Environonmental Decision-Making: An Integrative Quantitative ApproachKnut Lehre Seip, Fred Wenst\u00f8pNew York:Springer, 2006. 496 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4073-3, $149Advanced Analysis of Gene Expression Microarray DataAldong ZhangHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2006. 356 pp. ISBN: 981-256-645-7, $68Advances in Molecular ToxicologyJames C. FishbeinBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2006. 200 pp. ISBN: 0-444-52842-3, $200Alternatives to Animal TestingR. M. Harrison, R. E. Hester, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 130 pp. ISBN: 0-85404-211-3, $89.95Basic Methods for the Biochemical LabMartin HoltzhauerNew York:Springer, 2006. 252 pp. ISBN: 3-540-32785-1, $69.95Beyond Limits? Dealing with Chemical Risks at Work in EuropeDavid Walters, Karola GrodzkiBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2006. 430 pp. ISBN: 0-08-044858-5, $99.95Communicating SciencePierre LaszloNew York:Springer, 2006. 214 pp. ISBN: 3-540-31919-0, $29.95Environmental and Pollution ScienceIan Pepper, Charles Gerba, Mark BrusseauBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2006. 552 pp. ISBN: 0-12-551503-0, $89.95Environmental ToxicologyA. G. Kungolos, C. A. Brebbia, C. P. Samaras, V. Popov, eds.Billerica MA:WIT Press, 2006. 384 pp. ISBN: 1-84564-045-4, $225Global Climate Change and Response of Carbon Cycle in the Equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans and Adjacent LandmassesHodaka Kawahata, Yoshio Awaya, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2006. 450 pp. ISBN: 0-444-52948-9, $185Global Environmental Assessments: Information and InfluenceRonald B. Mitchell, William C. Clark, David W. Cash, Nancy M. Dickson, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 352 pp. ISBN: 0-262-63336-1, $27Government and Research: Thirty Years of EvolutionMaurice Kogan, Mary Henkel, Steve HanneyNew York:Springer, 2006. 247 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4444-5, $119Inorganic and Organic Lead CompoundsInternational Agency for Research on CancerGeneva:World Health Organization Press, 2006. 519 pp. ISBN: 928-321-287-8, $49.50Lives Per Gallon: The True Cost of Our Oil AddictionTerry TamminenWashington, DC:Island Press, 2006. 272 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-101-7, $24.95Long-Term Ecological Change in the Northern Gulf of AlaskaR. B. SpiesBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2006. ISBN: 0-444-52960-8, $99Survival Skills for ScientistsFederico Rosei, Tudor JohnstonHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2006. 200 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-640-2, $38The Future of SustainabilityMarco Keiner, ed.New York:Springer, 2006. 257 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4734-7, $80The Global Genome: Biotechnology, Politics, and CultureEugene ThackerCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 464 pp. ISBN: 0-262-70116-2, $19.95"}
{"text": "Biostatistics: A Bayesian IntroductionGeorge G. WoodworthHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 352 pp. ISBN: 0-471-46842-8, $89.95Biostatistics and Epidemiology: A Primer for Health and Biomedical Professionals, 3rd ed.Sylvia Wassertheil-SmollerNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 243 pp. ISBN: 0-387-40292-6, $34.95Burning Season: The Murder of Chico Mendes and the Fight for the Amazon Rain ForestAndrew RevkinWashington, DC:Island Press/Shearwater Books, 2004. 336 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-089-2, $16Critical Care ToxicologyJeffrey BrentBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 1504 pp. ISBN: 0-8151-4387-7, $175Dead Heat: Globalization and Global WarmingTom Athanasiou, Paul BaerNew York:Seven Stories Press, 2004. 176 pp. ISBN: 1-58322-477-7, $9.95Developmental ImmunotoxicologySteven D. Holladay, ed.Boca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2004. 416 pp. ISBN: 0415284570, $139.95Earth in Mind\u201410th Anniversary Edition On Education, Environment, and the Human ProspectDavid W. OrrWashington, DC:Island Press, 2004. 224 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-495-2, $19.95Environmental Challenges in the Mediterranean 2000\u20132050Antonio Marquina, ed.New York:Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004. 400 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-1948-3, $72Environmental Health: Third EditionDade W MoellerCambridge, MA:Harvard University Press, 2004. 560 pp. ISBN: 0-674-01494-4, $65Environmental Toxicology: Biological and Health Effects of Pollutants, 2nd ed.Ming-Ho YuBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2004. 352 pp. ISBN: 1-56670-670-X, $89.95Environmentalism and the Technologies of Tomorrow Shaping the Next Industrial RevolutionRobert Olson, David Rejeski, eds.Washington, DC:Island Press, 2004. 184 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-769-2, $22.50Hot Spot Pollutants: Pharmaceuticals in the EnvironmentDaniel Dietrich, Simon Webb, Thomas Petry, J. August, Ferid Murad, Daryl GrannerBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 350 pp. ISBN: 0-12-032953-0, $159.95Immunotoxicology of Drugs and ChemicalsJ. DescotesBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 400 pp. ISBN: 0-444-51093-1, $167.50Last Refuge: Patriotism, Politics, and the Environment in an Age of TerrorDavid W. OrrWashington, DC:Island Press, 2004. 192 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-528-2, $20Molecular Toxicology ProtocolsPhouthone Keohavong, Stephen G GrantTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 550 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-084-0, $99.50Ovarian ToxicologyPatricia B. Hoyer, ed.Boca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2004. 256 pp. ISBN: 0-4152-8795-2, $139.95Pioneering Research: A Risk Worth TakingDonald W. BrabenHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 208 pp. ISBN: 0-471-48852-6, $39.95Plant Toxicology, 4th ed.Bertold Hock, Erich F. ElstnerBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2004. 650 pp. ISBN: 0-8247-5323-2, $195Predicting Chemical Toxicity and FateMark T.D. Cronin, David J. LivingstoneBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2004. 472 pp. ISBN: 0-4152-7180-0, $99.95Requiem for NatureJohn TerborghWashington, DC:Island Press, 2004. 246 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-588-6, $15The Dictionary of Gene Technology: Genomics, Transcriptomics, Proteomics, 3rd ed.G\u00fcnter KahlHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 1,300 pp. ISBN: 3-527-30765-6, $230The Empty OceanRichard EllisWashington, DC:Island Books/Shearwater Books, 2004. 384 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-637-8, $16The New Consumers: The Influence of Affluence on the EnvironmentNorman Myers, Jennifer KentWashington, DC:Island Press, 2004. 192 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-997-0, $24"}
{"text": "Alternative Pathways in Science and Industry: Activism, Innovation, and the Environment in an Era of GlobalizationDavid HessCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 360 pp. ISBN: 0-262-08359-0, $62An Introduction to Pollution ScienceRoy M. Harrison, ed.New York:Springer, 2006. 298 pp. ISBN: 0-85404-829-4, $49.95Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene: Key Scientific IssuesCommittee on Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2006. 448 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10283-9, $59.40Barry Commoner and the Science of SurvivalMichael EganCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 320 pp. ISBN: 0-262-05086-2, $28Business and Environmental PolicyMichael E. Kraft, Sheldon Kamieniecki, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 376 pp. ISBN: 0-262-11305-8, $62Chemoinformatics: Theory, Practice, and ProductsB.A. Bunin, J. Bajorath, B. Siesel, G. MoralesNew York:Springer, 2007. 295 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-5000-3, $129Clearing the Air: The Health and Economic Damages of Air Pollution in ChinaMun S. Ho, Christ P. Nielsen, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 392 pp. ISBN: 0-262-08358-2, $50Compendium of Chemical Warfare AgentsSteven L. HoenigNew York:Springer, 2006. 275 pp. ISBN: 0-387-34626-0, $99Degrees That Matter: Climate Change and the UniversityAnn Rappaport, Sarah Hammond CreightonCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 376 pp. ISBN: 0-262-68166-8, 424.95Environmental Justice and the Rights of Unborn and Future Generations: Law, Environmental Harm and the Right to HealthLaura WestraLondon:Earthscan, 2006. 352 pp. ISBN: 1-84407-366-1, $110Evolutionary BioinformaticsDonald R. ForsdykeNew York:Springer, 2006. 424 pp. ISBN: 0-387-33418-1, $59.95Flagging Standards: Globalization and Environmental, Safety, and Labor Regulations at SeaElizabeth R. DeSombreCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 280 pp. ISBN: 0-262-04234-7, $60Gene Transfer; Delivery and Expression of DNA and RNA, A Laboratory ManualTheodore Friedmann, John Rossi, eds.Woodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2007. 793 pp. ISBN: 0-87969-764-4, $250How Everyday Products Make People Sick: Toxins at Home and in the WorkplacePaul D. BlancBerkeley:University of California Press, 2007. 385 pp. ISBN: 0-520-24881-6, $50Mathematics for Ecology and Environmental SciencesYasuhiro Takeuchi, Yoh Iwasa, Kazunori Sato, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 183 pp. ISBN: 3-540-34427-6, $119Methods of Microarray Data Analysis VPatrick McConnell, Simon M. Lin, Patrick Hurban, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 176 pp. ISBN: 0-387-34568-X, $99Microarray Technology and Cancer Gene ProfilingSimone Mocellin, ed.New York:Springer, 2007. 178 pp. ISBN: 0-387-39977-1, $139Reproductive Health and the EnvironmentP. Nicolopoulou-Stamati, L. Hens, C.V. Howard, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 389 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4828-9, $179The Atlas of Climate Change: Mapping the World\u2019s Greatest ChallengeKirstin Dow, Thomas E. DowningLondon:Earthscan, 2006. 128 pp. ISBN: 1-84407-376-9, $19.95The Great Lead Water Pipe DisasterWerner TroeskenCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-262-20167-4, $29.95The World\u2019s Water 2006\u20132007Peter H. Gleick, Heather CooleyWashington, DC:Island Press, 2006. 388 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-106-8, $35There Is No Such Thing as a Natural Disaster: Race, Class, and KatrinaGregory Squires, Chester Hartman, eds.New York:Routledge, 2006. 328 pp. ISBN: 0-415-95486-X, $100Toxicants in Aqueous EcosystemsT.R. CromptonNew York:Springer, 2007. 456 pp. ISBN: 3-540-35738-6, $189Translational Control in Biology and MedicineMichael B. Mathews, Nahum Sonenberg, John W.B. HersheyWoodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2007. 934 pp. ISBN: 0-87969-767-9, $135"}
{"text": "Brucella spp. are highly similar, having identical 16S RNA. However, they have important phenotypic differences such as differential susceptibility to antibiotics binding the ribosome. Neither the differential susceptibility nor its basis has been rigorously studied. Differences found among other conserved ribosomal loci could further define the relationships among the classical Brucella spp.Brucella reference strains and three marine isolates to antibiotics binding the ribosome ranged from 0.032 to >256 \u03bcg/ml for the macrolides erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin and 2 to >256 \u03bcg/ml for the lincosamide, clindamycin. Though sequence polymorphisms were identified among ribosome associated loci 23S rrn, rplV, tuf-1 and tuf-2 but not rplD, they did not correlate with antibiotic resistance phenotypes. When spontaneous erythromycin resistant (eryR) mutants were examined, mutation of the peptidyl transferase center (A2058G Ec) correlated with increased resistance to both erythromycin and clindamycin. Brucella efflux was examined as an alternative antibiotic resistance mechanism by use of the inhibitor L-phenylalanine-L-arginine \u03b2-naphthylamide (PA\u03b2N). Erythromycin MIC values of reference and all eryR strains, except the B. suis eryR mutants, were lowered variably by PA\u03b2N. A phylogenetic tree based on concatenated ribosomal associated loci supported separate evolutionary paths for B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis/B. canis, clustering marine Brucella and B. neotomae with B. melitensis. Though Brucella ovis was clustered with B. abortus, the bootstrap value was low.Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of Brucella do not correlate with their highly differential susceptibility to erythromycin. Efflux plays an important role in Brucella sensitivity to erythromycin. Polymorphisms identified among ribosome associated loci construct a robust phylogenetic tree supporting classical Brucella spp. designations.Polymorphisms among ribosomal loci from the reference  Brucella. It is taxonomically related to plant pathogens and other animal symbionts and is transmitted to humans from infected domestic animals and wildlife through contact during animal husbandry practices, meat production, or by ingestion of unpasteurized milk products. The genus Brucella contains six classical species reflecting host preferences : nt 37\u201362 (CAT-GCA-CAG-GCG-ATG-AAG-GAC-GTG-AT) and nt 540\u2013518 (GGA-TTT-CAC-GTG-TCC-CGC-CCT-ACT-CA) (note that this set amplified intervening sequence); nt 455\u2013481 (AGT-TGG-AAA-ACT-CGA-CCG-AAG-TGG-GTG) and nt 1153-1127 (CCT-TAG-ATG-GTG-GTC-AGG-GTT-GTT-GCC); nt 1013\u20131039 (GAG-CAC-TGG-ATG-GGC-TAT-GGG-GAC-TCA) and nt 1732-1707 (GTG-CAT-TTT-GCC-GAG-TTC-CTT-CAA-CG); nt 1868\u20131894 (CCG-GTG-CTG-GAA-GGT-TAA-GAG-GAG-AGG) and nt 2605-2579 (CCC-AAC-TCA-CGT-ACC-GCT-TTA-AAT-GGC); and nt 2505\u20132529 (CGG-GGT-TGT-TTG-GCA-CCT-CGA-TAT-C) and nt 2850-2825 (CCC-GGC-CTA-TCA-ACG-TGG-TGG-TCT-TC). Primers used in PCR reactions to amplify the 3' end based on the genomic sequence of rrnC from B. suis  were forward (GGT-TTC-CCG-CTT-AGA-TGC-CTT-CAG-GA) and reverse 1 (CTT-CAG-AGA-TTA-TCC-CGT-CCG-TAT-ATA-TCT-ACC) and reverse 2 (ATA-GTG-ATC-CGG-TGG-TCC-CGC-GTG). Primers based on 23S B. suis rrnC unique sequences and B. suis sequences flanking rrnC, respectively, were: (GGG-TCC-AGG-ACC-GTG-TAT-GGT-GGG-TAG) and (CTT-CCA-TCC-ATG-AGC-GGC-AAA-GGA-AAT-G). Primers for amplification of L4, L22, EF-Tu1, and EF-Tu2 were: L4 forward 1, (ACG-ACC-ACG-ATC-TGC-CGA-AGA-AGG-TTC), and reverse, (GCC-ACG-TTG-AAG-ACG-ACC-TGG-TG); L4 forward 2, (GTG-TTC-AAG-GGC-AAG-AAG-ATG-GCT-GGT-C) and reverse 2, (GAT-CTC-CGC-ACC-GCC-GAT-AAG-AAG-TG); L22 forward, (GCG-GAT-CTT-GAC-ATC-TTC-ATG-CAG-CAG), and reverse, (TTG-TCG-GTC-TGA-CTT-TCG-GCG-TCT-ACA); EF-Tu1, forward, (TCA-AGG-CGA-ATG-CGG-ATG-TTT-TGA-CC) and reverse (GCG-GTC-GCA-CAG-GAA-ATC-CAG-AAG-AAG); and EF-Tu2 forward, (GCG-GGG-AAT-TAT-CTC-GGC-AGC-ACT), and reverse, (CGA-GCG-GTA-TGG-CGT-GTA-AGG-AAT-CAT). Primers internal to the PCR products were synthesized as necessary to obtain sequences of the products.The primer sets for amplification and sequencing of 23S Amplified products were purified  and sequenced at the Genomics Center at the National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA  using primers as listed above. For large products, internal primers were synthesized as needed to obtain coding sequences. Sequences were assembled and aligned, and polymorphisms were identified by use of Sequencer 3.1.2 . In some cases, MacVector  was used for sequence comparisons.Thermus thermophilus . When the nts refer to E. coli 23S rRNA rrnG , the nts are followed by (Ec).The numbering for B. suis 1330 [GenBank:AE014291 and AE014292], B. melitensis 16 M [GenBank:AE008917 and AE008918], B. abortus 9\u2013941 [GenBank:AE017223 and AE017224], B. abortus 2308 [GenBank:AM040264], and B. abortus rrnA sequence . Genomic sequences determined in this study: L4 (rplD) [GenBank:DQ289557 to DQ289577], L22 (rplV) [GenBank:DQ227901 to DQ227921], EF-Tu1 (tuf-1) [GenBank:DQ227922 to DQ227942], EF-Tu2 (tuf-2) [DQ227943 to DQ227963], 23S rrn region 1 (nt 69 to 1678) [GenBank:DQ287886\u2013DQ287906], and 23S rrn region 2 (nt 1920\u20132807) [GenBank:DQ287865\u2013DQ287885]. EryR mutant strain ribosomal associated sequences: B. neotomae (rplV) [GenBank:DQ659536], porpoise b (23S rrn) [GenBank:DQ659537], dolphin a-d (rplD) [GenBank:DQ660399\u2013DQ660402], porpoise a, c-e (rplD) [GenBank:DQ6600403\u2013DQ6600406], and seal c (rplD) [GenBank:DQ660407].Genome and genomic sequences referred to in this study: rplV, tuf-1, tuf-2) and sequences from 23S rrn from 28 taxa consisting of the 18 Brucella reference strains, three marine isolates, and seven outgroups of known genomic sequences (see Table rrn intervening sequences were eliminated from the comparison. Assembled sequences were aligned using ClustalW v1.83 [Legionella pneumophila subspecies Pneumophila strain Philadelphia [GenBank:NC_002942]. The number of generations was set at 1,000,000, number of chains at 4, print frequencies at 10,000, and sample frequencies at 100. Branch lengths were saved and all other settings were default. The evolutionary tree was displayed using Tree Explorer [Data sets consisted of concatenated genes (lW v1.83 . Each nulW v1.83 . SettingExplorer  based onStandard three letter code was used for amino acids and standard one letter code for DNA bases.Brucella, determined MIC values, prepared L22 predicted structures, and edited the manuscript. SH and AJ prepared graphs, tables, dendograms, and analyzed data. Both authors have read the manuscript and approved the final version.SH identified the loci for study; designed primers, amplified loci, prepared templates for sequencing, analyzed sequence data and drafted the manuscript. AJ cultured the"}
{"text": "Analysis of Global Change Assessments: Lessons LearnedCommittee on Analysis of Global Change Assessments, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 206 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10544-7, $38.48Assessments of Regional and Global Environmental Risks: Designing Processes for the Effective Use of Science in DecisionmakingAlexander E. Farrell, Jill J\u00e4ger, eds.Washington, DC:RFF Press, 2006. 293 pp. ISBN: 1-933115-04-1, $70Creating a Climate for ChangeSusanne C. Moser, Lisa Dilling, eds.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 576 pp. ISBN: 0-521-86923-2, $146Emissions Trading: Principles and Practice, 2nd ed.T.H. TietenbergWashington, DC:RFF Press, 2006. 223 pp. ISBN: 1-933115-30-0, $80Environmental Disasters, Natural Recovery and Human ResponsesRoger del Moral, Lawrence R. WalkerCambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 216 pp. ISBN: 0-521-86034-5, $127Environmental Protection, Law and Policy, 2nd ed.Jane Holder, Maria LeeCambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 800 pp. ISBN: 0-521-69026-3, $58Extreme Conflict and Tropical ForestsWil De Jong, Deanna Donovan, Kenichi Abe, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 184 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-5461-7, $99Fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the North SeaTatjana P. IlyinaNew York:Springer, 2007. 132 pp. ISBN: 3-540-68162-5, $89.95From the Corn Belt to the Gulf: Societal and Environmental Implications of Alternative Agricultural FuturesJoan Iverson Nassauer, Mary V. Santelmann, Donald Scavia, eds.Washington, DC:RFF Press, 2007. 260 pp. ISBN: 1-933115-47-4, $85Gaia\u2019s Revenge: Climate Change and Humanity\u2019s LossP.H. Liotta, Allan W. ShearerWestport, CT:Greenwood, 2007. 208 pp. ISBN: 0-275-98797-3, $49.95Global Environmental Health in the 21st Century: From Governmental Regulation to Corporate Social ResponsibilityMyron Harrison, Christine CoussensWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 126 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10380-0, $26.10Human Impacts on Weather and Climate, 2nd ed.William R. Cotton, Roger A. Pielke Sr.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 330 pp. ISBN: 0-521-84086-6, $127Introduction to Chemical Transport in the EnvironmentJohn C. GulliverCambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 304 pp. ISBN: 0-521-85850-2, $98Nanoparticles and Occupational HealthAndrew D. Maynard, David Y.H. Pui, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 186 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5858-5,$109Personal Care Compounds in the Environment: Pathways, Fate and Methods for DeterminationKai BesterHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. 263 pp. ISBN: 3-527-31567-3, $165Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity: How do We Measure Up?Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood ObesityWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 494 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10208-1, $46.50Quantified Eco-EfficiencyGjalt Huppes, Masanobu Ishikawa, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 330 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-5398-6, $169Reality Check: The Nature and Performance of Voluntary Environmental Programs in the United States, Europe, and JapanRichard D. Morgenstern, William A. Pizer, eds.Washington, DC:RFF Press, 2007. 185 pp. ISBN: 1-933115-36-8, $80Scientific Writing: A Reader and Writer\u2019s GuideJean-Luc LebrunHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2007. 150 pp. ISBN: 981-270-473-6, $55The Economics of Climate ChangeNicholas SternCambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 712 pp. ISBN: 0-521-70080-1, $58"}
{"text": "Academic Scientists at Work, 2nd ed.Jeremy Boss, Susan EckertNew York:Springer, 2006. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-387-32176-4, $29.95Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data MiningWee Keong Ng, Masaru Kitsuregawa, Jianzhong Li, eds.Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 2006. 879 pp. ISBN: 3-540-33206-5, $119Amazing Numbers in BiologyRainer FlindtBerlin:Springer-Verlag, 2006. 296 pp. ISBN: 3-540-30146-1, $29Antifouling CompoundsNobuhiro Fusetani, Anthony S. Clare, Werner E.G. M\u00fcller, eds.Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 2006. 225 pp. ISBN: 3-540-30014-7, $159Bird Flu: A Rising Pandemic in Asia and Beyond?Paul A Tambyah, Ping-Chung LeungHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2006. 268 pp. ISBN 981-256-815-8, $48Fundamental ToxicologyJ. H. Duffus, H. G. J. Worth, Eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 462 pp. ISBN: 0-85404-614-3, $89.95Gene Mapping, Discovery, and Expression: Methods and ProtocolsMinou Bina, ed.Totowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2006. 352 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-575-3, $99.50Genomic Disorders: The Genomic Basis of DiseaseJames R. Lupski, Pawel T. StankiewiczTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2006. 550 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-559-1, $130.50Global Coastal ChangeIvan ValielaWilliston, VT:Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 376 pp. ISBN: 1-405-13685-5, $89.95Global Warming: Understanding the ForecastDavid ArcherWilliston, VT:Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 256 pp. ISBN: 1-405-14039-9, $49.95Globalization and Health: Challenges for Health Law and BioethicsBelinda Bennett, George F. TomossyNew York:Springer, 2006. 218 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4195-0, $159Globalization and Its EnemiesDaniel CohenCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 256 pp. ISBN: 0-262-03350-X, $27.95Groundwater in the EnvironmentPaul YoungerWilliston, VT:Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 224 pp. ISBN: 1-405-12143-2, $45Information Visualization: Beyond the HorizonChaomei ChenNew York:Springer, 2006. 320 pp. ISBN: 1-84628-340-X, $49.95Managing Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno Innovations: Converging Technologies in SocietyWilliam Sims Bainbridge, Mihail C. Roco, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 390 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4106-3, $129Math Refresher for Scientists and Engineers, 3rd ed.John R. FanchiIndianapolis, IN;Wiley-IEEE Press, 2006. 364 pp. ISBN: 0-471-75715-2, $59.95Organic Contaminants in Riverine and Groundwater SystemsJan SchwarzbauerBerlin:Springer-Verlag, 2006. 464 pp. ISBN: 3-540-31169-6, $179Sustainable Metals ManagementArnim von Gleich, Robert U. Ayres, Stefan G\u00f6\u00dfling-Reisemann, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 607 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4007-5, $209Transactions on Computational Systems Biology IVCorrado Priami, Luca Cardelli, Stephen Emmott, eds.Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 2006. 141 pp. ISBN: 3-540-33245-6, $64.95"}
{"text": "A Basic Introduction to Pollutant Fate and Transport: An Integrated Approachwith Chemistry, Modeling, Risk Assessment, and Environmental LegislationFrank M. Dunnivant, Elliot AndersHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2006. 504 pp. ISBN: 0-471-65128-1, $89.95Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change, 2ndEd.John H. Seinfeld, Spyros N. PandisHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2006. 1232 pp. ISBN: 0-471-72017-8, $150Cancer Diagnostics with DNA MicroarraysSteen KnudsenHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2006. 208 pp. ISBN: 0-471-78407-9, $125Chemical Genomics: Small Molecule Probes to Study Cellular FunctionStefan Jaroch, Weinmann Hilmar, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 174 pp. ISBN: 3-540-27865-6, $79.95Comparative Environmental PoliticsJerry McBeath, Jonathan RosenbergNew York:Springer, 2006. 193 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4762-2, $125Ecological Risks Associated with the Destruction of Chemical WeaponsVladimir M. Kolodkin, Wolfgang Ruck, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 340 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3136-X, $65Environmental UV Radiation: Impact on Ecosystems and Human Health and PredictiveModelsFrancesco Ghetti, Giovanni Checcucci, Janet F. Bornman, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 288 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3696-5, $79.95Genomics and Proteomics Engineering in Medicine and BiologyMetin Akay, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2006. 336 pp. ISBN: 0-471-63181-7, $98.95How Much Should a Person Consume: Environmentalism in India and the UnitedStatesRamachandra GuhaBerkeley:University of California Press, 2006. 276 pp. ISBN: 0-520-24803-1, $55Inescapable Ecologies: A History of Environment, Disease, and KnowledgeLinda NashBerkeley:University of California Press, 2006. 346 pp. ISBN: 0-520-24891-0, $60Nonparametric Functional Data Analysis: Theory and PracticeFr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Ferraty, Philippe VieuNew York:Springer, 2006. 268 pp. ISBN: 0-387-30369-3, $79.95Public Health: Innovation and Intellectual Property RightsWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2006. 216 pp. ISBN: 92-4-156323-0, $27Statistical Analysis of Environmental Space\u2013Time ProcessesNhu D. Le, James V. ZidekNew York:Springer, 2006. 341 pp. ISBN: 0-387-26209-1, $79.95System Modeling in Cellular BiologyZoltan Szallasi, J\u00f6rg Stelling, Vipul PeriwalCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 480 pp. ISBN 0-262-19548-8, $50The Atlas of Climate Change: Mapping the World\u2019s Greatest ChallengeKirstin Dow, Thomas E. DowningBerkeley:University of California Press, 2006. 112 pp. ISBN: 0-520-25023-0, $19.95Verifying Treaty Compliance: Limiting Weapons of Mass Destruction and MonitoringKyoto Protocol ProvisionsR. Avenhaus, N. Kyriakopoulos, M. Richard, G. Stein, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 629 pp. ISBN: 3-540-33853-5, $179"}
{"text": "Acid Rain\u2014Deposition to RecoveryP. Brimblecombe, H. Hara, D. Houle, M. Novak, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 420 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5884-4, $169.00Biosphere Implications of Deep Disposal of Nuclear Waste: The Upwards Migration of Radionuclides in Vegetated SoilsH.S. Wheater, J.N.B. Bell, A.P. Butler, B.M. Jackson, L. Ciciani, D. Ashworth, G.G. ShawHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2007. 350 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-743-8, $95.00Climate Change\u2014Environment and History of the Near East, 2nd ed.Arie S. Issar, Mattanyah ZoharNew York:Springer, 2007. 290 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-69851-7, $169.00Elements of Environmental ChemistryRonald A. HitesHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. 204 pp. ISBN: 978-0-471-99815-0, $39.95Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: From Basic Research to Clinical PracticeAndrea C. Gore, ed.New York:Springer, 2007. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-830-0, $139.00Environmental Applications of Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Sorbents and SensorsGlenn E. Fryxell, Guozhong Cao, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2007. 520 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-662-3, $100.00Environmental Public Health Impacts of Disaster: Hurricane Katrina, Workshop SummaryLynn Goldman, Christine CoussensWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 100 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10500-5, $18.00Essential Environmental ScienceDaniel B. Botkin, Edward A. KellerHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. 512 pp. ISBN: 978-0-471-704-11-9, $95.95Improving the Nation\u2019s Water Security: Opportunities for ResearchCommittee on Water System Security Research, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 170 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10566-8, $36.50Mine Wastes: Characterization, Treatment and Environmental Impacts, 2nd ed.Bernd LottermoserNew York:Springer, 2007. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-48629-9, $169.00Models in Environmental Regulatory Decision MakingCommittee on Models in the Regulatory Decision Process, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 218 pp. ISBN: 0-309-11000-9, $40.27Our Precarious Habitat \u2026 It\u2019s in Your HandsMelvin A. BernardeHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. 464 pp. ISBN: 978-0-471-74065-0, $42.50Single Cell Diagnostics: Methods and ProtocolsAlan Thornhill, ed.Totowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2007. 238 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-578-1, $99.00Thirst: Fighting the Corporate Theft of Our WaterAlan Snitow, Deborah Kaufman, Michael FoxHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7879-8458-8, $27.95Toxicity Testing in the Twenty-first Century: A Vision and a StrategyCommittee on Toxicity and Assessment of Environmental Agents, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 146 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10988-4, $42.00Water Resources in the Middle EastHillel Shuval, Hassan Dweik, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 458 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-69508-0, $169.00"}
{"text": "Academic Health Centers: Leading Change in the 21st CenturyLinda T. Kohn, ed.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2004. 216 pp. ISBN: 0-309-08893-3, $39Bioethics in Complexity: Foundations and EvolutionsSergio De Risio, Franco F. Orsucci, eds.River Edge, NJ:World Scientific, 2004. 100 pp. ISBN:1-86094-399-3, $34Biological Weapons Defense: Infectious Disease and CounterbioterrorismLuther E. Lindler, Frank J. Lebeda, George KorchTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 625 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-184-7, $145Bioterrorism and Food SafetyBarbara A. Rasco, Gleyn E. BledsoeBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press LLC, 2004. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-2787-3, $99.95Cell Growth: Control of Cell SizeMichael N. Hall, Martin Raff, George Thomas, eds.Woodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Press, 2004. 652 pp. ISBN: 0-87969-672-9, $135Chemical Consequences: Environmental Mutagens, Scientist Activism, and the Rise of Genetic ToxicologyScott FrickelPiscataway, NJ:Rutgers University Press, 2004. 224 pp. ISBN: 0-8135-3412-7, $22.95Earthly Politics: Local and Global in Environmental GovernanceSheila Jasanoff , Marybeth Long Martello, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2004. 376 pp. ISBN: 0-262-10103-3, $67Environmental ContaminantsDaniel ValleroBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 832 pp. ISBN: 0-12-710057-1, $79.95Folding and Self-Assembly of Biological MacromoleculesE. Westhof, N. HardyRiver Edge, NJ:World Scientific, 2004. 416 pp. ISBN: 981-238-500-2, $142Free Radicals and Inhalation PathologyErich SchillerNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 773 pp. ISBN: 3-540-00201-4, $225Green Giants? Environmental Policies of the United States and the European UnionNorman J. Vig, Michael G. Faure, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2004. 392 pp. ISBN: 0-262-22068-7, $67Molecular Basis of Breast Cancer: Prevention and TreatmentJose Russo, Irma H. RussoNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 448 pp. ISBN: 3-540-00391-6, $249Nature and Human CommunitiesT. Sasaki, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 216 pp. ISBN: 4-431-20720-1, $99Reviews of Environmental Contamination and ToxicologyGeorge Ware, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 202 pp. ISBN: 0-387-20519-5, $129The Cancer HandbookMalcolm R. Alison, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 1,772 pp. ISBN: 0-470-02506-9, $495The Economics of Groundwater Remediation and ProtectionPaul E Hardisty, Ece Ozdemiroglu, Jonathan SmithBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press LLC, 2004. 400 pp. ISBN: 1566706432, $149.95The Practical BioinformaticianLimsoon Wong, ed.River Edge, NJ:World Scientific, 2004. 540 pp. ISBN: 981-238-846-X, $100Urban Transport and the EnvironmentEdited by World Conference on Transport Research Society and the Institute for Transport Policy StudiesBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 450 pp. ISBN: 0-08-044512-8, $88Water and Sustainable Development: Opportunities for the Chemical Sciences\u2013A Workshop Report to the Chemical Sciences RoundtableParry Norling, Frankie Wood-Black, Tina M. Masciangioli, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2004. 106 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09200-0, $22.95"}
{"text": "Air Pollution and HealthJon Ayres, Robert Maynard, Roy RichardsHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing, 2006. 264 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-191-5, $66An Introduction to Molecular Biotechnology: Molecular Fundamentals, Methods and Applications in Modern BiotechnologyMichael Wink, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2006. 828 pp. ISBN: 3-527-31412-1, $100Chemicals in the EnvironmentR.M. Harrison, R.E. Hester, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 164 pp. ISBN: 0-85404-206-7, $89.95Finite Mixture and Markov Switching ModelsSylvia Fr\u00fchwirth-SchnatterNew York:Springer, 2006. 492 pp. ISBN: 0-387-32909-9, $84.95Health, Hazards and Public Debate: Lessons for Risk Communication from the BSE/CJD SagaC. DoraGeneva:World Health Organization Press, 2006. 288 pp. ISBN: 92-8901070-3, $45Nanocarrier TechnologiesM. Reza Mozafari, ed.New York:Springer, 2006. 225 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-5040-2, $139Nanoparticulates as Drug CarriersVladimir P Torchili, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing, 2006. 880 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-630-5, $148Organic Pollutants in the Water Cycle: Properties, Occurrence, Analysis and Environmental Relevance of Polar CompoundsThorsten Reemtsma, Martin Jekel, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. 368 pp. ISBN: 3-527-31297-8, $175The End of the WildStephen M. MeyerCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 96 pp. ISBN: 0-262-13473-X, $14.95The Great Lead Water Pipe DisasterWerner TroeskenCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-262-20167-4, $29.95The Moral, Social, and Commercial Imperatives of Genetic Testing and ScreeningMichela Betta, ed.New York:Springer, 2006. 268 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4618-9, $129The New Environmental RegulationDaniel J. FiorinoCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-262-06256-9, $57"}
{"text": "Alternative Pathways in Science and Industry: Activism, Innovation, and the Environment in an Era of GlobalizationDavid HessCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 260 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-58272-8, $25Assessment of the Continuing Operability of Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities and EquipmentCommittee on Continuing Operability of Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities and Equipment, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 78 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-10351-0, $18Bioinformatics: Experiments, Tools, Databases, and AlgorithmsOrpita Bosu, Simminder Kaur ThukralNew York:Oxford University Press, 2007. 528 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-567683-9, $49.95Clearing the Air: The Health and Economic Damages of Air Pollution in ChinaMun S. Ho, Chris P. Nielsen, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 392 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-08358-4, $50Climate Change: What It Means for Us, Our Children, and Our GrandchildrenJoseph F. C. DiMento, Pamela M. Doughman, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-04241-3, $60Ecology of Tidal Freshwater: Forested Wetlands of the Southeastern United StatesWilliam H. Conner, Thomas W. Doyle, Ken W. Krauss, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 506 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5094-7, $239Environmental Health Risk IVC.A. Brebbia, ed.Billerica, MA:WIT Press, 2007. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-184564-083-5, $185Environmental Impacts of Wind-Energy ProjectsCommittee on Environmental Impacts of Wind Energy Projects, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 346 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-10830-0, $56Fundamentals of Environmental Sampling and AnalysisChunlong ZhangHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 436 pp. ISBN: 978-0-471-71097-4, $99.95Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists, 2nd ed.Richard Webster, Margaret A. OliverHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-02858-2, $120Greenhouse Gas SinksD. Reay, N. Hewitt, K. Smith, J. GraceNew York:Oxford University Press, 2007. 448 pp. ISBN: 978-1-8459-3189-6, $160Inclusion: The Politics of Difference in Medical ResearchSteven EpsteinChicago:University of Chicago Press, 2007. 424 pp. ISBN: 978-0-226-21309-5, $29.00Markets and the EnvironmentNathaniel O. Keohane, Sheila M. OlmsteadWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 288 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-047-9, $19.95Methods and Tools for Drought Analysis and ManagementGiuseppe Rossi, Teodoro Vega, Brunella Bonaccorso, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 418 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5923-0, $199Pollution of the Sea: Prevention and CompensationJ\u00fcrgen Basedow, Ulrich Magnus, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 183 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-73395-9, $109Public Health Advocacy and Tobacco Control: Making Smoking HistorySimon ChapmanOxford, UK:Blackwell, 2007. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-1-405-16163-3, $59.95Risk Assessment for Environmental HealthMark G. Robson, William A. Toscano, eds.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass, 2007. 664 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7879-8319-2, $85Sediment Dredging at Superfund Megasites: Assessing the EffectivenessCommittee on Sediment Dredging at Superfund Megasites, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 236 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-10973-4, $45Sustainable Poverty Reduction in Less-Favoured AreasR. Ruben, J. Pender, A. KuyvenhavenNew York:Oxford University Press, 2007. 464 pp. ISBN: 978-1-8459-32-7, $170Taking Action, Saving Lives: Our Duties to Protect Environmental and Public HealthKristin Shrader-FrechetteNew York:Oxford University Press, 2007. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-532546-1, $29.95The Middle Path: Avoiding Environmental CatastropheEric LambinChicago:University of Chicago Press, 2007. 208 pp. ISBN: 978-0-226-46853-2, $25The Unnatural History of the SeaCallum RobertsWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 464 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-102-5, $28The WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures: A CommentaryJoanne ScottNew York:Oxford University Press, 2007. 360 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-927112-2, $140"}
{"text": "Asbestos and FireRachel MainesPiscataway, NJ:Rutgers University Press, 2005. 288 pp. ISBN: 0-8135-3575-1, $34.95Chemical Genomics: Reviews and ProtocolsEdward D. ZandersTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, Inc., 2005. 300 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-399-8, $110Computational Genetics and Genomics: Tools for Understanding DiseaseGary PeltzTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, Inc., 2005. 286 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-187-1, $125EpigeneticsBruce Stillman, ed.Woodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2005. 520 pp. ISBN: 0-87969-729-6, $295Essential Mathematics and Statistics for ScienceGraham CurrellHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 344 pp. ISBN: 0-470-02228-0, $115.50EU Environmental LawMaria LeeOxford, UK:Hart Publishing, 2005. 270 pp. ISBN: 1-84113-410-4, $50Handbook of Genome Research: Genomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics, Bioinformatics, Ethical and Legal IssuesChristoph W. SensenHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 614 pp. ISBN: 3-527-31348-6, $355Health Effects of Transport-Related Air PollutionM. Krzyzanowski, B. Kuna-Dibbert, J. SchneiderGeneva:World Health Organization Press, 2005. 275 pp. ISBN: 92-890-1373-7, $54Microarrays in Clinical DiagnosticsThomas O. Joos, Paolo FortinaTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, Inc., 2005. 300 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-394-7, $135National Environmental Accounting: Bridging the Gap Between Ecology and EconomyJoy E. HechtWashington, DC:RFF Press, 2005. 240 pp. ISBN: 1-891853-93-7, $60Pharmacogenomics: Methods and ApplicationsFederico InnocentiTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, Inc., 2005. 250 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-440-4, $125Proteomics in Cancer ResearchDaniel C. Liebler, Emanuel F. Petricoin, Lance A. LiottaHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 202 pp. ISBN: 0-471-44476-6, $150Rational Choice and Judgment: Decision Analysis for the DeciderRex BrownHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 245 pp. ISBN: 0-471-20237-1, $79.95Sprawl Costs: Economic Impacts of Unchecked DevelopmentRobert Burchell, Anthony Downs, Sahan MukherjiWashington, DC:Island Press, 2005. 224 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-530-4, $18.75Sustainable Energy: Choosing among OptionsJefferson W. Tester, Elisabeth M. Drake, Michael J. Driscoll, Michael W. Golay, William A. PetersCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 872 pp. ISBN: 0-262-20153-4, $78The Evolution of the GenomeT. GregoryBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 768 pp. ISBN: 0-12-301463-8, $69.95The Oncogenomics HandbookWilliam J. LaRochelle, Richard A. ShimketsTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, Inc., 2005. 752 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-425-0, $195The Proteomics Protocols HandbookJohn M. WalkerTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, Inc., 2005. 1,016 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-343-2, $175The World Health Report 2005World Health OrganizationGeneva, Switzerland:World Health Organization Press, 2005. 252 pp. ISBN: 92-4-156290-0, $36Water Quality Hazards and Dispersion of PollutantsWlodzimierz Czernuszenko, Pawel RowinskiNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 250 pp. ISBN: 0-387-23321-0, $139"}
{"text": "Basic Cell Culture Protocols, 3rd ed.Cheryl D. Helgason, Cindy L. MillerTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 384 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-284-3, $125Cell Migration in Development and DiseaseDoris WedlichHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 450 pp. ISBN: 3-527-30587-4, $198Chemoinformatics in Drug DiscoveryTudor I. Oprea, Ralmund Mannhold, Hugo Kubinyl, Gerd FolkersHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 520 pp. ISBN: 3-527-30753-2, $185Children\u2019s Health: International Historical PerspectivesCheryl Krasnick Warsh, Veronica Strong-Boag, eds.Waterloo, Ontario:Wilfrid Laurier Press, 2005. 620 pp. ISBN: 0-88920-474-8, $38.95Comprehensive Handbook of Alcohol Related PathologyVictor Preedy, Ronald Watson, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 2,192 pp. ISBN: 0-12-564370-5, $360Cytochrome P450: Structure, Mechanism, and BiochemistryPaul R. Ortiz de Montellano, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 652 pp. ISBN: 0-306-48324-6, $149Encyclopedia of Biostatistics, 2nd ed.Peter Armitage, Theodore ColtonHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 6,100 pp. ISBN: 0-470-84907-X, $2995Environmental Policy, International Trade and Factor MarketsC.C. Chao, E. Siu-Hung YuBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 252 pp. ISBN: 0-444-51708-1, $95Environmental Toxicology, Vol. 6T.P. Mommsen, T.W. Moon, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 560 pp. ISBN: 0-444-51833-9, $260Global Sustainability: The Impact of Local Cultures, A New Perspective for Science and Engineering, Economics and PoliticsPeter A. Wilderer, Edward D. Schroeder, Horst KoppHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 266 pp. ISBN: 3-527-31236-6, $160Handbook of Toxicogenomics: Strategies and ApplicationsJurgen BorlakHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 688 pp. ISBN: 3-527-30342-1, $195Health Implications of Perchlorate IngestionCommittee to Assess the Health Implications of Perchlorate Ingestion, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 191 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09568-9, $42Preparative Chromatogography of Fine Chemical and Pharmaceutical AgentsHenner Schmidt-TraubHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 400 pp. ISBN: 3-527-30643-9, $145Preventing Childhood Obesity: Health in the BalanceJeffrey P. Koplan, Catharyn T. Liverman, Vivica A. Kraak, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 434 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09196-9, $44.95Proceedings of the 3rd Asia-Pacific Bioinformatics ConferenceYi-Ping Phoebe Chen, Limsoon WongHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2005. 400 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-477-9, $78Proteins: Structure and FunctionDavid WhitfordHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 600 pp. ISBN: 0-471-49894-7, $79.95Statistical Methods in Bioinformatics An Introduction, 2nd ed.Warren J. Ewens, Gregory GrantNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 588 pp. ISBN: 0-387-40082-6, $89.95Statistics for Experimenters: Design, Innovation, and Discovery, 2nd ed.George E.P. Box, J. Stuart HunterHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 736 pp. ISBN: 0-471-71813-0, $99.95Systems Biology in Practice: Concepts, Implementation and ApplicationEdda Klipp, Ralf Herwig, Axel Kowald, Christoph Wierling, Hans LehrachHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 300 pp. ISBN: 3-527-31078-9, $120"}
{"text": "A New Ecology: Systems PerspectiveS. Jorgensen, B. Fath, S. Bastianoni, J. Marques, F. Muller, S. Nielsen, B. Patten, E. Tiezzi, R. UlanowiczBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 288 pp. ISBN: 0-444-53160-2, $150Apollo\u2019s FireJay Inslee, Bracken HendricksWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 336 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-175-0, $25.95BioinformaticsAndrzej Polanski, Marek KimmelNew York:Springer, 2007. 376 pp. ISBN: 3-540-24166-9, $69.95Chernobyl\u2014What Have We Learned? The Successes and Failures to Mitigate Water Contamination Over 20 YearsYasuo Onishi, Oleg V. Voltsekhovich, Mark J. Zheleznyak, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 289 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-5348-1, $129Computational Toxicology: Risk Assessment for Pharmaceutical and Environmental ChemicalsSean Ekins, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 816 pp. ISBN: 0-470-04962-4, $140Energy for Sustainability: Technology, Planning, PolicyJohn Randolph, Gilbert MastersWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 524 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-103-3, $75Energy in Nature and Society: General Energetics of Complex SystemsVaclav SmilCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 512 pp. ISBN: 0-262-69356-9, $32Environment, Energy, and Resources Law: The Year in Review 2006Section of Environment, Energy, and ResourcesChicago:ABA Publishing, 2007. 398 pp. ISBN: 1-59031-881-1, $59.95Global Climate Change and U.S. LawMichael B. Gerrard, ed.Chicago:ABA Publishing, 2007. 784 pp. ISBN: 1-59031-816-4, $59.95Ignition: What You Can Do to Fight Global Warming and Spark a MovementJonathan Isham, Sissel WaageWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 296 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-156-4, $18.95Male-mediated Developmental ToxicityD. Anderson, M. Brinkworth, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 305 pp. ISBN: 0-85404-847-2, $179Mass Spectral and GC Data of Drugs, Poisons, Pesticides, Pollutants and Their Metabolites, 3rd ed.Hans H. Maurer, Karl Pfleger, Armin WeberHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2007. 1,452 pp. ISBN: 3-527-31538-3, $750Microarray Data Analysis: Methods and ApplicationsMichael J. KorenbergTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2007. 312 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-540-8, $99.50Molecular Microbiology of Heavy MetalsDietrich H. Nies, Simon Silver, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 460 pp. ISBN: 3-540-69770-1, $229NGO Diplomacy: The Influence of Nongovernmental Organizations in International Environmental NegotiationsMichelle M. Betsill, Elisabeth Corell, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 256 pp. ISBN: 0-262-02626-0, $50Reinventing Los Angeles: Nature and Community in the Global CityRobert GottliebCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 464 pp. ISBN: 0-262-07287-4, $62The Law and Policy of Ecosystem ServicesJ.B. Ruhl, Steve, E. Kraft, Christopher L. LantWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 368 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-094-9, $70The Unnatural History of the SeaCallum RobertsWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 456 pp. ISBN: 1-597-26-102-5, $28Towards a Cleaner PlanetJaime Klapp, Jorge L. Cervantes-Cota, Jos\u00e9 Federico Ch\u00e1vez Alcal\u00e1, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 420 pp. ISBN: 3-540-71344-9, $169Toxic Tort LitigationD. Alan RudinChicago:ABA Publishing, 2007. 491 pp. ISBN: 1-59031-734-3, $149.95"}
{"text": "Agricultural Biodiversity and Biotechnology in Economic DevelopmentJoseph Cooper, Leslie Marie Lipper, David ZilbermanNew York:Springer, 2005. 480 pp. ISBN: 0-387-25407-2, $99Air Quality in Airplane Cabins and Similar Enclosed Spaces, Vol. 4: Air Pollution, Part HMartin B. Hocking, Diana Hocking, eds.New York:Springer, 2005. 410 pp. ISBN: 3-540-25019-0, $179Algorithms in BioinformaticsRita Casadio, Gene Myers, eds.New York:Springer, 2005. 436 pp. ISBN: 3-540-29008-7, $78Appraising Sustainable Development: Water Management and Environmental ChallengesAsit K. Biswas, Cecilia Tortajada, eds.New York:Oxford University Press, 2005. 242 pp. ISBN: 0-19-566891-X, $34.50Bioethics: An Introduction for the BiosciencesBen MephamNew York:Oxford University Press, 2005. 408 pp. ISBN: 0-19-926715-4, $39.95Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Solutions Using R and BioconductorR. Gentleman, V. Carey, W. Huber, R. Irizarry, S. Dudoit, eds.New York:Springer, 2005. 452 pp. ISBN: 0-387-25146-4, $89.95Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery HandbookOded Maimon, Lior RokachNew York:Springer, 2005. 1,383 pp. ISBN: 0-387-24435-2, $199DNA Methylation, Epigenetics and MetastasisManel Esteller, ed.New York:Springer, 2005. 310 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3641-8, $149Environmental Issues in Latin America and the CaribbeanAldemaro Romero, Sarah E. West, eds.New York:Springer, 2005. 299 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3773-2, $129Genes on the Menu: Facts for Knowledge-Based DecisionsPaul Pechan, Gert de VriesNew York:Springer, 2005. 217 pp. ISBN: 3-540-20178-5, $39.95Globalization and Urban DevelopmentHarry W. Richardson, Chang-Hee C. Bae, eds.New York:Springer, 2005. 321 pp. ISBN: 3-540-22362-2, $99Greenhouse Warming and Nuclear Hazards: A Series of Essays and Research PapersPeter FongHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing, 2005. 276 pp. ISBN: 981-256-422-5, $48Oceans and Health: Pathogens in the Marine EnvironmentShimshon S. Belkin, Rita R. Colwell, eds.New York:Springer, 2005. 464 pp. ISBN: 0-387-23708-9, $89.95Proteomics in Cancer ResearchDaniel C. Liebler, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 201 pp. ISBN: 0-471-44476-6, $135Small-scale Freshwater Toxicity Investigations: Vol. 1\u2014Toxicity Test MethodsChristian Blaise, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois F\u00e9rard, eds.New York:Springer, 2005. 551 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3119-X, $129Sustainability and Cities: Concept and AssessmentOoi Giok LingHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing, 2005. 252 pp. ISBN: 981-256-163-3, $48The Obesity Epidemic: Science, Morality and IdeaologyMichael Gard, Jan WrightNew York:Routledge, 2005. 218 pp. ISBN: 0-415-31895-5, $125The Toxicology of FishesRichard T. Di Giulio, David E. Hinton, eds.New York:Routledge, 2005. 752 pp. ISBN: 0-415-24868-X, $138.48Toxicology of Organophosphate and Carbamate CompoundsRamesh C. Gupta, ed.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 768 pp. ISBN: 0-12-088523-9, $139.95"}
{"text": "Air Pollution XIVJ.W.S. Longhurst, ed.Billerica, MA:WITpress, 2006. 824 pp. ISBN: 1-84564-165-5, $423Chemicals as Intentional and Accidental Global Environmental ThreatsLubomir Simeonov, Elisabeta Chirila, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 514 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-5096-8, $219Chernobyl\u2014What Have We Learned?Yasuo Onishi, Oleg V. Voitsekhovich, Mark J. Zheleznyak, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 289 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-5348-7, $129Comparative Environmental PoliticsJerry McBeath, Jonathan RosenbergNew York:Springer, 2006. 193 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4762-2, $125Energy and Culture: Perspectives on the Power to WorkBrendan DooleyBurlington, VT:Ashgate, 2006. 264 pp. ISBN: 0-7546-4514-2, $114.95Fluoride in Drinking-waterJ. Fawell, K. Bailey, J. Chilton, E. Dahl, et al.Geneva:WHO Press, 2006. 144 pp. ISBN: 9241563192, $63Fluorine and the EnvironmentAlain Tressaud, ed.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2006. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-444-52672-2, $165Generation Extra Large: Rescuing Our Children from the Epidemic of ObesityChris Woolston, Lisa Tartamella, Elaine HerscherNew York:Perseus Books Group, 2006. 255 pp. ISBN: 0-465-08391-9, $14.95Governance of Biodiversity: Conservation in China and TaiwanGerald A. McBeath, Tse-Kang LengNorthampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006. 256 pp. ISBN: 1-84376-810-0, $99Growing Smarter: Achieving Livable Communities, Environmental Justice, and Regional EquityRobert D. Bullard, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 408 pp. ISBN: 0-262-02610-4, $67Health of the People: The African Regional Health ReportWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2006. 196 pp. ISBN: 929-023103-3, $27Health Risks from Dioxin and Related Compounds: Evaluation of the EPA ReassessmentCommittee on EPA\u2019s Exposure and Human Health Reassessment of TCDD and Related Compounds, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2006. 268 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10258-8, $54Politics of Oil: A SurveyBulent Gokay, ed.Oxford, UK:Routledge, 2006. 260 pp. ISBN: 1-8574-3340-8, $230Protecting Ground Water for HealthWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2006. 697 pp. ISBN: 924-154668-9, $144Reality Check: The Nature and Performance of Voluntary Environmental Programs in the United States, Europe, and JapanRichard D. Morgenstein, William A. Pizer, eds.Washington, DC:RFF Press, 2006. 200 pp. ISBN: 1-933115-36-X, $80Solar Revolution: The Economic Transformation of the Global Energy IndustryTravis BradfordCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 248 pp. ISBN: 0-262-02604-X, $24.95Sustainable Nuclear PowerGalem Suppes, Truman StorvickBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2006. 416 pp. ISBN: 0-12-370602-5, $59.95Sustainability or Collapse?Robert Costanza, Lisa J. Graumlich, Will Steffen, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 520 pp. ISBN: 0-262-03366-6, $38Why Care for Nature?Dirk Willem PostmaNew York:Springer, 2006. 221 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-5002-X, $129"}
{"text": "Children\u2019s Health and the Environment: Developing Action PlansL. Licari, L. Nemer, G. TamburliniGeneva:World Health Organization, 2005. 96 pp. ISBN: 92-890-1374-5, $36Computational Genome Analysis: An IntroductionRichard C. Deonier, Simon Tavar\u00e9, Michael S. WatermanNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 540 pp. ISBN: 0-387-98785-1, $79.95Deliberative Environmental Politics: Democracy and Ecological RationalityWalter F. Baber, Robert V. BartlettCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 288 pp. ISBN: 0-262-02587-6, $60Dynamics of Mercury Pollution on Regional and Global Scales: Atmospheric Processes and Human Exposures Around the WorldNicola Pirrone, Kathryn R. Mahaffey, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 748 pp. ISBN: 0-387-24493-X, $129Encyclopedia of Biostatistics, 2nd ed.Peter Armitage, Theodore Colton, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 6,100 pp. ISBN: 0-470-84907-X, $2,995Environmental CitizenshipAndrew Dobson, Derek Bell, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 312 pp. ISBN: 0-262-02590-6, $60Generation Extra Large: Rescuing Our Children from the Epidemic of ObesityChris Woolston, Lisa Tartamella, Elaine HerscherNew York:Basic Books, 2005. 255 pp. ISBN: 0-465-08390-0, $25Handbook of Urban Health: Populations, Methods, and PracticeSandro Galea, David Vlahov, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 650 pp. ISBN: 0-387-23994, $89.95Hazardous Materials Characterization: Evaluation Methods, Procedures, and ConsiderationsDonald A. ShaferHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 400 pp. ISBN: 0-471-46251-8, $74.95Industrial Transformation: Environmental Policy Innovation in the United States and EuropeTheo de Bruijn, Vicki Norberg-Bohm, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 376 pp. ISBN: 0-262-54181-5, $27Inventing for the EnvironmentArthur Molella, Joyce Bedi, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 424 pp. ISBN: 0-262-63328-0, $17.95Microarrays for an Integrative GenomicsIsaac S. Kohane, Alvin Kho, Atul J. ButteCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 326 pp. ISBN: 0-262-61210-0, $25Ontologies for BioinformaticsKenneth Baclawski, Tianhua NiuCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 440 pp. ISBN: 0-262-02591-4, $45Polluted Promises: Environmental Racism and the Search for Justice in a Southern TownMelissa CheckerNew York:New York University Press, 2005. 288 pp. ISBN: 0-8147-1658-X, $22Power, Justice, and the Environment: A Critical Appraisal of the Environmental Justice MovementDavid Naguib Pellow, Robert J. Brulle, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 352 pp. ISBN: 0-262-16233-4, $62Precautionary Tools for Reshaping Environmental PolicyEdited by Nancy J. Myers, Carolyn RaffenspergerCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 400 pp. ISBN: 0-262-13458-6, $62Scarcity and Growth Revisited: Natural Resources and the Environment in the New MillenniumR. David Simpson, Michael A. Toman, Robert U. Ayres, eds.Washington, DC:RFF Press, 2005. 320 pp. ISBN: 1-93311-510-6, $70Sustainable Development, Energy and the City: A Civilisation of Concepts and ActionsVoula MegaNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 288 pp. ISBN: 0-387-24354-2, $99"}
{"text": "PLoS Pathogens, volume 2, issue 7: DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.0020070In Page 3, column 1, line 3 should have included this reference for the Raji-DC-SIGN cells:Wu L, Martin TD, Carrington M, KewalRamani VN (2004) Raji B cells, misidentified as THP-1 cells, stimulate DC-SIGN-mediated HIV transmission. Virology 318: 17-23.The Acknowledgments should have included a thank you to V. N. KewalRamani  for the Raji-DC-SIGN cells."}
{"text": "Apoptotic Pathways as Targets for Novel Therapies in Cancer and Other DiseasesMarek Los, Spencer B. Gibson, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 396 pp. ISBN: 0-387-23384-9, $149BioIndustry EthicsDavid Finegold, Cecile Bensimon, Abdallah Daar, Margaret Eaton, Beatrice Godard, Bartha Knoppers, Jocelyn Mackie, Peter SingerBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 384 pp. ISBN: 0-12-369370-5, $34.95Chemistry and Safety of Acrylamide in FoodMendel Friedman, Don Mottram, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 475 pp. ISBN: 0-387-23920-0, $169Chernobyl: Catastrophe, Consequences and SolutionsJim Smith, Nicholas A. BeresfordNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 200 pp. ISBN: 3-540-23866-2, $119Encyclopedic Reference of ImmunotoxicologyHans-Werner Vohr, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 730 pp. ISBN: 3-540-44172-7, $299Environmental Health: From Global to LocalHoward Frumkin, ed.San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass, 2005. 1,250 pp. ISBN: 0-7879-7383-1, $65Facilitating Interdisciplinary ResearchCommittee on Facilitating Interdisciplinary Research, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, Institute of MedicineWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 332 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09435-6, $42Handbook of Isoelectric Focusing and ProteomicsDavid Garfin, Satinder AhujaBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 380 pp. ISBN: 0-12-088752-5, $215Integrative Physiology in the Age of Genomics and ProteomicsWolfgang WalzTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2005. 280 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-315-7, $99.50Intelligent Bioinformatics: The Application of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Bioinformatics ProblemsEdward Keedwell, Ajit NarayananHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 294 pp. ISBN: 0-470-02175-6, $110Metabolome Analyses: Strategies for Systems BiologySeetharaman Vaidyanathan, George G. Harrigan, Royston Goodacre, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 405 pp. ISBN: 0-387-25239-8, $129Methods in Community-Based Participatory Research for HealthBarbara A. Israel, Eugenia Eng, Amy J. Schultz, Edith A. Parker, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 528 pp. ISBN: 0-7879-7562-1, $60Molecular Biology: Understanding the Genetic RevolutionDavid ClarkBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 816 pp. ISBN: 0-12-175551-7, $94.95Molecular DiagnosticsGeorge Patrinos, Wilhelm Ansorge, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 488 pp. ISBN: 0-12-546661-7, $99.95Proteomics in Cancer ResearchDaniel C. Liebler, Emanuel F. Petricoin, Lance A. Liotta, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 202 pp. ISBN: 0-471-44476-6, $150Statistical Methods in Molecular EvolutionRasmus Nielsen, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 520 pp. ISBN: 0-387-22333-9, $89.95The p53 Tumor Suppressor Pathway and CancerGerard P. Zambetti, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 245 pp. ISBN: 0-387-24135-3, $139"}
{"text": "A Climate of Injustice: Global Inequality, North\u2013South Politics, and Climate PolicyJ. Timmons Roberts, Bradley C. ParksCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 384 pp. ISBN: 0-262-18256-4, $65Academic Scientists at WorkJeremy M. Boss, Susan H. EckertNew York:Springer, 2006. 289 pp. ISBN: 0-387-32176-4, $29.95Advanced Analysis of Gene Expression Microarray DataAidong ZhangHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2006. 356 pp. ISBN 981-256-645-7, $68Atlas of Mammalian ChromosomesStephen J. O\u2019Brien, Joan Menninger, William G. NashHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. 760 pp. ISBN: 0-471-35015-X, $350Bioinformatics For Dummies, 2nd ed.Jean-Michel Claverie, Cedric NotredameHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. 432 pp. ISBN: 0-470-08985-7, $29.99Climate Change, Justice and Future GenerationsEdward A. PageBurlington, VT:Ashgate Publishing Company, 2006. 224 pp. ISBN: 1-84376-184-X, $85.50Energy and Culture: Perspectives on the Power to WorkBrendan DooleyBurlington, VT:Ashgate Publishing Company, 2006. 264 pp. ISBN: 0-7546-4514-2, $114.95Environmental Justice and Environmentalism: The Social Justice Challenge to the Environmental MovementRonald Sandler, Phaedra C. Pezzullo, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2006. 352 pp. ISBN: 0-262-19552-6, $62Evaluation of Certain Food ContaminantsWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:World Health Organization Press, 2006. 107 pp. ISBN: 92-4-120930-5, $36Implementing The Precautionary Principle: Perspectives and ProspectsElizabeth Fisher, Judith Jones, eds.Northhampton, MA:Edward Elgar Publishing Inc., 2006. 352 pp. ISBN: 1-84542-702-5, $121.50Integrated Genomics: A Discovery-Based Laboratory CourseGuy Caldwell, Shelli Williams, Kim CaldwellHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. 240 pp. ISBN: 0-470-09501-6, $165Pesticide Residues in Food\u20142004World Health OrganizationGeneva:World Health Organization Press, 2006. 723 pp. ISBN: 92-4-166520-3, $63Phytoremediation of Metal-Contaminated SoilsJean-Louis Morel, Guillaume Echevarria, Nadezhda Goncharova, eds.New York:Springer, 2006 360 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4686-3, $169Preventing Disease through Healthy Environments: Towards an Estimate of the Environmental Burden of DiseaseA. Pr\u00fcss-Ust\u00fcn, C. Corval\u00e1nGeneva:World Health Organization Press, 2006. 104 pp. ISBN: 92-4-159382-2, $22.50SARS: How a Global Epidemic was StoppedWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:World Health Organization Press, 2006, 317 pp. ISBN: 92-9061-213-4, $36Smart Growth And Climate ChangeMatthias Ruth, Roy F. Weston, eds.Northhampton, MA:Edward Elgar Publishing Inc., 2006. 432 pp. ISBN: 1-84542-509-X, $104TetrachloroetheneWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:World Health Organization Press, 2006. 120 pp. ISBN: 92-4-153068-5, $45The International Yearbook Of Environmental and Resource Economics 2006/2007Tom Tietenberg, Henk Folme, eds.Northhampton, MA:Edward Elgar Publishing Inc., 2006. 320 pp. ISBN: 1-84542-723-8, $121.50The Practical BioinformaticianLimsoon Wong, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2006. 540 pp. ISBN 981-238-846-X, $100Toxicants in Terrestrial Ecosystems: A Guide for the Analytical and Environmental ChemistT.R. CromptonNew York:Springer, 2006. 268 pp, ISBN: 3-540-33694-X, $169"}
{"text": "Are Chemical Journals Too Expensive and Inaccessible?: A Workshop Summary to the Chemical Sciences RoundtableNed D. Heindel, Tina M. Masciangioli, Eva von Schaper, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 50 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09590-5, $18Data Analysis and Visualization in Genomics and ProteomicsFrancisco Azuaje, Joaquin Dopazo, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 284 pp. ISBN: 0-470-09439-7, $150Does the Built Environment Influence Physical Activity? Examining the Evidence\u2014Special Report 282Committee on Physical Activity, Health, Transportation, and Land UseWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 268 pp. electronic report available via PDF, freeEncyclopedic Reference of Genomics and Proteomics in Molecular MedicineDetlev Ganten, Klaus Ruckpaul, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 1,500 pp. ISBN: 3-540-44244-8, $499Energy and EnvironmentRichard Loulou, Jean-Philippe Waaub, Georges Zaccour, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 282 pp. ISBN: 0-387-25351-3, $79.95Estimating the Contributions of Lifestyle-Related Factors to Preventable Death: A Workshop SummaryPlanning Committee on Estimating the Contributions of Lifestyle-Related Factors to Preventable DeathWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 80 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09690-1, $18From Resource Scarcity to Ecological Security: Exploring New Limits to GrowthDennis Pirages, Ken Cousins, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 280 pp. ISBN: 0-262-16231-8, $60Guide to Analysis of DNA Microarray Data, 2nd ed.Steen KnudsenHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 160 pp. ISBN: 0-471-65604-6, $39.95Health Effects of Transport-Related Air PollutionMichal Krzyzanowski, Birgit Kuna-Dibbert, and J\u00fcrgen Schneider, eds.Geneva:World Health Organization, 2005. 206 pp. ISBN: 92-890-1373-7, $54Implications of Genomics for Public Health: Workshop SummaryLyla Hernandez, ed.Washington, DC:The National Academies Press, 2005. 98 pp. ISBN: 0309096073, $18Introduction to BioethicsJohn BryantHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 256 pp. ISBN: 0-470-02197-7, $125Metabolome Analyses: Strategies for Systems BiologySeetharaman Vaidyanathan, George G. Harrigan, Royston Goodacre, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 383 pp. ISBN: 0-387-25239-8, $129Modeling Biological Systems: Principles and Applications, 2nd ed.James W. HaefnerNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 480 pp. ISBN: 0-387-25011-5, $79.95Proteomics of SpermatogenesisG.S.GuptaNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 837 pp. ISBN: 0-387-25398-X, $179RNA SilencingEsra GalunHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2005. 468 pp. ISBN: 981-256-206-0, $78Stem Cells: From Bench to BedsideAriff Bongso, Eng Hin Lee, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2005. 700 pp. ISBN: 981-256-126-9, $112The Carcinogenic Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsAndreas Luch, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2005. 740 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-417-5, $178Viral Genome Packaging: Genetics, Structure, and MechanismC.E. Catalano, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 164 pp. ISBN: 0-306-48227-4, $139World Health Statistics 2005World Health OrganizationGeneva:World Health Organization, 2005. 95 pp. ISBN: 92-4-159326-1, $36"}
{"text": "Biodefense: Principles and PathogensMichael S. Bronze, Ronald A. Greenfield, eds.Norwich, UK:Horizon Scientific Press, 2005. 838 pp. ISBN: 1-904933-12-2, $380Chemoinformatics in Drug DiscoveryTudor I. Oprea, Raimund Mannhold, Hugo Kubinyi, Gerd Folkers, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 515 pp. ISBN: 3-527-30753-2, $185Climate Crash: Abrupt Climate Change and What It Means for Our FutureJohn D. CoxWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 224 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09312-0, $27.95Decision Making for the Environment: Social and Behavioral Science Research PrioritiesGarry D. Brewer, Paul C. Stern, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09540-9, $45Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and BioinformaticsMichael J. Dunn, Lynn B. Jorde, Peter F.R. Little, Shankar Subramaniam, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 3,700 pp. ISBN: 0-471-84974-6, $1,660Environmental Economics for Tree Huggers and Other SkepticsWilliam K. JaegerWashington, DC:Island Press, 2005. 240 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-668-8, $22.50EU Environmental Law: Challenges, Change and Decision-MakingMaria LeeOxford, UK:Hart Publishing, 2005. 270 pp. ISBN: 1-84113-410-4, $50Fundamentals of EcogeneticsLucio G. Costa, David L. Eaton, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 516 pp. ISBN: 0-471-46781-2, $110Global Public Health Communication: Challenges, Perspectives and StrategiesMuhiuddin HaideSudbury, MA:Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2005. 450 pp. ISBN: 0-7637-4776-9, $68.95International Public Health: Diseases, Programs, Systems, and PoliciesMichael Merson, Robert Black, Anne MillsSudbury, MA:Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2005. 775 pp. ISBN: 0-7637-2874-8, $87.95Nutrigenomics: Concepts and TechnologiesJames Kaput, Raymond L. Rodriguez, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 320 pp. ISBN: 0-471-68319-1, $79.95Proteomics for Biological DiscoveryTimothy D. Veenstra, John R. YatesHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 320 pp. ISBN: 0-471-16005-9, $59.95Scarcity and Growth Revisited : Natural Resources and the Environment in the New MillenniumR. David Simpson, Michael A. Toman, Robert U. AyresWashington, DC:RFF Press, 2005. 320 pp. ISBN: 1-933115-10-6, $70The Politics of the Global Oil IndustryToyin Falola, Ann GenovaWestport, CT:Praeger, 2005. 280 pp. ISBN: 0-275-98400-1, $44.95Toxicogenomic Technologies and Risk Assessment of Environmental Carcinogens: A Workshop SummaryCommittee on How Toxicogenomics Could Inform Critical Issues in Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Environmental Chemicals, Committee on Emerging Issues and Data on Environmental Contaminants, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 55 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09700-2, $12"}
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{"text": "Comparative Genomics: RECOMB 2004 International Workshop, RCG 2004Jens Lagergren, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 133 pp. ISBN: 3-540-24455-7, $58DNA Methylation and Cancer TherapyMoshe Szyf, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 255 pp. ISBN: 0-306-47848-X, $139Environmental Chemistry: Chemistry of Major Environmental CyclesTeh Fu YenHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2005. 650 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-474-4, $76Essentials of Medical Geology: Impacts of the Natural Environment on Public HealthOlle SelinusBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 832 pp. ISBN: 0-12-636341-2, $99.95Evaluation of Enzyme Inhibitors in Drug Discovery: A Guide for Medicinal Chemists and PharmacologistsRobert A. CopelandHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-471-68696-4, $84.95Fed Up! Winning the War Against Childhood ObesitySusan OkieWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 336 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09310-4, $27.95Global Intelligence and Human Development: Toward an Ecology of Global LearningMihai I. SpariosuCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 296 pp. ISBN: 0-262-69316-X, $23Global Warming: A Very Short IntroductionMark MaslinNew York:Oxford University Press, 2005. 184 pp. ISBN: 0-19-284097-5, $9.95Handbook of RNA Biochemistry, 2 Vols.Roland Karl Hartmann, Albrecht Bindereif, Astrid Sch\u00f6n, Eric Westhof, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 932 pp. ISBN: 3-527-30826-1, $385London\u2019s Environment: Prospects for a Sustainable World CityJulian Hunt, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2005. 350 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-486-8, $80Natural Arsenic in GroundwaterJ. Bundschuh, P. Bhattacharya, D. ChandrasekharamLeiden, The Netherlands:A.A. Balkema Publishers, 2005. 356 pp. ISBN: 4-1536-700-X, $109Occupational and Residential Exposure Assessment for PesticidesClaire Franklin, John WorganHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. 438 pp. ISBN: 0-471-48989-1, $198Paths to a Green World: The Political Economy of the Global EnvironmentJennifer Clapp, Peter DauvergneCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 336 pp. ISBN: 0-262-03329-1, $62Reviews of Environmental Contamination and ToxicologyGeorge W. WareNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 243 pp. ISBN: 0-387-22398-3, $129RNA MethodologiesRobert Farrell Jr.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 688 pp. ISBN: 0-12-249696-5, $99.95Science and Technology in the National Interest: Ensuring the Best Presidential and Federal Advisory Committee Science and Technology AppointmentsCommittee on Ensuring the Best Presidential and Federal Advisory Committee Science and Technology AppointmentsWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2005. 224 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09297-3, $45.50Street Science: Community Knowledge and Environmental Health JusticeJason CorburnCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 304 pp. ISBN: 0-262-03333-X, $60The State and the Global Ecological CrisisJohn Barry, Robyn Eckersley, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2005. 368 pp. ISBN: 0-262-02581-7, $67"}
