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+{"text": "Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) sincerely thanks the 220 peer reviewers in 2019 who helped vet and improve the quality of work published in our journal.The  Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) sincerely thanks the 220 peer reviewers in 2019 who helped vet and improve the quality of work published in our journal.The JMLA is always looking to expand our pool of reviewers who can critically comment on any topic of research or practice in health sciences librarianship. If you are interested in serving as a peer reviewer for JMLA, please send your CV to the editor-in-chief at jmla@journals.pitt.edu.Elizabeth AitkenKristine M. Alpi, AHIPKatherine AndersonKatelyn AngellMarilia Y. Antunez, AHIPThea AtwoodCaitlin Bakker, AHIPMichael BalesJill Barr-WalkerMichelle B. Bass, AHIPDanielle BeckerChristopher William BelterSkye Bickett, AHIPBrooke L. Billman, AHIPLindsay E. Blake, AHIPCatherine BodenSarah BonatoJill Boruff, AHIPAlexandria Leigh Brackett, AHIPWichor BramerMarci BrandenburgEllen Brassil, AHIPEmily BrennanTara BrighamAdrienne BrodieStewart Brower, AHIPHeather BrownRoy Eugene Brown, AHIPKrystal Bullers, AHIPJohn BullionChristopher BurnsNicole Capdarest-Arest, AHIPAlexander J. Carroll, AHIPTallie CasucciSusan CavanaughThane ChambersRobin ChampieuxLiza ChanMarina ChilovNatalie ClairouxHeather CoatesKeith W. Cogdill, AHIPJamie ConklinNicole ContaxisMarisa Conte, AHIPJean-Paul CourneyaJill Crawley-LowAndrew CreamerJohn W. CyrusSandy De Groote, AHIPAriel DeardorffDiana Delgado, AHIPMichelle DemetresRobin DesmeulesJennifer DinaloDaniel DollarKathel DunnMartha Earl, AHIPErin RB EldermireJonathan Eldredge, AHIPMarina EnglesakisKeith Engwall, AHIPElectra EnslowLisa Federer, AHIPRita Fleming-CastaldyDavid FlynnMargaret Jane Foster, AHIPJacqueline FreemanMelissa C. FunaroEmily J. GlennAbigail GobenAlexandra Gomes, AHIPKelsey Grabeel, AHIPAdelia GrabowskyVera GranikovJean Gudenas, AHIPGale G. Hannigan, AHIPArdis HansonSusan Maria Harnett, AHIPTeresa HartmanR. Brian HaynesMargaret Henderson, AHIPRachel Hinrichs, AHIPElizabeth G. Hinton, AHIPCarmen HowardCarol L. HoweMatt Hoy, AHIPShanda HuntEmily J. Hurst, AHIPHolly JacksonRebecca JacobSarah T. JewellPhill Jo, AHIPEmily M. Johnson, AHIPTimothy JohnsonEllen Justice, AHIPKellie N. Kaneshiro, AHIPJill R. Kavanaugh, AHIPSusan KellerAndrea KetchumSujin KimMichele Klein-Fedyshin, AHIPLorie Andrea Kloda, AHIPMolly Knapp, AHIPRachel Amelia Santose KoenigLaura KoppenLaura Kuo, AHIPErica Lake, AHIPMariana LapidusFred Willie Zametkin LaPollaDeborah L. LausengJanna C. Lawrence, AHIPGregory LaynorAnne M. Linton, AHIPElizabeth R. Lorbeer, AHIPDiane LorenzettiYa-Ling LuIrene (Rena) Machowa Lubker, AHIPJinxuan MaMark MacEachernTara R. MaloneDerek MarshallHeather J. Martin, AHIPLisa MastinKaren McElfresh, AHIPBethany S. McGowanLisa McGuireDina J. McKelvy, AHIPSandra McKeownMisa Mi, AHIPElizabeth MoretonWhitney MortensenBethany Myers, AHIPSawyer NewmanAnnie Nickum, AHIPTyler NixHannah Friggle Norton, AHIPMelanie J. NortonKelly O\u2019BrienMarilyn OermannEugenia OpudaRob O\u2019ReillyLisa Palmer, AHIPJanet PapadakosRobin ParkerMelanie Parlette-StewartEmily Patridge, AHIPDonald Pearson, AHIPRobert PerretGerald J. Perry, AHIP, FMLAKeith PickettT. Scott Plutchak, AHIP, FMLAAriel FitzGerald PomputiusKimberly R. PowellSusan PowelsonZahra PremjiKatie Prentice, AHIPLivia PuljakAlexandria QuesenberryBart RagonGurpreet Kaur RanaMarcia RapchakRebecca Raszewski, AHIPMelissa Ratajeski, AHIPRebecca RaworthRobyn Reed, AHIPMelissa L. Rethlefsen, AHIPMegan Rosenbloom, AHIPAmanda Ross-White, AHIPStephanie Roth, AHIPAlexandra SarkozyCathy Sarli, AHIPKate SaylorCarolyn SchubertStephanie SchulteApril Joy Schweikhard, AHIPAmanda ScullBarbara SenRobert Shapiro IIClaire SharifiTracy C. Shields, AHIPMary ShultzJohn Siegel, AHIPErin M. SmithJudith SmithEdwin Vincent Sperr Jr., AHIPStuart SporeSusan Steelman, AHIPElizabeth StellrechtSean StoneJudy Carol Stribling, AHIPAlisa SurkisStephanie M. Swanberg, AHIPNatalie TaggeMichele R. Tennant, AHIPNicole Theis-Mahon, AHIPAnnie ThompsonHolly ThompsonLorraine ToewsLauren TopperEfren Macanlalay Torres Jr.Ivana TruccoloRose L. TurnerAndrea Twiss-BrooksAna UgazMarcy VanaEmily VardellKimberly VardemanMegan von Isenburg, AHIPStacey Elizabeth WahlAmanda Wanner, AHIPTerrie R. WheelerJudith Ann WienerJeff D. Williams, AHIPGloria WillsonJoe WuLin Wu, AHIPJingfeng XiaLauren M. Young, AHIPKatherine G. Akers, PhD, JMLA@journals.pitt.edu, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-6575, Editor-in-Chief, Journal of the Medical Library Association"}
+{"text": "In the Author Contributions, Manuel Garcia Herranz (MGH) should be listed as having the following contributions: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing\u2013Original Draft, Writing\u2013Review & Editing."}
+{"text": "Tauritermes Krishna, 1961 species, Tauritermesbandeiraisp. nov. are described. It is the fourth species of Tauritermes and occurs from the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Unlike its congeners, the soldier of T.bandeirai has prominent frontal horns.The imago and soldier castes of a new  Calcaritermes, Cryptotermes, Eucryptotermes, Glyptotermes, Proneotermes, and Tauritermes . Most recently, Tauritermes from Bolivia and Paraguay.In South America, six kalotermitid genera have soldiers with partial to robust head capsule phragmosis: ritermes . Accordie region . DambrosTauritermes, as other kalotermitid genera, is best characterized by venation of the winged imago and soldier head capsule morphology. For Kalotermitidae, most diagnostic characters at the intrageneric level are attributed to head capsule characters. Rugitermes, Marginitermes, and Tauritermes, respectively. They found that differentiation of the gut morphology of kalotermitids remains elusive at both the generic and specific levels.Tauritermes species, T.bandeirai sp. nov. from samples collected by Tauritermes to be described based on external imago and soldier characters.Herein, we report on a new University of Florida Termite Collectio (UFTC) records are available online  are more angular but much smaller, barely elevated above the frons in oblique view , the dorsal horn is more elevated and angular, while the frontal horn is also absent ; 659 meters A.S.L., 17AUG2000, A. Vasconcellos (AV); one soldier  no. SA499, subsample from Universidade Federal da Para\u00edba Termite Collection (UPTC) no. 3160.-14.2840, -39.8428), 194 m, 18MAR1994, Jan K\u0159e\u010dek; one soldier, pseudergates; UFTC SA444. Bahia, Morro do Chap\u00e9u , 974 m, 5NOV2015, AV; four soldiers, four imagos, pseudergates; SA504, 7309 (UFTC and UPTC accession numbers respectively). Bahia, Milagres , 700 m, 16MAR2012, AV; four soldiers, pseudergates; 4362. Para\u00edba, Matur\u00e9ia ; 700 m, 20MAY2000, AV; three soldiers, pseudergates; SA497, 1255. Para\u00edba, Mamanguape ; 33 m, 24JUN2000, AV; two soldiers, pseudergates; SA498, 1799. Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa ; 53 m, 20DEC2012, AV; three soldiers, five imagos; SA502, 4747. Para\u00edba, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Cordeiros, RPPN Faz. Almas , 523 m, 07MAR2003, AV; three soldiers, pseudergates; 4746. Pernambuco, Bu\u00edque ; 705 m, 16APR2009, AV; two soldiers, one imago, pseudergates; SA500, 3307. Pernambuco, Floresta Tacaratu ; 924 m, 29JUN2010, A. A. V. O. Couto; one soldier, two imagos, pseudergates; SA503, 5014. Pernambuco, Igarassu ; 129 m, 10MAR2016, A. A. V. O. Couto; two soldiers, pseudergates; SA505, 8512.Brazil: Bahia, Itagiba, Fa. Conjunto S. Luis  and in dead terminal branches still attached to the trunks, both in areas of Caatinga and Atlantic Forest. In the Caatinga, colonies of T.bandeirai were relatively easy to extract from dead terminal branches of Commiphoraleptophloeos (Mart.) J.B. Gillett (Burseraceae). This tree is also a \u201chot spot\u201d for collecting other kalotermitids, such as Cryptotermes, Neotermes, and Rugitermes.The colonies of T.bandeirai were collected five times; once in December, thrice in January, and once in February. This period represents a transition between the dry and rainy season in the area. For the Atlantic Forest, alates were recorded in wood in March, June, and December.Using light traps over a year (December 2017 to November 2018) in a Caatinga area located in the municipality of S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Cordeiros, Para\u00edba-Brazil, the alates of Tauritermesbandeirai infestations in buildings, either in urban or agricultural environments. Other Tauritermes species infest sound, dry wood  and are even structural pests , Ruptitermesreconditus , Nasutitermesmacrocephalus , Microcerotemesindistinctus Mathews, 1977, among others.The Caatinga and the Atlantic Forest are neighboring domains Fig. , but dra"}
+{"text": "Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-020-17552-3, published online 29 July 2020.Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the author affiliations.Giulia Pavani, Marine Laurent, Anna Fabiano, Erika Cantelli, Aboud Sakkal, Guillaume Corre and Mario Amendola were incorrectly associated with \u2018INTEGRARE, Genethon, UMR_S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Univ Paris-Saclay, 91002 Evry, France\u2019 instead of the correct \u2018Genethon, 91000, Evry, France\u2019 and \u2018Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, 91000, Evry, France\u2019.Magali Toueille was incorrectly associated with \u2018INTEGRARE, Genethon, UMR_S951 Inserm, Univ Evry, Univ Paris-Saclay, 91002 Evry, France\u2019 instead of the correct \u2018Genethon, 91000, Evry, France\u2019.Annarita Miccio was incorrectly associated with \u2018Imagine Institute, UMR_163 INSERM, Paris, France\u2019 and \u2018Paris Descartes Univ Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France\u2019 instead of the correct \u2018Universit\u00e9 de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of chromatin and gene regulation during development, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France.\u2019This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-019-57042-1, published online 13 January 2020Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Figure\u00a01 contained an error where Northeastern Australia was omitted.In addition, there was a typographical error in Affiliation 5, which was incorrectly given as \u2018MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, IRD, Ifremer, CNRS, Montpellier, France\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below:MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, FranceThese errors have now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-020-74577-w, published online 15 October 2020Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in the order of author names, which was incorrectly given as Sung-chan Gwark, Jisun Kim, Cham Han Lee, Young Hun Kim, Myoung Shin Kim, Sung Woo Hong, Mi Young Choi, Byung Hee Jeon, Nak\u2011Jung Kwon, Kyoung\u2011Yeon Kim, Yongnam Kim, Suhwan Chang, Jong\u2011Han Yu, Ji Yeon Park, Jin-Hee Ahn, Kyung Hae Jung, Sung\u2011Bae Kim, Hee Jin Lee, Gyung\u2011Yub Gong, Sae Byul Lee, Il Yong Chung, Beom Seok Ko, Hee Jeong Kim, Jong Won Lee, Byung Ho Son & Sei Hyun Ahn.Furthermore, the original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Sungchan Gwark, YongNam Kim and Jonghan Yu, which were incorrectly given as Sung-chan Gwark, Yongnam Kim and Jong\u2011Han Yu respectively.These errors have now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Information files."}
+{"text": "Editor-in-ChiefTibor F\u00fcl\u00f6p, MD, PhD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USADeputy EditorMih\u00e1ly Tapolyai, MD, PhD; FMC Hungary, Hatvan, HungaryAssociate EditorsBasic SciencesIstv\u00e1n Arany, PhD, CSc; University of Mississippi Medical Center (ret.), Jackson, Mississippi, USAClinical SciencesSohail Abdul Salim, MD; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USALajos Zsom, MD; FMC Hungary, Cegl\u00e9d, HungaryBiostatistics and Clinical EpidemiologyWisit Cheungpasitporn, MD; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USAEditorial Board Members:Anand Achanti, MD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USAAysen Akalin, MD; Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, TurkeyAndrea Angioi, MD; Azienda Ospedaliera G. Brotzu, Cagliari, ItalySebastjan Bevc, MD; University of Maribor, Maribor, SloveniaAna de Lurdes Agostinho Cabrita, MD; Faro, PortugalJorge Castaneda, MD; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USAOrsolya Cseprekal, MD, PhD; Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryErsin Fad\u0131ll\u0131o\u011flu, MD; Ankara, TurkeyAbduzhappar Gaipov, MD, PhD; Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan City, KazakhstanMehul P. Dixit, MD; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USANeville R. Dossabhoy, MD; Louisiana State University, Shreveport, LA, USAChristian A. Koch, MD, PhD; Fox-Chase Cancer Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USAS. Mehrdad Hamrahian, MD; Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USACsaba Kopitko, MD, PhD; Uzsoki Utcai K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, Budapest, HungaryNicolas Hanset, MD; University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussels, BelgiumJolanta Malyszko, MD, PhD, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandMiklos Z. Molnar, MD, PhD; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USALovelesh Nigam, MD; Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, IndiaKen Sakai, MD, PhD; Toho University Faculty Medicine, Tokyo, JapanKarim M. Soliman, MD, MSc; Cairo University, Cairo, EgyptBlaithin A. McMahon, MD, PhD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USADaniela Ponce, MD, University of Sao Paulo State, UNESP \u2013 Botucatu, BrazilVinaya Rao, MD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USAL\u00e1szl\u00f3 Rosiv\u00e1ll, MD, PhD, DSc Med, Medhabil.; Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryMichael E. Ullian, MD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USAWisit Kaewput, MD; Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, ThailandStatistical Consultant Advisor:Zsolt Lengv\u00e1rszky, PhD; Louisiana State University Shreveport; Shreveport, LA, USAPrevious Editor:William F. Finn, MD - University of North Carolina, USA"}
+{"text": "Hernandez Moura Silva should be included in the author byline. Hernandez Moura Silva should be listed as the sixth author, and his affiliation, which is not indicated, is 7: Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, 10016, United States of America. The contributions of this author are as follows: Conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, project administration, software, supervision, validation, visualization, writing\u2014review & editing.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237773The correct citation is: Ledo JH, Zhang R, Mesin L, Mour\u00e3o-S\u00e1 D, Azevedo EP, Silva HM, et al. (2020) Lack of a site-specific phosphorylation of Presenilin 1 disrupts microglial gene networks and progenitors during development. PLoS ONE 15(8): e0237773."}
+{"text": "Siddell, Peter J. Walker, Elliot J. Lefkowitz, Arcady R. Mushegian, Bas E. Dutilh, Bal\u00e1zs Harrach, Robert L. Harrison, Sandra Junglen, Nick J. Knowles, Andrew M. Kropinski, Mart Krupovic, Jens H. Kuhn, Max L. Nibert, Luisa Rubino, Sead Sabanadzovic, Peter Simmonds, Arvind Varsani, Francisco Murilo Zerbini, Andrew J. Davison, was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume 165, issue 2, page 519-525 the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ("}
+{"text": "The names of Thomas Eiwegger, Julia Upton, Gordon Sussman and Thomas Poder were inadvertently omitted from the authorship of the original article . Thomas The full and correct authorship has been updated in the original article and included in the author list of this Correction article.The \u2018Competing interests\u2019 section is also corrected here to read: The authors declare no conflict of interest related to the study. KS reports personal fees from Novartis outside the submitted work. TE reports grants from DBV technologies, Innovation fund Denmark, CIHR, and Regeneron and personal fees from ALK ourside the submitted work. He serves as associate editor for Allergy. JU reports personal fees from Food Allergy Canada, ALK-Abell\u00f3, Kaleo, and grants from Toronto SickKids Foundation, DBV technologies, Regeneron, and ALK-Abell\u00f3 outside the submitted work. GS reports personal fees from Novartis, Aralez, CSL Behring, Sanofi, Pediapharm, GSK, Genentech, DBV technologies, Aimmune, Astrazeneca, Stallergenes, Merck, Pfizer, Dyax, Biocryst, Greencross, Kendrion, Shire, Leopharma, Regeneron, mdBriefCase and grants from Novartis, GSK, Genentech, DBV technologies, Aimmune, CSL Behring, Astrazeneca, Stallergenes, Merck, Pfizer, Dyax, Biocryst, Greencross, Kendrion, Leo Pharma, Regeneron, Sanofi, Blueprint, ALK, Amgen, Cliantha outside the submitted work. ADR reports grants from Merk and ALK outside the submitted work. PB reports personal fees from Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, ALK and Aralez, as well as grants from DBV technologies, Regeneron and Sanofi outside the submitted work."}
+{"text": "RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation  had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the  This process requires multiple attempts of different keyword combinations and manual examination of numerous citations. A long list of both relevant and irrelevant articles is often encountered requiring manual curation after further reading, yet not all of the important relevant articles are necessarily included after this long and tedious process. The task of finding truly relevant articles becomes increasingly time-consuming and challenging as the number of scientific articles published every year expands at a rapid pace. For example, the PubMed  descriptors . Most imhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed), ResearchGate (http://www.researchgate.net) and CiteULike (http://www.citeulike.org). Numerous newly developed methods are not yet translated into practice because it is unclear whether they have improved over existing methods  consortium of 1500+ scientists from 84 countries around the world. The consortium annotated over 180,000 document\u2013document pairs indexed by PubMed, nearly 400 times larger than the single other human annotated data collection we could find with just 460 annotations by 90 authors  for recommending articles (\u2018candidate-articles\u2019) potentially relevant to an input article (\u2018seed-article\u2019) given by, or assigned to, a user. The APSE allowed users to assess and annotate recommended candidate articles regarding their degree of relevance to a respective seed article and facilitated submission of these annotations. Then, we established the RELISH consortium of scientific authors (\u2018participants\u2019) and invited them to the APSE to evaluate 60 candidate articles for one or more seed articles that they are interested in or, preferably, they have authored. Finally, annotations submitted by participants were compiled and organized into the RELISH database. A participant\u2019s \u2018contribution\u2019 was defined as the submission of annotations for all 60 candidate articles with respect to a seed article.The overall procedure for establishing the RELISH database was as follows. First, we established the article-based PubMed search engine , followed by incremental synchronization with daily update releases. Only articles with available title and abstract metadata were included in the corpus, no other selection criteria were imposed. As of 3 July 2018, this collection contained 18,345,070 articles, from which participants selected seed articles.The seed article corpus used by the APSE server was extracted from the biomedical literature database hosted by PubMed. The corpus database was constructed using the 2017 baseline downloaded from PubMed\u2019s public FTP server  by the following pipeline. We first applied Lucene\u2019s \u2018UAX29URLEmailTokenizer\u2019, which follows Unicode Text Segmentation rules  to dividThe APSE recommendation system is built on three baseline methods: PMRA , BM25 3, 40 and For the individual method evaluations presented in this study, the original method-specific list of results were used (in this case the same candidate article may be shared by multiple methods). Each method\u2019s list of candidate articles was sorted by descending score. To generate the list of recommendations presented to the user for annotation, we took the individual method-specific result lists and combined them into a unified list. We set a maximum of 60 articles per seed article so as to include at least the top 20 highest-scoring non-redundant candidate articles per method.The unified list assembly procedure is as follows: in a round-robin fashion between all methods, consider the current top-scoring article from a method. If the article is not already in the unified list, add it. Otherwise, disregard this article and continue with the next best-scoring article until an addition to the unified list has been made. Essentially, this procedure is performing a three-way merge while ensuring an equal selection of non-redundant recommended articles from each method. This unified list of recommendations was not presented in the order of predicted similarity. Instead, before presentation to users, it was shuffled randomly to reduce the possibility of a systematic bias in annotation.To achieve the goal of a large dataset facilitating future deep machine learning-based method development, we established the RELISH consortium of biomedical researchers who have annotated studies potentially related to one or more seed articles that they had authored or were interested in. To maximize the quality and efficiency of annotation, we encouraged participants to use articles that they had authored as the seed articles. All participants contributed voluntarily. Only submissions with annotations completed for all 60 recommended candidate articles per seed article were accepted.Our recruitment strategy involved two major phases: the first was internal referrals, personal invitations, social media posts and a correspondence letter ; the secA total of 129,190 unique authors were contacted regarding 72,764 unique PubMed articles. Of these articles, 54,071 (74.3%) had contact information for a single author only (assumed to be the corresponding author), 7452 (10.2%) had contact information for two authors (assumed to be first and corresponding authors), while the remainder had contact information for more than two authors. In any case, all available contacts per article were invited, as to encourage multiple annotators of the same article for consistency analysis.Finally, of the 1570 total unique participants, we had 342 (21.8%) participants join by the initial recruitment phase. During the secondary recruitment stage, 1228 (78.2%) authors accepted our invitation yielding an overall response rate of 0.95%, thus the majority of contributions resulted from this phase.Relevant: an article topically relevant to the seed article; within the same specific sub-field of research, i.e. an article that would be interesting to read further or could have been cited within the original work.Somewhat-relevant: an article missing some key topical details of the seed article; within the broader area of research but does not specifically fit into the sub-field, i.e. unlikely to be considered for a citation within the original work.Irrelevant: an article unrelated to the seed article and obviously does not fit inside the specific sub-field of research.An overview of the annotation procedure is shown in Although definitions of \u2018relevance\u2019 are subjective, we aimed to make the choice as simple as possible by using this three-point system of document pair \u2018closeness\u2019, as opposed to a higher number of relevance degrees, like the 5-point or 10-point scales . AdditioBefore submitting annotations, contributors were asked to provide their level of experience from the following options: PhD student, years of experience after PhD studies  and other .The expert-annotated document pairs provided the opportunity to evaluate the performance of the three baseline methods for the first time. To simplify the evaluation, we collapsed our three-state label classes to fit a two-state classification in which, unless stated otherwise, \u2018relevant\u2019 seed candidate article pairs were assigned to the \u2018positive\u2019 class, while \u2018somewhat-relevant\u2019 or \u2018irrelevant\u2019 article pairs were assigned to the \u2018negative\u2019 class. Using this stratification, we assessed method\u2019s performances using both binary classification and information-retrieval metrics.For binary classification metrics, we used Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and area under the [receiver operating characteristic (ROC)] curve (AUC). Metrics used for information-retrieval are precision of top-N ranked results (P@N) and mean reciprocal rank (MRR). MCC and AUC emphasize good discrimination between \u2018positive\u2019 and \u2018negative\u2019 classes, whereas P@N and MRR metrics emphasize highly ranked \u2018positive\u2019 class results.MCC  is the eAUC  is deterP@N  is the pMRR  measureshttps://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch; using Apache Lucene (https://github.com/apache/lucene-solr)]. The web interface was designed using React (https://github.com/facebook/react), web services were built using Apache (https://github.com/apache/httpd) and Python (https://github.com/channelcat/sanic) and data were organized using MongoDB (https://github.com/mongodb/mongo).The database search infrastructure was powered by Elasticsearch [Here we introduce RELISH-DB, the database that resulted from the annotation work of the RELISH consortium. All annotations submitted by participants before 27 July 2018 were consolidated into the initial revision of RELISH-DB.The remainder of this section presents statistics of database content and consortium participation, and the results for annotation consistency analyses and method performance evaluations.The distribution of the three possible relevance labels  across all contributions per seed article is shown in Our definition of relevance, partial relevance and irrelevance is subject to different interpretations by different individuals. The perceived efficacy of document recommendation systems depends on the expected agreement between the subjective opinions of different individuals. To examine if such agreement exists, we compared the performance of the three baseline methods on annotations made by scientists of different experience levels, annotations of the same articles by different individuals, annotations across different research fields and durations of time spent annotating.To carry out these comparisons, seed articles for the benchmark datasets were selected from RELISH-DB according to the following conditions. First, we removed 44 seed articles that PMRA provided fewer than 20 article recommendations for; this was to ensure a fair comparison with the other baseline methods that will always have 20 recommendations per seed article. Next, 186 seed articles without any positive or negative samples were removed as assessment of discrimination is impossible when all candidate articles belong to either the positive or negative class. Finally, we set aside 154 duplicate annotations of the same seed article by different participants (\u2018D154\u2019), and 400 randomly selected seed articles as an independent test set (\u2018T400\u2019), to be analyzed separately.This led to a total of 2233 seed articles (\u2018ALL2233\u2019) available for evaluation. From this set we derived an \u2018NR\u2019 (non-redundant) set, comprised of a single seed article from each unique participant to avoid potential bias against specific annotators. In this dataset, for participants with multiple seed article contributions, a seed article was selected at random. This \u2018NR\u2019 set had 1220 seed articles (\u2018NR1220\u2019) in total, less than the total number of unique participants due to aforementioned exclusions.Here, we have collectively defined candidate articles marked as \u2018somewhat-relevant\u2019 or \u2018irrelevant\u2019 as negative samples, with those marked as \u2018relevant\u2019 defined as positive samples. This was to challenge the three baseline methods and allow the measurement of their performance according to binary classification. For all statistical testing we used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test  implemenTable P-values from Wilcoxon signed-rank tests are given in P-values less than 0.05 for MCC, AUC, MRR and P@5. For the \u2018ALL2233\u2019 set, BM25 was also significantly higher than PMRA in terms of MCC and AUC; however, in the \u2018NR1220\u2019 only MCC is significant. In all cases there was no significant difference in either MCC or AUC between BM25 and TF-IDF. However TF-IDF did significantly outperform BM25 in terms of P@5. These results suggest that out of the three baseline methods, TF-IDF was most effective at ranking relevant candidate articles highly.Statistical As previously mentioned, according to author name matches, the majority (91%) of our annotated seed articles were provided by one of the respective authors. Here we investigate whether method performance is affected considering annotations given by non-authors. These non-author annotators may have more general knowledge and not be biased by a close-up view of their given field like an author could be, potentially providing a more objective assessment.A total of 181 seed articles were identified to have been annotated by a non-author (anonymous annotations were not included), submitted by 73 unique annotators. These articles were split into respective \u2018ALL\u2019 and \u2018NR\u2019 subsets accordingly. Table P-values of the distribution comparison using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests presented in Table Figure Finally, although the overall average was nearly identical among annotators with different experience levels, fluctuations around the average (standard deviations around 0.2) were quite substantial. This large fluctuation, however, may not have been caused by individuals\u2019 subjective opinions. This is explored further with the assessment of single participants who annotated many seed articles in the next section.As some dedicated contributors had annotated a large number of seed articles, we were able to assess method performance within these groups. Table Additionally, as method performance is again quite close overall, some noise appeared to exist regarding the preferred method within these individual annotator groups. It could be argued that \u2018A1\u2019 prefers BM25, \u2018A2\u2019 prefers TF-IDF and \u2018A3\u2019 prefers PMRA. Furthermore, precision-based metrics for \u2018A1\u2019 demonstrated fluctuation of \u2018difficulty\u2019, compared to the \u2018A2\u2019 and \u2018A3\u2019 groups, with regard to the number of \u2018positive\u2019 annotations per seed article. For example, a P@20 of around 0.1 means that on average each method was trying to rank 2 relevant articles higher than 18 irrelevant articles that must have also had large content-based similarity of some form allowing their initial detection by the baseline methods. In contrast, \u2018A2\u2019 and \u2018A3\u2019 were relatively easier, especially considering the MRR value close to 1, meaning that on average the top result was actually relevant.Here, we assessed performance consistency across different research topics, defined by MeSH descriptors associated with each seed article (if any). Articles that shared a MeSH descriptor were clustered accordingly. The eight largest clusters were evaluated, Figure A more direct assessment of consistency is to examine the same document pairs annotated by different contributors, using the \u2018D154\u2019 set. These contributions covered a total of 74 unique articles. However, 32 articles were removed due to duplicate submitted annotations from a single participant (i.e. the same participant contributed annotations more than once for the same seed article). Subsequently excluded were two articles that were annotated by three participants. In total, 40 unique articles remained in this consistency set .We measured the agreement by first collapsing ternary class annotations into their binary class equivalents. Next the Jaccard index  was calcThe duration of time a participant spent annotating seed articles was an additional aspect we tested for consistency. This duration was estimated from the time of loading the first page of results to the time of submission. As this time was estimated and is likely to contain a small degree of error due to noise in the logs, we restricted the duration of time spent to between 2 and 120 min.Figure Distinguishing positives from negatives requires a threshold for the similarity score calculated by PMRA, BM25 or TF-IDF. An ideal method should have the same threshold for different seed articles regardless of research field and abstract/title length. This would be beneficial to real-world recommender systems by enabling a dynamic number of articles deemed as relevant to be presented to the user rather than the traditional approach of delivering a fixed number of recommendations.We analyzed the distribution of method score thresholds in Figure Figure https://figshare.com/projects/RELISH-DB/60095, under the CC0 license. All data records were stripped of personally identifiable information and then converted to JSON format  on our data server. These include the complete versions of the \u2018ALL2233\u2019 and \u2018NR1220\u2019 sets, as well as copies of these sets broken down by annotator experience level. In addition, the three single-annotator sets  are also available. Furthermore, we also provided an option to allow users to generate a dataset according to various pre-defined parameters .As shown in Figure Method testing: to facilitate comparison and avoid overtraining, we set aside a blind-test set for critical assessment of method performance. This selection of 400 randomly selected NR seed articles have their annotation data withheld from the rest of the database. The dataset has two variants . Baseline method performances for this set are shown in Table To make RELISH collections useful for future method developers, we have established a data server at Many users, both expert and non-expert, require literature searching for various purposes. Generally, the information need revolves around knowledge expansion of a topic; whether the goal is to find pertinent supporting material to solidify insight or to broaden their vision by locating different aspects, of a particular claim, idea or field of research.Users most commonly rely on manual keyword searching methods to serve their needs , 37, 70.Here, the use case of our work falls into the \u2018recommendation\u2019 sub-field of literature search. Specifically, we focus on pairwise similarity detection between documents. Considering the rate of literature growth and the associated \u2018information overload\u2019 for users, remedial approaches like recommender systems have been proposed to tackle the difficulty and time burden of keeping track of the most promising and relevant studies , 30. WhiThis work is not the first to propose the use of a seed article (manuscript) as a query instead of keywords , 55, 71.Finally, we must stress that the basis of our use case here is a complementary alternative to keyword search, it is not intended as a replacement. An accurate keyword-less recommendation system is sure to benefit both expert and non-expert users, especially in this era of information overload. In addition, this is more than a database exclusively for seed article-based search. It can be used to train keywords or sentence-based search by examining if keywords or the title from one article would automatically lead to the other articles. That is, a method can be trained for title/sentence-based and title/abstract based search on this benchmark.Our work represents a community-wide effort to establish a database of document relevance that is suitable for machine learning. It should be noted that our APSE system facilitating the annotation process was not intended as a stand-alone search engine. Rather, it was developed and employed exclusively for data collection. Nevertheless, using three different methods appeared to provide a more complete search compared to systems powered by a single technique such as TF-IDF in JANE  or PMRA More than 1500 scientists around the world participated in the RELISH consortium and annotated the relevance for over 180,000 document pairs that represent diverse research fields, covering 76% of all PubMed MeSH descriptors without clear bias Figure . These aA number of potential systematic biases were considered during the construction of this database. Potentially affected aspects of our methodology primarily include how the documents presented to annotators were selected and how annotators themselves were selected. We discuss here the biases we were able to identify and explain the rationale behind how they were dealt with.Inherent selection biases could be argued regarding the baseline methods used to generate the sets of documents for annotation. Firstly, since only the top 20 non-redundant documents from each method were presented to annotators, we have necessarily excluded potentially related articles with lower similarity scores from this pool. We could have taken more results from a single method, but then bias towards that single method would have been introduced. Additionally, we chose to take this number of results from each method to reduce the burden on annotator\u2019s participation time, as we appreciate that volunteered time to contribute is valuable. Secondly, as the baseline methods rely exclusively on exact term matches to generate respective similarity scores, it is possible that semantically related documents are missing from this pool. Although there was no scalable solution present to circumvent this, we feel it should be mentioned here.Potentially subjective bias is a major concern affecting document relevance manually annotated by such a diverse group of scientists. This could be in terms of a biased consideration of recommended documents according to the annotator\u2019s close-up view of their given field as opposed to the more objective consideration annotators with general knowledge could have. We opted to use authors of their own papers as relevance judges to increase participation rate, the effort required from participants was again considered here. This is because our goal for this benchmark was to capture sub-field similarity such that articles marked as relevant could have been suitable for citation by the originating seed article. This task requires highly specialized experts in respective sub-fields to make that determination. In other words, the more sub-field experience of an annotator, the more accurate annotations will be made. Although non-PhD researchers are underrepresented in their participation of database construction, it will not affect the overall accuracy of annotations as we have demonstrated that there is no bias according to the experience level of annotators and across different fields of researchers. In fact, using expert annotations will ensure the production of relevant articles for all non-PhD researchers, clinicians and the general public in their searches.If a subjective bias exists, one would expect that the performance of the three baseline methods  would have certain systematic trends. We showed that method performances were nearly the same across different annotator experience levels Figure  and diffHigh-quality data collected by the RELISH consortium offered an unprecedented opportunity to compare the three baseline methods . Somewhat surprisingly, all three methods performed similarly, with TF-IDF presenting a slight edge. Our finding is somewhat different from previous studies , 51, 68 https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au.Encouraging method development was the principal motivation behind the assembly of this database. A recent survey of research paper recommendation systems revealed the urgent need for a common evaluation framework , as currWe expect that dissemination of this manuscript will attract more scientists to contribute more annotations. A major struggle for us was participant recruitment, the first phase of our recruitment strategy  ultimately failed to attract enough contributions to establish a meaningful dataset. Because of this failure we reluctantly decided to proceed with the second phase of sending direct emails. Although the response rate was low (around 1%), it was good enough to achieve the sizeable database we have now. Our server will continue to collect annotations. We hope to publish the next version of the database with at least double the number of present annotations.None declared.P.B. participated in the design, carried out the study, implemented the websites and search systems and wrote the manuscript. RELISH consortium annotated the articles. Y.Z. conceived the study, participated in the initial design, assisted in analyzing data and wrote the manuscript. All authors read, contributed to the discussion and approved the manuscript.3,Aik-Choon Tan4,Mohamed A. El-Esawi5,Thomas Liehr6,Oliver Blanck7,Douglas P. Gladue8,Gabriel M. F. Almeida9,Tomislav Cernava10,Carlos O. Sorzano11,Andy W. K. Yeung12,Michael S. Engel13,Arun Richard Chandrasekaran14,Thilo Muth15,Martin S. Staege16,Swapna V. Daulatabad17,Darius Widera18,Junpeng Zhang19,Adrian Meule20,Ken Honjo21,Olivier Pourret22,Cong-Cong Yin23,Zhongheng Zhang24,Marco Cascella25,Willy A. Flegel26,Carl S. Goodyear10,Mark J. van Raaij27,Zuzanna Bukowy-Bieryllo28,Luca G. Campana29,Nicholas A. Kurniawan30,David Lalaouna31,Felix J. H\u00fcttner32,Brooke A. Ammerman33,Felix Ehret34,Paul A. Cobine35,Ene-Choo Tan36,Hyemin Han37,Wenfeng Xia38,Christopher McCrum39,Ruud P. M. Dings40,Francesco Marinello41,Henrik Nilsson42,Brett Nixon43,Konstantinos Voskarides44,Long Yang45,Vincent D. Costa46,Johan Bengtsson-Palme47,William Bradshaw48,Dominik G. Grimm49,Nitin Kumar50,Elvis Martis51,Daniel Prieto52,Sandeep C. Sabnis53,Said E. D. R. Amer1,Alan W. C. Liew54,Paul Perco55,Farid Rahimi56,Giuseppe Riva57,Chongxing Zhang58,Hari P. Devkota59,Koichi Ogami60,Zarrin Basharat61,Walter Fierz62,Robert Siebers63,Kok-Hian Tan64,Karen A. Boehme65,Peter Brenneisen66,James A. L. Brown67,Brian P. Dalrymple68,David J. Harvey69,Grace Ng70,Sebastiaan Werten71,Mark Bleackley72,Zhanwu Dai73,Raman Dhariwal74,Yael Gelfer75,Marcus D. Hartmann76,Pawel Miotla77,Radu Tamaian78,Pragashnie Govender79,Oliver J. Gurney-Champion80,Joonas H. Kauppila81,Xiaolei Zhang82,Natalia Echeverr\u00eda83,Santhilal Subhash84,Hannes Sallmon85,Marco Tofani86,Taeok Bae87,Oliver Bosch88,P\u00e1raic O. Cu\u00edv89,Antoine Danchin90,Barthelemy Diouf91,Tuomas Eerola92,Evangelos Evangelou93,Fabian V. Filipp94,Hannes Klump95,Lukasz Kurgan96,Simon S. Smith97,Olivier Terrier98,Neil Tuttle99,David B. Ascher100,Sarath C. Janga101,Leon N. Schulte102,Daniel Becker103,Christopher Browngardt68,Stephen J. Bush104,Guillaume Gaullier105,Kazuki Ide106,Clement Meseko107,Gijsbert D. A. Werner108,Jan Zaucha109,Abd A. Al-Farha110,Noah F. Greenwald111,Segun I. Popoola112,Md Shaifur Rahman113,Jialin Xu113,Sunny Y. Yang114,Noboru Hiroi115,Ozgul M. Alper116,Chris I. Baker117,Michael Bitzer118,George Chacko119,Birgit Debrabant120,Ray Dixon72,Evelyne Forano121,Matthew Gilliham122,Sarah Kelly123,Karl-Heinz Klempnauer124,Brett A. Lidbury125,Michael Z. Lin126,Iseult Lynch127,Wujun Ma128,Edward W. Maibach129,Diane E. Mather130,Kutty S. Nandakumar131,Robert S. Ohgami132,Piero Parchi133,Patrizio Tressoldi134,Yu Xue135,Charles Armitage136,Pierre Barraud137,Stella Chatzitheochari138,Luis P. Coelho139,Jiajie Diao140,Andrew C. Doxey141,Ang\u00e9lique Gobet142,Pingzhao Hu143,Stefan Kaiser144,Kate M. Mitchell145,Mohamed F. Salama146,Ivan G. Shabalin147,Haijun Song148,Dejan Stevanovic149,Ali Yadollahpour150,Erliang Zeng151,Katharina Zinke152,C. G. Alimba153,Tariku J. Beyene154,Zehong Cao155,Sherwin S. Chan156,Michael Gatchell157,Andreas Kleppe158,Marcin Piotrowski159,Gonzalo Torga160,Adugna A. Woldesemayat161,Mehmet I. Cosacak162,Scott Haston163,Stephanie A. Ross164,Richard Williams165,Alvin Wong166,Matthew K. Abramowitz167,Andem Effiong168,Senhong Lee169,Muhammad Bilal Abid170,Cyrus Agarabi370,Cedric Alaux171,Dirk R. Albrecht172,Gerald J. Atkins173,Charles R. Beck174,A. M. J. J. Bonvin175,Emer Bourke176,Thomas Brand177,Ralf J. Braun178,James A. Bull179,Pedro Cardoso180,Dee Carter181,Robin M. Delahay182,Bernard Ducommun183,Pascal H. G. Duijf184,Trevor Epp185,Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen186,Mazyar Fallah187,Debora B. Farber188,Jose Fernandez-Triana189,Frank Feyerabend190,Tullio Florio191,Michael Friebe192,Saori Furuta193,Mads Gabrielsen194,Jens Gruber195,Malgorzata Grybos196,Qian Han197,Michael Heinrich198,Heikki Helanter\u00e4199,Michael Huber200,Albert Jeltsch201,Fan Jiang202,Claire Josse203,Giuseppe Jurman204,Haruyuki Kamiya205,Kim de Keersmaecker206,Erik Kristiansson207,Frank-Erik de Leeuw208,Jiuyong Li209,Shide Liang210,Jose A. Lopez-Escamez211,Francisco J. Lopez-Ruiz212,Kevin J. Marchbank213,Rolf Marschalek10,Carmen S. Mart\u00edn214,Adriana E. Miele215,Xavier Montagutelli216,Esteban Morcillo217,Rosario Nicoletti218,Monika Niehof219,Ronan O\u2019Toole220,Toshihiko Ohtomo221,Henrik Oster222,Jose-Alberto Palma223,Russell Paterson224,Mark Peifer7,Maribel Portilla225,M. C. Portillo226,Antonia L. Pritchard227,Stefan Pusch228,Gajendra P. S. Raghava229,Nicola J. Roberts230,Kehinde Ross231,Birgitt Schuele232,Kjell Sergeant233,Jun Shen234,Alessandro Stella235,Olga Sukocheva236,Vladimir N. Uversky237,Sven Vanneste238,Martin H. Villet239,Miguel Viveiros240,Julia A. Vorholt241,Christof Weinstock242,Masayuki Yamato243,Ioannis Zabetakis244,Xin Zhao245,Andreas Ziegler246,Wan M. Aizat247,Lauren Atlas248,Kristina M. Bridges249,Sayan Chakraborty250,Mieke Deschodt251,Helena S. Domingues252,Shabnam S. Esfahlani253,Sebastian Falk254,J. L. Guisado255,Nolan C. Kane256,Gray Kueberuwa257,Colleen L. Lau258,Dai Liang259,Enwu Liu260,Andreas M. Luu261,Chuang Ma262,Lisong Ma263,Robert Moyer264,Adam D. Norris265,Suresh Panthee266,Jerod R. Parsons267,Yousong Peng251,In\u00eas Mendes Pinto269,Cristina R. Reschke270,Elina Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4212,Christopher J. Stewart271,Florian Uhle272,Hui Yang273,Kai Zhou274,Shu Zhu275,Mohamed Ashry276,Niels Bergsland277,Maximilian Berthold278,Chang-Er Chen279,Vito Colella280,Maarten Cuypers281,Evan A. Eskew282,Xiao Fan283,Maksymilian Gajda284,Rayner Gonz\u00e1lezlez-Prendes285,Amie Goodin286,Emily B. Graham287,Ewout J. N. Groen288,Alba Guti\u00e9rrez-Sacrist\u00e1n289,Mohamad Habes290,Enrico Heffler291,Daniel B. Higginbottom292,Thijs Janzen293,Jayakumar Jayaraman294,Lindsay A. Jibb295,Stefan Jongen296,Timothy Kinyanjui297,Rositsa G. Koleva-Kolarova298,Zhixiu Li299,Yu-Peng Liu300,Bjarte A. Lund301,Alexandre A. Lussier302,Liping Ma303,Pablo Mier304,Matthew D. Moore305,Katja Nagler306,Mark W. Orme307,James A. Pearson308,Anilkumar S. Prajapati309,Yu Saito310,Simon E. Tr\u00f6der311,Florence Uchendu312,Niklas Verloh313,Denitza D. Voutchkova314,Ahmed Abu-Zaid315,Joaira Bakkach316,Philipp Baumert317,Marcos Dono318,Jack Hanson319,Sandrine Herbelet320,Emma Hobbs321,Ameya Kulkarni322,Narendra Kumar323,Siqi Liu324,Nikolai D. Loft325,Tristan Reddan326,Thomas Senghore327,Howard Vindin328,Haotian Xu329,Ross Bannon330,Branson Chen331,Johnny T. K. Cheung332,Jeffrey Cooper333,Ashwini K. Esnakula334,Karine A. Feghali335,Emilia Ghelardi336,Agostino Gnasso337,Jeffrey Horbar89,Hei M. Lai338,Jian Li339,Lan Ma340,Ruiyan Ma341,Zihang Pan342,Marco A. Peres343,Raymond Pranata344,Esmond Seow345,Matthew Sydes346,Ines Testoni347,Anna L. Westermair348,Yongliang Yang349,Masoud Afnan350,Joan Albiol351,Lucia G. Albuquerque353,Eisuke Amiya354,Rogerio M. Amorim355,Qianli An356,Stig U. Andersen357,John D. Aplin358,Christos Argyropoulos359,Yan W. Asmann360,Abdulaziz M. Assaeed361,Atanas G. Atanasov362,David A. Atchison363,Simon V. Avery288,Paul Avillach364,Peter D. Baade365,Lars Backman366,Christophe Badie367,Alfonso Baldi368,Elizabeth Ball369,Olivier Bardot371,Adrian G. Barnett372,Mathias Basner298,Jyotsna Batra373,O. M. Bazanova374,Andrew Beale375,Travis Beddoe376,Melanie L. Bell377,Eugene Berezikov2,Sue Berners-Price378,Peter Bernhardt379,Edward Berry380,Theolis B. Bessa381,Craig Billington382,John Birch383,Randy D. Blakely384,Mark A. T. Blaskovich385,Robert Blum386,Marleen Boelaert387,Dimitrios Bogdanos388,Carles Bosch389,Thierry Bourgoin390,Daniel Bouvard391,Laura M. Boykin392,Graeme Bradley393,Daniel Braun394,Jeremy Brownlie395,Albert Br\u00fchl396,Austin Burt397,Lisa M. Butler398,Siddappa N. Byrareddy399,Hugh J. Byrne400,Stephanie Cabantous216,Sara Calatayud401,Eva Candal402,Kimberly Carlson403,S\u00f2nia Casillas404,Valter Castelvetro405,Patrick T. Caswell406,Giacomo Cavalli407,Vaclav Cerovsky408,Monica Chagoyen409,Chang-Shi Chen410,Dong F. Chen411,Hao Chen412,Hui Chen413,Jui-Tung Chen414,Yinglong Chen415,Changxiu Cheng416,Jianlin Cheng417,Mai Chinapaw418,Christos Chinopoulos419,William C. S. Cho420,Lillian Chong421,Debashish Chowdhury422,Andre Chwalibog423,A. Ciresi424,Shamshad Cockcroft425,Ana Conesa426,Penny A. Cook427,David N. Cooper428,Olivier Coqueret429,Enoka M. Corea431,Elisio Costa432,Carol Coupland433,Stephanie Y. Crawford434,Aparecido D. Cruz435,Huijuan Cui436,Qiang Cui437,David C. Culver438,Amedeo D\u2019Angiulli439,Tanya E. S. Dahms440,France Daigle441,Raymond Dalgleish157,H\u00e5vard E. Danielsen443,S\u00e9bastien Darras444,Sean M. Davidson445,David A. Day446,Volkan Degirmenci72,Luc Demaison447,Koenraad Devriendt448,Jiandong Ding449,Yunus Dogan450,X. C. Dong451,Claudio F. Donner452,Walter Dressick453,Christian A. Drevon454,Huiling Duan455,Christian Ducho456,Nicolas Dumaz457,Bilikere S. Dwarakanath458,Mark H. Ebell459,Steffen Eisenhardt460,Naser Elkum461,Nadja Engel462,Timothy B. Erickson47,Michael Fairhead463,Marty J. Faville464,Marlena S. Fejzo465,Fernanda Festa466,Antonio Feteira467,Patrick Flood-Page468,John Forsayeth469,Simon A. Fox470,Steven J. Franks135,Francesca D. Frentiu471,Mikko J. Frilander472,Xinmiao Fu473,Satoshi Fujita474,Ian Galea475,Luca Galluzzi476,Federica Gani477,Arvind P. Ganpule478,Antonio Garc\u00eda-Alix479,Kristene Gedye480,Maurizio Giordano481,Cecilia Giunta482,Paul A. Gleeson483,Cyrille Goarant484,Haipeng Gong485,Diop Gora486,Michael J. Gough487,Ravinder Goyal488,Kathryn E. Graham489,Ana Grande-P\u00e9rez490,Patricia M. Graves491,Harm Greidanus2,Darren Grice492,Christoph Grunau493,Yosephine Gumulya494,Yabin Guo495,Vsevolod V. Gurevich496,Oleg Gusev298,Elke Hacker497,Steffen R. Hage498,Guy Hagen499,Steven Hahn500,Dagmar M. Haller501,Sven Hammerschmidt502,Jianwei Han503,Renzhi Han504,Martin Handfield505,Hapuarachchige C. Hapuarachchi506,Timm Harder507,Jennifer E. Hardingham508,Michelle Heck509,Marcel Heers510,Khe F. Hew511,Yohei Higuchi512,Cynthia St. Hilaire513,Rachel Hilton514,Enisa Hodzic515,Andrew Hone516,Yuichi Hongoh398,Guoku Hu517,Heinz P. Huber518,Luis E. Hueso519,Judith Huirne520,Lisa Hurt521,Helena Idborg522,Kazuho Ikeo523,Evan Ingley524,Philip M. Jakeman525,Arne Jensen526,Hong Jia2,Husen Jia527,Shuqin Jia528,Jianping Jiang529,Xingyu Jiang530,Yi Jin531,Daehyun Jo532,Andrew M. Johnson533,Marie Johnston534,Karen R. Jonscher535,Philippe G. Jorens536,Jens O. L. Jorgensen537,Johan W. Joubert538,Sin-Ho Jung539,Antonio M. Junior540,Thomas Kahan541,Sunjeev K. Kamboj542,Yong-Kook Kang543,Yannis Karamanos544,Natasha A. Karp545,Ryan Kelly546,Ralph Kenna547,Jonathan Kennedy548,Birgit Kersten549,Roy A. Khalaf550,Javaria M. Khalid551,T. Khatlani552,Tarig Khider553,Gregor S. Kijanka554,Sarah R. B. King555,Tomasz Kluz556,Paul Knox557,Tatsuya Kobayashi558,Karl-Wilhelm Koch559,Maija R. J. Kohonen-Corish560,Xiangpeng Kong561,Deborah Konkle-Parker562,Kalevi M. Korpela563,Leondios G. Kostrikis564,Peter Kraiczy565,Harald Kratz566,G\u00fcnter Krause567,Paul H. Krebsbach568,S\u00f8ren R. Kristensen569,Prerna Kumari570,Akira Kunimatsu571,Hatice Kurdak572,Young D. Kwon573,Carl Lachat574,Malgorzata Lagisz575,Brenda Laky576,Jan Lammerding577,Matthias Lange578,Mar Larrosa579,Andrew L. Laslett581,Elizabeth E. LeClair582,Kyung-Woo Lee583,Ming-Yih Lee584,Moon-Soo Lee585,Genyuan Li586,Jiansheng Li587,Klaus Lieb588,Yau Y. Lim589,Merry L. Lindsey590,Paul-Dag Line591,Dengcai Liu592,Fengbin Liu274,Haiyan Liu593,Hongde Liu594,Vett K. Lloyd595,Te-Wen Lo596,Emanuela Locci597,Josef Loidl598,Johan Lorenzen599,Stefan Lorkowski600,Nigel H. Lovell601,Hua Lu602,Wei Lu603,Zhiyong Lu604,Gustavo S. Luengo605,Lars-Gunnar Lundh606,Philippe A. Lysy607,Angela Mabb608,Heather G. Mack609,David A. Mackey610,S. R. Mahdavi611,Pamela Maher612,Toby Maher613,Sankar N. Maity614,Brigitte Malgrange615,Charalampos Mamoulakis616,Arduino A. Mangoni617,Thomas Manke618,Antony S. R. Manstead619,Athanasios Mantalaris620,Jan Marsal621,Hanns-Ulrich Marschall622,Francis L. Martin623,Jose Martinez-Raga624,Encarnacion Martinez-Salas625,Daniel Mathieu626,Yoichi Matsui627,Elie Maza628,James E. McCutcheon629,Gareth J. McKay630,Brian McMillan631,Nigel McMillan632,Catherine Meads633,Loreta Medina634,B. Alex Merrick635,Dennis W. Metzger636,Frederic A. Meunier637,Martin Michaelis638,Olivier Micheau639,Hisaaki Mihara640,Eric M. Mintz641,Takuo Mizukami642,Yann Moalic643,D. P. Mohapatra644,Antonia Monteiro645,Matthieu Montes646,John V. Moran647,Sergey Y. Morozov427,Matthew Mort648,Noriyuki Murai649,Denis J. Murphy650,Susan K. Murphy651,Shauna A. Murray652,Shinji Naganawa653,Srinivas Nammi654,Grigorios Nasios655,Roman M. Natoli656,Frederique Nguyen657,Christine Nicol658,Filip van Nieuwerburgh659,Erlend B. Nilsen660,Clarissa J. Nobile661,Margaret O\u2019Mahony662,Sophie Ohlsson663,Oluremi Olatunbosun664,Per Olofsson665,Alberto Ortiz666,Kostya Ostrikov667,Siegmar Otto668,Tiago F. Outeiro472,Songying Ouyang669,Sabrina Paganoni670,Andrew Page671,Christoph Palm672,Yin Paradies470,Michael H. Parsons673,Nick Parsons674,Pigny Pascal675,Elisabeth Paul676,Michelle Peckham677,Nicoletta Pedemonte678,Michael A. Pellizzon679,M. Petrelli680,Alexander Pichugin681,Carlos J. C. Pinto682,John N. Plevris683,Piero Pollesello684,Martin Polz685,Giovanna Ponti686,Piero Porcelli297,Martin Prince687,Gwendolyn P. Quinn688,Terence J. 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Azubuike1209,Anders Bach-Mortensen1210,Lior Baltiansky1211,Martin Bartas1212,Kiflemariam Y. Belachew1213,Vivek Bhardwaj1214,Karin Binder636,Nicholas S. Bland1215,Michael Boah1216,Benjamin Bullen1217,Giovanna E. Calabr\u00f21218,Tiffany J. Callahan1219,Bing Cao1220,Kelsey Chalmers1221,Wei Chang1222,Zhengping Che1223,Andrew T. Y. Chen1224,Haimin Chen233,Huaming Chen1225,Youning Chen1226,Zhao Chen1227,YoungRok Choi1228,Mohiuddin A. K. Chowdhury1229,Martin R. Christensen1230,Robert S. C. Cooke1231,Marzia Cottini1232,Natalie V. Covington1233,Catriona Cunningham1234,Julien Delarocque1235,Lucie Devos1236,Aurup R. Dhar1237,Ke-Feng Ding1238,Kexian Dong1239,Zheng Dong1240,Niklas Dreyer1241,Chelsea Ekstrand1242,Tanguy Fardet1243,Berhanu E. Feleke1039,Thomas Feurer1244,Angela Freitas1245,Tian Gao1246,N.G. Asefa1247,Francesco Giganti690,Piotr Grabowski1248,Jos\u00e9 R. Guerra-Mora1249,Chengying Guo1250,Xinyi Guo1251,Himanshu Gupta1252,Shuonan He1253,Marloes Heijne1254,Stephanie Heinemann1255,Alexander Hogrebe1256,Zhengping Huang1257,Sophinese Iskander-Rizk1258,Lavanya M. Iyer1259,Yasmin Jahan1260,Ameh S. James1201,Emmanuel Joel1261,Bastian Joffroy1262,Clara J\u00e9gousse1263,George Kambondo1264,Priyanka Karnati1265,Cihan Kaya1266,An Ke1267,Daniel Kelly1268,Rob Kickert1269,Peter E. Kidibule1270,Jennifer P. Kieselmann1271,Hyeon J. Kim1272,Takeshi Kitazawa1273,Aniek Lamberts1274,You Li1275,Huakang Liang1276,Sabrina N. Linn1,Thomas Litfin1277,Wang Liusuo1278,Vasiliki Lygirou1279,Ajay K. Mahato1280,Zhi-Ming Mai1281,Rupert W. Major1282,Samira Mali1283,Panagiotis Mallis484,Wenzhi Mao1284,Wenzhi Mao1285,Katie Marvin-Dowle211,Leanda D. Mason1286,Ben Merideth1287,Maria J. Merino-Plaza1288,Britt Merlaen1289,Rossella Messina1290,Anand K. Mishra1291,Junaid Muhammad1292,Conrad Musinguzi1293,Afroditi Nanou1294,Amreen Naqash1295,Joe T. Nguyen1296,Thi T. H. Nguyen1297,Duan Ni1298,Nida1299,Shirli Notcovich1300,Barnabas Ohst1301,Quinn R. Ollivier703,Dani\u00ebl F. Osses1302,Xiangda Peng1303,Arnoud Plantinga1304,Michael Pulia1305,Muhammad Rafiq1306,Ayush Raman1307,Delphine Raucher-Ch\u00e9n\u00e91308,Rafa\u0142 Rawski1309,Asit Ray1310,Lubna A. Razak1311,Kevin Rudolf1312,Peter Rusch1313,Margaux L. Sadoine1314,Axel Schmidt1315,Roey Schurr1316,Stephen Searles1317,Saurab Sharma1318,Barry Sheehan1319,Chunhu Shi1320,Belal Shohayeb1321,Andrew Sommerlad1322,Jan Strehlow1323,Xianbao Sun1324,Raghav Sundar1,Ghazaleh Taherzadeh1325,Nur D. M. Tahir1326,Jun Tang1327,Jean Testa139,Zhiqi Tian1328,Qian Tingting846,Geert P. Verheijen1329,Casey Vickstrom1330,Teng Wang1331,Xiaomin Wang1332,Zhenxing Wang1333,Pan Wei1145,Alex Wilson1334,Wyart1335,Abdul-Amir Yassine1336,Abbas Yousefzadeh1337,Asma Zare1338,Zhen Zeng1339,Chengrong Zhang1340,Haowen Zhang1341,Linxing Zhang2,Tongchuan Zhang208,Weijia Zhang2,Zhe Zhang1342,Jianyu Zhou1343,Dongjie Zhu1344,Vincenzo Adamo1345,Adebolajo A. Adeyemo1346,Maria Aggelidou1347,Adi M. Al-Owaifeer1348,Arwa Z. Al-Riyami1349,Saeed K. Alzghari1350,Vibeke Andersen1351,Kathryn Angus1352,Muhammad Asaduzzaman1353,Hadi Asady1354,Dai Ato1355,Xiaoyong Bai1356,Rebecca L. Baines1357,Maghan Ballantyne1358,Bo Ban1359,Jill Beck426,Walid Ben-Nafa1360,Emma Black1361,Antoine Blancher1362,Ron Blankstein1363,Neil Bodagh1364,Paulo A. V. Borges1320,Anastasia Brooks1365,Josue Brox-Ponce1366,Arturo Brunetti1367,Colin D. Canham1368,Piero Carninci1369,Richard Carvajal1370,Shun C. Chang1371,Jie Chao1372,Pranab Chatterjee1373,He Chen1375,Yi-Chun Chen1376,Adnan K. Chhatriwalla1377,Ibrahim Chikowe1378,Trees-Juen Chuang1379,Rosane G. Collevatti1380,Diego A. Valera-Cornejo1381,Ana Cuenda1382,Myriam Dao1383,Delphine Dauga1384,Zaian Deng1385,Kiran Devkota1386,Lisa V. Doan1387,Yaser H. A. Elewa1388,Dongsheng Fan1389,Mohammed Faruk1390,Shi Feifei1391,Trevor S. Ferguson1392,Francesco Fleres1393,Emma J. Foster1394,C. Stephen Foster1395,Tzvi Furer1396,Yibo Gao1397,Enid J. Garcia-Rivera1398,Adi Gazdar1399,Ronald B. George1400,Sayantan Ghosh1401,Elena Gianchecchi1402,Joshua M. Gleason1403,Allan Hackshaw1404,Adam Hall1405,Richard Hall1406,Paul Harper1407,William E. Hogg1408,Guangqun Huang1409,Kylie E. Hunter1410,Adriaan P. IJzerman1411,Carlos Jesus1412,Gao Jian1413,James S. Lewis Jr.1414,Souha S. Kanj1415,Harsheen Kaur1416,Shona Kelly1417,Fayez Kheir1418,V. S. Kichatova1419,Musa Kiyani1420,Reinhild Klein1421,Tom Kovesi1422,Jennifer L. Kraschnewski1423,Addanki P. Kumar1424,Dmitry Labutin1425,Alejandro Lazo-Langner1426,Guy Leclercq1427,Maoteng Li1428,Qingchun Li1429,Tangliang Li1430,Yongzhe Li1431,Wei-Ting Liao1432,Zheng-yin Liao1433,Jessica Lin1434,J. Lizer1435,Giambattista Lobreglio1436,Cher Lowies1437,Cheng Lu1438,Haroon Majeed1439,Adam Martin1440,Luis Martinez-Sobrido1441,Edwin Meresh1442,Marianne Middelveen1443,Alireza Mohebbi1444,Jorge Mota1445,Zahra Mozaheb1446,Ley Muyaya1447,Amar Nandhakumar1448,Sheryl H. X. Ng1449,Monther Obeidat1450,Deog-Hwan Oh1451,Mohammed Owais1452,Pia Pace-Asciak1453,Ajay Panwar341,Caroline Park1013,Chris Patterson1454,Felipe Penagos-Tabaree1455,Paolo T. Pianosi1456,Valentina Pinzi778,Clare Pridans1458,Anna Psaroulaki1459,Ravi Kumar Pujala1460,Leonardo Pulido-Arjona591,Peng-Fei Qi1461,Proton Rahman1462,Nayanjot K. Rai1463,Tienush Rassaf1464,Julie Refardt1217,Walter Ricciardi1465,Olaf Riess1466,Alexandros Rovas1467,Frank M. Sacks1468,Sherif Saleh1469,Christopher Sampson1470,Axel Schmutz1471,Robert Sepanski1472,Neeraj Sharma1473,Manisha Singh1474,Paul Spearman1475,Mehala Subramaniapillai1476,Ritu Swali1477,Cher M. Tan1478,Juan I. Tellechea1479,Lisa-Marie Thomas1408,Xin Tong1480,Demetrios G. Vavvas1481,Ralf Veys1482,Veronica Vitriol1483,Horng-Dar Wang1484,Jinhui Wang1239,Jiucun Wang1485,Jason Waugh1486,S. A. Webb1487,Brendan A. Williams1488,Alan D. Workman1489,Tingxiu Xiang1490,Li-Xin Xie1491,Jun Xu1492,Taosheng Xu1493,Chongjun Yang1494,Jihoon G. Yoon1495,Christina M. Yuan1496,Arno Zaritsky1497,Yao Zhang1498,Haochen Zhao1499,Hannah Zuckerman1,Ran Lyu1Wayne Pullan3. Department of Medicine / Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO, USA;4. Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt;5. Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany;6. Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany;7. Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA;8. Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland;9. Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria;10. Department of Macromolecular Structures, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain;11.Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;12. Biodiversity Institute, Division of Entomology, University of Kansas, KS, USA;13. The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA;14. Department for Methods Development and Research Infrastructure, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany;15. Department of Surgical and Conservative Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany;16. Department of BioHealth Informatics, IU School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University-Purdue University, IN, USA;17. School of Pharmacy, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Reading, UK;18. School of Engineering, Dali University, Dali City, Yunnan Province, China;19. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany;20. Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan;21. Aghyle, UniLaSalle, Beauvais, France;22. Department of Immunology, Henry Ford Health System, Michigan, US;23. Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China;24. Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Istituto Nazionale Tumori. Fondazione Pascale. IRCCS, Napoli, Italy;25. Department of Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;26. Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, UK;27. Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland;28. Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padova, Italy;29. Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands;30. Institut de Biologie Mol\u00e9culaire et Cellulaire (IBMC), University of Strasbourg, France;31. Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany;32. Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA;33. Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;34. Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, AL, USA;35. KK Research Centre, KK Women\u2019s And Children\u2019s Hospital, Singapore;36. Educational Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA;37. Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional & Surgical Sciences, University College London, UK;38. Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands;39. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA;40. Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Padova, Italy;41. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;42. Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia;43. Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus;44. Agricultural Big-Data Research Center, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China;45. Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;46. Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA;47. Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, UK;48. Bioinformatics, TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, Straubing, Germany;49. Cardiovascular Research, University of Michigan, MI, USA;50. Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India;51. Developmental Neurobiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biologicas Clemente Estable, Uruguay;52. Surgical Gastroenterology and HPB Surgery, Gem Hospital & Research Centre, Coimbatore, India;53. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kafr El Sheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt;54. Deparment of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria;55. Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia;56. Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab., Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy;57. Medical Entomology, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong, China;58. School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan;59. Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan;60. Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, PCMD, ICCBS, University of Karachi, 75270-Karachi, Pakistan;61. labormedizinisches zentrum Dr Risch, Vaduz, Liechtenstein;62. Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand;63. Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women\u2019s And Children\u2019s Hospital, Singapore;64. G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Germany;65. Institute of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany;66. Surgery, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland;67. Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia;68. Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK;69. Punggol Polyclinic, SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore;70. Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria;71. Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;72. INRA, University of Bordeaux, France;73. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, Canada;74. Trauma and Orthopaedics, St George\u2019s Hospital, London, UK;75. Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, T\u00fcbingen, Germany;76. 2nd Department of Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland;77. ICSI Analytics, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies \u2013 I.C.I.T. Ramnicu Valcea, VL, Romania;78. Occupational Therapy, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa;79. Joint Department of Physics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK;80. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden;81. Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;82. Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Uruguay;83. Department of Medical Biochemistry & Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;84. Pediatric Cardiology, Charit\u00e9 Medical University of Berlin, Germany;85. Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy;86. Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Northwest, Gary, IN, USA;87. Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, Germany;88. The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland & Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;89. School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;90. Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA;91. Music, Durham University, Durham, UK;92. Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece;93. School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University M\u00fcnchen, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354, Freising, Germany;94. Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany;95. Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA;96. Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;97. Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, France;98. School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia;99. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia;100. Department of Biohealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University-Purdue University, IN, USA;101. Institute for Lung Research, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany;102. Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA;103. Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;104. Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA;105. Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan;106. Institute for Virus Diagnostics, Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany;107. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK;108. Department of Bioinformatics, Technical University of Munich, M\u00fcnchen, Germany;109. School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia;110. Cancer Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA;111. Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria;112. Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany;113. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;114. Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA;115. Medical Biology and Genetics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey;116. National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;117. Internal Medicine I, Medical University Hospital, T\u00fcbingen, Germany;118. Netelabs, NET ESolutions, McLean, VA, USA;119. Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;120. Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK;121. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Precinct, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia;122. Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, UK;123. Institute for Biochemistry, University of Muenster, Germany;124. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health (RSPH), The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia;125. Neurobiology and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA;126. Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK;127. School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia;128. Center for Climate Change Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA;129. School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia;130. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China;131. Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA;132. Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy;133. Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy;134. Department of Bioinformatics & Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China;135. School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;136. Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Paris, France;137. Department of Sociology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK;138. Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany;139. Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA;140. Biology, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada;141. Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France;142. Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;143. Ultrafast Solid State Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany;144. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK;145. Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt;146. Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA;147. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China;148. Child Psychiatry, Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for Children and Youth, Belgrade, Serbia, Belgrade;149. Medical Physics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;150. Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology of College of Dentistry, Departments of Preventive & Community Dentistry, Biomedical Engineering, and Biostatistics, University of Iowa City, IA, USA;151. Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioural Neurobiology, University T\u00fcbingen, Germany;152. Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria;153. College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA;154. Discipline of ICT, School of Technology, Environments and Design, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia;155. Radiology, Children\u2019s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA;156. Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden;157. Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;158. CSIRO Manufacturing, CSIRO, Pullenvale, QLD, Australia;159. Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;160. Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa;161. Mechanisms of Induced Plasticity of the Brain, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany;162. Developmental Biology and Cancer, Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK;163. Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada;164. Centre for Health Informatics, University of Manchester, UK;165. School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;166. Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA;167. Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA;168. Dermatology, Skin and Cancer Foundation, Carlton, VIC, Australia;169. Divisions of Hematology/Oncology & Infectious Disease, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;170. Office of Biotechnology Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC, USA;171. Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA;172. Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia;173. National Infection Service, Public Health England, Bristol, UK;174. Faculty of Science - Chemistry, Utrecht University, Netherlands;175. Pathology, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland;176. National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, UK;177. Neurodegeneration, Danube Private University, Krems/Donau, Austria;178. Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, UK;179. Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Finland;180. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;181. Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, University of Nottingham, UK;182. ITAV USR3505 CNRS, University of Toulouse, France;183. University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;184. CZ-Openscreen, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic;185. Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Finland;186. School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada;187. Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA;188. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Center, Ottawa, ON, Canada;189. Material Design and Characterization, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Germany;190. Internal Medicine, Unversity of Genova, Italy;191. Intelligent Catheter \u2013 INKS, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany;192. Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, OH, USA;193. Structural Biology, CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK;194. Medical RNA Biology, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany;195. PEIRENE EA 7500, University of Limoges, France;196. Veterinary Medicine, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China;197. Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University College London, UK;198. Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Finland;199. Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany;200. Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University Stuttgart, Germany;201. School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China;202. Medical Oncology, GIGA-Research Institute & CHULi\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium;203. MPBA, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy;204. Department of Neurobiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan;205. Oncology, University of Leuven, Belgium;206. Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, G\u00f6teborg, Sweden;207. Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands;208. School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia;209. Department of Computational Biology, Bio-Thera Solutions Ltd., Guangzhou, China;210. Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitario de Granada IBS.Granada, Spain;211. School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia;212. Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK;213. Institute of Pharm. Biology/DCAL, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany;214. UMR 5246 Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Mol\u00e9culaires et Supramol\u00e9culaires (ICBMS), Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, France;215. Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France;216. Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Spain;217. Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Caserta, Italy;218. Preclinical Pharmacology and In Vitro Toxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany;219. School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia;220. Oncology Lifecycle Management Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan;221. Institute of Neurobiology, University of L\u00fcbeck, Germany;222. Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA;223. Department of Plant Pathology, University Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia;224. Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA;225. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, UK;226. Genetics and Immunology Research Group, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, UK;227. Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Germany;228. Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, New Delhi, India;229. School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK;230. Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK;231. Basic Research, Parkinson\u2019s Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, CA, USA;232. Environmental Research and Innovation, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg;233. School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia;234. Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari-Italy;235. College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia;236. Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA;237. Behavioral & Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA;238. Zoology & Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa;239. Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal;240. Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland;241. Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Service, Institute Ulm, Germany;242. Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women\u2019s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan;243. Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland;244. Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada;245. StatSol, L\u00fcbeck, Germany and School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa;246. Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM);247. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;248. Family Medicine Research Division, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA;249. Multimodal Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore;250. Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, University of Leuven, Belgium;251. International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal;252. Computing and Technology, Anglia Ruskin, Cambridge, UK;253. Structural Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Planegg, Germany;254. Department of Computer Architecture and Technology, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain;255. EBIO, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA;256. Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, UK;257. Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia;258. Bio-systems, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore;259. Musculoskeletal Health and Ageing Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;260. General Surgery, St. Josef Hospital - Ruhr University Bochum, Germany;261. College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China;262. Division of Plant Science, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia;263. Clinical and Nonclinical Research, Battelle, Columbus, OH, USA;264. Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA;265. Institute of Medical Mycology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan;266. Bioinformatics, Tempus Labs, Chicago, IL, USA;267. College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China;269. FutureNeuro Research Centre, Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland;270. Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland;271. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany;272. Biology, Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA;273. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;274. School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China;275. Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA;276. Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, NY, USA;277. Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Germany;278. Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China;279. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Italy;280. Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands;281. EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA;282. Cardiovascular Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;283. Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland;284. Animal Science, University of Lleida, Spain;285. Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL, USA;286. Earth and Biological Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA;287. Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK;288. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;289. Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;290. Biomedical Sciences - Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy unit, Humanitas University and Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy;291. Department of Quantum Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia;292. Ecological Genomics, University of Oldenburg, Germany;293. Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;294. School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada;295. Department of Education Support, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands;296. Mathematics, University of Manchester, UK;297. School of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King\u2019s College London, UK;298. Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;299. Epidemiology, Public Health School, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China;300. Department of Chemistry, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Troms\u00f8, Norway;301. Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA;302. Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China;303. Faculty of Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany;304. Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA;305. Complex Adaptive Traits Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany;306. Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre - Respiratory, Leicester, UK;307. Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA;308. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Gujarat, India;309. Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Japan;310. Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), in vivo Research Facility (ivRF), University of Cologne,Germany;311. Department of Public Health Science, National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria;312. Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany;313. Geography, National University of Singapore;314. College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;315. Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco;316. Exercise Biology Group, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Germany;317. Departamento de Psicolox\u00eda Social, B\u00e1sica e Metodolox\u00eda, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galiza, Spain;318. Signal Processing Laboratory, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;319. Department of Neurology, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Belgium;320. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium;321. Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA;322. Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK;323. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China;324. Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark;325. Medical Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Lady Cilento Children\u2019s Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;326. Nursing and Reproductive Health, School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Brikama, Gambia;327. Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;328. Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA;329. Otolaryngology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, Scotland;330. Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada;331. Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;332. Emergency Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA;333. Pathology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA;334. Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA;335. Translational Research NTMS, University of Pisa, Italy;336. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Grecia University, Catanzaro, Italy;337. Pediatrics, Larner College of Medicine University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA;338. Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China;339. Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;340. College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China;341. Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, ON, Canada;342. ARCPOH, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia;343. Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang, Indonesia;344. Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore;345. MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, UK;346. Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padua, Padova, Italy;347. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany;348. Center for Molecular Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China;349. Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin United Family Healthcare, Tianjin, China;350. Departament d\u2019Enginyeria Qu\u00edmica Biol\u00f2gica i Ambiental, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Spain;351. Department of Animal Science, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil;353. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan;354. Veterinary Clinical, Sao Paulo State University, Paulo, Brazil;355. Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;356. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark;357. Maternal and Fetal Health, St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, University of Manchester, UK;358. Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA;359. Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA;360. Plant Production, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;361. Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences;362. Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;363. School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK;364. Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;365. Department of Chemistry, Ume\u00e5 University, Ume\u00e5 Sweden;366. Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Bristol, UK;367. DISTABIF, Universit\u00e0 della Campania \u201dL. Vanvitelli\u201d, Caserta, Italy;368. Obstetrics and Gyanecology, Bartshealth, London, UK;369. GReD Laboratory, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France;370. INRA, Abeilles et Environnement, Avignon, France;371. School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;372. Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;373. Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk State University, Russia;374. Department of Chemistry, University College London, UK;375. Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;376. Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA;377. ERIBA, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Netherlands;378. Department of Radiation Physics, Institution of Clinical Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;379. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA;380. Centro de Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Bahia, Brazil;381. Food, Water and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Science & Research (ESR), Christchurch, New Zealand;382. Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand;383. Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA;384. Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;385. Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, Germany;386. Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium;387. Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece;388. Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, UZB University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Switzerland;389. Institut Syst\u00e9matique, Evolution, Biodiversit\u00e9 (ISYEB), UMR 7205 MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Universit\u00e9-EPHE, Museum National d\u2019Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France;390. Institute for Advanced Bioscience, CNRS, France;391. School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia;392. Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, South Africa;393. Physics, University T\u00fcbingen, Germany;394. School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;395. Statistics and Standardised Methods, Philosophisch-Theologische Hochschule Vallendar, Germany;396. Life Sciences, Imperial College London, UK;397. Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia;398. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA;399. FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Ireland;400. Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France;401. Grupo BRAINSHARK, Departamento de Biolox\u00eda Funcional, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galiza, Spain;402. Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, NE, USA;403. Departament de Gen\u00e8tica i Microbiologia, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Spain;404. Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy;405. Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, UK;406. Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS, University of Montpellier, France;407. Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic;408. Computational Systems Biology Group, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain;409. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan;410. Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;411. Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China;412. School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia;413. Gynecology, JT Chen Clinic, Tokyo, Japan;414. Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia;415. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China;416. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA;417. Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands;418. Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary;419. Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China;420. Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA;421. Neurology, G B Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India;422. Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;423. Section of Endocrinology, Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Italy;424. Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology (NPP), University College London, UK;425. Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;426. School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Manchester, UK;427. Institute of Medical Genetics, Cardiff University, UK;428. ICO Cancer Center, Inserm, Angers, France;429. Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka;431. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal;432. Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, UK;433. Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA;434. Escola de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Biol\u00f3gicas, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica de Goi\u00e1s, Brazil;435. Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China;436. Chemistry, Boston University, MA, USA;437. Environmental Science, American University, Washington, DC, USA;438. Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada;439. Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, SK, Canada;440. Microbiolgy, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada;441. Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, UK;442. School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia;443. BIOM, CNRS, France;444. The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, UK;445. Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia;446. Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK;447. Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Belgium;448. Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;449. Biology Education, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey;450. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA;451. Pulmonary Disease, Mondo Medico, Borgomanero, Italy;452. U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Washington, DC, USA;453. Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway;454. Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Peking University, Beijing, China;455. Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany;456. Skin Research Institute, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France;457. Research & Development, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China;458. Epidemiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA;459. Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany;460. Research, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar;461. Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Germany;462. Emergency Medicine, Brigham & Women\u2019s Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;463. Forage Science, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand;464. Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA;465. Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA;466. Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK;467. respiratory medicine, Aneurin Bevan University Healthboard, Newport, UK;468. Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA;469. UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia;470. Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA;471. Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland;472. College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fujian, China;473. Department of Frontier Fiber Technology and Science, University of Fukui, Japan;474. Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK;475. Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino, Italy;476. Allergology Unit, Ospedale San Luigi, Torino, Italy;477. Department of Urology, Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital, Gujarat, India;478. Stratigraphy and Paleontology, University of Granada, Spain;479. School of Veterinary Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand;480. High Performance Computing and Networking Institute, National Research Council, Naples, Italy;481. Division of Metabolism and Children\u2019s Research Center, University Children\u2019s Hospital Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland;482. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia;483. Leptospirosis Research and Expertise Unit, Institut Pasteur, Noumea, New Caledonia;484. School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;485. Biology Animal Department, Sciences Faculty, Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;486. Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA;487. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, Canada;488. Performance Management and Evaluation, Alberta Innovates, Edmonton, AB, Canada;489. Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterr\u00e1nea \u201dLa Mayora\u201d (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de M\u00e1laga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Spain;490. College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia;491. Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy;492. University of Montpellier, France;493. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Floreat, WA, Australia;494. Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;495. Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA;496. KFU-RIKEN Translational Genomics Unit, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan;497. Neurobiology of Vocal Communication, University T\u00fcbingen, Germany;498. UCCS center for the Biofrontiers Institute, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, CO, USA;499. Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA;500. Primary Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland;501. Department of Molecular Genetics and Infection Biology, Universit\u00e4t Greifswald, Germany;502. Department of Fine Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China;503. Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;504. R&D, Oragenics, Tampa, FL, USA;505. Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore;506. Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Insel Riems, Greifswald, Germany;507. Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hosptal, Woodville, SA, Australia;508. Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, USDA, NY, USA;509. Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Germany;510. Information and Technology Studies, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;511. Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan;512. Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA;513. Directorate of Transplant, Renal and Urology, Guy\u2019s & St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK;514. Clinic for Heart, Blood Vessel and Rheumatic Diseases, Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo;515. School of Mathematics, Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Kent, UK;516. Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan;517. Laser Center Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics, University of Applied Sciences Munich, Germany;518. Nanodevices, CIC nanoGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain;519. Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands;520. Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University Medical School, UK;521. Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden;522. Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan;523. Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia;524. Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland;525. Campus Clinic Gynecology, Ruhr-University Bochum Universit\u00e4tsstr, Bochum, Germany;526. Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China;527. Center for Molecular Diagnostics, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China;528. Herpetological Department, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China;529. Key Laboratory of Nano Biological Effects and Safety, Beijing, China;530. PK Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research (NIBR), Basel, Switzerland;531. Pain Center, Daejeon St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, Daejeon, Korea;532. School of Health Studies, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada;533. Health Psychology Group, University of Aberdeen, UK;534. Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO, USA;535. Critical Care Medicine, UZA , University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium;536. Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark;537. Industrial and Systems Engineering, Centre for Transport Development, University of Pretoria, South Africa;538. Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, NC, USA;539. Medical, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences School, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica de Goi\u00e1s, Brazil;540. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;541. Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, UK;542. Development and Differentiation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB);543. Laboratoire de la Barri\u00e8re H\u00e9mato-enc\u00e9phalique, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Artois, Arras, France;544. Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK;545. Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA;546. Statistical Physics Group, Applied Maths Research Centre, Coventry University, UK;547. Invista Performance Technologies, The Wilton Centre, Cleveland, UK;548. Genome Research, Th\u00fcnen Institute of Forest Genetics, Gro\u00dfhansdorf, Germany;549. Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon;550. Evidence and Value Generation, Takeda, Osaka, Japan;551. Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;552. Industries - Pulp and Paper, University of Bahri, Khartoum, Sudan;553. Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Mater Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;554. NREL, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA;555. Ob/Gyn Department, Rzeszow University Hospital, Rzeszow, Poland;556. Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, UK;557. Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;558. Neuroscience, University of Oldenburg, Germany;559. Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW,z Australia;560. Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, NY, USA;561. Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA;562. Faculty of Social Sciences / Psychology, Tampere University, Finland;563. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus;564. Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany;565. Institute for Radiology, Charit\u00e9 Medical University of Berlin, Germany;566. Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Germany;567. Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA;568. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark;569. Pharmacy Practice, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India;570. Department of Radiology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan;571. Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, \u00c7ukurova University, Adana, Turkey;572. Department of Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea;573. Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Belgium;574. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences (BEES), UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia;575. Research Unit, St. Vincent Shoulder & Sports Clinic Vienna, Austria;576. Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA;577. Research Group Bioinformatics And Information Technology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Germany;578. School of Doctoral Studies, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain;579. Biomedical Manufacturing, CSIRO Manufacturing, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;581. Biological Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA;582. Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea;583. Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan;584. Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea;585. Chemistry, Princeton University, NJ, USA;586. Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, China;587. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany;588. School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia;589. Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA;590. Department of Transplantation Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway;591. Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China;592. Gastroenterology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China;593. School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China;594. Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB, Canada;595. Biology, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY, USA;596. Department of medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy;597. Chromosome Biology, University of Vienna, Austria;598. Nephrology, University of Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland;599. Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany;600. Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia;601. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA;602. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;603. NCBI, NLM, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;604. L'Or\u00e9al Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France;605. Department of Psychology, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden;606. Institut de Recherche Exp\u00e9rimentale et Clinique, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium;607. Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA;608. Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia;609. Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia;610. Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;611. Cellular Neurobiology, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA;612. Fibrosis Research Group, Imperial College London, UK;613. Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Andersson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA;614. GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liege, Belgium;615. Urology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece;616. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia;617. Bioinformatics, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Breisgau, Germany;618. School of Psychology, Cardiff University, UK;619. Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK;620. Clinical Sciences, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden;621. Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institution of Clinical Science;622. School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK;623. Psychiatry & Clinical Psychology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain;624. Genome Dynamics and Function, Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain;625. Department of Intensive Care, Unviversity Hospital of Lille, France;626. Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan;627. Laboratory of Genomics and Biotechnology of Fruit, \u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, France;628. Institute for Psychology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromst\u00f8, Norway;629. Centre for Public Health, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, UK;630. Centre for Primary Care and Health Services Research, University of Manchester, UK;631. Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia;632. FHSCE, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK;633. Department of Experimental Medicine, Universitat de Lleida, Spain;634. Biomolecular Screening Branch, Division National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NC, USA;635. Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, NY, USA;636. Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;637. School of Biosciences, University of Kent, UK;638. LNC, UMR 1231, Inserm, Universit\u00e9 Bourgogne Franche-Comt\u00e9, Cedex, France;639. Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan;640. Biological Sciences, Kent State University, OH, USA;641. Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Product, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan;642. Laboratory of Microbiology of Extreme Environments, European Institute for Marine Studies, Plouzan\u00e9, France;643. Department of Pharmacology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA;644. Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore;645. Laboratoire GBA, EA4627, Conservatoire National des Arts et M\u00e9tiers, Paris, France;646. Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, MI, USA;647. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia;648. Department of Molecular Biology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;649. Genomics & Computational Biology, University of South Wales, Treforest, UK;650. Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA;651. Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia;652. Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi Prefecture, Japan;653. School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia;654. Department of Speech and Language Therapy, TEI of Epirus, Ioannina, Greece;655. Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University-Purdue University, IN, USA;656. Veterinary Pathology, Oniris, Nantes, France;657. Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK;658. Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Belgium;659. Terrestrial Ecology, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway;660. Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Merced, CA, USA;661. Centre for Transport Research, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Ireland;662. Nephrology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden;663. Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, UK;664. OB/GYN, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;665. Nephrology and Hypertension, Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez Diaz Hospital, Madrid, Spain;666. School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;667. Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany;668. Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, Germany;669. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;670. Scientific Operations, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK;671. Regensburg Medical Image Computing (ReMIC), Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Regensburg (OTH Regensburg), Germany;672. Faculty of Arts and Education, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;673. Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK;674. Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France;675. Tax Institute, Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, Belgium;676. School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, UK;677. UOC Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy;678. Science, Research Diets, Inc., New Brunswick, NJ, USA;679. Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Italy;680. Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA;681. Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Departament, Biological Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil;682. Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders, The Royal Infirmary, University of Edinburgh, UK;683. Critical Care Proprietary Products Division, Orion Pharma, Espoo, Finland;684. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;685. Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Italy;686. Dept. Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti, Italy;687. OB-GYN, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA;688. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK;689. Department of Biology, University of Turku, Finland;690. Bioanalytics, Technische Universitaet Berlin, Germany;691. University of Goettingen, Third Institute of Physics - Biophysics, Germany;692. Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology (TRACTION), Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA;693. Life Sciences, University of Li\u00e8ge, Belgium;694. Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;695. Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Stoneville, MS, USA;696. RCI Regensburg Center of Interventional Immunology, University of Regensburg, Germany;697. School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, UK;698. Laboratory of Pathology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;699. Electrical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain;700. Chemical Biology, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal;701. CIET, University of Costa Rica;702. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Norway;703. Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands;704. School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK;705. Institute for Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (IBIS), Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany;706. Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Netherlands;707. Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria;708. Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, NSW, Australia;709. Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;710. Medicine / Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada;711. Cell and Gene Therapy, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK;712. Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy;713. Department of Radiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany;714. Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany;715. Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria;716. Social and Behavioral Health Sciences Division, FHI 360, Washington, DC, USA;717. VIB Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven, Belgium;718. Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Germany;719. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;720. Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Meiji University, Kawasakishi, Japan;721. Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;722. Johnson & Johnson EAME, Maidenhead, UK;723. Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, PA, USA;724. Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA;725. ARC CoE Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia;726. Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands;727. Department of Neuroimaging, King\u2019s College London, UK;728. Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Murcia, Spain;729. Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA;730. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Univerity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;731. Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;732. Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA;733. Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland;734. School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;735. Genebank, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Germany;736. Research and Development, Piramal Imaging, Berlin, Germany;737. Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, UK;738. Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri St. Louis, MO, USA;739. Coastal and Marine Geology Program, US Geological Survey, USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA, USA;740. Ajinomoto-Genetika Research Institute, Moscow, Russia;741. Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krak\u00f3w, Poland;742. Engineering Science and Materials, University of Puerto Rico, Mayag\u00fcez, PR, USA;743. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, SK, Canada;744. Center for Nanoscale Materiaals, Argonne National Laboratory, IL, USA;745. Sunshine Coast Mind & Neuroscience - Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia;746. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China;747. Griffith Centre for Social and Cultural Research, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia;748. Department of Molecular Oncology, Inst Dev Aging Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;749. Computer Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA;750. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan;751. Biology, MEDIVIR AB, Huddinge, Sweden;752. Neuroimmunology, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia;753. Nutrition and Food Technology, The University of Jordan;754. Institute of Biodiversity, Federal Research Center for Rura Areas, Forestry and Fisheries, Th\u00fcnen Institute of Forest Genetics, Gro\u00dfhansdorf, Germany;755. Institute of Cell Biology and the Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, UK;756. Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, ON, Canada;757. Graduate Education and Research, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, ON, Canada;758. R&D, Agilent Technologies, Leuven, Belgium;759. School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;760. Stroke and Ageing Research, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Univerity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;761. Biology, Transfer, Innovations, French National Cancer Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt, France;762. NanoBioSciences, Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany;763. Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia;764. Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg;765. Department of Gastroenterology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden;766. Translational Genetics, Millennium Health, San Diego, CA, USA;767. Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Unit, Second Medical Department, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece;768. Department of Psychology, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Piotrk\u00f3w Trybunalski Branch, Poland;769. Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada;770. Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy;771. Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University;772. Department of Breast Surgery, Fujita Health University, Aich, Japan;773. Spinal Injuries Centre, North West Regional Spinal Injuries Centre, Merseyside, UK;774. Competence Centre in Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health;775. Metabolic Health, Nestle Institute of Health Sciences SA, \u00c9cublens, Vaud, Switzerland;776. VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium and Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;777. Curr\u00edculo, forma\u00c7\u00e3o de professores e tecnologia, Instituto de Educa\u00c7\u00e3o da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal;778. Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, UK;779. School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia;780. Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK;781. Endocrinology, University of Valencia, Spain;782. INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, INRS, Laval, QC, Canada;783. School of Nutrition, INAF, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, QC, Canada;784. Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany;785. Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, LAMHESS, France;786. Systems Ecology, Scion, Christchurch, New Zealand;787. Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, NY, USA;788. School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;789. The Renal and Metabolic Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia;790. College of Chemistry & Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Hubei, China;791. School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia;792. Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA;793. Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany;794. Department and Graduate School of Safety and Environment Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science & Technology, Taiwan;795. School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand;796. Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;797. Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK;798. Project Group P2, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany;799. MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK;800. Biozentrum, University of Basel, Switzerland;801. School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia;802. Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Germany;803. Rural Economics Branch, Economic Reserach Service, Washington, DC, USA;804. Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Int\u00e9gratives d\u2019Aquitaine, CNRS, Uiversity of Bordeaux, France;805. Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering Program, University of California Riverside, CA, USA;806. Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan;807. Division of Animal Welfare, University of Bern, Switzerland;808. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA;809. Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China;810. Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada;811. Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA;812. Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Institute of Cancer, Ankara, Turkey;813. Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;814. Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;815. Ecological Security, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China;816. Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahasse, FL, USA;817. Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen,China;818. Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland;819. Microbial Biotechnology, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;820. Department of Pharmacology, School of Basical Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China;821. Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA;822. Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan;823. Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK;824. Physics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA;825. School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA;826. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, ON, Canada;827. Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA;828. Department of Chemistry, New York University, NY, USA;829. School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University, Shandong, China;830. Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China;831. Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA;832. Advanced Therapies, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Herts, UK;833. Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;834. Dermatology and Allergy, Charit\u00e9Medical University of Berlin, Germany;835. Hematology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France;836. Institute of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences;837. Pediatrics, The University of Jordan;838. Molecular mycology unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France;839. Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK;840. Social Work, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland;841. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India;842. LE2I, University of Burgundy - Franche-Comt\u00e9, Dijon, France;843. Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, England;844. General and HPB Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium;845. Insect-Fungus Symbiosis lab, University of Wuerzburg, Germany;846. Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands;847. Application center HOFZET, Fraunhofer WKI, Hannover, Germany;848. Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, UK;849. Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands;850. CNAP, SMI, Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark;851. Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;852. Neurosurgery, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA;853. School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;854. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Shandong, China;855. UMR Espace-DEv, Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement, Maison de la T\u00e9l\u00e9d\u00e9tection, Montpellier, France;856. School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China;857. Department of Medical Imaging, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China;858. School of Social Policy, Sociology and Social Research, University of Kent, UK;859. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil;860. Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) - School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal;861. Biochimie et M\u00e9decine Mol\u00e9culaire, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada;862. Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;863. Metabolic and Genetic Regulation of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany;864. Health Sciences, University of Swaziland;865. Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;866. D\u00e9partement de Biologie M\u00e9dicale, Centre Scientifique de Monaco;867. Urology, HELIOS Hospital, Bad Saarow, Germany;868. Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, Germany;869. Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, IDIBAPS BCNatal \u2014 Barcelona Center for Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain;870. Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich Loeffler Institut, Jena, Germany;871. Neurology, Charit\u00e9Medical University of Berlin, Germany;872. Molecular Therapeutics for Cancer in Ireland, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Ireland;875. Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Germany;876. School of Mathematical Sciences and LPMC, Nankai University, Tianjin, China;877. Oncology, University of Oxford, UK;878. Classics, Royal Holloway, Egham, UK;879. Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA;880. Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa;881. Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland;882. Department of Immunology, University of Oslo, Norway;883. Marine Nitrogen Cycling Lab, Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, St. George\u2019s, Bermuda;884. Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kanazawa University, Japan;885. World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo;886. Infection Control Department, University Hospital of Besan\u00c7on, France;887. Clinical Development, Galapagos NV, Mechelen, Belgium;888. Integrated Marine Observing System, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia;889. Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg August University of G\u00f6ttingen, Germany;890. Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan;891. Program of Precision Nutrition and Aging, IMDEA-Food, Madrid, Spain;892. IQHealthcare, Radboud University Medical School, Netherlands;893. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands;894. Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany;895. Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;896. School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;897. Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Science, Max-Planck-Institut fur Eusenforschung, Dusseldorf, Germany;898. Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK;899. Psychiatry, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan;900. Korean Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB);901. Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions, Dallas, TX, USA;902. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany;903. Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA;904. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany;905. Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;906. Structural Biology, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA;907. Colorectal Surgery, Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, UK;908. Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK;909. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden;910. State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jilin, China;911. Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;912. Cotton Germplasm Resources, Research Base in Anyang Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China;913. Anaesthesia and Intensive care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;914. ICMS, University of Macau, Guangdong, China;915. School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China;916. Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liegbig University, Giessen, Germany;917. Bioscience, Aarhus University, Denmark;918. The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Ireland;919. Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Netherlands;920. Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands;921. European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK;922. HGF MPG Joint Research Group for Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany;923. Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany;924. Mathematics, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia;925. School of Nursing & Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia;926. The Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemsitry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA;927. Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB, Delft, The Netherlands;928. Cytotechnology Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA;929. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinko Memorial Hospital, Kobe, Japan;930. Materials, Imperial College London, UK;931. Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, M\u00fcnchen, Germany;932. Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liaoning, China;933. Communication Sciences and Disorders, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA;934. Institute for Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Hospital Ulm, Germany;935. School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, UK;936. Research Services, Alpha-Altis, Nottingham, UK;937. Medical Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands;938. Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye, Ekiti, Nigeria;939. Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA;940. Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK;941. Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, UK;942. Children\u2019s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland;943. Department of Biology, CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal;944. Psychology, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana;945. Nursing School, Federal University of Bahia, Canela, Salvador-Bahia;946. Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, UK;947. Medicinal Chemistry Department, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine;948. Department of Education and Psychology, University of Bolton, UK;949. Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;950. Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Liaoning, China;951. Department of Nephrology, Doctors Hospital Athens, Greece;952. Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, Germany;953. Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, UK;954. Department of Psychiatry, Sorbonne Universite, Paris France;955. Education, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia;956. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA;957. Clinic for Laryngology, Rhinology and Otology, Hannover Medical School, Germany;958. Centre for Aboriginal Studies, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia;959. Biomedical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran;960. Anesthesiology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA;961. Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE;962. Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;963. Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia;964. CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal;965. Medical Research Center, Shaoxing People\u2019s Hospital, Zhejiang, China;966. Department Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;967. Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India;968. Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada;969. Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway;970. Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Netherlands;971. School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;972. Urology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Japan;973. Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland;974. Division of Immunotherapy, Institute of Human Virology and Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA;975. Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa;976. College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China;977. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Japan;978. Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;979. Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy;980. Physics, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, France;981. Center for Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Switzerland;982. Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK;983. Samples, Phenotypes & Ontologies Team, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK;984. Faculty of Arts and Education, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia;985. Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Shandong, China;986. Department of Biology, Shantou University, Guangdong, China;987. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Shanxi, China;988. Computational Biology, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA;989. College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China;990. Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;991. Department of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;992. XtalPi Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA;993. Bioinformatics, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina;994. Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;995. Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia;996. Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangdong, China;997. Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA;998. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA;999. Biotechnology Laborary, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangdong, China;1000. College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China;1001. Life Sciences Department, Shandong University, Shandong, China;1002. Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;1003. Crop Molecular Improving Laboratory, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liaoning, China;1004. Medical Biophysics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada;1005. Infrastructure Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia;1006. Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT, Australia;1007. MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK;1008. Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;1009. Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;1010. The School of Animal Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK;1011. Biosciences, University of Exeter, UK;1012. Hillingdon Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK;1013. MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, UK;1014. ICU Evaggelismos Athens Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece;1015. Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia;1016. Centre for Innovative Research Across the Life Course, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, UK;1017. Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland;1018. School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia;1019. Institute for Global Food Security, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, UK;1020. Institute of Policy Studies, National University of Singapore;1021. Intitute doe Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;1022. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY, USA;1023. EECS, University of Michigan, MI, USA;1024. Centre for Blood Research, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;1025. Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Troms\u00f8, Norway;1026. Physiotherapy, Hospital of Clinics of Porto Alegre, Brazil;1027. Medical school, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France;1028. Institute of Crop Sciences, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China;1029. Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium;1030. Bioinformatics & Structural Biology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gujart, India;1031. Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Ges. Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Rome, Italy;1032. Center of Infectious Disease - Parasitology, University of Heidelberg, Germany;1033. Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA;1034. Biology, University of C\u00e1diz, Andalusia, Spain;1035. general surgery, Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt;1036. Virology pole, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Senegal;1037. Division of Cancer & Genetics, Cardiff University, UK;1038. Food Safety and Environmental Microbiology, Centre of Expertise and Biological Diagnostic of Cameroon, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon;1039. Laboratory of Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland;1040. Assiut Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt;1041. GEE and IHA, University College London, UK;1042. University of Derby Online Learning, University of Derby, UK;1043. Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USA;1044. Molecular Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;1045. Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK;1046. Clinical Dementia Research, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany;1047. UMR 7144, Station Biologique, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, CNRS, France;1048. Odontoestomatologia, University of Barcelona, Spain;1049. Computer Science, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA;1050. Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, UK;1051. ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Switzerland;1052. Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, John Curtain School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia;1053. Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK;1054. Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC, USA;1055. Holzinger Group, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Austria;1056. Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea;1057. School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1058. School of Kinseiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;1059. Department of Biology, Marine Biology Section / University of Copenhagen, Denmark;1060. Department of Communication, University of Vienna, Austria;1061. School of Social Sciences, University of Dundee, UK;1062. Institute of Botany, Technische Universitat Dresden, Germany;1063. Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, UK;1064. Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore;1065. School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand;1067. Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, UK;1068. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;1069. Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA;1070. Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Adnan Menderes University Aydin, Turkey;1071. Department of Neurology IC, Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy;1072. Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA;1073. King\u2019s Centre for Military Health Research, King\u2019s College London, UK;1074. Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, LSHTM, London, UK;1075. BMWZ - Organic chemistry, University Hannover, Germany;1076. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China;1077. School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia;1078. Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florian\u00f3polis, Brazil;1079. Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China;1080. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA;1081. Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People\u2019s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Guangdong, China;1082. Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1083. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, UK;1084. Laboratory of Microbial Immunity, Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore;1085. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Hunan, China;1086. Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK;1087. Biomedical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, CT, USA;1088. Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA;1089. Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA;1090. Department of Systems Neuroscience, University of Goettingen, Germany;1091. School of Public Affairs, Penn State Harrisburg, PA, USA;1092. Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK;1093. Water Resources and Environmental Modeling, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic;1094. Neurology, Gardner Family Center for Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Movement Disorders, University of Cincinnati, OH, USA;1095. Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia;1096. Christie Patient Centred Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK;1097. Environmental Health Science and Engineering, Jimma University;1098. Laboratory of Systems Genetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA;1099. Department of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway;1100. Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;1101. Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, UK;1102. Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, UK;1103. Biochemical Plant Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany;1104. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK;1105. Imaging, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA;1106. Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia;1107. School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK;1108. Laboratory of Optics and Dynamics of Biological Systems, Novosibirsk State University, Russia;1109. Department of Mathematics, University of Padova, Italy;1110. Clinical Research, London School of Tropical Medicine, UK;1111. Sciences naturelles, UQO, Ripon, QC, Canada;1112. Faculty of Law, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;1113. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;1114. Biology Department, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA;1115. Department of Genetics and Biosystematics, University of Gdansk, Poland;1116. Kachwekano Zardi, National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), Entebbe, Uganda;1117. Bachelor Program in Interdisciplinary Studies, National Yunlin University of Science &Technology, Yunlin County, Taiwan;1118. Clinical Genome Analysis Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea;1119. Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;1120. Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA;1121. Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l\u2019Environnement (CRIOBE), PSL University Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS USR 3278 CRIOBE, University of Perpignan via Domitia, France;1122. Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique;1123. Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland;1124. Kinesiology and Health Science, Biola University, La Mirada, CA, USA;1126. Laboratory of Cytology of Unicellular Organisms, Institute of Cytology RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia;1127. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia;1128. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China;1129. Food Processing, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran;1130. Cell and Developmental Biology, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona, Spain;1131. Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;1132. Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, Germany;1133. Genetics and Genomics, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK;1134. Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE;1135. Genomics Centre & Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia;1136. Division of Rehabilitation and Agein, University of Nottingham, UK;1137. Engineering, University of Nottingham, UK;1138. Immunology, Garvan Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia;1139. Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand;1140. Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Switzerland;1141. Inhalation Toxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany;1142. Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland;1143. BCRT, Charit\u00e9 Medical University of Berlin, Germany;1144. Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1145. Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK;1146. School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Hubei, China;1147. Department for Internal Medicine II, University Clinic Krems, Karl Landsteiner University for Health Sciences;1148. Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University Health Network and University of Toronto, ON, Canada;1149. Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Germany;1150. Department for Health, University of Bath, UK;1151. Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liegbig University, Giessen, Germany;1152. Computational and RNA Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;1153. Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada;1154. Integrative Medicine & Clinical Naturopathy, Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9 Medical University of Berlin, Germany;1155. Physical Biology, BMLS, CEF-MC, Goethe Universit\u00e4t, Frankfurt am Main, Germany;1156. Viral Diseases, Sciensano, Ixelles, Belgium;1157. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia;1158. Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA;1159. Nephrology and Hypertension, St. Marianna University, Kanagawa, Japan;1160. Office of the Queensland Chief Scientist, Department of Environment and Science, Queensland Government, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;1161. Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;1162. Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA;1163. Research, Children\u2019s Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt;1164. Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahasse, FL, USA;1165. Unit\u00e9 Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA) CNRS UMR8251, Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot, Paris, France;1166. School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, UK;1167. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;1168. Bio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany;1169. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam;1170. Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Finland;1171. Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria;1172. Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Guangdong, China;1173. Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;1174. Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), NIOC, Tehran, Iran;1175. Bioanalysis, Ghent University, Belgium;1176. Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;1177. School of Business, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China;1178. Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, AB, Canada;1179. Department of Psychological Medicine, Weston Education Centre, King\u2019s College London, UK;1180. Chief Scientist, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia;1181. Radiology and Chemistry, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA;1182. Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;1183. Centre of Biology and Health Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;1184. Neuropsychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;1185. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China;1186. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China;1187. Int Med-Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, MI, USA;1188. College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China;1189. Department of Transufusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;1190. Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;1191. Public health, The University of Tokyo, Japan;1192. Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco;1193. The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;1194. Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA;1195. Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medcine, Shaanxi, China;1196. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China;1197. State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China;1198. Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China;1199. Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Shandong, China;1200. Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;1201. Department of Physics, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria;1202. Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, UK;1203. Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia;1204. Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, UK;1205. Physiotherapy, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia;1206. Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, UK;1207. Cognitive Science, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden;1208. Department of Public and Environmental Health, National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria;1209. Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, UK;1210. Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel;1211. Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Czech Republic;1212. Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland;1213. Bioinformatics Unit, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany;1214. Mathematics Education, University of Regensburg, Germany;1215. Public Health, Ghana Health Services;1216. The Wales Centre for Podiatric Studies, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK;1217. Institute of Public Health - Section of Hygiene, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy;1218. Computational Bioscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO, USA;1219. Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China;1220. Menzies Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;1221. College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China;1222. Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1223. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand;1224. College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, China;1225. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal College, Shannxi, China;1226. Research Center of TCM Information Engineering, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China;1227. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea;1228. Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh;1229. Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;1230. Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, UK;1231. Cardiac surgery, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy;1232. Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA;1233. Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK;1234. Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany;1235. NeuroPSI - UMR9197, CNRS, France;1236. Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University;1237. Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;1238. Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China;1239. State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;1240. Biology, Natural History Museum of Denmark;1241. Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada;1242. Laboratoire Mati\u00e8re et Syst\u00e8mes Complexes, Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot, France;1243. Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia;1244. Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning (CEGOT), University of Coimbra, Portugal;1245. Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA;1246. Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Netherlands;1247. Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, and Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK;1248. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, South Central High Specialty Hospital, Pemex, Mexico;1249. College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China;1250. College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China;1251. National drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia;1252. Gibson Lab, Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA;1253. Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, Netherlands;1254. General Practice, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, Germany;1255. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Proteomics Program, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;1256. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China;1257. Biomedical Rngineering, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands;1258. Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany;1259. Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan;1260. Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia;1261. Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universitat Dresden, Germany;1262. School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjav\u00edk, Iceland;1263. Health Promotion, Ministry of Health and Child Care, Zimbabwe;1264. Material Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;1265. Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA;1266. School of Chemical Biology & Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China;1267. School of Materials, University of Manchester, UK;1268. DPECS, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands;1269. Molecular Biology, Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain;1270. Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK;1271. Neurology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea;1272. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Matsunami General Hospital, Kasamatsu, Japan;1273. Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Netherlands;1274. Centre for Global Health Research, University of Edinburgh, UK;1275. Department of Construction Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, China;1276. Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany;1277. National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China;1278. Proteomics, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Greece;1279. Genomics, ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India;1280. School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1281. Health Sciences, George Davies Centre for Medicine, University of Leicester, UK;1282. Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA;1283. Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece;1284. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;1285. Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK;1286. Bioinformatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA;1287. Quality Functional Unit, Hospital Doctor Moliner, Valencia, Spain;1288. Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Belgium;1289. Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy;1290. Center for Micro-Biorobotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy;1291. Department of Bioinformtaics and Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;1292. Health System Strengthening, Baylor College of Medicine Children\u2019s Foundation - Uganda;1293. Medical Cell BioPhysics, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands;1294. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir;1295. Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, MI, USA;1296. Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;1297. School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;1298. Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan;1299. School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand;1300. Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Germany;1301. Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;1302. State Key Laboratory Of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning, China;1303. Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Netherlands;1304. Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA;1305. Learning Informatics Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden;1306. Graduate Program in Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA;1307. Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Reims, France;1308. Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland;1309. Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha O Anusandhan Universityr, Odisha, India;1310. School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia;1311. Institute of Health Promotion and Clinical Movement Science, German Sport University Cologne, Germany;1312. Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany;1313. M\u00e9decine Sociale et Pr\u00e9ventive, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada;1314. Intitute for Separation and Process Technology, University of Technology Clausthal, Germany;1315. Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel;1316. Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, CA, USA;1317. Department of Physiotherapy, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal;1318. Accounting and Finance, University of Limerick, Ireland;1319. Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, UK;1320. School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;1321. Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK;1322. Image Guided Therapies, Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany;1323. Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China;1324. Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore;1325. Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia;1326. Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China;1327. Unit of Bacteriology-Virology, Centre de Recherche Medicale et Sanitaire, Niamey, Niger;1328. Laboratory Animal Centre, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China;1329. Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA;1330. School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia;1331. Institution for Social Medicine and Family Medicine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;1332. School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, China;1333. Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA;1334. Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Italy;1335. Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, ON, Canada;1336. Physiotherapy Department, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran;1337. Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran;1338. Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland;1339. Department of Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China;1340. School of Computational Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;1341. Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China;1342. Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;1343. Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;1344. Human Pathology, University of Messina &AO Papardo Hospital Messina, Italy;1345. Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria;1346. Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, Greece;1347. Faculty of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia;1348. Department of Hematology. Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Al Khod, Oman;1349. Gulfstream Genomics, Gulfstream Diagnostics, Dallas, TX, USA;1350. Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark;1351. Institute for Social Marketing, University of Stirling, UK;1352. Laboratory Sciences & Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh;1353. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran;1354. Gakujutsu Shien Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan;1355. Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China;1356. Medical School, University of Plymouth, UK;1357. CDER/OPQ/OBP/DBRRII, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA;1358. Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong, China;1359. Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital &Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA;1360. PWMHU, SJOG Burwood Hospital and UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia;1361. immunology, CHU de Toulouse, France;1362. Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;1363. Cardiology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK;1364. Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos A\u00e7ores, Azores, Portugal;1365. Social Psychology, University of Valencia, Spain;1366. Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples \u201dFederico II\u201d, Italy;1367. Orthopaedic Surgery, Rochester General Hospital, Pittsford, NY, USA;1368. RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan;1369. Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA;1370. Holistic Education Center, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan;1371. Physiology, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China;1372. Division of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, India;1373. Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China;1375. Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan;1376. Cardiology, Saint Luke\u2019s Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA;1377. Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Departments, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi;1378. Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan;1379. Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil;1380. Retina department, Cl\u00ednica Vista, Lima, Per\u00fa1381. Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain;1382. Pathology Department, CHU Bic\u00eatre, France;1383. Biocuration, Bioself Communication, Marseille, France;1384. School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology &Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China;1385. Pediatrics I, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China;1386. Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA;1387. Histology, Zagazig University, Egypt;1388. Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China;1389. Department of Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria;1390. School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China;1391. Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Jamaica;1392. Human Pathology of the Adult and Evolutive Age \u201dGaetano Barresi\u201d, Section of General Surgery, University of Messina, Italy;1393. Ageing Clinical and Experimental Research (ACER) Team, University of Aberdeen, UK;1394. Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA;1395. Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Child Study Center at Hassenfeld Children\u2019s Hospital of New York at NYU Langone, NY, USA;1396. Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China;1397. Endowed Health Services Research, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Mayag\u00fcez, PR, USA;1398. Pathology and Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA;1399. Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management, and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada;1400. Faculty of Mathematics & Technology, Koblenz University of Applied Sciences, Germany;1401. VisMederi srl, Siena, Italy;1402. Medicine, Ross University School of Medicine, Miramar, FL, USA;1403. Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre, University College London, UK;1404. Department of Critical Care, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada;1405. Critical Care Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada;1406. Clinical Haematology, Palmerston North Hospital, New Zealand;1407. Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada;1408. College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China;1409. NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;1410. Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Netherlands;1411. Biomedical Sciences Department of ESTESC - Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Portugal;1412. Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;1413. Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, TN, USA;1414. Infectious Diseases, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon;1415. Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA;1416. Department of Social Work, Social Care and Community Studies, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK;1417. Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care & Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA;1418. Viral Hepatitis, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia;1419. Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA;1420. Internal Medicine, University T\u00fcbingen, Germany;1421. Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada;1422. Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA;1423. Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA;1424. Department for Wound Infection Treatment and Prevention, Vreden Russian Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, St. Petersburg, Russia;1425. Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada;1426. Laboratoire Canc\u00e9rologie Mammaire / Institut J. Bordet, Universit\u00e9Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium;1427. College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China;1428. Department for TB Control and Prevention, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, China;1429. Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang, China;1430. Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China;1431. Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan;1432. Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan, China;1433. School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, CA, USA;1434. Diagnostics, Zoetis, Kalamazoo, MI, USA;1435. Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Vito Fazzi General Hospital, Lecce, Italy;1436. Head and Neck Oncology Research, Aintree University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK;1437. Department of Otolaryngology, Head Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;1438. Trauma & Orthopaedics, Wrightington Hospital, Wigan, Greater Manchester, UK;1439. Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, ON, Canada;1440. Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, NY, USA;1441. Department of Psychiatry, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA;1442. Microbiology, Atkins Veterinary Services, Calgary, AB, Canada;1443. Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran;1444. CIAFEL, FADEUP, University of Porto, Portugal;1445. Hematology-Oncology, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Iran;1446. Global Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa;1447. Anaesthesiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Tamilnadu, India;1448. Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore;1449. Pediatric cardiology, Queen Alia Heart Institute, Royal Medical Services, Amman;1450. Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea;1451. Internal Medicine, Kakatiya Medical College, Telangana, India;1452. Otolaryngology, St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada;1453. Neurology, Kakatiya Medical College and Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Warangal, India;1454. CIBAV Research Group, Veterinary Medicine School, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia;1455. Paediatrics, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK;1456. Neurosurgery, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute Milan, Italy;1458. Department of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece;1459. Soft and Active Matter Group, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517507,India;1460. Center of Studies in Physical Activity Measurements, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota D.C, Colombia;1461. Medicine, Rheumatology, St. Clares Mercy Hospital, St. Johns, NL, Canada;1462. Department of Community Dentistry and Population Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO, USA;1463. Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany;1464. Endocrinology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland;1465. Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University T\u00fcbingen, Germany;1466. Department of Medicine D, Division of General Internal Medicine, Nephrology, and Rheumatolog, University Hospital M\u00fcnster, Germany;1467. Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;1468. Department of Nephrology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA;1469. Emergency Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA;1470. Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Germany;1471. Quality and Safety, Children\u2019s Hospital of The King\u2019s Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA;1472. Research, IIHMR University, Rajasthan, India;1473. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA;1474. Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA;1475. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada;1476. Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA;1477. Center for Reliability Science and Technology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan;1478. Gastroenterology, Profensa, La Pampa, Argentina;1479. Centre for Global Development and Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK;1480. Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;1481. Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium;1482. Medical School, University of Talca, Chile;1483. Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan;1484. College of Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;1485. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand;1486. School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK;1487. Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;1488. Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA;1489. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China;1490. Department of Pulmonary &Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China;1491. Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;1492. Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui, China;1493. Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Fujian, China;1494. Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;1495. Nephrology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA;1496. Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Children\u2019s Hospital of The King\u2019s Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA;1497. Department of Mathematics, College of Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China;1498. College of Information Engineering, Xiangtan University, Hunan, China;1499. Mood Disorders and Psychopharmacology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada"}
+{"text": "Correction to: Arthritis Res Ther (2021) 23:5https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-020-02372-zSujatha Muralidharan: Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals Corp, Lexington, MA 02421, USANatalia V. Giltiay: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 750 Republican St, Seattle, WA 98109, USAFollowing publication of the original article , a typesThe original article  has been"}
+{"text": "The affiliation for the forty-fourth author is incorrect. Tao Ai is not affiliated with #23 but with #24: Chengdu Women\u2019s & Children\u2019s Central Hospital, Chengdu, China.Additionally, Tao Ai should be noted as having also contributed equally to this work with: Lina Chen, Mingfang Shi, Quanmin Deng, Wenjun Liu, Qin Li, Piao Ye, Xiahui Yu, Benjin Zhang, Yuxia Xu, Xiaolan Li, Yao Yang, Min Li, Yi Yan, Zhe Xu, Jing Yu, Long Xiang, Xiaojun Tang, Guangping Wan, Qiang Cai, Li Wang, Bo Hu, Tao Ai."}
+{"text": "J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020; doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa653), the following transcriptional error occurred in the Advance Article version of the published paper: \u201cTorben Hansen\u2019s name was misspelled in the author list.\u201dIn the above-named article by Deshmukh HA, Madsen AL, Vi\u00f1uela A, Have CT, Grarup N, Tura A, Mahajan A, Heggie AJ, Koivula RW, De Masi F, Tsirigos KK, Linneberg A, Drivsholm T, Pedersen O, S\u00f8rensen TIA, Astrup A, Gjesing AAP, Pavo I, Wood AR, Ruetten H, Jones AG, Koopman ADM, Cederberg H, Rutters F, Ridderstrale M, Laakso M, McCarthy MI, Frayling TM, Ferrannini E, Franks PW, Pearson ER, Mari A, Hansen T, and Walker M (The spelling of Torben Hansen\u2019s name has been corrected in the final published version.10.1210/clinem/dgaa653Doi:"}
+{"text": "Scientists have created the most detailed map of the fruit fly brain to date, identifying over 25,000 neurons and 20 million synapses. Related research article Scheffer LK, Xu CS, Januszewski M, Lu Z, Takemura SY, Hayworth KJ, Huang GB, Shinomiya K, Maitlin-Shepard J, Berg S, Clements J, Hubbard PM, Katz WT, Umayam L, Zhao T, Ackerman D, Blakely T, Bogovic J, Dolafi T, Kainmueller D, Kawase T, Khairy KA, Leavitt L, Li PH, Lindsey L, Neubarth N, Olbris DJ, Otsuna H, Trautman ET, Ito M, Bates AS, Goldammer J, Wolff T, Svirskas R, Schlegel P, Neace E, Knecht CJ, Alvarado CX, Bailey DA, Ballinger S, Borycz JA, Canino BS, Cheatham N, Cook M, Dreher M, Duclos O, Eubanks B, Fairbanks K, Finley S, Forknall N, Francis A, Hopkins GP, Joyce EM, Kim S, Kirk NA, Kovalyak J, Lauchie S, Lohff A, Maldonado C, Manley EA, McLin S, Mooney C, Ndama M, Ogundeyi O, Okeoma N, Ordish C, Padilla N, Patrick CM, Paterson T, Phillips EE, Phillips EM, Rampally N, Ribeiro C, Robertson MK, Rymer JT, Ryan SM, Sammons M, Scott AK, Scott AL, Shinomiya A, Smith C, Smith K, Smith NL, Sobeski MA, Suleiman A, Swift J, Takemura S, Talebi I, Tarnogorska D, Tenshaw E, Tokhi T, Walsh JJ, Yang T, Horne JA, Li F, Parekh R, Rivlin PK, Jayaraman V, Costa M, Jefferis GS, Ito K, Saalfeld S, George R, Meinertzhagen I, Rubin GM, Hess HF, Jain V, Plaza SM. 2020. A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain. eLife9:e57443. doi: 10.7554/eLife.57443Every thought, feeling and action emerges from the electrical interplay of billions of neurons in the brain \u2013 wired together by an intricate network of cables that connect through hundreds of billions of synapses. Therefore, to fully understand how the brain works we need to consider all parts of the brain and the connections between them.A connectome is a comprehensive map of the structural and functional neural connections in the brain that enables scientists to explore and compare different pathways, circuits and regions. Creating such a map is a difficult endeavor: neurons are minuscule, and their extensive branches are even smaller .Caenorhabditis elegans (whose brain only consists of 302 neurons), it took the better part of a decade to generate a comprehensive connectome  generated a connectome for one half of the largely symmetrical fly brain, comprising over 25,000 neurons and 20 million synapses . To achiNeuprint\u2019,\u00a0and anyone can search the database for a neuron of interest, observe the images it was traced from, plot it in 3D and see which brain regions it interacts with  is low \u2013 three quarters of neurons were linked by three or fewer interneurons. Moreover, they demonstrated that the different neuropils are indeed segregated electrically, suggesting that the same neuron can perform separate computations in different regions at the same time.Of course, no map is perfect. Most branches traced belong to yet unidentified neurons (presumably the ones that reside outside the borders of the sequenced brain). Many of the tiniest twigs that are difficult for both human and machine eyes to trace may have been missed or lie \u2018disconnected\u2019 from their true parent neuron, which may reside in the other unmapped half of the brain. This could potentially reduce the number of synapses between two cells.C. elegans and will undoubtedly help unravel the neurological basis underlying a fly\u2019s behavior. And it may bring us one step closer to creating connectomes of larger animals, including vertebrates.Scheffer et al. have pledged to improve and update their connectome over time \u2013 after all, another half of the fly brain remains to be analyzed. Nevertheless, the current map marks a significant increase in scale over the one of"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64115-z, published online 30 April 2020Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Nhung Thi Trang Trinh was incorrectly affiliated with \u201cInstitute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Ha Noi, Vietnam\u201d and \u201cUniversity of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Ha Noi, Vietnam\u201d.The correct affiliations for Nhung Thi Trang Trinh are listed below.Architecture et Fonction des Macromol\u00e9cules Biologiques, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9, UMR 7257, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 932, 13009, Marseille, France.Architecture et Fonction des Macromol\u00e9cules Biologiques, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7257, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 932, 13009, Marseille, France.Faculty of Medical Technology, PHENIKAA University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam.PHENIKAA Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, No. 167 Hoang Ngan, Trung Hoa, Cau Giay, Hanoi 11313, VietNam.This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "In the following article,The correct list of author names is listed below:Nadine Kerr, W. Dalton Dietrich, Helen M. Bramlett, Ami P. Raval."}
+{"text": "Acer cinnamomifolium (Aceraceae) is a plant species endemic to China. In our present study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of Acer cinnamomifolium was assembled from Illumina pair-end sequencing data. The complete cp genome sequence of A. cinnamomifolium was 156,227\u2009bp in size. Totally, 139 genes were identified, including 88 protein-coding genes, 40 transfer RNAs, 8 ribosomal RNA genes, and 3 pseudogenes . Phylogenetic analysis results showed that A. cinnamomifolium is sister to Acer sino-oblongum, with a support rate of 100%. Acer cinnamomifolium is an evergreen tree species endemic to China. It is mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Fujiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, and Guangxi province. It features grey to blackish-grey bark, leathery leaves, yellowish-green petals, and brownish-yellow fruit. Acer cinnamomifolium mainly grows in broadleaf forests at altitudes of 300\u20131200\u2009m and this tree species can be used as a promising ornamental garden plant. The chloroplast (cp) genome of A. cinnamomifolium has not been reported. In this study, we assembled the complete cp genome of A. cinnamomifolium and generated a phylogenetic tree to understand its relationship with other Acer species.de novo assembled by NOVOPlasty , Yueqing City, Wenzhou, Zhejiang province, China. The sample was sealed in a plastic bag and taken to the laboratory. The voucher CHS2017085) is stored at the Molecular Biology Laboratory at Taizhou University. Leaf DNA was extracted following Doyle and Doyle . A 150\u2009b085 is stA. cinnamomifolium cp genome (GenBank accession: MN414240) is 156,227\u2009bp, and its overall GC content is 37.9%. The genome is comprised of two inverted repeats (IRs), a large single copy (LSC), and a small single copy (SSC), and their sizes are 26,079, 85,928, and 18,121\u2009bp, respectively. There are 89 protein-coding genes, 40 tRNAs, 8 rRNAs, and 3 pseudogenes in the plastome genome. Most genes occur as single-copy, while 22 genes contain two copies, these include ndhB, orf42, rpl2, rpl32, rps7, rps12, rrn4.5, rrn5, rrn16, rrn23, trnA-UGC, trnI-CAU, trnI-GAU, trnL-CAA, trnM-CAU, trnN-GUU, trnR-ACG, trnT-GGU, trnV-GAC, ycf1, ycf2, and ycf15. Three genes, infA, ycf1, and rps2, are proved to be pseudogenes.The plastome sequence was annotated using Dual Organellar GenoMe Annotator (DOGMA), tRNAscan-SE, and ARAGORN  as the outgroup. The Acer plant species for ML tree construction were Acer laevigatum, Acer palmatum, Acer wilsonii, Acer buergerianum, Acer truncatum, Acer miaotaiense, Acer catalpifolium, Acer davidii, Acer morrisonense, Acer griseum, and Acer sino-oblongum. Our results indicated that A. cinnamomifolium grouped with A. sino-oblongum, and the bootstrap support value was 100%, revealing their close phylogenetic relationship (A maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree including tionship ."}
+{"text": "Ahmad, ShaadLiu, KarenAtukorallaya, DeviLorenz, BirgitBlaner, William S.Lu, LinchaoBraendle, ChristianMarcoli, ManuelaBrand, ThomasMaves, LisaCampione, MarinaMu\u00f1oz-Ch\u00e1puli, Ram\u00f3nCoultas, LeighNarayanan, S. PriyaCrawford, Bryan D.Noelle, DwyerDamjanovski, SashkoOsna, NataliaDu, ShaojunOs\u00f3rio, DanielDurand, B\u00e9atrice C.Oxford, JuliaDworkin, SebastianPal, KasturiErskine, LyndaPettitt, JonathanEsteve-Altava, BorjaPiekny, AlisaFantin, AlessandroPons, SebastianFay, DavidPopoff, StevenFlaherty, KevinPruyne, DavidFrancis, MichaelRasskin-Gutman, DiegoFrand, AlisonRichtsmeier, JoanGerhardt, ChristophSchneider-Maunoury, SylvieGreen, RebeccaShaham, ShaiGritli-Linde, AmelShlizerman, EliHall, David H.Sommer, Ralf J.Henry, ClarissaSucov, HenryIshizaki, YasukiTaghibiglou, ChangizIwata, JunichiTolwinski, NicholasJaurand, Marie-ClaudeTylzanowski, PrzemkoJohnston, ChristopherVadigepalli, RajanikanthKelly, RobertWingert, RebeccaKugler, Matthias ChristianZiermann, JanineLe Guellec, DominiqueThe editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal\u2019s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not. In 2019, a total of 20 papers were published in the journal, with a median time to first decision of 22 days and a median time from submission to publication of 51 days. The editors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for their generous contribution in 2019:"}
+{"text": "Abarca, CarlaJiang, Xiao-TaoAchim, CristinaJones, MelissaAli, AliJu\u00e1rez-Maldonado, AntonioAlShamrani, NouraKananavi\u010di\u016bt\u0117, R\u016btaAnaya-L\u00f3pez, Jose LuisKarlsson, IsabellaAshour, Mohamed LotfyKato, RyujiBec, KrzysztofKhalilia, Walid MahmoudBhattacharya, AnannyaLeung, IvanhoeBobko, NaraLong, YichengBorges, Alisson CarraroLuo, PingpingBurgos-Aceves, Mario AlbertoMr\u00e1z, JaroslavBussadori, Sandra KalilNagai, KouheiCaldeira, MichaelPham, Thang V.Carlsson, Henrik (Sweden)Philip, NebuCarlsson, Henrik (USA)Qualley, DominicCastiglia, MartaRezvani, EhsanChan, Ka LungRodr\u00edguez-Ruano, Sonia Mar\u00edaChan, WanRouleau, EtienneChen, SimingR\u00f3\u017cycki, BartoszChen, XunSalawu, EmmanuelCieplik, FabianSantos, ClesivanColeman, JonathanSchmitz, KatjaDe Rond, TristanSchneiderhan-Marra, NicoleDemertzis, KonstantinosShin, Dong-SikDeshpande, GauraviSignorini, CinziaElaiw, Ahmed M.Smyth, Gordon K.Font, RafaelSzostak, RomanGallo, GiovanniTan, Bertrand Chin-MingGarner, AngieTsoukalas, DimitrisGuo, JingshuUchida, ShizukaHu, GangVan Campen, Julia C.Hu, QiwenVladimirov, Vladimir I.Huang, DongweiWrenger, SabineHuang, Ruo-PanXia, TianHuang, XiaohuZhang, JinyangHufert, Frank T.Zheng, Yongqi Ji, ShaofeiThe editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal\u2019s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not. In 2019, a total of 18 papers were published in the journal, with a median time to first decision of 16.5 days and a median time from submission to publication of 48 days. The editors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for their generous contribution in 2019:"}
+{"text": "Author Contributions section. The wording used to declare the contribution of Elisabeth Zechendorf was not clear.In the original article, there was an error in the Author Contributions section appears below.The new In vitro experiments and data analyses: EZ, LM, TS, T-PS, AM, GM-N, OK, GM, and PV. Medical in silico experiments and data analyses: EZ, PV, JZ, GD, AS, LM, AH, and GA. EZ wrote the manuscript. Correction of the manuscript: EZ, PV, LM, CT, GM, GD, T-PS, and AS. All the authors reviewed and finally approved the manuscript.Conception and design: EZ, LM, GD, AS, and CT. The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "The authors\u2019 first and last names are incorrectly switched throughout the article. The publisher apologizes for the error. Please view the correct author byline, citation, and author contributions here:Andrea Moglia, Francesco Elia Florio, Sergio Iacopino, Alessandra Guerrieri, Anna Maria Milani, Cinzia Comino, Lorenzo Barchi, Arianna Marengo, Cecilia Cagliero, Patrizia Rubiolo, Laura Toppino, Giuseppe Leonardo Rotino, Sergio Lanteri, Laura BassolinoS. melongena L.). PLoS ONE 15(5): e0232986. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232986Moglia A, Florio FE, Iacopino S, Guerrieri A, Milani AM, Comino C, et al. (2020) Identification of a new R3 MYB type repressor and functional characterization of the members of the MBW transcriptional complex involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in eggplant (Conceptualization: Andrea Moglia, Cinzia Comino, Laura Bassolino.Data curation: Andrea Moglia, Sergio Iacopino, Lorenzo Barchi, Arianna Marengo, Cecilia Cagliero, Patrizia Rubiolo, Laura Bassolino.Investigation: Andrea Moglia, Francesco Elia Florio, Sergio Iacopino, Alessandra Guerrieri,Anna Maria Milani, Lorenzo Barchi, Arianna Marengo, Laura Toppino, Laura Bassolino.Supervision: Andrea Moglia, Laura Bassolino.Writing\u2013original draft: Andrea Moglia, Laura Bassolino.Writing\u2013review & editing: Andrea Moglia, Francesco Elia Florio, Cinzia Comino, Lorenzo Barchi, Laura Toppino, Giuseppe Leonardo Rotino, Sergio Lanteri, Laura Bassolino."}
+{"text": "Mencacci, Regina Reynolds, Sonia Garcia Ruiz, Jana Vandrovcova, Paola Forabosco, Alvaro S\u00e1nchez-Ferrer, Viola Volpato, UK Brain Expression Consortium, International Parkinson\u2019s Disease Genomics Consortium, Michael E. Weale, Kailash P. Bhatia, Caleb Webber, John Hardy, Juan A. Bot\u00eda, Mina Ryten. Dystonia genes functionally converge in specific neurons and share neurobiology with psychiatric disorders. Brain 2020; 143: 2771\u20132787. doi:The publisher apologizes for erroneously publishing an incorrect version of this manuscript. This has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Womens Health (2020) 21:46https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01010-9Following publication of the original article , we wereAssistant Professor, Vir Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, IndiaIncorrect affiliation:MD, Senior Resident, Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, MP, India.Correct affiliation:"}
+{"text": "Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) may be an important modifiable cause of child stunting. We described the evolution of EED biomarkers from birth to 18 months in rural Zimbabwe and tested the independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and improved infant and young child feeding (IYCF), on EED.The Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial was a 2x2 factorial cluster-randomised trial of improved IYCF and improved WASH on child stunting and anaemia at 18 months of age. 1169 infants born to HIV-negative mothers provided plasma and faecal specimens at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months of age. We measured EED biomarkers that reflect all domains of the hypothesized pathological pathway. Markers of intestinal permeability and intestinal inflammation declined over time, while markers of microbial translocation and systemic inflammation increased between 1\u201318 months. Markers of intestinal damage (I-FABP) and repair (REG-1\u03b2) mirrored each other, and citrulline  increased from 6 months of age, suggesting dynamic epithelial turnover and regeneration in response to enteric insults. We observed few effects of IYCF and WASH on EED after adjustment for multiple comparisons. The WASH intervention decreased plasma IGF-1 at 3 months  and plasma kynurenine at 12 months , and increased plasma IGF-1 at 18 months , but these small WASH effects did not translate into improved growth.Overall, we observed dynamic trends in EED but few effects of IYCF or WASH on biomarkers during the first 18 months after birth, suggesting that these interventions did not impact EED. Transformative WASH interventions are required to prevent or ameliorate EED in low-income settings. Child stunting remains a global health challenge rooted in an intergenerational cycle of poor health, reduced neurodevelopment and poverty. Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an acquired condition of the small intestine likely resulting from frequent faecal-oral microbial exposure, which is hypothesized to underlie stunting. We found dynamic changes in EED biomarkers between 1 and 18 months of age in a cohort of rural Zimbabwean infants, suggesting a complex developmental period of intestinal maturation, adaptation and response to environmental insults. Randomized improved infant and young child feeding, and improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions had no meaningful impact on EED. Greater investment in transformative WASH is needed to prevent EED in low-income countries. Child stunting, defined as an attained length or height >2 standard deviations below the age- and sex-matched standard population median , is a peThree decades ago, tropical enteropathy was proposed as an important factor in undernutrition ,11. ThisThere is no agreed case definition for EED. Differential urinary excretion of two sugars, typically lactulose and mannitol, has most often been used to characterize abnormalities in gut permeability and absorption, but this test has substantial limitations ,18 and oThe Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial  was a clhttps://osf.io/w93hy. SHINE was a 2x2 factorial cluster-randomised trial assessing the individual and combined effects of improved IYCF and improved WASH on child stunting and anaemia at 18 months of age . A total of 211 clusters, defined as the catchment area of 1\u20134 Village Health Workers (VHWs) employed by the Ministry of Health and Child Care (MoHCC), were allocated to one of four intervention groups using highly constrained randomization: standard-of-care (SOC); IYCF; WASH; or IYCF+WASH. Between 22 November 2012 and 27 March 2015, pregnant women living in these clusters were enrolled following written informed consent. VHWs delivered treatment group-specific behavior change interventions and commodities during 15 home visits, between enrolment and 12 months postnatal. Between 13\u201317 months, VHWs made monthly visits to provide routine care, deliver intervention commodities in active groups, and encourage participants to practice behaviors relevant to their study arm. At 18 months a review module, which reiterated key messages, was implemented in all arms. Commodities and behavior change communication messages delivered in the four treatment groups were:A detailed description of the SHINE trial design and methods has been published , and theSOC: promotion of exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months [6 months , and uptWASH: SOC interventions plus a ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine, two handwashing stations, plastic mat and play yard ; monthly delivery of soap and chlorine solution  with promotion of safe disposal of feces, handwashing with soap, protection of infants from geophagia, chlorination of drinking water, and hygienic preparation of complementary food.IYCF: SOC interventions plus 20g small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplement (SQ-LNS) to be fed to the infant daily from 6\u201318 months; education and counseling to feed the infant nutrient-dense locally available food, feeding during illness, and dietary diversity.WASH+IYCF: All SOC, WASH, and IYCF interventions.A latrine was constructed in SOC and IYCF arms after completion of the trial. Due to the nature of the interventions, masking was not possible.Research nurses made two home visits during pregnancy and five postnatal visits at infant ages 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. At baseline, maternal education and age, household wealth, access to water and sanitation, and food insecurity were assessed; mothers were tested for HIV via rapid test algorithm and HIV-positive women were urged to seek immediate care for prevention of mother-to-child transmission. Infant birth date, weight, and delivery details were transcribed from health facility records; the trial provided Tanita BD-590 infant scales to all health institutions in the study area and trained facility staff. Gestational age at delivery was calculated from the date of the mother\u2019s last menstrual period.Given the household-based trial interventions, visits were not conducted if the mother had moved from the household where she consented, except for the 18-month visit  when follow-up was conducted anywhere within Zimbabwe. Indicators of uptake of the interventions were collected at all visits and reported here for the 12-month postpartum visit.Part-way through the trial (from mid-2014 onwards) mother-infant pairs were invited to join a substudy to investigate biomarkers of EED. Women were informed about the EED substudy at their 32-week gestation visit and those with live births were enrolled at the 1 month postnatal visit, or as soon as possible thereafter. We pre-specified that primary trial inferences would be based on findings among infants born to mothers who were HIV-negative during pregnancy, because of the likely impact of HIV exposure and infant cotrimoxazole prophylaxis on underlying causal pathways . ResultsFrom children in the EED substudy, additional specimens were collected at each postnatal visit, including stool (passed on the morning of the research visit and collected by the mother into a plain container) and blood, collected by venepuncture into an EDTA tube. In the field laboratory, EDTA tubes were centrifuged to collect plasma, which was stored at -80\u00b0C. Stool specimens were transported in a cold box to the field laboratory, aliquoted into plain tubes and stored at -80\u00b0C. Samples were subsequently transferred to the Zvitambo Laboratory in Harare for long-term storage at -80\u00b0C until analysis.We selected a range of biomarkers that would characterize the domains of EED. These were previously described, together with the rationale for each , with thet al. [All assays were undertaken by laboratory scientists masked to the trial intervention arm. Plasma samples were tested at the Zvitambo laboratory by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) according to manufacturers\u2019 instructions for CRP (limit of detection (LOD) 0.01ng/mL), soluble CD14 (LOD 125pg/mL), IGF-1 (LOD 0.026ng/mL) ; and I-FABP (LOD 47pg/mL); Hycult Biotechnology, Uden, The Netherlands. Stool samples were tested at the Zvitambo laboratory by ELISA according to manufacturers\u2019 instructions for neopterin , myeloperoxidase , A1AT , and REG\u20101\u03b2 . Plasma citrulline (LOD 100ng/mL), kynurenine (LOD 40ng/mL), and tryptophan (200ng/mL) were assayed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization  at Imperial College, London. Urine samples were tested on a Shimadzu Prominence liquid chromatograph with a Restek Ultra Amino 3\u03bcm 150/2.1mm column and tandem Sciex QTRAP5500 mass spectrometer with a Turbo V ion source and TurboIonSpray probe at Pain Care Specialists of Oregon, USA. Both analytes were quantified against lab-made calibrators at ng/mL levels of 3250, 2500, 1250, 750, 350, 100, 10, and 1. The calibrator was confirmed each day by lab-made quality control samples at 150 and 750ng/mL. Lactulose for calibrators and control were obtained from Spectrum Chemical (LOD 1ng/mL). Mannitol was obtained from Tokyo Chemical Industry (LOD 1ng/mL). Both internal standards were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Citrulline and KTR were not measured at 18 months (no funding for samples). We also calculated the environmental enteropathy score (EE score) proposed by Kosek et al. , as a coThe substudy was based on a sample size of 250 children per trial arm with longitudinal assessments of EED, after allowing for missed samples and loss to follow-up. Assuming an average of 2\u20133 infants per cluster, type I error of 5%, and a coefficient of variation across clusters of 0.25 provides >80% power to detect a difference of at least 0.18 standard deviations between WASH and non-WASH arms, or between IYCF and non-IYCF arms.AER [sandwich package [geepack package [All analyses were intention-to-treat at the child level. Independent intervention effects of IYCF and WASH, as well as IYCF-by-WASH interaction effects, were evaluated by fitting separate regression models with each biomarker as the dependent variable. Independent variables included IYCF and WASH coded as dummy variables and an IYCF-by-WASH interaction term. If the interaction was not significant (p>0.05) and if the interaction term was <0.25 standard deviations in absolute magnitude, main intervention effects were tested to compare IYCF to non-IYCF and WASH to non-WASH groups in separate models. Except for citrulline and EE score, tobit regression was used to account for unobserved biomarker values below the LOD using the package AER , and san package , both in package . All bio package . RegressWomen gave written informed consent to join the trial and additional consent for their infant to join this substudy. Both the SHINE trial and this substudy were approved by the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe and the Institutional Review Board of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.Of 5280 women enrolled in the SHINE trial, there were 3989 live births to 3937 HIV-negative mothers; of these, 1169 (29%) infants were enrolled in the EED substudy. Of the 1169 enrolled infants, 33 (2.8%) died and 31 (2.7%) were lost to follow-up or exited before the 18-month visit . A furthBaseline characteristics of mother-infant pairs who were enrolled versus not enrolled in the EED substudy are shown in At the 12-month study visit, among EED households in the WASH arms, 97% received ventilated improved pit latrines, almost all received handwashing stations and play mats, more than 96% received play yards, and >80% received 80% or more of the planned deliveries of soap and chlorine solution . Among hChanges over time in each biomarker between 1\u201318 months of age, by randomized treatment arm, are shown in Figs Myeloperoxidase was quite stable around geometric mean of 7518ng/mL (95%CI:7014\u20138059) between 1 and 6 months, then rapidly declined thereafter to 2825ng/mL (95%CI:2669\u20132991) at 18 months. Neopterin showed a minor increase from 1 to 6 months of age (from 980nmol/L (95%CI:908\u20131057) to 1283nmol/L (95%CI:1230\u20131337)), followed by a steep decline to 383nmol/L (95%CI:362\u2013407) at 18 months.Biomarkers of intestinal damage showed more variable patterns .Stool REG-1\u03b2, a marker of epithelial regeneration, increased linearly from 40.6\u03bcg/mL (95%CI:36.4\u201345.1) at 1 month to 154.6\u03bcg/mL (95%CI:145.5\u2013164.2) at 12 months, with a small decrease to 132.9\u03bcg/mL (95%CI:123.1\u2013143.6) at 18 months. Plasma citrulline, a marker of small intestinal epithelial mass, was approximately 2744ng/ml (95%CI:2658\u20132834) from 1 to 6 months, but increased to 3150ng/mL (95%CI:3075\u20133227) by 12 months. Plasma I-FABP, which reflects small intestinal villous damage, showed a U-shaped pattern, declining from 1031pg/mL (95%CI:993\u20131021) at 1 month to 913pg/mL (95%CI:892\u2013934) at 6 months, followed by an increase to 1198pg/mL (95%CI:1160\u20131237) at 18 months.Markers of intestinal permeability decreased during the 18 month follow-up period. Stool A1AT decreased linearly from 0.47mg/mL (95%CI:0.44\u20130.51) at 1 month to 0.24mg/mL (95%CI:0.22\u20130.25) at 18 months . UrinaryCRP increased between 1 and 18 months, from 0.63mg/L (95%CI:0.55\u20130.71) to 1.28mg/L (95%CI:1.14\u20131.43). However, KTR declined from 64.8  at 1 month to approximately 44.9  between 6\u201312 months.Soluble CD14, a marker of microbial translocation, showed a pronounced increase from 769,192pg/mL  at 1 month to 1,334,175 pg/mL  at 18 months. Finally, IGF-1, which is produced by the liver in response to growth hormone, declined rapidly from 27.1 ng/mL (26.0\u201328.2) at 1 month to a fairly stable minimum around 17.9ng/mL at 12 months (17.4\u201318.5) .There was no consistent evidence of interaction between IYCF and WASH for any biomarker based on our prespecified criteria, so inteRelative to the non-WASH group, stool A1AT was 1.17 times higher   and stooIn this substudy of over 1000 HIV-unexposed infants from the SHINE birth cohort in rural Zimbabwe, we investigated the evolution of EED during infancy and evaluated the impact of improved water, sanitation and hygiene, and improved infant feeding on biomarkers of EED. We measured biomarkers that reflect different aspects of intestinal structure and function, microbial translocation, systemic inflammation and growth hormone activity at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months of age, to capture the entire hypothesized pathway from the gut to growth . OverallWe report changes over time for the largest number of EED biomarkers in infants to date. Biomarker trends were similar within EED structural and functional domains but varied between domains. In general, markers of intestinal permeability and intestinal inflammation declined over time, whilst markers of microbial translocation and systemic inflammation increased between 1\u201318 months of age. Markers of intestinal damage (I-FABP) and repair (REG-1\u03b2) generally mirrored each other, and citrulline  increased from around 6 months of age, suggesting a dynamic process of epithelial turnover and regeneration in response to enteric insults during infancy. The increase in citrulline at 6 months may also be attributable to the introduction of solid foods around that time, since dietary supplementation can increase plasma citrulline . The higOverall, we found few effects of the randomized interventions on biomarkers in this large cohort of infants. Compared to the non-IYCF group, we observed a decrease in neopterin at 18 months  in the IYCF group after adjusting for multiple testing. Neopterin is a marker of monocyte and macrophage activation by T-helper 1 (TH1) cells in response to infection. An improved nutrient supply can reduce Th1 cell cytokine production to achieve a more balanced inflammatory response \u201375. CompE.coli contamination of water, and Giardia duodenalis prevalence were also reduced in this trial [Overall, the lack of consistent change in any intestinal biomarker suggests that the WASH intervention did not prevent or ameliorate EED, at least as measured by the best currently available biomarkers. This reinforces our previous report that WASH also had very limited effect on enteropathogen carriage . By contis trial ,78, whicis trial . This stis trial ,27,30,80We have recently asserted that the elementary WASH interventions implemented in SHINE did not reduce faecal exposure sufficiently to improve growth ,81. Our This is the largest cohort to date in which such an extensive range of EED biomarkers has been measured during a crucial period of growth and development in a sub-Saharan African setting. Embedding this substudy in a randomized trial has allowed us to ascertain the effects of WASH and IYCF on these biomarkers during this period, with laboratory analysts who were masked to intervention arm. Some limitations of our analyses are notable. First, this was a substudy from a larger cluster-randomized controlled trial. Although baseline variables were largely balanced across trial arms for the infants included in this analysis, increasing confidence in the internal validity of our findings, there were more mothers from households with a more diverse diet and slightly better coping strategy index, meaning the external validity of these substudy results is unclear. Second, there was less frequent specimen collection at the earliest study visits (1 and 3 months), due to the practice of mothers moving from their homestead in the perinatal period, which may have limited the power to detect statistically significant differences between intervention groups at the youngest ages. Third, EED is a difficult condition to identify. There is no accepted case definition, and available biomarkers have limitations. For example, methods used to undertake and analyse the lactulose-mannitol test differ between studies, as reviewed extensively elsewhere . BiomarkOur analyses illustrate that WASH and nutritional interventions did not prevent EED during infancy in an environment with high levels of faecal contamination , where bJean H. Humphrey, Andrew D. Jones, Amee Manges, Goldberg Mangwadu, John A. Maluccio, Mduduzi N. N. Mbuya, Lawrence H. Moulton, Robert Ntozini, Andrew J. Prendergast, Rebecca J. Stoltzfus, James M. Tielsch, Cynthia Chasokela, Ancikaria Chigumira, William Heylar, Preston Hwena, George Kembo, Florence D. Majo, Batsirai Mutasa, Kuda Mutasa, Philippa Rambanepasi, Virginia Sauramba, Naume V. Tavengwa, Franne Van Der Keilen, Chipo Zambezi, Dzivaidzo Chidhanguro, Dorcas Chigodora, Joseph F. Chipanga, Grace Gerema, Tawanda Magara, Mandava Mandava, Tafadzwa Mavhudzi, Clever Mazhanga, Grace Muzaradope, Marian T. Mwapaura, Simon Phiri, Alice Tengende, Cynthia Banda, Bernard Chasekwa, Leah Chidamba, Theodore Chidawanyika, Elisha Chikwindi, Lovemore K. Chingaona, Courage K. Chiorera, Adlight Dandadzi, Margaret Govha, Hlanai Gumbo, Karen T. Gwanzura, Sarudzai Kasaru, Rachel Makasi, Alois M. Matsika, Diana Maunze, Exevia Mazarura, Eddington Mpofu, Johnson Mushonga, Tafadzwa E. Mushore, Tracey Muzira, Netsai Nembaware, Sibongile Nkiwane, Penias Nyamwino, Sandra D. Rukobo, Thompson Runodamoto, Shepherd Seremwe, Pururudzai Simango, Joice Tome, Blessing Tsenesa, Umali Amadu, Beauty Bangira, Daniel Chiveza, Priscilla Hove, Horaiti A Jombe, Didymus Kujenga, Lenin Madhuyu, Prince Mandina-Makoni, Naume Maramba, Betty Maregere, Ellen Marumani, Elisha Masakadze, Phathisiwe Mazula, Caroline Munyanyi, Grace Musanhu, Raymond C. Mushanawani, Sibongile Mutsando, Felicia Nazare, Moses Nyarambi, Wellington Nzuda, Trylife Sigauke, Monica Solomon, Tendai Tavengwa, Farisai Biri, Misheck Chafanza, Cloud Chaitezvi, Tsundukani Chauke, Collen Chidzomba, Tawanda Dadirai, Clemence Fundira, Athanasios C. Gambiza, Tatenda Godzongere, Maria Kuona, Tariro Mafuratidze, Idah Mapurisa, Tsitsi Mashedze, Nokuthula Moyo, Charles Musariri, Matambudzo Mushambadope, Tawanda R. Mutsonziwa, Augustine Muzondo, Rudo Mwareka, Juleika Nyamupfukudza, Baven Saidi, Tambudzai Sakuhwehwe, Gerald Sikalima, Jenneth Tembe, Tapiwanashe E. Chekera, Owen Chihombe, Muchaneta Chikombingo, Tichaona Chirinda, Admire Chivizhe, Ratidzai Hove, Rudo Kufa, Tatenda F. Machikopa, Wilbert Mandaza, Liberty Mandongwe, Farirai Manhiyo, Emmanuel Manyaga, Peter Mapuranga, Farai S. Matimba, Patience Matonhodze, Sarah Mhuri, Joice Mike, Bekezela Ncube, Walter T. S. Nderecha, Munyaradzi Noah, Charles Nyamadzawo, Jonathan Penda, Asinje Saidi, Sarudzai Shonhayi, Clemence Simon, Monica Tichagwa, Rachael Chamakono, Annie Chauke, Andrew F. Gatsi, Blessing Hwena, Hillary Jawi, Benjamin Kaisa, Sithembile Kamutanho, Tapiwa Kaswa, Paradhi Kayeruza, Juliet Lunga, Nomatter Magogo, Daniel Manyeruke, Patricia Mazani, Fungai Mhuriyengwe, Farisai Mlambo, Stephen Moyo, Tawanda Mpofu, Mishelle Mugava, Yvonne Mukungwa, Fungai Muroyiwa, Eddington Mushonga, Selestino Nyekete, Tendai Rinashe, Kundai Sibanda, Milton Chemhuru, Jeffrey Chikunya, Vimbai F. Chikwavaire, Charity Chikwiriro, Anderson Chimusoro, Jotam Chinyama, Gerald Gwinji, Nokuthula Hoko-Sibanda, Rutendo Kandawasvika, Tendai Madzimure, Brian Maponga, Antonella Mapuranga, Joana Marembo, Luckmore Matsunge, Simbarashe Maunga, Mary Muchekeza, Monica Muti, Marvin Nyamana, Efa Azhuda, Urayai Bhoroma, Ailleen Biriyadi, Elizabeth Chafota, Angelline Chakwizira, Agness Chamhamiwa, Tavengwa Champion, Stella Chazuza, Beauty Chikwira, Chengeto Chingozho, Abigail Chitabwa, Annamary Dhurumba, Albert Furidzirai, Andrew Gandanga, Chipo Gukuta, Beauty Macheche, Bongani Marihwi, Barbara Masike, Eunice Mutangandura, Beatrice Mutodza, Angeline Mutsindikwa, Alice Mwale, Rebecca Ndhlovu, Norah Nduna, Cathrine Nyamandi, Elias Ruvata, Babra Sithole, Rofina Urayai, Bigboy Vengesa, Micheal Zorounye, Memory Bamule, Michael Bande, Kumbirai Chahuruva, Lilian Chidumba, Zvisinei Chigove, Kefas Chiguri, Susan Chikuni, Ruvarashe Chikwanda, Tarisai Chimbi, Micheal Chingozho, Olinia Chinhamo, Regina Chinokuramba, Chiratidzo Chinyoka, Xaviour Chipenzi, Raviro Chipute, Godfrey Chiribhani, Mary Chitsinga, Charles Chiwanga, Anamaria Chiza, Faith Chombe, Memory Denhere, Ephania Dhamba, Miriam Dhamba, Joyas Dube, Florence Dzimbanhete, Godfrey Dzingai, Sikhutele Fusira, Major Gonese, Johnson Gota, Kresencia Gumure, Phinias Gwaidza, Margret Gwangwava, Winnet Gwara, Melania Gwauya, Maidei Gwiba, Joyce Hamauswa, Sarah Hlasera, Eustina Hlukani, Joseph Hotera, Lovemore Jakwa, Gilbert Jangara, Micheal Janyure, Christopher Jari, Duvai Juru, Tabeth Kapuma, Paschalina Konzai, Moly Mabhodha, Susan Maburutse, Chipo Macheka, Tawanda Machigaya, Florence Machingauta, Eucaria Machokoto, Evelyn Madhumba, Learnard Madziise, Clipps Madziva, Mavis Madzivire, Mistake Mafukise, Marceline Maganga, Senzeni Maganga, Emmanuel Mageja, Miriam Mahanya, Evelyn Mahaso, Sanelisiwe Mahleka, Pauline Makanhiwa, Mavis Makarudze, Constant Makeche, Nickson Makopa, Ranganai Makumbe, Mascline Mandire, Eunice Mandiyanike, Eunice Mangena, Farai Mangiro, Alice Mangwadu, Tambudzai Mangwengwe, Juliet Manhidza, Farai Manhovo, Irene Manono, Shylet Mapako, Evangelista Mapfumo, Timothy Mapfumo, Jane Mapuka, Douglas Masama, Getrude Masenge, Margreth Mashasha, Veronica Mashivire, Moses Matunhu, Pazvichaenda Mavhoro, Godfrey Mawuka, Ireen Mazango, Netsai Mazhata, David Mazuva, Mary Mazuva, Filomina Mbinda, John Mborera, Upenyu Mfiri, Florence Mhandu, Chrispen Mhike, Tambudzai Mhike, Artwell Mhuka, Judith Midzi, Siqondeni Moyo, Michael Mpundu, Nicholas Msekiwa Msindo, Dominic Msindo, Choice Mtisi, Gladys Muchemwa, Nyadziso Mujere, Ellison Mukaro, Kilvera Muketiwa, Silvia Mungoi, Esline Munzava, Rosewita Muoki, Harugumi Mupura, Evelyn Murerwa, Clarieta Murisi, Letwin Muroyiwa, Musara Muruvi, Nelson Musemwa, Christina Mushure, Judith Mutero, Philipa Mutero, Patrick Mutumbu, Cleopatra Mutya, Lucia Muzanango, Martin Muzembi, Dorcus Muzungunye, Valeliah Mwazha, Thembeni Ncube, Takunda Ndava, Nomvuyo Ndlovu, Pauline Nehowa, Dorothy Ngara, Leonard Nguruve, Petronella Nhigo, Samukeliso Nkiwane, Luckson Nyanyai, Judith Nzombe, Evelyn Office, Beatrice Paul, Shambadzirai Pavari, Sylvia Ranganai, Stella Ratisai, Martha Rugara, Peter Rusere, Joyce Sakala, Prosper Sango, Sibancengani Shava, Margaret Shekede, Cornellious Shizha, Tedla Sibanda, Neria Tapambwa, John Tembo, Netsai Tinago, Violet Tinago, Theresa Toindepi, John Tovigepi, Modesta Tuhwe, Kundai Tumbo, Tinashe Zaranyika, Tongai Zaru, Kamurayi Zimidzi, Matilda Zindo, Maria Zindonda, Nyaradzai Zinhumwe, Loveness Zishiri, Emerly Ziyambi, James Zvinowanda, Ekenia Bepete, Christine Chiwira, Naume Chuma, Abiegirl Fari, Samson Gavi, Violet Gunha, Fadzai Hakunandava, Constance Huku, Given Hungwe, Grace Maduke, Elliot Manyewe, Tecla Mapfumo, Innocent Marufu, Chenesai Mashiri, Shellie Mazenge, Euphrasia Mbinda, Abigail Mhuri, Charity Muguti, Lucy Munemo, Loveness Musindo, Laina Ngada, Dambudzo Nyembe, Rachel Taruvinga, Emma Tobaiwa, Selina Banda, Jesca Chaipa, Patricia Chakaza, Macdonald Chandigere, Annie Changunduma, Chenesai Chibi, Otilia Chidyagwai, Elika Chidza, Nora Chigatse, Lennard Chikoto, Vongai Chingware, Jaison Chinhamo, Marko Chinhoro, Answer Chiripamberi, Esther Chitavati, Rita Chitiga, Nancy Chivanga, Tracy Chivese, Flora Chizema, Sinikiwe Dera, Annacolleta Dhliwayo, Pauline Dhononga, Ennia Dimingo, Memory Dziyani, Tecla Fambi, Lylian Gambagamba, Sikangela Gandiyari, Charity Gomo, Sarah Gore, Jullin Gundani, Rosemary Gundani, Lazarus Gwarima, Cathrine Gwaringa, Samuel Gwenya, Rebecca Hamilton, Agnes Hlabano, Ennie Hofisi, Florence Hofisi, Stanley Hungwe, Sharai Hwacha, Aquiiline Hwara, Ruth Jogwe, Atanus Kanikani, Lydia Kuchicha, Mitshel Kutsira, Kumbulani Kuziyamisa, Mercy Kuziyamisa, Benjamin Kwangware, Portia Lozani, Joseph Mabuto, Vimbai Mabuto, Loveness Mabvurwa, Rebecca Machacha, Cresenzia Machaya, Roswitha Madembo, Susan Madya, Sheneterai Madzingira, Lloyd Mafa, Fungai Mafuta, Jane Mafuta, Alfred Mahara, Sarudzai Mahonye, Admire Maisva, Admire Makara, Margreth Makover, Ennie Mambongo, Murenga Mambure, Edith Mandizvidza, Gladys Mangena, Elliot Manjengwa, Julius Manomano, Maria Mapfumo, Alice Mapfurire, Letwin Maphosa, Jester Mapundo, Dorcas Mare, Farai Marecha, Selina Marecha, Christine Mashiri, Medina Masiya, Thembinkosi Masuku, Priviledge Masvimbo, Saliwe Matambo, Getrude Matarise, Loveness Matinanga, John Matizanadzo, Margret Maunganidze, Belinda Mawere, Chipiwa Mawire, Yulliana Mazvanya, Maudy Mbasera, Magret Mbono, Cynthia Mhakayakora, Nompumelelo Mhlanga, Bester Mhosva, Nomuhle Moyo, Over Moyo, Robert Moyo, Charity Mpakami, Rudo Mpedzisi, Elizabeth Mpofu, Estery Mpofu, Mavis Mtetwa, Juliet Muchakachi, Tsitsi Mudadada, Kudakwashe Mudzingwa, Mejury Mugwira, Tarsisio Mukarati, Anna Munana, Juliet Munazo, Otilia Munyeki, Patience Mupfeka, Gashirai Murangandi, Maria Muranganwa, Josphine Murenjekwa, Nothando Muringo, Tichafara Mushaninga, Florence Mutaja, Dorah Mutanha, Peregia Mutemeri, Beauty Mutero, Edina Muteya, Sophia Muvembi, Tandiwe Muzenda, Agnes Mwenjota, Sithembisiwe Ncube, Tendai Ndabambi, Nomsa Ndava, Elija Ndlovu, Eveln Nene, Enniah Ngazimbi, Atalia Ngwalati, Tafirenyika Nyama, Agnes Nzembe, Eunica Pabwaungana, Sekai Phiri, Ruwiza Pukuta, Melody Rambanapasi, Tambudzai Rera, Violet Samanga, Sinanzeni Shirichena, Chipiwa Shoko, More Shonhe, Cathrine Shuro, Juliah Sibanda, Edna Sibangani, Nikisi Sibangani, Norman Sibindi, Mercy Sitotombe, Pearson Siwawa, Magret Tagwirei, Pretty Taruvinga, Antony Tavagwisa, Esther Tete, Yeukai Tete, Elliot Thandiwe, Amonilla Tibugari, Stella Timothy, Rumbidzai Tongogara, Lancy Tshuma, Mirirayi Tsikira, Constance Tumba, Rumbidzayi Watinaye, Ethel Zhiradzango, Esther Zimunya, Leanmary Zinengwa, Magret Ziupfu, Job Ziyambe, James A. Church, Amy Desai, Dadirai Fundira, Ethan Gough, Rukundo A. Kambarami, Cynthia R. Matare, Thokozile R. Malaba, Tatenda Mupfudze, Francis Ngure, Laura E. Smith, Val Curtis, Katherine L. Dickin, Jean-Pierre Habicht, Collen Masimirembwa, Peter Morgan, Gretel H. Pelto, Corinne Sheffner-Rogers, Roslyn Thelingwani, Paul Turner, Lindiwe Zungu, Tariro Makadzange, Hilda A. Mujuru.S1 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S2 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S3 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S4 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S5 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S6 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S7 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S8 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S9 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S10 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S11 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S12 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S13 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S14 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S15 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S16 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file.S17 Table(XLSX)Click here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "The first two authors, H.M. Bhamare and R.Z. Sayyed, are listed out of order. The first two authors should also be noted as having contributed equally to this work. The third author, Sapna, and the eighth author, Daniel J. Dailin, should be noted as having contributed equally to this work with: Najat Marraiki, Abdallah M. Elgorban, Asad Syed, and Hesham Ali El-Enshasy. Please view the correct author order, affiliations, and citation here:1, R. Z. Sayyed2, Sapna3, Najat Marraiki4, Abdallah M. Elgorban4,5, Asad Syed4, Hesham Ali El-Enshasy6,7,8, Daniel J. Dailin6,7H. M. Bhamare1 Department of Biotechnology, SSVP Sansth\u2019s Late Karmveer Dr. P. R. Ghogrey Science College, Dhule, India, 2 Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal\u2019s Arts, Science and Commerce College, Shahada, India, 3 ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India, 4 Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 5 Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 6 Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, 7 School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, 8 City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypthttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229968Bhamare HM, Sayyed RZ, Sapna, Marraiki N, Elgorban AM, Syed A, et al. (2020) Tree bark scrape fungus: A potential source of laccase for application in bioremediation of non-textile dyes. PLoS ONE 15(6): e0229968."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Animal Microbiome (2019) 1:3https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-019-0004-4Robert Kinley was not listed among the authors in the original article . The corBreanna Michell Roque, Charles Garrett Brooke, Joshua Ladau, Tamsen Polley, Lyndsey Jean Marsh, Negeen Najafi, Pramod Pandey, Latika Singh, Robert Kinley, Joan King Salwen, Emiley Eloe-Fadrosh, Ermias Kebreab and Matthias Hess*.The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been investigated in many autoimmune conditions as a biomarker of inflammation and/or disease activity. The role of NLR in AQP4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is far from clear. In this study, NLR was evaluated in patients with AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD at disease onset and its prognostic impact was subsequently assessed.In this multicenter study, we retrospectively included all recent/newly diagnosed treatment-na\u00efve patients with AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD (n=90) from three different countries in Latin America (LATAM): Argentina, Ecuador, and Mexico. NLR was compared between AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD and healthy controls . Demographic, clinical, paraclinical (including imaging), and prognostic data at 12 and 24 months were also evaluated. Multivariate regression analysis was used to describe and identify independent associations between the log-transformed NLR and clinical (relapses and EDSS) and imaging (new/enlarging and/or contrast-enhancing MRI lesions) outcomes.NLR was higher in NMOSD patients during the first attack compared with HC . Regardless of immunosuppressant\u2019s initiation at disease onset, NLR remained higher in NMOSD patients at 12  and 24  months. No association was found at 12 and 24 months between the log-transformed NLR and the presence of relapses, new/enlarging and/or contrast-enhancing MRI lesions, and/or physical disability.In this cohort of LATAM patients with AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD, NLR was abnormally high in attacks but also during follow-up. However, a high NLR was not an independent predictor of clinical or imaging outcomes in our models. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare and disabling condition characterized by inflammatory attacks, especially involving the optic nerves and spinal cord . NMOSD iWhite blood cells (WBC) and their subtypes has been proposed as biomarkers for inflammation and/or disease activity. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) represents a combination of two of these markers, and is superior to other WBC-derived parameters, due to its stability , 4. NLR NLR is an easily obtained parameter that could act as a biomarker of inflammation and/or disease activity in NMOSD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate NLR in a Latin American (LATAM) cohort of patients with AQP4-ab-positive NMOSD at disease onset and then to assess the prognostic role of this potential biomarker at two years.In this multicenter study, we retrospectively included patients with a first NMOSD attack who fulfilled the 2015 diagnostic criteria  lesions on MRI were assessed at onset, 12 and 24 months. The frequency of clinical relapses was evaluated at 12 and 24 months. In LATAM reference centers, it is a standard practice to perform annual MRIs as a complementary evaluation during follow-up . Thus, MBlood samples were obtained and recorded within 24\u00a0h of admission at disease onset. Data containing laboratory results such as complete blood count (CBC) were included. NLR at baseline, 12 months and 24 months was evaluated in both patients with NMOSD and healthy controls (HC). After the first attack, all patients were started on immunosuppressant treatment (IST). For those started on azathioprine (AZA) or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a concomitant oral steroid was used for 3\u20136 months while steroid-sparing therapy reached full efficacy. As they were on IST, follow-up routine lab tests were requested. These tests (including a CBC) were reviewed approximately at 12 and 24 months after the first attack. HC [median age 40 (range: 18\u201365) years] were recruited in Argentina (2012\u20132017) among healthy subjects who underwent a routine physical examination and general blood tests for their annual physicals. This is part of a preventive healthcare program in Argentina. These medical records were retrieved in an anonymized manner using only filters for age and reason for visit . Therefore, gender is unknown. NLR was calculated as the absolute count of neutrophils divided by the absolute count of lymphocytes from peripheral blood samples before any treatment has been started. Serum AQP4-ab was tested by cell-based assay and only patients with positive results were included.NMOSD typical lesions on brain MRI were classified as follows , 22: optStatistical analysis was performed using STATA 13.0 . Categorical variables are reported as absolute count/frequency (percentage), while continuous variables are summarized as mean \u00b1 standard deviation (SD) or median (IQR), according to their distribution. Distribution was assessed using a combination of the following: visual inspection of histogram and normal probability plot, median, mean, skewness, kurtosis and the Shapiro-Wilk test. NRL was natural log (base e) transformed to fit the normal distribution.Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, as well as NLR, were compared using the t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate. Regression analysis was used to describe and identify independent associations between log-transformed NLR and clinical (relapses and EDSS change) as well as MRI activity (new/enlarging and/or contrast-enhancing MRI lesions). To account for multiple observations on each subject, we used a lineal mixed-effects model with a subject specific random intercept. First, we analyzed the association between NLR and the described outcomes, and then we evaluated separate models with different adjustments . We further explored the association of NLR and EDSS assuming a Poisson distribution and dichotomizing it. For all the analyses, significance level (p) was set at less than 0.05.Ninety AQP4-ab-positive patients and 365 HC were included. Twelve AQP4-ab-positive NMOSD patients were excluded due to diabetes mellitus (n = 3), arterial hypertension (n = 2), and concomitant autoimmune conditions (n = 7). General characteristics of this LATAM cohort are summarized in NLR was higher in NMOSD patients during the first attack compared to HC  (versus others) was not identified as an effect modifier of the relationship between the log-transformed NLR and NMOSD outcomes in the mixed-effects regression model.No association was found at 1 and 2 years between the log-transformed NLR and relapses, new/enlarging and/or contrast-enhancing MRI lesions, or physical disability when considering multiple observations  was obtained from all participants before data collection.Hesham Abboud, MD, PhD, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Raed Alroughani, MD, FRCPC, FAAN, Amiri Hospital Kuwait City, Kuwait; Metha Apiwattanakul, MD, Prasat Neurological Institute, Bangkok, Thailand; Jeffrey Cohen, MD, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Joachim Havla, MD, LMU Hospital, Munich, Germany; Jyh Yung Hor, MD, Penang General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia; Raffaele Iorio, MD, PhD, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Anu Jacob, MD, Cleveland Clinic Abudhabhi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Najib Kissani, MD, Marrakech Medical School, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD, University of Verona, Italy; Marcelo Matiello, MD, MSc, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Esther Melamed, MD, PhD, Dell Medical School, UT Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Veronika E. Neubrand, PhD, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Celia Oreja-Guevara, MD, PhD, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain; Friedemann Paul, MD, Charit\u00e9 University, Berlin, Germany; Anne-Katrin Pr\u00f6bstel, MD, PhD, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Peiqing Qian, MD, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Sasitorn Siritho, MD, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Terry J. Smith, MD, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Pablo Villoslada, MD, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Dean Wingerchuk, MD, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA; Michael R. Yeaman, PhD, 1) Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA, 2) David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.\u2020Affiliated members of The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation International Clinical Consortium (GJCF-ICC) who revised the manuscript for intellectual content: ECC and JR: designed/conceptualized the study, analyzed the data, interpreted the data, and drafted and revised the manuscript for intellectual content. GD-G: collected and interpreted the data and drafted and revised the manuscript for intellectual content. JC: collected and interpreted the data, analyzed the data, and revised the manuscript for intellectual content. PL, JP, EC, JM, EC-D, M\u00c1, JMZ, EG-F, VR-A, JF-R, VT, and AC: collected and interpreted the data, and revised the manuscript for intellectual content. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.The Article Processing Charge was funded by The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation.ECC has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees, and/or travel stipends from Biogen, Bayer, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Raffo, and Teva. GD-G has received research grants/salary support from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (Mexico), Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, and Fundaci\u00f3n Carlos Slim. JC serves as a Health outcomes manager for GlaxoSmithKline. PL has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees, and/or travel stipends from Biogen, Bayer, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Raffo, and Teva. JP has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees, and/or travel stipends from Biogen, Bayer, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Raffo, and Teva. EC has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees, and/or travel stipends from Biogen, Bayer, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, and Teva. JM has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees, and/or travel stipends from Bayer, Merck, and Novartis. VR-A has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees,and/or travel stipends from Roche, Sanofi, Merck, Stendhal, Biogen, Novartis, and Allergan. JF-R has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees, and/or travel stipends from Roche, Sanofi, Merck, Stendhal, Biogen, Novartis, Terumo BCT, Bayer, and Teva. VT has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees, and/or travel stipends from Biogen, Bayer, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Raffo, and Teva. AC has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees, and/or travel stipends from Biogen, Bayer, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Raffo, and Teva. JR has received reimbursement for developing educational presentations, educational and research grants, consultation fees, and/or travel stipends from Biogen, Bayer, Genzyme, Merck, Novartis, Roche, and Teva.The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."}
+{"text": "Microcystis aeruginosa is a bloom-forming cyanobacterium found in freshwater environments. The draft genomes of the M. aeruginosa strains NIES-3787, NIES-3804, NIES-3806, and NIES-3807, which were isolated from Lake Kasumigaura, Japan, were sequenced. The genome sizes of NIES-3787, NIES-3804, NIES-3806, and NIES-3807 were 4,524,637, 4,522,701, 4,370,004, and 4,378,226\u2009bp, respectively. Microcystis aeruginosa is a bloom-forming cyanobacterium found in freshwater environments. The draft genomes of the M. aeruginosa strains NIES-3787, NIES-3804, NIES-3806, and NIES-3807, which were isolated from Lake Kasumigaura, Japan, were sequenced. The genome sizes of NIES-3787, NIES-3804, NIES-3806, and NIES-3807 were 4,524,637, 4,522,701, 4,370,004, and 4,378,226\u2009bp, respectively. Microcystis aeruginosa is the most well-known bloom-forming cyanobacterium, and it is distributed in eutrophic freshwater environments. The most serious problem associated with this species is the production of hepatotoxic cyanotoxins called microcystins  based on multilocus phylogenetic analyses . These strains were established by using a micropipette under an inverted microscope. The strains were cultured in 10\u2009ml of Microcystis aeruginosa medium at 22\u00b0C under light at 25\u2009\u03bcmol photons m\u22122 s\u22121 with a 12:12-h light/dark cycle. Genomic DNA was extracted from 10-ml cultures of these strains using Agencourt Chloropure (Beckman Coulter) following the manufacturer\u2019s protocol. The resultant DNAs were fragmented to approximately 550\u2009bp using an M220 ultrasonicator (Covaris). Genomic libraries of paired-end reads were constructed using a NEBNext Ultra II DNA library prep kit for Illumina (New England Biolabs). Next-generation sequencing was performed with the MiSeq platform (Illumina) using a 500-cycle MiSeq reagent kit version 2. The resultant paired-end reads for NIES-3787, NIES-3804, NIES-3806, and NIES-3807 were 151,461,029\u2009bp, 643,439,906\u2009bp, 395,828,445\u2009bp, and 197,435,680\u2009bp, respectively. The raw reads were trimmed using Trimmomatic version 0.38 (de novo assembly was performed using SPAdes version 3.11.1 (https://github.com/tseemann/shovill). Next, the assembled scaffolds were polished using Pilon version 1.22 (ftsZ, one of seven multilocus sequence typing loci (Axenic cultures of M. aeruginosa would be useful for monitoring algal blooms and managing freshwater ecosystems.The genome assembly results are detailed in Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-3787, NIES-3804, NIES-3806, and NIES-3807 have been deposited in DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession numbers BJCH01000001 to BJCH01000214, BJCI01000001 to BJCI01000238, BJCJ01000001 to BJCJ01000235, and BJCK01000001 to BJCK01000228, respectively. The raw genomic reads of the strains are available in DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession numbers DRR205020, DRR205021, DRR205022, and DRR205023, respectively.The draft genomic sequences of"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-019-45060-y, published online 20 June 2019Correction to: The original version of this Article contained a typographical error in the spelling of the author Luis Mart\u00ednez-Mart\u00ednez, which was incorrectly given as Luis Mart\u00ednez.In addition, this Article contained a typographical error in the following affiliation.Infectiuos Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Plaza de Cruces, S/N, 48903, Baracaldo, Vizcaya,Spainnow reads:Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Plaza de Cruces, S/N, 48903, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, SpainThese errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Material File."}
+{"text": "Styrax agrestis (Lour.) G. Don, is a deciduous species of Styracaceae with beautiful shape, drooping flowers, and blooming like snow. Here, we characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of S. agrestis using next generation sequencing. The circular complete cp genome of S. agrestis is 157,893\u2009bp in length, containing a large single-copy (LSC) region of 87,512\u2009bp, and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,285\u2009bp. It comprises 136 genes, including eight rRNA genes, 37 tRNAs genes, 90 protein-coding genes, and one pseudo gene. The GC content of S. agrestis cp genome is 36.96%. The phylogenetic analysis suggests that S. agrestis is a sister species to Styrax faberi in Styracaceae. Styrax agrestis (Lour.) G. Don is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical lowland areas in Southeast Asia. Currently, S. agrestis possesses high value for ornamental, timber, and medicinal purposes  based on Illumina pair-end sequencing to provide a valuable complete cp genomic resource.agrestis grown in Jianfengling, Ledong County , Hainan, China. The voucher specimen was deposited at the herbarium of Nanjing Forestry University (accession number: NF2020090). The whole genome sequencing was carried out on Illumina Hiseq platform by Nanjing Genepioneer Biotechnology Inc. . The original reads were filtered by CLC Genomics Workbench v9, and the clean reading was assembled into chloroplast (cp) genome with SPAdes  regions of 26,048\u2009bp, which were separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region of 87,512\u2009bp, and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,285\u2009bp. A total of 136 genes are encoded, including 90 protein-coding genes (82 CDS species), 37 tRNAs gene (30 tRNA species), eight rRNA genes (four rRNA species), and one pseudo gene. Most of genes occurred in a single copy; however, eight protein-coding genes , seven tRNA genes , and four rRNA genes  are totally duplicated. A total of nine protein-coding genes  contained one intron while the other three genes  had two intron each. The rest of the 70 protein-coding genes are psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ, psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbH, psbI, psbJ, psbK, psbL, psbM, psbN, psbT, ndhC, ndhD, ndhE, ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK, petA, petG, petL, petN, atpA, atpB, atpE, atpH, atpI, rbcL, rpl14, rpl20, rpl22, rpl23, rpl32, rpl33, rpl36, rps11, rps14, rps15, rps18, rps19, rps2, rps3, rps4, rps7, rps8, rpoA, rpoB, rpoC2, matK, cemA, accD, ccsA, infA, lhbA, orf188, orf42, ycf1, ycf15, ycf2, and ycf4. The overall GC content of S. agrestis genome is 36.96%, and the corresponding values in LSC, SSC, and IR regions are 34.81%, 30.29%, and 42.92%, respectively.The circular genome of S. agrestis was clustered with other families of Styracaceae with 100% bootstrap values  as outgroups with sequenced cp genomes. We found that p values . In addi"}
+{"text": "The novel coronavirus COVID-19) has spread rapidly and become a severe global threat, with a reported acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) incidence up to 40% 9 has spr.p\u2009=\u20090.033), especially in patients who received Chinese herbal therapy during the whole disease course. Further, these patients were also divided into two groups according to whether they had used Chinese herbal; a decreased trend of mortality was also observed .Here we presented the data from a single ICU of Tianyou hospital in Wuhan, and according our experience, the overall mortality decreased in patients receiving Chinese herb therapy. From January 11, 2020, to March 17, 2020, a total of 37 patients confirmed with COVID-19 infection were admitted to ICU (Table\u00a0Formula 1: Xinren, Shigao, Gualuo, Dahuang, Mahuang, Tinglizi, Taoren, Caoguo, Binglang, Cangshu, Jinyinhua, Lianqiao, Hongjingtian.Formula 2: Fuzhi, Shengjiang, Huangqi, Renshen, Xinren, Shigao, Gualuo, Dahuang, Mahuang, Tinglizi, Taoren, Caoguo, Binglang, Cangshu, Gancao.We understand our finding is unstable due to the limited sample size and potential cofounders. However, in China, Chinese herbal therapy has been fully applied to patients with COVID-19 infection in the middle stage of this epidemic and the effect is positive. The following content is the main Chinese herbal formulas for these nine patients:"}
+{"text": "Manuscript: Induction of selective liver hypothermia prevents significant ischemia/reperfusion injury in Wistar rats after 24 hoursPublication: Acta Cir Bras. 2020;35(2):e202000205Doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020200020000005On the first page of the original publication, instead of this authors names:I, Larisse LongoII, Jorge Luiz dos SantosIII, Gemerson GabiattiIV, Carlos BoffilV, Emanuel Bendo dos SantosVI, Carlos Thadeu Schmidt CerskiVII, Marcio Fernandes ChedidVIII, Carlos Otavio CorsoIXTomaz de Jesus Maria Grezzana-FilhoConsider this names:I, Larisse LongoII, Jorge Luiz dos SantosIII, Gemerson GabiattiIV, Carlos BoffilV, Emanuel Burck dos SantosVI, Carlos Thadeu Schmidt CerskiVII, Marcio Fernandes ChedidVIII, Carlos Otavio CorsoIXTomaz de Jesus Maria Grezzana-Filho"}
+{"text": "When writing the \u201c2019 State of the Journal Report\u201d at this same time last year, we could not have predicted the global changes that would beset us with so many challenges from the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of us lost loved ones, friends, and colleagues, while the entire world adapted to working from home, participating in remote classrooms, and adopting safety precautions as a new means of daily life. The research community was also affected, with the cessation of travel leading to virtual conferences. Thanks to the heroic efforts of many conference chairsYet, in the presence of a global pandemic, scientific contributions continued in the software and systems modeling community. The number of SoSyM submissions over the past year saw an increase, while the general health of the journal remains strong. Measures put in place recently, such as the second year of moving to six issues per year, have helped to reduce the time to publication significantly. The Open Access movement is also progressing, with Springer announcing new initiatives to make SoSyM publications more accessible to a broader community of researchers. The rest of this editorial summarizes the progress made by the journal during this unprecedented situation.Our hope is that you remain safe and have a productive 2021!The six SoSyM issues published in 2020 contained 17 Regular papers, 33 Special Section papers, 6 Theme Section papers, 4 Expert Voices, and 9 Guest Editorials. In total, 1587 pages were published in volume 19.We are very happy to report that the 2-year Impact Factor (IF) for SoSyM continues to be very respectable at 1.876 (previously at 2.66 in 2019 and 1.722 in 2018), with the 5-year IF holding at 1.915. Furthermore, the h-5 Google Scholar ranking places SoSyM at #12 among all conferences and journals related to software engineering and programming languages.There are two new positive \u201crecords\u201d set for SoSyM in 2020 related to submissions and downloads. Over the past year, SoSyM received 372 submissions\u2014the largest number for any year in our history (over 100 submissions over the average of the past three years). Furthermore, at the time of this writing, there were over 164,316 downloads from January through the end of November 2020. This is well beyond the 2019 download numbers  of 136,378. These two observations suggest the growing interest in SoSyM among the research community.The acceptance rate in 2020 was 19%, which is a respectable rate for a high-quality journal such as SoSyM. The average time from submission to the final decision (accept or reject) has slightly increased to 146\u00a0days (128\u00a0days in 2019 and 138\u00a0days in 2018).http://www.sosym.org/awards/.MODELS 2020 was originally planned to be held in Montreal, Canada, but due to the safety concerns with COVID-19, the conference was held virtually in October 2020. We thank the MODELS 2020 organizers (Eugene Syriani and Houari Sahraoui) and the PC co-Chairs (Silvia Abrah\u00e3o and Juan de Lara) for collaborating with SoSyM. We were able to host another awards session with paper presentations of the Best SoSyM Papers over the past 10\u00a0years during a special virtual session of MODELS 2020. The selection was based on the ISI citation index among papers published in SoSyM since 2010. More information about the awards can be found at: SoSyM 2020 \"Ten-year most influential Regular paper award\" was given to:Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 9, Issue 2, pp. 257\u2013280, Springer, April 2010.Jeff Offutt and Ye Wu, \"Modeling presentation layers of web applications for testing,\" In: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-009-0125-4The SoSyM 2020 \"Ten-year most influential Theme Section paper award\" was given to:Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 9, Issue 4, pp. 427\u2013451, Springer, September 2010.Nicolas Anquetil, Uira Kulesza, Ralf Mitschke, Ana Moreira, Jean-Claude Royer, Andreas Rummler, and Andre Sousa, \"A model-driven traceability framework for software product lines,\" In: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-009-0120-9The Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Springer, in press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00807-4Yinling Liu, Tao Wang, Haiqing Zhang, and Vincent Cheutet. \u201cAn improved approach on the model checking for an agent-based simulation system.\u201d In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Springer, in press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00819-0Simin Cai, Barbara Gallina, Dag Nystr\u00f6m, and Cristina Seceleanu. \u201cSpecification and automated verification of atomic concurrent real-time transactions.\u201d In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 1, Springer, January 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00804-7Karim Jahed, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, and Juergen Dingel. \u201cOn the benefits of file-level modularity for EMF models.\u201d In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Springer, in press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00815-4Stefan G\u00f6tz, Matthias Tichy, and Raffaela Groner. \u201cClaimed Advantages and Disadvantages of (dedicated) Model Transformation languages: A Systematic Literature Review.\u201d In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 19, Issue 3, pp. 647\u2013691, Springer, May 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-019-00752-xAnthony Anjorin, Thomas Buchmann, Bernhard Westfechtel, Zinovy Diskin, Zinovy, Hsiang-Shang Ko, Romina Eramo, Georg Hinkel, Leila Samimi-Dehkordi, and Albert Zuendorf. \u201cBenchmarking bidirectional transformations: theory, implementation, application, and assessment.\u201d In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 19, Issue 3, pp. 741\u2013762, Springer, May 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-019-00764-7Milena Guessi, Flavio Oquendo, and Elisa Yumi Nakagawa. \u201cArk: A constraint-based method for architectural synthesis of smart systems.\u201d In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 19, Issue 3, pp. 763\u2013784, Springer, May 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-019-00770-9Enyo Gon\u00e7alves, Camilo Almendra, Miguel Goul\u00e3o, Jo\u00e3o Ara\u00fajo, and Jaelson Castro. \u201cUsing empirical studies to mitigate symbol overload in iStar extensions.\u201d In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 19, Issue 4, pp. 959\u2013981, Springer, July 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00780-yNicolas Hili, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Karim Jahed, and Juergen Dingel. \u201cA model-based architecture for interactive run-time monitoring.\u201d In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 19, Issue 3, pp. 625\u2013646, Springer, May 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-019-00755-8Juan C. Vidal, Paulo Carreira, Vasco Amaral, Joao Aguiam, and Jo\u00e3o Sousa. \u201cTowards high-level fuzzy control specifications for building automation systems.\u201d In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 19, Issue 6, pp. 1483\u20131587, Springer, November2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00806-5Bence Graics, Vince Moln\u00e1r, Andr\u00e1s V\u00f6r\u00f6s, Istv\u00e1n Majzik, and D\u00e1niel Varr\u00f3. \u201cMixed-semantics composition of statecharts for the component-based design of reactive systems.\u201d In: The continuous collaboration between SoSyM and the MODELS conference in organizing the SoSyM \u201cJournal-First\u201d was successfully continued. This enables authors of recent SoSyM papers to present their work across the core conference sessions at MODELS. Through this collaboration, SoSyM authors have the opportunity to reach a broader audience to present their work. This also benefits the MODELS conference program by including research talks that explore more depth through analytical and empirical evidence than can be presented in a traditional conference submission. The virtual nature of MODELS 2020 allowed for more SoSyM papers to be selected for presentation. At MODELS 2018, four articles were presented. At MODELS 2019, we increased this number to seven articles and at MODELS 2020 to ten articles (papers that were accepted from July 2019 through June 2020). The SoSyM \u201cJournal-First\u201d papers presented at MODELS 2020 were the following (note: Some of the papers are available online but have not yet received an assignment to an issue):Each year, Editors who served the SoSyM community for many years retire from the SoSyM Editorship with distinction of service and our deep appreciation. In 2020, Dorina Petriu announced that she desired to step down as an Editor after many years of service. Thanks Dorina for all of your contributions to SoSyM! As mentioned earlier in this report, SoSyM received a record number of submissions this year (372), which requires us to grow the Editorial Board. We are very happy to welcome the following new SoSyM Editors and look forward to working with them in the future.Juergen Dingel, Antonio Garc\u00eda-Dom\u00ednguez (twice!), Marcus Gerhold, Mario Gleirscher, Sylvain Hall\u00e9, Stefan Klikovits, Thomas K\u00fchne, Hugo A. L\u00f3pez, Florian Matthes, Libero Nigro, Bentley Oakes, Stefan Sauer, Harald St\u00f6rrle, Valent\u00edn Valero, Steven van Kervel, and Simon Van Mierlo.A strong research community depends on the efforts of volunteers who help serve as reviewers.The software and systems modeling community has always risen to the request for help from SoSyM. We appreciate all of the help that the reviewers provided in service to the modeling community! We would also like to offer special recognition to the following reviewers, who were recommended as the SoSyM Best Reviewers of 2020, based on the technical depth and feedback provided to authors over the past year\u2014congratulations! We will send a certificate of recognition to each of the following reviewers:http://www.sosym.org/people/.Rasmus Adler, Paulo Alencar, Ian Alexander, Joao Paulo Almeida, Ahmad Salim Al-Sibahi, Juliana Alves Pereira, Vasco Amaral, Elske Ammenwerth, Moussa Amrani, Daniel Amyot, Kelly Androutsopoulos, Anthony Anjorin, Muhammad Anwar, Vincent Aranega, Joao Araujo, Paolo Arcaini, Chetan Arora, Cyrille Artho, Wesley K. G. Assuncao, Colin Atkinson, Vanessa Ayala-Rivera, Thomas Baar, Onder Babur, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Mira Balaban, Torsten Bandyszak, Luciano Baresi, Kamel Barkaoui, Jiri Barnat, Angela Barriga, Francesco Basciani, Mar\u00eda Bastarrica, Dinesh Batra, Steffen Becker, Mitra Tabaei Befrouei, David Benavides, Luca Berardinelli, Gabor Bergmann, Simona Bernardi, Ilia Bider, Robert Bill, Olivier Biot, Karsten Boehm, Francis Bordeleau, Dominik Bork, Artur Boronat, Saida Boukhedouma, Frederic Boulanger, Erwan Bousse, Drazen Brdjanin, Uwe Breitenbuecher, Ruth Breu, Jean-Michel Bruel, Davide Brugali, Hugo Bruneliere, Andrea Burattin, Erik Burger, Loli Burgue\u00f1o, Arvid Butting, Cristina Cabanillas, Jos\u00e8 Campos, Laurent Capocchi, Jan Carlson, Victorio Carvalho, Roberto Casadei, Ana Cavalcanti, Graziana Cavone, Moharram Challenger, Mohammad Chami, Michel Chaudron, Franck Chauvel, Stanislav Chren, Antonio Cicchetti, Federico Ciccozzi, Robert Claris\u00f3, Tony Clark, Peter Clarke, Manuel Clavel, Rolland Colette, Nelly Condori-Fern\u00e1ndez, Maxime Cordy, Carl Corea, Mario Cortes-Cornax, Jes\u00fas S\u00e1nchez Cuadrado, Alberto da Silva, Fabiano Dalpiaz, Marian Daun, Nancy Day, Alfonso de la Vega, Juan de Lara, Romulo De Oliveira, Julien DeAntoni, Patrick Delfmann, Romain Demangeon, Joerg Desel, Xavier Devroey, Juri Di Rocco, Davide Di Ruscio, Marcos Didonet Del Fabro, Aleksandar Dimovski, Crystal Din, Juergen Dingel, Zinovy Diskin, Lydie Du Bousquet, Francisco Duran, Alexander Egyed, Maged Elaasar, Eduard Enoiu, Romina Eramo, Huseyin Ergin, Maria Escalona, Lorenz Esch, Elisabet Estevez, Bedilia Estrada, Dirk Fahland, Michalis Famelis, Anna Rita Fasolino, Andreas Fellner, Peter Fettke, Barabara Fila, Hans-Georg Fill, John Fitzgerald, Ulrich Frank, Martin Fr\u00e4nzle, Agn\u00e8s Front, Frederik Gailly, Antonio Garc\u00eda-Dom\u00ednguez, Gregory Gay, Sebastien Gerard, Marcus Gerhold, Mario Gleirscher, Martin Gogolla, Aniruddha Gokhale, Thomas Goldschmidt, Claudio Gomes, Cesar Gonzalez-Perez, Catarina Gralha, Peter Green, Joel Greenyer, Paul Grefen, Raffaela Groner, Georg Grossmann, Lars Grunske, Esther Guerra, Renata Guizzardi, Jens Gulden, Jin Guo, Simon Hacks, Sylvain Hall\u00e9, Stefan Hallerstede, Oystein Haugen, Jane Hayes, Xiao He, Regina Hebig, Reiko Heckel, Constance Heitmeyer, Loic Helouet, Martin Henkel, James Hill, Georg Hinkel, Nico Hochgeschwender, Jennifer Horkoff, Christopher Hoyle, Ludovico Iovino, Muhammad Zohaib Iqbal, Karim Jahed, Amin Jalali, Phillip James, Cyrille Jegourel, Manfred A. Jeusfeld, Christian Johansen, Monika Kaczmarek, Bernhard Kaiser, Sungwon Kang, Dimitris Karagiannis, Gabor Karsai, Evangelia Kavakli, Timo Kehrer, Udo Kelter, Wael Kessentini, Djamel Eddine Khelladi, Ferhat Khendek, Marite Kirikova, Stefan Klikovits, Alexander Knapp, Jan Kofron, Shekoufeh Kolahdouz-Rahimi, Dimitrios Kolovos, Dimitris Kolovos, Harald K\u00f6nig, Nikolai Kosmatov, Stefan Kugele, Thomas K\u00fchne, Akhil Kumar, Katsiaryna Labunets, Yngve Lamo, Kevin Lano, Xavier Le Pallec, Choonhwa Lee, Henrik Leopold, Shuai Li, Sotirios Liaskos, Crescencio Lima, Lukas Linsbauer, Guanjun Liu, Malte Lochau, Hugo A. L\u00f3pez, Ernesto L\u00f3pez-Mellado, Florian Lorber, Mass Soldal Lund, Fernando Mac\u00edas, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Mallet, Beatriz Mar\u00edn, Andrea Marrella, Florian Matthes, Raimundas Matulevicius, Claudio Menghi, Gergely Mezei, Faida Mhenni, Judith Michael, Miguel Mira da Silva, Raffaela Mirandola, Michael M\u00f6hring, Brice Morin, Sebastien Mosser, Christian Moya, Seyyedeh Atefeh Musavi, Gunter Mussbacher, Andreas Naderlinger, Pascal N\u00e9gros, Bernd Neumayr, Phu Nguyen, Phuong Nguyen, Libero Nigro, Alexander Nolte, Arne Nordmann, Markus N\u00fcttgens, Bentley Oakes, Peter \u00d6lveczky, Andreas Opdahl, Mert Ozkaya, Richard Freeman Paige, Marc Pantel, Jovanka Pantovic, Nick Papoulias, Raul Pardo, Chris Partridge, Oscar Pastor, Patrizio Pelliccione, David Pereira, Diego Perez-Palacin, Barbara Pernici, Justyna Petke, Alfonso Pierantonio, Ingo Pill, Elias Pimenidis, Geert Poels, Pascal Poizat, Fiona Polack, Gregor Polan\u010di\u010d, Luigi Pomante, Saheed Popoola, Sam Procter, Luise Pufahl, Ahsan Qamar, Truong Ho Quang, Ansgar Radermacher, Akshay Rajhans, Alexander Raschke, Muhammad Rashid, Daniel Ratiu, Gil Regev, Gianna Reggio, Manfred Reichert, Hajo Reijers, Wolfgang Reisig, Guizzardi Renata, Jan Oliver Ringert, Roberto Rodr\u00edguez-Echeverr\u00eda, Marcela Ruiz, Adrian Rutle, Renaud Rwemalika, Aymen Saied, Gwen Salaun, Cesar Sanchez, Jes\u00fas S\u00e1nchez Cuadrado, Kurt Sandkuhl, Alceste Scalas, Axel Scheithauer, Johannes Schobel, Stefan Sch\u00f6nig, Ulrik Schultz, Christoph Sch\u00fctz, Cristina Seceleanu, Ed Seidewitz, Lionel Seinturier, Bran Selic, Sagar Sen, Eltefaat Shokri, Natalia Sidorova, Anthony Simons, Monique Snoeck, Stefan Sobernig, Pnina Soffer, Hui Song, Wei Song, Matthew Stephan, Janis Stirna, Volker Stolz, Harald St\u00f6rrle, Eleni Stroulia, Daniel Str\u00fcber, Patrick St\u00fcnkel, Arnon Sturm, Andreas Symeonidis, Eugene Syriani, Gabor Szarnyas, J\u00e9r\u00e9mie Tatibouet, Michael Tautschnig, Ramin Tavakoli Kolagari, Martin Thibault, Matthias Tichy, Ulyana Tikhonova, Massimo Tisi, Saurabh Tiwari, Jake Tom, Hanh Nhi Tran, Javier Troya, Christos Tsigkanos, Valent\u00edn Valero, Antonio Vallecillo, Han van der Aa, Steven van Kervel, Simon Van Mierlo, Irene Vanderfeesten, Juan Manuel Vara, Tullio Vardanega, Daniel Varro, Gabriel Wainer, Pengyuan Wang, Barbara Weber, Ron Weber, Heike Wehrheim, Marco Wehrmeister, Jun Wei, Andrew Weinert, Georg Weissenbacher, Bernhard Westfechtel, Anton Wijs, Manuel Wimmer, Karsten Wolf, Uwe Wolter, Murray Woodside, Andreas Wortmann, Franz Wotawa, Jin-Long Wu, Sobhan Yassipour-Tehrani, Sira Yongchareon, Shin Yoo, Bahman Zamani, Anna Zamansky, Jelena Zdravkovic, Bernard P. Zeigler, Man Zhang, Alois Zoitl, Athanasios Zolotas, Steffen Zschaler, and Albert Zuendorf.Below is a list of those who reviewed one or more papers for the journal in the last year. The complete list of reviewers can also be found on our website Expert's Voice\u201cThe triptych of conceptual modeling\u2014A framework for a better understanding of conceptual modeling\u201d by Heinrich C. Mayr and Bernhard ThalheimEMMSAD 2019 Special SectionGuest Editors: Iris Reinhartz-Berger and Jelena ZdravkovicRegular Papers\"Generation of hazard relation diagrams: Formalization and tool support\" by Bastian Tenbergen and Thorsten Weyer\"A framework for automated multi-stage and multi-step product configuration of cyber-physical systems\" by Safdar Aqeel Safdar, Hong Lu, Tao Yue, Shaukat Ali, and Kunming Nie\"On the benefits of file-level modularity for EMF models\u201d by Karim Jahed, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, and J\u00fcrgen DingelThe contents of this issue are as follows:We wish you a Happy New Year with the hope that you enjoy reading the papers in this issue!Huseyin Ergin, Jeff Gray, Bernhard Rumpe, and Martin Schindler"}
+{"text": "Manuscript: Differences in lipidomics may be potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancerPublication: Acta Cir Bras. 2020;35(5):e202000508Doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020200050000008On the first page of the original publication, instead to this presentation by the authors:I, Di MuII, Ming ChengIII, Yuting DouIV, Xianwei ZhangV, Zhensheng FengVI, Guangting QiuVII, Hua YuVII, Yang ChenVIII, Hong XuVIII*, Jian SunVIII*, Ling ZhouIX*Dehua ZhouConsider this:I*, Di MuII*, Ming ChengIII, Yuting DouIV, Xianwei ZhangV, Zhensheng FengVI, Guangting QiVII, Hua YuVII, Yang ChenVIII, Hong XuVIII, Jian SunVIII, Ling ZhouIXDehua Zhou"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-020-59342-3, published online 12 February 2020Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the affiliation list.Yanbo Song was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Life Science College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, PR China\u2019.Furthermore, Guoliang Wu was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Horticulture College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, PR China\u2019.The correct author affiliations are listed below.Affiliation 1Horticulture College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, PR China.Yanbo Song, Guoliang WuAffiliation 2Life Science College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, PR China.Xiaojing Shi, Yanli Zou, Juanru Guo, Nan Huo, Chengping Zhao and Hong LiAffiliation 3Institute of Pomology, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, PR China.Shuangjian ChenAffiliation 4Shanghai Applied Protein Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201100, PR China.Yong PengThese errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the article."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE   2] are tXZ and AQ agreed with the retraction. LD, YY, HL, JL, LW, YL, ZD, XJ, HW, ZL, and GZ either did not respond directly or could not be reached. CW did not agree with the retraction."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Modern Pathology10.1038/s41379-019-0279-8Since the publication of this paper, the authors noticed that the affiliation information for Francesco Bertolini, Giovanna Motta, Federica Melle, Valentina Tabanelli and Angelica Calleri was not complete. The correct affiliation is shown below:Division of Haematopathology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, ItalyGiovanna Motta, Federica Melle, Valentina Tabanelli, Angelica Calleri and Stefano A. Pileri."}
+{"text": "Synsepalum dulcificum D. belongs to the Sapotaceae family, which is an evergreen shrub native to tropical West Africa. It is a kind of magical plant that has the unique characteristic of modifying sour flavors to sweet. In this study, the chloroplast genome of S. dulcificum was sequenced, assembled, and annotated firstly. Chloroplast genome size of S. dulcificum is 158,463\u2009bp, the circular chloroplast genome consists of four regions: a large single-copy region of 88,256\u2009bp, two inverted repeat regions of 25,958\u2009bp, and a small single-copy region of 18,669\u2009bp, with the GC content of 36.87%. A total of 133 genes were annotated in the S. dulcificum chloroplast genome, of which 88 were protein-coding genes (PCGs), 37 were transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight were ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Pouteria campechiana was most closely related to S. dulcificum. The study provides important genomic data for further utilization and breeding of S. dulcificum. Synsepalum dulcificum D. belongs to the Sapotaceae family  and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The genomic DNA was extracted using the Dneasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen) and then stored in the ultra-low temperature specimen library at YITC (specimen accession number: YITC-2020-FZ-S-013). DNA was sequenced using the Illumina Hiseq 2500 Platform . The complete chloroplast genome was assembled with CLC Genomics Workbench v3.6 (http://www.clcbio.com) and annotated with Dual Organelle GenoMe Annotator  under the accession number MT723946, and a physical map was generated by OGDRAW (http://ogdraw.mpimp-golm.mpg.de/) , eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and 37 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, with a total number of 133 genes that were annotated in the S. dulcificum chloroplast genome.Chloroplast genome size of S. dulcificum and other 23 plant species was constructed to verify its phylogenetic relationship. The names of 70 genes common to all species which were used to construct the phylogenetic tree are as follows: Ndhb, Rps12, Rps11, Petn, Ndhf, Rps16, Ndhd, Rps14, Ndhj, Ndhk, Rps18, Rpl2, Ycf3, Rps7, Psab, Rps4, Rps3, Rps2, Rpl22, Rps8, Petd, Petg, Peta, Rps15, Petb, Rpoc1, Petl, Ycf4, Rpoc2, Ycf2, Rpl20, Rpl23, Rpob, Atpi, Atph, Atpb, Atpa, Ndhg, Atpf, Atpe, Psbd, Psba, Psaj, Psbc, Psbb, Psbm, Ndhc, Psbn, Psbi, Psbh, Psbk, Clpp, Psbt, Rpl16, Ndhh, Rpoa, Rpl14, Rpl36, Rpl33, Infa, Psaa, Ndhi, Psai, Ndha, Rbcl, Ndhe, Ccsa, Matk, Cema, and Psac. Multiple sequence alignment was done with MAFFT (Katoh and Standley Hydrangea petiolaris which belongs to Hydrangeaceae family and was used as the out group. The result showed that S. dulcificum was most closely related to Pouteria campechiana (S. dulcificum.A maximum-likelihood (ML) tree based on the sequences of protein-coding genes of pechiana . The stu"}
+{"text": "Dekkers, Jean-Paul Vallee, Katja Derlin, Mike Notohamiprodjo, Ruth P. Lim, Stefano Palmucci, Suraj D. Serai, Joao Periquito, Zhen Jane Wang, Martijn Froeling, Harriet C. Thoeny, Pottumarthi Prasad, Moritz Schneider, Thoralf Niendorf, Pim Pullens, Steven Sourbron and Eric E. Sigmund, was originally published electronically on the publisher\u2019s internet portal on 01 November 2019 without open access. With the author(s)\u2019 decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 10 January 2020 to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ("}
+{"text": "The following article was originally published in issue 9(1). It has now been added to issue 9(S2) :Posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms in children after the Wenchuan earthquakea,b, YiMing Lianga,b, Lin Fua,b and ZhengKui LiuaJin ChengaCAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; bDepartment of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDOI:10.1080/20008198.2018.1472992https://tandfonline.com/toc/zept20/9/sup2?nav=tocListSpecial Issue URL: The following article was originally published in issue 9(1). It has now been added to issue 8(S7) :Training the next generation of psychotraumatologists: Collaborative Network for Training and EXcellence in psychoTraumatology (CONTEXT)a, Philip Hylanda,b, Jamie Murphyc, Maj Hansend, Mark Shevlinc, Ask Elklitd, Ruth Ceannta, Cherie Armourc, Nana Wiedemanne, Mette Munke, Cecilie Dinesene, Geraldine O\u2019Haref, Twylla Cunninghamf, Ditte Askerodg, Pernille Spitzg, Noeline Blackwellh, Angela McCarthyh, Leonie O\u2019Dowdh, Shirley Scotth, Tracey Reidi, Andreas Mokakej, Rory Halpinj, Camila Pereraa,e, Christina Gleesonc,j, Rachel Frostc,h, Natalie Flanagand,j, Kinan Aldammana,e, Trina Tamrakard,i, Maria Louison Vangc,g, Larissa Sherwooda,i, \u00c1ine Traversd,f, Ida Haahr-Pedersena,g, Catherine Walshec,h, Tracey McDonaghd,f and Rikke Holm BramsendFr\u00e9d\u00e9rique Valli\u00e8resaCentre for Global Health, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; bNational College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; cDepartment of Psychology, Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Northern Ireland; dDepartment of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; eInternational Federation of the Red Cross Centre for Psychosocial Support hosted by Danish Red Cross, Copenhagen, Denmark; fProbation Board of Northern Ireland, Belfast, Northern Ireland; gDanish Children\u2019s Centres, Odense, Denmark; hDublin Rape Crisis Centre, Dublin, Ireland; iPolice Service of Northern Ireland, Belfast, Northern Ireland; jSpirasi, Dublin, Ireland10.1080/20008198.2017.1421001DOI: https://tandfonline.com/toc/zept20/8/sup7?nav=tocListSpecial Issue URL:"}
+{"text": "Yue Hu, Lin Zheng, Deng Pan, Lei Shao, Xianfa Xu, Yiming Yu, Qidong Zhuang, Zaichun Deng, and Zhongbo Chen should have read:\u2009 Yue Hu, Lin Zheng, Deng Pan, Lei Shao, Xianfa Xu, Yiming Yu, Qidong Zhuang, Zhongbo Chen, and Zaichun DengIn the article titled \u201cSpecial Staining of the Liquid-Based Cytopathology Test in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis with Nonneutropenic Patients\u201d , the autThe correct author order is also shown above in the author information."}
+{"text": "The authors would like to correct the names and surnames of the following authors of their previous paper , Umile GInt. J. Environ. Res. Public Health2020, 17, 2974.Longo, U.G.; Risi Ambrogioni, L.; Berton, A.; Candela, V.; Massaroni, C.; Carnevale, A.; Stelitano, G.; Schena, E.; Nazarian, A.; DeAngelis, J.; et al. Scapular Dyskinesis: From Basic Science to Ultimate Treatment. Therefore, to cite this paper please use the correct reference as follows:"}
+{"text": "Thunia alba (Lindley) H. G. Reichenbach is a wild ornamental orchid, and it is a rare plant species with small populations. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome sequence of T. alba was assembled using short reads produced by high-throughput sequencing technologies. The whole chloroplast genome was 159,948\u2009bp in length with a typical quadripartite structure, which consisted of a large single-copy (LSC), a small single-copy (SSC), and two inverted repeats (IRs). The sizes of LSC, SSC, and IR were 87,532, 18,852, and 26781\u2009bp, with GC contents of 35.0%, 30.3%, and 43.2%, respectively. There were a total of 135 genes, which included 88 protein-coding genes, 8 rDNA genes, 38 tRNA genes, and a pseudogene. A phylogenetic tree was generated using the maximum-likelihood method, and the results revealed that T. alba was sister to Pleione bulbocodioides and Pleione formosana, with a support rate of 100%. Thunia alba H. G. Reichenbach is a small genus belonging to family Orchidaceae, and it is composed of about six species. Thunia plants are distributed in Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, India, Bhutan, and China, and T. alba is the only species found in China , Taizhou, Zhejiang, China. The CTAB method was applied to extract leaf DNA following the protocol , four rRNA genes , and seven tRNA genes  were present in two copies. One copy of ycf1 locating at the border of IR/SSC was identified as a pseudogene with a size of 1035\u2009bp, while the normal ycf1 was 5568\u2009bp in length, encoding 1856 amino acids. Among the protein-coding genes, both clpP and rps12 possessed two introns, and the other 11 genes, rpl2, ndhB, ndhA, ndhB, rpl2, rpl16, petD, petB, rpoC1, atpF, and rps16, each contained one intron. Moreover, six tRNA genes, trnA-UGC, trnG-GCC, trnI-GAU, trnK-UUU, trnL-UAA, and trnV-UAC, also contained a single intron.The plastome was predicted to contain 135 genes, of which included 88 protein-coding genes, eight rDNA genes, 38 tRNA genes, and a pseudogene. Nine protein-coding genes  as an outgroup. The results revealed that T. alba was sister to Pleione bulbocodioides and P. formosana, with a support value of 100% (A total of 13 chloroplast genome sequences of  of 100% ."}
+{"text": "European Journal of General Practice (EJGP) would like to express their gratitude to all reviewers who have advised us during the year 2019. To acknowledge their essential contribution to the European Journal of General Practice, we have listed the names of all referees who completed at least one review report in 2019.The Editors of the Aarendonk, Diederik; Abecain, Francisco; Adab, Peymane; Adam, Rosalind; Adams, Margo; Adriaenssens, Niels; Afonso, Luis; Agyeman-Yeboah, Joana; Akman, Mehmet; Albasri, Ali; Alvarez, Isabel; Anthierens, Sibyl; Aragon\u00e9s, Enric; Archibald, Lennox K.; Augustine, Erin M.; Avinadav, Efrat; Bak, Marieke; Bayona, Carol; Begum, Aysha; Belbasis, Lazaros; Berenguera, Anna; Best, James D.; Bethell, Christina D.; Bickel, Horst; Ble, Alessandro; Blozik, Eva; Boeckxstaens, Pauline; B\u00f8gelund, Mette; Boogaard, Jannie A.; Borrell, Francisco; Bosmans, Jan; Brandenbarg, Daan; Brandt, C.; Brayne, Carol; Broekema, Susanne; Brown, Stepahnie; Buchanan, Jo; Bucher, Heiner C.; Bullock, Laurna; Buntinx, Frank; Busschers, Wim; Cabral, Christie; Cals, Jochen; Campbell, Paul; Campi\u00f1ez, Manuel; Carbonnel, Fran\u00e7ois; Carrasquillo, Olveen; Cartwright, Claire; Chen, Meixuan; Chung, Paul J.; Clark, Christopher E.; Clark-Grill, Monika; Cohen, Debbie L.; Cohen, Jordana; Coker, Tumaini R.; Colliers, Annelies; Cooper, Jason; Cordoba, Gloria Correia de Sousa, Jaime; Cots, Josep Maria; Cottrell, Lizzie; Cutler, Lizl Dal Bianco, Peter Davis, Ann de la Flor, Josep; De Smedt, Delphine; de Sutter, An; Deasy, C.; Denekens; Joke; Digby, Robin; Dijkland, Simone; Dinant, Geert-Jan; Dinnes, Jacqueline; Discigil; Guzel; Doherty, Sarah; Dreno, Brigitte; Duggleby, Wendy; Duimel-Peeters, Inge; Bell, Mark H.; Eichler, Tilly; Eldin, Carole; Elfstr\u00f6m, K.Miriam; Ellbrant, Julia A.; Endacott, Ruth; Falger, Paul; Fasset, Rob; Fernandes, Susana; Finney, Andrew; Firet, Lotte; Fischer, Gabriele; Fletcher, Benjamin; Fouche, Pieter; Fox, Larry A.; Freund, Tobias; Gallagher, Joe; Geersing, Geert-Jan; Gerber, Jeffrey; Gertig, Dorota M.; Godycki-Cwirko, Maciek; Goicolea, Isabel; Goodloe, Jeffrey; Grand, Johannes; Grassi, Guido; Greer, Joy A.; Griebling, Thomas; Griffin, Tania; Gross, D.; Gryglewska, Barbara; Gucek, Nena; Guedj, Romain; Gunvar, Tolga; Guenoer, Ken; Haidinger, Gerald; Hallberg, Ingalill Rahm; Hamashima, Chisato; Hansmann, Yves; Harskamp, Ralf; Hay, Alastair; Hayward, Gail Nicola; Hedin, Katarina; Helliwell, Toby; Helsper, Charles; Hernandez Santiago; Virginia; Heron, Neil; Herrmann, Wolfram; Hinrichs, Timo; Holm, Maja; Hopstaken, Rogier; Huesing, Paul; Hughes, Lloyd; Huibers, Linda; Iacob, Mihai; Ingram, Jenny; Janne Fangel, Jensen; Jardim, Thiago Veiga; Jensen, Henry; Jensen, Martin; Jeyashree, Kathiresan; Junius-Walker, Ulrike; Kanabar, Dipak; Keiren, Suzanne; Kendir, Candar; Keohane, David; Kern, Jean-Baptiste; Kluetz, Paul; Knottnerus, Bart; Koes, Bart; Koshiaris, Constantinos; Kostev, Karel; Kotseva, Kornelia; Kraaijvanger, Nicole; Krist, Alex H.; Ku\u015fkonmaz, \u015eerife; Lagro-Jansen, Toine; Lamarre-Cliche; Maxime; Lan, Patrick G.; LeBlanc, Constance; Leeflang, Mariska; Legido-Quigley, Helena; Legrand, Deplphine; Leysen, Bert; Lieb, Klaus; Liira, Helena; Lim, Anita; Lischka, Martin; Llor, Carl; Lloyd-Williams, Mari; Loehr, Laura; Lofters, Aisha; Lowres, Nicole; Maarsingh, Otto; Madurell, Jordi; Maertens, H.; Maerz, Richard; Magin, Parker; Mahabee-Gittens, E. Melinda; Mahajan, Preetam; Maier, Manfred; Mallen, Christian; Marshall, Sara; Martin Lesende, I\u00f1aki; Martinez-Gonzalez, Nahara; Marzuillo, Pierluigi; Mathes, Erin F. D.; Mathhys, Jan; Mazaheri, Monir; McCabe, Marita; McGorrian, Catherine; McManus, Richard J.; McWhannell, Nicola; Melbye, Hasse; Merianos, Ashley L.; Missiou, Aristea; Moberg, Anna; Moragas-Moreno, Ana; Morato, M. Lluisa; Morita; Tatsuya; Moser, Albine; Moth, Grete; Murphy, Marie; Muth, Christiane; Naouri, Diane; Nekhliyudov, Larrissa; Neri, Emanuele; Ntzani, Evangelia; Nygaard, Peter; O\u2019Caoimh, R.; Olsman, Erik; Onakpoya, Igho; Pallan, Miranda; Park, Young-Jae; Parry, Emma; Perez Cachafeiro, Santiago; Peteiro, Jesus; Petek Ster, Marija; Petek, Davorina; Polomeni, Pierre; Prasad, Ramakrishna; Pujol, Jesus; Qaseem, Amir; Raman, Gowri; Rat, C\u00e9dric; Rattray, Nicholas A.; Rebnord, Ingrid; Reid, Jim; Rimoin, Anne; Roodbol; Petrie; Rouge-Bugat, Marie-Eve; Rubio P\u00e9rez, Francisco; Rubio-Guerra, Alberto; Rustoen, Tone; Sachs, Alfred; Sancho-Garnier, Helene; Schmidt, Morten; Schuers, Matthieu; Schwartz, Claire; Scolnik, Dennis; San Sebastian, Miguel; Senan Sanz, M. Rosa; Shepherd, Tom; Shewade, Hemant Deepak; Silina, Vija; Siontis, George; Siontis; Konstantinos; Spooner, Sharon; Staessen, Jan A.; Standage, Martyn; Stewart, Robert; Stoffers, Jelle; Sturman, N; Sultana, Farhana; Svab, Igor; Szecsenyi, Joachim; Tatsioni, Ath\u00edna; Taylor, Elizabeth Johnston; Taylor, Leslie; Thompson, Paul; Thomsen, Janus; Thulesius, Hans; Thyrian, Jochen Rene; Tiro, Jasmin A.; Tomasik, Tomasz; Tonkin-Crine, Sarah; Topsever, Pinar; Trolle, Laura; Troncoso, Amelia; Twigg, Diane E.; Valderas, Jose M; van der Steen, Jenny T.; van Doorn, Sander; van Lieshout, Jan; van Marwijk, Harm; Van Royen, Paul; van Schayck, Constant; Vankrunkelsven, Patrick; Varva, Olimpia-Maria; Vaughan Sarrazin, Mary; V\u00e1zquez-L\u00f3pez, Esther; Verbakel, Jan; Verhoeven, Veronique; Visca, Modesta; Vorspan, Florence; Wallace, Paul; Wancata, Johannes; Watzke, Herbert; van Weert, Henk; Weinzimer, Stuart A.; Wensing, Michel; Whited, John D.; Windak, Adam; Winer, Rachel L.; Wong, Eliza; Wu, Ann Chen; Wucherer, Diana; Young, Richard; Yuguero Torres, Oriol; Zhu, Dingliang; Zittleman, Linda; Zwakhalen, Sandra MG.European Journal of General Practice accepts around 20% of all submitted manuscripts.We want to thank you all for your appreciated assistance! 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+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62150-4, published online 23 March 2020.Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the author affiliations.Otto Miettinen was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94,720, USA.\u2019 The correct affiliation is listed below.Mycology Unit, Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, Helsinki, Finland.Fei Ren was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Mycology Unit, Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, Helsinki, Finland\u2019. The correct affiliations are listed below.Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.Forestry experiment center of north China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 102300, Beijing, China.Michael R. Thon was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Forestry experiment center of north China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 102300, Beijing, China\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below.Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Villamayor, Spain.Igor V. Grigoriev was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Villamayor, Spain\u2019. The correct affiliations are listed below.US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttp://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75760-9, published online 29 October 2020Correction to: In the original version of this Article, authors Siok Fong Chin and Rahman Jamal were incorrectly affiliated with \u201cDepartment of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, W. Persekutuan, Malaysia.\u201dThe correct affiliation for Siok Fong Chin and Rahman Jamal is listed below.Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, W. Persekutuan, MalaysiaThis error has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Genetics in Medicine 2020; 10.1038/s41436-020-0766-9, published online 03 March 2020Correction to: In the original version of this Article, the contribution of the Splicing and Disease Working Group was not acknowledged. The PDF and HTML versions of the Article have now been corrected to include the following clinical collaborators:Swati Naik, Nicola Ragge, Helen Cox, Jenny Morton, Mary O'Driscoll, Derek Lim, Deborah Osio, Frances Elmslie, Camilla Huber, Julie Hewitt; Heidy Brandon, Meriel McEntagart, Sahar Mansour, Nayana Lahiri, Esther Dempsey, Merrie Manalo, Tessa Homfray, Anand Saggar; Jin Li, Julian Barwell; Kate Chandler, Tracy Briggs, Sofia Douzgou, Julian Adlard, Alison Kraus; Sarju Mehta; Amy Watford, Alan Donaldson, Karen Low; Gabriela Jones, Abhijit Dixit, Elizabeth King, Nora Shannon; Marios Kaliakatsos; Merrie Manalo; Shelagh Joss; Meena Balasubramanian, Diana Johnson; Sarah Everest; Claire Salter, Victoria Harrison, Gillian Wise, Audrey Torokwa, Victoria Sands, Esther Pyle, Tessy Thomas, Katherine Lachlan, Nicola Foulds, Andrew Lotery, Andrew Douglas, Simon Hammans, Emily Pond, Rachel Horton, Mira Kharbanda, David Hunt, Charlene Thomas, Lucy Side, Catherine Willis, Stephanie Greville-Heygate, Rebecca Mawby, Catherine Mercer, Karen Temple, Esther Kinning; Ognjen Bojovic; L. Archer."}
+{"text": "Liu YJ, Chen MJ, Guo C, Zhong W, Ye QY, Zhao J, Zhou Q, Gao XX, Liu XY, Liang HG, Shi YQ, Jiang DLN, Liu HS, Xu Y, Li SQ and Wang MZ contributed data collection. Liu YJ, Chen MJ, Guo C, Xu Y, Li SQ and Wang MZ provided critical inputs on design, analysis, and interpretation of the study. Liu YJ, Chen MJ, Guo C, Xu Y, Li SQ and Wang MZ contributed manuscript writing. All the authors had access to the data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript as submitted."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73788-5, published online 14 October 2020Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Roberto Grassi, Roberta Fusco, Maria Paola Belfiore, Alessandro Montanelli, Gianluigi Patelli, Fabrizio Urraro, Antonella Petrillo, Vincenza Granata, Palmino Sacco, Maria Antonietta Mazzei, Beatrice Feragalli, Alfonso Reginelli & Salvatore Cappabianca which were incorrectly given as Grassi Roberto, Fusco Roberta, Belfiore Maria Paola, Montanelli Alessandro, Patelli Gianluigi, Urraro Fabrizio, Petrillo Antonella, Granata Vincenza, Sacco Palmino, Mazzei Maria Antonietta, Feragalli Beatrice, Reginelli Alfonso & Cappabianca Salvatore.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Harpegnathosvenator, Monomoriumpharaonis, Nylanderiabourbonica, Odontoponeradenticulata, Polyrhachistyrannica and Pseudoneoponerabispinosa. The checklist presents distribution records for Nepalese ant species and provides comparisons with the neighboring countries of China and India.The location of Nepal in the Central Himalaya promotes high habitat and species diversity. Ant diversity is likely high, but there have been few studies of the diversity and distribution of ants in Nepal. Here we present an updated checklist list of Nepalese ants that includes 128 named species in 48 genera and eight subfamilies. Among these species, 21 species have a type locality from Nepal, nine species are endemic to Nepal, and three are introduced species. We add six new ant records for Nepal, namely  Formicidae) are one of the most successful groups of organisms on the planet  is the first comprehensive global database with ant species records in available publications and existing databases ;MCZCMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA;MHNGMus\u00e9um d\u2019Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland;MSNGMuseo Civico di Storia Naturale \u201cGiacomo Doria\u201d, Genoa, Italy;NHMBNaturhistorisches Museum, Basel, Switzerland;NHMUKThe Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom;NHMWThe Natural History Museum Vienna, Austria;PSWC Philip S Ward collection, California, USA;SCHULZ Ted Schulz private collection, Washington DC, USA;SIZKSchmalhausen Institute of Zoology of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kiev;UCDCBohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, Davis;USNMUnited States National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC.The checklist of the ants of Nepal includes 128 valid species. These ant species represent ca. 0.9% of the global ant diversity . The lisAmblyoponinae, Dolichoderinae, Dorylinae, Formicinae, Leptanillinae, Myrmicinae, Ponerinae, and Pseudomyrmecinae. The ant species and genus level richness for each subfamily is given in Table The presented checklist is comprised of 128 named ant species belonging to 48 genera and eight subfamilies (see checklist below). The eight recorded subfamilies are Myrmicinae is the most diverse subfamily in the region with 19 genera and 63 species, followed by Formicinae (11 genera and 36 species), Ponerinae (8 genera and 13 species), Dolichoderinae (4 genera and 6 species), Dorylinae (3 genera and 4 species), Pseudomyrmecinae (1 genus and 4 species), Leptanillinae (1 genus and 1 species) and Amblyoponinae (1 genus and 1 species). Over 87% of all described ant species of the world are from four main subfamilies, Myrmicinae, Formicinae, Ponerinae and Dolichoderinae , Strumigenys (8), Cardiocondyla (7), Prenolepis (6), Polyrhachis (7), Pheidole (5) and Tetraponera (4), Lasius (4). Eighteen other genera contain two or three species: Formica (3), Nylanderia (2) Lepisiota (2), Tetramorium (3), Aphaenogaster (3), Meranoplus (3), Carebara (3), Dorylus (2), Brachyponera (2), Leptogenys (2), Crematogaster (3), Lordomyrma (2), Technomyrmex (2), Dolichoderus (2), Monomorium (3), Diacamma (2), Odontoponera (2) and Pseudoneoponera (2). Twenty-two genera are represented in Nepal by a single species. The most speciose ant genus in India is Camponotus with 83 species  in the neighboring countries of China  are new records for Nepal. The ant genus Harpegnathos is recorded for the first time for Nepal. The most speciose subfamily and genus in Nepal are Myrmicinae and Myrmica respectively. Overall, 21 species were first described from Nepalese specimens, nine species are endemic to Nepal, and three ant species are introduced species. No ant genera are known to be endemic to Nepal. Nepal shares over half of the listed ant species with its neighboring countries.An updated checklist of the ants of Nepal contains 128 valid ant species belonging to 48 genera and eight subfamilies. Six ant species .Stigmatommapertinax Distribution in Nepal. Taplejung: Maewakhola (= Maiwakhola), Sanghu, KH Hyatt leg., NHMUK Distribution in Nepal. Solukhumbu: Tate, 2900 m Distribution in Nepal. Sankhuwasabha: 16 km NE Tumlingtar, 740 m, C Carpenter leg., PSWC Distribution in Nepal. Gorkha, AR Sthapit leg. .Ooceraeabiroi Distribution in Nepal. Bara: Amlekhgunj, EI Coher leg (Sysciasylvestrii); Nepal ; Nepal .Type-species.Acropygaacutiventris Roger, 1862: 243, Type locality. Sri Lanka.Acropygayaeyamensis Terayama & Hashimoto, 1996Distribution in Nepal. Lalitpur: Godavari (= Godawari), C Baroni Urbani leg., MCZC, NHMB Distribution in Nepal. Dolakha: Jarsa, 2000 m Distribution in Nepal. Kavrepalanchok: Chyaubas, 2000 m; Dolakha: Sikris, 2300 m, J Quinlan leg.; Kaski: Phewa lake, Pokhara, 830 m., J Quinlan leg. Distribution in Nepal. Kaski: Pokhara, 1000 m, J Quinlan leg. Distribution in Nepal. Kaski: Phewa lake, Pokhara, 830 m, J Quinlan leg. Distribution in Nepal. Specific locality unknown , 4800 m (Mani and Singh 1862).Type-species.Formicanigra Linnaeus, 1758: 580, Type locality. Europe.Lasiusalienoflavus Bingham, 1903Distribution in Nepal. Jumla: Talphi, H Franz leg., NHMB Distribution in Nepal. Solukhumbu: Junbesi, 2700 m Distribution in Nepal. Myagdi: Bakhri Kharka, 1830 m, J Quinlan leg. Distribution in Nepal. Dolakha: Jiri Khola valley, 1900 m; Solukhumbu: Ringmo\u2013Junbesi, 2800 m; Ghai, 2700 m; Tate, 2900 m; Nare Ghat, 2700 m; Ramechhap, Likhu Khola, 1690 m Distribution in Nepal. Dolakha: Jiri Khola Valley, 1900 m; Solukhumbu: Ringmo\u2013Junbesi, 2800 m Distribution in Nepal. Kavrepalanchok/Sindhupalanchok: Charnawati/Zharange Khola to Kiratechap, 1160\u20131800 m, Bhotekoshi, 1150 m; Tamba Kosi, 1150\u20131450 m, Dhading: Dhunibesi, KC Sharma, J Hanstek and others leg. Distribution in Nepal. Nagarjun forest, Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park, 1660 m, IP Subedi leg., CDZMTU.Nylanderiaindica Distribution in Nepal. Solukhumbu: Thaksindhu, 3500 m, Ringmo\u2013Junbesi, 2800 m, Tate, 2900 m; Ramechhap: Likhu khola, 1690 m Distribution in Nepal. Region del Terai: Ratnanagar, 200 m, M Granados leg., KGAC Distribution in Nepal. Nagarjun forest, Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park, 1650 m, IP Subedi leg., CDZMTU.Polyrhachisthompsoni Bingham, 1903Distribution in Nepal. Makawanpur: 14.5 km W. Hetauda, 400 m, ES Ross and DQ Cavagnaro leg., CASC , 1450 m, C Baroni Urbani, leg., NHMB Distribution in Nepal. Taplejung: Tseram, NE Nepal, 3600 m, Pache leg., MHNG Distribution in Nepal. Solukhumbu: Tate, 2900 m, Sikris, 2333 m, KM Hyatt leg. Distribution in Nepal. Dolakha: Sikris \u2013 Jarsa, 1950\u20132300 m; Bakhri Kharka, 1833 m, J Quinlan leg. .Cardiocondylakagutsuchi Terayama, 1999Distribution in Nepal. Kaski: Pokhara vic., 27 km NW Distribution in Nepal. Specific locality unknown Distribution in Nepal. Bhaktapur Distribution in Nepal. Kaski: Lumle Distribution in Nepal. Baredamar, EI Coher leg Distribution in Nepal. Specific locality unknown, MCZC Distribution in Nepal. Specific locality unknown, MCZC , 250 m, C Baroni Urbani leg., NHMB, NHMUK Distribution in Nepal. Kathmandu, 1350 m, Allen leg., NHMUK; Makawanpur: Hetaura (= Hetauda), Franz leg., NHMB; 9 miles (= 14.5 km) W Hitaura (= Hetauda), 400 m, Ross and Cavagnaro leg., CASC, Bara: Amlekhgunj, Franz leg.; Goropani, W Pokhara, NHMB .Monomoriumdichroum Forel, 1902Distribution in Nepal. Makawanpur: 9 miles (= 14.5 km) W Hitaura (= Hetauda), 400 m, ES Ross and DQ Cavagnaro leg., CASC Distribution in Nepal. Tanahun: Jamune, 530 m, IP Subedi leg., S Yamane det., CDZMTU.Monomoriumsahlbergi Emery, 1898Distribution in Nepal. Makawanpur: 9 mi (= 14.5 km) W Hitaura (= Hetauda), 400 m, ES Ross and DQ Canvagnaro leg., CASC , 3900 m, Tate, 2900 m; Sindhupalchok: Hoxe (= Hokse), 1000\u20132000 m  Pati, Gosaikunda, H Franz leg.; Sankhuwasabha: Maghang Kharka, Makalu Barun Conservation Area, 2548 m, D Emmett and Subedi leg. Sankhuwasabha: Maghang Kharka, Makalu Barun Conservation Area, 2634 m, Alpert, Alonso and Subedi leg., NHMB, SIZK, ELMES .Perissomyrmexmonticola Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 1993Distribution in Nepal. Kosi, Chauki, 2600\u20133000 m, NHMB , Type locality. Malakka, West Malaysia.Pristomyrmexsulcatus Emery, 1895Distribution in Nepal. Likhu Khola, 1700 m; Tate, 2900 m Distribution in Nepal. Kathmandu, MG Allen leg. Distribution in Nepal. Taplejung: Maiwa Khola, Sanghu, 1981 m, KH Hyatt leg., NHMUK , 250 m, 5 km E of Manhari, 350 m, NHMB Nepal Exped., NHMB Distribution in Nepal. Lalitpur: Godawari, 1700 m, M Brendell, NHMUK, MCZ Distribution in Nepal. Kathmandu, MG Allen leg., NHMUK Distribution in Nepal. Taplejung, RL Coe leg., NHMUK  luteipescroceicornis Emery, 1900: 315, Type locality. New Guinea.Brachyponerachinensis Distribution in Nepal. Sankhuwasabha: Makalu Barun National Park, 2400 m, G Alpert et al. leg., MCZ Distribution in Nepal. Dolakha: Jiri Khola, 1900 m; Kavrepalanchok, 1750 m Distribution in Nepal. Specific locality unknown Distribution in Nepal. Specific locality unknown Distribution in Nepal. Kaski: Pokhara e Goropani, H Franz leg., NHMB Distribution in Nepal. Tanahun: Jamune, 530 m, IP Subedi leg., S Yamane det., CDZMTU.Type-species.Leptogenysfalcigera Roger, 1861: 42, Type locality. Sri Lanka.Leptogenysdiminuta Distribution in Nepal. Locality unknown, 830\u20131900 m , 1400 m; Kaski: Phewa lake (Pokhara), 830 m, J Quinlan leg. Distribution in Nepal. Tanahun: Jamune, 530 m, IP Subedi leg., S Yamane det., CDZMTU.Odontoponeratransversa Distribution in Nepal. Kaski: Pokhara, 800 m, D Little leg. , New Guinea.Pseudoneoponerabispinosa Distribution in Nepal. Tanahun: Jamune, 530 m, IP Subedi leg., CDZMTU.Pseudoneoponerarufipes Distribution in Nepal. Dolakha: Namdu, 1450 m, Jarsa, 2000 m, Kavrepalanchok, 1750 m , Type locality. Maharashtra, India.Tetraponeraallaborans Distribution in Nepal. Dolakha: Namdu, 1450 m Distribution in Nepal. Bara: Amlekhgunj, 520 m, EI Coher leg., PSWC Distribution in Nepal. Bara: Amlekhgunj, 520 m, EI Coher leg. Distribution in Nepal. Kavrepalanchok: Cha Khola valley, 1000 m; Kaski: Pokhara, 1000 m; J Quinlan leg. (UCDC, Janakpur, Sunkoshi river, near Khurko, L Morrison leg., PSWC, Kosi, 12 km ENE Tumlingtar, 1150 m, C Carpenter leg., Chitwan National Park, 600 m, A Hacklander leg., PSWC, Kosi, Arun valley, 610 m, L Swan leg, CASC (CDZMTU.lan leg. , Bagmatieg, CASC . Tanahunantmaps.org are not substantiated by specimens, or literature records and/or are with references unverified. These species are marked as dubious and have been excluded from the main species list. We present them below with explanation of their exclusion (Table Thirty-seven ant species reported in on Table ."}
+{"text": "The first, third, and fourth authors, Jakob D. Wikstrom, Margareta Frohm-Nilsson, and Ada Girnita, should be noted as contributing equally to this work."}
+{"text": "Mushrooms are used in their natural form as a food supplement and food additive. In addition, several bioactive compounds beneficial for human health have been derived from mushrooms. Among them, polysaccharides, carbohydrate-binding protein, peptides, proteins, enzymes, polyphenols, triterpenes, triterpenoids, and several other compounds exert antiviral activity against DNA and RNA viruses. Their antiviral targets were mostly virus entry, viral genome replication, viral proteins, and cellular proteins and influenced immune modulation, which was evaluated through pre-, simultaneous-, co-, and post-treatment in vitro and in vivo studies. In particular, they treated and relieved the viral diseases caused by herpes simplex virus, influenza virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Some mushroom compounds that act against HIV, influenza A virus, and hepatitis C virus showed antiviral effects comparable to those of antiviral drugs. Therefore, bioactive compounds from mushrooms could be candidates for treating viral infections. Lentinus (Lentinula), Auricularia, Hericium, Grifola, Flammulina, Pleurotus, Lactarius, Pisolithus, Tremella, Russula, Agaricus, and Cordyceps are well-known edible mushroom species .,35.P. osCaliciviridae .,37.CalicI. obliquus significantly decreased MNV-1 titers by 91.67 \u00b1 3.36% when pretreated in RAW 264.7 cells .,39.38,39G. lucidum reduced the viral RNA level by pre- and cotreatment in human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells [Triterpenoids from D) cells . The intA. brasiliensis and L. edodes exerted antiviral activity against PV-1 (P. pini showed the reduction of the coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) titer when it was simultaneously treated with CVB3 in HeLa cells , proteins , peptides, enzymes (laccase and tyrosinase), polyphenols, triterpenes, triterpenoids, and several other compounds. They reportedly inhibit viral entry, replication, viral enzyme, the expression of viral proteins, and cellular proteins, and enhance immunity against HSV-1, HSV-2, influenza A virus, HIV, HCV, FCV, and EV71. In addition, polysaccharide, sulfated polysaccharide, acidic polysaccharide, peptidomannan, and peptide relieved viral diseases caused by HSV, influenza virus, and HIV. Antiviral mechanisms of mushroom compounds were well defined against enveloped viruses; however, that still needs to be evaluated against non-enveloped viruses such as NoV and enteroviruses. Bioactive metabolites derived from mushrooms could be considered as potential antiviral candidates against DNA and RNA viruses."}
+{"text": "The Editor has retracted this article  because Authors Chuncheng Zhang, Jing Yue, Mingyue Li, Wei Jiang, Yu Pan, Zhimin Song, Cailian Shi, Weixuan Fan and Zhenxiang Pan all agree to this retraction."}
+{"text": "Editor-in-ChiefRob DeSalle - American Museum of Natural History, 79th Street at Central Park W, New York, NY 10024, USA. http://desalle.amnh.orgAssociate EditorMikhail Alexeyev - University of South Alabama, Dept. Physiology and Cell Biology, 5851 USA Dr. North, MSB3074, Mobile, AL 36688, USAManaging & Handling EditorSergios-Orestis Kolokotronis - SUNY Downstate Medical Center, School of Public Health, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Mail Stop Code 43, Brooklyn, NY 11203-2098, USA"}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Emerg Med 20, 16 (2020)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-020-00308-zThe original article  containsAcknowledgementsMembers of the ICPP also include Yael Errera-Ankri, Sarah Freedman, Jessie Frijling, J Carel Goslings, Jan Luitse, Alexander McFarlane, Derrick Silove, Hanspeter Moergeli, Joanne Mouthaan, Daisuke Nishi, Meaghan O\u2019Donnell, Mark Rusch, Marit Sijbrandij, Sharain Suliman, and Mirjam van Zuiden. We are grateful for the contributions of Paul O\u2019Connor at the Nathan Kline Institute for his invaluable assistance in data management and quality assurance."}
+{"text": "In the title of Mixed-effects cumulative logistic regression models were run separately. The random effects were the 18 administrative districts.Analysis adjusted for sex, age, household size, educational attainment, equivalent income, history of cancer, hospitalization during the past year, fall during the past year, alcohol drinking status, and TMIG-IC score."}
+{"text": "In this paper,Therefore, the correct author list is:Caroline Tuchmann\u2010Durand, Eloise Thevenet, Florence Moulin, Fabrice Lesage, Juliette Bouchereau, Mehdi Oualha, Diala Khraiche, Ana\u00efs Brassier, Camille Wicker, St\u00e9phanie Gobin\u2010Limballe, Jean\u2010Baptiste Arnoux, Florence Lacaille, Clotilde Wicart, Bruno Coat, Joel Schlatter, Salvatore Cisternino, Sylvain Renolleau, Philippe\u2010Henri Secretan, Pascale De Lonlay."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-12412-5, published online 25 October 2017Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for Thibaut Pollina and Wenche Eikrem. The correct affiliations are listed below:Thibaut Pollina:Sorbonne Universit\u00e9s, UPMC Universit\u00e9 Paris 06, CNRS, UMR7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, FranceNorwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadall\u00e9en 21, 0349, Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, NorwayWenche Eikrem:Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadall\u00e9en 21, 0349, Oslo, NorwayNatural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO Box 1069, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, NorwayThis has now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of this Article, and in the accompanying Supplemental Material."}
+{"text": "Robinson, Maximillian Pietsch, Thomas Wolfers, Paul Aljabar, Lucilio Cordero Grande, Rui P.A.G. Teixeira, Jelena Bozek, Andreas Schuh, Antonios Makropoulos, Dafnis Batalle, Jana Hutter, Katy Vecchiato, Johannes K. Steinweg, Sean Fitzgibbon, Emer Hughes, Anthony N. Price, Andre Marquand, Daniel Reuckert, Mary Rutherford, Joseph V. Hajnal, Serena J. Counsell, A. David Edwards. Modelling brain development to detect white matter injury in term and preterm born neonates. Brain 2020; 143: 467\u2013479. doi:The authors apologize for misspelling the name of the authors Emma C. Robinson, Joseph V. Hajnal, Anthony N. Price and A. David Edwards. These have now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Paenibacillus alvei and its utilization in lactic acid production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Open Life Sci. 2020;15:185\u201397. doi: 10.1515/biol-2020-0019\u201d the affiliations of authors Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr and Zakaria A. Mohamed are incorrect.In the published article \u201cMostafa YS, Alamri SA, Hashem M, Nafady NA, Abo-Elyousr KAM, Mohamed ZA. Thermostable cellulase biosynthesis from The correct affiliations of Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr and Zakaria A. Mohamed are as follows:Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr, Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture, Plant pathology Department, Assiut, Egypt; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environmental and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Saudi ArabiaZakaria A. Mohamed, Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt"}
+{"text": "The following article was originally published in issue 9(S3) . It has now been moved to standard issue 10(1):Fear extinction learning improvement in PTSD after EMDR therapy: an fMRI studya, Myriam El Khoury-Malhameb, Emmanuelle Reynaudc, Sarah Boukezzic, A\u00efda Cancelc, Xavier Zendjidjiand, Val\u00e9rie Guyond, Jean-Claude Samueliand, Eric Guedje, Thierry Chaminadec and Stephanie KhalfaaPierre-Fran\u00e7ois RousseauaLaboratoire de Neurosciences Sensorielles et Cognitives, UMR 7260 CNRS, Marseille, France; bSchool of Arts and Sciences, Neurosciences, Neuropsychology, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon; cTimone Institute of Neuroscience, UMR 7289 CNRS, Marseille, France; dDepartment of Psychiatry, La Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France; eBiophysics and Nuclear Medicine Department, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France10.1080/20008198.2019.1568132DOI:"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-09783-0, published online 25 August 2017Correction to: G\u00e9nesis Vega was omitted from the author list in the original version of this Article. This has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Electronic Supplementary Material.The updated Author List now reads:Sebasti\u00e1n Alarc\u00f3n, Wallys Garrido, G\u00e9nesis Vega, Claudio Cappelli, Raibel Su\u00e1rez, Carlos Oyarz\u00fan, Claudia Quezada, Rody San Mart\u00ednThe Author Contributions section now reads:Conceived and designed the experiments: SA, CO, CQ, RSM. Performed the experiments: SA, WG, GV, CC, RS, CO. Analyzed the data: SA, WG, GV, CC, RS, CO, CQ, RSM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SA, WG, CC, RS, CO, CQ, RSM. Wrote the paper: SA, CQ, RSM."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Med Educ 20, 341 (2020)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02257-4Following publication of the original article , the corIncorrect: General and Breast Surgery, Department of General and Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Irbid-Amman Street, Al Husn, P.O.Box 3, Irbid 21510, JordanCorrect: Department of General and Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-019-14026-z, published online 09 January 2020.Correction to The original version of this Article contained errors in the author affiliations. Affiliation 2 incorrectly read Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. This has been corrected to Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany. Also, the affiliation of Kentaroh Takagaki with Laboratory in Sensory Physiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany was inadvertently omitted.These have now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Huang HY, Fang Y, Fang H, Wu DW, Wang SH,Bai Y, Yu AQ, Wang H, Sun C, Yu Y, Fan Y, Yang C, Shi JF,Li N performed the experiments. Huang HY, Fang Y, Shi JF,Li N analyzed the data. Huang HY, Yang C, Shi JF, Shi JFcontributed analysis tools. Huang HY, Fang Y, Shi JF, Li Nprovided critical inputs on design, analysis, and interpretationof the study. All the authors had access to the data. All authorsread and approved the final manuscript as submitted."}
+{"text": "J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105(4):1847\u20131861; doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgz310) the following omission occurred in the published paper: \u201cThe name of T\u00fclay G\u00fcran was omitted from the list of Turkish investigators acknowledged as members of the REAL 3 Study Group.\u201d The correct group membership section should read as follows:In the above-named article by S\u00e4vendahl L, Battelino T, Brod M, H\u00f8jby Rasmussen M, Horikawa R, Vestergaard Juul R, Saenger P, on behalf of the REAL 3 Study Group (\u201c*Members of the REAL 3 Study Group:Austria: Dieter Furthner, Bettina Piringer, Lorenz Auer-Hackenberg, Klaus Schmitt, Marlene ReitmayrBrazil: Marcello Delano Bronstein, Francisco Samuel Magalh\u00e3es LimaGermany: Martin Wabitsch, Carsten Posovszky, Volker B\u00f6ttcher, Alexander MannIsrael: Eli Hershkovitz, Alon Haim, Neta Lowenthal, Orit Hamiel, Sharon Sheinvald Levin, Kineret Mazor-Aronovitch, Michal Ben-Ami, Yael Levy Shraga, Dalit Modan, Noah Gruber, Moshe Phillip, Yael Lebenthal, Ariel Tenenbaum, Alon Eliakim, Nitzan Dror, Ruby Haviv, Nehama Zuckerman-Levin, Naim Shehadeh, Liav Givon, Ameer Elemy, Miriam Marji, Vardit GepsteinIndia: Praveen V.P., Aswin P, Nithiya Abraham, Rajesh Khadgawat, Yashdeep Gupta, Vaman Khadilkar, Anuradha Khadilkar, Sagar LadJapan: Reiko Horikawa, Yasuhiro Naiki, Yasuko Ogiwara, Yuta Chiba, Yusuke Fujisawa, Yumiko Terada, Tomoko Yoshida, Kenichi Kinjo, Atsushi Tsukamura, Shinobu Ida, Yuri Etani, Yasuko Shoji, Masanobu Kawai, Hisakazu Nakajima, Jun Mori, Shota Fukuhara, Keiichi Shigehara, Hidechika Morimoto, Yusuke Tsuma, Yasuhiro Kawabe, Takeshi Ota, Kenichi Kashimada, Ryuichi Nakagawa, Atsumi Tsuji, Risa Nomura, Kei Takasawa, Takeru Yamauchi, Kanako Ishii, Naoko Toda, Kazuhiro Ohkubo, Tohru Yorifuji, Yuki Hosokawa, Rie Kawakita, Yukiko Hashimoto, Azumi Sakakibara, Shinji Higuchi, Shun Soneda, Kenichiro Ogushi, Shuichi Yatsuga, Yasutoshi Koga, Takako Matsumoto, Miyuki KitamuraSweden: Lars S\u00e4vendahl, Ricard Nerg\u00e5rdhSlovenia: Tadej Battelino, Mojca Zerjav TansekTurkey: Serap Turan, Abdullah Bereket, Zeynep Atay, Azad Akbarzade, T\u00fclay G\u00fcranUkraine: Olena Bolshova, Mykola Tronko, Olga Vyshnevskaya, Natalia Sprynchuk, Iryna Lukashuk, Natalia Muz, Tatyana Marchenko, Nataliya Chorna, Mar\u0456ana Konovalova, Liliya ZelinskaUSA: Lawrence Silverman, Barbara Cerame, Sunita Cheruvu, Daisy Chin, Laurie Ebner-Lyon, Marie Fox, Marianna Nicolette-Gentile, Kristin Sabanosh, Harold Starkman, Ian Marshall, Mariam Gangat, Sadana Balachandar, Philippe Backeljauw, Andrew Dauber, Leah Tyzinski, Paul H. Saenger, Luis Zamora Siliezar, Jacqueline P. Velasco, Judith L. Ross, Martha Bardsley, Karen Kowal, Gad B. Kletter, Britney G. Frazier, Kathryn Garrison\u201d10.1210/clinem/dgz310doi:"}
+{"text": "Correction to: Mol Cancer 19, 57 (2020)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-020-01175-9Following the publication of the original article , authorsAuthors\u2019 contributionsConceptualization, AAB, SYN, MH and SU; writing\u2014original draft preparation, AAB, SN, IA, RM, SKS, LZ, IE, SK, KSP, AQ, SK and SU; writing\u2014review and editing, AAB, SN, MH, MK, WER, HZ, MAZ\u00a0and SU; Revision of manuscript, AAB, SSR, SN, IA, RM, SKS, LZ, IE, SK, KSP, AQ,\u00a0SK, SKY and SU; supervision, AAB, SU, MH, SN, MK, WER and SU. AAB, SSR and LZ \u2014Preparation of Illustrations. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript."}
+{"text": "Hospital-acquired infections, particularly in the critical care setting, have become increasingly common during the last decade, with Gram-negative bacterial infections presenting the highest incidence among them. Multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality with significant direct and indirect costs resulting from long hospitalization due to antibiotic failure. Time is critical to identifying bacteria and their resistance to antibiotics due to the critical health status of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). As common antibiotic resistance tests require more than 24 h after the sample is collected to determine sensitivity in specific antibiotics, we suggest applying machine learning (ML) techniques to assist the clinician in determining whether bacteria are resistant to individual antimicrobials by knowing only a sample\u2019s Gram stain, site of infection, and patient demographics. In our single center study, we compared the performance of eight machine learning algorithms to assess antibiotic susceptibility predictions. The demographic characteristics of the patients are considered for this study, as well as data from cultures and susceptibility testing. Applying machine learning algorithms to patient antimicrobial susceptibility data, readily available, solely from the Microbiology Laboratory without any of the patient\u2019s clinical data, even in resource-limited hospital settings, can provide informative antibiotic susceptibility predictions to aid clinicians in selecting appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy. These strategies, when used as a decision support tool, have the potential to improve empiric therapy selection and reduce the antimicrobial resistance burden. The rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant infections during the last decade constitutes a worldwide problem with increasing health and economic costs . As statData from the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) suggest that in 2015, Greece was among the countries with the greatest burden of infections due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and European Economic Area (EEA) , with caPseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates between the intensive care unit (ICU) and other facilities in two consecutive years (2017 and 2018), in one of the largest public tertiary hospitals in Greece, to implement more effective strategies for the reduction of multidrug resistance. By using the same antimicrobial susceptibility dataset from the Microbiology Laboratory, we proposed a methodology .K. pneumoniae was measured based on the following antibiotics: amikacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefepime, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, colistin, ertapenem, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, tetracycline, tobramycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and tigecycline. The highest resistance rate was reported to older beta lactams/beta lactamase inhibitors (amp/sulb 85.98%), fluoroquinolones (up to 83.04%), carbapenems (up to 81.44%) and third generation cephalosporins (up to 81.61%) [The resistance for  81.61%) . Achromobacter xylosoxidans was measured based on the following antibiotics: amikacin, aztreonam, ceftazidime, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, minocycline, piperacillin/tazobactam, tobramycin, levofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The resistance for Enterobacter aerogenes was measured based on the following antibiotics: amikacin, amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefepime, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, colistin, ertapenem, gentamicin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, moxifloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, tetracycline, tobramycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The resistance for Enterobacter cloacae was measured based on the following antibiotics: amikacin, amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, colistin, ertapenem, gentamicin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, moxifloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, tetracycline, tobramycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.The resistance for E. coli was measured based on the following antibiotics: amikacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, colistin, ertapenem, gentamicin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, moxifloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, tetracycline, tobramycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The resistance for Proteus mirabilis was measured based on the following antibiotics: amikacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, ertapenem, gentamicin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, moxifloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, tobramycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The resistance for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was measured based on the following antibiotics: ceftazidime, levofloxacin, minocycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.The resistance for Enterococcus faecalis was measured based on the following antibiotics: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, daptomycin, gentamicin500, levofloxacin, linezolid, pristinamycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, rifampin, streptomycin 1000, teicoplanin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. The resistance for Enterococcus faecium was measured based on the following antibiotics: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, daptomycin, gentamicin 500, levofloxacin, linezolid, pristinamycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, rifampin, streptomycin 1000, teicoplanin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. The resistance for S. aureus was measured based on the following antibiotics: ceftaroline, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, daptomycin, erythromycin, fusidic acid, gentamicin, levofloxacin, linezolid, oxacillin, penicillin, pristinamycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, rifampin, teicoplanin, tetracycline, tobramycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and vancomycin. Methicillin-resistance (MRSA) was found in 21.12% of the total S. aureus isolates.The resistance for Our research focuses only on the antibiotics mentioned above since there is an adequate number of samples for these for deducing reliable conclusions for the models that were examined. The incidence of multidrug (MDR) or extensively drug resistant (XDR) bacteria was not examined in the present study. In the present study, bacteria were assigned as sensitive or resistant against each antibiotic tested. As mentioned in In this paper, we evaluated a collection of very popular learning classifiers on an ICU antimicrobial susceptibility dataset. The best results achieve an F-measure of 0.678 with the RIPPER algorithm and an ROC area of 0.726, with the Multilayer perceptron classifier. The experimental results demonstrate that, especially, the Multilayer perceptron and J48 (C4.5) algorithms are suitable models for ICU antimicrobial susceptibility data sets with the evaluation of ROC Area results. The decision to use one of these techniques as an assistant depends mainly on whether the ICU places a premium on the accuracy or explainability, though there do exist approaches that attempt to bridge these preferences. Given the fact that the algorithms presented contain only a few variables, retrieved solely from the Microbiology Department without adjuvant clinical data, the best performances achieved were not high enough to characterize our techniques widely applicable. Despite limitations of the study, our primary goal was to take advantage of these data using ML techniques and possibly create an inexpensive ancillary tool to aid the clinician in identifying patients carrying antibiotic-resistant bacteria and guide proper therapy with greater confidence in situations where there is significant uncertainty and a crucial decision needs to be taken.In future work, we will focus on enriching our datasets with clinical attributes as well as investigating the configurations, which would improve the algorithms\u2019 performances."}
+{"text": "The data obtained in rock slabs, fragments, anhydrous nuclei, flaked and ground stone from Sonora, Mexico, were used to select certain analysed elements  that help to formulate geochemical variation diagrams to identify chemical trends and correlations between the samples. It proves to be an excellent analytical method for the provenance studies of archaeological artifacts. Subsequently, the integration of the obtained data here and their arrangement with the existing chemical analysis of obsidians for different localities of NW Mexico and the SW of the United States will allow for better knowledge of the primary sources of obsidian in the extraction and manufacture of archaeological artifacts Geological primary obsidian sources localities comprise Vidrios Viejos and La Sierra Batamote at El Pinacate Region, Cerro Izabal at Hermosillo, Arroyo El Cajete and Arroyo El Galindro at Sierra Libre, and Arroyo San Jos\u00e9 de Robinson of the Ejido Francisco Villa at Sierra El Aguaje. The characteristics of these obsidian geological deposits and other new localities are described in The analysed samples come from 13 archaeological sites: 22.1The initial stage in the obsidian analysis consisted of the petrological study of about 500 obsidian samples, both archaeological and geological, describing the physical parameters and appearance, the colour, the texture and the mineralogy to get the 133 obsidian specimens analysed 2.2Niton Thermo Scientific, XL3t 500, include: Mo, Zr, Sr, U, Rb, Th, Pb, Se, As, Hg, Au, Al, W, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Sb, Sn, Cd, Ag, Nb, Y, Bi, Cr, V, Ti, Pd, Sc, Ca, K, S, Ba, Cs y Te. The raw data of X-Ray analyses are presented in the supplementary material at Mendeley Data [https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/24kkg2hctg/5].At the end of the experimental stage of the chemical detection of archaeological and geological obsidian samples, it was possible to establish an analysis protocol that was supported by the reliability values of the reference materials obtained by the portable analyser X-Ray Fluorescence XL3t . The anaSubsequently, data processing was performed in Excel, which consisted of evaluating values obtained and its relationship whit the analytical error for each element concerning the reference standard. Elements with a low detection limit and those with high errors were discarded. The study obtained reliable detection values for Zr, Sr, Rb, Th, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Nb and Y . Based oDoes not apply to this data.Jes\u00fas Roberto Vidal-Solano: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Supervision. Alejandra Marisela G\u00f3mez-Valencia: Validation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. Adriana Hinojo-Hinojo: Validation, Formal analysis, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization. Rufino Lozano-Santa Cruz: Validation, Investigation, Resources, Writing - review & editing.The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships which have, or could be perceived to have, influenced the work reported in this article."}
+{"text": "J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105(12);1\u201313. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa551), the following typographical error occurred in the published paper:In the above-named article by Koscinski I, Mark M, Messaddeq N, Braun J, Celebi C, Muller J, Zinetti-Bertschy A, Goetz N, Dollfus H, and Rossignol S (The order of the first and second name of each author was reversed. The author names should be listed as follows:Isabelle Koscinski, Manuel Mark, Nadia Messaddeq, Jean Jacques Braun, Catherine Celebi, Jean Muller, Anna Zinetti-Bertschy, Nathalie Goetz, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Dollfus, and Sylvie Rossignol.The names have been corrected in the publication online.10.1210/clinem/dgaa551doi:"}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Cancer 21, 158 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-07825-5Following publication of the original article , the autThe corrected affiliation is: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, No.1 Healthy Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014 ChinaThe original article  has been"}
+{"text": "MYC or other oncogenes, or throughout oncogenic rearrangements, such as the BRD4-NUMT1 translocation, which drive NUT\u2013midline carcinoma (NMC), an extremely aggressive undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma  family of readers, which includes BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT, recognize acetylated lysine on histones\u2014a mark associated with active transcription at promotors, enhancers, and super-enhancers\u2014and recruit transcription factors . BET proarcinoma .MYC\u2013driven diseases and clinical activity in NMC  has generated great enthusiasm, with the perspective of \u201cdrugging the undruggable,\u201d Following very encouraging initial preclinical activity in y in NMC ,6, multiHere, Piha-Paul et al. report the results of the phase I dose-escalation study of molibresib (GSK525762) in 65 patients with NMC and other solid tumors . Once-daBRD3-NUTM1 fusion; the limited size of the series precluded from correlating fusion gene status with treatment duration. BETi antitumor activity has been observed in NMC patients with both BRD4-NUT and the less common non\u2013BRD4-NUT fusions, such as BRD3-NUT and NSD3-NUT fusions. For example, responses to birabresib were mostly observed in patients with BRD4-NUT fusions . In this context, targeted drug delivery strategies  might allow an increase of the therapeutic window. Heterobifunctional small molecule BET protein degraders, such as the proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) ARV-771, ARV-825, BETd-260/ZBC260, dBET6, or QCA570 , or to reverse or delay acquired resistance  (reviewed in Affiliations of authors: DITEP (D\u00e9partement d\u2019Innovations Th\u00e9rapeutiques et Essais Pr\u00e9coces), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France ; Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9dicine, Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre, France (SP-Y); ATIP-Avenir group, Inserm Unit U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France (SP-Y).SPV INSERM laboratory is funded by the INSERM ATIP-Avenir grant and Integrated Cancer Research Site (SIRIC) SOCRATE-2 INCa-DGOS-INSERM_12551.Conflict of interest statement: As part of the Drug Development Department (DITEP), PMR, CB, and SPV are principal investigator or sub investigator of clinical trials from Abbvie, Agios Pharmaceuticals, Amgen, Argen-X Bvba, Arno Therapeutics, Astex Pharmaceuticals, Astra Zeneca, Aveo, Bayer Healthcare Ag, Bbb Technologies Bv, Blueprint Medicines, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Clovis Oncology, Daiichi Sankyo, Debiopharm S.A., Eisai, Eli Lilly, Exelixis, Forma, Gamamabs, Genentech, Inc., Glaxosmithkline, H3 Biomedicine, Inc., Hoffmann La Roche Ag, Innate Pharma, Iris Servier, Janssen Cilag, Kyowa Kirin Pharm. Dev., Inc., Loxo Oncology, Lytix Biopharma As, Medimmune, Menarini Ricerche, Merck Sharp & Dohme Chibret, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Merus, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Nanobiotix, Nektar Therapeutics, Novartis Pharma, Octimet Oncology Nv, Oncoethix, Onyx Therapeutics, Orion Pharma, Oryzon Genomics, Pfizer, Pharma Mar, Pierre Fabre, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Taiho Pharma, Tesaro Inc, and Xencor. SPV has participated in advisory boards for Merck KGaA; has benefited from reimbursement for attending symposia from AstraZeneca; and has received laboratory research funding from Fondation Roche France, Boehringher Ingelheim, and Merck KGaA. CB received personal fees from BMS, Sanofi, Abbvie, and Astra Zeneca."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-020-70881-7, published online 19 November 2020Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Christophe Clesse, Jonathan Cottenet, Joelle Lighezzolo-Alnot, Karine Goueslard, Michele Scheffler, Paul Sagot and Catherine Quantin, which were incorrectly given as Clesse Christophe, Cottenet Jonathan, Lighezzolo-Alnot Joelle, Goueslard Karine, Scheffler Michele, Sagot Paul and Quantin Catherine.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "There is an error in affiliation 1 for authors Ikuko Takahara, Yuko Akazawa, Maiko Tabuchi, Hisamitsu Miyaaki, Youko Kido, Yasuko Kanda, Naota Taura, Ken Ohnita, Fuminao Takeshima, and Kazuhiko Nakao. The correct affiliation 1 is: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-020-78366-3, Published online 16 December 2020Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Osnat Cohen-Zontag, Rotem Gershon, Orit Harari-Steinberg, Itamar Kanter, Dorit Omer, Oren Pleniceanu, Gal Tam, Sarit Oriel, Herzl Ben-Hur, Guy Katz, Zohar Dotan, Tomer Kalisky, Benjamin Dekel, and Naomi Pode-Shakked, which were incorrectly given as Cohen-Zontag Osnat, Gershon Rotem, Harari-Steinberg Orit, Kanter Itamar, Omer Dorit, Pleniceanu Oren, Tam Gal, Oriel Sarit, Ben Hur Herzel, Katz Guy, Zohar Dotan, Kalisky Tomer, Dekel Benjamin, and Pode-Shakked Naomi.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Information file."}