{"text": "A History of Epidemiologic Methods and ConceptsAlfredo Morabia, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 405 pp. ISBN: 3-7643-6818-7, $119Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle: Assessing the Impacts of Fertilizer Use on Food Production and the EnvironmentArvin R. Mosier, Keith Syers, John R. Freney, eds.Washington, DC:Island Press, 2004. 374 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-710-2, $40Carbon Dioxide Utilization for Global SustainabilitySang-Eon Park, Jong-San Chang, Kyu-Wan Lee, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 625 pp. ISBN: 0-444-51600-X, $253Cell Surface Receptors: A Short Course on Theory and MethodsLee E. LimbirdNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 218 pp. ISBN: 0-387-23069-6, $85Corporate Environmentalism and Public PolicyThomas P. Lyon, John W. MaxwellCambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2004. 306 pp. ISBN: 0-521-81947-4, $85Electronic Scientific, Technical, and Medical Journal Publishing and Its Implications: Report of a SymposiumCommittee on Electronic Scientific, Technical, and Medical Journal Publishing, The National AcademiesWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2004. 122 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09161-6, $28.25G Protein Coupled Receptor-Protein InteractionsSusan R. George, Brian F. O\u2019Dowd, David R. Sibley, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 320 pp. ISBN: 0-471-23546-6, $149Global Carbon Cycle Integrating Humans, Climate, and the Natural WorldChristopher B. Field, Michael R. Raupach, eds.Washington, DC:Island Press, 2004. 568 pp. ISBN: 1-55963-527-4, $45How Cancer WorksLauren SompayracSudbury, MA:Jones and Bartlettt Publishers, 2004. 110 pp. ISBN: 0-7637-1821-1, $26.95Make Your Mark in Science: Creativity, Presenting, Publishing, and Patents, A Guide for Young ScientistsClaus Ascheron, Angela KickuthHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2004. 256 pp. ISBN: 0-471-65733-6, $29.95Novel Compounds From Natural Products in the New Millennium: Potential and ChallengesBenny K-H Tan, Boon-Huat Bay, Yi-Zhun ZhuRiver Edge, NJ:World Scientific, 2004. 336 pp. ISBN: 981-256-113-7, $65Petit Point: A Candid Portrait on the Aberrations of SciencePierre-Gilles de GennesRiver Edge, NJ:World Scientific, 2004. 80 pp. ISBN: 981-256-011-4, $14Rachel Carson: A BiographyArlene R. QuaratielloWestport, CT:Greenwood, 2004. 168 pp. ISBN: 0-313-32388-7, $29.95Science and Technology in the National Interest: Ensuring the Best Presidential and Federal Advisory Committee Science and Technology AppointmentsCommittee on Ensuring the Best Presidential and Federal Advisory Committee Science and Technology AppointmentsWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2004. 224 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09512-3, $50.50Setting Priorities for Large Research Facility Projects Supported by the National Science FoundationCommittee on Setting Priorities for NSF-Sponsored Large Research Facility Projects, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2004. 236 pp. ISBN: 0-309-09084-9, $41.50The Genetic Code and the Origin of LifeLluis Ribas de Pouplana, Godfrey Maurice, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 270 pp. ISBN: 0-306-47843-9, $145Teen Guides to Environmental ScienceJohn Mongillo, Peter MongilloWestport, CT:Greenwood, 2004.Five Volumes, ISBN: 0-313-32183-3, $249.95"}
{"text": "Climate Change: What It Means for Us, Our Children, and Our GrandchildrenJoseph F.C. DiMento, Pamela M. Doughman, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 232 pp. ISBN: 0-262-04241-X, $60Congenital Diseases and the EnvironmentP. Nicolopoulou-Stamati, L. Hens, C.V. Howard, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 471 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4830-2, $185Darwin\u2019s Gift: to Science and ReligionFrancisco AyalaWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 256 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10231-6, $24.95Food Toxicants Analysis: Techniques, Strategies and DevelopmentsYolanda Pic\u00f2, ed.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 786 pp. ISBN: 0-444-52843-1, $195Fueling our Future: An Introduction to Sustainable EnergyRobert L. EvansCambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 192 pp. ISBN: 0-521-86563-0, $109.99Globalisation and Sustainable DevelopmentVladimir F. Krapivin, Costas A. VarotsosNew York:Springer, 2007. 308 pp. ISBN: 3-540-70661-8, $129Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals, 3rd ed.Gunnar Nordberg, Bruce Fowler, Monica Nordberg, Lars Friberg, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 1,024 pp. ISBN: 0-12-369413-2, $299.95Histopathology of Preclinical Toxicity Studies, 3rd ed.Peter GreavesBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 960 pp. ISBN: 0-444-52771-0, $159Peace Parks: Conservation and Conflict ResolutionSaleem H. Ali, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 432 pp. ISBN: 0-262-01235-9, $72Phytoremediation: Methods and ReviewsNeil Willey, ed.New York:Springer, 2007. 516 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-541-5, $135Plutonium: A History of the World\u2019s Most Dangerous ElementJeremy BernsteinWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 208 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10296-0, $27.95Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) for Pesticide Regulatory PurposesEmilio Benfenati, ed.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 532 pp. ISBN: 0-444-52710-9, $210Resisting Global Toxics: Transnational Movements for Environmental JusticeDavid Naguib PellowCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 336 pp. ISBN: 0-262-16244-X, $62Rivertown: Rethinking Urban RiversPaul Stanton Kibel, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 232 pp. ISBN: 0-262-11307-4, $55The Next Catastrophe: Reducing Our Vulnerabilities to Natural, Industrial, and Terrorist DisastersCharles PerrowPrinceton, NJ:Princeton University Press, 2007. 388 pp. ISBN: 0-691-12997-6, $29.95The Working Landscape: Founding, Preservation, and the Politics of PlacePeter F. Cannav\u00f2Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 416 pp. ISBN: 0-262-03364-X, $70Understanding Multiple Environmental Stresses: Report of a WorkshopCommittee on Earth\u2013Atmosphere Interactions, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 154 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10331-2, $33.75Validation of Toxicogenomic Technologies: A Workshop SummaryCommittee on Validation of Toxicogenomic Technologies, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 98 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10413-0, $18Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical PrinciplesRamesh C. Gupta, ed.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 1,224 pp. ISBN: 0-12-370467-7, $99.95What We Know About Climate ChangeKelly EmanuelCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 96 pp. ISBN: 0-262-05089-7, $14.95"}
{"text": "Academia to Biotechnology: Career Changes at any StageJeffrey GimbleBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 186 pp. ISBN: 0-12-284151-4, $34.95Cancers in the Urban EnvironmentThomas MackBurlington, MA:Academic Press, 2004. 656 pp. ISBN: 0-12-464351-5, $99.95Cell Cycle Control: Mechanisms and ProtocolsTim Humphrey, Gavin BrooksTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 416 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-144-8, $99.50Climate Change, Policy, and Global TradeChristoph B\u00f6hringer, Andreas L\u00f6schel, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 381 pp. ISBN: 3-7908-0171-2, $79.95Drug Metabolism and Transport: Molecular Methods and MechanismsLawrence H. LashTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 430 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-324-6, $125Handbook of Bioethics: Taking Stock of the Field from a Philosophical PerspectiveGeorge Khushf, ed.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 574 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-1870-3, $257Handbook of Immunohistochemistry and in Situ Hybridization of Human CarcinomasM. Hayat, ed.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 400 pp. ISBN: 0-12-333941-3, $169.95Immunochemical Protocols, 3rd ed.Robert BurnsTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2004. 325 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-274-6, $99.50Immunology GuidebookJulius Cruse, Robert Lewis, Huan Wang, eds.Burlington, MA:Academic Press, 2004. 1,000 pp. ISBN: 0-12-198382-X, $125Man-Made and Natural Radioactivity in Environmental Pollution and RadiochronologyRichard Tykva, Dieter Berg, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 428 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-1860-6, $149Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis: Contributions of Molecular EpidemiologyP. Bufffler, J. Rice, M. Bird, P. Boffetta, eds.Lyon, France:IARC Press, 2004. 460 pp. ISBN: 92-832-2157-5, $40Metals in Society and in the Environment: A Critical Review of Current Knowledge on Fluxes, Speciation, Bioavailability and Risk for Adverse Effects of Copper, Chromium, Nickel and ZincLars Landner, Rudolf ReutherNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 407 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-2740-0, $99Methods in Modern BiophysicsBengt N\u00f6ltingNew York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 254 pp. ISBN: 3-540-01297-4, $59.95Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and HeartW.D. Travis, E. Brambilla, H.K. M\u00fcller-Hermelink, C.C. Harris, eds.Lyon, France:IARC Press, 2004. 344 pp. ISBN: 92-832-2418-3, $110Pursuing the Endless Frontier: Essays on MIT and the Role of Research UniversitiesCharles M. VestCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2004. 200 pp. ISBN: 0-262-22072-5, $24.95Regulatory Mechanisms of Intracellular Membrane TransportSirkka Ker\u00e4nen, Jussi J\u00e4ntti, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 214 pp. ISBN: 3-540-22302-9, $149Risk Assessment as a Tool for Water Resources Decision-Making in Central AsiaChristopher M. Teaf, Bulat K. Yessekin, Mikhail Kh. Khankhasayev, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 338 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-1840-1, $154Scientific Papers and Presentations, 2nd ed.Martha DavisBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2004. 384 pp. ISBN: 0-12-088424-0, $29.95Stem Cells in Development and DiseaseGerald SchattenBurlington, MA:Academic Press, 2004. 270 pp. ISBN: 0-12-153160-0, $149.95The Laboratory MouseHans Hedrich, ed.Burlington, MA:Academic Press, 2004. 656 pp. ISBN: 0-12-336425-6, $199.95Transcription FactorsManfred Gossen, J\u00f6rg Kaufmann, Steven J. Triezenberg, eds.New York:Springer-Verlag, 2004. 581 pp. ISBN: 3-540-21095-4, $399"}
{"text": "A Handbook of Globalisation and Environmental PolicyFrank Wijen, Jan Pieters, eds.Northampton, MA:Edward Elgar, 2005. 768 pp. ISBN: 1-84376-913-1, $229.50Biological and Pharmaceutical NanomaterialsChalla S.S.R. Kumar, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2006. 427 pp. ISBN: 3-527-31382-6, $195Cancer Bioinformatics\u2014From Therapy Design to TreatmentSylvia Nagl, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2006. 288 pp. ISBN: 0-470-86304-8, $130Cancer: Cell Structures, Carcinogens and Genomic InstabilityLeon P. Bignold, ed.New York:Springer, 2006. 375 pp. ISBN: 3-7643-7156-0, $159Challenged Earth: An Overview of Humanity\u2019s Stewardship of EarthStephen F. LincolnHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2006. 548 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-526-0, $59Environmental and Health Risk Assessment and ManagementPaolo F. RicciNew York:Springer, 2006. 478 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3775-9, $159Environmental Exposure and HealthM.M. Aral, C.A. Brebbia, M.L. Maslia, T. SinksBillerica, MA:WIT Press, 2005. 528 pp. ISBN: 1-84564-029-2, $325Environmental Health Risk IIIC.A. Brebbia, V. Popov, D. Fayzieva, eds.Billerica, MA:WIT Press, 2005. 528 pp. ISBN: 1-84564-026-8, $325Environmental Security and Environmental Management: The Role of Risk Assessment [NATO Security through Science Series]Benoit Morel, Igor Linkov, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 325 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3891-7, $159Genome Exploitation: Data Mining the GenomeJ. Perry Gustafson, ed.New York:Springer, 2006. 252 pp. ISBN: 0-387-24123-X, $129Handbook of Global Environmental PoliticsPeter Dauvergne, ed.Northampton, MA:Edward Elgar, 2005. 560 pp. ISBN: 1-84376-466-0, $193.50Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes: Substitution as an Innovative ProcessA. Ahrens, A. Braun, A.V. Gleich, K. Heitmann, L. Li\u00dfnerNew York:Springer, 2006. 152 pp. ISBN: 3-7908-1642-6, $64.95Nature Not Mocked: Places, People and SciencePeter DayHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2006. 200 pp. ISBN: 1-86094-576-7, $48Policymaking for a Good Society: The Social Fabric Matrix Approach to Policy Analysis and Program EvaluationF. Gregory HaydenNew York:Springer, 2006. 251 pp. ISBN: 0-387-29369-8, $84.95Principles of Toxicology, 2nd ed.Karen Stine, Thomas M. BrownBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2006. 392 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-2856-X, $79.95Proteomics and Protein\u2013Protein Interactions: Biology, Chemistry, Bioinformatics, and Drug DesignGabriel Waksman, ed.New York:Springer, 2006. 324 pp. ISBN: 0-387-24531-6, $139The ABCs of Gene Cloning, 2nd ed.Dominic W.S. WongNew York:Springer, 2006. 260 pp. ISBN: 0-387-28663-2, $39.95The Implicit GenomeLynn Helena Caporale, ed.New York:Oxford University Press, 2006. 336 pp. ISBN: 0-19-517270-1, $99The Nanotech Pioneers: Where Are They Taking Us?Steven A. EdwardsHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2006. 254 pp. ISBN: 3-527-31290-0, $35Understanding Industrial Transformation: Views from Different DisciplinesXander Olsthoorn, Anna J.Wieczorek, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 226 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3755-4, $109"}
{"text": "Advances in GeneticsJeffrey Hall, ed.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2006. 224 pp. ISBN: 0-12-017656-4, $149.95Artists-in-Labs: Processes of InquiryJill Scott, ed.New York:Springer, 2006. 136 pp. ISBN: 3-211-27957-1, $25.95Bioinformatics: Genomics and Post-GenomicsFr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Dardel, Fran\u00e7ois K\u00e9p\u00e8sHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. 272 pp. ISBN: 0-470-02001-6, $79.95Data Mining for Biomedical ApplicationsJinyan Li, Qiang Yang, Ah-Hwee Tan, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 155 pp. ISBN: 3-540-33104-2, $58Enhancing Philanthropy\u2019s Support of Biomedical Scientists: Proceedingsof a Workshop on EvaluationGeorge R. Reinhart, ed.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2006. 146 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10097-6, $29.25Environmental Chemistry at a GlanceIan Pulford, Hugh FlowersMalden, MA:Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 144 pp. ISBN: 1-405-13532-8, $29.95Environmental Impacts of Treated WoodTimothy G. Townsend, Helena Solo-GabrieleBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2006. 520 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-6495-7, $139.95Fundamental Molecular BiologyLizabeth AllisonMalden, MA:Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 600 pp. ISBN: 1-405-10379-5, $109.95Geoenvironmental SustainabilityRaymond N. Yong, Catherine N. Mulligan, Masaharu FukueBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2006. 400 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-2841-1, $129.95Human Developmental Toxicants: Aspects of Toxicology and ChemistryJames L. Schardein, Orest T. MacinaBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2006. 472 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-7229-1, $159.95Human Genetics and Genomics, 3rd ed.Bruce R. KorfMalden, MA:Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 488 pp. ISBN: 0-632-04656-2, $54.95Mercury Hazards to Living OrganismsRonald EislerBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2006. 336 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-9212-8, $169.95Natural Disasters as Interactive Components of Global-EcodynamicsKirill Ya Kondratyev, Vladimir F. Krapivin, Costas A. VarostosNew York:Springer, 2006. 579 pp. ISBN: 3-540-31344-3, $209Pesticides: Health, Safety and the EnvironmentG. A. MatthewsMalden, MA:Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 248 pp. ISBN: 1-405-13091-1, $159.99Principles of Gene Manipulation and Genomics, 7th ed.Sandy Primrose, Richard TwymanMalden, MA:Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 668 pp. ISBN: 1-405-13544-1, $94.95Scaling and Uncertainty Analysis in EcologyJ. Wu, K. B. Jones, H. Li, O. L. Loucks, eds.New York:Springer, 2006. 313 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-4662-6, $119The Molecular Biology of CancerStella Pelengaris, ed.Malden, MA:Blackwell Publishing, 2006. 500 pp. ISBN: 1-405-11814-8, $74.95The Regulatory Genome: Gene Regulatory Networks In Development And EvolutionEric DavidsonBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2006. 304 pp. ISBN: 0-12-088563-8, $69.95To Recruit and Advance: Women Students and Faculty in U.S. Science andEngineeringCommittee on the Guide to Recruiting and Advancing Women Scientists andEngineers in Academia, Committee on Women in Science and Engineering, NationalResearch CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2006. 150 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10204-9, $33.26Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents: Interim ReportCommittee on Toxicity Testing and Assessment of Environmental Agents, NationalResearch CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2006. 270 pp. ISBN: 0-309-10092-5, $36"}
{"text": "Cancun, MexicoInformations: George SilvayPhone: 212 241 8346Fax: 212 876 2009george.silvay@mountsinai.orgE-mail: www.clinicalupdateinanesthesiology.orgSite: Toronto, CanadaInformations: Continuing Professional Development, University of TorontoPhone: (416) 978-2719info-sur1785@cpdtoronto.caE-mail: www.cpd.utoronto.ca/cardiactumoursSite: Houston, United StatesInformations: The Society of Thoracic Surgeonseducation@sts.orgE-mail: www.sts.org/annualmeetingSite: Houston, United StatesInformations: Jim CookPhone: (513) 451-7597jcook@yourmembership.comE-mail: Zurich, SwitzerlandInformations: Judith KutnjakPhone: +43 1 867 49 44 22judith.kutnjak@ee-hsec.orgE-mail: http://heart-team.org/2017-Mitral_Valve_Meeting/index.phpSite: Leeds, United KingdomInformations: Linda CatonPhone: +44 11320 68760linda.caton@nhs.netE-mail: http://www.vatscourse.com/Site: London, United KingdomInformations: AmyPhone: 7025085200Fax: 02073518544morphology@rbht.nhs.ukE-mail: www.rbht.nhs.uk/cardiacmorphologySite:"}
{"text": "New York, United StatesInformations: Arthur J. Smerling, MDajs8@cumc.columbia.eduE-mail: register.columbiacme.org/conference.cgi?rm=view&conference_id=814481Site:Bethesda, United StatesInformations: American Association for Thoracic SurgeryPhone: 978-252-2200meetings@aats.orgE-mail: www.aats.org/grantwritingSite: Belfast, United KingdomInformations: Isabelle FernerPhone: +44 (0)7949211636sctsadmin@scts.orgE-mail: www.scts.orgSite: Prague, Czech RepublicInformations: Sue HesfordPhone: + 44 7841519795Fax: + 44 1392 430671sue@ests.org.ukE-mail: www.ests.orgSite: London, United KingdomInformations: Ileana PeterPhone: 702-508-5200cardiovascular@cardiologyconference.orgE-mail: cardiovascular.conferenceseries.comSite: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTSPhone: + 44 7841519795Fax: + 44 1392 430671info@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Z\u00fcrs am Arlberg, United KingdomInformations: Beatrix SecklPhone: +43 664 88 671 571Fax: +43 274 222 210 015office@conventive.atE-mail: www.cardiovascular.atSite: Paris, FranceInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.orgSite: Seoul, South KoreaInformations: Jiwon YoonPhone: +82-2-3452-0507Fax: +82-2-521-8683reg@ascvts2017.orgE-mail: www.ascvts2017.orgSite: Izmir, TurkeyInformations: Prof. Dr. Oztekin OtoPhone: 0090 532 701 4241Fax: 0090 4642470oztekinoto@oztekinoto.comE-mail: www.uccvs2017.orgSite: Informations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Chicago, United StatesInformations: Michelle Taylorwww.sts.org/roboticsSite: Houston, United StatesInformations: CMEPhone: 713.441.4971cme@houstonmethodist.orgE-mail: events.houstonmethodist.org/cmriSite: La Jolla, United StatesInformations: Angela Kinnunenwww.ctsurgery.pitt.edu/E-mail: Cairo, EgyptInformations: Dr. Deepak PuriPhone: +919814332901drdeephearts@gmail.comE-mail: www.cardiomersion.comSite: Cairo, EgyptInformations: Sameh M. ElameenPhone: +201001413339sameh.elameen@gmail.comE-mail: www.escts2017.comSite: Houston, United StatesInformations: CMEPhone: 713-441-4971cme@houstonmethodist.orgE-mail: https://events.houstonmethodist.org/reevolutionSite: Toronto, CanadaInformations: Nancy Bushinfo-ANS1705@cpdtoronto.caE-mail: www.cpd.utoronto.ca/anesthesia/Site: London, United KingdomInformations: Sharon WilliamsPhone: 7025085200sw124143@gmail.comE-mail: pediatriccardiology.conferenceseries.com/europe/Site: Berlin, GermanyInformations: Randi Wilsoneacta@ics.dkE-mail: www.eacta.org/congress-events/calendar-of-events/Site: Copenhagen, DenmarkInformations: Sue HesfordPhone: + 44 7841519795Fax: + 44 1392 430671sue@ests.org.ukE-mail: www.ests.org/Site: Rio de Janeiro, BrazilInformations: Brazilian Society of Cardiovascular SurgeryPhone: +55 (11) 3849-0341sbccv@sbccv.org.brE-mail: sbccv.org.br/44congressoSite: Vienna, AustriaInformations: Marek EhrlichPhone: +4314040056200marek.ehrlich@meduniwien.ac.atE-mail: www.visar.atSite: New York, United StatesInformations: The American Association for Thoracic SurgeryPhone: 978-252-2200Fax: 978-522-8469meetings@aats.orgE-mail: aats.org/mitralSite: Boston, United StatesInformations: American Association for Thoracic SurgeryPhone: 978-252-2200meetings@aats.orgE-mail: www.aats.org/innovationSite: Boston, United StatesInformations: American Association for Thoracic SurgeryPhone: 978-252-2200meetings@aats.orgE-mail: http://www.aats.org/centennialSite: Lausanne, SwitzerlandInformations: Paragon GroupPhone: +41225330948Fax: +41 (0) 22 5802 953GTito@paragong.comE-mail: San Antonio, United StatesInformations: CMEPhone: 713.441.4971cme@houstonmethodist.orgE-mail: Cambridge, United StatesInformations: Harvard Medical SchoolPhone: (617) 384-8600ceprograms@hms.harvard.eduE-mail: Innsbruck, AustriaInformations: Sue HesfordPhone: + 44 1392 430671sue@ests.org.ukE-mail: www.ests.orgSite:"}
{"text": "Date of publication: 21 November 2016Mycobacterium chimaera associated with the 3T heater-cooler system used during open-heart surgeryInvasive cardiovascular infection by http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/RRA-mycobacterium-chimaera-November-2016.pdfDate of publication: 18 November 2016Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) in Europehttp://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/risk-assessment-avian-influenza-H5N8-europe.pdfDate of publication: 10 November 2016Systematic review on hepatitis B and C prevalence in the EU/EEAhttp://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/systematic-review-hepatitis-B-C-prevalence.pdfDate of publication: 21 November 2016HIV testing in Europehttp://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/HIV-testing-guidance-evaluation.pdfDate of publication: 18 November 2016Last-line antibiotics are failing: options to address this urgent threat to patients and healthcare systemshttp://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/antibiotic-resistance-policy-briefing.pdfDate of publication: 29 November 2016HIV/AIDS surveillance in Europe 2015http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/HIV-AIDS-surveillance-Europe-2015.pdfDate of publication: 4 November 2016Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, September 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/influenza-virus-characterisation-september-2016.pdfDate of publication: every Fridayhttp://ecdc.europa.eu/cdtrUpdated: September 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/peer-reviewed/Pages/index.aspx"}
{"text": "BMC Palliative Care. These articles were erroneously published in volume number 17, which is listed with a publication date of 2018. However, these articles were published in final form in the year 2017.An error occurred during the publication of a number of articles in Provided below are the actual publication dates and the correct citation for each affected article. Please note that the citation refers to volume number 17 with the year as 2018.Article: 10.1186/s12904-017-0214-zPublication date: 14 July 2017.Correct citation: Firn et al. BMC Palliative Care (2018) 17:7. 10.1186/s12904-017-0214-zArticle: 10.1186/s12904-017-0221-0Publication date: 14 July 2017.Correct citation: Fox et al. BMC Palliative Care (2018) 17:9. 10.1186/s12904-017-0221-0Article: 10.1186/s12904-017-0215-yPublication date: 13 July 2017.Correct citation: Wakeham et al. BMC Palliative Care (2018) 17:8. 10.1186/s12904-017-0215-yArticle: 10.1186/s12904-017-0220-1Publication date: 11 July 2017.Correct citation: Veigh et al. BMC Palliative Care (2018) 17:6. 10.1186/s12904-017-0220-1Article: 10.1186/s12904-017-0218-8Publication date: 10 July 2017.Correct citation: Wang et al. BMC Palliative Care (2018) 17:5. 10.1186/s12904-017-0218-8Article: 10.1186/s12904-017-0217-9Publication date: 10 July 2017.Correct citation: Llobera et al. BMC Palliative Care (2018) 17:4. 10.1186/s12904-017-0217-9Article: 10.1186/s12904-017-0219-7Publication date: 6 July 2017.Correct citation: Orellana-Rios et al. BMC Palliative Care (2018) 17:3. 10.1186/s12904-017-0219-7Article: 10.1186/s12904-017-0210-3Publication date: 3 July 2017.Correct citation: Pesut et al. BMC Palliative Care (2018) 17:2. 10.1186/s12904-017-0210-3Article: 10.1186/s12904-017-0213-0Publication date: 21 June 2017.Correct citation: Reeve et al. BMC Palliative Care (2018) 17:1. 10.1186/s12904-017-0213-0Since this error was detected, the journal has resumed publication in the 2017 volume, volume number 16. In 2018, the journal will resume publication in volume number 17. The publisher apologizes for any confusion caused by this error."}
{"text": "Paris, FranceInformations: Madinina CoxPhone: +33 (0)6 35 31 40 90madinina.cox@mc-com.frE-mail: conference-thoraxparis.com/Site: Paradise Island, BahamasInformations: George Silvaygeorge.silvay@mountsinai.orgE-mail: www.clinicalupdateinanesthesiology.orgSite: Toronto, CanadaInformations: Continuing Professional Developmentwww.cpd.utoronto.ca/cardiactumours/Site:Toronto, CanadaInformations: Amy RicePhone: 416864-9911arice@lungontario.caE-mail: www.betterbreathing.ca/Site: Fort Lauderdale, United StatesInformations: STSPhone: 312-202-5800Fax: 312-202-5801education@sts.orgE-mail: sts.org/annualmeetingSite: Madrid, SpainInformation:www.cursotrasplantepulmonar.com/Site: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTSE-mail: info@eacts.co.ukwww.eacts.orgSite: Houston, United StatesInformations: Rebecca LawPhone: 7607202263Fax: 7607206263rlaw@promedicacme.comE-mail: www.houstonaorticsymposium.com/Site: Paris, FranceInformations: Sharon WilliamsPhone: 7025085200Fax: 7025085200pediatriccardiologists@pediatricsconferences.orgE-mail: pediatriccardiology.conferenceseries.com/europe/Site: Paris, FranceInformations: Cathy Smithheartfailure@cardiologyconference.orgE-mail: heartdiseases.conferenceseries.com/Site: Maastricht, NetherlandsInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.orgSite:"}
{"text": "Brussels, BelgiumInformations:Phone: +3225378701registration@co-mana.comE-mail: valvesymposium.comSite: Chicago, United StatesInformations: Office of Continuing Medical EducationPhone: 312-503-8533Fax: 312-503-4531cme@northwestern.eduE-mail: www.cme.northwestern.eduSite: Philadelphia, United StatesInformations: Eva JonesPhone: 1-702-508-5200: 8033atherosclerosis@insightconferences.comE-mail: http://atherosclerosis.conferenceseries.comSite: Singapore, SingaporeInformations: Course Secretariatnhccme@nhcs.com.sgE-mail: Cambridge, United KingdomInformations: Matthew KirkbyPhone: 01223750020matthew.kirkby@zingconferences.comE-mail: Toronto, CanadaInformations: Jessie AlisonPhone: 7025089022E-mail: hypertension@conferenceseries.comhttp://hypertension.conferenceseries.com/Site: Beijing, ChinaInformations: Meetings at AATSPhone: 978-927-8330meetings@aats.orgE-mail: http://aats.org/valvebeijing/Site: Seoul, South KoreaInformations: Pyowon Parkpwpark@skku.eduE-mail: http://www.valveforum.orgSite: Istanbul, TurkeyInformations: Randi Wilsoneacta@ics.dkE-mail: http://www.eacta.org/echocourses/eacta-echo-course-2016Site: Cape Town, South AfricaInformations: Helene UysPhone: +27 31 303 9852Fax: +27 31 303 9529info@wscts2016.co.zaE-mail: www.wscts2016.co.za/Site: Philadelphia, United StatesInformations: Ansheia SpencePhone: 215-898-6400penncme@mail.med.upenn.eduE-mail: Cape Town, South AfricaInformations: Prof. Charles Yankah and Dr. Willie KoenPhone: +49-172-3020143cyankah@web.de, wkoen@iafrica.comE-mail: www.pascats.comSite: Newcastle upon Tyne, United KingdomInformations: Anna Burleyanna.burley@aesculap-academy.comE-mail: www.aesculap-academia.co.ukSite: Homburg, GermanyInformations: Jessica KuenstlerPhone: +4961829466636Fax: +4961829466644j.kuenstler@kelcon.deE-mail: Orlando, United StatesInformations: Patti DeshaiesPhone: 919-681-6370patricia.deshaies@duke.eduE-mail: Washington, United StatesInformations: Mowahib VermillionPhone: 703-992-9948info@facts-care.orgE-mail: http://www.facts-care.org/Site: Anaheim, United StatesInformations: Martha GomezPhone: (323) 361-4941Fax: (323) 361-3668mgomez@chla.usc.eduE-mail: www.chla.org/event/cme-eventsSite: Chicago, United StatesInformations: Office of Continuing Medical EducationPhone: 312-503-8533Fax: 312-503-4531cme@northwestern.eduE-mail: Singapore, SingaporeInformations: Secretariat, the Academiasims.sssc@singhealth.com.sgE-mail: http://www.singhealthacademy.edu.sg/sdc2016Site: Birmingham, United KingdomInformations: Lorraine RichardsonPhone: +447711132946Fax: 01296 733 823lorrainerichardson1@btinternet.comE-mail: www.birminghamreviewcourse.co.ukSite: Philadelphia, United StatesInformations: Ms. Micah HollidayPhone: 215-590-5263Fax: 215-590-4342hollidaydm@email.chop.eduE-mail: www.chop.edu/aaoca-2016Site: Washington, United StatesInformations: Amy Copelandscreening@lungcanceralliance.orgE-mail: Baltimore, United StatesInformations: Laura MedekPhone: (312) 202-5839lmedek@sts.orgE-mail: Chicago, United StatesInformations: Office of Continuing Medical EducationPhone: 312-503-8533Fax: 312-503-4531cme@northwestern.eduE-mail:"}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessmentsIncrease of Legionnaires' disease in EU travellers returning from Dubai since October 2016Date of publication: 21 September 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-increase-legionnaires-disease-eu-travellers-returning-dubaiMultiple reports of locally-acquired malaria infections in the EUDate of publication: 20 September 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-multiple-reports-locally-acquired-malaria-infections-euClusters of autochthonous chikungunya cases in ItalyDate of publication: 14 September 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-clusters-autochthonous-chikungunya-cases-italyHurricane Irma: risk of communicable diseases in the affected countries Date of publication: 11 September 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-hurricane-irma-risk-communicable-diseases-affectedCluster of autochthonous chikungunya cases in FranceDate of publication: 24 August 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-cluster-autochthonous-chikungunya-cases-francePublic health risks related to communicable diseases during the Hajj 2017, Saudi Arabia, 30 August - 4 September 2017 Date of publication: 10 August 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-public-health-risks-related-communicable-diseases-duringCyclospora infections in European travellers returning from Mexico Date of publication: 21 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-cyclospora-infections-european-travellers-returning-mexicoMulti-country outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phage types 56 and 62, MLVA profile 2-11-3-3-2 and 2-12-3-3-2 infections Date of publication: 20 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-multi-country-outbreak-salmonella-enteritidis-phage-typesInfluenza A(H7N9) virus in China - implications for public health Date of publication: 3 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-ah7n9-virus-china-implications-public-health-7th-update-3-july-2017Hepatitis A outbreak in the EU/EEA mostly affecting men who have sex with menDate of publication: 28 June 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-hepatitis-outbreak-eueea-mostly-affecting-men-who-have-sexTechnical reportsAssessment of infection control, hospital hygiene capacity and training needs in the European Union Date of publication: 6 September 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/assessment-infection-control-hospital-hygiene-capacity-and-training-needsUtilising social media to support HIV/STI prevention: evidence to inform a handbook for public health programme managers Date of publication: 27 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/utilising-social-media-support-hivsti-prevention-evidence-inform-handbook-publicSeasonal influenza vaccination in Europe: vaccination recommendations and coverage rates in the EU Member States for eight influenza seasons Date of publication: 20 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/seasonal-influenza-vaccination-europeGap analysis on securing diphtheria diagnostic capacity and diphtheria antitoxin availability in the EU/EEA Date of publication: 12 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/gap-analysis-securing-diphtheria-diagnostic-capacity-and-diphtheria-antitoxinScientific adviceExpert opinion on rotavirus vaccination in infancy Date of publication: 7 September 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/expert-opinion-rotavirus-vaccination-infancyZika virus and safety of substances of human origin: a guide for preparedness activities in Europe \u2014 first updateDate of publication: 16 August 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/zika-virus-and-safety-substances-human-origin-guide-preparedness-activities-0Expert opinion on neuraminidase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of influenza - review of recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses Date of publication: 14 August 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/expert-opinion-neuraminidase-inhibitors-prevention-and-treatment-influenza-reviewTechnical documentsECDC tool for the prioritisation of infectious disease threats Date of publication: 7 August 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-tool-prioritisation-infectious-disease-threatsUtilising social media for HIV/STI prevention programmes among young people Date of publication: 24 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/utilising-social-media-hivsti-prevention-programmes-among-young-peopleSurveillance reportsGonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance in Europe, 2015 Date of publication: 24 August 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/gonococcal-antimicrobial-susceptibility-surveillance-europe-2015Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, June 2017Date of publication: 22 August 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-june-2017ECDC/EFSA/EMA second joint report on the integrated analysis of the consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food-producing animals Date of publication: 27 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdcefsaema-second-joint-report-integrated-analysis-consumption-antimicrobialHepatitis E in the EU/EEA, 2005-2015Date of publication: 11 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hepatitis-e-eueea-2005-2015ECDC communicable disease threats reportDate of publication: every Fridayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/threats-and-outbreaks/reports-and-data/weekly-threatsCorporate publicationAnnual report of the Director - 2016 Date of publication: 21 July 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/annual-report-director-2016"}
{"text": "An error occurred during the publication of a number of articles in BMC Public Health. These articles were erroneously published in volume number 18, which is listed with a publication date of 2018. However, these articles were published in final form in the year 2017.Provided below are the actual publication dates and the correct citation for each affected article. Please note that the citation refers to volume number 18 with the year as 2018.https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4535-xArticle: Publication date: 10 July 2017.Correct citation: Otu A, Ameh S, Osifo-Dawodu E, Alade E, Ekuri S, Idris J. An account of the Ebola virus disease outbreak in Nigeria: implications and lessons learnt. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4535-x-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4524-0Article: Publication date: 10 July 2017.Correct citation: Tucktuck M, Ghandour R, Abu-Rmeileh N. Waterpipe and cigarette tobacco smoking among Palestinian university students: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4524-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4536-9Article: Publication date: 10 July 2017.Correct citation: Nahimana M, Nyandwi A, Muhimpundu M, Olu O, Condo J, Rusanganwa A et al. A population-based national estimate of the prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertension in Rwanda: implications for prevention and control. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4536-9-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4554-7Article: Publication date: 11 July 2017.Correct citation: James M, Christian D, Scott S, Todd C, Stratton G, McCoubrey S et al. Active children through individual vouchers \u2013 evaluation (ACTIVE): protocol for a mixed method randomised control trial to increase physical activity levels in teenagers. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4554-7-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4565-4Article: Publication date: 11 July 2017.Correct citation: Chourasia M, Raghavendra K, Bhatt R, Swain D, Dutta G, Kleinschmidt I. Involvement of Mitanins  in active malaria surveillance, determinants and challenges in tribal populated malaria endemic villages of Chhattisgarh, India. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4565-4-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4553-8Article: Publication date: 11 July 2017.Correct citation: Ha A, Lonsdale C, Lubans D, Ng J. Increasing students\u2019 physical activity during school physical education: rationale and protocol for the SELF-FIT cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4553-8-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4513-3Article: Publication date: 11 July 2017.Correct citation: MacPhail C, Khoza N, Selin A, Julien A, Twine R, Wagner R et al. Cash transfers for HIV prevention: what do young women spend it on? Mixed methods findings from HPTN 068. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4513-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4561-8Article: Publication date: 11 July 2017.Correct citation: Yeung J, Zhang Z, Kim T. Volunteering and health benefits in general adults: cumulative effects and forms. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4561-8-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4552-9Article: Publication date: 11 July 2017.Correct citation: Kesten J, Bhattacharya A, Ashiru-Oredope D, Gobin M, Audrey S. The Antibiotic Guardian campaign: a qualitative evaluation of an online pledge-based system focused on making better use of antibiotics. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4552-9-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4548-5Article: Publication date: 11 July 2017.Correct citation: Kushnir V, Sproule B, Cunningham J. Impact of large-scale distribution and subsequent use of free nicotine patches on primary care physician interaction. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4548-5-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4551-xArticle: Publication date: 11 July 2017.Correct citation: Steenbock B, Zeeb H, Rach S, Pohlabeln H, Pischke C. Design and methods for a cluster-controlled trial conducted at sixty-eight daycare facilities evaluating the impact of \u201cJolinchenKids \u2013 Fit and Healthy in Daycare\u201d, a program for health promotion in 3- to 6-year-old children. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4551-x-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4559-2Article: Publication date: 12 July 2017.P. erratum to: determinants of vitamin D status in young adults: influence of lifestyle, sociodemographic and anthropometric factors. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4559-2Correct citation: T\u00f8nnesen R, Hovind P, Jensen L, Schwarz -https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4571-6Article: Publication date: 12 July 2017.M. erratum to: gender-specific linkages of parents\u2019 childhood physical abuse and neglect with children\u2019s problem behaviour: evidence from Japan. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4571-6Correct citation: Oshio T, Umeda -https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4555-6Article: Publication date: 12 July 2017.Correct citation: Den Broeder L, Uiters E, Hofland A, Wagemakers A, Schuit A. Local professionals\u2019 perceptions of health assets in a low-SES Dutch neighbourhood: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4555-6-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4564-5Article: Publication date: 13 July 2017.Correct citation: Szostak-W\u0119gierek D, Wa\u015bkiewicz A, Piotrowski W, Stepaniak U, Paj\u0105k A, Kwa\u015bniewska M et al. Metabolic syndrome and its components in Polish women of childbearing age: a nationwide study. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4564-5-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4580-5Article: Publication date: 14 July 2017.Correct citation: Qian L, Zhang F, Newman I, Shell D, Du W. Effects of selected socio-demographic characteristics on nutrition knowledge and eating behavior of elementary students in two provinces in China. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4580-5-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4575-2Article: Publication date: 14 July 2017.Correct citation: Srivastava A, Singh D, Montagu D, Bhattacharyya S. Putting women at the center: a review of Indian policy to address person-centered care in maternal and newborn health, family planning and abortion. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4575-2-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4534-yArticle: Publication date: 14 July 2017.Correct citation: Fredriksson M, Eriksson M, Tritter J. Who wants to be involved in health care decisions? Comparing preferences for individual and collective involvement in England and Sweden. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4534-y-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4578-zArticle: Publication date: 14 July 2017.Correct citation: Verver S, Kapata N, Simpungwe M, Kaminsa S, Mwale M, Mukwangole C et al. Feasibility of district wide screening of health care workers for tuberculosis in Zambia. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4578-z-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4588-xArticle: Publication date: 14 July 2017.Correct citation: Bethge M, Mattukat K, Fauser D, Mau W. Rehabilitation access and effectiveness for persons with back pain: the protocol of a cohort study . BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4588-x-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4567-2Article: Publication date: 14 July 2017.Correct citation: Henry K, Swiecki-Sikora A, Stroup A, Warner E, Kepka D. Area-based socioeconomic factors and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among teen boys in the United States. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4567-2-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4566-3Article: Publication date: 17 July 2017.Correct citation: Fei F, Zhong J, Yu M, Gong W, Wang M, Pan J et al. Impact of injury-related mortality on life expectancy in Zhejiang, China based on death and population surveillance data. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4566-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4577-0Article: Publication date: 17 July 2017.Correct citation: Tadesse F, Fogarty A, Deressa W. Prevalence and associated risk factors of malaria among adults in East Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4577-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4585-0Article: Publication date: 17 July 2017.Correct citation: Hoek R, Havermans B, Houtman I, Brouwers E, Heerkens Y, Zijlstra-Vlasveld M et al. Stress Prevention@Work: a study protocol for the evaluation of a multifaceted integral stress prevention strategy to prevent employee stress in a healthcare organization: a cluster controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4585-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4557-4Article: Publication date: 17 July 2017.Correct citation: Douine M, Mosnier E, Le Hingrat Q, Charpentier C, Corlin F, Hureau L et al. Illegal gold miners in French Guiana: a neglected population with poor health. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4557-4-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4584-1Article: Publication date: 18 July 2017.Correct citation: Rich P, Aarons G, Takemoto M, Cardenas V, Crist K, Bolling K et al. Implementation-effectiveness trial of an ecological intervention for physical activity in ethnically diverse low income senior centers. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4584-1-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4589-9Article: Publication date: 18 July 2017.Correct citation: Kwesiga B, Pande G, Ario A, Tumwesigye N, Matovu J, Zhu B. A prolonged, community-wide cholera outbreak associated with drinking water contaminated by sewage in Kasese District, western Uganda. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4589-9-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4591-2Article: Publication date: 18 July 2017.Correct citation: Seif S, kohi T, Moshiro C. Caretaker-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health: a cross-sectional study in Unguja-Tanzania Zanzibar. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4591-2-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4581-4Article: Publication date: 18 July 2017.Correct citation: Victor M, Lau B, Ruud T. Predictors of return to work among patients in treatment for common mental disorders: a pre-post study. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4581-4-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4586-zArticle: Publication date: 18 July 2017.Correct citation: Kushnir V, Selby P, Zawertailo L, Tyndale R, Leatherdale S, Cunningham J. Long-term effectiveness of mailed nicotine replacement therapy: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial 5-year follow-up. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4586-z-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4582-3Article: Publication date: 19 July 2017.Correct citation: de Oliveira Santos R, Vieira D, Miranda A, Fisberg R, Marchioni D, Baltar V. The traditional lunch pattern is inversely correlated with body mass index in a population-based study in Brazil. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4582-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4597-9Article: Publication date: 19 July 2017.Correct citation: Shayo G, Chitama D, Moshiro C, Aboud S, Bakari M, Mugusi F. Cost-Effectiveness of isoniazid preventive therapy among HIV-infected patients clinicaly screened for latent tuberculosis infection in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A prospective Cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4597-9-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4598-8Article: Publication date: 19 July 2017.Correct citation: Patel O, Shahulhameed S, Shivashankar R, Tayyab M, Rahman A, Prabhakaran D et al. Association between full service and fast food restaurant density, dietary intake and overweight/obesity among adults in Delhi, India. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4598-8-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4576-1Article: Publication date: 19 July 2017.Correct citation: Amaral M, Herrin W, Gulere G. Using the Uganda National Panel Survey to analyze the effect of staple food consumption on undernourishment in Ugandan children. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4576-1-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4590-3Article: Publication date: 19 July 2017.Correct citation: K\u00f5ks G, Fischer K, K\u00f5ks S. Smoking-related general and cause-specific mortality in Estonia. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4590-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4583-2Article Publication date: 20 July 2017.Correct citation: Manana P, Kuonza L, Musekiwa A, Mpangane H, Koekemoer L. Knowledge, attitudes and practices on malaria transmission in Mamfene, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa 2015. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4583-2-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4570-7Article Publication date: 20 July 2017.Correct citation: de Wit L, Fenenga C, Giammarchi C, di Furia L, Hutter I, de Winter A et al. Community-based initiatives improving critical health literacy: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative evidence. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4570-7-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4594-zArticle Publication date: 20 July 2017.Correct citation: Begen F, Barnett J, Barber M, Payne R, Gowland M, Lucas J. Parents\u2019 and caregivers\u2019 experiences and behaviours when eating out with children with a food hypersensitivity. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4594-z-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4601-4Article Publication date: 20 July 2017.Correct citation: Fan X, Zhou Z, Dang S, Xu Y, Gao J, Zhou Z et al. Exploring status and determinants of prenatal and postnatal visits in western China: in the background of the new health system reform. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4601-4-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4587-yArticle Publication date: 21 July 2017.Correct citation: Schwarzinger M, Thi\u00e9baut S, Baillot S, Mallet V, Rehm J. Alcohol use disorders and associated chronic disease \u2013 a national retrospective cohort study from France. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4587-y-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4595-yArticle Publication date: 21 July 2017.Correct citation: Mihrshahi S, Drayton B, Bauman A, Hardy L. Associations between childhood overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity and obesogenic behaviors and practices in Australian homes. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4595-y-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4593-0Article Publication date: 21 July 2017.Correct citation: Maughan-Brown B, Venkataramani A. Accuracy and determinants of perceived HIV risk among young women in South Africa. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4593-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4569-0Article Publication date: 24 July 2017.Correct citation: Eliott J, Forster A, McDonough J, Bowd K, Crabb S. An examination of Australian newspaper coverage of the link between alcohol and cancer 2005 to 2013. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4569-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4509-zArticle Publication date: 24 July 2017.Correct citation: Hambidge K, Krebs N, Garc\u00e9s A, Westcott J, Figueroa L, Goudar S et al. Anthropometric indices for non-pregnant women of childbearing age differ widely among four low-middle income populations. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4509-z-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4599-7Article Publication date: 24 July 2017.Correct citation: Helou K, El Helou N, Mahfouz M, Mahfouz Y, Salameh P, Harmouche-Karaki M. Validity and reliability of an adapted arabic version of the long international physical activity questionnaire. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4599-7-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4603-2Article Publication date: 24 July 2017.Correct citation: Shepherd S, Delgado R, Sherwood J, Paradies Y. The impact of indigenous cultural identity and cultural engagement on violent offending. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4603-2-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4579-yArticle Publication date: 24 July 2017.Correct citation: Sreeramareddy C, Ramakrishnareddy N. Association of adult tobacco use with household food access insecurity: results from Nepal demographic and health survey, 2011. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4579-y-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4532-0Article Publication date: 24 July 2017.Correct citation: Johnsen N, Davidsen M, Michelsen S, Juel K. Health profile for Danish adults with activity limitation: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4532-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4596-xArticle Publication date: 25 July 2017.Correct citation: P\u00e4rna K, P\u00f5ld M, Ringmets I. Trends in smoking behaviour among Estonian physicians in 1982\u20132014. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4596-x-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4563-6Article Publication date: 25 July 2017.Correct citation: Liang Y, Wang Y, Li Z, He L, Xu Y, Zhang Q et al. Caregiving burden and depression in paid caregivers of hospitalized patients: a pilot study in China. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4563-6-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4558-3Article Publication date: 25 July 2017.Correct citation: Wan X, Ren H, Ma E, Yang G. Mortality trends for ischemic heart disease in China: an analysis of 102 continuous disease surveillance points from 1991 to 2009. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4558-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4611-2Article Publication date: 25 July 2017.Correct citation: Chadambuka A, Katirayi L, Muchedzi A, Tumbare E, Musarandega R, Mahomva A et al. Acceptability of lifelong treatment among HIV-positive pregnant and breastfeeding women (Option B+) in selected health facilities in Zimbabwe: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4611-2-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4617-9Article Publication date: 25 July 2017.Correct citation: Ali N, Mahmood S, Manirujjaman M, Perveen R, Al Nahid A, Ahmed S et al. Hypertension prevalence and influence of basal metabolic rate on blood pressure among adult students in Bangladesh. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4617-9-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4592-1Article Publication date: 25 July 2017.Correct citation: Teuscher D, Bukman A, van Baak M, Feskens E, Renes R, Meershoek A. A lifestyle intervention study targeting individuals with low socioeconomic status of different ethnic origins: important aspects for successful implementation. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1.. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4592-1-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4610-3Article Publication date: 25 July 2017.Correct citation: Shonkoff E, Anzman-Frasca S, Lynskey V, Chan G, Glenn M, Economos C. Child and parent perspectives on healthier side dishes and beverages in restaurant kids\u2019 meals: results from a national survey in the United States. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4610-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4620-1Article Publication date: 25 July 2017.Correct citation: Grunseit A, Richards J, Merom D. Running on a high: parkrun and personal well-being. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4620-1-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4549-4Article Publication date: 26 July 2017.Correct citation: Lazarus J, Sperle I, Safreed-Harmon K, Gore C, Cebolla B, Spina A. Associations between national viral hepatitis policies/programmes and country-level socioeconomic factors: a sub-analysis of data from the 2013 WHO viral hepatitis policy report. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4549-4-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4609-9Article Publication date: 26 July 2017.Correct citation: Hakeberg M, Wide Boman U. Self-reported oral and general health in relation to socioeconomic position. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4609-9-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4602-3Article Publication date: 26 July 2017.Correct citation: Peetoom K, Crutzen R, Bohnen J, Verhoeven R, Nelissen-Vrancken H, Winkens B et al. Optimising decision making on illness absenteeism due to fever and common infections within childcare centres: development of a multicomponent intervention and study protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4602-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4605-0Article Publication date: 26 July 2017.Correct citation: Harding-Esch E, Kadimpeul J, Sarr B, Sane A, Badji S, Laye M et al. Population-based prevalence survey of follicular trachoma and trachomatous trichiasis in the Casamance region of Senegal. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4605-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4443-0Article Publication date: 26 July 2017.Correct citation: Batista M, Lawrence H, Sousa M. Oral health literacy and oral health outcomes in an adult population in Brazil. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4443-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4622-zArticle Publication date: 26 July 2017.Correct citation: Gamage A, Jayawardana P. Knowledge of non-communicable diseases and practices related to healthy lifestyles among adolescents, in state schools of a selected educational division in Sri Lanka. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4622-z-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4614-zArticle Publication date: 28 July 2017.Correct citation: Yang X, Feldman M. A reversed gender pattern? A meta-analysis of gender differences in the prevalence of non-suicidal self-injurious behaviour among Chinese adolescents. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4614-z-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4608-xArticle Publication date: 28 July 2017.Correct citation: Chung P, Zhang C, Liu J, Chan D, Si G, Hagger M. The process by which perceived autonomy support predicts motivation, intention, and behavior for seasonal influenza prevention in Hong Kong older adults. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4608-x-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4613-0Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Ward B, Kippen R, Munro G, Buykx P, McBride N, Wiggers J et al. Liquor licences issued to Australian schools. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4613-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4638-4Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Slekiene J, Mosler H. Does depression moderate handwashing in children?. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4638-4-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4626-8Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Howse E, Freeman B, Wu J, Rooney K. \u2018The university should promote health, but not enforce it\u2019: opinions and attitudes about the regulation of sugar-sweetened beverages in a university setting. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4626-8-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4633-9Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Churruca K, Mitchell R. Exploring coronial determination of intent for poisoning-related deaths in Australia, 2001\u20132013. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4633-9-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4604-1Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Herrmann A, Fischer H, Amelung D, Litvine D, Aall C, Andersson C et al. Household preferences for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in four European high-income countries: Does health information matter? A mixed-methods study protocol. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4604-1-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4647-3Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Hewett P, Austrian K, Soler-Hampejsek E, Behrman J, Bozzani F, Jackson-Hachonda N. Erratum to: cluster randomized evaluation of adolescent girls empowerment Programme (AGEP): study protocol. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4647-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4641-9Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Wuni C, Turpin C, Dassah E. Determinants of contraceptive use and future contraceptive intentions of women attending child welfare clinics in urban Ghana. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4641-9-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4628-6Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Lukaszyk C, Coombes J, Turner N, Hillmann E, Keay L, Tiedemann A et al. Yarning about fall prevention: community consultation to discuss falls and appropriate approaches to fall prevention with older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4628-6-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4642-8Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Bader R, Shihab R, Al-Rimawi D, Hawari F. Informing tobacco control policy in Jordan: assessing the effectiveness of pictorial warning labels on cigarette packs. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4642-8-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4572-5Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Indig D, Lee K, Grunseit A, Milat A, Bauman A. Pathways for scaling up public health interventions. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4572-5-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4643-7Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Alghafri T, Alharthi S, Al-farsi Y, Bannerman E, Craigie A, Anderson A. Correlates of physical activity and sitting time in adults with type 2 diabetes attending primary health care in Oman. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4643-7-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4639-3Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Idigoras I, Arrospide A, Portillo I, Arana-Arri E, Mart\u00ednez-Indart L, Mar J et al. Evaluation of the colorectal cancer screening Programme in the Basque Country (Spain) and its effectiveness based on the Miscan-colon model. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4639-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4621-0Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Kismul H, Acharya P, Mapatano M, Hatl\u00f8y A. Determinants of childhood stunting in the Democratic Republic of Congo: further analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2013\u201314. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4621-0-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4607-yArticle Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Andersen M, Williamson A, Fernando P, Wright D, Redman S. Housing conditions of urban households with Aboriginal children in NSW Australia: tenure type matters. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4607-y-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4634-8Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Osborne J, Wilson C, Duncan A, Cole S, Flight I, Turnbull D et al. Patterns of participation over four rounds of annual fecal immunochemical test-based screening for colorectal cancer: what predicts rescreening?. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4634-8-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4573-4Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Barnish M, Morgan H, Barnish J. The 2016 HIGh Heels: Health effects And psychosexual BenefITS (HIGH HABITS) study: systematic review of reviews and additional primary studies. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4573-4-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4612-1Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Saunders N, Macpherson A, Guan J, Sheng L, Guttmann A. The shrinking health advantage: unintentional injuries among children and youth from immigrant families. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4612-1-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4600-5Article Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Berglind D, Tynelius P. Objectively measured physical activity patterns, sedentary time and parent-reported screen-time across the day in four-year-old Swedish children. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4600-5-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4624-xArticle Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Decker M, Tomko C, Wingo E, Sawyer A, Peitzmeier S, Glass N et al. A brief, trauma-informed intervention increases safety behavior and reduces HIV risk for drug-involved women who trade sex. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4624-x-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4631-yArticle Publication date: 1 August 2017.Correct citation: Awua A, Wiredu E, Afari E, Tijani A, Djanmah G, Adanu R. A tailored within-community specimen collection strategy increased uptake of cervical cancer screening in a cross-sectional study in Ghana. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4631-y-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4632-xArticle Publication date: 2 August 2017.Correct citation: Yu Y, Hu S, Yang Y, Zhao X, Xue J, Zhang J et al. Successive monitoring surveys of selected banned and restricted pesticide residues in vegetables from the northwest region of China from 2011 to 2013. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4632-x-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4616-xArticle Publication date: 2 August 2017.Correct citation: Liu T, Zhu G, He J, Song T, Zhang M, Lin H et al. Early rigorous control interventions can largely reduce dengue outbreak magnitude: experience from Chaozhou, China. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1.. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4616-x-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4615-yArticle Publication date: 2 August 2017.Correct citation: Hsu J, Chang S, Lu C. Geographic Variations and Time Trends in Cancer Treatments in Taiwan. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4615-y-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4574-3Article Publication date: 2 August 2017.Correct citation: Sepp\u00e4l\u00e4 T, Hankonen N, Korkiakangas E, Ruusuvuori J, Laitinen J. National policies for the promotion of physical activity and healthy nutrition in the workplace context: a behaviour change wheel guided content analysis of policy papers in Finland. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4574-3-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4562-7Article Publication date: 2 August 2017.Correct citation: Ghosn W, Menvielle G, Rican S, Rey G. Associations of cause-specific mortality with area level deprivation and travel time to health care in France from 1990 to 2007, a multilevel analysis. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4562-7-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4606-zArticle Publication date: 2 August 2017.Correct citation: Almahdi H, Ali R, Nasir E, \u00c5str\u00f8m A. Socio-cognitive correlates of intention to use Toombak: a cross-sectional study among students (13\u201316\u00a0years) in Khartoum State, Sudan. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4606-z-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4644-6Article Publication date: 3 August 2017.Correct citation: Shysh A, Nguyen L, Guo M, Vaska M, Naugler C, Rashid-Kolvear F. The incidence of acute myeloid leukemia in Calgary, Alberta, Canada: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4644-6-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4651-7Article Publication date: 3 August 2017.Correct citation: Wu C, Zhu X, Kang Y, Cao Y, Lu P, Zhou W et al. Epidemiology of Humanpapilloma virus infection among women in Fujian, China. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4651-7-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4568-1Article Publication date: 3 August 2017.Correct citation: Mactaggart F, McDermott L, Tynan A, Gericke C. Exploring the determinants of health and wellbeing in communities living in proximity to coal seam gas developments in regional Queensland. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4568-1-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4640-xArticle Publication date: 3 August 2017.Correct citation: Ehrlich R, Montgomery A, Akugizibwe P, Gonsalves G. Public health implications of changing patterns of recruitment into the South African mining industry, 1973\u20132012: a database analysis. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4640-x-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4652-6Article Publication date: 3 August 2017.Correct citation: Yeboah K, Dodam K, Affrim P, Adu-Gyamfi L, Bado A, Owusu Mensah R et al. Metabolic syndrome and parental history of cardiovascular disease in young adults in urban Ghana. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4652-6-https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4625-9Article Publication date: 3 August 2017.Correct citation: Waters E, Gibbs L, Tadic M, Ukoumunne O, Magarey A, Okely A et al. Cluster randomised trial of a school-community child health promotion and obesity prevention intervention: findings from the evaluation of fun \u2018n healthy in Moreland!. BMC Public Health. 2017;18:1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4625-9Since this error was detected the journal has resumed publication in the 2017 volume, volume number 17. In 2018 the journal will resume publication in volume number 18. The publisher apologizes for any confusion caused by this error."}
{"text": "Toronto, CanadaInformations: Nancy BushPhone: 4169782719info-SUR1726@cpdtoronto.caE-mail: www.cpd.utoronto.ca/lungtransplant/Site: Toronto, CanadaInformations: Nancy BushPhone: 4169782719info-SUR1726@cpdtoronto.caE-mail: www.torontothoracicrefresher.ca/Site: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Marseille, FranceInformations: Judith MoonenPhone: + 31 6 29 229 655office@fecect.orgE-mail: www.fecect.orgSite: Berlin, GermanyInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Paris, FranceInformations: Raul Wilsonannualmeeting.conferenceseries.com/cardiologists/Site: Catanzaro, ItalyInformations: Prof.PasqualePhone: +39 09613695851umgaorta@unicz.itE-mail: maori.unicz.it/Site: Colorado Springs, United StatesInformations: Heather Nuttermeetings@westernthoracic.orgE-mail: meetings.westernthoracic.org/Site: Chicago, United StatesInformations: ASAIO Headquarterswww.asaio.comSite: Las Vegas, United StatesInformations: Joseph BashaPhone: 318-623-0890www.TheNewOrleansConference.comSite: Windsor, United Arab EmiratesInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Chicago, United StatesInformations: Suzanne Williamsvascular.cmesociety.com/Site: Toronto, CanadaInformations: Karlin ZoePhone: 7025085200Fax: 7025085200braininjury2017@protonmail.comE-mail: http://braininjury.alliedacademies.com/Site: New York, United StatesInformations: EJ WeldonPhone: 978-927-8330info@InternationalCoronaryCongress.comE-mail: http://InternationalCoronaryCongress.comSite: Informations:Phone: 662-547-0930Fax: 662-589-9321cdihearts@gmail.comE-mail: http://www.heartcareheart.orgSite: Astana, KazakhstanInformations: Stella Papandreopoulouinfowscts@gmail.comE-mail: www.wscts.netSite: Houston, United StatesInformations: Alan P. Stolz, M.Ed.Phone: 832-355-9930Fax: 832-355-9931astolz@bcm.eduE-mail: www.cme.texasheart.orgSite: Amsterdam, NetherlandsInformations: Jessie AlisonPhone: 7025089022Fax: 7025089022Singapore, SingaporeInformations: Evahttps://www.ATSOP.sgSite: Birmingham, United KingdomInformations: L.R. Associates - Ms. L. RichardsonPhone: 01296 733 823Fax: 01296 733 823lorrainerichardson1@btinternet.comE-mail: New York, United StatesInformations: Office of Continuing Medical EducationPhone: 646-227-2025cme@mskcc.orgE-mail: www.mskcc.org/IPcourseSite: Informations: Kathie JohnsonPhone: 8282143944heartdiseases@alliedconferences.orgE-mail: http://heartdiseases.alliedacademies.com/Site: Ia\u015fi, RomaniaInformations:https://www.eab2017romania.org/Site: Surgery Conference Cartagena, ColombiaInformations: Damon MarquisPhone: 312-202-5800Fax: 312-202-5801info@CardiovascularSurgeryConference.orgE-mail: http://www.cardiovascularsurgeryconference.orgSite: Orlando, United StatesInformations: Lindsay OppedisanoPhone: 800-253-7657; 203-263-0006 ext 120Fax: 203-263-4839loppedisano@cine-med.netE-mail: innovation.surgery.duke.ed/coursesSite: San Antonio, United StatesInformations: Daniella MosbyPhone: 4084292646heartsurgery@cmesocietyconferences.comE-mail: http://heartsurgery.cmesociety.com/Site: Williamsburg, United StatesInformations: Carol Ann RosenbergPhone: 434-924-5310uvacme@virginia.eduE-mail: www.cmevillage.comSite: Hamburg, GermanyInformations: Sue Hesfordsue@ests.org.ukE-mail: www.ests.orgSite: Rome, ItalyInformations: Akif \u00dcndar, PhDPhone: 717-379-5020Fax: 717-531-0355congressi@opbg.netE-mail: https://www.ispmcs.org/annual-conference/Site: Lecce, ItalyInformations: Gaetano Di Rienzo, MD, FETCSPhone: +39/349/6398344Fax: +39/832/661608gaetanodirienzo1@gmail.comE-mail: http://www.endoscopiatoracica.itSite:"}
{"text": "AbstractBALA \u2013 BArthropods from the Laurisilva of the Azoresiodiversity of  (1999-2004) and BALA2 projects (2010-2011) from 18 native forest fragments in seven of the nine Azorean islands .In this contribution we present detailed distribution and abundance data for arthropod species identified during the Arachnida, Chilopoda and Diplopoda represent the most remarkable cases of new island records, with more than 30% of the records being novelties. This study stresses the need to expand the approaches applied in these projects to other habitats in the Azores, and more importantly to other less surveyed taxonomic groups (e.g. Diptera and Hymenoptera). These steps are fundamental for getting a more accurate assessment of biodiversity in the archipelago.Of the total 286 species identified, 81% were captured between 1999 and 2000, a period during which only 39% of all the samples were collected. On average, arthropod richness for each island increased by 10% during the time frame of these projects. The classes  BALA I project \u2013 BArthropods from the Laurisilva of the Azoresiodiversity of  (BALA II project (2010-2011).In 1999 a group of researchers from the University of the Azores and the University of Lisbon started a long-term (1999-2004) standardized sampling program to inventory the arthropod biodiversity in native forest remnants of the Azores - the e Azores . More reAraneae, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpionida, Diplopoda, Chilopoda and Insecta . As a consequence, several new endemic taxa were described for the archipelago , 1584 km to the east (southern Europe) and 2150 km to the west (northern America) of the nearest mainland. It comprises nine main islands and some small islets, all of volcanic origin, and is located at the triple junction of the Eurasian, African and American tectonic plates. The nine islands are divided into three groups: the western group (Corvo and Flores isls.), the central group , and the eastern group (S\u00e3o Miguel and Santa Maria isls)  and some were sampled twice in that period totalling 123 samples; about 29 of those sites were resampled from 2010 to 2011 using the same protocol . Along each transect, arthropods from the soil (mainly epigean) and herbaceous vegetation were surveyed with pitfall traps, while arthropods from woody plants were sampled using a beating tray. Pitfall traps consisted of plastic cups with 4.2 cm diameter and 7.8 cm height. Thirty pitfall traps were set up per transect. Half of the traps were filled with a non-attractive ethylene glycol preservative solution (antifreeze solution), and the remaining with a general attractive solution, a modified version of Turquin . Two woody plant specimens of the most abundant species (up to three species when available) were sampled in each square. For each selected plant, a branch was chosen at random and a beating tray placed beneath. The tray consisted of a 1 m wide and 60 cm deep cloth inverted pyramid, with a plastic bag at the vertex. Five beatings were made using a stick for each plant individual sampled.Araneae, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpionida, Diplopoda, Chilopoda and Insecta  were assigned to morphospecies through comparison with a reference collection. Various taxonomists  checked the assignment to morphospecies, performed species identifications and supplied additional ecological information. The taxonomic nomenclature follows the most recent list of Azorean arthropods .All specimens are deposited in the Entomological Collection Dalberto Teixeira Pombo at the University of the Azores , under the curation of Paulo A. V. Borges  and Zopheridae  the first three letters refer to island name ;ii) the following two letters refer to fragment name ;iii) the following three characters refer to the sampling transect; andCallunavulgaris, CL = Clethraarborea, ER = Ericaazorica, FR = Frangulaazorica, IL = Ilexperadoazorica, JU = Juniperusbrevifolia, LA = Laurusazorica, MC = Morellafaya, MS = Myrsineafricana, PI = Picconiaazorica, PT = Pittosporumundulatum, VA = Vacciniumcylindraceum.iv) the next letter refers to the sampling technique: P - pitfall, B - canopy beating; for pitfall samples (P) TU \u2013 Turquin and ET \u2013 ethylene glycol; for canopy samples (B) the next two letters refer to the plant sampled: CA = For the geographical location of transects within reserves (UTM coordinates) see Suppl. material Species Diversity and Richness\u201d V.4.Accumulation curves were obtained using the software \u201chttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/chthonius-ischnocheles-10257/IntroducedCOR; FLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/chthonius-tetrachelatus-10380/IntroducedCOR; FLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Beier, 1930http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/neobisium-maroccanum-10482/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER*Biogeographical Realm: Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/homalenotus-coriaceus-8096/NativeFLO*; FAI*; PIC*; TER*; SMG; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: PalearcticMeade, 1861http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/leiobunum-blackwalli-7831/NativeFLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG*Biogeographical Realm: Western PalearcticWunderlich, 1989http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/gibbaranea-occidentalis-6895/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/mangora-acalypha-7972/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cheiracanthium-erraticum-6898/IntroducedFLO; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: PalearcticWunderlich, 2008http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cheiracanthium-floresense-7719/Azores endemicFLO*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Wunderlich, 2008http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cheiracanthium-jorgeense-7720/Azores endemicSJG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Blackwall, 1859http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/clubiona-decora-7726/NativeCOR; FLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG*; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN L. Koch, 1866http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/clubiona-genevensis-7717/IntroducedFAI; PIC*; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: PalearcticWestring, 1851http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/clubiona-terrestris-7716/IntroducedFLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; TER*; SMG; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/altella-lucida-7692/IntroducedSJG*; TERBiogeographical Realm: Western PalearcticWunderlich, 1992http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/emblyna-acoreensis-7699/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC*; GRA; SJG; TERBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/lathys-dentichelis-7083/NativeCOR; FLO*; FAI*; PIC; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN )http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/nigma-puella-7653/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN )C. L. Koch, 1838http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/dysdera-crocata-7212/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/acorigone-acoreensis-7081/Azores endemicFLO*; FAI*; PIC*; SJG*; TER; SMG*; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Wunderlich, 2008http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/acorigone-zebraneus-7753/Azores endemicSJG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/agyneta-decora-7739/IntroducedFLO*; SJG*; TERBiogeographical Realm: PalearcticWunderlich, 2008http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/agyneta-depigmentata-6947/Azores endemicFLO*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Wunderlich, 1992http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/agyneta-rugosa-7740/Azores endemicFAI*; SJG; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/canariphantes-acoreensis-12410/Azores endemicFAI; PIC; SJG*; TERBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Crespo & Bosmans, 2014http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/canariphantes-junipericola-12407/Azores endemicFLO*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Crespo & Bosmans, 2014http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/canariphantes-relictus-12412/Azores endemicSMR*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Blackwall, 1833http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/erigone-atra-7096/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Emerton, 1882http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/erigone-autumnalis-7758/IntroducedFLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/erigone-dentipalpis-7759/IntroducedFLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/lessertia-dentichelis-7773/IntroducedSMG*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/meioneta-fuscipalpa-7742/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/mermessus-bryantae-7755/IntroducedFAI; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Nearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/mermessus-fradeorum-7756/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Cosmopolitanhttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/mermessus-trilobatus-7757/IntroducedSJG*; TER*; SMG*Biogeographical Realm: Holarctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/microlinyphia-johnsoni-7150/IntroducedFAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMGAlso present: MAD; CAN )Wunderlich, 1992http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/minicia-floresensis-7215/Azores endemicFLO; PIC; SJG*; TER*; SMG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/neriene-clathrata-7772/IntroducedFAI; SJG; TER*; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Holarctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/oedothorax-fuscus-7763/IntroducedCOR; FLO*; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG*; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic; Mediterraneanhttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/palliduphantes-schmitzi-7743/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD )http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pelecopsis-parallela-7769/IntroducedFAI*; PIC; SJG; TER; SMGBiogeographical Realm: PalearcticWunderlich, 2008http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/porrhomma-borgesi-7734/Azores endemicPIC*; TER*; SMG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/prinerigone-vagans-7761/IntroducedFLO; PIC; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Wunderlich, 1992http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/savigniorrhipis-acoreensis-7160/Azores endemicFLO*; FAI; PIC; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Crespo, 2013http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/savigniorrhipis-topographicus-7061/Azores endemicSJG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/tenuiphantes-miguelensis-7084/NativeFLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD )http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/tenuiphantes-tenuis-7161/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/walckenaeria-grandis-7213/Azores endemicFLO*; PIC*; SJG*; TER; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Simon, 1883http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pardosa-acorensis-7712/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/ero-furcata-7752/IntroducedCOR; FLO*; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG*; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Blackwall, 1859http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/oecobius-navus-7963/IntroducedFAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP Wunderlich, 2008http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/orchestina-furcillata-7958/Azores endemicSMG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Wunderlich, 1992http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pisaura-acoreensis-7082/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/macaroeris-cata-7152/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN ; Romania)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/macaroeris-diligens-7736/NativeCOR; FAI; TER; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN )Wunderlich, 2008http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/neon-acoreensis-7790/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; PIC*; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pseudeuophrys-vafra-7701/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/metellina-merianae-7965/IntroducedFLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/sancus-acoreensis-7971/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; PIC; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cryptachaea-blattea-7774/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: CAN Simon, 1883http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/lasaeola-oceanica-7751/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/neottiura-bimaculata-7778/IntroducedPIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Holarctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/rhomphaea-nasica-7766/IntroducedFLO; PIC; GRA; TER; SMGAlso present: MAD Wunderlich, 1992http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/rugathodes-acoreensis-7698/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/steatoda-grossa-7691/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Hahn, 1831http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/theridion-melanurum-9697/IntroducedPIC*; SMG*; SMR*Also present: MAD Schmidt, 1956http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/theridion-musivivum-7703/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC*; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP )Canestrini, 1873http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/xysticus-cor-7922/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: PalearcticSimon, 1875http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/xysticus-nubilus-7737/IntroducedFLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Pek\u00e1r & Cardoso, 2006http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/zodarion-atlanticum-7786/IntroducedFAI; PIC; GRA; TER*; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/oxidus-gracilis-8134/IntroducedCOR; FLO*; FAI*; PIC; GRA; TER*; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN Latzel, 1884http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/brachydesmus-superus-8136/IntroducedFLO*; FAI; PIC; SJG; TER*; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP Porat, 1871http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/polydesmus-coriaceus-8146/IntroducedCOR; FLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/blaniulus-guttulatus-8151/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/choneiulus-palmatus-8152/IntroducedFLO*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/nopoiulus-kochii-8153/IntroducedFLO*; GRA; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/proteroiulus-fuscus-8154/IntroducedFLO*; FAI; TER*; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/brachyiulus-pusillus-8156/IntroducedFLO; FAI; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cylindroiulus-latestriatus-8159/IntroducedCOR; FLO*; FAI; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Afro-tropical; Australian; Nearctic; Orientalhttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cylindroiulus-propinquus-8161/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/ommatoiulus-moreletii-6874/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Verhoeff, 1900http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/haplobainosoma-lusitanum-8162/IntroducedFAI*; PIC; TER*; SMG*; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: PalearcticNewport, 1844http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/lithobius-pilicornis-pilicornis-13445/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cryptops-hortensis-8171/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER*; SMGAlso present: MAD; CAN Bergsoe & Meinert, 1866http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/geophilus-truncorum-8174/NativeFLO; FAI; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG*; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/strigamia-crassipes-8177/NativeFLO*; TER*; SMG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/dilta-saxicola-8352/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Easternern PalearcticMendes, Gaju, Bach & Molero, 2000http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/trigoniophthalmus-borgesi-8350/Azores endemicFAI*; PIC*; SJG*; TER; SMG*; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Linnaeus, 1761http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cloeon-dipterum-8286/NativeFAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/zetha-vestita-7095/NativeFLO*; FAI; PIC*; SJG; TER; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/conocephalus-chavesi-8303/Azores endemicPIC; TER; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)De Geer, 1773http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/gryllus-bimaculatus-8305/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/euborellia-annulipes-8315/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP Linnaeus, 1758http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/forficula-auricularia-8316/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/valenzuela-burmeisteri-7098/NativeFLO*; FAI*; SJG*; TER*; SMG*; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/valenzuela-flavidus-8351/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN McLachlan, 1899http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/ectopsocus-briggsi-8349/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/ectopsocus-pumilis-8331/IntroducedSMG; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: CosmopolitanEnderlein, 1906http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/ectopsocus-strauchi-8333/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP Meinander, 1975http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/elipsocus-azoricus-7156/Azores endemicCOR; FLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Badonnel, 1963http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/elipsocus-brincki-8348/Azores endemicCOR; FLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG; TER*; SMG; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/bertkauia-lucifuga-8346/NativeFAI*; TER; SMGAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/lachesilla-greeni-8334/IntroducedTER*; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/peripsocus-milleri-8341/NativeFAI*; SJG*; TER*; SMGAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/peripsocus-phaeopterus-8342/NativePIC*; SJG*; TER*; SMG; SMRAlso present: CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/peripsocus-subfasciatus-8343/NativeFAI*; TER*; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Holarctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/atlantopsocus-adustus-6897/NativeFLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN )http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/trichopsocus-clarus-7158/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Enderlein, 1905http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/lepinotus-reticulatus-8362/IntroducedTER*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/brachysteles-parvicornis-7079/NativePIC*; GRA; TER*; SMG*; SMRAlso present: CAN )http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/buchananiella-continua-7214/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/orius-laevigatus-laevigatus-13520/NativeFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/acyrthosiphon-pisum-8553/NativeFLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/amphorophora-rubi-8560/NativeFLO*; GRA; TERAlso present: MAD; CAN Koch, 1854http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/aphis-craccivora-8555/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/aulacorthum-solani-8576/NativeFLO; FAI*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cavariella-aegopodii-8590/IntroducedFLO; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Cosmopolitanhttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/dysaphis-plantaginea-8602/IntroducedFLO; FAI; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Hille Ris Lambers, 1947http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/longiunguis-luzulella-8613/IntroducedSJG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/myzus-cerasi-8641/IntroducedFLO*; TERAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/neomyzus-circumflexus-8644/IntroducedFLO*; TER; SMGAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pseudacaudella-rubida-8653/NativeFLO*; PIC; TER; SMG*; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Nearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/rhopalosiphoninus-latysiphon-7155/IntroducedFLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/rhopalosiphum-oxyacanthae-8659/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/rhopalosiphum-padi-8662/IntroducedCOR; FLO; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/rhopalosiphum-rufiabdominale-8663/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC*; GRA; SJG; TER*; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/toxoptera-aurantii-8672/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC*; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/uroleucon-erigeronense-8673/IntroducedSJG*; TER*; SMG*; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Eastern Palearctic; Near East; Nearctic; Neotropical; North Africa; Orientalhttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/philaenus-spumarius-8400/IntroducedTER; SMGAlso present: CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/anoscopus-albifrons-8403/NativeFLO*; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Quartau & Borges, 2003http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/aphrodes-hamiltoni-8404/Azores endemicFLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG*; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Ribaut, 1941http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/eupteryx-azorica-6899/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Fieber, 1866http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/opsius-stactogalus-8414/NativeCOR; FLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMRAlso present: CAN Remane & Asche, 1979http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cixius-azofloresi-8420/Azores endemicCOR; FLOBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Remane & Asche, 1979http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cixius-azomariae-8417/Azores endemicSMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Remane & Asche, 1979http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cixius-azopifajo-azofa-13516/Azores endemicFAIBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Remane & Asche, 1979http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cixius-azopifajo-azojo-13518/Azores endemicSJGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Remane & Asche, 1979http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cixius-azopifajo-azopifajo-13517/Azores endemicPICBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Lindberg, 1954http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cixius-azoricus-azoricus-13532/Azores endemicFAI; SJG; TER; SMG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Remane & Asche, 1979http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cixius-azoricus-azoropicoi-13519/Azores endemicPICBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Remane & Asche, 1979http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cixius-azoterceirae-7099/Azores endemicTERBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Lindberg, 1954http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cixius-insularis-8419/Azores endemicSMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/geotomus-punctulatus-8440/NativeFAI*; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/megamelodes-quadrimaculatus-8427/NativeFLO*; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG*; SMRAlso present: MAD )http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/anoecia-corni-8629/IntroducedFLO; PIC; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN )http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cyphopterum-adcendens-7089/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cinara-juniperi-7078/NativeCOR; FLO*; FAI*; PIC; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/beosus-maritimus-8446/NativeFLO; FAI; TER; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/gastrodes-grossipes-grossipes-13559/IntroducedTER*Biogeographical Realm: Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/heterogaster-urticae-8449/NativePIC; TER*; SMGAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/kleidocerys-ericae-7157/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/microplax-plagiata-8451/NativeSMR*Also present: CAN Horv\u00e1th, 1990http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/nysius-atlantidum-7085/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; GRA; TER; SMG; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Schilling, 1829http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/nysius-ericae-ericae-13521/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/plinthisus-brevipennis-8452/NativeFAI*; PIC; GRA; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD Fieber, 1864http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/plinthisus-minutissimus-7151/NativeFAI*; TERBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/scolopostethus-decoratus-7097/NativeFLO; FAI*; PIC; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/loricula-coleoptrata-8458/NativeFAI; SMG*; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/loricula-elegantula-8445/NativeFLO; PIC*; GRA; SMG*; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/campyloneura-virgula-8460/NativeFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Nearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/closterotomus-norwegicus-8461/NativeFLO; FAI; PIC; TER; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/heterotoma-planicornis-8462/NativeFAI; PIC; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Nearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/monalocoris-filicis-8465/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Holactic; Afro-tropical; Northern Asia http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/polymerus-cognatus-8474/NativeCOR; FLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Nearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/polymerus-vulneratus-8475/NativePIC*; TERBiogeographical Realm: NearcticRemane, 1962http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/nabis-pseudoferus-ibericus-13443/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/nezara-viridula-8482/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/acizzia-uncatoides-8547/IntroducedPIC; GRA; TER*Also present: CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cacopsylla-pulchella-8527/IntroducedPIC*Biogeographical Realm: Western PalearcticHodkinson, 1981http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/strophingia-harteni-7087/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/empicoris-rubromaculatus-8483/IntroducedPIC; TER*; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/saldula-palustris-8471/NativeTER; SMGAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/acalypta-parvula-8491/NativeFLO; FAI; PIC; TER; SMGAlso present: MAD; CAN )Hodkinson, 1990http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/trioza-laurisilvae-7090/NativeFLO*; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG; SMR*Also present: MAD; CAN )Priesner, 1919http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/aeolothrips-collaris-8269/NativeFAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Bagnall, 1914http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/aeolothrips-gloriosus-8271/NativeFAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: PalearcticHood, 1941http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/eurythrips-tristis-8370/IntroducedSJG*; TER*Biogeographical Realm: Nearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/hoplandrothrips-consobrinus-8371/IntroducedSJG*; TER; SMGAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/hoplothrips-corticis-7086/NativeFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Cosmopolitanhttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/hoplothrips-ulmi-8382/IntroducedFLO*; FAI; SJG*; TER; SMG*Also present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/nesothrips-propinquus-8383/IntroducedFAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Haliday, 1836http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/aptinothrips-rufus-8365/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/ceratothrips-ericae-8366/NativeFAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/heliothrips-haemorrhoidalis-7080/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/hercinothrips-bicinctus-7092/IntroducedFAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Bagnall, 1915http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/isoneurothrips-australis-8387/IntroducedTER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Haliday, 1836http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/thrips-atratus-8392/NativeFAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD Schrank, 1776http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/thrips-flavus-8394/NativeFAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD Tjeder, 1948http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/hemerobius-azoricus-6862/Azores endemicFLO*; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER*; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/anobium-punctatum-7571/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/aspidapion-radiolus-chalybeipenne-13444/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Schilsky, 1888http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/acupalpus-dubius-7371/NativeFLO; FAI; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/acupalpus-flavicollis-7306/NativeFAI*; TERBiogeographical Realm: Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/amara-aenea-7366/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/anisodactylus-binotatus-7367/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD Colas, 1938http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/calathus-lundbladi-7354/Azores endemicSMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Borges & Serrano, 1993http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cedrorum-azoricus-azoricus-13442/Azores endemicTER; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Borges & Serrano, 1993http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cedrorum-azoricus-caveirensis-13453/Azores endemicPICBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/laemostenus-complanatus-7362/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/ocys-harpaloides-7335/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/paranchus-albipes-7350/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Tarnier, 1860http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pseudanchomenus-aptinoides-6831/Azores endemicPIC; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)De Geer, 1774http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pseudoophonus-rufipes-7373/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pterostichus-aterrimus-aterrimus-13452/NativePIC*; SJG; TERAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pterostichus-vernalis-7348/IntroducedFAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/stenolophus-teutonus-7368/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Borges, Serrano & Amorim, 2004http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/trechus-terrabravensis-7345/Azores endemicTERBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Israelson, 1985http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/crotchiella-brachyptera-7879/Azores endemicPIC; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/chaetocnema-hortensis-7888/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/epitrix-hirtipennis-7886/IntroducedPIC; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Nearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/psylliodes-marcidus-7916/NativeFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD Israelson, 1986http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/atlantocis-gillerforsi-7674/Azores endemicFLO; PIC; TER*; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/clitostethus-arcuatus-7638/IntroducedGRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Linnaeus, 1758http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/coccinella-undecimpunctata-undecimpunctata-13471/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Holarctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/lindorus-lophanthae-7649/IntroducedFLO; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/rodolia-cardinalis-7648/IntroducedCOR; FLO; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/sericoderus-lateralis-7672/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/calacalles-subcarinatus-6896/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Israelson, 1985http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/caulotrupis-parvus-7942/Azores endemicSMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/coccotrypes-carpophagus-7872/IntroducedFAI; PIC*; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Machado, 2009http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/drouetius-borgesi-borgesi-13569/Azores endemicTERBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Machado, 2009http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/drouetius-borgesi-centralis-13568/Azores endemicFAI; PIC; GRA; SJGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Machado, 2009http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/drouetius-borgesi-sanctmichaelis-13566/Azores endemicSMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/gymnetron-pascuorum-7951/IntroducedFAI; TER; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/orthochaetes-insignis-7946/NativeFLO; FAI*; TER; SMRBiogeographical Realm: PalearcticGyllenhal, 1834http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/otiorhynchus-cribricollis-7907/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/otiorhynchus-rugosostriatus-7912/IntroducedFLO*; FAI; PIC; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD Bright, 1987http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/phloeosinus-gillerforsi-7163/Azores endemicFLO; PIC; SJG*; TER*; SMGAlso present: CAN )Hustache, 1936http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pseudechinosoma-nodosum-6827/Azores endemicFLO; FAI*; PIC; SJG*; TER*; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pseudophloeophagus-aenopiceus-7949/NativeFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD Wollaston, 1854http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/pseudophloeophagus-tenax-7094/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD )Gyllenhal, 1834http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/sitona-discoideus-7925/IntroducedFLO; FAI; GRA; SJG; TER*; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Nijima, 1909http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/xyleborinus-alni-7920/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/sitophilus-oryzae-7910/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/dryops-algiricus-7545/NativeFLO; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Palearctichttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/dryops-luridus-7546/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI*; GRA; TER*; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/agabus-bipustulatus-7393/NativeFLO; PIC; SJG; TERAlso present: MAD Crotch, 1867http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/agabus-godmani-7395/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)R\u00e9gimbart, 1891http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/hydroporus-guernei-7411/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Tarnier, 1860http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/aeolus-melliculus-moreleti-13463/IntroducedFLO; FAI; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Neotropicalhttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/alestrus-dolosus-7551/Azores endemicFLO; FAI*; PIC*; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Platia & Borges, 2002http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/athous-pomboi-6826/Azores endemicSMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cercyon-haemorrhoidalis-7400/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: HolarcticReitter, 1877http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cartodere-bifasciata-7673/IntroducedFAI; GRA; TER*; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cartodere-nodifer-7165/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cartodere-satelles-9639/IntroducedTER*; SMR*Also present: MAD Israelson, 1984http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/metophthalmus-occidentalis-7663/Azores endemicFAI; GRA; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: CosmopolitanKellner, 1846http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/catops-coracinus-7091/NativeFAI*; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG*Biogeographical Realm: Cosmopolitanhttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/rhizophagus-ferrugineus-7068/IntroducedTER*Also present: CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/typhaea-stercorea-7676/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/carpophilus-fumatus-7562/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/carpophilus-hemipterus-7580/IntroducedFAI; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/epuraea-biguttata-7616/IntroducedFLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/meligethes-aeneus-7606/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/stelidota-geminata-7618/IntroducedFLO; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Neotropicalhttp://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/stilbus-testaceus-7480/NativeFLO; FAI; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/ptenidium-pusillum-7320/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/onthophagus-taurus-7532/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: PalearcticWollaston, 1854http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/anaspis-proteus-7855/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN )http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cryptamorpha-desjardinsii-7620/IntroducedCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN Nybom, 1948http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/limnephilus-atlanticus-8582/Azores endemicCOR; FLO*; FAI; PIC*; SJG; TER*; SMG*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/eudonia-luteusalis-8816/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Warren, 1905http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/scoparia-coecimaculalis-8821/Azores endemicFLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Warren, 1905http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/scoparia-semiamplalis-8822/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Rebel, 1940http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/brachmia-infuscatella-8738/Azores endemicFAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Pinker, 1971http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/ascotis-fortunata-azorica-13542/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cyclophora-azorensis-8745/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/cyclophora-puppillaria-granti-13543/Azores endemicSMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/nycterosea-obstipata-8749/NativeFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP Warren, 1905http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/xanthorhoe-inaequata-8750/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/caloptilia-schinella-8753/IntroducedCOR; FAI; PIC; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/micrurapteryx-bistrigella-8754/Azores endemicFLO; PIC; SJG; TER*Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Stainton, 1856http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/phyllocnistis-citrella-8759/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/agrotis-ipsilon-8763/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/autographa-gamma-8765/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/chrysodeixis-chalcites-8766/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/mesapamea-storai-8778/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/mythimna-unipuncta-8780/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/phlogophora-interrupta-8761/Azores endemicFLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/xestia-c-nigrum-8792/NativeCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/hipparchia-azorina-occidentalis-13545/Azores endemicCOR; FLOBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/hipparchia-miguelensis-8798/Azores endemicSMGBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/oinophila-v-flava-8833/IntroducedFLO; FAI; PIC*; TER; SMGAlso present: MAD; CAN http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/opogona-sacchari-8838/IntroducedCOR; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMRAlso present: MAD; CAN; CVP http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/rhopobota-naevana-8858/IntroducedFLO*; FAI*; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER*; SMG*; SMR*Biogeographical Realm: HolarcticRebel, 1940http://azoresbioportal.uac.pt/azores-species/argyresthia-atlanticella-8859/Azores endemicCOR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMRBiogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)Azorean Arthropod biodiversity - towards a more complete knowledgeArthropoda. A pool of a total of 1215 species and subspecies was surveyed, representing 53% of the whole arthropod fauna known from the Azores  and Zopheridae  . With exception of the millipede Ommatoiulusmoreletii, the centipede Lithobiuspilicornispilicornis and the opilion Leiobunumblackwalli  had a lesser impact in increasing our knowledge about biodiversity  or replicating the sampling at a different time  expanding the standardized survey of Azorean arthropods to other habitat types, mostly man-modified, an already on-going task for some of the islands see e.g. ;b) selecting study areas along a comprehensive environmental gradient where an optimal sampling strategy will be applied in order to sample the entire arthropod communities (All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory - ATBI). ATBIs are intensive sampling efforts to identify and record all living species that exist within a given area and simultaneously create a common and standardized biodiversity database ;c) finishing the identification of many morphospecies. Good progress has been made with Staphylinidade , but other taxa need further effort to reach proper identification;Hymenoptera and Diptera, which is clearly incomplete (Taxonomic Impediment) has prevented advances in the knowledge for many diverse groups in the Azores, including these two.d) increase sampling and update the current list of Azorean complete . The shoFauna Europaea (PESI (e) contributing to the validation and updating of the pan-European checklists programs, including Europaea  and PESIea  for the 152 transects in eighteen protected areas and seven Azorean islands.File: oo_114229.xlsxBorges et al.Supplementary material 2Appendix 2 - Metadata from Appendix 1Data type: Text in pdfBrief description: METADATA from Appendix 1 \u2013 Detailed data on the distribution and abundance of the studied speciesFile: oo_114225.pdfBorges et al.Supplementary material 3Appendix 3 - Sites UTM coordinatesData type: Sites coordinatesBrief description: UTM coordinates , altitude (meters) and supporting project of the studied transects in the Azores. Transect code according to island, reserve and transect number (see text)File: oo_114224.xlsxBorges et al.Supplementary material 4Appendix 4. Complete list of new records per island.Data type: OccurrencesBrief description: The complete list of new records per island.File: oo_114227.xlsxBorges et al.Supplementary material 5Appendix 5 -Abundance dataData type: Abundance dataBrief description: Detailed abundance for each species in each of the 18 protected areasFile: oo_114228.xlsxBorges et al."}
{"text": "Date of publication: 8 August 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/01-08-2016-RRA-Enterovirus%2071-Spain,%20France,%20Netherlands.pdfDate of publication: 5 August 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/_layouts/forms/Publication_DispForm.aspx?List=4f55ad51-4aed-4d32-b960-af70113dbb90&ID=1545Date of publication: 15 August 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/whole-genome-sequencing-for-public-health-surveillance.pdfDate of publication: 29 August 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/laboratory-capability-monitoring-2014-eu-labcap.pdfDate of publication: 19 August 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/salmonella-typing-seventh-external-quality-assessment.pdfDate of publication: 10 August 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/molecular-typing-EU-surveillance-epidemic-preparedness-2016-19-roadmap.pdfDate of publication: 10 August 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/molecular-typing-EU-surveillance-epidemic-preparedness-2013.pdfDate of publication: 31 August 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/gonococcal-antimicrobial-susceptibility-surveillance-Europe-2014.pdfDate of publication: 9 August 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/influenza-virus-characterisation-july-2016.pdfDate of publication: every Fridayhttp://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/surveillance_reports/Communicable-Disease-Threats-Report/Pages/default.aspx"}
{"text": "AbstractStegodoncf.orientalis) and locally  extinct taxa were also present. The identification of Axisaxis in Khok Sung, a chital currently restricted to the Indian Subcontinent, represents the first record of the species in Southeast Asia. Three reptilian taxa: Crocodyluscf.siamensis, Python sp., and Varanus sp., are also identified. Faunal correlations with other Southeast Asian sites suggest a late Middle to early Late Pleistocene age for the Khok Sung assemblage. However, the Khok Sung mammalian fauna is most similar to that of Thum Wiman Nakin, dated to older than 169 ka. The Khok Sung large mammal assemblage mostly comprises mainland Southeast Asian taxa that migrated to Java during the latest Middle Pleistocene, supporting the hypothesis that Thailand was a biogeographic pathway for the Sino-Malayan migration event from South China to Java.The fluviatile terrace deposits of Khok Sung, Nakhon Ratchasima province, have yielded more than one thousand fossils, making this the richest Pleistocene vertebrate fauna of Thailand. The excellent preservation of the specimens allows precise characterization of the faunal composition. The mammalian fauna consists of fifteen species in thirteen genera, including a primate, a canid, a hyaenid, proboscideans, rhinoceroses, a suid, cervids, and bovids. Most species correspond to living taxa but globally (PageBreak Ailuropoda (giant panda) and/or Stegodon (extinct proboscidean), also called \u201cAiluropoda\u2013Stegodon faunal complex\u201d. This faunal association is a characteristic of the long period ranging from the Early to Late Pleistocene  and islands (Sundaic) Fig. . The fosMalaysia , and TriMalaysia , all regMalaysia , 2001. SHomo sp.  was excavated Fig.  for the. The Khoaultima . The Khoaultima . Howeveraultima . Some remyda sp. , and a gawanicus . The mamly known . In thisPageBreakfossils were additionally searched, using the water spraying technique to remove covered sediments on the surface of the fossiliferous layer  Fig. . Fossilsyer Fig. . UnfortuDepartment of Mineral Resources(DMR) (Bangkok). Individual fossils are catalogued with the collection (DMR), locality (KS), and unique specimen number, respectively. The comparative material is from the recent and fossil vertebrate collections housed at the following natural history museums and institutes:All fossil specimens are housed at the Khok Sung local museum (Nakhon Ratchasima) and at the Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers  Institut International de Pal\u00e9oprimatologie et de Pal\u00e9ontologie Humaine: Evolution et Pal\u00e9oenvironnements, iPHEPInstitute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology IVPPNatural History Museum Prague NHMPMuseum Wien  Naturhistorisches NMWMus\u00e9um National d\u2019Histoire Naturelle  Zoological collection of mammals and birds, MNHN-ZMO Dubois collection, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Histoire RMNH DUBNatural History Museum  Mammal collection, Thailand THNHM-MZoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences ZINZoologische Staatssammlung M\u00fcnchen ZSMThe dental nomenclature follows PageBreakIn the case of measurements of stegodontid cheek teeth, the methods and parameters used for molar and ridge dimensions were given in Fig. laminar frequency (LF) were calculated, using the formula proposed by All specimens were measured using digital callipers to the nearest 0.01 mm. The tooth dimensions for all mammals were measured at the base of the crown along the anterior-posterior margins for the maximum length (L) and from the labial (incisors and canines)/buccal (premolars/molars) to lingual margins for the maximum width (W). 2> 0.93) and cervids (r2> 0.95)  because it has the smallest influence of sample sizes and emphasizes faunal resemblances  = (Nc / N1) \u00d7 100, where Nc is the number of identified taxa shared by two faunas and N1 is the number PageBreakof identified taxa in the smaller of the two faunas (Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) as cluster algorithms for our analysis because the dendrogram represents higher values of cophenetic correlation coefficient than the others.We compared differences in species compostion of Southeast Asian large mammal fauna during the Middle Pleistocene, using an analysis of the faunal similarity. According to unequal sampling conditions for our data, we applied two criteria for undertaking this analysis: localities are disqualified when they have fewer than 10 taxa identified at the species level and taxa are excluded when their appearances are still doubtful (i.e. poor taxonomic description or identification). We therefore selected Simpson\u2019s mblances , 1960. W indices . The Simds e.g., . The foro faunas . A higheo faunas . We seleTaxon classificationAnimaliaPrimatesCercopithecidaeA right tibia, DMR-KS-05-04-04-1.The right tibia is complete Fig.  and elonHylobates and all arboreal cercopithecoids) is characterized by more rounded borders of the trochlear surface and a convex proximal border of the medial malleolus joining the trochlear surface (Hylobates (gibbon), Presbytis (surili), and Macaca (macaque). We suggest here to make a distinction between these genera based on the ratios of the greatest length of the tibia to the length or width of the proximal tibia (GL/Bp or GL/Dp). Based on these indices, the Khok Sung tibia falls within the range of recent Macaca , the caput femoris is round, and the upper border of the neck is long and flat , DMR-KS-05-03-28-14; a left DP4 (anterior part), DMR-KS-05-03-19-7; a left M2, DMR-KS-05-03-29-1 (posterior part); a right M3, DMR-KS-05-03-22-19 (posterior part); a fragmentary tusk, DMR-KS-05-03-15-2; a left dp3 (anterior part), DMR-KS-05-04-01-8; two mandibles with m3\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-08-1 (right) and DMR-KS-05-03-08-2 (left); a right humerus fragment , DMR-KS-05-03-10-5; a left humerus, DMR-KS-05-03-10-6; two ulna fragments \u2014DMR-KS-05-03-09-7 and DMR-KS-05-03-10-2; a femoral head fragment, DMR-KS-05-03-10-3; a right femur, DMR-KS-05-03-10-4; a right tibia fragment , DMR-KS-05-03-10-3; a right fibula, DMR-KS-05-03-00-124; two pelvis fragments\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-10-11 (right) and DMR-KS-05-03-10-12 (left); five vertebrae\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-17-11, DMR-KS-05-03-10-7, DMR-KS-05-03-09-18, DMR-KS-05-03-10-1, and DMR-KS-05-03-28-20; a sacrum fragment, DMR-KS-05-03-10-8; two ribs\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-10-13 and DMR-KS-05-03-10-14; three rib fragments\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-09-6 (body), DMR-KS-05-03-09-45 (body), and DMR-KS-05-03-09-4 (head and neck).Upper dentition: both fragments of DP4  preserves three posterior ridges with a small cingulum Fig. . Two antDMR-KS-05-03-22-19 (M3) preserves only three posterior ridges with a cingulum Fig. . The ridPageBreakStegodontrigonocephalus in its more medial-laterally than the dorso-ventrally compressed cross-section. The macroscopic distinctive features in cross-section are similar to Stegodonsompoensis (A fragmentary tusk (DMR-KS-05-03-15-2) contains dentine (outer and inner layers), cementum, and a pulp cavity Fig. . It is smpoensis  but showPageBreakLower dentition: DMR-KS-05-04-01-8 (dp3) is heavily worn and comprises three preserved ridges and an anterior cingulum  are moderately well-preserved Tab. . The comStegodon . The antPostcranial remains: postcranial elements include two humeri s on molars, V-shaped valleys between ridges on molars , and step-like worn surface reliefs on the enamel layer  represent a total ridge number of ten , different from the ridge formula (\u00d711\u00d7 for this species) given by Stegodonorientalis therefore ranges from ten to eleven. The m3 of Stegodonorientalis commonly has a total number of twelve ridges . According to the fact that only a few comparative specimens of the m3 of Stegodonorientalis are complete with the total ridge number of twelve, some of them  display a total of 11 ridges . In Stegodonorientalis, the number of ridges on the m3 thus ranges from eleven to twelve. Stegodoninsignis has a total number of ridges ranging from eleven to thirteen  . But it differs from Stegodoninsignis in having more delicately folded enamel, more pronounced curvature of the crown, and V-shaped valleys (between the two ridges) slightly less filled by cements. The ridge sizes of Khok Sung lower third molar are almost comparable to those of Stegodonorientalis and Stegodoninsignis, but are distinctly larger than other derived Stegodon species from Indonesia  . Anothersia Tab. . We thusTaxon classificationAnimaliaProboscideaElephantidaeA fragmentary tusk, DMR-KS-05-03-22-1; a posterior fragment of a right lower molar, DMR-KS-05-03-17-12.Upper tusk: DMR-KS-05-03-22-1 is a short fragmentary tusk. The dorsal side is partially broken away  by a more rounded cross-section, a larger diameter, and a radiate fracture pattern with the development of concentric incremental lines  is distinguished from DMR-KS-05-03-15-2 . The lo and left (p3\u2013m3) tooth rows, DMR-KS-05-03-00-126; a partial mandible, DMR-KS-05-03-31-28; a fragmentary nasal bone, DMR-KS-05-03-00-56; a left scapula, DMR-KS-05-03-00-58; a left humerus, DMR-KS-05-03-31-3; a right metacarpus II, DMR-KS-05-03-28-29; a metacarpus III, DMR-KS-05-03-22-49; a right metacarpus IV, DMR-KS-05-04-05-15; a left tibia, DMR-KS-05-03-00-52; a right calcaneus, DMR-KS-05-04-27-19; a left astragalus, DMR-KS-05-03-26-23.A left P2, DMR-KS-05-03-00-128; a left P3, DMR-KS-05-03-22-17; a left M1, DMR-KS-05-03-00-129; a left M3, DMR-KS-05-03-00-127; a mandible Upper dentition: P2  preserves both sides of cheek tooth rows (right p2\u2013m3 and left p3\u2013m3), but most of its symphysis and entire ramus are broken off  is short and robust, bending downward and narrowing anteriorly towards the tip , because its anterior part is pointed rather than rounded  assigned to ondaicus .Rhinoceros  and Indian (Rhinocerosunicornis) rhinoceroses  are notably typical of Asian rhinoceroses. The two small alveoli corresponding to the lost central incisors are autapomorphic of inoceros . Our obsoceroses . This fed as far . In the  p2 Fig. . The lat are notaRhinocerosunicornis or Rhinocerossondaicus due to heavy wear. In addition, there is a significant size overlap between these two species (PageBreakmolar rows provide a better distinction (little overlap in size) than those of isolated teeth. The lengths and widths of the cheek teeth on the mandible DMR-KS-05-03-00-126 fall almost within the range of Rhinocerossondaicus, with the exception of some specimens  that fit well with the larger-sized Rhinocerosunicornis  and outside of the ranges for Rhinocerosunicornis  is nearly square in outline and displays a flattened ectoloph and a well developed crochet, medifossette, and posterior fossette  is strongly compressed laterally and preserves a partial mandibular ramus and body with worn cheek teeth, except for the m3 which is unbroken , as well as its larger size than that of Rhinocerossondaicus. These upper molar features are characteristic of Rhinocerosunicornis   to nicornis . For the-13 Tab.  are compTaxon classificationAnimaliaArtiodactylaSuidaeM\u00fcller, 1838A left maxillary fragment with P3\u2013M2, DMR-KS-05-04-19-2; two left M2\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-19-5 and DMR-KS-05-03-18-23 (posterior portion); two right M3\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-03-4 and DMR-KS-05-04-19-4 (anterior portion); two mandible with two tooth rows\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-15-1  and DMR-KS-05-04-19-1 ; a left posterior fragment of m3, DMR-KS-05-04-19-3; a right humerus, DMR-KS-05-03-26-8.Upper dentition: DMR-KS-05-04-19-2 is a maxillary tooth row preserving a slightly worn P3 to M2  are distinct and the protofossa is present. Upper molars are unworn to slightly worn and exhibit distinct main  and accessory  cusps. The posterior cingulum on the M2 is more developed than on the M1   Tab. . The Khobarbatus . The lowteriorly .Susscrofa from Susbarbatus only based on the cheek teeth because both species overlap in size ) or \u201cverrucosic\u201d (Susbarbatus) type  on the talonid. The pentapreconulid on the m3 is small or absent in Susbarbatus  type . Similarus) type , 1997. Tbarbatus . For othsscrofa . HoweverSusbarbatus according to those described features. We also suggest that Pleistocene Susbarbatus probably shows evidence of sexual size dimorphism because the female specimen DMR-KS-05-04-19-1 is markedly smaller than the male specimen DMR-KS-05-03-15-1, as seen in the recent population.The female mandible (DMR-KS-05-04-19-1) and other isolated teeth are assigned to PageBreakTaxon classificationAnimaliaArtiodactylaCervidaeFour crania\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-18-50 (with two antlers), DMR-KS-05-03-00-30 , DMR-KS-05-03-18-X9 (with pedicles), and DMR-KS-05-03-27-1 (with pedicles); two right complete antlers\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-31-30 and DMR-KS-05-03-22-4; a nearly complete left antler, DMR-KS-05-04-4-1; five right fragmentary antlers\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-18-21, DMR-KS-05-03-19-82, DMR-KS-05-03-28-22, DMR-KS-05-06-22-2, and DMR-KS-05-03-28-1; eight left fragmentary antlers\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-00-12, DMR-KS-05-03-19-81, DMR-KS-05-03-22-2, DMR-KS-05-03-24-1, DMR-KS-05-04-09-1, DMR-KS-05-03-19-13, DMR-KS-05-03-26-21, and DMR-KS-05-03-08-17; two left fragmentary maxilla\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-28-6 (with M1\u2013M3) and DMR-KS-05-03-08-31 ; a right P4, DMR-KS-05-04-01-3; a left M1, DMR-KS-05-04-28-5; a left M2, DMR-KS-05-03-14-5; thirteen right mandibles\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-14-2 (with m3), DMR-KS-05-03-20-1 (with p4\u2013m3), DMR-KS-05-03-20-2 (with m2 and m3), DMR-KS-05-03-22-7 (with m2 and m3), DMR-KS-05-04-03-1 (with p2\u2013m3), and DMR-KS-05-03-27-3 (with m2 and m3), DMR-KS-05-03-19-1 (with p2\u2013m3), DMR-KS-05-03-22-8 (with m2 and m3), DMR-KS-05-04-01-1 (with p2\u2013m3), DMR-KS-05-03-24-4 (with m2), DMR-KS-05-03-26-12 (with m2 and m3), DMR-KS-05-04-7-10 , and DMR-KS-05-03-26-10 (with p2\u2013m1); eight left mandibles\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-18-22 (with p2), DMR-KS-05-03-22-6 (with m1\u2013m3), DMR-KS-05-03-27-22 (with p3-m2 sockets and broken m3), DMR-KS-05-04-09-2 , DMR-KS-05-03-00-102 (with p4 and m1), DMR-KS-05-03-19-2 (with m1\u2013m3), DMR-KS-05-03-23-1 (with p2 and p3 roots and p4\u2013m3), and DMR-KS-05-03-29-1 (with p2-m3); a left m1, DMR-KS-05-04-28-6; three m2\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-25-4 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-00-104 (left), and DMR-KS-05-03-22-11 (left); four left m3\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-9-4, DMR-KS-05-03-22-9, DMR-KS-05-04-01-2, and DMR-KS-05-03-08-33; three right fragmentary humeri \u2014DMR-KS-05-03-13-4, DMR-KS-05-04-11-32, and DMR-KS-05-03-17-17; six metacarpi\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-18-2 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-19-3 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-22-28 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-08-2 (right), DMR-KS-05-04-30-20 , and DMR-KS-05-03-19-37 (left); a right fragmentary femur, DMR-KS-05-03-27-4 ; three metatarsi\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-26-3 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-29-30 (left), and DMR-KS-05-03-15-14 (left).Crania and upper dentition: four crania are almost complete, lacking only the anterior portions   between the main beam and the brow tine, and a well-developed burr   Fig. . The spela) Fig. . The craeam Fig. . The speeam Fig.  and DMR-eam Fig.  preserveles Fig. . The basles Fig. . The laturr Fig. . A smallurr Fig. . The maiurr Fig. . The skuAxis, characterized by well-developed styles, medial cristae (more distinct on the P4), and posterolingual fossettes  to nearly complete (lacking only the ascending ramus and coronoid process) individuals   Fig. . But the-27 Fig. . The bac-27 Fig. , but abs-27 Fig. . The pos-27 Fig. .PageBreakPostcranial remains: postcranial bones include isolated humeri , we thus demonstrate some dental morphological variation within species. The m3 of Axisaxis appears more morphologically variable than the other molars, such as the more or less developed posterior talonids and the presence/absence of PageBreakback fossae. The cheek teeth of extant Axisaxis are relatively similar to those of Axisporcinus . However, Axisaxis differs from Axisporcinus in having less developed anterior cingulids on the lower molars and the presence of back fossae on the m3. Recent Axisaxis represents an intermediate size between Axisporcinus and two cervid species (Panoliaeldii and Rusaunicolor)  Tab. . Axisaxons Figs  and 18.Axisaxis from Khok Sung are smaller than those of Axisshansius from Anhui and Yunnan (China) and of Axisjavanicus from Ngandong and Buitenzorg in Java and Carnul Cave in India, but are larger than those of Axislydekkeri from Trinil H. K. (Java)  Figs  and 18. porcinus  are muchCambodia . The exiTaxon classificationAnimaliaArtiodactylaCervidaePageBreakdistal part), DMR-KS-05-03-00-119 , DMR-KS-05-03-19-2 , and DMR-KS-05-08-16-1 ; three left metatarsi\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-25-8, DMR-KS-05-03-28-17, and DMR-KS-05-03-15-15.A cranium with a right partial antler, DMR-KS-05-04-20-4; a right P2, DMR-KS-05-03-15-11; two left M1\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-00-24 and DMR-KS-05-03-00-25; six M2\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-00-23 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-30-5 (right), DMR-KS-05-04-3-4 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-30-6 (left posterior lobe), DMR-KS-05-03-27-7 (left), and DMR-KS-05-04-3-5 (left); five M3\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-27-6 (right), DMR-KS-05-04-9-1 (right), DMR-KS-05-04-8-3 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-00-22 (left), and DMR-KS-05-04-9-2 (left); two left mandibles\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-27-2 (with p2\u2013m3) and DMR-KS-05-04-9-5 (with p2\u2013m2); a right i1, DMR-KS-05-03-29-2; a right scapula, DMR-KS-05-06-24-4; a left humerus, DMR-KS-05-04-11-35; a right fragmentary humerus, DMR-KS-05-03-18-1 ; three radii\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-31-10 (right), DMR-KS-05-04-11-3 (right), and DMR-KS-05-03-19-16 (left); a right metacarpus, DMR-KS-05-03-24-2; two right femora\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-27-11 and DMR-KS-05-03-17-36; five fragmentary femora\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-05-38 , DMR-KS-05-03-28-20  . The foramina ovale of DMR-KS-05-04-20-4 are more circular and open more anteriorly than those of Axis. The right partial antler contains a half of the slender main beam, but lacks a brow tine entirely . The antler surface is smooth and the burr is poorly developed in relation to the ontogenetic stages. The preserved shed antler shows a typical character of Panoliaeldii, whose main beams strongly project and curve laterally  Fig.   Fig. , differeely Fig. . The divlly Fig. .P2 exhibits a prominent medial crista which divides the fossette into two islands Fig. . The sepMandibles and lower dentition: Two mandibles   Fig. . Lower mds) Fig. . The m3 ds) Fig. . The shaPostcranial remains: postcranial bones include a scapula  suggested that placement of the Eld\u2019s deer in the genus Panolia is an acceptable alternative based on mtDNA analysis . However, we suggest that some isolated teeth of cervids from Thum Wiman Nakin  due to their larger sizes. Our identification thus confirms the existence of Panoliaeldii in Thailand during the late Middle Pleistocene.The shed antler of the Eld\u2019s deer, ion Tab.  and scation Tab.  and 22, an Nakin  reveal aTaxon classificationAnimaliaArtiodactylaCervidaePageBreaka left M3, DMR-KS-05-03-31-1; two right mandibles\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-31-2 (with m2) and DMR-KS-05-03-13 (with p4\u2013m3); two left mandibles\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-00-101 (with p3\u2013m3) and DMR-KS-05-03-27-4 (with m3); a right m1, DMR-KS-05-03-00-5; a left fragmentary humerus, DMR-KS-05-03-15-43 ; three right fragmentary radii\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-25-9 , DMR-KS-05-03-19-14 , and DMR-KS-05-03-26-19 ; a left metacarpus, DMR-KS-05-03-17-26; six fragmentary femora\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-19-7 , DMR-KS-05-03-12-2 , DMR-KS-05-04-11-2 , DMR-KS-05-03-26-5 , DMR-KS-05-04-30-9 , and DMR-KS-05-04-19-10 ; a right tibia, DMR-KS-05-03-28-16; a right metatarsus, DMR-KS-05-03-19-11Three right antlers\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-20-11 (nearly complete specimen), DMR-KS-05-03-26-2 (fragment), and DMR-KS-05-03-28-23 (fragment); a right M1, DMR-KS-05-03-22-10; two left M2\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-9-3 and DMR-KS-05-04-3-3; PageBreakPageBreakAntlers: DMR-KS-05-03-20-11 is a nearly complete antler, slightly broken at the middle part of the main beam . The divergent angle between the main beam and brow tine ranges from 50\u00b0 to 90\u00b0. The shed antlers of Rusaunicolor are different from those of Axisaxis in having slightly rougher surfaces, more divergent insertion relative to the frontal orientation, a shorter main beam, and a smaller angle between the main beam and the brow tine, and in lacking small-ornamented tines or knobs on the brow tine , Rusamarianna (Philippine deer), Rusatimorensis (rusa), and Rusaalfredi (Prince Alfred\u2019s deer).According to Leslie (2011), we regard here Rusaunicolor are characterized by its typical three tines and forked beams at the tip, similar in shape to those of Axisporcinus but much more robust. The sambar deer shares a similar dental morphology with the Eld\u2019s deer. But it differs from Panoliaeldii as well as Axisaxis in being larger-sized and in having more developed anterior cingulids on lower molars. The sambar deer is much larger than Axisaxis  probably do not belong to Rusaunicolor according to their smaller sizes. The taxonomic revision of fossil cervids from Thum Wiman Nakin would lead to the recognition of either higher or lower diversity of cervids in Southeast Asia during the Middle Pleistocene.Antlers of xis Figs  and 22. lor Tab. . As demolor Tab.  and 22, kai Phet , Phnom Lkai Phet , and Ma kai Phet  , DMR-KS-05-03-23-2; a right M3, DMR-KS-05-03-29-6; a right mandible with m1\u2013m3, DMR-KS-05-03-9-1; two left mandibles\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-9-1  and DMR-KS-05-04-29-1 (with m3); a left i2, DMR-KS-05-03-15-12; a right i3, DMR-KS-05-03-23-4; a right p2, DMR-KS-05-04-01-6; a right m1, DMR-KS-05-03-15-10; a right m2, DMR-KS-05-03-29-7; two m3\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-28-4 (right broken posterior lobe) and DMR-KS-05-03-24-5 (left); a left humerus, DMR-KS-05-03-20-2(1).Upper dentition: DP3 (DMR-KS-05-03-29-8) is molariform and elongated, characterized by well-developed anterior and posterior cingula, buccal styles, and medial fossettes, a slightly-developed entostyle, and a reduction of the anterior lobe width and height compared to the posterior lobe  and i3 (DMR-KS-05-03-23-4) are spatulate and small, compared to other species of  m3 Fig. . The ant m3 Fig. . The pos m3 Fig. . The pos m3 Fig. . The entPostcranial remains: a humerus, DMR-KS-05-03-20-2(1), preserves the shaft and distal part . We attribute this humerus to Bossauveli according to the proportional correlation with the extant specimens  collected from Khok Sung, we identify these fossils on the basis of dental features.Southeast Asian large bovids are accurately identified by differences in cranial features , although they show sexual and ontogenetic variation in morphology. Lacking the cranial remains, it is difficult to make a distinction within the species of MNHN-ZMO-1940-51 and MNHN-ZMO-10801), the cheek teeth of koupreys are similar to those of other species of Bos, characterized by having hypsodont crowns, well-developed styles and stylids, a horse shoe-shaped infundibulum (anterior and posterior fossettes), and bifurcated or trifurcated entostyles depending on the wear stage. Among Southeast Asian PageBreakPageBreakPageBreaklarge bovids, it differs from Bosjavanicus (banteng) and Bosgaurus (gaur) in having a more developed postprotocristid on the p3 and p4, a metacentric chromosome-shaped molar in relation to the middle wear stage, a single large medial fossette on the upper molars, a flat lingual surface of the entostyle on the moderately to heavily worn molars. The M1 and M3 of Bossauveli are almost more square and rectangular in outline, respectively, compared to those of other Bos species. Bossauveli is usually smaller than Bosgaurus and Bubalusarnee , but is often comparable in size to Bosjavanicus   . Howevers (zebu) . These aTaxon classificationAnimaliaArtiodactylaBovidaeA left horn core, DMR-KS-05-03-26-22; a right DP2, DMR-KS-05-03-20-4; two right P2\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-19-27 and DMR-KS-05-04-03-3; a right DP3, DMR-KS-05-03-20-3; a right DP4, DMR-KS-05-03-17-3; a right M1, DMR-KS-05-03-00-20; a right M3, DMR-KS-05-03-17-1; a right mandible with m1\u2013m3, DMR-KS-05-03-00-1; a left mandible with p2\u2013m3, DMR-KS-05-04-3-1; a left i1, DMR-KS-05-03-00-27; two left m2\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-19-26 and DMR-KS-05-03-16-1; two humeri\u2014DMR-KS-05-05-1-1 (right) and DMR-KS-05-03-00-62 (left); a right metacarpus, DMR-KS-05-03-26-27; two left femora\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-9-2 and DMR-KS-05-04-30-1 .Horn core: a single horn core (DMR-KS-05-03-26-22) is small, curved upward  is small and elongated, characterized by three main cones  and a well-developed metastyle  to  forward .Bosgaurus are also observed. The cheek teeth of Bosgaurus are distinguished from Bossauveli and Bosjavanicus by having two separate fossettes on the P2, more developed metaconids and more anteroposteriorly constricted PageBreakpostprotocristids on the p3 and p4, and more robust cheek teeth , similar to those of Bosjavanicus. But the entostyle is not bifurcated, when the molar is extremely worn, as seen on the specimen DMR-KS-05-03-00-20 , in Khok Sung.Mandibles and isolated teeth of eth Figs . The ent-20 Fig. . This chion Figs . We elucPageBreakTaxon classificationAnimaliaArtiodactylaBovidaeA nearly complete cranium associated with a right mandible, DMR-KS-05-03-20-1; a cranium with a right tooth row (P3\u2013M3), DMR-KS-05-03-21-1; a partial cranium with two tooth rows (P3\u2013M1), DMR-KS-05-03-16-3; a partial cranium with a right tooth row (P3\u2013M3), DMR-KS-05-03-11-1; three horn cores\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-16-2 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-31-6 (right), and DMR-KS-05-03-19-28 (left); a left P2, DMR-KS-05-03-18-14; a left DP3, DMR-KS-05-03-00-103; two right P3\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-22-14 and DMR-KS-05-04-05-3; a right DP4, DMR-KS-05-04-29-8 (broken anterior lobe); two P4\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-18-13 (right) and DMR-KS-05-03-18-9 (left); four M1\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-31-5 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-18-12 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-18-6 (left), and DMR-KS-05-03-22-13 (left); five M2\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-00-2 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-25-21 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-18-5 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-16-2(1) (left), and DMR-KS-05-03-18-7 (left); four M3\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-00-7 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-22-12 (left), DMR-KS-05-03-14-1 (left), and DMR-KS-05-03-18-10 (left); a right mandible with p2\u2013m1, DMR-KS-05-03-20-2; three left mandibles\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-10-3 (with p2\u2013m3), DMR-KS-05-03-20-10 (with p2\u2013m1), and DMR-KS-05-03-20-20 (with m1 and m2); a right i1, DMR-KS-05-03-18-8; a right i2, DMR-KS-05-03-22-15; a left i3, DMR-KS-05-03-00-106; a right i4, DMR-KS-05-03-16-3; a right p3, DMR-KS-05-03-14-4; a left dp4, DMR-KS-05-03-00-4; a right p4, DMR-KS-05-03-19-6; four m1\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-25-3 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-18-18 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-00-105 (left), and DMR-KS-05-03-00-3 (left); two m2\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-27-12 (right) and DMR-KS-05-03-25-2 (left); two m3\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-18-11 and DMR-KS-05-04-29-2 (left posterior lobe); eleven thoracic vertebrae\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-1-11 (T3), DMR-KS-05-04-1-26 (T4), DMR-KS-05-04-1-13 (T5), DMR-KS-05-04-1-14 (T6), DMR-KS-05-04-1-15 (T7), DMR-KS-05-04-1-16 (T8), DMR-KS-05-04-1-12 (T9), DMR-KS-05-04-1-17 (T10), DMR-KS-05-04-1-18 (T11), DMR-KS-05-04-1-19 (T12), and DMR-KS-05-04-1-20 (T13); four lumbar vertebrae\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-1-24 (L1), DMR-KS-05-04-1-23 (L2), DMR-KS-05-04-1-22 (L3), and DMR-KS-05-04-1-21 (L4); two humeri\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-31-1 (right) and DMR-KS-05-03-31-8 (left); two scapulae\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-26-2 (right) and DMR-KS-05-02-20-4 (left); three ulnae and radii\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-00-61 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-31-2 (right) and DMR-KS-05-03-31-9 (left); a right metacarpus, DMR-KS-05-03-26-3(1); a pelvis, DMR-KS-05-04-1-25; two femora\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-1-1 (right) and DMR-KS-05-04-1-2 (left); a right fragmentary femur, DMR-KS-05-03-20-8 ; three tibiae\u2014DMR-KS-05-4-1-11 (right), DMR-KS-05-04-1-3 (left), and DMR-KS-05-03-20-9 (left); two fourth tarsal bones\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-1-7 (right) and DMR-KS-05-04-1-5 (left); three metatarsi\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-1-8 (right), DMR-KS-05-04-1-6 (left), and DMR-KS-05-03-28-30 (left); a left astragalus, DMR-KS-05-04-1-4; a left phalanx I, DMR-KS-05-04-1-9; a left phalanx II, DMR-KS-05-04-1-10.PageBreakCrania and upper dentition: DMR-KS-05-03-20-1 is undeformed and nearly complete . The horn cores are subtriangular in cross-section base, becoming subrounded toward the apex  Fig. . Anotherlus Fig. .Three isolated horn cores  but are more robust than most species of Bos   is well-developed, often separating into two or three islands with wear  Tab. . Howeverear Fig. . The infeli Fig. . In occleli Fig. . The smaeli Fig. .Mandibles and lower dentition: five mandibles: DMR-KS-05-03-20-1  were found separately. The articulated skeletons show a typical character of Bubalusarnee whose postcranial bones are more massive and thicker than those of Bos  and third molar features are more informative for the species identification than others . However, tooth dimensions are informative to make an ongoing distinction among the Khok Sung large bovids. The largest bovid in this locality is Bubalusarnee, followed by Bosgaurus and Bossauveli, respectively, similar to the size tendency of their recent population A left M2, DMR-KS-05-03-18-16; three m3\u2014DMR-KS-05-04-05-4 (right), DMR-KS-05-03-27-5 (left), and DMR-KS-05-03-28-10 (left posterior fragment).PageBreakonly a posterior lobe  because they are comparable in size and morphology to the extant specimens , but is smaller than Capricornismilneedwardsi. In addition, it differs from Capricorniscrispus in having more developed metastylid and entostylid and a presence of PageBreakback fossettes on the slightly worn m3 and from Capricornismilneedwardsi in having less developed metastylid and posthypoconulidcristid on the m3.We assign these isolated teeth from Khok Sung to ens Fig. . Among cCapricornissumatraensis from Khok Sung is smaller than that from the Late Pleistocene of Lang Trang in Vietnam   . HoweverPageBreakTaxon classificationAnimaliaSquamataBoidaeFour trunk vertebrae\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-00-21, DMR-KS-05-03-00-16 (two attached vertebrae), and DMR-KS-05-04-28-12.Vertebrae are almost complete and represent a large-sized snake  and fossil  python vertebrae. According to the fact that the species-level distinction based on the vertebral morphology is poorly known, we therefore assign these vertebrae to Python sp.These four vertebrae are attributed to the family PageBreakTaxon classificationAnimaliaSquamataVaranidaeTwo trunk vertebrae\u2014DMR-KS-05-03-08-36 and DMR-KS-05-03-29-36.The vertebra DMR-KS-05-03-08-36 is more complete than the specimen DMR-KS-05-03-29-36 , an oval-shaped cotyle, a short neural spine, and an absence of the zygosphenes and zygantra (Varanus sp. is reported from the Middle Pleistocene of Phnom Loang (Varanuscf.komodoensis (larger) and Varanussalvator, are described from the Middle Pleistocene of Trinil H. K.  and fossil  specimens. Identifying these vertebrae more precisely to the species-level, more detailed morphological comparisons need to be made in the future.We assign these two vertebrae to the the family  condyle . The Khozygantra . Varanusom Loang . Two varil H. K. . The KhoTestudines, an extinct gharial , and a spotted hyaena (Crocutacrocutaultima), have been previously described from Khok Sung by Testudines is the most diverse group of non-mammalian taxa in the locality (22% of the fauna). In addition, other vertebrates such as birds and fish are tentatively observed. A single fragmentary cervical vertebra of the bird order Galliformes is also present  and reptilian (Batagurcf.trivittata) species in the Khok Sung fauna are no longer present in the region but occur far away from Thailand or even from Southeast Asia. Moreover, two taxa, Stegodoncf.orientalis and Gavialiscf.bengawanicus were present PageBreakin the locality but became globally extinct later. The Khok Sung vertebrate fauna totally contains 19 of 27 identified taxa that are currently present in Thailand , the absence of medium- and small-sized mammal remains is likely due to taphonomic conditions and/or fossil collecting methods. Similarly to most of the Middle and Late and Tab. .Stegodonorientalis and its co-occuring species, Rhinocerossondaicus, Rhinocerosunicornis, Susbarbatus, Axisaxis, Panoliaeldii, Rusaunicolor, Bossauveli, Bosgaurus, Bubalusarnee, and Capricornissumatraensis.Past records and recent distribution patterns of large mammalian species present in Khok Sung are revealed in this work. Paleontological sites in Southeast Asia as well as South China are examined for the Early, Middle, and Late Pleistocene, compared with the modern distribution patterns. We only focus on mammalian taxa assigned to the species-level, including Stegodon  and Keo Leng (northern Vietnam) caves  and Vie., Daxin ). Anothecalities . During nce Fig. . The twonce Fig. , 2010 innce Fig. , 2015 innce Fig. , 2014. Sm) caves . Perhapsm) caves . The numcalities . Althougene Fig. , the PlePalaeoloxodon is reported from several Middle Pleistocene localities in mainland Southeast Asia . Palaeo Vietnam , 2006, sHolocene . The cauElephasmaximus is known from the late Middle Pleistocene of Thum Wiman Nakin (northeastern Thailand)   , 2001, aVietnam) . The IndVietnam) . Those aVietnam) . HoweverVietnam) . It is pRhinocerossondaicus is reported from the upper part of the Irrawaddy Formation, near Pauk Township in central Myanmar   sensu . Accordi species , so therPageBreaknone are reported from Trinil H. K.  is known from the caves of Thum Wiman Nakin and Thum Prakai Phet  in northern Thailand  have never been previously recorded from Thailand but were present in mainland Southeast Asia, at least in Khok Sung, during the late Middle Pleistocene   Fig. . Its habka) Fig. . The Pleistocene . The locPanoliaeldii are collected from the caves of Thum Wiman Nakin and Kao Pah Nam , northern Thailand , 2010. TPanoliaeldii is restricted to the Indochinese province  , Bosjavanicus (banteng), Bosgaurus (gaur), and Bubalusarnee . Bantengs, gaurs, and koupreys presumably shared a common ancestor at 2.6 Ma (Plio-Pleistocene) and their lineages split in a short period of time  based on the molecular estimations of divergence times  yielded remains of these bovid species (cf.) , 2010. OThe historical distribution of koupreys during the last century is restricted to Cambodia, southern Laos, southeastern Thailand, and western Vietnam . They bePageBreakscapes seem to have caused the reduction of large bovid population in several areas during the past decade. The koupreys is more widely distributed during the Pleistocene than today . The advocated cause for the local extinction of serows is possibly related to the unfavorable climatic conditions. The drier and cooler climate that occurred after 81 ka in Java  of the Indochinese subregion  and on the island of Sumatra  Fig. 4747. Capri in Java  probablyPageBreakof the family level referred to \u201cindet.\u201d and the species level designated \u201csp.\u201d are herein excluded from our comparisons. The Khok Sung large mammalian assemblage yields most extant and some extinct taxa, which are characteristic of the Ailuropoda-Stegodon assemblage. Compared to other Thai Pleistocene faunas, the Khok Sung mammalian assemblage shares 10 ten species with Thum Wiman Nakin , Ursusthibetanus (Asiatic black bear), Pongopygmaeus (orang-utan), Muntiacusmuntjak (Southern red muntjac), and Tapirusindicus  are absent in Khok Sung. The paleoenvironments of Khok Sung corresponded to a floodplain near the river channel (Elephasmaximus and Capricornissumatraensis) are found in the locality, these fossils  were transported from the surrounding upland forests by the river.The Khok Sung assemblage shares at least one similar archaic mammal taxon such as  channel . The absThe degree of the faunal similarity also depends on the number of identified taxa for each site. We further analyse the relationships between the geographic regions and faunas in Southeast Asia, using the Simpson coefficient of faunal similarity Tab.  performePageBreakPageBreakWiman Nakin according to the Simpson\u2019s index  Fig. . Within dex Tab. . This isOverall, this analysis suggests initially that the differences in species composition and distribution do not follow a trend of the latitudinal gradient north to south, but show spatial and time variability of large mammalian fauna in Southeast Asia. The main problems of mammalian fauna comparisons in Southeast Asia are likely due to the poorly-known species diversity and/or the imprecisely chronological determination in several localities.PageBreakKhok Sung is possibly different, slightly older or younger, from those three localities according to some of the compositional dissimilarity. Two early Late Pleistocene sites: Nam Lot  present in Khok Sung are possibly geographical remnants of the former Siva-Malayan fauna that survived until the late Middle Pleistocene as they occurred earlier in Java. Otherwise, these vertebrates possibly appeared either firstly or repeatedly  in Thailand during the late PageBreakMiddle Pleistocene. Several cyclic occurrences of high amplitude glacial periods , Macacanemestrina (pig-tailed macaque), Pantheratigris (tiger), Dicerorhinussumatrensis (Sumatran rhinoceros), Helarctosmalayanus (sun bear), Capricornissumatraensis, Bubalusarnee, Susscrofa, and Susbarbatus. The Khok Sung mammalian assemblage consists of at least 4 of forest dwelling mammals: Capricornissumatraensis, Bubalusarnee, Susbarbatus, and Elephas sp.  may indicate the faunal exchange from Indonesia to the mainland Southeast Asia  subsequently in Java  that evidently continued to exist up until today in Thailand.The Khok Sung mammalian assemblage supports that Thailand was a biogeographic gateway of the Sino-Malayan migration event as the mainland forested faunal association replaced the earlier Siva-Malayan fauna ( in Java . The gla"}