+{"text": "A list of 40 species is presented of the rodents and insectivores collected during a 15-year period from the Republic of Mordovia. The dataset contains more than 24,000 records of rodent and insectivore species from 23 districts, including Saransk. A major part of the data set was obtained during expedition research and at the biological station. The work is based on the materials of our surveys of rodents and insectivorous mammals conducted in Mordovia using both trap lines and pitfall arrays using traditional methods. Over this period, not only has the species composition of the region changed but also the status of many species.There is a need to review the species composition of rodents and insectivores in all regions of Russia, and the work by The Mordovian fauna is heterogeneous and consists of four different ecological and faunal complexes of species\u2013taiga, coniferous and broad-leaved forests, and steppe\u2013which are widely distributed in several natural areas .Here, we publish a checklist of rodent and insectivore records across the Republic of Mordovia. This checklist was based on comprehensive surveys of small mammals carried out from 2006 to 2020.Insectivores are represented in Mordovia by 12 species belonging to three families.Erinaceidae Fischer, 1814Family Northern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus roumanicus Barrett-Hamilton, 1900West European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus Linnaeus, 1758Talpidae Fischer, 1814Family European mole, Talpa europaea Linnaeus, 1758Russian desman, Desmana moschata Soricidae Fischer, 1814Family Eurasian common shrew, Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758Laxmann\u2019s shrew, Sorex caecutiens Laxmann, 1788Least shrew, Sorex minutissimus Zimmermann, 1780Taiga shrew, Sorex isodon Turov, 1924Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus Linnaeus, 1766Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens Southern water shrew, Neomys anomalus Cabrera, 1907Lesser white-toothed shrew, Crocidura suaveolens Rodents are represented by 29 species belonging to eight families.Sciuridae Fischer, 1817Family Red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758Spotted suslik, Spermophilus suslicus G\u00fcldenstaedt, 1770Bobak marmot, Marmota bobak Castoridae Hemprich, 1820Family Eurasian beaver, Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758Gliridae Thomas, 1897Family Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula Garden dormouse, Eliomys quercinus Fat dormouse, Glis glis Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius Sminthidae Brandt, 1855Family Northern birch mouse, Sicista betulina Allactagidae Vinogradov, 1925Family Great jerboa, Allactaga major Spalacidae Gray, 1821Family Greater mole rat, Spalax microphthalmus G\u00fcldenstaedt, 1770Family Cricetidae Fischer, 1817Bank vole, Myodes glareolus Northern red-backed vole, Myodes rutilus European water vole, Arvicola amphibius Root vole, Microtus oeconomus Gray dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius Common hamster, Cricetus cricetus Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus Steppe lemming, Lagurus lagurus Pallas, 1773Common vole, Microtus arvalis East European vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis Ognev, 1924Field vole, Microtus agrestis European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus Muridae Illiger, 1811Family Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius Pygmy wood mouse, Apodemus uralensis Yellow-necked wood mouse, Apodemus flavicollis Harvest mouse, Micromys minutus House mouse, Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus Microtusarvalis and M.rossiaemeridionalis, have not been conducted in the region. Approaches and criteria for differentiation of two similar species, Erinaceusroumanicus and E.europaeus, have been applied for a number of specific morphological and craniometric characteristics , the length of the premaxillary-nasal suture does not exceed 9.0 mm (in E.europaeus >9.0 mm), and the maximum length of the nasal bones in their back part is greater than or equal to 3.0 mm (E.europaeus <3.0 mm)  reported from the Republic of Mordovia were not detected during our surveys. However, these species were captured by our colleagues, either long ago or even in the last year, and most of them  were recorded in the Mordovian state nature reserve, Temnikovsky district  . The coldistrict . MicrotuMordovia . This reMordovia . In addiow known .M.bobak, Sp.suslicus, Al.major, Sp.microphthalmus, Cr.migratorius, Cr.cricetus, L.lagurus, and M.minutus) occur only in steppe habitats. Only in the steppe areas of Mordovia are there concentrated populations of S.microphthalmus ; Penza region - Spermophilusmajor Pallas, 1778, Sicistastrandi  , Tamiassibiricus , Pteromysvolans , Myodesrufocanus  , Pteromysvolans  (Red Book 2010); and Ryazan region - Rattusrattus , Pteromysvolans  (Red Book 2011). Thus, seven species of rodents and insectivores present in adjacent regions are absent from the fauna of Mordovia.The rodent and insectivore fauna of Mordovia is in general large, as it includes both steppe and taiga species. The largest rodent of Mordovia is r bodies . The rodv, 1931) ; Nizhny l, 1846) ; ChuvashThe dataset contains more than 24,000 registrations of rodent and insectivore species from the districts of the Republic of Mordovia, including Saransk Table .Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: Eulipotyphla, RodentiaFamily: Erinaceidae, Talpidae, Soricidae, Sciuridae, Castoridae, Gliridae, Sminthidae, Allactagidae, Spalacidae, Cricetidae, MuridaeGenus: Talpa, Desmana, Sorex, Neomys, Crocidura, Sciurus, Spermophilus, Marmota, Castor, Dryomys, Eliomys, Glis, Muscardinus, Sicista, Allactaga, Spalax, Myodes, Arvicola, Microtus, Cricetulus, Cricetus, Ondatra, Lagurus, Microtus, Apodemus, Micromys, Mus, RattusSpecies: Erinaceusroumanicus, Erinaceuseuropaeus, Talpaeuropaea, Desmanamoschata, Sorexaraneus, Sorexcaecutiens, Sorexminutissimus, Sorexisodon, Sorexminutus, Neomysfodiens, Neomysanomalus, Crocidurasuaveolens, Sciurusvulgaris, Spermophilussuslicus, Marmotabobak, Castorfiber, Dryomysnitedula, Eliomysquercinus, Glisglis, Muscardinusavellanarius, Sicistabetulina, Allactagamajor, Spalaxmicrophthalmus, Myodesglareolus, Myodesrutilus, Arvicolaamphibius, Microtusoeconomus, Cricetulusmigratorius, Cricetuscricetus, Ondatrazibethicus, Laguruslagurus, Microtusarvalis, Microtusrossiaemeridionalis, Microtusagrestis, Microtussubterraneus, Apodemusagrarius, Apodemusuralensis, Apodemusflavicollis, Micromysminutus, Musmusculus, RattusnorvegicusThe dataset covers the entire Republic of Mordovia within 53\u00b038'N to 55\u00b011'N and 42\u00b011'E to 46\u00b045'E.The data were collected from 2006 to 2020.Erinaceusroumanicus, Erinaceuseuropaeus, Talpaeuropaea, Desmanamoschata, Sciurusvulgaris, Spermophilussuslicus, Marmotabobak, Castorfiber, Allactagamajor, Spalaxmicrophthalmus, Cricetuscricetus, and Ondatrazibethicus were obtained via direct observations, recording and/or detection of the traces of their activities . Latin names of species are given according to the classical nomenclature  left over night in lines of from 50 to 100 traps with a distance of 5 m between them and baited with bread and sunflower oil. We also used live traps baited with salami and apple to catch dormice. Voucher specimens are stored in the personal collection A. Andreychev, Saransk (teriomordovia@bk.ru). Data on nclature ."}
+{"text": "VOLUME 107107(3) July, pages 439\u201340http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2019.545.Read KB, Koos J, Miller RS, Miller CF, Phillips GA, Scheinfeld L, Surkis A. A model for initiating research data management services at academic libraries. J Med Libr Assoc. 2019 Jul;107(3):432\u201341. DOI: Pages 439\u201340: Acknowledgments of pilot program participants Deborah Chiarella, Pamela M. Rose, Aletia Morgan, and Gretchen Sneff are missing. The \u201cAcknowledgments\u201d should be:This program was supported by the National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), under cooperative agreement number UG4LM012342 with the University of Pittsburgh, Health Sciences Library System, and NIH R25LM012283. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. We acknowledge pilot participants of this program, specifically those from University at Buffalo: Nell Aronoff, Donna R. Berryman, AHIP, Deborah Chiarella, Amy Gische Lyons, AHIP, FMLA, Pamela M. Rose, Michelle L. Zafron, Elizabeth Stellrecht, and Linda Lohr; University of Delaware: Sarah E. Katz, Tom Melvin, Natalia Lopez, Sandra Millard, and Aletia Morgan; Drexel University: Abby L. Adamczyk, AHIP, Elizabeth Ten Have, Kathleen Turner, Janice Masud-Paul, and Deborah Morley; and Temple University: Jenny Pierce, Natalie Tagge, Gretchen Sneff, and Nancy Turner. The authors also thank Richard McGowan for discussion and comment on the manuscript."}
+{"text": "On request received from the corresponding author, the following article is retracted because the authors noted problems in the statistical analysis of the data, so the conclusions drawn in this study cannot be sustained:Shi, Lixin, Zhang, Lei, Wang, Chunyang, Sun, Shengkun, Cao, Xiyuan, & Zhang, Xu. (2017). Expression of serum microRNA-378 and its clinical significance in renal cell carcinoma. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 40(2), 525-529.10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0121Prof. Dr. Carlos Frederico Martins MenckEditor in chief"}
+{"text": "In the article titled \u201cAlcoholic and Nonalcoholic Liver Disease: Diagnostic Assessment and Therapeutic Perspectives\u201d , the affCIBER-EHD, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainHepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, IIS La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Polit\u00e9cnico La Fe, Valencia, SpainFaculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain"}
+{"text": "Nature 10.1038/s41586-023-06480-z Published online 13 September 2023Correction to: In the version of the article initially published, the author list for The Ki Child Growth Consortium was incorrect. Rina Das, Subhasish Das and Najeeb Rahman have been added to The Ki Child Growth Consortium author list, while Souheila Abbeddou, Linda S. Adair, Hasmot Ali, Per Ashorn, Rajiv Bahl, Mauricio L. Barreto, Maharaj Kishan Bhan, Nita Bhandari, Santosh K. Bhargava, Delia Carba, Ines Gonzales Casanova, Kathryn G. Dewey, Caroline H. D. Fall, Sonja Y. Hess, Jean H. Humphrey, Elizabeth Yakes Jimenez, Michael S. Kramer, Alain Labrique, Nanette R. Lee, Mustafa Mahfuz, Kenneth Maleta, Reynaldo Martorell, Sarmila Mazumder, Ishita Mostafa, Robert Ntozini, Harshpal Singh Sachdev, Saijuddin Shaikh, Alberto Melo Soares, Aryeh D. Stein, Keith P. West Jr, Lee Shu Fune Wu and Seungmi Yang have been removed. This has been updated in the PDF and HTML versions of the article."}
+{"text": "Proc. R. Soc. B290, 20222500. (Published online 15 February 2023). (https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.2500)Palaeoneurorthus Wichard, 2009 [After publication of the article , it was Girafficervix, nomen novumPalaeoneurorthus Du, Niu & Baoin substitution for Type species: Girafficervix baii Du, Niu & Bao, typification by monotypy.Diagnosis: as species.Gender: feminine.Etymology: the name is compounded from the genus name Giraffa, meaning giraffe, and cervix, Latin meaning neck, in reference to the specimen's long neck.Girafficervix baii, nomen novum, holotype YLNHM01098, paratype NIGP201165 in substitution for Palaeoneurorthus baii Du, Niu & BaoRefer to Du, Niu & Bao (2023)  for deta"}
+{"text": "Nature Medicine 10.1038/s41591-023-02317-4. Published online 24 April 2023.Correction to: In the version of this article initially published, the STRATIFY data also included cohort data from the ESTRA consortium, though this was not acknowledged in the author list and the section in Methods on the Stratify dataset. The Methods are now updated, and the author list is amended to combine the STRATIFY and ESTRA consortium names and to include the following authors: Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Herv\u00e9 Lema\u00eetre, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris and Sylvane Desrivi\u00e8res. The STRATIFY and ESTRA consortia are now combined to list Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L. W. Bokde, Herv\u00e9 Lema\u00eetre, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Sylvane Desrivi\u00e8res and Gunter Schumann as members, and the IMAGEN consortium is updated to also include Sylvane Desrivi\u00e8res. Affiliations, author contributions and acknowledgements have been updated to reflect the new authorship, and all changes have been made in the HTML and PDF versions of the article."}
+{"text": "Correction: Eating and Weight Disorders\u2014Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity (2022) 27:3695\u20133711https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-022-01512-5In this article Rebecca C. Reynolds was missing from the author list. The complete correct author group is given below.Lorenzo M. Donini, Juan Ram\u00f3n Barrada, Friederike Barthels, Thomas M. Dunn, Camille Babeau, Anna Brytek-Matera, Hellas Cena, Silvia Cerolini, Hye-hyun Cho, Maria Coimbra, Massimo Cuzzolaro, Claudia Ferreira, Valeria Galfano, Maria G. Grammatikopoulou, Souheil Hallit, Linn H\u00e5man, Phillipa Hay, Masahito Jimbo, Clotilde Lasson, Eva-Carin Lindgren, Renee McGregor, Marianna Minnetti, Edoardo Mocini, Sahar Obeid, Crystal D. Oberle, Maria-Dolores Onieva-Zafra, Marie-Christine Opitz, Mar\u00eda-Laura Parra-Fern\u00e1ndez, Reinhard Pietrowsky, Natalija Plasonja, Eleonora Poggiogalle, Adrien Rig\u00f3, Rachel F. Rodgers, Maria Roncero, Carmina Salda\u00f1a, Cristina Segura-Garcia, Jessica Setnick, Ji-Yeon Shin, Grazia Spitoni, Jana Strahler, Nanette Stroebele-Benschop, Patrizia Todisco, Mariacarolina Vacca, Martina Valente, M\u00e0rta Varga, Andrea Zagaria, Hana Flynn Zickgraf, Rebecca C. Reynolds & Caterina Lombardo.The original article  has been"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-33127-w, published online 20 April 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the names of authors Davide Esposito, Jenifer Miehlbradt, Alessia Tonelli, Alberto Mazzoni, and Monica Gori, which were incorrectly given as Esposito Davide, Miehlbradt Jenifer, Tonelli Alessia, Mazzoni Alberto and Gori Monica.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The corrected section appears below:In the published article, there was an error in the 1, 2\u2020, Jin Wei3, 4\u2020, Ning Wang3, 4\u2020, Yisheng Chen5\u2020, Cheng Fang6, Minwen Zhou3, 4, Xinrong Zhou3, 4*, Jianfeng Luo6, 7, 8*, Xiaodong Wang9*, Qing Peng1*Yifan Zhoucitation section. The citation was incorrectly written as: Zhou Y, Wei J, Wang N, Chen Y, Fang C, Zhou M, Zhou X, Peng Q, Wang X and Luo J (2023) The prevalence, incidence, and persistence of self-reported visual impairment among Chinese population with diabetes mellitus: evaluation from a nationally representative survey, 2015\u20132018. Front. Public Health. 11:978457. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.978457.In the published article, there was an error in the The corrected section appears below:Front. Public Health. 11:978457. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.978457.Zhou Y, Wei J, Wang N, Chen Y, Fang C, Zhou M, Zhou X, Luo J, Wang X and Peng Q (2023) The prevalence, incidence, and persistence of self-reported visual impairment among Chinese population with diabetes mellitus: evaluation from a nationally representative survey, 2015\u20132018. copyright section. The copyright section was incorrectly written as: \u00a9 2023 Zhou, Wei, Wang, Chen, Fang, Zhou, Zhou, Peng, Wang and Luo.In the published article, there was an error in the The corrected section appears below:\u00a9 2023 Zhou, Wei, Wang, Chen, Fang, Zhou, Zhou, Luo, Wang, PengThe authors apologize for these errors and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "The Oncologist, Volume 26, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages e1862\u2013e1869, https://doi.org/10.1002/onco.13879This is a correction notice for: Anna Ozaki, Takaomi Kessoku, Yuki Kasai, Yuma Takeda, Naoki Okubo, Michihiro Iwaki, Takashi Kobayashi, Tsutomu Yoshihara, Yasushi Honda, Akiko Fuyuki, Takuma Higurashi, Hiroto Ishiki, Masataka Taguri, Shunsuke Oyamada, Noritoshi Kobayashi, Atsushi Nakajima, Yasushi Ichikawa, Elobixibat Effectively Relieves Chronic Constipation in Patients with Cancer Regardless of the Amount of Food Intake, In the originally published version of this article, the Disclosures section was incorrect and should have read as follows:This study was conducted without company funding; however, three co-authors have financial relationships to disclose. Takaomi Kessoku received lecture honoraria and research funding from EA Pharma Co. Ltd. and Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Hiroto Ishiki received lecture honoraria from EA Pharma Co. Ltd., and Atsushi Nakajima received scholarship fee, lecture honoraria, and research funding from EA Pharma Co. Ltd. and Mochida Pharmaceutical Co.These details have been amended only in this correction notice to preserve the published version of record."}
+{"text": "Communications Medicine 10.1038/s43856-022-00163-y, published online 29 August 2022.Correction to: An author, Luciana Madeira da Silva (LMdS), had inadvertently been omitted from the author list of this article. This author has now been added and the author list is as follows: \u2018Rodney P. Rocconi, Laura Stanbery, Min Tang, Luciana Madeira da Silva, Adam Walter, Bradley J. Monk, Thomas J. Herzog, Robert L. Coleman, Luisa Manning, Gladice Wallraven, Staci Horvath, Ernest Bognar, Neil Senzer, Scott Brun, John Nemunaitis\u2019.LMdS is affiliated with the Mitchell Cancer Institute, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, USA.The Author Contributions section has been updated to include LMdS and is now as follows: \u2018RPR was responsible for conceptualization, methodology, investigation, resources, writing \u2013 review and editing. LS and MT were responsible for conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, writing \u2013 original draft, review and editing. LMdS was responsible for methodology, data generation, investigation, writing \u2013 editing. AW was responsible for methodology, supervision, and writing \u2013 review and editing. BJM, TJH, RLC, NS and SB were responsible for supervision and writing \u2013 review and editing. LM, GW, SH and EB contributed to investigation, resources and writing \u2013 review and editing. JN was responsible for conceptualization, investigation, formal analysis and writing \u2013 original draft, review and editing.\u2019These changes have been made in the HTML and PDF versions of the article."}
+{"text": "BRCA) 1 and 2 genes has been widely demonstrated in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC)  represent one of the most common causes of mortality in women . The mai (HGSOC) , and a c (HGSOC) .In this Special Topic of Frontiers in Oncology, we would like to discuss the methods, findings and prospects of evidence from molecular pathology that will help in the early diagnosis, treatment decision-making, and drug resistance prediction in gynecological malignancies.Jiang et\u00a0al, Tang and Hu) In particular, Jiang et\u00a0al reported that almost all analyzed patients (94.57%) harbored at least one mutation within TP53, PIK3CA, PTEN, KRAS, BRCA1, BRCA2, ARID1A, KMT2C, FGFR2, and FGFR3 genes. Interestingly, patients with ovarian cancer showed a high rate of BRCA1/2 mutations. Of note, patients harboring TP53, PIK3CA, PTEN, and FGFR3 mutations showed a high tumor mutational burden.Overall, the role of molecular pathology in the management of advanced stage gynecological malignancies has rapidly evolved during the last years. In particular, a number of different genomic alterations have been reported, and may be potential target for personalized therapies  From a prognostic point of view, it has been highlighted the role of RPL24 as a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of cervical cancer patients and assess chemotherapy efficacy.Molecular pathology may play a crucial role in the diagnostic process, in particular in those morphological trouble cases. In the experience by Wang et\u00a0al.; Kong et\u00a0al.)Finally, an emerging tool for molecular purposes is represented by extracellular vesicles, that have demonstrated their utility as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target. (Overall, this Research Topic has highlighted the recent evidences from molecular pathology that will help in the early diagnosis, treatment decision-making and drug resistance prediction in gynecological malignancies.Ongoing research is warranted to improve the clinical outcome of these patients.UM: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing \u2013 original draft, Writing \u2013 review & editing. SU: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing \u2013 original draft, Writing \u2013 review & editing. SC: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing \u2013 original draft, Writing \u2013 review & editing. CA: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing \u2013 original draft, Writing \u2013 review & editing. PG: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing \u2013 original draft, Writing \u2013 review & editing."}
+{"text": "Article title: Pneumococcal surface adhesion A protein (PsaA) interacts with human Annexin A2 on airway epithelial cellsAuthors: Yoonsung Hu, Nogi Park, Keun Seok Seo, Joo Youn Park, Radha P. Somarathne, Alicia K. Olivier, Nicholas C. Fitzkee, and Justin A. ThorntonJournal: VirulenceDOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1947176It has been noted by the corresponding author that, two undergraduates significantly contributed to the research by helping to construct knockout strains which were included in the final publication. They were mistakenly left off as authors and as both have continued in professional programs, their inclusion on this published work is important to their future careers. An updated author list has been placed below:a, Nogi Parkb, Keun Seok Seob, Joo Youn Parkb, Radha P. Somarathnec, Natalene Vonkchaleea,Yoonsung Hua, Alicia K. Olivierd, Nicholas C. Fitzkeec, and Justin A. ThorntonaKatelyn JacksonaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, USA; bDepartment of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, USA; cDepartment of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, USA; dDepartment of Population and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS, USA"}
+{"text": "Ecology and Evolution, 13, e10593. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10593Geng, X., Zuo,J., Meng, Y., Zhuge, Y., Zhu, P., Wu, N., Bai, X., Ni, G., & Hou, Y. (2023). Changes in nitrogen and phosphorus availability driven by secondary succession in temperate forests shape soil fungal communities and function. The current affiliation mentioned for authors Yunhao Meng, Yanhui Zhuge, Ping Zhu, Xinfu Bai as \u201cSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China\u201d is wrong.The correct affiliation should be \u201cCollege of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China\u201d.We apologize for this error."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article , 2 becauAA, ZA, AR, HMA, MHS, MZMS, and CH did not agree with the retraction. MN, SH, TJ, SA, RS, SA, TS, and MAJ either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "In the author list, an author\u2019s name was spelled incorrectly. The correct name is: JP Armstrong.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001380The correct citation is: Brennan DJ, Armstrong J, Kesler M, Bekele T, Lachowsky NJ, Grace D, et al. (2023) Willingness and eligibility to donate blood under 12-month and 3-month deferral policies among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Ontario, Canada. PLOS Glob Public Health 3(1): e0001380. Additionally, there are errors with this author\u2019s contributions. JP Armstrong\u2019s full contributions are: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Supervision, Writing\u2013original draft, and Writing\u2013review & editing.The publisher apologizes for the errors."}
+{"text": "CYP6A14 and CYP6N6 Participation in Deltamethrin Metabolic Resistance in Aedes albopictus. AM J Trop Med Hyg 108(3): 609\u2013618. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0524. PMID: 36746656; PMCID: 9978559.Peng H, Wang H, Guo X, Lv W, Liu L, Wang H, Cheng P, Liu H, Gong M, 2023. In Vitro and In Vivo Validation of American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, has been retracted by the Journal.The above article, published in the After publication, an expert in the field identified numerous problems with this manuscript, including questions regarding appropriate methodology, inaccuracy of reported results, and, specifically, implausibility regarding the reported identification of deltamethrin metabolites. A second expert concurred with these impressions. Therefore, with serious questions about the methodology used, results presented, and conclusions made, the manuscript has been retracted after publication."}
+{"text": "Each year hundreds of reviewers contribute their expertise to peer review, a process that contributes critically to the quality of the Brain Pathology. The editors at Brain Pathology would like to extend their gratitude to those who have provided their time and energy to review manuscripts for our journal over the last year. We are well aware that our journal can only exist thanks to your concerted efforts to provide concise, accurate, and thoughtful reviews. Below is a list of all of you who completed at least one review, and agreed to have your name published. We also thank those reviewers who choose not to have their names published.Ahrendsen, JaredAlexandrescu, SandaAuer, RolandAyton, ScottBattini, Jean\u2010LucBieniek, KevinBockmayr, MichaelCai, JinquanCarare, RoxanaCullell, NDel Bigio, MarcDudek, EdEnglert, BenjaminEvelson, PabloFalkenburger, Bj\u00f6rnFerrer, IsidreGilani, AhmedGiustetto, MaurizioGlatzel, MarkusGu, YanGuo, JifengGuzman, SamuelHan, LeiHawkins, CynthiaHerms, JochenHighley, RobinHorbinski, CraigIrwin, DavidJoseph, JeffreyJoutel, AnneKovacs, GaborLammens, MartinLangdon, KristopherLeske, HenningLevine, AdrianLi, JianrongLiu, YingMarklund, NiklasMechtler, KarlMeinhardt, JennyMunoz, DavidNasrallah, MacLeanNicolas, GaelNordin, AngelicaPiao, YueshanPittella, Jos\u00e9Popa\u2010Wagner, AurelPriller, JosefPuig, BertaReimann, JensRosi, SusannaRozemuller, AnnemiekeRushing, ElisabethSaleeb, RolaSatomi, KaishiSchulz\u2010Schaeffer, Walter JSepulveda\u2010Falla, DiegoShelkovnikova, Tatyana ASpringer, WolfdieterTan, JieqiongTroakes, ClaireVazquez\u2010Manrique, RafaelVinters, HarryWakabayashi, KoichiWang, YanjiangWang, YuXu, YuqiaoYao, YuZhao, JunliZheng, DanfengZimmermann, Marina"}
+{"text": "There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis.Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism.Excess mortality was 4185 per 100\u2009000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100\u2009000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92\u2009492 million using approach 1 and $73\u2009141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95\u2009004 million using approach 1 and $75\u2009666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality.For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially. The economic burden due to loss of income from deaths and days off sick of not meeting need for appendicitis surgery. This is estimated by considering the losses from not providing care to the \u201clocal standard\u201d or not providing care to the \u201chighest standard\u201d (based on high income country standards). Improving access to care whilst keeping the local standard  of care would overcome most of the economic losses; improving quality to the highest standard has marginal additional benefits. The associated loss of economic productivity has been estimated at $12.3 trillion for the interval 2015\u201320301. In addition to insufficient access to surgery, it has been recognized that outcomes of surgery can be suboptimal for many patients in low- and middle-income countries. This is reflected in the higher rate of perioperative mortality and surgical-site infections experienced by patients undergoing surgery in low- and middle-income countries compared with those in high-income countries3. This high-level evidence has been insufficient to prompt large-scale policy change and substantial investment in surgery. The cost to a given society of not providing adequate surgical care for specific conditions might provide direct evidence that more targeted investment in surgical services could be cost-effective.It has been estimated that, each year, 143 million additional surgical procedures need to be done in low- and middle-income countries to prevent disability and reduce mortality4. Although the magnitude of lack of access to quality surgical care has been estimated, developing a health service to provide such holistic surgical care for all conditions may not currently be attainable. It should, however, be within the reach of many countries to provide services to treat some conditions that are otherwise fatal and require a fairly simple procedure5.Surgery is a treatment for many diverse conditions6. Although it leads to death or disability if not treated, timely surgical treatment results in a rapid return to normal function. It disproportionally affects younger populations, who are generally economically productive. Hence, lack of access to surgical treatment for appendicitis is likely to have substantial economic consequences for individuals and societies.Appendicitis is a common condition, with an incidence of around 17\u2009700\u2009000 in 20197, unlike planned procedures that can be referred to a tertiary centre. Appendicitis can vary in severity from self-limiting infection to life-threatening peritonitis, depending on the development of irreversible, but unpredictable, gangrene. The safest treatment is, therefore, early surgery. Effective surgery for appendicitis is also reflective of local and district surgical services8, and improved delivery is likely to have additional benefits for other common surgical conditions.Effective treatment of appendicitis requires appropriate and timely surgery, necessitating ready access to acute services6, the unmet need for surgery1, and of harm from lack of access to quality surgery, including procedures for appendicitis2. However, there has been no previous estimation of the global economic burden associated with failure to provide access to quality care for appendicitis. Given that access to surgical treatment for appendicitis reflects local surgical care provision, such information is needed to inform discussions on the investment case for provision of surgical care at country, regional, and international levels9.Estimates are available for the global incidence of appendicitisThis study assessed the economic burden (from loss of income) associated with unmet or delayed or substandard surgical care in low- and middle-income countries. The study focused on two types of indirect cost: lost income owing to premature death and lost income due to absenteeism and/or sick days.3, was assumed to reflect optimal  care. The economic burden attributed to scenario 1 could be avoided by increasing the coverage of operations to all who require them while keeping the standard of care in each country the same as it is currently. Scenario 2 involves increasing the coverage of operations to all who require them while increasing the standard of care in each country to be equivalent to that seen in high-income countries. Additionally, the study estimated the total economic burden experienced owing to the current state of care across countries, that is the consequences of providing surgical care of local standard to the proportions of people who currently receive care, and providing no surgical care to those who do not. Supplementary material S.2 provides a detailed description of the method, and details of the data sources and indicator construction can be found in supplementary material S.3. The main analysis was conducted at country level, although some data inputs were available only at the level of country-income groups. The results are presented aggregated to WHO region in the main text. The estimates are presented for the year 2015 as this was the latest year for which data from most sources were available.This study calculated the economic burden in two scenarios: that resulting from not providing surgery at local standards in low- and middle-income countries; and that resulting from not providing surgical care in these countries at the standard available in high-income countries, which, based on the literature6. Data on numbers of appendicectomies performed (or the shortage of appendicectomies) were not available for most countries. Thus, the unmet need was estimated using the following two approaches. The first approach assumed a need for surgical volume of 5000 operations per 100\u2009000 people, for all conditions that should be treated surgically, following the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery1. Using data on a country\u2019s total surgical volume delivered from Holmer et al.10, the gap between surgical need and volume was defined as the unmet need. It was assumed that the proportion of unmet need for appendicitis is equivalent to that for all conditions requiring surgery.All scenarios required information on the number of individuals with appendicitis who do not receive any surgical care. For this, estimates of the incidence of appendicitis for a given country and 5-year age group in 2015 from the Global Burden of Disease project were used11. Given that data on volume of appendicectomies to surgical volume were not available for most countries, several steps were taken to derive these estimates. First, information on the ratio of appendicectomies to gastrointestinal surgery from 116 countries was taken from the COVIDSurg Collaborative, GlobalSurg Collaborative database12. Second, information on the share of gastrointestinal surgery relative to total surgical volume in low- and middle-income countries was taken from multiple publications identified in a systematic search of the literature, as listed in the supplementary material Table S2. Data from England\u2019s Hospital Episode Statistics were used as a proxy for data from high-income countries. Data from low-, middle-, and high-income countries are shown in the Supplementary material to illustrate how the ratio of gastrointestinal surgery to total surgery varies between World Bank income groups. Although these data were used to calculate the predicted number of appendicectomies for high-income countries, it was assumed that there is no unmet need in such countries; thus, the resulting figures were not included in the estimation. Third, a combination of these sources was used to predict the number of appendicectomies for each country based on its surgical volume from Holmer et al.10. The gap between a country\u2019s incidence of appendicitis and the predicted number of appendicectomies was then defined as the unmet need.The second approach assumed that appendicectomies comprise a certain share of surgical volume, with that share varying depending on characteristics of the country. This approach was taken based on the knowledge that lower-income countries perform a larger volume of emergency and gastrointestinal procedures (such as appendicectomy), relative to total surgical volume, than high-income countries14.For both approaches, it was assumed that all patients with appendicitis in high-income countries receive surgical treatment. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) data for 25 high-income countries in 2015 showed that, for most countries, the number of cases of appendicitis was very close to the number of appendicectomies performedthe supplementary material Section S2). Estimates of the probabilities and mortality or absenteeism (days lost) outcomes were based on adverse events of surgically treated appendicitis from the GlobalSurg Collaborative database15 . The outcomes of not surgically treating appendicitis in low- and middle-income countries rely on the literature summarized in the supplementary material Table S6. Multiplied by the share of unmet surgical need, this gave the expected mortality risk and the number of days absent from employment resulting from not providing surgery to the local or highest standard to an individual with appendicitis .This study focused on two types of income loss: that resulting from early death and that associated with absenteeism. In the first step, the mortality and absenteeism outcomes of surgical treatment in low- and middle-income countries were estimated using surgical treatment at a standard received in low- and middle-income countries and that in high-income countries (as highest available standard), and outcomes of no surgical treatment at all , deflated to the year 2015. All costs were aggregated by WHO region to display the main results. Country-level results are available in the supplementary material Fig. S16, Table S11.In the next step, the expected mortality risk was multiplied by the age-specific incidence of appendicitis to obtain the total number of expected deaths for a given country and age group. The associated income losses were calculated by multiplying the number of expected deaths by the earnings the individuals were expected to have received if they had not died. Similarly, the expected number of absent days was multiplied by the share of unmet surgical need and the incidence of appendicitis to obtain the total number of expected lost working days for a given country. Absenteeism-related income losses were calculated by multiplying the lost working days by the average daily wage. Estimates of the average annual wage for each country were extracted from the International Labour Organization shows the key statistics used to calculate the economic burden of unmet surgical need by WHO region. The estimated share of unmet need was higher using the first approach than the second for all regions except the Americas. This was also evident at country level .Fig. 2, which allows a more detailed comparison of the two approaches. For most countries, approach 1 yielded a higher unmet need than approach 2, whereas the reverse applied mostly to Latin American countries .Country-specific shares of unmet need are shown in supplementary material Table S10). The rate was highest in Africa (8299 per 100\u2009000 for approach 1 and 6522 per 100\u2009000 for approach 2) and South-East Asia . The mortality rate from not providing surgery at the highest standard was slightly higher, on average 4237 per 100\u2009000 (approach 1) and 3500 per 100\u2009000 (approach 2) across the sample.As an intermediate outcome, excess mortality resulting from not providing surgery to local standards was estimated at 4185 per 100\u2009000 patients with appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100\u2009000 using approach 2 across the whole sample  for all countries using approach 1, ranging from $1415 million for Europe and $36\u2009637 million for Western Pacific. Using approach 2, the mortality-related income losses totalled $71\u2009984 million, ranging from $889 million in Europe to $24\u2009040 million for South-East Asia. Expressed as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), the economic burden ranged from 0.0050 per cent of GDP in Europe to 0.2602 per cent of GDP in South-East Asia using approach 1, and from 0.0031 per cent of GDP in Europe to 0.2144 per cent in South-East Asia using approach 2. The mortality-related income losses associated with not providing surgery to the highest standard of care were slightly higher, but very similar to the income losses of not providing surgery to local standards.The resulting income loss estimates are shown in versus highest standards was much larger than for the mortality estimates. For South-East Asia, the economic burden increased by about 50 per cent, for all other regions except Europe between 75 and 120 per cent, and for Europe it increased 8-fold (approach 1) or 13-fold (approach 2).Similar to the mortality-related income losses, absenteeism-related income losses associated with not providing surgery to local standards were lowest in Europe and highest in Western Pacific when estimated using either approach. In Europe, income losses were $23 million for approach 1 and $14 million for approach 2; in Western Pacific, losses were $622 million and $389 million respectively. However, the difference between income losses of not providing surgery to local supplementary material Fig. S15).Combining mortality and absenteeism-related income losses, the global economic burden of not providing surgery to local standards amounted to $92\u2009492 million using approach 1 and $73\u2009141 million using approach 2. The additional economic burden of not providing surgery to the highest standard was $2512 million for approach 1 and $2525 million USD for approach 2. The economic burden of unmet access to surgical care at local standards comprised between 87 and 97 per cent of the total economic burden in all regions except Europe . The absolute economic burden was highest in South-East Asia and Western Pacific, but the difference between the two approaches was large for both regions. However, even the lower estimates for both regions yielded some 1.5\u20132-fold higher absolute costs than most other regions.Absenteeism-related income losses contributed to a small fraction of the economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis, irrespective of the approach employed or benchmark . It was found that 45 per cent of the current surgically avertable burden in terms of DALYs could be avoided with scaled up access to higher-quality surgical care . This may be explained in part by differences in methodology, but most likely relates to the impact of surgery on mortality from different digestive diseases. Simple emergency surgery for appendicitis has a substantial effect on mortality, maximizing the impact of reduced access.Reduction in mortality and morbidity, and thus reduction in patient\u2019s income losses, through provision of surgery requires that surgical care can be accessed and that care, once accessed, is of high quality. The Lancet Global Health Commission on High Quality Health Systemsversus lack of quality, other studies22 have shown that lack of access to surgical care is a huge issue in low- and middle-income countries, particularly for emergency conditions7. Access is a multidimensional problem, encompassing service availability, and geospatial, financial, and sociocultural considerations. Solutions therefore require engagement of multiple stakeholders24. Although dimensions of geospatial, financial, and sociocultural considerations certainly need to be addressed, they offer complex challenges25. However, given the relative simplicity of surgery for appendicitis, it may be that service availability issues can be addressed more readily by task-shifting or sharing, to compensate for the worldwide shortage of surgeons10. Task shifting or sharing has been applied successfully to caesarean section and inguinal hernia in some contexts27. Increasing the availability of technicians could grow surgical services more rapidly than can possibly be achieved through traditional training. This solution could enable out-of-hours surgery in local hospitals and also release surgeons to provide increased diagnostic and perioperative care (which is particularly important in the emergency setting). It could also enable increased efficiency of theatre utilization. Improved access to emergency appendicectomy will thereby provide benefits in surgical care that reach beyond the treatment of appendicitis.Appendicectomy was selected because it is an emergency procedure required worldwide, and for which every surgeon receives training. Unlike specialist procedures, accessing any surgically ready facility should enable appropriate care. For more complex procedures, lack of appropriate surgical expertise is more likely to influence outcomes adversely. The present study found that improving access to appendicectomy at current local standards of care can substantially decrease mortality. This shows that, despite calls for improved quality, access should not be neglected, especially for the most common emergency procedures. Although they did not compare outcomes resulting from lack of access 28, this could easily cover the costs of training. These findings can be put into perspective by taking India as an example. According to Global Burden of Disease data, India had an incidence rate of appendicitis of 121 per 100\u2009000 in 2015 (world median 240 per 100\u2009000), or about 765\u2009000 cases in the age group 20\u201364 years, for which the economic burden was calculated. The present study estimated an unmet need for 653\u2009000 people (85 per cent) in approach 1, and 418\u2009000 people (55 per cent) in approach 2. Total costs for not providing surgery to a local standard amounted to $14\u2009086 million in approach 1 and $9017 million in approach 2. In contrast, total care costs were 3616 rupees or $69.5 for an appendicectomy at a tertiary care hospital in India in 2010\u2013201129. If India could invest 5 per cent of the foregone earnings  in surgical care, this would free up resources to provide 10.1 million (approach 1) or 6.5 million (approach 2) additional appendicectomies, thus closing the gap in surgical need. Such service development would inevitably provide wider benefits, particularly in emergency surgical care, as no service is provided in isolation. Measuring the societal impact of such an investment would be expected to demonstrate substantial additional improvements in care and associated societal benefits.Although training surgical providers comes at a cost, if countries can raise revenue from earnings forgone as a result of morbidity or mortality associated with lack of access to quality care for appendicitis, and invest 5 per cent of this into improving services, as a recommended minimum share of public spending on healthAlthough the results as a whole are striking, there are some nuances within the findings that are worthy of explanation. The economic burden, relative to GDP, of unmet surgical need was highest in South-East Asia, followed by Africa. Africa and South-East Asia had the greatest economic burden as both had a comparatively high share of unmet surgical need according to the estimates. For South-East Asia, a large contributor to the economic burden was the high incidence rate in Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh according to the Global Burden of Disease data. Without these outliers, South-East Asia would have ranked second after Africa. The ranking differed between economic burden relative to GDP and absolute economic burden of unmet surgical need. The absolute economic burden was highest in Western Pacific and South-East Asia, followed by the Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, and Africa. For Western Pacific, relatively high wages led to higher income losses, whereas the high unmet need and the extreme incidence rates contributed further to the high economic burden for South-East Asia. For most regions, the income losses were higher using approach 1 compared with approach 2; the reverse was, however, true for the Americas, and was also evident at the country level. This seemed to be driven by a combination of comparatively high surgical volume with an even higher incidence rate. For the first approach, the gap between actual surgical volume and the need to achieve a surgical volume of 5000 per 100\u2009000 was considered to estimate the unmet need. As the surgical volume was quite high in the Americas, this resulted in a reasonably low unmet need when using approach 1. Still, the surgical volume was not high enough to counterbalance the very high incidence rate, such that the estimate of unmet need in approach 2 exceeded the estimate of approach 1.appendix S.3). Still, the Global Burden of Disease data are the only nationally comparable and comprehensive incidence data available. Additionally, there are large gaps in the surgical outcomes data, particularly in the emergency setting. Uniquely, this study benefited from accessing the raw data in the COVIDSurg Collaborative and GlobalSurg Collaborative studies which provided global prospectively collected outcomes data. The extrapolation to all low- and middle-income countries might not be accurate for the context of every country, and might obscure variations between certain countries. Similarly, there are no reliable global data to distinguish outcomes by age or sex. As the extrapolation is based on comparable data from several low- and middle-income countries, the results should yield reasonable estimates. Furthermore, because of uncertain and conflicting data on appendicectomies, two analyses were provided in an attempt to provide two different angles on unmet need. The assumption is that the approaches give a reasonable second-best option in the absence of data on appendicectomies performed. Finally, the models are static, in the sense that feedback mechanisms were not incorporated. For example, the models do not account for changes in surgical quality if the access to surgical care increases. Yet, the direction of such feedback mechanisms is likely to depend on many different factors, so any assumptions regarding such mechanisms would be highly debatable.There are limitations to this study. The main constraint is the availability of data on appendicitis incidence, outcomes, and appendicectomies in low- and middle-income countries. The Global Burden of Disease project provides country-level estimates of the incidence of appendicitis, but these diverge from administrative data in high-income countries, probably owing to different data sources  Global Surgery Collaboration: AA Essam, Abd Elkhalek Sallam, Abd Elrahman Elshafay, Abd El-Rahman Hegazy Khedr, Abdalla Gamal Saad, Abdalla Gharib, Abdalla Kenibar, Abdallah Salah Elsherbiny, Abdalrahman Adel, Abdelaziz Abdelaal, Abdelaziz Osman Abdelaziz Elhendawy, Abdelfatah Hussein, Abdelkader Belkouchi, Abdelmalek Hrora, Abdelrahman Adelshone, Abdelrahman Alkammash, Abdelrahman Assal, Abdelrahman Geuoshy, Abdelrahman Haroun, Abdelrahman Mohammed, Abdelrahman Sayed, Abdelrahman Soliman, Abdelrhman Essam Elnemr, Abdelrhman KZ Darwish, Abdelrhman Osama Elsebaaye, Abdul Khalique, Abdul Rehman Alvi, Abdul Wahid Anwar, Abdulaziz Altwijri, Abdullah Al-Mallah, Abdullah Almoflihi, Abdullah Altamimi, Abdullah Daqeeq, Abdullah Dwydar, Abdullah Gouda, Abdullah Hashim, Abdulmalik Altaf, Abdulmalik Huwait, Abdulrahman Abdel-Aty, Abdulrahman M. Altwigry, Abdulrahman Sheshe, Abdulrasheed A Nasir, AbdulRazzaq Oluwagbemiga Lawal, Abdulshafi Khaled Abdrabou, Abdurrahaman Sheshe, Abdussemiu Abdurrazzaaq, Abebe Bekele Zerihun, Abeer Al-shammari, Abeer El Gendy, Abeer Esam, Abeer Marey, Abhishek Mittal, Abiboye Yifieyeh, Abid Bin Mahamood, Abidemi Adesuyi, Abouelatta Khairy Aly, Abrar Nawawi, Adam Gyedu, Ade Waterman, Adedapo Osinowo, Adedeji Fatuga, Adel Albiety, Adel B Hassanein, Adel Denewar, Adeleke Adekoya, Ademola Adebanjo, Ademola Adeyeye, Ademola Popoola, Adesina Adedeji, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Adesoji Tade, Adewale Adeniyi, Adewale O Adisa, Adham Tarek, Adomas Ladukas, Adrian F. Palma, Afifatun Hasanah, Afizah Salleh, Afnan Abdelfatah, Afnan Altamimi, Afnan Altamini, Agazi Fitsum, Agboola Taiwo, Ahamed Hassan, Ahed Ghaben, Ahmad Abdel Fattah, Ahmad Abdel Razaq Al Rafati, Ahmad Aboelkassem Ibrahem, Ahmad Aldalaq, Ahmad Ali, Ahmad Almallah, Ahmad Alrifaie, Ahmad Ashour, Ahmad Bakr, Ahmad Bani-Sadar, Ahmad Bin Adnan, Ahmad Elbatahgy, Ahmad Faraz, Ahmad Gudal, Ahmad Hasan, Ahmad Khaled Sabe, Ahmad Khoja, Ahmad Nashaat, Ahmad Qaissieh, Ahmad Sabe, Ahmad Saber Sleem, Ahmad Sakr, Ahmad Shalabi, Ahmad Uzair Qureshi, Ahmed Aamer, Ahmed Abd El Galeel, Ahmed Abd Elmoen Elhusseiny, Ahmed Abd Elsameea, Ahmed Abdelkareem, Ahmed Abdelmotaleb Ghazy, Ahmed Abo El Magd, Ahmed Abo Elazayem, Ahmed Adamu, Ahmed Adel, Ahmed Afandy, Ahmed Ahmed, Ahmed Alghamdi, Ahmed Ali, Ahmed Al-khatib, Ahmed Altibi, Ahmed Alzahrani, Ahmed Ata, Ahmed Badr, Ahmed Dahy, Ahmed Diab, Ahmed El Kashash, Ahmed El Kholy, Ahmed Elgaili Khalid Musa, Ahmed Elgebaly, Ahmed Elkelany, Ahmed Elkholy, Ahmed El-Sehily, Ahmed Essam, Ahmed Fahiem, Ahmed Farag, Ahmed Fawzy, Ahmed Fouad, Ahmed Gad, Ahmed Ghanem, Ahmed Gheith, Ahmed Gomaa, Ahmed Hafez El-Badri Kotb, Ahmed Hammad, Ahmed Hassan, Ahmed Hossam Eldin Fouad Rida, Ahmed Ismail, Ahmed Karim, Ahmed Khyrallh, Ahmed Lasheen, Ahmed M. Rashed, Ahmed Magdy, Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelraouf, Ahmed Menshawy, Ahmed Meshref, Ahmed Mohamed Afifi, Ahmed mohamed Ibrahim, Ahmed Mohameden, Ahmed Mohammed, Ahmed Mokhtar, Ahmed Mosad, Ahmed Moustafa, Ahmed Moustafa Saeed, Ahmed Negida, Ahmed Rabeih Mohammed, Ahmed Rabie Mohamed, Ahmed Ragab Nayel, Ahmed Ragab Soliman, Ahmed Raslan, Ahmed Raza, Ahmed Refaat, Ahmed Rslan, Ahmed Sabry, Ahmed Sabry El-Hamouly, Ahmed Safwan Marey, Ahmed Saidbadr, Ahmed Sakr, Ahmed Samir, Ahmed Shahine, Ahmed Sheta, Ahmed Soliman, Ahmed Tammam, Ahmed Tarek Abdelbaset Hassan, Ahmed W. Shamsedine, Ahmed Zaki, Ahmed Zaki Eldeeb, Ahmed Zohair, Ahmedali M Kandil, Ahmedglal Elnagar, Ahsan Zil-E-Ali, Aijaz Jabbar, Ailsa Claire Snaith, Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri, Aiste Austraite, Ajayesh Mistry, Akin Olaolorun, Akinlabi E Ajao, Al Faifi Jubran, Ala Shamasneh, Alaa Abouelnasr, Alaa Al-Buhaisi, Alaa Bowabsak, Alaa El Jamassi, Alaa Elazab, Alaa Elhadad, Alaa Fergany, Alaa Habeebullah, Alaa Hassan, Alaa Shabkah, Alaa Shaheen, Alaba Adesina, Alan Baird, Alan Grant, Alasdair Ball, Alban Cacurri, Albert Mohale Mphatsoe, Alberto Realis Luc, Alejandro Matheu, Alejandro Munera, Alemayehu Ginbo Bedada, Alessandro Favero, Alessio Maniscalco, Alexander Canta Calua, Alexander J Fowler, Alexandra Gerosa, Alexandre Horobjowsky, Alexandre Venancio De Sousa, Alexia Farrugia, Alexis Pierre Arnaud, Alfio Alessandro Russo, Alfredo Gulielmi, Ali Ababneh, Ali Abo El Dahab, Ali Amin Ahmed Ata, Ali Khan Niazi, Ali Kiasat, Ali Mohamed Hammad, Ali Zardab, Ali Zeynel Abidin Balkan, Aliaa Gamal Toeema, Aliaa Sadek, Aliaksandr Filatau, Aliang Latif, Alibeth Andres Baquero Suarez, Alice Faure, Alice Niragire, Alina Robledo-Rabanal, Aline Broch, Alireza Hasheminia, Alisdair Macdonald, Aliyu Ndajiwo, Allan Novak, Alphonse Zeta Mutabazi, Alvaro Enrique Mendoza Bele\u00f1o, Alvin Ee Zhiun Cheah, Aly Abd Elrazek, Aly Nasr, Aly Sanad, Alyaa Halim Elgendy, Alyne Daltri Lazzarini Cury, Amal Ibrahim, Amandine Martin, Amani Althwainy, Amany Abouzahra, Amany Eldosouky Mohammed, Amar Kourdouli, Amel Hashish, Amerdip Birring, Amgad Al Meligy, Amina Abdelhamid, Aminah Hanum Haji Abdul Majid, Aminu Mohammad, Amir Ait Kaci, Amira Atef Omar, Amira Elsawy, Amira Hassan Bekhet, Amira Reda, Amjad Abu Qumbos, Amjad Elmashala, Ammar Gado, Amna Mamdouh Mohamed, Amna Mohamed, Amoudtha Rasendran, Amr Ahmed Saleh, Amr Fadel, Amr Hasan, Amr Hassaan, Amr Hossameldin, Amr Muhammad Elkorashy, Amr Tarek Hafez, Amreen Faruq, Amro Aglan, Ana Cecilia Manchego Bautista, Ana Lucia Contreras-Vergara, Ana Maria Sandoval Barrantes, Ana Vega Carreiro De Freitas, Ana Vega Freitas, Anam Rashid, Anan Rady Abdelazeam, Anand Kirishnan, Anass Majbar, Anastasia Bamicha, Anastasios Stefanopoulos, Anders Thorell, Andre Das, Andre Dubois, Andre L Mihaljevic, Andre Navarro, Andrea Allegri, Andrea Armellini, Andrea Belli, Andrea Bondurri, Andrea Echevarria Rosas Moran, Andrea Natili, Andrea Ruzzenente, Andrea Simioni, Andreass Haloho, Andrei Tanase, Andrej Kolosov, Andrejus Subocius, Andrew G N Robertson, Andrew Kirby, Andrew Mcguigan, Andrew Spina, Andrey Litvin, Andrius Burmistrovas, Andrius Strazdas, Andy Arenas, Aneel Bhangu, Anele Rudzenskaite, Angel David P\u00e9rez Rojas, Angela Dell, Angelica Genoveva Vergara Mejia, Angeline Charles, Angelo Antoniozzi, Angelo Benevento, Angelos Tselos, Angham Solaiman El-Ma'doul, Anjana Sreedharan, Ankur Bhatnagar, Ann Kjellin, Anna Lasek, Anna Maffioli, Anna Powell, Anna Rinaldi, Anna Watts, Annalisa lo Conte, Annamaria Bigaran, Annelisse Ashton, Annisa Dewi Fitriana Mukin, Antanas Gulbinas, Antanas Zadoroznas, Anthonius Santoso Rulie, Anthony Ajiboye, Anthony Avoka, Anthony Chuk-Him Lai, Anthony Davor, Anthony Sander, Antje Oosterkamp, Antoinette Bediako-Bowan, Antonella La Brocca, Ant\u00f4nio Leal, Antonio Nocito, Antonio Ramos-De La Medina, Antonio Taddei, Anwar Atiyeh, Anyomih Theophilus Teddy Kojo, Aoife Driscoll, Apar Shah, Apostolos Vlachogiorgos, April Camilla Roslani, Aram Abdelhaq, Arazzelly del Pilar Paucar, Arcangelo Picciariello, Areej Tarek, Arezo Kanani, Ari Lepp\u00e4niemi, Arianna Birindelli, Arij Ibrahim, Arjun Nesaratnam, Arlindawati Suyadi, Armando Jos\u00e9 Rom\u00e1n Vel\u00e1squez, Arnaud Bonnard, Arnav Agarwal, Aroub Alkaaki, Arturas Vaicius, Arvin Khamajeet, Arvo Reinsoo, Arwa Abouzaid, Arwa Elfarargy, Arwa Ibrahim, Arwa Mohamed, Asaf Kedar, Asdaq Ahmed, Ased Ali, Aseel Alnusairat, Aseel Hamarshi, Aseel Musleh, Ash Prabhudesai, Ashraf A. Maghrabi, Ashraf Morsi, Ashrarur Rahman Mitul, Asmaa Abdelgelil, Asmaa Abdel-Rahman Al-Aarag, Asmaa Rezq, Asmaa Salah, Aspasia Papailia, Assmaa Badwy, Astrid Leusink, Ata Khan, Ataa Ahmed, Athanasia Bamicha, Athar Eysa, Athirah Zulkifli, Atif Mahdi, Attia Attia, Attia Mohamed Attia, Audrey Clarissa, Audrius Dulskas, Audrius Parseliunas, Augusto Zani, Aung Kyaw Tun, Aurel Mironescu, Aurel Sandu Mironescu, Aurelien Scalabre, Aurora Mariani, Aurore Haffreingue, Aurore Thollot, Ausrine Usaityte, Aust\u0117 Skard\u017eiukait\u0117, Awais Raza, Aya Abdel Fatah Ibraheem, Aya Aboarab, Aya Adel Elsharkawy, Aya El-Sawy, Aya Elwaey, Aya Firwana, Aya Hagar, Aya Hammad, Aya Mohamed Fathy, Aya Reda, Aya Yehia Ata, Ayah Hamdan, Ayat Hassaan, Ayman And Taher, Ayman Elwan, Ayman Nabawi, Ayman Salman, Ayman Shwky, Ayokunle Ogunyemi, Azher Herebat, Azmina Verjee, Babajide Adenekan, Babatunde Odeyemi, Badr Eldin Adel, Badreldin Adel Tawfik, Bahar Busra Ozkan, Bakeer Mohamed, Bakhtiar Nighat, Bandar Albeladi, B\u00e1rbara M\u00e1laga, Barbara Mijuskovic, Barbara Pereira Silvestre, Basant Kumar, Basem Sieda, Bashir Bello, Basim Alghamdi, Basma Magdy, Basma Mahmoud, Basmah Alhassan, Bassant Mowafy, Beatrice Brunoni, Beatrix Weber, Belen Sanchez, Ben Thompson, Beno\u00eet Parmentier, Bernard Limoges, Bernard Van Duren, Bernhard Wolf, Bertrand Dousset, Besmir Grizhja, Bettina Lieske, Betty Maillot, Billal Mansour, Bjorn Frisk, Bogdan Diaconescu, Bogdan-Valeriu Martian, Boris Marinkovic, Brendan Skelly, Brian Cameron, Britta Dedekind, Bruno Noukpozounkou, Bryon Frankie Hon Khi Chong, Bylapudi Seshu Kumar, Caio Vin\u00edcius Barroso de Lima, Calogero Iacono, Cameron Fairfield, Camila Sanchez Samaniego, Camilla Cona, Camilo Lopez-Arevalo, Caoimhe Normile, Caranj Venugopal, Carla Cecilia Ram\u00e3\u00adrez Cabrera, Carla Pierina Garc\u00eda Torres, Carlo Corbellini, Carlos Alejandro Arroyo Basto, Carlos Iv\u00e1n P\u00e9rez Vel\u00e1squez, Carlos Morales, Carlos Nsengiyumva, Carlos Paz Galvez, Carmen Capito, Carmen Fern\u00e1ndez, Carmina Diaz-Zorrilla, Carolina Guzm\u00e1n Due\u00f1as, Carolina Oliveira Felipe, Caroline Clifford, Caroluce K Musyoka, Catherine A Shaw, Cathy Magee, Cecile Muller, Cecilia Costa, Cecilia Tolg, Cecilia Wredberg, Celeste Del Basso, C\u00e9line Grosos, Cesar Augusto Azmitia Mendizabal, Cesar Miranda, Cesar Razuri, Cezar Ciubotaru, Chali Chibuye, Challine Alexandre, Charing Cheuk Ling Szeto, Charles Dally, Charlotte Jane Mcintyre, Chaymae Benyaiche, Chean Leung Chong, Chee Siong Wong, Cheewei Gan, Chelise Currow, Chelsea Deane, Cheng Chun Goh, Cherry Koh, Cheryl Ou Yong, Chetan Khatri, Chi Chung Foo, Chi Ying Jacquelyn Fok, Chia Kong, Chiara Ceriani, Chimwemwe Kwatiwani, Chingwan Yip, Chintya Tedjaatmadja, Choon Seng Chong, Chouikh Taieb, Choy Ling Tan, Chris Bode, Chris Lee, Christel Leanne Almanon, Christian Hinojosa, Christian Lari Coompson, Christin Schoewe, Christina Neophytou, Christina P Major, Christina Panteli, Christine Mizzi, Christoforos Ferousis, Christopher Bode, Christos Agalianos, Christos Anthoulakis, Christos Barkolias, Christos Dervenis, Chu-Ann Chai, Chui Yee Wong, Ciara Fahy, Cicilia Viany Evajelista, Cirugia De Emergencia, Ciskje Zarb, Citra Dewi Mohd Ali, Claire Sharpin, Clara Milagros Herrera Puma, Clare M Rees, Clare Morgan, Claudia Reali, Claudio Arcudi, Claudio Fermani, Claudio Gabriel Fermani, Clemens Nawara, Clement Onuoha, Clodagh Mangan, Colleen Sampson, Collins Nwokoro, Colombani Jean-Francois, Constantinos Marinos, Cornelius Mukuzunga, Corrado Bottini, Craig Gouldthorpe, Crislee Elizabeth Lopez, Cristina Fernandes, Crystal Yern Nee Chow, Cutting Edge Manipal, Dale Vimalachandran, Dalia Alkhabbaz, Dalia Hemeda, Damien Brown, Damir Ljuhar, Dan L Deckelbaum, Dana Jaradat, Danelo Du Plessis, Daniel Ardian Soeselo, Daniel Cox, Daniel Dabessa, Daniel Estuardo Marroqu\u00edn Rodr\u00edguez, Daniel Hamill, Daniel Nel, Daniel Youssef, Daniela Magri, Daniele Angelieri, Daniele Gui, Danilo Herrera Cruz, Danjuma Sale, Dansou Gaspard Gbessi, Dario Andreotti, Darius Kazanavicius, Darragh McCullagh, David Mcnish, David Merlini, David Monterroso Cohen, Davide De Boni, Davide Rossi, Dayang Nita Abdul Aziz, DC Grobler, Debora Schivo, Deborah Chiesa, Deimante Mikuckyte, Deividas Dragatas, Demi Gray, Diaa Eldin Abdelazeem Amin Elsorogy, Diaa Moustafa Elbendary Elsawahly, Diaaaldin Zahran, Diana Duarte Cadogan, Diana Sanchez, Dickson Bandoh, Diego Alonso Romani Pozo, Diego Antezana, Diego Coletta, Diego Romani, Diego Sasia, Dietmar \u00d6fner, Dieudonne Duhoranenayo, Dimitri Aristotle Raptis, Dimitrios Balalis, Dimitrios K Manatakis, Dimitrios Karousos, Dimitrios Korkolis, Dimitrios Kyziridis, Dimitrios Lytras, Dimitrios Papageorgiou, Dimitrios Sfougaris, Dimitris-Christos Zachariades, Dina Al-Marakby, Dina Faizatur Rahmah, Dina Gamal, Dina Tarek, Dineshwary Periasammy, Diogo Vinicius dos Santos, Dion Morton, Diya Mirghani, Djifid Morel Seto, DM Cocker, Dmitri A Raptis, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Dmitri Raptis, Doaa Emadeldin, Doaa Gamil, Doaa Hasan, Doaa Hasanain, Doaa Maher Abdelrouf, Domenica Pata, Domingos Mapasse, Dominic Charles Marshall, Donal B O\u2019Connor, Donatas Danys, Donatas Venskutonis, Dorota Radkowiak, Doug Bowley, Dovil\u00e8 Majauskyt\u00e9, Dulan Irusha Samaraweera, Durvesh Lacthman Jethwani, Dush Iyer, Dushyant Iyer, Dzianis Khokha, Dzmitry Paulouski, Ebenezer Takyi Atkins, Echaieb Anis, Edgar Domini, Edilberto Temoche, Eduardo Huaman, Edvard Grisin, Edvinas Dainius, Efeson Thomas, Egle Preckailaite, Ehab Alnawam, Ehab Mamdouh, Eirik Kjus Aahlin, Eirini Kefalidi, Ekow Mensah, Elaine Borg, Eldaa Prisca Refianti Sutanto, Eleanor Marks, Elena Goldin, Elena Muzio, Elena Vendramin, Elena Zdanyte Sruogiene, Eleonora Ciccioli, Elio Jovine, Elisa Francone, Elisabeth Jensen, Elissa Rifhan Mohd Basir, Elizabeth Snyder, Ella Teasdale, Elliot Akoto, Elodie Gaignard, Elodie Haraux, Elsa Robert, Elsayed Ali, Elsayed Gamaly, Emad Abdallah, Emad Al-Dakka, Emad Ali Ahmed, Emad Aljohani, Emad Mohamed Saeed Taha, Eman Abd Al Raouf, Eman Abdelmageed, Eman Abuqwaider, Eman Adel Sayma, Eman Elwy, Eman Emara, Eman Hashad, Eman Ibrahim, Eman Magdy, Eman Magdy Hegazy, Eman Mahmoud Abdulhakeem, Eman Mohamed Ibrahim, Eman Mohamed Morshedy, Eman Nofal, Eman Rashad, Eman Yahya Mansor, Emanuel Barrios, Emanuele Rausa, Emeka Nwabuoku, Emilia De Luca, Emilie Eyssartier, Emilio Dijan, Emma Blower, Emma Jurdell, Emma Upchurch, Emmanuel Acquah, Emmanuel Akatibo, Emmanuel Barrios, Emmy Runigamugabo, Enas Alaloul, Enas Alqahtani, Enoch Dagoe, Enoch Tackie, Eriberto Farinella, Eric Ackom, Eric Kofi Appiah, Erick Samuel Florez Farfan, Erik Hervieux, Erik Schadde, Erika Vicario, Erikas Laugzemys, Ernest Yemalin Stephane Ahounou, Eslam Elbanby, Eslam Ezzat, Esraa Abd Elkhalek, Esraa Abdalmageed Kasem, Esraa Alm Eldeen, Esraa El-Gizawy, Esraa Elhalawany, Esraa El-Taher, Esraa Gamal, Esraa Ghanem, Esraa Kasem, Esraa Samir Elbanby, Esraay Zakaria, Ethar Hany, Etienne Courboin, Eu Xian Lee, Euan Macdonald, Eugene Niyirera, Eugenio Grasset, Eugenio Morandi, Eugenio Panieri, Eva Borin, Evangelos Voulgaris, Evelina Slapelyte, Evelina Woin, Ewan Macdermid, Ewen M Harrison, Eyad Khalifah, Ezio Veronese, Fabian Deichsel, Fabrizio Aquilino, Fahd Abdel Sabour, Faisal Idris, Faith Qi Hui Leong, Fanjandrainy Rasoaherinomenjanahary, Farah Mahmoud Ali, Farhana Iftekhar, Farrag Sayed, Fatai Balogun, Fatema Al Bastawis, Fatema Asi, Fathee Nada, Fathi Elzowawi, Fathia Abd El-Salam, Fathy Sroor, Fatima Baluch, Fatimah I Elgendy, Fatma Elkady, Faustin Ntirenganya, Fawzia Abdellatif Elsherif, Fawzy Mohamed, Fayez Elian Al Barrawi, Fazlin Noor, Federica Bianco, Federica Falaschi, Federico Coccolini, Fei Zheng, Felipe Zapata, Felix Alakaloko, Felix Lee, Feng Yih Chai, Ferdy Iskandar, Fernanda Altoe, Fernanda Frade, Fernande Djivoh, Fernando Espinoza, Fernando Fernandez-Bueno, Fernando Tale, Ferry Fitriya Ayu Andika, Fidelis Jacklyn Adella, Filippo Di Franco, Finaritra Casimir Fleur Prudence Rahantasoa, Fitjerald Henry, Fitriana Nur Rahmawati, Florence Dedey, Florian Primavesi, Florin-Mihail Iordache, Fong Yee Lam, Foteini Koumpa, Francesca Steccanella, Francesco Pata, Francesco Riente, Francesco Ruben Giardino, Francesco Selvaggi, Francis Abantanga, Francis Dossou, Francisco Fujii, Francisco Regalado, Francois-Coridon Helene, Fran\u00e7oise Schmitt, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Frank Owusu, Fred Alexander Naranjo Aristiz\u00e3\u00a1bal, Fred Hodonou, Frederick Du Toit, Frederique Sauvat, Fredrik Wogensen, Frehun Ayele Asele, Fridiz Saravia, Gabriel Pardo, Gabriela Elisa Nita, Gaetano Gallo, Gaetano Luglio, Gaetano Tessera, Galaleldin Abdelazim, Gamal Shimy, Gandau Naa Barnabas, Garba Samson, Gareth Irwin, Gehad El Ashal, Gehad Samir El Sayed, Gehad Tawfik, Gemma Humm, Genoveffa Balducci, George Christian Manrique Sila, George Ihediwa, George Manrique Sila, Georges Azzie, Georgette Marie Camilleri, Georgios Gemenetzis, Georgios Gkiokas, Georgios Karabelias, Georgios Kyrou, Georgios Tzikos, Gerardo Perrotta, Gerfried Teufelberger, Germain Ahlonsou, German Minguez, Geta Maharaj, Gezim Galiqi, Ghada Elhoseny, Ghada Saied Nagy, Ghiath Al Saied, Ghina Shamim Shamsi, Giacomo Nastri, Giacomo Pata, Gianfranco Cocorullo, Gianluca Curletti, Gianluca Pagano, Gianluca Pellino, Gianmaria Confalonieri, Gianpiero Gravante, Giedrius Lauzikas, Giles Dawnay, Gintaras Simutis, Giorgio Vasquez, Giovanni Landolfo, Giovanni Lazzari, Giovanni Luca Lamanna, Giovanni Pascale, Giovanni Pesenti, Giovanni Sgroi, Giridhar H Devadasar, Gisele Moreira, Giuliano Borda-Luque, Giuseppe Clerico, Giuseppe Rotunno, Giuseppe Salamone, Giuseppe Sammarco, Gokhan Lap, Greg Padmore, Gregorio Tugnoli, Gregory Kouraklis, Greta Mclachlan, Greta Wood, Greta \u017diubryt\u0117, Guillaume Podevin, Guillermo Sanchez Rosenberg, Guo Liang Yong, Gurdeep Singh Mannu, Gurpreet Singh Banipal, Gustavo Miguel Machain Vega, Gustavo Peixoto Soares Miguel, Gustavo Pereira Fraga, Gustavo Recinos, Gustavo Rodolfo Pertersen Servin, Haaris A. Shiwani, Hadeel Al-farram, Hafiz Hakim, Hagar Zidan, Hager Abdul Aziz Amin, Hager Abdulaziz, Hager Ahmed El-badawy, Hager Elwakil, Hager Tolba, Hagir Zain Elabdin, Haidar Hajeh, Hala Ahmed, Hala Saad, Halima Aliyu, Hamdi Ebdewi, Hamza Asumah, Hamza Waleed, Hanan Adel Saad, Haney Youssef, Hani Natalie, Hanna Royson, Hannah Anderson-Knight, Hannah Burns, Hannah S Thomas, Hans-Ivar Pahlsson, Harish Neelamraju Lakshmi, Harriet Jordan, Hasan Ismael Ibraheem, Hasan Ismael Ibraheem Al-Hameedi, Hasbi Maulana Arsyad, Hasnain Abbas Dharamshi, Hassan Ali Mostafa, Hatem El-Sheemy, Haya Tahboub, Hayam Ahmed, Hayden Kretzmann, Hayssam Rashwan, Haytham Abudeeb, Hazem Khaled, Hazmi Dwinanda Nurqistan, Heather Bougard, Heba Baraka, Heba Gamal, Heba Shaker, Hector Shibao Miyasato, Helen Mohan, Helen Woodward, Helena Franco, Helene Francois-Coridon, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse, Hend Adel Gawad Shakshouk, Hend Kandil, Hend Mahmoud, Henri Kotobi, Henry Mendel, Henry Nnaj, Herlin Karismaningtyas, Herman Cruz, Hesham Magdy, Hesham Mohammed Bakry, Hian Ee Heng, Hildur Thorarinsdottir, Hisham Safa, Hisham Samih, Hogea Mircea, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Yee Wong, Hoong-Yin Chong, Hope Edem Kofi Kordorwu, Hope Glover-Addy, Horacio Paredes Decoud, Hosni Khairy Salem, Hossam Dawoud, Hossam Elfeki, Hossam Emadeldin, Houda Bachri, Hunain Shiwani, Hussein Ali, Hussein El-Kashef, Hussein Mohammed, Hussien Ahmed, Iason-Antonios Papaskarlatos, Ibrahem Abdelmotaleb, Ibrahim AbdelFattah, Ibrahim Alhabli, Ibrahim Al-Slaibi, Ibrahim AlYoussef, Ibrahim Elzayat, Ibrahim Elzayyat, Ibrahim N. Alomar, Ibrahim Rakha, Ibrahim Raza, Ida Bj\u00f6rklund, Idelso Vasquez, Ignas Rakita, Ihab Hassan, Ihdaa Adawi, Iloba Njokanma, Iman Elkadsh, Immacolata Iannone, Ingemar Havemann, Ioannis Kyriazanos, Ioannis Patoulias, Ioannis Valioulis, Ionasc Dan, Ionut Negoi, Ionut-Bogdan Diaconescu, Irene Montes, Irene Ortega-Vazquez, Isaac Amole, Isaac Bertuello, Isaac Hanley, Isam Bsisu, Islam Magdy El Sayed, Ismael Isaac Zelada Alvarez, Ismail Lawani, Israa Abdullah Aziz Al-Azraqi, Israa Adel, Israa Awad, Israa Qawasmi, Ivan Mendoza Restrepo, J Edward Fitzgerald, Jack Almy, Jacqueline Sheehan, Jaime Andres Montoya Botero, Jaime Herrera-Matta, Jakeline Restrepo, Jakov Mihanovic, James Adeniran, James Brown, James Davies, James Giles, James Glasbey, James Olivier, James Pape, James Richards, James Wheeler, James Yang, Jamie Shah, Janet Pagnozzi, Jannin Salcedo, Jasim Amin, Jason Brown, Javier Pastora, Javier Rosales, Jazmin Coronel, Jean Br\u00e9aud, Jean De La Croix Allen Ingabire, Jean-Baptiste Marret, Jean-Francois Colombani, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lecompte, Jeffrey Dalli, Jehad Hassan Youssif, Jehad Meqbil, Jemina Onimowo, Jen Cornick, Jenifa Jeyakumar, Jennifer Nowers, Jennifer Rickard, Jennifer Skehan, Jerry Makama, Jesse Ron Swire Ting, Jessica Juliana Tan, Jessica Patricia Gonzales Stuva, Jessica Roth, Jessica Souza Luiz, Jia Hao Law, Jia Yng Siaw, Jian Er Saw, Jibran Abbasy, Jiheon Song, Jimy Harold Jara Quezada, Joachim Amoako, Joachim Wiborg, Joanna Swann, Jo-Anne Carreira, Joanne Edwards, Joe Vincent, Joel Kin Tan, Joe-Nat Clegg-Lamptey, Johanna Joosten, Johanna Nyberg, Johannes Kurt Schultz, Johannes Wiik Larsen, John Bondin, John F. Camilleri-Brennan, John Jemuel V. Mora, John Lee Y Allen, John Whitaker, Jolanta Gribauskaite, Jon Arne S\u00f8reide, Jon Kristian Narvestad, Jonathan Ajah, Jonathan Dakubo, Jonathan Heath, Jonathan R L Wild, Jonny Setiawan, Jorge Armando Chungui Bravo, Jorge Torres Cardozo, Jose Aguilar-Jimenez, Jose Andres Garcia-Marin, Jose Antonio Cabala Chiong, Jose Costa-Maia, Jos\u00e9 Hamasaki, Jos\u00e9 Luis Hamasaki Hamaguchi, Jose Luis Rodicio, Jose Mar\u00eda Vergara Celis, Jos\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Ar\u00e9valo Azmitia, Joselyn Ye, Joseph Awuku-Asabre, Josephine Psaila, Joshua Luck, Joshua Michael Clements, Joyeta Razzaque, Juan Camilo Correa, Juan Carpio, Juan Gouws, Juan Jaime Herrera Matta, Juan Manuel Carmona, Juan Marcelo Delgado, Juana Kabba, Jubran J Al-Faifi, Julia Guasti Pinto Vianna, Julian Camilleri-Brennan, Juliana Menegussi, Julien Leroux, Julien Rod, Juliette Hascoet, Julio Jimenez, Junyeong Oh, Juozas Kutkevicius, Justas Kuliavas, Justas \u017dilinskas, Justin Chak Yiu Lam, Justus Lando, Ka Hin Gabriel Li, Ka Wai Leung, Kai Yin Lee, Kalangu Kabongo, Kalitha Pinnagoda, Kalon Hewage, Kamau Kinandu, Kamran Faisal Bhopal, Kandasami Palayan, Kareem Dabbour, Kareem Elshaer, Karen Bailey, Karim Hilal, Karl Bonavia, Karolis Lagunavicius, Karolis Varkalys, Kate Cross, Kate Yu-Ching Chang, Katharina Beate Reinisch, Katharine Whitehurst, Katherine Gash, Kathryn Chu, Kathryn Lee, Katie Connor, Katrin Gudlaugsdottir, Kaustuv Das, Kazeem Atobatele, KC Janardha, Kean Leong Koay, Keat-Seong Poh, Keiran David Clement, Keith Sammut, Keith Say Kwang Tan, Kenneth Aaniana, Kenneth Johnson, Kenneth Mealy, Kenneth Thorsen, Kenny Turpo Espinoza, Kent Pluke, Kestutis Strupas, Kevin C. Conlon, Kevin Turpo Espinoza, Khaled Abozeid, Khaled Alhady, Khaled Aljboor, Khaled Dawood, Khaled Hesham Elbisomy, Khaled Ibrahim, Khaled Khattab, Khaled Naser El Deen, Khalid Mahmud, Khalid Qurie, Khalid Salah El-Dien, Khalil Abdul Bassit, Khaoula Boukhal, Khlood Ashour, Kholod Tarek Lasheen, Kholoud Abdelbadeai, Khurram Khan, Khuzaimah Zahid Syibrah, Kieran Atkinson, Kieran Ka Kei Li, Kirsten Lafferty, Kjetil S\u00f8reide, Knut Magne Augestad, Kolonia Konstantina, Konstantinos Farmakis, Konstantinos Gasteratos, Kornelija Maceviciute, Kp\u00e8mahouton Ren\u00e9 Keke, Kresimir Zamarin, Kristian Styles, Kristijonas Jasaitis, Kristijonas Jokubonis, Kristina Cassar, Kuet Jun Chung, Kuhaendran Gunaseelan, Kuok Chung Lee, Kurt Carabott, Kwabena Agbedinu, Kwaku Boakye-Yiadom, Kwame Maison, Kwasi Asare-Bediako, Kwasi Kusi, Kyaw Phyo Aung, Kylie Joan-yi Szeto, Kyriakos Psarianos, Laimonas U\u0161\u010dinas, Lalith Asanka Jayasooriya Jayasooriya Arachchige, Lana Abusalem, Larissa Ines P\u00e1ez Lopez, Lau Wen Liang Joel, Laura Gavagna, Laura Koskenvuo, Laura Lorenzon, Laura Luque, Laurent Fourcade, Lawal Abdullahi, Lawani Isma\u00efl, Lawrence Bongani Khulu, Layza-Alejandra Mercado Rodriguez, Lee Shi Yeo, Leif Israelsson, Lemuel Davies Bray, Lenin Pe\u00f1a, Leo Licari, Leonardo Solaini, Li Jing Yeang, Liam Henderson, Liam Richardson, Liana Roodt, Lillian Reza, Linas Urbanavicius, Linas Venclauskas, Linda Alvi Madrid Barrientos, Linda Andersson, Ling Wilson, Linn Nymo, Linnea Mauro, Liviu Iuliu Muntean, Liviu Muntean, Ljiljana Jeremic, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Lopna Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed, Lorena Fuentes-Rivera, Lorena Rodriguez, Lorena Solar Garc\u00eda, Lorraine Sproule, Lotfy Eldamaty, Luai Jamal, Luana Ayres Da Silva, Lubna Sabeeh, Luc Herv\u00e9 Samison, Luca Ansaloni, Luca Bortolasi, Luca Turati, Lucia Duinhouwer, Lucian Corneliu Vida, Lucile Fievet, Lucio Selvaggi, Ludwing Alexander Zeta Solis, Luen Shaun Chew, Luigi Bonavina, Luigi Bucci, Luigi Maria Cloro, Luis Alberto Valente Laufer, Luis Barneo, Luis Joaqu\u00edn Garc\u00eda Florez, Luis M. Helguero-Santin, Luis Miguel Alvarez Barreda, Luis Tale, Luisa Giavarini, Luiz Carlos Barros De Castro Segundo, Luiza Sarmento Tatagiba, Lukas Eisner, Lusi Padma Sulistianingsih Mata, Maarten Vermaas, Mabel Amoako-Boateng, Maciej Wal\u0119dziak, Madan Jha, Madelaine Gimzewska, Mads Gran, Maeve O'neill, Magdalini Mitroudi, Magnus Boijsen, Maha Al-faqawi, Maha Elmasry, Maha Gamal Mohamad Hamad, Maha Nasr, Mahadevan Deva Tata, Mahitab Essam, Mahitab Morsy Farahat, Mahmoud A. Elnajjar, Mahmoud Abdelshafy, Mahmoud Abdelshakour, Mahmoud Abdulgawad, Mahmoud Ahmed Fathi Abozyed, Mahmoud Alrahawy, Mahmoud Amreia, Mahmoud Badawy, Mahmoud Eldafrawy, Mahmoud Elfiky, Mahmoud Elkhadragy Maher, Mahmoud Elkhadrawi, Mahmoud Elsayed Moghazy, Mahmoud Gomah, Mahmoud M. Saad, Mahmoud Mohamed Metwally, Mahmoud Morsi, Mahmoud Saad, Mahmoud Saami, Mahmoud Salama, Mahmoud Salma, Mahmoud Shalaby, Mahmoud Warda, Mahmoud Zakaria, Mahmut Arif Yuksek, Mahnoor Javaid, Mahnuma Mahfuz Estee, Mai Ebidy, Mai Mohamed Ebidy, Mai Salama, Ma\u00edra Cassa Careta, Maja Marcus, Majd Dabboor, Majed Aboelella, Makafui Dayie, Makki Elsayed, Malcolm Falzon, Maleeha Hassan, Malin Sund, Man Fung Leung, Man Hon Andrew Yeung, Manar Abd-Elmawla, Manar Saeed, Mantas Drungilas, Mantas Jokubauskas, Mantas Vil\u010dinskas, Manuel Francisco Roxas, Manuel Hache-Marliere, Manuel Lopez, Manuel Rodriguez Castro, Manuela Mendez, Manzoor Dar, Maram Abu-toyour, Maram Salah, Marcelo O\u00b4Higgins Roche, Marco Catani, Marco Maria Pascale, Marco Migliore, Mardelangel Zapata Ponze De Leon, Margaret O'Shea, Margarita Montrimaite, Margherita Notarnicola, Margub Hussain, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango, Maria Giovanna Grella, Maria Hjertberg, Maria Isabel Villegas Lanau, Maria Jesusa B. Ma\u00f1o, Maria Lorena Aguilera, Maria Marta Modolo, Maria Mayasari, Maria Novella Ringressi, Maria Soledad Gonzales Montejo, Maria Soledad Merlo, Maria Utter, Mar\u00eda Valcarcel-Salda\u00f1a, Maria-Lorena Aguilera-Arevalo, Mariam Darweesh, Mariam O. Gad, Mariam Saad Aboul-Naga, Mariano Cesare Giglio, Mariastella Malavenda, Marie Carmela Lapitan, Marie Dione Parreno-Sacdalan, Marie Paul, Mariette Renaux-Petel, Marija Agius, Marilia Del Carmen Escalante Salas, Marilla Dickfos, Marina Luiza Pimenta, Mario Contreras Urquizu, Mario Corbellino, M\u00e1rio Jacobe, Mario Lopez, Mario Pasini, Mario Trompetto, Marisa Leal, Marisol Manriquez-Reyes, Mariuca Popa, Mark Ian Hampton, Mark Sykes, Mark Wagener, Markus Zuber, Marte Bliks\u00f8en, Martha Glynn, Martin Jarmin, Martin Kyereh, Martina Perino, Martina Yusuf Shawky, Martinique Vella-Baldacchino, Marvin Vargas, Marwa Altarayra, Marwa Elashmawy, Marwa Elshobary, Marwa Hamdan, Marwa Sayed, Marwan Abubakr, Marwan Fahim, Marwan Shawki, Maryam Ali Khan, Maryna Shubianok, Mashael Al-Mousa, Masood Alghamdi, Masood Jawaid, Massiell Machaca, Massimiliano Dal Canto, Massimo Coletti, Matas Pa\u017euskis, Matei Bratu, Matei Razvan Bratu, Mateusz Rubinkiewicz, Matteo Papandrea, Matteo Ripa, Mattew Ekow, Matthew Baldacchino, Matthew Billy, Matthew Young-Han Kim, Matthieu Peycelon, Matti Tolonen, Maureen Bezzina, Maurizio Foco, Mawaddah Alrajraji, Max D\u00e9nakpo, Max Rath, Mayaba Maimbo, Mazed Mohamed, Mazen Hassanain, Megan Turner, Mehmet Ali Yavuz, Mehmet Gumar, Mehmet Ulu\u015fahin, Melanie Castro Mollo, Melanie Zapata Ponze De Leon, Menatalla Salem, Mengistu Worku, Menna Tallah Ramadan, Mennaallah Hafez, Mennat-Allah Mustafa, Menold Archee P. Redota, Meran Allam, Meric Mericliler, Merna Mostafa, Meryem Abbouch, Metwally Aboraya, Michael Amoah, Michael Cox, Michael Edye, Michael Gillespie, Michael Hanrahan, Michael Livingston, Michael Puttick, Michael Stoddart, Michael Van Niekerk, Michael Walsh, Michael Wilson, Michail Kontos, Michail Margaritis, Micha\u0142 Janik, Micheal Ohene-Yeboah, Michela Monteleone, Michele Carlucci, Michele Sacco, Michelle Mccarthy, Midhun Mohan, Miguel Angel Paludi, Miguel Siguantay, Mihael Radic, Mihaela Vartic, Miklosh Bala, Milaksh Kumar Nirumal, Milan Radojkovic, Milica Nestorovic, Millika Ghetia, Mindaugas Kiudelis, Mircea Beuran, Mircea Hogea, Mirko Mangiapane, Mitchelle Solange De F\u00e3 Tima Linares Delgado, Moayad Othman, Mobolaji Oludara, Modise Zacharia Koto, Mohamad Baheeg, Mohamad Bakhaidar, Mohamad Jeffrey Bin Ismail, Mohamed A Abdelaziz, Mohamed A Amer, Mohamed A Baky Fahmy, Mohamed Abbas, Mohamed Abd El Slam, Mohamed Abdelaty, Mohamed Abdelaty Mohamed, Mohamed Abdelkhalek, Mohamed Abdelraheim, Mohamed Abozaid, Mohamed Abozed Abdullah, Mohamed Abuseif, Mohamed Adel Badenjki, Mohamed Ali Ghonaim, Mohamed Ali Mahmoud, Mohamed Ameen, Mohamed Ammar, Mohamed Asal, Mohamed Awad Elkarim Hamad Mohamed, Mohamed Dablouk, Mohamed El Halawany, Mohamed Elazoul, Mohamed Elbermawy, Mohamed Elfil, Mohamed Elsehimy, Mohamed Elzayat, Mohamed Etman, Mohamed F Zalabia, Mohamed Fares, Mohamed Fawzy Mahrous Badr, Mohamed Fouad Hamed, Mohamed Gadelkarim, Mohamed Ghoneem, Mohamed Gulamhussein, Mohamed Hafez, Mohamed Hashish, Mohamed Hassab Alnaby, Mohamed Husseini, Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohamed Ismail, Mohamed Karkeet, Mohamed Kelany, Mohamed Mabrouk, Mohamed Magdy, Mohamed Mahmoud, Mohamed Moamen Mohamed, Mohamed Moaty, Mohamed Mostafa, Mohamed Mustafa, Mohamed Nashat, Mohamed Nazir, Mohamed Reda loaloa, Mohamed Rezal Abdul Aziz, Mohamed Sabry Ammar, Mohamed Salah, Mohamed Salah Elhelbawy, Mohamed Seisa, Mohamed Shaalan, Mohamed Sleem, Mohamed Sobhi Jabal, Mohamed Youssef, Mohamed Zidan, Mohamedraed Elshami, Mohammad Abdulkhalek Habeeb, Mohammad Aboraya, Mohammad Adawi, Mohammad Alherz, Mohammad Aliyu, Mohammad Elsayed Omar, Mohammad Ghannam, Mohammad Ghassan Alwafai, Mohammad Mohsin Arshad, Mohammad Rashid, Mohammadasim Amjad, Mohammed Alamoudi, Mohammed Alhendy, Mohammed AlRowais, Mohammed Alsaggaf, Mohammed Alzahrani, Mohammed Bukari, Mohammed Deputy, Mohammed Elgheriany, Mohammed Elsayed, Mohammed Elshaar, Mohammed Elsiddig, Mohammed Firdouse, Mohammed G. Azizeldine, Mohammed Hanafy, Mohammed Ismail, Mohammed Kamal Ismail, Mohammed Mousa, Mohammed Mousa Salem, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan Mohammed, Mohammed Mustafa Mohammed, Mohammed Najjar, Mohammed Nasr, Mohammed Osman, Mohammed Osman Dablouk, Mohammed Saeed, Mohammed Saleh A. Alghamdi, Mohammed Ubaid Alsaggaf, Mohammed Yahia Mohamed Aly, Mohannad Aledrisy, Mojolaoluwa Olugbemi, Mona Hamdy Madkor, Mona Hosh, Mona Rashad, Monica Bassem, Monique Moron Munhoz, Monty Khajanchi, Morgan Haines, Morvarid Ashtari, Mostada Samy, Mostafa Abdelkader, Mostafa Ahmed Bahaa Eldin, Mostafa Allam, Mostafa Gemeah, Mostafa Mahmoud Eid, Mostafa Qenawy, Mostafa Samy, Mostafa Seif, Mostafa Shalaby, Mousa Mustafa, Moustafa Ibrahim Mahmoud, Moustafa R. Aboelsoud, Msafiri Kimaro, Muayad Ahmed Alfarsi, Muhamed M H Farhan-Alanie, Muhammad Adil, Muhammad Alkelani, Muhammad Amsyar Auni Lokman, Muhammad Bin Hasnan, Muhammad Daniyan, Muhammad El-Saied Ahmad Muhammad Gohar, Muhammad Fathi Waleed Omar, Muhammad Habib Ibrahim, Muhammad Mohsin Furqan, Muhammad Rashid Minhas Qadir, Muhammad Saqlain, Muhammad Shawqi, Muhammad Talha Butt, Muhammad Taqiyuddin Yahaya, Muhammad Waqar, Muhammed Masood Riaz, Muhammed Talaat, Muhtarima Haque, Muna Rommaneh, Murad Aljiffry, Murat Karakahya, Musah Yakubu, Muslimat Alada, Mustafa Farhad, Mustafa Mohammed Taher, Muthukumaran Rangarajan, Muwaffaq Mezeil Telfah, Myint Tun, Myranda Attard, Nada Ahmed Reda Elsayed, Nada El-Sagheer, Nada Elzahed, Nada Mohamed Bekhet, Nader Abd El Hamid, Nadia Khalid Abd El-Latif, Nadia Ortiz, Nadin Elsayed, Nadya Johanna, Nahilia Carrasco, Najwa Nadeem, Naomi J Wright, Napoleon Mendez, Narimantas E. Samalavicius, Nashat Ghandora, Nasir Bustangi, Natale Di Martino, Natalie Blencowe, Natalie Redgrave, Nathalie Botto, Nathania Sutandi, Nawal Sadig, Nazmie Kariem, Nebil Behar, Nebiyou Seyoum Abebe, Nebyou Seyoum, Nebyou Seyoum Abebe, Neel Gobin, Neel Limaye, Neerav Aruldas, Nehal Yosri Elsayed Abdel-Wahab, Neil Smart, Nelson Manuel Urbina Rojas, Nelson Msiska, Nerijus Kaselis, Nermeen Soubhy El-Shahat, Nermin M Badwi, Nermin Mohamed Badwi, Nesma Elfouly, Nicholas Phillips, Nichole Starr, Nicola Chetta, Nicola Zanini, Nicolas Henric, Nicole D'aguzan, Nicole Grech, Nicoleta Panait, Nicoletta Leone, Nicol\u00f2 Falco, Nidhi Gyanchandani, Nigel J Hall, Nihaal Shaikh, Niiarmah Adu-Aryee, Nik Azim Nik Abdullah, Nik Ritza Kosai, Nikica Pezelj, Nikki Green, Nikolaos Gouvas, Nikolaos Ivros, Nikolaos Mitroudis, Nikolaos Nikoloudis, Nikolaos Zampitis, Nithya Niranjan, Niveshni Maistry, Noha Abdullah, Noha Abdullah Soliman, Noha Maraie, Noha Wael, Nohad Osman, Noman Shahzad, Nora Abdul Aziz, Norah Al Subaie, Noran Abdel-Hameed, Noran Halim El Gendy, Norbert Uzabumwana, Norberto Herrera, Norma Depalma, Nosisa Sishuba, Nouf Akeel, Noura A. Attallah, Nourhan Adam, Nourhan Anwar, Nourhan Elsabbagh, Nourhan Medhat Elhadary, Nourhan Mesbah, Nourhan Semeda, Nourhan Soliman, Novia Adhitama, Nowrin F. Aman, Nuno Muralha, Nur Zulaika Riswan, Nurlaila Ayu Purwaningsih, Nyawira Ngayu, Octavio Garaycochea, Oday Halhouli, Ogechukwu Taiwo, Ola Sherief Abd El Hameed, Olabisi Osagie, Olabode Oshodi, Olajide Abiola, Olalekan Ajai, Oliver Warren, Oliver Ziff, Olivier Abbo, Olivier Azzis, Olivier Rosello, Olubukola Faturoti, Olufemi Habeeb, Olumide Elebute, Oluseyi Ogunsua, Oluwaseyi Adebola, Oluwatomi Odutola, Omar Abdelkader, Omar Abdulbagi, Omar Aguilera, Omar Alahmady, Omar Arafa, Omar Ghoneim, Omar Hesham, Omar Mattar, Omar Moussa, Omar Osman, Omar Salah, Omar Saleh, Omnia Aboelmagd, Omnia Mosalum, Omobolaji O Ayandipo, Omolara Faboya, Omolara Williams, Opeoluwa Adesanya, Orestis Ioannidis, Osaid H. Alser, Osama Algohary, Osama Mohamed, Osama Mohamed Salah, Osama Mokhtar Mohamed Hassan, Osama Saadeldeen Ebrahim, Osama Seifelnasr, Osman Imoro, Ossama Al-Obaedi, Otto Coyoy-Gaitan, Ourdia Bouali, Owusu Emmanuel Abem, Oyediran Kehinde Timothy, Oyindamola Oshati, Pablo Ramazzini, P\u00e5l Aksel N\u00e6ss, Pamphile A Assouto, Panchali Sarmah, Pandi Eduard, Panu Mentula, Paola Salusso, Paola Violi, Paolino De Marco, Paolo Aonzo, Paolo Silvani, Paolo Ubiali, Patrizio Mao, Paul Kielty, Paul Sutton, Paul Ugalde, Paul Witherspoon, Paul Wondoh, Pauline Gastaldi, Paulius Karumnas, Paulius Kondrotas, Paulo Alves Bezerra Morais, Pedro Angel Toribio Orbegozo, Peep Talving, Pei Ying Koh, Per Weber, Per-Olof Lundgren, Peter Deutschmann, Peter Labib, Peter Wiel Monrad-Hansen, Petras Vi\u0161inskas, Phebe Anggita Gultom, Philip Alexander, Philip Choi, Philip Mshelbwala, Philip Taah Amoako, Philippe Buisson, Phoebe De Bono, Phumudzo Ndwambi, Pier Paolo Grandinetti, Piergiorgio Danelli, Pierpaolo Sileri, Pietra Ligure, Pietro Mingrone, Pigeneswaren Yoganathan, Piotr Major, Poddevin Francois, Povilas Ignatavicius, Povilas Mazrimas, Prasad Pitigala Arachchi, Pratik Jain, Prince Kwakyeafriyie, Prisca A.L. Har, Pui Xin Chin, Puneet Malik, Puyearashid Nashidengo, Qinyang Liu, Quentin Alimi, Quentin Ballouhey, Quinn Ellison, R. Goh Ern Tze, Rachel King, Rachel Moore, Radhian Amandito, Radin Mohd Nurrahman Radin Dorani, Rafael Araujo, Rafael Soley, Rafa\u0142 Roszkowski, Raffaele Galleano, Ragavan Narayanan, Ragnar Herikstad, Rahma Kamil, Rajeev Satoskar, Rakan Kabariti, Ralph F Staerkle, Ram Nataraja, Ramadan Oumer, Ramadan Shaker, Ramdan Shaker, Ramesh Jonnalagadda, Ramon Alvarado Jaramillo, Ram\u00f3n Augusto Melo Cardozo, Rana Mamdouh, Rana Saadeh, Raquel Rodr\u00edguez-Ur\u00eda, Raquillet Claire, Rasha Abdelhamed, Razvan-Matei Bratu, Reda \u017dilinskien\u0117, Redouane Mammar Bennai, Reem Alyahya, Reem Fakher, Reem Husseiny, Reem Khreishi, Reem Mohammed Hassan Balila, Rehab Elashry, Reham Alaa El-Din, Reham Alshareef, Reham Saad, Renato Melo, Reuban D'cruz, Reuben Goh Ern Tze, Reynu Rajan, Rezaul Karim, Ricardo Velasquez, Richard Gilbert, Richard Lilford, Richard Opoku-Agyeman, Richard Spence, Richard William Gilbert, Richmond Hagan, Rifan Alyami, Riinu Ots, Ritauras Rakauskas, Roaa Khan, Robert George, Robert Karlo, Robert Kerley, Robert Mcintyre, Robert Morton, Robert Parker, Robert Tyler, Roberta Bugeja, Roberta Tutino, Roberta Villa, Robertas Baltrunas, Robertas Pranevicius, Roberto Cautiero, Roberto Cirocchi, Roberto Faccincani, Roberto Klappenbach, Roberto Macchiavello, Roberto Peltrini, Roberto Schiavone, Robinson Mas, Roel Matos-Puig, Rofida Elsemelawy, Roger Lawther, Roger Schmid, Rohan Ardley, Rohi Shah, Rokas Rackauskas, Rokayah Julaihi, Rokia Sakr, Roland Osuoji, Romeo Guevara, Romeo Lages Simoes, Romualdas Riauka, Ronald Coasaca Huaraya, Ronald Renato Barrionuevo Ojeda, Ronan Cahill, Rony Camacho, Rory Callan, Rosario Sacco, Rose Khreishi, Rosie Mcdonald, Ross Bowe, Ross Coomber, Rowida Elmelegy, Roxanne Chenn, Roy Quek, Rub\u00e9n Balmaceda, Rub\u00e9n Dar\u00edo Arias Pacheco, Ruben Rivas, Ruben Santiago Restrepo Giraldo, Rudy Gunawan, Rula Zaa'treh, Ruqaya Kadhim Mohammed Jawad Al-Hasani, Ruta Mazelyte, Ruth Blanco, Ruth Gratton, Ruth Scicluna, Ryan Adams, Ryan Choon Kiat Tan, Ryan Mcintosh, S.V. Kinnera, Saad Al Awwad, Sabbir Karim, Sabine Irtan, Sabrina Asturias, Sabrina Dardenne, Sabry Mohy Eldeen Mahmoud, Safia Ali, Safwat Al-Nahrawi, Saged Elsherbiney, Sahar Abdoun Ishag Idris, Sahar Jaber, Sahlu Wondimu, Saiba Abdul-Latif, Said Alyacoubi, Sakhaa Hanoun, Saleem El-Rabaa, Saleh A. Alnuqaydan, Saleh Alqahtani, Salim Anderson Khouri Ferreira, Sally Elshanwany, Sally Hallam, Salma Magdy, Salma Mansour, Salma Said Elkolaly, Salman Aldhafeeri, Salomone Di Saverio, Salwa Khallaf, Sam Arman, Sam Debrah, Sam Seisay, Samaa Mahmoud Al Attar, Samah Afana, Samantha Corro-Diaz Gonzalez, Samar Abdelhady, Samar Adel Ismail, Samar Saad, Samar Soliman, Sameer Kushwaha, Sameh Emile, Sameh Sarsik, Sami Martin Sundstrom, Samson Olori, Samuel Essoun, Samuel Nigo, Samuel Osei-Nketiah, Samuel S. Y. Sii, Samuel Sani Ali, Sandip Kumar, Sandra Ahlqvist, Sandrine Kwizera, Sandro Pasquali, Sani Ali Samuel, Sanju Sobnach, Santiago Villalobos, Sara Abd Elmageed Barakat, Sara Ahmed, Sara Al-saqqa, Sara Amr Mohamed Farouk, Sara Arafa, Sara Ayad, Sara Elhamouly, Sara Etienne, Sara Ghanem, Sara Kharsa, Sara Mahmoud Abdel-Kader, Sara Mamdouh Matter, Sara Mar\u00eda Contreras M\u00e9rida, Sara Mehrez, Sara Mohammed, Sara W Al-Saqqa, Sarah Abdelghany, Sarah Antar, Sarah Benammi, Sarah Braungart, Sarah Hafez, Sarah Rayne, Sarah Sahel, Sarah Samy, Saraibrahim Ahmed, Saskia Highcock, Saud Aljohani, Saulius Bradulskis, Saulius Mikalauskas, Savino Occhionorelli, Savni Satoskar, Sawsan Adel Awad, Sayed Sarwary, Sayeda Nazmum Nahar, Sayeeda Aktar Tori, Sayinthen Vivekanantham, Scott K D'amours, Sean Mizzi, Sebastian Bernardo Shu Yip, Sebastian King, Sebastian Shu, Sebastian Sierra, Sebastien Gaujoux, Sebestian Shu, Sefeldin Mahdi, Selina Chiu, Selina Man Yeng Chiu, Semay Desta, Serena Manfreda, Serge Kapenda Tshisola, Sergio Estupinian, Sergio Ribaldi, Sergio Zegarra, Servio Tulio Torres Rodriguez, Shadid Al Amin, Shadid Alamin, Shady Elhadry, Shady Hussein, Shady Mahmoud, Shagorika Talukder, Shahadatul Shaharuddin, Shahinaz Alaa El-Din, Shaimaa Aql, Shalon Guevara Torres, Shamsudeen Aliyu, Sharad Karandikar, Sharon Koh, Shaza Rabie Mohamed, Shereen Elsheikh, Sherif Shehata, Sherif Tariq, Shimaa Gamal, Shimaa Said Elkholy, Shireen Gaafar, Shirish Tewari, Shiva Dindyal, Shivanee Tharmalingam, Shorouk El Mesery, Shpetim Ymeri, Shravan Nadkarni, Shruti Ayyar, Shu Ning Kong, Shuang Yi Teo, Shyam Gokani, Shyang Yee Lim, Silje Holte, Silvia Basilic\u00f2, Silvia Boni, Silvia De Franciscis, Simon George Gosling, Simon Gosling, Simon Ng, Simon Stock, Simona Juciute, Simona Kasputyte, Simone Conci, Simone Sandler, Simone Targa, Sir Young Yam, Siti Mohd Desa Asilah, Siti Nur Alia Kamarulzamil, Sivasuriya Sivaganesh, Siyaka Itopa Suleiman, Siyi Chung, Soaad Elsobky, Sofia Mouttalib, Soha Abushamleh, Sohaila Elmihy, Soliman Magdy Ahmed, Sondos Turkustani, Sophian Hmila, South Africa, Srinivas Pai, Sriram Bhat, SS Prasad, Stassen Paul, Stavros Parasyris, Stefan Botes, Stefan Breitenstein, Stefan Zammit, Stefano Berti, Stefano Cucumazzo, Stefano M.M Basso, Stefano Roncali, Stella Binna Kim, Sten Saar, Stephanie Hiu-wai Kwok, Stephanie Van Straten, Stephen Dias, Stephen J Chapman, Stephen Kache, Stephen Mcaleer, Stephen R Knight, Stephen Tabiri, Steponas Petrikenas, Stuart J Fergusson, Styliani Parpoudi, Stylianos Germanos, Sudipta Roy, Sukrit Suresh, Sule Burger, Suleiman Baba, Sultan Almuallem, Sung-Hee Kim, Sunil Kumar, Suparna Das, Suraya Bahar, Susan Aviles, Susan Limache, Susan Wndy Mathew, Susana Yrma Aranzabal Durand, Svetlana Doris Brincat, Swantje Kruspi, Swapnil Roy, Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan Ali, Syed Altaf Naqvi, Syed Asaat ul Razi, Sylvia Batista Lemaire, Sylvie Mochet, Syrine Rekhis, T Ariani Widiastini, Tagang Ebogo Ngwa, Taha Yusufali, Taher Al-taher, Tahir Muhammad Yaseen, Tahir Yaseen, Tahira Naqvi, Taiwo Akeem Lawal, Taiwo Lawal, Tan Arulampalam, Tanzeela Gala, Tapan Kumar, Tara Grima, Tarek Ezzat, Tarek Razek, Tasneem Idress, Tasnia Hamid Kanta, Tatsiana Shachykava, Taufiq Khan, Tebian Hassanein Ahmed Ali, Tessa Fautz, Tewodros Worku, Thamer Nouh, Thays Brunelli Pugliesi, Thea Dimech, Thelma Tembo, Thelma Xerri, Theodore Pezas, Theodosios Theodosopoulos, Thiago Fernandes Giuriato, Thierry Alihonou, Thomas Feidantsis, Thomas Fozard, Thomas G Weiser, Thomas M Drake, Thomas Olagboyega Olajide, Thomas Pinkney, Thomas Prudhomme, Thomas Sherman, Thomas Tetens Moe, Thuraya Alzayat, Thusitha Sampath Hettiarachchi, Tien Seng Bryan Lee, Timothy White, Tina Gaarder, Tobias Schuetz, Todisoa Emmanuella Christina Tolotra, Tolg Cecilia, Tom AM Malik, Tom Arthur, Tom Falconer Hall, Tomas Abaliksta, Tomas Jankus, Tomas Po\u0161kus, Tommaso Bocchetti, Tommaso Campagnaro, Tommaso Fontana, Tony Mak, Toqa Khafagy, Torhild Veen, Trude Beate Wold, Tsz-Yan Katie Chan, Tuan Nur'Azmah Tuan Mat, Tunde Sholadoye, TWC Mak, Tyler Rouse, Tzu-Ling Chen, Uday Muddebihal, Ufuk Karabacak, Ulf Gunnarsson, Ulf Gustafsson, Umar Muktar, Umberto Tedeschi, Umme Salma, Usama Hantour, Uthman Alamoudi, Valdemaras Jotautas, Valentine Parent, Vanessa Dina Palomino Castillo, Vanessa Msosa, Vania Guglielmo, Vania Silvestri, Vasileios Despotidis, Vasileios Kalles, Vasiliki Soulou, Vassilis Kalles, Veereanna Shatkar, Venerand Barendegere, Veronica Grassi, Veronica Lazzari, Vicky Jennings, Victor Dassah, Victor Etwire, Victor Kong, Victor Manuel Quintero Riaza, Victor Nwinee, Victoria K Proctor, Vijaid Upadhyaya, Vijay Gadhvi, Viktorija Ambrozeviciute, Viktorija Nevieraite, Ville Sallinen, Vimalakanthan Thanusan, Vincas Jonas Banaitis, Virgilijus Beisa, Viviana Sollazzo, Vivien Graffieille, Vizir Jean Paul Nsengimana, Vladimir Khokha, Vu Thanh Hien Le, Vytautas Gai\u017eauskas, Vytautas Lipnickas, Wahid Anwer, Wai Cheong Soon, Wai Him Lam, Wairimu Ndegwa, Waleed Thabet, Walid Adham, Walter Forno, Walter Ruiz Panez, Wan Nurul \u2018Ain Wan Mohd Nasir, Wanigasekara Senanayake Mudiyanselage Kithsiri Janakantha Senanayake, Ward Hamsho, Wasim Dar, Wedyan Alhazmi, Wei Guo, Weiguang Ho, Weihei Dao, Wendy Leslie Messa Aguilar, Wennweoi Goh, Wifanto Saditya Jeo, Wilfredo Pino, William Appeadu-Mensah, William Beasley, William Bonney, William Hutch, William J. Lossius, William Milligan, Willy Alcca Ticona, Wing Sum Li, Witold Chachulski, Xavier Delforge, Xianelle Rodriguez, Xinwei Low, Xue Wei Chan, Ya Theng Neo, Yacoubou Imorou Souaibou, Yahaya Ukwenya, Yahya Salama, Yaseen Rajjoub, Yasmein Ibrahim, Yasmin Abd-Elrasoul, Yasmin Elfouly, Yasmin Hegazy, Yasmin Soliman, Yasser Abd El Salam, Yee Wen Tan, Yehia Zakaria, Yella Reddy, Yi Koon Tan, Yi Ting Mok, Yih Jeng Cheong, Yiing Yee Gan, Yishan Der, Yogendra Praveen Mogan, Yomna Allam, Yomna Hosny Asar, Yong Yong Tew, Yousef Abuowda, Yousra El Shoura, Ysabel Esthefany Alejos Berm\u00fadez, Y\u00fccel Cengiz, Yuk Hong Eric Cheung, Yuksel Altinel, Yung Kok Ng, Yuri Macchitella, Yves Aigrain, Zaher Mikwar, Zahra Jaffry, Zain Ali Khan, Zainab Iftikhar, Zaynab M Elsayed, Zhongtao Zhang, Zi Hao Sam, Zigmantas Urnie\u017eius, Zilvinas Dambrauskas, Zineb Bentounsi, Zygimantas Tverskis.znac195_Supplementary_DataClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-023-43835-6, published 30 November 2023Correction to: In this article the affiliation \u2018Department of Geography, Planning, and Sustainability, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA\u2019 was incorrectly assigned to Kelsea Best. The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 6, June 2022, Pages 597\u2013603, https://doi.org/10.1093/stcltm/szac019This is a correction to: Huangfan Xie, Zhongjie Sun, Xiong Xiao, Defang Liu, Hailong Qi, Guoxiong Tian, Miao Chen, Ligong Chen, XunCheng Su, Transient Inhibition of the JNK Pathway Promotes Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Quiescence and Engraftment, In the originally published version of this article, the institutional affiliations labeled 1 and 2 were presented in the wrong order. These should have been presented as follows:1. State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China2. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaThis error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-31771-w, published online 22 March 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for Hijaz Ahmad. The correct affiliations are listed below.Section of Mathematics, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Corso Vittorio Emanuele II, 39, 00186 Roma, ItalyNear East University, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Near East Boulevard, PC: 99138 Nicosia/Mersin 10, TurkeyThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because  article  and Figs article , 3. ThesYM and JY agreed with the retraction. HJ, ZZ, DZ, BW, YY, ML, LD, HY, BG, ZL, FW, WS, CL, JZ, HZ, and JL either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed hydrocephalus (Cryptococcusmay exhibit unique clinical manifestations, such as gelatinous pseudocysts in the basal ganglia, cerebral cryptococcomas, leptomeningitis, cranial neuropathies, adhesive arachnoiditis, and obstructive hydrocephalus.A 37-year-old male patient presented with subacute paraparesis, urinary incontinence, and a sensory level of T8. An analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis (5 white blood cells/mmephalus , myelopephalus , and adephalus . Meningephalus , withouprotein 73 mg/dL,  glucose 5 mg/dL, tic acid .7 mmol/L"}
+{"text": "Depressive symptoms are a common feature of schizophrenia (SCH) and define bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD). Their emergence is related to altered neurotransmission at the serotonin receptors and potentially at dopamine D3 receptors.The aim of this analysis was to examine the efficacy of cariprazine (CAR) in treating depressive symptoms in SCH, bipolar depression (BD) and MDD.Clinical trials with randomised, double-blind, placebo (PLB)-controlled designs were included in these analyses. Data from 3 SCH  and 3 BD  studies were pooled. In MDD, add-on CAR to antidepressant treatment was evaluated against PLB in two studies  and Week 8 [NCT01469377] in MADRS total score (major depressive disorder).Altogether, 1466 SCH  patients were included in the pooled analysis. In the BD analysis, data from 1383  patients were pooled. In the MDD trials, there were 502 CAR  and 249 PLB-treated patients [NCT03738215], and 544 CAR  and 264 PLB patients in the other study [NCT01469377]. In SCH, CAR achieved significantly greater reductions than PLB on the Marder anxiety/depression factor domain : the effect was driven by 3 out of 4 items. In BD, CAR yielded significantly greater improvement on the MADRS compared to PLB , which was driven by 9 out of 10 items. In MDD [NCT03738215], CAR 1.5 mg/d add-on significantly alleviated depressive symptoms compared to PLB , while in the other MDD trial [NCT01469377], CAR 2-4.5 mg/d add-on produced significantly greater reductions than PLB .These findings indicate that CAR is an effective treatment option for the treatment of depressive symptoms independent of disease , being a transdiagnostic broad-spectrum treatment option.R. McIntyre Grant / Research support from: CIHR/GACD/National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Milken Institute, Consultant of: Lundbeck, Janssen, Alkermes, Neumora Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sage, Biogen, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Purdue, Pfizer, Otsuka, Takeda, Neurocrine, Sunovion, Bausch Health, Axsome, Novo Nordisk, Kris, Sanofi, Eisai, Intra-Cellular, NewBridge Pharmaceuticals, Viatris, Abbvie, Gedeon Richter, Recordati, Atai Life Sciences, Speakers bureau of: Lundbeck, Janssen, Alkermes, Neumora Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sage, Biogen, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Purdue, Pfizer, Otsuka, Takeda, Neurocrine, Sunovion, Bausch Health, Axsome, Novo Nordisk, Kris, Sanofi, Eisai, Intra-Cellular, NewBridge Pharmaceuticals, Viatris, Abbvie, Gedeon Richter, Recordati, Atai Life Sciences, R. Csehi Employee of: Gedeon Richter Plc., G. N\u00e9meth Employee of: Gedeon Richter Plc."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42702-0, published online 23 September 2023Correction to: In the original version of this Article Mahmoud Ashry was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Medical Physiology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt\u2019. Additionally, Khaled G. Abdel-Wahhab was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.\u2019 Their correct affiliations are listed below.Mahmoud Ashry:Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.Khaled G. Abdel-Wahhab:Medical Physiology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-42429-y, published online 21 September 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error, where the given names were not spelled out for the authors Filip De Ridder, Elisabeth De Waele, Nicole Hoornaert, Patrick Lacor, Rembert Mertens, Anne-Marie Vanbinst, Romain Meeusen, Guy Nagels, and Johan De Mey.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Remote assessment of disease and relapse\u2014Alzheimer\u2019s disease), IDEA-FAST  and Mobilise-D  aim to identify digital endpoints relevant for neurodegenerative diseases that provide reliable, objective, and sensitive evaluation of disability and health-related quality of life. In this article, we will draw from the findings and experiences of the different IMI projects in discussing (1) the value of remote technologies to assess neurodegenerative diseases; (2) feasibility, acceptability and usability of digital assessments; (3) challenges related to the use of digital tools; (4) public involvement and the implementation of patient advisory boards; (5) regulatory learnings; and (6) the significance of inter-project exchange and data- and algorithm-sharing.Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) and Huntington\u2019s disease (HD) are associated with progressive cognitive, motor, affective and consequently functional decline considerably affecting Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and quality of life. Standard assessments, such as questionnaires and interviews, cognitive testing, and mobility assessments, lack sensitivity, especially in early stages of neurodegenerative diseases and in the disease progression, and have therefore a limited utility as outcome measurements in clinical trials. Major advances in the last decade in digital technologies have opened a window of opportunity to introduce digital endpoints into clinical trials that can reform the assessment and tracking of neurodegenerative symptoms. The Innovative Health Initiative (IMI)-funded projects RADAR-AD ( The rapid advancement of technological developments allows entirely new approaches to assessing activities of daily living (ADL), sleep and fatigue, motor, cognitive, social, neuropsychiatric, and autonomous body functions with potential for both trials and clinical practice. The appeal lies in the objective, immediate and continuous measurement in both clinical and home settings, the reduction of visits to research or clinic facilities, the accessibility for under-served populations, the potential for better stratification and more personalised therapies, and the possibility to support otherwise time-intense clinical decisions with Artificial Intelligence (AI). This is of specific importance for Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), but also other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) and Huntington\u2019s disease (HD), with a predominantly slow progression over years as well as cognitive impairment and fluctuations, which reduce the validity of data from self-rated or one-time assessments.Functional decline is a significant indicator of progression of neurodegenerative diseases. A range of questionnaires have been developed to assess ADL . HoweverRADAR-AD  aims to identify and validate remote monitoring technologies (RMTs) to assess functional impairment in all stages of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. The study includes wearables and smartphone apps in the main study (n =\u2009232) and passive at-home sensors in a sub-study (n =\u200945). The RMTs measure a wide range of cognitive and functional domains, including spatial navigation, activity, sleep, speech, driving behaviour, and gait  aims to identify digital parameters in patients with PD and HD, and immune-mediated disorders, which are related to fatigue, sleepiness, and sleep quality. A pilot study  will be recruited at up to 24 sites across Europe.ot study , 7 has iMobilise-D  (n =\u2009600) and other diseases associated with mobility impairment  (racture) , 10.In this article, we will draw from the findings and experiences of these different IMI projects in discussing (1) the value of remote technologies to assess neurodegenerative diseases; (2) feasibility, acceptability and usability of digital assessments; (3) challenges related to the use of digital tools; (4) public involvement and the implementation of patient advisory boards to guide clinical trials in terms of protocol design, ethical issues, and selection and applicability of digital tools; (5) regulatory learnings; and (6) the significance of inter-project exchange and data- and algorithm-sharing .2.Technological advances in the last decade opened a window of opportunity to introduce digital endpoints into clinical trials. RMTs could provide a useful, objective way to measure decline by collecting data that correspond to various functional domains that are clinically relevant. They assess functional ability either passively  or interactively . The benefit of RMTs as compared to standard assessments, is that they are objective and can collect data in the real world continuously. They are ideally placed to potentially measure subtle functional changes that are prevalent among individuals in the early, preclinical stages of neurodegenerative diseases, where current methods of cognitive assessments lack the necessary sensitivity  and to cIn the three consortia, different functional domains were measured. Mobility, for example, was evaluated in various ways within the IMI projects. Mobilise-D applied both supervised (in the presence of study staff) and unsupervised testing using a standardised protocol. In addition to that, home mobility was evaluated using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) for 7 days at different time points. In RADAR-AD, mobility was evaluated using a supervised standardised protocol as well, and home mobility using a wrist-worn IMU for 8 consecutive weeks. In both RADAR-AD and IDEA-FAST, heart rate was measured using a wearable. Another functional domain assessed was sleep. IDEA-FAST and RADAR-AD both made use of an app to actively collect data on sleep, asking the participants daily about their fatigue, sleep pattern and quality. Moreover, sleep was measured passively: RADAR-AD made use of a portable EEG device, which a subset of participants wore every night for a month, while IDEA-FAST used a bed sensor with a force-sensitive piezo-electric film, placed under the mattress. Cognition has been addressed in a supervised standardised way in all consortia. Cognitive data was evaluated remotely using several smartphone apps in RADAR-AD and a web-based application of CANTAB in IDEA-FAST and both consortia collected passive information on smartphone use, including keyboard metrics and GPS location tracking.Future clinical trials will profit from these recent technological developments, which promise improved sensitivity and specificity of endpoint measures, better external validity, and the need of fewer visits to research or clinical facilities and smaller sample sizes due to more detailed datasets per participant.3.The use of RMTs can present challenges with respect to a range of aspects including the validity of measurements, related to sensitivity and specificity , data quality, e.g., choosing the right time granularity , data mi4.It becomes increasingly important to consider the feasibility, acceptance, usability, and ecological validity of digital endpoints in real-world settings. Few studies report on these factors and ageing populations are not well represented in RMT research , but areSome of these barriers became apparent in RADAR-AD. For example, engaging with RMTs led to some participants feeling discouraged, as they acted as a reminder for their declining cognition. Cognitive impairment also led to missing data, e.g., participants removed their wearables before going to bed, meaning sleep hygiene could not be tracked. Study partners are essential when it comes to reducing or overcoming (cognitive) barriers\u2014they help with charging/handling RMTs, provide emotional support, and remind participants to keep wearing/using RMTs. Overall, study partners are vital in the adherence and usability of digital tools in neurodegenerative diseases 5.Public Involvement (PI) is about involving people affected by the condition in all aspects of the research process as partners rather than as research participants , 34. PI All three consortia involved patients and, in the case of RADAR-AD, also carers in special advisory boards. They provided strategic input to various aspects of consortium activities throughout the projects, including: study protocols and participant-facing documents; digital health technology in general and digital assessments and outcomes in particular; feasibility, usability and acceptability of digital outcome assessment and how it can contribute to improved care; consultation around health technology assessment and regulatory acceptance of digital outcomes; ethical considerations, recruitment and retention strategies; and involvement in promotion activities about the impact and benefits of results. RADAR-AD and IDEA-FAST also collaborated with patient organisations and in IDEA-FAST, two additional groups consisting of patients, consortium members and representatives from patient organisations were formed to develop and review the project activities and to support the design of the two clinical studies.6.If digital endpoints are to be used in clinical trials aimed to achieve a market authorisation for medicinal products, it is of paramount importance that the endpoints are accepted by the regulatory authorities. In recent years, the use of RMT-based assessments has increased dramatically . HoweverIt is highly recommended for similar consortia to develop a regulatory strategy early on, to ensure that what is being developed will also be accepted in drug trials. It is important to plan for multiple Health Authority meetings utilising Innovation Task Force and EMA Qualification advice meetings as well as meetings with other major Health Authorities, as appropriate. Early advice on study design prior to protocol finalisation/study initiation would be highly desirable. Further development of clear guidance for the use of digital technologies in registration trials could remove some of the regulatory hurdles that currently complicate the development and use of novel improved endpoints .7.To extend and generalise individual project findings and foster deeper understanding of digital outcomes across neurodegenerative diseases, inter-project exchange and data sharing has gained significance. The full value of data collected in large research programmes can only be realised by enabling a wider set of analytics than is possible through individual consortia. This need is only heightened by the current rapidly expanding popularity in AI and Machine Learning research which relies on large datasets. Sharing resources allows for more rapid research to be undertaken, leading to greater efficacy in terms of advancing state-of-the-art than could be otherwise be achieved working on the data in isolation. For example, the sharing of speech data through DementiaBank  has enabwww.epnd.org) aims to accelerate the discovery of diagnostics and treatments for neurodegenerative diseases by removing barriers to data and sample sharing , which is in line with the FAIR  principlesWe argue that sustainability should be plannable and funded beyond the duration of a project, ideally via IMI-funded platforms, to guarantee a lasting impact and allow following projects to profit from the large data volumes produced by RMTs, previous experiences, including cross-learning about device selection and barriers/facilitators of using digital health technology, especially for studies that are targeting similar demographics and conditions.8.Technological advances and collaboration between IMI-funded and other consortia bring new opportunities to develop and introduce digital endpoints into clinical trials that can revolutionise the assessment and tracking of neurodegenerative symptoms. The digitalization of endpoints allows for objective, immediate and continuous measurement in both clinical and home settings, the reduction of visits to research or clinic facilities, greater accessibility for under-served populations, better stratification and more personalised interventions, and AI-supported clinical decisions.Dag Aarsland, Halil Agin, Vasilis Alepopoulos, Alankar Atreya, Sudipta Bhattacharya, Virginie Biou, Joris Borgdorff, Anna-Katharine Brem, Neva Coello, Pauline Conde, Nick Cummins, Jelena Curcic, Casper de Boer, Yoanna de Geus, Paul de Vries, Ana Diaz, Richard Dobson, Aidan Doherty, Andre Durudas, Gul Erdemli, Amos Folarin, Suzanne Foy, Holger Froehlich, Jean Georges, Dianne Gove, Margarita Grammatikopoulou, Kristin Hannesdottir, Robbert Harms, Mohammad Hattab, Keyvan Hedayati, Chris Hinds, Adam Huffman, Dzmitry Kaliukhovich, Irene Kanter-Schlifke, Ivan Koychev, Rouba Kozak, Julia Kurps, Sajini Kuruppu, Claire Lancaster, Robert Latzman, Ioulietta Lazarou, Manuel Lentzen, Federica Lucivero, Florencia Lulita, Nivethika Mahasivam, Nikolay Manyakov, Emilio Merlo Pich, Peyman Mohtashami, Marijn Muurling, Vaibhav Narayan, Vera Nies, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Andrew Owens, Marjon Pasmooij, Dorota Religa, Gaetano Scebba, Emilia Schwertner, Rohini Sen, Niraj Shanbhag, Laura Smith, Meemansa Sood, Thanos Stavropoulos, Pieter Stolk, Ioannis Tarnanas, Srinivasan Vairavan, Nick van Damme, Natasja van Velthogen, Herman Verheij, Pieter Jelle Visser, Bert Wagner, Gayle Wittenberg, and Yuhao Wu.http://mobilise-d.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/v9-logos_06.17.2022_Mobilise-D-consortium-members-names.pdf.Full membership of the Mobilise-D consortium is available on the website Wan-Fai Ng, Christopher Bull, John Isaacs, Chris Lamb, Alison Yarnall, Lynn Rochester, Silvia Del Din, Chloe Hinchliffe, David Halliday, Ashur Rafiev, Bing Zhai, Dan Jackson, Peter Gallagher, Victoria MacRa, Leigh Denley, Ellen Silva, Philip Brown, Helen Gallon, Sean Scott, Phillip McGrouther, Dean Miller, Darren Storey, Lee Briton, Walter Maetzler, Kirsten Emmert, Robert Goeder, Jennifer Kudelka, Corina Maetzler, Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Tanja Lange, Marie Bornhorst, Hanna Grasshoff, Stefan Schreiber, Sophia Hinz, Friso Muijsers, Kristina Brandt, Tina Hagen-Hurley, Robbin Romijnders, Clint Hansen, Linda Pialek, Kirstin Hansen, Johanna Graeber, Susanna Nikolaus, Florian Schrinner, Pia G\u00f6rrissen, Paula Cullen, Maren Williams, Andrea Pilotto, Alessandro Padovani, Sabrina Denardi, Giulio Bonzi, Marcello Catania, Valentina Chirico, Fiorenza Cavagnini, Christen Janneke van de Woude, Nynke Borren, Monique Devillers, Nicole Larmonie, Denise Schenk, Hans van Leeuwen, Jorina van der Salm, Iain McInnes, Neil Basu, Joe Galloway, Norelee Kennedy, Alexander Fraser, Hayley Connolly, Sadhbh Ni Mhidigh, Imelda Doolan, Cathal Linnane, Jacques Demotes-Mainard, Linda St\u00f6hr, Neshat Chareh, Hanna Schrinner-Fenske, Martina Esdaile, Alicja Szofer-Araya, Costantino Pitzalis, Michele Bombardieri, Louise Warren, Myles Lewis, Paul Giuliani, Sharon Palmer, Vicky Byers, Yi-Ke Guo, Kai Sun, Danilo Mandic, Mary Morrell, Siyao Wang, Florian Guitton, Yifeng Mao, Ailsa Hart, Shaun Power, Guanyu Tao, Benjamin Vandendriessche, Arno Bossaert, Rebeca Munoz, Hans De Clercq, Pierrick Arnal, Bertrand Fatus, Evgeniia Kurash, Maya Dorsey, Miles Parkes, Sree Subramanian, Louise Stockley, Rona Smith, Renata Schaeffer, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Kalifa, Jonathan Chauvin, Cl\u00e9mence Pinaud, Adrien Bennetot, Alexandra Belfiore, Laura Carrasco Marin, Mayca Mar\u00edn, Jennifer Jimenez, Miriam Grande, Susana Donate, Evert-Ben van Veen, Daniel Groos, Martin Boeckhout, Beatrice van der Velden, Olenka van Ardenne, Denis Groot, Nebo Savic, Irene Schluende, Franziska Klepka, Simon Beniston, Veli Stroetmann, Rainer Thiel, Daniel Schmidtmann, Karin Breuer, Jessica Paul, Shahan Tariq, Alexandra Prodan, Griselda Marku, Tiago Guerreiro, Andr\u00e9 Rodrigues, Diogo Branco, Livia Moreira, Carla Marques, H\u00e9lia Rodrigues, Fabio Roli, Davide Ariu, Stefania Casula, Battista Biggio, Luca Piras, Luca Didaci, Matteo Mauri, Joaquim Ferreira, Leonor Correia Guedes, In\u00eas Dias, Ana Teresa, Joana Costa, Mariana Matos, Teemu Ahmaniemi, Luc Cluitmans, Jani M\u00e4ntyj\u00e4rvi, Juha Kortelainen, Rajdeep Nath, Emmi Antikainen, Kinga Koski, Francesca Cormack, Michele Veldsman, Laura Keylock, James Dobson, Janet Griffiths, Nick Taptiklis, Julian Fierrez, Aythami Morales, Ruben Tolosana, Alejandro Pena, Luis Gomez, Rafael Oliveros, Ruben Vera-Rodriguez, DaQing Zhang, Xujun Ma, Mossaab Hariz, Pei Wang, Djamal Zeghlache, Jordi Evers, Laura Siepman, Martijn Niessen, Ralf Reilmann, Robin Schubert, Atbin Djamshidian-Tehrani, Grzegorz Witkowski, Halina Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, Malgorzata Dusza-Rowinska, Klaus Seppi, Katarina Schwarzova, Corinne Horlings, Samuel Labrecque, Anita Malik, Wolfram Rieneck, Maria B. Lauvsnes, Roald Omdal, Katrine Norheim, Svein Skeie, Anne Hjelle, Hilde Norvik, Dave Wenn, Mike Jackson, Luisa Avedano, Bella Haaf, Tatiana Negurita, Susanne de Bot, Carola Buitelaar, Kasper van der Zwaan, Laura Kuijper, Adrie van Weeghel, Ian Bruce, John McBeth, Liz Fay, Joanna Jozefiak, James Prior, Denise Faulkner, Ioannis Pandis, Nikolay Manyakov, Stefan Avey, Meenakshi Chatterjee, Kenneth Mosca, Cesar Calderon, Rana Rehman, Melissa Mendez-Nguyen, Lori Warring, Marc Walton, Bethany Paxson, Diana Koletzki, Shyla Jagannatha, Zhi (Carrie) Li, Drew Elias, Kai Langel, Dario Masullo, Matthew Roche, Victoria Zolfaghari, Sarah Weingast, Maurizio Facheris, Tony Bannon, Matt Czech, Jie Shen, Shiv Patel, Michelle Crouthamel, Josh Cosman, Sean Turner, Magnus J\u00f6rnt\u00e9n-Karlsson, Tim Ruckh, Folke Folkvaljon, J\u00f6rgen Jensen, Neil Newman, Susan Forda, Birgit Steckel-Hamann, David Dexter, Nikul Bakshi, Joe Mather, Seleen Ong, Carla Cox, Yiorgos Christakis, Hao Zhang, Carrie Nothcott, Elaine Borthwick, David Nobbs, Jens Schjodt-Eriksen, Sebastian Holst, Florian Lipsmeier, Jason Hannon, Nadir Ammour, Haneen Njoum, Hillol Sarker, Imane Brigui, Raolat Abdulai, Xavier Benain, Jimena Diaz DeLeon, Manon Cariou, Fabrice Bonche, Vincent Mittoux, Sheila Thomas, Caroline Zutterling, Juliette Muszka, Frederique Guilbert, Xavier Brusson, Gwenaelle Corre, Babak Boroojerdi, Coralie Domange, Phil Scordis, Kasper Claes, Valentina Ticcinelli, Chengliang Dai, Giovanni Campana, Sarah Bilali, Oliver Stumpp, Mireille Delval, David Marquet, Gwenaelle de Keyser, Claudia Mazza, Alexandra Auffret, Jeremy Edgerton, Juha Rouru,Minna Korolainen, Sammeli Liikkanen, Mikko Kuoppam\u00e4ki, Marina Lindford, Anssi M\u00e4kiniemi, Toni Sarapohja, Olavi Kilkku, Antonella Chiucchiuini, Brian Tracey, Dimitri Volfson, Tairmae Kangarloo, Francesco Onorati, Wojtek Piwko, Geert van Gassen, Todd Swick, Armella Escher, Pietro Artoni, Robert Latzman, Mike Chambers, Elizabeth Amstutz, Nick Bott, Laura Rosen, Ieuan Clay, Aiden Doherty, Sara Riggare, Dina de Sousa, Cate Titterton, Heather Hunter, Ulli Funken, Jill Shutt, Werner Rammele, Jean Heather, Paul Howard.A-KB and DA conceived the idea. A-KB wrote the initial draft. All authors contributed to the article and revised it critically for important intellectual content and approved the submitted version.RADAR-AD project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 806999. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA and Software AG. See www.imi.europa.eu for more details. This communication reflects the views of the RADAR-AD consortium and neither IMI nor the European Union and EFPIA are liable for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. Research of Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is part of the neurodegeneration research program of Amsterdam Neuroscience. Alzheimer Center Amsterdam is supported by Stichting Alzheimer Nederland and Stichting Steun Alzheimercentrum Amsterdam. The MOBILISE-D project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No. 820820. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA). The IDEA-FAST project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No. 853981. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA and associated partners.The AP received grant support from Ministry of Health (MINSAL) and Ministry of Education, Research and University (MIUR), from Airalzh Foundation, LIMPE-DSIMOV society and MI H2020 initiative (MI2-2018-15-06); he received speaker honoraria from Abbvie, Bial, Biomarin, Roche and Zambon Pharmaceuticals. W-FN has consulted for Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Abbvie, BMS, Sanofi, MedImmune, Janssen, Resolve Therapeutics and UCB. LR receives consultancy from MJ Fox Foundation and grant support from the EU, NIHR, MRC, PDUK, Dunhill Medical Trust, Cure Parkinson\u2019s Trust, EPSRC, MJ Fox Foundation. DA has received research support and/or honoraria from Astra-Zeneca, H. Lundbeck, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Evonik, Roche Diagnostics, and GE Health, and served as paid consultant for H. Lundbeck, Eisai, Heptares, Mentis Cura, Eli Lilly, Cognetivity, Enterin, Acadia, EIP Pharma, and Biogen. JC was employed by Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research (NIBR), Basel, Switzerland and GE was employed by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporations, Cambridge, MA, United States.The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher."}
+{"text": "The Bluebelle Wound Healing Questionnaire (WHQ) is a universal-reporter outcome measure developed in the UK for remote detection of surgical-site infection after abdominal surgery. This study aimed to explore cross-cultural equivalence, acceptability, and content validity of the WHQ for use across low- and middle-income countries, and to make recommendations for its adaptation.This was a mixed-methods study within a trial (SWAT) embedded in an international randomized trial, conducted according to best practice guidelines, and co-produced with community and patient partners (TALON-1). Structured interviews and focus groups were used to gather data regarding cross-cultural, cross-contextual equivalence of the individual items and scale, and conduct a translatability assessment. Translation was completed into five languages in accordance with Mapi recommendations. Next, data from a prospective cohort (SWAT) were interpreted using Rasch analysis to explore scaling and measurement properties of the WHQ. Finally, qualitative and quantitative data were triangulated using a modified, exploratory, instrumental design model.In the qualitative phase, 10 structured interviews and six focus groups took place with a total of 47 investigators across six countries. Themes related to comprehension, response mapping, retrieval, and judgement were identified with rich cross-cultural insights. In the quantitative phase, an exploratory Rasch model was fitted to data from 537 patients (369 excluding extremes). Owing to the number of extreme (floor) values, the overall level of power was low. The single WHQ scale satisfied tests of unidimensionality, indicating validity of the ordinal total WHQ score. There was significant overall model misfit of five items  and local dependency in 11 item pairs. The person separation index was estimated as 0.48 suggesting weak discrimination between classes, whereas Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 was high at 0.86. Triangulation of qualitative data with the Rasch analysis supported recommendations for cross-cultural adaptation of the WHQ items 1 (redness), 3 (clear fluid), 7 (deep wound opening), 10 (pain), 11 (fever), 15 (antibiotics), 16 (debridement), 18 (drainage), and 19 (reoperation). Changes to three item response categories  were adopted for symptom items 1 to 10, and two categories  for item 11 (fever).This study made recommendations for cross-cultural adaptation of the WHQ for use in global surgical research and practice, using co-produced mixed-methods data from three continents. Translations are now available for implementation into remote wound assessment pathways. BJS in 2019) to detect wound infections remotely after abdominal surgery over the telephone in global surgery research and practice. This tool can help to upscale telemedicine safely in low-resource environments.This mixed-methods study within the FALCON trial across six low-and middle-income countries used qualitative and state-of-the-art psychometric methods with Rasch analysis. The authors make recommendations for adaptation of a Wound Healing Questionnaire (originally published in  Delayed return to work, readmission or reoperation leads to substantial effects on quality of life during recovery, and has spill-over effects on mental, economic, and social well-being for patients6. This is particularly relevant in low-resource settings, where patients are more likely to suffer catastrophic expenditure around the time of surgery7. Consequently, research in SSI prevention has been prioritized by patients, researchers, and clinicians in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)8.Surgical-site infection (SSI) is the most common complication of abdominal surgery, and has a cross-societal, global impact on patients and their families9: directly, through delayed intervention for patients with active infection, and indirectly, by introducing bias to randomized studies that feed into best practice guidelines10. Postdischarge surveillance is therefore considered to be a key quality marker in SSI research and is an important component of postoperative care pathways10.Timely identification of SSI is essential in maintaining patient safety after hospital discharge. Missed SSI diagnoses or misclassification of SSI can directly and indirectly affect patient safety12. This instrument has, however, not yet been adapted for cross-cultural and cross-language implementation in LMICs. High-quality, contextually relevant tools for remote wound evaluation are urgently needed to build resilient and sustainable surgical systems and support safe upscaling of capacity during pandemic recovery14. They are also needed to reduce loss to follow-up and risk of attrition bias in randomized trials by developing contextually relevant pathways for remote assessment9.The Bluebelle Wound Healing Questionnaire (WHQ) was developed and validated in the UK in the English language to support postdischarge surveillance for SSI after abdominal surgeryThe aims of this mixed-methods study (TALON-1) were: to explore cross-cultural and cross-language equivalence, acceptability, and content validity of the WHQ across several LMICs; to assess the scaling and psychometric properties of the WHQ when used across different patient populations and subgroups using Rasch analysis; and to consolidate recommendations for adaptation of the WHQ for use in global surgical research by triangulating qualitative and quantitative data.15\u201317. The study used qualitative and quantitative data to explore the extent to which the WHQ measured SSI as a concept, and the parameters of the latent trait  in the target (low-resource context) and source  cultures. It then aimed to assess how accurately items could transfer meaning across languages18. Some adaptation of standard methodology was required to enable the qualitative phase to progress during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (Appendix S2). An overview of the study methodology is shown in Fig. 1 and detailed in Table 1.TALON-1 was a mixed-methods study embedded in an international randomized trial, conducted according to best practice guidelines, and co-produced with community and patient partners21, and PCORI recommendations16 for best practice in mixed-methods adaptation of outcome measures (PCORI checklist is available in Appendix S3). Primary data from FALCON were published in The Lancet in 202122. The protocol for TALON-1 was preregistered on the MRC Hubs for Trial Methodology Research database23 (Queen\u2019s University Belfast) (SWAT ID126) and published in Trials20.This study was reported with reference to recommendations from the Global Health Network for qualitative research in LMICs, the COREQ framework24, hosted at the University of Birmingham, UK, and held in line with General Data Protection Regulation principles.This study within a trial (SWAT) was first approved within the pragmatic multicentre factorial RCT testing measures to reduce SSI in LMICs  protocol by a University of Birmingham Research Ethics Committee (v1_0_substudies_v1_0. Reference: ERN_18-0230A). Additional approvals were then obtained from national, regional, and/or hospital-level ethics committees for selected centres in all participating countries, in accordance with local protocols. Written (or fingerprint) informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants. In the qualitative phase, an information sheet for was provided to all participants. Verbal consent was taken and recorded. Participant data were pseudonymized for storage securely within a password-protected NVivo\u00ae V12 data management system. In the quantitative phase, written (or fingerprint) informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants. Quantitative data were stored in a secure REDCap server1. FALCON provided a platform for this study both to identify eligible site investigators for interviews and focus groups, and for co-recruitment of patients to the embedded prospective cohort study.FALCON was a stratified, pragmatic, multicentre, 2 \u00d7 2 factorial trial testing two measures  to reduce superficial or deep skin infection after abdominal surgery in seven LMICs (NCT03700749)Appendix S426. The WHQ includes 19 items (18 items and 1 subitem) related to the construct of surgical wound healing, with 11 items  related to symptoms of SSI, and 8 items related to interaction with the treatment pathway for SSI. It was designed so that it could either be administered by a healthcare professional, or self-reported by patients27 . Two developers of the WHQ were collaborating members of the Study Management Group.The WHQ was developed with the aim of detecting postdischarge SSI after abdominal surgery, and validated in a large feasibility study within a pilot RCT (Bluebelle) in the UK, as summarized in 29. Participants were purposefully sampled from sites participating in the FALCON trial , with a view to including an information-rich mix of participants by sex, country, patient population , and experience in face-to-face and telephone follow-up assessments. These interviews aimed to explore the universality of the construct of SSI, cross-cultural relevance of concepts, and construct validity of the questionnaire18.Owing to the number of target languages for questionnaire in the host trial, cross-cultural adaptation was initially performed in English language. Structured interviews were conducted with two to three research staff in each country, according to a template from the Social Research Association based on WillisAppendix S5): item comprehension (patients\u2019 understanding of the idea and item), response mapping , retrieval , and judgement 29. Unstructured interview notes and a reflexive diary were also maintained as an additional data source. Coding was performed using a pragmatic qualitative approach informed by cognitive theory, by a clinician with training in relevant qualitative research methods and with 10 years\u2019 experience of working in international multicentre trials (Appendix S6). The reflexive diary supported interpretation of the interviewer\u2019s role as a questionnaire developer and the potential impact on data collection. To ensure credibility, member checking was undertaken with the final summary themes with representative participants and in-country consultants to ensure that meaning was correctly interpreted and maintained30.The topic guide was structured around four predefined categories . A new sample of participants (separate from those participating in interviews) was approached for the focus group phase. Where required, iterative adaptation of the WHQ was made until a point of saturation was reached according to accepted best practice principles for adaptation of instruments34. Recommendations from the qualitative phase were either made overall, specific to an individual item, or related to questionnaire administration. The focus group also included several investigators who were fluent in both the source and target language to serve as a baseline translatability assessment. Together, the process produced an English language questionnaire which had been adapted to broadly ensure cross-cultural equivalence across the participating countries, was acceptable to all national principal investigators, and highlighting potential translatability issues during cross-language adaptation. The procedures for remote, telephone administration of the WHQ were also explored using targeted questions based on investigators\u2019 experience within the FALCON trial.To check trustworthiness, one or two focus groups were then held with investigators from each country to review and discuss the thematic coding. The focus groups were held after the interviews had been completed to explore consensus and contrasting opinions between different stakeholders around themes emerging in the semistructured interviews. The overall objective was to obtain a single cross-culturally adapted questionnaire to move into cross-language adaptation34\u201336. This involved a seven-step process alongside clinicians directly involved in wound assessment  recruited to the FALCON trial were eligible. These included a broad range of abdominal operations with a predicted clean-contaminated, contaminated or dirty operating field, and a planned skin incision of greater than 5 cm. Operations could be performed for benign, malignant, trauma, or obstetric indications. Consent for an additional telephone follow-up call to administer the WHQ was taken at the same time as trial consent, using a targeted Informed Consent Form and Patient Information Sheet. Patient and community partners supported co-production of these resources to ensure culturally attuned language and delivery.Appendix S8. No minimum sample size was set, but a target of 100 patients per country was discussed with each of the national principal investigators for use in Rasch unidimensional measurement modelling, based on published recommendations37.Telephone administration of the translated WHQ was undertaken 28\u201330 days after surgery (in the 72 h before in-person follow-up) integrated into the host trial pathway. The telephone WHQ was administered by a researcher, doctor, or research nurse (non-consultant or attending grade), who was independent of the assessment for the trial primary outcome at 30 days after surgery. Optimization and quality assurance of WHQ administration is described in Appendix S9.A simple summary of Rasch methodology for the general reader is provided in 39. Individual items were assessed for excessive misfit  and response dependency (where items are related by more than just the underlying trait). Additionally, appropriate use of item response categories was checked using category probability curves and threshold mapping. Where probability curves were disordered, response categories were rescored and item fit was then re-examined. Where residual correlations between items were high, subtesting was carried out with re-evaluation of item and model fit. Differential item functioning (DIF) was examined for each item by country, language, and patient home location . Exploration of DIF was undertaken only where a subgroup included at least 50 complete WHQ responses.The Rasch unidimensional measurement model was fitted to examine the psychometric properties of the WHQ, identify anomalies in the data, and evaluate the extent to which the WHQ items are measuring the latent trait of wound infection40\u201343. Finally, there was a phase of proofreading, before completion of a final report of the adapted WHQ, and adoption of this version for further prospective validation. Data were also triangulated regarding measurement procedures to optimize future implementation of remote follow-up pathways.Qualitative and quantitative data were triangulated using data (between countries) and methodological  triangulation, adopting a modified, exploratory, instrumental design model. Triangulation was performed item by item to enable a final version of the instrument in both source (English) and target languages to be finalized and consolidated44.Patients and community members from LMICs were engaged in all phases of the design and delivery of this study. The interview topic guide was co-designed with input from a representative global surgery patient forum. Practicable methods for conducting interviews, and patient compensation for time in participation, were determined with the support of local community leaders. The Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public (GRIPP-2) short form was used to track and report the impact of CEITable S1 and treatment items in Table S2. Themes emerged relating to comprehension, response mapping, retrieval, judgement, and novel cross-cultural insights.In total, 10 structured interviews and six focus groups were arranged with a total of 47 investigators across six countries. They included 34 surgeons, five anaesthetists, and eight research staff caring for patients in both urban and rural populations, and across a range of abdominal surgery disciplines. Interview duration ranged from 34 to 112 min, and focus groups lasted from 92 to 126 min. There was a median of 11 (range 6\u201316) participants involved in the focus groups. Interview and focus group data from site investigators confirmed that the assumption of a universalist approach to SSI was acceptable, and that symptomology and treatment paradigms were shared across settings. No divergence from this was identified during thematic analysis. This was also explored with the CEI partners; together, they confirmed content validity across settings. No new domains or concepts related to symptoms or treatment of SSI arose, suggesting content validity across contexts. A summary of qualitative data are presented for symptom items in Translation was successfully completed in five target languages after the qualitative phase: French (Benin), Hindi (India), Kinyarwanda (Rwanda), Punjabi (India), and Tamil (India). For some potential languages of delivery, there was no written version of the dialect , and, on rare occasions, patients would travel a very long distance for treatment and spoke a language that was uncommon to the local area . Here, the questionnaire was translated ad hoc from English (source language) by the assessor in the cohort study.Table 2.An attempt was made to contact 655 patients in the cohort study across five countries, of whom five had died by 30 days (15 missing status). Of the 635 confirmed to be alive, 537 (84.5 per cent) were contactable for WHQ completion. Features of included patients are summarized in Table S3). Both analysis of principal components between positively and negatively loading items  and symptom and pathway items  suggested unidimensionality of the WHQ instrument in detection of SSI.The exploratory Rasch model was fitted using these data from 537 patients (369 excluding extremes) across five class intervals  and a poor person separation index . Conversely, Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 (with missing data excluded) demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, with a value of 0.86. There was a strong positive skew of person location values, with a mean(s.d.) person location of \u22122.91(1.05), demonstrating some mistargeting of the WHQ, as may be expected in a diagnostic or screening tool . The item location map reflected clinical severity, with 168 of 537 participants (31.3 per cent) at the floor of the scale (no signs or symptoms of SSI), and item locations reflecting degrees of infection at the ceiling .Overall, the model did not fit well, with a high probability of item\u2013trait interaction (\u03c7Table S4), but the person fit was acceptable (mean(s.d.) person fit residual \u22120.52(0.69)). Examination of individual-person fit did not reveal any significant misfit . There was a high degree of correlation and dependence between items with local dependency in 11 item pairs (Table S5).Five items  displayed significant misfit to the model (mean(s.d.) item fit residual \u22121.61(1.75))  by country in items 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, and 13, and non-uniform DIF by country in items 4, 10, 13, 16, 17, and 19 (Appendix S10). Where deductive cognitive themes or inductive cross-cultural themes arose, they were explored against individual item fit, dependency, and DIF in the Rasch model . Recommendations were made for cross-cultural adaptation for WHQ items 1 (redness), 3 (clear fluid), 7 (deep wound opening), 10 (pain), 11 (fever), 15 (antibiotics), 16 (debridement), 18 (drainage), and 19 (reoperation). When triangulating disordered threshold probabilities  with corroborating or conflicting qualitative data, a recommendation was made to move to three item response categories  for symptom items 1 to 10, and to two categories  for item 11 (fever). A summary of recommendations is displayed in Table 3, and the final adapted questionnaire in Appendix S11. Translated versions of the adapted WHQ are provided in Appendix S12.Triangulation of qualitative and quantitative data was performed item by item for the 11 symptom items (10 items and 1 subitem) and eight pathway items  with high data completeness .\u2018People were very impressed that I was calling them and still following up on the surgeries and were willing to talk very happily.\u2019 A summary of measurement procedures is shown in \u2018Early feedback that the questionnaire is highly acceptable to patients. Patients say they are receiving a \u2018VIP\u2019 treatment.\u2019 In total, 533 of 537 patients (99.2 per cent) reported the telephone WHQ pathway to be very satisfactory or satisfactory:Appendix S13.Often the telephone owner was a friend or relative (who was then able to connect the researcher directly to the patient) rather than the patient themselves , and commonly this was a mobile phone . In total, 154 of 537 (28.7 per cent) had a mobile phone with video capability. Feedback from CEI partners alongside interview data supported optimization of the telephone follow-up pathway for future implementation; this is presented in a toolkit available in Pathways for remote assessment of common complications after surgery in low-resource settings are essential in improving the safety and resilience of surgical care systems. This mixed-methods study made recommendations for cross-cultural and cross-language adaptation of the WHQ for use in LMICs, and improved its relevance across cultures and for patients with lower levels of health literacy. Conceptual equivalence, and content and construct validity was confirmed across languages using qualitative and translation methods. Unidimensionality, measurement properties, and use of the total WHQ score were seen to be valid within the Rasch framework, although the overall power of fit was low. The telephone pathway was demonstrated to be feasible and highly acceptable. Working with CEI partners, recommendations were made for optimization of telephone follow-up in research and postoperative surveillance programmes. This study provides a large, international, high-quality proof of concept for rapid adaptation and implementation of patient-reported measures in emerging global health arenas such as surgery.The use of mixed methods here added strength and depth. The qualitative data were used primarily to inform cross-cultural adaptation ahead of translation. Although this was based on cognitive theory, data were collected indirectly about patient experience from frontline clinicians involved in wound assessment. The Rasch analysis supplemented this, and allowed patient-level data to enrich and inform final recommendations for adaptation. In a majority of instances, the qualitative and quantitative data were supportive of one another, demonstrating coherence during triangulation. Where conflict arose, qualitative findings were softened and/or caveated .46. Here, its principal value was in confirming the validity of use of the total WHQ score as an ordinal scale and in enhancing understanding of the response structure and local dependency. Properties of the WHQ, however, make it a rather unusual application of the Rasch model. First, it is principally a diagnostic tool for SSI rather than an interval-level tool measuring a spectrum of severity of a latent trial. This was best seen in mistargeting of the WHQ to the study population, with many patients at the \u2018floor\u2019 adding low information value to the model, as would be expected in a screening tool (where many patients are asymptomatic). This reduced the overall power of fit as many participants contributed little information about item locations. Second, as expected in a diagnostic test, many items had high levels of local dependency, which may have contributed to the overall model misfit. Third, several items misfit the Rasch model and the person separation index was poor, with a conversely high Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 value. Again, this is highly likely to be due to the extreme \u2018floor\u2019 of respondents in the setting of a diagnostic tool. It was not the overall aim to fit this diagnostic tool closely to the Rasch model, and it would not be required to be valid for use if it demonstrated a satisfactory psychometric structure, unidimensionality, and sufficient sensitivity and specificity upon clinical application. This highlights the importance of further work to validate the tool externally in a diagnostic test accuracy study.Rasch analysis is an established method for instrument development and cross-cultural refinementExploring complex relationships between items and optimizing the measurement properties using subtesting and adjusting for DIF was not the aim here, but warrants further investigation. It is feasible that the instrument could be simplified, or its diagnostic accuracy could be improved using Rasch by better accounting for differences in the symptomology and health-seeking behaviours of patients with SSI across countries. DIF by country observed for several items here supports methods to ensure balance in randomized trials, such as stratification or minimization of randomization by country.29. Sampling of researchers directly involved in the same portfolio of trials was a pragmatic decision, but may have reduced the transferability of themes across other hospital types , resource settings  or differing populations . Thematic saturation overall was aimed for when ending recruitment to the qualitative phase, but this is unlikely to have been reached at an individual-country level47. It is, therefore, possible that important insights were missed during adaptation, although recommendations were strengthened by triangulation with quantitative data to reduce over-reliance on qualitative data alone40. Second, related to analysis, as the WHQ did not meet all the Rasch assumptions for model fit, a logit-adjusted scale was not developed. Further development could improve the measurement properties of the questionnaire to allow direct patient-to-patient comparisons in future research. Complex patterns of DIF in measurement that could lead to differences in point score equivalence across different patients with differing characteristics when applied clinically were not taken into account. Finally, related to interpretation, the most important metric of clinical utility in a screening tool such as this would be diagnostic test accuracy. A formal external validation study comparing the WHQ to a standard reference test for SSI is now required48. A choice of cut-off score for the adapted WHQ is likely to favour sensitivity to triage all patients with a likelihood of SSI to seek medical care.This study has several limitations. Owing to safety and ethical concerns during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, cognitive interviewing could not be undertaken directly with patients. Instead, aggregate perspectives of frontline clinicians involved in the care of surgical patients were explored. This meant that the data represented clinicians\u2019 impressions of patients\u2019 responses, and challenges in retrieval and judgement, rather than direct exploration with patients in typical cognitive interviewing49\u201351. Health technology assessments thus neglect important insights into quality of recovery and health utility that could affect policy decisions52. This study provides a proof of concept for rapid, pragmatic adaptation of instruments in the surgical setting that can be used across other measures and emerging contexts. Developing culturally attuned, remote follow-up pathways is particularly important during pandemic recovery in building resilience in resource-poor health systems54. The co-produced pathway for telephone follow-up in LMICs described here is ready for wider adoption. Recommendations from this mixed-methods study can now to be used for further exploration of the diagnostic accuracy of the adapted WHQ in low-resource contexts.The use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in low-income settings is complex; many instruments have not yet undergone cross-cultural and cross-language adaptation, and there is uncertainty about the feasibility of remote, digital methods. Although examples exist from established global health fields, such cardiovascular disease, few studies in global surgery have adopted PROMs to dateP Anachy, Amy Mathew, Josy Thomas, Philip V Alexander, Pradeep Zechariah, Neerav D Aruldas, Asif Mehraj, Hafsa Imtiyaz Ahmed, Rauf A Wani, Fazl Q Parray, Nisar A Chowdri, Antonio Ramos De la Medina*, Laura Martinez Perez Maldonado, Diana S Gonzalez Vazquez, Iran I Dur\u00e1n S\u00e1nchez, Maria J Mart\u00ednez Lara, Alejandra Nayen Sainz de la Fuente, Ana O Cortes Flores, Mariana E Barreto Gallo, Alejandro Gonzalez Ojeda, Monica E Jimenez Velasco, Luis Hern\u00e1ndez Miguelena, Reyes J Cervantes Ortiz, Gonzalo I Hernandez Gonzalez, Marco Hurtado Romero, Rosa I Hernandez Krauss, Luis A Dominguez Sansores, Alejandro Cuevas Avenda\u00f1o, Celina Cuellar Aguirre, Isaac Baltazar Gomez, Hector Ortiz Mejia, Alejandro Gonz\u00e1lez Ojeda, Oscar E Olvera Flores, Erick A Gonz\u00e1lez Garc\u00eda de Rojas, Kevin J Pintor Belmontes, Francisco J Barbosa Camacho, Aldo Bernal Hern\u00e1ndez, Laura Reyes Aguirre, Rub\u00e9n E Mor\u00e1n Galaviz, Clotilde Fuentes Orozco, Wenceslao G \u00c1ngeles Bueno, Fernando S Ramirez Marbello, Diego E Luna Acevedo, Michel Hern\u00e1ndez Valadez, Ana L Bogurin Arellano, Luis R Ram\u00edrez-Gonz\u00e1lez, Bertha G Guzm\u00e1n Ram\u00edrez, Eduardo Valtierra Robles, Ramona I Rojas Garc\u00eda, Jos\u00e9 V P\u00e9rez Navarro, Edgar J Cortes Torres, David R Dominguez Solano, Alberto N Pe\u00f3n, Roque D Lincona Menindez, Rozana Reyes Gamez, Maria C Paz Mu\u00f1oz, Orimisan Belie, Victoria Adeleye, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Oluwafunmilayo Adeniyi, Opeyemi Akinajo, David Akinboyewa, Felix Alakaloko, Oluwole Atoyebi, Olanrewaju Balogun, Christopher Bode, Olumide Elebute, Francis Ezenwankwo, Adesiyakan Adedotun, George Ihediwa, Jubril Kuku, Oluwaseun Ladipo-Ajayi, Ayomide Makanjuola, Samuel Nwokocha, Olubunmi Ogein, Rufus Ojewola, Abraham Oladimeji, Thomas Olajide, Iyabo Alasi, Oluwaseun Oluseye, Justina Seyi-Olajide, Adaiah Soibi-Harry, Emmanuel Williams, Agbulu Moses Vincent, Nnamdi Jonathan Duru, Kenneth Uche Onyekachi, Christiana Ashley, Chinelo Victoria Mgbemena, Moyosoluwa Ojo, Olowu Oluyemisi, Iyabode Ikuewunmi, Adeoluwa Adebunmi, Edet Glory Bassey, Ephraim Okwudiri Ohazurike, Olayide Michael Amao, Osunwusi Benedetto Oluwaseun, Emily Doris, Olutola Stephen, Christianah Gbenga-Oke, Olawunmi Olayioye, Olowu Oluyemisi, Kayode Oluremi, Esther Abunimye, Christianah Oyegbola, Olayade Kayode, Adeola Ayoola Orowale, Omolara M Williams, Olufunmilade A Omisanjo, Omolara M Faboya, Zainab O Imam, Olabode A Oshodi, Yusuf A Oshodi, Ayokunle A Ogunyemi, Olalekan T Ajai, Francisca C Nwaenyi, Adewale O Adisa, Adewale A Aderounmu, Funmilola O Wuraola, Oludayo Sowande, Lukman Olajide Abdur-Rahman, Jibril Oyekunle Bello, Hadijat Olaide Raji, Nurudeen Abiola Adeleke, Saheed Abolade Lawal, Rafiat Tinuola Afolabi, Abdulwahab Lawal, Okechukwu Hyginus Ekwunife, Ochomma Amobi Egwuonwu, Chisom Faith Uche, Abubakar Bala AB Muhammad, Saminu S Muhammad, Idris Usman IU Takai, Mohammed AS Aliyu Salele, Onyekachi G Ukata, Mahmoud Kawu MK Magashi, Lawal Barau LB Abdullahi, Bello Abodunde BA Muideen, Khadija A Ado, Lofty-John Chukwuemeka LJC Anyawu, Samson Olori*, Samuel A Sani, Olabisi O Osagie, Ndubuisi Mbajiekwe, Oseremen Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Godwin O Akaba, Lazarus Ameh, Lazarus Ameh, Francis o Adebayo, Martins Uanikhoba, Felix O Ogbo, Nancy O Tabuanu, Taiwo A Lawal, Rukiyat A Abdus-Salam, Akinlabi E Ajao, Augustine O Takure, Omobolaji O Ayandipo, Hyginus O Ekwuazi, Olukayode Abayomi, Olatunji O Lawal, Solomon Olagunju, Kelvin I Egbuchulem, Sikiru Adekola Adebayo, Peter Elemile, Usang E Usang, Joseph E Udosen, Expo E Edet, Akan W Inyang, Edima M Olory, Gabriel U Udie, Godwin O Chiejina, Adams D Marwa, Faith J Iseh, Sunday A Ogbeche, Mary O Isa, Uchechukwu O Ezomike, Sebastian O Ekenze, Matthew I Eze, Emmanuel O Izuka, Jude K Ede, Vincent C Enemuo, Okezie M Mbadiwe, Ngozi G Mbah, Alphonsine Imanishimwe, Sosthene Habumuremyi, Faustin Ntirenganya, JC Allen Ingabire, Isaie Ncogoza, Emmanuel Munyaneza, Jean de Dieu Haragirimana, Christian Jean Urimubabo, Violette Mukanyange, Jeannette Nyirahabimana, Emmanuel Mutabazi, Christophe Mpirimbanyi, Olivier Mwenedata, Hope Lydia Maniraguha, Emelyne Izabiriza, Moses Dusabe, Job Zirikana, Francine Uwizeyimana, Josiane Mutuyimana, Elisee Rwagahirima, Alphonsine Imanishimwe, Ronald Tubasiime, Aphrodis Munyaneza, Sosthene Habumuremyi, Salathiel Kanyarukiko, Gibert Ndegamiye, Francine Mukaneza, Jean Claude Uwimana, Pierrine Nyirangeri, Deborah Mukantibaziyaremye, Aime Dieudonne Hirwa*, Salomee Mbonimpaye, Piolette Muroruhirwe, Christine Mukakomite, Elysee Kabanda, Rachel Moore, Ncamsile Anthea Nhlabathi, Maria Fourtounas, Mary Augusta Adams, Gabriella Hyman, Hlengiwe Samkelisiwe Nxumalo, Nnosa Sentholang, Mmule Evelyn Sethoana, Mpho Nosipho Mathe,NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery: James Glasbey, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Alisha Bhatt, Bruce Biccard, Jane Blazeby, Peter Brocklehurst, Sohini Chakrabortee, JC Allen Ingabire, Francis Mo\u00efse Dossou, Irani Dur\u00e1n, Rohini Dutta, Dhruva Ghosh, Frank Gyamfi, Parvez Haque, Pollyanna Hardy, Mike Horton, Gabriella Hyman, Ritu Jain, Oluwaseun Ladipo-Ajayi, Ismail Lawani, Souliath Lawani, Mwayi Kachapila, Rachel Lillywhite, Rhiannon Macefield, Laura Magill, Janet Martin, Jonathan Mathers, Kenneth McLean, Punam Mistry, Rohin Mittal, Mark Monahan, Rachel Moore, Dion Morton, Moyo Ojo, Faustin Ntirenganya, Emmanuel Ofori, Rupert Pearse, Alberto Pe\u00f3n, Thomas Pinkney, Antonio Ramos de la Medina, Tubasiime Ronald, David Roman, Emmy Runingamugabo, Alice Sitch, Anita Slade, Donna Smith, Stephen Tabiri, Aneel Bhangu, James Glasbey, Anita Slade, Mike Horton, Rhiannon Macefield, Aneel Bhangu, Pollyanna Hardy, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Lawani Ismail, Dhruva Ghosh, Antonio Ramos de la Medina, Rachel Moore, Faustin Ntirenganya, Stephen Tabiri, Emmy Runingamugabo, Simin Patrawala, Angela Prah, Christian Oko, Karolin Kroese, Isma\u00efl Lawani, Francis Mo\u00efse Dossou, Corinne Dzemta, Covalic Melic Bokossa Kandokponou, Souliath Lawani, Hulrich Behanzin, Cyrile Kpangon, Bernard Appiah Ofori, Stephen Tabiri, Abdul-Hafiz Saba, Gbana Limann, Daniel Kwesi Acquah, Shamudeen Mohammed Alhassan, Sheriff Mohammed, Owusu Abem Emmanuel, Yakubu Musah, Yenli Edwin, Sheba Kunfah, Yakubu Mustapha, Abantanga Atindaana Francis, Emmanuel Ayingayure, Gbana Limann, Forster Amponsah-Manu, Eric Agyemang, Vera Agyekum, Esther Adjei-Acquah, Emmanuel Yaw Twerefour, Barbra Koomson, Ruby Acheampong Boateng, Ato Oppong Acquah, Richard Ofosu-Akromah, Leslie Issa Adam-Zakariah, Nii Armah Adu-Aryee, Theodore Wordui, Coomson Christian Larbi, Akosa Appiah Enoch, Mensah Elijah, Kyeremeh Christian, Addo Gyambibi Kwame, Boakye Percy, Kontor Effah Bismark, Gyamfi Brian, Manu Ruth, Romeo Hussey, Samuel Dadzie, Akosua Dwamena Appiah, Grace Yeboah, Cynthia Yeboah, James Amoako, Regina Acquah, Naa Anyekaa Sowah, Atta Kusiwaa, Esther Asabre, Cletus Ballu, Charles Gyamfi Barimah, Frank Owusu, Clement Sie-Broni, Vivian Adobea, Prince Yeboah Owusu, Marshall Zume, Abdul-Hamid Labaran, Raphael Adu-Brobbey, Martin Tangnaa Morna, Samuel A. Debrah, Patrick Opoku Manu Maison, Michael Nortey, Donald Enti, Mabel Pokuah Amoako-Boateng, Anthony Baffour Appiah, Emmanuel Owusu Ofori, Richard Kpankpari, Benedict Boakye, Elizabert Mercy Quartson, Patience Koggoh, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Joshua Arthur, Joseph Yorke, Christian Kofi Gyasi-Sarpong, Charles Dally, Agbenya Kobla Lovi, Michael Amoah, Boateng Nimako, Robert Sagoe, Anthony Davor, Fareeda Galley, Michael Adinku, Jonathan Boakye-Yiadom, Jane Acquaye, Juliana Appiah, Dorcas Otuo Acheampong, Iddrisu Haruna, Edward Amoah Boateng, Emmanuel Kafui Ayodeji, Samuel Tuffuor, Naa Kwarley, Yaa Tufuor, Ramatu Darling Abdulai, Fred Dankwah, Ralph Armah, Doris Ofosuhene, Dorcas Osei-Poku, Arkorful Ebenezer Temitope, Delali Akosua Gakpetor, Victoria Sena Gawu, Christopher Asare, Enoch Tackie, James Ankomah, Isaac Omane Nyarko, Zelda Robertson, Serbeh Godwin, Appiah Anthony Boakye, Godfred Fosu, Frank Assah-Adjei, Parvez Haque, Ritu Jain, Alisha Bhatt, Jyoti Dhiman, Rohini Dutta, Dhruva Ghosh, Esther Daniel, Priyadarshini K, Latha Madankumar, Rohin Mittal, Ida Nagomy, Soosan Prasad, Arpit Jacob Mathew, Danita Prakash, Priya Jacob, Jeremiah Zain Ally*, Margot Flint, Bruce Biccard, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Adewale O. Adisa, Aneel Bhangu, Peter Brocklehurst, Sohini Chakrabortee, Pollyanna Hardy, Ewen Harrison, JC Allen Ingabire, Parvez D Haque, Lawani Ismail, James Glasbey, Dhruva Ghosh, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Elizabeth Li, Rachel Lillywhite, Antonio Ramos de la Medina, Rachel Moore, Laura Magill, Dion Morton, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Faustin Ntirenganya, Thomas Pinkney, Omar Omar, Joana Simoes, Donna Smith, Stephen Tabiri, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Lawani Ismail, Dhruva Ghosh, Antonio Ramos de la Medina, Rachel Moore, Faustin Ntirenganya, Stephen Tabiri, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Aneel Bhangu, Felicity Brant, Peter Brocklehurst, Sohini Chakrabortee, Dhruva Ghosh, James Glasbey, Pollyanna Hardy, Ewen Harrison, Emily Heritage, Lawani Ismail, Karolin Kroese, Carmela Lapitan, Rachel Lillywhite, David Lissauer, Laura Magill, Antonio Ramos de la Medina, Punam Mistry, Mark Monahan, Rachel Moore, Dion Morton, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Faustin Ntirenganya, Omar Omar, Thomas Pinkney, Tracy Roberts, Donna Smith, Stephen Tabiri, Neil Winkles, Pollyanna Hardy, Omar Omar, Emmy Runigamugabo, Azmina Verjee, Pierre Sodonougbo, Pamphile Assouto, Michel Fiogbe, Houenoukpo Koco, Serge Metchinhoungbe, Hodonou Sogbo, Hulrich Behanzin, Djifid Morel Seto, Yannick Tandje, Sosth\u00e8ne Kangni, Cyrile Kpangon*, Marcelin Akpla, Hugues Herve Chobli, Blaise Kovohouande, G\u00e9rard Agboton, Rene Ahossi, Raoul Baderha Ngabo, Nathan Bisimwa, Covalic Melic Bokossa Kandokponou, Mireille Dokponou, Francis Mo\u00efse Dossou, Corinne Dzemta, Antoine Gaou, Roland Goudou, Emmanuel Hedefoun, Sunday Houtoukpe, Felix Kamga, Eric Kiki-Migan, Souliath Lawani, Isma\u00efl Lawani, Ren\u00e9 Loko, Afissatou Mouta\u00efrou, Pencome Ogouyemi, Fouad Soumanou, Pia Tamadaho, Mack-Arthur Zounon, Luke Aniakwo Adagrah, Bin Baaba Alhaji Alhassan, Mabel Pokuah Amoako-Boateng, Anthony Baffour Appiah, Alvin Asante-Asamani, Benedict Boakye, Samuel A Debrah. Donald Enti, Rahman Adebisi Ganiyu, Patience Koggoh, Richard Kpankpari, Isabella Naa M. Opandoh, Meshach Agyemang Manu, Maison Patrick Opoku Manu, Samuel Mensah, Martin Tangnaa Morna, John Nkrumah, Michael Nortey, Emmanuel Owusu Ofori, Elizaberth Mercy Quartson, Esther Adjei-Acquah, Vera Agyekum, Eric Agyemang, Rebecca Adjeibah Akesseh, Forster Amponsah-Manu, Richard Ofosu-Akromah, Ato Oppong Acquah, Leslie Issa Adam-Zakariah, Esther Asabre, Ruby Acheampong Boateng, Barbara Koomson, Ataa Kusiwaa, Emmanuel Yaw Twerefour, James Ankomah, Frank Assah-Adjei, Anthony Appiah Boakye, Godfred Fosu, Godwin Serbeh, Kofi Yeboah Gyan, Isaac Omane Nyarko, Zelda Robertson, Ralph Armah, Christopher Asare, Delali Akosua Gakpetor, Victoria Sena Gawu, Ambe Obbeng, Doris Ofosuhene, Dorcas Osei-Poku, Diana Puozaa, Enoch Tackie, Arkorful Ebenezer Temitope, Regina Acquah, James Amoako, Akosua Dwamena Appiah, Mark Aseti, Charles Banka, Samuel Dadzie, Derick Essien, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Romeo Hussey, Jemima Kwarteng, Naa Anyekaa Sowah, Grace Yeboah, Cynthia Yeboah, Kwame Gyambibi Addo, Enoch Appiah Akosa, Percy Boakye, Christian Larbi Coompson, Brian Gyamfi, Bismark Effah Kontor, Christian Kyeremeh, Ruth Manu, Elijah Mensah, Friko Ibrahim Solae, Gideon Kwasi Toffah, Dorcas Otuo Acheampong, Jane Acquaye, Michael Adinku, Kwabena Agbedinu, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Emmanuel Gyimah Amankwa, Michael Amoah, George Amoah, Juliana Appiah, Joshua Arthur, Alex Ayim, Emmanuel Kafui Ayodeji, Jonathan Boakye-Yiadom, Edward Amoah Boateng, Charles Dally, Anthony Davor, Christian Kofi Gyasi-Sarpong, Naabo Nuhu Noel Hamidu, Iddrisu Haruna, Naa Kwarley, Agbenya Kobla Lovi, Boateng Nimako, Bertina Beauty Nyadu, Dominic Opoku, Anita Osabutey, Robert Sagoe, Samuel Tuffour, Yaa Tufour, Francis Akwaw Yamoah, Abiboye Cheduko Yefieye, Joseph Yorke, Nii Armah Adu-Aryee, Faisal Adjei, Erica Akoto, Elikem Ametefe, Joachim Kwaku Amoako, Godsway Solomon Attepor, George Darko Brown, Benjamin Fenu, Philemon Kwame Kumassah, David Olatayo Olayiwola, Theodore Wordui, Nelson Agboadoh, Fatao Abubakari, Cletus Ballu, Charles Gyamfi Barimah, Guy Casskey Boateng, Prosper Tonwisi Luri, Abraham Titigah, Frank Owusu, Raphael Adu-Brobbey, Christian Larbi Coompson, Abdul-Hamid Labaran, Junior Atta Owusu, Vivian Adobea, Amos Bennin, Fred Dankwah, Stanley Doe, Ruth Sarfo Kantanka, Ephraim Kobby, Kennedy Kofi Korankye Hanson Larnyor, Edwin Osei, Prince Yeboah Owusu, Clement Ayum Sie-Broni, Marshall Zume, Francis Atindaana Abantanga, Darling Ramatu Abdulai, Daniel Kwesi Acquah, Emmanuel Ayingayure, Imoro Osman, Sheba Kunfah, Gbana Limann, Shamudeen Alhassan Mohammed, Sheriff Mohammed, Yakubu Musah, Bernard Ofori, Emmanuel Abem Owusu, Abdul-Hafiz Saba, Anwar Sadat Seidu, Stephen Tabiri, Mustapha Yakubu, Edwin Mwintiereh Taang Yenli, Arun Gautham, Alice Hepzibah, Grace Mary, Deepak Singh, Dimple Bhatti, William Bhatti, Karan Bir, Swati Daniel, Tapasya Dhar, Jyoti Dhiman, Dhruva Ghosh, Sunita Goyal, Ankush, Goyal, Monika Hans, Parvez Haque, Samuel Konda, Anil Luther, Amit Mahajan, Shalini Makkar, Kavita Mandrelle, Vishal Michael, Partho Mukherjee, Reuben Rajappa, Prashant Singh, Atul Suroy, Ravinder Thind, Alen Thomas, Arti Tuli, Sreejith Veetil, Esther Daniel Mark Jesudason, Priyadarshini K, Latha Madankumar, Rohin Mittal, Ida Nagomy, Rajesh Selvakumar, Bharat Shankar, Moonish Sivakumar, Rajeevan Sridhar, Cecil Thomas, Devabalan Titus, Manisha Aggarwal, Parth Dhamija, Himani Gupta, Vinoth Kanna, Ashwani Kumar, Gurtaj Singh, Philip Alexander, Josy Thomas, Pradeep Zechariah, Amos Dasari, Priya Jacob, Elizabeth Kurien, Arpit Mathew, Danita Prakash, Anju Susan, Rose Varghese, Rahul Alpheus, Ashish Choudhrie, Hemanth Kumar, Nitin Peters, Subrat Raul, Rajeev Sharma, Rakesh Vakil, Wenceslao \u00c1ngeles Bueno, Francisco Barbosa Camacho, Aldo Bernal Hern\u00e1ndez, Ana Bogurin Arellano, Edgar Cortes Torres, Clotilde Fuentes Orozco, Erick Gonz\u00e1lez Garc\u00eda de Rojas, Alejandro Gonz\u00e1lez Ojeda, Bertha Guzm\u00e1n Ram\u00edrez, Michel Hern\u00e1ndez Valadez, Diego Luna Acevedo, Rub\u00e9n Mor\u00e1n Galaviz, Oscar Olvera Flores, Jos\u00e9 P\u00e9rez Navarro, Kevin Pintor Belmontes, Fernando Ramirez Marbello, Luis Ram\u00edrez-Gonz\u00e1lez, Laura Reyes Aguirre, Ramona Rojas Garc\u00eda, Eduardo Valtierra Robles, Reyes Cervantes Ortiz, Gonzalo Hernandez Gonzalez, Rosa Hernandez Krauss, Luis Hern\u00e1ndez Miguelena, Marco Hurtado Romero, Isaac Baltazar Gomez, Celina Cuellar Aguirre, Alejandro Cuevas Avenda\u00f1o, Luis Dominguez Sansores, Hector Ortiz Mejia, Laura Urdapilleta Gomez del Campo, Claudia Caballero Cerdan, David Dominguez Solano, Rafael Toriz Garcia, Mariana Barreto Gallo, Ana Cortes Flores, Alejandro Gonzalez Ojeda, Monica Jimenez Velasco, Rozana Reyes Gamez, Roque Lincona Menindez, Alberto Navarrete Pe\u00f3n, Maria Paz Mu\u00f1oz, Ir\u00e1n Irani Dur\u00e1n S\u00e1nchez, Diana Samantha Gonz\u00e1lez V\u00e1zquez, Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ednez Lara, Laura Martinez Perez Maldonado, Alejandra Nayen Sainz de la Fuente, Antonio Ramos De la Medina, Lawal Abdullahi, Khadija Ado, Mohammed Aliyu, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Mahmoud Magashi, Abubakar Muhammad, Saminu Muhammad, Bello Muideen, Idris Takai, Onyekachi Ukata, Opeoluwa Adesanya, David Awonuga, Olushola Fasiku, Chidiebere Ogo, Moruf Abdulsalam, Abimbola Adeniran, Olalekan Ajai, Olukemi Akande, Kazeem Atobatele, Grace Eke, Omolara Faboya, Zainab Imam, Esther Momson, Francisca Nwaenyi, Ayokunle Ogunyemi, Mobolaji Oludara, Olufunmilade Omisanjo, Olabode Oshodi, Yusuf Oshodi, Yemisi Oyewole, Omotade Salami, Omolara Williams, Victoria Adeleye, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Oluwafunmilayo Adeniyi, Opeyemi Akinajo, David Akinboyewa, Iyabo Alasi, Felix Alakaloko, Oluwole Atoyebi, Olanrewaju Balogun, Orimisan Belie, Christopher Bode, Andrew Ekwesianya, Olumide Elebute, Francis Ezenwankwo, Adedeji Fatuga, George Ihediwa, Adesola Jimoh, Jubril Kuku, Oluwaseun LadipoAjayi, Ayomide Makanjuola, Olayanju Mokwenyei, Samuel Nwokocha, Olubunmi Ogein, Rufus Ojewola, Abraham Oladimeji, Thomas Olajide, Oluwaseun Oluseye, Justina Seyi-Olajide, Adaiah Soibi-Harry, Aloy Ugwu, Emmanuel Williams, Ochomma Egwuonwu, Okechukwu Ekwunife, Victor Modekwe, Chukwuemeka Okoro, Chisom Uche, Kenneth Ugwuanyi, Chuka Ugwunne, Akeem Adeleke, Wilson Adenikinju, Olumide Adeniyi, Akinfolarin Adepiti, Adewale Aderounmu, Abdulhafiz Adesunkanmi, Adewale Adisa*, Samuel Ajekwu, Olusegun Ajenjfuja, Jerrie Akindojutimi, Akinbolaji Akinkuolie, Olusegun Alatise, Olubukola Allen, Lukmon Amosu, Micheal Archibong, Olukayode Arowolo, Deborah Ayantona, Ademola Ayinde, Olusegun Badejoko, Tajudeen Badmus, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Emeka Igbodike, Omotade Ijarotimi, Adedayo Lawal, Fayowole Nana, Tunde Oduanafolabi, Olalekan Olasehinde, Olaniyi Olayemi, Stephen Omitinde, Owolabi Oni, Chigozie Onyeze, Ernest Orji, Adewale Rotimi, Abdulkadir Salako, Olufemi Solaja, Oluwaseun Sowemimo, Ademola Talabi, Mohammed Tajudeen, Funmilola Wuraola, Francis Adebayo, Oseremen Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Godwin Akaba, Lazarus Ameh, Ndubuisi Mbajiekwe, Felix Ogbo, Samson Olori, Olabisi Osagie, Abu Sadiq, Samuel Sani, Nancy Tabuanu, Martins Uanikhoba, Godwin Chiejina, Ekpo Edet, Akan Inyang, Mary Isa, Faith Iseh, Adams Marwa, Sunday Ogbeche, Edima Olory, Gabriel Udie, Joseph Udosen, Usang Usang, Olukayode Abayomi, Rukiyat Abdus-Salam, Sikiru Adebayo, Akinlabi Ajao, Olanrewaju Amusat, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Kelvin Egbuchulem, Hyginus Ekwuazi, Peter Elemile, Taiwo Lawal, Olatunji Lawal, Solomon Olagunju, Peter Osuala, Bamidele Suleman, Augustine Takure, Lukman Abdur-Rahman, Nurudeen Adeleke, Muideen Adesola, Rafiat Afolabi, Sulaiman Agodirin, Isiaka Aremu, Jibril Bello, Saheed Lawal, Abdulwahab Lawal, Hadijat Raji, Olayinka Sayomi, Asimiyu Shittu, Jude Ede, Sebastian Ekenze, Vincent Enemuo, Matthew Eze, Uchechukwu Ezomike, Emmanuel Izuka, Okezie Mbadiwe, Ngozi Mbah, Uba Ezinne, Matthew Francis, Iweha Ikechukwu, Okoi Nnyonno, Philemon Okoro, Igwe Patrick, John Raphael, Oriji Vaduneme, Abhulimen Victor, Salathiel Kanyarukiko, Francine Mukaneza, Deborah Mukantibaziyaremye, Aphrodis Munyaneza, Gibert Ndegamiye, Ronald Tubasiime, Moses Dusabe, Emelyne Izabiriza, Hope Lydia Maniraguha, Christophe Mpirimbanyi, Josiane Mutuyimana, Olivier Mwenedata, Elisee Rwagahirima, Francine Uwizeyimana, Job Zirikana, Aime Dieudonne Hirwa, Elysee Kabanda, Salomee Mbonimpaye, Christine Mukakomite, Piolette Muroruhirwe, Georges Bucyibaruta, Gisele Juru Bunogerane, Sosthene Habumuremyi, Jean de Dieu Haragirimana, Alphonsine Imanishimwe, JC Allen Ingabire, Violette Mukanyange, Emmanuel Munyaneza, Emmanuel Mutabazi, Isaie Ncogoza, Faustin Ntirenganya, Jeannette Nyirahabimana, Christian Urimubabo, Mary Augusta Adams, Richard Crawford, Chikwendu Jeffrey Ede, Maria Fourtounas, Gabriella Hyman, Zafar Khan, Morapedi Kwati, Mpho Nosipho Mathe, Rachel Moore, Ncamsile Anthea Nhlabathi, Hlengiwe Samkelisiwe Nxumalo, Paddy Pattinson, Nnosa Sentholang, Mmule Evelyn Sethoana, Maria Elizabeth Stassen, Laura Thornley, Paul Wondoh Edenvale Hospital, Johannesburg: Cheryl Birtles, Mathete Ivy, Cynthia Mbavhalelo, Zain Ally, Abdus-sami Adewunmi, Jonathan Cook, David Jayne, Soren Laurberg, Julia Brown, Simon Cousens, Neil Smartznad058_Supplementary_DataClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Journal of Surgical Case Reports, Volume 2023, Issue 3, March 2023, rjad093, https://doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjad093This is a correction to: Abdulmajeed Ali Alkhathami, Zuhair Babiker Ahmed, Abdullah Mohammed A. Khushayl, Faiz Alsaffar, Abdullah M. Alshahrani, Acute pancreatitis after intragastric balloon insertion: case report, In the originally published version of this manuscript, Abdullah Mohammed A. Khushayl's name was incorrectly written as Abdullah M. Alkhushayl.This error has now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Dear Editor,In a recent meta-analysis , Dr.Cao First, a literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus databases, from December 1, 2019 to November 1, 2022. However, one trial [Second, the efficacy of prone positioning in COVID-19 has been investigated in dozens of studies . The maj"}
+{"text": "Enterococcus faecalis BAU_Ef01 isolated from a shrimp in Bangladesh. The whole genome of the strain had a length of 2,862,301 bp, 38 contigs, an average G+C content of 37.36%, 80.0\u00d7 genome coverage, and 35 predicted antibiotic resistance and virulence genes each.Here, we sequence and analyze a biofilm-forming strain of  Enterococcus faecalis, that can be transferred to humans through the food chain. E. faecalis is well known for forming biofilms to endure its challenging surrounding conditions  samples were collected from Cox\u2019s Bazar  and transferred to our laboratory . Subsequently, samples were processed following the previously described procedure , with a cumulative length of 2,862,301 bp and an average G+C content of 37.36%. In the PATRIC annotation, the genome contained 2,728 protein-coding sequences, 48 transfer RNA genes, and three ribosomal RNA genes. This genome corresponds to sequence type ST862 based on MLST and exhibits a probability of 89.6% for being a human pathogen based on PathogenFinder. The E. faecalis BAU_EF01 genome had 35 ARGs under different antimicrobial classes, including glycopeptides, tetracyclines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, rifamycins, diaminopyrimidine, lincosamides, streptogramins, etc. Our assembled genome harbored 35 predicted VFGs under various virulence factors, including biofilm formation, toxin, adherence, antiphagocytosis, enzyme, immune evasion, and others. Moreover, our genome contained 779 subsystems with 29% coverage and harbored 1,075 genes for different subsystem features, such as virulence, disease, and defense, carbohydrates, amino acids and derivatives, nucleosides and nucleotides, cofactors, vitamins, prosthetic groups, pigments, iron acquisition and metabolism, etc.The assembled draft"}
+{"text": "In this special edition (closed on 31 October 2022), 4 reviews, 13 original papers, 1 communication, and 1 case report are published. These papers were published by scientific teams from 24 countries, including China, Tunisia, Canada, France, Serbia, Portugal, Spain, Chile, Singapore, Australia, USA, Mexico, Czech Republic, Germany, Sweden, Finland, United Kingdom, Norway, Poland, Greece, Japan, Italy, Switzerland, and Israel, which is a really great achievement.In the review of Chen et al. , the autThe review of Benkhalifa et al.  was dediThe review of Viloti\u0107 et al.  provided\u00c2ngelo-Dias et al.  performeOrtega et al.  demonstrPe\u00f1ailillo et al.  describeMartinez-Fierro et al.  present Our research group  introducCzamara et al.  showed tHuang et al.  demonstrLynch et al.  reportedMisan et al.  describeMavreli et al.  introducSzala-Po\u017adziej et al.  reportedKedziora et al.  studied Kadife et al.  demonstrDymara-Konopka et al.  evaluateChighine et al.  presenteFinally, Sammar et al.  showed o"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because  article  and Fig  article  respectiYM, CL, and JY agreed with the retraction. HL, ZL, ML, and YL disagreed with the retraction. DZ, LD, BW, HY, FW, and JZ either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Yun Shan Goh, Siew\u2010Wai Fong, Angeline Rouers, Zi Wei Chang, Matthew Zirui Tay, Jean\u2010Marc Chavatte, Nicole Ziyi Zhuo, Pei Xiang Hor, Chiew Yee Loh, Yuling Huang, Joel Xu En Wong, Yong Jie Tan, Daniel Rui Xiang Lim, Bei Wang, Eve Zi Xian Ngoh, Siti Nazihah Mohd Salleh, Raphael Tze Chuen Lee, Surinder Pada, Louisa Jin Sun, Desmond Luan Seng Ong, Jyoti Somani, Eng Sing Lee, NCID Study Group, COVID\u201019 Study Group, Sebastian Maurer\u2010Stroh, Cheng\u2010I Wang, Yee\u2010Sin Leo, Raymond TP Lin, Ee Chee Ren, David C Lye, Barnaby Edward Young, Poh Lian Lim, Lisa FP Ng & Laurent ReniaClinical & Translational Immunology 2023; 12: e1449.Correction to: Clin Trans Immunol 2022; 11: e1043. https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1403. Published online 23 August 2022The authors inadvertently excluded a funding body in the Acknowledgments section. The corrected version appears below:"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because KM, AW, HuR, OF, RMI, FZ, MHuR, MAhmad, MAlam, MuAli, MaAli, AK, MIshtiaq, and MMW did not agree with the retraction. All other authors either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "In \u201cDigital Phenotyping for Differential Diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode: Narrative Review\u201d  the authors made three additions to the authorship list.The authorship is currently listed as:Eric Ettore, Philipp M\u00fcller, Jonas Hinze, Michel Benoit, Bruno Giordana, Danilo Postin, Amandine Lecomte, Hali Lindsay, Philippe Robert, Alexandra K\u00f6nigAnd will be changed to read as follows:Eric Ettore, Philipp M\u00fcller, Jonas Hinze, Matthias Riemenschneider, Michel Benoit, Bruno Giordana, Danilo Postin, Rene Hurlemann, Amandine Lecomte, Michel Musiol, Hali Lindsay, Philippe Robert, Alexandra K\u00f6nigThe authors who have been recently added are affiliated with the following institutions, which are already correctly presented in the affiliation list:3:Matthias RiemenschneiderDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Saarland University Medical Center, Hombourg, Germany.5:Rene HurlemannDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Bad Zwischenahn, Germany.6:Michel MusiolResearch Department S\u00e9magramme Team, Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique, Nancy, France.The correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR Publications website on April 12, 2023, together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories."}
+{"text": "PNAS Nexus, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2023, pgad104, https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad104This is a correction to: Fumiaki Sakura, Kosuke Noma, Takaki Asano, Kay Tanita, Etsushi Toyofuku, Kentaro Kato, Miyuki Tsumura, Hiroshi Nihira, Kazushi Izawa, Kanako Mitsui-Sekinaka, Ryo Konno, Yusuke Kawashima, Yoko Mizoguchi, Shuhei Karakawa, Seiichi Hayakawa, Hiroshi Kawaguchi, Kohsuke Imai, Shigeaki Nonoyama, Takahiro Yasumi, Hidenori Ohnishi, Hirokazu Kanegane, Osamu Ohara, Satoshi Okada, A complementary approach for genetic diagnosis of inborn errors of immunity using proteogenomic analysis, PNAS Nexus, it was discovered that this paper was missing a statement acknowledging compliance with the PNAS Nexus Human and Animal Participants and Clinical Trials policy:During a retroactive audit conducted by The local ethics boards at Hiroshima University, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, National Defense Medical College, Gifu University, Kyoto University, and Kazusa DNA Research Institute approved this study. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.This error has been corrected in the original article."}
+{"text": "Bioinformatics, Volume 38, Issue 22, 15 November 2022, Pages 5144\u20135148, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btac654This is a correction to: Nayang Shan, Yao Lu, Hao Guo, Dongyu Li, Jitong Jiang, Linlin Yan, Jiudong Gao, Yong Ren, Xingming Zhao, Lin Hou, CITEdb: a manually curated database of cell\u2013cell interactions in human, In the originally published version of this manuscript, author Xingming Zhao\u2019s affiliation was incorrect.The author\u2019s affiliation has been corrected online to:\u201cKey Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.\u201d"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-40099-4, published online 16 August 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted affiliations for Tara Chand. The correct affiliations are listed below.Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743, Jena, GermanyClinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, GermanyDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Steiger 3-1, 07743, Jena, GermanyJindal Institute of Behavioural Sciences, O. P. Jindal Global University (Sonipat), Haryana, IndiaThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The correct reference is: Winding M, Pedigo BD, Barnes CL, Patsolic HG, Park Y, Kazimiers T, et al. The connectome of an insect brain. Science. 2023; 379(6636)."}
+{"text": "The corrected author list appears below.In the published article, there was an error in the *\u201d\u201cYing Ding\u2020, Nannan Chu\u2020, Linling Que, Kai Huang, Yuanxing Chen, Wei Qin, Zhenzhong Qian, Yunfei Shi, Zhen Xu, and Qing HeAuthor contributions. This sentence previously stated:A correction has been made to \u201cYD and QH designed the study. NC, YD, LQ, KH, YC, WQ, ZQ, YS, and ZX performed the clinical study. NC wrote and revised the manuscript.\u201dThe corrected sentence appears below:\u201cQH and YD designed the study. YD, LQ, KH, YC, WQ, ZQ, YS, and ZX performed the clinical study. NC wrote and revised the manuscript.\u201dThe authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Public Health Reviews would like to thank all Reviewers in 2022 for the time they have spent and the valuable contributions they have made to ensure the scientific quality of the journal.The Editors of Carla AbouZahr, SwitzerlandAna Johnson, CanadaGabriela Albuquerque, PortugalVishaldeep Kaur Sekhon, United StatesSaleh Alessy, Saudi ArabiaJune Kloubec, United StatesDiogo Almeida, PortugalMark Kroese, United KingdomIsabel Alvarado-Cruz, United StatesThao Minh Lam, NetherlandsAlain Amstutz, SwitzerlandElizabeth Lee, United StatesDaniela Anker, SwitzerlandJonathon Leider, United StatesSaeed Anwar, CanadaMayara Lima, BrazilJoao Araujo, BrazilCosima Lisi, PortugalMark Avery, AustraliaLaura Maga\u00f1a, United StatesSuzanne Babich, United StatesCarlos Matos, PortugalBarbara B\u00fcrkin, SwitzerlandMiroslaw Mazurek, PolandSimon Capewell, United KingdomSinenhlanhla Memela, South AfricaLuisa Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, PortugalElina Miteniece, NetherlandsAna Rute Costa, SwitzerlandSamantha Morais, CanadaAna Cruz, PortugalJessica Neicun, NetherlandsValeria Carolina Cuenca Cuenca, SpainVasileios Nittas, United StatesKatherine Curry, United StatesNgoy Nsenga, SwitzerlandKatarzyna Czabanowska, NetherlandsVicka Oktaria, IndonesiaNicole Geovana Dias, BrazilOyeladun Okunromade, NigeriaRita Dias, PortugalRasaq Oladapo, NigeriaAbeer Elshater, EgyptLaura Orlando, CanadaMarta Fadda, SwitzerlandMartina Paric, NetherlandsRebecca Forman, United KingdomDavid Patterson, NetherlandsCassiano Franco, BrazilElizabeth Peacocke, NorwayXing Gao, United StatesMargarida Pereira, SwitzerlandMark Green, United KingdomPriyanka Priyanka, United StatesMohammad Mehedi Hasan, BangladeshAna Catarina Queiroga, PortugalElena Isaevska, SwitzerlandRajesh Kumar Rai, IndiaKunihiro Iwamoto, JapanJes\u00fas Rivera Navarro, SpainCl\u00e1udia Raquel Jardim Santos, SwitzerlandPablo Rodr\u00edguez-Feria, NetherlandsNeusa Jessen, MozambiqueAnkur Saxena, IndiaVivi Schlunssen, DenmarkFlorence Secula, SwitzerlandKenbon Seyoum, EthiopiaDawa Sherpa, IndiaAvaneesh Singh, IndiaPrashant Kumar Singh, IndiaAsha Soletti, IndiaMaoyi Tian, ChinaCecilia Tinonin, ThailandYu-Chuan Tsai, TaiwanKaspar Wyss, Switzerland"}
+{"text": "Haemophilus influenzae type b. In practice, switching between HCVs during the childhood vaccination series is sometimes necessary due to vaccine availability, health care provider preference, tender awards, or other reasons. The various HCVs differ in the types of antigens used, which may affect immunogenicity and reactogenicity. The use of Vaxelis\u2122 as a booster dose after another HCV has not previously been studied in a clinical trial. The purpose of this study was to describe the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a booster dose of Vaxelis\u2122 in toddlers who previously received a primary infant series of either Vaxelis\u2122 or Hexyon\u2122.Vaxelis\u2122 is a hexavalent combination vaccine (HCV) indicated in infants and toddlers for the prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, poliomyelitis, and invasive disease due to Healthy participants approximately 11 to 13 months of age who previously received a two-dose primary series of Vaxelis\u2122 (VVV group) or Hexyon\u2122 (HHV group) at approximately 2 and 4 months of age all received a Vaxelis\u2122 booster dose. Safety was evaluated as the proportion of participants with adverse events (AEs). Immunogenicity was evaluated by measuring antibody levels to individual vaccine antigens approximately 30 days following booster vaccination.Participant characteristics were comparable between groups . The overall proportions of participants with AEs\u00ad\u2500including injection-site, systemic, vaccine-related, and serious AEs\u2500were generally comparable between groups. The proportions of participants with antibody-specific responses for antigens contained in both Vaxelis\u2122 and Hexyon\u2122 at 30 days postvaccination with Vaxelis\u2122 were comparable between groups and higher in the VVV group for antigens FIM2/3 and PRN found only in Vaxelis\u2122 (Table 1).A booster dose of Vaxelis\u2122 was well tolerated following a primary series of Hexyon\u2122 with a safety profile similar to a 3-dose series of Vaxelis\u2122. Immune responses were comparable for all shared antigens and higher for those found only in Vaxelis\u2122. These data support the use of Vaxelis\u2122 as a booster in mixed HCV regimens.Andrea Guerra, MD, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC - United Kingdom: employee|Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC - United Kingdom: Stocks/Bonds Federico Martinon-Torres, MD, PhD, Assoc. Prof, Ablynx, Gilead, Regeneron, Roche, Abbott and MedImmune: Honoraria|Ablynx, Gilead, Regeneron, Roche, Abbott and MedImmune: principal investigator|Astra Zeneca, GSK, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi, MSD, Seqirus, Moderna, Novavax, Biofabri, and Janssen: Advisor/Consultant|Astra Zeneca, GSK, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi, MSD, Seqirus, Moderna, Novavax, Biofabri, and Janssen: Board Member|Astra Zeneca, GSK, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi, MSD, Seqirus, Moderna, Novavax, Biofabri, and Janssen: Honoraria|Astra Zeneca, GSK, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi, MSD, Seqirus, Moderna, Novavax, Biofabri, and Janssen: speaker and investigator Courtney Lambeth, BS, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: employee|Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: Stocks/Bonds Ziqiang Chen, PhD, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: employee|Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: Stocks/Bonds Jessie Lumley, MA, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: employee|Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: Stocks/Bonds David Johnson, MD, MPH, Sanofi: employee Marissa B. Wilck, MD, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: employee|Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: Stocks/Bonds"}
+{"text": "E. coli) BSI.To assess the long-term survival of patients with enterococcal bloodstream infections (BSI), encompassing various species and resistance patterns, in comparison to Escherichia coli  BSI were included. Enterococcus faecalis (ECFA), vancomycin/Linezolid-susceptible ECFM, and E. coli BSI were randomly assigned. Cox-regression models were used to assess survival as the primary endpoint and were adjusted for limiting prognostic factors, which were measured for their importance using a random forest model (RFM).Between 2010 and 2019, 3,290 enterococcal and 3,415 E. coli BSI were retrospectively screened in seven hospitals in Munich, Germany. All vancomycin (VRE), vancomycin/linezolid (LVRE), and linezolid (LRE) resistant E. coli BSI . This difference remained significant in the Cox-regression analysis after adjusting for 17 prognostic factors and excluding patients with limited life expectancy . Adjusted 5-year survival between E. coli and ECFA was similar but significantly different between ECFA and ECFM BSI . The analysis conducted on monomicrobial ECFM and VRE BSI indicated that their respective 5-year survival was similar .952 patients with 916 episodes of enterococcal BSI and 193 E. coli BSI episodes were analysed. RFM identified multimorbidity and markers for disease severity as most indicative of low survival in enterococcal BSI. The 5-year survival was significantly lower for enterococcal BSI than for ECFM BSI seems to be an independent risk factor for poor long-term survival. However, additional vancomycin resistance does not appear to be a contributing factor.Jochen Schneider, MD, JS reports grants, personal fees, and nonfinancial support from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-Cilag, GSK/ViiV Healthcare, and MSD, Dr. Falk Pharma: Grant/Research Support Karl Dichtl, MD, KD reports grants from Euroimmun Medizinische Labordiagnostika and Fujifilm Wako Chemicals Europe outside of this study.: Advisor/Consultant Ulrich Seybold, MD, reports personal fees and nonfinancial support from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, Janssen-Cilag, Falk Foundation, Sanofi-Aventis.: Advisor/Consultant Christoph Spinner, MD, AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-C,MSD, Cepheid, GSK, ViiV Healthcare, AstraZeneca, Apeiron, Braun, Pfizer, Novartis, Lilly, Biontech\u2026: Advisor/Consultant|AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-C,MSD, Cepheid, GSK, ViiV Healthcare, AstraZeneca, Apeiron, Braun, Pfizer, Novartis, Lilly, Biontech\u2026: Board Member|AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-C,MSD, Cepheid, GSK, ViiV Healthcare, AstraZeneca, Apeiron, Braun, Pfizer, Novartis, Lilly, Biontech\u2026: Grant/Research Support|CDS reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, grants, fees and non-financial support from Gilead Sciences, grants and personal fees from Janssen-C: Advisor/Consultant|CDS reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, grants, fees and non-financial support from Gilead Sciences, grants and personal fees from Janssen-C: Board Member|CDS reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, grants, fees and non-financial support from Gilead Sciences, grants and personal fees from Janssen-C: Grant/Research Support"}
+{"text": "Correction: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 23, 500 (2023)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-05812-1Following publication of the original article , the autThe incorrect author names are: Hruban Lukas, Jouzova Anna, Janku Petr, Weinberger Vit, Seidlova Dagmar, Juren Tomas, Senkyrik Jan, Kadlecova Jana, Hausnerova Jitka, Jandakova EvaThe correct author names are: Lukas Hruban, Anna Jouzova, Petr Janku, Vit Weinberger, Dagmar Seidlova, Tomas Juren, Jan Senkyrik, Jana Kadlecova, Jitka Hausnerova, Eva JandakovaThe author group has been updated above and the original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-29519-7, published online 13 February 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the name of authors Annamaria D'Alessandro, Domenico Ciavardelli, Anna Pastore, Santina Lupisella, Rosa Carmela Cristofaro, Giovina Di Felice, Roberta Salierno, Marco Infante, Alberto De Stefano, Andrea Onetti Muda, Maria Morello, Ottavia Porzio which were incorrectly given as D\u2019Alessandro Annamaria, Ciavardelli Domenico, Pastore Anna, Lupisella Santina, Cristofaro Rosa Carmela, Di Felice Giovina, Roberta Salierno, Infante Marco, De Stefano Alberto, Onetti Muda Andrea, Morello Maria and Porzio Ottavia.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-44297-y, published online 10 October 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 1, which was incorrectly given as \u2018Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China\u2019.The correct affiliation is listed below.Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "International Journal of Epidemiology, dyac158, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyac158.This is a correction to: Kevin Wing, Daniel J Grint, Rohini Mathur, Hamish P Gibbs, George Hickman, Emily Nightingale, Anna Schultze, Harriet Forbes, Vah\u00e9 Nafilyan, Krishnan Bhaskaran, Elizabeth Williamson, Thomas House, Lorenzo Pellis, Emily Herrett, Nileesa Gautam, Helen J Curtis, Christopher T Rentsch, Angel Y S Wong, Brian MacKenna, Amir Mehrkar, Seb Bacon, Ian J Douglas, Stephen J W Evans, Laurie Tomlinson, Ben Goldacre, Rosalind M Eggo; on behalf of the OpenSAFELY consortium, In the Results, \u201cFor South Asian people, as for Wave 1, multigenerational living was associated with severe COVID-19 but not COVID-19 death\u2009\u2026\u201d should have read \u201cFor South Asian people, as for Wave 1, multigenerational living was associated with severe COVID-19 but not non-COVID-19 death\u2009\u2026\u201d.The paper has been corrected."}
+{"text": "In contrast, this was not observed for nAb responses. When measuring SARS-CoV-2 RNA transcripts  in nasal swabs at recruitment, we saw no significant differences by sex or disease severity status. However, we have shown higher antibody levels associated with low nasal viral RNA indicating a role of antibody responses in controlling viral replication and shedding in the upper airway. In this study, we have shown discernible differences in the humoral immune responses between males and females and these differences associate with age as well as with resultant disease severity.The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic enables the analysis of immune responses induced against a novel coronavirus infecting immunologically na\u00efve individuals. This provides an opportunity for analysis of immune responses and associations with age, sex and disease severity. Here we measured an array of solid-phase binding antibody and viral neutralising Ab (nAb) responses in participants (n=337) of the ISARIC4C cohort and characterised their correlation with peak disease severity during acute infection and early convalescence. Overall, the responses in a Double Antigen Binding Assay (DABA) for antibody to the receptor binding domain (anti-RBD) correlated well with IgM as well as IgG responses against viral spike, S1 and nucleocapsid protein (NP) antigens. DABA reactivity also correlated with nAb. As we and others reported previously, there is greater risk of severe disease and death in older men, whilst the sex ratio was found to be equal within each severity grouping in younger people. In older males with severe disease (mean age 68 years), peak antibody levels were found to be delayed by one to two weeks compared with women, and nAb responses were delayed further. Additionally, we demonstrated that solid-phase binding antibody responses reached higher levels in males as measured  The mosDisease outcome may also be determined by the timing and magnitude of humoral immune responses \u201319. GeneUsing serum samples from patients hospitalised during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (UK), we have performed an extensive analysis of the serological responses generated to SARS-CoV-2 in an immune-na\u00efve population. Anti-RBD reactivity, neutralising function and class specific antibodies to S and N proteins were measured using a hybrid double antigen binding assay (DABA) , a pseud22.1This analysis included sera from 337 patients admitted to UK hospitals with COVID-19 between February and June 2020 before vaccines were made available and therefore describing a new infection in a na\u00efve human population. The patients were enrolled in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK (CCP-UK) study. Study participants were confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive by reverse transcription polymerase chain (PCR) reaction or were highly suspected cases based on clinical presentation and providing a serological response in one or more of the described assays being recorded. Acute infection samples were collected within 21 days of the onset of symptoms and convalescent samples were collected when SARS-CoV-2 PCR showed undetectable viral burden. A number of patients underwent serial sampling , with not all follow up specimens tested in every assay implemented. Samples with repeated measures were included in a mixed effect regression model to analyse the antibody responses over time (section 3.5).Patients were stratified into five categories of peak illness severity based on the World Health Organization (WHO) COVID-19 ordinal scale : 1) no o2.2Escherichia coli with N-terminal hexahistidine-SUMO and C-terminal Twin Strep tags and purified by tandem immobilised metal and StrepTactin\u00ae affinity chromatography. The IgM and IgG capture ELISAs for the detection of antibody to S1, Spike and NP were undertaken as described previously  lineage were tested. The SARS-CoV-2 full length spike glycoprotein  and the nucleoprotein (NP) conjugated to Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were purchased from The Native Antigen Company . The SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen  , 42 was eviously .2.3SARS-CoV-2 RNA was quantified using a NEB Luna Universal Probe One-Step RT-qPCR Kit  and 2019-nCoV CDC N1 primers and probes ). Genome copy numbers were quantified using a standard curve generated from serial dilutions of a plasmid containing the target N protein gene fragment. The standard was quantified and quality controlled using QX600 droplet digital PCR system .2.4Antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2 were measured using a hybrid double antigen bridging assay (DABA) that was previously developed to detect Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein targeting antibodies  and rece2.52.5.1\u00ae CRL-3216\u2122) cells were cultivated in Dulbecco\u2019s modified eagle medium (Invitrogen) and supplemented with 10% heat-treated FCS (Sigma), 2mM/ml L-glutamine (Invitrogen), 100 U/ml penicillin (Invitrogen) and 100 mg/ml streptomycin (Invitrogen), termed complete DMEM (Thermofisher). HEK293T/ACE-2 cells were used to monitor PVP infectivity and in performing serum neutralisation assays. All cells were cultured at 37\u00b0C and at 5% CO2.HEK293T  (Corning) were grown in 2.0\u00a0ml of complete DMEM overnight. Cells were transfected with 750 ng of the lentiviral luciferase reporter construct, pCSFLW, along with 450 ng of the SARS-CoV-2 S expression plasmid and 500 ng of the lentiviral backbone, p8.91, using cationic polymer transfection reagent (Polyethylenimine) (Polysciences) and in the presence of OptiMEM (Invitrogen). OptiMEM/plasmid mix was removed 16\u00a0h post transfection and 2.0\u00a0ml complete DMEM added with the single-cycle infectious SARS-CoV-2 stock harvested 48\u00a0h later, passed through a 0.45\u00b5M filter, aliquoted and stored at \u221280\u00b0C. PVP infection was monitored on HEK293T/ACE-2 cells through measuring luciferase activity (expressed from the HIV-1 LTR promoter) under control of Tat expression from the HIV-1 backbone. 100 \u00b5l of virus stock was used to infect 1.5x104 cells/well for 6\u00a0h in a white 96 well plate (Corning). Following infection 100 \u00b5l DMEM complete medium was added to each well. 48\u00a0h post infection, media was discarded from the wells and the cells washed with PBS (Thermofisher), lysed with 30 \u00b5l cell lysis buffer (Promega) and luciferase activity determined utilising the commercially available luciferase assay (Promega) and measured using a BMGLabtech FluoroStar Omega luminometer.The ancestral SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein (Accession MN908947) was cloned into the pCDNA3.1 expression plasmid (produced by GeneArt Gene Synthesis) and was used in generating PVP stocks escribed , 46. HEK2.5.350, IC70 or IC90, respectively).SARS-CoV-2 enveloped PVP was thawed and pooled and subsequently diluted 1/20 in complete DMEM. Serum samples from SARS-CoV-2 individuals were serially diluted 2-fold with complete DMEM; 28 \u00b5l serum dilution was incubated with 420 \u00b5l diluted SARS-CoV-2 PVP for 30\u00a0min at RT. 200 \u00b5l of virus/serum dilution mix was used to infect HEK293T/ACE-2 cells. Luciferase activity readings of neutralised virus were analysed i) by considering 0% inhibition as the infection values of the virus in the absence of convalescent plasma included in each experiment, ii) by considering 0% inhibition as the infection values of two consecutive high dilutions not inhibiting virus entry. The neutralisation activity defined as the serum dilution that reduced viral infectivity by 50%, 70% or 90%  and non-parametric ANOVA . Significant P values < 0.05 were depicted by * or a horizontal line above the groups compared. Repeated measures linear regression was used to model antibody levels over time, including a random intercept term to account for within-individual correlation, age and a time-sex interaction to predict trajectories for males and females separately, adjusted for age.33.1We analysed the patient demograhics of individuals within our cohort, specifically age and sex, to determine the risk of severe disease across these groups. A higher proportion of the 337 study participants were male . Median age was 57 years (range: 15\u201394) with no age difference observed between sexes . As this was a hospital study, no asymptomatic individuals were enrolled. Participants were grouped into categories S1-S5 according to disease severity . The ratWe next anlysed the time between the onset of symptoms and hospital presentation to compare the rate of deteriation across different patient groupings. No difference was found between males and females in the time between symptom onset and hospital presentation , measured using the PVP neutralisation assay, revealed a similar serological profile to anti-RBD with a sharp initial increase reaching the peak at around day 26 post symptom onset (70) a correlation was observed during the first 21-day period . This correlation remained but was lower in magnitude after 21 days following disease onset   high antibody levels were measured within one week following onset of symptoms and were maintained at high levels for 3 to 4 weeks (70) than those aged 20-49 or those >70 years old.  or nAb responses . The S1 region of spike that includes the RBD was was also studied individually considering it is the primary target of nuetralising antibodies. In samples taken at recruitment, which represents a range of days between patients since the onset of symptoms and hospital presentation, IgM and IgG antibody binding responses to spike, S1 and NP were not significantly different between males and females for most age groupings, except for the IgM responses to S1, which were higher in men aged 60-70  at recruitment no differences were found between males and females within age categories but differences were observed between the different age categories. Individuals in age categories 20-40 and >70 had lower antibody titres than those in the intermediate age categories.3.3We next analysed the relationship between the antibody classes IgM and IgG against different virus antigens, comparing acute infection with convalescence. During acute infection, IgG responses against Spike protein correlated with IgM antibody levels (P<0.0001), whereas this correlation disappeared during convalescence  and both IgM and IgG to total spike and S1 (70) directed against the same antigens. We observed similar profiles during both acute infection and convalescence  with disease severity  responses over the same period , . There were no differences in viral RNA levels by sex , using several measurements of host responses and viral RNA, has enabled the identification of differences in antibody profiles in an immunologically na\u00efve population. Very early in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic it was reported that a number of factors such as age, sex, co-morbidities, obesity and ethnicity were associated with the risk of severe disease \u20137. In ouMany other studies have measured antibody responses following acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 , 48\u201350. We sought to identify how the timing of antibody responses associates with disease severity. Our data supports previous findings that antibody seroconversion occurs 10-19 days post symptom onset , 49, 54 When comparing antibody responses between sexes, we observed a more rapid induction of antibody responses in females than was observed in male participants and have associated this with differences in disease severity. Therefore, it is possible that a contributing factor to sex-associated differences in disease severity is the timing of antibody responses, whereby a delay in antibody production may account for increased risk of severe disease outcome. This association between age, sex and disease outcome with antibody kinetics has been previously reported, where females demonstrated more rapid increases in protective IgG responses than males  and thatThrough measuring upper respiratory tract viral RNA transcripts, indicative of localised viral shedding and therefore a surrogate measure for viral load, we observed an inverse correlation between nAb levels which may indicate a critical role of effective serological responses limiting viral replication and leading to clearance of the infection. Nevertheless, our samples were obtained a median of 2 weeks post symptom onset and therefore viral RNA has been predominantly measured during the decline phase of infection . AdditioIn this study, immunological linkages with disease outcome have been deciphered independently in a na\u00efve host population and with a homogenous viral strain. The analyses of patients early in the pandemic has been vital in enabling description of the associations we have identified. Subsequent multiple exposures to different types of vaccines, natural infections and the emergence of diverse viral variants makes unravelling further host genetic and immune factors associated with disease challenging, meaning that the data presented here are unique, and are unlikely to be obtained as the pandemic evolves.The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.This analysis included sera from 337 patients admitted to UK hospitals with COVID-19 between February and June 2020 and enrolled in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK (CCP-UK) study. The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.Co-Investigator: Beatrice Alex, Petros Andrikopoulos, Benjamin Bach, Wendy S Barclay, Debby Bogaert, Meera Chand, Kanta Chechi, Graham S Cooke, Ana da Silva Filipe, Thushan de Silva, Annemarie B Docherty, Gon\u00e7alo dos Santos Correia, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Jake Dunning, Tom Fletcher, Christoper A Green, William Greenhalf, Julian L Griffin, Rishi K Gupta, Ewen M Harrison, Julian A Hiscox, Antonia Ying Wai Ho, Peter W Horby, Samreen Ijaz, Saye Khoo, Paul Klenerman, Andrew Law, Matthew R Lewis, Sonia Liggi, Wei Shen Lim, Lynn Maslen, Alexander J Mentzer, Laura Merson, Alison M Meynert, Shona C Moore, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Michael Olanipekun, Anthonia Osagie, Massimo Palmarini, Carlo Palmieri, William A Paxton, Georgios Pollakis, Nicholas Price, Andrew Rambaut, David L Robertson, Clark D Russell, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Caroline J Sands, Janet T Scott, Louise Sigfrid, Tom Solomon, Shiranee Sriskandan, David Stuart, Charlotte Summers, Olivia V Swann, Zoltan Takats, Panteleimon Takis, Richard S Tedder, AA Roger Thompson, Emma C Thomson, Ryan S Thwaites, Lance CW Turtle, Maria Zambon; Project Manager: Hayley Hardwick, Chloe Donohue, Fiona Griffiths, Wilna Oosthuyzen; Project Administrator: Cara Donegan, Rebecca G. Spencer; Data Analyst: Lisa Norman, Riinu Pius, Thomas M Drake, Cameron J Fairfield, Stephen R Knight, Kenneth A Mclean, Derek Murphy, Catherine A Shaw; Data and Information System Manager: Jo Dalton, Michelle Girvan, Egle Saviciute, Stephanie Roberts, Janet Harrison, Laura Marsh, Marie Connor, Sophie Halpin, Clare Jackson, Carrol Gamble, Daniel Plotkin, James Lee; Data Integration and Presentation: Gary Leeming, Andrew Law, Murray Wham, Sara Clohisey, Ross Hendry, James Scott-Brown; Material Management: Victoria Shaw, Sarah E McDonald. Patient Engagement: Se\u00e1n Keating; Outbreak Laboratory Staff and Volunteers: Katie A. Ahmed, Jane A Armstrong, Milton Ashworth, Innocent G Asiimwe, Siddharth Bakshi, Samantha L Barlow, Laura Booth, Benjamin Brennan, Katie Bullock, Benjamin WA Catterall, Jordan J Clark, Emily A Clarke, Sarah Cole, Louise Cooper, Helen Cox, Christopher Davis, Oslem Dincarslan, Chris Dunn, Philip Dyer, Angela Elliott, Anthony Evans, Lorna Finch, Lewis WS Fisher, Terry Foster, Isabel Garcia-Dorival, Philip Gunning, Catherine Hartley, Rebecca L Jensen, Christopher B Jones, Trevor R Jones, Shadia Khandaker, Katharine King, Robyn T. Kiy, Chrysa Koukorava, Annette Lake, Suzannah Lant, Diane Latawiec, Lara Lavelle-Langham, Daniella Lefteri, Lauren Lett, Lucia A Livoti, Maria Mancini, Sarah McDonald, Laurence McEvoy, John McLauchlan, Soeren Metelmann, Nahida S Miah, Joanna Middleton, Joyce Mitchell, Shona C Moore, Ellen G Murphy, Rebekah Penrice-Randal, Jack Pilgrim, Tessa Prince, Will Reynolds, P. Matthew Ridley, Debby Sales, Victoria E Shaw, Rebecca K Shears, Benjamin Small, Krishanthi S Subramaniam, Agnieska Szemiel, Aislynn Taggart, Jolanta Tanianis-Hughes, Jordan Thomas, Erwan Trochu, Libby van Tonder, Eve Wilcock, J. Eunice Zhang, Lisa Flaherty, Nicole Maziere, Emily Cass, Alejandra Doce Carracedo, Nicola Carlucci, Anthony Holmes, Hannah Massey; Edinburgh Laboratory Staff and Volunteers: Lee Murphy, Sarah McCafferty, Richard Clark, Angie Fawkes, Kirstie Morrice, Alan Maclean, Nicola Wrobel, Lorna Donnelly, Audrey Coutts, Katarzyna Hafezi, Louise MacGillivray, Tammy Gilchrist; Local Principal Investigators: Kayode Adeniji, Daniel Agranoff, Ken Agwuh, Dhiraj Ail, Erin L. Aldera, Ana Alegria, Sam Allen, Brian Angus, Abdul Ashish, Dougal Atkinson, Shahedal Bari, Gavin Barlow, Stella Barnass, Nicholas Barrett, Christopher Bassford, Sneha Basude, David Baxter, Michael Beadsworth, Jolanta Bernatoniene, John Berridge, Colin Berry, Nicola Best, Pieter Bothma, David Chadwick, Robin Brittain-Long, Naomi Bulteel, Tom Burden, Andrew Burtenshaw, Vikki Caruth, David Chadwick, Duncan Chambler, Nigel Chee, Jenny Child, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Tom Clark, Paul Collini, Catherine Cosgrove, Jason Cupitt, Maria-Teresa Cutino-Moguel, Paul Dark, Chris Dawson, Samir Dervisevic, Phil Donnison, Sam Douthwaite, Andrew Drummond, Ingrid DuRand, Ahilanadan Dushianthan, Tristan Dyer, Cariad Evans, Chi Eziefula, Chrisopher Fegan, Adam Finn, Duncan Fullerton, Sanjeev Garg, Sanjeev Garg, Atul Garg, Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas, Jo Godden, Arthur Goldsmith, Clive Graham, Elaine Hardy, Stuart Hartshorn, Daniel Harvey, Peter Havalda, Daniel B Hawcutt, Maria Hobrok, Luke Hodgson, Anil Hormis, Michael Jacobs, Susan Jain, Paul Jennings, Agilan Kaliappan, Vidya Kasipandian, Stephen Kegg, Michael Kelsey, Jason Kendall, Caroline Kerrison, Ian Kerslake, Oliver Koch, Gouri Koduri, George Koshy, Shondipon Laha, Steven Laird, Susan Larkin, Tamas Leiner, Patrick Lillie, James Limb, Vanessa Linnett, Jeff Little, Mark Lyttle, Michael MacMahon, Emily MacNaughton, Ravish Mankregod, Huw Masson, Elijah Matovu, Katherine McCullough, Ruth McEwen, Manjula Meda, Gary Mills, Jane Minton, Mariyam Mirfenderesky, Kavya Mohandas, Quen Mok, James Moon, Elinoor Moore, Patrick Morgan, Craig Morris, Katherine Mortimore, Samuel Moses, Mbiye Mpenge, Rohinton Mulla, Michael Murphy, Megan Nagel, Thapas Nagarajan, Mark Nelson, Lillian Norris, Matthew K. O\u2019Shea, Igor Otahal, Marlies Ostermann, Mark Pais, Carlo Palmieri, Selva Panchatsharam, Danai Papakonstantinou, Hassan Paraiso, Brij Patel, Natalie Pattison, Justin Pepperell, Mark Peters, Mandeep Phull, Stefania Pintus, Jagtur Singh Pooni, Tim Planche, Frank Post, David Price, Rachel Prout, Nikolas Rae, Henrik Reschreiter, Tim Reynolds, Neil Richardson, Mark Roberts, Devender Roberts, Alistair Rose, Guy Rousseau, Bobby Ruge, Brendan Ryan, Taranprit Saluja, Matthias L Schmid, Aarti Shah, Prad Shanmuga, Anil Sharma, Anna Shawcross, Jeremy Sizer, Manu Shankar-Hari, Richard Smith, Catherine Snelson, Nick Spittle, Nikki Staines, Tom Stambach, Richard Stewart, Pradeep Subudhi, Tamas Szakmany, Kate Tatham, Jo Thomas, Chris Thompson, Robert Thompson, Ascanio Tridente, Darell Tupper-Carey, Mary Twagira, Nick Vallotton, Rama Vancheeswaran, Lisa Vincent-Smith, Shico Visuvanathan, Alan Vuylsteke, Sam Waddy, Rachel Wake, Andrew Walden, Ingeborg Welters, Tony Whitehouse, Paul Whittaker, Ashley Whittington, Padmasayee Papineni, Meme Wijesinghe, Martin Williams, Lawrence Wilson, Sarah Cole, Stephen Winchester, Martin Wiselka, Adam Wolverson, Daniel G Wootton, Andrew Workman, Bryan Yates, Peter Young.Consortium Lead Investigator: J Kenneth Baillie; Chief Investigator: Malcolm G Semple; Co-Lead Investigator: Peter JM Openshaw; ISARIC Clinical Coordinator: Gail Carson EP, JT, KJR, SI, FM, KK, CD, EV, SD, KJ, and NJC performed experiments. EP, JT, KJR, SI, TE, LL, EV, SCM, SD, WP and GP analyzed laboratory and clinical data. NC, JH and PC designed, produced and donated key reagents. LL, CJ, HH, EV, SEM and SCM administered patient specimens and curated clinical data. MS, JB and PO designed and delivered the ISARIC4C consortium project. The study was designed by SI, MM, JB, PO, MS, WP, RT, and GP. The manuscript was written by EP, JT, KJR, SI, TE, LT, AH, MS, WP, RT. and GP. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version."}
+{"text": "Recently, an increasing number of tau tracers have become available. There is a need to standardize quantitative tau measures across tracers, supporting a universal scale. We developed several cortical tau masks and applied them to generate a tau imaging universal scale.18F\u2010flortaucipir, 18F\u2010MK6240, 18F\u2010PI2620, 18F\u2010PM\u2010PBB3, 18F\u2010GTP1, or 18F\u2010RO948. The universal mask was generated from cognitively unimpaired amyloid beta (A\u03b2)\u2212 subjects and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with A\u03b2+. Four additional regional cortical masks were defined within the constraints of the universal mask. A universal scale, the CenTauRz, was constructed.One thousand forty\u2010five participants underwent tau scans with either z allows robust discrimination between low and high levels of tau deposits.None of the regions known to display off\u2010target signal were included in the masks. The CenTauRhttps://www.gaain.org/centaur\u2010project.We constructed several tau\u2010specific cortical masks for the AD continuum and a universal standard scale designed to capture the location and degree of abnormality that can be applied across tracers and across centers. The masks are freely available at  Prior to this development, the presence and extent of aggregated tau in the brain could only be characterized using In addition to the idiosyncratic characteristics of tau aggregates, and their asymmetric and heterogeneous brain distribution, a major obstacle to the widespread implementation of tau imaging in therapeutic trials or comparing the findings of investigational imaging studies across cohorts and institutions is that tau tracers differ in their molecular structures and display a range of tau binding affinities, in vivo kinetics, and degree of non\u2010specific binding, as well as distinct regional patterns of \u201coff\u2010target\u201d and non\u2010specific binding. Such differences lead to disparities in PET\u2010derived standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) measurements between tracers, as highlighted by several head\u2010to\u2010head studies comparing different tau tracers.11C\u2010Pittsburgh compound B, the idiosyncratic binding properties of these A\u03b2 tracers remain unaccounted for so they might be more or less sensitive or accurate for making a statement about a similar index of cerebral A\u03b2 burden. Furthermore, while the pattern of A\u03b2 deposition throughout the brain is relatively uniform across subjects, and thus a single universal target mask provides reproducible statements of A\u03b2 in the brain, the deposition of tau, especially at the early stages, tends to be more heterogeneous,In response to similar challenges faced earlier with A\u03b2 PET,18F\u2010flortaucipir, 18F\u2010MK6240, 18F\u2010PI2620, 18F\u2010PM\u2010PBB3, 18F\u2010RO948, and 18F\u2010GTP1) and an approach similar to the one used in the Centiloid project.In the present study, we aimed to standardize tau PET results by establishing the location and amount of abnormality of tau aggregates in the brain, and expressing them in a universal standard scale, the unit of which are termed \u201cCenTauR\u201d\u2014using tau PET data from the six most commonly used tracers , academic institutions , as well as industry . All participants underwent a tau PET scan  and a structural magnetic resonance imaging , and Statistical Parametric Mapping  using the standard pipeline for the Centiloid method (CL\u2010SPM) described in Klunk et\u00a0al.Tau scans were spatially normalized using principal component analysis (PCA) based on Computational Analysis of PET by AIBL (CapAIBL),Systematic review: The authors reviewed the literature using traditional  sources and meeting abstracts and presentations. While the use of tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging rapidly increased in research and in clinical trials over the past few years, there is no standardization pipeline for the quantification of tau imaging across tau tracers and quantification software.Interpretation: We built a global and several regional universal masks for the sampling of tau PET scans based on the most commonly used tau PET tracers. We then derived a universal scale across tracers, the CenTauRz, to measure the tau signal.Future directions: Standardized quantification will facilitate the derivation of universal cut\u2010off values, merging of large cohorts, and comparison of longitudinal changes across tracers and cohorts both in clinical studies and therapeutic trials.z scores in each of the five ROIs, similar to what was previously proposed by Vemuri et\u00a0al.For each tracer and normalization approach , we averaged all CU A\u03b2\u2212 and AD A\u03b2+ scans separately, generating mean CU A\u03b2\u2212 and AD A\u03b2+ images. We then subtracted the CU A\u03b2\u2212 mean image from the AD A\u03b2+ mean image to generate a difference image. After exploring several thresholds, the resultant difference\u2010image was thresholded at one third of the difference in the inferior temporal lobe. This threshold produced large and consistent volumes of interest across tracers of areas of the brain with the greatest tau load. We then constructed a \u201cuniversal\u201d tau mask from the intersection  of the six tracer\u2010specific masks. An MRI\u2010derived gray matter mask obtained from the FreeSurfer segmentation of 100 MRIs (independent dataset) at PET resolution was then applied to the universal mask to only sample cortical regions. The resulting mask was then mirrored and fused to remove the hemispherical asymmetry of tau pathology. Last, an additional four subregions were defined within the constraints of the universal mask: Mesial Temporal, Meta Temporal, Temporo\u2010Parietal, and Frontal ROIs , blind to participant characteristics, resulting in consensus visual reads, as previously described.Seventy\u2010eight 318F\u2010GTP1 and 18F\u2010PM\u2010PBB3 cohorts were significantly younger compared to participants from the other cohorts. Compared to the MCI and AD dementia groups, CU A\u03b2+ participants were significantly older  and had fewer males . No significant differences in age, sex, Mini\u2010Mental State Examination or Clinical Dementia Rating were found between the AD A\u03b2+ patients from the different cohorts .Participant characteristics by tau PET tracer are summarized in Table 3.118F\u2010RO948, one 18F\u2010GTP1, five 18F\u2010PI2620, one 18F\u2010FTP, eight 18F\u2010PM\u2010PBB3) did not pass visual QC using the CL\u2010SPM pipeline or did not have an MRI of sufficient quality while only one scan did not pass visual QC using both CapAIBL and CL\u2010SPM. A further six CU A\u03b2\u2013 were visually excluded due to the presence of tracer uptake in the MTL. These 29 scans were excluded from further analysis.Twenty\u2010three scans  for each of the six tau tracers included in the study. Figure\u00a0z for CU A\u03b2\u2212 and AD A\u03b2+ individuals. CTRz for the other four ROIs are presented in Figure z are displayed in Figure z in the Meta Temporal ROI, all tracers showed high discriminative accuracy for the separation of AD A\u03b2+ from CU A\u03b2\u2212 individuals  with mean CTRz scores for the six different AD cohorts ranging from 8.1 to 22 . CU A\u03b2+ had significantly higher CTRz compared to CU A\u03b2\u2212 and MCI A\u03b2\u2212 in all regions with the strongest effect size in the Mesial Temporal ROI (Welch's T > 6) and the lowest in the Frontal ROI (Welch's T \u2248 3). Among the CU A\u03b2+, 36% had a CTRz higher than 2 in the Mesial Temporal, 29% in the Meta Temporal, 21% in the Temporo\u2010Parietal, 12% in the Frontal, and 23% in the universal mask, while these prevalences were, respectively, 77%, 63%, 58%, 41%, 60% for the MCI A\u03b2+ group, and 91%, 90%, 87%, 73%, and 88% for the AD A\u03b2+ and around 4% and 2.5% in all regions for the MCI A\u03b2\u2212 and CU A\u03b2\u2212, respectively.Figure\u00a03.3z scores are presented in Table 18F\u2010PM\u2010PBB3, due to the slightly higher standard deviation of the CapAIBL SUVRs in the CU A\u03b2\u2212 group. The correlation between CTRz scores from CL\u2010SPM and CapAIBL was 0.99 in the Meta Temporal ROI; 0.98 in the Mesial, Temporo\u2010Parietal, and universal ROIs; and 0.89 in the Frontal ROI , with mean CTRz for the different AD cohorts ranging from 7.6 to 20.6 ; applying a threshold of 2 CTRz in the Mesial Temporal and in the Meta Temporal together slightly increased the accuracy of detecting tau negative scans . Using CTRz > 2 in Mesial Temporal ROI and <2 in the Meta Temporal ROI, yielded an accuracy of 0.92 to detect limbic\u2010predominant individuals. Using CapAIBL the specificities and accuracies were slightly improved  generated consistent results in quantifying tau scans in all ROIs, with high discriminative power in distinguishing AD A\u03b2+ from CU A\u03b2\u2212 and tau negative scans from limbic predominant, hippocampal sparing, and typical AD tau scans when using a threshold of > 2 CTRz in different ROIs.In the present work we described the CenTauRz level is considered high tau.18F\u2010FTP,z accuracy.An important aspect, both for clinical interpretation and for therapeutic trials, is the selection of brain regions sampled to capture the distribution of tau, how this index of tau load changes over time, and what CTR18F\u2010MK6240 and 18F\u2010FTP comparing young adult controls with elderly controls show no significant differences in the tau signalz could be subtracted from the meta temporal CTRz; (3) similar to what was proposed with the Centiloid method, it allows to resample a CTRz parametric image, either with a different atlas template, using SPM or with a different image analysis pipeline or software, once all voxels are transformed into CTRz parametric images using one of the provided equations ; and , the Aging Mind Foundation (DAF2255207) and NIH (2P01AG025204\u201016) and is and has been a consultant or paid speaker at sponsored conference sessions for Eli Lilly, Life Molecular Imaging, ACE Barcelona, and IXICO. Sandra Sanabria Bohorquez and Robby Weimer are a full\u2010time employees and stock owners of Roche. Santiago Bullich and Andrew Stephen are full\u2010time employees of Life Molecular Imaging GmbH. Hitoshi Shimada and Makoto Higuchi hold patents on compounds related to the present report (JP 5422782/EP 12 884 742.3/CA2894994/HK1208672). Christopher C. Rowe has received research grants from NHMRC, Enigma Australia, Biogen, Eisai, and Abbvie. He is on the scientific advisory board for Cerveau Technologies and consulted for Prothena, Eisai, Roche, and Biogen Australia. Oskar Hansson has acquired research support (for the institution) from ADx, AVID Radiopharmaceuticals, Biogen, Eli Lilly, Eisai, Fujirebio, GE Healthcare, Pfizer, and Roche. In the past 2 years, he has received consultancy/speaker fees from AC Immune, Amylyx, Alzpath, BioArctic, Biogen, Cerveau, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Fujirebio, Genentech, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, and Siemens. The other authors did not report any conflict of interest.All participants gave written consent for publication of de\u2010identified data.The following are the published list of collaborators associated with ADNI:Michael Weiner, MD ; Paul Aisen, MD ; Ronald Petersen, MD, PhD ; Clifford R. Jack, Jr., MD ; William Jagust, MD ; John Q. Trojanowki, MD, PhD ; Arthur W. Toga, PhD ; Laurel Beckett, PhD ; Robert C. Green, MD, MPH ; Andrew J. Saykin, PsyD ; John Morris, MD ; Leslie M. Shaw ; Enchi Liu, PhD ; Tom Montine, MD, PhD (University of Washington); Ronald G. Thomas, PhD (UC San Diego); Michael Donohue, PhD (UC San Diego); Sarah Walter, MSc (UC San Diego); Devon Gessert (UC San Diego); Tamie Sather, MS (UC San Diego); Gus Jiminez, MBS (UC San Diego); Danielle Harvey, PhD (UC Davis); Michael Donohue, PhD (UC San Diego); Matthew Bernstein, PhD ; Nick Fox, MD (University of London); Paul Thompson, PhD (USC School of Medicine); Norbert Schuff, PhD (UCSF MRI); Charles DeCArli, MD (UC Davis); Bret Borowski, RT (Mayo Clinic); Jeff Gunter, PhD (Mayo Clinic); Matt Senjem, MS (Mayo Clinic); Prashanthi Vemuri, PhD (Mayo Clinic); David Jones, MD (Mayo Clinic); Kejal Kantarci (Mayo Clinic); Chad Ward (Mayo Clinic); Robert A. Koeppe, PhD ; Norm Foster, MD (University of Utah); Eric M. Reiman, MD (Banner Alzheimer's Institute); Kewei Chen, PhD (Banner Alzheimer's Institute); Chet Mathis, MD (University of Pittsburgh); Susan Landau, PhD (UC Berkeley); Nigel J. Cairns, PhD, MRCPath (Washington University St. Louis); Erin Householder (Washington University St. Louis); Lisa Taylor Reinwald, BA, HTL (Washington University St. Louis); Virginia Lee, PhD, MBA (UPenn School of Medicine); Magdalena Korecka, PhD (UPenn School of Medicine); Michal Figurski, PhD (UPenn School of Medicine); Karen Crawford (USC); Scott Neu, PhD (USC); Tatiana M. Foroud, PhD (Indiana University); Steven Potkin, MD UC (UC Irvine); Li Shen, PhD (Indiana University); Faber Kelley, MS, CCRC (Indiana University); Sungeun Kim, PhD (Indiana University); Kwangsik Nho, PhD (Indiana University); Zaven Kachaturian, PhD ; Richard Frank, MD, PhD ; Peter J. Snyder, PhD (Brown University); Susan Molchan, PhD ; Jeffrey Kaye, MD ; Joseph Quinn, MD ; Betty Lind, BS ; Raina Carter, BA ; Sara Dolen, BS ; Lon S. Schneider, MD ; Sonia Pawluczyk, MD ; Mauricio Beccera, BS ; Liberty Teodoro, RN ; Bryan M. Spann, DO, PhD ; James Brewer, MD, PhD ; Helen Vanderswag, RN ; Adam Fleisher, MD ; Judith L. Heidebrink, MD, MS (University of Michigan); Joanne L. Lord, LPN, BA, CCRC (University of Michigan); Ronald Petersen, MD, PhD ; Sara S. Mason, RN ; Colleen S. Albers, RN ; David Knopman, MD ; Kris Johnson, RN ; Rachelle S. Doody, MD, PhD (Baylor College of Medicine); Javier Villanueva Meyer, MD (Baylor College of Medicine); Munir Chowdhury, MBBS, MS (Baylor College of Medicine); Susan Rountree, MD (Baylor College of Medicine); Mimi Dang, MD (Baylor College of Medicine); Yaakov Stern, PhD ; Lawrence S. Honig, MD, PhD ; Karen L. Bell, MD ; Beau Ances, MD ; John C. Morris, MD ; Maria Carroll, RN, MSN ; Sue Leon, RN, MSN ; Erin Householder, MS, CCRP ; Mark A. Mintun, MD ; Stacy Schneider, APRN, BC, GNP ; Angela Oliver, RN, BSN, MSG ; Daniel Marson, JD, PhD (University of Alabama Birmingham); Randall Griffith, PhD, ABPP (University of Alabama Birmingham); David Clark, MD (University of Alabama Birmingham); David Geldmacher, MD (University of Alabama Birmingham); John Brockington, MD (University of Alabama Birmingham); Erik Roberson, MD (University of Alabama Birmingham); Hillel Grossman, MD (Mount Sinai School of Medicine); Effie Mitsis, PhD (Mount Sinai School of Medicine); Leyla deToledo\u2010Morrell, PhD ; Raj C. Shah, MD ; Ranjan Duara, MD (Wien Center); Daniel Varon, MD (Wien Center); Maria T. Greig, HP (Wien Center); Peggy Roberts, CNA (Wien Center); Marilyn Albert, PhD (Johns Hopkins University); Chiadi Onyike, MD (Johns Hopkins University); Daniel D'Agostino II, BS (Johns Hopkins University); Stephanie Kielb, BS (Johns Hopkins University); James E. Galvin, MD, MPH (New York University); Dana M. Pogorelec (New York University); Brittany Cerbone (New York University); Christina A. Michel (New York University); Henry Rusinek, PhD (New York University); Mony J. de Leon, EdD (New York University); Lidia Glodzik, MD, PhD (New York University); Susan De Santi, PhD (New York University); P. Murali Doraiswamy, MD ; Jeffrey R. Petrella, MD ; Terence Z. Wong, MD ; Steven E. Arnold, MD (University of Pennsylvania); Jason H. Karlawish, MD (University of Pennsylvania); David Wolk, MD (University of Pennsylvania); Charles D. Smith, MD (University of Kentucky); Greg Jicha, MD (University of Kentucky); Peter Hardy, PhD (University of Kentucky); Partha Sinha, PhD (University of Kentucky); Elizabeth Oates, MD (University of Kentucky); Gary Conrad, MD (University of Kentucky); Oscar L. Lopez, MD (University of Pittsburgh); MaryAnn Oakley, MA (University of Pittsburgh); Donna M. Simpson, CRNP, MPH (University of Pittsburgh); Anton P. Porsteinsson, MD ; Bonnie S. Goldstein, MS, NP ; Kim Martin, RN ; Kelly M. Makino, BS ; M. Saleem Ismail, MD ; Connie Brand, RN ; Ruth A. Mulnard, DNSc, RN, FAAN ; Gaby Thai, MD ; Catherine Mc Adams Ortiz, MSN, RN, A/GNP ; Kyle Womack, MD ; Dana Mathews, MD, PhD ; Mary Quiceno, MD ; Ramon Diaz Arrastia, MD, PhD ; Richard King, MD ; Myron Weiner, MD ; Kristen Martin Cook, MA ; Michael DeVous, PhD ; Allan I. Levey, MD, PhD (Emory University); James J. Lah, MD, PhD (Emory University); Janet S. Cellar, DNP, PMHCNS BC (Emory University); Jeffrey M. Burns, MD ; Heather S. Anderson, MD ; Russell H. Swerdlow, MD ; Liana Apostolova, MD ; Kathleen Tingus, PhD ; Ellen Woo, PhD ; Daniel H.S. Silverman, MD, PhD ; Po H. Lu, PsyD ; George Bartzokis, MD ; Neill R. Graff Radford, MBBCH, FRCP (London) ; Francine Parfitt, MSH, CCRC ; Tracy Kendall, BA, CCRP ; Heather Johnson, MLS, CCRP ; Martin R. Farlow, MD (Indiana University); Ann Marie Hake, MD (Indiana University); Brandy R. Matthews, MD (Indiana University); Scott Herring, RN, CCRC (Indiana University); Cynthia Hunt, BS, CCRP (Indiana University); Christopher H. van Dyck, MD ; Richard E. Carson, PhD ; Martha G. MacAvoy, PhD ; Howard Chertkow, MD ; Howard Bergman, MD ; Chris Hosein, Med ; Sandra Black, MD, FRCPC ; Dr Bojana Stefanovic ; Curtis Caldwell, PhD ; Ging Yuek Robin Hsiung, MD, MHSc, FRCPC (U.B.C. Clinic for AD & Related Disorders); Howard Feldman, MD, FRCPC (U.B.C. Clinic for AD & Related Disorders); Benita Mudge, BS (U.B.C. Clinic for AD & Related Disorders); Michele Assaly, MA Past (U.B.C. Clinic for AD & Related Disorders); Andrew Kertesz, MD ; John Rogers, MD ; Dick Trost, PhD ; Charles Bernick, MD ; Donna Munic, PhD ; Diana Kerwin, MD (Northwestern University); Marek Marsel Mesulam, MD (Northwestern University); Kristine Lipowski, BA (Northwestern University); Chuang Kuo Wu, MD, PhD (Northwestern University); Nancy Johnson, PhD (Northwestern University); Carl Sadowsky, MD ; Walter Martinez, MD ; Teresa Villena, MD ; Raymond Scott Turner, MD, PhD ; Kathleen Johnson, NP ; Brigid Reynolds, NP ; Reisa A. Sperling, MD ; Keith A. Johnson, MD ; Gad Marshall, MD ; Meghan Frey ; Jerome Yesavage, MD (Stanford University); Joy L. Taylor, PhD (Stanford University); Barton Lane, MD (Stanford University); Allyson Rosen, PhD (Stanford University); Jared Tinklenberg, MD (Stanford University); Marwan N. Sabbagh, MD ; Christine M. Belden, PsyD ; Sandra A. Jacobson, MD ; Sherye A. Sirrel, MS ; Neil Kowall, MD (Boston University); Ronald Killiany, PhD (Boston University); Andrew E. Budson, MD (Boston University); Alexander Norbash, MD (Boston University); Patricia Lynn Johnson, BA (Boston University); Thomas O. Obisesan, MD, MPH (Howard University); Saba Wolday, MSc (Howard University); Joanne Allard, PhD (Howard University); Alan Lerner, MD (Case Western Reserve University); Paula Ogrocki, PhD (Case Western Reserve University); Leon Hudson, MPH (Case Western Reserve University); Evan Fletcher, PhD ; Owen Carmichael, PhD ; John Olichney, MD ; Charles DeCarli, MD ; Smita Kittur, MD ; Michael Borrie, MB ChB ; T. Y. Lee, PhD ; Dr Rob Bartha, PhD ; Sterling Johnson, PhD (University of Wisconsin); Sanjay Asthana, MD (University of Wisconsin); Cynthia M. Carlsson, MD (University of Wisconsin); Steven G. Potkin, MD ; Adrian Preda, MD ; Dana Nguyen, PhD ; Pierre Tariot, MD (Banner Alzheimer's Institute); Adam Fleisher, MD (Banner Alzheimer's Institute); Stephanie Reeder, BA (Banner Alzheimer's Institute); Vernice Bates, MD (Dent Neurologic Institute); Horacio Capote, MD (Dent Neurologic Institute); Michelle Rainka, PharmD, CCRP (Dent Neurologic Institute); Douglas W. Scharre, MD (Ohio State University); Maria Kataki, MD, PhD (Ohio State University); Anahita Adeli, MD (Ohio State University); Earl A. Zimmerman, MD ; Dzintra Celmins, MD ; Alice D. Brown, FNP ; Godfrey D. Pearlson, MD ; Karen Blank, MD ; Karen Anderson, RN ; Robert B. Santulli, MD ; Tamar J. Kitzmiller ; Eben S. Schwartz, PhD ; Kaycee M. Sink, MD, MAS ; Jeff D. Williamson, MD, MHS ; Pradeep Garg, PhD ; Franklin Watkins, MD ; Brian R. Ott, MD ; Henry Querfurth, MD ; Geoffrey Tremont, PhD ; Stephen Salloway, MD, MS ; Paul Malloy, PhD ; Stephen Correia, PhD ; Howard J. Rosen, MD (UC San Francisco); Bruce L. Miller, MD (UC San Francisco); Jacobo Mintzer, MD, MBA ; Kenneth Spicer, MD, PhD ; David Bachman, MD ; Elizabeth Finger, MD ; Stephen Pasternak, MD ; Irina Rachinsky, MD ; John Rogers, MD ; Andrew Kertesz, MD ; Dick Drost, MD ; Nunzio Pomara, MD (Nathan Kline Institute); Raymundo Hernando, MD (Nathan Kline Institute); Antero Sarrael, MD (Nathan Kline Institute); Susan K. Schultz, MD ; Laura L. Boles Ponto, PhD ; Hyungsub Shim, MD ; Karen Elizabeth Smith, RN ; Norman Relkin, MD, PhD (Cornell University); Gloria Chaing, MD (Cornell University); Lisa Raudin, PhD (Cornell University); Amanda Smith, MD ; Kristin Fargher, MD ; Balebail Ashok Raj, MD AIBL's large, multidisciplinary research team includes the following active members.Arti Appannah, Mary Barnes, Kevin Barnham, Justin Bedo, Shayne Bellingham, Lynette Bon, Pierrick Bourgeat, Belinda Brown, Rachel Buckley, Samantha Burnham, Ashley Bush, Graeme Chandler, Karren Chen, Roger Clarnette, Steven Collins, Ian Cooke, Tiffany Cowie, Kay Cox, Emily Cuningham, Elizabeth Cyarto, Phuong Anh Vu Dang, David Darby, Patricia Desmond, James Doecke, Vincent Dore, Harriet Downing, Belinda Dridan, Konsta Duesing, Michael Fahey, Maree Farrow, Noel Faux, Michael Fenech, Shane Fernandez, Binosha Fernando, Chris Fowler, Maxime Francois, Jurgen Fripp, Shaun Frost, Samantha Gardener, Simon Gibson, Petra Graham, Veer Gupta, David Hansen, Karra Harrington, Andy Hill, Eugene Hone, Maryam Hor, Malcolm Horne, Brenda Huckstepp, Andrew Jones, Gareth Jones, Adrian Kamer, Yogi Kanagasingam, Lisa Keam, Adam Kowalczyk, Betty Krivdic, Chiou Peng Lam, Fiona Lamb, Nicola Lautenschlager, Simon Laws, Wayne Leifert, Nat Lenzo, Hugo Leroux, Falak Lftikhar, Qiao\u2010Xin Li, Florence Lim, Lucy Lim, Linda Lockett, Kathy Lucas, Mark Mano, Caroline Marczak, Georgia Martins, Paul Maruff, Yumiko Matsumoto, Sabine Bird,Rachel McKay, Rachel Mulligan, Tabitha Nash, Julie Nigro, Graeme O'Keefe, Kevin Ong, Bernadette Parker, Steve Pedrini, Jeremiah Peiffer, Sveltana Pejoska, Lisa Penny, Keyla Perez, Kelly Pertile, Pramit Phal, Tenielle Porter, Stephanie Rainey\u2010Smith, Parnesh Raniga, Alan Rembach, Carolina Restrepo, Malcolm Riley, Blaine Roberts, Jo Robertson, Mark Rodrigues, Alicia Rooney, Rebecca Rumble, Tim Ryan, Mather Samuel, Ian Saunders, Greg Savage, Brendan Silbert, Hamid Sohrabi, Julie Syrette, Cassandra Szoeke, Kevin Taddei, Tania Taddei, Sherilyn Tan, Michelle Tegg, Philip Thomas, Darshan Trivedi, Brett Trounson, Robyn Veljanovski, Giuseppe Verdile, Victor Villemagne, Irene Volitakis, Cassandra Vockler, Michael Vovos, Freda Vrantsidis, Stacey Walker, Andrew Watt, Mike Weinborn, Bill Wilson, Michael Woodward, Olga Yastrubetskaya, Paul Yates, Ping Zhang.Supporting InformationClick here for additional data file.Supporting InformationClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Early detection and intervention are critical for improved outcomes in mental disorders, and this is particularly true for bipolar disorders. Understanding the risk factors involved in the onset of the disease and the subsequent relapses and recurrences may lead to better results as regards to functional outcomes, which are the most relevant for patients and their significant others. This presentation will review those factors and discuss which ones can be used as targets for early intervention. It has been argued that, most often, early intervention comes late, and it is therefore paramount to build on strategies aimed at effective detection of people at risk and situations that may lead to recurring episodes of illness. Treatments not only aimed at treating symptoms, but at improving illness trajectories are necessary, and pharmacological formulations and interventions improving treatment adherence are particularly relevant to avoid interruptions of effective therapies.E. Vieta Grant / Research support from: Boehringer-ingelheim, Compass, Janssen, Lundbeck, Novartis, Consultant of: AB-Biotics, AbbVie, Adamed, Angelini, Biogen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Celon Pharma, Compass, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Ethypharm, Ferrer, Gedeon Richter, GH Research, Glaxo-Smith Kline, Janssen, Lundbeck, Medincell, Merck, Novartis, Orion Corporation, Organon, Otsuka, Roche, Rovi, Sage, Sanofi-Aventis, Sunovion, Takeda, and Viatris"}
+{"text": "BJS Open, Volume 7, Issue 5, October 2023, zrad079,This is an erratum to: Anne G Lincoln, Sally C Benton, Carolyn Piggott, Shama Riaz Sheikh, Andrew D Beggs, Leah Buckley, Bianca DeSouza, James E East, Pete Sanders, Michael Lim, Donal Sheehan, Katie Snape, Helen Hanson, John R Greenaway, John Burn, David Nylander, Menna Hawkins, Fiona Lalloo, Kate Green, Thomas J Lee, Julie Walker, Gillian Matthews, Terry Rutherford, Peter Sasieni, Kevin J Monahan, Risk-stratified faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) for urgent colonoscopy in Lynch syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic, In the originally published version of this manuscript, there were errors in section a of Figure\u00a03a/b.Figure\u00a03a should read:instead of:The errors have been emended in the article."}
+{"text": "Pemphigoid gestationis (PG) is a rare blistering disorder  that usually develops during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, but can present at any stage, including postpartum.,Traditional treatment of PG includes topical and oral corticosteroids, antihistamines, and intravenous immunoglobulins.A 36-year-old woman with a prior history of PG was referred to our Dermatology clinic by her obstetrician for an itchy rash on her legs that had been present for 1 to 2\u00a0weeks . Her iniclinicaltrial.gov NCT04206553.,PG is a rare pruritic blistering disease that occurs surrounding pregnancy. Treatment primarily relies on oral corticosteroids, which can elicit many undesirable systemic symptoms.Dr Anadkat has served as a Consultant and/or Advisor for ImClone, Bristol Myers Squibb, Astra Zeneca, Therakos, Aspire Bariatrics, Biogen, Amgen, Veloce, Adgero, Eli Lilly, Abbvie, UCB Biopharma, Innovaderm, Boehringer-Ingelheim, OnQuality, Novocure, Springworks, BioLinq, and Protagonist. MJA has served as a Principal Investigator for Novartis, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Lutris, OnQuality, UCB Biopharma, InflamRx, Eli Lilly, InCyte, Abbvie, Moonlake, AnaptysBio, Hana Biosciences, Xoma, Veloce, Biogen, Xbiotech, and Chemocentryx. Author Chen and Dr Yokoyama have no conflicts of interest to declare."}
+{"text": "Pretreatment predictors of finite nucleo(s)tide analogue (NUC) therapy remain elusive. We studied the association between pretreatment HBV DNA levels and outcomes after therapy cessation.Patients with chronic hepatitis B who were HBeAg negative at the start of NUC treatment were enrolled from sites in Asia and Europe. We studied the association between pretreatment HBV DNA levels and (1) clinical relapse  and (2) HBsAg loss after NUC withdrawal.vs. 60% among patients with pretreatment HBV DNA levels >20,000 IU/ml, whereas the cumulative probabilities of HBsAg loss were 17.5% vs. 5% (p <0.001). In multivariable analysis, pretreatment HBV DNA levels <20,000 IU/ml were independently associated with a reduced likelihood of clinical relapse  and with an increased chance of HBsAg loss .We enrolled 757 patients, 88% Asian, 57% treated with entecavir, with a median duration of treatment of 159 (IQR 156\u2013262) weeks. Mean pretreatment HBV DNA levels were 5.70 (SD 1.5) log IU/ml and were low  in 150 (20%) and high  in 607 (80%). The cumulative risk of clinical relapse at 144 weeks after therapy cessation was 22% among patients with pretreatment HBV DNA levels <20,000 IU/ml Lower pretreatment HBV DNA levels are associated with a lower risk of clinical relapse and a higher chance of HBsAg loss after cessation of NUC therapy, independent of end-of-treatment viral antigen levels. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in non-Asian populations.A subgroup of patients with chronic hepatitis B may not require retreatment after stopping antiviral therapy. In this study, comprising 757 patients with chronic hepatitis B from Europe and Asia, we found that higher viral load before initiation of treatment was a risk factor for relapse after stopping treatment. Patients with a low HBV DNA level before starting antiviral therapy had the lowest risk of relapse, and a high chance of HBsAg loss, after stopping treatment. These findings can help select patients for treatment withdrawal and guide intensity of off-treatment monitoring.  \u2022A subset of patients may achieve sustained remission and even HBsAg loss after cessation of nucleo(s)tide analogue therapy.\u2022Higher pretreatment HBV DNA levels were associated with a higher risk of clinical relapse, and a lower chance of HBsAg loss, after cessation of treatment.\u2022A pretreatment HBV DNA level <20,000 IU/ml was associated with favourable outcomes after cessation of antiviral therapy.\u2022The association between pretreatment HBV DNA levels and off-treatment outcomes was independent of other established predictors, including end-of-treatment HBsAg and HBcrAg levels. Interestingly, recent studies indicate that a subset of patients may achieve persistently low HBV DNA levels and even HBsAg clearance after cessation of NUC therapy. Such favourable outcomes are more likely to be achieved in non-Asian patients, and in those with low end-of-treatment (EOT) viral antigen and/or HBV RNA levels.e.g. alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and viral antigen levels). These findings can therefore not be used to counsel currently untreated patients who are considering antiviral therapy regarding their chances of finite therapy. The association between low EOT viral antigen levels and low relapse rates suggests that patients with low replicative CHB are more likely to achieve successful therapy withdrawal. Indeed, previous small studies indicate that low pretreatment HBV DNA levels may also be associated with favourable outcomes after therapy cessation, although findings are conflicting.,Long-term treatment with nucleo(s)tide analogues (NUCs) results in HBV DNA suppression in the vast majority of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Suppression of HBV DNA is associated with histological improvement and a reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.The aim of the current study was therefore to assess the relationship between pretreatment HBV DNA levels and off-treatment outcomes after cessation of NUC therapy.,,The current study used data from a pooled dataset comprising patients with CHB who discontinued NUC therapy as part of studies or clinical practice in centres in Europe and Asia.HBV DNA was measured using local PCR methods. HBsAg was measured using various standardised methods. HBcrAg was quantified with the Lumipulse G HBcrAg assay  on a LUMIPULSE G1200 analyser . The assay\u2019s lower limit of quantification is 3 log U/ml, and the lower limit of detection is 2 log U/ml. HBV genotyping was performed using various methods including line-probe assays, restriction fragment length polymorphism, and/or sequencing. Other biochemical tests were performed using local laboratory facilities. Stage of liver disease was assessed based on liver stiffness or biopsy (when available). Cirrhosis could also be ruled in based on compatible imaging findings.vs. >20,000 IU/ml), and stratified by EOT HBsAg (<100 and >100 IU/ml) or HBcrAg levels (undetectable and detectable) and compared using log-rank tests. We also performed multivariable Cox regression analyses, which were adjusted for previously reported predictors of outcome after therapy withdrawal, including antiviral agent, patient ethnicity (or HBV genotype), age, sex, EOT viral antigen levels, and baseline and EOT ALT levels.The association between pretreatment HBV DNA levels and EOT HBcrAg and HBsAg levels was explored using Pearson correlation and multivariable linear regression adjusting for patient age and duration of antiviral therapy. Clinical relapse was defined as the occurrence of either HBV DNA >2,000 IU/ml with ALT >2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0the upper limit of normal or re-initiation of antiviral therapy (for any reason). Patients achieving HBsAg loss were considered to remain free from clinical relapse. HBsAg loss was defined as undetectable HBsAg at any time during off-treatment follow-up. Retreated patients were considered persistently HBsAg positive. Cumulative probabilities of either endpoint were estimated using the Kaplan\u2013Meier estimator in the overall population, across HBV DNA level categories . All statistical tests were two-sided and were evaluated at the 0.05 level of significance.p <0.001). Information on the presence of cirrhosis was unavailable for 309 patients; among the remaining 448 patients, 23 (5.1%) had cirrhosis. Cohort characteristics are shown according to pretreatment HBV DNA level in We enrolled 757 patients, the majority of whom were treated with entecavir 56.5%; . The medp <0.001) and EOT HBsAg levels . These associations were consistent in multivariable linear regression adjusted for age and duration of therapy .Mean pretreatment HBV DNA was 5.70 (SD 1.5) log IU/ml; pretreatment HBV DNA levels were <20,000 IU/ml in 150 (20%) and >20,000 IU/ml in 607 (80%). Mean HBsAg levels at EOT were 2.46 (SD 0.9) log IU/ml, and mean HBcrAg levels at EOT were 3.11 (SD 1.0) log U/ml. We observed a positive, albeit weak, correlation between pretreatment HBV DNA and EOT HBcrAg .Patients with low pretreatment HBV DNA levels had significantly lower rates of clinical relapse and significantly higher chances of HBsAg clearance after therapy withdrawal A and B. Pretreatment HBV DNA levels <20,000 IU/ml were associated with a lower cumulative probability of clinical relapse and a higher cumulative probability of HBsAg loss among patients with detectable and patients with undetectable EOT HBcrAg levels . Similarp <0.001), undetectable HBcrAg, HBsAg levels <100 IU/ml, younger age, lower ALT levels, non-tenofovir therapy, and non-Asian ethnicity were associated with a reduced risk of clinical relapse after therapy cessation (p <0.001), undetectable HBcrAg, HBsAg levels <100 IU/ml, and non-Asian ethnicity were also independently associated with an increased chance of HBsAg loss after treatment cessation  fashion, as there remains a risk of post-therapy relapse.Finally, our findings are also important for the interpretation of studies conducted with novel antiviral compounds. As pretreatment viraemia appears to predict disease remission after therapy withdrawal, it will be of major importance to present the outcomes of future studies on finite therapy stratified by pretreatment HBV DNA levels to allow for comparisons across studies, cohorts, and compounds.Although our study is relatively large and enrolled patients from centres in Europe and Asia, it does have several limitations. First, we limited our analysis to patients with HBeAg-negative CHB, and our findings therefore cannot be applied to patients with HBeAg-positive disease who achieved seroconversion during treatment. Furthermore, it is important to note that the patients with pretreatment HBV DNA <20,000 IU/ml enrolled in this study likely reflect a select subgroup of such patients with an indication for antiviral therapy, based on either ALT levels (73% had elevated ALT) or otherwise. In addition, HBV DNA levels may fluctuate over time, and patients with HBV DNA <20,000 IU/ml at the time of therapy initiation may have had higher levels during previous assessments. Of note, pretreatment ALT levels were not associated with off-treatment outcomes in the overall population or in the subset of patients with low pretreatment HBV DNA levels. Another potential limitation of this dataset is the relatively low number of non-Asian patients. Although we observed consistent results among Asian and Caucasian patients, with superior outcomes observed for patients with a baseline HBV DNA level <20,000 IU/ml, findings were non-significant in the relatively limited number of Caucasian patients, and the group of non-Asian/non-Caucasian patients was too small to analyse separately. Finally, the current cohort lacks detailed information on pretreatment stage of liver disease (information was missing in 309 cases), and we were therefore unable to analyse the association between stage of liver fibrosis and outcomes after therapy cessation.In conclusion, our multicentre study shows that low pretreatment HBV DNA levels are associated with favourable outcomes after NUC cessation. Further studies are required to confirm these results in non-Asian populations. Our findings can be used to select patients for, and counsel patients about, their chances of successful finite NUC therapy.Fujirebio. Materials for HBcrAg testing were provided free of charge to several participating centres. Fujirebio had no influence on CREATE study design, data collection, data analysis, writing of the current manuscript, or the decision to submit for publication.The CREATE study was supported by Study design: MJS, SMC, CHC, BM, JYP, AK, WKS, YT, IC, MP, FvB, TB, FZ, SHA, GND, HW, MC, MFY, KA, AB, MB, TP, GP, BM, PC, MB, NSE. Collection of data: MJS, SMC, CHC, BM, JYP, AK, WKS, YT, IC, MP, FvB, TB, FZ, SHA, GND, HW, MC, MFY, KA, AB, MB, TP, GP, BM, PC, MB, NSE. Data analysis: MJS, SMC, CHC, BM, JYP, AK, WKS, YT, IC, MP, FvB, TB, FZ, SHA, GND, HW, MC, MFY, KA, AB, MB, TP, GP, PC, MB, NSE. Writing of the manuscript: MJS, SMC, CHC, BM. Critical review of the manuscript: JYP, AK, WKS, YT, IC, MP, FvB, TB, FZ, SHA, GND, HW, MC, MFY, KA, AB, MB, TP, GP, BM, PC, MB, NSE. Approval of the final version: all authors. Approval of the submission of the manuscript: all authors.The data used for the current analysis were derived from previously published cohorts and clinical datasets. The data cannot be shared.MJS has received speaker\u2019s fees and research support from Roche, Gilead, BMS, and Fujirebio. SMC has nothing to disclose. JYP is an investigator in clinical trials sponsored by AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Hanmi, and Norvatis. WKS has received speaker\u2019s fees from Mylan and AstraZeneca; has provided consultancy for Abbott; has received speaker\u2019s fees and provided consultancy for AbbVie; and has received speaker\u2019s fees from, provided consultancy for, and received research funding from Gilead Sciences. YT reports lecture fees from Fujirebio, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd, and Gilead Sciences, and research fees from Fujifilm Corp, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Sysmex, and Stanford Junior University. FvB has received research support from and provided consultancy for Roche. TB currently acts as an advisor to AbbVie, Alexion, Bayer, BMS, Gilead, Intercept, Janssen, MSD/Merck, Merz, Novartis, and Sequana Medical. He has received speaking honoraria from AbbVie, Alexion, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Gilead, Intercept, Ipsen, Janssen, MSD/Merck, Merz, Novartis, Sirtex, and Sequana Medical in the past 2 years. He has received grant support from AbbVie, BMS, Gilead, Humedics, Intercept, Janssen, MSD/Merck, Merz, Novartis, and Sequana Medical. FZ is an advisor for Aicuris, Aligos, Antios, Assembly, Blue Jay, Evotec, Gilead, and GSK, and has received research grants from Assembly, Beam, Janssen, and Viravaxx. SHA has acted as an advisor and investigator for Gilead, Janssen, AbbVie, Roche, Assembly Biosciences, Arbutus, Brii, Vaccitech, GSK, Inovio, Aligos, Vir Biotechnology, SL Vaxigen, GeneOne Life Science, GreenCross, Yuhan, Samil, and Ildong. GND is an advisor or lecturer for Ipsen, Pfizer, Genkyotex, Novartis, and Sobi; has received research grants from AbbVie and Gilead; and has served as PI in studies for AbbVie, Novartis, Gilead, Novo Nordisk, Genkyotex, Regulus Therapeutics Inc, Tiziana Life Sciences, Bayer, Astellas, Pfizer, Amyndas Pharmaceuticals, CymaBay Therapeutics Inc, Sobi, and Intercept Pharmaceuticals. MB has received fees for consultancy/speakers bureau from AbbVie, Gilead, Janssen, EISAI-MSD, and Roche. HW has received research grants from Abbott, AbbVie, BMS, Gilead, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Roche Diagnostics, and Siemens; consultant fees from Abbott, AbbVie, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, JJ/Janssen-Cilag, Merck/Schering-Plough, Novartis, Roche, Roche Diagnostics, Siemens, Transgene, and ViiV; and speaker fees from Abbott, AbbVie, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, JJ/Janssen-Cilag, Merck/Schering-Plough, Novartis, Roche, Roche Diagnostics, Siemens, Transgene, and ViiV. MC has received personal fees from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Janssen-Cilag, Merck (MSD), Biogen, Falk Foundation, Boehringer Ingelheim, Siemens, and Spring Bank as well as grants and personal fees from Roche. MFY has provided consultancy for and/or received research funding from AbbVie, Arbutus Biopharma, Assembly Biosciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Clear B Therapeutics, and Spring Bank Pharmaceuticals, and has received research funding from Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, Fujirebio Incorporation, and Sysmex Corporation. KA has received fees for consultancy/speakers bureau from Assembly, Aligos, Arbutus, Gilead, Immunocore, Janssen, Roche, Sobi, Spring Bank, and Vir, and research support from Abbott, Gilead, and MSD. AB has received research fees from Fujirebio, Gilead Sciences, and Janssen Pharma. MB reports consultancy and lecture honoraria from AbbVie, Arbutus, Gilead, Janssen, Merck/MSD, and Spring Bank. GP has served as an advisor/lecturer for AbbVie, Albireo, Dicerna, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Ipsen, MSD, Novo Nordisk, Roche, and Takeda, and has received research grants from AbbVie and Gilead. CHC has nothing to disclose. BM has received speaker and/or consulting fees from Abbott Molecular, Astellas, Intercept, Falk, AbbVie, Norgine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Fujirebio, Janssen-Cilag, Merck (MSD), and Roche. He has also received research support from Abbott Molecular, Altona Diagnostics, Fujirebio, and Roche.Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-40712-6, published online 22 August 2023Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Montaser M. Hassan was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.\u2019The correct affiliations are as follows:Department of Entomology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 22062, Pakistan.Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box11099 Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Sexual Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 2, April 2023, qfad005, https://doi.org/10.1093/sexmed/qfad005This is a correction to: Kowsar Qaderi, Mansoureh Yazdkhasti, Sanaz Zangeneh, PhD, Bahar Morshed Behbahani, Mehri Kalhor, Ahmadreza Shamsabadi, Younes Jesmani, MD, Solmaz Norouzi, PhD, Mehrnaz Kajbafvala, Rasa Khodavirdilou, PhD, Nahid Rahmani, Masoumeh Namadian, Sajjad Ghane Ezabadi, MD, Ibrahim Alkatout, Esmaeel Mehraeen, Dara Rasoal, PhD, Changes in sexual activities, function, and satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic era: a systematic review and meta-analysis, In the originally published version of this manuscript, Esmaeil Mehraeen's name and affiliation were incorrectly presented. The correct information for this author is:Esmaeil MehraeenDepartment of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran.This error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Strocov, Mo\u00efra Hocevar, Chris Palmstr\u00f8m,and Noa Marom. These errors are misprints made by the publisher. Theydo not affect the scientific content of the paper. The correct affiliationsare provided here:The original version of thisarticle (An-Hsi Chen: Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP,Institut N\u00e9el, 38000 Grenoble, France.Yu-Hao Chang:Materials Department, University of California-SantaBarbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.AaronEngel: Materials Department, University of California-SantaBarbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.VladimirN. Strocov: Paul Scherrer Institut, Swiss Light Source,CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.Mo\u00efra Hocevar: Universit\u00e9Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, GrenobleINP, Institut N\u00e9el, 38000 Grenoble, France.Chris Palmstr\u00f8m:Materials Department and Department of Electricaland Computer Engineering, University of California-Santa Barbara,Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.Noa Marom: Departmentof Materials Science and Engineering, Departmentof Physics, and Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University,Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States."}
+{"text": "Despite COVID-19 vaccination, individuals who are immunocompromised due to underlying conditions, such as cancer and organ transplant, are at a greater risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes compared with the general population that is vaccinated. However, there are limited data quantifying this risk during the omicron-predominant period, particularly for important sub-groups that may have variable risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes. We report initial findings from the INFORM study describing the clinical burden and severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with immunocompromised conditions (IC) in England, UK in 2022.Table 1. Severe COVID-19 outcomes were defined as COVID-19\u2013related hospitalization, COVID-19\u2013related intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and/or COVID-related death.This retrospective cohort study utilized National Health Service database in England. The study period was from Jan 1\u2013Dec 31, 2022 and the baseline period for assessment of patient characteristics, including IC, was from Jan 1, 2017\u2013Dec 31, 2021. Definitions of IC sub-groups are provided in Table 2). The risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes was higher in well-recognized IC conditions  across all the sub-groups compared with the overall population (Table 2).Of the 11,990,730 individuals in the general population sample aged \u2265 12 years, 468,745 (3.9%) were immunocompromised and accounted for approximately one-quarter of severe COVID-19\u2013related outcomes (22% of hospitalizations, 28% of ICU admissions, and 23% of deaths; There is an increased burden in the prevalence of severe COVID-19 outcomes among all individuals with IC, highlighting the need for additional protection to target this population.Richard McNulty, MD, AstraZeneca: Employee Sabada Dube, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee Yi Lu, PhD, Evidera: Employee Sophie Graham, MSc, Evidera: Employee Sofie Arnetorp, MS, AstraZeneca: Employee Nahila Justo, PhD, MBA, Evidera: Employee|Karolinska Institute: Employee Renata Yokota, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee Kathryn Evans, MPH, Evidera: Employee Sudhir Venkatesan, MPH, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee Mark Yates, PhD, Evidera: Employee Sylvia Taylor, PhD, MPH, MBA, AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Jennifer Quint, PhD, AstraZeneca: Grant/Research Support|Evidera: Grant/Research Support|GlaxoSmithKline: Grant/Research Support|Insmed: Grant/Research Support Rachael A. Evans, PhD FRCP, AstraZeneca: Advisor/Consultant|Boehringer: Advisor/Consultant|Evidera: Advisor/Consultant"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because SUR, QX, US, MAB, and AR did not agree with the retraction. LR, GY, ANS, MSJ, AD, and ZD either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Sparsentan is a novel single-molecule dual endothelin angiotensin receptor antagonist with hemodynamic and anti-inflammatory properties and is not an immunosuppressant. The ongoing phase 3 PROTECT trial examines sparsentan in adults with IgA nephropathy (IgAN).The PROTECT trial (NCT03762850) is a multicenter, international, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled study. The efficacy and safety of sparsentan versus the active control irbesartan is being evaluated in adults with biopsy-proven IgAN and proteinuria\u00a0\u22651.0 g/d despite maximized treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and/or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) for at least 12 weeks. Blinded and aggregated baseline characteristics are reported descriptively and compared to contemporary phase 3 trials with patients with IgAN.The primary analysis population includes 404 patients who were randomized and received study drug . Enrolled patients were from Europe (53%), Asia Pacific (27%), and North America (20%). Baseline median urinary protein excretion was 1.8 g/d. The range of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was broad with the largest proportion of patients (35%) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3B. Before transitioning to study medication, mean systolic/diastolic blood pressure was 129/82 mm\u00a0Hg, with the majority of patients (63.4%) receiving the maximum labeled ACEi or ARB dose. Patients in Asian versus non-Asian regions included a higher percentage of females, had lower blood pressures, and included lower proportions of patients with a history of hypertension and baseline antihypertensive treatment.Patient enrollment in PROTECT, with differing racial backgrounds and across CKD stages, will allow for important characterization of the treatment effect of sparsentan in patients with IgAN with proteinuria at high risk of kidney failure.  Details of the study methods have been previously reportedThe PROTECT trial ; and systolic blood pressure\u00a0\u2264150 mm\u00a0Hg, and diastolic blood pressure\u00a0\u2264100 mm\u00a0Hg. Key exclusion criteria were as follows: IgAN secondary to another condition or IgA vasculitis; cellular glomerular crescents present in >25% of glomeruli on kidney biopsy within 6 months before screening; a cause of CKD in addition to IgAN; administration of any systemic immunosuppressive medications (including corticosteroids) for >2 weeks within 3 months before screening; and significant cerebrovascular, cardiovascular (including New York Heart Association Class II\u2013IV heart failure), or hepatic conditions.The study duration of 270 weeks includes a double-blind period of 114 weeks  followed by an open-label extension period of up to 156 weeks. Eligible patients met the following key inclusion criteria at screening: male or female aged\u00a0\u226518 years; biopsy-proven IgAN (the biopsy may have been performed at any time in the past); 24-hour urine protein excretion value\u00a0\u22651.0 g/d; eGFR\u00a0\u226530 ml/min per 1.73 mEnrolled patients discontinued RAASi and any other prohibited concomitant medications  before the randomization (day 1) visit and completed comprehensive baseline evaluations and clinical laboratory tests. Routine blood and urine samples for laboratory assessments were analyzed at a central laboratory . eGFR was determined using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology formula.The primary efficacy end point of the PROTECT trial is the change from baseline (day 1) in urine protein-to-creatinine ratio on the basis of a 24-hour urine sample at week 36. Key secondary efficacy endpoints include chronic eGFR slope over 1 and 2 years  and total eGFR slope over the full double-blind treatment period of 110 weeks, as well as a variety of proteinuria variables up to week\u00a0114.In this report of the baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the PROTECT trial, the blinded and aggregated data of the enrolled patients in the primary analysis population are summarized descriptively. The primary analysis population includes the patients who at the time of data extraction were randomized and had taken at least 1 dose of the assigned treatment. Baseline is defined as the last nonmissing observation on or before the start of dosing. Mean and SD are used for normally distributed characteristics; median and interquartile range (IQR) are used for characteristics with a skewed distribution.,,,,We compared the baseline characteristics of participants enrolled in PROTECT to those of participants enrolled in other contemporary phase 3 trials with patients with IgAN. We identified the following 4 such studies: (i) Supportive Versus Immunosuppressive Therapy for the Treatment of Progressive IgA Nephropathy ,A total of 671 patients were screened; 406 patients from clinical sites in 18 countries met eligibility criteria and were enrolled and randomized into PROTECT. Two randomized patients withdrew from the study before initiating study treatment. The 404 randomized patients who received study drug were included in the primary analysis population, and their baseline characteristics are described here. Approximately half of the enrolled patients were from Europe (53%), followed by Asia Pacific (27%) and North America (20%). Patients had a median age of 46 years and were primarily male, White, and non-Hispanic; 28.5% of patients were Asian . The iniBaseline assessments showed median urine protein-to-creatinine ratio of 1.2 g/g, median urinary protein excretion of 1.8 g/d, and 12.1% of patients had nephrotic-range proteinuria . Median Before transitioning from ACEi and/or ARB treatment to study medication, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 129.0 and 82.4 mm\u00a0Hg, respectively. Of the 404 randomized patients that received study medication, 403 patients (99.8%) were receiving ACEi and/or ARB treatment at screening and during the screening period . A highen\u00a0= 74) and non-Asian  geographic regions .2, shifted the target population to those with more progressed disease. Low eGFR is a strong predictor of kidney failure,2 at screening, 20 patients (5%) experienced eGFR\u00a0<30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at baseline (minimum eGFR was 24 ml/min per 1.73 m2). The benefit of this broad approach will be the ability to evaluate the treatment effects of sparsentan versus irbesartan from early to later stages of disease progression.In contrast to these dedicated IgAN studies, phase 3 trials enrolling a broad spectrum of patients with diabetic and nondiabetic CKD have been initiated. These studies, such as DAPA-CKD,,,,,As noted previously, phase 3 studies have varied greatly in the geographic region in which they were conducted, which may be reflected in some of the differences in certain patient baseline characteristics. PROTECT, DAPA-CKD, and NefIgArd are global studies enrolling patients across multiple continents. In contrast, STOP-IGAN recruited patients from 32 centers in Germany and TESTING was predominantly in sites in China.,,,A final consideration when comparing the phase 3 IgAN trials is the choice of comparator. Unlike the other phase 3 studies and other ongoing phase 2 and phase 3 trials in IgAN, PROTECT is unique in the double-blind randomized application of an active control, irbesartan, to compare to the investigational drug, sparsentan. Each of the IgAN-dedicated studies relies on the investigators to use their best judgment as to whether a patient is on a maximum tolerated dose if the patient is on less than the MLD of an unblinded RAASi at study entry.A limitation of the PROTECT trial is that the assessment of microscopic hematuria was not possible given the use of a central laboratory for analyses. This would have resulted in an unreliable analysis of microhematuria because of the transport time and analysis delays. In addition, there was no systematic collection of history of macroscopic hematuria from patients at study entry. The MLD of ACEis and ARBs may be defined differently in different geographic regions. To minimize heterogeneity for assessment of eligibility and reporting, a strength of the PROTECT trial is the use of a standardized daily doses table that was applied on the basis of a consensus of the majority of participating countries .Sparsentan is a novel single-molecule dual endothelin angiotensin receptor antagonist that is not an immunosuppressant agent. It is being evaluated in PROTECT as a promising new therapeutic in IgAN, an entity with unmet need for novel therapies. The patients enrolled in PROTECT were adults with biopsy-confirmed IgAN (excluding IgAN secondary to another condition or IgA vasculitis) and at high risk of progression to kidney failure requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation based on urinary protein excretion\u00a0\u22651.0 g/d despite maximum standard-of-care treatment with ACEi and ARB at screening. The enrollment of patients across both (i) Asian and non-Asian geographic regions with differing racial backgrounds, and (ii) a full range of CKD stages will enable characterization of the treatment effect of sparsentan in high-risk patients with IgAN across geographic regions and levels of kidney function, respectively.Bhadran Bose, Muralikrishna Gangadharan, Stephen McDonald, Chen Peh, Sadia Jahan, Chii Yeap, Philip Clayton, Georgina Irish, Nikhil Thyagarajan, Peter Hollett, Rathika Krishnasamy, Robert Carroll, Shilpanjali Jesudason, Susan Crail, Toby Coates, Jane Waugh, Euan Noble, Kumaradevan Mahadevan, Victoria Campbell, Tania Salehi, Wai Lim, Neil Boudville, Aron Chakera, Doris Chan, Anoushka Krishnan, Yusuf Eqbal, Alastair Gillies, Eswari Vilayur, Thida Maung Maung Myint, Nicholas Gray, Jane Waugh, Euan Noble, Melissa Cheetham, Yusuf Eqbal, Peter Hollett, Rathika Krishnasamy, Kumaradevan Mahadevan, Victoria Campbell, Carol Pollock, Bruce Cooper, Amanda Mather, Sarah Roxburgh, Yvonne Shen, Stefanie Stangenberg, Amanda Siriwardana, Muh Geot Wong, Emma O\u2019Lone, Susan Wan, Brendon Neuen, Jeffrey Tsun Kit Ha, Dana Kim, Lauren Heath, Arunima Jain, Elaine Phua, Yan Li, Martin Gallagher, Meg Jardine, Angus Ritchie, Mona Razavian, Celine Foote, Roger Wyndham, Shaundeep Sen, Zoltan Endre, Jonathan Erlich, Mangalee Fernando, Kenneth Yong, Grant Luxton, Sradha Kotwal, Simon Roger, Vidu Wijeratne, David Packham, and Ian Fraser.Bert Vandewiele, Margo Laute, Wim Lemahieu, Sofie Jamar, Sara Ombelet, Gert Meeus, Marc Decupere, Olivier Schockaert, Peter Doubel, Liesbeth Viaene, Luc Radermacher, Catherine Masset, Martial Moonen, Eric Firre, Martina Milicevic, Xavier Warling, Bart Maes, An Vanacker, and Thomas Malfait.Ivan Durlen, Ivica Horvatic, Ana Savuk, Lana Gellineo, Sandra Karanovic, Zivka Dika, Bojan Jelakovic, Djuro Plavljanic, Ivana Mikacic, Dubravka Trajbar Kentric, Dunja Barisic, Marija Stankovic, Karolina Majstorovic Barac, Ivan Kruljac, Drasko Pavlovic, Martin Drinkovic, Ingrid Prkacin, Jerko Barbic, Zvonimir Sitas, and Dunja Vujcic.Ivan Rychlik, Anna Benesova, Klara Drinovska, Karolina Kratka, Vladimir Tesar, and Dita Maixnerova.Madis Ilmoja, Kristin Unt, Kadri Lilienthal, Asta Auerbach, Liisi Leis, Julia Piel, Annika Adoberg, Mai Rosenberg, Kulli Kolvald, Kristi Veermae, Kadri Telling, Elviira Seppet, and Jana Uhlinova.Philippe Zaoui, Pierre-Louis Carron, Ingrid Masson, Miriana Dinic, Damien Thibaudin, Christian Broyet, Nicolas Maillard, Hesham Mohey, Christophe Mariat, Guillaume Claisse, Eric Alamartine, Bertrand Dussol, Stephane Burtey, Noemie Chiche-Jourde, Jean-Emmanuel Serre, Guillaume Jeantet, Leila Chenine, Anne Blanchard, Stephane Roueff, Eric Thervet, David Fouassier, Alexandre Buffet, Marine Livrozet, Roxane Gaisset, Alexandre Karras, Anne-Elisabeth Heng, Cyril Garrouste, Carole Philipponnet, Clementine Nicolo, Alba Atenza, Camille Lanaret, Clarisse Greze, Valentin Mayet, Clement Dumond, Yahsou Delmas, Christian Combe, Claire Rigothier, Laure Burguet, Aurore Labat, Simon Mucha, and Val\u00e9rie de Pr\u00e9cigout.Thomas Weinreich, Helmut Reichel, Diliana Draganova, Lothar Wolf, Bernd Hohenstein, Sven Heinrichs, Simone Kulka, Sebahat Sat, Lea Weiland, Thilo Krueger, Gunter Wolf, Christiane Kettner, Mandy Schlosser, Johann Konstantin Herfurth, Annegret Koch, Martin Busch, Stephan Christian Werth, Martin Nitschke, Figen Cakiroglu, Franziska Sarnow, Lisa Schulz, Stefan Weiner, Nikolaus Wirtz, Eric Koester, Marcus Moeller, Juergen Floege, Eleni Stamellou, Silja Sanden, Hans Schmidt-Guertler, Wanja Bernhardt, Margret Patecki, Georg Schlieper, Kevin Schulte, Annette Girardet, and Ulrich Kunzendorf.Sydney Chi Wai Tang, Lorraine Pui Yuen Kwan, Maggie Ming Yee Mok, Gary Chi Wang Chan, Mingyao Ma, Davina Ngoi Wah Lie, Anthony Ting Pong Chan, Cheuk Chun Szeto, Kit Chung Jack Ng, Siu Fai Cheung, Tak Tai Andrew Yue, Ka Shun Samuel Fung, Hon Tang, Ka Fai Yim, Wai Ping Law, Yick Hei Wong, Chi Kwan Darwin Lam, and Sze Ho Sunny Wong.Carmelita Marcantoni, Roberta Aliotta, Francesca Deodato, Gemma Patella, Nicolino Comi, Caterina Vita, Nazareno Carullo, Davide Bolignano, Michela Musolino, Matias Trillini, Norberto Perico, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Erica Daina, Luigi Biancone, Loredana Colla, Manuel Burdese, Chiara Cogno, Elena Boaglio, Isabella Abbasciano, Carlotta Federica Zizzi, Paolo Randone, Pietro Napodano, Anna Ricchiuto, Matthias Cassia, Simone Accarino, Mario Cozzolino, Rocco Baccaro, Stefano Costanzi, Federica Di Maio, Maria Arena, Federica Urciuolo, Sara Vigano, Andrea Cavalli, Monica Limardo, Monica Bordoli, Serena Ponti, Selena Longhi, Andrea Solazzo, Francesco Giaroni, Gabriele Donati, Massimo Torreggiani, Davide Catucci, Marco Colucci, Vittoria Esposito, Ciro Esposito, Loreto Gesualdo, Flavia Capaccio, Emma Diletta Stea, Carmen Sivo, Francesca Annese, Federica Papadia, Mirco Belingheri, Patrizia Passerini, Silvia Malvica, and Piergiorgio Messa.Marius Miglinas, Alvita Vickiene, Urte Zakauskiene, Egle Asakiene, Inga Arune Bumblyte', Asta Stankuviene, and Lina Santockiene.Ashik Hayat, Allister Williams, Peter Sizeland, Kannaiyan Rabindranath, Eddie Tan, Gerald Waters, Lai Wan Chan, Andrew Henderson, Angus Turnbull, Andrew McNally, Annie Reynolds, Helen Pilmore, Ian Dittmer, Paul Manley, Elizabeth Stallworthy, Tze Goh, David Semple, Michael Collins, Elizabeth Curry, Jafar Ahmed, and Thu Nguyen.Agata Winiarska, Justyna Zbrzezniak, Tomasz Stompor, Magdalena Krajewska, Hanna Augustyniak-Bartosik, Dorota Zielinska, Anna Jander, Malgorzata Stanczyk, Marcin Tkaczyk, Przemyslaw Miarka, Dariusz Aksamit, Piotr Jaskowski, Wladyslaw Sulowicz, Dominik Cieniawski, Julita Gontarek-Kacprzak, Robert Malecki, Elzbieta Felicjanczuk, Norbert Kwella, Bogna Kwella, and Ewa Satora.Jo\u00e3o Carlos Fernandes, Ana Marta Gomes, Marina Reis, Daniela Lopes, Catarina Almeida, Helena S\u00e1, Ana Carolina Figueiredo, Clara Pardinhas, Edgar Almeida, Mario Raimundo, Ana Cortes\u00e3o Costa, Luis Pedro Falcao Goncalves, Sara Fernandes, S\u00f3nia Silva, Catarina Teixeira, Adriana Fernandes, Fernando Nolasco, Patricia Alves, Mario Gois, Nuno Fonseca, Ana Messias, Maria Menezes, Filipa Cardoso, Helena Sousa, Joana Marques, Rui Barata, Jose Antonio Lopes, Sofia Jorge, Joana Gameiro, Jose Nuno de Almeida Agapito Fonseca, Sara Goncalves, Ana Farinha, Patricia Valerio Santos, Ana Natario, Jose Carlos de Jesus Barreto, Catarina Abrantes, Elsa Sofia Quadrado Soares, Joana de Sousa Soares Felgueiras, Liliana Cunha, Lucia Parreira, Teresa Furtado, and Alvaro Vaz.Kook-Hwan Oh, Hajeong Lee, Se Joong Kim, Dong-Wan Chae, Jong Cheol Jeong, Yeong Hoon Kim, Yunmi Kim, Hyeong Cheon Park, Hoon Young Choi, Hyung Wook Kim, Moon Hyoung Lee, Songuk Yoon, Kyu-Beck Lee, Young Youl Hyun, Tae-Hyun Yoo, Seung Hyeok Han, Jung Tak Park, Sunggyun Kim, Young Rim Song, Jwa-Kyung Kim, Hyung-seok Lee, Narae Joo, JungEun Lee, Hye Ryoun Jang, Junseok Jeon, Wookyung Chung, Hyun Hee Lee, Jae Hyun Chang, Ka Yeong Chun, JiYong Jung, Han Ro, Aejin Kim, Sang-Kyung Jo, Jihyun Yang, Myung-Gyu Kim, and SeWon Oh.Caridad Martinez Villanueva, Ana Vilar Gimeno, Gustavo Andres Useche Bonilla, Esther Tamarit, Antonio Galan Serrano, Eduardo Verde Moreno, Jose Lu\u00f1o Fernandez, Maria Angeles Goicoechea Diezhandino, Ursula Verdalles Guzman, Ana Perez de Jose, Alberto Ortiz Arduan, Mar\u00eda Vanessa P\u00e9rez G\u00f3mez, Catalina Mart\u00edn Cleary, Raul Fernandez Prado, Elena Goma, Jose Ballarin, Montserrat Diaz Encarnacion, Iara Da Silva Santos, Helena Marco Rusinol, Monica Furlano, Carlos Arias, Clara Barrios, Eva Rodriguez Garcia, Adriana Sierra Ochoa, Belen Vizcaino Castillo, Jonay Pantoja Perez, Mercedes Gonzalez Moya, Mari Sargsyan, Emma Calatayud Aristoy, Ana Avila Bernabeu, Leticia Perez Lluna, Tamara Malek Marin, Maria Antonia Munar Vila, Ivon Maritza Bobadilla Rico, Natalia Allende Burgos, Eduardo Gutierrez Martinez, Elena Gutierrez Solis, Angel Sevillano, Evangelina Merida Herrero, Josep Miquel Blasco Pelicano, Lida Maria Rodas Marin, Luis F Quintana, Maria Antonieta Azancot Rivero, Natalia Ramos Terrades, Clara Garcia Carro, Irene Agraz Pamplona, Mercedes Salgueira Lazo, Francisco de la Prada Alvarez, Fabiola Alonso Garcia, Wenceslao Adrian Aguilera Morales, Salia Virxinia Pol Heres, Angel Forcen, Eduardo Parra Moncasi, Cristina Medrano Villarroya, Alejandro Soria Villen, Olga Gracia Garcia, Mercedes Velo Plaza, Maria Dolores S\u00e1nchez de la Nieta, Marta Calvo Arevalo, Antolina Moreno, Secundino Cigarran Guldris, Manuel Pereira de Vicente, Maria Antonia Munar Vila, Ivon Maritza Bobadilla Rico, and Natalia Allende BurgosBang-Gee Hsu, Chih-Hsien Wang, Cheng-Hsu Chen, Tung-Min Yu, Ming-Ju Wu, Shang-Feng Tsai, Chia-Tien Hsu, Hsien-Fu Chiu, Kang-Ju Chou, Hua-Chang Fang, Po-Tsang Lee, Hsin-Yu Chen, Chien-Liang Chen, Chien-Wei Huang, Shih-Hsiang Ou, Tzung-Yo Ho, Chih-Yang Hsu, Ming-Shan Chang, Yen-Ling Chiu, Yu-Sen Peng, Kai-Hsiang Shu, Szu-Yu Pan, Shih-Ping Hsu, Ju-Yeh Yang, Mei-Fen Pai, Po-Yu Tseng, Hon-Yen Wu, Wan-Chuan Tsai, Kuei-Ting Tung, Hung-Yuan Chen, Hung-Chun Chen, Shang-Jyh Hwang, Mei-Chuan Kuo, Daw-Yang Hwang, Yi-Wen Chiu, Chi-Chih Hung, Hung-Tien Kuo, and Jer-Chia Tsai.Kieran McCafferty, Suzanne Forbes, Indranil Dasgupta, Mark Thomas, Amar Mahdi, Bamidele Ajayi, Paramit Chowdhury, Theodoros Kasimatis, Dimitrios Moutzouris, Caroline Dudreuilh, Rishi Pruthi, Nick Mansfield, Gabriel Doctor, Sapna Shah, Sui Kon, Priscilla Smith, Patrick Hamilton, Durga Kanigicherla, Omar Sherin Ibrahim Ragy, Bassam Alchi, Oliver Flossmann, Farid Ghalli, Sarah Lawman, Smeeta Sinha, Constantina Chrysochou, Chukwuma Chukwu, Aine Maire De Bhailis, Saif Al Chalabi, Amy Hudson, Arun Gopu, Olivia Wickens, Joshua Storrar, Mona Wahba, Nathan Lorde, Mohammad Rony, Sian Griffin, Farah Latif, Mohammad Ali, Louise DaSilva, Jonathan Ayling-Smith, Eamon Mahdi, Lisa Willcocks, Rachel Jones, Jonathan Barratt, Chee Kay Cheung, Haresh Selvaskandan, Dan Pugh, Matthew Sayer, Neeraj Dhaun, Fiona Chapman, Patrick Mark, Colin Geddes, Emily McQuarrie, Rajan Patel, Laurence Solomon, Arvind Ponnusamy, Adam Morris, Pedro Okoh, Lauren Floyd, Ajay Dhaygude, Janson Leung, Christopher Goldsmith, Bhavna Pandya, Didem Tez, Ashraf Mikhail, Karen Brown, Thomas Bucknall, and Mark Lambie.Roderick Comunale, Donald Brandon, Stacy Martinez, Amanda Hall, Amy Henderson, Aaron Fearday, Nicole Douthit, Brian Snow, Arnold Silva, Cathylee Sly, Christopher Keller, Robert Davidson, Jerry Meng, Robert Haws, Siddhartha Kattamanchi, Javad Mojarrab, Unnikrishnan Pillai, Richard Lafayette, Michelle O'Shaughnessy, Fahameedah Kamal, Kshama Mehta, Bruce Baker, Mario Ruiz, Praveena Jyothinagaram, Usha Peri, William Paxton, James Tumlin, Kerri McGreal, Ellen McCarthy, Cassandra Kimber, Archana Gautam, Kassem Khalil, Viet Nguyen, Viet Nguyen, Raffi Minasian, Dariush Arfaania, Sam Daneshvari, Michel Zakari, Artashes Patrikyan, Rouzbeh Afsari, Christine Ayvazyan, Faisal Fakih, Mark Lagatta, Faisal Fakih, Alfred Rodriguez, Jorge Enrique Monroy Avella, Ramachandra Patak, Jigar Kadakia, Jai Radhakrishnan, Gerald Appel, Wooin Ahn, Bradley Nelson, Allyson Medina, Syeda Ahmad, Yonatan Peleg, Nisha Clement, Ian Chiu, Elizabeth Hendren, Andrew Bomback, Pietro Canetta, Bruce Spinowitz, Chaim Charytan, Nishita Parikh, Sheng Kuo, Ritesh Raichoudhury, Mirela Dobre, Lavinia Negrea, Aparna Padiyar, Arksarapuk Jittirat, Nishigandha Pradhan, Ranjit Dhelaria, Saravanan Balamuthusamy, Machaiah Madhrira, Thomas Powell, Howard Lifland, Asha Bailey, Sarah Ashley Ford Sightler, Meera Patel Suthar, Heather Green, Samir Parikh, Isabelle Ayoub, Brad Rovin, Salem Almaani, Gabriel Contreras, Alessia Fornoni, Yelena Drexler, Abdallah Geara, Brittany Sheridan, Gaia Coppock, Jonathan Hogan, Carlos Gonzalez, Shamik Bhadra, Pradip Chowdhury, Kay Kyaw, May Tan, Lathika Raakesh, Elder Mendoza, Veronica Viramontes, Asghar Chaudhry, Juan Carbonell, Rajdeep Gadh, Victor Fernandez, Mohamad Kassem, Radu Jacob, Karen Wilder, Britt Newsome, Kathryn Klamm, Irina Suyumova, Laura Ann Kooienga, Catherine Janko, Dana Rizk, Bruce Julian, Dawn Caster, Erika Perez, Gunjan Garg, Nayan Gowda, Suneel Udani, Sreedhar Mandayam, Biruh Workeneh, Roderick Comunale, Donald Brandon, Unnikrishnan Pillai, Ali Assefi, Barbara Greco, Michael Germain, Jusmin Patel, Sarah Quinn, James Sullivan, Jeffrey Glaze, Phillip Madonia, Kellyn McMahon, Harold Giles, Sharon Adler, and Tiane Dai.JB has received research grants from Argenx, Calliditas Therapeutics, Chinook Therapeutics, Galapagos NV, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Travere Therapeutics Inc.; and is a medical/scientific advisor to Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Argenx, Astellas Pharma, BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Calliditas Therapeutics, Chinook Therapeutics, Dimerix, Galapagos NV, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Travere Therapeutics Inc., UCB, Vera Therapeutics, and Visterra. BR is a consultant to Calliditas, Novartis, Omeros, Travere Therapeutics Inc., and Vera. MGW received honorarium from Alpine, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Baxter, Chinook, CSL Behring, Dimerix, Eledon, George Clinical, Horizon, Otsuka, and Travere Therapeutics Inc. for scientific presentation. CEA is a consultant to AstraZeneca and Mantra Bio; and received grant support from Sana. SB is an employee and stockholder of Travere Therapeutics Inc. PH is an employee and stockholder of Travere Therapeutics Inc. JI is an employee and stockholder of Travere Therapeutics Inc. RK is an employee and stockholder of Travere Therapeutics Inc. HJLH is a consultant to AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chinook, CSL Behring, Dimerix, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novo Nordisk, and Travere Therapeutics Inc.; research support for clinical trials from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, and Novo Nordisk; and The George Institute for Global Health and George Clinical hold research contracts for trials in kidney disease. AM is a consultant to Travere Therapeutics Inc. through contract with JAMCO Pharma Consulting AB. ILN received honorarium for scientific presentation from\u00a0AstraZeneca, Bayer, Novartis, and The George Institute for Global Health holds research contracts for trials in kidney disease. JR received consulting fees and grant support from Travere Therapeutics Inc. MNR is a clinical trial site PI for Chinook, Kaneka, Reata, River 3 Renal Corp., Sanofi, and Travere Therapeutics Inc.; is a consultant to Visterra; and is a data and safety monitoring board member for Advicenne. WR is an employee and stockholder of Travere Therapeutics Inc. HTra has served as a consultant to and/or a member of a data monitoring committee for Akebia, ChemoCentryx, Goldfinch Bio, Inc., Natera, Otsuka, Travere Therapeutics Inc., and Walden. HTri received honorarium for scientific work from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Calliditas, Chinook, Dimerix, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Omeros, Roche, Travere Therapeutics Inc., and Visterra Otsuka; and The George Institute for Global Health holds research contracts for trials in kidney disease. VP received grants from Pfizer, which provided study drug and initial seed funding, during the conduct of the study; received grants from AbbVie for a clinical trial steering committee; received personal fees from Amgen for serving on an advisory board; serving on a clinical trial steering committee for Astellas; received personal fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer, Ingelheim, Janssen, Novo Nordisk, and Novartis for serving on a steering committee, advisory committee, and scientific presentations; serves on a trial steering committee and advisory committee for Bayer; received personal fees from Chinook Therapeutics for serving on an advisory committee; serving on a data and safety monitoring committee for Dimerix; serving on the board of directors for George Clinical; serving on a steering committee and advisory committee for Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, and Travere Therapeutics, Inc.; serving on an advisory committee for Medimmune; receiving personal fees from Mitsubishi Tanabe for scientific presentations; receiving personal fees from Mundipharma for advisory committee and scientific presentations; and serving on an advisory committee for Vifor Pharma; and holds research contracts with The George Institute for Global Health for trials in kidney disease."}
+{"text": "Systematic Biology, Volume 71, Issue 3, May 2022, Pages 610\u2013629, https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syab070This is a correction to: James Willson, Mrinmoy Saha Roddur, Baqiao Liu, Paul Zaharias, Tandy Warnow, DISCO: Species Tree Inference using Multicopy Gene Family Tree Decomposition, In the originally published version of this manuscript the supplementary material file providing more information on the study was inadvertently omitted. This error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Telemedicine emerged as an alternative care delivery system used to offer effective long-term management to patients with chronic, inflammatory conditions such as psoriatic disease. Teledermatology can provide reliable clinical information through thorough history-taking and virtual evaluations that include patient-provided images and disease activity assessment tools that may help accurately diagnose and manage patients with psoriasis. The integration of validated screening tools for psoriatic arthritis and effective teledermatology practices may improve access to specialists, thus avoiding preventable delays in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis. Although the provision of telehealthcare should not completely replace high quality, in-person dermatologic or rheumatologic visits, the convenience and collaborative nature of teledermatology may lead to expanded access and expedited care in the appropriate setting, whether it be in a virtual or in-person visit. Physicians have since continued to leverage emerging technologies to deliver quality care from remote locations.,,Teledermatology emerged as an alternative care delivery system used to offer effective long-term management to patients with chronic, inflammatory skin conditions such as psoriasis. Unlike conventional in-person care, accurate diagnosis and management by virtual visits rely partly on the quality of live video images and photographs provided by patients. When properly collected, these images can be of appropriate quality for physicians to make accurate assessments of disease severity using Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores in patients of different skin phototypes.,,As compared with in-person care, collaborative and efficient teledermatology models equivalently improve PASI scores, BSA, and dermatology life quality index.,,Teledermatology expands the ability to deliver patient care. Distance, incapacity, and transportation costs are barriers to in-person care for many patients with psoriasis.Similarly, teledermatology allows physicians to reach patients with psoriasis in institutions with restricted access. Patients with psoriasis who are institutionalized for psychiatric reasons face uncommon difficulties in setting up external appointments and have a high patient turn-around time, in other words, the total time needed for patient transport and completion of an in-patient encounter.Despite achieving comparable improvements in disease severity, the estimation of areas of involvement and induration of psoriatic lesions are different between teledermatology and in-person evaluations.,https://www.psoriasis.org/psoriatic-arthritis-screening-test/), wherein patients can answer 5 simple questions and quickly receive their results for presentation at a virtual evaluation.It is critical to determine if teledermatology is suitable for addressing comorbid conditions that affect patients with psoriasis. Up\u00a0to 30% of patients with psoriasis develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA); undertreatment and diagnostic delay of PsA lead to irreversible joint damage and significant functional impairment.Following the identification of suspected PsA, an in-depth discussion and evaluation of joint involvement are warranted. Teledermatology applications using physician-guided palpation, photos of involved joints, and thorough history-taking allow physicians to accurately diagnose active arthritis, dactylitis, or enthesitis; evaluate pain through a visual analog scale; and manage therapeutics for PsA.,,Despite the development of virtual evaluation techniques, the accurate determinations of disease activity may be limited, in some cases of complex joint disease, without an in-person physical examination.Teledermatology is a valuable tool that can be used to supplement other care modalities for patients with psoriatic disease. Although it is not a direct replacement for in-person care, when utilized appropriately, it can be used as a tool to achieve numerous goals of care, such as identifying patients who need a rheumatology referral and increasing access to care. Teledermatology can provide reliable clinical information through thorough history-taking and virtual evaluations that include patient-provided images and disease activity assessment tools that may help accurately diagnose and manage patients with psoriasis. The use of objective measures, including PASI and dermatology life quality index scores, is helpful to quantitively measure patient disease activity but is not necessary for routine clinical care, treatment selection, or assessing treatment response in nonresearch settings. The integration of validated screening tools for PsA and effective teledermatology practices may improve access to specialists, thus avoiding preventable delays in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with PsA. Although the provision of telehealthcare should not completely replace high quality, in-person dermatologic or rheumatologic visits, the convenience and collaborative nature of teledermatology may lead to expanded access and expedited care in the appropriate setting, whether it be in a virtual or in-person visit.1.Teledermatology is a reasonable alternative for providing long-term management of patients with psoriasis. Teledermatology may be an option for initial visits, especially when incapacity, distance, and circumstances  prevent the realization of an in-person evaluation.2.It is important to guarantee the accessibility of in-person care for patients with psoriasis and ensure that telemedicine does not supplant such availability.3.A discussion about the available virtual evaluation tools  should be undertaken to determine what form of teledermatology is best suited for a patient-physician encounter. This decision should consider patient familiarity with the virtual evaluation platform used, access to stable internet connection, and skillfulness with taking photos and video with electronic devices. Counseling on how to provide high quality images for the encounter should be performed prior to the telehealth visit.4.Developing better technology\u2014allowing for reliable, high quality image capture and appropriate workflows that emulate a dermatology in-person practice\u2014is important in helping to expand the applicability and utility of teledermatology. Standardized, accessible, and objective modalities to assess BSA/PASI may be helpful in having objective measures to monitor for treatment response. The PEST should be provided to patients every 6\u00a0months to screen for PsA to help mitigate the undertreatment and delay in the diagnosis of this common comorbidity in patients with psoriasis.5.A flexible approach to teledermatology for PsA proposes the efficient utilization of in-person and virtual care based on the severity and complexity of the appreciated joint disease. Thorough history-taking and collaborative evaluation techniques are useful in assessing for joint involvement in patients with suspect PsA. Simpler and established cases may be suitable for virtual evaluations, whereas complex or severe cases may warrant an in-person evaluation and referral to a rheumatologist.6.Telemedicine has the potential to allow for collaborative connected-health models to expand the reach of experienced dermatologists to help comanage patients with primary care physicians and community dermatologists who are not comfortable with newer systemic treatments for psoriasis.www.DrScore.com and the founder and part owner of Causa Research. Abby Van Voorhees is consultant for Novartis, Celgene, Novartis, Merck, Dermira, UCB, BMS, Amgen, and Boehringer Ingelheim and conducts research for AbbVie, Novartis, and Allergan. Lawrence Green is investigator, speaker, and/or consultant for AbbVie, Amgen Inc, Arcutis, Dermavant, MC2, Novartis, Lilly, OrthoDerm, SunPharma, and UCB. Sergio Schwartzman has received consulting fees, research grants, speakers\u2019 bureau activity, or ownership or partnership from 10.13039/100006483AbbVie, 10.13039/100002429Amgen, Boston Scientifc, Crescendo Bioscience, Dermtech, Eli Lilly, 10.13039/100004328Genentech, 10.13039/100005564Gilead Sciences, Janssen, 10.13039/100004374Medtronic, Myriad Genetics, 10.13039/100003185National Psoriasis Foundation, 10.13039/100004336Novartis, Pfzer, 10.13039/100009857Regeneron, 10.13039/100004358Samsung, Sanof, and UCB and has participated in the advisory boards of Jubilant, Myriad, and Stelexis. Evan Siegel has received research grants, consulting fees, and speaker fees from 10.13039/100006483AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, 10.13039/100004336Novartis, Janssen, and UCB. Kelly M. Cordoro is a founding member of the Psoriasis Investigator Group of the Pediatric Dermatology Research Alliance, a counselor for the International Psoriasis Council, and contributor of psoriasis educational materials to the American Academy of Dermatology. Leon Kircik has received research grants from 10.13039/100006483AbbVie, 10.13039/100007819Allergan, Almirall, 10.13039/100002429Amgen, Arcutis, 10.13039/100001003Boehringer Ingelheim, Breckinridge Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb, 10.13039/100006436Celgene, Cellceutix, Centocor, Combinatrix, Connetics, Coria, Dermavant, 10.13039/100013988Dermira, Dow Pharma, Dr Reddy\u2019s Laboratories, Eli Lilly, 10.13039/501100009754Galderma, 10.13039/100004328Genentech, 10.13039/100004330GlaxoSmithKline, Idera, 10.13039/100004331Johnson & Johnson, Leo Pharma, Maruho, 10.13039/100004334Merck, Medicis, 10.13039/100004336Novartis AG, 10.13039/100004319Pfizer, PharmaDerm, Promis, Stiefel, 10.13039/501100013671Sun Pharma, UCB, 10.13039/100011284Valeant, and XenoPort and has received honoraria from 10.13039/100006483AbbVie, 10.13039/100007819Allergan, Almirall, 10.13039/100002429Amgen, Arcutis, 10.13039/100006314Biogen Idec, Bristol Myers Squibb, 10.13039/100006436Celgene, Cipher, Connetics, Dermavant, 10.13039/100013988Dermira, Dr Reddy\u2019s Laboratories, Eli Lilly, 10.13039/501100009754Galderma, 10.13039/100004328Genentech, 10.13039/100004330GlaxoSmithKline, 10.13039/100004331Johnson & Johnson, Leo Pharma, 10.13039/100004334Merck, 10.13039/100004336Novartis AG, PharmaDerm, Promis, Serono , Stiefel, 10.13039/501100013671Sun Pharma, Taro, UCB, and 10.13039/100011284Valeant. Wilson Liao has received research grant funding from 10.13039/100006483AbbVie, 10.13039/100002429Amgen, Janssen, Leo, 10.13039/100004336Novartis, 10.13039/100004319Pfizer, 10.13039/100009857Regeneron, and TRex Bio. Jason E. Hawkes has received personal fees/honoraria from 10.13039/100006483AbbVie, Janssen, LearnSkin, LEO Pharma, 10.13039/100004336Novartis, 10.13039/100004319Pfizer, 10.13039/100004339Sanofi, UpToDate, and VisualDx. Jeffrey Weinberg is a speaker for AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Sun, Leo Pharma, and Pfizer and an investigator for Dermavant, AbbVie, Corrona Psoriasis Registry, Dermira, Lilly, Novartis, and Pfizer. John Koo has served as an advisor for AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Janssen, Eli Lilly, Leo Pharma, EPI, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun Pharma, and Ortho Dermatologics, Regeneron/Sanofi, and UCB. Elizabeth Brezinski Wallace serves as an investigator for Pfizer and Target Real World Evidence. April Armstrong is investigator for Sanofi Genzyme, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dermavant, Dermira, Eli Lily, Galderma, Janssen\u2013Ortho, Inc, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, AbbVie, Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc, Leo Pharma, Modernizing Medicine, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp, Ortho Dermatologics, Pfizer Inc, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sun Pharma, and UCB Pharma; a speaker for AbbVie, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, and Sanofi Genzyme; and on the data safety monitoring board for Boehringer Ingelheim/ Parexel. George Han is investigator, consultant/advisor, or speaker for AbbVie, Amgen, Arcutis, Athenex, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bond Avillion, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene Corporation, Dermavant, DermTech, Eli Lilly and Company, EPI Health, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, LEO Pharma, MC2 Therapeutics, Novartis, Ortho Dermatologics, PellePharm, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, SUN Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, and UCB and conducts research for Bausch Health, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, and Novartis. Natalia Pelet del Toro, Rayan Yahia, Seemal R. Desai, and Leah M. Howard have no conflicts to declare.Steve R. Feldman received compensation from AbbVie, Accordant, Advance Medical, Almirall, Alovtech, Amgen, Arcutis, Arena, Argenx, Biocon, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Caremark, Celgene, Dermavant, Eli Lilly, Galderma, GlaxoSmithKline/Stiefel, Helsinn, Informa, Janssen, Leo Pharma, Menlo, Merck, Mylan, National Biological Corporation, National Psoriasis Foundation Novan, Novartis, Pfizer, Qurient Forte, Regeneron, Samsung, Sanofi, Sun Pharma, Suncare Research, UCB, UpToDate, Valeant, and vTv Therapeutics and is the founder and majority owner of"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MIsrar and FMA-Z did not agree with the retraction. FA, SUR, AA, HG, MIdrees, RI, AK, and MH either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Rheumatology, Volume 61, Issue 2, February 2022, Pages 679\u2013687, https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab388This is a correction to: Toby O Smith, Celia Clarke, Jacob Wells, Jack R Dainty, Laura Watts, Max Yates, Valerie M Pomeroy, Emma Stanmore, Terence W O\u2019Neill, Alexander J Macgregor, Clinical and biomechanical factors associated with falls and rheumatoid arthritis: baseline cohort with longitudinal nested case\u2013control study, The author list has been updated to add Jacob Wells as third author."}
+{"text": "The authors regret this error.In the original publication of this article, [Ni Y, Zhong H, Gu Y et al. Clinical Features, Treatment, and Outcome of Psittacosis Pneumonia: A Multicenter Study, Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, Issue 2, February 2023, ofac518,"}
+{"text": "Few prospective studies have documented the seropositivity among those children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. From 2 April 2021 to 24 June 2021, we prospectively enrolled children between the ages of 2 and 17\u00a0years at three North Carolina healthcare systems. Participants received at least four at-home serological tests detecting the presence of antibodies against, but not differentiating between, the nucleocapsid or spike antigen. A total of 1,058 participants were enrolled in the study, completing 2,709 tests between 1 May 2021 and 31 October 2021. Using multilevel regression with poststratification techniques and considering our assay sensitivity and sensitivity, we estimated that the seroprevalence of infection-induced antibodies among unvaccinated children and adolescents aged 2\u201317\u00a0years in North Carolina increased from 15.2%  in May 2021 to 54.1% (95% CrI 46.7\u201361.1) by October 2021, indicating an average infection-to-reported-case ratio of 5. A rapid rise in seropositivity was most pronounced in those unvaccinated children aged 12\u201317\u00a0years, based on our estimates. This study underlines the utility of serial, serological testing to inform a broader understanding of the regional immune landscape and spread of infection. The mortality rate of acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has typically followed a strong age gradient with children being at lower risk of severe clinical outcomes . HoweverThe United States National Commercial Laboratory Seroprevalence Survey has monitored infection-induced seroprevalence in all age groups since August 2020, with a recent focus on children aged \u226417\u00a0years , 13. TheWe describe trends in prevalence of infection-induced antibodies using serial at-home serological testing in a cohort of 2- to 17-year-old children enrolled in a prospective, syndromic surveillance study in North Carolina. We used seroprevalence estimates to calculate infection-to-reported case ratios for a better understanding of the local burden of SARS-CoV-2 infections.The COVID-19 Community Research Partnership (CCRP) is a multi-site, prospective cohort study combining electronic symptom surveillance with serological surveillance , 15. FroThis study was approved by the institutional revenue board for Wake Forest University School of Medicine (IRB00064912).An Innovita Biological Technology SARS-CoV-2 lateral flow assay  was used to detect SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) with a sensitivity of 84.5% and a specificity of 99%; the assay detected but did not differentiate between anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid IgG. Infection-induced antibodies were defined as the presence of a positive IgG prior to any reported vaccine dose.To estimate seroprevalence from infection over time, a Bayesian framework was employed accounting for assay sensitivity and specificity. Participants from North Carolina and South Carolina were pooled for the analysis. The proportion of respondents with infection-induced antibodies was estimated for each study month. To estimate the North Carolina seroprevalence from infection using the cohort data, multilevel regression with poststratification (MRP) was performed. A multilevel logistic regression was fitted with an intercept and random effects for age group in years , 12\u201317, All analyses were conducted with R version 4.1.3 (2022-03-10) and Stan version 2.28.1 .A total of 1,058 participants from 35 and 6 counties in North Carolina and South Carolina, respectively, consented to both syndromic and serological surveillance. Participants were predominately White and non-Hispanic and returned a median of serology two tests (IQR 1\u20134) within a median of 32\u00a0days (IQR 27\u201338) . During Our findings support the mounting evidence of a high seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and adolescents . By OctoThe seroprevalence of infection-induced antibodies among children has exceeded that of adult age groups in the United States since November 2020 . As of SWe found that those unvaccinated adolescents aged 12\u201317 had the highest prevalence of infection-induced antibodies and further had several periods of large increases in seroprevalence. The estimated higher prevalence may be a product of differing contact patterns amongst this age group when compared with the younger age groups. Prior studies of contact patterns conducted in European countries have indicated that those aged 10\u201319\u00a0years have the highest number of reported contacts when compared to other age groups  \u2013 a pattLikely the most profound change in contact patterns in children and adolescents during the study period was the widespread return to in-person education . Due to Our study highlights the opportunity to use Bayesian techniques with a relatively small number of prospectively enrolled participants conducting at-home testing, even among children and adolescents, to make small area inferences and better capture local disease dynamics for infections other than SARS-CoV-2. While traditional national sentinel-based frameworks leverage existing networks of healthcare providers, studies have shown that these frameworks may under-ascertain the disease dynamics in lower socio-economic populations who do not have access to these resources . MinoritOur study has a few limitations. The surveillance was limited to North Carolina and South Carolina, limiting generalisability of results. However, this geographic focus is important because public health measures may need to be deployed given local transmission dynamics, underlying comorbidities, and probability of adverse outcomes. For example, individuals in the Southeast United States are often disproportionately affected by many chronic diseases and infection , 44. OurUnlike prior national surveys , 7, 13, Although children have milder illness compared to adults with COVID-19, they play a major role in transmission, even if asymptomatic , 15. AccWake Forest School of Medicine: Thomas F. Wierzba, PhD, MPH, MS, John Walton Sanders, MD, MPH, David Herrington, MD, MHS, Mark A. Espeland, PhD, MA, John Williamson, PharmD, Morgana Mongraw-Chaffin, PhD, MPH, Alain Bertoni, MD, MPH, Martha A. Alexander-Miller, PhD, Paola Castri, MD, PhD, Allison Mathews, PhD, MA, Iqra Munawar, MS, Austin Lyles Seals, MS, Brian Ostasiewski, Christine Ann Pittman Ballard, MPH, Metin Gurcan, PhD, MS, Alexander Ivanov, MD, Giselle Melendez Zapata, MD, Marlena Westcott, PhD, Karen Blinson, Laura Blinson, Mark Mistysyn, Donna Davis, Lynda Doomy, Perrin Henderson, MS, Alicia Jessup, Kimberly Lane, Beverly Levine, PhD, Jessica McCanless, MS, Sharon McDaniel, Kathryn Melius, MS, Christine O\u2019Neill, Angelina Pack, RN, Ritu Rathee, RN, Scott Rushing, Jennifer Sheets, Sandra Soots, RN, Michele Wall, Samantha Wheeler, John White, Lisa Wilkerson, Rebekah Wilson, Kenneth Wilson, Deb Burcombe, Georgia Saylor, Megan Lunn, Karina Ordonez, Ashley O\u2019Steen, MS, Leigh Wagner.Atrium Health: Michael S. Runyon, MD, MPH, Lewis H. McCurdy, MD, Yhenneko J. Taylor, PhD, Lydia Calamari, MD, Hazel Tapp, PhD, Michael Brennan, DDS, Lindsay Munn, PhD RN, Timothy Hetherington, MS, Lauren C. Lu, Connell Dunn, Melanie Hogg, MS, CCRA, Andrea Price, Marina Leonidas, Melinda Manning, Frank X. Gohs, MS, Anna Harris, MPH, Jennifer S. Priem, PhD, MA, Pilar Tochiki, Nicole Wellinsky, Crystal Silva, Tom Ludden, PhD, Jackeline Hernandez, MD, Kennisha Spencer, Laura McAlister.Wake Med Health and Hospitals: William H. Lagarde, MD, LaMonica Daniel, BSCR.George Washington University Data Coordinating Center: Sharon L. Edelstein, ScM, Michele Santacatterina, PhD, Greg Strylewicz, PhD, Brian Burke, MS, Mihili Gunaratne, MPH, Meghan Turney, MA, Shirley Qin Zhou, MS, Ashley H. Tjaden, MPH, Lida Fette, MS, Asare Buahin, Matthew Bott, Sophia Graziani, Ashvi Soni, MS, Guoqing Diao, PhD, Jone Renteria, MS.George Washington University Mores Lab: Christopher Mores, PhD, Abigail Porzucek, MS.Oracle Corporation: Rebecca Laborde, Pranav Acharya.Vysnova Partners: Anne McKeague, PhD, Johnathan Ward, MS, Diana P. Naranjo, MA, Nana Darko, MPH, Kimberly Castellon, BS, Ryan Brink, MSCM, Haris Shehzad, MS, Derek Kuprianov, Douglas McGlasson, MBA, Devin Hayes, BS, Sierra Edwards, MS, Stephane Daphnis, MBA, Britnee Todd, BS."}
+{"text": "There are limited data on the safety profile of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 vaccine among patients taking immunosuppressive medications. Our aim was to evaluate the adverse events related to the vaccines in a nationwide cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease on diverse immunosuppressive medications.This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the Veterans Health Administration. The primary outcome was any adverse event of special interest  within 90 days of vaccination.A total of 17,201 patients were included, and 12,351 patients (71.8%) received at least 1 vaccine dose. The most common adverse events were acute myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolism. In inverse probability treatment weighting-adjusted logistic regression, full vaccination was not significantly associated with increased adverse events through 90 days, relative to unvaccinated patients.Full severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 vaccination was not associated with an increased rate of key adverse events relative to unvaccinated individuals among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected over 596 million people worldwide as of August 24, 2022 . To prevInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Vaccination is strongly recommended to prevent the development of SARS-CoV-2 among patients with IBD. The vaccines have been shown to be effective among patients with IBD . A possiThis was a retrospective cohort study using data from an established national IBD cohort in the VHA. We used a previously validated algorithm based on administrative codes and pharmacy data to identify patients with UC or CD before December 18, 2020, the start date of the VHA COVID-19 vaccination campaign (index date) ,4. PatieThe primary exposure in this study was SARS-CoV-2 vaccination . Vaccine administration events  were identified using Current Procedural Terminology codes. For each patient, we additionally obtained baseline demographics , alcohol use history, tobacco use history, geographic region, IBD type (UC or CD), and Charlson Comorbidity Index. IBD medication groups in the 3 months before the index date were categorized as 5-ASA alone, thiopurines , with or without 5-aminosalicylic acid medications), antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents alone, anti-TNF + TPs, vedolizumab, ustekinumab, and tofacitinib. Steroid use was also ascertained in a 3-month window before the index date using prescriptions for budesonide, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, or prednisone.International Classification of Diseases 9/10 codes to ascertain the first occurrence of the following composite events identified as adverse events of special interest (AESIs), which were commonly reported in the Pfizer and Moderna trials: cerebrovascular accident, venous thromboembolism (VTE), acute myocardial infarction, and Bell palsy. AESIs were identified within 90 days of first or second vaccination doses. As a reference group, AESIs for unvaccinated patients were evaluated relative to an index date set to the median time to first vaccination in patients who were vaccinated . Importantly, every adverse event was manually adjudicated for confirmation through detailed chart review. For statistical analysis, refer supplementary material.The primary outcome was development of any adverse event of interest after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, with follow-up data obtained through February 2, 2022. Based on observed adverse events in clinical trials, we used incident After application of selection criteria and exclusion of 387 patients who received the Janssen vaccine, we identified a total of 17,201 patients with IBD. Of these, 12,351 (71.8%) received at least 1 vaccine dose and 4,850 (28.2%) remained unvaccinated (Table A summary of postvaccination AESIs is provided in Table http://links.lww.com/CTG/A895). In unadjusted models, first-dose vaccination was associated with reduced odds of AESIs vs unvaccinated patients , and there was no significant difference in AESIs between second-dose vaccination and unvaccinated patients .After creation of propensity scores and application of inverse probability weights, excellent covariate balance was achieved between unvaccinated and vaccinated groups, demonstrated by standardized mean differences reduced to within \u00b1 0.1 for each exposure variable  and by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K08-DK124577). There was no designated funding received for this study.Potential competing interests: N.K. has received an unrestricted research grant from Pfizer, Luitpold, and Takeda Pharmaceuticals as well as Samsung BioEpis. He has served on the advisory board of Pharmacosmos. N.M., M.P., and R.S. have nothing to disclose regarding conflicts of interest. W.R. (i) has served as a speaker for Abbott Laboratories, AbbVie, Aesca, Aptalis, Astellas, Centocor, Celltrion, Danone Austria, Elan, Falk Pharma GmbH, Ferring, Immundiagnostik, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Otsuka, PDL, Pharmacosmos, PLS Education, Schering-Plough, Shire, Takeda, Therakos, Vifor, and Yakult; (ii) has served as a consultant for Abbott Laboratories, AbbVie, Aesca, Algernon, Amgen, AM Pharma, AMT, AOP Orphan, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Avaxia, Roland Berger GmBH, Bioclinica, Biogen IDEC, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cellerix, Chemocentryx, Celgene, Centocor, Celltrion, Covance, Danone Austria, DSM, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ernst & Young, Falk Pharma GmbH, Ferring, Galapagos, Genentech, Gilead, Gr\u00fcnenthal, ICON, Index Pharma, Inova, Intrinsic Imaging, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Pharma, Lipid Therapeutics, LivaNova, Mallinckrodt, Medahead, MedImmune, Millennium, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Nash Pharmaceuticals, Nestle, Nippon Kayaku, Novartis, Ocera, OMass, Otsuka, Parexel, PDL, Periconsulting, Pharmacosmos, Philip Morris Institute, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, Prometheus, Protagonist, Provention, Quell Tx, Robarts Clinical Trial, Sandoz, Schering-Plough, Second Genome, Seres Therapeutics, Setpointmedical, Sigmoid, Sublimity, Takeda, Therakos, Theravance, Tigenix, UCB, Vifor, Zealand, Zyngenia, and 4SC; (iii) has served as an advisory board member for Abbott Laboratories, AbbVie, Aesca, Amgen, AM Pharma, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Avaxia, Biogen IDEC, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cellerix, Chemocentryx, Celgene, Centocor, Celltrion, Danone Austria, DSM, Elan, Ferring, Galapagos, Genentech, Gr\u00fcnenthal, Inova, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Pharma, Lipid Therapeutics, MedImmune, Millennium, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Nestle, Novartis, Ocera, Otsuka, PDL, Pharmacosmos, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, Prometheus, Sandoz, Schering-Plough, Second Genome, Setpointmedical, Takeda, Therakos, Tigenix, UCB, Zealand, Zyngenia, and 4SC; and (iv) has received research funding from Abbott Laboratories, AbbVie, Aesca, Centocor, Falk Pharma GmbH, Immundiagnostik, and MSD.Data Availability Statement: The data for this manuscript cannot be made available in accordance with the HIPAA rules. However, deidentified data (without patient name and SSN) can be made available upon reasonable request.IRB Approval Statement: Data were collected using preexisting electronic patient records in the VISTA CAPRI database after an institutional review board (IRB) approval from the Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA."}