{"text": "Pilot and Feasibility Studies. These articles were erroneously published in volume number 4, which is listed with a publication date of 2018. However, these articles were published in final form in the year 2017.An error occurred during the publication of a number of articles in Provided below are the actual publication dates and the correct citation for each affected article. Please note that the citation refers to volume number 4 with the year as 2018.Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0168-1Publication date: 27 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:26. 10.1186/s40814-017-0168-1Correct citation: Gunn et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0167-2Publication date: 20 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:24. 10.1186/s40814-017-0167-2Correct citation: Smith et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0161-8Publication date: 20 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:22. 10.1186/s40814-017-0161-8Correct citation: Cruickshank et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0166-3Publication date: 20 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:23. 10.1186/s40814-017-0166-3Correct citation: Cadogan et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0169-0Publication date: 20 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:25. 10.1186/s40814-017-0169-0Correct citation: Mitchell et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0170-7Publication date: 18 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:21. 10.1186/s40814-017-0170-7Correct citation: Price et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0171-6Publication date: 17 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:20. 10.1186/s40814-017-0171-6Correct citation: Davies et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0158-3Publication date: 17 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:18. 10.1186/s40814-017-0158-3Correct citation: Best et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0165-4Publication date: 14 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:19. 10.1186/s40814-017-0165-4Correct citation: Schick et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0160-9Publication date: 10 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:17. 10.1186/s40814-017-0160-9Correct citation: Arikawa et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0157-4Publication date: 7 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:16. 10.1186/s40814-017-0157-4Correct citation: Kemp et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0163-6Publication date: 7 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:15. 10.1186/s40814-017-0163-6Correct citation: Lennox et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0162-7Publication date: 6 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:12. 10.1186/s40814-017-0162-7Correct citation: Huberty et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0152-9Publication date: 6 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:10. 10.1186/s40814-017-0152-9Correct citation: Armor et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0164-5Publication date: 6 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:13. 10.1186/s40814-017-0164-5Correct citation: Cooper et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0154-7Publication date: 6 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:11. 10.1186/s40814-017-0154-7Correct citation: Shepherd et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0156-5Publication date: 6 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:8. 10.1186/s40814-017-0156-5Correct citation: Jadczak et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0153-8Publication date: 6 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:9. 10.1186/s40814-017-0153-8Correct citation: Heckman et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0150-yPublication date: 6 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:7. 10.1186/s40814-017-0150-yCorrect citation: Twohig et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0159-2Publication date: 6 July 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:14. 10.1186/s40814-017-0159-2Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0147-6Correct citation: Thabane and Lancaster Publication date: 21 June 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:5. 10.1186/s40814-017-0147-6Correct citation: Joseph et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0148-5Publication date: 21 June 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:6. 10.1186/s40814-017-0148-5Correct citation: Leach et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0155-6Publication date: 20 June 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:4. 10.1186/s40814-017-0155-6Correct citation: Stone and Ndagijimana Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0151-xPublication date: 17 June 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:3.Correct citation: Jones 10.1186/s40814-017-0151-xArticle: 10.1186/s40814-017-0149-4Publication date: 15 June 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:2. 10.1186/s40814-017-0149-4Correct citation: Nguyen et al. Article: 10.1186/s40814-017-0145-8Publication date: 9 June 2017.Pilot and Feasibility Studies (2018) 4:1. 10.1186/s40814-017-0145-8Correct citation: Learmonth and Motl Since this error was detected, the journal has resumed publication in the 2017 volume, volume number 3. In 2018, the journal will resume publication in volume number 4. The publisher apologizes for any confusion caused by this error."}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessmentsSalmonella Enteritidis infections linked to Polish eggsMulti-country outbreak of Date of publication: 12 December 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/multi-country-outbreak-salmonella-enteritidis-infections-linked-polish-eggsListeriamonocytogenes PCR serogroup IVb, MLST ST6Multi-country outbreak of Date of publication: 8 December 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/multi-country-outbreak-listeria-monocytogenes-pcr-serogroup-ivb-mlst-st6Outbreak of travel-associated Legionnaires' disease - Palmanova, Mallorca (Spain), September - October 2017Date of publication: 23 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/outbreak-travel-associated-legionnaires-disease-palmanova-mallorca-spainOutbreak of pneumonic plague in Madagascar: recent introduction in the SeychellesDate of publication: 13 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-outbreak-pneumonic-plague-madagascar-recent-introductionOutbreak of plague in Madagascar, 2017 Date of publication: 9 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-outbreak-plague-madagascar-2017Clusters of autochthonous chikungunya cases in Italy Date of publication: 9 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-clusters-autochthonous-chikungunya-cases-italy-first-updateTechnical reportsGuide to revision of national pandemic influenza preparedness plans: Lessons learned from the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemicDate of publication: 23 November 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/systematic-review-active-case-finding-communicable-diseases-prison-settingsTraining needs assessment for EU/EEA countries: Assessment methodology and 2015 survey Date of publication: 26 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/training-needs-assessment-eueea-countries-assessment-methodology-and-2015-surveyECDC, EFSA and EMA Joint Scientific Opinion on a list of outcome indicators as regards surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial consumption in humans and food-producing animals Date of publication: 26 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-efsa-and-ema-joint-scientific-opinion-list-outcome-indicators-regardsAedesaegypti and Aedesalbopictus mosquitoes - Literature review and analysis Vector control with a focus on Date of publication: 16 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/vector-control-focus-aedes-aegypti-and-aedes-albopictus-mosquitoes-literaturePublic health emergency preparedness: Core competencies for EU Member States Date of publication: 5 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/public-health-emergency-preparedness-core-competencies-eu-member-statesScientific adviceExpert opinion on the introduction of the meningococcal B (4CMenB) vaccine in the EU/EEADate of publication: 6 December 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/expert-opinion-introduction-meningococcal-b-4cmenb-vaccine-eueeaSystematic review on active case finding of communicable diseases in prison settingsDate of publication: 23 November 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/systematic-review-active-case-finding-communicable-diseases-prison-settingsTechnical documentsEffective use of digital platforms for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men in the European Union/European EconomicDate of publication: 1 December 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/effective-use-digital-platforms-hiv-prevention-among-men-who-have-sex-menGuidance for the management of suspected bubonic plague cases identified on aircraft and shipsDate of publication: 30 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/guidance-management-suspected-bubonic-plague-cases-identified-aircraft-and-shipsInformation for travellers to Madagascar Date of publication: 27 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/information-travellers-madagascarGuidance for healthcare workers on the use of personal protective equipment in the management of bubonic and pneumonic plague patientsDate of publication: 26 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/guidance-healthcare-workers-use-personal-protective-equipment-management-bubonicGuidance for the management of suspected pneumonic plague cases identified on aircraft and shipsDate of publication: 26 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/guidance-management-suspected-pneumonic-plague-cases-identified-aircraft-andSurveillance reportsThe European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2016Date of publication: 12 December 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/european-union-summary-report-trends-and-sources-zoonoses-zoonotic-agents-and-9Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, December 2017Date of publication: 08 December 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-december-2017HIV/AIDS surveillance in Europe 2017 \u2013 2016 dataDate of publication: 28 November 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hivaids-surveillance-europe-2017-2016-dataSurveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Europe 2017Date of publication: 15 November 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/surveillance-antimicrobial-resistance-europe-2017Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, November 2017Date of publication: 10 November 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-november-2017Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, September 2017 Date of publication: 23 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-september-2017ECDC/EFSA joint report: Avian influenza overview October 2016-AugustDate of publication: 16 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdcefsa-joint-report-avian-influenza-overview-october-2016-august-2017Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, October 2017 Date of publication: 13 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-october-2017Bi-annual measles and rubella monitoring report, October 2017Date of publication: 13 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/bi-annual-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-october-2017Annual Epidemiological Report series on communicable diseases in EuropeDate of publication: released as new disease chapters become availablehttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/annual-epidemiological-reportsECDC communicable disease threats reportDate of publication: every Fridayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/threats-and-outbreaks/reports-and-data/weekly-threatsCorporate publicationEvaluation of ECDC Ebola deployment in Guinea Date of publication: 17 October 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/evaluation-ecdc-ebola-deployment-guineaMission reportECDC country visit to Luxembourg to discuss antimicrobial resistance issuesDate of publication: 21 November 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-country-visit-luxembourg-discuss-antimicrobial-resistance-issuesScientific peer-reviewed publicationsPublications by ECDC staff in scientific journalsUpdated monthlyhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data?f%5b0%5d=output_types%3A1247"}
{"text": "EPI-NEWS 34, 201624 August 2016, Denmarkhttp://www.ssi.dk/English/News/EPI-NEWS/2016/No%2034%20-%202016.aspxHealth Protection Report; 10(25)5 August 2016, United Kingdomhttps://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-protection-report-volume-10-2016/hpr-volume-10-issue-25-news-5-august#measles-associated-with-summer-festivalsEpi-Insight 2016;17(8)August 2016, Irelandhttp://ndsc.newsweaver.ie/epiinsight/s7l9818i9vu?a=2&p=50630336&t=17517804EPI-NEWS 28-33, 201617 August 2016, Denmarkhttp://www.ssi.dk/English/News/EPI-NEWS/2016/No%2028-33%20-%202016.aspxEpidemiologisches Bulletin 32, 201615 August 2016, Germanyhttps://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/EpidBull/Archiv/2016/Ausgaben/32_16.pdf?__blob=publicationFile"}
{"text": "The ideescribed . The preic-based . Interesic-based . Furtheric-based . With reic-based . Overall"}
{"text": "Date of publication: 9 September 2016Crimean\u2013Congo haemorrhagic fever in Spainhttp://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever-spain-risk-assessment.pdfDate of publication: 6 September 2016Salmonella Enteritidis phagetype 8, MLVA type 2-9-7-3-2 infections Multi-country outbreak of http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/29-08-2016-RRA-Salmonella%20Enteritidis-United%20Kingdom,%20Netherlands.pdfDate of publication: 1 September 2016Measles and rubella monitoring, July 2016http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/measles-rubella-monitoring-july-2016.pdfDate of publication: every FridayECDC communicable disease threats reporthttp://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/surveillance_reports/Communicable-Disease-Threats-Report/Pages/default.aspx"}
{"text": "Bangkok, ThailandInformations: Programme CoordinatorPhone: 7025085200heartdisease@cardiologyconference.orgE-mail: heartdiseases.conferenceseries.com/asiapacific/Site: London, United KingdomInformations: L.R. Associates - Ms. L. RichardsonPhone: 077 111 32946Fax: 01296 733 823lorrainerichardson1@btinternet.comE-mail: www.bismics.org.ukSite: Cleveland, United StatesInformations: Jamie BelkinPhone: 216 932 3448jamie@jamiebelkin.comE-mail: http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/live/courses/ich/Site: La Jolla, United StatesInformations: Promedica International CMEPhone: 760-720-2263Fax: 760-720-6263promedicacme.com/Site: Hamburg, GermanyInformations: Sue HesfordPhone: + 44 1392 430671sue@ests.org.ukE-mail: www.ests.orgSite: San Antonio, United StatesInformations: Southern Thoracic Surgical AssociationPhone: 312.202.5892Fax: 773.289.0871stsa@stsa.orgE-mail: stsa.org/64thannual/Site: Kolkata, IndiaInformations: Sandip Sardarsecretary.eicc@gmail.comE-mail: www.cardiacconclave.comSite: Bologna, ItalyInformations: Monica FalzoniPhone: +39 051230385Fax: +39 051221894m.falzoni@noemacongressi.itE-mail: www.noemacongressi.itSite: Singapore, SingaporeInformations: AkanshaPhone: 1-302-231-6756cardiology@meetingseries.orgE-mail: www.meetingsint.com/healthcare-conferences/cardiology/registrationSite: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/educational-events/programme/2017-congenital-heart-disease/SitePuerto Varas, ChileInformations: SER Chileser@serchile.clE-mail: www.serchile.clSite: Melbourne, AustraliaInformations: Simone WattPhone: +61 3 9249 1158atcsa2017@surgeons.orgE-mail: www.atcsa2017.comSite: Strasbourg, FranceInformations: Sue HesfordPhone: 01392 430671sue@ests.org.ukE-mail: www.ests.orgSite: Beverly Hills, United StatesInformations: Promedica International CMEPhone: 760-720-2263Fax: 760-720-6263www.controversiesincardiology.com/Site: Cepina, ItalyInformations: Sue HesfordPhone: + 44 1392 430671sue@ests.org.ukE-mail: www.ests.orgSite: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/educational-events/programme/Site: Bad Oeynhausen, GermanyInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/educational-events/programme/Site: New York, United StatesInformations: Jamie BelkinPhone: 216 932 3448jamie@jamiebelkin.comE-mail: www.ccfcme.org/mitralmastersSite: Tel Aviv, IsraelInformations: ICI 2017 SecretariatPhone: +972-3-5767737/9secretariat@icimeeting.comE-mail: 2017.icimeeting.com/Site: S\u00e3o Paulo, BrazilInformations: AATSPhone: 978-252-2200Fax: 978-522-8469meetings@aats.orgE-mail: www.aats.org/icsSite: Rome, ItalyInformations: Ellena StewartPhone: 1-702-508-5200Ext: 8033worldcardiology.conferenceseries.com/Site:"}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessmentsRapid risk assessment: Outbreak of yellow fever in Brazil, Third update.Date of publication: 16 March 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-outbreak-yellow-fever-brazil-third-updateRapid risk assessment: Outbreak of yellow fever in BrazilDate of publication: 18 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-outbreak-yellow-fever-brazil-second-updateSalmonella Agona infections linked to infant formulaJoint Rapid Outbreak Assessment: Multi-country outbreak of Date of publication: 17 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/joint-rapid-outbreak-assessment-multi-country-outbreak-salmonella-agonaRisk assessment for seasonal influenza, EU/EEA, 2017\u20132018Date of publication: 20 December 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/risk-assessment-seasonal-influenza-eueea-2017-2018Technical reportsGuidelines for presentation of surveillance dataDate of publication: 14 March 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/guidelines-presentation-surveillance-dataBordetella pertussis serology 2016External quality assessment scheme for Date of publication: 06 February 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/external-quality-assessment-scheme-bordetella-pertussis-serology-2016EU/EEA capacity for the surveillance of hepatitis B and C using molecular methods Date of publication: 23 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/eueea-capacity-surveillance-hepatitis-b-and-c-using-molecular-methodsSurveillance reportsTuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe, 2018Date of publication: 19 March 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/tuberculosis-surveillance-and-monitoring-europe-2018Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, March 2018Date of publication: 9 March 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-march-2018The European Union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2016Date of publication: 27 February 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/european-union-summary-report-antimicrobial-resistance-zoonotic-and-indicator-4Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, February 2018Date of publication: 9 February 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-february-2018Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, January 2018Date of publication: 17 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-december-2017Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, January 2018Date of publication: 12 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-january-2018ECDC/EFSA joint report: Avian influenza overview September \u2013 November 2017Date of publication: 22 December 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdcefsa-joint-report-avian-influenza-overview-september-november-2017Corporate publicationECDC international relations policy 2020Date of publication: 29 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-international-relations-policy-2020Scientific peer-reviewed publicationsPublications by ECDC staff in scientific journalsUpdated monthlyhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data?f%5b0%5d=output_types%3A1247Annual Epidemiological Report series on communicable diseases in EuropeSeasonal influenza - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016-17 seasonDate of publication: 15 March 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/seasonal-influenza-annual-epidemiological-report-2016-17-seasonZoonotic influenza - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 15 March 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/zoonotic-influenza-annual-epidemiological-report-2016Tularaemia - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/tularaemia-annual-epidemiological-report-2015Tick-borne encephalitis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/tick-borne-encephalitis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015Congenital toxoplasmosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/congenital-toxoplasmosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015Dengue fever - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/dengue-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2015Ebola and Marburg fevers - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ebola-and-marburg-fevers-annual-epidemiological-report-2015Malaria - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/malaria-annual-epidemiological-report-2015Escherichia coli (STEC/VTEC) infection - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Shigatoxin/verocytotoxin-producing Date of publication: 30 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/shigatoxinverocytotoxin-producing-escherichia-coli-stecvtec-infection-annualCryptosporidiosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 26 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/cryptosporidiosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015Chikungunya fever - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 26 January 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/chikungunya-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2015"}
{"text": "Scientific Reports7: Article number: 4532010.1038/srep45320; published online: 05282017; updated: 05172018This Article contains errors in Reference 25 and 26, which are incorrectly given as follows:First Toba, now Maninjau: another mass fish death hits an Indonesian lake. Mongabay. https://news.mongabay.com/2016/09/first-toba-now-maninjau-another-mass-fish-death-hits-an-indonesian-lake/cited on Sep. 28, 2016 (2016).\u2019\u2018Jacobson, P. Why did millions of fish turn up to dead in Indonesia\u2019s giant Lake Toba. Mongabay. https://news.mongabay.com/2016/08/why-did-millions-of-fish-turn-up-dead-in-indonesias-giant-lake-toba/ cited on Sep. 28, 2016 (2016).\u2019\u2018Jacobson, P. The correct references are listed below as refs"}
{"text": "Chicago, United StatesInformations: AATSPhone: 978-252-2200Fax: 978-522-8469meetings@aats.orgE-mail: aats.org/valveSite: Washington, United StatesInformations: Michelle TaylorPhone: 312-202-5800Fax: 312-202-5801education@sts.orgE-mail: sts.org/criticalcareSite: Phoenix, United StatesInformations: Promedica International CMEPhone: 760-720-2263Fax: 760-720-6263promedicacme.comSite: New York, United StatesInformations: Office of Continuing Medical EducationPhone: 646-227-2025cme@mskcc.orgE-mail: mskcc.org/ThoracicSurgeryCourseSite: Vienna, AustriaInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: eacts.org/educational-events/eacts-annual-meetingSite: Toronto, CanadaInformations: Jennifer O'Hareinfo-MED1778@cpdtoronto.caE-mail: cpd.utoronto.ca/pulmonaryhypertensionSite: Budapest, HungaryInformations: David MathewsPhone: 7025085200eurocardiology@cardiologyconference.orgE-mail: cardiology.conferenceseries.com/europeSite: Amelia Island, United StatesInformations: Eastern Cardiothoracic Surgical SocietyPhone: 01296 733 823Fax: 01296 733 823meeting@ectss.orgE-mail: ectss.orgSite: Osaka, JapanInformations: Vaishnavi NPhone: 7025085200cardiacpharmacology@conferenceseries.netE-mail: cardiac.pharmaceuticalconferences.comSite: London, United KingdomInformations: Lorraine Richardson, Mr. Marco ScarciPhone: 01296 733 823Fax: 07711 132 946lorrainerichardson1@btinternet.commarco.scarci@mac.comE-mail: www.internationalvats.comSite: Hamburg, GermanyInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: eacts.org/educational-events/programmeSite: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: eacts.org/educational-events/programmeSite:"}
{"text": "Glossina morsitans morsitans in the fourth paragraph under the subheading \u201cOdorant Binding Proteins\u201d in the Methods section. It should read as follows:There are errors in the accession numbers for GMOY000890-PA, GMOY002825-PA,GMOY002826-PA, GMOY007757-PA, GMOY006521-PA, GMOY006522-PA, GMOY009708 -PA,GMOY005548 -PA,GMOY004317 -PA,GMOY004316 -PA,GMOY005184 -PA,GMOY012275 -PA,GMOY005550 -PA,GMOY005184 -PA,GMOY002859-PA,GMOY006523-PAGlossina morsitans morsitans in the fourth paragraph under the subheading \u201cOdorant Receptors\u201d in the Methods section is incomplete. It should read as follows:The list of accession numbers for GMOY005610 -PA,GMOY005796 -PA, GMOY004772 -PA,GMOY012018 -PA,GMOY009475 -PA,GMOY010761 -PA,GMOY009271 -PA,GMOY003312 -PA,GMOY001365 -PA,GMOY005386 -PA,GMOY012322 -PA,GMOY011399 -PA,GMOY010839 -PA,GMOY012357 -PA,GMOY008038 -PA,GMOY005084 -PA,GMOY005479 -PA,GMOY011902 -PA,GMOY004392 -PA,GMOY012356 -PA,GMOY006480 -PA,GMOY006479-PA,GMOY006265- GMOY012218-PA, GMOY001927-PA, GMOY012357-PA, GMOY012253-PA"}
{"text": "Toronto, CanadaInformations: Nancy BushPhone: 4169782719info-SUR1726@cpdtoronto.caE-mail: www.cpd.utoronto.ca/lungtransplant/Site: Toronto, CanadaInformations: Nancy BushPhone: 4169782719E-mail: info-SUR1726@cpdtoronto.cawww.torontothoracicrefresher.ca/Site: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Marseille, FranceInformations: Judith MoonenPhone: + 31 6 29 229 655office@fecect.orgE-mail: www.fecect.orgSite: Berlin, GermanyInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Paris, FranceInformations: Raul Wilsonannualmeeting.conferenceseries.com/cardiologists/Site: Catanzaro, ItalyInformations: Prof.PasqualePhone: +39 09613695851umgaorta@unicz.itE-mail: maori.unicz.it/Site: Colorado Springs, United StatesInformations: Heather Nuttermeetings@westernthoracic.orgE-mail: meetings.westernthoracic.org/Site: Chicago, United StatesInformations: ASAIO Headquarterswww.asaio.comSite: Las Vegas, United StatesInformations: Joseph BashaPhone: 318-623-0890www.TheNewOrleansConference.comSite: Windsor, United Arab EmiratesInformations: EACTSinfo@eacts.co.ukE-mail: www.eacts.org/academy/2017-programme/Site: Chicago, United StatesInformations: Suzanne Williamsvascular.cmesociety.com/Site:"}
{"text": "Birmingham, United KingdomInformations: Lorraine RichardsonPhone: +447711132946Fax: 01296 733823lorrainerichardson1@btinternet.comE-mail: www.bismics.org.ukSite: New Delhi, IndiaInformations: Dr. Kunal SarkarPhone: +919830080006kunal.cardiac@gmail.comE-mial: www.icc2016.inSite: London, United KingdomInformations: Alison ChanPhone: 02072903937Fax: 02072903992cardiothoracic@rsm.ac.ukE-mail: www.rsm.ac.uk/events/cth01Site: Tradate, ItalyInformations: Sue HesfordPhone: + 44 1392 430671Fax: + 44 1392 430671sue@ests.org.ukE-mail: www.ests.orgSite: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTShttp://www.eacts.org/academy/2016-programme/Site: Beverly, United StatesInformations: Rebecca LawPhone: 760-720-2263Fax: 760-720-6263rlaw@promedicacme.comE-mail: http://promedicacme.com/Site: Hong Kong S.A.R., ChinaInformations: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery TheChinese University of Hong KongPhone: (852) 2632 2629/2632 3586Fax: (852) 2637 7974enb2016@surgery.cuhk.edu.hkE-mail: www.surgery.cuhk.edu.hk/enb2016Site: Leeds, United KingdomInformations: Sue Hesfordsue@ests.org.ukE-mail: www.ests.orgSite: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTShttp://www.eacts.org/academy/2016-programme/Site: Windsor, United KingdomInformations: EACTShttp://www.eacts.org/academy/2016-programme/Site: Lecce, ItalyInformations: Gaetano Di RienzoPhone: +39/3496398344Fax: +39/0832661608gaetanodirienzo1@gmail.comE-mail: chirurgiatoracicalecce.itSite: Tel Aviv, IsraelInformations: Paragon Israel (Dan Knassim)Phone: +972-3-5767730/7secretariat@icimeeting.comE-mail: http://2016.icimeeting.com/Madrid, SpainInformations: David MathewsPhone: 7025085200eurocardiology@cardiologyconference.orgE-mail: http://cardiology.conferenceseries.com/europe/Site:"}
{"text": "Adapting to the Impacts of Climate ChangeAmerica\u2019s Climate Choices: Panel on Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 325 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14591-6, $56.95Advancing the Science of Climate ChangeAmerica\u2019s Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 506 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14588-6, $56.95AirJohn KnechtelCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01466-3, $15.95Bottled and Sold: The Story Behind Our Obsession with Bottled WaterPeter GleickWashington, DC:Island Press, 2010. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-528-7, $26.96Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention: A Framework to Inform Decision MakingShiriki K. Kumanyika, Lynn Parker, Leslie J. Sim, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 340 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14989-1, $55Design for Ecological DemocracyRandolph T. HesterCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 528 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51500-9, $21.95Disrupted Networks: From Physics to Climate ChangeBruce J West, Nicola ScafettaHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 316 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4304-30-6, $68Handbook of Renewable Energy TechnologyAhmed F. Zobaa, Rarnesh BansalHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 700 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4289-06-1, $185Health in the European Union: Trends and AnalysisP. Mladovsky, S. Allin, C. Masseria, C. Hern\u00e1ndez-Quevedo, D. McDaid, E. MossialosGeneva:WHO Press, 2010. 189 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2890-4190-4, $50Ignorance and Surprise: Science, Society, and Ecological DesignMatthias GrossCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01348-2, $30Indoor Air PollutionRobert Maynard, Paul Harrison, Isabella MyersHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-493-2, $ 115Limiting the Magnitude of Future Climate ChangeAmerica\u2019s Climate Choices: Panel on Limiting the Magnitude of Future Climate Change; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 258 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14597-8, $56.95Preparing for Climate ChangeMichael D. Mastrandrea, Stephen H. SchneiderCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 96 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01488-5, $14.95Research Tools in Natural Resource and Environmental EconomicsAmitrajeet A. Batabyal, Peter Nijkamp, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4289-22-1, $110Review of the Department of Defense Enhanced Particulate Matter Surveillance Program ReportCommittee for Review of the DOD s Enhanced Particulate Matter Surveillance Program Report; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15413-0, $44.50Towards a Livable and Sustainable Urban Environment: Eco-Cities in East AsiaLiang Fook Lye, Gang ChenHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4287-76-0, $58"}
{"text": "Accounting for Climate Change: Uncertainty in Greenhouse Gas Inventories\u2014Verification, Compliance, and TradingD. Lieberman, M. Jonas, Z. Nahorski, S. Nilsson, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 162 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5929-2, $139American Environmental Policy, 1990\u20132006: Beyond GridlockChristopher McGrory Klyza, David SousaCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 408 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-11313-7, $69Climate and Land DegradationMannava V.K. Sivakumar, Ndegwa Ndiang\u2019ui, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 623 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-72437-7, $229Earth Science and Applications from Space: National Imperatives for the Next Decade and BeyondCommittee on Earth Science and Applications from Space, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 456 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-10387-9, $46Environmental ModelingEkkehard HolzbecherNew York:Springer, 2007. 392 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-72936-5, $139Health Effects of Beryllium Exposure: A Literature ReviewCommittee on Beryllium Alloy Exposures, Committee on Toxicology, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007, 118 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11167-6, $26.32Highway and Urban EnvironmentGregory M. Morrison, S\u00e9bastien Rauch, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 594 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6009-0, $239Implementing Integrated Water Resources Management in Central AsiaPatricia Wouters, Victor Dukhovny, Andrew Allan, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 177 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5730-4, $159Isotopes in the Water Cycle: Past, Present and Future of a Developing SciencePradeep K. Aggarwal, Joel R. Gat, Klaus F. Froehlich, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 381 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6671-9, $59.95Particle-Laden FlowBernard J. Geurts, Herman Clercx, Wim Uijttewaal, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 426 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6217-9, $169Review of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program\u2019s Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.2, \u201cClimate Projections Based on Emission Scenarios for Long-lived and Short-lived Radiatively Active Gases and Aerosols\u201dCommittee to Review the U.S. Climate Change Science Program\u2019s Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.2, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 54 pp., free downloadsThe Environment in Asia Pacific HarboursEric Wolanski, ed.New York:Springer, 2007. 498 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6566-8, $99The Global Circulation of the AtmosphereTapio Schneider, Adam H. Sobel, eds.Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press, 2007. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-0-691-12181-9, $65The Impact of The WTO: The Environment, Public Health and SovereigntyTrish KellyNorthampton, MA:Edward Elgar, 2007. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84720-081-5, $90Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United StatesCommittee on Water Implications of Biofuels Production in the United States, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 86 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11361-8, $18"}
{"text": "Artificial Intelligence Methods in the Environmental SciencesSue Ellen Haupt, Antonello Pasini, Caren Marzban, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 424 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9118-6, $89.95Biofuels: Securing the Planet\u2019s Future Energy NeedsAyhan Demirbas,New York:Springer, 2009. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84882-010-4, $139Boreal Forest and Climate ChangePertti Hari, Liisa Kulmala, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 582 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8717-2, $239Censoring ScienceMark BowenNew York:Plume, 2009. 324 pp. ISBN: 0-452-28962-8, $16Chemical Evolution and the Origin of LifeHorst RauchfussNew York:Springer, 2008. 340 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-78822-5, $139Ecopolis: Architecture and Cities for a Changing ClimatePaul F. DowntonNew York:Springer, 2009. 608 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8495-9, $279Emerging Contaminants from Industrial and Municipal WasteDami\u00e0 Barcel\u00f3, Mira Petrovic, eds,New York:Springer, 2008. 284 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-79209-3, $319Human Toxicology of Chemical MixturesHarold ZeligerSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8155-1589-0, $249Information Resources in ToxicologyPhilip Wexler, P.J. Hakkinen, Asish Mohapatra, Steven G. GilbertSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 1,296 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-373593-5, $199.95Integrated Science: New Approaches to EducationMichael C. Shaw, Michael E. Brint, David Marcey, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 148 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-84852-5, $39.95Introduction to ProteomicsAgnieszka Kraj, Jerzy Silberring, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-05535-9, $89.95New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and RestorationRichard J. Hobbs, Katharine SudingWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 512 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-185-2, $50Nonlinear Regression with RChristian Ritz, Jens Carl StreibigNew York:Springer, 2009. 148 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-09615-5, $54.95Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment: The Task AheadCommittee on the Health Risks of Phthalates, National Research CouncilWashington, DC: National Academies Press, 2008. 208 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12841-4, $46Principles of Environmental SciencesJan J. Boersema, Lucas Reijnders, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 542 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9157-5, $159Science and Its History: A Reassessment of the Historiography of ScienceJoseph AgassiNew York:Springer, 2008. 500 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5631-4, $159Scientific Data Ranking MethodsManuela Pavan, Roberto TodeschiniSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 224 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53020-2, $195The Loom of Life: Unravelling EcosystemsMenno SchilthuizenNew York:Springer, 2008. XVI, 168 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-68051-2, $79.95Toxicogenomics: A Powerful Tool for Toxicity AssessmentSaura SahuHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 422 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-51823-6, $190Uranium, Mining and HydrogeologyBroder J. Merkel, Andrea Hasche-Berger, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 958 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-87745-5, $399"}
{"text": "A Community Guide to Environmental HealthJeff Conant, Pam FademBerkeley:Hesperian, 2008. 617 pp. ISBN: 978-0-942364-56-9, $28Acid Toxicity and Aquatic AnimalsR. Morris, E.W. Taylor, D.J.A. Brown, J.A. Brown, eds.New York:Cambridge University Press, 2008. 294 pp. ISBN: 978-0-521-05762-2, $48Bending Science: How Special Interests Corrupt Public Health ResearchThomas O. McGarity, Wendy E. WagnerCambridge, MA:Harvard University Press, 2008. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-0-674-02815-9, $45Climate Extremes and SocietyHenry F. Diaz, ed.New York:Cambridge University Press, 2008. 356 pp. ISBN: 978-0-521-87028-3, $140Cultivating Science, Harvesting Power: Science and Industrial Agriculture in CaliforniaChristopher R. HenkeCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-08373-7, $32Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and ContaminantsSixty-eight Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food AdditivesGeneva:WHO Press, 2008. 236 pp. ISBN: 978-924-120947-2, $40Facing Climate Change TogetherCatherine Gautier, Jean-Louis Fellous, eds.New York:Cambridge University Press, 2008. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-0-521-89682-5, $80From the Corn Belt to the Gulf: Societal and Environmental Implications of Alternative Agricultural FuturesJoan Iverson Nassauer, Mary V. Santelmann, Donald Scavia, eds.Washington, DC:RFF Press, 2007. 260 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933115-47-4, $85Global Warming: Implications for Freshwater and Marine FishC.M. Wood, D.G. McDonald, eds.New York:Cambridge University Press, 2008. 441 pp. ISBN: 978-0-521-05789-9, $70Life as It Is: Biology for the Public SphereWilliam F. LoomisBerkeley:University of California Press, 2008. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-0-520-25357-5, $24.95Monitoring Ecological Impacts: Concepts and Practice in Flowing WatersBarbara J. Downes, Leon A. Barmuta, Peter G. Fairweather, Daniel P. Faith, Michael J Keough, P.S. Lake, Bruce D. Mapstone, Gerry P. QuinnNew York:Cambridge University Press, 2008. 450 pp. ISBN: 978-0-521-06529-0, $70New York for Sale: Community Planning Confronts Global Real EstateTom AngottiCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01247-8, $24.95Political Theory and Global Climate ChangeSteve Vanderheiden, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-22084-2, $60Solar RevolutionTravis BradfordCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 254 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-52494-0, $14.95Strategic Bargaining and Cooperation in Greenhouse Gas MitigationsZili YangCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 216 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-24054-3, $40The Atlas of Climate Change: Mapping the World\u2019s Greatest ChallengeKirstin Dow, Thomas E. DowningBerkeley:University of California Press, 2007. 128 pp. ISBN: 978-0-520-25558-6, $19.95The Ecological World ViewCharles KrebsBerkeley:University of California Press, 2008. 592 pp. ISBN: 978-0-520-25479-4, $59.95The Use of Nuclear Weapons and the Protection of the Environment during International Armed ConflictErik KoppeOxford, UK:Hart Publishing, 2008. 444 pp. ISBN: 978-1-8411-3745-2, $105Water Policy in Australia: The Impact of Change and UncertaintyLin CraseWashington, DC:RFF Press, 2008. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933115-58-0, $70"}
{"text": "Carbon Capture and StorageSteve RackleySt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 408 pp. ISBN: 978-1-85617-636-1, $150Compendium of Trace Metals and Marine BiotaRonald EislerSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 1,150 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53439-2, $430EcotoxicologyErik Jorgensen, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 402 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53628-0, $79.95Environmental Change in Siberia: Earth Observation, Field Studies and ModellingHeiko Balzter, ed.New York:Springer, 2010. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-8640-2, $169EnvironanotechnologyMaohong Fan, I, C.P. Huang, Alan E. Bland, Zhonglin Wang, Rachid Slimane, Ian G. Wright, eds.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 500 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-054820-3, $147Global Environmental Change: Challenges to Science and Society in Southeastern EuropeV. Alexandrov, M.F. Gajdusek, C.G. Knight, A. Yotova, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 350 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-8694-5, $169Human Exposure to Pollutants via Dermal Absorption and InhalationMihalis Lazaridis, Ian Colbeck, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 308 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-8662-4, $1690Local Governments and Climate Change: Sustainable energy Planning and Implementation in Small and Medium Sized CommunitiesMaryke van Staden, Francesco Musco, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9530-6, $179Long-Term Ecological Research: Between Theory and ApplicationF. M\u00fcller, C. Baessler, H. Schubert, S. Klotz, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 350 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-8781-2, $169Nanoparticles in the Water Cycle: Properties, Analysis and Environmental RelevanceFritz H. Frimmel, R. Niessner, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 240 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-10317-9, $129Realizing the Energy Potential of Methane Hydrate for the United StatesCommittee on Assessment of the Department of Energy\u2019s Methane Hydrate Research and Development Program: Evaluating Methane Hydrate as a Future Energy ResourceWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 150 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14889-4, $36The Architecture of Green Economic PoliciesP.K. RaoNew York:Springer, 2010. 340 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-05107-4, $139UV Radiation in Global Climate Change: Measurements, Modeling and Effects on EcosystemsWei Gao, Daniel L. Schmoldt, James R. Slusser, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 550 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-03312-4, $269"}
{"text": "Acute Exposure Guidelines for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol. 7Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels, Committee on Toxicology, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 236 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12755-4, $50.75Environmental Change and Food Security in ChinaJenifer Huang McBeath, Jerry McBeathNew York:Springer, 2009. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9179-7, $199Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making: Risk Management, Evidence, and EthicsYank Coble, Christine Coussens, Kathleen Quinn, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 92 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12454-6, $21Fundamentals of Patenting and Licensing for Scientists and EngineersMatthew Y MaHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 292 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-420-1, $68Integrating U.S. Climate, Energy, and Transportation PoliciesLiisa Ecola, Scott Hassell, Michael Toman, Martin WachsSanta Clara, CA:RAND Corporation, 2009. 52 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8330-4670-3, $22Metallothioneins and Related ChelatorsAstrid Sigel, Helmut Sigel, Roland K.O. Sigel, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 514 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84755-899-2, $299Real-Time and Deliberative Decision MakingIgor Linkov, Elizabeth Ferguson, Victor S. Magar, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 456 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9024-0, $199.95Science in Democracy: Expertise, Institutions, and RepresentationMark B. BrownCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 368 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01324-6, $56The Economics of Climate Change Policies: Macroeconomic Effects, Structural Adjustments and Technological ChangeRainer Walz, Joachim SchleichNew York:Springer, 2009. 170 pp. ISBN: 978-3-7908-2077-5, $119The Fluoride Wars: How a Modest Public Health Measure Became America\u2019s Longest Running Political MelodramaR. Allan Freeze, Jay H. LehrHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 383 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-44833-5, $39.95Twenty Years of Ozone Decline: Proceedings of the Symposium for the 20th Anniversary of the Montreal ProtocolChristos Zerefos, Georgios Contopoulos, Gregory Skalkeas, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 470 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-2468-8, $169Uncertainties in Environmental Modelling and Consequences for Policy MakingPhilippe Baveye, Jaroslav Mysiak, Magdeline Laba, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 401 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-2635-4, $119Unquenchable: America\u2019s Water Crisis and What to Do About ItRobert GlennonWashington, DC:Island Press, 2009. 416 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-436-5, $27.95Wetland EcosystemsWilliam J. Mitsch, James G. Gosselink, Li Zhang, Christopher J. AndersonHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-28630-2, $75"}
{"text": "Agenda for a Sustainable AmericaJohn DernbachWashington, DC:Island Press, 2009. 520 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58576-133-3, $52.95Bioinformatics: A Concept-Based IntroductionVenkatarajan Mathura, Pandjassarame KangueaneNew York:Springer, 2009. 205 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-84869-3, $69.95Clouds in the Perturbed Climate System: Their Relationship to Energy Balance, Atmospheric Dynamics, and PrecipitationJost Heintzenberg, Robert J. Charlson, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 576 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01287-4, $40Contaminated SedimentsTarek A. Kassim, Dami\u00e0 Barcel\u00f3, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 181 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-88013-4, $189Coping with Climate Change: National Summit ProceedingsRosina M. Bierbaum, Dan Brown, Jan McAlpine, eds.Washington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-556-0, $29.50Energy and Environmental Challenges to SecurityStephen Stec, Besnik Baraj, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 456 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9452-1, $119Energy Studies \u2013 Problems and SolutionsW. Shepherd, D.W. ShepherdHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2008. 292 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-405-5, $88Environmental Justice and Sustainability in the Former Soviet UnionJulian Agyeman, Yelena Ogneva-Himmelberger, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51233-6, $25Influence of Climate Change on the Changing Arctic and Sub-Arctic ConditionsJacques C.J. Nihoul, Andrey G. Kostianoy, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9458-3, $219Marine Toxins as Research ToolsN. Fusetani, W. Kern, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 259 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-87892-6, $199New Developments in Biostatistics and BioinformaticsJianqing Fan, Xihong Lin, Jun S. Liu, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2009. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-743-1, $78Restructuring Federal Climate Research to Meet the Challenges of Climate ChangeNational Research Council, Committee on Strategic Advice on the U.S. Climate Change Science ProgramWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 178 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-13173-5, $41Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk AssessmentNational Research Council, Committee on Improving Risk Analysis Approaches Used by the U.S. EPAWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 424 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12046-3, $64.50ScienceMagazine\u2019s State of the Planet 2008\u20132009Donald Kennedy, ed.Washington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 216 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-406-8, $19.96Structuring an Energy Technology RevolutionCharles Weiss, William B. BonvillianCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01294-2, $24The Design of Climate PolicyRoger Guesnerie, Henry Tulkens, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 408 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-07302-8, $38The Landscape of Reform: Civic Pragmatism and Environmental Thought in AmericaBen A. MinteerCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51255-8, $15The World\u2019s Water 2008\u20132009: The Biennial Report on Freshwater ResourcesPeter GleickWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 432 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-505-8, $35Toward Sustainable Communities, 2nd ed.Daniel A. Mazmanian, Michael E. Kraft, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-13492-7, $50"}
{"text": "Ashley L. Benham. We therefore, would like to include her as an author of this manuscript. The corrected author list is below.Ying Wang, Huifeng Zhu, Blanca Lupiani, Sanjay M Reddy, Byung-Jun Yoon, Preethi H Gunaratne, Jong Hwan Kim, Rui Chen, Junjun Wang and Huaijun Zhou have agreed to add Ms. Benham to the author list and communicated this through an email to your editorial office.> miRBase communication: The following novel miRNAs have been submitted to> > >gga-novel-mir-2132 gga-mir-2188> > >gga-novel-mir-2133 gga-mir-3523> > >gga-novel-mir-2134 tRNA> > >gga-novel-mir-2135 gga-mir-3524> > >gga-novel-mir-2143 gga-mir-3525> > >gga-novel-mir-2136 gga-mir-3526> > >gga-novel-mir-2137 gga-mir-3527> > >gga-novel-mir-2138 gga-mir-3528> > >gga-novel-mir-2139 gga-mir-3529> > >gga-novel-mir-2140 gga-mir-3530> > >gga-novel-mir-2141 gga-mir-2964> > >gga-novel-mir-2142 gga-mir-3531> > >gga-novel-mir-2144 gga-mir-3532> > >gga-novel-mir-2145 gga-mir-3533> > >gga-novel-mir-2146 gga-mir-3534> > >gga-novel-mir-2147 gga-mir-3535> > >gga-novel-mir-2148 gga-mir-3536> > >gga-novel-mir-2149 gga-mir-3537> > >gga-novel-mir-2150 gga-mir-3538-1>> > >gga-novel-mir-2151 gga-mir-3538-2>>> > >gga-novel-mir-2152 gga-mir-3539> > >gga-novel-mir-2153 gga-mir-3540> >> > Your novel-mir-2134 appears to be a tRNA fragment.Correction: Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs in chicken lung and trachea with avian influenza virus infection by a deep sequencing approach1, Vinayak Brahmakshatriya1, Huifeng Zhu2, Blanca Lupiani3, Sanjay M Reddy3, Byung-Jun Yoon4 , Preethi H Gunaratne2 , Jong Hwan Kim2, Ashley L. Benham2, Rui Chen5, Junjun Wang6 and Huaijun Zhou1Ying Wang1 Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-2472, USA2 Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA3 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77840, USA5 Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston 77030, TX, USA6 State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China"}
{"text": "Advances in Molecular Toxicology, Vol. 3James C. Fishbein, ed.St. Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2009. 216 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53357-9, $235Advice on the Department of Energy\u2019s Cleanup Technology Roadmap: Gaps and BridgesCommittee on Development and Implementation of a Cleanup Technology Roadmap; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-13231-2, $58.253Airborne Radioactive Contamination in Inhabited AreasK.G. AnderssonSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-044989-0, $155America\u2019s Energy Future: Technology and TransformationCommittee on America\u2019s Energy Future, Phase1, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 180 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11602-2, $40Arsenic: Environmental Chemistry, Health Threats and Waste TreatmentKevin HenkeHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 588 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-02758-5, $190Environmental Futures, Vol. 2: The Practice of Environmental Scenario AnalysisJ. Alcamo, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 212 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53293-0, $170Environmental Toxicants: Human Exposures and Their Health Effects, 3rd ed.Morton LippmannHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 1,167 pp. ISBN: 978-0-471-79335-9, $195Fundamentals of Toxicologic Pathology, 2nd ed.Wanda M. Haschek, Matthew A. Wallig, Colin G. RousseauxSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 700 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-370469-6, $199.95Gaia in Turmoil: Climate Change, Biodepletion, and Earth Ethics in an Age of CrisisEileen Crist, H. Bruce Rinker, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-03375-6, $54Global Environmental Change and Human SecurityRichard A Matthew, Jon Barnett, Bryan McDonald, Karen L. O\u2019Brien, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 328 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01340-6, $50Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: Theory and PracticeDennis J. Paustenbach, ed.Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 1,592 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-25319-9, $125Human Footprints on the Global Environment: Threats to SustainabilityEugene A. Rosa, Andreas Diekmann, Thomas Dietz, Carlo C. Jaeger, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 328 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01315-4, $54Learning Science in Informal Environments: People, Places, and PursuitsPhilip Bell, Bruce Lewenstein, Andrew W. Shouse, Michael A. Feder, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11955-9, $49.95Linkages of SustainabilityThomas Graedel, Ester van der Voet, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 430 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01358-1, $40Modeling Indoor Air PollutionDarrell W Pepper, David CarringtonHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 360 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-324-9, $98Risk Communication: A Handbook for Communicating Environmental, Safety, and Health RisksR. Lundgren, Andrea McMakinHoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2009, 376 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-41689-1, $79.95"}
{"text": "Apollo's Fire: Igniting America's Clean Energy EconomyJay Inslee, Bracken HendricksWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 416 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-175-0, $25.95Assessing Climate Change: Temperatures, Solar Radiation and Heat BalanceDonald RappNew York:Springer, 2008. 410 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-76586-8, $179Biological, Chemical, and Radiological Terrorism: Emergency Preparedness and Response for the Primary Care PhysicianAlan MelnickNew York:Springer, 2008. 248 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-47231-7, $39.95Combined Exposures to Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide in Army Operations: Initial ReportCommittee on Combined Exposures to Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide in Army Operations, Committee on Toxicology, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 42 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11366-3, $18Decontamination of Warfare Agents: Enzymatic Methods for the Removal of B/C WeaponsAndre Richardt, Marc-Michael Blum, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 311 pp. ISBN: 978-3-527-31756-1, $160Emergence: Contemporary Readings in Philosophy and ScienceMark A. Bedau, Paul Humphreys, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 482 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-02621-5, $80Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics, and InformaticsGeorge R\u00e9deiNew York:Springer, 2008. 2,400 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6755-6, $999Environmental Justice in Latin AmericaDavid V. Carruthers, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-03372-5, $62Environmental Law, Policy, and Economics: Reclaiming the Environmental AgendaNicholas A. Ashford, Charles C. CaldartCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 1,088 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01238-6, $90Essentials of Ecology, 3rd ed.Colin R. Townsend, Michael Begon, John L. HarperHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 532 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-5658-5, $84.95Global Environmental Diplomacy: Negoatiating Environmental Agreements for the World, 1973\u20131992Mostafa K. TolbaCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-70122-8, $23Groundwater Science and Policy: An International OverviewPhillippe Quevauviller, ed.New York:Springer, 2008. 648 pp. ISBN: 978-0-85404-294-4, $199Molecular Mechanisms of CancerGeorg F. WeberNew York:Springer, 2007. 650 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6015-1, $120Pollution of Lakes and RiversJohn P. SmolHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 396 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-5913-5, $59.95Protecting the Gulf\u2019s Marine Ecosystems from PollutionA.H. Abuzinada, H.-J. Barth, F. Krupp, B. B\u00f6er, T.Z. Al Abdessalaam, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 285 pp. ISBN: 978-3-7643-7946-9, $99Review of Toxicologic and Radiologic Risks to Military Personnel from Exposure to Depleted Uranium During and After CombatCommittee on Toxicologic and Radiologic Effects from Exposure to Depleted Uranium During and After Combat, Committee on Toxicology, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 158 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11036-5, $37.50The Green Building RevolutionJerry YudelsonWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 272 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-179-3, $25The Illusion of Certainty: Health Benefits and RisksErik Rifkin, Edward BouwerNew York:Springer, 2007. 244 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-75165-8, $29.95The Joy of ScienceRichard A. LockshinNew York:Springer, 2008. 450 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6098-4, $89.95The Option of Urbanism: Investing in a New American DreamChristopher B. LeinbergerWashington, DC:Island Press, 2007. 224 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-136-X, $25.95The Role of Theory in Advancing 21st Century Biology: Catalyzing Transformative ResearchCommittee on Defining and Advancing the Conceptual Basis of Biological Sciences in the 21st Century, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 208 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11249-9, $45The Toxicology and Biochemistry of InsecticidesSimon J. YuBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2008. 296 pp. ISBN: 9781420059755, $99.95Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and a StrategyCommittee on Toxicity Testing and Assessment of Environmental Agents, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 216 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-10992-5, $32.40"}
{"text": "America\u2019s Environmental Report Card: Are We Making the Grade?Harvey BlattCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51591-7, $19.95Assessment of Intraseasonal to Interannual Climate Prediction and PredictabilityCommittee on Assessment of Intraseasonal to Interannual Climate Prediction and Predictability; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 192 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15183-2, $43.25Climate Change and Food Security in South AsiaK.R. Islam, A.H.M. Mustafizur Rahman, S.M.A. Faiz, M. Sivakumar, R. Lal, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 440 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-9515-2, $209Climate Change BiologyLee HannahSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 416 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-374182-0, $59.95Coming Clean: Breaking America\u2019s Addiction to Oil and CoalMichael BruneSan Francisco:Sierra Club Books, 2010. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-1-57805-190-8, $10.85Describing Socioeconomic Futures for Climate Change Research and AssessmentPanel on Socio-Economic Scenarios for Climate Change Research and Assessment; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 80 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-16144-2, $21Energy Economics: CO2Emissions in ChinaY. Wei, L. Liu, G. Wu, L. Zou, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 360 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-13846-1, $179Freshwater Ecology, 2nd ed.Walter K. Dodds, Matt R WhilesSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 829 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-374724-2, $99.95Global Change: Mankind\u2013Marine Environment InteractionsH.-J. Ceccaldi, I. Dekeyser, M. Girault, G. Stora, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 450 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-8629-7, $179Global EcologySven Erik Jorgensen, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 480 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53626-6, $79.95Health Hazards of Environmental Arsenic Poisoning: From Epidemic to PandemicChien-Jen Chen, Hung-Yi Chiou, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 350 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4291-81-1, $124Impacts of Global Change on the Hydrological Cycle in West and Northwest AfricaPeter Speth, Michael Christoph, Bernd Diekkr\u00fcger, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 675 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-12956-8, $179In Extremis: Disruptive Events and Trends in Climate and HydrologyJ\u00fcrgen Kropp, Hans-Joachim Schellnhuber, eds.New York:Springer, 2011. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-14862-0, $169Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing OceanCommittee on the Development of an Integrated Science Strategy for Ocean Acidification Monitoring, Research, and Impacts Assessment; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 175 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15359-1, $32Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Research and Development on Urban SystemsDaniel Schaffer, Derek Vollmer, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 124 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15895-4, $31.75"}
{"text": "Arsenic Pollution: A Global SynthesisPeter Ravenscroft, Hugh Brammer, Keith RichardsHoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 616 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-8602-5, $129.95Diagnosis: Mercury: Money, Politics, and PoisonJane HightowerWashington, DC: Island Press, 2008. 326 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-395-5, $24.95Doing Science: Design, Analysis, and Communication of Scientific ResearchIvan ValielaNew York: Oxford University Press, 2009. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-538573-1, $34.95Globalization: The Making of World SocietyFrank J. LechnerHoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-6906-6, $89.95Green Urbanism Down Under: Learning from Sustainable Communities in AustraliaTimothy Beatley, Peter NewmanWashington, DC: Island Press, 2008. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-411-2, $70Informing Decisions in a Changing ClimatePanel on Strategies and Methods for Climate-Related Decision Support; National Research CouncilWashington, DC: National Academies Press, 2009. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-13748-5, $39Mapping the Future of Biology: Evolving Concepts and TheoriesAnouk Barberousse, Michel Morange, Thomas Pradeu, eds.New York: Springer, 2009. 184 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9635-8, $129Microarrays: Preparation, Microfluidics, Detection Methods, and Biological ApplicationsKilian Dill, Robin Hui Liu, Piotr Grodzinsky, eds.New York: Springer, 2009. 356 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-72716-5, $149Principles of Ecosystem Stewardship: Resilience-Based Natural Resource Management in a Changing WorldF. Stuart Chapin III, Gary P. Kofinas, Carl Folke, eds.New York: Springer, 2009. 402 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-73032-5, $49.95Real World EcologyShiLi Miao, Susan Carstenn, Martha Nungesser, eds.New York: Springer, 2009. 312 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-77916-4, $49.95Resilient Cities: Responding to Peak Oil and Climate ChangePeter Newman, Timothy Beatley, Heather BoyerWashington, DC: Island Press, 2009. 166 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-498-3, $60Restructuring Federal Climate Research to Meet the Challenges of Climate ChangeCommittee on Strategic Advice on the U.S. Climate Change Science Program; National Research CouncilWashington, DC: National Academies Press, 2009. 266 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-13173-5, $50.18The Access Principle: The Case for Open Access to Research and ScholarshipJohn WillinskyCambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2009. 307 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51266-4, $16.95"}
{"text": "Breakthrough Communities: Sustainability and Justice in the Next American MetropolisM. Paloma Pavel, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 456 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01268-3, $54Changing Climates in North American Politics: Institutions, Policymaking, and Multilevel GovernanceHenrik Selin, Stacy D. VanDeveer, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01299-7, $52Climate and Society: Climate as Resource, Climate as RiskNico Stehr, Hans von StorchHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4280-53-2, $70Climate Change and CropsS.N.Singe, ed.New York:Springer, 2009. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-88245-9, $179Science Matters: Humanities as Complex SystemsMaria Burguete, Lui Lam, eds/Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2008. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-593-2, $51The Evolution of the Law and Politics of WaterJoseph W. Dellapenna, Joyeeta Gupta, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 413 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9866-6, $169The History, Use, Disposition and Environmental Fate of Agent OrangeAlvin L. YoungNew York:Springer, 2009. 339 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-87485-2, $99Water Scarcity, Land Degradation and Desertification in the Mediterranean Region: Environmental and Security AspectsJ.L. Rubio, U. Safriel, R. Daussa, W.E.H. BlumNew York:Springer, 2009. 156 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-2525-8, $89.95Handbook of Input-Output Economics in Industrial EcologySangwon SuhNew York:Springer, 2009. 882 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-4083-2, $269Managers of Global Change: The Influence of International Environmental BureaucraciesFrank Biermann, Bernd Siebenh\u00fcner, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 376 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01274-4, $56Modelling Ocean Climate VariabilityArtem S. Sarkisyan, J\u00fcrgen E. S\u00fcndermannNew York:Springer, 2009. 374 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9207-7, $179Politics of China\u2019s Environmental Protection: Problems and ProgressChen GangHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-869-8, $68Counteraction to Chemical and Biological Terrorism in East European CountriesChristophor Dishovsky, Alexander PivovarovNew York,:Springer, 2009. 324 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-2341-4, $89.95Crucial Issues in Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol: Asia and the WorldKheng-Lian Koh, , Lin Heng Lye, Jolene LinHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 550 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4277-52-5, $98Global Democracy and Sustainable Jurisprudence: Deliberative Environmental LawWalter F. Baber, Robert V. BartlettCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 248 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01302-4, $44Governing the Tap: Special District Governance and the New Local Politics of WaterMegan MullinCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01313-0, $44"}
{"text": "The following information was omitted from the funding statement: This work was also supported by NIH-R21-CA129905 and DOD-BCRP-W81XWH-08-1-0668."}
{"text": "ISBN: 978-1-4020-6564-4, $69.95Advances in Molecular Toxicology, 2James C. FishbeinBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2008. 275 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53098-1, $199.95Biosecurity and BioterrorismJeffrey Ryan, Jan GiarumBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2008. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7506-8489-7, $69.95Cancer Proteomics: From Bench to BedsideSayed S. Daoud, ed.New York:Springer, 2008. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-858-4, $125Class 2 Transferases XIIDietmar Schomburg, Ida Schomburg, A. Chang, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 550 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-71523-8, $389Environmental CrisesHans von Storch, Richard Tol, G\u00f6tz Fl\u00f6ser, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 146 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-75895-2, $109Environmental Policy Instruments for Conserving Global BiodiversityOliver DekeNew York:Springer, 2008. 392 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-73747-6, $149Environmental Regulatory Calculations HandbookLouis TheodoreHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. 561 pp. ISBN: 978-0-471-67171-8, $145Globalization and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualizing Security in the 21st CenturyH.G. Brauch, Spring, \u00da. Oswald, C. Mesjasz, J. Grin, P. Dunay, N.C. Behera, B. Chourou, P. Kameri-Mbote, P.H. Liotta, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 1,148 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-75976-8, $309Global Risk Governance: Concept and Practice Using the IRGC FrameworkO. Renn, K. Walker, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 370 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6798-3, $149MetabolomicsJens Nielsen, Michael C. Jewett, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 284 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-74718-5, $189Oil and Security: A World beyond PetroleumE.G. FrankelNew York:Springer, 2008. 184 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6381-7, $119Peptidomics: Methods and ApplicationsMikhail Soloviev, Per Andr\u00e9n, Chris ShawHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. 401 pp. ISBN: 978-0-471-67781-9, $99.95Practical BioinformaticsJanusz M. Bujnicki, ed.New York:Springer, 2008. 265 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-74267-8, $99Review of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program\u2019s Draft Synthesis and Assessment Product 2.4: Trends in Emissions of Ozone Depleting Substances, Ozone Layer Recovery, and Implications for Ultraviolet Radiation ExposureCommittee to Review the U.S. Climate Change Science Program\u2019s Draft Synthesis and Assessment Product 2.4, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 76 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11525-4, $18.90Risk Assessment for Chemicals in Drinking WaterRobert A. Howd, Anna M. FanHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. 392 pp. ISBN: 978-0-471-72344-8, $99.95The Black Sea EnvironmentAndrey G. Kostianoy, Aleksey N. Kosarev, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 457 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-74291-3, $329The Joy of ScienceRichard A. LockshinNew York, NY: Springer, 2008, 450 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6098-4, $89.95"}
{"text": "Aerosol Pollution Impact on PrecipitationZev Levin, William R. Cotton, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 386 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8689-2, $229Comparative GenomicsCraig Nelson; St\u00e9phane Vialette, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 265 p. ISBN: 978-3-540-87988-6, $69.95Computational Methods in Systems BiologyMonika Heiner, Adelinde M. Uhrmacher, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 403 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-88561-0, $89.95Coral Bleaching: Patterns, Processes, Causes and ConsequencesMadeleine J. H. van Oppen, Janice M. Lough, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 178 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-69774-9, $119Creating Scientific ConceptsNancy NersessianCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-14105-5, $32Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient EnvironmentsVivien Gornitz, ed.New York:Springer, 2009. 1,049 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-4551-6, $499Global Climatology and Ecodynamics: Anthropogenic Changes to Planet EarthArthur Philip Cracknell, Vladimir F. Krapivin, Costas VarotsosNew York:Springer, 2008. 520 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-78208-7, $259Institutions and Environmental Change: Principal Findings, Applications, and Research FrontiersOran R. Young, Leslie A. King, Heike Schroeder, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-24057-4, $70New Directions in Climate Change Vulnerability, Impacts, and Adaptation AssessmentJennifer F. BrewerWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 40 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-13006-6, $15Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol. 196David M. Whitacre, ed.New York:Springer, 2009. 205 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-78443-4, $109Reviews of Environmental Contamination, Vol. 197: Arsenic Pollution and RemediationHemda Garelick, Huw Jones, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 194 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-79283-5, $139Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk AssessmentCommittee on Improving Risk Analysis Approaches Used by the U.S. EPA, National Research CouncilWashington, DC: National Academies Press, 2008. 478 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12046-3, $44.06Scientific Collaboration on the InternetGary M. Olson, Ann Zimmerman, Nathan Bos, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 432 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-15120-7, $45Statistical Methods for Environmental Epidemiology with R: A Case Study in Air Pollution and HealthRoger D. Peng, Francesca DominiciNew York:Springer, 2008. 144 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-78166-2, $49.95Strategic Bargaining and Cooperation in Greenhouse Gas Mitigations: An Integrated Assessment Modeling ApproachZili YangCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 216 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-24054-3, $40Sustaining Life: How Human Health Depends on BiodiversityEric Chivian, Aaron Bernstein, eds.New York:Oxford University Press, 2008. 542 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-517509-7, $34.95Technology and Society: Building Our Sociotechnical FutureDeborah G. Johnson, Jameson M. Wetmore, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 648 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-60073-6, $42"}
{"text": "Air Quality in Urban EnvironmentsRonald E. Hester, Roy M. Harrison, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 148 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84755-907-4, $119Catastrophe in the Making: The Engineering of Katrina and the Disasters of TomorrowWilliam FreudenbergWashington, DC:Island Press, 2009. 224 pp. ISNB: 978-1-59726-682-6, $26.95Chasing Molecules: Poisonous Products, Human Health, and the Promise of Green ChemistryElizabeth GrossmanWashington, DC:Island Press, 2009. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-370-2, $26.95Climate Change in Eurasian Arctic Shelf Seas: Centennial Ice Cover ObservationsI.E. Frolov,, Z.M. Gudkovich, V.P. Karklin, E.G. Kovalev, V.M. SmolyanitskyNew York:Springer, 2009. 166 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-85874-4, $129Corporate Power in Global Agrifood GovernanceJennifer Clapp, Doris Fuchs, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 312 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01275-1, $48Ensuring the Integrity, Accessibility, and Stewardship of Research Data in the Digital AgeCommittee on Ensuring the Utility and Integrity of Research Data in a Digital Age, National Academy of SciencesWashington, DC: National Academies Press, 2009. 152 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-13680-8, $36.95Ethics Education and Scientific and Engineering Research: What\u2019s Been Learned? What Should Be Done?Rachelle Hollander, Carol R. Arenberg, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 58 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14001-0, $21Extinction in Our Times: Global Amphibian DeclineJames P. Collins, Martha L. CrumpNew York:Oxford University Press, 2009. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-531694-0, $29.95Hormones and Pharmaceuticals Generated by Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations: Transport in Water and SoilLaurence S. Shore, Amy Pruden, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 138 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-92833-3, $129Impacts of Point Polluters on Terrestrial BiotaMikhail Kozlov, Elena Zvereva, Vitali ZverevNew York:Springer, 2009. 466 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-2466-4, $169Learning Science in Informal Environments: People, Places, and PursuitsPhilip Bell, Bruce Lewenstein, Andrew W. Shouse, Michael A. Feder, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11955-9, $49.95Nanotechnology: Consequences for Human Health and the EnvironmentRonald E. Hester, Roy M. Harrison, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 134 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84755-956-2, $79.95Outbreak Investigations Around the World: Case Studies in Infectious Disease Field EpidemiologyMark DworkinBoston:Jones & Bartlett, 2010. 456 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7637-5143-2, $64.95Radioactive Particles in the EnvironmentDeborah H. Oughton, Valery KashparovNew York:Springer, 2009. 279 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-2947-8, $189Studies on Science and the Innovation ProcessNathan Rosenberg, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 428 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4273-58-9, $65Sustainability 2009: The Next HorizonImre Hronzsky, Gordon L. Nelson, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 245 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7354-0694-0, $139Sustaining the World\u2019s Wetlands: Setting Policy and Resolving ConflictsRichard SmardonNew York:Springer, 2009. 325 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-49428-9, $74.95The Comet Assay in ToxicologyAlok Dhawan, Diana Anderson, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 461 pp. ISBN: 978-0-85404-199-2, $249The Disposal of Activated Carbon from Chemical Agent Disposal FacilitiesCommittee to Examine the Disposal of Activated Carbon from the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Systems at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 86 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-13818-5, $21The Nile: Origin, Environments, Limnology and Human UseHenri J. Dumont, ed.New York:Springer, 2009. 818 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9725-6, $209The Paradox of Scientific Authority: The Role of Scientific Advice in DemocraciesWiebe E. Bijker, Roland Bal, Ruud HendriksCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-02658-1, $32The Rising SeaOrrin Pilkey, Rob YoungWashington, DC:Island Press, 2009. 224 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-191-3, $25.95The Yellow River: Water and LifeTetsuya Kusuda, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4280-95-2, $82Toward Sustainable Communities, 2nd ed.: Transition and Transformations in Environmental PolicyDaniel A. Mazmanian, Michael E. Kraft, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51229-9, $25Understanding Environmental Health: How We Live in the WorldNancy Irwin MaxwellBoston:Jones & Bartlett, 2009. 378 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7637-3318-6, $72.95Urban Health: Readings in the Social, Built, and Physical Environments of U.S. CitiesH. Patricia Hynes, Russell LopezBoston:Jones & Bartlett, 2009. 302 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7637-5245-3, $61.95WHO Handbook on Indoor Radon: A Public Health PerspectiveWHO International Radon ProjectAnnapolis Junction, MD:WHO Press, 2009. 108 pp. ISBN: 978-92-4154-767-3, $30Women\u2019s Global Health and Human RightsPadmini Murthy, Clyde Landord SmithBoston:Jones & Bartlett, 2010. 385 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7637-5631-4, $72.95"}
{"text": "Bottled and Sold: The Story Behind Our Obsession with Bottled WaterPeter H. GleickWashington, DC:Island Press, 2010. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-528-7, $26.95Climate and Society: Climate as Resource, Climate as RiskNico Stehr, Hans von StorchHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 152 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4280-53-2, $60Crucial Issues in Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol: Asia and the WorldKheng-Lian Koh, Lin Heng Lye, Jolene Lin, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 596 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4277-52-5, $98Energy, The Environment and Climate ChangePeter E. HodgsonHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-415-4, $78Environmental Social Science: Human\u2013Environment Interactions and SustainabilityEmilio MoranHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-0573-6, $89.95Expanding Biofuel Production: Sustainability and the Transition to Advanced BiofuelsPatricia Koshel, Kathleen McAllisterWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 194 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14714-9, $43.50Hidden Costs of Energy: Unpriced Consequences of Energy Production and UseCommittee on Health, Environmental, and Other External Costs and Benefits of Energy Production and Consumption; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 350 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14636-4, $54Historical Energy Statistics: Global, Regional and National Trends Since IndustrializationT.S. Gopi Rethinaraj, Clifford E. SingerHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-981-270-739-0, $118Internationalization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Goals, Strategies, and ChallengesU.S. Committee on the Internationalization of the Civilian Nuclear Fuel Cycle; Committee on International Security and Arms Control; National Academy of Sciences and National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 160 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12660-1, $45.75Linkages of SustainabilityThomas E. Graedel, Ester van der Voet, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 430 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01358-1, $40Progress in Bioethics: Science, Policy, and PoliticsJonathan D. Moreno, Sam Berger, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 308 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-13488-0, $29Statistical Bioinformatics: For Biomedical and Life Science ResearchersJae K. LeeHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-0-471-69272-0, $99.95The Implications of China\u2019s Rising Energy UsePeter SheehanHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-981-279-406-2, $69The World According to Monsanto: Pollution, Corruption, and the Control of Our Food SupplyMarie-Monique RobinNew York:New Press, 2009. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59558-426-7, $26.95Water SecurityWorld Economic Forum Water InitiativeWashington, DC:Island Press, 2010. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-735-9, $60"}
{"text": "A Question of Balance: Weighing the Options on Global Warming PoliciesWilliam D. NordhausNew Haven, CT:Yale University Press, 2008. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-0-300-13748-4, $28Arsenic Pollution: A Global SynthesisPeter Ravenscroft, Hugh Brammer, Keith RichardsHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 640 pp. ISBN: 978-1-405-18601-8, $49.95Changes in the Human-Monsoon System of East Asia in the Context of Global ChangeCongbin Fu, J.R. Freney, J.W.B. Stewart, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2008. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-241-2, $88Climate Solutions: A Citizen\u2019s GuidePeter BarnesWhite River Junction, VT:Chelsea Green Publishing, 2008. 120 pp. ISBN: 978-1-6035-8005-2, $9.95Dire Predictions: Understanding Global WarmingMichael E. Mann, Lee R. KumpNew York:DK Publishing, 2008. 208 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7566-3995-2, $25Emissions Trading: Institutional Design, Decision Making and Corporate StrategiesRalf Antes, Bernd Hansj\u00fcrgens, Peter Letmathe, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 274 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-73652-5, $119Energy and Climate Change: Creating a Sustainable FutureDavid ColeyHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 672 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-85313-9, $50Environmental Law, Policy, and Economics: Reclaiming the Environmental AgendaNicholas A. Ashford, Charles C. CaldartCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 1,088 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01238-6, $90Global Warming, Natural Hazards, and Emergency ManagementGeorge Haddow, Jane A. Bullock, Kim HaddowBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2008. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-1-420-08182-4, $59.95International Documents on Environmental LiabilityHannes Descamps, Robin Slabbinck, Hubert BockenNew York:Springer, 2008. 372 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8366-2, $189Malformed Frogs: The Collapse of Aquatic EcosystemsMichael LannooBerkeley:University of California Press, 2008. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-0-520-25588-3, $65Natural Climate Variability and Global WarmingRick Battarbee, Heather Binney, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-5905-0, $95Not One Drop: Betrayal and Courage in the Wake of the Exxon Valdez Oil SpillRiki OttWhite River Junction, VT:Chelsea Green Publishing, 2008. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933-39258-5, $21.95Potential Impacts of Climate Change on U.S. Transportation: Special Report 290Committee on Climate Change and U.S. Transportation, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 296 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11306-9, $37Protecting Health in Europe from Climate ChangeB. Menne, F. Apfel, S. Kovats, F. RacioppiGeneva:WHO Press, 2008. 51 pp. ISBN: 978-928-907187-1, $15Regulating Water and Sanitation for the Poor: Economic Regulation for Public and Private PartnershipsRichard Franceys, Esther GerlachLondon:Earthscan, 2008. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-1-8440-7617-8, $97.50Retaking Rationality: How Cost Benefit Analysis Can Better Protect the Environment and Our HealthRichard Revesz, Michael LivermoreNew York:Oxford University Press, 2008. 262 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-536857-4, $34.95"}
{"text": "Advances in Bioactivation ResearchAdnan A. Elfarra, ed.New York:Springer, 2009. 504 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-77299-8, $189Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, 2nd ed.Jonathan PevsnerHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. 897 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-08585-1, $225Bringing the Sun Down to Earth: Designing Inexpensive Instruments for Monitoring the AtmosphereDavid R. BrooksNew York:Springer, 2008. 150 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8693-9, $79.95Changes in the Human-Monsoon System of East Asia in the Context of Global ChangeCongbin Fu, J.R. Freney, J.W.B. Stewart, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2008. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-241-2, $88Climate Change and Technological OptionsKonrad Soyez, Hartmut Gra\u00dflNew York:Springer, 2008. 219 pp. ISBN: 978-3-211-78202-6, $139Climatic Changes and Water Resources in the Middle East and North AfricaF. Zereini, H. H\u00f6tzl, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 552 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-85046-5, $229Ecological Impacts of Climate ChangeCommitee on Ecological Impacts of Climate Change, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 70 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12710-3, $18.90Emerging Environmental TechnologiesVishal Shah, ed.New York:Springer, 2008. 174 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8785-1, $109Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics, and InformaticsGeorge P. R\u00e9deiNew York:Springer, 2008. 2,202 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6753-2, $999Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Understanding the Contributions to Infectious Disease Emergence: Workshop SummaryDavid A. Relman, Margaret A. Hamburg, Eileen R. Choffnes, Alison MackWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12402-7, $62.25Hijacking SustainabilityAdrian ParrCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 224 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01306-2, $24.95Information Resources in Toxicology, 4th ed.Philip Wexler, P.J. Hakkinen, Asish Mohapatra, Steven G. GilbertSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 1,296 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-373593-5, $199.95Pharmaceuticals in the EnvironmentKlaus K\u00fcmmerer, ed.New York:Springer, 2008. 522 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-74663-8, $189Physics of the EnvironmentA.W. BrinkmanHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2008. 228 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-179-5, $75Principles and Practice of Skin ToxicologyRobert Chilcott, Shirley Price, eds.Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 392 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-51172-5, $140Safe Use of Chemicals: A Practical GuideT.S.S. DikshithBoca Raton, FL:Taylor and Francis Group, 2008. 312 pp. ISBN: 978-1-420-08051-3, $82.93Science and the MediaPeter Snyder, Linda Mayes, Dennis SpencerSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-373679-6, $49.95The Yearbook of Nanotechnology in Society. Vol. 1: Presenting FuturesErik Fisher, Cynthia Selin, Jameson M. Wetmore, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 310 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8415-7, $149"}
{"text": "Biodiesel: Growing a New Energy Economy, 2nd ed.Greg PahlWhite River Junction, VT:Chelsea Green Publishing, 2008. 296 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933-39296-7, $19.95Biofuels, Solar and Wind as Renewable Energy Systems: Benefits and RisksDavid Pimentel, ed.New York:Springer, 2008. 506 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8653-3, $89.95Carbon and Nitrogen in the Terrestrial EnvironmentR., Nieder, D.K. BenbiNew York:Springer, 2008. 432 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8432-4, $159Carbon Nanotubes: Angels or Demons?Silvana FioritoHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2008. 164 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4241-01-4, $109Global Warming: A Very Short Introduction, 2nd ed.Mark MaslinNew York:Oxford University Press, 2008. 176 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-954824-8, $11.95Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare AgentsRamesh Gupta, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 1,300 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-374484-5, $225Health Environment: Managing the Linkages for Sustainable DevelopmentWorld Health Organization/United Nations Environment ProgrammeGeneva:WHO Press, 2008. 86 pp. ISBN: 978-924-156372-7, $20Impacts on U.S. Energy Expenditures and Greenhouse-Gas Emissions of Increasing Renewable-Energy UseMichael Toman, James Griffin, Robert J. LempertSanta Monica, CA:Rand Corporation, 2008. 118 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8330-4497-6, $34.50Lake Effect: Two Sisters and a Town\u2019s Toxic LegacyNancy NicholsWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 192 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-084-8, $24.95Large-Scale Ecosystem Restoration: Five Case Studies from the United StatesMary Doyle, Cynthia DrewWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 344 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-026-8, $35Natural Disaster Analysis After Hurricane Katrina: Risk Assessment, Economic Impacts and Social ImplicationsHarry W. Richardson, Peter Gordon, James E. Moore II, eds.Northampton, MA:Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc., 2008. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84720-357-1, $160Poisoned for Pennies: The Economics of Toxics and PrecautionFrank AckermanWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-401-3, $25Practising Science Communication in the Information AgeRichard Holliman, Jeff Thomas, Sam Smidt, Eileen Scanlon, Elizabeth Whitelegg, eds.New York:Oxford University Press, 2008. 264 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-955267-2, $40Progress on Drinking-water and SanitationWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2008. 54 pp. ISBN: 978-924-156367-3, $15Protocells: Bridging Nonliving and Living MatterS. Rasmussen, M. Bedau, L. Chen, D. Deamer, D. Krakauer, N. Packard, P. Stadler, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 776 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-18268-3, $75Science Magazine\u2019s State of the Planet 2008\u20132009Editors of Science, Donald KennedyWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 216 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-405-1, $40Surviving 1,000 Centuries: Can We Do It?Roger-Maurice Bonnet, Lodewyk WoltjerNew York:Springer, 2008. 442 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-74633-3, $39.95Sustainability by Design: A Subversive Strategy for Transforming Our Consumer CultureJohn R. EhrenfeldNew Haven, CT:Yale University Press, 2008. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-0-300-13749-1, $28Tactical Biopolitics: Art, Activism, and TechnoscienceBeatriz da Costa, Kavita Philip, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 504 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-04249-9, $40The Bridge at the Edge of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to SustainabilityJames Gustave SpethNew Haven, CT:Yale University Press, 2008. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-300-13611-1, $28The Design of Climate PolicyRoger Guesnerie, Henry Tulkens, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 408 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-07302-8, $38"}
{"text": "Air Quality and Ecological Impacts: Relating Sources to EffectsAllan Legge, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 322 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-095201-7, $186Beyond \u201cFortress America\u201d: National Security Controls on Science and Technology in a Globalized WorldCommittee on Science, Security, and Prosperity; Committee on Scientific Communication and National Security; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 170 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-13066-0, $41.95Bioinformatics: Applications in Life and Environmental SciencesM.H. Fulekar, ed.New York:Springer, 2009. 246 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8879-7, $159Biological Science for the Biomedical and Healthcare SciencesGillian Pocock, Chris RichardsNew York:Oxford University Press, 2009. 480 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-928907-3, $65Blue Covenant: The Global Water Crisis and the Coming Battle for the Right to WaterMaude BarlowNew York:New Press, 2009. 208 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59558-453-3, $16.95Climate Change: Observed Impacts on Planet EarthTrevor Letcher, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 460 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53301-2, $90Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making: Risk Management, Evidence, and EthicsYank Coble, Christine Coussens, Kathleen Quinn, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 92 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12454-6, $21EpigenomicsAnne C. Ferguson-Smith, John M. Greally, Rob A.Martienssen, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 442 pp., ISBN: 978-1-4020-9186-5, $219Genomics and Environmental RegulationRicard R. Sharp, Gary E. Marchant, Jamie A. Grodsky, eds.Baltimore, MD:Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008. 353 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8018-9022-2, $50Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare AgentsRamesh Gupta, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 1,200 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-374484-5, $225Introduction to Food Toxicology, 2nd ed.Takayuki Shibamoto, Leonard BjeldanesSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 368 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-374286-5, $79.95Pharma-EcologyPatrick K. JjembaHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-04630-2, $95Politics of China\u2019s Environmental Protection: Problems and ProgressChen GangHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing, Inc., 2009. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-869-8, $78State of the World\u2019s OceansM. Allsopp, R. Page, P. Johnston, D. SantilloNew York:Springer, 2009. 258 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9115-5, $79.95Statistical Methods for Environmental Epidemiology with R: A Case Study in Air Pollution and HealthRoger D. Peng, Francesca DominiciNew York:Springer, 2008. 144 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-78166-2, $49.95Sustaining Life: How Human Life Depends on BiodiversityEric Chivian, Aaron BernsteinNew York:Oxford University Press, 2008. 576 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-517509-7, $34.95The Great Barrier Reef: Biology, Environment and ManagementPat Hutchings, Mike Kingsford, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 392 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8949-7, $119Water, Place, & EquityJohn M. Whiteley, Helen Ingram, Richard Warren Perry, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 312 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-73191-1, $25"}
{"text": "Biodata Mining and Visualiation: Novel ApproachesIlkka HavukkalaHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 324 pp. ISBN: 978-981-279-036-1, $88Certifiably Sustainable? The Role of Third-Party Certification SystemsCommittee on Certification of Sustainable Products and Services; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 144 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14711-8, $35Climate Stabilization Targets: Emissions, Concentrations, and Impacts over Decades to MillenniaCommittee on Stabilization Targets for Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Concentrations; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 190 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15176-4, $45Computational Ecology: Artificial Neural Networks and Their ApplicationsWenJun ZhangHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 312 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4282-62-8, $96Enhancing Food Safety: The Role of the Food and Drug AdministrationRobert B. Wallace, Maria Oria, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 520 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15273-0, $59Handbook of Climate Change and Agroecosystems: Impacts, Adaptation, and MitigationDaniel Hillel, Cynthia Rosenzweig, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 450 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-655-4, $168Health and Environment in EuropeWHO Regional Office for EuropeGeneva:WHO Press, 2010. 156 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2890-4198-0, $40Household Use of Solid Fuels and High Temperature FryingIARCGeneva:WHO Press, 2010. 400 pp. ISBN: 9789283212959, $55Informing an Effective Response to Climate ChangeAmerica\u2019s Climate Choices: Panel on Informing Effective Decisions and Actions Related to Climate ChangeWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14594-7, $67Institutional Dynamics: Emergent Patterns in International Environmental GovernanceOran R. YoungCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01438-0, $48Machine Learning Approaches to BioinformaticsZheng Rong YangHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4287-30-2, $107.00Principles of Environmental SciencesJan J. Boersema, Lucas Reijnders, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 542 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-9193-2, $79.85Sustainability Matters: Environmental Management in AsiaLin-Heng Lye, George Ofori, Lai Choo Malone-Lee, Victor R Savage, Yen-Peng Ting, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 652 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4322-90-4, $138The Environmental Politics of SacrificeMichael F. Maniates, John M. MeyerCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 344 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01436-6, $50from SeptemberTowards a Liveable and Sustainable Urban Environment: Eco-Cities in East AsiaLiang Fook Lye, Gang Chen, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010, 232 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4287-76-0, $65Toxicity Pathway-Based Risk Assessment: Preparing for Paradigm ChangeEllen Mantus, Rapporteur; Standing Committee on Risk Analysis Issues and Reviews; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 134 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15422-2, $33.50Verifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Methods to Support International Climate AgreementsCommittee on Methods for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 124 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15211-2, $30WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification 2009World Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2010. 78 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2415-4796-3, $30World Health Statistics 2010World Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2010. 177 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2415-6398-7, $40Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water: 2010 UpdateWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2010. 54 pp. ISBN: 9789241563956, $20Scientific Basis of Tobacco Product RegulationThird Report of a WHO Study GroupGeneva:WHO Press, 2010. 50 pp. ISBN: 9789241209557, $15from JulyScience: A Many-Splendored ThingIgor NovakHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4304-74-0, $29Soviet Union in the Context of the Nobel PrizeAbram M BlokhHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 900 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4277-97-6, $98.00The Nature of Change or the Law of Unintended ConsequencesJohn MansfieldHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 212 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-540-3, $45.0Nobel Prizes and Life SciencesErling NorrbyHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4299-36-7, $68from MayAdvances in Molecular Toxicology, 4James C. FishbeinSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 248 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53584-9, $244Understanding Climate\u2019s Influence on Human EvolutionCommittee on the Earth system Context for Hominin Evolution; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 128 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14838-2, $29.25Review of the Environmental Protection Agency\u2019s Draft IRIS Assessment of TetrachloroethyleneCommittee to Review EPA\u2019s Toxicological Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 186 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15094-1, $42.25Comprehensive Toxicology, 2nd ed.Charlene A. McQueenSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2010. 11,200 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-046868-6, $5,195Verifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Methods to Support International Climate AgreementsCommittee on Methods for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 144 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15211-2, $31.50Water Scarcity in the Mediterranean: Perspectives Under Global ChangeSergi Sabater, Dami\u00e0 Barcel\u00f3, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-03970-6, $259from MarchChoosing the Nation\u2019s Fiscal FutureCommittee on the Fiscal Future of the United States; National Research Council and National Academy of Public AdministrationWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 268 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14723-1, $53.95Evolution: The Modern Synthesis, The Definitive EditionJulian S. HuxleyCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 784 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51366-1, $35Mismeasuring Our LivesJoseph E. Stiglitz, Amartya Sen, Jean-Paul FitoussiNew York:New Press, 2010. 160 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59558-519-6, $15.95from January/FebruaryGood Laboratory Practice Training Manual for the Trainee, 2nd ed.World Health OrganizationGeneva, CH: WHO Press, 2009, 141 pp. ISBN: 9789241547574, $10.00Good Laboratory Practice Training Manual for the Trainer, 2nd ed.World Health OrganizationGeneva, CH: WHO Press, 2009, 302 pp. ISBN: 9789241547567, $40.002009Science Research Writing for Non-Native Speakers of EnglishHilary Glasman-DealHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84816-309-6, $58The Year in Review 2008, Environment, Energy, and Resources LawSection of Environment, Energy, and ResourcesChicago:ABA Publishing, 2009. 379 pp. ISBN: 1946-9640, $75WHO Handbook on Indoor RadonWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2009. 108 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2415-4767-3, $30Fundamentals of Patenting and Licensing for Scientists and EngineersMatthew Y MaHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 292 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-420-1, $68Balancing Your Life: Executive Lessons for Work, Family and SelfJames G S ClawsonHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 368 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-906-0, $35Communication Skills for the BiosciencesAysha DivanNew York:Oxford University Press, 2009. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-922635-1, $49.95Science: A Four Thousand Year HistoryPatricia FaraNew York:Oxford University Press, 2009. 424 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-922689-4, $34.95Solving Everyday Problems with the Scientific Method: Thinking Like a ScientistDon K. Mak, Angela T. Mak, Anthony B. MakHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2009. 236 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-509-3, $38Study & Communication Skills for the BiosciencesStuart Johnson, Jon ScottNew York:Oxford University Press, 2009. 248 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-921983-4, $45The Manual of Scientific Style: A Guide for Authors, Editors, and ResearchersHarold Rabinowitz, Suzanne VogelSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 984 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-373980-3, $54.95When the Scientist Presents: An Audio and Video Guide to Science TalksJean-Luc LebrunHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 264 pp. ISBN: 978-981-283-919-0, $55Writing Scientific Research Articles: Strategy and StepsMargaret Cargill, Patrick O\u2019ConnorHoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009, 184 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-8619-3, $29.95"}
{"text": "A Computer Scientist\u2019s Guide to Cell BiologyWilliam W. CohenNew York:Springer, 2007. 100 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-48275-0, $29.95Accounting for Climate Change: Uncertainty in Greenhouse Gas Inventories\u2014Verification, Compliance, and TradingD. Lieberman, M. Jonas, Z. Nahorski, S. Nilsson, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 162 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5929-2, $139.00Algorithmic Aspects of BioinformaticsHans-Joachim B\u00f6ckenhauer, Dirk BongartzNew York:Springer, 2007. 396 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-71912-0, $89.95Bioinformatics and the Cell: Modern Computational Approaches in Genomics, Proteomics and TranscriptomicsXuhua XiaNew York:Springer, 2007. 349 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-71336-6, $129.00Expert Witnessing and Scientific Testimony: Surviving in the CourtroomKenneth S. CohenBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2007. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-1-420-05503-0, $99.95Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment SystemsDiana S. AgaBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2007. 400 pp. ISBN: 1-420-05232-2, $139.95Fundamentals of Data Mining in Genomics and ProteomicsWerner Dubitzky, Martin Granzow, Daniel P. Berrar, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 281 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-47508-0, $79.95Handbook for the Chemical Analysis of Plastic and Polymer AdditivesMichael Bolgar, Jack Hubball, Joe Groeger, Susan MeronekBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2007. 504 pp. ISBN: 1-420-04487-7, $249.95International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies: 36th SessionR. Ragaini, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2007. 440 pp. ISBN: 981-270-922-3, $119.00Introduction to Computational Biology: An Evolutionary ApproachBernhard Haubold, Thomas WieheNew York:Springer, 2007. 328 pp. ISBN: 978-3-7643-6700-8, $49.95Java for Bioinformatics and Biomedical ApplicationsHarshawardhan Bal, Johnny HujolNew York:Springer, 2007. 342 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-37235-8, $89.95Living with the Earth: Concepts in Environmental Health Science, 3rd ed.Gary S. MooreBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2007. 559 pp. ISBN: 0-8493-7998-9, $64.95Models in Environmental Regulatory Decision MakingCommittee on Models in the Regulatory Decision Process, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 286 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11000-6, $56.25Networks: From Biology to TheoryJianfeng Feng, J\u00fcrgen Jost, Minping Qian, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 313 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84628-485-4, $99.00Nuclear Nebraska: The Remarkable Story of the Little County That Couldn\u2019t Be BoughtSusan CraginNew York:Amacon Books, 2007. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-8144-7430-3, $24.95Public Health Advocacy and Tobacco ControlSimon ChapmanOxford, UK:Blackwell, 2007. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-1-405-16163-3, $59.95Renewable Energy Cannot Sustain a Consumer SocietyTed TrainerNew York:Springer, 2007. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5548-5, $59.95Risk Assessment of Chemicals: An IntroductionC.J. van Leeuwen, T.G. Vermeire, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 688 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6101-1, $199.00Saudia Arabia: An Environmental OverviewPeter VincentBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2007. 350 pp. ISBN: 978-0-415-41387-9, $179.95Scientific Basis of Tobacco Product RegulationReport of a WHO Study GroupAlbany, NY:WHO Press, 2007. 120 pp. ISBN: 978-924-120945-3, $27.00The Political Economy of World EnergyFerdinand E. BanksHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., 2007. 464 pp. ISBN: 981-270-036-6, $98.00The Statistics of Gene MappingDavid Siegmund, Benjamin YakirNew York: Springer, 2007. 331 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-49684-9, $79.95Veterans and Agent Orange: Update 2006Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to HerbicidesWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 900 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-10708-2, $129"}
{"text": "Crop Biosecurity: Assuring our Global Food SupplyM.L. Gullino, J. Fletcher, A. Gamliel, J.P. Stack, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 148 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8477-5, $74.95Economics and Management of Climate Change: Risks, Mitigation and AdaptationBernd Hansj\u00fcrgens, Ralf Antes, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 310 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-77352-0, $119Encyclopedia of Ecology. 5 vols.S.E. Jorgensen, Brian Faith, eds.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 3,120 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-52033-3, $1,995Environmental Change and Human Security: Recognizing and Acting on Hazard ImpactsP.H. Liotta, David A. Mouat, William G. Kepner, Judith M. Lancaster, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 480 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8550-5, $99.95Environmental Futures: The Practice of Environmental Scenario AnalysisJ. Alcamo, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 212 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53293-0, $170Epidemiologic Studies of Veterans Exposed to Depleted Uranium: Feasbility and Design IssuesCommittee on Gulf War and Health: Updated Literature Review of Depleted Uranium, Institute of MedicineWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 60 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-1206-7, $21Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air PollutionCommittee on Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction Benefits from Decreasing Tropospheric Ozone Exposure, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 229 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11994-8, $49Falling for Science: Objects in MindSherry Turkle, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 232 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-20172-8, $24.95Francis Crick: A BiographyRobert OlbyWoodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2009. 450 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8796-9798-3, $39Inequalities in Young People\u2019s Health: Health Behaviour in School-Aged ChildrenCurrie, C., Gabhainn, S.N., Godeau, E., Roberts, C., Smith, R., et al.Geneva:WHO Press, 2008. 220 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2890-7195-6, $40Insatiable Curiosity: Innovation in a Fragile FutureHelga NowotnyCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 216 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-14103-1, $30Land Change Science in the Tropics: Changing Agricultural LandscapesAndrew Millington, Wendy Jepson, eds..New York:Springer, 2008. 274 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-78863-0, $109Neither Gods Nor Beasts: How Science Is Changing Who We Think We AreElof A. CarlsonWoodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2008. 180 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8796-9786-0, $29.00Public Participation in Environmental Assessment and Decision MakingThomas Dietz, Paul C. Stern, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 360 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-12543-7, $43Statistics for Terrified BiologistsHelmut van EmdenHoboken, NJ:John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2008. 360 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-4956-3, $39.95Theory and Mathematical Methods in BioinformaticsShiyi Shen, Jack A. TuszynskiNew York:Springer, 2008. 445 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-74890-8, $179.95The Energy Trail\u2014Where It Is LeadingGeorge H. CroyHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., 2008. 150 pp. ISBN: 978-981-281-857-7, $24The Entropy CrisisGuy DeutscherHackensack, NJ:World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., 2008. 130 pp. ISBN: 978-981-277-968-7, $48The New Public Health, 2nd ed.Theodore H. Tulchinsky, Elena A. VaravikovaSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 696 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-370890-8, $79.95The Socio-Economic Causes and Consequences of Desertification in Central AsiaRoy Behnke, ed.New York:Springer, 2008. 254 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8543-7, $65.49"}
{"text": "Air Pollution XVIC.A. Brebbia, J.W.S. LonghurstBillerica, MA:WIT Press, 2008. 600 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84564-127-6, $396Biological Monitoring: Theory and ApplicationsM.E. Conti, ed.Billerica, MA:WIT Press, 2008. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84564-002-6, $168Chemical Leasing Goes Global: Selling Services Instead of Barrels: A Win\u2013Win Business Model for Environment and IndustryThomas Jakl, Petra Schwager, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 245 pp. ISBN: 978-3-211-73751-4, $79.95Climate Solutions: A Citizen\u2019s GuidePeter BarnesWhite River Junction, VT:Chelsea Green Publishing, 2008. 120 pp. ISBN: 978-1-6035-8005-2, $9.95Climate Variability and Extremes during the Past 100 YearsS. Br\u00f6nnimann, J. Luterbacher, T. Ewen, H.F. Diaz, R.S. Stolarski, U. Neu, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 364 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6765-5, $199Coast-Valley Air PollutionG. LatiniBillerica, MA:WIT Press, 2008. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-184564-098-9, $153Diagnosis: Mercury: Money, Politics, and PoisonJane M. HightowerWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 288 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-395-8, $24.95Environment and Health: Protecting our Common FutureK. DuncanBillerica, MA:WIT Press, 2008. 192 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84564-130-6, $126Environmental Toxicology IIA Kungolos, C.A. Brebbia, M. ZamoranoBillerica, MA:WIT Press, 2008. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84564-114-6, $190EpigeneticsJ\u00f6rg Tost, ed.Norwich, UK:Caister Academic Press, 2008. 404 pp. ISBN: 978-1-904455-23-3, $300Extremely Low Frequency FieldsWorld Health Organization, Environmental Health Criteria Series, No. 238Geneva:WHO Press, 2007. 543 pp. ISBN: 978-924-157238-5, $50Increasing Capacity for Stewardship of Oceans and Coasts: A Priority for the 21st CenturyCommittee on International Capacity-Building for the Protection and Sustainable Use of Oceans and Coasts, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 156 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11376-2, $39Molecular Biology of the Gene, 6th ed.James D. Watson, Tania A. Baker, Stephen P. Bell, Alexander Gann, Michael Levine, Richard LosickWoodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2008. 841 pp. ISBN: 978-080539592-1, $155.60Neither Gods Nor Beasts: How Science Is Changing Who We Think We AreElof A. CarlsonWoodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2008 200 pp. ISBN: 978-087969786-0, $29Reaching the Poor: Challenges for Child Health in the Western Pacific RegionWPRO Nonserial PublicationGeneva:WHO Press, 2007. 72 pp. ISBN: 978-929-061246-9, $10Smokeless Tobacco and Some Tobacco-specificN-Nitrosamines IARC Monographs, Vol. 89IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to HumanGeneva:WHO Press, 2007. 635 pp. ISBN: 978-928-321289-8, $55The Hot Topic: What We Can Do About Global WarmingGabrielle Walker, David KingLondon, UK:Bloomsbury, 2008. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-0-15603-318-3, $14The Upside of DownThomas Homer-DixonWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 448 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-065-7, $18.95The Law in the Laboratory: A View from Two BenchesRobert CharrowWoodbury, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2008. 160 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8796-9778-5, $39Where We Stand: A Surprising Look at the Real State of Our PlanetSeymour GarteNew York:Amacom, 2007. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8144-0910-7, $24.95"}
{"text": "American Hegemony and the Postwar Reconstruction of Science in EuropeJohn KrigeCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 392 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-61225-8, $23Blue CovenantMaude BarlowNew York:New Press, 2007. 208 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59558-186-0, $24.95CO2Rising: The World\u2019s Greatest Environmental ChallengeTyler VolkCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 264 pp. ISBN: 78-0-262-22083-5, $22.95Energy for Sustainability: Technology, Planning, PolicyJohn Randolph, Gilbert MastersWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 816 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-103-3, $85Energy in Nature and Society: General Energetics of Complex SystemsVaclav SmilCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 512 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-69356-1, $32Environmental Policy Analysis and PracticeMichael R. GreenbergPiscataway, NJ:Rutgers University Press, 2008. 304 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8135-4276-8, $32.95Essential Concepts in ToxicogenomicsDonna L. Mendrick, William B. Mattes, eds.Totowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2008. 325 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-638-2, $99.50FuelJohn Knechtel, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-11325-0, $15.95Genomics Protocols, 2nd ed.Mike Starkey, Ramnath Elaswarapu, eds.Totowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2008. 532 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-871-3, $99.50Global Catastrophes and Trends: The Next Fifty YearsVaclav SmilCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-19586-7, $29.95Lake Effect: Two Sisters and a Town\u2019s Toxic LegacyNancy A. NicholsWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008.144 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-084-3, $25Nuclear Power Is Not the AnswerHelen CaldicottNew York:New Press, 2007. 240 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59558-213-3, $15.95Perspectives on Sustainable Resources in AmericaRoger A. Sedjo, ed.Washington, DC:RFF Press, 2008. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933115-63-4, $80Poisoned for Pennies: The Economics of Toxics and PrecautionFrank AckermanWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 328 pp. ISBN: 1-59726-400-8, $50Scientific Collaboration on the InternetGary M. Olson, Ann Zimmerman, Nathan Bos, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 432 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-15120-7, $45Scientists Debate Gaia: The Next CenturyStephen H. Schneider, James R. Miller, Eleen Crist, Penelope J. Boston, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-69369-1, $30Taming the Anarchy: Groundwater Governance in South AsiaTushaar ShahWashington, DC:RFF Press, 2008. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933115-60-3, $49.95The Shadows of Consumption: Consequences for the Global EnvironmentPeter DauvergneCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 328 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-04246-8, $24.95Water, Place, and EquityJohn M. Whiteley, Helen Ingram, Richard Warren Perry, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 312 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-23271-5, $63"}
{"text": "Assessing the Effects of the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill on Human HealthMargaret A. McCoy, Judith A. Salerno, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2010. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-15781-0, $33Bioethics in Singapore: The Ethical MicrocosmJohn M. Elliott, W. Calvin Ho, Sylvia S.N. Lim, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2010. 344 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4327-10-7, $78Blowout in the Gulf: The BP Oil Spill Disaster and the Future of Energy in AmericaWilliam Freudenburg, Robert GramlingCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 240 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01583-7, $18.95Changing Climates, Earth Systems and SocietyJohn Dodson, ed.New York:Springer, 2010. 360 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-8715-7, $129Developing Adaptation Policy and Practice in Europe: Multi-level Governance of Climate ChangeE. Carina H. Keskitalo, ed.New York:Springer, 2010. 376 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-9324-0, $179Energy, Environment and Sustainable DevelopmentMohammed Aslam Uqaili, Harijan KhanjiNew York:Springer, 2010. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-3-7091-0108-7, $129Environmental Modeling and Health Risk Analysis (Acts/Risk)Mustafa M. AralNew York:Springer, 2010. 462 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-8607-5, $89.95Global Commons, Domestic Decisions: The Comparative Politics of Climate ChangeKathryn Harrison, Lisa McIntosh Sundstrom, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51431-6, $25Global Governance of Hazardous Chemicals: Challenges of Multilevel ManagementHenrik SelinCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 240 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51390-6, $22Global Perspectives on Childhood Obesity: Current Status, Consequences and PreventionDebasis Bagchi, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2011. 536 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-374995-6, $149.95Impact of Climate Change on Natural Resource ManagementBipal K. Jana, Mrinmoy Majumder, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 415 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-3580-6, $169Increasing Access to Health Workers in Remote and Rural Areas through Improved RetentionWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2010. 76 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2415-6401-4, $25Knowledge and Environmental Policy: Re-Imagining the Boundaries of Science and PoliticsWilliam Ascher, Toddi Steelman, Robert HealyCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 280 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51437-8, $23Regulating Chemical Risks: European and Global ChallengesJohan Eriksson, Michael Gilek, Christina Rud\u00e9n, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 350 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-9427-8, $189Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol 209David M. Whitacre, ed.New York:Springer, 2010. 110 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4419-6882-1, $129Sacrifice Zones: The Front Lines of Toxic Chemical Exposure in the United StatesSteve LernerCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 368 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01440-3, $29.95"}
{"text": "Adsorption of Metals by Geomedia II, 7Mark Barnett, Douglas Kent, eds.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2007. 430 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53212-1, $140Advances in Molecular Toxicology, Vol 2James C. FishbeinSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 275 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53098-1, $220Arctic\u2013Subarctic Ocean Fluxes: Defining the Role of the Northern Seas in ClimateRobert R. Dickson, Jens Meincke, Peter Rhines, eds.New York:Springer, 2008, 738 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6773, $219Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Containing and Preventing Biological ThreatsJeffrey Ryan, Jan GlarumSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7506-8489-7, $69.95Cleanup of Chemical and Explosive MunitionsRichard AlbrightSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 330 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8155-1540-1, $125.00Comparative Toxicogenomics, 2Christer Hogstrand, Pete KilleSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53274-9, $110.00Economics of the Environment: Theory and Policy, 7th ed.Horst SiebertNew York:Springer, 2008. 333 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-73706-3, $109Economics of Poverty, Environment and Natural-Resource UseRob B. Dellink, Arjan Ruijs, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 218 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8302-0, $119Energy\u2026 beyond OilFraser Armstrong, Katherine BlundellNew York: Oxford University Press, 2007. 240 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-920996-5, $49.50Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction and Economic Benefits from Controlling Ozone Air PollutionCommittee on Estimating Mortality Risk Reduction Benefits from Decreasing Tropospheric Ozone Exposure, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2008. 206 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11994-8, $45.75Food Contaminants and Residue Analysis, 51Yolanda Pic\u00f3St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 672 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53019-6, $310Human Toxicology of Chemical MixturesHarold ZeligerSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8155-1589-0, $249Impact of Pollution on Animal ProductsBernard Faye, Yuriy Sinyavski, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 205 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8357-0, $149.95Institutions and Environmental Change: Principal Findings, Applications, and Research FrontiersOran R. Young, Leslie A. King, Heike Schroeder, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 400 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-24057-4, $70Nuclear Risk in Central AsiaBrit Salbu, Lindis Skipperud, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 237 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8315-0, $149.95Persistent Organic Pollutants in Asia, 7An Li, Shinsuke Tanabe, Guibin Jian, John Giesy, Paul Lam, eds.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 842 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-045132-9, $185Sittig\u2019s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, 5th ed.Richard Pohanish, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2008. 3,000 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8155-1553-1, $595State of the Wild 2008\u20132009: A Global Portrait of Wildlife, Wildlands, and OceansWildlife Conservation SocietyWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 312 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-135-7. $29.94Water Policy in Australia: The Impact of Change and UncertaintyLin CraseWashington, DC:RFF Press, 2008. 300 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933115-58-0, $70Water War in the Klamath Basin: Macho Law, Combat Biology, and Dirty PoliticsHolly Doremus, A. Dan TarlockWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 260 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-393-1, $60"}
{"text": "Adaptation to Climate Change: A Spatial ChallengeRob RoggemaNew York:Springer, 2010. 250 pp.ISBN: 978-1-4020-9358-6, $129An Introduction to Mathematical Models in Ecology and Evolution: Time and Space, 2nd ed.Mike GillmanHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 168 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-9489-1, $130Bioinformatics: Tools and ApplicationsDavid Edwards, Jason Stajich, David Hansen, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 451 pp.ISBN: 978-0-387-92737-4, $89.95Climate Change Adaptation in New York City: Building a Risk Management ResponseNew York City Panel on Climate Change, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 328 pp. ISBN: 978-1-57331-800-6, $130Ecological Economics ReviewsKarin E. Limburg, Robert Costanza, Ida Kubiszewski, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-1-57331-766-5, $130Energy Demand and Climate Change: Issues and ResolutionsFranklin Hadley CocksHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 267 pp. ISBN: 978-3-527-32446-0, $37.50Environmental Ethics: The Big QuestionsDavid R. Keller, ed.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 608 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-7639-2, $99.95Evaluation of Certain Food AdditivesWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2009. 219 pp.ISBN: 978-9-2412-0952-6, $40Fundamentals in Air Pollution: From Processes to ModellingBruno SportisseNew York:Springer, 2010. 299 pp.ISBN: 978-90-481-2969-0, $89.95Global Governance of Hazardous Chemicals: Challenges of Multilevel ManagementHenrik SelinCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 240 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01395-6, $44Mining, Society, and a Sustainable WorldJeremy Richards, ed.New York:Springer, 2010. 506 pp.ISBN: 978-3-642-01102-3, $169Pricing Nature: Cost\u2013Benefit Analysis and Environmental PolicyNick Hanley, Edward B. BarbierNorthhampon, MA:Edward Elgar, 2009. 360 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84542-789-4, $144Safety Evaluation of Certain Food AdditivesWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2009. 639 pp.ISBN: 978-9-2416-6060-0, $150Science and Sustainable Food SecurityM.S. SwaminathanHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 436 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4282-10-9, $98The Wetlands HandbookEdward Maltby, Tom Barker, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 800 pp. ISBN: 978-0-632-05255-4, $300Tools, Techniques and Approaches for SustainabilityWilliam R SheateHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 420 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4289-68-9, $82Toxicological Evaluation of Certain Veterinary Drug Residues in FoodWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2009. 240 pp.ISBN: 978-9-2416-6061-7, $70Uncertainty Modeling in Dose Response: Bench Testing Environmental ToxicityRoger M. CookeHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2009. 230 pp. ISBN: 978-0-470-44750-5, $110WaterJohn Knechtel, ed.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01329-1, $15.95"}
{"text": "Acid Rain in the Adirondacks: An Environmental HistoryJerry Jenkins, Karen Roy, Charles Driscoll, Christopher BuerkettIthaca, NY:Cornell University Press, 2007. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8014-4651-1, $65A Dictionary of Biology, 6th ed.Elizabeth Martin, Robert S. Hine, eds.New York:Oxford University Press, 2008. 736 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-920462-5, $17.95America\u2019s Food: What You Don\u2019t Know About What You EatHarvey BlattCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2008. 3874 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-02652-9, $29.95Apoptosis and CancerGil Mor, Ayesha Alvero, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 350 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-457-9, $99.50Biogeochemical Cycles in Globalization and Sustainable DevelopmentVladimir F. Krapivin, Costas VarotsosNew York:Springer, 2008. 562 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-75439-8, $269Choosing Safety: A Guide to Using Probabilistic Risk Assessment and Decision Analysis in Complex, High Consequence SystemsMichael V. FrankWashington, DC:RFF Press, 2008. 230 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933115-53-5, $85Contaminant Geochemistry: Interactions and Transport in the Subsurface EnvironmentBrian Berkowitz, Ishai Dror, Bruno YaronNew York:Springer, 2008, 412 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-74381-1, $189Diagnosis: Mercury: Money, Politics, and PoisonJane M. HightowerWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-395-5, $24.95Environmental History of the Rhine\u2013Meuse DeltaP.H. NienhuisNew York:Springer, 2008. 642 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-8211-5, $239Environmental Policy Convergence in Europe: The Impact of International Institutions and TradeKatharina Holzinger, ed.New York:Cambridge University Press, 2008. 288 pp. ISBN: 978-0-521-88881-3, $90Essential Concepts in ToxicogenomicsDonna L. Mendrick, William B. Mattes, eds.Totowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2008. 324 pp. ISBN: 978-1-5882-9638-2, $99.50Global Catastrophic RisksNick Bostrom, Milan M. Cirkovic, Martin J. Rees, eds.New York:Oxford University Press, 2008. 576 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-857050-9, $50Green Urbanism Down Under: Learning from Sustainable Communities in AustraliaTimothy Beatley with Peter NewmanWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 368 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-411-2, $70Innovations and the EnvironmentYoram KrozerNew York:Springer, 2008. 202 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84800-196-1, $119Investigating Science Communication in the Information Age: Implications for Public Engagement and Popular MediaRichard Holliman, Elizabeth Whitelegg, Eileen Scanlon, Sam Smidt, Jeff Thomas, eds.New York:Oxford University Press, 2008. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-955266-5, $39.95Lake Effect: Two Sisters and a Town\u2019s Toxic LegacyNancy A. NicholsWashington, DC:Island Press, 2008. 208 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-084-8, $24.95Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas: The IMO\u2019s Role in Protecting Vulnerable Marine AreasMarkus J. KacheNew York:Springer, 2008. 376 pp. ISBN: 978-3-5407-8778-5, $159Protection from Exposure to Second-hand Smoke: Policy RecommendationsWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2007. 50 pp. ISNB: 978-924-556341-9, $15Seasonal Forecasts, Climatic Change and Human HealthMadeleine C. Thomson, Ricardo Garcia-Herrera, Martin Beniston, eds.New York: Springer, 2008. 234 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6876-8, $189The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco SmokeAlan Rodgman, Thomas A. PerfettiBoca Raton, FL:CRC Press, 2008. 928 pp. ISBN: 978-1-420-07883-1, $299.95The Continental-Scale Greenhouse Gas Balance of EuropeJohannes Dolman, Riccardo Valentini , Annette Freibauer, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 390 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-76568-6, $129The Design of Climate PolicyRoger Guesnerie, Henry Tulkens, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 408 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-07302-8, $38The Earth\u2019s Atmosphere: Its Physics and DynamicsKshudiram SahaNew York:Springer, 2008. 370 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-78426-5, $219The Music of Life: Biology Beyond GenesDenis NobleNew York:Oxford University Press, 2008. 176 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-922836-2, $15.95"}
{"text": "A Primer of Ecology with RM. Henry H. StevensNew York:Springer, 2009. 388 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-89881-0, $64.95Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Vol. 8Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels; Committee on Toxicology; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 434 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14515-2, $84.50Carbon Sinks And Climate Change Forests in the Fight Against Global WarmingColin A.G. HuntNorthhampon, MA:Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84720-977-1, $110Contemporary Issues In International Environmental LawMalgosia FitzmauriceNorthhampon, MA:Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84542-283-7, $99Ecological Economics, 2nd ed.: Principles and ApplicationsHerman Daly, Joshua FarleyWashington, DC:Island Press, 2009. 488 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-681-9, $75Environmental Law Handbook, 20th ed.Daniel M. Steinway, et al.Cincinnati, OH:ACGIH, 2009. 975 pp. ISBN: 978-1-60590-278-4, $99Global Sources of Local Pollution: An Assessment of Long-Range Transport of Key Air Pollutants to and from the United StatesCommittee on the Significance of International Transport of Air Pollutants; National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-14398-1, $42Governing The Environment: Salient Institutional IssuesAlbert Breton, Giorgio Brosio, Silvana Dalmazzone, Giovanna Garrone, eds.Northhampon, MA:Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009. 978 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84720-397-7, $140Inorganic Chromium (III) CompoundsWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2009. 102 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2415-3076-7, $20International Handbook On The Economics of EnergyJoanne Evans, Lester C. Hunt, eds.Northhampon, MA:Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009. 848 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84720-352, $330Night Noise Guidelines for EuropeWHO Regional Office for EuropeGeneva:WHO Press, 2009. 180 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2890-4173-7, $40Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate CrisisAl GoreLondon:Bloomsbury Publishing, 2009. 416 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7475-9098-9, $20.90Technonatures: Environments, Technologies, Spaces, and Places in the 21st CenturyDamian F. White, Chris Wilbert, eds.Waterloo, ON:Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2009. 282 pp. ISBN: 978-1-55458-150-4, $38.95"}