+{"text": "European Heart Journal, Volume 43, Issue 29, 1 August 2022, Pages 2770\u20132780, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac307This is a corrigendum to: William K F Kong, Antonio Salsano, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Bogdan A Popescu, C\u00e9cile Laroche, Xavier Duval, Robert Schueler, Antonella Moreo, Paolo Colonna, Cornelia Piper, Francisco Calvo-Iglesias, Luigi P Badano, Ilija Srdanovic, David Boutoille, Olivier Huttin, Elisabeth St\u00f6hr, Ana Teresa Tim\u00f3teo, Jolanta Justina Vaskelyte, Anita Sadeghpour, Pilar Tornos, Leila Abid, Kian Keong Poh, Gilbert Habib, Patrizio Lancellotti, on behalf of the EURO-ENDO Investigators, Outcomes of culture-negative vs. culture-positive infective endocarditis: the ESC-EORP EURO-ENDO registry, EURO-ENDO Investigators were mistakenly included in the supplementary data section, rather than the main body of the manuscript.In the originally published version, named members of the This has now been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Schizophrenia Bulletin, Volume 48, Issue 5, September 2022, Pages 967\u2013980, https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbac049This is a correction to: Grace E Woolway, Sophie E Smart, Amy J Lynham, Jennifer L Lloyd, Michael J Owen, Ian R Jones, James T R Walters, Sophie E Legge, Schizophrenia Polygenic Risk and Experiences of Childhood Adversity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, Referencing errors were identified in the original published version of this manuscript. These errors have now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 23, 20 (2023)10.1186/s12884-022-05204-xFollowing publication of the original article , the autThe incorrect author names are: Ungureanu Anda, Marcu Andreea-Sorina, Patru Ciprian Laurentiu, Ruican Dan, Nagy Rodica, Stoean Ruxandra, Stoean Catalin, Iliescu Dominic Gabriel.The correct author names are: Anda Ungureanu, Andreea-Sorina Marcu, Ciprian Laurentiu Patru, Dan Ruican, Rodica Nagy, Ruxandra Stoean, Catalin Stoean, Dominic Gabriel Iliescu.The author group has been updated above and the original article  has been"}
+{"text": "R. China2Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China3Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiaozuo Women and Children Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan Province, China4Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P. R. China5Department of Liver Transplantation, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China#Co\u2010first authors: Shipeng Li and Jindan He*Correspondence Author:Shipeng Li, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, 453100, P. R. China. Email: shipengli2010@163.comBingbing Qiao, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, P. R. China. Email: popzxcbb@126.comHaiming Zhang, Department of Liver Transplantation, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China. Email: mdzhanghaiming@qq.comhttps://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.58First published: 11 February 2021, In the process of checking the raw dataAbbreviations: IRI, ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; TUNEL, Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; IRF, Interferon Regulatory Factor; JNK, c\u2010Jun N\u2010terminal kinase; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde\u20103\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase; GFP, green fluorescent protein; TEM, Transmission Electron Microscope."}
+{"text": "The correct author names are: Kadio Jean-Jacques Olivier Kadio, Amadou Ciss\u00e9, Thierno Saidou Diallo, Foromo Guilavogui, Adrien Fapeingou Tounkara, Damey Pe, Alhassane Sow, Fatoumata Fily Bah, Souleymane S\u00e9kou Youla, Ibrahima Diallo, Niouma Nestor Leno, Lazare Mboungou, Nyawotope Koffi Arnold Ahiatsi, Laye Kaba, Sy Zeynabou, Ignasi Vall\u00e8s-Casanova, Alison Wringe, Sarah Hoibak, Youssouf Ko\u00efta, Xavier Vall\u00e8s. The correct citation is: Kadio KJ-JO, Ciss\u00e9 A, Diallo TS, Guilavogui F, Tounkara AF, Pe D, et al. (2023) Retention in care among people living with HIV in the national antiretroviral therapy programme in Guinea: A retrospective cohort analysis. PLOS Glob Public Health 3(5): e0000970. There are also errors in the Funding information. The correct Funding information is: This work was funded by the Global Fund to fight against AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis in the form of a grant (GIN-H-MOH) awarded to KJJOK, AC, TSD, FG, AFT, DPD, AS, FFB, SSY, ID, NNL, LM, NKAA, LK and YK. This work was also funded by Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Science and Innovation (Spain) through the study CLIMATE-COVID19 in the form of a grant (PIM-E-202030E222) awarded to IVC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript."}
+{"text": "Accordi stages) ,16. Sinc stages) ,18. Chem stages) ,20,21 an stages) . Because stages) ,24. A fe stages) ,26. The ly 1960s . Since ts et al. . At thats et al. . Beyond s et al. . Howevers et al. . Pharmacs et al. ,33. Thisidazoles ,35. In pchanisms ,37. Howechanisms . Some ofchanisms ,40, focuotection . Furtherotection . Anotherotection  and rumiflagrans . This spflagrans ,46 mixedflagrans  or in anflagrans . Once chflagrans ,50,51,52flagrans ,54 and fflagrans ,56,57,58flagrans ,60,61. Eflagrans ,63. Tropflagrans ,65. The flagrans ,67. Seveflagrans ,67,68,69flagrans . Among oflagrans . Such suflagrans , facilitflagrans ,74, enabdy score ,76. Othedy score . The useer alone  or in coontortus .In recent years, the number of studies on novel approaches for parasite control has increased, with focus on viable tools to design an efficient integrated program for GIPN control. The inevitable new era of anthelmintic resistance in livestock, along with consumer awareness of animal welfare and environmental health, calls for in-depth scientific work to offer solutions to the livestock industry. In the pursuit of a chemically synthesized anthelmintic drug independency, parasite control, in the near future, will rely on prevention and on the combined use of strategies. The present Pathogens Special Issue aims to describe for the readers some of the novel approaches for GIPN control in ruminants, developed based on animal welfare awareness to tackle this group of pathogens in an environmentally friendly manner."}
+{"text": "Medical Assistance in Dying, Palliative Care, Safety, and Structural Vulnerability. That report attempted to argue that structural vulnerability was not a concern in the provision of assisted dying (AD) by a selective review of evidence in medical literature and population studies. It claimed that palliative care has its own safety concerns, and that \u201cmisuse\u201d of palliative care led to reports of wrongful death. We and our signatories do not feel that the conclusions reached are supported by the evidence provided in the contested report. The latter concluded that the logical policy response would be to address the root causes of structural vulnerability rather than restrict access to AD. Our report, endorsed by an international community of palliative care professionals, believes that public policy should aim to reduce structural vulnerability and, at the same time, respond to evidence-based cautions about AD given the potential harm.This report, signed by >170 scholars, clinicians, and researchers in palliative care and related fields, refutes the claims made by the previously published  The interpretation and faithfulness to the original text and how a piece of evidence applies to an argument can generate what has increasingly been called \u201cspin.\u201dMedical Assistance in Dying, Palliative Care, Safety, and Structural Vulnerability by Downar et al.3We wish to express our deep concern about the flawed scholarship in the report on We recognize that Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD) is a fiercely contentious and polarizing issue. We believe individuals should be allowed to voice their opinions, no matter what they are. However, we take exception to seeing those opinions presented as if they were evidence based when the conclusions appear to be reached by ignoring critical information within cited sources and engaging in speculation without basis. The resultant conclusions can only be described as spurious ones. Given its potential to affect future research, medical practice, policies, and public health, this special report cannot enter the public record without it being strongly contested.The authors point out that assisted death (AD) is more common in people with higher income and education, with the implication being that these people are not structurally vulnerable. Of the four articles referenced, two are Canadian studies conducted before AD was available to people who did not have a reasonably foreseeable death and who were more likely to be structurally vulnerable. The American study consists of 114 patients over the first two years of AD in a system where applicants must be within six months of death. The Swiss population-based study is from 2003 to 2008, with only 20 of the 1301 ADs being for mental illness.4 This statistic parallels the 2:1 ratio of females to males in attempting suicide during vulnerable times, most of whom do not attempt suicide again. The obvious concern is whether AD for mental illness is providing a lethal means for women to die, during times of vulnerability, who would otherwise recover and regain the desire to live.Studies of patients whose death is not reasonably foreseeable reveal a different picture. A Dutch review of the publicly available information on 66 ADs for mental illness between 2011 and 2014 reported the ratio of women to men as 2.3:1.Most of the disorders were depression (55%), but 12% had psychotic features, and 52% of the 66 cases had personality problems, some without an official diagnosis. The majority of patients (56%) reported unresolved social suffering including social isolation or loneliness. The majority of patients had long histories with mental illness and had tried multiple therapies, though 56% had refused some therapies making the judgment of treatment futility challenging. It must be noted that Canadian law does not require any treatments be tried or accessible before providing AD.5 examines the association of functional decline comparing cancer deaths with those caused by heart failure, stroke, and diabetes.The authors state that people with frailty and organ failure, whom they describe as more vulnerable and dependent than patients with cancer, receive less palliative care and do not make up nearly as many patients receiving AD. Hence, they conclude that AD is not targeting those with structural vulnerability. The article they reference by Teno et al.Although people with noncancer illnesses started their last year of life with more disability than those with cancer, the latter experienced a more precipitous decline in activities of daily living (ADL) starting approximately five months before death, leading to functional impairment exceeding that of noncancer illnesses in the final months. This rapid decline was associated with where the person died and whether palliative care was involved in their last months of life.6 of cancer as opposed to the unpredictable course for organ failure and frailty.8 Hence, cancer is the most prevalent diagnosis for AD because its terminal course is predictable, and it is the most common cause of death in Canada.9Studies show that people with cancer receive more palliative care relative to frailty or organ failure in multiple countries, because of the \u201cdecline predictability\u201d10 Early childhood deaths have had the most impact over the centuries, with the impact of AD in adults being minimal. It is not logical to make conclusions about one factor in complex systems in different countries.The authors note that life expectancy has grown in countries that permit AD as opposed to those that do not. Life expectancy in a country depends on public health outcomes resulting from policies in health care and beyond, which affect the social determinants of health.11 As such, in the Netherlands, Belgium, and parts of Canada, it would be impossible to sort these deaths out from others to characterize them as excess mortality. Excess mortality is difficult to detect even with the best design, but especially during a pandemic, when there is another source of excess deaths that was much more common.The authors state that during COVID-19, which targeted structurally vulnerable people, AD increased even further in Canada, Belgium, and the Netherlands, yet these countries had substantially lower excess mortality during this time. Tracking excess mortality requires researchers to know the cause of death, and only some provinces in Canada mandate that AD be noted on the death certificate.The authors state that the importance of these population studies \u201ccannot be overstated.\u201d They even double down by suggesting that a rise in life expectancy in countries allowing AD suggests vulnerability may offer protection. The evidence they provide does not support this.The authors imply that, like AD, palliative care is culpable for unintended deaths.The first claim notes that palliative care providers regularly advocate for improved access to opioids for people with advanced illness, and \u201cIncreased opioid availability is a key facilitator of good PC, but it is also a contributor to the opioid crisis in many countries.\u201d They state, \u201cRoughly 8000 Canadians died of an opioid overdose in 2021 alone; a substantial proportion of these overdoses involved a pharmaceutical opioid that was either prescribed or diverted.\u201d They reference a Health Canada website publication that is no longer directly available, as it is updated yearly.12 a large headline proclaims, \u201ctoxicity of supply continues to be a major driver of the crisis\u201d and notes, \u201cOf all accidental apparent opioid toxicity deaths in 2022 (January\u2013December), 79% involved opioids that were only non-pharmaceutical.\u201d More studies are reporting an increase in overdoses from illegal opioids, even as the use of prescription opioids is declining.13 Implying that palliative care is partly responsible for the opioid crisis is a misreading of the evidence and disregards the complex nature of the problem.In the version accessible now,14The second claim involves the Liverpool Care Pathway (LCP). Downar et al. state there were \u201cnumerous complaints of widespread abuse and hastened deaths, particularly among the structurally vulnerable.\u201d The LCP independent review reported that \u201csome relatives and carers have reached the conclusion that \u2018the pathway\u2019 represents a decision on the part of clinicians, in effect, to kill their dying patients, when that is clearly not the case.\u201d15The authors cast doubt on media stories showing that vulnerable people have been approved for AD. They review only two of the numerous media-reported cases that have surfaced in Canada. The first is a woman with multiple chemical sensitivities who requested and received AD. Downar et al. state her situation was incorrectly portrayed in the media as poverty and a lack of adequate housing rather than intolerable suffering related to her underlying condition. They reference testimony from her AD provider, reading a note from the woman thanking her for believing in her suffering and granting her AD.16 quotes the letter saying, \u201cWe physicians find it UNCONSCIONABLE that no other solution is proposed to this situation other than medical assistance in dying.\u201dThis same AD provider signed a letter to federal housing and disability government officials confirming that her symptoms improved in cleaner air environments and asked for help to find or build a chemical-free residence. MediaThe second case is a man whose request for AD was because of impending homelessness. They quote a twitter post from the man saying the story was \u201chijacked by the right trying to spin it into their own agenda.\u201d The full quote says: \u201cIt seems my story has been hijacked by the right trying to spin it into their own agenda. I hope people don't get distracted by this. The real issue isn't whether or not someone like me should be able to access MAiD. It's making life bearable enough that they won't need to.\u201d We agree people should receive adequate support to live, and we desire adequate safeguards to prevent life termination when structurally vulnerable people are despairing from a social failure of society.In both these cases, the authors edited the patient's stories and words to affirm their argument that there are no concerns of structural vulnerability driving AD.17\u201319There are some credible well-investigated cases in the media that should concern everyone.20 They did this study the same year that Canada first approved AD for persons without a foreseeable death, so few cases would be expected. Although the article says unmet needs were rare, it reports \u201cThere were some cases in which the provider was worried that unmet needs were driving the request for MAiD. These situations included poor quality or inappropriate housing, inadequate home care in someone who refuses to go into long term care, long waitlists for publicly funded multidisciplinary chronic pain clinics and no local care available requiring unacceptable travel.\u201dA 2021 Canadian academic study questioning whether unmet needs were driving requests for AD interviewed 20 of 120 clinicians of the national association of AD assessors and providers.The same study quoted an AD provider's take on the conflict of an applicant with structural vulnerability requesting AD from them: \u201cI think we've become\u2014I don't know if comfort is the right word, but we've become more accepting that there are patients that have unmet needs that if they were met may change their request or their timeline, but that those needs are not meetable under the current system, and therefore, we go ahead and approve the patient and sometimes provide MAiD.\u201d21 that structural vulnerability may be driving some cases of AD. Yet, in a report from 2022 testimony to a parliamentary committee reviewing AD,22 the lead author of the article we contest stated: \u201cthere is absolutely no data suggesting that the practice of MAiD at this point is driven to any degree by poor access to palliative care, socio-economic deprivation or any isolation.\u201d Independent of the total numbers of confirmed cases of Canadians receiving AD for structural vulnerability, which may be under-reported given current data reporting requirements that are based on provider self-reported data rather than prospective oversight, we are concerned by the blanket dismissal and minimization of any deaths by AD for unmet social needs.There is evidence in scholarly publications3 It references the Quebec oversight body that publishes a yearly report. No details about cases who did not comply with legislation, nor what was done about it are provided. Dr. Michel Bureau, head of the oversight body, recently sent a memo to doctors that was published online,23 reminding them to stay within the limits of the law.The article states: \u201cAny concerning cases are referred to the appropriate regulatory body for further investigation. Although we do not have reports from all jurisdictions\u2026\u201d.24 that 15 out of 3663 doctor-ADs in Quebec between spring 2021 and spring 2022 did not comply with the law. The physician's regulatory body declined to take any disciplinary action.Two notes from the memo stand out: \u201cAdvanced age and aging-related problems are not a serious illness and incurable and do not warrant MAiD\u201d; and \u201cShopping around\u201d for a favorable second opinion is not an acceptable practice.\u201d Dr. Bureau stated during an interview25 Thus, it is not surprising that no cases related to AD have yet to appear in the Ontario College's case outcomes. The chief coroner of Ontario recently announced a Medical Assistance in Dying Death Review Committee (MDRC)26 in response to increasing health, social, and intersectional complexities arising from current and pending legislative changes. The MDRC will provide an independent expert review of MAiD deaths to assist in evaluating public safety concerns.In Ontario, Canada's most populous province, the Ontario coroner reviews AD deaths, and the only public document that appears is their framework of notification of assessors/providers if they are not following regulations. It appears to require ongoing violations before any reporting to a regulatory body or police occurs.27 The report noted regional variations in the provision of AD and a lack of a framework for case review. In 2018, the coroner's office announced that the only AD cases they would be reviewing were those where the underlying condition leading to the request for MAiD relates to an accident, violence, or self-inflicted injury; or if the death was provided in a mental health or correctional facility.28British Columbia (BC) has a MAiD Oversight Unit that lies within the ministry of health, but it has no publications or public facing website. There is only one BC coroner's death review panel on AD and that covers only the year 2016.The memo from the Quebec oversight body and the formation of the Ontario MDRC have happened since the publication of the article we are contesting. These changes counter the article's assertions that all is well and that we should trust the current oversight.The article closes by restating the major argument that the data show no evidence of structural vulnerability in the provision of AD and that controversies in palliative care are the mirror image of those with AD. The evidence, however, simply does not support the many claims and conclusions.There is evidence of people receiving AD when they are structurally vulnerable, and providing death to people for those situations was never intended by the legislation and should be rigorously and transparently investigated. We believe that public policy should aim to reduce structural vulnerability in all people and, at the same time, be responsive to evidence-based cautions about AD given the potential harm. We take no pleasure in writing this rebuttal but feel compelled to expose what appears to be spin that is harmful to future scholarship, clinical practice, health policy, and public education focused on the practice of assisted dying.Tristan Anderson, MD, FRCPC, Psychiatrist, Manitoba, Canada; Jeremy Bannon, MD, CCFP, Hospitalist, Hotel Dieu Shaver, Associate Clinical Professor (Adjunct), Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, MA Candidate , Pellegrino Center for Clinical Bioethics, Georgetown University, Ontario, Canada; Samia Barakat, MD, Professor Emeritus, Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada; Paul Barr\u00e9, MD, FRCP(C), Quebec, Canada; Sasha Bernatsky, MD, FRCPC, PhD, Quebec, Canada; Eileen Biggs, MD, Ontario, Canada; Thomas Bouchard, MD, FCFP, Alberta, Canada; Eduardo Bruera, MD, FT McGraw Chair in the Treatment of Cancer, Chair, Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, & Integrative Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas, USA; Althea Burrell, BASc, MD, FRCPC, Adult Respirology, Ontario, Canada; Ira Byock, MD, FAAHPM, Emeritus Professor of Medicine and Community & Family Medicine Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Montana, USA; Casimiro Cabrera Abreu, Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Providence Care Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Luigi A. Castagna, MD, FRCP(C), Paediatric Neurology, Developmental Paediatrics, Ontario, Canada; David Chan, MD, MSc, Professor Emeritus, Family Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; David Chen, MD, MS-Bioethics DFAPA, Maryland, USA; Maria Cigolini, MBBS (USyd), FRACGP, FAChPM, Grad.DipPallMed(UMelb), Senior Palliative Medicine Physician, Board Member, International Association of Hospice and Palliative Care, Associate Professor, New South Wales, Australia; Stephen R Connor, PhD, LP, Executive Director, Worldwide Hospice Palliative Care Alliance, London, United Kingdom; Margaret M Cottle, MD, CCFP (PC), LM, Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Palliative Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada; Paul Dagg, MD, FRCPC, Clinical Professor UBC, British Columbia, Canada; Douglass Dalton, FCFP, Quebec, Canada; Jane Dobson, MD, FCFP, Ontario, Canada; Sinead Donnelly, MD, FRCPI, FRACP, Associate Professor, Aotearoa New Zealand and Ireland; P. Drijber, MD, PhD, CCFP (F), CBOM (A), Ontario, Canada; David D'Souza, MD, CCFP, DTM&H, DCAPM, Pain, Addictions, Care of the Elderly, Assistant Professor, Queen's University, Ontario, Canada; David Paul D'Souza, MD, FRCPC, Ontario, Canada; Mark D'Souza, MD, CCFP(EM), FCFP, Assistant Professor, Queen's University, Ontario, Canada; Roy Eappen, MDCM, FACE, FRCP(C), FACP, CD, FACE, Quebec, Canada; Timothy Ehmann, MD, FRCPC, Child & Adolescent Psychiatrist, Alberta, Canada; Joel N. Eisen, MD, FRCP, Psychiatrist, Ontario, Canada; James M. Ellison, MD, MPH, Pennsylvania, USA; E. Wesley Ely, MD, MPH, Grant W. Liddle Professor of Medicine and Critical Care, CIBS Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, TN Valley VA GRECC, Tennessee, USA; Sherif Emil, MDCM, FRCSC, FACS, FAAP, Mirella & Lino Saputo Foundation Chair in Pediatric Surgical Education & Patient and Family-Centred Care Professor of Pediatric Surgery, Surgery, and Pediatrics, Associate Chair for Education & Departmental Citizenship, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Director; Harvey E. Beardmore, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Senior Investigator, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Quebec, Canada; Karen Ethans, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor, Internal Medicine, Section of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada; Adrian J Farrell, BScHons, MBChB, MD, FRCP, Consultant Rheumatology, WAHT , Worcestershire, United Kingdom; Natasha Fernandes, MD, FRCPC (Psychiatry), Ontario, Canada; Nisha Fernandes, MD, FRCPC, Ontario, Canada; Catherine Ferrier, MD, CCFP (COE), FCFP, Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Quebec, Canada; Baroness Finlay of Llandaff, FRCGP, FRCP, FMedSci, FHEA, FLSW, London, United Kingdom; Timothy Foggin, MD, BSc, MDCM, MPH, CCFP, FCFP, FRCPC, FACHE, British Columbia, Canada; Sarah Garside, MD, PhD, FRCPc, Associate Professor, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Sheenagh George, MD, FRCPC, Nova Scotia, Canada; Roger Ghoche, MDCM, CCFP-PC, MTS, Rehabilitation and Palliative Care Medicine, Professeur Adjoint, Directeur de Cours de M\u00e9thode Clinique II, Universit\u00e9 McGill, Assistant Professor, Course Director of Clinical Method II, McGill University, Mount Sinai Hospital, Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada; Judy Glass, MD, FRCPC, DLFAPA, Director, Emergency Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, Assistant Professor, McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada; John Good, MB, BCh, LM , DRCOG (UK), MICGP (Ireland), Past Medical Delegate for the International Committee of the Red Cross , Ontario, Canada; Randolph B Goossen, MD, CCFP, FCFP, FRCPC, Psychiatry, Manitoba, Canada; Michael Grasic, MD, Family Medicine, Ontario, Canada; Salvador M. Guinjoan, MD, PhD, Oklahoma, USA; Jack Haggarty, MD, FRCPC, CCPE, Senior Medical Director, St. Joseph's Care Group, Professor and Chair, Section of Psychiatry, Northern Ont. School Medicine University, Ontario, Canada; Lila Haj-Ahmad, MDCM, Ontario, Canada; Sheila Rutledge Harding, MD, MA, FRCPC, Saskatchewan, Canada; Margaret J. Hart, DO, FAAFP, Family Medicine/Geriatric Medicine, Arizona, USA; Philippa H. Hawley, FRCPC, Clinical Professor Medical Director, Pain & Symptom Management/Palliative Care, BC, Cancer, British Columbia, Canada; Kevin Hay, MRCPI, CCFP, FCFP, Alberta, Canada; J. David Henderson, MD, CCFP (PC), Senior Medical Director Integrated Palliative Care Nova Scotia Health, Associate Professor Department of Family Medicine Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada; Leonie Herx, MD, PhD, CCFP (PC), FCFP, Palliative Medicine Consultant, Clinical Professor, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Angela O Ho, HBSc, MD, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, Dept of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sheila C Hollins, Professor the Baroness Hollins FRCPsych, FRCPCH, FRCP, FHEA, Independent Life Peer, House of Lords, Westminster, UK, Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry, St George's, University of London, Past President, Royal College of Psychiatrists, Past President, British Medical Association, President, Royal College of Occupational Therapists, President, Royal Medical Benevolent Fund, London, United Kingdom; Tae Young (Peter) Hong, MD, CFPC, Ontario, Canada; Philip Howard, MA, MD, GDL, LLM, FRCP, Consultant Gastroenterologist, London, United Kingdom; Trevor A. Hurwitz, MBChB, MRCP (UK), FRCP (C), Psychiatry FRCP (C) Neurology, Diplomate in Psychiatry - American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Diplomate in Neurology - American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Diplomate Behavioral Neurology & Neuropsychiatry - United Council of Neurologic Subspecialties. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada; Lauren Jackson, BSc, MD, FCFP, British Columbia, Canada; Laila Jamal, MD, FRCPC, Ontario, Canada; Lawrence F. Jardine, BA, BMedSci, MD, FRCPC, Honorary Consultant, Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Children's Hospital (LHSC), Professor Emeritus (Pediatrics), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada; Anna Jasinska, MD, FRCPC (psychiatry), Pennsylvania, USA; Will Johnston, MD, Clinical assistant professor, Department of family practice, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada; Pamela Joseph, MD, FRCPC, Ontario, Canada; Stephanie Kafie, MD, CCFP (COE), BHsc, Ontario, Canada; Gurnaam Singh Kasbia, MD, BSc, FRCPC, Psychiatrist, Ontario, Canada; Ebru Kaya, MBBS, MRCP(UK), Rose Family Chair in Palliative Medicine and Complex Care at University Health Network, Palliative Care Site Lead, Toronto General Hospital, Director, Division of Palliative Medicine, and Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, President, Canadian Society of Palliative Care Physicians; Eric Kelleher, MB, PhD, MRCP, MRCPsych, Consultant Liaison Psychiatrist, Cork University Hospital & Mercy University Hospital, Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer, University College Cork, Munster, Ireland; Sister Nuala Kenny, OC, MD, FRCP(C), Emeritus Professor Dalhousie University School of Medicine, Nova Scotia, Canada; Laurence J. Kirmayer, MD, FRCPC, FCAHS, FRSC, James McGill Professor & Director, Division of Social & Transcultural Psychiatry, McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Leah Koetting, MD, CCFP, Manitoba, Canada; Mark S Komrad, MD, DFAPA, Faculty of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins, Tulane, and University of Maryland, Maryland, USA; Jaro Kotalik, MD, FRCPC, Ontario, Canada; Jessica Kreviazuk, MD, FRCPC, Assistant Professor University of Manitoba, Community Psychiatrist, Manitoba, Canada; Emeritus Professor Linda Kristjanson, AO, PhD, FAICD, FTSE, Victoria, Australia; Mark Kristjanson, MD, CCFP, Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada; Charles Lakusta, MD, Alberta, Canada; Karen Lam, MD, FRCPC, Ontario, Canada; Tim Lau, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Alejandro Lazo-Langner, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Oncology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Chair/Chief, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Western University, Hematology Division, London Health Sciences Centre, Ontario, Canada; Mark Leakos, MD, Saskatchewan, Canada; Cassandra Lin-Pepe, MD, CCFP, Dip P Derm, Ontario, Canada; Jeffrey H Lipton, PhD, MD, FRCPC, Clinician Investigator, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Cancer Clinical Research Unit (CCRU), Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Professor of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Iris Liu, MD, British Columbia, Canada; Matthew Loscalzo, LCSW, APOS Fellow, Executive Director, People & Enterprise Transformation, Emeritus Professor Supportive Care Medicine, Professor Population Sciences, California, USA; Joyce Lui, MD, CCFP, Alberta, Canada; Patrick MacGillivray, MD, CCFP, Ontario, Canada; James MacMillan, MD, CCFP, Palliative Care, Saskatoon & Integrated North, Saskatchewan, Canada; John Maher, MD, FRCPC, President, Ontario Association for ACT & FACT, Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Ethics in Mental Health, Ontario, Canada; Lauren Mai, MD, FRCPC, Neurologist, Assistant Professor, Western University, Ontario, Canada; Katalin Margittai, MD, FRCPC DABPN, DLFAPA, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Stephen Martin, MD, FCFP, FCBOM, ABPM(OM), Quebec, Canada; Karen Mason, MD, Retired family physician, Ontario, Canada; Paul McArthur, BSc, MD, CCFP, Adjunct Professor of Family Medicine, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada; Annette McCarthy, MD, CCFP, Family Physician, Newfoundland, Canada; Gordon McDonald, MD, CCFP, Department of Family Medicine, Dalhousie University, Fredericton, Canada; C. Ann McKenzie, MD, Manitoba, Canada; Diane E. Meier, MD, FACP, FAAHPM, Founder, Director Emerita and Strategic Medical Advisor, Center to Advance Palliative Care, Co-director, Patty and Jay Baker National Palliative Care Center, Professor, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Catherine Gaisman Professor of Medical Ethics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Tim Millea, MD, Fellow, American Board of Orthopedic Surgeons, Iowa, USA; Alisha Montes, MD, MPH, FRCP, Pediatrician, Newfoundland, Canada; Jos\u00e9 A. Morais, MD, FRCPC, Director, Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Marie Angelle Moreau, MD, General Internist, Alberta, Canada; Louis Morissette, MD, FRCP, Forensic Psychiatrist, UM, Institiut national de psychiatrie l\u00e9gale Philippe-Pinel, Quebec, Canada; R. Sean Morrison, MD, Ellen and Howard C. Katz Professor and Chair, Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Michael E. Mrozek, MD, FRCP(C), Toronto, Ontario; Christopher Newcombe, CCFP (EM), British Columbia, Canada; Nicholas Newman, MD, FRCSC, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Universit\u00e9 de Quebec, Quebec, Canada; Laurence Normand-Rivest, MD, Quebec, Canada; Natalia Novosedlik, MD, CCFP(PC), Ontario, Canada; Kevin O'Kane, BSc(Hons), MB, ChB, LLM, FRCP, FRCPE, Consultant in General & Acute Internal Medicine, London, United Kingdom; F\u00e9lix Pageau, MD, FRCPC, MA, Philosophy, Geriatrician, Ethicist, Assistant Medicine Professor (Professeur adjoint m\u00e9decin enseignant sous octoi), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Full researcher, VITAM - Research Center on Sustainable Health and the Centre d'excellence en vieillissement de Qu\u00e9bec, Laval University and CIUSSS Capitale-National, Quebec, Canada; Michael J. Passmore, MD, FRCPC, British Columbia, Canada; M. Jill Peacock, MD, FCFP (retired), British Columbia, Canada; Jos\u00e9 Pereira, MBChB, CCFP (PC), MSc, FCFP, PhD, Professor, Division of Palliative Care, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Donald J. Peters, MD, FRCPC (retired), Manitoba, Canada; Robin Pierucci, MD, MA, Clinical Neonatologist, Michigan, USA; Liette Pilon, MD, Retired Family Practice, Quebec, Canada; Ivan Poukhovski-Sheremetyev, MD, FRCPC, Ontario, Canada; Fran\u00e7ois Primeau, MD, FRCPC, Full Clinical Professor, Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Laval University, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada; Lukas Radbruch, MD, PHD, Professor, Department of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Chair of the board of directors of IAHPC, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany; Larry Rados, MD, CCFP, Manitoba, Canada; Shirley Reddoch, MD, FAAP, Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Maryland, USA; Claud Regnard, FRCP, Honorary consultant in Palliative Care Medicine, St. Oswald's Hospice, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom; Karen Reimers, MD, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, University of Central Florida, Florida, USA; Jean-Marie M. Ribeyre, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Associate Professor/Professeur Agrege, St. Lawrence Valley Correctional and Treatment Centre - Secure Treatment Unit, Ontario, Canada; Evan Ritchie, MD, PGY-4, Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Alberta, Canada; Roger Roberge, MD, PhD, Quebec, Canada; Anne Rose, MD, Ontario, Canada; Skye Rousseau, MD, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, University of Manitoba, Dept. of Psychiatry, Manitoba, Canada; Edward J Rzadki, BA, MD, FRCPC, Assistant Professor Psychiatry U of T 1969 (retired), Past President, Ontario Psychiatric Association, Past Chief of Psychiatry, Etobicoke General Hospital, Past Chief of Staff, Etobicoke General Hospital, William Osler Health Centre, Past Corporate Chief of Psychiatry and Past Medical Director, Mental Health and Addictions, 1999-2007, Ontario, Canada; Paul Saba, M.D. C.M. M.Sc., Family Physician & Author of Made to Live, Quebec, Canada; Richard H. Sandler, MD, Professor of Pediatrics, Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Florida, USA; Jitender Sareen, MD, Department Head, Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Provincial Specialty Lead, Mental Health and Addictions, Shared Health, Manitoba, Canada; Luke Savage, BKin(Hons), MD, CCFP, FCFP, Alberta, Canada; Anton Scamvougeras, MBChB, FRCPC, Neuropsychiatrist, UBC Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada; H. Schipper, BASc, MD, FRCP(C), Professor of Medicine, Adjunct Professor of Law, University of Toronto, MindenSchipper & Associates Inc., Ontario, Canada; Valerie Schulz, MD, FRCPC, MPH, CPC(HC), Ontario, Canada; John F Scott, MD, Associate Professor, Palliative Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Nathan Schaffer, MD, FRCPC, Clinical Assistant Professor, Dept of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia; Mary V. Seeman, OC, MDCM, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Antonia Seli, BSc(Hons), MD, FRCPC, Staff Psychiatrist, Adult Outpatient Services, Halton Healthcare - Oakville Trafalgar Memorial Hospital, Medical Lead - One Link, Assistant Clinical Professor - McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Keith Sequeira, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ontario, Canada; Amir Shamlou, MD, FRCPC, Manitoba, Canada; Alexander Simpson, MBChB, BMedSci, FRANZCP, FCPA, Chair in Forensic Psychiatry, CAMH + University of Toronto, Senior Scientist, Research Program, CAMH, Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health - University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Richard R. J. Smyth, MBBS, LRCP, FRCS, FRCSC - retired, Adjunct Professor in Faculty of Science, Thompson Rivers University, BC, Clinical Instructor in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada; Allan B. Steingart, MD, FRCPC, Ontario, Canada; Theresa Szezepaniak, MB ChB, DRCOG, Dip IMC(RCSEd), LMCC, Hospitalist, Family Medicine, British Columbia, Canada; Matthew David Swatski, MD, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, SUNY at Buffalo Pediatrics Chief Resident, Pennsylvania, USA; Sanasi Swatski, MD, PGY2, Family Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Sephora Tang, MD, FRCPC, Assistant Professor, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Agnes Tanguay, MD, CCFP, Ontario, Canada; Robert Twycross, DM, FRCP, FRCR, Emeritus Clinical Reader in Palliative Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom; Stephen Vander Klippe, Family Physician., Ontario, Canada; Lilian Lee Yan Vivas, BSc, MD, FRCPC, CSCN, Dip. (EMG), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ontario, Canada; Lucas Vivas, CD, MD, MHSc (Bioethics), FRCPC, Active Staff, General Internal Medicine, William Osler Health System, Assistant Clinical Professor (Adjunct), Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Declan Walsh, MD, MSc, FACP, FRCP(Edin), Chair, Department of Supportive Oncology, Atrium Health Levine Cancer, Clinical Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, The Hemby Family Endowed Chair in Supportive Oncology, Editor-in-Chief, BMJ Supportive and Palliative Care, Fellow Emeritus, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, North Carolina, USA; Ellen Warner, MD, MSc, FRCPC, FACP, Division of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, Professor of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Eric Wasylenko, MD, CCFP, (PC), MHSc (bioethics), Adjunct, Division of Palliative Medicine, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary; and Adjunct, John Dossetor Health Ethics Centre, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Shawn Whatley, MD, FCFP(EM), Munk Senior Fellow in Health Policy, Macdonald-Laurier Institute, Past President, Ontario Medical Association, Ontario, Canada; Frederick J. White, MD, FACC, FCCP, HEC-C, Louisiana, USA; DP Whitehouse, MB, ChB, MSc, PG Dip Pall Med, Diploma Tropical Med and Hygiene, PG Cert International Development & Conflict, FRCP, AFOM., Consultant in Palliative, Respiratory and General Medicine., Bosham, United Kingdom; James Wheeler, MD, MSC, CCFP, FCFP, Ontario, Canada; Kiely Williams, MD, CCFP, FCFP, Alberta, Canada; Maria Wolfs, MD, MHSc, FRCPC, Ontario, Canada; Jerome Yang, MD, MHSc, CCFP(AM), British Columbia, Canada; Jonathan Yang, MD, CCFP, British Columbia, Canada; Stanley Yaren, MD, FRCPC (psychiatry), Associate Professor, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada; John W. S. Yun, MD, FRCPC, Oncology, British Columbia, Canada; Joel Zivot, MD, FRCPC, Emory University, Georgia, USA; Alexandra Zyla, MD, PGY-2 Anatomical Pathology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.No funding was received for this article."}
+{"text": "A scientific journal exists only because of the good will and assistance of its reviewers. We can only publish approximately a fifth of the papers we receive and, in order to publish really high-quality papers, we depend on the expertise of many people. During 2021 a total of 480 reviewers have helped us to decide about the papers that we should publish. Their names are listed below and we would like to take this opportunity to thank them. The list refers to reviewers completing their task until 1st of December 2021. Merita Berisha, AlbaniaEdward A. Ruiz-Narv\u00b4aez, United StatesMette Aadahl, DenmarkMari Aaltonen, FinlandMuhammad Abbas, ChinaMichelle Addison, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandKees Ahaus, NetherlandsMarion Aichberger, GermanyEva Aizpurua, United StatesYannis Alamanos, GreeceTit Albreht, SloveniaDjordje Alempijevic, SerbiaDenise Alexander, IrelandGianfranco Alicandro, ItalyMirjam Allik, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandJordi Alonso, SpainCarlos Alves, PortugalTarik Amer, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandC. Ananth, United StatesIngelise Andersen, DenmarkTatiana Andreeva, UkrainePeter Angelopoulos, GreeceAhti Anttila, FinlandCigdem Apaydin Kaya, TurkeyFranklin Apfel, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandRamiz Arabaci, TurkeyNimmathota Arlappa, IndiaHector Arolas, SpainLucia Artazcoz, SpainBarbara Artnik, SloveniaHila Axelrad, IsraelAli Babij, United StatesThomas Babor, United StatesEva Bacsne Baba, HungarySekene Badiaga, FranceChristine Baldwin, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandTom Baranowski, United StatesAngelo Barbato, ItalyLiad Bareket-Bojmel, IsraelPepita Barlow, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandOrna Baron-Epel, IsraelSarah Basharat, PakistanAlessandra Battisti, ItalyC\u00e9dric Baumann, FranceLinda Bell, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandNadia Benahmed, BelgiumFernando Benavides, SpainNetta Bentur, IsraelPatrick Bergman, SwedenClaudia Berlin, GermanyMarriot Bernadette, United StatesMatthias Bethge, GermanyMaria Augusta, Bezerra, BrazilStuart Biddle, Australia\u00c9va B\u00edr\u00f3, HungaryAlexandre Bisdorff, LuxembourgIngunn Bjornsdottir, DenmarkCecilia Bj\u00f6rkelund, SwedenJohan Bj\u00f8rngaard, NorwayJenni Blomgren, FinlandKim Bloomfield, DenmarkMartin Bobak, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandStefania Boccia, ItalyEdwin Boezeman, NetherlandsPaolo Boffetta, ItalyAnette Ella, Boklund, DenmarkAnne Brabers, NetherlandsHenry Brandon, United StatesSven Bremberg, SwedenBronwyn Brew, SwedenOve Bring, Sweden\u00d3scar Brito Fernandes, NetherlandsJoanna Broad, New ZealandTimothy Broady, AustraliaDenise Brown, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandLaura Brunelli, ItalyMartin Brussig, GermanyBernd Br\u00fcggenj\u00fcrgen, GermanyRichard Br\u00e4nstr\u00f6m, SwedenHenrik Br\u00f8nnum-Hansen, DenmarkAlex Burdorf, NetherlandsJeni Burnette, United StatesBo Burstr\u00f6m, SwedenSusan Buskin, United StatesHenrik B\u00f8ggild, DenmarkChiara Cadeddu, ItalyYutong Cai, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandToma\u017e \u010cak\u0161, SloveniaAdele Caldarella, ItalyIn\u00eas Campos-Matos, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandJaume Canela, SpainMayilee Canizares, CanadaLorenzo Capasso, ItalySimon Capewell, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandMabel Carabali, CanadaMartin Caraher, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandMargarida Cardoso, PortugalMargherita Caroli, ItalyEwan Carr, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandElena Carrillo \u00c1lvarez, SpainDayan Carvalho Ramos Salles de Oliveira, BrazilJose Castillo, SpainR. Catalano, United StatesNicolo Cavalli, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandJeremy Chancellor, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandJustin Chapman, United StatesHaohao Chen, ChinaKong-Tong Chen, TaiwanLan Cheng, GermanyPalma Chill\u00f3n, SpainMaria-Dolores Chirlaque, SpainEun Choi, United StatesAnne Christensen, DenmarkNain-Feng Chu, TaiwanBronwyn Clark, AustraliaMiriam Colombo, United StatesGiuseppe Costa, ItalyClaudia Costa, PortugalJen Coury, United StatesMatty Crone, NetherlandsPaolo Crosignani, ItalyYuehua Cui, ChinaSarah Cuschieri, MaltaBruno da Costa, BrazilEspen Dahl, NorwayAnna-Karin Danielsson, SwedenZuzana Dankulincova, SlovakiaJean-Francois Daoust, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandRituparna Das, IndiaMike Daube, AustraliaBarbara D'Avanzo, ItalyA. Davis, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandGuy De Backer, BelgiumSascha de Breij, NetherlandsAstrid de Wind, NetherlandsPatricia M. Dekkers-S\u00e1nchez, NetherlandsAnnarosa del Mistro, ItalyLanfranco D'Elia, ItalyMichael Deml, SwitzerlandEvangelia Demou, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandZelalem Destaw, EthiopiaGiorgio Di Gessa, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandGiuseppe Di Martino, ItalySara Dias, PortugalJulio Diaz, SpainFinn Diderichsen, DenmarkJennifer Dixon, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandFel\u0131citas Dom\u0131nguez-Berjon, SpainYanghui Dong, ChinaDanny Dorling, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandGerardine Doyle, IrelandDunja Dreesens, NetherlandsSven Drefahl, SwedenGertjan Driessen, NetherlandsKatarzyna Dubas-Jak\u00f3bczyk, PolandNathalie Duchange, FranceXavier Duran, SpainMagdalena Durda-Masny, PolandRaika Durusoy, TurkeyMarion Duval, FranceHans Duvekot, NetherlandsChristina Edwards, NorwayFrida Eek, SwedenBoris Ehrenstein, GermanyPeter Eibich, GermanyMarion Eisele, GermanyMikael Ekblad, FinlandAnna Mia Ekstr\u00f6m, SwedenNuha El Sharif, Palestine, State of Eric Emerson, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandCornelia Enzenbach, GermanySaffet Erdo\u011fan, TurkeyErdem Erkoyun, TurkeySofija Ernesta, AustraliaJohn Fanourgiakis, GreeceAlan Farrier, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandPaula Feder-Bubis, IsraelGracia Fellmeth, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandJoao Ferreira-Pinto, United StatesWies\u0142aw Fidecki, PolandFlorian Fischer, GermanyClaudia Fischer, NetherlandsPatricia Fitzpatrick, IrelandMaria Elena Flacco, ItalyMaria Fleischmann, NetherlandsP\u00e4r Flodin, SwedenMari-Ann Flyvholm, DenmarkAnders Foldspang, DenmarkCarla Fornari, ItalyEmma Fransson, SwedenIn\u00eas Fronteira, PortugalThomas Fr\u00f6hlich, GermanySari Fr\u00f6jd, FinlandJudith Fuchs, GermanySonsoles Fuentes, SpainSilvano Gallus, ItalyM\u00aa Victoria Galvez, SpainThomas Gamsj\u00e4ger, AustriaKristin Ganahl, AustriaInmaculada Garc\u00eda Mart\u00ednez, SpainHeike Garritsen, NetherlandsTony Gatrell, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandVijay Gc, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandLaurence Geebelen, BelgiumDelaram Ghodsi, IranMonica Giancotti, ItalyTheodoros Giannouchos, United StatesKatja Gillander G\u00e5din, SwedenFelix Gille, SwitzerlandAlejandro Gil-Salmer\u00f3n, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandPaolo Giorgi Rossi, ItalyRoberto Gnavi, ItalyPere Godoy, SpainRosa Gofin, IsraelBernard Gonik, United StatesAngelina Gonzalez Viana, SpainFrancisco-Javier Gonzalez-Barcala, SpainNick Goodwin, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandUnni Gopinathan, NorwayGiuseppe Gorini, United StatesIgor Grabovac, AustriaGuendalina Graffigna, ItalyIrina Grafova, United StatesEleanor Grieve, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandAnne Griffin, IrelandEva Grill, GermanyPeter Groenewegen, NetherlandsLaurence Gruer, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandMaria Gualano, ItalyPedro Gullon, SpainMaria Guzman-Castillo, FinlandIsabel Hach, GermanyFaisal Hakeem, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandTorleif Halkjelsvik, NorwayVirginie Halley des Fontaines, FranceLiping Hao, ChinaBeatrijs Haverkamp, NetherlandsLouise Hawkley, United StatesSamah Hayek, IsraelK\u00e8ne Henkens, NetherlandsGunnel Hensing, SwedenAnders Hjern, SwedenSarah Hoeck, BelgiumTheodore Holford, United StatesChristine Holmberg, GermanyC. Homer, AustraliaH. Hoven, GermanyChang-Ming Hsieh, United StatesMin Hu, ChinaKuo-Cherh Huang, TaiwanJuliette Hussey, IrelandLena H\u00fcnefeld, GermanyM. Ishikane, JapanNazrul Islam, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandRachel Jackson-Leach, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandTeresa Janevic, United StatesJanko Jankovic, SerbiaDomantas Jasilionis, GermanyMelanie Jones, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandJoshua Winston Joseph, United StatesChristian Jung, GermanyKarsten J\u00f8rgensen, DenmarkM. Kakizaki, JapanRainer Kaluscha, GermanyDaiga Kamer\u0101de, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandSamuli Kangaslampi, FinlandBrystana Kaufman, United StatesLars Kayser, DenmarkCarl Kendall, United StatesErin Kenzie, United StatesEvert Ketting, NetherlandsMyriam Khlat, FranceKatarzyna Kissimova-Skarbek, PolandNiek Klazinga, NetherlandsA.K. Knudsen, NorwayTetsuro Kobayashi, JapanStefan Kohler, GermanyNatasja Koitzsch Jensen, DenmarkNaoru Koizumi, United StatesMargarita Kokkorou, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandRudolf Kool, NetherlandsKarolina K\u00f3sa, HungaryKaroline Kragelund Nielsen, DenmarkMargareta Kristenson, SwedenAlfgeir Kristjansson, IcelandTove Kristoffersen, NorwayAnton Kunst, NetherlandsOliver Kurzai, GermanyY. Kusama, JapanThomas K\u00fchlein, GermanyCarlo La Vecchia, ItalyJeremy Labrecque, NetherlandsNathalie Lahoud, LebanonTaavi Lai, EstoniaTea Lallukka, FinlandGiovanni Lamura, ItalyPeter Lansberg, NetherlandsOlga Laosa, SpainAndrea Lavazza, ItalyStephen Lawoko, SwedenTeresa Leao, PortugalWonkyong Lee, CanadaSeo Yoon Lee, Korea, the Republic of Hans Lehrach, GermanyLijian Lei, ChinaLiliya Leopold, NetherlandsPeter Lepping, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandJie Li, United StatesYige Li, United StatesYajun Liang, SwedenLaura Lindberg, DenmarkHedda Lippus, EstoniaEmily Long, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandFrancesco Longo, ItalyE. Lothian, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandRikke Lund, DenmarkUlf Lundberg, SwedenTorkild Lyngstad, NorwayMhairi Mackenzie, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIgnacio Madero-Cabib, ChileManfred Maier, AustriaElena Manescu, RomaniaM. Marti, SpainLeslie Martin, United StatesJolanda Mathijssen, NetherlandsT. Matsubayashi, JapanXi\u00e1n Mayo, SpainJoanna Mazur, PolandJim McCambridge, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandMary McEniry, United StatesPhilip McLoone, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandErik Mel\u00e9n, SwedenAziz Mensah, GermanyEmmanouil Mentzakis, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandGwenn Menvielle, FranceChristian Meyer, GermanyQun Miao, CanadaDusanka Micetic-Turk, SloveniaReyaj Mikrani, ChinaPilar Modamio, SpainS. Modrek, United StatesSusanne Moebus, GermanyAnders Moellekaer, DenmarkBishav Mohan, IndiaJill-Marit Moholt, NorwayAnu Molarius, SwedenLinda Montanari, PortugalSimon Moore, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandBritt Morthorst, DenmarkShayan Mostafaei, IranMaria Mour\u00e3o-Carvalhal, PortugalMassimo Mucciardi, ItalyMadhuri Mulekar, United StatesYuichi Muraki, JapanAkinori Nakata, JapanCathrine Nakken, DenmarkElin Naurin, SwedenLuciana Neamtiu, ItalyDavide Negrini, ItalyGeorgios Nikolopoulos, CyprusPeter Nilsson, SwedenThor Norstr\u00f6m, SwedenLeslie Ogilvie, GermanyAtte Oksanen, FinlandAnna Oksuzyan, GermanyVal\u00e9rie Oli\u00e9, FranceJacques Orvain, FranceAndrea Padoan, ItalyDemosthenes Panagiotakos, GreeceKelly Parsons, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandAnna Pearce, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandSergio Perelman, BelgiumJulian Perelman, PortugalPamela Pereyra-Zamora, SpainIvan Perry, IrelandArmando Peruga, SwitzerlandT. Petitte, United StatesPaola Piccolo, ItalySylvain Pichetti, FranceMatthias Pierce, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandPeter Piko, HungaryStefan Pilcher, SwitzerlandPaul Pinsky, United StatesSami Pirkola, FinlandPrisco Piscitelli, ItalyCarme Planas-Campmany, SpainSabine Plancoulaine, FranceThomas Pl\u00fcmper, AustriaAndrea Poscia, ItalyAlejandro Prieto Ayuso, SpainTina Purnat, SwedenOssi Rahkonen, FinlandFrancesco Ramponi, SpainSarah Reed, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandSijmen Reijneveld, NetherlandsSofia Ribeiro, PortugalMargret Rihs, SwitzerlandArja Rimpel\u00e4, FinlandKaaja Risto, United StatesRenne Rodrigues, BrazilFernando Rodriguez-Artalejo, SpainVladimir Rogalewicz, Czech RepublicManuel Romero-Gomez, SpainJ\u00e9r\u00f4me Ronchetti, FranceSam Rowlands, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandSarah Rozenblum, United StatesReiner Rugulies, DenmarkAbigail Emma Russell, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandKeith Sabin, SwitzerlandLu\u00eds Saboga Nunes, PortugalMuhammad Saeed, PakistanEdgar Samarasundera, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandLaura Samuel, United StatesJo\u00e3o Santos, PortugalTugce Schmitt, NetherlandsClaudia Schoenborn, BelgiumNaomi Schwartz, CanadaDavid Seal, United StatesChris Segrin, United StatesVida Sheikh, United StatesWensong Shen, Hong KongMary Shilalukey Ngoma, ZambiaColin Shore, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandKarri Silventoinen, FinlandErika Siu, United StatesSara Souza, CanadaPinar Soysal, TurkeyJacob Spallek, GermanyDomonic Sparkes, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandAdina Stan, RomaniaDenes Stefler, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandRobert Stein, United StatesTimo St\u00e5hl, FinlandHarry Sumnall, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandAlma S\u00f6rberg Wallin, SwedenJennifer Taber, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandM. Tallarek, GermanyDavid Taylor-Robinson, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandLiesbeth Temme, NetherlandsJ\u00fcrgen Thelen, GermanyIoannis Theodossiou, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandBetsy Thom, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandSiri Thor, United StatesMaija Toivakka, FinlandHanna Tolonen, FinlandP. Tyrer, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandSven T\u00f6rnberg, SwedenEmre Umucu, United StatesAntonis Valachis, GreeceMaria Valenzuela, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandDavid Walsh, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandJ. van der Velden, NetherlandsHans van der Wouden, NetherlandsFrank van Lenthe, NetherlandsHanna van Solinge, NetherlandsIrene van Valkengoed, NetherlandsCarine Vande Voorde, BelgiumP. Vanella, GermanyRakhi Vashishtha, AustraliaH. Gilbert Welch, United StatesJacques Wels, BelgiumUno Wennergren, SwedenRobert Verheij, NetherlandsMargaret Whitehead, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandFrancesco Violante, ItalyMarianna Virtanen, SwedenDirk Witteveen, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandAlejandra Vives, ChileSabine Vogler, AustriaG Zagury, ChinaJennifer Zeitlin, FranceCaixia Zhang, ChinaDong Zhang, United StatesPengxiang Zhao, SwedenBin Zhou, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandCorina-Aurelia Zugravu, RomaniaGunnar \u00c5gren, SwedenJohan \u00c5hl\u00e9n, SwedenPer-Olof \u00d6stergren, SwedenHilal \u00d6zcebe, Turkey"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-38980-3, published online 20 July 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in affiliations 6, 7, 9 and 10. The correct affiliations are listed below.6 International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF House, UN Avenue, Nairobi, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Kenya.7 Department of Molecular Biology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, Haryana, India.9 Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea.10 International Corn Foundation, Pohang, Republic of Korea.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "To the Editor: The benefit of switching between biologics is being documented by a growing body of evidence in the plaque psoriasis literature.,We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of patients aged \u226518\u00a0years with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis  who received risankizumab following an inadequate response to guselkumab. Responders were those who achieved 90% improvement in baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI90) or Physician Global Assessment scores of 0 (clear) or 1 .,The baseline demographics and clinical outcomes are summarized in Among primary guselkumab nonresponders, 60% (9/15) of patients responded to risankizumab at week 16  and 46.7Adverse events (AEs) to risankizumab were uncommon, with 1 AE reported in each of the 16- and 52-week cohorts. Injection-site reaction led to discontinuation of risankizumab in 1 patient prior to 16\u00a0weeks; in another patient, a non\u2013life-threatening venous thromboembolism developed between 16 and 52\u00a0weeks, with risankizumab being subsequently discontinued because of an unsatisfactory response. Neither of the 2 aforementioned patients reported AEs while on guselkumab.In summary, we present the largest cohort of patients with long-term follow-up, highlighting the favorable real-world effectiveness and safety of risankizumab for plaque psoriasis in guselkumab-failure patients. The results of our study support the growing body of literature regarding the promising effectiveness and safety profiles of risankizumab, with the added perspective of switching from guselkumab.Dr Yeung has been an advisor, consultant, speaker, and/or investigator for AbbVie, Allergan, Amgen, Arcutis, Astellas, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Celgene, Centocor, Coherus, Dermavant, Dermira, Forward, Galderma, GlaxoSmithKline, Incyte, Janssen, Kyowa, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Medimmune, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi Genzyme, SunPharma, Takeda, UCB, Valeant , and Xenon. Dr Prajapati has served as an investigator for AbbVie, Amgen, Arcutis, Arena, Asana, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Concert, Dermavant, Dermira, Eli Lilly, Galderma, Incyte, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Nimbus Lakshmi, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Reistone, Sanofi Genzyme, UCB, and Valeant and has served as a consultant, advisor, and/or speaker for AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, Aralez, Arcutis, Aspen, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Cipher, Eli Lilly, Galderma, GlaxoSmithKline, Homeocan, Janssen, LEO Pharma, L'Oreal, Medexus, Novartis, Pediapharm, Pfizer, Sanofi Genzyme, SunPharma, Tribute, UCB, and Valeant. Dr Vender received grants/research support from Abbvie, Amgen, Bausch Health, Centocor, Dermira, Dermavant, Galderma, GSK, Leo, Lilly, Takeda, Novartis, Merck, Pfizer, Regeneron, UCB; received honoraria as a speaker for AbbVie, Amgen, Janssen, Galderma, GSK, Leo, Lilly, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Bausch-Health, Actelion, Celgene, Cipher, and UCB; and was a consultant for Abbvie, Amgen, BMS, Janssen, Galderma, GSK, Leo, Lilly, Merck, Novartis, Paladin Labs Inc., Pfizer, Bausch-Health, Actelion, Celgene, Cipher, and UCB. Drs Mufti, Maliyar, and Georgakopoulos and Authors Bagit, Rankin, Le, and Rimke have no conflicts of interest to declare."}
+{"text": "Please note that my affiliation has to be corrected as mentioned below and disregard my previous affiliation:A. Corrected Affiliation:11\u2010Team Erevnites, Trivandrum, India.2Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation College of Medicine, San Carlos City, Pangasinan, Philippines.B. Previous wrong Affiliation:1Team Erevnites, Trivandrum, India.2Computational Cardiovascular Simulations Center, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA.Regards,Prakash Gupta.drprakashgupta1993@gmail.com"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39884-y, published online 30 August 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for Sudhanshu Kumar. Their correct affiliations are listed below.Centre for Ocean, River, Atmosphere and Land Sciences (CORAL), Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Corrigendum on:Impact of a tobacco sales ban on the frequency of tobacco consumption in India during the COVID-19 pandemicBy Nitika Sharma, Mansi Chopra, Linda Bauld, Gaurang P. Nazar, Nishigandha Joshi, Aastha Chugh, Sailesh Mohan, Deepa Mohan, Mohammed K. Ali, Vishwanathan Mohan, Nikhil Tandon, K. M. Venkat Narayan, K. Srinath Reddy, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Monika AroraTobacco Induced Diseases, Volume 21, Issue April, Pages 1\u20136, Publish date: 28 April 2023https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/161855DOI: In the originally published version of the article, the name of the 12th author was given as Venkat K. M. Narayan and is now changed to K. M. Venkat Narayan. Furthermore, in the authors\u2019 contributions section, the initials VKMN are now changed to KMVN. The mentioned changes are corrected also online."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MI, IH, TH, and MA did not agree with the retraction. HK, AP, MM, ST, FS, and HOE either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Neuro-Oncology, Volume 22, Issue Supplement_3, December 2020, Page iii287, https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.052This is a corrigendum to: Grace Lau, Julie Drummond, Nataliya Zhukova, Paul Wood, Lisa Janson, DDEL-17. TRIPLE INTRAVENTRICULAR CHEMOTHERAPY FOR TREATMENT OF RELAPSED CHOROID PLEXUS CARCINOMA, In the originally published online version of this manuscript, Paul Wood was inadvertently omitted from the list of authors.This error has now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction: Acta Neuropathologica 10.1007/s00401-023-02571-3In the original publication, Dr Ghazaleh Tabatabai\u2019s affiliation was incorrectly published as Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Eberhard Karls University T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany.The correct affiliation should read asDepartment of Neurology and Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany."}
+{"text": "Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, Volume 30, Issue 1, January 2023, Pages 103\u2013111, https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocac203This is a correction to: Vaclav Papez, Maxim Moinat, Erica A Voss, Sofia Bazakou, Anne Van Winzum, Alessia Peviani, Stefan Payralbe, Elena Garcia Lara, Michael Kallfelz, Folkert W Asselbergs, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, Richard J B Dobson, Spiros Denaxas, Transforming and evaluating the UK Biobank to the OMOP Common Data Model for COVID-19 research and beyond, In the originally published version of this manuscript, Elena Garcia Lara was erroneously omitted from the list of authors.This error has now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33094-2, published online 20 April 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the names of authors Sara Cerasi, Davide Leardini, Nunzia Lisanti, Tamara Belotti, Luca Pierantoni, Daniele Zama, Marcello Lanari, Arcangelo Prete and Riccardo Masetti, which were incorrectly given as Cerasi Sara, Leardini Davide, Lisanti Nunzia, Belotti Tamara, Pierantoni Luca, Zama Daniele, Lanari Marcello, Prete Arcangelo and Masetti Riccardo.The original Article and accompanying Supplementary Information file have been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Public Health 23, 1824 (2023).10.1186/s12889-023-16761-xThe original publication of this article contained an affiliation error, the correct and incorrect information is listed in this correction article. The original article has been updated.Incorrect3Bich Ha Pham3Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, 100 South Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.Correct2Bich Ha Pham2Healthcare Anchor Network, 2202 18th St. NW, Suite 317, Washington, DC 20009, USA."}
+{"text": "Journal of Surgical Case Reports, Volume 2023, Issue 3, March 2023, rjad106, https://doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjad106This is a correction to: Wajiha Arshad, Shahzaib Maqbool, Javeria A Kiany, Ali Raza, Umer Farooq, Qasim Ali, Ka Y Lee, A rare case of retropharyngeal liposarcoma: a rare location of a rare diagnosis, In the originally published version of this manuscript, author Ka Y Lee's affiliation, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Ostersund 83125, Sweden, was inadvertently omitted.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-33769-w, published online 24 April 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the names of the authors Nattapon Rotpenpian, Aree Wanasuntronwong, Sompol Tapechum, Anchalee Vattarakorn, Chit Care, Wongsathit Chindasri, Kanokwan Tilokskulchai, Mayuree H. Tantisira & Narawut Pakaprot, which were incorrectly given as Rotpenpian Nattapon, Wanasuntronwong Aree, Tapechum Sompol, Vattarakorn Anchalee, Care Chit, Chindasri Wongsathit, Tilokskulchai Kanokwan, Tantisira H. Mayuree & Pakaprot Narawut.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because TY, NL, JL, QH, YL, and HZ did not agree with the retraction. RL, YY, WC, and QW either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Brain Communications, Volume 5, Issue 1, 2023, fcac255, https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcac255This is a correction to: Sara Baldini, Maria Elisa Morelli, Arianna Sartori, Fulvio Pasquin, Alessandro Dinoto, Alessio Bratina, Antonio Bosco, Paolo Manganotti, Microstates in multiple sclerosis: an electrophysiological signature of altered large-scale networks functioning?, In the originally published version of this manuscript, in Figure\u00a03, the colours included in the key for HCs and RRMS values were transposed; HCs was incorrectly labelled blue and RRMS red.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "In \u201cUnassisted Clinicians Versus Deep Learning\u2013Assisted Clinicians in Image-Based Cancer Diagnostics: Systematic Review With Meta-analysis\u201d , the authors noted one error.In the originally published article, the highest academic degrees for thirteen of the authors were erroneously displayed in the authorship list as follows:Peng Xue, PhD; Mingyu Si, PhD; Dongxu Qin, MD; Bingrui Wei, MD; Zichen Ye, MD; Mingyang Chen, PhD; Sumeng Wang, PhD; Cheng Song, PhD; Bo Zhang, MD; Ming Ding, MD; Wenling Zhang, MD; Anying Bai, PhD; Huijiao Yan, PhD.These have been corrected to:Peng Xue, MPH; Mingyu Si, MPH; Dongxu Qin, BM; Bingrui Wei, BS; Zichen Ye, BM; Mingyang Chen, BM; Sumeng Wang, BM; Cheng Song, MPhil; Bo Zhang, BM; Ming Ding, BM; Wenling Zhang, BM; Anying Bai, BM; Huijiao Yan, MPH.The correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR Publications website on June 2, 2023, together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories."}
+{"text": "British Journal of Surgery, 2022; znac301, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znac301This is an erratum to: Michelle R de Graaff, Rianne N M Hogenbirk, Yester F Janssen, Arthur K E Elfrink, Ronald S L Liem, Simon W Nienhuijs, Jean Paul P M de Vries, Jan Willem Elshof, Emiel Verdaasdonk, Jarno Melenhorst, H L van Westreenen, Marc G H Besselink, Jelle P Ruurda, Mark I van Berge Henegouwen, Joost M Klaase, Marcel den Dulk, Mark van Heijl, Johannes H Hegeman, Jerry Braun, Daan M Voeten, Franka S W\u00fcrdemann, Anne Loes K Warps, Anna J Alberga, J Annelie Suurmeijer, Erman O Akpinar, Nienke Wolfhagen, Anne Loes van den Boom, Marieke J Bolster-van Eenennaam, Peter van Duijvendijk, David J Heineman, Michel W J M Wouters, Schelto Kruijff, the Dutch CovidSurg Collaborative Study Group, Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical care in the Netherlands, In the originally published version of this article, Rianne N M Hogenbirk was erroneously not recognized as one of the first authors.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "BioScience, Volume 73, Issue 3, March 2023, Pages 168\u2013181, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biac100This is a correction to: Sofie Meeus, Iolanda Silva-Rocha, Tim Adriaens, Peter M J Brown, Niki Chartosia, Bernat Claramunt-L\u00f3pez, Angeliki F Martinou, Michael J O Pocock, Cristina Preda, Helen E Roy, Elena Tricarico, Quentin J Groom, More than a Bit of Fun: The Multiple Outcomes of a Bioblitz, In the originally published HTML version of this manuscript, figures 4 and 5 were transposed.This error has now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Bioinformatics, Volume 39, Issue 9, September 2023, btad548, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btad548This is a correction to: Seong-Joon Park, Sunghwan Kim, Jaeho Jeong, Albert No, Jong-Seon No, Hosung Park, Reducing cost in DNA-based data storage by sequence analysis-aided soft information decoding of variable-length reads, In the originally published version of this manuscript, author Sunghwan Kim\u2019s affiliation was incomplete.This has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Culicoides of Mexico is presented. It includes 86 species with their regional distribution and corresponding record references, known immature stages and associated pathogens. In addition, a taxonomic key for subgenera and species groups for Mexico is presented and an index of species by state is included.An updated catalogue of  Culicoides Latreille, 1809 are tiny hematophagous dipterans, between 1 to 3 millimeters of length, and are known as \u201cjejenes\u201d, \u201cpolvorines\u201d, \u201cpurrujas\u201d, or \u201cchaquistes\u201d in Spanish, and as \u201cbiting midges\u201d, \u201cno-see-ums\u201d, or \u201cpunkies\u201d in English . Type species: Culicoidesdendrophilus Amosova, by original designation.Culicoides (Amossovia) cochisensis Wirth & Blanton, 1967Culicoidescochisensis Wirth & Blanton, 1967: 216. Type locality: United States, Arizona, Santa Cruz, Sycamore Canyon. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California Sur  oklahomensis Khalaf, 1952Culicoidesoklahomensis Khalaf, 1952: 355 (as subspecies of villosipennis Root and Hoffman). Type locality: United States, Oklahoma, Wichita Refuge. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California, Sonora  ousairani Khalaf, 1952Culicoidesousairani Khalaf, 1952: 354. Type locality: United States, Oklahoma, Wichita Refuge. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Nuevo Le\u00f3n . Type species: Culicoidescovagarciai Ortiz, by original designation.Culicoides (Anilomyia) hayesi Matta, 1967Culicoideshayesi Matta, 1967: 75. Type locality: Honduras, Distrito Central, La Tigra. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Tamaulipas  nigrigenus Wirth & Blanton, 1956Culicoidesnigrigenus Wirth & Blanton, 1956b: 222. Type locality: Panama, Boca del Toro, Almirante. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Veracruz  pseudodecor Spinelli & Huerta, 2015Culicoidespseudodecor Spinelli & Huerta, 2015: 818. Type locality: Mexico, Morelos, El Salto Falls.Distribution in Mexico. Morelos, Veracruz . Type species: Ceratopogonobsoletus Meigen, by original designation.Culicoides (Avaritia) boydi Wirth & Mullens, 1992Culicoidesboydi Wirth & Mullens, 1992: 1006. Type locality: United States, California Riverside County, Deep Canyon, Santa Rosa Mountains. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California  pusilloides Wirth & Blanton, 1955Culicoidespusilloides Wirth & Blanton, 1955a: 104. Type locality: Panama, Boca del Toro Province, Almirante. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas  pusillus Lutz, 1913Culicoidespusillus Lutz, 1913: 52. Type locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Manguinhos. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas . Type species: Culicoidescrepuscularis Malloch, by original designation.Culicoides (Beltranmyia) crepuscularis Malloch, 1915Culicoidescrepuscularis Malloch, 1915: 303. Type locality: United States, Illinois, Du Bois. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City , H.velans . Type species: Culicoidesgrisescens Edwards, by original designation.Culicoides (Culicoides) elutus Macfie, 1948Culicoideselutus Macfie, 1948: 75. Type locality: Mexico, Chiapas, El Carrizal. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Oaxaca  fortinensis Spinelli & Huerta, 2015Culicoidesfortinensis Spinelli & Huerta, 2015: 812. Type locality: Mexico, Veracruz, Fort\u00edn de la Flores.Distribution in Mexico. Veracruz  luteovenus Root & Hoffman, 1937Culicoidesluteovenus Root & Hoffman, 1937: 156. Type locality: Mexico, Mexico City, San Jacinto. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City  neopulicaris Wirth, 1955Culicoidesneopulicaris Wirth, 1955: 355. Type locality: United States, Texas, Kerrville. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. San Luis Potos\u00ed, Guerrero  rulfoi Spinelli & Huerta, 2015Culicoidesrulfoi Spinelli & Huerta, 2015: 816. Type locality: Mexico, Michoac\u00e1n, Puerto Garnica.Distribution in Mexico: Michoac\u00e1n . Type species: Culicoidesbaueri Hoffman, by original designation.Culicoides (Diphaomyia) baueri Hoffman, 1925Culicoidesbaueri Hoffman, 1925: 297. Type locality: United States, Maryland, Baltimore. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Puebla  blantoni Vargas & Wirth, 1955Culicoidesblantoni Vargas & Wirth, 1955: 33. Type locality: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Ciudad Mante. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Guerrero, Puebla, San Luis Potos\u00ed, Tamaulipas  haematopotus Malloch, 1915Culicoideshaematopotus Malloch, 1915: 302. Type locality: United States, Illinois. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City , Bluetongue virus  iriartei Fox, 1952Culicoidesiriartei Fox, 1952: 368. Type locality: Venezuela, Zulia, La Salina. Additional references: Culicoidesvargasi Wirth & Blanton, 1953: 74, syn. Type locality: Panama.Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas, Veracruz . Type species: Culicoidescopiosus Root and Hoffman, by original designation.Culicoides (Drymodesmyia) arizonensis Wirth & Hubert, 1960Culicoidesarizonensis Wirth & Hubert, 1960: 655. Type locality: United States, Arizona, Maricopa. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California  bakeri Vargas, 1954Culicoidesbakeri Vargas, 1954: 27. Type locality: Mexico, Mexico City , Chapultepec. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City  butleri Wirth & Hubert, 1960Culicoidesbutleri Wirth & Hubert, 1960: 650. Type locality: United States, Arizona, Baboquivari, Brown Canyon. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Nuevo Le\u00f3n  cacticola Wirth & Hubert, 1960Culicoidescacticola Wirth & Hubert, 1960: 653. Type locality: United States, California, Los Angeles, San Dimas Canyon. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California Sur, Sonora  copiosus Root & Hoffman, 1937Culicoidescopiosus Root & Hoffman, 1937: 171. Type locality: Mexico, Mexico City , San Jacinto. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City  insolatus Wirth & Hubert, 1960Culicoidesinsolatus Wirth & Hubert, 1960: 654. Type locality: Mexico, Baja California, San Felipe. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California  jamaicensis Edwards, 1922Culicoidesjamaicensis Edwards, 1922: 165 (as var.loughnani Edwards). Type locality: Jamaica, Kingston. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas  loughnani Edwards, 1922Culicoidesloughnani Edwards, 1922: 165. Type locality: Jamaica, Kingston. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Yucat\u00e1n  panamensis Barbosa, 1947Culicoidespanamensis Barbosa, 1947: 22. Type locality: Panama, Barro Colorado. Additional references: Culicoidesalambiculorum Macfie, 1948: 81, syn. Type locality: Mexico, Chiapas.Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas  poikilonotus Macfie, 1948Culicoidespoikilonotus Macfie, 1948: 82. Type locality: Mexico, Chiapas, El Vergel. Additional references: Culicoidescacozelus Macfie, 1948: 85, syn. Type locality: Mexico, Chiapas.Culicoideshertigi Wirth & Blanton, 1953: 229, syn. Type locality: Panama.Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas  ryckmani Wirth & Hubert, 1960Culicoidesryckmani Wirth & Hubert, 1960: 656. Type locality: United States, California, Los Angeles, San Dimas Canyon. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California  sitiens Wirth & Hubert, 1960Culicoidessitiens Wirth & Hubert, 1960: 652. Type locality: United States, California, Los Angeles, San Dimas Canyon. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California  torridus Wirth & Hubert, 1960Culicoidestorridus Wirth & Hubert, 1960: 654. Type locality: Mexico, Baja California, San Felipe. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California  wirthomyia Vargas, 1953Culicoideswirthomyia Vargas, 1953: 227. Type locality: Mexico, Guerrero, Iguala. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Guerrero . Type species: Culicoidesscopus Root and Hoffman, by original designation.Culicoides (Glaphiromyia) dampfi Root & Hoffman, 1937Culicoidesdampfi Root & Hoffman, 1937: 169. Type locality: Mexico, Mexico City , San Jacinto. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City  parascopus Wirth & Blanton, 1978Culicoidesparascopus Wirth & Blanton, 1978: 238. Type locality: Mexico, Michoac\u00e1n, Puerto Garnica. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Michoac\u00e1n  scopus Root & Hoffman, 1937Culicoidesscopus Root & Hoffman, 1937: 170. Type locality: Mexico, Mexico City , San Jacinto. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City  debilipalpis Lutz, 1913Culicoidesdebilipalpis Lutz, 1913: 60. Type locality: Brazil, S\u00e3o Paulo, Serra da Bocaina. Additional references: Culicoideskhalafi Beck, 1957: 104, syn. Type locality: United States, Florida.Culicoidesichesi Ronderos & Spinelli, 1995: 77, syn. Type locality: Argentina, Misiones.Distribution in Mexico. Veracruz, Yucat\u00e1n  eadsi Wirth & Blanton, 1971Culicoideseadsi Wirth & Blanton, 1971a: 37. Type locality: United States, Texas, Cameron County. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Nayarit, San Luis Potos\u00ed, Sonora, Yucat\u00e1n  ginesi Ortiz, 1951Culicoidesginesi Ortiz, 1951: 586. Type locality. Venezuela, San Felipe, Yaracuy. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Oaxaca  kettlei Breidenbaugh & Mullens, 1999Culicoideskettlei Breidenbaugh & Mullens, 1999a: 150. Type locality: United States, California, Riverside County. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California  paraensis Culicoidesparaensis : 137 (as Haematomyidiumparaensis). Type locality: Brazil, Par\u00e1. Additional references: Culicoidesundecimpunctatus Kieffer, 1917: 307, syn. Type locality: Argentina, San Pablo.Distribution in Mexico. Quintana Roo, San Luis Potos\u00ed . Type species: Culicoidesinamollae Fox and Hoffman (= Culicoidesinsignis Lutz), by original designation.Culicoides (Hoffmania) diabolicus Hoffman, 1925Culicoidesdiabolicus Hoffman, 1925: 294. Type locality: Panama, Cabima. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas, Veracruz  filariferus Hoffman, 1939Culicoidesfilariferus Hoffman, 1939: 172. Type locality: Mexico, Chiapas, El Vergel. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas  foxi Ortiz, 1950Culicoidesfoxi Ortiz, 1950c: 461. Type locality: Puerto Rico, Campo Tortuguero. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Veracruz  hylas Macfie, 1940Culicoideshylas Macfie, 1940: 26. Type locality: Guyana, New River. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Veracruz  insignis Lutz, 1913Culicoidesinsignis Lutz, 1913: 51. Type locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. Additional references: Culicoidesinamollae Fox & Hoffman, 1944: 110, syn. Type locality: Puerto Rico.Culicoidespainteri Fox, 1946: 257, syn. Type locality: Honduras.Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas  ocumarensis Ortiz, 1950Culicoidesocumarensis Ortiz, 1950b: 455. Type locality: Venezuela, Miranda, Ocumare del Tuy. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Oaxaca, Tabasco  palpalis Macfie, 1948Culicoidespalpalis Macfie, 1948: 78. Type locality: Mexico, Chiapas, San Cristobal. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas  pseudodiabolicus Fox, 1946Culicoidespseudodiabolicus Fox, 1946: 256. Type locality: Trinidad and Tobago, Cumuto Village. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Veracruz  verecundus Macfie, 1948Culicoidesverecundus Macfie, 1948: 76. Type locality: Mexico, Chiapas, El Vergel. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Chiapas . Type species: Ceratopogonphlebotomus Williston, by original designation.Culicoides (Macfiella) phlebotomus Culicoidesphlebotomus : 281 (as Ceratopogon). Type locality: St. Vincent. Additional references: Culicoidesamozonius Macfie, 1935: 52, syn. Type locality: Brazil, Par\u00e1.Distribution in Mexico. Oaxaca  willistoni Wirth & Blanton, 1953Culicoideswillistoni Wirth & Blanton, 1953: 116. Type locality: Panama, Cocl\u00e9, Rio Hato. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Sonora . Type species: Culicoidesmojingaensis Wirth and Blanton, by original designation.Culicoides (Mataemyia) dicrourus Wirth & Blanton, 1955Culicoidesdicrourus Wirth & Blanton, 1955b: 123. Type locality: Panama, Canal Zone, Loma Borracho. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Tabasco . Type species: Ceratopogonnubeculosus Meigen, by original designation.Stigmoculicoides Isaev, 1988: 15 (as subgenus of Culicoides). Type species: Culicoidesstigma (Meigen), by original designation.Culicoides (Monoculicoides) occidentalis Wirth & Jones, 1957Culicoidesoccidentalis Wirth & Jones, 1957: 21 (as subspecies of variipennis). Type locality: United States, California, Lake County. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California, Puebla  (ipennis) , pupa (Sipennis) .Associated pathogens. Unknown.Culicoides (Monoculicoides) sonorensis Wirth & Jones, 1957Culicoidessonorensis Wirth & Jones, 1957: 18 (as subspecies of variipennis). Type locality: United States, Arizona, Cochise County. Additional references: Culicoidesvariipennisalbertensis Wirth & Jones, 1957: 17, syn. Type locality: Canada.Culicoidesvariipennisaustralis Wirth & Jones, 1957: 15, syn. Type locality: United States, Louisiana.Distribution in Mexico. Estado de Mexico, Guerrero, Mexico City, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Puebla, Sonora  (variipennis) (ipennis) , larva (ipennis) , pupa  variipennis Culicoidesvariipennis : 602 (as Ceratopogon). Type locality: United States, Virginia, Richmond. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City  barbosai Wirth & Blanton, 1956Culicoidesbarbosai Wirth &Blanton, 1956a: 161. Type locality: Panama, Canal Zone, Mojinga Swamp. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Quintana Roo  cancer Hogue & Wirth, l968Culicoidescancer Hogue & Wirth, 1968: 2. Type locality: Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Golfo de Nicoya, Boca de Barranca. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Sinaloa  furens Poey, 1853Culicoidesfurens : 236. Type locality: Cuba. Additional references: Ceratopogonmaculithorax : 277, syn. Type locality: St. Vincent.Culicoidesdovei Hall, 1932: 88, syn. Type locality: United States, Georgia.Culicoidesbirabeni Cavalieri, 1966: 59, syn. Type locality: Venezuela.Distribution in Mexico. Veracruz . Type species: Culicoideshieroglyphicus Malloch, by original designation.Culicoides (Selfia) hieroglyphicus Malloch, 1915Culicoideshieroglyphicus Malloch, 1915: 297. Type locality: United States, Arizona, Graham Mountains, Ash Creek. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California, Sonora  multipunctatus Malloch, 1915Culicoidesmultipunctatus Malloch, 1915: 296. Type locality: United States, Illinois, Urbana. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Tamaulipas .Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City .General distribution. Neotropical. Mexico, Honduras, Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Surinam, Brazil , Culicoidesdonajii Vargas, 1954: 28, syn. Type locality: Mexico, Oaxaca.Culicoidespatupalpis Wirth & Blanton, 1959: 421, syn. Type locality: Panama.Distribution in Mexico. Oaxaca (donajii).General distribution. Neotropical. Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Brazil Culicoidesmelleus : 604 (as Ceratopogon). Type locality: United States, Florida, Lake Worth. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Baja California : 164. Type locality: Mexico, Mexico City, San Jacinto. Additional references: Distribution in Mexico. Mexico City  and C. (Monoculicoides) are predominant in the Nearctic Region, while C. (Drimodesmyia) has a significant presence in both the Neotropical and Nearctic Regions.The distribution of C. (Anilomyia), C. (Avaritia), C. (Culicoides) and C. (Diphaomyia) have a predominant distribution in the Neotropical Region. Although C. (Hoffmania) is also common in this Region, the presence of C.insignis has been recorded in the Nearctic and represents an important health risk. In addition, C. (Glaphiromyia) is a subgenus mainly endemic to Mexico, which makes it of special interest from a biogeographical perspective since species of this subgenus have been described in the transition zone of central Mexico.On the other hand, the subgenera Culicoides species have been recorded in only 25. Veracruz and Chiapas had the highest richness of biting midges. The subgenus Drymodesmyia is the best represented in the country with 14 species recorded, followed by the subgenus Hoffmania, represented by nine species. It should be noted that most of the records made in the country are the result of collection events more than half a century old and few records have been made in recent years; in addition, there are species that have not been collected since they were recorded; thus, the occurrence and distribution of several species should be reevaluated.Of Mexico\u2019s 32 states, Culicoides species are largely unknown and represent an important potential area of study. The immature stages of 30% of species present in Mexico are known. The egg stage is known for 5.8% of the species, while both larval and pupal stages for 27%. On the other hand, 15 species (17.4%) have been associated with different pathogens and therefore represent a potential risk as vectors in the country. Of these, eight species were associated with viruses, among which C.sonorensis, C.insignis and C.paraensis stand out for their greatest impact on human and animal health. The presence of these species in the country poses a greater health risk; therefore, it is vital to increase surveillance efforts to prevent possible disease outbreaks, especially in regions of high susceptibility, such as those with high livestock production. In addition, six species were associated with the transmission of nematodes and six species with protozoa, particularly Haemosporida.In general, the immature stages of Culicoides fauna of Mexico. Previously, it was necessary to consult several studies to identify the species present in the country. However, since the current subgeneric classification of Culicoides species could include inconsistencies and is in urgent need of revision, it is likely that these keys should help update the knowledge of the genus in the country.The dichotomous keys presented in this work are the first to specifically focus on the Culicoides in the country is far from being elucidated.Lastly, it is important to note that due to the physiographic, climatic, and topographic characteristics of the country, the great variety of ecosystems with conditions like those of other neotropical countries, as well as the lack of systematic and faunistic studies that address the spatial and temporal changes of the group, it can be inferred that the species richness of"}
+{"text": "PNAS Nexus, Volume 1, Issue 4, September 2022, pgac173, https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac173This is a correction to: Sho Watanabe, Yuri Sudo, Takumi Makino, Satoshi Kimura, Kenji Tomita, Makoto Noguchi, Hidetoshi Sakurai, Makoto Shimizu, Yu Takahashi, Ryuichiro Sato, Yoshio Yamauchi, Skeletal muscle releases extracellular vesicles with distinct protein and microRNA signatures that function in the muscle microenvironment, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the image for Calnexin was duplicated in Figure\u00a04E's right panel (CD81-isolation) from the left panel.The figure has now been corrected in the article."}
+{"text": "JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance, Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2023, dlad030, https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlad030This is a correction to: Hala Kandil, Robert M Gray, Rakan El-Hamad, Madhuri Vidwans, Tejal Vaghela, Omar Naji, Sebastien Van De Velde, Empirical use of temocillin in hospitalized patients: results from a retrospective audit, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the affiliations of authors Rakan El-Hamad and Tejal Vaghela were incorrect.Rakan El-Hamad's affiliation was given as \u2018Microbiology Department, West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Vicarage Road, Watford, Hertfordshire WD18 0HB, UK\u2019 instead of \u2018Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan\u2019.Tejal Vaghela's affiliations were given as \u2018Microbiology Department, West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Vicarage Road, Watford, Hertfordshire WD18 0HB, UK\u2019 and \u2018Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan\u2019, instead of just \u2018Microbiology Department, West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Vicarage Road, Watford, Hertfordshire WD18 0HB, UK\u2019.These errors have been corrected."}
+{"text": "Brain Communications, Volume 5, Issue 2, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcad048This is a correction to: William J Scotton, Cameron Shand, Emily Todd, Martina Bocchetta, David M Cash, Lawren VandeVrede, Hilary Heuer, PROSPECT Consortium, 4RTNI Consortium, Alexandra L Young, Neil Oxtoby, Daniel C Alexander, James B Rowe, Huw R Morris, Adam L Boxer, Jonathan D Rohrer, Peter A Wijeratne, Uncovering spatiotemporal patterns of atrophy in progressive supranuclear palsy using unsupervised machine learning, In the originally published version of this manuscript, there was an error within Figure\u00a02. The significance bar should be across columns marked PSP-RS and PSP-SC, rather than across those marked PSP-C and PSP-SC. Figure\u00a02 should thus read:instead of:The figure has been emended in the article."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Nano-Micro Letters (2022) 14:192https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00925-2In this article Florian Puchtler at affiliation \u2018University of Bayreuth\u2019, Josef Breu at affiliation \u2018University of Bayreuth\u2019, and Ziliang Wu at affiliation \u2018Zhejiang University\u2019 was missing from the author Min Cao, Senping Liu, Qingli Zhu, Ya Wang, Jingyu Ma, Zeshen Li, Dan Chang, Enhui Zhu, Xin Ming, Florian Puchtler, Josef Breu, Ziliang Wu, Yingjun Liu, Yanqiu Jiang, Zhen Xu, Chao Gao list.The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "British Journal of Surgery, Volume 110, Issue 1, January 2023, Pages 92\u201397, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znac371This is an erratum to: Carmel Conefrey, Cynthia Ochieng, Christin Hoffmann, Daisy Elliott, Kerry Avery, Joanne Bennett, Natalie Blencowe, Sarah Duff, James Kinross, Angus McNair, David Messenger, Anne Pullyblank, Baljit Singh, Anni King, Sarah E Squire, Jane Blazeby, Barry Main, Leila Rooshenas, Managing surgical demand when needs outstrip resource: qualitative investigation of colorectal cancer surgery provision in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, In the originally published version, the third and twelfth authors\u2019 names were mis-spelled.These have been corrected online."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because KSA, MAA, FN, and RWB did not agree with the retraction. MSI, MA, AM, SAH, NA, SM, HA, and KS either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Author list, whereby author \u201cAnna-Maria Liphardt\u201d was erroneously listed as the second author. The corrected Author list appears below.In the published article there was an error in the \u201cAlina Saveko, Takuro Washio, Lonnie G. Petersen, Marc-Antoine Custaud and Anna-Maria Liphardt\u201d.In the published article, there was an error in affiliation for Marc-Antoine Custaud. Instead of \u201cUniversity Angers, CRC, CHU Angers, Inser, CNRS, MITOVASC, SFR CAT, Angers, France\u201d, it should be \u201cCRC, CHU Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, University of Angers, Angers, France\u201d.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "We show the ability of LACTB to function as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer through down-regulation of Slug and induction of differentiation. PMID: 36375842.Article: Cutano V, Ferreira Mendes JM, Escudeiro-Lopes S, Machado S, Vinaixa Forner J, Gonzales-Morena JM, Prevorovsky M, Zemlianski V, Feng Y, Kralova Viziova P, Hartmanova A, Malcekova B, Jakoube P, Iyer S, Keckesova Z (2022 Nov 14) LACTB exerts tumor suppressor properties in epithelial ovarian cancer through regulation of Slug. Life Science Alliance 6(1): e202201510. doi: Correction"}
+{"text": "Plant Physiology, Volume 192, Issue 1, May 2023, Pages 119\u2013132, https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad097This is a correction to: Yingxuan Ma, Thomas Shafee, Asha M Mudiyanselage, Julian Ratcliffe, Colleen P MacMillan, Shawn D Mansfield, Antony Bacic, Kim L Johnson, Distinct functions of FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINS relate to domain structure, In the originally published version of this manuscript, there was a typographical error in the title, whereby \u2018FASCICLIN-LIKE\u2019 was given as \u2018FASCILIN-LIKE\u2019.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Surgical Endoscopy (2022) 37:977-988 10.1007/s00464-022-09547-6The original online version of this article was revised to correct the affiliations of author Antonino Spinelli. The correct affiliations are Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "In the published article, the surname of the fourth author was incorrectly written in the article's citation as \u201cMumbua Nzioka B\u201d and copyright statement as \u201cMumbua Nzioka\u201d. It should read \u201cNzioka BM\u201d and \u201cNzioka\u201d, respectively.The author's name was also incorrectly abbreviated in the Author contributions statement as BN, while it should read BMN. This sentence previously stated:\u201cAA, CS, and EN-M: conceptualization and methodology. SO, BN, RO, AA, CS, and EN-M: investigation. RO, PM, and SO: data management. SO, PM, and AA: formal analysis. SO, BN, AA, CS, and EN-M: project administration and supervision. SO and PM: writing-original draft preparation. SO, PM, BN, RO, CS, EN-M, and AA: writing-review and editing. All authors read, provided feedback, approved, and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.\u201dThe correct statement appears below:\u201cAA, CS, and EN-M: conceptualization and methodology. SO, BMN, RO, AA, CS, and EN-M: investigation. RO, PM, and SO: data management. SO, PM, and AA: formal analysis. SO, BMN, AA, CS, and EN-M: project administration and supervision. SO and PM: writing-original draft preparation. SO, PM, BMN, RO, CS, EN-M, and AA: writing-review and editing. All authors read, provided feedback, approved, and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.\u201dIn the published article, there was an error. The authors stated that PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were significantly positively correlated with resilience and work engagement instead of negatively correlated in the results section of the abstract.Results, Lines 97\u201399. This sentence previously stated:A correction has been made to Abstract, \u201cThe PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were also significantly positively correlated with resilience and work engagement, supporting divergent validity.\u201dThe corrected sentence appears below:\u201cThe PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were significantly negatively correlated with resilience and work engagement, supporting divergent validity.\u201dThe authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MI, KHB, IH, TH, SHA-H, and SS did not agree with the retraction. HK, MA, MMaqbool, WM, ST, RB, and MMuzamil either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "In the published article, there was an error regarding the Conflict of Interest for Patrick D. Mahar, Christopher Schuster, Imre Pavo, and Isabella Yali Wang. The Conflict of Interest statement should be:AE has honoraria as consultant and/or speaker from AbbVie, Almirall, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Leo Pharma, Samsung Bioepis Co., Ltd., Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Galderma, and Janssen Pharmaceuticals. LP has received honoraria/consultation fees from Abbvie, Almirall, Amgen, Baxalta, Boehringer Inglheim, Celgene, Gebro, Janssen, Leo-Pharma, Lilly, Merck-Serono, MSD, Mylan, Norvartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sandoz, Samsung-Bioepis, Sanofi and UCB. LP has participated in company sponsored speaker's bureau for Celgene, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Norvartis and Pfizer. KS is a consultant, investigator, speaker and has received grants from: AbbVie, Amgen, Almirall, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Chugai, Galderma, Janssen-Cilag, Leo-Pharma, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Morphosys, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, UCB Pharma. JM is a consultant and/or investigator for Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Abbvie, Dermavant, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, Sanofi-Regeneron, Sun Pharma, Biogen, Pfizer and Leo Pharma. CG has received honoraria or research grants from AbbVie, Almirall, Anaptysbio Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, GSK, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Pfizer, Novartis ONO Pharmaceuticals, UCB Pharma and Walgreens Boots Alliance, and is supported in part by the Manchester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre. PM has served as a consultant, investigator, speaker and/or advisor for Novartis, AstraZeneca, Abbvie, Pfizer, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company and Boehringer Ingelheim. PM, CS, IP, and IW are employees of Eli Lilly and Company. PM owns equity in Eli Lilly and Company. CS, IP, and IW are minor shareholders of Eli Lilly and Company.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Values in bold means the summarized values.\u2019The correct footnote appears below. The publisher apologizes for this mistake.aSince/at diagnosis of PTLD, respectively. bWhere applicable .\u2018 Abbreviations: 7\u00a0+\u00a03=cytarabine and daunorubicin. (s)AML=(secondary) acute myeloid leukemia. assoc.=associated. sAA=severe aplastic anemia. CAD=cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone. cALL=common acute lymphoblastic leukemia. cHL=classic Hodgkin lymphoma. CKD=chronic kidney disease. CNL=Chronic neutrophilic leukemia. DLBCL=diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. GMALL07/2003=study protocol containing daunorubicin and doxorubicin. HCC=Hepatocellular carcinoma. IDA-FLAG=idarubicin, fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF. Mito-FLAG=mitoxantrone, fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF. monom.=monomorphic. PBL=Plasmablastic lymphoma. PCL=plasma cell leukemia. PD=Progressive disease. Pola=Polatuzumab-Vedotin. PSC=Primary sclerosing cholangitis. T-LBL=T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. T1D=Type 1 diabetes. TAD=thalidomide, doxorubicin, Dexa. T-ALL=T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia.\u2019The original version of this article has been updated.aSince/at diagnosis of PTLD, respectively. bWhere applicable .Additionally, due to a production error, there was a mistake in the footnote for Table\u00a02 as published. The abbreviations were written as \u2018 AVD, adriamycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine; Benda, Bendamustine; BV, brentuximab-vedotin; CAD, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone; CHOP, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone; DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; DLI, Donor lymphocyte infusion; GMALL07/2003, study protocol containing daunorubicin and doxorubicin; GMALL-B-NHL 2002, protocol containing R, Dexa, vincristine, MTX, ifosfamide, cytarabine, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin; HCC, Hepatocellular carcinoma; IDA-FLAG, idarubicin, fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF; IS, immunosuppression; Mito-FLAG, mitoxantrone, fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF; monom;, monomorphic; MTX, Methotrexate; PD, Progressive disease; Pola, Polatuzumab-Vedotin; PSC, Primary sclerosing cholangitis; R, Rituximab; RIS, Reduction of immunosuppression; RTx, Radiotherapy; thalidomide, doxorubicin, Dexa; VST, Virusspecific T cells. Values in bold means the summarized values.\u2019The correct footnote appears below. The publisher apologizes for this mistake.\u2018aSince/at diagnosis of PTLD, respectively. bWhere applicable .AVD, adriamycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine; Benda, Bendamustine; BV, brentuximab-vedotin; CHOP, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone; DLI, Donor lymphocyte infusion; GMALL-B-NHL 2002, protocol containing R, Dexa, vincristine, MTX, ifosfamide, cytarabine, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin; IS, immunosuppression; Mito-FLAG, mitoxantrone, fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF; monom, monomorphic; MTX, Methotrexate; PD, Progressive disease; Pola, Polatuzumab-Vedotin; R, Rituximab; RIS, Reduction of immunosuppression; RTx, Radiotherapy; VST, Virus-specific T cells.\u2019Due to a production error, there was a mistake in"}
+{"text": "The safety and efficacy of balloon-expandable versus self-expanding trans-catheter aortic valve replacement in high-risk patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis By Senguttuvan NB, Bhatt H, Balakrishnan VK, et al. (2023) Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 10:1130354. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1130354A Corrigendum on Error in Author ListIn the published article, there was an error in the author list. The previously-named author Gilbert H. L. Tang needs to be removed. The corrected author list appears below.1,2, Hemal Bhatt2,3, Vinod Kumar Balakrishnan1, Parasuram Krishnamoorthy3, Sunny Goel3, Pothireddy M K Reddy1, Vinodhini Subramanian1, Bimmer E Claessen2,4, Ashish Kumar5, Monil Majmundar6, Richard Ro2, Stamatios Lerakis2, Ramamoorthi Jayaraj7, Ankur Kalra5,8, Marcus Flather9, George Dangas2Nagendra Boopathy SenguttuvanThe authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.Text CorrectionIn the published article, there was an error. The Author Contribution section stated that Gilbert H. L. Tang's (GT) made a contribution to the article.A correction has been made to the Author contribution section. This section previously stated:\u201cNS: planning, execution, data extraction, statistics, reporting, writing the first manuscript, review and editing. HB: planning, execution, data extraction, statistics. VB, PK, SG, RR, SL, AKu, MM, RJ, Aka, MF, GD, and VS: review and editing. PR: data extraction, review and editing. BC: planning, execution, review and editing. GT: senior author, guarantor.\u201dThe corrected section appears below.\u201cNS: planning, execution, data extraction, statistics, reporting, writing the first manuscript, review and editing. HB: planning, execution, data extraction, statistics. VB, PK, SG, RR, SL, AKu, MM, RJ, Aka, MF, GD, and VS: review and editing. PR: data extraction, review and editing. BC: planning, execution, review and editing.\u201dThe authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Public Health (2023) 23:108210.1186/s12889-023-16023-wThe original publication of this article contained an incorrect author contribution section.The incorrect and correct information is listed in this correction article, the original article has been updated.IncorrectCheah WL, Poh BK, Ruzita AT, Koh D, Reeves S, Essau C, Summerbell C, Gibson EL developed the concept and study design. Cheah WL, Noor Hafzah Y, Anchang GNJ, Gibson EL provided the administrative support. Cheah WL, Noor Hafzah Y and Achang GNJ analyzed and interpreted the data. All authors contributed to the writing of the manuscript and approved.Correct(i) Conception and design: Cheah WL, Poh BK, Ruzita AT, Lee JAC, Koh D, Reeves S, Essau C, Summerbell C, Gibson EL; (ii) Administrative support: Cheah WL, Noor Hafizah Y, Anchang GNJ, Gibson EL; (iii) Data analysis and interpretation: Cheah WL, Noor Hafizah Y, Anchang FNJ; Manuscript writing: All authors; (vi) Final approval of manuscripts: all authors."}
+{"text": "QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, Volume 116, Issue 6, June 2023, Pages 429\u2013435, https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcad050This is a correction to: G M Massen and others, on behalf of the DEMISTIFI Consortium, Classifying the unclassifiable\u2014a Delphi study to reach consensus on the fibrotic nature of diseases, Acknowledgements section was omitted. The text there should read: \u201cWe are grateful to everyone who took part in survey development as well as responding to the survey, including Ralf Weiskirchen, Nazia Chaudhuri, Gavin Murphy, Gabriela C Tabaj, Claude Jourdan le Saux, Robert Scott, Diego Moriconi, Peter Boor, Bibek Gooptu, Timothy Kendall, Christopher Fry, Elisabeth Bendstrup, Dean Sheppard, Jesper R\u00f8mhild Davidsen, Scott Friedman, Kerri Johannson, John Greenland, Christine Fiddler, Eduardo Martin-Nares, Ole Hilberg, Alastair Moss, Guruprasad Aithal, Jonathan A Fallowfield, Joseph Jacob, Alberto Ortiz, Hilary Longhurst, Liz Lightstone, Vincent Cottin, Ivette Buendia-Roldan, Helen Parfrey, Giulio Marchesini.\u201dIn the originally published version of this manuscript, the This has been emended in the article."}
+{"text": "In Ghafoor, Ali, and Goldust.,Syeda Mahanum Ali, MCPS"}
+{"text": "Innovation in Aging, Volume 7, Issue 3, 2023, igad017, https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad017This is a correction to: Nathan Louras, MD, Meghan Reading Turchioe, PhD, MPH, RN, Leah Shafran Topaz, MSc, BPT, Michelle R. Demetres, MLIS, Melani Ellison, BS, Jamie Abudu-Solo, BS, Erik Blutinger, MD, MSc, Kevin G Munjal, MD, MPH, Brock Daniels, MD, MPH, Ruth M Masterson Creber, PhD, MSc, RN, Mobile Integrated Health Interventions for Older Adults: A Systematic Review, In the article, \u201cMobile Integrated Health Interventions for Older Adults: A Systematic Review,\u201d the following author was omitted from the author list in error: Michelle R. Demetres, MLIS. This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because SUR, AI, and ZA did not agree with the retraction. GQ, MHNT, SF, FA, MSajjad, MShees, MU, and ZG either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "In: Geldsetzer P, Tan MM, Dewi FST, Quyen BTT, Juvekar S, Hanifi SMA, et al. Hypertension care in demographic surveillance sites: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Viet Nam. Bull World Health Organ. 2022 Oct 1;100(10):601\u2013609, On page 601, the affiliation of Sayed MA Hanifi should be: Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh."}
+{"text": "LIPIGEN Paediatric Group was erroneously excluded. The corrected author list appears below.In the published article, there was an error in the author list, and 1, Manuela Casula2,3, Stefano Bertolini4, Maria Elena Capra5, Elena Olmastroni3, Alberico Luigi Catapano2,3, Cristina Pederiva6 and the LIPIGEN Paediatric Group\u201cMarta Gazzotti1SISA Foundation, Milan, Italy2IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni (Milan), Italy3Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Epidemiology and Preventive Pharmacology Service (SEFAP), University of Milan, Milan, Italy4Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy5Centre for Paediatric Dyslipidaemias, Paediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy6Clinical Service for Dyslipidaemias, Study and Prevention of Atherosclerosis in Childhood, Paediatrics Unit, ASST-Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy\u201dMassimiliano Allevi, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University \u201cPolitecnica delle Marche\u201d and IRCCS-INRCA, Ancona, Italy; Marcello Arca, Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e di Precisione, Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma\u2014A. U. O Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy; Renata Auricchio, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, AOU Policlinico Federico II, Naples, Italy; Maurizio Averna, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Davide Baldera, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Cagliari and Centro per le Malattie Dismetaboliche e l\u2019Arteriosclerosi, Associazione ME.DI.CO. Onlus Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Giuseppe Banderali, U.O. Clinica Pediatrica, Servizio Clinico Dislipidemie per lo Studio e la Prevenzione dell\u2019Aterosclerosi in et\u00e0 Pediatrica, ASST-Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy; Andrea Bartuli, UOC Malattie Rare e Genetica Medica, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Ges\u00f9, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Stefano Bertolini, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Giacomo Biasucci, Centro Dislipidemie in Et\u00e0 Evolutiva, U.O. Pediatria e Neonatologia, Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy; Claudio Borghi, U.O. di Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Centro Aterosclerosi, Ambulatorio Dislipidemie, IRCCS S. Orsola Ospedale Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Patrizia Bruzzi, U.O.C. Pediatria, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy; Raffaele Buganza, Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences, Turin University, Turin, Italy; Paola Sabrina Buonuomo, UOC Malattie Rare e Genetica Medica, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Ges\u00f9, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Paolo Calabr\u00f2, U.O.C. Cardiologia Clinica a Direzione Universitaria e U.T.I.C., A.O.R.N. \u201cSant'Anna e San Sebastiano\u201d, Caserta, Italy and Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \"Luigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Naples, Italy; Sebastiano Calandra, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Maria Elena Capra, Centro Dislipidemie in Et\u00e0 Evolutiva, U.O. Pediatria e Neonatologia, Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy; Francesca Carubbi, U.O. Medicina interna metabolica, Centro dislipidemie e malattie metaboliche rare, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, AOU di Modena, Modena, Italy; Manuela Casula, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, and IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni (Milan), Italy; Alberico Luigi Catapano, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, and IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni (Milan), Italy; Arturo Cesaro, U.O.C. Cardiologia Clinica a Direzione Universitaria e U.T.I.C., A.O.R.N. \u201cSant'Anna e San Sebastiano\u201d, Caserta, Italy and Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Naples, Italy; Francesco Cipollone, Clinica Medica, Centro di riferimento regionale per le Dislipidemie, Ospedale Policlinico S.S. Annunziata, Chieti, Italy; Nadia Citroni, Centro Dislipidemie e Aterosclerosi, UOC Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Trento, Trento, Italy; Giuseppe Covetti, U.O. Medicina Interna 2, Centro per le malattie da arteriosclerosi, AORN Cardarelli, Naples, Italy; Annalaura Cremonini, IRCCS Ospedale policlinico San Martino UOSD Dietetica e Nutrizione Clinica and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Genova, Italy; Sergio D\u2019Addato, U.O. di Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Centro Aterosclerosi, Ambulatorio Dislipidemie, IRCCS S. Orsola Ospedale Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy; Maria Del Ben, Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche, Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari - Sapienza Universit\u00e0, A.O. Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy; Maria Donata Di Taranto, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Napoli Federico II and CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., Naples, Italy; Giuliana Fortunato, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Napoli Federico II and CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., Naples, Italy; Roberto Franceschi, UOC Pediatria, Ospedale di Trento, Trento, Italy; Federica Galimberti, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni (Milan), Italy; Marta Gazzotti, Fondazione SISA , Milan, Italy; Simonetta Genovesi, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universit\u00e0 di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Antonina Giammanco, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Liliana Grigore, Centro per lo Studio dell'Aterosclerosi, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni (Milan), Italy and Centro per lo Studio dell\u2019Aterosclerosi, Ospedale E. Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy; Ornella Guardamagna, Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences, Turin University, Turin, Italy; Arcangelo Iannuzzi, U.O. Medicina Interna 2, Centro per le malattie da arteriosclerosi, AORN Cardarelli, Naples, Italy; Gabriella Iannuzzo, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Coordinamento regionale per le Iperlipidemie, AOU Policlinico Federico II, Naples, Italy; Lidia Lascala, AOU Mater Domini, Catanzaro; Fabiana Locatelli, Ambulatorio ipertensione dislipidemie rischio cardiovascolare, ASST Valle Olona, Ospedale di Gallarate, Gallarate, Italy, Ospedale di Busto Arsizio, Busto Arsizio, Italy; Lorenzo Iughetti, U.O.C. Pediatria, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy; Sara Madaghiele, U.O. di Medicina Interna e Geriatria \u201cC. Frugoni\u201d and Centro di Assistenza e Ricerca Malattie Rare, A.O. Universitaria Policlinico Consorziale, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, Bari, Italy; Giuseppe Mandraffino, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine\u2014Lipid Center\u2014University Hospital G. Martino, Messina, Italy; Massimo Raffaele Mannarino, Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases. Department of Medicine and Surgery. University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Bucci Marco, Clinica Medica, Centro di riferimento regionale per le Dislipidemie, Ospedale Policlinico S.S. Annunziata, Chieti, Italy; Lorenzo Maroni, Ambulatorio ipertensione dislipidemie rischio cardiovascolare, ASST Valle Olona, Ospedale di Gallarate, Gallarate, Italy, Ospedale di Busto Arsizio, Busto Arsizio, Italy; Ilenia Minicocci, Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e di Precisione, Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma\u2014A. U. O Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy; Giuliana Mombelli, Centro Dislipidemie ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy; Sandro Muntoni, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Cagliari and Centro per le Malattie Dismetaboliche e l\u2019Arteriosclerosi, Associazione ME.DI.CO. Onlus Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Fabio Nascimbeni, U.O. Medicina interna metabolica, Centro dislipidemie e malattie metaboliche rare, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, AOU di Modena, Modena, Italy; Elena Olmastroni, Servizio di Epidemiologia e Farmacologia Preventiva (SEFAP), Dipartimento di Science Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Gianfranco Parati, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano and Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universit\u00e0 di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Angelina Passaro, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy and Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy; Chiara Pavanello, Centro Dislipidemie ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy and Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Cristina Pederiva, U.O. Clinica Pediatrica, Servizio Clinico Dislipidemie per lo Studio e la Prevenzione dell\u2019Aterosclerosi in et\u00e0 Pediatrica, ASST-Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy; Fabio Pellegatta, Centro per lo Studio dell'Aterosclerosi, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni (Milan), Italy and Centro per lo Studio dell\u2019Aterosclerosi, Ospedale E. Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy; Francesco Massimo Perla, Dipartimento Materno Infantile e Scienze Urologiche\u2014Sapienza Universit\u00e0, A.O. Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy; Medicina Generale, Ospedale di Trecenta, Trecenta, Rovigo, Italy; Matteo Pirro, Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases. Department of Medicine and Surgery. University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Livia Pisciotta, IRCCS Ospedale policlinico San Martino UOSD Dietetica e Nutrizione Clinica and Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Genova, Italy; Arturo Pujia, A.O.U. Mater Domini, Catanzaro, UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Ambulatorio Dislipidemie, Catanzaro, Italy; Francesco Purrello, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Ospedale Garibaldi, Catania, Italy; Elisabetta Rinaldi, U.O. Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Malattie del Metabolismo, Centro regionale specializzato per la diagnosi e terapia delle dislipidemie e aferesi terapeutica and A.O. Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy; Riccardo Sarzani, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University \u201cPolitecnica delle Marche\u201d and IRCCS-INRCA, Ancona, Italy; Roberto Scicali, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Ospedale Garibaldi, Catania, Italy; Patrizia Suppressa, U.O. di Medicina Interna e Geriatria \u201cC. Frugoni\u201d and Centro di Assistenza e Ricerca Malattie Rare, A.O. Universitaria Policlinico Consorziale, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, Bari, Italy; Patrizia Tarugi, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Sabrina Verachtert, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine\u2014Lipid Center\u2014University Hospital G. Martino, Messina, Italy; Giovanni Battista Vigna, Medicina Generale, Ospedale di Trecenta, Trecenta, Rovigo, Italy; Jos\u00e8 Pablo Werba, U.O. Ambulatorio Prevenzione Aterosclerosi, IRCCS Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Milan, Italy; Alberto Zambon, Dipartimento di Medicina, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padua, Italy; Sabina Zambon, Dipartimento di Medicina, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Padua, Italy; Maria Grazia Zenti, Servizio di Diabetologia e Malattie Metaboliche, Ospedale P. Pederzoli, Peschiera del Garda, Verona, Italy.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Viviana A. Cavieres and Gonzalo A. Mardones were not included as authors in the original publication . Due to Fernando M. Ruggiero: conceptualization, methodology, data curation, formal analysis, writing\u2014original draft, writing\u2014review and editing, supervision, project administration, and investigation. Natalia Mart\u00ednez-Koteski: methodology, data curation, formal analysis, writing\u2014review and editing, and investigation. Viviana A. Cavieres: methodology and validation. Gonzalo A. Mardones: conceptualization, funding acquisition, project administration, resources, and supervision. Gerardo D. Fidelio: resources, writing\u2014review and editing, and project administration. Aldo A. Vilcaes: conceptualization, methodology, resources, data curation, formal analysis, writing\u2014review and editing, supervision, project administration, and investigation. Jose L. Daniotti: conceptualization, resources, supervision, and funding acquisition."}
+{"text": "Many surgeons routinely place intraperitoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery. However, enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice.COMPASS  was a prospective, international, cohort study which enrolled consecutive adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery (February to March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien\u2013Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement.P = 0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P = 0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications , drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge  and an increased risk of SSIs .Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included . The drain insertion rate was 51.9 per cent (937 patients). After matching, drains were not associated with reduced rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 2.23; Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk. Despite current guidelines, intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery remains widespread. Drains were not associated with earlier detection of intraperitoneal collections, but were associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased risk of surgical-site infections. However, recent evidence suggests that drains can stimulate serous fluid production, and may lead to an increased risk of surgical-site infection (SSI) and adhesions, which in turn can result in poorer postoperative pain control and mobility4. Furthermore, drains may have an impact on patient well-being owing to increased discomfort and postoperative anxiety5.Peritoneal drains are placed after elective colorectal surgery in the historical belief that they can provide diagnostic and therapeutic benefit through prevention and early detection of anastomotic leak or other intraperitoneal collections6\u20139. Based on these findings, current enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guidelines strongly recommend against the routine use of peritoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery10. Despite these recommendations, the use of prophylactic drains remains widespread, with data from the 2018 EuroSurg Collaborative IMAGINE  study showing that 35 per cent of participating centres routinely used intraperitoneal drains for the majority of elective colorectal procedures11.Recent evidence has shown no effect on measured clinical outcomes associated with drain placement after elective colorectal surgeryThe COMPASS  study aimed to describe international variation in practice regarding intraperitoneal drain placement in elective colorectal surgery, and the associated effects on postoperative outcomes.Appendix S1)12. This analysis was performed according to STROBE reporting guidelines for observational studies13.COMPASS was a prospective, international, multicentre, cohort study describing international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement after colorectal surgery and the safety of this practice. The protocol was developed by an international study management group, with input from patient representatives , and the later ones cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic15. To determine the accuracy and completeness of data, an independent validation exercise was preplanned. Data accuracy was determined by assessing the accuracy of 10 planned data points ; case ascertainment was determined by assessing the accuracy of participant eligibility.COMPASS was delivered by a student- and trainee-led collaborative group using a collaborative model12.Consecutive adults (aged at least 18 years) undergoing elective colorectal surgery for any indication  were eligible. However, this excluded: operations without colorectal resection, or appendicectomies without more extensive colorectal resection; operations that were not primarily colorectal procedures ; and operations without an abdominal incision . The full list of included procedures can be found in the study protocol16. Any patients diagnosed with postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection were still included.In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, retrospective validation of the SARS-CoV-2 infection status of patients was conducted by a collaborator independent of the original data collection team at each site. All patients noted to have been diagnosed with a preoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (within 7 days) were also excluded based on a positive laboratory test or chest CT, or clinical diagnosis (no laboratory test or CT chest performed)17; rate of 30-day drain-specific complications including SSI (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition18), cutaneous irritation at the drain site , small bowel evisceration and herniation of omentum , and bowel injury (defined by intraoperative identification or CT-proven drain-related iatrogenic bowel perforation); overall 30-day adverse event rates defined by the highest Clavien\u2013Dindo grade19; and duration of postoperative hospital stay.The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis (measured in whole days) of intraperitoneal postoperative collections, defined as collections that altered the normal postoperative course 20, excessive intraoperative blood loss or fluid collections , poor vascularization of the anastomosis, or a positive air leak test; or prophylactic, with the reason for insertion recorded as \u2018surgeon preference\u2019, \u2018prophylaxis for anastomosis\u2019, or no reason identified.The main explanatory variable of interest was intraperitoneal drain insertion. Inserted drains were classified as either: indicated, because of a record of contaminated or dirty surgery2)\u2013normal (18.5\u201324.9\u2005kg/m2), overweight (25.0\u201330.0\u2005kg/m2) or obese (more than 30.0\u2005kg/m2)); ASA classification (grade I\u2013V); cardiovascular and metabolic diseases ; previous abdominal surgery; immunosuppression status ; anticoagulation therapy (defined as the use of any known antiplatelet or antithrombotic agent); operative approach  and indication ; transfusion of red cells; operative contamination ; and intraoperative complications (vascular or organ injury).Additional variables were collected to risk-adjust outcomes for the following potential confounding factors: age; sex (M or F); smoking status ; BMI . Categorical variables were cross-tabulated and compared using \u03c7Mixed-effects multivariable regression was performed to derive risk-adjusted drain insertion rates, and to determine whether drain placement (prophylactic or with indication) was associated independently with the occurrence or timing of postoperative complications. Logistic regression was used for binary outcomes  and Cox proportional hazards regression was used for time-to-event data . For all models, clinically plausible preoperative and perioperative factors associated with drain insertion and clinical outcomes were incorporated into the modelling approach as fixed effects, and hospital was used as a random effect. Patients who had incomplete data for explanatory variables were excluded from the analysis. First-order interactions were checked and included in the model if found to be influential, with final model selection performed through minimization of the Akaike information criterion.21. The balance in the preoperative and perioperative factors between groups was assessed before and after using the absolute standardized mean difference, and a value below 0.2 was considered to indicate that a variable was well balanced between groups. Subsequent doubly robust estimation22 was performed through risk adjustment using multivariable regression models, based on the same variables as used to generate the propensity score.To investigate the association between drain placement (for any indication) and clinical outcomes, propensity score matching was used to minimize selection bias in terms of who did or did not receive intraperitoneal drains. The propensity score was defined as the probability that a patient would receive a drain based on the same model as used to determine risk-adjusted drain insertion rates. Unlike nearest-neighbour propensity score matching approaches, which can lead to inappropriate discarding of patient data, full matching was used to allow multiple patients from each group to be matched together (if appropriate) and weighted to achieve balancea priori as P < 0.050. All analyses were undertaken using R version 3.4.4  with the tidyverse, finalfit, and finalpsm packages.All effect estimates are presented as odds ratios (ORs) for binary outcome data and hazard ratios (HRs) for time-to-event data, with 95 per cent confidence intervals. The threshold for statistical significance was set Fig. 1 and Table 1). The most common underlying indication for surgery was malignancy (69.1 per cent), and colonic resections comprised 49.4 per cent of the cohort; rectal resections accounted for 29.8 per cent and stoma formation/closure for 20.7 per cent (Table 2). A full breakdown of operative procedures and indications is provided in Tables S1 and S2. Overall, 937 patients (51.9 per cent) received a drain, of whom 635 (67.8 per cent) had a prophylactic drain and 302 (32.2 per cent) a drain with a defined indication. The reasons indicated for drain placement were (inserted drains could have more than 1 indication): excessive intraoperative fluid collection ; contaminated or dirty surgery ; excessive intraoperative blood loss ; poor vascularization of the anastomosis ; and a positive air leak test . Data validation was performed using information on 1470 patients (81.4 per cent of the cohort), with 95.1 per cent data accuracy and 98.3 per cent case ascertainment. Propensity score matching produced balanced, well matched treatment groups (Table S3).Of 2673 eligible patients from 22 countries, 1805 undergoing elective colorectal surgery were included in the analysis  (Table 1). Some differences in baseline co-morbidities were noted; patients receiving a drain with a defined indication had higher ASA grades and were more frequently immunocompromised. A primary anastomosis was created in 71.0 per cent of the cohort, with comparable rates across drain groups (Table 2). Patients with drains more frequently had a rectal resection, malignant pathology, an open surgical approach, contaminated or dirty operations, and more frequently had intraoperative complications.Patients who did not receive a drain and those who received either a prophylactic or indicated drain were comparable in terms of age, sex, smoking status, BMI, diabetes mellitus, and history of previous abdominal procedures . This substantial variation in practice could not be explained based on case mix following adjustment using a mixed-effects logistic regression model (median 62.0 (27.2\u201386.4) per cent) .Among all 937 intraperitoneal drains placed at 188 centres over the study interval, the median rate of drain placement was 67.0 (i.q.r. 37.2\u2013100) per cent , and this persisted on Cox proportional hazard regression, which demonstrated a lower hazard of discharge for those with prophylactic drains  . This association was even more pronounced following propensity score matching as patients with a drain were almost half as likely to be discharged on a given day than those without  (Table S5).On univariable analysis, the overall 30-day mortality and postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rates were comparable between groups. However, those who received drains had a longer postoperative hospital stay , major postoperative complications , and intraperitoneal collections  among patients who received drains. However, there was no difference in time to diagnosis of collections  . After adjustment using mixed-effects models, none demonstrated significant differences between those who did or did not receive a drain for either prophylactic or indicated reasons . After confounding by indication had been accounted for in the propensity score-matched model, drain insertion was associated with 2.5-fold higher odds of SSI  (Table S10). No differences were shown for major postoperative complications, postoperative intraperitoneal collections, or time to diagnosis of collections (Tables S11\u2013S13).Before risk adjustment, there was a higher rate of SSI . Similarly, there was no difference in the time to diagnosis of intraperitoneal collections. Previous studies25 reached similar conclusions, and showed that drains did not decrease anastomotic leakage, morbidity, reoperation rates, and mortality after elective colorectal surgery. Therefore, COMPASS strengthens the evidence for lack of clinical benefit from routine drain placement after elective colorectal surgery.Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery has historically been thought to prevent and improve detection of intraperitoneal complications3. Although the occurrence of SSI in those who receive intraperitoneal drains is often heavily confounded by indication, following propensity score matching, drain insertion was associated with a 2.5-fold increased risk of SSI. In the literature, there is mixed evidence, with older studies27 suggesting no difference in SSI rates with use of drains, but more recent evidence29 pointing to an associated increase. Furthermore, particularly with the advent of ERAS guidance10, it has been recognized that the presence of drains is associated with increased pain and reduced mobility, potentially leading to increased respiratory complications30. In the present cohort, patients receiving drains had a longer hospital stay. This outcome is rarely reported in the literature; older evidence31 suggested that drain placement has no significant effect on duration of hospital stay, but more recent data32 suggest it can be associated with delayed hospital discharge. Although not directly assessed in this study, the use of drains could suggest overall low compliance with an ERAS protocol. Therefore, it is unclear whether the association between drain placement and longer hospital stay in this study was directly related to drain placement alone, or confounded by decreased compliance with other non-drain-related ERAS recommendations. High-quality randomized data in an ERAS context may provide definite answers to this question.The potential for harm from intraperitoneal drain insertion cannot be disregarded given that this remains an invasive procedure. There is evidence to suggest that drains may disrupt wound healing and even promote infection16. The impact on the present results was minimized by undertaking a validation of the included data, with assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection rates. There were minimal recorded postoperative cases with no difference across the drain groups (Table 3).This study represents a large prospective, international data set on the topic of intraperitoneal drain insertion in elective colorectal surgery. It provides insight into the outcomes associated with both prophylactic and indication drain insertion, and provides robust adjustment for confounding by indication through propensity score matching. However, there are also several important limitations to this work. This was an observational study, with drain placement being at the discretion of the surgeon. Therefore, although selection bias regarding who received drains was accounted for, this was limited to the variables measured and so there is a persistent risk that unobserved factors may still be confounding the results. Data on decision to insert a drain were collected predominantly from clinical notes according to documentation by the surgical team. Different surgeons may have different thresholds as regards indications for drain insertion, other indications not specified in COMPASS, and also may not routinely document the specific indication in hospital records. To mitigate potential heterogeneity and disclosure bias in indication, the propensity score-matched cohort was analysed as naive to the recorded indication. Finally, it must be recognized that COMPASS overlapped with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. This not only limited the intended period of data collection, but also potentially introduced an unanticipated confounding factor for postoperative morbidity and mortality24, this large multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study has found that intraperitoneal drain insertion continues to remain common practice internationally in elective colorectal surgery. In the absence of clear evidence of clinical benefit, yet evidence of potential harm to patients, surgeons should ensure that any drain placed is specifically indicated . 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Theodoropoulos C, Kimpizi A, Theodorou D, Triantafyllou T, Palyvou T, Charalabopoulos A, Syllaios A, Schizas D, Liatsou E, Baili E, Vagios I, Tomara N, Davakis S, Balalis D, Palumbo A, Castaldi A, Foroni F, Picciariello A, Altomare DF, Dibra R, Papagni V, Urbani A, Rossin E, Nezi G, Romano P, Amendola A, Esposito E, Manigrasso M, Anoldo P, Vertaldi S, Gecchele G, Turri G, Sabrina ZS, Guerci C, Cammarata F, Lamperti GMB, Zaffaroni G, Benuzzi L, Ferrario L, Cigognini M, Mazzeo C, Badessi G, Pintabona G, Fassari A, Mingoli A, Cirillo B, D\u2019Alterio C, Brachini G, Tancredi M, Zambon M, Aulicino M, Sapienza P, Lapolla P, Liberatore P, Bini S, Scanu AM, Feo CF, Perra T, Iacomino A, Massani M, Pelizzo P, Tutino R, Rossi S, Vigna SA, Grossi U, Grillo V, Agnes A, Schena CA, Belia F, Marincola G, Oddi A, Perotti B, Coletta D, Mario V, Perri P, Zazza S, Aversano A, Scala D, Di Lauro K, Leongito M, Piccirillo M, Patrone R, Restini E, Cianci P, Capuzzolo S, Vignotto C, Pirozzolo G, Bao QR, Giuseppe C, Angarano E, Di Lena M, Marino F, Perrone F, Pezzolla F, Gigante G, Magistro C, Crippa J, Maspero M, Carnevali P, Lovisetto F, Trapani R, Zonta S, Agostinelli L, Vittori L, Romeo L, Doria E, Farnesi F, Danna R, Ferrara F, Biancafarina A, Andolfi E, Pellicano\u2019 GA, Angelini M, Scricciolo M, Zanframundo C, Ciulli C, Ripamonti L, Cigagna L, Oldani M, Tamini N, Larcinese A, Rossi D, Picone E, Crescentini G, Tuminello F, Caristo G, Marano A, Sasia D, Migliore M, Giuffrida MC, Palagi S, Testa V, Borrello A, Lucarini A, Garofalo E, Canali G, Bragaglia L, Orlandi P, de Manzoni Garberini A, Nervegna F, Marchegiani F, Damoli I, Licata A, Trovato C, Cassaro F, Alicata F, Sardo F, Milazzo M, Randisi B, Dominici DM, Cocorullo G, Venturelli P, Gori A, Sartarelli L, Zanni M, Pisanu A, Soddu C, Delogu D, Erdas E, Campus F, Cappellacci F, Casti F, Esposito G, Marcialis J, Atzeni J, Podda MG, Sensi B, Sica G, Franceschilli M, Campanelli M, Bellato V, Cannavera A, Putzu G, Cillara N, di Mola FF, Ricciardiello M, Sagnotta A, Picardi B, Solinas L, Loponte M, Rossi del Monte S, Rossi S, Di Martino C, Linari C, Spagni G, Capezzuoli L, Tirloni L, Nelli T, Caridi A, Elter C, Camassa M, D'Amico S, Bargellini T, Cappiello A, Bianco F, Incollingo P, Pinotti E, Montuori M, Maffione F, Romano L, Valiyeva S, Spoletini D, Lisi G, Carlini M, Menegon Tasselli F, Pellino G, Bagaglini G, Sciaudone G, Selvaggi L, Menna MP, De Paola G, Sammarco G, Fulginiti S, Truskovs A, Wei\u00df C, Sakn\u012btis G, Rauscher JTR, Larnovskis J, Jeyarajan-Davidsson M, Mala\u0161onoks A, Nitisa D, Machatschek MJ, Gille N, Reiser SC, Farrugia M, Roshan MHK, Andrejevic P, Leseman C, Tanis P, van de Ven A, Chen J, van Dalen AS, Top C, Gerhards M, Detering R, Matos C, Monteiro C, Silva C, Pinto D, Mendes J, Couto J, Leite M, Velez C, Damasio Cotovio M, Cinza AM, Pereira M, Pedroso de Lima R, Botelho P, Quigley A, Boyle E, Yang HW, Banerjee I, Rahmat S, Afzal Z, O'Neill A, Reid C, Dumitrascu F, Croyle JA, Gressmann K, Cullen N, Graham A, Nasehi A, Montano King C, Gaule L, Martin B, Stokell C, Crone L, Sanderson N, Farnan R, jassim S, Arnold A, Chan B, Chua Vi Long K, Kaka N, Pandey S, Neo WX, Chitul A, Bezede C, Grama F, Beuca A, Cincilei D, David A, Blaga M, Blaga SN, Fagarasan V, Tulina I, Khetagurova M, Rodimov S, Kapustina A, Mekhralyzade A, Zabiyaka M, Juloski J, Jankovi\u0107 U, Cuk V, Panyko A, H\u00e1jska M, Dubovsk\u00fd M, Hro\u0161ov\u00e1 M, Ferancikova N, Camarero Rodr\u00edguez E, Laguna Alc\u00e1ntara F, Adarraga J, Jezieniecki C, Ruiz Soriano M, G\u00f3mez Sanz T, Suarez A, S\u00e1nchez Garc\u00eda C, Mar\u00edn Santos JM, Alonso Batanero E, Cifrian Canales I, Llosa P\u00e9rez J, Merayo M, Urbieta A, Geg\u00fandez Sim\u00f3n A, Tone JF, Gazo Mart\u00ednez J, Vicario Bravo M, Chavarrias N, Gil Catal\u00e1n A, Oseira A, Villalonga B, Soldevila Verdeguer C, Jeri S, Col\u00e1s-Ruiz E, Perez Calvo J, Nogu\u00e9s A, Cros B, Y\u00e1nez C, Talal El-Abur I, Blas Laina JL, Utrilla Fornals A, Rold\u00f3n Golet M, Garc\u00eda Dom\u00ednguez M, Colsa P, Gimenez Maurel T, Delorme M, Buchwald P, Axmarker T, Gialamas E, Chevallay M, Pham TV, Ozmen BB, Sel EK, Ozben V, Atar C, Aktas MK, Aba M, Ozkan BB, Sarkin M, Akkaya YM, Durmaz AG, Calikoglu F, Gullu HF, Bo\u011fa A, Akta\u015f A, Bakar B, Demirel MT, Kural S, Hysejni X, Zafer F, Taser M, Guzel OR, Bozbiyik O, Isik A, \u00d6zen D, \u00d6lmez M, Kaya Y, Uyar B, G\u00fcl\u00e7ek E, Kayacan GS, At\u0131c\u0131 N, Gul OF, Altiner S, Ibis B, Altunsu S, Banaz T, Diler C, Demirbas I, Usta MA, Erkul O, Orman R, Salih S, Utkan NZ, Tatar OC, G\u00fcler SA, Acil C, Ozgur E, Maddahali M, Turhan AB, Eskici AB, Ular B, Do\u011fru M, \u00d6zt\u00fcrk OU, Arslan ER, Panahi Sharif A, Hurmuzlu D, Dikmen E, Ates J, Bircan R, Cavus T, Sever AE, Balak B, Duman E, Korkmaz K, Altay L, Emanet O, Cullen F, Tan JY, Sharma P, Nathan A, Rottenberg A, Williams CY, Mitrofan CG, Xu D, Bawa JH, Morris P, Troller R, Gordon D, Richmond G, Hui JC, Hagan N, Ighomereho O, Rocks R, McCabe S, Fitzpatrick A, Mooney J, Nicoletti J, Hui JC, Auterson L, Darrah N, Soh VWY, Light A, Ong CS, Utukuri M, Gallagher C, Stuart LM, Hipolito M, Douglas N, Ghazal R, Parris G, Catchpole J, Tansey M, Bryden M, Jamal S, Karim Z, Lyon-Dean C, Bhojwani D, Rowley G, Lee KS, Whitehurst O, Mirza A, Sheikh F, Yousaf H, Bilbao J, Sinclair R, Takar S, Kressel H, McGing RM, Chan V, Mallon A, Schack K, Osborne R, Baldemor S, Smyth S, Gilmour S, Ting A, Bozonelou I, Saunders P, Qhaireel Anwar QA, Tirimanna R, Jauhari S, Gardener A, Walker B, Spilsbury C, Wenban C, Reddy H, Conway-Jones R, Loganathan S, Clynch A, James C, Matey E, Cameron F, James R, Roberts W, Gicquel A, Milliken C, Forbes J, Rubinchik P, O\u2019Brien S, Isaac A, Azmi A, Hawkes C, Cornett L, Adarkwah P, McConville R, O'Hara S, Tijare C, Parkes J, Yao L, Ahmad R, Balasubramanya S, Shafiq U, Mhaisalkar A, Gurung A, Sadik H, de Stadler K, Elias S, Thomas T, Madras A, Jani A, Daler HK, Tong KS, Sundaralingam SS, Nowinka Z, Szal A, Khan A, O'Sullivan C, Baker E, Joseph-Gubral J, Gala T, Chen JY, Turner B, Hadley E, Trivedi R, Igwelaezoh E, Goh E, Barton H, Allison W, Hurst W, Alam F, Parkes I, Hassan K, Jamshaid M, Azizan N, Burgher T, Afzal A, Eltilib I, Zahid M, Sadiq O, Lloyd A, Mason P, Ho R, Brazukas A, Li CH, Kamdar M, Mohamed Nazeer MN, Tzoumas N, Mighiu A, Kim D, Wilkins L, Kuo L, Conway-Jones R, Rafe T, Noton T, Maduka D, Cheema H, Farag K, Mirza M, Abdellatif M, Nzewi R, Kruczynska A, Grasselli H, Yousuff M, Ahmed N, Bassi R, Mann AK, Chopra J, Shaikh M, Sharma P, D Sa S, Tsimplis V, Ghanchi A, Skene E, Asim K, Zaheer M, Chan S, Dalton H, Gibbons K, Adderley O, Chukwujindu I, Jayasuriya I, Sivanu K, Borumand M, Bylapudi SK, Chick G, Bridges I, Tomlin J, McKenna J, Nandra N, Grace N, Grieco C, Quek FF, Mercer R, Latif S, Brankin-Frisby T, Sattar A, Aslam A, Edelsten E, Shafi S, Kouli T, Ford V, Gurung F, Kiam JS, Fernandes M, Deader N, Ponniah R, Jamieson S, Davies A, Taubwurcel J, Aung MT, Desai R, Begum S, Jamadar T, Kangatharan A, Rzeszowski B, Ho C, Yap SHK, Prendergast M, Sethi R, Duku A, Lowe C, Bray J, Elsamani K, Ghobrial M, Nichita V, Wagstaff A, Hughes C, Rengasamy E, Abu Hassan F, Mahmood H, Savill N, Shah S, Almeida T, Sinan LOH, Edwards A, Antypas A, Catchpole B, El-Dalil D, Halford Z, Carmichael A, Khoo EJM, Alsusa H, Salim EE, Boyd M, Reid C, Stark D, Williams J, Feyi-Waboso J, Patel M, Zeidan Z, Bailey E, Bapty J, Brazkiewicz M, Minhas N, Tremlett A, Fowler G, Pringle H, Mankal S, Kaminskaite V, Chung W, Rees E, Parry-Jones E, Anderson K, Mcforrester A, Stanley A, Hoather A, Wise H, Laid I, Giudiceandrea I, Scriven J, Braniste A, Wilson A, Le Blevec L, Pakunwanich N, Evans N, Chong HL, White C, Hunter J, Haque M, Vanalia P, Murdoch S, Choudhary T, McCann A, Harun A, Shah H, Dieseru N, Hunt S, Shafiq Y, Murphy A, Bickley-Morris E, Emms L, Dare M, Patel M, Akula Y, Yates C, Deliyannis E, Mayes F, Ellacott M, Zagorac Z, Farren A, Manning C, Hughed C, Stewart EG, Lim KH, Chohan N, Thaker A, Thompson B, Ziolkowska K, Ahari D, Burdekin E, Okwu U, Akintunde A, Lhaf F, Khoda F, Douthwaite J, Govindan R, Leelamanthep S, Gull E, Wright F, Dundas L, Okocha M, Mackdermott N, Burchi-Khairy T, Campbell I, Walsh J, Yeo JY, Meehan S, Banerjee D, Fu M, Kawka M, Ali T, Hussain Z, Thomas C, Ahmad H, Moroney J, Yick C, Risquet R, Ntuiabane D, Shimato M, Khan M, Ilangovan S, Vaselli NM, Smithers R, Uhanowita Marage R, Valnarov-Boulter A, Kayran J, Banerjee M, Parekh-Hill N, Hooper A, Bowen J, Jagdish R, Mcquoid C, Khan N, O Hare R, Jeffery S, Devine A, Zahid A, Elsworth C, Walter L, Dhillon S, Rao S, Anthony A, Ashaye A, Phillips N, Faderani R, Pengelly S, Choi S, Kwak SY, Lau YHL, Bagheri K, Pancharatnam R, McDonnell S, Ong DYC, Kerr E, Falconer K, Clancy N, Douglas S, Zhang Y, Greenfield F, Mutanga I, McAlinden J, Olivier J, Willis L, Adefolaju A, Agarwal H, Barter R, Harris G, Spencer G, Lim HJ, Lee MW, V Vadiveloo T, Herbert G, Moroney J, Yick C, Patel R, Risquet R, Shah M, Slim N, El Falaha S, Wong C, Soare C, Akram J, Elsayeh K, Bozhkova L, Ma Y, Vo UG, Tan HWN, Leto L, Kamal MA, Hadzhieva E, Krastev P, Tonchev P, Kokkinos G, Pozotou I, Sabbagh D, Votava J, Koci\u00e1n P, St F, Koliakos N, Tsaparas P, Zografos G, Mantas D, Tsourouflis G, Fradelos E, Castaldi A, Trigiante G, Labellarte G, Resta G, Capelli G, D'Amore A, Verlingieri V, Campagnaro T, Maffioli A, Viscosi F, De Lucia C, Poillucci G, Meneghini S, Fancellu A, Colella M, Biondi A, De Peppo V, Pace U, Albino V, Gattulli D, Piangerelli A, Kalivaci D, Sisto G, Mazzola M, Caneparo A, Grassia M, Lunghi EG, Andolfi E, Nespoli LC, Angrisani M, Sinibaldi G, Langone A, Galleano R, Gelarda E, Virgilio E, Angelini E, Fornasier C, Asero S, Venturelli P, Filippone E, Frongia F, Cal\u00f2 PG, Bellato V, Panaccio P, Sagnotta A, Loponte M, Ipponi P, D'Amico S, Gili S, Giuliani A, Lisi G, Braccio B, Tiesi V, Stolcers K, Kokaine L, Novikovs V, Farrugia M, Capel L, Bastiaenen V, Heijmans H, Ribeiro da Silva B, Silva A, Botelho P, Henriques S, Gan SZ, Ramanayake H, Nolan M, Kakodkar P, Temperley H, Kakodkar P, Ciofic E, Beuca A, Pop BA, Kurtenkov M, Jovanovi\u0107 M, Vician M, Egea Arias P, Beltr\u00e1n de Heredia J, Labalde Martinez M, De Santiago Alvarez I, Alvarez-Gallego M, Col\u00e1s-Ruiz E, Talal El-Abur I, Rodriguez Artigas JM, Dwidar O, Korkmaz HK, Eray IC, Meri\u00e7 S, Aydin R, \u00c7etin B, \u00d6zen D, Yalcinkaya A, Karaca BE, Kuyumcu OF, Baki BE, Y\u00fcksel E, Uprak TK, Ugur M, Karabulut K, Kavuk\u00e7u E, Mansor A, Troller R, Hackett R, Zammit-Maempel M, Sabaratnam R, Nicoletti J, Maan A, Ferarrio I, Dixon L, Halai H, Sethi S, Nelson L, Grassam-rowe A, Krishnan E, Deeny D, McKeever M, George Pandeth A, Dhavala P, Sreenivasan S, Sundaram Venkatesan G, Zhu L, Atiyah Z, Gregory J, Morey T, Seymour Z, Holdsworth L, Abdelmahmoud S, Bourhill J, Bisheet G, Shaw J, Kulkarni K, Kumarakulasingam P, Pillay S, Al-Habsi R, Kungwengwe G, Richards J, Davoudi K, Ibrahim B, Tailor B, Zayed M, Chen F, Bailey S, Sheefat S, Nawaz G, Pawar R, Marsh S, Sam ZH, Roy Bentley S, Simpson C, Hughes J, Lim Y, Ooi R, Toh WH, Mannion P, Lovett A, Kin\u010dius A, Hussein S, Kirby E, Beckett RG, Salmon J, Rafie A, Glynn T, Choo SY, Lyons S, Browne D, Ravindran W, Ahmad S, Erotocritou M, Zhu X, Erotocritou M, Bradbury M, McNulty J, McCarthy L, Ng J, Karmally Z, McTeir K, Hanna M, Tan E, Namdeo S, Schembri R, Pusey E.znac069_Supplementary_DataClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Correction: Trials 24, 507 (2023)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-023-07465-zFollowing publication of the original article , we haveCorrect affiliations are below:Youhua Li, Southeast UniversityShuai Tian, Liaoning Police CollegeLu Jin, Central University of Finance and EconomicsJixin Li, Suzhou Vocational UniversityXianfa Liu, Henan University of TechnologyJingjing(CA) Ji, Southeast University"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-42065-6, published online 08 September 2023Correction to: In the original version of this Article Gauri Misra was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Molecular Diagnostics and COVD-19 Kit Testing Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Noida, U.P., 201309, India\u2019. Additionally, Affiliation 1 was incorrectly stated as \u2018A-32, Sector-62, Institutional Area, National Institute of Biologicals, Noida, UP, 201309, India.\u2019 The correct Affiliation 1 is listed below.Molecular Diagnostics and COVID-19 Kit Testing Laboratory,\u00a0National Institute of Biologicals ,\u00a0A-32, Sector-62, Institutional Area, Noida, UP, 201309, India.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Initial adaptation of the OnTrack coordinated specialty care model in Chile: An application of the Dynamic Adaptation Process Le PD, Choe K, Burrone MS, Bello I, Velasco P, Arratia T, Tal D, Mascayano F, Jorquera MJ, Schilling S, Ram\u00edrez J, Arancibia D, Fader K, Conover S, Susser E, Dixon L, Alvarado R, Yang LH and Cabassa LJ. (2022) Front. Health Serv. 2:958743. doi: 10.3389/frhs.2022.958743A Corrigendum on Incorrect AffiliationIn the published article, there was an error in the affiliations. Author Diego Arancibia was incorrectly given the affiliation \u2018Escuela de Salud P\u00fablica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile', instead of the correct \u2018Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n y Postgrados, Facultdad de Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile'. Author Rub\u00e9n Alvarado was incorrectly given the affiliation \u2018Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile', instead of the correct \u2018Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile'.The authors apologise for these errors and state that they do not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Bioinformatics, Volume 38, Issue 10, May 2022, Pages 2963\u20132964,\u00a0https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btac204This is a correction to: Nicolas Captier, Jane Merlevede, Askhat Molkenov, Ainur Ashenova, Altynbek Zhubanchaliyev, Petr V Nazarov, Emmanuel Barillot, Ulykbek Kairov, Andrei Zinovyev, BIODICA: a computational environment for Independent Component Analysis of omics data, A change has been made to the author list."}
+{"text": "Bioinformatics, Volume 39, Issue 6, June 2023, btad328, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btad328This is a correction to: Nicholas Mateyko, Omar Tariq, Xinyi E Chen, Will Cheney, Asfar Lathif Salaudeen, Ishika Luthra, Najmeh Nikpour, Abdul Muntakim Rafi, Hadis Kamali Deghan, Cassandra Jensen, Carl de Boer, GIL: a python package for designing custom indexing primers, In the originally published version of this manuscript, a co-author\u2019s name was incorrect. The name was incorrectly spelt Hadis Kamali Deghan instead of the correct version \u201cHadis Kamali Dehghan\u201d.This error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Bioinformatics, Volume 39, Issue 6, June 2023, btad345, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btad345This is a correction to: Suryadipto Sarkar, Marta Lucchetta, Andreas Maier, Mohamed M Abdrabbou, Jan Baumbach, Markus List, Martin H Schaefer, David B Blumenthal, Online bias-aware disease module mining with ROBUST-Web, The originally published version of this manuscript was incorrectly assigned to vol. 35, issue 6, and has now been correctly placed in volume 39, issue 6. Please note the updated citation information.This error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "The correct names are: Nambusi Kyegombe, Gbolahan Ajibola, Maureen Sakoi-Mosetlhi, Tsholofelo Rebatenne, Motswedi Anderson, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Joseph Makhema, Una Ngwenya, Sikhulile Moyo, Odile Sauzet, Lucy Mupfumi. The correct citation is: Kyegombe N, Ajibola G, Sakoi-Mosetlhi M, Rebatenne T, Anderson M, Gaseitsiwe S, et al. (2023) Youth and healthcare workers\u2019 perspectives on the feasibility and acceptability of self-testing for HIV, Hepatitis and Syphilis among young people: Qualitative findings from a pilot study in Gaborone, Botswana. PloS ONE 18(7): e0288971."}
+{"text": "Picromerus Amyot & Serville, 1843  comprises 11 species found in the Northern Hemisphere. In Japan, two species have been recorded to date. However, an easy-to-understand identification method, such as an illustrated key, is lacking. Currently, Picromerusgriseus  has been recorded in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan and Taiwan, but not in Japan.The predatory stink bug genus Picromerusgriseus was recorded in Japan for the first time, based on a single individual collected from grasslands around the fields of Ishigaki Island of the Ryukyu Islands, which belong to the Oriental Region. This discovery represents the easternmost record of the species. An illustrated key to the species of Picromerus occurring in Japan is also provided. Asopinae Spinola, 1850 comprises 303 species in 63 genera worldwide and all species for which their biology is known are predacious ; Armacustos ; Dinorhynchusdybowski Jakovlev, 1876; Eocantheconafurcellata ; E.japonica ; E.kyushuensis ; E.shikokuensis ; Picromerusbidens ; P.lewisi Scott, 1874; Pinthaeussanguinipes ; Rhacognathuscorniger Hsiao & Cheng, 1977; and Zicronacaerulea   . Two Japervation .Picromerus Amyot & Serville, 1843 (Asopinae) comprises 11 species from the Northern Hemisphere: P.bidens; P.brachypterus Ahmad & \u00d6nder, 1990; P.conformis Herrich-Sch\u00e4ffer, 1841; P.elevatus Zhao, Liu & Bu, 2013; P.fasciaticeps Zheng & Liu, 1987; P.griseus ; P.lewisi; P.nigridens ; P.orientalis Rishi & Abbasi, 1973; P.pseudobidens Ahmad & \u00d6nder, 1990; and P.viridipunctatus Yang, 1934 . After the first author examined its morphological characteristics, we concluded that it belonged to P.griseus, which is currently known to occur in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan and Taiwan . To examine the genital characteristics, the male terminalia were removed from the body after softening the specimens in hot water. The removed genital capsule was immersed in hot 15% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution for 5 min. For further observations, parameres were removed from the genital capsule soaked in 99% ethanol. Male genitalia were preserved in small polyethylene vials containing a 50% glycerine and 50% water solution. A polyethylene vial was mounted on the pin with the specimens. The specimens were photographed using a digital microscope  and a compact digital camera  and image stacks were processed using Adobe Photoshop 2021 ver. 22.5.1  when using the digital microscope. Measurements were obtained using a stereoscopic microscope equipped with an ocular grid and a digital microscope. Morphological terms were assigned as described by Picromerusgriseus examined in the present study was deposited at the Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa, Japan (TUA). Specimens of the Japanese species of Picromerus that were used for creating the identification key and for comparison with P.griseus were deposited in the Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (ELKU) and TUA.The single specimen of 77EEBAC0-304E-5F94-8CDF-CE8E4A7B3777Cantheconagrisea Dallas, 1851 - Picromerusobtusus Walker, 1867 - Picromerusgriseus.Picromerusnigrivitta Walker, 1867 - Picromerusobtusus.Picromerussundanus Breddin, 1902 - Picromerusgriseus. Picromerusgriseus Schouteden, 1907 - Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Akihiro Utagawa; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: B9C40A18-594B-59E7-BCA1-4AB46599AC3E; Taxon: scientificName: Picromerusgriseus ; namePublishedIn: 1851; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Pentatomidae; genus: Picromerus; specificEpithet: griseus; scientificNameAuthorship: Dallas; Location: islandGroup: Ryukyu Islands; island: Ishigaki Island; country: Japan; countryCode: Okinawa; municipality: Ishigaki-shi; locality: Sakieda; decimalLatitude: 24.438250; decimalLongitude: 124.102167; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: Jun Souma; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 08-11-2022; Record Level: institutionCode: TUA; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimenPicromerusgriseus can be distinguished from other species of the genus using a combination of the following characteristics: head, pronotum, scutellum and femora uniformly brown , Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Taiwan   Figs 1. In conc446F3361-8AD0-525D-9221-AEDDD875210BAfghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Byelorussia, Canada, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan , Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Korea, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Macedonia, Moldavia, Mongolia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, USA, Uzbekistan .193F1E3C-A7F4-5123-9FA6-6231EDC725B0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atypus_affinisBangladesh, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, Japan (Ishigaki Island), Myanmar, Pakistan, Taiwan , Kazakhstan, Korea, Russia, Taiwan ."}
+{"text": "Communications Biology 10.1038/s42003-023-04889-w, published online 11 May 2023.Correction to: In the original version of the article, the Competing Interests statement read as:\u2018J.A.R. reports receiving a commercial research grant from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, sponsored research agreement from Genprex, Inc, has ownership interest  in Genprex, Inc., and is a consultant/advisory boardmember for Genprex, Inc. T.G.B. is an advisor to Array/Pfizer, Revolution Medicines, Springworks, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Relay Therapeutics, Rain Therapeutics, Engine Biosciences, and receives research funding from Novartis, Strategia, Kinnate, and Revolution Medicines. J.W.R. is an advisor to Blueprint, Beigene, Daiichi Sankyo, EMD Serono, Janssen, Turning Point, Regeneron, Sanofi Aventis and a consultant to Blueprint, Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim. He also receives research funding from Merck, Novartis, Spectrum, Revolution Medicine, AstraZeneca.The other authors disclosed no potential conflicts of interest or competing interests.\u2019This has now been changed to:\u2018Jack A. Roth reports receiving a commercial research grant from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, sponsored research agreement from Genprex, Inc, has ownership interest  in Genprex, Inc., and is a consultant/advisory board member for Genprex, Inc. Trever G Bivona is an advisor to Array/Pfizer, Revolution Medicines, Springworks, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Relay Therapeutics, Rain Therapeutics, Engine Biosciences, and receives research funding from Novartis, Strategia, Kinnate, and Revolution Medicines. Jonathan Wesley Riess is an advisor to Blueprint, Beigene, Daiichi Sankyo, EMD Serono, Janssen, Turning Point, Regeneron, Sanofi Aventis and a consultant to Blueprint, Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim. He also receives research funding from Merck, Novartis, Spectrum, Revolution Medicine, AstraZeneca. Elizabeth Shpall is involved in consulting/Scientific advisory board/Speaking in Adaptimmune, Navan, Celaid Therapeutics, Zelluna Immunotherapy, FibroBiologics and Axio. She has also license agreement with Takeda, Affimed and Syena. The other authors disclosed no potential conflicts of interest or competing interests.\u2019This has been updated in the PDF and HTML versions."}
+{"text": "Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, Volume 28, Issue 8, August 2021, Pages 1765\u20131776, https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab054This is a correction to: Jihoon Kim, Larissa Neumann, Paulina Paul, Michele E Day, Michael Aratow, Douglas S Bell, Jason N Doctor, Ludwig C Hinske, Xiaoqian Jiang, Katherine K Kim, Michael E Matheny, Daniella Meeker, Mark J Pletcher, Lisa M Schilling, Spencer SooHoo, Hua Xu, Kai Zheng, Lucila Ohno-Machado, for the R2D2 Consortium, Privacy-protecting, reliable response data discovery using COVID-19 patient observations, The originally published version of this manuscript inadvertently omitted listing the members of the R2D2 Consortium.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-39592-7, published online 31 July 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the name of authors Filippo Trentini, Oriana Ciani, Elena Vanni, Simone Ghislandi, Aleksandra Ghislandi, Elena Azzolini and Alessia Melegaro which were incorrectly given as Trentini Filippo, Ciani Oriana, Vanni Elena, Ghislandi Simone, Torbica Aleksandra, Azzolini Elena and Melegaro Alessia.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Brain Communications, Volume 5, Issue 2, 2023, fcad035, https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcad035This is a correction to: Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla, Venkata C Chirumamilla, Nabin Koirala, Abdul R Anwar, Oliver T\u00fcscher, Johannes Vogt, Phillip Horstmann, Benjamin Meyer, George A Bonanno, Sergiu Groppa, Muthuraman Muthuraman, Modular segregation drives causality of the dynamic oscillatory network responses during threat processing, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the affiliation of one of the authors, Prof. Johannes Vogt, was incorrect. The correct affiliation for Prof. Vogt is as follows:Department of Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Institute of Anatomy II, Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, GermanyThis error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "British Journal of Surgery, 2022;, znac302, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znac302This is an erratum to: Eva B Deerenberg, Nadia A Henriksen, George A Antoniou, Stavros A Antoniou, Wichor M Bramer, John P Fischer, Rene H Fortelny, Hakan G\u00f6k, Hobart W Harris, William Hope, Charlotte M Horne, Thomas K Jensen, Ferdinand K\u00f6ckerling, Alexander Kretschmer, Manuel L\u00f3pez-Cano, Flavio Malcher, Jenny M Shao, Juliette C Slieker, Gijs H J de Smet, Cesare Stabilini, Jared Torkington, Filip E Muysoms, Updated guideline for closure of abdominal wall incisions from the European and American Hernia Societies, In the originally published version, affiliations of some of the authors were incorrect in the HTML version. All affiliations in the PDF version were correct.These errors have now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Horticulture Research, Volume 10, Issue 3, March 2023, uhad005, https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhad005This is a correction to: Fangping Li, Shiqiang Xu, Zitong Xiao, Jingming Wang, Yu Mei, Haifei Hu, Jingyu Li, Jieying Liu, Zhuangwei Hou, Junliang Zhao, Shaohai Yang, Jihua Wang, Gap-free genome assembly and comparative analysis reveal the evolution and anthocyanin accumulation mechanism of In the originally published version of this manuscript, in Figure 4, panels B and C were erroneously transposed.In addition, in Figure 5B, \u2018TJN-4-TJN-gene-131.252\u2019 in the GST-F section was incorrectly rendered in black.The Publisher apologizes for not correcting these errors at an earlier production stage."}
+{"text": "Journal of Occupational Health from October 1, 2022 to September 28, 2023.The Japan Society for Occupational Health expresses its sincere appreciation to the following volunteers for reviewing manuscripts for Adi, Nuri Purwito (Japan)Anderson, Amanda (United States)Ando, Hajime (Japan)Antao, Helena Sofia Arakawa, Ritsuko (Japan)Aung, Myo (Japan)Azuma, Kenichi (Japan)Bazazan, Ahmad (Iran)Cheng, Wan\u2010Ju (China)Cheng, Yawen (Taiwan)Choi, Byungjoo Cruz, Alex Junio Silva (Brazil)Deepreecha, Kathawoot (Thailand)Del Razo, Luz Mar\u00eda (Mexico)Dollard, Maureen Dragano, Nico (Germany)Du, Tanghuizi (Japan)Dugdale, Zoe (United States)Ebara, Takeshi (Japan)Eguchi, Hisashi (Japan)Eguchi, Yasumasa (Japan)Ely Zarina, Samsudin Ernawati, Ernawati (Indonesia)Fink, Anne (United States)Formazin, Maren (Germany)Franke, Warren (United States)Fujino, Yoshihisa (Japan)Fujiyoshi, Akira (Japan)Fukai, Kota (Japan)Fukushima, Noritoshi (Japan)Fukutani, Naoto (Japan)Furuta, Michiko (Japan)Fushimi, Atsushi (Japan)Gi, Min (Japan)Gillespie, Gordon L (United States)Hanners, Audra (United States)Hara, Kunio (Japan)Hara, Megumi (Japan)Harada, Arisa (Japan)Harmer, Bonnie (United States)He, Yupeng (Japan)Hidaka, Tomoo (Japan)Higashi, Hidenori (Japan)Higuchi, Yoshiyuki (Japan)Hikichi, Hiroyuki (Japan)Hino, Ayako (Japan)Hiraku, Yusuke (Japan)Hirokawa, Kumi (Japan)Honda, Takanori (Japan)Horie, Seichi (Japan)Horiguchi, Hyogo (Japan)Ichihara, Gaku (Japan)Idris, Mohd Igarashi, Yu (Japan)Iida, Mako (Japan)Ikeda, Atsuko (Japan)Ikeda, Hiroki (Japan)Ikegami, Kazunori (Japan)Imai, Teppei (Japan)Inoue, Akiomi (Japan)Inoue, Koki (Japan)Irigoyen\u2010Oti\u00f1ano, Mar\u00eda (Spain)Ishimaru, Tomohiro (Japan)Ishitake, Tatsuya (Japan)Itani, Osamu (Japan)Ito, Akiyoshi (Japan)Ito, Yuki (Japan)Iwakiri, Kazuyuki (Japan)Iwasaki, Akio (Japan)Iwasaki, Shinichi (Japan)Iwasawa, Satoko (Japan)Iwata, Hiroko (Japan)Izumi, Hiroyuki (Japan)Janwantanakul, Prawit (Thailand)Jurisic, Vladimir (Serbia)Kakamu, Takeyasu (Japan)Kanamori, Satoru (Japan)Kanda, Kanae (Japan)Kang, Mo\u2010Yeol Kang, Young\u2010Joong Katayama, Akihiko (Japan)Kawada, Michiko (Japan)Kawakami, Tsuyoshi (Thailand)Kawanami, Shoko (Japan)Kawashima, Masatoshi (Japan)Khalili, Arash (Iran)Kido, Takamasa (Japan)Kishi, Taro (Japan)Kitamura, Hiroko (Japan)Kodithuwakku Arachchige, Sachini (United States)Kojima, Reiji (Japan)Kojin, Hiroyuki (Japan)Kostelac, Deni (Croatia)Kozaki, Tomoaki (Japan)Kubo, Tomohide (Japan)Kubo, Yoshiko (Japan)Kurosawa, Hajime (Japan)Kuwahara, Keisuke (Japan)Lee, Jihye Leff, Todd (United States)Leocadio\u2010Miguel, Mario (United Kingdom)Lin, Ro\u2010Ting (Taiwan)Liu, Xinxin (Japan)Loh, Ping Yeap (Japan)L\u00f3pez G\u00f3mez, Mar\u00eda Andr\u00e9e (Spain)Lu, Dasheng (China)Lu, Ming\u2010Lun (Taiwan)Macabulos, Edmyr (Philippines)Maeda, Eri (Japan)Maeda, Shunta (Japan)Mafune, Kosuke (Japan)Maruyama, Takashi (Japan)Massimi, Azzurra Masuda, Masashi (Japan)Matsugaki, Ryutaro (Japan)Matsumoto, Junko (Japan)Matsumoto, Shun (Japan)Matsuo, Tomoaki (Japan)Mbare, Benta (Finland)Meucci, Rodrigo (Brazil)Michishita, Ryoma (Japan)Miki, Akiko (Japan)Minami, Kouichiro (Japan)Miyamoto,Toshiaki (Japan)Mori, Koji (Japan)Mori, Mihoko (Japan)Mori, Takahiro (Japan)Morimoto, Yasuo (Japan)Morioka, Ikuharu (Japan)Morita, Yusaku (Japan)Murakami, Haruka (Japan)Murakami, Takahisa (Japan)Muto, Go (Japan)Nagano, Chikage (Japan)Nagata, Masako (Japan)Nagata, Tomohisa (Japan)Naif, Moath (Cyprus)Nakamura, Mieko (Japan)Nakata, Yoshio (Japan)Neupane, Subas (Finland)Nishi, Kenichiro (Japan)Nishihama, Yukiko (Japan)Nogawa, Kazuhiro (Japan)Nomura, Kyoko (Japan)Ogami, Akira (Japan)Ogata, Toru (Japan)Ogawa, Masanori (Japan)Ohta, Masanori (Japan)Okawara, Makoto (Japan)Ono\u2010Ogasawara, Mariko (Japan)Ose, Solveig (Norway)Ota, Atsuhiko (Japan)Otsuka, Toshiaki (Japan)Otsuka, Yasumasa (Japan)Otsuka, Yuichiro (Japan)Park, Chang (United States)Pic\u00f3\u2010Monllor, Jos\u00e9 Antonio (Spain)Puttonen, Sampsa (Finland)Ramacciati, Nicola Riediker, Michael (Switzerland)Ruseski, Jane (United States)Saijo, Yasuaki (Japan)Sakai, Kosuke (Japan)Sakakibara, Keiko (Japan)Sakuraya, Asuka (Japan)Sasaki, Minako (Japan)Sasaki, Natsu (Japan)Sato, Yukihiro (Japan)Sawada, Shinichi (Japan)Sawada, Susumu (Japan)Schleupner, Ricarda (Austria)Shibata, Eiji (Japan)Shimazu, Akihito (Japan)Shimura, Akiyoshi (Japan)Shinada, Kayoko (Japan)Sieber, W. Karl (United States)Smith, Todd (United States)So, Rina (Japan)Song, Fujian (United Kingdom)Sriram, Krishnan (United States)Sugai, Toshiki (Japan)Sugama, Atsushi (Japan)Sugano, Ryosuke (Japan)Sukadarin, Ezrin Hani Suzuki, Ayako (Japan)Svensson, Thomas (Sweden)Tachi, Norihide (Japan)Tahara, Hiroyuki (Japan)Takahara, Ryuji (Japan)Takahashi, Toru (Japan)Takahashi, Yukio (Japan)Talapatra, Subrata (Bangladesh)Tamakoshi, Koji (Japan)Tani, Naomichi (Japan)Tatsumi, Yukako (Japan)Tokizawa, Ken (Japan)Tominaga, Maki (Japan)Tomita, Yoshihito (Japan)Toyama, Hiroyuki (Finland)Tsai, Feng\u2010jen (Taiwan)Tse, Lap Ah (Hong Kong)Tsuchiya, Masao (Japan)Tsuda, Yoko (Japan)Tsuji, Masayoshi (Japan)Tsujimura, Hiroji (Japan)Tsukinoki, Rumi (Japan)Tsuno, Kanami (Japan)Uchida, Mitsuo (Japan)Ueta, Ikuo (Japan)Ukawa, Shigekazu (Japan)Van Wijk, Charles (South Africa)Wada, Keiko (Japan)Wada, Koji (Japan)Watanabe, Kazuhiro (Japan)Yamamoto, Makoto (Japan)Yamauchi, Takenori (Japan)Yatera, Kazuhiro (Japan)Yokouchi, Nobutada (Japan)Yoon, Jin\u2010Ha Yoshikawa, Etsuko (Japan)Zaitsu, Masayoshi (Japan)"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-41884-x, published online 29 September 2023Correction to: In the original version of this Article Guang Sheng Zhao was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Heart Center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6 Jie Fang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below.Minimally invasive interventional diagnosis and treatment center, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6 Jie Fang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Caplan, Keri Cavanaugh, Bertrand Perroud, Tadeusz Wroblewski, Richard W. Michelmore, Blake C. Meyers, The Role of TIR-NBS and TIR-X Proteins in Plant Basal Defense Responses, Plant Physiology, Volume 162, Issue 3, July 2013, Pages 1459\u20131472, The authors were made aware of the image duplicated in This correction does not otherwise affect the results nor alter any of the original conclusions. We apologize for any inconvenience to the readers."}
+{"text": "G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics, Volume 13, Issue 7, July 2023, jkad059, https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkad059This is a correction to: Gerson Ascencio, Matthew A de Cruz, Judy Abuel, Sydney Alvarado, Yuma Arriaga, Emily Conrad, Alonso Castro, Katharine Eichelberger, Laura Galvan, Grace Gundy, Jorge Alberto Inojoza Garcia, Alyssa Jimenez, Nhein Tuyet Lu, Catharine Lugar, Ronald Marania, Tserendavaa Mendsaikhan, Jose Ortega, Natasha Nand, Nicole S Rodrigues, Khayla Shabazz, Cynnie Tam, Emmanuel Valenciano, Clive Hayzelden, Anthony S Eritano, Blake Riggs, A deficiency screen of the 3rd chromosome for dominant modifiers of the Drosophila ER integral membrane protein, Jagunal, In the originally published version of this manuscript, a student co-author\u2019s name was misspelled. Nhein Tuyet Lu should be correctly spelled Nhien Tuyet Lu.This error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "To the Editor,Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) is caused by the activation of skin mast cells (MCs) by various signals including IgG and IgE autoantibodies in autoimmune (type IIb) and autoallergic CSU, respectively.Upon IgE\u2010mediated activation, MCs release the soluble isoform of the high affinity IgE receptor (sFc\u025bRI), which results in increased serum levels.p\u00a0<\u00a00.0001; Figure\u00a0Patients with CSU had significantly higher sFc\u03b5RI serum levels (median\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0IQR: 1.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a062.9\u00a0ng/mL) than HCs  and significantly correlated with sFc\u03b5RI levels, albeit weakly . Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria patients with normal and elevated IgE (>40\u00a0IU/mL) versus low IgE (<40\u00a0IU/mL) had significantly higher sFc\u03b5RI levels  or chronic inducible urticaria  from Novartis, Menarini, Uriach, FAES, Pfizer. MSD and has received a research Grant from GSK and Novartis. AGA or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from Almirall, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Avene, Celldex, Escient Pharmaceuticals, Genentech, GSK, Instituto Carlos III\u2010 FEDER, Leo Pharma, Menarini, Novartis, Sanofi\u2013Regeneron, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Uriach Pharma/Neucor. CEHG has done consultancy work recently for Celltrion and Sanofi. TJ or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from ALK\u2010Abello, Allergy Therapeutics/Bencard, Novartis and Thermo\u2010Fisher Scientific. GNK or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, GSK, Menarinin, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Vianex. UR is or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for Almirall, Abbvie, Janssen, Sanofi, Novartis and UCB. PS is or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from AbbVie, Allergika, Almirall\u2010Hermal, Amgen, Beiersdorf, Biocryst, BMS, Boehringer\u2010Ingelheim, Celgene, CSL\u2010Behring, Eli\u2010Lilly, Galderma, Hexal, Janssen, Klinge, Klosterfrau, LEO\u2010Pharma, LETI\u2010Pharma, L\u00b4Oreal, Novartis, Octapharma, Pfizer, Pfl\u00fcger, Pharming, Regeneron, Shire, Takeda, Regeneron, Sanofi\u2010Genzyme and UCB Pharma. TK, Tamar Kinaciyan is or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from ALK, Sanofi/Regeneron, Novartis, CSL Behring, Biocryst, Takeda and KalVista. MMakris is or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from Astra Zeneca, Chiesi, GSK, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Menarini, Elpen, Vianex. PSG or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from AbbVie, Aimmune, ALK\u2010Abello, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bencard, Biomed, B\u00fchlmann Diagnostics, Galderma, GlaxoSmithKline, Jansen, LEO, Lilly, L`Or\u00e9al, Menarini, Novartis, Pfizer, Pierre Fabre, Roche Pharma, Sanofi Regerenon, Stallergenes and Thermo Fisher. GS is also a medical advisor and/or has received payment for lectures from Novartis, CSL Behring, Pfizer, Abvie, Astra\u2010Zeneca, Nuvo Pharmaceuticals, and the Allergy Asthma and Immunology Society of Ontario. MMaurer is or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from Allakos, Amgen, Aralez, ArgenX, AstraZeneca, Celldex, Centogene, CSL Behring, FAES, Genentech, GIInnovation, GSK, Innate Pharma, Kyowa Kirin, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Menarini, Moxie, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi/Regeneron, Third Harmonic Bio, UCB, and Uriach. SA or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from AstraZeneca, Allakos, Biocryst, CSL Behring, Sanofi, Takeda, ThermoFisher, Moxie and Novartis.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Grant/Award Number: RA\u20101026/3\u20102Supporting Information S1Click here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Staphylococcus aureus Network Adaptive Platform Trial Protocol: New Tools for an Old Foe.\u201d Clin Infect Dis; https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciac476). The list of members of the Staphylococcus aureus Network Adaptive Platform (SNAP) Study Group was incomplete. An amended list of study group members appears below; names of collaborators who were initially left off the list appear in bold. Additionally, two researchers initially included in the study group, Kevin Brown and Nan Vasilunas, have been removed from the list of contributors.An error appeared in the corrected proof publication of this article (Tong et al. \u201cThe Lauren Barina, Emma Best, Max Bloomfield, Jennifer Bostock, Carly Botheras, Asha Bowen, Philip Britton, Hannah Burden, Anita Campbell, Hannah Carter, Matthew Cheng, Ka Lip Chew, Ivor Russel Lee Ming Chong, Geoffrey Coombs, Peter Daley, Nick Daneman, Jane Davies, Joshua Davis, Yael Dishon-Benattar, Ravindra Dotel, Adrian Dunlop, Felicity Flack, Katie Flanagan, Hong Foo, Nesrin Ghanem-Zoubi, Stefano Giulieri, Anna Goodman, Jennifer Grant, Daniel Gregson, Stephen Guy, Amanda Gwee, Erica Hardy, Andrew Henderson, George Heriot, Benjamin Howden, Fleur Hudson, Jennie Johnstone, Shirin Kalimuddin, Dana de Kretser, Andrea Kwa, Todd Lee, Amy Legg, Roger Lewis, Martin Llewelyn, Thomas Lumley, David Lye, Derek MacFadden, Robert Mahar, Isabelle Malham\u00e9, Michael Marks, Julie Marsh, Marianne Martinello, Gail Matthews, Colin McArthur, Anna McGlothlin, Genevieve McKew, Brendan McMullan, Zoe McQuilten, Eliza Milliken, Jocelyn Mora, Susan Morpeth, Srinivas Murthy, Clare Nourse, Matthew O'Sullivan, David Paterson, Mical Paul, Neta Petersiel, Lina Petrella, Sarah Pett, David Price, Jason Roberts, James Owen Robinson, Benjamin Rogers, Benjamin Saville, Matthew Scarborough, Marc Scheetz, Oded Scheuerman, Kevin Schwartz, Simon Smith, Thomas Snelling, Marta Soares, Christine Sommerville, Andrew Stewardson, Neil Stone, Archana Sud, Robert Tilley, Steven Tong, Rebecca Turner, Jonathan Underwood, Sebastiaan van Hal, Lesley Voss, Genevieve Walls, Rachel Webb, Steve Webb, Lynda Whiteway, Heather Wilson, Terence Wuerz, Dafna YahavNick Anagnostou, Sophia Archuleta, Eugene Athan, The authors regret the error."}
+{"text": "To the Editor:Chronic hand eczema (CHE) is a debilitating heterogeneous condition characterized by pruritus secondary to hyperkeratosis, vesicles, or fissures.https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/vtkgpr7c2m/1). Quality of evidence was assessed based on the Oxford center for evidence-based medicine 2011 levels of evidence. After independent screening by 2 reviewers, 33 articles (publication date: 2018-2023) reflecting 550 patients and 560 treatments with reported outcomes were included (https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/vtkgpr7c2m/1). The mean age of the patients was 45\u00a0years , with 218 males (39.6%), 321 females (58.4%), and 11 (2%) patients with unreported sex. The frequently reported clinical subtypes of CHE were as follows: atopic , irritant , hyperkeratotic , dyshidrotic , and allergic . CHE was refractory to nonbiologic or non\u2013small molecule systemic or topical therapy in 94% (517/550) of patients.Following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched using specific keywords . Complete resolution was observed commonly with dupilumab , followed by crisaborole , gusacitinib , delgocitinib , upadacitinib , and baricitinib . Conversely, no resolution was documented often with apremilast . The studies used Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) as a validated outcome measure wherein >41-point reduction from baseline may represent a meaningful improvement.Mean treatment duration was 153.8\u00a0days in 524 of 560 patients. Concomitant medications were used in 23% (127/550) of patients, with topical corticosteroids  being the most frequent (Supplementary Table II). The most common biologic or small-molecule classes utilized were topical delgocitinib , dupilumab , gusacitinib , upadacitinib , topical crisaborole , baricitinib , and apremilast  (Supplementary Table III, available via Mendeley at ,,Although the pathogenesis of CHE remains unclear, increased systemic Th1/Th2 activation along with upregulated interleukin-4 transcripts have been implicated in patients with several disease subtypes.Study limitations include incomplete follow-up data and potential selection bias. Moreover, data heterogeneity prevented meta-analysis. Nonetheless, we highlight evidence that supports the use of biologics and small molecules such as dupilumab, delgocitinib, upadacitinib, and gusacitinib for CHE. Further larger-scale studies are warranted.Dr Asfandyar Mufti has been a speaker for AbbVie and Janssen. Dr Jensen Yeung has been an advisor, consultant, speaker, and/or investigator for AbbVie, Allergan, Amgen, Astellas, Bausche, Baxalta, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Centocor, Coherus, Dermira, Eli Lilly, Forward, Fresnius Kabi, Galderma, Incyte, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Lilly, Medimmune, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Sun Pharma, Takeda, UCB, and Xenon.\u00a0The remaining authors Mr Sood, Mr Akuffo-Addo, Dr Georgakopoulos, and Dr Maliyar have no relevant disclosures."}
+{"text": "CRLS1 lead to cardiolipin deficiency and cause an autosomal recessive multi-system mitochondrial disease, Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 31, Issue 21, 1 November 2022, Pages 3597\u20133612, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddac040This is a correction to: Richard G Lee, Shanti Balasubramaniam, Maike Stentenbach, Tom Kralj, Tim McCubbin, Benjamin Padman, Janine Smith, Lisa G Riley, Archana Priyadarshi, Liuyu Peng, Madison R Nuske, Richard Webster, Ken Peacock, Philip Roberts, Zornitza Stark, Gabrielle Lemire, Yoko A Ito, Care4Rare Canada Consortium, Kym M Boycott, Michael T Geraghty, Jan Bert van Klinken, Sacha Ferdinandusse, Ying Zhu, Rebecca Walsh, Esteban Marcellin, David R Thorburn, Tony Roscioli, Janice Fletcher, Oliver Rackham, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric M Vaz, Gavin E Reid, Aleksandra Filipovska, Deleterious variants in In the originally published version of this manuscript, the names of authors Tony Roscioli and Ying Zhu were inadvertently misspelled.These errors have been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 32, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1466\u20131482, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddac297This is a correction to: Willcyn Tang, John Thundyil, Grace Gui Yin Lim, Teddy J W Tng, Sean Qing Zhang Yeow, Aditya Nair, Chou Chai, Tso-Pang Yao, Kah-Leong Lim, Parkin regulates neuronal lipid homeostasis through SREBP2-lipoprotein lipase pathway\u2013implications for Parkinson's disease, In the originally published version of this manuscript, in Figure 4A, panels in the bottom row (Rot200nM (48 hrs), Parkin O/E) inadvertently duplicated the panels in the top row .The Figure has now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Dear Editor1. As health systems plan post-COVID recovery of elective surgical services, they should identify potential future external risks to surgical services2. Extreme weather events resulting from climate change could present an increasing challenge to healthcare systems3; surges in injuries and cardiorespiratory complications during heatwaves could reduce capacity to deliver elective care4. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of summer pressures on the delivery of elective surgery in the UK.The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the fragility of elective surgical and anaesthesia services, resulting in millions of operations being cancelled across the worldFig. 1).The authors conducted a cross-sectional survey of surgeons, anaesthetists, and critical care doctors who worked during the UK heatwave of 16\u201319 July 2022. A total of 271 responses were received from across 20 specialties in 140 UK hospitals. One in five respondents  reported that the heatwave directly resulted in the cancellation of elective surgery. A further third  anticipated that cancellations were likely in the event of a prolonged heatwave. Factors contributing to heatwave-related cancellations included staff shortages (reported by 35.8 per cent of 271 respondents), unsafe theatre environments (30.3 per cent), and bed shortages (22.1 per cent) (Table S1).Surgical services were poorly prepared for heatwaves. Ambient temperature could not be controlled in 41.0 per cent of operating theatres. Most hospitals  lacked summer pressure plans to maintain elective surgical safety and capacity. Some 96 respondents (35.4 per cent) reported making adaptations to maintain the routine surgical activity during the heatwave (5, they must consider how to safeguard against further climate change-related disruption to the delivery of surgical services. This should be included in the preparation of summer pressure plans to improve the resilience of elective surgery services.These data demonstrate that even short heatwaves may result in widespread disruption to surgical services. As hospitals tackle post-COVID surgery backlogsGreenSurg Collaborative: Maria Picciochi, James C Glasbey, Elizabeth Li, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Joana FF Simoes, Aneel Bhangu, Arjun Nathan, Nizar S M Ismail, Amer J Durrani, Fanourios Georgiades, Ignatius Liew, Mamun D Dornseifer, Chetan D Parmar, Angelos G Kolias, Efstratia A Baili, Ashwani Kumar Nugur, Erminia Albanese, Marios Ghobrial, Andreas K Demetriades, Joseph P Attwood, Baljit Singh, Ciaran M Barlow, Sheila M Fraser, Manas K Dube, Avinash Aujayeb, Dinesh K Thekkinkattil, Abraham J Botha, Tosin O Akinyemi, W K E Peng, Salah A Hammouche, Muyed K A Mohamed, Mahmoud K A Elmesalmi, Maria G Cannoletta, Kai Yuen Wong, Hassan MT Fawi, Suk F Cheng, Funlayo O Odejinmi, Hugo RM Layard Horsfall, Nikolaos Machairas, Rory C Cuthbert, Shahbaz S Malik, Rory G Callan, Richard J Egan, Nader N Moawad, David W Ferguson, Nathan Grundy, Michelle L Collins, Jonathan BT Herron, Chetan Khatri, Sophia E Lewis, Tariq Alhammali, Andrew J Beamish, Kiran K Singisetti, Joseph Shalhoub, Chung S Chean, Rajesh Sivaprakasam, Sreekar Devarakonda, Miles W Benjamin, Sivesh K Kamarajah, James Ashcroft, Pierfrancesco Lapolla, Christin Henein, Baljit Singh, Cillian T Forde, Mohammad Zain Sohail, Rachael J Clegg, Zoe M Seymour, Stavros V Parasyris, Nikolaos Dimitrokallis, Benjamin J Davies, Waleed F A Fahmy, Obafemi K Wuraola, Athanasios Serlis, Binay Gurung, Andrew J Kelly, Rishi Talwar, Paul S Cullis, Dale J Gracie, Markus P Baker, George WV Cross, Wai Wai Win Mar, Raashad Hasan, Dimitri J Pournaras, Cho Ee Ng, Ashok R Ramasamy, Amir N A Iskandar, James C Glasbey, Haaris A Shiwani, Sujesh Bansal, Stephen F McAleer, Omar Ahmed, Nader N Moawad, Umakanth R Kempanna, John-Joe Reilly, Richard J Davies, Sibtain Anwar, Grant A Harris, Usama Ahmed, Kareem T Elsanhoury, Wen Jie Chin, Nikhil Kumar Ponugoti, Javaria Faiz, Amer J Durrani, Mohit Bhatia, Jonathon RC Sheen, Imran H Yusuf, Ziyan Sheng, Grant D Stewart, Shafquat Zaman, Aloka S Danwaththa Liyanage, Karthikeyan P Iyengar, Ravi Aggarwal, Setthasorn Z Y Ooi, Ayesha Mahmud, Mingzheng Aaron Goh, James M D Wheeler, Nicola J Eardley, Michael El Boghdady, Delvene Soares, Alexander D O'Connor, Ankur D Kariya, Filip Fryderyk Brzeszczy\u0144ski, Joshua L Moreau, Abdel Saed, Isobel Pilkington, Devaraj M Navaratnam, Neil A Ryan, Hooman Soleymani Majd, Lamiese Ismail, Hemina B Shah, Akib M Khan, Paul C Nankivell, Waleed Fayez Ali Fahmy, Robert W Tyler, Leandro Siragusa, Syed S Mannan, Giorgio Bogani, Jibran Abbasy, Piergiorgio Solli, Nadine Di Donato, Josh R Burke, Abdul Hakeem, Firas Aljanadi, Alexander J Baldwin, Mohamed Bekheit, Peter P Bobak, Matyas Fehervari, Fabio Barra, Mohamed A Thaha, Nadir Syed, James B Olivier, Khaled A K Mohammed, Kate J Williams, Tatiana Martin, Aman S Coonar, Michael W S Ho, Mark W Yao, Alexandros Konstantinos Charalabopoulos, Porfyrios G Korompelis, Kay Anne Mak, Abdelrahman AA Elsayed, Eve R Hawley, Ahmed Y Azzam, Alan JB Kirk, Ahmed E Sherif, Mostafa K.A Hussein, James A Blair, Yirupaiahgari KS Viswanath, Simon J Cole, Dheeraj S Attarde, Anna Y Allan, Ioannis N Gerogiannis, Shiva Dindyal, Muhammad H Siddique, Saidah Sahid, Jonathan J Neville, David N Naumann, Matthew H V Byrne, Sean MA Garcia, Ali Yasen Y Mohamedahmed, Alan A Askari, Joerg M Pollok, Hani J Marcus, Kapil Sahnan, Mohamed A Thaha, Qamar Mustafa, Ruben P Thumbadoo, Angelos G Kolias, Ketan Agarwal, Sean Khedar Ramcharan, Mehran Lashari, Mostafa EA Abdelkarim, Toby M Noton, Bilal H Kirmani, Robert D J Whitham, Sofia Anastasiadou, Rute S S Castelhano, Sanad Saad, Gakul Dr Bhatta, Chetan D Parmar, Antonio Leyte Golpe, Rucira Ooi, Emily C M McKenzie, Kenneth N Linton, Khalid M Bhatti, Shyama S Chadha, Liam N Phelan, Alvaro Bedoya Ronga, Vladislav Kutuzov, Mohammed Jibreel Mohammed, Sharan H Sambhwani, Catrin Sohrabi, Raghavan Vidya, Jaskiran K Gill, Lisa S Rampersad, Bincy Merin Zacharia, Waheeb A K Al-Azzani, Omar Pathmanaban N Pathmanaban, Rachel Sarah Olive, Fahad S Hossain, Jessica Harvey, Naren K Kumaran, Annamaria Minicozzi, Andrew Neil Wheelton, Victoria A Evans, Andrew D Beggs, Omar M Ismail, Chandra Shekhar Biyani, Shaikh S Seraj, Mohammed Deputy, Eltayeb B E Shammeseldin, Wafi Mohammed W M Mohammed, Mohamed Onsa, Yizhe Lim, Ahmad Riyadh Abdulsaheb Al-Shaye, Mujahid Gasemelseed Fadlallah, Hash Al-Musawi, Umar B J Yousuf, Safia Zahir Ahmed, Alexandros Laios, Aliabbas Moosa, Zoe Li, Peter J Hutchinson, Abdalla Hassan Abdalla Hassan, Shreya M Kulkarni, Shihab A Chowdhury, Ahmed Y Ammar, Tarig Hassan Ahmed, Raimundas A Lunevicius, Dimitrios Angelou, Edward J Caruana, Panna K Patel, Stephen J Bromage, Panagiotis Kapsampelis, Khaled M Sarraf, Antonios Nicolaos Athanasiou, Jai Relwani, James E Tomlinson, Amarkumar D Rajgor, Pedram Panahi, Rachael V Collins.znad033_Supplementary_DataClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "AZD7442 is a combination of two half-life extended monoclonal antibodies, tixagevimab and cilgavimab. A population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model for AZD7442 included interim data from phase 3 trials in pre-exposure prophylaxis , post-exposure prophylaxis (STORMCHASER), and treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 (TACKLE) in adults. This popPK model facilitated inclusion of adolescents in the AZD7442 label, the decision to increase the recommended PreP dose of AZD7442 in response to evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants, and selection of doses for a pediatric study (TRUST). Upon completion of the adult phase 3 studies, the popPK model was updated to include data from eight studies.The final popPK analysis included 4940 adult participants from North and South America, Europe, and Asia. To predict the PK of AZD7442 in pediatric patients, the effect of post-menstrual age on clearance was incorporated into the model.The PK of AZD7442, tixagevimab, and cilgavimab were very similar and dose-proportional. PopPK analyses found no difference in AZD7442 PK between PreP and treatment . The final AZD7442, tixagevimab, and cilgavimab models included body weight, sex, age, BMI, Black race, and site of intramuscular administration as covariates; none of these were clinically relevant nor required dose adjustment. When interim TRUST (pediatric) data became available, popPK predictions were compared to observed serum PK data . Good agreement was observed, confirming appropriateness of dosing adolescents \u226540kg with the same dosing regimen as adults, and adequate characterization of AZD7442 PK in pediatric participants. Safety data from TRUST and adult studies were comparable.The PK of AZD7442, cilgavimab, and tixagevimab are comparable and follow linear kinetics with an extended half-life, allowing for prolonged duration of protection. AZD7442 PK is comparable across indications and between adults and pediatric populations. PopPK analyses facilitated rapid decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic, including accelerating access to AZD7442 by adolescent patients ahead of the availability of pediatric clinical data.Lindsay E. Clegg, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Oleg Stepanov, MS, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Henning Schmidt, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employed by IntiQuan, which received payment from AstraZeneca for work involved in this analysis Ventakesh Pilla Reddy, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Weifeng Tang, MD, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Michael Gibbs, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Sangeeta Sedani, MSc, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Antonella Nadia Tuillio, MD, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Sam Sadow, MA, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Nuria Martinez-Alier, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Employement|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Taylor Cohen, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employement|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Saul N. Faust, FRCPCH PhD, AstraZeneca, Janssen, Pfizer, Moderna, GlaxoSmithKline, Novavax, Sanofi, Seqirus, Medimmune, Merck, MSD, Iliad and Valneva: Advisor/Consultant|AstraZeneca, Janssen, Pfizer, Moderna, GlaxoSmithKline, Novavax, Sanofi, Seqirus, Medimmune, Merck, MSD, Iliad and Valneva: Investigator Mark T. Esser, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds Mats N\u00e5g\u00e5rd, PhD, AstraZeneca: Employee|AstraZeneca: Stocks/Bonds"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-43267-8, published online 26 September 2023Correction to: In the original version of this Article Hanan B. Ahmed was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Dyeing, Printing and Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research and Technology Institute, National Research Centre, 33 EL Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below.Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo 11795, EgyptThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction: BMC Neurol 22, 186 (2022)10.1186/s12883-022-02707-0Following publication of the original article , an erroThe updated conclusion is given below and the changes have been highlighted in bold.Authors\u2019 contributionsLP, RC and KG designed and conceptualized the study; AD, LP, MM, TK, IK, BP and KG acquired data; AD, LP, MM, TK, IK, BP, RF, RC and KG analyzed data; RF, LP and KG conducted the statistical analysis, AD, LP and KG drafted the manuscript for intellectual content; AD, LP, MM, TK, IK, KL, SP, HUK, BP, RM, BP, RF, MM, RC and KG revised the manuscript for intellectual content. The author(s) read and approved the final manuscript.AD, The original article  has been"}
+{"text": "Regenerative Biomaterials, Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2021, rbab045, https://doi.org/10.1093/rb/rbab045This is a correction to: Dingsu Bao, Jiacheng Sun, Min Gong, Jie Shi, Bo Qin, Kai Deng, Gang Liu, Shengqiang Zeng, Zhou Xiang, Shijie Fu, Combination of graphene oxide and platelet-rich plasma improves tendon\u2013bone healing in a rabbit model of supraspinatus tendon reconstruction, In the article titled \u201cCombination of graphene oxide and platelet-rich plasma improves tendon-bone healing in a rabbit model of supraspinatus tendon reconstruction\u201d, we notice this following error:(i) The image in The corrected figure is shown herein."}
+{"text": "Wasmannia auropunctata, commonly known as the electric ant or little fire ant. Because viruses can be effective biological control agents against many insect pests, including ants, a metagenomics/next-generation sequencing approach was used to facilitate discovery of virus sequences from the transcriptomes of W. auropunctata. Five new and complete positive sense, single-stranded RNA virus genomes, and one new negative sense, single-stranded RNA virus genome were identified, sequenced, and characterized from W. auropunctata collected in Argentina by this approach, including a dicistrovirus (Electric ant dicistrovirus), two polycipiviruses , a solinvivirus (Electric ant solinvivirus), a divergent genome with similarity to an unclassified group in the Picornavirales (Electric ant virus 1), and a rhabdovirus (Electric ant rhabdovirus). An additional virus genome was detected that is likely Solenopsis invicta virus 10 (MH727527). The virus genome sequences were absent from the transcriptomes of W. auropunctata collected in the USA (Hawaii and Florida). Additional limited field surveys corroborated the absence of these viruses in regions where the electric ant is invasive . The replicative genome strand of four of the viruses  was detected in Argentinean-collected W. auropunctata indicating that the ant is a host for these viruses. These are the first virus discoveries to be made from W. auropunctata.Despite being one of the most destructive invasive species of ants, only two natural enemies are known currently for The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11262-023-01969-1. Wasmannia auropunctata  is an invasive myrmicine tramp ant species native to Central and South America that is now well established throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, including the USA  ) indicative of helicase function and an RdRp motif characteristic of viruses in this order . Key to virus abbreviations, family, and accession numbers: AhV, Atkinsonella hypxylon virus, Partitivirdae, L39126; ALSV, Apple latent spherical virus, Secoviridae, NC030941.1; ANV, avian nephritis virus, Astroviridae, AB033998; APV, Acyrthosiphon pisum virus, Unassigned, NC003780.1; BaYMV, Barley yellow mosaic virus, Potyviridae, NC002990; BBWV 1, Broad bean wilt virus 1, Secoviridae, NC005289.1; BDRC, Bryopsis cinicola chloroplast replicon, Unclassified; BDRM, Bryopsis mitochondria-associated dsRNA; BWYV, Beet western yellows virus, Solemoviridae, NC004756; CHV1, Cryphonectria hypovirus 1, Hypoviridae, NC001492; CHV2, Cryphonectria hypovirus 2, Hypoviridae, NC003534; CHV3, Cryphonectria hypovirus 3, Hypoviridae, NC000960; CHV4, Cryphonectria hypovirus 4, NC006431; CPMV, Cowpea mosaic virus, Secoviridae/Comovirinae, NC003549.1; CPV, Cryptosporidium parvum virus-1, Partiviridae, GCA002868475; CRLV, Cherry rasp leaf virus, Secoviridae, NC006271.1;CrPV, Cricket paralysis virus, Dicistroviridae, NC003924.1; CtRLV, Carrot red leaf virus, Solemoviridae, NC006265; DCV, Drosophila C virus, Dicistroviridae, NC001834.1; DWV, Deformed wing virus, Iflaviridae, NC004830.2; EADS, Electric ant dicistrovirus, Dicistroviridae, OP518023; EAPV1, Electric ant polycipivirus 1, Polycipiviridae, OP518021; EAPV2, Electric ant polycipivirus 2, Polycipiviridae, OP518022; EASV, Electric ant solinvivirus, Solinviviridae, OP518024; EAV1, Electric ant virus 1, Unclassified, OP518025; EMCV, encephalomyocarditis virus, Picornaviridae, NC001479; FCCV, Fragaria chiloensis cryptic virus, Partitiviridae, NC009519; FCV, Feline calicivirus, Caliciviridae, GCA008767155; FGMV, Fusarium graminearum mycovirus, Unassigned, LC006128; FHV, felid herpesvirus 1, Nodaviridae, NC013590; FMDV, Foot-and-mouth disease virus, Picornaviridae, GCA008799075; GFLV, Grapevine fanleaf virus, Secoviridae/Comovirinae, NC003615.1; GGNNV, Greasy grouper nervous necrosis virus, Nodaviridae, AF318942; GLV, Giardia lamblia virus, Totiviridae, NC003555; HaRNAV, Heterosigma akashiwo RNA virus, Marnaviridae, NC005281.1; HAstV1, human astrovirus 1, Astroviridae, Z25771; HAV, Hepatitis A virus, Picornaviridae, KT229611; HcRNAV, Heterocapsa circularisquama RNA virus, Unclassified, NC007518; HRV1A, Heterocapsa circularisquama RNA virus, Picornaviridae, NC007518; IFV, infectious flacherie virus, NC003781.1; JP A, marine RNA virus JP-A, Unassigned, NC009757.1; JP B, Marine RNA virus JP-B, Unassigned, NC009758.1; KFV, Kelp fly virus, Unassigned, NC007619.1; LRV1, Leishmania RNA virus 1, Totiviridae, NC003601; LTSV, Lucerne transient streak virus, Solemoviridae, GCA000861405; MBV, Mushroom bacilliform virus, Barnaviridae, NC001633; NoV, Nodamura virus, GCA000847805; NrV, Neckar River virus, Unassigned, NC038927.1; NwV, Newbury virus, Caliciviridae, GCA000851625; OAstV1, ovine astrovirus 1, Astroviridae, Y15937, SmVB, Sclerophtora macrospora virus A, Unclassified, Go0081047; OPV, Ophiostoma partitivirus 1, Partitiviridae, NC038918; PLRV, Potato leafroll virus, GCA021461725; PnPV, Perina nuda virus, Iflaviridae, NC003113.1; PYFV, Parsnip yellow fleck virus, Secoviridae, NC003628.1; RasR1, Raphanus sativus cryptic virus 2, Partitiviridae, NC010343; RHDV, Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, Caliciviridae, NC001543; RiPV, Riptortus pedestris virus 1, Unassigned, NC031750.1; RsRNAV01, Rhizosolenia setigera RNA virus 01, Unassigned, NC018613.1; RTSV, Rice tungro spherical virus, Secoviridae, NC001632.1; SBMV, Southern bean mosaic virus, Solemoviridae, GCA000860745; SCPMV, Southern cowpea mosaic virus, Solemoviridae, NC001625; ScVL A, Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus L-A, Totiviridae, NC003745; SDV, satsuma dwarf virus-S58, Secoviridae, AB009958; SINV10 in EA, Solenopsis invicta virus 10 in electric ant, Unassigned, OP518026; SJNNV, striped jack nervous necrosis virus, Nodaviridae, NC003448; SmVA, Sclerophtora macrospora virus A, Unclassified, AB083060; SPMMV, sweet potato mild mottle virus, Potyviridae, NC003797; SssRNAV, Aurantiochytrium single-stranded RNA virus 01, Unassigned, NC007522.1; SV, Sapporo virus, Caliciviridae, GCA000849945; TAstV1, Astroviridae, Y15936; TEV, Tobacco etch virus, Potyviridae, NC001555; TRSV, Tobacco ringspot virus, Secoviridae/Comovirinae, NC005096.1; TrV, Triatomoa virus, Dicistroviridae, NC003783.1; TSV, Taura syndrome virus, Dicistroviridae, NC003005.1; TVV, Trichomonas vaginalis virus, Totiviridae, NC003824; WSMV, Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus, Potyviridae, NC001886. Supplementary file1 (TIF 1377 KB)Supplementary Figure 2. Mapping of RNA-Seq reads from four groups of electric ant samples collected in Argentina  to seven virus genomes. The X-axis presents virus genome length in kilobases (kb) and the Y-axis represents sequencing coverage. Arrows indicate libraries with genome-wide sequencing coverage.Supplementary file2 (TIF 2911 KB)Supplementary file3 (DOCX 23 KB)Supplementary file4 (DOCX 42 KB)Supplementary file5 (DOCX 15 KB)Supplementary file6 (DOCX 23 KB)Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material."}
+{"text": "Journal of Burn Care & Research, Volume 44, Issue Supplement_2, May/June 2023, Page S140, https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irad045.197This is a correction to: Kathryn King-Shier, RN, PhD, FESC and others, 723 Provincial Burn Mass Casualty Incident Planning: Preliminary Results, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the incorrect author information was provided. The correct order of the authors of this abstract is as follows: Danielle Fuchko, RN BN, Kathryn King-Shier, RN PhD, Vincent Gabriel, MD FRCPCThis error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Retraction Note: BMC Cancer 18, 641 (2018)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-4559-3The Editor has retracted this article. After publication, concerns were raised about the apparent overlap between panels H1975/shNC and H1993/shNC in Fig.\u00a02D. The authors sent raw data on request, where additional irregularities have been found, and the images for Fig.\u00a02D were different. The authors did not provide a sufficient explanation of the irregularities. The Editor has, therefore, lost confidence in the integrity of the findings. Xue Hou, Haoxian Yang and Li Zhang agree to this retraction. The Editor has been unable to obtain the current email addresses for Run Gong, Jianhua Zhan, Ting Zhou, Yuxiang Ma, Yuanyuan Zhao, Yaxiong Zhang, Gang Chen, Zhonghan Zhang, Shuxiang Ma, Xi Chen, Fangfang Gao, Shaodong Hong, Fan Luo, Wenfeng Fang, Yunpeng Yang, Yan Huang, and Likun Chen."}
+{"text": "In the above published articleGabriel Birgand, Caroline Landelle, James R. Price, Nico T. Mutters, Daniel J. Morgan, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Solen Kerneis and Walter Zingg"}
+{"text": "We also studied the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in people with coexistent HF and PAD.While it is well established that peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with worsening major adverse cardiovascular events and major adverse limb events,2), and a higher proportion of albuminuria . With respect to background therapies, patients in both groups had similar rates of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers/angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor (82.1% versus 83.7%) and \u03b2-blocker (90.5% versus 89.4%) use; however, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist use was lower in the PAD group (43.1% versus 51.2%). Use of other antihypertensives including calcium channel blockers and renin inhibitors (30.1% versus 20.9%), lipid-lowering medications (86.0% versus 69.1%), and antiplatelet therapies (64.7% versus 48.3%) were higher among patients with PAD.In EMPEROR-Pooled (n=9718), a total of 821 (8.4%) patients had PAD  and 8897 patients did not (3469 in EMPEROR-Reduced and 5428 in EMPEROR-Preserved). Patients with PAD were more likely to be men (70.5% versus 62.6%), White (83.9% versus 72.9%), and older (72.2\u00b18.3 versus 69.7\u00b110.5 years). Patients with PAD were more symptomatic  and were more likely to have ischemic HF (60.5% versus 39.9%), be previous/current smokers (65.0% versus 48.8%), as well as have diabetes (65.2% versus 47.9%), hypertension (90.6% versus 82.9%), and hypercholesterolemia (84.8% versus 62.9%). Left ventricular ejection fraction was similar in patients with and without PAD (45.6\u00b114.5% versus 43.9\u00b115.3%). Patients with PAD had higher systolic blood pressure (131.1\u00b117.1 versus 127.8\u00b116.3 mm\u2009Hg), lower eGFR . Renal outcomes, including slope of eGFR and the composite renal end point, were similar in both PAD and no-PAD patients randomized to placebo in the EMPEROR-Pooled, EMPEROR-Reduced, and EMPEROR-Preserved populations (not shown).In the pooled analyses, patients randomized to placebo with a history of PAD had an elevated risk of HF outcomes and mortality compared with people without PAD. Specifically, the hazard ratios for total hospitalizations for HF (HHF), cardiovascular death, all-cause mortality, and the composite of cardiovascular death and time to first HHF were higher in people with PAD . Since patients with PAD were at higher absolute risk, the associated absolute risk reductions for total HHF events was 6.0% amongst patients with PAD and 3.2% amongst those without PAD. The efficacy of empagliflozin was consistent across all other cardiovascular outcomes and concordant in both the EMPEROR-Reduced and EMPEROR-Preserved populations individually. In terms of patient-reported outcomes, empagliflozin increased the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire clinical summary scores by a similar magnitude irrespective of PAD status .The efficacy of empagliflozin on cardiorenal outcomes in EMPEROR-Pooled was consistent regardless of PAD history  . Rates of lower limb amputations were higher in people with PAD; however, rates were comparable in empagliflozin- versus placebo-treated patients .5 were similar. These data underscore an important and previously underappreciated association of PAD with HF events.In this large, contemporary cohort of patients with HF (with either reduced or preserved ejection fraction), we report a significantly elevated risk of HF outcomes among patients with PAD compared with those without PAD, including a \u224850% increase in total HHF and \u224840% increase in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. While empagliflozin was efficacious in both populations, people with PAD had a higher absolute risk reduction on total HHF events compared with those without PAD. There was no excess in adverse events with empagliflozin in people with PAD, and specifically rates of lower limb amputations, which have been a previous concern with canagliflozin,https://vivli.org/ link to request access to study data and visit https://www.mystudywindow.com/msw/datasharing for further information.To ensure independent interpretation of clinical study results and enable authors to fulfill their role and obligations under the ICMJE  criteria, Boehringer Ingelheim grants all external authors access to relevant clinical study data. In adherence with the Boehringer Ingelheim Policy on Transparency and Publication of Clinical Study Data, scientific and medical researchers can request access to clinical study data after publication of the primary manuscript and secondary analyses in peer-reviewed journals and regulatory and reimbursement activities are completed, normally within 1 year after the marketing application has been granted by major regulatory authorities. Researchers should use the The authors meet criteria for authorship as recommended by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.This study was supported by the Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly and Company Diabetes Alliance.S. Verma holds a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Cardiovascular Surgery and reports receiving research grants and speaking honoraria from Amarin, Amgen, AstraZeneca (AZ), Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim (BI), Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), Eli Lilly, EOCI Pharmacomm, Ltd, HLS Therapeutics, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk (NN), Sanofi, Sun Pharmaceuticals, PhaseBio, and the Toronto Knowledge Translation Working Group. He is a member of the Scientific Excellence Committee of the EMPEROR-Reduced trial and served as a national lead investigator of the DAPA-HF and EMPEROR-Reduced trials. The salary of M.P. Bonaca is partially supported through funds from CPC\u2014a nonprofit academic research organization affiliated with the University of Colorado that receives research grant/consulting funding from Abbott, Agios, Alexion Pharma, Alnylam, Amgen, Angionetics, ARCA Biopharma, Array, AZ, Atentiv, Audentes, Bayer, Better Therapeutics, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, BMS, Cardiol Therapeutics, CellResearch, Cook Medical, Cook, CSL Behring, Eidos Therapeutics, EP Trading Co, Esperion Therapeutics, EverlyWell, Faraday, Fortress Biotech, HDL Therapeutics, Heartflow, Hummingbird Bioscience, Insmed, Janssen, Kowa Research, Lexicon, Merck, Medtronic, Moderna, Novate Medical, NN, Pfizer, PhaseBio, PPD Development, Prairie Education and Research, Prothena Biosciences, Regeneron, Regio Biosciences, Sanifit Therapeutics, Sanofi, Smith and Nephew, Stealth BioTherapeutics, University of Colorado, Worldwide Clinical Trials, Wraser, and Yale Cardiovascular Research Group. He also reports stock in Medtronic and Pfizer and consulting fees from Audentes. J. Butler reports research support from the National Institutes of Health, Patient Centered Outcomes Research, and the European Union. He serves on the speakers\u2019 bureau for Novartis, Janssen, and NN. He serves as a consultant and serves on the Steering Committee, Clinical Events Committee, or data safety monitoring boards for Abbott, Adrenomed, Amgen, Array, AZ, Bayer, Berlin-Cures, BI, BMS, Cardiocell, CVRx, G3 Pharmaceutical, Innolife, Janssen, Lantheus, LinaNova, Luitpold, Medscape, Medtronic, Merck, Novartis, NN, Relypsa, Roche, Sanofi, Stealth-Peptide, SC Pharma, V-Wave, Ltd, Vifor, and ZS Pharma. S.D. Anker reports grants and personal fees from Vifor International and Abbott Vascular and personal fees from AZ, Bayer, Brahms, BI, Cardiac Dimensions, Novartis, Occlutech, Servier, and Vifor International. J. Pedro Ferreira is a consultant for BI. G. Filippatos reports lecture fees and committee member contributions in trials sponsored by Bayer, Medtronic, Vifor, Servier, Novartis, Amgen, and BI and research support from the European Union. J.L. Januzzi is a Trustee of the American College of Cardiology; a board member of Imbria Pharmaceuticals; has received grant support from Applied Therapeutics, Innolife, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, and Abbott Diagnostics; has received consulting income from Abbott, Janssen, Novartis, and Roche Diagnostics; and participates in clinical end point committees/data safety monitoring boards for Abbott, AbbVie, Amgen, Bayer, CVRx, Janssen, MyoKardia, and Takeda. C.S.P. Lam reports research support from Bayer, NN, and Roche Diagnostics; fees as consultant or on the Advisory Board/Steering Committee/Executive Committee for Actelion, Alleviant Medical, Allysta Pharma, Amgen, AnaCardio AB, Applied Therapeutics, AZ, Bayer, BI, Boston Scientific, Cytokinetics, Darma, Inc, EchoNous, Inc, Eli Lilly, Impulse Dynamics, Intellia Therapeutics, Ionis Pharmaceutical, Janssen Research and Development LLC, Medscape/WebMD Global LLC, Merck, Novartis, NN, Prosciento, Inc, Radcliffe Group, Ltd, Recardio, Inc, ReCor Medical, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, and Us2.ai; and position as cofounder and nonexecutive director at Us2.ai. N. Sattar reports personal fees from Abbott Laboratories, Afimmune, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Hanmi Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, NN, Pfizer, and Sanofi and grants and personal fees from AZ, BI, Novartis, and Roche Diagnostics. T. Iwata, M. Nordaby, and M. Brueckmann are employees of BI. S.J. Pocock is a consultant for BI. M. Packer reports personal fees from Abbvie, Actavis, Amarin, Amgen, AZ, BI, Caladrius, Casana, CSL Behring, Cytokinetics, Imara, Lilly, Moderna, Novartis, Reata, Relypsa, and Salamandra. The other authors report no conflicts."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-023-34716-5, published online 05 June 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the names of the authors Matheus Araujo, Samer Ghosn, Lu Wang, Nengah Hariadi, Samantha Wells, Carl Y. Saab & Reena Mehra, which were incorrectly given as Araujo Matheus, Ghosn Samer, Wang Lu, Hariadi Nengah, Wells Samantha, Saab Y. Carl & Mehra Reena.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The authors would like to add Dr. LindaValmorriat to the authors' list. Thus, the authors' list will be:Laura Ridolfi, Massimiliano Petrini, Laura Fiammenghi, AnnaMaria Granato,Valentina Ancarani, Elena Pancisi, Emanuela Scarpi, Massimo Guidoboni,Giuseppe Migliori, Stefano Sanna, Francesca Tauceri, Giorgio Maria Verdecchia,Angela Riccobon, Linda Valmorriat, and Ruggero Ridolfi."}
+{"text": "Rhopalopsole. The new species is named R. tricuspis Qian and Du, sp. nov. A redescription of R. basinigra Yang and Yang 1995 is supplemented. A key is provided for the adult males of Leuctridae from the Qinling Mountains.Plecopteran species (Leuctridae) were collected from the Qinling Mountains in southern Shaanxi Province, China. This mountain range is home to nine species of Leuctridae belonging to two genera, and the species identified in this work include one new species and three new records for the Qinling Mountains, all belonging to the genus  Leuctridae is one of the families of Plecoptera distributed in the Nearctic, Palearctic, and Oriental Regions, established by Klapalek in 1905. Due to their small size and general absence from light traps, the number of known Chinese leuctrids is far less than in other regions. Thus far, eight leuctrid species have been recorded from China by early workers such as Klapalek (1912), Chu , Wu 193, 1949, C2 . Tergum 10 with posterior notch, cerci with a small bulge on dorsal arm1. Anal field of hind-wing large. Presternum of prothorax partially separated from basisternum Rhopalopsole)Anal field of hind-wing very small. Presternum of prothorax completely separated from basisternum : Illies, 1966,Das Tierreich 82: 118.Paraleuctra orientalis (Chu): Paraleuctra orientalis (Chu): Paraleuctra orientalis (Chu): Paraleuctra orientalis (Chu): Material examined. 1 \u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Mt. Tiantai, Source of Jialing River, 1750 m, 10 June 1998, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou. 1 \u2640, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Zhouzhi County, Houzhenzi, Hougou, 1300 m, 26 May 1995, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou. 4 \u2640\u2640, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Railway Station of Qinling, 16 May 1995, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou.Remarks.Paraleuctra orientalis (P. cercia (Okamoto 1922). They have deeply forked cerci with long ventral arms; paraproct without an expansion, male subgenital plate with a deeply excavated hind margin and the female subgenital plate is strongly sclerotized and divided in the middle of the hind margin. We also have found a small projection on the ventral arm of the cerci.ientalis . Our exaRhopalopsole basinigra Yang and Yang, 1995 (new record) Rhopalopsole basinigra Yang and Yang, 1995, Plecoptera: Leuctridae. In: Insects and Macrofungi of Gutianshan, Zhejiang, 20.Rhopalopsole basinigra Yang and Yang, 1995, Plecoptera: Perlidae. In: Insects of Baishanzu Mountain, Eastern China, 61.Rhopalopsole basinigra Yang and Yang: Material examined. 3 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Mt. Tiantai, Source of Jialing River, 1800 m, 10 June 1998, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou. 23 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Zhouzhi County, Hougou, Houzhenzi, 500 m, 24\u201326 May 1995, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou. 1 \u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Railway Station of Qinling, 15 May 1995, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou.Adult habitus. Head dark brown, wider than prothorax, three ocelli, hind ocelli much closer to the eyes than to each other, antennae yellowish brown, palpi light brown. Prothorax light brown, quadrate, longer than wide, angles rounded and some brown stripes on it. Legs light brown. Wings hyaline, veins light brown.Male. Body length 6.0 mm, length of forewing 5 mm. Ventral lamella on tergum 9 rounded  did not describe in detail R. basinigra. We checked the types of R. basinigra in the Insect Collection of Beijing Agricultural University. It has a ridge that juts out before the mid-posterior margin of tergum 9; with long lateral processes reaching beyond the mid-line of tergum 10; apex of epiproct flattened, with a trilobed tip and a downcast spine in the middle lobe at a short distance to the tip. Epiproct of some species like in Rhopalopsole emeishanMaterial examined. 14 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Huoditang, 5 Jun. 1998, Leg. John C. Morse and Du Yu-Zhou. 11 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Mt. Tiantai, Source of Jialing River, 1800 m, 10 June 1998, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou.Remarks. Recently described species from Sichuan Province, China. Epiproct curved hook-like, its tip narrowing and turned forward. Distal ends of cerci with a little macula.Rhopalopsole furcataRhopalopsole furcata Yang and Yang: Rhopalopsole furcata Yang and Yang: Material examined. 10 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Mt. Tiantai, Source of Jialing River, 1800 m, 9 June 1998, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou. 2 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Zhouzhi County, Angou, Houzhenzi, 1250 m, 2 June 1998, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou.Remarks. We checked the types of R. furcata and R. sinensis Yang and Yang 1995, deposited in the Insect Collection of China Agricultural University, R. furcospina , 1400 m, 8 June 1998, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou.Remarks. Recently described species from Sichuan Province, China.Rhopalopsole jialingensisMaterial examined. 39 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Mt. Tiantai, Source of Jialing River, 1750\u20131800 m, 8\u201310 June 1998, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou. 4 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Zhouzhi County, Houzhenzi, Hougou, 1300 m, 3 June 1995, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou.Remarks. Recently described species from Shaanxi Province, China.Rhopalopsole qinlingaet al., Scopolia 64: 77.Material examined. 3 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Liuba County, Miaotaizi (Zhangliang Temple), 1400 m, 8 June 1998, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou.Remarks. Recently described species from Shaanxi Province, China.Rhopalopsole shaanxiensisMaterial examined. 11 \u2642\u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Huoditang, 5 June 1998, Leg. Du Yu-Zhou. 3 \u2642\u2642 , same data, Leg. John C. Morse. 6 \u2642\u2642, same data, Leg. Sun Chang-Hai and Yang Lian-Fang. 1 \u2642, same data, Leg. Ma Yun.Remarks. Recently described species from Shaanxi Province, China.Material examined. Holotype \u2642, China: Shaanxi Province, Qinling Mountain Range, Liuba County, Miaotaizi (Zhangliang Temple), 1400 m, 8 June 1998, Leg. Du YuZhou. Paratype 5 \u2642\u2642, same data as holotype. All type material deposited in the Insect Collection of Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China.Adult habitus. Head brown, wider than prothorax, three ocelli and hind ocelli much closer to the eyes than to each other, antennae and palpi light brown. Prothorax light brown, subquadrate, angles rounded and some faintly brown stripes on it. Legs light brown. Wings hyaline, veins light brown.Male. Body length 5.0 mm, forewing length 5.5 mm. On tergum 9, the ventral lamella somewhat large and rounded ( rounded , a scler rounded , two sma rounded . Tergum  rounded . Postero rounded . Epiproc rounded , an L-li rounded . Subanal rounded  separate rounded . Cerci s rounded .Female. Unknown.Etymology. The species name is derived from the shape of the epiproct in dorsal view.Remarks. This new species seems similar to R. shaanxiensis group (R. qinlingaR. qinlinga by the outline of tergum 9, epiproct distal ends and subanal lobe. In R. qinlinga, no ridge juts out before the mid-posterior margin of tergum 9, epiproct distal ends blunt rounded and no split, subanal lobes separated into a basal lobe and an upper distal lobes in ventral view, each with strong dark sclerotized stripes on it.is group . It seem"}
+{"text": "AbstractSymmorphus Wesmael from China. We also provide a key to these species. Three new species are described and illustrated, namely Symmorphus (Symmorphus) tianchiensis Li & Chen, sp. n., S. (S.) cavatus Li & Chen, sp. n., and S. (S.) nigriclypeus Li & Chen, sp. n. The following four species are newly recorded from China: Symmorphus (S.) fuscipes (Herrich-Schaeffer), S. (S.) lucens (Kostylev), S. (S.) sublaevis Kostylev, and S. (S.) violaceipennis Giordani Soika. In addition, we map the species geographical distributions in China of these 19 species. Type specimens of these three new species are deposited in Chongqing Normal University and Yunnan Agricultural University.In this study, we recognize and review a total of 19 species of the genus  Symmorphus Wesmael contains 44 species with two subspecies, and is distributed in the Palearctic, Oriental, Nearctic regions and the northernmost Neotropical region. These species are usually slender and easily recognized by the combination of the following characters: mesoscutum with well-developed notaulices; metasomal tergum 1 distinctly narrower than tergum 2, but not petiolate, with a basal transverse carina and a median longitudinal furrow; and antennal apex in male simple, not forming a recurved hook. The known species of the genus were described or revised in detail by Symmorphus is absent. Twelve species were already recorded from China  and Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming (YNAU), respectively. Descriptions and measurements were made under a stereomicroscope (Nikon SMZ1500), and all figures were taken with a stereomicroscope (LEICA EZ4HD) attached to a computer using Leica Application Suite version 2.1.0 software. The ratios used throughout the descriptions were measured in the same amplifying multiple of stereomicroscope. All measurements were taken as the maximal length of body parts measured. Body length was measured from the anterior margin of head to the posterior margin of metasomal tergum 2. For the density description of punctures, the phrase widely spaced means that the intervals between are larger than diameter, moderately spaced means equal to diameter, and whereas closedly spaced means less than diameter. The abbreviations used in the text are shown as follows: PageBreakWesmael, 1836SymmorphusOdynerus Latreille;  Wesmael, 1836: 45, subgenus of Odynerus elegans Wesmael, 1833, designated by Li & Chensp. n.http://zoobank.org/FCA23B0A-F2DB-499B-B1B6-15D75C34CBABhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_tianchiensis25\u00b052'13.05\"N, 99\u00b017'14.33\"E, 2579 m, 9.VII.2011, Tingjing Li, No. 1001516 (CQNU); Paratypes: 1\u26401\u2642, the same as holotype, Nos. 1001524, 1001517 (CQNU); 1\u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Nujiang City, Lanping County, Jinding Town, Xinshengqiao National Forest Park, 26\u00b026'56.36\"N, 99\u00b023'04.69\"E, 2412 m, 12. VII.2011, Tingjing Li, No. 1004036 (CQNU).Holotype. \u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Dali City, Yunlong County, Tianchi National Nature Reserve, Female : body leHead. Clypeus sparsely punctate-puncticulate to foveolate-puncticulate, apex broadly and moderately emarginated, evenly convex, with apical teeth, and slightly reflexed anteriorly ; frons aPageBreakmesepimeron sparsely foveolate, space between punctures smooth and polish, ventral mesepimeron dull, and coarsely alutaceous. Metanotum foveolate-puncticulate dorsally, obscurely puncticulate ventrally, metanotum nearly vertical, dorsal surface narrow. Propodeal dorsum and posterior face coarse, areolate-rugose, propodeal superior shelf moderately long , lateral face of propodeum striately rugose ventrally, areolate-rugose dorsally, propodeal submedian carina present ventrally, faint and irregular dorsally .Symmorphus (Symmorphus) sichuanensis by S1 without basal carina, T1 with transverse carina laterally faint to obsolete, and mesepisternum with epicnemial carina dorsally obsolete; but can be easily distinguished from the similar species and other members of the genus by the combination of the following characters: body moderately long; in both female and male, dorsal pronotal spot orange-red .Holotype. \u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Xishuangbanna, Jinghong City, Jinuo mountain, Female : body leHead. Clypeus moderately punctate-puncticulate to foveolate-puncticulate, punctures sparse medioapically, space between punctures smooth and polish; clypeal apex truncated, clypeus evenly convex, without apical teeth . Frons aPageBreakPageBreakpropodeal superior shelf short, 2 times trans-scutal sulcus; propodeal submedian carina entirely absent, propodeal valvula short posteriorly, fused distally to posterior margin; propodeal orifice small and indistinct.Mesosoma. Pronotum, except anterior face, foveolate-puncticulate, with major punctures closely spaced, more or less costate laterally; anterior face distinctly imbricate; pronotal carina dorsally obsolete; humeral angle slightly projected. Mesoscutum foveolate-puncticulate, major punctures closely spaced anteriorly and posteriorly, widely spaced laterally; notaulus complete; epicnemial carina complete; pseudosternum anterior margin without high reflexed margin. Mesoscutellum foveolate-puncticulate, major punctures closely spaced, with shallowly medial furrow. Mesepisternum with complete epicnemial carina , dorsallMetasoma. Metasomal tergum 1 with postcarinal area foveolate-puncticulate, major punctures densely spaced, postcarinal length short, postcarinal length/apical width=0.68, carinal width/apical width=0.85, postcarinal sides barely convergent toward base, transverse carina complete, longitudinal furrow narrowly and shallowly depressed, with deeper narrow medial sulcus, apical margin indistinctly depressed ; S1 rugoMale. Unknown.Symmorphus by the combination of the following characters: propodeal posterior face deeply hollowed .cavatus (= hollow), which refers to propodeal posterior face of the species deeply hollowed.The specific name is the Latin Li & Chensp. n.http://zoobank.org/C5EFD701-81FE-44EA-B533-E1531BA283FDhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_nigriclypeus29\u00b071'N, 95\u00b063'E, 3026 m, 13.VII.2013, Yong Zhou, No. 1004038 (CQNU).Holotype. \u2642, China, Tibet, Nyingchi, Medog County, Male : body leHead. Clypeus moderately punctate-puncticulate, clypeal apex deeply emarginated and with acute apical toothed laterally . Frons pPageBreakpunctures evenly and closely spaced; anterior face obscurely imbricate; pronotal carina complete; humeral angle moderately projected. Mesoscutum punctate-puncticulate to foveolate-puncticulate, primarily punctate-puncticulate, minor punctures evenly and densely spaced, major punctures great widely spaced; notaulus complete and distinctly deep .nigriclypeus is the Latin nigr (= black) + clypeus (=clypeus), which refers to the clypeus in male of the species black.The specific name Cumming, 1989http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_ambotretusSymmorphus ambotretus1\u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Dali, North Gucheng, 9.V.2007, Rui Zhang; 1\u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Dali, Yunlong, Luodun Town, 10.VII.2011, Tingjing Li; 1\u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Nujiang, Lanping, Yingpan Town, 13.VII.2011, Zhenhu Wu; 1\u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Lijiang, Ninglang, Daxing Town, 25.VII.2011, Tingjing Li; 6\u2642\u2642, China, Yunnan Prov., Dehong, Yingjiang, Tongbiguan Natural reserve, 3.V.2013; 1\u2640, China, Chongqing, Wansheng, Heishangu, 4.V.2011, Zhenhu Wu.China ; Nepal; Korea.http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_angustatusOdynerus angustatus Zetterstedt, 1838: 457.Odynerus suecicus de Saussure, 1855: 187 (key), 190, pl. X fig. 3.Odynerus laeviventris Thomson, 1874: 86; Symmorphus angustatus (Zetterstedt): Symmorphus hakutozanus Tsuneki, 1986: 23\u201324, 26; Symmorphus nansetsurei Tsuneki, 1986: 26, 27; Symmorphus iwatai Yamane, 1990: 115 (key), 127\u2013128, synonymized by 1\u2640, China, Jilin Prov., Tonghua, Mehekou, 22.VIII.1993, Zhihong Li.China (Jilin); Norway; Sweden; Finland; Denmark; France; Germany; Austria; Greece; Turkey; Belarus; Russia (to Primorskij Krai); Kazahkstan; Mongolia; the Korean Peninsula; Japan.PageBreakhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_apiciornatusAncistrocerus apiciornatus Cameron, 1911: 288.Odynerus (Ancistrocerus) apiciornatus (Cameron): Symmorphus apiciornatus (Cameron): Symmorphus seoulensis Tsuneki, 1986: 22, figs 66-67, female; 1\u2640, China, Beijing, Haidian, 29.IV.1952. Jikun Yang; 1\u2640, China, Beijing, Gongzhufen, 12.V.1952. Jikun Yang; 1\u2642, China, Shaanxi Prov., Baoji, Fengxian, Jialing River, 26.V.2007, Xiaoyu, Jiang.China ; Russia; South Korea; Japan.Giordani Soika, 1986http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_aurantiopictusSymmorphus aurantiopictus Giordani Soika, 1986: 154, fig. 47; No specimens examined.China (Jiangsu).http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_bifasciatusVespa bifasciata Linnaeus, 1761: 419; Symmorphus bifasciatus (Linnaeus): Vespa sinuata Fabricius, 1793: 270; Odynerus sinuatusmutinensis Baldini, 1894: 78, pl. III fig. 6;  var. Symmorphus sparsus Morawitz, 1895: 490; Symmorphus sinuatissimus Richards, 1935: 162; PageBreakSymmorphus mutinensis Baldamus: Symmorphus mutinensis auster Giordani Soika, 1975: 150, 160; Symmorphus mutinensis yezoanus Tsuneki, 1977: 16; 1\u2642, China, Chongqing, Jiangjin, Simianshan National Nature Reserve, 6.V.2012, Ju You.China ; Europe, eastward to northeastern Siberia and Far Eastern Russia; Kyrgyzstan; Kazahkstan; Korea; Japan.Gussakovskii, 1932http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_foveolatusSymmorphus foveolatus Gussakovskii, 1932: 55; Odynerus captivus Smith: 6\u2640\u26402\u2642\u2642, China, Sichuan Prov., Panzhihua, Renhe Town, 28.VII.2011, Tingjing Li.China (Sichuan); Russia; the Korean Peninsula; Japan.new recordhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_fuscipesOdynerus fuscipes Herrich-Schaeffer, 1838: 18, pl. 18; Symmorphus karelicus Morawitz, 1895: 490.Symmorphus fuscipes (Herrich-Schaeffer): 2\u2640\u2640, China, Liaoning Prov., Liaoyang, Gongchangling, Anping, 7.VII.2012.Ju You; 1\u2640, China, Jilin Prov., Changchun, Dehui, Xiajiadian, 28.VI.2012, Ju You; 1\u2640, China, Jilin Prov., Baishan, Linjiang, Naozhi Town, 7.VII.2012, Ju You.China ; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Germany; Austria; Belarus; Mongolia; Russia.PageBreakhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_hoozanensisOdynerus hoozanensis von Schulthess, 1934: 67.Symmorphus hoozanensis (von Schulthess): Cumming, 1989: 3, 5, 21 (key), 26.No specimens examined.China (Taiwan).http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_lucensOdynerus lucens Kostylev, 1938: 304; Symmorphus lucens (Kostylev): Symmorphus ishikawai Giordani Soika, 1975: 151, 159; 2\u2640\u2640, China, Inner Mongolia, Helan Mountain, Gulamuxiaosong Hill, 30.VII.2010, Jian Li & Junzhe Xue; 1\u2640, China, Inner Mongolia, Helan Mountain, Halawu Ravine, 20.VII.2006, Ming Luo; 1\u2640, China, Inner Mongolia, Helan Mountain, Yushuwan, 27.VII.2010, Fangzhou Ma.China (new record: Inner Mongolia), Russia: southern Siberia to Sakhalin; Korea; Japan.Tsuneki, 1977http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_mizuhonisSymmorphus mizuhonis Tsuneki, 1977: 15-20; Symmorphus kurentzovi Kurzenko, 1981: 104, figs 111-116; Symmorphus iiyamai Tsuneki, 1986: 26 (key), fig. 70, male; Symmorphus shiroyamai Tsuneki, 1986: 26 (key), 27, fig. 71, male; Symmorphus piceanus Tsuneki, 1986: 26 (key), 27, fig. 72; Symmorphus sassai Tsuneki, 1986: 26 (key), 27, fig. 73; 2\u2640\u26404\u2642\u2642, China, Yunnan Prov., Diqing, Deqin, Near the county, 19.VII.2011, Tingjing Li; 4\u2640\u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Dali, Yunlong, Tianchi, 9.VII.2011, Tingjing Li.China ; Russia: Irkutsk, Primorskij Krai; Kazahkstan; North Korea; Japan.PageBreakGusenleitner, 2000http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_ornatusSymmorphus ornatus Gusenleitner, 2000: 939, 945.No specimens examined.China (Taiwan).Lee, 1981http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_sichuanensisSymmorphus sichuanensis Lee, 1981: 423, fig. 1; 3\u2640\u2640: China, Sichuan Prov., Leshan City, Emeishan, Gaoqiao Town, Yanshi Village, 11.VIII.2011, Tingjing Li.China (Sichuan); Thailand.Kostylev, 1940new recordhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_sublaevisOdynerus sublaevis Kostylev, 1940: 40.Symmorphus sparsus Morawitz: Symmorphus sublaevis (Kostylev): 5\u2642\u2642, China, Ningxia, Jingyuan, Xixia Forest, 15\u201316.VII.2008, Xiumin Li; 1\u2642, China, Ningxia, Longde, Sutai Forest, 1\u20132,VII.2008, Xinpu Wang; 1\u2642, China, Ningxia, Guyuan, Lvyan Forest, 9\u201310.VII.2008, Guodong Ren.China (new record: Ningxia); Kyrgyzstan; Kazahkstan.Giordani Soika, 1966new recordhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_violaceipennisSymmorphus violaceipennis Giordani Soika, 1966: 102; 10\u2640\u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Dali, Yunlong, Tianchi, 9.VII.2011, Tingjing Li; 9\u2640\u2640, China, Yunnan Prov., Nujiang, Lanping, Yingpan Town, 12.VII.2011, Zhenhu Wu; 1\u2640, China, Sichuan Prov., Kangding, Paoma Mountain, 7.VII.2005, Hu Zhou.China ; India; Nepal.PageBreakGusenleitner, 2002http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_yananensisSymmorphus yananensis Gusenleitner, 2002: 345.No specimens examined.China (Shaanxi).Gusenleitner, 2002http://species-id.net/wiki/Symmorphus_yunnanensisSymmorphus yunnanensis Gusenleitner, 2002: 345; 5\u2640\u264011\u2642\u2642, China, Yunnan Prov., Diqing, Deqin, Near the county, 19.VII.2011, Tingjing Li; 1\u2642, China, Tibet, Changdu, Mangkang, 3508 m, 5.VII.2013, Yong Zhou.China .PageBreak"}
+{"text": "Fingerprint-based structure representation has a broad range of applications including, but not limited to, diversity analysis, compound classification, chemical space visualization , activit"}
+{"text": "AbstractOsmia (Melanosmia) found in North America, including the description of two new species found in Canada and the northern United States: Osmia (Melanosmia) aquilonaria sp. n., and Osmia (Melanosmia) nearctica sp. n., respectively belonging to the inermis and xanthomelana species groups. We additionally provide keys to the non-metallic Melanosmia found in North America, and update keys to the palearctic Melanosmia based on study of the type specimens of Osmia disjuncta Tkalc\u016f, Osmia ephippiata Smith, Osmia ishikawai Hirashima, and Osmia pamirensis Gussakovskij.We review the six species of non-metallic  Melanosmia  females of Osmia(Melanosmia) tersula Melanosmia below.As currently understood, the \u201cdark Melanosmia, there is a possibility that the two new North American species described herein are already known from the Palearctic. In order to avoid producing new junior synonyms, it is necessary to understand the 20 species of Melanosmia known from the Palearctic  are unknown to us although we attempted to borrow the holotype material.Given the holarctic distribution of many non-metallic learctic  , and upon examination of the female holotype we conclude that it also belongs to the inermis species group.PageBreakPageBreakOf the remaining 18 species of palearctic es group , 2010 ar inermis ; Osmia lOsmia nigriventris . These unusual features are shared with the North American species Osmia bucephala, a species that has further apomorphies that have obscured its taxonomic placement within Osmia.iventris  into a tMelanosmia have received less treatment in recent revisions and are thus considerably less well-known. They are Osmia ephippiata Smith, 1879, Osmia ishikawai Hirashima, 1973, Osmia melanota Morawitz, 1888, Osmia pamirensis Gussakovskij 1930, Osmia recta P\u00e9rez, 1902, and Osmia thoracica Radoszkowski, 1874. Of these, we were able to exclude Osmia melanota from consideration as a possible component of the North American fauna due to the original description of the type material as dark metallic blue  has additionally seen the type series of two males and nine females of Osmia pamirensis at the Russian Academy, St. Petersburg in 1984 . Osmia laticeps (as Osmia hyperborea) in his revision of palearctic Melanosmia; the female of this species was diagnosed by Osmia laticeps and include it in an updated key to palearctic Melanosmia based on Of the palearctic The morphological terminology used herein follows that proposed by The following morphological abbreviations are used: flagellar segment (F), metasomal tergum (T), metasomal sternum (S), and ocellar diameter (OD). Measurements are given for the holotype specimen, with the observed range from other specimens following in parentheses.PageBreakFull label data are given for all specimens of new species.\u00a0 Label data of examined material for the remaining species were summarized at the county level or its equivalent, along with date, floral record, and altitude (if given). The following abbreviations are used for specimen repositories, with individuals associated with those repositories following in parentheses:University of Colorado, Boulder CO (V. Scott)BoulderOregon State University, Corvallis OR CorvallisUniversity of California, Davis CA (S. Heydon)DavisUSDA Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, Logan UT LoganPersonal collection of T. Griswold, Logan UTLogan-TGUniversity of Idaho, Moscow ID MoscowAmerican Museum of Natural History, New York NY New YorkCanadian National Collection, Ottawa OttawaCalifornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco CA San FranciscoMissouri Department of Conservation, St. Charles MO (M. Arduser)St. CharlesRoyal Ontario Museum, Toronto Ontario (B. Hubley)TorontoUppsala University, Sweden (B. G. Svensson)UppsalaRoyal British Columbia Museum, Victoria B. C. (R. Cannings)VictoriaSpecimens were examined and measured using a Leica MZ12 dissection microscope and ocular micrometer. Photomicrographs were taken using a Keyence Digital Imaging System. N.W.T. [Northwest Territories] km 491, Dempster Hwy, 26.VI.80 [26 June 1980], 1000 m, Wood & Lafontaine//CANADA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, Inuvik Region, Aklavik, 25 June 1931, O. Bryant , 25 July 1931, 1600 ft ; Black Mountain, SW of Aklavik, 1 August 1931, O. Bryant ; Holman, Victoria Island, 25 June 1952, B. A. Gibbard ; NOVA SCOTIA, Cape Breton Highlands National Park, 60\u02da50'W 46\u02da47'N, 22 June 1983, Birch ; NUNAVUT, Kitikmeot Region, Coppermine, 3 August 1951, S. D. Hicks ; ONTARIO, Cochrane District, Low Bush, Lake Abitibi, 5 June 1925, N. K. Bigelow , 18 June 1925, N. K. Bigelow ; Thunder Bay District, Silver Island, Sibley Peninsula, 18 July 1961, Rubus sp., H. E. Milliron ; QUEBEC, Nord-du-Qu\u00e9bec Region, Highway to James Bay km 66, 50\u02da03'N 77\u02da07'W, 12 June\u20138 August 1987, Malaise-FIT Salix bushes, L. Leblanc ; YUKON, Dempster Highway km 465, 23\u201325 June 1980, 800 m, Wood & Lafontaine ; USA: ALASKA, North Slope Borough, Cape Thompson, 29 June 1961, B. S. Heming ; Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Kathul Mountain, Yukon River, Steppe, 4 June 1991, Arnica alpina, J. A. Bishop , 5 June 1991, Lupinus arcticus ; Kathul Mountain, Yukon River, 110 km NW Eagle, Tundra, 16 June 1992, Lupinus arcticus, J. A. Bishop ; WYOMING, Fremont Co., Roaring Fork Mountain, Wind River Range, 29 June 1990, 11000\u20131200 ft, E. A. Sugden .The name \u201caquilonaria\u201d is Latin, meaning northern or northerly, and is in reference to the northern distribution of the species in North America.(Zetterstedt)Anthophora (Osmia) inermis Osmia globosaApis globosa Osmia vulpecula Osmia globosiformis Osmia (Melanosmia) inermis  (Zetterstedt); Osmia (Chenosmia) inermis  (Zetterstedt); PageBreakFemales are known by the slightly acute angle or tooth midway on the ventral margin of the mandible . Males cOsmia inermis is found from Spain, Italy, and Greece north to the United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden, and Finland, and east through Russia and northern China . The related, if not synonymous, species Osmia ishikawai is found in Japan.In the Nearctic, from Sierra Nevada of California north to British Columbia and Alaska, east through Canada to Nova Scotia and Newfoundland south in the United States to Massachusetts, Michigan, the Black Hills of South Dakota, and mountainous areas of Nevada, Utah, and Colorado. In the Palearctic, PageBreakOsmia inermis has been recorded nesting under stone or in preexisting cavities in rocks and stones, with cells composed of chewed leaves , 25 May 1892 , 29 May 1922 , 6 July 1955 ; Northern Alberta Region, 29 May 1977 ; BRITISH COLUMBIA, Central Kootenay, 3 June 1906 , 9 June ; Stikine Region, 6 June 1955, 2200 ft , 17 June 1955, 2200 ft ; Okanagan-Similkameen District, 21 May 1958 ; MANITOBA, Northern Region, 1 July 1927 , 11 July 1950 , 29 July 1949 ; Parkland Region, 26 June 1961, 2000 ft ; NEW BRUNSWICK, St. John Co., 9 June 1901 , 23 June 1901 ; York Co., 29 May 1918 ; NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR, Twillingate Islands, 30 May 1951 ; NOVA SCOTIA, Halifax Co., 2 July 1914 ; Hants Co., 4 June 1931, Cornus sp. , 22 June 1931 ; ONTARIO, Kawartha Lakes, 25 May 1964, Viola adunca ; Lennox and Addington Co., 12 May 1962, Chamaedaphne sp. ; Rainy River District, 2 July 1960 ; QUEBEC, Capitale-Nationale Region, 17 May 1914 , 28 May 1916, Vaccinium sp. ; Nord-du-Qu\u00e9bec Region, 4\u201312 June 1987 , 12 June\u20138 July 1987 , 18 June 1949 , 14 August 1949 , 18 August 1949 , 23 August 1949 , 2 September 1949 , 3 September 1949 ; Outaouais Region, 14 May 1916, Vaccinium sp. ; YUKON, 26 May 1951 , 31 May 1951 , 5 June 1951 , 12 June 1960, 3500 ft , 21 June 1949, 5200 ft , 2 July 1962, 3500 ft , 10 July 1985 ; RUSSIA, Siberia, 3 July 1992 , 5 July 1992 ; SWEDEN: , 12\u201319 June 1972 , J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping Co., 12 July 1932 ; Norrbotten Co., , 25 August 1975 ; USA: ALASKA, Fairbanks North Star Borough, 19 May 1987 ; Kenai Peninsula, 20 June 1951 ; CALIFORNIA, Madera Co., 19 July 2004, 3315 m, Phyllodoce breweri ; Mariposa Co., 15 June 2004, 3024 m , Phyllodoce breweri , 3215 m , 23 June 2004, 3112 m , 4 July 2004, 2860 m , 2847 m, Horkelia tridentata , 14 July 2005, 3112 m, , Phyllodoce breweri , 16 July 2004, 2944 m, Phyllodoce breweri , 14 August 2004, 3189 m, , 1 August 2005,PageBreak 3189 m, ; Shasta Co., 30 July 1947, 7000 ft , Tuolumne Co., 14 July 2004, 3049 m , 3114 m , Phyllodoce breweri , 15 July 2004, 3215 m, , Phyllodoce breweri , 17 July 2005, 3215 m , 28 July 2006, 3215 m, Arenaria kingii var. glabrescens , Eriogonum incanum , Phyllodoce breweri ; COLORADO, Boulder Co., 18 June 1940 , 20 June 1940 , 27 June 1939 , 8 July 1940 ; Grand Co.PageBreak, 22 June 1976 ; Larimer Co., 19 June , 25 July ; Mesa Co., 10 July 1938 ; Routt Co., 21 May 1964, 8500 ft, Erythronuim sp. ; Summit Co., 29 July 1961, 11700 ; IDAHO, Bear Lake Co., 10 August 1972 ; Lemhi Co., 20 July 1963 ; MAINE, Knox Co., 28 May 1962, Vaccinium angustifolium ; MASSACHUSETTS, Barnstable Co., 16 May 1914 ; MICHIGAN, Alger Co., 23 May 1982, Vaccinium sp. , 29 May 1991, Vaccinium angustifolium ; Marquette Co., 25 May 1983, Vaccinium angustifolium , 9 June 1985, Gaylussacia sp. , 21 June 1984 ; MONTANA, Carbon Co., 10 July 1963, 5900 ft, Melilotus sp. , 12 July 1963, 5900 ft, Melilotus sp. , 28 July 1975 ; Gallatin Co., 1 May 1927 , 24 June 2008 ; NEVADA, Elko Co., 9 July 1979 , 19 July 1975, 9500 ft , 21 July 1976, 9600 ft ; OREGON, Baker Co., 15 July 1930, 7100 ft ; Wallowa Co., 26 July 1929, 7500 ft ; SOUTH DAKOTA, Custer Co., 20 June 1955, Trifolium repens ; UTAH, Cache Co., 7 June 1962, , 18 June 1948, Wyethia sp , 30 June 1976, Penstemon leonardi , 4 July 1947, Ranunculus acriformis var. montanensis , 5 July 1981, 8500 ft , 17 July 1995, 8200\u20138600 ft, Penstemon sp. , 25 July 1971 , 28 July 1975, Penstemon cyananthus ; 1 August 1965 , 4 August 1975, Potentilla fruticosa ; Grand Co., 8 June 1963 ; Sanpete Co., 25 June 1990, 10760 ft, Astragalus montii ; Weber Co., 13 July 1950 ; WASHINGTON, King Co. ; WYOMING, Big Horn Co., 6 August 2000, 8975 ft, Machaeranthera sp. ; Carbon Co., 31 May 1972 ; Fremont Co., 10 June 1955 , 29 June 1990, 11000\u201312000 ft ; Johnson Co., 22 July 1998 ; Sheridan Co., 26 June 1986 ; Sublette Co., 20 July 1959 ; Teton Co., July 1937 , 4 July 1983, 6700 ft, Hedysarum boreale , 13 July 1983, 6700 ft, Hedysarum boreale ; 17 July 1983, 6700 ft, Hedysarum boreale .23 April , 30 July 1955 ; ThomsonOsmia laticepsOsmia uncinata Gerst\u00e4cker]; Osmia uncinata Gerst\u00e4cker]. Osmia (Melanosmia) hyperboreaOsmia parietina Curtis]; Osmia parietina Curtis, diagnosis of female]; Osmia laticeps Thomson]. PageBreakOsmia laticeps are distinguished from all other North American non-metallic Osmia by the following characters of the mandible , the following characters can be used to distinguish females of the two species , and the relatively unmodified S4 : the apiDark brown to brown-black, sometimes with reddish overtones especially on mouthparts, labrum, mandible, flagellar segments, legs, and apical margins of T1\u2013T5. Wings mostly clear to weakly infuscate, except moderately infuscate along dorsal half of marginal cell.Clypeus below apical margin with lateral tuft of golden, medially directed hairs. White to golden, minutely branched hairs on most of body except as follows: brown, simple hairs interspersed with pale, branched hairs on clypeus, sometimes interantennal area and near ocelli, gena ventrally and along compound eye, outer surfaces of femora and tibiae ; dark-brown, simple hairs only (no branched hairs) on mouthparts, labrum, inner surfaces of legs (golden on tarsi), outer surfaces of hind tibia and all tarsi, T2\u2013T6, and scopa; brown, short, simple hairs evenly covering forewing. Galea and basal two labial palpal segments with hairs on lateral margins straight, 0.2\u20130.3 OD in length. Labrum with long hairs arranged in two curved, transverse rows, along subapical margin and approximately at midpoint, with additional fringe of minute hairs at apical margin. Clypeus with hairs about as dense as on frons, midapically with some hairs slightly curved at apical tips. Hypostomal area with straight hairs evenly distributed across most of area, 2.0\u20133.0 OD in length.PageBreakctures separated by about half a puncture diameter; metepisternum with punctures less distinct, separated by up to a puncture diameter; hypostomal area anteriorly near angle, posterior half of gena, and legs with punctures shallowly impressed, sometimes elongated into oval shape; tegula with punctures minute, sparse medially and posteriorly, separated by up to four puncture diameters (up to six puncture diameters in some specimens); PageBreakpronotum, metanotum, and lateral and posterior surfaces of propodeum with punctures less distinctly impressed and background integument weakly shagreened; propodeal triangle with dorsal fourth reticulate to lineate, lower three fourths strongly shagreened, dull. T1 anterior surface moderately shagreened, weakly shining, with scattered, sparse, minute punctures throughout; T1\u2013T3 dorsal surfaces weakly shagreened, shining, with small punctures nearly contiguous to separated by 2.0 puncture diameters on basal three-fourths, minute and much more sparsely spaced on apical fourth (4.0\u20136.0 puncture diameters apart), apical margins with narrow region entirely impunctate  (PageBreakicaceae) .CANADA: MANITOBA, Northern Region, 12 June 1952 , 20 June 1930 ; NOVA SCOTIA, Kings Co., 24 May 1932, apple ; ONTARIO, Kenora District, 10 June 1964, Viola adunca ; Ottawa, 22 May 1973 ; QUEBEC, Abitibi-T\u00e9miscamingue Region, 24 May 1934 ; Nord-du-Qu\u00e9bec Region, 9 PageBreakJune 1956 ; Bas-Saint-Laurent Region, 22 June 1916 ; YUKON, 22 May 1951 , 28 May 1951 , 2 June 1951 , 12 June 1960, 3500 ft , 17 July 1981 ; RUSSIA: Siberia, 11\u201315 July ; SWEDEN: Norrbotten Co., 6 July 1975 ; USA: MAINE, 15 June 1982 ; MICHIGAN, Alger Co., 3\u201311 June 1982, sand pit , 28 June 1982, Vaccinium myrtilloides ; Marquette Co., 10 June 1985, Gaylussacia sp. , 18 June 1983 .FrieseOsmia maritima Osmia maritima is one of two currently known species of the xanthomelana species group in North America . Females of Osmia maritima are distinguished from the other North American xanthomelana species group member, Osmia nearctica, by characteristics of the mandible, outer hind tibial spur, and clypeus: the mandible has a third tooth that is recessed below a distinct carina between the second and fourth teeth , and the apical truncation of the clypeus is not distinctly set apart from the lateral apical margin of the clypeus, Osmia nearctica with the apical truncation forming a 90 degree angle with the lateral apical margin of the clypeus, Osmia maritima also have almost entirely black pubescence on the clypeus (significant amounts of light hairs throughout the clypeus in Osmia nearctica) and longer hair on the galea in dorsal view.th teeth   and weakly emarginate S2 .Males of Osmia maritima is known only from the Northwest Territories and Alaska. In the Palearctic, Osmia maritima is known from the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland east to Mongolia and through Russia to Far Eastern Siberia ;PageBreak however, since a holarctic distribution is well established for other Osmia species , until proven otherwise we conservatively retain the name Osmia maritima for this species. Interestingly, there appear to be two female morphs of Osmia maritima. Specimens from Alaska and the Russian Far East share pale hair on the paraocular area and mesepisternum and scarcely sculptured apical areas on T2 and T3; females from the Northwest Territories and western Europe have dark hair on the paraocular area and mesepisternum and microsculptured apical areas of T2 and T3.We have not found any male specimens of PageBreakOsmia maritima from the Palearctic is known to be polylectic and nests in sandy soil with cells composed of chewed leaves and sand grains , 20\u201325 June 1971 , 28\u201330 June 1971 , 11 July 1948 ; NETHERLANDS: Terschelling, 2 June 1969 ; RUSSIA: Siberia, 5 July 1992 , 12 July 1992 ; USA: ALASKA, Fairbanks North Star Borough, 31 July 1985 ; Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, 21 June 1984, Oxytropis campestris ; Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, 17 May 1991, Dodecatheon frigidum , 19 June 1992, Penstemon gormanii .Rightmyer, Griswold, & Arduser sp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E8E24354-14D3-463C-8505-F6E2002F401EOsmia nearctica is one of two members of the xanthomelana species group in North America; characters to distinguish it from the other member of that group, Osmia maritima, are given under that species (see above).Osmia nearctica is most similar to Osmia xanthomelana, but can be differentiated from that species by the following characters: In females, the propodeal triangle is shining but weakly shagreened throughout , the outer hind tibial spur is only about half the length of the hind basitarsal segment , and the lower margin of the mandible has a distinct, translucent flange that curves away from the condylar ridge . The hairs of the mesepisternum tend to be dark brown in Osmia nearctica, while in Osmia xanthomelana the hairs tend to be pale yellow to white, and the hairs of the hypostomal area tend to be denser in Osmia nearctica than in Osmia xanthomelana.In the Palearctic, roughout  ; the lower tooth of the mandible is only slightly longer than the upper tooth in Osmia nearctica ; T7 midapically has a shallower emargination in Osmia nearctica ; and the apical tip of the gonoforceps  is more rounded in Osmia nearctica . Osmia nearctica can be differentiated from Osmia maritima and Osmia alticola by the microscopic hairs on the underside of thePageBreak flagellar segments .In males, the propodeal triangle is weakly shagreened throughout in earctica  , and dorsal surfaces of T2, T5, T6; almost entirely white to yellow, minutely branched hairs on vertex (sometimes), mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, metanotum, dorsally on propodeum (excluding triangle), pronotal lobe, and dorsal surface of T1; brown, simple hairs interspersed with minutely branched hairs on most of body, except simple hairs lacking on dorsal mesosoma; simple hairs only (no branched hairs), golden on all tarsi and brown on scopa; brown, short, simple hairs evenly covering forewing. Galea and basal two labial palpal segments with hairs on lateral margins straight, 0.2\u20130.5 OD in length. Labrum with long hairs arranged in two curved, transverse rows, along subapical margin and approximately at midpoint, with additional fringe of shorter hairs at apical margin. Clypeus with hairs about as dense as on frons. Hypostomal area with hairs densely distributed across area, straight to weakly incurved at apical tips, 3.0\u20134.0 OD in length.Head and mesosoma with punctures nearly contiguous, more or less round, and moderately impressed except as follows: labrum mostly impunctate except near fringes of hairs; clypeus with impunctate midapical truncation about length of F2 or little longer ; mesoscuPageBreak margin of third tooth forming distinct V-shape with adjacent margin of second and slightly smaller V-shape with adjacent margin of fourth, third tooth more or less on same plane as second and fourth , golden on all tarsi and brown on scopa; brown, short, simple hairs evenly covering forewing. Galea and basal two labial palpal segments with hairs on lateral margins straight, 0.2\u20130.5 OD in length. Labrum with long hairs arranged in two curved, transverse rows, along subapical margin and approximately at midpoint, with additional fringe of shorter hairs at apical margin. Clypeus with hairs about as dense as on frons. Hypostomal area with hairs densely distributed across area, straight to weakly incurved at apical tips, 3.0\u20134.0 OD in length.Head and mesosoma with punctures nearly contiguous, more or less round, and moderately impressed except as follows: labrum mostly impunctate except near fringes of hairs; clypeus with impunctate midapical truncation about length of F2 or little longer ; mesoscuPageBreak margin of third tooth forming distinct V-shape with adjacent margin of second and slightly smaller V-shape with adjacent margin of fourth, third tooth more or less on same plane as second and fourth \u201c[Canada] Norman Wells, N.W.T. [Northwest Territories], 13-VII-1949, W.R.M. Mason// Holotype male CANADA: MANITOBA, Winnipeg Capitol Region, Kettle Rapid, near Winnipeg, 14 July 1917  ; NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, Dehcho Region, Hay River, 5 June 1951, P. R. Ehrlich ; Inuvik Region, Reindeer Depot, MacKenzie Delta, 23 June 1948, W. J. Brown , 16 July 1948, J. R. Vockeroth ; Sahtu Region, Norman Wells, 19 May 1953, C. D. Bird , 27 May 1953, C. D. Bird , 12 June 1949, W.R.M. Mason , 3 July 1949, W.R.M. Mason , 4 July 1949, W.R.M. Mason ; NUNAVUT, Kitikmeot Region, Coppermine, 3 August 1951, S. D. Hicks ; ONTARIO, Thunder Bay District, Black Sturgeon Lake, 13 June 1961 ; QUEBEC, Nord-du-Qu\u00e9bec Region, Rupert River, 10 July 1956, J. R. Lonsway ; YUKON, Dempster Highway km 465, 15 July 1982, D. Wood .The name \u201cnearctica\u201d is derived from the Greek arktikous, meaning northern or arctic, and is in reference to the known distribution of this species in northern regions of the New World .(Zetterstedt)Anthophora nigriventris Osmia nigriventris  (Zetterstedt); Osmia baicalensisOsmia dimidiata Morawitz]; Osmia dimidiata Morawitz, synonymy with Osmia nigriventris (Zetterstedt)]. Osmia frigida PageBreakOsmia hudsonica Osmia corticalis Osmia (Melanosmia) nigriventris  (Zetterstedt); Osmia (Centrosmia) nigriventris  (Zetterstedt); Osmia (Centrosmia) nigriventris frigida  Smith; Osmia bucephala, but unlike in that species, there is no metallic coloration in the integument of the meso- and metasomata). Males are known by the strongly reflexed apicolateral angles of T5 and T6 .Females of this species are known by the swollen clypeal margin  ; it nests in old insect burrows in dead wood and constructs cell partitions and nest plugs with chewed leaves , 21 May 1915 , 25 May 1922 , 3 July 1968, Dryas drummondii , 8 July 1968, Hedysarum sulphurescens , 23 August 1955, 4500 ft ; Central Alberta, 8 June 1921  BRITISH COLUMBIA, Stikine District, 6 June 1955, 2200 ft , 9 June 1955, 2200 ft , 26 July 1955, 2200 ft ; Columbia-Shuswap District, 1 August 1950 , 1 August 1952, 6000 ft , 2 August 1952, 6000 ft ; Peace River District, 11 June 1948 , Thompson-Nicola District, 8 August 1943 ; MANITOBA, Eastman Region, June 1966 ; Northern Region, 31 May 1949 , 3 June 1952 , 12 June 1952 , 19 June 1949 , 26 June 1950 , 29 June 1949 , 5 July 1950 , 10 July 1952 , 13 July 1937 , 15 July 1949 , 17 July 1937 ; NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR, Great Northern Peninsula, 12 June 1951 ; NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, Dehcho Region, 31 May 1969 , 5 June 1951 , 5 JunePageBreak 1969 ; Inuvik Region, 13 June 1956 , 16 June 1956 , 18 June 1956 , 21 June 1910 , 22 June 1948 , 22 June 1956 , 25 June 1948 , 26 June 1948 , 27 June 1948 , 28 June 1956 , 29 June 1956 , 2 July 1948 , 3 July 1956 , 7 July 1948 , 10 July 1948 , 18 July 1948 , 25 July 1957 ; North Slave Region, 9 July 1949 ; Sahtu Region, 9 June 1949 , 12 June 1949 , 18 June 1948 , 3 July 1972 ; ONTARIO, 17 May 1962, Chamaedaphne sp. ; Kawartha Lakes, 24 May 1964, Taraxacum officinale , 10 June 1964, Taraxacum officinale ; QUEBEC, Nord-du-Qu\u00e9bec Region, 12 June\u20138 August 1987 , 19 June 1956 , 25 June 1956 , 25 July 1954 ; C\u00f4te-Nord Region, 7 July 1948 ; YUKON, 22 May 1951 , 28 May 1951 , 29 May 1951 , 1 June 1951 , 2 June 1951 , 5 June 1951 , 15 June 1960 , 15 June 1980 , 17 June 1960, 3200 ft , 19 June 1960, 3000 ft , 22 June 1982 , 23\u201325 June 1980, 800 m , 27 June 1960, 3300 ft , 27 June 1984 , 29 June 1984 , 1 July 1949 , 1\u20134 July 1973 , 1\u20135 July 1987, 720 m , 9 July 1983, 2300 ft , 9 August 1981 ; RUSSIA: Siberia, 3 July 1992, Vaccinium vitis-idea ; USA: ALASKA, Fairbanks North Star Borough, 5\u201313 May 2009 , 7 May 1982, Pulsatilla patens , 5 June 1987, Hedysarum mackenziei , 28 June 1987, Hedysarum sp. ; Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, 22 May 1985, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi , 27 July 1982, Aster sibiricus ; Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, 30 June 1991, Hedysarum boreale ; IDAHO, Lemhi Co., 20 July 1963 ; MICHIGAN, Marquette Co., 18 May 1982, Amelanchier bartramiana , 19 May 1982, Amelanchier bartramiana ; MONTANA, Carbon Co., 22 June 1981, 6200 ft , 11 July 1963, 5200 ft ; OREGON, Deschutes Co., 19 July 1927, 5500 ft ; WASHINGTON, Okanogan Co., 2 July 2004 ; WYOMING, Fremont Co., 28 June 1990, 10400 ft, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi , 30 June 1990, 10500 ft ; Johnson Co., 22 July 1998 ; Teton Co., 14 July 1930 .19 July 1955 , 28 July 1955 ;"}
+{"text": "There were errors in the author affiliations. The affiliations should appear as shown here: 1 Department of Genetics, Biological faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 2 Evolutionary Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 3 A.A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia"}
+{"text": "Cronobacter helveticus, Cronobacter pulveris, and Cronobacter zurichensis are newly described species in the Cronobacter genus, which is associated with serious infections of neonates. This is the first report of draft genome sequences for these species. Cronobacter genus until recently consisted of seven species, C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. turicensis, C. universalis, C. muytjensii, C. dublinensis, and C. condimenti . Therefore, the genome sequencing of these newly described species is warranted for better understanding of the genus diversity and improved detection methodology. This was undertaken using C. helveticus strain LMG23732T, C. zurichensis strain LMG23730T, and C. pulveris strain LMG24059 isolated from powdered infant formula.The ndimenti . In 2013De novo assembly was performed using Velvet  and sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencing system. g Velvet . For furg Velvet .C. helveticus LMG23732T, C. pulveris LMG24059, and C. zurichensis LMG23730T generated 8,351,512, 5,000,582, and 6,613,368 high-quality paired-end reads of 150 bp in length, respectively. The genome sizes were 4,530,369 bp, 4,900,556 bp, and 4,246,797 bp with G+C contents of 56%, 56.6%, and 57.8%, respectively. These were in 79, 125, and 103 contigs with 4,315, 4,630, and 3,883 coding sequences (CDS), respectively, and 30-fold coverage. The CDS include traits previously described in Cronobacter (C. helveticus, C. pulveris, and C. zurichensis have been deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers AWFX00000000, AWFY00000000, and AWFZ00000000, respectively.The genome sequences of"}
+{"text": "AbstractXantholinus in North America. Xantholinus elegans (Olivier 1795) (= X. jarrigei Coiffait 1956)is recorded from North America for the first time, based on specimens collected in Ontario, Canada from 2007-2010. The armature of the internal sac of the aedeagus in situ is illustrated to aid in identification. Xantholinus linearis (Olivier 1795), known previously from the Maritime Provinces of Canada and the eastern United States, is newly recorded from Ontario. Xantholinus longiventris Heer 1839 is still only known from western North America. A key is provided to allow recognition of all three species.New distributional and bionomic data are provided for species of the genus  Xantholinus Dejean (Staphylininae: Xantholinini) is a diverse, mainly Palearctic group and contains several species that prefer open, disturbed areas, where they often dominate the staphylinid assemblage (PageBreaksubsequent establishment of Xantholinus species into North America. Xantholinus linearis (Olivier 1795) from both eastern and western portions of the North America and Xantholinus longiventris (Olivier 1795) only from western regions. Since then, several publications have presented either new provincial and state records, or additional locality data for these two species  was prepared for examination as in Xantholinus elegans was taken with the same system. Maps were created using ARC-GIS and Abode Photoshop software. The institutions (and their abbreviations) from which material was examined are as follows:The aedeagus of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Prince Edward Island, Canada (Christine Noronha)ACPECape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada CBUChristopher G. Majka Collection, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (Christopher G. Majka)CGMCUniversity of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario DEBUUniversity of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA DENHDavid H. Webster Collection, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada (David. H. Webster)DHWCNew Brunswick Museum, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada NBMNova Scotia Museum, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (Christopher G. Majka)NSMCNova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia, Canada (Jeffrey Ogden)NSNRSaint Mary\u2019s University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (Doug Stongman)SMUPageBreakUniversit\u00e9 de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada (Pauline Duerr)UMNB(Olivier 1795)Staphylinus elegansXantholinus elegans:  All specimens studied are deposited in DEBUCANADA: ONTARIO: Peterborough County: 5 Km SW of Marmora, under fresh horse dung, 31-VII-2010, A. Brunke (1).Waterloo Region: Blair, Rare Charitable Research Reserve, near Whistlebare Rd., soybean field, pitfall trap, 27-VII-2010, A. Brunke (1); Wellington County: Arkell, Arkell Research Station, under loose sod beside canola field, 20-VII-2007, A. Brunke (1); Eramosa, Eramosa Rd. and Wellington Rd. 29, soil in agricultural field, corn in previous year, 8-VI-2010, A. Brunke (1); Eramosa, Eramosa Rd. and Wellington Rd. 29, soybean field, pitfall trap, 13-VII-2010, A. Brunke (1); Eramosa, Eramosa Rd. and Wellington Rd. 29, soybean field, pitfall trap, 10-VIII-2010, A. Brunke (1); Guelph, Gordon St. and Wellington Ave, on sidewalk near dry field, 23-VIII-2008, A. Brunke and D.K.B. Cheung (1); Guelph, Arboretum, woods edge in leaf litter, 11-IX-2008, M. Bergeron, S. Paeiro and D.K.B. Cheung, (1); Guelph. University of Guelph campus, under rocks, 22-VII-2009, C. Ho and S.P.L. Luk, (2); Guelph, Victoria Rd. and Conservation Line, soybean field, pitfall trap, 4-VIII-2009, A. Brunke, (1). Guelph, Stone Rd., heavily disturbed forest edge under rock, coll. as larva 10-IV-2010, emerged 15-V-2010, A. Brunke (1).Xantholinus elegans is newly recorded from North America based on the above specimens collected near Guelph and near Marmora, Ontario, Canada (Xantholinus jarrigei Coiffait in Xantholinus elegans (Olivier) by Oniscus asellus, although the larva was never observed to feed., Canada . Dissect(Olivier 1795)Staphylinus linearisXantholinus linearis:  CANADA: ONTARIO: Huron County: Auburn, 1km NE of Baseline Rd. and Londesboro Rd., wooded hedgerow, pitfall trap, 23-XI-2009, A. Brunke (1); AuPageBreakburn, Hullett-McKillop Rd. nr. Limekiln Rd., soybean field, pitfall trap, 4-VIII-2010, A. Brunke (1); Goderich, Sharpes Creek Line, wooded hedgerow, pitfall trap, 19-X-2009 (1), 16-XI-2009 (1), A. Brunke. Waterloo Region: Blair, Dickie Settlement Rd. nr. Whistlebear Golf Club, pitfall trap, soybean field, 15-XI-2009, A. Brunke (1); wooded hedgerow, 10-XI-2009, (1), 24-XI-2009 (15), A. Brunke; Blair: rare charitable research reserve, Fountain St. and Limerick Rd., pitfall trap, soybean field, 15-IX-2009, A. Brunke (1), wooded hedgerow, 27-X-2009 (2), 10-XI-2009 (6), 24-XI-2009 (14), A. Brunke; Blair, nr. Whistlebare Rd., soybean field, pitfall trap, 29-VI-2010 (2), 13-VII-2010 (6), 27-VII-2010 (2), A. Brunke; Wellington County: Eramosa, Eramosa Rd. and Wellington Rd. 29, agricultural hedgerow, pitfall trap, 18-V-2010, A. Brunke (1); Guelph, University of Guelph, debris under dead hawk, 27-VI-2008, A. Brunke (1), under patio stone, 2-IV-2009, S.P.L Luk (1), leaf litter in woodlot, 2-IV-2009, A. Brunke (1), on brick wall, 9-XI-2009, S.P.L Luk (1); Guelph, Victoria Rd. and Conservation Line, wooded hedgerow, pitfall trap, 20-X-2009 (2), 17-XI-2009 (2), A. Brunke.Xantholinus linearis is newly recorded from Ontario based on numerous recent collections from the southern portion of the province. Specimens were collected mainly in agricultural or urban settings in open or forest edge habitat. The earliest Canadian records are from 1949 (in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland) and the earliest NorthPageBreak American ones are from 1930 (in Washington state) (Xantholinus linearis is summarized in n state) . The curHeer 1839Xantholinus longiventrisXantholinus longiventris:  Xantholinus longiventris is summarized in The current distribution of Xantholinus elegans is certainly a recent accidental introduction to North America as it was not included in Xantholinus elegans is distributed widely in the western Palearctic region and recorded from Austria, Belgium, Bosnia Herzegovina, Czech Republic, France, Great Britain, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia and Spain  (nd Spain . In Eurond Spain . While mMarmora)  represenXantholinus linearis was intercepted twice in soil with primrose and moss shipments from Europe in the 1930\u2019s . Further survey work is needed to fully delimit the eastern range of this species.Xanthlinus longiventris is still known only from the western United States  and has not been reported from additional states or any provinces since it was treated in Xantholinus longiventris, while it often co-occurs with Xantholinus linearis, prefers a higher level of moisture  as it has not been collected from drier urbanized places where the latter species is often found. This species\u2019 range in North America is probably confined by the Rocky Mountain system and will likely remain stable in the absence of secondary introductions.Xantholinus are now known to have established themselves in North America via human activity. Of these, at least Xantholinus linearis is apparently continuing to expand its distribution towards the centre of the continent and may be detected in additional provinces and states in the future. This paper provides a current synthesis of distributional information and facilitates the identification of a previously unrecognized species for the North American fauna. A complete review and identification manual for the entire Xantholinini in eastern North America is currently in preparation.Three species of"}
+{"text": "The authors wish to add the following to the Competing Interests Section: \"Dr. Wiendl has received funding for travel and speaker honoraria from Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec/Elan Corporation, Sanofi-Aventis, Merck Serono, and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.; has served/serves as a consultant for Merck Serono, Medac, Inc., Sanofi-Aventis/Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Biogen Idec, Bayer Schering Pharma, Novartis, and Novo Nordisk; and receives research support from Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec/Elan Corporation, Sanofi-Aventis, Merck Serono, and Novo Nordisk.\""}
+{"text": "J Neuroinflammation 2010, 7:3.Correction to Dirscherl K, Karlstetter M, Ebert S, Kraus D, Hlawatsch J, Walczak Y, Moehle C, Fuchshofer R, Langmann T. Luteolin triggers global changes in the microglial transcriptome leading to a unique anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective phenotype.  The authors observed that the original study  contains"}
+{"text": "After publication of this work , we noteThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.Conceived and designed the experiments: LMB, MLB, KGA, RFG. Performed the experiments: LMB, MLB, KGA, EMZ. Analyzed the data/critical review of manuscript: LMB, MLB, KGA, JNG, JSS, JER, DSG, VNR, PCS, RFG. Contributed reagents/materials: IJM, LAH. Provided medical/outreach/case investigation support in Sierra Leone: LMM, JJB, DSG, VNR, MF. Wrote the manuscript: LMB, MLB, KGA, JNG, RFG. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript."}
+{"text": "Lichen planus (LP) is a common T-cell-mediated chronic inflammatory disease of the stratified squamous epithelium, with unknown etiology. It can affect oral mucosa, the skin, genitalia, hair follicles, nails, esophagus, urinary tract, nasal mucosa, larynx and even the eyes . Local c"}
+{"text": "AbstractStaphylinidae (Rove Beetles) from northeastern North America deposited in the University of Guelph Insect Collection  were curated from 2008\u20132010 by the first author. The identification of this material has resulted in the recognition of thirty-five new provincial or state records, six new Canadian records, one new record for the United States and two new records for eastern Canada. All records are for subfamilies other than Aleocharinae and Pselaphinae, which will be treated in future publications as collaborative projects. Range expansions of ten exotic species to additional provinces and states are reported. The known distributions of each species in northeastern North America are summarized and presented as maps, and those species with a distinctive habitus are illustrated with color photographs. Genitalia and/or secondary sexual characters are illustrated for those species currently only identifiable on the basis of dissected males. The majority of the new records are in groups that have been recently revised, demonstrating the importance of curation and local insect surveys to the understanding of biodiversity, even for taxa and areas considered \u2018relatively well-known\u2019. Staphylininae, Tachyporinae, Steninae, Pselaphinae and to some degree Omaliinae, modern monographs by  in early 2010 further augmented this material. Previously deposited at the University of Waterloo, this collection of mostly Coleoptera has strengths in the subarctic, boreal and eastern deciduous fauna of Canada. Most Staphylinidae at DEBU were inadequately curated and mostly unidentified prior to recent curatorial work by the senior author, but now all rove beetles in the collection are identified at least to the genus level (except the Aleocharinae and Pselaphinae) and a large proportion of identified specimens are now entered into the central database. We here report on the faunistic discoveries made in the process of curating this material and discuss their importance in the context of previous knowledge. Known distributions are summarized for each species and those species with a distinctive habitus are illustrated to aid in their identification. Where necessary, the aedeagi and/or secondary sexual characters of species are illustrated. Identification of the Pselaphinae and Aleocharinae at DEBU is in progress and future publications on these subfamilies are planned.Although the University of Guelph Insect Collection (DEBU) is Canada\u2019s third or fourth largest collection of invertebrates, relatively few of its staphylinid specimens were considered in the course of the above-mentioned revisions. We assume this oversight was due to the collection\u2019s reputation for its coverage of Nearctic and Neotropical PageBreak water after preparation following Specimens were examined with a WILD Heerbrugg M5A stereomicroscope and dissections of male genitalia and genital segments of both sexes were performed in distilledErichson, 1840CANADA: ON: Chatam-Kent Co., Tilbury, pitfall trap, 9-VI-1994 (2), T. Sawinksi; Essex Co., Leamington, pitfall trap, 15 to 22-V-1992 (1), 22-V-1992 (1), 9-VI-1993 (1), Palichuck; Point Pelee Natl. Pk., Visitor Centre, malaise and pans, 22 to 29-V-2000, (2), 26-IX to 10-sX-2000 (1) O. Lonsdale. Huron Co., Auburn, Londesboro Rd. nr. Hwy 8, 43.728, -81.529, hedgerow, pitfall, 26-X-2009, A. Brunke (1); Benmiller, Sharpes Creek Line, 43.691, -81.608, hedgerow nr. creek, pitfall, 2-XI-2009, A. Brunke (1); Brucefield, London Rd. nr. Centennial Rd., 43.509, -81.516, hedgrerow nr. creek, pitfall, 27-IX-2009 (1), 12-X-2009 (4) A. Brunke; Waterloo Reg., Blair, Dickie Settlement Rd. nr. WhistleBear golf course, 43.373, -80.400, hedgerow, pitfall, 28-IX-2009 (6), 13-X-2009 (2) A. Brunke; Blair, Dickie Settlement Rd. nr. WhistleBear golf course, 43.373, -80.400, hedgerow, canopy trap in buckthorn, 10-XI-2009, A. Brunke (1); Blair, Fountain St. S. nr Speed River, 43.391, -80.373, hedgerow, pitfall, 24-XI-2009, A. Brunke (1); Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd.1, 43.372, -80.362, hedgerow, canopy trap in buckthorn, 18-V-2010, A. Brunke (2); Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd.1, 43.372, -80.362, hedgerow, pitfall, 1-VI-2010, A. Brunke (1); Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd. 1, 43.367, -80.358, hedgerow, canopy trap in buckthorn, 18-V-2010 (1), 21-IX-2010 (1), A. Brunke; Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd. 1, 43.367, -80.358, hedgerow, pitfall, 5-X-2010, A. Brunke (1); St. Jacobs, \u2018Stuart pitfall\u2019, 3-VI-1993 (1), 14-VI-1994 (1), T. Sawinksi.Omalium currently lacks a rigorous definition and consists of a heterogeneous assemblage of species CANADA: ON: Thunder Bay Distr. Pukaskwa Natl. Pk. beach trail, dunes, 30-VII-2003, S.M. Paiero (1).Porrhodites inflatus (Hatch), the only other member of the genus in North America, by the combination of: pronotal margins evenly arcuate; metasternum without microsculpture; antennomere two distinctly longer than segment three (Campbell 1984) (This species can be readily distinguished from ll 1984) .Porrhodites fenestralis is a holarctic, boreal to subarctic species known in the Nearctic region from Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Quebec, Yukon Territory, and Alaska, with a relict population in the Rocky Mountains of Montana and Wyoming (Campbell 1984).In the Palaearctic PageBreakit is known from Austria, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Italy, Norway, Russia , Sweden, and Switzerland tree (Campbell 1984). Another specimen was found in a deer mouse (Pteromyscus) nest (Campbell 1984).tzerland . Ganglbatzerland . The newCANADA: ON: Bruce Co., Dorcas Bay, dunes, pans under malaise, 5 to 13-VI-1999, S.A. Marshall (1).Ischnosoma flavicolle is easily distinguished from others of the genus by the distinctly bicolored elytra that each lack a humeral spot IschnosomIschnosoma flavicolle is frequently collected from sifted litter in a variety of forest types, and hammocks in the southern extremes; it has also been found in grasslands, carrion, under bark .Sepedophilus campbelli is distinguished from other species of the genus in northeastern North America by the combination of: pronotum and elytra withoutPageBreak microsculpture and without pale or reddish markings; small size ; middle-tibia with two apical spines; basal abdominal segments with long lateral bristles.Sepedophilus micans), eight specimens were known from scattered localities in Alabama, Maryland, District of Columbia, and North Carolina. Recently, five specimens of Sepedophilus campbelli were found in Cuivre River State Park, Missouri, at blacklight and under bark UNITED STATES: NH: Coos Co., Jefferson, under bark, 20-IV-2010, T. Murray (1).CANADA: ON: Essex Co., Kingsville, 14-V-1973, R. Roughly (1); Waterloo Reg., Blair, RARE, Cruickston Creek, yellow pan traps, 15 to 20-VI-2006, S.A. Marshall and M. Bergeron (1); Blair, Dickie Settlement Rd. nr. WhistleBear golf course, 43.373, -80.400, hedgerow, pitfall, 13-X-2009 (1), 10-XI-2009 (1), A. Brunke;Blair, Fountain St. S. nr Speed River, 43.391, -80.373, hedgerow, pitfall, 13-X-2009 (1), 10-XI-2009 (1);Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd.1, 43.372, -80.362, hedgerow near soybean field, pitfall trap, 2-XI-2010 (2); Wellington Co., Arkell, 27-IX-1986, L. Work (1); Belwood Lake, lake margin, fallen log overhang, 3-VI-2008, S.A. Marshall (1); Eramosa, Wellington County Rds. 124 and 29, 43.615, -80.215, hedgerow, pitfall, 4-V-2010, A. Brunke (1); Guelph, 19-V-1981, G.M. Grant (1); Guelph, in rotten wood, 20-IV-2007, S.P.L. Luk (1); Guelph, Preservation Park, under bark, 21-IX-2010, S.P.L. Luk (1).Sepedophilus marshami may be distinguished from all other members of the genus in eastern North America except Sepedophilus testaceus by the following combination of characters: body size large ; tergite seven with a white, apical, palisade fringe and at least one pair of bristles; elytra reddish but without distinct, reddish basal markings; middle-tibia with two apical spines . This species is widespread in the Palaearctic region CANADA: ON: Huron Co., Benmiller, Sharpes Creek Line, 43.691, -81.608, hedgerow nr. creek, canopy trap in buckthorn, 22-VI-2009, A. Brunke (1); Elgin Co., Orwell, 15-VI-1978, D. Morris (1); Essex Co., Point Pelee Natl. Pk., wood area by W beach, malaise/pan traps, 10 to 23-IX-1999, O. Lonsdale (1); Hald.-Norfolk Reg.,Turkey Point Provincial Park, malaise trap, 3 to 28-VIII-2009, S. Paiero (1); Kent Co., Rondeau Prov. Park, spicebush trail, 42\u00b018'9N, 81\u00b051'6W, Carolinian forest, WPT, 16to17-VI-2003, Paiero and Carscadden (1); Wellington Co., Guelph, University arboretum nature reserve, ex. Beech litter, 3-V-2009, Brunke and Cheung (1); Guelph, Victoria Rd. and Conservation Line, 43.580, -80.275, hedgerow, pitfall, 2-VI-2009, A. Brunke (1).Sepedophilus occultus can be distinguished from other northeastern Sepedophilus with a reddish area at the base of each elytron by the combination of: basal abdominal segments with short bristles only; elytral epipleuron with few or no setae on its basal half; pronotum uniformly colored; elytra without coarse bristles laterally; apical ctenidium of mesotibia restricted to the apex CANADA: ON: Hald.-Norfolk Reg., Backus Tract Woods, sifting leaf litter under mushrooms, 7-VI-2009, A. Brunke and L. DesMarteaux (5); Backus Tract Woods, sifted litter in sugar maple-dominated, mesic forest, 2-IV-2010, A. Brunke (1); Kent Co., Rondeau Prov. Pk., spicebush trail, carolinian forest, malaise, 16 to 29-VII-2003, S. Marshall et al. (1); Rondeau Prov. Pk., south point trail, slough forest, sifting leaf litter, 27-IX-2009, A. Brunke and D.K.B. Cheung (1). Lambton Co., Pinery Prov. Pk., Carolinian Trail, hardwood forest, litter around white pines, 17-IV-2010, A. Brunke (3).Sepedophilus opicus can be distinguished from other members of genus in northeastern North America by a combination of: base of elytra with reddish markingsPageBreak extending laterally to the margin; basal abdominal segments with long bristles; elytral epipleuron uniformly setose; pronotal microsculpture distinct  in Backus Tract Woods, Ontario and this may be a preferred microhabitat.This widely distributed species is known from Alabama, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Qu\u00e9bec, Texas, and Virginia . Herein CANADA: ON: Kent Co., Rondeau Prov. Pk., spicebush trail, Carolinian forest, malaise, 3 to 16-VII-2003 (1), 15-VIII to 7-IX-2003 (1), Marshall et al., 16 to 29-VII-2003, S.A. Marshall (1).Sepedophilus versicolor can be easily separated from others of the genus except Sepedophilus crassus and Sepedophilus ctenidialis by the apical ctenidium of the mesotibia, which extends upwards along the lateral edge .ral edge . It is bSepedophilus crassus and in a \u2018rotten stump with a small nest\u2019 UNITED STATES: MA: Middlesex Co., Groton, 22-IV-2010, T. Murray (1).Tachinus corticinus is easily distinguished from congeners in northeastern North America by the combination of: pronotum and elytra lacking microsculpture; pronotum with at least borders paler than head; female tergite eight with all lobes of similar size; male sternite seven without apical lobes; small size (3.00\u20133.75 mm from clypeus to apex of elytra).PageBreak, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island .This exotic species was first collected in North America in St. Cyrville, Qu\u00e9bec in 1967 and was first recognized in North America by d Island  and Ontad Island . Herein d Island . Tachinuc region  and has c region , LevesquPageBreakCampbell, 1979CANADA: ON: Huron Co., Benmiller, Sharpes Creek Line, 43.691, -81.608, soybean field, pitfall, 18-IX-2009, A. Brunke (1).UNITED STATES: NH: Coos Co., Dixville, leaf litter, 6-IV-2010, T. Murray (1); Jefferson, leaf litter, grassy area near stream, 20-IV-2010, T. Murray (1); Dixville, 4-V-2010, T. Murray (4). MA: Middlesex Co., Groton, sifting hay, flood debris in farm field nr. drainage ditch, 30-IV-2010, T. Murray (1). VT: Orange Co., Topsham, sweeping low vegetation, 22-VI-2010, T. Murray (1).Tachyporus browni can be easily recognized amongst other northeastern Tachyporus by the combination of a bicolored abdomen and elytra without black discal markings .Tachyporus ornatus can be distinguished from all other large northeastern members of the genus except Tachinus lecontei, by the combination of a non-bicolored abdomen and the crisp, dark markings on the elytra. From Tachinus lecontei it is most easily identified by the fine microsculpture of the elytra which produces a strong metallic sheen (the former species completely lacks microsculpture).Alnus\u201d, and the lakeside habitat of the Ontario specimen recorded here suggest an affinity for decaying organic matter near water, but further collecting is necessary to confirm this.PageBreakThis species is transcontinental in North America with a disjunct population in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. It was previously known from the following states and provinces: Alberta, Colorado, Manitoba, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Qu\u00e9bec, Saskatchewan, and Vermont. Herein we newly record it from Ontario . The onlCasey, 1889CANADA: PEI: Stanhope Beach, National Park, d\u00e9bris v\u00e9g. sur plage (=beach debris), 23-VII-1979 (2) R. Sexton.Bledius neglectus can be identified to the Bledius basalis group of species by the combination of the complete elytral epipleuron, the undivided labrum and the lack of a suture on the epipleuron UNITED STATES: MA: Middlesex Co., Groton, 30-IV-2010, T. Murray, (1).CANADA: ON: Halton Reg., Milton, Derry Rd. and 4th line, grass field, yellow pans, 23 to 24-VI-2001, S. Paiero, (1); Huron Co., Auburn, Hullett-McKillop Rd. nr. Limekiln Line, 43.744, -81.507, soybean field, pitfall, 4-VIII-2010 (1), A. Brunke; Auburn, Limekiln Line, 43.736, -81.506, hedgerow, pitfall, 26-V-2010 (1), A. Brunke; Benmiller, Sharpes Creek Line, 43.691, -81.608, hedgerow nr. creek, canopy trap in buckthorn, 11-V-2009 (2), A. Brunke;Brucefield, London Rd. nr. Centennial Rd., 43.509, -81.516, hedgrerow nr. creek, pitfall, 11-V-2009 (1), A. Brunke; Ottawa, Carleton Place, 12-IX-1992, W. Bennett, (1); Peel Reg., Cooksville, pond margin, 30-V-1993, C. Krupke, (1); Waterloo Reg., Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd.1, 43.372, -80.362, hedgerow, pitfall, 18-V-2010 (1), A. Brunke; Wellington Co., Guelph, 10-IX-1980, Y. Deedat; Guelph, 17-IX-1980, Y. Deedat; Guelph, University Arboretum, 1-X-2005, M. Bergeron, (1); Guelph, Victoria Rd. and Conservation Line, 43.580, -80.275, soybean field, canopy trap, 23-VI-2009 (1), A. Brunke; York Reg., Stouffville, V-1982, Brian Brown, (1);PageBreakStenus clavicornis is, at present, only reliably distinguished from congeners in North America by its characteristic aedeagus United States: VA: Giles Co., Ripplemead, Rte. 460 at bridge, flood debris, 11 to 25-V-2008 (6) A. Brunke.Eustilicus tristis is the only northeastern member of the genus and its distinct habitus will readily identify it as a Eustilicus CANADA: ON: Huron Co., Auburn, Hullett-McKillop Rd. nr. Limekiln Line, 43.742, -81.514, hedgerow, pitfall, 26-V-2010 (1) A. Brunke; Auburn, Limekiln Line, 43.736, -81.506, hedgerow, canopy trap in buckthorn, 26-V-2010 (2) A. Brunke; Benmiller, Sharpes Creek Line, 43.691, -81.608, hedgerow nr. creek, pitfall, 11-V-2009 (1) A. Brunke; Muskoka Reg., S. Waseosa Rd., 8-VII-1996 (1)W. J. Crins; Wellington Co., Guelph, 26-V-1978 (1) Ron O. Kreazer; Guelph, under rock, 16PageBreak-III-1983 (1) Brian Brown; Guelph, University Arboretum nature reserve, sifting beech litter, 3-V-2009 (4) A. Brunke and D.K.B. Cheung, sifting litter, 6-VI-2009 (1) A. Brunke; York Co., Toronto, 2-V-1959 (2) R. J. Pilfrey.Medon is in need of revision in North America, and Medon fusculus is currently recognizable in North America only from the characteristic modifications of the male seventh sternite and aedeagus , 7-VII-2010 (6), 21-VII-2010 (4), 1-IX-2010 (1), A. Brunke; Benmiller, Sharpes Creek Line, 43.691, -81.608, hedgerow nr. creek, canopy trap in buckthorn, 22-VI-2009 (1) A. Brunke; Brucefield, London Rd. nr. Centennial Rd., 43.509, -81.516, soybean field, canopy trap, 22-VI-2009 (1) A. Brunke; Waterloo Reg., Blair, Dickie Settlement Rd. nr. WhistleBear golf course, 43.373, -80.400, soybean field, pitfall, 23-VI-2009 (1), 7-VII-2009 (2), 21-VII-2009 (1), A. Brunke; Blair, Fountain St. S. nr Speed River, 43.391, -80.373, soybean field, pitfall, 23-VI-2009 (3),7-VII-2009 (1) A. Brunke; Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd.1, 43.372, -80.362, soybean field, pitfall, 13-VII-2010 (4), A. Brunke; Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd. 1, 43.367, -80.358, soybean field, pitfall trap, 15-VI-2010 (3), 27-VII-2010 (1), A. Brunke. Wellington Co., Eramosa, Wellington County Rds. 124 and 29, 43.615, -80.215, soybean field, pitfall, 13-VII-2010 (2); Guelph, Victoria Rd. and Conservation Line, 43.580, -80.275, soybean field, pitfall trap, 23-VI-2009 (23), 7-VII-2009 (4), 21-VII-2009 (11), 4-VIII-2009 (1), 18-VIII-2009 (2), 1-IX-2009 (1), 15-IX-2009 (4); Guelph, Victoria Rd. and Conservation Line, 43.580, -80.275, soybean field, vacuum sampled from soybean foliage at 8pm, 16-VII-2009.Scopaeus is greatly in need of revision in North America and thus, Scopaeus minutus can only be recognized currently by the form of the aedeagus CANADA: ON: Huron Co., Auburn, Hullett-McKillop Rd. nr. Limekiln Line, 43.742, -81.514, hedgerow, canopy trap in buckthorn, 26-V-2010 (1); Waterloo Reg., Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd. 1, 43.367, -80.358, hedgerow, pitfall, 4-V-2010 (1); Wellington Co., Eramosa, Wellington County Rds. 124 and 29, 43.615, -80.215, hedgerow, pitfall, 4-V-2010 (1).Sunius melanocephalus may be easily recognized among other northeastern members of the genus by the combination of the non-serrate lateral margins of the pronotum and the bicolored body.Sunius melanocephalus is widely distributed ; Simcoe Co., Noisy River, Prov. Nature Res., beaver lodge, 28-IX-2008, S.A. Marshall (1).Acylophorus agilis is reliably separated from others in the diverse Acylophorus pronus - group only by the characteristically shaped paramere of the aedeagus CANADA: ON: Cochrane Dist., N. Moosonee, sandy beach, ridge along coastal marsh, Picea, Populus, Alnus and herbs, pitfall trap, 23-VI-1990, J. Pilny, (1).Bisnius cephalicus is readily distinguished from others of the genus in the northeast by the combination of: body bicolored with orange elytra; pronotum with five punctures in each dorsal row; eyes small, with the space behind them about three times longer UNITED STATES: VA: Giles Co., Mountain Lake, on dead fox squirrel, 11 to 25-V-2008, A. Brunke (3).CANADA: PEI: Long Pond, National Park, milieu mar\u00e9cageux (=marshy environment), 30-VII-1979, R. Sexton (2); West Covehead, d\u00e9bris sur la plage (=beach debris), 25-VII-1979, R. Sexton, (3).Bisnius siegwaldii is easily recognized among other species of the genus in the northeast by the combination of: body not bicolored; elytra dark; pronotum with at least five punctures in each dorsal row; head with punctures arranged to form a \u2018V\u2019 Bisnius sBisnius siegwaldii is a common species found in carrion, dung, rotting fungi, decaying plant matter and wood, moss, and in vegetation near water ; QC: La Valle\u00e9-de-la-Gatinaeu,Martindale, hutte \u00e0 castor (=beaver lodge), 19-IX-1976, R. Sexton (26).This species is easily recognized among others of the genus with a sparsely punctate forebody by its large size  and transverse head with slightly converging temples .Erichsonius brachycephalus was previously known from Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Texas (PageBreakand Qu\u00e9bec) and suggest that this species is broadly distributed in northeastern North America, reaching its northern limit in southernmost Canada CANADA: PEI: Long Pond National Park, milieu mar\u00e9cageux (=marshy environment), 30-VII-1979, R. Sexton (2).PageBreakErichsonius nanus can be recognized among the other densely punctate species in northeastern North America by its larger size , and the apical portion of the median lobe of the aedeagus, which is distinctly thin and sinuate in lateral view CANADA: ON: Kent Co., Rondeau Prov. Pk., spicebush trail, Carolinian forest, yellow pans, 25-V-2003, M. Buck and S. Paiero (1); Rondeau Prov. Pk., spicebush trail, Carolinian forest, yellow pans, 16 to 17-VI-2003, Buck and Carscadden (1); Wainfleet bog, 8km S of Welland, DIE pt. 1 \u2013north ditch (control), 10 to 24-V-1988, A. Stirling (1); 7 to 13-VI-1988, all collected by A. Stirling: D2H pt. 2 \u2013 \u20181962 zone\u2019(1), D4H pt. 4 \u2013 \u20181980 zone\u2019 (1), D5H pt. 5 \u2013 \u20181985 zone\u2019(1), D5E pt. 5 \u2013 \u20181985 zone\u2019 (1).Erichsonius parcus can be easily distinguished from other northeastern species of the genus with a sparsely punctate forebody, with the exception of Erichsonius pusio, by its small size . Erichsonius parcus could be separated from Erichsonius pusio by the paler coloration, the smaller eyes and the head broader behind the eyes. Head shape was found to be highly variable in both males and females of Erichsonius parcus and this character should not be used to identify this species. However, the length of the pronotum appears to be a reliable character and is subequal to that of the elytra in Erichsonius parcus , District of Columbia, Massachusetts, Louisiana, Virginia , and New \u2018drift\u2019  and at l \u2018drift\u2019 ; all CanSmetana, 1995CANADA: ON: Simcoe Co. Midhurst, forest nr. Neretva St., under bark of large beech trunk, 4-IX-2009, A. Brunke and K. Brunke (1).Gabrius amulius may be recognized by the combination of: large size ; eyes large, with temple that is distinctly less than twice as long as the eye; forebody without a greenish metallic lustre; elytra with sparsely distributed punctures that are separated by two to three times their diameter; area between basal lines on tergites two and three punctatePageBreak in Missouri by Gabrius amulius is almost certainly an uncommon specialist of deciduous or mixed forests.This apparently rare species was known from only five specimens at the time of its description  from locCANADA: ON: Huron Co., Auburn, Hullett-McKillop Rd. nr. Limekiln Line, 43.744, -81.507, soybean field, pitfall, 23-VI-2010 (1), 7-VII-2010 (2), A. Brunke; Auburn, Limekiln Line, 43.736, -81.506, soybean field, pitfall, 23-VI-2010 (1), 7-VII-2010 (1), 4-VIII-2010 (1), 18-VIII-2010 (1), A. Brunke; Waterloo Reg., Blair, Dickie Settlement Rd. nr. WhistleBear golf course, 43.373, -80.400, soybean field, pitfall, 23-VI-2009 (1), 7-VII-2009 (1), 21-VII-2009 (6), 4-VIII-2009 (1), A. Brunke; Blair, Dickie Settlement Rd. nr. WhistleBear golf course, 43.373, -80.400, hedgerow, canopy trap in buckthorn, 27-X-2009, A. Brunke (1); Blair, Fountain St. S. nr Speed River, 43.391 -80.373, soybean field, canopy trap, 15-IX-2009, A. Brunke (1);Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd.1, 43.372, -80.362, hedgerow, pitfall, 4-V-2010, A. Brunke (1); Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd.1, 43.372, -80.362, soybean field, pitfall, 29-VI-2010, A. Brunke (1); Blair, Whistlebare Rd. and Township Rd. 1, 43.367, -80.358, soybean field, pitfall trap, 13-VII-2010 (1), 25-VIII-2010 (1), A. Brunke; Wellington Co., Eramosa, Wellington County Rds. 124 and 29, 43.615, -80.215, hedgerow, pitfall, 4-V-2010, A. Brunke (2); Eramosa, Wellington County Rds. 124 and 29, 43.615, -80.215, soybean, pitfall, 15-VI-2010 (3), 29-VI-2010 (3), A. Brunke; Guelph, Victoria Rd. and Conservation Line, 43.580, -80.275, soybean field, pitfall, 21-VII-2009 (1), 4-VIII-2009 (6), 1-IX-2009 (4), A. Brunke; Guelph, Victoria Rd. and Conservation Line, 43.580, -80.275, soybean field, canopy trap, 4-VIII-2009 (1), 18-VIII-2009 (1), A. BrunkeGabrius appendiculatus can be distinguished from congenersin the northeast by the following combination of characters: area between basal lines on tergites two and three impunctate; basal antennomeres not distinctly paler than rest of antenna; males with sternite eight broadly notched; females with tergite 10 pointed (as opposed to truncate) apically.Gabrius subnigritulus (Reitter)) based on specimens collected as early as 1978 in Ormstown, Qu\u00e9bec and from other localities in British Columbia and Newfoundland; the earliest records from the west coast of North America were from 1979. Gabrius appendiculatus into the southern portion of Ontario from specimens collected in 2009\u20132010 ; Simcoe Co., Noisy River Prov. Pk., Res., beaver lodge, 28-IX-2008, S.A. Marshall (1).Gabrius vindex is easily distinguished from all other species of the genus in northeastern North America except Gabrius astutoides by the combinationPageBreak of: punctures of the elytra dense, separated by their widths or less; size large ; the area between the basal lines of tergites two and three punctate. From Gabrius astutoides it is most easily separated by the shape of the pronotum which is narrowed anteriorly in Gabrius vindex and parallel in Gabrius astutoides.Gabrius vindex from Ontario ; Leamington, pitfall trap, 17-VIII-1993 (1); Huron Co., Centralia, Dev 1A, pitfall, 16-VIII-1992 (1); Middlesex Co., London, southern crop protection research centre, corn pitfalls 3, 19-VII-1993 (1); London, southern crop protection research centre, pitfall/Masner trap, 2-VIII-1995, T. Sawinski (1).Neobisnius in northeastern North America by the combination of head completely lacking microsculpture, elytra with apically paler area limited to a narrow strip, and the maxillary palpi with at least one segment darkened.This species can be distinguished from other orange and black Neobisnius occidentoides is a widespread species and was previously known from Alberta, Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Manitoba, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wyoming CANADA: ON: Essex Co.,Middle Is., shore, yellow pans, 11-VI-2003, S.A. Marshall (1); Niagara Reg., Grimsby, J. Pettit (1).PageBreakNeobisnius terminalis is easily recognized among other orange and black species of the genus in northeastern North America by the elytra with a broad, pale apical area  was taken in pan traps on a gravel lake shore.This species was previously known from Arizona, California, Colorado, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Nova Scotia, Pennsylvania, Qu\u00e9bec, Texas, and Virginia . Herein Hatch, 1957CANADA: PEI: Brackley Beach, National Park, milieu mar\u00e9cageux (=marshy environment), 2-VIII-1979, R. Sexton (1); Long Pond, National Park, milieu mar\u00e9cageux (=marshy environment), 30-VII-1979, R. Sexton (2).This species is, at present, best identified by the shape of the median lobe of the aedeagus and branches of the paramere .Philonthus gavius is recognized among other northeastern Philonthus by the combination of: tergite eight distinctly emarginate in both sexes; elytra with most punctures separated by their widths; eyes longer than the temples.Philonthus gavius remain unknown but it is probably a species associated with wet areas similar to most other members of the Philonthus \u2018Quadricollis Group\u2019 sensu PageBreakThis species was previously known from Arkansas, Illinois, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas . It was Hatch, 1957CANADA: PEI: Brackley Beach, National Park, milieu mar\u00e9cageux (=marshy environment), 2-VIII-1979, R. Sexton, (3).Philonthus leechensis may be recognized among other northeastern Philonthus except for Philonthus umbrinoides Philonthus umbrinoides it can be differentiated by the distinct, obtuse hind angles of the head.PageBreakThis species was previously known from Alaska, Alberta, Arizona, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Idaho, Manitoba, Minnesota, Montana, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Oregon, Qu\u00e9bec, Saskatchewan, Washington, Wisconsin, and Yukon Territory , 2-VIII-1979, R. Sexton (6).Philonthus lindrothi can be distinguished fromnortheastern congeners other than Philonthus pseudolodes Smetana 1996 by the combination of: pronotum with five punctures in the dorsal row on at least one side; head with hind angles present but rounded; tergite eight not emarginate in either sex; elytra without distinct markings on the disc; hind tarsus with first segment shorter than last segment; antennae with basal segments not distinctly paler than others and with segments seven and eight elongate. Males can be readily separated from Philonthus pseudolodes by the notch in sternite eight not continuing as a grove towards its base .Philonthus neonatus is separated from other northeastern Philonthus by the combination of: pronotum with six punctures in both dorsal rows; pronotum no more than vaguely narrowed anteriorly; elytra distinctly red and without dark markings; elytra with micropunctures between the regular punctures; abdominal segments paler apically.PageBreak Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ontario, Pennsylvania, and Qu\u00e9bec , 2-VIII-1979, R. Sexton (13).PageBreakPhilonthus by the combination of: pronotum with punctures widely distributed and not in rows; legs and antennae completely dark; head with hind angles indistinct CANADA: ON: Wellington Co., Guelph, University Arboretum, rotting Polyporus squamosus, 29-VI-2008, A. Brunke (2); Guelph, University campus nr. horse pen, grass sweep, 13-VII-2008, C. Ho (1).Quedius by the combination of: elytra with three rows of coarse punctures on the disc; head without a pair of punctures between the ocular punctures; pronotum with three punctures in each dorsal row CANADA: ON: Essex Co., Windsor, ~1.5km S Ojibway Prairie, forest-prairie edge, malaise trap, 15-V to 1-VI-2001, S. Paiero (1); Windsor, ~1.5 km S Ojibway Prairie, private prairie, malaise, 5 to 12-VI-2001, S. Paiero (3); Windsor, ~1.5km S Ojibway Prairie, private prairie, malaise, 19 to 30-VI-2001, P. Pratt (2); Hald. \u2013Norfolk Reg., Charlotte 2 Rd., ~480m E of Charlotteville, West Quarterline Rd., \u2018C.C.S.N. -5\u2019, purple prism trap, 13 to 19-VI-2009, S.M. Paiero (1); PageBreak Reg.Halton, Milton, Derry Rd. and 4th Line, under composter, 16-X-2008, S. M. Paiero (1); Oxford Co., Woodstock, trails nr. river, 14-VI-2008, S.A. Marshall (1). Simcoe Co., Midhurst, forest nr. Neretva St., 28-IX-2008, A. Brunke and K. Brunke (1); Wellington Co., Guelph, University Campus, dairy bush, dry Polyporus squamosus, 22-IX-2008, A. Brunke (1).Quedius cruentus may be distinguished from other northeastern Quedius by the combination of: elytra evenly punctate; labrum distinctly bilobed; eyes distinctly shorter than temples; antennomeres one to three distinctly paler than others; distal antennomeres strongly transverse; pronotum with sublateral row of punctures longer than dorsal row.Quedius cruentus from Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Qu\u00e9bec, and established its presence in North America as early as 1983 in New York. Herein we newly report this species from Ontario .CANADA: ON: \u2018Ont.\u2019, 30-IX-1982, G. Abayo (1); Halton Reg., Oakville, nr hwy 25 and Burhamthorpe Rd., meadow, yellow pans, 12 to 14-IX-2003, S.M. Paiero (1); Hamilton Reg., Hamilton, 3-VIII-1984, M.T. Kasserra (1); Waterloo Reg., Blair, Fountain St. S. nr Speed River, 43.391, -80.373, hedgerow, pitfall, 28-IX-2009, A. Brunke (1); Wellington Co., Eramosa, Wellington County Rds. 124 and 29, 43.615, -80.215, hedgerow, pitfall, 4-V-2010 (1), 18-V-2010 (1), 2-XI-2010 (1), A. Brunke; Guelph, 17-VIII-1976, David Levin (1); Guelph, 7-VI-1983, C.F. Langlois (1); Guelph, University Arboretum, hand collected, 16-III-1983, L.B. Carlson (1); Guelph, 30-IX-1983, A. Harris (1); Guelph, 5-VII-1984, \u2018maple\u2019, T. Young (1); Guelph, 3-IV-1991, M. Kovacevick (1); Guelph, 14-X-1998, T. Phillips (1); Guelph, Victoria Rd. and Conservation Line, 43.580, -80.275, hedgerow, pitfall, 19-V-2009 (1), 17-XI-2009 (1), A. Brunke.Diagnosis. Quedius curtipennis can be distinguished from other northeastern Quedius by the combination of: elytra with even punctation; labrum not bilobed; scutellum impunctate; basal antennomeres not distinctly darker than the other segments CANADA: ON: Huron Co., Seaforth, 7-VII-1955, D. Keys (1).Quedius fulgidus may be distinguished from other northeastern Quedius by the combination of: elytra evenly punctate; labrum distinctly bilobed; eyes distinctly shorter than temples; antennomeres one to three not distinctly paler than others; distal antennomeres only slightly transverse; pronotum with sublateral row of punctures longer than dorsal row.Quedius iracundus  but as Quedius iracundus (=Q. fulgidus)was described in 1834 from Indiana, Quedius fulgidus has surely been present long before 1874. Currently, Quedius fulgidus is known from Arizona, British Columbia, California, Colorado, District of Columbia, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin  and has since become extremely common.This Palaearctic species was first correctly recognized in North America by racundus , a speciisconsin , and Tenisconsin . Herein isconsin . This spisconsin  but occuisconsin . In its c region . QuediusPorrhodites fenestralis and Bisnius cephalicus were newly recorded in Ontario, joining previous records from adjacent provinces to suggest a transcontinental distribution. Six staphylinid species were newly discovered in Canada at the northern extreme of their range, two of which are apparently entirely restricted in Canada to the Carolinian ecoregion (Sepedophilus versicolor and Erichsonius parcus). This relatively small area of southernmost Ontario is the most biodiverse region in Canada  in northeastern North America were previously fragmentary and were augmented by new data presented herein. Ten exotic species for which we give new state, or provincial, or national records are apparenly appear to be expanding their range in northeastern North America, and have the potential to become widespread across the continent. One of these species, Tachinus corticinus, was first collected in North America in 1967 but now dominates autumn leaf litter staphylinid assemblages in Ontario woodland fragments where it can comprise up to 47% of all individuals . Quedius curtipennis establishes its presence in eastern North America as early as 1976, seven years earlier than previously known.Curation of over 32,000 staphylinids deposited in the University of Guelph Insect Collection resulted in the discovery of thirty-five new provincial or state records, six new Canadian records, one new record for the United States and two new records for eastern Canada. Many of these specimens were aleocharines and a future publication is planned to report on the discoveries made while curating this subfamily. The majority of the records presented herein involved species of which were included in recent revisions (after 1970), suggesting that even of \u2018well-known\u2019 groups, our knowledge of staphylinid distributions remains incomplete. Two boreal beetles, n Canada  and has PageBreak rare or or potentially rare insect species, and the effective detection of exotic species, depends on the routine identification of specimens in collections and the regular implentation of regional insect surveys. We recommend increased support for these activities to develop and maintain a clear picture of biodiversity, and biodiversity change, in northeastern North America.The results of this paper demonstrate the key role of curated insect collections in understanding biodiversity in the boreal region, the imperilled \u2018Carolinian\u2019 region in Canada, and northeastern North America in general. An improved understanding of"}
+{"text": "AbstractAteleute F\u00f6rster 1869 belonging to the tribe Cryptini of the subfamily Cryptinae , collected from Jiangxi Province, China, are reported, of which two are new for science: Ateleute ferruginea Sheng, Broad & Sun, sp. n. and AAteleute zixiensis Sheng, Broad & Sun, sp. n. One, AAteleute densistriata , was previously known from China and Japan. A key to the species of genus Ateleute known in the Oriental Region is provided.Three species of  Ateleute F\u00f6rster 1869, belonging to the subfamily Cryptinae of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera), comprises 33 described species , is known in Taiwan, China.The species distributed in Ethiopian Region were reported by Ateleute, collected in Jiangxi Province, P.R. China, are reported.In the last four years the authors have been exploring Jiangxi Province, situated near the northern border of the Oriental part of China, and have collected large numbers of ichneumonids. In this article, the species belonging to Specimens were collected using entomological sweep nets in the forests of Anfu, Ji\u2019an, Longnan, Qianshan, Quannan and Zixi Counties, Jiangxi Province (CHINA).Images of whole bodies were taken using a CANON Power Shot A650 IS. Other images were taken using a Cool SNAP 3CCD attached to a Zeiss Discovery V8 Stereomicroscope and captured with QCapture Pro version 5.1.The morphological terminology is mostly that of The new species were checked against the species described by Type specimens are deposited in the Insect Museum, General Station of Forest Pest Management (GSFPM), State Forestry Administration, People\u2019s Republic of China.F\u00f6rster, 1869http://species-id.net/wiki/AteleuteAteleuteAteleute linearis F\u00f6rster.  F\u00f6rster, 1869. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, 25(1868): 171. Type-species: PsychostenusPsychostenus minusculae Uchida.  Uchida, 1955: 32. Type-species: TalorgaTalorga spinipes Cameron; monobasic.  Cameron, 1911: 63. Type-species: TsirirellaTsirirella tsiriria Seyrig; designated by Townes, Townes and Gupta 1961.  Seyrig, 1952: 44. Type-species: Ateleute can be distinguished from all other genera of Cryptini by combination of the following characters: Apical margin of clypeus sharp, truncate or coPageBreakncave. Lower tooth of mandible as long as or slightly longer than upper tooth. Epomia absent. Genal carina joining base of mandible or joining hypostomal carina near base of mandible. Sternaulus weak and shallow. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete. Areolet large, receiving 2m-cu basal of its middle, 3rs-m absent or almost absent. Hind wing vein M+Cu strongly arched, 2-1A absent or very short. First tergum without median dorsal carina, often with longitudinal wrinkles, spiracle near its middle. Ovipositor sheath about 0.65 times as long as hind tibia. Tip of ovipositor distinctly elongate. Cryptothelea minuscula Butler and Astala confederata (Grote & Robinson) (Psychidae). According to previous records , hosts aSheng, Broad & Sun sp.n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:34931ABC-632E-4AC7-B3CD-44D8BE899142http://species-id.net/wiki/Ateleute_ferruginea The specific name is derived from the terga being entirely brown.Holotype, Female, CHINA: Shuangjiang Forest Farm, Ji\u2019an County, 174 m, Jiangxi Province, 10 May 2009, leg. Lin-Da Li. Paratypes: 2 females, same data as holotype except 24 May 2009. Ateleute ferruginea can be distinguished from all other species of Ateleute by combination of the second tergum having circular, concentric striations http://species-id.net/Ateleute_densistriataPsychostenus densistriatus  Uchida, 1955: 33. The propodeum of the female was described as reddish brown . The femPageBreakLin-Da Li. 2 males, CHINA: Matubei, 330 m, Quannan County, Jiangxi Province, 27 May 2009, leg. Shi-Chang Li. 3 males, CHINA: Wuyishan, 1170 to 1200 m, Qianshan County, Jiangxi Province, 22 June to 11 July 2009, leg. Zhi-Yu Zhong. 2 males, CHINA: Quannan County, Jiangxi Province, 4 to 11 October 2009, leg. Shi-Chang Li. 1 male, CHINA: Quannan County, Jiangxi Province, 31 May 2010, leg. Shi-Chang Li. 17 males, CHINA: Jiulianshan, 580 m to 680 m, Longnan County, Jiangxi Province, 20 April to 6 June 2011, leg. Mao-Ling Sheng and Shu-Ping Sun. 1 female, CHINA: Shizikou, 200 m to 210 m, Anfu County, Jiangxi Province, 21 June 2011, leg. Zhong-Ping Yu.PageBreak 1 female 1 male, CHINA: Ji\u2019an County, Jiangxi Province, 21 May 2008, leg. Yi Kuang. 1 male, CHINA: Quannan County, 530 m, Jiangxi Province, 28 May 2008, leg. Shi-Chang Li. 1 male, CHINA: Quannan County, 630 m, Jiangxi Province, 7 November 2008, leg. Shi-Chang Li. 18 males, CHINA: Shuangjiang Forest Farm, 174 m, Ji\u2019an County, Jiangxi Province, 25 April to 15 June 2009, leg."}
+{"text": "There were errors in the Author Contributions. The correct contributions are: Conceived and designed the experiments: JC, EM, PH, DB.Performed the experiments: TS.Analyzed the data: AC, ATA, MO.Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PH, WM, SA.Wrote the paper: PH, EM, JC, AC."}
+{"text": "AbstractGlenea coomani Pic, 1926 distributed in Vietnam, Laos and China is redescribed, and its sibling species, Glenea neohumerosa sp. n. is described from China  and North Vietnam. They are separated from each otherby differences in genitalia, and apical teeth and maculae of elytra. Another four related species and one subspecies are illustrated with short notes and new localities, and the lectotype and paralectotype of Glenea tonkinea Aurivillius, 1925 are designated. A key to the related species is presented. Glenea coomani Pic, 1926 was originally described from North Vietnam, and Glenea humerosa Gressitt, 1940, described from Hainan Island, China had been synonymized with it by PageBreakprisingly found another species, which had been identified as Glenea coomani or Glenea humerosa by predecessors. This new species is distinguishable from Glenea coomani by having different elytral maculae, longer elytral apical teeth, and differing structure of male genitalia. Therefore, we describe Glenea neohumerosa sp. n., and compare it with Glenea coomani which is redescribed. We show the habitus of similar species which are compared with short notes and new localities. The following species are mentioned and keyed: Glenea coomani Pic, 1926, Glenea neohumerosa sp. n., Glenea lacteomaculata Schwarzer, 1925, Glenea lacteomaculata quadriguttata Pic, 1926, Glenea laodice Thomson, 1879, Glenea subalcyone Breuning, 1964, Glenea tonkinea Aurivillius, 1925.Types and other material studied are deposited in the following institutions or private collections:\tBishop Museum, Honolulu, USABM\tCalifornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USACAS\tChina Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaCAU\tCollection of Wenxuan Bi, Shanghai, ChinaCBWX\tCollection of Chang-chin Chen, Tianjin, ChinaCCCC\tCollection of Ming Jin, Shanghai, ChinaCJM\tCollection of Dong Wen, Qingdao, Shandong, ChinaCWD\tInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaIZAS\tMus\u00e9um National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceMNHN\tMus\u00e9um d'Histoire Naturelle, Lyon, FranceMHNL\tSwedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden (= Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm)NHRS\tNaturhistorisches Museum, Basel, Switzerland NMB\tShanghai Entomology Museum, Shanghai, ChinaSHEM\tSun-Yatsen University, Guangzhou, ChinaSYSUPichttp://species-id.net/wiki/Glenea_coomaniGlenea coomani  Pic, 1926: 21(Tonkin). [MNHN]Glenea humerosa  Gressitt, 1940: 206, pl. 6, fig. 4 (Hainan). .PageBreakHolotype of China: Yunnan: 1 male, Cheli to Damenglong, alt. 600 m, 1957.IV.22, leg. Dahua Liu (IZAS). Hainan: 1 male, Ledong, 1984.VIII.26, leg. Zhiqing Chen (IZAS). Vietnam: 1 male, Tonkin, Hoa-Binh (MNHN); 1 female, same data but ; 1 male, Tonkin, Hoa-Binh, leg. A. de Cooman (IZAS); 1 female, same data but . Laos: 2 males, Ban Van Heue, 20 km E. of Phou-kow kuei, 1965.V.1\u201315, leg. J. A. Rondon (BM); 18 males 18 females, Phontiou, 1965.V.15 .urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9C4BC446-D2E5-4E4E-9BDD-F66245CC93C5http://species-id.net/wiki/Glenea_neohumerosaMale : length:Head hardly broader than prothorax, deeply, and in part closely punctured, feebly concave at vertex. Eyes deeply emarginate, inferior eye lobes subequal to  or 2 times as high as  genae below it, width much less than half of frons. Antennae longer than body, male longer than female; scape thicknened apical without cicatrix not a ridge; antennomere ratio : 12 : 3 : 18 : 15 : 14 : 13 : 13 : 12 : 12 : 11 : 12; : 13 : 3 : 21 : 17 : 16 : 15 : 14 : 14 : 13 : 12 : 13. Prothorax almost as broad as long  or broader than long , swollen laterally before middle, disc convex and somewhat deeply and closely punctured. Elytra rounded at humeri, slightly narrowed apically, each with 2 humeral longitudinal ridges beginning after humeri and reaching close to apex, truncated apically, with short and small teeth at the suture, long and sharp spine at the outer angle, surface with coarse and irregular punctures. Legs stout, middle tibiae grooved, hind femur reaching middle to apex of third abdominal segment, first hind tarsal segment longer than , or nearly as long as  following two segments combined. Male claws: the anterior claws of the mid tarsi with a short  tooth , fore anPageBreak bifurcated distally; median lobe plus median struts moderately curved, subequal to tegmen in length; the median struts about one half of the whole length of median lobe; dorsal plate shorter than ventral plate; apex of ventral plage .Named derived on similarity to and misidentification as The yellow color of the pubescence turns into white when the specimens are dried.China: Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian; Vietnam (Tonkin).China: Guangxi: 2 males, Jinxiu, Luoxiang, alt. 400 m, 1999.V.14, 15, leg. Decheng Yuan 1859449, 1859447); 1 male, Guangxi, Nanning, Wuming county, Mt. Damingshan , alt. 1200 m, 2011.VII.11, coll. Yanquan Lu (CWD). Hainan: 1 female, Hainan Exp. 1934.IV.18 1859445); 1 male, Hainan Exp. 1934.III.26 1859446); 1 male 1 female, Hainan, Lingshui county, Diaoluoshan, alt. 1000 m, 2010.IV.23, leg. Ziwei Yin (SHEM); 1 female, Hainan, Ledong, Jiangfengling, Mingfenggu, 2011.V.25, alt. 1000 m, leg. Wenxuan Bi (CBWX); 1 female, Hainan, Ledong, 1962.IX.17, leg. Yaoquan Li ; 1 male, Ledong, Jianfengling, Tianchi, 1948.VII.27, leg. Yi Liang . Fujian: 1 female, Wuyishan Nature Reserve, 2009.VII.10\u201317, leg. Ming Jin (CJM). Vietnam: 1 female, Tonkin, Backan, 1907, leg. Lemee 1859450).Holotype: male (10.2 mm long), Guangxi, Jinxiu, Shengtangshan, alt. 900 m, 1999.V.17, leg. Xingke Yang 1859448). Paratypes: Pichttp://species-id.net/wiki/Glenea_lacteomaculata_quadriguttataGlenea 4-guttata  Pic, 1926: 22.Glenea (Glenea) lacteomaculataquadriguttata; Breuning, 1956: 743.  sbsp. Glenea lacteomaculata Schwarzer, 1925 and Glenea lacteomaculata quadriguttata Pic, 1926 are doubtful for the authors. The specimens from Guangxi and Yunnan provinces are conspecific to Glenea lacteomaculata quadriguttata and herein the new localities are reported.Due to lack of material from Taiwan, the differences between new country record): Guangxi, Yunnan; Vietnam (Tonkin).China . Vietnam: 5 males 4 females, Tonkin occ. Env. de Hoa-Binh, 1919, leg. R.P.A. de Cooman ; 1 male 1 female, Tonkin Env. De Hoa-Binh ; 2 females, Tonkin, HoaBinh, 1939.VII, leg. A. de Cooman .: 1 male , LongzhoBreuninghttp://species-id.net/wiki/Glenea_subalcyoneGleneas. s) subalcyone Breuning, 1964: 20, fig. page 21.  (Gleneas. str.) subalcyone; Rondon and Breuning 1971: 535.  : Yunnan; Laos.China . [MNHN]Glenea (Glenea) tonkineabasirufofemorata Breuning, 1956: 743 (Tonkin). [MHNL]  m. Glenea (Glenea) tonkineaapicetruncata Breuning, 1956: 743 (Tonkin). [NMB]  m. Glenea pici Aurivillius in having pubescent maculae white; in having different male claws. Differs from Glenea lacteomaculata Schwarzer in having spot at middle of elytron transverse, anterior claw in mid tarsus of male with long tooth ; Vietnam (Tonkin), Myanmar (new country record).China Glenea (Glenea) tonkinea m. apicetruncata Breuning, male, Tonkin Mts. Mauson, alt. 2000\u20133000 feet, IV\u2013V, leg. H. Fruhstorfer . Type of Glenea (Glenea) tonkinea m. basirufofemorata Breuning, male, Tonkin, Hoa Binh ; paratype, female, same data.Lectotype, male, Tonkin, Hoo Binh (=Hoa Binh) . Paralectotype, female, Tonkin, Ho Bing (=Hoa Binh) (NHRS-JLKB000020243). Holotype of China: Guangxi: 1 male, Longzhou, Nonggang, alt. 330 m, 2000.VI.5, leg. Wenzhu Li (IZAS); 1 male, Longzhou, Shida, 1980.V.24 ; 1 female, Guangxi, Xiashi, 1963.V.7, leg. Jikun Yang (CAU). Vietnam: 1 female, Tonkin, Hoa-Binh (IRSNB); 3 males 3 females, same data but ; 1 male 1 female, Tonkin occ. Env. de Hoa-Binh, 1919, leg. A. de Cooman ; 1 female, Tonkin ; 1 male, Tonkin N. env. D'ha-Giang, 1914, leg. Lieut (MNHN); 1 female, Tonkin Reg. de Hao-Binh, 1927, leg. A. de Cooman (MNHN); 1 female, Tonkin, Baokan, 1907.VIII, leg. P. Lemee ; 1 female, Tonkin centr. Region de Chiem-Hoa et de Tuyen-Quam, 1901, leg. A. WeissPageBreak (MNHN). Myanmar: 1 female, Birmanie (Hte.) Mines des Rubis, alt. 1200\u20132300 m, 1890, leg. Doherty (MNHN).Glenea coomani group by the following characters : pronotum largely black, generally with a white or yellow median stripe; body covered with pubescence instead of metallic squama ; elytron black with an apical spot and 4 or 5 unequal sized spots. They differ from Glenea relicta group by elytral spots (not include the band just before apex) with unequal size and located in different position.The above species are grouped as"}
+{"text": "AbstractThe herbarium of University of Extremadura (UNEX Herbarium) is formed by 36451 specimens of vascular plants whose main origin is the autonomous region of Extremadura (Spain) and Portugal, although it also contains a smaller number of specimens from different places, including the rest of peninsular Spain, the Baleares Islands, the Macaronesian region , northwest of Africa (Morocco) and Brazil. 98% of the total records are georeferenced.http://data.gbif.org/datasets/resource/255 and http://www.eweb.unex.es/eweb/botanica/herbario/. This paper describes the specimen associated data set of the UNEX Herbarium, with an objective to disseminate the data contained in a data set with potential users, and promote the multiple uses of the data.It is an active collection in continuous growth. Its data can be accessed through the GBIF data portal at  Established in 1986, the specimens that the herbarium of vascular plants collection of University of Extremadura (UNEX Herbarium) incorporates is the result of the work of collections and identifications by different researchers, associated with the Botany Area  of the University of Extremadura. Chief amongst these individuals include: Professor Juan Antonio Devesa, founder and director of the herbarium until 2004, and Dr. Trinidad Ruiz, curator and current director of the UNEX Herbarium. Significant contributions have also been made by Professor Ana Ortega-Olivencia, Dr. Rafael Tormo, Dr. Josefa L\u00f3pez, and Dr. Tom\u00e1s Rodr\u00edguez-Ria\u00f1o. Other researchers who contributed to the growth of the UNEX Herbarium includes, M\u00aa Carmen Viera, Jacinto Pedro Carrasco, Adolfo Mu\u00f1oz, Inmaculada Montero, and Francisco M\u00aa V\u00e1zquez. In addition, the disinterested work developed throughout time by a lot of students of the University of Extremadura, especially, M\u00aa Luisa Navarro P\u00e9rez and Dr. Francisco Javier Valtue\u00f1a.http://www.floraiberica.org/). Additionally, 4.5% of the material comes from the purchase of part of the herbarium of Dr. J.V.C. Malato-Beliz.The development of different research projects has made it possible to improve the quality of the herbarium. Among them, the numerous compilations carried out by differents members of the Botany Area in order to elaborate the first flora of the Extremadura region  or the sLimited and unpredictable funding has always pose challenge for ensuring sustained growth of the collection facility since its establishment.Magnoliopsida (27143 specimens) and Liliopsida (8508 specimens). These classes are followed by Filicopsida (505 specimens), Lycopsida (138 specimens), Coniferopsida (104 specimens), Equisetopsida (24 specimens), Ophioglossopsida (14 specimens), Gnetopsida (6 specimens), Taxopsida (4 specimens) Cycadopsida and Gingkgopsida (both with 2 specimens), and Psilotopsida (1 specimen).As depicted in Poaceae and Fabaceae family respectively. This is followed by Asteraceae (15%), Scrophulariaceae (6%), Lamiaceae (6%), Caryophyllacae (5%), Brassicaceae (4%), Cyperaceae (4%), Rubiaceae (3%), Ranunculaceae (3%), Liliaceae (3%), Boraginaceae (3%), Apiaceae (3%), and Cistaceae (2%). The herbarium includes 1253 genera (Trifolium (1345 specimens), Ranunculus (623 specimens), Scrophularia (583 specimens), Vicia (537 specimens), Stipa (505 specimens), Galium (479 specimens), Juncus (439 specimens), Vulpia (381 specimens), Medicago (365 specimens) and Bromus (342 specimens).UNEX herbarium represents 210 families, of which 22% and 21% of the specimens belongs to 3 genera , signifiPageBreakKingdom:PlantaePhylum:Pteridophyta, SpermatophytaClass:Magnoliopsida, Liliopsida, Filicopsida, Lycopsida, Coniferopsida, Equisetopsida, Ophioglossopsida, Gnetopsida, Taxopsida, Cycadopsida, Gingkgopsida, Psilotopsida.Family:Acanthaceae, Aceraceae, Adiantaceae, Agavaceae, Aizoaceae, Alismataceae, Amaranthaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae, Apocynaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Araceae, Araliaceae, Araucariaceae, Arecaceae, Aristolochiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Aspidiaceae, Aspleniaceae, Asteraceae, Athyriaceae, Azollaceae, Balanophoraceae, Balsaminaceae, Basellaceae, Begoniaceae, Berberidaceae, Betulaceae, Bignoniaceae, Blechnaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Buddlejaceae, Butomaceae, Buxaceae, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Calycanthaceae, Calyceraceae, Campanulaceae, Cannabaceae, Cannaceae, Capparaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Casuarinaceae, Celastraceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Characeae, Chenopodiaceae, Cistaceae, Clethraceae, Clusiaceae, Cneoraceae, Commelinaceae, Convolvulaceae, Coriariaceae, Cornaceae, Crassulaceae, Cryptogrammaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Cunoniaceae, Cupressaceae, Cyathaceae, Cycadaceae, Cyperaceae, Davalliaceae, Dicksoniaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Dipsacaceae, Droseraceae, Ebenaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Elaphoglossaceae, Elatinaceae, Empetraceae, Ephedraceae, Equisetaceae, Ericaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Flacourtiaceae, Fontinalaceae, Frankeniaceae, Fumariaceae, Gentianaceae, Geraniaceae, Gesneriaceae, Ginkgoaceae, Globulariaceae, Grossulariaceae, Guttiferaceae, Haloragaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Hemionitidaceae, Hippocastanaceae, PageBreakPageBreakHydrangeaceae, Hydrophyllaceae, Hymenophyllaceae, Hypolepidaceae, Iridaceae, Isoetaceae, Juglandaceae, Juncaceae, Juncaginaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Lemnaceae, Lentibulariaceae, Liliaceae, Linaceae, Loranthaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Lythraceae, Magnoliaceae, Malpighiaceae, Malvaceae, Maranthaceae, Marsileaceae, Melastomataceae, Meliaceae, Melianthaceae, Mimosaceae, Molluginaceae, Monimiaceae, Moraceae, Myoporaceae, Myricaceae, Myrsinaceae, Myrtaceae, Najadaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Oleaceae, Onagraceae, Ophioglossaceae, Orchidaceae, Orobanchaceae, Osmundaceae, Oxalidaceae, Paeoniaceae, Papaveraceae, Passifloraceae, Phytolaccaceae, Pinaceae, Piperaceae, Pittosporaceae, Plantaginaceae, Platanaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Poaceae, Podocarpaceae, Polemoniaceae, Polygalaceae, Polygonaceae, Polypodiaceae, Pontederiaceae, Portulacaceae, Potamogetonaceae, Primulaceae, Proteaceae, Psilotaceae, Pteridaceae, Punicaceae, Pyrolaceae, Rafflesiaceae, Ranunculaceae, Resedaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae, Ruppiaceae, Rutaceae, Salicaceae, Santalaceae, Sapindaceae, Saxifragaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Selaginellaceae, Simaroubaceae, Sinopteridaceae, Solanaceae, Sparganiaceae, Sterculiaceae, Styracaceae, Symplocaceae, Tamaricaceae, Taxaceae, Theaceae, Theligonaceae, Thelypteridaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Tiliaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Typhaceae, Ulmaceae, Umbelliferaceae, Urticaceae, Valerianaceae, Verbenaceae, Violaceae, Vitaceae, Zannichelliaceae, Zingiberaceae, ZygophyllaceaeSpecimens deposited in the UNEX Herbarium have been collected mainly from Iberian Peninsula  northwest of Africa (Morocco) and Brazil. As indicated in The specimens better represented in the database correspond to elements of the Mediterranean forest and/or scrubland. These specimens are developed under a seasonal climate of mild winters and hot and dry summers, with abundant rainfall in autumn and spring. Frequent in this climate are forest fires, to which the vegetation is adapted. Specimens from Brazil (except one specimen collected in the state of Santa Catarina), are collected in the state of R\u00edo Grande do Sul. This state has a humid subtropical climate and a hydrography classified into three major regions: Uruguay River Basin, Guaiba River, and Litoral.Coordinates: 38\u00b00'0\"S and 52\u00b00'0\"N Latitude; 115\u00b00'0\"W and 65\u00b00'0\"E longitude.PageBreak1911 \u2013 2013. As shown in Collection name: UNEX Herbarium, University of Extremadura.Collection identifier:http://data.gbif.org/datasets/resource/255Formation period: 1986-2013Specimen preservation method: Dried and pressedCuratorial unit: 36451 with an uncertainty of 0 (Sheets)Curatorial unit: 1253 with an uncertainty of 0 (Genera)PageBreakthem to a flat surface and remove water from the tissue, thereby preventing their degeneration or attacks by bacteria, fungi or insects that would destroy them.Dried and pressed method has been adopted for preservation of the specimens deposited in the collection. After collection of specimens in the field (see \u201csampling description\u201d for the collection protocol) they are pressed and dried with the aim of adapting Assembly of specimens: The dried material is mounted on a holder constituted by an A3 cardboard (42 \u00d7 29.7 cm) and a resistant paper  dimension A2 (42 \u00d7 59.4 cm) that perfectly covers the cardboard, thus protecting the specimen. The assembly is made on the cardboard with transparent tape, allowing both that the specimen be tighten to the holder and that the assembly be aesthetic.Registration of herbarium specimens: After assembly, specimens are registered and labeled. Registration is done in a database (Microsoft Office Access Database \u2192 DarwinCore 1.2) in which each specimen is assigned a reference number allocated consecutively. The information contained in the record of each specimen is: institution owner of the herbarium, reference number, scientific name of the family and species, date of collection, georeferencing data , habitat, Legitimavit, and Determinavit. All log data are printed and constitute the sheet label.Treatment of specimens: Before putting the specimens in the herbarium they are stored in hermetic plastic boxes and kept for 72 hours in cold storage (freezers) at -40\u00b0C. In this way the material is decontaminated from possible attacks of pathogens that can destroy them and the rest of material already in the herbarium.PageBreakStorage of specimens: Finally, the specimens are kept inside compact enclosures in shelves where they are arranged taking into account the four main groups: pteridophytes, gymnosperms, monocots, and dicots. Within each main group the specimens are alphabetical arranged by families and genera.Iberian Peninsula is the most significant geographic zone represented in UNEX Herbarium. As evident from the previous section, the specimens deposited in the UNEX Herbarium comes from diverse regions, which is outcome of several research projects depositing the specimens. As a result, specimens are not collected using a single, uniform protocol. Of the materials from donations or purchases  the protocol followed for the collection of specimens is unknown. The methodology used in collecting plants by researchers from the Botany Area may change depending on the objectives pursued by the work they are carried out for.In general, collection takes place following previous available references drawn from scientific works, herbarium material or indications from reliable collectors. The collection campaigns are designed to be more or less exhaustive of different available areas depending on the purpose of the collection .PageBreakprising the taxonomic synthesis of families Adoxaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Dipsacaceae, Rubiaceae and Valerianaceae, and XVI  in which these experts are responsible for the genera PageBreakArctium, Atractylis, Carlina, Crupina, Cynara, Echinops, Onopordum, Rhaponticum, Saussurea, Staehelina, and Xeranthemum. It is worth also to note the publications of new species of flora , whose typus are preserved in UNEX Herbarium.Each specimens and associated data record was subjected to two quality procedures; (a) taxonomic determination or identification and (b) geo-referencing. For taxonomic identification, trusted experts were contacted, the 85% of the material has been identified by investigators of the Botany Area of the University of Extremadura. These experts have authored number of monographs, which include Vegetaci\u00f3n y Flora de Extremadura  in whichFabaceae , while at the same time maintaining the MGRS coordinates in the database. The accuracy of these coordinates grids varies from 1 km2 to 10 km2. The geographical coordinates have been taken through the description of localities and search of these localities in http://www.google.com/earth/index.html). The accuracy of geographic coordinate values \u200b\u200balso varies between 2 and 12 km depending on the number of decimal places contained.The 98% of the records in the collection are georeferenced. A total of 58.38% have MGRS coordinates and the rest geographical coordinates. The MGRS coordinate system has been transformed into geographical coordinates through a geographic calculator (Object name: Herbarium of Vascular Plants Collection of the University of Extremadura (Spain)Character encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0Distributionhttp://www.gbif.es:8080/ipt/resource.do?r=collectionherbariumextremaduraPublication date of data: 2013-05-18Language: EnglishLicenses of use: This database \u201cHerbarium of Vascular Plants Collection of the University of Extremadura (Spain)\u201dis made available under license Open Data Commons Attribution: http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/DarwinCore elements: Twenty two (22) DarwinCore (http://purl.org/dc/terms/) elements included in the dataset published through the GBIF network. These are (a) modified, (b) infraspecificEpithet, (c) eventDate, (d) family, (e) basisOfRecord, (f) kingdom, (g) typeStatus, (h) collectionCode, (i) catalogNumber, (j) scientificName, PageBreak(k) locality, (l) individualCount, (m) scientificNameAuthorship, (n) institutionCode (o) decimalLongitude, (p) country, (q) preparations, (r) identifiedBy, (s) stateProvince, (t) recordedBy, (u) recordNumber, (v) decimalLatitude, (w) genus, (x) specificEpithet and (y) occurrenceRemarks.Character encoding: iso-8859-1Format name: AccessFormat version: 1.0Distribution:http://data.gbif.org/datasets/resource/255Metadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 2013-03-20Hierarchy level: Dataset"}
+{"text": "Published 4 March 2014Ishikawa H, Ide T, Yagi T, Jiang X, Hirono M, Sasaki H, Yanagisawa H, Wemmer KA, Stainier DYR, Qin H, Kamiya R, Marshall WF. 2014. TTC26/DYF13 is an intraflagellar transport protein required for transport of motility-related proteins into flagella. In the published article, the legends for Videos 5 and 6 were switched.This has been corrected."}
+{"text": "AbstractGastropoda were most species rich 50 species followed by Bivalvia (37), Aplacophora (5), Scaphopoda (3) and one from each of Polyplacophora and Monoplacophora.Information regarding the molluscs in this dataset is based on the epibenthic sledge (EBS) samples collected during the cruise BIOPEARL II / JR179 RRS James Clark Ross in the austral summer 2008. A total of 35 epibenthic sledge deployments have been performed at five locations in the Amundsen Sea at Pine Island Bay (PIB) and the Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) at depths ranging from 476 to 3501m. This presents a unique and important collection for the Antarctic benthic biodiversity assessment as the Amundsen Sea remains one of the least known regions in Antarctica. Indeed the work presented in this dataset is based on the first benthic samples collected with an EBS in the Amundsen Sea. However we assume that the data represented are an underestimation of the real fauna present in the Amundsen Sea. In total 9261 specimens belonging to 6 classes 55 families and 97 morphospecies were collected. The species richness per station varied between 6 and 43.  Project title: BIOPEARL II-JR 179 RRS James Clark Ross 2008Personnel: Camille Moreau, Katrin Linse, Huw Griffiths, Peter Enderlein and David BarnesFunding: This study is part of the British Antarctic Survey Polar Science for Planet Earth Programme funded by the Natural Environment Research Council.Study extent description: The study area of this dataset was set in the eastern Amundsen Sea and focused on the continental shelf, upper slope and over-deepened shelf basins of the Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) and Pine Island Bay (PIB). This dataset presents species occurrences and species richness of the individual epibenthic sledge (EBS) deployments. PIB appears to be the third largest drainage outlet of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet . BIOPEARL , a core project at the British Antarctic Survey, studied the southern Bellingshausen and eastern Amundsen seas to assess the biodiversity at local and regional scales (comparable to the BIOPEARL 2006 cruise to the Scotia Sea) and investigate the phylogenetic relationships of selected marine invertebrate taxa and their biogeography in reference to the climatological, oceanographical and geological history of the Bellingshausen/Amundsen Seas. The results are used to determine of the role of Antarctica and extreme environments in general in evolutionary innovation and generation of global biodiversity. The species presence data are added to SOMBASE (Southern Ocean Mollusc Database www.antarctica.ac.uk/sombase). SOMBASE generated initial core data system upon which SCAR\u2019s Marine Biodiversity Information Network (SCAR-MarBIN) was built. As SCAR-MarBIN is the Antarctic Node of the international OBIS network, the SOMBASE data system was designed to comply with the Darwin Core standards. Regarding the dataset, the existing Data Toolkit from SCAR-MarBIN was used (http://www.scarmarbin.be/documents/SM-FATv1.zip), following PageBreakthe OBIS schema (http://iobis.org/data/schema-and-metadata). The dataset was uploaded in the ANTOBIS database , and the taxonomy was matched against the Register of Antarctic Marine Species, using the Taxon Match tool (http://www.scarmarbin.be/rams.php?p=match). The dataset meets the Darwin Core requirements and was designed around this data schema.Sampling description: Five locations in the Pine Island Bay (PIB) and Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) at different depths ranging from 476 to 3501m have been sampled using an epibenthic sledge (EBS). Most deployments were made along depth transects from shallow to overdeepened continental shelf and to deeper slope (https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/information_and_inventories/cruise_inventory/report/8277/).er slope  and 2. AThis dataset presents 34 EBS deployments: 21 of which were performed at a depth of 500m at four different sites  , six at a 1000m depth in three areas , five at a depth of 1500m at three different sites , and two replicates at site BIO8-3500 in 3500m depth. For three of the five locations, sites were positioned along vertical transects sampling at 500m, 1000m and 1500m with repeat deployments of the EBS. The sites BIO4-1, BIO4-2 and BIO4-3 and BIO6-1, BIO6-2 and BIO6-3 were situated in the same local area; while the sites BIO5-1, BIO5-2 and BIO5-3 were dispersed over a wider area because of ice cover. The EBS consist of on an epi-(below) and a supra-(above) net. Each of these nets has a mesh size of 500\u03bcm and an opening of 100x33cm. The cod end of both nets is equipped with net-buckets containing a 300\u03bcm mesh window . The EBSQuality control description: A species name was given to each specimen when it was possible. Individuals not corresponding to described species have been included in the analyses with the family or genus name and a letter or numerical code (e.g. Turbinidae gen. sp.), however they represent a single morphospecies.For these specimens, further morphological and genetic analyses are necessary to give them a species name but they can be included in this dataset as different species. Finally, specimens too badly damaged for species identification have not been taken in account here.This dataset presents species occurrences and species richness of the individual EBS deployments.PageBreakPageBreakGeneral taxonomic coverage description: The present dataset focus on six molluscs classes . It includes respectively for each class:Class:AplacophoraSpecies:Aplacophora sp. 1, Aplacophora sp. 2, Aplacophora sp. 3, Aplacophora sp. 4, Aplacophora sp. 5Class:PolyplacophoraFamily:LeptochitonidaeGenus:LeptochitonSpecies:Leptochiton sp.Class:MonoplacophoraFamily:MicropilinidaeGenus:MicropilinaSpecies:Micropilina sp.Class:GastropodaFamily:Scissurellidae, Ataphridae, Mangeliidae, Capulidae, Calliotropidae, Seguenzioidea, Turbinidae, Turridae, Eulimidae, Limacinidae, Eatoniellidae, Cancellarioidea, Naticidae, Rissoidae, Diaphinidae, Fissurellidae, Raphitomidae, Cylichnidae, Lepetidae, Orbitestellidae, Buccinidae, Mathildidae, Newtoniellidae, Marginellidae, CavoloniidaeGenus:Anatoma, Trochaclis, Lorabela, Belalora, Torellia, Capulus, Calliotropis, Brookula, Brookula, Lissotesta, Liotella, Cirsonella, Balcis, Onoba, Hemiaclis, Limacina, Eatoniella, Cancellaridae gen., Falsilunatia, Pseudomauropsis, Sinuber, Powellisetia, Rissoid, Toledonia, Fissurellidae gen., Cornisepta, Zeidora, Pleurotomella, Cylichna, Iothia, Microdiscula, Pareuthria, Turritellopsis, Cerithiella, Eumetula, Marginella, ClioSpecies:Anatoma euglypta, Trochaclis antarctica, Lorabela pelseneeri, Belalora cf striatula, Torellia insignis, Capulus sp., Calliotropis pelseneeri, Brookula cf charleenae, Brookula sp. b, Lissotesta sp., Liotella sp., Liotella cf endeavourensis, Cirsonellaextrema, Turbinid sp. Turrid sp. 1, Turrid sp. 2, Balcis sp. Onoba cf gelida, Hemiaclis incolorata, Limacina helicina, Eatoniella cf kerguelenensis regularis, Cancellarid sp. Falsilunatia sp. Pseudomauropsis anderssoni, Sinuber microstriatum, Powellisetia cf deserta, Rissoid sp. Toledonia sp. 1, Toledonia sp. 2, Toledonia cf elata, Fissurellidae gen. sp. 1, Fisserulidae gen. sp. 2, Cornisepta antarctica, Zeidora antarctica, Pleurotomella cf simillima, Cylichna sp. Iothia sp. Microdiscula sp. Pareuthria cf innocens, Turritellopsis gratissima, Cerithiella cf lineata, Cerithiella cf erecta, Eumetula cf strebeli, Marginella ealesae, Clio antarcticaPageBreakClass:BivalviaFamily:Nuculanidae, Nuculidae, Yoldiidae, Limopsidae, Philobryidae, Mytilidae, Limidae, Pectinidae, Propeamussiidae, Thyasiridae, Motacutidae, Lasaeidae, Cyamiidae, Carditidae, Thraciidae, Cuspidariidae, Lyonsiidae, Poromyidae, Neoleptonidae, Siliculidae, Arcidae, Vesicomyidae, Tindariidae, BathyspinulidaeGenus:Propeleda, Ennucula, Yoldiella, Limopsis, Philobrya, Adacnarca, Dacrydium, Limatula, Adamussium, Hyalopecten, Cyclochlamys, Thyasira, Mysella, Waldo, Cyamiocardium, Cyclocardia, Thracia, Cuspidaria, Myonera, Lyonsia, Poromya, Neolepton, Silicula, Bathyarca, Vesicomya, Tindaria, BathyspinulaSpecies:Propeleda longicaudata, Ennucula sp. Yoldiella ecaudata, Yoldiella sabrina, Yoldiella valettei, Yoldiella cf profundorum, Yoldiella oblonga, Yoldiella sp. Limopsis longipilosa, Limopsis knudseni, Philobrya sublaevis, Philobrya quadrata, Adacnarca nitens, Dacrydium albidum, Limatula Limatula sp. Limatula Antarctolima sp. Adamussium colbecki, Hyalopecten pudicus, Cyclochlamys pteriola, Cyclochlamys gaussiana, Thyasira sp. Mysella antarctica, Waldo sp. Cyamiocardium denticulatum, Cyclocardia astartoides, Thracia meridionalis, Cuspidaria infelix, Cuspidaria minima, Myonera fragilissima, Lyonsia arcaeformis, Poromya antarctica, Neolepton sp. Silicula rouchi, Bathyarca sinuata, Vesicomya sirenkoi, Tindaria sp. Bathyspinula sp.Class:ScaphopodaFamily:Dentaliidae, Pulsellidae, GadilidaeGenus:Dentalium, Striopulsellum, CadulusSpecies:Dentalium majorinum, Striopulsellum minimum, Cadulus thieleiGeneral spatial coverage: Amundsen Sea, AntarcticaCoordinates: 74\u00b029'24\"S and 70\u00b01'12\"S; 110\u00b05'24\"W and 104\u00b020'24\"WTemporal coverage: February 18, 2008\u2013April 11, 2008Natural collections descriptionParent collection identifier: British Antarctic SurveyCollection name: BIOPEARL II EBS MolluscsCollection identifier: Moreau/LinseSpecimen preservation method: Ethanol/Formaldehyde- Epibenthic sledge sampling in the Amundsen SeaPageBreak- Once on the deck, the content of the samplers from the first deployment was immediately fixed in 96% undenaturated and pre-cooled (at -20\u00b0C) ethanol ( ethanol  and kept- The taxonomic identification was performed in the British Antarctic Survey laboratory using a stereomicroscope.Object name: Darwin Core Archive amundsen_sea_molluscsCharacter encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0Distribution: http://ipt.biodiversity.aq/archive.do?r=amundsenseamolluscs_biopearl_iiPublication date of data: 2013-01-09Language: EnglishMetadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 2013-01-09Hierarchy level: Dataset"}
+{"text": "Affiliation number 5 for the seventh author, Anna-Maria Tokes, is incorrect. The correct affiliation is: 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, MTA-SE Tumour Progression Research Group, Budapest, Hungary."}
+{"text": "In \u201cInvestigation of Bioterrorism-Related Anthrax, United States, 2001: Epidemiologic Findings\u201d by Daniel B. Jernigan et al., errors occurred in the listing of the members of the Anthrax Epidemiologic Investigation Team on page 1019. Additional members of the National Anthrax Epidemiologic Investigation Team are:Francisco Alvarado-Ramy, MacKenzie Andre, MaryKate Appicelli, Mick Ballesteros, Mark Beatty, Omotayo Bolu, Louise Causer, Soju Chang, Ilin Chuang, John Crump, Marvin DeBerry, Rachel Gorwitz, Michelle Goveia, Thomas Handzel, Josh Harney, Dan Hewett, Vincent Hsu, Young Hur, Marialena Jefferds, Joshua Jones, Kathleen Julian, Richard Kanwal, Jane Kelly, Dennis Kim, Judy Kruger, Richard Leman, Steve Lenhart, Jill Levine, Naile Malakmadze, Els Mathieu, Rob McCleery, Shawn McMahon, Manoj Menon, Kelly Moore, Jill Morris, James Andy Mullins, Melanie Myers, Timothy Naimi, Lori Newman, Chima John Ohuabunwao, Michael O'Reilly, Lisa Pealer, Chris Piacitelli, Joe Posid, John Redd, Mary Reynolds, Julia Rhodes, Louie Rosencrans, Lisa Roth, Denise Roth-Allen, Sharon Roy, Taraz Samandari, Dejana Selenic-Stanacev, Jina Shah, Tanya Sharp, Allison Stock, Lauralynn Taylor, Pauline Terebuh, Christopher Thomas, Beth Tohill, Barna Tugwell, Angela Weber, Dana White, Sara Whitehead, Wally Wilhoite, Leigh Winston, Brad Winterton, Katharine Witgert, William Wong, Susie Wootton, and Weigong Zhou.http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/8/10/02-0353_article.htm.The corrected article appears online at We regret any confusion these errors may have caused."}
+{"text": "The byline published in the correction is incorrect. The correct byline is: Ho Dang Trung Nghia, Le Thi Phuong Tu, Marcel Wolbers, Cao Quang Thai, Nguyen Van Minh Hoang, Tran Vu Thieu Nga, Le Thi Phuong Thao, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Tran Thi Hong Chau, Dinh Xuan Sinh, To Song Diep, Hoang Thi Thanh Hang, Hoang Truong, James Campbell, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen Tran Chinh, Nguyen Van Dung, Ngo Thi Hoa, Brian G. Spratt, Tran Tinh Hien, Jeremy Farrar, Constance Schultsz."}
+{"text": "New evidence and consensus has led to further revision of the McDonald Criteria for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The use of imaging for demonstration of dissemination of central nervous system lesions in space and time has been simplified, and in some circumstances dissemination in space and time can be established by a single scan. These revisions simplify the Criteria, preserve their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, address their applicability across populations, and may allow earlier diagnosis and more uniform and widespread use. Ann Neurol 2011 Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) include clinical and paraclinical laboratory assessmentsSince the revision of the McDonald Criteria in 2005, new data and consensus have pointed to the need for their simplification to improve their comprehension and utility and for evaluating their appropriateness in populations that differ from the largely Western Caucasian adult populations from which the Criteria were derived. In May 2010 in Dublin, Ireland, the International Panel on Diagnosis of MS (the Panel) met for a third time to examine requirements for demonstrating DIS and DIT and to focus on application of the McDonald Criteria in pediatric, Asian, and Latin American populations.multiple sclerosis and diagnosis, and from specific recommendations of relevant papers by Panel members. The Panel concluded that most recent research supports the utility of the McDonald Criteria in a typical adult Caucasian population seen in MS centers, despite only limited research and practical experience in general neurology practice populations.The Panel reviewed published research related to the diagnosis of MS and to the original and revised McDonald Criteria, gathered from literature searches of English language publications containing the terms In its discussions, the Panel stressed that the McDonald Criteria should only be applied in those patients who present with a typical clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) suggestive of MS or symptoms consistent with a CNS inflammatory demyelinating disease, because the development and validation of the Criteria have been limited to patients with such presentations. CIS presentations can be monofocal or multifocal, and typically involve the optic nerve, brainstem/cerebellum, spinal cord, or cerebral hemispheres.In applying the McDonald Criteria, it remains imperative that alternative diagnoses are considered and excluded. Differential diagnosis in MS has been the subject of previous data- and consensus-driven recommendations that point to common and less common alternative diagnoses for MS and identify clinical and paraclinical red flags that should signal particular diagnostic caution.Correct interpretation of symptoms and signs is a fundamental prerequisite for diagnosis.The Panel concluded that the underlying concepts of the original (2001) and revised (2005) McDonald CriteriaIn past versions of the McDonald Criteria, DIS demonstrated by MRI was based on the Barkhof/Tintor\u00e9 criteria.The 2005 revision of the McDonald Criteria simplified the MRI evidence required for DIT, basing it on the appearance of a new T2 lesion on a scan compared to a reference or baseline scan performed at least 30 days after the onset of the initial clinical event.More recently, the MAGNIMS group confirmed earlier studiesBy using the recommended simplified MAGNIMS criteria to demonstrate DISThe Panel reaffirmed that positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings  can be important to support the inflammatory demyelinating nature of the underlying condition, to evaluate alternative diagnoses, and to predict CDMS.33In 2005, the Panel recommended revising the McDonald Criteria for diagnosis of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) to require, in addition to 1 year of disease progression, 2 of the following 3 findings: positive brain MRI (9 T2 lesions or 4 or more T2 lesions with positive VEP); positive spinal cord MRI ; or positive CSF. These criteria reflected the special role of both CSF examination and spinal cord MRI in PPMS, have been found to be practical and are generally well accepted by the neurological community,The McDonald Criteria were developed with data gathered largely from adult Caucasian European and North American populations, and their applicability has been questioned for other populations, particularly pediatric cases,41Over 95% of pediatric MS patients have an initial relapsing\u2013remitting disease course, whereas PPMS is exceptional in children and should prompt detailed consideration of alternative diagnoses.51The Panel's consensus was that the proposed MAGNIMS-based MRI revisions for DIS will also serve well for most pediatric MS patients, especially those with acute demyelination presenting as CIS, because most pediatric patients will have >2 lesions and are very likely to have lesions in 2 of the 4 specified CNS locations . The frequency of spinal cord lesions in pediatric MS patients is currently unreported, but the appearance of cord lesions in pediatric MS patients with spinal cord symptoms appears generally similar to that of adults.52However, approximately 15 to 20% of pediatric MS patients, most aged <11 years, present with encephalopathy and multifocal neurological deficits difficult to distinguish from acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM).Among Asian patients with CNS inflammatory demyelinating disease, a phenotype characterized by NMO, longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions, and positive AQP4 autoantibody seropositivity20The Panel recommends testing for AQP4 autoantibodies with validated assays in patients who are suspected of having NMO or NMO spectrum disorders, especially in patients with Asian or Latin American genetic background because of the higher prevalence of the disease in these populations. Such testing may be less important in those subjects presenting with conventional Western type MS. Although not all patients with an NMO-like presentation will be AQP4 antibody positive, the majority are, whereas those with MS are more likely to be AQP4 antibody negative.The Panel recommends revisions to the McDonald Criteria for diagnosis of MS Table  focusingAlthough increased IgG index or the presence of oligoclonal bands in the CSF support an MS diagnosis, and AQP4 antibody assays can help in the differential diagnosis process, there are still no specific biomarkers to confirm the diagnosis. Several blood and CSF biomarkers may be promising,The McDonald Criteria were based on detection of lesions generally using 1.5T magnet strength in noncortical regions of the brain and spinal cord. However, a large proportion of MS lesions are in the cortexMany individuals with high lesion loads may have had a protracted subclinical disease course prior to their first clinical event. As a consequence, occasional individuals investigated by MRI for indications unrelated to MS have incidental findings of brain lesions with appearance and topography consistent with MS. Detection of this presymptomatic phase, or radiologically isolated syndrome, is increasingly common. Some of these individuals followed clinically and by serial imaging will develop DIT by MRI, and some have clinical disease-defining events after several years.The 2010 revisions to the McDonald Criteria will in some instances allow a more rapid diagnosis of MS, with equivalent or improved specificity and/or sensitivity compared with past Criteria and will in many instances clarify and simplify the diagnostic process with fewer required MRI examinations. A proportion of patients with nonspecific symptoms  and nonspecific MRI findings are referred to secondary and tertiary MS centers in the developed world for a second opinion and do not in fact have MS.The Panel acknowledges that using these refined diagnostic criteria may change some of the outcomes of patients in natural history studies and clinical trials, when original expectations for outcomes may be based on subjects whose diagnosis was made using past, somewhat different criteria.C.H.P.: consultancy, Actelion, Biogen Idec, Bayer Schering, Teva, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Glaxo SK, UCB, Roche, Antisense Ther; expert testimony, Biogen Idec; grants/grants pending, Biogen Idec, Bayer Schering, Teva, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Glaxo SK, UCB. S.C.R.: travel support, US NMSS, ECTRIMS, Multiple Sclerosis International Federation, MS Ireland; payment for writing or reviewing manuscript, US NMSS, ECTRIMS; consultancy, US NMSS, ECTRIMS, Sanofi-Aventis, Bayer Schering Pharma, BioMarin, EMD Merck Serono, Mt Sinai College of Medicine , European Committee for Treatment and Research in MS, Eisai, INC Research, Eli Lilly Inc, Isis Pharmaceuticals Inc, MediciNova, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Free University Amsterdam, Genentech/F. Hoffmann-LaRoche, Synthon BV, Antisense Therapeutics Ltd, BaroFold, Protein Design Laboratories; royalties, Demos Medical Publishers . B.B.: travel support, US NMSS, ECTRIMS, MSIF, MS Ireland; consultancy, Biogen Idec, Genzyme; grants/grants pending, Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada, Canadian Institutes of Health Research; paid educational presentations, honoraria for symposia at the American Academy of Neurology. M.C.: board membership, GENMAB; consultancy, Biogen, Genzyme; grants/grants pending, Bayer Schering, Biogen Elan, Novartis, Merck Serono, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva. J.A.C.: travel expenses, US NMSS; consultancy, Biogen Idec, Lilly, Novartis, Serono, Teva; grants/grants pending, Department of Defense, NIH, US NMSS; speaking fees, Biogen Idec, Novartis, Sanofi-Aventis, Waterfront Media. M.F.: travel expenses, US NMSS, ECTRIMS, MSIF, MS Ireland; board membership, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Genmab A/S; consultancy, Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen-Domp\u00e9 AG, Genmab A/S, Merck Serono, Pepgen Corporation, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd; grants/grants pending, Bayer-Schering, Biogen-Domp\u00e9 AG, Genmab A/S, Merck Serono, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla, Fondazione Mariani; speaking fees, Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen-Domp\u00e9 AG, Genmab A/S, Merck Serono, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd; travel expenses, Teva, Biogen-Domp\u00e9 AG, Merck-Serono, Sanofi-Aventis, Genmab, Bayer Schering. K.F.: travel expenses, US NMSS, ECTRIMS, MSIF, MS Ireland; consultancy, Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono; grants/grants pending, Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Asahi Kasei Kuraray Medical Co Ltd, Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Teijin Pharma, Theva Pharmaceutical, Eisai Inc, Kowa Pharmaceutical, Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology of Japan, Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan; speaking fees, Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Eisai Inc, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Asahi Kasei Kuraray Medical Co; paid manuscript preparation, Cosmic Corporation; royalties, Bunkodo. E.H.: travel expenses, US NMSS, ECTRIMS, MSIF, MS Ireland; consultancy, Biogen Idec, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, Grifols; grants/grants pending, Biogen Idec; speaking fees, Biogen Idec, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, Bayer Healthcare, Sanofi-Aventis; paid educational presentations, Novartis. M.H.: consultancy, Biogen Idec; grant/grants pending, Health Research Board Ireland; speaking fees, Biogen Idec. L.K.: travel expenses, US NMSS; board membership, Editorial Board of Multiple Sclerosis; grants/grants pending, National Research Foundation Switzerland, Rubatto Foundation, Swiss MS society, European Union, Roche Foundation, Novartis Foundation; speaking fees, various companies involved in development of MS therapeutics; paid educational presentations, Neurostatus System for Standardized Neurological Assessment. F.D.L.: travel support, US NMSS; consultancy, Novartis, Bayer, Biogen Idec, EMD Serono, Genentech, Teva Neuroscience, Genmab, Medicinova, Actelion, Allozyne, Sanofi-Aventis, Acorda, Questcor, Avanir, Roche, Celgene, Abbott, Pfizer, Morphosys; grants/grants pending, NIH, NMSS, Acorda, Biogen Idec, Teva, Novartis, Sanofi-Aventis; speaking fees, Genzyme, Teva, EMD Serono; paid educational presentations, various continuing medical education services; stock/stock options, cognition pharmaceuticals. X.M.: travel expenses, US NMSS; consultancy, Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, EMD Merck Serono, Genentech, Genzyme, Novartis, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Almirall; grants/grants pending, Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, EMD Merck Serono, Genentech, Genzyme, Novartis, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Almirall; speaking fees, Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, EMD Merck Serono, Genentech, Genzyme, Novartis, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Almirall. M.S.-W.: travel support, US NMSS, ECTRIMS, MSIF, MS Ireland; fees for review activities, Genentech, Merck Serono, Roche; board membership, Board of Directors of Active Biotech, Sweden; consultancy, Elan, Merck Serono; speaking fees, Bayer Health Care, Merck Serono, Serono Symposia International Foundation, Sanofi-Aventis, Swedish Bank SEB. A.J.T.: travel support, US NMSS, ECTRIMS, MSIF, MS Ireland; board membership, National Hospital Development Foundation, Patrick Berthoud Charitable Trust; consultancy, Weleda AG/Society for Clinical Research, Medical Research Council, MS Society of Great Britain, Merck Serono, Biogen Idec, DIGNA Biotech, Novartis, Eisai London Research Laboratories, Teva Pharmaceuticals; grants/grants pending, National Institute for Health Research, MS Society of Great Britain; speaking fees, Serono Symposia, Sanofi-Aventis; travel expenses, MS International Federation, US NMSS, Biogen Idec; honoraria, Editor-in-Chief of Multiple Sclerosis. E.W.: consultancy, Roche, Actelion; grants/grants pending, US NMSS, NIH; speaking fees, Teva; received free drug for a trial given by Sanofi-Aventis and Biogen Idec. B.W.: travel support, US NMSS; European Committee for Treatment of MS; MS International Foundation; MS Ireland; consultancy, Novartis, Biogen Idec; employment, Mayo Clinic; royalties, RSR Ltd. J.S.W.: travel support, US NMSS, ECTRIMS, MSIF, MS Ireland; board membership, Antisense Therapeutics Ltd, BCDecker, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, UCB; consultancy, Genentech, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva Neuroscience, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Acorda, Acetilon, Bayer HealthCare, Facet Biotech, Peptimmune; grants/grants pending, NIH, Sanofi-Aventis, Clayton Foundation for Research, US NMSS; honoraria for lectures, Consortium MS Centers, Sanofi-Aventis New Zealand, Sterling Meeting Services, USF Health Professionals, Texas Neurological Society, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Lone Star Chapter NMSS, ICHE, Pfizer EMD Serono, SUNY, Stony Brook Foundation, UTMB, Medscape CME, University of Buffalo, Serono Symposia International Foundation, University of Utah; royalties, Millipore  Corporation."}
+{"text": "AbstractEustrophinae is reviewed, and consists of the following five genera and 12 species: Pseudoholostrophus (Pseudoholostrophus) impressicollis (LeConte), Pseudoholostrophus (Holostrophinus) discolor (Horn), Holostrophus bifasciatus (Say), Eustrophus tomentosus Say, Eustrophopsis confinis (LeConte), Eustrophopsis bicolor (Fabricius), Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus (Dury), Eustrophopsis indistinctus (LeConte), Eustrophopsis arizonensis (Horn), Eustrophopsis ornatus (Van Dyke), Eustrophopsis crowdyisp. n., and Synstrophus repandus (Horn). A lectotype is designated for Eustrophus brunneimarginatus Dury. A key is given to separate genera and species, supplemented with illustrations of relevant features, including aedeagi of all Nearctic species of Eustrophopsis. Detailed distribution (including Mexican records) and natural history data are provided.The Nearctic fauna (north of Mexico) of  Eustrophinae, like many groups within Tenebrionoidea, have not had a stable family-level placement until fairly recently. Various authors have commented on the taxonomic history of the group . Monophyly of Tetratomidae was not supported in this analysis; in fact, Eustrophopsis was shown to be the sister taxon to Orchesia (Melandryidae). Tetratoma (Tetratomidae: Tetratominae) and Penthe (Tetratomidae: Penthinae) were part of a monophyletic group that also contained Dipsaconia (Ulodidae) and Chalcodrya . An earlier study by Tetratomidae (data taken from the literature) as part of a very large, unresolved branch of basal Tenebrionoidea.The oup e.g. ; howeverEustrophinae specifically, although Tetratomidae. Also, Holostrophus, representing the only published work on a single genus of Eustrophinae. Coleoptera. The present study treats all taxa found in North America, north of Mexico, including the description of a new species from southern Arizona. Much of the descriptive, ecological and distributional data for species occurring in Canada, treated herein, were given previously by Eustrophinae. Therefore, descriptions are rather diagnostic in nature, except for the description of Eustrophopsis crowdyi, new species, which is more detailed and complete.There have been no large-scale studies of the Tetratomidae. The Eustrophinae have the following characteristics: body elongate oval, often more distinctly narrowed posteriorly; all legs with simple, narrow tarsi; antennomeres 3-7 more or less broadened, at least some antennomeres transverse; pronotum with two sublinear impressions basally, metepisterna distinctly subdivided into two sections; metendosternite without laminae.Eustrophinae comprises 5 genera and 86 species (compiled from various sources), distributed worldwide except for Australia and New Zealand. The greatest diversity occurs in tropical areas, especially in the Neotropical region. Members of the subfamily are relatively homogeneous structurally, and both larvae and adults are associated with various groups of fungi on dead trees (Eustrophinae. Most information available is taken from collection records. Lawrence (1991: 506) gave the following fungal associates with some genera and species of Eustrophinae: Eustrophopsis spp. ; Synstrophus repandus (Horn) ; Eustrophus tomentosus Say (Polyporus squamosus). Individual fungal/collection records are given below for each species (from label data).PageBreakThe world fauna of ad trees . No studEustrophinae are active at night, when they emerge from daytime hiding places and occupy exposed surfaces, on dead wood or on associated fungal bodies. Very long series of specimens are somewhat rare; collecting during the day will yield few specimens, whereas night collecting or mass-trapping can be very productive and effective methods for obtaining long series. During the day, potentially good, fungus-infested dead trees can be marked  and returned to at night, to collect the active adults.Adults of Eustrophopsis are seemingly attracted to Lindgren funnel traps, and/or the scolytine baits often deployed along with these devices. For example, a single locality  yielded the following specimens over a two-week period: 7.vii.2002 ; 14.vii.2002 .Adults of Tenebrionoidea, immature stages of Eustrophinae are rather imperfectly known. Larvae are found in the same habitats as adults; however, whereas adults are often found on surfaces at night, larvae remain within the rotting wood/fungal substrate (Pollock pers. observ.). Eustrophopsis and Holostrophus were included. A key to larvae of Holostrophus  was also given by Eustrophopsis is that of Eustrophopsis quindecimmaculata (Laporte), a Neotropical species.As in the majority of Eustrophopsis bicolor (Fabricius); this is the most common species, so perhaps this is not surprising. Eustrophopsis bicolor also, but only illustrated the posterior end of the abdomen . Tetratomidae, with various details given for Eustrophinae (based on Eustrophopsis and Holostrophus).Among Nearctic eustrophines, the only species reasonably well known in the larval stage is This study is based on 6,600 adult specimens examined and/or borrowed from the following private and public collections and museums:AMNH American Museum of Natural History, New York, NYBBC Brian Baldwin Collection (private)BYUC Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UTCARR J.B. and A. Carr Collection (now part of CNC)PageBreakCAS California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CACBC Cheryl Barr Collection (private)CGMC Chris Majka Collection (private)CMNC Canadian Museum of Nature, Gatineau, QCCMNH Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PACNC Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, ONCNHM Cincinnati Natural History Museum, Cincinnati, OHCUIC Cornell University, Ithaca, NYDAPC Darren A. Pollock Collection (private)DSSC Derek Sikes Collection (private)EGRC Edward G. Riley Collection (private)EIUC Eastern Illinois University Collection, Charleston, ILFMNH Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, ILFSCA Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville, FLINHS Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, ILJBWM J.B. Wallis Museum of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MBLACM Los Angeles County Museum, Los Angeles, CALSU Louisiana State Arthropod Museum, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LAMCZ Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MAMKOC M.K. Oliver Collection (private)MSUC Michigan State University, East Lansing, MIMTEC Montana State University, Bozeman, MTMUNC Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, NFNDSU North Dakota State University, Fargo, NDNSMC Nova Scotia Museum Collection, Halifax, NSODAC Oregon Department of Agriculture, Salem, OROSUC Ohio State University, Columbus, OHPFC Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, BCPKLC Paul K. Lago Collection (private)PPCD West Virginia Department of Agriculture, Charlestown, WVRBCM Royal British Columbia Museum, Vancouver, BCRLC Richard Leschen Collection (private)ROME Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ONRTC Robert Turnbow Collection (private)SLC Serge LaPlante Collection (private)SMC Scott McCleve Collection (private) [now in UAIC]TAMU Texas A&M University, College Station, TXUAIC University of Arizona, Tucson, AZUBC University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BCUCBC Essig Museum of Entomology, Berkeley, CAUCFC University of Central Florida, Orlando, FLUCMS University of Connecticut, Storrs, CTPageBreakUCRC University of California, Riverside, CAUGAC University of Georgia, Athens, GAUMIC University of Mississippi, Oxford, MSUMMZ University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MIUMRM W.R. Enns Entomology Museum, Columbia, MOUSMN University of Nebraska State Museum, Lincoln, NEUSNM National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Wa- shington, DCWFBM W.F. Barr Entomological Collection, Moscow, IDWIRC University of Wisconsin Insect Research Center, Madison, WIZHFC Zack H. Falin Collection (private)Eustrophopsis only, because 1) this genus is larger than the other genera of Eustrophinae and species are more difficult to distinguish; and 2) genital structures have already been described and/or illustrated for other taxa within Eustrophinae  and county names (where available); complete data for non-type specimens are given in Appendix 1. In the descriptions, TL = length from anterior pronotal margin to apex of elytra ; GEW = maximum width, across elytra. Type specimen label data are given verbatim, enclosed within quotation marks; individual labels are separated by a slash (/).\u00ae digital camera fitted to a Leica MZ95 stereoscope. The 10\u201330 separate images taken for each specimen/structure  were imported into Combine ZP  PageBreakPseudoholostrophus. According to Pseudoholostrophus differs from Holostrophus in its smaller and more weakly emarginate eyes, and in the prosternal process not extending behind the posterior edge of the procoxae. There are four species in Pseudoholostrophus (Pseudoholostrophus klapperichi (Pic) and Pseudoholostrophus chinensis Nikitsky, are known from China. Pseudoholostrophus discolor (Horn) are placed in the nominate subgenus. Holostrophus discolor (Horn) was transferred into the subgenus Holostrophinus of Pseudoholostrophus by This genus was described by strophus , two of http://species-id.net/wiki/Pseudoholostrophus_impressicollisEustrophus impressicollisHolostrophus impressicollis (LeConte).\u2014 Pseudoholostrophus (Pseudoholostrophus) impressicollis (LeConte).\u2014Eustrophinae by the following combination of characters: color uniformly red-brown; dorsal setae very short, inconspicuous; eyes widely separated; meso- and metatibiae smooth, without oblique ridges; distribution in westernmost North America.This distinctive species may be separated by all other Nearctic Pseudoholostrophus impressicollis.The following abbreviated description was taken from Pollock (2008: 268). TL 6.0-6.2 mm; GEW 2.0\u20132.7 mm. Body elongate oval, moderately parallel sided  provided a fairly detailed description of el sided , moderatel sided ; dorsal el sided , medial el sided ; antennoel sided  elongateel sided .CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA. UNITED STATES: CALIFORNIA: Alpine, Humboldt, Siskiyou, Trinity. OREGON: Curry, Josephine, Lane, Lincoln, Polk. (Complete label data given in Appendix 1).. The ranEustrophus impressicollis LeConte. LECTOTYPE, sex unknown, labeled \u201cVanc. / Type 4781 / Eu. impressicollis Lec.\u201d, in MCZ.Label data: under bark of pine; in rotten log; fungus.SubgenusNikitsky 1998http://species-id.net/wiki/HolostrophinusHolostrophinusHolostrophus discolor Horn (orig. des.)Pseudoholostrophus in its double pronotal punctation and the indistinct pair of pronotal impressions. There is only a single world species in subgenus Holostrophinus.According to http://species-id.net/wiki/Pseudoholostrophus_discolorHolostrophus discolorPseudoholostrophus (Holostrophinus) discolor (Horn).\u2014This species may be diagnosed on the following combination of characters: eyes widely separated; dorsal setae conspicuous; pronotum with anterior margin elevated above level of head; meso- and metatibiae smooth, without oblique ridges; distribution in eastern North America.Pseudoholostrophus (Holostrophinus) discolor, based on examination of a single specimen only. Pollock (2008: 269) provided the following shorter description: TL 3.6\u20135.7 mm; GEW 1.6\u20132.4 mm; body , inner eye margin slightly emarginate; antennae  provided a description of the adult of mm; body  elongatemm; body ; dorsal antennae  relativeantennae  elongateCANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK, QUEBEC. UNITED STATES: INDIANA: Parke. MARYLAND: Calvert, Prince Georges. MASSACHUSETTS: Middlesex. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Carroll, Grafton, Strafford. PENNSYLVANIA: Warren. RHODE ISLAND: Kent. TENNESSEE: Sevier. VIRGINIA. (complete label data in Appendix 1).. RelativHolostrophus discolor Horn. LECTOTYPE, sex unknown, labeled \u201cVa. / Henry Ulke Beetle Coll. CMNH Acc. No. 1645 / Holostrophus discolor Horn\u201d, in CMNH. Paralectotype in MCZ.Prunus pensylvanica and maples (Acer spp.).Label data: in polypore fungus; malaise trap ; intercept trap ; on or near fleshy polypore fungi on beech log. According to Horn 1888http://species-id.net/wiki/HolostrophusHolostrophusEustrophus bifasciatus Say . In further justifying his separation of the genera Pseudoholostrophus and Holostrophus, Nikitsky (1998: 40) stated that \u201cit seems noteworthy that species of Pseudoholostrophus display the elytra either one-color but not black or with a light humeral spot only, or with a clarified diffused transverse fascia in basal part. A more clearly evident reddish-yellow or red spotty pattern of the elytra is characteristic of Holostrophus,PageBreak not Pseudoholostrophus\u201d. Paraholostrophus), based on three Oriental species. The sole Nearctic species is a representative of the nominative subgenus.According to http://species-id.net/wiki/Holostrophus_bifasciatusMycetophagus 4 maculatusEustrophus bifasciatusEustrophus 4-maculatusHolostrophus bifasciatus (Say).\u2014Holostrophus bifasciatus is the only Nearctic species of Eustrophinae with a distinct, quadrimaculate elytral color pattern; other diagnostic features include the widely separated eyes and smooth meso- and metatibiae (without oblique ridges).from : 271 TL CANADA: NOVA SCOPageBreakTIA, ONTARIO, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, QUEBEC. UNITED STATES: ALABAMA: Dale, Lee, Shelby. ARKANSAS: Drew, Logan, Newton, Polk, Pulaski, Washington. CONNECTICUT: Fairfield, Hartford, Litchfield, New Haven. DELAWARE: Sussex. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. FLORIDA: Hamilton, Liberty, Monroe. GEORGIA: Bartow, Clarke, Fulton, Jackson, Taliaferro. ILLINOIS: Bond, Carroll, Champaign, Clark, Coles, Cook, DuPage, Edgar, Kendall, Knox, LaSalle, Peoria, Putnam, St. Clair, Sangamon, Union, Wabash, Will. INDIANA: Marion, Parke, Porter, Posey, Wayne. IOWA: Johnson. KANSAS: Shawnee. KENTUCKY: Butler, Jefferson. LOUISIANA: Natchitoches. MAINE: Kennebec. MARYLAND: Baltimore, Calvert, Cecil, Dorchester, Harford, Montgomery, Prince George\u2019s, Talbot, Wicomico, Worcester. MASSACHUSETTS: Hampden, Hampshire, Middlesex, Norfolk, Suffolk. MICHIGAN: Livingston, Oakland, Wayne. MINNESOTA: Cook. MISSISSIPPI: George. MISSOURI: Hickory, Randolph, St. Louis. NEBRASKA: Sarpy. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Hillsborough, Rockingham, Strafford. NEW JERSEY: Bergen, Burlington, Cumberland, Essex, Middlesex, Ocean. NEW YORK: Bronx, Erie, Monroe, Onondaga, Orange, Richmond, Suffolk, Queens, Tompkins, Westchester. NORTH CAROLINA: Buncombe, Gaston, Moore, Wake. OHIO: Clark, Hamilton, Franklin, Ross, Wyandot. PENNSYLVANIA: Adams, Allegheny, Armstrong, Berks, Dauphin, Philadelphia, Pike, Westmoreland. SOUTH CAROLINA: Florence, Oconee, Pickens. TENNESSEE: Chester, Cumberland, Morgan. TEXAS: Sabine. VIRGINIA: Bath, Clarke, Fairfax, Lee. WEST VIRGINIA: Berkeley, Kanawha, Lewis, Morgan, Roane. WISCONSIN: Dane, Grant, Waukesha. (Complete label data given in Appendix 1).. The ranEustrophus bifasciatus Say. NEOTYPE (designated by Laetiporus sulphureus (AR); ex polypore in pine logs (AR); Trametes versicolor (AR); Schizopora paradoxa (AR); BLT ; ex polypore on cherry tree (AR); under loose pine bark (DE); under pine bark (GA); Malaise trap ; oak log (IL); sugar trap ; UV light ; flight trap . Pinus strobus, on which polypores were growing; also, specimens are known from Polyporus betulinus.Specimens have been collected in association with dead logs and/or associated fungi. Label data: Illiger 1802http://species-id.net/wiki/EustrophusEustrophusMycetophagus dermestoidesPageBreak 246; Eustrophinae were originally placed in Eustrophus, before the description of Holostrophus and Eustrophinus. Now, only a single Nearctic species is placed in Eustrophus.This genus comprises four species, distributed in Europe, Russian Far East, Japan, southern China, and North America . All of Say 1826http://species-id.net/wiki/Eustrophus_tomentosusMycetophagus nigerMycetophagus tomentosusEustrophus nigerEustrophus tomentosusThe following combination of characters is diagnostic for this species: widely separated eyes; antennal sensilla interrupted, not completely annular; dorsal setae distinctly golden to brown; meso- and metatibiae with oblique ridges.from : 273. TLPageBreakewan and Alberta. Most records from the United States are eastern, but specimens are also known from the Pacific Northwest, California, and Arizona. The 983 specimens examined in this study are from the following: CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA, MANITOBA, NOVA SCOTIA, ONTARIO, QUEBEC. UNITED STATES: ALABAMA: Lee, Madison, Marion, Mobile. ARIZONA: Coconino, Pima. ARKANSAS: Crawford, Faulkner, Fulton, Logan, Polk, Pulaski. CALIFORNIA: Butte, Calaveras, El Dorado, Placer, Yuba. COLORADO. CONNECTICUT: Litchfield. DELAWARE: Sussex. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. FLORIDA: Dixie, Monroe. GEORGIA: Bartow, Clarke, Echols. IDAHO: Boundary, Clearwater, Latah. IOWA: Johnson, Keokuk, Story. ILLINOIS: Bond, Champaign, Clark, Coles, Cook, LaSalle, McHenry, St. Clair, Union, Wabash. INDIANA: Montgomery, Parke, Porter, Tippecanoe, Vigo. KANSAS: Douglas. KENTUCKY: Butler, Henderson. LOUISIANA: Natchitoches. MARYLAND: Anne Arundel, Charles, Dorchester, Montgomery, Prince George\u2019s, Talbot. MASSACHUSETTS. MICHIGAN: Berrien, Charlevoix, Fillmore, Gogebic, Ingham, Kalamazoo, Kent, Lapeer, Leelanau, Livingston, Macomb, Midland, Monroe, Oakland, St. Joseph, Shiawassee, Washtenaw, Wayne. MINNESOTA: Crow Wing, Hennepin, Sherburne, Washington. MISSISSIPPI: George, Pearl River. MISSOURI: Boone, Dent, Franklin, Randolph, St. Charles. MONTANA: Dawson, Lake, Lincoln, Missoula, Ravalli, Rosebud, Sanders. NEBRASKA: Douglas, Sarpy. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Carroll. NEW JERSEY: Burlington, Gloucester. NEW MEXICO: San Miguel. NEW YORK: Erie, Essex, Genesee, Niagara, Onondaga, Orleans, St. Lawrence, Tompkins. NORTH CAROLINA: Durham, Moore, Stokes, Wake. NORTH DAKOTA: Pembina, Richland. OHIO: Athens, Butler, Clinton, Delaware, Hocking, Ottawa, Portage, Scioto, Vinton, Wayne, Wyandot. OKLAHOMA: Latimer, Oklahoma. OREGON: Benton, Crook, Douglas, Harney, Jackson, Lane, Linn, Multnomah, Wallowa, Yamhill. PENNSYLVANIA: Allegheny, Tioga, Westmoreland. SOUTH CAROLINA: Anderson, Florence, Pickens. TENNESSEE: Shelby. TEXAS: Angelina, Brewster, Montgomery, Sabine, Walker. UTAH: Washington. VERMONT: Franklin. VIRGINIA: Alexandria, Hampton, Nelson, Shenandoah. WASHINGTON: Walla Walla. WEST VIRGINIA: Braxton, Doddridge, Greenbrier, Hampshire, Jackson, Kanawha, Lincoln, Mason, Mineral, Nicholas, Pendleton, Randolph, Ritchie, Roane, Taylor, Webster, Wirt, Wood. WISCONSIN: Dane, Racine, Sauk, Washington. (Complete label data given in Appendix 1).. The disEustrophus tomentosus Say. NEOTYPE (designated by Pseudotsuga taxifolia (BC), from fungus (BC), evening flight, 4.ix (BC), ex Populus trichocarpa (BC), in bark Larix occidentalis (BC), fleshy fungus on tree (ON), under bark of pine (ON), under wet moldy bark on dead tree (ON), elm (QC), uv light trap (QC), cut surface of stump (QC), Ulmus americana (QC), under bark of pine (AL), Spongipellis unicolor (AR), Climacodes septentrionale (AR), Trametes versicolor (AR), under pine bark (CA), Lindgren trap with turpentine bait (CA), on Pinus ponderosa (CA), ex. Polyporus fungus (FL), uv light in oak-maple forest (IA), fungus on dead pine (ID), under bark of old pine stump (MD), in PageBreakPeromyscus nest debris under bark of dead standing Liriodendron (MD), fungus on oak (MN), funnel traps (MT), at black light, vi.1970 (NC), malaise trap, viii-ix (NE), window trap, 8\u201314.vi (NH), light trap, vi (NY), Lindgren funnel trap, alpha-pinene and ethanol lure (OR), stale molasses trap (SC), at wound on oak trunk (SC), malaise in mature hardwood forest, vi (SC), under bark of old dead decid. tree (VT), ex dead oak stump (WI), under bark of chestnut oak (WV). According to Eustrophus tomentosus are found under bark of dead trees, especially Ulmus americanus, as well as at sap exudations.Label data: Champion, 1889http://species-id.net/wiki/EustrophopsisEustrophopsisOrchesia quindecimmaculatusEustrophinusMycetophagus bicolor Fabricius 1798 (orig. des.); Eustrophusnec. Eustrophopsis is the most diverse world genus of Eustrophinae, with approximately 55 species, known from Afrotropical, Neotropical and Nearctic regions. Descriptions of the species are scattered through the literature, and there does not exist a comprehensive work on the entire genus, which is in need of revision. Nikitsky (1998: 58) stated that it is \u201cremarkable that Eustrophopsis seems to be absent both from the Oriental Region and Palaearctic. It may be so that it is replaced there by species of the genera Holostrophus and Synstrophus unknown from the Neotropical and Afrotropical regions\u201d.Eustrophopsis was described by Eustrophinus Seidlitz and placed in Eustrophopsis. Eustrophopsis became a senior synonym of Eustrophinus.Eustrophopsis seem referable into a number of informal groupings: Eustrophopsis confinis (very widely separated eyes); Eustrophopsis bicolor, Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus, and Eustrophopsis indistinctus ; Eustrophopsis arizonensis (very rugose macrosculpture of proepisterna), and Eustrophopsis ornatus and Eustrophopsis crowdyi, sp. n. .Although admittedly preliminary, the Nearctic species of http://species-id.net/wiki/Eustrophopsis_confinisEustrophus confinisEustrophinus confinis (LeConte).\u2014Eustrophopsis confinis (LeConte).\u2014Eustrophopsis confinis is the only Nearctic member of this genus with very widely separated eyes dorsally. Other diagnostic features include: uniformly dark body; meso- and metatibiae with oblique ridges.from : 280. TLEustrophopsis confinis are seemingly rarely collected, and localities are scattered across the northern United States and southern Canada. The record from northern Saskatchewan represents the northernmost extent of the entire subfamily in North America. The 32 specimens are from the following jurisdictions: CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA, MANITOBA, NOVA SCOTIA, ONTARIO, SASKATCHEWAN. UNITED STATES: IDAHO: Kootenai, Latah. MAINE: Androscoggin. MICHIGAN: Mackinac. MONTANA: Carter, Rosebud. NEBRASKA. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Coos, Hillsborough. SOUTH DAKOTA: Pennington. WASHINGTON: Stevens. WISCONSIN. (Complete label data given in Appendix 1).. SpecimeEustrophus confinis LeConte. LECTOTYPE (designated by Polyporus anceps (ME). PageBreakPageBreakLabel data: Eustrophopsis confinis seem to be unique within the genus, and are reminiscent of the condition seen in members of Holostrophini and Eustrophus.As mentioned elsewhere, the very widely separated eyes of individuals of http://species-id.net/wiki/Eustrophopsis_bicolorMycetophagus bicolorEustrophus bicolor (Fabricius).\u2014Eustrophinus bicolor (Fabricius).\u2014Eustrophopsis bicolor (Fabricius).\u2014Eustrophinae based on the following combination of characters: antennomeres distinctly contrasting: 1\u20134 rufous, 5\u201310 dark piceous to black, 11 yellow-orange; pronotal punctation very fine, punctures not larger than diameter of setae; males with oval, setiferous pit on ventral edge of profemur; meso- and metatibiae with numerous, oblique ridges.This common species may be separated from the other Nearctic from : 277. TLEustrophopsis bicolor is the most commonly collected and/or geographically widespread species in the subfamily. It exhibits an eastern distribuPageBreaktion in Canada, with no records west of Winnipeg, Manitoba. In the United States, most records are eastern; however, scattered localities are known from several western states. This species is the only otherwise Nearctic eustrophine recorded from the West Indies. The 2,799 examined specimens are from the following jurisdictions: BAHAMAS. CANADA: MANITOBA, ONTARIO, QUEBEC. UNITED STATES: ALABAMA: Colbert, Greene, Jefferson, Lee, Madison, Mobile, Tuscaloosa. ARIZONA. Santa Cruz. ARKANSAS: Faulkner, Fulton, Garland, Hempstead, Johnson, Polk, Pulaski, Washington. CALIFORNIA: Trinity. COLORADO: Larimer. CONNECTICUT: Fairfield, Litchfield, New Haven, Tolland. DELAWARE: New Castle, Sussex. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. FLORIDA: Alachua, Baker, Brevard, Calhoun, Dade, Duval, Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Jackson, Liberty, Monroe, Okeechobee, Orange, Osceola, Pinellas, Polk, Seminole, St. Lucie, Volusia, Wakulla. GEORGIA: Baker, Bartow, Calhoun, Camden, Clarke, Dekalb, Dougherty, Floyd, Fulton, Greene, Gwinnett, Lowndes, McIntosh, Meriwether, Muscogee, Paulding, Rabun, Thomas. IDAHO: Jerome, Twin Falls. ILLINOIS: Adams, Alexander, Calhoun, Champaign, Clark, Clay, Clinton, Coles, Cook, DuPage, Edgar, Effingham, Jackson, Jasper, Jefferson, Jersey, Johnson, Kendall, lake, LaSalle, Lawrence, Macon, Marion, Mason, McHenry, McLean, Peoria, Pike, Platt, Pope, Putnam, Richland, Sangamon, Stephenson, Vermilion, Wabash, Washington, White, Whiteside, Will, Winnebago. INDIANA: Bartholomew, Crawford, Howard, Lake, Laporte, Monroe, Parke, Perry, Porter, Posey, Tippecanoe, Vigo, Wayne. IOWA: Benton, Henry, Keokuk, Johnson, Linn, Osceola, Story. KANSAS: Atchison, Douglas, Labette, Lyon, Miami, Riley, Sedgwick, Shawnee, Trego, Wilson, Wyandotte. KENTUCKY: Butler, Christian, Green, Henderson, Taylor. LOUISIANA: Bossier, Caddo, Claiborne, Concordia, East Baton Rouge, East Feliciana, Jefferson, Livingstone, Madison, Natchitoches, Orleans, Webster, West Feliciana. MARYLAND: Allegany, Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Caroline, Cecil, Charles, Dorchester, Frederick, Montgomery, Prince George\u2019s, Queen Anne\u2019s, St. Mary\u2019s, Talbot, Wicomico, Worcester. MASSACHUSETTS: Bristol, Dukes, Essex, Hampden, Hampshire, Middlesex, Norfolk, Suffolk, Worcester. MICHIGAN: Allegan, Berrien, Branch, Charlevoix, Clare, Clinton, Eaton, Ingham, Isabella, Kalamazoo, Kent, Lake, Lenawee, Livingston, Marquette, Midland, Monroe, Oakland, Ottawa, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, Washtenaw, Wayne. MINNESOTA: Crow Wing, Hennepin, Washington. MISSISSIPPI: Bolivar, George, Issaquena, Jackson, Lafayette, Montgomery, Perry, Prentiss, Tallahatchie, Tishomingo. MISSOURI: Boone, Butler, Clay, Franklin, Greene, Jackson, Morgan, Randolph, Reynolds, St. Charles, St. Louis, Vernon. MONTANA: Richland, Rosebud, Valley. NEBRASKA: Cass, Colfax, Cuming, Douglas, Fillmore, Hall, Keith, Lancaster, Merrick, Nemaha, Sarpy, Saunders, Sheridan, Sioux, Thomas. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Rockingham, Strafford. NEW JERSEY: Bergen, Burlington, Cape May, Essex, Gloucester, Mercer, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris, Ocean, Passaic, Salem, Union. NEW MEXICO: Roosevelt. NEW YORK: Bronx, Columbia, Erie, Nassau, Niagara, Onondaga, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, St. Lawrence, Schuyler, Suffolk, Tompkins, Westchester, Wyoming. NORTH CAROLINA: Bladen, Buncombe, Carteret, Columbus, Durham, Haywood, Henderson,PageBreak Johnston, Macon, Moore, Robeson, Wake. NORTH DAKOTA: Burleigh, Cass, Ransom, Richland. OHIO: Ashland, Clark, Clermont, Clinton, Cuyahoga, Erie, Franklin, Greene, Hamilton, Hancock, Licking, Montgomery, Ottawa, Scioto, Union, Warren. OKLAHOMA: Adair, Atoka, Beckham, Bryan, Caddo, Cherokee, Cleveland, Garfield, Grady, Latimer, Lincoln, Love, Marshall, Mayes, Muskogee, Okfuskee, Oklahoma, Osage, Payne, Pontotoc, Roger Mills, Tillman, Tulsa, Wagoner. PENNSYLVANIA: Allegheny, Berks, Bucks, Butler, Centre, Chester, Cumberland, Dauphin, Delaware, Erie, Greene, Lancaster, Philadelphia, Westmoreland. RHODE ISLAND: Newport, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA: Abbevilee, Beaufort, Chester, Clarendon, Dorchester, Florence, Greenville, Kershaw, Oconee, Pickens, Sumter. SOUTH DAKOTA: Brookings, Yankton. TENNESSEE: Cumberland, Davidson, Hardeman, Knox, Lake, Lauderdale, Madison, McMinn, Shelby. TEXAS: Anderson, Angelina, Aransas, Bastrop, Bexar, Blanco, Brazoria, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Caldwell, Cameron, Cass, Cherokee, Comal, Dallas, Denton, Galveston, Gonzales, Hardin, Harris, Hidalgo, Houston, Jeff Davis, Kenedy, Kerr, Live Oak, Mason, McLennan, Montague, Montgomery, Palo Pinto, Polk, Robertson, Sabine, San Augustine, San Patricio, Smith, Tarrant, Throckmorton, Travis, Tyler, Walker, Williamson, Wood. UTAH: Utah, Washington. VIRGINIA: Bath, Chesapeake, Chesterfield, Clarke, Covington, Essex, Fairfax, Hampton, Loudoun, Newport News, Suffolk, Westmoreland, York. VERMONT: Bennington. WASHINGTON: Asotin. WISCONSIN: Columbia, Dane, Dodge, Green, Jackson,. EustropMilwaukee, Racine, Sauk, Wood. WEST VIRGINIA. Barbour, Braxton, Greenbrier, Hancock, Jackson, Marshall, Mineral, Preston, Putnam, Ritchie, Roane, Tyler, Webster. WYOMING: Goshen. (Complete label data given in Appendix 1).not examined. This species has been well characterized in the literature by authors such as Horn and LeConte.Acer negundo (MB), bracket fungus (ON), in rotting Pleurotus (QC), on trunk of dead Ulmus americana (QC), under bark of dead maple (QC), under bark of rotting trunk of Pinus eliottii with polypore fungi (Bahamas), ex Fomes on Salix (Bahamas), under bark of Fagus (AR), Trametes versicolor (AR), Meripilus giganteus (AR), polypore tree fungus (AR), under rotting oak bark (CT), in litter at base of dying Ailanthus (CT), large orange polypore shelf fungus [? Polyporus sulphureus] on standing tree trunk (CT), Omphalotus olearius (CT), under bark (DE), shelf fungi (FL), Griffolia fungus (FL), Polyporus hypnoides (FL), Polyporus sulphureus , under bark of dead pine (FL), hibernating under bark, (GA), under bands of tar paper on apple trees (IL), Armillariella mellea (GA), Pleurotus ostreatus (IL), on shelf fungi (KS), in sweetgum stump (LA), Polyporus adustus (LA), Panus rudis , under bark of dead Pinus virginiana (MA), under bark dead standing Quercus (MA), in Peromyscus nest debris under bark dead standing Liriodendron (MA), under bark of stump of Prunus serotina (MA), fungus on bark (MS), injured cypress (NC), oak (NC), under bark dead standing pine (NC), under oak bark (NC), Pleurotus sp. , in mushroom (NC), Trametes hispida (ND), under hardwood bark (NJ), ex fungus on Mimosa stump (NJ), on polypore on dead Quercus (TX), polypore PageBreakfungus (UT), Polyporus squamosus (VT), under poplar bark (WI). Eustrophopsis bicolor from Pleurotus, Polyporus, Poria, Lentinus and Daedalia. Pleurotus sapidus, Polyporus squamosus, Polyporus betulinus, Polyporus versicolor, Polyporus confragosa. Synstrophus repandus in the same microhabitats.Label data: underside of fungusy, dead log at night (MB), on piece of cut wood at night (MB), fungusy stump of Mycetophagus bicolor Fabr. is probably a Platydema.\u201d According to LeConte (1873: 335), \u201cthe proper authority for this species is Say, its first describer; Eustrophopsis bicolor from those of Eustrophopsis indistinctus proved to be the most difficult problem in this study. Specimens of Eustrophopsis bicolor from northern and eastern North America are very distinctive from the southern specimens of Eustrophopsis indistinctus . However, as the ranges approach one another, distinguishing features between individuals of the two species become somewhat less conclusive.Taxonomically, the separation of southern specimens of Eustrophopsis bicolor  basal struts of median lobe long and narrow in Eustrophopsis bicolor, while shorter and wider in Eustrophopsis indistinctus; and 3) ring-like portion of sternite 9 U-shaped in Eustrophopsis bicolor, while Y-shaped in Eustrophopsis indistinctus .Analysis of the male genitalia has revealed several consistent differences between  bicolor , 63 and stinctus , 64, as Eustrophopsis bicolor and Eustrophopsis indistinctus.There appears to be a rather narrow zone of sympatry between the two species, e.g. Roosevelt County, New Mexico and Randall County, Texas. Hybridization may be occurring in the southwestern United States; for example, multiple specimens from Hidalgo County, Texas seem to exhibit a combination of features of both species. Future studies using molecular methods may be fruitful in \u201cfine-tuning\u201d relationships between http://species-id.net/wiki/Eustrophopsis_brunneimarginatusEustrophus brunneimarginatusEustrophinus brunneimarginatus (Dury).\u2014 Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus (Dury).\u2014Eustrophinae by the presence of the marginal bands of lighter color along the otherwise dark pronotum and elytra. It is possible that Eustrophopsis marginatus (Champion) also occursPageBreak in the Nearctic region ; however, the marginal light markings are even more extensive than in Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus.Specimens of this species may be distinguished from other members of TL 4.2\u20135.4 mm; GEW 2.0\u20132.8 mm. Body broadly ovate, moderately tapered posteriorly , distincEustrophopsis brunneimarginatus are known from scattered localities in eastern United States, west to east-central Texas. The 45 examined specimens are from the following jurisdictions: UNITED STATES: ALABAMA: Dale, Madison. ARKANSAS: Pulaski. FLORIDA: Liberty. GEORGIA: Monroe. ILLINOIS: Edgar, Wabash. INDIANA: Tippecanoe. LOUISIANA: Grant, Natchitoches. MISSISSIPPI: Tishomingo. MISSOURI: Randolph. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Coos. NORTH CAROLINA: Rockingham. OKLAHOMA: Latimer. SOUTH CAROLINA: Anderson. TEXAS: Anderson, Milam, Sabine, San Augustine, Tyler, Wood. VIRGINIA: Norfolk. WEST VIRGINIA: Hardy. (Complete label data given in Appendix 1).. SpecimeEustrophus brunneimarginatus Dury. LECTOTYPE (here designated), sex unknown, labeled \u201cKy near Cin. O. /  Type / [handwritten] Eustrophus brunneimarginatus Dury Type / CMNH E2065\", in CNHM. Paralectotype, with same label data as lectotype, except with \u201cJune\u201d written on top label.Label data: flight intercept trap (AL); blacklight trap (AR); malaise trap, mixed hardwood/closed canopy seepage slope (FL); beach wash-up (NH); malaise, mature hardwood forest (SC); malaise trap in beech-magnolia forest (TX).Eustrophopsis bicolor based on being smaller, broader, less shining, much less narrowed posteriorly, less distinctly striate, and the light colored border of the pronotum and elytra. However, in the next article in the same journal issue, PageBreakseemingly synonymized his new species with Eustrophopsis confinis LeConte. These two species are quite different, however, and it is likely that Dury never examined actual specimen(s) of Eustrophopsis confinis.Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus, except that the marginal light markings are much more extensive on the pronotum and elytra. It is possible that these specimens represent Eustrophopsis marginatus Champion. In the description, Eustrophopsis marginatus to Eustrophopsis bicolor, as Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus was not yet described. Another species described by Eustrophopsis ovatus \u2013 possesses similar elytral and pronotal markings except that they are even more extensive than Eustrophopsis marginatus. I defer judgment on placement of the above mentioned specimens from southern Texas, as well as a possible synonymy of Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus and Eustrophopsis marginatus, pending further study of the Neotropical eustrophines and detailed examination of Champion\u2019s types.A series of specimens from Hidalgo Co., Texas (TAMU) resemble http://species-id.net/wiki/Eustrophopsis_indistinctusEustrophus indistinctusEustrophinus indistinctus (LeConte).\u2014 Eustrophopsis indistinctus (LeConte).\u2014Eustrophopsis with a distinctly brown dorsal color; other diagnostic features include: antennomeres 1\u20134 and 11 not very distinctly contrasting in color with 5\u201310; eyes distinctly separated dorsally; pronotal punctation  relatively coarse.This is the only species of PageBreak ridges; male with small, ovate, setiferous pit on ventral edge of profemur; aedeagus ., 76. TheEustrophus indistinctus LeConte. SYNTYPE, sex unknown, labeled \u201cgold disk / Type 4779 / Eustrophus indistinctus Lec.\u201d Specimen with gold disk ; the \u201cColorado\u201d referred to in the description is actually the Colorado River, and not the state.Populus snags (NM); fungi on Salix (AZ).Fungi (AZ); on bracket fungus (AZ); ex fungus on dying willow (NM); on dead log at night (NM); at night on fungusy logs (NM); at fungi on burned Eustrophopsis bicolor by Horn (1888: 34) who stated that \u201cspecimens collected by me in very early spring, in Arizona, have a decidedly brownish color above...These are probably merely less mature specimens as no other structural differences have been observed\u201d. This synonymy was followed by subsequent authors, e.g. Eustrophopsis indistinctus. Therefore, Eustrophopsis indistinctus has been removed from synonymy with Eustrophopsis bicolor and re-established as a distinct species. There remains some difficulty in distinguishing southern specimens of Eustrophopsis bicolor from Eustrophopsis indistinctus .This species was one of the earliest described Nearctic eustrophines; however, it was synonymized early on with http://species-id.net/wiki/Eustrophopsis_arizonensisEustrophus arizonensisEustrophinus arizonensis (Horn).\u2014 Eustrophopsis arizonensis (Horn).\u2014PageBreakgose macrosculpture; meso- and metatibiae with oblique ridges; distribution: western United States.This distinctive species may be diagnosed on the following combination of features: eyes moderately widely separated; prothoracic episterna with distinctly ruPageBreak to near black; ventral color lighter than dorsal: venter rufous; legs, mouthparts and antennomeres 1\u20134 and 11 light to dark rufous; dorsal vestiture uniform, setae relatively short; eyes moderately widely separated dorsally  south to Oaxaca, Mexico. The 516 individuals examined are from the following: MEXICO: DURANGO, MORELOS, OAXACA, SONORA. UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: Apache, Cochise, Coconino, Gila, Graham, Navajo, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz, Yavapai. CALIFORNIA: Riverside, San Bernardino. COLORADO: Douglas, La Plata. MONTANA: Powder River. NEW MEXICO: Catron, Cibola, Grant, Hidalgo, Lincoln, Los Alamos, San Miguel, Torrance. SOUTH DAKOTA: Fall River. TEXAS: Brewster, Jeff Davis. UTAH: Washington. (Complete label data given in Appendix 1)., 76. EusEustrophus arizonensis Horn. LECTOTYPE, sex unknown, labeled \u201cAriz / LectoTYPE 8038 / E. arizonensis Horn / MCZ Type 34038\", in MCZ. Paralectotypes (3) in MCZ.Quercus (MX), under bark , under pine bark (AZ), ex. fungi (AZ), dead oak at night (AZ), under log (AZ), pine stump (CA).Label data: under bark, Eustrophopsis arizonensis, based on possession of this feature.The rugose nature of the prothoracic episterna of this species seems to be unique in the genus, perhaps in the entire subfamily. The Mexican specimens have been included in http://species-id.net/wiki/Eustrophopsis_ornatusEustrophinus ornatusEustrophopsis ornatus (Van Dyke).\u2014Eustrophopsis ornatus share the following diagnostic features: antennomeres 5\u201310 distinctly widened, in males flattened on one side and with elongate, accessory setae; most specimens with at least faint indication of light elytral markings  on ventral surface; last maxillary palpomere not widened distally, apex slightly oblique; prosternal process acute, narrowly rounded distally, not attaining posterior margin of procoxae; coarse elytral punctures forming striae; prothoracic episternal suture present, surface of proepisternum smooth, punctation not obscured by rugose macrosculpture; meso- and metatibiae with numerous, oblique ridges; male with small, ovate, setiferous pit on ventral edge of profemur; aedeagus ., 76.The Eustrophinus ornatus Van Dyke. HOLOTYPE, sex unknown, labeled \u201cChiricahua Mts. Ariz 7000ft. June 21, 1927 / Cave Creek Cochise Co. / J.A. Kusche Collector / Van Dyke Collection / Holotype Eustrophinus ornatus Van Dyke / California Academy of Sciences Type No. 2581\", in CASC.Label data: under dead pine bark (AZ); WPB-baited Lindgren funnel trap (AZ); at UV light (AZ).ornatus\u201d due to the presence of distinctive, lighter colored markings on the dark elytra. In fact, of all specimens of Eustrophopsis ornatus examined for this study (other than the types), only very few specimens exhibited this \u201ctypical\u201d coloration. Many specimens had only a very faint indication of the lighter coloration, while others were entirely dark. The remarkably modified male antennomeres of this species and Eustrophopsis crowdyi is an indication of their possible close relationship.Van Dyke described this species as \u201curn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:309E2731-414C-4F7D-8B73-7D2F86D30F4Dhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Eustrophopsis_crowdyi31\u00b051.280'N, 109\u00b019.883'W, 14.vii.02 ex. WPB-baited Lindgren funnel trap, ca. 2000 m. / HOLOTYPE \u2642 Eustrophopsis crowdyi Pollock\" (in USNM). ALLOTYPE, female, with same label data as holotype, except \u201cALLOTYPE \u2640 Eustrophopsis crowdyi Pollock\" (in USNM). Four male and 2 female paratypes, same label data as holotype; 5 male and 4 female paratypes, labeled: \u201cAZ, Cochise Co., Turkey Crk, 31\u00b051.280'N, 109\u00b019.883'W, 7.vii.02 ex. WPB-baited Lindgren funnel trap, ca. 2000m. / near XPB-infested Chihuahua pine B. Fitzgibbon, coll.\"; 1 male and 1 female paratypes, labeled: \u201cUSA, AZ, Apache Co., Apache N.F., Luna Lk cmpgrd, ca. 5 mi. E. Alpine, 33\u00b050'04\"N, 109\u00b005'03\"W; 22.vi.2002 / collected at night under ponderosa pine bark, 7960ft. D.A. Pollock\". HOLOTYPE, male, labeled: \"AZ, Cochise Co., Turkey Crk, Eustrophopsis crowdyi may be diagnosed from other species of Eustrophopsis on the following characters: overall dark body color; eyes not approximate dorsally; males with short antennal sensilla; prosternal process rather blunt, rounded distally. As mentioned above for Eustrophopsis ornatus, that species and Eustrophopsis crowdyi are thought to be close relatives, based on the modified antennomeres of the males.Individuals of TL 5.6\u20137.9 mm; GEW 2.5\u20133.5 mm. Body elongate oval, relatively narrow, moderately tapered posteriorly , moderatHead with uniformly spaced, relatively coarse punctation; eyes  deeply ePageBreake and lateral margins; posterior margin of pronotum bisinuate, inner sinuation deeper than outer; bead distinct along lateral, anterior, and posterior margins, somewhat obscured on middle lobe of posterior margin; prothoracic episternal suture present; surface of proepisterna smooth, regularly punctuate, without coarse or rugose macrosculpture; prosternal process  attractant; some specimens were labeled as having been collected near a scolytine-infested Chihuahua pine (Pinus leiophylla). Two specimens were collected at night under ponderosa pine bark.PageBreakAll known specimens, except two, were collected using Lindgren funnel traps baited with western pine beetle (Eustrophopsis indistinctus in a neighbor\u2019s fungus-colonized birch (Betula) stump, which were the first specimens of that species I had seen from New Mexico.I am very pleased to be able to name this new species after my oldest son, George \u201cCrowdy\u201d Pollock, who has accompanied me on many collecting expeditions and who has made many interesting discoveries along the way. In fact, he found larvae and adults of Eustrophopsis crowdyi shares with Eustrophopsis ornatus conspicuously sexually dimorphic antennae, in males with a widening of antennomeres, one side of which is flattened and with setiform sensilla. While certainly not all world species of Eustrophinae have been studied in detail, this antennal modification is unique (so far) to these two species. As mentioned above, specimens of Eustrophopsis crowdyi were collected with many specimens of Eustrophopsis arizonensis and Eustrophopsis ornatus at the same locality in Cochise County, Arizona.PageBreakSeidlitz 1898http://species-id.net/wiki/SynstrophusSynstrophusEustrophus macrophthalmusSynstrophus (Synstrophus repandus (Horn) might eventually merit placement in a different genus-group taxon. A single species of Synstrophus is represented among Nearctic Eustrophinae.PageBreakThere are five species of strophus , distribhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Synstrophus_repandusEustrophus repandusSynstrophus repandus (Horn).\u2014This species is easily diagnosed based on the following features: body color uniformly dark; eyes narrowly separated; meso- and metatibiae smooth, without oblique ridges.PageBreakgin moderately emarginate; antennomeres 2\u20134 short, submoniliform; antennomeres 5\u201310 widened, becoming more triangular toward antennomeres 9\u201310; antennal sensilla completely annular; last maxillary palpomere unmodified, fusiform; prosternal process .PageBreak. AnotherEustrophus repandus Horn. LECTOTYPE, sex unknown, labeled \u201cPen / LectoTYPE / Eustrophus repandus Horn / MCZ Type 34039\", in MCZ. Paralectotypes (3), in MCZ.Pinus ponderosa bark (BC), shelf fungus on birch (BC), fungus on cottonwood (BC), Populus trichocarpa (BC), ex fungus on BetulaPageBreak(BC), underside of Populus trichocarpa log (BC), fleshy bracket fungus (ON), under wet moldy bark on dead tree (ON), Pleurotus ostreatus , polypore on branch of old Quercus rubrus (QC), under dead pine bark (AL), Meripilus giganteus (AR), ex fungi and under bark (FL), large mushroom on log (IL), Polyporus adustus (IL), Laetiporus sulphureus (IL), under Pinus bark (LA), ex bracket fungi (NC), in slimy fungus under pine bark (NY), under dead bark (SC), ex. Polyporus schweinitzii (VT), under bark of pine (WY).Label data: Synstrophus repandus is labeled \u201cEustrophus concolor Linn.\u201d This is the only known instance of this name to me, and it seems doubtful that it represents a described species.Among specimens in the LeConte collection (MCZ) a specimen of Eustrophinae is a good example of a group that is simultaneously rather obscure and poorly known to most coleopterists, and yet rather abundant, widespread and aPageBreak conspicuous component of the saproxylic fauna associated with dead coarse, woody material. Saproxylic beetles are important members of the insect community associated with the dead tree habitat in most forest types; they can be associated with the dead wood itself, fruiting bodies of wood-decaying fungi, or with other saproxylic species  was post-depositional, or was initiated before the log rafted north. In any event, the relative shade and moisture of the riverbank allowed for the maintenance of the moisture critical to fungal growth and development of multiple generations of eustrophine beetles (both Synstrophus repandus and Eustrophopsis bicolor).Specimens of Eustrophopsis exhibit a definite split between western and eastern faunas, except for Eustrophopsis confinis, which is the only species with a more or less continuous distribution across North America ; also, this species is restricted to northern latitudes, with specimens examined from more localities in Canada than the United States. The most common species of eustrophine, Eustrophopsis bicolor, is very widespread east of the central plains states, with only scattered rePageBreakcords from the western United States. In Canada, no records are known from west of Manitoba. Another eastern species is Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus, which seems restricted to the southeastern United States, west to south-central Texas.Species of Eustrophopsis is the southwestern United States, especially Arizona. The forested mountains and canyons in southern Arizona represent a zone of sympatry for five of the seven species of Nearctic Eustrophopsis. Among these five, relatively few specimens of Eustrophopsis bicolor are known from the southwest. The vast majority of specimens of another western species, Eustrophopsis arizonensis, are known from Arizona and New Mexico, but specimens are also known from as far north as southeastern Montana. This species also has a Mexican range as far south as Oaxaca. Specimens of Eustrophopsis indistinctus are known mainly from New Mexico and Arizona, with a northern range limit in southeastern Colorado, and southern limit in Mexico. The two remaining species of Eustrophopsis: Eustrophopsis ornatus and Eustrophopsis crowdyi, are known only from southernmost Arizona and New Mexico, with Eustrophopsis ornatus extending south into Mexico as well. This preliminary analysis of Eustrophinae biogeography suggests that the Nearctic fauna is a mixture of elements with close relatives in Europe and/or Asia  or in the Neotropics (e.g. some southwestern U.S. Eustrophopsis).The most \u201ccomplex\u201d region for Eustrophinae are relatively well known taxonomically , the one group in need of detailed revisionary work is Eustrophopsis. Many species have been described from Neotropical and Afrotropical regions (including Madagascar), with more undoubtedly remaining to be discovered and/or described. This represents a complex biogeographic scenario, and at this point it is unknown (but perhaps doubtful) whether Eustrophopsis is a monophyletic taxon.While most genera of the Eustrophinae a group deserving of further research. Future work on the group should concentrate not only on the nomenclature and taxonomy of adults, but also on the collection and description of immature stages, and possible host preferences / associations between the eustrophines and the wood-decaying fungi in which they occur. This will contribute not only to a better, more robust classification of the Tetratomidae, but also to the overall phylogeny and evolution of the \u201clower Tenebrionoidea\u201d.The seeming ecological importance of this group of tenebrionoid beetles, combined with the relatively high species diversity  make the"}
+{"text": "In the list of references, 29 is incorrect. Reference 29 should read, \"Coco C, Zannoni GF, Caredda E, Sioletic S, Boninsegna A, et al. (2012) Increased expression of CD133 and reduced dystroglycan expression are strong predictors of poor outcome in colon cancer patients. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 31: 71.\" Additionally, the affiliation for Dr. Xian-Ming Mo should be Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China."}
+{"text": "AbstractSchrankia H\u00fcbner, 1825, S. pelicanosp. n. is described from Sichuan, China. A diagnostic comparison is made with Schrankia taenialis  and Schrankia separatalis ; illustrations of the male holotype and its genitalia are provided. A checklist of the genus with synonyms is given.A new species of the genus  Schrankia H\u00fcbner, 1825 is a widespread genus of Erebidae, being distributed in the Northern hemisphere, the Oriental and Australasiatic regions. It is represented by three species in Europe , also inhabits North America  have a smaller and thinner body, narrow wings, grey or brownish forewing ground color, upcurved labial palps; ocelli also are absent. The configuration of the male genitalia is very uniform throughout the genus, having a very simple, long, narrow valva with small and thin processes at the base, and a short, wide aedeagus with a tapered caecum.The genus  the eye  and the  the eye , uncus lurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:033BC935-14EC-4A82-B753-15C530773B3Dhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Schrankia_pelicanoHolotype male. China, Sichuan, 29\u00b052.808'N, 102\u00b050.240'E, near Ying Jing, bamboo forest, 700 m, 4.IV.2011, leg. Floriani; slide No.: OP1429m . Paratypes. China, Sichuan: 4 \u2642\u2642, with same data as the holotype ; 1 \u2642 (coll. O. Pekarsky); 1 \u2642 .PageBreakThe species name refers to the resemblance of the opened male genitalia to a pelican.Schrankia . The autapomorphic features of Schrankia pelicano are the very long palpi, being much longer than in other species of Schrankia, the biarticulate uncus, the extremely large sacculus, which is almost equal in size and similar in shape to the distal half of the valva. Considering the diagnostic characters mentioned previously, the new species is placed into Schrankia, but its generic position could change through a much needed revision of the entire genus. Among Schrankia, the new species is closest to the Oriental group of species known from Korea and Japan, Schrankia separatalis, Schrankia dimorpha, Schrankia kogii, Schrankia masuii and Schrankia seinoi. This species-group is characterized by the flat, thin, weakly sclerotized  distal half of valva, which has a rounded apex, wider and more strongly sclerotized haunch-like valval base, the well-developed apical saccular projection, and the less broadened caecum. The numerous autapomorphic features of the male genitalia of the new species  about 2.8 times longer than 3rd segment, which is porrect; antenna with fine ciliation ventrally along full length, basal joint without pectination. Forewing elongate, narrow with acute apex, outer margin with rounded termen; ground color grey brown; costa straight with five milk-white patches; basal line barely visible, semicircular; antemedial line black, straight, oblique, curved upward near costa; postmedial line black, straight, oblique, extending from 2/3 from base on hind margin of wing to 9/10 from base on costal margin, edged on outer side by narrow yellow postmedial fascia; subterminal line faint, pale, irregular, parallel to outer margin of wing; terminal line black, most prominent between wing veins; cilia yellow at base with dark medial line, grey distally. Hindwing ochreous grey, discal spot grey, terminal line black; cilia pale yellow at base, grey distally. Abdomen slender, long. Female unknown.Male . WingspaMale genitalia  TL: Europealbistrigatis Haworth, 1809 [TL: Britain]syn. Schrankia costaestrigalis  TL: Wittlesea Mere, Swaffham, Norfolkexsularis Meyrick, 1888 TL: New Zealand, Taranakisyn. triangulalis Hudson, 1923syn. PageBreaksyn. costistrigalis Dannehl, 1925 [TL: Italy]lugubralis Dannehl, 1925 TL: South Tirol, Italysyn. monotona Lempke, 1949 [TL: Holland]syn. unicolor Lempke, 1949 [TL: Holland]syn. virgata Lempke, 1966 [TL: Holland]syn. hartigi Berio, 1991 TL: Sardiniasyn. Schrankia balneorum  TL: N. Caucasusbosporella Budashkin & Klyuchko, 1990 TL: Crimeasyn. AfricaSchrankia solitaria Fletcher, 1961 TL: Ruwenzori, Mahoma River [Uganda]Schrankia microscopica  TL: Aldabra Islands [Seychelles]Schrankia namibiensis Hacker, 2004 TL: Namibia, Brandberg, Am K\u00f6nigsteinSchrankia scoparioides Hacker, 2004 TL: Namibia, Brandberg, Hungarob-valleyAsiatic regionSchrankia obstructalis  TL: Sarawak [Malaysia]Schrankia croceipicta  TL: Ceylon, Pundaloyacroceipicta aegrota Berio, 1962; 179, TL: Seychelles, Mahe B., Vallonsyn. Schrankia aurantilineata  TL: CeylonSchrankia separatalis  TL: Koreasqualida Wileman & South, 1917; 28, TL: Japansyn. Schrankia dimorpha Inoue, 1979 TL: Kagawa Pref., Shinoe, Fudodaki [Japan]Schrankia kogii Inoue, 1979 TL: Hokkaido, Shintoku, KuttariSchrankia masuii Inoue, 1979 TL: Kagawa Pref., Shinoe, Oyashiki [Japan]Schrankia seinoi Inoue, 1979 TL: Amami-Oshima Is., Sumiyoson [Japan]Schrankia bilineata Galsworthy, 1997 TL: Hong KongSchrankia pelicano sp. n. TL: China, SichuanSchrankia bruntoni Holloway, 2008 TL: Ulu Temburon, BruneiSchrankia dusunorum Holloway, 2008 TL: Sabah, Ulu Dusun, 30mls W of Sandakan [Malaysia]Schrankia spiralaedeagus Holloway, 2008 TL: Sarawak, Gunong Mulu Nat. Park [Malaysia]Australasiatic regionSchrankia calligrapha Snellen, 1880 TL: New Hebrides, Aneityum, Red Crest, 3 km NE of AnelgauhatSchrankia taona  TL: Samoa, SavaiiSchrankia capnophanes  TL: Tasmania, Mt. WellingtonSchrankia dochmographa Fletcher, 1957 TL: Solomon Is., Rennell I., HutunaSchrankia furoroa Robinson, 1975 TL: Fiji, Rotuma, FuroroaSchrankia vitiensis Robinson, 1975 TL: [Fiji]Schrankia boisea Holloway, 1977 TL: New Caledonia, Port BoiseSchrankia cheesmanae Holloway, 1977 TL: New Hebrides, Aneityum, Red Crest, 3 km NE of AnelgauhatPageBreakSchrankia daviesi Holloway, 1977 TL: Norfolk Is., N. Mission RoadSchrankia erromanga Holloway, 1977 TL: New Hebrides, Erromango I., Nouankao CampSchrankia karkara Holloway, 1977 TL: New Guinea, Karkar I., Dampier I.Schrankia nokowula Holloway, 1977 TL: New Hebrides, Sanot, Mt. Tabwemasana, NokowulaSchrankia nouankaoa Holloway, 1977 TL: New Hebrides, Erromango I., Nouankao CampSchrankia tabwemasana Holloway, 1977 TL: New Hebrides, Santo, Mt. Tabwemasana, NokowulaSchrankia tamsi Holloway, 1977 TL: Samoa, Upolu I., Mt. VaeaNeotropical regionSchrankia macula  TL: Panama, ChiriquiSchrankia flualis  TL: Panama, Trinidad RiverSchrankia musalis  TL: Panama, Trinidad RiverOceanian regionSchrankia altivolans  TL: Hawaii, Mauna Loasimplex  TL: Hawaiisyn. oxygramma  TL: Kaua, Kaholuamano [Hawaii]syn. sarothrura  TL: Hawaii, Olasyn. arrhecta  TL: Hawaii, Mt. Waimeasyn. Schrankia howarthi Davis & Medeiros, 2009 TL: Hawaii"}
+{"text": "David A. Boas, Constantinos Pitris, and Nimmi Ramanujam, Eds.:Handbook of Biomedical OpticsCRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, London, New York, 2011ISBN: 978-1-4200-9036-9 (Hardback), 787 pages The authors declare that they have no competing interests."}
+{"text": "AbstractProrophora Ragonot, 1887 is newly recorded for China. Of the three species treated here, Prorophora (Reisserempista) binacanthasp. n. is described as new; Prorophora (Prorophora) albidogilvella Roesler, 1970 and Prorophora (Reisserempista) mongolica Roesler, 1970 are diagnosed and newly recorded for China. Images of adults and illustrations of genital structures are provided, along with a key to the known species.The genus  Prorophora was established by Ragonot in 1887, with Prorophora curvibasella Ragonot, 1887 as the type species from Namangan, Turkestan (now Uzbekistan). Following Ragonot, Prorophora dialeuca from Sri Lanka and Prorophora grisealella from Senegal. Reisserempista, with Prorophora (Reisserempista) mongolica Roesler, 1970 as the type species. The same author PageBreak(1973) revised part of the Phycitinae species of the Palaearctic Region, in which he treated Aproceratia Amsel, 1950 as a synonym of Epischidia Ragonot, 1901, and transferred the latter genus to Prorophora as a subgenus.Prorophora Ragonot, 1887, Epischidia Ragonot, 1901 and Reisserempista Roesler, 1970, based on the characters of the maxillary palp, the male antenna and the female antrum. As Epischidia Ragonot, 1901 is both a homonym and a synonym of Epischidia Rebel, 1901 (Prorophora (Aproceratia) Amsel, 1950 for Prorophora (Epischidia) Ragonot. Later on, Prorophora halothamni from Uzbekistan and Prorophora (Prorophora) kazachstaniella from Kazakhstan. To date, the genus Prorophora comprisesthree subgenera with twelve valid species, which occur in North Africa, Southeast Europe and Asia.el, 1901 , RoeslerProrophora Ragonot, 1887 and subgenera Reisserempista Roesler, 1970 and Prorophora Ragonot, 1887 are provided. The new species Prorophora binacantha sp. n. is described in the subgenus Reisserempista. The type specimens are deposited in the Insect Collection, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.In the present paper, we report three species from China based on the specimens collected in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Gansu Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. A key to all the known species, diagnoses for Ragonot, 1887http://species-id.net/wiki/ProrophoraProrophoraProrophora curvibasella Ragonot, 1887, by monotypy. Ragonot, 1887: 252. Type species: AproceratiaProceratia rhectogramma Meyrick, 1937 , by monotypy. Synonymised by  Amsel, 1950: 224. Type species: ReisserempistaProrophora Type species: Prorophora (Reisserempista) mongolica Roesler, 1970, by monotypy. Roesler, 1970: 55. subgenus of Prorophora is characterized by the frons with a distinct laterally compressed projection , Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt, Sudan, Senegal and Sri Lanka. Newly recorded for China .PageBreakSubgenusRoesler, 1970Maxillary palp present. Male antenna with basal 3\u22129 flagellomeres curved, flagellomeres 5\u22129 each with one thorn on dorsal surface; culcita absent. Female antrum with a pair of scent scale tufts posterolaterally(shed easily), accessory sac present.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1DC86CF1-34DC-444A-B50F-AB36D78A6101http://species-id.net/wiki/Prorophora_binacanthaChina, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region: Mt. Helan , Alxa Zuoqi, 1683 m, 29.VII.2010, coll. Hongxia Liu and Zhiwei Zhang. Paratypes: 1 \u2642, 1 \u2640, Erenhot , 960 m, 02.VIII.2002, coll. Zhiqiang Li and Dandan Zhang, genitalia slide nos. LJY10019 \u2642, LJY10289 \u2640; 1 \u2642, 1 \u2640, Buyant , Urad Houqi, 1075 m, 17.VIII.2006, coll. Zhiwei Zhang, genitalia slide nos. LJY10292 \u2642, LJY11034 \u2640; 30 \u2642\u2642, 15 \u2640\u2640, Mt. Helan , Alxa Zuoqi, 1683\u22121836 m, 29.VII.\u221203.VIII.2010, coll. Hongxia Liu and Zhiwei Zhang, genitalia slide nos. LJY10658 \u2642, LJY11031 \u2642, LJY11028 \u2640; Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region: 1 \u2642, Yinchuan , VI.1986, genitalia slide no. LJY10028 \u2642; 5 \u2642\u2642, Suyukou , Mt. Helan, 2000 m, 10.VIII.2005\u221209.VIII.2006, coll. Xinpu Wang, Feng Yang and Qi He, genitalia slide nos. LJY09037 \u2642, LJY09065 \u2642, LJY10195, \u2642.Holotype \u2642 \u2013 Prorophora (Reisserempista) mongolica Roesler, 1970, but can be distinguished by the following characters: the forewing dark brown along veins between antemedian and postmedian lines; in the male genitalia, the valva with one spine at ventral 2/3, and the phallus with 3\u22125 cornuti; in the female genitalia, the elongate signum extending from the entrance to posterior 1/3 of the corpus bursae. In Prorophora (Reisserempista) mongolica, the forewing is yellowish brown along veins between antemedian and postmedian lines; the valva lacks the ventral spine, and the phallus hasPageBreak two cornuti; the signum is a small sclerotized subrounded plate, located in posterior 1/4 of the corpus bursae.This species is similar to PageBreakclearly separated; postmedian line greyish white, curved slightly inward at middle, edged with a broad dark brown band along inner side, with a thin yellowish brown band along outer side; termen pale dark brown; cilia greyish white. Hindwing greyish brown, outer margin dark brown; cilia greyish white. Legs with femura and tibiae greyish white, mixed with black; tarsi dark brown, mixed greyish white, ringed with greyish white at apex of each tarsomere. Abdomen pale yellow to yellowish brown dorsally, grayish white ventrally, mixed with dark brown.Adult , 2, 3 wiMale genitalia .bin-, and acanthus (= spinous), referring to the valva having an apical spine on the costa and a strong free apical spine on the ventral margin. The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix Roesler, 1970http://species-id.net/wiki/Prorophora_mongolicaProrophora (Reisserempista) mongolicaPageBreak Roesler, 1970: 55; Roesler, 1973: 76; Roesler, 1987: 394. .China, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region: 1 \u2642, Chengguanzhen, Dengkou County , 1000 m, 19.VIII.2002, coll. Zhiqiang Li and Dandan Zhang; 31 \u2642\u2642, 15 \u2640\u2640, Buyant , Urad Houqi, 1075 m, 17.VIII.2006, coll. Zhiwei Zhang; 2 \u2642\u2642, 4 \u2640\u2640, Mt. Helan , Alxa Zuoqi, 1836 m, 03.VIII.2010, coll. Hongxia Liu and Zhiwei Zhang; Gansu Province: 1 \u2640, Minqin County , 1343 m, 26.VII.2006, coll. Xinpu Wang and Xiangfeng Shi. .Adult  with win China ; Mongolia.SubenusRagonot, 1887 Maxillary palp absent. Male culcita absent or one pair. Female antrum elongate; two signa prominent on surface of corpus bursae, covered with conical spines on inner surface; ductus seminalis from posterior part of corpus bursae.Roesler, 1970http://species-id.net/wiki/Prorophora_albidogilvellaProrophora albidogilvella Roesler, 1970: 50. .Prorophora (Prorophora) albidogilvella Roesler, 1970: Roesler, 1973: 65; Roesler, 1987: 394.China, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region: 1 \u2642, 4 \u2640\u2640, Ejin Qi , 927 m, 17\u221218.VII.2006, coll. Xinpu Wang and Xiangfeng Shi; Gansu Province: 1 \u2642, Minqin County , 1343 m, 26.VII.2006, coll. Xinpu Wang and Xiangfeng Shi. .PageBreak; Mongolia."}
+{"text": "Journal of Neuroinflammation 8:101.Correction to Rao J S, Kim H W, Kellom M, Greenstein D, Chen M, Kraft A D, Harry G J, Rapoport S I, Basselin M. Increased neuroinflammatory and arachidonic acid cascade markers, and reduced synaptic proteins, in brain of HIV-1 transgenic rats.  The authors observe that the original study  contains"}
+{"text": "AbstractPaectes H\u00fcbner [1818] related to Paectes arcigera (Guen\u00e9e)  and Paectes longiformis Pogue (Brazil) are described: Paectes aspersp. n. , Paectes medialbasp. n. (Argentina), Paectes similissp. n. (Brazil), Paectes sinuosasp. n. , and Paectes tumidasp. n. . Adults and genitalia are illustrated for all species. Taxonomic changes include the rev. stat. of Paectes nana   as a valid species and revised synonymsPaectes indefatigabilis Schaus and Paectes isabel Schaus as junior synonyms of Paectes nana instead of Paectes arcigera. New host records for Paectes sinuosa and Paectes nana reared on Brazilian peppertree  are presented. The holotype and female genitalia of Paectes obrotunda (Guen\u00e9e) are illustrated.Five new species of  Paectes longiformis Pogue were sent to me for identification from scientists at the Biological Control Research and Containment Laboratory, University of Florida, Ft. Pierce, FL. This species is being tested for possible release as a biological control agent of the Brazilian peppertree , an invasive species with severe economic impact. Specimens originated near the airport in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Originally thought to be Paectes obrotunda (Guen\u00e9e), it proved to be a new species  and Paectes nana  and five additional new species that are described here. Taxonomic changes included the revised status of Paectes nana as a valid species and not a synonym of Paectes arcigera. Paectes burserae (Dyar) is a syn. n. of Paectes nana. Paectes indefatigabilis Schaus and Paectes isabel Schaus, both from the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, are synonyms of Paectes nana and not Paectes arcigera as previously thought (Paectes obrotunda (Guen\u00e9e) is also referred to the Paectes arcigera group.In the collection of the USNM there were over 250 specimens identified as  thought . PaectesPaectes arcigera group includes only the species referred to in this paper. Species in this group can be recognized by the elongate free saccular extension in the male genitalia. Including the species in this revision there are 12 species of Paectes in North America and 40 species in the Neotropics. Two of these species, Paectes nana and Paectes asper Pogue, occur both in North America and the Neotropics.The Specimens and images were examined from the following collections: The Natural History Museum, London, UKBMNH Peter J. Landolt collection, Yakima, WA, USALAN McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USAMGCL Terhune S. Dickel Collection, Ocala, FL, USATDC Cole\u00e7\u00e3o Entomol\u00f3gica Padre Jesus Santiago Moure, Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Curitiba, BRAZILUFPC National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USAUSNM Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USAWSUPageBreakogy follows Dissection of genitalia follows the method of \u00ae ArcMap\u2122 10.0 . Latitude and longitude coordinates were obtained from the label data or from a localities database that I maintain. The data points were entered into a FileMaker Pro 11.0 v 3 database and then directly assembled as a data layer onto a world map projection using a GCS-WGS-1984 Geographic Coordinate System.Distribution maps  were genhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Paectes_arcigeraIngura arcigerain Guen\u00e9e Neotype: Dominica. USNM, here designated. This is a confusing group of species that can only be identified reliably by genitalic characters, so to ensure the stability of the name, a male labeled \u201cDOMINICA: Grande Savane, 1 July 1964, O. S. Flint, Jr., genitalia slide male, USNM 135918 [green label]\u201d is designated as neotype for Ingura arcigeraGuen\u00e9e, 1852.St. Thomas: lost. BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS: Guana Island, 1\u201314 July 1984 , Genitalia slides m, USNM 135957, 1359980, 135991, 135993, 136010, S.E. & P.M. Miller; Virgin Gorda Island, Virgin Gorda Peak, ca. 400 m, 17\u201319 July 1986 , Genitalia slide m, USNM 135958, S.E. Miller & M.G. Pogue. DOMINICA: same data as neotype , genitalia slide male, USNM 136004, 13 May 1964 , 14 June 1964 , 28 Oct. 1966 , E.L. Todd, 31 Oct. 1966 , genitalia USNM 136003, E.L. Todd, 1 Nov. 1966 , E.L. Todd; Clarke Hall, 11 Jan. 1965 , J. F. PageBreakPageBreakG. Clarke & Thelma M. Clarke, 16 Jan. 1965 , J. F. G. Clarke & Thelma M. Clarke; 2.2 mi E of Pont Casse, 7 May 1964, O. S. Flint, Jr. ; Roseau, Nov. 1967 , N.L.H. Krauss; S. Chiltern , 8\u201310 Dec. 1964 , P.J. Spangler; no specific locality, May-June 1905 , Genitalia slide m MGP 1325, E. A. Agar [BMNH], Oct. 1904 , Nov. 1904 , Apr. 1905 , E. A. Agar [BMNH], , Genitalia slide m MGP 1324, E. A. Agar [BMNH],  [BMNH]; Portsmouth, 8 Oct. 1956 , E. Hamblett [BMNH]. GRENADA: St. George\u2019s Cave, July 18 , genitalia slide male MGP 1321 [BMNH]. GRENADINES: Union I., June 1905 , genitalia slide MGP 1322 [BMNH]. GUADELOUPE: Port de Jaray, 14 Sep. 1982 , B. Lalanne-Cassou. PUERTO RICO: Bayam\u00f3n, 15 Jan. 1933 , Anderson & Lesesny; Guanica, Fajardo, 29 July 1913 , E. G. S. Collector; Maricao, Centro Vacacional, Monte del Estado, nr. Maricao, 1\u20139 Mar. 1971 , C.P. Kimball; Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, 3\u20134 Aug. 1955 , J.A. Ramos; San Juan, June\u2013July 1932 , Genitalia slide USNM 135929, C.G. Anderson. ST. LUCIA: no specific locality, , Branch; , Maj. Cowrie,  [BMNH]; 1 mi NW Soufriere, 18\u201323 Nov. 1975 , Genitalia slide USNM 135933, E.L. Todd. ST. VINCENT: Bequia I., Sep. 1903 ; windward side, , H. H. Smith [BMNH]. TRINIDAD: No specific locality , A. Busck. U. S. VIRGIN ISLANDS: ST. CROIX: 1 mi W airport, 6\u201316 July 1967 , Genitalia slide USNM 42808; Christiansted, 19 Nov. 1941 , H.A. Beatty; Gallows Point, 9 July 1956 , genitalia slide USNM 136045, J.G. Coutsis; Orangegrove, W. End, 6\u201316 July 1967 , E.L. Todd.All specimens in USNM unless noted . Paectes arcigera from Paectes asper Pogue is by characters in the male and female genitalia. Male genitalia of Paectes arcigera consist of a reduced, fingerlike valve and costa, and a greatly expanded free saccular extension  on Isla Santa Fe, Galapagos Islands, but this record can be referred to Paectes nana.Trinidad . ProbablPaectes arcigera has been confused in collections and in the literature as Paectes obrotunda. Paectes arcigera as occurring in Florida, but these are based on a broad concept of Paectes arcigera that made this revision of the species complex necessary. These Florida records are now known to be referable to Paectes asper and Paectes nana. Paectes arcigera as occurring in North America, unaware that the name represented a species complex. Paectes arcigera as occurring on Little Cayman Island, but this is probably referable to Paectes asper. Paectes arcigera and Paectes asper occur sympatrically in the U.S. Virgin Islands, British Virgin Islands, and Dominica.Pogue, 2012http://species-id.net/wiki/Paectes_longiformisPaectes longiformisin Pogue Holotype male \u2013 BRAZIL: Bahia, nr. Salvador airport , March 2010, R. Diaz, V. Manrique, M. Vitorino; USNM ENT 00148675; HOLOTYPE / Paecteslongiformis Pogue\u201d [red label]. UFPC. Paratypes \u2013  Same data as holotype; genitalia slide male USNM 134921; genitalia slides female USNM 135919, 135976, 135920, 135015, 135016. UFPC, USNM, CNC, BMNH.Paectes longiformis is most likely to be confused with Paectes similis Pogue, but can be differentiated by the color of the medial area of the forewing. In Paectes longiformis stat. rev.http://species-id.net/wiki/Paectes_nanaEdema nana Walker, 1865: 425.Ingura burseraesyn. n. Dyar, 1901: 455. Paectes indefatigabilissyn. rev. (previously synonymized by Poole 1993 under Paectes arcigera) Schaus, 1923: 38. Paectes isabelsyn. rev. (previously synonymized by Poole 1993 under Paectes arcigera) Schaus, 1923: 39. Edema nana \u2013 Type locality: \u201cDominican Republic, Santo Domingo\u201d Holotype male. UMO; photograph examined.Ingura burserae \u2013 Type locality: USA: Florida, Palm Beach. Syntypes male, female. USNM; types examined. Dyar listed two types, a male and female, in his original description. I hereby designate the male as lectotypeto avoid confusion in this complicated group.Paectes indefatigabilis \u2013 Type locality: [Ecuador]: [Galapagos Islands]: Indefatigable, Conway Bay. Lectotype male. USNM; examined. Paectes isabel \u2013 Type locality: [Ecuador]: [Galapagos Islands]: Indefatigable, Conway Bay. Holotype male. USNM; examined.PageBreakCOLOMBIA: BOYACA: Muzo, 400\u2013800 m, , Fassl [BMNH]. CAUCA: Popayan, May 1972 , R. Perry [BMNB]. MAGDALENA: Don Amo, 2000 PageBreakft., June 1911 , genitalia slide male MGP 1302, female MGP 1304, 4000 ft., , H. H. Smith [BMNH]; Minca, 2000 ft., , June , H. H. Smith [BMNH]; Valparaiso, 4000 ft., , genitalia slide male MGP 1300, H. H. Smith [BMNH]. SANTA MARTA: Onaca, June\u2013Aug. , genitalia slide male MGP 1301, female MGP 1303, C. Engelke [BMNH]. COSTA RICA: no specific locality,  genitalia slide MGP 1329, Underwood, BMNH; GUANACASTE: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Mundo Nuevo, Quebrada Tibio Perla, 300 m, 26 Nov. 2009 , J. Cortez, host: Bursera simaruba; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Potrerillos, Rio Azufrado, 95 m, 29 Sep. 2002 , G. Pereira, host: Bursera simaruba; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Santa Rosa, Quebrada Guapote, 240 m, 12 July 1994 , 280 m, 7 July 1993 , gusaneros, host: Bursera tomentosa; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Santa Rosa, Area Administrativa, 295 m, 4 May 1995 , genitalia slide male USNM 136087, gusaneros, 22 Aug. 1984 , D.H. Janzen, host: Bursera simaruba; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Santa Rosa, Bosque San Emillio, 300 m, 30 June 1983 , 7 July 1983 , D.H. Janzen, host: Bursera tomentosa; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Santa Rosa, Laguna Escondida 285 m, 23 June 2005 , R. Franco, host: Bursera tomentosa; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Santa Rosa, Bosque Humedo, 290 m, 21 Aug. 1991 , gusaneros, host: Bursera tomentosa; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Santa Rosa, Luces, 6 July 1992 , gusaneros, host: Bursera tomentosa; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Pocosol, Casa Garzal, 245 m, 1 July 2004 , R. Franco, host: Bursera simaruba; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Cacao, Sendero Guayabal, 500 m, 7 Oct. 2004 , D. Garcia, host: Bursera simaruba. CUBA: LA HABANA: Santiago de Las Vegas, 12 July 1931 , genitalia slide USNM 136068, A. Otero. ORIENTE: Santiago, , genitalia slide USNM 33943. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: BARAHONA: nr. Filipinas, Larimar Mine, 20\u201326 June 1997 , genitalia slide male MGP 1334, P. Landolt, R. Woodruff, P. Skelley [LAN]. DAJABON:13 km S Loma de Cabrera, 400 m, 20\u201322 May 1973 , D. & M. Davis. LA VEGA: Hotel Montana, 520 m, 28 May 1973 , genitalia slide male USNM 135936, D. & M. Davis; Constanza, Hotel Nueva Suiza, 1164 m, 29 May 1973 , D. & M. Davis; vic. Jarabocoa, 22 June 1981 , 27 June 1981 , genitalia slide USNM 136266, C.V. Covell, Jr. NATIONAL DISTRICT: Santo Domingo, , A. Busck. ECUADOR: GALAPAGOS: Indefatigable, Conway Bay, 1 Apr. 1923 , genitalia slide male USNM 135966; South Seymour, 23 Apr. 1923 . IMBABURA: Paramba, Jan. \u2013May , genitalia slide MGP 1309 [BMNH]. GUATEMALA: BAJA VERAPAZ: Chejel, Schaus and Barnes Coll. , genitalia slide, USNM 135915. SUCHITEPEQUEZ: Univ. del Valle de Guatemala Research Station, nr. Aldea Adelaida/Finca Panama, nr. Santa Barbara, 1550 m, 12 Aug. 2010 , P.J. Landolt [LAN]. ZACAPA: Santa Cruz, Marble Quarry rd., NE of Teculutan, 560 m, 18 July 2007 , genitalia slide MGP 1339, 290 m, 19 July 2007 , genitalia slide MGP 1342, P.J. Landolt PageBreak[LAN], , R.S. Zack [WSU]. MEXICO: DISTRICTO FEDERAL: Mexico City, , C. Mayer [BMNH]. HIDALGO: 5 mi E Tulancingo, 7400 ft., 24 July 1963 , genitalia slide USNM 136055, Duckworth & Davis; nr. San Vicente, 2 July 1965 , genitalia slide USNM 135954, Flint & Ortiz; Zacualpan, 15 Aug. , genitalia slide male USNM 33942, R. Muller. JALISCO: Guadalajara, Coll. Wm. Schaus ; Guadalajara, Oct. \u2013Nov. 1898 , P. H. Goldsmith, Oct. 1896 , Schaus [BMNH]. OAXACA: Oaxaca, , genitalia slide male USNM 42805, Coll. Wm. Schaus, June 1896 , Schaus [BMNH]. PUEBLA: Tehuacan, 11 June , R. Muller. TAMAULIPAS: Rancho del Cielo, 6 km NNW Gomez Farias, 3500 ft., July 1982 , genitalia slide USNM 135056, M.A. Solis. VERACRUZ: Orizaba, 11 June , R. Muller; Jalapa, , genitalia slide MGP 1326, M. Trujillo [BMNH]. YUCUTAN: Chichen Itza, 7 July 1955 , E. C. Welling [BMNH]. U.S.A.: FLORIDA: Collier Co., Chokoloskee, , genitalia slides m USNM 136256, f USNM 136262. Hernando Co.: Bay Port, 24 Jan. 1989 , genitalia slides male MGP 1274, 1277, 1281, J. Gillmore MGCL. Lee Co.: no specific locality, 18 Sep. 1987 , genitalia slide USNM 136052, D. Maloney USNM. Levy Co.: Cedar Key, 20 Sep. 1995 , genitalia slide m MGP 1280, J. Gillmore & J. Medal MGCL. Manatee Co., Oneco, May 1954 , genitalia slide USNM 136258, P. Dillman. Miami-Dade Co.: Royal Palm State Park, , Mar. , genitalia slides female USNM 136041, 136261, F.M. Jones; Oweissa-Bauer Hammock, 27 Dec. 1979 , genitalia slide MGP 1287, H.D. Baggett MGCL. Monroe Co.: Big Pine Key, Cactus Hammock, 20 Sep. 1989 , genitalia slides male MGP 1282, 1283, D. Habeck, J. Gillmore, M. Hennessey MGCL; Crawl Key, 22 Mar. 1988 , genitalia Vial #83, D.H. Habeck MGCL; Fleming Key, 20 June 1979 , J.A. Acree & H.V. Weems, Jr. MGCL; Key Largo, 16 Sep. 1964 , Mrs. Spencer Kemp MGCL; Key Largo Key [sic], 20 Sep. 1964 , genitalia slide male MGP 1278, Mrs. Spencer Kemp MGCL; Long Key State Park, 21 Dec. 1983 , T.S. Dickel TDC; No Name Key, 29 July 1992 , W.L. Adair, Jr. MGCL. Pinellas Co.: Dunedin, Hammock Park, 19 Jan. 1986 , 2 Feb. 1986 , 8 Feb. 1986 , J.D. Worsley MGCL. Sarasota Co.: Siesta Key, 3 Jan. 1960 , 21 Nov. 1953 , genitalia slide USNM 136259, C.P. Kimball USNM, 2 Apr. 1954 , genitalia slide MGP 1286, 18 May 1957 , 18 May 1960 , 5 Nov. 1953 , C.P. Kimball MGCL; St. Lucie Co.: 8 mi N Ft. Pierce n Turnpike, 22 Sep. 1995 , D.H. Habeck, R. Goodson, G. McDermott MGCL. VENEZUELA: ARAGUA: Rancho Grande, 1100 m, 30\u201331 Mar. 1978 , 1\u20133 Apr. 1978 , genitalia slide male USNM 135964, J.B. Heppner, 22\u201331 July 1967 , genitalia slide male USNM 135963, genitalia slide female USNM 135960, 1\u20137 Aug. 1967 , 8\u201314 Aug. 1967 , 15\u201321 Aug. 1967 , genitalia slide male USNM 42804, R.W. Poole. LARA: Yacambu Nat. Park, 13 km SE Sanare, 1560 m, 28\u201331 July 1981 , 1\u20135 Aug. 1981 , Genitalia slide USNM 135968, J. PageBreakHeppner. MERIDA: Mucy Fish Hatchery, 7 km E Tabay, 6600 ft., 10\u201313 Feb. 1978 , J.B. Heppner. NORTE DE SANTANDER: Cucuta, , genitalia slide MGP 1305 [BMNH]. T.F. AMAZONIA: Cerro de la Neblina, Basecamp, 140 m, 1\u201310 Mar. 1984 , D. Davis & T. McCabe. YARACUY: Aroa, , Coll. Wm. Schaus.All from USNM unless noted. . Paectes nana has two distinct forms. The most easily recognized bears exaggerated dark markings on the apical portion of the postmedial line that is contiguous with the subapical dash, the posterior portion of the postmedial line from CuA1 to posterior margin, and the antemedial line from just dorsal to anal vein to posterior margin  are common on gumbo-limbo (Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg., Burseraceae). In Costa Rica Paectes nana collecting dates range from May through November and has been reared from Bursera simaruba and Bursera tomentosa (Jacq.) Triana & Planch.Paectes nana has two forms. A form that is easily confused with Paectes asper and a more boldly marked form where the antemedial and postmedial lines and marginal dash are heavily marked with black and there are scattered black scales along the forewing posterior margin adjacent to the antemedial line. The holotype of Paectes nana is a heavily marked form.Poguesp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:16EDE70C-D0AF-4CF7-A020-27E4EB09AF8Fhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Paectes_asperHolotype male \u2013 CUBA: Santiago, Collection Wm. Schaus; HOLOTYPE / Paectes asper Pogue\u201d [red label]. USNM. Paratypes \u2013 . All from USNM unless noted. Same data as holotype  genitalia slide male USNM 135978, genitalia slides female USNM 135977, 135981\u2013 135983; , genitalia slide male MGP 1314 [BMNH]. BAHAMAS: no specific locality  [BMNH]. ABACO ISLANDS: no specific locality, , Mar. 1902 , genitalia slide male MGP 1313, J.J. Bonhote [BMNH]. ANDROS: Andros Town, 27\u201329 Jan. 1965 , genitalia slide USNM 135927, leg. W. U. R. Piath; Mangrove Cay, 11 Jan. 1902 , J.J. Bonhote [BMNH]. NEW PROVIDENCE: Nassau, , Col. Jacob Doll.; Nassau I., 8 July 1898 , 14 July 1898 , J.J. Bonhote [BMNH]. BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS: Great Camanoe Is., 1/3 mi ESE Cam Bay, 18 Mar. 1974 , C.L. Remington; Guana Island, North Bay, 0 m, 15\u201325 July 1986 , S.E. Miller & M.G. Pogue; Guana Island, 0-80 m, 13\u201326 July 1986 , genitalia slide USNM 135931, S.E. Miller & M.G. Pogue; Guana Island, 1\u201314 July 1984 , Genitalia slides male USNM 135979, 135990, 135992, 136009, genitalia slides female 135998, 136005, 136006, 136007, 9\u201315 July 1985 , S.E. and P.M. Miller; Tortola, 14 May 1980 , 29 May 1980 , 28 July 1973 , 23 Oct. 1972 , Oct. 1972 , genitalia slides MGP 1319, 1320, 12 Nov. 1973 , 14 Nov. 1972, , 18 Nov. 1972 , J. Lorimer, 5 June 1974  [BMNH]. CAYMAN ISLANDS: CAYMAN BRAC: behind Stakes Bay, 20 May 1938 , 21 May 1938 , 22 May 1938 , C.B. Lewis, G.H Thompson; N. coast of Stakes Bay, 20 May 1938 , 22 May 1938 , genitalia slide MGP 1318, C.B. Lewis, G.H Thompson; west end of Cotton-tree Land., 19 May 1938 , 22 May 1938 , C.B. Lewis, G.H Thompson [BMNH]. GRAND CAYMAN: east end of East End, 13 PageBreakMay 1938 , 16 May 1938 , C.B. Lewis, G.H Thompson; Georgetown, , genitalia slide male MGP 1317, A.W. Cardinall; N. coast of North Side, 11 July 1938 , 14 July 1938 , 16 July 1938 , PageBreakC.B. Lewis, G.H Thompson; west end of Georgetown, 14 May 1938 , C.B. Lewis, G.H Thompson [BMNH]. LITTLE CAYMAN: south coast of South Town, 31 May 1938 , 2 June 1938 , 4 June 1938 , C.B. Lewis, G.H Thompson [BMNH]. COLOMBIA: SAN ADRES, PROVIDENCIA, AND SANTA CATALINA: San Andr\u00e9s, 300 ft., Apr. 1926 , genitalia slides MGP 1328, 1351, F.W. Jackson [BMNH]. CUBA: no specific locality, , genitalia slide male USNM 42806, genitalia slides female USNM 135962, 135985, Coll. Wm. Schaus, , Dognin Coll.; no specific locality, , genitalia slide male MGP 1315 [BMNH]. GUANTANAMO: Baracoa, , Aug. Busck Collector, 12 Feb. 1958 , Genitalia slide USNM 135955, B. Wright. HOLGUIN: Holguin, , H.S. Parrish [BMNH]. LA HABANA: Cayamas, , E.A. Schwarz. ORIENTE: Santiago, , genitalia slide male MGP 1314, W. Schaus [BMNH], June 1902 , Nov. 1902 , W. Schaus [BMNH]. DOMINICA: 1 mi N Mahaut, 12 June 1964 , genitalia slide USNM 136002, O.S. Flint, Jr.; Clarke Hall, 3 June 1964 , genitalia slide USNM 135984, O.S. Flint, Jr.; Grande Savane, 13 May 1964 , genitalia slide USNM 135961, 20 May 1964 , genitalia slide male USNM 135975, genitalia slide female USNM 136057, 14 June 1964 , genitalia slide USNM 135995, 31 Oct. 1966 , genitalia slide male USNM 135994, genitalia slide female USNM 136008, O.S. Flint, Jr.; Macoucheri, 1 Feb. 1965 , genitalia slide USNM 136058, 12 Feb. 1965 , genitalia slide female USNM 42810, 5 Mar. 1965 , J.F.G. & Thelma Clarke. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: San Cristobal, 8\u20139 June 1969 , genitalia slide USNM 135986, Flint & Gomez. HAITI: No specific locality, , genitalia slide male USNM 135928; no specific locality, , genitalia slide male MGP 1322 [BMNH]. JAMAICA: no specific locality, , genitalia slide male USNM 135930; no specific locality,  [BMNH]. ST. ANDREW: Newcastle, , genitalia slide MGP 1316 [BMNH]. ST. JAMES: Montego Bay, 24 Jan. 1924 , Gillett; Up Camp  [BMNH]; Kingston, July 17, at electric light, several were taken, Cockerell . TRELAWNY: Runaway Bay, 28 Mar. 1905  [BMNH]. PUERTO RICO: no specific locality, , genitalia slide MGP 1331 [BMNH]. U.S.A.: FLORIDA: Miami-Dade Co., Biscayne Bay, , Collection H.G. Dyar; Coconut Grove, Nov. 1897 , Roland Thaxter Coll. Florida City, 9 June 1937 ; Miami, , genitalia slide male USNM 136000, genitalia slide female USNM 136001. Monroe Co., Key Largo Key [sic], 13 Dec. 1968 , genitalia slide MGP 1285, Mrs. Spencer Kemp MGCL, 6 Jan. 1969 , genitalia slide USNM 136260, Mrs. Spencer Kemp USNM; Bahia Honda State Park, 6 Jan. 1989 , 17 Jan. 1990 , 21 Jan. 1996 , 12 Mar. 1989 , 23 Mar. 1990 , 29 Mar. 1990 , 28 Oct. 1988 , 8 Nov. 1988 , 29 Dec. 1989 , T.S. Dickel TDC; Long Key State Park, 5 Feb. 1986 , 16 Feb. 1985 , 4 Mar. 1994 , 26 Dec. 1994 , T.S. Dickel TDC; Key Largo Hammock Botanical State Park, 17 Jan. 1987 , PageBreak30 Jan. 1992 , 2 Feb. 1995 , 12 Feb. 1990 , 21 Feb. 1995 , T.S. Dickel TDC; No Name Key, 19 Oct. 1987 , T.S. Dickel TDC; Windley Key, 3 June 1983 , T.S. Dickel TDC. Palm Beach Co., Dec. 1897 , genitalia slide USNM 135932, Dec. 1898 , genitalia slide USNM 135999, R. Thaxter. Palm Beach Co., Palm Beach, Dec. 1897 , R. Thaxter. U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS: ST. CROIX: Blue Mtn., 6\u201316 July , E.L. Todd; Christiansted, 19 Nov. 1941 , H.A. Beatty; Gallows Point, 11 July 1956 , genitalia slide USNM 136044, J.G. Coutsis; Kingshill, 6\u201316 July 1967 , E.L. Todd; Mt. Eagle, 6\u201316 July 1967 , E.L. Todd; Orangegrove, W End, 6\u201316 July 1967 , Genitalia slide m USNM 42807, E.L. Todd. USNM, CNC, BMNHThe species name is the Latin term for rough, which refers to the roughened texture of the apex of the free saccular extension in the male genitalia.Paectes asper and mostly gray with some ferruginous in Paectes arcigera. The medial area of the forewing is mostly white with a white apical spot in Paectes asper; in Paectes arcigera these areas are cream-colored.The forewing costa is ferruginous with some gray in Paectes asper and Paectes arcigera. The valve in Paectes asper has thick, curved dorsal setae; in Paectes arcigera the setae are hairlike. The costa is truncate in Paectes asper but triangulate in Paectes arcigera. The free saccular extension is narrow in Paectes asper and wide with an expanded apex in Paectes arcigera.The male genitalia are easily differentiated between Paectes asper; these projections are absent in Paectes arcigera. The ostium bursae is crescent shaped bearing minute spicules in Paectes asper whereas in Paectes arcigera the ostium bursae is semicircular in shape and bears large conical spines.The female genitalia have small, curved lateral projections at the base of the eighth sternite in Male.Head \u2013 antenna broadly bipectinate to 3/5 length then filiform; eyes large, globular; vertex with broad scales, light-brown mixed with pale- and dark-ferruginous scales; frons with broad scales, projecting slightly beyond anterior eye margin, concolorous with vertex, two small black dots on eye margin; labial palp porrect, mixture of light-brown and ferruginous scales, internal surface white. Thorax \u2013 prothorax pale ferruginous, with a thin, black anterior margin, posterior margin pale gray, can be mixed with black or dark-ferruginous scales; patagium pale gray variably mixed with ferruginous and a few black scales, mixed with hairlike scales; pro and mid tibia gray and ferruginous mixed with white scales, apical band present, tarsi ferruginous with white apical bands; hind tibia ferruginous mixed with white scales, lighter than pro or mid tibia, tarsi white mixed with ferruginous scales, apical bands not distinct; underside with white hairlike scales; forewing length 9.4\u201312.9 mm; costal area dark gray and ferruginous; ovate basal spot distinct; antemedial line black, sharply angulate basally, continues around ventral margin of ovate spot, arrowhead shaped; reniform a pair of small ferruginous spots, vertically oriented; interior of wing a variable mix of white, pale- ferruginous, and ferruginous scales, always lighter than costa and subterminal area; postmedial line black, black and ferruginous, or ferruginous, a double line from posterior margin to below M vein, then a single line to M1 vein; black horizontal dash between R5 and M1 vein continuing to outer marPageBreakgin; apical spot white; subterminal area gray, distal border ferruginous and dentate; terminal area with irregularly shaped tan patch near tornus; terminal line a series of dark-ferruginous spots between wing veins; fringe pale gray becoming white at apex; hind wing white, marginal shading dark gray, veins highlighted dark gray, anal fold with a white and dark-gray striped pattern; fringe white. Abdomen \u2013 dorsum variable from pale gray to dark gray mixed with ferruginous scale patches, distal margin of segments usually with a darker line that can be ferruginous or black, obscure cream-colored dorsal band from middle to antemedial segment; venter variable from white to tan to ferruginous, medial line black to ferruginous flanked by paler, wider, lateral lines variable in color and intensity from black to gray, or can be represented by a thin medial line; male eighth segment membranous with a pair of short, sternal, sclerotized bars and a pair of longer, slightly wider, dorsal sclerotized bars; a pair of lateral coremata bearing numerous, fine, elongate setae. Genitalia , and the British Virgin Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands, and Dominica in the Lesser Antilles  and albus (white) to refer to the white medial area of the male forewing.The species name is derived from the combination of the Latin terms Paectes medialba has been confused with Paectes longiformis in the USNM collection. It differs from Paectes longiformis by the more pronounced white medial area of the male forewing and its distribution in northwestern Argentina versus the northeastern Brazil distribution of Paectes longiformis. There are many differences in the male genitalia of Paectes medialba and Paectes longiformis. The free extension of the sacculus in Paectes longiformis is much longer than in Paectes medialba and is spiculate in Paectes medialba and non-spiculate in Paectes longiformis. The setae on the dorsal surface of the valve are wide, elongate, curved apically, and numerous in Paectes medialba whereas in Paectes longiformis they are hairlike, shorter, straight, and more sparse. In the female genitalia the lateral projections of the eighth sternite are more produced and sharply pointed in Paectes medialba  ARGENTINA: COLON: Sierras de Cordoba, La Granja, , A. Garcia [BMNH]. LA RIOJA: La Rioja, , genitalia slide MGP 1353, Jan.\u2013Feb. , [no date]  F. Giacomelli [BMNH]. SALTA: Salta, Feb. 1905 , genitalia slide MGP 1312, J. Steinbach [BMNH]. SANTIAGO DEL ESTERO: Santiago del Estero, , J. Steinbach [BMNH]. TUCUMAN: Tucuman, , genitalia slides male, MGP 1311, MGP 1350, Schreiter, 450 m, Mar. 1902 , genitalia slide MGP 1353 [BMNH]. BOLIVIA: SANTA CRUZ: Ichilo, Buenavista, 750 m, Aug.-Apr. 1906-1907 , Steinbach [BMNH]; Sara, 450 m, Jan. , genitalia slide MGP 1349, Nov. , J. Steinbach [BMNH]. BRAZIL: AMAZONAS: Humait\u00e1, July-Sep. 1906 , W. Hoffmanns [BMNH]. BAHIA: S. Antonio de Barra, , [BMNH]. GOIAS: Chapada dos Veadeiros, 18\u201324 km N of Alto Paraiso, 1400\u20131500 m, 2\u20135 Oct. 1985 , S.E. Miller, genitalia slide USNM 135970, USNM. MINAS GERAIS: Tijuco, Dec.  [BMNH]. PARAN\u00c1: Curitiba, 23 Apr. 1988 , L. Crestana, Genitalia slide Vial #79, MGCL; Entre Rios,  [BMNH]. PERNAMBUCCO: Serra de Communaty, Dec. 1893 , E. Gounene [BMNH]. RIO DE JANIERO: Petropolis, 1888 , Germain [BMNH]. S\u00c3O PAULO: Alambari, 3 Sep. 1988 , 8 Dec. 1988 , 16 Dec. 1988 , L. Crestana, Genitalia slide f Vial #86, genitalia slides male MGP 1279, MGP 1288, MGCL; Porto Feliz, 1 June 1988 , L. Crestana, genitalia slide MGP 1289, MGCL. PARAGUAY: BOQUERON [NUEVA ASUNCION]: Nueva Asuncion, 313 m, 23\u201325 Mar. 1986 , M. Pogue and M. Solis, genitalia slide USNM 136014. GUAIRA: Villarrica, Dec. 1922 , J. Schade [BMNH]. PARAGUARI: Sapuca\u00ed, 24 June 1902 , genitalia slide male MGP 1310, W. Foster [BMNH]. PRESIDENTE HAYES: Primavera, 14 Apr. 1960 , E.J. Phillips [BMNH].sinuo (bend), referring to the sinuate free saccular extension of the male genitalia.The species name is derived from the Latin Paectes sinuosa than in Paectes medialba. The postmedial line is double in Paectes sinuosa . A specimen from Porto Feliz, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil, was reared from Lithraea molleoides (Vell.) Engl., Anacardiaceae.Specimens from the S\u00e3o Paulo, Alambari, Brazil, were reared from Brazilian Peppertree  COLOMBIA: META: Villavicencio, 400 m, , genitalia slides MGP 1299, MGP 1344, Fassl [BMNH]. FRENCH GUIANA: Nouveau Chantier, May , genitalia slide MGP 1308, Le Moult [BMNH]; St. Jean du Maroni, , genitalia MGP 1346, Le Moult [BMNH]. GUYANA: CUYUNI-MAZARUNI: Bartica, June 1901 , genitalia slide MGP 1307 [BMNH]; POTARO-SIPARUNI: Potaro River, 9-13 July 1912 , genitalia slide MGP 1306, P. Rendall [BMNH]; Tumatumari, Dec. 1907  [BMNH]. SURINAME: PARAMARIBO: Paramaribo, , Genitalia MGP 1347 [BMNH].tumeo (swell), referring to the swollen base of the free saccular extension in the male genitalia.The species name is derived from the Latin Paectes tumida; in Paectes similis it consists of white-tipped gray scales, so the area is less contrasting than in Paectes tumida; in Paectes obrotunda medial area is mixed with gray, ferruginous, and a few cream-colored scales and also is less contrasting than in Paectes tumida. The postmedial line is faint and black in Paectes tumida; in Paectes similis it is black and well developed with a faint double line at the posterior margin; in Paectes obrotunda the postmedial line is ferruginous and double at the posterior margin and black and ferruginous where it curves toward the subapical black dash.Forewing with a white medial area in Paectes tumida have elongate, curved setae on the dorsal surface of the valve, whereas in Paectes obrotunda and Paectes similis the valve has shorter, hairlike setae. The costal margin is convex in Paectes tumida, but straight in Paectes similis, and slightly concave in Paectes obrotunda. The free saccular extension is elongate and extends above the costa in Paectes obrotunda, but is shorter and does not extend above the costa in Paectes tumida and Paectes similis. In Paectes tumida, the base of free saccular extension is swollen and densely covered with spicules, but in Paectes obrotunda and Paectes similis the base is not swollen and without spicules.The male genitalia of Male.Head \u2013 antenna broadly bipectinate to 1/2 length then filiform; eyes large, globular; vertex with broad scales, mixture of white, brown, and black scales; frons with broad scales, projecting slightly beyond anterior eye margin, white and brown scales; labial palp porrect, mixture of brown, white, and pale ferruginous scales, internal surface white. Thorax \u2013 prothorax mixture of pale-gray, gray, and brown scales, medial band dark brown; patagium of brown, pale-ferruginous, and white broad scales, mixed with hairlike scales; protibia white mixed with black, apical band white, obscure, tarsi black with distinct white apical bands; middle and hind legs missing in holotype; forewing length 10.9 mm; costal area brown; basal area mixture of white, pale-ferruginous, and brown scales, not a well-defined ovate spot; antemedial line consists of a few black scales between posterior margin and anal vein then extending along PageBreakanal vein a short distance before slightly curving upward; central area of wing from basal area to postmedial line mostly white mixed with brown scales and contrasted with subterminal and terminal areas, thin curved brown line from posterior margin to anal vein and contiguous with thin line from anal vein to CuA2 vein; reniform spot obscure, a pair of small, round brown spots; postmedial line brown and pale ferruginous, PageBreakdouble line from posterior margin to vein CuA2, single curved line between M2 and M1; black dash between veins R5 and M1 that extends to outer margin; apical spot white; subterminal area brown mixed with pale ferruginous and white scales; terminal line a series of black, shallow scalloped lines between veins; fringe brown; hind wing marginal shading dark gray, veins heavily highlighted dark gray, areas between veins PageBreakwhite; anal fold white with dark-gray striped pattern; fringe white. Abdomen \u2013male eighth segment membranous with a pair of short, sternal, sclerotized bars and a pair of longer, wider, dorsal sclerotized bars; a pair of lateral, coremata bearing numerous, fine, elongate setae. Genitalia http://species-id.net/wiki/Paectes_obrotundaIngura obrotundain Guen\u00e9e Paectes obrotunda ; Type locality: \u201cBrazil\u201d Holotype female. BMNH; photographs of adult and genitalia examined .Paectes obrotunda is only known from the female holotype it can be compared to females of Paectes longiformis, Paectes sinuosa, and Paectes medialba, which are found in Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. Paectes obrotunda has a distinct antemedial line that extends from the posterior margin to the anal vein then curves around faint basal area toward Cu vein. In Paectes longiformis the antemedial vein is faint and not well developed. The forewing subapical, marginal dash is black and distinct in Paectes obrotunda, but ferruginous and faint in Paectes longiformis. There is a faint area of white scales proximal to the postmedial line in Paectes obrotunda, which is absent in Paectes longiformis. Paectes sinuosa is distinct from Paectes obrotunda in having the antemedial line heavily developed with black scales along the anal vein and suffused with black scales along the posterior margin. The forewing subapical, marginal dash is longer in Paectes sinuosa than in Paectes obrotunda. In Paectes medialba the postmedial line is double from posterior margin to approximately middle of forewing whereas in Paectes obrotunda it is single and faint. The forewing subapical, marginal dash is slightly longer and more robust in Paectes medialba than in Paectes obrotunda. In the female genitalia the eighth sternite is longer than wide with lateral margins produced in Paectes medialba but sternite in Paectes obrotunda is wider than long and the lateral margins are not produced.Since Adult.Female.Head \u2013 antenna filiform; eyes large, globular; labial palp porrect. Thorax \u2013 prothorax light brown, anterior margin thin black line; forewing length 9.2 mm; a few white scales forming short dashes along costa, especially from postmedial band to just below apex; thin black antemedial line from posterior margin forming ventral border to faint basal spot; medial area of wing with some scattered white scales forming an indistinct area proximal to postmedial line; postmedial line black, faint at posterior margin becoming more distinct prior to subapical, marginal dash; black dash between veins R5 and M1 that extends to outer margin; apical spot white; terminal line a series of black, recurved lines between veins; fringe with white patches giving a checked appearance; hind wing with dark gray marginal band that extends to middle of wing with veins highlighted dark gray. Genitalia (PageBreaklike with lateral apices narrowed; base of ductus bursae narrower than ostium bursae; remainder of genitalia unknown.enitalia  \u2013 PapillKnown only from Brazil, with no specific locality.Paectes obrotunda belongs in this species group because it shares with them the shape of the antemedial line, white medial area, white apical spot, and black marginal dash in the forewing. The female genitalia are different from those of the other species in this group and no other specimens from other groups examined during this study matched them, so Paectes obrotunda is only known from the holotype.PageBreakPaectes obrotunda has never been correctly identified in the literature. Paectes obrotunda extending from throughout the Caribbean to Paraguay. The Caribbean distribution could refer to either Paectes asper, Paectes nana or Paectes arcigera, and the Paraguay record is probably Paectes sinuosa. Paectes obrotunda from Florida and these specimens can be referred to either Paectes nana or Paectes asper. Paectes obrotunda from North America, undoubtedly following Paectes are currently being revised. A number of specimens from Costa Rica that have been analyzed using DNA barcoding of CO1 and their respective host plants will be included. A phylogenetic analysis using morphological characters of the Neotropical species included in this and the next study will be discussed.Due to the cryptic nature of this species complex, the remaining species of Neotropical"}
+{"text": "AbstractTermitidae. We describe Bulbitermes 4 spp. and Nasutitermes 4 spp. from new field collections. Where possible we examine original holotype specimens, and describe the essential morphological characters for soldier and worker castes. We devise two new bifurcating keys to guide the field identification of each species. In addition, we develop a nucleotide sequence profile for the COI gene. From this molecular character matrix, we use Neighbour-Joining analysis to test the monophyly of each morphospecies and genus. We find that the morphological and molecular characters are highly concordant, whereby all taxa appear to represent distinct molecular clades. For termites, there is therefore agreement between the morphological taxonomic characters used to sort species from a bifurcating key and the molecular taxonomic characters used to sort species on a bifurcating tree. This joint analysis suggests that DNA barcoding holds considerable promise for termite taxonomy, especially for diverse clades like Bulbitermes and Nasutitermes for which a global morphological key would be intractable.The Sunda region of Southeastern Asia is rich in termite fauna, but termites from this region have been poorly described. In this study, we described eight species from two diverse genera from this region, and from the family  Termitidae), the Nasutitermitinae include more than 650 species from over 80 genera  and Bulbitermes (4 spp.), as represented from newly collected material from the Sunda region of Southeast Asia.As the largest subfamily among the higher termites  within Southeast Asia. Specifically, we use morphological characters to describe eight species, and devise a key for their field identification. Further, we use molecular sequence information from the mitochondrial gene \u2018barcode\u2019 region to test the idea that Bulbitermes and Nasutitermes each form monophyletic and evolutionarily distinct genera.In this report we present the taxonomic notes for representative PageBreak by one person for one hour. For each section, 12 samples of surface soil with associated leaf litter and woody debris were scraped up and carefully examined for termites . Finally, tree trunks and buttress roots were also examined for the presence of termites. Particular attention was paid to the deep accumulations of litter and organic-rich soil between buttresses. Also, any carton sheeting or runways suggesting the presence of live termites were examined, up to a height of two meters. For random sampling, we simply used our best judgment to search for termites within the above types of habitat, but without the use of transects. Wherever possible, all castes and both sexes were sampled. In total, termites included in this study were sampled from multiple regions in Sunda region from 1999\u20132010.All specimens were collected from the field using a mix of random and systematic transect searches. For transect sampling we adopted a standardized protocol . We laidMorphological character terminology used for describing soldiers and workers follows the convention of To aid with taxonomic analysis, we developed a cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI) profile. The profile consists of nucleotide sequence from the \u2018barcode\u2019 region of the mitochondrial genome . First, we removed single legs from representative specimens and used in-house protocols at the Canadian Center for DNA Barcoding  to extract DNA  and PCR-Using the BOLD on-line workbench, we aligned nucleotide sequences and calculated a pairwise Kimura-2-parameter (K2P) distance matrix. For each species in the matrix, we calculated the minimum, mean and maximum genetic distance. We also calculated the mean nearest neighbour distance (average distance to the most closely related species). From these data, we tested for the presence of a \u2018barcode gap\u2019 - a disjunction between levels of intraspecific and interspecific variability\u2013by plotting maximum intraspecific distance against mean distance to nearest neighbour (NN). A gap is evident from this plot when the NN distance consistently exceeds the intraspecific distance. Finally, we used the K2P distance matrix to build a Neighbour-Joining (NJ) Taxon ID tree.Bulbitermes, soldiers are profiled in Nasutitermes, soldiers are profiled in For all species described below, we provide comparative images of key morphological traits. For (Holmgren)http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulbitermes_flavicansEuternes (Euternes) flavicansEuternes (Euternes) flavicans : Bulbitermes flavicans : Bulbitermes flavicans : Bulbitermes flavicans : Bulbitermes flavicans :  Syntype: soldier, West Sumatra, Harau, Pajacombo, 17.iii.1913, Oscar John Coll. B.M. 1926\u2013242 BMNH103898. Other material: SYK1999&2001-L-0146, 1453\u201356, 1463, 1465, 1467. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forests, 1,000\u20131,400 m altitude, Kemiri Mountain, Southeast Aceh; SYK1999&2001-L-1457\u201360, 1462. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forests, 150\u2013350 m altitude, Bukit Lawang, Langkat, North Sumatra; SYK2000-L-1466. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 500 m altitude, Ketambe, Southeast Aceh; SYK2006-AL-0001, 0777, 1613. Soldiers and workers from disturbed. SYK2010-KTB-011, 027, 051, 098. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe Research Station, Ecosystem Leuser, Sumatra.Imago: Unknown.PageBreakSoldiers.Head: in dorsal view the anterior part darker than posterior part in coloration; rostrum dark brown with the apex paler; antenna much paler than anterior part of head capsule, uniformly coloured. Head with five or six scattered bristles, tip of nasus with four bristles, pronotum and abdominal tergites with microscopic hairs.Head capsule somewhat round, weakly constricted behind antennal sockets; posterior margin roundly convex; dorsal outline (including rostrum) in profile nearly straight with two shallow indentations near base of rostrum, and up-curved apically. Mandible with weak apical processes. Antenna with 12 articles; second clearly shorter than third and fourth; third clearly longer than fourth; fourth and fifth almost equal in length. Thorax: pronotum seen from above paler than anterior part of head capsule; its periphery paler than central area. Coxae pale brown; femora yellowish; tibiae whitish yellow. Anterior margin of pronotum nearly straight; posterior margin roundly convex. Abdomen: tergites pale brown.Soldiers  in mm): head length including nasus (HLN) (1.22\u20131.40); head length measured to base of mandible (HL) (0.97\u20131.00); nasus length (NL) (0.30\u20130.42); nasus index = NL/HL (0.30\u20130.42); maximum head width at posterior part (HWP) (0.75\u20130.84); maximum height of head excluding postmentum (HH) (0.57\u20130.65); pronotum length (PL) (0.15\u20130.17); pronotum width (PW) (0.37\u20130.45).Workers. Antenna: whitish yellow to yellow; 13 articles; second shorter than third; third clearly longer than fourth; fourth wider than fifth. Left mandible: apical tooth and first marginal tooth almost equal in length; third marginal moderately protruding from cutting edge; fourth almost completely hidden behind molar prominence. Right mandible: posterior edge of second marginal tooth nearly straight; inner layer of molar plate undeveloped and notch at proximal end of molar plate obsolete. Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.Snyder & Emersonhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Bulbitermes_neopusillusBulbitermes neopusillus Snyder & Emerson, 1949, p. 309.Bulbitermes neopusillus : PageBreak1612. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 50 m altitude, Sekundur, Langkat, North Sumatra; SYK2000-L-1398, 1849. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 80 m altitude, Soraya, Singkil, Aceh; SYK2000&2001-L-1394, 1395, 1415. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe, Southeast Aceh; SYK2006-AL-0778, 0779, 0780. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 30 m altitude, Maestong, Sungai Batang Hari, Jambi; SYK2007-SPR-0038. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, <100 m altitude, Tua Pejat, Sipora Island, Mentawai, WestPageBreak Sumatra. SYK2010-KTB-003, 004, 005, 018, 035, 044, 045, 047, 048, 054, 055, 056, 057, 059, 060, 065, 066, 067, 068, 071, 075. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe Research Station, Ecosystem Leuser, Sumatra.Soldiers,Sumatra, Siak, 9.ii.1913, Oscar John Coll. B.M. 1926-242 BMNH103902. SYK2006-KSNP-0032, 0034, 0047. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 500 m altitude, Air Hangat, Kerinci, Jambi; SYK1999-L-1409. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 1,250 m altitude, Kemiri Mountain, Southeast Aceh; SYK1999-L-1418, 1632, 1646, 1651, 1682. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 200-400 m altitude, Bengkung, Southeast Aceh; SYK1999&2000-L-1412, 1420, 1426, 1434, 1437, 1441, 1444, 1604, 1608, 1636, 1639, 1645, 1654, 1657, 1659, 1668, 1669. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 150-350 m altitude, Bukit Lawang, Langkat, North Sumatra; SYK1999-L-1405, 1442, 1448,  Imago: Unknown.Soldiers. Head: in dorsal view anterior and posterior parts almost similar in coloration; rostrum paler than anterior part of head capsule. Antenna paler than anterior part of head capsule in coloration, with the first segment darkest.Head with two scattered bristles, tip of nasus with four bristles, pronotum and abdominal tergites with microscopic hairs. In dorsal view head capsule somewhat pear-shaped, strongly constricted behind antennal sockets; its posterior margin weakly indented in middle; dorsal outline (including rostrum) in profile nearly straight. Mandible with short apical processes. Antenna with 13 articles; second shorter than third; third twice as long as fourth; fourth shorter than fifth. Thorax: pronotum seen from above similar to the posterior part of head capsule in coloration; its periphery darker than central area. Coxae and femora pale brown; tibiae pale yellow. Anterior and posterior margins of pronotum nearly straight. Abdomen: tergites pale brown to brown.Soldiers  in mm): head length including nasus (HLN) (1.45\u20131.60); head length measured to base of mandible (HL) (0.90\u20130.93); nasus length (NL) (0.55\u20130.62); nasus index = NL/HL (0.62\u20130.67); maximum head width at posterior part (HWP) (0.85\u20130.87); maximum height of head excluding postmentum (HH) (0.60\u20130.63); pronotum length (PL) (0.15\u20130.18); pronotum width (PW) (0.50\u20130.55).Workers. Antenna: whitish yellow; 14 articles; second longer than third and fourth; third clearly longer than fourth; fourth the shortest; fifth shorter than sixth. Left mandible: apical tooth shorter than first marginal tooth; third marginal tooth moderately protruding from cutting edge; fourth marginal tooth hidden behind molar prominence. Right mandible: posterior edge of second marginal tooth nearly straight; inner layer of molar undeveloped and notch at proximal end of molar plate weakly developed. Sumatra, Mentawai Islands, Peninsular Malaysia, Java and Borneo.(Haviland)http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulbitermes_constrictusTermes constrictus Haviland, 1898, pp. 420\u2013421.Eutermes (Eutermes) constrictus : Bulbitermes constrictus : Bulbitermes constrictus : Bulbitermes constrictus : PageBreak0083. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300 m altitude, Sungai Manau, Merangin, Jambi; SYK2006-KSNP-0081, 0090. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 500 m altitude, Air Hangat, Kerinci, Jambi; SYK2000-L-1507, 1522. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 250\u2013350 m altitude, Bukit Lawang, Langkat, North Sumatra; SYK2000&2001-L-1496, 1497, 1498. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 50 m altitude, Sekundur, Langkat, North Sumatra. SYK2010-KTB-013,PageBreak 014, 015, 137, 038, 046, 049, 050, 100. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe Research Station, Ecosystem Leuser, Sumatra. Syntype:Soldiers, Sarawak, Coll.& Det. G.D. Haviland, No. 292, (Ex. Dundee) (Bulbitermes) MNH103897. Other material: SYK2006-KSNP-0006,  Imago: Unknown.Soldiers. Head: in dorsal view anterior and posterior parts almost similar in coloration; except around posterior margin, much paler in coloration; rostrum darker than anterior part of head capsule; antenna paler than anterior part of head capsule in coloration. Head with two bristles, tip of nasus with four bristles, pronotum with brittles, abdominal tergites with hairs and bristles.In dorsal view head capsule somewhat pear-shaped, strongly constricted behind antennal sockets; its posterior margin weakly indented; dorsal outline (including rostrum) in profile nearly straight. Mandible with moderately developed apical processes. Antenna with 14 articles; second longer than third; third the shortest; fourth and fifth almost equal in length. Thorax: pronotum seen from above paler than anterior part of head capsule; its periphery darker than central area. Coxae and femora yellow; tibiae pale yellow. Anterior margin of pronotum weakly indented in the middle, while posterior margin roundly convex. Abdomen: tergites yellowish to pale brown.Soldiers  in mm): head length including nasus (HLN) (1.55\u20131.65); head length measured to base of mandible (HL) (1.05\u20131.13); nasus length (NL) (0.50\u20130.60); nasus index = NL/HL (0.47\u20130.53); maximum head width at posterior part (HWP) (0.95\u20130.10); maximum height of head excluding postmentum (HH) (0.60\u20130.65); pronotum length (PL) (0.22-0.25); pronotum width (PW) (0.52\u20130.55).Workers. Antenna: whitish yellow to yellow; 15 articles; second clearly longer than third; third the shortest; fourth and fifth almost equal in length. Left mandible: apical and first marginal teeth almost equal in length; third marginal moderately protruding from cutting edge; fourth almost completely hidden behind molar prominence. Right mandible: posterior edge of second marginal tooth nearly straight; inner layer of molar not developed; notch at proximal end of molar plate weakly developed. Sumatra and Borneo.(Haviland)http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulbitermes_singaporiensisTermes singaporiensis Haviland, 1898, pp. 429.Eutermes (Eutermes) singaporiensis : Bulbitermes singaporiensis : Bulbitermes singaporiensis : Termes singaporiensis, Singapore, 1893, Coll. & Det. G. D. Haviland, No. 16 (Ex. Dundee) (Bulbitermes) BMNH103923. Other material: SYK(1998\u20132001)-L-0205, 0212, 0219, 1802, 1812, 1817, 1821\u201323, 1825\u201329, 1831, 1832, 1834, 1835, 1839, 1840, 1843, 1846\u201348, 1851, 1853\u201355, PageBreakPageBreak1859, 1860, 1865, 1867, 1868, 1870, 1877, 1883, 1884, 1850, 1877, 1879, 1880, 1975, 1978. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 150\u2013350 m altitude, Bukit Lawang, Langkat, North Sumatra.; SYK2006-AL-0004, 0801, 0802, 1886. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 30 m altitude, Maestong, Sungai Batang Hari, Jambi; SYK2006-L1852. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 50 m altitude, Sekundur, Langkat, North Sumatra; SYK1999-L-1882. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 400 m altitude, Bengkung, Southeast Aceh. SYK&FAZLY2009-ER-020, 022, 024, 039, 043, 044, 047, 051, 057, 058, 062, 063, 087. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, >100 m altitude, Endau Rompin National Park, Johor, Peninsular Malaysia. Syntype: soldiers,Imago: Unknown.Soldiers. Head: in dorsal view anterior part of head capsule darker than the posterior part in coloration; rostrum slightly darker than anterior part of head capsule; antenna paler than anterior part of head capsule. Head with two bristles, tip of nasus with four bristles, pronotum with microscopic hairs, abdominal tergites with hairs and bristles.In dorsal view head capsule somewhat pear-shaped and weakly constricted behind antennal sockets; its posterior margin nearly straight in the middle; dorsal outline (including rostrum) in profile nearly straight; mandible with moderately developed apical processes. Antenna with 12 articles; second and third almost equal in length, the former wider than the latter in width; third the shortest; fourth and fifth almost equal in length. Thorax: pronotum seen from above paler than anterior part of head capsule; its anterior part slightly darker than posterior part. Coxae pale brown; femora yellowish; tibiae pale yellow. Anterior margin of pronotum moderately indented in the middle, while posterior margin nearly straight in the middle. Abdomen: tergites dark brown to very dark sepia brown.Soldiers  in mm): head length including nasus (HLN) (1.24\u20131.35); head length measured to base of mandible (HL) (0.98\u20131.12); nasus length (NL) (0.32\u20130.37); nasus index = NL/HL (0.31\u20130.35); maximum head width at posterior part (HWP) (0.80\u20130.84); maximum height of head excluding postmentum (HH) (0.57\u20130.61); pronotum length (PL) (0.16\u20130.18); pronotum width (PW) (0.37\u20130.44).Workers. Antenna: whitish yellow to yellow with first article darker than the subsequent; 14 articles; second much longer than third and fourth; third longer than fourth; fourth the shortest. Left mandible: apical tooth shorter than first marginal tooth; third marginal moderately protruding from cutting edge; fourth almost completely hidden behind molar prominence. Right mandible: posterior edge of second marginal tooth weakly concave; inner layer of molar plate and notch at proximal end of molar plate obtuse. Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java and Borneo.(Haviland)http://species-id.net/wiki/Nasutitermes_matangensisTermes matangensis Haviland, 1898, pp. 427\u2013428.Eutermes (Eutermes) matangensiformis : PageBreakPageBreakEutermes (Eutermes) matangensis : Eutermes (Eutermes) matangensis : Nasutitermes matangensis : Nasutitermes matangensis : Nasutitermes matangensis : Nasutitermes matangensis : Termes matangensis, Sarawak, Coll. G. D. Haviland. BMNM No. 358. (Ex. Dundee) (Nasutitermes). Other material: SYK2006-KSNP-0017, 0023, 0025, 0041. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300 m altitude, Sungai Manau, Merangin, Jambi; SYK1999&2001-L-1039, 1040, 1042, 1043, 1045, 3080. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 1,000\u20131,400 m altitude, Kemiri Mountain, Southeast Aceh; SYK2007-UGDT-0010, 0063\u201370. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 900 m altitude, Ulu Gadut, Padang, West Sumatra; SYK2007-SRSR-0005, 0040, 0063, 0066, 0632. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, <100 m altitude, Siberut Tengah, Mentawai, West Sumatra; SYK2007-SBRT-0016, 0034, 0039, 0046, 0047, 0060, 0070, 0080. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, <100 m altitude, Simabuggei, Siberut Island, Mentawai, West Sumatra; SYK2001-S-0128, 0030. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 200 m altitude, Aceh Besar; SYK2006-SB-0001\u201304, 0044, 0045, 0050, 0051. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, <100 m altitude, Sabang, Weh Island, Aceh; SYK1999-L-1062. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300 m altitude, Ketambe, Southeast Aceh; SYK2006-AL-0901. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 30 m altitude, Maestong, Sungai Batang Hari, Jambi; SYK2002-NIAS-0111. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, <100 m altitude, Gunung Sitoli, Nias Island, North Sumatra; SYK2002-PRP-0100. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 900 m altitude, Toba Lake, Parapat, North Sumatra; SYK2007-LP-0093. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 1100 m altitude, Sumber Jaya, Kota Bumi, Lampung; SYK2007-LBAN-0004, 0012. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 600 m altitude, Lembah Anai, Tanah Datar, West Sumatra; SYK2005&2006-RKT-0002, 0004, 0006, 0007, 0009\u20130021, 0033\u201340, 0042\u201348, 0050, 0055, 0056, 0058, 0059, 0061\u20130063, 0065, 0066, 0072. Soldiers and workers, <10\u2013300 m altitude, Rakata island, the Krakataus, Lampung; SYK2005&2006-ANK-0040, 0041, 0043, 0139, 0144\u201346, 0148, 0149, 0151, 0154, 0155, 0277\u201379, 0301, 0302. Soldiers and workers, <100 m altitude, Anak Krakatau, the Krakataus, Lampung; SYK2005&2006-PJG-0073\u20130083, 0092\u20130095, 0137, 0138, 0141, 0142, 0147, 0150\u20130153, 0156, 0157. Soldiers and workers, <100 m altitude, Panjang island, the Krakataus, Lampung; SYK2005&2006-SRTG-0006, 0120, 0126\u201330, 0041\u201344, 0173\u201390, 0192\u201395, 0197\u2013200, 0216, 0227\u201330, 0238. Soldiers and workers, <100 m altitude, Sertung island, the Krakataus, Lampung; SYK2005-SBK-0235, 0237\u201342, 0246, 0263. Soldiers and workers, <100 m altitude, Sebuku island, the Krakataus, Lampung; SYK2005-SBS- 0064, 0067, 0069\u201371, 0073\u201375, 0077\u201388, 0090. Soldiers and workers, <100 m altitude, Sebesi island, the Krakataus, Lampung; SYK2007-LGD-0031, 0050\u201352, PageBreak0058, 0059. Soldiers and workers, <100 m altitude, Legundi island, the Krakataus, Lampung; SYK2007-LP-0002, 0006. Soldiers and workers, from disturbed forest, <100 m altitude, Pantai Mutun, Lampung. SYK2010-KTB-002, 006, 019, 041, 095. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe Research Station, Ecosystem Leuser, Sumatra; SYK2010-PK-005, 006. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 150 m altitude, Peukan Biluy, Darul Kamal, Aceh Besar, Sumatra; SYK&FAZLY2009-ER-038, 050, 073. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, >100 m altitude, Endau Rompin National Park, Johor, Peninsular Malaysia.Syntype:Soldiers, Imago: Unknown.Soldiers. Head: in dorsal view head capsule excluding rostrum brown to dark sepia brown; rostrum darker than head capsule; entire rostrum almost uniformly coloured; antenna paler than head capsule in coloration. Head with a few number of scattered bristles, tip of nasus with four bristles, pronotum hairs, abdominal tergites with hairs and brittles. In dorsal view head capsule round; its posterior margin nearly straight in the middle; dorsal outline (including rostrum) in profile nearly straight, down-curved apically. Antenna with 13 articles; second slightly longer than fourth; third the longest; fourth shorter than fifth. Thorax: pronotum seen from above paler than head capsule in coloration; its anterior part darker than posterior part. Coxae and femora sepia brown; tibiae yellowish. Anterior margin of pronotum moderately indented in the middle; posterior margin nearly straight in the middle. Abdomen: tergites yellowish to pale brown.Soldiers  in mm): head length including nasus (HLN) (2.05\u20132.18); head length measured to base of mandible (HL) (1.20\u20131.25); nasus length (NL) (0.82\u20130.95); nasus index = NL/HL (0.68\u20130.76); maximum head width (HW) (1.37\u20131.50); maximum height of head excluding postmentum (HH) (0.90\u20130.95); pronotum length (PL) (0.25\u20130.30); pronotum width (PW) (0.60\u20130.70).Workers. Antenna: pale yellow to yellow; 14 articles; second clearly longer than third and fourth; third longer than fourth. Left mandible: apical tooth longer than first marginal tooth; third marginal moderately protruding from cutting edge; fourth almost completely hidden behind molar prominence. Right mandible: posterior edge of second marginal tooth nearly straight; inner layer of molar plate undeveloped; notch at proximal end of molar plate absent. Sumatra, Mentawai islands, Malay Peninsula, Java and Borneo.Thapahttp://species-id.net/wiki/Nasutitermes_neoparvusNasutitermes neoparvusPageBreak-KSNP-0054, 0076, 0085. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 500m altitude, Air Hangat, Kerinci, Jambi; SYK2007-SRSR-0006, 0011. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, <100 m altitude, Surisura, Siberut Tengah, Mentawai, West Sumatra; SYK2006-SBRT-0006, 0028, 0077, 0084, 0103. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, <100 m altitude, Simabuggei, Siberut island, Mentawai, West Sumatra; SYK1999&2000-L-0916, 0923, 0931, 0932, 0935, 0937, 0940, 0943. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 150\u2013350 m altitude, Bukit Lawang, Langkat, North Sumatra; SYK2000&2001-L- 0214, 0913, 0918, 0922, 0926, 0928, 0933, 0934, 0941, 0942. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 50 m altitude, Sekundur, Langkat, North Sumatra; SYK1999-L-0208, 0235, 0241, 0930, 0917, 0921, 0924, 0936, 0939. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 200\u2013400 m altitude, Bengkung, Southeast Aceh; SYK1999-L-0211, 0225, 0911, 0914, 0915, 0919, 0920, 0925, 0927, 0929, 0938, 1171. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 80 m altitude, Soraya, Singkil, Aceh; SYK1999-L- 0912, 0215, 0237, 0244, 0245. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe, Southeast Aceh; SYK2007-LP-0081. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, <100 m altitude, Pantai Mutun, Lampung. SYK2010-KTB-029, 053, 058, 061. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe Research Station, Ecosystem Leuser, Sumatra; SYK&FAZLY2009-ER-034. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, >100 m altitude, Endau Rompin National Park, Johor, Peninsular Malaysia. SYK2006-KSNP-0007, 0053. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300 m altitude, Sungai Manau, Merangin, Jambi; SYK2006Imago: Unknown.Soldiers. Head: in dorsal view head capsule excluding rostrum dark brown to sepia brown; rostrum darker than head capsule; antenna much paler than head capsule. Head with combination long and short bristles, tip of nasus with short hairs and four long bristles, pronotum with short and long bristles, abdominal tergites densely with short hairs and long bristles.In dorsal view head capsule somewhat round; its posterior margin roundly convex in the middle; dorsal outline of head capsule (excluding rostrum) in profile nearly straight. Antenna with 11 articles; second shorter than fourth; third longer than fourth; fourth and fifth almost equal in length. Thorax: pronotum seen from above paler than head capsule in coloration; its periphery darker than central area. Coxae and femora yellow; tibiae whitish yellow. Anterior margin of pronotum nearly straight in the middle; posterior margin strongly indented in the middle. Abdomen: tergites dark yellow to brown.Soldiers  in mm): head length including nasus (HLN) (1.25\u20131.37); head length measured to base of mandible (HL) (0.62\u20130.77); nasus length (NL) (0.57\u20130.62); nasus index = NL/HL (0.79\u20130.80); maximum head width (HW) (0.77\u20130.80); maximum height of head excluding postmentum (HH) (0.50\u20130.60); pronotum length (PL) (0.12\u20130.15); pronotum width (PW) (0.37\u20130.42).PageBreak prominence. Right mandible: posterior edge of second marginal tooth nearly straight; inner layer of molar plate undeveloped, and notch at proximal end of molar plate obtuse.Workers. Antenna: pale yellow to yellow; 12 articles; second clearly longer than fourth; third longer than fourth; fourth shorter than fifth. Left mandible: apical tooth clearly shorter than first marginal tooth; third marginal moderately protruding from cutting edge; fourth visible in the gap between third marginal and molar Sumatra and Borneo.(Holmgren)http://species-id.net/wiki/Nasutitermes_longinasusEutermes (Eutermes) longinasusEutermes longinasus : Nasutitermes longinasus : Nasutitermes longinasus : Nasutitermes longinasus : Nasutitermes longinasus :  SYK2006-KSNP-0040, 0049, 0052. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300 m altitude, Sungai Manau, Merangin, Jambi; SYK(1998\u20132001)-L-0012, 0025, 0027, 0234, 0036, 0167, 0218, 0231, 0851, 0856, 1034, 1070, 1071, 1080, 1085, 1095. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 80 m altitude, Soraya, Singkil, Aceh; SYK1999-L-0010, 0020, 0029, 0030, 0035, 0039, 0044, 0047\u201349, 0055, 0056, 0061, 0065, 0066, 0071, 0110, 0222, 0226, 0235, 0240, 0246, 0249, 0277, 0825, 0826, 0848\u201350, 0853\u201355, 0857, 0859\u201361, 1044, 1048, 1068, 1069, 1073, 1074, 1076, 1078, 1079, 1081\u201383, 1086, 1089\u201392, 1096, 1097. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 200\u2013400 m altitude, Bengkung, Southeast Aceh; SYK1999&2000-L-0069, 0210, 0233, 0858, 1072, 1075, 1077, 1087. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe, Southeast Aceh; SYK(1999\u20132001)-L-0018, 0406, 1087, 1088, 1093. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 150\u2013350 m altitude, Bukit Lawang, Langkat, North Sumatra. SYK2010-KTB-026, 028, 031, 032, 033, 034, 076, 077, 079, 082, 083, 084, 085, 086, 088, 091, 092, 093, 094, 096, 097. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe Research Station, Ecosystem Leuser, Sumatra.Imago: Unknown.PageBreak and femora yellow; tibiae whitish yellow. Anterior margin of pronotum moderately indented in the middle, while posterior margin roundly convex in the middle. Abdomen: tergites yellow to brown.Major soldiers. Head: in dorsal view head capsule excluding rostrum pale brown to brown; rostrum darker than head capsule; antenna much paler than head capsule in coloration. Head with hairs and two long bristles, tip of nasus with hairs and four brittles, pronotum with short and long bristles, pronotum and abdominal tergites with hairs and brittles. In dorsal view head capsule round; its posterior margin nearly straight in the middle; dorsal outline of head capsule (including rostrum) in profile nearly straight. Antenna with 13 articles; second longer than fourth; third clearly longer than fourth; fourth the shortest. Thorax: pronotum seen from above paler than head capsule in coloration; its periphery darker than central area. CoxaeMajor soldiers  in mm): head length including nasus (HLN) (2.00\u20132.20); head length measured to base of mandible (HL) (1.07\u20131.15); nasus length (NL) (0.95\u20131.12); nasus index = NL/HL (0.88\u20130.97); maximum head width (HW) (1.15\u20131.30); maximum height of head excluding postmentum (HH) (0.80\u20130.85); pronotum length (PL) (0.25\u20130.30); pronotum width (PW) (0.52\u20130.58).Minor soldiers: in dorsal view head capsule excluding rostrum deep reddish brown; rostrum same color as head capsule; antenna paler than head capsule in coloration. Head with hairs and two long bristles, tip of nasus with hairs and four bristles, pronotum with short and long bristles, pronotum and abdominal tergites with hairs and bristles. In dorsal view head capsule round; its posterior margin weakly constricted in the middle; dorsal outline of head capsule (including rostrum) in profile nearly straight. Antenna with 13 articles; second longer than fourth; third clearly longer than fourth; fourth the shortest. Thorax: pronotum seen from above slightly paler than head capsule in coloration; its periphery darker than central area. Coxae and femora brownish yellow; tibiae yellow. Anterior margin of pronotum weakly to moderately indented in the middle, while posterior margin roundly convex in the middle. Abdomen: tergites brown.Minor soldiers  in mm): head length including nasus (HLN) (172\u20131.82); head length measured to base of mandible (HL) (0.82\u20130.86); nasus length (NL) (0.71\u20130.77); nasus index = NL/HL (0.86\u20130.89); maximum head width (HW) (0.86\u20130.94); maximum height of head excluding postmentum (HH) (0.59\u20130.67); pronotum length (PL) (0.20- 0.23); pronotum width (PW) (0.49\u20130.51).Workers. Antenna: pale yellow to yellow, with the first article darker than the subsequent; 14 articles; second and third clearly longer than fourth; fourth the shortest. Left mandible: apical tooth longer than first marginal tooth; third marginal weakly protruding from cutting edge; fourth hidden behind molar prominence. Right mandible: posterior edge of second marginal tooth nearly straight; inner layer of molar plate weakly developed; notch at proximal end of molar plate obtuse. Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.Thapahttp://species-id.net/wiki/Nasutitermes_longinasoidesNasutitermes longinasoidesPageBreak. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe, Southeast Aceh; SYK2002-PRP-0101, 0102. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 900 m altitude, Parapat, North Sumatra. SYK2010-KTB-012, 022, 030, 042, 043, 063, 069, 090. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300\u2013500 m altitude, Ketambe Research Station, Ecosystem Leuser, Sumatra. SYK2006-KSNP-0028, 0031, 0037, 0039, 0050, 0058. Soldiers and workers from undisturbed forest, 300 m altitude, Sungai Manau, Merangin, Jambi; SYK2006-AL-0016, 0021, 0106, 0950-0952. Soldiers and workers from disturbed forest, 30 m altitude, Maestong, Sungai batang hari, Jambi; SYK1999&2000-L-1063\u20131066Imago: Unknown.Soldiers. Head: in dorsal view head capsule excluding rostrum pale yellow to yellow; rostrum darker than head capsule; antenna slightly paler than head capsule in coloration. Head with three or four scattered bristles, tip of nasus a hairs and four bristles, pronotum and abdominal tergites with hairs and brittles. In dorsal view head capsule round; its posterior margin roundly convex in the middle; dorsal outline of head capsule (including rostrum) in profile nearly straight. Antenna with 13 articles; second and fourth almost equal in length; third clearly longer than fourth; fourth shorter than fifth. Thorax: pronotum seen from above paler than head capsule in coloration; its periphery darker than central area. Coxae and femora pale yellow; tibiae whitish. Anterior and posterior margins of pronotum nearly straight in the middle. Abdomen: tergites yellow to pale brown.Soldiers  in mm): head length including nasus (HLN) (2.10\u20132.20); head length measured to base of mandible (HL) (1.07\u20131.25); nasus length (NL) (0.92\u20131.07); nasus index = NL/HL (0.85\u20130.86); maximum head width (HW) (1.23\u20131.32); maximum height of head excluding postmentum (HH) (0.80\u20130.83); pronotum length (PL) (0.20\u20130.23); pronotum width (PW) (0.56\u20130.60).Workers. Antenna: pale yellow to yellow; 14 articles; second much longer than fourth; third longer than fourth; fourth the shortest. Left mandible: apical tooth shorter than first marginal tooth; third marginal moderately protruding from cutting edge; fourth completely hidden behind molar prominence. Right mandible: posterior edge of second marginal tooth nearly straight; inner layer of molar plate undeveloped, and notch at proximal end of molar plate obtuse. Sumatra and Borneo.Nasutitermes and an additional four assigned to Bulbitermes. The number of specimens sequenced from each morphospecies ranged from 1  to 21, depending on specimen availability and sequencing success.The study profile includes 48 COI sequences, representing eight putative species, as identified from the field using morphological characters. Of these taxa, there are four morphologically assigned to Nasutitermes and Bulbitermes form monophyletic groups within the NJ analysis. Moreover, each morphospecies within each of these genera form monophyletic groups. No genera or morphospecies were paraphyletic with respect to each other. There is therefore a high degree of concordance between the morphological taxonomic characters used to sort species from a bifurcating key  and the molecular taxonomic characters used to sort species on a bifurcating tree  revealed several other criteria for distinguishing species pairs. Eleven antennal articles distinguish PageBreakNasutitermes matangensis from other congeners from the region. Nasutitermes matangensis from its congeners. Other observations from our morphological analysis include: Nasutitermes neoparvus separates from the other three species by having exactly eleven antennal articles. In addition, the somewhat rounded head capsule in dorsal view and scattered setae are important characters in recognizing the species. Dimorphic soldiers  can be used to differentiate Nasutitermes longinasus and Nasutitermes longinasoides. Finally, Nasutitermes longinasus.We find that the width of the head capsule is an easy character that can be used to separate Nasutitermes is monomorphic; it is rarely dimorphic. The soldier head capsule is, however, highly variable in size and shape, and without constriction behind antennal sockets. The rostrum of the Nasutitermes soldier caste is conical to cylindrical, and the antenna is with 11-14 articles. The pronotum is saddle-shaped, and legs relatively short with abdomen elongate. Bulbitermes was separated from Nasutitermes as a distinct new genus based on constrictions behind antennal sockets by Emerson . This finding is significant given the rapidly changing higher taxonomy that is currently affecting termite systematic classifications and phylogeny (Nasutitermes with more than 250) for which global morphology-based taxonomic keys would be intractable.Our study shows that DNA barcoding holds promise for helping to solve termite taxonomic problems, with nearest neighbout distances far exceeding maximum intraspecific divergence , at leashylogeny . Barcode"}
+{"text": "Vadsala Baskaran, Amanda Goodwin, Lavanya Athithan, Ciro Roberto Rinaldi, and Alfredo Addeo.Author names are incorrectly listed as follows:\u2009Vadsala Baskaran, Amanda Goodwin, Lavanya Athithan, Alfredo Addeo, and Ciro Rinaldi.They are now listed as follows:"}
+{"text": "The second and third authors are listed out of order. The correct author order is: Songtao Li, Xilu Liao, Fanyu Meng, Yemei Wang, Zonxiang Sun, Fuchuan Guo, Xiaoxia Li, Man Meng, Ying Li, Changhao Sun."}
+{"text": "AbstractSeasogonia Young, 1986 is a sharpshooter genus with 13 species, four of them recorded from China. In this paper, Seasogonia sandaracata  is recorded as new for China and Seasogonia rufipenna Li & Wang, 1992 is regarded as a junior synonym of Seasogonia nigromaculata Kuoh, 1991. The morphological diversity of the female genitalia of Seasogonia is still poorly known. We provide herein detailed descriptions and illustrations of three Chinese Seasogonia species. Notes on the female genitalia of Seasogonia, including intraspecific and interspecific variation, and comparisons between the female genitalia of Seasogonia and of other related genera from China are provided. The preliminary results indicate that the female genitalia may provide useful features for the taxonomy of Seasogonia and other members of the Old World Cicadellini. Seasogonia was established by Tettigoniella dunsiriensis Distant, 1908 as the type species. There was no species recorded from China at that time. Seasogonia from China, and later Seasogonia sanguinea, which was treated as a junior synonym of Seasogonia indosinica (Jacobi) (Seasogonia sikhimensis (Distant), which was treated as speciesPageBreak of uncertain position by Seasogonia sandaracata (Distant) is recorded as new for China and Seasogonia rufipenna Li & Wang is proposed as a junior synonym of Seasogonia nigromaculata Kuoh.The sharpshooter genus (Jacobi) . Wilson Seasogonia species were only briefly described. The present study provides a detailed description of the previously unknown female genitalia of three Chinese Seasogonia species. Notes on the female genitalia of Seasogonia, including intraspecific and interspecific variation, and comparisons between the female genitalia of Seasogonia and of other related genera from China are provided. We hope that this description will point out useful characters for the taxonomic studies on the Old World Cicadellini.The female genitalia have yielded useful characters for the taxonomy of sharpshooters , but theThe male and female genital structures were prepared according to the techniques described by (Jacobi)http://species-id.net/wiki/Seasogonia_indosinicaTettigoniella indosinica Jacobi, 1905: 445Seasogonia sanguinea Kuoh & Zhuo, 1996: 1PageBreak1 male, China, Guangxi Province, Huaping, 5 June 1997, coll. Yang Mao-fa; 3 males, 2 females, China, Guangxi Province, Jinxiu County, Dayaoshan, Alt. 500m, 28 April 2008, coll. Meng Ze-hong; 2 males, China, Hainan Province, Jianfengling, 14\u201315 May 1997, coll. Yang Mao-fa; 1 male, China, Hainan Province, Jianfengling, 17 April 2009, coll. Yang Zai-hua; 14 males, China, Hainan Province, Diaoluoshan, 10\u201312 April 2009, coll. Yang Zai-hua; 1 male, China, Hainan Province, Bawangling, 24 April 2009, coll. Yang Zai-hua; 1 male, China, Sichuan Province, Emeishan, 14 July 1995, coll. Yang Mao-fa; 3 males, China, Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, 5 June 1981, coll. Li Zi-zhong and Ma Gui-yan; 1 male, China, Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, 2 July 1986, coll. Li Zi-zhong; 4 males, 1 female, China, Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, 15 June 1992, coll. Zhang Yu-qiong; 10 males, China, Guizhou Province, Taijiang County, 9\u201317 May 1985, coll. Li Zi-zhong; 17 males, China, Guizhou Province, Libo County, 19\u201324 May 1995, coll. Chen Xiang-sheng; 8 males, China, Guizhou Province, Libo County, 24\u201330 May 1998, coll. Li Zi-zhong and Song Qiong-zhang; 2 males, China, Guizhou Province, Libo County, 14\u201317 June 2006, coll. Zhou Zhong-hui and Zhang Bin; 5 males, 3 females, China, Guizhou Province, Chishui County, 28 May 2000, Li Zi-zhong and Chen Xiang-sheng; 2 males, 3 females, China, Guizhou Province, Xishui City, 3 June, coll. Li Zi-zhong and Chen Xiang-sheng; 2 males, China, Guizhou Province, Chishui City, 28\u201330 May 2006, coll. Tang Yi and Yang Zai-hua; 1 male, China, Guizhou Province, Fanjingshan, 27 July 2001, coll. Li Zi-zhong; 2 males, 2 females, China, Guizhou Province, Fanjingshan, 2\u20133 June 2002, coll. Li Zi-zhong and Yang Mao-fa; 12 males, 7 females, China, Guizhou Province, Daozhen County, Dashahe, 22\u201327 May 2004, coll. Zhang Bin, Song Qiong-zhang, Xu Fang-ling and Chen Xiang-sheng; 39 males, 4 females, China, Guizhou Province, Leigongshan, 31 May to 5 June 2005, coll. Tang Yi, Li Zi-zhong, Zhang Bin, Song Qiong-zhang, Zhang Zheng-guang, Ge De-yan, Yang Zai-hua and Xu Fang-ling; 1 male, China, Guizhou Province, Anshun City, 20 July 2005, coll. Zhou Zhong-hui; 3 males, China, Guizhou Province, Duyun City, 5 May 2006, coll. Yang Zai-hua and Zhou Zhong-hui; 4 males, China, Guizhou Province, ShiBing County, Yuntaishan, 20\u201321 May 2009, coll. Yang Zai-hua; 43 males, 10 females, China, Guizhou Province, Suiyang County, Kuankuoshui, 2\u20139 June 2010, coll. Dai Ren-huai, Song Qiong-zhang, Li Hu, Li Yu-jian, Zhang Bin, Zheng Yan-li and Xing Ji-chun.Myanmar, Vietnam, India, China .PageBreakPageBreakrectangular, slightly expanded posteriorly, posteroventral margin angulate; in ventral view .PageBreakPageBreak macrosetae and some short microsetae on narrowed apical one-third portion. Aedeagus .Pygofer  in laterSeasogonia indosinica. Other characteristics as in Seasogonia indosinica.Abdominal sternite VII , in vent(Distant)http://species-id.net/wiki/Seasogonia_sandaracataTettigoniella sandaracata Distant, 1908: 2175 males, 1 female, China, Yunnan Province, Yingjiang County, Tongbiguan, Alt. 1200m, 15 June 2001, coll. Tian Ming-yi; 10 females, China, Yunnan Province, Yingjiang County, Tongbiguan, Alt. 1400\u20131500m, 20 July 2002, coll. Yang Mao-fa, Li Zi-zhong, Song Hong-yan and Dai Ren-huai; 32males, 7 females, China, Yunnan Province, Yingjiang County, 29 May to 3 June 2011, coll. Yang Zai-hua and Li Yu-jian; 13 males, 2 females, China, Yunnan Province, Yingjiang County, Xima Town, Alt. 1700m, 8\u201310 June 2009, coll. Yang Zai-hua and Li Bin; 2 males, 1 female, China, Yunnan Province, Yingjiang County, Tongbiguan, Alt. 270m, 13 June 2009, coll. Yang Zai-hua and Li Bin; 1 male, 11 females, China, Yunnan Province, Tengchong County, Shangyun Village, Alt. 1400m, 14 July 2002, coll. Li Zi-zhong and Yang Mao-fa; 1 male, 3 females, China, Yunnan Province, Tengchong County, Gaoligongshan, Alt. 1900\u20132000m, 17 July 2002, coll. Yang Mao-fa, Li Zi-zhong, and Song Hong-yan; 5 females, China, Yunnan Province, Longling County, Longxin, Alt. 1800m, 24 July 2002, coll. Yang Mao-fa, Li Zi-zhong, and Song Hong-yan; 1 male, 1 female, China, Yunnan Province, Tengchong County, Gaoligongshan, Alt. 1800\u20132400m, 28 May to 5 June 2009, coll. Yang Zai-hua and Li Bin; 3 males, China, Yunnan Province, Ruili County, Moli, Alt. 770m, 15 June 2009, coll. Yang Zai-hua and Li Bin; 7 males, 5 females, China, Yunnan Province, Ruili County, 5\u20137 June 2011, coll. Li Yu-jian and Yang Zai-hua; 1 male, China, Yunnan Province, Pianma, 10 May 2010, coll. Zhang Bin; 18 males, 4 females, China, Yunnan Province, Pianma, 17\u201319 June 2011, coll. Li Yu-jian and Yang Zai-hua; 47 males, 30 females, China, Xizang Province, Muotuo County, 6 May to 4 June 1980, coll. Jin Gen-tao and Wu Jian-yi ).India, Myanmar, China . New Record for China.Seasogonia indosinica. Other characteristics as in Seasogonia indosinica.Abdominal sternite VII , in ventIntraspecific variation. The number of teeth on valvulae II often varied from 4\u20137 teeth. In addition, the location of each tooth varied among different specimens, or between each valvula of a single specimen.PageBreakInterspecific variation. Females of Chinese Seasogonia species can be distinguished from each other mainly by the following characters: (1) the posterior margin of sternite VII is well produced medially and forms a median lobe in Seasogonia indosinica  in Seasogonia sandaracata, the macrosetae on the pygofer surface extend anteriorly distinctly farther than in the other two species  theia rosea , and thehe lobes ; (4) in ia rosea , the basdaracata . Other cSeasogonia species, and the characters such as lateral and median lobes of posterior margin can efficiently distinguish Chinese Seasogonia species. The female abdominal sternite VII is widely used for separating species of a genus or genera in sharpshooters or several groups of other leafhoppers  the posterior margin of the sternite VII is distinctly convex ; (2) the valvulae I and II are distinctly curved dorsally  near apex (Seasogonia seems very unusual for Cicadellini in general. We compared the shape and teeth with other cicadellines, but found little similarities on our studied genera of Old world Cicadellini. Seasogonia are somewhat similar to the New World genus Versigonalia (Seasogonia species, the valvulae II are not very expanded beyond basal curvature, shaft just have poorly developed teeth in apical one-third or one-half and apex is narrowly rounded in Versigonalia, but the shaft of valvulae does not curve so distinctly as in Seasogonia and not have clear dentate apicoventral margin.Unfortunately, we did not have at hand specimens of om China \u201364. Basedorsally  and 53; ear apex  and 41; ear apex  and 53; ear apex . It is iear apex . The strigonalia . Just asCicadellini are the reduced internal sternite VIII. The sclerotized parts of this sternite can provide shape-related characteristics useful for species distinctions in the subfamily (Cicadellini studied, which is consistent with Seasogonia and other members of the Old World Cicadellini.The sclerites of the genital chamber described by ubfamily . We did"}
+{"text": "Torsten Schwede, Biozentrum Universit\u00e4t Basel & SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, SwitzerlandDagmar Iber, ETHZ & SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, SwitzerlandTorsten Schwede, Biozentrum Universit\u00e4t Basel & SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, SwitzerlandKatja Jenni, Biozentrum Universit\u00e4t Basel, SwitzerlandRita Manohar, Biozentrum Universit\u00e4t Basel, SwitzerlandSarah G\u00fcthe, Biozentrum Universit\u00e4t Basel & SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, SwitzerlandYvonne Steger, Biozentrum Universit\u00e4t Basel, SwitzerlandLorenza Bordoli, Biozentrum Universit\u00e4t Basel & SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, SwitzerlandIrene Perovsek, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, SwitzerlandJocelyne Bocquet, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, SwitzerlandMelissa Davis, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, SwitzerlandRon Appel, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, SwitzerlandAnna Tramontano (chair), University of Rome \u2018La Sapienza\u2019, ItalyJanet Thornton, EBI European Bioinformatics Institute, UKMichal Linial, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, IsraelRon Appel, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, SwitzerlandAlfonso Valencia, Centro Nacional de InvestigacionesOncologicas, Madrid, SpainYves Moreau, University of Leuven, BelgiumMartin Vingron, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, GermanyJulio Saez-Rodriguez, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI)Ioannis Xenarios, University of Lausanne & SIB, SwitzerlandSean O'Donoghue, CSIRO & Garvan Inst., AustraliaDagmar Iber, ETHZ & SIB, Basel, SwitzerlandYves Moreau, University of Leuven, BelgiumNiko Beerenwinkel, SIB and ETHZ, Basel, SwitzerlandAlfonso Valencia, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas, Madrid, SpainDietrich Rebholz-Schuhmann, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI)Nicolas Galtier, CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier 2, FranceMarc Robinson-Rechavi, University of Lausanne & SIB, SwitzerlandAnna Tramontano, University of Rome \u2018La Sapienza\u2019, ItalyTorsten Schwede, SIB & Biozentrum, University of Basel, SwitzerlandSven Bergmann, University of Lausanne & SIB, SwitzerlandRichard Durbin, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UKRob Russel, University of Heidelberg, GermanyChristian von Mering, University of Zurich & SIB, SwitzerlandThomas H\u00f6fer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, GermanyFabian Theis, Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, GermanyMartin Vingron, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, GermanyGaston Gonnet, ETH Z\u00fcrich & SIB, SwitzerlandJacques Rougemont, EPFL, Lausanne, SwitzerlandGert Vriend, Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsFrederique Lisacek, SIB and University of Geneva, SwitzerlandMichael Stadler, Poster chair, SIB & FMI Friedrich Miescher Institut, Basel, SwitzerlandMohamed AbouelhodaJan AertsPankaj AgarwalChristian AhrensMario AlbrechtPatrick AloyGregoire Altan-BonnetAndre AltmannInka AppelKazuharu ArakawaSaul AresSusanna Assunto-SansonePhilip AwadallaFrancisco AzuajeRolf BackofenRuth BakerPedro BallesterMatteo BarberisGeoff BartonThomas BataillonAlex BatemanMichael BeckstetteNiko BeerenwinkelTim Bei\u00dfbarthAsa Ben-HurNir Ben-TalAndreas BenderSven BergmannAndreas BergnerSimon BernecheConrad BessantJoanna BettsInanc BirolJudith BlakeNils Bl\u00fcthgenBrigitte BoeckmannDanail BonchevPaola BonizzoniLorenza BordoliErich Bornberg-BauerAnne-Laure BoulesteixPhil BourneYana BrombergDavid BryantJavier Buceta Fern\u00e1ndezJanusz BujnickiAnita Burgun-ParenthoineHauke BuschRainer B\u00f6ckmannCarlos CamachoAlessandra CarboneRobert CasteloRui ChenJeong-Hyeon ChoiAndrea CilibiertoKevin CohenLachlan CoinNigel CollierAttila Csikasz-NagyAntoine DanchinThomas DandekarVincent DaubinHidde de JongXavier De La CruzRenee de MenezesRenee de MenezesDick de RidderJeroen de RidderCharlotte DeaneMauro DelorenziEmmanouil DermitzakisChristophe DessimozDiego Di BernardoAndreas DoncicJean-Philippe DoyonIvana DrobnjakOmer DushekMartin EbelingOliver Ebenh\u00f6hRichard EdwardsGeorg EhretLaurent ExcoffierAdam Eyre-WalkerLaurent FalquetLaurent FalquetGeorgios FengosJuan Fernandez RecioThilo FiggeSamuel FloresPaul Fran\u00e7oisFranca FraternaliErwin FreyCaroline FriedelDmitrij FrishmanHolger FroehlichToni GabaldonJulien GagneurNicolas GaltierTomas GedeonFlorian GeierOlivier GevaertRobert GiegerichAlejandro GiorgettiGeorgios GkoutosGiorgio GonnellaGaston GonnetBerthold GottgensJerome GoudetStephan GrillAndre GruningNicolas GuexJ\u00fcrgen HaasStefan HaasDieter HeermannManuela Helmer-CitterichJean-Karim HericheJaap HeringaHenning HermjakobRyan HernandezCarl HerrmannRalf HerwigDes HigginsMichael HillerRobert HoehndorfIvo HofackerDaniel HoffmannSteve HoffmannLiisa HolmFrank HolstegeHermann-Georg Holzh\u00fctterRob HooftSimon HubbardWolfgang HuberMartin HuynenThomas H\u00f6ferMark IbbersonDagmar IberFrancesco IorioChristian IseliKevin JanesAlfonso JaramilloKlaus JungIgor JurisicaOlga KalininaOlga KalininaWarren KaplanGuy KarlebachKazutaka KatohLaurence KelleyJanet KelsoPatrick KemmerenPhilipp KhaitovichJin-Dong KimJung-Jae KimPhilip KimWing Kin SungMartin KircherHisanori KiryuThomas KlabundeGunnar KlauJudith Klein-SeetharamanCarole KnibbeHeinz KoepplOliver KohlbacherRachel KolodnyJan KorbelSergei Kosakovsky PondRoland KrauseMichael KrauthammerAndriy KryshtafovychGregory LefebvreMatthieu LegendreHans-Peter LehnhofThomas LengauerUlf LeserChristina LeslieMingyao LiHao LinYao-Cheng LinMichal LinialFrederique LisacekHongfang LiuNuria Lopez-BigasPhilip LordDaniel MacArthurMatthias MachacekUlrich MansmannPaolo MarcatiliJohn MarioniFlorian MarkowetzBrian MarsdenLennart MartensMarc Marti-RenomMark McCarthyLiam McGuffinAlice McHardyDzianis MenshykauMichael Meyer HermannAnke Meyer-BaeseGeorge MichailidisAndrey MironovShabaz MohammedCarmen Molina-ParisStephen MontgomerySean MooneyYves MoreauBurkhard MorgensternSimon MoxonMatthieu MuffatoChris MungallFelix NaefMarkus NebelGoran NenadicZoran NikoloskiMichael NilgesZemin NingMagnus NordborgCedric NotredameJohn NovembreSe\u00e1n O'DonoghueJean-Christophe Olivo-MarinChristine OrengoMarko PagniJong ParkKiran PatilSabine PeresHerve PhilippeDavid PosadaJaime PriluskyNata\u0161a Pr\u017euljMiguel Angel PujanaTal PupkoZhaohui QinJ\u00f6rg Rahnenf\u00fchrerDomenico RaimondoSanguthevar RajasekaranDavid RandBen RaphaelDietrich Rebholz-SchuhmanKnut ReinertBernhard RenardSamuli RipattiDavid RitchieEric RivalsMark RobinsonPeter RobinsonMarc Robinson-RechaviStephane RombautsMichal Rosen-ZviVolker RothJacques RougemontRob RussellAndrey RzhetskyGunnar R\u00e4tschSten R\u00fcdigerJulio Saez-RodriguezNicolas SalaminMichael SammethIvo SbalzariniJ\u00f6rg SchaberWolfgang SchamelAvner SchlesingerAlexander SchliepAdrian SchneiderBirgit SchoeberlMichael SchroederJ\u00f6rg SchultzMarcel SchulzStefan SchulzStefan SchusterRussel SchwartzTorsten SchwedeBenno SchwikowskiJoachim SelbigNigam ShahRoded SharanNoam ShomronBarry SmithBerend SnelJohannes SoedingIngolf SommerRainer SpangAlexandros StamatakisOliver StegleJ\u00f6rg StellingRobert StevensJens StoyeKorbinian StrimmerJosh StuartJoakim SundnesEric TannierFabian TheisDenis ThieffryPaul ThomasPeter TielemanJerzy TiurynAnna TramontanoAchim TreschAla TrusinaJerry TsaiDavid UmulisSandor VajdaIlya VakserAlfonso ValenciaPascal VallottonRoeland van HamJacques van HeldenAntoine van KampenErik van NimwegenVera van NoortCeslovas VenclovasJean-Philippe VertMartin VingronArndt von HaeselerChristian von MeringGert VriendThomas WalterJohn WelchLodewyk WesselsSimon WhelanEdgar WingenderErnst WitShoshana WodakJerome WojcikJana WolfVerena WolfHaim WolfsonStephen WongCarolina W\u00e4hlbyIoannis XenariosJulien Yann DutheilMihaela ZavolanDaniel ZerbinoLouxin ZhangXiuwei ZhangRalf ZimmerAndrei ZinovyevAnder, ChristinaArnold, RolandAtias, NirAyshwarya, SubramanianBao, JieBayerlova, MichaelaBerman, BenBohl, KatrinBot, JanBoulesteix, Anne-LaureBusse, DorotheaBussotti, GiovanniCarbonell, PabloCastro, MauroChen, LiChen, XinChinappi, MauroChua, WatsonCifuentes, DanielColak, RecepCorcoran, DavidCorpas, ManuelCorre, TanguyCsaba, GergelyCzeizler, ElenaDaminelli, SimoneDe Brevern, Alexandre G.de Oliveira Martins, LeonardoDegroeve, SvenDi Camillo, BarbaraDinh, HieuDrewe, PhilippDutilh, Bas E.Erb, IonasErhard, FlorianFelizzi, FedericoFengos, GeorgiosFischer, BerndFortney, KristenFraternali, FrancaFriedel, CarolineFuchs, ChristianeFuchs, MathiasGambardella, GennaroGarijo, DanielGerstung, MoritzGevaert, OlivierGherardini, Pier FedericoGomes, MireilleGonnella, GiorgioGonnet, GastonGonzalez,Gori, KevinGriebel, ThassoGr\u00fcn, BettinaGuillemot, VincentHan, XuHeath, SimonHelsens, KennyHersch, MichaHill, JamieHoehndorf, RobertHoener Zu Siederdissen, ChristianHohm, TimHu, JialuH\u00f6fer, ThomasIsik, ZerrinJaenicke, SebastianJanjic, VukJeon, ClareJohn, MathiasJonnalagadda, SiddharthaJurman, 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+{"text": "Day-to-day functioning is a component of health-related quality of life and is an important end point for therapies to treat Huntington Disease (HD). Specific areas of day-to-day function changes have not been reported for prodromal or very early stages of HD. An exploratory self-report telephone interview was conducted with sixteen people with prodromal HD or early HD who met criteria designed to capture research participants most near to motor diagnosis. All completed semi-structured interviews on function in nine aspects of day-to-day life. Out of 16, 14 reported changes in at least one area. All day-to-day function areas were endorsed by at least one participant with driving being the most common area endorsed by 11/16. Changes in ability to perform some day-to-day tasks are experienced by people who are close to the time of clinical diagnosis for HD. Functional ability is likely to be an important component of outcome assessments of clinical trials and in ongoing clinical management. Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which losses of neurologic function continue until the end of the person\u2019s life. The diagnosis of HD traditionally is made with onset of motor symptoms. This typically occurs in the fourth decade of life In plain language, function refers to a person\u2019s abilities to do their daily tasks and routines in their daily life. However, the concept of ability to perform daily tasks is used in a variety of ways. The FDA description of patient-reported outcomes in clinical trials includes measures of any aspect of a patient\u2019s health status that document the effect of a disease on a person\u2019s quality of life, which in turn may include the person\u2019s ability to perform daily activities . In the public health arena, health related quality of life refers to the effect of chronic illness on a person\u2019s day-to-day life The earliest phase described in HD is referred to as the prodrome, and research findings have documented features of the disease up to 15 years prior to the diagnosis These global measures of functioning may not be sensitive to subtle changes in functional abilities that occur in prodromal HD. For example, when administered to 786 participants in PREDICT-HD, over 88% of participants scored at ceiling on the TFC or FAS. Among those participants, 5\u20137% reported some loss on questions about work and managing finances Research on the potential effect of interventions to delay or modify symptoms is limited by the absence of measures of day-to-day function activities across the prodromal and early diagnostic phases of HD. This includes those activities that may be diminishing at the time surrounding the time of diagnosis. Instruments are needed that document patient reported outcomes As reviewed above, the available quantitative data has been queried with regards to day-to-day functions in prodromal and very early HD. Findings have suggested that the currently available measures lack sensitivity to prodromal and very early diseases. This limitation is expected since most functional scales were initially developed for neurodegenerative diseases to track stages of dementia. Only more recently have we had the ability to identify and track persons at high risk for neurodegenerative diseases through efforts such as Mild Cognitive Impairment and PREDICT-HD. Findings suggest that new information is needed to better develop the earliest functional changes that occur prior to formal diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease. The current study was designed to solicit qualitative data to assist with the development of more sensitive measures. In an effort to maximize the data obtained through the qualitative interviews, we created an algorithm to recruit prodromal research volunteers who are considered most close to receiving a formal motor diagnosis and who were most likely to experience early functional decline. This is an exploratory study using descriptive qualitative methods and a single telephone semi-structured interview. Sixteen people who were enrolled at one of two PREDICT-HD research sites participated in the IRB-approved telephone interviews. Participants were selected from the PREDICT-HD study based on one of the following criteria:th percentile of longitudinal change in UHDRS total motor score. (1) were considered to be \u201cnear\u201d diagnosis based upon formula derived from CAG repeat length and current age The project received approval from The University of Iowa Institutional Review Board and the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Research Ethics Board in Toronto, Canada. The majority of participants (11/16) were female. Six were from Canada and 10 from the US. The mean CAG length was 41.38 (SD 1.45) and range 38\u201344. Mean age was 65.6 (SD 10.0) and range 36.5\u201378.8. Twelve had been diagnosed at the time of the interview.A semi-structured interview guide  was developed by the authors for this project. Topics were selected based on a review of the literature, clinical experience of the research team, and prior interviews conducted during the development of an instrument focused specifically on ability to perform tasks at work. After completion of informed consent procedures, each person participated in a telephone interview conducted by a team member who is an experienced interviewer. Interviews ranged from 4\u201335 minutes, with the average being 13.5 minutes. The shorter interview times were for those participants who had no functional changes to report. All interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Data saturation was reached after six interviews; after that we did not learn of other day-to-day function changes not previously mentioned by other participants.Figure 1. Day-to-Day Function Semi-Structured Interview GuideTwo authors followed qualitative descriptive analysis techniques Fourteen of the 16 participants described one or more changes in performance of day-to-day tasks. Each participant reporting changes endorsed from 1\u20137 areas of function (Table 1). One person who did not endorse any of the 9 topics in the interview guide reported the presence of involuntary movements. Specific functional tasks and examples of statements are provided below. Participants are identified by a number only for the purpose of reporting the data. Table 1. Functional Changes (N=16)Driving:  The most commonly endorsed day-to-day change was driving (11/16). Participants referred to concerns about doing more than one thing at a time, being slower, and concerns about safety. For example, I can only, kind of, do one thing at a time now, I need to be alert to the driving solely; my reaction time is slower (1),  and one of the kids was nervous of me driving. Because of that I have said that I won\u2019t drive any of the grandkids (2).Interactions:  When describing changes in interactions with others, participants described a variety of changes including lack of interest, anxiety, and irritability with others. I\u2019m, um, a little less patient, sometimes I have to watch myself, you know; I have to watch the way I speak (3), and  it\u2019s not that I don\u2019t feel social, it\u2019s just . . . I get lazy and I don\u2019t want to go out (4).Household chores:  Respondents were aware they were not keeping up with their usual responsibilities, but described a lack of interest or initiative. I used to change the beds and now it\u2019s not as often as I used to (5), You know, I could look at something, and you know, realize it was dusty, but . . . for that to register in my head that I, you know, had to clean a whole house . . . I just never thought about it (6),  and it\u2019s not important any more (7).Telephone:  Respondents were reluctant to respond on the telephone when they weren\u2019t prepared, and were selective when they did answer the telephone.  Only if I know about it in advance. Spur of the moment . . . forget it . . . it\u2019s like because it was unexpected . . . my brain\u2019s not working that way (7), and I have it print out on my TV so I it tells me who it is . . . I don\u2019t want to get into the conversation . . . you just don\u2019t want to . . . initiate it (8).Shopping:  Skills needed for shopping included being able to remember where to go for needed items, as well as what the items are. I make my list, and write it down . . . to make sure I remember to stop (8),  and I forget things so I usually need to have a list for everything I\u2019m going to need (1).Finances:  Not being able to remember to take care of finances was mentioned by several; others also noted that they could not keep up with the processes of calculating and managing them. Anything concerning the bills, or anything like that, I can\u2019t remember (3), uh, I just kind of don\u2019t do it, I mean, I don\u2019t know what happened (6), I\u2019m not very good at it, you know, adding in my head anymore (5). Paid work:  All respondents who left paid employment had done so voluntarily. Some stated they were able to retire due to having reached the requirements for full retirement, or for family reasons. Others specifically addressed an inability to do their jobs. I had to leave my job because . . . I just couldn\u2019t work, like I just couldn\u2019t . . . mentally . . . I couldn\u2019t do it (3). I was falling behind (6). Cooking:  Multiple demands in planning and executing preparing a meal were difficult for some participants. I think I make more of a mess . . . But for the most part it\u2019s ok; it takes me longer to clean up . . . I just forget to do things (4). Hobbies and other topics:  When asked about changes in hobbies or leisure activities, none of the respondents reported changes that were related to having prodromal HD. When asked if there were other things they had noticed, comments were offered about motor skills. Oh God, that\u2019s bad too; I walk into walls (7), I guess what you call the involuntary movements . . . I definitely feel that it doesn\u2019t mean it makes any changes in your ability to do things . . . it\u2019s just something you have noticed over time, that\u2019s all (9). In responding to queries regarding potential changes in ability to carry out day-to-day tasks in specific areas, all respondents provided information on factors that, they believed, made it difficult to do these tasks. These factors ranged from emotional to cognitive to physical stamina topics. Apathy/Fatigue:I get really tired . . . It\u2019s not so much a physical thing; it\u2019s a, like in your mind (10). I don\u2019t have the excitement part of doing some things; it\u2019s just not there (11).Cognition:Part of my trade was . . . always learning stuff; I couldn\u2019t learn . . . I couldn\u2019t remember anything anymore (4); Memory\u2014it\u2019s just gone. Like my short-term memory (3).Irritability:I always seem to have that real quick to anger (6). I\u2019m a little short, a little cranky (12).This study examined self-reports of losses of abilities to perform day-to-day tasks in a small cohort of people in the prodromal HD or very early phase of HD and for whom scores on the UHRDS motor scale indicated a significant increase of motor decline. Findings indicate that changes in day-to-day task function vary in prodromal HD and those recently diagnosed with HD, but that when changes are experienced, they are more likely to be in the domains of tasks that require multiple cognitive, motor, and behavioral abilities. Driving is a good illustration of this because it is an activity that requires multiple domain skills and was the most frequently mentioned area of functional difficulty in this sample. Although few reports focus on components of day-to-day function in prodromal HD or early HD, the range of topics is consistent with those reported with less sensitive measures, specifically that of employment and managing finances \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A potential limitation of this study includes the possibility of early lack of insight that is a component of HD http://knol.google.com/k/anthony-l-vaccarino/assessment-of-day-to-day-functioning-in/19jerwgzmryar/28#).\u00a0Further investigations may provide insight into factors associated with the domains in which people with prodromal HD perceive changes, as well as provide data to monitor progression of day-to-day function over time. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0These findings suggest that day-to-day function may be impaired in some domains during the prodromal HD and recently diagnosed period, and that measures to document function must encompass the range of domains likely to be affected in prodromal HD.\u00a0Data from these interviews were used in the development of items to assess day-to-day functioning by FuRST-pHD; and initiative to develop a rating scale for assessing symptoms and functional ability in prodromal and early HD  and CHDI Foundation, Inc.\u00a0We thank the PREDICT-HD sites, the study participants, and the National Research Roster for Huntington Disease Patients and Families. The full list of those involved with the PREDICT-HD study is shown below.The authors declare no competing interests.PREDICT-HD Investigators, Coordinators, Motor Raters, Cognitive RatersActive: September 2009\u2013August 2010\u00a0Thomasin Andrews, MD, BSC, MRCP, Elisabeth Rosser, MBBS, FRCP, and Sarah Tabrizi, MD, PhD ;\u00a0Anne Rosser, MD, PhD, MRCP, Kathy Price, RN, and Sarah Hunt, BSc ;\u00a0Frederick Marshall, MD, Amy Chesire, LCSW-R, MSG, Mary Wodarski, BA, and Charlyne Hickey, RN, MS ;\u00a0Oksana Suchowersky, MD, FRCPC, Sarah Furtado, MD, PhD, FRCPC, and Mary Lou Klimek, RN, BN, MA ;\u00a0Peter Panegyres, MB, BS, PhD, Elizabeth Vuletich, BSC, Steve Andrew, and Rachel Zombor, MPSYC ;\u00a0Joel Perlmutter, MD, Stacey Barton, MSW, LCSW, and Amy Schmidt ;\u00a0Zosia Miedzybrodzka, MD, PhD, Sheila A. Simpson, MD, Daniela Rae, RN, and Mariella D\u2019Alessandro, PhD ;\u00a0David Craufurd, MD, Ruth Fullam, BSC, and Elizabeth Howard, MD ;\u00a0Pietro Mazzoni, MD, PhD, Karen Marder, MD, MPH, and Paula Wasserman, MA ;\u00a0Rajeev Kumar, MD and Diane Erickson, RN ;\u00a0Vicki Wheelock, MD, Terry Tempkin, RNC, MSN, Nicole Mans, BA, MS, and Kathleen Baynes, PhD ;\u00a0Joseph Jankovic, MD, Christine Hunter, RN, CCRC, and William Ondo, MD ;\u00a0Justo Garcia de Yebenes, MD, Monica Bascunana Garde, Marta Fatas, BA,\u00a0 and Asuncion Martinez-Descales ;\u00a0Wayne Martin, MD, Pamela King, BScN, RN, and Satwinder Sran, BSC ;\u00a0Anwar Ahmed, PhD, Stephen Rao, PhD, Christine Reece, BS, Janice Zimbelman, PhD, PT, Alexandra Bea, BA, Emily Newman, BA, and Alex Bura, BA .Thomas Wassink, MD, Stephen Cross, BA, Nicholas Doucette, BA, Mycah Kimble, BA, Patricia Ryan, MSW, LISW, MA, Jessica Wood, MD, PhD, Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD, and Leigh J. Beglinger, PhD ;\u00a0Edmond Chiu, MD, Olga Yastrubetskaya, PhD, Joy Preston, Anita Goh, D.Psych, Chathushka Fonseka, and Liz Ronsisvalle ;\u00a0Phyllis Chua, MD, and Angela Komiti, BS, MA ;\u00a0Lynn Raymond, MD, PhD, Rachelle Dar Santos, BSc, and Joji Decolongon, MSC, CCRP ;\u00a0Adam Rosenblatt, MD, Christopher A. Ross, MD, PhD, Barnett Shpritz, BS, MA, OD, and Claire Welsh ;\u00a0William M. Mallonee, MD, Greg Suter, BA, and Judy Addison ;\u00a0Ali Samii, MD, and Alma Macaraeg, BS ;\u00a0Randi Jones, PhD, Cathy Wood-Siverio, MS, Stewart A. Factor, DO, and Claudia Testa, MD, PhD ;\u00a0Roger A. Barker, BA, MBBS, MRCP, Sarah Mason, BSC, Anna Goodman, PhD, Rachel Swain, BA, and Anna DiPietro ;\u00a0Elizabeth McCusker, MD, Jane Griffith, RN, Clement Loy, MD, David Gunn, BS, and Linda Stewart, RN ;\u00a0Bernhard G. Landwehrmeyer, MD, Michael Orth MD, PhD, Sigurd S\u00fc\u03b2muth, MD, RN, Katrin Barth, RN, and Sonja Trautmann, RN ;\u00a0Kimberly Quaid, PhD, Melissa Wesson, MS, and Joanne Wojcieszek, MD ;\u00a0Mark Guttman, MD, Alanna Sheinberg, BA, and Irita Karmalkar, BSc ;\u00a0Susan Perlman, MD and Arik Johnson, PsyD ;\u00a0Michael D. Geschwind, MD, PhD, Jon Gooblar, BA, and Gail Kang, MD ;\u00a0Tom Warner, MD, PhD, Maggie Burrows, RN, BA, Marianne Novak, MD,Steering CommitteeJane Paulsen, PhD, Principal Investigator, Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD, Hans Johnson, PhD, Megan Smith, PhD, Janet Williams, PhD, RN, FAAN, Leigh Beglinger, PhD, James Mills, MS ; Elizabeth Aylward, PhD ; Kevin Biglan, MD ; Blair Leavitt, MD ; Marcy MacDonald, PhD ; Martha Nance, MD ; and Cheryl Erwin, JD, PhD .Scientific SectionsBio Markers:\u00a0Blair Leavitt, MDCM, FRCPC (Chair) and Michael Hayden, PhD (University of British Columbia); Stefano DiDonato, MD ; Ken Evans, PhD (Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network); Wayne Matson, PhD ; Asa Peterson, MD, PhD , Sarah Tabrizi, MD, PhD ; Beth Borowsky, PhD (CHDI); Andrew Juhl, BS, James Mills, MS, Kai Wang, PhD (University of Iowa); and David Weir, BSc (University of British Columbia).Brain:\u00a0Jean Paul Vonsattell, PhD (Chair), and Carol Moskowitz, ANP, MS ; Anne Leserman, MSW, LISW, Lynn Schaul, BA, and Stacie Vik, BA (University of Iowa).Cognitive:\u00a0Deborah Harrington, PhD (Chair), Gabriel Castillo, BS, Jessica Morison, BS, and Jason Reed, BS , Michael Diaz, PhD, Ian Dobbins, PhD, Tamara Hershey, PhD, Erin Foster, OTD, and Deborah Moore, BA (Washington University Cognitive Science Battery Development); Holly Westervelt, PhD , Jennifer Davis, PhD, and Geoff Tremont, PhD, MS ; Megan Smith, PhD , David J. Moser, PhD, Leigh J. Beglinger, PhD, Kelly Rowe, and Danielle Theriault, BS (University of Iowa); Carissa Gehl, PhD ; Kirsty Matheson (University of Aberdeen); Karen Siedlecki, PhD (Fordham University); Marleen Van Walsem (EHDN); Susan Bonner, BA, Greg Elias, BA, and Melanie Faust, BS ; Beth Borowski, PhD (CHDI); Noelle Carlozzi (University of Michigan); Kevin Duff, PhD (University of Utah); Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis ; Julie Stout, PhD ; Herwig Lange (Air-Rahazentrum); and Kate Papp (University of Connecticut).Functional: Janet Williams, PhD (Chair), Leigh J. Beglinger, PhD, Anne Leserman, MSW, LISW, Eunyoe Ro, MA, Lee Anna Clark, Nancy Downing, RN, PhD, Joan Laing, PhD, Kristine Rees, BA, and Stacie Vik, BA (University of Iowa); Rebecca Ready, PhD (University of Massachusetts); Anthony Vaccarino, PhD (Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network); Sarah Farias, PhD\u00a0; Noelle Carlozzi, PhD (University of Michigan); and Carissa Gehl, PhD .Genetics:\u00a0Marcy MacDonald, PhD (Co-Chair), Jim Gusella, PhD, and Rick Myers, PhD ; Michael Hayden, PhD (University of British Columbia); Tom Wassink, MD (Co-Chair) Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD, Andrew Juhl, BA, James Mills, MS, and Kai Wang, PhD (University of Iowa); Zosia Miedzybrodzka, MD, PhD (University of Aberdeen); and Christopher Ross, MD, PhD (Johns Hopkins University).Imaging:\u00a0Administrative:\u00a0Ron Pierson, PhD (Chair), Kathy Jones, BS, Jacquie Marietta, BS, William McDowell, AA, Greg Harris, BS, Eun Young Kim, MS, Hans Johnson, PhD, and Thomas Wassink, MD (University of Iowa); John Ashburner, PhD ; Steve Potkin, MD ; and Arthur Toga, PhD .\u00a0Striatal:\u00a0Elizabeth Aylward, PhD .\u00a0Surface Analysis:\u00a0Eric Axelson, BSE (University of Iowa).\u00a0Shape Analysis:\u00a0Christopher A. Ross (Chair), MD, PhD, Michael Miller, PhD, and Sarah Reading, MD (Johns Hopkins University); Mirza Faisal Beg, PhD (Simon Fraser University).\u00a0DTI:\u00a0Vincent A. Magnotta, PhD ; Karl Helmer, PhD ; Kelvin Lim, MD ; Mark Lowe, PhD (Cleveland Clinic); Sasumu Mori, PhD (Johns Hopkins University); Allen Song, PhD (Duke University); and Jessica Turner, PhD .\u00a0fMRI:\u00a0Steve Rao, PhD (Chair), Erik Beall, PhD, Katherine Koenig, PhD, Michael Phillips, MD, Christine Reece, BS, and Jan Zimbelman, PhD, PT (Cleveland Clinic); and April Bryant (University of Iowa).Motor:\u00a0Kevin Biglan, MD (University of Rochester), Karen Marder, MD (Columbia University), and Jody Corey-Bloom, MD, PhD  all Co-Chairs; Michael Geschwind, MD, PhD ; Ralf Reilmann, MD and Zerka Unds ; and Andrew Juhl, BS (University of Iowa).Psychiatric:\u00a0Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD (Chair), Nancy Downing, RN, PhD, Jess Fiedorowicz, MD, Robert Robinson, MD, Megan Smith, PhD, Leigh Beglinger, PhD, James Mills, MS, Kristine Rees, BA, Adam Ruggle, Stacie Vik, BA, Janet Williams, PhD, Dawei Liu, PhD, David Moser, PhD, and Kelly Rowe (University of Iowa); Karen Anderson, MD (University of Maryland); David Craufurd, MD (University of Manchester); Mark Groves, MD (Columbia University); Anthony Vaccarino, PhD and Ken Evans, PhD (Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network);\u00a0Hugh Rickards, MD ; Eric van Duijn, MD ; Irina Antonijevic, MD, PhD, and Joseph Giuliano (CHDI); Phyllis Chua ; and Kimberly Quaid, PhD (Indiana University School of Medicine).Core SectionsStatistics:\u00a0James Mills, MEd, MS, Dawei Liu, PhD, Jeffrey Long, PhD, Wenjing Lu, Kai Wang, PhD, and Ying Zhang, PhD (University of Iowa).Recruitment/Retention:\u00a0Martha Nance, MD ; Anne Leserman, MSW, LISW, Nicholas Doucette, BA, Mycah Kimble, BA, Patricia Ryan, MSW, LISW, MA, Kelli Thumma, BA, Elijah Waterman, BA, and Jeremy Hinkel, BA (University of Iowa).Ethics:\u00a0Cheryl Erwin, JD, PhD, ; Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD Janet Williams, PhD, Nicholas Doucette, BA, Anne Leserman, MSW, LISW, James Mills, MS, Lynn Schaul, BA, and Stacie Vik, BA (University of Iowa); Martha Nance, MD (University of Minnesota); and Lisa Hughes, MEd .IT/Management:\u00a0Hans Johnson, PhD (Chair), R.J. Connell, BS, Karen Pease, BS, Ben Rogers, BA, BSCS, Jim Smith, AS, Shuhua Wu, MCS, Roland Zschiegner, Erin Carney, Bill McKirgan, Mark Scully, and Ryan Wyse (University of Iowa); Jeremy Bockholt (AMBIGroup).Program ManagementAdministrative:\u00a0Chris Werling-Witkoske (Chair), Karla Anderson, BS, Kristine Bjork, BA, Ann Dudler, Jamy Schumacher, Sean Thompson, BA, Leann Davis, Machelle Henneberry, Greg Ennis, MA, and Stacie Vik, BA (University of Iowa).Financial:\u00a0Steve Blanchard, MSHA, Kelsey Montross, BA, and Phil Danzer (University of Iowa)."}
+{"text": "The authors wish to add Dr. Han-Shui Hsu as an author to this paper. The correctedbyline is: Yi-Hung Carol Tan, Soundararajan Krishnaswamy, Suvobroto Nandi, RajaniKanteti, Sapana Vora, Kenan Onel, Rifat Hasina, Fang-Yi Lo, Essam El-Hashani,Gustavo Cervantes, Matthew Robinson, Han-Shui Hsu, Stephen C Kales, StanleyLipkowitz, Theodore Karrison, Martin Sattler, Everett E Vokes, Yi-Ching Wang, RaviSalgia. Dr. Hsu's affiliation is: Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine,National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan."}
+{"text": "Lauren Comisar was erroneously omitted from the author list. Her affiliation is: Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University.The updated author list is:Souriya Vang, Hsin-Ta Wu, Andrew Fischer, Daniel H. Miller, Shannon MacLaughlan, Elijah Douglass, Lauren Comisar, Margaret Steinhoff, Colin Collins,Peter J. S. Smith, Laurent Brard, Alexander S. BrodskyThe updated author contributions are:Pathology and tissue analysis: MS. Funding and intellectual support: CC PJS. Conceived and designed the experiments: ASB LB. Performed the experiments: SV AF DHM ED LC. Analyzed the data: HTW ASB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SM. Wrote the paper: ASB."}
+{"text": "AbstractAnthonomini are limited to those of the United States of America and Canada. A dichotomous key is presented to identify all genera of Mexican and Central American Anthonomini. Previous keys do not include the genera Achia, Botanebius, Loncophorus, Loncophorellus and Melexerus. A brief synopsis is given for each genus and photographs of representative species are included.Presently the only keys available for identification of genera of  Curculionidae of Mexico and Central America is rich in species , Phyllotrox (Derelomini) or Tychius (Tychiini). These taxa can be distinguished from Anthonomini by the following combination of characters: Smicronyx have claws connate at base and pronotum with postocular lobes. Phyllotrox, femur with ventral margin simple, lacking tooth; procoxae closer to posterior margin than to anterior margin of prosternum. Tychius, suture between ventrites 2 and 3 markedly extended posterolaterally, reaching or passing suture between ventrites 3 and 4  , Anthonomus nigrinus (potato weevil), Anthonomus musculus (cranberry weevil), Anthonomus pomorum (apple blossom weevil) Anthonomus pyri (pear weevil), Anthonomus fulvipes (cherry weevil), Anthonomus quadrigibbus (apple curculio), and Pseudanthonomus validus (currant fruit weevil), (The host plants or plant associates of cum spp. . Other pweevil), .The objective of the key presented here is to allow identification of genera of this tribe in Mexico and Central America.PageBreakAnthonomini reported in Mexico and Central America was compiled from the following works: A list of genera of Anthonomini were examined from collections of the following institutions: Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda, A.C, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. (IEXA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico (UAQE), Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila, M\u00e9xico (UAAAN), Texas A&M University Insects Collection, College Station, Texas, U.S.A. (TAMUIC).Specimens of 1,529 adults of the tribe Images of specimens of each genus were captured with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope and digital camera and processed using COMBINEZP software . PHOTOSHAnthonomini , Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panam\u00e1, Puerto Rico, Saint Christopher, Virgin Islands, Brazil, Trinidad, Uruguay, Venezuela; states of Mexico: Chiapas, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo and Tamaulipas. Families of associated plants include: Malpighiaceae, Myrtaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Rubiaceae and Rutaceae. See Loncophorus Chevrolat, 1832. New World species 14, with 8 species from Mexico and Central America. Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guyana, Paraguay, Peru Surinam, Cuba, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Mexico, Panama; states of Mexico: Oaxaca and Veracruz. Species have been associated with Bombacaceae. See Lonchophorellus Clark, 1989. New World species 4, with 2 species from Mexico and Central America. Distribution: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, VenePageBreakzuela, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and Panama; states of Mexico: Chiapas, Guerrero, Morelos, Puebla and Veracruz. Individuals have been associated with: Flacourtiaceae, Malpighiaceae, Myrtaceae and Sterculiaceae. See Magdalinops Dietz, 1891. New World species 4, with 1 species from Mexico. Distribution: United States of America and Mexico; states of Mexico: Baja California. Individuals have been associated with Asteraceae. See Melexerus Burke, 1982. New World species 1, monotypic genus, Melexerus hispidusFagaceae (Fagaceae .Narberdia Burke, 1976. New World species 1, monotypic genus, Narberdia aridulusEuphorbiaceae (rbiaceae .Neomastix Dietz, 1891. New World species 10, with 4 species from Mexico and Central America. Distribution: Colombia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, United States of America, Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti, Island Virgin, M\u00e9xico, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico; states of Mexico: Guerrero, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Sonora, Tamaulipas. Families of associated plants include: Asteraceae, Ericaceae, Fabaceae, Palmaceae, Sapindaceae and Sterculiaceae. See Pseudanthonomus Dietz, 1891. New World species 35, with 14 species from Mexico and Central America. Distribution: Canada, Costa Rica, El Salvador, United States of America, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama and Venezuela; states of Mexico: Baja California and Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Durango Guanajuato Jalisco, Nayarit, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Puebla, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potos\u00ed, Tabasco Tamaulipas and Veracruz. Families of associated plants include: Betulaceae, Boraginaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Ericaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Krameriaceae, Malpighiaceae, Malvaceae, RosaceaeSaxifragaceae and Verbenaceae. See Smicraulax Pierce, 1908. New World species 6, 6 in Mexico and Central America. Distribution: United States of America, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and Panama: states of Mexico: Chiapas, Durango, Guerrero, Oaxaca and Nuevo Le\u00f3n. Species have been associated with Santalaceae. See PageBreak"}
+{"text": "AbstractMycetophagidae (hairy fungus beetles) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada are surveyed. Seven species in the genera Mycetophagus, Litargus, and Typhaea are found in the region. Six new provincial records are reported including Mycetophagus punctatus and Mycetophagus flexuosus, whichare newly recorded in the Maritime Provinces. The distribution of all species is mapped, colour habitus photographs of all species are figured, and an identification key to species is provided. The discussion notes that four of the species found in the region are apparently rare, possibly due to the history of forest management practices in the region; a situation similar to that of a significant proportion of other saproxylic beetles found in the Maritime Provinces.The  Mycetophagidae (hairy fungus beetles) are a family of relatively small, fungus-eating beetles. Only five genera and 26 species are known in North America, 15 of which have been recorded in Canada (Mycetophagus quadriguttatus M\u00fcller and Typhaea stercorea (Linnaeus), have previously PageBreakbeen recorded from the Maritime Provinces of Canada  , an adventive Palaearctic species, is associated with a large variety of moldy substances and is found both outdoors in natural environments, and indoors in association with a variety of stored products  . Speciesehydrate . Typhaeaproducts . The bioing logs . The preAcronyms JCCJeffrey Ogden Collection, Truro, Nova Scotia, CanadaJOCKent Island Collection, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, USAKICNova Scotia Agricultural College, Bible Hill, Nova Scotia, CanadaNSAC\tNova Scotia Museum, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaNSMCNova Scotia Department of Natural Resources Insectary, Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia, CanadaNSNRRichard Migneault Collection, Edmundson, New Brunswick, CanadaRMC, flight intercept trap.FITAbbreviations: PageBreakAn identification key to species [adapted from Mycetophagus species are variable.* Note: elytral markings on Mycetophagidae were examined \u2013 8 from New Brunswick, 149 from Nova Scotia, and 18 from Prince Edward Island. Included were specimens of seven species in three genera. Mycetophagus flexuosus Say is newly recorded in the Maritime Provinces from New Brunswick; Mycetophagus punctatus Say is newly recorded in the Maritime Provinces from Nova Scotia; Mycetophagus serrulatus Casey is newly recorded in New Brunswick; Mycetophagus pluripunctatus LeConte is newly recorded in New Brunswick; Mycetophagus quadriguttatus M\u00fcller is newly recorded in Nova Scotia; and Litargus tetraspilotus LeConte is newly recorded in Prince Edward Island \u2013 a total of five new provincial records, two of which are newly recorded PageBreakin the region. Four species are known from New Brunswick, six from Nova Scotia, and two from Prince Edward Island ; Edmundston, 47\u00b022.285'N; 68\u00b014.663'W, 22 August 2010, R. Migneault, in polypore on dead aspen log .Mycetophagus flexuosus is newly recorded in the Maritime Provinces from New Brunswick (Pleurotus ostreatus) Fries; Tramates versicolor (Fr.) Pil.); and Piptoporus betulinus) (Fr.) Kar.runswick . Cline aSay, 1826NOVA SCOTIA: Halifax Co.: Soldier Lake, 7 June 2005, J. Ogden, spruce beetle trap ; Hants Co.: Smileys Park, 6 July 2005, J. Ogden, spruce beetle trap .Mycetophagus punctatus Say is newly recorded in the Maritime Provinces from Nova Scotia. Both specimens were collected in the central mainland of Nova Scotia (Quercus velutina Lamb.) in Virginia (Polyporus radicatus Schw.) in Iowa (Pleurotus ostreatus) (Piptoporus betulinus) growing on gray birch  in New York  ; and on New York .Casey, 1900NEW BRUNSWICK: Charlotte Co.: Grand Manan archipelago, Kent Island, 23 July 2012, M. Steck, balsam fir forest, sweeping . NOVA SCOTIA: Annapolis Co.: Durland Lake, 21 June 2003, P. Dollin, hemlock/balsam fir/black spruce forest (120+ years), bracket fungi on white birch .Mycetophagus serrulatus Casey is newly recorded in New Brunswick. The species was reported from Nova Scotia by Betula papyrifera Marshall). Pleurotus ostreatus).PageBreakLeConte, 1856NEW BRUNSWICK: Madawaska County: Edmundston, 47\u00b022.285'N; 68\u00b014.663'W, 22 August 2010, R. Migneault, in polypore on dead aspen log . NOVA SCOTIA: Antigonish Co.: Cape George Point, 23 June1993, M. LeBlanc, funnel trap ; Colchester Co.: Kemptown, 1 June 1995, 28 June 1995, C. Corkum, young deciduous forest, FIT ; Upper Bass River, 18 May 1995, C. Corkum, old deciduous forest, FIT ; Upper Bass River, 3 June 1995, C. Corkum, old deciduous forest, FIT ; Cumberland Co.: East Leicester, 2 June 1995, C. Corkum, old deciduous forest, FIT ; East Leicester, 14 June 1995, C. Corkum, old deciduous forest, FIT ; East Leicester, 15 June 1995, C. Corkum, old deciduous forest, FIT ; Fox River, PageBreak17 May 1995, C. Corkum, young deciduous forest, FIT ; Fox River, 3 June 1995, C. Corkum, young deciduous forest, FIT ; Harrington River, 13 July 1995, C. Corkum, young deciduous forest, FIT ; Wentworth, 21 May-5 July 1965, B. Wright, sugar maple forest, window trap ; Halifax Co.: Halifax, 1 December 1986, B. Wright ; Soldier Lake, 30 July 2004, D. MacDonald, spruce beetle trap ; Lunenburg Co.: Card Lake, 2-15 June, 1997, D.J. Bishop, red spruce/hemlock forest (old growth), FIT ; Yarmouth Co.: Wellington, 23-29 August 1992, J. & F. Cook, mixed forest .Mycetophagus pluripunctatus LeConte is newly recorded in New Brunswick. The species was reported from Nova Scotia by Piptoporus betulinus), Pleurotus ostreatus), and Spongipellis unicolor (Schw.) growing on a fallen white oak  in Arkansas. Schwartz (1876) said it was \u201cabundant in fungus\u201d in Michigan.PageBreakM\u00fcller, 1821NOVA SCOTIA: Annapolis Co.: Paradise, 11 June 2005, K. Webster, spruce beetle trap ; Colchester Co.: Balmoral Mills, 19 June 1974, B. Wright, grist mill ; Kings Co.: Kentville, 10 August 2005, D.H. Webster, compost heap, moldy corncobs .Mycetophagus quadriguttatus M\u00fcller is newly recorded in Nova Scotia NEW BRUNSWICK: Northumberland Co.: Tabusintac, 13 June 1939, 26 July 1939, W.J. Brown . NOVA SCOTIA: Colchester Co.: Truro, 4 March 1919, collector not recorded . PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND: Prince Co.: Central Bedeque, 29 July 1954, F.M. Cannon .Eighty-two specimens  were examined. The earliest records from each province are: Typhaea stercorea (Linnaeus) was reported from New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island by Typhaea stercorea has been found in corn fields (on decaying kernels of exposed ears), warehouses, stores, flour mills, mangers, railway boxcars, dwellings, and granaries in stored grain and seeds, tobacco, peanuts, cacao, corn, millet, wheat, apricots, and moldy grape skins, as well as in nests of swans and moorhens  South and Central America (The dates of earliest detection are given above: New Brunswick (1939), Nova Scotia (1919), and Prince Edward Island (1954). ontinent , and is  America .LeConte, 1856NOVA SCOTIA: Cape Breton Co.: East Bay, 9 September 2003, C.W. D\u2019Orsay ; Colchester Co.: Bible Hill, 8 July 2004, K.R. Aikens, pasture, sweep ; Bible Hill, 14 June 2005, S.M. Townsend, sweep ; Debert, 9 June 1994, J. Ogden ; Masstown, 7 September 2002, C.G. Majka, marshy swamp ; Shubenacadie, 26 August 1997, J. Ogden ; Digby Co.: Brier Island, Pond Cove, 9 August 2004, J. Ogden & K. Goodwin, knapweed, sweep ; Brier Island, Pond Cove, 10 August 2004, J. Ogden & K. Goodwin, sweep ; Brier Island, Westport, 9 August 2004, J. Ogden & K. Goodwin, grassland, sweep ; Halifax Co.: Big Indian Lake, 16 July 2003, P. Dollin, Picea rubens forest (80-120 years), in rotting mushroom ; Point Pleasant Park, 15 August 2000, 7 September 2000, C.G. Majka, mixed forest ; Point Pleasant Park, 9 September 2000, 2 June 2002, 23 July 2002, C.G. Majka, coniferous forest ; Point Pleasant Park, 12 May 2001, 10 June 2001, 25 May 2002, C.G. Majka, coniferous forest, on Picea rubens ; Point Pleasant Park, 19 May 2001, 29 May 2001, C.G. Majka, coniferous forest, on Pinus strobus ; 29 July 2001, 18 August 2001, Point Pleasant Park, C.G. Majka, mixed forest ; PageBreakPoint Pleasant Park, 9 May 2002, C.G. Majka, coniferous forest, on Abies balsamea ; Point Pleasant Park, 9 June 2002, C.G. Majka, mixed forest, on Aralia hispida ; Point Pleasant Park, 7 July 2002, C.G. Majka, seashore ; Point Pleasant Park, 14 September 2002, C.G. Majka, marsh, on herbaceous vegetation ; Point Pleasant Park, 30 June 2004, C.G. Majka, coniferous forest, on Pinus sylvestris ; West Dover, 7 September 2003, C.G. Majka, coastal barrens, heaths ; Kings Co.: Aldershot, 5 August 1949, 2 August 1949, 10 August 1949, 20 August 1949, 16 May 1950, H.T. Stultz ; Greenwich, 29 May 1958, H.T. Stultz ; Kingston, 30 June 2002, C.G. Majka, sandy pine barren ; Queens Co.: Eight Mile Lake, 11 August 2003, P. Dollin, PageBreakPicea rubens forest (40-80 years), in vegetation, sweep ; Little Ponhook Lake, 1 August 1993, B. Wright, in oak apple galls ; Ponhook Lake nr. Greenfield, 13 July 1993, J. Cook, ultraviolet light trap ; Shelburne Co.: Clyde River Road, 16 July 1992, S. & J. Peck, forest, car net ; Forbes Point, 9 July 2007, R. Gorham, grass/alders ; Victoria Co.: Cape Breton Highlands: Kelly Rd, 24 June 2005, J. Ogden, malaise trap ; Yarmouth Co.: Moses Lake, 8 km N of Argyle, 17-22 July 1993, J. & T. Cook, mixed forest, FIT . PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND: Queens Co.: Cavendish, 19 July 2001, C.G. Majka, coastal vegetation ; Princeton-Wharburton Road, 19 August 2002, C.G. Majka, old field ; St. Patricks, 18 August 2002, C.G. Majka, old field ; St. Patricks, 29 June 2003, C.G. Majka, mixed forest .Litargus tetraspilotus LeConte is newly recorded from Prince Edward Island. PageBreakmany records from the southern mainland of Nova Scotia, Cape Breton Island, and Prince Edward Island , jack pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.), balsam fir  Mill.), on deciduous, and herbaceous vegetation, on bristly sarsaparilla , and in a rotting mushroom. Litargus tetraspilotus as an inquline inhabitant of oak apple galls on red oak (Quercus rubra L.) induced by Andricus  sp. (Cynipidae) wasps. Phoradendron flavescens (Pursh) Nutt., and Ulyschen and Hanula (2010) reared it from decomposing loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) logs in South Carolina.In the Maritime Provinces Typhaea stercorea and Litargus tetraspilotus are abundant and widely distributed in the Maritime Provinces. Mycetophagus pluripunctatus appears to be uncommon but widely distributed on the mainland of Nova Scotia. The other four species of mycetophagids \u2013 Mycetophagus punctatus, Mycetophagus flexuosus, Mycetophagus serrulatus, and Mycetophagus quadriguttatus \u2013 are all represented by a handful of specimens or less. They would all appear to qualify asPageBreak \u201capparently rare\u201d saproxylic beetles as defined by Endomychidae and Erotylidae of the Maritime Provinces, two other families of beetles closely associated with fungi, Mycetophagus, three of which are closely associated with saproxylic fungi, may belong to this same suite of insects for similar reasons.In general, mycetophagids have received rather little attention by researchers in North America, and the bionomics of many species have not been carefully investigated. Certainly this is true in the Maritime Provinces and additional fieldwork in the region is required to ascertain more about their distribution, abundance, bionomics, and ecological role in the habitats that they inhabit."}
+{"text": "In Collino, MassimoPini, AlessandroMastroianni, RosannaBenetti, ElisaLanzi, CeciliaBani, DanieleManoni, MarcoFantozzi, RobertoMasini, EmanuelaWe wish to apologise for any misunderstanding or inconvenience caused."}
+{"text": "Navin Pokala and Cornelia I. Bargmann were erroneously omitted from the author list. The correct byline is:1,2, Christian Schultheis1,2, Navin Pokala3, Steven J. Husson1,2,4, Jana F. Liewald1,2, Cornelia I. Bargmann3, Alexander Gottschalk1,2*Cornelia Schmitt1 Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany, 2 Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany, 3 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA, 4 Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, BelgiumThe correct citation is:Schmitt C, Schultheis C, Pokala N, Husson SJ, Liewald JF (2012) Specific Expression of Channelrhodopsin-2 in Single Neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS ONE 7(8): e43164. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043164NP and CIBdesigned research, provided reagents and analyzed the data.The acknowledgments section should read as: We thank A. Hart, G. Jansen, E. Jorgensen, M. de Bono, M. Chalfie, and W. Schafer for plasmids and strains, and J. Stirman and H. Lu for help with the tracking and illumination system. We are indebted to P. Wood, L. Forrest, and E. Bamberg for help on evaluating structural and topological featuresof ChR2 and NpHR and derived fragments.glr-1::flox::ChR2::mCherry, pNP259: Pgpa-14::Cre, pNP260: Pnmr-1::flox::ChR2::mCherry.In the Plasmids section of Materials and Methods, the first sentence should read: The following plasmids used: pNP165: P"}
+{"text": "The publisher would like to apologise on behalf of the authors of the following 4articles published in Inhalation Toxicology.1. Brorby, Sheehan, Berman, Green, Holm, Re-Creation of HistoricalChrysotile-Containing Joint Compounds, Inhalation Toxicology, 20: 1043-1053(2008).2. Bernstein, Donaldson, Decker, Gaering, Kunzendorf, Chevalier, Holm, ABiopersistence Study following Exposure To Chrysotile Asbestos Alone or inCombination with Fine Particles, Inhalation Toxicology, 20: 1009-1028 (2008).3. Bernstein, Rogers, Sepulveda, Donaldson, Schuler, Gaering, Kunzendorf, Chevalier,Holm, The pathological response and fate in the lung and pleura of chrysotile incombination with fine particles compared to amosite asbestosfollowing short-terminhalation exposure: interim results, Inhalation Toxicology, 2010, 22(11) 937-962(2010).4. Bernstein, Rogers, Sepulveda, Donaldson, Schuler, Gaering, Kunzendorf, Chevalier,Holm, Quantification of the pathological response and fate in the lung and pleura ofchrysotile in combination with fine particles compared to amosite-asbestos followingshort-term inhalation exposure, Inhalation Toxicology, 2011; 23(7):372-391(2011).Since publication of these 4 articles we have had a request to add the followinginformation to the Declaration of Interest section of each paper.The additional statement reads:\u201cGeorgia-Pacific has not sold chrysotile-containing joint compounds for morethan 30 years, but litigation is pending in which individuals claim exposure to theCompany's historic products. The articles listed above report on work thatGeorgia-Pacific commissioned to address issues that have arisen in that litigation.I, Stewart E. Holm, representing Georgia-Pacific, am an author on all four papers.The other authors are consulting experts retained by or on behalf of Georgia-Pacificto conduct the research and prepare the articles. Dr. Donaldson has been listed aspotential testifying expert witness by Georgia-Pacific, and Dr. Bernstein hastestified as an expert witness for Georgia-Pacific.\u201d"}
+{"text": "AbstractItalica\u201d in the Ross Sea (Antarctica) in the austral summer 2004. A total of 18 epibenthic dredge deployments/samplings have been performed at four different locations at depths ranging from 84 to 515m by using a Rauschert dredge with a mesh size of 500\u03bcm. In total 8,359 specimens have been collected belonging to a total of 161 species. Considering this dataset in terms of occurrences, it corresponds to 505 discrete distributional records (incidence data). Of these, in order of abundance, 5,965 specimens were Gastropoda (accounting for 113 species), 1,323 were Bivalvia (accounting for 36 species), 949 were Aplacophora (accounting for 7 species), 74 specimens were Scaphopoda (3 species), 38 were Monoplacophora (1 species) and, finally, 10 specimens were Polyplacophora (1 species). This data set represents the first large-scale survey of benthic micro-molluscs for the area and provides important information about the distribution of several species, which have been seldom or never recorded before in the Ross Sea. All vouchers are permanently stored at the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA), Section of Genoa, enabling future comparison and crosschecking. This material is also currently under study, from a molecular point of view, by the barcoding project \u201cBAMBi\u201d (PNRA 2010/A1.10).Information regarding the molluscs in this dataset is based on the Rauschert dredge samples collected during the Latitudinal Gradient Program (LGP) on board the R/V \u201cPageBreak Italica\u201d, under the Latitudinal Gradient Program (LGP), by deploying a fine-mesh dredge (Rauschert dredge). This collection is now part of the Italian National Antarctic Museum  and is published with the aim of increasing the knowledge of the distribution of mollusc species in the Ross Sea. The dataset is also the first Italian contribution to ANTABIF based on materials stored at the MNA.This dataset is about the mollusc samples obtained in the framework of the 2004 voyage of the RV \u201cProject title: Latitudinal Gradient Program (LGP) R/V \u201cItalica\u201d voyage 2004 - Mollusca.Curator and Promoter: Stefano Schiaparelli.Personnel: Claudio Ghiglione, Maria Chiara Alvaro, Huw J. Griffiths, Katrin Linse.Funding: This study is part of the Project 2002/8.6  and of the Project 2010/A1.10  funded by the Italian National Antarctic Research Program (PNRA). Vouchers are maintained at the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA), Section of Genoa.Study area description: This dataset lists the species that have been collected by deploying for the first time a Rauschert dredge in the Ross Sea  and Terra Nova Bay (~75\u00b0S) (Ross Sea . Samples (~75\u00b0S) . The Rau (~75\u00b0S) . The dreDesign description: In the past decade, the Ross Sea has been the area studied by the Latitudinal Gradient Program  which aimed at: i) understanding the complex ecosystems that exist along the Victoria Land coast; and ii) determining the effects of environmental change on these ecosystems; iii) maximising the transfer of information and ideas, by utilising joint logistic facilities. To achieve these targets, two temporally parallel research voyages took place during the Austral summer 2004: one PageBreakon board the Italian R/V \u201cItalica\u201d and one on board the R/V \u201cTangaroa\u201d  organized, respectively, by NIWA  and PNRA .http://afg.biodiversity.aq/about). The LGP contributed to the SCAR biology programme Evolution and Biodiversity in the Antarctic (EBA) and now to the SCAR programme State of the Antarctic Ecosystem (AntEco). The dataflow is illustrated in In the field, samples were collected by using a Rauschert dredge with a mesh size of 500\u03bcm . SamplesItalica\u201d 2004 LGP Expedition by Dr. Peter Rehm  according the SCAR-MarBIN Data Toolkit (available at http://www.scarmarbin.be/documents/SM-FATv1.zip). The dataset was uploaded in the ANTOBIS database  and added to SOMBASE . SOMBASE generated initial core data system upon which SCAR\u2019s Marine Biodiversity Information Network (SCAR-MarBIN) was built. Taxonomy was matched against the Register of Antarctic Marine Species, using the Taxon Match tool (http://www.scarmarbin.be/rams.php?p=match). Data from both the R/V \u201cItalica\u201d and the R/V \u201cTangaroa\u201d  voyages were published in The present molluscs dataset has been formatted in order to fulfil the standards (Darwin Core) required by the OBIS scheme  and Terra Nova Bay (~75\u00b0S). On the whole,eighteen stations, comprised between 84 and 515m of depth, were sampled.Ross Sea . SamplesSampling description: Sampling activities were done in four main areas of the Ross Sea: Cape Adare, Cape Hallett, Coulman Island, Cape Russell  these have been included in this dataset as they could be clearly distinguished during sorting activities and were therefore considered as morphospecies. During all the phases of sorting, classification and storage of samples at the Italian National Antarctic Museum, quality controls and data cleaning have been undertaken at various steps in order to produce quality data and make consistent cross-references between the database and samples\u2019 labels. The MNA uses an SQL-based database (Specify 6) to manage its collections and link all the data  to the physical samples. Georeferencing on board the R/V \u201cItalica\u201d is based on the interpolation of GPS satellite receivers (models 3S Navigation and Glonass ASHTECH GG24) and a gyrocompass. Station coordinates and sampling events were recorded during sampling activities through the \u201cItalica\u201d NetNav WEB system, which is based on the above GPS systems.General taxonomic coverage description: The present dataset focuses on the Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Mollusca and includes six molluscs classes: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Monoplacophora, Solenogastres, Polyplacophora and Scaphopoda. In total 8,359 specimens have been collected belonging to 161 species and corresponding to 505 species distributional records. Of these, in order of abundance, 5,965 specimens were Gastropoda (accounting for 113 species), 1,323 were Bivalvia (accounting for 36 species), 949 were Aplacophora (accounting for 7 species), 74 specimens were Scaphopoda (3 species), 38 were Monoplacophora (1 species) and, finally, 10 specimens were Polyplacophora (1 species). This data set represent the first large-scale survey of benthic micromolluscs for the area and provides important information about the distribution of several species which have been seldom or never recorded before in the Ross Sea. A detailed analysis of the distribution of mollusc species sampled by PageBreakthe Rauschert dredge as well as the illustration of all new records for the Ross Sea is in PageBreakThe dataset includes respectively for each class:Kingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:MolluscaClass: SolenogastresFamily:NeomeniidaeSpecies:Solenogastres sp. 1, Solenogastres sp. 2, Solenogastres sp. 3, Solenogastres sp. 4, Solenogastres sp. 5, Solenogastres sp. 6, Neomenia sp. 1Kingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:MolluscaClass:PolyplacophoraFamily:CallochitonidaeGenus:CallochitonSpecies:Callochiton sp. 1Kingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:MolluscaClass:MonoplacophoraFamily:MicropilinidaeGenus:MicropilinaSpecies:Micropilina arntzi War\u00e9n & Hain, 1992PageBreakKingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:MolluscaClass:GastropodaFamily:Acteonidae, Cancellaridae, Anatomidae, Margaritidae, Doridae, Eulimidae, Mangeliidae, Seguenzioidea, Calliotropidae, Capulidae, Newtoniellidae, Buccinidae, Skeneidae, Cylichnidae, Diaphanidae, Dotidae, Eatoniellidae, Zerotulidae, Lepetidae, Naticidae, Cerithiopsidae, Collonidae, Skeneidae, Mangellidae, Margaritidae, Orbitestellidae, Triviidae, Omalogyridae, Volutomitridae, Buccinidae, Philinidae, Raphitomidae, Rissoidae, Akiodorididae, Cingulopsidae, Pyramidellidae, Tjaernoeiidae, Muricidae, Mathildidae, BorsoniidaeGenus:Acteon, Admete, Aegires, Anatoma, Antimargarita, Antistreptus, Austrodoris, Bathycrinicola, Belalora, Brookula, Calliotropis, Capulus, Cerithiella, Chlanidota, Cirsonella, Cylichna, Diaphana, Doto, Eatoniella, Eumetula, Frovina, Fusceulima, Haliella, Hemiaclis, Iothia, Kerguelenatica, Krachia, Leptocollonia, Liotella, Lissotesta, Lorabela, Margarites, Melanella, Microdiscula, Newnesia, Nothoadmete, Notoficula, Omalogyra, Paradmete, Pareuthria, Philine, Pleurotomella, Powellisetia, Probuccinum, Prodoridunculus, Prosipho, Sinuber, Skenella, Streptocionella, Thjaernoeia, Toledonia, Torellia, Trilirata, Trophon, Turritellopsis, TyphlodaphneSpecies:PageBreakActeon antarcticus Thiele, 1912, Admete haini Numanami, 1996, Aegires albus Thiele, 1912, Anatoma euglypta , Antimargarita dulcis , Doris kerguelensis , Bathycrinicola tumidula , Oneopota striatula , Bertellidae sp.1, Bertellidae sp.2, Brookula pfefferi Powell, 1951, Brookula cf. argentina Zelaya, Absalao & Pimienta, 2006, Brookula strebeli A.W.B. Powell, 1951, Calliotropis antarctica Dell, 1990, Cancellaridae sp.1, Cancellaridae sp.2, Capulus subcompressus Pelseneer, 1903, Cerithiella seymouriana , Chlanidota signeyana A.W.B. Powell, 1951, Cirsonella extrema Thiele, 1912, Cylichna gelida , Diaphana paessleri , Doto antarctica Eliot, 1907, Doto sp., Eatoniella aff. cana Ponder, 1983, Eatoniella cf. demissa , Eatoniella kerguelensis , Eulimidae sp.1, Eulimidae sp.2, Eulimidae sp.3, Eulimidae sp.4, Eulimidae sp.5, Eumetula dilecta , Eumetula cf. dilecta , Eumetula strebeli , Frovina sp.1, Frovina sp.2, Fusceulima sp.1, Fusceulima sp.2, Gastropoda sp.1, Haliella sp.1, Hemiaclis incolorata , Hemiaclis sp.1, Hemiaclis sp.2, Iothia emarginuloides , Kerguelenatica delicatula , Krachia antartica , Leptocollonia innocens , Liotella sp.1, Lissotesta macknighti , Lissotesta mammillata , Lissotesta minutissima , Lissotesta notalis , Lissotesta similis , Lissotesta sp.1, Lissotesta strebeli , Lissotesta unifilosa , Lorabela davisi , Margarites crebrilirulata , Margarites refulgens , Marseniopsis sp., Melanella antarctica , Melanella convexa , Microdiscula vanhoeffeni Thiele, 1912, Naticidae sp.1, Newnesia antartica E. A. Smith, 1902, Nothoadmete cf. delicatula , Notoficula bouveti , Omalogyra burdwoodiana Strebel, 1908, Omalogyra sp.1, Onoba egorovae Numanami, 1996, Onoba gelida , Onoba kergueleni , Onoba paucilirata , Onoba sp.1, Onoba subantarctica wilkesiana , Onoba turqueti , Paradmete fragillima , Pareuthria plicatula Thiele, 1912, Philine alata Thiele, 1912, Pleurotomella deliciosa Thiele, 1912, Powellisetia deserta , Probuccinum tenerum , Prodoridunculus gaussianus Thiele, 1912, Prosipho nodosus Thiele, 1912, Antistreptus contrarius , Prosipho glacialis Thiele, 1912,, Prosipho mundus E. A. Smith, 1915, Sinuber microstriatum Dell, 1990, Skenella paludinoides , Streptocionella pluralis Dell, 1990, Tjaernoeia michaeli Engl, 2002, Toledonia cf. perplexa Dall, 1902, Toledonia elata Thiele, 1912, Toledonia globosa Hedley, 1916, Toledonia limnaeaeformis , Toledonia major , Toledonia palmeri Dell, 1990, Toledonia punctata Thiele, 1912, Toledonia sp.1, Toledonia sp.2, Toledonia sp.3, Toledonia striata Thiele, 1912, Torellia antarctica , Torellia exilis , Trilirata macmurdensis , Trilirata sexcarinata War\u00e9n & Hain, 1996, Trophon coulmanensis E. A. Smith, 1907, Trophon minutus Melvill & Standen, 1907, Turritellopsis latior Thiele, 1912, Typhlodaphne innocentia Dell, 1990, Typhlodaphne sp.1Kingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:MolluscaClass:BivalviaFamily:Philobryidae, Astartidae, Cuspidariidae, Cyamiidae, Carditidae, Cyclochlamydidae, Propeamussiidae, Mytilidae, Kelliidae, Limidae, Limopsidae, Philibryidae, Lyonsiidae, Montacutidae, Poromyidae, Nuculanidae, Siliculidae, Cuspidariidae, Thraciidae, Thyasiridae, Galeommatoidea, YoldiidaeGenus:Adacnarca, Astarte, Cuspidaria, Cyamiomactra, Cyclocardia, Cyclochlamys, Cyclopecten, Dacrydium, Kellia, Limatula, Limopsis, Lissarca, Lyonsia, Montacuta, Mysella, Parathyasira, Philobrya, Poromya, Propeleda, Pseudokellya, Silicula, Subcuspidaria, Thracia, Waldo, YoldiellaSpecies:PageBreakAdacnarca nitens Pelseneer, 1903, Astarte longirostris d\u2019Orbigny, 1842, Cuspidaria tenella E. A. Smith, 1907, Cuspidaria kerguelensis , Cyamiomactra laminifera , Cyamiomactra robusta Nicol, 1964, Cyclocardia astartoides , Cyclochlamys gaussiana , Cyclochlamys pteriola , Dacrydium albidum Pelseneer, 1903, Kellia simulans E. A. Smith, 1907, Limatula hodgsoni , Limatula ovalis , Limatula simillima , Limopsis lilliei E. A. Smith, 1915, Limopsis marionensis E. A. Smith, 1885, Lissarca notorcadensis Melvill & Standen, 1907, Lyonsia arcaeformis Martens, 1885, Montacuta nimrodiana Hedley, 1911, Mysella cf. antarctica , Mysella charcoti Lamy, 1906, Mysella gibbosa , Mysella sp.1, Philobrya sublaevis Pelseneer, 1903, Philobrya wandelensis Lamy, 1906, Philobrydae sp.1, Poromya spinosula Thiele, 1912, Propeleda longicaudata , Pseudokellya gradate Thiele, 1912, Pseudokellya sp. juv., Silicula rouchi Lamy, 1911, Thracia meridionalis E. A. Smith, 1885, Parathyasira dearborni , Thyasira debilis , Waldo parasiticus , Yoldiella antarctica Kingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:MolluscaClass:ScaphopodaFamily:Pulsellidae, GadilidaeGenus:Pulsellum, SiphonodentaliumSpecies:Pulsellum sp. 1, Siphonodentalium dalli , Siphonodentalium sp. 1Ross Sea, Antarctica .71\u00b015'5\"S and 74\u00b049'3\"S Latitude; 164\u00b011'5\"E and 170\u00b041'9\"E Longitude.February 9, 2004\u2013February 21, 2004.Parent collection identifier: Italian Antarctic National Museum Collection name: Italica 2004 Rauschert MolluscsCollection identifier:http://www.mna.itSpecimen preservation method: Specimens were fixed in pre-cooled Ethanol immediately after the extraction from the dredge net. In this way any thermal shock which could potentially alter the integrity of DNA was avoided. After fixation, specimens were sorted under a stereomicroscope, divided into morphospecies and stored in \u201eScrew Thread Vials\u201c . For study, some specimens PageBreakper species have been dissected under the stereomicroscope and soft parts used for DNA extractions. Shells corresponding to these specimens have been dried in increasing ethanol concentrations, mounted on stubs and gold sputtered for scanning electron microscope observation. These specimens are maintained in a laboratory kiln with silica gel to prevent deterioration. All the other specimens are kept in ethanol in the collections of the Italian National Antarctic Museum.This dataset contains data about the Phylum Mollusca in the Ross Sea. In particular, it includes 161 species for a total of 8,359 specimens. By cconsidering this dataset in terms of incidence, it encompasses 505 discrete distributional records.The Darwin Core elements included in the dataset are: scientific name, collection code (i.e. MNA acronym), catalogue number , year of collection, date of collection, latitude and longitude , individual counts, and basis of records (type of preservation).Object name: Italica 2004_Rauschert dredge_Ross_sea_Mollusca_lgpCharacter encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0Distribution:http://ipt.biodiversity.aq/resource.do?r=ross_sea_mollusca_lgpLanguage: EnglishMetadata language: EnglishLicense of use: This dataset [Italica 2004_Rauschert dredge_Ross_sea_Mollusca_lgp] is made available under the Open Data Commons Attribution License: http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/Date of metadata creation: 2013-01-08Hierarchy level: Dataset"}
+{"text": "The affiliations of the second author,Victor Chi-Hsiang Lin were not listed correctly. The correct author affiliations are as follows:Yuan-Hong Jiang 1, Victor Chia-Hsiang Lin 2,3, Chun-Hou Liao 4, Hann-Chorng Kuo 11. Department of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan2. Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan3. Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan4. Depatment of Urology, Cardinal Tien Hospital and Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan"}
+{"text": "The affiliation currently reads:Irene Pichler, Fabiola Del Greco M., Martin G\u00f6gele, Peter P. Pramstaller, Andrew A. Hicks, Cosetta Minelli: Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United KingdomThe affiliation should read:Irene Pichler, Fabiola Del Greco M., Martin G\u00f6gele, Peter P. Pramstaller, Andrew A. Hicks, Cosetta Minelli:Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy .Cosetta Minelli:Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom."}
+{"text": "The order of authors is incorrect. Please see the correct author order here: Anna Urbanowicz, Dominik Lewandowski, Jadwiga Jodynis-Liebert, Czeslaw Sadowski, Marek Figlerowicz."}
+{"text": "There is an error in sentence four of the \"Immunofluorescence\" section of Materials and Methods. The sentence should read: \"Primary antibodies were as follows: E-cadherin, BD, 610181, Mouse, 1:1500; N-cadherin, BD, 610921, Mouse, 1:300; Slug, LifeSpan Bio, LS-C30318, Rabbit, 1:1000; Snail, Abcam, ab17732, Rabbit, 1:700.\""}
+{"text": "There was an error in affiliation 1 for authors Aleksandra W. Debowski, Phebe Verbrugghe,Hans-Olof Nilsson, Jonathan C. Gauntlett, Alma Fulurija, Tania Camilleri, Barry J. Marshall,and Mohammed Benghezal. Affiliation 1 should be: Ondek Pty Ltd and Helicobacter pyloriResearch Laboratory, School of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, M504, Marshall Centre forInfectious Disease Research and Training, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WesternAustralia"}
+{"text": "Affiliation number 7 for the eighth author, Antonio Miranda-Vizuete, is incorrect. The correct affiliation is: Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain."}
+{"text": "Dr. Schnider should have been removed from the authors list. The correct authors list should be as follows: Lucas N, Saj A, Schwartz S, Ptak R, Thomas C, Conne P, Leroy R, Pavin S, Diserens K and Vuilleumier P."}
+{"text": "The authors' names were incorrectly listed as Papastergiou G. Stergios, Konstantinidis A. Georgios, Natsis Konstantinos, Papathanasiou Efthymia, Koukoulias Nikolaos, and Papadopoulos G. Alexandros; this error is corrected here."}
+{"text": "The authors would like to update the first affiliation. \"Geneart AG, BioPark, Regensburg, Germany\" should now be: \"Geneart/Life Technologies, BioPark, Regensburg, Germany.\""}
+{"text": "Affiliation number 2 for the first, second, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh authors is incorrect. The correct affiliation is: Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi\u2019an, P. R. China."}
+{"text": "There was an error in affiliations 1, 3, and 4 for authors Jonathan Maelfait, Kenny Roose, Pieter Bogaert, Mozes Sze, Xavier Saelens, Isabelle Carpentier, Geert van Loo, and Rudi Beyaert. Affiliation 1 should be: Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium. Affiliation 3 should be: Unit of Molecular Virology, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium. Affiliation 4 should be: Cell Culture and Sorting Core Facility, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium."}
+{"text": "AbstractAleurodaphis van der Goot is reviewed. One new species Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. on Sinojackia xylocarpa from Jiangsu and Zhejiang, China is described. Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982 is synonymised with Aleurodaphis blumeae van der Goot, 1917. Keys to species, morphological description and features of the new species, host plants, and distribution are provided. The specimens including types are deposited in British Natural History Museum, London (BMNH), K\u00f4gakkan University, Japan and the National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (NZMC).The genus  Aleurodaphis is erected in 1917 by van der Goot. He described the species Aleurodaphis blumeae as the type of the genus, from Blumea. Its remarkable characters are the followings, body of apterae is aleyrodiform, frontal horn is absent and wax glands are arranged along crenulated margin of body. Takahashi studied the specimens from East PageBreakAsia, and described two species Aleurodaphis mikaniae Takahashi, 1925 and Aleurodaphis asteris Takahashi & Sorin, 1958. More than 30 years later, one new species was found from India, Aleurodaphis antennata Chakrabarti & Maity, (1980) 1982 and one new species was reported in China, Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982. Aleurodaphis impatientis, Aleurodaphis ligulariae and Aleurodaphis stewartiae. After identifying the specimens from China and checking the specimens of the genus in British Natural History Museum, one new species, Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. is found, and Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982 is synonymised with Aleurodaphis blumeae van der Goot, 1917 here. Therefore, the genus has eight known species in the world , while the other paratypes in the National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (NZMC) and K\u00f4gakkan University, Japan. All the other specimens studied are deposited in BMNH and NZMC.van der Goot, 1917http://species-id.net/wiki/AleurodaphisAleurodaphis  van der Goot, 1917: 239.Aleurodaphis  van der Goot: Aleurodaphis blumae van der Goot, 1917. PageBreak small and ciliated; eyes with 3 facets. Dorsal setae fine and sparse. Rostrum reaching mid-coxae, at most hind coxae. Ultimate rostral segment obviously longer than second hind tarsal segment. Legs short; first tarsal chaetotaxy: 2\u20134, 2\u20134, 2\u20134; dorsal-apical setae on second hind tarsal segments with funnel-shaped apex. Siphunculi ring-shaped. Cauda knobbed and anal plate bilobed. In alate viviparous females: antennae 5-segmented, with secondary rhinaria near ring-shaped, without cilia; eyes normal; first tarsal chaetotaxy: 4, 4, 4, sometimes 3 or 2; fore wings with media once branched, pterostigma extended and two cubitus fused or separated at base; hind wings with two obliques.Body oval and flat. In apterous females: body aleyrodiform, absence of frontal horns, and wax glands arranged along the crenulated margin of body. Head and prothorax, meso- and metathorax, abdominal tergites I\u2013VII fused, respectively; only abdominal tergite VIII free; antennae 4 or 5-segmented, primary rhinariaAleurodaphis is quite wide, including Compositae , Balsaminaceae (Impatiens), Gramineae (Bambusa), Moraceae (Ficus), Plantaginaceae (Plantago), Scrophulariaceae (Mazus), Styracaceae (Sinojackia), Theaceae (Stewartia),\u00a0Verbenaceae  and Violaceae.The range of\u00a0host plantsin Aleurodaphis asteris, Aleurodaphis blumeae, Aleurodaphis impatientis, Aleurodaphis ligulariae and Aleurodaphis mikaniae, mainly feeding on Compositae species, have monoecious and anholocyclic life cycle. Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. and Aleurodaphis stewartiae can form galls on the leaves of the primary host plants, but their secondary hosts are unknown. The details of Aleurodaphis antennata wereunreported  1982http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_antennataAleurodaphis antennata  Chakrabarti & Maity, (1980) 1982: 56.Aleurodaphis antennata  Chakrabarti & Maity: Bambusa sp.PageBreakIndia  .Takahashi & Sorin, 1958http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_asterisAleurodaphis asteris  Takahashi & Sorin, 1958: 31.Aleurodaphis asteris  Takahashi & Sorin: CHINA (NZMC): 2 apterous viviparous females, 15 April 1991, Jiangle, Fujiang, No. 10054, on Violaceae, coll. W. Y. Zhang; 8 apterous viviparous females, 13 August 2003, Motuo, Tibet, No. 15371, host plants unknown, coll. G. X. Qiao and X. L. Huang; JAPAN (BMNH):24 apterous viviparous females, 5 August 1966, Osaka, Chihaya, on Aster sp., coll. M. Sorin.; 9 apterous viviparous females, 29 May 1964, Osaka, Kongo Mt., on Aster sp., coll. v. d. Bosch; 4 apterous viviparous females, 7 June 1966, Kyushu, Hikosan, on Kalimeris sp., coll. H. Takada; 8 apterous viviparous females, 6 August 1980, Kyoto, Kibune Mt., on Aster yomena, coll. R. L. Blackman; KOREA (BMNH):2 apterous viviparous females, 15 September 1963, Ulnungdo, on Aster incisus, coll. W. H. Paik; 1 apterous viviparous female, 14 September 1963, Pusan, on Chrysanthemum zawidskii, coll. W. H. Paik. Carpesium abrotanoides, Aster yomena, Aster incisus, Chrysanthemum zawaidskii, Kalimeris sp. and Violaceae.The species feed on the stems, leafstalks, flower stalks and leaves of the host plants.China, Japan and Korea.van der Goot, 1917http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_blumeaeAleurodaphis blumeae  van der Goot, 1917: 240.Aleurodaphis nobukii  Shinji, 1923: 301.Astegopteryx japonica  Takahashi, 1923: 150.Aleurodaphis sinisalicis  Zhang, 1982: 20. syn. n.Aleurodaphis blumeae  van der Goot: Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982 were checked, including 48 apterous viviparous females, 25 July 1963, Sichuan (Guanxian County), No. Y0399, on Salix sp., coll. G. X. Zhang and T. S. Zhong. The result confirmed the queries of Aleurodaphis sinisalicis  described it as a new species. In the original descriptions of Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982, the diagnosis was: the ratio of body length to antennae length was 4.70 (Aleurodaphis blumeae: 2.70), the base of cauda restricted (Aleurodaphis blumeae: not restricted), and the anal plate bilobed (Aleurodaphis blumeae: not bilobed). Actually, the morphological characters of Aleurodaphis blumeae in this diagnosis were inaccurate. In A. blumeae, the ratio of body length to antennae length was 4.80 instead of 2.70, the base of cauda restricted instead of not restricted, and the anal plate bilobed instead of not bilobed.The original descriptions of Aleurodaphis sinisalicis, Salix sp., is perhaps mis-recorded.The host plant of CHINA (NZMC): 6 apterous viviparous females, 17 August 2004, Guizhou (Daozhen County), No. 15597, host plants unknown, coll. J. Y. Yang; 6 apterous viviparous females, 17 July 2001, Shaanxi (Nanzheng County), No. Y8606, host plants unknown, coll. S. H. Wang; 7 apterous viviparous females, 8 September 1995, Jiangxi (Jinggangshan City), No. 10852, on Compositae, coll. G. X. Zhang; 9 apterous viviparous females and 7 alate viviparous females, 25 April 1984, Shaanxi (Yangling County), No. 64, on Carpesium cernuum, coll. X. F. Dai; 5 alate viviparous females, May 1984, Shaanxi (Yangling County), No. Y6227, host plants unknown, coll. X. F. Dai; 3 apterous viviparous females, 26 June 1983, Zhejiang (Lin\u2019an City),PageBreak No. Y2692, on Carpesium abrotanoides, collector unknown; 5 apterous viviparous females, 8 April 1998, Guangxi (Napo County), No. 11772, on Callicarpa bodinieri, coll. G. X. Qiao; 14 apterous viviparous females, 21 April 1998, Guangxi (Fangchenggang City), No. 11840, on Senecio scandens, coll. G. X. Qiao; 16 apterous viviparous females, 22 March 1998, Guangxi (Pingxiang City), No. 11580, on Plantago asiatica, coll. G. X. Qiao; 7 apterous viviparous females, Hunan, No. 8887, on Compositae, the collector unknown; 3 apterous viviparous females and 2 nymphs, Feburary 1925, Taiwan (Taihoku), on Ficus sp., coll. R. Takahashi (BMNH); 107 apterous viviparous females, 1 alate viviparous female and 24 nymphs, 21 May 1985, Zhejiang (Hangzhou City), on Carpesium abrotanoides, coll. V. F. Eastop (BMNH); JAPAN (BMNH):2 apterous viviparous females and 4 nymphs, 29 August 1913, Kumamoto, on Blumea sp., coll. Theobald; 10 alate viviparous females, 22 September 1957, Osaka, on Carpesium abrotanoides var. tumbergianum, coll. M. Sorin; 2 apterous viviparous females, 2 alate viviparous females and 4 nymphs, 30 July 1957, Tokyo, Takao Mt., on Blumea sp., coll. R. Takahashi; 7 apterous viviparous females and 12 nymphs, 16 August 1991, Chiba, Sayama, on Carpesium sp., coll. D. L. Stern; KOREA (BMNH): 2 apterous viviparous females, 15 September 1963, Ulnungdo, on Mazus miguelii, coll. W. H. Paik; 1 apterous viviparous female, July 1969, Lri, host plants unknown, coll. W. H. Paik; INDONESIA (BMNH): 6 apterous viviparous females and 2 alate viviparous females, 13 July 1916, Garoet, on Compositae, coll. D. van der Goot; MALAYSIA (BMNH): 3 apterous viviparous females and 2 nymphs, 23 September 1944,Cameron Highlands, on Blumea sp., coll. R. Takahashi; PHILIPPINES (BMNH):1 alate viviparous female, September 1962, Davao Exp. Station, trap in Abacca grove, coll. M. R. Gavarra; 1 alate viviparous female, July 1963, Davao Exp. Station, host plants unknown, coll. M. R. Gavarra; 1 alate viviparous female, January 1964, Davao Exp. Station, host plants unknown, coll. M. R. Gavarra; 1 alate viviparous female, March 1964, Davao Exp. Station, host plants unknown, coll. M. R. Gavarra; 3 apterous viviparous females and 2 nymphs, 13 September 1964, Makiling, on Blumea sp., coll. V. S. Calilung. Carpesium cernuum, Carpesium abrotanoides, Carpesium abrotanoides var. tumbergianum, Senecio scandens, Blumea chinensis, Callicarpa bodinieri, Mazus miguelii, Ficus sp. and Plantago asiatica. The common hosts are various Compositae.Blumea on stems and undersides of young leaves, causing slight leaf-curl : 6 apterous viviparous females and 3 alate viviparous females, 24 August 2004, Guizhou (Daozhen County), No. 15638, host plants unknown, coll. J. Y. Yang; 4 apterous viviparous females, 15 August 2003, Sichuan (Baoxing County), No. 15017, on Parasenecio sp., coll. K. Guo; 7 apterous viviparous females, 27 June 1999, Shaanxi (Foping County), No. 12336, on Compositae, coll. T. L. He; 20 apterous viviparous females, 12 October 1988, Hunan (Zhangjiajie City), No. 8962, on Impatiens sp., coll. T. S. Zhong and G. X. Zhang; 4 apterous viviparous females, 26 September 1974, Guizhou (Guiyang City), No. Y2123, on Senecio scandens, coll. Y. Y. Rao; 10 apterous viviparous females, 31 March 1982, Yunnan (Kunming City), No. 7373, on Senecio scandens, coll. G. X. Zhang; 6 apterous viviparous females, 12 October 1996, Shaanxi (Zhouzhi County), No. 11096, host plants unknown, coll. G. X. Qiao; 4 apterous viviparous females, 18 August 2003, Sichuan (Baoxing County), host plants unknown, coll. K. Guo; 10 apterous viviparous females, 12 July 2002, Shaanxi (Meixian County), No. 13559, host plants unknown, coll. E. B. Ma; 14 apterous viviparous females, July 1936, Taiwan (Shinkwan),PageBreak host plants unknown, coll. R. Takahashi; JAPAN (BMNH): 41 apterous viviparous females, 6 August 1980, Kyoto, Kibune Mt., on Impatiens sp., coll. R. L. Blackman. Parasenecio sp., Impatiens sp., and Senecio scandens.China and Japan.Qiao & Jiang sp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4FE949A7-BF92-425C-BEDC-176EB4CA495Ahttp://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_sinojackiaeChina (Jiangsu and Zhejiang).Sinojackia xylocarpa.The new species is named after its host plant, Apterous viviparous females , 21 May 1985, on Sinojackia xylocarpa, coll. V. F. Eastop (BMNH). Paratypes, 28 apterous viviparous females, 2 alate viviparous females and 8 nymphs, with the same collection data as holotype (BMNH); 9 apterous viviparous females and 11 alate viviparous females, CHINA: Jiangsu , No. Y7116, 10 June 1987, on Sinojackia xylocarpa, coll. T. S. Zhong (NZMC); 1 apterous viviparous female and 1 alate viviparous female, CHINA: Jiangsu , No. Y7116, 10 June 1987, on Sinojackia xylocarpa, coll. T. S. Zhong .Holotype, 1 apterous viviparous female, Sinojackia xylocarpa.The species induced the leaves of host plants to curl and form boat-shaped leaf galls.Aleurodaphis mikaniae: antennal segment III with 10\u201314 secondary rhinaria (Aleurodaphis mikaniae: 24\u201327); first tarsal chaetotaxy: 4, 4, 4, sometimes 3, 3, 3 .The new species differs from the other known speciesas follows: in apterous viviparous female: wax glands arranged in each segment, not connecting with each other ; in alate viviparous female compared to the most similar species  As the detailed biological information is very important to research the taxonomic position of the genus and species identification, the life cycle of the new species will receive further study in future.Sorin & Miyazaki, 2004http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_stewartiaeAleurodaphis stewartiae  Sorin & Miyazaki, 2004: 174.Stewartia monadelpha. Secondary hosts unknown.Primary host: PageBreakfrom the host tree, probably emigrating to some unknown secondary host (The aphid induces a leaf gall, which is formed by rolling the marginal part of the leaf upwards. The gall is about 47.5 long and 7.2 wide, with a surface rough to the touch. The alate viviparous females emerge in early August, and then disappear ary host .Japan ."}
+{"text": "There is an error in the author by-line. Two authors, Leentje Van Lommel and Frans Schuit, were inadvertently omitted. The correct author by-line is: Geert A. Martens, Lei Jiang, Karine H. Hellemans, Geert Stang\u00e9, Harry Heimberg, Finn C. Nielsen, Olivier Sand, Jacques Van Helden, Leentje Van Lommel, Frans Schuit, Frans K. Gorus, and Daniel G. PipeleersBoth Leentje Van Lommel and Frans Schuit are affiliated with Gene Expression Unit, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL).Frans Schuit's contributions were: Conceived and designed the experiments, Performed the experiments, Analyzed the data, Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools.Leentje Van Lommel's contributions were: Performed the experiments."}
+{"text": "AbstractLiolophura japonica, Lottia luchuana, Nerita costata, Nerita rumphii, Diplommatina suganikeiensis, Littoraria undulata, Solenomphala taiwanensis, Assiminea sp., Siphonaria laciniosa, Laevapex nipponica, Carychium hachijoensis, Succinea erythrophana, Zaptyx crassilamellata, and Allopeas pyrgula. In Total, there are 126 species from 71 genera and 45 families of Mollusca on Gueishan Island. These data have been published through GBIF [http://taibif.org.tw/ipt/resource.do?r=gueishan_island] and integrated into the Taiwan Malacofauna Database (http://shell.sinica.edu.tw/).This dataset records the occurrence and inventory of molluscan fauna on Gueishan Island, the only active volcanic island in Taiwan, based on the literature survey and field investigation conducted between 2011 and 2012. The literature review involved seven studies published from 1934 to 2003, which collectively reported 112 species from 61 genera and 37 families of Mollusca on Gueishan Island. Through our field investigation, we identified 34 species from 28 genera and 23 families. Fourteen of these species were new records on Gueishan Island:  Project title: Investigation of molluscan fauna of Gueishan Island, Taiwan.Personnel: Chih-Wei Huang , Ta-Wei Hsiung , Yen-Chen Lee (collection identifier), Si-Min Lin (Project Director), Wen-Lung Wu .PageBreakFunding: Academia Sinica; National Science Council, Executive Yuan, R.O.C.(Taiwan); Forest Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, R.O.C.(Taiwan).Study area descriptions/descriptor: Gueishan Island is located about 10 km from Taiwan. The island was formed via volcanic activity about 1.65 Ma ago and experienced multiple volcanic eruption events until 20 ka ago  and the other of freshwater (Tail Lake) (0 ka ago . It is cil Lake) . Humans Design description: Island species are vulnerable to extinction due to their relatively small population size and limited access to resources. The number of species on an island represents a dynamic equilibrium between immigration and extinction. Volcanic islands provide particularly interesting cases of island biogeography, in that their biota is erased by volcanic activity and recolonized from neighboring regions. Species on Gueishan Island may have under gone several cycles of extinction after volcanic eruption, followed by recolonization from Taiwan when the sea-level dropped during glacial periods. HuPageBreakman activity may also have provided opportunities for colonization of mollusks, either intentionally or accidentally. Investigations of molluscan fauna have been previously conducted on Gueishan Island, but these did not involve a comprehensive examination of land snails. We performed a literature survey using diverse databases, in order to collect previously identified reports on molluscan fauna of Gueishan Island. In addition, we performed field sampling of mollusks in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments during 2011 and 2012 to establish the inventory of molluscan fauna of Gueishan Island. We considered both the topography of the island and the habitats of mollusks during our field investigation. We focused on the terrestrial environment, as the majority of the earlier investigations examined non-terrestrial habitats. In total, our literature survey and field investigation identified 126 species from 71 genera and 45 families of Mollusca on Gueishan Island. This dataset provides basic information on the island\u2019s biodiversity.General taxonomic coverage description: The coverage of this dataset includes 126 species from 71 genera and 45 families of Mollusks of marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments on Gueishan Island (Gastropoda (88.10%), Class Bivalvia (8.73%), Class Cephalopoda (1.59%), and Class Polyplacophora (1.59%). The top five representative families are Cypraeidae , Trochidae , Muricidae , Neritidae , and Littorinidae   .PageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPhylum: MolluscaClass:Bivalvia, Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, PolyplacophoraOrder:Arcoida, Caenogastropoda, Heterobranchia, Neoloricata, Neritimorpha, Octopoda, Ostreoida, Patellogastropoda, Pterioida, Unionoida, Veneroida, VetigastropodaPageBreakFamily:Achatinidae, Aplysiidae, Arcidae,\u00a0Argonautidae,\u00a0Assimineidae, Bradybaenidae, Bursidae, Camaenidae,\u00a0Cardiidae, Chitonidae, Clausiliidae, Columbellidae, Conidae, Corbiculidae, Cypraeidae, Diplommatinidae, Ellobiidae, Fasciolariidae,\u00a0Haliotidae, Littorinidae, Lottiidae, Muricidae, Nassariidae, Neritidae, Octopodidae, Ostreidae, Ovulidae, Patellidae, Pectinidae, Philomycidae, Phyllidiidae, Planaxidae, Planorbidae, Potamididae,\u00a0Pteriidae, Ranellidae, Siphonariidae, Subulinidae, Succineidae, Thiaridae, Trochidae, Turbinellidae, Turbinidae, Unionidae, VeronicellidaeGenus:Achatina, Acusta, Aegista, Allopeas, Aplysia, Argonauta, Assiminea, Astralium, Barbatia, Batillaria, Bradybaena, Bursa, Calliostoma, Calpurnus, Carychium, Cellana, Chicoreus, Chlamys, Chlorostoma, Collisella, Coniglobus, Conus, Corbicula, Crassostrea, Cristaria, Cymatium, Cypraea, Diplommatina, Dolabrifera, Drupa, Ergalatax, Haliotis, Laevapex, Liolophura, Littoraria, Lottia, Lunella, Mancinella, Meghimatium, Monodonta, Morula, Nassarius, Nerita, Nodilittorina, Notoacmea, Octopus, Ovula, Patella, Peristernia, Phyllidia, Pinctada, Planaxis, Pteria, Purpura, Pyrene, Saccostrea, Siphonaria, Solenomphala, Stomatella, Succinea, Tarebia, Tectus, Telasco, Tenguella, Thais, Thiara, Tridacna, Trochus, Vaginulus, Vasum, Zaptyx.General spatial coverage: The spatial coverage of the literature and our field investigation ranged from a latitude of 24\u00b049'48\"N to 24\u00b051'0\"N and a longitude of 121\u00b055'48\"E to 121\u00b057'36\"E. It includes the marine, intertidal, freshwater and terrestrial environment of Gueishan Island, Taiwan  associated with the molluscan fauna of Gueishan Island from the following databases: (1) the National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan (http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw) ; (2) the National Bibliographic Information Network (http://nbinet3.ncl.edu.tw)  ; (4) Google Scholar (http://scholar.google.com.tw/)  ; (5) Thications ). In addications  were ideications  were excField Sampling: The topology of Gueishan Island and the types of mollusk habitat were considered for field investigation. Visual search was conducted for mollusks in intertidal, freshwater and terrestrial environments . All the specimens collected during the field investigation were identified independently by Huang and Hsiung. Seven earlier studies described the mollucan fauna of Gueishan Island, but these publications lack PageBreakclear photos or other information for identifying specimens. Species identification was performed using the following guide books and publications about Taiwan malacofauna: http://www.marinespecies.org/).http://taibif.org.tw/ipt/resource.do?r=gueishan_islandThe data underpinning the analysis reported in this paper are deposited at GBIF, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Dataset description: This dataset incorporates seven publications , Lottia luchuana , Siphonaria laciniosa , Nerita costata Gmelin, 1791, Nerita rumphii Recluz,1841, and Littoraria undulata , which were sampled from the marine environment; Assiminea sp. and Laevapex nipponica , which were discovered in a freshwater environment, Tail Lake; and Solenomphala taiwanensis , Diplommatina suganikeiensis , Carychium hachijoensis Pilsbry, 1902, Zaptyx crassilamellata Kuroda, 1941, Allopeas pyrgula , and Succinea erythrophana Ancey, 1883 discovered in the terrestrial environment. This dataset provide basic information for the island\u2019s biodiversity and biogeography. This dataset will be maintained by the Malacology Lab, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica.ications  associatObject name: Darwin Core Archive Molluscan fauna of Gueishan Island, TaiwanPageBreakCharacter encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0Distribution:http://taibif.org.tw/ipt/archive.do?r=gueishan_islandPublication date of data: 2012-12-21Language: EnglishLicenses of use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CCZero 1.0 License http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcodeMetadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 2012-09-21Hierarchy level: Dataset"}
+{"text": "We, scientists from a variety of disciplines, declare the following:Parties to the Stockholm Convention have taken action on three brominated flame retardants that have been listed in the treaty for global elimination. These substances include components of commercial penta-bromodiphenyl ether and commercial octa-bromodiphenyl ether, along with hexabromobiphenyl. Another brominated flame retardant, hexabromocyclododecane, is under evaluation.Many commonly used brominated and chlorinated flame retardants can undergo long-range environmental transport.Many brominated and chlorinated flame retardants appear to be persistent and bioaccumulative, resulting in food chain contamination, including human milk.Many brominated and chlorinated flame retardants lack adequate toxicity information, but the available data raises concerns.Many different types of brominated and chlorinated flame retardants have been incorporated into products even though comprehensive toxicological information is lacking.Brominated and chlorinated flame retardants present in a variety of products are released to the indoor and outdoor environments.Near-end-of-life and end-of-life electrical and electronic products are a growing concern as a result of dumping in developing countries, which results in the illegal transboundary movement of their hazardous constituents. These include brominated and chlorinated flame retardants.There is a lack of capacity to handle electronic waste in an environ-mentally sound manner in almost all developing countries and countries with economies in transition, leading to the release of hazardous substances that cause harm to human health and the environment. These substances include brominated and chlorinated flame retardants.Brominated and chlorinated flame retardants can increase fire toxicity, but their overall benefit in improving fire safety has not been proven.When brominated and chlorinated flame retardants burn, highly toxic dioxins and furans are formed.Therefore, these data support the following:Brominated and chlorinated flame retardants as classes of substances are a concern for persistence, bioaccumulation, long-range transport, and toxicity.There is a need to improve the availability of and access to information on brominated and chlorinated flame retardants and other chemicals in products in the supply chain and throughout each product\u2019s life cycle.Consumers can play a role in the adoption of alternatives to harmful flame retardants if they are made aware of the presence of the substances, for example, through product labeling.The process of identifying alternatives to flame retardants should include not only alternative chemicals but also innovative changes in the design of products, industrial processes, and other practices that do not require the use of any flame retardant.Efforts should be made to ensure that current and alternative chemical flame retardants do not have hazardous properties, such as mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, or adverse effects on the reproductive, developmental, endocrine, immune, or nervous systems.When seeking exemptions for certain applications of flame retardants, the party requesting the exemption should supply some information indicating why the exemption is technically or scien-tifically necessary and why potential alternatives are not technically or scientifically viable; a description of potential alternative processes, products, materials, or systems that eliminate the need for the chemical; and a list of sources researched.Wastes containing flame retardants with persistent organic pollutant (POP) characteristics, including products and articles, should be disposed of in such a way that the POP content is destroyed or irreversibly transformed so that they do not exhibit the charac-teristics of POPs.Flame retardants with POP characteristics should not be permitted to be subjected to disposal operations that may lead to recovery, recycling, reclamation, direct reuse, or alternative uses of the substances.Wastes containing flame retardants with POP properties should not be transported across international boundaries unless it is for disposal in such a way that the POP content is destroyed or irreversibly transformed.It is important to consider product stewardship and extended producer responsibility aspects in the life-cycle management of products containing flame retardants with POP properties, including electronic and electrical products.San Antonio Statement on Brominated and Chlorinated Flame RetardantsSignatories as of publication date. Institutions are for identification purposes only.Sam Adu-Kumi, M.S., Deputy Director, Environmental Protection Agency, Accra, GhanaBj\u00f6rn Albinson, Fire Protection Engineer (retired), Karlstad, SwedenHenrik Alm, M.S., Doctoral Student, Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenMisha Askren, M.D., F.A.A.F.P., Physician, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, CA, USARalph Baker, M.S., Ph.D., Chief Scientist, TerraTherm Inc., Fitchburg, MA, USAJohn Balmes, M.D., Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA, and Professor of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USAScott Bartell, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USAGeorg Becher, Ph.D., Department Director and Professor, Analytical Chemistry, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, NorwayDavid C. Bellinger, Ph.D., Professor, Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USAStephen Bent, M.D., Associate Professor of Medicine, Psychiatry, Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA\u00c5ke Bergman, Ph.D., Professor, Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden, and Board Member, International Panel on Chemical Pollution, Z\u00fcrich, SwitzerlandAnders Bignert, Ph.D., Professor, Contaminant Research, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, SwedenJustina Bj\u00f6rklund, M.S., Graduate Student, Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SwedenArlene Blum, Ph.D., Visiting Scholar, Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USAChristian Bogdal, Ph.D., Researcher, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Z\u00fcrich, SwitzerlandPhil Brown, Ph.D., Professor, Sociology and Environmental Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USADavid Camann, M.S., Staff Scientist, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USACarmela Centeno, M.S., Ph.D., Industrial Development Officer, United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna, AustriaIbrahim Chahoud, Ph.D., Professor of Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyEliza Chin, M.D., M.P.H., President, American Medical Women\u2019s Association, Philadelphia, PA, USABrock Chittim, M.S., General Manager, Wellington Laboratories, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaCarsten Christophersen, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkBradley Clarke, Ph.D., Research Fellow, Imperial College, London, United KingdomTheo Colborn, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USAKathleen Collins, Ph.D., Professor, Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USATerrence Collins, Ph.D., Teresa Heinz Professor of Green Chemistry and Director of the Institute for Green Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USAAdrian Covaci, Ph.D., Professor, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumCraig Criddle, Ph.D., Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USAMargarita Curras-Collazo, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USAKyle D\u2019Silva, Ph.D., Product Manager, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Dreieich, GermanyDevra Davis, M.A., Ph.D., M.P.H, Visiting Professor, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA, and Founder, Environmental Health Trust, Teton Village, WY, USAJoao De Assuncao, M.S., Ph.D., Professor and Department Head, Environmental Health, University of Sao Paulo School of Public Health, Sao Paulo, BrazilCynthia A. de Wit, Ph.D., Professor, Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SwedenMike Denison, Ph.D., Professor of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USAMiriam Diamond, Ph.D., Professor, Geography, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaJoseph DiGangi, Ph.D., Senior Scientist and Technical Advisor, International POPs Elimination Network, Berkeley, CA, USAAlin Dirtu, Ph.D., Researcher, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumMichelle Douskey, Ph.D., Lecturer, Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkley, CA, USAAnne Ehrlich, Ph.D., Senior Research Scientist, Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USADavid Epel, Ph.D., Jane & Marshall Steel Jr. Professor Emeritus in Marine Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USABrenda Eskenazi, M.A., Ph.D., Jennifer and Brian Maxwell Professor of Maternal Health and Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USATim Evans, Ph.D., Cancer Registration Information Manager, West Midlands Cancer Intelligence Unit, Birmingham, United KingdomPeter Fantke, Ph.D., Research Associate, Institute of Energy Economics and the Rational Use of Energy, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GermanyJoseph Gardella Jr., Ph.D., Professor and Larkin Chair of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USAPhilip Germansderfer, D.Sc., International Marketing Sales, Fluid Managment Systems, Watertown, MA, USAGillian Gibson, M.Sc., Environmental Scientist, Gibson Consulting and Training, Cheshire, United KingdomAndreas Gies, Ph.D., Director and Professor, Department for Environmental Hygiene, Federal Environment Agency, Berlin, GermanyRobert Gould, M.D., President, San Francisco Bay Area Chapter of Physicians for Social Responsibility, Berkeley, CA, USAKonstanze Grote, Ph.D., Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charit\u00e9 University Medical School Berlin, Berlin, GermanyRui Guo, Ministry of Environment, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaJana Hajslova, Ph.D., Head of Department of Food Analysis, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech RepublicRalph Hall, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA, USABruce Hammock, Ph.D., Professor, Entomology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USATran Thi Tuyet Hanh, M.P.H., Lecturer in Environmental Health, Hanoi School of Public Health, Hanoi, VietnamKim Harley, Ph.D., Associate Director, Center for Children\u2019s Environmental Health Research, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USAStuart Harrad, Ph.D., Professor, Environmental Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United KingdomRobert Harrison, M.D., M.P.H., Clinical Professor, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USALine Smastuen Haug, Doctoral Student, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, NorwayYasuhiro Hirai, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Environment Preservation Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanIvan Holoubek, Ph.D., Director and Professor, Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Brno, Czech RepublicRon Hoogenboom, Ph.D., Toxicologist, RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, the Netherlands, and Board Member, International Panel on Chemical Pollution, Z\u00fcrich, SwitzerlandDavid Hope, CEO, Pacific Rim Laboratories, Surrey, British Columbia, CanadaWilliam J. Hirzy, Ph.D., Chemist in Residence, American University, Washington, DC, USAHeinrich Huehnerfuss, Ph.D., Professor, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, GermanyAlastair Iles, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USATomohiko Isobe, Ph.D., Senior Research Fellow, Ehime University, Matsuyama City, JapanKristina Jakobsson, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, SwedenSarah Janssen, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., Senior Scientist, Natural Resources Defense Council, New York City, NY, USANiklas Johansson, Scientist, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SwedenCatherine Karr, M.D., Ph.D., M.S., Assistant Professor and Director, Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USADonald Kennedy, Ph.D., Bing Professor of Environmental Science, Emeritus, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA, and Editor Emeritus, ScienceSergio Kuriyama, Ph.D., Guest Scientist, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Fiocruz, BrazilJames Leckie, M.S., Ph.D., C.L. Peck, Class of 1906 Professor of Engineering and Director, Center for Sustainable Development and Global Competitiveness, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USAPamela Lein, Ph.D., Professor, Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USAJuliana Leonel, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Researcher, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, BrazilMark Levine, Ph.D., Leader, China Energy Group, and Former Director, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USADonald Lucas, Ph.D., Deputy Director, Environment, Health, and Safety Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USARichard Luthy, Ph.D., Silas H. Palmer Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USAKarl Mair, D.Sc., Senior Scientist, Eco Research SRL, Bolzano, ItalyGovindan Malarvannan, Ph.D., Research Fellow, Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama City, JapanJohn Meeker, M.S., Sc.D., Assistant Professor, Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USARichard Meigs, P.E., Senior Principal Engineer, RJR Engineering, Ventura, CA, USAMark Miller, M.D., M.P.H., Director, Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, and Assistant Clinical Professor, Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USAPaolo Mocarelli, M.D., Professor and Director, Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, ItalyRachel Morello-Frosch, M.P.H., Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USAJochen Mueller, Ph.D., Professor, University of Queensland, Brisbane, AustraliaTom Muir, M.S., Retired, Environment Canada, Qu\u00e9bec City, Quebec, CanadaMartin Mulvihill, Ph.D., Associate Director for Education and Outreach, Center for Green Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USAAnbu Munasamy, M.S., Ph.D., National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology\u2013Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Thiruvananthapuran, Kerala, IndiaRichard Murphy, Ph.D., Director of Science and Education, Jean-Michel Cousteau Ocean Futures Society, Santa Barbara, CA, USATakeshi Nakano, Ph.D., Research Professor, Center for Advanced Science and Innovation, Osaka University, Osaka, JapanShoji Nakayama, M.D., Ph.D., National Research Council Associate, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USAAmgalan Natsagdorj, Ph.D., Department Head, Environmental Chemistry, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaWilliam Nazaroff, Ph.D., Daniel Tellep Distinguished Professor and Vice Chair for Academic Affairs, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USAJohn Neuberger, Dr.Ph., M.P.H., M.B.A., Professor, Preventative Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USAJessica Norrgran, Doctoral Student, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SwedenFardin Oliaei, Ph.D., M.P.A., Consultant, Cambridge EnviroScience Consulting, LLC, Cambridge, MA, USAKees Olie, Ph.D., Associate Professor, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsOlaf Paepke, Ph.D., Eurofins, Hamburg, GermanyVictoria Persky, M.D., Professor, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USAAgneta Rannug, Ph.D., Professor, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SwedenUlf Rannug, Ph.D., Professor, Genetics, Microbiology and Toxicology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SwedenEric Reiner, Ph.D., Senior Research Scientist, Ontario Ministry of Environment, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaMartin Reinhard, Ph.D., Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USAKaren Rice, M.D., Physician, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Walnut Creek Kaiser, Walnut Creek, CA, USARobert H. Rice, Ph.D., Professor of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USAAnthony Roach, Ph.D., Senior Research Scientist, Government of New South Wales, Sydney, AustraliaDavid Roberts, Ph.D., William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Astrophysics, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USAMary Roberts, Ph.D., Professor, Chemistry, Boston College, Boston, MA, USAChristina Ruden, Ph.D., Professor, Philosophy and the History of Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SwedenCindy Lee Russell, M.D., Vice President of Community Health, Santa Clara County Medical Association, San Jose, CA, USAKenneth Sauer, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USAArnold Schecter, M.D., M.P.H., Professor, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USAMartin Scheringer, D.Sc., Senior Scientist, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland, and Board Member, International Panel on Chemical Pollution, Z\u00fcrich, SwitzerlandTed Schettler, M.D., M.P.H., Science Director, Science and Environmental Health Network, Ames, IA, USAKarl-Werner Schramm, Ph.D., Professor and Chair, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, GermanyMegan Schwarzman, M.D., M.P.H., Research Scientist, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA, and Associate Physician, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USASusan D. Shaw, Dr.PH., Director, Marine Environmental Research Institute, Blue Hill, ME, USAHeather Stapleton, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USAKristina Sundqvist, Ph.D., Project Assistant, Chemistry, Ume\u00e5 University, Ume\u00e5, SwedenPatrice Sutton, M.P.H., Research Scientist, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USAShanna Swan, Ph.D., Professor and Associate Chair for Research, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Director, Center for Reproductive Epidemiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USATakumi Takasuga, Ph.D., Director, Shimadzu Techno-Research Inc., Kyoto, JapanChris Talsness, D.V.M., Working Group Leader in Reproductive Toxicology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyCathrine Thomsen, Ph.D., Senior Scientist, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, NorwayGregg Tomy, Ph.D., Adjunct Assistant Professor, Fisheries and Oceans, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaJoao Paulo Machado Torres, Sc.D., Associate Professor, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilJames Trosko, Ph.D., Professor, Pediatrics and Human Development, Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USAMary Turyk, Ph.D., M.P.H., Research Assistant Professor, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USAGunther Umlauf, Ph.D., European Commission Joint Research Center, Ispra, ItalyBryan Vining, Ph.D., Analytical Perspectives, Wilmington, NC, USAQiuquan Wang, Ph.D., Professor of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen, ChinaYawei Wang, Ph.D., Research Center for Eco Environmental Science, Beijing, ChinaJulie Shu-Li Wang, Ph.D., Investigator, National Health Research Institute, Taipei, TaiwanRosemary Waring, Ph.D., Honorary Reader, Human Toxicology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United KingdomThomas F. Webster, D.Sc., Associate Professor and Associate Chair, Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USACharles Weschler, Ph.D., Adjunct Professor, UMDNJ\u2013Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA, and Continuing Visiting Professor, International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, DenmarkStevie Wilding, Chemist, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 3, Philadelphia, PA, USADuane Wilding, M.E., Senior Engineer, Maryland Environmental Service, Millersville, MD, USAGayle Windham, Ph.D., Researcher, Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Centers, Research Triangle Park, NC, USATracey Woodruff, Ph.D., M.P.H., Associate Professor and Director, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USAJae-Ho Yang, M.D., M.P.H., Professor, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, KoreaTom Young, M.P.P., Ph.D., Professor, Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USABin Zhao, Doctoral Student, Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USAR. Thomas Zoeller, M.A., Ph.D., Professor, Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA, USAAmi Zota, Sc.D., Postdoctoral Scholar, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, CA, USA(212 KB) PDFAbbreviations and an Annotated StatementClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Following the publication of this article , we obseThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.MF, VEV, JRC, CF, AM, CFF, JRB, JAC, CBMM., HMJ, NM, WS and LCA designed research, analyzed data, and wrote the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."}