{"text": "Airborne Radioactive Contamination in Inhabited AreasK.G. AnderssonSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 250 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-044989-0, $155Air PollutionJes Fenger, C. Jens Tjell, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 488 pp. ISBN: 978-1-84755-865-7, $189Air Quality and Ecological Impacts: Relating Sources to EffectsAllan H. LeggeSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 334 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-095201-7, $185ASEAN Environmental Law, Policy and GovernanceKheng-Lian Koh, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 736 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4261-18-0, $120Averting Disaster: Science for Peace in a Perilous AgeWilliam A Barletta, Henning WegeneHackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 212 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4289-40-5, $48Bioinformatics Research and ApplicationsIon Mandoiu, Giri Narasimhan, Yanqing Zhang, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 336 pp. ISBN: 978-3-642-01550-2, $79.95Climate Change: Observed Impacts on Planet EarthTrevor Letcher, ed.St. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 492 pp. ISBN: 978-0-444-53301-2, $90Doing Science: Design, Analysis, and Communication of Scientific ResearchIvan ValletaNew York:Oxford University Press, 2009. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-538573-1, $34.95Environmental Justice and Sustainability in the Former Soviet UnionJulian Agyeman, Yelena Ogneva-Himmelberger, eds.Cambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51233-6, $25Facing Global Environmental ChangeH.G. Brauch, \u00da. Oswald Spring, J. Grin, C. Mesjasz, P. Kameri-Mbote, N.C. Behera, B. Chourou, H. Krummenacher, eds.New York:Springer, 2009. 1,588 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-68487-9, $379Information Resources in ToxicologyPhilip Wexler, P.J. Hakkinen, Asish Mohapatra, Steven G. GilbertSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 1344 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-373593-5, $199.95International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary EmergenciesR. Ragaini, ed.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 800 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4289-12-2, $198Security and Environmental ChangeSimon DalbyHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. 200 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7456-4291-8, $64.95The Rise of China and IndiaLam Peng Er, Lim Tai Wei, eds.Hackensack, NJ:World Scientific, 2009. 176 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4280-33-4, $80Transportation in a Climate-Constrained WorldAndreas Sch\u00e4fer, John B. Heywood, Henry D. Jacoby, Ian A. WaitzCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2009. 384 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51234-3, $27"}
{"text": "Cytochrome P450-dependent oxidation is a pathway for all-trans-retinoic acid  catabolism. Induction of this catabolic pathway was studied in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cells showed low constitutive all-trans-RA catabolism. Concentration-dependent induction was obtained by preincubation of the cells with all-trans-RA (10(-9) to 10(-6) M). Onset of induction was fast, being detectable within 60 min, with maximal induction (45-fold) obtained after 16 h. Enzymatic characterization of induced all-trans-RA catabolism showed an estimated Km value (Michaelis-Menten constant) of 0.33 microM and a Vmax value  of 54.5 fmol polar all-trans-RA metabolites 10(6) cells(-1) h(-1). These kinetic parameters represent the overall formation of polar metabolites from all-trans-RA. Induction of all-trans-RA catabolism was also obtained with other retinoids, CH55 >> 13-cis-RA = all-trans-RA > 9-cis-RA > 4-keto-all-trans-RA > 4-keto-13-cis-RA > retinol. The potency of the retinoids to induce all-trans-RA catabolism was correlated to their retinoic acid receptor affinity . Induction of all-trans-RA catabolism was inhibited by actinomycin D. Furthermore, all-trans-RA did not increase cytosolic retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) mRNA levels. These data suggest that induction of all-trans-RA catabolism in MCF-7 cells is a retinoic acid receptor-mediated gene transcriptional event. Induced all-trans-RA catabolism was inhibited by various retinoids with decreasing potency in the order: all-trans-RA > 4-keto-all-trans-RA > 13-cis-RA > 9-cis-RA > 4-keto-13-cis-RA > retinol > CH55. The antitumoral compound liarozole-fumarate inhibited all-trans-RA catabolism with a potency similar to that of all-trans-RA."}
{"text": "Climate RefugeesCollectif ArgosCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 349 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-51439-2, $29.95Ecosystem Geography: From Ecoregions to Sites, 2nd ed.Robert G. BaileyNew York:Springer, 2010. 243 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4419-0391-4, $49.95Evaluation of Certain Veterinary Drug Residues in FoodWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2009. 141 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2412-0954-0, $25Greening through IT: Information Technology for Environmental SustainabilityBill TomlinsonCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 216 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01393-2, $24.95Hayes\u2019 Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology, 3rd ed.Robert KriegerSt. Louis, MO:Elsevier, 2009. 2,000 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-374367-1, $595Learning Science in Informal Environments: People, Places, and PursuitsPhilip Bell, Bruce Lewenstein, Andrew W. Shouse, Michael A. Feder, eds.Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2009. 352 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11955-9, $44.96Living Through the End of Nature: The Future of American EnvironmentalismPaul WapnerCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 184 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01415-1, $21.95Losing Our Cool: Uncomfortable Truths About Our Air-Conditioned WorldStan CoxNew York:New Press, 2010. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59558-489-2, $24.95Marine Ecology: Concepts and ApplicationsMartin R. Speight, P. A. HendersonHoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-2699-1, $150Principles for Modeling Dose-Response for the Risk Assessment of ChemicalsWorld Health OrganizationGeneva:WHO Press, 2009. 124 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2415-7239-2, $35Sea Ice, 2nd ed.David N. Thomas, Gerhard S. Dieckmann, eds.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 640 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4051-8580-6, $152.99Southeast Asia: The Long Road AheadChong Yah LimHackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 2009, 504 pp. ISBN: 978-981-4280-80-8, $72.00Treading Softly: Paths to Ecological OrderThomas PrincenCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2010. 224 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-01417-5, $22.95WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality: Dampness and MouldWHO Regional Office for EuropeGeneva:WHO Press, 2009. 247 pp. ISBN: 978-9-2890-4168-3, $50Xenobiotics in the Urban Water Cycle: Mass Flows, Environmental Processes, Mitigation and Treatment StrategiesDespo Fatta-Kassinos, Kai Bester, Klaus K\u00fcmmerer, eds.New York:Springer, 2010. 480 pp. ISBN: 978-90-481-3508-0, $199Arnold Greenwell/EHP"}
{"text": "Against BioethicsJonathan BaronCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 248 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-52478-0, $16An Environmental History of Latin AmericaShawn William MillerCambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-0-521-61298-2, $26.54Analysis of Global Change Assessments: Lessons LearnedCommittee on Analysis of Global Change Assessments, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 196 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-10485-8, $42.75Biodiversity under ThreatR.M. Harrison, R.E. Hester, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 214 pp. ISBN: 978-0-85404-251-7, $99Cool It: The Skeptical Environmentalist\u2019s Guide to Global WarmingBj\u00f8rn LomborgNew York:Knopf Publishing, 2007. 272 pp. ISBN: 978-0-307-26692-7, $21Current Controversies in the Biological SciencesKaren F. Greif, Jon F. MerzCambridge, MA:MIT Press, 2007. 399 pp. ISBN: 978-0-262-07280-9, $62Energy Futures and Urban Air Pollution: Challenges for China and the United StatesCommittee on Energy Futures and Air Pollution in Urban China and the United StatesWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 420 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11140-4, $79Environmental Policy AnalysesPeter KnoepfelNew York:Springer, 2007. 506 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-73148-1, $209Fundamentals of Air Pollution, 4th ed.Daniel ValleroBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 968 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-373615-4, $89.95Human Impacts on Weather and Climates, 2nd ed.William R. Cotton, Roger A. Pielke, Sr.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-521-60056-9, $61.28Hot House: Global Climate Change and the Human ConditionRobert G. StromNew York:Springer, 2007. 306 pp. ISBN: 978-0-387-34179-8, $27.50Methods for Computational Gene PredictionWilliam H. MajorosCambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 2007. 448 pp. ISBN: 978-0-521-87751-0, $143.04MicroarraysJang B. Rampal, ed.New York:Springer, 2007. 452 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-944-4, $125Nanotechnologies, Hazards and Resource EfficiencyM. Steinfeldt, A.V. Gleich, U. Petschow, R. HaumNew York:Springer, 2007. 271 pp. ISBN: 978-3-540-73882-4, $139Persistent Organic Pollutants in AsiaAn Li, Shinsuke Tanabe, Guibin Jiang, John Giesy, Paul Lam, eds.Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 842 pp. ISBN: 978-0-08-045132-9, $185Principles of Environmental Physics, 3rd ed.John Monteith, Mike UnsworthBurlington, MA:Elsevier, 2007. 440 pp. ISBN: 978-0-12-505103-3, $49.95The Blue Death: Disease, Disaster, and the Water We DrinkRobert D. MorrisNew York:HarperCollins, 2007. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-0-06-073089-5, $24.95"}
{"text": "Acid Rain in the Adirondacks: An Environmental HistoryJerry Jenkins, Karen Roy, Charles Driscoll, Christopher BuerkettIthaca, NY:Cornell University Press, 2007. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8014-4651-1, $65Apoptosis and CancerGil Mor, Ayesha Alvero, eds.New York:Springer, 2008. 350 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-457-9, $99.50Apoptosis, Senescence and Cancer, 2nd ed.David A. Gewirtz, Shawn E. Holt, Steven GrantTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2007. 975 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-527-9, $169Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk AssessmentCommittee on Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 278 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11298-7, $55Autism and the Environment: Challenges and Opportunities for ResearchForum for Neuroscience and Nervous Systems DisordersWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 364 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-10881-2, $69.50Cancer Genomics and ProteomicsPaul B. FisherTotowa, NJ:Humana Press, 2007. 481 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-504-0, $99.50Chernobyl \u2013 What Have We Learned? The Successes and Failures to Mitigate Water Contamination Over 20 YearsYasuo Onishi, Oleg V. Voitsekhovich, Mark J. Zheleznyak, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 289 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-5348-1, $129Congenital Diseases and the EnvironmentP. Nicolopoulou-Stamati, L. Hens, C.V. Howard, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 471 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-4830-2, $199Democratizing Technology: Risk, Responsibility and the Regulation of ChemicalsAnne ChapmanLondon, UK:Earthscan, 2007. 240 pp. ISBN: 978-1-8440-7421-1, $101.87Exposed: The Toxic Chemistry of Everyday Products\u2014Who\u2019s At Risk and What\u2019s At Stake for American PowerMark SchapiroWhite River Jct., VT:Chelsea Green Publishing, 2007. 216 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933392-15-8, $22.95Increasing Capacity for Stewardship of Oceans and Coasts: A Priority for the 21st CenturyCommittee on International Capacity Building for the Protection and Sustainable Use of Oceans and Coasts, National Research CouncilWashington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007. 150 pp. ISBN: 978-0-309-11376-2, $37Microchip-Based Assay SystemsPierre N. Floriano, ed.New York:Humana Press, 2008. 275 pp. ISBN: 978-1-58829-588-0, $99.50Monongah: The Tragic Story of the 1907 Monongah Mine Disaster, the Worst Industrial Accident in US HistoryDavitt McAteerMorgantown, WV:West Virginia University Press, 2007. 332 pp. ISBN: 978-1-9332-0229-7, $30Not One Drop: Betrayal and Courage in the Wake of the Exxon Valdez Oil SpillRiki OttWhite River Jct., VT:Chelsea Green Publishing, 2008. 256 pp. ISBN: 978-1-933392-58-5, $21.95Reproductive Health and the EnvironmentP. Nicolopoulou-Stamati, L. Hens, C.V. Howard, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 389 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-4828-9, $179Risk Assessment of Chemicals: An IntroductionC.J. van Leeuwen, T.G. Vermeire, eds.New York:Springer, 2007. 688 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6101-1, $199"}
{"text": "The correct name is: Sungjin Park. The correct citation is: Kim J-Y, Park S, Kim S-K, Kim C-S, Kim T-H, Min S-H, et al. (2019) Pesticide exposure and cognitive decline in a rural South Korean population. PLoS ONE 14(3): e0213738."}
{"text": "Coleoptera representing 25 families are studied based on DNA barcode data and morphological analysis of the barcoded specimens. Three of the species involve synonymies or previous taxonomic confusion in North America, while the first Canadian records are published for 60 species. Forty-two species are adventive in North America, and 40 of these adventive species originate from the Palaearctic region. Three genera are recorded from the Nearctic region for the first time: Coelostoma Brull\u00e9, 1835 (Hydrophilidae), Scydmoraphes Reitter, 1891 (Staphylinidae), and Lythraria Bedel, 1897 (Chrysomelidae). Two new synonymies are established: Mycetoporustriangulatus Campbell, 1991 (Staphylinidae) is a junior synonym of Mycetoporusreichei Pandell\u00e9, 1869, syn. nov. while Blediusphiladelphicus Fall, 1919 (Staphylinidae) is a junior synonym of Blediusgallicus , syn. nov. The previously suggested move of Cteniceratigrina  to the genus Pseudanostirus Dolin, 1964 (Elateridae) is formalized, resulting in Pseudanostirustigrinus , comb. nov.This study demonstrates the power of DNA barcoding to detect overlooked and newly arrived taxa. Sixty-three species of  After identification and validation of new species records and synonyms, 1168 DNA barcode records (sequence length \u2265400 bp) representing 63 species were selected for publication. Most (1147) of these records derive from freshly collected specimens obtained through projects coordinated by the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph (CBG) such as the Canadian National Parks Malaise Program (http://biodiversitygenomics.net/projects/cnp/), the School Malaise Trap Program , and BIObus collecting trips across Canada (https://biobus.ca/). As these specimens are stored pinned or in ethanol in the CBG voucher archive, they were available for morphological study and species assignment once barcode sequences were available. The three specimens of Attagenussmirnovi Zhantiev, 1973 were submitted for DNA barcoding through the LifeScanner citizen science initiative (http://www.lifescanner.net/) and are stored in the CBG voucher specimen archive. One of the DNA barcoded specimens of Contacyphonkongsbergensis  is stored in the Wallis-Roughley Museum of Entomology (JBWM). As part of our effort to construct a DNA barcode reference library for Canadian beetles, we analyzed 15,811 specimens of beetles held in the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes (CNC). Although sequence recovery from the CNC samples was lower than with freshly collected material, their analysis provided a wide set of well-identified reference specimens , four in the Canadian Museum of Nature (CMNC), and two in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Thirty-two additional records of Notarisscirpi  are from specimens deposited in the private insect collections of Claude Chantal (CCCH), St\u00e9phane Dumont (CSDU), Pierre de Tonnancour (CPTO), and Robert Vigneault (CRVI). Three additional records of Carpelimuselongatulus  are from specimens in the private insect collection of Reginald Webster (RWC).In addition to the barcoded material, we examined 303 specimens without DNA barcode data to obtain a more detailed understanding of the Canadian distribution of some of the newly detected species. Of these additional specimens, 257 are deposited in CNC specimen and it was placed in a well in a 96-well microplate pre-filled with 10 \u00b5l of 96% ethanol. Each CNC specimen was also photographed, and the resultant image was uploaded to BOLD along with the label data. The specimens archived at the CBG were processed in two ways. Small specimens (body length < 6 mm) were placed into a well in a 96 well microplate for DNA extraction. Following DNA extraction, the microplates were refilled with ethanol and the specimens were stored in the microplates in the CBG voucher specimen archive. Larger specimens were either pinned or preserved in ethanol, and a single leg was used for DNA extraction. Photography of each specimen is not a standard element in the workflow because a million specimens are processed yearly at CBG. Instead, representative specimens of new Barcode Index Numbers  are automatically assigned into BINs. The founding member sequence of a new BIN cluster must be at least 500 bp long, but shorter sequences (min. 300 bp) can be assigned into existing clusters. A detailed description of the clustering algorithm and the associated informatics workflow is provided by Coleoptera when representative specimens from BINs lacking a species-level identification were retrieved for morphological analysis. Only those species for which voucher specimens were available and could be reliably validated are included in this paper.The new adventive species were initially detected because Canadian specimens shared a BIN assignment with their European counterparts. When available, at least five Canadian voucher specimens were then morphologically examined to confirm the identification. Most of the extensions in the known range of native North American species were detected and validated in the same way, i.e., Canadian specimens were found to share BINs with identified specimens from the United States. A few taxa were encountered during the validation of a DNA barcode reference library for Canadian The brief sections on diagnostic information in this paper detail only the most relevant morphological characters for distinguishing each newly detected species from its closest relatives in North America. Due to the variety of beetle taxa covered, these sections cannot employ a completely uniform format. To provide some consistency, the terminology employed and the order in which the characters are presented follows https://doi.org/10.5883/DS-NEWCOL18). The public BIN pages for each species can be accessed through the BOLD dataset, or by entering the BIN URIs provided in each species account  in the search field of the public BIN portal: http://boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_BarcodeIndexNumber_HomeDetailed collection information for each specimen, including both DNA barcoded material and other specimen records, as well as GenBank accession numbers for the barcode sequences, are provided in the Suppl. material The higher classification of the new species, and the research projects and collections from which the specimens originate, are summarized in Table Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraGyrinidaeEA0E096E-2847-57AA-8DE3-994E1C9E036BNative to the Nearctic region. Widespread in the eastern United States .CBG); Charleston Lake Provincial Park, 25-Jun-2015 .Ontario: Charleston Lake Provincial Park, 22-Jun-2015 793F70CB-8CC5-54D8-914C-60857283D830Native to the Nearctic region. Widespread in the United States, recorded from all states bordering southern Ontario .CNC).Ontario: Point Pelee National Park, 08-Jun-2000 9534B977-DF95-57DE-947F-F0DC08A5188CNative to the Palaearctic region. Widespread and common in Europe, distributed across Eurasia to the Russian Far East and Japan , 2004. ACBG); Hartington, 18-Apr-2017 .Ontario: Cambridge, 01-Jun-2015 , and from Phaenonotum by the presence of distinct sutural striae on the elytra (absent in Phaenonotum).This is the first record of the genus Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraLeiodidae8743139C-16F5-5CD2-993C-80D84E54D4B4Native to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Europe, also recorded from North Africa and Caucasus . AdventiCBG); Guelph, 18-Aug-2010 .Ontario: Puslinch Township, 15-Aug-2010 to 22-Aug-2010 , differently formed projections of the metafemora, and the male genitalia. Leiodes . It can Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraStaphylinidaeEBBF2E1D-0FC3-5808-A93C-C4B6E29BE5CBNative to the West Palaearctic region, widespread in Europe . AdventiCBG); Markham, 24-Jun-2017 to 25-Jun-2017 .Ontario: Peterborough, 24-May-2015 to 30-May-2015 .Native to the West Palaearctic region and broadly distributed . AdventiCBG); Owen Sound, 21-Aug-2014 to 04-Sep-2014 .(DNA barcoded specimens). Ontario: Orangeville, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 .See Body length: 3.1\u20134.3 mm. Habitus as in Fig. M.triangulatus) from soybean fields and their adjacent hedgerows in Ontario, Canada. The barcoded Canadian specimens were collected with Malaise traps, one in a suburban residential area and the other in grassland habitat.In the Nearctic, Mycetoporustriangulatus and stated that it is \u201calmost certainly introduced\u201d but was unable to match it to Palaearctic species available for study. The Palaearctic species of Mycetoporus were only recently revised to include the complex sclerites of the internal sac , a close relative of M.reichei. These specimens may be misidentified (they were identified by MP before the presence of M.reichei in Finland was detected) and need to be re-examined.ac e.g.,  and the Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCarabidaeStephens, 183288851873-50DB-5276-9C38-83AE92383DC8Native to the Palaearctic region, where it is widespread . AdventiCBG). Ontario: Ancaster, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 ; Ausable-Bayfield Conservation Authority, 30-Jun-2015 ; Cambridge, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Cambridge, 24-Apr-2015 to 01-May-2015 ; Carillon Park, 06-May-1982 ; Courtice, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 ; Guelph, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Guelph, 23-Sep-2013 to 04-Oct-2013 ; Guelph, 26-Sep-2014 to 29-Sep-2014 ; Hartington, 04-Oct-2017 ; Mississauga, 24-May-2016 to 26-May-2016 ; Point Pelee National Park, 06-Jul-2015 ; Puslinch Township, 19-Sep-2010 to 27-Sep-2010 ; Puslinch Township, 24-Oct-2010 to 31-Oct-2010 ; Red Rock, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 ; Rondeau Provincial Park, 09-Jul-2015 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2013 to 09-Jun-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 15-Sep-2013 ; Stayner, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 . Quebec: Forillon National Park, 16-Sep-2013 to 23-Sep-2013 . New Brunswick: Florenceville-Bristol, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Fredericton, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 . Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 13-Sep-2013 to 20-Sep-2013 ; Hubbards, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 . Prince Edward Island: Prince Edward Island National Park, 11-Sep-2013 to 18-Sep-2013 .(DNA barcoded specimens). British Columbia: Burnaby, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 ; Renfrew County, 4 km SE Cobden, 15-Sep-1980 ; Wentworth County, Stoney Creek, 03-Mar-1973 . Quebec: Montreal, 07-Sep-1984 . Nova Scotia: Halifax, 1988 .Ontario: Carillon Park, 06-May-1982 . The barcoded specimens were collected in suburban residential areas and protected land adjacent to cities, mainly with Malaise or pitfall traps. Some of the barcoded specimens are larvae extracted from soil or leaf litter.This species occurs in a variety of moist to very dry microhabitats . In the Tachyporusatriceps has the same elytral chaetotaxy as T.borealis Campbell, 1979, T.nimbicola Campbell, 1979, and T.canadensis Campbell, 1979 but can be separated from the first two by the elytra with discal markings. Tachyporuscanadensis has a dark red-brown head, bright yellow pronotum, and either a pair of narrow linear lateral dark markings  or entirely immaculate elytra, while T.atriceps has a deep black head, slightly darkened (dingy yellow-orange) pronotum and lateral elytral markings that are ovoid or entirely fused with the medial marking to form a broad darkened area over much of the elytra. The internal sac sclerite of T.atriceps is similarly shaped to T.nimbicola and T.borealis 310E6F8C-E2B0-5D8B-9574-6A7E448B58F6Native to the Palaearctic region, occurring broadly in Europe and also reported from the Canary Islands, Tunisia, Turkey, and Mongolia . AdventiCBG); Burnaby, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 ; Port Coquitlam, 20-Apr-2015 to 08-May-2015 ; Surrey, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 . Ontario: Aylmer, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 ; Brantford, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Cambridge, 20-Apr-2015 to 08-May-2015 ; Chesley, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Ethel, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 28-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Hagersville, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Hagersville, 23-Sep-2013 to 04-Oct-2013 ; Little Britain, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 ; London, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 ; London, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Manitowaning, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 ; Milverton, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Napanee, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Perth East, 23-Sep-2013 to 04-Oct-2013 ; St. Thomas, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Stayner, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 ; Teeswater, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Teeswater, 23-Sep-2013 to 04-Oct-2013 ; Walkerton, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Walkerton, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Whitby, 23-Sep-2013 to 04-Oct-2013 .British Columbia: Abbotsford, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014  or A.decipiens should be treated as unidentifiable pending a comprehensive study. An examination of all North American types was outside the scope of this study and should ideally be accompanied by further DNA sequencing work of both Nearctic and Palaearctic Amischa.One of the most distinctive species of this difficult genus, ule Fig.  24BAF663-6F36-5A15-9E4C-0267D64C109DNative to the Palaearctic region, widespread in Europe and reported from Algeria, Tunisia, East and West Siberia, and Mongolia . AdventiCBG).Nova Scotia: Halifax, 30-May-2013 to 06-Jul-2013  which shows ca. 10% divergence from A.vaga.First reported from North America by Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraStaphylinidaeKraatz, 1853A2A7C7EF-BD70-555C-9C87-705C991415B2M.immunda Casey with this species in older literature. M.immunda is now considered a synonym of M.arcana Casey, 1911. The true M.infuscata is reported here as adventive in the Nearctic region .Native to the western Palaearctic region, widely distributed in Europe but rare in the north  and alsoCBG).Ontario: Rouge National Urban Park, 15-Sep-2013 6B6DD97A-AE0F-5387-875D-363D09EF30EEBlediusphiladelphicus Fall, 1919, syn. nov.  = B.philadelphicus).Native to the Palaearctic region, trans-Palaearctic . AdventiCBG); Grundy Lake Provincial Park, 13-Jul-1995 ; Hamilton, 21-Jul-2017 . Quebec: Montreal, 19-Aug-1981 .(DNA barcoded specimens). Ontario: Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 19-Aug-2013 to 27-Aug-2013 .See Body length: 3.7\u20134.8 mm. Habitus as in Fig. B.fracticornis) states that this species can be found in half-moist sand, gravel, clay or mineral soil mixed with humus, with or without vegetation cover. In Central Europe, this species occurs on sandy to muddy river banks, and also in damp field edges  . These two species are more easily separated by the shape of male sternite VII  . The twol, 1827)  455EF112-AE32-537C-8714-B471C02E0176Native to the Palaearctic region, distributed from western Europe to the Baikal region of Russia . AdventiCBG); Indian Point Provincial Park, 28-Jul-2015 ; Puslinch Township, 09-May-2010 .(DNA barcoded specimens). Ontario: Ausable-Bayfield Conservation Authority, 30-Jun-2015 ; Minesing Swamp, 26-Jan-2008 . Quebec: Dorval, 10-Oct-1975, ; Sainte-Foy, 27-May-1976, . New Brunswick: Charlotte County, 05-Jun-2008 ; Jackson falls, 22-May-2010, ; Musquash, 07-May-2006 .Ontario: Guelph, 10-Apr-2009, A3D13407-94DB-5F51-8251-6103289ED70FNative to the western Palaearctic region, widely distributed in Europe . AdventiCBG); Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2013 to 09-Jun-2013 .Ontario: Peterborough, 31-May-2015 to 06-Jun-2015 6F4609D1-1430-57D7-9561-88934A2574EFNative to the western Palaearctic region, widespread in Europe . AdventiCBG); Cambridge, 15-Jul-2017 ; Cambridge, 25-May-2015 to 01-Jun-2015 ; Cambridge, 25-May-2015 to 31-May-2015 ; Cambridge, 29-Apr-2015 to 07-May-2015 ; Guelph, 13-May-2017 ; Guelph, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Guelph, 22-Apr-2017 ; Kitchener, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Mississauga, 15-Sep-2015 to 17-Sep-2015 ; Owen Sound, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Pickering, 24-Jun-2017 to 25-Jun-2017 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2013 to 09-Jun-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 11-Jun-2013 to 18-Jun-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 15-Sep-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 24-Jun-2017 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 29-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Warsaw, 05-May-2014 to 23-May-2013 ; Whitby, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 .Ontario: Cambridge, 07-May-2015 to 14-May-2015 .Ontario: Guelph, 17-Sep-2017 9C48F20C-750C-5B34-9101-4316237AC4D1Native to the Palaearctic region, widespread in Europe and also reported from the Russian Far East . AdventiCBG); Peterborough, 30-Jul-2015 .Ontario:Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 30-Jul-2013 to 06-Aug-2013  and L.brunneus  in Europe  may be recognized within the Nearctic fauna of Glandulariini by the unique combination of a transverse groove on the base of the pronotum, which is margined laterally .British Columbia: Gulf Islands National Park Reserve, 17-Jun-2014 to 22-Jun-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2013 to 09-Jun-2013 .Ontario: Rouge National Urban Park, 29-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 900DB771-16BD-5470-9759-4BEAABEBACD3Native to the western Palaearctic region, widespread in Europe and also reported from Algeria, Morocco, Turkey, the Canary Islands, and Madeira . AdventiCBG).Ontario: Guelph, 30-Jun-2018 , M.brunneus , M.fusculus ) are represented in BOLD and form distinct BIN clusters. The female voucher was also morphologically compared to representatives of all widespread western Palaearctic Medon species and was consistent with the variability of body proportions, punctation and color of M.apicalis. Four species known from the southwestern Palaearctic are closely related to M.apicalis and cannot be reliably distinguished by external characters: M.perniger Coiffait, 1978 ; M.maronitus  (Greece to Turkmenistan); M.sericellus Fairmaire, 1860 (North Africa) and M.beydaghensis Fagel, 1969 (Turkey)  , 2006. NTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraStaphylinidae3EF4F982-D2C5-5FA9-A2C5-D5CCA59C1044Native to the western Palaearctic region, widespread in Europe and also reported from Algeria, Morocco, Turkey, and Madeira . AdventiCBG).Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 10-May-2013 to 21-May-2013 . In Central Europe, specimens have been collected mostly in wetlands , in flood debris, mole nests, and deeper deciduous leaf litter . Palm , M.brunneus , M.fusculus ) are represented in BOLD in separate BIN clusters. The female voucher was also morphologically compared to representatives of all Palaearctic Medon species and was consistent with the body proportions, punctation and color of M.ripicola. As the Nearctic fauna of Medon is unrevised, useful comparisons with North American species are not yet possible. Recognizing this species in the Nearctic region is reliably accomplished, at present, using dissected males or DNA barcoding.A single female voucher from Canada was available for study and, while males would normally be necessary to confirm a positive identification in Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraStaphylinidae3FDD0819-8790-5C9E-8EF2-1C96E343CFE4Native to the western Palaearctic region, widespread in Europe and also reported from Algeria, Morocco, Madeira, Tunisia, Cyprus, and Turkey . AdventiCBG).Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 07-Jun-2013 to 24-Jun-2013 . The female voucher from Canada also was consistent with the typical coloration of P.obscurellus given by Pseudomedon is unrevised, comparisons with North American species are not yet possible. Recognizing this species in the Nearctic region is reliably accomplished, at present, using dissected males or DNA barcoding.A single female voucher from Canada was available for study and, while males would normally be necessary to confirm a positive identification in Pseudomedonobscurellus and P.obsoletus from regions outside of the Palaearctic need re-confirmation C398D9CD-12F7-5CC9-864A-238BFFBD91F2Native to North America. Occurs across most of the Mississippi River drainage basin in the United States .CBG).Ontario: Point Pelee National Park, 05-Jun-2008 5A244D85-B06E-521F-879A-27A5398EEBDCNative to the Palaearctic region, widespread in Central Europe and around the Mediterranean . AdventiCBG); Vancouver, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Victoria, 03-Sep-2014 to 10-Sep-2014 .British Columbia: Abbotsford, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014  is the only other representative of this genus known from North America. It is larger than C.dubius (body length 1.8\u20132.0 mm), with a rounded angle between the antennal groove and the lateral margin of frons, rounded lateral edges of pronotum, evenly curved (not truncate) elytral hind margins, shorter and denser pubescence on the dorsal surface, and different male genitalia .British Columbia: West Vancouver, 20-Apr-2015 to 08-May-2015  from tree fungi . The CanClambussimsoni is most reliably identified by its characteristic male genitalia. The Canadian specimen is a male which shares an identical barcode sequence with a specimen sampled from Germany. In Clambus, C.simsoni leads to C.spangleri Endr\u00f6dy-Younga in couplet 14. Clambussimsoni is slightly larger (C.spangleri is 0.8\u20130.9 mm according to Endr\u00f6dy-Younga), and the pubescence on the dorsal surface is sparser than in C.spangleri.Morphologically, Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraScirtidae780BF9E6-5688-5F1F-829F-06262A07658BNative to North America. Described from New York State (Ithaca) .CBG). British Columbia: Naikoon Provincial Park, 24-Jun-2014 to 03-Jul-2014 ; Naikoon Provincial Park, 13-Jul-2014 to 31-Jul-2014 ; Naikoon Provincial Park, 08-Aug-2014 to 15-Aug-2014 . Ontario: Puslinch Township, 12-Jun-2010 to 19-Jun-2010 ; Short Hills Provincial Park, 26-May-2014 to 09-Jun-2014 ; Short Hills Provincial Park, 23-Jun-2014 to 07-Jul-2014 .Yukon Territory: Kluane National Park and Reserve, 15-Jul-2014 to 24-Jul-2014 B60342D2-EE04-5D0C-AC64-5E596AF4A37AHolarctic. Recorded from across the Palaearctic region, from Western Europe to the Russian Far East . In NortCBG). Alberta: Jasper National Park, 02-Aug-2010 to 05-Aug-2010 . Manitoba: Churchill, 05-Aug-2005 ; Churchill, 18-Aug-2006 ; Churchill, 21-Jul-2007 ; Riding Mountain National Park, 16-Jul-2012 to 23-Jul-2012 .British Columbia: Smithers, 28-Jul-2014 to 05-Aug-2014 E5C70F4E-252F-5EED-A4EC-7796AC47C2C7Native to North America. Described from New York State  .CBG); Guelph, 30-Jun-2018 ; Perth, 03-Jul-2014 to 17-Jul-2014 ; Warsaw, 04-Jul-2014 to 18-Jul-2014 . New Brunswick: Kouchibouguac National Park, 19-Aug-2009 . Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 14-Jul-2013 to 19-Jul-2013 ; Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 19-Jul-2013 to 26-Jul-2013 ; Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 02-Aug-2013 to 09-Aug-2013 ; Kejimkujik National Park, 08-Aug-2013 to 22-Aug-2013 . Newfoundland: Gros Morne National Park, 25-Jun-2013 to 02-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 16-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 20-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 10-Jul-2013 to 20-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 11-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 12-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 15-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 17-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 22-Aug-2013 to 27-Aug-2013 ; Terra Nova National Park, 24-Jul-2013 to 30-Jul-2013 .Ontario: Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 30-Jul-2013 to 06-Aug-2013 ; Cambridge, 21-May-2015 to 27-May-2015 ; Cambridge, 25-May-2015 to 31-May-2015 ; Cambridge, 04-Jun-2015 to 11-Jun-2015 ; Cambridge, 18-Jun-2015 to 24-Jun-2015 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 14-May-2010 to 18-May-2010 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 28-May-2010 to 30-May-2010 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 04-Jun-2013 to 11-Jun-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 11-Jun-2013 to 18-Jun-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 18-Jun-2013 to 26-Jun-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 26-Jun-2013 to 30-Jun-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 30-Jul-2013 to 06-Aug-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 06-Aug-2013 to 19-Aug-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 03-Sep-2013 to 10-Sep-2013 ; Guelph, 17-Oct-2013 ; Hanover, 30-Jul-2014 to 13-Aug-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 04-Jun-2013 to 11-Jun-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 11-Jun-2013 to 18-Jun-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 02-Jul-2013 to 09-Jul-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 23-Jul-2013 to 30-Jul-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 20-Aug-2013 to 27-Aug-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 26-May-2014 to 03-Jun-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2014 to 10-Jun-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 10-Jun-2014 to 17-Jun-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 17-Jun-2014 to 24-Jun-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 25-May-2014 to 01-Jul-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 01-Jul-2014 to 08-Jul-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 08-Jul-2014 to 15-Jul-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 22-Jul-2014 to 29-Jul-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 29-Jul-2014 to 05-Aug-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 12-Aug-2014 to 19-Aug-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 19-Aug-2014 to 26-Aug-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 16-Sep-2014 to 23-Sep-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 30-Sep-2014 to 07-Oct-2014 ; Thousand Islands National Park, 01-Jun-2012 to 08-Jun-2012 ; Thousand Islands National Park, 07-Jul-2012 to 13-Jul-2012 ; Thousand Islands National Park, 08-Jun-2012 to 15-Jun-2012 ; Thousand Islands National Park, 22-Jun-2012 to 29-Jun-2012 ; Thousand Islands National Park, 25-May-2012 to 01-Jun-2012 ; Waterloo, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 .Ontario: Balsam Lake Provincial Park, 02-Jun-2014 to 16-Jun-2014 6E2FCF69-0FE5-5CC6-8E9B-FC730F7E7DACNative to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Europe, also recorded from the Russian Far East . AdventiCBG); Guelph, 15-Aug-2013 to 22-Aug-2013 ; Guelph, 29-Aug-2013 to 05-Sep-2013 ; Guelph, 30-Sep-2013 to 04-Oct-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 28-May-2013 to 04-Jun-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 18-Jun-2013 to 25-Jun-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 27-Aug-2013 to 03-Sep-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2014 to 10-Jun-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 24-Jun-2014 to 01-Jul-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 29-Jul-2014 to 05-Aug-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 05-Aug-2014 to 12-Aug-2014 .Ontario: Guelph, 01-Aug-2013 to 08-Aug-2013 ; Vancouver, 20-May-2014 to 26-May-2014 ; Vancouver, 03-Jun-2014 to 10-Jun-2014 ; Vancouver, 12-Aug-2014 to 19-Aug-2014 ; Vancouver, 26-Aug-2014 to 02-Sep-2014 ; Vancouver, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; West Vancouver, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 . Ontario: Dundas, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Toronto, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 . Quebec: Montreal, 19-Sep-2014 to 26-Sep-2014 . Nova Scotia: Point Pleasant Park, 25-May-2013 to 01-Jun-2013 ; Point Pleasant Park, 14-Jun-2013 to 22-Jun-2013 ; Point Pleasant Park, 06-Jul-2013 to 13-Jul-2013 ; Point Pleasant Park, 03-Aug-2013 to 10-Aug-2013 ; Point Pleasant Park, 10-Aug-2013 to 17-Aug-2013 ; Point Pleasant Park, 17-Aug-2013 to 24-Aug-2013 ; Point Pleasant Park, 24-Aug-2013 to 31-Aug-2013 ; Point Pleasant Park, 31-Aug-2013 to 07-Sep-2013 ; Point Pleasant Park, 07-Sep-2013 to 14-Sep-2013 .British Columbia: North Vancouver, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 comb. nov.8449BD30-12E0-5B31-847C-A405BDFAC43DBOLD: ACU2924CNC has additional specimens collected in northern Oregon and near Lake Tahoe in Nevada.Native to North America. Previously known only from the United States, where the species is known from areas near Lake Tahoe in California . CNC hasCBG).(DNA barcoded specimen). British Columbia: Gulf Islands National Park Reserve, 30-May-2014 to 08-Jun-2014 .British Columbia: Parksville, 11-Apr-2018 , part of the L.triundulatus species group. Ludius Eschscholtz, 1829 was a synonym of Elater Linnaeus, 1758 and transferred all North American Ludius to Ctenicera Latreille, 1829. triundulatus group should be transferred to Pseudanostirus but did not formally present any new combinations. This combination has not been used previously in the scientific literature. Therefore the resulting combination Pseudanostirustigrinus  is used here for the first time.This species was described as Pseudanostirustigrinus is similar to P.nebraskensis . Its independent placement in a separate BIN cluster supports the validity of P.tigrinus.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCantharidae1BEB17CF-AC90-5159-99FA-58D594AA6A5EPreviously only recorded from the Palaearctic region. A northern species, found in Norway, Sweden, and Finland, and across the northern Palaearctic to the Russian Far East and Japan (Hokkaido) . ProbablCBG); Ivvavik National Park, 23-Jun-2014 to 29-Jun-2014 .Yukon Territory: Ivvavik National Park, 17-Jun-2014 to 23-Jun-2014 . The Canadian specimens were collected with a Malaise trap on tundra close to the Arctic treeline.D.lapponicus closely resembles D.piniphilus . The tarsal claw formula is the same and the shape of the pronotum is very similar in both species. The dorsal plate of the aedeagus has an apical notch in D.lapponicus , which is known from across boreal and arctic Canada, but D.perplexus is smaller (body length 5.0\u20136.5 mm) and has a different tarsal claw formula.The remote arctic collecting locality suggests that this species is more likely to be Holarctic than adventive from the Palaearctic region. The legs and basal antennomeres of the Canadian specimens are darker and the body length is slightly smaller compared to North European material we examined (including the DNA barcoded Finnish specimens with which the Canadian specimens share the BIN cluster). The male genitalia and shape of the pronotum show no differences between the European and Canadian specimens. Based on the identification keys, descriptions and figures by Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCantharidae96D1DDBC-E7D1-5226-9ED3-C21A7C7B6221Native to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Europe, also recorded from Iran and Turkey . AdventiCBG); Mount Revelstoke National Park, 04-Jul-2014 to 09-Jul-2014 ; New Afton Mine, 06-Jun-2013 to 13-Jun-2013 ; New Afton Mine, 20-Jun-2013 to 27-Jun-2013 ; Vancouver, 03-Jun-2014 to 10-Jun-2014 ; Vancouver, 17-Jun-2014 to 24-Jun-2014 ; Yoho National Park, 25-Jun-2014 to 07-Jul-2014 . Alberta: Banff National Park, 17-Jun-2012 ; Banff National Park, 19-Jun-2012 ; Banff National Park, 15-Jun-2012 to 20-Jun-2012 ; Elk Island National Park, 22-Jun-2012 to 29-Jun-2012 ; Elk Island National Park, 01-Jul-2012 ; Elk Island National Park, 02-Jul-2012 ; Elk Island National Park, 29-Jun-2012 to 03-Jul-2012 ; Elk Island National Park, 06-Jul-2012 to 13-Jul-2012 ; Jasper National Park, 04-Jul-2012 to 11-Jul-2012 ; Waterton Lakes National Park, 27-Jun-2012 to 04-Jul-2012 ; Waterton Lakes National Park, 10-Jul-2012 to 17-Jul-2012 ; Waterton Lakes National Park, 17-Jul-2012 to 24-Jul-2012 . Saskatchewan: Grasslands National Park, 29-Jun-2014 to 08-Jul-2014 . Manitoba: Riding Mountain National Park, 02-Jul-2012 to 09-Jul-2012 . Ontario: Algonquin Provincial Park, 01-Jul-2014 to 15-Jul-2014 ; Bayview Escarpment Provincial Park, 29-May-2014 to 12-Jun-2014 ; Bayview Escarpment Provincial Park, 26-Jun-2014 to 10-Jul-2014 ; Bruce Peninsula National Park, 21-Jun-2012 to 28-Jun-2012 ; Bruce Peninsula National Park, 28-Jun-2012 to 07-Jul-2012 ; Bruce Peninsula National Park, 05-Jul-2012 to 12-Jul-2012 ; Bruce Peninsula National Park, 12-Jul-2012 to 18-Jul-2012 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 02-Jun-2010 to 04-Jun-2010 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 04-Jun-2010 to 06-Jun-2010 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 06-Jun-2010 to 08-Jun-2010 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 12-Jun-2010 to 14-Jun-2010 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 15-Jun-2011 to 20-Jun-2011 ; Frontenac Provincial Park, 05-Jun-2014 to 19-Jun-2014 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 04-Jun-2013 to 11-Jun-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 11-Jun-2013 to 18-Jun-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 18-Jun-2013 to 26-Jun-2013 ; Guelph, 19-Jun-2015 to 26-Jun-2015 ; Hartington, 30-May-2017 ; Hartington, 13-Jun-2017 ; Hartington, 28-Jun-2017 ; Inverhuron Provincial Park, 25-Jun-2014 to 09-Jul-2014 ; Lion`s Head Provincial Park, 26-Jun-2014 to 10-Jul-2014 ; Lower Madawaska River Provincial Park, 02-Jul-2014 to 16-Jul-2014 ; Murphy`s Point Provincial Park, 05-Jun-2014 to 19-Jun-2014 ; Peterborough, 24-May-2015 to 30-May-2015 ; Peterborough, 07-Jun-2015 to 13-Jun-2015 ; Pinery Provincial Park, 25-Jun-2014 to 09-Jul-2014 ; Puslinch Township, 05-Jun-2010 to 12-Jun-2010 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2013 to 09-Jun-2013 ; Sandbanks Provincial Park, 05-Jun-2014 to 19-Jun-2014 ; Short Hills Provincial Park, 26-May-2014 to 09-Jun-2014 ; Sudbury, 08-Jun-2010 ; Thousand Islands National Park, 01-Jun-2012 to 08-Jun-2012 ; Thousand Islands National Park, 08-Jun-2012 to 15-Jun-2012 ; Thousand Islands National Park, 15-Jun-2012 to 22-Jun-2012 . Quebec: Forillon National Park, 05-Jul-2013 to 15-Jul-2013 ; Forillon National Park, 15-Jul-2013 to 22-Jul-2013 ; Forillon National Park, 22-Jul-2013 to 30-Jul-2013 ; Forillon National Park, 28-Jun-2013 to 05-Jul-2013 ; Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve, 02-Jul-2013 to 09-Jul-2013 . New Brunswick: Fundy National Park, 18-Jun-2013 to 25-Jun-2013 ; Fundy National Park, 02-Jul-2013 to 09-Jul-2013 ; Fundy National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 16-Jul-2013 ; Fundy National Park, 16-Jul-2013 to 23-Jul-2013 . Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 14-Jul-2013 to 19-Jul-2013 ; Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 19-Jul-2013 to 26-Jul-2013 ; Kejimkujik National Park, 13-Jun-2013 to 20-Jun-2013 ; Kejimkujik National Park, 27-Jun-2013 to 05-Jul-2013 ; Sable Island National Park Reserve, 01-Jul-2014 to 14-Jul-2014 . Prince Edward Island: Prince Edward Island National Park, 03-Jul-2013 to 10-Jul-2013 . Newfoundland: Gros Morne National Park, 12-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 16-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 20-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 10-Jul-2013 to 20-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 23-Jul-2013 to 30-Jul-2013 ; Gros Morne National Park, 06-Aug-2013 to 13-Aug-2013 ; Terra Nova National Park, 25-Jun-2013 to 02-Jul-2013 ; Terra Nova National Park, 09-Jul-2013 to 16-Jul-2013 ; Terra Nova National Park, 24-Jul-2013 to 30-Jul-2013 .British Columbia: Mount Revelstoke National Park, 19-Jun-2014 to 26-Jun-2014  . However, all morphologically examined Canadian specimens of M.pumilus were females. It is probably a mainly parthenogenetic species, as males are rare in Europe as well  . Malthods yellow . The str as well . The gen species . The extTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraDermestidaeZhantiev, 1973)5D6A0B62-20A6-5C44-A285-5805E87FBB66Native to the Afrotropical region. Adventive in the Palaearctic region, first recorded from Europe in the 1960s (misidentified under various species names), distribution expanded in recent decades . Adventive in the Nearctic region .CBG).Ontario: Toronto, 19-Jul-2016 ) in Kenya ; Cambridge, 15-Jul-2017 ; Guelph, 30-Jul-2017 .Ontario: Burlington, 07-Aug-2014 to 20-Aug-2014 . One Canadian specimen was caught with a Malaise trap; the rest were collected by beating vegetation in deciduous and mixed forests.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraErotylidaeReitter, 187413E3B3FA-34F0-5820-A4C7-202136FE9F56Native to the Palaearctic region (Asia). Adventive in the western Palaearctic region, recorded in Europe at least from Austria, Denmark, Germany, and France . AdventiCBG); Dunnville, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; London, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Orillia, 20-Apr-2015 to 08-May-2015 ; Peterborough, 05-Jul-2015 to 11-Jul-2015 ; Port Rowan, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Scarborough, 20-Apr-2015 to 08-May-2015 ; Whitby, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 .Ontario: Ailsa Craig, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013  with it. This species has obviously been present in North America for a long time, and Canadian records older than those reported here may well be found in collections.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraErotylidaeReitter, 18744193C61E-4D7A-57F4-8141-42B84A29BB52Cryptophilusangustus  under the name Cryptophilusinteger  until recently. Therefore, its distribution is not yet very well known. Cryptophiluspropinquus was described from Japan, and has been recorded at least from Germany, India, Italy, Turkey, and the United States ; Victoria, 23-Jul-2014 to 30-Jul-2014 . Ontario: Cambridge, 04-Jun-2015 to 11-Jun-2015 ; Guelph, 15-Jul-2010 to 01-Aug-2010 ; Guelph, 17-Sep-2017 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 15-Sep-2013 .British Columbia: Victoria, 25-Jun-2014 to 02-Jul-2014  is listed as occurring in Canada by  ). C.propinquus among the DNA barcoded Canadian specimens, but not C.angustus.anada by , but Essanada by , 2017 diTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCryptophagidae38A84043-F2D1-5707-BCC5-AA90DCC12423Native to North America. Described from Illinois , also reCBG).Ontario: Rouge National Urban Park, 18-Jun-2013 to 25-Jun-2013  P. Karst. in a sugar maple forest. The Canadian specimen was caught with a Malaise trap in a patch of forest.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraPhalacridaeCasey, 1890D503A22B-134D-50E1-A82D-1474FD4DE15ETinodemusgrouvellei Guillebeau, 1894, synonymized under A.ergoti by United States . TinodemCBG); Breslau, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Cambridge, 07-May-2015 to 14-May-2015 ; Cambridge, 14-May-2015 to 21-May-2015 ; Cambridge, 25-May-2015 to 31-May-2015 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 30-Apr-2010 to 02-May-2010 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 09-May-2010 to 14-May-2010 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 14-May-2010 to 18-May-2010 ; Elizabethtown-Kitley, 30-May-2010 to 02-Jun-2010 ; Embro, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 06-May-2013 to 12-May-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 12-May-2013 to 23-May-2013 ; Georgian Bay Islands National Park, 30-Jul-2013 to 06-Aug-2013 ; Hagersville, 23-Sep-2013 to 04-Oct-2013 ; Hartington, 28-Jun-2017 ; London, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013 ; Mississauga, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 ; Orangeville, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 ; Peterborough, 31-May-2015 to 06-Jun-2015 ; Peterborough, 29-Jun-2015 to 02-Jul-2015 ; Point Pelee National Park, 02-May-2012 to 09-May-2012 ; Point Pelee National Park, 16-May-2012 to 23-May-2012 ; Point Pelee National Park, 27-Jun-2012 to 04-Jul-2012 ; Point Pelee National Park, 05-Sep-2012 to 12-Sep-2012 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 07-Jun-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2013 to 09-Jun-2013 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 17-Jun-2014 to 24-Jun-2014 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 08-Jul-2014 to 15-Jul-2014 ; Williamstown, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 . Quebec: Montreal, 24-Jul-2014 to 02-Aug-2014 ; Montreal, 19-Sep-2014 to 26-Sep-2014 . New Brunswick: Springfield, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 .Ontario: Brantford, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 , mainly with Malaise traps.Acylomus prevents detailed comparison to most other Nearctic species of Acylomus. The only other species of Acylomus previously known from Canada, A.pugetanus Casey, 1916, was redescribed by Acylomus (BOLD:ACM7465) occurs in Canada according to DNA barcode data and initial morphological analysis of the barcoded specimens, but we have not been able to identify it to species level.The lack of a modern species-level revision of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraPhalacridaeErichson, 184550676576-D421-5074-A4C1-EBB90F9C0F09Native to the Palaearctic region, widespread in Europe and North Africa . AdventiCBG).British Columbia: Burnaby, 20-Apr-2015 to 08-May-2015 5CC45DF9-AABD-5743-A45E-212183FE23C1Native and widespread in the Palaearctic region. Recorded from North Africa and all of Europe to the Russian Far East and Japan  One of tCBG); Guelph, 22-Apr-2017 ; Guelph, 06-Jun-2018 ; Guelph, 30-Jun-2018 ; Rouge National Urban Park, 03-Jun-2013 to 09-Jun-2013 .Ontario: Guelph, 01-Nov-2009 , under the bark of dead trees etc., probably feeding on the microbes decomposing these materials . Often fEpuraea prevents detailed comparison to other Canadian species at the moment. Epuraeaunicolor can be reliably separated by DNA barcodes from all other Palaearctic and Nearctic Epuraea species sampled so far. The diagnostic information above, in particular the male mesotibia and genitalia, should allow morphological identification.The lack of a modern revision of North American Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidae23520E20-69BE-5FFF-BD1C-53AA912C2451Native to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Europe, also recorded from Siberia and the Russian Far East . AdventiCBG); Mississauga, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 ; Windsor, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 .Ontario: Hamilton, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014   . The CanChilocoruskuwanae Silvestri, 1909, an East Asian species introduced to the United States and recorded from across the country . Unfortunately, no barcode data are available for C.kuwanae. No Canadian records have been previously published under either name. country , was recChilocorusrenipustulatus is externally very similar to Chilocorusstigma  and its closest relatives. It can be distinguished using the male genitalia and microsculpture of the pronotum. In C.stigma and allied species, the interspace between punctures on the disc of the pronotum is covered by finely engraved, netlike microsculpture. In C.renipustulatus, the interspace is smooth and shiny, with no visible microsculpture on disc. The orange maculae on the elytra are more transverse in C.renipustulatus than in C.stigma in the examined DNA barcoded Canadian material of these species, but the maculae are known to vary in size and shape in C.renipustulatus .Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidae21ED9D00-822A-5702-ADB2-87FF86DE1ACCPreviously known only from Europe, where the species is more common in the north and rather sporadic in the central and southern parts . ProbablCNC); Kugluktuk, 01-Jul-2010 ; Kugluktuk, 11-Jul-2010 ; Kugluktuk, 13-Jul-2010 .Nunavut: Kugluktuk, 25-Jun-2010 , but has a narrower body outline and usually smaller and less conspicuous elytral spots. Nephusgeorgei also has ten antennomeres instead of nine. N.georgei from the northern parts of the Northwest Territories are smaller and narrower compared to specimens from southern Canada and northern United States, and that the pale color pattern of the elytra is reduced in the northern specimens. Based on these notes, the arctic specimens of N.georgei may actually represent N.bisignatus and need to be re-examined.nnomeres . All thennomeres , 1985. Tnnomeres , but we Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidae28ACFC8F-58E2-5830-B81D-95EFA3D125EENative to the Palaearctic region, widespread across Eurasia from western Europe to the Russian Far East . AdventiCBG); Burlington, 21-Jul-2017 ; Guelph, 06-Jun-2013 to 13-Jun-2013 ; Guelph, 20-Jun-2013 to 27-Jun-2013 ; Guelph, 01-Aug-2013 to 08-Aug-2013 ; Guelph, 15-Aug-2013 to 22-Aug-2013 ; Mississauga, 15-Sep-2015 to 17-Sep-2015 ; Mississauga, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 ; Toronto, 19-Jun-2017 to 27-Jun-2017 . Nova Scotia: Berwick, 20-Apr-2015 to 08-May-2015 .Ontario: Barrie, 22-Apr-2013 to 03-May-2013  or pronotum. The male genitalia differ: the apical hook of the penis (sipho), which is typical for S.americanus and related species, is absent in S.rubromaculatus. Scymnus , 1985. ITaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCorylophidae89EC2E44-CEC0-53CD-A185-25030A4B2783Native to the Palaearctic region. Widely distributed from Western Europe to Siberia , 2007. ACBG); Cambridge, 07-May-2015 to 14-May-2015 ; Cambridge, 21-May-2015 to 27-May-2015 .Ontario: Cambridge, 29-Apr-2015 to 07-May-2015  is known from British Columbia in Canada, and Washington and Oregon in the United States   .Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraMycetophagidae66BCF5E3-CE40-52FA-862F-A90D4FCE3E9ENative to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Europe, also recorded from North Africa, and across the region to the Russian Far East and Japan . AdventiCBG).British Columbia: Burnaby, 20-Apr-2015 to 08-May-2015 BE06AB87-8049-583F-BCE6-C69A075D54A5Native to the Palaearctic region. Recorded across Eurasia from western Europe to the Russian Far East and Japan . AdventiCBG); Guelph, 21-Oct-2017 ;(barcoded specimens). Ontario: Guelph, 21-Aug-2017 ; Milton, 28-May-2002 .Ontario: Horning\u2019s Mills, 08-Nov-2015  is the only other representative of the mainly Palaearctic C.boleti species group known from North America .Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 21-Jul-2009  P. Karst.  and leads to that species in the key to North American species  which is more closely clustered to other Palaearctic members of the C.nitidus species group , C.jacquemartii Melli\u00e9, 1848 and C.lineatocribratus Melli\u00e9, 1848) than to C.glabratus. species . The miclia Fig. . CisleveTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraMordellidaeLeConte, 1862E3A85312-46A7-57A9-8166-3E4FB57FA954Native to the Nearctic region. Previously recorded at least from Indiana, New York, North Carolina, and Ohio in the United States .CBG).Ontario: Point Pelee National Park, 27-Jun-2012 to 04-Jul-2012 .(DNA barcoded specimen). Saskatchewan: Grasslands National Park 21-May-2014 to 29-May-2014 ; Merritt, 04-Jun-1922 ; Merritt, 08-Jun-1922 ; Merritt, 09-Jun-1922 ; Merritt, 10-Jun-1922 ; Merritt, 15-Jun-1922 ; Merritt, 18-Jun-1922 ; Merritt, 14-Sep-1923 ; Merritt, 03-Jun-1924 ; Merritt, 13-May-1925 ; Merritt, 25-Jul-1925 ; Olivier, 24-May-1958 ; Olivier, 12-Jun-1958 ; Olivier, 14-Jun-1958 ; Peachland, 19-Jul-1912 ; Peachland, 13-Jul-1919 ; Summerland, 25-Mar-1932 ; Summerland, 24-Sep-1932 ; Summerland, 7-Oct-1932 ; Summerland, 10-Oct-1932 ; Summerland, 11-Oct-1932 ; Summerland, 11-Nov-1932 ; Exact locality unknown, Sep-1923 . Saskatchewan: Crane Valley, 06-Oct-1914 . Manitoba: Aweme, 25-Jul-1919 ; Aweme, 31-Oct-1921 ; Onah, 24-Jul-1919 .British Columbia: Aspen Grove, 20-Oct-1936 . The DNA barcoded Canadian specimen was collected with a Malaise trap in a grassland.CNC. The identification of this specimen using data in The single DNA barcoded specimen from Saskatchewan  was compared with specimens of this little-studied genus in the Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraTenebrionidae111EC2CC-C223-5A51-9B21-B85D023A01E9Native to the Nearctic region. Previously known from Georgia and South Carolina in the United States .CBG).Ontario: Point Pelee National Park, 23-Jun-2010 . Oklahoma: Willis, 15-Apr-2009 ; Willis, 18-Apr-2009 . Illinois: Pine Hills Field Station, 22-May-1967 .This species was originally described as the only member of the new genus Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraChrysomelidae92C5A3EB-6A7D-5B9B-95D2-359095A879DANative to the Palaearctic region, widespread across the region and common in many parts . AdventiCBG); Revelstoke, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 . Ontario: Brampton, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 ; Mississauga, 24-May-2016 to 26-May-2016 ; Mississauga, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 . Nova Scotia: Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 23-Jun-2013 to 29-Jun-2013 ; Elmwood, 01-Nov-2005 ; Kejimkujik National Park, 31-Jul-2009 ; Truro, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 . Labrador: Happy Valley-Goose Bay, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 . Newfoundland: Terra Nova National Park, 04-Jul-2009 .British Columbia: Kelowna, 22-Sep-2014 to 03-Oct-2014 , including cereal crop species  with the diagnoses and figures in the recent revision of Palaearctic Chaetocnema species  the Palaearctic C.sahlbergii . Both species inhabit bogs and other types of wetlands .Ontario: Cornwall, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 , another adventive species from the Palaearctic region   . The elyPlantago .Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraChrysomelidae465B67EB-F7E3-5873-A359-1A369023124BNative to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Europe, scattered records in Asia to East Siberia and Japan . AdventiCBG); Pickering, 24-Jun-2017 to 25-Jun-2017 .Ontario: Cambridge, 25-May-2015 to 31-May-2015  using the key to genera of Galerucinae in L.salicariae is not as convex in lateral profile and has a more elongate body outline. Among previously recorded Canadian leaf beetles, the habitus of L.salicariae is somewhat similar to Glyptinabrunnea Horn, 1889, but the procoxal cavities are open behind in Glyptina.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraChrysomelidaeWilcox, 1965357F2C04-0430-55D3-AAEE-47BFA1A6E811Native to the Nearctic region. Widespread in eastern United States .CBG).Quebec: Forillon National Park, 05-Jul-2013 to 15-Jul-2013 08EAD071-E9FD-5BF3-92A7-C89A7585D8E5Native to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Europe, with scattered records in Asia to the Russian Far East and Japan . AdventiCNC).(DNA barcoded specimen). Quebec: Laval, 11-Jun-1997 ; Henryville, 14-Jun-2015 ; Henryville, 07-Jun-2017 ; Henryville, 07-Jun-2017 ; Henryville, 14-Jun-2017 ; Laval, 5-Jun-2004 ; Laval, 19-Apr-2013 ; Laval, 22-Jun-2013 ; Longueuil, 21-May-2016 ; Oka, 01-Jul-2004 ; Oka, 06-Jun-2011 ; Oka, 19-Aug-2012 ; Oka, 26-Aug-2012 ; Oka, 01-Jun-2014 ; Oka, 21-Jun-2016 ; Oka, 13-Jul-2016 to 20-Jul-2016 ; Oka, 22-Jul-2016 ; Oka, 15-May-2018 to 31-May-2018 ; Saint-C\u00f4me, 13-Jul-2013 ; Saint-Lazare, 20-Jun-2012 ; Saint-Lazare, 17-Sep-2012 ; Saint-Lazare, 14-Jun-2013 ; Saint-Lazare, 18-Jul-2017 ; Terrasse-Vaudreuil, 01-Jun-2013 ; Terrasse-Vaudreuil, 11-Jun-2007 ; Terrasse-Vaudreuil, 30-Jun-2014 ; Varennes, 07-Jun-2011 .Quebec: Gatineau, 25-May-2012  and Notarispuncticollis , the two most similar species already known from North America, by the dense cream-colored scales on the lateral portions of the abdomen, metanepisternum, metanepimeron, and lateral portion of the metaventrite.These are the first records of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidae 792A7643-B894-55CC-901F-97D6E6134EF2Native to the Nearctic region. Previously recorded from Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Florida, and Missouri  but likeCNC); Rouge National Urban Park, 25-Jun-2017 .(DNA barcoded specimens). Ontario: Pelee Island, 06-Jun-1982 ; Pelee Island, 27-Jun-1940 ; Windsor, 30-May-2002 .Ontario: Pelee Island, 26-Jun-1940  and A.longipennis Casey, 1892 have a black integument.The red-brown Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeCasey, 1892F478DE75-633F-58D5-BE49-B672215BB975Native to the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. Recorded from eastern and north central United States, and southward to Nicaragua .CBG); Waterloo, 19-Sep-2016 to 30-Sep-2016 .Ontario: Waterloo, 21-Sep-2015 to 02-Oct-2015 Centrinopushelvinus was taken on sweetscented joe pye weed, Eutrochiumpurpureum (L.) E.E. Lamont. We are not aware of any additional biological information published on this species. The barcoded Canadian specimens were collected with a Malaise trap on farmland.Centrinopus Casey, 1892, which is in need of a taxonomic revision .Ontario: Guelph, 02-Jun-2018   . The laricaceae) . The CanCeutorhynchusinaffectatus is similar in habitus to two other Palaearctic species adventive in North America: C.obstrictus  and C.rapae Gyllenhal, 1837. These species have lateral pronotal tubercles, which are absent in C.inaffectatus. The combination of toothed femora, antennal funicle with seven antennomeres, pronotum lacking lateral tubercles and toothed tarsal claws will separate C.inaffectatus from native species of Ceutorhynchus. Hesperismatronalis (dame\u2019s rocket or purple rocket) is an invasive weed in North America ; New Afton Mine, 20-Jun-2013 to 27-Jun-2013 . Alberta: Calgary, 22-Jul-1976 ; Exact locality not specified, 20-Jun-1985 ; Exact locality not specified, 09-Jun-1990 . Saskatchewan: Grasslands National Park, 19-Jul-2012 to 26-Jul-2012 . Manitoba: Exact locality not specified, 24-Jul-1995 .British Columbia: Radium, 24-Aug-1982 AA1410D2-2A8A-51B7-9FFA-25426D0083E1Native to the Nearctic region. CBG); Point Pelee National Park, 16-Jun-2014 to 22-Jun-2014 .Ontario: Point Pelee National Park, 06-Jul-2015 F5180719-78EE-5A3E-8A14-E250180FC289Native to the Palaearctic region. Widespread in Central Europe . AdventiCBG).Ontario: Rouge National Urban Park, 24-Jun-2017 to 25-Jun-2017 , another adventive Palaearctic species which is common and widespread in North America. Both species were previously placed in the genus BarypeithesJacquelin du Val, 1854. The formersubgenusExomias was elevated to the generic level by Exomiaspelluciduspellucidus can be diagnosed primarily by the noticeably denser setae on their elytra, especially near the apex where an additional row of long setae is present along the elytral suture.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeB59C424A-FF37-5320-8EB8-3B226089B554Native to the eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions . AdventiCBG); Point Pelee National Park, 16-Jun-2014 to 22-Jun-2014 .Ontario: Point Pelee National Park, 11-Jul-2012 to 18-Jul-2012 , and A.tachygraphus  can be distinguished from A.rubricollis by their greater body lengths (3.6 to 4.0 mm).This is the only  Ontario . AmbrosiClambussimsoni and Attagenussmirnovi, are native to the Australian and Afrotropical regions respectively, but also occur in the Palaearctic as adventive species. Nephusbisignatus and Dichelotarsuslapponicus were previously known only from the Palaearctic region, but because they were collected in remote arctic localities in Canada, we consider it likely that they are Holarctic taxa whose occurrence in North America was previously overlooked. The remaining 19 new species are native to North America, and represent either previously overlooked occurrences in Canada, or recent range expansions. The fact that many new records of native species were of species that are difficult to identify by morphological methods suggests that most of these species have been long present in Canada but overlooked. Six species were found at Point Pelee, a forest and wetland area isolated from similar habitats in both United States and Canada, further suggesting that recent range extensions are an unlikely explanation for new Canadian records of these species. The fact that 54 of the 60 new species for Canada were found in general survey samples for insects clearly indicates that much more work is needed using specialized, taxon-specific collecting techniques to achieve a full inventory of the Coleoptera diversity in Canada. We also expect that increased insect survey activity in United States would recover records for many of the same adventive species there, plus additional species as-yet unrecorded from North America.This study adds 60 new species to the Canadian beetle fauna and resolves taxonomic confusion in another three species. Among the 42 adventive species covered, 40 are native to the Palaearctic region. The remaining two species, Stenichnusscutellaris and Amischadecipiens are widespread and common in southern Ontario, while A.decipiens is also found in the Greater Vancouver area. Malthodespumilus occurs from East to West in both suburban and natural environments. All three species represent genera that have received little or no taxonomic investigation in North America in recent decades. Others, such as Calyptomerusdubius, Clambussimsoni, Litargusconnexus, and Olibrusliquidus, may have arrived more recently as they have only been found in one or a few urban localities, and some are only represented by singleton specimens in the Canadian DNA barcode data. Verifying that these species are well-established in Canada will require further monitoring and study of material in existing collections.Species that are adapted to disturbed or ruderal habitats are more likely to be accidentally transported through human activities than species that require non-synanthropic habitats . Many ofStaphylinidae we establish in this study. New species are less likely to escape notice in Europe where the beetle fauna, including taxonomically challenging families such as Staphylinidae, is generally better known and more intensively studied compared to North America. Our analysis of European and Canadian DNA barcode data has uncovered at least one native North American species of Staphylinidae occurring as adventive in Europe and described as new from there. This synonymy will be formally established in a future publication. A geographically well represented DNA barcode dataset can provide information on the biogeography and distributional status (native vs. adventive) of species, and potentially identify the geographic origin of adventive or expansive species  revealed that only 7% of the specimens in that institution were collected during the past 30 years. In contrast, 37% of the specimens in CNC were collected during the previous 30-year period (1959\u20131988). Inventories of Canadian Scarabaeoidea in most of the major entomological collections across the country show a similar overall pattern. Although general survey and inventory work is badly needed in Canada to detect the full diversity of the Coleoptera fauna, collecting efforts have significantly declined over the past 30 years. This leaves invasive species undetected and range expansions undiscovered for years longer than would have been the case when there were large-scale survey and inventory efforts (e.g., Northern Insect Survey; It is noteworthy that 57 of our 60 new species records for Canada were discovered, in whole or in part, using material recently collected by the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics. In fact, only two of the new species were discovered based solely on specimens from the Coleoptera species in Canada, an increase of almost 10% over a similar checklist published 22 years earlier (Coleoptera species already present in Canada, but species recently establishing themselves in Canada also increased the count. The 60 species we report here as new for Canada increase the number of known beetle species in the country by another 0.7% compared to Coleoptera known from Canada. Further new Canadian records and new synonymies in European and North American Coleoptera detected through DNA barcode data are currently being validated. Our study shows that DNA barcoding, combined with morphological validation of the voucher specimens, is a powerful tool for detecting and identifying overlooked or recently arrived species, both native and adventive (see also  earlier . The recsee also . Even th"}
{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-018-32647-0, published online 01 October 2018Correction to: In Figure 4, the panels showing the variability by cycle phases for Glycine, Serine, Methionine, Asparagine, Proline, Glutamine, Tyrosine, Gamma-glutamyl-alanine, Citrulline, O-Acetyl-serine, Alpha-aminobutyric acid and Gamma-glutamylglutamine were omitted. The correct Figure 4 appears below as Figure"}