+{"text": "Background: Longer CAG repeat length is associated with faster clinical progression in Huntington disease, although the effect of higher repeat length on brain atrophy is not well documented. Method: Striatal volumes were obtained from MRI scans of 720 individuals with prodromal Huntington disease. Striatal volume was plotted against age separately for groups with CAG repeat lengths of 38\u201339, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, and 47\u201354. Results: Slopes representing the association between age and striatal volume were significantly steeper as CAG repeat length increased. Discussion: Although cross-sectional, these data suggest that striatal atrophy, like clinical progression, may occur faster with higher CAG repeat lengths. It has long been known that greater CAG repeat lengths are associated with earlier onset of illness, especially for individuals with particularly high repeat number. More recent evidence demonstrates that higher CAG repeat lengths are also associated with faster clinical progression. Rosenblatt et al. The analyses presented here are based on baseline MRI data from participants of PREDICT-HD, a multi-site, longitudinal study of prodromal HD. The sample included 720 participants who tested positive for the HD gene mutation (CAG repeat lengths ranging from 38 to 54), but had not been diagnosed with the motor signs of HD at the time of study enrollment . An additional 206 participants were offspring of a parent with HD but who themselves had tested negative for the HD gene mutation (\u201ccontrols\u201d). All aspects of the study were approved by the Institutional Review Board at each participating institution, they were in compliance with the code of Ethics of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, and all participants gave written informed consent.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 All MRI scans were obtained using a standard multi-modal protocol that included a 3D volumetric spoiled gradient echo series and a dual echo proton density/T2 series. Scans were processed at The University of Iowa using an automated procedure implemented in BRAINS \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Analyses were performed to examine the association between age and striatal volume in each of nine groups defined by CAG repeat length . Each CAG group had at least 34 participants. Table\u00a01 presents demographics and clinical scores for participants in each CAG group. Within each group, a linear regression was performed to examine the association between age and striatal volume . The slopes resulting from each of these nine regressions were then correlated with CAG group (using Spearman correlation). This analysis was designed to determine whether the slope of the regressions for age and striatal volume became steeper with increasing CAG repeat length. For each CAG repeat group, a separate linear regression was also performed that included age  and the quadratic term of age as predictors to explore the possibility of a curvilinear relationship between age and striatal volume.Table 1. Sample description and R2 of regression between age and striatal volume for each CAG group.2s ranging from 0.14 to 0.51, all p values < 0.005) but variable, with lower R2s generally observed for the lowest CAG repeat lengths. The slope for each group  was highly associated with CAG group , with higher CAG repeat numbers associated with steeper slope, at least up through CAG = 44. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Figure 1 shows the regression for each group depicting the association between age and striatal volume . These regressions were all highly significant , although this was due to a single outlier. When this outlier was removed, the addition of the age2 factor did not result in an increased significance in the model that was based on age alone . Although not quite reaching significance , the curve for the CAG = 38\u201339 group suggested a slightly steeper decline for older subjects than younger subjects. A significant effect of age2 was not observed in any other groups . \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The quadratic effect of age in the linear regression model was statistically significant for CAG = 46 group (n = 13) including both affected and prodromal individuals, Henley et al. n = 62), the same group found that an increase of CAG repeat length by one was associated with an increase in whole-brain atrophy rate of 0.12% per year\u00a0Although based on cross-sectional data, our analyses suggest that increased CAG repeat length is associated with faster progression of striatal atrophy in prodromal HD, at least up through CAG = 44. Although it is clearly established that CAG repeat length has an effect on age at onset of HD n = 211 t = \u22122.64, p = 0.009) and total striatum , with a trend toward a significant association for putamen . No significant associations were observed for any other regions . Taken together with results from the current study, these findings yield evidence suggesting that rate of striatal atrophy is faster in individuals with higher CAG repeat lengths. Our results are not surprising, given previous research in affected patients with HD demonstrating that (a) faster rate of clinical progression is associated with higher CAG repeat number Our results are consistent with analyses of longitudinal data from a subsample of the current cross-sectional sample n = 211  that revy-intercept is below that of the other CAG groups . There is also a lack of cases with very high CAG repeat lengths, as these individuals usually have childhood onset and would not, therefore, qualify for a study of adult prodromal HD. If it were possible to include prodromal individuals younger than 18 years, striatal volumes for those with large CAG repeat lengths might be higher than those in the current study, resulting in even steeper slopes for these groups. Thus, our finding of similar association between age and striatal volume in the groups with CAG > 44 may not be valid across the entire age range. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A major strength of the current study is its large sample size. Although the findings presented here are based on cross-sectional baseline data, it is expected that longitudinal results would be similar, as the regression between age and striatal volume for a given CAG repeat length can be assumed to be a good estimate of the trajectory of atrophy for the average participant within that CAG group. Lack of very young participants (< 18 years) may skew the data somewhat, especially for the longer CAG groups, where the p = 0.07) suggests that striatal atrophy remains fairly normal for prodromal individuals with relatively low CAG repeat lengths until they are older adults, at which time atrophy increases. This would be consistent with the fact that these individuals are usually not diagnosed until fairly late in life.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 It is also noteworthy that the slope for the group with CAG = 38\u201339 is basically the same as for the control group, although absolute values for striatal volumes are lower. The age range for the two groups is similar and the results were not biased by any obvious outliers. The trend for a curvilinear relationship between age and striatal volume  and CHDI Foundation, Inc.The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.PREDICT-HD Investigators, Coordinators, Motor Raters, Cognitive RatersSteering CommitteeJane Paulsen, PhD, Principal Investigator, Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD, Douglas Langbehn, MD, PhD, Hans Johnson, PhD, Megan Smith, PhD, Janet Williams, PhD, RN, FAAN ; Elizabeth Aylward, PhD ; Kevin Biglan, MD ; Blair Leavitt, MD ; Marcy MacDonald, PhD ; Martha Nance, MD ; Jean Paul Vonsattel, PhD . Scientific SectionsBio Markers: Blair Leavitt, MDCM, FRCPC (Chair) and Michael Hayden, PhD (University of British Columbia); Stefano DiDonato, MD ; Ken Evans, PhD (Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network); Wayne Matson, PhD ; Asa Peterson, MD, PhD , Sarah Tabrizi, PhD . Cognitive: Deborah Harrington, PhD , Tamara Hershey, PhD (Washington University Cognitive Science Battery Development); Holly Westervelt, PhD , Jennifer Davis, PhD, Pete Snyder, PhD, and Geoff Tremont, PhD, MS ; Megan Smith, PhD , David J. Moser, PhD, Leigh J. Beglinger, PhD (University of Iowa); Lucette Cysique, PhD ; Carissa Gehl, PhD ; Robert K. Heaton, PhD, David Moore, PhD, Joanne Hamilton, PhD, and David Salmon, PhD ; Kirsty Matheson (University of Aberdeen); Paula Shear, PhD (University of Cincinnati); Karen Siedlecki, PhD (Fordham University); Glenn Smith, PhD (Mayo Clinic); and Marleen Van Walsem (EHDN).Functional Assessment: Janet Williams, PhD (Co-Chair), Leigh J. Beglinger, PhD, Anne Leserman, MSW, LISW, Justin O\u2019Rourke, MA, Bradley Brossman, MA, Eunyoe Ro, MA (University of Iowa); Rebecca Ready, PhD (University of Massachusetts); Anthony Vaccarino, PhD (Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network); Sarah Farias, PhD ; Noelle Carlozzi, PhD ; and Carissa Gehl, PhD .Genetics: Marcy MacDonald, PhD (Co-Chair), Jim Gusella, PhD, and Rick Myers, PhD ; Michael Hayden, PhD (University of British Columbia); Tom Wassink, MD (Co-Chair) and Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD (University of Iowa).Imaging:Administrative: Ron Pierson, PhD (Chair), Kathy Jones, BS, Jacquie Marietta, BS, William McDowell, AA, Steve Dunn, BA, Greg Harris, BS, Eun Young Kim, MS, and Yong Qiang Zhao, PhD (University of Iowa); John Ashburner, PhD ; Vince Calhoun, PhD (University of New Mexico); Steve Potkin, MD ; Klaas Stephan, MD, PhD (University College of London); and Arthur Toga, PhD .Striatal: Elizabeth Aylward, PhD  and Kurt Weaver, PhD .Surface Analysis: Peg Nopoulos, MD (Chair), Eric Axelson, BSE, and Jeremy Bockholt, BS (University of Iowa).Shape Analysis: Christopher A. Ross (Chair), MD, PhD, Michael Miller, PhD, and Sarah Reading, MD (Johns Hopkins University); Mirza Faisal Beg, PhD (Simon Fraser University).DTI: Vincent A. Magnotta, PhD ; Karl Helmer, PhD ; Kelvin Lim, MD ; Mark Lowe, PhD (Cleveland Clinic); Sasumu Mori, PhD (Johns Hopkins University); Allen Song, PhD (Duke University); and Jessica Turner, PhD . fMRI: Steve Rao, PhD (Chair), Erik Beall, PhD, Katherine Koenig, PhD, Mark Lowe, PhD, Michael Phillips, MD, Christine Reece, BS, and Jan Zimbelman, PhD, PT (Cleveland Clinic).Motor: Kevin Biglan, MD (University of Rochester), Karen Marder, MD (Columbia University), and Jody Corey-Bloom, MD, PhD  all Co-Chairs; Michael Geschwind, MD, PhD ; and Ralf Reilmann, MD .Psychiatric: Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD (Chair), Nancy Downing, RN, MSN, Jess Fiedorowicz, MD, Robert Robinson, MD, and Megan Smith, PhD (University of Iowa); Karen Anderson, MD (University of Maryland); David Craufurd, MD (University of Manchester); Mark Groves, MD (Columbia University); Anthony Vaccarino, PhD and Ken Evans, PhD (Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network); Hugh Rickards, MD ; and Eric van Duijn, MD .Core SectionsStatistics: Douglas Langbehn, MD, PhD (Chair) and James Mills, MEd, MS (University of Iowa); and David Oakes, PhD (University of Rochester).Recruitment/Retention: Martha Nance, MD ; Anne Leserman, MSW, LISW, Stacie Vik, BA, Christine Anderson, BA, Nick Doucette, BA, Kelly Herwig, BA, MS, Mycah Kimble, BA, Pat Ryan, MSW, LISW, MA, Jessica Schumacher, BA, Kelli Thumma, BA, and Elijah Waterman, BA (University of Iowa); and Norm Reynolds, MD .Ethics: Cheryl Erwin, JD, PhD, ; Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD and Janet Williams, PhD (University of Iowa); and Martha Nance, MD (University of Minnesota).IT/Management: Hans Johnson, PhD (Chair), R.J. Connell, BS, Paul Allen, AASC, Sudharshan Reddy Bommu, MS, Karen Pease, BS, Ben Rogers, BA, BSCS, Jim Smith, AS, Kent Williams, BSA, MCS, MS, Shuhua Wu, MCS, and Roland Zschiegner (University of Iowa).Program ManagementAdministrative: Chris Werling-Witkoske (Chair), Karla Anderson, BS, Kristine Bjork, BA, Ann Dudler, Jamy Schumacher, Sean Thompson, BA (University of Iowa).Financial: Steve Blanchard, MSHA (Co-Chair), Machelle Henneberry, and Kelsey Montross, BA (University of Iowa).Peg Nopoulos, MD, Robert Rodnitzky, MD, Ergun Uc, MD, BA, Leigh J. Beglinger, PhD, Vincent A. Magnotta, PhD, Stephen Cross, BA, Nicholas Doucette, BA, Andrew Juhl, BS, Jessica Schumacher, BA, Mycah Kimble, BA, Pat Ryan, MS, MA, Jessica Wood, MD, PhD, Eric A. Epping, MD, PhD, Thomas Wassink, MD, and Teri Thomsen, MD ;David Ames, MD, Edmond Chiu, MD, Phyllis Chua, MD, Olga Yastrubetskaya, PhD, Joy Preston, Anita Goh, D.Psych, and Angela Komiti, BS, MA ; Lynn Raymond, MD, PhD, Rachelle Dar Santos, BSc, Joji Decolongon, MSC, and David Weir, BSc ; Adam Rosenblatt, MD, Christopher A. Ross, MD, PhD, Barnett Shpritz, BS, MA, OD, and Claire Welsh ; William M. Mallonee, MD and Greg Suter, BA ; Ali Samii, MD, Hillary Lipe, ARNP, and Kurt Weaver, PhD ; Randi Jones, PhD, Cathy Wood-Siverio, MS, Stewart A. Factor, DO, and Claudia Testa, MD, PhD ; Roger A. Barker, BA, MBBS, MRCP, Sarah Mason, BSC, Anna Goodman, PhD, and Anna DiPietro ;Elizabeth McCusker, MD, Jane Griffith, RN, and Kylie Richardson, PhD ; Bernhard G. Landwehrmeyer, MD, Daniel Ecker, MD, Patrick Weydt, MD, Michael Orth MD, PhD, Sigurd S\u00fc\u03b2muth, MD, RN, Katrin Barth, RN, and Sonja Trautmann, RN ;Kimberly Quaid, PhD, Melissa Wesson, MS, and Joanne Wojcieszek, MD ;Mark Guttman, MD, Alanna Sheinberg, BA, Adam Singer, and Janice Stober, BA, BSW ; Susan Perlman, MD and Arik Johnson, PsyD ; Michael D. Geschwind, MD, PhD and Jon Gooblar, BA ;Tom Warner, MD, PhD, Stefan Kl\u00f6ppel, MD, Maggie Burrows, RN, BA, Marianne Novak, MD, Thomasin Andrews, MD, BSC, MRCP, Elisabeth Rosser, MBBS, FRCP, and Sarah Tabrizi, BSC, PhD ; Anne Rosser, MD, PhD, MRCP and Kathy Price, RN ; Amy Chesire, LCSW-R, MSG, Frederick Marshall, MD, and Mary Wodarski, BA ; Oksana Suchowersky, MD, FRCPC, Sarah Furtado, MD, PhD, FRCPC, and Mary Lou Klimek, RN, BN, MA ; Peter Panegyres, MB, BS, PhD, Carmela Connor, BP, MP, DP, and Elizabeth Vuletich, BSC ; Joel Perlmutter, MD and Stacey Barton, MSW, LCSW ; Sheila A. Simpson, MD, Daniela Rae, RN, and Zosia Miedzybrodzka, PhD ; David Craufurd, MD, Ruth Fullam, BSC, and Elizabeth Howard, MD  Pietro Mazzoni, MD, PhD, Karen Marder, MD, MPH, Carol Moskowitz, MS, and Paula Wasserman, MA ; Diane Erickson, RN, Dawn Miracle, BS, MS, and Rajeev Kumar, MD ; Vicki Wheelock, MD, Terry Tempkin, RNC, MSN, Nicole Mans, BA, MS, and Kathleen Baynes, PhD ; Joseph Jankovic, MD, Christine Hunter, RN, CCRC, and William Ondo, MD ; Justo Garcia de Yebenes, MD, Monica Bascunana Garde, Marta Fatas, BA, and Jose Luis L\u00f3penz Sendon, MD ; Martha Nance, MD, Dawn Radtke, RN, and David Tupper, PhD ; Wayne Martin, MD, Pamela King, BScN, RN, and Satwinder Sran, BSC ; Anwar Ahmed, PhD, Stephen Rao, PhD, Christine Reece, BS, Janice Zimbelman, PhD, PT, Alexandra Bea, BA, and Emily Newman, BA ;"}
+{"text": "Three authors were indicated as having the incorrect affiliations. These authors and their correct affiliations are as follows:Marta Rusmini: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, IRCCS, Giannina Gaslini Istitute, Genoa, Italy, Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyIvana Matera: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, IRCCS, Giannina Gaslini Istitute, Genoa, Italy, Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyRoberto Ravazzolo: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, IRCCS, Giannina Gaslini Istitute, Genoa, Italy, DINOGMI Department, University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}
+{"text": "J. Appl. Cryst. (2013), 46, 1031\u20131037] are corrected.Errors in the paper by Kanaki, Jackson, Hall-Wilton, Piscitelli, Kirstein & Andersen  are corrected.Errors in the paper by Kanaki, Jackson, Hall-Wilton, Piscitelli, Kirstein & Andersen [ The correct equation isIn equation (5) of Kanaki  al. 2013, a factoet al.  of Kanaki  al. 2013, the bra"}
+{"text": "There was an error in the published author order. The correct by line is:Ruth B. Lathi, Jamie A. M. Massie, Megan Loring, Zachary P. Demko, David Johnson, Styrmir Sigurjonsson, George Gemelos, Matthew Rabinowitz.The correct citation is:Lathi RB, Massie JAM, Loring M, Demko ZP, Johnson D, et al. (2012) Informatics Enhanced SNP Microarray Analysis of 30 Miscarriage Samples Compared to Routine Cytogenetics. PLoS ONE 7(3): e31282."}
+{"text": "Kenneth N. Timmis (Editor-in-Chief), Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124Braunschweig, Germany. Tel.: +49 531 6181 4000; Fax: +49 531 6181 4199;kti@helmholtz-hzi.dee-mail: Juan L. Ramos, Estaci\u00f3n Experimental del Zaid\u00edn \u2013 CSIC, C/ Prof. Albareda, 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain.Tel.: +34 958 181 608; Fax: +34 958 135 740;jlramos@eez.csic.ese-mail: Willem M. de Vos, Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10Building 316, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.Tel.: +31 317 483 100; Fax: +31 317 483 829;willem.deVos@wur.nle-mail: Willy Verstraete, Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Tel.: +32 9264 5976;Fax: +32 9264 6248;willy.verstraete@ugent.bee-mail: Martin Rosenberg, Research & Development, Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Madison, WI 53711-5399, USA.martin.rosenberg@promega.come-mail: REVIEWS AND SPECIAL ISSUE EDITORJuan L. Ramos, Estaci\u00f3n Experimentaldel Zaid\u00edn, Granada, SpainWEB ALERTSLarry Wackett, University of Minnesota, St Paul, USALars Angenent, USASteven A. Banwart, UKShimshon Belkin, IsraelGiovanni Bertoni, ItalyIan Booth, UKUwe Bornscheuer, GermanyMichael Bott, GermanyHarald Brussow, SwitzerlandRita Colwell, USAMilton Costa, PortugalJiri Damborsky, Czech ReplublicCraig Daniels, CanadaEduardo Diaz, SpainGerrit Eggink, GermanyThomas Egli, SwitzerlandRomilio Espejo, ChileManuel Ferrer, SpainJulia Foght, CanadaJim K Fredrickson, USAMichael Galperin, USAJose Luis Garcia, SpainHarry Gilbert, UKBernardo Gonzalez, ChileGuido Grandi, ItalyMiguel G. Guerrero, SpainCarlos A. Guzman, GermanyKen Hammel, USABernhard Hauer, GermanyTerry C. 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Wood, USAGary Woodnutt, USAMichail Yakimov, ItalyLiping Zhao, ChinaMicrobial Biotechnology publishes papers of original research reporting significant advances in any aspect of microbial applications, including, but not limited to biotechnologies related to:microbial communities: structure:function relationships and communal behaviorGreen chemistryPrimary metabolitesFood, beverages and supplementsSecondary metabolites and natural productsPharmaceuticalsDiagnosticsAgricultureBioenergyBiomining, including oil recovery and processingBioremediationBiopolymers, biomaterialsBionanotechnologyBiosurfactants and bioemulsifiersCompatible solutes and bioprotectantsBiosensors, monitoring systems, quantitative microbial risk assessmentTechnology developmentProtein engineeringFunctional genomicsMetabolic engineeringMetabolic designSystems analysis, modellingProcess engineeringBiologically-based analytical methodsMicrobially based strategies in public healthMicrobially based strategies to influence global processesOpen Access and Copyright. 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+{"text": "Biol. 377 (2013) 305\u2013317]\u201cLack of a, Anton Crombacha, Karl Richard Wottona, Damjan Cicin-Saina, Svetlana Surkovab, Chea Lu Limc, Maria Samsonovab, Michael Akamc, Johannes Jaegera,c,*Hilde JanssensaEMBL/CRG Research Unit in Systems Biology, CRG\u2014Centre de Regulaci\u00f2 Gen\u00f2mica, and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, SpainbDepartment of Computational Biology, Center for Advanced Studies, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, 29 Polytehnicheskaya Street, St. Petersburg 195251, RussiacDepartment of Zoology, Downing Street, Cambridge CB23EJ, UKThe articles mentioned above were meant to be published back to back as companion papers in the same issue.*Corresponding authors.E-mail addresses: samson@spbcas.ru (M. Samsonova), yogi.jaeger@crg.eu, yoginho@gmail.com (J. Jaeger)."}
+{"text": "AbstractMonema Walker, 1855 are recognized from China, in which Monema tanaognatha Wu & Pan sp. n. is described as new, Monema coralina Dudgeon, 1895 and Monema meyi Solovyev & Witt, 2009 are newly recorded for China. The female of Monema meyi is reported for the first time. Monema nigrans de Joannis, 1901 and Monema melli Hering, 1931 are synonymized with Monema flavescens Walker, 1855. Cnidocampa rubriceps Matsumura, 1931 is regarded here as a subspecies of Monema flavescens Walker, 1855. The photographs of moths and their genitalia are given. A key to the species of the genus is provided.Four species and one subspecies of the genus  Monema was erected by Walker in 1855, based on the type species, Monema flavescens Walker, 1855.The genus PageBreakMonema flavescens Walker, 1855, Monema nigrans de Joannis, 1901, Monema coralina Dudgeon, 1895, Monema rubriceps , Monema melli Hering, 1931 and Monema meyi Solovyev & Witt, 2009 and it is distributed in Nepal, Bhutan, China, Far East of Russia, Korea, Japan, and northern Vietnam , Beijing, P. R. China. All types of new species are deposited in IZCASPhotographs of moths and their genitalia were captured using Canon-EOS-7D with the help of micro-lens. Standard methods of dissection and mounting in Euparal follow Walker, 1855http://species-id.net/wiki/MonemaMonemaMonema flavescens Walker, 1855: 1112, by monotypy.  Walker, 1855: 1102,1112. Type species: CnidocampaMonema Walker, 1855, .  Dyar, 1905: 952. An unnecessary replacement name for 3 + R4 stalked from R5 and R2 stalked with their stem. Hindwings with M1 and Rs stalked. Forewings with two narrow brown fasciae running from apex to 3/4 and 1/3 of inner margin respectively; basal part of forewing bordered by proximal fascia yellow, rest brown. Hind tibiae with two pairs of spurs.Moths medium-sized, body yellowish. Male antennae filiform and thicker than in female. Labial palpi extremely long, more than three times eye diameter. Forewings with RMale genitalia: tegumen narrow; uncus narrow and long, usually with short ventral process at apex; gnathos narrow and long, nearly as long as uncus; juxta with lateral elongate process or spines; valva elongate, with apically saccular process; saccus usually long and large, more than half of valva\u2019s width.PageBreakthe abdomen, base narrow and straight, apical part wider and spiraled; corpus bursae ovate, large; a pair of signa trigonal, bearing spines.Female genitalia: posterior apophysis long, anterior apophysis very short and less than the half length of posterior one; sclerotized exterior flap at posterior margin of ostium bearing minute hair; ductus bursae very long, more than the half length of Monema flavescens. Its final instar larvae are 19\u201325mm in length. Head yellowish brown. Thorax yellowish green. Dorsum with a large purple-brown spot shaped as a dumbbell. Subdorsal scoli on T2-A9 and lateral scoli on T2, T3 and A2-8 .The genus is related to Walker, 1855http://species-id.net/wiki/Monema_flavescensMonema flavescens Walker, 1855: 1112, fig. 1c. Type locality: North China. Miresa flavescens : Seitz, 1913: 344, fig. 50c. Cnidocampa flavescens : Cai, 1981: 99. Cnidocampa johanibergmani Bryk, 1948: 219. Monema melli Hering, 1931: 691, fig. 87i. Type locality: Guangdong, China. syn. n. Monema flavescensnigrans de Joannis, 1901: 251.  var. Monema nigransWing expanse 30\u201332 mm in male, 35\u201339 mm in female. In male genitalia, the juxta is short and ends in 1-3 long spines each side. In female genitalia, the sclerotized base of ductus bursae is diagnostic.PageBreakHeilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi; Russia (Far East), Korea, Japan.PageBreakMonema melli was described based on a single male from Guangdong, China. It differs from Monema flavescens by the smaller size and the shorter labial palpus. According to the male genitalia of the holotype examined and provided by Mr. Solovyev, it matches well with that of Monema flavescens. Thus we synonymize Monema melli with Monema flavescens. Monema flavescens var. nigrans as a full species. However, the black form (var. nigrans) and the normal form (flavescens) are from the same population and the var. nigrans do not show any differences in the male or female genitalia with flavescens. Therefore we treat Monema flavescens var. nigrans merely as a dark form. In Guiyang 2.75% of the population of flavescens belonged to the black form; the black individuals can interbreed with the non black individuals and produce fertile offspring (ffspring .(a)Walker, 1855http://species-id.net/wiki/Monema_flavescens_flavescensMonema flavescens Walker, 1855: 1112, fig. 1c rubriceps. Frons yellow to yellowish red.Wing expanse 25\u201339 mm. The aedeagus is 1.6 times as long as valva, shorter than that in ssp. PageBreakPageBreakzhou, 4\u201321 June 1976, Chen Ruijin (1\u26403\u2642); Zhejiang, Wenzhou, 1953, Liao Dingxi (1\u2642); Zhejiang, Zhoushan, 18 June 1936, O. Piel (1\u2642); Zhejiang, Tianmu shan, May-July 1936 (1\u26403\u2642), 29 July 1972, Wang Ziqing (4\u2642), 21 July 1973, Zhang Baolin ; Shaanxi, Zhouzhi, 1350m, 24 June 1999, Yao Jian  Jiangxi, Lushan, 17\u201319 June 1974, Zhang Baolin (2\u2642) (gen. slide WU0146); Jiangxi, Guling, July 1935 ; Jiangxi, 27\u201328 May 1957, Yu Peiyu ; Shanghai, 11\u201326Aug.1932, O. Piel , 14 June- 20 July 1933, A. Savio (4\u2642); Shanghai, Botanical Park, June 1974 (1\u2640); Jiangsu, Yangzhou, 15 May 1926 (1\u2642), 20 June 1974 ; Jiangsu, Nanjing, 1\u201310 June 1957, Yu Peiyu (3\u2640) (gen. slide WU0183); Guangdong, Guangzhou, July 1931 (5\u2642); Guangdong, Guangzhou, Shipai, 17 Sept. 1958, Wang Linyao (1\u2642); Guangdong, Nanling, 21 July 2008, Chen Fuqiang  Beijing, 3\u201331 May 1957, Yu Peiyu ; Beijing, Xishan, 1\u2642, Aug.1955; Beijing, Qinghe, 1\u2642, 13 Mar.1957 (1\u2642); Beijing, Tanzhesi, 15 Aug. 1951 (1\u2642); Beijing, Bada ling, 24 June 1957 (1\u2642); Beijing, Baihua shan, 4\u201316 July 1973, Liu Youqiao, Zhang Baolin ; Beijing, Sanbu, 25 July 1964, (5\u2642), 21 July 1972, Zhang Baolin (1\u2640); Hebei, Changli, 15 June-8 July 1972 (1\u26426\u2640), 21 June 1973 ; Henan, Songxian, Baiyun shan, 1400m, 18\u201320 July 2003, Qiu Reng (2\u2642); Henan, Huixian Baligou, 700m, 12\u201315 July 2002 (1\u2640); Henan, Neixiang Baotianman, 12 July 1998, Shen Xiaocheng (1\u2642). Black form: Shanghai Datong Route, 28 July 1980 ; Shanghai Botanical Park, June 1974, Tian Lixin (1\u2640) (gen. slide L06053); Shanghai, July 1935 (2\u2642); Jilin, Manjiang, 9\u201331 July 1955 .Heilongjiang, Dailing, 390m, 30 June-16 July 1962, Bai Jiuju (25\u2642), 4\u20139 July 1957 ; Heilongjiang, Yichun, 9 July 1956 (2\u2642), 6 Sept. 1956 (1\u2642); Heilongjiang, Wuchang, Shengli Linchang, 10 July 1970 (3\u2642); Heilongjiang, Harbin, 17 July\u201317 Aug. 1936 (2\u2640), 81 Aug. 1940; Heilongjiang, Hulin 852 Farm, 10 July 1962, Chen Tailu (1\u2642); Liaoning, Qingyuan, 29\u201330 July 1954 ; Liaoning, XInjin, 1954 (2\u2642); Jilin, Manjiang, 19 June\u201327 July 1955 (4\u264010\u2642); Jilin, Changbai Shan, 800m, 2\u201313 July 1982, Zhang Baolin ; Inner Mongolia, Ulanhot 15 July 1987 (1\u2642), 5 June 1957 ; Hunan,Yongshun Shanmuhe, 600m, 3 Aug. 1988, Chen Yixin ; Hunan, Andong, 20 May 1954 ; Hunan, Guzhang Gaowangjie, 850m, 29 July 1988, Chen Yixin ; Hunan, Hengshan, 22Aug. 1979 ; Fujian, Wuyishan, Sangang, 3 Aug. 1979, Song Shimei ; Fujian, Wuyishan, Tongmu, 26 July 1979, Song Shimei ; Fujian, Xiamen, 1\u2642, 25 June 1973, Zhang Baolin ; Hubei, Shennongjia, 950\u20131640m, 18\u201324 July 1980, Yu Peiyu ; Hubei, Jingzhou, July 1980 ; Hubei, Xingshan Longmen River, 1350m, 16 June\u201317 July 1993, Yao Jian ; Hubei, Zigui, Jiutouling, 100m, 12\u201313 June 1993, Yao Jian ; Hubei, Xuanen, Fengshuiling 1200\u20131240m, 29 July 1989, Yang Longlong, Li Wei ; Guangxi, Longsheng, 10\u201315 June 1980, Wang Linyao (4\u2642), 26 May 1963, Wang Chunguang ; Guangxi, Gualin Forestry Institute, 5 July 1981, Liang Xinqiang ; Guangxi, Qinzhou, 15 Apr. 1980, Cai Rongquan ; Guangxi, Jinxiu, 1100m, 10 May 1999, LI Wenzhu (1\u2642) (gen. slide WU0141); Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 1 Aug. 1973, Zhang Baolin (2\u2642); Zhejiang, HangMainland China; Russia (Far East), Korea, Japan.(b)stat. n.http://species-id.net/wiki/Monema_flavescens_rubricepsCnidocampa rubriceps Matsumura, 1931: 105. Type locality: Taiwan, China. Monema rubriceps (Matsumura): Hering, 1931: 691. Monema flavescens flavescens Walker by the red frons. The aedeagus about twice as long as valva, longer than that of ssp. flavescens.Wing expanse 30\u201332mm. It differs from Monema rubriceps (Matsumura) was provided by Dr. Solovyev.None. The image of the male genitalia of Taiwan.Cnidocampa rubriceps is treated here as a subspecies of Monema flavescens because the male genitalia have the same structure, except for the aedeagus that is longer in ssp. rubriceps than in ssp. flavescens.PageBreakWu & Pan,sp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AAF50A42-14EA-45E5-AAD3-0F2E027119A8http://species-id.net/wiki/Monema_tanaognathaWing expanse 28\u201333mm. Labial palpus yellowish brown, tip black. Face yellow to pale red. Head and thorax yellow. Abdomen yellowish brown. Ground colour of forewing yellow, with two dark concave fasciae from apex to 1/3 and 2/3 of inner margin, distal part of forewing, bordered by proximal fascia, brown. Hindwing yellow to yellowish brown.flavescens; aedeagus slightly longer than valva, narrow and straight.Male genitalia: tegumen narrow; uncus narrow and long, ventrally with short process on apex; gnathos narrow and very long; juxta U-shaped, each lateral bar with distal tuft of long spines; valva elongate, with a strong short apically saccular process; saccus long and relatively narrower than that of Female genitalia: posterior apophysis long, anterior apophysis very short; sclerotized exterior flap at posterior margin of ostium smaller, bearing minute hair; ductus bursae very long, basal half narrow and straight, apical half wider and spiraled; corpus bursae ovate, large; a pair of signa trigonal, bearing spines.Holotype: male, Kunming, Yunnan, 16 May 1980, Song Shimei (gen. slide WU0156). Paratypes: 1\u2640\u2642, same data as holotype (gen. slide WU0157); Xuanwei, Yunna, 1890m, 1\u2642, 25 June 1979 (gen. slide WU0152). Shaanxi, Fuping, 900\u2013950m, 23\u201324 July 1998, Yuan Decheng, Yao jian, Zhang Youwei ; Shaanxi, Liuba Miaotaizi, 1350m, 21 July 1998, Yao jian (1\u2642); Shaanxi, Taibai Huangbaiyuan, 1350m, 14 July 1980, Zhang Baolin ; Shaanxi, Ningshan Huoditang, 1580\u20131650m, 27 July 1998, Yao Jian ; Gansu, Wenxian Tielou, 1450m, 1999 July 24, Yao jian, Wang Hongjian, Zhu Chaodong ; Gansu, Kangxian, Qinghe linchang, 1400\u20132250m, 15 July 1998, Yao Jian (3\u2642), 7\u20139 July 1999, Yao jian ; Gansu, Kangxian, Baiyun shan, 1250\u20131750m, 12 July 1998, Yao Jian(3\u2642) (gen. slide WU0165); Gansu, Diechang, 1800m, 7 July 1998, Yao Jian ; Gansu, Zhouqu, Shantan Linchang, 2400m, 15 July 1999, Wang Hongjian ; Sichua, Emei shan, 800\u20131000m, 21 June-25 July 1957, Huang Keren, Zhu fuxing, Lu Youcai ; Sichua, Dujiang Yan, Qingcheng Shan, 700\u20131000m, 3\u20134 June 1979, Gao Ping, Shang Jinwen (2\u2642) ; Hubei, Lichuan, Xingdou Shan, 800m, 21\u201323 July 1989, Li Wei ; Guangxi, Miaoer shan, Jiuniuchang, 1150m, 7 July 1985, Fang Chenglai .Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.Monema flavescens, but is well distinguished by male genitalia: gnathos is narrowing and very long; juxta is long and ending in a tuft of long spines at each side. In female genitalia, base of ductus bursae of the new species is narrow and membranous, while that of Monema flavescens is sclerotized.The species is similar externally to PageBreakThe name is derived from Greek \u201cTanaos\u201d (=Long) and \u201cgnathos\u201d (Greek for jaw), corresponding to the long gnathos in the male genitalia.PageBreakSolovyev & Witt, 2009,new record to Chinahttp://species-id.net/wiki/Monema_meyiMonema meyi Solovyev & Witt, 2009: 108\u2013109. Type locality: Vietnam (ZMHB). Monema flavescens, but well discriminated by male genitalia: saccular process divided apically, juxta with lateral row of elongate spines, very broad saccus, S-shaped aedeagus with long and strong apical spur.Wing expanse 35-38 mm in male, 36-42 mm in female. The species is similar externally to Female genitalia: posterior apophysis long, anterior apophysis very short; sclerotized exterior flap at posterior margin of ostium large and elongate, bearing minute hair; ductus bursae very long, basal 1/3 narrow and straight, apical 2/3 wider and spiralled; corpus bursae ovate, large; a pair of signa trigonal, bearing spines.Hunan, Sangzhi, Baxixiang, 370m, 13 July 2009, Chen Fuqiang (1\u2640) (gen. slide WU0052); Guangdong, Chebaling ; Sichuan, Emei Shan, 800-1000m, 21 June-25 July 1957, Huang Keren, Zhu Fuxing, Lu Youcai ; Sichuan, 21-24 July 1974 ; Guizhou, Jiangkou, Fanjing Shan, 500m, 11 July 1988, Li Wei ; Fujian, Wuyishan, 14 June 1982, Zhang Baolin ; Jiangle, Longqi Shan, 18Aug. 1991, Song Shimei ; Hubei, Xuanen, Fengshuiling, 1200-1240m, 25 July 1989, Yang Longlong, Li Wei ; Hubei, Lichuan, Xingdou Shan, 800m, 21-31 July 1989, Li Wei ; Hubei, Hefeng, Fengshuiling, 1240m, 29 July 1989, Li Wei; Guangxi, Jinxiu, Shengtang Shan, 900m, 17 May 1999, Li Wenzhu ; Guangxi, Jinxiu Luoxiang, 200-400m, 15-16 May 1999, Han Hongxiang ; Guangxi, Shangsi Hongqi Linchang, 250m, 28 May 1999, Yuan Decheng (1\u2642); Dayu, 16 Aug. 1985, Wang Ziqing (1\u2640); Jiangxi, Deyu Neiliang, 23 Aug. 1985 ; Jiangxi, Yifengyuan, 2 June 1959 ; Hainan, Wuzhi Shan, 25 Apr. 1984, Gu Maobin ; Yunnan, Menghai, 1200m, 18 July 1958, Wang Shuyong ; Yunnan, Binchuan, Aug. 1959 ; Yunnan, Weixi, 2320m, 6 July 1979 .Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan; Vietnam.Monema flavescens and Monema tanaognatha.This species, newly recorded in China, was described based on two males from Vietnam . This isPageBreakPageBreakDudgeon, 1895,new record to Chinahttp://species-id.net/wiki/Monema_coralinaMonema coralina Dudgeon, 1895: 290. Type locality: Bhutan. Wing expanse 30-35mm. The mostly reddish wings are diagnostic. In the male genitalia, the uncus lacks the ventrally apical process.PageBreakYunnan, Xinshuangbanna, 700m, 4-15 Apr. 1993, Yang Longlong ; Xizang, Motuo, 1080m, 22 July 2006, Chen Fuqiang (1\u2640).Yunnan (Xinshuangbanna), Xizang (Motuo); Nepal, Bhutan.The abdomen of the female from Xizang is missing. The species is reported for the first time in China."}
+{"text": "The author list for the article Epidemiology of Cryptoccocus gattii, British Colombia, Canada, 1999\u20132007  was incomplete. Authors were Eleni Galanis, Laura MacDougall, Sarah Kidd, Mohammad Morshed, and the British Columbia Cryptococcus gattii Working Group. Working Group members\u00a0involved in this study were Patrick Doyle, John Galbraith, Linda Hoang, Pamela Kibsey, Min-Kuang Lee, Sultana Mithani, Marc Romney, and Diane Roscoe. The article has been corrected online"}
+{"text": "APOBEC3G is a host defense factor that potently inhibits HIV replication. We hypothesize that HIV-infected children with a genetic variant of APOBEC3G will have a more rapid disease progression.Human Antiretroviral therapy (ART)-na\u00efve children, aged 1\u201312 years old with CD4 15-24% and without severe HIV-related symptoms were enrolled. The children had CD4% and absolute CD4 counts every 12 weeks and HIV-RNA every 24 weeks until 144 weeks. ART was started when CD4% declined to < 15% or AIDS-related events developed.APOBEC3G genetic variants were performed by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Random-effect linear regression analysis was performed to correlate APOBEC3G genotypes and disease progression.3 for CD4 count and 4.7 log10copies/mL for HIV-RNA.147 children, 35% male, with a median (IQR) age of 6.5 (4.3-8.8) years were enrolled. CDC N:A:B were 1:63:36%. Median baseline values were 20% for CD4% 605 cells/mmAPOBEC3G genotypes AA (186H/H), AG (186H/R), GG (186R/R) were 86%, 12%, and 2% respectively. The APOBEC3G genotype GG was associated with a significant decline in CD4% -5.1% (\u22128.9 to \u22121.2%), p<0.001, and CD4 counts \u2212226 (\u2212415 to \u221234) cells/mm3, p<0.001 by random-effect liner regression analysis. No significant associations of APOBEC3G genotypes with HIV-RNA changes overtime (p=0.16) or progression to CDC B and C (p=0.49) were observed.The frequencies of APOBEC3G genotype GG was significantly associated with a more rapid decline in CD4. APOBEC3G\u2019s antiviral effects on HIV disease progression in children should be further explored. APOBEC3G)[Association between the nfection. Howevernfection. There ipies/ml].APOBEC3G genotypes and the AIDS disease progression. A previous report in Argentinian HIV-infected children has also shown that there was no affect of APOBEC3G genotypes and AIDS onset[APOBEC3G genotype GG, thus, the association of APOBEC3G genotypes and sharp decline of CD4% may have occurred by chance. The interpretation of our findings should be cautious as failure to demonstrate a statistically significant difference between study groups at baseline. For example, different of baseline CDC classification ratio, and higher baseline CD4 cell counts of subtype GG group than the other two groups, although the baseline CD4% was similar, does not ensure that the groups are equivalent, particularly with the small sample size of the subtype GG that limits statistical power. Second, we could not see a correlation of APOBEC3G genotypes with the clinical patterns of long term non-progressors,  becaThe strengths of our study are the large number of ART-na\u00efve vertically transmitted HIV-infected children with moderate immune deficiency in Asia enrolled with the long-term clinical data with 144-weeks of follow-up. Further studies should be evaluated for better understanding of APOBEC3G\u2019s antiviral effects on the disease progression in the HIV-infected children.APOBEC3G genotypes, H186 in GG, was significantly associated with decline in CD4% and the CD4 count over time in Thai and Cambodian ART-na\u00efve HIV-infected children with moderate immune deficiency.In conclusion, our data showed that a genetic variant of th International Workshop on HIV Pediatrics, 20 \u2013 21 July 2012, Washington DC, USA.This study was presented as poster presentation (poster number P_11) in 4This is a sub-study of the Pediatric Randomized Early versus Deferred Initiation in Cambodia and Thailand study .All authors declare no conflict of interest and that member of their immediate families do not have a financial interest in or arrangement with any commercial organization that may have a direct interest in the subject matter of this article.TB, MI, YI, and WS were involved in the study design, collection of data, and writing of the manuscript. KM, TP, JA, AM, and SV were involved in the study design and collection of data. TN was involved in the study design. PP was involved in the study design and writing of the manuscript. JS and TB\u2009analyzed the data and wrote\u2009the manuscript.\u2009TI collected the data and assisted in the writing of the manuscript. All authors reviewed the draft of the manuscript before submission. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.CIP TH001:HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand (HIV-NAT) Research Collaboration, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Center, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr.Kiat Ruxrungtham, Dr.Jintanat Ananworanich, Dr.Thanyawee Puthanakit, Dr.Chitsanu Pancharoen, Dr.Torsak Bunupuradah, Stephen Kerr, Theshinee Chuenyam,Sasiwimol Ubolyam, Apicha Mahanontharit,Tulathip Suwanlerk,Jintana Intasan,Thidarat Jupimai,Primwichaya Intakan, Tawan Hirunyanulux, Praneet Pinklow, Kanchana Pruksakaew,Oratai Butterworth, Nitiya Chomchey,Chulalak Sriheara,Anuntaya Uanithirat,Sunate Posyauattanakul,Thipsiri Prungsin,Pitch Boonrak,Waraporn Sakornjun, Tanakorn Apornpong,Jiratchaya Sophonphan,OrmrudeeRit-im,Nuchapong Noumtong,Noppong Hirunwadee,Dr.Chaiwat Ungsedhapand,Chowalit Phadungphon,Wanchai Thongsee,Orathai Chaiya,Augchara Suwannawat,Threepol Sattong,Niti Wongthai,Kesdao Nantapisan,Umpaporn Methanggool,Narumon Suebsri,Dr.Chris Duncombe,Taksin Panpuy,Chayapa Phasomsap,Boonjit Deeaium,Pattiya JootakarnCIP TH003:Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi,Thailand; Dr.Jurai Wongsawat,Dr.Rujanee Sunthornkachit, Dr.Visal Moolasart,Dr.Natawan Siripongpreeda,Supeda Thongyen,Piyawadee Chathaisong,Vilaiwan Prommool, Duangmanee Suwannamass,Simakan Waradejwinyoo,Nareopak Boonyarittipat,Thaniya Chiewcharn,Sirirat Likanonsakul,Chatiya Athichathana, Boonchuay Eampokalap,Wattana Sanchiem.CIP TH004:Srinagarind Hospital,Khon Kaen University,Khon Kaen,Thailand; Dr.Pope Kosalaraksa,Dr.Pagakrong Lumbiganon, Dr.Chulapan Engchanil,Piangjit Tharnprisan,Chanasda Sopharak,Viraphong Lulitanond,Samrit Khahmahpahte,Ratthanant Kaewmart, Prajuab Chaimanee, Mathurot Sala, Thaniita Udompanit,Ratchadaporn Wisai,Somjai Rattanamanee, Yingrit Chantarasuk,Sompong Sarvok,Yotsombat Changtrakun,Soontorn Kunhasura, Sudthanom KamollertCIP TH005:Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Chonburi,Thailand; Dr. Wicharn Luesomboon, Dr.Pairuch Eiamapichart,Dr.Tanate Jadwattanakul,Isara Limpet-ngam,Daovadee Naraporn,Pornpen Mathajittiphun,Chatchadha Sirimaskul,Woranun Klaihong,Pipat Sittisak,Tippawan Wongwian, Kansiri Charoenthammachoke,Pornchai Yodpo.CIP TH007:Nakornping Hospital,ChiangMai,Thailand;Dr.Suparat Kanjanavanit, Dr.Maneerat Ananthanavanich, Dr.Penpak Sornchai,Thida Namwong,Duangrat Chutima,Suchitra Tangmankhongworakun,Pacharaporn Yingyong,Juree Kasinrerk, Montanee Raksasang,Pimporn Kongdong,Siripim Khampangkome, Suphanphilat Thong-Ngao,Sangwan Paengta,Kasinee Junsom, Ruttana KhuankaewM,Parichat Moolsombat,Duanpen Khuttiwung,Chanannat Chanrin.CIP TH009:Chiangrai Regional Hopsital, ChiangRai, Thailand; Dr.Rawiwan Hansudewechakul,Dr.Yaowalak Jariyapongpaiboon, Dr.Chulapong Chanta,Areerat Khonponoi, Chaniporn Yodsuwan, WaruneeSrisuk,Pojjavitt Ussawawuthipong,Yupawan Thaweesombat,Polawat Tongsuk,Chaiporn Kumluang,Ruengrit Jinasen,Noodchanee Maneerat,Kajorndej Surapanichadul, Pornpinit Donkaew.CIP TH010:National Pediatric Hospital,PhnomPenh,Cambodia;Dr.Saphonn Vonthanak, Dr. Ung Vibol,Dr.Sam Sophan,Dr.Pich Boren,Dr.Kea Chettra,Lim Phary,Toun Roeun, Tieng Sunly,Mom Chandara,Chuop Sokheng,Khin Sokoeun,Tuey Sotharin.CIP TH011:Social Health Clinic,Phnom Penh,Cambodia;Dr.Saphonn Vonthanak,Dr.Ung Vibol,Dr.Vannary Bun,Dr.Somanythd Chhay Meng,Dr.Kea Chettra,Sam Phan,Wuddhika In vong,Khuon Dyna.CIP TH012:PrapokklaoHospital,Chantaburi,Thailand;Dr.Chaiwat Ngampiyaskul,Dr.Naowarat Srisawat, Wanna Chamjamrat,Sayamol Wattanayothin,Pornphan Prasertphan,Tanyamon Wongcheeree, Pisut Greetanukroh,Chataporn Imubumroong, Pathanee Teirsonsern."}
+{"text": "But what might these morphological differences represent, in terms of physiology, along distinct regions across rodent's S1? Septal and barrel regions are physiologically/functionally distinct (Alloway, In this context, a comprehensive work published by Nogueira-Campos et al.  in FrontAlloway,  since seAlloway, . In addiAlloway, . AccordiAlloway, , both reAlloway, . So, morIn conclusion, data provided by Nogueira-Campos et al.  offer ne"}
+{"text": "The Vietnamese authors' names are out of order. The correct byline is: Ho Dang Trung Nghia, Le Thi Phuong Tu, Marcel Wolbers, Cao Quang Thai, Nguyen Van Minh Hoang, Tran Vu Thieu Nga, Le Thi Phuong Thao, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Tran Thi Hong Chau, Dinh Xuan Sinh, To Song Diep, Hoang Thi Thanh Hang, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen Tran Chinh, Nguyen Van Dung, Ngo Thi Hoa, Brian G. Spratt, Tran Tinh Hien, Jeremy Farrar, Constance Schultsz."}
+{"text": "The Editorial Board greatly acknowledges the advice of the reviewers. They made an important contribution to the quality of the journal.Anthony Artino, Sanneke Bolhuis, Joseph Donald Boudreau, Johan Bred\u00e9\u00e9, Jamiu Busari, Patrick Cras, Menno de Bree, Esther de Groot, Peter de Jong, Benedicte De Winter, Joke Denekens, Diana Dolmans, Jos Draaisma, Michiel Eijkman, Petri Embregts, Frans Grosfeld, Harianne Hegge, Frank Krings, Jan Kuks, Rashmi Kusurkar, Mario Maas, Willemina Molenaar, Arko Oderwald, Karlijn Overeem, Martien Quaak, Roy Remmen, Jan-Joost Rethans, George Richard, Clemens Rommers, Judith Rosmalen, Johanna Sch\u00f6nrock-Adema, Robert Schoevers, Philippe Schucht, Lambert Schuwirth, Veronica Selleger, Arjun Singh, Ren\u00e9e Stalmeijer, Paul Stuyt, Edith ter Braak, Rene Tio, Nynke van Dijk, Paul Van Royen, Tineke Westerveld, David Whitford, Indah Widyahening, Margreet Wieringa-de Waard and Raniai Zaini."}
+{"text": "The authors regret that Ryan M. McCormack and Eckhard R. Podack shown above were inadvertently omitted from the author list.The correct author list is shown below including the authorship statement.Eden Kleiman, Daria Salyakina, Magali De Heusch, Kristen L. Hoek, Joan M. Llanes, Iris Castro, Jacqueline A. Wright, Emily S. Clark, Derek M. Dykxhoorn, Enrico Capobianco, Akiko Takeda, Ryan M.\u2009McCormack, Eckhard R. Podack, Jean-Christophe Renauld, and Wasif N. KhanThe original article has been updated.Eden Kleiman, Daria Salyakina, Kristen L. Hoek, and Wasif N. Khan designed research, performed experiments, analyzed data, and wrote the manuscript; Magali De Heusch, Joan M. Llanes, Iris Castro, Jacqueline A. Wright, Emily S. Clark, Derek M. Dykxhoorn, and Ryan M. McCormack performed and analyzed the experiments; Akiko Takeda, Jean-Christophe Renauld, and Enrico Capobianco provided the materials and discussed results, and Eckhard R. Podack discovered and named Perforin-2, and interpreted and discussed the results.The authors apologize for this mistake. The correction does not affect the scientific validity of the results.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."}
+{"text": "Canakinumab (CAN), a selective, human, anti- interleukin-1\u03b2 monoclonal antibody, has been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of SJIA .To explore baseline demographics and clinical characteristics that are most predictive of response to CAN in CAN-na\u00efve SJIA patients during the initial 12 weeks of therapy.Data from 3 trials were pooled for this analysis. CAN-na\u00efve patients  aged 2\u201319 years with active SJIA were enrolled and received sc CAN 4 mg/kg/month; Predictors of response  at Days (D) 15, 29, 57 and 85 were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The candidate predictors  of CAN-response considered were: Age group, Gender, Prior NSAIDS (no/yes), Prior MTX(no/yes), Steroids , Number of Active Joints and Joints with Limitation of Motion , CRP  at baseline and at D15. All candidate predictors with p<0.1 in univariate analyses were included in the multivariate analysis. *ACR response plus absence of fever.By week 2 there was substantial clinical benefit with 102 pts (57%) and 36 pts (20%) achieving aACR70 and ID, respectively; by week 12, 108 pts (61%) had aACR70 and 50 pts (28%) ID. The multivariate analysis indicated that normal CRP at D15 is the only predictor significant  for ID at all time-points  at Day 15, lower baseline steroid doses, low number of active joints, no prior anti-TNF or prior NSAID use are those most likely to achieve inactive disease up to 12 weeks.N. Ruperto Grant / Research Support from: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., Speaker Bureau of: Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Janssen Biologics B.V., Roche, Wyeth, Pfizer, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, Pfizer, UCB, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Regeneron, Paid Instructor for: Novartis, Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, Genentech, I. Kone-Paut Grant / Research Support from: SOBI, Chugai, Consultant for: Pfizer, SOBI, Novartis, AbbVie, Cellgene, Chugai, B. Magnusson: None declared., S. Ozen Consultant for: Novartis (Turkey), Speaker Bureau of: Speaker\u2019s fee from SOBI, F. Sztajnbok Grant / Research Support from: Institutional grant (UERJ) for participating in the canakinumab trial., Speaker Bureau of: Novartis-Brasil, J. Anton Consultant for: Novartis, Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, J. Barash Grant / Research Support from: Investigator in the Canakinumab study sponsored by Novartis, F. Corona: None declared., K. Lheritier Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis Pharma AG, C. Gaillez Employee of: Novartis Pharma AG, A. Martini Grant / Research Support from: Bristol Myers and Squibb, Centocor Research & Development,Glaxo Smith & Kline, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, I declare that the Gaslini Hospital which is the public Hospital where I work as full time employee has received contributions to support the PRINTO research activities from the industries above mentioned. OLD: Francesco Angelini S.P.A., Janssen Biotech Inc, Abbott. , Consultant for: Bristol Myers and Squibb, Centocor Research & Development, Glaxo Smith & Kline, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, I declare that the Gaslini Hospital which is the public Hospital where I work as full time employee has received contributions to support the PRINTO research activities from the industries above mentioned. , Speaker Bureau of: Abbott, Bristol Myers Squibb, Astellas, Boehringer, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Sanofi, Roche, Servier, D. Lovell Grant / Research Support from: National Institutes of Health- NIAMS , Consultant for: Astra-Zeneca, Centocor, Amgen, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Novartis, UBC, Forest Research Institute, Horizon, Johnson & Johnson, Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, Roche."}
+{"text": "AbstractPageBreakfrom late 1992 to the end of 2012. This data paper discusses both datasets together, as both have a similar methodology and structure. The inland waters dataset contains over 350,000 fish observations, sampled between 1992 and 2012 from over 2,000 locations in inland rivers, streams, canals, and enclosed waters in Flanders. The dataset includes 64 fish species, as well as a number of non-target species (mainly crustaceans). The estuarine waters dataset contains over 44,000 fish observations, sampled between 1995 and 2012 from almost 50 locations in the estuaries of the rivers Yser and Scheldt (\u201cZeeschelde\u201d), including two sampling sites in the Netherlands. The dataset includes 69 fish species and a number of non-target crustacean species. To foster broad and collaborative use, the data are dedicated to the public domain under a Creative Commons Zero waiver and reference the INBO norms for data use.The Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO) has been performing standardized fish stock assessments in Flanders, Belgium. This Flemish Fish Monitoring Network aims to assess fish populations in public waters at regular time intervals in both inland waters and estuaries. This monitoring was set up in support of the Water Framework Directive, the Habitat Directive, the Eel Regulation, the Red List of fishes, fish stock management, biodiversity research, and to assess the colonization and spreading of non-native fish species. The collected data are consolidated in the Fish Information System or VIS. From VIS, the occurrence data are now published at the INBO IPT as two datasets: \u2018VIS - Fishes in inland waters in Flanders, Belgium\u2019 and \u2018VIS - Fishes in estuarine waters in Flanders, Belgium\u2019. Together these datasets represent a complete overview of the distribution and abundance of fish species pertaining in Flanders  The occurrence datasets are available at:VIS - Fishes in inland waters in Flanders, Belgiumhttp://dataset.inbo.be/vis-inland-occurrencesSource: http://www.gbif.org/dataset/823dc56e-f987-495c-98bf-43318719e30fGBIF: VIS - Fishes in estuarine waters in Flanders, Belgiumhttp://dataset.inbo.be/vis-estuarine-occurrencesSource: http://www.gbif.org/dataset/274a36be-0626-41c1-a757-3064e05811a4GBIF: http://vis.milieuinfo.be/publicaties/rapporten-afvissingenReports (only in Dutch) can be generated or downloaded from: PageBreaktion for Flemish Red Lists of fishes and lampreys , along with one Petromyzontida (Lampetraplaneri) and 7 crustaceans from the order Decapoda.The inland waters dataset contains 64 fish species reported from Flemish enclosed waters and watercourses, as well as a number of non-target species (mainly crustaceans). This dataset also includes a number of typical brackish water fish species which sometimes can be found in inland water sites in proximity to the sea and/or behind the sluice gates. The class of Actinopterygii is most represented (67 species), along with two Petromyzontida. All the crustaceans in this dataset are from the order of the Decapoda.The estuarine waters dataset contains 69 fish species found in the estuaries of the River Yser and the River Scheldt, as well as 9 non-target crustacean species. The class of In Figures Kingdom:AnimaliaClass:Actinopterygii, Orders:Mugiliformes, Osmeriformes, Atheriniformes, Clupeiformes, Gadiformes, Pleuronectiformes, Siluriformes, Salmoniformes, Scorpaeniformes, Esociformes, Anguilliformes, Gasterosteiformes, Perciformes, Cypriniformes, Families:Anguillidae, Atherinidae, Centrarchidae, Clariidae, Clupeidae, Cobitidae, PageBreakCottidae, Cyprinidae, Esocidae, Gadidae, Gasterosteidae, Gobiidae, Ictaluridae, Lotidae, Moronidae, Mugilidae, Nemacheilidae, Osmeridae, Percidae, Petromyzontidae, Pleuronectidae, Salmonidae, Scophthalmidae, Siluridae, Soleidae, UmbridaeClass:Petromyzontida, Order:Petromyzontiformes, Family:PetromyzontidaeClass:Malacostraca, Order:Decapoda, Families:Atyidae, Cambaridae, Palaemonidae, VarunidaePageBreakKingdom:AnimaliaClass:Actinopterygii, Orders:Acipenseriformes, Anguilliformes, Atheriniformes, Clupeiformes, Cypriniformes, Esociformes, Gadiformes, Gasterosteiformes, Mugiliformes, Osmeriformes, Perciformes, Pleuronectiformes, Salmoniformes, Scorpaeniformes, Siluriformes, Syngnathiformes, Families:Acipenseridae, Agonidae, Ammodytidae, Anguillidae, Atherinidae, Blenniidae, Callionymidae, Carangidae, Centrachidae, Clupeidae, Cottidae, Cyprinidae, Esocidae, Gadidae, Gasterosteidae, Gobiidae, Liparidae, Lotidae, Moronidae, Mugilidae, Mullidae, Osmeridae, Percidae, Pholidae, Pleuronectidae, Salmonidae, Scophthalmidae, Siluridae, Soleidae, Syngnathidae, Trachinidae, Triglidae, ZoarcidaeClass:Petromyzontida, Order:Petromyzontiformes, Family:PetromyzontidaeClass:Malacostraca, Order:Decapoda, Families:Cambaridae, Cancridae, Crangonidae, Paguridae, Palaemonidae, Polybiidae, Portunidae, VarunidaeFlanders is one of the three administrative regions in the country of Belgium, located in the centre of Western Europe Figure . The FleThe inland waters dataset comprises enclosed waters, including cut off river arms, gravel pits, ponds, natural lakes, and artificial lakes; and riverine habitats, including head streams, tributaries, and canals part of the drainage basins of the rivers Yser, Scheldt and Meuse Figure . These tPageBreakPageBreakThe estuarine waters dataset comprises the estuaries of the River Scheldt, including tidal parts of the rivers Rupel, Durme, Zenne, Dijle and Grote Nete, and the River Yser.River Scheldt. The River Scheldt is a 435 km long lowland river originating on the plateau of Saint-Quentin . The Darwin Core terms (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/) in the dataset at the time of publication are:The data are standardized to Darwin Core  with a coccurrenceID, type, language, rights, rightsholder, accessRights, datasetID, institutionCode, datasetName, ownerInstitutionCode, basisOfRecord, informationWithheld, recordedBy, individualCount, samplingProtocol, samplingEffort, eventDate, habitat, locationID, continent, waterBody, countryCode, verbatimLocality, verbatimLatitude, verbatimLongitude, verbatimCoordinateSystem, verbatimSRS, decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, geodeticDatum, coordinateUncertaintyInMeters, identifiedBy, scientificName, kingdom, taxonRank, scientificNameAuthorship, vernacularName, and nomenclaturalCode.The data are dedicated to the public domain under Creative Commons Zero waiver. It would be much appreciated if you follow our norms for data use and notify the corresponding authors of the respective dataset if you use the data, especially for research purposes.PageBreakObject name: VIS - Fishes in inland waters in Flanders, BelgiumCharacter encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0Distribution:http://dataset.inbo.be/vis-inland-occurrencesPublication date of data: 2013-12-20Language: EnglishLicenses of use:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ & https://github.com/LifeWatchINBO/norms-for-data-useMetadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 2013-12-20Hierarchy level: DatasetObject name: VIS - Fishes in estuarine waters in Flanders, BelgiumCharacter encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0Distribution:http://dataset.inbo.be/vis-estuarine-occurrencesPublication date of data: 2014-04-02Language: EnglishLicenses of use:http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ & https://github.com/LifeWatchINBO/norms-for-data-useMetadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 2014-04-02Hierarchy level: DatasetLength and weight measurement data of the individual fishes, absence information, occurrence data since 2013, as well as abiotic data of the sampling points  are not included in the Darwin Core Archives and are available upon request.PageBreakOver 2,000 locations in estuaries, inland rivers, streams, canals, and enclosed waters in Flanders, Belgium have been sampled, from March to November, since 1992 Figure . In 2001The geographic coordinates in both datasets are those of the defined sampling locations (dwc:locationID). However, as these coordinates are not always exact the actual coordinates of the catch, which may be located further up- or downriver, the coordinate uncertainty (dwc:coordinateUncertaintyInMeters) has been set to 250 meter.In inland waters, standardized sampling methods were used as described in The default method used in estuarine waters is paired fyke netting, which has been intercalibrated by the North East Atlantic Calibration Group, but additional techniques such as anchor netting, seine netting, pound netting, electric fishing, and eel fyke netting were used as well . All fisPageBreakperiod between 1995 and 1998. During this period we collected the same species with both survey methods but the species richness per day per fyke net was generally higher than that obtained on the filter screens   served ahttps://github.com/LifeWatchINBO/vis-inland-occurrences and https://github.com/LifeWatchINBO/vis-estuarine-occurrences respectively.Users of the data can comment on the inland waters and estuarine waters dataset at PageBreakVIS \u2013 Fish Information SystemPrincipal investigator: Hugo Verreycken, Jan Breine, Gerlinde Van ThuyneResource contact, resource creator, metadata provider, point of contact: Gerlinde Van Thuyne (Inland Waters), Jan Breine (Estuarine Waters)Content providers: Daniel Bombaerts, Jan Breine, Jean-Pierre Croonen, Adinda De Bruyn, Franky Dens, Marc De Wit, Linde Galle, Isabel Lambeens, Yves Maes, Gerlinde Van ThuyneDeveloper: Tom De BoeckProcessors: Dimitri Brosens, Peter DesmetFlemish governmentPageBreak"}
+{"text": "There is an error in affiliation 2 for authors Xin Zhao, Chao Nie, and Jian Wang. Affiliation 2 should be: BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China."}
+{"text": "Dear Reader,Sports Medicine - Open, the editors and production staff at SpringerOpen wish to reflect on a successful year\u2019s achievements and pay thanks to all those who have contributed their time and effort to establish this new journal.As we approach the end of 2015 and the completion of the first ever volume of Sports Medicine - Open will close with more than 20 original research articles, a dozen review articles (including systematic reviews), one particularly well-downloaded current opinion piece, and two editorials. And while we must offer our sincere thanks to all the authors who have contributed thus far, the quality of published articles is, similarly, testament to the significant efforts of the peer reviewers, whose commitment ensures that our content is held to the highest possible standard.We have been delighted by the way the sports science community has embraced the new journal and grateful for the number of high-quality submissions that the journal has received. The inaugural volume of Sports Medicine - Open, since the journal began receiving submissions in mid-2014:In addition to the members of our Honorary Editorial Board, we would like to thank the following individuals who have acted as reviewers for Roger Adams, AustraliaMaicon R. Albuquerque, BrazilRoy D. Altman, USAIsabel Andia, SpainSophie Attwood, UKFilippo Aucella, ItalyAstrid Balemans, the NetherlandsKristoffer Barfod, DenmarkMichelle Barrack, USAParveen Bawa, CanadaDaniel A. Boullosa, BrazilChristian Brinkmann, GermanyDiego Brunelli, BrazilRobert Buresh, USARobin Callister, AustraliaHelmi Chaab\u00e8ne, TunisiaKarim Chamari, QatarJean-Claude Chatard, FranceKong Y. Chen, USAHsiu-Ching Chiu, TaiwanDemetra D. Christou, USAHamdi Chtourou, TunisiaImogen Nicola Clark, AustraliaMike Climstein, AustraliaBrian J. Cole, USAMark Connick, AustraliaRicardo Costa, AustraliaAntonio Crisafulli, ItalyNicole C. Dabbs, USAAbdolhamid Daneshjoo, IranJ. Derek Kingsley, USABeat Knechtle, SwitzerlandKarsten Koehler, USAJan Konarski, PolandNikolaos E. Koyndoyrakis, GreeceMichael Lamont, New ZealandEmilio Landolfi, CanadaRobert Lansing, USASteen Larsen, DenmarkDavid Lavallee, UKHeather Leach, CanadaJill Leckey, AustraliaRoss K. Leighton, CanadaShannon Lennon-Edwards, USAXinning Li, USAHarry Lim, SingaporeAdriano E. Lima da Silva, BrazilAlexis Lion, LuxembourgGrant S. Lipman, USAFabio Lira, BrazilJeremy P. Loenneke, USAAlfredo M. Lurati, ItalyTheresa Mann, South AfricaFrank Marino, AustraliaMyosotis Massidda, ItalyJames P. McClung, USAJane McDevitt, USAMike McGuigan, New ZealandAntti Mero, FinlandKevin Miller, USAChris Mills, UKBartosz Molik, PolandNicholas Murray, USAKathy Myburgh, South AfricaAra Nazarian, USAMathieu N\u00e9d\u00e9lec, FranceJeanne F. Nichols, USASean Davies, USAPhilip Davis, UKBenedito S. Denadai, BrazilStefano D'Ottavio, ItalyWong Jyh Eiin, MalaysiaJennifer Etnier, USANir Eynon, AustraliaIrene Faber, the Netherlands\u00c9anna Falvey, IrelandR\u00f4mulo Fernandes, BrazilJared Fletcher, CanadaMaria Francesca, QatarTim Gabbett, AustraliaJarred Gillett, AustraliaPaul Glazier, UKUrs Granacher, GermanyTyson Grier, USAJordan Guenette, CanadaEsther Hartman, the NetherlandsKeith G. Hauret, USAJaime Hinzpeter, ChileMartin D. Hoffman, USAChun-Jung Huang, USAJasmin Hutchinson, USAXanne Janssen, UKYong-Seok Jee, Republic of KoreaUffe J\u00f8rgensen, DenmarkJeremy D. Joslin, USALiz Joy, USAJyrki Kettunen, FinlandDavid Nieman, USAOnni Niemel\u00e4, FinlandVincent Nougier, FranceMicha\u0142 Nowicki, PolandAri Nummela, FinlandMichael P. Nyberg, DenmarkRob M. Orr, AustraliaDebbie Palmer-Green, UKAndy Pasternak, USACharles Pedlar, UKJesper Petersen, DenmarkMaria Francesca Piacentini, ItalyPaul Pillitteri, USAFl\u00e1vio Pires, BrazilClaudia L. Reardon, USAE. Justy Reed, USAChris Rhea, USAWilliam O. Roberts, USAAlejandro Santos-Lozano, SpainDean K. Simonton, USASabrina Skorski, GermanyAndrew Springer, USACathy Starr, USALaura Stewart, USAThomas Swensen, USAJohn Temesi, CanadaMasaru Teramoto, USARobert Thiebaud, USAKevin Till, UKArgyris Toubekis, GreeceTinna Traustad\u00f3ttir, USAEdith Van Dyck, BelgiumGeert Verheyden, BelgiumMegan Wenner, USANancy Williams, USAJinliang Xing, ChinaJames Zois, AustraliaWe hope that you have found the articles published this year to be both interesting and informative, and we look forward to keeping you up to date with more sport and exercise science research in 2016.Sports Medicine - Open and everyone at SpringerOpen.With best wishes from the staff of"}
+{"text": "Dr. Mary F. Lopez is incorrectly listed as an author on this article. The authors apologize for this error. The correct author list is as follows:Paul E. Oran, Olgica Trenchevska, Dobrin Nedelkov, Chad R. Borges, Matthew R. Schaab, Douglas S. Rehder, Jason W. Jarvis, Nisha D. Sherma, Luhui Shen, Bryan Krastins, Dawn C. Schwenke, Peter D. Reaven, Randall W. NelsonThe legends for Additionally, the following sentence should be added to the Acknowledgements section:\u201cThis work was supported in part with resources and of facilities at the Phoenix VA Health Care System. The contents do not represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.\u201dThe complete Acknowledgements read:\u201cWe would also like to express gratitude and acknowledge the following ACT NOW study investigators for their assistance with sample collection: Ralph A. DeFronzo, MD. MaryAnn Banerji, MD, FACP, George A. Bray, MD, Thomas A. Buchanan, MD, Stephen C. Clement, MD, Robert R. Henry, MD, Abbas E. Kitabchi, Ph.D., MD, FACP, FACE, Sunder Mudaliar, MD, Robert E. Ratner, MD, FACP, Frankie B. Stentz, MS, PhD, Nicolas Musi, MD. This work was supported in part with resources and of facilities at the Phoenix VA Health Care System. The contents do not represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.\u201d"}
+{"text": "In the phase 3 TENDER trial of TCZ in patients with sJIA, decreases in neutrophil count were commonly observed.To determine if neutropenia was associated with increased risk of infection and to investigate variables associated with development of neutropenia in patients treated with TCZ for up to 2 years in TENDER.9/L; grade 2, \u22651.0 and <1.5 \u00d7 109/L; grade 3, \u22650.5 and <1.0 \u00d7 109/L; grade 4, <0.5 \u00d7 109/L) and lowest observed neutrophil count (109/L) were identified for each patient. Univariate linear regression analysis was performed to investigate association of patient characteristics with lowest observed neutrophil count. Rates of infections and serious infections (per 100 patient years [PY]) in periods \u00b1 15 days around grade1-2 neutropenia (22.9 PY) and around grade 3-4 neutropenia (5.5 PY) were compared to corresponding rates in periods with normal neutrophil count (173.6 PY).112 children with active, persistent sJIA were randomised 2:1 to receive TCZ by body weight (12 mg/kg <30kg or 8 mg/kg \u226530kg) or placebo IV every 2 weeks for 12 weeks and continued in an ongoing, TCZ open-label extension., No trend for association between neutropenia and increased risk of infections was observed in the TENDER trial. Background MTX, and somewhat younger age, was associated with increased risk for neutropenia, while TCZ exposure and concurrent GC use were not.F. De Benedetti Grant / Research Support from: Abbott, Pfizer, BMS, Roche, Novimmune, Novartis, SOBI, H. I. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, MedImmune, EMD Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Janssen, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, E. Baildam: None Declared, R. Burgos-Vargas Grant / Research Support from: Abbott, Consultant for: Abbott, BMS, Janssen, Pfizer, Roche, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, BMS, Janssen, Pfizer, Roche, G. Horneff Grant / Research Support from: Abbott, Pfizer, H. I. Huppertz Consultant for: Abbott, Chugai, Pfizer, Roche, Swedish Orphan, K. Minden Grant / Research Support from: Pfizer, Abbvie, Consultant for: Pfizer, Abbvie, Roche, Chugai, Medac, B. L. Myones: None Declared, K. Onel: None Declared, J. Wang Employee of: Roche, K. Bharucha Employee of: Genentech, D. Lovell Grant / Research Support from: NIH, Consultant for: AstraZeneca, Centocor, Janssen, Wyeth, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Genentech, Speakers Bureau: Roche, Genentech, A. Martini Grant / Research Support from: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, MerckSerono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, MerckSerono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, Boehringer, BMS, Novartis, Astellas, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, Pfizer, Roche, N. Ruperto Grant / Research Support from: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, MerckSerono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, MerckSerono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, Boehringer, BMS, Novartis, Astellas, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, Pfizer, Roche."}
+{"text": "Unfortunately, the original version of this article  containea, Weiwei Xub, Shravanthi R Gandrac, Galin V MichailovaTamara Schmida Amgen GmbH, Munich, Germanyb Pharmerit International, Rotterdam, The Netherlandsc Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA"}
+{"text": "AbstractAgromyzidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is presented. 279 (or 280) species are currently known from the country. Phytomyzalinguae Lundqvist, 1947 is recorded as new to Finland.A checklist of the  Agromyzidae are called the leaf-miner or leaf-mining flies and not without reason, although a substantial fraction of the species feed as larvae on other parts of living plants. While Agromyzidae is traditionally placed in the superfamily Opomyzoidea, its exact relationships with other acalyptrate Diptera are poorly understood Europe: 914 species Finland: 279\u2013280 speciesFaunistic knowledge level in Finland: averageBrachycera Macquart, 1834suborder Eremoneura Lameere, 1906clade Cyclorrhapha Brauer, 1863clade Schizophora Becher, 1882infraorder Muscaria Enderlein, 1936clade Acalyptratae Macquart, 1835parvorder Opomyzoidea Newman, 1834superfamily AGROMYZIDAE Fall\u00e9n, 1823AGROMYZINAE Fall\u00e9n, 1823AGROMYZA Fall\u00e9n, 1810Agromyzaabiens Zetterstedt, 1848Agromyzaalbipennis Meigen, 1830Agromyzaalbitarsis Meigen, 1830Agromyzaalnibetulae Hendel, 1931Agromyzaalnivora Spencer, 1969Agromyzaalunulata Agromyzaambigua Fall\u00e9n, 1823niveipennis Zetterstedt, 1848= Agromyzaanthracina Meigen, 1830freyi Hendel, 1931= Agromyzabicaudata Agromyzacinerascens Macquart, 1835PageBreakAgromyzademeijerei Hendel, 1920Agromyzaerythrocephala Hendel, 1920Agromyzaflaviceps Fall\u00e9n, 1823Agromyzagraminicola Hendel, 1931Agromyzaidaeiana Hardy, 1853potentillae = spiraeae Kaltenbach, 1867= stackelbergi = Agromyzaigniceps Hendel, 1920lathyri misid.= Agromyzalapponica Hendel, 1931Agromyzalucida Hendel, 1920Agromyzaluteitarsis intermittens misid.= Agromyzamarionae Griffiths, 1963alandensis Spencer, 1976= Agromyzamobilis Meigen, 1830Agromyzanana Meigen, 1830Agromyzanigrella Agromyzanigrescens Hendel, 1920Agromyzanigripes Meigen, 1830Agromyzanigrociliata Hendel, 1931Agromyzaorobi Hendel, 1920Agromyzaphragmitidis Hendel, 1922Agromyzapseudoreptans Nowakowski, 1967urticae Nowakowski, 1964 preocc.= Agromyzaquadriseta Zlobin, 2001Agromyzareptans Fall\u00e9n, 1823Agromyzarufipes Agromyzasalicina Hendel, 1922Agromyzasulfuriceps Strobl, 1898Agromyzavicifoliae Hering, 1932HEXOMYZA Enderlein, 1936Hexomyzaschineri Hexomyzasimplicoides MELANAGROMYZA Hendel, 1920Melanagromyzaaenea Melanagromyzaaeneoventris Melanagromyzaangeliciphaga Spencer, 1969Melanagromyzachaerophylli Spencer, 1969Melanagromyzalappae Melanagromyzanigrissima Spencer, 1976Melanagromyzaoligophaga Spender, 1990PageBreakMelanagromyzapubescens Hendel, 1923Melanagromyzasubmetallescens Spencer, 1966OPHIOMYIA Braschnikov, 1897Ophiomyiabeckeri goniaea = Ophiomyiacunctata Ophiomyiacurvipalpis Ophiomyiafennoniensis Spencer, 1976eucodonus Hering, 1960?= melandryi misid.= Ophiomyiaheringi Star\u00fd, 1930penicillata misid.= Ophiomyialabiatarum Hering, 1937persimilis misid.= Ophiomyialongilingua rostrata misid.= Ophiomyiamaura Ophiomyianasuta Ophiomyiaorbiculata hexachaeta = nostradamus = paracelsus = Ophiomyiapinguis Ophiomyiapulicaria Ophiomyiaranunculicaulis Hering, 1949Ophiomyiavitiosa Spencer, 1964alliariae Hering, 1954?= PHYTOMYZINAE Fall\u00e9n, 1823AMAUROMYZA Hendel, 1931Amauromyzasg.  Hendel, 1931Amauromyzamorionella Cephalomyzasg.  Hendel, 1931Trilobomyza Hendel, 1931= Amauromyzachenopodivora Spencer, 1971abnormalis misid.= Amauromyzaflavifrons Amauromyzagyrans Amauromyzakarli Dizygomyzafacialis Frey, 1941 nom. nudum= Amauromyzalabiatarum Amauromyzaluteiceps Amauromyzamonfalconensis AULAGROMYZA Enderlein, 1936PageBreakParaphytomyza Enderlein, 1936= Aulagromyzabuhri Aulagromyzafulvicornis Aulagromyzahendeliana Aulagromyzaheringii Aulagromyzalucens Aulagromyzaluteoscutellata xylostei misid.= Aulagromyzasimilis Aulagromyzatremulae (Hering 1957)Aulagromyzatridentata Aulagromyzatrivittata CALYCOMYZA Hendel, 1931Calycomyzaartemisiae Calycomyzasubapproximata CERODONTHA Rondani, 1861Butomomyzasg.  Nowakowski, 1967Cerodonthacaricivora Cerodonthaeucaricis Nowakowski, 1967Cerodontharohdendorfi Nowakowski, 1967Cerodonthascirpi scutellaris misid.= semiposticata misid.= Cerodonthastaryi Cerodonthasg.  Rondani, 1861Cerodonthaaffinis Cerodonthadenticornis Cerodonthafulvipes femoralis = Cerodonthahennigi Nowakowski, 1967lateralis  preocc.= Cerodonthastackelbergi Nowakowski, 1972Dizygomyzasg.  Hendel, 1920Cerodonthabimaculata Cerodonthafasciata Cerodonthaireos Cerodonthaluctuosa Cerodonthamorosa Icteromyzasg.  Hendel, 1931Cerodonthabohemani Cerodonthacapitata Cerodonthachurchillensis Spencer, 1969Cerodonthageniculata PageBreakCerodonthalineella Phytagromyzasg.  Hendel, 1920Cerodonthaflavocingulata storai = Poemyzasg.  Hendel, 1931Cerodonthaatra Cerodonthacalamagrostidis Nowakowski, 1967spenceri Nowakowski, 1967= tschirnhausi Nowakowski, 1973= Cerodonthacalosoma Cerodonthaimbuta deschampsiae = Cerodonthaincisa Cerodonthalateralis Cerodonthamuscina Cerodonthaphragmitidis Nowakowski, 1967Cerodonthapygmaea Cerodonthapygmella lapplandica = Cerodonthaspencerae Zlobin, 1993inconspicua auct. nec = Cerodonthathunebergi Nowakowski, 1967Xenophytomyzasg.  Frey, 1946Cerodonthaatronitens Cerodonthabiseta crassinervis = Cerodonthaventurii Nowakowski, 1967CHROMATOMYIA Hardy, 1849Chromatomyiaasteris Chromatomyiaciliata Chromatomyiafarfarella Chromatomyiafuscula Chromatomyiaglacialis Chromatomyiahorticola Chromatomyiaisicae Chromatomyialinnaeae Griffiths, 1974Chromatomyialonicerae xylostei  preocc.= Chromatomyialuzulae Chromatomyiamilii Chromatomyianigra Chromatomyianorwegica Chromatomyiaochracea PageBreakChromatomyiaopacella Chromatomyiapericlymeni Chromatomyiaprimulae Chromatomyiaramosa nigriventris = Chromatomyiastyriaca Griffiths, 1980Chromatomyiasyngenesiae Hardy, 1849GALIOMYZA Spencer, 1981Galiomyzamorio LIRIOMYZA Mik, 1894Liriomyzaamoena Liriomyzaangulicornis triglochinae Hendel, 1931= Liriomyzaapproximata Liriomyzaartemisicola de Meijere, 1924Liriomyzabryoniae Liriomyzabuhri Hering, 1937adolescens Frey, 1946= Liriomyzabulbata Hendel, 1931Liriomyzacanescens Spencer, 1976graminicola misid.= Liriomyzacannabis Hendel, 1931Liriomyzacongesta minima Hendel, 1931= parva Hendel, 1931= Liriomyzademeijerei Hering, 1930Liriomyzaequiseti de Meijere, 1924Liriomyzaeupatorii orbitella Hendel, 1931= Liriomyzaflaveola Liriomyzaflavopicta Hendel, 1931Liriomyzafreyella Spencer, 1976Liriomyzahieracii Liriomyzainfuscata Hering, 1926Liriomyzalutea Liriomyzaoccipitalis Hendel, 1931Liriomyzaorbona Liriomyzapedestris Hendel, 1931Liriomyzapseudopygmina Liriomyzaptarmicae de Meijere, 1925Liriomyzapusilla fasciola = Liriomyzapusio PageBreakgraminicola de Meijere, 1924= breviseta Frey, 1946= Liriomyzarichteri Hering, 1927Liriomyzasonchi Hendel, 1931Liriomyzastrigata pumila = Liriomyzatanaceti de Meijere, 1924Liriomyzataraxaci Hering, 1927Liriomyzavalerianae Hendel, 1932Liriomyzavirgo Liriomyzavirgula Frey, 1946Liriomyzawachtlii Hendel, 1920METOPOMYZA Enderlein, 1936Metopomyzaflavonotata Metopomyzainterfrontalis xanthaspida = Metopomyzascutellata flavoscutellaris misid.= Metopomyzaxanthaspioides Metopomyzaxanthaspis NAPOMYZA Westwood, 1840Napomyzaachilleanella von Tschirnhaus, 1992Napomyzabellidis Griffiths, 1967Napomyzacarotae Spencer, 1966Napomyzacichorii Spencer, 1966Napomyzaelegans Napomyzahirticornis Napomyzalateralis Napomyzamaritima von Tschirnhaus, 1981Napomyzamerita Zlobin, 1993Napomyzaplumea Spencer, 1969NEMORIMYZA Frey, 1946Nemorimyzaposticata PHYTOBIA Lioy, 1864Dendromyza Hendel, 1931= Phytobiaaucupariae Phytobiacambii betulae = tremulae = Phytobiamallochi PHYTOLIRIOMYZA Hendel, 1931Phytoliriomyzaarctica Phytoliriomyzadorsata Liriomyzafasciata misid.= PageBreakpectoralis misid.= Phytoliriomyzahilarella Phytoliriomyzamelampyga Phytoliriomyzamikii Phytoliriomyzaornata elegantula = Phytoliriomyzaperpusilla PHYTOMYZA Fall\u00e9n, 1810Phytomyzaabdominalis Zetterstedt, 1848gentianae misid.= Phytomyzaaconitophila Hendel, 1927Phytomyzaactaeae Hendel, 1922Phytomyzaadjuncta Hering, 1928Phytomyzaalbiceps Meigen, 1830rydeniana Hering, 1949= Phytomyzaalbipennis Fall\u00e9n, 1823Phytomyzaanemones Hering, 1925Phytomyzaangelicae Kaltenbach, 1872Phytomyzaangelicastri Hering, 1932Phytomyzaaquilegiae Hardy, 1849Phytomyzaaquilonia Frey, 1946Phytomyzaartemisivora Spencer, 1971Phytomyzabuhriella Spencer, 1969Phytomyzacalthophila Hering, 1931Phytomyzacampanulae Hendel, 1920Phytomyzachaerophylli Kaltenbach, 1856anthrisci Hendel, 1924= carvi Hering, 1931= Phytomyzacirsii Hendel, 1923cirsicola Hendel, 1927= Phytomyzacontinua Hendel, 1920polyarthrocera Frey, 1946= Phytomyzacrassiseta Zetterstedt, 1860Phytomyzadasyops Hendel, 1920Phytomyzadiversicornis Hendel, 1927Phytomyzaenigmoides Hering, 1937enigma Hering, 1936 preocc.= Phytomyzaerigerophila Hering, 1927Phytomyzaeumorpha Frey, 1946Phytomyzaevanescens Hendel, 1920calthivora misid.= opaca misid.= Phytomyzafallaciosa Brischke, 1880pseudohellebori Hendel, 1920= PageBreakbonsdorfi Hendel, 1935= Phytomyzaflavicornis Fall\u00e9n, 1823Phytomyzaflavofemorata Strobl, 1893distantipila Frey, 1950= aristata misid.= pratensis de Meijere, 1926= Phytomyzaglabra Hendel, 1935Phytomyzaglechomae Kaltenbach, 1862Phytomyzagymnostoma Loew, 1858? Phytomyzahellebori Kaltenbach, 1872Phytomyzahendeli Hering, 1923Phytomyzaheracleana Hering, 1937Phytomyzahirsuta Spencer, 1976Phytomyzaisais Hering, 1936Phytomyzakrygeri Hering, 1949Phytomyzalappae Goureau, 1851Phytomyzalinguae Lundqvist, 1947Phytomyzamarginella Fall\u00e9n, 1823Phytomyzaminuscula Goureau, 1851Phytomyzamurina Hendel, 1935Phytomyzamylini Hering, 1954Phytomyzanigrifemur Hering, 1934semitenella Hendel, 1935= Phytomyzanigripennis Fall\u00e9n, 1823Phytomyzanigritula Zetterstedt, 1838Phytomyzanotata Meigen, 1830Phytomyzaobscurella Fall\u00e9n, 1823Phytomyzapauliloewii Hendel, 1920Phytomyzapimpinellae Hendel, 1924Phytomyzaplantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851Phytomyzaptarmicae Hering, 1937Phytomyzapubicornis Hendel, 1920Phytomyzapullula Zetterstedt, 1848Phytomyzaranunculi Phytomyzaranunculivora Hering, 1932Phytomyzarapunculi Hendel, 1927campanulivora Spencer, 1971= Phytomyzarhabdophora Griffiths, 1964Phytomyzarostrata Hering, 1934Phytomyzarufescens von Roser, 1840Phytomyzarufipes Meigen, 1830Phytomyzarydeni Hering, 1934Phytomyzasedicola Hering, 1924PageBreakPhytomyzaselini Hering, 1922Phytomyzasocia Brischke, 1880Phytomyzasoenderupi Hering, 1941Phytomyzasolidaginis Hendel, 1920Phytomyzaspinaciae Hendel, 1935affinis misid.= Phytomyzaspoliata Strobl, 1906Phytomyzaspondylii Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851pastinacae misid.= Phytomyzasubrostrata Frey, 1946Phytomyzatanaceti Hendel, 1923Phytomyzatenella Meigen, 1830Phytomyzathysselini Hendel, 1923Phytomyzatrollii Hering, 1930Phytomyzatussilaginis Hendel, 1925Phytomyzavaripes Macquart, 1835Phytomyzavirgaureae Hering, 1926Phytomyzavirosae Pakalni\u0161kis, 2000Phytomyzawahlgreni Ryd\u00e9n, 1944robustella misid.= PSEUDONAPOMYZA Hendel, 1920Pseudonapomyzaatra Pseudonapomyzaeuropaea Spencer, 1973SELACHOPS Wahlberg, 1844Selachopsflavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844Cerodonthasilvatica  misidentificationDizygomyzafacialis Frey, 1941 nomen nudumLiriomyzahuidobrensis  importedLiriomyzasativae Blanchard, 1938 importedLiriomyzatrifolii  importedPhytomyzaatricornis Meigen, 1838 nomen dubiumPhytomyzabrischkei Hendel, 1922 misidentificationAgromyzanigrociliata. First recorded from Finland by Thuneberg in PageBreakCerodonthapygmella. First described from the Russian Far East, then redescribed from northern Sweden as Cerodonthalapplandica (Ryd\u00e9n) Phytomyzaangelicae and Phytomyzaaegopodii. Phytomyzaaegopodii Hendel, 1923 with Phytomyzaangelicae Kaltenbach. Phytomyzaaegopodii as a valid species but opinions on its status are not unanimous. The Finnish material examined so far represents typical PhytomyzaangelicaesensuPhytomyzabrischkei. Recorded by Phytomyzagymnostoma. Recorded from Finland in Fauna Europaea (Allium), its host plants. Phytomyzagymnostoma is an expanding species with Central Europe and has lately damaged crops of Allium species (Europaea , but I h species .Phytomyzalinguae. Phytomyzaranunculivora Hering. Phytomyzaranunculivora from Ranunculusacer and Phytomyzalinguae from Ranunculuslingua from mines collected from Vehkalahti in 1972\u20133."}
+{"text": "Authors Michael Milyavsky and Lisa Wiesm\u00fcller shared corresponding authorship of this paper. It is corrected as follows:Corrected correspondence information:Michael Milyavsky: Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, IsraelCorrespondence: Michael Milyavsky, mmilyavsky@post.tau.ac.ilLisa Wiesm\u00fcller: Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm, GermanyCorrespondence: Lisa Wiesm\u00fcller, lisa.wiesmueller@uni-ulm.de"}
+{"text": "AbstractCnidaria: Hexacorallia: Zoantharia). In order to provide a basis for future research on the Indo-Pacific zoantharian fauna and facilitate comparisons between more well-studied regions such as Japan and the Great Barrier Reef, this report deals with CIP zoantharian specimens in the Naturalis collection in Leiden, the Netherlands; 106 specimens were placed into 24 morpho-species and were supplemented with 88 in situ photographic records from Indonesia, the Philippines, and Papua New Guinea. At least nine morpho-species are likely to be undescribed species, indicating that the region needs more research in order to properly understand zoantharian diversity within the CIP. The Naturalis\u2019 zoantharian specimens are listed by species, as well as all relevant collection information, and in situ images are provided to aid in future studies on zoantharians in the CIP.Despite the Central Indo-Pacific (CIP) and the Indonesian Archipelago being a well-known region of coral reef biodiversity, particularly in the \u2018Coral Triangle\u2019, little published information is available on its zoantharians ( Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Zoantharia) are a common component of benthos in subtropical and tropical coral reef systems, with many zooxanthellate species found in shallow waters of both the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Oceans. Nevertheless, common understanding of zoantharian species diversity is relatively poor when compared to the hard corals (Scleractinia). This lack of knowledge is due to a variety of reasons, including (1) high levels of intraspecific morphological variation hindering reliable identification  profication , and (3)fication .Despite these problems, an understanding of zoantharian diversity and their corresponding taxonomy have slowly become clearer as molecular techniques have been implemented into zoantharian research. The first molecular works of Burnett and co-workers , 1997 coScleractinia . Finally, we discuss the shallow water zoantharian diversity of CIP in relation to information from surrounding regions, and make recommendations for future zoantharian research in the region.The present study addresses this lack of Central Indo-Pacific (CIP) zoantharian data via examinations of specimen collections housed in Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands: RMNH (the former Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie) and ZMA (the former Zoologisch Museum van Amsterdam). These zoantharian collections are partly based on specimens from numerous surveys in Indonesia dating from the Snellius Expedition (1929\u20131930) to a recent Marine Biodiversity Workshop in Lembeh Strait (2012), with the large majority of these specimens collected from coral reef environments. Despite the presence of these large and scientifically valuable collections, no previous effort has been made to comprehensively catalogue or examine these historical collections for over 80 years, which could also serve as base-line material for studies on biotic change . Here, fZoantharian specimens from the Naturalis collections in Leiden (RMNH + ZMA) were collected primarily from expeditions to the Indonesia region, starting with the Snellius Expedition 1929\u20131930). Our examinations showed 22 regions in which either specimens or photographic records were present. All specimen/record localities are shown in Figure 929\u20131930.Regions :West Sumatra, Indonesia. Fieldwork by B.W. Hoeksema in collaboration with Dr. A. Kunzmann, Bung Hatta University, Padang, West Sumatra, in 1996\u20131997.Southwest Java, Indonesia. Collections from Teluk Pelabuhan Ratu by Dr. P.H. van Doesburg, RMNH, in 1977.northwest Java, Indonesia. Expedition organized by the Research Center for Oceanography (RCO\u2013LIPI) and Naturalis in 2005 , Indonesia. Fieldwork by B.W. Hoeksema in collaboration with K.S. Putra of WWF in 1997 and 1998 , Flores Sea, Indonesia. Indonesian \u2013 Dutch Snellius\u2013II Expedition in 1984 ( in 1984 .Tukang Besi Islands (Wakatobi), Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Indonesian \u2013 Dutch Snellius\u2013II Expedition in 1984 : Ternate Expedition in 2009, involving reefs on volcanic slopes and reefs around sand-cays  and Naturalis in 1994. Marine Biodiversity Workshop North Sulawesi organized by Research Center for Oceanography (RCO\u2013LIPI), Universitas Sam Ratulang and Naturalis in 2012.PageBreakBunaken, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Fieldwork by B.W. Hoeksema in collaboration with Universitas Sam Ratulang, Manado, in 1994 and 1998.Berau Islands, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. East Kalimantan Program in 2003  and unregistered zoantharian specimens (n=570) of the Naturalis collection showed that of a total 622 specimens, 105 were from Indonesia, with an additional four from the Philippines. Of these 109 specimens, 106 form the basis of this research, as we excluded three specimens that could not be conclusively identified as zoantharians. 88 photographic records of zoantharians specimens were also examined.Epizoanthusilloricatus Tischbierek, 1930 specimens, as although some specimens were from >40 m (and down to 190 m), the range of this species does extend into shallower (<40 m) depths. Additionally, three specimens of Parazoanthus collected by rectangular dredge from depths of 50\u2013100 m were included in analyses. In this study, these 106 zoantharian specimens are collectively referred to as \u201cshallow-water zoantharians\u201d.Although most species are from depths in the range of SCUBA (<40 m), we also included all All unregistered specimens were newly registered into the Naturalis collection in the course of our research. All specimens, newly registered or not, were re-identified by the first author. A list of specimens, their collection information, and Naturalis (RMNH Coel) registration numbers are given within each species\u2019 section. Descriptions of each species are given to aid in field and specimen identification, and are not formal taxonomic redescriptions.Palythoaheliodiscus), very few records of zoantharians had previously been formally reported from the CIP/Coral Triangle region. Given these reasons, we followed recent research . However, many specimens were only identified to \u201cconfers with\u201d (cf.) or \u201caffinity\u201d (aff.) levels. Asides from a few species .PageBreakwere taken by B.W. Hoeksema unless otherwise noted. Duplicate photographic images of the same species from the same site are counted as one record. Latitude and longitude are given when available.From specimen examination, the 106 Indonesian zoantharian specimens in the Naturalis collection supplemented with images were placed into 24 morphospecies, detailed below. Locations are in Indonesia unless otherwise noted, and all photographic images Abbreviations: NA=not available.Taxon classificationAnimaliaZoanthariaZoanthidae1.Saville\u2013Kent, 189305\u00b007'S, 119\u00b020'E), depth = NA, collected May 31, 1994 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 23411, west of Gusung (=Lae\u2013Lae Keke) (=1 km northwest of Makassar), Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , depth = NA, collected May 31, 1994 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 24100, station MAL04, south coast northeast of Cape Hahurong, Ambon, Moluccas , depth = 2 to 28 m, collected June 6, 1996 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 40361, NNM\u2013LIPI\u2013WWF Expedition station BAL.16, southeast side of Pulau Serangan, Bali , depth = to 10 m, collected April 6, 2001 by J. Goud; RMNH Coel 40549, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.011, reef edge west of Mai, Maisel Islands, Banda Sea , depth = 1 to 30 m, collected September 7, 1984; RMNH Coel 40550, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.001, near Tawiri, Ambon Bay, Moluccas , depth = approx. 1.5 to 8 m, collected September 4, 1984; RMNH Coel 40554, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.006, near Eri, Ambon Bay, Moluccas , depth = approx. 1.5 to 5 m, collected September 4, 1984; RMNH Coel 40556, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.006, near Eri, Ambon Bay, Moluccas , depth = approx. 1.5 to 5 m, collected August 29, 1984; RMNH Coel 40558, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.030, west coast of Binongko, Tukang Besi Islands, Banda Sea , depth = approx. 3 to 4 m, collected September 10, 1984 by M. Slierings; RMNH Coel 40566, west side of Pulau Samalona, 7.5 km west of Makassar, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , depth = NA, collected February 18, 1994 by B.W. Hoeksema; RMNH Coel 40569, Fauna Malesiana Marine Sulawesi Expedition station SUL.06, Pantai Parigi, Pulau Lembeh, Selat Lembeh, North Sulawesi , depth = 0 to 6 m, collected October 15, 1994 by M. Slierings.(n=16). RMNH Coel 23405, Tg. Bengteng , Ambon, Moluccas, depth = 3 to 4 m, collected November 10, 1990 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 23406, outer bay, Ruhmatiga, Hitu, Ambon, Moluccas, depth = approx. 3 m, collected December 3, 1990 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 23407, station 17, southeast side of Pombo Island, Ambon, Moluccas, depth = 6 m, collected November 17, 1994 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 23408, west-northwest of Barrang Lompo, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi, depth = 1.5 to 4 m, collected December 23, 1994 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 23409, entrance of harbor near light beacon, northwest of Gusung, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi, depth = 5 to 7 m, collected October 7, 1990 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 23410, 7.5 km west of Makassar, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , South Sulawesi, May 24, 1997; station MAL.19 , Tanjune Batu Dua, east of Hatu, north coast of Ambon Bay, Moluccas, November 19, 1996; station MAL.22 , southwest coast, east of Tunjung Nusanive, Ambon Bay, Moluccas, November 21, 1996; Nusa Penida, Lombok Strait, east Bali, May 26, 1998 ; northwest Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , January 12, 1997; western slope of Bone Lola shoal, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , April 22, 1998.(n=6). West side of Pulau Lae\u2013Lae . RMNH Coel 40476, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 27, Leitimur, south coast, Hutumuri, Ambon, Moluccas, depth = intertidal, collected November 26, 1990 by M.S.S. Lavaleye.01\u00b044'S, 99\u00b015'E), December 15, 1996; east Menjangan Island, West Bali , May 21, 1998; west Pulau Lumu Lumu, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , October 8, 1997; west Pulau Kudingareng Keke, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , May 29, 1997; northwest Pulau Barang Lompo, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , July 21, 1998; south Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , October 27, 1997; west Pulau Lae Lae Besar, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , November 12, 1997; northwest Pulau Lae Lae Keke, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , October 11, 1997; Station BER.26, northeast Buliulin (south of Samama Island), Berau Islands, East Kalimantan, , October 15, 2003.(n=9). Southeast Siberut, West Sumatra . with polyps well clear and free of the coenenchyme (\u201cliberae\u201d) (Can form colonies of up to 1 miberae\u201d) . Adult piberae\u201d)  (Reimer iberae\u201d) , 2006a (iberae\u201d) .Regions recorded in this study , Singapore , which has been reported to be a senior synonym of Zoanthusjukesii Haddon & Shackleton, 1891b, Zoanthusmacgillivrayi Haddon & Shackleton, 1891b, Zoanthusannae Carlgren, 1937, Zoanthusmantoni Carlgren, 1937, Zoanthusfraseri Carlgren, 1937, all described from the Great Barrier Reef based on nematocyst data , depth to 5 m, collected by L. P. van Ofwegen and M. Slierings on March 31, 2001; RMNH Coel 40457, piers of harbor, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines by M. L. Esmeno in 1976 ; RMNH Coel 40516, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 27, west side of Bone Tambung, South Sulawesi , depth = 1 m, collected October 23, 1980 by H. Moll; RMNH Coel 40537, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.139, reef flat edge south of Tarupa Kecil, northeast Taka Bone Rate , depth = 30 m, collected September 25, 1984; RMNH Coel 40539, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.011, reef edge west of Mai, Maisel Islands, Banda Sea , depth 1 to 30 m, collected September 7, 1984; RMNH Coel 40542, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.084, Selat Linta, east of Komodo I. , depth = approx. 3 m, collected September 18, 1984; RMNH Coel 40551, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.079, Selat Linta, east of Komodo I. , collected September 10, 1984; RMNH Coel 40560, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.096, northeast cape of Komodo I. , from \u201cshallow water\u201d, collected September 20, 1984; RMNH Coel 40564, Fauna Malesiana Marine Sulawesi Expedition station SUL.08, channels between lava outflows, south of Tanjung Batuangus, Selat Lembeh, North Sulawesi , depth 5 to 10 m, collected by M. Slierings on October 16 or 25, 1994; RMNH Coel 40565, Fauna Malesiana Marine Sulawesi Expedition station SUL.08, channels between lava outflows, south of Tanjung Batuangus, Selat Lembeh, North Sulawesi , depth to 10 m, collected on October 16 or 25, 1994.(n=10). RMNH Coel 40360, NNM\u2013LIPI\u2013WWF Expedition station BAL.03, south of tidal channel, Palung Semawang, off Kesumasari Beach, Sanur, Bali , September 16, 1997; west side of Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , September 16, 1997; west of Gusung (=Pulau Lae\u2013Lae Keke), Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , October 11, 1997.(n=3). West side of Pulau Lae\u2013Lae, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi (Zoanthus spp. specimens that could not be identified to species level (n=10). Almost all of these specimens are \u2018liberae\u2019 or \u2018intermediae\u2019, with polyps rising out from the coenenchyme  and many described Zoanthus spp. present no readily diagnostic external characters, identification to species level is not potentially possible without detailed molecular examination. Attempts at molecular identification also failed for these (and most other specimens), perhaps due to initial preservation in 10% seawater formalin for older specimens, or in ethanol with additives for newer specimens.This designation simply consists of all PageBreakTaxon classificationAnimaliaZoanthariaZoanthidae4.Gray, 182803\u00b041'50\"S, 128\u00b017'00\"E), intertidal under stones, collected on November 27, 1990 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 40473, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 27, Leitimur, south coast, Hutumuri, Ambon Bay, Moluccas , intertidal under stones, collected on November 27, 1990 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 40567, Fauna Malesiana Marine Sulawesi Expedition station SUL.04, bay south of Pulau Putus, Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi , depth approx. 1 to 2 m, on October 27, 1994 by J.C. den Hartog.(n=3). RMNH Coel 40472, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 27, Leitimur, south coast, Hutumuri, Ambon Bay, Moluccas   to relatively small RMNH Coel 40473 . However, colonies . FurtherRegions recorded in this study , resulting in few reports of this species.As seen in previous studies , it appeTaxon classificationAnimaliaZoanthariaNeozoanthidae5.NA.NA.08\u00b023'55\"S, 115\u00b042'30\"E), on June 3, 1998; Lembongan Bay, Nusa Lembongan, Lombok Strait , on May 19, 26, 27, 29, 1998 (4 records); Tanjung Taal, Nusa Lembongan, Lombok Strait , on May 25, 1998; station WAK.22, north channel pass of Karang Koromaha, REA Wakatobi National Park, Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi , on May 12, 2003; station WAK.13, southwest tip of Tolandono Island, REA Wakatobi National Park, Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi , on May 9, 2003.(n=8). Gili Selang, eastern Bali (Isaurus (within family Zoanthidae). Zooxanthellate. Adapted from Unique among zoantharians, species in this genus have an endodermal sphincter with brachycnemic mesentery arrangement. Polyps are only partially incrusted, with the oral end of polyps lacking incrustation Figures . PhylogeRegions recorded in this study 03\u00b038'05\"S, 128\u00b012'36\"E), depth = intertidal, collected on November 28, 1990 by M.S.S. Lavaleye; RMNH Coel. 40470, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 4, Leitimur, outer Ambon Bay, Wainitu, Moluccas , depth = littoral on old shipwreck, collected on November 7\u20138, 1990 by H. Strack; RMNH Coel. 40475, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 27, Leitimur, south coast, Hutumuri, Moluccas , depth = intertidal, on November 26, 1990 by M.S.S. Lavaleye; RMNH Coel. 40514, Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.15, Ambon Bay, south coast, cape west of Amahusu, Moluccas , collected on November 16, 1996; RMNH Coel. 40528, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.096, northeast Komodo, Komodo , depth = to 30 m, collected on October 26, 1984; RMNH Coel 40532, NNM\u2013LIPI\u2013WWF Bali\u2013Lombok Strait 2001 Expedition station BAL.09, Loloan Batu Agung, Sanur, eastern Bali , depth = 10 to 15 m, collected on April 3, 2001 by B.W. Hoeksema; RMNH Coel. 40540, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.010, near Tawiri, Ambon Bay, Moluccas , depth = 1 to 5 m, collected on September 5, 1984; RMNH Coel. 40559, Snellius\u2013II Expedition sta 4.012, north Pulau Mai, Maisel Islands, Banda Sea , depth = 0 to 1.5 m, collected on 07.09.1984; RMNH Coel. 40561, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.133, east Pulau Tarupa Kecil, Taka Bone Rate , depth = 11 m, collected on September 26, 1984; RMNH Coel. 40562, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.096, northeast Komodo, Komodo , depth = to 30 m, collected on September 20, 1984; RMNH Coel. 40741, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 11, Leitimur, Tanjung Nasaniwe, Moluccas , depth = littoral, collected on November 12, 1990;(n=13): RMNH Coel 40458, harbor pier, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines, collected in 1976 by M.L. Esmeno; RMNH Coel 40459, harbor pier, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines, collected in 1976 by M.L. Esmeno; RMNH Coel. 40468, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 29, Hitu, Ambon Bay, Ambon, Moluccas , May 22, 1998; west Pulau Bone Batang, South Sulawesi, Spermonde Archipelago , October 22, 1997.(n=2). Main coast, West Bali  and overall morphology  , eastern Australia  and Singapore  with this species. However, asides from the specimens directly examined by Ryland and Lancaster, there is much confusion over the true identity of these species. For example, Gemmariawilleyi is likely a Zoanthus species based on the figures in the original description. Ryland and Lancaster state \u201cProbably only the use of genetic methods, so successfully applied by Burnett et al. (1997), will settle identities over wide geographic areas\u201d.However, in the Pacific, records of this species with phylogenetic confirmation have previously been reported from the Great Barrier Reef in Australia , SingapoPalythoa is confused due to the close phylogenetic relationships between Palythoamutuki, Palythoatuberculosa, and some other undescribed species, and a potential reticulate evolutionary history , depth = 3 m, collected on November 15, 1996; RMNH Coel 40512, Pelabuhan Ratu, southwest Java , collected on October 13, 1977, by P.H. van Doesburg.(n=2): RMNH Coel 40508, Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.13, west coast near Larike, Ambon, Moluccas , but the specimen is clearly a zoantharian due to sand encrustation in body wall.Taxon classificationAnimaliaZoanthariaSphenopidae8.03\u00b033'S, 128\u00b012'E), depth = 35 m, collected on November 13, 1996; RMNH Coel. 40513, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 24, south Seri Bay, Ambon, Moluccas , depth = 12 m, November 22, 1990.(n=2). RMNH Coel 40504, Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.12, north coast near Morela, Ambon, Moluccas , December 16, 1996; Pemuteran, West Bali , May 23, 1998; Tulamben, eastern Bali , July 12, 1997; Nusa Lembongan, Lombok Strait , May 29, 1998; west side Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , November, 1984; northwest side Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , November 23, 1997; northwest Kudingareng Keke, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , August 6, 1997; west side Pulau Badi, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , November 1, 1994; REA Wakatobi National Park station WAK.18, southwest Pulau Binongko, Southeast Sulawesi, Wakatobi, Tukang Besi Islands , May 10, 2003; REA Wakatobi National Park station WAK.22, north channel pass of Karang Koromaha, Southeast Sulawesi, Wakatobi, Tukang Besi Is. , May 12, 2003; Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.12, north coast near Morela, Ambon , November 13\u201314, 1996; East Kalimantan\u2013Berau Expedition station BER.03, south side of Pulau Derawan, East Kalimantan , October 16, 2003; Christensen Research Institute, Madang, Papua New Guinea , June 1992.(n=13). Pulau Ular, off Padang, West Sumatra  and subtidal distribution, compared to primarily intertidal Palythoamutuki, which also has longer tentacles   .Sizes of specimens agree well with specimens seen in other localities . Depth of collected specimens (12 and 35 m) also fits well with the description of this species as primarily subtidal in the original description, and from data in Okinawa, Japan e.g. .Regions recorded in this study (n=1). RMNH Coel 40521, Snellius Expedition, Pulau Haroekoe, east of Ambon, Ambon, Moluccas, collected on May 03\u201307, 1930.NA.Palythoa sp. yoron sensu Palythoa sp. yoron from Okinawa. The current specimen consists of two large portions of colonies consisting of >50 polyps, while Palythoa sp. yoron usually is found in very small colonies of <10 polyps. As well, Palythoa sp. yoron consists of a very well developed coenenchyme from which all individual polyps partially emerge, while the current specimen appears to consist more of large robust polyps that have merged together at many locations, but not at others, giving the specimen the appearance of Palythoatuberculosa from the top, and often of Palythoamutuki from side angles. On the other hand, Palythoa sp. yoron has an appearance, although intermediate between Palythoatuberculosa and Palythoamutuki, unique to and of itself. Polyps\u2019 height (when not merged) is approximately 7.0 mm, and average width is 7.3 mm (n=10 polyps). Thus, for now, this specimen is identified as Palythoaaff.tuberculosa. For details on Palythoatuberculosa, refer to the relevant species section below.This specimen superficially resembles zooxanthellate Regions recorded in this study , depth = 2\u20135 m, collected on November 12, 1990; RMNH Coel 40466, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 30, Hitu, Baguala Bay, Suli, Ambon, Moluccas , collected on November 29, 1990; RMNH Coel 40467, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 15, Hitu, Baguala Bay, 0.5 km west of Tial, Ambon, Moluccas , depth = 2 m, collected on November 13\u201314, 1990; RMNH Coel 40471, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 4, Leitimur, Ambon Bay, outer bay, Wainitu (near Ambon City), Ambon, Moluccas , littoral on old shipwreck, collected on November 7\u20138, 1990 by H. Strack; RMNH Coel 40474, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 27, Leitimur, south coast, Hutumuri, Ambon, Moluccas , depth = 1 to 3 m, collected on November 27, 1990 by J.C. den Hartog; RMNH Coel 40505, south side of Barang Lompo, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , depth = 18 m, collected on October 18, 1980, by H. Moll; RMNH Coel 40511, west side of Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , depth = 2.5 m, collected on September 4, 1980 by H. Moll; RMNH Coel. 40517, west side of Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , depth = 2.5 m, collected on September 4, 1980 by H. Moll; RMNH Coel 40519, Snellius Expedition, Rumah Fija, Bo Islands, Halmahera Sea, collected on October 7, 1930; RMNH Coel 40522, Snellius Expedition, Sulu Islands, Philippines, collected on September 11\u201317, 1930; RMNH Coel 40523, Snellius Expedition, probably Indonesia, no locality data; RMNH Coel 40524, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.011, reef edge west of Mai, Maisel Islands, Banda Sea , depth = 1\u201330 m, collected on September 7, 1984; RMNH Coel 40526, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.030, west coast of Pulau Binongko, Southeast Sulawesi, Tukang Besi Islands, Wakatobi , depth approx. 2 m, September 10, 1984; RMNH Coel 40527, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.030, west coast of Pulau Binongko, Southeast Sulawesi, Tukang Besi Islands, Wakatobi , depth approx. 0.5 m, September 10, 1984; RMNH Coel 40529, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.030, west coast of Pulau Binongko, Southeast Sulawesi, Tukang Besi Islands, Wakatobi , depth approx. 8 m, September 10, 1984; RMNH Coel 40530, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.071, Slawi Bay, east Komodo, Komodo , depth sublittoral, collected on September 17, 1984; RMNH Coel 40531, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.030, west coast of Pulau Binongko, Southeast Sulawesi, Tukang Besi Islands, Wakatobi , depth approx. 3 to 4 m, September 10, 1984; RMNH Coel 40534, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.169, reef north of Pulau Bahuluang, Southwest Salayer, Salayer Island, South Sulawesi , collected on September 30, 1984; RMNH Coel 40535, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.059, off Melolo, northeast Sumba , collected on September 14, 1984; RMNH Coel 40541, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.006, Ambon Bay near Eri, Ambon, Moluccas , depth approx. 3 m, collected on August 29, 1984; RMNH Coel 40543, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.006, Ambon Bay near Eri, Ambon, Moluccas , depth = 0 to 10 m, collected on August 29, 1984; RMNH Coel 40548, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.052, east of Melolo, northeast Sumba , depth approx. 3 m, collected on September 13, 1984; RMNH Coel 40552, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.048, east of Melolo, northeast Sumba , depth = 12 m, collected on September 14, 1984; RMNH Coel 40553, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.096, northeast cape, Komodo , depth to 30 m, collected on September 20, 1984; RMNH Coel 40555, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.096, northeast cape, Komodo , depth to 30 m, collected on September 20, 1984; RMNH Coel 40557, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.096, northeast cape, Komodo , depth = \u201cshallow water\u201d, collected on September 20, 1984; RMNH Coel 40568, northwest of Pulau Kapoposang, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , collected on May 2, 1998 by B.W. Hoeksema; RMNH Coel 40769, Snellius Expedition, Eude, South Flores, collected on March 6\u20138, 1930; RMNH Coel 40770, Snellius Expedition, Maratua, Berau Islands, East Kalimantan, collected on October 14\u201317, 1930; RMNH Coel 40771, Snellius Expedition, Maratua, Berau Islands, East Kalimantan, collected on October 14\u201317, 1930; RMNH Coel 40772, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.006, Ambon Bay near Eri, Ambon, Moluccas , depth = 0 to 10 m, collected on August 29, 1984.(n=31). RMNH Coel 40465, Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition station 11, Leitimur, Tanjung Nasaniwe, Ambon, Moluccas , May 20, 1998; Pemuteran, West Bali , May 23, 1998; Napoleon Reef, West Bali , May 20, 1998; Nusa Lembongan, Lombok Strait, East Bali, July 13, 1997; Nusa Lembongan, Lombok Strait, east Bali, July 19, 1997; Nusa Lembongan, Lombok Strait, east Bali, May 26, 1998; south of Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , October 27, 1997; northwest Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , November 25, 1997; Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.12, north coast near Morela, Ambon, Moluccas November 13, 1996; North Sulawesi, Bunaken, , April 9, 1996; Cebu, Philippines, November 21, 1998; Madang, Papua New Guinea, June 1992.(n=12). Pemuteran, West Bali , ranging from 2 to 8 mm. One specimen, RMNH Coel 40553, was notable for its very small polyps . Other colonies ranged from 3.1 to 6.5 mm in average diameter, similar to previous reported sizes. All specimens were \u2018immersae\u2019. Generally, morphology fit well within the accepted range of Regions recorded in this study 02\u00b023'14\"N, 118\u00b012'34\"E), depth = 12 m, collected on October 09, 2003 by B.W. Hoeksema; RMNH Coel 40509, East Kalimantan\u2013Berau Expedition station BER.01, east side of Pulau Derawan, Berau Islands, East Kalimantan , depth = 14 m, collected on October 11, 2003 by B.W. Hoeksema.(n=2). RMNH Coel 40506, East Kalimantan\u2013Berau Expedition station BER.14, lighthouse northeast side of Pulau Panjang, Berau Islands, East Kalimantan , October 06, 1997; east Bone Lola shoal, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , October 27, 1997; east Pulau Kudingareng Keke, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , September 17, 1997; north Pulau Kudingareng Keke, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , October 1, 1997; station BER.01, east Pulau Derawan, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands , October 11, 2003; station BER.14, lighthouse northeast Pulau Panjang Island, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands , October 9, 2003; station BER.24, southeast Pulau Samama, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands , October 15, 2003.(n=7). west Pulau Barang Caddi, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , and an average width of 8.4 mm (range 6 to 11 mm). The non-peduncle portions of the polyps are 15\u201320 mm in height, with the remainder made up of peduncle.Sphenopusmarsupialis specimens from the Indian Ocean. These polyps have regularly spaced small round \u201ctubercles\u201d (approx. 1 mm in diameter) on the upper half of their scapus arranged in vertical lines , making this portion of the polyp appear furrowed. As well, polyps have a small, stubby \u201cpeduncle\u201d (2 to 5 mm in width) that is not attached to any hard substrate, intermediate between Sphenopusmarsupialis with its completely rounded bottom end and Sphenopuspedunculatus with its long, attached peduncle. For now, we identify these specimens as Sphenopusmarsupialis as their peduncles were not attached to the substrate, but it is clear more examination of these specimens is needed.Specimen RMNH Coel 40506 has some polyps (five of seven) somewhat different in morphology from RMNH Coel 40509 and other Naturalis Specimen RMNH Coel 40509 consists of two polyps of different sizes, with the smaller one being 16 by 5 mm, and the larger one 24 by 15 mm. Both polyps have no peduncle and are tapered. Both polyps are somewhat rugged on their outer surface, with no discernable tubercles, and have intermittent (=not one clear stripe) small darker vertical patterns in between the capitulary ridges only on the top 3\u20135 mm of the oral end of polyps.Regions recorded in this study , depth = 30 m, collected on September 18, 2005 by B.W. Hoeksema; RMNH Coel 40510, East Kalimantan\u2013Berau Expedition station BER.03, south side of Pulau Derawan, East Kalimantan , depth = 15 m, collected on October 21, 2003 by B.W. Hoeksema.(n=2). RMNH Coel 40507, Kepulauan Seribu Expedition station SER.29, north side of Pulau Tikus, Thousand Islands off Jakarta, northwest Java ((n=2). Images of RMNH Coel. 40507 and RMNH Coel 40510 as above.Sphenopus species by the presence of a \u2018foot\u2019 (=peduncle) that is attached to substrate .This azooxanthellate species was originally described from the Philippines, and has not been reported in the literature for over 80 years, excepting two brief mentions in Sphenopus species) that currently nothing is known about intraspecific variation, and for now, we group these two specimens within this species.The two specimens here varied in length from 33 to 62 mm in polyp length, and had a width between 9 to 11 mm (polyp head). The \u201cswollen\u201d, non-peduncle part of the polyp was between 15 to 20 mm in height, with the remainder of the length made up of the peduncle, which was between 0.5 to 3 mm in width. RMNH Coel 40507 polyps were generally smooth in appearance, while the upper portions of polyps of RMNH Coel 40510 were somewhat rugged, with small round tubercules 0.5 mm in diameter roughly arranged in vertical lines. The spaces between these small tubercules were colored a much darker color than the remainder of the polyps\u2019 outer surfaces. The peduncle of specimens and images Figure  are muchRegions recorded in this study  sensu Di Camillo et al. (2010)08\u00b029'54\"S, 119\u00b038'06\"E), depth = 75 m, collected on September 19, 1984 by rectangular dredge; RMNH Coel. 40518, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.022, north Pulau Mai, Maisel Islands, Banda Sea , depth = 0 to 1.5 m, collected on September 7, 1984; RMNH Coel 3816, Snellius Expedition, Sipankat Island, near Siburu Island, Sulu Islands, Philippines, collected on September 10\u201314, 1929.(n=3). RMNH Coel 40692, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.098, East Komodo, Komodo , May 25, 1998; Desa Ped, Nusa Penida, Lombok Strait, east Bali , May 25, 1998; east Tanjung Taal, Nusa Lembongan, Lombok Strait, east Bali , May 24, 1998; Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.21, west of Lilibooi, north coast Ambon Bay, Ambon, Moluccas , November 20, 1996; East Kalimantan Program station BER.16, northeast Pulau Maratua, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands , October 10, 2003.(n=5). Southwest Nusa Penida, eastern Bali , November 21, 1999.(n=1). Balicasag Island, Cebu Strait, Philippines , this species has much smaller polyps than Hydrozoanthusgracilis, forming colonies only on the main branch(es) of Plumulariahabereri colonies. Polyps are much less incrusted than Hydrozoanthusgracilis. The Plumulariahabereri colonies hosting this species are much bigger than those with Hydrozoanthusgracilis, as shown by , October 22, 2003.(n=1). East Kalimantan Program station BER.20, Tanjung Pandan shoal, southwest of Pulau Panjang, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands  of Plumulariahabereri colonies  informally described by Parazoanthus sp.\u201d. Specimens and DNA sequences are needed to properly describe this species.This undescribed species may be a different colored morphotype of Taxon classificationAnimaliaZoanthariaHydrozoanthidae16.03\u00b035'S, 128\u00b005'E), depth = NA, collected on November 7, 1996 by J.C. den Hartog.(n=1). RMNH Coel 40469, Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.05, Leitimur, outer Ambon Bay, Tanjung Bentang, Ambon, Moluccas , September 29, 1997.(n=1). West Pulau Badi, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , and collected from Okinawa, Japan , indicating a potential West Pacific distribution.Terrazoanthusonoi from the Galapagos and west coast of Central and South America.This species is similar in appearance but different in coloration to Taxon classificationAnimaliaZoanthariaHydrozoanthidae17.NA.05\u00b003'15\"S, 119\u00b021'15\"E), April 22, 1998.(n=1). West Bone Lola shoal, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi .Zoanthus spp. colonies in shallow water . Although undescribed, this putative species has been placed with the genus Terrazoanthus based on DNA sequences acquired from aquarium trade polyps , depth = to 24 m, collected on November 11, 1996; RMNH Coel 40768, Snellius Expedition, Pulau Bo Islands, Halmahera Sea, collected on October 5, 1930.(n=2). RMNH Coel 40766, Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.09, southwest coast, Ambon, Latuhalat, Moluccas , October 22, 2003.(n=1). Station BER.30, north of Lighthouse 1 Reef, south of Pulau Derawan, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands , connected by coenenchyme visible on the outer surface of the octocoral colony. Polyps numerous, placed between smaller octocoral polyps, pale yellow in coloration, with outer surface of polyps slightly reddish in color similar to host octocoral. Tentacles relatively short, approximately half of the oral disk diameter, also pale yellow, and approximately 20 in number . However, the latter specimen is quite old  and this difference may be due to fixation methods.Regions recorded in this study , depth = 60 m, collected on October 15, 1984 by rectangular dredge.(n=1). RMNH Coel 40762, Snellius\u2013II Expedition, Station 4.227, west Pulau Tinanja, Taka Bone Rate (NA.Cirripathes sp. (specimen RMNH Coel 24832). Polyps of this azooxanthellate zoantharian specimen are relatively small  and do not protrude much from the coenenchyme, with polyp height approximately same as width. Polyps and coenenchyme are heavily encrusted, and golden yellow-brown in color. Coenenchyme forms a thin sheath over the antipatharian surface. Capitulary ridges not clearly discernable. Polyps form semi-regular vertical rows over short distances of the antipatharian (e.g. approx. 5 cm), but with no observable pattern for the entire colony , June 4, 1997; Cabilao Island, Cebu Strait, Philippines , November 16, 1999; station WAK.24, Ndaa Atoll northwest outer slope, REA Wakatobi National Park, Tukang Besi Islands, Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi, , May 12, 2003.(n=3). West side of Pulau Kudengareng Keke, Spermonde Archipelago, South Salawesi  azooxanthellate polyps regularly spaced and embedded within encrusting sponge tissue Figure . Polyps Regions recorded in this study  it appears that this group includes several undescribed species. The species has been found on cave ceilings Figure , which mTaxon classificationAnimaliaZoanthariaParazoanthidae21.09\u00b054'12\"S, 120\u00b043'30\"E), depth = 50 m, collected on September 15, 1984 by rectangular dredge; RMNH Coel. 40570, station 9, reef slope of southwest Pulau Nain, Bunaken, North Sulawesi , collected on May 8, 1998 by B.W. Hoeksema; RMNH Coel 40572, Ternate Expedition Station TER.27, Tanjung Ratemu (south of river), west Halmahera Sea, North Moluccas , depth = 20 m, collected on November 8, 2009 by B.W. Hoeksema; RMNH Coel 40757, Indonesia 2012 Expedition, Station LEM.34, west Pulau Sarena Kecil Lembeh, North Sulawesi , depth = 22 m, collected on February 17, 2012 by B.W. Hoeksema.(n=4). RMNH Coel 40544, Snellius\u2013II Expedition Station 4.061, east of Melolo, northeast Sumba , June 4, 1997; southeast Likuan, Bunaken, North Sulawesi , May 10, 1998; Main coast, West Bali , May 22, 1998.(n=3). West Pulau Kudingareng Keke, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , depth 91 m, collected on September 19, 1984 by rectangular dredge; RMNH Coel 40545, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.051, east of Melolo, northeast Sumba , depth 75-90 m, collected on September 13, 1984 by rectangular dredge.(n=2). RMNH Coel 40525, Snellius\u2013II Expedition station 4.100, east of Komodo Island  and average width of 3.2 mm (range 2 to 4 mm). Some small dark incrustations visible on lower half  of polyps\u2019 scapus. Approximately 20 capitulary ridges, indicating tentacle counts of approximately 40. Polyps range from cream (RMNH Coel 40525) to tan (RMNH Coel 50545) in color when preserved. Polyps arise from a well-developed stoloniferous coenenchyme in rows, with most found along the upper and outer edges of flat, paddle-shaped sponges  than Parazoanthus sp. 2.Similar in size to Taxon classificationAnimaliaZoanthariaEpizoanthidae23.Tischbierek, 193006\u00b031'30\"S, 121\u00b008'00\"E), depth 58 m, collected on October 15, 1984 by rectangular dredge; RMNH Coel 40546, Snellius\u2013II Expedition Station 4.051, east of Melolo, northeast Sumba , depth = 75 to 90 m, collected on September 13, 1984 by rectangular dredge; RMNH Coel 40571, Ternate Expedition Station TER.27, Tanjung Ratemu, south of river, west Halmahera Sea , depth = 20 m, collected on November 08, 2007 by B.W. Hoeksema; RMNH Coel 40758, station LEM.32, north Sarena Kecil, Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi , depth = 30 m, collected on February 16, 2012 by B.W. Hoeksema.(n=4). RMNH Coel 40533, Snellius\u2013II Expedition Station 4.222, south of Pulau Tarupa Kecil, Taka Bone Rate  May 22, 1998 (3 different specimens); Maluku Expedition station MAL.21, north coast Ambon Bay, Tanjung Hatupero, east of Lilibooi, Ambon , November 20, 1996; southeast Likuan, Bunaken, North Sulawesi , May 10, 1998; station BER.04, south Pulau Derawan, East Kalimantan , October 18, 2003.(n=6). West Menjangan, West Bali  have highly developed thin coenenchymes covering the entire worm tubes\u2019 surface, and are both dark black in color. On the other hand, the shallower specimens had some unitary polyps, and colonial polyps were often in clusters of two or three with poorly developed coenenchyme.Polyps of specimens in the RMNH collection are generally less than 1 mm in diameter, and never more than 2 mm, and of approximately equal height. Coenenchyme generally light gray in color, oral disk and tentacles semi-translucent brown. Tentacles in images 20\u201322 in number, much thinner than as seen in The morphological characters and dimensions observed in the specimens in this study agree well with the original description by Regions recorded in this study , depth = 180 m, collected on September 14, 1984 by rectangular dredge; RMNH Coel 40547, Snellius\u2013II Station 4.051, east of Melolo, northeast Sumba , depth = 75 to 90 m, collected on September 13, 1984 by rectangular dredge.(n=2). RMNH Coel 40536, Snellius\u2013II Station 4.058, east of Melolo, northeast Sumba , May 28, 1998; 4 specimens from Tulamben, east Bali , July 9\u201310, 1997; Nusa Penida, east Bali, , May 27, 1998; Kapoposang, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , June 24, 1997, August 8, 1997; west Pulau Samalona, Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi , September 16, PageBreak1997; Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.10, south coast of Ambon Bay, east of Eri, Ambon , November 12, 1996; Maluku Expedition station MAL.12, north coast near Morela, Ambon , November 13\u201314, 1996; Maluku Expedition station MAL.19, Tanjung Batu Dua, east of Hatu, north coast Ambon Bay, Ambon , November 19, 1996; Fauna Malesiana Marine Sulawesi Expedition station SUL.16, bay east of Tanjung Labuhankompeni, Pulau Lembeh, Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi PageBreak, October 23, 1994; west Pulau Siladen, Bunaken, North Sulawesi , May 2, 1998.(n=12). Desa Ped, north Nusa Penida, east Bali , and many times bigger in terms of volume. Additionally, both specimens have brown coenenchyme and scapus, different from the light gray coenenchyme and brownish oral disk reported for Epizoanthusilloricatus . It is likely records and museum specimens identified as Epizoanthusilloricatus from the central Indo-Pacific include both types mentioned in this study.Although the two specimens here were found at deeper depths (75 to 190 m), numerous photographic records show that this species and Brachycnemina and 12 from Macrocnemina. While by no means an extensive collection, with most specimens from Indonesia, these results indicate that the Central Indo-Pacific waters are at least as diverse in numbers of species, genera, and families as surrounding regions of Australia, Singapore, and Japan. In Australia, an examination of the brachycnemic shallow water zoantharians of the Great Barrier Reef indicated the presence of eight species  are likely undescribed species. Some, such as Terrazoanthus sp. 2, have been known for years in the global aquarium trade, yet still no museum specimens exist, and thus we cannot formally describe them within this manuscript. Without formal descriptions and a clear understanding of species, future conservation work cannot proceed effectively, and immediate taxonomic efforts should focus on the obtaining of specimens and a formal description of this species. Similarly, many photographic records exist for Neozoanthus sp., yet no specimens are in the Naturalis collection.Of the 24 total species listed in this study, at least nine  include a large number of undescribed species, and total numbers are as high or higher than previously reported for any other region.Furthermore, this study demonstrates that the central Indo-Pacific likely harbors very high levels of zoantharian diversity, as the numbers of putative species from this Finally, it is hoped that this study can serve as a temfig for the study of other understudied coral reef benthos in the Coral Triangle. In this study, past photographic records proved to be invaluable in aiding species identification, and understanding species distributions. Thus, while museum collections should remain the key tool in taxonomic and biogeographic research , archive"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 27380; 10.1038/srep27380published online: 06072016; updated: 08252016In this Article, Hwa Jen Yap, Siti Zawiah Md Dawal, S. Ramesh and Sin Ye Phoon are incorrectly affiliated to \u2018Graduate School of Media Design, Keio University, 4-1-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama, 223-8526, Japan\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below:Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia."}
+{"text": "Dr. Anne-Sophie Hamy should be included in the byline as the sixth author. Her affiliations are 6: Residual Tumor and Response to Treatment Lab, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France, and 7: UMR932 Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, Paris, France. The contributions of this author are as follows: Wrote the manuscript.10.1371/journal.pone.0144359The correct citation is: Bonsang-Kitzis H, Chaltier L, Belin L, Savignoni A, Rouzier R, Hamy AS, et al. (2015) Beyond Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis, BMI and Menopausal Status Are Prognostic Determinants for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. PLoS ONE 10(12): e0144359. doi:"}
+{"text": "Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most severe category within the group of arthritis which are classified under the umbrella term of JIA. Systemic JIA has been considered a therapeutic orphan until few years ago when the disease was treated primarily with corticosteroids with the known side effect especially on child growth. More recently the availability of new treatment modalities with biologic agents such as anti L6 and anti IL1 therapies have greatly advanced the possibilities for these children to be adequately treated.This lecture will describe the current status of the treatment for systemic JIA and the future perspectives.N. Ruperto Grant / Research Support from: The Gaslini Hospital, which is the public Hospital where I work as full time public employee, has received contributions from the following industries: Abbott, BMS, \"Francesco Angelini\", GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Hoffman-La Roche, Italfarmaco, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Sobi, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau of: Abbott/AbbVie, Astellas, Alter, AstraZeneca, Boehringer, BMS, CD-Pharma, Celgene, Crescendo Bio, EMD Serono, Hoffman-La Roche, Italfarmaco, Janssen, MedImmune, Medac, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sanofi Aventis, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Servier"}
+{"text": "AbstractNematoda.We present an updated list of terrestrial and freshwater nematodes from all regions of the Arctic, for which records of properly identified nematode species are available: Svalbard, Jan Mayen, Iceland, Greenland, Nunavut, Northwest territories, Alaska, Lena River estuary, Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya and Novaya Zemlya. The list includes 391 species belonging to 146 genera, 54 families and 10 orders of the phylum  Nematodes are one of the most numerous and abundant multicellular organisms on the planet in general and in the Arctic in particular. There are over 70 research papers published which include data on the fauna and distribution of nematodes in the region. Few faunistic overviews of the Arctic nematodes exist in the literature. The \"Catalogue of free-living soil and fresh-water nematodes of Arctic and Subarctic\"  includesThe species list has been compiled based on literature data and refers to the area of the Arctic Fig.  as definDorylaimus sp. from Spitzbergen . The context of the genus Dorylaimus had changed considerably since 1920 and now includes members of at least families Dorylaimidae, Qudsianematidae, Aporcelaimidae and Nordiidae, making it practically impossible to use Menzel's record in modern faunistic studies. Even genus-level identifications done more recently face similar problems. Species that are now considered to belong to the same genus may in future, when more data becomes available, be split into different, sometimes distantly related genera. It would thus be impossible to know in the future what author of the paper meant when he identified his material.Taxa identified in the literature to the genus level only were not considered in the review for the following reasons: 1) It is impossible to make sure how many actual species were considered by the author \u2013 just one, or if s/he had treated multiple species together in the same unit. 2) Taxa identified only to the genus level have limited usefulness when analyzing distribution, endemism and other aspects of biogeography. Nematode systematics is continuously improving. Desmodorida and Araeolaimida follows Enoplida follows that of Triplonchida \u2013 Dorylaimida \u2013 Mononchida \u2013 Monhysterida \u2013 Plectida \u2013 Rhabditida \u2013 General classification and classification of the orders Chromadorida, de Man, 1876Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thorne, 1939Svalbard ; Taymyr Loof, 1971*Svalbard .Thorne, 1939Svalbard .de Man, 1880Jan Mayen ; Taymyr Thorne, 1939Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thorne, 1939Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Alaimusstriatus Loof, 1964Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Alaimuselegans de Man, 1921Jan Mayen ; Taymyr Amphidelusdolichurus Svalbard ; Taymyr Gagarin, 1991*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Amphideluspusillus Thorne, 1939Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .de Man, 1880Svalbard ; NunavutTrischistomaarenicola Nunavut, Canada .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Northwest territories, Canada .Gagarin, 1996*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia ; Novaya Nunavut, Canada ; Lena RiTrilobuspseudallophysis Micoletzky 1925Greenland ; Taymyr Gagarin, 1996*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1991*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1991*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia ; Novaya Shoshin, 1988EutobrilusantarcticusRaritobrilusantarcticus sensu Gagarin 1990, 1991 sensu Gagarin, 1993, 2001; Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Micoletzky, 1922Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1991*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Eutobrilusarcticus Gagarin, 1991*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1999*Lena River estuary, Russia .Eutobrilusstrenuus Gagarin, 1991*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .EutobrilussteineriTobrilussteineri Micoletzky, 1925 ; Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Tsalolikhin, 2000*Tobriluslongicaudatus sensu Ebsary, 1982Northwest territories, Canada .Tobriluslongicaudatus Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Tobrilusparapellucidus Ebsary, 1982*Northwest territories, Canada ; Taymyr Lena River estuary, Russia .de Man, 1880Nunavut, Canada ; Taymyr Gagarin, 1997*Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .de Man, 1880Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Bastian, 1865Tripylapapillata B\u00fctschli, 1873Svalbard ; GreenlaBrzeski & Winiszewska-Slipinska, 1993Tripylafilipjevi Altherr in Altherr & Delamare Deboutteville, 1972Svalbard ; Taymyr Altherr in Altherr & Delamare Deboutteville, 1972Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr B\u00fctschli, 1873Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr de Man, 1880Svalbard ; Jan MaySvalbard ; Jan MayLoof, 1971*Svalbard .Loof, 1971*Svalbard .Gagarin & Kuzmin, 1972*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Hirschmann, 1952Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .de Man, 1876Svalbard ; NunavutDe Coninck, 1935Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .de Man, 1880Svalbard ; Taymyr de Man, 1880Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Ivanova, 1958Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thorne, 1939Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Allen, 1957Alaska .Bernard, 1992*Alaska .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1997*Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Andr\u00e1ssy, 1986Alaska .Dorylaimusfiliformis Bastian, 1865Greenland .Gagarin, 1996*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Mesodorylaimusflavomaculatus Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Laimydorusdadayi Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Altherr in Altherr & Delamare-Deboutteville, 1972Northwest territories, Canada .Dujardin, 1845Greenland ; NorthweTaymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thorne, 1975Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia ; Novaya DorylaimusbastianiDorylaimuslangii Cobb, 1888 B\u00fctschli, 1873; Svalbard ; Taymyr Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Loof, 1969Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Actinolaimusmacrolaimus Greenland ; Alaska Eveleigh, 1982*Northwest territories, Canada .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Mulvey & Anderson, 1979*Northwest territories, Canada .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .EudorylaimuslindbergiAllodorylaimusrarus Gagarin, 1999*; Eudorylaimuscurvicaudatus Eliava, 1968 Andr\u00e1ssy, 1960; Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia ; Novaya DorylaimusacuticaudaDorylaimuscarteriacuticauda Micoletzky, 1922; DorylaimuscarteriBastian, 1865sf.acuticaudata de Man, 1880 (lapsus); DorylaimuscarteriBastian, 1865var.brevicaudatusf.typicasf.acuticauda de Man, 1880 de Man, 1880; Jan Mayen ; GreenlaTaymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Dorylaimuscarteri Bastian, 1865Svalbard ; Jan MayDorylaimuscentrocercusAporcelaimelluscentrocercus  de Man, 1880; Jan Mayen ; Taymyr Dorylaimusgracilis de Man, 1876Jan Mayen .DorylaimuscarteriBastian, 1865var.brevicaudatusMicoletzly, 1922f.typica Micoletzky, 1922Greenland .Loof, 1971*Svalbard .Loof, 1971*Svalbard .Loof, 1971*Svalbard .DorylaimusagilisDorylaimuscarteriBastian, 1865var.agilis de Man, 1880; Eudorylaimusagilis ; Laimydorusagilis  de Man, 1880; Svalbard ; Jan MayEudorylaimusanquilosus Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Eudorylaimushumilis Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .DorylaimuscarteriBastian, 1865sf.lugdunensisDorylaimuscarterilugdunensis Micoletzky, 1922; Eudorylaimuslugdunensis ; Dorylaimusreisingeri Ditlevsen, 1927* de Man, 1880; Svalbard ; Jan MayTaymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1991*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Eudorylaimusparvus Svalbard ; Taymyr Eudorylaimuscirculifer Loof, 1961Svalbard .EudorylaimusettersbergensisThonusettersbergensis  ; Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thonuslaticollis Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .DorylaimuscarteriBastian, 1865sf.briophilus de Man, 1880Jan Mayen .DorylaimuscarteriBastian, 1865sf.pratensis de Man, 1880Jan Mayen .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thorne, 1939Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Altherr in Altherr & Delamare-Deboutteville, 1972Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Andr\u00e1ssy, 1978Lena River estuary, Russia ; Novaya Altherr, 1968Alaska .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Eudorylaimuskrygeri Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia ; Novaya Eudorylaimusobscurus Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .DorylaimusobtusicaudatusDorylaimusobtusicaudatusBastian, 1865f.butschlii Micoletzky, 1922; Aporcelaimusobtusicaudatus  Bastian, 1865; Jan Mayen ; GreenlaAporcelaimuspapillatus Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Dorylaimustritici Bastian, 1865Jan Mayen ; GreenlaTaymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Andr\u00e1ssy, 2003*Alaska .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Dorylaimuslabiatus de Man, 1880Jan Mayen .Eudorylaimusmaksymovi Svalbard .Dorylaimus (Doryllium) analatus Ditlevsen, 1927*Svalbard ; GreenlaDorylaimus (Doryllium) groenlandicus Ditlevsen 1927*Greenland ; Taymyr Svalbard .Dorylaimusmacrodorus de Man, 1880Svalbard ; Jan MayElshishka et al., 2012*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Baqri & Jairajpuri, 1974Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Loof, 1971*Svalbard ; Taymyr Thorne, 1939Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, .Enchodelusarquatus Thorne, 1939Nunavut, Canada ; Taymyr DorylaimusconicaudatusEnchodelusconicaudatus  Ditlevsen, 1927*; Svalbard ; GreenlaAltherr, 1952Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Eudorylaimusalleni Brzeski, 1962*Svalbard .Andr\u00e1ssy, 2003*Alaska .Ebsary, 1984*Nunavut, Canada .Loof, 1971*Svalbard ; Alaska Thorne, 1939Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Heyns, 1969Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Loof & Jairajpuri, 1968Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thorne, 1939Svalbard ; Taymyr Steiner, 1914Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thorne, 1939Svalbard ; Taymyr Baqri & Jairajpuri, 1969Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thorne, 1939Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Gagarin, 1984Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Coetzee, 1968Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Schneider, 1925Northwest territories, Canada .Skwarra, 1921Nunavut, Canada .Mulvey, 1978*Northwest territories, Canada .Gagarin, 1991*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Bastian, 1865Northwest territories, Canada ; Taymyr Mulvey, 1978*Northwest territories, Canada .Nunavut, Canada ; Taymyr Gagarin, 2001*Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Svalbard ; NunavutCobb, 1917Nunavut, Canada .Gagarin, 2000*Lena River estuary, Russia .Mononchusspectabilis Ditlevsen, 1911Greenland .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Mononchuspapillatus Bastian, 1865Jan Mayen ; GreenlaMulvey, 1978*Nunavut, Canada .Northwest territories, Canada .Alaska .Iotonchuszschokkei Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Mononchusbrachyuris B\u00fctschli, 1873Greenland ; Alaska Gagarin, 1993Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Cobb, 1917Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Northwest territories, Canada .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Andr\u00e1ssy, 2003*Alaska .Gagarin, 1999*Chromadoridaarctica Gagarin, 1999 (lapsus)Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .CyatholaimusmicoletzkyiAchromadorasteineri Mulvey, 1969 Steiner, 1916*; Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia ; Novaya Nunavut, Canada ; Taymyr Altherr, 1952Svalbard .Svalbard .Cyatholaimusornatus Steiner, 1916*Greenland ; Nunavutde Man, 1880Ethmolaimusarcticus Steiner, 1916*Nunavut, Canada ; Lena Ride Man, 1880Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Microlaimusarcticus Mulvey 1969*Nunavut, Canada ; Novaya Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Mulvey, 1969*Nunavut, Canada .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1993*Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 2000*Lena River estuary, Russia .Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Monhysteraagilis de Man, 1880Jan Mayen ; Taymyr Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1935Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Andr\u00e1ssy, 1981Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Monhysteradispar Bastian, 1865Svalbard ; NunavutMonohysterafiliformisMonhysterafiliformis Butschlii, 1873 (lapsus) Bastian, 1865 (lapsus); Svalbard ; Lena RiGagarin, 1997*Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Gagarin, 1996Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Monohysterapseudobulbosa Daday, 1896 (lapsus)Greenland .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Monhysterasimplex de Man, 1880Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1991Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .MonhysteravulgarisMonohysteravulgaris de Man, 1880 (lapsus) de Man, 1880; Svalbard ; Jan MayNovaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Monhysteraparavillosa Meyl, 1954Nunavut, Canada .Monohysteravillosa Butschli, 1873 (lapsus)Svalbard ; Taymyr Monhysteradisjuncta Bastian, 1865Jan Mayen ; Novaya Gagarin, 1997*Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Bastian, 1865Svalbard ; Taymyr Monhysteramacrura de Man, 1880Jan Mayen .EumonhysterabidenticulataTridentulusdiplodenticulata Gagarin, 1997 (lapsus); Eumonhysteradiplodenticulata Gagarin, 1997 (lapsus) Gagarin, 1997*; Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Tridentulusobscurus Gagarin, 2000Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Andr\u00e1ssy, 1959Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .de Man, 1880Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .de Man, 1880Svalbard ; Nunavutde Man, 1880Greenland .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Anaplectussubmersus Svalbard ; Alaska Plectusgranulosus Bastian, 1865Svalbard ; Jan MayAllen and Noffsinger, 1968Svalbard .Andr\u00e1ssy, 2003*Alaska .Periplectuslabiosus Sanwal, 1968*Nunavut, Canada .Andr\u00e1ssy, 2003*Alaska .Bastian, 1865Svalbard ; Alaska Ebsary, 1985Svalbard .Andr\u00e1ssy, 1984Svalbard .Butschli, 1873Svalbard .B\u00fctschli, 1873Ceratoplectusassimilis Svalbard ; GreenlaZullini, 1978Plectusthornei sensu Zell, 1993Nunavut, Canada .Bastian, 1865Svalbard ; Jan MayB\u00fctschli, 1873Svalbard ; IcelandMaggenti, 1961Ceratoplectuscornus Svalbard ; Taymyr Maggenti, 1961Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .de Man, 1880Plectusminor Novikova & Gagarin, 1971Svalbard ; Jan MayAndr\u00e1ssy, 1958Svalbard ; Alaska Cobb, 1893Nunavut, Canada .Butschli, 1873Svalbard ; Jan MayKuzmin, 1979Svalbard .Yeates, 1970Svalbard .Andr\u00e1ssy, 1952Svalbard .de Man, 1880Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Bastian, 1865PlectuscirratusBastian, 1865f.parietinus Bastian, 1865Svalbard ; Jan MayBastian, 1865Svalbard ; Icelandde Man, 1880PlectuscirratusBastian, 1865var.rhizophilus de Man, 1880Svalbard ; Jan MayZell, 1993Iceland .Bastian, 1865Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Maggenti, 1961Iceland ; Taymyr Bastian, 1865Svalbard .Plectusauriculatus B\u00fctschli, 1873Jan Mayen ; NunavutLoof, 1971*Svalbard .Anderson, 1966*Nunavut, Canada .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia ; Novaya TeratocephaluscrassidensEuteratocephaluscrassidens  de Man, 1880; Svalbard ; Jan MayTaymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .de Man, 1880Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Andr\u00e1ssy, 1958Teratocephalusdecarinus Anderson, 1969*Svalbard ; NunavutAndr\u00e1ssy, 1968Teratocephalussubvexus Anderson, 1969*Nunavut, Canada .Anderson, 1969*Svalbard ; NunavutAndr\u00e1ssy, 1958Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Svalbard ; Jan MayCheilobusquadrilabiatus Cobb, 1924Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Loof, 1971*Svalbard .Svalbard ; Taymyr de Man, 1876Cephalobusfiliformis species inquirendaJan Mayen .Bastian, 1865Svalbard ; Jan MayCephalobusbuetschlii de Man, 1884Svalbard ; Jan MayLoof, 1971*Svalbard .Cephalobusnanus de Man, 1880Svalbard .Svalbard .Loof, 1971*Svalbard .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Cephalobusoxyuroides de Man, 1876Svalbard ; Jan MayDe Coninck, 1943Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .CephalobuselongatusHeterocephalobuselongatus  de Man, 1880; Svalbard ; Jan MayTaymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Sumenkova in Sumenkova & Razjivin, 1968Chiloplacussaccatus Loof, 1971*Svalbard .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Steiner, 1940Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .CervidellusinsubricusYpsylonellusinsubricus  ; Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Stegelletamucronata Loof, 1971*Svalbard .CervidellusserratusYpsylonellusvexilliger  ; Svalbard ; Taymyr Bostr\u00f6m, 1987*Svalbard .von Linstow, 1877Svalbard ; Taymyr Sanwal, 1965*Svalbard ; NunavutFranklin, 1952Lena River estuary, Russia .Haque, 1968Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Aphelenchusgoeldii Steiner, 1914Jan Mayen .Sanwal, 1965*Nunavut, Canada ; Taymyr Aphelenchusmodestus de Man, 1876Jan Mayen ; Taymyr Gagarin, 1997*Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Franklin, 1957Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Greenland ; Taymyr Tylenchuscostatus de Man, 1921Svalbard ; GreenlaLoof, 1971*Svalbard .TylenchusleptosomaAnguillulinaleptosoma ; Filenchusleptosoma  de Man, 1880; Svalbard ; Jan MayTylenchuscylindricaudus Wu, 1969*Nunavut, Canada .Lena River estuary, Russia .LelenchusdiscrepansOttolenchusdiscrepans  Andr\u00e1ssy, 1954; Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Tylenchusditissimus Brzeski, 1963Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Greenland .FilenchusfiliformisTylenchusfiliformis B\u00fctschli, 1873; Tylenchus (Filenchus) filiformis B\u00fctschli, 1873 species inquirenda; Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia ; Novaya Greenland .TylenchushazenensisDactylotylenchusfiliformis Wu, 1969* Wu, 1969*; Nunavut, Canada .Filenchusminutus species inquirendaTaymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Greenland .Andr\u00e1ssy, 1954Tylenchusaquilonius Wu, 1969*Greenland ; NunavutGreenland .Tylenchusthornei Andr\u00e1ssy, 1954Svalbard ; Taymyr Andr\u00e1ssy, 1968Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Tylenchusbryophilus Steiner, 1914Svalbard ; Novaya Ottolenchussulcis Wu, 1970*Nunavut, Canada .Bastian, 1865AnguillulinadavaineiFilenchusdavainei  ; Svalbard ; Jan MayWu, 1969*Nunavut, Canada .Wu, 1969*Nunavut, Canada .Mulveyotushyalacus Anderson & Ebsary, 1982*Nunavut, Canada .Tylenchorhynchusarcticus Mulvey, 1969*Svalbard ; NunavutMerliniusbrevidens Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Merliniuscircellus Anderson & Ebsary, 1982*Nunavut, Canada .Tetylenchusjoctus Thorne, 1949Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .TetylenchusjoctusMerliniusloofi Siddiqi, 1979 sensu Loof, 1971; Svalbard .Tylenchorhynchusmicrodorus Geraert, 1966Svalbard .Merliniustetylus Anderson & Ebsary, 1982*Nunavut, Canada .Powers, Baldwin & Bell, 1983*Alaska .Tylenchorhynchusgrandis Allen, 1955Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Tylenchorhynchusleptus Allen, 1955Svalbard ; GreenlaTaymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Tylenchorhynchusparobscurus Mulvey, 1969*Nunavut, Canada .Bitylenchusdubius Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Allen, 1955GeocenamusnanusMerliniusnanus  ; Greenland ; Taymyr Allen, 1955Svalbard .Allen, 1955Bitylenchusparvus Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Pararotylenchusbrevicaudatus Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Perry in Perry, Darling & Thorne, 1959Greenland .Loof, 1971*Svalbard ; GreenlaYuen, 1964Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Winslow, 1958Svalbard .Tylenchorhynchusmagnicauda Svalbard .Anguillulinapratense Jan Mayen .Tylenchusgracilis Cobb (lapsus)Svalbard .Gagarin, 2000*Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Cobb in Taylor, 1936Criconemoideshemispaericaudatus Wu, 1965*Svalbard ; NunavutParatylenchusmacrophallusAnguillulinamacrophallum  species inquirenda; Jan Mayen .Jenkins, 1956Greenland .Nunavut, Canada .Ditylenchusaskenasyi Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Brzeski, 1991Greenland .Anderson & Mulvey, 1980*Nunavut, Canada .Heyns, 1964Greenland .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Thorne, 1941Nunavut, Canada ; Taymyr Khan, 1965Nunavut, Canada .Mulvey, 1969*Nunavut, Canada .Andr\u00e1ssy, 1960Nunavut, Canada .Nunavut, Canada .Mulvey, 1969*Nunavut, Canada .Das, 1964*Nunavut, Canada .Stictylusmucronatus Thorne & Malek, 1968Greenland ; NunavutSteiner, 1914Novaya Zemlya and Vaigach island, Russia .Richters, 1905Svalbard .Lena River estuary, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1995*Lena River estuary, Russia ; Novaya Fictorangarensis Lena River estuary, Russia ; Taymyr Fictorruricola Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1993Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Rhabditisgracilicauda de Man, 1876Jan Mayen .Anguillulinaintermedia Jan Mayen .Dujardin, 1844Rhabditisaspera B\u00fctschli, 1873Jan Mayen .Aurivillius, 1883*Inquirenda et incertae sedis.\u00a0Svalbard .Allg\u00e9n, 1953*Inquirenda et incertae sedis.\u00a0Jan Mayen .Allg\u00e9n, 1953*Inquirenda et incertae sedis.\u00a0Jan Mayen .Allg\u00e9n, 1953*Inquirenda et incertae sedis.\u00a0Jan Mayen .Gagarin, 1993*Inquirenda et incertae sedis.\u00a0Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Rahm, 1924Inquirenda et incertae sedis.\u00a0Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia .Gagarin, 1997Nomen nudum. Novaya Zemlia and Vaigach island, Russia .Aphelenchusnivalis Aurivillius, 1883 remains uncertain and its type material can not be located for re-study. After Aurivillius, the nematode fauna of Svalbard archipelago was studied by Despite of more than 130 years of research, our knowledge on the diversity and distribution of Arctic nematodes is still very incomplete and limited to only few relatively small areas of the region. The first studies of Arctic nematodes date back to 1883, when the first nematode was described from Spitzbergen . The taxPlectus are listed from the areas near H\u00fasav\u00edk and Tj\u00f6rnes by Most of the nematological research in the Iceland was focused in southern and western part of the island , which iNematode fauna of the Arctic regions of Canada is studied comparatively better. The research was focused in several localities in the Nunavut province including Bathhurst, Ellef Ringnes, Ellesmere and Somerset islands , and in Fauna of the Russian part of the Arctic lists the largest number of nematode species, including many typical freshwater nematodes, but known from only three distinct geographic regions: Novaya Zemlya archipelago together with Vaygach island, Taymyr peninsula together with Severnaya Zemlya, and the Lena River estuary. So far, only 37 species of freshwater nematodes are know from the Lena River estuary . The lisNematoda are known from the entire Arctic . Even taking into consideration relatively low variety of habitats in this region, comparing to other areas of the world, as well as the rather harsh environmental conditions, this list is considered to be very incomplete and preliminary.In summary, 391 species, belonging to 146 genera, 54 families, and 10 orders of the phylum"}
+{"text": "AbstractTephritoidea and Sciomyzoidea of Finland is provided. The following families are covered: Eurygnathomyiidae, Lonchaeidae, Neottiophilidae, Pallopteridae, Piophilidae, Platystomatidae, Tephritidae, Ulidiidae (Tephritoidea); Coelopidae, Dryomyzidae, Heterocheilidae, Phaeomyiidae, Sciomyzidae, Sepsidae (Sciomyzoidea).A revised checklist of the flies of superfamilies  Tephritoidea is one of the larger Diptera superfamilies. The nominotypical family of Tephritoidea, the fruit flies (Tephritidae), includes over half of the currently known species in the superfamily. The highest diversity of tephritoids occurs in the tropics. Six of the nine extant tephritoid families have been found in Finland: no richardiid, ctenostylid or pyrgotid have been found in the country. The Tephritidae, Ulidiidae and Platystomatidae (plus Pyrgotidae) form a well-defined, probably monophyletic group. The other tephritoid families are more basal in their phylogenetic position  and Ulidiidae we follow Lonchaeidae of Eastern Fennoscandia. This paper is now somewhat outdated, but still valuable.With over 7800 known extant species , Tephritposition . The exaerfamily . SeveralSciomyzoidea is a smaller superfamily with some 1150 described species (Sciomyzidae and Sepsidae) and nine smaller families comprising at most 30 species. The millipede parasitoids of family Phaeomyiidae are sometimes classified as a subfamily of Sciomyzidae. The coelopids and heterocheilids, with just one species each in Finland, are closely associated with stranded marine seaweed. The family placement of Heterocheila has been rather unstable: during the last 40 years it has been placed in Helcomyzidae, Dryomyzidae and Coelopidae or regarded as having a separate family status. Here we follow the recent world catalogue LONCHAEIDAE Rondani, 1856DASIOPINAE Morge, 1963Dasiopini Morge, 1963DASIOPS Rondani, 1856Dasiopsappendiculus Morge, 1959Dasiopsfacialis Collin, 1953Dasiopsmucronatus Morge, 1959hennigi misid.= latiterebra misid.= Dasiopsoccultus Collin, 1953albiceps  preocc.= Dasiopsperpropinquus Morge, 1959Dasiopsspatiosus Dasiopstrichosternalis Morge, 1959EAROMYIINAE Morge, 1963CHAETOLONCHAEA Czerny, 1934Chaetolonchaeapallipennis dasyops misid.= EAROMYIA Zetterstedt, 1842Earomyialonchaeoides Zetterstedt, 1848Earomyiaschistopyga Collin, 1953Earomyiaviridana PROTEAROMYIA McAlpine, 1962Protearomyianigra LONCHAEINAE Rondani, 1856Lonchaeini Rondani, 1856LONCHAEA Fall\u00e9n, 1820Lonchaeaaffinis Malloch, 1920laxa auct. nec Collin, 1953= PageBreakLonchaeaalbigena Collin, 1953Lonchaeaalbitarsis Zetterstedt, 1838Lonchaeabruggeri Morge, 1967? Lonchaeabukowskii Czerny, 1934Lonchaeacaledonica MacGowan & Rotheray, 2000laticornis auct. nec Meigen, 1826= Lonchaeacarpathica Kovalev, 1974Lonchaeachorea Lonchaeacollini Hackman, 1956Lonchaeacontigua Collin, 1953? Lonchaeacorusca Czerny, 1934alni Ringdahl, 1947= lauta Collin, 1953= britteni Collin, 1953= Lonchaeadefecta McAlpine, 1964Lonchaeadeutschi Zetterstedt, 1838sarekensis Frey, 1916= Lonchaeadifficilis Hackman, 1956? Lonchaeafraxina MacGowan & Rotheray, 2000Lonchaeafreyi Czerny, 1934Lonchaeafugax Becker, 1895cariecola Czerny, 1934= Lonchaeahackmani Kovalev, 1981peregrina auct. nec Becker, 1895= Lonchaeaipsiphaga McAlpine, 1964maniola misid.= Lonchaealimatula Collin, 1953flavidipennis auct. nec Zetterstedt, 1847= Lonchaeanitens krogerusi Czerny, 1934= Lonchaeapalposa Zetterstedt, 1847Lonchaeapatens Collin, 1953Lonchaearagnari Hackman, 1956Lonchaeascutellaris Rondani, 1874Lonchaeasororcula Hackman, 1956Lonchaeastackelbergi Czerny, 1934Lonchaeasubneatosa Kovalenko, 1974Lonchaeasylvatica Beling, 1873lucidiventris Becker, 1895= Lonchaeatarsata Fallen, 1820Lonchaeaultima Collin, 1953Lonchaeazetterstedti Becker, 1902PageBreakNEOTTIOPHILIDAE Hendel, 1916ACTENOPTERA Czerny, 1904Actenopterahilarella NEOTTIOPHILUM Frauenfeld, 1868Neottiophilumpraeustum PALLOPTERIDAE Loew, 1862PALLOPTERA Fall\u00e9n, 1820Pallopteraanderssoni Rotheray & MacGowan, 1999Pallopteraformosa Frey, 1930Pallopteramarginata costalis Loew, 1873= Pallopteraumbellatarum arcuata auct. nec = Pallopteraustulata Fall\u00e9n, 1820TEMNOSIRA Enderlein, 1936Temnosiraambusta Temnosirasaltuum TOXONEURA Macquart, 1835Toxoneuraephippium Toxoneuralaetabilis Toxoneuramodesta umbellatarum auct. nec = Toxoneuratrimacula Toxoneurausta Toxoneuravenusta atriventris = PIOPHILIDAE Macquart, 1835PIOPHILINAE Macquart, 1835ALLOPIOPHILA Hendel, 1917Arctopiophila Duda, 1924= Boreopiophila Frey, 1930= Parapiophila McAlpine, 1977= Allopiophilacalceata Allopiophilaflavipes Allopiophilalonchaeoides Allopiophilaluteata Allopiophilapectiniventris Allopiophilatomentosa Frey, 1930Allopiophilavulgaris Allopiophila sp. APageBreakAMPHIPOGON Wahlberg, 1845Amphipogonflavus spectrum Wahlberg, 1845= MYCETAULUS Loew, 1845Mycetaulusbipunctatus PIOPHILA Fall\u00e9n, 1810Piophilacasei PROCHYLIZA Walker, 1849Liopiophila Duda, 1924= Prochylizanigrimana Prochylizavaripes lundbecki misid.= PSEUDOSEPS Becker, 1902Pseudosepssignata STEARIBIA Lioy, 1864Stearibianigriceps foveolata = coerulescens = PLATYSTOMATIDAE Schiner, 1862PLATYSTOMA Meigen, 1803Platystomaseminationis RIVELLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Rivelliasyngenesiae TEPHRITIDAE Newman, 1834TRYPETINAE Loew, 1861 sensu latoAdramini Hendel, 1914EUPHRANTA Loew, 1862Euphrantasg.  Loew, 1862Euphrantaconnexa Rhacochlaenasg.  Loew, 1862Euphrantatoxoneura Trypetini Loew, 1861ACIDIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Acidiacognata ANOMOIA Walker, 1835Phagocarpus Rondani, 1870= Anomoiapurmunda CHETOSTOMA Rondani, 1856Chetostomastackelbergi CORNUTRYPETA Han, Wang & Kim, 1993Cornutrypetaspinifrons PageBreakCornutrypetasuperciliata EULEIA Walker, 1835Cryptaciura Hendel, 1927= Euleiaheraclei Euleiarotundiventris MYOLEJA Rondani, 1856Myolejalucida PHILOPHYLLA Rondani, 1870Philophyllacaesio RHAGOLETIS Loew, 1862Rhagoletisalternata Rhagoletiscerasi Rhagoletismeigenii TRYPETA Meigen, 1803Trypetaartemisiae Trypetaimmaculata hamifera Loew, 1846= Trypetazoe Meigen, 1826TEPHRITINAE Newman, 1834Terellini Hendel, 1927CHAETORELLIA Hendel, 1927Chaetorelliajaceae CHAETOSTOMELLA Hendel, 1927Chaetostomellacylindrica onotrophes = ORELLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Orelliafalcata TERELLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Cerajocerasg.  Rondani, 1856Terelliaceratocera Terelliaplagiata Terelliatussilaginis Terelliasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Terelliacolon Terelliaruficauda Terelliaserratulae Terelliawinthemi Xyphosiini Hendel, 1927XYPHOSIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Xyphosiamiliaria Noeetini Norrbom & Korneyev, 1999ENSINA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Ensinasonchi PageBreakNOEETA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Oplocheta Rondani, 1856= Noeetapupillata Myopitini Bezzi, 1910EURASIMONA Korneyev & White, 1991Eurasimonastigma UROPHORA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Urophoraaprica Urophoracardui Urophoracuspidata Urophorajaceana Urophorasolstitialis sonderupi = Urophorastylata Dithrycini Hendel, 1927DITHRYCA Rondani, 1856Dithrycaguttularis Eutretini Munro, 1952XANTHOMYIA Phillips, 1923Paracarphotricha Hendel, 1927= Xanthomyiaalpestris pseudoradiata = Tephritini Newman, 1834CAMPIGLOSSA Rondani, 1870Campiglossaabsinthii parvula = Campiglossaargyrocephala Campiglossadifficilis tessellata misid.= Campiglossagrandinata borealis Portschinsky, 1875= Campiglossaguttella achyrophori misid.= producta misid.= Campiglossaloewiana Campiglossaplantaginis Campiglossapunctella Campiglossasolidaginis Campiglossa sp. ADIOXYNA Frey, 1945Dioxynabidentis sororcula auct. nec = HERINGINA Acz\u00e9l, 1940PageBreakHeringinaguttata OXYNA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Oxynaflavipennis Oxynanebulosa Oxynaparietina SPHENELLA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Sphenellamarginata TEPHRITIS Latreille, 1804Tephritisangustipennis Tephritisbardanae Tephritiscometa Tephritisconura Tephritisdilacerata Tephritisfallax Tephritishyoscyami Tephritisleontodontis Tephritismutabilis Merz, 1992Tephritisneesii nesii misspelling= Tephritisruralis Tephritissp. cf.rydeni Hering, 1956dioscurea misid.= TRUPANEA Schrank, 1795Trupaneastellata Tephritinae (incertae sedis)Unplaced in ACINIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Aciniacorniculata ULIDIIDAE Macquart, 1835OTITINAE Aldrich, 1932Myennidini Kameneva & Korneyev, 2006PSEUDOTEPHRITIS Johnson, 1802Pseudotephritistrypetoptera corticalis auct. nec = Otitini Aldrich, 1932CEROXYS Macquart, 1835Ceroxysurticae HERINA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Herinafrondescentiae Herinapaludum Herinapalustris MELIERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Melieriasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830PageBreakMelieriacrassipennis Melieriaomissa obscuripes auct. nec = TETANOPS Fall\u00e9n, 1820Eurycephalomyiasg.  Hendel, 1907Tetanopssintenisi Becker, 1909Tetanopssg.  Fall\u00e9n, 1820Tetanopsmyopinus Fall\u00e9n, 1820ULIDIINAE Macquart, 1835Seiopterini Kameneva & Korneyev, 1994HOMALOCEPHALA Zetterstedt, 1838Homalocephalaalbitarsis Zetterstedt, 1838bipunctata = Homalocephalaangustata Homalocephalaapicalis biseta Frey, 1908= Homalocephalabimaculata Homalocephalabiumbrata albitarsis auct. nec Zetterstedt, 1838= SEIOPTERA Kirby, 1817Seiopteravibrans Ulidiini Macquart, 1835PHYSIPHORA Fall\u00e9n, 1810Physiphoraalceae demandata = Brachycera Macquart, 1834suborder Eremoneura Lameere, 1906clade Cyclorrhapha Brauer, 1863clade Schizophora Becher, 1882infraorder Muscaria Enderlein, 1936clade Acalyptratae Macquart, 1835parvorder Sciomyzoidea Fall\u00e9n, 1820superfamily COELOPIDAE Hendel, 1910COELOPA Meigen, 1830Fucomyiasg.  Haliday, 1838Coelopafrigida DRYOMYZIDAE Schiner, 1862PageBreakDRYOMYZA Fall\u00e9n, 1820Neuroctena Rondani, 1868= Dryomyzaanilis Fall\u00e9n, 1820DRYOPE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Dryopedecrepita Dryopeflaveola PARADRYOMYZA Ozerov, 1987Paradryomyzaspinigera Ozerov, 1987PSEUDONEUROCTENA Ozerov, 1987Pseudoneuroctenasenilis HETEROCHEILIDAE McAlpine, 1991HETEROCHEILA Rondani, 1857Heterocheilabuccata PHAEOMYIIDAE Verbeke, 1950PELIDNOPTERA Rondani, 1856Pelidnopterafuscipennis fumipennis = Pelidnopteranigripennis SCIOMYZIDAE Fall\u00e9n, 1820SCIOMYZINAE Fall\u00e9n, 1820Sciomyzini Fall\u00e9n, 1820COLOBAEA Zetterstedt, 1837Colobaeabifasciella Colobaeadistincta Colobaeanigroaristata Rozko\u0161n\u00fd, 1984Colobaeapectoralis Colobaeapunctata DITAENIELLA Sack, 1939Ditaeniellagrisescens PHERBELLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Pherbelliaalbocostata Pherbelliaalpina Pherbelliaargyra Verbeke, 1967Pherbelliabrunnipes Pherbelliacinerella Pherbelliadubia Pherbelliagoberti stylifera Rozko\u0161n\u00fd, 1982= Pherbelliagriseicollis lapponica = PageBreakPherbelliagriseola Pherbelliahackmani Rozko\u0161n\u00fd, 1982Pherbellianana Pherbelliaobscura Pherbelliaobtusa Pherbelliapallidiventris Pherbelliarozkosnyi Verbeke, 1967scutellaris misid.= Pherbelliaschoenherri Pherbelliasordida Pherbelliastackelbergi Elberg, 1965Pherbelliaventralis PTEROMICRA Lioy, 1864Pteromicraangustipennis Pteromicraglabricula Pteromicraleucopeza Pteromicraoldenbergi Pteromicrapectorosa SCIOMYZA Fall\u00e9n, 1820Sciomyzadryomyzina Zetterstedt, 1846Sciomyzasebezhica Przhiboro, 2001Sciomyzasimplex Fall\u00e9n, 1820TETANURA Fall\u00e9n, 1820Tetanurapallidiventris Fall\u00e9n, 1820Tetanocerini Newman, 1834ANTICHETA Haliday, 1839Antichetaanalis Antichetaatriseta Antichetabrevipennis Antichetanigra Karl, 1921nigroaenea Frey, 1935= COREMACERA Rondani, 1856Coremaceramarginata tristis  preocc.= DICHETOPHORA Rondani, 1868Dichetophorafinlandica Verbeke, 1964DICTYA Meigen, 1803Dictyaumbrarum ECTINOCERA Zetterstedt, 1838Ectinoceraborealis Zetterstedt, 1838ELGIVA Meigen, 1838Elgivacucularia Elgivadivisa PageBreakElgivasolicita sundewalli Kloet & Hincks, 1945= EUTHYCERA Latreille, 1829Euthycerachaerophylli Euthycerafumigata HYDROMYA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Hydromyadorsalis ILIONE Haliday in Curtis, 1837Tumidicerus Knutson & Berg, 1967= Ilionesg.  Haliday in Curtis, 1837Ilionelineata Knutsoniasg.  Verbeke, 1964Ilionealbiseta LIMNIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Limniapaludicola Elberg, 1965Limniaunguicornis PHERBINA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Pherbinacoryleti PSACADINA Enderlein, 1939Psacadinazernyi punctata misid.= RENOCERA Hendel, 1900Renocerapallida Renocerastriata Renocerastroblii Hendel, 1900fuscinervis auct. nec = SEPEDON Latreille, 1804Sepedonsg.  Latreille, 1804Sepedonsphegea Sepedonspinipes TETANOCERA Dum\u00e9ril, 1800Chaetotetanocerasg.  Mayer, 1953Tetanocerarobusta Loew, 1847Tetanocerasg.  Dum\u00e9ril, 1800Tetanoceraamurensis Hendel, 1909? Tetanoceraarrogans Meigen, 1830Tetanoceraelata Tetanoceraferruginea Fall\u00e9n, 1820brunnipennis Frey, 1924= Tetanocerafreyi Stackelberg, 1963Tetanocerafuscinervis unicolor Loew, 1847= Tetanocerahyalipennis von Roser, 1840PageBreakTetanocerakerteszi Hendel, 1901griseicollis Frey, 1924= ornatifrons Frey, 1924= Tetanoceralapponica Frey, 1924Tetanoceralatifibula Frey, 1924Tetanoceramontana Day, 1881borealis Frey, 1924= Tetanoceraphyllophora Melander, 1920nigricosta misid.= Tetanocerasilvatica Meigen, 1830TRYPETOPTERA Hendel, 1900Trypetopterapunctulata SEPSIDAE Walker, 1833ORYGMATINAE Frey, 1921ORTALISCHEMA Frey, 1925Ortalischemaalbitarse SEPSINAE Walker, 1833THEMIRA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Themiraannulipes Themiraarctica Themirabiloba Andersson, 1975Themiragermanica Duda, 1926Themiragracilis Themiraleachi Themiralucida Themiramalformans Melander & Spuler, 1917Themiraminor Themiranigricornis Themirapaludosa Elberg, 1963Themirapusilla Themiraputris Themirasuperba SALTELLA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Saltellasphondylii NEMOPODA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Nemopodanitidula cylindrica  preocc.= Nemopodapectinulata Loew, 1873Nemopodaspeiseri MEROPLIUS Rondani, 1874Meropliusfukuharai Meropliusminutus PageBreakstercorarius = SEPSIS Fall\u00e9n, 1810Sepsisbiflexuosa Strobl, 1893Sepsiscynipsea Sepsisduplicata Haliday, 1838pilipes van der Wulp, 1871= Sepsisflavimana Meigen, 1826borealis Frey, 1825= Sepsisfulgens Meigen, 1826communis Frey, 1925= Sepsisluteipes Melander & Spuler, 1917lamellifera Frey, 1925= Sepsisnigripes Meigen, 1826Sepsisorthocnemis Frey, 1908Sepsispunctum luteipes misid.= Sepsisthoracica Sepsisviolacea Meigen, 1826Allopiophiladudai  not found within present bordersBactrocera sp. imported with fruitCampiglossairrorata  not found within present bordersCeratitiscapitata  imported with fruitEaromyiacrystallophila  not found within present bordersnigroviolacea = Lonchaeahirticeps Zetterstedt, 1838 misidentifiedOrygmaluctuosum Meigen, 1830 not found within present bordersPherbelliadorsata  misidentifiedTephritisnigricauda  misidentifiedAllopiophiladudai . This species was described by Allopiophila sp. A. An apparently undescribed arctic species near Allopiophilavulgaris.Campiglossa sp. A is a distinct, possibly undescribed species of Campiglossa. It is common on Saussureaalpina in Northern Finland .PageBreakLonchaeabruggeri Morge, 1967, Lonchaeacontigua Collin, 1953 and Lonchaeadifficilis Hackman, 1956. No males have been confirmed from the country. See Lonchaeabukowskii Czerny, 1934. No males have been confirmed from the country.Tephritissp. cf.rydeni Hering, 1956. Finnish material formerly assigned to Tephritisdioscurea  belongs to a currently unrecognised species that may be Tephritisrydeni Hering (i Hering .Tetanoceraamurensis Hendel, 1909. Recorded from Finland in Fauna Europaea (Europaea  and knowEuropaea . We have"}
+{"text": "AbstractBackgroundChalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea substantially updates the previous comprehensive checklist, dating from 1978. Country level data  is reported where known.A revised checklist of the British and Irish New informationChalcidoidea species represents a 22% increase on the number of British species known in 1978.A total of 1754 British and Irish  Hymenoptera of Britain and Ireland, starting with Hymenoptera species recorded reliably from Britain and Ireland.This paper continues the series of checklists of the Chalcidoidea is one of the largest and most diverse Hymenoptera superfamilies. Most species are under 3mm, and the group includes the smallest known winged insect, Kikikihuna Huber & Beardsley (a mymarid not found in the British Isles) measuring only 0.16 mm in body length , which contains original citations as well as references for all subsequent generic combinations and synonymies, and extensive lists of published host and distribution records. While the latter can be used to generate regional lists of Chalcidoidea, a British and Irish species list extracted from the UCD will not match the present checklist, from which published erroneous records have been removed and to which a large number of unpublished records based on reliably identified specimens in collections have been added.With more than 22,000 described species worldwide, y length . ChalcidChalcidoidea families are recognized, 16 of which are represented in the British and Irish fauna. There have been some changes to the family-level classification recently  tribe Miscogasterini  recently  and morehecklist  include erfamily , the resasterini , the inclophinae , and theomalinae .Chalcidoidea list, with 1754 species, is now 22% larger than in 1978 , Tetrastichustompanus (Erd\u00f6s) and Entedonulmi Erd\u00f6s. A detailed comparison of the 1978 checklist with the 2016 checklist can be found in Suppl. material The British and Irish Hymenoptera section, NHM Wasps.Some of the diversity of British chalcids is illustrated in Figs UCD, with further editing and research by the authors. Nomenclature follows the UCD, and distribution data are taken from the collections of the BMNH, the UCD and from various published sources, which are cited. Nomenclatural acts can be traced through the UCD; deviations from that source are cited. A more complete methodology can be found in UCD.The bulk of the data behind this checklist is from the The following conventions and abbreviations are used here:species] taxon deleted from the British and Irish list. nomen dubium, a name of doubtful status - England - Wales - England - England - England (included as a tentative synonym of Choreiainepta by Bou\u010dek & Graham (1978)) - England - England][suada  nom. dub.] - listed as British by . - Recorded as new to Britain by [Bou\u010dek, 1994EnglandAdded by Bou\u010dek (1994)(Fonscolombe 1832)Cynipsaffinis Fonscolombe, 1832apicalisCallimome)     Callimomeamurensis Walker, 1874England, IrelandCallimomeangelicae Walker, 1836abdominalis Boheman, 1834 preocc.IrelandT.cingulatus by Bou\u010dek and Graham (1978)Listed as a synonym of Boheman, 1834nobilis England, IrelandCallimomearundinis Walker, 1833compactusCallimome)  Cynipsaurata M\u00fcller, 1764nigricornutusCynipsichneumon)          Callimomebasalis Walker, 1833viridiaeneusCallimome) Ichneumonbedeguaris Linnaeus, 1758viridisCynips)   ?elegans Boheman, 1834foersteri Ratzeburg, 1844divisusCallimome)  Boheman, 1834Added by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Graham & Gijswijt, 1998EnglandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Graham & Gijswijt, 1998ScotlandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Graham & Gijswijt, 1998EnglandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Boheman, 1834distinctus F\u00f6rster, 1841Graham & Gijswijt, 1998EnglandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Boheman, 1834Callimomechloromerus Walker, 1833abdominalisCallimome)    Callimomeconfinis Walker, 1833curtusCallimome)   Ratzeburg, 1844Added by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Boheman, 1834Added by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Graham & Gijswijt, 1998England, WalesAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Graham & Gijswijt, 1998EnglandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Walker, 1847dubius Ratzeburg, 1848eurynotusCallimome)   Ichneumonerucarum Schrank, 1781fulgensIchneumon) Fabricius, 1798 (purpurascensCynips)   Boheman, 1834robustus Ratzeburg, 1852EnglandGraham & Gijswijt, 1998EnglandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Callimomeflavipes Walker, 1833auratusCynips) preocc.                 Callimomeformosus Walker, 1833amoenus Boheman, 1834compressus F\u00f6rster, 1841EnglandCallimomefuscicornis Walker, 1833posticusCallimome)  Boheman, 1834EnglandCallimomegeranii Walker, 1833cyniphidum Ratzeburg, 1844lusitanicus Tavares, 1901EnglandGraham & Gijswijt, 1998EnglandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Bou\u010dek, 1994England, WalesAdded by Bou\u010dek (1994)Callimomehederae Walker, 1833Graham & Gijswijt, 1998EnglandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Wachtl, 1883EnglandGraham, 1994EnglandAdded by Graham (1994)Mayr, 1874EnglandRondani, 1877bakkendorfiCallimome) Ichneumonjuniperi Linnaeus, 1758maestusCallimome)  Callimomelaetus Walker, 1833congruens F\u00f6rster, 1841rufipes F\u00f6rster, 1841hormomyiae Kieffer, 1899England, IrelandGraham, 1994EnglandAdded by Graham (1994)Graham & Gijswijt, 1998EnglandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Callimomemicrocerus Walker, 1833aeropeCallimome)   Callimomemicrostigma Walker, 1833brevicaudaCallimome)  ?pruni Cameron, 1883EnglandCallimomenigritarsus Walker, 1833alpinus Thomson, 1876taxi Ruschka, 1921EnglandCallimomenitidulus Walker, 1833pallidicornis Boheman, 1834nanulusCallimome)  Callimomenotatus Walker, 1833incrassataSyntomaspis) Mayr, 1874Added by Bou\u010dek (1994)Ruschka, 1921schiodteiCallimome)  Graham & Gijswijt, 1998EnglandAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Thomson, 1876IrelandGraham & Gijswijt, 1998WalesAdded by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Boheman, 1834macrocentrus Ratzeburg, 1852Callimomeregalis Walker, 1833Callimomeroboris Walker, 1833nitidulus Nees, 1834 preoccEngland(Schrank 1781)Cynipsrubi Schrank, 1781macropterusCallimome) Callimomescutellaris Walker, 1833auronitens F\u00f6rster, 1841pleuralis Thomson, 1876EnglandBoheman, 1834Added by Graham and Gijswijt (1998)Graham, 1994EnglandAdded by Graham (1994)Ruschka, 1921Added by Jennings (2009d)Zetterstedt, 1838pumilus Ratzeburg, 1844EnglandRuschka, 1921EnglandCallimomevarians Walker, 1833annellusSyntomaspsis) Cinipsventralis Fonscolombe, 1832antennatusCallimome)      Grissell, 1995Masi, 1921HOLASPIS 1874 preocc.SENEGALELLA Risbec, 1951THIESIA Risbec, 1951Callimomearvernicus Walker, 1833dubiusTorymus)   Callimomefrontinus Walker, 1851carinataHolaspis) (Boheman 1834)Torymusmilitaris Boheman, 1834parellinusTorymus) Callimomenephthys Walker, 1848EnglandRuschka, 1923medicaginis misident.P.medicaginis  was listed as doubtfully British by P.salicis.Walker, 1871DIMEROMICRUS Crawford, 1910MACRODONTOMERUS Girault, 1913DIDACTYLIOCERUS Masi, 1916AMEROMICRUS Nikol'skaya, 1954PONDOTORYMUS Bou?ek, 1978(Mayr 1874)Holaspiskiesenwetteri Mayr, 1874longicaudaDimeromicrus) F\u00f6rster, 1856WEBSTERELLUS Ashmead, 1893Torymuscaliginosus Walker, 1833fulvocinctus F\u00f6rster, 1859intermedius F\u00f6rster, 1859macromerus F\u00f6rster, 1859F\u00f6rster, 1856OLIGOSTHENUS F\u00f6rster, 1856(Fabricius 1793)Ichneumonstigma Fabricius, 1793aterTorymus)  Lochitespapaveris F\u00f6rster, 1856EnglandAdded by Jennings (2007c)Ashmead, 1904Girault, 1912Girault, 1911LATHROMEROIDES Girault, 1913DIACLAVA Blood & Kryger, 1928KRYGERIOLA Novicki, 1934THALESANNA Girault, 1938LENGERKENIOLA Novicky, 1946ENCYRTOGRAMMA De Santis, 1957TANYGRAMMA De Santis, 1957Diaclavawaterhousei Blood & Kryger, 1928EnglandWalker, 1851CENTROBIA F\u00f6rster, 1856CENTROBIELLA Girault, 1912RATZEBURGALLA Girault, 1938Walker, 1851IrelandPteroptrixdoricha Walker, 1839errataCentrobia) Centrobiasilvestrii Kryger, 1920Trichogrammawalkeri F\u00f6rster, 1851F\u00f6rster, 1856LATHROMERELLA Girault, 1912GAROUELLA Risbec, 1956F\u00f6rster, 1856italicaLathromerella) Orthoneurabimaculata Blood, 1923EnglandGirault, 1913NEOCENTROBIA Blood, 1923STEPHANOTHEISA Soyka, 1931GRANTANNA Girault, 1939Centrobiafoersteri Kryger, 1919hirticornisNeocentrobia)  Centrobiafumipennis Blood, 1923princeps Steffan, 1954EnglandNowicki, 1940Nowicki, 1940Ashmead, 1904Girault, 1914Brachystirapungens Mayr, 1904platoni Girault, 1914nigraBrachista) Brachistarufina Nowicki, 1936Girault, 1916PAROLIGOSITA Girault & Dodd, 1915 preocc.Oligositanudipennis Kryger, 1919Timberlake, 1924EnglandMegaphragma have been found in England ; listed here as a record of this genus from Britain and Ireland.BMNH, det. Noyes & Polaszek, added here. Two unidentified species of Walker, 1851WESTWOODELLA Ashmead, 1904PAROLIGOSITA Kurdjumov, 1911Pteroptrixacestes Walker, 1839werneriChaetostricha)  Oligositakrygeri Girault, 1929pulchraChaetostricha)   Monorthochaetapulchella Claridge, 1959EnglandHaliday, 1851Haliday, 1851Girault, 1915TRACHOCERA Blood & Kryger, 1928Asynactalongicauda Blood, 1923longicaudaTrachocera) preocc.   Westwood, 1833CALLEPTILES Haliday, 1833PENTARTHRON Riley, 1872APROBOSCA Westwood, 1879OOPHTHORA Aurivillius, 1898XANTHOATOMUS Ashmead, 1904NEOTRICHOGRAMMA Girault, 1911NUNIELLA Kostadinov, 1988Marchal, 1927cacoeciae misspelling,flavum Marchal, 1936EnglandAdded by Fursov and Pintureau (1999)Birova & Kazimirova, 1997EnglandAdded by Fursov (2000)Dugast & Voegel\u201a 1984EnglandAdded by Fursov (2000)Matsumura, 1926pallida Meyer, 1940EnglandBMNH, det. Stouthamer, added hereWestwood, 1833latipennisCalleptiles)  Riley, 1871minutissimum Packard, 1881odontotae Howard, 1885intermedium Howard, 1889albipesXanthoatomus) Anagrusniveiscapus Morley, 1950EnglandOophthorasemblidis Aurivillius, 1898schuberti Voegel\u201a & Russo, 1982EnglandDyurich, 1987EnglandAdded by Fursov (2000)Girault, 1911Trichogrammastammeri Novicky, 1946EnglandBMNH, det. Fursov, added hereDebauche, 1948Serphitoidea, with the extinct family Serphitidae, but there is very little justification for this other than the two-segmented petiole, the families being otherwise dissimilar Petiolariaanomala Blood & Kryger, 1922EnglandSupplementary material 1Chalcidoidea checklist 2016 dataBritish and Irish Data type: namesBrief description: Names of species included in the 2016 checklist, with notes and synonymyFile: oo_86736.xlsxNatalie Dale-SkeySupplementary material 2Comparison of 1978 checklist species with 2016 checklistData type: namesBrief description: This document lists the valid species included in the 1978 checklist with their corresponding entry in the 2016 checklist, indicating name changes and exclusions. It includes lists of the species lost and gained through taxonomic changes.File: oo_86644.xlsxNatalie Dale-SkeySupplementary material 3Taxa added from collections surveysData type: namesChalcidoidea checklist based on reliably identified specimens in collectionsBrief description: A list of new (unpublished) records in the British and Irish File: oo_86606.xlsxNatalie Dale-Skey"}
+{"text": "AbstractSimuliidae (Diptera) is provided for Finland and recognizes 56 species. One new record has been added (Simuliumlatipes) and one name sunken in synonymy (Simuliumcarpathicum). Furthermore, Simuliumtsheburovae is treated as a doubtful record.A checklist of the family  Simuliidae is a relatively small family of nematoceran flies, comprised of 2,163 species  world-wide PROSIMULIUM Roubaud, 1906Prosimuliumhirtipes Prosimuliumluganicum Rubtsov, 1956Prosimuliummacropyga Prosimuliumursinum Simuliini Newman, 1834tribe CNEPHIA Enderlein, 1921Cnephiaeremites Shewell, 1952Cnephiapallipes lapponica = GRENIERA Doby & David, 1959Grenieraivanovae Ivashchenko, 1970METACNEPHIA Crosskey, 1969Metacnephiabilineata saileri = Metacnephialyra tabescentifrons = trigoniformis Yankovsky, 2003= Metacnephiatredecimata SIMULIUM Latreille, 1802Boophthorasg.  Enderlein, 1921Simuliumerythrocephalum Eusimuliumsg.  Roubaud, 1906Simuliumangustipes Edwards, 1915securiforme = PageBreakSimuliumaureum Fries, 1824Simuliumvelutinum Boreosimuliumsg.  Rubzov & Yankovsky, 1982Simuliumannulus Simuliumbaffinense Twinn, 1936Simuliumcrassum Hellichiellasg.  Rivosecchi & Cardinali, 1975Simuliumdogieli Simuliumlatipes Simuliumusovae Nevermanniasg.  Enderlein, 1921Cnetha Enderlein, 1921= Simuliumangustitarse Simuliumbeltukovae carpathicum = Simuliumbicorne Dorogostaisky, Rubtsov & Vlasenko, 1935Simuliumcryophilum carthusiensef.brevicaulis Dorier & Grenier, 1961= Simuliumcurvans Simuliumdendrofilum Simuliumfontinale Radzivilovskaya, 1948Simuliumjuxtacrenobium Bass & Brockhouse, 1990Simuliumlundstromi Simuliumsilvestre Simuliumvernum Macquart, 1826pritzkowi = Schoenbaueriasg.  Enderlein, 1921Simuliumpusillum Fries, 1824Simuliumsubpusillum Rubtsov, 1940Simuliumsg.  Latreille, 1802Simuliumannulitarse Zetterstedt, 1838Simuliumargyreatum Meigen, 1838Simuliumfrigidum Rubtsov, 1940Simuliumintermedium Roubaud, 1906Simuliumlongipalpe Beltyukova, 1955curvistylus Rubtsov, 1957= Simuliummonticola Friederichs, 1920Simuliummorsitans Edwards, 1915Simuliummurmanum Enderlein, 1935forsi = Simuliumnoelleri Friederichs, 1920Simuliumornatum Meigen, 1818Simuliumparamorsitans Rubtsov, 1956PageBreakSimuliumposticatum Meigen, 1838austeni Edwards, 1915= verecundum misid.= Simuliumreptans Simuliumrostratum sublacustre Davies, 1966= Simuliumrubtzovi Smart, 1945Simuliumtransiens Rubtsov, 1940Simuliumtruncatum Simuliumtuberosum Simuliumtumulosum Rubtsov, 1956Simuliumvulgare Dorogostaisky, Rubtsov & Vlasenko, 1935Wilhelmiasg.  Enderlein, 1921Simuliumequinum zetlandense = STEGOPTERNA Enderlein, 1930Stegopternatrigonium richteri = Simuliumfuscipes  see NotesSimuliumlineatum  misidentified, most likely SimuliumequinumSimuliummeigeni Rubzov & Carlsson, 1965 see Notespygmaeum of some authors= Simuliumtsheburovae  see NotesSimuliumfuscipes . Simuliumruficorne species group in the subgenus Nevermannia, but no known records exist from Finland.Simuliummeigeni Rubzov & Carlsson, 1965. Simuliummeigeni within the subgenus Hellichiella, but there are no known records of this species in Finland. The name pygmaeum in pygmaeum that is a synonym for pusillum, not meigeni . No confirmed records of this species exist from Finland (Hellichiella ( Finland , and theichiella .PageBreak"}
+{"text": "Outcomes were assessed by 27-joint JADAS (JADAS27), based on C-reactive protein, and Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (CHAQ-DI). MDA was defined as JADAS27<3.8 and normal function as CHAQ-DI<0.5. Pts who entered the DB phase were included; data were stratified by MTX treatment (tx) at entry.This At baseline, 75 pts on MTX had a mean JADAS27 of 21.2 and CHAQ-DI of 0.9, and 58 pts who were MTX na\u00efve or had withdrawn from MTX had a mean JADAS27 of 23.8 and CHAQ-DI of 1.2. After 16wks of OL ADA, the mean JADAS27 was 6.1 and 6.7 and CHAQ-DI was 0.4 and 0.5 for ADA+MTX and ADA-MTX, respectively. Clinical improvements were seen at wk48 and wk88, and the mean JADAS27 at wk88 was 2.6, 3.0, 4.3, and 5.0 for ADA+MTX, ADA-MTX, PBO+MTX, and PBO-MTX, respectively. No pts had MDA or normal function at baseline; however, a good proportion achieved MDA and normal function during OL ADA. Fewer pts achieved MDA and normal function in the PBO tx compared with ADA continuation at both wk48 and wk88. Table P-value based on Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel statistics to test if there was a difference between ADA continuation vs. PBO.ADA\u00b1MTX resulted in a high percentage of pts achieving/sustaining MDA and normal function. Some improvement was seen with PBO during the DB period, but continued ADA tx shows better overall outcomes. A target of comprehensive disease control with MDA and normal function is achievable and aligned with current goals of JIA tx.NCT00048542N. Ruperto Grant / Research Support from: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, BMS, Janssen Biologics BV, Eli Lilly & Co, \"Francesco Angelini\", GlaxoSmithKline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Employee of: GASLINI Hospital, Speaker Bureau of: Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS, Italfarmaco, Janssen Biologics B.V., MedImmune, Roche, Wyeth/Pfizer, D. Lovell Consultant for: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Centocor, BMS, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffman La-Roche, Novartis, UBC, Genentech, Xoma, Amgen, Forest Research, Speaker Bureau of: Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, P. Quartier Grant / Research Support from: AbbVie, Novartis, Pfizer, BMS, Chugai-Roche, Medimmune, Servier, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Consultant for: AbbVie, Novartis, Pfizer, BMS, Chugai-Roche, Medimmune, Servier, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, A. Ravelli Grant / Research Support from: Pfizer, Consultant for: Hoffman La-Roche, Speaker Bureau of: Hoffman La-Roche, Centocore, BMS, Pfizer, Novartis, AbbVie, M. Karunaratne Shareholder of: AbbVie, Employee of: AbbVie, J. Kalabic Shareholder of: AbbVie, Employee of: AbbVie, A. Cardoso Shareholder of: AbbVie, Employee of: AbbVie, A. Martini Grant / Research Support from: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, BMS, Janssen Biologics BV, Eli Lilly & Co, \"Francesco Angelini\", GlaxoSmithKline, Italfarmaco, Naovartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Employee of: GASLINI Hospital, Speaker Bureau of: Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, G. Horneff Grant / Research Support from: AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, Speaker Bureau of: AbbVie, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports5: Article number: 1475610.1038/srep14756; published online: 10062015; updated: 01112016The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Idan Cohen, Peleg Rider, Elena Vornov, Martin Tomas, Cicerone Tudor, Mareike Wegner, Lydia Brondani, Marina Freudenberg, Gerhard Mittler, Elisa Ferrando-May, Ron N. Apte and Robert Schneider which were incorrectly given as Cohen Idan, Rider Peleg, Voronov Elena, Tomas Martin, Tudor Cicerone, Wegner Mareike, Brondani Lydia, Freudenberg Marina, Mittler Gerhard, Ferrando-May Elisa, Apte N. Ron and Schneider Robert respectively. These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Canakinumab (CAN), a selective, human anti-IL-1\u03b2 monoclonal antibody is approved for SJIA in over 30 countries. Efficacy and safety of CAN over 12 weeks have been demonstrated in 2 phase III trials . Higher aACR-JIA 70 and 90 responses were observed for ETN na\u00efve pts vs. those exposed to ETN ; while ADA- na\u00efve pts had similar responses to CAN as ADA-exposed pt (aACR-JIA 70: 61% vs 56%) and they had higher aACR-JIA 90 response (aACR-JIA90: 50% vs. 22%).In general, pts previously exposed to biologics achieved aACR-JIA 50,70 and 90 responses to CAN quickly in the first 2 weeks, and maintained their response up to Week 12; albeit at a numerically lower level than biologic-na\u00efve pts. These data support the consistent efficacy of CAN across different subgroups of pts.P. Quartier Grant / Research Support from: Abbvie, BMS, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer and SOBI, Consultant for: Abbvie, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Servier and SOBI, Speaker Bureau of: Chugai-Roche, MEDIMMUNE, Novartis, Pfizer, A. Grom Consultant for: Novartis, Roche, NovImmune, N. Ruperto Grant / Research Support from: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., Speaker Bureau of: Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Janssen Biologics B.V.,Roche, Wyeth/Pfizer, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, Pfizer, UCB, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Regeneron, Paid Instructor for: Novartis, Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, Genentech, K. Schikler Grant / Research Support from: Pfizer, Novartis, Abbvie, Roche, Genentech, Forest, Speaker Bureau of: Abbvie, Novartis, M. Erguven: None declared., L. Goffin Consultant for: Novartis, Pfizer , M. Hofer Grant / Research Support from: Novartis, Pfizer, Abbvie, T. Kallinich Grant / Research Support from: Novartis, Speaker Bureau of: Roche, Novartis, ALK, K. Marzan Grant / Research Support from: Novartis, C. Gaillez Employee of: Novartis, K. Lheritier Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, K. Abrams Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, A. Martini Grant / Research Support from: The Gaslini Hospital, which is the public Hospital where I work as full time employee, has received contributions to support the PRINTO research activities from the following companies: Bristol Myers and Squibb, Centocor Research & Development, Glaxo Smith & Kline,Novartis,Pfizer Inc, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH , Speaker Bureau of: Abbott, Bristol MyersSquibb, Astellas, Behringer, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Pfizer,Sanofi,Roche, Servier, D. Lovell Grant / Research Support from: National Institutes of Health- NIAMS , Consultant for: Astra-Zeneca, Centocor, Amgen, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Novartis, UBC, Forest Research Institute, Horizon, Johnson & Johnson, Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, Roche"}
+{"text": "Nippostrongylus brasiliensis\u201d [In our original published manuscript entitled \u201cType 2 immunity-dependent reduction of segmented filamentous bacteria in mice infected with the helminthic parasite liensis\u201d , a co-auThe correct author list should include Emmanuel Mongodin from the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, and read \u201cW. Florian Fricke, Yang Song, An-Jiang Wang, Allen Smith, Viktoriya Grinchuk, Emmanuel Mongodin, Chenlin Pei, Bing Ma, Nonghua Lu, Joseph F. Urban, Terez Shea-Donohue and Aiping Zhao\u201d. Correspondingly, the authors contribution should read \u201cWFF and AZ conceived the study concept and design. YS, AJW, VG, EM, CP, and NL did the acquisition of data. WFF, YS, BM, and AZ interpreted and analyzed the data. WFF, YS, and AZ drafted the manuscript. WFF, JFU, TSD, and AZ made the critical revision of the manuscript. YS and AZ did the statistical analysis. WFF and AZ obtained funding. All authors read and approved the final manuscript\u201d."}
+{"text": "After publication of this work , we noteThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.TM, HW, HN, ST and NS designed the experiment, interpreted the data and prepared the manuscript. TM, LW, HK, MM, MK, MKH, PD, TK, MT conducted the experiment, collected the data and helped to prepare the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."}
+{"text": "Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis to the Gallbladder Detected by FDG-PET/CT\u201d, by Aung Zaw Win, published in Vol. 6, No. 6, 2014, p482-486, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jocmr1886w. The author would like to add a contributing author in the second position of author list, the new author list should read as follows.Corrections to article \u201ca, c, Carina Mari AparicibAung Zaw WinaDepartment of Radiology, San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USAbDepartment of Radiology, University California San Francisco (UCSF), 500 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USAcCorresponding Author: Aung Zaw Win, Department of Radiology, San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. Email: aungzwin@gmail.comThis work was performed at the San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA"}
+{"text": "AbstractBombyliidae, Diptera) have been listed in this paper as new to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Four of the recorded species have been identified to the level of species, namely: Bombomyiadiscoidea , Spogostylumcandidum , Exoprosopalinearis Bezzi, 1924, and Exoprosopaminos , while the fifth one only to genus, Desmatoneura sp. The species have been collected from Al-Baha and Asir Provinces in the south-western part of the Kingdom. One of the four identified species, Exoprosopalinearis, has an Afrotropical affinity, and another two, Spogostylumcandidum and Bombomyiadiscoidea, have considerable Afrotropical distributions, and this result agrees to some extent with studies considering these parts of the Arabian Peninsula, including Al-Baha and Asir Provinces, having Afrotropical influences and may be included in the Afrotropical Region rather than in the Palaearctic Region or the Eremic zone.Five bee-fly species ( The two provinces are similarly divided into two main sectors, a lowland at the west which forms part of the coastal plain extending from north to south, known as \u201cTihama\u201d, and a mountainous area with an elevation of 1500 to about 3000 m above sea level at the east, known as \u201cAl-Sarat\u201d or \u201cAl-Sarah\u201d which forms part of the Al-Sarawat Mountains range .The climate in Al Baha Province is generally moderate in summer and cold in winter with average monthly temperatures ranging between 12\u201323 \u00b0C. While in Asir Province, the climate is moderate with average monthly temperatures ranging between 7\u201330 \u00b0C. In the lowland coastal plain, Tihama, the climate is hot in summer, warm in spring and mild in winter, with relative humidity (RH) ranging between 52\u201367% in Al-Baha Province and up to 90% in Asir Province, and a rainfall less than 100 mm annually in both. While in the mountainous area, Al-Sarah, the weather is generally cooler due to its high altitude, in addition to the formation of clouds and fog accompanied by thunderstorms in winter. The rainfall is throughout the year in the mountainous area (Al-Sarah) with an annual average of 405 mm in Al-Baha Province and 342 mm in Asir Province  and Asir Province (Garf Raydah Protected Area) in 2013 and 2014 by the authors using aerial nets. All sites of collection were generally rich in acacia, cactus, olive, juniper and alder buckthorn trees, and support an exceptionally rich flora, with approximately 500 plant species recorded, including 63 key plant taxa including endemics and Afrotropical relicts.The global distributions of species were matched to that provided by  Efflatoun collection, Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt.EFC King Saud University Museum of Arthropod Collection, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.KSMAPageBreakExoprosopalinearis Bezzi, 1924, has an Afrotropical affinity, and another two, Spogostylumcandidum  and Bombomyiadiscoidea , have considerable Afrotropical distributions. This result agrees to some extent with studies considering that parts of the Arabian Peninsula, including Al-Baha and Asir Provinces have Afrotropical influences and may be included in the Afrotropical Region rather than in the Palaearctic Region or the Eremic zone, and the northern limit of the Afrotropical Region should be placed along the Tropic of Cancer, about 200 km north to Al-Baha This is a robust species over 10 mm in length; with body, legs, and all spines and spicules black; with uniformly long hair on abdomen black at base, white at apex; thorax of female with gray to orange-brown hairs.Afrotropical: Botswana, Burundi, Chad, Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Saudi Arabia (South-western part), Senegal, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Palaearctic: Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, China, France, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Mongolia, Russia, Spain, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.20.02.723N,41.28.565E, 2324m], 20.V.2013, (El-Hawagry); 1 female, same data, 2.VI.2013; 1 female, Asir Province, Garf Raydah Protected Area , 6.VI.2014, (El-Hawagry). All deposited in EFC.1 female, Al-Baha Province, Ghabet Shahba , Saudi Arabia (South-western part), United Arab Emirates. Oriental: Pakistan. Palaearctic: Iran, Turkey.19\u00b050.710'N, 41\u00b018.267'E, 1474 m], 4.VI.2014, (El-Hawagry). Deposited in KSMA.2 males, Al-Baha Province, Jabal Shada Al A\u2019Ala Protected Area , 27.III.2013, (El-Hawagry). Deposited in EFC.1 female, Al-Baha Province, Al-Mekhwa , VI-V.2013, (El-Hawagry). Deposited in EFC.1 male and 2 females, Al-Baha Province, Aqabet Al Baha-Tihama , 4.VI.2014, (El-Hawagry). Deposited in KSMA.1 male, Al-Baha Province, Jabal Shada Al A\u2019Ala Protected Area [PageBreak"}
+{"text": "AbstractHymenoptera  is revised. Species distribution is summarised for all species at the level of country .The checklist of British and Irish aculeate The 601 native species represent an increase of 25 on the 1978 checklist, comprising mostly new discoveries. This increase is nearly balanced by the 23 species now presumed to be extinct in Britain and Ireland. Hymenoptera checklist . With multiple evolutions of eusociality, importance as pollinators, predators and parasitoids and general conspicuousness, the aculeates have always attracted attention and very good summaries of their biology can be found in a diverse array of texts for a variety of different audiences, from The aculeate Hymenoptera checklist are laid out in The rationale and background to the updated Apidae and, as discussed in the introduction to this checklist series  and because this is the system employed in the most authoritative treatise on bee classification  handbook to the British fauna, except that we employ six families rather than including all bees in t series , we do nfication , as wellwebsite), the catalogue of Irish Hymenoptera  or identification in the British Isles uncertainmisident. has been misidentified as this namenomen dubium, a name of unknown or doubtful applicationnom. dub. nomen oblitum, \u2018forgotten name\u2019, does not have priority over a younger namenom. ob. nomen novum, a replacement namenom. nov. nomen nudum, an unavailable name, with no type specimennom. nud. preocc. name preoccupied (junior homonym)status revocatus, revived status stat. rev. unavailable not meeting the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclaturevar. variety, only available as a valid name under the provisions of article 45.6 of the ICZNText and spreadsheet versions of the checklists are available as supplementary files: Suppl. materials Latreille, 1802Apoidea follows online checklist of Western Palaearctic bees. The \u2018traditional\u2019 family Sphecidae is paraphyletic with respect to the bee families Sphexboops Schrank, 1781abdominalisTiphia)   Larrapinguis Dahlbom, 1832stigma misident.pinguisLarra) preocc.  Pompiluslunicornis Fabricius, 1798kenediiAlyson) Gorytesfargeii Shuckard, 1837campestris misident.mongolensis Tsuneki, 1971przewalskyi Kazenas, 1971England, WalesSphexmystaceus Linnaeus, 1761campestrisVespa)        Eusponguslaticinctus Lepeletier, 1832England, WalesMellinusquadrifasciatus Fabricius, 1804vicinusEuspongus)  Pompilustumidus Panzer, 1801japonensisDienoplus) Crabrobicinctus Rossi, 1794EnglandLatreille, 1804Latreille, 1796SYNNEVRUS Costa, 1859Jurine, 1807wesmaeli Lepeletier, 1845distinguendus Chevrier, 1867England, WalesMellinusinterruptus Fabricius, 1798spinosusCeropales) Sphexspinosus Forster, 1771bidensVespa)  preocc.   Crabrotrimaculatus Rossi, 1790England, WalesLatreille, 1802Latreille, 1802Fabricius, 1775THYREOPUS Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835ANOTHYREUS Dahlbom, 1845THYREOCNEMUS Costa, 1871PARANOTHYREUS Ashmead, 1899SYNOTHYREOPUS Ashmead, 1899AGNOSICRABRO Pate, 1944DYSCOLOCRABRO Pate, 1944HEMITHYREOPUS Pate, 1944NORUMBEGA Pate, 1947PARANOTHYREUS Pate, 1944PARATHYREOPUS Pate, 1944PEMPHILIS Pate, 1944OTHYREUS Marshakov, 1977Vespacribraria Linnaeus, 1758patellariusSphex)    Sphexpeltarius Schreber, 1784patellatus Panzer, 1797dentipes Panzer, 1797mediatus Fabricius, 1798England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManSphexscutellatus von Scheven, 1781scutulariusSphex)  Crabrocongener Dahlbom, 1844Englandadded by Crabropodagricus Vander Linden, 1829vicinus Dahlbom, 1842punctata \u0160noflak, 1948snoflaki Zavadil, 1948England, WalesPerkins, 1913CORENOCRABRO Tsuneki, 1974Crabrovagabundus Panzer, 1798varusCrabro) preocc.      Blepharipusannulipes Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835gonagerBlepharipus)      Crabrocapitosus Shuckard, 1837annulusCrabro) Crabrocetratus Shuckard, 1837vanderlindeniCrabro)   Sphexleucostoma Linnaeus, 1758carbonariusCrabro)           Crabromegacephalus Rossi, 1790leucostoma misident.bidensCrabro)     Blepharipusnigritus Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835pubescensCrabro)    Crabrostyrius Kohl, 1892pauxillusCrabro)  Crabrowalkeri Shuckard, 1837aphidium misident.geniculatusCrabro)   Crabrodistinguendus Morawitz, 1866mucronatusCrabro) CrabroelongatulusCrabro Vander Linden, annulatus Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835varipes Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835affinis Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835luteipalpis Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835morio Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835pallidipalpis Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835proximusCrabro)          .The British population is considered to belong to the subspecies CrabroexiguusCrabro Vander Linden, aphidum Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835EnglandLepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835punctumCrabro)    Sphexpalmipes Linnaeus, 1767palmariusSphex)     Crabrotarsatus Shuckard, 1837palmipes misident.palmatus De Stefani Perez, 1884 preocc,England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManLepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835 nomen protectumvarius misspellingpusillus Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835striatulus Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835spinipectusCrabro)   CrabrowesmaeliCrabro Vander Linden, maurusCeratocolus)   preocc.   Crabrodimidiatus Fabricius, 1781subpunctatusCrabro)       Crabroquadrimaculatus Fabricius, 1793quadripunctatusCrabro)   Vander Linden, 1829, bimaculatus Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835quniquemaculatusCrabro)  Crabrocavifrons Thomson, 1870cephalotes misident.England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManCrabrolapidarius Panzer, 1804cinctusCrabro)          Crabroruficornis Zetterstedt, 1838aurilabrisCrabro)        Crabrosexcinctus Fabricius, 1775planifrons misident.quadricinctusCrabro)           Crabroborealis Zetterstedt, 1838bipunctatusCrabro)     Soleniusdives Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835octonotatusSolenius)      preocc.     Crabrocontinuus Fabricius, 1804vagus misident.sexmaculatusCrabro) preocc.          Soleniusrubicola Dufour & Perris, 1840microstictusCrabro)   Crabrocephalotes Olivier, 1792quadricinctus misident.floralisCrabro)          preocc.    Crabrolituratus Panzer, 1805petiolatusSolenius)        Crabrobrevis Vander Linden, 1829apicalisLindenius)  Apisclypeata Schreber, 1759ovataSphex)   preocc.    Crabroalbilabris Fabricius, 1793aenescensCrabro) Crabropanzeri Vander Linden, 1829venustus Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835latebrosusCrabro) Crabropygmaeus Rossi, 1794curtus Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835kratochviliCrabro) .Represented by the subspecies Stephens, 1829Stephens, 1829EUPLILIS Risso, 1826 nom. ob.PHYSOSCELUS Lepeletier & Brull\u00e9, 1835Sphexclavipes Linnaeus, 1758rufiventrisCrabro) Sphexcoarctata Scopoli, 1763crassipesCrabro)  preocc.   Astatanitida Spinola, 1805unicolor misident.ibericusTachytes) Tachytesobscuripennis Schenck, 1857lativalvisTachytes) Larrapompiliformis Panzer, 1805pectinipes misident.nigripennisTachytes)     Larraunicolor Panzer, 1809nitidus misident.juriniiLarra)  Dahlbom, 1844bicolor misident.moravicus Balthazar, 1957EnglandLatreille, 1809TENILA Br\u00e8thes, 1913RHINONITELA Williams, 1928Valkeila, 1974Englandadded by Felton (1987)Gayubo & Felton, 2000spinolae misident.EnglandNitelaspinolae Latreille, 1809 but described later as a new species  Vespauniglumis Linnaeus, 1758punctataNomada)   Sphexfigulus Linnaeus, 1758fuliginosaSphex) de Beaumont, 1945koma Tsuneki, 1956Englandadded by Felton (1988)Fox, 1895Panzer, 1806DINETUS Jurine, 1807 preocc.Crabropictus Fabricius, 1793guttatusSphex) preocc. Vespaarvensis Linnaeus, 1758vagusSphex)        preocc.           Sphexcrabronea Thunberg, 1791sabulosusCrabro) preocc.  preocc.  preocc.   Crabrominutus Fabricius, 1793franclemonti Krombein, 1939England, Wales, Isle of ManPemphredontristis Vander Linden, 1829England, Scotland, WalesShuckard, 1837XYLOECUS Shuckard, 1837COELOECUS Verh\u00f6ff, 1890HEROECUS Verh\u00f6ff, 1890Faester, 1947angustus Gussakovskij, 1952EnglandShuckard, 1837England, WalesKohl, 1893Englandadded by Richards (1980)Diodontusgracilis Curtis, 1834insignis misident.turionum misident.brevicornis Morawitz, 1864EnglandPemphredoninsignis Vander Linden, 1829roettgeni Verh\u00f6ff, 1890shuckardi Yasumatsu, 1934England, WalesDahlbom, 1842England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandDahlbom, 1844gracilis misident.tenuis Morawitz, 1864gertrudis Krombein, 1938England, WalesDahlbom, 1844Englandadded by Guichard (2002)Latreille, 1796CEMONUS Panzer, 1806DINEURUS Westwood, 1837CERATOPHORUS Shuckard, 1837DIPHLEBUS Westwood, 1840CHEVRIERIA Kohl, 1883SUSANOWO Tsuneki, 1972Taxonomy follows Diphlebusaustriacus Kohl, 1888enslini misident.coracina Valkeila, 1972tener Valkeila, 1972nescia Merisuo, 1972EnglandPemphredonenslini . There has been much confusion over the identities of these taxa   Cemonuslethifer Shuckard, 1837lethifera misspellingaustriaca misident.strigatusCemonus)      Crabrolugubris Fabricius, 1793concolor Say, 1824ocellaris Gimmerthal, 1836luctuosa Shuckard, 1837morio Cresson, 1865 preocc.cressoni Dalla Torre, 1897provancheri Dalla Torre, 1897tinctipennis Cameron, 1908shawii Rohwer, 1917pacifica Gussakovkij, 1932England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManVander Linden, 1829anthracinusCeratophorus) Cemonusrugifer Dahlbom, 1844rugifera misspellingunicolorSphex) preocc.     in several publications, following the synonymy by Has been called Celiacurruca Dahlbom, 1844pulawskii Dolfuss, 1983nikkoensis Tsuneki, 1971EnglandBl\u00fcthgen, 1953England, IrelandStigmustroglodytes Vander Linden, 1829minutissimusStigmus) Morawitz, 1864europaeus Tsuneki, 1954verhoeffi Tsuneki, 1954England, WalesCosta, 1858Shuckard, 1837APORIA Wesmael, 1852 preocc.APORINA Gussakovskij, 1937 preocc.Psenbicolor Jurine, 1807equestris misident.rufaPsen)  Trypoxylonequestre Fabricius, 1804bicolor misident.England, Scotland, WalesSphexlutarius Fabricius, 1787shuckardi Wesmael, 1852basirufa Packard, 1867nebrascensis Smith, 1908disparPsen) Mimesaatratina Morawitz, 1891carbonariaMimesa)    Mimesadahlbomi Wesmael, 1852England, Scotland, WalesMimesalittoralis Bondroit, 1934unicolor misident.fulvitarsisPsen)  preocc.  Mimesaspooneri Richards, 1948EnglandPsenunicolor Vander Linden, 1829borealisMimesa)   Latreille, 1796PSENUS Rafinesque, 1815PSENIA Stephens, 1829DAHLBOMIA Wissmann, 1849MESOPORA Wesmael, 1852CAENOPSEN Cameron, 1899Crabroater Olivier, 1792aterSphex) preocc.    Psenconcolor Dahlbom, 1843intermediusPsen)  Sphexpallipes Panzer, 1798atratusTrypoxylon)       Psenschencki Tournier, 1889simplexPsen)  Sphexarenarius Linnaeus, 1758xanthocephalaSphex)      Philanthusquadricinctus Panzer, 1799fasciata Spinola, 1806EnglandCrabroquinquefasciatus Rossi, 1792interrupta misident.nasuta Dahlbom, 1844 preocc.subdepressa Lepeletier, 1845EnglandPhilanthusruficornis Fabricius, 1793labiata misident.bidensCrabro)    Sphexrybyensis Linnaeus, 1771ornataPhilanthus)       Philanthussabulosus Panzer, 1799emarginataPhilanthus)   Vespatriangulum Fabricius, 1775ruspatrixVespa) nom. ob.      Sphexsabulosus Linnaeus, 1758hortensisSphex)   preocc.  Ammophilaaffinis Kirby, 1798lutaria misident.ariasiAmmophila) Sphexhirsutus Scopoli, 1763viatica misident.arenariaSphex) preocc.   . Note that 'apiformes' and the corresponding 'spheciformes') is an equivalent term proposed by Brothers (1975)Latreille, 1802Latreille, 1802Fabricius, 1775Taxonomy mostly follows Fabricius, 1775ANTHRENA Illiger, 1801ANTHOCHARESSA Gistel, 1850Smith, 1847England, Wales, IrelandMelittaclarkella Kirby, 1802England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManSmith, 1847England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManApisfulva M\u00fcller, 1766armataApis) Apishelvola Linnaeus, 1758subdentataMelitta) Apispraecox Scopoli, 1763smithellaMelitta) Melittavarians Kirby, 1802variansApis): misident.  Nomadahattorfiana Fabricius, 1775lathamanaMelitta) Apisfulvago Christ, 1791constricta Smith, 1849England, WalesHedicke, 1933Melittadenticulata Kirby, 1802listerellaMelitta) Melittafuscipes Kirby, 1802England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManMelittanigriceps Kirby, 1802lanifronsMelitta) Melittatridentata Kirby, 1802rufitarsisMelitta)    Melittalabialis Kirby, 1802separata Smith, 1847England, Wales, Isle of ManP\u00e9rez, 1890Stephens, 1846eximia Smith, 1847longipes Smith, 1847England, WalesSmith, 1847distincta Smith, 1847EnglandPanzer, 1801eximia misident.zonalisMelitta) , following P. Westrich\u2019s (in lit.) interpretation of the type of carantonica, regards this is a separate species, with carantonica a junior synonym of trimmerana.Although usually referred to as ain e.g. , SchwarzMelittatrimmerana Kirby, 1802spinigeraMelitta) Melittabarbilabris Kirby, 1802sericeaApis) preocc.    Apiscineraria Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManMelittanigroaenea Kirby, 1802aprilina Smith, 1848England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Mansarnia Richards, 1979.The population on the Isles of Scilly and Channel Islands has been described as the subspecies Apisnitida M\u00fcller, 1776pubescens Olivier, 1789consimilis Smith, 1847England, Wales, IrelandApisthoracica Fabricius, 1775melanocephalaMelitta) Melittaminutula Kirby, 1802parvulaMelitta) Melittanana Kirby, 1802EnglandProbably extinct in Britain.Nylander, 1848Probably extinct in Britain.Friese, 1887spreta misident.England, WalesP\u00e9rez, 1903nana misident.saundersella Perkins, 1914England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManNylander, 1848England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandP\u00e9rez, 1890Melittachrysosceles Kirby, 1802connectensMelitta) Melittacoitana Kirby, 1802shawellaMelitta) Melittabimaculata Kirby, 1802articulata Smith, 1847conjuncta Smith, 1847decorata Smith, 1847vitrea Smith, 1847England, WalesThomson, 1872Englandpilipes by nigrospina is treated as a valid species, following Although treated as a synonym of Fabricius, 1781carbonaria misident.spectabilis Smith, 1853praetexta Smith, 1872EnglandMelittatibialis Kirby, 1802mouffetellaMelitta)  Melittaproxima Kirby, 1802digitalisMelitta) Melittaangustior Kirby, 1802lacinia Smith, 1847England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManP\u00e9rez, 1890PLATANDRENA Viereck, 1924STENANDRENA Timberlake, 1949Schmiedeknecht, 1884confinis St\u00f6ckhert, 1930England, WalesMelittadorsata Kirby, 1802collinsonanaMelitta)    Melittaovatula Kirby, 1802afzeliellaMelitta)    Melittawilkella Kirby, 1802barbatulaMelitta)   Apishaemorrhoa Fabricius, 1781albicans misident.England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManHedicke, 1933Panzer, 1799contiguaMelitta)  Apisbanksiana Kirby, 1802ursinus misident.England, WalesApiscalcarata Scopoli, 1763linnaeellaApis) Apisplumipes Pallas, 1772acervorum misident.pilipesApis) Apisfurcata Panzer, 1798England, Scotland, WalesBrooks, 1988Apisquadrimaculata Panzer, 1798subglobosaApis) Apisbimaculata Panzer, 1798England, IrelandBrooks, 1988Apisretusa Linnaeus, 1758haworthanaApis)  Apiscryptarum Fabricius, 1775Scotland, Irelandadded by Bertsch et al. (2005)Apislucorum Linnaeus, 1761England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManVogt, 1911Scotland, IrelandApisterrestris Linnaeus, 1758audaxApis) Apiscullumana Kirby, 1802EnglandExtinct in Britain since the 1940s.Dalla Torre, 1880Apissoroeensis Fabricius, 1777England, Scotland, WalesDalla Torre, 1880HORTOBOMBUS Vogt, 1911Apishortorum Linnaeus, 1761flavonigrescens Smith, 1846ivernicus Sladen, 1912splendida Stelfox, 1938England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManB.hortorumivernicus.Populations in Ireland have been referred to the subspecies Apisruderata Fabricius, 1775pernigerApis)   Apislapidaria Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManLepeletier, 1832ALLOPSITHYRUS Popov, 1931ASHTONIPSITHYRUS Frison, 1927FERNALDAEPSITHYRUS Frison, 1927METAPSITHYRUS Popov, 1931Apisbarbutella Kirby, 1802England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandApisbohemicus Seidl, 1837distinctusPsithyrus) Apiscampestris Panzer, 1801rossiellusApis)    Apisrupestris Fabricius, 1793albinellusApis) Psithyrussylvestris Lepeletier, 1832quadricolor misident.England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandApisvestalis Geoffroy, 1785England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandDalla Torre, 1880PRATOBOMBUS Vogt, 1911Apishypnorum Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Walesadded by Goulson and Williams (2001)Apisjonella Kirby, 1802nivalis misident.scrimshiranusApis) .The following populations have been given subspecies names: Smith, 1849lapponicus misident.scoticus Pittioni, 1942England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManApispratorum Linnaeus, 1761subinterruptusApis)   Apissubterranea Linnaeus, 1758collinus Smith, 1844latreillellusApis) Apismuscorum Linnaeus, 1758arcticus misident.smithianus misident.pallidus Evans, 1901 preocc.laevis Vogt, 1909sladeni Vogt, 1911allenellus Stelfox, 1933orcadensis Richards, 1935scyllonius Richards, 1935celticus Yarrow, 1978agricolae Baker, 1996England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManB.muscorumsladeni on the Irish mainland and southern England; B.muscorumallenellus on the Aran islands; B.muscorumorcadensis on Orkney; B.muscorumscyllonius on the Isles of Scilly; B.muscorumcelticus in mainland Scotland and Northern England; B.muscorumagricolae on the Shetland islands.The following populations have been given subspecies names: Apispascuorum Scopoli, 1763vulgoApis)  preocc.       Bremuspomorum Panzer, 1805Englandpomorum, collected near Deal in Kent Apisruderaria M\u00fcller, 1776derhamellusApis)  Apissylvarum Linnaeus, 1761nigrescens P\u00e9rez, 1879distinctus Vogt, 1909England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandLatreille, 1802Scopoli, 1770Scopoli, 1770Apislongicornis Linnaeus, 1758linguariaApis) Apisalbifrons Forster, 1771punctataApis)  preocc. Apisluctuosa Scopoli, 1770EnglandProbably extinct in Britain.Latreille, 1802Roberston, 1903Latreille, 1802Nomadacrucigera Panzer, 1799rufipes Thomson, 1870England, WalesApisvariegata Linnaeus, 1758notatus misident.productus Thomson, 1870England, Wales, Scotland, Isle of ManLatreille, 1802Scopoli, 1763Herrich-Sch\u00e4ffer, 1839atrata Smith, 1846England, IrelandHerrich-Sch\u00e4ffer, 1839kirbyella Stephens, 1846England, WalesSmith, 1844alboguttata misident.EnglandHerrich-Sch\u00e4ffer, 1839EnglandLepeletier, 1841EnglandApisfabriciana Linnaeus, 1767fabriciellaApis)  Apisferruginata Linnaeus, 1767lateralis misident.xanthostictaApis) Apisflavoguttata Kirby, 1802rufocinctaApis) Apisflavopicta Kirby, 1802jacobaeae misident. [?]England, WalesPanzer, 1798England, WalesFabricius, 1793lineola Panzer, 1798sexcinctaApis)    Apisgoodeniana Kirby, 1802succincta misident.alternataApis) Apislathburiana Kirby, 1802rufiventrisApis) Apisleucophthalma Kirby, 1802borealis Zetterstedt, 1838inquilina Smith, 1844England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManApismarshamella Kirby, 1802alternata misident.England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManNylander, 1848mistura Smith, 1851England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManLepeletier, 1841ruficornis misident.England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandPanzer, 1799tormentillae Alfken, 1901England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of ManApisruficornis Linnaeus, 1758bifida Thomson, 1872England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManFabricius, 1793solidaginis misident.pictaApis)    Apissheppardana Kirby, 1802furva misident.dalii Curtis, 1832England, WalesJurine, 1807England, WalesFabricius, 1793hillanaApis)  Apiscyanea Kirby, 1802EnglandLatreille, 1802Latreille, 1809Latreille, 1809Apisviolacea Linnaeus, 1758EnglandLepeletier, 1841Lepeletier, 1841Latreille, 1802Apiscunicularia Linnaeus, 1761England, WalesC.cuniculariuscelticus O\u2019Toole, 1974, and Else, Field & O\u2019Toole Apisfodiens Geoffroy, 1785England, Scotland, WalesVerhoeff, 1944EnglandSchmidt & Westrich, 1993Englandadded by Cross (2002)Smith, 1846England, WalesSchenck, 1853picistigma Thomson, 1872England, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManApissuccincta Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManViereck, 1916Fabricius, 1793Popov, 1939Curtis, 1831plantarius Smith, 1842EnglandFabricius, 1793Nylander, 1852rupestrisProsopis) Mellitaannularis Kirby, 1802euryscapus misident.spilotus Forster, 1871masoniProsopis) Mellitadilatata Kirby, 1802annularis misident.England, WalesPopov, 1939Nylander, 1852varipesProsopis)  preocc.  Sphexsignata Panzer, 1798England, WalesPopov, 1939Smith, 1842England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManThomson, 1869Thomson, 1869Latreille, 1804Latreille, 1804Bl\u00fcthgen, 1931quadricinctus misident.tetrazonius misident.EnglandSmith, 1848EnglandProbably extinct in Britain.Apisrubicunda Christ, 1791quadrifasciatus Smith, 1870nesiotis Perkins, 1922England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManRobertson, 1918Smith, 1853alpinus Alfken, 1907confususperkinsi Bl\u00fcthgen, 1926flavipes misident.EnglandApissubaurata Rossi, 1792gramineus Smith, 1849Probably extinct in Britain.Apistumulorum Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandCurtis, 1833Evylaeus' s. l.) updated from Evylaeus to a valid genus, nor have we adopted his numerous subgenera.Nomenclature for some species Halictuscupromicans P\u00e9rez, 1903England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Manhibernicum Ebmer, 1970, with other populations referred to the subspecies scoticum Ebmer, 1970.The Irish population has been described as the subspecies Melittaleucopus Kirby, 1802aeratumMelitta)   Hylaeusmorio Fabricius, 1793England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of ManMelittasmeathmanella Kirby, 1802England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of ManCockerell, 1897Halictusangusticeps Perkins, 1895EnglandHalictusbrevicornis Schenck, 1869EnglandMelittaminutissima Kirby, 1802arnoldiHalictus) Melittanitidiuscula Kirby, 1802England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManHylaeusparvulus Schenck, 1853minutum misident.England, WalesHalictuspauperatus Brull\u00e9, 1832brevicepsHalictus) Hylaeuspunctatissimus Schenck, 1853longicepsHalictus) Halictuspuncticollis Morawitz, 1872EnglandHalictusrufitarsis Zetterstedt, 1838atricorneHalictus) Halictussemilucens Alfken, 1914EnglandHalictussexstrigatus Schenck, 1870sabulosumHalictus) Melittavillosula Kirby, 1802punctulatumMelitta) Melittalaevigata Kirby, 1802lugubrisMelitta) Hylaeuslativentris Schenck, 1853decipiensHalictus) Halictusprasinus Smith, 1848England, WalesMelittaquadrinotata Kirby, 1802EnglandMelittasexnotata Kirby, 1802nitidum misident.EnglandMelittaxanthopus Kirby, 1802tricingulum Curtis, 1833England, WalesWarncke, 1975Apisleucozonia Schrank, 1781similisHalictus) Halictuszonulus Smith, 1848England, WalesAshmead, 1899Apisalbipes Fabricius, 1781England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManApiscalceata Scopoli, 1763cylindricumHylaeus)   Halictusfratellus P\u00e9rez, 1903nigrum misident.subfasciatumHalictus)  Melittafulvicornis Kirby, 1802subfasciatum misident.England, Scotland, WalesMelittalaevis Kirby, 1802EnglandProbably extinct in Britain.Halictuslaticeps Schenck, 1869semipunctulatum misident.EnglandMelittamalachura Kirby, 1802longulumHalictus) Hylaeuspauxillus Schenck, 1853immarginatumHylaeus) Sphexephippia Linnaeus, 1767divisusMelitta) Melittageofrella Kirby, 1802affinis von Hagens, 1882fasciatus von Hagens, 1882England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManSphexgibba Linnaeus, 1758piceaMelitta)  Melittamonilicornis Kirby, 1802subquadratus Smith, 1845England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Manvon Hagens, 1874EnglandSmith, 1845pilifrons Thomson, 1870England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandThomson, 1870England, WalesThomson, 1870England, Walesvon Hagens, 1875ruficrus misident.rufiventris misident.England, WalesWesmael, 1835England, Walesvon Hagens, 1875England, WalesSchenck, 1866Lepeletier, 1841Rhophiteshalictulus Nylander, 1852EnglandProbably extinct in Britain.Lepeletier, 1841vulgaris Schenck, 1861EnglandProbably extinct in Britain.Spinola, 1808Spinola, 1808EnglandProbably extinct in Britain.Latreille, 1802Latreille, 1802Ashmead, 1899Fabricius, 1804Apismanicata Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Walesnigrithorax Dalla Torre, 1877Represented by the subspecies Panzer, 1806Nylander, 1848Englandadded by Else and Spooner (1987)Gyrodromaornatula Klug, 1807octomaculata Smith, 1843England, WalesApisphaeoptera Kirby, 1802England, WalesApispunctulatissima Kirby, 1802aterrimaApis) preocc. Apisinermis Kirby, 1802Coelioxys (Boreocoelioxys) inermisacuminata Nylander, 1852 preocc.England, Wales, IrelandNylander, 1848England, WalesLatreille, 1809Anthophoraconoidea Illiger, 1806vectis Curtis, 1831England, Wales, IrelandLepeletier, 1841sponsa Smith, 1855England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandApisquadridentata Linnaeus, 1758England, WalesLepeletier & Serville, 1825umbrina Smith, 1843England, WalesLatreille, 1802Thomson, 1872Curtis, 1828dorsalis P\u00e9rez, 1879 synonymy by Gusenleitner and Schwarz (2012)argentata misident.England, WalesLatreille, 1802Apiscentuncularis Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManThomson, 1872EnglandProbably extinct in Britain.Apisligniseca Kirby, 1802England, Wales, IrelandSmith, 1844England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Manhiberniae Perkins, 1925.Includes the subspecies Friese, 1899Megachileericetorum Lepeletier, 1841fasciataMegachile)  Apiscircumcincta Kirby, 1802England, Scotland, WalesApismaritima Kirby, 1802England, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManApiswillughbiella Kirby, 1802England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Manhibernica Perkins, 1925Includes the nominate subspecies and Newman, 1834Latreille, 1809Apiscampanularum Kirby, 1802EnglandApisflorisomnis Linnaeus, 1758maxillosumApis) Apistruncorum Linnaeus, 1758EnglandKlug, 1807Cresson, 1864Osmiaclaviventris Thomson, 1872leucomelana misident.England, WalesApisleucomelana Kirby, 1802parvulaOsmia) Apisspinulosa Kirby, 1802England, WalesPanzer, 1806Thomson, 1872Panzer, 1799England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandApiscaerulescens Linnaeus, 1758aeneaApis) Apisniveata Fabricius, 1804fulviventrisApis) Apisleaiana Kirby, 1802fulviventris misident.England, WalesSchmiedeknecht, 1884Anthophorainermis Zetterstedt, 1838parietina misident.ScotlandCurtis, 1828England, Scotland, WalesSmith, 1846England, WalesGerst\u00e4cker, 1869Scotlandadded by Else in Else and Spooner (1987)Apisxanthomelana Kirby, 1802atricapilla Curtis, 1828England, WalesTkalc, 1974Apisbicolor Schrank, 1781England, WalesPanzer, 1806Apisbicornis Linnaeus, 1758rufaApis) Andrenahirtipes Fabricius, 1793altercatorApis) nom. dub.   Andrenahaemorrhoidalis Fabricius, 1775chrysura Kirby, 1802England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of ManKirby, 1802Apisleporina Panzer, 1799England, WalesKirby, 1802melanuraKirbya) EPISEMUS Thomson, 1862DIGONIOZUS Kieffer, 1905Anoxusboops Thomson, 1862Englandadded by Burn (1997)Perisemuscephalotes F\u00f6rster, 1860fuscicornisvar.tibialis Kieffer, 1905England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of ManRichards, 1939EnglandOmalusfuscicornis Jurine, 1807sygenesiae Haliday, 1834fulvicornis Curtis, 1838triareolatus F\u00f6rster, 1851variabilisEpisemus)  synonymy by Rond (1994) Bethylusclaripennis F\u00f6rster, 1851fuscipennisBethylus)   by formiciformis.Sclerochroagallicola Ashmead, 1887nubilipennisHolopedina) Ateleopterustarsalis Ashmead, 1893carinata Kieffer, 1907meridionalis Brethes, 1913kiefferi Fouts, 1920Gahan, 1931Westwood, 1832DOLUS Motshultsky, 1863MUELLERELLA Saussure, 1892HOMOGLENUS Kieffer, 1904 synonymy by Terayama (2003)PAREPYRIS Kieffer, 1913PSILEPYRIS Kieffer, 1913ARTIEPYRIS Kieffer, 1913Thomson, 1862fraternus Westwood, 1874saeva Westwood, 1874multidentatus Keiffer, 1906multidentatusvar.angustipennis Kieffer, 1906EnglandWestwood, 1832EnglandCameron, 1888]Supposedly described from the New Forest, the type is lost and the species has not been satisfactorily interpreted since.Kieffer, 1905MISEPYRIS Kieffer, 1913PAREPYRIS Brethes, 1913Tiphiaglabrata Fabricius, 1798hawaiiensisHolepyris) Parepyrissylvanidis Brethes, 1913zeaeRhabdepyris) Bethylusfemoralis F\u00f6rster, 1860microneurusAllepyris)  Bethyluspedatus Say, 1836EnglandAdded by Kieffer, 1905SNAPPANIA Hedqvist, 1975Anoxuschittendenii Ashmead, 1893EnglandRichards, 1939Cephalonomiawestwoodi Kieffer, 1914kiefferi Gahan, 1931Kieffer, 1914Klug, 1808ACREPYRIS Kieffer, 1905MANGESIA Kieffer, 1911TRICHELOBRACHIUM Kieffer, 1914Bethylusdepressus Fabricius, 1805roubaliPseudisobrachium) Epyrissubcyaneus Haliday, 1838halidaiiEpyris) Sphexsemiaurata Linnaeus, 1761auratusIchneumon) Ichneumonnitidulus Fabricius, 1793EnglandLatreille, 1802Some distribution data from Latreille, 1802Linnaeus, 1761Chrysisignita group has varied from author to author. The number of species recognised in the Schenck, 1856brevidens Tournier, 1879England, Scotland, WalesValkeila, 1971Englandadded by Soon et al. (2014)Linnaeus, 1761EnglandF\u00f6rster, 1853saussurei Chevrier, 1862Englandadded by Morgan (1984)Sphexignita Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManWesmael, 1839chrysoprasina Hell\u00e9n, 1919 preocc.helleni Linsenmaier, 1959succincta misident.EnglandSchenck, 1856England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManAbeille de Perrin, 1879England, ScotlandLinsenmaier, 1951England, Wales, IrelandLinsenmaier, 1951EnglandShuckard, 1836auripes Wesmael, 1839England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of ManLinsenmaier, 1968schenckiana Linsenmaier, 1959 preocc.EnglandDahlbom, 1854Englandadded by Soon et al. (2014)Linsenmaier, 1959rutiliventris misident.England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManLinnaeus, 1761bidentata Linnaeus, 1767England, WalesDahlbom, 1845Chrysishirsuta Gerst\u00e4cker, 1869osmiaeChrysis) Chrysisradians Harris, 1776pustulosaChrysis) Chrysisneglecta Shuckard, 1836England, WalesLichtenstein, 1876Sphexcyanea Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, WalesDahlbom, 1854Spinola, 1806NOTOZUS F\u00f6rster, 1853Chrysispanzeri Fabricius, 1804scutellarisChrysis) preocc. Chrysisardens Latreille, 1801England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManHedychrumcoriaceum Dahlbom, 1854EnglandHedychrumcupreum Dahlbom, 1845integrumHedychrum) synonymy by Morgan (1984) Chrysisrosea Rossi, 1790EnglandLatreille, 1802Linsenmaier, 1959nobile misident.EnglandSphexnobilis Scopoli, 1763lucidulaChrysis)  Chrysisaenea Fabricius, 1787England, WalesEllampuspuncticollis Mocs\u00e1ry, 1887England, Scotland, Walesaeneus in Fauna Europaea.Treated as a subspecies of Abeille de Perrin, 1879Chrysistruncata Dahlbom, 1831EnglandAshmead, 1902Sphexaurata Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandSphexviolacea Scopoli, 1763England, WalesHaliday, 1833Some distributional data and synonymy from Perkins, 1912Jurine, 1807CHELOGYNUS Haliday, 1838NEOCHELOGYNUS Perkins, 1905Kieffer, 1905imberbis Kieffer, 1905bensoni Richards, 1939jurineanum in part, Perkins, 1976England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandDryinusbrachycerus Dalman, 1823lydeDryinus)  Gonatopusephippiger Dalman, 1818collarisGonatopus)   Chelogynusexiguus Haupt, 1941subarcticus Hell\u00e9n, 1935 nom. nud.flaviscapus Jansson, 1950subarcticus Hell\u00e9n, 1953England, Walesadded by Burn (1995)Dryinusfacialis Thomson, 1860pseudohilare Burn, 1990EnglandGonatopusflavicornis Dalman, 1818sericeus Kieffer, 1905subflavicornis Haupt, 1941England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandDryinusfulviventris Haliday, 1828fuscipesDryinus)   Dryinusinfectus Haliday, 1837luteicornissensuPerkins (1976) misident. inclytusDryinus)          Gonatopuspubicornis Dalman, 1818tenuicornisDryinus)         Dryinusscapularis Haliday, 1837longiforceps Kieffer, 1905carinatus Kieffer, 1905lanionisChelogynus)      Gonatopusruficornis Dalman, 1818basalisGonatopus)                                    Dryinusatratus Dalman, 1823holomelas Richards, 1939England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandRichards, 1939heidelbergensis Richards, 1939England, WalesGonatopusmelaleucus Dalman, 1818albipesCeraphron) Richards, 1939England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandRichards, 1939F\u00f6rster, 1856Ruthe, 1859EnglandKieffer, 1906Latreille, 1804CAMPYLONYX Westwood, 1835PARADRYINUS Perkins, 1905CHLORODRYINUS Perkins, 1905PLASTODRYINUS Kieffer, 1906MESODRYINUS Kieffer, 1906HESPERODRYINUS Perkins, 1907Sphexcollaris Linnaeus, 1767formicarius Latreille, 1805ampuliciformisCampylonyx)    synonymy by Burn and Olmi (2011) Dryinusbicolor Haliday, 1828vitripennisLabeo)   Gelisclavipes Thunberg, 1827sepsoides Westwood, 1833pilosus Thomson, 1860nigerrimusLabeo)  Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901, hispanicus Kieffer, 1905sociabilis Kieffer, 1907borealis Sahlberg, 1910wagneri Strand, 1919barbatellus Richards, 1939campestris Ponomarenko, 1965rhaensis Ponomarenko, 1970England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandKieffer, 1905septemdentatus Sahlberg, 1910robustusDicondylus)  Donisthorpinaformicicola Richards, 1939England, WalesRaatikainen, 1961dichromus Kieffer, 1906rufescens Hell\u00e9n, 1935Englandadded by Burn (1997)Klug, 1810bifasciatus Kieffer, 1904gracilicornis Kieffer, 1904filicornis Kieffer, 1905gracilis Kieffer, 1905marshalli Kieffer, 1905myrmecophilus Kieffer, 1905gracilipes Kieffer, 1906raptoripes Strand, 1919England, WalesDalman, 1818ljunghii Westwood, 1833leucostomus Sahlberg, 1910arnoldiiPachygonatopus)   Gonatopusoratorius Westwood, 1833EnglandF\u00f6rster, 1856Westwood, 1833MYRMECOMORPHUS Westwood, 1833POLYPLANUS Nees, 1834EMBOLIMUS Agassiz, 1846FORMILA De Romand, 1846PEDINOMMA F\u00f6rster, 1856AMPULICOMORPHA Ashmead, 1893AMPULICIMORPHA Brues, 1933Myrmecomorphusruddii Westwood, 1833rufescensMyrmecomorphus)   synonymy by Hilpert (1989)   ] Although this highly invasive species has the potential to establish itself in hothouses, given the correct climate, we are unaware of any established colonies being found in Britain. Any introductions have been of isolated workers.[LINEPITHEMA Mayr, 1866 # F\u00f6rster, 1850MICROMYRMA Dufour, 1857SEMONIUS Forel, 1910TAPINOPTERA Santschi, 1925ZATAPINOMA Wheeler, 1928NEOCLYSTOPSENELLA Kurian, 1955Formicaerratica Latreille, 1798caerulescensFormica)  Formicamelanocephala Fabricius, 1793nanaFormica) preocc.   preocc. Formicaaliena Foerster, 1850americanus Emery, 1893pannonica R\u00f6szler, 1942England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandFormicabrunnea Latreille, 1798pallidaFormica)   Formicaemarginata Olivier, 1792brunneoemarginatus Forel, 1874brunneoides Forel, 1874nigroemarginatus Forel, 1874illyricus Zimmermann, 1935pontica St\u00e4rcke, 1944Englandadded by Smith and Williams (2008)Formicaflava Fabricius, 1781ruficornisFormica)  Formicafuliginosa Latreille, 1798England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManFormicinameridionalis Bondroit, 1920England, WalesFormicamixta Nylander, 1846England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandVan Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy, 1990Englandadded by Fox (2009)Formicanigra Linnaeus, 1758nigerrimaFormica)    Seifert, 1992England, Walesadded by Seifert (1992)Formicinasabularum Bondroit, 1918England, Wales, Isle of ManFormicaumbrata Nylander, 1846aphidicolaFormica)   Formicalongicornis Latreille, 1802vagansFormica)   but appear to have died out since. A native of the Azores and Madeira.Lepeletier, 1835The tribal classification follows Smith, 1858Westwood, 1841Formicamegacephala Fabricius, 1793edaxFormica)         is an occasional accidental import with cork from southern Europe. It has never established in Britain and, with the decrease in the cork trade, imports of this species will probably become even rarer.Mayr, 1855SYMMYRMICA Wheeler, 1904Myrmicanitidula Nylander, 1846laeviusculaMyrmica)  Formicaacervorum Fabricius, 1793lacteipennisMyrmica)  Formicagraminicola Latreille, 1802latreillei Curtis, 1829striatulaMyrmica)  Ecitontestaceum Schenck, 1852emarginatusMyrmus) Stenammaalbipennis Curtis, 1854tuberum misident.; Orledge (1998)tuberointerruptusLeptothorax) Myrmicainterrupta Schenck, 1852simpliciusculaMyrmica)  Myrmicanylanderi Foerster, 1850cingulataMyrmica)   Formicaunifasciata Latreille, 1798anoplogynusLeptothorax)      Myrmicaatratula Schenck, 1852friedlandiAnergates) Myrmicabicarinata Nylander, 1846guineense misident.carinicepsMyrmica)    Formicacaespitum Linnaeus, 1758fuscaFormica)    Myrmicasimillima Smith, 1851parallelaMyrmica)  Symbiomyrmakaravajevi Arnol\u2019di, 1930laurae misident.pecheiSifolinia)  Formicarubra Linnaeus, 1758laevinodis Nylander, 1846longiscapus Curtis, 1854champlaini Forel, 1901europaea Finzi, 1926bruesi Weber, 1947microrubra Seifert, 1993EnglandNylander, 1846dimidiata Say, 1836diluta Nylander, 1849ruginodolaevinodis Forel, 1874silvestrii Wheeler, 1928sontica Santschi, 1937yoshiokai Weber, 1947macrogyna Brian & Brian, 1949microgyna Brian & Brian, 1949mutata Sadil, 1952England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManMeinert, 1861scabrinodolobicornis Forel, 1874England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManNylander, 1846rugulosoides Forel, 1915pilosiscapus Bondroit, 1920ahngeri Karavaiev, 1926scabrinodosabuleti Sadil, 1952England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManViereck, 1903kutteri Finzi, 1926subopaca Arnol'di, 1934betuliana Ruzsky, 1946schenckioides Boer & Noordijk, 2005England, Wales, IrelandBondroit, 1918silvestrianum Emery, 1924striata Finzi, 1926sancta Karavaiev, 1926nevodovskiiLeptothorax) Forel, 1893Mayr, 1855Attafloricola Jerdon, 1851# Monomoriumfloricolacinnabari Roger, 1863# Monomoriumfloricolapoecilum Roger, 1863# Monomoriumfloricolaspecularis Mayr, 1866# Monomoriumfloricolaimpressum Smith, 1876# Monomoriumfloricolaphilippinensis Forel, 1910# Monomoriumfloricolafurina Forel, 1911# Monomoriumfloricolafloreanum Stitz, 1932# Monomoriumfloricolaangusticlava Donisthorpe, 1947Formicapharaonis Linnaeus, 1758antiguensisFormica)      Formicafugax Latreille, 1798flavidulaMyrmica)     Myrmicadebilis F\u00f6rster, 1850minkiiMyrmica) Westwood, 1839Englanddebile  was described from a worker casually introduced to Britain.Ponerapunctatissima Roger, 1859androgynaPonera)                 Poneraergatandria Forel, 1893schauinslandiPonera) synonymy by Seifert (2013)    Formicacoarctata Latreille, 1802contractaFormica) Latreille, 1802Nomenclature follows Latreille, 1802Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758England, ScotlandThomson, 1870Mutillarufipes Fabricius, 1787EnglandFox, 1894Latreille, 1796Panzer, 1801melanocephalaMutilla) preocc. Sphexcarbonaria Scopoli, 1763punctumCeropales)  Pompilusfasciatellus Spinola, 1808calcaratusPompilus)          Sphexnotata Rossi, 1792guttusPompilus)  Vander Linden, 1827, iracundusPompilus)    preocc.  Ichneumonbifasciatus Geoffroy, 1785hircanusPompilus)  Pogoniussubintermedius Magretti, 1886nitidusDeuteragenia) Sphexvariegata Linnaeus, 1758erythropusAgenia)   Pompilusagilis Shuckard, 1837obtusiventris Schi\u00f8dte, 1837fraterculus Junco, 1946England, Scotland, WalesWahis, 2006gracilis Haupt, 1927 preocc.gussakowskiji Wolf, 2004 preocc.England, IrelandHaupt, 1927EnglandSphexexaltata Fabricius, 1775gibbaSphex)  Sphexhyalinata Fabricius, 1793femoralisPompilus)    Calicurguspropinquus Lepeletier, 1845agenoides Dubois, 1920EnglandPompiluspusillus Schi\u00f8dte, 1837England, WalesHaupt, 1927England, Scotland, WalesJunco, 1946PRIOCNEMISSUS Haupt, 1949Dahlbom, 1843capciosus Junco, 1946EnglandSphexperturbator Harris, 1780fusca misident.ambustorIchneumon)    Pompiluscinctellus Spinola, 1808clypeatusPompilus)   Pompilussericeus Vander Linden, 1827vicinusPompilus)     Dufour, 1834Dufour, 1834Pompiluscaviventris Aurivillius, 1907carduiPompilus) Pompilusconcinnus Dahlbom, 1845vacillansPompilus)     Sphexnigerrima Scopoli, 1763nigrusSphex)   preocc.   Pompilusinfuscatus Vander Linden, 1827minorPompilus)   infuscatuschalybeatus Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusdifformis disparPompilus)  infuscatussabulicola Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusmeticulosa Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusaeruginosus Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusaerarius Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusargentatus Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatuscalcatus Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusonus Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusstellatus Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusutendus Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusvivus Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatusxysticus petulans Haupt, 1962cinctellusParacyphonyx)  infuscatusfortunatus Wolf, 1975Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) infuscatussimii Wolf, 1978England, WalesSphexviatica Linnaeus, 1758fuscusSphex)    preocc.       preocc.  Pompilusanceps Wesmael, 1851vagaSphex) preocc.         Pompilusconsobrinus Dahlbom, 1843aterPompilus) preocc.  preocc.           Pompilustrivialis Dahlbom, 1843gibba misident.aerumnataPompilus)    Pompiluswesmaeli Thomson, 1870England, WalesBanks, 1939Pompilusminutulus Dahlbom, 1842cellularisPompilus)     Pompilusspissus Schi\u00f8dte, 1837apennina Wolf, 1970England, Scotland, WalesKincaid, 1900PYCNOPOMPILUS Ashmead, 1902Psammocharesrufus Haupt, 1927adulterinaPsammochares) Pompilusgallicus Tournier, 1889intermedius Haupt, 1930tertius Bl\u00fcthgen, 1944Englandadded by Baldock (2006)Sphexrufipes Linnaeus, 1758laevigataSphex)  preocc.    preocc.     Pompiluscrassicornis Shuckard, 1835dahlbomiPompilus) Aporusdubius Vander Linden, 1827bicolor Lepeletier, 1845servillei Costa, 1882rattusPompilus) Sphexpectinipes Linnaeus, 1758quadrispinosusPompilus)  Sphexsanguinolenta Fabricius, 1793disparPompilus)   preocc.   Sphexcinerea Fabricius, 1775plumbeusSphex) Evaniamaculata Fabricius, 1775rusticaSphex)    Evaniavariegata Fabricius, 1798destefanii Costa, 1887EnglandLatreille, 1810Pic, 1920Apisclavicornis Linnaeus, 1758England, WalesLatreille, 1796Scoliaquinquepunctata Fabricius, 1781England, WalesLeach, 1915Latreille, 1804METHOCA misspellingTaxonomy follows Latreille, 1792formicariaMutilla) nom. dub.   Vespaantilope Panzer, 1798pictusOdynerus)  nom. dub. Vespagazella Panzer, 1798emarginataVespa) preocc. Odynerusnigricornis Curtis, 1826callosusOdynerus)   Odynerusoviventris Wesmael, 1836constansOdynerus)  Vespaparietina Linnaeus, 1758domesticusSphex)  Vespaparietum Linnaeus, 1758England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManOdynerusscoticus Curtis, 1826trimarginatus misident.albotricinctusOdynerus) Vespatrifasciata M\u00fcller, 1776trimarginatusOdynerus)  Vespacoarctata Linnaeus, 1758papillariusSphex) Vespaquadrifasciata Fabricius, 1793tomentosusOdynerus) Odyneruslaevipes Shuckard, 1837England, WalesThomson, 1874Odynerusexilis Herrich-Sch\u00e4ffer, 1839bivittatusOdynerus) Vespamelanocephala Gmelin, 1790England, WalesVespaspinipes Linnaeus, 1758quinquefasciataVespa) preocc.  Vespareniformis Gmelin, 1790EnglandMorawitz, 1867EnglandSaussure, 1856Odynerusherrichii Saussure, 1855variegata misident.basalisOdynerus) Vespabifasciata Linnaeus, 1761sinuatusVespa) preocc.  Odynerusconnexus Curtis, 1826bifasciatus misident.EnglandVespacrassicornis Panzer, 1798England, WalesOdynerusgracilis Brull\u00e9, 1832England, WalesTaxonomy follows Latreille, 1802Vespadominula Christ, 1791gallicus misident.italica Herrich-Sch\u00e4ffer, 1840 nom. nud.pectoralis Herrich-Sch\u00e4ffer, 1841lefebvrei Gu\u00e9rin, 1844bucharensis Erichson, 1849maculatus Rudow, 1889merceti Dusmet, 1903rufescens Buysson, 1912ornata Weyrauch, 1938pacfica Weyrauch, 1939 preocc.pseudopacificus Giordani Soika, 1970muchei Gusenleitner, 1976EnglandVespagallica Linnaeus, 1767pictior Radoszkowski, 1872foederata Kohl, 1898omissaPolistula) , who collected a single male in Co. Down; it is unknown whether a nest had been established but this southern European species is an unlikely colonist.Added by Nomenclature follows Rohwer, 1916PSEUDOVESPULA Bischoff, 1931BOREOVESPULA Bl\u00fcthgen, 1943METAVESPULA Bl\u00fcthgen, 1943Vespamedius Retzius, 1783geeriiVespa)      Vespanorwegica Fabricius, 1781britannicaVespa)  preocc.  preocc.   preocc. Vespasaxonica Fabricius, 1793bavaricaVespa)  Vespasylvestris Scopoli, 1763parietumVespa)       Vespaaustriaca Panzer, 1799borealisVespa) preocc.   Vespagermanica Fabricius, 1793maculataVespa) preocc.  Vesparufa Linnaeus, 1758schrenckiiVespa)  Vespavulgaris Linnaeus, 1758sexcinctaVespa) (Panzer, 1799, England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManSupplementary material 1Checklist of the British and Irish aculeatesData type: formatted textBrief description: Word document version of the checklistFile: oo_83170.docxElse, G., Bolton, B. & Broad, G.R.Supplementary material 2Checklist of the British and Irish aculeatesData type: spreadsheetBrief description: Excel spreadsheet version of the checklistFile: oo_83127.xlsxElse, G., Bolton, B. & Broad, G.R."}
+{"text": "AbstractAcari, Oribatida) in the fauna of Vietnam is provided. During 1967\u20132015, a total of 535 species/subspecies from 222 genera and 81 families was registered. Of these, 194 species/subspecies were described as new for science from Vietnam.A species list of identified oribatid mite taxa ( Acari, Oribatida) of Vietnam were presented by The first data on oribatid mite fauna , to present primary references (in square brackets) on descriptions of new species or new findings for each species, and to provide the subsequent faunistic and taxonomic studies.Oribatida used in this paper mostly follows that of General taxonomic system of AcaronychidaeLoftacarussiefi Lee, 1981 Zetorchestessaltator Oudemans, 1915 Dolicheremaeusbartkei Rajski & Szudrowicz, 1974 Dolicheremaeusbugiamapensis Ermilov, Anichkin & Wu, 2012 [Wu, 2012 Dolicheremaeuscapillatus  [h, 1959) Dolicheremaeuscontactus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2013 [in, 2013 Dolicheremaeusdamaeoides  [e, 1913) Dolicheremaeusdonacunarensis Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Dolicheremaeusdwalteri Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Dolicheremaeusinsolitus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Dolicheremaeusjunichiaokii Sub\u00edas, 2010  [i, 2006) Dolicheremaeusinaequalis Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Dolicheremaeuslineolatus Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Dolicheremaeusorientalis  [i, 1965) Dolicheremaeusornatus Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Dolicheremaeusphilippinensis Aoki, 1967 [ki, 1967 PageBreakDolicheremaeussabahnus Mahunka, 1988 [ka, 1988 Fissicepheus (Fissicepheus) elegans Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Fissicepheus (Fissicepheus) striganovae Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Leptotocepheusmurphyi  [a, 1989) Megalotocepheus (Archegotocepheus) crinitus Berlese, 1905 [se, 1905 Megalotocepheus (Archegotocepheus) singularis  [a, 1988) Otocepheus (Otocepheus) spatulatus Mahunka, 2000 [ka, 2000 Otocepheus (Acrotocepheus) duplicornutusduplicornutus Aoki, 1965 [ki, 1965 Otocepheus (Acrotocepheus) duplicornutusdiscrepans Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Otocepheus (Acrotocepheus) excelsus Aoki, 1965 [ki, 1965 Otocepheus (Acrotocepheus) triplicicornutus Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Otocepheus (Acrotocepheus) vietnamicus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Papillocepheusprimus Ermilov, Anichkin & Tolstikov, 2014 [ov, 2014 Pseudotocepheussetiger  [r, 1972) Umashtanchaeviellaplethotricha Ermilov, Anichkin & Tolstikov, 2014 [ov, 2014 CarabodidaeAokiellaflorens Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Aokiellarotunda Hammer, 1979 [er, 1979 Aokiellaxuansoni Vu, Ermilov & Dao, 2010 [ao, 2010 Austrocarabodes (Austrocarabodes) alveolatus Hammer, 1973 [er, 1973 Austrocarabodes (Austrocarabodes) falcatus Hammer, 1973 [er, 1973 Austrocarabodes (Austrocarabodes) szentivanyi  [a, 1967) Austrocarabodes (Austrocarabodes) vaucheri Mahunka, 1984 [ka, 1984 Austrocarabodes (Uluguroides) polytrichus Balogh & Mahunka, 1978 [ka, 1978 Carabodes (Klapperiches) mikhaetandreorum Ermilov & Anichkin, 2013 [in, 2013 Carabodes (Klapperiches) samoensis Balogh & Balogh, 1986 [gh, 1986 Carabodes (Klapperiches) strinovichi Balogh & Mahunka, 1978 [ka, 1978 Carabodes (Phyllocarabodes) inopinatus  [a, 1985) Carabodes (Phyllocarabodes) schatzi Sub\u00edas, 2010 [as Phyllocarabodesornatus Balogh, 1986 \u2013 Chistyakovellainsolita Ermilov, Aoki & Anichkin, 2013 [in, 2013 Gibbicepheus (Gibbicepheus) baccanensis Jeleva & Vu, 1987 [Vu, 1987 Gibbicepheus (Gibbicepheus) fenestralis Hammer, 1979 [er, 1979 Gibbicepheus (Gibbicepheus) latohumeralis Hammer, 1982 [er, 1982 PageBreakYoshiobodes (Yoshiobodes) irmayi  [as Yoshiobodesaokii Mahunka, 1987 \u2013 Yoshiobodes (Yoshiobodes) neotrichorostralis Ermilov, Shtanchaeva, Sub\u00edas & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Yoshiobodes (Dongnaibodes) biconcavus Ermilov, Shtanchaeva, Sub\u00edas & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Yoshiobodes (Dongnaibodes) hexasetosus Ermilov, Shtanchaeva, Sub\u00edas & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 NippobodidaeNippobodesmonstruosus  [u, 1987) TectocepheidaeTectocepheuselegans Ohkubo, 1981 [bo, 1981 Tectocepheusminor Berlese, 1903 [as Tectocepheuscuspidentatus Kn\u00fclle, 1954 \u2013 Tectocepheusvelatus  [l, 1880) Tegeozetestunicatustunicatus Berlese, 1913 [se, 1913 Tegeozetestunicatusbreviclava Aoki, 1970 [ki, 1970 TegeocranellidaeTegeocranellusmartinezi Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 MicrotegeidaeMicrotegeusborhidii Balogh & Mahunka, 1974 [ka, 1974 Microtegeuscardosensis P\u00e9rez-\u00cd\u00f1igo, 1985 [go, 1985 Microtegeuscornutus Balogh, 1970 [gh, 1970 Microtegeusquadristriatus Mahunka, 1984 [ka, 1984 Microtegeusreticulatus Aoki, 1965 [ki, 1965 CymbaeremaeidaeScapheremaeusascissuratus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2015 [in, 2015 Scapheremaeuscellulatifer Mahunka, 1987 [ka, 1987 Scapheremaeuscrassus Mahunka, 1988 [ka, 1988 Scapheremaeusfisheri Aoki, 1966 [ki, 1966 Scapheremaeusfoveolatus Mahunka, 1987 [ka, 1987 LicneremaeidaeLicneremaeuslicnophorus  [l, 1882) Licneremaeuspolygonalis Hammer, 1971 [er, 1971 PhenopelopidaeEupelopsforsslundi  [h, 1959) Nesopelopsintermedius Hammer, 1979 [er, 1979 EremaeozetidaeMahunkaiabituberculata  [a, 1983) IdiozetidaeIdiozetesjavensis Hammer, 1979 [er, 1979 LimnozetidaeLimnozetespustulatus  [a, 1987) PageBreakMicrozetidaeBerlesezetesornatissimus  [as Berlesezetesauxiliaris Grandjean, 1936 \u2013 Caucasiozetesfrankeae Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Kaszabodesvelatus Mahunka, 1988 [ka, 1988 Schalleriellavietnamica Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 AchipteriidaeAchipteria (Achipteria) curta Aoki, 1970 [ki, 1970 Anachipteria (Anachipteria) svetlanae Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Austrachipteriaphongnhae Ermilov & Vu, 2012 [Vu, 2012 Campachipteriadistincta  [i, 1959) Campachipteriauenoi Aoki, 1995 [ki, 1995 Plakoribatesasiaticus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2013 [in, 2013 TegoribatidaeCeratobatescangioensis Ermilov & Anichkin, 2015 [in, 2015 Tegoribatesamericanus Hammer, 1958 [er, 1958 OribatellidaeNovoribatellaminutisetarum Engelbrecht, 1986 [ht, 1986 Ophidiotrichusussuricus Krivolutsky, 1971 [ky, 1971 Oribatella (Oribatella) gerdweigmanni Ermilov & Anichkin, 2012 [in, 2012 Oribatella (Oribatella) illuminata Hammer, 1961 [er, 1961 Oribatella (Oribatella) prolongata Hammer, 1961 [er, 1961 Oribatella (Oribatella) sculpturata Mahunka, 1987 [ka, 1987 Oribatella (Oribatella) umaetluisorum Ermilov & Anichkin, 2012 [in, 2012 HeterozetidaeFarchacarusphilippinensis  [s, 1979) CeratozetidaeCeratozetes (Ceratozetes) bicornis Hammer, 1967 [er, 1967 Ceratozetes (Ceratozetes) gracilis  [l, 1884) Ceratozetes (Ceratozetes) mediocris Berlese, 1908 [se, 1908 Fuscozetesfuscipes  [h, 1844) Lepidozetestrifolius  [a, 1972) Sphaerozetesbugiamapensis Ermilov, Anichkin & Wu, 2013 [Wu, 2013 PunctoribatidaeAllozetesafricanus Balogh, 1958 [gh, 1958 Allozetespusillus  [e, 1913) Lamellobatesmolecula  [Lamellobatespalustris Hammer, 1958 \u2013 Lamellobateshauseri Mahunka, 1977 \u2013 Lamellobatesocularis Jeleva & Vu, 1987 [Vu, 1987 PageBreakParalamellobatesmisella  [as Paralamellobatesschoutedani  \u2013 Paralamellobatesceylanicus  \u2013 Punctoribateshexagonus Berlese, 1908 [se, 1908 Punctoribatespunctum  [h, 1839) ChamobatidaeChamobates (Chamobates) javensis  [r, 1979) MochlozetidaeMochlozetesryukyuensis Aoki, 2006 [ki, 2006 Unguizetesasiaticus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2012 [in, 2012 Unguizetescattienensis Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Unguizetesclavatus Aoki, 1967 [ki, 1967 Unguizeteslatus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2013 [in, 2013 Unguizetessphaerula  [e, 1905) Uracrobates (Uracrobates) magniporosus Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 OribatulidaeParaphauloppiagracilis  [r, 1958) Zygoribatulapennata Grobler, 1993 [er, 1993 Zygoribatulaprima Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Zygoribatulaundulata Berlese, 1916 [as Zygoribatulalongiporosa Hammer, 1953 \u2013 SellnickiidaeSellnickiacaudata  [l, 1908) CaloppiidaeZetorchellalatior  [e, 1913) Zetorchellareticulata  [n, 1933) ScheloribatidaeAreozetesincertus Balogh, 1970 [gh, 1970 Cordiozetesolahi  [a, 1987) Euscheloribates (Euscheloribates) samsinaki Kunst, 1958 [st, 1958 Euscheloribates (Trischeloribates) clavatus  [a, 1988) Exoribatula (Multoribates) longior  [r, 1958) Fijibatesaelleni  [a, 1988) Fijibatesrostratus Hammer, 1971 [er, 1971 Liebstadia (Liebstadia) humerata Sellnick, 1928 [ck, 1928 Perscheloribates (Perscheloribates) lanceolatus  [i, 1984) Perscheloribates (Perscheloribates) luminosus  [r, 1961) Perscheloribates (Perscheloribates) luteus  [r, 1962) Perscheloribates (Perscheloribates) minutus  [n, 1965) Rhabdoribatessiamensis Aoki, 1967 [ki, 1967 Scheloribates (Scheloribates) crucisetus Jeleva & Vu, 1987 [Vu, 1987 Scheloribates (Scheloribates) fimbriatus Thor, 1930 [or, 1930 PageBreakScheloribates (Scheloribates) flagellisetosus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Scheloribates (Scheloribates) kraepelini  [e, 1908) Scheloribates (Scheloribates) laevigatus  [h, 1835) Scheloribates (Scheloribates) latipes  [h, 1844) Scheloribates (Scheloribates) pallidulus  [h, 1844) Scheloribates (Scheloribates) parvus Pletzen, 1963 [en, 1963 Scheloribates (Scheloribates) praeincisuspraeincisus  [e, 1910) Scheloribates (Scheloribates) praeincisusinterruptus  [e, 1916) Scheloribates (Scheloribates) vulgaris Hammer, 1961 [er, 1961 Scheloribates (Bischeloribates) mahunkai Sub\u00edas, 2010 [as Philoribatesheterodactylus  \u2013 Tuberemaeuslineatus Balogh, 1970 [gh, 1970 Tuberemaeusperforatoides Hammer, 1979 [er, 1979 Tuberemaeussculpturatus Mahunka, 1987 [ka, 1987 Tuberemaeussingularis Sellnick, 1930 [ck, 1930 Vesiculobatessilvaticus Hammer, 1979 [er, 1979 OripodidaeBrachyoripodafoveolata Balogh, 1970 [gh, 1970 Cosmopirnodustridactylus Mahunka, 1988 [ka, 1988 Oripodaexcavata Mahunka, 1988 [ka, 1988 Oripodapinicola Aoki & Ohkubo, 1974 [bo, 1974 Subpirnodusmirabilis Mahunka, 1988 [ka, 1988 Truncopesmoderatusvariabilis Aoki & Yamamoto, 2007 [to, 2007 Truncopesorientalis Mahunka, 1987 [ka, 1987 HaplozetidaeAcutozetesrostratus Balogh, 1970 [gh, 1970 Indoribates (Indoribates) bicarinatus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Indoribates (Indoribates) microsetosus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Indoribates (Indoribates) nobilis  [a, 1984) Indoribates (Indoribates) punctulatus  [as Indoribatespanabokkei  \u2013 Haplozetesvindobonensis  [n, 1935) Lauritzenia (Incabates) major  [i, 1967) Lauritzenia (Magnobates) glagellifer  [r, 1967) Peloribates (Peloribates) gressitti Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Peloribates (Peloribates) guttatoides Hammer, 1979 [er, 1979 Peloribates (Peloribates) guttatus Hammer, 1979 [er, 1979 PageBreakPeloribates (Peloribates) kaszabi Mahunka, 1988 [ka, 1988 Peloribates (Peloribates) paraguayensis Balogh & Mahunka, 1981 [ka, 1981 Peloribates (Peloribates) pseudoporosus Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Peloribates (Peloribates) rangiroaensis Hammer, 1972 [er, 1972 Peloribates (Peloribates) ratubakensis Hammer, 1979 [er, 1979 Peloribates (Peloribates) spiniformis Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Peloribates (Peloribates) stellatus Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Peloribates (Peloribates) tatyanae Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Perxylobatesbrevisetosus Mahunka, 1988 [ka, 1988 Perxylobatescrassisetosus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Perxylobatesguehoi Mahunka, 1978 [ka, 1978 Perxylobatesthanhoaensis Ermilov, Vu, Trinh & Dao, 2011 [ao, 2011 Perxylobatesvermisetus  [a, 1968) Perxylobatesvietnamensis  [u, 1987) Protoribates (Protoribates) capucinus Berlese, 1908 [se, 1908 Protoribates (Protoribates) cattienensis Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Protoribates (Protoribates) dentatus  [as Protoribatesmonodactylus  \u2013 Protoribates (Protoribates) gracilis  [i, 1982) Protoribates (Protoribates) lophotrichus  [e, 1904) Protoribates (Protoribates) paracapucinus  [a, 1988) Protoribates (Triaunguis) acutus  [r, 1979) Protoribates (Triaunguis) bisculpturatus  [a, 1988) Protoribates (Triaunguis) duoseta  [r, 1979) Protoribates (Triaunguis) heterodactylus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Protoribates (Triaunguis) maximus  [a, 1988) Setoxylobates (Setoxylobates) foveolatus Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Setoxylobates (Polyxylobates) diversiporosus  [r, 1973) Trachyoribatesirregularis  [a, 1969) Trachyoribatesovulum Berlese, 1908 [as Rostrozetesfoveolatus Sellnick, 1925 \u2013 Rostrozetesareolatus  \u2013 Rostrozetespunctulifer Balogh & Mahunka, 1979 \u2013 Rostrozetestrimorphus Balogh & Mahunka, 1979 \u2013 Transoribatesagricola  [i, 1989) Vilhenabatessinatus  [i, 1965) ParakalummidaeNeoribates (Neoribates) aurantiacus  [s, 1914) Neoribates (Neoribates) jacoti  [a, 1967) PageBreakNeoribates (Neoribates) monodactylus Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Neoribates (Neoribates) paratuberculatus Ermilov, Shtanchaeva & Sub\u00edas, 2014 [as, 2014 Neoribates (Neoribates) spindleformis Ermilov & Anichkin, 2012 [in, 2012 GalumnidaeAllogalumna  bipartita  [u, 1993) Allogalumna  costata Mahunka, 1996 [ka, 1996 Allogalumna  monodactyla Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Allogalumna  multesima Grandjean, 1957 [an, 1957 Allogalumna  paramachadoi Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Allogalumna  rotundiceps Aoki, 1996 [ki, 1996 Allogalumna  upoluensis Hammer, 1973 [er, 1973 Allogalumna  biporosa Ermilov & Anichkin, 2012 [in, 2012 Dimidiogalumnaazumai Aoki, 1996 [ki, 1996 Dimidiogalumnagrandjeani Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Galumna  aba Mahunka, 1989 [ka, 1989 Galumna  acutirostrum Ermilov & Anichkin, 2010 [in, 2010 Galumna  coronata Mahunka, 1992 [ka, 1992 Galumna  discifera Balogh, 1960 [gh, 1960 Galumna  flabellifera Hammer, 1958 [as Galumnaflabelliferaorientalis Aoki, 1965 \u2013 Galumna  kebangica Ermilov & Vu, 2012 [Vu, 2012 Galumna  khoii Mahunka, 1989 [ka, 1989 Galumna  lanceata  [s, 1900) Galumna  levisensilla Ermilov & Anichkin, 2010 [in, 2010 Galumna  microfissum Hammer, 1968 [er, 1968 Galumna  obvia  [e, 1914) Galumna  paracalcicola Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Galumna  parakazakhstani Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Galumna  paramastigophora Ermilov, 2015 [ov, 2015 Galumna  pseudokhoii Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Galumna  pseudotriquetra Ermilov, 2015 [ov, 2015 Galumna  triquetra Aoki, 1965 [ki, 1965 PageBreakGalumna  triops Balogh, 1960 [gh, 1960 Galumna  dongnaiensis Ermilov & Anichkin, 2013 [in, 2013 Galumna  praeoccupata Sub\u00edas, 2004 [as, 2004 Galumna  tenensis Ermilov, Vu & Nguyen, 2011 [en, 2011 Galumna  longilineata Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Galumna  seniczaki Ermilov & Anichkin, 2010 [in, 2010 Galumna  tolstikovi Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 [in, 2014 Leptogalumna  ciliata Balogh, 1960 [gh, 1960 Notogalumnafoveolata Balakrishnan, 1989 [an, 1989 Notogalumnalagunaensis Ermilov & Corpuz-Raros, 2015 [os, 2015 Pergalumna  altera  [s, 1915) Pergalumna  cattienica Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Pergalumna  granulata Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Pergalumna  hauseri Mahunka, 1995 [ka, 1995 Pergalumna  indistincta Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Pergalumna  kotschyi Mahunka, 1989 [ka, 1989 Pergalumna  longisetosa Balogh, 1960 [gh, 1960 Pergalumna  magniporacapillaris Aoki, 1961 [ki, 1961 Pergalumna  margaritata Mahunka, 1989 [ka, 1989 Pergalumna  mauritii Mahunka, 1978 [ka, 1978 Pergalumna  montana Hammer, 1961 [er, 1961 Pergalumna  nuda Balogh, 1960 [gh, 1960 Pergalumna  paraelongata Ermilov & Anichkin, 2012 [in, 2012 Pergalumna  pseudosejugalis Ermilov & Anichkin, 2012 [in, 2012 Pergalumna  punctulata Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Pergalumna  taprobanica Balogh, 1988 [gh, 1988 Pergalumna  yurtaevi Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Trichogalumnanipponica  [i, 1966) Trichogalumnasubnuda Balogh & Mahunka, 1967 [ka, 1967 Trichogalumnavietnamica Mahunka, 1987 [ka, 1987 GalumnellidaeGalumnella  cellularis  [a, 1967) Galumnella  geographica Mahunka, 1995 [ka, 1995 PageBreakGalumnella  microporosa Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011 [in, 2011 Galumnella  tiunovi Ermilov & Anichkin, 2013 [in, 2013 Galumnella  paulinai Balogh, 1961 [gh, 1961 Galumnella  scavasorum  [a, 1994) Porogalumnellapulchella Aoki & Hu, 1993 [Hu, 1993 The list of oribatid mites of Vietnam includes now 535 species/subspecies, 222 genera and 81 families. Of these, 194 species/subspecies were described as new for science from Vietnam; 94 species have been described by Ermilov and co-authors, 30 species by Balogh and Mahunka, 28 species by Mahunka, 21 species by Niedba\u0142a, 6 species by Jeleva and Vu, 4 species by Fernandez and co-authors, 3 species by Krivolutsky, 2 species by Golosova, 2 species by Star\u00fd, 2 species by Vu and co-authors, 1 species by Balogh, 1 species by Rajski and Szudrowicz."}
+{"text": "This article  has beenThe following should be considered the version of record and used for citation purposes: \u201cIshida K, Aota Y, Mitsugi N, Kono M, Higashi T, Kawai T, Yamada K, Niimura T, Kaneko K, Tanabe H, Ito Y, Katsuhata T, Saito T, Relationship between bone density and bone metabolism in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, Scoliosis 2015, 10:9, DOI:10.1186/s13013-015-0033-z\u201d.The duplicate \u201cIshida K, Aota Y, Mitsugi N, Kono M, Higashi T, Kawai T, Yamada K, Niimura T, Kaneko K, Tanabe H, Ito Y, Katsuhata T, Saito T, Relationship between bone density and bone metabolism in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, Scoliosis 2015, 10:19, DOI:10.1186/s13013-015-0043-x\u201d is to be ignored."}
+{"text": "In this article which was published in Cell J, Vol 17, No 4, Jan-Mar (Winter) 2016, onpages 711-719, the name of the all authors were published incorrectly as: \"Ristic Na-tasa, Stevanovic Darko, Nesic Dejan, Ajdzanovic Vladimir, Rakocevic Rastko, JaricIvana, Milosevic Verica\". The correct one is \"Natasa Ristic, Darko Stevanovic, DejanNesic, Vladimir Ajdzanovic, Rastko Rakocevic, Ivana Jaric, Verica Milosevic\".This correction was requested by the corresponding author."}
+{"text": "AbstractDiptera: Culicidae) known to occur in Colombia is presented. A total of 324 species from 28 genera of Culicidae are included. The species names are organized in alphabetical order according to the current generic and subgeneric classification, along with their authorship. The list is compiled in order to support mosquito research in Colombia.A revised list of the mosquitoes , Johnbelkinialeucopus , Mansoniaindubitans Dyar & Shannon, 1925, Psorophorasaeva Dyar & Knab, 1906, Sabethesglaucodaemon , and Wyeomyiaintonca Dyar & Knab, 1909. Moreover, Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) luteoventralis Theobald, 1901 is recorded for Colombia for the first time. This work provides important insights into mosquito diversity in Colombia, using the current nomenclature and phylogenetic rankings.Our systematic review and literature survey found, by 16 February 2015, 13 records of culicid species previously overlooked by mosquito catalogs for Colombia:  Culicidae are formally recognized and distributed over a diverse range of habitats around the world  luteoventralis Theobald, 1901 is based on a female collected with CDC traps in September 2013 in a tropical dry forest in La Pintada (Antioquia) . The specimen was identified using The species list was compiled from information available in previously published mosquito catalogs for Colombia  and othesensu auctorum' placement of 'Ochlerotatus (Protomacleaya)', product of the polyphyletic assemblage of species reflected in the Aedini phylogeny reconstructed by Anophelesallopha Peryass\u00fa, 1921, Culexaikenii Aiken & Rowland, 1906, Culexvirgultus Theobald, 1901, Trichoprosoponhyperleucum ) are not included.The species presented in this list are arranged alphabetically by genus and subgenus. Species names are followed by their authorship and year of description, and the catalog or other source that first reported the species in Colombia. Our list follows the most recent mosquito classification compiled by Dyar & Knab, 1906Wilkerson, 1991da Fonseca & da Silva Ramos, 1939Coquillett, 1902Root, 1927Wilkerson & Sallum, 1999Dyar & Knab, 1907Lutz & Neiva, 1911Curry, 1931Dyar & Knab, 1908Theobald, 1901Dyar & Knab, 1906Davis, 1931Dyar & Knab, 1906Komp, 1937Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar & Knab, 1908Komp, 1937Zavortink, 1973Howard, Dyar & Knab, 1913Zavortink, 1973Osorno-Mesa, 1947Barreto-Reyes 1955Antunes, 1937Gabald\u00f3n, Cova Garc\u00eda & Lopez, 1941Wiedemann, 1820Lynch Arrib\u00e1lzaga, 1878Curry, 1932Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827Gabald\u00f3n, Cova Garc\u00eda & Lopez, 1941Chagas, 1907Root, 1926Causey, 1945Br\u00e8thes, 1926Galv\u00e3o & Damasceno, 1942Gabald\u00f3n, 1940Peryass\u00fa, 1922Chagas, 1907Gabald\u00f3n, Cova Garc\u00eda & Lopez, 1940Root, 1926Neiva & Pinto, 1922Faran, 1979Edwards, 1930Shannon, 1933Harbach, 2009Dyar, 1928Root, 1927Duret, 1969Theobald, 1903Root, 1927Rozeboom & Komp, 1948Komp, 1936Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar & Knab, 1907Dyar & Knab, 1906Adames & Galindo, 1973Lane & Whitman, 1943Dyar & N\u00fa\u00f1ez Tovar, 1928Dyar, 1921Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920Valencia, 1973Dyar, 1921Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920Lane & Whitman, 1943Lane, 1936Root, 1927Forattini, 1965Dyar, 1929Forattini, 1965Dyar & Knab, 1906Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920Dyar, 1925Dyar, 1921Duret, 1967Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar, 1907Theobald, 1901Lane, 1945Evans, 1923Dyar & Knab, 1906Theobald, 1901Dyar, 1918Say, 1823Dyar, 1928Lutz, 1905Dyar, 1907Dyar, 1921Dyar, 1922Dyar, 1918Sirivanakarn & Galindo, 1980Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920Dyar, 1918Dyar & Knab, 1906Rozeboom & Komp, 1948Senevet & Abonnenc, 1939Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920Dyar, 1920Dyar & Knab, 1906Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920Anduze, 1949Dyar, 1924Dyar, 1928Dyar, 1918Dyar, 1920Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar, 1923Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar, 1922Duret, 1968Duret, 1968Dyar, 1928Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar, 1918Galindo & Mendez, 1961Komp & Rozeboom, 1951Komp, 1936Galindo & Mendez, 1961Dyar & Knab, 1919Dyar, 1923Sirivanakarn & Belkin, 1980Dyar, 1920Galindo & Blanton, 1954Rozeboom, 1935Root, 1927Dyar, 1924Dyar & Knab, 1907Dyar, 1918Komp, 1932Dyar, 1918Lane & Whitman, 1951Dyar & Knab, 1919Dyar & Knab, 1908Rozeboom & Komp, 1950Dyar and Knab, 1907Theobald, 1903Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar & Knab, 1907Anduze, 1942Theobald, 1903Lane & Whitman, 1943Lane, 1945Theobald, 1903Dyar & Knab, 1906Adames, 1971Adames, 1971Theobald, 1901Adames, 1971Adames, 1971Belkin & Hogue, 1959Dyar & Knab, 1907Dyar & Knab, 1909Stone & Barreto, 1969Dyar, 1921Osorno-Mesa, 1944Osorno-Mesa, 1944Lutz, 1904Dyar & Nu\u00f1ez Tovar, 1927Dyar, 1921Theobald, 1903Dyar, 1921Br\u00e8thes, 1912Williston, 1896Theobald, 1901Howard, Dyar & Knab, 1915Bellardi, 1862Dyar & Knab, 1916Dyar & Shannon, 1925Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.''Protomacleaya'sensu auctorum.Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.''Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.''Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.''Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.Duret, 1971Duret, 1971Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar & Knab, 1907Harbach, 1995Harbach, 1995Theobald, 1903Neiva, 1908Peryass\u00fa, 1922Dyar & Knab, 1908Levi-Castillo, 1953Lutz, 1905Antunes, 1942Theobald, 1903Dyar & Knab, 1907Dyar & Knab, 1906Theobald, 1901Dyar & Knab, 1913Theobald, 1901Lynch Arrib\u00e1lzaga, 1891Duret, 1970Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar & Knab, 1908Dyar & Knab, 1906Lane, 1945Edwards, 1922Lane & Cerqueira, 1942Lane, 1953Dyar & Knab, 1906Theobald, 1901Species newly recorded for Colombia .Dyar, 1922Dyar, 1918Lane & Cerqueira, 1942Porter & Wolff, 2004Dyar & Knab, 1910Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar & Knab, 1907Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar & Knab, 1906Dyar, 1919Anophelescostai, An.fluminensis and An.shannoni  luteoventralis for the first time from Colombia. This species was originally described by Theobald (1901) from three females caught on human bait in Paran\u00e1 state (Brazil). Wyeomyialuteoventralis is the type species of the subgenus Dendromyia Theobald, 1903 (In addition, we record ld, 1903 . This spld, 1903 ; howeverld, 1903 .Wyeomyialuteoventralis indicates that future sampling may reveal further species records which could help improve the taxonomy and provide a more accurate estimate of Colombia's mosquito diversity. This work provides important insights into the mosquito diversity of Colombia. We expect it to serve as a useful platform for future work on the mosquitoes of Colombia as well as provide a context for non-vector species.Although this report represents the most comprehensive list of mosquito species for Colombia, the 324 species included in this updated listing are unlikely to be a complete inventory of the Colombian mosquito fauna. Biodiversity data suggest that around 1,000 mosquito species will eventually be described from southern U.S.A. to Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru . Colombi"}
+{"text": "Following publication of our article , it has Pablo Alonso-Coello, Alonso Carrasco-Labra, Romina Brignardello-Petersen, Ignacio Neumann, Elie A Akl, Xin Sun, Bradley C Johnston, Matthias Briel, Jason W Busse, Demi\u00e1n Glujovsky, Carlos E Granados, Alfonso Iorio, Affan Irfan, Laura Mart\u00ednez Garc\u00eda, Reem A Mustafa, Anggie Ramirez-Morera, Iv\u00e1n Sol\u00e0, Kari A O Tikkinen, Shanil Ebrahim, Per O Vandvik, Yuqing Zhang, Anna Selva, Andrea J Sanabria, Oscar E Zazueta, Robin W M Vernooij, Holger J Sch\u00fcnemann and Gordon H Guyatt."}
+{"text": "After publication of this work , we noteYK, BC and PG are the principal investigators of the CURHA study. Together with LG, SL, HP, MP, LR, OK, CS, BT, AN, JV, RW they conceived and designed the study. BK, MS and PR have/are coordinating the data collection campaigns in Canada and Luxembourg. All authors revised and approved the submitted manuscript."}
+{"text": "After publication of this work , we noteRoger Olofsson, Lars Ny, Charlotta All-Ericsson, Malin Sternby Eilard, Magnus Rizell, Christian Cahlin, Ulrika Stierner, Ulf L\u00f6nn, Johan Hansson, Ingrid Ljuslinder, Lotta Lundgren, Gustav Ullenhag, Jens Folke Kiilgaard, Jonas Nilsson and Per Lindn\u00e9r."}
+{"text": "After the publication of this work , it was It read as Samir Sulemane, Vasileios F. Panoulas, Klio Konstantinou, Athanasios Bratsas, Frederick W. Tam, Edwina A. Brown and Petros Nihoyannopoulos.The correct author list should have included Dr Graspa and is now included here.Samir Sulemane, Vasileios F. Panoulas, Klio Konstantinou, Athanasios Bratsas, Julia Graspa, Frederick W. Tam, Edwina A. Brown and Petros Nihoyannopoulos."}
+{"text": "After publication of this work , we noteThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.Conception and design: LNS, MJB, MDW. Acquisition of data: LNS, RK, KIB, RMG, ZG. Analysis and interpretation of data: LNS, AVA, JCC, BW, HC, ZG, MJB, MDW. Drafting or revising of article: LNS, AVA, JCC, KIB, RMG, WNR, MJB, MDW. Final approval of the manuscript: LNS, AVA, JCC, MJB, MDW. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."}
+{"text": "AbstractPlatygastroidea (Platygastridae) substantially updates the previous comprehensive checklist, dating from 1978. Distribution data  is reported where known.A revised checklist of the British and Irish Platygastroidea represents a 47% increase on the number of British and Irish species reported in 1978.A total of 381 British and Irish  Hymenoptera of Britain and Ireland, starting with This paper continues the series of checklists of the Scelionidae  and Sparasionidae comprise egg parasitoids, utilising a range of insects and spiders as hosts and acting as idiobiont endoparasitoids. In contrast, the vast majority of the Platygastridae (Platygastrinae and Sceliotrachelinae) are koinobiont egg-larval endoparasitoids of Cecidomyiidae gall midges (Diptera). A conspicuous exception is the genus Amitus, which are parasitoids of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) (Platygastroidea). As a consquence of their host ranges, platygastroids are generally small and rather neglected. Figs Scelionidae are paraphyletic with respect to the Platygastridaes.s.  or identification in the British Isles uncertainmisident. has been misidentified as this namenomen dubium, a name of unknown or doubtful applicationnom. dub. nomen oblitum, \u2018forgotten name\u2019, does not have priority over a younger namenom. ob. nomen novum, a new replacement namenom. nov. nomen nudum, an unavailable namenom. nud. preocc. name preoccupied (junior homonym)status revocatus, revived status stat. rev. unavailable not meeting the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclaturevar. variety, only available as a valid name under the provisions of article 45.6 of the ICZNAlternative versions of the checklist, as a formatted Word document and Excel spreadsheet, are provided here in the supplementary materials: Suppl. materials Photographs were taken using a Canon EOS 450D digital camera attached to a Leica MZ12 stereomicroscope and partially focused images were combined using Helicon Focus v.4.80 software.Haliday, 1833Haliday, 1833Haliday, 1833Masner, 1964Inostemmaboter Walker, 1838Ireland, Isle of ManAcerotahumilis Kieffer, 1913Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2012c)F\u00f6rster, 1856Platygasterabas Walker, 1835England, ScotlandPlatygasterbelus Walker, 1835IrelandPlatygastercrates Walker, 1835England, Ireland, Isle of ManPlatygasternereus Walker, 1835England, IrelandPlatygasterotreus Walker, 1835England, Scotland Ireland, Isle of ManPlatygasterprorsa Walker, 1835England, Scotland Ireland, Isle of ManPlatygasterroboris Haliday, 1835lasiophila Kieffer, 1913England, Ireland, Isle of ManKieffer, 1913ScotlandKieffer, 1913EnglandKieffer, 1913ScotlandKieffer, 1913Englandrufopetiolata as a valid species, not a subspecies of lasiophila, although he has not seen the type.PB regards Platygasterscelionoides Haliday, 1835furiusPlatygaster) Platygastertritici Walker, 1835England, Scotland, IrelandPlatygastervestinus Walker, 1835EnglandKieffer, 1913ScotlandF\u00f6rster, 1856Kieffer, 1926England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Manadded by O'Connor et al. (2004)Huggert, 1974Englandadded by Buhl and Notton (2009)Thomson, 1859Englandadded by Thomson, 1859Platygastercochleatus Walker, 1835filicornisPlatygaster)  Platygasterlaricis Haliday, 1835England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandFouts, 1925XESTONOTUS F\u00f6rster, 1856 preocc.AXESTONOTUS Kieffer, 1926EOXESTONOTUS Debauche, 1947Buhl, 1995England, Scotlandadded by Platygastererror Fitch, 1861England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManAdded by Buhl, 1995England, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Manadded by Buhl (1995b)Kieffer, 1913ScotlandBrues, 1922Brues, 1922Englandadded by Haliday, 1833PSILUS Jurine, 1807 preocc.ACEROTA F\u00f6rster, 1856CERATOPSILUS Kieffer, 1913BRACHINOSTEMMA Kieffer, 1916BRACHYNOSTEMMA Risbec, 1953; incorrect subsequent spelling INOCEROTA Szel\u00e9nyi, 1938Psilusboscii Jurine, 1807Ireland, Isle of ManSzel\u00e9nyi, 1938England, Irelandadded by O'Connor et al. (2004)Walker, 1838IrelandSzel\u00e9nyi, 1938Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2011b)Walker, 1838England, IrelandDebauche, 1947Irelandhyperici from England and Scotland.Added by Walker, 1835EnglandWalker, 1835England, IrelandWalker, 1835EnglandVlug, 1991EnglandAdded by Kieffer, 1906EnglandAdded by Szel\u00e9nyi, 1938Englandadded by Kieffer, 1916England, IrelandKieffer, 1914England, Scotland, IrelandHaliday, 1835Masner, 1957EnglandHaliday, 1835England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManF\u00f6rster, 1856Kieffer, 1913ScotlandKieffer, 1913ScotlandKieffer, 1913ScotlandPlatygastercotta Walker, 1835England, ScotlandPlatygastererato Walker, 1835England, IrelandPlatygastergrandis Nees, 1834EnglandKieffer, 1913ScotlandPlatygastermatuta Walker, 1835EnglandKieffer, 1913ScotlandThomson, 1859Kieffer, 1926England, Scotland, IrelandF\u00f6rster, 1856MONOCRITA F\u00f6rster, 1856TRISINOSTEMMA Kieffer, 1914Ichneumoninserens Kirby, 1800EnglandPlatygasterpunctiger Nees, 1834atinusInostemma)  .Recorded by F\u00f6rster, 1856MIRAMBLYASPIS Dodd, 1914PROSAMBLYASPIS Kieffer, 1926Buhl, 1999Englandadded by Buhl, 1998Irelandaadded by Platygasterhalia Walker, 1835England, IrelandPlatygasterlaodice Walker, 1835buchi Buhl, 1997England, Ireland, Isle of ManKieffer, 1916Englandadded by Platygasternice Walker, 1835EnglandPlatygasternydia Walker, 1835torispinula Huggert, 1980EnglandAnacorypheorchymonti Debauche, 1947LeptacisEngland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManPlatygasterozines Walker, 1835England, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManIchneumontipulae Kirby, 1798scutellarisPlatygaster) Amblyaspistripartitus Kieffer, 1913ScotlandBuhl, 1997England, Ireland, Isle of Manadded by F\u00f6rster, 1856PARINOSTEMMA Kieffer, 1914Inostemmaareolata Haliday, 1835IrelandManeval, 1936England, Scotland, Irelandadded by Inostemmaocalea Walker, 1838EnglandDebauche, 1947England, Scotland, Walesadded by Brues, 1910DISYNOPEAS Kieffer, 1916Disynopeaslasiopterae Kieffer, 1916britannicus Jackson, 1966EnglandF\u00f6rster, 1856Platygastercatillus Walker, 1835England, IrelandKieffer, 1926EnglandPlatygastermamertes Walker, 1835England, IrelandPlatygasterseron Walker, 1835England, IrelandLatreille, 1809RHACODIA Panzer, 1838HYPOCAMPSIS F\u00f6rster, 1856POLYGNOTUS F\u00f6rster, 1856ANEURHYNCHUS Provancher, 1887COELOPELTA Ashmead, 1893ANEURON Brues, 1910PROSACTOGASTER Kieffer, 1914TRIPLATYGASTER Kieffer, 1914XESTONOTIDEA Gahan, 1919PAREPIMECES Kieffer, 1926Notton, 2006CYLINDROGASTER Huggert, 1980Brues, 1922England, Isle of Manadded by Notton (2006)Huggert, 1973Huggert, 1973England, Scotland, Walesadded by Notton (2006)Latreille, 1809Walker, 1835England, ScotlandWalker, 1835cleodaeus Walker, 1835England, IrelandBuhl, 1994Englandadded by Buhl (1995b)Walker, 1835England, IrelandBuhl, 2001England, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Manadded by Buhl and Bennett (2009)Walker, 1835England, Ireland, Isle of ManBuhl, 2009Englandadded by Buhl (2009b)Buhl, 2005Englandadded by Buhl & O\u2019Connor, 2012Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2012a)Walker, 1835England, Scotland, IrelandMisocyclopsbetulae Kieffer, 1916England, Wales, Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2009)Kieffer, 1916England, Scotland, Irelandadded by Buhl, 2009Englandadded by Walker, 1835EnglandWalker, 1835cratinus Walker, 1835olorus Walker, 1835England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of ManRatzeburg, 1852EnglandThomson, 1859England, Irelandadded by Walker, 1835EnglandBuhl, 1994Scotland, Walesadded by Thomson, 1859piniMisocyclops) Thomson, 1859Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2009)Kieffer, 1913ScotlandRatzeburg, 1844England, IrelandKieffer, 1913ScotlandKieffer, 1913Irelandadded by O'Connor et al. (2004)Walker, 1835England, Wales, IrelandBuhl, 1998Englandadded by Buhl, 1999Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Walker, 1835EnglandWalker, 1835England, Ireland, Isle of ManWalker, 1835EnglandWalker, 1835Ireland, Isle of ManHaliday, 1833attenuata Walker, 1835evadne Walker, 1835England, Wales, IrelandEpimecesenneatomus Kieffer, 1913ScotlandWalker, 1835England, Scotland, IrelandEpimecesensifer Westwood, 1833England, IrelandBuhl, 1997England, Scotlandadded by Buhl (1997)Spittler, 1969Englandadded by Walker, 1835England, IrelandWalker, 1835England, Ireland, Isle of ManProsactogasterfloricola Kieffer, 1916England, Irelandadded by Buhl, 2006England, Irelandadded by Walker, 1835England, IrelandBuhl, 1998Englandadded by Zetterstedt, 1838nitida Thomson, 1859Englandadded by Walker, 1835EnglandHuggert, 1975England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of Manadded by Buhl (1995b)Walker, 1835longiventris Thomson, 1859England, Scotland, IrelandBuhl, 1996England, Scotland, Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Packard, 1841EnglandBuhl & O'Connor, 2009Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2009)Forbes, 1888EnglandAdded by Buhl, 1994England, Scotlandadded by Curtis, 1830Walker, 1835Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Buhl, 2009intermedia Buhl, 2006 preocc.England, Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Walker, 1835EnglandBuhl, 2006Englandadded by Buhl, 1995Englandadded by Walker, 1835England, Ireland, Isle of ManMisocyclopsleucanthemi Kieffer, 1916Walesrecorded by Buhl and Notton (2009)Kieffer, 1906Englandrecorded by Barnes (1948)Buhl, 1994Scotland, Irelandadded by Thomson, 1859England, Ireland, Isle of Manadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Kieffer, 1906EnglandAdded by Walker, 1835lativentris Thomson, 1859England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManKieffer, 1916hanseni Buhl, 2006England, Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Buhl & Bennett, 2009Isle of Manadded by Buhl and Bennett (2009)Walker, 1835England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManKieffer, 1906EnglandAdded by Thomson, 1859occipitalis Buhl, 1994England, Irelandadded by Buhl (1995b)Prosactogastermarshalli Kieffer, 1916EnglandBuhl, 2003England, Scotlandadded by Huggert, 1975England, Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Kieffer, 1916EnglandBuhl, 1999Englandaadded by Walker, 1835laeviventris Thomson, 1859EnglandDalla Torre, 1898EnglandAdded by Buhl, 2006England, ScotlandAdded by Buhl, 1995England, Scotland, Walesadded by Walker, 1835England, Wales, IrelandBuhl & O\u2019Connor, 2011Irelandadded Buhl and O'Connor (2011b)Nees, 1834nigerrimusMisocyclops) Walker, 1835England, Ireland, Isle of ManWalker, 1835England, Scotland, IrelandWalker, 1835England, IrelandWalker, 1835England, IrelandWalker, 1835England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManWalker, 1835fuscipes Thomson, 1859England, Ireland, Isle of ManWalker, 1835England, Scotland, IrelandWalker, 1835apicalis Thomson, 1859ruborum crevecoeuriMisocyclops) Cynipsphragmitis Schrank, 1781F\u00f6rster, 1861Englandadded by Buhl and Notton (2009)Walker, 1835EnglandWalker, 1835EnglandThomson, 1859Walesadded by Vlug, 1995nigripes Thomson, 1859 preocc.thomsoni Buhl, 1995England, Wales, Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Buhl, 2006Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2010a)Polygnotusquadrifaria Kieffer, 1916EnglandBuhl, 1997Englandadded by Walker, 1835luteocoxalisProsactogaster) Polygnotussignatus F\u00f6rster, 1861Scotland, Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2009)Buhl, 2006Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2009)Buhl, 1998Englandadded by Walker, 1835EnglandRuthe, 1859leptocera Thomson, 1859hirticornis F\u00f6rster, 1861lissonota F\u00f6rster, 1861England, Ireland, Isle of Manadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Walker, 1835England, Isle of ManWalker, 1835ScotlandBuhl, 1994England, Walesadded by Buhl, 2006Ireland, Isle of Manadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2009)Buhl, 2009Scotlandadded by Buhl (2009b)Prosactogastersubuliformis Kieffer, 1926Platygastersubulatus misident.England, Irelandadded by Murchie et al. (1999)Polygnotussuecicus Kieffer, 1926Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Huggert, 1975crassus Sz\u00e9lenyi, 1958 preocc.England, Walesadded by Walker, 1835England, WalesWalker, 1835siphon F\u00f6rster, 1840England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManKieffer, 1926tuberosa Kieffer, 1913 preocc.ScotlandKieffer, 1926Englandadded by Buhl, 2006England, Irelandadded by Walker, 1835ilione Walker, 1835EnglandDay, 1971England, Wales, IrelandBuhl, 1998Englandadded by Walker, 1838IrelandWalker, 1835EnglandManeval, 1936Thomson, 1859bettyaeParacyclops)   Buhl, 1998Englandadded by Buhl, 1998Ireland, Isle of ManBMNH, det. PB.; added by O'Connor et al. (2004)Buhl, 2004England, Irelandadded by Thomson, 1859England, Ireland, Isle of ManThomson, 1859IrelandSynopeascf.convexum, occurring in England and Ireland, by Added by Platygastercraterus Walker, 1835gynomamertesEctadius) invalid Sactogastercurvicauda F\u00f6rster, 1856SynopeaslongicaudaSactogaster)  Platygastereuryale Walker, 1835England, IrelandBuhl, 2000Englandadded by Box, 1921England, WalesKieffer, 1916EnglandBuhl, 1997England, Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2008)Buhl & O'Connor, 2009Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2009)Platygasterhyllus Walker, 1835figitiforme Thomson, 1859England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandThomson, 1859England, IrelandPlatygasterjasius Walker, 1835England, IrelandPlatygasterlarides Walker, 1835England, IrelandBuhl, 2009England, Isle of Manadded by Buhl and Bennett (2009)Buhl, 2009Englandadded by Buhl (2009b)Thomson, 1859England, Irelandadded by Notton (2008)Buhl & Bennett, 2009Isle of Manadded by Buhl and Bennett (2009)Platygastermyles Walker, 1835England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManBuhl, 2009Englandadded by Buhl (2009b)Buhl, 2009England, Irelandadded by Buhl (2009b)Thomson, 1859England, Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2009)Platygasterosaces Walker, 1835England, IrelandPlatygasterrhanis Walker, 1835accoPlatygaster) Platygastersosis Walker, 1835muticus misident.England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManSynopeasmuticus  as recorded by sosis Platygastertarsa Walker, 1835England, IrelandPlatygastertrebius Walker, 1835England, Ireland, Isle of ManPlatygastervelutinus Walker, 1835England, IrelandDescribed from English specimens, omitted by Epimecesventralis Westwood, 1833abarisPlatygaster) Platygasterdidas Walker, 1835England, Ireland, Isle of ManPlatygasterpisis Walker, 1835opaca Thomson, 1859England, Ireland, Isle of ManPlatygasterremulus Walker, 1835EnglandBrues, 1908F\u00f6rster, 1856EUROSTEMMA Szel\u00e9nyi, 1938NASDIA Nixon, 1942PLATYTROPA Kozlov, 1976Inostemmaeuropus Walker, 1838IrelandInostemmamecrida Walker, 1836England, Ireland, Isle of ManHaldeman, 1850ZACRITA F\u00f6rster, 1878ELAPTUS Forbes, 1884Zacritalongicornis F\u00f6rster, 1878Englandadded by Buhl and Notton (2009)indet.EnglandAmitusminervae auctt., not A.minervae Silvestri; added by Polaszek (1997)Ashmead, 1894ROSNETA Brues, 1908TRICLAVUS Br\u00e8thes, 1916FAHRINGERIA Kieffer, 1921PLATYLLOTROPA Szel\u00e9nyi, 1938Popovici & Buhl, 2010synergorum misident.IrelandFidiobiasynergorum  by Added by Nixon, 1937ANOPEDIELLA Sundholm, 1956Anopediastransversus Thomson, 1859strangaliophagus Nixon, 1937England, Scotland, IrelandHaliday, 1839Some Irish distribution data from Haliday, 1839F\u00f6rster, 1856PARATRIMORUS Kieffer, 1908TRICHACOLUS Kieffer, 1912Telenomusaethra Walker, 1836England, WalesOpisthacantha by Transferred from Trimorusasramanes Walker, 1836erdosiParatrimorus) Haliday, 1833ACOLUS F\u00f6rster, 1856HADRONOTUS F\u00f6rster, 1856MUSCIDEA Motschoulsky, 1863PLESIOBAEUS Kieffer, 1913Plesiobaeushospes Kieffer, 1913Haliday, 1833pumilioTeleas)      Masner, 1976punctataApegus) Anterisbicolor Kieffer, 1908England, Walesadded by Latreille, 1805ALERIA Marshall, 1874CALOPTENOBIA Riley, 1878ENNEASCELIO Kieffer, 1910Latreille, 1805Kieffer, 1908Irelandadded by O'Connor et al. (2004)Kieffer, 1913Haliday, 1833NEOTHORON Masner, 1972Distribution and synonymy from Haliday, 1833fornicatusTeleas)   Limnodytesgerriphagus Marchal, 1901kaszabiHungaroscelio) Scelioclavicornis Latreille, 1805longicornisScelio) Teleasaegle Walker, 1836England, Scotland, IrelandParagryonalgicola Kieffer, 1911Hoplogryonangustipennis Kieffer, 1908Hoplogryonantennalis Kieffer, 1908ScotlandTeleasapricans Walker, 1836IrelandTeleasaratus Walker, 1836England, Wales, IrelandHoplogryonbacilliger Kieffer, 1908Scotland, IrelandTrimoruspedestris (Nees) (now placed in Gryon) by Although described from Scotland by Teleasbassus Walker, 1836Prosacanthabrevicollis Thomson, 1859Hoplogryoncameroni Kieffer, 1908ScotlandHoplogryoncarinatus Kieffer, 1908Hoplogryoncarinifrons Kieffer, 1908ScotlandTeleascephisus Walker, 1836Teleaschesias Walker, 1836Teleaschyllene Walker, 1836Teleaselatior Walker, 1836England, Scotland, IrelandHoplogryonelongatus Kieffer, 1908England, Irelandpuncticollis by Although described from probable English material by Teleasephippium Walker, 1836England, IrelandTeleasflavipes Walker, 1836angustulaProsacantha)         Teleasgalba Walker, 1836Teleasglaucus Walker, 1836Hoplogryonhalterata Kieffer, 1912Teleaslamus Walker, 1836IrelandHoplogryonlevigena Kieffer, 1908ScotlandTeleaslycaon Walker, 1836Hoplogryonmarshalli Kieffer, 1913Hoplogryonmicropterus Kieffer, 1908ScotlandHoplogryonmyrmecobius Kieffer, 1911Paragryonmyrmecophilus Kieffer, 1911Gryonnanno Walker, 1836Prosacanthanitidula Thomson, 1859pleuralisHoplogryon) preocc.    Teleasocyroe Walker, 1836Prosacanthaopaca Thomson, 1859pedestris misident.IrelandProsacanthaovata Thomson, 1859orbiculatusProsacantha)   Teleaspaula Walker, 1836England, Wales, IrelandTeleasprocris Walker, 1836England, IrelandHoplogryonpunctatifrons Kieffer, 1908ScotlandProsacanthapuncticollis Thomson, 1859hylanipennisProsacantha)  Hoplogryonrufonotatus Kieffer, 1908England, Scotland, IrelandHoplogryonsectigena Kieffer, 1908Irelandadded by O'Connor and Mineo (2008)Hoplogryonstriatigena Kieffer, 1908ScotlandTeleastherycides Walker, 1836dotoTeleas)          Teleastimareta Walker, 1836England, Scotland, IrelandHoplogryontuberculatus Kieffer, 1908Irelandadded by O'Connor and Mineo (2008)Teleasvaricornis Walker, 1836metabusTeleas)     Teleasxenetus Walker, 1836Walker, 1836NITEOGRYON Szab\u00f3, 1966Distribution data and synonymy from Huggert, 1974hibernicus Mineo & O\u2019Connor, 2009mutatorTrimorus) Walker, 1836medonTeleas)  Teleasdalmanni Ratzeburg, 1844orgyiae Fitch, 1865fiskei Brues, 1910IrelandPlatytelenomusdanubialis Szel\u00e9nyi, 1939unilineatusPlatytelenomus) Verrucosicephaliadepressa Szab\u00f3, 1975IrelandVerrucosicephalia.Added by Walker, 1836Walker, 1836IrelandBuhl & O\u2019Connor, 2012Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2012a)Mineo, 2006Irelandadded by O'Connor and Notton (2013)Haliday, 1833nonnitens Szab\u00f3, 1978pappi Szab\u00f3, 1978IrelandMayr, 1879Irelandadded by O'Connor and Mineo (2006)Walker, 1836Mayr, 1879Irelandadded by Buhl and O'Connor (2011a)Teleaslaeviusculus Ratzeburg, 1844Irelandadded by O'Connor and Mineo (2013)Walker, 1836IrelandVerrucosicephalia.Listed by Kozlov, 1967Irelandadded by O'Connor and Mineo (2009)Silvestri, 1932Irelandadded by O'Connor and Mineo (2013)Walker, 1838Hemisiusminutus Westwood, 1833Walker, 1836Phanurusnitidulus Thomson, 1861punctulatusTeleas)  Teleasphalaenarum Nees, 1834Walker, 1836IrelandWalker, 1836Teleaspunctatissimus Ratzeburg, 1844Walker, 1836Walker, 1836IrelandPhanurustetratomus Thomson, 1861bombycis Mayr, 1879gracilis Mayr, 1879verticillatus Kieffer, 1917Walker, 1836Walker, 1836Teleastruncatus Nees, 1834linneiTeleas)  ; synonymy by Mineo et al. (2011) Walker, 1836Ashmead, 1893ASOLCUS Nakagawa, 1900APHANURUS Kieffer, 1912IMMSIA Cameron, 1912MICROPHANURUS Kieffer, 1926Telenomusarminon Walker, 1838Englanddistribution data from Fergusson (1983b)Telenomusbelenus Walker, 1836Telenomuscultratus Mayr, 1879flavipes misident.England, ?IrelandTrissolcusflavipes  by cultratus.Added by Asolcusdavatchii Javahery, 1968Telenomusgrandis Thomson, 1861nigripesTelenomus)     Telenomustheste Walker, 1838Asolcuswaloffae Javahery, 1968Dahlbom, 1858Nomenclature follows Johnson et al. (2008)Latreille, 1802OXYURUS Lamarck, 1817BEBELUS Gistel, 1848PROSPARASION Kieffer, 1913Latreille, 1802frontalis Latreille, 1805Supplementary material 1PlatygastroideaChecklist of British and Irish Data type: spreadsheetPlatygastroidea checklistBrief description: Excel version of the File: oo_85283.xlsxBuhl, P., Broad, G.R, and Notton, D.G.Supplementary material 2PlatygastroideaChecklist of British and Irish Data type: text filePlatygastroidea checklist, presented as a Word document.Brief description: alternative version of the File: oo_85301.docxBuhl, P., Broad, G.R. and Notton, D.G."}
+{"text": "In adults with inflammatory arthritis, insulin resistance (IR) is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is postulated to play a mechanistic role in IR.To evaluate the degree of IR among children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and whether treatment with tocilizumab (TCZ) results in attenuation of IR in sJIA.1 were included if baseline and wk 6 fasting insulin were measured. Glucocorticoid tapering was not permitted until wk 6. Insulin sensitivity was quantified using the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Pts were classified as having IR if their HOMA-IR was \u22652.2 U. Change in HOMA-IR after 6 wks was assessed using paired t-test. Baseline associations with HOMA-IR and factors predicting change of HOMA-IR from baseline were assessed using regression analyses. Factors changing in association with HOMA-IR change were assessed.Patients (pts) from TENDER92 pts with sJIA were analysed. 62 were randomised to TCZ and 30 to placebo, 12 of whom required escape therapy with TCZ by wk 6. At baseline, 40 pts (43%) had IR. Baseline HOMA-IR was associated with higher standardised body mass index and higher IL-6 levels  but not with JADAS, CRP, active joint count or presence of fever. Of the 74 pts who received TCZ, 34 (46%) had IR at baseline, including 4 pts who escaped from the placebo arm, compared with 6/18 (33%) who received only placebo. IR pts treated with TCZ but not placebo had significant reductions in HOMA-IR at wk 6 (Table). Across all IR pts, improvement in JADAS and active joint count was not associated with improvement in HOMA-IR .After only 6 wks of TCZ treatment, HOMA-IR was improved in IR pts with sJIA in the presence of unchanged glucocorticoid dose. These data support a mechanistic contribution of IL-6 to IR in vivo in humans.H. Mirjafari Employee of: Roche, N. Ruperto Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Xoma, Wyeth, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, MedImmune, EMD Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Jannsen, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, Z. Zuber: None Declared, F. Zulian: None Declared, M. R. Maldonado-Vel\u00e1zquez: None Declared, E. Mantzourani: None Declared, K. Murray: None Declared, J. Roth: None Declared, J. Rovensky: None Declared, O. Vougiouka: None Declared, J. Wang Employee of: Roche, O. Harari Shareholder of: Roche, Employee of: Roche, D. Lovell Grant/Research Support from: NIH, Consultant for: AstraZeneca, Centocor, Janssen, Wyeth, Amgen, BMS, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Genentech, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, Roche, A. Martini Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Janssen, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Xoma, Wyeth, The Gaslini Hospital, Consultant for: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Janssen, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Xoma, Wyeth, The Gaslini Hospital, Speakers Bureau: Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS, GSK, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, Novartis, F. De Benedetti Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, Pfizer, BMS, Roche, Novimmune, Novartis, SOBI."}
+{"text": "AbstractSciaridae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is provided. The genus Sciarosoma Chandler with a disputed family placement is also included in the list.A checklist of the family  Sciaridae, the black fungus gnats, is one of the large families in Sciaroidea, little studied and notoriously difficult in its taxonomy. Up-to-date keys are not available for all European species, but various publications must be consulted for identification. Our knowledge of Finnish fauna stems from two classic publications: Sciaridae in Finland were published between the publication of PageBreakof Finnish nematoceran Diptera, the species lists in both works are essentially unchanged, despite some obvious lapses in the latter. Our knowledge of Finnish fauna has since grown mainly in the taxonomic treatment of various genera and species groups pusillima = Baeosciarasinuata Baeosciarascotica BRADYSIA Winnertz, 1867Bradysiaaffinis pratincola Tuomikoski, 1960= PageBreakBradysiaalbanensis Bradysiaalpicola mutabilis = morio auct. nec = Bradysiaangustata Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysiaangustostylata Menzel, 2005Bradysiaaprica Bradysiaarcana Menzel & Mohrig, 1998fenestralis auct. nec = Bradysiaarcula Vilkamaa, Salmela & Hippa, 2007Bradysiaascenda Rudzinski, 1994Bradysiabicolor Bradysiabispinifera Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1983Bradysiabrevispina Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysiabrowni diversiabdominalis = laurencei Menzel & Mohrig, 2000= Bradysiacinerascens lanicauda Tuomikoski, 1960= Bradysiaconfinis Bradysiaexcelsa Menzel & Mohrig, 1998Bradysiaflavipila Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysiaforcipulata Bradysiaforficulata nocturna Tuomikoski, 1960= Bradysiafungicola Bradysiagiraudii Bradysiaglobulifera Bradysiahilariformis Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysiahilaris Bradysiaholsatica Heller, 2004Bradysiahortensis Heller, 2000Bradysiaimpatiens difformis = paupera Tuomikoski, 1960= Bradysiainusitata Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysiairidipennis Bradysialapponica Bradysialatiterga Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysialeptoptera Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysialilienthalae Mohrig & Menzel, 1990Bradysialobulifera Frey, 1948Bradysialongicauda Mohrig & Menzel, 1990PageBreakBradysialongicubitalis cinereovittata Frey, 1948= Bradysiaminima Mohrig & Mamaev, 1989Bradysiamoesta Frey, 1948albosetosa Frey, 1948= Bradysiamoestula Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysianervosa Bradysianitidicollis atroparva Frey, 1948= Bradysianormalis Frey, 1948Bradysiaocellaris Bradysiapallipes brunnipes = picipes = Bradysiapauperata Bradysiaperaffinis Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysiapilistriata Frey, 1948Bradysiaplacida fimbricauda Tuomikoski, 1960= Bradysiapolonica Bradysiapraecox Bradysiarectinervis Frey, 1948Bradysiareflexa Tuomikoski, 1960Bradysiaregularis subnervosa Frey, 1948= Bradysiarufescens Bradysiascabricornis Tuomikoski, 1960subscabricornis Mohrig & Menzel, 1990= Bradysiasiberica Komarova, 2001Bradysiaspinostyla Mohrig & Menzel, 1990Bradysiastrigata Bradysiasubalpina Frey, 1948Bradysiasubamoena Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1989Bradysiasubmoesta Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1989Bradysiatilicola amoena = cellarum Frey, 1948= Bradysiatrivittata Bradysiavagans callicera Frey, 1948= Bradysiavernalis Bradysiazonata Rudzinski, 1993BRADYSIOPSIS Tuomikoski, 1960PageBreakBradysiopsisvittata leucotricha = Bradysiopsisvittigera CAMPTOCHAETA Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1994Camptochaetaaustriaca Heller, 2012Camptochaetabournei Camptochaetacamptochaeta Camptochaetaconsimilis Camptochaetadelicata Camptochaetaduplicata Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1994Camptochaetafallax Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1994Camptochaetahirtula fulvicollis = Camptochaetapropria Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1994Camptochaetascanica Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1994Camptochaetasicilicula Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1994Camptochaetasimulator Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1994Camptochaetastammeri Camptochaetatenuipalpalis Camptochaetauniformis Camptochaetavivax Camptochaetaxystica Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1994CHAETOSCIARA Frey, 1942Chaetosciaraestlandica CLAUSTROPYGA Hippa, Vilkamaa & Mohrig, 2003Claustropygaacanthostyla Claustropygabrevichaeta Claustropygaclausa Claustropygacorticis Claustropygactenophora Hippa, Vilkamaa & Mohrig, 2003Claustropygaheteroclausa Claustropygarefrigerata Claustropygasubcorticis CORYNOPTERA Winnertz, 1867Corynopterabarbata Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopterabicuspidata gymnops Tuomikoski, 1960= Corynopterabipartita Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1985Corynopterablanda Corynopteraboletiphaga geogenia Tuomikoski, 1960= Corynopterabreviformis Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1983Corynopteracracentis Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013PageBreakCorynopteracuniculata caldariorum Tuomikoski, 1960= Corynopteradefecta Corynopteradentata Corynopteradeserta Heller & Menzel, 2006minutula = Corynopteradubitata Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopterafera Mohrig & Heller, 1992Corynopteraflavicauda Corynopteraforcipata Corynopterafurcifera Mohrig & Mamaev, 1987Corynopteraglobiformis Corynopterahypopygialis piniphila = Corynopterainari Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013Corynopterainexspectata Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopterairmgardis Corynopteralevis Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopteraluteofusca Corynopteramarinae Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1986Corynopteramelanochaeta Mohrig & Menzel, 1992Corynopteramembranigera trispina Tuomikoski, 1960= Corynopteramontana Corynopteraninae Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heller, 2010Corynopteraobscuripila Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopteraparvula uncinata = Corynopteraparvulaformis Mohrig, 1985Corynopterapenna alneti Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heller, 2010= Corynopteraperochaeta Corynopteraplusiochaeta Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heller, 2010Corynopterapolana Rudzinski, 2009Corynopterapostforcipata Rudzinski, 1993Corynopterapostglobiformis Mohrig, 1993Corynopterapraeforcipata Mohrig & Mamaev, 1987Corynopteraquantula Corynopterasaccata Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopterasaetistyla Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1985Corynopterasalmelai Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013Corynopterasphenoptera Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopteraspiciforceps Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013PageBreakCorynopteraspinifera Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopterasubblanda Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopterasubdentata Mohrig, 1985Corynopterasubparvula Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopterasubsedula Mohrig & Mamaev, 1987Corynopterasubtetrachaeta Komarova, 1995Corynopterasubtilis longicornis = Corynopterasubvariegata Rudzinski, 1992Corynopteratetrachaeta Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopteratrepida clinochaeta Tuomikoski, 1960= Corynopteratriacantha Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopteratumidula Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heller, 2010Corynopteratuomikoskii Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heller, 2013Corynopteraunidentata Corynopteravagula Tuomikoski, 1960Corynopteraverrucifera Corynopteravoluptuosa Mohrig & Mamaev, 1987Corynopterawaltraudis Mohrig & Mamaev, 1987Corynopterawinnertzi Mohrig, 1993COSMOSCIARA Frey, 1942Cosmosciaraperniciosa CRATYNA Winnertz, 1867Plastosciara Berg, 1899= Decembrina Frey, 1948= Dendrosciara Frey, 1948= Cratynasg.  Winnertz, 1867Cratynaambigua latiforceps = Cratynaatra Winnertz, 1867pictiventris = Cratynabetulae Cratynabreviflagellata Cratynamonumenta Rudzinski, 2009Cratynapernitida Cratynaschineri Cratynasicata Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013Cratynasymplecta Cratynauliginosa Cratynavaporariorum Diversicratynasg.  Menzel & Mohrig, 1998Cratynaspiculosa PageBreakSpathobdellasg.  Frey, 1948Cratynacolei brachialis auct. nec = Cratynafalcata Cratynafalcifera Cratynalongispina tuberculata = Cratynanobilis brachialis = Cratynaperplexa socialis = brevicornis = CTENOSCIARA Tuomikoski, 1960Ctenosciaraexigua Salmela & Vilkamaa, 2005Ctenosciarahyalipennis DICHOPYGINA Vilkamaa, Hippa & Komarova, 2004Dichopyginaaculeata Vilkamaa, Hippa & Komarova, 2004Dichopyginaintermedia Dichopyginanigrohalteralis Dichopyginaramosa Vilkamaa, Hippa & Komarova, 2004DOLICHOSCIARA Tuomikoski, 1960Dolichosciaraflavipes  185Dolichosciarahippai Komarova & Vilkamaa, 2006Dolichosciaranigrovittata Dolichosciaraorcina Dolichosciaraornata Dolichosciarasaetosa Dolichosciaraspissispina Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013EPIDAPUS Haliday, 1851Epidapussg.  Haliday, 1851Epidapusalnicola Epidapusatomarius Epidapusgracilis Epidapusignotus gracilior = Epidapusmicrothorax gracilicornis = Epidapusschillei titan Frey, 1948= intermittens Tuomikoski, 1959= Pseudoaptanogynasg.  Vimmer, 1926Epidapusabieticola Frey, 1948Epidapusbispinulosus Mohrig & Kauschke, 1994PageBreakEpidapusechinatum Mohrig & Koz\u00e1nek, 1992Epidapusignavus KEILBACHIA Mohrig, 1987Keilbachiaferrata LEPTOSCIARELLA Tuomikoski, 1960Hirtipenniasg.  Mohrig & Menzel, 1997Leptosciarellahirtipennis Leptosciarellaholotricha Mohrig & Menzel, 1997Leptosciarellasg.  Tuomikoski, 1960Leptosciarellabrevior Leptosciarellabrevipalpa Leptosciarellaclaviforceps Leptosciarelladimera Leptosciarellafuscipalpa Leptosciarellahelvetica Leptosciarellahispida Leptosciarellaignis Heller, 2012Leptosciarellakrille Heller, 2012Leptosciarellamelanoma Leptosciarellanudinervis Leptosciarellapilosa Leptosciarellareducta Heller & Menzel, 2013Leptosciarellarejecta Leptosciarellascutellata elegans = Leptosciarellasubcoarctata Mohrig & Menzel, 1997Leptosciarellasubpilosa Leptosciarellasubspinulosa Leptosciarellasubviatica Mohrig & Menzel, 1997Leptosciarellatrochanterata coarctata = Leptosciarellatruncata Leptosciarellaviatica Leptosciarellaviaticella Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1979Leptosciarellayerburyi Leptospinasg.  Mohrig & Menzel, 1997Leptosciarellaatricha Trichosiopsissg.  Tuomikoski, 1960Leptosciarellatuberculigera LYCORIELLA Frey, 1942Coelostylinasg.  Tuomikoski, 1960Lycoriellaeflagellata Tuomikoski, 1960Lycoriellafreyi Tuomikoski, 1960PageBreakHemineurinasg.  Tuomikoski, 1960Lycoriellaalgida Lycoriellacochleata Lycoriellaconspicua Lycoriellainflata venosa auct. nec = Lycoriellamodesta Lycoriellapiristylata Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013Lycoriellathuringiensis Menzel & Mohrig, 1991Lycoriellavitticollis permutata = Lycoriellasg.  Frey, 1942Lycoriellaaberrans Tuomikoski, 1960Lycoriellaacutostylia Mohrig & Menzel, 1990Lycoriellaagraria cellaris = Lycoriellaapproximatonervis Lycoriellabrevipila Tuomikoski, 1960Lycoriellainconspicua Tuomikoski, 1960Lycoriellaingenua solani = Lycoriellalatilobata Menzel & Mohrig, 2000Lycoriellalundstromi Lycoriellamicria Mohrig & Menzel, 1990Lycoriellaminutula Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1987Lycoriellapallidior Tuomikoski, 1960Lycoriellaparva obscuratipes = curvispina Tuomikoski, 1960= Lycoriellasativae castanescens = fucorum = Lycoriellasubterranea vanderwieli = Lycoriellatenera Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013Lycoriellaweberi Menzel & Heller, 2013MOUFFETINA Frey, 1942Mouffetinaexpolita Mouffetinapulchricornis Mouffetinasilvestris PEYERIMHOFFIA Kieffer, 1903Peyerimhoffiacrassistylata Peyerimhoffiainfera Vilkamaa & Hippa, 2005PageBreakPeyerimhoffiamenzeli Vilkamaa & Hippa, 2005Peyerimhoffiaquadrifera Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013Peyerimhoffiasepei Hippa & Vilkamaa, 2005Peyerimhoffiathula Vilkamaa & Hippa, 2005Peyerimhoffiavagabunda brachyptera Kieffer, 1903= PHYTOSCIARA Frey, 1942Phytosciarahalterata Phytosciaramacrotricha PNYXIA Johannsen, 1912Pnyxiascabiei PNYXIOPSIS Tuomikoski, 1960Pnyxiopsisaliger Tuomikoski, 1960Pnyxiopsisdegener PROSCIARA Frey, 1942Prosciarafurtiva Vilkamaa & Hippa, 1996Prosciaraplusiochaeta Hippa & Vilkamaa, 1991Prosciaraporrecta Prosciaraproducta Prosciaraprosciaroides Prosciaraungulata PSEUDOLYCORIELLA Menzel & Mohrig, 1998Pseudolycoriellabrunnea Pseudolycoriellajaponensis Pseudolycoriellakoreensis Pseudolycoriellamonticula Pseudolycoriellanodulosa Pseudolycoriellapaludum Pseudolycoriellasubbruckii SCATOPSCIARA Edwards, 1927Scatopsciarasg.  Edwards, 1927Scatopsciaraatomaria vivida = Scatopsciarabucera Rudzinski, 1994Scatopsciaracalamophila Frey, 1948Scatopsciaracurviforceps myrmecophila Frey, 1948= Scatopsciaraedwardsi Freeman, 1983Scatopsciarafluviatilis Scatopsciarageophila Scatopsciaramultispina Scatopsciaraneglecta Menzel & Mohrig, 1998Scatopsciarapusilla PageBreakScatopsciarasubcalamophila Menzel & Mohrig, 1991Scatopsciarasubciliata Tuomikoski, 1960Scatopsciaratricuspidata degenerans = Scatopsciaravitripennis Xenopyginasg.  Frey, 1948Scatopsciaragabyae Scatopsciaraobliqua Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013Scatopsciaraparadoxa Scatopsciarasimillima SCHWENCKFELDINA Frey, 1942Schwenckfeldinacarbonaria Schwenckfeldinapectinea Menzel & Mohrig, 1991SCIARA Meigen, 1803Sciaraflavimana Zetterstedt, 1851Sciarahebes mendax Tuomikoski., 1960= nursei Freeman, 1983= ulrichi Menzel & Mohrig, 1998= Sciarahelvola Winnertz, 1867Sciarahemerobioides thomae = Sciarahumeralis Zetterstedt, 1851Sciaralackschewitzi SCYTHROPOCHROA Enderlein, 1911Scythropochroaquercicola Scythropochroaradialis Lengersdorf, 1926TRICHOSIA Winnertz, 1867Leptosciara Frey, 1942= Lestremioides Frey, 1942= Trichosia Winnertz, 1867Trichosiaacrotricha Tuomikoski, 1960Trichosiaborealis Trichosiaconfusa Menzel & Mohrig, 1997Trichosiaflavicoxa Tuomikoski, 1960Trichosiadiota Trichosiaglabra Trichosiahabilis edwardsi = Trichosiamorio caudata = Trichosiasplendens Winnertz, 1867Trichosiaussurica Mohrig & Antonova, 1978PageBreakXYLOSCIARA Tuomikoski, 1957Protoxylosciarasg.  Tuomikoski, 1960Xylosciaralongiforceps Xylosciarasg.  Tuomikoski, 1957Xylosciaraheptacantha Tuomikoski, 1957Xylosciaralignicola Xylosciaramicrodon Xylosciaramisella Xylosciaraphryganophila Xylosciarasenta Vilkamaa, Hippa & Heller, 2013Xylosciaraspinata betulae Tuomikoski, 1960= Xylosciarasteleocera Tuomikoski, 1960Xylosciaratrimera Tuomikoski, 1960Xylosciaravalidinervis Tuomikoski, 1960ZYGONEURA Meigen, 1830Allozygoneurasg.  Menzel & Mohrig, 1998Zygoneuracalthae Tuomikoski, 1960Zygoneurasg.  Meigen, 1830Zygoneurasciarina Meigen, 1830SCIAROIDEAUNPLACED IN SCIAROSOMA Chandler, 2002Sciarosomanigriclava borealis Chandler, 2002= Lycoriellaauripila , misidentified in Bradysiabetuleti , misidentified in Bradysiasubbetuleti Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1989, misidentified in Corynopteraconcinna , misidentified in Corynopterabistrispina , misidentified in Trichosiatrochanterata , misidentified in"}
+{"text": "AbstractDiptera superfamilies Conopoidea (Conopidae), Nerioidea  and Diopsoidea  from Finland in presented. Myopavicaria Walker, 1849 is formally recorded for the first time from the country.A checklist of the  Nerioidea. Two of them, Micropezidae and Pseudopomyzidae, occur in Finland. Neriids are mostly tropical and cypselomatids (sensu stricto) have only been found in the Australasian and Oriental regions. The pseudopomyzids were included in Cypselosomatidae Hendel, 1931 in the previous checklist , none particularly species-rich. Only four are found in Finland: Psilidae, Tanypezidae, Strongylophthalmyiidae and Megamerinidae. Tanypezidae and Strongylophthalmyiidae are here treated as separate families following Megamerinidae has been assigned to several superfamilies, most often Diopsoidea following Nerioidea, Sciomyzoidea, and recently Opomyzoidea ZODIONINAE Rondani, 1856ZODION Latreille, 1796Zodioncinereum notatum Meigen, 1804= SICINAE Zimina, 1960SICUS Scopoli, 1763Sicusferrugineus MYOPINAE Macquart, 1834MYOPA Fabricius, 1775Myopabuccata Myopafasciata Meigen, 1804Myopahirsuta Stuke & Clements, 2008strandi auct. nec Duda, 1940= Myopaocculta Wiedemann, 1824nigrifrons von Bonsdorff, 1866= Myopatessellatipennis Motschulsky, 1859polystigma auct. nec Rondani, 1857= Myopatestacea Myopavicaria Walker, 1849villosa Ringdahl, 1945= strandi Duda, 1940= MYOPOTTA Zimina, 1969Myopottapallipes THECOPHORA Rondani, 1845Occemyia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1853= Thecophoracinerascens pusilla = atra misid.= Thecophoradistincta melanopa misid.= Thecophorafulvipes sundewalli = PageBreakThecophorajakutica Zimina, 1974atra misid.= DALMANNIINAE Hendel, 1916DALMANNIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Dalmanniadorsalis punctata misid.= Brachycera Macquart, 1834suborder Eremoneura Lameere, 1906clade Cyclorrhapha Brauer, 1863clade Schizophora Becher, 1882infraorder Muscaria Enderlein, 1936clade Acalyptratae Macquart, 1835parvorder Nerioidea Westwood, 1840superfamily MICROPEZIDAE Blanchard, 1840CALOBATINAE Bigot, 1853CALOBATA Meigen, 1803Calobatapetronella NERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Neriacibaria Neriacommutata nigricornis auct. nec Zetterstedt, 1838= Neriaephippium Nerianigricornis helleni = nitidicollis = MICROPEZINAE Blanchard, 1840MICROPEZA Meigen, 1803Micropezacorrigiolata PSEUDOPOMYZIDAE McAlpine, 1966PSEUDOPOMYZA Strobl, 1893Pseudopomyzaatrimana Diopsoidea Billberg, 1820superfamily MEGAMERINIDAE Hendel, 1913MEGAMERINA Rondani, 1861Lissa Meigen, 1826 preocc.= PageBreakMegamerinadolium loxocerina = PSILIDAE Macquart, 1835CHYLIZINAE Rondani, 1856CHYLIZA Fall\u00e9n, 1820Chylizasg.  Fall\u00e9n, 1820Chylizaannulipes Macquart, 1835fuscipennis auct. nec Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830= Chylizaleptogaster scutellata = Chylizanova Collin, 1944Chylizavittata Meigen, 1826PSILINAE Macquart, 1835Loxocerini Macquart, 1835tribe IMANTIMYIA Frey, 1925Imantimyiaalbiseta ichneumonea  nom. dubium (see Notes)= Imantimyiafulviventris Imantimyianigrifrons Imantimyiasylvatica LOXOCERA Meigen, 1803LOXOCERAsg.  Meigen, 1803Loxoceraaristata ichneumonea  nom. dubium (see Notes)= Psilini Macquart, 1835tribe CHAMAEPSILA Hendel, 1917Tetrapsila Frey, 1925= Chamaepsilaatra Chamaepsilabicolor nigromaculata = Chamaepsilabuccata gracilis = Chamaepsilahumeralis Chamaepsilalimbatella Chamaepsilamorio Chamaepsilanigra Chamaepsilanigricornis Chamaepsilanigrosetosa Frey, 1925Chamaepsilaobscuritarsis Chamaepsilapallida Chamaepsilapectoralis PageBreakChamaepsilarosae Chamaepsilarufa Chamaepsilaunilineata PSILA Meigen, 1803FREYOPSILAsg.  Shatalkin, 1986Psilasibirica PSILAsg.  Meigen, 1803Psilafimetaria Psilamerdaria Collin, 1944PSILOSOMA Zetterstedt, 1860Psilosomaaudouini Psilosomalefebvrei STRONGYLOPHTHALMYIIDAE Hendel, 1917STRONGYLOPHTHALMYIA Heller, 1902Strongylophthalmyiapictipes Frey, 1935Strongylophthalmyiaustulata TANYPEZIDAE Rondani, 1856TANYPEZA Fall\u00e9n, 1820Tanypezalongimana Fall\u00e9n, 1820Dalmanniapunctata  not found within present borders.Chamaepsilaunilineata  and Chamaepsilanigrosetosa Frey, 1925 were synonymized with Chamaepsilapallida but they have recently been reinstated as valid species . This name has been used for Loxoceraaristata (Panzer) and Loxoceraalbiseta (Schrank). Unfortunately no type material is known. Linn\u00e9\u2019s original description is insufficient and may in fact belong to a hoverfly (see rfly see .Myopavicaria Walker, 1849. One of the common Myopa species through Finland, but previously unreported due to difficulties in identification. Recorded from provinces Ab, N, Ka, St, Ta, Sa, Kl, Om, Ok, Lkoc and Li.PageBreak"}
+{"text": "The TENDER clinical trial is a 3-part, 5-year, phase 3 study of tocilizumab (TCZ) in patients with active systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA). After 2 years of treatment, sJIA patients who have maintained clinically inactive disease (CID) for 3 months are given the option to participate in an alternative TCZ dosing regimen aimed at spacing the infusions and eventually withdrawing TCZ.To describe the patients registered to participate in the optional alternative dosing schedule in the TENDER study.To qualify for the optional alternative dosing schedule, patients had to be in the study for a minimum of 2 years and had to achieve American College of Rheumatology JIA CID status. Among the 112 patients enrolled, 39 (35%) entered the optional alternative dosing regimen. This entailed a staged prolongation of the time interval between TCZ infusions from 2 weeks  to 3 weeks, then 4 weeks, with the option of terminating TCZ after the discontinuation of any treatment, including oral corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and MTX (if being treated with MTX).Twenty-three male and 16 female patients entered the optional alternative dosing schedule. The mean characteristics of these patients at the start of TCZ treatment were 14.2 active joints, 15.4 joints with limitation of motion, physician global VAS score of 58.5, CHAQ-DI score of 1.62, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 56.8. Fifteen had fever. Of these 39 patients, 20 patients lost CID status at different points along the alternative dosing schedule until the data review of May 2014. In these 20 patients, the time to loss of CID status ranged from 1.4 to 27.9 months from initiation of the optional alternative dosing schedule . Risk for losing inactive disease status on the optional alternative dosing schedule was 62.5% (10/16) in patients on concomitant methotrexate and 43.5% (10/23) in patients not on it. During the April 2013 data review, inactive disease status was maintained in 26 of 39 patients (67%), whereas during the May 2014 data review inactive disease status was maintained in 19 of the 39 patients (49%) entering the optional alternative dosing schedule. Dosing intervals were every 3 weeks in 3 patients and every 4 weeks in 9 patients; 7 patients were able to discontinue TCZ (range of time since discontinuation: 13.7-20.8 months). During the April 2013 data review, 9 patients were able to discontinue TCZ. During the May 2014 data review, 7 patients maintained CID status and remained off TCZ, and 2 patients returned to the 2-week dosing interval.A proportion of patients with sJIA who maintain clinically inactive disease status can progressively space TCZ infusions. Of the 35% who entered the optional alternative dosing regimen, approximately half were able to maintain inactive disease over an extended period of time.TENDER, NCT00642460F. De Benedetti Grant / Research Support from: Abbott, Pfizer, BMS, Roche, Novimmune, Novartis, S0BI, N. Ruperto Grant / Research Support from: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Eli Lilly, Francesco Angelini s.p.a., GlaxoSmithKline, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Eli Lilly, Francesco Angelini s.p.a., GlaxoSmithKline, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, MedImmune, EMD Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Janssen, Speaker Bureau of: Genentech, A. Grom Grant / Research Support from: Roche, Consultant for: Novartis, N. Wulffraat Grant / Research Support from: Novartis, Roche, Pfizer, AbbVie, Consultant for: Novartis, Roche, Pfizer, M. Henrickson: None declared., R. Jerath: None declared., Y. Kimura: None declared., A. Kadva Employee of: Genentech, a member of the Roche group, J. Wang: None declared., A. Martini Grant / Research Support from: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Eli Lilly, Francesco Angelini s.p.a., GlaxoSmithKline, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Eli Lilly, Francesco Angelini s.p.a., GlaxoSmithKline, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, D. Lovell Consultant for: AstraZeneca, Centocor, Janssen, Wyeth, Amgen, BMS, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffmann La-Roche, Novartis, Genentech, Speaker Bureau of: Genentech, Roche."}
+{"text": "AbstractAtelestidae, Brachystomatidae, Dolichopodidae, Empididae and Hybotidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is presented. The genera with uncertain placement within superfamily Empidoidea (= the Iteaphila group) are also included in this paper.An updated checklist of the  Empidoidea (dance flies and long-legged flies) is one of the most diverse lineages of Diptera with some 13,000 species currently recognized worldwide . Two of the Finnish genera, Anthepiscopus Becker and Iteaphila Zetterstedt, remain unassigned on family level  and by Dolichopodidae. Two updates to the dolichopodid checklist have since been published Uncertain family position within ITEAPHILA Zetterstedt, 1838Iteaphilamacquarti Zetterstedt, 1838Iteaphilanitidula Zetterstedt, 1838obscura Zetterstedt, 1849= ANTHEPISCOPUS Becker, 1891Anthepiscopusoedalinus EMPIDIDAE Latreille, 1809HEMERODROMIINAE Schiner, 1862Chelipodini Hendel, 1936CHELIPODA Macquart, 1823Chelipodaalbiseta PageBreakChelipodainexspectata Tuomikoski, 1966Chelipodavocatoria PHYLLODROMIA Zetterstedt, 1837Phyllodromiamelanocephala Hemerodromiini Schiner, 1862CHELIFERA Macquart, 1823Cheliferaconcinnicauda Collin, 1927lapponica Frey, 1950= stigmatica misid.= Cheliferaflavella Cheliferafrigelii Cheliferaprecabunda Collin, 1961Cheliferaprecatoria Cheliferasubangusta Collin, 1961Cheliferatrapezina HEMERODROMIA Meigen, 1822Hemerodromiaadulatoria Collin, 1927Hemerodromiaoratoria Hemerodromiaraptoria Meigen, 1830EMPIDINAE Latreille, 1809Empidini Latreille, 1809EMPIS Linnaeus, 1758Anacrostichussg.  Bezzi, 1909Empislucida Zetterstedt, 1838Coptophlebiasg.  Bezzi, 1909Empishyalipennis Fall\u00e9n, 1816Empissg.  Linnaeus, 1758Empisacinerea Chvala, 1985cinerea Zetterstedt, 1855 preocc.= Empisbicuspidata Collin, 1927Empiscaudatula Loew, 1867Empischioptera Meigen, 1804Empislaminata Collin, 1927Empisnigripes Fabricius, 1794pennaria Fall\u00e9n, 1816= vernalis Meigen, 1822= Empispennipes Linnaeus, 1758Empisprodromus Loew, 1867Empisstaegeri Collin, 1963planetica misid.= Empissyrovatkai Chv\u00e1la, 1985plumipes Zetterstedt, 1842 preocc.= Euempissg.  Frey, 1953PageBreakEmpispicipes Meigen, 1804maculipes Zetterstedt, 1842= Empistessellata Fabricius, 1794Kritempissg.  Collin, 1926Empislivida Linnaeus, 1758Leptempissg.  Collin, 1926Empisgrisea Fall\u00e9n, 1816Platypterasg.  Meigen, 1803Empisborealis Linnaeus, 1758Xanthempissg.  Bezzi, 1909Empisaemula Loew, 1873Empisdigramma Meigen in Gistl, 1835diagramma misspelling= Empislaetabilis Collin, 1926Empisstercorea Linnaeus, 1761Empisunivittata Loew, 1867RHAMPHOMYIA Meigen, 1822Aclonempissg.  Collin, 1926Rhamphomyiagalactoptera Strobl, 1893Amydroneurasg.  Collin, 1926Rhamphomyiagibba Holoclerasg.  Schiner, 1860Rhamphomyiabohemica Bart\u00e1k & Kub\u00edk, 2012caliginosa misid.= trigemina misid.= Rhamphomyiaculicina Rhamphomyianigripennis Rhamphomyiasciarina Rhamphomyiaumbripennis Meigen, 1822Rhamphomyiavariabilis tenuirostris = Lundstroemiellasg.  Frey, 1922Rhamphomyiadudai Oldenberg, 1927Rhamphomyiahybotina Zetterstedt, 1838Megacyttarussg.  Bigot, 1880Rhamphomyiaanomalina Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiaanomalipennis Meigen, 1822anomala misid.= Rhamphomyiacrassirostris nigripes auct. nec = Rhamphomyiagufitar Frey, 1922Rhamphomyiamaculipennis Zetterstedt, 1842tephraea misid.= PageBreakpoissoni misid.= Rhamphomyianodipes spissirostris = Rhamphomyiaparadoxa Wahlberg, 1844Pararhamphomyiasg.  Frey, 1922Rhamphomyiaalbidiventris Strobl, 1898woldstedti Frey, 1913= Rhamphomyiaalbipennis Rhamphomyiaalbitarsis Collin, 1926Rhamphomyiaalbissima Frey, 1913Rhamphomyiaalpina Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiaamoena Loew, 1840Rhamphomyiaangulifera Frey, 1913Rhamphomyiabreviventris Frey, 1913Rhamphomyiacaesia Meigen, 1822filata Zetterstedt, 1842= Rhamphomyiacaudata Zetterstedt, 1838aethiops Zetterstedt, 1838= Rhamphomyiachibinensis Frey, 1922Rhamphomyiacribrata Oldenberg, 1927Rhamphomyiacurvula Frey, 1913Rhamphomyiadentata Oldenberg, 1910Rhamphomyiafascipennis Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiafilicaudula Frey, 1949Rhamphomyiafuscipennis Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiafuscula Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiageniculata Meigen, 1830plumipes auct. nec = Rhamphomyiagriseola dispar Zetterstedt, 1838= aperta Zetterstedt, 1859= Rhamphomyiahelleni Frey, 1922Rhamphomyialividiventris Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyialongestylata Frey, 1916caudata auct. nec Zetterstedt, 1838= Rhamphomyialucidula Zetterstedt, 1842Rhamphomyiamarginata Rhamphomyiamodesta Wahlberg, 1844Rhamphomyiamurina Collin, 1926Rhamphomyianiveipennis Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiaobscura Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiaobscuripennis Meigen, 1830nitidicollis Frey, 1913= PageBreakRhamphomyiaphysoprocta Frey, 1913Rhamphomyiapilifer Meigen, 1838dentipes Zetterstedt, 1842= glaucella Zetterstedt, 1842= intermedia Frey, 1922= Rhamphomyiaplumifera Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiapoplitea Wahlberg, 1844Rhamphomyiapraestans Frey, 1913Rhamphomyiapusilla Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiarufipes Zetterstedt, 1838lapponica Frey, 1955= Rhamphomyiasimplex Zetterstedt, 1849Rhamphomyiasubglaucella Frey, 1922Rhamphomyiatibiella Zetterstedt, 1842Rhamphomyiatipularia Rhamphomyiaunguiculata Frey, 1913Rhamphomyiasp. aff.albipennisRhamphomyiasg.  Meigen, 1822Rhamphomyiaalbosegmentata Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiacinerascens Rhamphomyiacoracina Zetterstedt, 1849Rhamphomyiadorsata Becker, 1915phanerostigma Frey, 1918= Rhamphomyiahambergi Frey, 1916Rhamphomyiaignobilis Zetterstedt, 1859attenuata Frey, 1913= Rhamphomyialaevipes tephraea Meigen, 1822= Rhamphomyialatifrons Frey, 1913Rhamphomyiamorio Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyianitidula Zetterstedt, 1842Rhamphomyiapalmeni Frey, 1913Rhamphomyiaplumipes vespertilio Zetterstedt, 1842= Rhamphomyiareflexa Zetterstedt, 1838Rhamphomyiaspinipes Rhamphomyiastigmosa Macquart, 1827conformis auct. nec Kowarz, 1867= Rhamphomyiasulcata tibialis auct. nec Meigen, 1822= Rhamphomyiatrilineata Zetterstedt, 1859sulcatina Collin, 1926= tibialis auct. nec Meigen, 1822= PageBreakpropinqua misid.= Rhamphomyiavesiculosa Hilarini Collin, 1961HILARA Meigen, 1822Hilaraabdominalis Zetterstedt, 1838obscuritarsis Zetterstedt, 1859= Hilaraalbitarsis von Roser, 1840Hilaraanglodanica Lundbeck, 1913Hilarabarbipes Frey, 1908Hilarabeckeri Strobl, 1892Hilarabiseta Collin, 1927Hilarabistriata Zetterstedt, 1842Hilarabrevistyla Collin, 1927Hilaracampinosensis Niesiolowski, 1986Hilaracanescens Zetterstedt, 1849Hilarachorica Hilaraclavipes spinimana Zetterstedt, 1838= Hilaraclypeata Meigen, 1822Hilaracoracina Oldenberg, 1916quadrifaria Strobl, 1892= Hilaracornicula Loew, 1873Hilaradiscoidalis Lundbeck, 1910Hilaradiversipes Strobl, 1892germanica Engel, 1941= Hilaraeviana Straka, 1976Hilarafemorella Zetterstedt, 1842Hilaragallica Hilaragriseola Zetterstedt, 1838Hilarahirta Strobl, 1892hirtella misid.= Hilarahybrida Collin, 1961Hilarahyposeta Straka, 1976Hilaraimplicata Collin, 1927Hilaraintermedia pubipes Loew, 1873= Hilarainterstincta Hilaramonedula Collin, 1927longifurca auct. nec Strobl, 1892= Hilaralapponica Chv\u00e1la, 2002Hilaralitorea Hilaralongivittata Zetterstedt, 1842Hilaralurida PageBreakHilaranigritarsis Zetterstedt, 1838infans Zetterstedt, 1842= Hilaranitidula Zetterstedt, 1838Hilarapilipes Zetterstedt, 1838Hilarapseudochorica Strobl, 1892Hilarapulchripes Frey, 1913Hilaraquadrifasciata Chv\u00e1la, 2002quadrivittata auct. nec Meigen, 1822= Hilarasturmii Meigen, 1822cingulata misid.= Hilarasubmaura Collin, 1927Hilaratanythrix Frey, 1913Hilaratenuinervis Zetterstedt, 1838Hilarawoodiella Chv\u00e1la, 1999CLINOCERINAE Collin, 1928CLINOCERA Meigen, 1803Clinoceraappendiculata simplicinervis Frey, 1913= Clinoceraaucta Clinoceranivalis Clinocerastagnalis Clinocerawesmaeli DOLICHOCEPHALA Macquart, 1823Dolichocephalaguttata Dolichocephalairrorata Dolichocephalathomasi Wagner, 1983ocellata misid.= WIEDEMANNIA Zetterstedt, 1838Eucelidiasg.  Mik, 1881Wiedemanniazetterstedti Philolutrasg.  Mik, 1881Wiedemanniabohemani Wiedemanniasimplex fallaciosa auct. nec Loew, 1873= Wiedemanniasg.  Zetterstedt, 1838Wiedemanniabistigma Empididae (incertae sedis)Uncertain subfamily position within HORMOPEZA Zetterstedt, 1838Hormopezacopulifera Melander, 1927Hormopezaobliterata Zetterstedt, 1838RAGAS Walker, 1837Ragasunica Walker, 1837PageBreakATELESTIDAE Hennig, 1970ATELESTINAE Hennig, 1970ATELESTUS Walker, 1837Atelestuspulicarius MEGHYPERUS Loew, 1850Meghyperussudeticus Loew, 1850HYBOTIDAE Meigen, 1820TRICHININAE Chv\u00e1la, 1983TRICHINA Meigen, 1830Trichinabilobata Collin, 1926Trichinaclavipes Meigen, 1830Trichinaelongata Haliday, 1833Trichinaopaca Loew, 1864picipes Tuomikoski, 1935= Trichinapallipes TRICHINOMYIA Tuomikoski, 1959Trichinomyiaflavipes Trichinomyiafuscipes OCYDROMIINAE Schiner, 1862Ocydromiini Schiner, 1862CHVALAEA Papp & F\u00f6ldv\u00e1ri, 2001Chvalaeasopianae Papp & F\u00f6ldv\u00e1ri, 2001LEPTODROMIELLA Tuomikoski, 1936Leptodromiellacrassiseta Tuomikoski, 1936LEPTOPEZA Macquart, 1834Leptopezaborealis Zetterstedt, 1842Leptopezaflavipes OCYDROMIA Meigen, 1820Ocydromiaglabricula Ocydromiamelanopleura Loew, 1840OEDALEINAE Chv\u00e1la, 1983ALLANTHALIA Melander, 1927Allanthaliapallida ANTHALIA Zetterstedt, 1838Anthaliaschoenherri Zetterstedt, 1838EUTHYNEURA Macquart, 1836Euthyneuraalbipennis Euthyneuragyllenhali Euthyneuramyrtilli Macquart, 1836myricae Haliday, 1851 misid.= OEDALEA Meigen, 1820PageBreakOedaleafreyi Chv\u00e1la, 1983Oedaleaholmgreni Zetterstedt, 1852Oedaleahybotina Oedaleastigmatella Zetterstedt, 1842Oedaleatibialis Macquart, 1827Oedaleazetterstedti Collin, 1926TACHYDROMIINAE Meigen, 1822Symballophthalmini Sinclair & Cumming, 2006SYMBALLOPHTHALMUS Mecker, 1889Symballophthalmusdissimilis Symballophthalmusfuscitarsis scapularis Collin, 1961= Tachydromiini Meigen, 1822PLATYPALPUS Macquart, 1827Platypalpusagilis Platypalpusalbicornis Platypalpusalbiseta Platypalpusalbocapillatus Platypalpusalpinus Chv\u00e1la, 1971Platypalpusalter Platypalpusannulatus fulvipes = Platypalpusannulipes Platypalpusarticulatoides Platypalpusarticulatus Macquart, 1827? Platypalpusater atra misspelling= Platypalpusboreoalpinus Frey, 1943Platypalpusbrachystylus brunneitibia = Platypalpusbrevicornis Platypalpuscalceatus Platypalpuscandicans Platypalpusciliaris Platypalpusconfiformis Chv\u00e1la, 1971Platypalpusconfinis Platypalpuscothurnatus Macquart, 1827Platypalpuscryptospina tantulus = Platypalpuscursitans bicolor = Platypalpusecalceatus Platypalpusexcavatus Yang & Yao, 2007PageBreakexcisus  preocc.= Platypalpusexilis Platypalpusfenestella Kovalev, 1971Platypalpusflavicornis Platypalpusfuscicornis Platypalpushackmani Chv\u00e1la, 1972Platypalpusinfectus Platypalpusinterstinctus Platypalpuslaestadianorum Platypalpuslapponicus Frey, 1943Platypalpuslongicornis Platypalpuslongiseta extricatus = Platypalpusluteicornis difficilis = interjectus = Platypalpusluteus Platypalpusmaculus Platypalpusmaculimanus articulatus auct. nec Macquart, 1827= Platypalpusmaculipes Platypalpusmajor Platypalpusmelancholicus Platypalpusminutus Platypalpusnigricoxa Platypalpusnigritarsis Platypalpusnigrosetosus Platypalpusnonstriatus Strobl, 1901Platypalpusnotatus Platypalpuspallidicornis Platypalpuspallidicoxa Platypalpuspallidiventris flavipes = Platypalpuspallipes Platypalpuspectoralis Platypalpuspseudofulvipes coarctatus = Platypalpuspseudorapidus Kovalev, 1971Platypalpuspulicarius Platypalpusrapidus Platypalpussahlbergi Platypalpusscandinavicus Chv\u00e1la, 1972Platypalpussordidus PageBreakPlatypalpusstabilis Platypalpusstackelbergi Kovalev, 1971Platypalpusstigmatellus Platypalpusstrigifrons Platypalpussubbrevis Platypalpussubtilis Platypalpussylvicola Platypalpustuomikoskii Chv\u00e1la, 1972Platypalpusunguiculatus Platypalpusverralli Platypalpusvividus albisetoides Chv\u00e1la, 1973= Platypalpuszetterstedti Chv\u00e1la, 1971TACHYDROMIA Meigen, 1803Tachydromiaaemula Tachydromiaarrogans Tachydromiaconnexa Meigen, 1822Tachydromiaincompleta Tachydromialundstroemi Tachydromiamorio Tachydromiapunctifera Tachydromiasabulosa Meigen, 1830Tachydromiaterricola Zetterstedt, 1819Tachydromiaumbrarum Haliday, 1833TACHYPEZA Meigen, 1830Tachypezafennica Tuomikoski, 1932Tachypezafuscipennis Tachypezaheeri Tachypezanubila Tachypezatruncorum Tachypezawinthemi Drapetini Collin, 1961CHERSODROMIA Haliday, 1851Chersodromiaarenaria Chersodromiacursitans CROSSOPALPUS Bigot, 1857Crossopalpuscurvinervis Crossopalpuscurvipes Crossopalpushumilis Crossopalpusnigritellus Crossopalpussetiger DRAPETIS Meigen, 1822Drapetisarcuata Loew, 1859PageBreakDrapetisassimilis Drapetisexilis Meigen, 1822Drapetisinfitialis Collin, 1961Drapetisingrica Kovalev, 1972Drapetisparilis Collin, 1926Drapetispusilla Loew, 1859Drapetissimulans Collin, 1961Elaphropeza Macquart, 1827Elaphropezaephippiata STILPON Loew, 1859Stilpongraminum HYBOTINAE Meigen, 1820Bicellariini Sinclair & Cumming, 2006BICELLARIA Macquart, 1823Cyrtoma Meigen, 1824= Bicellariaaustriaca Tuomikoski, 1955Bicellariaintermedia Lundbeck, 1910Bicellarianigra Bicellariapilosa Lundbeck, 1910Bicellariasimplicipes Bicellariaspuria Bicellariasubpilosa Collin, 1926Bicellariasulcata Bicellariauvens Melander, 1928bisetosa Tuomikoski, 1936= Hybotini Meigen, 1820HYBOS Meigen, 1803Hybosculiciformis Hybosfemoratus femoralis misspelling= Hybosgrossipes SYNDYAS Loew, 1857Syndyasnigripes BRACHYSTOMATIDAE Melander, 1908TRICHOPEZINAE Vaillant, 1981GLOMA Meigen, 1822Glomafuscipennis Meigen, 1822HELEODROMIA Haliday, 1833Heleodromiasg.  Haliday, 1833Heleodromiaimmaculata Haliday, 1833TRICHOPEZA Rondani, 1856Trichopezaalbocincta PageBreakalbicincta Frey, 1913= Trichopezalongicornis DOLICHOPODIDAE Latreille, 1809MICROPHORINAE Collin, 1960MICROPHOR Macquart, 1827Microphorus misspelling= Microphoranomalus Microphorcrassipes Macquart, 1827Microphorholosericeus velutinus Macquart, 1827= PARATHALASSIINAE Chv\u00e1la, 1981MICROPHORELLA Becker, 1909Microphorellapraecox DOLICHOPODINAE Latreille, 1809DOLICHOPUS Latreille, 1796Hygroceleuthus Loew, 1857= Dolichopussg.  Latreille, 1796Dolichopusacuticornis Wiedemann, 1817Dolichopusannulitarsis Ringdahl, 1920Dolichopusapicalis Zetterstedt, 1849Dolichopusargyrotarsis Wahlberg, 1850Dolichopusarmillatus Wahlberg, 1850stenhammari var. b Zetterstedt, 1843= Dolichopusatripes Meigen, 1824Dolichopusaustriacus Parent, 1927Dolichopusbonsdorffi Frey, 1915Dolichopusbrevipennis Meigen, 1824Dolichopuscaligatus Wahlberg, 1850flavipes misid.= albifrons misid.= Dolichopuscalinotus Loew, 1871Dolichopuscampestris Meigen, 1824Dolichopuscilifemoratus Macquart, 1827pseudocilifemoratus Stackelberg, 1930= Dolichopuscinctipes Wahlberg, 1850Dolichopusclaviger Stannius, 1831Dolichopusclavipes Haliday, 1832Dolichopuscostalis Frey, 1915Dolichopusdiscifer Stannius, 1831nigricornis Meigen, 1824?= Dolichopusdiscimanus Wahlberg, 1851Dolichopusfraterculus Zetterstedt, 1843PageBreakDolichopusgriseipennis Stannius, 1831Dolichopusgubernator Mik, 1878Dolichopushilaris Loew, 1862Dolichopuslancearius Hedstr\u00f6m, 1966Dolichopuslatilimbatus Macquart, 1827Dolichopuslatipennis Fall\u00e9n, 1823Dolichopuslepidus Staeger, 1842cruralis Wahlberg, 1850= lapponicus Becker, 1917= Dolichopuslinearis Meigen, 1824Dolichopuslineatocornis Zetterstedt, 1843Dolichopuslongicornis Stannius, 1831Dolichopuslongitarsis Stannius, 1831Dolichopusmaculipennis Zetterstedt, 1843Dolichopusmannerheimi Zetterstedt, 1838Dolichopusmigrans Zetterstedt, 1843Dolichopusnigripes Fall\u00e9n, 1823Dolichopusnitidus Fall\u00e9n, 1823Dolichopusnotatus Staeger, 1842notabilis Zetterstedt, 1843= Dolichopusnubilus Meigen, 1824Dolichopuspennatus Meigen, 1824Dolichopuspicipes Meigen, 1824consimilis Wahlberg, 1850= Dolichopusplanitarsis Fall\u00e9n, 1823Dolichopusplumipes parvicaudatus Zetterstedt, 1843= pectinitarsis Stenhammar, 1851= Dolichopuspopularis Wiedemann, 1817Dolichopuspseudomigrans Ringdahl, 1928Dolichopuspunctum Meigen, 1824Dolichopusremipes Wahlberg, 1839Dolichopusrupestris Haliday, 1833Dolichopusruthei Loew, 1847Dolichopussabinus Haliday, 1838Dolichopussetiger Negrobov, 1973Dolichopussignatus Meigen, 1824Dolichopussignifer Haliday, 1832Dolichopussimplex Meigen, 1824Dolichopusstenhammari Zetterstedt, 1843annulipes Zetterstedt, 1838 invalidated= Dolichopussubpennatus d\u2019Assis-Fonseca, 1976Dolichopustrivialis Haliday, 1832PageBreakcilifemoratus auct. nec Macquart, 1827= Dolichopusungulatus Dolichopusurbanus Meigen, 1824Dolichopusvitripennis Meigen, 1824Dolichopuswahlbergi Zetterstedt, 1843Dolichopuszetterstedti Stenhammar, 1852Macrodolichopussg.  Stackelberg, 1933Dolichopusdiadema Haliday, 1832ETHIROMYIA Brooks, 2005Ethiromyiachalybeus GYMNOPTERNUS Loew, 1857Gymnopternusaerosus Gymnopternusangustifrons Gymnopternusbrevicornis Gymnopternusceler Gymnopternusmetallicus HERCOSTOMUS Loew, 1857Hercostomusgermanus Hercostomusnigrilamellatus Hercostomusnigriplantis Hercostomussahlbergi SYBISTROMA Meigen, 1824Sybistromadiscipes Sybistromaobscurellum TACHYTRECHUS Haliday, 1851Ammobates Stannius, 18312 preocc.= Tachytrechusammobates plumipes  preocc.= Tachytrechushamatus Loew, 1871Tachytrechusnotatus SCIAPODINAE Becker, 1917SCIAPUS Zeller, 1842Sciopus misspelling= Sciapusalbifrons Sciapusbasilicus Meuffels & Grootaert, 1990Sciapuslobipes Sciapuslongulus Sciapusmaritimus Becker, 1918flavomaculatus Ringdahl, 1949= Sciapusplatypterus Sciapuswiedemanni Sciapuszonatulus contristans misid.= PageBreakSYMPYCNINAE Aldrich, 1905CAMPSICNEMUS Haliday, 1851Ectomus Mik, 1878= Campsicnemusalpinus Campsicnemusarmatus Campsicnemusarticulatellus pilosellus = dasycnemus Loew, 1857= Campsicnemuscompeditus Loew, 1857Campsicnemuscurvipes Campsicnemusfemoratus Ringdahl, 1949Campsicnemusloripes Campsicnemuslumbatus Loew, 1857Campsicnemusmarginatus Loew, 1857Campsicnemusparadoxus Campsicnemuspicticornis Campsicnemuspumilio pectinulatus Loew, 1864= Campsicnemuspusillus Campsicnemusscambus LAMPROCHROMUS Mik, 1878Lamprochromusstrobli Parent, 1925SYMPYCNUS Loew, 1857Sympycnusaeneicoxa Sympycnuspulicarius annulipes ?= desoutteri Parent, 1925?= SYNTORMON Loew, 1857Bathycranium Strobl, 1892= Syntormonbicolorellus Syntormonfiliger Verrall, 1912rufipes misid.= simplicipes Frey, 1915= Syntormonfreymuthae Loew, 1873Syntormondenticulatus misid.= Syntormonmetathesis Syntormonpallipes Syntormonpumilus Syntormontarsatus aulicus misid.= TELMATURGUS Mik, 1874Telmaturgustumidulus TEUCHOPHORUS Loew, 1857PageBreakTeucophorus misspelling= Teuchophorusmonacanthus Loew, 1859Teuchophorusnigricosta pectinifer Kowarz, 1868= signatus Zetterstedt, 1849= Teuchophorusspinigerellus DIAPHORINAE Schiner, 1864ARGYRA Macquart, 1834Leucostola Loew, 1857= Argyraargentina Argyraargyria Argyraauricollis Argyradiaphana Argyraelongata Argyrailonae Geoffries, 1989confinis  preocc.= Argyraleucocephala Argyramagnicornis Argyrasetulipes Becker, 1918Argyrasetimana Loew, 1859subarctica misid.= Argyraspoliata Kowarz, 1879Argyravestita ASYNDETUS Loew, 1869Asyndetuslatifrons CHRYSOTUS Meigen, 1824Chrysotusangulicornis Kowarz, 1874Chrysotuscilipes Meigen, 1824Chrysotuscupreus Chrysotusfemoratus Zetterstedt, 1843Chrysotusgramineus microcerus Kowarz, 1874= varians Kowarz, 1874= Chrysotuslaesus amplicornis Zetterstedt, 1849= Chrysotusneglectus Chrysotusobscuripes Zetterstedt, 1838kowarzi Lundbeck, 1912= Chrysotuspulchellus Kowarz, 1874Chrysotussuavis Loew, 1857DIAPHORUS Meigen, 1824Diaphorushoffmannseggi Meigen, 1830Diaphorusnigricans Meigen, 1824PageBreakDiaphorusoculatus MELANOSTOLUS Kowarz, 1884Melanostolusmelancholicus MEDETERINAE Lioy, 1864DOLICHOPHORUS Lichtward, 1902Dolichophoruskerteszi Lichtward, 1902MEDETERA Fischer von Waldheim, 1819Medeteraabstrusa Thuneberg, 1955Medeteraacanthura Negrobov & Thuneberg, 1970Medeteraadjaniae Gosseries, 1989breviseta Parent, 1927 preocc.= Medeteraambigua Medeteraapicalis Medeterabelgica Parent, 1936 sensu Negrobov & Stackelberg, 1972Medeterabetulae Ringdahl, 1949Medeteraborealis Thuneberg, 1955Medeteracuspidata Collin, 1941Medeteradichrocera Kowarz, 1877Medeteraexcellens Frey, 1909Medeterafasciata Frey, 1915Medeterafreyi Thuneberg, 1955Medeterafumida Negrobov, 1967Medeteraimpigra Collin, 1941Medeteraincrassata Frey, 1909Medeterainfumata Loew, 1857Medeterainspissata Collin, 1952Medeterajacula Medeterajugalis Collin, 1941Medeteramelancholica Lundbeck, 1912Medeteramuralis Meigen, 1824Medeteranitida stackelbergi Parent, 1927= Medeteraobscura Medeterapallipes Medeteraparenti Stackelberg, 1925collini Thuneberg, 1955= Medeterapinicola Kowarz, 1877nuortevai Thuneberg, 1955= Medeteraplumbella Meigen, 1824Medeteraprjachinae Negrobov & Stackelberg, 1974Medeteraprotuberans Negrobov, 1967Medeterapseudoapicalis Thuneberg, 1955Medeteraseguyi Parent, 1926PageBreakMedeterasenicula Kowarz, 1877Medeterasetiventris Thuneberg, 1955Medeterasignaticornis Loew, 1857Medeterastriata Parent, 1927Medeteratristis Medeteravagans Becker, 1917fennica Thuneberg, 1955= Medeteraveles Loew, 1861bilineata Frey, 1915= Medeterazinovjevi Negrobov, 1967SYSTENUS Loew, 1857Systenusbipartitus Systenuspallipes adpropinquus = Systenusscholtzi THRYPTICUS Gerst\u00e4cker, 1864Thrypticusatomus Frey, 1915Thrypticusbellus Loew, 1869Thrypticuscuneatus Thrypticusdivisus Strobl, 1880fennicus Becker, 1917= Thrypticusintercedens Negrobov, 1967Thrypticuslaetus Verrall, 1912Thrypticusnigricauda Wood, 1913Thrypticuspollinosus Verrall, 1912Thrypticuspruinosus Parent, 1932Thrypticussmaragdinus Gerst\u00e4cker, 1864Thrypticustarsalis Parent, 1932Thrypticus sp. AHYDROPHORINAE Lioy, 1864HYDROPHORUS Fall\u00e9n, 1823Hydrophorusalbiceps Frey, 1915Hydrophorusalpinus Wahlberg, 1844Hydrophorusaltivagus Aldrich, 1911wahlgreni Frey, 1915= Hydrophorusbipunctatus Hydrophorusborealis Loew, 1857Hydrophorusbrunnicosus Loew, 1857Hydrophoruscallosoma Frey, 1915albosignatus Ringdahl, 1919= Hydrophorusfreyi Stor\u00e5, 1954Hydrophorusgeminus Frey, 1915Hydrophoruslitoreus Fall\u00e9n, 1823PageBreakHydrophorusnebulosus Fall\u00e9n, 1823Hydrophorusnorvegicus Ringdahl, 1928Hydrophoruspectinatus Gerst\u00e4cker, 1864forcipatus Frey, 1915= Hydrophoruspilipes Frey, 1915Hydrophoruspraecox Hydrophorusrufibarbis Gerst\u00e4cker, 1864micans Frey, 1915= Hydrophorussigniferus Coquillett, 1899magnicornis Frey, 1915= Hydrophorusviridis LIANCALUS Loew, 1857Liancalusvirens PEODES Loew, 1857Peodespetsamoensis Frey, 1930SCELLUS Loew, 1857Scellusspinimanus THINOPHILUS Wahlberg, 1844Thinophilussg.  Wahlberg, 1844Thinophilusflavipalpis Thinophilusruficornis NEURIGONINAE Aldrich, 1905NEURIGONA Rondani, 1856Neurigonaabdominalis Neurigonapallida Neurigonaquadrifasciata Neurigonasuturalis Neurigona sp. ARHAPHIINAE Bigot, 1852RHAPHIUM Meigen, 1803Xiphandrium Loew, 1857= Porphyrops auctt.= Rhaphiumalbifrons Rhaphiumappendiculatum macrocerum auct. nec Meigen, 1824= Rhaphiumbasale Loew, 1850Rhaphiumcaliginosum Meigen, 1824zetterstedti = Rhaphiumcommune spinicoxa Loew, 1850= Rhaphiumconfine Zetterstedt, 1843Rhaphiumcrassipes Rhaphiumdiscolor Zetterstedt, 1838PageBreakconsobrinum Zetterstedt, 1843= riparium auct. nec = Rhaphiumelegantulum Rhaphiumfasciatum Meigen, 1824Rhaphiumfascipes Rhaphiumfissum Loew, 1850Rhaphiumglaciale Rhaphiumholmgreni luteipenne = Rhaphiumlanceolatum Loew, 1850caliginosum auct. nec Meigen, 1824= Rhaphiumlaticorne nemorum Meigen, 1830= Rhaphiumlatimanum Kahanp\u00e4\u00e4, 2007Rhaphiumlongicorne Rhaphiummicans Rhaphiummonotrichum Loew, 1850auctum misid.= Rhaphiumnasutum Rhaphiumnigribarbatum Rhaphiumpatulum antennatum misid.= Rhaphiumpenicillatum Loew, 1850Rhaphiumriparium praerosum Loew, 1850= Rhaphiumrivale Rhaphiumtridactylum Rhaphiumumbripenne ACHALCINAE Grootaert & Meuffels, 1997ACHALCUS Haliday, 1857Achalcuscinereus Achalcusflavicollis Achalcusnigropunctatus Poll\u00e9t & Brunhues, 1996Achalcusvaillanti Brunhues, 1987PELOROPEODINAE Robinson, 1970CHRYSOTIMUS Loew, 1857Chrysotimusmolliculus MICROMORPHUS Mik, 1878Micromorphusclaripennis XANTHOCHLORINAE Aldrich, 1905XANTHOCHLORUS Loew, 1857Xanthochlorusornatus Xanthochlorustenellus PageBreakCheliferaastigma Collin, 1927 misidentifiedChrysotusarcticus Frey, 1915 not found within present bordersChrysotuslongipalpus Aldrich, 1896 importedpallidipalpus van Duzee, 1933= Chrysotusringdahli Parent, 1929 not found within present bordersClinoceranigra Meigen, 1804 misidentifiedCrossopalpusabditus Kovalev, 1972 not found within present bordersDolichopusangustipennis Kertesz, 1901 not found within present bordersadustus Frey, 1915= Dolichopusgrandicornis Wahlberg, 1850 not found within present bordersDolichopusmediicornis Verrall, 1875 not found within present bordersDolichopusplumitarsis Fall\u00e9n, 1823 misidentifiedDolichopuspropinquus Zetterstedt, 1852 misidentifiedDrapetisincompleta Collin, 1926 misidentifiedEmpispunctata Meigen, 1804 not found within present bordersGymnopternusassimilis  misidentifiedHilaraflavipes Meigen, 1822 misidentifiedHilaramaura  not found within present bordersHilarascrobiculata Loew, 1873 misidentifiedHilaratetragramma Loew, 1873 misidentifiedHydrophorusbalticus  not found within present bordersHydrophorusponojensis Frey, 1915 not found within present bordersIteaphilafurcata  not found within present bordersMedeteraannulitarsus von Roser, 1840 misidentifiedMedeteraglauca Loew, 1869 misidentifiedMedeterafeminina Negrobov, 1967 misidentifiedMedeteratruncorum Meigen, 1824 importedOedaleaflavipes Zetterstedt, 1842 misidentifiedParathalassiuskrogerusi Frey, 1927 nomen nudumRhamphomyiatibialis Meigen, 1822 misidentifiedRhaphiumantennatum  misidentifiedRhaphiumobscuripes Zetterstedt, 1849 misidentifiedRhaphiumsuave  not found within present bordersTachytrechusinsignis  misidentifiedTrichoclinoceralapponica  not found within present bordersPageBreakDolichopuscaligatus Wahlberg, 1850 was synonymized with Dolichopusflavipes Stannius, 1831 by Dolichopuscaligatus as a valid species. True Dolichopusflavipes  has not been found in Finland but some specimens have been recorded from Northwestern European Russia.Dolichopusstenhammari Zetterstedt, 1843. Dolichopusannulipes. Later he proposed Dolichopusstenhammari Zett., 1843 as an (unnecessary) replacement name for the taxon: Porphyropsannulipes Meigen, 1824 was recognized in Dolichopus at the time, but only as a junior synonym of what is now Sympycnuspulicarius   . NonetheHilarapseudochorica Strobl, 1892. Erroneously deleted from the Finnish checklist by Iteaphilafurcata (Zetterstedt 1842). Neurigona sp. A is probably Neurigonauralensis Becker, 1918.Platypalpusarticulatus and Platypalpusmaculimanus. According to Platypalpusarticulatus Macquart by Platypalpusmaculimanus (Zett.). Upon re-examination, all Finnish material previously identified as Platypalpusarticulatus belonged to Platypalpusmaculimanus and Platypalpusarticulatoides Frey. It remains unclear whether the real Platypalpusarticulatus occurs in Finland.Rhamphomyiasp. nr.albipennis. An apparently undescribed species near Rhamphomyiaalbipennis  .Sympycnuspulicarius . Sympycnusannulipes  and Sympycnusdesoutteri Parent, 1925 as valid species and lists Sympycnuspulicarius  as a synonym of the latter but notes that it might actually be a synonym of Sympycnusannulipes.Thrypticus sp. A is probably Thrypticusincanus Negrobov, 1967 described from the Leningrad Oblast, Russia . The type locality of this species, \u201dLappland n\u00e4ra Tjuonajaure\u201d, (ajaure\u201d,  is in Sw"}
+{"text": "AbstractTipulomorpha: families Trichoceridae, Pediciidae, Limoniidae, Cylindrotomidae and Tipulidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland.A checklist of the infraorder  Trichoceridae is a small family of medium sized gnats, mostly of Holarctic distribution. Larvae live in different decaying matter like leaves, wood, fungi or dead mammals. Adults form numerous swarms that are encountered during colder fall and spring months or warmer winter days in warmer climates or during the short summer months in northern latitudes.No comprehensive and up to date key exists for north European adults or larvae, but a combination of PageBreakTipuloidea crane flies  belong to the infraorder Tipulomorpha together with trichocerids aquatic habitats, but larvae may also be found on mosses, in dry soil, fungal fruiting bodies and dead wood. Cylindrotomids are herbivorous, feeding on vascular plants or mosses. Most larvae of (semi)aquatic species have open spiracles and are dependent on aerial oxygen supply, but truly aquatic species are able to withdraw dissolved oxygen through the cuticle of tracheal gills.hocerids . Followir tribes . Accordir tribes , two famAn annotated list of Finnish crane flies was provided by Nematocera Dumeril, 1805Tipulomorpha Rohdendorf, 1961infraorder TRICHOCERIDAE R\u00f3ndani, 1841CLADONEURA Scudder, 1894Diazosma Bergroth, 1913= Cladoneurahirtipenne ? TRICHOCERA Meigen, 1803Metatrichocerasg.  Dahl, 1966PageBreakTrichoceragigantea Trichoceralutea Becher, 1886Trichoceramackenziei Saltrichocerasg.  Krzeminska, 2002Trichoceraannulata Meigen, 1818Trichoceraarctica Lundstr\u00f6m, 1915? Trichoceraimplicata Dahl, 1976Trichoceramaculipennis Meigen, 1818Trichoceraparva Meigen, 1804Trichoceraregelationis Trichocerarufescens Edwards, 1921Trichocerasaltator fuscata Meigen, 1818= Trichocerasparsa Star\u00fd & Martinovsk\u00fd, 1996Trichocerasg.  Meigen, 1803Trichocerahiemalis Trichocerainexplorata Trichoceramajor Edwards, 1921Trichocerasibirica Edwards, 1920PEDICIIDAE Osten Sacken, 1860PEDICIINAE Osten Sacken, 1860DICRANOTA Zetterstedt, 1838Dicranotasg.  Zetterstedt, 1838Dicranotabimaculata Dicranotacrassicauda Tjeder, 1972Dicranotaguerini Zetterstedt, 1838Paradicranotasg.  Alexander, 1934Dicranotagracilipes Wahlgren, 1905Dicranotapavida Dicranotarobusta Lundstr\u00f6m, 1912Dicranotasubtilis Loew, 1871Rhaphidolabissg.  Osten Sacken, 1869Dicranotaexclusa PEDICIA Latreille, 1809Crunobiasg.  Kolenati, 1859Pediciastraminea Pediciasg.  Latreille, 1809Pediciarivosa TRICYPHONA Zetterstedt, 1837Tricyphonasg.  Zetterstedt, 1837Tricyphonaimmaculata Tricyphonalivida Madarassy, 1881PageBreakTricyphonaschummeli Edwards, 1921Tricyphonaunicolor ULINAE Alexander, 1920ULA Haliday, 1833Ulasg.  Haliday, 1833Ulabolitophila Loew, 1869Ulakiushiuensis Loew, 1869Ulamixta Star\u00fd, 1983Ulamollissima Haliday, 1833inconclusa = Ulasylvatica LIMONIIDAE Speiser, 1909CHIONEINAE R\u00f3ndani, 1841ARCTOCONOPA Alexander, 1955Arctoconopaforcipata Arctoconopaobscuripes Arctoconopazonata CHEILOTRICHIA Rossi, 1848Cheilotrichiasg.  Rossi, 1848Cheilotrichiaimbuta Empedasg.  Osten Sacken, 1869Cheilotrichiaareolata Cheilotrichiacinerascens nubila = Cheilotrichianeglecta CHIONEA Dalman, 1816Chioneasg.  Dalman, 1816Chioneaaraneoides Dalman, 1816minuta Tahvonen, 1932= Chioneacrassipes Boheman, 1846Sphaeconophilussg.  Becker, 1912Chionealutescens Lundstr\u00f6m, 1907brevirostris Tahvonen, 1932= CRYPTERIA Bergroth, 1913Crypterialimnophiloides Bergroth, 1913ERIOCONOPA Stary, 1976Erioconopadiuturna Erioconopatrivialis ERIOPTERA Meigen, 1803Eriopterasg.  Meigen, 1803Eriopterabeckeri Kuntze, 1914fuscipennis misid.= PageBreakEriopteradivisa Eriopteraflavata gemina Tjeder, 1967= Eriopteragriseipennis Meigen, 1838Eriopteralutea Meigen, 1804Eriopteranielseni Meijere, 1921Eriopterapederi Tjeder, 1969Eriopterasordida Zetterstedt, 1838Eriopterasqualida Loew, 1871Eriopteratordi Tjeder, 1973GNOPHOMYIA Osten Sacken, 1860Gnophomyiaacheron Alexander, 1950Gnophomyialugubris Gnophomyiaviridipennis Gonempeda Alexander, 1924Gonempedaflava GONOMYIA Meigen, 1818Gonomyiasg.  Meigen, 1818Gonomyiaabscondita Lackschewitz, 1935lucidula misid.= Gonomyiabifida Tonnoir, 1920Gonomyiadentata Meijere, 1920Gonomyiasimplex Tonnoir, 1920Gonomyiastackelbergi Lackschewitz, 1935Gonomyiatenella Teuchogonomyiasg.  Alexander, 1968Gonomyiaedwardsi Lackschewitz, 1925HOPLOLABIS Osten Sacken, 1869Parilisiasg.  Savchenko, 1976Hoplolabisareolata Hoplolabisvicina MOLOPHILUS Curtis, 1833Molophilussg.  Curtis, 1833Molophilusappendiculatus Molophilusater Molophilusbifidus Goetghebuer, 1920Molophilusbihamatus Meijere, 1918Molophiluscinereifrons Meijere, 1920Molophiluscorniger Meijere, 1920Molophiluscrassipygus Meijere, 1918ochrescens Edwards, 1938= Molophilusflavus Goetghebuer, 1920Molophilusgriseus PageBreakMolophilusmedius Meijere, 1918Molophilusobscurus Molophilusoccultus Meijere, 1918Molophilusochraceus Molophiluspropinquus Molophiluspullus Lackschewitz, 1927NEOLIMNOPHILA Alexander, 1920Neolimnophilacarteri Neolimnophilaplacida ORMOSIA Rondani, 1856Oreophilasg.  Lackschewitz, 1935Ormosiasootryeni Ormosiasg.  Rondani, 1856Ormosiabrevinervis Ormosiaclavata Ormosiadepilata Edwards, 1938Ormosiafascipennis Ormosiahederae Ormosialineata Ormosialoxia Star\u00fd, 1983Ormosiapseudosimilis Ormosiaruficauda Ormosiastaegeriana Alexander, 1953PHYLLOLABIS Osten Sacken, 1877Phyllolabismacroura RHABDOMASTIX Skuse, 1890Rhabdomastixborealis Alexander, 1924Rhabdomastixlaeta Rhabdomastixparva RHYPHOLOPHUS Kolenati, 1860Rhypholophushaemorrhoidalis Rhypholophusvarius SCLEROPROCTA Edwards, 1938Scleroproctapentagonalis Scleroproctasororcula danica = SYMPLECTA Meigen, 1830Psiloconopasg.  Zetterstedt, 1838Symplectalindrothi Symplectameigeni Symplectastictica Symplectasg.  Meigen, 1830Symplectachosenensis PageBreakSymplectahybrida Symplectamabelana Symplectascotica Trimicrasg.  Osten Sacken, 1861Symplectapilipes TASIOCERA Skuse, 1890Dasymolophilussg.  Goetghebuer, 1920Tasioceraexigua Savchenko, 1973Tasiocerafuscescens Tasioceramurina LIMNOPHILINAE Bigot, 1854ADELPHOMYIA Bergroth, 1891Adelphomyiapunctum AUSTROLIMNOPHILA Alexander, 1920Archilimnophilasg.  Alexander, 1934Austrolimnophilaharperi Austrolimnophilaunica DICRANOPHRAGMA Osten Sacken, 1860Brachylimnophilasg.  Alexander, 1966Dicranophragmaadjunctum Dicranophragmaseparatum nemorale misid.= leucophaea misid.= ELOEOPHILA Rondani, 1856Eloeophilamaculata Eloeophilamundata Eloeophilasubmarmorata Eloeophilatrimaculata Eloeophilaverralli EPIPHRAGMA Osten Sacken, 1860Epiphragmasg.  Osten Sacken, 1860Epiphragmaocellare EUPHYLIDOREA Alexander, 1972Euphylidoreadispar lineola misid.= Euphylidoreameigeni Euphylidoreaphaeostigma EUTONIA van der Wulp, 1874Eutoniabarbipes HEXATOMA Latreille, 1809Hexatomasg.  Latreille, 1809Hexatomafuscipennis nubeculosa misid.= PageBreakIDIOPTERA Macquart, 1834Idiopteralinnei Oosterbroek, 1992fasciata  preocc.= Idiopterapulchella pulchellavar. macropteryx = LIMNOPHILA Macquart, 1834Limnophilasg.  Macquart, 1834Limnophilapictipennis Limnophilaschranki Oosterbroek, 1992punctata = NEOLIMNOMYIA Seguy, 1937Neolimnomyiasg.  Seguy, 1937Neolimnomyiabatava PARADELPHOMYIA Alexander, 1936Oxyrhizasg.  de Meijere, 1946Paradelphomyiafuscula Paradelphomyianigrina PHYLIDOREA Bigot, 1854Macrolabinasg.  Savchenko, 1986Phylidoreanigronotata Paraphylidoreasg.  Savchenko, 1986Phylidoreafulvonervosa Euphylidorealineola misid.= Phylidoreasg.  Bigot, 1854Phylidoreaabdominalis Phylidoreabicolor Phylidoreaferruginea Phylidoreaheterogyna Phylidorealongicornis glabricula = Phylidoreanervosa nigricollis = Phylidoreasqualens Phylidoreaumbrarum PILARIA Sintenis, 1889Pilariadecolor Pilariadiscicollis Pilariameridiana Pilarianigropunctata fuscipennis misid.= Pilariascutellata PSEUDOLIMNOPHILA Alexander, 1919Pseudolimnophilasg.  Alexander, 1919PageBreakPseudolimnophilalucorum LIMONIINAE Speiser, 1909ACHYROLIMONIA Alexander, 1965Achyrolimoniadecemmaculata ANTOCHA Osten Sacken, 1860Antochasg.  Osten Sacken, 1860Antochavitripennis ATYPOPHTHALMUS Brunetti, 1911Atypophthalmussg.  Brunetti, 1911Atypophthalmusinustus DICRANOMYIA Stephens, 1829Dicranomyiasg.  Stephens, 1829Dicranomyiaaperta Wahlgren, 1904Dicranomyiaautumnalis Dicranomyiaconsimilis Dicranomyiadidyma Dicranomyiadistendens Lundstr\u00f6m, 1912Dicranomyiafrontalis Dicranomyiahalterata Osten Sacken, 1869Dicranomyiahandlirschi Lackschewitz, 1928Dicranomyiahyalinata Dicranomyialongipennis Dicranomyiamitis Dicranomyiamodesta Dicranomyiamoniliformis Doane, 1900Dicranomyiaomissinervis Meijere, 1918Dicranomyiapatens Lundstr\u00f6m, 1907Dicranomyiaradegasti Star\u00fd, 1993Dicranomyiasera Dicranomyiaterraenovae Alexander, 1920Dicranomyiaventralis Dicranomyiazernyi Lackschewitz, 1928Glochinasg.  Meigen, 1830Dicranomyialiberta Osten Sacken, 1860Dicranomyiatristis subtristis Alexander, 1924= schineri misid.= schineriana misid.= Idiopygasg.  Savchenko, 1987Dicranomyiadanica Kuntze, 1919Dicranomyiaesbeni Dicranomyiahalterella Edwards, 1921Dicranomyiaintricata Alexander, 1927PageBreakDicranomyiaklefbecki Dicranomyialulensis Dicranomyiamagnicauda Lundstr\u00f6m, 1912Dicranomyiamurina Dicranomyiaponojensis Lundstr\u00f6m, 1912Dicranomyiastigmatica Melanolimoniasg.  Alexander, 1965Dicranomyiacaledonica Edwards, 1926Dicranomyiamorio Dicranomyiaoccidua Edwards, 1926Dicranomyiarufiventris Dicranomyiastylifera Lackschewitz, 1928Numantiasg.  Bigot, 1854Dicranomyiafusca DICRANOPTYCHA Osten Sacken, 1860Dicranoptychacinerascens Dicranoptychafuscescens DISCOBOLA Osten Sacken, 1865Discobolaannulata Discobolacaesarea ELEPHANTOMYIA Osten Sacken, 1860Elephantomyiasg.  Osten Sacken, 1860Elephantomyiaedwardsi Lackschewitz, 1932Elephantomyiakrivosheinae Savchenko, 1976HELIUS Lepeletier & Serville, 1828Heliussg.  Lepeletier & Serville, 1828Heliusflavus Heliuslongirostris Heliuspallirostris Edwards, 1921LIBNOTES Westwood, 1876Afrolimoniasg.  Alexander, 1965Libnotesladogensis LIMONIA Meigen, 1803Limnobiasg.  Meigen, 18018Limoniabadia Limoniaflavipes Limoniamacrostigma Limoniamaculicosta Limoniamessaurea Mendl, 1971Limonianubeculosa Meigen, 1804Limoniaphragmitidis tripunctata Fabricius, 1781= Limoniastigma Limoniasylvicola PageBreakLimoniatrivittata LIPSOTHRIX Loew, 1873Lipsothrixecucullata Edwards, 1938Lipsothrixerrans METALIMNOBIA Matsumura, 1911Metalimnobiasg.  Matsumura, 1911Metalimnobiabifasciata Metalimnobiacharlesi Salmela & Star\u00fd, 2008Metalimnobiaquadrimaculata Metalimnobiaquadrinotata Metalimnobiatenua Savchenko, 1976Metalimnobiazetterstedti elegans Zetterstedt, 1838 preocc.= NEOLIMONIA Alexander, 1964Neolimoniadumetorum ORIMARGA Osten Sacken, 1869Orimargasg.  Osten Sacken, 1869Orimargaattenuata Orimargajuvenilis RHIPIDIA Meigen, 1818Rhipidiasg.  Meigen, 1818Rhipidiamaculata Meigen, 1818duplicata = Rhipidiauniseriata Schiner, 1864CYLINDROTOMIDAE Schiner, 1863CYLINDROTOMA Macquart, 1834Cylindrotomaborealis Peus, 1952Cylindrotomadistinctissima Cylindrotomanigriventris Loew, 1849DIOGMA Edwards, 1938Diogmacaudata Takahashi, 1960Diogmaglabrata PHALACROCERA Schiner, 1863Phalacrocerareplicata TRIOGMA Schiner, 1863Triogmatrisulcata TIPULIDAE Latreille, 1802CTENOPHORINAE Osten Sacken, 1887Ctenophorini Osten Sacken, 1887tribe CTENOPHORA Meigen, 1803Ctenophorasg.  Meigen, 1803Ctenophoraflaveolata PageBreakCtenophoraguttata Meigen, 1818Ctenophoranigriceps Ctenophorapectinicornis DICTENIDIA Brulle, 1833Dictenidiabimaculata PHOROCTENIA Coquillett, 1910Phorocteniavittata Tanypterini Savchenko, 1966tribe TANYPTERA Latreille, 1804Tanypterasg.  Latreille, 1804Tanypteraatrata Tanypteranigricornis DOLICHOPEZINAE Osten Sacken, 1887DOLICHOPEZA Curtis, 1825Dolichopezasg.  Curtis, 1825Dolichopezaalbipes Dolichopezabifida Osterbrook & Lantsov, 2011nitida of authors= TIPULINAE Latreille, 1802Prionocerini Savchenko, 1966tribe PRIONOCERA Loew, 1844Prionoceraabscondita Lackschewitz, 1933Prionocerachosenicola Alexander, 1945dimidiata misid.= absentiva misid.= Prionocerapubescens Loew, 1844Prionocerarecta Tjeder, 1948lapponica Tjeder, 1948= lackschewitzi Mannheims, 1951= Prionoceraringdahli Tjeder, 1948Prionoceraserricornis Prionocerasubserricornis proxima Lackschewitz, 1933= Prionoceraturcica Prionocerawoodoorum Brodo, 1987Tipulini Latreille, 1802tribe ANGAROTIPULA Savchenko, 1961Angarotipulatumidicornis NEPHROTOMA Meigen, 1803Nephrotomaaculeata Nephrotomaanalis Nephrotomaappendiculata Nephrotomacornicina PageBreakNephrotomacrocata Nephrotomadorsalis Nephrotomaflavescens Nephrotomalundbecki Nephrotomalunulicornis Nephrotomapratensis Nephrotomaquadristriata Nephrotomarelicta Nephrotomascurra Nephrotomasubmaculosa Edwards, 1928Nephrotomatenuipes NIGROTIPULA Hudson & Vane-Wright, 1969Nigrotipulanigra TIPULA Linnaeus, 1758Acutipulasg.  Alexander, 1924Tipulafulvipennis De Geer, 1776Tipulamaxima Poda, 1761Arctotipulasg.  Alexander, 1934Tipulasalicetorum Siebke, 1870nigricornis Zetterstedt, 1851= Beringotipulasg.  Savchenko, 1961Tipulaunca Wiedemann, 1817hortensis Meigen, 1818= Dendrotipulasg.  Savchenko, 1964Tipulaflavolineata Meigen, 1804Emodotipulasg.  Alexander, 1966Tipulaobscuriventris Strobl, 1900Lindnerinasg.  Mannheims, 1965Tipulabistilata Lundstr\u00f6m, 1907Tipulasubexcisa Lundstr\u00f6m, 1907Lunatipulasg.  Edwards, 1931Tipulaaffinis Schummel, 1833Tipulacircumdata Siebke, 1863livida misid.= Tipulafascipennis Meigen, 1818Tipulahumilis Staeger, 1840Tipulalaetabilis Zetterstedt, 1838dilatata Schummel, 1833= Tipulalimitata Schummel, 1833Tipulalunata Linnaeus, 1758luna mistake= Tipulapeliostigma Schummel, 1833? Tipularecticornis Schummel, 1833PageBreakTipulaselene Meigen, 1830Tipulatrispinosa Lundstr\u00f6m, 1907Tipulavernalis Meigen, 1804Odonatiscasg.  Savchenko, 1956Tipulanodicornis Meigen, 1818juncea Meigen, 1818= Platytipulasg.  Matsumura, 1916Tipulaluteipennis Meigen, 1830Tipulamelanoceros Schummel, 1833Pterelachisussg.  R\u00f3ndani, 1842Tipulacinereocincta Lundstr\u00f6m, 1907Tipulacrassicornis Zetterstedt, 1838Tipulairrorata Macquart, 1826Tipulajutlandica Nielsen, 1947Tipulakaisilai Mannheims, 1954Tipulalaetibasis Alexander, 1934Tipulaluridorostris Schummel, 1833Tipulamatsumurianassp.pseudohortensis Lackschewitz, 1932Tipulamutila Wahlgren, 1905Tipulaoctomaculata Savchenko, 1964Tipulapabulina Meigen, 1818Tipulapauli Mannheims, 1964Tipulapseudoirrorata Goetghebuer, 1921Tipularecondita Pilipenko & Salmela, 2012Tipulastenostyla Savchenko, 1964Tipulasubmarmorata Schummel, 1833meigeni Mannheims, 1966= Tipulatruncorum Meigen, 1830Tipulavaripennis Meigen, 1818pseudovariipennis misid.= Tipulawahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925Tipulawinthemi Lackschewitz, 1932Savtshenkiasg.  Alexander, 1965Tipulaalpium Bergroth, 1888Tipulabenesignata Mannheims, 1954Tipulaconfusa van der Wulp, 1883marmorata Meigen, 1818= Tipulagimmerthali Lackschewitz, 1925Tipulagrisescens Zetterstedt, 1851Tipulainterserta Riedel, 1913Tipulainvenusta Riedel, 1919Tipulalimbata Zetterstedt, 1838Tipulaobsoleta Meigen, 1818PageBreakTipulapagana Meigen, 1818Tipulasignata Staeger, 1840Tipulasubnodicornis Zetterstedt, 1838Schummeliasg.  Edwards, 1931Tipulavariicornis Schummel, 1833Tipulasg.  Linnaeus, 1758Tipulapaludosa Meigen, 1830oleracea misid.= Tipulasubcunctans Alexander, 1921czizeki de Jong, 1925= Vestiplexsg.  Bezzi, 1924Tipulaexcisa Schummel, 1833Tipulahortorum Linnaeus, 1758Tipulalaccata Lundstr\u00f6m & Frey, 1916Tipulamontana Curtis, 1834Tipulanubeculosa Meigen, 1804Tipulapallidicosta Pierre, 1924Tipulascripta Meigen, 1830Tipulasintenisi Lackschewitz, 1933Tipulatchukchi Alexander, 1934bo Mannheims, 1967= Yamatotipulasg.  Matsumura, 1916Tipulachonsaniana Alexander, 1945Tipulacoerulescens Lackschewitz, 1923Tipulacouckei Tonnoir, 1921Tipulafendleri Mannheims, 1963Tipulafreyana Lackschewitz, 1936Tipulalateralis Meigen, 1804Tipulamarginella Theowald, 1980marginata Meigen, 1818= Tipulamoesta Riedel, 1919Tipulamontium Egger, 1863Tipulapierrei Tonnoir, 1921solstitialis Westhoff, 1879= Tipulapruinosa Wiedemann, 1817Tipulaquadrivittata Staeger, 1840Trichocerajaponica Matsumura, 1915Twenty-two previously reported crane fly species were deleted from the Finnish list by PageBreak"}
+{"text": "The efficacy of canakinumab (CAN), a selective, human, anti-IL-1\u03b2 monoclonal antibody, was previously demonstrated in SJIA in phase III trials using aACR-JIA response criteria3.The composite score JADASTo assess the level of disease activity in CAN-treated SJIA patients, using J10 and J27 in a 12-week pooled (phase III studies) data set.Patients, 2\u201319 years of age, with active SJIA were enrolled and received sc CAN 4 mg/kg. This post-hoc analysis focuses on a 12-week pooled dataset (from 3 phase III studies) in a total of 178 CAN-na\u00efve patients, assessing the J10 and J27 scores at Days (D) 15, 29, 57, 85, and applies the appropriate cut-off values for ID, LDA, MDA and HDA.At baseline, the median Q1,Q3] J10 for completer patients (i.e. patients who complete 12 weeks treatment) was 29.1 , and the median change  from baseline at D15 and D85 was -19.4  and -21.2 , respectively. Results for J27 were very similar. The disease status at all time points for J10 and J27 are reported in Table ,Q3 J10 fIn the pooled 12-week dataset, there was a dramatic reduction in disease activity from baseline to D85, with much of the reduction taking place by D15 onwards in both completers and in the full analysis set. An increasing proportion of CAN patients achieved ID or LDA - according to J10 and J27 - in the first 12 weeks of treatment, despite corticosteroid tapering, a finding consistent with that using the previous ID definition from the phase III trials. These data confirm the early onset of effect as well as the short-term and sustained efficacy over 12 weeks of canakinumab, and suggest that JADAS may represent a useful tool to monitor treatment response.A. Ravelli Grant / Research Support from: Pfizer, Consultant for: Abbvie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Johnson & Johnson, Speaker Bureau of: Abbvie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Johnson & Johnson, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, Pfizer, UCB, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Regeneron, Paid Instructor for: Novartis, Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, Genentech, N. Ruperto Grant / Research Support from: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc.,, Speaker Bureau of: Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Janssen Biologics B.V.,Roche, Wyeth/Pfizer, P. Quartier Grant / Research Support from: Abbvie, BMS, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer and SOBI, Consultant for: Abbvie, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Servier and SOBI,, Speaker Bureau of: Chugai-Roche, MEDIMMUNE, Novartis, Pfizer, A. Consolaro Consultant for: Novartis, N. Wulffraat Grant / Research Support from: Abbvie, Roche, Consultant for: Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, K. Lheritier Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, C. Gaillez Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, A. Martini Grant / Research Support from: The Gaslini Hospital, which is the public Hospital where I work as full time employee, has received contributions to support the PRINTO research activities from the following companies: Bristol Myers and Squibb, Centocor Research & Development, Glaxo Smith & Kline,Novartis,Pfizer Inc, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Speaker Bureau of: Abbott, Bristol MyersSquibb, Astellas, Behringer, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Pfizer,Sanofi,Roche, Servier, D. Lovell Grant / Research Support from: National Institutes of Health- NIAMS, Consultant for: Astra-Zeneca, Centocor, Amgen, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Novartis, UBC, Forest Research Institute, Horizon, Johnson & Johnson, Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, Roche."}
+{"text": "The Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics is very fortunate to have excellent reviewers who kindly agree and spend their time reviewing manuscripts for the journal. Our reviewers work hard to ensure a rapid, rigorous and fair peer review process of each manuscript. Such peer review, focusing solely on the scientific integrity to determine the quality of the research submitted, is very critical to the success of our young journal.I wish to thank very much those reviewers who provided their time and expertise in evaluating manuscripts for the Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics in 2014/2015.Sincerely,Henning MadryEditor in ChiefReviewers 2014/2015Ashraf Abdelkafy, Ismailia, EgyptRoy Altman, Los Angeles, United States of AmericaOlufemi Ayeni, Hamilton, CanadaMagali Cucchiarini, Homburg, GermanyNikica Darabos, Zagreb, CroatiaLaura De Girolamo, Milan, ItalyPatricia D\u00edaz Rodr\u00edguez, Troy, United States of AmericaSabrina Ehnert, T\u00fcbingen, GermanyMuhammad Farooq Rai, St Louis, United States of AmericaLiang Gao, Homburg, GermanyAlan Getgood, Cambridge, United KingdomLars Goebel, Homburg, GermanyEnrique Gom\u00e9z-Barrena, Madrid, SpainTobias Gotterbarm, Heidelberg, GermanySibylle Grad, Davos, SwitzerlandFarshid Guilak, Durham, United States of AmericaAlan Hargens, San Diego, United States of AmericaEmily Hu, Palo Alto, United States of AmericaClark Hung, New York, United States of AmericaChristof Hurschler, Hannover, GermanyTao Ke, Homburg, GermanyTomonori Kenmoku, Kanagawa, JapanClemens Koesters, M\u00fcnster, GermanyElizaveta Kon, Bologna, ItalySebastian Kopf, Berlin, GermanyAlexis Lion, Luxembourg, LuxembourgChristopher Little, St Leonards, AustraliaPunyawan Lumpaopong, Phitsanulok, ThailandMarina Macias-Silva, M\u00e9xico D. F., M\u00e9xicoLaurent Malisoux, Luxembourg, LuxembourgHermann Mayr, M\u00fcnchen, GermanyBabak Moradi, Heidelberg, GermanyCaroline Mouton, Strassen, LuxembourgJason Mussell, New Orleans, United States of AmericaKoichi Nakagawa, Sakura-shi, Chiba, JapanNorimasa Nakamura, Osaka, JapanSven Nebelung, Aachen, GermanyGeoffroy Nourissat, Paris, FrancePatrick Orth, Homburg, GermanyDietrich Pape, Luxembourg, LuxembourgStephen Parada, Fort Gordon, United States of AmericaSilvia Pianigiani, Milan, ItalyBernd Rolauffs, T\u00fcbingen, GermanyClaudio Rosso, Basel, SwitzerlandRyan Rubin, New Orleans, United States of AmericaGian Salzmann, Zurich, SwitzerlandJose Sanhudo, Porto Alegre, BrazilJohn Segreti, Chicago, United States of AmericaRomain Seil, Luxembourg, LuxembourgLori Setton, Durham, United States of AmericaLazar Sijak, Belgrade, SerbiaDaniel Theisen, Luxembourg, LuxembourgJordan Trafimow, Chicago, United States of AmericaRonald van Heerwaarden, Woerden, The NetherlandsFrancesca Vannini, Bologna, ItalyPeter Verdonk, Antwerp, BelgiumWilliam Walsh, Randwick, Australia"}
+{"text": "AbstractBraulidae (1 species), Camillidae (3 spp.), Diastatidae (10 spp.) and Drosophilidae (67 spp.) of Finland is presented. Campichoetinae is included as a subfamily of Diastatidae.A checklist of the  Ephydroidea is now recognized as a well-supported, probably monophyletic clade of acalyptrate flies  has its own treatment in this volume of ZooKeys. The families missing from Finland are the Curtonotidae, Cryptochetidae, and Nannodastiidae with uncertain affinities subfuscipes Collin, 1933= PageBreakDIASTATIDAE Hendel, 1917CAMPICHOETINAE Griffiths, 1972CAMPICHOETA Macquart, 1835Campichoetagriseola Campichoetaobscuripennis DIASTATINAE Hendel, 1917DIASTATA Meigen, 1830Diastataadusta Meigen, 1830unipunctata Zetterstedt, 1847= Diastataboreonigra Chandler, 1987Diastatacostata Meigen, 1830Diastataflavicosta Chandler, 1987Diastatafuscula Diastatanebulosa Diastataornata Meigen, 1830Diastatavagans Loew, 1864DROSOPHILIDAE Rondani, 1856STEGANINAE Hendel, 1917AMIOTA Loew, 1862Amiotasg.  Loew, 1862Amiotaalbilabris Amiotaalboguttata Amiotarufescens Amiotasubtusradiata Duda, 1934CACOXENUS Loew, 1858Paracacoxenussg.  Hardy & Wheeler, 1960Cacoxenusargyreator Frey, 1932LEUCOPHENGA Mik, 1886Neoleucophengasg.  Oldenberg, 1915Leucophengaquinquemaculata Strobl, 1893PHORTICA Schiner, 1862Phorticasg.  Schiner, 1862Phorticavariegata Fall\u00e9n, 1823STEGANA Meigen, 1830Steganasg.  Meigen, 1830Steganafurta curvipennis = Steganinasg.  Wheeler, 1960Steganabaechlii La\u0161tovka & M\u00e1ca, 1982Steganacoleoptrata Steganahypoleuca Meigen, 1830Steganalongifibula Takada, 1968PageBreakSteganamehadiae Duda, 1924Stegananigrithorax Strobl, 1898Steganasimilis La\u0161tovka & M\u00e1ca, 1982DROSOPHILINAE Rondani, 1856CHYMOMYZA Czerny, 1903Chymomyzaamoena Chymomyzacaudatula Oldenberg, 1914Chymomyzacostata Chymomyzadistincta Chymomyzafuscimana DROSOPHILA Fall\u00e9n, 1823Dorsilophasg.  Sturtevant, 1942Drosophilabusckii Coquillett, 1901Drosophilasg.  Fall\u00e9n, 1823Drosophilaezoana Takada & Okada, 1957Drosophilafunebris Drosophilahistrio Meigen, 1830Drosophilahydei Sturtevant, 1921repleta misid.= Drosophilaimmigrans Sturtevant, 1921tripunctata Becker, 1908 preocc.= Drosophilalimbata von Roser, 1840Drosophilalittoralis Meigen, 1830Drosophilalummei Hackman, 1972Drosophilamontana Stone, Griffen & Patterson, 1941ovivororum Lakovaara & Hackman, 1973= Drosophilaphalerata Meigen, 1830Drosophilapicta Zetterstedt, 1847Drosophilarepleta Wollaston, 1858Drosophilasubarctica Hackman, 1969Drosophilatestacea von Roser, 1840Drosophilatransversa Fall\u00e9n, 1823Drosophilavireni B\u00e4chli, Vilela & Haring, 2002Sophophorasg.  Sturtevant, 1942Drosophilaalpina Burla, 1948Drosophilaambigua Pomini, 1940Drosophilabifasciata Pomini, 1940Drosophilaeskoi Lakovaara & Lankinen, 1974Drosophilaingrica Hackman, 1957Drosophilamelanogaster Meigen, 1830Drosophilaobscura Fall\u00e9n, 1823Drosophilasimulans Sturtevant, 1919Drosophilasubobscura Collin, 1936PageBreakDrosophilasubsilvestris Hardy & Kaneshiro, 1968silvestris Basden, 1954 preocc.= Drosophilatristis Fall\u00e9n, 1823HIRTODROSOPHILA Duda, 1924Hirtodrosophilacameraria Hirtodrosophilaconfusa Hirtodrosophilalundstroemi Hirtodrosophilaoldenbergi Hirtodrosophilatrivittata LORDIPHOSA Basden, 1961Lordiphosafenestrarum Lordiphosanigricolor MICRODROSOPHILA Malloch, 1921Microdrosophilasg.  Malloch, 1921Microdrosophilacongesta Oxystylopterasg.  Duda, 1924Microdrosophilazetterstedti Wheeler, 1959nigriventris  preocc.= SCAPTODROSOPHILA Duda, 1923Scaptodrosophiladeflexa guyenoti = SCAPTOMYZA Hardy, 1849Hemiscaptomyzasg.  Hackman, 1959Scaptomyzatrochanterata Collin, 1953Scaptomyzaunipunctum Parascaptomyzasg.  Duda, 1924Scaptomyzapallida disticha = Scaptomyzasg.  Hardy, 1849Scaptomyzaconsimilis Hackman, 1955Scaptomyzaflava flaveola = apicalis Hardy, 1849= Scaptomyzagraminum Scaptomyzagriseola Scaptomyzamontana Wheeler, 1949Scaptomyzateinoptera Hackman, 1955Steganastrobli Mik, 1898 misidentificationLordiphosahexasticha  not found within present bordersPageBreak"}
+{"text": "We regret any confusion or inconvenience this error may have caused.In the article \u201cStakeholder Perspectives on Changes in Hypertension Care Under the Patient-Centered Medical Home,\u201d the order of authors listed in the byline was incorrect. The correct order should have been, \u201cAlison J. O\u2019Donnell, DO, MPH; Hillary R. Bogner, MD, MSCE; Katherine Kellom, BA; Michelle Miller-Day, PhD; Heather F. de Vries McClintock, PhD; Elise M. Kaye, CNM; Robert Gabbay, MD, PhD; Peter F. Cronholm, MD, MSCE, FAAFP.\u201d The change was made to our website on May 3, 2016, and appears online at"}
+{"text": "AbstractScathophagidae, Fanniidae and Muscidae recorded from Finland is presented. Phaoniaamicula Villeneuve, 1922 is noted from Finland for the first time.A revised checklist of the  Muscoidea: Scathophagidae, Anthomyiidae, Fanniidae and Muscidae. The monophyly of the superfamily has been strongly questioned  is covered in a separate paper in this issue of ZooKeys. All three are important components of the Finnish fly fauna as can be seen from the large number of species involved and the fact that the species recorded from the country represent up to one fifth of the world fauna in the case of Scathophagidae.Three of the four families of PageBreakDiptera families. Lauri Tiensuu concentrated on these families during the 1930s  and Walter Scathophagidae. During the last ten years, both the fanniids LEPTOPA Zetterstedt, 1838Leptopafiliformis Zetterstedt, 1838MICROPSELAPHA Becker, 1894Micropselaphafiliformis PARALLELOMMA Strobl, 1894Chylizosoma Hendel, 1924= Parallelommamedium Becker, 1894Parallelommaparidis Hering, 1923 (see Notes)? Parallelommasellatum Parallelommavittatum PHROSIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830PageBreakPhrosiaalbilabris SCATHOPHAGINAE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830ACANTHOCNEMA Becker, 1894Clinoceroidessg.  Hendel, 1917Acanthocnemaglaucescens nigripes Ringdahl, 1936= ACEROCNEMA Becker, 1894Acerocnemamacrocera tiefi Becker, 1894= pokornyi Becker, 1894= ALLOMYELLA Malloch, 1923Allomyellaalbipennis Allomyellafrigida portenkoi  misid.= BOSTRICHOPYGA Becker, 1894Bostrichopygacrassipes CHAETOSA Coquillett, 1898Chaetosapunctipes CLEIGASTRA Macquart, 1835Cnemopogon Rondani, 1856= Cleigastraapicalis CONISTERNUM Strobl, 1894Coniosternum Becker, 1894= Conisternumlapponicum Conisternumobscurum Conisternumtinctinerve CORDILURA Fall\u00e9n, 1810Cordylura Meigen, 1826 emend.= Cordilurasg.  Fall\u00e9n, 1810Cordiluraaberrans Becker, 1894Cordiluraaemula Collin, 1958Cordiluraatrata Zetterstedt, 1846Cordiluraciliata Meigen, 1826Cordilurapicipes Meigen, 1826Cordilurapicticornis Loew, 1864Cordiluraproboscidea Zetterstedt, 1838Cordilurapubera Cordilurapudica Meigen, 1826Cordilurarufimana Meigen, 1826Cordilurasocialis freyi Hackman, 1956= Cordilurinasg.  James, 1955Parallelomma Becker, 1894 preocc.= PageBreakCordiluraalbipes Fall\u00e9n, 1819Cordilurafuscipes Zetterstedt, 1838Scoliaphlepssg.  Becker, 1894Cordiluraustulata Zetterstedt, 1838melanacra Loew, 1873= COSMETOPUS Becker, 1894Cosmetopusdentimana fulvipes = Cosmetopuslonga bergrothi Becker, 1900 in part= fulvipes auct. nec = Cosmetopusringdahli Andersson, 1974bergrothi Becker, 1900 in part= ERNONEURA Becker, 1894Ernoneuraargus GONARCTICUS Becker, 1894Gonarcticusabdominalis GONATHERUS Rondani, 1856Gonatherusplaniceps GIMNOMERA Rondani, 1866Cochliarium Becker, 1894= Gimnomeraalbipila Gimnomeracuneiventris Gimnomeradorsata Gimnomerahirta Hendel, 1930Gimnomeratarsea HEXAMITOCERA Becker, 1894Hexamitoceraloxoceratum HYDROMYZA Fall\u00e9n, 1823Hydromyzalivens MEGAPHTHALMA Becker, 1894Megaphthalmapallida MEGAPHTHALMOIDES Ringdahl, 1936Megaphthalmoidesunilineatus MICROPROSOPA Strobl, 1894Microprosopahaemorrhoidalis Microprosopalacteipennis Ringdahl, 1920Microprosopalineata Microprosopapallidicauda NANNA Strobl, 1894Amaurosoma Becker, 1894= Nannaarmillata Nannaarticulata PageBreakNannabispinosa Nannabrevifrons Nannafasciata Nannaflavipes minuta = multisetosa ?= Nannainermis Nannaleucostoma Nannatibiella nigripes = NORELLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Norelliatipularia  (see Notes)NORELLISOMA Hendel, 1910Norellisomalituratum Norellisomaspinimanum OKENIELLA Hendel, 1907Okeniellacaudata Okenielladasyprocta ORTHACHETA Becker, 1894Orthachetapilosa PLEUROCHAETELLA Vockeroth, 1965Pleurochaetellasimplicipes POGONOTA Zetterstedt, 1860Pogonotasg.  Zetterstedt, 1860Pogonotabarbata Lasioscelussg.  Becker, 1894Pogonotaimmunda clavatus = Pogonotasahlbergi Becker, 1900SCATHOPHAGA Meigen, 1803Scatophaga Frabricius, 1805 emend.= Scopeuma Meigen, 1800 suppr.= Scatomyza Fall\u00e9n, 1810= Scathophagaapicalis Curtis in Ross, 1835Scathophagafurcata Scathophagaincola Becker, 1900Scathophagainquinata analis Meigen, 1826= Scathophagalitorea Scathophagalutaria Scathophagaobscurinervis Becker, 1900Scathophagapictipennis Oldenberg, 1923Scathophagascybalaria PageBreakScathophagastercoraria Scathophagasuilla SPAZIPHORA Rondani, 1856Spaziphorahydromyzina fascipes = STAEGERIA Rondani, 1856Staegeriakunzei TRICHOPALPUS Rondani, 1856Trichopalpusfraternus Trichopalpusnigribasis Curran, 1927pilirostris = Trichopalpusobscurellus subarcticus = FANNIIDAE Schnabl & Dziezicki, 1911FANNIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Homalomyia Bouch\u00e9, 1834= Coelomyia Haliday, 1840= Fanniaaethiops Malloch, 1913Fanniaalpina Pont, 1970Fanniaarmata Fanniaatra Fanniacanicularis Fanniacarbonaria Fanniacarbonella Fanniacoracina Fanniacorvina halterata Ringdahl, 1918= Fanniacothurnata Fanniadifficilis Fanniafuscitibia Stein, 1920Fanniafuscula Fanniagenualis Fanniagotlandica Ringdahl, 1926Fanniahirticeps Fanniahirundinis Ringdahl, 1948Fanniaimmutica Collin, 1939Fanniaincisurata Fannialatifrontalis Hennig, 1955Fannialatipalpis Fannialepida mutica = Fannialeucosticta PageBreakFannialimbata berolinensis Hennig, 1955= Fannialucidula glaucescens auct. nec = Fannialugubrina Fannialustrator hamata = Fanniamanicata Fanniamelania ciliata = Fanniametallipennis kowarzi = Fanniaminutipalpis Fanniamollissima spathulata = Fanniamonilis Fanniapallitibia Fanniaparva Fanniapauli Pont, 1997nitida  preocc.= Fanniapolychaeta Fanniapostica Fanniaposticata pretiosa = Fanniarabdionata Karl, 1940Fanniaringdahlana Collin, 1939umbrosa auct. nec = Fanniarondanii carbonaria  preocc.= aerea misid.= Fanniascalaris subscalaris Zimin, 1946= Fanniaserena Fanniasimilis Fanniaslovaca Gregor & Rozko\u0161n\u00fd, 2005Fanniasociella Fanniaspathiophora Malloch 1918nodulosa Ringdahl, 1926= Fanniaspeciosa Fanniastigi Rognes, 1982Fanniasubatripes d\u2019Assis-Fonseca, 1967Fanniasubpellucens Fanniasubpubescens Collin, 1958PageBreakFanniatuberculata Fanniaumbratica Collin, 1939Fanniaumbrosa subumbrosa Ringdahl, 1934= Fanniaverrallii Fanniavesparia Fanniavespertilionis Ringdahl, 1934PIEZURA Rondani, 1844Platycoenosia Strobl, 1894= Piezuragraminicola boletorum = mikii = Piezurapardalina graminicola auct. nec = MUSCIDAE Latreille, 1802ACHANTHIPTERINAE Hennig, 1962ACHANTHIPTERA Rondani, 1856Achanthipterarohrelliformis inanis  preocc.= COENOSIINAE Verrall, 1888Coenosiini Verrall, 1888tribe COENOSIA Meigen, 1826Caricea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830= Oplogaster Rondani, 1856= Dexiopsis Pokorny, 1893= Coenosiaacuminata Strobl, 1898annulipes Ringdahl, 1932= Coenosiaagromyzina Coenosiaambulans Meigen, 1826Coenosiabilineella Coenosiacampestris sexnotata auct. nec Meigen, 1826= Coenosiacomita  (see Notes)? ovulifera Tiensuu, 1938= Coenosiadealbata fulvicornis = Coenosiaflavimana albatella = Coenosiahumilis Meigen, 1826Coenosiaintermedia Coenosialacteipennis Coenosialineatipes PageBreakalbicornis misid.= Coenosiameans Meigen, 1826Coenosiamollicula Coenosiaoctopunctata Coenosiapaludis Tiensuu, 1939Coenosiapedella decipiens Meigen, 1826= Coenosiaperpusilla Meigen, 1826Coenosiapudorosa Collin, 1953Coenosiapulicaria Coenosiapumila Coenosiapygmaea Coenosiaruficornis Macquart, 1835litoralis = Coenosiarufipalpis Meigen, 1826flavicauda Ringdahl, 1937= Coenosiasallae Tiensuu, 1938Coenosiatestacea tricolor = alleni d\u2019Assis-Fonseca, 1966= Coenosiatigrina Coenosiatrilineella trilineata emend.= Coenosiaverralli Collin, 1953steini Verrall, 1912 preocc.= LIMNOSPILA Schnabl, 1902Limnospilaalbifrons LISPOCEPHALA Pokorny, 1893Lispocephalaalma Lispocephalaerythrocera Lispocephalafalculata Collin, 1963Lispocephalafuscitibia Ringdahl, 1944Lispocephalapallipalpis Lispocephalaspuria vitripennis Ringdahl, 1951= Lispocephalaverna MACRORCHIS Rondani, 1877Macrorchismeditata PSEUDOCOENOSIA Stein, 1916Pseudocoenosiaabnormis Stein, 1916Pseudocoenosiasolitaria longicauda = SCHOENOMYZA Haliday, 1833PageBreakSchoenomyzalitorella Limnophoriini Villeneuve, 1902tribe LIMNOPHORA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Limnophoranigripes Limnophorapandellei S\u00e9guy 1923 (see Notes)Limnophorariparia Limnophorarotundata Collin, 1930Limnophoratigrina notata  preocc.= Limnophoratriangula Limnophorauniseta Stein, 1916LISPE Latreille, 1796Lispeconsanguinea Loew, 1858Lispehydromyzina Fall\u00e9n, 1825Lispelitorea Fall\u00e9n, 1825Lispemelaleuca Loew, 1847Lispepygmaea Fall\u00e9n, 1825Lispetentaculata Lispeuliginosa Fall\u00e9n, 1825SPILOGONA Schnabl, 1911Spilogonaaerea Spilogonaalbisquama Spilogonaalpica Spilogonaarenosa Spilogonaatrisquamula Hennig, 1959Spilogonabaltica Spilogonabrunneifrons Ringdahl, 1931Spilogonabrunneisquama Spilogonacarbonella Spilogonacontractifrons Spilogonadenigrata Spilogonadepressiuscula Spilogonadepressula Spilogonadispar funeralis Rondani, 1866= Spilogonafalleni Pont, 1984litorea auct. nec = Spilogonakrogerusi micans misid.= Spilogonaleucogaster Spilogonamalaisei Spilogonamarginifera Hennig, 1959marginalis  preocc.= PageBreakSpilogonameadei Spilogonamegastoma Spilogonanigriventris Spilogonanitidicauda Spilogonanovemmaculata Spilogonaopaca Spilogonapacifica vana = Spilogonapalmeni Spilogonapseudodispar spinitibia = Spilogonapusilla Spilogonaquinquelineata Spilogonasemiglobosa Spilogonasororcula zetterstedti  preocc.= Spilogonaspectabilis Spilogonasurda Spilogonatenuis Hennig, 1959Spilogonatornensis Spilogonatriangulifera Spilogonatrianguligera insularis = Spilogonatrigonata Spilogonatundrae macropyga = Spilogonatundrica Spilogonavarsaviensis glauca = Spilogonaveterrima VILLENEUVIA Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911Villeneuviaaestuum AZELIINAE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Azeliini Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830tribe AZELIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Azeliaaterrima Azeliacilipes Azeliagibbera Azeliamonodactyla Loew, 1874Azelianebulosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830macquarti = Azeliatrigonica Hennig, 1956nuda Hennig, 1956= PageBreakAzeliatriquetra Azeliazetterstedtii Rondani, 1866DRYMEIA Meigen, 1826Pogonomyia Rondani, 1871= Trichopticoides Ringdahl, 1931= Drymeiahamata Drymeiatetra Drymeiavicana decolor = HYDROTAEA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Ophyra Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830= Lasiops Meigen, 1838= Hydrotaeaaenescens Hydrotaeaalbipuncta Hydrotaeaanxia bispinosa = Hydrotaeaarmipes occulta = Hydrotaeabasdeni Collin, 1939Hydrotaeaborussica Stein, 1899Hydrotaeacyrtoneurina Hydrotaeadentipes Hydrotaeadiabolus ciliata  preocc.= bimaculata = Hydrotaeafloccosa Macquart, 1835armipes auct. nec = Hydrotaeaignava leucostoma = Hydrotaeairritans Hydrotaeameridionalis Portschinsky, 1882Hydrotaeameteorica Hydrotaeamilitaris Hydrotaeanidicola Malloch, 1925Hydrotaeapalaestrica Hydrotaeapandellei Stein, 1899Hydrotaeaparva Meade, 1889Hydrotaeapellucens Portschinsky, 1879Hydrotaeapilipes Stein, 1903Hydrotaeapilitibia Stein, 1916Hydrotaearingdahli Stein, 1916Hydrotaeascambus Hydrotaeasimilis Meade, 1887PageBreakHydrotaeatuberculata Rondani, 1866Hydrotaeavelutina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830POTAMIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Dendrophaonia Malloch, 1923= Potamialittoralis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830querceti = THRICOPS Rondani, 1856Alleostylus Schnabl, 1888= Thricopsaculeipes Thricopsalbibasalis sudeticus auct. nec = Thricopscoquilletti Thricopscunctans hirsutulus auct. nec = Thricopsdiaphanus Thricopsfoveolatus Thricopsgenarum sundewalli = Thricopshirtulus subrostratus = Thricopsinnocuus Thricopslividiventris Thricopslongipes Thricopsnigrifrons Thricopsnigritellus Thricopsrostratus Thricopsrufisquamus penicillatus = Thricopssemicinereus Thricopssepar Thricopssimplex Reinwardtiini Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889tribe MUSCINA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Muscinaangustifrons Muscinalevida assimilis = Muscinapascuorum Muscinaprolapsa pabulorum = Muscinastabulans MUSCINAE Latreille, 1802Muscini Latreille, 1802tribe EUDASYPHORA Townsend, 1911PageBreakEudasyphoracyanicolor Eudasyphorazimini MESEMBRINA Meigen, 1826Hypodermodes Townsend, 1912= Mesembrinaintermedia Zetterstedt, 1848?Mesembrinameridiana Mesembrinamystacea Mesembrinaresplendens Wahlberg, 1844MORELLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Morelliasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Morelliaaenescens Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Morelliahortorum Morelliapodagrica Ziminiellasg.  Nihei & Carvalho, 2007Morelliasimplex MUSCA Linnaeus, 1758Muscaautumnalis De Geer, 1776corvina Fabricius, 1781= Muscadomestica Linnaeus, 1758Muscatempestiva Fall\u00e9n, 1817NEOMYIA Walker, 1859Orthellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863= Neomyiacornicina caesarion = fennica = Neomyiaviridescens cornicina auct. nec = POLIETES Rondani, 1866Polietesdomitor albolineatus = Polieteslardarius Polietesnigrolimbatus Polietessteinii PYRELLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Pyrelliavivida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830cadaverina auct. nec = Stomoxyini Meigen, 1824tribe HAEMATOBIA Le Peletier & Serville, 1828Lyperosia Rondani, 1856= Haematobiairritans HAEMATOBOSCA Bezzi, 1907Haematoboscaalcis Snow, 1891crassipalpis = PageBreakHaematoboscastimulans STOMOXYS Geoffroy, 1762Stomoxyscalcitrans MYDAEINAE Verrall, 1888GRAPHOMYA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Graphomyamaculata Graphomyaminor Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830GYMNODIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Brontaea Kowarz, 1873= Gymnodiahumilis HEBECNEMA Schnabl, 1889Hebecnemafumosa Hebecnemanigra vespertina auct. nec = Hebecnemanigricolor Hebecnemaumbratica Hebecnemavespertina affinis Malloch, 1921= MYDAEA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Mydaeaaffinis Meade, 1891discimana Malloch, 1920= Mydaeaancilla Mydaeaanicula Mydaeacorni Scopoli, 1763pagana  preocc.= scutellaris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830= Mydaeadeserta Mydaeadetrita electa = Mydaeahumeralis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830tincta = Mydaeanebulosa Mydaeaobscurella Malloch, 1921bengtssoni Ringdahl, 1924= Mydaeaorthonevra detrita auct. nec = Mydaeapalpalis Stein, 1916Mydaeasetifemur Ringdahl, 1924Mydaeasootryeni Ringdahl, 1928Mydaeaurbana MYOSPILA Rondani, 1856Myospilabimaculata Myospilameditabunda PageBreakOPSOLASIA Coquillett, 1910Opsolasiaorichalcea PHAONIINAE Malloch, 1917Phaoniini Malloch, 1917tribe HELINA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Helinaabdominalis Helinaallotalla Helinaannosa Helinaatricolor denudata = denutata emend.= Helinabohemani Helinacelsa quadrimaculata  preocc.= quadrimaculella Hennig, 1957= Helinaciliata Karl, 1929 (see Notes)? Helinaciliatocosta ciliatocostata emend.= Helinacilipes Helinacinerella vanderwulpi = calceata misid.= Helinaconfinis anceps = Helinaconsimilis Helinacothurnata obscuripes auct. nec = Helinadaicles binotata = Helinadepuncta Helinaevecta lucorum  preocc.= laetifica = Helinaflavisquama Helinafratercula Helinafulvisquama Helinaimpuncta Helinalatitarsis Ringdahl, 1924Helinalaxifrons Helinalongicornis Helinaluteisquama Helinamaculipennis obscuripes = PageBreakHelinaobscurata Helinapertusa Helinaprotuberans Helinapubiseta Helinaquadrinotata Helinaquadrum Helinareversio duplicata = duplaris auct. nec = communis = Helinasetiventris Ringdahl, 1924Helinasexmaculata uliginosa  preocc.= punctata = Helinaspinicosta Helinasqualens borealis = Helinasubvittata rothi Ringdahl, 1939= marmorata auct. nec = Helinatetrastigma flagripes = Helinatrivittata atripes = Helinaveterana Helinavicina suecica Ringdahl, 1924= LOPHOSCELES Ringdahl, 1922Lophoscelescinereiventris cristata = Lophoscelesfrenatus Lophosceleshians Lophoscelesmutatus PHAONIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Wahlgrenia Ringdahl, 1929= Dialytina Ringdahl, 1945= Phaoniaaeneiventris cinctinervis = Phaoniaalpicola Phaoniaamabilis Phaoniaamicula Villeneuve, 1922 (see Notes)Phaoniaangelicae basalis = PageBreakPhaoniaangulicornis erinacea = Phaoniaapicalis Stein, 1914Phaoniaatriceps Phaoniaatrocyanea Ringdahl, 1916Phaoniacanescens Stein, 1916Phaoniaconsobrina Phaoniaczernyi Hennig, 1963steinii Czerny, 1900 preocc.= Phaoniaerrans erratica  preocc.= Phaoniaerronea Phaoniafalleni vagans  preocc.= Phaoniafugax Tiensuu, 1946Phaoniafuscata Phaoniagobertii Phaoniagracilis Stein, 1916Phaoniagrandaeva Phaoniahalterata Phaoniahybrida Phaoniaincana Phaoniajaroschewskii crinipes Stein, 1913= Phaoniakowarzii fulvicornis Tiensuu, 1936= Phaonialaeta Phaonialatipalpis Schnabl, 1911umbraticola d\u2019Assis-Fonseca, 1957= Phaonialongicornis Stein, 1916Phaonialugubris morio = Phaoniamagnicornis Phaoniameigeni Pont, 1986lugubris auct. nec = Phaoniamystica vittifera = Phaonianymphaearum nitida = Phaoniapallida Phaoniapallidisquama Phaoniapalpata Phaoniaperdita Phaoniapratensis PageBreaklaeta auct. nec = Phaoniarufipalpis Phaoniarufiventris populi = Phaoniaserva Phaoniasteinii Phaoniasubfuscinervis Phaoniasubventa variegata = Phaoniataigensis Zinovjev, 1987Phaoniatiefii Schnabl, 1888Phaoniatrimaculata (Bouch\u00e9)servaeformis Ringdahl, 1916= Phaoniatuguriorum signata = Phaoniavalida viarum = erratica auct. nec = Phaoniavillana Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830mystica auct. nec = Phaoniavivida austriaca = Phaoniawahlbergi Ringdahl, 1930Phaoniazugmayeriae humeralis ?= humerella = Coenosiafemoralis  misidentifiedFanniabarbata  not found within present bordersFannialineata  not found within present bordersFannianigra Malloch, 1910 not found within present bordersHydrotaeaglabricula Limnophorapollinifrons Stein, 1916 not found within present bordersPhaoniabitincta  misidentifiedScathophagacalida Haliday in Curtis, 1832 not found within present bordersSpilogonaacrostichalis Spilogonanorvegica Spilogonaobscuripennis  not found within present bordersSpilogonaseptemnotata  misidentifiedSpilogonasetigera Spilogonaspininervis PageBreakCoenosiacomita . Collected only from Salla. The type locality of Coenosiaovulivera Tiensuu, Vuorij\u00e4rvi, is now Russian territory . This species was first recorded from Finland by Norelliatipularia a nomen dubium and probably synonymous with Norelliaspinipes Meigen, but Parallelommaparidis Hering, 1923. This name was synonymized with Parallelommavittatum (Meigen) by Parallelommaparidis and upheld the synonymy. Not everyone agrees with this synonymy (Paris (Liliaceae) and adults caught among Dactylorhiza (Orchidaceae) suggest that two species are involved.synonymy . FinnishPhaoniaamicula Villeneuve, 1922. New to Finland. Recorded as Phaoniasp. nr.halterata by Ab: Turku, Ruissalo (67093:32336), 3.vii.2008, leg K. Winqvist, 1 male."}
+{"text": "Corrigenda for three articles. et al. , Vishnupriya, Suresh, Gunasekaran et al. , and Vishnupriya, Suresh, Sakthi et al. .The schemes and chemical names are corrected in three related papers: Vishnupriya, Suresh, Bharkavi"}
+{"text": "Canakinumab (CAN), a selective, fully human, anti-interleukin-1\u03b2 monoclonal antibody, has been shown to be efficacious in SJIA patients (pts) in 2 phase 3 trials: Trial 1  and Trial 2 . In Trial 1, statistically significantly more CAN than PBO group pts achieved an adapted pediatric ACR 30 response and in Trial 2, CAN allowed successful reduction/discontinuation of steroids and significantly reduced risk of flare. Safety profile of CAN was in line with expectations for a biologic agent in active SJIA. The persistent disabling features of SJIA and chronic pain can have a negative impact on health-related quality of life (hrqol). These outcomes were evaluated in the CAN phase 3 program.To report pt-reported functional ability and hrqol outcomes from the CAN phase 3 program.\u00a9]), pain , and physical (phs) and psychosocial (pss) health status in 5-18 year old pts., according to the Child Health Questionnaire-Parent Form (CHQ-PF50).The phase 3 analysis included 84 pts  in Trial 1 and 177 pts in Trial 2  in Part 1, and 100 rolled into Part 2 . Pt-reported assessments included functional ability , which was ~3.6 \u00d7 the minimal clinically important difference of -0.19. The LSM in overall pain intensity were significantly lower (both p < 0.0001) in the CAN group vs PBO both at Day 15  and Day 29 . CHQ-PF50 phs and pss scores also showed significant improvements over time . Improvements in CHAQ disability, CHQ-PF50 phs and pss, and VAS pain scores were also observed in Trial 2 , Consultant for: Abbott, Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Janssen Biologics B.V., Ely Lilly and Company, Francesco A, Glaxo Smith & Klime, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences gmbh, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Speakers Bureau: Astellas, Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, medimmune, Novartis, D. Lovell Grant/Research Support from: NIH, Consultant for: Astra-Zeneca, Centocor, Jannsen, Wyeth, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffman La-Roche, Novartis, Genentech, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, Roche.P. Quartier Grant/Research Support from: Abbvie, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Consultant for: Abbvie, BMS, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Servier, Sweedish Orphan Biovitrum, Speakers Bureau: Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, N. Ruperto Grant/Research Support from: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences gmbh, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., Speakers Bureau: Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Janssen Biologics B.V., Roche, Wyeth/Pfizer, N. Wulffraat Consultant for: Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, Medimmune, EMD Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Jannsen, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, R. Brik Grant/Research Support from: Novartis, Consultant for: Novartis, L. Mccann: None declared., H. Foster Grant/Research Support from: Pfizer, biomarin, Speakers Bureau: Pfizer, M. Frosch: None declared., V. Gerloni: None declared., L. Harel: None declared., C. Len: None declared., K. Houghton: None declared., R. Joos: None declared., K. Abrams Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, K. Lheritier Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, S. Kessabi Employee of: Novartis, A. Martini Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Janssen Biologics B.V., Ely Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Bisciences, gmbh, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc.(Consulting fee). The GASLINI hospital which is a public hospital where I work as full time employee has received contributions to support the research activities of the network of PRINTO ("}
+{"text": "Although fever and hypothermia are common abnormal physical signs observed in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU), little data exist on their optimal management. The objective of this study was to describe contemporary practices and determinants of management of temperature abnormalities among patients admitted to ICUs.Site leaders of the multi-national EUROBACT study were surveyed regarding diagnosis and management of temperature abnormalities among patients admitted to their ICUs.Of the 162 ICUs originally included in EUROBACT, responses were received from 139 (86%) centers in 23 countries in Europe (117), South America (8), Asia (5), North America (4), Australia (3) and Africa (2). A total of 117 (84%) respondents reported use of a specific temperature threshold in their ICU to define fever. A total of 14 different discrete levels were reported with a median of 38.2\u00b0C . The use of thermometers was protocolized in 91 (65%) ICUs and a wide range of methods were reportedly used, with axillary, tympanic and urinary bladder sites as the most common as primary modalities. Only 31 (22%) of respondents indicated that there was a formal written protocol for temperature control among febrile patients in their ICUs. In most or all cases practice was to control temperature, to use acetaminophen, and to perform a full septic workup in febrile patients and that this was usually directed by physician order. While reported practice was to treat nearly all patients with neurological impairment and most patients with acute coronary syndromes and infections, severe sepsis and septic shock, this was not the case for most patients with liver failure and fever.A wide range of definitions and management practices were reported regarding temperature abnormalities in the critically ill. Documenting temperature abnormality management practices, including variability in clinical care, is important to inform planning of future studies designed to optimize infection and temperature management strategies in the critically ill. Temperature abnormalities occur in approximately 50% of patients admitted to adult intensive care units (ICUs) and are associated with increased mortality in select groups of patients -8. AlthoA number of small clinical trials have investigated temperature control strategies in febrile critically ill patients -14,19. DA survey exploring fever management practices was developed specifically for this study . Analyses were primarily descriptive. Non-normally distributed (skewed) continuous data were reported as medians with interquartile ranges (IQR) and groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. Grouped categorical data were compared using the Fisher's exact test or chiP = 0.018) and were more likely to be from non-European centers .Of the 162 ICUs originally included in EUROBACT, responses were received from 139 (86%) centers in 23 countries in Europe (117), South America (8), Asia (5), North America (4), Australia (3) and Africa (2). There were no statistically significant differences among responders and non-responders with regard to reported average ICU case-fatality rate, ICU specialty type, university-affiliation or public/private ICU. However, non-respondents had significantly larger ICUs  reported use of a specific temperature threshold in their ICU to define fever. A total of 14 different discrete levels were reported to define fever ranging from 37.0\u00b0C to 40.0\u00b0C with a median of 38.2\u00b0C . The use of thermometers was protocolized in 91 (65%) ICUs. A wide range of temperature measurement methods were used, with axilla, pulmonary artery catheter, and rectal thermometry the most commonly reported modalities  reported these were only done by specific physician order, 25 (18%) stated these were routinely performed by nurses unless requested otherwise, 24 (17%) routinely performed these per protocol based on a predefined temperature threshold, and 7 (5%) indicated use of other approaches. When asked to report a usual threshold of hypothermia that would trigger the ordering of blood cultures, 129 (93%) responses were received. Fourteen different discrete levels were reported which ranged from 34\u00b0C to 38.3\u00b0C with a median of 36.0\u00b0C . In the event of hypothermia, 104 (75%) performed cultures only with specific physician order, 21 (15%) routinely cultured per protocol based on a specific temperature threshold, 10 (7%) routinely cultured blood as performed by nurses unless requested otherwise, and 4 (3%) indicated other approaches.When asked specifically about ordering blood cultures in response to new fever or hypothermia, 136 (98%) indicated systematic use of aerobic culture bottles, 113 (81%) systematic use of anaerobic bottles, 37 (27%) systematic use of bottles for fungi, and 42 (30%) indicated that the type of bottles were specifically defined by physician order.P = 0.034) and were more likely to use acetaminophen for fever control .In the management of patients, only 31 22%) respondents indicated that there was a formal written protocol in place for temperature control among febrile patients in their ICUs. In most or all cases the practice was to control temperature, to use acetaminophen and to perform a septic workup in febrile patients and that this was usually directed by physician order as shown in Table 2% responAn exploratory analysis was conducted by comparing survey results with clinical variables obtained in the original EUROBACT study. No significant relationships were found between reported temperature thresholds in the survey for defining fever and median time to adequate therapy, case-fatality rate or the proportion of patients with fever in the original study. In addition, participating ICUs were dichotomized into those that had case-fatality rates of 30% or less (low) and those that were greater than 30% (high) for hospital acquired bloodstream infection requiring ICU admission. No relationship between any of the survey variables and high or low case-fatality rate was observed.This study documents major variability in reported practices in the diagnosis and management of temperature abnormalities in critically ill patients worldwide. A total of 14 different discrete thresholds for fever were reported in this study confirming that there is not widespread accepted levels or consensus for the diagnosis of fever. Furthermore, the modalities used to measure temperature varied widely across study centers  Hospital, Athens, Greece; Georgios Anthopoulos, Georgios Choutas, Intensive Care Unit, 251 Air Force General Hospital, Athens, Greece; Anastasia Koutsikou, Ilona Nikolaidou, Intensive Care Unit , General Hospital of Athens \"Asklepieion Voulas,\" Athens, Greece; Vasileios Bekos, Anna Spring, Intensive Care Unit, Naval Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece; Haralambos Paskalis, Vassiliki Psallida, Intensive Care Unit, Hygeia General Hospital, Athens, Greece; Aikaterini Ioakeimidou, Alexandra Lahana, Intensive Care Unit, Athens Veterans Hospital (Nimits), Athens, Greece; Paraskevi Plantza, Aikaterini Nodarou, ICU Kaa Sotiria General Hospital, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece; Antonia Koutsoukou, Magdalini Kyriakopoulou, ICU 1st Resp. Medicine Depart. Athens University, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece; Martha Michalia, Phyllis Clouva-Molyvdas, Department of Critical Care Medicine, \"Thriassion\" General Hospital of Eleusis, Elefsina, Athens, Greece; Dimitrios Sfyras, Christos Georgiadis, Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Lamia, Lamia, Greece; Pavlos Polakis, Spiros Papanikolaou, Intensive Care Unit, \"Peiraiko\" Therapeftirio, Pireus, Greece; Christos Christopoulos, Efstratia Vrettou, Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Pyrgos, Pyrgos, Greece; Kostoula Arvaniti, Dimitrios Matamis, Critical Care Department, \"Papageorgiou\" General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Theoniki Paraforou, Kyriaki Spiropoulou, ICU, General Hospital of Trikala, Trikala, Greece; Dimitris Georgopoulos, Maria Klimathianaki, Critical Care Department, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Georgios Nakos, Vasilios Koulouras, Critical Care Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; Apostolos Komnos, Achilleas Chovas, Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Larisa, Larisa, Greece; Athanasios Prekates, Eleni Magira, Critical Care Department, \"Tzaneion\" General Hospital of Pireus, Pireus, Greece; Maria Giannakoy, Eleni Gkeka, Intensive Care Unit, \"Ahepa\" General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece; Eleni Antoniadou, Elli Antypa, Critical Care Department, General Hospital of Thessaloniki \"G. Genimatas,\" Thessaloniki, Greece; Nikoletta Gritsi-Gerogianni, Christina Kydona, Critical Care Department, \"Hippokrateion\" General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Epaminondas Zakynthinos, Nikolas Tzovaras, Critical Care Department, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece; Akos Csomos, Surgical Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Cs\u00f3ka G\u00e1bor, S\u00fcrg\u0151ss\u00e9gi Beteg Ell\u00e1t\u00f3 Egys\u00e9g, F\u0151v\u00e1rosi \u00d6nkorm\u00e1nyzat Szent Imre K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, Budapest, Hungary; Borbala Mikos, Gy\u00f6rgy Velkey, Pediatric Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Bethesda Children's Hospital of The Hungarian Reformed Church, Budapest, Hungary; Eszter Vit\u00e1lis, Auguszta Seb\u00e9szet Intenz\u00edv, The Medical And Health Science Centre of the University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; N\u00f3ra, \u00c1gota Kov\u00e1cs, Aito Fl\u00f3r Ferenc, Kistarcsa, Hungary; Lajos Bogar, Tamas Kiss, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Therapy, University of P\u00e9cs, P\u00e9cs, Hungary; Zollei Eva, Medical ICU, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Valerio Mangani, Giorgio Tulli, Intensive Care Unit, S. Giovanni Di Dio, Firenze, Italy; Guido Stefania, Ronco Chiara, Centro Rianimazione, Maggiore Della Carit\u00e0, Novara, Italy; Massimo Antonelli, Luca Montini, Rianimazione E Terapia Intensiva, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy; Monica Rocco, Giorgia Citterio, Centro Di Rianimazione, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy; Shigeki Fujitani, Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan; Koji Hosokawa, Intensive Care Unit, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Motaouakkil Said, Charra Boubaker, Reanimation Medicale, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco; Marcus Schultz, Annelou Van Der Veen, ICU, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Heleen Aardema, Intensive and Respiratory Care Unit, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Dennis Bergmans, Rik Schoemakers, Department of Intensive Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Ronald Wesselink, ICU, St. Antonius Ziekenhuis, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands; Evelien A.N. Oostdijk, Marc J.M. Bonten, Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Iwona Dragan, ICU, General Hospital, Gniezno, Poland; W\u0142odzimierz Kostyrka, Medical ICU, Szpital Powiatowy, Ostr\u00f3w Wielkopolski, Poland; Barbara Tamowicz, Adam Mikstacki, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Regional Hospital, Poznan, Poland; Piotr Smuszkiewicz, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University Hospital, Poznan, Poland; Jacek Nadolski, Oa I It, Wielkopolska Center of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, Pozna\u0144, Poland; Robert Choma, Oddzia\u0142 Anestezjologii I Intensywnej Terapii, Szpital W \u015aremie, \u015arem, Poland; Wladyslaw Koscielniak, Pawel Pietraszek, Oddzial Anestezjologii I Intesywnej Terapii, Regional Hospital Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland; Edward Maul, Servi\u00e7o De Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Central Do Funchal, Funchal, Portugal; Anabela B\u00e1rtolo, Salom\u00e9 Martins, UCIP, Chaa, Guimar\u00e3es, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal; Isabel Miranda, Mariana Oliveira, UCIP02, Hospital De St. Ant\u00f3nio Dos Capuchos, Centro Hospitalar De Lisboa Central, E.P.E., Lisboa, Portugal; Carlos Fran\u00e7a, Ana Tornada, Smi, Hospital De Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; Lu\u00eds Telo, Leonardo Ferreira, UCIP, Pulido Valente, Lisboa, Portugal; Teresa Cardoso, Unidade De Cuidados Intensivos Polivalente, Hospital De Santo Ant\u00f3nio, Porto, Portugal; Lurdes Santos, Alcina Ferreira, UCI-DI, Hospital S. Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal; Jos\u00e9 Manuel Pereira, UCIP Geral, Hospital S Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal; Celeste Dias, UCI Neurocriticos, Hospital Sao Joao, Porto, Portugal; Maria Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Dias, UCIPU, UCIP Urgencia, Hospital De S. Jo\u00e3o, Porto, Portugal; Ana J. Marques, Paula Castel\u00f5es, Ucipolivalente Do Chvngaia, Hospital Santos Silva, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova De Gaia, Vila Nova Gaia, Portugal; Uros Batranovic, Srdjan Gavrilovic, Intensive Care Unit, Institute For Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Republic of Serbia; Daniela Filipescu, Cardiac Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bucharest, Romania; Francisco Alvarez-Lerma, Maria Pilar Gracia, Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Fernando Armestar-Rodriguez, Eduard, Mesalles-Sanju\u00e1n, Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Nerea Lopez De Arbina, Josep Sirvent, Servicio De Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitari De Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain; Pau Garro, UCI General, Hospital General De Granollers, Granollers (Barcelona), Spain; Juan Ram\u00f3n Cort\u00e9s Ca\u00f1ones, Unidad Cuidados Intensivos, Complexo Hospitalario Ourense Cristal Pi\u00f1or, Orense, Spain; Armando Blanco, Lara Marqu\u00e9s, Unidad De Medicna Intensiva I, Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain; Josu Insausti, I\u00f1igo Martija, UCI, Hospital De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Jordi Valles, Ricard Ferrer, Critical Care Center, Hospital Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain; Alejandro Ubeda, Francisco Lucena, Polyvalent ICU, H.U. Valme, Seville, Spain; Maricarmen Gilavert Cuevas, UCI, Hospital Universitario Joan Xxiii-Instituto Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Rafael Zaragoza, Susana Sancho, ICU, Hospital Univ. Dr. Peset, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain. Markus Laube, Madeleine Rothen, Intensivstation, Spitalzentrum, Biel, Switzerland; Philippe Eggimann, Jean-Luc Pagani, Service De M\u00e9decine Intensive Adulte, Chuv, Lausanne, Switzerland; Samia Ayed, Service De Reanimation Medicale, CHU Tahar Sfar, Mahdia, Tunisia; Islem Ouanes, Fekri Abroug, R\u00e9animation Polyvalente, Chu Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia; Dilek \u00d6zcengiz, Reanimation, Cukurova Medical University, Adana, Turkey; Seyhan Ya\u011far, Cardiovascular Surgery, ICU, T\u00fcrkiye Y\u00fcksek Ihtisas Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; S\u00fcheyla \u00dcnver, Yeliz Irem Tun\u00e7el, Anestesia Intensive Care Unit, Ankara Dr Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Onkoloji E. A. Hastanesi, Ankara, Turkey; Unase Buyukkocak, Esra Aykac, Intensive Care Unit and Anaesthesia, Kirikkale University, The School of Medicine Hospital, Kirikkale, Turkey; Ahmet CO\u015eAR, H\u00fcseyin O\u011fuz Yilmaz, Anesteziyoloji Ve Reanimasyon Ad Yb\u00fc, G\u00fclhane Askeri T\u0131p Akademisi, Ankara, Turkey; Arash Pirat, Pinar Zeyneloglu, Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Baskent University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; Nermin Kelebek Girgin, Halis Akal\u0131n, Anaesthesiology and ICU, Uludag University Medical Faculty, Bursa, Turkey; Hulya Sungurtekin, Simay Serin, Anaesthesiology and ICU, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey; I. Ozkan Akinci, Neuro Icu, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey; Tayfun Adanir, Atilla Sencan, Anaesthesiology and ICU, Ataturk Training And Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey; Ahmet Dilek, Mikail Y\u00fcksel Intensive Care Unit, Ondokuz Mayis University, School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey; Ismail KATI, Ugur Goktas, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Yuzuncu Yil University Medical Faculty, Van, Turkey; Ashraf El Houfi, MICU-SICU, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.The EUROBACT Study Investigators (listed by country) are Jeffrey Lipman, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Anne Leditschke, Helen Rodgers, Canberra Hospital Intensive Care Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia; David Milliss, Thomas Gottlieb, Intensive Care Services, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia; Stuart Baker, Brigit Roberts, ICU, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia; Peter Krafft, Silvia Bernreiter, Intensiv 1b, Hospital Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, Austria; Pieter Depuydt, Intensieve Zorg, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Ghent, Belgium; Philippe Jamaer, ICU A3 and C3, Jessa Hospital, Campus Virga Jesse, Hasselt, Belgium; Herv\u00e9 Lebbinck, Iz Az Sint Augustinus Veurne, Veurne, Belgium; Frederico Bruzzi De Carvalho, Juliana Pereira, Centro De Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Mater Dei, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Aline Camille Yehia, Felipe Carrh\u00e1 Machado, Ana Luiza Horta de sa Carneiro, Cti Hospital, Julia Kubitschek, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Antonio Fagundes Jr, Unidade De Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o Do Brasil, Bras\u00edlia, Brazil; Fernando Rodriguez, Cti Geral, Hospital De Cl\u00ednicas Niter\u00f3i, Niter\u00f3i, Brazil; Marcio Soares, Jorge Salluh, Cti, Instituto Nacional De Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Renata Beranger, ICU, S\u00e3o Lucas Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Marcelo Lugarinho, Cti Do Hospital De Cl\u00ednicas Mario Lioni, Hospital De Cl\u00ednicas Mario Lioni, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Alexandre Carvalho, Livia Reis, Uti 1-2-3, Udi Hospital, S\u00e3o Luis, Ma, Brazil; Cyntia de Lima, Uti Cl\u00ednica, Hospital Santa Izabel, Salvador, Brazil; Claudio Piras, Cpc, Vitoria Apart Hospital, Vitoria, Brazil; Eliana Caser, Jansen Falc\u00e3o, Uti Geral Adulto, Centro Integrado De Aten\u00e7a\u00f5 A Sa\u00fade, Cias Unimed Vit\u00f3ria, Vit\u00f3ria, ES, Brazil; Kevin B. Laupland, ICU, Peter Lougheed Centre, Calgary, Canada; Kevin B. Laupland, ICU, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada; Kevin B. Laupland, CVICU, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada; Kevin B. Laupland, ICU, Rockyview General Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada; Zhidan Zhang, Xiaochun Ma, Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Xian Yao Wan, Jiu Zhi Zhang, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Ke-Jian Qian, Liang Xia, Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nan Chang University, Nan Chang, China; Congshan Yang, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Deng Lijing, Central ICU, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Meili Duan, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Tang Zhanhong, Pan Yiping, Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Wang Yongqiang, Luo Ning, ICU, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China; Zhou Li-Xin, LI Jin-Quan, Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Foshan, China; Xian Yao Wan, ICU, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China; Ivan Gornik, Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospiral Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Vesna Degoricija, Medical ICU, University Hospital Sisters of Mercy and University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; Achille Kouatchet, D\u00e9partement De R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale Et M\u00e9decine Hy, Chu Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France; Gaetan Plantefeve, Olivier Pajot, R\u00e9animation Polyvalente, Ch Victor Dupouy, Argenteuil, France; Hatem Kallel, Polyvalent ICU, Andr\u00e9e Rosemon, Cayenne, France; Lherm Thierry, Kalfon Pierre, R\u00e9animation Polyvalente, Louis Pasteur, Chartres, France; David Petitpas, R\u00e9animation polyvalente, Chg Ch\u00e2lons En Champagne, Ch\u00e2lons En Champagne, France; Henry Lessire, R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale, Ch Pasteur, Colmar, France; Christian Brun-Buisson, Tai Pham, R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale, Chu Henri Mondor, Cr\u00e9teil, France; Djillali Annane, Virginie Maxime, R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale, Chu, Garches, France; Herault Marie-Christine, Reanimation Polyvalente Chirurgicale, Chu Michallon, Grenoble, France; Sybille Merceron, Medico-Surgical ICU, Andr\u00e9 Mignot Versailles Hospital Centre, Le Chesnay, France; Eric Kipnis, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, R\u00e9animation Chirurgicale, CHRU De Lille, Lille, France; Benoit Tavernier, Sebastien Faivre, R\u00e9animation Neurochirurgicale, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France; Voillet Francois, Renaud Lepaul Ercole, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hopital North, Marseille, France; Vincent Willems, R\u00e9animation Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier De Meaux, Meaux, France; Kada Klouche, Jean Philippe Delabre, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Lapeyronie University Hospital, Montpellier, France; Cartier Julien, Gleyse Brigitte, Service De R\u00e9animation Polyvalente, Ch De Mont\u00e9limar, Mont\u00e9limar, France; Sebastien Gibot, R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale, Hopital Central, Nancy, France; Bruno M\u00e9garbane, R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale Et Toxicologique, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re, Paris, France; Philippe Seguin, R\u00e9animation Chirurgicale, Chu De Rennes, Rennes, France; Anne Launoy, Service De R\u00e9animation Chirurgicale Hautepierre, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires De Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Tixier Vincent, Medical, Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Samir Jamali, Unit\u00e9 De Soins Intensifs, Centre Hospitalier De Dourdan, Dourdan, France; Silvia Calvino, Alexis Tabah, R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale, Grenoble Teaching Hospital, Grenoble, France; Michel Durand, Marine Rossi-Blancher, Reanimation Cardiovasculaire et Thoracique, Hopital Michallon, Grenoble, France; Alexandre Debrumetz, Elie Azoulay, Service De R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale, CHU Saint Louis, Paris, France; Julien Charpentier, Jean-Daniel Chiche, R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale Polyvalente, Cochin, Paris, France; Mait\u00e9 Garrouste-Orgeas, Benoit Misset, R\u00e9animation Polyvalente, Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France; Gernot Marx, Klinik F\u00fcr Operative Intensivmedizin Und Intermediate Care, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Wolfgang A. Krueger, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinics of Constance, Constance, Germany; Thomas Felbinger, Department of Anaesthesiology, The Munich Municipal Hospitals Ltd., Munich, Germany; Alexandra Heininger, ICU 20-22, Universit\u00e4tsklinik F\u00fcr Anaesthesiologie Und Intensivmedizin, Tuebingen, Germany; Ingo Voigt, Kardiologische Intensivstation, Elisabeth Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany; Torsten Schroeder, Interdisziplin\u00e4re Intensivstation, Karl-Olga Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany; Ioannis Pneumatikos, Vassiliki Theodorou, Critical Care Department, University Hospital of Alexandroupoli, Alexandroupoli, Greece; Despoina Koulenti, Apostolos Armaganidis, 2EUROBACT Investigators Survey. This survey was sent to study participants.Click here for file"}
+{"text": "Recent advances in the management of SJIA considered the induction or maintenance of inactive disease according to the JADAS 10-CRP (J10) or 27-CRP (J27) scoring system [To evaluate the maintenance of efficacy at the level of the individual patient from Week 2 to 12, using the adapted ACR-JIA response criteria (aACR) as well as J10 and J27 on the 12-week pooled data set (3 phase III studies).For this post-hoc analysis of the CAN Phase III program in SJIA, the change in disease states between Day(D) 15 and D85 of a total of 178 CAN-na\u00efve patients was assessed. Subjects were 2\u201319 years of age and had active SJIA at enrollment. This shift analysis considered the aACR response and certain disease activity states as defined using J10 and J27: Inactive Disease (ID), Low Disease Activity (LDA), Moderate Disease Activity (MDA); High Disease Activity (HDA).J10 changes during the study period are provided in Table The D15-D85 aACR shift analyses, including only patients who had a D15 and a D85 value, likewise indicated that the majority of patients maintained or improved their response: NR (n=32): 12.5% of patients improved; aACR30 (n=14): 0.0% were maintained/78.6% improved; aACR50 (n=21): 33.3% were maintained/42.9% improved; aACR70 (n=36): 25.0% were maintained/58.3% improved; aACR90 (n=26): 30.8% were maintained/57.7% improved; aACR100 (n=34): 82.4% were maintained.The great majority of CAN patients either maintained or improved their JADAS status or aACR response level from week 2 to 12. These data confirm the consistent maintenance of efficacy of CAN at the individual level in the first 3 months, irrespective of the measure of response, i.e. aACR criteria or JADAS-derived criteria, and extend previous findings at the study group level.A. Ravelli Grant / Research Support from: Pfizer, Consultant for: Abbvie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Johnson & Johnson, Speaker Bureau of: Abbvie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Johnson & Johnson, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, Pfizer, UCB, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Regeneron, Paid Instructor for: Novartis, Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, Genentech, N. Ruperto Grant / Research Support from: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., , Speaker Bureau of: Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Janssen Biologics B.V.,Roche, Wyeth/Pfizer, P. Quartier Grant / Research Support from: Abbvie, BMS, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, SOBI, Consultant for: Abbvie, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Servier and SOBI, Speaker Bureau of: Chugai-Roche, MEDIMMUNE, Novartis, Pfizer, A. Consolaro Consultant for: Novartis, N. Wulffraat Grant / Research Support from: Abbvie, Roche, Consultant for: Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, K. Lheritier Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, C. Gaillez Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, A. Martini Grant / Research Support from: The Gaslini Hospital, which is the public Hospital where I work as full time employee, has received contributions to support the PRINTO research activities from the following companies: Bristol Myers and Squibb, Centocor Research & Development, GlaxoSmith & Kline,Novartis,Pfizer Inc, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences GmbH, Speaker Bureau of: Abbott, Bristol MyersSquibb, Astellas, Behringer, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Pfizer,Sanofi,Roche, Servier, D. Lovell Grant / Research Support from: National Institutes of Health- NIAMS, Consultant for: Astra-Zeneca, Centocor, Amgen, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Novartis, UBC, Forest Research Institute, Horizon, Johnson & Johnson , Speaker Bureau of: Novartis, Roche."}
+{"text": "AbstractThe free-living marine nematodes of San Juli\u00e1n Bay dataset is based on sediment samples collected in January 2009 during the project PICT AGENCIA-FONCYT 2/33345-2005. A total of 36 samples have been taken at three locations in the San Juli\u00e1n Bay, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina on the coastal littoral at three tidal levels. This presents a unique and important collection for the nematode benthic biodiversity assessment as this area remains one of the least known regions in Patagonia. In total 10,030 specimens of free-living marine nematodes belonging to 2 classes, 9 orders, 35 families, 78 genera and 125 species were collected. The San Juli\u00e1n city site presented a very high species richness. The objectives of the study were to collect, identify and discover the structure and diversity of nematode community of San Juli\u00e1n Bay. The coverage Figure  of this  Enoplea 8%; nine Kingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:NematodaClass:Chromadorea, EnopleaOrder:Monhysterida, Enoplida, Chromadorida, Desmodorida, Araeolaimida, Plectida, Rhabditida, Dorylaimida, TriplonchidaFamily:Xyalidae, Linhomoeidae, Monhysteridae, Microlaimidae, Chromadoridae, Comesomatidae, Leptolaimidae, Oncholaimidae, Oxystominidae, Cyatholaimidae, Desmodoridae, Sphaerolaimidae, Diplopeltidae, Dorylaimidae, Ironidae, Neotonchidae, Thoracostomopsidae, Tripyloididae, Tylenchidae, Aegialoalaimidae, Anoplostomatidae, Aphelenchoididae, Axonolaimidae, Enchelidiidae, Ethmolaimidae.Genera:Odontophora, Hopperia, Laimella, Sabatieria, Campylaimus, Chromadora, Chromadorella, Prochromadora, Dichromadora, Neochromadora, Spilophorella, Marylynnia, Paracanthonchus, Paracyatholaimus, Pomponema, Paraethmolaimus, Gomphionema, Neotonchus, Halichoanolaimus, Molgolaimus, Polysigma, Spirinia, Bolbolaimus, Microlaimus, Desmolaimus, Metalinhomoeus, Terschellingia, Paralinhomoeus, Siphonolaimus, Diplolaimella, Diplolaimelloides, Halomonhystera, Monhystera, Sphaerolaimus, Subsphaerolaimus, Amphimonhystera, Daptonema, Linhystera, Metadesmolaimus, Paramonohystera, Pseudosteineria, Steineria, Theristus, Haliplectus, Cyartonema, Camacolaimus, Deontolaimus, Antomicron, Leptolaimoides, Leptolaimus, Paramicrolaimus, Mesorhabditis, Aphelenchoides, Panagrolaimus, Boleodorus, Tylenchorhynchus, Tylenchus, Dorylaimus, Eudorylaimus, Chaetonema, Thoracostomopsis, Dolicholaimus, Syringolaimus, Halalaimus, Thalassoalaimus, Wieseria, Calyptronema, Adoncholaimus, Oncholaimellus, Viscosia, Oncholaimus, Rhabdocoma, Bathylaimus, Tripyloides, Trichodorus, Pandolaimus.Species with higher occurrences:Paraethmolaimusdahli, Sabatieriamortenseni, Daptonemarectangulatum, Metalinhomoeusparafiliformis, Leptolaimuspuccinelliae, Diplolaimelloidesoschei, Leptolaimussebastiani, Metalinhomoeusgloriae, Thalassomonhysteraparva, Metalinhomoeustypicus, Haliplectussalicornius.PageBreakGeneral spatial coverage: San Juli\u00e1n Bay, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina  were sampled with a PVC syringe  and separated by a distance of 5-10 m each: four for marine nematodes counts, two for organic matter and two for sediment analyses. Each sample was fixed in situ, with a solution of 5% formaldehyde in filtered sea water with the addition of Rose Bengal tint.PageBreaktifying only organisms passing through a 500 \u00b5m mesh and then retained by a 63 \u00b5m mesh. Samples were evaporated to anhydrous glycerol and permanent slides made  method at a specific gravity of 1.15, quandes made .The taxonomic classification followed proposed by Project title: \u201cEvaluaci\u00f3n del impacto urbano en costas areno-limosas de la provincia de Santa Cruz, usando m\u00e9todos r\u00e1pidos de an\u00e1lisis de cambios en estructura comunitaria del bentos.\u201d .Personnel: Catalina Pastor de Ward ; H\u00e9ctor Zaixso , Virginia Lo Russo , Gabriela Villares , Viviana Milano , Lidia Miyashiro (Darwin core data input), Renato Mazzanti .Funding: PICT AGENCIA-FONCYT 2/33345-2005Study extent description: The San Juli\u00e1n Bay marine nematodes is a dataset that gives new insights on the taxonomic and geographic distribution of south Atlantic marine nematodes, covering an under-explored region of the southern Atlantic coasts. This is the first study on marine nematodes in this locality. This dataset presents species occurrences and species richness of the individual free-living marine nematodes present at three coastal areas  of the San Juli\u00e1n Bay at three different tidal levels .In total 10,030 specimens of free-living marine nematodes belonging to 2 classes, 9 orders, 35 families, 78 genera and 125 species were collected.PageBreakPageBreakPageBreakQuality control description: The geo-referencing of all specimens were recorded using a Garmin eTrex Legend GPS (WGS84 Datum) with an accuracy of less than 10 m and with at least 5 satellites.http://www.gbif.es/darwin_test/Darwin_Test_in.php).The taxonomic identification of specimens, scientific names, and their current accurate spelling were verified by C. Pastor de Ward, a free-living marine nematode specialist. Other post-validation procedures  were checked using the Darwin Test software Character encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0Distribution:http://www.cenpat-conicet.gov.ar:8080/ipt-2.0.3/resource.do?r=sjnemPublication date of data: 2013-10-17Language: EnglishLicenses of use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC0 1.0 License http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcodeObject name: Centro Nacional Patag\u00f3nico (CENPAT-CONICET)Distribution:http://www.cenpat-conicet.gov.ar:8080/ipt-2.0.3/resource.do?r=sjnemObject name: Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Argentina Distribution: GBIF: http://www.gbif.org/dataset/06df03fc-8973-490c-af74-089fffae9e24Formatted: English (U.K.)Field Code ChangedMetadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 2013-10-17Hierarchy level: DatasetPageBreak"}
+{"text": "Emphysematous cystitis and emphysematous pyelitis: a clinically misleading association. Mustapha Ahsaini, Amadou Kassogue, Mohammed Fadl Tazi, Anas Zaougui, Jalal Edine Elammari, Abdelhak Khallouk, Mohammed Jamal El Fassi, My Hassan Farih. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2013;16:18. (doi:10.11604/pamj.2013.16.18.2505).This retracts article  Emphysematous cystitis and emphysematous pyelitis: a clinically misleading association(doi:10.11604/pamj.2013.16.18.2505) by Mustapha Ahsaini, Amadou Kassogue, Mohammed Fadl Tazi, Anas Zaougui, Jalal Edine Elammari, Abdelhak Khallouk, Mohammed Jamal El Fassi and My Hassan Farih of the Department of Urology, University Hospital, Center Hassan II, Fes, Morocco [We hereby inform to our readership of the retraction of the article"}
+{"text": "To date there are no head-to-head trials comparing the efficacy of biologic treatments for polyarticular-course JIA (pcJIA).To use statistical methods to estimate the relative efficacy of biologic treatments, alone and in combination with methotrexate (MTX), in the management of pcJIA by means of indirect comparison of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Based on a literature review, we identified RCTs of abatacept, adalimumab (ADA), etanercept, infliximab and tocilizumab (TCZ) in pcJIA. Comparative effectiveness was estimated on the reported American College of Rheumatology response rates (JIA ACR30/50/70/90) measured at the end of the randomised, double-blind phase by means of a Bayesian indirect comparison using a fixed-effects ordered probit model. Probabilities of achieving different levels of JIA ACR response were calculated for biologic treatments and placebo using all observed comparisons.The 5 RCTs identified showed differences in reporting JIA ACR responses with regard to methods of non-responder imputation during the blinded, controlled phase, allowing only for the comparison of ADA and TCZ. In the base-case analysis, for a JIA ACR30 placebo response of 31%, TCZ monotherapy had a higher predicted probability of JIA ACR30 (62%), JIA ACR50 (59%), JIA ACR70 (54%) and JIA ACR90 (35%) response than ADA monotherapy . On MTX background therapy and a JIA ACR30 placebo response of 53%, ADA had a higher expected probability of response at JIA ACR30 (76%), JIA ACR50 (75%), JIA ACR70 (66%) and JIA ACR90 (49%) than TCZ . In neither monotherapy nor combination therapy did differences between TCZ and ADA reach statistical significance. Differences in the study populations, including previous use of biologics, were explored with sensitivity analysis.Based on JIA ACR response rates from this analysis, the expected efficacy of ADA vs TCZ appears comparable in pcJIA. These data should be interpreted in the context of differences in the duration of the withdrawal phase, which was shorter in the TCZ study (CHERISH) than in the ADA trial and might have resulted in a smaller difference in the number of flares observed between placebo and TCZ. Differences in previous exposure to biologics might also have affected the results.L. Sawyer Consultant for: F. Hoffmann-La Roche, A. Diamantopoulos Consultant for: F. Hoffmann-La Roche, H. I. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, MedImmune, EMD Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Janssen, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, F. De Benedetti Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, Pfizer, BMS, Roche, Novimmune, Novartis, SOBI, N. Ruperto Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, MerckSerono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, MerckSerono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, Boehringer, BMS, Novartis, Astellas, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, Pfizer, Roche, F. Dejonckheere Employee of: F. Hoffmann-La Roche, C. Keane Employee of: Roche."}
+{"text": "AbstractBraconidae is revised, based in large part on the collections of the National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh, and the Natural History Museum, London. Distribution records are provided at the country level together with extensive synonymy and bibliography.The checklist of British and Irish Dyscritussuffolciensis Morley, 1933 = Syntretussplendidus  syn. nov.)Of the 1,338 species regarded as valid, presumed native and certainly identified, 83 are here recorded for the first time from the British Isles. One new synonym is established ( Braconidae is one of two families of the superfamily Ichneumonoidea, along with the Ichneumonidae. Given the size of each family in Britain  we are publishing the two checklists separately. This is one part of a series of papers revising the British and Irish list of Hymenoptera, that started with Hymenoptera checklists see Fauna Europaea and Taxapad  or identification in the British Isles uncertainmisident. has been misidentified as this namenomen dubium, a name of doubtful statusnom. dub. nomen oblitum, \u2018forgotten name\u2019, does not have priority over a younger namenom. ob. nomen novum, a replacement namenom. nov. nomen nudum, an unavailable name, with no type specimennom. nud. preocc. name preoccupied (junior homonym)status revocatus, revived status stat. rev. unavailable name unavailable under provisions of the ICZN codevar. variety, only available as a valid name under certain provisions of the ICZN codeHymenoptera of the British Isles.Word document and spreadsheet versions of the checklist are available in the supplementary materials. Future updates to the British and Irish list will be incorporated in an online version of the checklist at Haliday, 1833Agathis and \u2018Bassus\u2019 species (i.e. including Lytopylus and Therophilus), distribution and synonymic data from Except for Nees, 1814BASSINI Nees, 1812 invalidEUMICRODINI F\u00f6rster, 1863BASSINI F\u00f6rster, 1869 preocc.MICRODINI Ashmead, 1900MESOCOELINI Viereck, 1918ANEUROBRACONINI Fahringer, 1936EARININI Sharkey, 1992Latreille, 1804AENIGMOSTOMUS Ashmead, 1900METRIOSOMA Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1902BAEOGNATHA Kokujev, 1903 synonymy by Achterberg (2011)LISSAGATHIS Cameron, 1911RHAMPHAGATHIS Tobias, 1962Distribution and synonymic data from Agathis excluded from the British and Irish list:Species of malvacearum Latreille, 1805; syn. panzeri ; metzneriae Muesebeck, 1967] Listed by varipes. Listed as a \u2018species inquirendae\u2019 by Bassus by Therophilus by  Listed by  T. Munk (pers. comm.) regarded this as an unidentified species; the type has been destroyed. Listed as British by  Included as a British species by  There have been no references to this species other than catalogue listings    suppressed   Haliday, 1834Haliday, 1834infirmusBracon) Marshall, 1896berberidis Smith, 1944England, WalesHaliday, 1834arundinis Haliday, 1834cirsii Haliday, 1834 preocc.phorodontis Ashmead, 1889chrysanthemi Marshall, 1896lychnidis Marshall, 1896polygoni Marshall, 1896affinis Quilis, 1931baudysi Quilis, 1931discrytus Quilis, 1931merceti Quilis, 1931obscuriformis Quilis, 1931valentinus Quilis, 1931renominatus Hincks, 1943nigriteleus Smith, 1944England, Wales, IrelandPennacchio & Tremblay, 1987England, WalesAdded by de Stefani-Perez, 1902equiseticola Star\u00fd, 1963poacearum Star\u00fd, 1963EnglandHaliday, 1834ribaphidisLysiphlebus)  nom. ob.  nom. ob. Euaphidiussetiger Mackauer, 1961aceri Ivanov, 1925Walesadded by Baker and Broad (2009)Marshall, 1896England, WalesMackauer, 1962tanaceti Curtis, 1837 nom. nud.tanaceticola Star\u00fd, 1963tanacetarius as the valid name for tanaceti, which is a nomen nudum. This species has not been listed as British since its original description Aphidiusuzbekistanicusbeltrani Quilis, 1931 ?Aphidiusuzbekistanicusindivisus Quilis, 1931 ?Aphidiusuzbekistanicusmacropterus Quilis, 1931 ?Aphidiusuzbekistanicuspailloti Quilis, 1931 ?impressus Mackauer, 1965EnglandAphidiusbeltrani is a possible senior synonym of uzbekistanicus Trioxyscompressicornis Ruthe, 1859testaceusTrioxys) , Misaphidus Rondani, 1848 s.l. ) is a nomen oblitum according to Article 23.9 of ICZN.In Aphidiusacalephae Marshall, 1896rietscheliTrioxys)  Aphidiusangelicae Haliday, 1833placidusTrioxys)        nom. nud.  Aphidiusbrevicornis Haliday, 1833minutusAphidius) Aphidiuscentaureae Haliday, 1833crudelisMisaphidus)  Aphidiusheraclei Haliday, 1833obsoletusAphidius)  Aphidiusletifer Haliday, 1833IrelandStar\u00fd, 1960Aphidiusephippium Haliday, 1834England, IrelandStar\u00fd, 1960Aphidiusrapae McIntosh, 1855vulgarisAphidius)  preocc.  nom. nud.     nom. nud.  Aphidiusleucopterus Haliday, 1834exspectatusAphidius)   Bracondissolutus Nees, 1811macrocornis Mackauer, 1960EnglandStar\u00fd, 1975APHIDARIA Provancher, 1888 preocc.Tremblay & Eady, 1978England, Walesambiguus sensu Mackauer and Star\u00fd nec Haliday, later described by confusus, the true ambiguus belonging in Adialytus.Added here on the basis of specimens in BMNH, identified by R.D. Eady as Aphidiusfabarum Marshall, 1896aphidiperdaMisaphidus)     preocc.   Haliday, 1833Mackauer, 1961Aphidiuspseudoplatani Marshall, 1896England, WalesHaliday, 1833Aphidiuscaricis Haliday, 1833England, WalesAphidiuscerasi Marshall, 1896EnglandAphidiuscrepidis Haliday, 1834tuberculatusAphidius) Aphidiusnervosus Haliday, 1833paulensisAphidius) Aphidiusenervis Nees, 1834mandibularisMyrmecobosca)   excluded from the British and Irish list:species of silvestris ] added by  A Nearctic species, listed by  Seems to have been recorded in error by  Listed as a doubtfully British species in  The only record was due to a misidentification of Pseudovipioguttiventris Braconbarypus Marshall, 1885hungaricus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901caucasicus Telenga, 1936apti Gy\u00f6rfi, 1953EnglandSee Fabricius, 1804Bracon are lacking for all but a few species groups. Published works differ substantially in their treatments of valid species, synonyms and subgeneric placements polonicus Fahringer, 1927; synonymy by Papp (2008a)pallidalatus Tobias, 1957England, ScotlandNMS, det. Papp, added hereNees, 1834EnglandNees, 1834carinatus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901marshalli Vayssi\u00e8re, 1902 preocc.glabratus Fahringer, 1927apionis Strand, 1928sylvanus Greese, 1928kiritshenkoi Telenga, 1936England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManNees, 1834laetusBraco); synonymy by intercessor Bracolongicollis Wesmael, 1838fraudator Marshall, 1885brevicauda Thomson, 1892 preocc.crassicauda Thomson, 1892pseudowesmaeli Strand, 1928wesmaeli Fahringer, 1927 preocc.England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Manspme distribution data from Papp (1999c)Spinola, 1808nigripedator Nees, 1834filicauda Costa, 1888hypopygialis Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901intermedius Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901pilosulus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901Englandadded by Braconigratus Wesmael, 1838England, IrelandBracopectoralis Wesmael, 1838ochrosus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1896sulphurator Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1896unicolor Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1896fumigatus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901; synonymy by Papp (2008a)EnglandSz\u00e9pligeti, 1901depressiusculus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901neglectus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1904spurnensis Hincks, 1951England, Scotland, Walesrugulosus Sz\u00e9pligeti is preoccupied by Braconrugulosus Nees, 1811 . Omitted by According to Taxapad , rugulosBracoscutellaris Wesmael, 1838England, Scotland, IrelandSchmiedeknecht, 1897Englandadded by Papp (1999a)Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901sulcatulus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1896subglaber Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901quinquemaculatus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901trypetanus Fahringer, 1927; synonymy by Papp (2008a)tauricus Telenga, 1936Englandadded by Papp (2008a)Marshall, 1888minutator misident.bilineatus Thomson, 1892hilaris Marshall, 1897pannonicus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901marshalli Telenga, 1936 preocc.Englandminutator . Both species are present in the BMNH and NMS collections, det. Papp and van Achterberg.BMNH, NMS, added here; previously confused under Spinola, 1808melanosoma Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901micros Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901nanulus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901lineatellaeHabrobracon); synonymy by Papp (2008b)  excluded from the British and Irish list:Species of coniferarum Fahringer, 1928] Should not have been listed by  England and Ireland are listed under the distribution in Coeloides but Bracon (Lucobracon). Swiss specimens identified as strobilorum by Papp in NMS and BMNH belong in Bracon. Probably not a valid British or Irish species now that B. (Lucobracon) erythrostictus has been taken out of synonymy Bracodiscoideus Wesmael, 1838opionus Fahringer, 1928sculpturatus Fahringer, 1928sculpturifera Strand, 1928England, Scotland, IrelandMarshall, 1885pallidipes Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1896; synonymy by Papp (2008a)melanogaster Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901England, Scotland, Wales, Irelandsome distribution data from Papp (1999c)Nees, 1834satanasBraco) Bracoroberti Wesmael, 1838England, IrelandFahringer, 1927England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandNMS, det. Papp, added hereBracosubcylindricus Wesmael, 1838nigerBaryproctus) Bracotitubans Wesmael, 1838tarsator Thomson, 1892terebrator Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901EnglandNMS, BMNH, det. Papp, added hereMarshall, 1897lineifer van Achterberg, 1988; synonymy by Papp (1999c)England, Scotlandsome distribution data from Shaw and Bailey (1991)Papp, 2008Nees, 1811bisignatusBraco) Bracopiger Wesmael, 1838rotundatus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1901; synonymy by Papp (2008a)rotundulus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1904England, IrelandBraconsemiluteus Walker, 1874 is not a synonym of piger .Pigeriawolschrijni van Achterberg, 1985WalesNMS, det. van Achterberg, added hereTobias, 1957Bracon (Rostrobracon) excluded from the British and Irish list:species of urinator ; syn. cuspidator ; comptus Marshall, 1897]  not British, recorded in error Promachusaartseni van Achterberg, 1994Englandadded by Shaw (1999)Braconanalis Nees, 1834flavifrons Haliday, 1840cephalotesOpius) preocc.  Ichneumonsecalis Linnaeus, 1758agricolatorIchneumon)       ?England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Manbrevicauda as a \u2018form\u2019 of cruentatus, the possibility of a separate species requires investigation.Although Ichneumonextensor Linnaeus, 1758gracilisEubadizon)   Distribution and synonymic data taken from Ascogster excluded from the British and Irish list:Species of bicarinata ; syn. mlokossewitschi Kokujev, 1895; syn. rufiventris Telenga, 1941; preocc.] Included by [similis ] The type is lost and the species is unplaceable  Prior to van Achterberg\u2019s Chelonusdentatus Panzer, 1805dentatorSigalphus) EnglandSigalphusrufescens Latreille, 1809 as a junior synonym of dentata but this is now considered to be a separate species, not occurring in Britain or Ireland flavitestacea Fischer, 1939; synonymy by Achterberg (1990)caboverdensis Hedqvist,1965EnglandPhanerotomarjabovi Vojnovskaja-Krieger, 1929 and media Shestakov, 1930, synonymised under leucobasis by fracta Kokujev, 1903 SZEPLIGETIA Schulz, 1911; synonymy by Achterberg (1990)TRITOMIOS Strand, 1921; synonymy by Achterberg (1990)UNICA \u0160nofl\u00e1k, 1951Lyle, 1924gregori \u0160nofl\u00e1k, 1951EnglandChelonustritomus Marshall, 1898antennalis \u0160nofl\u00e1k, 1951; synonymy by Achterberg (1990)England, Wales, IrelandF\u00f6rster, 1863Tribal classification follows F\u00f6rster, 1863Wesmael, 1838EURYBOLUS Ratzeburg, 1848CAENOPACHYS F\u00f6rster, 1863Caenopachys should be treated as a separate genus, Caenopachys\u2019 species (including hartigii in Britain) are nested within Dendrosoter.Although Braconhartigii Ratzeburg, 1848flaviventris F\u00f6rster, 1878caenopachoides Ruschka, 1925; synonymy by Gebiola et al. (2015)hartigi misspellingEnglandBraconmiddendorffi Ratzeburg, 1848schimitscheki Fahringer, 1941EnglandNMS, det. Shaw, added in Fauna EuropaeaBraconprotuberans Nees, 1834insignis F\u00f6rster, 1878EnglandHaliday, 1836ISCHIOGONUS Wesmael, 1838Neodoryctes Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1914UDAMOLCUS Enderlein, 1920PRISTODORYCTES Kieffer, 1921Paradoryctes Granger, 1949PLYCTES Fischer, 1970Reinhard, 1865EnglandBraconleucogaster Nees, 1834#Probably occurred only in imported timber. Its British status appears to depend solely on specimens reared in July 1908 from Austrian oak imported to a timber yard near Millwall docks .Braconobliteratus Nees, 1834mutillator misident.tabidusRogas) Braconstriatellus Nees, 1834maculipes Curtis, 1837 nom. nud.disparatorBracon) Braconundulatus Ratzeburg, 1852EnglandHedqvist, 1974Dendrosotinus Telenga, 1941 by Removed from synonymy with Dendrosotinussimilis Bou\u010dek, 1955Englandadded by Shaw (1998)Cameron, 1900DORYCTODES Hell\u00e9n, 1927Ontsira as monophyletic and consequently some authors Clinocentrusanticus Wollaston, 1858gallicaDoryctes)    Braconigneus Ratzeburg, 1852EnglandNMS, det. Shaw and van Achterberg, added hereRogasimperator Haliday, 1836zonataIschiogonus)      Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1900Wachsmannia under Ontsira but van Wachsmannia under Hypodoryctes Kokujev, 1900. Van Achterberg (pers. comm. and in Fauna Europaea) now regards Wachsmannia as a separate genus again.Braconspathiiformis Ratzeburg, 1848maculipennis Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1900; synonymy by Achterberg (1995)obliteratus misident.EnglandHell\u00e9n, 1957F\u00f6rster, 1863TERENUSA Marshall, 1885PARAECPHYLUS Ashmead, 1900SACTOPUS Ashmead, 1900silesiacus by Other species are treated as synonyms of Braconeccoptogastri Ratzeburg, 1848Braconhylesini Ratzeburg, 1852EnglandNMS, det. Shaw and van Achterberg, added in Fauna EuropaeaHedqvist, 1967England, ScotlandNMS, det. Shaw and van Achterberg, added in Fauna EuropaeaBraconsilesiacus Ratzeburg, 1848minutissimusBracon) preocc. . Listed in eccoptogastri.NMS, det. Shaw and van Achterberg, added in Fauna Europaea; F\u00f6rster, 1863Curtis, 1834ANISOPELMA Wesmael, 1838Curtis, 1834belgicusAnisopelma) ; minimus ; utilis ; doderoi ; lavagnei Picard, 1913; atis Nixon, 1943] Seems to have been included on the British list only on the basis of specimens emerging from Oak (Quercus) timber imported from the USA  misident.] Excluded by  Not included in  Listed by Peristenus or Leiophron, by Leiophron and by van Achterberg ; syn. brevicornis  preocc.] According to brevicornis (Ruthe) is lost and the species cannot be identified with certainty. Recorded as British by Peristenus (=Leiophron according to Belokobylskij).[mitis ] According to van Achterberg Leiophronaccinctus Haliday, 1835laeviventrisMicroctonus)   preocc.Leiophronantennalis Hincks, 1943picipesLeiophron) preocc. . Preoccupied by Leiophronantennalis Watanabe, 1937 (now classified in Centistes (Ancylocentrus)).Added by Euphorusfacialis Thomson, 1892fascialis misspellingmicrocerusEuphorus) Euphorusgrandiceps Thomson, 1892England, Irelandorchesiae by Not listed by Loan, 1976Scotlanddistribution data from Loan (1976)Leiophronnitidus Curtis, 1833EnglandLeiophronorchesiae Curtis, 1833rufibarbisLeiophron) Leiophronorthotyli Richards, 1967EnglandLeiophronpallipes Curtis, 1833barbigerMicroctonus)  preocc.Perilituspallipes Herrich-Sch\u00e4ffer, 1838mellipesEuphorus)    Leiophronpicipes Curtis, 1833coactusEuphorus) Helorimorphahungaricus Kiss, 1927chrysopimaginis Goidanich, 1948elegans Tobias, 1961Englandadded by Shaw (1996a)F\u00f6rster, 1863Euphoruspetiolatus Wollaston, 1858pendula F\u00f6rster, 1863cremasta Marshall, 1872americana Myers, 1917asiatica Shestakov, 1932EnglandChen & van Achterberg, 1997LOXOCEPHALINI Shaw, 1985 invalidMarshall, 1897LOXOCEPHALUS F\u00f6rster, 1863 preocc.SPILOMMA Morley, 1909Microctonusboops Wesmael, 1835longipesLoxocephalus)    Haliday, 1838ECCLITES F\u00f6rster, 1863SIXIA Vollenhoven, 1867; synonymy by Achterberg (1997)Elasmosomaaucta Thomson, 1895halidaii Marshall, 1897bistigmaticusEuphorus)  but as Microctonus was raised to generic rank by Microctonus. Synonymy follows Perilitusaciculatus Haeselbarth, 2008Irelandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Nees, 1834spurius Ruthe, 1856Microctonusaethiopsbrevispina  ?aethiopoides Loan, 1975England, IrelandPerilitusalticae Haeselbarth, 2008Englandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilitusaphthonae Haeselbarth, 2008England, Irelandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Loan, 1974Perilitusareolatus Thomson, 1892EnglandPerilitusbelokobylskiji Haeselbarth, 2008Irelandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilitusbrassicae Haeselbarth, 2008Englandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilitusbrevicollis Haliday, 1835England, IrelandPerilituscerealium Haliday, 1835secalisPerilitus) unavailable Perilitusconsuetor Nees, 1834Scotlandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilitusdebilis Wollaston, 1858Microctonusdebilisgracilipes  ?Irelandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilitusfagi Haeselbarth, 2008England, IrelandAdded by Perilitusfittkaui Haeselbarth, 2008Englandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilitusflaviventris Thomson, 1892areolatusPerilitus) Perilitushaszprunari Haeselbarth, 2008Irelandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)\u010capek & Star\u00fd, 1995Englandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Ruthe, 1856England, Scotland, Irelandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Ruthe, 1856EnglandPerilitusperforatus Haeselbarth, 2008Englandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilituspodargae Haeselbarth, 2008Englandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Ruthe, 1856lancearius Ruthe, 1856caudatusPerilitus) Perilitussilvularis Haeselbarth, 2008Scotland, Irelandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilitusstenocari Haeselbarth, 2008Scotlandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilitusstrophosomi Haeselbarth, 2008Scotland, Irelandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Perilitusthyellae Haeselbarth, 2008England, Scotlandadded by Haeselbarth (2008)Nees, 1818Perilitus excluded from the British and Irish list:species of falciger ]  Not listed as British or Irish by  Included in Huddleston\u2019s     Meteoruscaligatus Haliday, 1835neesiiMeteorus)   Braconchlorophthalmus Spinola, 1808chrysophthalmusBracon) ; synonymy by Stigenberg and Ronquist (2011)    Perilitusdeceptor Wesmael, 1835pallitarsisPerilitus)        , Cotesia, Deuterixys, Diolcogaster, Hygroplitis, Microgaster, Microplitis, Paroplitis and Protapanteles . Some distribution data taken from The generic classification of  Nixon\u2019s  assignmeerberg\u2019s  recent gViereck, 1918F\u00f6rster, 1863UROGASTER Ashmead, 1898XESTAPANTELES Cameron, 1910ALLAPANTELES Br\u00e8thes, 1915AREOLATUS Rao & Chalikwar, 1976 unavailablemetacarpalis group, here largely apportioned between Apanteles and Dolichogenidea following The generic placement of several species treated by Apanteles excluded from the British and Irish list:species of anomalon ] This name appeared in [nigripes ] This name appeared in [picipes ] A.xanthostigma, but there is no mention there of picipes. It is presumed that the name picipes is a synonym or a nomen dubium; it is not listed as a valid species by  Listed as a British species by  Listed as a British species by [ensiformis ] Listed as a British species by Napamusvipio). Listed as a British species by [impura ] Notwithstanding  Mistakenly listed as a British species by Lepidoptera-parasitoid asscociations, whereas their listings also included non-British rearings from hosts that occur in Britain. vipio, who does not mention Britain. Apantelesvipio was transferred from Illidops by  Not a British or Irish species. Marshall\u2019s description was based on unprovenanced material reared from a host that, on inspection by MRS, is almost certainly not British. The current synonymy is also in doubt. Although listed as a British species by various authors we can find no evidence that it has occurred here.[saltator  preocc.] Appeared in tenebrosa under saltator. No evidence that this is a British or Irish species. Listed as a British species by  Both of these species were mistakenly listed by  Listed as doubtfully British by  Listed as a British species by  British specimens, misidentified as fischeri by raschkiellae. Listed as doubtfully British by  Recorded as British by Microgaster species in the modern sense. Papp\u2019s Thomson, 1895England, ScotlandShaw, 2012Scotlandadded by Shaw (2012)Nixon, 1968EnglandRuthe, 1860EnglandNixon, 1968Englandadded by Shaw (2012)Thomson, 1895striatoscutellaris Kiss, 1927England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManIchneumonglobatus Linnaeus, 1758laeviscuta Thomson, 1895gossypinaIchneumon)  England, Scotlandlaeviscuta has been included as a junior synonym of hospes in Fauna Europaea, with globata not referred to. globata as perceived by Some distribution data from Marshall, 1885comptanae Viereck, 1911England, Scotland, WalesHaliday, 1834curvicrus Thomson, 1895; synonymy by Achterberg (1997)England, Scotland, WalesHaliday, 1834spinolae Haliday, 1834 preocc.; synonymy by Achterberg (1997)alexis Haliday, 1834 nom. nud.grandis Thomson, 1895; synonymy by Achterberg (1997)contubernalis Marshall, 1898England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManHaliday, 1834tibialis Nees, 1834 preocc.; synonymy by Achterberg (1997)vulgaris Ruthe, 1860pluto Morley, 1936England, Scotland, Wales, Irelandtibialis probably do not belong here Some Ruthe names traditionally regarded as synonyms of Nees, 1834nigricans as a British species and A species of doubtful status. Shaw, 2004England, Walesadded by Shaw (2004)Marshall, 1885swammerdamiae Muesebeck, 1922England, ScotlandNixon, 1968IrelandMuesebeck, 1922EnglandThomson, 1895England, ScotlandMarshall, 1885carinata Bengtsson, 1926 preocc.bengtssoni Fahringer, 1937England, Scotland, IrelandRuthe, 1860intermedia Ivanov, 1899IrelandShaw, 2012fischeri misident.England, Scotland, Walesadded by Shaw (2012)Ruthe, 1858confusa Papp, 1971England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of ManNees, 1834annulipes Curtis, 1830carinata Packard, 1881England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManMason, 1981Microgasterwesmaeli Ruthe, 1860picipesMicrogaster) preocc. Microgasterfalcatus Nees, 1834equestrisMicrogaster)  Microgasteraduncus Ruthe, 1860brachycerusMicrogaster) Ichneumondeprimator Fabricius, 1798ingratusMicrogaster); synonymy by Achterberg (1997)    Microgasterflavipalpis Brull\u00e9, 1832ruricola Lyle, 1918EnglandNixon, 1970England, Scotlandsemicircularis  (type destroyed) may be a senior synonym.Microgasterfulvicornis Wesmael, 1837calcarata misident.pallidicornis Marshall, 1898England, WalesMicrogasterimpressus Wesmael, 1837sispes Nixon, 1970Englandadded by Shaw (2012)Microgasterlugubris Ruthe, 1860borealis Marshall, 1885coracinusMicrogaster) Microgastermalimba Papp, 1984trochanterata misidentEnglandtrochanterata  is actually referable to malimbus Microgastermediator Haliday, 1834medianusMicrogaster) Microgastermoestus Ratzeburg, 1852Nixon, 1970EnglandMicrogasterocellatae Bouch\u00e9, 1834canaliculatusMicrogaster) Nixon, 1970Microplitissofronstigmaticus  ?England, Scotland, Irelandstigmaticus may be a senior synonym.Microgasterspectabilis Haliday, 1834fossulatusMicrogaster)  ?seuratii Marshall, 1898testaceipesDapsilotoma) Microgasterspinolae Nees, 1834sapporoensis Ashmead, 1906radiorimatus Telenga, 1955Microplitisspinolaequadridentatus  ?EnglandReinhard, 1880gracilisMicrogaster) preocc. Microgastertristis Nees, 1834dolens Marshall, 1885England, Scotland, WalesMicrogastertuberculatus Bouch\u00e9, 1834fumipennisMicrogaster) Microgastertuberculifer Wesmael, 1837calcaratusMicrogaster)  Microgasterviduus Ruthe, 1860EnglandMicrogasterxanthopus Ruthe, 1860tenuipesMicrogaster) . This relationship was originally suggested by Ratzeburg, 1848SIMILEARINUS Glowacki & Karpi\u0144ski, 1967Nomenclature follows Ratzeburg, 1848dioryctriae Rohwer, 1920Englandadded by Shaw (1992a)Viereck, 1918Haliday, 1833CENTISTIDEA Rohwer, 1914There are also several unrecognised species in Britain.Haliday, 1833spartii Haliday, 1835dryochares Marshall, 1898nanivorae Fischer, 1957England, Scotlandsome distribution data from Blanchard, 1845Opiinae (in prep.), which are followed here. Some changes to the generic classification have been published by Opiinae, except perhaps Ademonini (for the genus Ademon), with all the other genera in Opiini; van Achterberg (in prep.) does not recognise Ademonini. Some distribution data from The generic and tribal classification of opiines has been largely chaotic . In FaunHaliday, 1833GIARDINAIA de Stefani-Perez, 1902ANALOSTANIA Viereck, 1916Bracondecrescens Nees, 1811mutuatorBracon) Opiusaemulus Haliday, 1836melbaOpius) Opiuscurvatus Fischer, 1957England, Scotlandadded by Godfray (1986)Opiusirregularis Wesmael, 1835bipustulataOpius) Opiusocellatus Wesmael, 1835areolarisOpius)   Opiusposticatae Fischer, 1957seebensteinensisOpius)   Opiusrufipes Wesmael, 1835taeniata F\u00f6rster, 1863taeniataOpius) preocc. Opiussaevus Haliday, 1837England, ScotlandOpiussaevulus Fischer, 1958EnglandOpiussimilis Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1898xylosteiOpius)        ; synonymy by van Achterberg (in prep.) Opiusvictus Haliday, 1837tarniOpius)  formally synonymised Compressaria and pugnatrix. Compressariapugnatrix as a species of Rogadinae.Although F\u00f6rster, 1863pugnatrixMesocrina) ; synonymy by van Achterberg (in prep.) Opiusbajulus Haliday, 1837beieriSternaulopius); synonymy by Wharton (2006) Opiusanalis Wesmael, 1835colorativentrisOpius) Opiusarenarius Stelfox, 1959IrelandWesmael, 1835vagatorStenospilus) Braconcarbonarius Nees, 1834impressusOpius)  ; synonymy by Achterberg (2014) Opiushaemorrhoeus Haliday, 1837castaneiventrisOpius) Opiusmagnicornis Wesmael, 1835England, IrelandOpiusmicans Stelfox, 1957nitidusOpius) preocc. Opiusplacidus Haliday, 1837melanocerusOpius)  Opiusrusticus Haliday, 1837England, Scotland, IrelandOpiusscabriculus Wesmael, 1835IrelandOpiusspinaciae Thomson, 1895pegomyiaeOpius)  Opiussylvaticus Haliday, 1837clypealisOpius) Opiuswesmaelii Haliday, 1837carbonariusOpius) preocc.   preocc.  Opiusrugosus Wesmael, 1838rugiventrisOpius); synonymy by Achterberg (2014) Opiusblandus Haliday, 1837England, IrelandF\u00f6rster, 1863Opius.Regarded by Wharton  as a junOpiusparvulus Wesmael, 1835nudiscutumOpius)   Opiuscaffer Wesmael, 1835stygiumLytacra) Opiuscephalotes Wesmael, 1835EnglandOpiusfulgidus Haliday, 1837England, IrelandF\u00f6rster, 1863F\u00f6rster, 1863Opiusabnormis Wesmael, 1835England, IrelandOpiusparadoxus Ratzeburg, 1848, sometimes treated as a valid name (synonymous with abnormis) should be regarded as invalid as it was first proposed as a synonym of abnormis; According to Fischer, 2006EnglandEurytenes .Added by Fischer, 1986Stigmatopoea has been treated as a synonym of Xynobius by macrocerus, has been regarded as a species of Eurytenes, a genus which was ignored by Xynobius and Stigmatopoea are treated as subgenera of Eurytenes, following Stigmatopoea with Xynobius.The generic name Opiusmacrocerus Thomson, 1895hiansOpius) Opiusaciculatus Thomson, 1895tenuicornisOpius); synonymy by van Achterberg (in prep.) Opiusaemuloides Fischer, 1958EnglandOpiuscaelatus Haliday, 1837isomeraAclisis) Opiuscomatus Wesmael, 1835sulciferDapsilarthra) Opiusgeniculatus Thomson, 1895albicoxisOpius) Opiusholconotus Fischer, 1958EnglandWesmael, 1835addendus Fischer, 1959turcmenicus Fischer, 1959England, IrelandOpiuspolyzonius Wesmael, 1835England, ScotlandDiachasmasilenis Fischer, 1967WalesDescribed from Welsh material  but omitOpiusthomsoni Fischer, 1971annulicornisOpius) preocc. Opiusrudis Wesmael, 1835carinaticeps Gahan, 1917England, IrelandFischer, 1972Phaedrotoma by Raised from synonymy with Opiuspactus Haliday, 1837England, IrelandFischer, 1972SNOFLAKOPIUS Fischer, 1972JUCUNDOPIUS Fischer, 1984OETZALOTENES Fischer, 1998OPIOTENES Fischer, 1998Opius by Raised from synonymy with Opiusaureliae Fischer, 1957England, Scotlandadded by Godfray and Achterberg (2015)Opiuscampanariae Fischer, 1959Scotlandadded by Godfray and Achterberg (2015)Opiusgriffithsi Fischer, 1962EnglandOpiusleptostigma Wesmael, 1835percontatorOpius) longipes Fischer, 1957phytomyzae Fischer, 1957England, Scotland, IrelandThomson, 1895mutus Fischer, 1964gyoerfii Fischer, 1958; synonymy by Achterberg (2014)EnglandFischer, 1958longicornis misident.Englandlongicornis but omitted by Listed as a synonym of longicornis Thomson, 1895, in Taxapad , regardeWesmael, 1835dentifer Thomson, 1895stramineipes Thomson, 1895Marshall, 1894pulchrithorax Fischer, 1958Wesmael, 1835EnglandFischer, 1959EnglandWesmael, 1835latipes misident.England, Irelandpygmaeator in Taxapad (latipes sensu Fischer) by van Achterberg (in prep.).Listed as a synonym of  Taxapad , regardeWesmael, 1835Englandfuscipennis  , a separate species now placed in the genus Pseudorhinoplus Fischer, 1972.Fischer, 1957csikii Fischer, 1957minor Fischer, 1957nigrithorax Fischer, 1958 preocc.EnglandWesmael, 1835Wesmael, 1835apiculatorBracon) Scotland, Walesadded by Godfray and Achterberg (2015)Wesmael, 1835nigriceps Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1898neopusillus Fischer, 1957England, Scotland, IrelandBraconorbiculator Nees, 1811breviscapus Thomson, 1895IrelandWesmael, 1835exilis Haliday, 1837; synonymy by Achterberg (1997)pallidipesHypolabis)  nom. nud.  nom. nud.  nom. nud. Fischer, 1958EnglandBraconpygmaeator Nees, 1811ruminans Fischer, 1957dilatatus Fischer, 1960meracus Fischer, 1960England, IrelandFischer, 1962EnglandWesmael, 1835clarus Haliday, 1836; synonymy by Fischer (1997)spretus Haliday, 1836; synonymy by Fischer (1997)vindex Haliday, 1837; synonymy by van Achterberg (in prep.)arenosus Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1898England, Irelandclarus and spretus were also synonymised by Both Fischer, 1967Englandadded by Godfray and Achterberg (2015)Fischer, 1969Scotland, IrelandF\u00f6rster, 1863EUTRICHOPSIS F\u00f6rster, 1863NOSOPOEA F\u00f6rster, 1863TOLBIA Cameron, 1907BRACHYCENTRUS Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1907COELOREUTEUS Roman, 1910HEXAULAX Cameron, 1910BAEOCENTRUM Schulz, 1911NEODIOSPILUS Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1911NEOPIUS Fischer, 1965EUOPIUS Fischer, 1967GASTROSEMA Fischer, 1972GERIUS Fischer, 1972GRIMNIRUS Fischer, 1972HOENIRUS Fischer, 1972MEROTRACHYS Fischer, 1972MIMIRUS Fischer, 1972PHLEBOSEMA Fischer, 1972NEOEPHEDRUS Samanta, Tamili, Saha & Raychaudhuri, 1983ADONTOPIUS Fischer, 1984KAINOPAEOPIUS Fischer, 1987MILLENIOPIUS Fischer, 1996NEOTROPOPIUS Fischer, 1999Phaedrotoma was raised from synonymy with Opius by Opius. Generic synonymy follows Phaedrotoma excluded from the British and Irish list:species of viennensis ] Listed by  Listed in Fauna Europaea as occurring in Britain, but presumably mistakenly as no literature or specimen records can be located. Known only from Georgia, Greece and Ukraine Opiuscaudatus Wesmael, 1835exsertusOpius) Opiuscoracinus Thomson, 1895EnglandFauna Europaea; there may be a literature citation for its occurrence in Britain  but we have been unable to trace it.BMNH, det. Fischer, added in Opiusfulvicollis Thomson, 1895cupidusOpius) Opiusrotundiventris Thomson, 1895EnglandOpiusruficeps Wesmael, 1835EnglandOpiustestaceus Wesmael, 1838EnglandOpiustruncatus Wesmael, 1838EnglandOpiuszelotes Marshall, 1891insertusOpius) Tobias, 1986ukrainicus Tobias, 1986EnglandNMS, det. Taeger, added hereTaeger, 1989Englandadded by Taeger (1989)Marshall, 1898subtilirugosus Papp, 1971England, WalesHartig, 1838obscurator misident.rugulosus Fahringer, 1937hyperboreus Hell\u00e9n, 1958Irelandobscurator auctt. as leptocephalus, this species was recorded as obscurator by Although Taeger, 1989EnglandNMS, det. Taeger, added hereThomson, 1895micropterus Morley, 1907macropteraAptesis) Microduspunctulator Nees, 1811rufiventris Fahringer, 1937Englandadded by Taeger (1989)Microgasterrugosus Nees, 1834EnglandNMS, det. Taeger, added hereTaeger, 1989Wales, Irelandadded by Taeger (1989)Marshall, 1885Hell\u00e9n, 1957Haliday, 1833PENECERUS Wesmael, 1838PARAMESOCRINA Nagamori, 1925Haliday, 1833rubiginosusHormius)     Phaenoduspallipes F\u00f6rster, 1863flavipesAraphis)   Haliday, 1836ARAPHIS Ruthe, 1854ARRHAPHIS misspellingARHAPHIS misspellingFOLCHINIA Kieffer, 1906PARAMBOLUS Dahl, 1912Pambolus (Pambolus) excluded from the British and Irish list:species of biglumis ; syn. rosenhaueri ; dubius ; imminens ] Included as British in Fauna Europaea and Taxapad  F\u00f6rster, 1863Most synonymy has been omitted; published taxonomy has been confused and there are several more species present than have been recorded in the literature, with the application of names not yet settled.Rogasdecorator Haliday, 1836ruficepsExothecus)  Rogashariolator Haliday, 1836barbatusExothecus) Rogasmeditator Haliday, 1836England, ScotlandXenarchavariabilis Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1896Englandmeditator by NMS, det. Shaw & van Achterberg, added here; treated as a synonym of Exothecusvaricoxa Thomson, 1892Englandmeditator by NMS, det. Shaw & van Achterberg, added here; treated as a synonym of F\u00f6rster, 1863HISTEROMERINAE Fahringer, 1930Hell\u00e9n, 1957F\u00f6rster, 1863EUCHASMUS Marshall, 1888EPISIGALPHUS Ashmead, 1900Euchasmusexiguus Marshall, 1888EnglandTobias, 1983Acrisis in Fauna Europaea, as a separate genus by Treated as a synonym of Tobias, 1983EnglandNMS, det. Shaw & van Achterberg, added hereTobias, 1983EnglandFauna EuropaeaNMS, det. Shaw & van Achterberg, added on Fahringer, 1930Histeromerus belongs in Rhyssalinae; however, there is as yet no indication as to how Histeromerus can be accommodated within the existing tribal classification of Rhyssalinae, so we simply use Histeromerini for now.Wesmael, 1838MITHOTYNIA Hedqvist, 1976Wesmael, 1838apterusMithotynia) Rogasindagator Haliday, 1836tuberculataExothecus)     F\u00f6rster, 1863EPIRHYSSALUS Ashmead, 1900Exothecusminutus Wesmael, 1838lanceolatorBracon) preocc.  , laevigatus was synonymised by Traditionally treated as a species separate from Belokobylskij, 1986Rogasfunestus Haliday, 1836schmiedeknechtiBathystomus) Oncophanestobiasi Zaykov, 1980England, ScotlandFauna EuropaeaNMS, det. Shaw & van Achterberg, added on Belokobylskij, 1994England, ScotlandFauna EuropaeaNMS, det. Shaw & van Achterberg, added on Haliday, 1833EURHOPTROCENTRUS Tobias,1977Haliday, 1833England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManEurhoptrocentruslongicaudis Tobias & Belokobylskij, 1991WalesFauna EuropaeaNMS, det. Shaw & van Achterberg, added on F\u00f6rster, 1863Distribution data mostly from NMS and BMNH.Muesebeck, 1928Resurrected by Wesmael, 1838ROGAS misident.RHOGAS misident.PETALODES Wesmael, 1838NEORHOGAS Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1906CHELONORHOGAS Enderlein, 1912Aleiodes species are further subdivided in Taxapad ; the latter is considered here to be a distinct genus (see note under Heterogamus). Taxapad  into theAleiodes excluded from the British and Irish list:species of arcticus ] MRS has seen the specimens that this record is based upon (in Ipswich Museum) and they are not arcticus. A species of uncertain status , listed as a synonym of excubitor in Taxapad Exothecusbrevicalcar Thomson, 1891England, ScotlandRogascunctator Haliday, 1836analisExothecus)  Rogasexcubitor Haliday, 1836marginellusExothecus) Braconexsertor Nees, 1811orbitatorBracon)   Rogasvestigator Haliday, 1836stigmaticus Marshall, 1897jaroshevskyi Telenga, 1941obsoletusOncophanes)  preocc.  ; syn. solitarius ; synonymy by Lepidoptera that occur in Britain and there is no evidence that tricolor, a parasitoid of Apodalimacodes (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae), has ever been found in Britain or Ireland. [Supplementary material 1HymenopteraChecklist of British and Irish Data type: formatted text fileBrief description: Word document version of the checklistFile: oo_84392.docxBroad, G.R., Shaw, M.R. & Godfray, H.C.J.Supplementary material 2BraconidaeChecklist of British and Irish Data type: spreadsheetBrief description: Excel spreadsheet version of the checklistFile: oo_84393.xlsxBroad, G.R., Shaw, MR. & Godfray, H.C.J."}
+{"text": "T. turgidum, 56,343 unigenes were matched with 103,327 unigenes of T. turgidum. Compared with the genomes of rice and barley, 14,404 and 7,007 unigenes were matched with 14,608 genes of barley and 7,708 genes of rice, respectively. On the other hand, 2,148, 1,611, and 2,707 unigenes were expressed specifically in roots, stems, and leaves, respectively. Finally, 5,531 SSR sequences were observed from 4,531 unigenes, and 518 primer pairs were designed.Construction as well as characterization of a polish wheat transcriptome is a crucial step to study useful traits of polish wheat. In this study, a transcriptome, including 76,014 unigenes, was assembled from dwarf polish wheat (DPW) roots, stems, and leaves using the software of Trinity. Among these unigenes, 61,748 (81.23%) unigenes were functionally annotated in public databases and classified into differentially functional types. Aligning this transcriptome against draft wheat genome released by the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC), 57,331 (75.42%) unigenes, including 26,122 AB-specific and 2,622 D-specific unigenes, were mapped on A, B, and/or D genomes. Compared with the transcriptome of  All annotated information was also deposited at GenBank under the accession GEDT00000000.Among these 76,014 unigenes, 61,748 (81.23%) unigenes were functionally annotated in at least one database of the NCBI Nr, Nt, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, KOG, and COG using blastx with an  T. turgidum [ Dendrocalamus latiflorus [Previously well-studied transcriptomes reported that many unigenes were not functionally annotated, such as 30% inturgidum , 32.12% turgidum , and 45.tiflorus . In thistiflorus , these utiflorus .On the other hand, as the lengths of unigenes were longer, the annotated efficiencies were higher . In the http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5781412;  T. turgidum [ T. turgidum (SFile 2). Approximately, 25% of unigenes of DPW transcriptome did not match on draft wheat genome or the transcriptome of T. turgidum, which suggested polish wheat has low genetic similarity with T. durum, T. turgidum, and T. aestivum [ T. ispahanicum and T. durum [Blasted against the draft wheat genome released by IWGSC, 57,331 (75.42%) unigenes were mapped on A, B, and/or D genomes, including 26,122 AB genome-specific and 2,622 D genome-specific unigenes, respectively  and 7,007  unigenes were matched with 14,608 genes of barley and 7,708 genes of rice, respectively, which were lower than 70% of unigenes of bread wheat matched with rice and barley genes [Meanwhile, all unigenes were also blasted against the published genomes of barley  and riceey genes .Since this transcriptome was constructed from roots, leaves, and stems, there should be some tissue-specific unigenes. Among 76,014 unigenes, 39,083 unigenes, which were involved in basic development and life cycles, such as translation, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, DNA replication, recombination and repair, transcription, signal transduction, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning, chromatin structure and dynamics, coenzyme transport and metabolism, defense mechanisms, energy production and conversion, and RNA processing and modification, coexisted in all tissues , SFile 5 ABC transporter B and C members, high affinity nitrate transporters, peroxidases, and glutathione S-transferases which participated in metal tolerances [ cytochrome P450, ABC transporter B and G members, beta-galactosidases, glucoside dioxygenases, auxin efflux carriers, and glycosyltransferases that participated in phytohormones transport, cell wall metabolism [ G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine and leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase which were involved in abiotic-stresses tolerance [On the other hand, 2,148 unigenes, such aslerances \u201330, weretabolism \u201333, respolerance \u201336, wereDue to high level of polymorphism, locus specificity, codominance, convenience, and uniform distribution throughout the genome , SSR marT. turgidum. SFile 3 Comparative information against barley. SFile 4 Comparative information against rice. SFile 4 The information of unigenes expressions. SFile 6 The sequences of SSRs in unigenes. SFile 7 The primers of SSRs. SFile 1 The location of unigenes in wheat chromosomes. SFile 2 Comparative information against"}
+{"text": "The ant fauna of Greece has been an object of investigations for almost two centuries, but most of the contributions were restricted to particular parts or regions of the country. The first comprehensive checklist, comprising the past studies on Greek ants, was done only recently by Greek Thrace (or Western Thrace) is one of the geographic and historical regions of Greece. It is the eastern-most mainland part of the country, bordered by Greek Macedonia to the west, Bulgaria to the north , Turkish (or Eastern) Thrace to the east and the Aegean Sea to the south. Most of the northern part of Greek Thrace is occupied by the Rhodope Mountains. Larger plains are situated especially in the south-western, central and north-eastern part of the region. A Mediterranean climate prevails in the southern part of Thrace and is modified by continental influences in the Rhodope Mountains .To improve the knowledge on Thracian ants, we conducted two field trips, in spring 2014 and in summer 2015, and included some previously collected unpublished material. Altogether, we compiled the samples from more than 70 localities throughout the region. As a result we present a check-list of all ant species recorded so far in Greek Thrace with comments on the taxonomy and distribution of poorly known or unnamed species.We sampled ants in spring 2014 and in summer 2015 from the sites in different parts of Greek Thrace. The main method, applied at all sites, was direct sampling (hand collecting). Ant nests and individual specimens were collected on the ground, in leaf litter, under stones, in dead wood, on tree trunks and twigs. This method was occasionally supplemented by litter sifting. Leaf litter from the ground was sieved into sifter with 1 x 1 cm wire mesh. Sieved material was placed on a white sheet and ants were collected.All specimens were preserved in 70-75% ethanol. Material sampled in 2014 is deposited in the personal collection of G. Bra\u010dko  and in the collection of the Biological Department of Trakya University . Material sampled in 2015 is stored in the Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy of the University of Wroc\u0142aw . In this study we also included unpublished material collected in 2013 during general sampling of invertebrate fauna, deposited in the Biological Department of Trakya University. Finally, we examined ants deposited in the Natural History Museum of Crete , sampled in 1999. All sampled localities are described in Table http://www.antweb.org). In the checklist all recently proposed nomenclatural changes made in the subfamily MyrmicinaeFormicinaeThe following taxonomic literature was used for the identification of the collected ants: www.antweb.org.Images of ant specimens shown in this paper were taken using a Nikon SMZ 1500 and Nikon SMZ 18 stereomicroscopes, Nikon D5200 photo camera and Helicon Focus software. All of them have assigned a CASENT number and are available on Below, we present a list of all known ant species from Greek Thrace with the localities of the sampled material Records in Greek Thrace: 9, 13, 25, 51, 70Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceAphaenogasterfestae Emery, 1915 Records in Greek Thrace: 5, 8, 18, 36, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 70Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Cyclades, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceAphaenogastercf.subterranea  and A.lesbica Forel, 1913. Specimens sampled in the vicinity of Lefkimmi (62) look very similar to samples of A.lesbica, recorded hitherto only from Lesbos and to another unnamed morphospecies, spreaded in various localities of Pieria Mountains in southern part of Macedonia. This complex is now under revision and status of the sample from Thrace will be explained in the future.Notes: Our material from Greece showed that at least seven morphospecies belonging to Bothriomyrmexcommunistus Santschi, 1919Records in Greek Thrace: 51, 58Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Dodecanese, Eastern Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceBothriomyrmexcorsicus Santschi, 1923Records in Greek Thrace: 69Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCamponotusaegaeus Emery, 1915Records in Greek Thrace: 66, 68Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Macedonia; Turkish ThraceCamponotusaethiops Camponotusmarginatus ]Records in Greek Thrace: 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 13, 25, 30, 31, 32, 33, 38, 48, 51, 53, 58, 63, 66, 68, 69, 70; Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCamponotusatricolor Records in Greek Thrace: 3, 7, 51, 69, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Turkish ThraceCamponotusdalmaticus Records in Greek Thrace: 30, 35, 36, 41, 44, 46, 61, 69Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCamponotusfallax Records in Greek Thrace: 20, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCamponotusgestroi Emery, 1878Records in Greek Thrace: 13, 35, 38Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCamponotusionius Emery, 1920Records in Greek Thrace: 6Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, ThessalyCamponotuskiesenwetteri Records in Greek Thrace: 38Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea EllasCamponotuslateralis Records in Greek Thrace: 10, 12, 17, 18, 20, 30, 31, 33, 35, 36, 37, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCamponotusoertzeni Forel, 1889 .Notes: This poorly known species was recorded from five Greek regions . Our matCamponotuspiceus Records in Greek Thrace: 4, 17, 25, 46, 69, 70Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCamponotussamius Forel, 1889Records in Greek Thrace: 12, 34, 46, 69, 70Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCamponotusvagus Records in Greek Thrace: 20, 53, 56Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCardiocondylabulgarica Forel, 1892Records in Greek Thrace: 42, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCataglyphisnodus Records in Greek Thrace: 3, 7, 9, 11, 16, 17, 18, 20, 30, 31, 32, 35, 41, 43, 46, 48, 52, 61, 66, 69, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCataglyphisviaticoides   Fig. \u200bRecords in Greek Thrace: 38Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is.; Turkish ThraceMyrmecocystusalbicansvar.viaticoides were collected in Beyruth (Lebanon). As diagnostic features he noted red colouration of the head and mesosoma and mostly black gaster. In the same paper he described another taxon: Myrmecocystusalbicansvar.lividus. Specimens of this species were collected in Jaffa, Syria (now Israel) and were distinguished by whole body pale reddish and only apex of gaster infuscate . Surprisingly, in the material preserved in Paris Museum one bicoloured syntype with dark gaster with determination label \u201cviaticoides\u201d has locality label \u201cSyrie\u201d (available in AntWeb https://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0912236) and another one, uniformly yellow syntype with determination label \u201cviaticoides\u201d, has locality label \u201cBeyrouth\u201d (available in AntWebhttps://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0915503). In the same collection there is also one syntype of uniformly yellow body with determination label \u201clividus\u201d and locality label \u201cSyrie\u201d (available in AntWebhttps://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0915499). We found two other syntypes with determination label \u201clividus\u201d and locality label \u201cJaffa\u201d in Forel\u2019s collection in Gen\u00e8ve (available in AntWeb https://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0911099) and in Santschi\u2019s collection in Basel (available in AntWeb https://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0912207). Cataglyphisviaticoides from Turkey, Caucasus and Iran concern Cataglyphisrubra . In his next paper with a key to Asian members of the genus Cataglyphis . Cataglyphisviaticoides is the only species of the mentioned above two taxa which occurs in Greece. Data on the distribution of C.bicolor  in Transcaucasia, Asia Minor, Iran, the Middle East and Arabian Peninsula should refer to C.viaticoides. True C.bicolor is restricted only to North Africa Records in Greek Thrace: 7, 10, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCrematogasterionia Forel, 1911Records in Greek Thrace: 6Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Turkish ThraceCrematogasterlorteti Forel, 1910Records in Greek Thrace: 25, 51, 69Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Macedonia, Sterea Ellas; Turkish ThraceCrematogasterschmidti Records in Greek Thrace: 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 17, 18, 20, 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 54, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceCrematogastersordidula Crematogastermayri ]Records in Greek Thrace: 6, 9, 12, 38, 46, 69, 70; Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceDolichoderusquadripunctatus Records in Greek Thrace: 18, 20, 35, 47, 65Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceFormicacinerea Mayr, 1853Records in Greek Thrace: 5Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Epirus, Macedonia, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceFormicaclara Forel, 1886Records in Greek Thrace: 7, 10, 15, 16, 22, 27, 28, 29, 42, 48, 49, 53, 62, 71, 72Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceFormicacunicularia Latreille, 1798Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 2, 5, 42, 46, 47, 49, 53, 58, 59, 60Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Macedonia, Sterea Ellas; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceFormicafusca Linnaeus, 1758Records in Greek Thrace: 5, 56, 60Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceFormicagagates Latreille, 1798Records in Greek Thrace: 5, 26, 40, 53, 55, 65Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceFormicapratensis Retzius, 1783Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 2, 7Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceFormicarufa Linnaeus, 1761Records in Greek Thrace: 56; Legakis 2011Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Bulgarian ThraceFormicarufibarbis Fabricius, 1793Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 5Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Cyclades, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceFormicasanguinea Latreille, 1798Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 5, 53Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia, Peloponnese; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceLasiusalienus Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 2, 8, 19, 26, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 42, 43, 46, 47, 58, 60, 66, 67, 70Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Cyclades, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceLasiusbalcanicus Seifert, 1988 or L.distinguendus L.distinguendus]Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 69; Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceNotes: Proper identification of both species requires nest samples with gynes . We haveLasiusbrunneus Records in Greek Thrace: 26, 47, 50, 53, 54, 59Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceLasiusflavus Records in Greek Thrace: 42Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceLasiusfuliginosus Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 52, 69, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceLasiusillyricus Zimmermann, 1935Records in Greek Thrace: 4, 5, 8, 20, 26, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Ionian Is., Macedonia, PeloponneseLasiusjensi Seifert, 1982Records in Greek Thrace: 4Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Bulgarian ThraceLasiuslasioides Records in Greek Thrace: 48Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Dodecanese, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Thessaly; Turkish ThraceLasiusmyops Forel, 1894Records in Greek Thrace: 44Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Turkish ThraceLasiusneglectus/turcicus complexRecords in Greek Thrace: 6, 12, 13, 18, 20, 22, 30, 32, 38, 42, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 56, 65, 68, 69Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas; Turkish ThraceL.neglectus Van Loon, Boomsma & Andrasfalvy, 1990 and L.turcicus Santschi, 1921, is still under discussion. Populations of both taxa show differences in biology and ecology and quite expressed morphometric differences in males , which could indicate that these are two distinct species Records in Greek Thrace: 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia (see notes below); Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceLasiusniger was listed for six Greek regions Records in Greek Thrace: 6, 12, 13, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25, 29, 30, 32, 34, 35, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 67, 68Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceLeptothoraxacervorum Records in Greek Thrace: 1Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia (see notes below); Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceLeptothoraxacervorum was only recorded generally from Greece by Notes: Liometopummicrocephalum Records in Greek Thrace: 6, 16, 17, 24, 25, 42, 47Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceMessorcf.ebeninus  belong to the Messorsemirufus complex. This complex comprises numerous names of various rank, partly available to nomenclature. Most taxa were described from the eastern part of the Mediterranean Basin Records in Greek Thrace: 5, 9, 13, 17, 25, 30, 33, 35, 43, 48, 49, 58Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Turkish ThraceMessorcf.semirufusRecords in Greek Thrace: 3Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Turkish ThraceM.cf.ebeninus.Notes: See notes under Messorcf.structorRecords in Greek Thrace: 2, 23, 27, 29, 50, 53, 72Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceMessorstructor  comprises two cryptic species. Both can be found in different parts of the Balkan Peninsula, also in southern Bulgaria close to Greek border Records in Greek Thrace: 5, 6, 9, 60, 70, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceMyrmicahellenica Finzi, 1926Records in Greek Thrace: 7, 10Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceMyrmicalonae Finzi, 1926Records in Greek Thrace: 69Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceMyrmicasabuleti Meinert, 1861Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 55, 59, 60Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Dodecanese, Epirus, Macedonia, Sterea Ellas; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceMyrmicascabrinodis Nylander, 1846Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 5Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Ionian Is., Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceMyrmicaspecioides Bondroit, 1918Records in Greek Thrace: 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThracePheidolecf.pallidulaRecords in Greek Thrace: 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 14, 17, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42, 43, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 54, 64, 67, 68, 69, 70Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThracePheidolepallidula  are now under revision (B. Seifert pers. comm.). Preliminary results suggest occurrence of at least three taxa in the Mediterranean Basin. True P.pallidula is restricted mostly to the western part of the studied area, while in Greece probably occur two other species although introduction of true P.pallidula to tourist resorts is also possible.Notes: Mediterranean populations of taxon named Plagiolepispallescens sensu Radchenko  which is yellowish and has first gaster tergite sparsely pubescent. We have many samples of yellow coloured and sparsely pubescent mature workers collected from Rhodes and observed nests with workers of exclusively yellow aberration and nests with mixed yellow and brown aberrations. Both light and dark colored specimens showed similar level of sclerotization of cuticle. Thus the light colour in this case is not indicative of callow workers. Our specimens of Plagiolepispallescens sensu Radchenko have darker colouration, from yellowish brown to brown. Only the callow workers are lighter yellowish. In morphometric characters samples of both yellow and dark aberrations from Rhodes appear to be conspecific with Plagiolepistaurica Santschi, 1920, a sparsely pubescent species which is also variable in colour . Plagiolepisschmitzi Forel, 1885 is the only other densely pubescent taxon from the Mediterranean area, distributed from Portugal to Sicily Records in Greek Thrace: 6, 8, 9, 12, 17, 20, 30, 32, 35, 36, 37, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 50, 51, 61, 64, 65, 66, 69, 70Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThracePlagiolepistaurica Santschi, 1920Records in Greek Thrace: 2, 4, 6, 22, 38, 58, 68Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThracePoneracoarctata Records in Greek Thrace: 30, 60, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Sterea Ellas, Peloponnese, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThracePoneratestacea Emery, 1895Records in Greek Thrace: 46, 69, 70Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Bulgarian ThracePrenolepisnitens Records in Greek Thrace: 5, 8, 51, 69, 70Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Sterea Ellas, Peloponnese, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceSolenopsisfugax Records in Greek Thrace: 1Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceS.cf.lusitanica.Notes: See notes under Solenopsiscf.lusitanica Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 3, 4, 9, 10, 13, 25, 43, 51, 55, 56, 57, 58, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTapinomasimrothi Krausse, 1911Records in Greek Thrace: 48Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxaeolius  Records in Greek Thrace: 8, 43Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Cyclades, East Aegean Is., Macedonia, Sterea Ellas; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxcf.affinis Records in Greek Thrace: 25, 43Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Peloponnese; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxcf.bulgaricus.Notes: See notes under Temnothoraxcf.bulgaricus Records in Greek Thrace: 6, 30, 33, 38, 68Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas; Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxcf.graecus  does not occur in Greece. All Greek populations belong to one or more undescribed taxa of the T.interruptus complex .Notes: Recent studies suggest that true Temnothoraxlichtensteini Records in Greek Thrace: 18, 65Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Epirus, Macedonia, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxmediterraneus Ward, Brady, Fisher & Schultz, 2015Records in Greek Thrace: 8Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, MacedoniaTemnothoraxnigriceps Records in Greek Thrace: 58Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese; Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxparvulus Records in Greek Thrace: 26, 57, 59, 60Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Ionian Is., Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxrecedens Records in Greek Thrace: 6, 8, 17, 20, 31, 36, 39, 41, 43, 44, 46, 47, 50Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxsemiruber Records in Greek Thrace: 10, 26, 31, 37, 69, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxsubtilis Cs\u0151sz, Heinze & Mik\u00f3, 2015 Records in Greek Thrace: 5, 53Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Epirus, Macedonia, Thessaly; Bulgarian ThraceTemnothoraxcf.tuberum sp. 1 and sp. 2Records in Greek Thrace: 1, 43Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Thessaly; Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxtuberum group need revision based on detailed morphometric studies. Our material from various parts of Greece suggests that in this area occur more than one species related to T.tuberum . Specimens collected in Thrace appear to belong to two closely related species.Notes: Greek taxa belonging to Temnothoraxturcicus Records in Greek Thrace: 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxcf.unifasciatus sp. 1 and sp. 2Records in Greek Thrace: 8, 18, 25, 26, 50, 52, 56, 57, 60, 61, 63, 66Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Thessaly; Turkish ThraceTemnothoraxunifasciatus group need revision based on detailed morphometric studies. Our material from various parts of Greece suggests that in this area occur at least two species related to T.unifasciatus . Also, in our material from Thrace we have identified two morphospecies of this group.Notes: Greek taxa belonging to Tetramoriumatratulus Records in Greek Thrace: 47Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Turkish ThraceTetramoriumcf.caespitum sp. 1 and sp. 2Records in Greek Thrace: 2, 6, 7, 10, 22, 33, 35, 42, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 59, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Ionian Is., Macedonia, Peloponnese, Sterea Ellas, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTetramoriumcaespitum/impurum complex in Europe and the Mediterranean area, but so far only five were named formally (T.hungaricum and T.impurum) and two not formally described morphospecies we list here as T.cf.caespitum sp. 1 and sp. 2.Notes: Molecular and morphometric studies suggest occurrence of at least nine species of formally . Our samTetramoriumchefketi Forel, 1911Records in Greek Thrace: 5, 22, 27, 35, 49, 51, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTetramoriumcf.davidiRecords in Greek Thrace: 25Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Dodecanese; Turkish ThraceNotes: This sample belongs to a species group with head costulae diverging on occipital part of head and needs a revision. Our material from the eastern part of the Mediterranean suggests the occurrence of at least two distinct morphospecies.Tetramoriumcf.depressum sp. 1Records in Greek Thrace: 12, 68Tetramoriumcf.semilaeve.Notes: See notes under Tetramoriumcf.depressum sp. 2Records in Greek Thrace: 71Tetramoriumcf.semilaeve.Notes: See notes under Tetramoriumferox Ruzsky, 1903Records in Greek Thrace: 27, 42, 46, 72Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Ionian Is., Macedonia; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTetramoriumcf.flavidulum . Our material from Greece suggests the occurrence of at least three distinct species in this country. Male genitalia, petiole and postpetiole sculpture of the members of this group are very similar to those of the species of T.chefketi group revised by T.chefketi group. Proper identification of the sample from Thrace is impossible prior to the revision of all taxa of T.flaviulum group.Notes: In the eastern part of Mediterranean Basin, Tetramoriumhippocratis Agosti & Collingwood, 1987 Records in Greek Thrace: 1Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Macedonia; Turkish ThraceTetramoriummoravicum Kratochvil, 1941Records in Greek Thrace: 3, 4, 5, 7, 26, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59Distribution in Greece and neighbouring regions: Crete, Epirus, Macedonia, Peloponnese, Thessaly; Bulgarian Thrace, Turkish ThraceTetramoriumrhodium Emery, 1924 . We grouped samples with mostly reduced head sculpture under name T.depressum complex (T.hippocratis and at least three unnamed species) and taxa with more expressed head sculpture under T.semilaeve complex . For proper identification of all taxa nest samples with males and gynes are required. In our material from Thrace we have three species from T.depressum complex  and at least one species from T.semilaeve complex (T.cf.semilaeve). We managed to collect only one nest sample of T.semilaeve complex and it belongs to an undescribed species which seems to be widespread in Greece. Probably most literature records of T.semilaeve from Greece concern this undescribed taxon. True T.semilaeve Andr\u00e9, 1883 is distributed only in western part of Mediterranean basin A.splendida group, occurs only in Italy. Four other members of the group were recorded from Greece: A.muelleriana Wolf, 1915 from Epirus and Ionian Is., A.splendida  from Macedonia, Peloponnese and Sterea Ellas, A.rugosoferruginea Forel, 1889 endemic to Crete and A.festae Emery, 1915 from Dodecanese, East Aegean Is., Epirus, Macedonia and Thrace. Without voucher specimens it is impossible to determine which species was recorded by Notes: This species, a member of Lepisiotamelas L.melas is distingushed from L.frauenfeldi by the colouration of the mesosoma , being mainly or entirely reddish in L.melas and mainly or entirely dark in L.frauenfeldi. After examining photos of type specimens of both taxa  it is evident that these species were misinterpreted and L.melas sensu Agosti & Collingwood = L.frauenfeldi while L.frauenfeldi sensu Agosti & Collingwood = L.melas. Lepisiotamelas is southern species, in Greece occurs in the area south of Macedonia and Thrace while L.frauenfeldi is common in northern part of the country. With great probability the record of L.melas from Thrace in L.frauenfeldi.Notes: In the key to Balkan ants  L.melasMessorcaducus M.caducus, and described several infraspecific taxa. The closest to Greek border described taxon is M.caducuscaucasicola Arnoldi, 1977 with type locality in Transcaucasia. Specimens of this taxon were recently collected in southwestern Turkey (our unpublished data). In our collection we also have a new endemic species from Crete, belonging to M.caducus group. Since all known localities for taxa of M.caducus group are far from Greek Thrace, we assume the record in M.semirufus group.Notes: Messorbouvieri Bondroit, 1918M.bouvieri is a western Mediterranean species distributed from Portugal to Italy and its occurrence in Greece is unlikely. Record in M.semirufus group.Notes: Tetramoriumlucidulum Menozzii, 1933T.lucidulum is a distinct species of T.semilaeve group (T.depressum complex), well distinguished by extremely narrow frons. It was described from \u201cSyrien, Kleinasien, Turkestan\u201d by Tetramoriumcaespitumpunicumvar.lucidula, and is most probably absent from Greece. At least four other species of T.depressum complex occur in Greece and it is impossible to conclude what is the identity of the species mentioned in T.lucidulum. See also notes under T.cf.semilaeve.Notes: This species was misinterpreted in the key to Balkan ants . True T.Aphaenogasterfestae, Camponotuskiesenwetteri, Camponotussamius, Cataglyphisviaticoides, Temnothoraxhelenae) as well as species with more northern distribution that are rarely found in other parts of Greece . Among the collected material, we have some particulary interesting species, as they have not been found in the continental part of Greece yet, namely Cataglyphisviaticoides, Temnothoraxaeolius, Tetramoriumcf.davidi, Tetramoriumhippocratis and Tetramoriumrhodium. Temnothoraxaeolius and Tetramoriumrhodium are also absent from the neighbouring regions of Bulgarian and Turkish Thrace. In the checklist of species, we listed some taxa under names that have not been mentioned in the literature for Greece, i.e. Messorcf.ebeninus, Messorcf.semirufus, Temnothoraxcf.affinis, Temnothoraxcf.bulgaricus, Tetramoriumcf.depressum sp. 1, Tetramoriumcf.depressum sp. 2. Since they belong to taxonomically problematic groups it is very possible that they have already been recorded under different names from other parts of the country. Many ant genera and species groups are taxonomically unresolved so we cannot give the exact names for several species from the checklist. Some of them probably have available specific or infraspecific names now trated as synonyms of different taxa, and some are probably taxa new to science.Although Thracian ant fauna has been almost totally neglected thus far, we can consider this Greek region as relatively diverse. We collected 115 species, only 7 already mentioned in the checklist in Results of the present study and recent investigations from other parts of the country show great richness of Greek ant fauna. Based on the material we have collected from various parts of Greece and which includes many still unidentified taxa , it is estimated that at least 320 ant species occur in the fauna of Greece, several of them new to science."}
+{"text": "AbstractCymatodera are described from Mexico: Cymatoderatortuosa Burke & Rifkind, sp. n. from Hidalgo and Tamaulipas; Cymatoderaortegae Burke, sp. n. from Colima, Jalisco and Michoacan; Cymatoderagerstmeieri Burke & Rifkind, sp. n. from Chiapas; and Cymatoderamixteca Burke & Rifkind, sp. n. from Puebla and Guerrero. Male genitalia and other characters of taxonomic value are illustrated.Four new species of  Cleridae, the present work describes four new species of Cymatodera Gray from the central and southern states of Mexico. As previously discussed . Holotype, red labeled, male: Mexico, Hidalgo, La Florida, municipio de Cardonal, Sitio 1A, 4-V-2014, S. Qui\u00f1onez; holotype deposited in CNIN. Paratype: 1 female: Mexico, Tamaulipas Mpio. Tula, La Presita, Canon de Coyote, 1,900 m, 16-III-1987, P. Kovarik, R. Jones, R. Trevino; paratype deposited in TAMU.Cymatoderatortuosa superficially resembles a number of species that share a similar pattern of fuscous and testaceous elytral banding, such as Cymatoderabalteata LeConte, Cymatoderasirpata Horn, Cymatoderaundulata (Say), and Cymatoderawolcotti Barr. Cymatoderatortuosa, however, can be readily differentiated from those species based on clear differences in the male and female pygidium as well as discontinuity in geographic distribution. Specifically, the new species has the male pygidium distinctly modified , is a reference to the intricate and elaborate structure of the male pygidium of this species.The specific epithet Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCleridaeBurkesp. n.http://zoobank.org/27646149-9E6B-4397-ACD2-DB7E55F37A7C19\u00b042'N, 104\u00b024'W, 12 km SSD Autlan, mixed hardwood forest 15-VII-1993, R. L. Westcott; holotype deposited in CASC. Paratypes yellow labeled: 1 male: same data as holotype (WFBM); 1 female: Mexico: PageBreakJalisco, 81 km E of El Grullo, 6-X-1992, R. Turnbow (RHTC); 2 males, 1 female: Mex: Jalisco, N slope Nevado de Colima, 8000\u2019, 17-VII-1990, J. Wappes (JEWC); 1 male, Jalisco, Autl\u00e1n, Res. de la Biosfera Manantl\u00e1n, Est. Cientifica Las Joyas, 19\u00b035'443\"N, 104\u00b016'468\"W, 30-VIII-2001, Col. V. H. Toledo (CIUM); 1 male, 2 females: Mexico, Jalisco, 2 km S La Manzanilla, 12-X-2001, F. Hovore (JNRC); 1 female: Mexico, Jalisco, Nevado de Colima, 8200\u2019, Parque Nacional, 10.7 mi N Hwy 54, 17-IX-1986, [no collector data] (KSUC); 1 male: Mexico, Jalisco, 24.8 km SW Ciudad Guzman, 2286 m, 2-VII-1988, R. S. Anderson, pine-oak forest (JNRC); 1 male: Mexico: Sierra de Manantlan, Jalisco, Las Joyas, 1870 m, 18-VII-1985, J. Doyen, black and white light (EMEC); 1 male, 1 female: Mexico, Sierra de Manantlan, Jalisco, 1800-1900 m, 17-VII-1985, J. Doyen (EMEC); 4 females: Mexico, Jalisco, 5.4 km NE de Apango, 19 48 N, 103 41 W, 20-X-1996, beating dead leaf clumps of Quercus sp., R. L. Westcott (WFBM); 1 female: Mexico, Jalisco, Manantlan, Lab. Nat. Las Joyas, 8-VII-1988, F. A. Noguera and Y. A. Rodriguez (CNIC); 1 female: Mexico, Jalisco, 19 km E El Jazmin, (SW Ciudad Guzman), 2005 m, 19-VII-1993, pine-oak forest, R. L. Westcott, collected on Quercus sp. (WFBM); 2 males, 2 females: Mexico, Jalisco, km 3.5-4 Nevado de Colima, 24-VII-2011, R. Turnbow (RHTC); 1 female: Mex: Colima, nr El Terrero, 7800\u2019, 18-VII-199, J. E. Wappes (JEWC); 1 male: Mexico, on elderberry stems, lot 72-11927, 27-VII-1972, Racine and Turk (WFBM); 1 male: Mexico, Colima, NW slope Nevado de Colima, 17-VII-1990, E. Giesbert (JNRC); 1 female: Colima, W rd. to El Terrero, 5000\u2019, 3-5-X-1992, J. E. Wappes (JEWC); 1 male: Mexico, Michoacan, 2 km N Tancitaro, 2700-800 m, 26-I-1947, 53, T. H. Hubbell (JNRC).(n = 30). Holotype red labeled, male: Jalisco, road to microondas Los Mazos, Sierra Manantl\u00e1n, 1425-1610 m, Cymatodera. Cymatoderaortegae appears to be allied to several Mexican congeners that share similar body shape, integumental color, brachypterous condition, and a reduced anterior elytral margin. Of these, Cymatoderabarri Rifkind, Cymatoderamaculifera Barr, and Cymatoderamonticola Rifkind are most similar. Unlike Cymatoderaortegae, however, the males of Cymatoderabarri and Cymatoderamaculifera possess a distinct pair of feebly to moderately developed tubercles on the median posterior portion of the metasternum. Both sexes of these species lack the irregular, infuscate elytral pattern of the new species. Cymatoderamonticola possesses distinctly different terminalia from Cymatoderaortegae, as well as sinuate elytral apices.The undulate fascia pattern on the elytral ground, the testaceous to slightly greenish integumental color, general body shape, and geographic distribution of the new species will, in combination, serve to separate it from other species of PageBreaklocated at the elytral mid-length, moderately wide, extending from the elytral suture to before the epipleural fold. Punctation on elytral ground infuscate . Anterior margin arcuately emarginate; narrower than widest portion of pronotum; humeri very feebly indicated; sides widest on posterior fourth; disc convex; apex rounded, broadly dehiscent, not covering sixth ventrite; surface smooth, moderately clothed with short, fine, pale, recumbent setae intermixed with long, pale, fine, erect setae; sculpturing consisting of small, coarse punctures and larger punctation irregularly arranged from base to apex, punctures becoming less numerous behind anterior third, interstices about 3 \u00d7 the diameter of punctures at elytral base.Abdomen: Ventrites 1\u20135 rugulose; shallowly, moderately punctate; each segment with a pair of large, shallow impressions near sides; surface clothed with short, recumbent setae intermixed with less numerous, long, semi-erect setae. Fifth ventrite Fig.  moderatePageBreakbly oblique; phallobase moderately broad; phallus with copulatory piece feebly tapered distally; phallic plate armed with a row of moderately long denticles along the dorsal margin, these denticles increasing in size toward distal end; phallobasic apodeme short, PageBreakrobust, dilated distally; phallobasic struts slender throughout their length, each as long as phallobasic apodeme : Holotype, red labeled, male: Mexico, Chiapas, El Aguacero, 680 m, 17-VI-1990, at light, R. A. Cunningham; holotype deposited in CSCA. Paratypes, yellow labeled: 4 males, 2 females: same data as holotype (JNRC), except 2 males and 1 female collected on 16-VI-1990, and 1 male collected on 01-IX-1990; 1 female: Mexico Chiapas, Aguacero, 16 km W Ocoz[ocuautla], 1-7-VII-1986, 2500\u2019, J. E. Wappes (JEWC).Cymatoderagerstmeieri is similar to a number of New World tilline species that share a testaceous to ferrugineous integument and a median, dark fascia on the elytral ground; those closest include Cymatoderamitae Burke, Bogciadisjuncta Barr, and Cymatoderainsignis Schenkling. The new species can be separated from the former as follows: male specimens of Cymatoderagerstmeieri have the eleventh antennomere medially depressed, acuminate posteriorly, and approximately 2\u00d7 longer than tenth antennomere , in recognition of his many contributions to the study of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCleridaeBurke & Rifkindsp. n.http://zoobank.org/580DD2DD-2760-4140-9FCC-5D1E2B495D65PageBreak1973, Mastro and Schaffner (TAMU); 1 female: Mexico, Puebla, 8 mi SE Tehuitzingo, 29-VI-1961, 4100\u2019, University of Kansas, Mexico expedition (SEMC); 1 male: Mexico, Puebla, 6 mi SW Tehuacan, 7-VII-1973, taken at light, Mastro and Schaffner (TAMU); 3 females: Mexico, Guerrero, Mexcala, 29-VI-1959 P. D. Hurd (EMEC);(n = 16): Holotype, red labeled, male: Cacaloapan, Puebla, Mexico, 26-IV-1962, L. A. Stange. Holotype deposited in CASC. Paratypes, yellow labeled: 1 male, 1 female: same data as holotype (FMNH); 2 males: Mexico, Puebla, 2 mi SW Tehuacan, 5300\u2019, 4-X-1975, blacklight trap, 2300-0600, Powell (EMEC); 1 male: Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico, 23-VI-1953, P. D. Hurd (JNRC); 1 female: 82 km NE Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico, 5480 ft, rt. 2A, km 242, 7-VI-1948, desert, at light, F. Werner and W. Nutting (KSUC); 2 males, 1 female: Mexico, Puebla, 10 km N Tehuacan, 1650 m, 20-VII-1987, J. T. Doyen (EMEC); 1 female: Mexico, Puebla, 5 mi SW Zapotitlan, 8-VII-Cymatoderamixteca is most similar to the allopatric Cymatoderapallida Schaeffer, but the two species can be readily differentiated based on the structure of the antennae. Antennomeres 2\u20133 of Cymatoderamixteca are about the same length and width but shorter and narrower than the fourth antennomere (Fig. Cymatoderapallida (Fig. Cymatoderamixteca is uniformly pale-testaceous to testaceous (Fig. Cymatoderapallida has a faint, wide, transversal, dark-testaceous band on the last third of the elytral ground (Fig. Cymatoderamixteca is restricted to central Mexico while Cymatoderapallida is found in the southwest portion of the United States and the northern state of Chihuahua, Mexico. Male pygidia of Cymatoderamixteca and Cymatoderapallida (Figs Cymatoderacylindricollis Chevrolat is darker and moderately larger than Cymatoderamixteca.ere Fig. , while aida Fig. . The elyous Fig.  while Cyund Fig. . In addiida Figs  closely Holotype male. Small, moderately slender, metathoracic wings complete. TL = 9.3 mm. Color: head, pronotum, prosternum, mesosternum and mouthparts testaceous; remainder of body pale testaceous Fig. .Head. HL = 1.1 mm, HW = 1.6 mm. Measured across eyes wider than pronotum; surface feebly rugose, shiny; frons not bi-impressed; moderately, finely punctate; vested with pale, short, recumbent, fine setae interspersed with some erect, fine, long and less numerous setae; eyes moderately rounded, large, slightly longer than wide, feebly emarginate in front, conspicuously bulging laterally. Antennae long, extending to posterior half of elytral length; second and third antennomere small, slender, about the same length; fourth antennomere about 3\u00d7 longer than third antennomere, antennomeres 4\u201310 robust, moderately elongate, subequal in length; antennomeres 2\u20133 subcylindrical; antennomeres 4\u201310 moderately serrate; last antennomere acuminate posteriorly, flattened apically, about the same length of tenth antennomere Fig. .Thorax: PL = 1.7 mm, PW = 0.9 mm. Pronotum moderately rugose, feebly, finely punctate; anterior margin as wide as middle and posterior margin; sides feebly constricted subapically; more constricted behind middle; disc flat, feebly impressed in front of middle; anterior pronotal impression present, subbasal tumescence obvious; surface moderately clothed with pale, stiff, short and long, semirecumbent setae. Prosternum sparsely vested, feebly, finely punctate. Mesosternum convex; surface shiny, smooth, moderately, shallowly punctate. Metasternum with surface feebly rugose, moderately, shallowly puncticulate. Scutellum ovoid, wider than long, posteriorly emarginate.Legs: Moderately vested with pale, fine, recumbent setae intermixed with some scattered, very long, pale, stiff setae; femora transversally rugulose; tibia feebly punctate, longitudinally, finely rugulose.PageBreaktened above, slightly depressed medially, smooth; apices subtriangular, feebly dehiscent; elytral declivity steep; integument clothed with short, pale, fine, recumbent setae intermixed with long, erect, pale, stiff setae; sculpture consisting of moderately coarse punctation arranged in regular striae that gradually become smaller and shallower on toward apex, punctation disappear before elytral apex; interstices at elytral base smooth, about 2.0\u00d7 the width of punctation.Elytra: EL = 4.9 mm, EW = 2.1 mm. Broader than pronotum; humeri pronounced, rounded; sides slightly ovoid; widest portion at posterior fourth; disc moderately flatAbdomen: Ventrites 1\u20134 shiny, smooth; feebly, finely punctate; clothed with few short, pale, fine, recumbent setae; posterior margins truncate; lateral margins not depressed. Fifth ventrite Fig.  conspicuAedeagus 0.9 mm long; feebly sclerotized; moderately wide; ratio of length of paramere to whole tegmen 0.3:1; tegmen partially covering phallus; parameres ovoid; lateral margins obtuse, oblique, pointed distally; phallobase wide; phallic plate devoid of denticles, distal portion of phallic plate spinous, spines reduced; phallus rounded at apex, conspicuously wide at middle; phallobasic apodeme robust, swollen distally, longer than phallobasic struts; phallobasic struts moderately robust, swollen distally, approximately 1.2 \u00d7 the length of phallobasic apodeme Fig. .Females of the type series can be differentiated from males by the shape of the sixth ventrite. This segment is broadly rounded posteriorly Fig. , rather Length of males ranges from 6.3\u20138.4 mm; length of females from 7.1\u20137.9 mm. Individuals in the type series vary somewhat in integument color, ranging from pale testaceous to brown. Such color variation is observable in male and female members in the type series. Remaining characters in the type series remain consistent.The type series was collected from various localities in the Sierra Mixteca of Mexico, specifically in the south and southwestern portion of the state of Puebla, and in central Guerrero state Fig. . This reThe specific epithet makes allusion to the regional home of the Mixteca people, and of this new species."}
+{"text": "P. Anversa, Boston, USAJ.J.M. Bergeron, Montreal, CanadaM. Bhatia, Christchurch, New ZealandO. Binah, Haifa, IsraelH.E. Blum, Freiburg, GermanyT.B. Bolton, London, UKC. Bona, New York, USAM.D. Bootman, Cambridge, UKN. Bornstein, Tel Aviv, IsraelG. Bussolati, Turin, ItalyK. Camphausen, Bethesda, USAM. Caraglia, Naples, ItalyY.H. Chen, Shanghai, ChinaC.-M. Cheng, Hsinchu, TaiwanS.N. Constantinescu, Brussels, BelgiumP. Doevendans, Utrecht, The NetherlandsB. Eyden, Manchester, UKM.S. Faussone-Pellegrini, Florence, ItalyW. Franke, Heidelberg, GermanyL. Frati, Rome, ItalyT. Fujimoto, Nagoya, JapanP.M. Glazer, New Haven, USAJ. Gooch, Atlanta, USAH. zur Hausen, Heidelberg, GermanyA.M. Hofer, Boston, USAR.E. Horch, Erlangen, GermanyO. Hovatta, Huddinge, SwedenS.S. Hu, Beijing, ChinaJ.D. Huizinga, Hamilton, CanadaM. Ivan, Indianapolis, USAB. Jena, Detroit, USAY.T. Konttinen, Helsinki, FinlandT. Kornberg, San Francisco, USAS. Kostin, Bad Nauheim, GermanyR.C. Kukreja, Richmond, VA, USAR. Langer, Cambridge, USAJ.W. Lawler, Boston, USAF. Lupu, Oklahoma City, USAJ. Meldolesi, Milan, ItalyM. Mercola, San Diego, USAV.M. Miller, Rochester, USAK. Morgan, Boston, USAJ.F. Morris, Oxford, UKC. Mummery, Utrecht, The NetherlandsF. Murad, Houston, USAD.F. Mure\u015fanu, Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaH. O\u2019Neil, Canberra, AustraliaK.P. Nephew, Bloomington, USAM. Pesce, Milan, ItalyO.H. Petersen, Liverpool, UKN.C. Popescu, Bethesda, USAD. Pozo, Sevilla, SpainM.Z. Ratajczak, Louisville, USAU. Ripamonti, Johannesburg, South AfricaJ. Rubin, Bethesda, USAA. Samali, Galway, IrelandP.R. Sanberg, Tampa, USAR.C. dos Santos Goldenberg Rio de Janeiro, BrasilM. Simionescu, Bucharest, RomaniaG.W. Sledge, Indiana, USAR.V. Stan, Hanover, USAG. Steinhoff, Rostock, GermanyM. St\u00fcrzl, Erlangen, GermanyM. Taggart, Newcastle upon Tyne, UKA. Tosaki, Debrecen, HungaryN.A. Turner, Leeds, UKC.A. Vacanti, Boston, USAA. Vaheri, Helsinki, FinlandL. V\u00e9csei, Szeged, HungaryV. Velculescu, Baltimore, USAC. Wang, Beijing, ChinaR.A. Wang, Xi\u2019an, ChinaB. Winblad, Stockholm, SwedenC. Zhang, Newark, USAM. Leabu, Bucharest, RomaniaAsia OfficeX. Wang, Shanghai, ChinaH. Amin, Houston, USAK. Cheng, Los Angeles, CA, USAL. Chirieac, Boston, USASanda M. Ciontea, Bucharest, RomaniaV. Cismasiu, Oxford, UKCamelia Iancu-Rubin, New York, USAElisa-Anamaria Liehn, Aachen, GermanyN.I. Moldovan, Columbus, USAM. Oprica, Stockholm, SwedenA.G. Papavassiliou, Athens, GreeceR.A. Towner, Oklahoma City, USAD. Cretoiu, Bucharest, RomaniaC.G. Manole, Bucharest, RomaniaJournal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 35-29, Bucharest 35, Romania. Tel./Fax: +40 21 312 4885. E-mail: editors@jcmm.orgJournal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ UK. Tel.: +44 1865 776868, Fax: +44 1865 714591.jcmm@wiley.com)Production Editor: Jeremy Chua , Short Communications, Editorials and Points of View, as well as Letters to the Editor. From time to time the journal publishes Retro-views of significant ideas and discoveries, and Commentaries.The http://www.wileyopenaccess.com/details/content/12f25db4c87/Copyright--License.html.From12th September 2012 all articles accepted by the Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine are fully open access: immediately freely available to read, download and share. All articles accepted from 12th September 2012 are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. Articles accepted before this date were published under the agreement as stated in the final article. The Creative Commons Attribution License permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and allows the commercial use of published articles. 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+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 23488; 10.1038/srep23488published online: 03222016; updated: 04222016In this Article, Affiliation 2 was omitted for Jing Zhang. The correct affiliation is listed below:College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China."}
+{"text": "A phase 3 trial (TENDER) demonstrated the efficacy of the interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor TCZ in pts with sjia ,2.To investigate progression of radiographic joint damage in pts with sjia treated with TCZ for up to 2 years in TENDER.112 pts 2-17 yrs old with active, refractory sjia of \u22656 months' duration and inadequate response to previous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral corticosteroids were enrolled in TENDER. Pts were randomised 2:1 to receive TCZ according to body weight (12 mg/kg <30 kg or 8 mg/kg \u226530 kg) or placebo IV every 2 wks for 12 wks. Pts then received open-label TCZ in the ongoing long-term extension. Radiographic progression was calculated as change in adapted Sharp/van der Heijde score (ash) score and/or Poznanski score, assessed on hand and wrist radiographs, from baseline to wks 52 and 104. Radiographic progression was indicated by a positive ash score change or negative Poznanski score change. Clinical efficacy endpoints included American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Paediatric (Pedi) 70/90 responses.Baseline and \u22651 postbaseline ash and Poznanski scores were available for 47 and 33 pts, respectively . Baseline characteristics for pts with radiographic data were similar to the whole TCZ population [Though changes in radiographic scores over time were seen in many pts, on average, pts with sjia did not experience noticeable progression of radiographic damage over 2 yrs of treatment with TCZ.C. Malattia: None declared., N. Ruperto Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, merckserono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, merckserono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, Boehringer, BMS, Novartis, Astellas, Italfarmaco, medimmune, Pfizer, Roche, E. Palmisani: None declared., S. Pederzoli: None declared., A. Pistorio: None declared., H. I. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, medimmune, EMD Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Janssen, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, R. Cuttica Speakers Bureau: Roche, Abbott, Pfizer, Novartis, BMS, I. Calvo: None declared., S. M. Garay: None declared., D. Eleftheriou: None declared., C. Wouters: None declared., J. Wang Employee of: Roche Products Ltd, C. Devlin Employee of: Roche Products Ltd, D. Lovell Grant/Research Support from: NIH, Consultant for: astrazeneca, Centocor, Janssen, Wyeth, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Genentech, Speakers Bureau: Roche, Genentech, A. Martini Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, merckserono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, merckserono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, Boehringer, BMS, Novartis, Astellas, Italfarmaco, medimmune, Pfizer, Roche, F. De Benedetti Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, Pfizer, BMS, Roche, Novimmune, Novartis, SOBI, A. Ravelli: None declared."}
+{"text": "P. Anversa, Boston, USAJ.J.M. Bergeron, Montreal, CanadaM. Bhatia, Christchurch, New ZealandO. Binah, Haifa, IsraelH.E. Blum, Freiburg, GermanyT.B. Bolton, London, UKC. Bona, New York, USAM.D. Bootman, Cambridge, UKN. Bornstein, Tel Aviv, IsraelG. Bussolati, Turin, ItalyK. Camphausen, Bethesda, USAM. Caraglia, Naples, ItalyY.H. Chen, Shanghai, ChinaC.-M. Cheng, Hsinchu, TaiwanS.N. Constantinescu, Brussels, BelgiumP. Doevendans, Utrecht, The NetherlandsB. Eyden, Manchester, UKM.S. Faussone-Pellegrini, Florence, ItalyW. Franke, Heidelberg, GermanyL. Frati, Rome, ItalyT. Fujimoto, Nagoya, JapanP.M. Glazer, New Haven, USAJ. Gooch, Atlanta, USAH. zur Hausen, Heidelberg, GermanyA.M. Hofer, Boston, USAR.E. Horch, Erlangen, GermanyO. Hovatta, Huddinge, SwedenS.S. Hu, Beijing, ChinaJ.D. Huizinga, Hamilton, CanadaM. Ivan, Indianapolis, USAB. Jena, Detroit, USAY.T. Konttinen, Helsinki, FinlandT. Kornberg, San Francisco, USAS. Kostin, Bad Nauheim, GermanyR.C. Kukreja, Richmond, VA, USAR. Langer, Cambridge, USAJ.W. Lawler, Boston, USAF. Lupu, Oklahoma City, USAJ. Meldolesi, Milan, ItalyM. Mercola, San Diego, USAV.M. Miller, Rochester, USAK. Morgan, Boston, USAJ.F. Morris, Oxford, UKC. Mummery, Utrecht, The NetherlandsF. Murad, Houston, USAD.F. Mure\u015fanu, Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaH. O\u2019Neil, Canberra, AustraliaK.P. Nephew, Bloomington, USAM. Pesce, Milan, ItalyO.H. Petersen, Liverpool, UKN.C. Popescu, Bethesda, USAD. Pozo, Sevilla, SpainM.Z. Ratajczak, Louisville, USAU. Ripamonti, Johannesburg, South AfricaJ. Rubin, Bethesda, USAA. Samali, Galway, IrelandP.R. Sanberg, Tampa, USAR.C. dos Santos Goldenberg Rio de Janeiro, BrasilM. Simionescu, Bucharest, RomaniaG.W. Sledge, Indiana, USAR.V. Stan, Hanover, USAG. Steinhoff, Rostock, GermanyM. St\u00fcrzl, Erlangen, GermanyM. Taggart, Newcastle upon Tyne, UKA. Tosaki, Debrecen, HungaryN.A. Turner, Leeds, UKC.A. Vacanti, Boston, USAA. Vaheri, Helsinki, FinlandL. V\u00e9csei, Szeged, HungaryV. Velculescu, Baltimore, USAC. Wang, Beijing, ChinaR.A. Wang, Xi\u2019an, ChinaB. Winblad, Stockholm, SwedenC. Zhang, Newark, USAM. Leabu, Bucharest, RomaniaAsia OfficeX. Wang, Shanghai, ChinaH. Amin, Houston, USAK. Cheng, Los Angeles, CA, USAL. Chirieac, Boston, USASanda M. Ciontea, Bucharest, RomaniaV. Cismasiu, Oxford, UKCamelia Iancu-Rubin, New York, USAElisa-Anamaria Liehn, Aachen, GermanyN.I. Moldovan, Columbus, USAM. Oprica, Stockholm, SwedenA.G. Papavassiliou, Athens, GreeceR.A. Towner, Oklahoma City, USAD. Cretoiu, Bucharest, RomaniaC.G. Manole, Bucharest, RomaniaM.E. Hinescu, Bucharest, RomaniaJournal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, P.O. Box 35-29, Bucharest 35, Romania. Tel./Fax: +40 21 312 4885. E-mail: editors@jcmm.orgJournal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ UK. Tel.: +44 1865 776868 Fax: +44 1865 714591.jcmm@wiley.com)Production Editor: Jeremy Chua , Short Communications, Editorials and Points of View, as well as Letters to the Editor. From time to time the journal publishes Retro-views of significant ideas and discoveries, and Commentaries.The http://www.wileyopenaccess.com/details/content/12f25db4c87/Copyright--License.html.From12th September 2012 all articles accepted by the Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine are fully open access: immediately freely available to read, download and share. All articles accepted from 12th September 2012 are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. Articles accepted before this date were published under the agreement as stated in the final article. The Creative Commons Attribution License permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and allows the commercial use of published articles. 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+{"text": "Kathleen McCaffrey has been added as the third author. The updated author order is as follows: Niyas Kudukkil Pulloor, Sajith Nair, Kathleen McCaffrey, Aleksandar D. Kostic, Pradeep Bist, Jeremy D. Weaver, Andrew M. Riley, Richa Tyagi, Pradeep D. Uchil, John D. York, Solomon H. Snyder, Adolfo Garc\u00eda-Sastre, Barry V. L. Potter, Rongtuan Lin, Stephen B. Shears, Ramnik J. Xavier, Manoj N. Krishnan.The second, third, fourth, and fifth authors, Sajith Nair, Kathleen McCaffrey, Aleksandar D. Kostic, and Pradeep Bist, should be noted as contributing equally to this work.Kathleen McCaffrey is affiliated with 1: Program on Emerging Infectious Diseases, DUKE-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore. Her current address is: Cellular Protein Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.The correct citation is: Pulloor NK, Nair S, McCaffrey K, Kostic AD, Bist P, et al. (2014) Human Genome-Wide RNAi Screen Identifies an Essential Role for Inositol Pyrophosphates in Type-I Interferon Response. PLoS Pathog 10(2): e1003981. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003981.The originally published The corrected version of"}
+{"text": "After publication of this work , we noteCaroline Murphy, Joanna Kelly, John Hodsoll, Evangelos Georgiou, Lloyd Morgan, Christopher Rowson, Victoria Cole, Fatima Jichi, and Andrew Pickles."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 2626910.1038/srep26269; published online: 05192016; updated: 08012016In this Article, Wen Jiang is incorrectly affiliated with:Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville FL, 32224, USA.The correct affiliation is listed below:Department of Radiation Oncology, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd Houston TX, 77030, USA."}
+{"text": "After publication of the original article  it was fMTH, NS, and SJL drafted the manuscript. NS, NL, and JT devised and performed LCMS analyses. NJW, NPJD, and AMD conceived of the study. SD, MTH, RJM, MAF, MMUH, MAH, SMo, SMi, CJW, and AG contributed to the design. MTH, SJL, SD, RJM, HWFK, KP, PC, KS, and KC provided clinical and diagnostic data collection and critically revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript."}
+{"text": "IL-1\u03b2, an inflammatory cytokine, plays an important role in SJIA, a rare autoinflammatory disease. Canakinumab (CAN), a selective fully human, anti-IL-1\u03b2 monoclonal antibody, is reported to be efficacious in treating SJIA.To characterize changes in peripheral blood gene expression and inflammatory proteins in SJIA patients (pts) treated with CAN and to identify baseline biomarkers that predict clinical response to CAN treatment.Levels of inflammatory biomarkers  and gene expression profiles of active SJIA pts (aged 2-19 yrs) before and during CAN treatment enrolled in 2 phase III trials were analyzed.Transcriptional changes upon CAN treatment at Day 3 were assessed. When applying cut-offs of \u22652 fold and p \u2264 0.05, no transcript passed this filter for placebo pts and for CAN pts that were ACR30 (adapted pediatric ACR) non-responders at Day 15, while 171 probesets passed the filter for pts showing \u2265ACR30 response. Pts who showed strong transcriptional changes also showed a strong ACR response (\u2265ACR50) at Day 15, while pts with <ACR50 at Day 15 showed a much weaker transcriptional response at Day 3. Strongly repressed genes included many known inflammation and innate immunity-related genes , including several members of the IL-1\u03b2 signaling pathway, such as IL1\u03b2, IL1R1, IL1R2 and IL1RAP. A set of transcripts was identified for which high baseline expression levels predicted a subgroup of strong (\u2265ACR50) responders at Day 15. However, another subgroup of strong responders was indistinguishable from weak responders (\u2264ACR30) based on baseline transcript levels.IL-6 protein levels were strongly reduced by Day 3 , and at Day 29  while total IL18 levels remained largely unchanged until Day 29 and showed a moderate reduction only at Day 57. For IL6, stronger reduction at Day 3 and Day 29 was observed for pts who showed stronger ACR response at Day 15. Only 3 baseline samples were available from pts who developed macrophage activation syndrome during the studies.CAN treatment resulted in a rapid, strong reduction of many pro-inflammatory leukocyte transcripts and serum IL6. Compared with IL6, IL18 protein levels were reduced upon treatment much later and less strongly. About two thirds of pts with a strong treatment response (\u2265ACR50) were characterized by a set of leukocyte transcripts with high baseline levels and strong reduction upon CAN treatment. However, the remaining one third of CAN strong responders did not show these characteristic transcriptional patterns, suggesting some heterogeneity at the molecular level in SJIA pts showing strong response to CAN treatment.N. Nirmala Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, N. Wulffraat Grant/Research Support from: Roche, Abbott, Consultant for: Novartis, Pfizer, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, Medimmune, EMD Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Jannsen, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, P. Quartier Grant/Research Support from: Abbvie, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Consultant for: Abbott/Abbvie, BMS, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Servier, SOBI, Speakers Bureau: Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, R. Brik Grant/Research Support from: Novartis, Consultant for: Novartis, L. Mccann: None declared., H. Ozdogan Grant/Research Support from: Novartis, L. Rutkowska-Sak: None declared., R. Schneider Consultant for: Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Innomar Stragegies, V. Gerloni: None declared., L. Harel: None declared., M. Terreri: None declared., K. Houghton: None declared., R. Joos: None declared., D. Kingsbury: None declared., J. Lopez-Benitez: None declared., S. Radominski Grant/Research Support from: BMS, Novartis, Amgem, Pfizer, Sanofi, Janssen, Roche, Speakers Bureau: BMS, Pfizer, Sanofi, Janssen, GSK, A. Brachat Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, S. Bek Employee of: Novartis, M. Schumacher Employee of: Novartis, M. Valentin Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, H. Gram Employee of: Novartis, K. Abrams Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, A. Martini Consultant for: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences gmbh, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., Speakers Bureau: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Astrazeneca, Glaxo Smith and Kline, N. Ruperto Grant/Research Support from: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences gmbh, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., Speakers Bureau: Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Janssen Biologics B.V., Roche, Wyeth/Pfizer, D. Lovell Grant/Research Support from: NIH, Consultant for: Astra-Zeneca, Centocor, Jansen, Wyeth, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffman La-Roche, Novartis, Genentech, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, Roche."}
+{"text": "University of GlasgowCR-UK Beatson LabsGarscube Estate, Switchback Road,Bearsden, GlasgowG61 1BDUnited KingdomTel: +(0)141 330 2306Fax: +(0)141 942 6521p.adams@beatson.gla.ac.ukEmail: Huffington Center on Aging and Dept ofMolecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineOne Baylor Plaza, Room M-320Houston, TX 77030 USATel: +1 713 798 6661Fax: +1 713 798 4161aantebi@bcm.tmc.eduEmail: Max Planck Institute for Biology of AgeingGleuelerstr. 50AD-50931 KoelnGermanyDepts of Development and MolecularBiology and of MedicineAlbert Einstein College of Medicine1300 Morris Park AveBronx, NY 10461 USATel: +1 718 430 2689Fax: +1 718 430 8975ana-maria.cuervo@einstein.yu.eduEmail: President and CEOBuck Institute for Age Research8001 Redwood Blvd.Novato, CA 94945Tel: 415 209 2040Fax: 415 899 1810bkennedy@buckinstitute.orgEmail: John Sedivy,Brown University, USAjohn_sedivy@brown.eduEmail: Genes and functional genomicsAndrzej Bartke, S. Illinois Univ., USALucio Comai, Univ. of Southern California, USAClaudio Franceschi, Univ. of Bologna, ItalyDavid Gems, UCL, UKJing-Dong Jackie Han, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ChinaMatt Kaeberlein, Univ. of Washington, USACynthia Kenyon, UCSF, USASiu Sylvia Lee, Cornell Univ., USAValter Longo, Univ. of S. California, USAColleen T Murphy, Princeton Univ., USASang Chul Park, Well Aging Research Center, KoreaLinda Partridge, UCL, UKMarc Tatar, Brown Univ., USAStefan Schreiber, Christian-Albrechts-Universit\u00e4t, GermanyXiao-Li Tian, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking Univ., ChinaJan Vijg, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USAEpigeneticsShelley Berger, Univ. of Pennsylvania, USAAnne Brunet, Stanford Univ., USAMario F Fraga, CNB/CSIC and IUOPA, SpainMasashi Narita, Univ. of Cambridge, USACell proliferation, senescence and deathFabrizio d\u2019Adda di Fagagna, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, ItalyMaria Blasco, Spanish Nat. Cancer Center, SpainJudith Campisi, Lawrence Berkeley Nat. Laboratory, USASandy Chang, MD Anderson Cancer Center, USAYosef Gruenbaum, the Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, IsraelThorsten Hoppe, Univ. of Cologne, GermanyPeter Hornsby, UTHSC at San Antonio, USAEun Seong Hwang, Univ. of Seoul, KoreaPidder Jansen-D\u00fcrr, Inst. for Biomed. Aging Res., AustriaBrad Johnson, Univ. of Pennsylvania, USAJan Karlseder, Salk Inst. for Biological Studies, USAJoao Passos, Newcastle Univ., UKManuel Serrano, Spanish Nat. Cancer Res. Center, SpainThomas von Zglinicki, Univ. of Newcastle, UKSignaling and gene expressionJohan Auwerx, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale, SwitzerlandT Keith Blackwell, Joslin Diabetes Center, USAMarcia Haigis, Harvard Medical School, USAShin-ichiro Imai, Washington Univ., USAPankaj Kapahi, Buck Institute, USADavid Lombard, Univ. of Michigan, USAJeffrey S Smith, University of Virginia, USAGiulio Taglialatela, Univ. of Texas Medical Branch, USACell stress and damageMartin Brand, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, UKDonato Di Monte, German Center for Neurodegenrative Diseases, GermanyDeborah A Ferrington, Univ. of Minnesota, USAToren Finkel, NIH, USAJudith Frydman, Stanford Univ., USABrad Gibson, Buck Institute for Age Research, USARobert Goldman, Northwestern Univ., USAMing Guo, Univ. of California, USAMalcolm Jackson, Univ. of Liverpool, UKUrsula Jakob, Univ. of Michigan, USANils-G\u00f6ran Larsson, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, GermanyRichard A Miller, Univ. of Michigan Dept of Pathology and Geriatrics CenterVincent Monnier, Case Western Reserve Univ., USAPeter Rabinovitch, Univ. of Washington, USAGerald S Shadel, Yale University School of Medicine, USAHolly Van Remmen, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, USAStem cells and agingVictoria Ballard, GlaxoSmithKline, USAMark R Cookson, National Institute on Aging, USAJay Edelberg, Cornell Univ., USAHeinrich Jasper, Buck Insititute, USAThomas Nystrom, Goteborg Univ., SwedenBradley Olwin, Univ. of Colorado, USACharlotte Peterson, Univ. of Kentucky, USAThomas A Rando, Stanford Univ., USAClifford J Rosen, Tufts Univ. School of Medicine, USAAshok Shetty, Inst. for Regenerative Medicine at Texas A&M Health Science Center and Scott & White, Temple, TXImmunologyBonnie Blomberg, Univ. of Miami Miller, School of Medicine, USADaniel Goldstein, Yale Univ., USALaura Haynes, Trudeau Inst., USAJanet M Lord, MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, UKJanko Nikolich-Zugich, Univ. of Arizona, USASusan Swain, Univ. of Massachusetts, USAJoanne Turner, Ohio State Univ., USAIntegrative physiologyJulie K Andersen, Buck Inst. for Age Research, USASteven J. Burden, New York Univ., USAQian Chen, Brown Univ., USACheryl Conover, Mayo Clinic, USARafael De Cabo, Nat. Inst. on Aging, USALuigi Fontana, Washington Univ., USA & Salerno Univ., ItalyLaura Haynes, Tudeau Inst., USAJames Kirkland, Mayo Clinic, USASimin Meydani, Tufts Univ., USARalph Nixon, NYU School of Med., USAHenry L Paulson, Univ. of Michigan, USABrun Ulfhake, Karolinska Inst., SwedenJean Wei, Univ. of Arkansas, USABiodemography and comparative studiesRichard M Cawthon, Univ. of Utah, USAKaare Christensen, Univ. of S. Denmark, DenmarkVera Gorbunova, Univ. of Rochester, USANicola Neretti, Brown University, USAScott Pletcher, Huffi ngton Center of Aging, USAEline Slagboom, Univ. of Leiden, NetherlandsYousin Suh, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USATheories of aging and longevitySteven Austad, Univ. of Texas, USATom Kirkwood, Univ. of Newcastle, UKDaniel Promislow, University of Georgia, USAAging Cell is to publish the highest quality, innovative research addressing fundamental issues in the biology of aging. For publication in Aging Cell, the work must provide a major new contribution to the understanding of aging and be of general interest to the community. Aging Cell seeks to cover all areas of geroscience, highlighting research that uncovers mechanistic aspects of the aging process, as well as the links between aging and age-related disease. Observations of novel aging processes without substantial mechanistic insight will be considered, but should be of especially high impact for the field. Topics including, but not limited to, nutrient-responsive signaling pathways, neuronal and endocrine signaling pathways, tissue interactions, genetic and epigenetic regulation and integrity, proteostasis, circadian rhythms, ROS and mitochondria, cellular senescence, stem cells, progerias and interventions that affect aging are encouraged. All experimental approaches, including plant models, are welcome. Papers that focus on the pathogenesis of a specific age-related pathology are also of interest, but should offer new insights into the fundamental links between aging and disease.The aim of Open Access and Copyright. All articles published by Aging Cell are fully open access: immediately freely available to read, download and share. All Aging Cell articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and allows the commercial use of published articles.http://www.wileyopenaccess.com/details/content/12f25db4c87/Copyright--License.html.Copyright on any research article in a journal published by Aging Cell is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Wiley a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified. Further information about open access license and copyright can be found on Use by commercial \u2018for-profi t\u2019 organisations. Use of Wiley Open Access articles for commercial, promotional, or marketing purposes requires further explicit permission from Wiley  and will be subject to a fee. 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+{"text": "Diagnostics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015.The editors of Aarsland, DagHansen, Martin LundsgaardNumata, KazushiAbergel, DanielHendlisz, AlainPark, IlwooAshford, J. WessonHeusch, PhilippPasieka, Janice L.\u00c5ste, S\u00f8vikHoerr, RobertPatal, KevalBandelow, StephanHyde, ByronPeterson, Lanell MBarnes, AnnaIhle, AndreasRindi, GuidoBeiderwellen, Karsten J.Ilan, EzgiSalvatore, VeronicaBertolotto, MicheleIsmail, ZahinoorSantoni-Rugiu, EricBlacksburg, Seth R. Jia, LiScholz, SonjaBors\u00f2, ElisaJones, LaundetteSch\u00fctte, KerstinBourne, RogerKairemo, KaleviShen, BaozhongBradshaw, TylerKamel, Ihab R.Shultz, Michael DBrown, Jeremy M.Kamrava, MitchellSlart, Riemer H.J.A.Brurberg, Kjetil GundroKim, Sang-WeSorbye, HalfdanCalliada, FabrizioKratochwil, ClemensStomrud, ErikChan, Christopher L. H.Krinsky-McHale, Sharon J.Sun, ShishengChen, JunjieKwee, Sandi A.Travers, CatherineChitneni, Satish K.Lassau, NathalieTsuji, YoshihisaCintron, Jos\u00e9 R.Lee, ZhenghongTsukada, HideoCook, Gary J. R.Lee, NohyunVashist, Sandeep K.Cordell, Cyndy B.Lee-Kong, Steven A.Wallin, AndersCornud, Fran\u00e7oisLi, XuesongWalrand, StephanDe Buck Van Overstraete, AntonyLoffroy, RomaricWalte, WittichEsposito, GiuseppeMadsen, Jan LysgrdWeisbrod, Allison B.Evangelista, LauraMcClain, Steve A.Wong, AdrianEykyn, Thomas R.Moore, Christopher L.Yeung, Raymond SFacal, DavidMormile, RaffaellaYu, LeiFieguth, PaulMorovat, RezaZarrinpar, AliGazerani, ParisaNackley, AndreaZimmer, LucGoetze, Thorsten OliverNacul, Luis CZukotynski, Katherine A.Gupta, Vivek K.Niemz, AngelikaHall, Daniel L.Nishikimi, ToshioWe greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. In addition, MDPI has launched a collaboration with Publons, a website that seeks to publicly acknowledge reviewers on a per journal basis. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make."}
+{"text": "Homo naledi, which displays a unique combination of primitive and derived traits throughout the skeleton.More than 1500 fossils from the Rising Star cave system in South Africa have been assigned to a new human species,  Related research articles Berger LR, Hawks J, de Ruiter DJ, Churchill SE, Schmid P, Delezene LK, Kivell TL, Garvin HM, Williams SA, DeSilva JM, Skinner MM, Musiba CM, Cameron N, Holliday TW, Harcourt-Smith W, Ackermann RR, Bastir M, Bogin B, Bolter D, Brophy J, Cofran ZD, Congdon KA, Deane AS, Dembo M, Drapeau M, Elliott MC, Feuerriegel EM, Garcia-Martinez D, Green DJ, Gurtov A, Irish JD, Kruger A, Laird MF, Marchi D, Meyer MR, Nalla S, Negash EW, Orr CM, Radovcic D, Schroeder L, Scott JE, Throckmorton Z, Tocheri MW, VanSickle C, Walker CS, Wei P, Zipfel B. 2015. Homo naledi, a new species of the genus Homo from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa. eLife4:e09560. doi: 10.7554/eLife.09560; Dirks PHGM, Berger LR, Roberts EM, Kramers JD, Hawks J, Randolph-Quinney PS, Elliott M, Musiba CM, Churchill SE, de Ruiter DJ, Schmid P, Backwell LR, Belyanin GA, Boshoff P, Hunter KL, Feuerriegel EM, Gurtov A, Harrison JG, Hunter R, Kruger A, Morris H, Makhubela TV, Peixotto B, Tucker S. 2015. Geological and taphonomic context for the new hominin species Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa. eLife4:e09561. doi: 10.7554/eLife.09561Image Fossils representing at least 15 individuals of Homo naledi have been foundeLife, we can see what the fuss was all about as Lee Berger of the University of the Witwatersrand, Paul Dirks of James Cook University and an international team of colleagues report the discovery of more than 1500 fossils that represent at least 15 individuals , but they are relatively small and simple, and set in lightly built jawbones  or indirectly based on ancient DNA samples. For example, after ancient DNA was successfully recovered from the Sima de los Huesos fossils, it was used to date them to about 400,000 years old (Frustratingly, the rich and informative ears old . Moreoveears old .H. naledi skeletons provides yet another indication that the genus Homo had complex origins. The individual mix of primitive and derived characteristics in different fossils perhaps even indicates that the genus Homo might be \u2018polyphyletic\u2019: in other words, some members of the genus might have originated independently in different regions of Africa. If this is the case, it would mean that the species currently placed within the genus Homo would need to be reassessed (Homo, the continuing surprises emerging from further south remind us that Africa is a huge continent that even now is largely unexplored for its early human fossils.Even without date information, the mosaic nature of the assessed . While m"}
+{"text": "The authors regret that the BraDP1T consortium were not named in the author listing of their original paper. The correct listing appears above.Please see below for a full list of Collaborators (16):Maskell DJ, Tucker AW, Peters SE, Weinert LA, Wang JT, Luan SL, Chaudhuri RR, Rycroft AN, Maglennon GA, Matthews D, Langford PR, Boss\u00e9 JT, Li Y, Wren BW, Cuccui J, Terra VS.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused."}
+{"text": "Interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA). Efficacy and safety of canakinumab (CAN), a selective, fully human, anti- IL-1\u03b2 monoclonal antibody, have been demonstrated in 2 phase III trials. Here we present 12-week results of a post-hoc pooled analysis.To evaluate the 12-week efficacy of CAN 4 mg/kg in treatment na\u00efve patients (pts).Data from the 3 trials done as part of the phase III program were pooled for this analysis. Pts aged 2-19 yrs with active SJIA were enrolled and received subcutaneous CAN 4 mg/kg or placebo. The post-hoc analysis presented here focuses on SJIA response to CAN therapy in the initial treatment period of a total of 178 CAN-na\u00efve pts. Methodological factors precluded a comparator group, so this analysis is of a descriptive nature.At baseline (BL), 94% of pts had intermittent spiking fever due to SJIA; and 73% were on steroids (mean dose of 0.38 mg/kg/d). In the pooled analysis N = 178), by Week 2 evidence of profound clinical benefit was observed  decreased from a mean of 67 mm at BL to 22 mm at Week 2 and 11 mm at Week 12. The median CHAQ disability score decreased from 1.8 at BL to 0.6 at Week 2 and 0.3 at Week 12. Between BL and Week 12, the median physicians' global assessment of SJIA activity  decreased from 70 mm to 3 mm and the parents'/patients' assessment of overall well-being improved from 63 mm to 4.5 mm.Based on this post-hoc analysis, response of the SJIA patients studied for the phase III program of CAN showed a rapid and clinically important improvement of their disease by Week 12 of therapy, with an aacr 50 or higher responses reached by the majority of the CAN-na\u00efve pts within 2 weeks after the initial CAN dose.P. Quartier Grant/Research Support from: Abbvie, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Consultant for: Abbott/Abbvie, BMS, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Servier, SOBI, Speakers Bureau: Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, Medimmune, EMD, Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Jannsen, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, T. Constantin: None declared., S. Padeh: None declared., I. Calvo: None declared., M. Erguven: None declared., L. Goffin: None declared., M. Hofer Grant/Research Support from: Novartis, T. Kallinich Grant/Research Support from: Novartis, Speakers Bureau: Roche, Novartis, ALK, S. Oliveira Grant/Research Support from: Novartis, Y. Uziel Consultant for: Novartis, S. Viola Consultant for: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences gmbh, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., K. Nistala: None declared., C. Wouters Grant/Research Support from: Novartis Belgium, Roche Belgium, GSK immunoinflammation USA, K. Lheritier Employee of: Novartis, J. Hruska Employee of: Novartis, K. Abrams Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, A. Martini Consultant for: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences gmbh, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., Speakers Bureau: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Astrazeneca, Glaxo Smith and Kline, N. Ruperto Grant/Research Support from: To Gaslini Hospital: Abbott, Astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor Research & Development, Eli Lilly and Company, \"Francesco Angelini\", Glaxo Smith & Kline, Italfarmaco, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences gmbh, Xoma, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., Speakers Bureau: Astrazeneca, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Janssen Biologics B.V., Roche, Wyeth/Pfizer, D. Lovell Grant/Research Support from: NIH, Consultant for: Astra-Zeneca, Centocor, Jansen, Wyeth, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffman La-Roche, Novartis, Genentech, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, Roche."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 21111; 10.1038/srep21111 published online: 02172016; updated: 05202016.In this Article, there is an error in the Introduction section.\u201cGlobally, there are only a small number of polycerate native sheep breeds, including Jacob, Manx Loaghtan, Hebridean, Navajo-Churro, Icelandic sheep, Because nowadays there are no four-horned Finnish Landrace sheep. Altay sheep and Chinese Sishui Fur sheep \u201d.should read:\u201cGlobally, there are only a small number of polycerate native sheep breeds, including Jacob, Manx Loaghtan, Hebridean, Navajo-Churro, Icelandic sheep, Altay sheep and Chinese Sishui Fur sheep \u201d."}
+{"text": "AbstractTrichoptera species records is presented here. A total of 625 species were recorded for Brazil. This represents an increase of 65.34% new species recorded during the last decade. The Hydropsychidae (124 spp.), followed by the Hydroptilidae (102 spp.) and Polycentropodidae (97 spp.), are the families with the greatest richness recorded for Brazil. The knowledge on Trichoptera biodiversity in Brazil is geographically unequal. The majority of the species is recorded for the southeastern region.A second assessment of Brazilian  Biodiversity data should be made widely available online to better inform conservation of natural resources and advancement of natural sciences. Meta-analysis in molecular biology and others areas is currently a major source for understanding complex biological systems . CheckliTrichoptera checklist was published by Trichoptera taxonomists with a Ph.D working and residing in Brazil has increased, but is still low . More comprehensive checklists with detailed distribution of species would be even more useful in biodiversity analysis and decision making.The first Brazilian Trichoptera is presented here with the addition of a historical account of the growth of knowledge on caddisflies in Brazil. This example can be used to understand how growth of an area of study benefits from cooperation and investment.The second checklist of Brazilian http://lattes.cnpq.br/, which is a federal database of scientists in Brazil. The researchers searched for the keywords Trichoptera, caddisflies, and caddisfly. Searches were concluded in September, 2014.To update the checklist we consulted the \u201cPlataforma Lattes, base de dados de curr\u00edculos do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq), Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o \u2013 Brazil\", available in Trichoptera Checklist was performed on the following databases. The \u201cWeb of Science\u201d was searched for Trichoptera and Brazil. All results from this search were examined. The other databases searched were \u201cThe Trichoptera World Checklist\u201d, mantained by Dr. John C. Morse, Clemson University, USA; \u201cBrazilian Caddisflies: Checklist and Bibliography\u201d, mantained by Dr. Jorge L. Nessimian research team, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and \u201cIndex to Organism Names\u201d, mantained by Thomson Reuters.The search for compiling the Brazilian The acronyms used for Brazilian states are as listed: AC (Acre), AL (Alagoas), AM (Amazonas), AP (Amap\u00e1), BA (Bahia), CE (Cear\u00e1), DF , ES (Esp\u00edrito Santo), GO (Goi\u00e1s), MA (Maranh\u00e3o), MG (Minas Gerais), MT (Mato Grosso), MS (Mato Grosso do Sul), PA (Par\u00e1), PB (Para\u00edba), PE (Pernambuco), PI (Piau\u00ed), PR (Paran\u00e1), RJ (Rio de Janeiro), RN (Rio Grande do Norte), RO (Rond\u00f4nia), RR (Roraima), RS (Rio Grande do Sul), SC (Santa Catarina), SE (Sergipe), SP (S\u00e3o Paulo), TO (Tocantins). Brazil is divided in political regions as following: North , Northeast , Southeast , Midwest  and South .State names presented in bold letters indicate a new state record from literature.Flint, 1969Holzenthal and Flint Jr 1995Holzenthal & Robertson, 2006Rio de JaneiroHolzenthal & Robertson, 2006Sao PauloJardim & Nessimian, 2011Rio de JaneiroHolzenthal & Flint, 1995Rio de JaneiroHolzenthal & Robertson, 2006Minas GeraisHolzenthal, 1997Dumas & Nessimian, 2008Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloDumas and Nessimian 2012M\u00fcller, 1880Prather 2003(Ulmer), 1905Bahia, Ceara, Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloQuinteiro et al. 2014Prather, 2003AmazonasUlmer, 1905Sao PauloGoias, Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Calor 2011Prather, 2003AmazonasPrather, 2003Sao PauloPrather, 2003Bahia, Ceara, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloQuinteiro et al. 2014M\u00fcller, 1880Santa Catarina, Sao PauloPrather 2003Banks, 1915Parana, RondoniaPrather 2003Quinteiro & Calor, 2011Sao PauloSantos & Nessimian, 2010AmazonasPrather, 2003AmazonasFlint, 1974RoraimaAmazonas, Paraiba, Parana, Rondonia, Prather 2003Prather, 2003RondoniaM\u00fcller, 1880Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloPrather 2003Dumas & Nessimian, 2010Bahia, Rio de JaneiroQuinteiro et al. 2014Nav\u00e1s, 1931Bahia, Ceara, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa CatarinaQuinteiro et al. 2014Prather, 2003Bahia, Minas GeraisFlint, 1983Santa CatarinaPrather 2003Prather, 2003Sao PauloPrather, 2003ParanaSchmid, 1955Flint Jr and Denning 1989Thomson & Holzenthal, 2010Minas GeraisFlint & Denning, 1989AmazonasFlint & Denning, 1989ParaAmazonas, Dumas et al. 2010Thomson & Holzenthal, 2010Minas GeraisFlint & Denning, 1989Sao PauloThomson & Holzenthal, 2010Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloFlint, 1983Minas GeraisFlint & Denning, 1989Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloMinas Gerais, Calor 2011Thomson & Holzenthal, 2010Rio de Janeiro, Minas GeraisAngrisano, 1994ParanaBlahnik et al. 2004Mosely, 1939Mosely, 1939Santa CatarinaRobertson & Holzenthal, 2006Sao Paulo, ParanaM\u00fcller, 1888Robertson and Holzenthal 2011Robertson & Holzenthal, 2011Rio de Janeiro(Flint), 1971AmazonasRobertson and Holzenthal 2011Robertson & Holzenthal, 2011Sao Paulo(Mosely), 1939Santa CatarinaRobertson and Holzenthal 2011Robertson & Holzenthal, 2011Minas GeraisRobertson & Holzenthal, 2011Sao PauloRobertson & Holzenthal, 2011Sao PauloRobertson & Holzenthal, 2011Minas GeraisRobertson & Holzenthal, 2011Rio de JaneiroRobertson & Holzenthal, 2011Minas Gerais(Flint), 1974Santa CatarinaRobertson and Holzenthal 2011Robertson & Holzenthal, 2011Minas GeraisRobertson & Holzenthal, 2011Sao PauloRobertson & Holzenthal, 2011Sao PauloRobertson & Holzenthal, 2011Rio de JaneiroUlmer, 1906Blahnik and Holzenthal 2008Blahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Santa CatarinaBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Minas Gerais, Rio de JaneiroUlmer, 1907Santa Catarina, Sao PauloBlahnik and Holzenthal 2011Blahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Rio de JaneiroBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011PernambucoSouza et al. 2013aBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Sao Paulo(Flint), 1974Santa CatarinaBlahnik and Holzenthal 2011Blahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Rio de JaneiroBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Minas Gerais, Sao PauloBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Rio de JaneiroBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Sao PauloBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Santa CatarinaBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Sao PauloBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Rio de JaneiroBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Santa CatarinaBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Sao Paulo(Mosely), 1939Santa CatarinaBlahnik and Holzenthal 2011Blahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Minas GeraisBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Santa CatarinaBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Minas Gerais, Rio de JaneiroBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Minas Gerais(Mosely), 1939Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloDumas and Nessimian 2012Blahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Minas GeraisBlahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Minas Gerais(Mosely), 1939Santa CatarinaBlahnik and Holzenthal 2011Blahnik & Holzenthal, 2011Santa CatarinaBanks, 1904Flint Jr 1996Flint, 1971AmazonasFlint, 1983Minas GeraisBlahnik et al. 2004Flint, 1971Amazonas, ParaMosely, 1939Santa CatarinaFlint, 1971Para, RoraimaAmazonas, Flint Jr 1991Flint, 1971AmazonasSantos & Nessimian, 2009Amazonas, ParaFlint, 1971ParaFlint, 1971AmazonasFlint, 1971Amazonas, ParaFlint, 1971AmazonasFlint, 1971AmazonasFlint, 1971AmazonasSchmid, 1964Robertson & Holzenthal, 2005Sao PauloSiebold, 1856M\u00fclller 1885Johanson, 2003ParaJohanson, 2003AmazonasJohanson, 2003AmazonasJohanson, 2003Minas Gerais(Ulmer), 1905Amazonas, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloSouza et al. 2013aFlint, 1983Minas Gerais, Santa CatarinaBlahnik et al. 2004Flint, 1972Amazonas, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Para, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloBlahnik et al. 2004Johanson, 2003Minas GeraisJohanson, 2003Amazonas, Para(Swainson), 1840BrazilJohanson & Malm, 2006Minas GeraisJohanson, 1999Santa Catarina, 1855BahiaFlint, 1983Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloMinas Gerais, Parana, Dumas et al. 2009Banks, 1920Santa CatarinaJohanson & Malm, 2006Minas GeraisMachado, 1957Minas GeraisFlint, 1983Santa CatarinaRoss, 1956PernambucoSouza et al. 2013aSilva, Santos & Nessimian, 2014Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloBanks, 1905Schmid 1989Schmid, 1989Minas Gerais, Rio de JaneiroEspirito Santo, Blahnik et al. 2004Schmid, 1989Minas GeraisSchmid, 1989Rio de JaneiroSantos & Holzenthal, 2012Rio de JaneiroSantos & Holzenthal, 2012Sao PauloRoss & King, 1952RoraimaSchmid, 1989Minas Gerais, Sao PauloDumas and Nessimian 2012Schmid, 1989Rio de JaneiroSchmid, 1989Rio de JaneiroSchmid, 1989Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloBlahnik et al. 2004Schmid, 1989Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloBlahnik et al. 2004(Ulmer), 1905Santa CatarinaMarlier, 1964Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloSantos and Holzenthal 2012Flint, 1983Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloBlahnik et al. 2004Ross, 1953Santa CatarinaFlint, 1971AmazonasDenning & Sykora, 1968Sao PauloRio de Janeiro, Calor 2011Flint, 1974Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio deJaneiro, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloDumas et al. 2010Schmid, 1989Minas GeraisBlahnik et al. 2004Ross, 1947Sao PauloMinas Gerais, Calor 2011Santos & Holzenthal, 2012Minas GeraisSchmid, 1989Sao PauloMinas Gerais, Santos and Holzenthal 2012Kolenati, 1859Kolenati, 1859Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Rio de Janeiro, Pernambuco, Parana, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloCosta et al. 2014Ulmer, 1905(Rambur), 1842Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloDumas and Nessimian 2012(Ulmer), 1905Minas Gerais, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloBlahnik et al. 2004Gu\u00e9rin-M\u00e9neville, 1843Flint et al. 1987(Kolenati), 1859Rio de JaneiroFlint, 1978Amazonas, Mato Grosso, RoraimaNogueira and Cabette 2011Dumas & Nessimian, 2009Rio de Janeiro(Ulmer), 1907Mato GrossoBahia, Mato Grosso do Sul, Nogueira and Cabette 2011Mosely, 1933ParaFlint, 2008Rio de JaneiroFlint, McAlpine & Ross, 1987Espirito Santo, Minas GeraisBlahnik et al. 2004Flint, McAlpine & Ross, 1987Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloUlmer, 1905Amazonas, Bahia, Distrito Federal, Goias, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Para, Rondonia, Sao PauloUlmer, 1905Espirito Santo, Goias, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Roraima, Sao Paulo(M\u00fcller), 1921Santa CatarinaJardim, Dumas & Nessimian, 2010Rio de JaneiroFlint, 1978AmazonasFlint, 2008Minas GeraisFlint, McAlpine & Ross, 1987Santa CatarinaFlint, 2008Rio de JaneiroMosely, 1933Mato Grosso, ParaAmazonas, Nogueira and Cabette 2011Gu\u00e9rin-Meneville, 1843Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal, Espirito Santo, Goias, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloCosta et al. 2014Flint, McAlpine & Ross, 1987Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Para, RoraimaCosta et al. 2014Flint, McAlpine & Ross, 1987AmazonasDumas et al. 2010Jardim, Dumas & Nessimian, 2010Rio de JaneiroNav\u00e1s, 1933Sao PauloJardim, Dumas & Nessimian, 2010Rio de Janeiro(Ulmer), 1905Bahia, Distrito Federal, Goias, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Para, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloAmazonas, Costa et al. 2014(Burmeister), 1839Rio de JaneiroFlint, McAlpine & Ross, 1987Amazonas, Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso, ParaDumas et al. 2010Nav\u00e1s, 1916Rio de JaneiroNav\u00e1s, 1923Rio de JaneiroMosely, 1933Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloFlint, McAlpine & Ross, 1987Parana, Sao PauloBlahnik et al. 2004Nav\u00e1s, 1916Bahia, Ceara, Espirito Santo, Goias, Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloCosta et al. 2014Pictet, 1836Flint Jr and Bueno-Soria 1982Flint, 1978AmazonasUlmer, 1905Amazonas, ParaUlmer, 1905Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Santa Catarina, Sao PauloBarcelos-Silva et al. 2012Banks, 1924AmazonasFlint, 1978AmazonasBanks, 1915AmazonasUlmer, 1905Sao PauloRio de Janeiro, Calor 2011Banks, 1924Mato Grosso, Para, RoraimaAmazonas, Minas Gerais, Nogueira and Cabette 2011Mosely, 1934Parana, Sao PauloBanks, 1924AmazonasPictet, 1836BahiaBanks, 1924AmazonasNav\u00e1s, 1932Rio de JaneiroUlmer, 1905AmazonasFlint, 1978AmazonasWalker, 1860Amazonas, Mato Grosso, ParaBanks, 1924Mato Grosso, ParaGu\u00e9rin-Meneville, 1843BrazilKolenati, 1859Fran\u00e7a et al. 2013(Erichson), 1848Mato Grosso, ParaAmazonas, Fran\u00e7a et al. 2013Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloBahia, Fran\u00e7a et al. 2013(Banks), 1924AmazonasFran\u00e7a et al. 2013Fran\u00e7a, Paprocki & Calor, 2013Bahia, Mato Grosso(McLachlan), 1871Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloFran\u00e7a et al. 2013(Banks), 1920Acre, Amazonas, Bahia, Espirito Santo, ParaFran\u00e7a et al. 2013(Pictet), 1836Acre, Bahia, Ceara, Espirito Santo, Mato Grosso, Para, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloFran\u00e7a et al. 2013(Flint), 1978Mato Grosso, ParaAmazonas, Fran\u00e7a et al. 2013Fran\u00e7a, Paprocki & Calor, 2013Bahia(Nav\u00e1s), 1930Sao PauloFran\u00e7a et al. 2013(Ulmer), 1905Acre, Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso, ParaFran\u00e7a et al. 2013(Flint), 1974AmazonasFran\u00e7a et al. 2013(Banks), 1913Acre, Amazonas, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Para, Pernambuco, Rondonia, Roraima, Sao PauloSouza et al. 2013aUlmer, 1906Flint Jr 1983bUlmer, 1906RoraimaAmazonas, Para, Flint Jr 1991(Banks), 1920Santa CatarinaUlmer, 1905Ulmer, 1905Amazonas, ParaMcLachlan, 1871Flint Jr 1989Flint, 1974Mato Grosso, RoraimaAmazonas, Nogueira and Cabette 2011Flint, 1972Mato Grosso, RoraimaAmazonas, Minas Gerais, Albino et al. 2011Albino, Pes & Hamada, 2011MatoGrossoFlint, 1983Santa CatarinaAlbino, Pes & Hamada, 2011Mato GrossoAlbino, Pes & Hamada, 2011Mato Grosso(Ulmer), 1905Santa CatarinaFlint, 1974Amazonas(Ulmer), 1905RoraimaAmazonas, Flint Jr 1991Flint, 1980Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Sao PauloBarcelos-Silva et al. 2012Flint, 1983Sao PauloBlahnik et al. 2004Albino, Pes & Hamada, 2011Mato GrossoFlint, 1972Minas Gerais, ParanaBlahnik et al. 2004Flint, 1978Mato Grosso, ParaNogueira and Cabette 2011Albino, Pes & 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Holzenthal, 2010Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloFlint, 1983Minas Gerais, Parana, Santa CatarinaChamorro and Holzenthal 2010(Yamamoto), 1966Minas GeraisChamorro and Holzenthal 2010Ulmer, 1905Minas Gerais, Santa CatarinaChamorro and Holzenthal 2010Flint, 1983Santa CatarinaChamorro and Holzenthal 2010Chamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Minas GeraisChamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Minas GeraisChamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Minas Gerais, Rio de JaneiroDumas and Nessimian 2012Flint, 1971AmazonasChamorro and Holzenthal 2010Chamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Minas GeraisChamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Minas Gerais, Sao PauloChamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Minas GeraisChamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Rio de JaneiroChamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Minas GeraisChamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Minas GeraisChamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Sao PauloChamorro & Holzenthal, 2010RondoniaHolzenthal & Almeida, 2003Minas Gerais, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Santa CatarinaDumas et al. 2010Flint, 1971AmazonasChamorro and Holzenthal 2010Chamorro & Holzenthal, 2010Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Sao PauloFlint, 1983Santa CatarinaChamorro and Holzenthal 2010M\u00fcller, 1879Flint Jr et al. 1999a, 1855Santa Catarina, Sao PauloBlahnik et al. 2004Schmid, 1955Holzenthal & Blahnik, 2010AmazonasHolzenthal & Blahnik, 2010Sao PauloSchmid, 1982Pes & Hamada, 2013AmazonasAmazonasPes et al. 2005Brauer, 1870Schmid 1982Schmid, 1982Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloDumas et al. 2009Pes & Hamada, 2013Amazonas, Amapa(Marlier), 1964Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao PauloDumas et al. 2010M\u00fcller, 1921BrazilTrichoptera species recorded from Brazil until September, 2014 is 625. This number represents a 65.34% increase in species records since 2004. Ninety percent of the new records were also new species to science. The number of new records since the first Brazilian Checklist is 252, including 223 new species and 29 new country records. The Hydropsychidae rank first in species richness totaling 124 species, followed by Hydroptilidae with 102 species and Polycentropodidae with 97 species. Despite of their ubiquity, caddisflies remain unrecorded in 4 Brazilian states . There is a clear relation between the concentration of universites and researchers and the number of species recorded for a region. Southeastern Brazil, home of the most and the largest universities in Brazil, ranks first with 330 species recorded followed by the Northern region (211 species) and Southern region (165 species). The regions with the greatest lack of knowledge, and which should be considered priorities for Trichoptera inventories, are the Northeast with 74 species and Midwest with 58 species . Brazil has undertaken a major initiative of making scientific collections biodiversity information available online through the Centro de Refer\u00eancias em Informa\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental \u2013 CRIA (www.cria.org.br). The numbers acquired by CRIA (August 2014) are impressive and include data from 358 scientific collections, 5,385,443 georreferenced distribution records, and 447,657 species names. The number of Trichoptera records retrieved from CRIA was 6,404. The linkage between scientific journals and such databases should be greatly improved to achieve open access to biodiversity data.The number of regional inventories published since the first Brazilian st is 10 . It is ist is 10 . PrimaryTrichoptera have been described for Brazil since the first species was recorded in 1833 (Macrostemummaculatum (Perty) 1833. An average of 2.21 species/year were described between 1833 and the publications of the first comprehensive checklist (Over six hundred species of hecklist . Since 2Supplementary material 1Figure 1 sourceData type: spreadsheet, chartFile: oo_8328.xlsxPaprocki, H., Fran\u00e7a, D.Supplementary material 2Figure 2 sourceData type: spreadsheet, chartFile: oo_8329.xlsxPaprocki, H., Fran\u00e7a, D."}
+{"text": "Abstractrare Charitable Research Reserve and delegates of the 6th International Barcode of Life Conference to complete its own rapid, barcode-assisted ATBI of an established land trust in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada.Comprehensive biotic surveys, or \u2018all taxon biodiversity inventories\u2019 (ATBI), have traditionally been limited in scale or scope due to the complications surrounding specimen sorting and species identification. To circumvent these issues, several ATBI projects have successfully integrated DNA barcoding into their identification procedures and witnessed acceleration in their surveys and subsequent increase in project scope and scale. The Biodiversity Institute of Ontario partnered with the rare Charitable Research Reserve was rapidly expanded by integrating a DNA barcoding workflow with two surveying strategies \u2013 a comprehensive sampling scheme over four months, followed by a one-day bioblitz involving international taxonomic experts. The two surveys resulted in 25,287 and 3,502 specimens barcoded, respectively, as well as 127 human observations. This barcoded material, all vouchered at the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario collection, covers 14 phyla, 29 classes, 117 orders, and 531 families of animals, plants, fungi, and lichens. Overall, the ATBI documented 1,102 new species records for the nature reserve, expanding the existing long-term inventory by 49%. In addition, 2,793 distinct Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) were assigned to genus or higher level taxonomy, and represent additional species that will be added once their taxonomy is resolved. For the 3,502 specimens, the collection, sequence analysis, taxonomic assignment, data release and manuscript submission by 100+ co-authors all occurred in less than one week. This demonstrates the speed at which barcode-assisted inventories can be completed and the utility that barcoding provides in minimizing and guiding valuable taxonomic specialist time. The final product is more than a comprehensive biotic inventory \u2013 it is also a rich dataset of fine-scale occurrence and sequence data, all archived and cross-linked in the major biodiversity data repositories. This model of rapid generation and dissemination of essential biodiversity data could be followed to conduct regional assessments of biodiversity status and change, and potentially be employed for evaluating progress towards the Aichi Targets of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011\u20132020.The existing species inventory for the  Specifically, biodiversity inventories address a component of Aichi target 19, to improve and disseminate biodiversity knowledge, particularly its status and trends.It is now universally accepted that we have entered a period of unprecedented global biodiversity loss , and quaEven prior to the concept\u2019s introduction , severalFollowing this model, the present study introduces DNA barcoding to a long-term biotic inventorying effort being conducted in a temperate nature reserve. The objective is to gauge the effect of adding this tool, in terms of both acceleration and increase of taxonomic scope, while concurrently constructing a reference DNA barcode library to facilitate future research and monitoring at this site. The existing inventory is expanded by employing two surveying strategies \u2013 a longer and comprehensive invertebrate trapping scheme, followed by a concentrated effort involving taxonomic experts in the form of a bioblitz . In bothrare Charitable Research Reserve is a 365+ hectare land reserve which was set aside in 2001 to preserve the cultural history and ecological integrity of the area, while providing opportunities for scientific research and public education within the context of an urbanized region. It is located at the confluence of the Speed and Grand Rivers in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada , where the Carolinian and Northern Hardwood forests also meet. The reserve contains a diversity of habitats including existing and reclaimed agricultural lands, wetlands, floodplains, shrub thickets, limestone cliffs and alvars, cold-water creeks, and old growth forest. Due to these diverse habitats, as well as the organization\u2019s mandate to facilitate scientific research, rare has been the site of a variety of innovative research studies, including studies on fern genetics , mammals (37), insects (832), plants (836), mosses (63) and lichens (21)  (first record for North America) and Xantholinuslinearis   , while 1.5% have an undefined status of rare or uncommon . Several of these species, such as the barn swallow [Hirundorustica ], which has been nationally listed as threatened since 2011, are the subjects of active recovery projects at rare. Similar to many species inventories, rare's list is evidently more complete for charismatic and well-studied taxa, such as birds, butterflies and vascular plants. The observations for these groups would be enabled by excellent field guides and the disproportionate interest of citizen scientists; the opposite would be the case for most invertebrate taxa, and rare's inventory reflects this. If it is assumed that the proportions of major taxonomic groups inhabiting this reserve resemble those for similar temperate sites  . The rarrare property . It involved a variety of targeted taxa and techniques, but heavily favoured the collection of terrestrial arthropods by passive trapping. Four Malaise traps were set up in various habitats around the rare BioBlitz', the event involved 113 participants from 31 institutions and coincided with the 6th International Barcode of Life Conference . Various methods for collecting both terrestrial and aquatic arthropods were employed, including dip nets, seine nets, sweep netting, and plankton netting. Small teams surveyed the property and adjacent rivers for taxonomic groups not collected in the four previous months, including fungi, lichens, and vascular plants. Since the inventory is fairly complete for vascular plants (836 species), an effort was made to barcode all species of Blair Flats, a tall grass prairie site that is an active research site  or herbarium (BIO-OAC) for permanent storage . A total of 25,287 specimens were sequenced from collection efforts from May to August 2015, followed by 3,502 specimens directly following the rare BioBlitz on Aug 16, 2015. Tissue samples were prepared in 96-well plate format and when necessary, the whole specimen proceeded through lysis and was recovered as voucher from the filter plate  (rbcL (www.boldsystems.org)  ; for plaI) (rbcL  and the I)  (rbcL . The priems.org) \u200b. The DNFor the sequences derived from animal specimens, the records were assigned operational taxonomic units (OTUs) called Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) by the Refined Single Linkage (RESL) algorithm implemented on BOLD . For thehttp://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/IDS_OpenIdEngine). Identifications were applied based on sequence similarity  if the query sequence fell within a monophyletic cluster of BINs assigned to this family or genus. For animal records that did not receive BINs (<500bp), the sequence was similarly queried through the BOLD-ID Engine, but used a <2% similarity cutoff for assignment to species, in addition to the genus and family thresholds. Following this, a neighbour-joining tree was constructed and examined for unexpected placements which might indicate overlooked contamination events or analytical error. Finally, specimens and images were inspected morphologically to check for errors and refine the assigned taxonomy where possible.For each specimen that was assigned an existing BIN, the record received the existing identification of the BIN to the lowest level that did not have taxonomic conflict. For each specimen assigned a new BIN for BOLD, the sequence was queried through the BOLD Identification Engine . The sequence data for each successfully barcoded specimen were deposited to GenBank by using the 'Submit to GenBank' function in the BOLD workbench , Canada's national node for the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (http://www.gbif.org). The online resource (http://doi.org/10.5886/hh6td9jn) contains all records of the 2015 inventory, including human observations. The citation for the resource is as follows:With the 'Data Spreadsheets' function in the BOLD workbench, the complete dataset was downloaded and reformatted into a Darwin Core Archive . Inventory and BioBlitz Records from * See Suppl. material Leidy, 1870Linnaeus, 1758Blackwall, 1846Blackwall, 1846BOLD:AAB8212Hentz, 1847L. Koch, 1866BOLD:AAD6926Hentz, 1847BOLD:AAN6394Hentz, 1847BOLD:AAC6924Walckenaer, 1805BOLD:AAD7855Clerck, 1757BOLD:AAA4125Hentz, 1847BOLD:AAB8544Hentz, 1847BOLD:AAA8399Lucas, 1833BOLD:AAB7933Forssk\u00e5l, 1775Walckenaer, 1841BOLD:AAL4913Walckenaer, 1841BOLD:AAB7935Banks, 1904Sundevall, 1831BOLD:ABX6180Hentz, 1847BOLD:AAN6264Clerck, 1757BOLD:AAA8999Clerck, 1757Hentz, 1847BOLD:AAB7330Keyserling, 1865Hentz, 1847BOLD:AAI4456|BOLD:ACE4103Walckenaer, 1841BOLD:AAA4123L. Koch, 1866BOLD:AAD1564Gertsch, 1941Gertsch, 1941BOLD:AAN4847L. Koch, 1867BOLD:AAI4085Hentz, 1847BOLD:AAD5417Clerck, 1757BOLD:AAI4087Emerton, 1890BOLD:AAC8284Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940BOLD:AAI4031Keyserling, 1887BOLD:AAF3046Chamberlin, 1919BOLD:AAI6249Emerton, 1888BOLD:AAL1061Emerton, 1915BOLD:AAB2306Hentz, 1850BOLD:AAI6247Keyserling, 1881BOLD:AAB1638|BOLD:ACE2869Blackwall, 1846Kaston, 1945BOLD:AAI6251Ivie, 1947BOLD:AAI9209Hentz, 1850BOLD:AAA7272Emerton, 1890BOLD:AAD8676Banks, 1896BOLD:AAI9037Banks, 1896BOLD:AAC3779C. L. Koch, 1839BOLD:AAD0462Hentz, 1832BOLD:AAF2106Sundevall, 1831BOLD:AAC6612Walckenaer, 1837BOLD:ACV6055Barrows, 1945BOLD:AAA8914Chamberlin, 1922Keyserling, 1887BOLD:ACV5090Gertsch, 1934BOLD:AAG9583Keyserling, 1886BOLD:AAE3860Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAN6265Banks, 1892BOLD:AAH0003Emerton, 1911BOLD:AAC5851Banks, 1892BOLD:AAC9112Blackwall, 1841BOLD:AAA4132O. P.-Cambridge, 1874BOLD:AAI3701Banks, 1892BOLD:AAF1318Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAD2101Emerton, 1882BOLD:ACF8798Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAI5447Emerton, 1909BOLD:ACR6338Emerton, 1925BOLD:ACV5182Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAM9146Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAH0004Blackwall, 1833BOLD:ACE5877Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAH0001Crosby & Bishop, 1928BOLD:ACE9601Hentz, 1850BOLD:AAE0825Dondale, 1959BOLD:AAD1498Emerton, 1882BOLD:ACV5737Keyserling, 1886BOLD:AAB9520O. P.-Cambridge, 1875BOLD:AAB4233Emerton, 1914BOLD:ACL4554Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAC8898Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAF4994Sundevall, 1830BOLD:AAA8358|BOLD:AAB7327Clerck, 1757Banks, 1892Hentz, 1850Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943Millidge, 1976BOLD:AAC9060Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAG5631Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAI8098O. P.-Cambridge, 1874BOLD:AAH8313Millidge, 1983BOLD:AAH8314Kaston, 1945BOLD:ACT1115Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAH8314Gertsch, 1934BOLD:ACW1682Blackwall, 1846BOLD:AAC7802Hentz, 1844BOLD:AAB7668Blackwall, 1846BOLD:AAA5090Banks, 1892BOLD:AAB0863Hentz, 1844BOLD:AAB7667Clerck, 1757BOLD:AAB6784Kulczynski, 1885BOLD:AAC5349Wallace & Exline, 1978BOLD:ABZ5613Emerton, 1885BOLD:AAE4247Walckenaer, 1837BOLD:AAD3880Roewer, 1951BOLD:AAC4687Montgomery, 1904BOLD:AAH0055Hentz, 1844BOLD:AAA7232De Geer, 1778BOLD:AAB0726Thorell, 1856BOLD:AAB0727Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAG5658Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940BOLD:AAK6284Chamberlin, 1923Walckenaer, 1802BOLD:AAB3836Keyserling, 1880BOLD:AAI2838Keyserling, 1880BOLD:AAD2665DondaleKeyserling, 1880BOLD:AAM7986Menge, 1875BOLD:AAA7188Walckenaer, 1802BOLD:AAA7188Emerton, 1911BOLD:AAC7234Emerton, 1890BOLD:AAK7452Giebel, 1869BOLD:ACI5773Hentz, 1844Walckenaer, 1837BOLD:AAI2721Hentz, 1845BOLD:AAA5654Peckham & Peckham, 1883BOLD:AAC0342|BOLD:ACL8050Blackwall, 1846Banks, 1892BOLD:AAG0312Hentz, 1846BOLD:AAC2433Peckham & Peckham, 1888BOLD:AAD9221Walckenaer, 1837BOLD:AAB2930Banks, 1892BOLD:AAB2928Walckenaer, 1837Hentz, 1845Keyserling, 1885Clerck, 1757Peckham and Peckham, 1883Hentz, 1850BOLD:ACL8115Peckham, 1891BOLD:AAW8769Banks, 1895BOLD:AAF6387Peckham & Peckham, 1888BOLD:ACA1490Walckenaer, 1841BOLD:AAB8714McCook, 1894BOLD:AAE5304C. L. Koch, 1845BOLD:AAF1571C. L. Koch, 1845BOLD:ACO7247|BOLD:ACP5884|BOLD:ACU5364Emerton, 1884BOLD:AAE3958|BOLD:ACN4034|BOLD:AAP3715Linnaeus, 1758O. P.-Cambridge, 1889Hentz, 1850BOLD:AAA6381|BOLD:ACR6860Levi, 1981BOLD:AAB7995Emerton, 1884BOLD:AAD7095Walckenaer, 1841BOLD:AAG5659|BOLD:AAN6335Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAF4974Fickert, 1876BOLD:AAO3896Clerck, 1757BOLD:AAA6910Hentz, 1850BOLD:AAJ0542Hentz, 1850BOLD:AAN6263Hentz, 1850BOLD:AAB0273Linnaeus, 1767BOLD:AAK8332|BOLD:ACN7831Levi, 1980C. L. Koch, 1841BOLD:AAC0175Banks, 1895BOLD:AAV3042Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAC3269Becker, 1879BOLD:AAG1794Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAC6350Levi, 1954BOLD:AAD2291Emerton, 1882BOLD:AAE7853Walckenaer, 1841BOLD:AAG4815Hentz, 1847BOLD:ACE7683Clerck, 1757BOLD:AAA6275Walckenaer, 1837Keyserling, 1880Banks, 1895C. L. Koch, 1837BOLD:AAC7413Walckenaer, 1837BOLD:ABY7475Keyserling, 1887BOLD:AAJ9685Keyserling, 1880BOLD:AAJ9718|BOLD:ACV2014|BOLD:ACV5078Keyserling, 1880BOLD:AAC1568Keyserling, 1880BOLD:AAB4300Keyserling, 1880C. L. Koch, 1845BOLD:AAF8190Keyserling, 1880BOLD:AAD2346Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965BOLD:AAM6956Walckenaer, 1841BOLD:AAJ7823Sellnick, 1940BOLD:ACF8021Willmann, 1935C. L. Koch, 1836BOLD:AAM8194Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAI4346Herbst, 1799BOLD:ABW0506Weed, 1893BOLD:AAH7061Wood, 1868Nicolet, 1855BOLD:AAF9090Nicolet, 1855BOLD:ACE3149Aoki, 1965BOLD:AAF9274Banks, 1895BOLD:AAF9173Koch, 1839BOLD:AAH6516|BOLD:ACB6310Koch, 1836BOLD:AAF0868Nicolet, 1855BOLD:ACI4357Ewing, 1907BOLD:AAF9097Tr\u00e4g\u00e5rdh, 1910BOLD:AAM3402|BOLD:AAM4355Marshall, 1908BOLD:AAE6722De Melo and Hebert, 1994Hann, 1982C.L.Koch, 1837BOLD:AAG8560Meinert, 1868BOLD:AAH6432Schott, 1896BOLD:ACE5102Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:ACL6239Uzel, 1891Linnaeus, 1767BOLD:AAA8726Boerner, 1901BOLD:AAA9292Schaffer, 1896\u00c5gren, 1904BOLD:AAI3738Fabricius, 1783Fitch, 1862BOLD:AAB3495|BOLD:AAB3496Leach, 1815BOLD:AAM7944Wood, 1864BOLD:AAH7472Latzel, 1884BOLD:AAH7469Newport, 1843Say, 1823LaFert\u00e9-S\u00e9nect\u00e8re, 1849BOLD:ACF8552Casey, 1895BOLD:ABX0657Marseul, 1879BOLD:AAQ1028Forster, 1770BOLD:AAO1339LeConte, 1876BOLD:AAU7341Lacordaire, 1835Fabricius, 1801BOLD:ABW1696Say, 1823Linnaeus, 1758DeGeer, 1774Scopoli, 1763Fabricius, 1801Say, 1823BOLD:AAE9008Casey, 1920Mannerheim, 1853Say, 1823Haldeman, 1843BOLD:AAM7658LeConte, 1847BOLD:AAU7150Audinet-Serville, 1821BOLD:AAP9490LeConte, 1846Linnaeus, 1758M\u00fcller, 1764Dejean, 1826Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAH0274Linnaeus, 1758LeConte, 1857Kirby, 1837Dejean, 1825BOLD:AAH0212Hentz, 1830Say, 1823BOLD:AAH0141Say, 1823Illiger, 1798Barber, 1947Say, 1826Say, 1826Say, 1826BrownFabricius, 1798Fabricius, 1775Brown, 1938OlivierFabricius, 1775Olivier, 1795Olivier, 1795BOLD:AAD4513Olivier, 1790Fabricius, 1787Say, 1824BOLD:AAI7042Crotch, 1873Forster, 1771Say, 1824BOLD:AAH0019FabriciusSwederus, 1787Gahan, 1908Blatchley, 1913Say, 1824Laicharting, 1781Melsheimer, 1847F. E. Melsheimer, 1847Forster, 1771Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAE9431Say, 1824OlivierFitch, 1858LeConte, 1873Casey, 1893Crotch, 1873LeConte, 1863BOLD:ABX9329Illiger, 1807M\u00fcller, 1776BOLD:AAO0522Lazorko, 1974BOLD:AAG4462Chevrolat in Gu\u00e9rin-M\u00e9neville, 1834BOLD:AAL0908Harris, 1851BOLD:ABA9101Pierce, 1940Fabricius, 1798Fabricius, 1798Linnaeus, 1767BOLD:AAL2945J. L. LeConte, 1865BOLD:ACF8270Wilcox, 1954BOLD:ABA3960|BOLD:ACF6671Fabricius, 1801BOLD:AAL5267Laicharting, 1781Paykull, 1799BOLD:AAU6967Fabricius, 1792Marsham, 1802Paykull, 1799Blake, 1931BOLD:AAG4458Say, 1824BOLD:ABA6335|BOLD:ACJ0239Ziegler, 1845Say, 1825BOLD:AAU6910Say, 1823BOLD:AAU6970Say, 1823NewmanSay, 1835Olivier, 1795BOLD:AAP8584Say, 1835BOLD:ABA6311Linnaeus, 1758De Geer, 1775BOLD:AAD7604TimberlakeMelsheimer, 1847Pallas, 1773BOLD:AAB5640Fabricius, 1775BOLD:AAH3305Goeze, 1777Say, 1826Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAF6935Linnaeus, 1758SayWeise, 1891BOLD:AAN6149LeConte, 1878BOLD:AAU7040Gyllenhal, 1827BOLD:ABA2914Zimmermann, 1869LeConte, 1876BOLD:AAU6930Boheman, 1834BOLD:AAG5192Say, 1824BOLD:AAU7331Scopoli, 1763Stierlin 1894BOLD:ACA3052Say, 1824BOLD:AAY6533Fitch, 1855BOLD:ACD0202Linnaeus 1758BOLD:AAM7726Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAF9187Swaine, 1915BOLD:ABW5076Gyllenhal, 1834BOLD:AAO4332Bonsdorff, 1785Stephens, 1831BOLD:AAM7740Niijima 1909BOLD:AAB2754Ratzeburg, 1837BOLD:AAB9578Fabricius, 1792BOLD:AAD0158Blandford, 1894BOLD:AAF7523Aub\u00e9, 1838Say, 1836Say, 1823BOLD:ACM2015Say, 1839BOLD:AAU7141Herbst, 1801BOLD:AAH2376Say, 1833BOLD:ACA3849LeConte, 1853BOLD:ACR3975Kirby, 1837Melsheimer, 1844BOLD:ACV5201Herbst, 1806BOLD:AAH2370Brown, 1934Herbst, 1806Paykull, 1800BOLD:AAH2378Newman, 1838Newman, 1838BOLD:ACI7114Lacordaire, 1842Say, 1825Say, 1826Say, 1825Fleutiaux, 1900LeConte, 1866Say, 1836LeConteSay, 1823Kirby, 1937Harris, 1828Stephens, 1829Fabricius, 1775BOLD:ABV1545Melsheimer, 1844Orchymont, 1938Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1767BOLD:ACV4844G. Olivier, 1790Say, 1823Newman 1838Herbst, 1793BOLD:AAI8935Horn, 1880BOLD:AAR3435Peck and Cook, 2002BOLD:AAH3504Say, 1825BOLD:AAP6949LeConteLeConte, 1866De Geer, 1775Say, 1824BOLD:AAK7242LeConte, 1853Kirby, 1837Fabricius, 1798Say, 1825BOLD:AAN5932LeConte, 1862LeConte, 1862Ray, 1936LeConte, 1862Melsheimer, 1845Helmuth, 1864Say, 1824BOLD:AAU6912Say, 1824LeConteLeConte, 1856Parsons, 1943Erichson, 1843Olivier, 1790Say 1835Olivier, 1790Linnaeus, 1758Say, 1825BOLD:AAH0115SayCasey, 1916BOLD:AAH0135LeConte, 1856Melsheimer, 1844BOLD:AAH0134DeKay, 1844Say, 1825BOLD:AAP8586LeconteNewman, 1838Melsheimer, 1846Say, 1824Razumowski, 1789Linnaeus, 1767Say, 1823Linnaeus, 1767BOLD:AAM7733Fabricius, 1801Palisot de Beauvois, 1805LeConte, 1850BOLD:AAD1098Melsheimer, 1845BOLD:AAJ2312Newman, 1841Linnaeus, 1767Beauvois, 1805Tournier, 1868BOLD:AAG3633Guerin and Memeville, 1834BOLD:AAG7259LeConteBOLD:AAP7021GuerinEichhoff, 1868Bechstein, 1805Hopkins, 1915Say, 1826BOLD:AAH0469Melsheimer, 1846Linnaeus, 1758Say, 1825BOLD:AAE1939Fabricius, 1781Waltl, 1834BOLD:AAJ2005Fabricius, 1792BOLD:AAO0157Haldeman, 1846BOLD:AAW6380Gravenhorst, 1802BOLD:ABA5313Gravenhorst, 1806BOLD:AAR3352Block, 1799Thomson, 1852BOLD:ABA9094Gravenhorst, 1806Gravenhorst, 1802BOLD:AAO0558Say, 1834BOLD:ACV1788Campbell, 1982BOLD:ABA6331Gravenhorst, 1802BOLD:ABA6370Erichson, 1839BOLD:ABW2870Casey, 1911BOLD:ACJ6804Mannerheim, 1830Casey, 1915BOLD:AAH0113Gravenhorst, 1802BOLD:ACJ0017MelsheimerBOLD:ACP0011Erichson, 1839BOLD:ACC1294Fabricius, 1793BOLD:AAH0108Muller & Kunze, 1822BOLD:AAN9916Gravenhorst, 1802BOLD:AAH0107Stephens, 1832BOLD:ABX2484Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAN9511Horn, 1877BOLD:AAU6934Fabricius, 1781BOLD:ABA9096Gyllenhal, 1810BOLD:ABW9580Olivier, 1795BOLD:AAG4333Newman, 1838Horn, 1888BOLD:AAK7440Newman, 1838Say, 1827BOLD:ACI7017Say, 1839BOLD:AAU7339Blanchard, 1917BOLD:ABA9083Schaeffer, 1916BOLD:AAN6148Bonvouloir, 1859Melsheimer, 1844Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAG9897Rondani, 1874BOLD:AAJ7105de Meijere, 1924BOLD:AAJ9681Frick, 1956BOLD:AAV4861Hendel, 1920Loew, 1863Strobl, 1880Meigen, 1830BOLD:AAF1051Frost, 1924Coquillett, 1902BOLD:AAI7960Riley, 1885BOLD:AAF6806Spencer, 1965BOLD:ACE7414Meigen, 1830BOLD:AAG9234|BOLD:ACJ0616Hering, 1937Melander, 1913BOLD:AAK5607Spencer, 1969BOLD:AAI3360|BOLD:ABZ1036Malloch, 1918BOLD:AAP8823|BOLD:ACV3095|BOLD:ACV5944Siebke, 1864BOLD:AAG4751Valley, 1982BOLD:AAY1337Fallen, 1823BOLD:AAH9376Sehgal, 1971BOLD:AAL4176Spencer, 1973Say, 1823BOLD:AAG2000Fabricius, 1775BOLD:AAG1998Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAP2970Meigen, 1826Meigen, 1826BOLD:AAA3453Zetterstedt, 1845BOLD:AAP8833Ringdahl, 1918BOLD:AAP2968Meigen, 1826BOLD:AAG2463Walker, 1849BOLD:AAG2479Melander, 1913BOLD:AAG4827Rohacek & Barber, 2005Meigen, 1820Linnaeus, 1763Macquart, 1838Williston, 1883Williston, 1883Back, 1904Say, 1824McAtee, 1919McAtee, 1919Fabricius, 1805Walker, 1849Mathis & Freidberg, 1994BOLD:AAV0437|BOLD:ABV3853Say, 1823Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:ABV0388Linnaeus, 1758Wiedemann, 1821Johnson, 1919De Geer, 1776Hall, 1948BOLD:ABY7153Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830BOLD:AAB0868Meigen, 1826BOLD:AAB9140Wainwright, 1940BOLD:AAP2825Jacentkovsky, 1944BOLD:AAI2766Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863BOLD:AAI2765Macquart, 1834BOLD:AAG6745Fabricius, 1794BOLD:AAH3035Osten Sacken, 1862BOLD:AAA2254|BOLD:ABX5689Felt, 1907BOLD:ABV1420Felt, 1907BOLD:AAM1947|BOLD:AAM1948|BOLD:AAM1954|BOLD:ACG8775|BOLD:ACN2213Beutenmuller, 1907BOLD:ACL0470Tavares, 1930BOLD:AAQ0642Say, 1817BOLD:ABV9277Coquillett, 1901Meigen, 1830BOLD:AAM6273BOLD:AAG1021De Geer, 1776BOLD:AAN5341Keyl, 1960BOLD:AAJ4295Kiknadze & Butler, 1999BOLD:AAB4658Johannsen, 1908BOLD:AAB4657Keyl, 1961BOLD:AAI4303Townes, 1945BOLD:ACV5571Kieffer, 1924BOLD:AAJ3263Roback, 1971BOLD:AAC4802|BOLD:AAN5351Winnertz, 1846BOLD:AAN5330Goetghebuer, 1927Meigen, 1818BOLD:ACC7282BOLD:AAP5141Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAE4298Macquart, 1826BOLD:AAP5920Edwards, 1929BOLD:ACS9429|BOLD:ACT0257Goetghebuer, 1935BOLD:AAG1005|BOLD:ACV5403|BOLD:ACV5404Say, 1823BOLD:AAL7329Kieffer, 1916BOLD:AAC0706Edwards, 1929BOLD:AAP6873Kieffer, 1911BOLD:AAN5343Kieffer, 1914BOLD:AAB7361BOLD:ABU5525BOLD:ABX5809Johannsen, 1905Anderson, Stur & Ekrem, 2013BOLD:AAF7088De Geer, 1776BOLD:AAE0707Kieffer, 1918BOLD:AAM6277Saether, 1977BOLD:AAC3041Walker, 1828BOLD:AAE5762Roback, 1957BOLD:AAG1000Roback, 1957BOLD:AAB2641|BOLD:AAB2645|BOLD:ACV3368Soponis, 1977BOLD:AAB7872Kieffer, 1909BOLD:AAB3988Oliver, 1959BOLD:AAI2601Walker, 1856BOLD:AAC4197Johannsen, 1905BOLD:AAE3698Schneider, 1885BOLD:AAD1485Edwards, 1929BOLD:AAC8842|BOLD:ACF2457BOLD:AAP2907BOLD:AAE3675Walker, 1856BOLD:AAD1397Walker, 1856BOLD:AAF6432Beck and Beck, 1964BOLD:AAM6249Walker, 1848BOLD:AAI0332Goetghebuer, 1932BOLD:AAF4817BOLD:AAM7064BOLD:AAN5358BOLD:AAH9641BOLD:ACP4736Ekrem, 2007BOLD:AAD0300Edwards, 1929BOLD:ACV5604|BOLD:ACV5898Roback, 1957BOLD:AAC4523|BOLD:AAC4525Kieffer, 1925BOLD:ACJ3722|BOLD:ACV3832Brundin, 1947BOLD:AAC3354Ekrem, Sublette & Sublette, 2003BOLD:AAD2144Roback, 1957BOLD:AAD5253|BOLD:AAD5254Coquillett, 1898Loew, 1863Loew, 1863BOLD:AAP5169Loew, 1858BOLD:AAH4208Loew, 1863Macquart, 1835BOLD:ACC7744Malloch, 1915BOLD:AAH4210Malloch, 1913BOLD:ACM2340Greene, 1918Becker, 1912BOLD:ABW1379Malloch, 1913BOLD:ABZ4644Becker, 1912Linnaeus, 1758Becker, 1912BOLD:ACE3223Malloch, 1916BOLD:ACE0829Loew, 1869Meigen, 1830BOLD:AAH4135Malloch, 1914BOLD:ACV5890Johnson, 1913BOLD:AAF4394Walker, 1849Malloch, 1922BOLD:AAJ4032Loew, 1864BOLD:AAJ4031Johnson, 1913BOLD:AAN5648Melander and Argo, 1924Say, 1823TheobaldMeigen, 1818BOLD:AAC1222Meigen, 1830BOLD:AAA7067Say, 1824Walker, 1856BOLD:AAB2539Theobald, 1901BOLD:AAA7661Walker, 1856BOLD:AAB6943|BOLD:ABY7666WalkerGosseries, 1989Loew, 1866Meigen, 1824Loew, 1857BOLD:AAZ3931Van Duzee, 1913BOLD:ABW1193Loew, 1861Loew, 1862BOLD:AAE2703Sturtevant, 1916BOLD:AAB8851Wheeler, 1960BOLD:AAB7507Walker, 1849BOLD:AAG8500Loew, 1862BOLD:AAG8491Chillcott, 1959BOLD:AAM7337Mathis & Zatwarnicki, 1990Cresson, 1922BOLD:ABY0801Cresson, 1942Meigen, 1830Fallen, 1813Fallen 1823BOLD:ABA8754Coquillett, 1900Meigen, 1830Fallen, 1813Loew, 1862Deonier, 1971Cresson, 1933Clausen, 1977Fallen, 1813Loew, 1861Becker, 1896BOLD:AAG2740Sturtevant and Wheeler, 1954Loew, 1862Fallen, 1813Collin, 1930Haliday, 1839Sturtevant & Wheeler, 1954Meigen, 1826BOLD:AAU6630Say, 1823BOLD:AAC8595Meigen, 1820BOLD:ACE5974Fallen, 1815Melander, 1924BOLD:AAP6357Melander, 1927BOLD:AAV3697Meigen, 1804Meigen, 1830BOLD:AAQ0265Collin, 1961Zetterstedt, 1838BOLD:ABA0579Loew, 1864BOLD:AAN5500Meigen, 1818BOLD:AAP2528Perusse & Wheeler 2000Coquillett, 1902BOLD:AAN8633Say, 1823BOLD:ACL8650Say, 1823BOLD:AAN5882Alexander, 1926BOLD:ACB0353Macq.BOLD:AAF9008Osten Sacken, 1860Lundbeck, 1898BOLD:AAU6544Osten Sacken, 1859BOLD:ACA9818Osten Sacken, 1869BOLD:AAI1351Fallen, 1810Walker, 1849BOLD:AAP8989Say, 1823Meigen, 1830BOLD:AAP8985Loew, 1869BOLD:AAG0166|BOLD:AAG0169Loew, 1869Fabricius, 1775Fallen, 1825Harris, 1780BOLD:AAC2498Stein, 1898BOLD:AAG1742Stein, 1898BOLD:AAP1125Walker, 1849Harris, 1788BOLD:AAB8817Fabricius, 1781BOLD:AAD7145Vockeroth, 1980BOLD:ABV3010Johannsen, 1912BOLD:ACM3454Staeger, 1840BOLD:AAI3260De Geer, 1776BOLD:ACF2821Walker, 1848BOLD:AAP4734Johannsen, 1910Loew, 1869BOLD:AAU4912Chandler, 1991Sabrosky, 1959BOLD:AAP8071Collin, 1952BOLD:ACV3828BOLD:ACM2703Fallen, 1823Osten Sacken, 1859Meigen, 1830BOLD:AAN8685Disney, 2004BOLD:AAG3248Buck & Disney, 2001Wood, 1909BOLD:AAL9075Loew, 1866BOLD:AAY6384Meigen, 1804BOLD:AAG3274Schmitz, 1926BOLD:AAZ6701Rapp, 1943Say, 1823Loew, 1860BOLD:AAF9707Wakerly, 1959Fabricius, 1794BOLD:AAP6388Tonnoir, 1922BOLD:AAN8770Loew, 1862BOLD:ACV5660Fabricius, 1805Linnaeus, 1758Parker, 1914BOLD:AAH7139Townsend, 1892Baranov, 1937BOLD:AAG6743Wulp, 1890BOLD:AAG6744Loew, 1863BOLD:AAH4235Fallen, 1819BOLD:AAH4234Meigen, 1826Say, 1823BOLD:AAH0022Frey, 1948BOLD:AAV1295Zetterstedt, 1838BOLD:AAV1366Meigen, 1818Fabricius, 1787BOLD:AAM9254Tuomikoski, 1960BOLD:ABA0929Winnertz, 1868BOLD:AAM9252Mohrig & Menzel, 1990BOLD:ACA4924Lengersdorf, 1926BOLD:AAU6513Lengersdorf, 1942BOLD:AAU6537Mohrig & Menzel, 1992BOLD:AAM9242Tuomikoski, 1960BOLD:AAN6437Menzel & Smith, 2007BOLD:AAU6542Lengersdorf, 1934BOLD:AAH3968|BOLD:AAN6439Meigen, 1804BOLD:AAH3983Staeger, 1840BOLD:ACD1218Lengersdorf, 1940BOLD:ABA1215Mohrig & Menzel, 1990BOLD:ACC1855Mohrig & Mamaev, 1985BOLD:AAN6430Zetterstedt, 1851BOLD:AAN6431Zetterstedt, 1851Loew, 1864Steyskal, 1954BOLD:AAG6869Loew, 1847Macquart, 1843Fallen, 1820BOLD:AAG5640Schrank, 1803Fabricius, 1794BOLD:AAG5639Adler and Kim, 1985BOLD:AAD4764Syme and Davies, 1958Zetterstedt, 1838BOLD:AAA4121Strobl, 1909BOLD:AAG7283Zetterstedt, 1847Stenhammar, 1854BOLD:AAN6407Rondani, 1880BOLD:ACF7714Fallen, 1820BOLD:AAJ7412Haliday, 1836Fallen, 1820Rondani, 1880Becker, 1919BOLD:AAG7276Meigen, 1830Spuler, 1925Marshall, 1985BOLD:AAG7309Collin, 1902Haliday, 1836Spuler, 1925Zetterstedt, 1847Spuler 1924Fall\u00e9n, 1820Stenhammar, 1855Adams 1904Stenhammar, 1854Meigen, 1830Rondani, 1880Meigen, 1830BOLD:AAG7279Richards, 1965Latreille, 1805Meigen, 1830BOLD:ACJ1971Rohacek and Marshall, 1985Say, 1824BOLD:AAP7640Say, 1823Loew, 1863Loew, 1866Loew, 1866Linnaeus, 1758Melander, 1903Hanson, 1958Curran, 1925McFadden, 1971Say, 1824Wiedemann, 1830Loew, 1866Osten Sacken, 1877Say, 1823BOLD:AAD8276Walker, 1849BOLD:AAP8757Walker, 1849BOLD:AAG4679Fabricius, 1805BOLD:AAG6762Loew, 1864MeigenBOLD:ACV5348Meigen, 1822Linnaeus, 1758Wiedemann, 1830Walker, 1849Osten Sacken, 1877Linnaeus, 1758Wiedemann, 1830Wiedemann, 1830Osten Sacken, 1877Loew, 1863BOLD:AAE0948Walker, 1849Loew, 1866Loew, 1872BOLD:AAY9807Fabricius, 1805Linnaeus 1758Fabricius, 1794Loew, 1864Loew, 1972BOLD:AAV0836Williston, 1887BOLD:AAG6766Macquart, 1834Wiedemann, 1830Meigen, 1822BOLD:AAC2439Loew, 1963Staeger, 1845BOLD:ACF4734Say, 1824BOLD:AAF1237Say, 1823Staeger, 1843Macquart, 1842BOLD:ABX5395Knutson, 1973Knutson, 1973Knutson, 1973Macquart, 1847MeigenWilliston, 1887BOLD:ACR0385Coquillett, 1910Loew, 1872Linnaeus, 1758Osten Sacken, 1875LinnaeusBOLD:AAA4570Osten Sacken, 1875BOLD:AAC6088Say, 1923BOLD:AAC1312Say, 1823BOLD:AAA4277Loew, 1863BOLD:AAK0114Loew, 1866Wulp, 1867Macquart, 1850BOLD:ACE5640Pechuman and Teskey, 1967Wiedemann, 1828Osten Sacken, 1875Wiedemann, 1821Osten Sacken, 1878Macquart, 1838BOLD:AAF0889FabriciusCurran, 1933Meigen, 1824BOLD:AAV0903Reinhard, 1952Coquillett, 1895BOLD:ABX6290Coquillett, 1902BOLD:AAP2717Townsend, 1892BOLD:ACE2864Townsend, 1892BOLD:AAG2432Curran, 1925BOLD:ACF1129Fallen, 1810BOLD:ABY8575Mesnil, 1957BOLD:AAG2172Curran, 1932BOLD:AAP2721O'Hara, 1983BOLD:AAZ4865Loew, 1862Fitch, 1855Fitch, 1855Loew, 1862Linnaeus, 1758Loew, 1873Linnaeus, 1758Doane, 1911Walker, 1848BOLD:AAF8990AlexanderVasey 1977Loew, 1863WeidSteyskal 1947Van der Wulp 1867Loew, 1863BOLD:AAJ9649Walker, 1848BOLD:AAM7333|BOLD:AAP7637McDunnough, 1921Walsh, 1862Linnaeus, 1761Daggy, 1945Banks, 1907Serville, 1829Say, 1839Kelton, 1977Say, 1832White, 1879Mosley, 1841BOLD:AAF3206Harris, 1776Matsumura, 1917BOLD:AAB7938Thomas, 1879BOLD:AAB6817Oestlund, 1887BOLD:AAF7621Riley, C.V., 1879BOLD:AAD7955Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAD0131Davis, 1914BOLD:AAD9153Fitch, 1866BOLD:AAA2079Linnaeus, 1761Hille Ris Lambers, 1960BOLD:AAD1238Say, 1832Say, 1832Fall\u00e9n, 1805Walker, 1851Say, 1825Say, 1825Linnaeus, 1758Schrank, 1776Linnaeus, 1758Oman 1933BOLD:AAG2899Oman 1970Donovan, 1799Donovan, 1799Metcalf, 1955Fitch 1851Provancher 1872Say, 1830BOLD:ACV9851Walker, 1851Fall\u00e9n 1806BOLD:AAY8918Provancher, 1890BOLD:ABA5842Gillette, 1898BOLD:AAV0158Fabricius 1803BOLD:AAG2897Boheman, 1847BOLD:AAG8821Davidson et DeLong, 1943DeLong 1936Fitch, 1851BOLD:ABA5764Zachvatkin, 1935BOLD:AAY6741Cardoso, 1974BOLD:AAG2868|BOLD:AAG2873Gillette, 1898Beamer, 1932BOLD:ABA5787Knull, 1949BOLD:AAZ8495|BOLD:AAZ8496Fall\u00e9n, 1806BOLD:AAG8839Hepner, 1976BOLD:ABA5786Auten & Johnson, 1936BOLD:AAN8412Beamer, 1930BOLD:ABA5830Ross & DeLong, 1953BOLD:AAN8287|BOLD:ABZ1306Robinson, 1924BOLD:AAY6747Dmitriev & Dietrich, 2007BOLD:AAV0161McAtee, 1920BOLD:ABA5798Robinson, 1924BOLD:ABA5810Robinson, 1924BOLD:ABA5810McAtee, 1920BOLD:AAV0164|BOLD:ACC8414Fitch, 1851BOLD:AAY6738|BOLD:AAY6751Fitch, 1856BOLD:AAY6742|BOLD:ACQ8506Harris, 1831Fitch, 1851BOLD:AAO8361|BOLD:AAY6752|BOLD:ABA5772|BOLD:ABY9043|BOLD:ABY9046|BOLD:ACQ3943| BOLD:ACV2800|BOLD:ACV2885|BOLD:ACV2886Goeze, 1778BOLD:AAG2869Gillette, 1898BOLD:ABA5805St\u00e5l, 1864DeLong & Caldwell, 1936DeLong & Caldwell, 1936BOLD:ACC8165Forster, 1771McAtee, 1919BOLD:AAV0157Say, 1830De Long & Sleesman, 1929Van Duzee, 1889BOLD:ACC9200Forbes, 1885BOLD:AAA9422Fall\u00e9n, 1806BOLD:AAV0236Say, 1830BOLD:AAN8418Walker, 1851BOLD:ACI7197DeLong, 1941Fitch, 1851Osborn, 1900BOLD:AAY6734Fall\u00e9n, 1826McAtee, 1926McAtee, 1926BOLD:ABA5877McAtee, 1926BOLD:AAF5980Knull, 1945BOLD:ACV8488Harris, 1841Fitch, 1851Abbott, 1913Palisot, 1811Sailer, 1948Champion, 1901Palisot, 1811St\u00e5l, 1874Fabricius, 1794Van Duzee, 1894St\u00e5l, 1862Beamer, 1955Van Duzee, 1897Metcalf, 1923Say, 1825Say, 1830Fabricius, 1798Say, 1832Say, 1825Say, 1832St\u00e5l, 1874Woodruff, 1915BOLD:AAY9905Say, 1824Say, 1824Forster, 1771Say, 1831Say, 1824Ball, 1903Goeze, 1778Kirschbaum, 1856Linnaeus, 1758Uhler, 1872BOLD:AAF3365Provancher, 1872Reuter, 1876Wheeler, 1977Slingerland, 1909Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1761BOLD:AAB2218Kirby, 1837Reuter, 1872Uhler, 1877Stein, 1857Van Duzee, 1912Knight, 1923BOLD:AAH8507Herrich-Schaeffer, 1838Fabricius, 1798Reuter, 1904Provancher, 1872Fabricius, 1794Reuter, 1872Reuter, 1872Say, 1832Say, 1832Uhler, 1876Say, 1832Say, 1832Say, 1832Fabricius, 1775Kirkaldy, 1909Dallas, 1851Say, 1832Say,1825Linnaeus, 1758Say, 1832Melin, 1930Say, 1832Fletcher, 1882Foerster, 1848Say, 1832Fabricius, 1776St\u00e5l, 1862St\u00e5l, 1862Say, 1832Dallas, 1852Uhler, 1871Thomson, 1870Fall\u00e9n, 1807Say, 1832Fabricius, 1794Linnaeus, 1758Germar, 1839Amyot and Serville, 1843Uhler, 1878Schrank, 1782Cresson, 1878Kirby, 1802BOLD:AAB4998Dalla Torre, 1896Cockerell, 1901Ashmead, 1890Provancher, 1888Robertson, 1895Smith, 1853Robertson, 1891Robertson, 1893Graenicher, 1903Kirby, 1802Say, 1824Crawford, 1903Panzer, 1798Robertson, 1900Say, 1837Smith, 1854Linnaeus, 1758Cresson, 1863Kirby, 1837DeGeer, 1773Cresson, 1863BOLD:ABZ2516Cresson, 1863Cresson, 1863Smith, 1854Rehan and Sheffield, 2011BOLD:AAA2368Robertson, 1905Cresson, 1878Kirby, 1802Lovell & Cockerell, 1906LaBerge, 1961Robertson, 1901Cockerell, 1906Smith, 1854Cresson, 1863BOLD:ABZ2527Cockerell, 1903Robertson, 1893Robertson, 1895Cresson, 1863BOLD:ABZ6834Lovell & Cockerell, 1905BOLD:AAC5044Robertson, 1897Mitchell, 1962Graenicher, 1911Robertson, 1903Linnaeus, 1771Haliday, 1834BOLD:AAA4188Wesmael, 1835Foerster, 1862BOLD:AAU8583Say, 1836BOLD:AAA9386McIntosh, 1855BOLD:AAG1421Weed, 1888BOLD:ABA5941Haliday, 1833BOLD:ACW2698Weed, 1887BOLD:AAB0520Nees,1834Matthews, 1970Walsh, 1861BOLD:AAG8371Linnaeus, 1761Robertson, 1891Provancher, 1888Smith, 1853Robertson, 1898Cresson, 1868Smith, 1853Kirby, 1827Cockerell, 1907Say, 1837Say, 1824Banks, 1912Banks, 1913Dahlbom, 1844Lepeletier et Brull\u00e9, 1834Dahlbom, 1845BOLD:AAG3190van der Linden, 1829Fox, 1895Fabricius, 1793Olivier, 1792Fabricius, 1804Panzer, 1804Gmelin, 1781Packard, 1866Packard,1867Smith,1856Packard, 1867Say,1837Packard,1866Say, 1837Packard, 1867Linnaeus, 1758Smith, 1856BOLD:AAG7762Dahlbom, 1844Say, 1824Shuckard, 1837Cresson, 1865Radoszkowski, 1887Packard, 1867Scopoli, 1763Say, 1837Ashmead, 1897Packard, 1867or fraternusSay, 1824Fox, 1894Panzer, 1803Smith, 1851Say, 1837Lepeletier & Serville, 1828Smith, 1856BOLD:AAG3193Fox, 1891Saussure, 1867Drury, 1773Thomson, 1858BOLD:AAU8736Ashmead, 1900BOLD:AAA7203Retzius, 1783Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAA2372Emery, 1893BOLD:AAD4432De Geer, 1773BOLD:AAA9461Fitch, 1855Emery, 1893BOLD:AAE0406Foerster, 1850BOLD:AAA9049Roger, 1862Wheeler, 1906BOLD:AAD1528Emery, 1893BOLD:AAB9126Emery, 1895Buckley, 1866BOLD:AAF0443Say, 1836BOLD:AAC1302Mayr, 1886BOLD:AAH7068Haldeman, 1844Say, 1836BOLD:AAA3893|BOLD:AAA3900Emery, 1895BOLD:AAG0685Forster, 1771F\u00f6rster, 1771Fabricius, 1775Smith, 1853Say, 1837Smith, 1853BOLD:AAD6445Smith, 1853Say, 1837Christ, 1791Robertson, 1892Gibbs, 2010Crawford, 1906Crawford, 1902Smith, 1853BOLD:AAB7007Robertson, 1890Mitchell, 1960Gibbs, 2010Mitchell, 1960Robertson, 1895Mitchell, 1960Gibbs, 2012Smith, 1853Schrank, 1781Crawford, 1906Robertson, 1895Mitchell, 1960Graenicher, 1911Knerer & Atwood, 1966Robertson, 1890Smith, 1853Ellis, 1913Smith, 1853Robertson, 1895Robertson, 1892Mitchell, 1960Robertson, 1890Sandhouse, 1924Gibbs, 2010Lovell, 1905BOLD:ABZ6180Robertson, 1902Crawford, 1904Mitchell, 1960Smith, 1848Ellis, 1914Mitchell, 1956Robertson, 1897Say, 1837Robertson, 1903Robertson, 1897Smith, 1853Robertson, 1897Lovell & Cockerell, 1907Robertson, 1898Lovell & Cockerell, 1907Robertson, 1897Robertson, 1897BOLD:AAC7655Robertson, 1893Mitchell, 1956Fabricius, 1794BOLD:AAG7687Thunberg, 1822BOLD:AAH7052Thunberg, 1822BOLD:AAG7768Thomson, 1887BOLD:ABA6269Gravenhorst, 1829BOLD:AAU8495Ashmead, 1890BOLD:AAZ8146Cresson, 1864BOLD:AAH1693Gravenhorst, 1820Cresson, 1864BOLD:ABZ4364Walley, 1967BOLD:AAZ9563Dasch, 1992BOLD:ABA6048Fabricius, 1781BOLD:AAD4214Fabricius, 1775BOLD:AAU8680Provancher, 1879BOLD:AAH1652Gravenhorst, 1829BOLD:AAG5797Thomson, 1887BOLD:AAG7713Holmgren, 1860BOLD:AAU8361Fox, 1892BOLD:ACE9045Muller, 1776BOLD:AAG7737Fabricius, 1793BOLD:AAO2094Gmelin, 1790Gravenhorst, 1829BOLD:AAU8687Schwenke, 1999BOLD:AAZ1979Say, 1829BOLD:AAG8323Viereck, 1905BOLD:AAG7774Viereck, 1905BOLD:AAN8172BOLD:AAI3361Townes, 1962Gravenhorst, 1829BOLD:AAM9125Gravenhorst, 1829BOLD:AAM7401Provancher, 1880BOLD:AAG7634GravenhorstCresson, 1868BOLD:AAL0380Holmgren, 1858BOLD:AAM7494Brischke, 1880BOLD:AAD1926Gravenhorst, 1829Say, 1824Latreille, 1809Linnaeus, 1758Smith, 1854Cresson, 1872Cresson, 1864Cresson, 1864Cresson, 1878Say, 1837Robertson, 1903Smith, 1853Cresson, 1878Provancher, 1888Say, 1823Cockerell, 1900Cresson, 1878Cresson, 1878Cockerell, 1898Say, 1837Cresson, 1878Fabricius, 1793Cresson, 1878Mitchell, T.B. 1962Cresson, 1864Say, 1837BOLD:AAE5495Cresson, 1864Cresson, 1864Cresson, 1864Say, 1824Smith 1855Huber, 1997Howard, 1908Girault, 1916BOLD:AAN7553Fouts, 1924BOLD:ABW3242Fouts, 1924BOLD:ABA6127Ashmead, 1893BOLD:AAG7891|BOLD:AAY9192|BOLD:ACU5364Spinola, 1808Cresson, 1867Banks, 1944van der Vecht, 1973CressonBaquaert, 1919(Dreisbach)Scopoli, 1763Dalla Torre, 1897Banks, 1912Smith, 1855Banks, 1941Fabricius, 1798Say, 1836Cresson, 1867Banks, 1912Cresson, 1867Banks, 1912Gahan, 1917BOLD:ACL4975Say, 1836BOLD:ACL7820Provancher, 1888Linnaeusde Saussure, 1867Fernald, 1906de Saussure, 1867Drury, 1773Linnaeus, 1758Norton, 1861BOLD:AAI4543SpinolaBOLD:AAE5602MacGillivray, 1906BOLD:ACJ9109Zaddach, 1859BOLD:AAG7773Zaddach 1859BOLD:ACV5952Norton, 1861BOLD:ACC8799Ross 1936BOLD:ACI4328SundevallBOLD:AAN7643Fall\u00e9n 1807BOLD:AAN7641Norton 1860BOLD:ABU8852Thomson, 1870BOLD:AAP1085Gmelin 1790BOLD:ACK2140NortonBOLD:AAN8130BOLD:AAG3550Fabricius, 1804BOLD:ACI7354Norton 1867BOLD:ACG2990|BOLD:ACM9731Say 1836BOLD:ACC7921Provancher 1885BOLD:AAG7788Say 1824BOLD:AAU8702RohwerBOLD:ACV5036Nagarkatti, 1975BOLD:AAE0242Saussure, 1852de Saussure, 1855Panzer, 1798Saussure, 1852Saussure, 1853Saussure, 1852FabriciusBOLD:ACE9710Provancher, 1888Sayde Saussure, 1853de Saussure, 1856Linnaeus, 1763Viereck, 1906de Saussure, 1855subsp pedestris? No authorship foundde Saussure, 1856de Saussure, 1856Christ, 1791BOLD:AAB7105Fabricius, 1793Saussure, 1855Saussure, 1856Jakobson, 1978Fabricius, 1793BOLD:AAG9055BuyssonBOLD:AAD5593de Saussure, 1854BOLD:AAN8137Linnaeus, 1758Dietz, 1910BOLD:AAA8938Riley, 1871BOLD:AAB1096Murtfeldt 1905BOLD:AAB4931Clemens, 1860BOLD:AAD2085Chambers, 1875BOLD:AAH4285Busck, 1932BOLD:AAE1519Denis & Schifferm\u00fcller, 1775Clemens, 1860Str\u00f6m, 1768BOLD:AAB4181Westwood, 1832BOLD:ACE8375Hulst, 1886Walker, 1859Munroe, 1972Linnaeus, 1761Clemens, 1860Munroe, 1973Zell., 1875Robinson, 1869Denis & Schifferm\u00fcller, 1775Guen\u00e9e, 1854Drury, 1773Denis & Schifferm\u00fcller, 1775BOLD:AAC6982Clemens, 1864BOLD:AAA7550Fabricius, 1775Clemens, 1860WalkerHerrich-Schaffer, 1855Busck, 1908BOLD:AAF0142Harris, 1841H\u00fcbner, 1818Esper, 1794Guen\u00e9e, 1854Fabricius, 1798Drury, 1773Linnaeus, 1758Guen\u00e9e, 1854BOLD:AAA4282Rutten & Karsholt, 2004BOLD:AAH4276Busck, 1906BOLD:ABA4737Thunberg, 1794BOLD:AAD8505Hodges, 1986BOLD:AAI9560Walsingham, 1882BOLD:AAH4488Busck, 1904H\u00fcbner, 1818BOLD:AAA8109Hodges, 1986Braun, 1921BOLD:AAE7016Linnaeus, 1758Busck, 1919Sircom, 1850BOLD:AAC1644Chambers, 1872BOLD:ACB8750Braun, 1925BOLD:ABY8834Lee, 2012BOLD:ACF2217Keifer, 1933BOLD:AAC6357Harris, 1841BOLD:AAB0196Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858Linnaeus, 1758Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858Packard, 1874Wollaston, 1858[Denis and Schifferm\u00fcller], 1775Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858M\u00fcller, 1764Drury, 1773Hufnagel, 1767Hulst, 1886BOLD:AAA2999Fabricius, 1794Cramer, 1780BOLD:AAA5234Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858BOLD:AAA3984Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858BOLD:AAA4456Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858BOLD:AAA6926Clerck, 1759BOLD:AAA3817Guen\u00e9e in Boisduval and Guen\u00e9e, 1858BOLD:AAA8660Frey & Boll, 1873BOLD:AAD3996Chambers, 1872BOLD:AAD2590Braun, 1908BOLD:AAH4493Frey & Boll, 1876Stainton, 1854BOLD:AAE3418Clemens, 1860BOLD:AAF8198Chambers, 1871BOLD:AAI3015Clemens, 1859BOLD:AAI3014Chambers, 1871BOLD:AAN8981M\u00fcller, 1764BOLD:AAL6962Clemens, 1859BOLD:AAD7999Braun, 1908BOLD:AAH4497Chambers, 1871BOLD:AAD4915Braun, 1908BOLD:AAG1128Chambers, 1871BOLD:AAF6577W. H. Edwards, 1863Fabricius, 1793Boisduval, 1852Pallas, 1771Cramer, 1775W. Forbes, 1936Fabricius, 1793BOLD:AAC6872Scudder and Burgess, 1870W. H. Edwards, 1863W. H. Edwards, 1879Boisduval, 1852Fabricius, 1793T. Harris, 1862Scudder, 1863W. H. Edwards, 1865W. H. Edwards, 1863Fabricius, 1793W. Kirby, 1837Latreille, 1824W. H. Edwards, 1862Ochsenheimer, 1808Scudder, 1863HubnerBOLD:AAA4130Stoll, 1791Cramer, 1780W. H. Edwards, 1862Godart, 1824Fabricius, 1793Cramer, 1775Fabricius, 1793W. H. Edwards, 1862H\u00fcbner, 1809McDunnough, 1942LeConte, 1833Packard, 1864Packard, 1864J. E. Smith, 1797Humphreys & Westwood, 1845BOLD:AAX4784Zeller, 1839BOLD:AAC1036Stainton, 1854BOLD:AAI0007Braun, 1916BOLD:AAU7678H\u00fcbner, 1813BOLD:AAB7392Hufnagel, 1766Walker, 1857H\u00fcbner, 1803Speyer, 1875Smith, 1899Guen\u00e9e, 1852BOLD:AAA8525Grote and Robinson, 1868BOLD:AAC9569Brace, 1819Guen\u00e9e, 1852Haworth, 1809Guen\u00e9e, 1852BOLD:AAB3383Cramer, 1779Walker, 1865BOLD:AAC1487Walker, 1858Grote, 1874BOLD:AAA6924Guen\u00e9e, 1852Grote and Robinson, 1868McDunnough, 1922BOLD:AAA4097Grote, 1875BOLD:AAD9847Guen\u00e9e, 1852Guen\u00e9e, 1852BOLD:ABY9574H\u00fcbner, 1814Grote, 1873Stephens, 1829Guen\u00e9e, 1852Walker, 1856Guen\u00e9e, 1852Guen\u00e9e, 1852Walker, 1865Walker, 1859Guen\u00e9e, 1852BOLD:ACF4823Morrison, 1874H\u00fcbner, 1831BOLD:AAA6652Haworth, 1809Linnaeus, 1758Lafontaine, 1998Guen\u00e9e, 1852Guen\u00e9e, 1852BOLD:AAA4128Walker, 1865BOLD:AAC0946H\u00fcbner, 1796BOLD:AAA3933H\u00fcbner, 1808Walker, 1859Guen\u00e9e, 1852Guen\u00e9e, 1852Bosc, 1800Smith, 1888Guen\u00e9e, 1852BOLD:AAA4426Snellen, 1896BOLD:AAA2590Grote, 1875BOLD:AAD1810J. E. Smith, 1797Franclemont, 1946Godart, 1819Boisduval and Le Conte, 1835Fabricius, 1775[Schifferm\u00fcller], 1775Fabricius, 1775E. Doubleday, 1847M\u00fcller, 1764Linnaeus, 1758Drury, 1773Cramer, 1775H\u00fcbner, 1822A. Clark, 1936R. Chermock, 1947Linnaeus, 1763Cramer, 1777Cramer, 1775Drury, 1773Cramer, 1777Linnaeus, 1758[Schifferm\u00fcller], 1775Cramer, 1777Drury, 1773T. Harris, 1842Fabricius, 1798Cramer, 1775Fabricius, 1775Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Drury, 1773Rothschild and Jordan, 1906Cramer, 1777Linnaeus, 1758Fabricius, 1775Boisduval, 1852Godart, 1819T. Harris, 1829Linnaeus, 1758Boisduval and Le Conte, 1830Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:ACG9804Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAA1513Pallas, 1767BOLD:ACL8669Haworth, 1811Walker, 1864Staudinger, 1859Harris, 1839BOLD:AAB0001Chambers, 1875BOLD:ACU4456Fernald, 1882BOLD:AAA7667McDunnough, 1933Walsingham, 1879BOLD:AAU7760Fernald, 1882BOLD:AAA4119Harris, 1841BOLD:AAA1517Kearfott, 1907BOLD:AAB3571Busck, 1907BOLD:AAB7534Walker, 1863Kearfott, 1908Clemens, 1860Walsh, 1868BOLD:AAG0330Fernald, 1882Clemens, 1860Clemens, 1860Robinson, 1869Walsingham, 1895Clemens, 1860Kearfott, 1907Walker, 1859BOLD:ABY7901Denis & Schifferm\u00fcller, 1775BOLD:AAC7661Riley, 1881BOLD:AAA6740Linnaeus, 1758Hagen, 1861Byers, 1962Hine, 1901Westwood, 1846Say, 1839Linnaeus, 1758BOLD:AAG0892|BOLD:AAN7492Stephens, 1836BOLD:AAG0891Walker, 1853BOLD:AAG0906Walker, 1908Drury, 1773Fabricius, 1798Hagen, 1861Say, 1839Hagen, 1861Hagen, 1861Hagen, 1861Kellicott, 1895Hagen, 1861Williamson, 1898Hagen, 1861Say, 1839Hagen, 1861Selys, 1862Say, 1839Say, 1839Burmeister, 1839Drury, 1773Linnaeus, 1758Burmeister, 1839Drury, 1773Montgomery, 1943Hagen, 1867Say, 1839Hagen, 1861Harris, 1841Harris, 1835De Geer, 1773Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Say, 1825Fabricius, 1798De Geer, 1773Alexander and Bigelow, 1960F. Walker, 1869Beutenmuller, 1894Hancock, 1896Linnaeus, 1761Scudder, 1863Say, 1824Ricker, 1935Hagen, 1861Stephens, 1836BOLD:AAH3228|BOLD:AAN8447Ribaga, 1904M\u00fcller, 1764Rambur, 1842Banks, 1907Walker, 1853Linnaeus, 1768BOLD:ACA2933|BOLD:ACB0984Bagnall, 1920BOLD:ABA2981Osborn, 1897BOLD:AAI6861Haliday, 1836John, 1921Uzel, 1895BOLD:ACC0651Hagen, 1861Hagen, 1861BOLD:AAA3679Ross, 1938BOLD:AAA3892|BOLD:ACE5263Hagen, 1861BOLD:AAC3243Curtis, 1834Ross, 1938Morton, 1905BOLD:AAE5187Morton, 1905BOLD:AAD0137Morton, 1905Banks, 1895Hagen, 1861Walker, 1852BOLD:AAA1532Ross, 1966Walker, 1852Walker, 1852Banks, 1944Hagen, 1861BOLD:AAA3441|BOLD:ACL7631Saussure, 1858Girard, 1852Brandt, 1833BOLD:AAH4102Koch, 1838BOLD:AAV6495Brandt, 1833BOLD:AAN7523Forster, 1773Lacep\u00e8de, 1803Lesueur, 1817Rafinesque, 1818Jordan, 1885Cope, 1867Linnaeus, 1758Rafinesque, 1820Mitchill, 1817Kirtland, 1840Cope, 1865Cope, 1865Cope, 1865Rafinesque, 1820Hermann, 1804Mitchill, 1818Linnaeus, 1758Kirtland, 1840Rafinesque, 1817Linnaeus, 1758Lacep\u00e8de, 1802Lacep\u00e8de, 1802Lesueur in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1829Rafinesque, 1819Girard, 1859Rafinesque, 1820Mitchill, 1814Girard, 1859Mitchill, 1814Lesueur, 1819Rafinesque, 1818Holbrook, 1836LeConte, 1825Wied-Neuwied, 1838Wied-Neuwied, 1838Shaw, 1802Latreille in Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille, 1801Schreber, 1782LeConte, 1825Green, 1827 and Hallowell, 1856Hallowell, 1856Shaw, 1802Temminck and Schlegel, 1838Green, 1818Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Gmelin, 1789Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Brewster, 1902Linnaeus, 1758Eyton, 1838Eyton, 1838Donovan, 1809Linnaeus, 1761A. Wilson, 1814Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Richardson, 1832Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Richardson, 1831Ord, 1815Gmelin, 1789Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Gmelin, 1789Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758A. Wilson, 1812J. R. Forster, 1771Bonaparte, 1825Linnaeus, 1758Ord, 1815Ord, 1815Linnaeus, 1758B. Meyer, 1822Gunnerus, 1767Linnaeus, 1758Coues, 1862W. S. Brooks, 1915Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Bechstein, 1812Linnaeus, 1758Coues, 1861Vieillot, 1819Vieillot, 1819Linnaeus, 1766Ord, 1825Gmelin, 1789Gmelin, 1789Gmelin, 1789A. Wilson, 1813Pallas, 1770Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Rackett, 1813Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Gmelin, 1789Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758A. Wilson, 1811Bonaparte, 1828Linnaeus, 1758Vieillot, 1808Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Gmelin, 1788Pontoppidan, 1763Gmelin, 1788Vieillot, 1823Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Tunstall, 1771Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Brunnich, 1764Linnaeus, 1758Gmelin, 1789Linnaeus, 1758Vieillot, 1819Vieillot, 1808Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Bonaparte, 1838C. L. Brehm, 1822Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Audubon, 1844Allen, 1875Gmelin, 1789Linnaeus, 1758Latham, 1790Audubon, 1834A. Wilson, 1810Gmelin, 1789Merrem, 1786Linnaeus, 1758Swainson, 1827Gmelin, 1789A. Wilson, 1810Swainson, 1832Bechstein, 1798A. Wilson, 1810Gmelin, 1789J. R. Forster, 1772Linnaeus, 1758A. Wilson, 1810Linnaeus, 1758Statius Muller, 1776Gmelin, 1789W. Cooper, 1825Linnaeus, 1758Gmelin 1789Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Audubon, 1838Vieillot, 1808Linnaeus, 1758Statius Muller, 1776Wagler, 1829Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1766Boddaert, 1783Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Bonaparte, 1826Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Tunstall, 1771Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1766A. Wilson, 1811A. Wilson, 1810Linnaeus, 1766Say, 1822A. Wilson, 1811A. Wilson, 1811A. Wilson, 1812Linnaeus, 1758J. F. Gmelin, 1789A. Wilson, 1810Boddaert, 1783Linnaeus, 1766Vieillot, 1809Statius M\u00fcller, 1776A. Wilson, 1811J. F. Gmelin, 1789Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758J. R. Forster, 1772J. F. Gmelin, 1789J. F. Gmelin, 1789Linnaeus, 1766Olson & Reveal, 2009Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758J. F. Gmelin, 1789Swainson, 1832Linnaeus, 1766Lichtenstein 1823Linnaeus, 1766Latham, 1790Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1766Gmelin, 1789A. Wilson, 1810Vieillot, 1809Vieillot, 1819Pallas, 1811Lafresnaye, 1848Nuttall, 1840Gmelin, 1789Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1766Nuttall, 1831Linnaeus, 1766Brewster, 1895W. M. Baird & S. F. Baird, 1843W. M. Baird & S. F. Baird, 1843Audubon, 1828Linnaeus, 1758Latham, 1790Linnaeus, 1758Vieillot, 1808Vieillot, 1808Boddaert, 1783Linnaeus, 1766Cassin, 1851A. Wilson, 1810Lesson, 1831Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Boddaert, 1783Linnaeus, 1758Gmelin, 1788Pontoppidan, 1763Gmelin, 1788Linnaeus, 1758Barton, 1799Zimmermann, 1780Say, 1823Linnaeus, 1758Schreber, 1777Schreber, 1776Schreber, 1777Linnaeus, 1758Schreber, 1777Linnaeus, 1758Palisot de Beauvois, 1796LeConte, 1831M\u00fcller, 1776Palisot de Beauvois, 1796LeConte, 1831Trouessart, 1897Kerr, 1792Erxleben, 1777Pallas, 1778J. A. Allen, 1890Kuhl, 1820Ord, 1815Vigors, 1830Linnaeus, 1766Rafinesque, 1818Wagner, 1845Zimmermann, 1780Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Berkenhout, 1769Shaw, 1801Linnaeus, 1758Gmelin, 1788Linnaeus, 1758Erxleben, 1777Say, 1823Kerr, 1792G. M. Miller, 1895Linnaeus, 1758Linnaeus, 1758Harlan, 1827Say, 1825Holbrook, 1839Storer, 1839Linnaeus, 1766Linnaeus, 1758Schneider, 1783Say, 1816A. Binney, 1841Say, 1817E. S. Morse, 1865Tryon, 1866Say, 1821A. Binney, 1840Muller, 1774Draparnaud, 1805Say, 1816BOLD:AAN3419Linnaeus, 1758Say, 1817BOLD:ACI9420Linnaeus, 1758Beck, 1837Linnaeus, 1829/ flavofuscum(Batsch) J.F. Gmel.Bull, 1791Finley & E. F. Morris 1967Koerber, 1861Willey, 1892Vetensk-Akad, 1808Arx, 1954Schrader, 1794Bulliard, 1780Schrad, 1881Oligoporuscaesius)Fries, 1815 HertelCoppins & P. James(Dicks.) Stein(Hoffm.) Zahlbr.R.C. Harris & W.R. Buck(Ach.) K\u00f6rb.Fl\u00f6rke(Ach.) Nyl. 1872f. sorediata(Pers.) Ach.(Pers.) Nyl.(Ach.) Ach.R. C. HarrisK\u00f6rb.(Linnaeus) Hale (1986)(Stirt.) Hale(Nyl.) O. Blanco et al.HaleTaylor(Ach.) Krog(Nyl.) Krog(Gyeln.) Hale, 1974Gyelnik(Weiss) Humb.(Schreb.) Arnold(Scop.) J. Steiner(Hedwig) Hoffm.(Fr. ex E. Michener) A. Schneider(Zahlbr.) Kotlov(Hepp) Diederich & v. d. Boom(Linnaeus) Ach.Nyl.(Arnold) R. C. Harris(Ach.) L\u00fccking & Lumbsch, 2004(Linnaeus) Ach. (1809)(Ach.) Gilenstam 2005(Hoffm.) A. Massal.J. Steiner 1919(Fl\u00f6rke) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt(Essl.) Essl. 1978(Neck.) Moberg(Zahlbr.) Essl. 1978(Degel.) Moberg 1978(Th. Fr.) H. Olivier(Ehrh. ex Humb.) F\u00fcrnr.Degel.(Linnaeus) Nyl.(Ach.) Essl.(Nyl.) Poelt(Wulfen) S\u00f8chting, Fr\u00f6d\u00e9n & Arup(Ach.) Zwackh(Hepp ex Arn.) Soechting, KSrnefelt & S. Kondratyuk(RSsSnen) Soechting, KSrnefelt & S. Kondratyuk(Linnaeus) Th. Fr.(Pers.) Fr. (1822)(Tul.) Korf 1971(Batsch) Korf & S.E.Carp. (1974)(Nyl.) Kanouse 1947(Pers.) J.R.Dixon (1975)Pers. (1808)(Pers.) Fuckel, 1870(Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Korf(Linnaeus) Lambotte 1887Nees) Kuntze (1891)/erinaceous(Linnaeus) Svr\u010dek (1981)(Berk. & Curt.) Etayo(Schwein.) Tul. & C. Tul. 1860(Bolton) Ces. & De Not. 1863(Pers.) J. Kickx f. 1835(Hoffm.) P.M.D. Martin, (1970)(?)Nitschke 1867(Pers.) Grev. 1824Schaeff. 1774Peck 1878(Batsch) Lloyd 1904(O.F. M\u00fcll.) Pers. 1797(Bull.) P. Kumm. 1871BarlaWasser, 1977Lepiotanaucina)((Curtis) Redhead, Vilgalys & Hopple 2001G.F.Atk., 1906(Peck) Watling, 1981R.Maire, 1933Panaeolinafoenisecii)((Fr.) A. H. SmithGymnopilusjunonius)Nolaneastrictia) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys 2002P. Kumm, 1871Singer, 1951P. Kumm, 1871Murrill, 1914Camarophylluspratensis) A.H. Sm. & SingerGalerinamarginata) Singer, 1949(Pers.) Singer, 1947Phylotusporrigens/  Lennox, 1979Collybiabutryacea) R. H. Petersen, 2010(Scop.) Gray (1821)(Pers.) P.Kummmer, 1871(Fr.) Qu\u00e9l.,1872(Berk.) Saccardo,1891Bresadola,1887J. E. Lange, 1914(Bull.) P.Karst. (1879)A. H. Smith, 1953Marxm\u00fcller & Romagnesi, 1987 Kummer, 1871 Herink, 1973 Singer, 1951R.H. Petersen, 2010 R. H. Petersen, 2010(Jacquin) Kummer, 1871(Schaeffer) Kummer, 1871 K\u00fchner, 1935 Kummer, 1871Pluteusatricapillus) P. Kummer, 1871Pluteusgranularis)((Bull.:Fr.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson(Bull.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo (2001)(Pers.) J.E.Lange (1938)(Fr.) Maire, 1937Fries, 1815(Pers.) Fayod(Fr.) Maire(Fr.) Maire(Fr.) P. Kummer, 1871(Huds.:Fr.) P. Kummer(Fr.) Qu\u00e9let(Batsch) P.Kumm. (1871)(Batsch) Kummer, 1871 Saccardo, 1887(Pk) Sacc. Harmaja, 2003(Bres.) J.D.Arnold (1935)(K\u00fchner) A. Pearson, 1952(?)(Bull:Fr) Singer(Fr.) H.E. Bigelow 1959(Bull.) Cooke 1871Clitocybenuda)((Pers.) Singer 1936(Bull.) Maire 1926(Schaeff.) Ricken 1914(Schaeff.) P. Kumm. 1871(Schwein.) Murrill 1909Gray 1821Ehrenberg, 1818Persoon, 1801(Guzm\u00e1n) Guzm\u00e1n 1970(Peck) Snell (1959)(Peck) Kuntze 1898(Linnaeus) Roussel 1796(Linnaeus) Roussel 1796Smith 1968(Schrader) Nakasone & Burdsall, 1984Fries 1829Persoon, 1794(Persoon) Qu\u00e9let 1888(Linnaeus) Qu\u00e9let 1886Bosc (1811)Linnaeus 1753Berkeley & M.A.Curtis (1873)(Berkeley & M.A. Curtis) J\u00fclich 1982(Bolton) J. Schr\u00f6ter 1888(Linnaeus) J. Kickx, 1867Schweinitz, 1832.(Hudson) Fries 1821(Persoon) Fries 1821(Persoon) Fries 1836(Schumacher) Pil\u00e1t, 1939.(Linnaeus) Lloyd 1921(Fries) Ryvarden, 1972(Berkeley) Pil\u00e1t 1953Ginns 1984(Scopoli) Persoon, 1794(Bulliard) Persoon, 1797.(Schaeffer) Gray 1821(Persoon) Gray 1821(Blume & Nees) Fries, 1838.Persoon 1794(Fries) Fries 1838(Fries) K\u00fchner 1926(Linnaeus) Kotl.& Pouz.(Persoon) Kummer, 1871(Batsch) Fries, 1827.Lloyd) Burt 1921Ductiferapululahuana/ (Bulliard) Fries (1822)Persoon (1800)(Berkeley) Farl. (1908)(DC.) Corda(Harz) W. GamsHedw.Hedw.(With.) Brid. ex P. Beauv.(Hedw.) T. Kop.Hedw.Hedw.(Hedw.) Brid.Hedw.Hedw.(Hedw.) \u00c5ngstr. in FriesBruch(Hedw.) Bsg(Brid.) Podp.(Hedw.) P. Beauv.(Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G.(Hedw.) Lindb.(Brid.) J. Lange(Brid.) Mitt.(Hedw.) Loeske(Hedw.) Jenn.(Hedw.) Warnst.(Hedw.) Warnst.(Hedw.) H\u00fcb.(Hedw.) Schimp.(Hedw.) Grout(Hedw.) Sande Lac.(Hedw.) Jenn.Brid.(Hedw.) Web. & Mohr(Hedw.) C. M\u00fcll.Hartm.(Hedw.) Warnst.(Grev.) Crum(Hedw.) Broth.Hedw.Hedw.Mitt.(Hedw.) Crum(Bruch & Schimp. ex Sull.) Fleisch.Hedw.(Brid.) Loeske(Schimp.) Iwats.(Hedw.) Lindb.(Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G.Hedw.Hedw.(Schwaegr.) Schimp.(Hedw.) Dix.(Hedw.) Limpr.Hedw.(Hedw.) Gaertn. et al.(Hedw.) Wils.(Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G.(Hedw.) P. Beauv.Hedw.Linnaeus(Engelm.) Calder & Roy L. TaylorLinnaeusEhrh.Michx.LinnaeusSchleich. ex F. Weber & D. Mohr(Michx.) Trevis.(Linnaeus) HolubLinnaeusLinnaeusW.R. BuckWilld.Pursh(Linnaeus) Schott(Linnaeus) Salisb. ex Nutt.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) B\u00f6rner(Michx.) BakerLinnaeusLinnaeus(Engelm. ex Hegelm.) LandoltH. Karst.AitonLinnaeusLinnaeusDesf.(Linnaeus) Link(Linnaeus) LinkLinnaeusAitonR. Br.(Willd.) O.W. KnightWalterE. Sheld.Wahlenb.Boott ex Hook.Spreng.BoottOlney ex FernaldDeweySchkuhr ex Willd.Ehrh. ex L. f.BoottLam.BrittonSchwein.SchrankDeweyBoottWilld.DeweyTuck. ex OlneySchwein.Muhl. ex Willd.Wahlenb.Mack.DeweyMuhl. ex Willd.RudgeSchwein.Willd.(K\u00fck.) Mack.Ehrh.Schwein.Lam.Wahlenb.(Wahlenb.) Willd.Sartwell ex DeweyMuhl. ex Willd.Mack.HoweMuhl. ex Willd.Lam.Lam.J. CareyMack.LinnaeusSchwein.Schkuhr ex Willd.Schwein.Dewey ex Schwein.Schkuhr ex Willd.Muhl. ex Willd.Muhl. ex Willd.Lam.Schkuhr(Mack.) CrinsMuhl. ex Willd.DeweyBoottMichx.DeweyTorr.Linnaeus(Linnaeus) Britton(Linnaeus) Roem. & Schult.Schult.Linnaeus(Engelm.) Fernald(A. Gray) Hayasaka(C.C. Gmel.) PallaWilld.(Linnaeus) KunthLinnaeusRaf.(Ehrh.) Lej.LinnaeusMill.GreeneMichx.(Aiton) Raf.Nutt.Ker Gawl.(Linnaeus) L.LinnaeusLinnaeusFarw.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus Elliott(Willd.) Pursh(Aiton) RevealLinnaeus(Michx.) Salisb.Sm.(Nutt.) Zomlefer & JuddLinnaeusLinnaeus(Willd.) Rostk. & W.L.E. SchmidtTuck.Linnaeus(Muhl. ex Willd.) Torr.(Linnaeus) Crantz(Linnaeus) Raf.(Linnaeus) Rich.(Pursh) Lindl. ex L.C. Beck(Linnaeus) Lindl.(Nutt.) Luer(H.H. Eaton) AmesMichx.LinnaeusEngelm.LinnaeusWiegandLinnaeusLinnaeusWilld.LinnaeusRothLinnaeusSobol.VitmanLinnaeusLinnaeus(Schreb.) P. Beauv.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Scribn. ex Shear) Hitchc.Muhl. ex Willd.(Michx.) P. Beauv.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.(Linnaeus) Gould(Linnaeus) Harvill(Scribn.) Gould(Linnaeus) Scop.(Linnaeus) Gaertn.LinnaeusLinnaeus(J.M. Gillett & H. Senn) \u00c1. L\u00f6ve(Linnaeus) GouldWiegandLinnaeusLinnaeus(Nash) Batch.(Michx.) Trin.(Hartm.) Holmb.Hitchc.(Lam.) Hitchc.(Linnaeus) Sw.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Willd.) Trin.(Linnaeus) Trin.(Willd.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.Michx.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Smith) Romaschenko, P.M. Peterson & SorengLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Torr.) Swallen(Michx.) Nash(Linnaeus) P. Beauv.(Linnaeus) Nash(Torr. ex A. Gray) Alph. WoodLeysserA. Gray(Linnaeus) P. Beauv.Linnaeus(Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.(Poir.) Roem. & Schult.LinkLinnaeusLinnaeusNutt.Engelm.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.(Linnaeus) DC.Linnaeus(Michx.) Nutt.Sommier & Levier(Michx.) C.B. ClarkeFernaldLinnaeusWalter(Linnaeus) Britton(Linnaeus) W.D.J. Koch(Miq.) Seem.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) King & H. Rob.LinnaeusLinnaeusGreeneLinnaeusBernh.(Michx.) H.M. Hall & Clem.LinnaeusLinnaeusMuhl. ex Willd.LinnaeusGreeneLinnaeusLinnaeus(Gugler) HayekLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Scop.(Muhl. ex Willd.) Spreng.Michx.(Linnaeus) Scop.(Canby) B. Boivin(Savi) Ten.(Linnaeus) Moench(Linnaeus) Rafinesque ex de Candolle(Linnaeus) Pers.LinnaeusLinnaeusMichx.Muhl. ex Willd.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Cass.(Linnaeus) Nutt.(Linnaeus) E.E. Lamont(Linnaeus) E.E. LamontRaf.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) SweetLinnaeusFr.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLam.Michx.DC.(Linnaeus) Hooker(Linnaeus) HookerLinnaeus(Linnaeus) \u00c1. L\u00f6ve & D. L\u00f6ve(Wimmer & Grabowski) FriesX floribundum(Linnaeus) F.W. Schultz & Schultz Bipontinus(Dumortier) P.D. Sell & C. WestF.W. Schultz & Schultz Bipontinus(Villars) Soj\u00e1k(Gochnat) S. Br\u00e4utigam & Greuter(Vent.) BarnhartLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusAitonMuhl. ex Willd.AitonAitonMuhl. ex Willd.(Torr. & A. Gray) B. BoivinLinnaeusMill.Muhl. ex Willd.Linnaeus(Linnaeus) HillLinnaeus(Linnaeus) G.L. Nesom(Linnaeus) G.L. Nesom(Linnaeus) \u00c1. L\u00f6ve & D. L\u00f6ve(Willd.) G.L. Nesom(Linnaeus) \u00c1. L\u00f6ve & D. L\u00f6ve(Lindl. ex DC.) G.L. Nesom(Linnaeus) G.L. Nesom(Linnaeus) G.L. Nesom(Riddell) G.L. Nesom(Riddell) G.L. Nesom(Willd.) G.L. Nesom(Linnaeus) \u00c1. L\u00f6ve & D. L\u00f6ve(Elliot) G.L. Nesom(Lindl.) G.L. NesomLinnaeusF.H. Wigg.Scop.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) I.M. Johnst.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) BesserLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grandeor petiolataW.T. Aiton(Linnaeus) DC.(Linnaeus) Czern.Linnaeus(Linnaeus) Medik.(Schreb. ex Muhl.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.(Michx.) Sw.(Michx.) Alph. Wood(Nutt.) Alph. WoodMuhl. ex Willd.LinnaeusW.T. AitonLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Moq.) J.D. SauerLinnaeusLinnaeus(Hartm.) Greuter & BurdetLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Mill.) Britten & Rendle(Moench) GarckeLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Opiz(Linnaeus) M. G\u00f3mezLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) A. GrayLinnaeus(Thunb.) SieboldJacq.Nutt.L. f.LinnaeusRaf.Lam.Lam.Michx.(Michx.) Torr. & A. GrayLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusAitonSchult.Mill.(Linnaeus) Honck.(Torr.) Hult\u00e9nBartram & W. Bartram ex MarshallLinnaeusA. GrayLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Michx.) House(Linnaeus) S.F. BlakeHook.E.P. BicknellLinnaeus(Torrey & A. Gray) F.G. MeyerMeerb.Linnaeus(Linnaeus) Muhl. ex BigelowLinnaeusAitonMichx.(Linnaeus) U. Manns & AnderbergNutt.LinnaeusLinnaeusPursh(Linnaeus) FernaldMedik.(Linnaeus) DC.PurshMichx.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusMedik.LinnaeusPollichSchreb.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusMuhl. ex Willd.Linnaeus(Linnaeus) Gaertn.(Du Roi) R.T. ClausenBrittonMarshallRothMarshallLinnaeus FurlowWalterMarshall(Mill.) K. KochEhrh.LinnaeusWilld.E.J. HillMichx.M\u00fcnchh.LinnaeusLam.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusX floribundumLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusGriseb.Schwein.(Linnaeus) Small(Froel.) Ma(Raf.) Holubor virgataLinnaeusMichx.RoyleNutt.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusRaf.LinnaeusMichx.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Wangenh.) K. Koch(Mill.) Sweet(Mill.) K. KochLinnaeus(Linnaeus) M. Bieb.LinnaeusLinnaeusWeakley, Witsell & D. EstesLehm.Nutt.Linnaeus(Linnaeus) KuntzeLinnaeus(Pursh) Benth.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusMuhl. ex W.P.C. BartramGreeneMichx.Linnaeusauct. non L.LinnaeusX piperitaLinnaeusLinnaeusSimsLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Benth.Linnaeus(W.P.C. Barton) Piper & BeattieLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Rob. & FernaldLinnaeusLinnaeusPurshLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusMill.LinnaeusLinnaeusDecne.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLehm.Vent.Linnaeus(Linnaeus) BlumeLinnaeus(Linnaeus) DunalLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLam.LinnaeusLinnaeusW. Bartram ex MarshallMichx.LinnaeusMichx.Medik.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) HolubLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Hill(Lehm.) Hoch & P.H. RavenBiehlerLinnaeusRaf.Muhl.Short & PeterLinnaeusNuttallLinnaeusJ.F. Gmel.Linnaeus(Goldie) Walp.(Linnaeus) Bernh.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusEhrh.Linnaeusor grandifloraLinnaeusLinnaeus(Willdenow) J.R. Abbott(Linnaeus) \u00c1. L\u00f6ve(Linnaeus) Holub(Michx.) SmallGray(Elliott) Small(Linnaeus) H. GrossLinnaeus(Rafinesque) U. Manns & AnderbergLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusMichx.Mill.DC.Linnaeus(Linnaeus) Michx.LinnaeusLinnaeusElliott(Aiton) Willd.(DC.) G. Lawson(DC.) H. HaraLinnaeusA. GrayLinnaeusLinnaeus(Oakes) Alph. WoodLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Salisb.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Greene) T. DuncanPoir.LinnaeusLinnaeusFisch. & Av\u00e9-Lall.LinnaeusPursh(Linnaeus) Eames & B. BoivinLinnaeusThunb.(Linnaeus) Nutt.Mill.L'H\u00e9r.LinnaeusLinnaeusMill.LinnaeusGrauerMichx.(Pers.) Poir.LinnaeusLinnaeusPall.LinnaeusLinnaeusWallr.(F. Michx.) FernaldWiegand(Lam.) K. Koch FernaldAsheLinnaeusSarg.Jacq.auct. non (Linnaeus) Rydb.LinnaeusDuchesneJacq.Jacq.(Michaux) SmedmarkMurrayLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Mill.Mill.(Linnaeus) Maxim.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusMichx.Marshall(Linnaeus) L.LinnaeusL. f.Ehrh.LinnaeusLinnaeusAitonL. sensu 1759, non 1753Thunb.MarshallThunb.Mill.PorterLinnaeusWilld.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusRaf.(Linnaeus) KuntzeMarshallLinnaeusDu Roi(Michx.) SmallLinnaeusLinnaeusRaf.LinnaeusMichx.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusMichx.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusAnderssonSarg.Fl\u00fcgg\u00e9 ex Willd.Muhl.Muhl.Michx.Nutt.MarshallMuhl.MarshallPurshSm.Linnaeus(L.H. Bailey) FernaldLinnaeusF. MichauxLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusMarshallLam.AitonLinnaeus(Greene) Gillis Erskine(Linnaeus) KuntzeMill.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusKom.LinnaeusMarsh.Marshall(Linnaeus) Wallr.(Linnaeus) W.P.C. Barton(Linnaeus) Farw.(Linnaeus) PennellLinnaeusNutt. ex Sims(Linnaeus) Willd.PurshLinnaeusLinnaeusSchwein. ex Benth.(Linnaeus) PurshLinnaeusWilld. ex Schult.LinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusNeesLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusLinnaeusMuhl.Sarg.(Linnaeus) Sw.(Linnaeus) Wedd.(Linnaeus) A. Gray(Aiton) SelanderLinnaeusLinnaeusSm.LinnaeusAitonSchrankF.E. LloydGreeneAitonA. GrayPurshWilld.(Leconte) L.E. McKinney(Linnaeus) Planch.Michx.LinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Dumort.(Schrad.) Dum.(Linnaeus) Pfeiff.(Linnaeus) Dum.Gottsche(Linnaeus) Raddi(Linnaeus) Lindb.LinnaeusLinnaeusPurshLinnaeusMill.(Du Roi) K. Koch(Linnaeus) Karst.(Moench) VossEngelm.Lamb.AitonLinnaeusLinnaeus(Linnaeus) Carri\u00e8re(Linnaeus) Michaux(Linnaeus) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.LinnaeusHuds.(Desv.) Underw. ex A. Heller(Willd.) G. Lawson(Linnaeus) Bernh.(Linnaeus) Bernh.or tenuis(Sw.) M. KatoWherry(Vill.) H.P. Fuchsor spinulosa(D.C. Eaton) Dowell(Linnaeus) A. Gray(Hook. ex Goldie) A. Gray(Muhl. ex Willd.) A. Gray(Linnaeus) A. Gray(Linnaeus) Newman(Willd.) C.V. MortonLinnaeus(Michx.) SchottLinnaeus(Willd.) A. GrayLinnaeusor vulgareLinnaeusMett. ex Kuhn(Linnaeus) Nieuwl.(G. Lawson) Fernald(Linnaeus) C. Presl(Linnaeus) C. PreslThe two surveying strategies \u2013 a four-month long terrestrial arthropod survey, followed by a concentrated bioblitz targeting a variety of taxa \u2013 resulted in 25,287 and 3,502 specimens barcoded, respectively, out of a total of 32,645 specimens collected. Observations of an additional 125 species and two higher taxa (for which no voucher specimen was kept) were recorded at the bioblitz , BOLD:AAD5253 (Chironomidae: Thienemanniellaxena), and BOLD:AAP5920 (Chironomidae: Cricotopustriannulatus) with 349, 636, and 1619 specimens collected. For these three BINs, and many similarly abundant BINs, the presence of closely allied and morphologically similar taxa makes oversampling of these exceptionally common species unavoidable.The most diverse groups were ATBI effort in 1998 and have tallied 18,545 of the estimated 100,000 species present in the park. In only a few months, our survey found 20% of the Great Smoky Mountains total from 17 years of effort. The Great Smoky Mountains National Park has recognized the contribution DNA barcoding can play in their ATBI effort and have included this method in their survey  for instance were completely absent from the prior inventory. Using the expertise of single specialist, focused collecting efforts, and a comprehensive barcode reference library for Canadian spiders  and three representing new provincial records   were added, all new to the reserve; 14 species of fishes were observed, adding three to the previous list of 28; and one mammal  of the six observed were added to the list for a total of 37. In terms of BINs, many under-represented taxa did not witness a dramatic increase in named species, but did see large numbers of individual (and unnamed) BINs inventoried; the mites  and gall midges  are remarkable examples.The biotic inventory of  spiders  our survThe rapidness of conducting this inventory was due to the acceleration of several steps that comprise the procedure. Firstly, several types of passive traps were employed to acquire large sample sizes for minimal collector effort. For instance, malaise traps often collect 2,000 specimens in a single week with only minutes of servicing time. Secondly, as discussed above, the addition of DNA barcoding streamlines sorting of the material, dividing the specimens into distinct units, minimizing the total number of specimens that require examination. Thirdly, in addition to the initial sorting, barcoding also provides nearly instant taxonomic assignment by querying against reference libraries using BOLD; the resolution of the assignment for queried records depends on the completeness of the reference library. Fourthly, the processing of the bioblitz material and analyses of the DNA barcode data were accelerated at all possible stages to test how quickly a large volume of specimens could proceed through all steps. The generation of data following the bioblitz was impressive: tissue sampling and lysis within 12 hours; DNA extraction and PCR within 24 h; cycle sequencing, cleanup and sequencer loading by 48 h; edited and validated sequences on BOLD by 72 h; taxonomic assignment, data release and manuscript presubmission by 96 h; final manuscript submission to BDJ by 108 h. The laboratory steps are mostly accelerated by automation, while data sharing is greatly facilitated by data release platforms such as BOLD and the Integrated Publishing Toolkit of Canadensys , and finMany BINs are presently identified only to family, subfamily, or at most, genus level. It's important to note that the inventoried taxa that lack species-level determination, including intractable groups such as mites and midges, will be refined over time. Not only does DNA barcoding, empowered by the BIN system, roughly sort the material to direct and minimize the efforts of taxonomic experts , but it Braconidae, particularly the subfamily Microgastrinae). For other BINs, and over a longer period of time, it will be necessary to solicit determinations from our network of collaborators that specialize on Nearctic taxa. The public release of these data to multiple data repositories should also aid in recruiting active specialists presently outside our network. The vouchered material, all deposited in a single repository (BIOUG), can be quickly assembled and loaned out, along with the associated data and files that may assist in determinations  inventoried for rare (584) is nearly six times the number of Canadian species described to date . Until the species binomial is determined or described, this URI can be used in its place. For example, this URI permits assessing and comparing local diversity  \u2013 would be linked to the original paper, allowing for continuing improvement and additions to the species list for the reserve. It is important to emphasize that the taxa awaiting species-level determination still have persistent identifiers as part of the BIN system; each BIN is assigned a BOLD-generated uniform resource identifier (URI) upon its establishment  for creation of an accumulation curve.File: oo_54647.xlsxTelfer et al.Supplementary material 12Sampling and new record imagesData type: imagesBrief description: Images of sampling sites, sampling techniques, specimen processing, and three new provincial spider reccords.File: oo_54975.pdfTelfer et al."}