{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-018-32838-9, published online 29 October 2018Correction to: The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete.\u201cThis research was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, R.O.C., under Grant no. MOST 104-2221-E-260-011 & 105-2221-E-260-021.\u201dshould read:\u201cThis research was supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology of R.O.C. under Grants MOST 106-2221-E-260-019, 107-2221-E-260-019- MY2, 107-2918-I-260-001, and MOST 107-2917-I-564-031 and in part by the National Taiwan University under Grant 107L892903.\u201d"}
{"text": "This article has been corrected: The correct funding information is listed below:This study was supported by National Science Council (NSC 102-2314-B-038-048) to PHF, Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 103-2314-B-038 -056 and 104-2314-B-038-070) to PHF, and Taipei Medical University  to PHF.https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.24146Original article: Oncotarget. 2018; 9:7631-7643."}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessments\u00a0Cases of Lassa fever in the Netherlands ex Sierra LeoneDate of publication: 29 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-cases-lassa-fever-netherlands-ex-sierra-leone\u00a0Listeria monocytogenes sequence type 6 infections linked to ready-to-eat meat productsMulti-country outbreak of Date of publication: 26 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-outbreak-assessment-multi-country-outbreak-listeria-monocytogenes-sequence\u00a0Sexual transmission of dengue in SpainDate of publication: 18 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-sexual-transmission-dengue-spain\u00a0Klebsiella pneumoniae, north-east Germany, 2019Outbreak of carbapenemase-producing and colistin-resistant Date of publication: 28 October 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/outbreak-Klebsiella-pneumoniae-Germany\u00a0Zika virus disease in Var department, FranceDate of publication: 16 October 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-zika-virus-disease-var-department-france\u00a0Autochthonous cases of dengue in Spain and FranceDate of publication: 1 October 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-autochthonous-cases-dengue-spain-and-france\u00a0Technical reports\u00a0ECDC Evidence Brief: Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in Europe and Central AsiaDate of publication: 28 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-evidence-brief-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-hiv-prevention-europe-and-central\u00a0HIV testing, monitoring implementation of the Dublin Declaration on partnership to fight HIV/AIDS in Europe and Central Asia: 2018 progress reportDate of publication: 27 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hiv-testing-monitoring-implementation-dublin-declaration-partnership-fight\u00a0External quality assessment of laboratory performance \u2013 European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net), 2018Date of publication: 22 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/external-quality-assessment-laboratory-performance-european-antimicrobial-0\u00a0Community and institutional public health emergency preparedness synergies - enablers and barriersDate of publication: 19 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/community-and-institutional-public-health-emergency-preparedness-synergies\u00a0Escherichia coli in IrelandCommunity engagement and institutional collaboration during outbreaks of Shiga toxin/verocytotoxin-producing Date of publication: 19 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/community-engagement-and-institutional-collaboration-during-outbreaks-shiga\u00a0Community engagement and institutional collaboration in Iceland during a norovirus outbreak at \u00dalfslj\u00f3tsvatn Outdoor and Scout Centre (10\u201315 August 2017)Date of publication: 19 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/community-engagement-and-institutional-collaboration-iceland-during-norovirus\u00a0Survey of healthcare workers\u2019 knowledge, attitudes and behaviours on antibiotics, antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in the EU/EEADate of publication: 18 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/survey-healthcare-workers-knowledge-attitudes-and-behaviours-antibiotics\u00a0A spatial modelling method for vector surveillanceDate of publication: 14 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/spatial-modelling-method-vector-surveillance\u00a0Health emergency preparedness for imported cases of high-consequence infectious diseasesDate of publication: 22 October 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/health-emergency-preparedness-imported-cases-high-consequence-infectious-diseases\u00a0Managing heterogeneity when pooling data from different surveillance systemsDate of publication: 21 October 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/managing-heterogeneity-when-pooling-data-different-surveillance-systems\u00a0HIV and people who inject drugs - Monitoring implementation of the Dublin DeclarationDate of publication: 9 October 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hiv-and-people-who-inject-drugs-monitoring-implementation-dublin-declaration\u00a0Response plan to control and manage the threat of multi- and extensively drug-resistant gonorrhoea in EuropeDate of publication: 7 October 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/response-plan-control-and-manage-threat-multi-and-extensively-drug-resistant\u00a0Surveillance reports\u00a0HIV/AIDS surveillance in Europe 2019 - 2018 dataDate of publication: 28 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hivaids-surveillance-europe-2019-2018-data\u00a0Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Europe 2018Date of publication: 11 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/surveillance-antimicrobial-resistance-europe-2018\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, October 2019Date of publication: 11 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-october-2019\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, November 2019Date of publication: 11 November 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-november-2019\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, September 2019Date of publication: 14 October 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-september-2019\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, October 2019Date of publication: 11 October 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-october-2019\u00a0Annual Epidemiological Report series on communicable diseases in Europe\u00a0Published in November: \u00a0Chapter on antimicrobial consumption for 2018https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/surveillance-antimicrobial-consumption-europe-2018\u00a0Chapter on toxoplasmosis for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/congenital-toxoplasmosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on rabies for 2018https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rabies-annual-epidemiological-report-2018\u00a0Chapter on smallpox for 2018https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/smallpox-annual-epidemiological-report-2018\u00a0Chapter on yersiniosis for 2018https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/yersiniosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2018\u00a0Published in October: \u00a0Chapter on cryptosporidiosis for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/cryptosporidiosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/healthcare-associated-infections-intensive-care-units-annual-epidemiological-1\u00a0Chapter on healthcare-associated infections: surgical site infections for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/healthcare-associated-infections-surgical-site-infections-annual-1\u00a0ECDC communicable disease threats reportDate of publication: every Fridayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/threats-and-outbreaks/reports-and-data/weekly-threats\u00a0Scientific peer-reviewed publicationsPublications by ECDC staff in scientific journalsUpdated monthlyhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data?f%5b0%5d=output_types%3A1247"}
{"text": "The ORCID iDs are missing for the second, third, fourth, and fifth author. Please see the authors\u2019 respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1321-1718).Author Nicolas Sironi\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-1321-1718 (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3355).Author Olivier Glaizot\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0001-9116-3355 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8011-4600).Author Romain Pigeault\u2019s ORCID iD is 0000-0002-8011-4600 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-7002).Author Philippe Christe\u2019s ORCID iD is 0000-0002-8605-7002 ("}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessments\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Monkeypox cases in the UK imported by travellers returning from Nigeria, 2018Date of publication: 21 September 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-monkeypox-cases-uk-imported-travellers-returning-nigeria\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Cholera outbreak in Algeria, 2018Date of publication: 7 September 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-cholera-outbreak-algeria-2018\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Severe respiratory disease associated with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), 22nd updateDate of publication: 29 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-severe-respiratory-disease-associated-middle-east-11\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Early large increase in West Nile virus infections reported in the EU/EEA and EU neighbouring countriesDate of publication: 13 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-early-large-increase-west-nile-virus-infections-reported\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Ebola virus disease outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri Provinces, Democratic Republic of the CongoDate of publication: 9 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-ebola-virus-disease-outbreak-north-kivu-and-ituri-provinces\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Public health risks related to communicable diseases during the 2018 Hajj, Saudi Arabia, 19\u201324 August 2018Date of publication: 2 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-public-health-risks-related-communicable-diseases-during-0\u00a0Rapid outbreak assessment: Multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Agona infections possibly linked to ready-to-eat foodDate of publication: 26 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-outbreak-assessment-multi-country-outbreak-salmonella-agona-infections\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Carbapenemase-producing (OXA-48) Klebsiella pneumoniae ST392 in travellers previously hospitalised in Gran Canaria, SpainDate of publication: 11 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-carbapenemase-producing-oxa-48-klebsiella-pneumoniae-st392\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Dengue outbreak in R\u00e9union, FranceDate of publication: 6 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-dengue-outbreak-reunion-france-0\u00a0Listeria monocytogenes serogroup IVb, multi-locus sequence type 6, infections linked to frozen corn and possibly to other frozen vegetables \u2013 first updateRapid risk assessment: Multi-country outbreak of Date of publication: 3 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-multi-country-outbreak-listeria-monocytogenes-serogroup-ivb\u00a0Scientific advice\u00a0Public health guidance on prevention and control of blood-borne viruses in prison settingsDate of publication: 23 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/public-health-guidance-prevention-control-bloodborne-viruses-prison-settings\u00a0Technical reports\u00a0Monitoring the use of whole-genome sequencing in infectious disease surveillance in Europe 2015\u20132017Date of publication: 18 September 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monitoring-use-whole-genome-sequencing-infectious-disease-surveillance-europe\u00a0Generic protocol on enhanced surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease at the EU/EEA levelDate of publication: 12 September 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/generic-protocol-enhanced-surveillance-invasive-pneumococcal-disease-eueea-level\u00a0Hepatitis B and C epidemiology in selected population groups in the EU/EEADate of publication: 11 September 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hepatitis-b-and-c-epidemiology-selected-population-groups-eueea\u00a0Handbook on tuberculosis laboratory diagnostic methods in the European Union - Updated 2018Date of publication: 29 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/handbook-tuberculosis-laboratory-diagnostic-methods-european-union-updated-2018\u00a0Synergies in community and institutional public health emergency preparedness for tick-borne diseases in SpainDate of publication 23 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/synergies-community-and-institutional-public-health-emergency-preparedness-tick\u00a0Synergies in community and institutional public health emergency preparedness for tick-borne diseases in the NetherlandsDate of publication 23 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/synergies-community-and-institutional-public-health-emergency-preparedness-tick-0\u00a0Synergies in community and institutional public health emergency preparedness for tick-borne diseases in Spain and the NetherlandsDate of publication 23 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/synergies-community-and-institutional-public-health-emergency-preparedness-tick-1\u00a0ECDC country preparedness activities, 2013-2017Date of publication: 21 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-country-preparedness-activities-2013-2017\u00a0Fifth external quality assessment scheme for Listeria monocytogenes typingDate of publication: 21 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/fifth-external-quality-assessment-scheme-listeria-monocytogenes-typing\u00a0Strategy for the external quality assessment of public health microbiology laboratoriesDate of publication: 30 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/strategy-external-quality-assessment-public-health-microbiology-laboratories\u00a0ECDC study protocol for genomic-based surveillance of carbapenem-resistant and/or colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae at the EU levelDate of publication: 23 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-study-protocol-genomic-based-surveillance-carbapenem-resistant-andor\u00a0Systematic review on the prevention and control of blood-borne viruses in prison settingsDate of publication: 23 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/systematic-review-prevention-and-control-blood-borne-viruses-prison-settings\u00a0Surveillance reports\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, September 2018Date of publication: 14 September 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-september-2018\u00a0Gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance in Europe, 2016Date of publication: 30 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/gonococcal-antimicrobial-susceptibility-surveillance-europe-2016\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, July 2018Date of publication: 21 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-july-2018\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, August 2018Date of publication: 13 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-august-2018\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, June 2018Date of publication: 18 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-june-2018\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, July 2018Date of publication: 13 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-july-2018\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, May 2018Date of publication: 2 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-may-2018\u00a0Annual Epidemiological Report series on communicable diseases in Europe\u00a0Poliomyelitis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 30 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/poliomyelitis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Tetanus - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 29 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/tetanus-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Mumps - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 28 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/mumps-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0HIV and AIDS - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 21 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hiv-and-aids-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Haemophilus influenzae - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 10 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/haemophilus-influenzae-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Invasive meningococcal disease - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 9 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/invasive-meningococcal-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Invasive pneumococcal disease - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 8 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/invasive-pneumococcal-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Legionnaires\u2019 disease - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 8 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/legionnaires-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Escherichia coli (STEC/VTEC) infection - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Shiga-toxin/verocytotoxin-producing Date of publication: 6 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/shiga-toxinverocytotoxin-producing-escherichia-coli-stecvtec-infection-annual\u00a0Brucellosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 6 August 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/brucellosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Lymphogranuloma venereum - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 16 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/lymphogranuloma-venereum-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Diphtheria - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 16 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/diphtheria-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Tick-borne encephalitis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 16 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/tick-borne-encephalitis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Pertussis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 16 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/pertussis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Syphilis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 16 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/syphilis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Gonorrhoea - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 16 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/gonorrhoea-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Chlamydia infection - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 16 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/chlamydia-infection-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Congenital syphilis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 16 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/congenital-syphilis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Antimicrobial resistance (EARS-Net) - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2014Date of publication: 3 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/antimicrobial-resistance-ears-net-annual-epidemiological-report-2014\u00a0Hepatitis B - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 2 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hepatitis-b-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Hepatitis C - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 2 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hepatitis-c-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Public health guidance\u00a0European Union Standards for Tuberculosis Care - 2017 updateDate of publication: 12 September 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/european-union-standards-tuberculosis-care-2017-update\u00a0Mission reports\u00a0ECDC country visit to Belgium to discuss antimicrobial resistance issuesDate of publication: 11 July 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-country-visit-belgium-discuss-antimicrobial-resistance-issues\u00a0Corporate publications\u00a0Achievements, challenges and major outputs 2017: Highlights from the Annual Report of the DirectorDate of publication: 29 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/achievements-challenges-and-major-outputs-2017-highlights-annual-report-director\u00a0Annual Report of the Director \u2013 2017Date of publication: 29 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/annual-report-director-2017\u00a0ECDC communicable disease threats reportDate of publication: every Fridayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/threats-and-outbreaks/reports-and-data/weekly-threats\u00a0Scientific peer-reviewed publicationsPublications by ECDC staff in scientific journalsUpdated monthlyhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data?f%5b0%5d=output_types%3A1247"}
{"text": "Aging is associated with impaired mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation (MFO) due to unknown mechanisms, and interventions are lacking. We hypothesized that impaired MFO in aging occurs due to Glutathione-deficiency and tested this in a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind clinical-trial in 24 older-humans (71.1y) and 12 young-controls (25.5y) using calorimetry, muscle-biopsy and tracer-protocols. Older-humans received either GlyNAC (Glycine 1.33mmol/kg/d and N-acetylcysteine 0.83mmol/kg/d as Glutathione precursors) or isonitrogenous-placebo for 16-weeks; young-controls received GlyNAC for 2-weeks. Compared to young-controls, older humans had significantly lower Glutathione, impaired MFO, lower gait-speed and physical-function, and higher oxidative-stress, inflammation and insulin-resistance. GlyNAC supplementation in older-humans significantly improved and restored MFO; increased gait-speed  and physical-function; and decreased oxidative-stress (TBARS 80%), inflammation , and insulin-resistance (HOMA-IR 68%), but young-controls were unaffected. These data provide proof-of-concept that GlyNAC supplementation could improve the health of older-humans by correcting Glutathione-deficiency and mitochondrial-defects to improve gait-speed, oxidative-stress, inflammation and insulin-resistance."}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessments\u00a0Multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Poona infections linked to consumption of infant formulaDate of publication: 12 March 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-outbreak-assessment-multi-country-outbreak-salmonella-poona-infections\u00a0Outbreak of VIM-producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa linked to medical tourism to MexicoDate of publication: 11 March 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-outbreak-vim-producing-carbapenem-resistant-pseudomonas\u00a0Rift Valley fever outbreak in Mayotte, FranceDate of publication: 8 March 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-rift-valley-fever-outbreak-mayotte-france\u00a0Ebola virus disease outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri Provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 third updateDate of publication: 14 February 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/risk-assessment-ebola-virus-outbreak-north-kivu-and-ituri-third-update\u00a0Technical reports\u00a0Operational tool on rapid risk assessment methodology - ECDC 2019Date of publication: 14 March 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/operational-tool-rapid-risk-assessment-methodology-ecdc-2019\u00a0Escherichia coliEighth external quality assessment scheme for typing of Shiga toxin-producing Date of publication: 28 February 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/eighth-external-quality-assessment-scheme-typing-shiga-toxin-producing\u00a0Laboratory manual for carbapenem and colistin resistance detection and characterisation for the survey of carbapenem- and/or colistin-resistant EnterobacteriaceaeDate of publication: 18 February 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/laboratory-manual-carbapenem-and-colistin-resistance-detection-and\u00a0European external quality assessment programme for influenza virus 2018Date of publication: 11 February 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/european-external-quality-assessment-programme-influenza-virus-2018\u00a0HIV Estimates Accuracy Tool manualDate of publication: 31 January 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hiv-estimates-accuracy-tool-manual\u00a0Expert consensus protocol on colistin resistance detection and characterisation for the survey of carbapenem- and/or colistin-resistant EnterobacteriaceaeDate of publication: 14 January 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/expert-consensus-protocol-colistin-resistance-detection-and-characterisation\u00a0Expert consensus protocol on carbapenem resistance detection and characterisation for the survey of carbapenem- and/or colistin-resistant EnterobacteriaceaeDate of publication: 14 January 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/expert-consensus-protocol-carbapenem-resistance-detection-and-characterisation\u00a0External quality assessment for the detection of Bordetella pertussis by PCR, 2018Date of publication: 11 January 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/external-quality-assessment-detection-bordetella-pertussis-pcr-2018\u00a0Point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals - ECDC PPS validation protocol version 3.1.2.Date of publication: 10 January 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/point-prevalence-survey-healthcare-associated-infections-and-antimicrobial-use-4\u00a0Surveillance reports\u00a0Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe, 2019Date of publication: 19 March 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/tuberculosis-surveillance-and-monitoring-europe-2019\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, March 2019Date of publication: 8 March 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-march-2019\u00a0Gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance in Europe, 2017Date of publication: 28 February 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/gonococcal-antimicrobial-susceptibility-surveillance-europe-2017\u00a0The European Union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2017Date of publication: 26 February 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/european-union-summary-report-antimicrobial-resistance-zoonotic-and-indicator-5\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, February 2019Date of publication: 8 February 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-february-2019\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, December 2018Date of publication: 21 January 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-december-2018\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, January 2019Date of publication: 11 January 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-january-2019\u00a0Annual Epidemiological Report series on communicable diseases in Europe\u00a0Published in March: \u00a0Chapter on Salmonellosis for 2016https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/salmonellosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Chapter on West Nile virus infection for 2016https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/west-nile-virus-infection-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Chapter on Creutzfeldt\u2212Jakob disease for 2016https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Published in February: \u00a0Chapter on HIV infection and AIDS for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hiv-infection-and-aids-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Rabies for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rabies-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Rift Valley fever for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rift-valley-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on trichinellosis for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/trichinellosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on trichinellosis for 2016https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/trichinellosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Chapter on plague for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/plague-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever-cchf-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on malaria for 2016 https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/malaria-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Published in January:\u00a0Chapter on zoonotic influenza for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/zoonotic-influenza-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on hepatitis A for 2016 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hepatitis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Chapter on Legionnaires\u2019 disease for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/legionnaires-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on cholera for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/cholera-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on tularaemia for 2016 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/tularaemia-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Chapter on congenital syphilis for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/congenital-syphilis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Q fever for 2016 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/q-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Chapter on chlamydia infection for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/chlamydia-infection-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Mission reports\u00a0ECDC country visit to Norway to discuss antimicrobial resistance issuesDate of publication: 16 January 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-country-visit-norway-discuss-antimicrobial-resistance-issues\u00a0Corporate publications\u00a0Single programming document 2019\u20132021Date of publication: 11 January 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/single-programming-document-2019-2021\u00a0ECDC communicable disease threats reportDate of publication: every Fridayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/threats-and-outbreaks/reports-and-data/weekly-threats\u00a0Scientific peer-reviewed publicationsPublications by ECDC staff in scientific journalsUpdated monthlyhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data?f%5b0%5d=output_types%3A1247"}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessments\u00a0Ebola virus disease outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri Provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo - sixth updateDate of publication: 7 August 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-ebola-virus-disease-outbreak-north-kivu-and-ituri-1\u00a0Ebola virus disease outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri Provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 fifth updateDate of publication: 19 July 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/RRA-ebola-virus-disease-outbreak-DRC-fifth-update\u00a0Public health risks related to communicable diseases during the Hajj 2019, Saudi Arabia, 9\u201314 August 2019Date of publication: 2 July 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-public-health-risks-related-communicable-diseases-during-1\u00a0Technical reports\u00a0Options for national testing and surveillance for hepatitis E virus in the EU/EEA - Operational guidanceDate of publication: 5 September 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/options-national-testing-and-surveillance-hepatitis-e-virus-eueea-operational\u00a0Developing a national strategy for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infectionsDate of publication: 4 September 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/developing-national-strategy-prevention-and-control-sexually-transmitted\u00a0Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial susceptibility testingEuro-GASP external quality assessment scheme for Date of publication: 3 September 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/euro-gasp-external-quality-assessment-scheme-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-antimicrobial\u00a0EMIS-2017 \u2013 The European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet SurveyDate of publication: 29 August 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/emis-2017-european-men-who-have-sex-men-internet-survey\u00a0Listeria monocytogenes typingSixth external quality assessment scheme for Date of publication: 26 August 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/sixth-external-quality-assessment-scheme-listeria-monocytogenes-typing\u00a0The use of evidence in decision making during public health emergenciesDate of publication: 26 July 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/use-evidence-decision-making-during-public-health-emergencies\u00a0Investigation and public health management of people with possible Ebola virus disease infectionDate of publication: 19 July 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/investigation-and-public-health-management-people-possible-ebola-virus-disease\u00a0Syphilis and congenital syphilis in Europe - A review of epidemiological trends (2007\u20132018) and options for responseDate of publication: 12 July 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/syphilis-and-congenital-syphilis-europe-review-epidemiological-trends-2007-2018Surveillance reports\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, September 2019Date of publication: 13 September 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-september-2019\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, July 2019Date of publication: 3 September 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-july-2019\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, August 2019Date of publication: 9 August 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-august-2019\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, July 2019Date of publication: 19 July 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-july-2019\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, June 2019Date of publication: 15 July 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-june-2019\u00a0Mission reportsCountry visit to Estonia to discuss policies relating to antimicrobial resistanceDate of publication: 16 September 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-and-european-commission-country-visit-estonia-discuss-policies-relating\u00a0Annual Epidemiological Report series on communicable diseases in Europe\u00a0Published in July: \u00a0Chapter on tick-borne encephalitis for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/tick-borne-encephalitis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Zika virus disease for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/zika-virus-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on malaria for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/malaria-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Ebola and Marburg fevers for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ebola-and-marburg-fevers-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on hantavirus for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hantavirus-infection-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on tularaemia for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/tularaemia-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on syphilis for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/syphilis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Corporate publicationAchievements, challenges and major outputs 2018: Highlights from the Annual Report of the DirectorDate of publication: 28 August 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/achievements-challenges-and-major-outputs-2018-highlights-annual-report-director\u00a0ECDC communicable disease threats reportDate of publication: every Fridayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/threats-and-outbreaks/reports-and-data/weekly-threats\u00a0Scientific peer-reviewed publicationsPublications by ECDC staff in scientific journalsUpdated monthlyhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data?f%5b0%5d=output_types%3A1247"}
{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-18722-y, published online 10 January 2018Correction to: The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete.\u201cThis work was supported by the Ministry of the Republic of China to S.D. (Contract Nos NSC-103-2113-M-110-010 and MOST-104-2113-M-110-006) and K.C. (Contract No. NSC-102-2313-B-022-002), NSYSU-NKMU Joint Research Project 106-P016, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21327001 and 11375147 to Z.C.), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Grant No. 2016J01078 and 2017J05011 to H.C.) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 20720160125 to X.C.).\u201dshould read:\u201cThis work was supported by the Ministry of the Republic of China to S.D. (Contract Nos NSC-103-2113-M-110-010 and MOST-104-2113-M-110-006) and K.C. (Contract No. NSC-102-2313-B-022-002), NSYSU-NKMU Joint Research Project 106-P016, the National Natural Science Foundation of China , the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Grant No. 2016J01078 and 2017J05011 to H.C.) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 20720160125 to X.C.).\u201d"}
{"text": "There are errors in the Author Contributions. The correct contributions are: Conceptualization: JFM JAL KD KJS. Data curation: SAB ELM LM. Formal analysis: SAB ELM. Funding acquisition: JFM JAL KD KJS. Investigation: SAB ELM LM. Methodology: SAB ELM LM KJS. Project administration: SAB ELM LM. Resources: KJS. Supervision: JFM JAL KD KJS. Visualization: KJS. Writing\u2013original draft: SAB. Writing\u2013review & editing: ELM LM JFM JAL KD AJJ PMA KJS.The ORCID iDs are missing for the second, third, fourth, fifth, and ninth authors. Please see the authors\u2019 respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6180-418X).Author E. L. McConnell\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-6180-418X (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5989-0763).Author L. McKerr\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0001-5989-0763 (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9726-3736).Author J. F. McClelland\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0001-9726-3736 (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5242-8066).Author J. A. Little\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0001-5242-8066 (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-5731).Author K. J. Saunders\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0002-9289-5731 ("}
{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-018-19853-6, published online 23 January 2018Correction to: This Article contains an error in the Author Contributions section.\u201cThis work has been funded by projects AYA2013-48623-C2-2, FIS2013-41057-P, CGL2013-46862-C2-1-P and SAF2015-65878-R from the Spanish Ministerio de Economa y Competitividad and PrometeoII/2014/086, PrometeoII/2014/060 and PrometeoII/2014/065 from the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain).\u201dshould read:\u201cThis work has been funded by projects AYA2016-81065-C2-2, FIS2013-41057-P, CGL2013-46862-C2-1-P and SAF2015-65878-R from the Spanish Ministerio de Economa y Competitividad and PrometeoII/2014/086, PrometeoII/2014/060 and PrometeoII/2014/065 from the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain).\u201d"}
{"text": "The correct reference is: Xu Z, Lv X-A, Wang J-W, Chen Z-P, Qiu H-S. Predictive value of early decreased plasma ghrelin level for three-month cognitive deterioration in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. Peptides. 2014;54:180\u20135. doi:"}
{"text": "Royal Society Open Science would like to thank all reviewers who contributed their time and expertise by refereeing manuscripts submitted throughout 2018. From previous feedback, we know that most reviewers value recognition of their efforts by the journal and through services such as Publons which are integrated with Royal Society Open Science.The Editors of To provide an opportunity for recognition, we list the names of all reviewers (unless they have opted out). This article is made permanent and citeable by its digital object identifier (DOI). We encourage you to quote your contribution in your applications for tenure, promotion and grants, or other forms of assessment. Where you have provided it, we have included your ORCID, so your contribution can be unambiguously assigned to you.The team greatly appreciate all the work our reviewers do on behalf of the journal, and we look forward to working with you again in 2019.Dentz MWhitney FR\u00edos Chel\u00e9n Ahttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-2157Stockhausen W Li HSachdev AMuthusamy SCubillos JXue Zhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-9244Blumstein D Wilkinson FMurthy YVVSFordyce REBorregaard MCarpenter GGreen JPhan RWaters Ahttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-4446Liu Y Dhaliwal GSWu Xhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6628-1816Weihmann T Huang Mhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5660-1727Smith M http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9019-6040Ellis S http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-4694Saravanan R Wichmann SSutton GMicheli DScaglion ROvercast IRuan JSun XAli EXu WIacolina LMoon BSteinbauer MJLinko Vhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4323-1824Benton M Morrill LDinovitser Ahttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5875-8875Scelza B 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{"text": "Retraction Note: Trialshttps://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-13-157The Editors-in-Chief are retracting this article . After p"}
{"text": "Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary is a federal, marine protected area located off the central coast of California, USA. Understanding biodiversity, and how it is changing, is necessary to effectively manage the sanctuary. The large size of this sanctuary, which contains a variety of habitats and is influenced by several water masses, provides for a diverse fish fauna. The central California coast has a rich history of ichthyological research and surveys, contributing to a unique repository of information on fish diversity. Herein, we provide a checklist of fishes that occur within the sanctuary, including justification for each species. Ancillary record information including name-bearing type specimens, historic species, cold- or warm-water event species, introduced species, and occurrence at Davidson Seamount or Elkhorn Slough are also provided. This represents the first comprehensive annotated checklist of 507 fishes known to occur within the sanctuary. In addition, 18 species are considered to be extralimital. This annotated checklist of fishes can be used by those interested in zoogeography, marine protected areas, ichthyology, regional natural history, and sanctuary management. MBNMS or sanctuary) is a federal, marine protected area located off the central coast of California, USA ; early institutions involved in specimen collections and subsequent study ; and the more recent expansion of marine research institutions in central California. These early and recent surveys, preserved specimen collections, and scientific publications provide a wealth of information to create an inventory of fishes that occur within MBNMS.A comprehensive inventory of fish species occurring within MBNMS is unavailable. Disparate lists are available for subsets of fishes, including commonly occurring species, fished species, and species within a particular habitat of MBNMS e.g., . We creaWe first generated a draft list of fishes that should occur within MBNMS based on regional guidebooks and checklists of fishes, including: In an effort to provide defensible justification for each species, we considered the following sources as basis for inclusion, in order of importance: 1) museum specimen; 2) publication; and/or 3) expert-verified visual record. In addition, we followed a general rule for inclusion: the occurrence of any life history stage of the species within the current boundaries of MBNMS .MBARI) online Deep Sea Guide (To determine a basis for inclusion (if any), we investigated ichthyological collections at natural history museum collections with online databases including California Academy of Sciences, Stanford University, Scripps Institution of Oceanography at University of California San Diego, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Burke Museum at University of Washington, and the Smithsonian Institution\u2019s National Museum of Natural History. In addition, we consulted the Moss Landing Marine Laboratories fish collection, which is primarily a teaching resource. Where records were few and/or questionable, we examined specimens that were readily accessible to confirm identification. If museum specimens were lacking, we then consulted publications, where primary sources of peer-reviewed scientific literature carried the most weight. Finally, if taxonomic experts could verify species from imagery , we sparingly used these visual record(s) for basis. With technological advancements, video observations of deep-sea species are on the rise. Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute\u2019s , and larval specimens were stored as uncatalogued specimens at Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), La Jolla, California.In addition, we conducted a midwater trawl survey during May 2015 aboard NOAA Ship \u201cBell M. Shimada\u201d, which included the following areas of MBNMS: Davidson Seamount, Sur Ridge, Monterey Canyon, and off Monterey . Juvenile and adult specimens were deposited at The checklist is organized in taxonomic order, following \"Fishes of the World\" , unless Terms used to describe species inclusion are defined below. Symbolic museum codes used in the checklist are listed in Table Museum specimens: Specimens were collected within MBNMS and catalogued at a natural history museum. Specimens listed do not necessarily represent all catalogued specimens occurring within MBNMS, but merely as examples to provide a basis for inclusion. We attempted to list three records (where available); and for those records to span a geographical range of occurrence within MBNMS, identified by known experts. Records are listed in alphabetical order, according to museum symbolic code  notated in checklist as follows: Author (year) .Visual records: Species observed with imagery (video or photo) and verified by expert or authority. Year of collection may be noted, especially if it occurred during an unusual oceanographic event. Visual record(s) are listed in checklist as institution code and dive number .Several species occurring within MBNMS are anadromous . Records of species occurring in fresh or brackish water (adjacent to MBNMS) are included where no marine records are available, because part of the life cycle requires movement between fresh and marine water bodies, thereby traversing MBNMS waters.Type specimens: Name-bearing type specimens  collected within MBNMS. Type specimen(s) are listed in checklist as name-bearing type .Historic specimens: Specimen(s) collected many years before present, but not known from recent years; and not otherwise collected during unusual oceanographic events .Warm-water events: Specimen(s) collected during, or soon after, unusually warm-water events , but otherwise unknown or rare during normal oceanographic conditions. Several references were consulted to determine the occurrence of warm-water events, including Cold-water events: Specimen(s) collected during, or soon after, unusually cold-water events , but otherwise unknown or rare during normal oceanographic conditions. Several references were consulted to determine the occurrence of cold-water events, including Davidson Seamount area: Known to occur within the Davidson Seamount Management Zone of MBNMS . Extralimital species are not considered part of the primary checklist, and are listed separately.The annotated checklist includes 507 fish species, representing 325 genera and 148 families (Table Oncorhynchusgorbuscha); Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchusketa); Spotted Sand Bass ; Salema ; California Corbina (Menticirrhusundulatus); Garibaldi (Hypsypopsrubicundus); and Pacific Sandfish (Trichodontrichodon). These species have not been observed within MBNMS for many years, and/or have rarely been observed. Their recent rarity can be attributed to local extinction , or otherwise a northern or southern species that has rarely been observed in sanctuary waters. Although rarely observed or not observed for some time, they could potentially occur again and remain on the checklist.Seven species are considered historic: Pink Salmon (Rhincodontypus) was reported during several cold-water events . The 49 species occurring during warm-water events do not necessarily occur solely during warm-water events , but they are more likely to be observed at these times ; Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteusaculeatus); Yellowfin Goby ; Arrow Goby (Clevelandiaios); and Longjaw Mudsucker (Gillichthysmirabilis). The Davidson Seamount Management Zone occurs far offshore and the fish fauna there is influenced by oceanic water masses to the north and west, such as the Subarctic-Transitional and Central Pacific water masses. The 83 species occurring at Davidson Seamount are not restricted to the seamount and occur elsewhere in deep-sea or oceanic habitats.Species occurring within two specific habitats of the sanctuary, Elkhorn Slough and Davidson Seamount, are noted due to the uniqueness of each habitat compared to the rest of MBNMS. Of the 507 species in MBNMS, 79 species are found in the Elkhorn Slough area, and 83 species in the Davidson Seamount area. The majority of these species are not restricted to these habitats within MBNMS, although Elkhorn Slough may be the exception. This is not surprising due to the mixture of brackish and saltwater habitats, and the life history requirements of some species. Elkhorn Slough also provides habitat for marine species from nearshore waters to feed, mate, and spawn . Five spAlosasapidissima); Threadfin Shad (Dorosomapetenense); Striped Bass (Moronesaxatilis); Barred Knifejaw (Oplegnathusfasciatus); and Yellowfin Goby (Acanthogobiusflavimanus). The Barred Knifejaw is the most recent introduction to MBNMS , and it remains to be seen if it will establish itself as a viable resident.Five species are non-native, that were either purposefully or inadvertently introduced to California: American Shad (Scopelosaurusadleri); lanternfish (Lampanyctustenuiformis); Spotted Sand Bass ; and California Corbina (Menticirrhusundulatus). Reservation with the first two of these species is due to lack of confidence with identification; the latter two are categorized as historic and/or occurring during warm-water events, and evidence is scant (see checklist for explanation). We include these species on the checklist with the basis as cited.Four species are listed with reservation: waryfish  and Spotted Turbot (Pleuronichthysritteri). Both errors were based on misidentifications in the field that were then perpetuated in the literature. Once these sorts of mistakes occur and are repeated, these myths become difficult to eradicate. Our purpose in emphasizing these examples is to shed light on such problems and resolve these misrepresentations. First, the northern limit for Ophidionscrippsae has been reported as \u201cCentral California\u201d  and from a depth greatly exceeding its known bathymetric limit. The accessioned specimens (UW 47375) were examined by RN Lea and re-determined as Spotted Cusk-eel (Chilarataylori), with both location and depth well within the limits for Chilarataylori. The known northern limit for Ophidionscrippsae is off the vicinity of Point Arguello  and the maximum confirmed depth is 135 m . Similarly, the northern limit for Pleuronichthysritteri was reported off Northern California , a species relatively common within MBNMS. Pleuronichthysritteri is primarily a southern California\u2013Baja California shallow water species  that occurred within today\u2019s MBNMS boundaries. Those interested in zoogeography of fishes may be interested in historic and recent occurrence information for fishes within MBNMS. In addition, warm-water and cold-water event information is included to help explain potentially temporary occurrence patterns, or sporadic events. An inventory of known sanctuary resources is a basic requirement of the National Marine Sanctuaries Act (NMSA) of 1972, as amended (16 U.S.C. \u00a7 1431 et seq.). Species inventories provide evidence of occurrence and estimates of species richness. Establishing an inventory is a crucial first step to further identify those species that are endemic, threatened, introduced (provided herein), or socio-economically important, information which may be useful for sanctuary managers. It is our hope that this checklist will be useful for many readers and serve as a model for species inventories for the National Marine Sanctuary System.Eptatretusdeani . Black Hagfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 39879 ; CAS-ICH 42563 ; MLMLF0003 .Eptatretusstoutii . Pacific Hagfish. Museum specimens: MLMLF0007 ; CAS-SU 58418 ; CAS-SU 66927 .Entosphenustridentatus . Pacific Lamprey. Museum specimens: MLMLF0010 ; MLMLF0011 ; CAS-SU 11299 .Hydrolaguscolliei . Spotted Ratfish. Described from Monterey. Museum specimens: Type material ; CAS-ICH 51176 ; CAS-SU 10829 ; CAS-SU 62378 . Publication: Hydrolaguscf.trolli Didier and S\u00e9ret, 2002. Pointy-nosed Blue Chimaera. Publications: Hydrolagustrolli until morphometric data and/or DNA samples from preserved specimens have been collected and analyzed. Common name follows Heterodontusfrancisci . Horn Shark. Described from \u2018Bay of Monterey, Cal.\u2019. Museum specimens: Type material ; USNM 112106 . Publication: Rhincodontypus Smith, 1828. Whale Shark. Publication: Alopiasvulpinus . Common Thresher Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 65976 ; MLMLF0024 .Cetorhinusmaximus . Basking Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 2224 ; CAS-ICH 26246 . Publications: Carcharodoncarcharias . White Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26245 ; CAS-ICH 26308 ; CAS-ICH 26678 . Publication: Isurusoxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810. Shortfin Mako. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 53202 ; CAS-ICH 55473 . Categorized as occurring during warm-water events .Lamnaditropis Hubbs and Follett, 1947. Salmon Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26710 ; CAS-SU 12656 . Publication: Pentanchidae, and assigned the content of Pentanchinae  as in Scyliorhinidae.Based on molecular data and morphology, Apristurusbrunneus . Brown Cat Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37479 ; CAS-ICH 37512 ; MLMLF0028 .Apristuruskampae Taylor, 1972. Longnose Cat Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 58482 ; CAS-ICH 58487 ; MLMLF0030 . Publication: Cephaloscylliumventriosum . Swell Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18050 ; CAS-ICH 52983 .Parmaturusxaniurus . Filetail Cat Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37499 ; CAS-ICH 37513 ; MLMLF0036 .Galeorhinusgaleus . Tope. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 55475 ; MLMLF0040 ; CAS-SU 4148 .Musteluscalifornicus Gill, 1864. Gray Smoothhound. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 13158 ; CAS-ICH 65045 ; MLMLF0043 . Publications: Mustelushenlei . Brown Smoothhound. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 40629 ; MLMLF0046 ; MLMLF047 .Triakissemifasciata Girard, 1855. Leopard Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 13162 ; CAS-ICH 75994 ; MLMLF0050 . Publications: Prionaceglauca . Blue Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 65086 ; SIO 62-413 ; CAS-SU 53183 . Publication: Hexanchusgriseus . Bluntnose Sixgill Shark. Museum specimens: MLMLF0014 ; CAS-SU 13291 ; CAS-SU 49011 .Notorynchuscepedianus . Broadnose Sevengill Shark. Museum specimen: CAS-SU 40909 . In addition, 15 collections from San Francisco Bay are accessioned at California Academy of Sciences; which presumably traversed MBNMS waters.Echinorhinuscookei Pietschmann, 1928. Prickly Shark. Museum specimens: MLMLF0068 ; UF 41736 .Squalussuckleyi . Pacific Spiny Dogfish. Museum specimens: MLMLF0064 ; MLMLF0065 ; CAS-SU 58376 .Somniosuspacificus Bigelow and Schroeder, 1944. Pacific Sleeper Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 53524 ; MLMLF0061 ; MLMLF0062 . Publication: Squatinacalifornica Ayres, 1859. Pacific Angel Shark. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 65090 ; MLMLF0069 .Tetronarcecalifornica . Pacific Electric Ray. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37472 ; CAS-SU 21416 ; CAS-SU 58396 . Previously recognized as Torpedocalifornica. We follow Catalog of Fishes . Shovelnose Guitarfish. Described from Monterey. Museum specimens: Syntype (USNM 1009); CAS-ICH 65978 ; MLMLF0079 . Publications: Rhinobatosproductus. We follow Catalog of Fishes . Broad Skate. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 58604 . Publication: A.badia may be junior synonym of A.hyperborea. Proposed change is unresolved and not widely accepted; we do not accept revision at this time. Common name follows Beringrajabinoculata . Big Skate. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 12875 ; CAS-ICH 40328 ; CAS-ICH 47407 ; MLMLF0104 .Beringrajainornata . California Skate. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 232351 ; CAS-SU 4032 ; CAS-SU 23988 . Previously recognized as Rajainornata. We follow Catalog of Fishes . Longnose Skate. Described from Monterey Bay and San Francisco Bay. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-ICH 39891 ; CAS-SU 61651 . Publication: Rajarhina. We follow Catalog of Fishes . Starry Skate. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Paratypes ; CAS-ICH 26919 ; CAS-ICH 224344 ; CAS-SU 13288 . Publication: Rajastellulata. We follow Catalog of Fishes . Deepsea Skate. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 38013 ; CAS-ICH 58481 . Publication: Bathyrajaaleutica . Aleutian Skate. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 243646 .Bathyrajakincaidii . Sandpaper Skate. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 39852 ; CAS-ICH 58485 ; CAS-SU 5434 . Previously recognized as B.interupta. We follow Bathyraja. California records previously identified as B.interrupta now deemed to be B.kincaidii; B.interrupta not known south of Bering Sea.Bathyrajatrachura . Roughtail Skate. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 47392 ; CAS-ICH 56106 ; CAS-ICH 58486 . Common name follows Platyrhinoidistriseriata . Thornback. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 20586 and CAS-ICH 63204 ; MLMLF0074 . Publication: Rajiformes.Urobatishalleri . Round Stingray. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 20587 and CAS-ICH 31371 ; MLMLF0116 . Publications: Pteroplatytrygonviolacea . Pelagic Stingray. Publication: Myliobatiscalifornica Gill, 1865. Bat Ray. Museum specimens: MLMLF0113 ; CAS-SU 47326 . Publications: Acipensermedirostris Ayres, 1854. Green Sturgeon. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 53083 ; CAS-SU 55089 . Anadromous.Acipensertransmontanus Richardson, 1836. White Sturgeon. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 82295 . Although museum specimens were not collected within MBNMS, this is an anadromous species that enters the ocean (adjacent MBNMS) during its life cycle.Albulagilberti Pfeiler and van der Heiden, 2011. Cortez Bonefish. Museum specimens (under old name Albulavulpes): CAS-SU 13034 ; CAS-SU 35301 .Aldrovandiacf.oleosa Sulak 1977. halosaur. Publications: Aldrovandia sp.). Visual record: MBARI/NOAA T427-11 . Specimen observed at Davidson Seamount (video) confirmed to genus by GM Cailliet (MLML) and R Rosenblatt (SIO); unable to identify to species level. However, A.oleosa is the only halosaur and known species of Aldrovandia from the eastern North Pacific. No official common name.Notacanthuschemnitzii Bloch, 1788. Snubnosed Spiny Eel. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 58441 ; SIO 85-52 ; SIO 88-99 . Publication: SYNAPHOBRANCHIDAE sp. 1. cutthroat eel. Publications: Synaphobranchidae in MBNMS and may represent a new species . Pacific Snake Eel. Museum specimen: MLMLF0139 . Ophichthuszophochir Jordan and Gilbert, 1882. Yellow Snake Eel. Museum specimen: MLMLF0140 . This species is rather common in southern California waters . Blackline Snipe Eel. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 56233 .Nemichthysscolopaceus Richardson, 1848. Slender Snipe Eel. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 216851 .Facciolellaequatorialis . Dogface Witch Eel. Visual records: CSUMB Dive 75-T1 . Publication: Cyemaatrum G\u00fcnther, 1878. Bobtail Eel. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 63700 . Publication: Saccopharynxlavenbergi Nielsen and Bertelsen, 1985. Whiptail Gulper. Visual records: MBARI T622-07 and MBARI V2869-05 ; CAS-ICH 211630 ; CAS-ICH 232634 ; SWFSC uncatalogued . Publication: Alosasapidissima . American Shad. Museum specimens: KU 23736 ; MLMLF0146 ; SIO 05-88 . Introduced from the Atlantic; anadromous ; CAS-SU 58410 ; CAS-SU 60786 . Publication: Dorosomapetenense . Threadfin Shad. Publication: Etrumeusacuminatus Gilbert, 1890. Round Herring. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 59626 ; CAS-SU 14165 . Publication: Etrumeusteres (now known to be restricted to eastern North Atlantic). We follow naming convention of Catalog of Fishes . Pacific Sardine. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 54931 ; CAS-SU 58378 ; SWFSC uncatalogued .Argentina sialis Gilbert, 1890. Pacific Argentine. Museum specimens: MLMLF0167 and MLMLF0168 ; CAS-SU 35311 ; CAS-SU 49737 .Microstoma sp. (Pacific species). pencilsmelt. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239292 ; SIO 67-102 ; CAS-SU 49800 . Recognized by some researchers as Microstomamicrostoma. We follow Microstoma sp.). No official common name.Nanseniacandida Cohen, 1958. Bluethroat Argentine. Museum specimen: LACM-36264.001 .Microstomatidae include: Bathylagoides, Leuroglossus, Lipolagus, and Pseudobathylagus. We follow Catalog of Fishes . Snubnose Blacksmelt. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-SU 32971); Paratypes ; CAS-ICH 239291 ; SIO 67-102 . Publications: Bathylaguspacificus Gilbert, 1890. Pacific Blacksmelt. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 54824 ; CAS-ICH 55061 ; CAS-ICH 98332 .Leuroglossusstilbius Gilbert, 1890. California Smoothtongue. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239320 and CAS-ICH 239348 ; SIO 67-102 .Lipolagusochotensis . Popeye Blacksmelt. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239374 ; SIO 11-250 ; SIO 85-57 ; SWFSC uncatalogued .Pseudobathylagusmilleri . Robust Blacksmelt. Museum specimens: SIO 67-102 ; SWFSC uncatalogued .Bathylychnopsexilis Cohen, 1958. Javelin Spookfish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 74351 .Dolichopteryxlongipes . Brownsnout Spookfish. Museum specimen: UW 113807 .Macropinnamicrostoma Chapman, 1939. Barreleye. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 48781 ; MLMLF0200 ; SWFSC uncatalogued . Publications: Alepocephalustenebrosus Gilbert, 1892. California Slickhead. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 42921 ; MLMLF0202 ; MLMLF0204 ; CAS-SU 65825 .Talismaniabifurcata . Threadfin Slickhead. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36776 ; CAS-ICH 59661 .Holtbyrnialatifrons Sazonov, 1976. Streaklight Tubeshoulder. Museum specimens: MLMLF0211 ; SIO 67-112 .Mentoduseubranchus . tubeshoulder. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 239349 . This is the first known record of occurrence within MBNMS . No official common name.Sagamichthysabei Parr, 1953. Shining Tubeshoulder. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 73324 ; MLMLF0217 ; SIO 87-16 ; SWFSC uncatalogued .Allosmeruselongatus . Whitebait Smelt. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 46529 Half Moon Bay, M Hearne); CAS-SU 58426 ; USNM 86558 .Hypomesuspretiosus . Surf Smelt. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25756 ; CAS-SU 58391 .Spirinchusstarksi . Night Smelt. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25470 ; CAS-ICH 212344 ; MLMLF0221 ; CAS-SU 60470 . Publication: Spirinchusthaleichthys . Longfin Smelt. Museum specimens: ANSP 7726 ; CAS-SU 5215 .Thaleichthyspacificus . Eulachon. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37473 ; CAS-ICH 54942 ; MLMLF0226 .Oncorhynchusgorbuscha . Pink Salmon. Categorized as Historic. O.gorbuscha were collected from San Lorenzo River (Santa Cruz Co) in 1916; appears in San Lorenzo River only occasionally; is far out of natural range; strays have been taken in the Sacramento River. More recently, O.gorbuscha today are considered extremely rare in California and must be regarded as extirpated from the state.Oncorhynchusketa . Chum Salmon. Categorized as Historic. O.keta were collected from San Lorenzo River (Santa Cruz Co) in 1916; and have been reported from the Sacramento River. More recently, O.keta were historically present in streams from the Sacramento River north; a few fish are still taken in the Sacramento drainage, but no spawning has been recorded in recent decades; it has become increasingly rare in California, probably always uncommon; no recent records of chum salmon at northern Sacramento River drainage or San Joaquin drainage; considered endangered in California; and population in Sacramento River is extirpated.Oncorhynchuskisutch . Coho Salmon. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 20840 ; CAS-ICH 21044 and CAS-ICH 21048 ; CAS-ICH 210251 ; CAS-ICH 210273 ; CAS-SU 4667 . Publication: Oncorhynchusmykiss . Rainbow Trout (Steelhead). Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 23343 ; CAS-SU 15095 ; USNM 27356 . Publication: Oncorhynchustshawytscha . Chinook Salmon. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 225433 ; MLMLF0230 ; CAS-SU 65851 . Publications: Cyclothoneacclinidens Garman, 1899. Benttooth Bristlemouth. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239350 ; MLMLF0231 and MLMLF0232 ; SIO 67-102 .Cyclothoneatraria Gilbert, 1905. Black Bristlemouth. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239321 and CAS-ICH 239351 ; SIO 67-102 .Cyclothonepallida Brauer, 1902. Tan Bristlemouth. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36750 ; CAS-ICH 97657 ; CAS-ICH 97660 .Cyclothonepseudopallida Mukhacheva, 1964. Slender Bristlemouth. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239322 and CAS-ICH 239352 ; CAS-ICH 239362 .Cyclothonesignata Garman, 1899. Showy Bristlemouth. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239353 ; MLMLF0238 ; SIO 67-102 .Gonostomaatlanticum Norman, 1930. Atlantic Fangjaw. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 239304 .Argyropelecusaffinis Garman, 1899. Slender Hatchetfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239354 ; SIO 67-102 .Argyropelecushemigymnus Cocco, 1829. Spurred Hatchetfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239331 and CAS-ICH 239355 ; SIO 67-102 .Argyropelecuslychnus Garman, 1899. Tropical Hatchetfish. Museum specimens: MLMLF0255 ; SWFSC uncatalogued .Argyropelecussladeni Regan, 1908. Lowcrest Hatchetfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239356 ; MLMLF0258 ; SIO 67-112 . Common name follows Danaphosoculatus . Bottlelight. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239295 and CAS-ICH 239357 ; SIO 67-102 .Sternoptyxdiaphana Hermann, 1781. Longspine Hatchetfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36778 ; CAS-ICH 54992 ; MLMLF0265 .Sternoptyxobscura Garman, 1899. Dusky Hatchetfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239386 ; MLMLF0268 ; CAS-SU 63852 .Vinciguerrialucetia . Panama Lightfish. Museum specimen: MLMLF0278 . Specimen re-examined by RN Lea, 2018; 29.5 mm SL.Aristostomiasscintillans . Shiny Loosejaw. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 75808); CAS-ICH 239365 ; CAS-SU 58424 ; CAS-SU 64323 . Publication: Bathophilusflemingi Aron and McCrery, 1958. Highfin Dragonfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36762 , CAS-ICH 56236 ; CAS-SU 63582 .Chauliodusmacouni Bean, 1890. Pacific Viperfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36779 ; CAS-ICH 239333 ; CAS-ICH 239366 ; SIO 67-102 .Idiacanthusantrostomus Gilbert, 1890. Pacific Blackdragon. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36746 and CAS-ICH 36782 ; CAS-ICH 239316 ; CAS-ICH 239367 ; SIO 67-102 .Stomiasatriventer Garman, 1899. Blackbelly Dragonfish. Museum specimens: SIO 89-167 ; SIO 78-115  included here due to close proximity of MBNMS and other record.Tactostomamacropus Bolin, 1939. Longfin Dragonfish. Described from off Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-SU 33325); CAS-ICH 15012 ; CAS-ICH 36740 ; CAS-ICH 239297 ; SIO 67-102 . Publication: Synoduslucioceps . California Lizardfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18218 ; CAS-ICH 79997 ; CAS-SU 12604 .Scopelosaurusadleri . Longfin Waryfish. Listed with reservation. Museum specimens: SWFSC uncatalogued . Larger specimen identified as S.adleri according to pigment characters in Scopelosaurus sp.; pigment characters don\u2019t quite fit those given by S.adleri or S.harryi, but are closest to S.adleri. This species has a broad distribution in the northern Pacific Ocean, including California . Scaly Waryfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36764 ; SIO 74-14 .Benthalbelladentata . Northern Pearleye. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 83254 ; CAS-ICH 239368 ; SIO 67-112 .Alepisaurusferox Lowe, 1833. Longnose Lancetfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26078 ; CAS-ICH 26776 . Publications: Anotopterusnikparini Kukuev, 1998. North Pacific Daggertooth. Museum specimen: SIO 06-16 . Previously recognized in family Paralepididae (barracudinas). We follow Catalog of Fishes . White Barracudina. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 49270 ; CAS-SU 49271 .Lestidiopsringens . Slender Barracudina. Museum specimens: MLMLF0316 ; SIO 67-112 ; SIO 74-14 .Lestidiopssphyraenopsis Hubbs, 1916. Smalleye Barracudina. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18728 ; CAS-SU 35171 . Common name follows Magnisudisatlantica . Duckbill Barracudina. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 41868 .Bathysaurusmollis G\u00fcnther, 1878. Highfin Lizardfish. Publication: Synodontidae (lizardfishes). We follow Catalog of Fishes . Dogtooth Lampfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239298 and CAS-ICH 239334 ; SIO 67-102 .Diaphustheta Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890. California Headlightfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239307 ; CAS-ICH 239369 ; CAS-ICH 239389 ; SIO 67-102 .Diogenichthysatlanticus . Longfin Lanternfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239336 ; SIO 74-14 ; CAS-SU 63873 .Lampanyctussteinbecki Bolin, 1939. Longfin Lampfish. Museum specimens: SIO 74-14 ; SIO 89-182 ; SIO 89-184 .Lampanyctustenuiformis . lanternfish. Listed with reservation. Museum specimens: SIO 89-165, SIO 89-167, SIO 89-168 and SIO 96-193 . L.tenuiformis is apparently widespread in the eastern Pacific Ocean, but with few specimens taken is either uncommon or not captured. A large number of SIO specimens are available; however, we consider suspect due to rarity. We tentatively include here, understanding specimens may be misidentified. No official common name.Nannobrachiumregale . Pinpoint Lampfish. Museum specimens: MLMLF0389 ; SIO 67-102 ; SWFSC uncatalogued .Nannobrachiumritteri (Broadfin Lampfish. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 75807); CAS-ICH 239308 ; CAS-ICH 239370 ; SIO 67-102 . Publication: mritteri . BroadfiParviluxingens Hubbs and Wisner, 1964. Giant Lampfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 63859 ; MLMLF0397 ; SIO 87-16 .Protomyctophumcrockeri . California Flashlightfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239326 ; CAS-ICH 239377 ; SIO 67-102 .Protomyctophumthompsoni . Northern Flashlightfish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 203156 .Stenobrachiusleucopsarus  Northern Lampfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239359 ; CAS-ICH 239371 ; CAS-ICH 239378 ; SIO 67-102 .Symbolophoruscaliforniensis . California Lanternfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239301 ; MLMLF0412 ; SIO 89-174 . Common name follows Taaningichthyspaurolychnus Davy, 1972. Dimlight Lampfish. Museum specimens: Paratypes .Tarletonbeaniacrenularis . Blue Lanternfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239392 ; MLMLF0420 ; SIO 67-102 .Triphoturusmexicanus . Mexican Lampfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 239360 ; CAS-ICH 239372 ; CAS-SU 66290 .Lamprisincognitus . Smalleye Pacific Opah. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 29716 ; CAS-ICH 53013 ; CAS-ICH 53015 . Publication: Lamprisguttatus , including a description of the new species Lamprisincognitus . Visual record: MBARI D668-01 ; CAS-ICH 58607 ; MLMLF0433 ; CAS-SU 13080 . Publication: Coelorinchusscaphopsis . Shoulderspot Grenadier. Museum specimen: SIO 88-127 .Coryphaenoidesacrolepis . Pacific Grenadier. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18780 ; CAS-ICH 42566 ; CAS-ICH 65080 ; CAS-SU 17980 . Publication: Coryphaenoidesarmatus . Abyssal Grenadier. Publication: Coryphaenoidescinereus . Popeye Grenadier. Museum specimens: UW 41685 . Threadfin Grenadier. Publication: Coryphaenoidesleptolepis G\u00fcnther, 1877. Ghostly Grenadier. Publication: Coryphaenoidespectoralis . Giant Grenadier. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 34356 ; CAS-ICH 51589 ; MLMLF0459 . Visual records: MBARI/NOAA T943-03 ; MBARI D621 . Previously recognized as Albatrossiapectoralis. We follow Coryphaenoides.Malacocephaluslaevis . Softhead Grenadier. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 55884 ; UW 41690 . Smooth Grenadier. Museum specimen: CAS-SU 5351 . Publication: Nezumiastelgidolepis . California Grenadier. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 30457 ; CAS-ICH 31509 ; CAS-ICH 32309 . Publication: Antimoramicrolepis Bean, 1890. Pacific Flatnose. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 34353 and CAS-ICH 34354 ; CAS-SU 5276 . Publication: Halargyreusjohnsonii G\u00fcnther, 1862. Slender Codling. Museum specimen: UW 48729 . Common name follows Physiculusnematopus Gilbert, 1890. Charcoal Codling. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 241419 . This account documents the first verifiable record of this species from outside the Panamic biogeographic province. The specimen was collected by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, F/V Donna Kathleen, on 25 Mar 2013, using fish traps while conducting juvenile rockfish surveys in Monterey Bay. The fish was given to RNL for identification as an unusual capture. Upon examination it was obvious as Physiculus and would have been easy to assume it as Physiculusrastrelliger, Hundred-fathom Codling; the species known from the eastern North Pacific and occasionally encountered off California. However, during routine analysis it became apparent that it was not P.rastrelliger and was in fact P.nematopus. Data relating to the specimen including characteristics distinguishing it from P.rastrelliger: 173 mm TL; 155 mm SL; 62.1 g; caudal area injured, hence second dorsal fin, anal fin soft-ray, and caudal fin counts were not possible \u2013 confirmed by x-ray; first Dorsal fin IX; Pectoral fin left 24; Pelvic fins 6, filamentous (7 in P.rastrelliger); Gill rakers left 3+13=16 . Physiculus.Physiculusrastrelliger Gilbert, 1890. Hundred-fathom Codling. Museum specimens: MLMLF0486 ; SIO 09-200 .Merlucciusproductus . Pacific Hake. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26079 ; CAS-ICH 81648 ; CAS-SU 65856 .Gaduschalcogrammus Pallas, 1814. Walleye Pollock. Publications: Gadusmacrocephalus Tilesius, 1810. Pacific Cod. Museum specimens: MLMLF0467 and MLMLF0468 . Publications: Microgadusproximus . Pacific Tomcod. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25447 ; MLMLF0469 ; UMMZ 56377 .Chilarataylori . Spotted Cusk-eel. Described from Monterey. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-ICH 31773 ; CAS-ICH 81604 ; CAS-ICH 236552 ; CAS-SU 64112 . Publications: Lamprogrammusniger Alcock, 1891. Paperbone Cusk-eel. Museum specimen: UW 47396 .Luciobrotula sp. A. cusk-eel. Publications: Spectrunculusgrandis . Giant Cusk-eel. Publications: Brosmophycismarginata . Red Brotula. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 80641 ; SIO 89-194 .Cataetyxrubrirostris Gilbert, 1890. Rubynose Brotula. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36749, CAS-ICH 36771, and CAS-ICH 36792 . Publications: Porichthysnotatus Girard, 1854. Plainfin Midshipman. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 23406 ; CAS-ICH 233552 ; CAS-SU 58446 . Publication: Lophiodesspilurus . Threadfin Goosefish. Museum specimen: LACM 43535.001 . Publication: Chaunacopscoloratus . gaper. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 216055 . Publications: Melanocetusjohnsonii G\u00fcnther, 1864. Blackdevil. Museum specimen: UW 48693 . Visual record: MBARI D695 . No official common name.Himantolophussagamius . Pacific Footballfish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 57639 . Publication: Chaenophrynelongiceps Regan, 1925. dreamer. Museum specimens: SIO 98-115 ; USNM 150087 . No official common name.Chaenophrynemelanorhabdus Regan and Trewavas, 1932. Smooth Dreamer. Museum specimens: SIO 96-75 off ; SIO 97-128 . Common name follows Cryptopsarascouesii Gill, 1883. Triplewart Seadevil. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 73320 . Publication: Mugilcephalus Linnaeus, 1758. Striped Mullet. Museum specimens: SBMNH 1800 ; USNM 26796 . Visual records: unpublished data ; unpublished data . Found in warm seas . Topsmelt. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 45119 ; CAS-SU 55244 ; CAS-SU 58401 . Publication: Atherinopsiscaliforniensis Girard, 1854. Jacksmelt. Museum specimens: MLMLF0546 ; CAS-SU 47508 ; CAS-SU 58399 . Publication: Leuresthestenuis . California Grunion. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 42072 ; CAS-ICH 54825 ; SIO 45-56 . Publications: Cheilopogonpinnatibarbatus . Smallhead Flyingfish. Publication: Strongyluraexilis . California Needlefish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 64942 . Publication: Cololabissaira . Pacific Saury. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18215 ; CAS-ICH 25629 ; MLMLF0555 . Visual record: Melamphaeslugubris Gilbert, 1890. Highsnout Bigscale. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36796 ; SIO 67-102 ; SWFSC uncatalogued . We collected a larval specimen of Melamphaes sp. from Davidson Seamount during 2015, that was provisionally identified by W Watston  as Melamphaescf.parvus. Identification follows Melamphaesparvus; however, not in good enough condition to be certain. This species is known to occur off California . Crested Bigscale. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36752 ; CAS-ICH 239361 ; SIO 67-102 . Common name follows Scopelogadusbispinosus . Twospine Bigscale. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 36735 and CAS-ICH 36790 ; SIO 67-102 . Common name follows Anoplogastercornuta . Fangtooth. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 55413 ; SIO 88-99 .Allocyttusfolletti Myers, 1960. Oxeye Oreo. Museum specimens and Publication: CAS-ICH 39087 . Mirror Dory. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 24164 .Aulorhynchusflavidus Gill, 1861. Tubesnout. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 35360 ; CAS-SU 35361 ; CAS-SU 58405 .Gasterosteusaculeatus Linnaeus, 1758. Threespine Stickleback. Museum specimens: OSUM 71680 ; CAS-SU 15026 . Publication: Cosmocampusarctus . Snubnose Pipefish. Museum specimens: SIO 11-335 ; SIO 45-53 .Syngnathuscaliforniensis Storer, 1845. Kelp Pipefish. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 35362 ; CAS-SU 36462 ; CAS-SU 58461 .Syngnathusexilis . Barcheek Pipefish. Museum specimens: SIO 45-56 , SIO 92-135 .Syngnathusleptorhynchus Girard, 1854. Bay Pipefish. Museum specimens: SIO 45-53 and SIO 62-510 ; SIO 93-189 . Publication: Scorpaenaguttata Girard, 1854. California Scorpionfish. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 350); MLMLF0613 . Publications: Sebastesatrovirens . Kelp Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25901 ; CAS-ICH 47396 ; CAS-ICH 56343 . Publications: Sebastesauriculatus Girard, 1854. Brown Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 14803 ; CAS-ICH 40643 ; CAS-ICH 56272 . Publication: Sebastesaurora . Aurora Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37500 ; CAS-ICH 39893 ; CAS-ICH 40033 .Sebastesbabcocki . Redbanded Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 30468 ; CAS-ICH 30735 ; CAS-ICH 38724 .Sebastesborealis Barsukov, 1970. Shortraker Rockfish. Museum specimen: SIO 01-186 .Sebastesbrevispinis . Silvergray Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25997 ; CAS-SU 47300 .Sebastescarnatus . Gopher Rockfish. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-ICH 14735 ; CAS-ICH 27697 . Publication: Sebastescaurinus Richardson, 1844. Copper Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 14734 ; CAS-ICH 27356 ; CAS-ICH 40641 . Publication: Sebasteschlorostictus . Greenspotted Rockfish. Described from deep water at Monterey; obtained at San Francisco market. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-ICH 25991 ; CAS-ICH 47400 . Publication: Sebasteschrysomelas . Black-and-yellow Rockfish. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-SU 15122 ; CAS-ICH 51863 . Publication: Sebastesconstellatus . Starry Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 84359 ; CAS-SU 3236 ; CAS-SU 11488 .Sebastescrameri . Darkblotched Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37537 ; CAS-ICH 47405 ; MLMLF0661 .Sebastesdallii . Calico Rockfish. Described from Monterey; obtained at San Francisco market. Museum specimens: Lectotype ; CAS-ICH 14865 ; CAS-ICH 56949 ; CAS-SU 15102 . Publication: Sebasteseos . Pink Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 39847 ; MLMLF0673 ; SIO 07-183 .Sebastesflavidus . Yellowtail Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26761 ; CAS-SU 4125 ; CAS-SU 11471 .Sebastesgilli . Bronzespotted Rockfish. Publication: Sebastesgoodei . Chilipepper. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 27358 ; CAS-ICH 37521 ; CAS-ICH 40331 .Sebasteshelvomaculatus Ayres, 1859. Rosethorn Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 42549 ; SIO 00-83 ; SIO 98-116 .Sebasteshopkinsi . Squarespot Rockfish. Described from Pacific Grove. Museum specimens: Lectotype . Shortbelly Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25879 ; CAS-ICH 37522 ; CAS-ICH 37504 .Sebasteslevis . Cowcod. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37503 ; CAS-ICH 79580 ; CAS-SU 11492 ; SWFSC uncatalogued .Sebastesmacdonaldi . Mexican Rockfish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 217644 . Publications: Sebastesmaliger . Quillback Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 39857 ; CAS-ICH 51181 ; CAS-SU 11497 .Sebastesmelanops Girard, 1856. Black Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25885 ; CAS-ICH 42368 ; CAS-SU 15133 . Publication: Sebastesmelanostictus . Blackspotted Rockfish. Publication: S.aleutianus (Rougheye Rockfish). Sebastesmelanostictus (Blackspotted Rockfish) ranges from central Japan, through Aleutian Islands and Bering Sea, to southern California, and collected at depths from 84 to at least 490 m. No museum specimens known from MBNMS. Because of previous confusion with species of the Rougheye Rockfish complex, museum specimens may be incorrectly identified. Because of the recent species description and geographic range of examined specimens . Blackgill Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37534 ; CAS-ICH 37539 ; SIO 00-46 .Sebastesminiatus . Vermilion Rockfish. Described from Monterey and Santa Barbara. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-ICH 79586 ; CAS-SU 5552 . Publication: Sebastesmystinus . Blue Rockfish. Museum specimens: Paralectotype ; CAS-ICH 14806 ; CAS-ICH 25884 ; LACM 50157.002 . Publications: Sebastesnebulosus Ayres, 1854. China Rockfish. Museum specimens: SIO 65-355 ; CAS-SU 4149 ; CAS-SU 11549 .Sebastesnigrocinctus Ayres, 1859. Tiger Rockfish. Museum specimen: SIO 91-113 .Sebastesovalis . Speckled Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 47398 ; CAS-ICH 54857 ; CAS-SU 4429 .Sebastespaucispinis Ayres, 1854. Bocaccio. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25878 ; CAS-ICH 40639 ; CAS-ICH 234248 ; SWFSC uncatalogued . Publication: Sebastesphillipsi . Chameleon Rockfish. Publications: Sebastespinniger . Canary Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 10007 ; CAS-SU 10015 ; CAS-SU 11469 .Sebastesproriger . Redstripe Rockfish. Described from Monterey Bay and Farallones. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-ICH 66759 ; CAS-ICH 217645 . Publication: Sebastesrastrelliger . Grass Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 40642 ; CAS-SU 11494 ; CAS-SU 15138 . Publication: Sebastesrosaceus Girard, 1854. Rosy Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 33507 ; CAS-ICH 66327 ; CAS-SU 4154 .Sebastesrosenblatti Chen, 1971. Greenblotched Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 39848 ; MLMLF0772 ; SIO 09-194 .Sebastesruberrimus . Yelloweye Rockfish. Museum specimens: SIO 01-111 ; SIO 09-194 ; CAS-SU 4380 .Sebastesrubrivinctus . Flag Rockfish. Described from Monterey and Santa Barbara. Museum specimens: Syntypes [USNM 26989 (5)]; MLMLF0776 ; MLMLF0777 . Publication: Sebastesrufus . Bank Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 47379 ; CAS-ICH 47394 ; CAS-ICH 51854 .Sebastessaxicola . Stripetail Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37481 ; CAS-ICH 51855 ; CAS-ICH 56273 .Sebastessemicinctus . Halfbanded Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 42551 ; SIO 85-154 ; SIO 85-155 .Sebastesserranoides . Olive Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 40657 ; CAS-ICH 42366 ; CAS-ICH 56954 ; CAS-SU 15135 .Sebastesserriceps . Treefish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 79585 ; CAS-SU 11767 ; USNM 110781 .Sebastessimulator Chen, 1971. Pinkrose Rockfish. Museum specimens: SIO 00-58 ; SIO 85-73 ; SIO 96-71 .Sebastesumbrosus . Honeycomb Rockfish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 14990 .Sebasteswilsoni . Pygmy Rockfish. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 75811); Paratype (CAS-SU 22992); CAS-ICH 15052 ; CAS-ICH 47386 . Publication: Sebasteszacentrus . Sharpchin Rockfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 50020 ; SIO 09-197 ; SIO 96-71 .Sebastolobusalascanus Bean, 1890. Shortspine Thornyhead. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37536 ; CAS-ICH 236649 ; CAS-SU 65811 . Publication: Sebastolobusaltivelis Gilbert, 1896. Longspine Thornyhead. Museum specimens: SIO 67-102 ; CAS-SU 5270 ; CAS-SU 63869 ; CAS-SU 65816 .Prionotusstephanophrys Lockington, 1881. Lumptail Searobin. Museum specimens: KU 23710 ; MLMLF0818 . Publication: Anoplopomafimbria . Sablefish. Museum specimens: SIO 05-89 ; SIO 67-108 ; SIO 85-154 ; SIO 91-113 . Publication: Erilepiszonifer . Skilfish. Described from Monterey. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 27111); CAS-ICH 27079 ; CAS-ICH 39596 . Publications: Hexagrammosdecagrammus . Kelp Greenling. Museum specimens: MLMLF0830 ; CAS-SU 4147 ; CAS-SU 58375 .Hexagrammoslagocephalus . Rock Greenling. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 21233 ; LACM 3109 ; UMMZ 63675 .Ophiodonelongatus Girard, 1854. Lingcod. Museum specimens: MLMLF0836 ; SIO 62-269 ; SIO 67-108 ; SIO 84-46 . Publication: Oxylebiuspictus Gill, 1862. Painted Greenling. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 19581 ; CAS-ICH 21234 ; CAS-ICH 39456 .Pleurogrammusmonopterygius . Atka Mackerel. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25733 ; CAS-SU 47173 ; Publication: Zaniolepisfrenata Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889. Shortspine Combfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 40333 ; CAS-ICH 46371 ; USNM 148501.5223298 .Zaniolepislatipinnis Girard, 1858. Longspine Combfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 12497 ; CAS-ICH 42561 ; CAS-SU 16001 .Rhamphocottusrichardsonii G\u00fcnther, 1874. Grunt Sculpin. Museum specimens: MLMLF0854 ; SIO 00-49 ; SIO 01-79 .Artediuscorallinus . Coralline Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 39853 ; CAS-ICH 51861 ; CAS-SU 35364 .Artediusfenestralis Jordan and Gilbert, 1883. Padded Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 21726 and CAS-ICH 21914 ; SIO 07-185 . Other records occur to the north of MBNMS, including CAS-ICH 27315 . Specimens south of San Francisco Bay were re-examined. Yankee Point specimen (KU 12802) re-determined as Clinocottusanalis by William Leo Smith . Diablo Canyon specimens (LACM 31700-004) re-determined as Artediusharringtoni  by Rick Feeney . Southern-most records are from San Francisco Bay. We include here, because they presumably traversed MBNMS waters from the north.Artediusharringtoni . Scalyhead Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 41715 ; MLMLF0862 ; CAS-SU 40884 .Artediuslateralis . Smoothhead Sculpin. Described from Monterey and San Luis Obispo. Museum specimen: Syntype (location of Monterey specimen unknown); MLMLF0864 and MLMLF0865 ; MLMLF0866 . Publication: Artediusnotospilotus Girard, 1856. Bonyhead Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 50403, 50411 ; MLMLF0869 ; CAS-SU 3852 .Ascelichthysrhodorus Jordan and Gilbert, 1880. Rosylip Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 17861 ; CAS-ICH 20237 ; CAS-SU 49539 .Chitonotuspugetensis . Roughback Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 7360 ; CAS-ICH 12531 ; CAS-ICH 216330 ; MLMLF0881 .Clinocottusacuticeps . Sharpnose Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 216269 ; CAS-ICH 225290 ; LACM 35299.003 .Clinocottusanalis . Wooly Sculpin. Described from Monterey. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-ICH 7371 ; CAS-ICH 11964 ; CAS-ICH 32984 . Publication: Clinocottusembryum . Calico Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 78466 ; CAS-SU 35394 ; CAS-SU 58467 .Clinocottusglobiceps . Mosshead Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25280 ; CAS-ICH 216419 ; CAS-SU 58415 .Clinocottusrecalvus . Bald Sculpin. Described from Pacific Grove. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-SU 6068); CAS-ICH 25279 ; CAS-ICH 216412 ; CAS-SU 16013 . Publication: Enophrysbison . Buffalo Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37545 ; MLMLF0903 ; CAS-SU 35329 .Enophrystaurina Gilbert, 1914. Bull Sculpin. Described from Monterey Bay, near Pacific Grove. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 75064); CAS-ICH 66760 ; CAS-ICH 232701 . Publication: Hemilepidotushemilepidotus . Red Irish Lord. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 35284 ; SIO 72-86 ; UMMZ 63379 .Hemilepidotusspinosus Ayres, 1854. Brown Irish Lord. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18855 ; CAS-ICH 28471 ; CAS-ICH 36410 .Icelinusburchami Evermann and Goldsborough, 1907. Dusky Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 234831 ; SIO 01-117 ; SIO 99-80 .Icelinuscavifrons Gilbert, 1890. Pit-head Sculpin. Museum specimens: LACM 52245.014 ; LACM 52277.008 and CAS-SU 64410 .Icelinusfilamentosus Gilbert, 1890. Threadfin Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37505 ; CAS-ICH 37518 ; CAS-ICH 42547 ; CAS-SU 23070 .Icelinusfimbriatus Gilbert, 1890. Fringed Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 16145 ; CAS-SU 40922 ; CAS-SU 58419 .Icelinusoculatus Gilbert, 1890. Frogmouth Sculpin. Museum specimens: SIO 97-126 ; SIO 99-41 ; SIO 99-81 .Icelinusquadriseriatus Lockington, 1880. Yellowchin Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 7364 ; CAS-ICH 12780 ; CAS-SU 40925 .Icelinustenuis Gilbert, 1890. Spotfin Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37520 ; CAS-SU 21348 ; CAS-SU 58456 .Jordaniazonope Starks, 1895. Longfin Sculpin. Museum specimens: LACM 52248.018 ; SIO 72-86 ; CAS-SU 35331 .Leptocottusarmatus Girard, 1854. Pacific Staghorn Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 48200 ; CAS-SU 15028 ; CAS-SU 47497 . Publication: Oligocottusmaculosus Girard, 1856. Tidepool Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18832 (Moss Beach: RR Harry); CAS-ICH 25276 ; CAS-SU 4244 .Oligocottusrimensis . Saddleback Sculpin. Described from Point Lobos. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-SU 6067); CAS-ICH 47384 ; CAS-ICH 48465 ; CAS-ICH 212726 . Publication: Oligocottusrubellio . Rosy Sculpin. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-SU 6066); CAS-ICH 212628 ; CAS-SU 35342 ; CAS-SU 40944 ; CAS-SU 48926 . Publication: Oligocottussnyderi Greeley, 1898. Fluffy Sculpin. Described from Pacific Grove. Museum specimens: Lectotype ; CAS-ICH 51862 ; CAS-ICH 56947 . Publication: Radulinusasprellus Gilbert, 1890. Slim Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37496 ; SIO 60-430 ; SIO 98-113 .Radulinusboleoides Gilbert, 1898. Darter Sculpin. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 40889 ; MLMLF0951 .Ruscariuscreaseri . Roughcheek Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 30460 ; LACM 52248.005 ; SIO 72-86 .Scorpaenichthysmarmoratus . Cabezon. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 7365 ; CAS-ICH 11037 ; CAS-ICH 32990 . Publication: Synchirusgilli Bean, 1890. Manacled Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 47391 ; CAS-ICH 216550 ; CAS-SU 15521 .Zesticelusprofundorum . Flabby Sculpin. Museum specimens: MLMLF0967 ; SIO 85-69 ; CAS-SU 25277 . Publication: Blepsiascirrhosus . Silverspotted Sculpin. Museum specimens: LACM 47917.001 ; SIO 50-193A ; SIO 73-220 .Nautichthysoculofasciatus . Sailfin Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25890 and CAS-ICH 31066 ; LACM 7939 ; LACM 52248.025 .Agonomalusmozinoi Wilimovsky and Wilson, 1979. Kelp Poacher. Museum specimens: Paratype ; CAS-ICH 64652 ; SIO 09-291 . Publication: Hypsagonusmozinoi. We follow Agonomalus.Agonopsissterletus . Southern Spearnose Poacher. Museum specimen: UCLA W 66-67 . Another specimen (SIO 94-123) collected from nearby Morro Bay; therefore, locality is probable.Agonopsisvulsa . Northern Spearnose Poacher. Museum specimens: MLMLF0975 ; MLMLF0976 ; CAS-SU 63622 .Bathyagonuspentacanthus . Bigeye Poacher. Museum specimens: SIO 91-115 ; CAS-SU 16708 ; CAS-SU 64401 .Bothragonusswanii . Rockhead. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 16152 ; CAS-ICH 23946 ; LACM 52245.006 .Chesnoniaverrucosa . Warty Poacher. Museum specimens: UCLA W 59-135 ; USNM 48731.5269927 .Odontopyxistrispinosa Lockington, 1880. Pygmy Poacher. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 12347 ; CAS-ICH 18651 ; SIO 50-193A .Stellerinaxyosterna . Pricklebreast Poacher. Described from Santa Cruz beach at Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype [USNM (not found)]; other material [USNM 27173 and USNM 27395 ]; CAS-ICH 216557 ; MLMLF0995 . Publication: Xeneretmuslatifrons . Blacktip Poacher. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37497 ; LACM 30233.002 ; CAS-SU 3650 .Xeneretmusleiops Gilbert, 1915. Smootheye Poacher. Museum specimens: SIO 19-119 ; SIO 97-122 ; SIO 99-41 .Xeneretmustriacanthus . Bluespotted Poacher. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 14270 ; SIO 60-430 ; CAS-SU 69025 .Psychrolutesphrictus Stein and Bond, 1878. Blob Sculpin. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 40740 ; MLMLF0971 . Publications: Bathyphasmaovigerum Gilbert, 1896. Abyssal Snailfish. Publication and Visual record: Careproctusovigerus. We follow naming convention of Catalog of Fishes ]. Visual records: MBARI/NOAA T425-08, MBARI/NOAA T425-09 and MBARI/NOAA T425-10 . Publication: Careproctuslongifilis Garman, 1892. Threadfin Snailfish. Museum specimen and Publication: MBARI 2000321-HFSS11 ; CAS-ICH 55399 ; SIO 97-127 ; SIO 99-81 . Publication and Visual record: Elassodiscuscaudatus . Humpback Snailfish. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 75815); CAS-ICH 29947 . Publications: Liparisflorae . Tidepool Snailfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 11649 ; CAS-ICH 19877 ; CAS-ICH 47388 ; CAS-ICH 30765 .Liparisfucensis Gilbert, 1896. Slipskin Snailfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 45980 ; LACM 7904 ; LACM 52248.02 .Liparismucosus Ayres, 1855. Slimy Snailfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 15044 ; CAS-ICH 59630 ; SIO 67-298 ; SIO 87-99 .Liparispulchellus Ayres, 1855. Showy Snailfish. Museum specimen: MLMLF1022 ; CAS-SU 16021 .Lipariscusnanus Gilbert, 1915. Pygmy Snailfish. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 75817); Paratypes ; MLMLF1024 . Publication: Nectoliparispelagicus Gilbert and Burke, 1912. Tadpole Snailfish. Museum specimens: MBARI V3-13-90 ; CAS-ICH 29950 ; CAS-ICH 35952 ; MLMLF1030 . Publications: Paralipariscephalus Gilbert, 1892. Swellhead Snailfish. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 5232 ; CAS-SU 5254 .Paraliparisdactylosus Gilbert, 1896. Polydactyl Snailfish. Described from \u201coff Santa Cruz\u201d . Museum specimens: Lectotype ; Paralectotypes ; MBARI 2002130-HFSS10 . Publication: Paraliparismento Gilbert, 1892. Bulldog Snailfish. Museum specimen: CAS-SU 22995 . Publication: Paraliparispectoralis Stein, 1978. Pectoral Snailfish. Museum specimen: SIO 92-92 . Common name follows Paraliparisrosaceus Gilbert, 1890. Rosy Snailfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 31496 ; CAS-ICH 34960 ; MLMLF1034 .Paraliparisulochir Gilbert, 1896. Broadfin Snailfish. Museum specimen: CAS-SU 23000 .Rhinoliparisattenuatus Burke, 1912. Slim Snailfish. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 22960 and CAS-SU 22969 . Publication: Rhinoliparisbarbulifer Gilbert, 1896. Longnose Snailfish. Museum specimens: MBARI 2002130-HFSS8 . Striped Bass. Museum specimens: MLMLF1038 ; SIO 54-76 ; USNM 84567 . Publication: Stereolepisgigas Ayres, 1859. Giant Sea Bass. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 58785 ; MLMLF1039 . Publications: Hyporthodusniphobles . Star-studded Grouper. Museum specimens: LACM 38417.001 ; SIO 95-24 . Additional specimen captured west of Bixby Bridge during Oct 1992 and examined by RN Lea; providence unknown. This is a southern species that can move northward during warm-water events. Categorized as occurring during warm-water events .Mycteropercaxenarcha Jordan, 1888. Broomtail Grouper. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 58469 .Paralabraxclathratus . Kelp Bass. Museum specimens: MLMLF1049 ; CAS-SU 5556 ; USNM 110287 . Publications: Paralabraxmaculatofasciatus . Spotted Sand Bass. Listed with reservation; possibly an historic record and/or occurring during warm-water events . Publications: P.maculatofasciatus as \u201cCoast of California and Mexico, from San Francisco to Mazatlan.\u201d P.maculatofasciatus per a sportfish party boat capture in Monterey during Feb 1963 (El Ni\u00f1o occurred during 1957-1959). The specimen was confirmed by Dan Miller , but not accessioned in a museum.The northern limit at Monterey, noted by Paralabraxnebulifer . Barred Sand Bass. Described from Monterey. Museum specimens: Syntypes [USNM 282 (2)]. Publication: Pristigenysserrula . Popeye Catalufa. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 52604 ; CAS-ICH 54924 . Publication: Caulolatilusprinceps . Ocean Whitefish. Publications: Coryphaenahippurus Linnaeus, 1758. Dolphinfish. Publication: Remoraaustralis . Whalesucker. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 26766 .Remoraremora . Remora. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37868 ; SIO 93-197 ; UMMZ 64123 .Caranxcaballus G\u00fcnther, 1868. Green Jack. Museum specimen and Publication: CAS-ICH 54926 . Amberstripe Scad. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 58626 ; CAS-SU 68836 . Publication: Naucratesductor . Pilotfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 54922 ; CAS-SU 15483 .Serioladorsalis . Yellowtail Jack. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 37523 . Previously recognized as Seriolalalandi. We follow naming convention of Catalog of Fishes . Jack Mackerel. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 7559 ; CAS-ICH 66526 ; CAS-SU 48289 ; CAS-SU 58448 . Publication: Bramajaponica Hilgendorf, 1878. Pacific Pomfret. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 39597 .Pteraclisaesticola . Pacific Fanfish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 64200 .Caristiusmacropus . Bigmouth Manefish. Museum specimen: SIO 98-117 .Haemuloncaliforniensis . Salema. Museum specimens: UW 3172 . Publication: Polydactylusapproximans . Blue Bobo. Museum specimen: CAS-SU 35305 . Publications: Atractoscionnobilis . White Seabass. Publication: Genyonemuslineatus . White Croaker. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 19866 ; CAS-ICH 66670 ; MLMLF1086 . Publication: Menticirrhusundulatus . California Corbina. Listed with reservation; possibly an historic record and/or occurring during warm-water events . Publication: Sciaenidae) of California, Seriphuspolitus Ayres, 1860. Queenfish. Museum specimens: ANSP 11543 ; MLMLF1092 ; CAS-SU 4153 . Publications: Girellanigricans . Opaleye. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 66680 ; CAS-ICH 76622 ; CAS-SU 12083 . Publications: Hermosillaazurea Jenkins and Evermann, 1889. Zebraperch. Publication: Kyphosidae, including a name change from Hermosillaazurea to Kyphosusazureus . Blue-bronze Chub. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 56945 . Categorized as occurring during warm-water events . Kyphosusanalogus  a junior synonym of K.vaigiensis .Medialunacaliforniensis . Halfmoon. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 11871 ; CAS-SU 35303 ; CAS-SU 35304 . Publication: Pseudopentaceroswheeleri . North Pacific Armorhead. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26759 ; LACM 45682.001 . North Pacific species is Pseudopentaceroswheeleri and includes records of Pentacerosrichardsoni and Pseudopentacerospectoralis . Barred Knifejaw. Publication and Visual records: Amphistichusargenteus Agassiz, 1854. Barred Surfperch. Museum specimens: MLMLF1108 ; CAS-SU 33423 ; CAS-SU 58374 .Amphistichuskoelzi . Calico Surfperch. Museum specimens: MLMLF1110 ; CAS-SU 5364 ; CAS-SU 34296 .Amphistichusrhodoterus . Redtail Surfperch. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26972 ; CAS-ICH ; MLMLF1111 ; CAS-SU 34289 .Brachyistiusfrenatus Gill, 1862. Kelp Perch. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 2191 ; MLMLF1113 ; CAS-SU 58412 .Cymatogasteraggregata Gibbons, 1854. Shiner Perch. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25476 ; CAS-SU 49531 ; CAS-SU 51276 . Publication: Embiotocacaryi Agassiz, 1853. Rainbow Seaperch. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18204 ; CAS-ICH 25426 ; CAS-SU 58379 . Previously recognized as Hypsuruscaryi . We follow naming convention of Embiotocajacksoni Agassiz, 1853. Black Perch. Museum specimens: MLMLF1117 ; CAS-SU 22477 ; CAS-SU 47496 . Publication: Embiotocalateralis Agassiz, 1854. Striped Seaperch. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 16783 ; CAS-SU 25783 ; CAS-SU 58427 .Hyperprosoponargenteum Gibbons, 1854. Walleye Surfperch. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 58388 ; CAS-SU 58389 ; CAS-SU 58447 . Publication: Hyperprosoponellipticum . Silver Surfperch. Museum specimens: MLMLF1123 ; CAS-SU 34294 ; CAS-SU 58386 .Hypocritichthysanalis . Spotfin Surfperch. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25471 ; CAS-ICH 27641 ; CAS-SU 34299 . Previously recognized as Hyperprosoponanale Agassiz, 1861. We follow naming convention of Micrometrusaurora . Reef Perch. Described from Monterey Bay; obtained from San Francisco market. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-ICH 27642 ; CAS-ICH 212354 ; CAS-SU 48890 . Publication: Micrometrusminimus . Dwarf Perch. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 15995 ; CAS-SU 19316 ; CAS-SU 58411 . Publication: Phanerodonatripes . Sharpnose Seaperch. Described from Monterey Bay and Santa Cruz; obtained from San Francisco market. Museum specimens: Syntypes ; CAS-ICH 51865 . Publications: Phanerodonfurcatus Girard, 1854. White Seaperch. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 20377 ; CAS-ICH 25427 ; CAS-SU 51269 . Publication: Phanerodonvacca . Pile Perch. Museum specimens: LACM 4370 ; LACM 8252 ; CAS-SU 58393 ; UMMZ 142380 . Publication: Damalichthysvacca Girard, 1855. We follow naming convention of Rhacochilustoxotes Agassiz, 1854. Rubberlip Seaperch. Museum specimens: LACM 52230.008 ; MLMLF1136 ; CAS-SU 12034 . Publication: Zalembiusrosaceus . Pink Seaperch. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37178 ; CAS-ICH 37530 ; CAS-SU 19135 .Chromispunctipinnis . Blacksmith. Museum specimens: MLMLF1148 ; CAS-SU 15997 . Publications: Hypsypopsrubicundus , USNM 484 ]. Publications: bicundus . GaribalOxyjuliscalifornica G\u00fcnther, 1861. Se\u00f1orita. Described from Monterey. Museum specimens: Syntypes [USNM 706-707 ]; LACM 4922 ; MLMLF1164 ; CAS-SU 3895 ; CAS-SU 4156 . Publication: Semicossyphuspulcher . California Sheephead. Museum specimen: USNM 110755 . Publications: Rathbunellaalleni Gilbert, 1904. Stripefin Ronquil. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-SU 8415); Paratype [CAS-SU 8416 (Monterey Bay)]; CAS-ICH 57636 ; CAS-SU 23016 . Publications: Ronquilusjordani . Northern Ronquil. Museum specimens: MLMLF1169 ; OS 7632 ; CAS-SU 36071 .Bothrocarabrunneum . Twoline Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25990 ; CAS-ICH 47395 ; CAS-ICH 55411 . Publication: Bothrocaramolle Bean, 1890. Soft Eelpout. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 60291 ; UW 46821 ; UW 113723 .Eucryphycuscalifornicus . Persimmon Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 17623 ; CAS-ICH 38671 . Publication: Lycenchelyscallista Anderson, 1995. eelpout. Described from off Point Sur. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-ICH 55412); Paratypes . Publication: Lycenchelyscamchatica . Kamchatka Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 31495 ; CAS-ICH 55406 and CAS-ICH 56234 . Publication: Lycenchelyscrotalinus . Snakehead Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 55063 and CAS-ICH 55407 ; CAS-ICH 57467 . Previously recognized as Embryxcrotalinus. We follow Catalog of Fishes . Shortjaw Eelpout. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 78979 .Lycenchelysmicropora Andriashev, 1955. Manytoothed Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 234380 ; UW 40727 . Common name follows Lycenchelysmonstrosa Anderson, 1982. eelpout. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 233977 . No official common name.Lycodapusdermatinus Gilbert, 1896. Looseskin Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 31493 ; CAS-ICH 55403 ; MLMLF1187 .Lycodapusfierasfer Gilbert, 1890. Blackmouth Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 35989 ; CAS-ICH 58480 ; CAS-ICH 88443 . Publication: Lycodapusmandibularis Gilbert, 1915. Pallid Eelpout. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 75823); Paratypes . Publications: Lycodapuspachysoma Peden and Anderson, 1981. Stout Eelpout. Museum specimen: UW 47335 . Common name follows Lycodapuspsarostomatus Peden and Anderson, 1981. Specklemouth Eelpout. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 58902 . Common name follows Lycodescortezianus . Bigfin Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37485 ; CAS-ICH 39892 ; MLMLF1171 .Lycodesdiapterus Gilbert, 1892. Black Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 29299 and CAS-ICH 29945 ; CAS-ICH 37489 .Lycodespacificus . Blackbelly Eelpout. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 28873 and CAS-ICH 30881 ; USNM 227179 .Lyconemabarbatum Gilbert, 1896. Bearded Eelpout. Described from outside Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Lectotype ; Paratypes ; MLMLF1212 . Publications: Pachycarabulbiceps . Snubnose Eelpout. Publications: Pachycarakarenae Anderson, 2012. eelpout. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-ICH 233971); Paratypes . Publication: Anoplarchuspurpurescens Gill, 1861. High Cockscomb. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 7507 ; CAS-ICH 25196 ; CAS-ICH 232759 ; CAS-ICH 32985 .Cebidichthysviolaceus . Monkeyface Prickleback. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18297 ; CAS-ICH 18662 ; CAS-ICH 33004 ; CAS-SU 47498 .Chirolophisnugator . Mosshead Warbonnet. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 25893 ; LACM 6608.005 ; LACM 52248.012 ; CAS-SU 64363 .Ernogrammuswalkeri Follett and Powell, 1988. Masked Prickleback. Described from west of San Simeon Point. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-ICH 56198); numerous Paratypes including . Publication: Esselenichthyscarli . Threeline Prickleback. Described from Santa Barbara (holotype), Monterey, and south to Baja California. Museum specimens: Paratype (CAS-ICH 25892); SIO 53-193 . Publication: Kasatkiaseigeli Posner and Lavenberg, 1999. Sixspot Prickleback. Museum specimen: SIO 03-92 .Phytichthyschirus . Ribbon Prickleback. Described from Point Pinos, Pacific Grove. Museum specimens: Lectotype ; CAS-ICH 54642 ; CAS-SU 21199 ; CAS-SU 35302 . Publication: Plectobranchusevides Gilbert, 1890. Bluebarred Prickleback. Museum specimen and Publication: USNM 77460 . Black Prickleback. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 14266 ; CAS-SU 16037 ; CAS-SU 58371 .Xiphistermucosus . Rock Prickleback. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 18705 ; CAS-ICH 18842 ; CAS-SU 16038 ; CAS-SU 48902 .Apodichthysflavidus Girard, 1854. Penpoint Gunnel. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 11948 ; CAS-ICH 25894 ; MLMLF1240 ; CAS-SU 47505 ; CAS-SU 58470 .Apodichthysfucorum. Jordan and Gilbert, 1880. Rockweed Gunnel. Described from Point Pinos. Museum specimens: Lectotype . Saddleback Gunnel. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 20238 and CAS-ICH 20239 ; CAS-SU 63688 .Pholisschultzi Schultz, 1931. Red Gunnel. Museum specimens: LACM 6608.006 ; LACM 7942 ; SIO 72-86 .Ulvicolasanctaerosae Gilbert and Starks, 1897. Kelp Gunnel. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 14989 ; CAS-ICH 39860 ; UCM 6639 .Anarrhichthysocellatus Ayres, 1855. Wolf-eel. Museum specimens: ANSP 25047 ; CAS-ICH 31229 ; CAS-SU 12610 .Zaprorasilenus Jordan, 1896. Prowfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 30693 ; CAS-ICH 47403 ; MLMLF1254 . Publication: Scytalinacerdale Jordan and Gilbert, 1880. Graveldiver. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 52435 ; CAS-SU 58431 ; UMMZ 36955 .Chiasmodonniger Johnson, 1864. Black Swallower. Museum specimens: UW 48697 ; UW 48713 . Publication: Chiasmodonsubniger Garman, 1899. We follow naming convention of Chiasmodonsubniger Garman, 1899 is considered a synonym of Chiasmodonniger Johnson, 1864.Kaliindica Lloyd, 1909. Pacific Sandfish. Museum specimen: UW 48679 .Trichodontrichodon . Pacific Sandfish. Publication: Trichodonlineatus Ayres 1860 is considered a synonym of Trichodontrichodon (Tilesius 1813). The type description of Trichodonlineatus by Ayres (1860) was based on one specimen from a \u201cmarket in San Francisco.\u201d The holotype is presumably lost ; MLMLF1288 ; MLMLF1290 .Kathetostomaaverruncus Jordan and Bollman, 1890. Smooth Stargazer. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 56960 ; CAS-ICH 57637 ; LACM 32181.001 ; MLMLF1293 . Typically a southern species, museum specimens collected shortly after warm water events . Categorized as occurring during warm-water events .Hypsoblenniusgentilis . Bay Blenny. Described from Monterey. Museum specimens: Holotype (USNM 489); CAS-ICH 13710 ; CAS-ICH 243620 ; SIO 93-189 . Publication: Hypsoblenniusgilberti . Rockpool Blenny. Museum specimen: LACM 38727.001 .Hypsoblenniusjenkinsi . Mussel Blenny. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 56607 ; CAS-ICH 242460 . Publication: Gibbonsiaelegans . Spotted Kelpfish. Museum specimens: ANSP 16302 ; CAS-ICH 2190 ; LACM 9950.038 . Typically a southern species, south of Point Piedras Blancas ; CAS-ICH 7554 ; CAS-ICH 27644 ; CAS-ICH 232453 ; CAS-SU 15488 . Publication: Gibbonsiamontereyensis Hubbs, 1927. Crevice Kelpfish. Described from Pacific Grove. Museum specimens: Holotype (UMMZ 55003); CAS-ICH 25194 ; CAS-ICH 37922 ; CAS-SU 48898 . Publication: Heterostichusrostratus Girard, 1854. Giant Kelpfish. Museum specimens: MLMLF1307 ; CAS-SU 5555 ; CAS-SU 15136 .Neoclinusblanchardi Girard, 1858. Sarcastic Fringehead. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 42556 ; MLMLF1314 ; CAS-SU 2288 ; CAS-SU 19183 .Neoclinusstephensae Hubbs, 1953. Yellowfin Fringehead. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 14403 . Visual record: Neoclinusuninotatus Hubbs, 1953. Onespot Fringehead. Museum specimens: Paratypes ; CAS-ICH 26298 . Publications: Icosteusaenigmaticus Lockington, 1880. Ragfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 47399 ; CAS-ICH 53094 ; LACM 32682.001 ; CAS-SU 58300 . Publications: Gobiesoxmaeandricus . Northern Clingfish. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 1681 ; CAS-SU 15212 ; CAS-SU 58434 .Rimicolamuscarum . Kelp Clingfish. Described from Monterey Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (CAS-SU 3030); Paratype [USNM 48875 ]; MLMLF0540 ; MLMLF0542 . Publication: Acanthogobiusflavimanus . Yellowfin Goby. Museum specimens: MLMLF1328 ; MLMLF1329 ; SIO 10-96 . Publication: Clevelandiaios . Arrow Goby. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 19629 ; CAS-SU 15029 ; CAS-SU 58450 . Publication: Gillichthysmirabilis Cooper, 1864. Longjaw Mudsucker. Museum specimens: MLMLF1340 ; MLMLF1341 ; MLMLF1342 . Publications: Lepidogobiuslepidus . Bay Goby. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 56232 ; MLMLF1344 . Publications: Lethopsconnectens Hubbs, 1926. Halfblind Goby. Described from Carmel Bay. Museum specimens: Holotype (UMMZ 63281); Paratypes [UMMZ 63282 (2)]; LACM 52277.01 . Publication: Lythrypnusdalli . Bluebanded Goby. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 54911 . Categorized as occurring during warm-water events .Lythrypnuszebra . Zebra Goby. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 31994 .Rhinogobiopsnicholsii . Blackeye Goby. Museum specimens: MLMLF1350 ; MLMLF1352 ; CAS-SU 15116 .Typhlogobiuscaliforniensis Steindachner, 1879. Blind Goby. Museum specimen: UCLA W 62-92 .Luvarusimperialis Rafinesque, 1810. Louvar. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 13245 ; CAS-SU 14224 .Sphyraenaargentea Girard, 1854. Pacific Barracuda. Museum specimen: USNM 109985 . Publications: Ruvettuspretiosus Cocco, 1833. Oilfish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 54919 . Typically occurs in warmer water; however, can move north during El Ni\u00f1o years. Categorized as occurring during warm-water events .Aphanopusintermedius Parin, 1983. Intermediate Scabbardfish. Museum specimens (previously recognized as A.carbo): CAS-ICH 40254 ; CAS-ICH 42570 ; CAS-ICH 57643 . Common name follows Benthodesmuspacificus Parin and Becker, 1970. North Pacific Frostfish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 30692 .Lepidopusfitchi Rosenblatt and Wilson, 1987. Pacific Scabbardfish. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 67930 .Auxisrochei . Bullet Mackerel. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 56944 . Eastern Pacific population of A.rochei has been described as a subspecies , including record within MBNMS (CAS-ICH 56944). Typically occurs in warmer seas; however, can move north during El Ni\u00f1o years. Categorized as occurring during warm-water events .Katsuwonuspelamis . Skipjack Tuna. Publications: Sardachiliensis . Pacific Bonito. Publications: Scomberjaponicus Houttuyn, 1782. Pacific Chub Mackerel. Museum specimen: UMMZ 176337 . Publications: Scomberomorusconcolor ; USNM 27205 . Publications: concolor . Gulf SiThunnusalalunga . Albacore. Museum specimen: USNM 270550 . Publications: Thunnusalbacares . Yellowfin Tuna. Publication: Thunnusobesus . Bigeye Tuna. Publication: Thunnusorientalis . Pacific Bluefin Tuna. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 213885 . Publications: Xiphiasgladius Linnaeus, 1758. Swordfish. Publication: Kajikiaaudax . Striped Marlin. Publication: Icichthyslockingtoni Jordan and Gilbert, 1880. Medusafish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37491 ; CAS-ICH 218179 ; CAS-ICH 218182 ; SWFSC uncatalogued .Tetragonuruscuvieri Risso, 1810. Smalleye Squaretail. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 14272 ; LACM 9888.001 . Publications: Peprilussimillimus . Pacific Pompano. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 79889 ; MLMLF1387 ; MLMLF1388 ; UMMZ 63402 .Citharichthyssordidus . Pacific Sanddab. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 238635 ; CAS-SU 23735 ; SWFSC uncatalogued ; UAM 730 .Citharichthysstigmaeus Jordan and Gilbert, 1882. Speckled Sanddab. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26296 ; MLMLF1397 ; CAS-SU 23688 ; SWFSC uncatalogued . Publications: Citharichthysxanthostigma Gilbert, 1890. Longfin Sanddab. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 228405 ; NCSM 80806 . Publication: Hippoglossinastomata Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890. Bigmouth Sole. Museum specimen: SIO 05-88 . Publication: Paralichthyscalifornicus . California Halibut. Museum specimens: MLMLF1404 ; MLMLF1405 ; CAS-SU 12176 . Publications: Xystreurysliolepis Jordan and Gilbert, 1880. Fantail Sole. Museum specimen: MLMLF1406 ; Publication: Atheresthesevermanni Jordan and Starks, 1904. Kamchatka Flounder. Museum specimen and Publication: SIO 96-72 . Arrowtooth Flounder. Museum specimen: CAS-ICH 26232 .Clidodermaasperrimum . Roughscale Sole. Museum specimen: SIO 95-23 . Common name follows Embassichthysbathybius . Deepsea Sole. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 5617 ; CAS-ICH 15075 ; CAS-ICH 34349 ; CAS-ICH 42565 .Eopsettajordani . Petrale Sole. Museum specimens: ANSP 16325 ; CAS-ICH 45961 ; USNM 77420 .Glyptocephaluszachirus Lockington, 1879. Rex Sole. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 48187 ; CAS-ICH 233952 ; SIO 67-102 .Hippoglossoideselassodon Jordan and Gilbert, 1880. Flathead Sole. Museum specimens: MLMLF1420 ; SIO 11-32 . Publication: Hippoglossusstenolepis Schmidt, 1904. Pacific Halibut. Publications: Isopsettaisolepis . Butter Sole. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 27646 ; CAS-ICH 39768 .Lepidopsettabilineata . Rock Sole. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 40341 ; MLMLF1422 ; CAS-SU 3606 . Publication: Lyopsettaexilis . Slender Sole. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 16043 and CAS-SU 16044 ; CAS-SU 23698 . Publication: Microstomuspacificus . Dover Sole. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 37533 ; SIO 67-102 ; CAS-SU 18680 ; CAS-SU 25653 .Parophrysvetulus Girard, 1854. English Sole. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26233 ; CAS-SU 16047 ; CAS-SU 58452 . Publications: Platichthysstellatus . Starry Flounder. Museum specimens: CAS-SU 12166 ; CAS-SU 16428 ; CAS-SU 34279 . Publication: Pleuronichthyscoenosus Girard, 1854. C-O Sole. Museum specimen: CAS-SU 58398 .Pleuronichthysdecurrens Jordan and Gilbert, 1881. Curlfin Turbot. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 26081 ; CAS-SU 3605 ; CAS-SU 51270 . Publication: Pleuronichthysguttulatus Girard, 1856. Diamond Turbot. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 23877 ; CAS-SU 4426 ; CAS-SU 58381 . Publication: Pleuronichthysverticalis Jordan and Gilbert, 1880. Hornyhead Turbot. Museum specimens: KU 1620 ; SIO 85-155 ; UF 79823 .Psettichthysmelanostictus Girard, 1854. Sand Sole. Museum specimens: MLMLF1445 ; CAS-SU 4379 ; CAS-SU 12164 ; CAS-SU 58471 (Carmel Beach: JC Briggs). Publication: Symphurusatricaudus . California Tonguefish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 24050 ; MLMLF1449 . Publications: Balistespolylepis Steindachner, 1876. Finescale Triggerfish. Museum specimens: CAS-ICH 33303 ; CAS-ICH 50060 ; CAS-ICH 52482 ; CAS-SU 18100 . Publications: Diodonholocanthus Linnaeus, 1758. Balloonfish. Museum specimen: CAS-SU 52706 . Typically occurs in warm seas; rare off California . Ocean Sunfish. Museum specimens: LACM 55986.001 ; MLMLF1457 . Publication: The geographic ranges for the following 18 species encompass MBNMS boundaries. They are likely to occur within MBNMS; however, no verifiable records occur from within MBNMS. Until further evidence is found, we consider these extralimital species.Bathyrajamicrotrachys . Fine-spined Skate. Known to occur from Washington to \u201csouthern California\u201d . Pacific White Skate. Known to occur from Oregon to Ecuador . Pacific Ocean Perch. Literature indicates the species occurs from central Baja to Bering Sea and Japan  and south . Considered a rare fish, occurring in deep, rocky bottom habitats.Lycodapusendemoscotus Peden and Anderson, 1978. Deepwater Eelpout. Known from lower continental slope waters between British Columbia to northern Mexico and the Gulf of California in depths from 933 to 2,225 m . Twoline Prickleback. Poroclinusrothrocki Bean, 1890. Whitebarred Prickleback. Northeast Pacific records include Alaska, Washington, Oregon, northern California , and one record in San Diego (CAS-SU).Ilypnusgilberti . Cheekspot Goby. Occurs in mud flats of bays . Escolar. Although range occurs from Peru to Washington . Greenland Halibut. Found in the northern part of the Pacific, from Sagami Bay northward, in the Sea of Japan, the Okhotsk Sea, the Bering Sea, and off the Pacific coast of North America south to Mexico . Oceanic Puffer. Published range in eastern Pacific is Galapagos Islands to Alder Creek Beach, Mendocino County; rare off California (lifornia . Five Ca"}
{"text": "The correct name is: Yun-Ming Wang. The correct citation is: Wang K-H, Wang Y-M, Chiu L-H, Chen T-C, Tsai Y-H, Zuo CS, et al. (2018) Optical imaging of ovarian cancer using a matrix metalloproteinase-3-sensitive near-infrared fluorescent probe. PLoS ONE 13(2): e0192047."}
{"text": "The ORCID iDs are missing for the third, fifth, and sixth author. Please see the authors\u2019 respective ORCID iDs here:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3181-8609).Sofia Zettermark\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0003-3181-8609 (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-4165).S. V. Subramanian\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0003-2365-4165 (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8379-9708)Juan Merlo\u2019s ORCID iD is: 0000-0001-8379-9708 ("}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessments\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Influenza-associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, EuropeDate of publication: 30 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-influenza-associated-invasive-pulmonary-aspergillosis\u00a0Staphylococcus epidermidisRapid risk assessment: Multidrug-resistant Date of publication: 8 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-multidrug-resistant-staphylococcus-epidermidis\u00a0Listeria monocytogenes sequence type 8 infections linked to consumption of salmon productsMulti-country outbreak of Date of publication: 25 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/multi-country-outbreak-listeria-monocytogenes-sequence-type-8-infections-linked\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Local transmission of dengue fever in France and SpainDate of publication: 22 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-local-transmission-dengue-fever-france-and-spain\u00a0Rapid risk assessment: Ebola virus disease outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri Provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 first updateDate of publication: 5 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-ebola-virus-disease-outbreak-north-kivu-and-ituri-first-update\u00a0Scientific advice\u00a0Public health guidance in brief on HIV, hepatitis B and C testing in the EU/EEADate of publication: 5 December 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/public-health-guidance-brief-hiv-hepatitis-b-and-c-testing-eueea\u00a0Public health guidance on screening and vaccination for infectious diseases in newly arrived migrants within the EU/EEADate of publication: 5 December 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/public-health-guidance-screening-and-vaccination-infectious-diseases-newly\u00a0Public health guidance on HIV, hepatitis B and C testing in the EU/EEADate of publication: 23 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/public-health-guidance-hiv-hepatitis-b-and-c-testing-eueea\u00a0Programmatic management of latent tuberculosis infection in the European UnionDate of publication: 15 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/programmatic-management-latent-tuberculosis-infection-european-union\u00a0Technical reports\u00a0Hepatitis B and C testing strategies in healthcare and community settings in the EU/EEADate of publication: 11 December 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hepatitis-b-and-c-testing-strategies-healthcare-and-community-settings-eueea\u00a0Best practice recommendations for conducting after-action reviews to enhance public health preparednessDate of publication: 5 December 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/best-practice-recommendations-public-health-preparedness\u00a0Handbook on designing and implementing an immunisation information systemDate of publication: 20 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/designing-and-implementing-immunisation-information-system-handbook\u00a0Retrospective surveillance and enhanced case-finding of congenital rubella syndrome casesDate of publication: 16 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/retrospective-surveillance-and-enhanced-case-finding-congenital-rubella-syndrome\u00a0The importance of vector abundance and seasonalityDate of publication: 12 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/importance-vector-abundance-and-seasonality\u00a0External quality assessment of laboratory performance \u2013 European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net), 2017Date of publication: 12 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/external-quality-assessment-laboratory-performance-european-antimicrobial\u00a0Clostridium difficile infectionLaboratory procedures for diagnosis and typing of human Date of publication: 19 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/laboratory-procedures-diagnosis-and-typing-human-clostridium-difficile-infection\u00a0Eighth external quality assessment scheme for Salmonella typingDate of publication: 15 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/eighth-external-quality-assessment-scheme-salmonella-typing\u00a0Review of reviews and guidelines on target groups, diagnosis, treatment and programmatic issues for implementation of latent tuberculosis managementDate of publication: 15 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/review-reviews-and-guidelines-target-groups-diagnosis-treatment-and-programmatic\u00a0Surveillance reports\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, October 2018Date of publication: 11 December 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-october-2018\u00a0HIV/AIDS surveillance in Europe 2018 - 2017 dataDate of publication: 28 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hivaids-surveillance-europe-2018-2017-data\u00a0Joint WHO/ECDC influenza virus characterisation report, summary of TESSy virus characterisation data 2017/18Date of publication: 22 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-report-summary-17-18\u00a0Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Europe 2017Date of publication: 15 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/surveillance-antimicrobial-resistance-europe-2017\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, November 2018Date of publication: 9 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-november-2018\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, September 2018Date of publication: 30 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-september-2018\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, October 2018Date of publication: 12 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-october-2018\u00a0Annual Epidemiological Report series on communicable diseases in Europe\u00a0Crimean\u2013Congo haemorrhagic fever - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 12 December 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Ebola and Marburg fevers - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 12 December 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ebola-and-marburg-fevers-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Cholera - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 11 December 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/cholera-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Antimicrobial consumption - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2017Date of publication: 15 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/antimicrobial-consumption-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Echinococcosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 30 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/echinococcosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Seasonal influenza - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2017 - 2018Date of publication: 22 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/seasonal-influenza-annual-epidemiological-report-2017-18-season\u00a0Zika virus infection - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 12 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/zika-virus-infection-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Giardiasis (lambliasis) - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016 Date of publication: 12 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/giardiasis-lambliasis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Smallpox - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 12 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/smallpox-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Lassa fever- Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 12 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/lassa-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Rabies - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 10 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rabies-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Plague - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 10 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/plague-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Hantavirus infection - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 5 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hantavirus-infection-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Yellow fever - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 5 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/yellow-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Chikungunya virus disease - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 1 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/chikungunya-virus-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Mission reports\u00a0ECDC country visit to Malta to discuss antimicrobial resistance issues, 3-7 July 2017Date of publication: 15 November 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-country-visit-malta-discuss-antimicrobial-resistance-issues-3-7-july-2017\u00a0Corporate publications\u00a0Long-term Surveillance Strategy 2014-2020 (revised)Date of publication: 5 October 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/long-term-surveillance-strategy-2014-2020-revised\u00a0ECDC communicable disease threats reportDate of publication: every Fridayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/threats-and-outbreaks/reports-and-data/weekly-threats\u00a0Scientific peer-reviewed publicationsPublications by ECDC staff in scientific journalsUpdated monthlyhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data?f%5b0%5d=output_types%3A1247"}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessments\u00a0Dengue outbreak in R\u00e9union, France, and associated risk of autochthonous outbreak in the EU/EEADate of publication: 18 June 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-dengue-outbreak-reunion-france-and-associated-risk\u00a0Chlamydia trachomatis false-negative test results by Aptima Combo 2 CT/NG assay (Hologic) in the EU/EEA, 2019Date of publication: 17 June 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-chlamydia-trachomatis-false-negative-test-results-aptima\u00a0Listeria monocytogenes clonal complex 8 infections linked to consumption of cold-smoked fish productsMulti-country outbreak of Date of publication: 4 June 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/multi-country-outbreak-listeria-monocytogenes-fish-products\u00a0Regional outbreak of New Delhi metallo-betalactamase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Italy, 2018\u20132019Date of publication: 4 June 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/RRA-new-delhi-metallo-beta-lactamase-producing-CRE\u00a0Who is at risk of measles in the EU/EEA?Date of publication: 28 May 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/risk-assessment-measles-eu-eea-2019\u00a0Ebola virus disease outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri Provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo \u2013 fourth updateDate of publication: 17 April 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-ebola-virus-disease-outbreak-north-kivu-and-ituri-0\u00a0Zika virus transmission worldwideDate of publication: 11 April 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/zika-virus-transmission-worldwide\u00a0Cyclone Idai - risk of communicable diseases in southern AfricaDate of publication: 11 April 2019https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-cyclone-idai-risk-communicable-diseases-southern-africa\u00a0Technical reports\u00a0Collection and analysis of whole genome sequencing data from food-borne pathogens and other relevant microorganisms isolated from human, animal, food, feed and food/feed environmental samples in the joint ECDC\u2013EFSA molecular typing databaseDate of publication: 29 May 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/collection-and-analysis-whole-genome-sequencing-data-food-borne-pathogens-and\u00a0Third external quality assessment on species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Campylobacter, 2017Date of publication: 28 May 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/third-external-quality-assessment-species-identification-and-antimicrobial\u00a0Developing a reporting system for the surveillance of HIV drug resistance in EuropeDate of publication: 23 May 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/developing-reporting-system-surveillance-hiv-drug-resistance-europe\u00a0Listeria monocytogenes whole genome assembly 2018Proficiency test for Date of publication: 16 May 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/proficiency-test-listeria-monocytogenes-whole-genome-assembly-2018\u00a0ECDC strategic framework for the integration of molecular and genomic typing into European surveillance and multi-country outbreak investigationsDate of publication: 4 April 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-strategic-framework-integration-molecular-and-genomic-typing-european\u00a0Surveillance reports\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, June 2019Date of publication: 14 June 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-june-2019\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, May 2019Date of publication: 10 June 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-may-2019\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, April 2019Date of publication: 15 May 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-april-2019\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, May 2019Date of publication: 10 May 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-may-2019\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, March 2019Date of publication: 24 April 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-march-2019\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, April 2019Date of publication: 12 April 2019https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-april-2019\u00a0Annual Epidemiological Report series on communicable diseases in Europe\u00a0Published in June: \u00a0Chapter on diphtheria for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/diphtheria-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on congenital toxoplasmosis for 2016https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/congenital-toxoplasmosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Chapter on brucellosis for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/brucellosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on hepatitis B for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hepatitis-b-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on smallpox for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/smallpox-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on giardiasis (lambliasis) for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/giardiasis-lambliasis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Lassa fever for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/lassa-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Q fever for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/q-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on West Nile virus infection for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/west-nile-virus-infection-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on yellow fever for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/yellow-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Published in May: \u00a0Chapter on invasive pneumococcal disease for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/invasive-pneumococcal-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on poliomyelitis for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/poliomyelitis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever for 2017https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever-cchf-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on zoonotic influenza for 2018 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/zoonotic-influenza-annual-epidemiological-report-2018\u00a0Published in April:\u00a0Chapter on Chikungunya virus disease for 2017https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/chikungunya-virus-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on Shiga toxin/verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC/VTEC) infection for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/shiga-toxinverocytotoxin-producing-escherichia-coli-stecvtec-infection-annual-0\u00a0Chapter on campylobacteriosis for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/campylobacteriosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on dengue for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/dengue-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on pertussis for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/pertussis-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Haemophilus influenzae for 2017 Chapter on https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/haemophilus-influenzae-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/invasive-meningococcal-disease-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0Chapter on gonorrhoea for 2017 https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/gonorrhoea-annual-epidemiological-report-2017\u00a0ECDC communicable disease threats reportDate of publication: every Fridayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/threats-and-outbreaks/reports-and-data/weekly-threats\u00a0Scientific peer-reviewed publicationsPublications by ECDC staff in scientific journalsUpdated monthlyhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data?f%5b0%5d=output_types%3A1247"}
{"text": "Correction to: Cell Death Discovery10.1038/s41420-018-0065-210.1038/s41420-018-0066-110.1038/s41420-018-0067-010.1038/s41420-018-0068-z10.1038/s41420-018-0069-y10.1038/s41420-018-0070-510.1038/s41420-018-0071-410.1038/s41420-018-0072-310.1038/s41420-018-0073-210.1038/s41420-018-0074-110.1038/s41420-018-0075-010.1038/s41420-018-0076-z10.1038/s41420-018-0077-y10.1038/s41420-018-0078-x10.1038/s41420-018-0079-910.1038/s41420-018-0080-310.1038/s41420-018-0081-210.1038/s41420-018-0082-110.1038/s41420-018-0083-010.1038/s41420-018-0084-z10.1038/s41420-018-0085-y10.1038/s41420-018-0086-x10.1038/s41420-018-0087-910.1038/s41420-018-0088-810.1038/s41420-018-0089-710.1038/s41420-018-0090-110.1038/s41420-018-0091-010.1038/s41420-018-0092-z10.1038/s41420-018-0093-y10.1038/s41420-018-0094-x10.1038/s41420-018-0095-910.1038/s41420-018-0096-810.1038/s41420-018-0097-710.1038/s41420-018-0098-610.1038/s41420-018-0100-310.1038/s41420-018-0101-210.1038/s41420-018-0104-z10.1038/s41420-018-0102-110.1038/s41420-018-0103-010.1038/s41420-018-0105-y10.1038/s41420-018-0106-x10.1038/s41420-018-0107-910.1038/s41420-018-0108-810.1038/s41420-018-0109-710.1038/s41420-018-0111-010.1038/s41420-018-0112-z10.1038/s41420-018-0110-110.1038/s41420-018-0113-y10.1038/s41420-018-0114-x10.1038/s41420-018-0115-9Due to a technical error, content intended for publication in Volume 4 (2018) published in Volume 5 (2019). The content has been moved into the correct volume, and the citation information was updated accordingly."}
{"text": "Rapid risk and outbreak assessments\u00a0Emergence of resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam in carbapenem-resistant EnterobacteriaceaeDate of publication: 13 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-emergence-resistance-ceftazidime-avibactam-carbapenem\u00a0Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae - first updateDate of publication: 7 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-carbapenem-resistant-enterobacteriaceae-first-update\u00a0Mass gathering event, FIFA World Cup, Russia 2018Date of publication: 28 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-mass-gathering-event-fifa-world-cup-russia-2018\u00a0Ebola virus disease outbreak in Equateur Province, Democratic Republic of the CongoDate of publication: 25 May 2018https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-ebola-virus-disease-outbreak-equateur-province-democratic-0\u00a0Multi-country outbreak of hepatitis A virus genotype IA infections affecting EU countries in 2018Date of publication: 21 May 2018https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-multi-country-outbreak-hepatitis-virus-genotype-ia\u00a0Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the United Kingdom and AustraliaExtensively drug-resistant (XDR) Date of publication: 7 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-extensively-drug-resistant-xdr-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-united\u00a0Hospital-acquired malaria infections in the European UnionDate of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-hospital-acquired-malaria-infections-european-union\u00a0Candida auris in healthcare settings \u2013 EuropeDate of publication: 23 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-candida-auris-healthcare-settings-europe\u00a0Dengue outbreak in R\u00e9union, FranceDate of publication: 16 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/rapid-risk-assessment-dengue-outbreak-reunion-france\u00a0Scientific advice\u00a0Public health guidance on active case finding of communicable diseases in prison settingsDate of publication: 23 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/public-health-guidance-active-case-finding-communicable-diseases-prison-settings\u00a0Technical reports\u00a0Laboratory testing of non-partner sperm donorsDate of publication: 20 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/laboratory-testing-non-partner-sperm-donors\u00a0HEPSA \u2013 health emergency preparedness self-assessment tool, User guideDate of publication: 20 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hepsa-health-emergency-preparedness-self-assessment-tool-user-guide\u00a0Towards One Health preparednessDate of publication: 24 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/towards-one-health-preparedness\u00a0Social determinants and risk factors in tuberculosis surveillance in the EU/EEADate of publication: 24 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/social-determinants-and-risk-factors-tuberculosis-surveillance-eueea\u00a0Neisseria gonorrhoeae \u2013 a study of 2013 isolatesMolecular typing of Date of publication: 16 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/molecular-typing-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-study-2013-isolates\u00a0EU Laboratory Capability Monitoring System (EULabCap): Report on 2016 survey of EU/EEA country capabilities and capacitiesDate of publication: 2 Mayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/eu-laboratory-capability-monitoring-system-eulabcap-report-2016-survey-eueea\u00a0Surveillance reports\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, June 2018Date of publication: 8 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-june-2018\u00a0Influenza virus characterisation, Summary Europe, March 2018Date of publication: 4 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/influenza-virus-characterisation-summary-europe-march-2018\u00a0Surveillance of antimicrobial consumption in Europe 2013-2014Date of publication: 28 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/surveillance-antimicrobial-consumption-europe-2013-2014\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, May 2018 Date of publication: 18 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-may-2018\u00a0Incidence and attributable mortality of healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units in Europe, 2008-2012 Date of publication: 3 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/incidence-and-attributable-mortality-healthcare-associated-infections-intensive\u00a0Measles and rubella surveillance \u2013 2017Date of publication: 23 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/annual-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-2017\u00a0Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report, April 2018Date of publication: 13 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/monthly-measles-and-rubella-monitoring-report-april-2018\u00a0Annual Epidemiological Report series on communicable diseases in Europe\u00a0Clostridium difficile infections - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 20 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/clostridium-difficile-infections-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Cholera - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 14 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/cholera-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Hepatitis A - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 14 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hepatitis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Antimicrobial consumption - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 13 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/antimicrobial-consumption-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Antimicrobial consumption - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 12 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/antimicrobial-consumption-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Antimicrobial consumption - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2014Date of publication: 11 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/antimicrobial-consumption-annual-epidemiological-report-2014\u00a0Healthcare-associated infections acquired in intensive care units - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 4 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/healthcare-associated-infections-acquired-intensive-care-units-annual-0\u00a0Surgical site infections - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2016Date of publication: 4 May 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/surgical-site-infections-annual-epidemiological-report-2016\u00a0Botulism - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/botulism-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Campylobacteriosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/campylobacteriosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Brucellosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/brucellosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Giardiasis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/giardiasis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Leptospirosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/leptospirosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Listeriosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/listeriosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Salmonellosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/salmonellosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Shigellosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/shigellosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Yersiniosis - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/yersiniosis-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Typhoid and paratyphoid fever - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 30 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/typhoid-and-paratyphoid-fever-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Anthrax - Annual Epidemiological Report for 2015Date of publication: 27 April 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/anthrax-annual-epidemiological-report-2015\u00a0Mission reportsECDC country visit to Romania to discuss antimicrobial resistance issuesDate of publication: 21 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-country-visit-romania-discuss-antimicrobial-resistance-issues\u00a0Corporate publications\u00a0ECDC public health microbiology strategy 2018\u20132022Date of publication: 20 June 2018https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/ecdc-public-health-microbiology-strategy-2018-2022\u00a0ECDC communicable disease threats reportDate of publication: every Fridayhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/threats-and-outbreaks/reports-and-data/weekly-threats\u00a0Scientific peer-reviewed publicationsPublications by ECDC staff in scientific journalsUpdated monthlyhttps://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data?f%5b0%5d=output_types%3A1247"}