+{"text": "There is a missing affiliation for Dr. Madhu Beta. Madhu Beta is affiliated with 1. L & T Ocular Pathology Department, Kamalanayan Bajaj Research Institute, Vision Research Foundation, No 18/41, College Road, Chennai- 600006, Tamil Nadu, India and 3. CeNTAB, SASTRA  University, Thanjavur, India."}
+{"text": "AbstractAnisopodidae, Bibionidae, Canthyloscelididae, Mycetobiidae, Pachyneuridae and Scatopsidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland. The Finnish species of these families were last listed in 1980. After that two species of Anisopodidae, four species of Bibionidae and six species of Scatopsidae have been added to the Finnish fauna and two species of Scatopsidae have been removed from the Finnish fauna.A checklist of the families  Anisopodidae, Bibionidae, Canthyloscelididae, Mycetobiidae, Pachyneuridae and Scatopsidae) are included in this paper. All six families have been rather poorly collected and studied in Finland. Bibionidae. During the last one hundred years, foreign specialists have conPageBreaktributed the majority of the new records and taxonomic treatises. Some Anisopodidae were treated by Bibionidae by Scatopsidae by Anapausis Enderlein Sylvicolafenestralis Sylvicolafuscatoides Michelsen, 1999fuscatus sensu Andersson 1967, nec Fabricius= Sylvicolafuscatus Sylvicolapunctatus Sylvicolastackelbergi Krivosheina & Menzel, 1998Sylvicolazetterstedti PageBreakMYCETOBIIDAE Winnertz, 1863MYCETOBIA Meigen, 1818Mycetobiapallipes Meigen, 1818Bibionoidea Fleming, 1821superfamily BIBIONIDAE Fleming, 1821BIBIONINAE Fleming, 1821BIBIO Geoffroy, 1762Bibiobrunnipes fulvipes = Bibioclavipes Meigen, 1818Bibioferruginatus Bibiofulvicollis Gimmerthal, 1842festinans = Bibiojohannis Bibiolautaretensis Villeneuve, 1925crassipes Duda, 1930= Bibiolongipes Loew, 1864lepidus Loew, 1871= Bibiomarci Bibionigriventris Haliday, 1833Bibiopomonae Bibiorufipes Bibiosiebkei Mik, 1887femoralis  preocc.= Bibiovaripes Meigen, 1830DILOPHUS Meigen, 1803Dilophusborealis Skartveit, 1993Dilophusfebrilis Dilophusfemoratus Meigen, 1804PLECIINAE Fleming, 1821PENTHETRIA Meigen, 1803Penthetriafunebris Meigen, 1804holosericea Meigen, 1818= Scatopsoidea Newman, 1834superfamily SCATOPSIDAE Newman, 1834ASPISTINAE Rondani, 1840ARTHRIA Kirby in Richardson, 1837Arthriaanalis ASPISTES Meigen, 1818Aspistesberolinensis Meigen, 1818PageBreakAspistesfreyi Cook, 1965Aspisteshelleni Krivosheina, 2000ECTAETIINAE Enderlein, 1936ECTAETIA Enderlein, 1912Ectaetiaclavipes Ectaetiaplatyscelis PSECTROSCIARINAE Cook, 1963ANAPAUSIS Enderlein, 1912Anapausisfloricola Chandler, 1999soluta misid.= Anapausisrectinervis Duda, 1928SCATOPSINAE Newman, 1834Colobostematini Amorim, 1994tribe COLOBOSTEMA Enderlein, 1926Colobostemainfumatum Colobostemanigripenne Colobostematriste EFCOOKELLA Haenni, 1998Efcookellaalbitarsis FERNEIELLA Cook in Freeman, 1985Ferneiellaincompleta HOLOPLAGIA Enderlein, 1912Holoplagiabullata Holoplagiatransversalis Rhegmoclematini Cook, 1955tribe RHEGMOCLEMINA Enderlein, 1936Rhegmocleminavaginata THRIPOMORPHA Enderlein, 1905Rhegmoclema Enderlein, 1912= Thripomorphafreyi Thripomorphahalteratum Thripomorphapaludicola Enderlein, 1905edwardsi = Thripomorphaverralli Scatopsini Newman, 1834tribe APILOSCATOPSE Cook, 1974Apiloscatopseflavicollis Apiloscatopseflavocincta REICHERTELLA Enderlein, 1912Reichertellageniculata SCATOPSE Geoffroy, 1762Scatopselapponica Duda, 1928Scatopsenotata PageBreakSwammerdamellini Cook, 1972tribe COBOLDIA Melander, 1916Coboldiafuscipes RHEXOZA Enderlein, 1936Rhexozasubnitens SWAMMERDAMELLA Enderlein, 1912Swammerdamellaadercotris Cook, 1972Swammerdamellabrevicornis Swammerdamellagenypodis Cook, 1972CANTHYLOSCELIDIDAE Enderlein, 1912CANTHYLOSCELIDINAE Enderlein, 1912HYPEROSCELIS Hardy & Nagatomi, 1960Hyperosceliseximia Hyperoscelisveternosa Mamaev & Krivosheina, 1969SYNNEURINAE Enderlein, 1936SYNNEURON Lundstr\u00f6m, 1910Synneuronannulipes Lundstr\u00f6m, 1910Pachyneuroidea Schiner, 1864superfamily PACHYNEURIDAE Schiner, 1864PACHYNEURA Zetterstedt, 1838Pachyneurafasciata Zetterstedt, 1838Anapausissoluta : Specimens under the name Anapausissoluta in the earlier checklist (Anapausisfloricola Chandler, 1999.hecklist  represenSwammerdamellaacuta Cook, 1956: Has not been found within present borders of Finland.Aspisteshelleni Krivosheina, 2000 in this checklist based on other material than the one mentioned by"}
+{"text": "AbstractChloropidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland. Centorisomaelegantulum Becker is recorded for the first time from Finland.A checklist of 147 species the  Chloropidae is a large family of acalyptrate Diptera. It belongs to superfamily Carnoidea with Milichiidae as the closest relative. The classification of the family used follows The Gaurax, Incertella and Rhopalopterum need more attention as there are several species in these genera known from neighbouring countries but not from Finland.The North European chloropid fauna has recently been revised by PageBreakThis checklist is based mostly on museum material in the Finnish Natural History museum (MZH) studied by E. Nartshuk. The Finnish species were last listed in Number of species:World: 2880 species Europe: 394 speciesFinland: 149\u2013150 speciesFaunistic knowledge level in Finland: averageBrachycera Macquart, 1834suborder Eremoneura Lameere, 1906clade Cyclorrhapha Brauer, 1863clade Schizophora Becher, 1882infraorder Muscaria Enderlein, 1936clade Acalyptratae Macquart, 1835parvorder Carnoidea Newman, 1834superfamily CHLOROPIDAE Rondani, 1856CHLOROPINAE Rondani, 1856CENTORISOMA Hendel, 1907Centorisomaelegantulum Becker, 1910 (see Notes)CETEMA Hendel, 1907Centor Loew, 1866 preocc.= Cetemasg.  Hendel, 1907Cetemacereris Cetemaelongatum Cetemamyopinum Cetemaneglectum Tonnoir, 1921Cetemasimile Ismay, 1985CHLOROPS Meigen, 1803Oscinis Latreille, 1804= Chloropssg.  Meigen, 1803Chloropsanthracophagoides Strobl, 1900 (see Notes)Chloropscalceatus Meigen, 1830Chloropscentromaculatus Duda, 1933Chloropsgeminatus Meigen, 1830Chloropsgracilis Meigen, 1830Chloropshypostigma Meigen, 1830Chloropskirigaminensis Kanmiya, 1978PageBreakzonulatus auct. nec Wahlgren, 1913= Chloropslaetus Meigen, 1830Chloropsmeigenii Loew, 1866rufescens Oldenberg, 1923= Chloropsnigripalpis crassipalpis Smirnov, 1958= Chloropsobscurellus brunnipes auct. nec = Chloropspalpatus Smirnov, 1959Chloropspannonicus Strobl, 1893Chloropsplanifrons triangularis Becker, 1910= Chloropspumilionis Chloropsringens Loew, 1866Chloropsriparius Smirnov, 1958Chloropsrossicus Smirnov, 1955Chloropsrufinus citrinellus = Chloropsscalaris Meigen, 1830Chloropsscutellaris laevicollis Becker, 1910= freyi Duda, 1933= Chloropsserenus Loew, 1866Chloropsspeciosus Meigen, 1830Chloropstroglodytes Sclerophallussg.  Beschovski, 1978Chloropslimbatus Meigen, 1830brevimanus Loew, 1866= Chloropsvarsoviensis Becker, 1910CHLOROPSINA Becker, 1911Chloropsinadistinguenda CRYPTONEVRA Lioy, 1864Cryptonevradiadema Cryptonevraflavitarsis DIPLOTOXA Loew, 1863Diplotoxamessoria DIPLOTOXOIDES Andersson, 1977Diplotoxoidesdalmatina EPICHLOROPS Becker, 1910Epichloropspuncticollis EUTROPHA Loew, 1866Eutrophafulvifrons Eutrophavariegata Loew, 1866PageBreakLASIOSINA Becker, 1910Lasiosinaalbipila Lasiosinabrevisurstylata Dely-Draskovits, 1977Lasiosinaherpini cinctipes auct. nec = Lasiosinaparvipennis Duda, 1933MELANUM Becker, 1910Melanumlaterale MEROMYZA Meigen, 1830Meromyzasg.  Meigen, 1830Meromyzacurvinervis hybrida P\u00e9terfi, 1961= Meromyzaelbergi Fedoseeva, 1979Meromyzaingrica Nartshuk, 1992Meromyzamosquensis Fedoseeva, 1960Meromyzanigriseta Fedoseeva, 1960Meromyzanigriventris Macquart, 1835rostrata Hubicka, 1966= Meromyzaornata sororcula Fedoseeva, 1962= Meromyzapalposa Fedoseeva, 1960Meromyzapluriseta P\u00e9terfi, 1961Meromyzapratorum Meigen, 1830Meromyzarohdendorfi Fedoseeva, 1974Meromyzasaltatrix Meromyzasibirica Fedoseeva, 1961Meromyzatriangulina Fedoseeva, 1960Meromyzavariegata Meigen, 1830lidiae Nartshuk, 1992= Meromyzazimzerla Nartshuk, 1992NEOHAPLEGIS Beschovski, 1981Neohaplegistarsata PLATYCEPHALA Fall\u00e9n, 1820Platycephalaplanifrons Platycephalaumbraculata PSEUDOPACHYCHAETA Strobl, 1902Pseudopachychaetaapproximatonervis Pseudopachychaetaoscinina heleocharis = Pseudopachychaetaruficeps THAUMATOMYIA Zenker, 1833Thaumatomyiaglabra Thaumatomyiahallandica Andersson, 1966PageBreakThaumatomyianotata Thaumatomyiarufa Thaumatomyiatrifasciata TRICHIEURINA Duda, 1933Trichieurinapubescens OSCINELLINAE Becker, 1910APHANOTRIGONUM Duda, 1932Aphanotrigonumcinctellum fasciella = Aphanotrigonumhungaricum Dely-Draskovits, 1981Aphanotrigonumnigripes Aphanotrigonumtrilineatum beschovskii Dely-Draskovits, 1981= ASPISTYLA Duda, 1933Aspistylaplumiger CALAMONCOSIS Enderlein, 1911Calamoncosissg.  Enderlein, 1911Calamoncosisaprica Calamoncosisduinensis Calamoncosisminima Calamoncosisoscinella Rhaphiopygasg.  Nartshuk, 1971Calamoncosisglyceriae Nartshuk, 1958COLLINIELLA Nartshuk & Andersson, 2013Colliniellameijerei  (see Notes)CONIOSCINELLA Duda, 1929Conioscinellafrontella Conioscinellagallarum Conioscinellalivida Nartshuk, 1970Conioscinellamimula Collin, 1946Conioscinellasordidella Conioscinellazetterstedti Andersson, 1966DICRAEUS Loew, 1873Dicraeussg.  Loew, 1873Dicraeustibialis Oedesiellasg.  Becker, 1910Dicraeusfennicus Duda, 1932Dicraeusrossicus Stackelberg, 1955Paroedesiellasg.  Anonymous in Imperial Institute of Entomology, 1937Dicraeusnitidus Wahlgren, 1913napaeus Collin, 1946= Dicraeusstyriacus vallaris Collin, 1946= PageBreakDicraeusvagans ELACHIPTERA Macquart, 1835Elachipteracornuta Elachipteradiastema Collin, 1946Elachipterascrobiculata tenuiseta = Elachipteratuberculifera ERIBOLUS Becker, 1910Eribolusgracilior Eribolushungaricus Becker, 1910Eribolusnana sudeticus Becker, 1910= Eribolusslesvicensis Becker, 1910GAMPSOCERA Schiner, 1862Gampsoceranumerata GAURAX Loew, 1863Gauraxborealis Gauraxdubius Gauraxephippium strobilum Karps, 1981= Gauraxfascipes Becker, 1910Gauraxmacrocerus Gauraxmaculipennis HAPLEGINELLA Duda, 1933Hapleginellalaevifrons INCERTELLA Sabrosky, 1980Incertellaalbipalpis Incertellakerteszi Incertellanigrifrons Incertellascotica Incertellazuercheri LASIAMBIA Anonymous in Imperial Instutute of Entomology, 1937Lasiambia Enderlein, 1936= Lasiambia Sabrosky, 1941= Lasiambiabrevibucca Lasiambiacoxalis oophila = Lasiambiapalposa LIPARA Meigen, 1830Liparalucens Meigen, 1830Liparapullitarsis Dosko\u010dil & Chv\u00e1la, 1971rufitarsis misid.= MICROCERCIS Beschovski, 1978PageBreakMicrocercistrigonella OSCINELLA Becker, 1909Oscinellasg.  Becker, 1909Oscinellaangularis Collin, 1946Oscinellacariciphila Collin, 1946Oscinellafrit Oscinellamaura albiseta = Oscinellanigerrima Oscinellanitidissima Oscinellapusilla Oscinellaventricosi Nartshuk, 1956Oscinellavindicata hortensis Collin, 1946= OSCINIMORPHA Lioy, 1864Oscinimorphaminutissima Oscinimorphasordidissima OSCINISOMA Lioy, 1864Oscinisomacognatum POLYODASPIS Duda, 1933Polyodaspisruficornis Polyodaspissulcicollis RHOPALOPTERUM Duda, 1929Rhopalopterumanthracinum Rhopalopterumatricillum atripes = Rhopalopterumatricorne platythorax = Rhopalopterumbrunneipenne Beschovski & Lansbury, 1987Rhopalopterumfasciolum Rhopalopterumfemorale SIPHONELLA Macquart, 1835Siphonellaoscinina SIPHUNCULINA Rondani, 1856Siphunculinaaenea SPECCAFRONS Sabrosky, 1980Speccafronshalophila TRACHYSIPHONELLA Enderlein, 1936Trachysiphonellaruficeps pygmaea = Trachysiphonellascutellata TRICIMBA Lioy, 1864Nartshukiellasg.  Beschovski, 1981PageBreakTricimbacincta sulcella = Tricimbasg.  Lioy, 1864Tricimbalineella Chloropsfiguratus  not found within present borders.Centorisomaelegantulum Becker, 1910. First records from Finland: 1 ex Ta: Heinola, Lusi, July 2013, leg. J. Kahanp\u00e4\u00e4; 6 exx N: Loviisa, 2013, leg. Jari Flinck.Chloropsanthracophagoides Strobl, 1900. Recorded in Colliniellameijerei . Recently added to the list of Finnish Diptera ( Diptera ."}
+{"text": "Address for Correspondence has been corrected as: Dr. Vivek Chaturvedi, Associate Professor,Department of Cardiology, GB Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India. E-Mail:chaturvedimd@gmail.com"}
+{"text": "The papers in this volume will be presented at the twelfth RECOMB Comparative Genomics Conference, being held at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. All the papers are original research contributions. We received thirty-three submissions from seventeen countries: Australia, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, The Islamic Republic of Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Norway, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Turkey and United States of America. While the list is based on the affiliated institutes, we are certain that the authors themselves represent an even wider geography. The program committee (PC) members were from five countries, working in multiple time zones, and did an excellent job. We targeted about three independent reviews for each of the submissions. At the end of the day, the PC made the difficult decision of selecting twenty papers for oral presentation at the conference. Due to the typical limitations of a conference setting, many worthy submissions did not make it to this volume. The accepted papers can be roughly categorized in the following sub-areas of comparative genomics: (1) Genome Rearrangement; (2) Phylogeny/Phylogenomics; (3) Evolution models and implications; (4) Exomics (comparative study of expression data).The conference program also includes five invited speakers: Jaume Bertranpetit, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Joseph Nadeau, Pacific Northwest Diabetes Research Institute, Seattle, USA; Ajay Royyuru, IBM T J Watson Research, Yorktown Heights, USA; Adam Siepel, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA; Doreen Ware, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, USA.We would like to thank the PC members and the subreviewers for their time and diligence for the excellent program, and the Publication team for bringing about this volume. We are also grateful to the invited speakers for accepting our invitation to speak at the conference, and, to discuss exciting and disruptive research directions.Program Committee:Gabriela Alexe, Harvard Medical School, USAAnne Bergeron, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec a Montr\u00e9al, CanadaGyan Bhanot, Rutgers, USACedric Chauve, Simon Fraser University, CanadaMiklos Csuros, Universit\u00e9 de Montreal, CanadaNevenka Dimitrova, Philips Research, USANadia El-Mabrouk, University of Montreal, CanadaKatharina Jahn, Bielefeld University, GermanyAsif Javed, GIS A-STAR, SingaporeStefano Lonardi, UC Riverside, USAIon Mandoiu, University of Connecticut, USABud Mishra, New York University, USAMacha Nikolski, University Bordeaux, FranceAida Ouangraoua, INRIA, FranceMegan Owen, Lehman College, USALaxmi Parida, IBM T J Watson Research, USA (Chair)Itsik P\u00e9er, Columbia University, USATeresa Przytycka, NCBI/NIH, USARaul Rabadan, Columbia University, USAMarie-France Sagot, INRIA, FranceJens Stoye, Bielefeld University, GermanyKrister Swenson, Institut de Biologie Computationnelle, FranceEric Tannier, INRIA, FranceYufeng Wu, University of Connecticut, USASophia Yancopoulos, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, USAChunfang Zheng, University of Ottawa, CanadaSubreviewers:Henry Lin (Nevenka Dimitrova)David Sankoff (Chunfang Zheng)Julien Allali (Marie-France Sagot)Eric Chen (Chunfang Zheng)Rachid Ounit (Stefano Lonardi)Daniel Doerr (Jens Stoye)Pedro Feijao (Jens Stoye)Paul Guertin (Aida Ouangraoua)Vartika Agrawal (Nevenka Dimitrova)Roland Wittler (Jens Stoye)Yu Lin (Krister Swenson)Guillaume Fertin (Marie-France Sagot)Hayssam Soueidan (Macha Nikolski)Hind Alhakami (Stefano Lonardi)Mathieu Raffinot (Marie-France Sagot)Nina Luhmann (Jens Stoye)Anton Polishko (Stefano Lonardi)Ran Libeskind-Hadas (Stefano Lonardi)Daniel S. Rosenbloom (Raul Rabadan)Jean-Francois Gout (Marie-France Sagot)Jiguang Wang (Raul Rabadan)Publication Team:Niina Haiminen, IBM T J Watson Research, USAFilippo Utro, IBM T J Watson Research, USA"}
+{"text": "AbstractChaoboridae, Dixidae, Thaumaleidae, Psychodidae and Ptychopteridae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is given. Four species, Dixelladyari Garret, 1924 (Dixidae), Threticustridactilis , Panimerusalbifacies  and Panimerusprzhiboroi Wagner, 2005 (Psychodidae) are reported for the first time from Finland.A checklist of the families  Psychodidae or moth flies are an intermediately diverse family of nematocerous flies, comprising over 3000 species world-wide  and Pneumiapalustris have been suggested to be synonymous with Pneumiagracilis  , Panimerusalbifacies  and Panimerusprzhiboroi Wagner, 2005 (see Notes).rld-wide . Its taxrld-wide . The nomgian one . For difn, 1893) . Both thPsychodidae are very well studied compared to other Nordic countries, however new species are still being discovered at a regular rate. Most of these are new country records, but in recent years the fauna has also yielded some species new to science (Finnish Chaoboridae) are close relatives to mosquitoes (Culicidae) and meniscus midges (Dixidae) (Mochlonyx were still doubtful).Phantom midges (Dixidae) , 1997. TChaoborusflavicans. The other species live in small fishless lakes, ponds and springs where their predators are mainly dragon flies, dytiscid beetles and frogs. Chaoborusnyblaei and Cryophilalapponica are found from small fishless ponds on fells and ponds created by melting water. However, in 2013 larvae of Chaoborusnyblaei were found from the boreal zone, NE Lapland (Savukoski) from a small but permanent pond. Chaoboruspallidus lives in eutrophic lakes and small lakes in southern and central Finland  belong to infraorder Culicomorpha. There are nearly 200 known species of which 53 occur in the Palaearctic region. In Finland two genera and 16 species are present  is reported here for the first time from Finland (see Notes). Larvae of meniscus midges dwell in or slightly above water meniscus, having a characteristic U-shaped position  is a small family belonging to infraorder Culicomorpha. Globally, nearly 200 species are known of which 76 are European. Central European mountains harbor a rich assemblage of trickle midges  belong to infraorder Ptychopteromorpha, being a sister group of Psychdomorpha and Culicomorpha BERDENIELLA Vaillant, 1976Berdeniellafreyi CLYTOCERUS Eaton, 1904Boreoclytocerussg.  Duckhouse, 1978Clytocerusocellaris Clytocerusrivosus Clytocerustetracorniculatus Wagner, 1977PERICOMA Walker, 1856Pachypericomasg.  Vaillant, 1978Pericomablandula Eaton, 1893Pericomanielseni Kvifte, 2010formosa Nielsen, 1964 = Pericomasg.  Walker, 1856Pericomarivularis Berd\u00e9n, 1954PNEUMIA Enderlein, 1935Pneumiaborealis Pneumiabucegica Pneumiamutua Pneumianubila ? Pneumiapalustris ? Pneumiapilularia Pneumiastammeri Pneumiatrivialis Pneumiaussurica ULOMYIA Walker, 1856Ulomyiacognata Ulomyiafuliginosa Psychodini Newman, 1834tribe PHILOSEPEDON Eaton, 1904Philosepedonbalkanicus Krek, 1970Philosepedonhumeralis Philosepedonsoljani Krek, 1971PSYCHODA Latreille, 1796Psychodaalbipennis Zetterstedt, 1850parthenogenetica Tonnoir, 1940= Psychodaalternata Say, 1824Psychodabrevicornis Tonnoir, 1940Psychodabuxtoni Withers, 1988Psychodacinerea Banks, 1894PageBreakPsychodacrassipenis Tonnoir, 1940Psychodacultella Salmela, Kvifte & More, 2012Psychodaerminea Eaton, 1898Psychodagemina Psychodagrisescens Tonnoir, 1922Psychodaitoco Tokunaga & Komyo, 1955Psychodalativentris Berd\u00e9n, 1952Psychodalobata Tonnoir, 1940Psychodaminuta Banks, 1894Psychodaphalaenoides Linnaeus, 1758Psychodasatchelli Quate, 1955Psychodasetigera Tonnoir, 1922Psychodatrinodulosa Tonnoir, 1922Psychodauniformata Haseman, 1907THRETICUS Eaton, 1904Threticustridactilis TRICHOPSYCHODA Tonnoir, 1922Trichopsychodahirtella Maruinini Enderlein, 1937tribe LOBULOSA Szabo, 1960Lobulosapollex TONNOIRIELLA Vaillant, 1971Tonnoiriellanigricauda Mormiini Enderlein, 1937tribe MORMIA Enderlein, 1935Mormianiesiolowskii Wagner, 1985Mormiastrobli Paramormiini Enderlein, 1937tribe PARAJUNGIELLA Vaillant, 1972Parajungiellaconsors Parajungiellaellisi Parajungiellapseudolongicornis Wagner, 1975LEPISEODINA Enderlein, 1937Lepiseodinarothschildi PANIMERUS Eaton, 1913Panimerussg.  Eaton, 1913Panimerusalbomaculatus Panimerusnotabilis Psycmerasg.  Je\u017eek, 1984Panimerusalbifacies Panimerusintellegus Panimerusprzhiboroi Wagner, 2005PageBreakPARAMORMIA Enderlein, 1935Paramormiapolyscoidea Paramormiaustulata PERIPSYCHODA Enderlein, 1935Peripsychodaauriculata Peripsychodafusca TELMATOSCOPUS Eaton, 1904Telmatoscopusadvena Telmatoscopussimilis Tonnoir, 1922SYCORACINAE Rondani, 1856SYCORAX Haliday in Curtis, 1839Sycoraxsilacea Haliday in Curtis, 1839Culicomorpha Hennig, 1948infraorder Culicoidea Meigen, 1818superfamily CHAOBORIDAE Newman, 1834CHAOBORUS Lichtenstein, 1800Chaoborussg.  Lichtenstein, 1800Chaoboruscrystallinus Chaoborusflavicans Chaoborusobscuripes Peusomyiasg.  S\u00e6ther, 1970Chaoboruspallidus Schadanophasmasg.  Dyar & Shannon, 1924Chaoborusnyblaei CRYOPHILA Edwards, 1930Cryophilalapponica MOCHLONYX Loew, 1844Mochlonyxfuliginosus Felt, 1905Mochlonyxmartinii Edwards, 1930= Mochlonyxvelutinus of authors= Mochlonyxvelutinus Mochlonyxculiciformis  preocc.= DIXIDAE Schiner, 1868DIXA Meigen, 1818Dixadilatata Strobl, 1900Dixanebulosa Meigen, 1830Dixapuberula Loew, 1849Dixasubmaculata Edwards, 1920DIXELLA Dyar & Shannon, 1924Dixellaaestivalis Dixellaamphibia PageBreakDixellaautumnalis Dixellaborealis Dixelladyari Dixellafilicornis Dixellahyperborea Dixellalaeta Dixellanaevia Dixellanigra Dixellaobscura Dixellaserotina THAUMALEIDAE Bezzi, 1913THAUMALEA Ruthe, 1831Thaumaleatruncata Edwards, 1929Ptychopteromorpha Wood & Borkent, 1986infraorder Ptychopteroidea Osten Sacken, 1862superfamily PTYCHOPTERIDAE Osten Sacken, 1862PTYCHOPTERA Meigen, 1803Paraptychopterasg.  Tonnoir, 1919Ptychopteralacustris Meigen, 1830Ptychopterapaludosa Meigen, 1804Ptychopterasg.  Meigen, 1803Ptychopteraalbimana Ptychopteracontaminata Ptychopterahugoi Tjeder, 1968Ptychopteraminuta Tonnoir, 1919Ptychopterascutellaris Meigen, 1818Dixamaculata Meigen, 1818. There is one female specimen collected from Russia, Kantalaks  that belongs to Dixellaborealis.Threticustridactilis: Ostrobotthnia borealis pars borealis, Rovaniemi, Nammalikkokivalo, 13.6.\u201311.7.2004, J. Salmela leg.; Regio kuusamoensis, Taivalkoski, Poikaloukusanoja, 1.6.\u20131.7.2006, J. Salmela leg.; Regio kuusamoensis, Taivalkoski, Syv\u00e4oja 1.6.-1.7.2006, J. Salmela leg.PageBreakPanimerusalbifacies: Regio aboensis, Turku, Pomponrahka-Isosuo mire conservation area, 1.8.\u201328.9.2011, J. Salmela & E. Nummela leg.Panimerusprzhiboroi: Ostrobotthnia borealis pars borealis, Tervola, Ruuttulammi conservation area, 4.6.\u20132.7.2012 J. Salmela leg. (New for European fauna)Psychodaalbipennis Zetterstedt has been confirmed to occur in Finland by Bo-W. Svensson .Dixelladyari: Lapponia enontekiensis, Enonteki\u00f6, Pallas-Yll\u00e4stunturi National Park, Lumikero E, 25.8.2010, J. Salmela leg."}
+{"text": "AbstractCecidomyiidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is presented, which comprises 6 Lestremiinae, 156 Micromyinae, 16 Winnertziinae, 69 Porricondylinae, and 109 Cecidomyiinae. The faunistic knowledge of Finnish Winnertziinae, Porricondylinae and Cecidomyiinae is regarded as particularly poor. Based on species numbers known from other countries in Europe, a conservative estimate is 700\u2013800 species of Cecidomyiidae actually occurring in Finland.A list of the 356 species of  Cecidomyiidae are among the largest families of Diptera, although adult cecidomyiids are mostly delicate midges with body lengths of less than 5 mm. The family has been catalogued .With a world total of more than 6200 species described, talogued  and thatPageBreakCecidomyiinae, larvae associated with living flowering plants are usually restricted to development on one, or a few closely-related host species; predators are also generally assumed to be highly host-specific, as far as is known.In the fungivorous subfamilies, many larvae are associated with dead wood, rendering those a biodiverse, albeit little studied group of saproxylic insects. In Cecidomyiidae species than any other zoogeographical region, and the best known gall midge fauna is that of Europe, with more than 1800 species  are known. Illustrated keys to galls, including those caused by gall midges, have been published for Central and Northern Europe by http://www.pflanzengallen.de).Identification of cecidomyiids, both larvae and adults, is generally difficult and usually left to a few taxonomic specialists of the family. An adult key to the Palaearctic genera of Cecidomyiinae, which is not updated to the same extent, is compiled from published locality records based on varying evidence, including galls alone.The arrangement of taxa in this list largely follows the recent edition of the world catalogue  except tPageBreakNumber of species:World: 6203 species Europe: 1800 species Finland: 356 species (this paper)Faunistic knowledge level in Finland: poorNematocera Dumeril, 1805Bibionomorpha Hennig, 1954infraorder Sciaroidea Billberg, 1820superfamily CECIDOMYIIDAE Newman, 1834LESTREMIINAE Rondani, 1840Lestremiini Rondani, 1840tribe ALLARETE Pritchard, 1951Allaretenigra Mamaev, 1994ANARETE Haliday, 1833Anarete sp. 2 [see Note below]ANARETELLA Enderlein, 1911Anaretelladefecta magnicornis Mamaev, 1964= Anaretellaiola Pritchard, 1951LESTREMIA Macquart, 1826Lestremiacinerea Macquart, 1826Lestremialeucophaea MICROMYINAE Rondani, 1856Acoenoniini Pritchard, 1960tribe ACOENONIA Pritchard, 1947Acoenoniaeuropaea Mamaev, 1964Aprionini Jaschhof, 1998tribe APRIONUS Kieffer, 1894Aprionusaccipitris Jaschhof, 1997Aprionusacutus Edwards, 1938Aprionusadventitius Jaschhof, 2009Aprionusaquilonius Jaschhof, 2009Aprionusarcticus Mamaev, 2001Aprionusaviarius Mamaev & Berest, 1990Aprionusbetulae Jaschhof, 1996Aprionusbidentatus Aprionusbifidus Mamaev, 1963Aprionusbispinosus Edwards, 1938PageBreakAprionusbrachypterus Edwards, 1938Aprionusbrevitegminis Jaschhof, 2009Aprionuscardiophorus Mamaev, 1963Aprionuscarinatus Jaschhof, 1996Aprionuscomplicatus Mamaev & Berest, 1986Aprionusconfusus Mamaev, 1969Aprionuscorniculatus Mamaev, 1963Aprionuscornutus Berest, 1986Aprionusdalarnensis Mamaev, 1998Aprionusdentifer Mamaev, 1965Aprionusdispar Mamaev, 1963Aprionusdissectus Mamaev & Berest, 1990Aprionusduplicatus Mamaev, 1998Aprionusensiferus Jaschhof, 1996Aprionusfennicus Jaschhof, 2009Aprionusflavidus Aprionusfoliosus Jaschhof, 2009Aprionusgladiator Jaschhof, 2009Aprionushalteratus Aprionusheothinos Jaschhof, 2009Aprionushintelmannorum Jaschhof, 2009Aprionusinquisitor Mamaev, 1963Aprionusinsignis Mamaev, 1963Aprionuslaevis Mohrig, 1967Aprionuslapponicus Jaschhof & Mamaev, 1997Aprionuslaricis Mamaev & Jaschhof, 1997Aprionuslatitegminis Jaschhof, 2009Aprionuslongicollis Mamaev, 1963Aprionuslongitegminis Yukawa, 1967Aprionusmarginatus Mamaev, 1963Aprionusmiki Kieffer, 1895Aprionusoligodactylus Jaschhof, 2009Aprionuspiceae Jaschhof, 1997Aprionuspraecipuus Jaschhof, 2009Aprionuspyxidiifer Mamaev, 1998Aprionusreduncus Jaschhof, 2009Aprionusseparatus Mamaev & Jaschhof, 1997Aprionussievertorum Jaschhof, 2009Aprionussimilis Mamaev, 1963Aprionusspiniferus Mamaev & Berest, 1990Aprionusspiniger Aprionusstiktos Jaschhof, 2009Aprionusstylifer Mamaev, 1998PageBreakAprionusstyloideus Mamaev & Berest, 1990Aprionussubacutus Jaschhof, 1997Aprionussvecicus Jaschhof, 1996Aprionustaigaensis Jaschhof, 2009Aprionustiliamcorticis Mamaev, 1963Aprionusvictoriae Jaschhof, 2009Bryomyiini Berest, 1993tribe BRYOMYIA Kieffer, 1895Tomonomyia Berest, 1993= Bryomyiaapsectra Edwards, 1938Bryomyiabergrothi Kieffer, 1895Bryomyiagibbosa Bryomyiaproducta HETEROGENELLA Mamaev, 1963Cervuatina Berest, 1993= Heterogenellafinitima Mamaev, 1998Heterogenellahybrida Mamaev, 1963Heterogenellalinearis Yukawa, 1971SKUHRAVIANA Mamaev, 1963Skuhravianatriangulifera Mamaev, 1963Campylomyzini Kieffer, 1898tribe CAMPYLOMYZA Meigen, 1818Campylomyzaabbreviata Jaschhof, 2009Campylomyzaaemula Mamaev, 1998Campylomyzaalpina Siebke, 1863Campylomyzaarcuata Jaschhof, 2009Campylomyzaarmata Mamaev, 1963Campylomyzacavitata Mamaev, 1998Campylomyzacingulata Jaschhof, 2009Campylomyzadilatata Felt, 1907Campylomyzafalcifera Jaschhof, 2009Campylomyzaflavipes Meigen, 1818pallipes Zetterstedt, 1850= Campylomyzafurva Edwards, 1938Campylomyzafusca Winnertz, 1870Campylomyzainornata Jaschhof, 2009Campylomyzainsolita Jaschhof, 2009Campylomyzaormerodi Campylomyzaserrata Jaschhof, 1998Campylomyzaspatulata Mamaev, 1998Campylomyzastegetfore Jaschhof, 2009EXCRESCENTIA Mamaev & Berest, 1991Excrescentiamutuata Mamaev & Berest, 1991PageBreakNEUROLYGA Rondani, 1840Cordylomyia Felt, 1911= Neurolygaacuminata Jaschhof, 2009Neurolygabilobata Neurolygaexcavata Neurolygainterrupta Jaschhof, 2009Neurolygalonsdalensis Jaschhof, 2009Neurolygapaludosa Jaschhof, 2009Neurolygasylvestris Neurolygaverna Catochini Edwards, 1938tribe CATOCHA Haliday, 1833Catochaincisa Jaschhof, 2009Catochalatipes Haliday, 1833Micromyini Rondani, 1856tribe MICROMYA Rondani, 1840Micromyalucorum Rondani, 1840MONARDIA Kieffer, 1895Pezomyia Kieffer, 1913= Monardiasg.  Kieffer, 1895Monardiaabnormis Mamaev, 1963Monardiaarmata Jaschhof, 2003Monardialignivora Monardiaobsoleta Edwards, 1938Monardiapediculata Monardiastirpium Kieffer, 1895Monardiayasumatsui Yukawa, 1967Trichopteromyiasg.  Williston, 1896Monardiamagnifica Mamaev, 1963Monardiarelicta Jaschhof, 2009Xyloprionasg.  Kieffer, 1913Monardiaadentis Jaschhof, 1998Monardiaatra Monardiamonotheca Edwards, 1938Monardiaradiella Mamaev, 1993Monardiatoxicodendri Monardiaunguifera Berest & Mamaev, 1997POLYARDIS Pritchard, 1947Polyardisadela Pritchard, 1947Polyardisbispinosa Polyardissilvalis Peromyiini Kleesattel, 1979tribe PEROMYIA Kieffer, 1894PageBreakPeromyiaabdita Jaschhof, 2009Peromyiaabnormis Mamaev & Berest, 1990Peromyiaalbicornis Peromyiaanatina Mamaev & Berest, 1990Peromyiaangellifera Jaschhof, 1997Peromyiaanisotoma Mamaev, 1994Peromyiaapposita Jaschhof, 1997Peromyiabicolor Peromyiabidentata Berest, 1998Peromyiaboreophila Jaschhof, 2001Peromyiacaricis Peromyiaconcitata Mamaev & Berest, 1994Peromyiacornuta Peromyiacurta Jaschhof, 1997Peromyiadiadema Mamaev, 1963Peromyiaedwardsi Berest, 1994Peromyiafagiphila Jaschhof, 1997Peromyiafungicola Peromyiaintermedia Peromyiamitrata Jaschhof, 1997Peromyiamodesta Peromyiamonilis Mamaev, 1965Peromyiamuscorum Peromyiaovalis Peromyiapalustris Peromyiaperpusilla Peromyiaphotophila Peromyiapumila Jaschhof, 2001Peromyiaramosa Peromyiaramosoides Jaschhof, 2009Peromyiasanguinea Peromyiascirrhosa Jaschhof, 2009Peromyiascutellata Mamaev, 1990Peromyiasemotoides Jaschhof, 2009Peromyiasubbicolor Jaschhof, 2009Peromyiasubborealis Jaschhof, 1997Peromyiasyltefjordensis Jaschhof, 1996Peromyiatruncata Yukawa, 1967Peromyiatundrae Jaschhof, 1996Peromyiaupupoides Jaschhof, 1997Winnertziinae Panelius, 1965Diallactiini Jaschhof, 2013tribe Diallactia Gagn\u00e9, 2004PageBreakDiallactes Kieffer, 1894 preocc.= Diallactiacrocea obscuripes = Sylvenomyia Mamaev & Zaitzev, 1998Sylvenomyiafennica Penttinen & Jaschhof, 2009Sylvenomyiaspinigera Heteropezini Schiner, 1868tribe Heteropeza Winnertz, 1846Heteropezapygmaea Winnertz, 1846Leptosyna Kieffer, 1894Leptosynasimilis Jaschhof, 2013Miastor Meinert, 1864Miastormetraloas Meinert, 1864Winnertziini Panelius, 1965tribe KRONOMYIA Felt, 1911Kronomyiaovalis RHIPIDOXYLOMYIA Mamaev, 1964Rhipidoxylomyiabrevicornis Mamaev, 1964Winnertzia Rondani, 1860Winnertziabulbifera Mamaev, 1963Winnertziacurvata Panelius, 1965Winnertziafusca Kieffer, 1901Winnertziaglobifera Mamaev, 1963Winnertziagraduata Spungis, 1992Winnertzianigripennis Kieffer, 1896Winnertziarotundata Spungis, 1992Winnertziasolidaginis Felt, 1907calciequina Felt, 1907= Porricondylinae Kieffer, 1913Asynaptini R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1926tribe Asynapta Loew, 1850Asynaptabreviata Spungis, 1988Asynaptainflata Spungis, 1988Asynaptamagdalini Panelius, 1965Asynaptapectoralis Asynaptarufomaculata Panelius, 1965Asynaptasaliciperda Felt, 1908populnea Panelius, 1965= Asynaptastrobi Camptomyia Kieffer, 1894Camptomyiaabnormis Mamaev, 1961Camptomyiacalcarata Mamaev, 1964Camptomyiacorticalis PageBreakCamptomyiaflavocinerea Panelius, 1965Camptomyiagigantea Spungis, 1989Camptomyiapinicola Mamaev, 1961Camptomyiapiptopori Panelius, 1965Camptomyiaregia Spungis, 1989Camptomyiasalicicola Mamaev, 1961populicola Mamaev, 1961= Camptomyiaspinifera Mamaev, 1961COLOMYIA Kieffer, 1892Colomyiaclavata Kieffer, 1892Parasynapta Panelius, 1965Parasynaptaintermedia Panelius, 1965Dicerurini Mamaev, 1966tribe Solntseviini Mamaev, 1966= Dicerura Kieffer, 1898Dicerurafurculata Mamaev, 1968Diceruramixta Spungis, 1987Dicerurarossica Diceruratriangularis Mamaev, 1966Diceruraunidentata Spungis, 1987DIRHIZA Loew, 1850Dirhizalateritia Loew, 1850HILVERSIDIA Mamaev, 1966Hilversidiaautumnalis Mamaev, 1966Paratetraneuromyia Spungis, 1987Paratetraneuromyiavernalis Spungis, 1987Solntsevia Mamaev, 1965Solntsevianigripes Mamaev, 1965TETRANEUROMYIA Mamaev, 1964Tetraneuromyialenticularis Porricondylini Kieffer, 1913tribe Holoneurini Enderlein, 1936= Arctepidosis Mamaev, 1990Arctepidosispaneliusi Mamaev & Zaitzev, 1998Cassidoides Mamaev, 1960Cassidoidesfulvus pini Mamaev, 1960= Claspettomyia Grover, 1964Pachylabis Panelius, 1965= Claspettomyiahamata Claspettomyianiveitarsis Claspettomyiarossica Mamaev, 1998Claspettomyiaussuriensis Mamaev, 1998PageBreakCoccopsilis Harris, 2004Coccopsis Meijere preocc.= Coccopsilismarginata Coccopsilisobscura Coccopsilispaneliusi DENDREPIDOSIS Mamaev, 1990Dendrepidosislongipennis Divellepidosis Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2007Divellepidosisarmilla Divellepidosisfuscostriata Divellepidosishypoxantha Divellepidosislutescens Divellepidosispallescens Divellepidosistaigacola Jaschhof, 2013JAMALEPIDOSIS Mamaev, 1990Jamalepidosisspungisi Jaschhof, 2013Monepidosis Mamaev, 1966Monepidosisfurcata Mamaev, 1966Monepidosispectinata Mamaev, 1966Paneliusia Jaschhof, 2013Paneliusiaalbimanoides Jaschhof, 2013Paneliusiaaurantiaca modesta = Parepidosis Kieffer, 1913Parepidosisarcuata Mamaev, 1964longinodis Panelius, 1965= Parepidosisvenustior Gagn\u00e9, 2004PAURODYLA Jaschhof, 2013Paurodylatyresta Jaschhof, 2013Porricondyla Rondani, 1840Porricondylafulvescens Panelius, 1965Porricondylaneglecta Mamaev in Mamaev & Krivosheina, 1965Porricondylanigripennis Porricondylarufescens Panelius, 1965Pseudepidosis Mamaev, 1966Pseudepidosistrifida Mamaev, 1966Rostellatyla Jaschhof, 2013Rostellatylarostellata Rostratyla Jaschhof, 2013Rostratylaglobosa Schistoneurus Mamaev, 1964Schistoneurusimpressus Mamaev, 1964Schistoneurusirregularis Mamaev, 1964PageBreakSerratyla Jaschhof, 2013Serratylafurcata Serratylapubescens Serratylaspinosa Jaschhof, 2013Spungisomyia Mamaev & Zaitzev, 1996Spungisomyiamedia Zaitzeviola Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2007Zaitzeviolalatistylata Jaschhof, 2013Zaitzeviolapilosistylata Jaschhof, 2013Zaitzeviolarufocinerea Cecidomyiinae Newman, 1834Cecidomyiidi R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1925supertribe Aphidoletini Harris, 1966tribe APHIDOLETES Kieffer, 1904Aphidoletesaphidimyza Aphidoletesurticaria MONOBREMIA Kieffer, 1912Monobremiasubterranea Asphondyliini R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1925tribe ASPHONDYLIA Loew, 1850Asphondyliaserpylli Kieffer, 1898thymi Kieffer, 1898= KIEFFERIA Mik, 1895Kiefferiapericarpiicola SCHIZOMYIA Kieffer, 1889Schizomyiagaliorum Kieffer, 1889Cecidomyiini R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1925tribe ANISOSTEPHUS R\u00fcbsaamen, 1917Anisostephusbetulinus CECIDOMYIA Meigen, 1803Cecidomyiapini CONTARINIA Rondani, 1860Contariniacoryli Contariniacraccae Loew, 1850Contariniagei Kieffer, 1909geicola R\u00fcbsaamen, 1917= Contariniakanervoi Barnes, 1958Contarinialonicerearum Contarinialoti Contariniamerceri Barnes, 1930Contariniapetioli Contariniapisi Contariniaquercina PageBreakContariniasambuci lonicerearum = Contariniatiliarum Contariniatritici Contariniavincetoxici Kieffer, 1909MACRODIPLOSIS Kieffer, 1895Macrodiplosispustularis dryobia = Macrodiplosisroboris volvens Kieffer, 1895= PLEMELIELLA Seitner, 1908Plemeliellaabietina Seitner, 1908STENODIPLOSIS Reuter, 1895Stenodiplosisgeniculati Reuter, 1895THECODIPLOSIS Kieffer, 1895Thecodiplosisbrachyntera Clinodiplosini Enderlein, 1936tribe AMETRODIPLOSIS R\u00fcbsaamen, 1910Ametrodiplosisthalictricola CLINODIPLOSIS Kieffer, 1894Clinodiplosiscilicrus SITODIPLOSIS Kieffer, 1913Sitodiplosismosellana Hormomyiini R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1925tribe PLANETELLA Westwood, 1840Planetella?grandis Lestodiplosini Harris, 1966tribe LESTODIPLOSIS Kieffer, 1894Lestodiplosispallidicornis Kieffer, 1898Cecidomyiidiunplaced HARMANDIOLA Skuhrav\u00e1, 1997Harmandia Kieffer, 1896 preocc.= Harmandiolaglobuli Harmandiolatremulae loewi = HYGRODIPLOSIS Kieffer, 1912Hygrodiplosisvaccinii MASSALONGIA Kieffer, 1897Massalongiarubra RESSELIELLA Seitner, 1906Thomasiniana Strand, 1927= Resseliellaribis Resseliellatheobaldi PageBreakXYLODIPLOSIS Kieffer, 1894Xylodiplosisnigritarsis Lasiopteridi R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1925supertribe Dasineurini R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1925tribe DASINEURA Rondani, 1840Dasineuraaffinis Dasineuraalopecuri Dasineuraangelicae R\u00fcbsaamen, 1916Dasineuracardaminis Dasineuraengstfeldi Dasineuraepilobii Dasineurafraxinea Kieffer, 1907Dasineurafraxini Dasineuragaliicola Dasineuragentneri Pritchard, 1953Dasineurahygrophila Dasineurahyperici Dasineurajaapi R\u00fcbsaamen, 1914Dasineurakiefferiana Dasineuraleguminicola Dasineuralotharingiae Dasineuramali Dasineuranapi brassicae = Dasineurapopuleti Dasineurapteridicola Dasineurapteridis filicina = Dasineurapustulans Dasineurapyri Dasineuraribis Barnes, 1940Dasineurarosae Wachtliellarosarum = Dasineurasimilis Dasineurasisymbrii Dasineuratetensi Dasineurathomasiana Dasineuratiliae tiliamvolvens = Dasineuratrifolii Dasineuraulmaria Dasineuraurticae Dasineuraviciae PageBreakDasineuraviolae GEOCRYPTA Kieffer, 1913Geocryptagalii GEPHYRAULUS R\u00fcbsaamen, 1915Gephyraulusraphanistri GIRAUDIELLA R\u00fcbsaamen, 1915Giraudiellainclusa JAAPIELLA R\u00fcbsaamen, 1915Jaapiellaloticola Jaapiellaveronicae KALTENBACHIOLA Hedicke, 1938Kaltenbachiolastrobi MACROLABIS Kieffer, 1892Macrolabiscirsii Macrolabisorobi RABDOPHAGA Westwood, 1847Rabdophagadubiosa Kieffer, 1913Rabdophagagemmicola Rabdophagaheterobia Rabdophagaiteobia Rabdophagamarginemtorquens Rabdophaganervorum Rabdophagarosaria Rabdophagasalicis Rabdophagaterminalis WACHTLIELLA R\u00fcbsaamen, 1915Wachtliellacaricis riparia = muricatae = Wachtliellapersicariae Lasiopterini R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1925tribe LASIOPTERA Meigen, 1818Lasiopterapopulnea Wachtl, 1883Lasiopterarubi Oligotrophini R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1925tribe OLIGOTROPHUS Latreille, 1805Oligotrophusjuniperinus Oligotrophuspanteli Kieffer, 1898Poomyini R\u00fcbsaamen & Hedicke, 1925tribe MAYETIOLA Kieffer, 1896Mayetiolaavenae Mayetioladestructor Mayetiolajoannisi Kieffer, 1896Rhopalomyiini Harris, 1966tribe PageBreakRHOPALOMYIA R\u00fcbsaamen, 1892Rhopalomyiachrysanthemi Rhopalomyiamillefolii Rhopalomyiaptarmicae Rhopalomyiatanaceticola Rhopalomyiatubifex Lasiopteridiunplaced CYSTIPHORA Kieffer, 1892Cystiphorasanguinea hieracii = pilosellae Kieffer, 1892= Cystiphorasonchi ITEOMYIA Kieffer, 1913Iteomyiacapreae SEMUDOBIA Kieffer, 1913Semudobiabetulae Anaretelacteipennis Kieffer, 1906. Misidentification.Camptomyiaantennata Felt, 1920. Misidentification.Camptomyiamaxima Mamaev, 1961. Presumptive misidentification; Finnish record cannot be verified.Camptomyiapiceae Panelius, 1965. Presumptive misidentification; Finnish record cannot be verified.Cataretebrevinervis . Misidentification.Cecidomyiaaurora Mannerheim, 1823. Nomen dubium.Epidosisflavescens F. L\u00f6w, 1874. Nomen dubium.Anarete sp. 2. This species was described by Anarete species is practically impossible using the keys and descriptions available in the literature."}
+{"text": "Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) may be defined to include interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). The hallmark symptom of UCPPS is chronic pain in the pelvis, urogenital floor, or external genitalia often accompanied by lower urinary tract symptoms. Despite numerous past basic and clinical research studies there is no broadly identifiable organ-specific pathology or understanding of etiology or risk factors for UCPPS, and diagnosis relies primarily on patient reported symptoms. In addition, there are no generally effective therapies. Recent findings have, however, revealed associations between UCPPS and \u201ccentralized\u201d chronic pain disorders, suggesting UCPPS may represent a local manifestation of more widespread pathology in some patients. Here, we describe a new and novel effort initiated by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) to address the many long standing questions regarding UCPPS, the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Research Network. The MAPP Network approaches UCPPS in a systemic manner, in which the interplay between the genitourinary system and other physiological systems is emphasized. The network\u2019s study design expands beyond previous research, which has primarily focused on urologic organs and tissues, to utilize integrated approaches to define patient phenotypes, identify clinically-relevant subgroups, and better understand treated natural history and pathophysiology. Thus, the MAPP Network provides an unprecedented, multi-layered characterization of UCPPS. Knowledge gained is expected to provide important insights into underlying pathophysiology, a foundation for better segmenting patients for future clinical trials, and ultimately translation into improved clinical management. In addition, the MAPP Network\u2019s integrated multi-disciplinary research approach may serve as a model for studies of urologic and non-urologic disorders that have proven refractory to past basic and clinical study.NCT01098279 \u201cChronic Pelvic Pain Study of Individuals with Diagnoses or Symptoms of Interstitial Cystitis and/or Chronic Prostatitis (MAPP-EP)\u201d.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:  Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) encompasses two highly prevalent non-malignant urologic disorders, interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). UCPPS is primarily characterized by chronic and often debilitating pain in the pelvic region and/or genitalia and typically a spectrum of defects in bladder and lower urinary tract function ,2.in vivo studies of model systems. However, no consensus agreement has been achieved on an underlying etiology for UCPPS, though co-occurrence of UCPPS with other chronic non-urologic pain syndromes has been revealed [Numerous studies have been conducted over the past two decades to define the pathophysiology and natural history of UCPPS and to examine the efficacy of therapies. Many of those studies were supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH). The first NIDDK-sponsored pelvic pain clinical research network, the Interstitial Cystitis Database study (ICDB) was initiated in 1991 . This firevealed -30.In light of the limitations of previous studies and results showing potential associations between UCPPS and other chronic pain conditions, the NIDDK proposes that the traditional bladder and prostate centered focus of UCPPS research be broadened to a systemic view of disease in which the interplay between the genitourinary system and other physiological systems , is highlighted. In addition, it is suggested that studies of UCPPS would benefit from incorporating broad approaches involving a diversity of urologic and non-urologic disciplines to promote a more comprehensive characterization of patient phenotype.These concepts, as well as recommendations solicited from the scientific community , promptehttp://www.mappnetwork.org/). The Tissue Analysis and Technology Core (TATC) monitors biosample collection and provides sample banking, annotation, and distribution services.The MAPP Research Network includes six Discovery Sites and several specialized sub-sites that conduct multiple, collaborative Trans-MAPP  studies, as well as a number of single-site studies, and two specialized Cores (see Acknowledgement for complete listing of MAPP Network Sites and affiliated personnel). The Data Coordination Core (DCC) serves as the central site for data acquisition and storage; provides bio-statistical analyses for all studies; and promotes network-wide quality assurance. The DCC also provides administrative support, including development and maintenance of a public website  Study. A full description of the central Trans-MAPP EP Study and the complement of urologic and non-urologic measures employed are described in the companion report by Landis et al. . In addihttp://www3.niddk.nih.gov/researchprograms/repositories/).Within the MAPP Research Network all clinical Trans-MAPP protocols and site-specific efforts, which primarily serve to pilot test ideas complementary to the collaborative protocols, are highly integrated through their use of shared patients and controls evaluated through standard phenotyping; common biological samples; and a standardized data collection, storage, and analysis strategy. In addition, neuroimaging study parameters are standardized across sites and scan data is centrally managed by the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Center for Neurobiology of Stress (painrepository.org), in close collaboration with UCLA-Laboratory of Neuroimaging (LONI), which has extensive experience in the collection, storage and analysis of large multi-site MRI data sets (loni.usc.edu). In this way diverse findings across protocols may be integrated to allow a detailed characterization of a single UCPPS patient or patient sub-groups. Importantly, these efforts are also generating a unique national resource of highly detailed longitudinal clinical and epidemiological data associated with data from additional, integrated phenotyping studies and linked biological samples, for future use by the wider research community through the NIDDK Data and Sample Repositories  Apkarian, PhDDavid Cella, PhDMelissa A. Farmer, PhDColleen Fitzgerald, MDRichard Gershon, PhDJames W. Griffith, PhDCharles J. Heckman II, PhDMingchen Jiang, PhDLaurie Keefer, PhDDarlene S. Marko, RN, BSN, CCRCJean MichniewiczTodd Parrish, PhDFrank Tu, MD, MPHEmeran A. Mayer, MD, Co-DirectorLarissa V. Rodr\u00edguez, MD, Co-DirectorJeffry Alger, PhDCody P. Ashe-McNalleyBen Ellingson, PhDNuwanthi HeendeniyaLisa Kilpatrick, PhDJason Kutch, PhDJennifer S. Labus, PhDBruce D. Naliboff, PhDFornessa RandalSuzanne R. Smith, RN, NPKarl J. Kreder, MD, MBA, DirectorCatherine S. Bradley, MD, MSCEMary Eno, RN, RA IIKris Greiner, BAYi Luo, PhD, MDSusan K. Lutgendorf, PhDMichael A. O\u2019Donnell, MDBarbara Ziegler, BADaniel J. Clauw, MD, Co-Director;Network Chair, 2008-2013J. Quentin Clemens, MD, FACS, MSci,Co-Director; Network Chair, 2013-Suzie As-Sanie, MDSandra Berry, MAMegan E. Halvorson, BS, CCRPRichard Harris, PhDSteve Harte, PhDEric Ichesco, BSAnn Oldendorf, MDKatherine A. Scott, RN, BSNDavid A. Williams, PhDDedra Buchwald, MD, DirectorNiloofar Afari, PhD, Univ. Of California, San DiegoJohn Krieger, MDJane Miller, MDStephanie Richey, BSSusan O. Ross, RN, MNRoberta Spiro, MSTJ Sundsvold, MPHEric Strachan, PhDClaire C. Yang, MDGerald L. Andriole, MD, Co-DirectorH. Henry Lai, MD, Co-DirectorRebecca L. Bristol, BA, BS, CoordinatorGraham Colditz, MD, DrPHGeorg Deutsch, PhD, Univ. of Alabama at BirminghamVivien C. Gardner, RN, BSN, CoordinatorRobert W. Gereau IV, PhDJeffrey P Henderson, MD, PhDBarry A. Hong, PhD, FAACPThomas M. Hooton, MD, Univ of MiamiTimothy J. Ness, MD, PhD, Univ. of Alabama at BirminghamCarol S. North, MD, MPE, Univ. Texas SouthwesternTheresa M. Spitznagle, PT, DPT, WCSSiobhan Sutcliffe, PhD, ScM, MHSJ. Richard Landis, PhD, Core DirectorTed Barrell, BAPhilip Hanno, MDXiaoling Hou, MSTamara Howard, MPHMichel A. Pontari, MDNancy Robinson, PhDAlisa Stephens, PhDYanli Wang, MSM. Scott Lucia, MD, Core DirectorAdrie van Bokhoven, PhDAndrea A. Osypuk, BSRobert Dayton, JrKaren R. Jonscher, PhDHolly T. Sullivan, BSR. Storey Wilson, MSGarth D.Ehrlich, PhDMarsha A. Moses, PhD, DirectorAndrew C. BriscoeDavid Briscoe, MDAdam Curatolo, BAJohn Froehlich, PhDRichard S. Lee, MDMonisha Sachdev, BSKeith R. Solomon, PhDHanno Steen, PhDSean Mackey, MD, PhD, DirectorEpifanio Bagarinao, PhDLauren C. Foster, BAEmily Hubbard, BAKevin A. Johnson, PhD, RNKatherine T. Martucci, PhDRebecca L. McCue, BARachel R. Moericke, MAAneesha Nilakantan, BANoorulain Noor, BSJ. Curtis Nickel, MD, FRCSC, DirectorChris Mullins, PhDJohn W. Kusek, PhDZiya Kirkali, MDTamara G. Bavendam, MDBACH: Boston area community health survey; BPS: Bladder pain syndrome; CFS: Chronic fatigue syndrome; CNS: Central nervous system; CPC: Chronic prostatitis cohort; CP/CPPS: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome; DCC: Data coordinating core; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; EEP: External experts panel; FM: Fibromyalgia; IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome; IC/BPS: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome; ICCRN: Interstitial cystitis collaborative research network; ICCTG: The interstitial cystitis clinical trials group; ICDB: Interstitial cystitis database study; LONI: Laboratory of neuroimaging; MAPP: Multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain; MRI/fMRI: Magnetic resonance imaging/functional magnetic resonance imaging; NIDDK: The national institute of diabetes, digestive, and kidney diseases; NUAS: Non-urologic associated syndromes; PPT: Pressure pain threshold; RICE: RAND IC epidemiology study; TATC: Tissue analysis and technology core; Trans-MAPP EP: Trans-MAPP epidemiology and phenotyping study; UCLA: University of california at Los Angeles; UCPPS: Urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes; VB1, VB2: Voided bladder 1, 2JQ Clemens, C Mullins, JW Kusek, Z Kirkali, EA Mayer, LV Rodriguez, AJ Schaeffer, D Buchwald, and JR Landis declare no competing interests. DJ Klumpp declares ownership and equity interests in ProbioTx Inc, and Gold Coast Therapeutics Inc. KJ Kreder is a Consultant for Medtronic, Astellas, Symptelligence, and Tengion. GL Andriole is a Consultant for Augmenix, Bayer, Genomic Health, GlaxoSmithKline and Myriad Genetics and has received research grants from Johnson & Johnson, Medivation and Wilex. MS Lucia declares ownership of 3D Biopsy and has consulted for Myriad Genetics and Bayer Healthcare. DJ Clauw has received grants from Pfizer, Cerephex, Lilly, Merck, Nuvo and Furest, and Consulting Fees and Honoraria from Pfizer, Cerephex, Lilly, Merck, Nuvo, Furest, Tonix, Purdue, Therauance, and Johnson & Johnson.JQC wrote the initial draft manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2490/14/57/prepub"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 2556110.1038/srep25561; published online: 05092016; updated: 07202016In this Article, Jakob Pinggera, Manuel Neurauter and Barbara Weber are incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.\u2019 The correct affiliations are listed below:Jakob Pinggera and Manuel NeurauterDepartment of Computer Science, Technikerstra\u00dfe 21a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.Barbara WeberDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 1, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.Department of Computer Science, Technikerstra\u00dfe 21a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria."}
+{"text": "There is an error in affiliation 1 for authors Quamrun Nahar, Farhana Sultana, Anadil Alam, Mustafizur Rahman, Fatema Khatun, Nazmul Alam and Sushil Kanta Dasgupta. Affiliation 1 should be: International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh , Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh."}
+{"text": "Carola Haas should be listed as the second author, and her affiliation is: Department of Neurosurgery, Exp. Epilepsy Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Breisacher Strasse 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany. The contributions of this author are as follows: Analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. The correct citation is: Hornig T, Haas C, Sturm L, Fiebich B, Tebartz van Elst L (2015) Increased Blood-Reelin-Levels in First Episode Schizophrenia. PLoS ONE 10(8): e0134671. doi:"}
+{"text": "There are errors in the Author Contributions. The correct contributions are: Conceived and designed the experiments: SP, AM. Performed the experiments: SP, SD, NJ, JJ, PTC. Analyzed the data: SP, AM, NC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AM, AMR, NC. Wrote the paper: SD, SP, NJ, AM"}
+{"text": "AbstractCeratopogonidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is provided.A checklist of the family  Ceratopogonidae) have only occasionally been studied by Finnish entomologists. Most notable are the studies by The biting midges Finland: 97 speciesFaunistic knowledge level in Finland: mediumNematocera Dumeril, 1805suborder Culicomorpha Hennig, 1948infraorder Chironomoidea Newman, 1834superfamily CERATOPOGONIDAE Newman, 1834FORCIPOMYIINAE Lenz, 1934ATRICHOPOGON Kieffer, 1906Atrichopogonsg.  Kieffer, 1906Atrichopogonbrunnipes Atrichopogonfuscus fossicola = Atrichopogonlongicalcar Remm, 1961Atrichopogonminutus Atrichopogonpavidus Meloeheleasg.  Wirth, 1956Atrichopogonlucorum Atrichopogonmeloesugans Kieffer, 1922winnertzi auct. nec Goetghebuer, 1922= Atrichopogonoedemerarum Stor\u00e5, 1939Psilokempiasg.  Enderlein, 1936Atrichopogonappendiculatus Atrichopogonforcipatus Atrichopogonmaculatus minutusvar. maculatus Lundstr\u00f6m, 1910= Atrichopogonrostratus FORCIPOMYIA Meigen, 1818Caloforcipomyiasg.  Saunders, 1957Forcipomyiaglauca Macfie, 1934Forcipomyiasg.  Meigen, 1818Forcipomyiabipunctata Forcipomyiaciliata PageBreakForcipomyiacostata picea = Forcipomyiakaltenbachi Forcipomyiamyrmecophila Forcipomyianigra Microheleasg.  Kieffer, 1917Forcipomyiafuliginosa brevimana = Thyridomyiasg.  Saunders, 1925Forcipomyiamonilicornis hirta = Trichoheleasg.  Goetghebuer, 1920Forcipomyiaeques DASYHELEINAE Lenz, 1934DASYHELEA Kieffer, 1911Dasyheleasg.  Kieffer, 1911Dasyheleabensoni Edwards, 1933vernalis Remm, 1979= Dasyheleabilineata Goetghebuer, 1920saxicola = obscura auct. nec = versicolor auct. nec = Dasyheleapallidiventris Dicryptoscenasg.  Enderlein, 1936Dasyheleamodesta aestiva = longipalpis Kieffer, 1913= Dasyheleanotata Goetghebuer, 1920Pseudoculicoidessg.  Malloch, 1915Dasyheleacorinneae Gosseries, 1991scutellata , preocc.= Dasyheleaflavoscutellata egens = Sebessiasg.  Remm, 1979Dasyheleaholosericea CERATOPOGONINAE Newman 1834Culicoidini Kieffer, 1911tribe Culicoides Latreille, 1809Culicoidesachrayi Kettle & Lawson, 1955Culicoidesalbicans vexans auct. nec = Culicoideschiopterus Culicoidescircumscriptus Kieffer, 1918PageBreakCulicoidesdewulfi Goetghebuer, 1936Culicoidesfascipennis (Staeger 1839)Culicoidesfestivipennis Kieffer, 1914odiblis Austen, 1921= Culicoidesgrisescens Edwards, 1939Culicoidesimpunctatus Goetghebuer, 1920Culicoideskibunensis Tokunaga 1937cubitalis Edwards in Edwards et al. 1939= Culicoidesnubeculosus Culicoidesobsoletus varius = Culicoidespallidicornis (Kieffer 1919)Culicoidespictipennis Culicoidespseudoheliophilus Callot & Kremer, 1961Culicoidespulicaris Culicoidespunctatus Culicoidesriethi Kieffer, 1914Culicoidesriouxi Callot & Kremer, 1961Culicoidessalinarius Kieffer, 1914Culicoidesscoticus Downes & Kettle, 1952Culicoidessegnis Campbell & Pelham-Clinton 1960Culicoidessphagnumensis Williams, 1955carjalaensis Glukhova, 1957= Culicoidesstigma Culicoidessubfasciipennis Kieffer, 1919Ceratopogonini Newman, 1834tribe ALLUAUDOMYIA Kieffer, 1913Alluaudomyianeedhami Thomsen, 1935pentaspila Remm & Glukhova, 1971= Alluaudomyiaquadripunctata BRACHYPOGON Kieffer, 1899Isoheleasg.  Kieffer, 1917Brachypogonaquilonalis Brachypogonhyperboreus lapiae Clastrier, 1961= Brachypogonnitidulus finniae Clastrier, 1961= Brachypogonsociabilis CERATOPOGON Meigen, 1800Ceratopogonlacteipennis Zetterstedt, 1838Ceratopogonniveipennis Meigen, 1818candidatus Winnertz, 1852= PageBreakSCHIZOHELEA Kieffer, 1917Schizohelealeucopeza copiosa Winnertz, 1852= xanthopeza = SERROMYIA Meigen, 1818Serromyiaatra Serromyiafemorata Serromyiasubinermis Kieffer, 1919Heteromyiini Wirth, 1962tribe CLINOHELEA Kieffer, 1917Clinoheleaunimaculata variegata = Sphaeromiini Newman 1834tribe MALLOCHOHELEA Wirth, 1962Mallochoheleainermis Mallochoheleamunda dentata = Mallochoheleanitida Mallochoheleasetigera Mallochoheleavernalis Remm, 1965PROBEZZIA Kieffer, 1906Dicrobezzia Kieffer, 1919= Probezziaconcinna venustav.concinna = Probezziaseminigra venusta = borealis = SPHAEROMIAS Curtis, 1829Sphaeromiasfasciatus Sphaeromiaspictus candidatus  preocc.= Palpomyiini Enderlein, 1936tribe BEZZIA Kieffer, 1899Bezziaannulipes Bezziabicolor Bezziacircumdata solstitialis = Bezziacoracina albipes = Bezziafascispinosa Clastrier, 1962Bezziaflavicornis flavipalpis = Bezziafuscifemoris Remm, 1971PageBreakBezzialeucogaster xanthocephala Goetghebuer, 1911= Bezzianigritula Bezzianobilis leucogastervar. punctata Lundstr\u00f6m, 1910= Bezziawinnertziana Kieffer, 1919gracilis  nec Haliday, 1833= PALPOMYIA Meigen, 1818Palpomyiaarmipes rufipecta = Palpomyiadistincta Palpomyiaflavipes hortulana Meigen, 1818= Palpomyiaflavitarsis Palpomyialineata stagnalis Clastrier, 1962= Palpomyialundstroemi Remm, 1981bispinosa Lundstr\u00f6m, 1916, preocc.= Palpomyiaserripes transfuga = Palpomyiatibialis Atrichopogonmeloesugans Kieffer, 1922. This species was restored from synonymy with Atrichopogonwinnertzi Goetghebuer, 1922 by Dasyheleamodesta . Old records reported before 1988 of this species  or Dasyhelealongipalpis ) are questionable according to Ceratopogonneglectus Winnertz, 1852. Reported by Culicoidesneglectus from Finland. Dasyhelea. Ceratopogonidae. Because the type specimen is lost and the original description is insufficient it is considered nomen dubium by Culicoidesvexans . Reported from Finland by Culicoidesalbicans as a probable synonym. Culicoidesvexans was omitted in Culicoidesvexans represents Culicoidesalbicans. Culicoidesalbicans is included in the Finnish list and Culicoidesvexans is removed from the Finnish fauna.PageBreakCulicoidesreconditus  and Culicoidesriouxi Callot & Kremer, 1961. Culicoidesriouxi was treated as a synonym of Culicoidesreconditus in Culicoidesriouxi as a valid species from Finland (N: Tv\u00e4rminne). The record of Culicoidesreconditus by Culicoidesriouxi and Culicoidesreconditus synonyms the identity of H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen\u2019s record remains unclear . The record listed by coracina\u2019) is tentatively interpreted to be in the same locality in Finland as Probezziaseminigra, Kuusamo: Isosuo  in Panzer, 1806. The record listed by"}
+{"text": "After publication of this work , we noteToni Zhong, Claire Temple-Oberle, Stefan O.P. Hofer, Brett Beber, John Semple, Mitchell Brown, Sheina Macadam, Peter Lennox, Tony Panzarella, Colleen McCarthy and Nancy Baxter"}
+{"text": "These ecomputer . Howevercomputer ,5, most computer  and, usi"}
+{"text": "Increasing epidemiological evidence indicates that perinatal infection with various viral pathogens enhances the risk for several psychiatric disorders. The pathophysiological significance of astrocyte interactions with neurons and/or gut microbiomes has been reported in neurodevelopmental disorders triggered by pre- and postnatal immune insults. Recent studies with the maternal immune activation or neonatal polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid models of neurodevelopmental disorders have identified various candidate molecules that could be responsible for brain dysfunction. Here, we review the functions of several candidate molecules in neurodevelopment and brain function and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets for psychiatric disorders. Abnormalities in early brain development contribute to the etiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders in later life ,2,3,4. R2A receptors in the prefrontal cortex, loss of parvalbumin in the hippocampal interneurons, and enhanced tyrosine hydroxlyase in the striatum [Based on epidemiological studies ,13,14,15striatum ,33,34,35striatum ,27. Syststriatum ,33. Somestriatum ,37,38. Ostriatum . In addistriatum .d-serine as well as establishing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) [Glial cells are major cell populations in the CNS, which comprise oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, and NG2-positive cells . Astrocyer (BBB) ,43,44. Aer (BBB) ,46. Notaer (BBB) ,48,49, ser (BBB) ,51,52,53er (BBB) ,57,58,59er (BBB) . In facter (BBB) ,63,64,65er (BBB) ,63,64, ger (BBB) ,63. Polyer (BBB) ,63. In aer (BBB) ,66. Accoer (BBB) ,68,69, rInterleukin-6 (IL-6), identified as a B-cell differentiation factor , is a main vitro, but this effect of polyI:C is abolished when using astrocytes derived from IFITM3 KO mice. These findings suggest that the induction of IFITM3 in astrocytes during neurodevelopment has non-cell autonomous effects that in turn impair neurodevelopment via the disruption of neuron\u2013glia interaction [Interferons (IFNs) prevent the incursion of viral genomes from the endosomal cascade, and the induction of interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) 3 is essential for this function. Thus, mice with IFITM3 deficiency (IFITM3 KO mice) exhibit accelerated progression, and higher mortality as well as systemic viral burdens following influenza A virus exposure ,85,86,87eraction . Importaeraction ,94,95 aneraction , it is peraction ,95. Howeeraction ,40,81,99N-syndecan, and non-ECM proteins and activates other MMP subtypes [in vitro [Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to have deleterious roles in various nervous system diseases ,105,106.subtypes ,112,113.subtypes ,117,118.subtypes ,120, raiin vitro . These rRecent preclinical investigations have indicated that gut microbes have a significant effect on brain function ,122,123,We propose a model for neurodevelopmental impairments though the disruption of the neuron\u2013glia interaction after polyI:C treatment . Viral d"}
+{"text": "AbstractChamaemyiidae and Lauxaniidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is presented.A revised checklist of the  Lauxanoidea, two of which are present in Finland. The exception is the beetle flies (Celyphidae), which are restricted to the Oriental and Afrotropical Regions.Three families are currently recognized in Chamaemyiidae are poorly studied in Finland. Reliable identification of most species is, at least for now, only possible by the examination of male genitalia. Unfortunately many species have not been adequately (re)described which has resulted in much confusion about the proper use of species names. It is likely that several additional chamaemyiid species will be found in Finland. Of the PageBreaktwo subfamilies of chamaemyiids, Cremifaniinae is absent from Finland. Chamaemyiinae is split into two tribes, Chamaemyiini and Leucopini, although the monophyly of the former has not yet been demonstrated :Number of species , 1895 species Europe: 107, 157 species (Fauna Europaea)Finland: 27\u201328, 45 speciesFaunistic knowledge level in Finland: poor, averageBrachycera Macquart, 1834suborder Eremoneura Lameere, 1906clade Cyclorrhapha Brauer, 1863clade Schizophora Becher, 1882infraorder Muscaria Enderlein, 1936clade Acalyptratae Macquart, 1835parvorder Lauxanoidea Macquart, 1835superfamily CHAMAEMYIIDAE Hendel, 1910CHAMAEMYIINAE Hendel, 1910Chamaemyiini Hendel, 1910tribe ACROMETOPIA Schiner, 1862Acrometopiawahlbergi CHAMAEMYIA Meigen, 1803Chamaemyiaaestiva Tanasijtshuk, 1970Chamaemyiaaridella Chamaemyiaelegans Chamaemyiaemiliae Tanasijtshuk, 1970Chamaemyiaflavipalpis Chamaemyiageniculata Chamaemyiaherbarum  sensu Coe, 1943? Chamaemyiajuncorum Chamaemyiapaludosa Collin, 1966PageBreakChamaemyiapolystigma Chamaemyiasylvatica Collin, 1966PAROCHTHIPHILA Czerny, 1904Euesteliasg.  Enderlein, 1927Parochthiphilacoronata Parochthiphilasg.  Czerny, 1904Parochthiphilaspectabilis Lecopini Hendel, 1928tribe ANCHIOLEUCOPIS Tanasijtshuk 1997Anchioleucopisgeniculata LEUCOPIS Meigen, 1830Leucopisannulipes Zetterstedt, 1848Leucopisargentata Heeger, 1848conciliata McAlpine & Tanasijtshuk, 1972= argenticollis auct. nec Zetterstedt, 1848= Leucopisatritarsis Tanasijtshuk, 1958Leucopisglyphinivora Tanasijtshuk, 1958Leucopisgriseola Leucopissorbi Tanasijtshuk, 1986Leucopissp. cf.szepligetii Aczel, 1937NEOLEUCOPIS Malloch, 1921Neoleucopisatratula Neoleucopisfreyi Neoleucopisobscura Neoleucopisorbiseta LEUCOPOMYIA Malloch, 1921Leucopomyiasilesiaca alticeps misid.= LIPOLEUCOPIS de Meijere, 1928Lipoleucopispraecox de Meijere, 1928LAUXANIIDAE Macquart, 1835HOMONEURINAE Stuckenberg, 1971HOMONEURA van der Wulp, 1891Homoneurabiumbrata tesquae misid.= Homoneuralamellata Homoneuramediospinosa Merz, 2003interstincta auct. nec = Homoneuratenera LAUXANIINAE Macquart, 1835AULOGASTROMYIA Hendel, 1925Aulogastromyiaanisodactyla CALLIOPUM Strand, 1928PageBreakCalliopumaeneum Calliopumelisae nitens auct. nec = CNEMACANTHA Macquart, 1835Cnemacanthamuscaria LAUXANIA Latreille, 1804Czernushkasg.  Shatalkin, 2000Lauxaniaalbomaculata Strobl, 1909Lauxaniasg.  Latreille, 1804Lauxaniacylindricornis MEIOSIMYZA Hendel, 1925Lycia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 preocc.= Lyciella Collin, 1948= Meiosimyzaaffinis Meiosimyzadecempunctata Meiosimyzadecipiens Meiosimyzaillota Meiosimyzalaeta Meiosimyzaplatycephala Meiosimyzarorida Meiosimyzasubfasciata MINETTIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Frendeliasg.  Collin, 1948Minettialongipennis Minettiasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Minettiadesmometopa Minettialupulina Plesiominettiasg.  Shatalkin, 2000Minettiahelvola Minettialoewi Minettiafilia Minettiasg. unplaced in ? (see Notes)Minettiastyriaca PACHYCERINA Macquart, 1835Pachycerinapulchra Pachycerinaseticornis PEPLOMYZA Haliday, 1837Peplomyzadiscoidea POECILOLYCIA Shewell, 1986Poecilolyciavittata quadrivittata = PSEUDOLYCIELLA Shatalkin, 2000Pseudolyciellapallidiventris PageBreakPseudolyciellastylata SAPROMYZA Fall\u00e9n, 1810Nannomyzasg.  Frey, 1941Sapromyzabasalis Zetterstedt, 1847Sapromyzasg.  Fall\u00e9n, 1810Sapromyzaalbiceps Sapromyzaamabilis Frey, 1930Sapromyzaapicalis Loew, 1847obsoleta misid.= Sapromyzaopaca Becker, 1895imitatrix Czerny, 1932= leningradensis misid.= Sapromyzaschnabli Papp, 1987Sapromyzasetiventris Zetterstedt, 1847Sapromyzasexpunctata Meigen, 1826atechna Becker, 1895= pellucida Becker, 1895= Sapromyzasimplicior Hendel, 1908Sapromyzazetterstedti Hendel, 1908Schumannimyiasg.  Papp, 1978Sapromyzahyalinata SAPROMYZOSOMA Lioy, 1864Sapromyzosomaquadripunctata TRICHOLAUXANIA Hendel, 1925Tricholauxaniapraeusta TRIGONOMETOPUS Macquart, 1835Trigonometopusfrontalis Homoneuradilecta  misidentificationLeucopisimpunctata von Roser, 1840 nomen dubiumLeucopispuncticornis Meigen, 1830 nomen dubiumSapromyzathoracica Becker, 1895 nomen dubiumNeoparoecussignatipes  not found within present bordersSapromyzaleningradensis Czerny, 1932 nomen dubium ?Several chamaemyiid species mentioned in this checklist have not been previously recorded from Finland. A paper detailing the new records is in preparation.PageBreakChamaemyiaherbarum . A poorly known species. The name has been widely used for various Chamaemyia species in the past. Chamaemyiasubjuncorum Tanasijtshuk, 1980 . Chamaemyiajuncorum . Most Finnish specimens under this name are either unidentifiable females or belong to other species, most frequently Chamaemyiaaestiva Tanasijtshuk, 1970, but some specimens probably belonging to Chamaemyiaherbarum R.-D. sensu Coe have been found in Finland.Minettia(?)styriaca . This species, originally described in Sapromyza, has traditionally been placed in Minettia. Unfortunately Strobl\u2019s description, which was based on a single female, is rather short and unillustrated. The holotype is lost according to Minettiastyriaca (see Minettia (and many other genera)."}
+{"text": "Information is missing from the Acknowledgments section. The Acknowledgments should include the following text:We thank Igor Grigoriev, Adrian Tsang, Andriy Sibirny, Antonio Logrieco, Burt Bluhm, Christian Kubicek, Dan Cullen, David Archer, Donald Nuss, Gillian Turgeon, Jason Stajich, Jennifer Wortman, Joey Spatafora, Johannes Hackstein, John Davis, Luis Corrochano, Mary Berbee, Nada Krasevec, Patricia van Kuyk, Paul Dyer, Peter Crittenden, Randy Berka, Ronald de Vries, Rytas Vilgalys, Santiago Torres Mart\u00ednez, Sarah Watkinson, Scott Baker, Sharon Doty, Stephen Goodwin, Steven Singer, Terry Hazen, Thomas Jeffries, and Thomas Mock for providing access to unpublished genome data produced by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, a DOE Office of Science User Facility, supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231."}
+{"text": "AbstractLonchopteridae and Phoridae recorded from Finland is presented.A checklist of the  Phoroidea includes at least the fly families Phoridae, Lonchopteridae, and the small family Ironomyiidae known only from Australia. The flat-footed fly families Platypezidae and Opetiidae, treated in a separate paper in this volume, are placed either in their own basal superfamily Platypezoidea or included in Phoroidea  may be the largest single family in Diptera. The true number of species in this family has been estimated to be over 30000, the vast majority still undescribed  were examined by the author during the preparation of this checklist and a few obvious mistakes were taken into account. Most of the material in MZH was identified by H. Schmitz (between years 1915 and 1940) or E. Beyer (in 1958). The lists for other phorid genera are based on recently examined specimens from both MZH and private collections. Due to the difficulties encountered in identifying Megaselia, the list for this genus should definitely be considered preliminary. A revision of the Finnish material is sorely needed.The checklist for The Finnish species of these families were last listed by Lonchopteridae, Phoridae):Number of species furcata = Lonchopterafallax de Meijere, 1906Lonchopteraimpicta Zetterstedt, 1848Lonchopteralutea Panzer, 1809Lonchopterameijerei Collin, 1938Lonchopteranigrociliata Duda, 1927Lonchopteranitidifrons Strobl, 1898Lonchopterascutellata Stein, 1890PHORIDAE Curtis, 1833AENIGMATIAS Meinert, 1890Aenigmatiaslubbockii PageBreakANEVRINA Lioy, 1864Anevrinathoracica Anevrinaunispinosa fennica = Anevrinaurbana BOROPHAGA Enderlein, 1924Borophagaagilis Borophagacarinifrons Borophagafemorata Borophagaincrassata Borophagasubsultans okellyi Schmitz, 1937= CHAETOPLEUROPHORA Schmitz, 1922Chaetopleurophoraerythronota Chaetopleurophoraspinosissima CONICERA Meigen, 1830Coniceradauci atra Meigen, 1830= Conicerafloricola Schmitz, 1938similis auct. nec = minuscula Schmitz, 1953= Coniceraschnittmanni Schmitz, 1926Conicerasimilis pauxilla Schmitz, 1920= Coniceratarsalis Schmitz, 1920? Coniceratibialis Schmitz, 1925fallens Schmitz, 1948= DIPLONEVRA Lioy, 1864Diploneura emend.= Diplonevraflorescens florea  preocc.= abdominalis = Diplonevraconcinna Diplonevrafreyi Schmitz, 1927Diplonevrafunebris rostralis = Diplonevraglabra Schmitz, 1927parcepilosa Schmitz, 1927= Diplonevranitidula Diplonevraoldenbergi Schmitz, 1920DOHRNIPHORA Dahl, 1898Dohrniphoracornuta GYMNOPHORA Macquart, 1835PageBreakGymnophoraarcuata Gymnophorahealeyae Disney, 1980Gymnophoranigripennis Schmitz, 1926Gymnophoraquartomollis Schmitz, 1920HYPOCERA Lioy, 1864Hypoceramordellaria MEGASELIA Rondani, 1856Aphiochaeta Brues, 1903= Plastophora Brues, 1905= Megaseliaaequalis Megaseliaaffinis proxima = Megaseliaalbicaudata Megaseliaalbiclava Megaseliaaltifrons Megaseliaanalis Megaseliaangelicae ? Megaseliaangularis Megaseliaangusta angustata emend.= pulicaria auct. nec = Megaseliaannulipes Megaseliaarmata Megaseliaatrosericea Schmitz, 1927Megaseliaauricoma Schmitz, 1927Megaseliabaltica Megaseliabarbulata depilata = Megaseliabasispinata ? Megaseliabasiveluta Schmitz, 1935Megaseliabeckeri laticrus Schmitz, 1927= Megaseliaberndseni pygmaeoides = Megaseliabovista Megaseliabrevicostalis Megaseliabreviseta Megaseliabreviterga similata = Megaseliacampestris Megaseliaciliata Megaseliacinereifrons Megaseliaclara PageBreakMegaseliacoaetanea Schmitz, 1929Megaseliacoccyx Schmitz, 1965Megaseliacollini ? Megaseliaconformis Megaseliacostalis Megaseliacurvivenia Schmitz, 1928Megaseliadahli Megaseliadiscreta nudiventris = Megaseliadiversa Megaseliadubitalis Megaseliaeccoptomera Schmitz, 1927Megaseliaeisfelderae Schmitz, 1948Megaseliaelongata Megaseliaerecta Megaseliaexarcuata Schmitz, 1927Megaseliaexcavata Schmitz, 1927Megaseliaexcorticata Disney, 2009Megaseliafennicola Beyer, 1958Megaseliaflammula Schmitz, 1928Megaseliaflava Megaseliaflavicoxa Megaseliafumata Megaseliafuneralis Schmitz, 1928Megaseliafungivora Megaseliafusca Megaseliafuscipalpis Megaseliafuscoides Schmitz, 1934Megaseliafuscovariana Schmitz, 1933Megaseliagiraudii Megaseliaglabrifrons Megaseliagroenlandica Megaseliahalterata plurispinosa = Megaseliahectochaeta Schmitz, 1974Megaseliahilaris Schmitz, 1927Megaseliahirsuta Megaseliahirticaudata Megaseliahirticrus Megaseliahumeralis cubitalis = Megaseliahyalipennis Megaseliainfraposita PageBreakMegaseliaignobilis Megaseliaintonsa Schmitz, 1948Megaseliainvoluta Megaselialatifemorata Megaselialimburgensis Megaselialongicostalis Megaselialongifurca spinolabella Disney, 1989= Megaselialongipalpis Megaselialongiseta Megaselialucifrons subnitida = Megaselialuminifrons Megaselialutea Megaseliamajor Megaseliamallochi Megaseliamanicata Megaseliamaura Megaseliameconicera Megaseliameigeni Megaseliamiki Schmitz, 1929? Megaseliaminor angustifrons = Megaseliaminuta luminosa Schmitz, 1952= Megaseliamixta Megaselianasoni coaequalis = Megaselianigra albidihalteralis = Megaselianigriceps projecta = Megaselianigripalpis Megaselianudipleura Megaseliaobscuripennis Megaseliaoffuscata Megaseliaopacicornis Schmitz, 1949Megaseliaparnassia Disney, 1986Megaseliaparva Megaseliapectoralis Megaseliapectunculata Schmitz, 1927Megaseliapicta Megaseliapleuralis PageBreakMegaseliaplurispinulosa Megaseliaposticata Megaseliapraeacuta Megaseliaprodroma Megaseliaproducta sordescens auct. nec Schmitz, 1927= Megaseliapropinqua Megaseliapubecula Schmitz, 1927Megaseliapulicaria sinuata Schmitz, 1926= Megaseliapumila atripes = Megaseliapusilla Megaseliapygmaea Megaseliaquadriseta badia Schmitz, 1938= Megaseliaraetica Schmitz, 1934? Megaseliarobertsoni Disney, 2008Megaseliarobusta Schmitz, 1928Megaseliarubricornis Megaseliarudis Megaseliaruficornis Megaseliarufipes Megaseliascalaris Megaseliascutellaris scutellariformis = Megaseliasepulchralis Megaseliasetulipalpis Schmitz, 1938Megaseliasordida eminens Schmitz, 1953= semiscaura Schmitz, 1927= Megaseliaspecularis Schmitz, 1935? Megaseliaspinicincta Megaseliaspinigera Megaseliastyloprocta Megaseliasubcarpalis Megaseliasubpalpalis Megaseliasubpleuralis Megaseliasubtumida Megaseliasulphuripes Megaseliasuperciliata Megaseliasuperfurcata Schmitz, 1928Megaseliasylvatica PageBreakimpolluta = Megaseliatarsalis Megaseliatenuiventris Schmitz, 1927Megaseliatignorum Disney, 2009Megaseliatumida setifer Lundbeck, 1920= Megaseliaunicolor Megaseliavalvata Schmitz, 1935Megaseliavariana Schmitz, 1926Megaseliavestita Megaseliawinqvisti Disney, 2011Megaseliawoodi Megaseliaxanthozona euryprocta Schmitz, 1957= Megaseliazonata MENOZZIOLA Schmitz, 1927Menozziolaobscuripes METOPINA Macquart, 1835Metopinagaleata inaequalis Schmitz, 1927= Metopinaoligoneura Metopinapileata Schmitz, 1936MICROSELIA Schmitz, 1934Microseliaforsiusi PHALACROTOPHORA Enderlein, 1912Phalacrotophoraberolinensis Schmitz, 1920Phalacrotophorabeuki Disney in Disney & Beuk, 1997Phalacrotophorafasciata PHORA Latreille, 1796Trineura Meigen, 1803= Phoraartifrons Schmitz, 1920Phoraatra aterrima  preocc.= Phorabullata Schmitz, 1927Phoraconvallium Schmitz, 1928Phoraconvergens Schmitz, 1920Phoradubia schineri = Phoraedentata Schmitz, 1920Phorahamata Schmitz, 1927Phoraholosericea Schmitz, 1920Phorahyperborea Schmitz, 1927Phoraobscura Phoraoccidentata Malloch, 1912PageBreakzetterstedti Schmitz, 1927= Phorapenicillata Schmitz, 1920Phorapraepandens Schmitz, 1927Phorapubipes Schmitz, 1920Phorastictica Meigen, 1830Phoratincta Schmitz, 1920PLECTANOCNEMA Schmitz, 1926Plectanocnemanudipes PSEUDACTEON Coquillett, 1907Pseudacteonfennicus Schmitz, 1927Pseudacteonformicarum SPINIPHORA Malloch, 1909Spiniphorabergenstammi Mik, 1864Spiniphoradorsalis Spiniphoraexcisa Spiniphoramaculata helicivora = TRIPHLEBA Rondani, 1856Citrago Schmitz, 1924= Triphlebaadmirabilis Schmitz, 1927Triphlebaaequalis ? Triphlebaautumnalis ? Triphlebabicornuta uncinata = Triphlebacitreiformis Triphlebadistinguenda unicalcarata = Triphlebaexcisa Triphlebagracilis Triphlebahyalinata Triphlebainaequalis Schmitz, 1943? Triphlebaintermedia Triphlebalugubris Triphlebaluteifemorata Triphlebanudipalpis Triphlebaopaca Triphlebapachyneurella Triphlebapalposa Triphlebarenidens Schmitz, 1927Triphlebasubcompleta Schmitz, 1927Triphlebatrinervis VERUANUS Schmitz, 1927Veruanusoldenbergi Schmitz, 1919memorabilis Schmitz, 1927= PageBreakMegaseliacirriventris Schmitz, 1929 mistake?Megaseliacrassipes  misidentifiedMegaseliadigitalis Schmitz, 1957 mistake?Megaseliaindifferens  not found within present bordersMegaselialapponica Schmitz, 1928 not found within present bordersMegaselialuteipes  misidentifiedMegaseliapalmeni  not found within present bordersMegaseliaseptentrionalis  not found within present bordersMegaseliasimulans  not found within present borders ?Triphlebagilvipes Schmitz, 1943 not found within present bordersConiceratarsalis, Megaseliacollini. Records of these species are based on single females identified by H. Schmitz.Megaseliabasispinata, Megaseliamiki, Megaseliaraetica. Species recorded from Finland by Megaseliacirriventris, Megaseliadigitalis. These species were recorded from \u2018Fennia\u2019 and \u2018Lappland\u2019 by Megaselialuteipes. Examined specimens belong to Megaseliasp. notluteipes   and possibly Megaselia sp. 24 of Megaseliapulicaria agg. This difficult complex of species was revised by Megaseliaangusta, Megaseliacostalis, Megaselialongicostalis, Megaselialongifurca, Megaseliapulicaria, Megaseliasubtumida and Megaseliatumida.Megaseliasimulans. Recorded only(?) from Kuusamo, a municipality split between Finland and Russia in 1944. Most records preceding the split are from the Russian side. No material was found in MZH.Megaseliaspecularis. Recorded, with some doubt, from Finland by Triphlebaaequalis. Triphlebaautumnalis, Triphlebainaequalis. Finnish according to PageBreak"}
+{"text": "AbstractSyrphidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland. Three species of Syrphidae, Platycheirusmodestus Ide, 1926, Cheilosiabarovskii  and Mallotatricolor Loew, 1871, are published as new to the Finnish fauna. Platycheirusmodestus is also new to the Palaearctic.A checklist of the  Syrphidae (hoverflies or flower flies) are mimics of bees, bumblebees, wasps and sawflies. Syrphid flies are active visitors of flowers for nectar and pollen and therefore they are important pollinators. The syrphid adults are excellent fliers and often seen hovering.Adults of PageBreaksignificant economic damage. Aquatic larvae are saprophagous in decaying organic material and feed on detritus or filter bacteria. Also larvae living in dead wood and in sap runs probably filter bacteria from the decaying mass. obscuripennis Meigen, 1822= Melanostomini Williston, 1885tribe MELANOSTOMA Schiner, 1860PageBreakMelanostomadubium freyi = Melanostomamellinum Melanostomascalare PLATYCHEIRUS Le Peletier & Serville, 1828Platycheirussg.  Le Peletier & Serville, 1828Platycheirusaeratus Coquillet, 1900angustitarsis Kanervo, 1934= Platycheirusalbimanus Platycheirusambiguus Platycheirusamplus Curran, 1927Platycheirusangustatus Platycheirusaurolateralis Platycheirusbrunnifrons Nielsen, 2004Platycheiruscarinatus hirtipes Kanervo, 1938? = Platycheirusclypeatus Platycheirusdiscimanus Loew, 1871Platycheiruseuropaeus Goeldlin, Maibach & Speight, 1990Platycheirusfulviventris Platycheirusgoeldlini Nielsen, 2004Platycheirusgroenlandicus Curran, 1927boreomontanus Nielsen, 1981= monticolus Nielsen, 1972 preocc.= Platycheirusholarcticus Vockeroth, 1990Platycheirushyperboreus Platycheirusimmarginatus Platycheirusjaerensis Nielsen, 1971Platycheiruskittilaensis Du\u0161ek & L\u00e1ska, 1982complicatus misid.= Platycheiruslaskai Nielsen, 1999Platycheiruslatimanus Platycheiruslundbecki Platycheirusmagadanensis Mutin, 1999Platycheirusmanicatus Platycheirusmodestus Ide, 1926Platycheirusnielseni Vockeroth, 1990Platycheirusnigrofemoratus Kanervo, 1934Platycheirusoccultus Goeldlin, Maibach & Speight, 1990Platycheirusparmatus Rondani, 1857Platycheiruspeltatus Platycheirusperpallidus Verral, 1901Platycheiruspodagratus PageBreakPlatycheirusramsarensis Goeldlin, Maibach & Speight, 1990Platycheirusscambus Platycheirusscutatus Platycheirussplendidus Rotheray, 1998Platycheirussticticus Platycheirussubordinatus Becker, 1915Platycheirustarsalis Platycheirustransfugus Platycheirusurakawensis Platycheirusvaripes Curran, 1923Pyrophaenasg.  Schiner, 1860Platycheirusgranditarsus Platycheirusrosarum XANTHANDRUS Verrall, 1901Xanthandruscomtus Paragini Glumac, 1961tribe PARAGUS Latreille, 1804Paragusconstrictus \u0160imi\u0107, 1986Paragusfinitimus Goeldlin, 1971Paragushaemorrhous Meigen, 1822sigillatus Curtis, 1836= Paraguspecchiolii Rondani, 1857majoranae auct. nec Rondani, 1857= albifrons misid.= Paragustibialis Chrysotoxini Newman, 1834tribe CHRYSOTOXUM Meigen, 1803Chrysotoxumarcuatum fasciatum = Chrysotoxumbicinctum Chrysotoxumcautum Chrysotoxumfasciolatum Chrysotoxumfestivum arcuatum auct. nec = Chrysotoxumoctomaculatum Curtis, 1937elegans misid.= Chrysotoxumvernale Loew, 1841Syrphini Latreille, 1802tribe DASYSYRPHUS Enderlein, 1838Dasysyrphusalbostriatus Dasysyrphusfriuliensis claviger = carpathicus Stys & Moucha, 1962= PageBreakDasysyrphushilaris Dasysyrphusnigricornis obscuratus = Dasysyrphuspauxillus Dasysyrphuspinastri lunulatus = Dasysyrphuspostclaviger Stys & Moucha, 1962claviger  preocc.= Dasysyrphustricinctus Dasysyrphusvenustus arcuatus = DIDEA Macquart, 1834Dideaalneti Dideafasciata Macquart, 1834Dideaintermedia Loew, 1854DOROS Meigen, 1803Dorosprofuges conopseus auct. nec = EPISTROPHE Walker, 1852Epistropheannulitarsis Stackelberg, 1918Epistrophecryptica Doczkal & Schmid, 1994Epistrophediaphana Epistropheeligans bifasciata  preocc.= Epistropheflava Doczkal & Schmid, 1994melanostomoides misid.= Epistrophegrossulariae Epistrophemelanostoma melanostomoides Strobl, 1910= Epistrophenitidicollis Epistropheobscuripes similis Doczkal & Schmid, 1994= Epistropheochrostoma Epistropheolgae Mutin, 1990EPISTROPHELLA Du\u0161ek & L\u00e1ska, 1967Epistrophellaeuchroma EPISYRPHUS Matsumura & Adachi, 1917Episyrphusbalteatus ERIOZONA Schiner, 1860Eriozonasyrphoides EUPEODES Osten Sacken, 1877Metasyrphus Matsumura, 1917= Eupeodesabiskoensis PageBreakEupeodesbiciki Eupeodesbucculatus latilunulatus = Eupeodescorollae Eupeodescurtus Eupeodesduseki Maz\u00e1nek, L\u00e1ska & Bicik, 1999Eupeodesgoeldlini Maz\u00e1nek, L\u00e1ska & Bicik, 1999Eupeodeslatifasciatus Eupeodeslundbecki Eupeodesluniger Eupeodesnielseni Eupeodesnitens Eupeodespunctifer borealis misid.= Eupeodestirolensis FAGISYRPHUS Du\u0161ek & L\u00e1ska, 1967Fagisyrphuscinctus LAPPOSYRPHUS Du\u0161ek & L\u00e1ska, 1967Lapposyrphuslapponicus LEUCOZONA Schiner, 1860Leucozonasg.  Schiner, 1860Leucozonainopinata Doczkal, 2000Leucozonalucorum Ischyrosyrphussg.  Bigot, 1882Leucozonaglaucia Leucozonalaternaria MEGASYRPHUS Du\u0161\u0161ek & L\u00e1ska, 1967Megasyrphuserraticus annulipes = MELANGYNA Verrall, 1901Melangynaarctica Melangynabarbifrons Melangynacoei Nielsen, 1971Melangynacompositarum Melangynalasiophthalma Melangynalucifera Nielsen, 1980Melangynaquadrimaculata Melangynaumbellatarum MELIGRAMMA Frey, 1946Meligrammaguttata Meligrammatriangulifera MELISCAEVA Frey, 1946Meliscaevaauricollis PageBreakMeliscaevacinctella PARASYRPHUS Matsumura, 1917Parasyrphusannulatus Parasyrphusgroenlandicus Parasyrphuslineolus Parasyrphusmacularis Parasyrphusmalinellus Parasyrphusnigritarsis Parasyrphusproximus Mutin, 1990Parasyrphuspunctulatus Parasyrphustarsatus dryadis = Parasyrphusvittiger SCAEVA Fabricius, 1805Scaevapyrastri Scaevaselenitica SPHAEROPHORIA Lepeletier & Serville, 1828Sphaerophoriaabbreviata Zetterstedt, 1859Sphaerophoriabankowskae Goeldlin, 1989Sphaerophoriabatava Goeldlin, 1974Sphaerophoriaboreoalpina Goeldlin, 1989Sphaerophoriachongjini Bankowska, 1964Sphaerophoriafatarum Goeldlin, 1989Sphaerophoriainterrupta menthastri = Sphaerophoriakaa Violovitsh, 1960Sphaerophorialaurae Goeldlin, 1989Sphaerophorialoewi Zetterstedt, 1843Sphaerophoriapallidula Mutin, 1999Sphaerophoriaphilantha sarmatica Bankowska, 1964= Sphaerophoriarueppelli Sphaerophoriascripta Sphaerophoriataeniata Sphaerophoriavirgata Goeldlin, 1974SYRPHUS Fabricius, 1775Syrphusadmirandus Goeldlin, 1996Syrphusattenuatus Hine, 1922pilisquamus Ringdahl, 1928= Syrphusribesii brevicinctus Kanervo, 1938= Syrphussexmaculatus Zetterstedt, 1838Syrphustorvus Osten Sacken, 1875PageBreakSyrphusvitripennis Meigen, 1822rectusbretoletensis Goeldlin, 1996= XANTHOGRAMMA Schiner, 1860Xanthogrammacitrofasciatum festivum auct. nec = Xanthogrammapedissequum Xanthogrammastackelbergi Violovitsh, 1975MILESIINAE Rondani, 1845Cerioidini Wahlgren, 1909tribe CERIANA Rafinesque, 1815Cerianaconopsoides SPHIXIMORPHA Rondani, 1850Sphiximorphasubsessilis Cheilosini Williston, 1885tribe CHEILOSIA Meigen, 1822Cheilosiaalba Vuji\u0107 & Claussen, 2000Cheilosiaalbipila Meigen, 1838Cheilosiaalbitarsis Cheilosiaalpina Cheilosiaangustigenis Becker, 1894Cheilosiabarbata Loew, 1857honesta Rondani, 1868= Cheilosiabarovskii Cheilosiacarbonaria Egger, 1860Cheilosiachrysocoma Cheilosiacynocephala Loew, 1840Cheilosiaflavipes Cheilosiaflavissima Becker, 1894pallipes auct. nec Loew, 1863= Cheilosiafraterna Cheilosiafrontalis Loew, 1857Cheilosiagigantea gracilis Hell\u00e9n, 1914= Cheilosiagrossa Cheilosiaillustrata Cheilosiaimpressa Loew, 1840Cheilosiaingerae Nielsen & Claussen, 2001Cheilosialasiopa Kowarz, 1885honesta auct. nec Rondani, 1868= Cheilosialatifrons intonsa Loew, 1857= Cheilosialongula plumulifera Loew, 1857= PageBreaksoror misid.= Cheilosiamelanopa Cheilosiamorio Cheilosiamutabilis ruralis = Cheilosianaruska Haarto & Kerppola, 2007Cheilosianebulosa Verrall, 1871langhofferi Becker, 1894= Cheilosianigripes Cheilosiapagana Cheilosiaproxima Cheilosiapsilophthalma Becker, 1894Cheilosiapubera Cheilosiareniformis Hell\u00e9n, 1930Cheilosiarufimana Becker, 1894Cheilosiasahlbergi Becker, 1894Cheilosiascutellata Cheilosiasemifasciata Becker, 1894Cheilosiasootryeni Nielsen, 1970Cheilosiaurbana ruralis = praecox = globulipes Becker, 1894= Cheilosiauviformis Becker, 1894argentifrons Hell\u00e9n, 1914= Cheilosiavariabilis Cheilosiavelutina Loew, 1840Cheilosiavernalis rotundicornis Hell\u00e9n, 1914= rotundiventris Becker, 1894= ruficollis Becker, 1894= Cheilosiavicina nasutula Becker, 1894= Cheilosiavulpina Cheilosia sp. A in Haarto & Kerppola, 2007FERDINANDEA Rondani, 1844Ferdinandeacuprea RHINGIA Scopoli, 1763Rhingiaborealis Ringdahl, 1928austriaca auct. nec Meigen, 1830= Rhingiacampestris Meigen, 1822Chrysogasterini Shannon, 1922tribe BRACHYOPA Meigen, 1822PageBreakBrachyopacinerea Wahlberg, 1844Brachyopadorsata Zetterstedt, 1837Brachyopaobscura Thompson & Torp, 1982Brachyopapilosa Collin, 1939bicolor misid.= Brachyopatestacea conica misid.= Brachyopavittata Zetterstedt, 1843Brachyopazhelochovtsevi Mutin, 1998CHRYSOGASTER Meigen, 1803Chrysogastercoemiteriorum cemiteriorum emend.= chalybeata Meigen, 1822= Chrysogastersolstitialis Chrysogastervirescens Loew, 1854CHRYSOSYRPHUS Sedman, 1965Helleniola Stackelberg, 1965= Chrysosyrphusnasutus Chrysosyrphusniger Myoleptanigra mistake= HAMMERSCHMIDTIA Schummel, 1834Hammerschmidtiaferruginea Hammerschmidtiaingrica Stackelberg, 1952LEJOGASTER Rondani, 1857Lejogastermetallina Lejogastertarsata splendida = MELANOGASTER Rondani, 1857Melanogasteraerosa macquarti = viduata misid.= Melanogasterparumplicata NEOASCIA Williston, 1886Neoasciasg.  Williston, 1886Neoasciapodagrica Neoasciatenur dispar = lapponica Kanervo, 1934= splendida Kanervo, 1934= Neoasciellasg.  Stackelberg, 1970Neoasciageniculata Neoasciainterrupta Neoasciameticulosa PageBreakaenea = Neoasciaobliqua Coe, 1940Neoasciasubchalybea Curran, 1925petsamoensis Kanervo, 1934= ORTHONEVRA Macquart, 1829Orthonevraelegans Orthonevraerythrogona Orthonevrageniculata linnaniemii Kanervo, 1934= Orthonevraintermedia Lundbeck, 1916rossica Stackelberg, 1953= Orthonevranobilis Orthonevraplumbago brevicornis misid.= Orthonevrastackelbergi Thompson & Torp, 1982intermedia misid.= SPHEGINA Meigen, 1822Spheginasg.  Meigen, 1822Spheginaclunipes Spheginaelegans Schummel, 1843kimakowiczi misid.= Spheginamontana Becker, 1921violovitshi misid.= verecunda misid.= Spheginaspheginea Asiospheginasg.  Stackelberg, 1975Spheginasibirica Stackelberg, 1953Eristalini Newman, 1834tribe ANASIMYIA Schiner, 1864Eurimyia Bigot, 1883= Anasimyiacontracta Claussen & Torp, 1980Anasimyiainterpuncta Anasimyialineata Anasimyialunulata Anasimyiatransfuga ERISTALINUS Rondani, 1845Eristalinusaeneus Eristalinussepulchralis ERISTALIS Latreille, 1804Eristalisabusiva Collin, 1931Eristalisalpina Eristalisanthophorina Eristalisarbustorum PageBreaknemorum auct. nec = Eristaliscryptarum Eristalisfratercula Zetterstedt, 1838vallei Kanervo, 1934= Eristalisgomojunovae Violovitsh, 1977fratercula auct. nec Zetterstedt, 1838= Eristalishirta Loew, 1866Eristalistundrarum Frey, 1932= Eristalishorticola lineata = Eristalisintricaria Eristalisnemorum interrupta = Eristalisobscura Loew, 1866pseudorupium Kanervo, 1938= vitripennis Strobl, 1893= Eristalisoestracea Eristalispertinax Eristalispicea Eristalisrupium Eristalissimilis pratorum = Eristalistenax HELOPHILUS Meigen, 1822Helophilusaffinis Wahlberg, 1844Helophilusbottnicus Wahlberg, 1844Helophilusgroenlandicus Helophilushybridus Loew, 1846Helophiluslapponicus Wahlberg, 1844borealis Staeger, 1845= Helophiluspendulus Helophilustrivittatus parallelus = MALLOTA Meigen, 1822Mallotamegilliformis Mallotatricolor Loew, 1871MYATHROPA Rondani, 1845Myathropaflorea PARHELOPHILUS Girschner, 1897Parhelophilusconsimilis Parhelophilusfrutetorum Parhelophilusversicolor Eumerini Smirnov, 1924tribe PageBreakEUMERUS Meigen, 1822Eumerusflavitarsis Zetterstedt, 1843Eumerusfuneralis Meigen, 1822tuberculatus Rondani, 1857= Eumerusgrandis Meigen, 1822annulatus = Eumerusruficornis Meigen, 1822Eumerussabulonum Eumerusstrigatus Merodontini Edwards, 1915tribe MERODON Meigen, 1803Merodonequestris Pelecocerini Williston, 1887tribe PELECOCERA Meigen, 1822Chamaesyrphus Mik, 1895= Pelecoceracaledonica Pelecoceralusitanica Pelecocerascaevoides Pelecoceratricincta Meigen, 1822Pipizini Williston, 1885tribe CRYPTOPIPIZA Mutin, 1998Cryptopipizanotabila HERINGIA Rondani, 1856Heringiaheringi NEOCNEMODON Goffe, 1944Cnemodon Egger, 1865 preocc.= Neocnemodonfulvimanus Neocnemodonlarusi fulvimanus auct. nec = Neocnemodonlatitarsis Neocnemodonpubescens Neocnemodonverrucula Neocnemodonvitripennis PIPIZA Fall\u00e9n, 1810Pipizaaccola Violovitsh, 1985Pipizaaustriaca Meigen, 1822Pipizafasciata Meigen, 1822Pipizafestiva Meigen, 1822Pipizalugubris Pipizaluteitarsis Zetterstedt, 1843Pipizanoctiluca Pipizanotata Meigen, 1822bimaculata Meigen, 1822= PageBreakPipizaquadrimaculata PIPIZELLA Rondani, 1856Pipizellacerta Violovitsh, 1981brevis auct. nec Lucas, 1976= Pipizellaobscura Van Steenis & Lucas, 2011Pipizellaviduata virens misid.= TRICHOPSOMYIA Williston, 1888Trichopsomyiaflavitarsis Trichopsomyiajoratensis Goeldlin, 1997TRIGLYPHUS Loew, 1840Triglyphusprimus Loew, 1840Sericomyiini Rondani, 1845tribe SERICOMYIA Meigen, 1803Sericomyiaarctica Schirmer, 1913Sericomyiajakutica Sericomyialappona Sericomyianigra Portschinsky, 1872Sericomyiasilentis Volucellini Newman, 1834tribe VOLUCELLA Geoffroy, 1762Volucellabombylans Volucellainanis Volucellapellucens Xylotini Bigot, 1883tribe BLERA Billberg, 1820Bleraeoa (Stackelberg 1928)Blerafallax BRACHYPALPOIDES Hippa, 1978Brachypalpoideslentus BRACHYPALPUS Macquart, 1834Brachypalpuslaphriformis CHALCOSYRPHUS Curran, 1925Chalcosyrphusjacobsoni Chalcosyrphusnemorum Chalcosyrphusnigripes Chalcosyrphuspiger Chalcosyrphusrufipes Chalcosyrphusvalgus femoratus auct. nec Linnaeus, 1758= CRIORHINA Meigen, 1822Criorhinaasilica LEJOTA Rondani, 1857PageBreakLejotaruficornis SPHECOMYIA Latreille, 1829Sphecomyiavespiformis Gorski, 1852SPILOMYIA Meigen, 1803Spilomyiadiophthalma SYRITTA Lepeletier & Serville, 1828Syrittapipiens TEMNOSTOMA Lepeletier & Serville, 1828Temnostomaangustistriatum Krivosheina, 2002bombylans auct. nec = Temnostomaapiforme Temnostomacarens Gaunitz, 1936Temnostomasericomyiaeforme Temnostomavespiforme TROPIDIA Meigen, 1822Tropidiafasciata Meigen, 1822Tropidiascita XYLOTA Meigen, 1822Xylotacaeruleiventris Zetterstedt, 1838Xylotaflorum Xylotaignava Xylotajakutorum Bagatshanova, 1980caeruleiventris auct. nec Zetterstedt, 1838= Xylotameigeniana Stackelberg, 1964Xylotasegnis Xylotasuecica Xylotasylvarum Xylotatarda Meigen, 1822Xylotatriangularis Zetterstedt, 1838Xylotaxanthocnema Collin, 1939MICRODONTINAE Rondani, 1845Microdontini Rondani, 1845tribe MICRODON Meigen, 1803Microdonanalis eggeri Mik, 1897= Microdonmiki Doczkal & Schmid, 1999latifrons auct. nec = Microdonmutabilis Microdondevius  was not found within present borders.PageBreakNeoasciaannexa  was included in the Finnish species list in Fauna Europaea  was included in the Finnish species list in Fauna Europaea : The status of Parasyrphusrelictus is unclear and the type material is lost  was included in the Finnish species list in Fauna Europaea  and Melanostomadubium  form a species complex and it is very doubtful whether present species concepts provide an accurate reflection of the number of Melanostoma species .Dasysyrphus spp. Both Dasysyrphusvenustus  and Dasysyrphushilaris  are known to contain several species . A previously unpublished record. Five females were collected in 30.5.1937 from Ta: S\u00e4\u00e4ksm\u00e4ki (leg. K.E. Kivirikko) and one female in 20.5.2013 from N: Sipoo (leg. T. J\u00e4rvel\u00e4inen).Myoleptanigra  was erroneously included in the list of Finnish flies  = Chrysosyrphusniger , Eristalisarbustorum  and Eristalishorticola  follows the proposal in Case 3259 by The used nomenclature of the species Mallotatricolor Loew, 1871. A previously unpublished record. One male was collected in 4.8.1977 from Ta: H\u00e4meenlinna (leg. M. Raekunnas) and another male in 13.6.\u20136.7.2013 from Sa: Joutseno (leg. J. Vil\u00e9n).Microdonmutabilis  and Microdonmyrmicae Sch\u00f6nrogge, Barr, Wardlaw, Napper, Gardner, Breen, Elmes & Thomas, 2002 form a species complex the species of which can be separate only by characters of the larvae and the puparia (Microdonmutabilis represents either of the two species or include both of the species. puparia . In the PageBreak"}
+{"text": "In , the autAuthor affiliations:a, b, *, Matthew B. Cohenb, Jeffrey D. Bjorgec, James W. Mierb, Daniel C. Chob, *Shudong ZhuaSchool of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, ChinabDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USAcDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, CanadaCorresponding author information:*Correspondence to: Shudong ZHU, Ph.D., School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 172 TongZiPo Rd, Changsha, China.Tel.: 731-8265-0460Fax: 731-8265-0460shudongzhu@csu.edu.cnE-mail: The authors wish to apologize for any misunderstanding or inconvenience caused."}
+{"text": "Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in neuronal and glial death and the loss of axons at the injury site. Inflammation after SCI leads to the inhibition of tissue regeneration and reduced neuronal survival. In addition, the loss of axons after SCI results in functional loss below the site of injury accompanied by neuronal cell body\u2019s damage. Consequently, reducing inflammation and promoting axonal regeneration after SCI is a worthy therapeutic goal. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a transmembrane protein and receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily. RAGE is implicated in inflammation and neurodegeneration. Several recent studies demonstrated an association between RAGE and central nervous system disorders through various mechanisms. However, the relationship between RAGE and SCI has not been shown. It is imperative to elucidate the association between RAGE and SCI, considering that RAGE relates to inflammation and axonal degeneration following SCI. Hence, the present review highlights recent research regarding RAGE as a compelling target for the treatment of SCI.  Spinal cord injury (SCI) is considered to be primarily associated with loss of motor function  and leadSCI resulting from mechanical trauma provokes secondary injuries, including severe tissue damage, inflammation, Wallerian degeneration, disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier, myelin degradation, and glial scarring ,31,32,33N-terminal V-type and two C-type Ig domains [C-domain [RAGE is a 35-kDa membrane-bound protein receptor and a member of a superfamily of immunoglobulins  and shar domains . RAGE wa domains . Numerou domains , nephrop domains ,62,63, a domains ,64,65 du domains ,67, but  domains ,69,70, \u03b2 domains ,72,73,74 domains ,75,76,77 domains ,79. The C-domain ,81, AGEsC-domain ,79. ReceC-domain ,25,26,27C-domain , Rac/CdcC-domain , Jak/sigC-domain ,84, extrC-domain ,86,87, nC-domain ,89,90. RC-domain ,92. AlsoC-domain . Hence, in vitro study [Among RAGE\u2019s ligands, HMGB1 and S100\u03b2 protein should be focused on the SCI\u2019s research because these ligands participate in secondary mechanisms after SCI along with RAGE. RAGE is a major cellular binding site for HMGB1 (amphoterin) ,94,95. Iro study ,104. Thero study ,105,106.ro study ,107, hemro study ,109,110.ro study ,114,115.ro study ,117. Celro study . Within ro study ,118. Inhro study . Inflammro study . A transro study ,121. RAGro study . Among tro study . HMGB1 hro study ,124,125.ro study ,127,128.ro study  mostly iro study ,131. HMGro study ,133,134.ro study  by regulro study , interlero study ,138, IL-ro study  in monocro study ,141,142 ro study ,144 to aro study ,146 and ro study . Moreovero study ,149,150.ro study ,149,150.ro study ,149, in N-glycans and subsequently promotes neurite outgrowth [et al. demonstrated that anti-RAGE IgG/(Fab')2 inhibited HMGB1-RAGE activation and blocked HMGB1-induced neurite outgrowth [SCI results in the failure of axonal regeneration, leading to functional decline . To imprutgrowth ,162. Horutgrowth . Severalutgrowth ,163. In utgrowth ,166,167 utgrowth . RAGE siutgrowth . Among tutgrowth ,170,171.utgrowth . S100\u03b2-mutgrowth . In a stutgrowth .et al. reported that the implantation of Schwann cells in injured spinal cords supports regeneration of axons, reduces cyst formation, and improves functional decline [Schwann cells have important roles in tissue repair after CNS injury because Schwann cells are involved in various mechanisms, including differentiation, migration, proliferation, and myelination of axons ,175. In  decline . Schwann decline . S100\u03b2-m decline ,183. Sev decline ,183,184. decline . Moreove decline . These rIn the present review, we discuss the association of RAGE and its ligands with SCI from various perspectives. We addressed three points: (1) Binding of RAGE and its ligands appears to contribute to the inflammatory response caused by SCI by regulating the secretion of cytokines and chemokines and modulating apoptosis signaling; (2) RAGE and its ligands may improve functional decline after SCI by promoting neurite outgrowth, which is crucial for neurite regeneration after CNS injury; (3) RAGE and its ligands may promote the myelination of axons and axonal regeneration as treatments for injured spinal cords by activating Schwann cells. This review indicates that further studies of RAGE and its ligands in SCI are necessary for a good understanding of the various mechanisms leading to functional decline after SCI."}
+{"text": "There are several errors in the published article. The authors are listed out of order. Please view the correct author order, affiliations, and citation here:1, Jian Xu1, Yong Ren2, Kay Ka-Wai Li3, Ho-Keung Ng3, Ying Mao1, Ping Zhong1*, Yu Yao1*, Liang-Fu Zhou1Zhen-Yu Zhang1 Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2 Department of Pathology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, People\u2019s Liberation Army, Wuhan, China, 3 Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaZhang Z-Y, Xu J, Ren Y, Yao Y, Li KK-W, et al. (2014) Medulloblastoma in China: Clinicopathologic Analyses of SHH, WNT, and Non-SHH/WNT Molecular Subgroups Reveal Different Therapeutic Responses to Adjuvant Chemotherapy. PLoS ONE 9(6): e99490. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099490yu_yao03@126.com.The email address for co-Corresponding Author Yu Yao is incorrect. The correct email address is:"}
+{"text": "Unfortunately, the original version of this article  containeThis study was supported by a research grant from King Salman Center for Disability Research (FSA) as well as the Saudi Human Genome Project initiative, KACST.Saudi Mendeliome Group : Abdulwahab, Firdous; Abouelhoda, Mohamed; Abouthuraya, Rula; Abumansour, Iman; Ahmed, Syed O.; Al Rubeaan, Khalid; Al Tassan, Nada; AlAbdulaziz, Basma; AlAbdulrahman, Khalid; Alamer, FH; Alazami, Anas; Al-Baik, Lina A.; Aldahmesh, Mohammed; Al-Dhekri, Hasan; AlDusery, Haya; Algazlan, Sulaiman; Al-Ghonaium, Abdulaziz; Alhamed, Mohammed; Alhashem, Amal; Alhissi, Safa Ahmed; AlIssa, Abdulelah; Aljurf, Mahmoud D.; Alkuraya, Fowzan S; Alkuraya, Hisham; Allam, Rabab; Almasharawi, Iman J; Almoisheer, Agaadir; AlMostafa, Abeer; Al-Mousa, Hamoud; Al-Muhsen, Saleh; Almutairy, Eid A; Alnader, Noukha; AlNaqeb, Dhekra; ALOtaibi, AB; Alotibi, Afaf; Al-Qattan, Sarah; Al-Saud, Bandar; Al-Saud, Haya; Alshammari, M; Alsharif, Hadeel; Alsheikh, Abdulmoneem H; Al-Sulaiman, Ayman; Altamimi, AS; Al-Tayeb, Hamsa; Alwadaee, SM; Al-Younes, B; Alzahrani, Fatima; Anazi, Shamsa; Arnaout, Rand; Bashiri, Fahad; Binamer, Yousef; Binhumaid, FS; Bohlega, Saeed; Broering, Dieter; Burdelski, Martin; Dasouki, Majed Jamil; Dzimiri, Nduna Francis; Elamin, Tanziel; El-Kalioby, Mohamed; Elsiesy, Hussien; Faqeih, Eissa; Faquih, Tariq; Hagos, Samya; Hagr, Abdulrahman A; Hashem, Mais; Hawwari, Abbas; Hazzaa, Selwa; Ibrahim, Niema; Imtiaz, Faiqa; Jabr, Amal; Kattan, Rana; Kaya, Namik; Kentab, Amal; Khalil, Dania; Khan, Arif O; Khier, Omnia; Meyer, Brian; Mohamed, Jawahir; Monies, Dorota; Muiya, Paul N.; Murad, Hatem; Naim, EA; Owaidah, Tarek; Patel, Nisha; Ramzan, Khushnooda; Salih, Mustafa A; Shagrani, Mohammad; Shaheen, Ranad; Shamseldin, Hanan; Sogaty, Sameera; Subhani, Shazia; Taibah, Khalid; Wakil, Salma M."}
+{"text": "Efficacy and safety of TCZ, an IL-6 receptor inhibitor, were previously demonstrated at wk 40 of CHERISH, a phase 3 trial in patients (pts) with pcJIA .To investigate efficacy and safety of TCZ over 104 wks of treatment in pcJIA.Pts 2-17 years old with \u22656 months' active pcJIA who failed methotrexate received open-label (OL) TCZ  every 4 wks for 16 wks. Pts with \u2265JIA ACR30 response at wk 16 entered a 24-wk double-blind withdrawal period and were randomised (1:1) to placebo or continuation with TCZ. Pts with JIA ACR30 flare or who completed the withdrawal period entered an OL extension through wk 104.188 pts entered the lead-in period, 166 entered the withdrawal period, 160 entered the OL extension period and 155 completed 104 wks. In pts who received TCZ throughout the study, JIA ACR responses and improvement in JIA ACR core components (Table) were maintained through wk 104. The safety population comprised 188 pts with 307 pt years (PY). Rates/100PY of AEs and serious AEs (SAEs) were 406.5 and 11.1, respectively; infections were the most common AE (151.4) and SAE (5.2). ALT and AST elevations \u22653 \u00d7 upper limit of normal occurred in 6.4% and 2.7% of pts, respectively. Grade 3 neutropenia and grade 2/3/4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 5.9% and 1.6% of pts, respectively. LDL cholesterol \u2265110 mg/dl occurred in 16.2% of pts.Efficacy of TCZ was maintained through 2 years of treatment in pts with pcJIA, with no change in safety profile from that reported previously .F. De Benedetti Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, Pfizer, BMS, Roche, Novimmune, Novartis, S0BI, N. Ruperto Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, Boehringer, BMS, Novartis, Astellas, Italfarmaco, MedImmune, Pfizer, Roche, Z. Zuber: None declared, R. Cuttica Speakers Bureau: Roche, Abbott, Pfizer, Novartis, BMS, R. Xavier: None declared, I. Calvo: None declared, N. Rubio: None declared, E. Alekseeva Grant/Research Support from: Roche, Abbott, Pfizer, BMS, Centocor, Novartis, Speakers Bureau: Roche, Merck, Abbott, BMS, Medac, Novartis, Pfizer, V. Chasnyk: None declared, J. Chavez: None declared, G. Horneff Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, Pfizer, V. Opoka-Winiarska: None declared, P. Quartier Grant/Research Support from: Abbott/Abbvie, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Consultant for: Abbott/Abbvie, BMS, Chugai-Roche, Novartis, Pfizer, Servier, Sweedish Orphan Biovitrum, Speakers Bureau: BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, A. Spindler: None declared, C. Keane Employee of: Roche, K. Bharucha Employee of: Roche, J. Wang Employee of: Roche, D. Lovell Grant/Research Support from: NIH, Consultant for: AstraZeneca, Centocor, Janssen, Wyeth, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Genentech, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, Roche, A. Martini Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, AstraZeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, BMS, Astellas, Boehringer, Italfarmaco, MedImune, Novartis, Pfizer, H. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, MedImmune, EMD Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Janssen, Speakers Bureau: Genentech."}
+{"text": "There is an error in Affiliation 1 for authors Sabelo Hadebe, Rebecca A. Drummond, Simon Vautier, Sara Sajaniemi, Pierre Redelinghuys, and Gordon D. Brown. Affiliation 1 should be: Aberdeen Fungal Group, Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Programme, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom."}
+{"text": "AbstractDecellebruchus (Decellebruchuswalker (Decellebruchusatrolineatus (Decellebruchuslunae is described as a new species. The shortest and most parsimonious phylogenetic tree for genera with pectinate antennae had a length of 33, consistency index 87, and retention index 81.Keys to species, descriptions, synonymy, host plants, and geographical distributions are presented for the three species in the genus ebruchus ; of thosswalker  was the lineatus  is trans Decellebruchus was erected by Borowiec in 1987 with the type species Decellebruchuswalkeri , PageBreakState Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville, Fl, USA Florida (FSCA), Musee Zoologique de l\u2019Universite de Lund, Lund University, Sweden (MZLU); South African National Collection of Insects, Queenswood, South Africa (SANC).Cladistics. External morphological characters and internal characters, these latter only from male genitalia (Table Caryedes and Gibbobruchus because they have only few species with pectinate antennae) and all species in the genus Decellebruchus. Pachymerus, a less derived genus was used as the outgroup. The data matrix is presented in Table ia Table  were useTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraBruchidaeBorowiecDecellebruchus Borowiec, 1987: 149.Male. Vestiture: Moderately dense or dense, variegated; front coxa with a wide tuft of white setae. Body oval and stout. Head: Short, strongly constricted behind eyes, postocular lobe very short; eyes bulging, deeply emarginate; frons narrow, with sharp median carina; antennae pectinate from 4th or 5th segment. Prothorax: Pronotum subconical, without lateral carina; disc convex, slightly gibbous before scutellum and with shallow median channel; prosternal process narrow, triangular, acute. Meso- and metathorax: Scutellum square, bidentate apically; elytral striae regular; striae 4 and 5 abbreviated basally by tubercle. Legs: Metacoxa densely punctate; hind femur moderately swollen, ventral carinae obsolete. Internal ventral margin with small subapical spine, often followed by two smaller spines; hind tibia straight, enlarged, with complete or incomplete set of carinae, mucro longer than lateral coronal denticle. Abdomen: More or less telescoped, fifth sternite deeply emarginated; pygidium vertical. Genitalia: PageBreakInternal sac of male genitalia lined with fine spines with or without sclerites; ventral valve deeply arcuate. Female. Similar to male, except antenna not pectinate, eyes less bulging, pygidium subvertical, last abdominal sternite not emarginated.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraBruchidaecomb. n.Bruchusatrolineatus Pic, 1921: 15, Bruchidiusatrolineatus : Callosobruchusatrolineatus : Bruchussemiflabellatus Pic, 1931; Acanthoscelidessemiflabellatus : Callosobruchussemiflabellatus : Decellebruchusatrolineatus : Male , intercepted at Pretoria SAAFQIS Plant Quarantine Station, South Africa, Sample Pta. 2811 (1 ex SANC). Caprivi region, 2002, intercepted at Pretoria SAAFQIS Plant Quarantine Station, South Africa (70 ex SANC). AFRICA: Intercepted at USA, 36/XII/2003, reared seed Phaseolus sp. ; Intercepted at Atlanta, USA, 10/IX/2006, reared seed Phaseolusvulgaris L. . DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: N of Shaba Province, 28/III/1980, Whitecomb W.H., in cowpeas . NIGERIA: Intercepted at USA, 2/II/2004, Phaseolus sp. ; Intercepted at USA, 3/II/2004, reared seed Phaseolus sp. . MEXICO: Ocolome, El Fuerte, Sinaloa, 21/I/2013, Lugo G.G.A., reared seed Vignaunguiculata (L.) WALP. .Dolichoslablab L., Glycinemax (L.), Phaseolusvulgaris L. Vignaunguiculata (L.) Walp., Vignaunguiculatasubsp.stenophylla (Harv.) Mar\u00e9chal & Al., Vignaunguiculatasubsp.unguiculata (L.)Walp. (Fabaceae). Lablabniger Medik. and Medicagosativa L. are plant hosts of Decellebruchusatrolineatus, however this information must be corroborated.Algeria, Angola, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Jamaica, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mexico, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, United Kingdom, Yemen, Zanzibar.Decellebruchusatrolineatus has high economic importance, because it is a pest mainly in species in the genus Vigna. It is frequently found together with Callosobruchusmaculatus (F.). Large losses due to this insect are reported frequently in some countries of Africa, where those bruchids are endemic , one paratype same data, except 22/I/1979, 2010 m (MZLU). One paratype: Kingsburg beach, Natal, South Africa, 10/IV/1992, O\u2019Brien C.W., L.B. O\u2019Brien & G. Marshall (CEAM).Holotype male, allotype female and two paratypes: M. Elgon, Male Bruchusfiguratus Walker, 1859: 261 (homonymy); Bruchuswalkeri Pic, 1912: 92 (replacement name), Bruchidiuswalkeri : Spermophagusfiguratus : Male . KENYA: M. Elgon, 24/I/1979, 1950 m, Palm T. . SRI LANKA: Vayiriuttu, 5 mi W Trincomalee, Estern Prov., 9/II/1962, Lund University Ceylon Expedition, sweeping at teak plantation ; Kuda Oya, 15 mi S Wellawaya, Uva Prov., 22/III/1962, Brinck, Andersson & Cederholm ; Yakkala, 18 mi NE Colombo Western Prov., 26/III/1926, Brinck, Andersson & Cederholm, swept on vegetation at ditches in paddy fields .INDIA: Maharashtra, Lonavla, Unknown.India, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Thailand.Bruchidiuswalkeri.There is little information about this species. At this time its host plants are unknown and only a few specimens were available for study; three of which were still named A default tree Fig.  and a coBruchidae and one of the richest in terms of the number of genera was the Acanthoscelidini clade. This cladogram also supports the hypothesis of host preference, for example the species of the clade Pachymerini feed on seeds of the Arecaceae , Megacerini on seeds of the Convolvulaceae, and Acanthoscelidini on seeds of the Fabaceae.In the cladogram in Figure PageBreakPageBreak"}
+{"text": "There is an error in affiliation 1 for authors Yanhu Ge, Feixiang Wu, Liqun Yang, Zhijie Lu, Yuming Sun, and Wei-Feng Yu. Affiliation 1 should be: Department of Anesthesiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hopsital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China."}
+{"text": "AbstractBrachycera\u2019 of Finland is presented. This part of the complete checklist of Finnish Diptera covers the families Acroceridae, Asilidae, Athericidae, Bombyliidae, Mythicomyiidae, Rhagionidae, Scenopinidae, Stratiomyidae, Tabanidae, Therevidae, Xylomyidae and Xylophagidae.A checklist of the \u2018lower  Diptera of Finland covers non-eremoneuran true flies (Diptera: Brachycera). The brachyceran flies excluded from the clade Eremoneura are often called the \u2018lower Brachycera\u2019 due to their basal position in the true fly tree of life. It remains unclear whether this assemblage of families is a monophyletic clade. There are also several models for the relative relationships of the various superfamilies and families. A simple classification scheme following PageBreakchecklist. Only two infraorders, Tabanomorpha and Asilomorpha, are recognized. The presentation order of families follows This part of the checklist of the Stratiomyidae   are very diverse in the tropics but the species diversity decreases sharply towards the higher latitudes. The wood soldier flies (xylomyids) is a small fly family associated with dead wood. The Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica series has a volume on stratiomyoid flies  is quite convoluted and records in older publications must be taken with a grain of salt. Hybomitra and Haematopota before The tabanid nomenclature  are a fly family of obscure origin. Affinities with Nemestrinidae, Tabanoidea, Stratiomyoidea, Bombyliidae and Asilomorpha have been proposed Berisclavipes Berisfuscipes Meigen, 1820Berishauseri Stuke, 2004strobli auct. nec. Du\u0161ek & Rozko\u0161n\u00fd, 1968= Berismorrisii Dale, 1841NEMOTELINAE Kert\u00e9sz, 1912NEMOTELUS Geoffroy, 1762Camptopeltasg.  Williston, 1917Nemotelusnigrinus Fall\u00e9n, 1817Nemotelussg.  Geoffroy, 1762Nemotelusinfortunatus Kahanp\u00e4\u00e4, 2010Nemotelusnotatus Zetterstedt, 1842Nemotelusuliginosus PACHYGASTRINAE Loew, 1856BERKSHIRIA Johnson, 1914Pseudowallacea Kert\u00e9sz, 1921= Berkshiriahungarica albistylum misid.= barovskii misid.= NEOPACHYGASTER Austen, 1901Neopachygastermeromelas orbitalis = ZABRACHIA Coquillett, 1901Zabrachiaminutissima Zabrachiatenella  see NotesSARGINAE Walker, 1834CHLOROMYIA Duncan, 1837Chloromyiaformosa MICROCHRYSA Loew, 1855Microchrysacyaneiventris Microchrysaflavicornis Microchrysapolita PageBreakSARGUS Fabricius, 1798Sarguscuprarius Sargusflavipes Meigen, 1822nigripes Zetterstedt, 1842= splendens auct. nec. Meigen, 1804= Sargusiridatus Sargusrufipes Wahlberg, 1854STRATIOMYINAE Latreille, 1802Oxycerini Enderlein, 1914tribe OXYCERA Meigen, 1803Oxyceracentralis Loew, 1863centralis Frey, 1911 preocc.= freyi Lindner, 1938= Oxyceradives Loew, 1845Oxyceratrilineata Stratiomyini Latreille, 1802tribe ODONTOMYIA Meigen, 1803Odontomyiaangulata Odontomyiaargentata Odontomyiamicroleon OPLODONTHA Rondani, 1863Oplodonthaviridula STRATIOMYS Geoffroy, 1762Stratiomyssingularior furcata Fabricius, 1794= XYLOMYIDAE Verrall, 1901XYLOMYA Rondani, 1861Xylomyaczekanovskii Pleske, 1925interrupta auct. nec. = maculata auct. nec. = Xylophagoidea Fall\u00e9n, 1810superfamily XYLOPHAGIDAE Fall\u00e9n, 1810XYLOPHAGUS Meigen, 1803Erinna Meigen, 1800 suppr.= Xylophagusater Meigen, 1804 see Notescompeditus Wiedemann, 1820= Xylophaguscinctus Xylophagusinermis Krivosheina & Krivosheina, 2000 see Notesmatsumurae misid.= Xylophagusjunki PageBreakXylophaguskowarzi  see Notesater auct. nec. Meigen, 1804= Rhagionoidea Latreille, 1802superfamily RHAGIONIDAE Latreille, 1802RHAGIONINAE Latreille, 1802RHAGIO Fabricius, 1775Rhagioannulatus Rhagiolineola Fabricius, 1794Rhagiomaculatus Rhagionotatus Rhagioscolopaceus Rhagiotringarius CHRYSOPILINAE Bezzi, 1903CHRYSOPILUS Macquart, 1826Chrysopilusauratus cristatus  nom. dubium?= Chrysopilusluteolus Chrysopilusnubecula Chrysopilussuomianus  see Notes? SPANIINAE Rondani, 1856OMPHALOPHORA Becker, 1900Omphalophoraoculata Becker, 1900lapponica Frey, 1911= PTIOLINA Zetterstedt, 1842Ptiolinanigra Zetterstedt, 1842Ptiolinanigrina Wahlgren, 1854 see NotesPtiolinanitida Wahlgren, 1854Ptiolinaobscura SPANIA Meigen, 1830Spanianigra Meigen, 1830SYMPHOROMYIA Frauenfeld, 1867Paraphoromyiasg.  Becker, 1921Symphoromyiacrassicornis ATHERICIDAE Nowicki, 1873ATHERIX Meigen, 1803Atherixibis Tabanoidea Latreille, 1802superfamily TABANIDAE Latreille, 1802PageBreakCHRYSOPSINAE Lutz, 1905Chrysopsini Lutz, 1905tribe CHRYSOPS Meigen, 1803Chrysopssg.  Meigen, 1803Chrysopscaecutiens Chrysopsdivaricatus Loew, 1858Chrysopsnigripes Zetterstedt, 1838lapponicus Loew, 1858= Chrysopsrelictus Meigen, 1820melanopleurus Wahlberg, 1848= Chrysopsrufipes Meigen, 1820Chrysopssepulcralis Chrysopsviduatus pictus Meigen, 1820= TABANINAE Latreille, 1802Haematopotini Enderlein, 1922tribe HAEMATOPOTA Meigen, 1803Haematopotacrassicornis Wahlberg, 1848Haematopotaitalica Meigen, 1804Haematopotapluvialis italica misid.= Haematopotasubcylindrica Pandell\u00e9, 1883 see Notes? HEPTATOMA Meigen, 1803Heptatomapellucens Tabanini Latreille, 1802tribe ATYLOTUS Osten Sacken, 1876Atylotusfulvus Atylotusplebeius Atylotusrusticus Atylotussublunaticornis HYBOMITRA Enderlein, 1922Hybomitraarpadi Hybomitraastuta  see Notespolaris = Hybomitraauripila  see Notesaterrima = Hybomitrabimaculata tropica misid.= solstitialis  see Notes?= Hybomitraborealis lapponicus = Hybomitraciureai schineri Lyneborg, 1959= PageBreakHybomitradistinguenda Hybomitrakaurii Chv\u00e1la & Lyneborg, 1970borealis misid.= Hybomitralundbecki Lyneborg, 1959fulvicornis misid.= Hybomitralurida Hybomitramontana Hybomitramuehlfeldi flaviceps = Hybomitranigricornis Hybomitranitidifrons confinis misid.= Hybomitrasexfasciata borealisanderi Kauri, 1951= Hybomitratarandina Hybomitratropica TABANUS Linnaeus, 1758Tabanusautumnalis Linnaeus, 1761Tabanusbovinus Linnaeus, 1758Tabanusbromius Linnaeus, 1758Tabanuscordiger Meigen, 1820Tabanusmaculicornis Zetterstedt, 1842Tabanussudeticus Zeller, 1842Brachycera Macquart, 1834suborder Orthorrapha Brauer, 1863clade Asiloidea Latreille, 1802superfamily ASILIDAE Latreille, 1802ASILINAE Latreille, 1802ASILUS Linnaeus, 1758Asiluscrabroniformis Linnaeus, 1758DIDYSMACHUS Lehr, 1996Didysmachuspicipes DYSMACHUS Loew, 1860Dysmachustrigonus MACHIMUS Loew, 1849Machimussetibarbis Loew, 1849NEOITAMUS Osten Sacken, 1878PageBreakNeoitamuscothurnatus Neoitamuscyanurus Neoitamussocius NEOMOCHTHERUS Osten Sacken, 1878Neomochtheruspallipes PAMPONERUS Loew, 1849Pamponerusgermanicus PHILONICUS Loew, 1849Philonicusalbiceps RHADIURGUS Loew, 1849Rhadiurgusvariabilis TOLMERUS Loew, 1849Tolmerusatricapillus Tolmeruspyragra LAPHRINAE Macquart, 1838Andrenosomatini Hull, 1962tribe ANDRENOSOMA Rondani, 1856Andrenosomaalbibarbe Laphrini Macquart, 1838tribe CHOERADES Walker, 1851Choeradesfuliginosus Choeradesgilvus Choeradesigneus Choeradeslapponicus Choeradesmarginatus LAPHRIA Meigen, 1803Laphriaflava Laphriagibbosa LEPTOGASTRINAE Schiner, 1862LEPTOGASTER Meigen, 1803Leptogastercylindrica Leptogasterguttiventris Zetterstedt, 1842STENOPOGONINAE Hull, 1962Dioctriini Hendel, 1936tribe DIOCTRIA Meigen, 1803Dioctriaatricapilla Meigen, 1804Dioctriacothurnata Meigen, 1820Dioctriahyalipennis Dioctriaoelandica Dioctriarufipes Stegopogonini Hull, 1962tribe CYRTOPOGON Loew, 1847Cyrtopogonflavimanus PageBreakCyrtopogonlapponicus Cyrtopogonlateralis Cyrtopogonluteicornis luteicornisvar. pollinosus Frey, 1911= Cyrtopogonpulchripes Loew, 1871Stichopogonini Hardy, 1930tribe LASIOPOGON Loew, 1847Lasiopogoncinctus Lasiopogonseptentrionalis Lehr, 1984BOMBYLIIDAE Latreille, 1802PHTHIRIINAE Becker, 1913Phthiriini Becker, 1913tribe PHTHIRIA Meigen, 1803Phthiriapulicaria BOMBYLIINAE Latreille, 1802Bombyliini Latreille, 1802tribe BOMBYLIUS Linnaeus, 1758Bombyliussg.  Linnaeus, 1758Bombyliusdiscolor Mikan, 1796Bombyliusmajor Linnaeus, 1758Bombyliusminor Linnaeus, 1758allibarbis Zetterstedt, 1842= albibarbis emend.= SYSTOECHUS Loew, 1855Systoechusctenopterus sulphureus = Systoechusgradatus ANTHRACINAE Latreille, 1804Anthracini Latreille, 1804tribe ANTHRAX Scopoli, 1763Anthraxanthrax Anthraxtrifasciatus Meigen, 1804leucogaster Wiedemann, 1820= Anthraxvarius Fabricius, 1794Exoprosopini Becker, 1913tribe EXOPROSOPA Macquart, 1840Exoprosopacapucina MICOMITRA Bowden, 1964Micomitrastupida Villini Hull, 1973tribe HEMIPENTHES Loew, 1869Hemipenthesmaura PageBreakHemipenthesmorio THYRIDANTHRAX Osten Sacken, 1886Thyridanthraxfenestratus VILLA Lioy, 1864Villacingulata Villahalteralis  see Notes? Villahottentotta Villamodesta Villaocculta MYTHICOMYIIDAE Melander, 1902GLABELLULINAE Cockerell, 1914GLABELLULA Bezzi, 1902Glabellulaarctica SCENOPINIDAE Burmeister, 1835SCENOPINUS Latreille, 1802Scenopinusfenestralis Scenopinusniger Scenopinus sp. A see Notesvitripennis misid.= THEREVIDAE Newman, 1834THEREVINAE Newman, 1834ACROSATHE Irwin & Lyneborg, 1981Acrosatheannulata DIALINEURA Rondani, 1856Dialineuraanilis DICHOGLENA Irwin & Lyneborg, 1981Dichoglenanigripennis PANDIVIRILIA Irwin & Lyneborg, 1981Pandiviriliaeximia PSILOCEPHALA Zetterstedt, 1838Psilocephalaimberbis SPIRIVERPA Irwin & Lyneborg, 1981Spiriverpalunulata clausa = THEREVA Latreille, 1796Therevacinifera Meigen, 1830subfasciata Schummel, 1830= Therevafuscinervis Zetterstedt, 1838Therevahandlirschi Kr\u00f6ber, 1912praestans Collin, 1948= PageBreakTherevainornata Verrall, 1909Therevalanata Zetterstedt, 1838Therevamicrocephala Loew, 1847Therevanobilitata Therevaplebeja Therevastrigata Therevaunica bipunctata Meigen, 1820= Therevavalida Loew, 1847circumscripta auct. nec. Loew, 1847= Brachycera Macquart, 1834suborder Orthorrapha Brauer, 1863clade Nemestrinoidea Griffith & Pidgeon, 1832? superfamily ACROCERIDAE Leach, 1815ACROCERA Meigen, 1803Paracrocera Mik, 1886= Acrocerasg.  Meigen, 1803Acroceraorbiculus globulus = borealis Zetterstedt, 1838= OGCODES Latreille, 1796Ogcodessg.  Latreille, 1796Ogcodesborealis Cole, 1919 see NotesOgcodesgibbosus Ogcodesnigripes  see NotesOgcodespallipes Latreille in Olivier, 1812Anastoechusnitidulus  labeling mistakeBerisgeniculata Curtis, 1830 misidentifiedCliorismiaardea  not found within present bordersCliorismiarustica  not found within present bordersChoeradesfimbriata  mistakeChoeradesursulus  misidentified see NotesChrysopilussplendidus  mistakeCyrtopogonmaculipennis  labeling mistakePageBreakEpitriptusarthriticus  mistakeMachimusgonatistes  not found within present bordersOdontomyiahydroleon  not found within present bordersPandivirilianigroanalis  misidentifiedPhthiriacanescens Loew, 1846 not found within present bordersTabanusmiki Brauer, 1880 misidentifiedTolmeruscingulatus  mistakeVillafasciata  not found within present borderscircumdata = venusta = Villalongicornis Lyneborg, 1965 not found within present bordersVillapanisca  not found within present borderscircumdata auct. nec. = Xylophagusmatsumurae Miyatake, 1965 misidentifiedChoeradesursulus  is a poorly known taxon. It was synonymized with Choeradesfuliginosus by Choeradesursulus is a dark male of Choeradesfuliginosus.Chrysopilussuomianus . The type locality of this species is Enonteki\u00f6, Finland . Hybomitraauripila . The synonymy of Hybomitraauripila  with Hybomitraaterrima  was established by Hybomitraaterrima as synonym to Hybomitraauripila. Since we consider him to be the first revisor, the name Hybomitraauripila is valid under the current Code.Hybomitrasolstitialis  has long been known to be a problematic taxon. It is separated from Hybomitrabimaculata  based on color characters alone. The examined Finnish material includes a range of intermediates between typical Hybomitrabimaculata and Hybomitrasolstitialis forms. It seems likely that the two names are synonymous, but types should be consulted before synonymy is formally published.Haematopotasubcylindrica Pandell\u00e9, 1883. First recorded from Finland by PageBreakOgcodesborealis Cole, 1919. A single Finnish specimen collected in the mid-19th century is the sole Palearctic record of this species. Originally identified and published by Ogcodesborealis Cole sensuOgcodesnigripes  is probably a senior synonym of Ogcodeszonatus Erichson, 1840.Ptiolinanigrina Wahlgren, 1854 may be a synonym of Ptiolinanigra Zetterstedt, 1842.Scenopinus sp. A is an apparently undescribed species near Scenopinusfenestralis with black femora. It occurs widely in Finland in association with bird nests.Villahalteralis . See Xylophagusater Meigen, 1804. This name has widely been used for two species. Old Finnish checklists . On the British Isles the name Xylophagusater is used as a senior name for Xylophaguscompeditus Wiedemann in Meigen, 1820. According to Xylophagusater is the common species with females easily identified by the three stripes of dusting on the mesonotum.ecklists  followedXylophagusinermis Krivosheina & Krivosheina, 2000 was described as a subspecies of Xylophagusmatsumurae Miyatake, 1965 = maculatus Matsumura, 1916   . It was n, 1804) . All colZabrachiatenella . First recorded from Finland by Zabrachia material and confirmed the presence of both Zabrachiatenella and Zabrachiaminutissima in the country."}
+{"text": "AbstractOestroidea and Hippoboscoidea recorded from Finland is presented. The checklist covers the following families: Calliphoridae, Rhiniidae, Sarcophagidae, Rhinophoridae, Tachinidae, Oestridae and Hippoboscidae.An updated checklist of the superfamilies  Oestroidea is a large and diverse superfamily of flies with a variety of life history strategies ranging from saprophages to parasitoids or endoparasites, sometimes even within the family. Some groups, such as certain subfamilies of the Calliphoridae, have also significant veterinary, medical and economical impact. Oestroidea are regarded as monophyletic clade, however the same does not apply to the family of Calliphoridae within Oestroidea  are sometimes treated as full families.stroidea . BesidesHippoboscoidea contains the louse flies Hippoboscidae as well as the tropical Glossinidae or tsetse flies. Hippoboscidae is divided to the mammal or bird parasitic louse flies (Hippoboscinae) and batflies . Although batflies have been treated as full families, they seem to be subordinate to the other Hippoboscidae Bellardiapandia biseta = Bellardiapubicornis puberula = Bellardiastricta polita auct. nec = Bellardiaviarum pusilla = Bellardiavulgaris agilis  preocc.= CALLIPHORA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Steringomyia Pokorny, 1889= Acrophaga Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891= Abonesia Villeneuve, 1927= Acronesia Hall, 1948= Calliphoragenarum alpina = Calliphoraloewi Enderlein, 1903Calliphorastelviana Calliphorasubalpina Calliphorauralensis Villeneuve, 1922Calliphoravicina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830erythrocephala  preocc.= Calliphoravomitoria CYNOMYA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Cynomyamortuorum ONESIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Onesiafloralis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830CHRYSOMYINAE Shannon, 1923PROTOCALLIPHORA Hough, 1899Protocalliphoraazurea Protocalliphoranuortevai Grunin, 1972Protocalliphorapeusi Gregor & Povolny, 1959Protocalliphoraproxima Grunin, 1966Protocalliphorarognesi Thompson & Pont, 1993chrysorrhoea Meigen, 1826 preocc.= PROTOPHORMIA Townsend, 1908Boreellus Aldrich & Schannon, 1923= Protophormiaatriceps PageBreakProtophormiaterraenovae TRYPOCALLIPHORA Peus, 1960Trypocalliphorabraueri lindneri Peus, 1960= HELICOBOSCINAE Verves, 1980EURYCHAETA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891Helicobosca Bezzi, 1906= Eurychaetapalpalis LUCILIINAE Shannon, 1923LUCILIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Luciliaampullacea Villeneuve, 1922Luciliabufonivora Moniez, 1876Luciliacaesar Luciliaillustris Luciliamagnicornis fuscipalpis = Luciliarichardsi Collin, 1926Luciliasericata Luciliasilvarum MELANOMYINAE Townsend, 1919ANGIONEURA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893Angioneuraacerba MELANOMYA Rondani, 1856Melanomyanana MELINDA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Melindagentilis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830coerulea  preocc.= cognata = Melindaviridicyanea POLLENIINAE Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889MORINIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Moriniadoronici melanoptera = Angioneurafimbriata misid.= POLLENIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Polleniaamentaria vespillo auct. nec = Polleniaangustigena Wainwright, 1940Polleniagriseotomentosa Polleniahungarica Rognes, 1987Pollenialabialis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863excarinata Wainwright, 1940= intermedia misid.= PageBreakPolleniapediculata Macquart, 1834Polleniarudis varia = Polleniavagabunda RHINIIDAE Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889STOMORHINA Rondani, 1861Stomorhinalunata SARCOPHAGIDAE Macquart, 1834MILTOGRAMMINAE Lioy, 1864AMOBIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Amobiaoculata signata misid.= Amobiasignata HILARELLA Rondani, 1856Hilarellahilarella MACRONYCHIA Rondani, 1859Macronichia orig. emend.= Macronychiasg.  Rondani, 1859Macronychiastriginervis Moschusasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Macronychiaagrestis Macronychiagriseola Macronychiapolyodon METOPIA Meigen, 1803Metopiaargentata Macquart 1850roserii Rondani, 1859= stackelbergi Rohdendorf, 1955= Metopiaargyrocephala leucocephala  preocc.= Metopiacampestris Metopiagrandii Venturi, 1953Metopiastaegerii Rondani, 1859rondaniana Venturi, 1953= Metopiatshernovae Rohdendorf, 1955MILTOGRAMMA Meigen, 1803Miltogrammagermari Meigen, 1824Miltogrammaiberica Miltogrammaoestracea Miltogrammapunctata Meigen, 1824Miltogrammavilleneuvei Verves, 1982OEBALIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863PageBreakOebaliacylindrica Oebaliaminuta PHROSINELLA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Phrosinellasannio nasuta misid.= PTERELLA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Pterellagrisea SENOTAINIA Macquart, 1846Senotainiaalbifrons Senotainiaconica Senotainiapuncticornis imberbis  preocc.= crabronum = TAXIGRAMMA Perris, 1852Taxigrammaelegantulum Taxigrammaheteroneurum PARAMACRONYCHIINAE Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889AGRIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Agriaaffinis punctata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830= Agriamamillata ANGIOMETOPA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889Angiometopafalleni Pape, 1986ruralis  preocc.= BRACHICOMA Rondani, 1856Brachicomadevia Brachicomaborealis Ringdahl, 1932SARCOPHAGINAE Macquart, 1834BLAESOXIPHA Loew, 1861Blaesoxiphasg.  Loew, 1861Blaesoxiphalapidosa Pape, 1994agrestis auct. nec = campestris auct. nec = Blaesoxiphalaticornis Blaesoxiphaplumicornis laticornis misid.= gladiatrix = Servaisiasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Blaesoxiphaerythrura RAVINIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Raviniapernix striata  preocc.= SARCOPHAGA Meigen, 1826PageBreakBellieriomimasg.  Rohdendorf, 1937Sarcophagasubulata Pandell\u00e9, 1896Discacheatasg.  Enderlein, 1928Sarcophagapumila Meigen, 1826Helicophagellasg.  Enderlein, 1928Sarcophagacrassimargo Pandell\u00e9, 1896Sarcophagamelanura Meigen, 1826Sarcophagarosellei B\u00f6ttcher, 1912Heteronychiasg.  Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889Sarcophagadepressifrons Zetterstedt, 1845offuscata auct. nec Meigen, 1826= Sarcophagahaemorrhoa Meigen, 1826Sarcophagaproxima Sarcophagavagans frenata Pandell\u00e9, 1896= Sarcophagavicina Liosarcophagasg.  Enderlein, 1928Sarcophagaemdeni teretirostris auct. nec Pandell\u00e9, 1896= Sarcophagaportschinskyi Rohdendorf, 1937tuberosa misid.= Mehriasg.  Enderlein, 1928Sarcophagasexpunctata clathrata = Sarcophaganemoralis Kramer, 1908Myorhinasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Pierretia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863= Sarcophagasocrus Rondani, 1860rostrata Pandell\u00e9, 1896= Sarcophagavilleneuvei B\u00f6ttcher, 1912Pandelleiscasg.  Rohdendorf, 1937Sarcophagasimilis Meade, 1876Parasarcophagasg.  Johnston & Tiegs, 1921Sarcophagaalbiceps Meigen, 1826privigna Rondani, 1860= Robineauellasg.  Enderlein, 1928Sarcophagacaerulescens Zetterstedt, 1838scoparia Pandell\u00e9, 1896= Roselleasg.  Rohdendorf, 1937Sarcophagaaratrix Pandell\u00e9, 1896Sarcophagasg.  Meigen, 1826Sarcophagacarnaria schulzi M\u00fcller, 1922= PageBreaklehmanni auct. nec M\u00fcller, 1922= Sarcophagalehmanni M\u00fcller, 1922lasiostyla auct. nec Macquart, 1843= cognata Rondani, 1860 preocc.= Sarcophagasubvicina Rohdendorf, 1937Sarcophagavariegata carnaria auct. nec = Sarcotachinellasg.  Townsend, 1892Sarcophagasinuata Meigen, 1826Thyrsocnemasg.  Enderlein, 1928Sarcophagaincisilobata Pandell\u00e9, 1896Sarcophagakentejana lapponica = RHINOPHORIDAE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863MELANOPHORA Meigen, 1803Melanophoraroralis PAYKULLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Paykulliabrevicornis Paykulliamaculata STEVENIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Steveniaatramentaria TRICOGENA Rondani, 1856Frauenfeldia Egger, 1865= Tricogenarubricosa TACHINIDAE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830EXORISTINAE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Exoristini Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863tribe EXORISTA Meigen, 1803Adeniasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Exoristamimula Exoristarustica Exorista sp. AExoristasg.  Meigen, 1803Exoristafasciata Exoristalarvarum Podotachinasg.  Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891Exoristagrandis sorbillans auct. nec Wiedemann, 1830= Ptilotachinasg.  Brauer & Bergenstamm 1891Exoristadeligata Pandell\u00e9, 1896CHETOGENA Rondani, 1856PageBreakChetogenatschorsnigi Ziegler, 1999DIPLOSTICHUS Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889Diplostichusjanitrix PHOROCERA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889Phoroceraassimilis Phoroceraobscura PHORINIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Phoriniaaurifrons Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830BESSA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Bessaselecta Blondeliini Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863tribe BELIDA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Aporotachina Meade, 1894= Belidaangelicae MEIGENIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Meigeniadorsalis Meigeniamutabilis bisignata = ZAIRA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Viviania Rondani, 1861= Zairacinerea MEDINA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Medinacollaris Medinaluctuosa Medinaseparata POLICHETA Rondani, 1856Perichaeta preocc.= Polichetaunicolor ISTOCHETA Rondany, 1859Hyperecteina Schiner, 1862= Istochetalongicornis STAUROCHAETA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889Staurochaetaalbocingulata ADMONTIA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889Trichopareia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889= Admontiablanda Admontiagrandicornis Admontiaseria OSWALDIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Oswaldiamuscaria Oswaldiaeggeri Oswaldiareducta Oswaldiaspectabilis PageBreakalbisquama = PARACRASPEDOTHRIX Villeneuve, 1919Paracraspedothrixmontivaga Villeneuve, 1919LIGERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Ligeriaangusticornis zetterstedti = LIGERIELLA Mesnil, 1961Ligeriellaaristata BLONDELIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Blondelianigripes Acemyini Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889tribe ACEMYA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Acemyaacuticornis Acemyarufitibia Ethillini Mesnil, 1944tribe PARATRYPHERA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891Paratrypherabarbatula Paratrypherabisetosa Winthemiini Townsend, 1913tribe RHAPHIOCHAETA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889Rhaphiochaetabreviseta SMIDTIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Timavia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863= Smidtiaamoena Smidtiaconspersa WINTHEMIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Winthemiacruentata Winthemiaerythrura Winthemiaquadripustulata Winthemiavenusta NEMORILLA Rondani, 1856Nemorillafloralis Nemorillamaculosa floralis misid.= Eryciini Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830tribe APLOMYA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Aplomyaconfinis PHEBELLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1846Phebelliaclavellariae Phebelliaglauca Phebelliaglaucoides Herting, 1961Phebelliaglirina Phebelliamargaretae Bergstr\u00f6m, 2005PageBreakPhebellianigripalpis fuscipennis = Phebelliapauciseta Phebelliastrigifrons Phebelliastulta Phebelliatriseta Phebelliavicina Wainwright, 1940Phebelliavillica Phebellia sp. ANILEA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Nileahortulana Nileainnoxia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Nilearufiscutellaris TLEPHUSA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Tlephusacincinna diligens auct. nec = EPICAMPOCERA Macquart, 1849Epicampocerasuccincta PHRYXE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Phryxeerythrostoma Phryxemagnicornis Phryxenemea Phryxevulgaris PERIARCHICLOPS Villeneuve, 1924Periarchiclopsscutellaris BACTROMYIA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891Bactromyiaaurulenta Thecocarceliaacutangula misid.= PSEUDOPERICHAETA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1899Pseudoperichaetanigrolineata LYDELLA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Lydellaripae grisescens misid.= lepida misid.= Lydellastabulans CADURCIELLA Villeneuve, 1927Cadurciellatritaeniata DRINO Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Drinobohemica Mesnil, 1949Drinogalii Drinogilva Drinoinconspicua Drinolota PageBreakDrinovicina HUBNERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1848Huebneria orig. emend.= Hubneriaaffinis CARCELIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Carceliasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Carceliaatricosta Herting, 1961bombylans misid.= Carceliabombylans Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Carceliagnava excavata = Carcelialaxifrons Villeneuve, 1912Carcelialucorum Carceliarasa amphion Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863= Carceliatibialis SENOMETOPIA Macquart, 1834Senometopiaexcisa Senometopiaintermedia Senometopiapollinosa Mesnil, 1941rutilla auct. nec = obesa auct. nec = Senometopiaseparata bombycivora auct. nec = ERYCIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Eryciafatua festinans misid.= Eryciafuribunda XYLOTACHINA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891Xylotachinadiluta Goniini Lioy, 1864tribe PLATYMYA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Platymyafimbriata EUMEA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Platymya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 in part= Eumealinearicornis westermanni = Eumeamitis MYXEXORISTOPS Townsend, 1911Myxexoristopsabietis Herting, 1964Myxexoristopsarctica Myxexoristopsbonsdorffi Myxexoristopsstolida PageBreakblondeli misid.= ZENILLIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Zenilliafulva libatrix  preocc.= CLEMELIS Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Clemelispullata PALES Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Palespavida CYZENIS Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Cyzenisalbicans Cyzenisjucunda BOTRIA Rondani, 1856Bothria orig. emend.= Botriafrontosa Botriasubalpina Villeneuve, 1910CEROMASIA Rondani, 1856Ceromasiarubrifrons ALLOPHOROCERA Hendel, 1901Erycilla Mesnil, 1957= Allophoroceraferruginea Allophoroceralapponica Wood, 1974OCYTATA Gistel, 1848Ocytatapallipes ERYNNIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Erynniaocypterata nitida = ELODIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Elodiaambulatoria convexifrons = STURMIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Sturmiabella BLEPHARIPA Rondani, 1856Blepharipapratensis PROSOPEA Rondani, 1861Prosopeanigricans HEBIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Hebiaflavipes Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830FRONTINA Meigen, 1838Frontinalaeta BRACHICHETA Rondani, 1861Brachichetastrigata GONIA Meigen, 1803Goniacapitata PageBreakGoniadivisa Meigen, 1826Goniaornata Meigen, 1826Goniapicea sicula auct. nec = ONYCHOGONIA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889Onychogoniacervini Onychogoniaflaviceps interrupta = SPALLANZANIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Spallanzaniahebes TACHININAE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Polideini Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889tribe LYDINA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Lydinaaenea LYPHA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Lyphadubia Lypharuficauda Tachinini Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830tribe TACHINA Meigen, 1803Larvaevora Meigen, 1800 suppr.= Eudoromyiasg.  Bezzi, 1906Tachinafera Tachinasp. aff.magnicornisTachinamagnicornis Servilliasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Tachinaursina Tachinasg.  Meigen, 1803Tachinagrossa NOWICKIA Wachtl, 1894Nowickiaalpina Nowickiaferox Nowickiamarklini PELETERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Cuphocera Macquart, 1845= Peleteriaferina Peleteriarubescens Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830nigricornis = Peleteriaruficornis GERMARIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Atractochaeta Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889= Germariaangustata Germariaruficeps Linnaemyini Townsend, 1919tribe PageBreakLINNAEMYA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Linnaemyahaemorrhoidalis Linnaemyaolsufjevi Zimin, 1954haemorrhoidalis misid.= Linnaemyarossica Zimin, 1954haemorrhoidalis misid.= Linnaemyavulpina Linnaemya sp. ACHRYSOSOMOPSIS Townsend, 1916Chrysosomopsisaurata PANZERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Ernestia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830= Panzeriapuparum Panzeriarudis Panzeriavagans APPENDICIA Stein, 1924Appendiciatruncata EURITHIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1844Eurithiaanthophila radicum auct. nec Linnaeus, 1758= Eurithiacaesia Eurithiaconnivens Eurithiaconsobrina Eurithiaintermedia conjugata = Eurithiavivida HYALURGUS Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893Hyalurguscrucigerus Hyalurguslucidus NEMORAEA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Nemoraeapellucida GYMNOCHETA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Gymnochetamagna Gymnochetaviridis ZOPHOMYIA Macquart, 1835Zophomyiatemula CLEONICE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Steiniella Berg, 1898 preocc.= Cleonicecallida Cleoniceketeli Ziegler, 2000Cleonicenitidiuscula LOEWIA Egger, 1856Fortisia Rondani, 1861= PageBreakLoewiaerecta Bergstr\u00f6m, 2007phaeoptera misid.= Loewiafoeda ELOCERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Eloceriadelecta Brachymerini Mesnil, 1939tribe PSEUDOPACHYSTYLUM Mik, 1891Pseudopachystylumgonioides Pelatachinini Mesnil, 1966tribe PELATACHINA Meade, 1894Pelatachinatibialis Macquartiini Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830tribe MACQUARTIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Macquartiadispar Macquartianudigena Mesnil, 1972buccalis auct. nec Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830= Macquartiatenebricosa Macquartiaviridana Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863ANTHOMYIOPSIS Townsend, 1916Ptilopsina Villeneuve, 1920= Anthomyiopsisnigrisquamata Triarthriini Belshaw, 1993tribe TRIARTHRIA Stephens, 1829Triarthriasetipennis Neaerini Mesnil, 1966tribe PHYTOMYPTERA Rondani, 1845Elfia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1850= Phytomypterabohemica Kramer, 1907Phytomypteracingulata Phytomypteranigrina Phytomypteraminutissima Phytomypterariedeli Phytomypterazonella GRAPHOGASTER Rondani, 1868Anurogyna Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889= Graphogasterbrunnescens Villeneuve, 1907Graphogasterbuccata Herting, 1971Graphogasterdispar punctiventris = Graphogasternigrescens Herting, 1971Siphonini Rondani, 1844tribe ENTOMOPHAGA Lioy, 1864Entomophaganigrohalterata PageBreakEntomophagasufferta CEROMYA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Ceromyabicolor Ceromyadorsigera Herting, 1967Ceromyaflaviceps Ratzeburg, 1844Ceromyasilacea ACTIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Actiacrassicornis Actiainfantula Actialamia Actiamaksymovi Mesnil, 1952Actianigroscutellata Lundbeck, 1927Actiapilipennis Actiaresinellae nudibasis Stein, 1924= PERIBAEA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Peribaeahertingi Andersen, 1996fissicornis misid.= Peribaealongirostris Andersen, 1996CERANTHIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Ceranthiaabdominalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Ceranthialichtwardtiana Ceranthiapallida Herting, 1959Ceranthiatenuipalpis Ceranthiatristella Herting, 1966Ceranthiaverneri Andersen, 1996APHANTORHAPHOPSIS Townsend, 1926Aphantorhaphopsissamarensis Aphantorhaphopsissiphonoides Aphantorhaphopsisverralli SIPHONA Meigen, 1803Siphonaboreata Mesnil, 1960Siphonacollini Mesnil, 1960Siphonaconfusa Mesnil, 1961mesnili Andersen, 1982= Siphonacristata geniculata auct. nec = Siphonaflavifrons Siphonageniculata urbana = Siphonagrandistyla Pandell\u00e9, 1894Siphonaimmaculata Andersen, 1996Siphonaingerae Andersen, 1982PageBreakSiphonahokkaidensis Mesnil, 1957silvarum Herting, 1967= martini Andersen, 1982= Siphonamaculata Siphonanigricans Siphonapaludosa Mesnil, 1960Siphonapauciseta Rondani, 1865Siphonarossica Mesnil, 1961Siphonasetosa Mesnil, 1960Siphonasubarctica Andersen, 1996Siphonavariata Andersen, 1982Leskiini Townsend, 1919tribe APHRIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Aphrialongilingua Rondani, 1861Aphrialongirostris DEMOTICUS Macquart, 1854Demoticusplebejus LESKIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Leskiaaurea SOLIERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1848Solieriainanis Solieriapacifica tibialis = Minthonini Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889tribe MINTHO Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Minthorufiventris MINTHODES Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1899Minthodespicta Microphthalmini Crosskey, 1976tribe DEXIOSOMA Rondani, 1856Dexiosomacaninum DEXIINAE Macquart, 1834Dexiini Macquart, 1834tribe TRIXA Meigen, 1824Murana Meigen, 1824= Trixacaerulescens Meigen, 1824alpina Meigen, 1824= Trixaconspersa variegata Meigen, 1824= oestroidea = BILLAEA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Billaeairrorata Billaeakolomyetzi Mesnil, 1970PageBreakBillaeatriangulifera DINERA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Dineraferina Dineragrisescens Dineracarinifrons ESTHERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Estheriapetiolata DEXIA Meigen, 1826Dexiavacua PROSENA Le Peletier & Serville, 1828Prosenasiberita Voriini Townsend, 1912tribe ERIOTHRIX Meigen, 1803Eriothrixargyreatus apenninus misid.= Eriothrixprolixa Eriothrixrufomaculata monochaeta = TRAFOIA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893Trafoiamonticola Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893CAMPYLOCHETA Rondani, 1859Elpe Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863= Campylochetafuscinervis Campylochetainepta Campylochetapraecox BLEPHAROMYIA Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889Blepharomyiaangustifrons Herting, 1971Blepharomyiapagana amplicornis = Blepharomyiapiliceps PETEINA Meigen, 1838Peteinaerinaceus RAMONDA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Ramondaprunaria carbonaria misid.= Ramondaringdahli Ramondaspathulata WAGNERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Wagneriaalpina Wagneriacostata ATHRYCIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Blepharigena Rondani, 1856= Athryciacurvinervis PageBreakAthryciaimpressa Athryciatrepida Athrycia sp. AVORIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Plagia Meigen, 1838= Voriaruralis CYRTOPHLEBA Rondani, 1856Cyrtophlebaruricola Cyrtophlebavernalis KLUGIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Klugiamarginata CHAETOVORIA Villeneuve, 1920Chaetovoriaantennata Villeneuve, 1920PHYLLOMYA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Phyllomyavolvulus THELAIRA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Thelairanigrina nigripes  preocc.= HALIDAYA Egger, 1856Halidayaaurea Egger, 1856STOMINA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Stominatachinoides Dufouriini Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830tribe DUFOURIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Dufouriachalybeata Dufourianigrita RONDANIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1850Rondaniadimidiata Rondaniadispar Rondaniafasciata MICROSOMA Macquart, 1855Campogaster Rondani, 1856= Microsomaexiguum FRERAEA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Freraeagagatea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830albipennis = PHASIINAE Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Phasiini Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830tribe CLYTIOMYA Rondani, 1861Clytiomyacontinua ELIOZETA Rondani, 1856Eliozetapellucens SUBCLYTIA Pandell\u00e9, 1894PageBreakSubclytiarotundiventris GYMNOSOMA Meigen, 1803Gymnosomaclavatum Gymnosomadolycoridis Dupuis, 1961Gymnosomanudifrons Herting, 1966CISTOGASTER Latreille, 1804Pallasia Robinaeu-Desvoidy, 1830= Cistogasterglobosa PHASIA Latreille, 1804Alophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830= Hyalomyasg.  Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Phasiapusilla Phasiasg.  Latreille, 1804Phasiaaurulans Phasiabarbifrons Phasiahemiptera Phasiaobesa Phasiasubcoleoptrata Catharosiini Townsend, 1936tribe CATHAROSIA Rondani, 1868Catharosiapygmaea Strongygastrini Townsend, 1936tribe STRONGYGASTER Macquart, 1834Tamiclea Macquart, 1836= Strongygasterceler Leucostomatini Townsend, 1908tribe LEUCOSTOMA Meigen, 1803Leucostomasimplex BRULLAEA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863Brullaeaocypteroidea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863CINOCHIRA Zetterstedt, 1845Cinochiraatra Zetterstedt, 1945Cylindromyiini Townsend, 1912tribe LOPHOSIA Meigen, 1824Lophosiasg.  Meigen, 1824Lophosiafasciata Meigen, 1824CYLINDROMYIA Meigen, 1803Cylindromyiasg.  Meigen, 1803Cylindromyiabrassicaria Neocypterasg.  Townsend, 1916Cylindromyiainterrupta Ocypterulasg.  Rondani, 1856Cylindromyiapusilla PageBreakHEMYDA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Hemydaobscuripennis Hemydavittata BESSERIA Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830Besseriaanthophila Besseriamelanura PHANIA Meigen, 1824Phaniacurvicauda Phaniafunesta pseudofunesta = Phaniathoracica Meigen, 1824OESTRIDAE Leach, 1815HYPODERMATINAE Rondani, 1856HYPODERMA Latreille, 1818Hypodermabovis Hypodermalineatum Hypodermatarandi CEPHENEMYIINAE Patton, 1921Cephenemyiini Patton, 1921tribe CEPHENEMYIA Latreille, 1818Cephenemyiatrompe Cephenemyiaulrichii Brauer, 1862GASTEROPHILINAE Girschner, 1896GASTEROPHILUS Leach, 1817Gasterophilushaemorrhoidalis Gasterophilusintestinalis Gasterophilusnasalis Brachycera Macquart, 1834suborder Eremoneura Lameere, 1906clade Cyclorrhapha Brauer, 1863clade Schizophora Becher, 1882infraorder Muscaria Enderlein, 1936clade Calyptratae Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830parvorder Hippoboscoidea Samouelle, 1819superfamily HIPPOBOSCIDAE Samouelle, 1819HIPPOBOSCINAE Samouelle, 1819Ornithomyini Costa, 1846tribe PageBreakCRATAERINA von Olfers, 1816Stenepteryx Leach, 1817= Crataerinahirundinis Crataerinapallida Olfersiini Maa, 1969tribe OLFERSIA Wiedemann, 1830Feronia Leach, 1817 preocc.= Olfersiafumipennis ORNITHOMYA Latreille, 1802Ornithomyaavicularia Ornithomyachloropus Bergroth, 1901Ornithomyafringillina Curtis, 1836ORNITHOPHILA Rondani, 1879Ornithophilametallica Hippoboscini Samouelle, 1819tribe HIPPOBOSCA Linnaeus, 1758Hippoboscaequina Linnaeus, 1758Lipoptenini Speiser, 1908tribe LIPOPTENA Nitzsch, 1818Lipoptenacervi MELOPHAGUS Latreille, 1802Melophagusovinus NYCTERIBIINAE Samouelle, 1819Nycteribiini Samouelle, 1819tribe NYCTERIBIA Latreille, 1796Nycteribiasg.  Latreille, 1796Nycteribiakolenatii Theodor & Moscona, 1954pedicularia auct. nec Latreille, 1805= latreillei misid.= blasii  preocc.= PENICILLIDIA Kolenati, 1863Penicillidiamonoceros Speiser, 1900Aphantorhaphopsis (Ceranthia) selecta  misidentifiedBaumhaueriagoniaeformis  misidentifiedBithiageniculata  see NotesBlepharipodascutellata  misidentifiedBlondeliapiniariae . Specimens reared from the correct host are mentioned in the notes of Lauri Tiensuu. See PageBreakBillaeafortis  a likely misidentification, the specimen cannot be locatedDexiarustica  misidentifiedDrinoatropivora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 not found within present bordersEntomophagaexoleta  misidentifiedGraphogastervestita Rondani, 1868 misidentifiedGymnosomarotundatum  misidentifiedIstochetasubcinerea  misidentifiedLeiophorainnoxia  specimen lost, but likely a misidentification due to the host record (Diprion sp. Symphyta: Diprionidae)Linnaemyacomta  misidentifiedLydellagrisescens Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 misidentifiedMacronychiaalpestris Rondani, 1865 labeling mistakeMacronychiaconica Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 labeling mistakeMacroprosopaatrata  misidentifiedMasicerasilvatica  misidentifiedOestrusovis Linnaeus, 1758 extinct?Opesiacana  not found within present bordersPseudogoniarufifrons  importedPseudoperichaetapalesoidea  misidentifiedSarcophagaagnata Rondani, 1860 misidentifiedSarcophagadissimilis Meigen, 1826 misidentifiedSarcophagagranulata Kramer, 1908Sarcophilalatifrons  not found within present bordersSenometopiaconfundens Rondani, 1859 misidentifiedThelymorphamarmorata , record cannot be confirmed \u2013 specimen lost?Athrycia sp. A. Probably an undescribed species Bithiageniculata . Erroneously included in the previous checklist .hecklist , 1981 onDexiavacua  and Dineracarinifrons . Conspiguous large species with many historical records, however they have not been seen for decades in Finland (last record for Dineracarinifrons from 1945). While the species have certainly become rarer, their complete extinction cannot be confirmed due to the regional paucity of recording. For example, Linnaemyarossica Zimin, 1954 was similarly missing for 50 years until rediscovered in 2013 from Lieksa, eastern Finland.Exorista sp. A. Probably an undescribed species, near to Exoristatubulosa Herting, 1967 Linnaemya sp. A. An undescribed species . A highly unusual, shiny black Linneamya species from Lapland.PageBreakNemorillafloralis . Nemorillamaculosa  has been mixed with this species on Hackman\u00b4s (1980) list. True floralis was found new to Finland in 2011 from Loviisa (J. Flinck leg.).Phebellia sp. A. Probably an undescribed species Stomorhinalunata . Recorded once from the University Botanical Gardens in Helsinki (2 exx). It is quite possible that the flies were imported to Finland, but the species is also a known vagrant and the possibility of natural dispersal cannot be excluded.Tachinasp. aff.magnicornis. Close to the real Tachinamagnicornis of Zetterstedt. The proper name of this species still under investigation, but may be Tachinatetramera . It is common and widespread in Finland. Some records have been confirmed by the DNA barcoding project ( project . See Tsc"}
+{"text": "Although plausible pathophysiological mechanisms link air pollution to arrhythmogenesis, among them altered autonomic tone, repolarization abnormalities, oxidative stress, myocardial ischemia, and increased intracardiac pressure , definitFirst, several meteorological elements, including air temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative air moisture, and wind speed and direction, also are implicated in triggering ventricular , 2005 anSecond, these same meteorological elements substantially influence concentrations of sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and suspended particulate matter . In addiAir pollution may increase human vulnerability to the effects of temperature, and temperature extremes, in turn, influence population vulnerability to air pollution . Vanos eFinally, strong mutual interrelations exist among the above-mentioned meteorological elements."}
+{"text": "There is an error in affiliation 2 for authors Xin-chang Zhang, Wen-tao Xu, Wen-zhen Hou, Ying-ying Cheng, and Guang-xia Ni. Affiliation 2 should be: The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China."}
+{"text": "Geomicrobium sediminis, were isolated from aquatic samples, and their draft genome sequences were determined. The genome information of these four strains will be useful for studies of their physiology and ecology.Haloalkaliphilic strains JCM 19037, JCM 19038, JCM 19039, and JCM 19055, closely related to  Geomicrobium comprises Gram-positive, moderately haloalkaliphilic, non-spore-forming, motile or nonmotile bacteria  and are available as JCM 19037, JCM 19038, JCM 19039, and JCM 19055, respectively.The recently proposed genus bacteria , 2. Onlyrom soil , and Geoeviously . Strains sources . Strain  sources . These fGeomicrobium sp. strains JCM 19037, JCM 19038, JCM 19039, and JCM 19055 were sequenced using an Ion Torrent PGM System. The sequence reads of 387,337 for JCM 19037, 465,043 for JCM 19038, 435,174 for JCM 19039, and 431,208 for JCM 19055 were assembled using Newbler version 2.8 (Roche) into 75, 37, 57, and 48 contigs with N50 lengths of 86,630, 210,912, 137,361, and 144,705\u00a0bp, respectively. These assemblies resulted in draft genome sequences of 4,093,558\u00a0bp for JCM 19037, 3,872,620\u00a0bp for JCM 19038, 4,170,367\u00a0bp for JCM 19039, and 4,096,854\u00a0bp for JCM 19055, with 19\u00d7, 24\u00d7, 21\u00d7, and 21\u00d7 redundancies and G+C contents of 44.3, 41.8, 44.2, and 41.5%, respectively. A total of 4,862, 4,251, 4,671, and 4,973 protein-coding genes and 58, 52, 59, and 60 RNA-encoding sequences for JCM 19037, JCM 19038, JCM 19039, and JCM 19055, respectively, were identified using the RAST server . Preliminary analyses of the genome sequences revealed the presence of genes relating to multi-subunit cation antiporter of alkaliphiles and ectoine biosynthesis of halophiles in each strain. Surprisingly, these four strains possessed a number of genes relating to dormancy and sporulation, although the genus Geomicrobium comprises non-spore-forming bacteria (Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strains JCM 19037, JCM 19038, JCM 19039, and JCM 19055 were most closely related to the type strain of bacteria . The genGeomicrobium sp. strains JCM 19037, JCM 19038, JCM 19039, and JCM 19055 have been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank database under the accession no. BAWZ01000001 to BAWZ01000075, BAXA01000001 to BAXA01000037, BAXB01000001 to BAXB01000057, and BAXL01000001 to BAXL01000048, respectively.The genome sequences of"}
+{"text": "Pharmaceutics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015.The editors of We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. In addition, MDPI has launched a collaboration with Publons, a website that seeks to publicly acknowledge reviewers on a per journal basis. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make.Afadzi, MercyJensen, SvendPerez, Juan J.Agarwal, SaurabhJuang, Yi-JeP\u00e9rol, MauriceAnadon, ArturoJung, HyungilPichon, ChantalAoyagi, TakaoKan, Chi-WaiPopat, AmiraliBertin, AnnabelleKang, LifengPrajapati, HetalBetbeder, DidierKast, RichardRades, ThomasBettencourt, Ana F.Kathuria, HimanshuRavegnini, GloriaBruschi, MarcosKelly, Edward J.Reisman, Scott A.Bu\u010dar, Dejan-Kre\u0161imirKennaway, David JohnSaha, SunandanBumcrot, DavidKulozik, UlrichSanders, NiekButi, SebastianoLam, Jenny K.W.Shacham-Diamand, YossiCaramela, CarlaLee, Bruce P.Shah, Dhaval A.Chaturvedi, MayankLeherte, LaurenceSharan, SatishCheadle, EleanorLin, Tsung-HungShi, LingyanChen, Wen-ShiangManda, PrashantShusta, Eric V.Chen, LiMandal, Bivash\u0160kalko-Basnet, Nata\u0161aChen, YunchingMansour, Heidi M.Song, ChangsikChougule, Mahavir B.Mantle, Michael D.Stieger, BrunoChu, DafengMiki, NorihisaSubramaniam, PrasadDeckers, RoelMiller, DonaldTahara, KoheiDemir, Yusuf K.Murthy, S. NarasimhaTamai, IkumiDomb, Abraham J.Narayan, Roger JagdishTh\u00f6ny, BeatEng-King, TanNeubert, Reinhard H.H.Vadlapudi, Aswani DuttGrossman, StuartNg, KengV\u00e1vrov\u00e1, Kate\u0159inaHanada, SanshiroO\u2019Reilly, Meaghan A.Vazquez, PatriciaHeirman, CarloOesterreicher, ChristophWaldmeier, FelixHerrero, Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9Parpura, VladimirWiffen, Philip J.Hickerson, RobynPatel, SarsvatZhang, LiIta, KevinPaul, DennisZiogas, DimosthenisJaffr\u00e8s, Paul-AlainPaulmurugan, RamasamyZuhorn, Inge S.Jayant, Rahul DevPedraz, Jos\u00e9 Luis"}
+{"text": "There is an error in affiliation 1 for authors Yuan Sun, Fan Xu, Ting Zhang, Manli Liu, Danyang Wang, Yile Chen, and Quan Liu. Affiliation 1 should be: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China."}
+{"text": "Posidonia oceanica cadmium induces changes in DNA methylation and chromatin patterningIn Maria Greco, Adriana Chiappetta, Leonardo Bruno and Maria Beatrice BitontJournal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 63, No. 2, pp. 695\u2013709, 2012, doi:10.1093/jxb/err313In the above paper"}
+{"text": "AbstractStrongylium liangisp. n. (CHINA: Yunnan). Also, some new distribution data is provided for S. claudum , and a distribution map of all Strongylium species in the checklist is presented.A checklist of 29 brachypterous species in the tenebrionid tribe Stenochiini is given for China and neighboring countries. A new species is described and illustrated under the name of  Stenochiini, including 14 species/subspecies in four genera, were revised by Strongylium from Yunnan, China is described, Strongylium liangi sp. n. The checklist of the brachypterous species of the tribe Stenochiini from China and neighboring countries is updated and a distribution map of the Strongylium species is provided, including new distribution data for Strongylium claudum .The East Asian brachypterous species of the tenebrionid tribe Strongylium liangi sp. n. is deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (IZCAS). All other materials are in the Museum of Hebei University, Baoding, China (MHBU).Specimens were examined and illustrated under a Nikon (SMZ800) dissecting microscope (equipped with a camera lucida), illustrations were processed using the software (CorelDRAW X3). Measurements were taken using a Leica (M205 A) dissecting microscope. Habitus photographs were taken with a Nikon (D 300S) camera. The distribution data in The following measurements are used in the text, with all measurements in millimeters: body length: length of the body from the anterior edge of the clypeus to elytral apex; body width: length of the maximal elytral width; pronotal length: length of the pronotum along the midline; pronotal width: maximum width of the pronotum; elytral length: length of the elytra from the base of the scutellum to the elytral apex along the suture.http://zoobank.org/A0C3D887-33D1-46F5-8123-CD3CA1901276http://species-id.net/wiki/Strongylium_liangiHolotype male: China, Yunnan, Lushui county, Pianma town, Yakou, 19.v.2005, Hong-Bin Liang leg. (IZCAS).Strongylium tanakai Ando, 2003, from Japan because their humeri are more developed than other brachypterous species of Strongylium, such as Strongylium claudum http://species-id.net/wiki/Strongylium_claudumCrossoscelis clauda Gebien, 1914: 53Strongylium claudum : Masumoto, 1999: 121.PageBreak1\u2642, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Xiaoguanshan, 10.xii.1996, Wen-Yi Zhou leg.; 1\u2642, 1\u2640, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, Tengzhi, 1.xi.2008, Chang-Qing Chen leg.; 1\u2642, Taiwan, Pingtung, Erjituan, 5.iv.1997, Wen-Yi Zhou leg.; 1\u2640, Taiwan, Nantou, Ren\u2019ai, qingjing, 1890 m, 7.v.1996, Wen-Yi Zhou leg.; 1\u2640, Taiwan, Taipei, Sanxia town, 24.v.1994, Wen-Yi Zhou leg.China: Taiwan.Yuan & Ren, 2006http://species-id.net/wiki/Strongylium_wuyishanenseStrongylium wuyishanense Yuan & Ren, 2006: 852.Holotype: 1\u2642 (MHBU), China, Fujian, Mt. Wuyi, Huanggangshan, 21.v.2004, Cai-Xia Yuan & Jing Li leg.China: Fujian.PageBreakEucrossoscelis Nakane, 1963 Eucrossoscelis araneiformis , Japan ,  Saitostrongylium acco Masumoto, 1996: 34, Vietnam (Lai Chau)(6) Stenochinus Motschulsky, 1860 Stenochinus akiyamai Masumoto, Akita & Lee, 2013: 266, China (Taiwan)(7) Stenochinus amplus , China (Taiwan) [Originally in Dicraeosis](8) Stenochinus bacillus , Japan , Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Okinoshima Is., Kochi Pref. and Ysushima Is.) [Originally in Dicraeosis](9) Stenochinus datangla , Vietnam (Lam Dong) [Originally in Dicraeosis](10) Stenochinus furcifer , China (Taiwan) [Originally in Dicraeosis](11) Stenochinus mysticus Masumoto, Akita & Lee, 2013: 268, China (Taiwan)(12) Stenochinus unicornis , China (Taiwan) [Originally in Dicraeosis](13) Strongylium Kirby, 1819 Strongylium becvarianum Masumoto, 1999: 119, Thailand (Mae Hong Son)(14) Strongylium claudum , China (Taiwan) [Originally in Crossoscelis](15) Strongylium habashanense habashanense Masumoto, 1999: 114, China (Yunnan)(16) Strongylium habashanense lijiangense Masumoto, 1999: 115, China (Yunnan)(17) Strongylium jizushanense Masumoto, 1999: 116, China (Yunnan)(18) Strongylium liangi sp. n., China (Yunnan)(19) Strongylium marseuli marseuli Lewis, 1894: 481, Japan , SW Honshu, Oki Is., Kyushu, Tsushima, Hirado-jima, Got\u00f4 Islands, Koshiki-jima Is., Tanegashima, \u00d4sumi-kuroshima, Yakushima),  Uenomisolampidius shunichii Masumoto, 1996: 36, Vietnam (Ha Tay)(26) Uenostrongylium Masumoto, 1999 Uenostrongylium becvari Masumoto, 2006: 70, China (Guizhou)(27) Uenostrongylium hunanense Masumoto, 2006: 72, China (Hunan)(28) Uenostrongylium laosensis , Laos , Vietnam(29)"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports5: Article number: 1559110.1038/srep15591; published online: 10222015; updated: 01072016.In this Article, Mark Arick II and B. Lynn Escalon are incorrectly listed as being affiliated with \u2018Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA\u2019 and \u2018EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence, France\u2019 respectively. The correct affiliations are listed below:Mark Arick IIInstitute for Genomics, Biocomputing & Biotechnology (IGBB), Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, USAB. Lynn EscalonEnvironmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA"}
+{"text": "The TENDER clinical trial is a three-part, 5-year, phase 3 study with tocilizumab (TCZ) in active systemic JIA (sjia). After 2 years of treatments, sjia patients who have maintained clinically inactive disease for 3 months are given the option to participate in an alternative TCZ dosing regimen aimed at spacing the infusions and eventually withdrawing TCZ.To describe the patients registered to participate in the optional alternative dosing schedule in the TENDER study.To qualify for the optional alternative dosing schedule (OADS), patients had to be in the study for 2 years and have achieved ACR JIA inactive disease status. Among the 112 patients (pts) enrolled, 39 (35%) entered the optional alternative dosing regimen. This entailed a staged prolongation of the time interval between TCZ infusions from 2 weeks  to 3 weeks, then 4 weeks, with the option of terminating TCZ after the discontinuation of any treatment.23 male and 16 female patients entered the OADS. Their mean baseline characteristics were 14.2 active joints, 15.4 joints with limitation of motion (LOM), physician global VAS score of 58.5, CHAQ-DI score of 1.62 and ESR of 56.8; 15 had fever. Of these 39 patients, 13 patients lost clinically inactive disease status while on the OADS. In these 13 patients, the time to loss of inactive disease status ranged from 1.4 to 16.8 months from initiation of the OADS . Risk of losing inactive disease status on OADS was similar in patients treated with MTX  and in those not receiving MTX . Inactive disease status was maintained in 26 of the 39 patients entering the OADS. Present dosing intervals were every 3 weeks in 3 pts and every 4 weeks in 14 pts; 9 pts have been able to discontinue TCZ (range of time since discontinuation: 3.6-13.4 months). At baseline, these 9 pts were clinically similar to other pts entering the OADS .Patients with sjia who maintain clinically inactive disease status can progressively space TCZ infusions, with one-fourth of them able to discontinue all treatments, including TCZ.F. De Benedetti Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, Pfizer, BMS, Roche, Novimmune, Novartis, SOBI, N. Ruperto Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, merckserono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, merckserono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, Boehringer, BMS, Novartis, Astellas, Italfarmaco, medimmune, Pfizer, Roche, H. I. Brunner Consultant for: Novartis, Genentech, medimmune, EMD Serono, AMS, Pfizer, UCB, Janssen, Speakers Bureau: Genentech, A. Grom Grant/Research Support from: Roche, Consultant for: Novartis, N. Wulffraat Grant/Research Support from: Novartis, Roche, Pfizer, abbvie, Consultant for: Novartis, Roche, Pfizer, M. Henrickson: None declared., R. Jerath: None declared., Y. Kimura: None declared., A. K. Kadva Employee of: Genentech, J. Wang Employee of: Roche, A. Martini Grant/Research Support from: Abbott, astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, merckserono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott, astrazeneca, BMS, Centocor, Lilly, Francesco Angelini, GSK, Italfarmaco, merckserono, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Schwarz Biosciences, Xoma, Wyeth, Speakers Bureau: Abbott, Boehringer, BMS, Novartis, Astellas, Italfarmaco, medimmune, Pfizer, Roche, D. Lovell Grant/Research Support from: NIH, Consultant for: astrazeneca, Centocor, Janssen, Wyeth, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Abbott, Pfizer, Regeneron, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Genentech, Speakers Bureau: Roche, Genentech."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 2329710.1038/srep23297; published online: 03222016; updated: 05312016In this Article, Roberto Di Leonardo is incorrectly affiliated with \u2018CNR-IMIP, UOS Roma, Dipartimento di Fisica Universit\u00e0 Sapienza, I-00185, Roma, Italy\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below:NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, Roma, Italy."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because KM, MS, NS, HuR, TAY, AW, MH, MBA, MWY, and SF did not agree with the retraction. MA and TAA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-17421-7, published online 28 July 2022Correction to: In the original version of this Article Xiaoqing Jia was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.\u2019 The correct affiliation is listed below.Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-17171-6, published online 28 July 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Daisuke Moriguchi, Shoichi Ishigaki, Xiaoyu Lin, Kotaro Kuyama, Yukiko Koishi, Ryota Takaoka, Peter Svensson and Hirofumi Yatani, which were incorrectly given as Moriguchi Daisuke, Ishigaki Shoichi, Lin Xiaoyu, Kuyama Kotaro, Koishi Yukiko, Takaoka Ryota, Svensson Peter and Yatani Hirofumi.Furthermore, an incorrect email address for corresponding author Daisuke Moriguchi was quoted. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to moriguchi.daisuke.dent@osaka-u.ac.jp.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Amrita Banerjee, Parijat Majumder, Sulagna Sanyal, Jasdeep Singh, Kuladip Jana, Chandrima Das, Dipak DasguptaThe original article  containe"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/srep09663, published online 12 June 2015Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Franco Nori is incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, Missouri, 63130, St. Louis, U.S.A.\u2019 The correct affiliations are listed below.CEMS, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, JapanPhysics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109\u20131040, U.S.A."}
+{"text": "In the original version of the article, the order of name and surnames of authors has been inverted.The correct order should be.Rosa Lombardi, Vincenzo La Mura, Annalisa Cespiati, Federica Iuculano, Giordano Sigon, Giada Pallini, Marco Proietti, Irene Motta, Beatrice Montinaro, Elisa Fiorelli, Matteo Cesari, Alessandra Bandera, Luca Valenti, Flora Peyvandi, Nicola Montano, Marina Baldini, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani.The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because ASher, SUA, ASattar, MI, AM, AQ, and ATKZ did not agree with the retraction. MYA, ON, and KG either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Correction: BMC Plant Biol 22, 619 (2022)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-04022-9Following the publication of the original article , author There was strong evidence that Tibetan barley, barley, wheat, and jujube were introduced into China before the existence of the Land Silk Road; and mustard, lettuce, buckwheat, chickpea, alfalfa, walnut, cauliflower, grape, spinach, apple, cucumber, mulberry, and pea spread to China via trade and human migration along the Land Silk Road.Tibetan barley, barley, wheat, and jujube were introduced into China before the Silk Road; while mustard, lettuce, buckwheat, chickpea, alfalfa, walnut, cauliflower, grape, spinach, apple, cucumber, mulberry, and pea were introduced into China with trade and human migration along the Silk Road.The incorrect lines in the Conclusion part of the Abstract section and in the paragraph 2 part of the Conclusion section are:There was strong evidence that Tibetan barley, barley, wheat, and jujube were spread before the existence of the Land Silk Road; and mustard, lettuce, buckwheat, chickpea, alfalfa, walnut, cauliflower, grape, spinach, apple, cucumber, mulberry, and pea were spread via trade and human migration along the Land Silk Road.Tibetan barley, barley, wheat, and jujube were spread before the Silk Road; while mustard, lettuce, buckwheat, chickpea, alfalfa, walnut, cauliflower, grape, spinach, apple, cucumber, mulberry, and pea were spread with trade and human migration along the Silk Road.The correct lines are:Moreover, another error was spotted in the body of the article. The line \u2018whereas alfalfa, walnut, spinach, grape, pea, apple, cauliflower, mulberry, and cucumber are introduced into China with trade and human migration along the Silk Road.\u2019 should be corrected to \u2018whereas alfalfa, walnut, spinach, grape, pea, apple, cauliflower, mulberry, and cucumber are spread with trade and human migration along the Silk Road.\u2019The original article  has been"}
+{"text": "Brain Communications, Volume 3, Issue 4, 2021, fcab248, https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcab248This is a correction to: Iahn Cajigas, Kevin C. Davis, Benyamin Meschede-Krasa, Noeline W. Prins, Sebastian Gallo, Jasim Ahmad Naeem, Anne Palermo, Audrey Wilson, Santiago Guerra, Brandon A. Parks, Lauren Zimmerman, Katie Gant, Allan D. Levi, W. Dalton Dietrich, Letitia Fisher, Steven Vanni, John Michael Tauber, Indie C. Garwood, John H. Abel, Emery N. Brown, Michael E. Ivan, Abhishek Prasad, Jonathan Jagid, Implantable brain\u2013computer interface for neuroprosthetic-enabled volitional hand grasp restoration in spinal cord injury, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the following competing interest was omitted in error.Dr. Brown is a cofounder of PASCALL, a company developing closed loop physiological control systems for anesthesiology.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because SZ, MKK, MRS, RH, NS, AAS, TJ, and MHS did not agree with the retraction. SP, SR, MN, GF, SA, and MI either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "To the Editor: Halobetasol propionate 0.01%/tazarotene 0.045% lotion (HP/TAZ) was developed as an effective, safe, and tolerable topical therapy for plaque psoriasis. It has been investigated in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis,P\u00a0<\u00a0.001). HP/TAZ was also more effective than vehicle in reducing affected BSA .In a pooled analysis of phase 3 studies involving patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis ,We conducted a Canadian multicenter retrospective chart review of 109 patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis defined as \u22647% BSA (as 5%-10% BSA is appropriate for defining moderate psoriasis).,Most patients  maintained a stable dose of ST and/or HP/TAZ and completed 8\u00a0weeks of treatment . OverallThe most common adverse events occurring up to week 8 were irritation 32.1%), erythema (17.4%), and burning (14.7%). There were no cases of atrophy , collectively, this real-world analysis of HP/TAZ in Canadian patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis suggests that it is an effective, safe, and satisfactory treatment. This warrants large and prospective real-world studies in this patient population.Dr Vender has served as a consultant, investigator, and/or received support or honoraria from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, Aralez, Arcutis, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, Celgene, Cipher, Janssen, Galderma, GSK, Kabi-Care, Leo, Lilly, Merck, Novartis, Palladin, Pfizer, Sandoz, Sun Pharma, UCB, and Viatris-Mylan. Dr Turchin has served as consultant, speaker, or investigator for AbbVie, Amgen, Arcutis, Aristea, Bausch Health, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Galderma, Incyte, Janssen, Kiniksa, LeoPharma, Mallinckrodt, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Sun Pharma, and UCB. Dr Lansang has received honoraria and consulting fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Bausch, Celgene, Galderma, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, UCB, and Valeant. Dr Prajapati has served as an investigator for AbbVie, Amgen, Arcutis, Arena, Asana, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Concert, Dermavant, Dermira, Eli Lilly, Galderma, Incyte, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Nimbus Lakshmi, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Reistone, Sanofi Genzyme, UCB, and Valeant and has served as a consultant, advisor, and/or speaker for AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, Aralez, Arcutis, Aspen, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Cipher, Eli Lilly, Galderma, GlaxoSmithKline, Homeocan, Janssen, LEO Pharma, L'Oreal, Medexus, Novartis, Pediapharm, Pfizer, Sanofi Genzyme, Sun Pharma, Tribute, UCB, and Valeant. Dr Legault is an employee of Bausch Health Canada.Dr Barakat is an employee of Bausch Health Canada. Dr Yeung has been a speaker, consultant, and investigator for AbbVie, Allergan, Amgen, Astellas, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Centocor, Coherus, Dermira, Eli Lilly, Forward, Galderma, GSK, Janssen, Leo, Medimmune, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Takeda, UCB, Valeant, and Xenon."}
+{"text": "In \u201cReasons for COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Chinese People Living With HIV/AIDS: Structural Equation Modeling Analysis\u201d :e33995) the authors made the following updates:1. In the originally published article, author Yan Yao was inadvertently listed as the eleventh author. In the corrected version, author Yan Yao is listed as the first author.2. In the originally published article, the note of equal contribution was attributed to three authors: Ruiyu Chai, Jianzhou Yang, and Xiangjun Zhang. In the corrected version, the equal contribution note is attributed to authors Yan Yao and Ruiyu Chai.3. Accordingly, the corrected order of authors is as follows:1*, PhD; Ruiyu Chai1*, MM; Jianzhou Yang2, PhD; Xiangjun Zhang3, PhD; Xiaojie Huang4, PhD; Maohe Yu5, PhD; Geng-feng Fu6, PhD; Guanghua Lan7, PhD; Ying Qiao8, MM; Qidi Zhou9, PhD; Shuyue Li10, MM; Junjie Xu11, PhDYan Yao*these authors contributed equally.4. In the originally published article, author Yan Yao was erroneously listed as the corresponding author. The corresponding authorship is now correctly attributed to Junjie Xu.5. Accordingly, the address and contact details of the corresponding author have been changed as follows:Junjie Xu, PhdClinical Research AcademyPeking University Shenzhen HospitalPeking University1120, Lianhua Road, Futian DistrictShenzhen, 518036, ChinaPhone: 86 755 83923333Email: xjjcmu@163.com.Authors' Contributions section was as follows:6. In the originally published article, the RC, YY, and JX conceptualized the study and wrote, reviewed, and edited the manuscript. RC, XH, XZ, SL, and YY designed the methodology. JY, XH, MY, GF, GL, JY, and QZ curated the data. RC, JY, and YY performed the formal analysis. JY, XH, MY, GF, and GL performed project administration. XH and JY obtained the resources. QZ, SL,YY, and JX supervised the study. RC, JY, and XZ contributed equally as first authors. QZ, SL, YY, and JX contributed equally as corresponding authors. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript as submitted.Authors' Contributions is as follows:The corrected RC, YY, and JX conceptualized the study and wrote, reviewed, and edited the manuscript. RC, XH, XZ, SL, and YY designed the methodology. JY, XH, MY, GF, GL, QY, and QZ curated the data. RC, JY, and YY performed the formal analysis. JY, XH, MY, GF, and GL performed project administration. XH and JY obtained the resources. QZ, SL,YY, and JX supervised the study. YY and RC contributed equally as first authors. JY, XZ, SL and JX contributed equally as corresponding authors. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript as submitted.The correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR Publications website on July 29, 2022 together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories."}
+{"text": "Correction: BMC Health Serv Res 22, 1365 (2022)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08771-zFollowing publication of the original article , the autThe incorrect author names are: Buser Sina, Gessler Noemi, Gmuender Myriam, Feuz Ursula, Jachmann Anne, Fayyaz Jabeen, Keitel Kristina and Brandenberger JuliaThe correct author names are: Sina Buser, Noemi Gessler, Myriam Gmuender, Ursula Feuz, Anne Jachmann, Jabeen Fayyaz, Kristina Keitel and Julia BrandenbergerThe author group has been updated above and the original article  has been"}
+{"text": "ISME Communications 10.1038/s43705-022-00152-1, published online 05 August 2022Correction to: In the original version of this article, the given and family names of Giorgia Palladino, Erik Caroselli, Teresa Tavella, Federica D\u2019Amico, Fiorella Prada, Arianna Mancuso, Silvia Franzellitti, Simone Rampelli, Marco Candela, Stefano Goffredo, and Elena Biagi were incorrectly structured. The name was displayed correctly in all versions at the time of publicationThe original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "International Journal of Telerehabilitation (IJT) is a biannual journal dedicated to advancing telerehabilitation by disseminating information about current research and practices. This open-source journal is indexed by PubMed and Scopus. IJT requires no readership or author fees.The international authorship. In the current issue, we are very pleased to publish work by authors from Australia, Chile, India, Italy, Hong Kong, and Saudi Arabia, in addition to articles from the United States.IJT enjoys a diverse international readership. Since its inception in 2008, approximately half of the journal's readership is from the United States. The journal's audience (in order of frequency) also includes readers from: Australia, India, Philippines, United Kingdom, Canada, Brazil, Italy, China, Spain, Germany, Singapore, France, South Korea, Turkey, Hong Kong, Ireland, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Chile, Netherlands, Malaysia, Finland, Indonesia, Columbia, Portugal, South Africa, Japan, Greece, Israel, Taiwan, Belgium, Thailand, Pakistan, Denmark, New Zealand, Austria, Poland, Sweden, Nigeria, Mexico, United Arab Emirates, Argentina, Switzerland, Peru, Norway, Russia, Puerto Rico, Oman, Egypt, Croatia, Czechia, Latvia, Romania, Kenya, Lithuania, Slovenia, Lebanon, Cyprus, Ukraine, Kuwait, Bangladesh, Jordan, Qatar, Estonia, Ghana, Bulgaria, Sri Lanka, Hungary, Iceland, Ecuador, Vietnam, Serbia, Bahrain, Malta, Uganda, Iraq, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Nepal, Tanzania, Guam, Palestine, Algeria, Morocco, Trinidad and Tobago, Georgia, Venezuela, Costa Rico, Ethiopia, Jamaica, Brunei, Cambodia, Bolivia, Maldives, Zimbabwe, Macao, North Macedonia, and Panama.IJT also enjoys a wide IJT does not actively engage in marketing. We surmise that this wide readership is testimony to the expanding global relevance of telemedicine, telehealth, and telerehabilitation.Such a diverse international audience would not be likely without the journal's use of an open journal system (OJS) and the generous sponsorship of the University of Pittsburgh's Office of Scholarly Communication and Publishing University Library System.As context, this issue was produced during an historic time. COVID-19, a global pandemic, is still dramatically affecting healthcare worldwide, as well as the global economy. Submissions to IJT have continued to increase, ostensibly to document how telerehabilitation is meeting those challenges. We regret that we are unable to publish the high volume of articles that are being submitted. Instead, we strive to promptly suggest other placements for work that is not central to telerehabilitation or relevant to the larger IJT audience.International Journal of Telerehabilitation (IJT) features impactful research across rehabilitation disciplines, with many more articles about physical therapy  than has been typical. The issue also includes the conference proceedings of an inter-professional educational effort that underscores that telerehabilitation at its best, is enriched by multi-disciplinary collaboration.The current issue of the multi-disciplinary We cordially invite submissions to the June 2022 issue beginning on January 1, 2022. IJT accepts original research, case studies, viewpoints, technology reviews, book reviews, and country reports that detail the status of telerehabilitation.Sincerely,Ellen R. Cohn, PhD, CCC-SLP, ASHA-F, IJT EditorJana Cason, DHSc, OTR/L, FAOTA, Senior Associate Editor"}
+{"text": "At the request of the authors, we report that in the paper published in the Sao Paulo Medical Journal, volume 137, issue number 6, DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0370160919, page 550:Where it read:IPhD. Doctoral Student, Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia\u201d\u201cIt should read:\u201cPhD. Assistant Professor, Electrical Engineering Department, Institute of Business Management (IoBM), Karachi, Pakistan\u201d"}
+{"text": "Molecular Biology and Evolution, Volume 39, Issue 12, December 2022, msac264, https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac264This is a correction to: Pascal Angst, Camille Ameline, Christoph R Haag, Frida Ben-Ami, Dieter Ebert, Peter D Fields, Genetic Drift Shapes the Evolution of a Highly Dynamic Metapopulation, In the originally published PDF version of this manuscript, the axis labels of figures 4, 5, and 6 were partially incorrect.These errors have now been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because SAltaf, MH, RUS, SAA, and SAlfarraj either did not respond directly or could not be reached. RA, RU, MIU, AR, MJA, and RD did not agree with the retraction."}
+{"text": "Aging Cell. 2021;20:e13328. https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13328David E. Harrison, Randy Strong, Peter Reifsnyder, Navasuja Kumar, Elizabeth Fernandez, Kevin Flurkey, Martin A. Javors, Marisa Lopez\u2010Cruzan, Francesca Macchiarini, James F. Nelson, Adrian Markewych, Alessandro Bitto, Amy L. Sindler, Gino Cortopassi, Kylie Kavanagh, Lin Leng, Richard Bucala, Nadia Rosenthal, Adam Salmon, Timothy M. Stearns, Molly Bogue, Richard A. Miller. th author with the affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA.In the original published article, the authorship list was not complete. Adrian Markewych should have been added as the 11The article has been corrected online.The authors regret the error."}
+{"text": "Catatonia is a state of apparent unresponsiveness to external stimuli in a person who is awake. More common in patients with unipolar major depression or bipolar disorder. Common signs: immobility, rigidity, mutism, posturing, excessive motor activity, stupor, negativism, staring, and echolalia. We will discuss a case of a 23 year old male with schizophrenia presented with catatonia and decompensation of his schizophrenia in the context of medication non-compliance. We will discuss findings from litrature pertaining to catatonia and treatment strategies.- To discuss catatonia, its incidence in different psychiatric disorders. - To discuss literature pertaining to catatonia. - To discuss different treatment strategies- Case study- Signs of catatonia: immobility, mutism, withdrawal and refusal to eat, staring, negativism, posturing, rigidity, waxy flexibility/catalepsy, stereotypy, echolalia, or echopraxia, verbigeration. - Diagnosis: Clinical, Lorazepam challenge. Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) - BFCR scale is used as the screening tool. If 2 of the 14 are positive, prompts further evaluation and completion of the remaining 9 items. - Differential Diagnosis include; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Serotoninergic Syndrome, Malignant Hyperthermia, Akinetic Mutism, Delirium, Parkinson\u2019s disease. - Lorazepam can be scheduled at interval doses until the catatonia resolves. - ECT in combination with benzodiazepines is used to treat malignant catatonia. - Possible complications are Physical trauma, malignant catatonia , dehydration, pneumonia, pressure ulcers due to immobility, muscle contractions, DVT, PEPsychiatrists need to be diligent in evaluating patients with Catatonia for other comorbid psychiatric conditions, addressing these conditions and conducting a thorough assessment and prompt treatment.No significant relationships."}
+{"text": "Pucciniales represent one of the largest groups of phytopathogens, which occur on mosses, ferns to advanced monocots and dicots. Seven suborders and 18 families have been reported so far, however recent phylogenetic studies have revealed para- or polyphyly of several morphologically defined suborders and families, particularly in Melampsorineae. In this study, a comprehensive phylogenetic framework was constructed based on a molecular phylogeny inferred from rDNA sequences of 160 species belonging to 16 genera in Melampsorineae . Our phylogenetic inference indicated that 13 genera are monophyletic with strong supports, while Pucciniastrum is apparently polyphyletic. A new genus, Nothopucciniastrum was therefore established and segregated from Pucciniastrum, with ten new combinations proposed. At the family level, this study further demonstrates the importance of applying morphologies of spore-producing structures  in higher rank taxonomy, while those traditionally applied spore morphologies  represent later diverged characters that are more suitable for the taxonomy at generic and species levels. Three new families, Hyalopsoraceae, Nothopucciniastraceae and Thekopsoraceae were proposed based on phylogenetic and morphological distinctions, towards a further revision of Pucciniales in line with the phylogenetic relationships.Rust fungi in the order  Pucciniales, are one of the most diverse groups of fungal pathogens, with over 7 800 species recognised worldwide , Cronartium ribicola (white pine blister rust), Hemileia vastatrix (coffee rust), Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Asian soybean rust) etc., are known to be among the most important and threatening species to agriculture and forestry  or orders  at various time periods  to evaluate the monophyly of traditional morphologically defined genera and determine their familial placements and generic boundaries in Melampsorineae; (2) to propose a taxonomic amendment towards establishing monophyletic families in Melampsorineae.In this study, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological reappraisal of Melampsorineae  based on the accession number. To determine the phylogenetic relationships of genera in the suborder Melampsorineae, rDNA ITS and LSU sequences of representative taxa from the genera Chrysomyxa, Coleopuccinia, Coleosporium, Cronartium, Hylospora, Melampsora, Melampsorella, Melampsoridium, Milesina, Naohidemyces, Pucciniastrum, Quasipucciniastrum, Rossmanomyces, Thekopsora, and Uredinopsis were chosen for phylogenetic studies  in one clade, whilst 10 other Pucciniastrum species  were in another distinct clade. Species of Milesina and Uredinopsis were found in a same clade, with the later merged into the Milesina species, forming a sister clade to M. vogesiaca.For ML and Bayesian analyses, a dataset containing selected species from 16 genera in Melampsorineae, ten families, including three new families, Hyalopsoraceae, Nothopucciniastraceae, Thekopsoraceae, and one new genus, Nothopucciniastrum, were proposed. These families differ from their phylogenetically allied families in their spore-producing structures , as shown in Melampsorineae  Unger, Beitr. Vergleich. Pathologie: 24. 1840. Genus included in this family. Chrysomyxa and Rossmanomyces. Spermogonia Group I (type 2), subepidermal, determinate, with flat hymenia, bounding structures lacking. Aecia Peridermium-type, subepidermal, with well-developed peridia, aeciospores catenulate, with intercalary cells, mainly verrucose. Uredinia Caeoma-type, subepidermal, erumpent, with or without inconspicuous peridia, wiitalicthout ostiolar cells, urediniospores with intercalary cells, germ pores scattered. Telia subepidermal, erumpent, teliospores aseptate, catenulate, crowded but loosely adherent, wall thin, germination occurs without dormancy. Basidia external or without basidiospores.Chrysomyxa was previously placed in Chrysomyxaceae, Coleosporiaceae, or Melampsoraceae by different taxonomists based on various morphological criteria in teliospores  1(1): 548. 1900, emend. P. Zhao and L. CaiFamily: Coleosporium L\u00e9v., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., S\u00e9r. 3 8: 373. 1847.Coleosporium campanulae (Pers.) Tul., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot., S\u00e9r. 42: 137. 1854.Genus included in this family. Coleosporium.Spermogonia Group I (type 2), subepidermal, determinate, with flat hymenia, bounding structures lacking. Aecia Peridermium-type, with well-developed peridia, aeciospores catenulate, with intercalary cells, verrucose. Uredinia Caeoma-type, with rudimentary peridia or none, without ostiolar cells, urediniospores echinulate, with intercalary cells, mostly verrucose. Telia erumpent as low or rarely columnar cushions, gelatinous, teliospores aseptate, sessile, catenulate, in 1-layered crusts or pseudocatenulate by intrusion of young spores among older ones. Basidia internal.Coleosporiaceae has undergone multiple taxonomic reassignments over the years based on various morphological criteria in teliospores and spermogonia  in the newly resurrected family Chrysomyxaceae. The genus Cronartium was re-classified in the family Cronartiaceae, and genus Thekopsora was classified in the new family Thekopsoraceae. Thus, Coleosporiaceae is emended with a narrower concept based on the type genus Coleosporium, which is distinctive from other families in telia with internal basidia and unicellular teliospores in 1-layered crust, wall thick and gelatinising above  1(1): 548. 1900Family: Cronartium Fr., Observ. Mycol. (Havniae) 1: 220. 1815.Cronartium asclepiadeum (Willd.) Fr., Observ. Mycol. (Havniae) 1: 220. 1815.Genera included in this family. Cronartium.Spermogonia Group II (type 9), intracortical, indeterminate, with flat hymenia, bounding structures lacking. Aecia Peridermium-type, the peridia large and blister-like, strongly developed, rupturing widely, aeciospores catenulate, with intercalary cells, verrucose with rod-like columns. Uredinia Milesia-type, subepidermal, opening by a pore, with ostiolar cells, urediniospores borne singly, echinulate, germ pore scattered. Telia with high variations, subepidermal, erumpent, vteliospores aseptate, crowded but loosely adherent, some catenulate, thin-walled, germination occurs without dormancy. Basidia external.Cronartium was originally placed in the family Pucciniaceae  Magnus, Ber. Dt. Bot. Ges. 19: 582. 1901.Genus included in this family. Coleopuccinia, Hyalopsora, Melampsoridium.Spermogonia Group I (type 2 or type 3), subepidermal or subcuticular, determinate, with flat hymenia, bounding structures lacking. Aecia Peridermium-type, with peridium, subepidermal, aeciospore catenulate. Uredinia Milesia-type, subepidermal, with peridium opening by a discrete pore, with ostiolar cells, urediniospores borne singly, wall colourless, echinulate, germ pores scattered or bizonate. Telia intraepidermal, not erumpent, 2 to many-celled by septa, wall colourless, teliospores aseptate, sessile, pigmented. Basidia external.Pucciniastraceae has been revealed to be polyphyletic, with members dispersed across several distant and well-supported clades  based on teliospores similarities, and Cao et al.  1(1): 38. 1897Family: Melampsora Castagne (1843).Melampsora euphorbiae (Ficinus and C. Schub.) Castagne, Observ. Ur\u00e9d. 2: 18.1843.Genus included in this family. Ceropsora and Melampsora.Spermogonia Group I (type 2 or type 3), subepidermal or subcuticular, determinate, with flat hymenia, bounding structures lacking. Aecia Caeoma-type, subepidermal, with rudimentary or no peridia, aeciospore catenulate, with intercalary cells. Uredinia Uredo-type, subepidermal, erumpent, without ostiolar cells, with abundant capitate paraphyses, urediniospores borne singly, echinulate, germ pores scattered or bizonate. Telia subepidermal or subcuticular, not erumpent, consisting of laterally adherent teliospores in crusts one spore deep or some species with subjacent spore-like cells, teliospores aseptate, sessile, pigmented. Basidia external.Ceropsora and Melampsora are distinctive from the rest families in Caeoma-type aecia, Uredo-type uredinia, and telia with sessile and unicellular teliospores , subepidermal, with concave hymenia, bounding structures lacking. Aecia Peridermium-type, subepidermal, erumpent, with peridia, aeciospores catenulate, verrucose. Uredinia Milesia-type, subepidermal, urediniospores mostly echinulate, borne singly. Telia intraepidermal, consisting of spores in the epidermal cells, teliospores aseptate or multiseptate, with oblique septa. Basidia external.Milesina, Naohidemyces and Uredinopsis were classified in Pucciniastraceae based on their teliospores that are embedded in the host tissue and the Peridermium-type aecia  P. Zhao and L. Cai, comb. nov.Genera included in this family. Nothopucciniastrum.Spermogonia Group I (type 2 and 3), subepidermal or subcuticular, determinate, with flat hymenia, bounding structures lacking. Aecia Peridermium-type, or Milesia-type, with well-developed peridia, aeciospores borne singly on pedicels, verrucose. Uredinia Milesia-type, with well-developed ostiolar cells, urediniospores borne singly, verrucose. Telia subepidermal, not erumpent, consisting of laterally adherent teliospores one spore deep, teliospores sessile, aseptate or multiseptate, with vertical septa. Basidia external.New combinations:comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum actinidiae (Hirats. f.) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum actinidiae Hirats. f., Mem. Tottori Agric. Coll. 4: 279. 1936.comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum boehmeriae ((Dietel) Syd. and P. Syd.) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum boehmeriae (Dietel) Syd. and P. Syd., Ann. Mycol. 1(1): 19. 1903.comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum corni (Dietel) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum corni Dietel, Bot. Jb. 34: 587. 1905.comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum fagi (Dietel) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum fagi G. Yamada, Bot. Mag., Tokyo 44: 280. 1930.comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum kusanoi (Dietel) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum kusanoi Dietel, Bot. Jb. 32: 629. 1903.comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum hikosanense (Hirats. f.) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum hikosanense Hirats. f., Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 10: 154. 1940.comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum miyabeanum (Hirats.) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum miyabeanum Hirats., Bot. Mag., Tokyo 12: 3 (extr.). 1898.comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum styracinum (Hirats.) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum styracinum Hirats., Bot. Mag., Tokyo 12: 2 (extr.). 1898.comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum tiliae (Miyabe) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum tiliae Miyabe, in Hiratsuka, Bot. Mag., Tokyo 11: 47. 1897.comb. nov.Nothopucciniastrum yoshinagae (Hirats.) P. Zhao and L. Cai, Basionym. Pucciniastrum yoshinagae Hirats. f. [as \u201cyoshinagai\u201d], Trans. Tottori Soc. Agric. Sci. 2: 247. 1931.Pucciniastraceae with 9 genera . Furthermore, Pucciniastrum species were found to cluster in two distant clades  constituted one well-supported clade distinct from the clade of Pucciniastrum comprising the type species P. epilobii .Pucciniastrum epilobii (Pers.) G.H. Otth, Mitt. Naturf. Ges. Bern 469\u2013496: 72. 1861.Genera included in this family. Melampsorella and Pucciniastrum.Spermogonia Group I (type 2 and 3), subepidermal or subcuticular, determinate, with flat hymenia, bounding structures lacking. Aecia Peridermium-type, or Milesia-type, with well-developed peridia, aeciospores borne singly on pedicels, verrucose. Uredinia Milesia-type, without ostiolar cells, urediniospores borne singly, verrucose. Telia subepidermal or intraepidermal, not erumpent, consisting of laterally adherent teliospores one spore deep, teliospores sessile, aseptate or ultiseptated, with vertical septa. Basidia external.Coleopuccinia, Hyalopsora, Melampsoridium silesia, Naohidemyces, Quasipucciniastrum, Thekopsora, Uredinopsis from Pucciniastraceae, we herein redefine the Pucciniastraceae with a narrower concept which include genera Melampsorella and Pucciniastrum. Pucciniastraceae is distinctive from the rest families by the absence of ostiolar cells in Milesia-type uredinia  Magnus, Sber. Gesellschaft Naturf. Freunde Berlin: 58. 1875.Genera included in this family. Thekopsora.Spermogonia Group I (type 2 and 3), subepidermal or subcuticular, determinate, with flat hymenia, bounding structures lacking. Aecia Peridermium-type, or Milesia-type, with well-developed peridia, aeciospores borne singly on pedicels, verrucose. Uredinia Milesia-type, with well-developed ostiolar cells with apparent spines, urediniospores borne singly, verrucose. Telia intraepidermal, not erumpent, consisting of laterally adherent teliospores one spore deep, teliospores sessile, aseptate or multiseptated, with vertical septa. Basidia external.Thekopsora clade, including the type of the genus, Thekopsora areolata, was phylogenetically close to Cronartium but distinct from Pucciniastrum species . By contrast, spore morphologies such as basidiospores, spermatia, aeciospores, urediniospores and teliospores, were phylogenetically more informative at lower taxonomic rank (species level) (Tian et al. Our previous and current studies on the phylogeny of Among the early diverged characters, the structures of spermogonia and telia have long been employed for classification at the family level, but the structures of aecia and uredinia have long been overlooked at higher taxonomic ranks (Hiratsuka and Cummins"}
+{"text": "September 13, 2021, Leonardo Lupori\u2019s affiliation was listed incorrectly. Leonardo Lupori\u2019s affiliation is Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56128 Pisa, Italy. The article has been corrected online, and the correct author affiliations appear below.In the article \u201cMEYE: Web App for Translational and Real-Time Pupillometry,\u201d by Raffaele Mazziotti, Fabio Carrara, Aurelia Viglione, Leonardo Lupori, Luca Lo Verde, Alessandro Benedetto, Giulia Ricci, Giulia Sagona, Giuseppe Amato, and Tommaso Pizzorusso, which published online on"}
+{"text": "The Acknowledgments section contains spelling errors. Please see the correct Acknowledgments below.We particularly acknowledge Juanita Riveros for creating the figure to demonstrate the types of interaction. We also acknowledge the members of the EMBL-EBI Training Team who delivered courses in 2020 and 2021: Mohamed Alibi, Dayane Rodrigues Ara\u00fajo, Adam Broadbent, Cath Brooksbank, Patricia Carvajal Lopez, Derrin Crawte, Prakash Singh Gaur, Piraveen Gopalasingam, Thomas Hancocks, Marta Lloret Llinares, Vera Matser, Brett McClintock, Michelle Mendonca, Ajay Mishra, Rebecca Nicholl, Charlotte Pearton, Emily Pomeroy, Anna Swan, Daniel Thomas-Lopez, Ian Willis, Jane Reynolds, Lucie Smith and Deborah Rice."}
+{"text": "Upon the original publication of the below listed articles, the Data Availability statementwas inadvertently omitted. This correction has been published to address the omission and notethat the statements have been instated for the following papers:Immunotherapy Advances, Volume 1,Issue 1, January 2021, ltaa002, https://doi.org/10.1093/immadv/ltaa002Emily Gwyer Findlay, Greg Sutton, Gwo-Tzer Ho, BSI Inflammation Affinity GroupTrialswatch Team, The MARVEL trial: a phase 2b randomised placebo-controlled trial of oralMitoQ in moderate ulcerative colitis, Immunotherapy Advances, Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2021,ltaa007, https://doi.org/10.1093/immadv/ltaa007Dharanidharan Ramamurthy, Trishana Nundalall, Sanele Cingo, Neelakshi Mungra, MaryamKaraan, Krupa Naran, Stefan Barth, Recent advances in immunotherapies against infectiousdiseases, ImmunotherapyAdvances, Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2021, ltab002, https://doi.org/10.1093/immadv/ltab002Wilson Savino, Beatriz Chaves, Adriana Cesar Bonomo, Vinicius Cotta-de-Almeida,Integrin-directed antibody-based immunotherapy: focus on VLA-4, Immunotherapy Advances, Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2021,ltab010, https://doi.org/10.1093/immadv/ltab010Laura J Pallett, Sarah Dimeloe, Linda V Sinclair, Adam J Byrne, Anna Schurich, Aglutamine \u2018tug-of-war\u2019: targets to manipulate glutamine metabolism for cancerimmunotherapy,"}
+{"text": "Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a costly disease to manage due to hospitalizations, regular ambulatory monitoring, and expensive pharmaceutical therapies. While hospitalization rates have fallen, the increased use of biologics have escalated the cost of care to the healthcare system.To assess historical direct healthcare costs of the IBD population in Canada.Population-based administrative costing data were obtained from: Alberta, British Columbia, and Manitoba. Costs were calculated based on administrative data (2009 to 2016) which captured: hospitalizations, physician costs, ambulatory care such as: emergency visits, day surgery, and colonoscopy (AB only), and medication costs of IBD-specific medications, such as: mesalamine, biologics, steroids, and immunomodulators. Costs were converted to 2020 dollars using the consumer price index. Average annual cost per person (ACPP) was calculated for each province. Using province specific IBD prevalence estimates these ACPP were meta-analyzed to obtain the annual weighted costs, with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and these costs underwent meta-regression to ascertain the average annual change in cost per year. An Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model was created to estimate the ACPP in 2023 with 95% prediction intervals (PI). Canada-wide total direct care costs of IBD patients, in billions (B), were calculated using the ACPP, Canada-specific IBD prevalence estimates , and total Canadian population calculations from Statistics Canada .In 2009 the ACPP was $7000 , representing $1.18B  in direct healthcare costs in Canada for all IBD patients. The ACPP in 2016 was increased to $10,336 , which equates to $2.37B  per year in direct healthcare costs. From 2009 to 2016, the ACPP increased an average of $450  per year. If these historical trends continue to 2023 the ACPP is forecasted to be $13,333  per person per year. The largest contributor to these costs is medications\u2014accounting for an estimated 50% of the total costs of IBD patients.The direct healthcare cost of IBD has risen steadily from 2009 to 2016 when the healthcare system spent over $10,000 per person with IBD and $2.37B nationwide. The primary driver of costs is medical management. Forecast models estimate that the annual cost may be over $13,000 per person in 2023. However, these estimates do not account for advent and increased uptake of novel biologics and small molecules, nor the downward cost pressure of biosimilars. These costs are those paid directly by the healthcare system and do not account for those born by the individual\u2014it is estimated that the true cost of IBD (direct and indirect) is much higher.CIHRS. Coward: None Declared, E. Benchimol Consultant of: Hoffman La-Roche Limited and Peabody & Arnold LLP for matters unrelated to medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease and McKesson Canada and the Dairy Farmers of Ontario for matters unrelated to medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease., C. Bernstein Grant / Research support from: Unrestricted educational grants from Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, and Takeda Canada. Has received research grants from Abbvie Canada, Amgen Canada, Pfizer Canada, and Sandoz Canada and contract grants from Janssen, Abbvie and Pfizer, Consultant of: Abbvie Canada, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, JAMP Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, Sandoz Canada, and Takeda., Speakers bureau of: Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada and Takeda Canada, J. A. Avina-Zubieta: None Declared, A. Bitton: None Declared, L. Hracs: None Declared, J. Jones Consultant of: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, Takeda, E. Kuenzig: None Declared, L. Lu: None Declared, S. Murthy: None Declared, Z. Nugent: None Declared, A. Otley Grant / Research support from: Unrestricted educational grants from AbbVie Canada and Janssen Canada, Consultant of: Advisory boards of AbbVie Canada, Janssen Canada and Nestle, R. Panaccione Consultant of: Abbott, AbbVie, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmos Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pendopharm, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Theravance Biopharma, Trellus, Viatris, UCB. Advisory Boards for: AbbVie, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Shire, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, J.-N. Pena-Sanchez: None Declared, H. Singh Consultant of: Pendopharm, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Roche Canada, Sandoz Canada, Takeda Canada, and Guardant Health, Inc.,, L. Targownik Grant / Research support from: Investigator initiated funding from Janssen Canada, Consultant of: [Advisory board] AbbVie Canada, Takeda Canada, Merck Canada, Pfizer Canada, Janssen Canada, Roche Canada, and Sandoz Canada, J. Windsor: None Declared, G. Kaplan Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Janssen, AbbVie, GlaxoSmith Kline, Merck, and Shire, Consultant of: Gilead, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, and Takeda"}
+{"text": "Figure 3 as published. We included the word \u201chost\u201d by mistake. The correct legend appears below.In the original article, there was a mistake in the legend for Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree of ESBL-E.coli sequences from irrigation water, fruits, and vegetables. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the core genomes of 80 ESBL-E.coli isolates from irrigation water, fruits, and vegetables. The labels show the isolate ID assigned according to the sample ID, the origin of the isolate is shown by source colors . The background colors highlighted on the branches of the tree indicate the seven identified phylogroups. Numbers represent bootstrap values using 1,000 pseudo-replicates.In the original article, there was an error, the manuscript states that sequences were deposited in the European Nucleotide Archive but were deposited to Bioproject- NCBI.Materials and Methods, \u201cSequence Accession Number,\u201d paragraph one:A correction has been made to the Section \u201cThe sequences were uploaded to Bioproject- NCBI under the following accession numbers: SAMN20872921, SAMN20872922, SAMN20872998, SAMN20873936, SAMN20873938, SAMN20873941, SAMN20873969, SAMN20873994, SAMN20874637, SAMN20875987, SAMN20875988, SAMN20875992, SAMN20875994, SAMN20875998, SAMN20879008, SAMN20879962, SAMN20879963, SAMN20879975, SAMN20879976, SAMN20880112, SAMN20880135, SAMN20880136, SAMN20881008, SAMN20881023, SAMN20881078, SAMN20881101, SAMN20881102, SAMN20881103, SAMN20881104, SAMN20881105, SAMN20881397, SAMN20881398, SAMN20881399, SAMN20881400, SAMN20882115, SAMN20882121, SAMN20882132, SAMN20882145, SAMN20882146, SAMN20882147, SAMN20882148, SAMN20882149, SAMN20883143, SAMN20883144, SAMN20883145, SAMN20883146, SAMN20883147, SAMN20884528, SAMN20884547, SAMN20884549, SAMN20886717, SAMN20887874, SAMN20887881, SAMN20887882, SAMN20887901, SAMN20887904, SAMN20887915, SAMN20887924, SAMN20887927, SAMN20887932, SAMN20887933, SAMN20888904, SAMN20888908, SAMN20888911, SAMN20888912, SAMN20888913, SAMN20888914, SAMN20888915, SAMN20888916, SAMN20888921, SAMN20888932, SAMN20888933, SAMN20888934, SAMN20888941, SAMN20888958, SAMN20888959, SAMN20888960, SAMN20888962, SAMN20890819, SAMN20891007.\u201dThe original article contains texts identical to those found in another article published by our group.Materials and Methods, \u201cDNA Sequencing and Analysis:\u201dA correction has been made to the Section \u00ae Genomic DNA Purification  according to the manufacturer's instructions. Sequencing was carried out at the University of Minnesota Mid-Central Research and Outreach Center  using a single 2 \u00d7 250-bp dual-index run on an Illumina MiSeq with Nextera XT libraries to generate ~30- to 50-fold coverage per genome. Genome assembly of MiSeq reads for each sample was performed using SPAdes assembler with the careful assembly option and automated k-mer detection (Bankevich et al., \u201cGenomic DNA was extracted from the isolates using the WizardMaterials and Methods, \u201cPhylogenetic Analysis,\u201d paragraph one:A correction has been made to the Section \u201cPan-genomic analysis was carried out with Roary (Page et al., The authors apologize for these errors that do not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher."}
+{"text": "Correction: Journal of Translational Medicine (2022) 20:508 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-022-03728-6Following publication of the original article , we have2\u2020, Dong Cao3\u2020, Chuwen Hu3, Zhen Liang2, Yuanping Zhang2 and Jianguo Lai1*Jiayue LuoJiayue LuoDepartment of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children\u2019s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong, ChinaDong CaoDepartment of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, ChinaChuwen HuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, ChinaZhen LiangDepartment of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children\u2019s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong, ChinaYuanping ZhangDepartment of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children\u2019s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong, ChinaJianguo Laihttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0120-0245 laijianguo@gdph.org.cnORCID: Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China"}
+{"text": "Journal of Surgical Case Reports, Volume 2022, Issue 3, March 2022, rjac056, https://doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjac056This is a correction to: Abhishek Kashyap, Dmitry Abramov, Aditya Bharadwaj, Miriam Rabkin, David G. Rabkin, Coronary artery aneurysm, ectasia and stenosis in a 53-year-old man with HIV infection, In the originally published version of this manuscript, Abhishek Kashyap's first name was inadvertently misspelled as Abishek.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because FF, DI, RU, HD, and SK did not agree with the retraction. JD responded but expressed neither agreement nor disagreement with the editorial decision. NR, ZH, MN, SI, SMAB, MSA, and MSE either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "JACC: CardioOncology, Chen et\u00a0alThere has been significant improvement in the survivorship of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). In the cytokine era, the median overall survival was slightly longer than 1 year.We place these findings in the context of the contemporary mRCC therapies and how this work influences the field of mRCC, as the past decade has seen a significant shift from cytokines toward VEGFR TKIs or combination regimens of VEGFR TKIs and checkpoint inhibitors .6 Prior 13,Once a patient has been diagnosed and optimal guideline-directed mRCC therapy initiated, we believe that those with intermediate or favorable prognosis should be monitored for MACE during the first year, with this timing based in part on the median time to event reported by Chen et\u00a0al.Dr Guha is supported by the American Heart Association Strategically Focused Research Network Grant in Disparities in Cardio-Oncology (847740 and 863620). Dr Agarwal is a consultant to Astellas, AstraZeneca, Aveo, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calithera, Clovis, Eisai, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Exelixis, Foundation Medicine, Genentech, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, MEI Pharma, Nektar, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacyclics, and Seattle Genetics; and has received institutional research funding from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bavarian Nordic, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calithera, Celldex, Clovis, Eisai, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Exelixis, Genentech, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Immunomedics, Janssen, Medivation, Merck, Nektar, New Link Genetics, Novartis, Pfizer, Prometheus, Rexahn, Roche, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics, Takeda, and Tracon. Dr Sayegh has reported that he has no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose."}
+{"text": "Addition of an AuthorAndr\u00e9a Rodrigues da Costa, Henrique Horta Veloso, and Fernanda Martins Carneiro were erroneously excluded. The corrected author list appears below.In the published article, there was an error in the author list, and authors 1*, Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano1, Michele Ferreira Murgel1, Patricia Mello Andrade1, Marcelo Teixeira de Holanda1, Andr\u00e9a Rodrigues da Costa1, Henrique Horta Veloso1, Fernanda Martins Carneiro1, Cl\u00e1udia Maria Valete Rosalino1, Andr\u00e9a Silvestre de Sousa1, Fernanda de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes1, Roberta Olmo Pinheiro2, Valdil\u00e9a Gon\u00e7alves Veloso1, Roberto Magalh\u00e3es Saraiva1, 3 and Alejandro Marcel Hasslocher-Moreno1, 3Gilberto Marcelo Sperandio da SilvaThe corrected Author Contributions Statement appears below.AH-M, MMu, MMe, AC, FC, and PA collected, interpreted data, and prepared tables. GS, AH-M, RS, and MMe analyzed the data. MMe, MMu, PA, MH, AC, HV, FC, CV, AS, FM, RP, VV, RS, and AH-M reviewed and edited the manuscript. GS, MH, CV, AS, FM, RP, VV, AC, HV, FC, MMe, RS, and AH-M conceptualized, designed study, supervised the study, and interpreted data. GS wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.The authors apologize for this inclusion and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because SIrshad, AM, SIqbal, DI, SK, RMI, MAW, and ZHD did not agree with the retraction. ZH, NR, MN, AAH, and MSE either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Figure 2 are labelled A, B, C, D, E, E, and F and in Figure 3 A, B, C, D, D, E, and F, while both were initially intended as A, B, C, D, E, F, G.In the published article, there was an error in The corrected The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Canada is currently in the third epidemiological stage in the evolution of IBD: compounding prevalence. A high incidence of IBD, in conjunction with low mortality, leads to a steadily rising prevalence over time. By understanding historical epidemiological trends, we can forecast incidence and prevalence into the future to inform healthcare systems in Canada of the rising burden of IBD to society.To analyze past epidemiological trends in order to forecast the overall incidence and prevalence of IBD, Crohn\u2019s disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC) and stratified by age .Canadian population-based administrative data was acquired from: AB, BC, SK, MB, QC, and ON. Data were age and sex standardized to the matching year and provincial data aggregated into a representative sample of the Canadian population for prevalence (2002-2014) and incidence (2007-2014: 5-year washout period). Incidence and prevalence  were calculated, with 95% confidence intervals (CI), using Canadian population estimates from Statistics Canada for IBD, CD, UC (IBD-unclassifiable+UC). Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average models were created, and rates forecasted from 2014 to 2035 with 95% prediction intervals (PI). Poisson  for incidence and log binomial regression for prevalence estimated the Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC), with 95% CIs, of the forecasted data.The 2014 incidence of IBD in Canada was 28.4 per 100,000  and forecasted to significantly increase  from 30.0 per 100,000 in 2023 to 32.1  in 2035. Pediatric onset IBD was 13.9 per 100,000  in 2014 and is forecasted to significantly increase to 18.0 per 100,000  in 2035 with an AAPC of 1.23% . Adult and elderly onset incidence rates were forecasted to remain stable. Prevalence of IBD increased between 2002  and 2014  and is forecasted to continue to climb by an AAPC of 2.44% . In 2023, the prevalence of IBD is 825 per 100,000. By 2035 prevalence is forecasted to climb to 1075 per 100,000  with 470,000 Canadians living with IBD. Prevalence across all age strata were forecasted to significantly increase. The highest AAPC was seen in the elderly  with a prevalence of 841 per 100,000  in 2014 and forecasted to climb to 1534 per 100,000  in 2035.Incidence of IBD continues to rise in Canada, driven by pediatric-onset IBD. In 2023, over 320,000 Canadians (0.83%) will be living with IBD. By 2035 prevalence will exceed 1% of the population with approximately 470,000 individuals in Canada with IBD. Future research should establish the environmental determinates of IBD that may influence temporal trends in the incidence of IBD, while healthcare systems adapt to the compounding prevalence of IBD.CIHR, OtherThe Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable TrustS. Coward: None Declared, E. Benchimol Consultant of: Hoffman La-Roche Limited and Peabody & Arnold LLP for matters unrelated to medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease and McKesson Canada and the Dairy Farmers of Ontario for matters unrelated to medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease., C. Bernstein Grant / Research support from: Unrestricted educational grants from Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, and Takeda Canada. Has received research grants from Abbvie Canada, Amgen Canada, Pfizer Canada, and Sandoz Canada and contract grants from Janssen, Abbvie and Pfizer, Consultant of: Abbvie Canada, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, JAMP Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, Sandoz Canada, and Takeda., Speakers bureau of: Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada and Takeda Canada, J. A. Avina-Zubieta: None Declared, A. Bitton: None Declared, L. Hracs: None Declared, J. Jones Consultant of: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, Takeda, E. Kuenzig: None Declared, L. Lu: None Declared, S. Murthy: None Declared, Z. Nugent: None Declared, A. Otley Grant / Research support from: Unrestricted educational grants from AbbVie Canada and Janssen Canada, Consultant of: Advisory boards of AbbVie Canada, Janssen Canada and Nestle, R. Panaccione Consultant of: Abbott, AbbVie, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmos Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pendopharm, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Theravance Biopharma, Trellus, Viatris, UCB. Advisory Boards for: AbbVie, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Shire, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, J.-N. Pena-Sanchez: None Declared, H. Singh Consultant of: Pendopharm, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Roche Canada, Sandoz Canada, Takeda Canada, and Guardant Health, Inc., L. Targownik Grant / Research support from: Investigator initiated funding from Janssen Canada, Consultant of: [Advisory board] AbbVie Canada, Takeda Canada, Merck Canada, Pfizer Canada, Janssen Canada, Roche Canada, and Sandoz Canada, J. Windsor: None Declared, G. Kaplan Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Janssen, AbbVie, GlaxoSmith Kline, Merck, and Shire, Consultant of: Gilead, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, and Takeda"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11866-6, published online 16 May 2022Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Fyezah Jehan, Sunil Sazawal, Abdullah H. Baqui, Jeffrey S. A. Stringer,\u00a0Anisur Rahman,\u00a0Muhammad I. Nisar, Usha Dhingra, Rasheda Khanam, Muhammad Ilyas, Arup Dutta, Usma Mehmood, Saikat Deb, Aneeta Hotwani, Said M. Ali, Sayedur Rahman, Ambreen Nizar, Shaali M. Ame, Sajid Muhammad, Aishwarya Chauhan, Waqasuddin Khan, Rubhana Raqib, Sayan Das, Salahuddin Ahmed, Tarik Hasan, Javairia Khalid, Mohammed H. Juma, Nabidul H. Chowdhury, Furqan Kabir, Fahad Aftab, Abdul Quaiyum, Alexander Manu, Sachiyo Yoshida, Rajiv Bahl, Jesmin Pervin, Joan T. Price, Monjur Rahman, Margaret P. Kasaro, James A. Litch, Patrick Musonda, Bellington Vwalika\u00a0were omitted as an author in the author list. All members of The Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth (GAPPS) and The Alliance for Maternal and Newborn Health Improvement (AMANHI) are listed in the author list.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because ZJ, NH, and SAHB did not agree with the retraction. HAF, FI, MNH, JL, SR, WH, HY, SM, AK, RNAQ, and MSA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-20374-6, published online 27 September 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article contained spelling errors in the names of the authors: Marta Czernik, Dawid Winiarczyk, Silvestre Sampino, Pawe\u0142 Gr\u0119da, Salvatore Parillo and Pasqualino Loi, which were incorrectly given as: Czernik Marta, Winiarczyk Dawid, Sampino Silvestre, Greda Pawel, Parillo Salvatore and Loi Pasqualino.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23005-2, published online 09 November 2022Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Sung-Hoon Ahn was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018MX Division, Samsung Electronics, Samsungro 129, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16677, Republic of Korea\u2019.The correct affiliations are listed below.Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Ro 1, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Ro 1, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of KoreaThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-29064-3, published online 01 February 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for Mohd Asif Shah. The correct affiliations are listed below.Department of Management Science, Kebri Dehar University, Kebri Dehar, Ethiopia.School of Business, Woxsen University, Kamkole, Sadasivpet, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502345, India.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Immunotherapy Advances, Volume 2, Issue 1, 2022, ltac019, https://doi.org/10.1093/immadv/ltac019This is a correction to: Stephanie Schwartz, Nidhi Patel, Tyler Longmire, Pushpa Jayaraman, Xiaomo Jiang, Hongbo Lu, Lisa Baker, Janelle Velez, Radha Ramesh, Anne-Sophie Wavreille, Melanie Verneret, Hong Fan, Tiancen Hu, Fangmin Xu, John Taraszka, Marc Pelletier, Joy Miyashiro, Mikael Rinne, Glenn Dranoff, Catherine Sabatos-Peyton, Viviana Cremasco, Characterization of sabatolimab, a novel immunotherapy with immuno-myeloid activity directed against TIM-3 receptor, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the results from table 1 were incorrectly copied onto table 2There seems to have been an issue with table 2, where the results have been accidentally copied over from table 1.According to the author, table 2 should read:This error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Nature Microbiology 10.1038/s41564-022-01143-7, published online 7 July 2022.Correction to: In the version of this article initially published, the author affiliation information was incomplete, neglecting to note that Brian J. Willett, Joe Grove, Oscar A. MacLean, Craig Wilkie, Giuditta De Lorenzo, Wilhelm Furnon, Diego Cantoni, Sam Scott, Nicola Logan and Shirin Ashraf contributed equally and that John Haughney, David L. Robertson, Massimo Palmarini, Surajit Ray and Emma C. Thomson jointly supervised the work, as now indicated in the HTML and PDF versions of the article."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MShehzad, AD, AM, MShaban, MN, and FL did not agree with the retraction. XC, ZZ, and MK responded but expressed neither agreement nor disagreement with the editorial decision. YX, AK, MJA, and KW either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Mirikizumab (miri), an anti-IL23/p19 monoclonal antibody, demonstrated efficacy compared with placebo (PBO) in the Phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind LUCENT-1 induction study in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis .This analysis assessed early onset of symptomatic improvement and symptomatic control during induction.During the 12-week (W) induction study, 1162 adult patients (pts) with inadequate response, loss of response, or were intolerant to conventional therapy or biologic or tofacitinib therapy for UC, received miri IV Q4W (N=868) or PBO (N=294). We evaluated improvement for symptoms of stool frequency (SF), rectal bleeding (RB) and bowel movement urgency (BU), abdominal pain and fatigue. BU Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) change from baseline (BL), BU Clinical Meaningful Improvement (CMI), BU Remission, Fatigue NRS change from BL, Abdominal Pain Improvement, as well as SF Remission, RB Remission, Symptomatic Response and Symptomatic Remission were assessed.As early as W2, miri-treated pts achieved a significantly greater reduction in RB subscores (p=0.001) and in SF subscores (p=0.035). From W2 and W4, a significantly greater percentage achieved SF Remission and RB Remission, respectively compared to PBO. A significantly greater percentage of miri-treated pts achieved Symptomatic Response compared to PBO from W2 (p=0.003) and of Symptomatic Remission compared with PBO from W4 (p<0.001). Miri-treated pts showed a significantly greater mean reduction in BU NRS scores as early as W2 compared to PBO (p=0.004). From W4, a significantly greater percentage of miri-treated pts achieved BU CMI versus PBO (p=0.044). From W7 onwards, a significantly greater percentage achieved BU Remission (p=0.002). The pts showed a significantly greater mean reduction in Fatigue NRS scores from W2 compared to PBO (p=0.014). As early as W4, a significant reduction of at least 30% in Abdominal Pain NRS score from BL was observed in the miri-treated pts compared with PBO (p=0.007). At W12, a significantly greater proportion of miri-treated pts achieved Symptomatic Response, Symptomatic Remission, RB Remission, SF Remission, BU change from BL, BU CMI and Remission, as well as Fatigue and Abdominal Pain Improvement, compared to PBO (Table).Miri provides rapid control of UC symptoms, including BU and fatigue, as early as W2 compared with PBO in pts with moderately to severely active UC.OtherEli Lilly and CompanyS. Danese Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Allergan, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Athos Therapeutics, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Enthera, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Hospira, Inotrem, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mundipharma, Mylan, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz Sublimity, Takeda, TiGenix, UCB Pharma, and Vifor Pharma, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Mylan, Pfizer, and Takeda, A. Dignass Consultant of: AbbVie, Abivax, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb (Celgene), Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Roche, Sandoz/Hexal, Takeda, Tillotts Pharma AG, and Vifor Pharma, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos, High5Md, Janssen, Materia, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Sandoz, Takeda, Tillotts Pharma AG, and Vifor Pharma, K. Matsuoka Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, EA Pharma, JIMRO, Kissei Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Mochida Pharmaceutical, and Zeria Pharmaceutical Nippon, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, EA Pharma, JIMRO, Kissei Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Takeda, and Zeria Pharmaceutical Nippon, M. Ferrante Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Janssen Cilag, Pfizer, Takeda, and Viatris, Consultant of: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Cilag, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sandoz, Takeda, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Lamepro, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Pfizer, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, Takeda, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, M. Long Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calibr, Eli Lilly and Company, Genentech, Janssen, Pfizer, Prometheus Biosciences, Roche, Takeda, TARGET PharmaSolutions, and Theravance Biopharma, I. Redondo Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, T. Gibble Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, R. Moses Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, N. Morris Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, X. Li Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Milch Employee of: former employee, was employed at Eli Lilly and Company at the time of study, M. Abreu Grant / Research support from: Pfizer, Prometheus Biosciences, and Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Microba Life Sciences, Prometheus Biosciences, UCB Pharma, and WebMD, Speakers bureau of: Alimentiv, Intellisphere LLC , Janssen, Prime CME, and Takeda, J. Jones: None Declared"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because AMAS agreed with the retraction. MFA, SB, AUD, MR, SSA, AMES, YL, ATKZ, and MJA did not agree with the retraction. SK, SM, NU, and KZ either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "NOT PUBLISHED AT AUTHOR\u2019S REQUESTCCC, CIHRS. Murthy: None Declared, G. Kaplan Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Janssen, AbbVie, GlaxoSmith Kline, Merck, and Shire, Consultant of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, Takeda, Gilead, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, and Takeda, S. Coward: None Declared, E. Kuenzig: None Declared, E. Benchimol Consultant of: Hoffman La-Roche Limited, Peabody & Arnold LLP, McKesson Canada, Dairy Farmers of Ontario for matters unrelated to medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease., A. Zubieta: None Declared, A. Otley: None Declared, A. Bitton: None Declared, C. Bernstein Grant / Research support from: Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Takeda Canada; Amgen Canada, Sandoz Canada , Consultant of: Abbvie Canada, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, JAMP Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, Sandoz Canada, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada and Takeda Canada, L. Targownik Grant / Research support from: Janssen Canada, Consultant of: AbbVie Canada, Takeda Canada, Merck Canada, Pfizer Canada, Janssen Canada, Roche Canada, and Sandoz Canada, J. Jones Consultant of: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, Takeda, J. Begum: None Declared, M. Pugliese: None Declared, H. Singh Consultant of: Pendopharm, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Roche Canada, Sandoz Canada, Takeda Canada, and Guardant Health, Inc.,"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because NKGupta, RKS, TJ, HMA, RK, and MHS did not agree with the retraction. SG, JS, NKGarg, DS, and AAAH either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09232-7, published online 30 March 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the authors Renata Auricchio, Ilaria Calabrese, Martina Galatola, Donatella Cielo, Fortunata Carbone, Marianna Mancuso, Giuseppe Matarese, Riccardo Troncone, Salvatore Auricchio & Luigi Greco which were incorrectly given as Auricchio Renata, Calabrese Ilaria, Galatola Martina, Cielo Donatella, Carbone Fortunata, Mancuso Marianna, Matarese Giuseppe, Troncone Riccardo, Auricchio Salvatore & Greco Luigi. The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol. 2021;10:1448\u20131451, https://doi.org/10.1002/psp4.12721.Gianluca Selvaggio, Lorena Leonardelli, Giuseppe Lofano, Stephanie Fresnay, Silvia Parolo, Duccio Medini, Emilio Siena and Luca Marchetti, In the published version of Selvaggio G, et al. (2021)The authors apologize for the error."}
+{"text": "Whether healthcare workers with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) due to occupational exposure is unknown.To assess the risk of COVID-19 in healthcare workers with IBD.A case control study enrolled 326 healthcare workers with IBD from 17 GETAID centres and matched non-healthcare workers with IBD controls (1:1) for gender, age, disease subtype and year of diagnosis. The study period was year 2020 during the COVID-19 outbreak.vs. 3.8 \u00b1 1.9 per 100 patient-semesters, P\u00a0= 0.34) and the overall incidence rates of severe COVID-19 . In multivariate analysis in the entire study population, COVID-19 was associated with patients with body mass index > 30 kg/m2 .In total, 59 COVID-19 were recorded among cases (n\u00a0= 32) and controls (n\u00a0= 27), including 2 severe COVID-19  but no death. No difference was observed between healthcare workers and controls regarding the overall incidence rates of COVID-19 4.9 \u00b1 2.2 Healthcare workers with IBD do not have an increased risk of COVID-19 compared with other patients with IBD. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)  in healthcare workers and severe COVID-19 in 5% [3%\u20138%] % in heal.We thus conducted a multicenter case-control study in a real-life setting aiming to assess the incidence rate of COVID-19 in healthcare workers with IBD compared with other non-healthcare worker patients with IBD, and to identify the predictors of COVID-19.st 2020.The present study was a follow-up extension of a retrospective observational multicenter case-control study conducted in 17 French and Belgian academic centers affiliated with the Groupe d'Etude Th\u00e9rapeutique des Affections Inflammatoires du tube Digestif (GETAID). In this study, 482 patients with IBD who were healthcare workers and 482 controls patients were included from the MICISTA registry, a tertiary monocentric clinical database of all consecutive patients with IBD at Saint-Antoine Hospital    . It is cIn the recent meta-analysis on the risk of COVID-19 in patients with IBD, 9 out of 23 studies reported specific outcomes according to ongoing treatments. Worse outcomes were noted in patients treated with steroids and aminosalicylates and better outcomes for those treated with biologics and immunosuppressants . This co2. Obesity has been repeatedly reported as a risk factor of COVID-19 and severe COVID-19 in various cohort and epidemiological studies , [ studies . The lin studies ,24. Thos studies . However studies .Whereas, we included a large number of healthcare workers with IBD, we acknowledge a number of limitations in this study. First, the size of the present study may be too small to assess statistical difference between both groups. Second, data collection was retrospective during year 2021. However, all the participating centres are tertiary care centre with standardized clinical, biological, endoscopic and morphological prospective follow-up that lower the impact of such bias. Third, we focused on COVID-19 defined as symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection with positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 on nasopharyngeal swab and/or a positive serological test for SARS-CoV-2 without prior vaccination. Nonetheless, this bias should be balanced in both groups. Fourth, we lost one third of the original cohort in both the healthcare worker and control groups and had to subsequently proceed to a rematch process of cases and controls. However, both groups were ultimately well balanced with few significant differences.We concluded that healthcare workers with IBD did not exhibit an increased risk of COVID-19 compared with controls. Special attention should be given to nurses' aides with regard to closest contact with patients and underlying risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Those data are reassuring as well as the low incidence of severe COVID-19 either in healthcare workers and control patients with IBD.Conception and design of the study: CG, SN, LPB, PS, AAGeneration, Collection, Assembly, Analysis and/or Interpretation of data: AA, AB, PS, JMG, OD, SN, RA, VA, DL, CR, AB, MN, SV, LV, CS, PM, GB, AADrafting or revision of the manuscript: AA, AB, PS, JMG, OD, SN, RA, VA, DL, CR, AB, MN, SV, LV, CS, PM, GB, AAApproval of the final version of the manuscript: AA, AB, PS, JMG, OD, SN, RA, VA, DL, CR, AB, MN, SV, LV, CS, PM, GB, AAWe wish to confirm that all the authors have approved the current submission.Aurelien Amiot received consulting fees from Abbvie, Hospira, Janssen, Tillotts, Pfizer, Takeda, Gilead and Biocodex as well as lecture fees and travel accommodations from Abbvie, Janssen, Biocodex, Hospira, Ferring, Pfizer, Biogen, Amgen, Fresenius Kabi, Ferring, Tillotts, Takeda and MSD. This author also received advisory board fees from Gilead, Tillotts, Takeda and AbbvieJean-Marc Gornet received fees from Sanofi, Merck Serono, Roche, Novartis, Amgen and travel accommodation from Abbvie and MSD.Olivier DeWit received consulting, lecture fees or travel accommodations from Abbvie, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos, Janssen, MSD, Mylan, Pfizer, Sandoz.Stephane Nancey received consulting fees from Merck, Abbvie, Takeda, Ferring, Norgine, Vifor Pharma, Novartis, Janssen-Cilag, Hospira, Takeda and HAC-Pharma.Romain Altwegg received board or lectures fees from Abbvie, Janssen, Pfizer, Takeda, Amgen, Celltrion, Norgine, FerringVered Abitbol received lecture fees from Biogen Amgen Sandoz Mylan Pfizer Takeda Janssen Gilead TillotsDavid Laharie received counseling, boards or transports fees from Abbvie, Biogaran, Biogen, Ferring, HAC-pharma, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Prometheus, Roche, Takeda, Theradiag, Tillots.Catherine Reenaers received lecture fees from Abbvie, Takeda, Ferring, Pfizer, Galapagos, Celltrion, Janssen, Fresenius-Kabi, Bristol Myers Squibb, Thermo-Fisher and consultancy fees from Galapagos, Celltrion, Janssen, Fresenius-Kabi, Bristol Myers SquibbCharlotte Gagniere received travel accommodations from Takeda.Anthony Buisson has received research funding from Pfizer, lecture fees from Abbvie, Ferring, Hospira, MSD, Janssen, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda and Vifor Pharma and consulting fees from Abbvie, Biogen, Janssen, Pfizer and Takeda.Maria Nachury received board membership, consultancy, or lecture fees from Abbvie, Adacyte, Amgen, Arena, Biogen, CTMA, Celltrion, Ferring, Fresenius-Kabi, Janssen, Mayoli-Spindler, MSD, Pfizer, TakedaStephanie Viennot has received consulting fees from Abbvie, MSD, Takeda, Vifor Pharma and Ferring.Lucine Vuitton received lecture fees from Abbvie, MSD, Takeda, Ferring, Mayoli, Janssen and Pfizer, and research grants from MSD, Takeda and Pfizer.Guillaume Bouguen received lecture fees from Abbvie, Ferring, MSD, Takeda and Pfizer and consultant fees from Takeda, Janssen, Sandoz and Mylan.Seksik P reports consulting fees from Pfizer, Astellas, Janssen, Fresenius Kabi, Takeda, Pil\u00e8ge and Biocodex and grants from Biocodex and Janssen.These conflicts of interest are unrelated to the current work.None for the remaining authors.None"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-20709-3, published online 05 October 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in the order of the author names, which was incorrectly given as Junyan Wang, Rui Li, Minai Zhang, Chensheng Gu, Haili Wang, Jianjian Feng, Linjie Bao, Yihe Wu, Xichun Zhang & Shuming Chen.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Oxford Medical Case Reports, Volume 2022, Issue 7, July 2022, omac072, https://doi.org/10.1093/omcr/omac072This is a correction to: Yuki Muta, Akio Odaka, Seiichiro Inoue, Yuta Takeuchi, Yoshifumi Beck, Minimally invasive fenestration for congenital hepatic cyst in infant, In the originally published version of this manuscript, Yuta Takeuchi's name was mis-spelled as Yuta Takechi.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "International Journal of Integrated Care. 2022; 22: 19. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.5997.This article details a correction to: Blythe R, Carter H, Abell B, Brain D, Dyer C, White N, et al. Application of a Mixed Methods Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Framework in Integrated Health Care.  Blythe et al. (2022)  was publThe original author list was:Robin Blythe, Hannah Carter, Bridget Abell, David Brain, Carly Dyer, Nicole White, Sanjeewa Kularatna, Steven McPhailThe author list should instead read:Robin Blythe, Hannah Carter, Bridget Abell, Megan Campbell, David Brain, Carly Dyer, Nicole White, Sanjeewa Kularatna, Steven McPhailAll authors fit the authorship definitions and have confirmed the new list is correct."}
+{"text": "The rapid development and distribution of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has raised concerns surrounding vaccine safety in immunocompromised populations, such as those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).We described adverse events (AEs) following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in those with IBD and determined relationships between AEs to post-vaccination antibody titres.n=670) who received a 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and/or 4th dose of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine  were interviewed via telephone for AEs using the Adverse Events Following Immunization form. Subsequently, we assessed injection site reaction as a specific AE outcome. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody (anti-S) levels within 1\u201312 weeks of vaccination and injection site reaction following 1st, 2nd, and 3rd dose vaccination. Models were adjusted for age, sex, IBD type, IBD medications, vaccine type, and prior COVID-19 infection. Additionally, we evaluated the risk of flare of IBD within 30 days of vaccination via chart review.Individuals with IBD from a prospective cohort in Calgary, Canada (st dose (n=331), 2nd dose (n=331), 3rd dose (n=195), and 4th dose (n=100) of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. AEs were reported in 83.3% of participants after 1st dose, 79.1% after 2nd dose, 77.4% after 3rd dose, and 67.0% after 4th dose. Injection site reaction  was the most common AE (50.8% of AEs), with fatigue and malaise (18.1%), headache and migraine (8.6%), musculoskeletal discomfort (8.2%), and fever and chills (6.5%) also commonly reported. Multivariable logistic regression determined no associations between anti-S concentration and injection site reaction for all doses. Age above 65 years was associated with decreased injection site reaction following 1st and 3rd doses, while female sex and mRNA vaccine type were associated with increased injection site reaction following 1st and 2nd doses. Prior COVID-19 infection, IBD type, and medication class were not associated with injection site reaction with any dose. Only one participant was diagnosed with a severe AE requiring hospitalization: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) following 2nd dose of a Pfizer vaccination. No cases of IBD flare occurred within 30 days of vaccination.Table 1 describes AEs in individuals with IBD following 1AEs following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are generally mild and become less common with each consecutive dose. Antibody levels following each dose of the vaccine were not associated with injection site reactions. Females, those under 65 years of age, and those administered mRNA vaccines were more likely to experience an injection site reaction. Prior COVID-19 infection, IBD type, and IBD medication class did not predict injection site reactions. Vaccination was not associated with IBD flare within 30 days of vaccination.OtherHelmsleyA. Markovinovic: None Declared, M. Herauf: None Declared, J. Quan: None Declared, L. Hracs: None Declared, J. Windsor: None Declared, N. Sharifi: None Declared, S. Coward: None Declared, L. Caplan: None Declared, J. Gorospe: None Declared, C. Ma Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Pfizer, , Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Amgen, Ferring, Pfizer, Takeda, , Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Amgen, Ferring, Pfizer, Takeda, R. Panaccione Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Ferring, Janssen, Pfizer, Takeda, Consultant of: Abbott, AbbVie, Alimentiv, Amgen, Arena, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmos Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Oppilan Pharma, Pandion Therapeutics, Pandion Pharma, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Schering-Plough, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda, Theravance, UCB, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Arena, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Shire, Takeda, R. Ingram: None Declared, J. Kanji: None Declared, G. Tipples: None Declared, J. Holodinsky: None Declared, C. Berstein Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Janssen, Pfizer, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Takeda, D. Mahoney: None Declared, S. Bernatsky: None Declared, E. Benchimol: None Declared, G. Kaplan Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MButt, ASattar, TA, RH, MI, ASher, US, MBrestic, MZ, BSA, AMES, and ATKZ did not agree with the retraction. SU and KG either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article , 2 becauSK, DI, SI, ZH, and ATKZ did not agree with the retraction. NR, AW, AB, JA, MSA, and MRAG either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-019-50538-w, published online 01 November 2019Retraction of: The Authors have retracted this Article.Subsequent to the publication of a Correction , a numbeShady Kotb, Robert Pola, Michal Pechar, Rajiv Kumar, Bijay Singh, Reza Taleeli, Florian Trichard, Vincent Motto-Ros, Lucie Sancey, Alexandre Detappe, Sayeda Yasmin-Karim, Andrea Protti, Ilanchezhian Shanmugam, Thomas Ireland, Tomas Etrych, Srinivas Sridhar, Olivier Tillement, Mike Makrigiorgos, and Ross I. Berbeco agree with the retraction and its wording. Sijumon Kunjachan and Felix Gremse did not respond to the correspondence about this retraction."}
+{"text": "Editor-in-ChiefTibor F\u00fcl\u00f6p, MD, PhD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USADeputy EditorMih\u00e1ly Tapolyai, MD, PhD; FMC Hungary, Hatvan, HungaryAssociate EditorsBasic SciencesIstv\u00e1n Arany, PhD,CSc; University of Mississippi Medical Center (ret.), Jackson, Mississippi, USAClinical SciencesSohail Abdul Salim, MD; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USALajos Zsom, MD; FMC Hungary, Cegl\u00e9d, HungaryBiostatistics and Clinical EpidemiologyWisit Cheungpasitporn, MD; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USAEditorial Board Members:Anand Achanti, MD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USAAysen Akalin, MD; Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, TurkeyAndrea Angioi, MD; Azienda Ospedaliera G. Brotzu, Cagliari, ItalySebastjan Bevc, MD; University of Maribor, Maribor, SloveniaAna de Lurdes Agostinho Cabrita, MD, Faro, PortugalJorge Castaneda, MD; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USAOrsolya Cseprekal, MD, PhD; Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryErsin Fad\u0131ll\u0131o\u011flu, MD; Ankara, TurkeyAbduzhappar Gaipov, MD, PhD; Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan city, KazakhstanMehul P. Dixit, MD; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USANeville R. Dossabhoy, MD; Louisiana State University, Shreveport, LA, USAChristian A. Koch, MD, PhD; Fox-Chase Cancer Institute, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USAS. Mehrdad Hamrahian, MD; Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USACsaba Kopitko, MD, PhD; Uzsoki Utcai K\u00f3rh\u00e1z, Budapest, HungaryNicolas Hanset, MD; University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussels, BelgiumJolanta Malyszko, MD, PhD, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandMiklos Z. Molnar, MD, PhD; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USADr. Lovelesh Nigam, MD; Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, IndiaKen Sakai, MD, PhD; Toho University Faculty Medicine, Tokyo, JapanKarim M. Soliman, MD, MSc; Cairo University, Cairo, EgyptBlaithin A. McMahon, MD, PhD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USADaniela Ponce, MD, University of Sao Paulo State, UNESP \u2013 Botucatu, BrazilVinaya Rao, MD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USAL\u00e1szl\u00f3 Rosiv\u00e1ll, MD, PhD, DSc Med, Med habil.; Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryMichael E. Ullian, MD; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USAWisit Kaewput, MD; Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, ThailandStatistical Consultant Advisor:Zsolt Lengv\u00e1rszky, PhD; Louisiana State University Shreveport; Shreveport, LA, USAPrevious Editor:William F. Finn, MD - University of North Carolina, USA"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because AS, XW, TA, AS, MIjaz, SUA, MB, MAW, MC, SF, AQ, MJA, FA, and ATKZ did not agree with the retraction. MIrfan, SAA, MW, and KX either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-24608-5, published online 22 November 2022Correction to: In the original version of this Article the author R. Silva was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Instituto de F\u00edsica Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brasil\u2019 and \u2018International Institute of Physics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brasil\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below.Departamento de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59078-970, Brasil.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Current Treatment Options in Oncology (2022) 23:1503-152110.1007/s11864-022-01006-7The original version of this article, unfortunately, contained mistakes.The author list was arranged incorrectly. The correct sequence of authors is presented below:Jingqin Zhong, MDWangjun Yan, PhDChunmeng Wang, PhDWanlin Liu, MDXinyi Lin, MDZijian Zou, MDWei Sun, PhD*Yong Chen, PhD**Email: Yong Chen, chenyong@fudan.edu.cn; Wei Sun, wsun14@fudan.edu.cn"}
+{"text": "Journal of Occupational Health from October 1, 2021, to September 30, 2022.The Japan Society for Occupational Health expresses its sincere appreciation to the following volunteers for reviewing manuscripts for Ae, Ryusuke (Japan)Allison, Penelope J. (United States)Amadi Obasi, Cecilia Nwadiuto (Nigeria)Anami, Kunihiko (Japan)Arakawa, Ritsuko (Japan)Araki, Yoko (Japan)Berthelsen, Hanne (Sweden)Bocalini, Danilo (Brazil)Chang, Wushou (Taiwan)Cheng, Yawen (Taiwan)Craddock, Tina (United States)De Beer, Leon (South Africa)Du, Tanghuizi (Japan)Duarte, Joana (Sweden)Ebara, Takeshi (Japan)Eguchi, Hisashi (Japan)Eguchi, Yasumasa (Japan)Endo, Motoki (Japan)Endo, Shota (Japan)Ferri, Paola Fujii, Tomoko (Japan)Fujino, Yoshihisa (Japan)Fujisawa, Koichi (Japan)Fujita, Takako (Japan)Fujiwara, Takeshi (Japan)Fukushima, Noritoshi (Japan)Gatimu, Samwel (Kenya)Griep, Rosane (Brazil)Haga, Chiyori (Japan)Hama, Sarkawt (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)Hamamura, Toshitaka (Japan)Hara, Megumi (Japan)Harris, Mark N. Hayashi, Toshio (Japan)Heinonen, Noora (Finland)Hidaka, Tomoo (Japan)Hikichi, Hiroyuki (United States)Hiraku, Yusuke (Japan)Hirokawa, Kumi (Japan)Hisanaga, Naomi (Japan)Hori, Hajime (Japan)Hori, Hikaru (Japan)Horie, Seichi (Japan)Ichiba, Masayoshi (Japan)Ichihara, Gaku (Japan)Ichihara, Sahoko (Japan)Ikeda, Atsuko (Japan)Ikegami, Kazunori (Japan)Inaba, Ryoichi (Japan)Irigoyen\u2010Oti\u00f1ano, Mar\u00eda (Spain)Irokawa, Toshiya (Japan)Ishimaru, Tomohiro (Japan)Ishitake, Tatsuya (Japan)Ito, Yuki (Japan)Iwakiri, Kazuyuki (Japan)Iwata, Hiroko (Japan)Iwata, Toyoto (Japan)Izumi, Hiroyuki (Japan)Jang, Tae\u2010Won Jiang, Ying (Japan)Kabe, Isamu (Japan)Kajiki, Shigeyuki (Japan)Kakamu, Takeyasu (Japan)Kaltofen, Marco Paul Johann (United States)Kamijima, Michihiro (Japan)Kanamori, Satoru (Japan)Kang, Mo\u2010Yeol Katayama, Akihiko (Japan)Kawakami, Tsuyoshi (Switzerland)Kawamura, Yoko (Japan)Kawanami, Shoko (Japan)Kawashima, Masatoshi (Japan)Khalili, Arash Kido, Takamasa (Japan)Kim, Inah Kingma, Idsart (Netherlands)Kitamura, Hiroko (Japan)Kiyono, Ken (Japan)Kobayashi, Sumitaka (Japan)Kobayashi, Tomoko (Japan)Kobayashi, Yuka (Japan)Kondo, Naoki (Japan)Kozaki, Tomoaki (Japan)Kubo, Tomohide (Japan)Kudo, Yasushi (Japan)Kumagai, Shinji (Japan)Kuroda, Reiko (Japan)Kurosawa, Hajime (Japan)Kusama, Taro (Japan)Kuwahara, Keisuke (Japan)Lars, Van Tuin (Netherlands)Lee, Wanhyung Li, Yongxin (China)Lin, Ro\u2010Ting (Taiwan)Lu, Ming\u2010Lun (United States)Machida, Shuichi (Japan)Mafune, Kosuke (Japan)Massimi, Azzurra Masuda, Masashi (Japan)Matsugaki, Ryutaro (Japan)Michishita, Ryoma (Japan)Miyagawa, Naoko (Japan)Miyake, Yoshihiro (Japan)Miyamoto, Toshiaki (Japan)Miyauchi, Hiroyuki (Japan)Momma, Haruki (Japan)Mori, Koji (Japan)Morimoto, Yasuo (Japan)Morioka, Ikuharu (Japan)Morita, Manabu (Japan)Morita, Yusaku (Japan)Mulkhan, Unang (Indonesia)Murakami, Takahisa (Japan)Muraki, Satoshi (Japan)Murayama, Hiroshi (Japan)Mustafaoglu, Rustem (Turkey)Muto, Go (Japan)Nagano, Chikage (Japan)Nagata, Tomohisa (Japan)Nakamura, Mieko (Japan)Nishimura, Yoshito (Japan)Nogawa, Kazuhiro (Japan)Oda, Eiko (Japan)Odagiri, Yuko (Japan)Oe, Misari (Japan)Ogami, Akira (Japan)Ogawa, Masanori (Japan)Ohta, Masanori (Japan)Ojima, Jun (Japan)Ojima, Toshiyuki (Japan)Okazaki, Ryuji (Japan)Omiya, Tomoko (Japan)Oshio, Takashi (Japan)Ota, Atsuhiko (Japan)Otsuka, Yasumasa (Japan)Owari, Yutaka (Japan)Rabal\u2010Pelay, Juan (Spain)Revilla, Josefa Angelie (Philippines)Ruseski, Jane (United States)Sado, Mitsuhiro (Japan)Saengboonmee, Charupong (Thailand)Saijo, Yasuaki (Japan)Saito, Isao (Japan)Saitoh, Hiroyuki (Japan)Sakakibara, Keiko (Japan)Sasaki, Natsu (Japan)Sato, Yukihiro (Japan)Sawada, Shinichi (Japan)Shibata, Eiji (Japan)Shibata, Nobuyuki (Japan)Shibuya, Tomoaki (Japan)Shimanoe, Chisato (Japan)Shimura, Akiyoshi (Japan)So, Rina (Japan)Sugama, Atsushi (Japan)Sugawara, Norio (Japan)Sugiyama, Daisuke (Japan)Sun, Rui (Netherlands)Suwazono, Yasushi (Japan)Tabuchi, Takahiro (Japan)Tachi, Norihide (Japan)Tahara, Hiroyuki (Japan)Takahara, Ryuji (Japan)Takahashi, Masaya (Japan)Takahashi, Toru (Japan)Takaya, Mitsutoshi (Japan)Tamakoshi, Koji (Japan)Tanaka, Rie (Japan)Tani, Naomichi (Japan)Tanihara, Shinichi (Japan)Tateishi, Seiichiro (Japan)Tatemichi, Masayuki (Japan)Tatsumi, Yukako (Japan)Theodoro, Helo\u00edsa (Brazil)Togo, Fumiharu (Japan)Tokizawa, Ken (Japan)Tominaga, Maki (Japan)Tomonaga, Taisuke (Japan)Tr\u00e9panier, Sarah\u2010Genevi\u00e8ve (Canada)Tsuchiya, Masao (Japan)Tsuno, Kanami (Japan)Uchida, Mitsuo (Japan)Ueno, Satoru (Japan)Ueyama, Jun (Japan)Uitti, Jukka (Finland)Ukawa, Shigekazu (Japan)Van Wijk, Charles (South Africa)Vicente Herrero, Maria Teofila (Spain)Videira\u2010Silva, Antonio Vinnikov, Denis (Russian Federation)Wada, Hiroo (Japan)Wongrathanandha, Chathaya (Thailand)Wang, Faming (China)Wang, Rui\u2010Sheng (Japan)Watai, Izumi (Japan)Watanabe, Kazuhiro (Japan)Watanabe, Sintaroo (Japan)Weller, R. B. (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)Yamada, Keiko (Japan)Yamamoto, Naofumi (Japan)Yamauchi, Takashi (Japan)Yasaci, Zeynal (Turkey)Yoda, Takeshi (Japan)Yokoyama, Sumi (Japan)Yoshikawa, Etsuko (Japan)Yoshioka, Eiji (Japan)Zaitsu, Masayoshi (Japan)"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MAC, MAB, and MJA did not agree with the retraction. JSD, MIAR, SK, SR, ALV, SH, SMA, FMAZ, and KH either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Bioinformatics, Volume 38, Issue 15, 1 August 2022, Pages 3850\u20133852, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btac375This is a correction to: Philipp Wegner, Sebastian Schaaf, Mischa Uebachs, Daniel Domingo-Fern\u00e1ndez, Yasamin Salimi, Stephan Gebel, Astghik Sargsyan, Colin Birkenbihl, Stephan Springstubbe, Thomas Klockgether, Juliane Fluck, Martin Hofmann-Apitius, Alpha Tom Kodamullil, Integrative data semantics through a model-enabled data stewardship, https://data-steward.bio.scai.fraunhofer.de/data-steward instead of https://data-steward.bio.sca.fraunhofer.de/data-steward. This error has been corrected online.In the originally published version of the manuscript, there was an error in the Abstract. In the \u201cAvailability and implementation\u201d section, the link to where the DST is hosted should read"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MT, BA, MAdnan, IAM, SK, SF, MHS, MAli, MM, MAhmad, MR, and SA did not agree with the retraction. MSC and MAES either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "The safety profile of the novel oral JAK2/IRAK1 inhibitor pacritinib in patients with cytopenic myelofibrosis was described in the Phase 2 PAC203 and Phase 3 PERSIST\u20102 studies. To account for longer treatment durations on the pacritinib arms compared to best available therapy (BAT), we present a risk\u2010adjusted safety analysis of event rates accounting for different time on treatment. While the rate of overall events was higher on pacritinib compared to BAT, the rate of fatal events was lower, and there was no excess in bleeding, cardiac events, secondary malignancy, or thrombosis on pacritinib, including in patients with severe thrombocytopenia. This approval marks pacritinib as the third\u2010in\u2010class approved JAK inhibitor for patients with intermediate/higher risk MF, after ruxolitinib and fedratinib, and the only JAK inhibitor recommended for patients with severe thrombocytopenia, it is important to consider how new therapies will impact these risks. Recently, JAK inhibitors have come under increased scrutiny due to specific, emerging toxicities seen with drugs in this class, with the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) now requiring product label warnings regarding the increased risk of serious cardiac events, thromboses, cancer, deaths, and infections for all JAK inhibitors, including the JAK1/3 inhibitor tofacitinib and the JAK1/2 inhibitor baricitinib, agents approved currently in rheumatoid arthritis.), heart failure events , major adverse cardiac events , thrombotic events , bleeding events (by SMQ), infection events , and secondary malignancies . Risk\u2010adjusted incidence rates were reported per 100 patient\u2010years and were calculated as 100 \u00d7 (number of patients with an event)/.n\u00a0=\u00a0106 from PERSIST\u20102 and 54 from PAC203), and 98 patients were treated with BAT (including n\u00a0=\u00a044 with ruxolitinib). Baseline characteristics are shown in Table\u00a0A total of 160 patients were treated with pacritinib 200\u00a0mg BID , Patient Power, PharmaEssentia, Protagonist Therapeutics, Sanofi\u2010aventis, Stemline Therapeutics Inc., and Total CME; has served on scientific/advisory committees for Cancer.Net, CareDx, CTI BioPharma, EUSA Pharma Inc., Novartis, Pacylex, and PharmaEssentia; and reports speaker/preceptorship for AbbVie, Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation, Curio Science LLC, Dava Oncology, Imedex, Magdalen Medical Publishing, Medscape, Neopharm, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, Physician Education Resource (PER), Physicians Education Resource (PER), Postgraduate Institute for Medicine, and Stemline Therapeutics Inc. Claire Harrison received honoraria from AbbVie, CTI BioPharma, Geron, Janssen, and Novartis; has served in consulting/advisory capacity for AOP, Celgene/ BMS, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, CTI BioPharma, Galecto, Geron, Gilead, Janssen, Keros, Promedior, Roche, Shire, Sierra Oncology, and Novartis; has served on a speakers bureau for AbbVie, BMS, CTI BioPharma, Geron, Sierra Oncology, and Novartis; and has received research funding from BMS, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, and Novartis. Vikas Gupta has consulted for AbbVie, Celgene/BMS, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Pfizer, and Sierra Oncology; he has received honoraria from Celgene/BMS, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, and Novartis; and has served in consulting/advisory capacity for AbbVie, Celgene/BMS, Pfizer, and Roche. Srdan Verstovsek has consulted for BMS, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Incyte, Novartis, and Sierra Oncology; and has received researching funding from AstraZeneca, Blueprint Medicines, Celgene, CTI BioPharma, Genentech, Gilead, Incyte, Italfarmaco, Novartis, NS Pharma Inc., PharmaEssentia, Promedior, Protagonist Therapeutic, Roche, and Sierra Oncology. Bart Scott has consulted for Acceleron Pharma, Celgene, and Novartis; has served on speakers\u2019 bureaus for Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Celgene, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Novartis; has received honoraria from BMS, Incyte, and Taiho Oncology, and reports his institution receiving research funding from Celgene. Stephen T. Oh has consulted for AbbVie, Blueprint Medicines, Celgene/BMS, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, CTI BioPharma, Disc Medicine, Geron, Incyte, and PharmaEssentia; and has received research funding from Actuate Therapeutics, Blueprint Medicines, Celgene/BMS, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, CTI BioPharma, Incyte, Kartos Therapeutics, Sierra Oncology, and Takeda. Francesca Palandri received honoraria and has served in consulting/advisory capacity for AOP, Celgene, CTI BioPharma, Novartis, and Sierra Oncology. Haifa Kathrin Al\u2010Ali has received grants from BMS, Deutsche Leuk\u00e4mie und Lymphom Stiftung, and East German Study Group for Hematology and Oncology; and has consulted for AbbVie, AOP, Blueprint Medicines, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, and Takeda. Marta Sobas received honoraria and has served in consulting/advisory capacity for Celgene, CTI BioPharma, and Novartis. Mary Frances McMullin has served in consulting/advisory capacity for AbbVie, BMS, Incyte, Novartis, and Sierra Oncology; and has served on a speakers\u2019 bureau for AbbVie, AOP, Incyte, Pfizer, and Novartis. Ruben Mesa has consulted for Constellation Pharmaceuticals, LaJolla Pharmacuetical, Novartis, and Sierra Oncology; has received research support from AbbVie, Celgene, Constellation Pharmaceuticals, CTI BioPharma, Genotech, Incyte, Promedior, and Samus; and has received a P30 grant (Mays Cancer Center P30 Cancer Center Support Grant) from National Cancer Institute (CA054174). Sarah Buckley is employed by, owns stock in, and has received travel funding from CTI BioPharma. Karisse Roman\u2010Torres is employed by and owns stock in CTI BioPharma. Alessandro Vannucchi has served in consulting/advisory capacity and has served on speakers\u2019 bureaus for AbbVie, AOP, Blueprint Medicines, BMS, Incyte, and Novartis. Abdulraheem Yacoub has served in consulting/advisory capacity for AbbVie, Acceleron Pharma, Apellis, CTI BioPharma, Gilead, Incyte, Notable Labs., Novartis, Pfizer, PharmaEssentia, and Servier.PERSIST\u20102 and PAC203 were approved by the institutional review boards at each institution and conducted in accordance of the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because AA responded but expressed neither agreement nor disagreement with the editorial decision. SM, MSB, RU, MBilal, SK, MIL, MA, IA, MBrestic, ATKZ, EAAS, and AAH either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Error in Author ListIn the published article, there was an error in the author list; author Alberto Alonso was erroneously excluded. The corrected author list appears below.1*, Adriana Ayestaran1, Javier Serrano1, Mauricio Cambeiro1, Jacobo Palma1, Rosa Meiri\u00f1o1, Miguel A. Morcillo2, Fernando Lapuente3, Luis Chiva4, Borja Aguilar5, Diego Azcona5, Diego Pedrero5, Javier Pascau6, Jos\u00e9 Miguel Delgado1, Javier Aristu1, Alberto Alonso7 and Yolanda Prezado8,9Felipe A. Calvo1Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain2Medical Applications Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energ\u00e9ticas, Medioambientales y Tecnol\u00f3gicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain3Department of Surgery, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain4Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain5Department of Medical Physics, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain6Department of Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain7Department of Radiology, Unit of Vascular Surgery and Interventional Radiology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain8Translational Research Department. Institut Curie, Universit\u00e9 PSL, CNRS UMR, Inserm, Signalisation, Radiobiologie et Cancer, Orsay, France9Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR, Inserm, Signalisation, Radiobiologie et Cancer, Orsay, FranceAuthor Contributions StatementIn the Author Contributions statement in the published article, there was an error; author Alberto Alonso was erroneously excluded.This paragraph previously stated:Conceptualization: FC, JA, MC and YP. Data curation: FC, AA, JS, MC, JA, RM, JPas, FL, BA, LC, MM, JP, JD, and YP. Formal analysis: FC, JS, and JP. Investigation: FC, AA, MM, RM, BA, DP, DA, and YP. Methodology: JS, AA, DP, DA, and YP. Project administration: FC. Supervision: FC, JA, and AA. Writing-original draft: FC, AA, JS, and YP. Writing-review and editing: FC, YP, JA, JS, RM, JP, JPas, LC, DP, DA, and AA. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.The corrected paragraph appears below:Conceptualization: FC, JA, MC, and YP. Data curation: FC, AA, JS, MC, JA, RM, JPas, FL, BA, LC, MM, JP, JD, AAlon, and YP. Formal analysis: FC, JS, and JP. Investigation: FC, AA, MM, RM, BA, DP, DA, AAlon, and YP. Methodology: JS, AA, DP, DA, and YP. Project administration: FC. Supervision: FC, JA, and AA. Writing-original draft: FC, AA, JS, and YP. Writing review and editing: FC, YP, JA, JS, RM, JP, JPas, LC, DP, DA, AAlon, and AA. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Brain Communications, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2022, fcac032, https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcac032Antonino Errante, Alice Rossi Sebastiano, Settimio Ziccarelli, Valentina Bruno, Stefano Rozzi, Lorenzo Pia, Leonardo Fogassi, Francesca Garbarini, Structural connectivity associated with the sense of body ownership: a diffusion tensor imaging and disconnection study in patients with bodily awareness disorder, In the originally published version of this manuscript, there was an error in the This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MES, CO, MAsif, MAdnan, and ATKZ did not agree with the retraction. XW, MA, WW, KG, ON, and MJA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Precision Clinical Medicine, Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2022, pbac007, https://doi.org/10.1093/pcmedi/pbac007This is a correction to: Linghui Deng, Kun Jin, Xianghong Zhou, Zilong Zhang, Liming Ge, Xingyu Xiong, Xingyang Su, Di Jin, Qiming Yuan, Chichen Zhang, Yifan Li, Haochen Zhao, Qiang Wei, Lu Yang, Shi Qiu, Blockade of integrin signaling reduces chemotherapy-induced premature senescence in collagen cultured bladder cancer cells, In the originally published version of this manuscript, p53/p21 pathway was erroneously referred to as p21/p53 pathway in four places.This error has now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Empowered by NIH-supported platforms such as the Kids First Data Resource and the Childhood Cancer Data Initiative, the CBTN continues to expand the resources needed for scientists to accelerate translational impact for improved outcomes and quality of life for children with brain and spinal cord tumors.Pediatric brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children in the United States and contribute a disproportionate number of potential years of life lost compared to adult cancers. Moreover, survivors frequently suffer long-term side effects, including secondary cancers. The Children's Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) is a multi-institutional international clinical research consortium created to advance therapeutic development through the collection and rapid distribution of biospecimens and data via open-science research platforms for real-time access and use by the global research community. The CBTN's 32 member institutions utilize a shared regulatory governance architecture at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia to accelerate and maximize the use of biospecimens and data. As of August 2022, CBTN has enrolled over 4700 subjects, over 1500 parents,\u00a0and collected over 65,000 biospecimen aliquots for research. Additionally, over 80 preclinical models have been developed from collected tumors. Multi-omic data for over 1000 tumors and germline material are currently available with data generation for > 5000 samples underway. To our knowledge, CBTN provides the largest open-access pediatric brain tumor multi-omic dataset annotated with longitudinal clinical and outcome data, imaging, associated biospecimens, child-parent genomic pedigrees, and  Brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children and frequently result in substantial long-term morbidity and disability https://cbtn.org/), launched in 2011 as the Children's Brain Tumor Tissue Consortium (CBTTC), is to serve as a collaborative multi-institutional research consortium with a publicly-accessible biosample and data repository dedicated to the study and treatment of childhood brain tumors. CBTN seeks to address critical unmet needs for integrated, large-scale biospecimen, multi-omic, and longitudinally clinically-annotated resources. As of 2022, the CBTN comprises 32 member institutions within the United States, Italy, Switzerland, and Australia. To overcome the challenges of global, collaborative research and siloed resources, CBTN spearheaded the development of cloud-based informatics and data applications that allow researchers to access and collaboratively analyze datasets. As such, CBTN's foundation of \u201cInnovation through Collaboration\u201d is being realized through its creation of a state-of-the-art biorepository, innovative analytics platforms, and real-time sharing of data and specimens. By design, CBTN initiatives build upon the success of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Therapeutically Applicable Research To Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) consortia by further developing standards for the collection of specimens and\u00a0comprehensive longitudinal clinical data while addressing gaps in pediatric brain tumor representation in such resources. Recently, CBTN resources have contributed to the development of cross-disease resources such as the Gabriella Miller Kids First (GMKF) Data Resource and the NCI's Childhood Cancer Data Initiative (CCDI).The mission of the Children's Brain Tumor Network , the Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes One Registry (https://hmh-cdi.org/etmr/), the Chordoma Foundation (https://www.chordomafoundation.org/), and OligoNation (https://www.oligonation.org/). These collaborative efforts advance disease-specific research while harnessing CBTN's operational and research infrastructure.In addition, CBTN's cross-disease research platform supports the integration and management of partnered, disease-specific biospecimen and data resources including NF2 Biosolutions  includes matched tumor-normal whole genome sequencing (WGS), tumor RNA-Seq, methylation, and proteomics, as well as longitudinal clinical data, images , and pathology reports http://kidsfirstdrc.org/) enabling cross-disease analysis with other GMKF datasets or those hosted by NCI's cloud resources, such as TCGA and TARGET. In 2019, Researchers at D3b and Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation's Childhood Cancer Data Lab launched the Open Pediatric Brain Tumor Atlas (OpenPBTA). OpenPBTA is a first-in-kind, open-science, collaborative analysis and manuscript-writing effort to comprehensively analyze PBTA tumors https://moleculartargets.ccdi.cancer.gov/) developed with the CCDI in support of the Research to Accelerate Cures and Equity (RACE) for Children Act In partnership with CHOP's Center for Data Driven Discovery and Biomedicine (D3b) and the NIH GMKF Data Resource Center, the PBTA data has been integrated into cloud-based resources within the GMKF portal .Embedded in the mission and vision of CBTN is the notion that collaboration is key for accelerated discoveries required to improve clinical outcomes. CBTN has benefitted from many academic, commercial, government, and advocacy partnerships , empowerCBTN's successes to date are empowered by its commitment to partnering with families and advocates supporting the sharing of biospecimens and data on behalf of accelerating clinical translation. CBTN, together with its partners, has developed a combination of open-science governance and platform resources that support the largest, accessible genomic and proteomic pediatric brain tumor data repository annotated with longitudinal clinical data, pathology reports and histologic images, MRI reports and images, and available biospecimens and preclinical models.CBTN's support of > 300 research projects generated reagents, models, data, and publications that have, in turn, enriched the CBTN's offerings. Likewise, consortium-wide efforts towards foundational data generation like the OpenPBTA, in combination with cloud-based platforms, support a dynamic research ecosystem that continually increases the volume and rate of brain tumor research, accelerates the development of clinical trials, and provides decision support resources to improve the outcomes of children diagnosed with CNS tumors. Importantly, CBTN is also poised to help support enforcement of the RACE Act Past and present members of CBTN's Executive Council and CHOP's Brain Tumor Board of Visitors who inspired the creation and ensured the sustainability of CBTN are Alan Stalling, Jr., Al Gustafson, Al Musella, Amanda Haddock, Amy Summy, Amy Weinstein, Amy Wood, Andrea Gorsegner, Anita Nirenberg, Ann Friedholm, Bob Budlow, Caroline Court, Carrie Ann Stallings, Charles Genaurdi, Jr., Daniel Hare, Daniel Lipka, David Bovard, Dean Crowe, Deborah Eaise, Eliza Greenbaum, Gerald Kilhefner, Geralyn Ryerson, Ginny McLean, Graham Cox, Heather Ward, Hank Summy, James Blauvelt, James Minnick, James Ryerson, Jeannine Norris, Jessica Kilhefner, John Nilon, Kevin Eaise, Kim Hare, Kim MacNeill, Kim Wark, Kristen Gillette, Laura Cooke, Leigh Anna Lang, Lisa Ward, Liz Dawes, Mario Lichtenstein, Mark Mosier, Meghan Gleeson, Meghan Gould, Nancy Minnick, Nicole Giroux, Patti Gustafson, Patricia Genuardi, Paula Olson, Paul Touhey, Peter Norris, Richard Haddock, Robert Martin, Sarah Lilly, Scott Perricelli, Stacia Wagner, Stephanie Strotbeck, Stephanie Marvel, Stephan Ward, Sue Perricelli, Susan Funck, Timothy Court, Toni HeadTrisha Danze, W. Craig Marvel, and Wendy Payton.Past and present members of CBTN who contributed to the generation of biospecimens and clinical and/or genomic data are Adam A. Kraya, Adam C. Resnick, Alex Felmeister, Alexa Plisiewicz, Allison M. Morgan, Allison P. Heath, Amanda Toke, Ammar S. Naqvi, Avi Kelman, Alex Felmeister, Alex Gonzalez, Alyssa Paul, Amanda Saratsis, Amy Smith, Ana Aguilar, Ana Guerreiro St\u00fccklin, Anastasia Arynchyna, Andrea Franson, Angela J. Waanders, Angela N. Viaene, Anita Nirenberg, Anna Maria Buccoliero, Anna Yaffe, Anny Shai, Anthony Bet, Antoinette Price, Arlene Luther, Ashley Plant, Augustine Eze, Bailey K. Farrow, Baoli Hu, Beth Frenkel, Bo Zhang, Bonnie Cole, Brian M. Ennis, Brian R. Rood, Brittany Lebert, Caralyn Higginbottom, Carina A. Larouci, Carl Koschmann, Caroline Caudill, Caroline Drinkwater, Carrie Coleman-Campbell, Cassie N. Kline, Catherine Sullivan, Chanel Keoni, Chiara Caporalini, Christine Bobick-Butcher, Christopher Mason, Chunde Li, Claire L. Carter, Ciana Anthony, Claudia MaduroCoronado, Clayton Wiley, Colleen Raftery, Cynthia Wong, Dan Kolbman, David E. Kram, David Haussler, David Pisapia, David R. Beale, David Stokes, David S. Ziegler, Denise Morinigo, Derek Hanson, Donald W. Parsons, Elizabeth Appert, Emily Drake, Emily Golbeck, Emma Connell, Ena Agbodza, Eric H. Raabe, Eric M. Jackson, Erin Alexander, Esteban Uceda, Eugene Hwang, Fausto Rodriquez, Gabrielle S. Stone, Gary Kohanbash, Gavriella Silverman, George Rafidi, Gerald Grant, Gerri Trooskin, Gilad Evrony, Graham Keyes, Hagop Boyajian, Holly B. Lindsay, Holly C. Beale, Holly Sammartino, Ian Biluck, Ian F. Pollack, James Johnston, James Palmer, Jane Minturn, Jared Donahue, Jared Pisapia, Jason E. Cain, Jason R. Fangusaro, Javad Nazarian, Jeanette Haugh, Jeff Stevens, Jeffrey P. Greenfield, Jeffrey Rubens, Jena V. Lilly, Jennifer L. Mason, Jessica B. Foster, Jessica Cuba, Jessica Legaspi, Jim Olson, Jo Lynne Rokita, Joanna J. Phillips, Jonathan Waller, Josh Rubin, Judy E. Palma, Justin McCroskey, Justine Rizzo, Kaitlin Lehmann, Kamnaa Arya, Karlene Hall, Katherine Pehlivan, Ken Mosby, Kenneth Seidl, Kimberly Diamond, Komal S. Rathi, Kristen Harnett, Kristina A. Cole, Krutika S. Gaonkar, Kundan Kunapareddy, Lamiya Tauhid, Laura Prolo, Leah Holloway, Leslie Brosig, Lina Lopez, Lionel Chow, Madhuri Kambhampati, Mahdi Sarmady, Madison L. Hollawell, Margaret Nevins, Mari Groves, Mariarita Santi-Vicini, Marilyn M. Li, Marion Mateos, Mateusz Koptyra, Matija Snuderl, Matthew Miller, Matthew Sklar, Matthew D. Wood, Meghan Connors, Melissa Williams, Meredith Egan, Michael D. Kelly, Michael Fisher, Michael Koldobskiy, Michelle Monje, Migdalia Martinez, Miguel A. Brown, Mike Prados, Mike Wilder, Miriam Bornhorst, Mirko Scagnet, Mohamed AbdelBaki, Monique Carrero-Tagle, Nadia Dahmane, Nalin Gupta, Namrata Choudhari, Natasha Singh, Nathan Young, Nicholas A. Vitanza, Nicholas Tassone, Nicholas Van Kuren, Nicolas Gerber, Nithin D. Adappa, Nitin Wadhwani, Noel Coleman, Obi Obayashi, Olena M. Vaske, Olivier Elemento, Oren Becher, Parimala Killada, Phanindra Kuncharapu, Philbert Oliveros, Phillip B. Storm, Pichai Raman, Prajwal Rajappa, Remo Williams, Rintaro Hashizume, Rishi R. Lulla, Robert Keating, Robert M. Lober, Robert (Bobby) Moulder, Ron Firestein, Sabine Mueller, Sameer Agnihotri, Samuel G. Winebrake, Samuel Rivero-Hinojosa, Sarah Diane Black, Sarah Leary, Schuyler Stoller, Shannon Robins, Sharon Gardner, Shelly Wang, Sherri Mayans, Sherry Tutson, Shida Zhu, Sofie R. Salama, Sonia Partap, Sonika Dahiya, Sriram Venneti, Stacie Stapleton, Stephani Campion, Stephanie Stefankiewicz, Stewart Goldman, Susan Jones, Swetha Thambireddy, Tatiana S. Patton, Teresa Hidalgo, Theo Nicolaides, Thinh Q. Nguyen, Thomas W. McLean, Tiffany Walker, Toba Niazi, Tobey MacDonald, Valeria Lopez-Gil, Valerie Baubet, Whitney Rife, Xiao-Nan Li, Xiaoyan Huang, Ximena P. Cuellar, Xu Zhu, Yiran Guo, Yuankun Zhu, and Zeinab Helil.Jena V. Lilly: Writing \u2013 original draft, Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Jo Lynne Rokita: Writing \u2013 original draft, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing \u2013 review & editing, Investigation, Data curation. Jennifer L. Mason: Writing \u2013 original draft, Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources, Investigation. Tatiana Patton: Writing \u2013 review & editing, Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Stephanie Stefankiewiz: Project administration, Methodology, Writing \u2013 original draft. David Higgins: Project administration, Methodology, Resources. Gerri Trooskin: Project administration, Methodology, Funding acquisition. Carina A. Larouci: Data curation, Resources. Kamnaa Arya: Project administration, Writing \u2013 original draft, Resources. Elizabeth Appert: Data curation, Resources, Writing \u2013 original draft. Allison P. Heath: Software, Validation, Visualization. Yuankun Zhu: Software, Validation, Visualization. Miguel A. Brown: Software, Validation, Visualization. Bo Zhang: Software, Validation, Visualization. Bailey K. Farrow: Project administration, Validation, Visualization. Shannon Robins: Data curation, Resources, Investigation. Allison M. Morgan: Data curation, Resources, Project administration. Thinh Q. Nguyen: Data curation, Resources, Investigation. Elizabeth Frenkel: Data curation, Resources, Investigation. Kaitlin Lehmann: Data curation, Resources, Project administration. Emily Drake: Data curation, Resources, Investigation. Catherine Sullivan: Data curation, Resources, Supervision. Alexa Plisiewicz: Data curation, Resources, Project administration. Noel Coleman: Data curation, Resources, Project administration. Luke Patterson: Data curation, Resources, Project administration. Mateusz Koptyra: Project administration, Supervision, Resources, Methodology. Zeinab Helili: Data curation, Resources, Supervision. Nicholas Van Kuren: Data curation, Validation, Visualization. Nathan Young: Data curation, Validation, Visualization. Meen Chul Kim: Data curation, Software, Validation. Christopher Friedman: Data curation, Validation, Software. Alex Lubneuski: Software, Validation, Visualization. Christopher Blackden: Software, Validation, Visualization. Marti Williams: Data curation, Resources, Project administration. Valerie Baubet: Resources, Methodology, Project administration. Lamiya Tauhid: Resources, Methodology. Jamie Galanaugh: Data curation, Resources. Katie Boucher: Resources, Methodology. Heba Ijaz: Resources, Methodology. Kristina A. Cole: Resources, Methodology. Namrata Choudhari: Resources, Methodology. Mariarita Santi: Supervision, Resources, Project administration. Robert W. Moulder: Project administration, Resources. Jonathan Waller: Project administration, Resources. Whitney Rife: Project administration, Resources. Sharon J. Diskin: Formal analysis. Marion Mateos: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Donald W. Parsons: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Ian F. Pollack: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Stewart Goldman: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Sarah Leary: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Chiara Caporalini: Data curation, Resources. Anna Maria Buccoliero: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Mirko Scagnet: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. David Haussler: Project administration, Supervision, Formal analysis. Derek Hanson: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Ron Firestein: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Jason Cain: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Joanna J. Phillips: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Nalin Gupta: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources, Writing \u2013 review & editing. Sabine Mueller: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Gerald Grant: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Michelle Monje-Deisseroth: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Sonia Partap: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Jeffrey P. Greenfield: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Rintaro Hashizume: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Amy Smith: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Shida Zhu: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. James M. Johnston: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Jason R. Fangusaro: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Matthew Miller: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Matthew D. Wood: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources, Writing \u2013 review & editing. Sharon Gardner: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Claire L. Carter: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Laura M. Prolo: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Jared Pisapia: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Katherine Pehlivan: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Andrea Franson: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Toba Niazi: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Josh Rubin: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Mohamed Abdelbaki: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. David S. Ziegler: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Holly B. Lindsay: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Ana Guerreiro Stucklin: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Nicolas Gerber: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Olena M. Vaske: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Carolyn Quinsey: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Brian R. Rood: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources, Writing \u2013 review & editing. Javad Nazarian: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Eric Raabe: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Eric M. Jackson: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Stacie Stapleton: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Robert M. Lober: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. David E. Kram: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Carl Koschmann: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources, Writing \u2013 review & editing. Phillip B. Storm: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Rishi R. Lulla: Writing \u2013 original draft, Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Michael Prados: Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources, Writing \u2013 review & editing. Adam C. Resnick: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources. Angela J. Waanders: Writing \u2013 original draft, Project administration, Supervision, Data curation, Resources, Writing \u2013 review & editing.The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.David S. Ziegler is a consultant, or on the advisory board, of Bayer, AstraZeneca, Accendatech, Novartis, Day One, FivePhusion, Amgen, Alexion, and Norgine. Angela J. Waanders is on the advisory board of Alexion and Day One."}
+{"text": "Desmopachria Babington, 1841 are described from multiple species groups. Two new species groups are erected, the Desmopachriaapicodente species group and the Desmopachriabifurcita species group. Desmopachriadivergenssp. nov. (Venezuela), Desmopachrialineatasp. nov. (Venezuela), Desmopachriasurinamensissp. nov. (Suriname), and Desmopachriatenuasp. nov. (Guyana) are described in Desmopachria but are not assigned to a species group. Desmopachriaapicodentesp. nov. , Desmopachrialateralissp. nov. (Venezuela), and Desmopachriatumidasp. nov. (Venezuela) are described in the new Desmopachriaapicodente species group and are the only members of the group. Desmopachriabifurcitasp. nov. (Peru), and Desmopachrialatasp. nov. (Brazil) are described in the new Desmopachriabifurcita group. Other members of the Desmopachriabifurcita group are Desmopachriabifasciata Zimmermann, Desmopachriabolivari Miller, Desmopachriaovalis Sharp, and Desmopachriavarians (each previously \u201cungrouped\u201d). Desmopachriapseudocaviasp. nov. (Venezuela) is described in the Desmopachriaconvexa-signata species group. Desmopachriawolfeisp. nov. (Venezuela) is described in the Desmopachrianitida species group. Desmopachriaangulatasp. nov. , Desmopachriaemarginatasp. nov. , Desmopachriaimparissp. nov. (Guyana), Desmopachriaimpunctatasp. nov. , and Desmopachriatruncatasp. nov.  are described in the Desmopachriaportmanni-aldessa species group. Desmopachriabisulcatasp. nov. (Suriname), and Desmopachriairregularasp. nov. (Venezuela) are described in the Desmopachriaportmanni-portmanni species group. Desmopachriarobustasp. nov. (Venezuela) is described in the Desmopachriastriola species group. A key to the species groups is included. Male genitalia are figured for all new species and dorsal habitus images are provided for most new species.Nineteen new species of  Dytiscidae) genus Desmopachria Babington includes approximately 133 species prior to this paper  have rather distinctive synapomorphies and are likely monophyletic, there are many species that are not currently well-placed into them, which is partly what led to the obliteration of the subgenera and the recognition of an \u201cungrouped\u201d collection of species .MIZAMuseo del Instituto de Zoolog\u00eda Agr\u00edcola Francisco Fern\u00e1ndez Y\u00e9pez, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela (L. Joly).MSBAMuseum of Southwestern Biology Division of Arthropods, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA (K.B. Miller).NZCSNational Zoological Collection of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname (P. Ouboter).USNMUnited States National Collection of Insects, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA (C. Micheli).Desmopachria species do not have the distinctive synapomorphies of the various species groups recognized by Desmopachria (Desmopachria) Babington, but that subgenus does not exhibit a clear synapomorphy, instead it is a collection of species that do not have features present in other subgroups of Desmopachria. The following new species also do not fit into any of the defined species groups and are placed among the ungrouped Desmopachria.Many Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraDytiscidae\ufeffB315FC3A-8513-56A5-80EF-E3130F847C99http://zoobank.org/BEF901E2-265C-4401-8121-57E66ED970DF4\u00b058.838'N 67\u00b044.341'W.Venezuela, Amazonas State, Communidad Ca\u00f1o Gato on Rio Sipapo, Desmopachriaportmanni species group. This makes it somewhat similar to specimens in the Desmopachriaubangoides species group, but Desmopachriadivergens lacks the sexually dimorphic anterior clypeal margins of that group ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum moderately short, lateral margins short, distinctly curved with continuous narrow bead, similar width throughout; surface shiny, very finely, evenly punctate. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent, densely and evenly punctate. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially flattened, apically broadly rounded. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, finely, sparsely, and evenly punctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, finely, sparsely, and evenly punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in ventral aspect very broad, lateral margins linear to very broad, truncate apex . This species is similar to members of the Desmopachriaportmanni group, especially Desmopachriagrammosticta Braga & Ferreira\u2011Jr., which also has linear series of elytral punctures. However, Desmopachrialineata does not have the characteristic sexually dimorphic prosternal process of the Desmopachriaportmanni species-group (including Desmopachriagrammosticta). The prosternal process in males of Desmopachrialineata is not bifurcate with a medial pit, instead it is similar to the process in females. This is an unusual species in that it appears phonetically similar to members of the Desmopachriaportmanni group, but it lacks the bifid male prosternal process. It is certainly possible that the character states and relationships among these taxa is more complicated than currently understood. It seems clear that investigation of the utility and diversity of these and other characters among this group of Desmopachria should be investigated in the future.This species is distinct in having coarse punctation on the pronotum and elytron with many punctures on the elytron arranged in distinctive longitudinal linear series, often confluent such that linear grooves are formed Fig. . The malMeasurements.TL = 2.6\u20132.8 mm, GW = 1.9\u20132.0 mm, PW = 1.4\u20131.5 mm, HW = 1.0 mm, EW = 0.5\u20130.6 mm, TL/GW = 1.4, HW/EW = 1.8. Body large for genus, very broad, rounded, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins slightly continuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra anterior at ca. midlength of body ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, broadly curved, more so anteriorly, with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, coarsely punctate medially and along most of anterior margin, less punctate lateromedially, punctures irregular, some confluent. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent, irregular, many punctures confluent forming distinctive longitudinal lines and grooves. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, low medial tubercle, apical portion broad basally with broad basal U-shaped region and concave slender apical process emerging from between branches of U, apically narrowly rounded. Metaventrite broad and evenly convex medially, surface shiny, coarsely punctate, punctures forming longitudinal, linear series; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, evenly and coarsely punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, most of surface coarsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in dorsal aspect short and broad, < 1/2 length of lateral lobe, apex slightly broadened, apically truncate with rounded lateral margins, medially very finely emarginate,  and having a very distinctive, flattened bead along the anterior clypeal margin. However, Desmopachriasurinamensis lacks the apical tooth on the lateral lobe characteristic of the Desmopachriaapicodente group (see below). The male genitalia are distinctive. The median lobe in ventral aspect is elongate, broad, and comprised of long, slender, evenly curved lateral margins with a thin region in between ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, of even width throughout length; surface shiny, nearly impunctate medially, punctate around margins, punctation somewhat variable, with few larger punctures. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, somewhat more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation fine, some punctures anteromedially on elytron forming moderately distinct longitudinal linear series; laterally with distinctive longitudinal rounded ridge extending posteriorly from humeral angle ~ 1/3 length of elytron. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially flattened, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, ~ 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe comprised of slender lateral margins between which is a membranous region, in lateral aspect entire median lobe broad, shallowly curved to rounded apex ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, finely, indistinctly punctate. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, finely punctate throughout. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and moderately broad, medially concave, apically pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, very finely punctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, extremely finely punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect long, extremely slender, and slightly curved, slightly expanded subapically on dorsal surface, apex narrowly pointed Desmopachriabalfourbrownei Young, 1990 \u2013 Brazil (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2014)Desmopachriabarackobamai Makhan, 2015 \u2013 French Guiana. Although described as being near Desmopachriageijskesi, this species appears more likely to be in the Desmopachriaubangoides species-group given the shape of the genitalia and the seemingly prominent male anterior clypeal margin in the illustrations provided  is characterized by the lateral lobe with a distinctive apical socketed spur or \u201ctooth\u201d that is directed apicomedially  has a distinctive longitudinal lateral rounded tumidity, but this species lacks the apical tooth on the lateral lobe  also has two similar spurs apically on the lateral lobe.obe Fig. . It is nTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraDytiscidae\ufeff474981F0-5664-5E72-93DC-CC66BB5259DFhttp://zoobank.org/55AFEE8C-DD1B-4E19-9B34-FB6DABA69C926\u00b030.900'N, 67\u00b032.604'W.Venezuela, Apure State, between Orinoco and Cinaruco Rivers, Desmopachria species (TL = 1.7\u20131.8 mm). The dorsal color pattern is distinctive with a large dark brown region on the elytron medially near the suture and with a large, diffuse pale macula apicomedially and along the lateral margins to the apex ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine, of the same size and evenly distributed, posterior margin slightly sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, punctation small, some punctures arranged into indistinct series, especially anteromedially. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially flattened; prosternal process short, broad, flattened, apically pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter very large, longer than length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, surface impunctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect moderately broad, elongate, straight, and of even width to sharply pointed apex, apically slight curved ventrad . The dorsal color pattern is distinctive in many specimens with most of the elytron brown with a broad region longitudinally along the suture dark brown ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine over most of surface, larger and denser posteromedially. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, punctation variable, some punctures arranged into indistinct series, especially anteromedially  Altamira (ca 60km S.) 11 Oct 2986 P.Spangler & R.Crombie/\u2026\u201d Each paratype with different barcode labels . Desmopachrialateralis also has a prominent lateral longitudinal elytral tumidity, but that species has differently shaped male genitalia ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, gently curved with continuous narrow marginal bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine, of the same size and evenly distributed except more coarsely punctate posteromedially. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved, lateral margin distinctly sinuate at humeral angle, with distinct lateral tumidity extending posteriorly from humeral angle  is characterized by the median lobe very short and stout and the lateral lobes long, broad, flattened, and medially bent dorsad . The group does not have many other similarities. Some are dorsally maculate, others are not. They are of somewhat variable shape. More investigation will be needed to determine the naturalness of this grouping. In addition, other species of Desmopachria also have similar genitalia. Desmopachriachei Miller has diagnostically similar genitalia (Desmopachriastriola species group (Desmopachriamendozana (Steinheil) also has similar genitalia .Peru, Jun\u00edn, Sani Beni. The type locality is ambiguous. According to Desmopachria have the median lobe short with long, medially bent lateral lobes like Desmopachriabifurcita, including Desmopachriabifasciata Zimmermann, Desmopachriabolivari Miller, Desmopachriachei Miller, Desmopachrialata sp. nov., Desmopachriavarians Wehncke, and Desmopachriaovalis Sharp. Among these, Desmopachriabifurcita is the only one with a bifid median lobe ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, impunctate medially, punctate around margins, punctation variable, fine to course. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, concave, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, moderately and irregularly punctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, evenly punctate, punctures evenly distributed. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect extremely short, apically distinctly bifid, each branch apicolaterally pointed, ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, impunctate medially, finely punctate around margins. Elytron very broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent, moderately fine. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and moderately broad, medially evenly convex, apically broadly pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines indistinct, slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, evenly, finely punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect short, slightly curved, apically simple; in ventral aspect short, slender, parallel-sided to narrowly rounded apex . Also, although both species are extremely small diving beetles, Desmopachriapseudocavia (TL = 1.1\u20131.2 mm) are even smaller than Desmopachriacavia .This species belongs to the obe Fig. . Specimeiad Fig. . In DesmMeasurements.TL = 1.1\u20131.2 mm, GW = 0.8 mm, PW = 0.6 mm, HW = 0.4\u20130.5 mm, EW = 0.2 mm, TL/GW = 1.4\u20131.5, HW/EW = 2.3\u20132.4. Body broad, ovoid, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra at midlength of body ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, curved with continuous narrow bead of even width throughout; surface shiny, impunctate to very finely and sparsely punctate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, very finely and sparsely punctate. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small, sharp medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, concave, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate; abdominal sternite VI with medial longitudinally oval depression with field of setae around margins ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, sublinear with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, impunctate medially, punctation denser along anterior and posterior margins, punctation fine. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apical blade short and broad, basally transversely carinate, medially concave, apically broadly pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, very finely and sparsely; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, very finely and sparsely punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male genitalia complex; median lobe elongate in lateral aspect, broad basally, medially constricted, broadly sinuate, apex strongly curved dorsal, apically pointed .Desmopachriacurseenae Miller & Wolfe, 2018 \u2013 SurinameDesmopachriadarlingtoni Young, 1989 \u2013 Jamaica, Cuba, Haiti, ColombiaDesmopachriadelongi Miller & Wolfe, 2018 \u2013 SurinameDesmopachriadraco Miller, 1999 \u2013 Bolivia, Brazil (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2010)Desmopachriagingerae Miller & Wolfe, 2018 \u2013 VenezuelaDesmopachriagranoides Young, 1986 \u2013 Brazil (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2014), Bolivia, Suriname, Venezuela, TrinidadDesmopachriagyrationi Miller & Wolfe, 2018 \u2013 GuyanaDesmopachriahardyae Miller & Wolfe, 2018 \u2013 GuyanaDesmopachriakemptonae Miller & Wolfe, 2018 \u2013 VenezuelaDesmopachrialeptophallica Braga & Ferreira-Jr., 2014 \u2013 BrazilDesmopachrialiosomata Young, 1986 \u2013 BrazilDesmopachrialloydi Miller & Wolfe, 2018 \u2013 BoliviaDesmopachriamargarita Young, 1990 \u2013 Panama, Brazil? (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2014).Desmopachrianitida Babington, 1841 \u2013 BrazilDesmopachrianitidoides Young, 1990 \u2013 ParaguayDesmopachriaphacoides Guignot, 1950 \u2013 Paraguay, BoliviaDesmopachriapsarammo Miller, 1999 \u2013 BoliviaDesmopachriarhea Miller, 1999 \u2013 BoliviaDesmopachriasinghae Miller & Wolfe, 2018 \u2013 VenezuelaDesmopachriasubnotata Zimmermann, 1921 \u2013 Brazil (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2010).Desmopachriasubtilis Sharp, 1882 \u2013 BrazilDesmopachriavohrae Miller & Wolfe, 2018 \u2013 VenezuelaDesmopachriawolfei sp. nov. \u2013 VenezuelaDesmopachriazelota Young, 1990 \u2013 BrazilDiagnosis. The Desmopachriaportmanni group is well characterized morphologically by males with a bifid prosternal process with a deep medial pit , but others are not (the Desmopachriaportmanni-portmanni subgroup). Other species in Desmopachria are iridescent but lack the forked, pitted process and are not included in the Desmopachriaportmanni group (see Desmopachriadivergens sp. nov. (described above). There are also additional species that have similar genitalia  Young) and those without dorsal iridescence (the subgenus Desmopachria (Portmannia) Young). Given the exceptional uniqueness of the forked prosternal feature, Desmopachriaportmanni species group. Another group, the Desmopachriaubangoides species group sensu Desmopachria (Hintonia) Young) exhibits dorsal iridescence, like some species in the Desmopachriaportmanni group. These species seem rather different in other ways since they lack the forked prosternal process and have male genitalia that are not consistent with the relatively simple structures present in the Desmopachriaportmanni group. Their genitalia are relatively more complex and differently shaped. Also, the anterior clypeal margin is sexually dimorphic. In males it is strongly modified, flattened, and upturned, whereas in females it is beaded, but not so conspicuously modified. For this reason, they are still regarded here as a separate species group (the Desmopachriaubangoides species group). Prior to this paper 23 species were assigned to the Desmopachriaportmanni group (Nilsson 2016).Desmopachriaportmanni group (Desmopachria (Portmannia) Young), Desmopachriaportmanni-aldessa subgroup and the Desmopachriaportmanni-portmanni subgroup (see below).Within the Desmopachriaportmanni group (as Desmopachria (Portmannia) Young to be found mainly in higher elevations rather than lowland tropics. This may be true in North and Central American species but does not appear to be entirely consistent with northern South American species.Desmopachria, these are still tiny diving beetles occurring in a variety of habitats, but especially in tropical forest pools and streams. It should be noted that no specific adaptive significance is known for either the uniquely forked and deeply pitted male prosternal process nor the dorsal iridescence of specimens of both sexes of many species. Although somewhat larger than many other Desmopachria in general ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, broadly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation fine, slightly irregular in size, few larger punctures; posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, conspicuously punctate, punctures dual with fine and large interspersed. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines sinuate, strongly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect with basal portion broad and rounded, apically long and slender, medially conspicuously bent, with distinctive subapical lobe on ventral surface , CSBD and SEMC (from Guyana), and MSBA (various), each with different barcode labels . The elytra are more distinctly punctate than most species with distinctive dual punctation. Also, the elytra are very noticeably iridescent in most specimens, but a series from Raleighfallen Nature Preserve, Sipaliwini District, Suriname (NZCS) are less conspicuously iridescent. These specimens are similar in size, punctation and male genitalia, however. The male genitalia are most similar to Desmopachriaimpunctata, but the apical emargination in the median lobe is relatively deeper and in lateral aspect the apex is not distinctly hooked ventrad  than Desmopachriaimpunctata (TL = 1.8\u20131.9 mm).This species includes some of the largest specimens in the group ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous marginal bead; surface shiny, impunctate medially, but laterally and posteriorly with fine punctation. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved and rounded; surface shiny, prominently punctate, punctures dual, some larger, some smaller, interspersed. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate or with few extremely minute punctures laterally; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, ~ 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate or with few extremely fine punctures. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, impunctate, some specimens with few very fine punctures.Male genitalia. Male median bilaterally symmetrical, in lateral aspect elongate, evenly broad, evenly and broadly curved on both dorsal and ventral margins, apex linear and apically broadly rounded ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, extremely finely and sparsely punctate, posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved and rounded; surface shiny, punctate, punctures dual, mostly larger, interspersed with smaller ones. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate medially, shallowly and minutely punctate laterally and posteromedially; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface irrorate, somewhat opalescent. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, somewhat opalescent, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe slightly but distinctly asymmetrical; in lateral aspect long, evenly broad, evenly and broadly curved on both dorsal and ventral margins, apex narrowly rounded  labeled same as holotype except with different specimen barcode labels  and each with \u201c\u2026PARATYPE Desmopachriaimparis Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border].\u201dHolotype in Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraDytiscidae\ufeff504C87B0-41C5-5B09-B60F-F95FA9368BBAhttp://zoobank.org/8248D6E7-C6F1-43F0-B298-704E02A9F4D404\u00b040.910'N, 56\u00b011.138'W.Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Raleighfallen Nature Reserve, Voltzberg Trail, Desmopachria specimens in this group (TL = 1.8\u20131.9 mm). The elytra are more finely and indistinctly punctate than many species and punctures are of only a single, fine size. Also, the elytra are only slightly iridescent. The male genitalia are most similar to Desmopachriaemarginata  than Desmopachriaemarginata (TL = 2.0\u20132.2 mm).This species includes medium-sized ata Figs , but therad Figs , 61. AlsMeasurements.TL = 1.8\u20131.9 mm, GW = 1.2\u20131.3 mm, PW = 1.0\u20131.1 mm, HW = 0.6\u20130.7 mm, EW = 0.4\u20130.5 mm, TL/GW = 1.5\u20131.6, HW/EW = 1.7\u20131.8. Body very broadly oval, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins slightly discontinuous between pronotum and elytron.Coloration. Head orange to orange yellow. Pronotum evenly yellow, in most specimens paler in color than head or elytron. Elytron evenly brownish orange, iridescent, especially laterally and apically. Ventral surface of head, prosternum, head appendages, and pro- and mesolegs yellow, other ventral surfaces and metalegs orange.Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus broadly curved, flattened, finely margined with conspicuous, continuous narrow bead; surface of head shiny, extremely finely and sparsely punctate; eyes moderately large (HW/EW = 1.7\u20131.8); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous marginal bead; surface shiny, extremely finely and sparsely punctate, posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved and rounded; surface shiny, extremely minutely punctate, punctures of even size, somewhat denser along elytral suture. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate medially, shallowly and minutely punctate laterally and posteromedially; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/2 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, very finely punctate. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median bilaterally symmetrical, in lateral aspect elongate, evenly broad, evenly and broadly curved on both dorsal and ventral margins, apex slightly curved ventrad, pointed ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, broadly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine, irregular, sparse; posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, punctate, punctures dual, fine and large interspersed, without linear series. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect elongate, evenly curved, apically narrowly rounded , TrinidadDesmopachriaanastomosa sp. nov. \u2013 GuyanaDesmopachriaangulata sp. nov. \u2013 Guyana, SurinameDesmopachriaaurea Young, 1980 \u2013 Brazil (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2014), SurinameDesmopachriaemarginata sp. nov. \u2013 SurinameDesmopachriaimparis sp. nov. \u2013 GuyanaDesmopachriaimpunctata sp. nov. \u2013 SurinameDesmopachriairidis Young, 1980 \u2013 BrazilDesmopachrianovacula Young, 1980 \u2013 SurinameDesmopachriatruncata sp. nov. \u2013 Guyana, Suriname.Diagnosis. Within the Desmopachriaportmanni species-group, these species have the dorsal surface not iridescent.Comments. These species tend to be either dorsally distinctly maculate or evenly darkly colored, but all without iridescence, but males have a distinctive bifid prosternal process with a medial pit as with all Desmopachriaportmanni-species.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraDytiscidae\ufeffF4A9B5E0-F1E4-525E-862E-E776AF77F196http://zoobank.org/2F6FFF06-FD08-423A-97E4-890185DAB3DA2\u00b022.259'N 56\u00b041.227'W, 229m.Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Camp 3, Werehpai, SE Kwamala, Desmopachriabisulcata display iridescence. In some specimens of both males and females the dorsum is matte, with a microreticulation that obscures the punctation. Other species with similar male median lobe shapes are Desmopachriairidis and Desmopachriaanastomosis, but specimens of each of these are dorsally iridescent, whereas those of Desmopachriabisulcata are not.This species has a relatively simple median lobe that is slender, elongate, and curved in lateral aspect, and broad basally and apically evenly narrowed to a narrowly rounded apex in ventral aspect Figs , 67. TheMeasurements.TL = 2.0\u20132.1 mm, GW = 1.4\u20131.5 mm, PW = 1.0\u20131.1 mm, HW = 0.7\u20130.8 mm, EW = 0.4\u20130.5 mm, TL/GW = 1.4, HW/EW = 1.9\u20132.0. Body very broad, laterally rounded, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron; dorsoventrally compressed.Coloration. Head and pronotum evenly orange-red, same coloration. Elytron evenly brownish orange, not iridescent. Ventral surfaces evenly orange-red.Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus finely margined with continuous flattened narrow bead; surface of head shiny, but matte; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.9\u20132.0); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, broadly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface matte to shiny, but punctation very fine, of the same size and evenly distributed, posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface matte or, less commonly, shiny; punctation very fine, of the same size and evenly distributed across most of elytron, when punctate, dual with a few minute, interspersed punctures laterally. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface matte, finely and irregularly punctate laterally; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface matte, finely, evenly punctate, not iridescent. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect slender, evenly curved on both ventral and dorsal margins to narrowly pointed apex ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, shallowly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine and sparse over most of surface, punctation large and dense posteromedially, posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, punctation dual, mostly large, relatively dense, with fewer fine punctures interspersed. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, very finely punctate, not iridescent. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; male metafemur curved ventrally with conspicuous series of short setae long entire margin. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, finely punctate.Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect irregular, ventral margin abruptly expanded submedially, evenly convexly curved in apical 2/5, ventral margin with large, apically subtruncate lobe medially, apex slight broadened, apex subtruncate Desmopachriamutata Sharp, 1882 \u2013 Brazilnomen novum for Desmopachriabryanstoni Sharp, 1882Desmopachrianiger Zimmermann, 1923 \u2013 Brazil ; antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, impunctate medially, very finely and indistinctly punctate around margins. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, extremely finely punctate across surface; with distinctive subsutural stria, or groove, extending most of length of elytron Desmopachriaatropos Miller & Wolfe, 2019 \u2013 VenezuelaDesmopachriachei Miller, 1999 \u2013 BoliviaDesmopachriachlotho Miller & Wolfe, 2019 \u2013 SurinameDesmopachriaferrugata R\u00e9gimbart, 1895 \u2013 BrazilDesmopachriafossulata Zimmermann, 1928 \u2013 Brazil (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2014)Desmopachriagrouvellei R\u00e9gimbart, 1895 \u2013 Mexico, Argentina, Paraguay?Desmopachrialachesis Miller & Wolfe, 2019 \u2013 Guyana, Suriname, VenezuelaDesmopachriarobusta sp. nov. \u2013 VenezuelaDesmopachriaruginosa Young, 1990 \u2013 BrazilDesmopachriastriola Sharp, 1887 \u2013 Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2010), Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad, USA (Florida), Venezuela.Diagnosis. This group is characterized by the anterior metatibial spine serrate (D. (Nectoserrula) Guignot, 1949  \u2013 Argentina.Desmopachriapunctatissima Zimmermann, 1923 \u2013 ArgentinaDesmopachriavicina Sharp, 1887 \u2013 MexicoDiagnosis. These are iridescent Desmopachria without a forked male prosternum and with the anterior clypeal margin dimorphic, more developed in male (= Desmopachria (Hintonia) Young, 1980 .Diagnosis. These are iridescent Desmopachria without a forked male prosternum and with the anterior clypeal margin dimorphic and more developed in males (= Desmopachria (Hintonia) Young, 1980 (ng, 1980 Comments. New species have been described recently in this group (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2014; Desmopachriaaphronoscelus Miller, 1999 \u2013 BoliviaDesmopachriaflavida Young, 1981 \u2013 Mexico.Desmopachriaglabricula Sharp, 1882 \u2013 Guatemala.Desmopachrialeechi Young, 1981 \u2013 USA, Florida.Desmopachriastethothrix Braga & Ferreira Jr., 2014 \u2013 Brazil.Desmopachriastrigata Young, 1981 \u2013 Brazil.Desmopachriavolatidisca Miller, 2001 \u2013 Bolivia.Desmopachriavolvata Young, 1981\u2013 Panama.Desmopachriazimmermani Young, 1981 \u2013 Mexico."}
+{"text": "Bioinformatics, Volume 38, Issue 5, 1 March 2022, Pages 1420\u20131426, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btab822This is a correction to: Andrew Cox, Chanhee Park, Prasad Koduru, Kathleen Wilson, Olga Weinberg, Weina Chen, Rolando Garc\u00eda, Daehwan Kim, Automated classification of cytogenetic abnormalities in hematolymphoid neoplasms, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the funder was incorrectly identified as the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Health. This should be the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas.This error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because JD agreed with the retraction. MZA, HIA, AG, ZS, BA, SA, AJ, and JAN did not agree with the retraction. AAA-G, MSE, and HD either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Upon the original publication of the below listed articles, the Data Availability statement was inadvertently omitted. This erratum has been published to address the omission and note that the statements have been instated for the following papers:Back to the vinyl age: a narrative report of a total computer blackout at a large university medical centreLorenz H. Lehmann and Benjamin MederEuropean Heart Journal - Digital Health, Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2021, Pages 167\u2013170, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjdh/ztab006Voice-based screening for SARS-CoV-2 exposure in cardiovascular clinicsAbhinav Sharma, Emily Oulousian, Jiayi Ni, Renato Lopes, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Julie Label, Filipe Henriques, Claudia Lighter, Nadia Giannetti, and Robert AvramEuropean Heart Journal - Digital Health, Volume 2, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 521\u2013527, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjdh/ztab055"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MI, AN, SUA, MAW, and KH did not agree with the retraction. ASher, ASattar, MS, IH, AUR, and MJA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-12568-9, published online 20 May 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted affiliations for Dariusz Plewczynski. The correct affiliations are listed below.The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06030, USACentre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, S. Banacha 2c, 02-097, Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, PolandThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Anderson, Sahaya J. Pravinkumar, Robert Van Der Meer and Itamar Megiddo"}
+{"text": "Brain Communications, Volume 5, Issue 1, 2023, fcad005, https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcad005This is a correction to: Jarred M Griffin, Sonia Hingorani Jai Prakash, Till Bockem\u00fchl, Jessica M Benner, Barbara Schaffran, Victoria Moreno-Manzano, Ansgar B\u00fcschges, Frank Bradke, Rehabilitation enhances epothilone-induced locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury, In the originally published version of this manuscript online, the link to Video 1 was lacking in the supplementary data file. This lacuna has been supplied in the article online."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because AH, MA, MY, MWA, HMZUG, and PV did not agree with the retraction. ZA, NAR, AR, SS, NL, KF, KT, SJ, SHS, and MJA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because IA, SI, TJ, AT, MK, QS, KM, and MHS did not agree with the retraction. HMA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Acta Neuropathologica Communications (2022) 10:143 10.1186/s40478-022-01446-0Following publication of the original article , the autThe incorrect author names are: Misove Adela, Vicha Ales, Broz Petr, Vanova Katerina, Sumerauer David, Stolova Lucie, Sramkova Lucie, Koblizek Miroslav, Zamecnik Josef, Kyncl Martin, Holubova Zuzana, Liby Petr, Taborsky Jakub, Benes Vladimir III, Pernikova Ivana, Jones T. W. David, Sill Martin, Stancokova Terezia, Krskova Lenka and Zapotocky MichalThe correct author names are: Adela Misove, Ales Vicha, Petr Broz, Katerina Vanova, David Sumerauer, Lucie Stolova, Lucie Sramkova, Miroslav Koblizek, Josef Zamecnik, Martin Kyncl, Zuzana Holubova, Petr Liby, Jakub Taborsky, Vladimir Benes III, Ivana Pernikova, David T. W. Jones, Martin Sill, Terezia Stancokova, Lenka Krskova and Michal ZapotockyThe author group has been updated above and the original article  has been"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because AY, NK, MA, WS, MH, and AN did not agree with the retraction. ZFR, HASA, KAM, TSA, SA, and SHQ either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Cerebral Cortex Communications, Volume 3, Issue 2, 2022, tgac019, https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgac019Stephen Green, PhD, Keerthana Deepti Karunakaran, PhD, Ke Peng, PhD, Delany Berry, BS, Barry David Kussman, MBBCh, Lyle Micheli, MD, David Borsook, MD, PhD, Measuring \u201cpain load\u201d during general anesthesia, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the third author's name, Ke Peng, was mistakenly omitted.Also, the authors' affiliations have been updated.1. The Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States.2. Departement en Neuroscience, Centre de Recherche du CHUM, l'Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al Montreal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada3. Departments of Orthopedics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States.4. Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA, 02114, United States.These errors have been corrected."}
+{"text": "In the manuscript \u201cStrategies to optimize MEDLINE and EMBASE search strategies for anesthesiology systematic reviews. An experimental study\u201d, published in the Sao Paulo Med J. 2018 Jan 15:0. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0277100917. [Epub ahead of print]:Where it read:\u201cVolpato ESN, Betini M, Puga ME, Agarwal A, Cataneo AJM, Oliveira LD, Ferreira RP, Bazan R, Braz LG, Pereira JEG, Dib RE\u201dIt should read:\u201cVolpato ESN, Betini M, Puga ME, Agarwal A, Cataneo AJM, Oliveira LD, Bazan R, Braz LG, Pereira JEG, El Dib R\u201d"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because AG, AA, RAslam, RAmir, FM, TSB, MI, MAN, SF, and MABZ did not agree with the retraction. MS and FSB either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because SA, YL, MM, MS, and ATKZ did not agree with the retraction. IUH, WA, MZS, MMK, YN, TF, OM, and MJA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because KD, PS, SH, RD, SAhmad, AAH, and SD did not agree with the retraction. AK, IAM, BK, SAli, and MAA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Molecular Psychiatry 10.1038/s41380-022-01616-5, published online 14 June 2022Correction to: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.The article \u201cObesity and brain structure in schizophrenia \u2013 ENIGMA study in 3021 individuals\u201d, written by Sean R. McWhinney, Katharina Brosch, Vince D. Calhoun, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Nicolas A. Crossley, Udo Dannlowski, Erin Dickie, Lorielle M. F. Dietze, Gary Donohoe, Stefan Plessis, Stefan Ehrlich, Robin Emsley, Petra Furstova, David C. Glahn, Alfonso Gonzalez- Valderrama, Dominik Grotegerd, Laurena Holleran, Tilo T. J. Kircher, Pavel Knytl, Marian Kolenic, Rebekka Lencer, Igor Nenadi\u0107, Nils Opel, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Amanda L. Rodrigue, Kelly Rootes-Murdy, Alex J. Ross, Kang Sim, Anton\u00edn \u0160koch, Filip Spaniel, Frederike Stein, Patrik \u0160vancer, Diana Tordesillas-Guti\u00e9rrez, Juan Undurraga, Javier V\u00e1quez-Bourgon, Aristotle Voineskos, Esther Walton, Thomas W. Weickert, Cynthia Shannon Weickert, Paul M. Thompson, Theo G. M. Erp, Jessica A. Turner, Tomas Hajek, was originally published electronically on the publisher\u2019s internet portal on 14 June 2022 without open access. With the author(s)\u2019 decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 20 May 2022 to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2022 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit"}
+{"text": "Bioinformatics, Volume 38, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 3141\u20133142, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btac195This is a correction to: Isuru Liyanage, Tony Burdett, Bert Droesbeke, Karoly Erdos, Rolando Fernandez, Alasdair Gray, Muhammad Haseeb, Simon Jupp, Flavia Penim, Cyril Pommier, Philippe Rocca-Serra, M\u00e9lanie Courtot, Frederik Coppens, ELIXIR biovalidator for semantic validation of life science metadata, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the acknowledgement section was incomplete. The authors acknowledge Danielle Welter\u2019s contribution to the conception and development of the graph restriction framework.This error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Aesthetic Surgery Journal Open Forum, Volume 4, 2022, ojac084, https://doi.org/10.1093/asjof/ojac084This is a correction to: Hani Y Nasr, MD, Carter J Boyd, MD, MBA, Zachary M Borab, MD, Neil M Vranis, MD, Michael F Cassidy, BA, Alexis K Gursky, BS, Rebecca Gober, BA, Barry M Zide, MD, DMD, Daniel J Ceradini, MD, Productivity and Efficiency of a Department Resident Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Clinic, In the originally published version of this manuscript the images used for figures two and four were inadvertently swapped. There is no change to the associated captions.This error, for which the publisher apologizes, has been corrected."}
+{"text": "In the originally published version of this manuscript, there were errors in the order of the affiliations. These errors have been corrected.This is a correction to: Yi Wang, Jun Xie, Hongna Zhang, Weidong Li, Zhanjun Wang, Huayang Li, Qian Tong, Gaixia Qiao, Yujuan Liu, Ying Tian, Yongzan Wei, Ping Li, Rong Wang, Weiping Chen, Zhengchang Liang, Meilong Xu, The genome of Prunus humilis provides new insights to drought adaption and population diversity, DNA Research, Volume 29, Issue 4, August 2022, dsac021,"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because DR, NAB, and MYK either did not respond directly or could not be reached. PR, MM, AAH, RMS, BH, HAEE, SZH, and RZS did not agree with the retraction."}
+{"text": "The aim of this article is to compare the aims, measures, methods, limitations, andscope of studies that employ vendor-derived and investigator-derived measures ofelectronic health record (EHR) use, and to assess measure consistency acrossstudies.We searched PubMed for articles published between July 2019 and December 2021 thatemployed measures of EHR use derived from EHR event logs. We coded the aims, measures,methods, limitations, and scope of each article and compared articles employingvendor-derived and investigator-derived measures.P\u2009=\u2009.002) and only by physicians or advanced practice providers. Studies employing vendor-derivedmeasures were also more likely to measure durations of EHR use(P\u2009<\u2009.001 for 6 different activities), but definitions of measuressuch as time outside scheduled hours varied widely. Eight articles reported measurevalidation. The reported limitations of vendor-derived measures included measuretransparency and availability for certain clinical settings and roles.One hundred and two articles met inclusion criteria; 40 employed vendor-derivedmeasures, 61 employed investigator-derived measures, and 1 employed both. Studiesemploying vendor-derived measures were more likely than those employinginvestigator-derived measures to observe EHR use only in ambulatory settings (83% vs48%, Vendor-derived measures are increasingly used to study EHR use, but only by certainclinical roles. Although poorly validated and variously defined, both vendor- andinvestigator-derived measures of EHR time are widely reported.The number of studies using event logs to observe EHR use continues to grow, but withinconsistent measure definitions and significant differences between studies that employvendor-derived and investigator-derived measures. From measuring the impact ofpolicy and pandemic on EHR use,EHR event logs are a diverse set of computer-generated files that track EHR operation anduse. These logs track system events, which may be prompted by user actions  or events internal to the EHR . All certified EHRs are required to maintain at least 1 event log to supportaudits of record access; an \u201caudit log\u201d tracking when users view, edit, or print any portionof a patient record. Many EHRs also maintain additional event logs tracking specific useractivities such as note writing or inbox messaging. For example, many EHRs maintain logstracking how text templates are used to write documents such as notes . Together, these diverse event logsenable investigators to constantly and passively collect data on EHR use without the costsor biases of surveys or direct observation.However, raw EHR event logs contain tremendous amounts of data. A year of raw event logsfor a single institution can reach 100s of Gigabytes, making them difficult to store,access, and analyze. These logs must also be heavily processed to derive meaningful measuressuch as the time clinicians spend using the EHR. More concretely, creating time-basedmeasures requires making nontrivial decisions about how to map individual actions toclinical activities  and how to handle gaps between recorded actions .Several EHR vendors now automatically derive measures of EHR use from event logs\u2014typicallysummarized by week or month\u2014and present them to administrators in interactivedashboards.We previously reviewed the literature published before July 2019 in which investigatorsderived their own measures of EHR use from EHR audit logs.The objective of this scoping review is to compare the aims, measures, methods,limitations, and scope of studies that employ vendor-derived and investigator-derivedmeasures of EHR use, and to assess measure consistency across studies.https://osf.io/h6d7j). Weincluded peer-reviewed articles which (1) reported original research, (2) analyzed measuresderived from EHR event logs, and (3) were published between July 2019 and December 2021. Werestricted our search to this period to avoid overlapping with the prior review,We followed PRISMA guidelines for this scoping review and registered our protocol with theOpen Science Framework . While most vendor-measure studies (83%)observed EHR use exclusively in ambulatory settings,,,,P\u2009<\u2009.001). While vendor-measurestudies only ever included physicians or advanced practice providers (APPs), a third ofinvestigator-measure studies (34%) included all EHR users who performedthe observed activity,,,,,,P\u2009=\u2009.025) and to observeoverall EHR use, rather than only collect data on a specific activity such as note writingor inbox management . The mediannumber of participants  and organizations observed were not significantly different between vendor-measureand investigator-measure studies. However, 6 vendor-measure studies included data frommore than 100 health systems, while just 1 investigator-measure study did.We observed several significant differences in the scope of studies employing vendor andinvestigator-derived measures .First, measured an amount of EHR use ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,P\u2009<\u2009.001). Vendor-measure studies were more likely tocharacterize EHR or clinical workflows, such as when EHR activitieswere performed during the day , whileinvestigator-measure studies were more likely to characterize teamdynamics, for example, using record coaccess to determine which cliniciansroutinely worked together .We coded study aims using the 3 aims of EHR log research identified in the prior review.11 Aims ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,P\u2009<\u2009.001).Most studies were observational (91 articles) while a minority were experimental (11articles). Nine of the observational studies examined associations between EHR use and anoutcome in the cohort of observed users such as burnout,P\u2009<\u2009.001). Second, novendor-measure study created clinician networks while 9 investigator-measure studies did.The prior review of EHR audit log research identified 5 general measures that can bederived from EHR logs.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,P\u2009<\u2009.001 in each case). While all vendor-measure studies reportedat least 1 duration of active EHR use , just 28% ofinvestigator-measure studies did so, with the remainder reporting specific measuresrelated to counts of EHR actions , the structure of clinical teams , or theduration of clinical events .Looking at specific measures of EHR use reported in each study reveals additionaldifferences, particularly regarding durations of EHR use . Reportepm\u20138:30am and 12:30 pm\u20131:30 pm, 5:30 pm\u20137 am, 6pm\u20136 am, 6 pm\u20137 am, 7 pm\u20137 am, 7pm\u20138 am, and 7:30 pm\u20137:30 am).,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Definitions of what constituted EHR use outside normal working hours varied . Twenty-,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,A variety of denominators were used to normalize measures of EHR time. The most frequentdenominator was days (31 articles) including days in a reporting period, days with ascheduled appointment/shift, weekdays, or weekend days/holidays.,,,,P\u2009=\u2009.008), but there were no significant differences in the reportingof undivided attention or message volume, though the number of studies reporting eithermeasure was low.Five articles measured teamwork for orders,Two decisions analysts make when creating time-based measures from EHR logs are (1) howto determine when a user is actively using the EHR and (2) how to map individual actions,such as clicking on an information panel, to activities such as inbox management or chartreview. We review how these methods were reported and validated.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,P\u2009=\u20091.000), but there were differences in method. The vendor-measurestudies all used Epic\u2019s 5-s threshold to identify periods of inactivity or Cerner\u2019s methodof defining active use as either actions occurring less than 45 seconds apart orperforming more than 15 keystrokes, 3 mouse clicks, or 1700 pixels of mouse movement in aminute. Investigator-measure studies used a wider range of methods to determine active EHRuse including timeouts for inactivity  and lookingfor any activity in 1- or 5-min blocks of time.While 70 articles measured a duration of time,These differences in how active EHR use was defined, combined with differences in howmeasures were normalized, limit comparison of EHR times across studies, especially studiesthat rely on investigator-derived measures . While 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,P\u2009=\u2009.370).Of the 37 articles that reported durations of EHR use for specific activities such asinbox management or chart review,P\u2009=\u2009.473).,,,,,,,,,,,,Eight articles reported the results of measure validation, with no difference inreporting between vendor-measure and investigator-measure studies . Seventeen articles argued thatcurrent measures may systematically underestimate EHR use,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Reviewed articles also raised 8 new limitations not identified in the prior review. Fourof these limitations related to measure accuracy and granularity, each of which wasmentioned in both investigator-measure and vendor-measure studies with no difference inreporting rates (P\u2009<\u2009.05 in each case). Seven articles cited difficulties withinterpreting proprietary vendor-derived metrics,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Four additional limitations referenced measure interpretability and scope. While theselimitations were mentioned in both vendor-measure and investigator-measure studies, thefirst 3 limitations were raised more often in vendor-measure studies. Studies employing vendor-derived measures were more likely to report durationsof EHR use while those employing investigator-derived measures were more likely to examinecommunication and collaboration in care teams. While most studies reported a duration ofactive EHR use , variation in how active use was defined and how measureswere normalized  limit comparison across studies,especially studies employing investigator-derived measures. And while all studies based onevent logs share a common set of strengths and limitations, studies employingvendor-derived measures were more likely to raise concerns about measure opacity ,misalignment with typical clinic schedules, and measure availability for certain clinicalroles.This scoping review updates a prior review of audit log research and expands it toinclude all research based on EHR event logs,Vendor-provided measures remove many of the barriers to conducting log-based research butare limited in scope. The reviewed studies only reported vendor-derived measures forphysicians and advanced practiced providers, and most of these only measured EHR use inambulatory settings. However, the work of nurses, medical assistants, students,technicians, scribes, and other team members\u2014many of whom experience significantdocumentation burden\u2014should not be overlooked.Vendor-provided measures automate the process of turning strings of logged events intodurations of EHR use. However, vendor-provided measures are largely lacking for constructssuch as workflow and teamwork. Given the strong association between EHR time outsidescheduled hours and physician burnout,While widely reported, durations of active EHR use  are variouslydefined, which limits synthesis of evidence on critical topics such as documentationburden and its link to burnout. This was particularly true of studies that employedinvestigator-derived measures, most of which had unique definitions of active EHR use.Vendor-derived measures enable greater consistency across studies, though differentvendors use different methods of defining and normalizing EHR time, making cross-vendorcomparison difficult.criterion validity of measures they employ , aswell as content validity  and construct validity . The number of uniquedefinitions of EHR time outside scheduled hours . Dr ERM is supported by grants and contracts from the National Instituteon Drug Abuse, American Medical Association, and Agency for Healthcare Research and Qualityunrelated to this work. Funding for open access publishing was provided by the Sarah M.Pritchard Faculty Support Fund.AR and NCA contributed to the research design, data analysis, and manuscript preparation.ERM contributed to the research design and manuscript preparation.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Associationonline.ocac177_Supplementary_DataClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Xya riparia, Genome Biology and Evolution, Volume 14, Issue 1, January 2022, evac001, https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evac001.Xiaolei Feng, Nan Yang, Qilu Wang, Hao Yuan, Xuejuan Li, Muhammad Majid, Xue Zhang, Chengquan Cao, Yuan Huang, A Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of the Pygmy Mole Cricket https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19336391.v1.In the originally published version of this manuscript, the Data Availability section was incomplete. Another 3 files, including all data of genome assembly and annotations, are available on figshare, and can be accessed at This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "BJS Open, Volume 6, Issue 5, October 2022, zrac115, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsopen/zrac115This is an erratum to: Ryusei Yamamoto, Teiichi Sugiura, Ryo Ashida, Katsuhisa Ohgi, Mihoko Yamada, Shimpei Otsuka, Takeshi Aramaki, Koiku Asakura, Katsuhiko Uesaka, Preoperative risk factors for early recurrence after resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, Statistical analyses section was erroneously given as 0.005.In the originally published version of this manuscript, the P value in the The correct P value is 0.050.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC) exerts a significant burden on patients\u2019 lives. Patients with UC report that bowel urgency has a substantial negative impact on their quality of life and psychosocial functioning, however, this symptom is missing from most disease activity indices.The Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) study aims to increase understanding of the impact of symptoms, including bowel urgency, on the lives of patients (pts) with moderate to severe UC and Crohn\u2019s disease in the United States (US), Europe (EUR), and Japan. These data focus on pts in the US and EUR.Online, quantitative, cross-sectional surveys of pts with moderate to severe UC were conducted in the US and EUR . Data included pt perspectives on their UC symptoms and the impact on their daily lives. Moderate to severe UC was defined based on treatment, steroid use, and/or hospitalization history. Descriptive statistics summarise the data.200 US pts  and 556 EUR pts  completed the survey, with 77% and 54% currently receiving advanced therapies , respectively. The top 3 symptoms currently (past month) experienced by US and EUR pts were diarrhoea (63% and 50%), bowel urgency (47% and 30%) and increased stool frequency (39% and 30%). In past 3 months, pts who have ever experienced bowel urgency or urge incontinence reported bowel urgency  and urge incontinence  at least once a month (Table). 69% and 65% of all US and EUR pts, respectively, reported wearing a diaper/pad/protection at least once a month in the past 3 months due to fear/anticipation of urge incontinence. For pts receiving advanced therapies, similar patterns were observed. Among both US and EUR pts, the most common UC-related reasons for declining participation in social events were bowel urgency (43% and 30%) and fear of urge incontinence (40% and 32%). Similarly, the most common reasons for declining participation in work/school and sports/physical exercise were bowel urgency and fear of urge incontinence.Bowel urgency, which was the second-most frequently reported symptom, has an extensive impact on the lives of pts with moderate to severe UC. In this younger pt population, including pts receiving advanced therapies, almost two thirds of US and EUR pts reported wearing diapers/pads/protection at least once a month in the past 3 months due to fear/anticipation of urge incontinence. Both US and EUR pts reported bowel urgency and fear of urge incontinence as the top reasons for declining participation in social events, work/school, and sports/physical exercise.OtherEli Lilly and CompanyS. Schreiber Grant / Research support from: personal fees and/or travel support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos NV, Gilead Sciences, I-MAB Biopharma, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Provention Bio, Roche, Sandoz/Hexal, Shire, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, and UCB Pharma, A. Bleakman Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, M. Dubinsky Shareholder of: Trellus Health, Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, and Prometheus Biosciences, Consultant of: AbbVie, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Pfizer, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Takeda, and UCB Pharma, D. Rubin Grant / Research support from: Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Allergan, AltruBio, American College of Gastroenterology, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Athos Therapeutics, Bellatrix Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene/Syneos Health, Cornerstones Health (non-profit), Eli Lilly and Company, Galen/Atlantica, Genentech/Roche, Gilead Sciences, GoDuRn, InDex Pharmaceuticals, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Iterative Scopes, Janssen, Materia Prima, Pfizer, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Reistone Biopharma, Takeda, and TechLab, T. Hibi Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Activaid, Alfresa Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., JMDC, Nippon Kayaku, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Pfizer Japan, and Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Apo Plus Station, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, EA Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Nichi-Iko Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Takeda, and Zeria Pharmaceutical, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Aspen Japan K.K., Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, JIMRO, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, and Takeda, R. Panaccione Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Pfizer, and Takeda, Consultant of: Abbott, AbbVie, Alimentiv, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmo Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos NV, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Oppilan Pharma, Pandion Therapeutics, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, and UCB Pharma, T. Gibble Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Kayhan Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, E. Flynn Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Sapin Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Atkinson Consultant of: Eli Lilly and Company in connection with the development of this publication, Employee of: Adelphi Real World, S. Travis Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, BUHLMANN Diagnostics, ECCO, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Normal Collision Foundation, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, Schering-Plough, Takeda, UCB Pharma, Vifor Pharma, and Warner Chilcott, J. Jones: None Declared"}
+{"text": "Haiming Zhang, Shipeng Li, Haixu Xu, Liying Sun, Zhijun Zhu, Zhi Yaohttps://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.25First published: 20 August 2020, In the process of checking the raw data"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because TH, SD, OL, TB, SF, HA, ST, EK, RD, OM, and MB did not agree with the retraction. JH, AK, PS, and GSH either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Epidemiologia was able to uphold its high standards for published papers due to the outstanding efforts of our reviewers. Thanks to the efforts of our reviewers in 2022, the median time to first decision was 37.5 days and the median time to publication was 60.5 days. Regardless of whether the articles they examined were ultimately published, the editors would like to express their appreciation and thank the following reviewers for the time and dedication that they have shown Epidemiologia:\u00c1gnes, CsivincsikMadadizadeh, FarzanAli, AshaqMancon, AlessandroAl-sayyed, HibaMa\u0144czuk, MartaArguni, EggiManne, KartikAtalan, AbdulkadirMansor, RozaihanBaccolini, ValentinaMcCartney, GerryBailey, EmilyMendy, Vincent LutherBanerjee, AnkonaMilenkovi\u0107, BranislavaBie\u0144kowski, CarloMonteiro, Lu\u00edsButt, Muhammad HammadM\u00fa\u00f1ez, ElenaBuzhilova, Alexandra P.Mu\u00f1oz-Garc\u00eda, Claudia I.Canora Lebrato, JesusNi\u0161avi\u0107, Jakov J.Cardoso, RodrigoNovozhilov, Artem S.Cerda, ArcadioOtrisal, PavelChodick, GabrielPanthee, BimalaDa Mota, Jurema Corr\u00eaaPertea, MihaelaDartnall, ElizabethPrasad, VibhuDelgado-Gallegos, Juan LuisPrestileo, TullioDianatinasab, MostafaRamalho, Alanderson AlvesDileepan, MythiliRizzo, EmanueleEl Hidan, Moulay AbdelmonaimRocha, Ian Christopher N.Elfaky, MahmoudRodic, AndjelaFal, AndrzejRodr\u00edguez-Hurtado, DianaFilho, Arnaldo Jorge MartinsS\u00e0, FilipaFranco, ChristianSanz Mu\u00f1oz, IvanGanusov, VitalySchultz, DavidGarcia Cabrera, EmilioSilva, C\u00e2ndidaGentile, St\u00e9phanie G.Silva, Gustavo Sousa E.Gupta, RituSilverii, Antonio GiovanniGutkowska, OlgaSong, KunGyawali, BishalSzczepaniak, KlaudiuszIoan\u0103\u0219, CorinaTakita, MorihitoIqhrammullah, MuhammadThevkar Nagesh, PrashanthIslam, Md. TaohidulTok, Peter Seah KengJagielska, AnnaTroup, LucyJain, Hemant KUllah, QudratJin, YingUpadhyay, Sushil K.Jur\u010dev Savi\u010devi\u0107, AnamarijaVilinov\u00e1, Katar\u00ednaKapczuk, PatrycjaVillani, Emanuele RoccoKarmaoui, AhmedWaap, HelgaKundnani, Nilima RajpalWang, BoL\u0103zureanu, Voichi\u021ba ElenaYakoob, Mohammad YawarLi, XinleiYin, XinL\u00f3pez-Garc\u00eda, Xos\u00e9Zhang, TianouLundin, RebeccaZincir, HandanHigh-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because ZAD, SAD, SL, AI, SHW, MB, and MJA did not agree with the retraction. JAK, AAL, BAL, RHK, JR, SA, and SAA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Yang Han, Xin Huang, Xiaoyu Cao, Yuchen Li, Lei Gao, Jin Jia,Gang Li, Hejiang Guo, Xiaochang Liu, Hongling Zhao, Hua Guan, Pingkun Zhou,Shanshan GaoMedComm \u00a0https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.123, published online 22 March 2022Correction to:\u00a0In the process of checking the raw data,"}
+{"text": "The Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) study aims to increase understanding of the impact of symptoms on patients with moderate to severe UC and Crohn\u2019s disease and to investigate gaps in communication with healthcare professionals (HCPs) in the United States (US), Europe (EUR), and Japan.This report focuses on patients with moderate to severe UC and HCPs from the US and EUR.Online, quantitative, cross-sectional surveys of patients with UC and HCPs were conducted in the US and EUR . HCP surveys included physicians and non-physician HCPs responsible for making prescribing decisions. Moderate to severe UC was defined based on treatment, steroid use, and/or hospitalization history. Data collected included perspectives on the experience of patients with UC.A total of 200 US  and 556 EUR patients , and 200 US and 503 EUR HCPs completed the survey. According to US and EUR patients, the top 3 symptoms currently (past month) experienced were diarrhoea (63% and 50%), bowel urgency (47% and 30%) and increased stool frequency (39% and 30%). Blood in stool was reported as currently experienced by 27% and 24% of US and EUR patients, respectively. Among patients currently experiencing bowel urgency, 47% of US and 27% of EUR patients discuss this symptom at every appointment. Among those who do not discuss bowel urgency at every appointment, 74% and 75% of US and EUR patients would like to discuss this symptom more frequently with their HCP. A total of 30% and 43% of US and EUR patients that ever experienced bowel urgency were not comfortable reporting it to their HCP, with 62% and 58% of these US and EUR patients feeling embarrassed talking about this symptom (Table). HCPs in both the US and EUR ranked diarrhoea (74% and 65%), blood in stool (69% and 65%) and increased stool frequency (38% and 34%) as the top 3 symptoms most reported by patients. According to US and EUR HCPs, the top 4 symptoms proactively discussed in routine appointments were blood in stool (93% and 94%), diarrhoea (90% and 91%), increased stool frequency (82% and 82%) and bowel urgency (76% and 82%). Among HCPs who did not proactively discuss bowel urgency, 47% of US and 40% of EUR HCPs expect patients to bring this up if it is an issue.Communication gaps were similar between US and EUR patients and HCPs. Bowel urgency is the second-most reported symptom by patients with moderate to severe UC. However, this symptom is not among the HCP-perceived top 3 most reported symptoms. Although a substantial proportion of patients reported a desire to discuss bowel urgency more frequently with their HCP, some patients reported feeling embarrassed talking about it. Many HCPs who do not proactively discuss this symptom expect patients to bring this up. A communication gap was identified and highlights the under-appreciation of bowel urgency as an important symptom of UC.OtherEli Lilly and CompanyS. Travis Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, BUHLMANN Diagnostics, ECCO, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Normal Collision Foundation, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, Schering-Plough, Takeda, UCB Pharma, Vifor Pharma, and Warner Chilcott, A. Bleakman Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, D. Rubin Grant / Research support from: Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Allergan, AltruBio, American College of Gastroenterology, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Athos Therapeutics, Bellatrix Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene/Syneos Health, Cornerstones Health (non-profit), Eli Lilly and Company, Galen/Atlantica, Genentech/Roche, Gilead Sciences, GoDuRn, InDex Pharmaceuticals, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Iterative Scopes, Janssen, Materia Prima, Pfizer, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Reistone Biopharma, Takeda, and TechLab, M. Dubinsky Shareholder of: Trellus Health, Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, and Prometheus Biosciences, Consultant of: AbbVie, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Pfizer, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Takeda, and UCB Pharma, R. Panaccione Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Pfizer, and Takeda, Consultant of: Abbott, AbbVie, Alimentiv, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmo Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos NV, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Oppilan Pharma, Pandion Therapeutics, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, and UCB Pharma, T. Hibi Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Activaid, Alfresa Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., JMDC, Nippon Kayaku, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Pfizer Japan, and Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Apo Plus Station, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, EA Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Nichi-Iko Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Takeda, and Zeria Pharmaceutical, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Aspen Japan K.K., Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, JIMRO, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, and Takeda, T. Gibble Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Kayhan Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, E. Flynn Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Sapin Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Atkinson Consultant of: Eli Lilly and Company in connection with the development of this publication, Employee of: Adelphi Real World, S. Schreiber Grant / Research support from: personal fees and/or travel support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos NV, Gilead Sciences, I-MAB Biopharma, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Provention Bio, Roche, Sandoz/Hexal, Shire, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, and UCB Pharma, J. Jones: None Declared"}
+{"text": "Neuro-Oncology Advances, Volume 4, Issue 1, January\u2013December 2022, vdac096, https://doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdac096This is a corrigendum to: Manjari Pandey, Joanne Xiu, Sandeep Mittal, Jia Zeng, Michelle Saul, Santosh Kesari, Amir Azadi, Herbert Newton, Karina Deniz, Katherine Ladner, Ashley Sumrall, W Michael Korn, Emil Lou, Molecular alterations associated with improved outcome in patients with glioblastoma treated with Tumor-Treating Fields, In the originally published version of this manuscript, PIK3CA MT vs WT, NF1 MT vs WT, and EGFR WT vs MT were incorrectly labeled in Figure 3.PFS values for PIK3CA MT and WT were incorrectly labeled in Supplementary Table 1.These errors have been corrected."}
+{"text": "BRCA1-mutated prostate cancer has been shown to be less responsive to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as compared to BRCA2-mutated prostate cancer. The reason for this differential response is not clear. We hypothesized this differential sensitivity to PARP inhibitors may be explained by distinct genomic landscapes of BRCA1 versus BRCA2 co-segregating genes. In a large dataset of 7,707 men with advanced prostate cancer undergoing comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), 614 men harbored BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 alterations. Differences in the genomic landscape of co-segregating genes was investigated by Fisher\u2019s exact test and probabilistic graphical models (PGMs). Results demonstrated that BRCA1 was significantly associated with six other genes, while BRCA2 was not significantly associated with any gene. These findings suggest BRCA2 may be the main driver mutation, while BRCA1 mutations tend to co-segregate with mutations in other molecular pathways contributing to prostate cancer progression. These hypothesis-generating data may explain the differential response to PARP inhibition and guide towards the development of combinatorial drug regimens in those with BRCA1 mutation. BRCA1 and BRCA2 alterations , lower overall response rate (26.3% vs. 50%) and a lower median radiographic progression-free survival (4.1 months vs. 10.1 months) (BRCA1 versus BRCA2 mutation.Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors such as olaparib and rucaparib are currently approved for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with BRCA1/2 mutations. This included all cfDNA somatic alterations defined as reportable by clinical testing parameters. All variants of unknown significance were excluded from the analysis. Frameshift and nonsense mutations were included as pathogenic. All patients with advanced prostate cancer who underwent comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) by a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified, College of American Pathologists (CAP)-accredited laboratory  between 11/2016 to 8/2020 were eligible. First available cfDNA CGP results from consecutive patients with advanced prostate cancer tested were evaluated for the presence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in our cohort of patients was compared to published reports by the chi-squared test. Pairwise associations of mutation-positive BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes with other mutated genes was independently assessed by Fisher\u2019s exact test, and p-values were adjusted for false discovery rate* (FDR) to control multiple testing. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value \u2264 0.05.The prevalence of BRCA1 or BRCA2 were assessed using a combination of two probabilistic graphical model (PGM) machine learning approaches. To account for the high computational cost of the PGM dependence structure discovery, we identified the nearest BRCA1 or BRCA2 neighboring genes by an approximate PGM structure finding algorithm . All significant relations were captured by the PGM.Once the candidate genes were identified, we used the \u201cexact\u201d DP-A*  structurBRCA1 and/or BRCA2. The median age for the total cohort was 72 years (interquartile range 65-78 years). Pathogenic mutations in BRCA1/2 were found in 614 of 7,707 unique patients. The frequency of alterations in BRCA1 (4.6%) and BRCA2 (7.97%) detected in cfDNA was similar to what has been reported from CGP of primary tissue  was identified by Fisher\u2019s exact test  and selected for further analysis by the costly, \u201cexact\u201d DP-A* , as well as the inability to definitively determine the origin of mutations identified in cfDNA (e.g. tumor versus germline versus hematopoietic). Strengths of the study include the number of patients and centers included and the dataset\u2019s real-world nature. These hypothesis-generating data reveal differential genomic signatures associated with lkiedrowski@guardanthealth.com.The datasets generated and/or analyzed for the current study are not publicly available, as they are derived from commercial testing. This data may be made available under a fully executed data use agreement. Requests to access these datasets should be directed to Lesli Kiedrowski, The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by University of Utah IRB. Written informed consent for participation was not required for this study in accordance with the national legislation and the institutional requirements.Conception and design: US, RN, NA. Acquisition of data: LK, RN. Analysis and interpretation of data: US, RZ, RN, EJH, BH, MY, NA. Drafting of the manuscript: US, RZ, RN, NA. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: US, RZ, RN, EJH, YJ, NS, SW, LK, PB, GL, MB, EIH, LN, HB, SP, ML, BM, BH, MY, OS, NA. Statistical analysis: US, RZ, RN, EJH, YJ, BH. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.NA reports consultancy to Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Aveo, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calithera, Clovis, Eisai, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Exelixis, Foundation Medicine, Genentech, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, MEI Pharma, Nektar, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacyclics, and Seattle Genetics; and additionally reports institutional research funding from Astra Zeneca, Bavarian Nordic, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calithera, Celldex, Clovis, Eisai, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Exelixis, Genentech, Glaxo Smith Kline, Immunomedics, Janssen, Medivation, Merck, Nektar, New Link Genetics, Novartis, Pfizer, Prometheus, Rexahn, Roche, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics, Takeda, and Tracon. LK is an employee and stockholder of Guardant Health. PB declares grants or contracts from Merck, Seagen, Blue Earth Diagnostics, Pfizer, and EMD Serono; consulting fees from Dendreon, Pfizer, Caris Life Sciences, Astellas, Eisai, Janssen, EMD Serono, Seattle Genetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bayer, and Guardant Health; payments or honoraria from Caris Life Sciences, Bayer, and Pfizer; and participation on boards for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Seagen, Astellas, Eisai, Janssen, EMD Serono, Dendreon, Pfizer, Seattle Genetics, Bayer, and Guardant Health. MB declares consulting fees from Exelixis, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eisai, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Janssen, Calithera Biosciences, Genomic Health, Nektar, EMD Serono, Seagen, and Sanofi and institutional research support from Merck, Xencor, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech/Roche, Seagen, Incyte, Nektar, AstraZeneca, Tricon Pharmaceuticals, Genome & Company, AAA, Peloton Therapeutics, and Pfizer for work performed outside the current study. EIH has received honoraria from Bayer, Sanofi, and Seattle Genetics; acted as a consultant/advisor for Astellas Pharma; is an Advisory Board and/or Speakers\u2019 Bureau member for AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sanofi; and has received paid travel from Astellas Pharma, Caris Life Sciences, Sanofi, and Seattle Genetics; in addition, her institution has received research funding from Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Caris Life Sciences, Celgene, Celldex, Corcept Therapeutics, Curementa, Dendreon, eFFECTOR Therapeutics, Esanik, Fortis Therapeutics, Genetech/Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Ignyta, Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Medivation, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Merck, Millennium, Oncolys BioPharma, Plexxicon, Seattle Genetics, Synta, Tokai Pharmaceuticals, and Zenith Epigenetics. HB Consulting or Advisory Role: Endocyte, Celgene, Idera, Myovant Sciences Speakers' Bureau: Guardant Health. SP reports personal fees from F. Hoffman-La Roche outside the submitted work, as well as research funding to his institution from Eisai, Genentech, Roche, Exelixis, and Pfizer; and reports a consulting/advisory role for Novartis, Medivation, Astellas Pharma, Pfizer, Aveo, Myriad, Genentech, Exelixis, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. US reports consultancy to Astellas, Exelixis and Seattle Genetics and research funding to institute from Janssen, Exelixis and Astellas/Seattle Genetics. OS is a consultant for Advanced Accelerator Applications, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer Blue Earth Diagnostics Inc., Bavarian, Nordic, Bristol, Myers, Squibb, Clarity, Pharmaceuticals, Clovis, Constellation, Dendreon, EMD, Serono, Fusion, Janssen, Myovant, Myriad, Noria, Therapeutics, Inc., Novartis, Noxopharm, Progenics, POINT, Biopharma, Pfizer, Sanofi, Tenebio, Telix, Theragnostics, Dendreon, Endocyte, Innocrin, Invitae, Merck, and SOTIO; research funding from Advanced Accelerator Applications, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Invitae, and Merck. BH reports receiving travel assistance from Flatiron Health, and served as a consultant for AstraZeneca, Value Analytics, National Kidney Foundation, and Prometic Life Sciences. MY is a stock holder or has received stock option awards from Fabric Genomics Inc. and has received consulting fees from Fabric Genomics Inc. BM has consulted for Janssen Oncology, Exelixis, Tempus, Peloton Therapeutics and Astellas. RN has consulted for Tempus.The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because BH and SB either did not respond directly or could not be reached. AA, AHA, FB, HAEE, MM, RP, RZS, KR, and SH did not agree with the retraction."}
+{"text": "This is Publisher's Note regarding:FEMS Yeast Research, Volume 22, Issue 1, 2022, foac036, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsyr/foac036Elena Vanacloig-Pedros, Kaitlin J Fisher, Lisa Liu, Derek J Debrauske, Megan K M Young, Michael Place, Chris Todd Hittinger, Trey K Sato, Audrey P Gasch, Comparative chemical genomic profiling across plant-based hydrolysate toxins reveals widespread antagonism in fitness contributions, in vivo assay system for analyzing efflux of sugars mediated by glucose and xylose transporters, FEMS Yeast Research, Volume 22, Issue 1, 2022, foac038, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsyr/foac038Sebastian A Tamayo Rojas, Eckhard Boles, Mislav Oreb, A yeast-based Candida glabrata, FEMS Yeast Research, Volume 22, Issue 1, 2022, foac045, https://doi.org/10.1093/femsyr/foac045Daniel Elias, Nora Toth Hervay, Juraj Jacko, Marcela Morvova, Jr, Martin Valachovic, Yvetta Gbelska, Erg6p is essential for antifungal drug resistance, plasma membrane properties and cell wall integrity in These three papers were inadvertently assigned to Volume 2021, Issue 1 (2021) instead of Volume 22, Issue 1 (2022). This error, for which the publisher apologizes, has now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Ulcerative colitis (UC) can result in a high prevalence of bowel movement urgency (BU), significantly reducing patient quality of life.Early BU improvement association with later clinical endpoint improvements was examined in moderately-to-severely active UC patients (pts) treated with mirikizumab (miri).BU was evaluated in Phase 3 randomized placebo (PBO)-controlled 12-week induction  and 40-week maintenance  trials with miri. Pts received IV miri 300mg or PBO during induction. Week (W)12 miri responders were rerandomized at LUCENT-2 baseline (BL) to subcutaneous miri 200mg or PBO. BU was measured with 11-point Urgency Numeric Rating Scale (UNRS) from 0 (no urgency) to 10 (worst possible). Pts\u2019 UNRS scores were an average from 7 consecutive days prior to visit. Association of pts with BU Clinically Meaningful Improvement (CMI) or BU remission between BL and W4 with the proportion of pts achieving clinical response, and clinical, endoscopic, or symptomatic remission at end of W12 was assessed. For pts who achieved clinical response at W12, the analyses were repeated for the end of maintenance based on W12 BU status. Logistic regression models with treatment, urgency (BU CMI or BU Remission), treatment-by-urgency group interaction, and stratification factors were fitted to examine the association between early urgency improvement and later clinical endpoints.Treatment-by-urgency group interactions were not statistically significant across clinical outcomes for induction and maintenance. For induction, treatment and urgency status were statistically significant. Pts experiencing BU CMI or BU remission at W4 were consistently more likely to achieve clinical response, and clinical, endoscopic, or symptomatic remission at W12 for both treatment groups. For remission, only treatment main effect was statistically significant. Among miri induction clinical responders (an enriched population), BU CMI or BU Remission at end of induction (W12) was not associated with later maintenance efficacy outcomes (W52). Miri-treated pts achieved higher rates of clinical response, and clinical, endoscopic, or symptomatic remission at W52 than with PBO regardless of BU CMI or BU Remission at W12 (Table).Early BU Improvement, CMI or Remission, was associated with better clinical outcomes during induction for miri and PBO pts, showing BU is a sensitive predictor of early clinical outcomes. Among miri induction responders, miri consistently provided better maintenance of response and remission rates than PBO.OtherEli Lilly and CompanyD. Clemow Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Sapin Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, T. Hibi Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, ActivAid, Alfresa Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., JMDC, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Nippon Kayaku, Pfizer Japan, and Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Apo Plus Station, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, EA Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Nichi-Iko Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Takeda, and Zeria Pharmaceutical, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Aspen Japan K.K., Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, JIMRO, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, and Takeda, M. Dubinsky Shareholder of: Trellus Health, Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, and Prometheus Biosciences, Consultant of: AbbVie, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Pfizer, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Takeda, and UCB Pharma, S. Vermeire Consultant of: AbbVie, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Avaxia Biologics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos NV, Genentech/Roche, Gilead Sciences, Hospira, Janssen, Mundipharma, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, ProDigest, Progenity, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Robarts Clinical Trials, Second Genome, Shire, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, and Tillots Pharma AG, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos NV, Genentech/Roche, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Pfizer, Robarts Clinical Trials, and Takeda, S. Schreiber Grant / Research support from: personal fees and/or travel support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos NV, Gilead Sciences, I-MAB Biopharma, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Provention Bio, Roche, Sandoz/Hexal, Shire, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, and UCB Pharma, T. Gibble Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, L. Peyrin-Biroulet Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Fresenius Kabi, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Allergan, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Enthera, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos NV, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Gossamer Bio, InDex Pharmaceuticals, Inotrem, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Norgine, Ono Pharmaceutical, OSE Immunotherapeutics, Pandion Therapeutics, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Tillots Pharma AG, Viatris, and Vifor Pharma, M. Watanabe Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Alfresa Pharma, EA Pharma, Kissei, Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Nippon Kayaku, Takeda, and Zeria Pharmaceutical, Consultant of: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, EA Pharma, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Gilead Sciences, Nippon, and Takeda, Speakers bureau of: EA Pharma, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Gilead Sciences, Janssen, JIMRO, Kissei, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Pfizer Japan, Takeda, and Zeria Pharmaceutical, R. Panaccione Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Pfizer, and Takeda, Consultant of: Abbott, AbbVie, Alimentiv, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmo Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos NV, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Oppilan Pharma, Pandion Therapeutics, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, and UCB Pharma, J. Jones: None Declared"}
+{"text": "GABRA1, GABRB2 and GABRG2 define the genetic landscape of defects of GABAA receptors, Brain Communications, Volume 3, Issue 2, 2021, fcab033, https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcab033This is a correction to: Ciria C. Hernandez, XiaoJuan Tian, Ningning Hu, Wangzhen Shen, Mackenzie A. Catron, Ying Yang, Jiaoyang Chen, Yuwu Jiang, Yuehua Zhang, Robert L. Macdonald, Dravet syndrome-associated mutations in GABRB2 mentioned in the article have been reported previously. A reference to the previous report has been added.In the originally published version of this manuscript, a reference was omitted. The authors have added a clarification that the three cases of"}
+{"text": "PNAS Nexus, Volume 1, Issue 4, September 2022, pgac174, https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac174This is a correction to: Romain Tisserand, Brandon G Rasman, Nina Omerovic, Ryan M Peters, Patrick A Forbes, Jean-S\u00e9bastien Blouin, Unperceived motor actions of the balance system interfere with the causal attribution of self-motion, In the originally published version of this manuscript, one of Patrick A Forbes's affiliations was inadvertently omitted. The omitted affiliation is Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.This error has now been corrected."}
+{"text": "Martin S, Tyrrell J, Thomas EL, Bown MJ, Wood AR, Beaumont RN, Tsoi LC, Stuart PE, Elder JT, Law P, Houlston R, Kabrhel C, Papadimitriou N, Gunter MJ, Bull CJ, Bell JA, Vincent EE, Sattar N, Dunlop MG, Tomlinson IPM, Lindstr\u00f6m S, INVENT consortium, Bell JD, Frayling TM, Yaghootkar H. 2022. Disease consequences of higher adiposity uncoupled from its adverse randomisation metabolic effects using Mendelian. Published 25 January 2022The main analysis in the final paper involved a genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistic dataset for venous thromboembolism. This GWAS was conducted by the International Network of Venous Thromboembolism Clinical Research Networks (INVENT) consortium. In addition, Dr Sara Lindstr\u00f6m was instrumental in this GWAS and sharing the data. We are therefore formally correcting the eLife paper to include both Dr Lindstr\u00f6m and the INVENT consortium on this paper. Both have reviewed the manuscript and support the conclusions, and agree to be responsible for all parts of the paper in its published form.The details of Dr Lindstr\u00f6m\u2019s and the INVENT consortium\u2019s contributions are given below:Dr Lindstr\u00f6m and the INVENT consortium were both instrumental in conducting the GWAS of venous thromboembolism and sharing the associated summary statistic dataset. Both Dr Lindstr\u00f6m and the INVENT consortium have reviewed the manuscript and its conclusions.New authors list:Susan Martin, Jessica Tyrrell, E Louise Thomas, Matthew J Bown, Andrew R Wood, Robin N. Beaumont, Lam C Tsoi, Philip E. Stuart, James T Elder, Philip Law, Richard Houlston, Christopher Kabrhel, Nikos Papadimitriou, Marc J Gunter, Caroline J Bull, Joshua A Bell, Emma E Vincent, Naveed Sattar, Malcolm G Dunlop, Ian PM Tomlinson, Sara Lindstr\u00f6m, INVENT consortium, Jimmy D Bell, Timothy M Frayling, Hanieh Yaghootkar.Original authors list:Susan Martin, Jessica Tyrrell, E Louise Thomas, Matthew J. Bown, Andrew R Wood, Robin N Beaumont, Lam C Tsoi, Philip E Stuart, James T Elder, Philip Law, Richard Houlston, Christopher Kabrhel, Nikos Papadimitriou, Marc J Gunter, Caroline J Bull, Joshua A Bell, Emma E Vincent, Naveed Sattar, Malcolm G Dunlop, Ian PM Tomlinson, Jimmy D Bell, Timothy M Frayling, Hanieh Yaghootkar.Details for the omitted authors:Sara Lindstr\u00f6mDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.Contribution: Resources, Writing - review and editingCompeting Interests: SL declares no competing interests.INVENT consortiumContribution: Resources, Writing - review and editingCompeting Interests: INVENT declares no competing interests.The article has been corrected accordingly."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article , 2 becauHAR, HF, MAT, MH, MS, MYA, RAA, SAlamri, and SAtta either did not respond directly or could not be reached. MAB did not agree with the retraction."}
+{"text": "This article was published in Psychological Medicine with the reference \u2018Ikeda, S., Azuma, M., Fujimoto, K., Shibahara, H., Inoue, S., Moline, M., & Ishii, M. . PMH8 EQThe authors apologise for this error."}
+{"text": "Following publication of the original article (1), The author names were incorrectly published as Ambrosio Marco, Virgilio Agnese, Raffone Antonio, Arena Alessandro, Raimondo Diego, Alletto Andrea, Seracchioli Renato and Casadio Paolo. But this should have been Marco Ambrosio, Agnese Virgilio, Antonio Raffone, Alessandro Arena, Diego Raimondo, Andrea Alletto, Renato Seracchioli, and Paolo Casadio.The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-19847-5, published online 14 September 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors. The names of the authors Polina Vishnyakova, Maria Kuznetsova, Anastasiya Poltavets, Mariia Fomina, Viktoriia Kiseleva, Kamilla Muminova, Alena Potapova, Zulfiya Khodzhaeva, Alexey Pyregov, Dmitry Trofimov, Andrey Elchaninov, Gennady Sukhikh and Timur Fatkhudinov were incorrectly given as Vishnyakova Polina, Kuznetsova Maria, Poltavets Anastasiya, Fomina Mariia, Kiseleva Viktoriia, Muminova Kamilla, Potapova Alena, Khodzhaeva Zulfiya, Pyregov Alexey, Trofimov Dmitry, Elchaninov Andrey, Sukhikh Gennady and Fatkhudinov Timur. Consequently, the initials of the author names were also reversed in the Author Contributions section.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "In the original publication, the study group author names are listed under Appendix section and it should be listed in Acknowledgement section as follows.AcknowledgementsSimplified Histologic Mucosal Healing Scheme (SHMHS) study group participants, all based in Italy: Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone and Marta Vernero, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin; Federica Grillo and Luca Mastracci, Department of Pathology, University of Genoa, Genoa; Chiara Vigan\u00f2, UOC Gastroenterologia, ASST Monza Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza; Giulia Scardino, Department of Gastroenterology, Ospedale Valduce, Como; Stefania Gambini, Department of Pathology, ASST Melegnano-Martesana, Milan; Francesca Boni, Department of Gastroenterology, ASST Melegnano-Martesana, Milan; Federica Furfaro, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas, Milan; Cristina Bezzio and Simone Saibeni, Department of Gastroenterology, Ospedale di Rho, Milan; Michela Campora, Department of Pathology, Ospedale Santa Chiara, Trento; Eliana Greco, Edoardo V. Savarino and Fabiana Zingone, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology \u2013 DiSCOG, University of Padua, Padua; Daniele Canova, UOC di Gastroenterologia, AULSS 8 Berica, Vicenza; Irene Coati, Department of Pathology, Ospedale dell'Angelo, Mestre (VE); Davide Checchin, Department of Gastroenterology, Ospedale dell'Angelo, Mestre (VE); Marta Gobbato, Department of Pathology, Ospedale di Feltre, Belluno; Antonio Ferronato, UOSVD Endoscopia Digestiva, PO Alto Vicentino, Santorso (VI); Alice Morini, Department of Pathology, PO Alto Vicentino, Santorso (VI); Michele Campigotto, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Trieste, Trieste; Maria Raffaella Ambrosio, UOC Anatomia Patologica, Azienda Toscana Nord Ovest, Massa; Andrea Sbrozzi-Vanni, UOC Endoscopia Digestiva, Azienda Toscana Nord Ovest, Massa; Francesca De Nigris, Nicola Libert\u00e0 Decarli, Martina Giannotta and Andrea Nucci, Department of Gastroenterology, USL Centro Toscana, Florence; Stefano Lazzi, Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, Siena; Marco Valvano, Department of Gastroenterology, P.O. S. Salvatore, L'Aquila; Ambra Magiotta, Department of Gastroenterology, AOU Sant\u2019Andrea, Rome; Chiara Taffon, Department of Pathology, Campus Biomedico, Rome; Paola Balestrieri, Department of Gastroenterology, Campus Biomedico, Rome; Fabrizio Bossa, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia; Gerardo Cazzato, Anna Colagrande, Antonio d\u2019Amati, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Domenico Piscitelli and Luciana Scuccimarri, Department of Pathology, Policlinico di Bari, Bari; Rocco Spagnuolo, Department of Gastroenterology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro; Barbara Scrivo, UOC Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia digestiva, Arnas Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, Palermo; Walter Fries and Anna Viola, Department of Gastroenterology, AOU Policlinico di Messina, Messina."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13522-5, published online 08 June 2022Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Mohamed S. Soliman was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below.4. Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-19894-y, published online 26 September 2022Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Himisha Dixit was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, TAB Shahpur, Kangra, HP, 176206, India\u2019.The correct affiliation is listed below.Department of Plant Pathology, COA, CSKHPKV, Palampur, HP, 176061, IndiaThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because NRA, TJ, MA, UK, RCC, HLB, PS, LNM, SKS, and RR did not agree with retraction. KL, MMH, and AAAS either did not reply or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Gymnogryllus Saussure, 1877 and Phonarellus Gorochov, 1983. We found that the characters , and coloration of the hind leg in Phonarellusminor ) exhibit considerable amounts of variation within species, and are thus not reliable characters for species differentiation. Therefore, we revised the taxonomy of these two genera. Five synonyms are proposed: G.yunnanensis  syn. nov., G.striatus  syn. nov., G.longus  syn. nov., G.tumidulus  syn. nov., and P.flavipes (= P.minor) syn. nov. All species mentioned above are described and illustrated. Keys and a distribution map are provided.After extensive sampling of specimens from species found in China, we examined the intraspecific morphological variation of several characters used for species delimitation in two closely related cricket genera,  Gymnogryllus Saussure, 1877 and Phonarellus Gorochov, 1983 have species in China that are difficult to distinguish based on morphology, and we found that some of the \u201cdifferent\u201d species co-occur at the same collection site and at the same time. Many of these species were proposed based on a limited number of specimens , oblique veins (slightly curved), and the ovipositor . Species of this genus have a similar appearance, and the male genitalia features are the primary characteristics for species identification. Currently, 45 species are reported worldwide, from India to Australia, and most of them are found in tropical Southeast Asia  . These six Chinese species are distributed in the same province and are similar in body size and forewing morphology, for example, inclined rectangular mirror and internal dividing vein with three branches. The only characteristic for identifying these species is the posterior angle of the epiphallus. Here, we examined whether this diagnostic feature is stable by using multiple specimens per species to assess the amount of intraspecific variation.alaysia) . In ChinPhonarellus for species originally belonging to Gymnogryllus and designated Gymnogryllusminor Chopard, 1959 as the type species . Compared to Gymnogryllus, species of Phonarellus are smaller, the cercus base is of light color, and the apical area of the genitalia is obviously different between both genera. We recognize the genus by its contrasting coloration of antennae , ocelli almost arranged in a line, shiny and smooth pronotum, and somewhat leathery elytra , Phonarellusminor , Phonarellusflavipes Xia, Liu & Yin, 1991, and Phonarelluszebripe He, 2022). Two species, P.minor and P.flavipes, occur in Yunnan and Guangdong and are of very similar appearance. The only difference between P.minor and P.flavipes is that the posterior femora of P.flavipes have no black area and the markedly separated first and second oblique veins at the base  and examined their morphological characteristics. Based on our results, we consider that four species in Gymnogryllus are junior synonyms of G.odonopetalus, and P.flavipes is a junior synonym of P.minor. The diagnostic characteristics previously proposed for species identification are unreliable because of extensive variation. New checklists of Chinese Gymnogryllus and Phonarellus species, with keys to species and distribution maps  in the field. The specimens were preserved in analytical-grade ethanol during fieldwork and then pinned and dry-preserved in laboratory. After softening, dissecting needles were used to pull out the male genitalia from the gonopore. The dissected genitalia complexes were prepared by placing them into a concentrated solution of alkaline protease  with a water bath temperature of 40\u201350 \u00b0C for 48 hours. Identification of involved species is mainly based on male morphology. Whole bodies were photographed with a VHX-6000 digital microscope . Figures of genitalia and body details were produced using a ToupCam Digital camera and bundled software .BL body length (from head to tip of abdomen); HW head width; EW eye width; PL pronotum length; PW pronotum width (max. width of pronotum); FWL forewing length; HWL hind wing length (length of uncovered part); DVL length of dialogue vein; ML mirror length (from fore to hind margin); CL cercus length; FTL fore tibiae length; TTL length of tibial tympanum; MTL middle tibiae length; HLL hind femur length; HTL hind tibiae length.All specimens were measured using ToupCam Digital camera (E3ISPM05000KPA) and bundled software . All the measurements are in millimeters (mm). Nomenclature of male genitalia follows P.minor specimens with at least one intact hind leg. Photos of these posterior femora were taken with a VHX-6000 digital microscope  and processed in ImageJ. We used the Threshold function in ImageJ ver.1.53k  and bundled software  to measure the distances between the first and second oblique veins at the base of 42 specimens. The distributions were graphed in Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Office 2016).Acronyms used for the institutions where those examined materials are deposited:SNNUMuseum of Flora and Fauna of Shaanxi Normal University, Xi\u2019an, China;NWAFU Entomological Museum of Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China;SEM (IEAS) Shanghai Entomological Museum, CAS, Shanghai, China.Gymnogryllus Saussure, 1877Genus Gymnogrylluscontractus Liu, Yin & Liu, 1995Chinese name. \u72ed\u819c\u88f8\u87cbDistribution. Yunnan.Gymnogryllusodonopetalus Xie & Zheng, 2003Gymnogryllusyunnanensis Ma & Zhang, 2011, syn. nov.Gymnogryllusstriatus Ma & Zhang, 2011, syn. nov.Gymnogrylluslongus Ma & Zhang, 2011, syn. nov.Gymnogryllustumidulus Ma & Zhang, 2011, syn. nov.Chinese name. \u9f7f\u74e3\u88f8\u87cbDistribution. Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong.Gymnogryllusdolichodens Ma & Zhang, 2011Chinese name. \u957f\u7a81\u88f8\u87cbDistribution. Yunnan.Gymnogryllusextrarius Ma & Zhang, 2011Chinese name. \u5916\u7a81\u88f8\u87cbDistribution. Yunnan.Phonarellus Gorochov, 1983Genus Phonarellusminor Phonarellusflavipes Xia, Liu & Yin, 1991, syn. nov.Chinese name. \u5c0f\u97f3\u87cbDistribution. Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan.Phonarellusritsemae Chinese name. \u5229\u7279\u97f3\u87cbDistribution. Guangxi, Zhejiang, Yunnan, Guangdong, Hong Kong.Phonarelluszebripes He, 2022Chinese name. \u6591\u817f\u97f3\u87cbDistribution. Yunnan.Orthoptera: Grylloidea; Gryllidae; GryllinaeTaxon classificationAnimaliaOrthopteraGryllidae\ufeffGenusSaussure, 18771300E0C5-9285-53CC-8D7D-A8DB4711C8BEGymnogryllus Brunner von Wattenwyl 1893: 197; Brachytrypus (Gymnogryllus) Saussure, 1877: 291.Grylluselegans (= Gymnogryllusleucostictus). Brachytrypus (Gymnogryllus) Saussure, 1877: 291.India, Australia, western Himalayas, Burma, Vietnam, Malaysia, China.Body large. Head, pronotum and much of hind femur blackish brown; rest of body of light color. Light brown bands uniformly distributed over posterior peduncle. Forewings not reaching tip of abdomen; hind wings largely surpassing abdomen. Mirror inclined rectangular. The length of the apical field of forewings varies among individuals. Subgenital plate shaped as hook. Genitalia large, in caudal view, epiphallus arch-shaped and the apically armed with a pair of long teeth. The space between the teeth and the shape of them varied among individuals Fig. . OviposiGymnogryllus are reported from China, and six of them have been found in Yunnan. Among them, G.longus, G.tumidulus, G.yunnanensis, and G.striatus have been described for differences in the angle of the epiphallic apex and the length of the apical field of tegmen. However, they are similar to G.odonopetalus in appearance and can be collected from the same location at the same time. We compared specimens collected from the same site and concluded that these two features present intraspecific variation and are unreliable for species delimitation. We consider that all four taxa are synonyms of G.odonopetalus.Eight species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaOrthopteraGryllidae\ufeffXie & Zheng, 2003B188F7B0-6336-55AD-91F9-1F3BA1430361Gymnogryllusodonopetalus Xie & Zheng, 2003: 496, 498.Gymnogryllusyunnanensis Ma & Zhang, 2011: 31\u201340, syn. nov.Gymnogrylluslongus Ma & Zhang, 2011: 31\u201340, syn. nov.Gymnogryllustumidulus Ma & Zhang, 2011: 31\u201340, syn. nov.Gymnogryllusstriatus Ma & Zhang, 2011: 31\u201340, syn. nov.\u2019an, China (SNNU).Type locality: Menglun, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. Deposited at Museum of Flora and Fauna of Shaanxi Normal University, XiChina: 1 male (holotype), Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menglun, Sept. 8, 1999, Xie, Lingde coll. (SNNU); 2 males and 1 female, Yunnan, Honghe, Wengdang, Jun. 11, 2009, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU); 1 female, Yunnan, Mengla, Shangyong, Longmen, May 13, 2013, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU); 1 male, Yunnan, Mengla (or Wangtianshu), Oct. 2, 2014, Zhang, Tao coll. (SNNU); 3 males, Yunnan, Jinghong, Jul. 11, 2018, Peng, Zhong coll. (SNNU); 2 males, Yunnan, Pu\u2019er, Jinggu, Aug. 17, 2021, He, Zhixin coll. (SNNU); 7 males, Yunnan, Pu\u2019er, Simaoqu, Aug. 18, 2021, He, Zhixin coll. (SNNU); 15 males, Yunnan, Mengla, Menglun, Aug. 25, 2021, He, Zhixin coll. (SNNU); 3 females, Yunnan, Mengla, Menglun, Aug. 25, 2021, He, Zhixin coll. (SNNU).Fig. . China (N = 30)Male , and the outer apical spurs three . Subgenital plate hook-like. Cercus straight and short; with long hair sparse and short hair dense.Genitalia . Therefore, we regard G.yunnanensis, G.striatus, G.longus, and G.tumidulus as junior synonyms of G.odonopetalus.ens Fig. . BesidesG.odonopetalus has some charecters showing intraspecific variation even within specimens collected from the same place and time. In lateral view, the angle between the apical teeth and the posterior edge of the medial lobe of epiphallus is variable among individuals . Phonarellusflavipes has been described for its yellow hind legs and the interval between the anterior of the first and second oblique veins. But these characters can also be found in P.minor living side by side with P.flavipes. Studying a large number of specimens of these three taxa from Yunnan and Guangdong, we tested whether the color of hind legs is a valid trait for species delimitation, and provided a description of P.ritsemae.Four species of this genus have been reported from China DDCBC5BC-25BA-5527-81C5-DC60A4AB005BGymnogryllusminor Chopard, 1959: 1; Gymnogrylluskashmirensis Bhowmik, 1977: 24, misidentification.Phonarellus (Phonarellus) minor : Phonarellusminor : Gymnogryllus (Phonarellus) minor : PhonarellusflavipesType locality: Asia-Tropical, Indian Subcontinent, India, Kerala, Malabar Coast, Mah\u00e9. Deposited at Mus\u00e9um National d\u2019Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (not examined).China: 36 males and 28 females, Yunnan, Mengla, Shangyong, Longmen, 1030 m, May 13, 2013, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU); 5 females, same location as before, 1030 m, May 18, 2013, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU); 4 males and 4 females, same location as before, 943 m, May 13, 2013, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU); 3 males, same location as before, 996 m, May 13, 2013, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU); 1 male, Yunnan, Jinping, Mengla, Xinmeng, 450 m, May 3, 2013, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU); 3 males, Yunnan, Mengla, Mengban, Hebianzhai, 855 m, May 23, 2013, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU); 4 males, Yunnan, Mengla, Menglun, 690 m, May 28, 2013, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU) ; 6 males, Yunnan, Cangyuan, Banlao, 1134 m, Jun. 5, 2013, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU); 2 males, Yunnan, Hekou, 100 m, Jun. 7, 1982, Jin, Gentao coll. (SEM); 2 males and 1 female, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menglun, 1000 m, Jun. 3, 2009, Liu, Xianwei coll. (SEM); 3 males and 2 females, Yunnan, Mengla, Yaoqu, Jun. 1, 2009, Ma, Libin coll. (NWAFU). Vietnam: 1 female, Tonkin, Jul. 1940, A. De Cooman coll. (SEM).Fig. . China 2ED2606A-C085-5184-BF8A-C6907CB44447Liogryllusritsemae Saussure, 1877: 304; Achetaritsemae : Gryllusritsemae : Hisumatsu 1952: 43.Tartarogryllusritsemae : Chopard 1961: 272; Randell 1964: 1582; Leroy 1966: 39; Chopard 1967: 73.Phonarellusritsemae : Yin and Liu, 1995: 138\u2013139; Type locality: Japan. Deposited at National Nature Historical Museum, Leiden, Netherlands (not examined).China: 1 female, Yunnan, Mengla, Shangyong, Longmen, May 13, 2013, Ma, Libin (SNNU); 1 male, same location as before, May 14, 2013, Ma, Libin (SNNU); 1 male and 2 females, same location as before, May 18, 2013, Ma, Libin (SNNU); 1 male, Yunnan, Lvchun, Banpo, May 9, 2013, Ma, Libin. (SNNU); 1 female, Yunnan, Mengla, Yaoqu, May 25, 2013, Ma, Libin (SNNU); 1 female, Yunnan, Mengla, Menglun, May 28, 2013, Ma, Libin (SNNU); 9 males and 1 female, Guangdong, Shaoguan, Luoshanzhen, May 13, 2015, Zhang, Tao (SNNU); 8 males, Guangdong, Shenzhen, May 17, 2015, Zhang, Tao (SNNU); 1 male, Guangxi, Jingxi, Longbang, May 2, 2019, Ma, Libin and Zhang, Tao (SNNU); 1 male, Hong Kong, Damaoshan, May 9, 2018, Ma, Libin (SNNU); 1 male, Hong Kong, Fei\u2019eshan, May 18, 2018, Ma, Libin and Peng, Zhong (SNNU).China , Japan..N = 22)Male Female  the posterior teeth of the epiphallus are variable among individuals in lateral view , which reduces the number of Chinese species of the genera Gymnogryllus and Phonarellus to four and three, respectively. Our work highlights the importance of extensive specimen collection and considering intraspecific variation in species identification.Based on our discovery of intraspecific variation, we considered some diagnostic features previously used as characters for separating species in these two genera invalid. The new species checklist showed five synonymus ("}
+{"text": "Page 1: The affiliation for Evan Dekker, which previously read:2Academic Services and Support Directorate, University Drive, Mt. Helen, Ballarat, VIC\u00a03350, Australiahas now been updated to read:2Academic Services and Support Directorate, Federation University, University Drive, Mt. Helen, Ballarat, VIC\u00a03350, AustraliaThe original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PMID: 35892078; PMCID: PMC9281584, authors requested to change the order of the co-authors, making Dr Tianye Lin as the first author. As a result of that the correct order of the authors is as follows:In the published article Zhang Z, Lin T, Zhong Y, Song W, Yang P, Wang D, Yang F, Zhang Q, Wei Q, He W. Effect of femoral head necrosis cystic area on femoral head collapse and stress distribution in femoral head: A clinical and finite element study. Open Med. (Wars) 2022 Jul 13;17(1):1282\u201391. doi: Tianye Lin, Zhaoming Zhang, Yuan Zhong, Wenting Song, Peng Yang, Ding Wang, Fan Yang, Qingwen Zhang, Qiushi Wei and Wei He."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because YC, MHS, and HMA did not agree with the retraction. RN, QuZ, SN, NK, KA, AAAH, AA, FK, KS, and QK either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Bioinformatics, Volume 38, Issue Supplement_2, September 2022, Pages ii5\u2013ii12, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btac455This is a correction to: Maura John, Markus J. Ankenbrand, Carolin Artmann, Jan A. Freudenthal, Arthur Korte, and Dominik G. Grimm, Efficient permutation-based genome-wide association studies for normal and skewed phenotypic distributions, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the incorrect btac690_Supplementary_DataClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-16755-6, published online 22 July 2022Correction to: In the original version of this Article, A. M. El Shamy and S. Zein El Abedin were incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Petrochemicals Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, P.B. 11,727, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.\u2019 Their correct affiliation is listed below.Electrochemistry and Corrosion Laboratory, Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because AEA, AFG, AMUD, AQ, AUR, BHE, JA, JI, KAI, NA, MIT, MJ, SAjmal, SAsghar, SB, SF, and SG did not agree with the retraction. AA either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22038-x, published online 27 December 2022Correction to: The original version of the Article contained an error in the Author Information section.\u201cThese authors contributed equally: Satish Anandan, Hittanahallikoppal Gajendramurthy Gowtham, C. S. Shivakumara, Anjana Thampy, Sudarshana Brijesh Singh, Mahadevamurthy Murali, Chandan Shivamallu, Sushma Pradeep, Natarajamurthy Shilpa, Ali A. Shati, Mohammad Y. Alfaifi, Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi, Joaqu\u00edn Ortega\u2011Castro, Juan Frau, Norma Flores\u2011Holgu\u00edn, Shiva Prasad Kollur and Daniel Glossman\u2011Mitnik.\u201dnow reads:\u201cThese authors contributed equally: Satish Anandan and Hittanahallikoppal Gajendramurthy Gowtham.\u201dIn addition, Shiva Prasad Kollur was incorrectly affiliated with \u201cDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506\u20115606, USA\u201d and \u201cMidwest Veterinary Services, Inc., Oakland, NE 68045, USA\u201d.The correct affiliation is listed below.School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 026, India.The author, Mohammad Y. Alfaifi, was incorrectly affiliated with \u201cCell Culture Lab, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), 51 Wezaret El-Zeera St., Agouza, Giza, Egypt\u201d.The correct affiliation is listed below:Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.The original version of this Article also contained an error in Affiliation 10, which was incorrectly given as \u2018Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506\u20115606, USA.\u2019 The correct affiliation is listed below:School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 026, India.In addition, Affiliation 11 \u2018Midwest Veterinary Services, Inc., Oakland, NE 68045, USA\u2019 was removed.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Volume 68, Issue 2, April 2022, https://doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmac012This is a correction to: Emma Kortekangas, MD, Yue-Mei Fan, PhD, David Chaima, PhD, Kirsi-Maarit Lehto, PhD, Chikondi Malamba-Banda, MPhil, Andrew Matchado, PhD, Chilungamo Chingwanda, PhD, Zhifei Liu, MPH, Ulla Ashorn, PhD, Yin Bun Cheung, PhD, Kathryn G Dewey, PhD, Kenneth Maleta, PhD, Per Ashorn, PhD, Associations between Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Inflammation, Permeability and Damage in Young Malawian Children, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the boxes in subfigure (b) of Figure 5 were in the wrong order.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Health Policy and Planning, Volume 37, Issue 3, March 2022, Pages 369\u2013375, https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czab155This is a correction to: Fiammetta M Bozzani, Karin Diaconu, Gabriela B Gomez, Aaron S Karat, Karina Kielmann, Alison D Grant, Anna Vassall, Using system dynamics modelling to estimate the costs of relaxing health system constraints: a case study of tuberculosis prevention and control interventions in South Africa, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the incorrect czac110_SuppClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because JS, RB, BSD, MHS, HMA, and RK did not agree with the retraction. DSS, AAAH, AA, and FK either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "The inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (IBDQ) is a measure of health-related quality of life (QoL), with higher scores indicating greater QoL. In a prior phase 2 study (NCT02589665), mirikizumab, an anti-IL23p19 antibody, demonstrated efficacy and improvement in IBDQ scores in participants with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC).This analysis evaluated effect of mirikizumab (miri) vs placebo (PBO) on IBDQ scores in patients (pts) with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) who had failed prior conventional or biologic therapy in a Phase 3, double-blind, 12-week (W) induction study (LUCENT-1) followed by a 40W maintenance study (LUCENT-2) for a total of 52W continuous therapy.Pts (N=1162) in LUCENT-1 were randomized 3:1 to receive 300mg miri or PBO intravenously once every four weeks (Q4W). 544 pts who achieved Modified Mayo Score Clinical Response to miri by W12 of induction were rerandomized 2:1 in LUCENT-2 to subcutaneous miri 200mg or PBO Q4W in maintenance period. Randomization was stratified by previous biologic therapy failure, baseline corticosteroid use, and region. LUCENT-1 stratification included baseline (BL) disease activity, and LUCENT-2 included LUCENT-1 clinical remission status. The least squares mean change from BL in IBDQ scores at W12 of induction and W40 of maintenance was determined using analysis of covariance models. BL was W0 of therapy and stratification factors and BL scores were used as covariates. The Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) was defined as an improvement of \u226516 points in total IBDQ score (IBDQ response) and IBDQ remission as a total score \u2265170 points. IBDQ response and remission were calculated using non-responder imputations. Treatments were compared using the common risk difference (risk diff).Miri treatment resulted in significantly greater improvement from BL in IBDQ total and domain scores vs PBO at both W12 of induction and W40 of maintenance (52W treatment) (Table). The proportions of pts who achieved an IBDQ response was significantly greater for miri treated pts vs PBO at W12  and W40 . Significantly greater proportions of pts receiving miri achieved IBDQ remission at W12  and W40  vs PBO .Pts reported significantly greater improvements in IBDQ scores at induction and maintenance with miri compared to PBO. Over 75% of pts achieved a clinically meaningful improvement in QoL, as measured by IBDQ response, at the end of the 52 weeks of miri treatment.OtherEli Lilly and CompanyB. Sands Consultant of: Abivax, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Artugen Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Bacainn Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calibr, Celltrion, ClostraBio, Eli Lilly and Company, Enthera, Evommune, Galapagos NV, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Gossamer Bio, InDex Pharmaceuticals, Innovation Pharmaceuticals, Inotrem, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Kaleido Biosciences, Kallyope, MiroBio, Morphic Therapeutic, MRM Health, Pfizer, Progenity, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Protagonist Therapeutics, Q32 Bio, Surrozen, Takeda, Teva, TLL Pharmaceutical, USWM Enterprises, and Viela Bio, B. Feagan Shareholder of: Gossamer Bio, Consultant of: AbbVie, AdMIRx, AgomAb Therapeutics, Akebia Therapeutics, Alivio Therapeutics, Allakos, Amgen, Applied Molecular Transport, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Avir Pharma, Azora Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Celgene/Bristol Myers Squibb, Connect BioPharma, Cytoki Pharma, Disc Medicine, Ecor1 Capital, Eli Lilly and Company, Equillium, Everest Clinical Research, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos NV, Galen/Atlantica, Genentech/Roche, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, Gossamer Bio, HotSpot Therapeutics, Imhotex, ImmuNext, InDex Pharmaceuticals, Intact Therapeutics, Janssen, Japan Tobacco, Kaleido Biosciences, Leadiant Biosciences, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, MiroBio, Morphic Therapeutics, Mylan, Novartis, OM Pharma, Origo Biopharma, Otsuka, Pandion Therapeutics, Pfizer, Progenity, Prometheus Therapeutics and Diagnostics, PTM Therapeutics, Q32 Bio, Rebiotix, RedHill, Biopharma, Redx Pharma, Sandoz, Sanofi, Seres Therapeutics, Surrozen, Takeda, Teva, Thelium Therapeutics, Theravance Biopharma, TiGenix, Tillotts Pharma AG, UCB Pharma, VHsquared, Viatris, Ysios Capital, and Zealand Pharma, T. Gibble Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, K. Traxler Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, N. Morris Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, X. Li Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, S. Schreiber Grant / Research support from: personal fees and/or travel support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos NV, Gilead Sciences, I-MAB Biopharma, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Provention Bio, Roche, Sandoz/Hexal, Shire, Takeda, Theravance Biopharma, and UCB Pharma, V. Jairath Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Asieris Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Flagship Pioneering, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos NV, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Pandion Therapeutics, Pendopharm, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Reistone Biopharma, Roche, Sandoz, Second Genome, Shire, Takeda, Teva, Topivert, Ventyx Biosciences, and Vividion Therapeutics, A. Armuzzi Consultant of: AbbVie, Allergan, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos NV, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, Takeda, and TiGenix, J. Jones: None Declared"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because KZ, ON, SAA and MW either did not respond directly or could not be reached. FH, MAbbas, MArshad, SA, MF, AI, MJS, ATKZ, YL, and MJA did not agree with the retraction."}
+{"text": "Correction: BMC Emerg Med 22, 13 (2022)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-022-00566-zThe original article  containe\"Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, No. 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan City, 70403, Taiwan.\""}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-26610-3, published online 05 January 2023Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the Affiliations.Mojtaba Ijadi was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Instituto de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas Y Servicios de Alta Tecnolog\u00eda (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Neuroscience Center, Panama City, Panama.\u2019The correct affiliation for Mojtaba Ijadi is listed below.Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.Behnam Keshtkarhesamabadi was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.\u2019The correct affiliations for Behnam Keshtkarhesamabadi are listed below.Iranian Neuroscience Society\u2011Fars Chapter, DANA Brain Health Institute, Shiraz, Iran.High Performance Brain, Helena F\u00e9lix Street, No. 7 to 7 D, 1600\u2011121 Lisbon, Portugal.Reza Mahmoudi was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018High Performance Brain, Helena F\u00e9lix Street, No. 7 to 7 D, 1600\u2011121 Lisbon, Portugal.\u2019The correct affiliation for Reza Mahmoudi is listed below.Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.Amrollah Roozbehi was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018High Performance Brain, Helena F\u00e9lix Street, No. 7 to 7 D, 1600\u2011121 Lisbon, Portugal.\u2019The correct affiliation for Amrollah Roozbehi is listed below.Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.Mohammad Nami was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018High Performance Brain, Helena F\u00e9lix Street, No. 7 to 7 D, 1600\u2011121 Lisbon, Portugal.\u2019The correct affiliations for Mohammad Nami are listed below.Neuroscience Laboratory, NSL , Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.Iranian Neuroscience Society\u2011Fars Chapter, DANA Brain Health Institute, Shiraz, Iran.Instituto de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas Y Servicios de Alta Tecnolog\u00eda (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Neuroscience Center, Panama City, Panama.Harvard Alumni in Healthcare, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.Brain, Cognition, and Behavior Unit, BrainHub Academy, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.In addition, affiliation \u2018Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.\u2019 was removed.As a result, the Affiliations have been renumbered.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The authors regret that Richard O. Adeyemi, who constructed and provided the redox CRISPR library, was mistakenly included in the acknowledgements section instead of the author list. The updated author list and affiliations are as follows:a, Nathan P. Warda, Nicolas Prieto-Fariguaa, Yun Pyo Kanga, Anish Thalakolaa, Richard O. Adeyemib, Mingxiang Tengc, Gina M. DeNicolaaChang JiangaDepartment of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USAbBasic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USAcDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USAThe authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because IEZ, SA, MHS, HSY, AM, ZA, and MR did not agree with the retraction. MHA, AA, and XW either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Dear Sir,Comments from Drs. Birkett, Miller, and Soisson"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-22896-5, published online 11 November 2022Correction to: In the original version of this Article Lin Liu was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan Province, China\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below.School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.In addition, Fenfang Lei was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Graduate School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China\u2019 and \u2018Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang City, 422000, Hunan Province, China\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below.School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan Province, China.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because MSN did not agree with the retraction. SA, TH, HR, YN, IUH, FA, MSA, MSE, HMK, AT, MAAA, and MIM either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Hospitalizations pose a significant burden on both the individual and the healthcare system. Those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of hospitalization as compared to the general population due to flaring of disease activity and complications related to IBD. The advent of biologics over the past twenty years may have influenced the rates of hospitalization for IBD.To assess current and forecast the overall hospitalization rates of those with IBD stratified by types of hospitalizations .Population-based administrative data on hospitalization of IBD (2002-2014) were obtained from: AB, BC, MB, and SK. Data were age and sex standardized to the matching year and aggregated into a representative sample of the Canadian population. Hospitalization rates were assessed as follows: 1. All cause hospitalizations: all admissions regardless of indication; 2. IBD-specific: an admission directly resulting from IBD ; 3. IBD-related: an admission for IBD, or a symptom or comorbidity associated with IBD (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis). Using prevalence estimates from the provinces, hospitalization rates (per 100 persons with IBD) were calculated, with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average models were created to estimate number of hospitalizations and corresponding prevalence to forecast hospitalization rates to 2030 with 95% prediction intervals (PI). Poisson  regression estimated the Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC), with 95% CIs, of the forecasted data.In 2002 there were 35.3 per 100  all cause hospitalizations for IBD patients and this decreased to 24.9 per 100  in 2014. Similar trends were seen for IBD-specific hospitalizations [16.8 per 100  in 2002 to 8.7 per 100  in 2014] and IBD-related  in 2002 to 13.4 per 100  in 2014). When forecasted out to 2030 all hospitalization types were significantly decreasing\u2014the AAPC for all cause hospitalizations was -2.12% , -3.77%  for IBD-specific, and -3.09%  for IBD-related. By 2030, the rates of hospitalization are forecasted to be 17.0 per 100 , 4.6 per 100 , and 7.9 per 100  for all cause, IBD-specific, and IBD-related, respectively.In Canada, rates of hospitalizations for those with IBD have decreased from 2002 to 2014. The use of anti-TNF therapy in conjunction with the evolution of clinical monitoring, management and guidelines, likely has contributed to dropping hospitalization rates. Forecast models estimate a continued drop in hospitalization rates out to 2030. Importantly, healthcare resource planning should account for the shift from hospital-based to clinic-centric models of IBD care.CIHRS. Coward: None Declared, E. Benchimol Consultant of: Hoffman La-Roche Limited and Peabody & Arnold LLP for matters unrelated to medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease and McKesson Canada and the Dairy Farmers of Ontario for matters unrelated to medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease., C. Bernstein Grant / Research support from: Unrestricted educational grants from Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, and Takeda Canada. Has received research grants from Abbvie Canada, Amgen Canada, Pfizer Canada, and Sandoz Canada and contract grants from Janssen, Abbvie and Pfizer, Consultant of: Abbvie Canada, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, JAMP Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada, Sandoz Canada, and Takeda., Speakers bureau of: Abbvie Canada, Janssen Canada, Pfizer Canada and Takeda Canada, J. A. Avina-Zubieta: None Declared, A. Bitton: None Declared, L. Hracs: None Declared, J. Jones Consultant of: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, Takeda, Speakers bureau of: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, Takeda, E. Kuenzig: None Declared, L. Lu: None Declared, S. Murthy: None Declared, Z. Nugent: None Declared, A. Otley Grant / Research support from: Unrestricted educational grants from AbbVie Canada and Janssen Canada, Consultant of: Advisory boards of AbbVie Canada, Janssen Canada and Nestle, R. Panaccione Consultant of: Abbott, AbbVie, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmos Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pendopharm, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Theravance Biopharma, Trellus, Viatris, UCB. Advisory Boards for: AbbVie, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Shire, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, J.-N. Pena-Sanchez: None Declared, H. Singh Consultant of: Pendopharm, Amgen Canada, Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Roche Canada, Sandoz Canada, Takeda Canada, and Guardant Health, Inc.,, L. Targownik Grant / Research support from: Investigator initiated funding from Janssen Canada, Consultant of: [Advisory board] AbbVie Canada, Takeda Canada, Merck Canada, Pfizer Canada, Janssen Canada, Roche Canada, and Sandoz Canada, J. Windsor: None Declared, G. Kaplan Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Janssen, AbbVie, GlaxoSmith Kline, Merck, and Shire, Consultant of: Gilead, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, and Takeda"}
+{"text": "Correction: Cancer Cell International (2022) 22: 47https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-021-02372-2In this article , the affThe correct affiliations are given below:Caiyan Shi: The Department of Medical Oncology, Hainan West Central Hospital, Danzhou, 571700, Hainan, China.Yilin Xu: Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, 223001, Jiangsu, China."}
+{"text": "E-adjuvanted RSVPreF3 OA in adults \u2265 60 YOA.RSV-associated acute respiratory infections (ARI), particularly lower respiratory tract diseases (LRTD), present a significant disease burden in older adults. Currently, there are no approved vaccines against RSV. We present results from an ongoing study designed to demonstrate the vaccine efficacy (VE) of the AS01This ongoing, phase 3, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-country study (NCT04886596) enrolled adults \u2265 60 YOA from the northern and southern hemispheres. Participants were randomized (1:1) to receive a single dose of RSVPreF3 OA or placebo before the RSV season. The primary objective was to demonstrate VE of a single dose of RSVPreF3 OA in preventing RSV-confirmed LRTD during one RSV season . VE is reported also against severe RSV-confirmed LRTD, RSV-confirmed ARI, RSV-confirmed LRTD and RSV-confirmed ARI by RSV subtype (RSV-A and RSV-B), and RSV-confirmed LRTD by age, baseline comorbidity and frailty status. RSV-A/B was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR.Figure\u00a01). Cumulative incidence curves for RSV-confirmed LRTD and RSV-confirmed ARI showed persistent efficacy throughout the follow-up .A total of 26,664 participants were enrolled, of whom 24,966  were included in the exposed set and 24,960  in the efficacy analysis. The mean age was 69.5 (\u00b16.5) years and 51.7% were women. Over a median follow-up of 6.7 months (maximum 10.1 months), 47 RSV-confirmed LRTD episodes were reported , resulting in a VE of 82.6% (96.95% CI: 57.9\u201394.1), thus the primary objective was met. Consistently high VE across the clinical spectrum of RSV disease, from RSV-confirmed ARI (71.7% [95% CI: 56.2\u201382.3]) to severe RSV-confirmed LRTD (94.1% [95% CI: 62.4\u201399.9]) was observed. High VE was seen in different age groups and regardless of RSV subtype, baseline comorbidity or pre-frail status .Michael G. Ison, MD MS, GlaxoSmithKline: Advisor/Consultant|GlaxoSmithKline: Grant/Research Support Alberto Papi, MD, CHIESI, ASTRAZENECA, GSK, BI, MENARINI, NOVARTIS, ZAMBON, MUNDIPHARMA, SANOFI, AVILLION: Honoraria|CHIESI, ASTRAZENECA, GSK, NOVARTIS, SANOFI, IQVIA, AVILLION, ELPEN PHARMACEUTICALS: Advisor/Consultant|CHIESI, ASTRAZENECA, GSK, NOVARTIS, SANOFI, IQVIA, AVILLION, ELPEN PHARMACEUTICALS: Board Member|CHIESI, ASTRAZENECA, GSK, SANOFI: Grant/Research Support Joanne M. Langley, MD, GSK, Merck, Medicago, Sanofi, VBI, VIDO, Entos, Pfizer: Grant/Research Support Isabel Leroux-Roels, PhD MD, Curevac: payment to my institution for the conduct of clinical trials|GSK: payment to my institution for the conduct of clinical trials|ICON Genetics: payment to my institution for the conduct of clinical trials|Janssen Vaccines (J&J): Board Member|Janssen Vaccines (J&J): payment to my institution for the conduct of clinical trials|Osivax: payment to my institution for the conduct of clinical trials Federico Martinon-Torres, MD, PhD, Assoc. Prof, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Sanofi, Merck, Moderna, Astra Zeneca, Biofabri, Janssen, Novavax: Advisor/Consultant|GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Sanofi, Merck, Moderna, Astra Zeneca, Biofabri, Janssen, Novavax: Grant/Research Support|GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Sanofi, Merck, Moderna, Astra Zeneca, Biofabri, Janssen, Novavax: Honoraria|GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Sanofi, Merck, Moderna, Astra Zeneca, Biofabri, Janssen, Novavax: Cl\u00ednical trials fees paid to my institution Tino F. Schwarz, Prof. Dr. MD, GlaxoSmithKline: Advisor/Consultant Richard N. Van Zyl-Smit, PhD MD, MSD, Pfizer, GSK, Astra Zeneca, Roche, Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cipla, J&J, Glenmark: Advisor/Consultant|MSD, Pfizer, GSK, Astra Zeneca, Roche, Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cipla, J&J, Glenmark: Honoraria Nancy Dezutter, PhD, PharmD, GlaxoSmithKline: GSK employee|GlaxoSmithKline: Stocks/Bonds Nathalie De Schrevel, PhD, GlaxoSmithKline: GSK employee Laurence Fissette, Master in Statistics, GlaxoSmithKline: GSK employee|GlaxoSmithKline: Stocks/Bonds Marie-Pierre David, Master in Statistics, GlaxoSmithKline: GSK employee|GlaxoSmithKline: Stocks/Bonds Marie Van Der Wielen, MD, GlaxoSmithKline: GSK employee|GlaxoSmithKline: Stocks/Bonds Lusine Kostanyan, MD, GlaxoSmithKline: GSK employee|GlaxoSmithKline: Stocks/Bonds Veronica Hulstr\u00f8m, PhD MD, GlaxoSmithKline: GSK employee."}
+{"text": "February 28, 2022, In the article \u201cDifferential Electrographic Signatures Generated by Mechanistically-Diverse Seizurogenic Compounds in the Larval Zebrafish Brain,\u201d by Joseph Pinion, Callum Walsh, Marc Goodfellow, Andrew D. Randall, Charles R. Tyler, and Matthew J. Winter, which was published online on"}
+{"text": "Neuro-Oncology Advances, Volume 4, Issue 1, January-December 2022, vdac084, https://doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdac084This is a corrigendum to: Michelle A Wedemeyer, Ivo Muskens, Ben A Strickland, Oscar Aurelio, Vahan Martirosian, Joseph L Wiemels, Daniel J Weisenberger, Kai Wang, Debraj Mukerjee, Suhn K Rhie, Gabriel Zada, Epigenetic dysregulation in meningiomas, In the originally published version of this manuscript Gabriel Zada was listed as the corresponding author in error. Both Gabriel Zada and Suhn K. Rhie should have been listed as co-corresponding authors.This error has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Mirikizumab (miri) improved symptom control in a Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled induction study at Week (W)12, in patients (pts) with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis .This analysis assessed sustained symptom control during the maintenance phase through W40 (W52 of continuous therapy), among pts who were induced into clinical response with miri.During the 40W maintenance study (LUCENT-2), pts (N=544) who achieved clinical response to miri 300mg Q4W by W12 of induction, were re-randomized 2:1 to subcutaneous (SC) miri 200mg (n=365) or PBO Q4W (n=179). We evaluated sustained control of stool frequency (SF), rectal bleeding (RB), bowel movement urgency (BU) and abdominal pain (AP). The proportion of pts achieving SF Remission , RB Remission (RB=0), Symptomatic Remission (both SF and RB Remission), Stable Maintenance of Symptomatic Remission , and AP Improvement  were assessed. BU NRS change from baseline, and the proportion of pts achieving BU Remission (NRS 0 or 1 in pts with BU NRS \u22653 at baseline) were evaluated.A greater proportion of miri-treated pts achieved SF Remission, RB Remission and Symptomatic Remission compared to PBO at W40 (Table), with significant differences observed from W8 of LUCENT-2  and maintained through W40. Miri-treated pts had a significantly higher percentage of Stable Maintenance of Symptomatic Remission (p<0.001). Pts in the miri-treatment group had a significantly greater mean reduction in BU NRS change from induction BL starting at W12 (p=0.034) onwards compared to PBO (Table). Pts assigned to miri accrued an additional 13.6 percentage-point benefit in BU Remission during the first 8W of maintenance therapy and achieved a significant greater improvement at W40 compared to PBO . Similarly, AP was significantly improved for the miri-treated group starting at W16 (p=0.034) onwards compared to PBO.Miri provides sustained control of UC symptoms including BU, RB, and SF compared to PBO in pts with moderately to severely active UC.OtherEli Lilly and CompanyA. Dignass Consultant of: AbbVie, Abivax, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb (Celgene), Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Fresenius Kabi, Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Roche, Sandoz/Hexal, Takeda, Tillotts Pharma AG, and Vifor Pharma; has received lecture fees or honoraria from: AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr. Falk Pharma, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos, High5Md, Janssen, Materia, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Sandoz, Takeda, Tillotts Pharma AG, and Vifor Pharma, S. Danese Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Allergan, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Athos Therapeutics, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Enthera, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Hospira, Inotrem, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mundipharma, Mylan, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz Sublimity, Takeda, TiGenix, UCB Pharma, and Vifor Pharma, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Mylan, Pfizer, and Takeda, K. Matsuoka Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, EA Pharma, JIMRO, Kissei Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Mochida Pharmaceutical, and Zeria Pharmaceutical Nippon; lecture fees from: AbbVie, EA Pharma, JIMRO, Kissei Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kyorin, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Takeda, and Zeria Pharmaceutical Nippon, M. Ferrante Grant / Research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Janssen Cilag, Pfizer, Takeda, and Viatris, Consultant of: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Cilag, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sandoz, Takeda, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Dr. Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly and Company, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Lamepro, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mylan, Pfizer, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, Takeda, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, M. Long Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calibr, Eli Lilly and Company, Genentech, Janssen, Pfizer, Prometheus Biosciences, Roche, Takeda, TARGET PharmaSolutions, and Theravance Biopharma, I. Redondo Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, T. Gibble Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, R. Moses Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, X. Li Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, N. Morris Employee of: Eli Lilly and Company, C. Milch Employee of: Former employee, was employed at Eli Lilly and Company at the time of study, M. Abreu Grant / Research support from: Pfizer, Prometheus Biosciences, and Takeda, Consultant of: AbbVie, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Microba Life Sciences, Prometheus Biosciences, UCB Pharma, and WebMD, Speakers bureau of: Alimentiv, Intellisphere LLC , Janssen, Prime CME, and Takeda, J. Jones: None Declared"}
+{"text": "Ventilation weaning and extubation readiness in children in pediatric intensive care unit: A review By Poletto E, Cavagnero F, Pettenazzo M, Visentin D, Zanatta L, Zoppelletto F, Pettenazzo A, Daverio M and Bonardi CM. (2022) Front. Pediatr. 10: 867739. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.867739A corrigendum on In the published article, the first and last names were switched. The author list has been changed from Poletto Elisa, Cavagnero Francesca, Pettenazzo Marco, Visentin Davide, Zanatta Laura, Zoppelletto Fabrizio, Pettenazzo Andrea, Daverio Marco and Bonardi Claudia Maria to Elisa Poletto, Francesca Cavagnero, Marco Pettenazzo, Davide Visentin, Laura Zanatta, Fabrizio Zoppelletto, Andrea Pettenazzo, Marco Daverio and Claudia Maria Bonardi.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15717-2, published online 06 July 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for the corresponding author Amanda Lange Salvia.The correct affiliations are listed below:Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I - BR 285, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, BrazilEuropean School of Sustainability Science and Research, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Ulmenliet 20, D-21033, Hamburg, GermanyThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because AMAS agreed with the retraction. MY, NAR, NAK, AAZ, GAK, MWA, and MA either did not respond directly or could not be reached. HZ, TL, SH, SS, HK, MJA, ATKZ, and YL did not agree with the retraction."}
+{"text": "Salmonella enterica serovars recovered from poultry processing environments at wet markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh. PLoS ONE 17(2): e0254465.The second, third, fourth, and fifth authors\u2019 names are spelled incorrectly. The correct names are: Md Samun Sarker, Md. Shahidur Rahman Khan, Md. Tanvir Rahman, and Md. Abdul Kafi. The correct citation is: Siddiky NA, Sarker MS, Khan MSR, Rahman MT, Kafi MA, Samad MA (2022) Virulence and antimicrobial resistance profile of non-typhoidal The publisher apologizes for the errors."}
+{"text": "Fifteen percent of patients with cancer experience symptomatic sequelae, which impair post\u2013COVID-19 outcomes. In this study, we investigated whether a proinflammatory status is associated with the development of COVID-19 sequelae.OnCovid recruited 2795 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection between February 27, 2020, and February 14, 2021. This analysis focused on COVID-19 survivors who underwent a clinical reassessment after the exclusion of patients with hematological malignancies. We evaluated the association of inflammatory markers collected at COVID-19 diagnosis with sequelae, considering the impact of previous systemic anticancer therapy. All statistical tests were 2-sided.P\u2009<\u2009.001), lactate dehydrogenase , and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio  were statistically significantly higher among patients who experienced sequelae, whereas no association was reported for the platelet to lymphocyte ratio and the OnCovid Inflammatory Score, which includes albumin and lymphocytes. The widest area under the ROC curve (AUC) was reported for baseline CRP , followed by the NLR  and lactate dehydrogenase . Using a fixed categorical multivariable analysis, high CRP  and NLR  were confirmed to be statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of sequelae. Exposure to chemotherapy was associated with a decreased risk of sequelae , whereas no associations with immune checkpoint inhibitors, endocrine therapy, and other types of systemic anticancer therapy were found.Of 1339 eligible patients, 203 experienced at least 1 sequela (15.2%). Median baseline C-reactive protein (CRP; 77.5\u2009mg/L vs 22.2\u2009mg/L, Although the association between inflammatory status, recent chemotherapy and sequelae warrants further investigation, our findings suggest that a deranged proinflammatory reaction at COVID-19 diagnosis may predict for sequelae development. Increasing evidence highlights that an important proportion of COVID-19 survivors are at risk of protracted symptomatic consequences after the acute Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection . A wide In the general population, between 13% and 60% of COVID-19 survivors are at risk of developing post\u2013COVID-19 symptoms . ConsideThe OnCovid study, the largest European COVID-19 and cancer registry , has higAgainst this background, the lack of biomarkers that can predict for the future emergence of COVID-19 sequelae in patients who survive the acute phase is a point of the utmost interest. The discovery of reproducible clinical and biologic predictors is an area of high unmet need, because it would allow clinicians to identify patient subgroups who should be prioritized for enhanced follow-up, preventative strategies, and therapeutic interventions.Inflammation is a recognized driver of severe COVID-19 also in patients with cancer ; we prevThe purpose of this study is to verify whether noninvasive biomarkers of the systemic inflammatory response measured at SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis are associated with the emergence of sequelae in patients who survive COVID-19.OnCovid (NCT04393974) is an active European registry study enrolling consecutive patients fulfilling the following inclusion criteria: 1) aged 18\u2009years and older; 2) diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of a nasopharyngeal swab ; and 3) For the purpose of this analysis, we focused on patients who survived COVID-19 and underwent a formal clinical post\u2013COVID-19 assessment at participating institutions .Methodology of data collection for the OnCovid registry was described elsewhere ,10,11, aThe study population was accrued from 35 institutions across 6 countries  and diagnosed with COVID-19 between February 27, 2020, and February 14, 2021. The data lock for the present analysis was March 1, 2021.The primary objective of this study was to evaluate a panel of proinflammatory biomarkers of consolidated prognostic role in patients with cancer  measured9/L] as a derivation of the prognostic nutritional index, already renamed in the context of COVID-19) , lactate dehydrogenase , the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the OnCovid Inflammatory Score (OIS), which combines lymphopenia and hypoalbuminemia only  .Before any clinicopathologic correlation, we first reported the distribution of each biomarker and then evaluated their individual predictive ability for the association with COVID-19 sequelae as continuous variables through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. Acknowledging that the effect of inflammatory indices in the post\u2013COVID-19 setting had not been investigated before, we also computed optimal cutoffs to test them as categorical variables in fixed multivariable models for COVID-19 sequelae overall, respiratory sequalae, and post\u2013COVID-19 fatigue. Considering missing data for laboratory values and their scattered distribution, each inflammatory biomarker was evaluated independently. An exploratory ROC curves comparison was also performed. We also evaluated the impact on post\u2013COVID-19 survival of inflammatory biomarkers assessed at the time of first oncologic reassessment, which included the laboratory testing with remote clinical consultations or face-to-face visits.Accounting for the unbalanced distribution of patient- and disease-related features across the subgroups, we used fixed multivariable regression models, adjusting all estimates for clinical characteristics already known to influence outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and cancer and as already performed in previously published analyses from the OnCovid study ,10\u201312. KIn addition, we evaluated the relationship between COVID-19 sequelae and exposure to different types of SACT at COVID-19 diagnosis. Patients who were not on SACT were elected as the reference group. Exposure to SACT was defined as the receipt of any SACT regimen within 4\u2009weeks before SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis and was categorized as follows: chemotherapy ; ICI-based regimens (without chemotherapy); endocrine therapy; tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies (MABs); and poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) and cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i).In consideration of the complex interrelationships between SACT and the underlying tumor in influencing clinical outcomes in cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19, the interaction terms between SACT regimens and primary tumor, tumor stage, and tumour status were also tested in independent models, and separate additional analyses among patients with advanced and nonadvanced disease were presented. Lastly, we tested the distribution of median baseline inflammatory markers or indices statistically significantly associated with COVID-19 sequelae according to different SACT regimens. Detailed study methodology is summarized in OnCovid was granted central approval by the United Kingdom Health Research Authority (20/HRA/1608) and by the corresponding research ethics committees at each participating institution. A full waiver of consent because of the retrospective nature of the study was granted by the UK Health Research Authority in accordance with UK law because of the anonymized nature of the patient data and retrospective design of the study.2 test. Inflammatory markers were reported as median with interquartile ranges (IQRs). The Kruskal\u2013Wallis test was used to compare the median values of continuous data. A ROC curve analysis with the computation of the area under the curve (AUC) was performed for each inflammatory marker with respect of COVID-19 sequelae, then the optimal cutoffs were determined using the Youden\u2019s J statistic. Fixed multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the impact of analyzed factors on the risk of COVID-19 sequelae and presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Through the fixed models, each inflammatory index was evaluated separately but adjusting for all the same preselected covariates. Post\u2013COVID-19 survival was defined as the length of time from the date of the first post\u2013COVID-19 assessment to the date of a patient\u2019s death (for any cause) or last follow-up and was estimated with the Kaplan\u2013Meier method, with comparisons computed with the log-rank test. The median post\u2013COVID-19 follow-up was estimated with the reverse Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the impact on the risk of death after COVID-19 recovery and were presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals. To verify hazards distribution proportionality, the interaction with time of each inflammatory marker at the post\u2013COVID-19 reassessment was tested. P less than .05 was considered statistically significant, and all statistical tests were 2-sided. Analyses were performed using the MedCalc Statistical Software version 20  and the IBM SPSS Statistics software, Version: 28.0.1.0 (142). Figures were created in Prism V.8 .Baseline characteristics were summarized as categorical variables and reported using descriptive statistics. Associations between categorical variables were tested using the Pearson \u03c7As previously reported , 2795 coP\u2009=\u2009.78). Baseline patient, tumor, and COVID-19 characteristics of the included population overall and according to the experience of COVID-19 sequelae are reported in Overall, at least 1 sequela was reported for 203 patients (15.2%), including respiratory symptoms , residual fatigue , weight loss , neuro-cognitive symptoms , and others . The median times from COVID-19 to the post\u2013COVID-19 reassessment according to the experience of sequelae were 42\u2009days (IQR = 27-63.7 days) and 44\u2009days (IQR = 27-64 days) (P\u2009<\u2009.001), LDH , and NLR  were statistically significantly higher among patients who experienced sequelae, whereas no association were reported regarding median baseline PLR and OIS. ROC curve analyses are summarized in Median baseline values of inflammatory markers (at COVID-19 diagnosis) among the overall population and according to COVID-19 sequelae are reported in A further post\u2013COVID-19 survival follow-up was available for 780 patients, with a median value of 123\u2009days (95% CI = 103 to 147 days) and a median post COVID-19 survival, which was not reached (126 events) in the overall population.Median values of post\u2013COVID-19 inflammatory markers or indices were assessed at the same time as the clinical reassessment (median of 44\u2009days from COVID-19), and their categorical distribution is summarized in P\u2009=\u2009.33). The proportions of patients receiving SACT within 4\u2009weeks of COVID-19 diagnosis are reported in P\u2009=\u2009.012; P\u2009=\u2009.04; The median baseline CRP was statistically significantly different across different SACT categories (P\u2009=\u2009.06), tumor stage (P\u2009=\u2009.41), and tumor status (P\u2009=\u2009.82). The receipt of chemotherapy was confirmed to be associated with a decreased risk of sequelae among patients with nonadvanced disease on the multivariable analysis  .Role of the funder: Neither sponsor nor the funders of the study had any role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report.Disclosures: DJP received lecture fees from ViiV Healthcare, Bayer Healthcare, BMS, Roche, EISAI, Falk Foundation, travel expenses from BMS and Bayer Healthcare; consulting fees for Mina Therapeutics, EISAI, Roche, DaVolterra and Astra Zeneca; research funding (to institution) from MSD and BMS. AP has declared personal honoraria from Pfizer, Roche, MSD Oncology, Eli Lilly, and Daiichi Sankyo; travel, accommodations, and expenses paid by Daiichi Sankyo; research funding from Roche and Novartis; and consulting/advisory role for NanoString Technologies, Amgen, Roche, Novartis, Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb.Matteo Lambertini acted as consultant for Roche, Novartis, Lilly, AstraZeneca, Exact Sciences, MSD, Pfizer, Seagen and received speaker honoraria from Roche, Novartis, Lilly, Pfizer, Takeda, Ipsen and Sandoz outside the submitted work. EF declared research founding to institution be Pfizer and travel expenses from Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer and Esai. TND has declared consulting/advisory role for Amgen, Bayer, AstraZeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Otsuka, Pfizer, Roche, and Takeda; speakers fees from AstraZeneca, MSD, Roche, Takeda and travel, accommodations and expenses paid by AstraZenca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, MSD, Otsuka, Roche, and Takeda. JB has declared consulting/advisory role for MSD and Astra Zeneca. MT declares travel grants from Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, Takeda and Honoraria as medical writer from Novartis, Amgen outside the submitted work. AG has declared consulting/advisory role for Roche, MSD, Eli Lilly, Pierre Fabre, EISAI, and Daichii Sankyo; speakers bureau for Eisai, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Roche, Teva, Gentili, Pfizer, Astra Zeneca, Celgene, and Daichii Sankyo; research funds: EISAI, Eli Lilly, and Roche. CMV has received travel grants and other honoraria from BMS, MSD, Novartis and Roche. GG has declared consulting/advisory role for Janssen, Abbvie, Astra-Zeneca and BeiGene, and speaker fees from Janssen and Abbvie. LR received consulting fees from Servier, Amgen, ArQule, AstraZeneca, Basilea, Bayer, BMS, Celgene, Eisai, Exelixis, Genenta, Hengrui, Incyte, Ipsen, IQVIA, Lilly, MSD, Nerviano Medical Sciences, Roche, Sanofi, Zymeworks; lecture fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Bayer, Eisai, Gilead, Incyte, Ipsen, Lilly, Merck Serono, Roche, Sanofi; travel expenses from Ipsen; and institutional research funding from Agios, ARMO BioSciences, AstraZeneca, BeiGene, Eisai, Exelixis, Fibrogen, Incyte, Ipsen, Lilly, MSD, Nerviano Medical Sciences, Roche, Zymeworks.AC received consulting fees from MSD, BMS, AstraZeneca, Roche; speakers\u2019 fee from AstraZeneca, MSD, Novartis and Eisai. All remaining authors have declared no conflicts of interest.Author contributions: Conceptualization: AC, DJP. Methodology: AC, DJP. Software: AC. Validation: AC, DJP. Formal analysis: AC, LS, DF. Investigation: AC, AG, DJP. Resources: AG, DJP. Data Curation: AC, AG, FP, EC, GP TND, AB, MV, JAC, OM, EF, AJCL, ADP, RS, JB, AC, JC, UM, LS, SD, ASL, DF, MVH, CM, BR, ES, FB, MK, JMH, GG, AP, RB, ER, LF, AP, FG, RS, CMV, AS, AL, CM, AS, MI, PP, GR, AS, LR, SR, NH, ASdT, BV, ML, SP, DG, SG, RB, MT, FM, ML, MT, AP, FZ, PQ, RG, AG, AZ, CT, AM, MB, EC, ND, AS, MB, IRC, DJP. Writing\u2014Original Draft: AC, DJP. Writing\u2014Review and Editing: AC, AG, FP, EC, GP TND, AB, MV, JAC, OM, EF, AJCL, ADP, RS, JB, AC, JC, UM, LS, SD, ASL, DF, MVH, CM, BR, ES, FB, MK, JMH, GG, AP, RB, ER, LF, AP, FG, RS, CMV, AS, AL, CM, AS, MI, PP, GR, AS, LR, SR, NH, ASdT, BV, ML, SP, DG, SG, RB, MT, FM, ML, MT, AP, FZ, PQ, RG, AG, AZ, CT, AM, MB, EC, ND, AS, MB, IRC, DJP. Visualization: AC. Supervision: DJP. Project administration: AC. Funding acquisition: DJP.Acknowledgements: OnCovid received direct project funding and infrastructural support by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). D.J. Pinato is supported by grant funding from the Wellcome Trust Strategic Fund (PS3416) and acknowledges grant support from the Cancer Treatment and Research Trust (CTRT) and the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC MFAG Grant ID 25697). A. Cortellini is supported by the NIHR Imperial BRC. G. Gaidano is supported by the AIRC 5\u2009\u00d7\u20091000 Grant, No. 21198, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Foundation, Milan, Italy. A. Gennari is supported by the AIRC IG Grant, No. 14230, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Foundation, Milan, Italy. A. Gennari and G. Gaidano from the University of Piemonte Orientale  acknowledge support from the UPO Aging Project.Members of the OnCovid study group: Georgina Hanbury, Chris Chung, Meera Patel , Gino Dettorre , Christopher CT Sng, Tamara Yu, Marianne Shawe-Taylor, Hamish DC Bain, Lee Cooper, Lucy Rogers, Katherine Belessiotis, Cian Murphy, Samira Bawany, Saira Khalique, Ramis Andaleeb , Eleanor Apthorp , Roxana Reyes , David Garcia-Illescas, Nadia Saoudi , Ariadna Roqu\u00e9 Lloveras , Ricard Mesia, Andrea Plaja, Marc Cucurull , Federica Grosso, Vittorio Fusco, , Alice Baggi, , Maristella Saponara , Luca Cantini .Disclaimer: The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.The data that support the findings of this study are not publicly available. They can be made available upon reasonable to the corresponding author [AC].djac057_Supplementary_DataClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which includes Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is believed to involve activation of the intestinal immune system in response to the gut microbiome among genetically susceptible hosts. IBD has been historically regarded as a disease of developed nations, though in the past two decades there has been a reported shift in the epidemiological pattern of disease. High-income nations with known high prevalence of disease are seeing a stabilization of incident cases, while a rapid rise of incident IBD is being observed in developing nations. This suggests that environmental exposures may play a role in mediating the risk of developing IBD. The potential environmental determinants of IBD across various regions is vast, though medications have been increasingly recognized as one broad category of risk factors.Several medications have been considered to contribute to the etiology of IBD. This study assessed the association between medication use and risk of developing IBD using the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) cohort.This was a prospective cohort study of 133,137 individuals between the ages of 20-80 from 24 countries. Country-specific validated questionnaires documented baseline and follow-up medication use. Participants were followed prospectively at least every 3 years. The main outcome was development of IBD, including CD and UC. Short-term (baseline but not follow-up use) and long-term use (baseline and subsequent follow-up use) was evaluated. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).During the median follow-up of 11.0 years [interquartile range (IQR) 9.2-12.2], we recorded 571 incident cases of IBD (143 CD and 428 UC). Higher risk of incident IBD was associated with baseline antibiotic use  and hormonal medication use . Among females, previous or current oral contraceptive use was also associated with IBD development . NSAID users were also observed to have increased risk of IBD , which was driven by long-term users . All significant results were consistent in direction for CD and UC with low heterogeneity.Antibiotics, hormonal medications, oral contraceptives, and long-term NSAID use were associated with increased odds of incident IBD after adjustment for covariates.OtherSalim Yusuf is supported by the Heart & Stroke Foundation/Marion W. Burke Chair in Cardiovascular Disease. The PURE Study is an investigator-initiated study funded by the Population Health Research Institute, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario, support from CIHR\u2019s Strategy for Patient Oriented Research (SPOR) through the Ontario SPOR Support Unit, as well as the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and through unrestricted grants from several pharmaceutical companies, with major contributions from AstraZeneca (Canada), Sanofi-Aventis (France and Canada), Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany and Canada), Servier, and GlaxoSmithkline, and additional contributions from Novartis and King Pharma and from various national or local organisations in participating countries; these include: Argentina: Fundacion ECLA; Bangladesh: Independent University, Bangladesh and Mitra and Associates; Brazil: Unilever Health Institute, Brazil; Canada: Public Health Agency of Canada and Champlain Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Network; Chile: Universidad de la Frontera; China: National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases; Colombia: Colciencias, grant number 6566-04-18062; India: Indian Council of Medical Research; Malaysia: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation of Malaysia, grant numbers 100 -IRDC/BIOTEK 16/6/21 (13/2007) and 07-05-IFN-BPH 010, Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia grant number 600 -RMI/LRGS/5/3 (2/2011), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM-Hejim-Komuniti-15-2010); occupied Palestinian territory: the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, occupied Palestinian territory; International Development Research Centre, Canada; Philippines: Philippine Council for Health Research & Development; Poland: Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education grant number 290/W-PURE/2008/0, Wroclaw Medical University; Saudi Arabia: the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (research group number RG -1436-013); South Africa: the North-West University, SANPAD (SA and Netherlands Programme for Alternative Development), National Research Foundation, Medical Research Council of SA, The SA Sugar Association (SASA), Faculty of Community and Health Sciences (UWC); Sweden: grants from the Swedish state under the Agreement concerning research and education of doctors; the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation; the Swedish Research Council; the Swedish Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, King Gustaf V\u2019s and Queen Victoria Freemasons Foundation, AFA Insurance, Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research, Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, grant from the Swedish State under the L\u00e4kar Utbildnings Avtalet agreement, and grant from the V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland Region; Turkey: Metabolic Syndrome Society, AstraZeneca, Turkey, Sanofi Aventis, Turkey; United Arab Emirates (UAE): Sheikh Hamdan Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Award For Medical Sciences and Dubai Health Authority, Dubai UAE.C. Pray: None Declared, N. Narula Grant / Research support from: Neeraj Narula holds a McMaster University Department of Medicine Internal Career Award. Neeraj Narula has received honoraria from Janssen, Abbvie, Takeda, Pfizer, Merck, and Ferring, E. C. Wong: None Declared, J. K. Marshall Grant / Research support from: John K. Marshall has received honoraria from Janssen, AbbVie, Allergan, Bristol-Meyer-Squibb, Ferring, Janssen, Lilly, Lupin, Merck, Pfizer, Pharmascience, Roche, Shire, Takeda and Teva., S. Rangarajan: None Declared, S. Islam: None Declared, A. Bahonar: None Declared, K. F. Alhabib: None Declared, A. Kontsevaya: None Declared, F. Ariffin: None Declared, H. U. Co: None Declared, W. Al Sharief: None Declared, A. Szuba: None Declared, A. Wielgosz: None Declared, M. L. Diaz: None Declared, R. Yusuf: None Declared, L. Kruger: None Declared, B. Soman: None Declared, Y. Li: None Declared, C. Wang: None Declared, L. Yin: None Declared, M. Erkin: None Declared, F. Lanas: None Declared, K. Davletov: None Declared, A. Rosengren: None Declared, P. Lopez-Jaramillo: None Declared, R. Khatib: None Declared, A. Oguz: None Declared, R. Iqbal: None Declared, K. Yeates: None Declared, \u00c1. Avezum: None Declared, W. Reinisch Consultant of: Speaker for Abbott Laboratories, Abbvie, Aesca, Aptalis, Astellas, Centocor, Celltrion, Danone Austria, Elan, Falk Pharma GmbH, Ferring, Immundiagnostik, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Otsuka, PDL, Pharmacosmos, PLS Education, Schering-Plough, Shire, Takeda, Therakos, Vifor, Yakult, Consultant for Abbott Laboratories, Abbvie, Aesca, Algernon, Amgen, AM Pharma, AMT, AOP Orphan, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Avaxia, Roland Berger GmBH, Bioclinica, Biogen IDEC, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cellerix, Chemocentryx, Celgene, Centocor, Celltrion, Covance, Danone Austria, DSM, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ernest & Young, Falk Pharma GmbH, Ferring, Galapagos, Genentech, Gilead, Gr\u00fcnenthal, ICON, Index Pharma, Inova, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Pharma, Lipid Therapeutics, LivaNova, Mallinckrodt, Medahead, MedImmune, Millenium, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Nash Pharmaceuticals, Nestle, Nippon Kayaku, Novartis, Ocera, Omass, Otsuka, Parexel, PDL, Periconsulting, Pharmacosmos, Philip Morris Institute, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, Prometheus, Protagonist, Provention, Robarts Clinical Trial, Sandoz, Schering-Plough, Second Genome, Seres Therapeutics, Setpointmedical, Sigmoid, Sublimity, Takeda, Therakos, Theravance, Tigenix, UCB, Vifor, Zealand, Zyngenia, and 4SC, Advisory board member for Abbott Laboratories, Abbvie, Aesca, Amgen, AM Pharma, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Avaxia, Biogen IDEC, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cellerix, Chemocentryx, Celgene, Centocor, Celltrion, Danone Austria, DSM, Elan, Ferring, Galapagos, Genentech, Gr\u00fcnenthal, Inova, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Pharma, Lipid Therapeutics, MedImmune, Millenium, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Nestle, Novartis, Ocera, Otsuka, PDL, Pharmacosmos, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, Prometheus, Sandoz, Schering-Plough, Second Genome, Setpointmedical, Takeda, Therakos, Tigenix, UCB, Zealand, Zyngenia, and 4SC, P. Moayyedi: None Declared, S. Yusuf: None Declared"}
+{"text": "Journal of Surgical Case Reports, Volume 2021, Issue 8, August 2021, rjab351, https://doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjab351This is a correction to: Rema J. Malik, Mark H. Falahee, Elyne N. Kahn, Michael J. Heidenreich, David Springstead, and Abdulhameed Aziz, Rapid, midline retroperitoneal exposure for four-level anterior lumbar interbody fusion\u2013technical case atlas, In the originally published version of this manuscript, the order of authors was incorrect: Mark H. Falahee, Elyne N. Kahn, Michael J. Heidenreich, Abdulhameed Aziz, David Springstead, Rema J MalikThe correct order of authors is Rema J. Malik, Mark H. Falahee, Elyne N. Kahn, Michael J. Heidenreich, David Springstead, Abdulhameed AzizThis error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "A scientific journal exists only because of the good will and assistance of its reviewers. We can only publish approximately 25% of the papers we receive. In order to publish really high-quality papers, we depend on the expertise of many people. In 2022, a total of 344 reviewers provided their expert opinions for us to decide about the papers that we should publish. Their names are listed below and we would like to take this opportunity to thank them.Muhammad Abbas, ChinaBal\u00e1zs \u00c1d\u00e1m, HungaryR\u00f3za \u00c1d\u00e1ny, HungaryMathilde Adsersen, DenmarkGunnar \u00c5gren, SwedenCharles Agyemang, NetherlandsJohan \u00c5hlen, SwedenAbdulbaghi Ahmad, SwedenAdebisi Akande, CanadaYannis Alamanos, GreeceFrancois Alla, FranceSara Allin, CanadaJavier Almela-Baeza, SpainRidwanul Amin, SwedenPeter Angelopoulos, GreeceJohanna Anneser, United StatesCigdem Apaydin Kaya, TurkeyRamiz Arabaci, TurkeyBenjamin Aretz, GermanyDavid Armstrong, United KingdomLUCIA ARTAZCOZ, SpainBarbara Artnik, SloveniaPeter Aspinall, United KingdomPilar Astier, SpainBontha Babu, IndiaSekene Badiaga, FranceBirna Baldursdottir, IcelandAngelo Barbato, ItalyMArtina Barchitta, United StatesPepita Barlow, United KingdomOrna Baron-Epel, IsraelBen Barr, United KingdomXavier Bartoll, SpainSarah Basharat, PakistanLinda Bell, United KingdomJohannes Beller, GermanyNetta Bentur, IsraelD\u00e1niel Bereczki, HungaryLisa Berkman, United StatesMarriot Bernadette, United StatesVesna Bjegovic Mikanovic, SerbiaJonas Bj\u00f6rk, SwedenAnders Bjorkman, SwedenJenni Blomgren, FinlandEdwin Boezeman, NetherlandsHenrik B\u00f8ggild, DenmarkMicha\u00ebl Boissonneault, NetherlandsAlexander Bor, DenmarkGuilherme Borges, MexicoAlberto Borgetti, United StatesJennifer Boyd, United KingdomErica Briones-Vozmediano, Spain\u00d3scar Brito Fernandes, NetherlandsCorinne Brooks, United StatesHeather Brown, United KingdomLaura Brunelli, ItalyAnna Bucsics, AustriaAlex Burdorf, NetherlandsAndrea Buron, SpainHermann Burr, GermanyBo Burstr\u00f6m, SwedenMarcel Buster, NetherlandsNoriko Cable, United KingdomChiara Cadeddu, ItalyGabriella Cadoni, ItalyTimothy Callaghan, United StatesCristina Canova, ItalySimon Capewell, United KingdomMartin Caraher, United KingdomMargarida Cardoso, PortugalS Carol, United StatesEwan Carr, United KingdomSusan Carr, United KingdomPilar Carrasco-Garrido, SpainR Catalano, United StatesAngela Chang, DenmarkBoris Chapoton, FranceFrank Chesser, United StatesJenny Cisneros, SwedenSheelah Connolly, IrelandElisabeth Corker, United StatesClaudia Costa, PortugalHannah Covert, United StatesMatty Crone, NetherlandsPaolo Crosignani, ItalyCarol B. Cunradi, United StatesSarah Cuschieri, MaltaShaonong Dang, ChinaZuzana Dankulincova, SlovakiaMike Daube, AustraliaSascha de Breij, NetherlandsPauline de Heer, NetherlandsEline de Heus, NetherlandsJudith de Jong, NetherlandsEvelyne De Leeuw, Australiaalessandro de matteis, United KingdomAugusto Cesar De Moraes, BrazilCorrado De Vito, ItalyDJH Deeg, NetherlandsPatricia M. Dekkers-S\u00e1nchez, NetherlandsStefaan Demarest, BelgiumEvangelia Demou, United Kingdomalexis descatha, FranceFinn Diderichsen, DenmarkHenri\u00ebtte Dijkshoorn, NetherlandsCharalabos-Markos Dintsios, GermanyKritika Dixit, NepalAnnette J Dobson, AustraliaFel\u0131citas Dom\u0131nguez-Berjon, SpainDunja Dreesens, NetherlandsRuth Dundas, United KingdomXavier Duran, SpainAnna Dzielska, PolandFrida Eek, SwedenMikael Ekblad, FinlandOla Ekholm, DenmarkAnna Mia Ekstr\u00f6m, SwedenGeorge Ellison, United KingdomLeonardo Emberti Gialloreti, ItalyEric Emerson, United KingdomErdem Erkoyun, TurkeyMiriam Evensen, NorwayMichelle Falkenbach, United StatesDaniel Falkstedt, SwedenSara Farina, ItalyMichael Farrell, AustraliaAlbert Faye, FranceAriadna Feliu, SpainCarmine Finelli, ItalyFlorian Fischer, GermanyP\u00e4r Flodin, SwedenCarla Fornari, ItalyStefan Fors, SwedenThomas Fr\u00f6hlich, GermanySari Fr\u00f6jd, Finlandkarine gallopel-morvan, FranceAna Gama, PortugalThomas Gamsj\u00e4ger, AustriaHeike Garritsen, NetherlandsVijay Gc, United KingdomLaurent Gerbaud, FranceMariette Gerber, FranceAli Ghaddar, SpainDelaram Ghodsi, IranMONICA GIANCOTTI, ItalyKatja Gillander Gadin, SwedenAlejandro Gil-Salmer\u00f3n, United KingdomLinn Gjersing, NorwayPere Godoy, SpainRosa Gofin, IsraelUnni Gopinathan, NorwayScott Greer, United StatesAikaterini Grimani, United StatesMaria Gualano, ItalyC Guijarro, United StatesLuc Hagenaars , United StatesFaisal Hakeem, United KingdomChristian Hakulinen, FinlandTorleif Halkjelsvik, NorwaySamah Hayek, IsraelK Hedna, SwedenN Heinonen, United StatesJolyn Hersch, AustraliaAnders Hjern, SwedenTheodore Holford, United StatesZakir Hossin, SwedenH Hoven, GermanyKuo-Cherh Huang, TaiwanD Ivankovic, United StatesAnant Jani, United KingdomStaffan Janson, SwedenLeticia Januario, SwedenBengt J\u00e4rvholm, SwedenDomantas Jasilionis, GermanyDmitri Jdanov, GermanyJunia Joffer, United StatesT J\u00f6rgensen, DenmarkKarsten J\u00f8rgensen, DenmarkLeena Kaila-Kangas, FinlandMichelle Kelly Irving, FranceCarolin Kilian, GermanyKennedy Kipkoech, United StatesMarte Kj\u00f8llesdal, NorwayCecile Knai, United KingdomAK Knudsen, NorwaySari Kovats, United KingdomSlawomir Koziel, PolandAlfgeir Kristjansson, IcelandAnton Kunst, NetherlandsSandra Kuntsche, AustraliaDaniel La Parra-Casado, SpainCarlo La Vecchia, ItalyMikko Laaksonen, FinlandUlrich Laaser, GermanyAngela Labberton, NorwayMaude Laberge, CanadaTea Lallukka, FinlandPaul Lambert, United StatesAnthony D. LaMontagne, AustraliaChris Lane, United StatesPeter Lansberg, NetherlandsSeo Yoon Lee, Korea (the Republic of)Dan Lewer, United KingdomAlastair Leyland, United KingdomGiovanna Liuzzo, United StatesFrancesco Longo, ItalyE Lothian, United KingdomMarty Lynch, United KingdomRonan Lyons, United KingdomGeorgina MacArthur, United KingdomAnne MacFarlane, IrelandAnna Macios, United StatesJo\u00e3o Paulo Magalh\u00e3es, PortugalManfred Maier, AustriaSteven Mann, United KingdomTanja Marschall, GermanyJoachim Marti, SwitzerlandLeslie Martin, United StatesJolanda Mathijssen, NetherlandsDonovan Maust, United StatesLaia Maynou, United KingdomJoanna Mazur, PolandMary McEniry, United StatesPhil McHale, United KingdomMartin McKee, United KingdomCourtney McNamara, NorwayEmmanouil Mentzakis, United KingdomJulien Mercille, United StatesRay Merrill, United StatesAnu Molarius, SwedenLinda Montanari, PortugalMaria Mour\u00e3o-Carvalhal, PortugalMassimo Mucciardi, ItalyCsilla Nagy, HungaryNeetu S. Neetu Abad Abad, United StatesDavide Negrini, ItalyBertalan N\u00e9meth, HungaryMelanie Nichols, AustraliaSuzanne Nielsen, United StatesPeter Nilsson, SwedenChristiana N\u00f6stlinger, BelgiumMario Cesare Nurchis, ItalyS Ofori, United StatesLeslie Ogilvie, GermanyOrkan Okan, GermanyHans Ossebaard, NetherlandsFred Paccaud, SwitzerlandAntoine Pariente, FranceSam Parsons, United StatesDomenico Pascucci, ItalyJulian Perelman, PortugalPamela Pereyra-Zamora, SpainVLADIMIR PETROVIC, SerbiaIsabelle Peytremann-Bridevaux, United StatesAngelo Maria Pezzullo, ItalyH Susan J Picavet, NetherlandsSylvain Pichetti, FrancePeter Piko, HungaryTom Platteau, BelgiumThomas Pl\u00fcmper, AustriaAndrea Poscia, ItalyValentina Prevolnik Rupel, SloveniaTina PURNAT, SwedenPekka Puska, FinlandXun Qi, United StatesJustina Ra\u010dait\u0117, LithuaniaCecilia Radkiewicz, United StatesOssi Rahkonen, FinlandSyed Rahman, SwedenFrancesco Ramponi, SpainSofia Ravara, PortugalSarah Reed, United KingdomSijmen Reijneveld, NetherlandsRainer Reile, EstoniaGr\u00e9goire Rey, FranceSofia Ribeiro, PortugalVladimir Rogalewicz, Czech RepublicHana Ross, South AfricaAnnalisa Rosso, ItalyAmeed Saabneh, IsraelHenrique Sachse-Bonhof, NetherlandsMuhammad Saeed, PakistanLaura Samuel, United StatesMiguel San Sebastian, SwedenFabian Sanchis-Gomar, SpainP Santia, United StatesCornelia Santoso, HungaryIngrid Seinen, NetherlandsMehmet Sukru Sever, TurkeyMohsen Shamsi, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)Wensong Shen, Hong KongKoichiro Shiba, United StatesIlana Shoham-Vardi, IsraelColin Shore, United KingdomKarri Silventoinen, FinlandFlorian Slimano, FranceMaja So\u010dan, SloveniaLotti Sofia, ItalyJeppe Karl S\u00f8rensen, DenmarkEmily South, United KingdomGordana Stankovska, United StatesKaspar Staub, SwitzerlandAgnes Stenius-Ayoade, FinlandTom Sterud, NorwayAbigail Stevely, United KingdomSusanne Stolpe, GermanyJack Stone, United StatesStefan Storcksdieck genannt Bonsmann, GermanyCosmo Strozza, DenmarkJukka Takala, FinlandDudley Tarlton, United StatesNicholas Taylor, AustraliaPerihan Torun, TurkeySwenne G van den Heuvel, NetherlandsJ. van der Velden, NetherlandsHans van der Wouden, NetherlandsChristel van Dijk, NetherlandsCarla van El, NetherlandsMarieke van Hoffen, NetherlandsGeert van Kemenade, NetherlandsJeroen van Meijgaard, United StatesHanna van Solinge, NetherlandsMaarten van Wijhe, DenmarkKo van Wouwe, NetherlandsSander van Zon, NetherlandsCarine Vande Voorde, BelgiumLeonardo Villani, ItalyMichal Vinker-Shuster, United StatesPekka Virtanen, FinlandSven Voigtl\u00e4nder, GermanyDavid Walsh, United KingdomHeather Wardle, United StatesRoger Webb, United KingdomDominic Weinberg, NetherlandsDr. H. Gilbert Welch, United StatesShicheng Yu, ChinaVirginia Zarulli, DenmarkMateusz Zatonski, United KingdomJennifer Zeitlin, FranceCaixia Zhang, ChinaPengxiang Zhao, SwedenCheryl Zlotnick, IsraelIrini Zografaki, GreeceCorina-Aurelia Zugravu, Romania"}
+{"text": "Molecular Psychiatry 10.1038/s41380-022-01758-6, published online 21 September 2022Correction to: In the original version of this article, the given and family names of Riccardo Barchiesi, Kanat Chanthongdee, Michele Petrella, Li Xu, Simon S\u00f6derholm, Esi Domi, Gaelle Augier, Andrea Coppola, Joost Wiskerke, Ilona Szczot, Ana Domi, Louise Adermark, Eric Augier, Claudio Cant\u00f9, Markus Heilig, Estelle Barbier were incorrectly structured. The names were displayed correctly in all versions at the time of publication.The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because UY, AAR, SD, MAA, RD, SF, JH, TH, MB, TZ, AES and BRG did not agree with the retraction. NA and AB either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "The stroke rate 30 days after TAVR was reported as 3.4% in low-risk patients.2 Prior studies including intermediate- and high-surgical risk cases suggested the use of the SENTINEL Cerebral Protection System (SENTINEL-CPS) during TAVR may reduce the incidence of ischemic stroke and in-hospital mortality.4 However, the effectiveness of the SENTINEL-CPS during TAVR in lower-risk patients has not been studied yet. The SENTINEL-LIR study  aimed to quantify the frequency of embolic debris captured by the SENTINEL-CPS in lower-risk TAVR cases.Indications for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have expanded to aortic stenosis patients with low- and intermediate-risk of surgery.https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04131127). All patients provided written informed consent. The study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics review committee at each site. Patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis, undergoing transfemoral TAVR with planned use of the SENTINEL-CPS, and a Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality score of <4% were included. Exclusion criteria were (1) a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack within 6 months of TAVR, (2) carotid artery intervention within 6 weeks of TAVR, (3) prior aortic valve replacement, or (4) concomitant surgical procedure. The clinical team decided the types of transcatheter heart valves implanted .The incidence of debris, size, and tissue types captured by the SENTINEL-CPS were histologically analyzed. The details of sample processing and analysis methods have been described previously.5We will make the data available upon reasonable request. The SENTINEL-LIR registry was a multicenter, prospective clinical study  between March and August 2020. One case was excluded due to valve-in-valve TAVR. Participants had a mean age of 76-years and 45% were women. The median Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality score was 1.7%, with 86% and 14% of participants classified by the heart team as low- and intermediate-risk, respectively.P=0.36; postdilatation: 15% versus 23%, P=0.48). Both proximal and distal filters of the SENTINEL-CPS were successfully placed in all patients. The SENTINEL-CPS was delivered and retrieved via radial access in 96%, brachial access in 2%, and ulnar artery approach in 2%. No vascular complications caused by upper extremity access were observed. The rates of death or stroke  within 30 days post-TAVR were 2%  and 4% (2/49), respectively. This study did not include routine brain imaging evaluation.Fifty-five percent of patients received the CoreValve, while 45% had theSapien 3. Predilatation and postdilatation were performed in 43% and 18% of cases, respectively. The frequency of predilatation and postdilatation were not different between the 2 transcatheter heart valves . Debris was composed of arterial wall (98% of cases), acute thrombus (96%), valve tissue (71%), calcification (55%), and foreign materials (43%). Myocardial tissue (20%), organizing thrombus (4%), and necrotic core (4%) were found less frequently .P=0.046). However, predilatation or postdilatation did not alter particle numbers or sizes .Most captured debris had a size of <500 \u03bcm (78% were 150\u2013500 \u03bcm). Nearly 5% of the captured particles were \u22651000 \u03bcm , and these were detected in 67% of cases. Transcatheter heart valve type did not impact the debris tissue types, particle numbers, or sizes. Calcified particles were more common in patients treated with predilatation . Second, the type of transcatheter heart valve was selected at the operators\u2019 discretion, not assigned randomly. Thus, the superiority of transcatheter heart valves might not be evaluated precisely. These limitations will be best addressed in the future large-scale randomized studies.In conclusion, the SENTINEL-LIR study demonstrates that embolic debris capture by the SENTINEL-CPS during TAVR in low- to intermediate-risk patients was similar to that in previous studies conducted among higher-risk patients. Larger size particles (\u22651000 \u03bcm), which can cause significant vessel obstruction, were present in 67% of cases. These findings suggest lower-risk patients undergoing TAVR have potentially a similar embolic risk as high-risk patients as evidenced by embolic debris capture.We thank the participants and staff of this registry.This clinical study was funded by the Boston Scientific.CVPath Institute have received institutional research support from NIH-HL141425, Leducq Foundation Grant, 4C Medical, 4Tech, Abbott Vascular, Ablative Solutions, Absorption Systems, Advanced NanoTherapies, Aerwave Medical, Alivas, Amgen, Asahi Medical, Aurios Medical, Avantec Vascular, BD, Biosensors, Biotronik, Biotyx Medical, Bolt Medical, Boston Scientific, Canon,Cardiac Implants, Cardiawave, CardioMech, Cardionomic, Celonova, Cerus, EndoVascular, Chansu Vascular Technologies, Childrens National, Concept Medical, Cook Medical, Cooper Health, Cormaze, CRL, Croivalve, CSI, Dexcom, Edwards Lifesciences, Elucid Bioimaging, eLum Technologies, Emboline, Endotronix, Envision, Filterlex, Imperative Care, Innovalve, Innovative, Cardiovascular Solutions, Intact Vascular,Interface Biolgics, Intershunt Technologies, Invatin, Lahav, Limflow, L&J Bio, Lutonix, Lyra Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Maywell, MDS, MedAlliance, Medanex, Medtronic, Mercator, Microport, Microvention, Neovasc, Nephronyx, Nova Vascular, Nyra Medical, Occultech, Olympus, Ohio Health, OrbusNeich, Ossio, Phenox, Pi-Cardia, Polares Medical, Polyvascular, Profusa, ProKidney, LLC, Protembis, Pulse Biosciences, Qool Therapeutics, Recombinetics, Recor Medical, Regencor, Renata Medical, Restore Medical, Ripple Therapeutics, Rush University, Sanofi, Shockwave, SMT, SoundPipe, Spartan Micro, Spectrawave, Surmodics, Terumo Corporation, The Jacobs Institute, Transmural Systems, Transverse Medical, TruLeaf, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Vascudyne, Vesper, Vetex Medical, Whiteswell, WL Gore, and Xeltis. Dr Kawakami has received research grants from Japan Heart Foundation/Bayer Yakuhin Research Grant Abroad. Dr Gada has received honoraria from Medtronic, Abbott, Bard, Boston Scientific and is a consultant of Medtronic, Abbott, Bard, and Boston Scientific. Dr Rinaldi received research grant from Boston Scientific, honoraria from Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, Edwards and is a consultant of Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, and Edwards. Dr Nazif has received honoraria from Boston Scientific, Edwards LifeSciences, Medtronic, and Venus MedTech. Dr Leon has received the institutional grants for clinical research from Abbott, Boston Scientific, Edwards, and Medtronic. Dr Cornelissen receives research grants from University Hospital RWTH Aachen. Dr Virmani has received honoraria from Abbott Vascular, Biosensors, Boston Scientific, Celonova, Cook Medical, Cordis, CSI, Lutonix Bard, Medtronic, OrbusNeich Medical, CeloNova, SINO Medical Technology, ReCor Medical, Terumo Corporation, W. L. Gore, Spectranetics and is a consultant Abbott Vascular; Boston Scientific, Celonova, Cook Medical, Cordis, CSI, Edwards Lifescience, Lutonix Bard, Medtronic, OrbusNeich Medical, ReCor Medical, Sinomededical Technology, Spectranetics. Dr Finn has received honoraria from Abbott Vascular, Biosensors, Boston Scientific, Celonova, Cook Medical, CSI, Lutonix Bard, Sinomed, Terumo Corporation and is a consultant to Amgen, Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, Celonova, Cook Medical, Lutonix Bard, Sinomed, Surmodics, Terumo Corporation, W. L. Gore, and Xeltis. The other authors report no conflicts."}
+{"text": "Several models have been developed to predict the severity and prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to identify potential predictors and construct a prediction model for COPD severity using biochemical and immunological parameters.A total of 6,274 patients with COPD were recruited between July 2010 and July 2018. COPD severity was classified into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to identify predictors of COPD severity. The predictive ability of the model was assessed by measuring sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and concordance.P < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) , plasma fibrinogen , fructosamine , standard bicarbonate concentration , partial pressure of carbon dioxide , age , eosinophil count , lymphocyte ratio , and apolipoprotein A1 . The factors that could distinguish between mild/moderate and very severe cases were vascular disorders , HDL , plasma fibrinogen , fructosamine , partial pressure of oxygen , plasma carbon dioxide concentration , standard bicarbonate concentration , partial pressure of carbon dioxide , age , sex , allergic diseases , eosinophil count , lymphocyte ratio , and apolipoprotein A1 . The prediction model correctly predicted disease severity in 60.17% of patients, and kappa coefficient was 0.35 (95% CI: 0.33\u20130.37).Of 6,274 COPD patients, 2,644, 2,600, and 1,030 had mild/moderate, severe, and very severe disease, respectively. The factors that could distinguish between mild/moderate and severe cases were vascular disorders (OR: 1.44; This study developed a prediction model for COPD severity based on biochemical and immunological parameters, which should be validated in additional cohorts. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow obstruction to the lungs. This disease is not fully reversible and is a leading cause of adult morbidity worldwide \u20133. Appro1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC)  guidelines, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEVty (FVC) . The claty (FVC) \u201311. COPDty (FVC) . Howeverty (FVC) \u201315.A prediction model for COPD severity was developed and validated using a claims-based algorithm. The final model included age, sex, comorbidities, COPD-related resource utilization, and all-cause healthcare utilization . The mod1/FVC < 70% according to GOLD criteria , plasma carbon dioxide concentration, bicarbonate concentration, standard bicarbonate concentration, extracellular fluid volume depletion, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), base excess, percentage and absolute number of granulocytes, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and D-dimer.Demographic and clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records, including age, sex, diabetes mellitus, vascular disorders, psychiatric disorders, infections, allergic diseases, hypertension, tumors, gastrointestinal diseases, and osteoarticular diseases. In addition, data on the following biochemical and immunological parameters were collected: platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR), platelet count, eosinophil count, mean platelet volume (MPV), eosinophil ratio, basophilic granulocytes, platelet distribution width (PDW), lymphocyte count, lymphocyte ratio, basophil ratio, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, HDL, albumin/globulin ratio, serum iron, indirect bilirubin, direct bilirubin/total bilirubin ratio, globulin, magnesium, LDL, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), apolipoprotein A1, lipoprotein (a), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), plasma fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), PT activity, plasma thrombin time, fructosamine, myoglobin, cystatin C, serum procalcitonin, partial pressure of oxygen  to standardize the number of patients in each group.The severity of COPD was classified as mild, moderate, severe, and very severe, according to the GOLD guidelines . Mild, mP < 0.05 were included in the multivariate regression model. The final set of predictors was determined using stepwise selection at a threshold of P < 0.05. The multivariable model was used to predict the probability of each patient being assigned to each COPD severity. Model performance was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. The agreement between predicted and actual values was assessed using Cohen\u2019s kappa test. All statistical tests were two-sided, and P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS Statistics 19.0 for Windows .The data were presented as mean \u00b1 standard deviation for normally distributed continuous variables and as medians (interquartile range) for non-normally distributed continuous variables. Categorical variables were expressed as numbers and percentages. Differences between groups were assessed using analysis of variance, the Kruskal\u2013Wallis test, and the chi-square test. Potential predictors of COPD severity were identified by logistic regression, and COPD severity was considered the dependent variable. Covariates with a 2, plasma carbon dioxide concentration, bicarbonate concentration, standard bicarbonate concentration, extracellular fluid volume depletion, pCO2, base excess, and hsCRP. However, there were no significant differences in diabetes mellitus prevalence, LDL, apolipoprotein A1, lipoprotein (a), fructosamine, myoglobin, percentage of granulocytes, absolute number of granulocytes, and D-dimer concentration. The details characteristics of the cohorts among three groups are shown in A total of 2,644, 2,600, and 1,030 patients had mild/moderate, severe, and very severe COPD. There were significant differences among three groups for mostly variables, including age, sex, vascular disorders, psychiatric disorders, infections, allergic diseases, hypertension, tumors, gastrointestinal diseases, osteoarticular diseases, P-LCR, platelet count, eosinophil count, MPV, eosinophil ratio, basophilic granulocytes, PDW, lymphocyte count, lymphocyte ratio, basophil ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, HDL, albumin/globulin ratio, serum iron, indirect bilirubin, direct bilirubin/total bilirubin ratio, globulin, magnesium, ESR, CEA, plasma fibrinogen, PT, PT activity, plasma thrombin time, cystatin C, serum procalcitonin, pO2, base excess, and hsCRP were significantly associated with an increased risk of severe COPD. In contrast, age, allergic diseases, hypertension, tumors, P-LCR, eosinophil count, MPV, eosinophil ratio, PDW, lymphocyte count, lymphocyte ratio, basophil ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, globulin, and magnesium were significantly associated with a reduced risk of severe COPD.The results of the univariate analysis are shown in 2, and base excess were associated with an increased risk of very severe COPD. In turn, sex, allergic diseases, hypertension, tumors, gastrointestinal and osteoarticular diseases, P-LCR, platelet count, eosinophil count, MPV, eosinophil ratio, basophilic granulocytes, lymphocyte count, lymphocyte ratio, basophil ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, globulin, magnesium, ESR, PT activity, cystatin C, and the percentage of granulocytes were associated with a reduced risk of very severe COPD.Vascular and psychiatric disorders, infections, HDL, albumin/globulin ratio, direct bilirubin/total bilirubin ratio, PT, plasma thrombin time, fructosamine, plasma carbon dioxide concentration, bicarbonate concentration, standard bicarbonate concentration, extracellular fluid volume depletion, pCOP < 0.001), HDL , plasma fibrinogen , fructosamine , standard bicarbonate concentration , and pCO2  were significantly associated with an increased risk of severe COPD. In contrast, age , eosinophil count , lymphocyte ratio , and apolipoprotein A1  were significantly associated with a reduced risk of severe COPD. Vascular disorders , HDL , plasma fibrinogen , fructosamine , pO2 , plasma carbon dioxide concentration , standard bicarbonate concentration , and pCO2  were significantly associated with an increased risk of very severe COPD. In turn, age , sex , allergic diseases , eosinophil count , lymphocyte ratio , and apolipoprotein A1  were associated with a reduced risk of very severe COPD.The results of the multivariate analysis are shown in A prediction model was constructed based on the results of multivariate analysis . The mod2, age, eosinophil count, lymphocyte ratio, and apolipoprotein A1. The factors that could distinguish between mild/moderate and very severe cases were vascular disorders, HDL, plasma fibrinogen, fructosamine, pO2, plasma carbon dioxide concentration, standard bicarbonate concentration, pCO2, age, sex, allergic diseases, eosinophil count, lymphocyte ratio, and apolipoprotein A1. The prediction model correctly predicted disease severity in 60.17% of the cases, with a kappa coefficient of 0.35.None of the existing prediction models for COPD severity assessed patient prognosis using biochemical and immunological parameters \u201315. AfteSeveral studies have developed prediction models for COPD severity based on various parameters , 17. For2, age, eosinophil count, lymphocyte ratio, apolipoprotein A1, pO2, plasma carbon dioxide concentration, sex, and allergic diseases. This result may be due to several reasons: (1) systematic inflammatory responses could explain the increased risk of severity of COPD in patients with vascular disorders (2 is significantly related to higher scores for disease severity indicators (BODE or GOLD) and is a good predictor of severe COPD  apoisorders \u201321; (3) isorders , 23; (4)isorders ; (5) bloisorders ; (6) pCOere COPD ; (7) theere COPD ; (9) lymere COPD .Our model had a moderate ability to differentiate COPD severity based on the selected variables and correctly predicted severity in 60.17% of the patients. The predictive performance of this model was better than that of the null model. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity for detecting mild/moderate cases were 72.31 and 72.94%, and accuracy was 72.68%. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting severe cases were 56.28 and 66.07%, and accuracy was 61.96%. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting very severe disease were 40.71 and 94.99%, and accuracy was 85.69%. This result suggests that the model\u2019s ability to differentiate severe COPD was low, while the accuracy for detecting very severe COPD (85.69%) and mild/moderate COPD (72.68%) was high.This study firstly constructed a prediction model based on biochemical and immunological parameters in hospitalized patients with stable COPD. This prediction model could used to assess the severity of COPD for patients are unable to perform breath test, and the ratings COPD severity could generate automatically based on electronic medical record. Thus, high risk patients could identified using constructed model, and early treatment strategies could provide to improve the prognosis of COPD.Several strengths of this study should be highlighted: (1) the current retrospective cohort study contained large sample size, and the conclusion was robustness; (2) both univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to identify potential predictive factors; (3) the prediction model was constructed and a risk scoring system was established based on multivariate analyses; and (4) the predictive value of constructed model was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and Cohen\u2019s kappa test.This study has limitations. First, the retrospective design may lead to selection and recall bias. Second, non-treatment may have increased COPD severity. Third, serum iron, magnesium, ESR, CEA, myoglobin, serum procalcitonin, extracellular fluid volume depletion, base excess, the percentage and absolute number of granulocytes, hsCRP, and D-dimer were excluded from the multivariate analysis because of missing data. Fourth, the prediction model was not validated externally.2, age, eosinophil count, lymphocyte ratio, apolipoprotein A1, pO2, plasma carbon dioxide concentration, sex, and allergic diseases. The model\u2019s ability to predict very severe COPD was high. Nonetheless, larger studies are needed to validate these findings.This study identified predictors of COPD severity, and a prediction model was constructed using biochemical and immunological parameters from patients from a single center. The predictors of COPD severity included vascular disorders, HDL, plasma fibrinogen, fructosamine, standard bicarbonate concentration, pCOThe raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Suining Central Hospital. The ethics committee waived the requirement of written informed consent for participation.Y-FG: conceptualization, data curation, methodology, supervision, writing\u2014original draft, project administration, and writing\u2014review and editing. Y-FG and LC: data curation and writing\u2014review and editing. LC: methodology, formal analysis, software, writing\u2014review and editing, and investigation. Y-FG and RQ: methodology and writing\u2014review and editing. S-HW and PC: investigation, methodology, and writing\u2014review and editing. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version."}
+{"text": "A Rare Mutation in SPLUNC1 Affects Bacterial Adherence and Invasion in Meningococcal Disease. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 70(10): 2045-53. Currently the author list on the title page states \u201cBayarchimeg Mashbat, Evangelos Bellos, Stephanie Hodeib, Fadil Bidmos, Ryan S. Thwaites, Yaxuan Lu, Victoria Wright, Jethro Herberg, Daniela S. Klobassa, Werner Zenz, Trevor T. Hansel, Simon Nadel, Paul R. Langford, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Ming-Shi Li, Matthew Redinbo, Y. Peter Di, Michael Levin and Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu\u201dThe correct author list, adding William G. Walton, should be as follows: \u201cBayarchimeg Mashbat, Evangelos Bellos, Stephanie Hodeib, Fadil Bidmos, Ryan S. Thwaites, Yaxuan Lu, Victoria Wright, Jethro Herberg, Daniela S. Klobassa, William G. Walton, Werner Zenz, Trevor T. Hansel, Simon Nadel, Paul R. Langford, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Ming-Shi Li, Matthew Redinbo, Y. Peter Di, Michael Levin and Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu\u201dThe author regrets this error."}
+{"text": "In the published article, there was an error in the author list, and author Marina Amores-Borge was erroneously excluded. The corrected author list appears below.\u201cDiego Pazos-Castro, Cl\u00e9mence Margain, Zulema Gonzalez-Klein, Marina Amores-Borge, Carmen Yuste-Calvo, Maria Garrido-Arandia, Lucia Zurita, Vanesa Esteban, Jaime Tome-Amat, Araceli Diaz-Perales, Fernando Ponz\u201dAuthor Contributions section.In the published article, there was an error. The missing author was not included in the Author contributions. This sentence previously stated:A correction has been made to \u201cDP-C: Conceptualization, investigation, writing original draft. CM: Investigation. ZG-K: Conceptualization, investigation, writing review. CY-C: Investigation. MG-A: Investigation, writing review. LZ: Investigation. VE: Writing review, resources, funding acquisition. JT-A: Conceptualization, investigation, writing original draft. AD-P: Conceptualization, writing original draft, resources, funding acquisition. FP: Conceptualization, writing review, resources, funding acquisition. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.\u201dThe corrected sentence appears below:\u201cDP-C: Conceptualization, investigation, writing original draft. CM: Investigation. ZG-K: Conceptualization, investigation, writing review. MA-B: Investigation. CY-C: Investigation. MG-A: Investigation, writing review. LZ: Investigation. VE: Writing review, resources, funding acquisition. JT-A: Conceptualization, investigation, writing original draft. AD-P: Conceptualization, writing original draft, resources, funding acquisition. FP: Conceptualization, writing review, resources, funding acquisition. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.\u201dThe authors apologize for these errors and state that they do not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because QA agreed with retraction. HN, KS, NZ, MBH, AR, MN, MAQ, MHS, and HMA did not agree with retraction. AAA-H did not reply or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Health Serv Res (2021) 21:1186https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-07195-5Following publication of the original article , the autThe incorrect author names are: Huguet Nathalie, Valenzuela Steele, Marino Miguel, Moreno Laura, Hatch Brigit, Baron Andrea, J. Cohen Deborah and E. DeVoe JenniferThe correct author names are: Nathalie Huguet, Steele Valenzuela, Miguel Marino, Laura Moreno, Brigit Hatch, Andrea Baron, Deborah J. Cohen and Jennifer E. DeVoeThe author group has been updated above and the original article  has been"}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because LA agreed with the retraction. MY, HZ, MWA, MNA, AMES, ATKZ, YL, and MA did not agree with the retraction. TL, WA, SH, TAH, AH, GAK, and MME either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The given and family names of authors were Interchanged and Dr. Spiezia has two given names (Antonio Luca).The author names should beAntonio Riccardo Buonomo, Giulio Viceconte, Massimiliano Calabrese, Giovanna De Luca, Valentina Tomassini, Paola Cavalla, Giorgia Teresa Maniscalco, Diana Ferraro, Viviana Nociti, Marta Radaelli, Maria Chiara Buscarinu, Damiano Paolicelli, Alberto Gajofatto, Pietro Annovazzi, Federica Pinardi, Massimiliano Di Filippo, Cinzia Cordioli, Emanuela Zappulo, Riccardo Scotto, Ivan Gentile, Antonio Luca Spiezia, Martina Petruzzo, Marcello De Angelis, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Claudio Solaro, Claudio Gasperini, Eleonora Cocco, Marcello Moccia, Roberta LanzilloThe original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. Affiliation details for Authors\u2019 Stefano Forte, Cesarina Giallongo, Giuseppe Broggi, Rosario Caltabiano, Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo Barbagallo, Roberto Altieri, Giuseppina Raciti and Arcangelo Liso were incorrectly given.The correct affiliations details for Authors\u2019 Stefano Forte, Cesarina Giallongo, Giuseppe Broggi, Rosario Caltabiano, Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo Barbagallo, Roberto Altieri, Giuseppina Raciti and Arcangelo Liso should be:2 IOM Ricerca, 95029 Viagrande, CT, Italy3 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, F. Ingrassia, Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy4 Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy5 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy"}
+{"text": "The materials were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H- and 13C- nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography as well as X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. PCL-based copolymers exhibited distinct melting point as well as a crystalline phase of up to 47%, while copolymers with PLA segments were highly amorphous, showing a broad amorphous reflex in the XRD spectra, and no melting or crystallization points were discernible using differential scanning calorimetry.The use of biodegradable materials such as cellulose and polyesters can be extended through the combination, as well as modification, of these biopolymers. By controlling the molecular structure and composition of copolymers of these components, it should also be possible to tailor their material properties. We hereby report on the synthesis and characterization of cellulose-based graft copolymers with a precise molecular composition and copolymer architecture. To prepare such materials, we initially modified cellulose through the regioselective protection of the 6-OH group using trityl chloride. The 6-O protected compound was then alkylated, and deprotection at the 6-OH group provided the desired 2,3-di-O-alkyl cellulose compounds that were used as macroinitiators for ring opening polymerization. Regioselective modification was hereby necessary to obtain compounds with an exact molecular composition. Ring opening polymerization, catalyzed by Sn(Oct) The preparation of tailored polymers and copolymers that exhibit certain properties is of high relevance for various applications, such as tissue and bone engineering, controlled drug release, as well as other fields that require biocompatible or biodegradable functional materials . Both cePoly(caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) are aliphatic polymers that can be produced from sustainable resources and exhibit biodegradable properties, while cellulose represents the most abundant biopolymer ,6. Both With respect to global environmental sustainability, cellulose-based materials hold great promise due to the abundance of cellulose as a natural resource . AnotherOnly few advances towards the synthesis of regioselectively substituted copolymers of cellulose have been reported to date in the literature. One approach for the preparation of regiocontrolled cellulose\u2013PCL graft-copoylmers was reported by Wang et al. In their research, an aqueous zinc chloride solution was used as solvent for cellulose which favored grafting of PCL at OH-2 and OH-3 of the anhydroglucose units. PCL was thereby \u201cgrafted from\u201d secondary hydroxyl groups of the AGU . RecentlAdvances by other authors towards the preparation of polysaccharide-based graft copolymers without a special focus on regioselectivity include the works of Tian et al., and Wohlhauser et al., who grafted PCL onto cellulose nanocrystals using a \u201cgrafting from\u201d approach, and verified their successful reaction via infrared spectroscopy ,27. FurtFor this work, we hypothesize that cellulose\u2013backbone graft copolymers would exhibit thermal properties, such as melting points, that are traceable to the thermoplastic component, i.e., the PCL or PLA sidechains in the copolymers, while it is possible to impose a copolymer architecture through initial regioselective modification of the cellulose macroinitiators.Therefore, for our research, we prepared regioselectively modified cellulose derivatives bearing functional groups, such as benzyl-, allyl-, and propyl moieties at OH-2 and OH-3 of the AGU, to demonstrate the versatility of the cellulose biopolymer in regards to the functionalities that may be introduced into polysaccharide-based copolymers through targeted modification and regioselective reactions, as in our study. After introduction of functionality, the physical properties of these cellulose-based macroinitiators can be further enhanced through the homogeneous ring opening polymerization of L-lactide or \u03b5-caprolactone via the unprotected hydroxyl group at C6 in a \u201cgrafting from\u201d approach to prepare the respective copolymers that exhibit a precise and controllable structural composition.N,N-dimethylacetamide , tetrahydrofuran , toluene , sodium hydride  tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate (Sn(Oct)2, AB106427, ABCR, Karlsruhe, Germany) were used in the experiments as received unless otherwise stated. THF and toluene were distilled under inert gas using standard Schlenk techniques and stored over molecular sieves (4 \u00c5) before use. Sn(Oct)2 and \u03b5-caprolactone were distilled under reduced pressure in accordance with the procedure reported by Lee et al.  3463, 3058, 2883, 1597, 1490, 1029, 899, 763, 746, 699, 643, 632.IR  3060, 2876, 1646, 1597, 1490, 1448, 1419, 1345, 1315, 1220, 1073, 1045, 996, 919, 764, 746, 737, 700, 644, 631, 531.IR  3060, 3029, 2878, 1598, 1493, 1448, 1359, 1316, 1208, 1153, 1070, 1042, 1028, 1001, 899, 844, 733, 695, 631, 552, 460.IR  3059, 2960, 2876, 2933, 1598, 1490, 1448, 1361, 1316, 1218, 1152, 1084, 1040, 1001, 945, 898, 762, 746, 698, 644, 631, 563.IR  3406, 3080, 2874, 1733, 1646, 1458, 1420, 1348, 1058, 996, 922, 559.IR  3430, 3063, 2873, 1496, 1453, 1359, 1209, 1060, 1027, 910, 733, 695, 619, 555, 460.IR  3410, 2962, 2934, 2877, 1462, 1363, 1032, 950, 896, 578.IR  3443, 3031, 2942, 2865, 1722, 1497, 1455, 1418, 1397, 1365, 1294, 1241, 1188, 1162, 1087, 1064, 1045, 961, 933, 840, 733, 698 583, 453.IR  3441, 2944, 2865, 1721, 1470, 1419, 1397, 1366, 1294, 1187, 1106, 1065, 1045, 961, 932, 840, 772, 731, 710.IR  3442, 2943, 2866, 1721, 1470, 1419, 1397, 1366, 1294, 1240, 1187, 1163, 1105, 1089, 1065, 1045, 961, 934, 840, 732, 710, 583.IR  3509, 2993, 2942, 1749, 1552, 1497, 1453, 1381, 1359, 1309, 1265, 1183, 1124, 1084, 1044, 914, 863, 737, 697, 620, 546.IR  3492, 2993, 2941, 1749, 1453, 1382, 1358, 1264, 1182, 1127, 1084, 1044, 927, 867, 755, 699.IR  3492, 2943, 1750, 1452, 1381, 1361, 1265, 1182, 1127, 1084, 1043, 952, 867, 755, 702.IR  g mol\u22121 denote the molar masses of glucose and of the ligands.For materials with PLA ligands, the glass transition points terature ,52,53. Tmol\u00a0K)\u22121 , and cp, toluene , propene toluene  and prop toluene , respectThis finding confirms the near quantitative etherification of the cellulose C2 and C3 hydroxyl groups, and the linear mixing of the heat capacities of the constituents of all the materials. The equilibrium melting temperature of PLA was reported to be m0\u2248480\u00a0K ,52. Actum0\u2248480\u00a0K , being lHence, the lack of melting points determined using DSC in this work supports our findings with XRD, namely that the materials with PLA ligands consisted of exclusively amorphous atomic arrangements.Tg = 209 K were reported  after several days incubation at room temperature\u201d [xc determined in the first DSC heating run are lower than those reported in the literature, where crystallinities larger than 0.6 were reported [12121 crystalline poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [In the materials with PCL ligands, we consider the properties of the crystalline phase: The higher values of erature\u201d . The valreported . This isutyrate) . Our resutyrate)  and via utyrate)  that the2 and the heat of fusion Hf = 1.63 \u00b7 109 erg/cm3 [Additionally at odds are the melting temperatures reported in  \u2248 342 K ,63 and as et al.  To invess et al. , togetheTm,1 \u2212 15 K into (5), thereby obtaining values of L \u2248 11 nm. This supports our finding that the dimensions of the primary crystallites are indeed \u224810 nm, as directly determined using XRD.Since the melting points reported in Given the lack of isolated intense {010} reflexes, the corresponding value of the average directional crystallite size utyrate) ,65, the In this work, we were able to prepare graft copolymers of cellulose derivatives via regioselective modification of cellulose with consecutive ring opening polymerization of the \u03b5-caprolactone or L-lactide monomers. The high emphasis on regioselectivity in our research thereby allowed the synthesis of high precision copolymers with an exact copolymer architecture, and through etherification, the implementation of functional groups onto the cellulose scaffold was possible while improving upon the material properties of native cellulose via consecutive ring opening polymerization. Structural analysis of the copolymers was performed using IR and NMR spectroscopy, as well as XRD and DSC measurements.The prepared copolymers show great potential for further investigation concerning variation of the substituents at C2 and C3 of the cellulose backbone and post polymerization modification, either via functional groups at the cellulose hydroxyl groups, by endgroup modification of the polyester sidechains, or via the implementation of functionalized monomers for grafting polymerization. It is also possible to implement different polymers onto the cellulose backbone to obtain bottlebrush copolymers with two entirely different polymer segments through consecutive polymerizations, albeit adhering to a well-defined polymer architecture and simultaneously tailoring polymer properties in a targeted manner. The properties of such copolymers could then be exploited, e.g., for protein stabilization  as well"}
+{"text": "The Editors of Public Health Reviews would like to thank all Reviewers in 2021 for the time they have spent and the valuable contributions they have made to ensure the scientific quality of the journal.Christine A\u2019Court, United KingdomBabatunde Akinwunmi, United States Sinaa Al Aqeel, Saudi ArabiaChantal Arditi, SwitzerlandH\u00e9l\u00e8ne Aschmann, United StatesIn\u00eas Ba\u00eda, PortugalEduard Baladia, SpainRebecca Bennett, AustraliaTomasz Bochenek, PolandKatarina Braun, United States Katie Cederberg, United StatesHarrison Ng Chok, AustraliaAna Cruz, PortugalNicole Geovana Dias, BrazilDominik Dietler, SwitzerlandNicola Diviani, SwitzerlandAlicja Domaga\u0142a, PolandMarta Fadda, SwitzerlandGuihong Fan, United StatesMichele Dalla Fontana, BrazilSaswata Ghosh, IndiaGabriel Gulis, DenmarkLouise Hartley, United KingdomHerwansyah Herwansyah, NetherlandsMusa Abubakar Kana, NigeriaMelkamu Dugassa Kassa, South AfricaRobin Van Kessel, NetherlandsAnisur Khan, BangladeshAndrew Kim, United StatesEvdoxia Kyriazopoulou, GreeceRaquel Lucas, PortugalTim Lucas, United KingdomLaura Maga\u00f1a, United StatesPatricia McDaniel, United StatesSinenhlanhla Memela, South AfricaGage Moreno, United StatesAlexandra Moura, FranceJessica Neicun, NetherlandsTaco Niet, CanadaRachel Nugent, United StatesEkwaro Obuku, UgandaOsorio, Camilo Gutierrez Osorio, ColombiaMadhuri Pattamatta, IndiaPaul, Ayan Paul, GermanyPaul Pavli, AustraliaPablo Perel, United KingdomPriyanka Priyanka, United StatesAna Catarina Queiroga, PortugalAzizur Rahman, AustraliaNandini Ramanujam, CanadaAndres Roman-Urrestarazu, United KingdomJo\u00e3o Cavaleiro Rufo, PortugalMarco Scherz, AustriaDenise Sharon, United StatesB. Shayak, United StatesBritt Singletary, United StatesNanny Natalia Mulyani Soetedjo, IndonesiaAsha Soletti, NetherlandsMindaugas Stank\u016bnas, LithuaniaAmbra Stefani, AustriaLiz Tobin-Tyler, United StatesSusanne Unverzagt, GermanyCherian Varghese, SwitzerlandDuoquan Wang, ChinaBrian Li Han Wong, SwitzerlandClaudia Zanini, SwitzerlandJan Anton Van Zanten, Netherlands"}
+{"text": "Retraction note to: Mol Cancer 19, 85 (2020)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-020-01206-5The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article. After publication, the authors alerted the journal that there were errors in Figs. 3b, 4j, S2g and S2h, resulting in overlap between images representing different treatment groups. The Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the presented data.Yiran Liang, Xiaojin Song, Yaming Li, Bing Chen, Wenjing Zhao, Lijuan Wang, Hanwen Zhang, Ying Liu, Dianwen Han, Ning Zhang, Yajie Wang, Fangzhou Ye, Dan Luo, Xiaoyan Li and Qifeng Yang agree to this retraction. Tingting Ma has not responded to any correspondence from the editor or publisher about this retraction."}
+{"text": "PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [The  article  because QA agreed with retraction. MH, SI, MBH, MSS, NZ, AR, MUI, TJ, HMA, and MHS did not agree with the retraction. JI and MK either did not respond directly or could not be reached."}
+{"text": "MATRC offers technical assistance and other resources within the following mid-Atlantic states: Delaware, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia.The Mid-Atlantic Resource Center (MATRC; The 2020 MATRC Summit will be held April 5-7, 2020, at The Embassy Suites Charlotte\u2013Concord Golf Resort and Spa, Concord, NC. Attendees need not reside in a mid-Atlantic state. This year's Summit will explore how disruptive technologies and innovations are shaping the future of healthcare. The inter-disciplinary program will feature pre-Summit educational sessions, keynotes, panels, \u201cresearch flash\u201d presentations, state meetings, poster sessions, a hackathon, a telehealth technology showcase, and other exhibits.http://matrcsummit.org/registration.htmlFor further information and registration, visit: Discounted early bird registration will close January 31, 2020."}
+{"text": "There remains a need to develop effective medical therapies for patients with microscopic colitis (MC) who do not respond, are intolerant, or relapse on budesonide. Conducting randomized trials in MC is logistically and ethically challenging: budesonide is highly effective, and therefore, some institutional review boards have not allowed trials that randomize MC patients to placebo. However, comparing an investigational drug to budesonide is statistically infeasible: powering a non-inferiority study against a budesonide comparator arm with 90% power for a 10% non-inferiority margin would require over 700 subjects, yet fewer than 400 patients have been randomized in all historical MC trials. Therefore, alternative trial designs should be explored in MC, including the use of a historical control arm.To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the proportion of placebo responders in MC trials that will inform future trials using a historical placebo comparator, and evaluate factors associated with placebo response.EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to January 7, 2022, and supplemented with conference abstracts to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using a placebo comparator in adult patients with confirmed MC . The proportion of clinical and histologic responders in the placebo arms were pooled using random-effect models, statistical heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 method, and the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation was used to compute 95% confidence intervals (CI) using the score statistic and exact binomial method. All analyses were conducted in Stata 17.0.Twelve placebo controlled RCTs were included, evaluating a total of 391 patients (163 randomized to placebo). The pooled placebo clinical response rate was 24.4%  , with substantial heterogeneity . The pooled histologic response rate was 19.9% , with substantial heterogeneity . Subgroup analysis demonstrated higher placebo responses in lymphocytic colitis  compared to collagenous colitis , but not by allowance of baseline anti-diarrheals. Leave-one-out meta-analysis showed a reduction in heterogeneity after removal of Miehlke et al. 2014 .Approximately 1 in 4 patients in MC trials will respond clinically to placebo and 1 in 5 will demonstrate a histologic response, although with substantial heterogeneity. T his highlights the need for standardized outcome definitions in MC trials and can serve to inform a Bayesian prior estimate for future trials that may consider using a historical placebo comparator.NoneP. Hamilton: None Declared, K. Buhler: None Declared, G. Kaplan Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Janssen, AbbVie, GlaxoSmith Kline, Merck, and Shire, Consultant of: AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, Takeda, and Gilead, C. Lu Consultant of: Abbvie, Janssen, Ferring, and Takeda, Speakers bureau of: Janssen and Abbvie, C. Seow Consultant of: Advisory Boards: Janssen, Abbvie, Takeda, Ferring, Shire, Pfizer, Sandoz, Pharmascience, Fresenius Kabi, Amgen, Speakers bureau of: Janssen, Abbvie, Takeda, Ferring, Shire, Pfizer, Pharmascience, K. Novak Grant / Research support from: AbbVie and Janssen, Consultant of: Advisory board fees from AbbVie, Janssen, Pfizer, Ferring, and Takeda, speaker\u2019s fees from AbbVie, Janssen, and Pfizer, R. Panaccione Consultant of: Abbott, AbbVie, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmos Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pendopharm, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Theravance Biopharma, Trellus, Viatris, UCB. Advisory Boards for: AbbVie, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, SandozShire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Speakers bureau of: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Shire, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, C. Ma Grant / Research support from: Ferring, Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Alimentiv, American College of Gastroenterology, Amgen, AVIR Pharma Inc, BioJAMP, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, McKesson, Mylan, Sanofi/Regeneron, Takeda, Pendopharm, Pfizer, Roche, Speakers bureau of: : AbbVie, Amgen, AVIR Pharma Inc, Alimentiv, Bristol Myers Squibb, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, Takeda, Pendopharm, and Pfizer"}
+{"text": "Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-022-30139-4, published online 04 May 2022.Correction to: In this article the affiliation details for authors Chase C. James, Lisa A. Zeigler, Robert H. Lampe, Ariel Rabines, Anne Schulberg, Hong Zheng, Andrew E. Allen were incorrectly given as \u2018Section of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States\u2019 but should have been \u2018J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States\u2019 and the affiliation details for author Andrew D. Barton was incorrectly given as \u2018J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States\u2019 but should have been \u2018Section of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States\u2019. The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The original version of this paper did not contain a list of Bio4amb investigators. The purpose of this correction is to acknowledge the contribution of all investigators who participated in the study. The ESM  file of the original article has been corrected.Contributors: Bio4amb investigators: Olivier Regnard, Marianne Brodmann, Koen Deloose, Jens Carsten Ritter, Ludovic Berger, Johannes Dahm, Shirley Jansen, Bibombe Patrice Mwipatayi, Joseph Touma, Eric Ducasse, Antoine Millon, S\u00e9bastien Veron, Raphael Coscas, Eric Steinmetz, Fabrice Schneider, Lieven Maene, Bahaa Nasr, Gilles Miltgen, Vikram Puttaswamy, J\u00fcrgen Torsten Verbist, Jonathan Sobocinski, Armand Bourriez, Mark Jackson, Laurent Casbas, Didier Paneau, Isabelle Bayens, Klaus Hausegger, David Lambrechts, Adrien Kaladji, Flemming Randsbaek, Pierre Jules Delannoy, Manfred Spanger, Jos C. van den Berg."}
+{"text": "Staphylococcus epidermidis, 53 other coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), 3 S. aureus, and 66 Gram-negative isolates consisting of Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii.PLG0206 is a novel engineered cationic antimicrobial peptide being evaluated for treatment of prosthetic joint infections. In this study, the activity of PLG0206 was evaluated by broth microdilution against 104 isolates of Imipenem, levofloxacin, tigecycline, linezolid, vancomycin, oxacillin, ceftazidime, colistin, and amikacin were tested as comparators. Testing was conducted in accordance with guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute . Test organisms consisted of reference strains from the American Type Culture Collection, the Centers for Disease Control Antibiotic Reference Bank and clinical isolates from the Micromyx repository. The media employed for testing in the broth microdilution MIC assay for all organisms were cation-adjusted Mueller Hinton Broth and for PLG0206 only included RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 0.002% P-80.S. aureus, and resistant Gram-negative* pathogens are shown in Table.Activity of PLG0206 in RPMI against CoNS, Activity of PLG0206 in RPMI against CoNS, S. aureus and resistant Gram-negative* pathogensActivity of PLG0206 in RPMI against CoNS, S. aureus and resistant Gram-negative* pathogensPLG0206 was found to have potent antimicrobial activity when evaluated in RPMI against S. epidermidis, CoNS non-epidermidis, S. aureus, Enterobacterales, P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii, including isolates with multi-drug resistance.David Huang, MD, PhD, Peptilogics (Employee) Jonathan Steckbeck, PhD, Peptilogics (Employee) Chris Pillar, PhD, Micromyx (Employee) Bev Murray, BS, Micromyx (Employee) David Huganfel, BS, Micromyx (Employee) Dean Shinabanger, PhD, Micromyx (Employee)"}
+{"text": "For many traits, males show greater variability than females, with possible implications for understanding sex differences in health and disease. Here, the ENIGMA  Consortium presents the largest\u2010ever mega\u2010analysis of sex differences in variability of brain structure, based on international data spanning nine decades of life. Subcortical volumes, cortical surface area and cortical thickness were assessed in MRI data of 16,683 healthy individuals 1\u201090\u2009years old . We observed significant patterns of greater male than female between\u2010subject variance for all subcortical volumetric measures, all cortical surface area measures, and 60% of cortical thickness measures. This pattern was stable across the lifespan for 50% of the subcortical structures, 70% of the regional area measures, and nearly all regions for thickness. Our findings that these sex differences are present in childhood implicate early life genetic or gene\u2010environment interaction mechanisms. The findings highlight the importance of individual differences within the sexes, that may underpin sex\u2010specific vulnerability to disorders.  This seMany prior studies report sex differences in brain structure, but the specificity, regional pattern and functional relevance of such effects are not clear  of participants aged 1 to 90\u2009years was included. We investigated subcortical volumes and regional cortical surface area and thickness. Our first aim was to replicate previous findings of greater male variability in brain structure in a substantially larger sample. Based on prior studies  Lifespan working group  was estimated by dividing variance measures for males and females. VR was log transformed to account for VR bias  is an indicator function that is 1 when Tb\u2009\u2265\u2009T, and 0 otherwise. Thus, the p\u2010value is the proportion of permuted test statistics (Tb) that were greater than the observed value T of the test statistic above. Here B was set to 10,000. FDR corrected values are reported as significant.where 2.6q be a probability between 0 and 1. The quantile function specifies the values at which the volume of a brain measure will be at or below any given q. The quantile function for males is given as Q and for females as Q. The quantile distance function is then defined as:To assess the nature of the variability difference between males and females, shift functions were estimated for each brain measure that showed significant variance differences between males and females using quantile regression forests  age by sex interaction effect using a linear model 1 and quadratic model 2:The absolute value of 2.8Inter\u2010regional anatomical associations were assessed by defining the correlation between two brain structures, after accounting for age and other covariates as described above. Anatomical correlation matrices were estimated as previously applied in several structural MRI studies for males and females separately  ranging from 0.41 (left accumbens) to 0.92 , and an average effect size of 0.7. In follow\u2010up analyses with total brain volume as an additional covariate we found a similar pattern, although effect sizes were smaller  age. As a background analysis, we first assessed whether brain structural measures showed mean differences between males and females to align our findings to previous reports Figure\u00a0, Table\u00a02 smaller . Also fo smaller . Cortica smaller .We then tested for sex differences in variance of brain structure, adjusted for cohort, field strength, FreeSurfer version and (non\u2010linear) age Figure\u00a0. All subd\u2010values , but no significant relation for regional cortical surface area (r (66) =\u20090.18, p\u2010value = .14), or thickness (r (66) = \u20100.21, p\u2010value = .09).Next, we directly tested whether the regions showing larger variance effects were also those showing larger mean differences, by correlating the variance ratios with the vector of 3.2In order to characterise how the distributions of males and females differ, quantiles were compared using a shift function , the significance of correlation differences between males and females was assessed.X2  =\u200910.889, p < .001. For surface area, no significant difference between males and females were observed: significantly stronger male homogeneity was observed in 4% of the 2,278 unique anatomical correlations, and similarly females also showed significantly stronger correlations in 4% of the anatomical associations  =\u2009460.300, p < .001.Of the 91 subcortical\u2010subcortical correlation coefficients, 2% showed significantly stronger correlations in males, while, unexpectedly, 19% showed stronger correlations in females (tested two\u2010sided) Figure\u00a0. A chi\u2010ss Figure\u00a0. For this Figure\u00a0. This di4In this study, we analyzed a large lifespan sample of neuroimaging data from 16,683 participants spanning nine decades of life starting at birth. Results confirmed the hypothesis of greater male variability in brain structure , episodic memory (hippocampus), and multimodal sensory integration  , and the neural embedding of social influences during the life span  and the investigation of variance effects. These points are important, as most observed mean sex differences in the brain are modest in size (Joel and Fausto\u2010Sterling\u00a0http://enigma.ini.usc.edu/protocols/imaging-protocols/), which involve a combination of statistical outlier detection and visual quality checks and a similar number of males and females had partially missing data , we cannot exclude the possibility that in\u2010scanner subject movement may have affected the results. Nevertheless, we do not think this can explain our finding of greater male variance in brain morphometry measures, as this was seen at both the upper and lower ends of the distributions.The current study has some limitations. First, the multi\u2010site sample was heterogeneous and specific samples were recruited in different ways, not always representative of the entire population. Furthermore, although structural measures may be quite stable across different scanners, the large number of sites may increase the variance in observed MRI measures, but this would be unlikely to be systematically biased with respect to age or sex. In addition, variance effects may change in non\u2010linear ways across the age\u2010range. This may be particularly apparent for surface area and subcortical volume measures, as these showed pronounced non\u2010linear developmental patterns through childhood and adolescence  sex differences in brain structure. Furthermore, the results of decreasing sex differences in variance across age opens a new direction for research focusing on lifespan changes in variability within sexes. Our findings of sex differences in regional brain structure being present already in childhood may suggest early genetic or gene\u2010environment interaction mechanisms. Further insights into the ontogeny and causes of variability differences in the brain may provide clues for understanding male biased neurodevelopmental disorders.1, Flyckt L1, Engberg G2, Erhardt S2, Fatouros\u2010Bergman H1, Cervenka S1, Schwieler L2, Piehl F3, Agartz I1,4,5, Collste K1, Sellgren CM2, Victorsson P1, Malmqvist A2, Hedberg M2, Orhan F2. 1 Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 3 Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; 4 NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 5 Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.Members of the Karolinska Schizophrenia Project (KaSP) consortium: Farde LThe authors declare the following competing interests: OAA: Speaker's honorarium from Lundbeck, Consultant of HealthLyti; PA: Received payments for consultancy to Shire/Takeda, Medic, educational/research awards from Shire/Takeda, GW Pharma, Janssen\u2010Cila, speaker at sponsored events for Shire, Flynn Pharma, Medic; TB: advisory or consultancy role for Lundbeck, Medice, Neurim Pharmaceuticals, Oberberg GmbH, Shire, and Infectopharm, conference support or speaker's fee by Lilly, Medice, and Shire, received royalities from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer, CIP Medien, Oxford University Press \u2010 the present work is unrelated to the above grants and relationship; DB: serves as an unpaid scientific consultant for an EU\u2010funded neurofeedback trial that is unrelated to the present work; HB: Advisory Board, Nutricia Australi; CRKC: received partial research support from Biogen, Inc.  for work unrelated to the topic of this manuscript; BF: received educational speaking fees from Medice; HJG: received travel grants and speakers honoraria from Fresenius Medical Care, Neuraxpharm, Servier and Janssen Cilag as well as research funding from Fresenius Medical Care; NJ and PMT: MPI of a research related grant from Biogen, Inc., for research unrelated to the contents of this manuscript; JK: given talks at educational events sponsored by Medic; all funds are received by King's College London and used for studies of ADHD; DM\u2010C: receives fees from UpToDate, Inc and Elsevier, all unrelated to the current work; AMM: received research support from Eli Lilly, Janssen, and the Sackler Foundation, and speaker fees from Illumina and Janssen; DJS: received research grants and/or honoraria from Lundbeck and Sun. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.Cohort PI/ENIGMA core: DD, IA, OAA, PA, TB, AB, DIB, SB, DB, HB, GFB, DMC, XC, TMCA, CRKC, VPC, PJC, AC, DvE, SEF, BF, ADG, DCG, IHG, HJG, OG, PG, REG, RCG, LdH, BJH, PJH, OAvdH, FMH, HEHP, CH, NJ, JAJ, AJK, JK, LL, ISL, CL, NGM, DM\u2010C, BM, BCM, CMcD, AMM, KLM, JMM, LN, JO, PP, EP\u2010C, MJP, JR, JLR, PGPR, MDS, PSS, TDS, AJS, KS, AS, JWS, IES, CS\u2010M, AJS, DJS, SIT, JNT, DJV, HW, YW, BW, LTW, HCW, SCRW, MJW, MVZ, GIdZ, YW, PMT, EAC, SF. Image data collection: IA, TNA, AA\u2010E, KIA, PA, SB, RB\u2010S, AB, AB, SB, JB, AdB, AB, VDC, XC, FXC, TMCA, VPC, AC, FC, CGD, DvE, PF\u2010C, EJCdG, ADG, DCG, IHG, HJG, PG, REG, LdH, BH, BJH, SNH, IBH, OAvdH, IBB, CAH, DJH, SH, AJH, MH, NH, FMH, CH, ACJ, EGJ, AJK, KKK, JL, LL, LdH, ISL, CL, MWJM, BM, BCM, YW, CMcD, AMM, GM, JN, YP, PP, GP, EP\u2010C, JR, SS, AR, GR, JLR, PSS, RS, SS, TDS, AJS, MHS, KS, AS, LTS, PRS, AST, JNT, AU, N, HV, LW, YW, BW, WW, JDW, LTW, SCRW, DHW, YNY, MVZ, GCZ, EAC. Image data processing/quality control: GED, MA, TNA, AA\u2010E, DA, KIA, AA, NB, SB, SE, AB, JB, AdB, RMB, VDC, EJC\u2010R, XC, FXC, CRKC, AC, CGD, EWD, SE, DvE, JPF, PF\u2010C, ADG, DCG, IHG, PG, TPG, BJH, SNH, OAvdH, AJH, MH, CH, ACJ, JJ, LK, BK, JL, ISL, PHL, MWJM, SM, IM\u2010Z, BM, BCM, YW, GM, DvdM, JN, RS, EJC\u2010R, YP, JR, GR, MDS, RS, TDS, KS, AS, LTS, PRS, SIT, AST, AU, IMV, LW, YW, WW, JDW, SCRW, KW, DHW, YNY, CKT. Manuscript revision: GED, IA, MA, AA\u2010E, PA, AB, HB, RMB, JKB, VDC, EJC\u2010R, XC, AC, CGD, DD, SE, PF\u2010C, EJCdG, ADG, DCG, IHG, HJG, REG, RCG, TPG, BH, BJH, CAH, OAvdH, AJH, NH, FMH, ACJ, EGJ, JAJ, MK, JL, PHL, CL, DM\u2010C, BM, BCM, AMM, DvdM, YP, GP, EP\u2010C, MJP, JR, GR, PSS, RS, AJS, KS, AS, DJS, HST, AST, JNT, AU, N, HV, BW, LTW, KW, DHW.LMW developed the theoretical framework and prepared the manuscript with support from GED, PMT, EAC, SF, and CKT. LMW designed the models and scripts, GED and SF analyzed the data. All sites processed the imaging data and conducted quality control. GD, DD, and SF brought together and organized the datasets. Appendix S1: Supplementary InformationClick here for additional data file.Supplemental Figure 1. Boxplot visualization of comparison of Right hippocampal volume, and parahippocampal surface area and thickness before and after adjustment. As age ranges differed for each cohort adjustments were performed in two steps: initially, a linear model was used to account for cohort and non\u2010linear age effects. Next, random forest regression modelling was used to additionally account for field strength and FreeSurfer version. In the Left panel, volumes were not adjusted, this displays the raw data for each cohort. In the Right panel, volumes were adjusted.Click here for additional data file.Supplemental Figure 2. Correlation between variance ratio and vector of d\u2010values for each region. Results show a significant association for subcortical volumes (Left), but no significant relation for regional cortical surface area (middle), or thickness (Right).Click here for additional data file.Supplemental Figure 3: (A) Sex differences in variability interacted with age in 50% of the subcortical volumes. Absolute residual values are modeled across the age range. Effects showed larger male than female variance in the younger age group, and a general trend of decreasing sex differences in variance with increasing age. (B) Sex differences in variability interacted with age in 30% of cortical surface area measures. Absolute residual values are modeled across the age range. Effects showed larger male than female variance in the younger age group, and a general trend of decreasing sex differences in variance with increasing age.Click here for additional data file.Supplementary Table 1. Screening Process and Eligibility Criteria, Scanner, Image Acquisition Parameters and Image Segmentation SoftwareClick here for additional data file.Supplementary Table 2. Supplementary Tables.Click here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Sarcopenia and muscle wasting are not just innocent bystanders in abdominal sepsis but play a significant role in determining patient outcome.Cachexia and sarcopenia have already been established as risk factors for unfavourable clinical outcomes in chronic disease; we are however still gaining a better understanding of the relevance of acute muscle loss in acute abdominal sepsis. Cox No funding involved.Catherine S. Reid, Vanessa M. Banz, Joerg C. Schefold, and Markus M. Luedi helped in writing the article.Catherine S. Reid reports no conflicts of interest, Vanessa M. Banz reports no conflicts of interest, and Joerg C. Schefold reports grants unrelated to the submitted work from  Orion Pharma, Abbott Nutrition International, B. Braun Medical AG, CSEM AG, Edwards Lifesciences Services GmbH, Kenta Biotech Ltd., Maquet Critical Care AB, Omnicare Clinical Research AG, Nestle, Pierre Fabre Pharma AG, Pfizer, Bard Medica S.A., Abbott AG, Anandic Medical Systems, Pan Gas AG Healthcare, Bracco, Hamilton Medical AG, Fresenius Kabi, Getinge Group Maquet AG, Dr\u00e4ger AG, Teleflex Medical GmbH, Glaxo Smith Kline, Merck Sharp and Dohme AG, Eli Lilly and Company, Baxter, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, CSL Behring, Novartis, Covidien, Philips Medical, Phagenesis Ltd., Prolong Pharmaceuticals, and Nycomed. The money was added to departmental funds. No personal financial gain applied. Markus M. Luedi reports no conflicts of interest."}
+{"text": "Bone Marrow Transplantation 10.1038/s41409-020-0854-0, published online 17 March 2020Correction to: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. Open access funding was enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.The article \u201cMyeloablative conditioning for allo-HSCT in pediatric ALL: FTBI or chemotherapy?\u2014A multicenter EBMT-PDWP study,\u201d written by Andre Manfred Willasch, Christina Peters, Petr Sedl\u00e1\u010dek, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Vassiliki Kitra-Roussou, Akif Yesilipek, Jacek Wachowiak, Arjan Lankester, Arcangelo Prete, Amir Ali Hamidieh, Marianne Ifversen, Jochen Buechner, Gergely Kriv\u00e1n, Rose-Marie Hamladji, Cristina Diaz-de-Heredia, Elena Skorobogatova, G\u00e9rard Michel, Franco Locatelli, Alice Bertaina, Paul Veys, Sophie Dupont, Reuven Or, Tayfun G\u00fcng\u00f6r, Olga Aleinikova, Sabina Sufliarska, Mikael Sundin, Jelena Rascon, Ain Kaare, Damir Nemet, Franca Fagioli, Thomas Erich Klingebiel, Jan Styczynski, Marc Bierings, K\u00e1lm\u00e1n Nagy, Manuel Abecasis, Boris Afanasyev, Marc Ansari, Kim Vettenranta, Amal Alseraihy, Alicja Chybicka, Stephen Robinson, Yves Bertrand, Alphan Kupesiz, Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh, Antonio Campos, Herbert Pichler, Arnaud Dalissier, Myriam Labopin, Selim Corbacioglu, Adriana Balduzzi, Jacques-Emmanuel Galimard, Peter Bader, on behalf of the EBMT Paediatric Diseases Working Party, was originally published online first without Open Access. After publication in volume 55, issue 8, page 1540\u20131551, the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 InternationalS License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02678-1, published online 02 December 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 2, which was incorrectly labelled as a present address.As a result, this affiliation was incorrectly captured for Gen Kobashi. The correct affiliations are listed below.Integrated Research Faculty for Advanced Medical Sciences, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, JapanDepartment of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, 321-0293, JapanThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "See, forexample, ref (In addition, following the initial appearanceof this work, werealized that the hydride transfer converting ple, ref ."}
+{"text": "Aparapotamon Dai & Chen, 1985 are described from Yunnan Province, southwest China. Morphological comparisons were made between the two new species and type materials of other 11 species of Aparapotamon. Aparapotamonbinchuanensesp. nov. and A.huizeensesp. nov. can be separated from their congeners by the shape of the epibranchial tooth, the frontal view of the cephalothorax, the male first gonopod, and the female vulvae. The molecular analyses based on partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene are also included. This study brings the number of Aparapotamon species to 13.Two new species of freshwater crab of the genus Potamid  Potamidae Ortmann, 1896  spend their whole life history in freshwater or terrestrial environments , Lawu Town, Binchuan County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province and Yue Huang from Zebu Village , Nagu Town, Huize County, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, respectively. All materials were preserved in 95% ethanol and deposited in the Department of Parasitology of the Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China (NCU MCP). Carapace width and length were measured in millimeters. The abbreviation of G1 and G2 are for male first gonopod and the male second gonopod, respectively. The terminology used primarily follows that of Specimens were collected by Han Dai from Biji Village . Comparative materials are as follows:We compared two new species with type materials of other eleven species of Aparapotamon arcuatum Dai & Chen, 1985: Holotype, CAS CB 05091, 1\u2642, China, Yunnan Province, Lijiang City, Ninglang Yi Autonomous County, Daxing Town, 14 Aug 1981; NCU MCP 4032, 1\u2642, China, Yunnan Province, Lijiang City, Yongsheng County, Yangping Yi Autonomous Town, 6 Jul 2017.Aparapotamon emineoforaminum Dai & Chen, 1985: Holotype, CAS CB 05090, 1\u2642, China, Sichuan Province, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Mianning County, Jionglong Town, Aug 1982.Aparapotamon gracilipedum Chen & Chang, 1982: Holotype, CAS CB 05148, 1\u2642, China, Henan Province, Luoyang City, Luanchuan County, Chenguan Town, 20 Sep 1978.Aparapotamon grahami Rathbun, 1929: CAS CB 00142, 1\u2642, China, Hubei Province, Nanyang City, 1977; CAS CB 00150, 1\u2642, China, Shannxi Province, Ankang City, Zhenping County, 16 Jul 1978; NCU MCP 4057, 1\u2642, China, Chongqing City, Wulong County, Dadonghe Town, 24 Jun 2018; NCU MCP 4241, 1\u2642, China, Yunnan Province, Kunming City, 31 Aug 2019.Aparapotamon huiliense Dai & Chen, 1985: Holotype, CAS CB 05089, 1\u2642, China, Sichuan Province, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Huili County, 2 Jun 1982; NCU MCP 4027, 1\u2642, China, Yunnan Province, Lijiang City, Huaping County, Zhongxin Town, Zuofang Village, 5 Jul 2017.Aparapotamon inflomanum Dai & Chen, 1985: Holotype, CAS CB 05096, 1\u2642, China, Yunnan Province, Diqing Zang Autonomous Prefecture, Zhongdian County, Sanba Town, 8 Sep 1981.Aparapotamon molarum Dai & Chen, 1985: Holotype, CAS CB 05094, 1\u2642, China,Yunnan Province, Lijiang City, Yulong Naxi Autonomous County, Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, 28 Aug 1981.Aparapotamon muliense Dai & Chen, 1990: Holotype, CAS CB 05088, 1\u2642, China, Sichuan Province, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Muli Zang Autonomous County, Xiaojin River, 5 Dec 1984.Aparapotamon protinum Dai & Chen, 1985: Holotype, CAS CB 05093, 1\u2642, China, Yunnan Province, Lijiang City, Yongsheng County, Songping Town, 22 Aug 1981.Aparapotamon similium Dai & Chen, 1985: Holotype, CAS CB 05095, 1\u2642, China, Yunnan Province, Lijiang City, Yongsheng County, Renli Town, 22 Aug 1981; NCU MCP 4031, 1\u2642, China,Yunnan Province, Lijiang City, Ninglang Yi Autonomous County, Paomaping Town, 6 Jul 2017.Aparapotamon tholosum Dai & Chen, 1985: Holotype, CAS CB 05092, 1\u2642, China, Yunnan Province, Lijiang City, Yongsheng County, Chenguan Town, 22 Aug 1981; NCU MCP 4034, 1\u2642, China, Yunnan Province, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Binchuan County, Zhoucheng Town, 5 Jul 2017.Institutional abbreviations used in the paper are as follows:CAS CBChinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;NCHUZOOLZoological Collections of the Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan;NCU MCPDepartment of Parasitology of the Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China;NNU College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China;SYSBM Sun Yat-sen Museum of Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China;ZRCZoological Reference Collection of the Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore.The pereiopod muscle tissue was extracted from specimens of the new species with a DP1902 Tissue Kit (BioTeKe Inc. Beijing). Partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences were obtained by PCR amplification with the primers 1471 (5\u2019-CCTGTTTANCAAAAACAT-3\u2019) and 1472 (5\u2019-AGATAGAAACCAACCTGG-3\u2019) . The parBI and ML phylogenetic trees, including those of 27 species in 22 genera of potamids (Table BI) analysis was determined by MrModeltest ver. 2.3 (AIC). The obtained model was GTR+I+G. MrBayes 3.2.6  analysis was HKY+G, determined by MEGA X , China, Yunnan Province, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Binchuan County, Lawu Town, 25\u00b053'34\"N, 100\u00b055'30\"E, alt. 1658 m, 10 Aug 2010, Han Dai leg. Paratypes: NCU MCP 170702, NCU MCP 170704, NCU MCP 170705, 3\u2642\u2642  and NCU MCP 170703, NCU MCP 170706, NCU MCP 170707, 3\u2640\u2640 , same data as holotype.G1 slender, distal end tapering, distinctly bent. G2 basal segment ovate, tip of terminal segment laterally flattened.Carapace trapezoidal, regions defined. External orbital angle triangular, postorbital cristae convex, postfrontal lobe prominent. Cervical groove indistinct, H-shaped groove conspicuous. Epibranchial tooth blunt, anterolateral margin lined with numerous granules. Third maxilliped exopod without flagellum. Adult male and female chelipeds slightly unequal. Ambulatory legs relatively slender. Male sterno-pleonal cavity deep, median longitudinal groove between sternites 7/8 long. Male pleon narrow triangular, telson triangular. Vulva small, ovate, located close to each other at anterior part of sternites 6, posterior margin not convex. Carapace width 1.25 \u00d7 length (n = 7), regions defined; dorsal surface slightly convex Figs , 3A. ExtThird maxilliped exopod without flagellum, claviform, reaching proximal 1/3 of merus lateral margin Figs , 2B, E. Chelipeds slightly unequal in both adult male and female, right cheliped larger Fig. . Palm ofMale thoracic sternum punctate, formed by tidy depression; sternites 1\u20134 broad, sternites 1/2 completely continuous; suture 2/3 complete, transverse; suture 3/4 visible, mesially reaching distolateral part of sterno-pleonal cavity Fig. . Male stG1 slender; terminal segment claviform, distal end tapering, distinctly bent, inner margin arc-shaped, outer margin straight, dorsal lobe barely visible in ventral view , China, Yunnan Province, Qujing City, Huize County, Nagu Town, Zebu Village, 26\u00b030'41\"N, 103\u00b010'25\"E, alt. 1954 m, 25 Aug 2011, Yue Huang leg. Paratypes: NCU MCP 179802, 1\u2642 (26.9 \u00d7 21.9 mm) and NCU MCP 179803\u2013179808, 6\u2640\u2640 , same data as holotype.G1 very slender, dorsal lobe well developed, exceeding suture 4/5 in situ, G2 basal segment ovate, tip of terminal segment round.Carapace trapezoidal, dorsal surface slightly convex, regions defined. External orbital angle round, separated from anterolateral margin, postorbital cristae convex, postfrontal lobe prominent. Cervical groove shallow, H-shaped groove distinct, especially in female specimen. Epibranchial tooth distinct, especially in female specimen. Third maxilliped exopod without flagellum. Ambulatory legs slender. Male pleon broad triangular, telson triangular, apex rounded. Vulva ovate, covering anterior half of sternite 6, with the posterior margin distinctly convex. Carapace width 1.25 \u00d7 length (n = 8), regions distinctly defined; dorsal surface slightly convex, anterolateral and frontal region covered with conspicuous round granules Fig. . ExternaThird maxilliped exopod without flagellum, claviform, reaching proximal 1/3 of merus lateral margin Figs , 6B. IscMale thoracic sternum punctate, formed by tidy depression; sternites 1\u20134 broad, sternites 1/2 completely continuous; suture 2/3 complete, transverse; suture 3/4 visible, mesially reaching distolateral part of sterno-pleonal cavity Fig. . Male stG1 very slender; terminal segment claviform, slightly bent distally, inner margin arc-shaped, outer margin straightly, dorsal lobe well developed and gonopod pore located in it  for further phylogenetic studies of this genus. If the results of other makers indicate that the genetic distance between Aparapotamon is also too small compared to other freshwater crab genera, revision of Aparapotamon is necessary.In this study, 30 sequences of 16S rRNA gene from 27 species of 22 genera were used to performed phylogenetic analyses. Since the two new species cluster with other ade Fig. , the phyent Fig.  [vs. terent Fig. ]. In thiAparapotamon were clustered into one clade. And Aparapotamon cluster with other genera from Yunnan form \u2018Yunnan\u2019 clade. The genera in the branch of \u2018Yunnan\u2019 have many similarities in terms of morphological structure, such as the G1 slender, the terminal segment is longer than the half of subterminal segment, third maxilliped exopod without flagellum, and the ability to live at an altitude of 1500\u20132900 meters (A.molarum were collected at Baishui River, Yulong Naxi Autonomous County, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province at an altitude of 2910 meters, which is the highest altitude at which freshwater crab specimens have been discovered in China so far (The present molecular results show five species of 0 meters . Specimea so far ."}
+{"text": "Proceratophrys Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920, which is widely distributed in South America. P. cristiceps distribution is limited to the Caatinga biome in Brazil. We examined its chromatic variation from a populational perspective, looking at different phenetic polymorphism levels and probable chromotypic association by applying statistical and GIS tools that could facilitate future taxonomic research regarding this and other species. We characterized P. cristiceps colour patterns and re-evaluated its geographic variation, highlighting potential consequences for the taxonomy of the genus. Our results revealed six principle chromotypes whose frequencies varied among sex and ontogenetic classes. Phenotypic expression appeared to respect defined proportions and evidenced selective value for the species. We conclude that individual variation, together with typological traditionalism may overestimate the polymorphic magnitude at the population level and cause taxonomic inflation. Our data support the usefulness of P. cristiceps as a model for microevolutionary studies.Quantifying variability is important for understanding how evolution operates in polymorphic species such as those of the genus  Morphological variation plays a fundamental role in the evolution of species. Although not all characteristics are heritable, natural selection can potentially act on those that are transmissible to new generations . UnderstProceratophrys.Such studies seek, in principle, to understand the origin of biodiversity, and how it can be accessed from the recognizable and comparable differences and similarities among organisms. Assessing morphological variation in an operationally adequate approach making use of different techniques, methods, or philosophies has proven to be a huge challenge by taxonomic, or even conservationist, criteria , principProceratophrysCeratophrys Wied-Neuwied, 1824, and often placed within the same genus ; P. cristiceps  and P. renalis  along defined geographic gradients that could corroborate or bring into question certain taxonomic proposals. We also attempt to heuristically explain the origin of the variability found, and produce information that could facilitate identifying the species and their congeners, and thus favour future studies of the ecology, biogeography and systematics of the genus\u2014as well as of other species.In light of the importance of populational polymorphism in taxonomic and evolutionary research, we have sought to precisely examine the chromatic variation in our model organism, Proceratophrys cristiceps specimens from 37 localities were analyzed (Appendix). All the individuals were available in the Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory (UFPB) and the Herpetological Collection of the Universidade Federal da Para\u00edba (CHUFPB). The taxonomic identities of the samples were verified by consulting descriptions and diagnoses  consistent with each suggested post-larval developmental phase , whose cProceratophrys cristiceps specimens was performed based on the standardisation suggested by the colour catalogue for field herpetologists  were immersed in water to enhance the contrasts of their spots, stripes, and colouration under both natural and artificial light. That technique improved pattern identification as well as the descriptions and classifications of possible chromotypes.The chromatic characterization of both living and preserved ologists  to decreP. cristiceps were recorded as digital images . All image captures were made at the same distance (25 cm) from the specimens with the camera lens in a horizontal position (using flash and a white background to highlight contrasts). We considered the numbers and sizes of the dark spots on the dorsal surface of the body of each specimen (2) even the smallest spots (by gradient), considering the total body area of each specimen  tested in recognized populations. With that in mind, we attempted to identify different forms of variability in our samples and test them within and among the chromatic observed categories.Proceratophrys cristiceps were tested using multiway ANOVA with unequal replications and the Kruskal\u2013Wallis test, the latter being indicated for samples with unknown distributions. Comparisons among frequency proportions were achieved through cross-tabulation and were carried out using Pearson\u2019s Chi-square tests. That representation was found to be very informative, enabling us to re-examine the data in a simplified manner (line plots).The morphometric  and chroThe collection localities were accepted here as true populations for strictly operational reasons. This was done with the intention of producing sub-samples, presumably considered as distinct populations  separated by geographical gaps of relative lengths . The predemes\u201d , without necessarily supporting any possible taxonomic distinction at the species level, but conferring a particular identity .We therefore decided to identify presumed breeding cross sets to mitigate methodological eventualities, or the \u201cdemes\u201d . Accordin = 6) to access part of the variability of the presumed populations (the phenons) through certain attributes (see below). We established 15 individuals per location as the minimum sample size due to circumstantial and operational limitations. We considered here a statement of the central limit theorem . The choice of the number of dimensions was determined by the traditional scree test  and the symmetry of the multivariate population distributions prior to the analyses  and S3. demes, we collected information on several explanatory variables such as vegetation cover; climate, following the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification  by including them in a relatively larger prediction compared to Maxent  in GCS WGS 1984 projections.Our predictions were generated through the information available in the WorldClim portal (Version 2.1), which were scenopoetic variables (temperatures and precipitation) with a range of annual means from 1970 to 2000 . All theProceratophrys. We tested the functionality of the information provided by the authors (see below) by comparing them to each other and with the phenotypic traits of our samples P. cristiceps individuals. We also checked the types of taxonomic features, and counted how many times they were applied by different authors (to different species). When one of those characteristics was recognized in our samples, or among the different authors, we could then verify the ambiguity of that phenetic trait. Our objective was to verify if identical diagnostic features could be found among distinct species (refutability principle). We constructed a matrix of meristic variables according to the frequency of the characteristics used. Next, we produced a set of common values from the available data based on six phenetic variables: colour; bone (considering the description of the head form); tissue ; measurements; sonogram and genetics (including karyotype).We analyzed the ambiguity and the frequencies of the diagnostic characteristics commonly used at the taxonomic level within the genus k groups, so that the sets were brought together in a greater order of similarity : brown bichromatic colouration in diverse hues (C22\u2013C25) on a tawny olive and drab brown background (C17 and C19), whose spots or stripes, sometimes distributed in a well-defined direction, impede the recognition of a characteristic dorsal geometric figure\u2014\u201carrowhead\u201d : similar to chromotype 1 in terms of having brown colouration and suborbital or interorbital bands , however, there is a well-defined dorsal geometric figure laterally limited by dark bands (maroon\u2014C38) in the orbit-cloaca direction. There are also lighter nuances on the flanks  and on the limbs, stomach and snout (cyan white\u2014C155). Usually occuring in leaf litter (97.02%) or gravel (2.98%);Chromotype 2 : with very clear brown-grey colouration, and slightly variegated (C256 to C259). Evident dorsal geometric figure and yellow-brown colouration (C84), distributed in the orbit-cloaca direction; limited by two bands (in opposing toothed arches) and lines of semi-parallel glandular nodules. Single interocular stripe and two well-defined suborbital stripes. May have discrete rusty tones (C253) in the supraocular portions and sides of the body. Generally occurring in earthy soil with sparse leaf litter (92.83%);Chromotype 3 : with evident trichromatic colouration, whose rusty red hue (C35 and C253) cover a large part of the body. Clear dorsal geometric figure with a pale-yellow colouration (C2 and C3), laterally limited by regular dark bands (C30) in an orbit-cloaca direction. Suborbital stripes are not clearly evident; presence of only one interocular stripe. A pineal spot present. There are also white hues (C155 and C261) in the lateral portions of the body and limbs, similar to Chrom2. Generally inhabiting sandy soils (6.25%), grit or gravel (93.75%);Chromotype 4 : general colouration monochromatic as compared to the others chromotypes, generally with rusty red hues (C57 and C58) or yellow-brown characteristic (C17). Barely visible spots or streaks. Generally occurs in grit or gravel (93.30%);Chromotype 5 : general brown-grey colouration (C19) with diverse nuances, with evident yellow-brown spots (or lighter hues C12 and C111) distributed in characteristic areas: snout and suprascapula. The dorsal geometric figure is laterally outlined by spots in a toothed arch shape, although not well defined. Generally inhabiting earthy or sandy soils (81.26%) and even in leaf litter (18.74%).Chromotype 6 (P. cristiceps (\u224814:43:6:9:8:20), which was also maintained internally among the samples and localities . The Chrom5 individuals found studied here were less saturated than the others , with a 2) was greater in females; they were also more saturated than those of the males , but those variations were absent in juveniles and even in sub-adults \u2013S11. Maldemes, and they were not easily explained by the environmental predictors. Geographically supported and consistent groups were produced, however, when the multidimensional scaling diagram was associated with the phenetic trait diversity mapping. The results indicated Almas and S\u00e3o Mamede; Serra Talhada and Caic\u00f3; Junco and Jaguaribe; Cabaceiras and S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o do Cariri as markers of zones with shared phenons  found in tegories , phenotytegories  and is rtegories .demes (understood herein as conglomerate populations) that were morphometrically smaller (on the average) in the north-western (hotter and drier) regions of the Caatinga. The most likely explanation for that observation would involve temperature-associated effects  is difficult to approach experimentally, and taxonomic studies often view operational morphological units (OMUs) as different sub-species or even species. There are also underlying factual  requirements necessary to explain the morphological divergence and the alleged taxonomic diversity , which inhabits open and dry environments in the Cerrado and Caatinga (Proceratophrys cristiceps (and other species of the genus) has been studied and debated for decades   characteristics for all species in the as well) \u2014suggestiOur observations, for example, indicated that nodules (including warts and tubercles) are extremely variable in terms of numbers, shapes and distributions, either isolated or regionally, on the same individual or among specimens  and S17.Another common characteristic used in descriptions of these species are the rows of opposite oculum-dorsal nodules and their associated spots and stripes. Those rows appear to be important in forming the arrowhead shape of the dorsal design . This shi.e., disregarding probable variation) is that species descriptions may not be sustainable in reality : UFPB12112, UFPB12114, UFPB12115, UFPB12116, UFPB12118, UFPB12124. Santa Terezinha : CHUFPB24169. CEAR\u00c1| Crato : CHUFPB19690, CHUFPB20690. Ipu : UFPB6127. Jaguaribe : CHUFPB19946, CHUFPB20656, CHUFPB20657, CHUFPB20675, CHUFPB20940, CHUFPB21058, CHUFPB22183, CHUFPB22188, CHUFPB22195, CHUFPB22233. Junco : UFPB10033, UFPB10034, UFPB10035, UFPB10036, UFPB10037. Quixad\u00e1 : CHUFPB19935, CHUFPB22177, CHUFPB22191. Santa Quit\u00e9ria : UFPB10752, UFPB10759, UFPB10760. Ubajara : CHUFPB19726, CHUFPB19729, CHUFPB19886, CHUFPB19925, CHUFPB19969, CHUFPB20654, CHUFPB20662, CHUFPB20671, CHUFPB20680, CHUFPB20681, CHUFPB20683, CHUFPB20792, CHUFPB20818, CHUFPB20820, CHUFPB20821, CHUFPB20822, CHUFPB20827, CHUFPB20830, CHUFPB20854, CHUFPB20876, CHUFPB20894, CHUFPB20896, CHUFPB20921, CHUFPB20930, CHUFPB20933, CHUFPB20938, CHUFPB20939, CHUFPB20943, CHUFPB20946, CHUFPB21056, CHUFPB21347, CHUFPB21349, CHUFPB21351, CHUFPB21355, CHUFPB22178, CHUFPB22179, CHUFPB22187, CHUFPB22190, CHUFPB22194, CHUFPB22201, CHUFPB22205, CHUFPB22217, CHUFPB22222, CHUFPB22225. PARA\u00cdBA| Boa Vista : UFPB1571, UFPB1572, UFPB1573, UFPB1574, UFPB1575, UFPB1576, UFPB1577, UFPB1579, UFPB1580, UFPB1581. Cabaceiras : UFPB11266, UFPB11267, UFPB11268, UFPB11269, UFPB11270, UFPB11271, UFPB11272, UFPB11273, UFPB11274, UFPB11275, UFPB11276, UFPB6691, UFPB6692, UFPB6693, UFPB6694. Desterro : UFPB1582, UFPB1583, UFPB1584, UFPB1585, UFPB1586. Fazenda Almas : FA01, FA44, FA45, FA46, FA149, FA154, FA158, FA159, UFPB4267, UFPB4270, WLSV1308, WLSV1346, WLSV1349, WLSV1463, WLSV1470, WLSV1472, WLSV1474, WLSV1475, WLSV1476, WLSV1477, WLSV1485, WLSV1487, WLSV1488, WLSV1497, WLSV1505, WLSV1566, WLSV1567, WLSV1572, WLSV2021, WLSV2026, WLSV2042, WLSV2131, WLSV2170, WLSV2252, WLSV2259, WLSV2260, WLSV2339, WLSV2340, WLSV2341, WLSV2388, WLSV2391, WLSV2935, WLSV3007, WLSV3016, WLSV3017A, WLSV3018, WLSV3019, WLSV3031, WLSV3032, WLSV3303, WLSV3304, WLSV3305, WLSV3318, WLSV3319, WLSV3320, WLSV3321, WLSV3990, WLSV4057, WLSV4063, WLSV4091, WLSV4093, WLSV4095, WLSV4207, WLSV4208, WLSV4209, WLSV4237, WLSV4335, WLSV4365, WLSV4375, WLSV4388, WLSV4397, WLSV4398, WLSV4399, WLSV4411, WLSV4492, WLSV4493, WLSV4494, WLSV4515, WLSV4529, WLSV4530, WLSV4533, WLSV4604, WLSV4646, WLSV4647, WLSV4765, WLSV4766, WLSV4767, WLSV4768, WLSV4769, WLSV4770, WLSV4771, WLSV4772, WLSV4773, WLSV4774, WLSV4775, WLSV4776, WLSV4777, WLSV4778, WLSV4779, WLSV4780, WLSV4789, WLSV4791, WLSV813, WLSV814, Y039. Patos : KSV041, KSV053, KSV055, KSV079, KSV113, KSV196, KSV232, KSV233, KSV237, KSV246, KSV247, KSV248, KSV251, KSV266, KSV278, KSV313, KSV319, KSV320, KSV321, KSV322, KSV325, KSV326, KSV327, KSV328, KSV330, KSV346. Pedra da Boca : KSV02, UFPB8423, UFPB8424, UFPB8425, UFPB8426, UFPB8427, UFPB8428, UFPB8429, UFPB8430, UFPB8431, UFPB8432, UFPB8433, UFPB8434, UFPB8435, UFPB8436, UFPB8437, UFPB8438, UFPB8439, UFPB8440, UFPB8441, UFPB8442, UFPB8443, UFPB8444, UFPB8445, UFPB8446, UFPB8447, UFPB8448, UFPB8449, UFPB8450, UFPB8451, UFPB8452, UFPB8453, UFPB8454, UFPB8455, UFPB8456, UFPB8457, UFPB8458, UFPB8459, UFPB8460, UFPB8461, UFPB8462, UFPB8463, UFPB8464, UFPB8465, UFPB8466, UFPB8467, UFPB8468, UFPB8470, UFPB8471, UFPB8472, UFPB8473, UFPB8474, UFPB8475, UFPB8476, UFPB8477, UFPB8478, UFPB8479, UFPB8480, UFPB8481, UFPB8482, UFPB8483, UFPB8484, UFPB8485, UFPB8486, UFPB8487, UFPB8488, UFPB8489, UFPB8490, UFPB8491, UFPB8492, YL005, YL013, YL101, YL117, YL135, YL144, YL173, YL238, YL280, YL283, YL293, YL325, YL348. S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o do Cariri : WLSV001, WLSV002, WLSV173, WLSV209, WLSV244, WLSV245, WLSV258, WLSV596, WLSV884, WLSV885, WLSV886, WLSV899, WLSV900, WLSV901, WLSV902, WLSV903, WLSV904, WLSV904, WLSV905, WLSV906, WLSV965, WLSV966, WLSV967. S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Cordeiros : UFPB11253, UFPB11254, UFPB11255, UFPB11256, UFPB11257, UFPB11258, UFPB11259, UFPB11260, UFPB11261, UFPB11262, UFPB11263, UFPB11264, UFPB11265, UFPB5866. S\u00e3o Mamede : UFPB11686, UFPB11687. PERNAMBUCO| Arcoverde : UFPB9678, UFPB9679, UFPB9680, UFPB9681, UFPB9682, UFPB9683, UFPB9684, UFPB9685, UFPB9686, UFPB9687, UFPB9688, UFPB9689, UFPB9690, UFPB9691, UFPB9692, UFPB9693, UFPB9694, UFPB9695, UFPB9696, UFPB9697, UFPB9698, UFPB9699, UFPB9701. Bezerros: UFPB7098. Bu\u00edque : CHUFPB19895, CHUFPB19903, CHUFPB19908, CHUFPB19920, CHUFPB19921, CHUFPB19977, CHUFPB19978, CHUFPB20672, CHUFPB20830, CHUFPB20833, CHUFPB20855, CHUFPB20868, CHUFPB20884, CHUFPB20924, CHUFPB21057, CHUFPB22174, CHUFPB22175. Ex\u00fa : UFPB7208, UFPB7209, UFPB7210, UFPB7211, UFPB7212, UFPB7213, UFPB7214, UFPB7216, UFPB7217. Nascente : UFPB9670, UFPB9671. Serra Talhada : UFPB9655, UFPB9656, UFPB9657, UFPB9658, UFPB9659. Trindade : UFPB9672, UFPB9673, UFPB9674, UFPB9676, UFPB9677, UFPB974. V\u00e1rzea da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o : UFPB9661, UFPB9662, UFPB9666, UFPB9668, UFPB9664, UFPB9667, UFPB9665, UFPB9663. PIAU\u00cd| Cajueiro : UFPB7086. Caracol : GGS2-01, GGS2-02, GGS2-03, GGS2-04, GGS2-05, GGS2-06, GGS2-07. Paulistana : UFPB9669. Piripiri : UFPB10339. Serra das Confus\u00f5es : GGS560, GGS608, GGS656, GGS657, GGS658, GGS673, GGS674, CHUFPB19973, CHUFPB19986, CHUFPB20878, CHUFPB22176, CHUFPB22193, CHUFPB22215, CHUFPB22219, CHUFPB22221, CHUFPB22227. RIO GRANDE DO NORTE| Caic\u00f3 : UFPB14903, UFPB14904, UFPB14905, UFPB14906. Jo\u00e3o C\u00e2mara : GGS01, GGS02, GGS03, GGS04, GGS05, GGS06, GGS07, GGS08, GGS09, GGS10, GGS11, GGS12, GGS13, GGS14, GGS15, GGS16, GGS17, GGS18, GGS19, GGS20, GGS21, GGS22, GGS23, GGS24, GGS25, GGS26, GGS27, GGS28, GGS29, GGS30, GGS31, GGS100, GGS101, GGS102, GGS103, GGS104, GGS105, GGS106, GGS107, GGS108, GGS109, GGS110, GGS111, GGS112, GGS113, GGS114, GGS115, GGS116, GGS117, GGS118, GGS119, GGS120, GGS121, GGS122, CHUFPB19900, CHUFPB19984, CHUFPB20872, CHUFPB21300, CHUFPB21844, CHUFPB21860, CHUFPB21884, CHUFPB22224, CHUFPB23174. Maca\u00edba : CHUFPB19847, CHUFPB19948, CHUFPB19949, CHUFPB19953, CHUFPB19961, CHUFPB19966, CHUFPB19972, CHUFPB19974, CHUFPB19976, CHUFPB19980, CHUFPB19995, CHUFPB20679, CHUFPB20682, CHUFPB20684, CHUFPB20790, CHUFPB20802, CHUFPB20834, CHUFPB20842, CHUFPB20848, CHUFPB20858, CHUFPB20864, CHUFPB20866, CHUFPB20869, CHUFPB20874, CHUFPB20883, CHUFPB20900, CHUFPB20903, CHUFPB21063, CHUFPB21348. Santa Cruz : CHUFPB21054. Santana dos Matos : CHUFPB19938, CHUFPB20660, CHUFPB20840, CHUFPB20857, CHUFPB20890, CHUFPB20897, CHUFPB20928. Serra de S\u00e3o Bento : CHUFPB22200, CHUFPB22203. TOCANTINS| Alian\u00e7a : UFPB1588.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-1Supplemental Information 1(B) Characteristic dorsal (8-bit) chromatic pattern. (C) Total area of spots (red colour) calculated along the dorsal surface of the specimen. Measurements sets: area; minimum and maximum grey value; mean grey value. Bar: 56 mm. Photo credit: Kleber Vieira.Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-2Supplemental Information 2Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-3Supplemental Information 3Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-4Supplemental Information 4Chrom5 individuals are significantly different (\u03b1 = 0.05) from the other chromotypes, demonstrating smaller spots. Curiously, females generally demonstrated a greater average spot size compared to males.Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-5Supplemental Information 5Chrom5 individuals are significantly different (\u03b1 = 0.05) from the other chromotypes, demonstrating smaller spots that are located farther apart from one another.Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-6Supplemental Information 6Chrom 5 individuals are significantly different (\u03b1 = 0.05) from the other chromotypes, demonstrating smaller spots. Some values not observed. Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-7Supplemental Information 7Chrom5 individuals are significantly different (\u03b1 = 0.05) from the other chromotypes, demonstrating smaller spots that are located farther apart from one another. Males exhibit a smaller average distribution area as compared to females. Some values not observed. Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-8Supplemental Information 8indicating that males and females are equivalent when comparing them in terms of ontogenetic classes . Wilks\u2019 lambda = 0.81; F = 1.05; p = 0.34. Vertical bars denote 0.95 confidence intervals .Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-9Supplemental Information 9p = 0.34. Vertical bars denote 0.95 confidence intervals .indicating that males and females were equivalent when comparing ontogenetic classes . Wilks\u2019 lambda = 0.81; F = 1.05; Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-10Supplemental Information 10p = 0.063. Vertical bars denote 0.95 confidence intervals .indicating that the males and females were equivalent when comparing maturity classes (Immature and Mature). Wilks\u2019 lambda = 0.80; F = 1.33; Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-11Supplemental Information 11p = 0.063. Vertical bars denote 0.95 confidence intervals .indicating that the males and females were equivalent when comparing maturity classes (Immature and Mature). Wilks\u2019 lambda = 0.80; F = 1.33; Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-12Supplemental Information 12PC1 is correlated with size dimensions, whereas PC2 is correlated with saturation. It is possible to verify that Chrom5 and Dem5 are more concentrated and distributed along the superior portion of the second component, suggesting the presence of low saturated specimens. The environmental predictors did not explain the chromatic variance observed, indicating the existence of underlying operating factors. Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-13Supplemental Information 13The data indicated that the species is typical of the Caatinga, being found with greater probability in the tropical savanna and semi-arid climate zones of this biome, according to the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification.Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-14Supplemental Information 14(A) Chrom1 and (B) Chrom2. The contrast of the animals\u2019 coloring in relation to the soil suggests adaptive reinforcement of the individual survival capacity (crypsis). Photo credit: Washington L. S. Vieira. Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-15Supplemental Information 15Leptodactylus and Rhinella increased at similar rates over the decades, being later surpassed by Proceratophrys due to its faster rate of annual descriptions (A). When compared among congeneric groups (B), the highest description rates are observed in the cristiceps group. The bigibbosa group has been reasonably stable, but the boiei group rate has declined in relation to the total. Data obtained from Frost, D. R. (2021). Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1.The lines represent least squares regressions, while the numbers over the dots represent the periodic rate (%) of the descriptions (A). We found that the species of the genera Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-16Supplemental Information 16Gular region: slightly globular and smooth (A) or rough (B); dorsal glandular nodules varying in shape and size (C and D); ventral posterior portion: elongated and flattened (E). Photo credit: Kleber Vieira.Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-17Supplemental Information 17P. cristiceps. A (WLSV 1474); B (WLSV 4095); C (WLSV 4791); D (UFPB 23174); E (UFPB 7214) e F (KSV 237). Photo credit: Kleber Vieira.on the outer portion of the right forearm and buccal (and/or subocular) commissure in specimens of Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-18Supplemental Information 18The relative frequencies varied little among the sample categories analysed: ~14:43:6:9:8:20. Significant variations were not observed (\u03b1=0.05).Click here for additional data file.10.7717/peerj.12879/supp-19Supplemental Information 19Click here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Mol Psychiatry 10.1038/s41380-020-0774-9Correction to: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.The article \u201cBrain structural abnormalities in obesity: relation to age, genetic risk, and common psychiatric disorders\u201d, written by Nils Opel, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Yuri Milaneschi, Dominik Grotegerd, Claas Flint, Ramona Leenings, Janik Goltermann, Maike Richter, Tim Hahn, Georg Woditsch, Klaus Berger, Marco Hermesdorf, Andrew McIntosh, Heather C. Whalley, Mathew A. Harris, Frank P. MacMaster, Henrik Walter, Ilya M. Veer, Thomas Frodl, Angela Carballedo, Axel Krug, Igor Nenadic, Tilo Kircher, Andre Aleman, Nynke A. Groenewold, Dan J. Stein, Jair C. Soares, Giovana B. Zunta-Soares, Benson Mwangi, Mon-Ju Wu, Martin Walter, Meng Li, Ben J. Harrison, Christopher G. Davey, Kathryn R. Cullen, Bonnie Klimes-Dougan, Bryon A. Mueller, Philipp G. S\u00e4mann, Brenda Penninx, Laura Nawijn, Dick J. Veltman, Lyubomir Aftanas, Ivan V. Brak, Elena A. Filimonova, Evgeniy A. Osipov, Liesbeth Reneman, Anouk Schrantee, Hans J. Grabe, Sandra Van der Auwera, Katharina Wittfeld, Norbert Hosten, Henry V\u00f6lzke, Kang Sim, Ian H. Gotlib, Matthew D. Sacchet, Jim Lagopoulos, Sean N. Hatton, Ian Hickie, Elena Pozzi, Paul M. Thompson, Neda Jahanshad, Lianne Schmaal, Bernhard T. Baune & Udo Dannlowski, was originally published electronically on the publisher\u2019s internet portal on 28 May 2020 without open access. With the author(s)\u2019 decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 4 June 2021 to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2021 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit"}
+{"text": "Clinical and Translational Medicine, \u201cCD248 as a novel therapeutic target in pulmonary arterial hypertension\u201d by Tao Xu, Lei Shao, Aimei Wang, Rui Liang, Yuhan Lin, GuanWang, Yan Zhao, Jing Hu, and Shuangyue Liu,The following article from"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-93650-6, published online 14 July 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 1, which was incorrectly given as \u2018Environmental Research Laboratory, INRASTES, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, Greece\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below:Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, INRASTES, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Ag. Paraskevi, Athens, GreeceThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-019-46634-6, published online 15 July 2019Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for Hassan Alkharaan. The correct affiliations are listed below.Division of Clinical Diagnostics and Surgery, DENTMED, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi ArabiaThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The initials of the third, sixth, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, and sixteenth authors are indexed incorrectly in PubMed. The correct initials are, respectively: Arthur CPS; Oliveira MAP; Segalote RC; Tiveron MG; de Barros e Silva PGM; Nakazone MA; Lisboa LAF; Dallan LAO; and Jatene FB.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255662The correct citation is: Goncharov M, Mejia OAV, Arthur CPS, Orlandi BMM, Sousa A, Oliveira MAP, et al. (2021) Mortality risk prediction in high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: Are traditional risk scores accurate? PLoS ONE 16(8): e0255662."}
+{"text": "This study had no funding source.Victor Hugo Fonseca de Jesus: conceptualisation, methodology, data curation, data analyses, writing and visualisation; Rachel Pimenta Riechelmann: methodology, writing and visualisation."}
+{"text": "Oncogene 10.1038/s41388-021-02006-x, published online 10 September 2021Correction to: In this article the affiliation details for Author Jean-Christophe Marine were incorrectly given as Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. but should have been Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05602-3, published online 28 January 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in the Affiliation, which was incorrectly given as \u2018Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 204 Guangming Hall, NO. 800 Dongchuan Street, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, USA\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below:Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 204 Guangming Hall, NO. 800 Dongchuan Street, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-84540-y, published online 03 March 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors.Affiliation 2 was incorrectly given as \u2018Department of Chemistry, Science College, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia\u2019. Additionally, an affiliation was omitted for both Sayed M. Saleh and Reham Ali. The correct affiliations are listed below:Affiliation 1:Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 16722, Makkah, 21955, Saudi ArabiaDina F. Katowah\u00a0&\u00a0Gharam I. MohammedAffiliation 2:Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.Sayed M. Saleh\u00a0&\u00a0Reham AliAffiliation 3:Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, 43721, Suez, Egypt.Sayed M. SalehAffiliation 4:Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaSara A. AlqarniAffiliation 5:Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, 43518 Suez, EgyptReham AliAffiliation 6:Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi ArabiaMahmoud A. HusseinAffiliation 7:Polymer Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, EgyptMahmoud A. HusseinThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Ovarian cancer (OCa) is characterized as one of the common reasons for cancer-associated death in women globally. This gynecological disorder is chiefly named the \u201csilent killer\u201d due to lacking an association between disease manifestations in the early stages and OCa. Because of the disease recurrence and resistance to common therapies, discovering an effective therapeutic way against the disease is a challenge. According to documents, some popular herbal formulations, such as curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol, can serve as an anti-cancer agent through different mechanisms. However, these herbal products may be accompanied by some pharmacological limitations, such as poor bioavailability, instability, and weak water solubility. On the contrary, using nano-based material, e.g., nanoparticles (NPs), micelles, liposomes, can significantly solve these limitations. Therefore, in the present study, we will summarize the anti-cancer aspects of these herbal and-nano-based herbal formulations with a focus on their mechanisms against OCa. In. InQuerc protein . Regardil-2 axis . In thiser types ,85,86. Ts phenol . DR4 ands phenol ,88,89. Bpression . Howeverpression ,92,93. Ipression . Micellepression . The linpression . In the pression ,96. Anotpression . Liposompression . GeneralResveratrol (Res) is defined as a non-flavonoid polyphenol compound possessing stilbene structural components, which are extensively found in lilies, grapes, and other herbs [Res has been illustrated to have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, immunoregulatory, anti-virus, anti-microbial, neuroprotective, and anti-atherosclerosis influences [Res in different cancers, such as skin, ovarian, breast, colorectal, lung, and uterine cancer [Res, for example, inflammation suppression through NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition, cyclooxygenase (COX) curbing, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) induction, and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) stimulation, which inhibits NF-\u0138B pathway [Res curbs growth and stimulates cell death through apoptosome complex formation, caspase activation, and mitochondrial secretion of cytochrome c [Res suppressed glucose metabolism in OCa cells [Res against OCa through AMPK activation, downregulation of the protein cyclin D1, EMT inhibition [Res\u2014(Zinc oxide) ZnO nanohybrid against OCa cell lines and demonstrated that this nanoformulation exerts anti-cancer effects by the generation of ROS [er herbs . Res hasfluences ,98,99. Se cancer ,104,105. pathway ,107,108.chrome c . In the Ca cells . It seemCa cells . AnotherCa cells . Some othibition ,114,115.hibition ,117,118.hibition . In thisn of ROS . ZnO NPsn of ROS . An in vn of ROS . BSA (bon of ROS . In summRecently, herbal remedy using some popular herbal spices, including CUR, Que, and Res has acquired much attention in the treatment of OCa, as one of the common gynecologic cancers, through different mechanisms. For example, CUR through suppression of EMT, angiogenesis, and STAT3 and NF-\u0138B signaling, modulation of the expression of tumor-related-ncRNA, apoptosis stimulation, AMPK activation, inhibition of STAT3 and NF-\u0138B signaling, and induction of autophagy can affect OCa. Que decreases the expression of survivin protein, induces the expression DR5 and ATM phosphorylation, and increases p53 protein expression. Res through mitochondrial secretion of cytochrome c, inhibition of glucose metabolism and STAT3, Notch, and Wnt signaling, and downregulation of the protein cyclin D1 can fight against OCa. However, these herbal products can have some negative aspects in terms of pharmacology, such as instability, poor bioavailability, and poor water solubility. Based on the evidence, using nano-based formulations from these herbal therapeutic candidates, for instance, gemini, ZnO nanohybrids, PEGylated liposome, NPs, micelles, niosome, not only can overcome these obstacles but also can improve the therapeutic potential of herbal medicine against OCa. However, more and larger researches are needed to show their therapeutic effects and mechanisms."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Neurol 21, 308 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02340-3Following publication of the original article , the autCheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China\u201d, it should be \u201cDepartment of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China\u201d.Affiliation 1: Instead of \u201cDepartment of Emergency, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China\u201d, it should be \u201cDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China\u201d.Affiliation 4: Instead of \u201cDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China\u201d, it should be \u201cDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China\u201d.Affiliation 5: Instead of \u201cDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The authors apologize for these errors and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.The original article  has been"}
+{"text": "Aging Cell, 20, e13500. https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13500Archana Unnikrishnan, Stephanie Matyi, Karla Garret, Michelle Ranjo\u2010Bishop, David B. Allison, Keisuke Ejima, Xiwei Chen, Stephanie Dickinson and Arlan Richardson, In the published version of Unnikrishnan et al. , the autThe authors apologize for this error."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Ophthalmol 21, 414 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-02175-zFollowing the publication of the original article , we wereOriginally published names: Zheng Ying, Casagrande Maria, Dimopoulos Spyridon, Bartz Schmidt Karl Ulrich, Spitzer Matin Stephan and Skevas Christos.Corrected names: Ying Zheng, Maria Casagrande, Spyridon Dimopoulos, Karl Ulrich Bartz Schmidt, Martin Stephan Spitzer and Christos Skevas.Also, Spitzer Martin Stephan was originally spelled as Spitzer Matin Stephan.The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Regdanvimab is a monoclonal antibody with activity against SARS-CoV-2. A Phase 2/3 study with two parts is currently ongoing and data up to Day 28 of Part 1 is available while the data from 1315 patients enrolled in Part 2 are expected in June 2021.This phase 2/3, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, double-blind study with 2 parts is aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of regdanvimab in outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19, not requiring supplemental oxygen therapy. Patients aged >18 with the onset of symptoms within 7 days were eligible to be enrolled.In Part 1, 307 patients  were confirmed to have COIVD-19 by RT-qPCR at Day 1 (or Day 2). Regdanvimab significantly reduced the proportion of patients who required hospitalization or supplemental oxygen therapy compared to placebo (8.7% in the placebo vs. 4.0% in the regdanvimab 40 mg/kg). The difference in events rate was even larger in patients who met the high-risk criteria and confirmed a 66.1% reduction in patients receiving regdanvimab 40 mg/kg (Table 1). The median time to clinical recovery was shortened by 2.9 days . Also, greater reductions from baseline viral load were shown in regdanvimab groups . The safety results confirmed that the regdanvimab was safe and well-tolerated. Occurrence of adverse events (Table 2) and results of other safety assessments were generally comparable among the 3 groups. The overall rate of infusion-related reaction was low and no serious adverse events or deaths were reported. The anti-drug antibody positive rate was low in the regdanvimab groups (1.4% in regdanvimab vs. 4.5% in placebo), and no antibody-dependent enhancement was reported.Results from the first part of the study indicate that regdanvimab may lower the rate of hospitalisation or requirement of oxygen supplementation, with the greatest benefit noted in patients at high-risk of progressing to severe COVID-19. The second part of the study remains ongoing and blinded. Therefore, results for the primary endpoint are forthcoming and will be presented at IDWeek.Michael G. Ison, MD, MS, Celltrion, Inc. (Consultant) Jin Yong Kim, MD, MPH, Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Oana Sandulescu, MD, PhD, Algernon Pharmaceuticals (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Atea Pharmaceuticals (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Diffusion Pharmaceuticals (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Liliana-Lucia Preotescu, MD, PhD, Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Norma Erendira Rivera Martinez, MD, Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Marta Dobryanska, MD, Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Victoria Birlutiu, Assoc. Prof. M.D. Ph.D., Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Romania & Hasso Plattner Foundation (Research Grant or Support) Egidia Gabriela Miftode, MD, PhD, Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Natalia Gaibu, MD, Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Olga Adriana Caliman-Sturdza, MD, PhD, Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania (Research Grant or Support) Simin-Aysel Florescu, MD, PhD, Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Anca Streinu-Cercel, MD, PhD, Assoc.Prof. Infectious diseases, Algernon Pharmaceuticals (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Atea Pharmaceuticals (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Celltrion, Inc. (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Diffusion Pharmaceuticals (Scientific Research Study Investigator)Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Sang Joon Lee, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Sung Hyun Kim, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Il Sung Chang, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Yun Ju Bae, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Jee Hye Suh, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Mi Rim Kim, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Da Re Chung, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Sun Jung Kim, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Seul Gi Lee, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Ga Hee Park, n/a, Celltrion, Inc. (Employee) Joong Sik Eom, MD, PhD, Celltrion, Inc. (Consultant)"}
+{"text": "Brain. 2021;144(3);e30. doi:10.1093/brain/awaa442Rauan Kaiyrzhanov, Saskia Wortmann, Taryn Reid, Mohammadreza Dehghani, Mohammad Yahya Vahidi Mehrjardi, Bader Alhaddad, Matias Wagner, Marcus Deschauer, Isabell Cordts, J. Pedro Fernandez-Murray, Veronika Treffer, Zahra Metanat, Alan Pittman, Henry Houlden, Thomas Meitinger, Christopher Carroll, Christopher R. McMaster, Reza Maroofian. Defective phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis leads to a broad ataxia-spasticity spectrum. The authors apologize for misspelling the last name of the author Alan Pittman. This has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Ophthalmol 21, 334 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-02095-yOriginally published names: Ivastinovic Domagoj, Haas Anton, Weger Martin, Seidel Gerald, Mayer-Xanthaki Christoph, Lindner Ewald, Guttmann Andreas and Wedrich AndreasCorrected names: Domagoj Ivastinovic, Anton Haas, Martin Weger, Gerald Seidel, Christoph Mayer-Xanthaki, Ewald Lindner, Andreas Guttmann and Andreas WedrichFollowing the publication of the original article , we wereThe original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The given names and family names of the authors were interchanged. The correct author names are Ruben M\u00fchl-Benninghaus, Toshiki Tomori, Stefanie Krajewski, Philipp Dietrich, Andreas Simgen, Umut Yilmaz, Christoph Brochhausen, Mara Kie\u00dfling, Wolfgang Reith, Giorgio Cattaneo. The original article was corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-86807-w, published online 31 March 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Satoru Takano, Kohei Yamaguchi, Kazuharu Nakagawa, Kanako Yoshimi, Ayako Nakane, Takuma Okumura & Haruka Tohara which were incorrectly given are S. Takano, Kohei Yamaguchi, K. Nakagawa, K. Yoshimi, A. Nakane, T. Okumura & H. Tohara respectively.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Arthritis Res Ther 23, 241 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-021-02621-9Following publication of the original article , the autIn the Authors information section, Holly Richendrfer who is not an author on the manuscript was removed. The corrected author information is listed below:Marwa Qadri, Pharm.D., Ph.D.: Assistant Professor of Pharmacology, Jazan University School of Pharmacy, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Gregory D. Jay, MD, Ph.D.: Professor, Emergency Medicine and Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.Ling Zhang, MD: Senior Research Assistant, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.Tannin A. Schmidt, Ph.D.: Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.Jennifer Totonchy, Ph.D.: Assistant Professor of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, USA.Khaled A. Elsaid, Pharm. D, Ph.D.: Associate Professor of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, USA."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95454-0, published online 17 August 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 8, which was incorrectly given as \u2018CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, MARBEC, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France\u2019.The correct affiliation is listed below.MARBEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, S\u00e8te, France.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The COVID-19 vaccine is considered to be the most promising approach to alleviate the pandemic. However, in recent surveys, acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine has been low. To design more effective outreach interventions, there is an urgent need to understand public perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines.Our objective was to analyze the potential of leveraging transfer learning to detect tweets containing opinions, attitudes, and behavioral intentions toward COVID-19 vaccines, and to explore temporal trends as well as automatically extract topics across a large number of tweets.P values from the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test were used to assess whether users\u2019 perceptions changed over time. The main topics in tweets were extracted by latent Dirichlet allocation analysis.We developed machine learning and transfer learning models to classify tweets, followed by temporal analysis and topic modeling on a dataset of COVID-19 vaccine\u2013related tweets posted from November 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021. We used the F1 values as the primary outcome to compare the performance of machine learning and transfer learning models. The statistical values and We collected 2,678,372 tweets related to COVID-19 vaccines from 841,978 unique users and annotated 5000 tweets. The F1 values of transfer learning models were 0.792 (95% CI 0.789-0.795), 0.578 (95% CI 0.572-0.584), and 0.614 (95% CI 0.606-0.622) for these three tasks, which significantly outperformed the machine learning models . The prevalence of tweets containing attitudes and behavioral intentions varied significantly over time. Specifically, tweets containing positive behavioral intentions increased significantly in December 2020. In addition, we selected tweets in the following categories: positive attitudes, negative attitudes, positive behavioral intentions, and negative behavioral intentions. We then identified 10 main topics and relevant terms for each category.Overall, we provided a method to automatically analyze the public understanding of COVID-19 vaccines from real-time data in social media, which can be used to tailor educational programs and other interventions to effectively promote the public acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected 219 countries and territories with 102,083,344 confirmed cases causing 2,209,195 deaths as of January 31, 2021, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) . HoweverVaccine hesitancy, defined as \u201ca behavior with delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite available services,\u201d was identified by the WHO as a global threat in 2019 . Unlike With the increased growth of internet-based applications, more people have begun sharing their opinions on social media platforms. In particular, during the current COVID-19 pandemic, people may increase their use of social media due to social distancing . Social Machine learning and deep learning techniques have been used as efficient methods to detect public perceptions on social media platforms. In health care, researchers have developed deep learning models to perform longitudinal and geographic analyses to understand human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine discussions . These mAlthough previous studies have explored additional knowledge in the context of other vaccines using machine learning and deep learning methods, several questions related to COVID-19 vaccines remain unknown: What is the prevalence of user opinions on a social media platform? How many tweets express positive/negative attitudes and behavioral intentions to take vaccines? Which topics are mostly associated with these contents? To answer these questions, we developed machine learning models  and transfer learning models to detect the content expressing user opinions, attitudes, and behavioral intentions toward COVID-19 vaccines. We then performed a temporal analysis to explore trends over time and developed probabilistic topic models to obtain the most important and valuable topics. We believe that this study will be of great benefit to the timely rollout of COVID-19 vaccines by extracting the latest public opinions, attitudes, and behavioral intentions that can help tailor promotion programs to fit different populations.We collected tweets related to COVID-19 vaccines posted from November 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021, and annotated 5000 tweets as the gold standard. We developed machine learning and transfer learning models to classify tweets for three tasks: (1) opinions ; (2) attitudes ; and (3) behavioral intentions . The above tasks all focused on COVID-19 vaccines. We then applied the models to predict unlabeled tweets and performed a temporal analysis to capture trends in the unlabeled tweets. In addition, we performed a topic analysis using word clouds and a latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model to further understand the content of tweets in the following categories: positive attitudes, negative attitudes, positive behavioral intentions, and negative behavioral intentions. The overall framework is shown in We used a combination of keywords and hashtags related to COVID-19 vaccines to collect tweets in English published from November 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021. We intentionally chose November, following the announcement of the first effective vaccine on November 9, 2020, to determine if the announcement of successful vaccine trial results might influence the perceptions of vaccines or vaccination. The search strategy employed the following search terms: \u201c(#covid OR covid OR #covid19 OR covid19) AND (#vaccine OR vaccine OR #vacine OR vacine OR vaccinate OR immunization OR immune OR vax) since:2020-11-01 until:2021-01-31 lang:en.\u201d We used snscrape and tweepy in Python 3 to collect data and to exclude retweets. To clean up the original tweets, we removed nonalphanumeric characters and converted the text to lowercase. We randomly selected 5000 tweets from November 1, 2020 to November 22, 2020, annotated by two independent reviewers (SL and JL) in batches of 200. Any annotation disagreements were discussed and adjudicated by the supervising investigators. For each tweet, we first labeled whether it included a user opinion toward the COVID-19 vaccines (yes or no). We considered a tweet to include an opinion about the COVID-19 vaccines if it met both of the following conditions: (1) targeted at the COVID-19 vaccines and (2) generated by a user. For the tweets that expressed user opinions toward the COVID-19 vaccines, we labeled the attitude  and the behavioral intention  toward COVID-19 vaccines. The attitude category used the traditional emotional polarity. The analysis of attitude was performed on the aspect level. If both positive and negative attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines were present in the same tweet, we labeled it in the unknown category. The coding rules were iteratively developed by our group in which an independent review was performed, disagreements were discussed, and coding rules were revised. This process continued until the interrater agreement reached \u22650.80. The annotated corpus was used as a gold standard to train and evaluate the machine learning and transfer learning models.For data preprocessing, we used the tweet-preprocessor package in Python 3 to remove URLs, hashtags, mentions, reserved words , emojis, smileys, and numbers in each tweet. We split the annotated dataset into three parts: training (60%), validation (20%), and testing (20%). The training and validation datasets were used to train models and select optimal hyperparameters through 5-fold cross-validation. We applied transfer learning using text frequency-inverse document frequency to compare traditional machine learning algorithms  to transfer learning models. The machine learning models were developed using the scikit-learn package in Python 3.For transfer learning, we used the BERT-base-cased as the pretrained language model and the \u201cBERT for sequence classification\u201d model as the pretrained classification model. Because the BERT model requires each sentence to be the same length, we padded each tweet with 64 tokens, as most tweets have lengths in this range. We then fine-tuned this model on the training and validation datasets using the Adam algorithm with weight decay (AdamW) as an optimizer. We performed three text classification tasks. We first developed a binary classifier to determine whether the tweets state an opinion related to the COVID-19 vaccines. We then developed two multiclass classifiers to categorize attitudes and behavioral intentions, respectively. The BERT models were generated using the huggingface package in Python 3. The models were developed with the Google Colab platform using a high-RAM GPU.We evaluated the models on the testing dataset and report outcomes with 1000 rounds of bootstrapping. The primary outcome was the macro-F1 value and the secondary outcomes were recall, precision, and accuracy. We performed the Nemenyi test to compare the F1 values of traditional machine learning models and transfer learning models . The modP<.05. The ADF test is a unit root test, which is commonly used to determine the stationarity of a time-series sample.We applied the optimal models to predict the unlabeled data for 3 months starting from November 1, 2020. For the task of extracting opinions, we calculated the proportion of tweets classified as containing opinions to the total number of tweets posted each day about the COVID-19 vaccines. For the tasks of classifying attitudes and behavioral intentions toward the COVID-19 vaccines, we calculated the percentage of tweets predicted to exhibit a particular attitude or behavioral intention to all tweets indicating attitudes or behavioral intentions, respectively. To assess the statistical significance of variability over time, we performed the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test  with a sTo understand the content of tweets in each category, we used word clouds to illustrate the frequency of words appearing in the content. The more frequently used words have larger sizes, indicating more importance in the category . FurtherWe annotated 5000 tweets from 4796 unique users with an average interrater reliability (\u03ba) of 0.76. The prediction performances of models on the testing dataset using four different algorithms for three tasks are presented in P<.001), indicating that the time-series data were stationary. This reflects that the prevalence of tweets expressing opinions did not change significantly over time. For tweets containing attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccines, the rate of negative attitudes was 0.754 (95% CI 0.707-0.795), while the rate of positive attitudes was only 0.246 (95% CI 0.204-0.293). The daily prevalence of attitudes was nonstationary , which indicated a significant change in users\u2019 attitudes toward vaccines over time. Among tweets related to behavioral intentions, the rate of tweets indicating that users will not get vaccinated was 0.342 (95% CI 0.229-0.461), whereas the rate of tweets indicating that users will get vaccinated was 0.652 (95% CI 0.539-0.771). The behavioral intention prevalence was also nonstationary , indicating that it varied significantly over time. Notably, we observed a substantial increase in the prevalence of tweets expressing positive behavioral intention starting from mid-December 2020.We collected 2,678,372 tweets related to COVID-19 vaccines posted by 841,978 unique users from November 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021. The daily prevalence distributions of opinions, attitudes, and behavioral intentions are shown in After tuning hyperparameters of the LDA models, each model had 10 components (topics). Negative attitudes1. worry, prevent, covid, stop, need, spread, symptom, transmission, catch, people, reduce, infection, virus, eat, doesn2. death, covid, case, people, rate, die, number, cause, population, test, trial, fear, report, survival, day3. risk, covid, test, people, health, worker, trial, know, need, woman, work, child, pregnant, safe, age4. effect, long, term, know, covid, bad, unknown, risk, affect, people, study, concern, damage, potential, impact5. covid, year, make, anti, month, mask, rush, people, want, safe, need, just, know, sense, wear6. covid, dose, use, virus, immune, antibody, body, immunity, trial, second, make, protein, cell, test, response7. virus, new, covid, strain, effective, work, mutate, year, develop, mutation, research, cold, variant, different, make8. covid, people, just, say, think, make, know, trust, want, cure, government, believe, thing, come9. covid, die, people, life, chance, treatment, old, kill, effective, want, say, sick, save, safe, family10. flu, covid, reaction, shot, drug, adverse, expect, people, shoot, allergic, just, high, bad, year, polioPositive attitudes1. covid, thank, work, great, today, day, make, worker, scientist, happy, mom, care, just, hard, nurse2. covid, feel, effect, day, long, arm, just, little, work, fine, hour, term, good, excited, sore3. safe, stay, end, covid, news, pandemic, effective, trial, good, amp, light, continue, home, hope, step4. covid, hope, soon, look, forward, normal, life, hopefully, come, available, new, world, news, return, year5. covid, good, year, just, time, wait, thing, hope, think, come, pray, love, wish, news, day6. people, covid, want, need, know, die, risk, just, really, say, think, make, life, safe, fear7. covid, dose, receive, today, grateful, second, family, feel, patient, able, thankful, protect, friend, happy, excited8. flu, virus, covid, make, immune, fight, sure, body, new, immunity, just, strain, world, distribute, cause9. mask, wear, covid, stop, social, spread, distancing, hand, catch, need, distance, people, virus, stay, help10. covid, vaccinate, amp, case, symptom, prevent, ready, immunity, just, mean, virus, reduce, life, rate, infectionNegative behavioral intentions1. covid, virus, stop, prevent, symptom, test, dose, immune, spread, mask, antibody, sick, just, catch, body2. covid, flu, shot, shit, shoot, just, allow, work, win, scare, dead, year, virus, arm, sure3. risk, covid, say, immune, make, high, virus, people, disease, just, healthy, sense, dangerous, case, good4. want, covid, vaccinate, child, use, kill, kid, new, wait, way, cure, effective, doctor, just, people5. covid, body, rate, vaccination, survival, choice, eat, mandatory, know, worry, life, fear, want, hear, need6. covid, anti, just, tell, say, refuse, vaxxer, afraid, reason, people, stop, right, make, job, stupid7. covid, year, trust, chance, inject, month, government, test, old, develop, cold, make, research, come8. effect, know, long, term, covid, dna, affect, change, people, bad, rush, chance, unknown, study, test9. people, covid, die, need, think, just, kill, family, care, damn, believe, say, real, death, chance10. covid, force, try, reaction, people, bad, severe, look, allergic, medical, receive, say, fine, payPositive behavioral intentions1. covid, people, want, just, think, say, know, mask, wear, make, really, ask, scare, right2. covid, want, need, look, tomorrow, let, know, life, forward, ready, dose, morning, normal, receive, volunteer3. covid, wait, long, turn, effect, line, term, finally, eat, excited, worried, afraid, use, drink, polio4. just, dose, covid, second, got, day, effect, symptom, receive, fever, ache, hour, experience, headache, body5. flu, covid, shot, year, time, bad, shoot, sick, immune, just, need, month, make, think, doctor6. covid, arm, sore, sign, just, feel, today, hour, little, hurt, yesterday, injection, far, nervous, appointment7. work, covid, home, thank, stay, patient, hospital, help, safe, care, protect, family, trial, receive, vaccinate8. covid, risk, immune, die, people, virus, chance, high, know, need, vaccinate, healthy, live, just, catch9. covid, today, hope, mom, test, dose, happy, able, soon, dad, positive, receive, good, grateful10. feel, covid, day, week, fine, great, make, shit, ago, better, worker, body, job, good, healthcareTen topics were extracted among the tweets that contained negative attitudes. The interactive display interface of pyLDAvis is shown in For tweets containing positive attitudes, in a dominant topic (topic 3), relevant key terms included \u201csafe,\u201d \u201cstay,\u201d \u201cend,\u201d pandemic,\u201d \u201cnews,\u201d \u201ceffective,\u201d \u201ctrial,\u201d \u201ccontinue,\u201d and \u201chope.\u201d This indicates that some positive attitudes might be derived from news of effective trial results and some users hoped that COVID-19 vaccines could end the pandemic. Relevant terms for topic 4 were \u201chope,\u201d \u201cnormal,\u201d \u201clife,\u201d \u201creturn,\u201d \u201cstart,\u201d \u201cnew,\u201d \u201cworld,\u201d and \u201cgreat.\u201d Tweets in topic 4 showed that some users expressed positive attitudes toward vaccines because of the desire to return to a normal life.For tweets containing negative behavioral intentions, topics 8 and 10 clustered independently; however, other topics showed some degree of mutual inclusiveness, indicating that similarities existed in those topics. Key terms for topic 8 were \u201ceffect,\u201d \u201cknow,\u201d \u201clong,\u201d \u201cterm,\u201d \u201cDNA,\u201d \u201cunknown,\u201d and \u201crush.\u201d This topic reflected that some users\u2019 negative behavioral intentions came from the concerns of the long-term and unknown side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. As another unique topic, the most relevant terms for topic 10 were \u201cforce,\u201d \u201creaction,\u201d \u201cbad,\u201d \u201callergic,\u201d \u201cpay,\u201d \u201cadverse,\u201d and \u201cgovernment.\u201d This analysis highlighted that some users mentioned that they would not take the vaccine if it was forced on them by the government. Others worried about the adverse reactions to the COVID-19 vaccines. Some users compared COVID-19 to influenza and mentioned that because they had not previously been vaccinated against influenza, there was also no need to vaccinate against a disease they mistakenly thought had the same low lethality (topic 2). Other users reported that their immune system could naturally help them fight the virus.For tweets containing positive behavioral intentions, mutual inclusivity existed among topics 1-4 and between topics 9 and 10. Other topics clustered independently. In topic 8, the keywords were \u201crisk,\u201d \u201cimmune,\u201d \u201chealthy,\u201d \u201cantibody,\u201d and \u201cimmunity.\u201d In this topic, users would like to become immune to the virus causing COVID-19 and stay healthy by being vaccinated.In this study, we provided an annotated dataset with 5000 COVID-19 vaccine\u2013related tweets with labels supporting three classification tasks . We assessed that transfer learning could be used to analyze COVID-19 vaccine content tweets and proved that they outperformed common machine learning models. We analyzed the temporal trends and topics in the COVID-19 vaccine\u2013related tweets posted over a 3-month period . The prevalence of tweets containing positive behavioral intentions increased over time. The word clouds and the LDA analysis proved to be efficient tools to understand topics for tweets in each category.Transfer learning is now widely used to analyze social media content. Some researchers have applied transfer learning with datasets of tweets related to COVID-19 -38 ratheSeveral researchers have applied the Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner (VADER) tool ,40, machTemporal analysis and topic modeling provide an efficient approach to monitor public perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccines on social media platforms. The following events could explain the significant increase in the prevalence of positive behavioral intentions in mid-December. For example, the FDA issued Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines on December 11, 2020, turning the vaccines from a hypothetical situation into a reality. The United States launched its rollout to high-risk health care facilities on December 14, 2020. A large number of health care workers and influential figures such as Joe Biden received COVID-19 vaccines to increase public confidence. This also suggests that more people might be willing to be vaccinated after successful vaccine development and a large-scale rollout. Indeed, social influence has been shown to positively affect the acceptance rate . At the This study has several limitations. First, users of the Twitter platform are not representative of the entire public. The Twitter platform is usually considered to gather more antivaccinators and spread misinformation. This group of users is the main subgroup of the population with sentiments of vaccine hesitancy and should therefore be one of the main targets to receive vaccine education. Compared to other populations, they tend to question vaccines from specific perspectives such as the presence of microchips in vaccines  and the For future work, we will perform a theory-based content analysis to gain insight into the reasons that led to the changes in behavioral intentions we noted in the temporal analysis. Using the transfer learning model in this study, researchers can automatically collect tweets containing COVID-19 vaccine\u2013related behavioral intentions and systematically analyze the data through a theoretical model  to pIn this study, we presented an annotated corpus of 5000 tweets and analyzed the potential to use transfer learning with a pretrained BERT model to automatically identify public opinions, behavioral intentions, and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines from social media. We demonstrated that transfer learning models outperformed traditional machine learning models in general. In addition, we explored the temporal trends of the public\u2019s change in attitudes and behavioral intentions on a larger dataset with 2,678,372 tweets from November 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021. We found that the LDA technique is useful to extract topics from identified tweets. Overall, we provided an automatic method to analyze the public\u2019s understanding of COVID-19 vaccines from real-time data, which could be used to tailor education programs and other interventions to promote COVID-19 vaccine acceptance urgently."}
+{"text": "Simon Harvey, Stephen Malone, Hongdo Do, Wirginia Maixner, Amy Schneider, Bernadette Nolan, Martin Wood, Wei Shern Lee, Greta Gillies, Kate Pope, Michael Wilson, Paul J Lockhart, Alexander Dobrovic, Ingrid E Scheffer, Melanie Bahlo, Richard J Leventer, Ryan Lister, Samuel F Berkovic, Michael S Hildebrand. Cerebrospinal fluid liquid biopsy for detecting somatic mosaicism in brain. Brain Communications 2021. doi:In the originally published version of this manuscript, there was an error in the spelling of Co-author A. Simon Harvey\u2019s name. The full name should read: \u201cA. Simon Harvey\u201d instead of \u201cAnthony Simon Harvey\u201d. This has now been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Mol Biomed 1, 6 (2020)https://doi.org/10.1186/s43556-020-00007-yIn article , the autCompeting interestsYW, HY and DG have patent 10669252 . YW, HY, HL, SZ, YZ, PZ, XL, XS, LW, GF, YG, PW and DG are the employees of Shanghai Denovo Pharmatech Co., Ltd.. This work was supported by Shanghai Denovo Pharmatech Co., Ltd.."}
+{"text": "For the authors Ladan Khodaparast, Laleh Khodaparast, Bert Houben, Frederic Rousseau, and Joost Schymkowitz, the affiliation \u201cVIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium\u201d should be included as shown above.Volume 12, no. 4, e01129-21, 2021,"}
+{"text": "Details of new titles for systematic reviews or evidence and gap maps that have been accepted by the Editor of a Campbell Coordinating Group are published in each issue of the journal. If you would like to receive a copy of the approved title registration form, please send an email to the Managing Editor of the relevant Coordinating Group.Interventions that address domestic abuse for mothers in or exiting prison: A systematic reviewMichaela Rogers, Kelly Lockwood, Elizabeth SpeakeCJCG28 August 2021Policing interventions to engage with immigrant communities: A systematic reviewMichelle Sydes, Angela Higginson, Lorelei Hine, Lorraine Mazerolle14 October 2021Instruments for the evaluation of emotional intelligence in persons with hearing impairments: A scoping reviewPetra Potmesilova, Milon Potmesil, Jana Mareckova5 August 2021The role of school\u2010work experience programmes in promoting career orientation in high school students: A systematic reviewDonatella Poliandri, Mauro Palumbo, Antonio Fasanella, Alessandra Decataldo, Rita Marzoli, Sebastiano Benasso, Maria Dentale, Maria Paola Faggiano, Ughetta Favazzi, Brunella Fiore, Paola Giannoni, Grazia Graziosi, Monica Guerra, Veronica Lo Presti, Lorenzo Mancini, Beba Molinari, Enrico Nerli\u2010Ballati, Noemi Novello, Valentina Pacetti, Valeria Pandolfini, Fiorenzo Parziale, Stefania Sette, Claudio Torrigiani24 August 2021How does education affect health: A systematic reviewFatima Zahra, Nicole Haberland, Lauren Woyczynski, Stephanie Psaki19 March 2021Barriers and facilitators to enhancing access to business information through uptake of ICTs by women owning enterprises in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries: A qualitative synthesisRuth Nsibirano, Alison Annet Kinengyere, Agatha Kisa, Consolata Kabonesa, Howard White30 April 2021Value chain interventions for improving women's economic empowerment: A mixed\u2010method systematic reviewSabina Singh, Suchi Malhotra, Ashrita Saran, Howard White, Ranjitha Puskur, Hugh Sharma Waddington, Edoardo Masset23 August 2021The impact of agricultural mechanisation on women's economic empowerment: A mixed\u2010methods systematic reviewEdoardo Masset, Monisha Narayan, Ashwani Verma, Ashrita Saran, Howard White, Ranjitha Puskur, Niyati Singaraju, Hugh Sharma Waddington23 August 2021Global elder abuse: A mega\u2010map of systematic reviews on prevalence, consequences, risk and protective factors and interventionsChristopher Mikton, Yongjie Yon, Marie Beaulieu; Kevin St\u2010Martin, Julien Cadieux Genesse, Jennifer Storey, Fiona Campbell, Michaela Rogers, Amanda Phelan, Mark Byrne, Parveen Ali, David Burnes, Bridget Penhale, Tova Band\u2010Winterstein, Mark Lachs, Karl Pillemer, Lilly Estenson, Kelly Marnfelt30 June 2021Indigenous people's experiences and related processes that support healing and recovery from child sexual abuse: A systematic mapping literature review and evidence gap mapGraham Gee, Jordan Gibbs, Stephanie Brown, Helen Milroy6 August 2021Child and adolescent mental health and psychosocial support interventions: An evidence and gap map of low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countriesManasi Sharma, Camila Perera, Alessandra Ipince, Shivit Bakrania, Farhad Shokraneh, Priscilla Idele, David Anthony, Prerna Banati19 August 2021Group\u2010based interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of the role of trauma typeSiobh\u00e1n M. Griffin, Elayne Ahern, Daragh Bradshaw, Orla T. Muldoon, Alastair Nightingale, Grace McMahon, Islam Bornica21 August 2021Informal social support interventions for improving outcomes for victim\u2010survivors of domestic violence and abuse: An evidence gap mapKaren Schucan Bird, Kate Hinds, Nicola Stokes, Carol Rivas, Martha Tomlinson9 September 2021"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-03695-w, published online 17 December 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 1, which was incorrectly given as \u2018Department of Entomology, Purdue University, Tucson, AZ, 47907, USA\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below:Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Bacillus sp. strain GG161 and Rhodococcus sp. strain GG48 and the Gram-negative Achromobacter sp. strain GG226 and Shigella sp. strain GCP5 were all isolated from the gut of the optionally intestine-breathing freshwater fish Lepidocephalichthys guntea.We report the draft genome sequences of four bacterial strains  belonging to four different genera. The Gram-positive  Lepidocephalichthys guntea    , which cn, 1822)  due to in, 1822) . Live fin, 1822) , and disn, 1822) , and inc(CPCSEA)  through Genomic DNA of the isolates was extracted using the PureLink genomic DNA isolation kit  and quantified using a SPECTROstar Nano microplate reader  . GenomicShigella sp. strain GCP5 included genes for resistance against fluoroquinolones, macrolides, cephalosporins, cephamycins, penems, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, glycylcyclines, peptide antibiotics, aminocoumarins, rifamycins, phenicols, triclosan, monobactams, benzalkonium chloride, and rhodamine. As revealed by RAST . All relevant accession numbers are given in"}
+{"text": "Below is a list of all titles for systematic reviews or evidence and gap maps that have been accepted by the Editor of a Campbell Coordinating Group. When titles progress to protocol stage, the protocol is published in the Campbell Systematic Reviews journal.The details of new titles are published in each issue of the journal and added to this page at the same time.If you would like to receive a copy of the approved title registration form, please send an email to the Managing Editor of the relevant Coordinating Group.1Predictors of virtual team outcomes, Iulia Cioca, Oana Fodor, Shannon Marlow, 13 February 2019.Multisource feedback and work performance, Emilia Wietrak, Iulia Cioca and Jonny Gifford, 13 February 2019.2Police programs that seek to increase community connectedness for reducing violent extremism behaviour, attitudes, and beliefs, Lorraine Mazerolle, Adrian Cherney, Elizabeth Eggins, Angela Higginson, Lorelei Hine, Emma Belton, 05 March 2019.Multiagency programs with police as a partner for reducing radicalisation to violence, Lorraine Mazerolle, Adrian Cherney, Elizabeth Eggins, Angela Higginson, Lorelei Hine, Emma Belton, 10 April 2019.Effects of opioid\u2010specific medication assisted therapies on criminal justice and overdose outcomes, Catherine Strange, Sarah M. Manchak, Cory Haberman, Jordan M. Hyatt, Alisha Desai, 21 May 2019.3Effectiveness of interventions for improving livelihood outcomes for people with disabilities in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries, Hannah Kuper, Ashrita Saran, Lena Morgon Banks, Howard White, 12 March 2019.Social interventions to improve well\u2010being of people with mental disorders: global evidence and gap map, Sherize Merlin Dsouza, Jisha B. Krishnan, Ann Mary Sebastian, Ashrita Saran, 13 March 2019.Nutrition status and its relationship with health status in individuals with spinal cord injury, Jia Li, Devin Drummer, Thomas Hoover, Christian Sidebottom, Rachel Cowan, John\u2010Paul Tortorich, Cindy Cai, Elizabeth Scalia, Ceren Yarar\u2010Fisher, 29 March 2019.What is the relationship between back shape/posture, balance, falling, and fear of falling in older adults with hyperkyphosis?, Roongtip Duangkaew, Josette Bettany\u2010Saltikov, Paul van\u2010Schaik, Gok Kandasamy, Julie Hogg, 20 March 2019.Exercise interventions to improve back shape/posture, balance, falls and fear of falling in older adults with hyperkyphosis, Roongtip Duangkaew, Josette Bettany\u2010Saltikov, Paul van\u2010Schaik, Gok Kandasamy, Julie Hogg, 20 March 2019.4The effectiveness of homework in primary school, Jennifer Hanratty, Sarah Miller, Aoibheann Brennan\u2010Wilson, Maria Cockerill, Jenny Davison, Jennifer Roberts, Karen Winter, 13 February 2019.School\u2010based reading interventions for improving reading skills and educational outcomes on primary school students in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries, Qiufeng Gao, Huan Wang, Scott Rozelle, Yaojiang Shi, Jason Li, Lifang Zhang, Wei Nie, 11 March 2019.5Effectiveness of transport sector interventions in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries: an evidence and gap map, Denny John, Howard White, Nina Bl\u00f6ndal, 26 February 2019.6Systematic review of methods of reducing risk of bias in the evaluation of knowledge translation strategies for evidence\u2010informed health policymaking, Ayat Ahmadi, BaharehYazdizadeh, Leila Doshmangir, Reza Majdzadeh, ShabnamAsghari, 25 February 2019.7The methodological and reporting characteristics of economic methods and outcomes in Campbell reviews, Denny John, Pauline Sobiesuo, Devarshi Bhattacharyya, Luke Vale, 05 April 2019.8Effectiveness of adult day care centres for improving quality of life in older adults in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries, Saritha Susan Vargese, Nisha Kurian, Elsheba Mathew, Daies Idiculla, Geethu Mathew, Sunu Alice Cherian, Denny John, 22 January 2019.Book reading for promoting physical and mental health in older adults, Jorien Laermans, Hans Scheers, Philippe Vandekerckhove, Emmy De Buck, 22 January 2019.Friendly visiting by a volunteer for reducing loneliness and social isolation, and improving wellbeing in older adults, Jorien Laermans, Hans Scheers, Philippe Vandekerckhove, Emmy De Buck, 22 January 2019.Interventions for reducing violence against children in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries: an evidence and gap map, Prachi Pundir, Ashrita Saran, Howard White, Jill Adona, Ramya Subrahmanian, 04 February 2019.Institutional responses to child maltreatment: an evidence and gap map, Bianca Albers, Caroline Fiennes, Aron Shlonsky, Ludvig Bj\u00f8rndal, James Hennessy, Joachim Krapels, Robyn Mildon, 14 February 2019.Improving access to health and social services for individuals experiencing, or at risk of experiencing, homelessness, Sarah Miller, Ciara Keenan, Jennifer Hanratty, 21 February 2019.Discharge programmes for individuals experiencing, or at risk of experiencing, homelessness, Jennifer Hanratty, Sarah Miller, Ciara Keenan, 21 February 2019.Accommodation\u2010based interventions for individuals experiencing, or at risk of experiencing, homelessness: a network meta\u2010analysis, Ciara Keenan, Sarah Miller, Jennifer Hanratty, 21 February 2019.The effectiveness of supported employment for young adults with severe mental illness in improving work outcomes, Yue Bai, Zhaowen Cheng, Wei Bian, Zhenggang Bai, Jia Li, Iris Chi, 28 February 2019.Interventions for adults exposed to war and armed conflict: an evidence and gap map, Anne Farina, Brandy R. Maynard, 14 March 2019.The effectiveness of social protection interventions in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries: an evidence and gap map, Latha T, Zinnia Sharma, Linu A John, Ashrita Saran, 19 March 2019.Examining the best time of day for exercise, Meixuan Li, Xiaoqin Wang, Liang Yao, Huijuan Li, Liujiao Cao, Peijing Yan, Xiuxia Li, Kehu Yang, 03 May 2019.Effectiveness of road safety interventions: an evidence and gap map, Dinesh Mohan, Geetam Tiwari, Mathew Varghese, Kavi Bhalla, Denny John, Ashrita Saran, Howard White, 09 May 2019."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Trials 22, 86 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05035-9Following the publication of the original article , we wereTheir affiliation was initially mentioned as: \u201cPartnership for Research on Ebola Virus in Liberia (PREVAIL), Monrovia, Liberia\u201dHowever, their correct affiliation is: Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CHU Bordeaux, CIC 1401, EUCLID/F-CRIN Clinical Trials Platform, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.tp"}
+{"text": "Leukemia 10.1038/s41375-020-0976-9Correction to: The article Bortezomib-based induction, high-dose melphalan and lenalidomide maintenance in myeloma up to 70 years of age, written by Elias K. Mai, Kaya Miah, Uta Bertsch, Jan D\u00fcrig, Christof Scheid, Katja C. Weisel, Christina Kunz, Markus Munder, Hans-Walter Lindemann, Maximilian Merz, Dirk Hose, Anna Jauch, Anja Seckinger, Steffen Luntz, Sandra Sauer, Stephan Fuhrmann, Peter Brossart, Ahmet Elmaagacli, Martin Goerner, Helga Bernhard, Martin Hoffmann, Marc S. Raab, Igor W. Blau, Mathias H\u00e4nel, Axel Benner, Hans J. Salwender, and Hartmut Goldschmidt for the German-speaking Myeloma Multicenter Group (GMMG), was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume 35, pages 809\u2013822, the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution."}
+{"text": "Forensic Sciences Research (FSR) wish to thank the following people, and any other reviewer whose name has been inadvertently omitted, for giving your time and expertise to review papers and facilitate the smooth running of FSR between November 2020 and October 2021.The Editors of the NigeriaAugustine Kolapo Ademola, SpainMiriam Baeta, USAEric J. Bartelink, DenmarkSusanne Bengtson, AustraliaJohn William Berketa, USACarol Berkowitz, ItalyCarla Bini, ItalyAlessandro Bonsignore, USANathan W. Bower, USAMichael P. Caligiuri, UKAlessandra Caso, ItalyValerio Causin, Czech RepublicMark\u00e9ta \u010cechov\u00e1, ChinaXiaohong Chen, CanadaDerek Congram, PortugalDiana Dias da Silva, AustraliaShanlin Fu, IndiaBinita Gandhi, ChinaYuzhen Gao, SwitzerlandDominic Gascho, USALorenzo Gitto, Tony Godet, SwitzerlandAustraliaMichael S. Gordon, ChinaFei Guo, MalaysiaRafizah Mohd Hanifa, USABryan T. Johnson, USAKaveh Jorabchi, USAKelly Kamnikar, PakistanShakeel Kazmi, AustraliaMichael Kennedy, MalawiLay See Khoo, SwedenArdavan Khoshnood, IndiaRaj Kumar, ChinaZhengdong Li, ChinaShiquan Liu, ChinaNingguo Liu, UKHelen M. Liversidge, SpainJoaquin Lucena, ChinaYehui Lvy, ChinaDong Ma, Portugal\u00c1urea Madureira-Carvalho, BrazilEdgard Michel-Crosato, SpainRuben Miranda, USAMolly Miranker, USALinton A. Mohammed, PortugalDavid Senhora Navega, AustraliaZuzana Obertov\u00e1, PortugalJos\u00e9 Restolho, BrazilRachel Lima Ribeiro Tinoco, AfricaServaas Rossouw South, RomaniaCalin Scripcaru, PakistanMuhammad Shahzad, ChinaYu Shao, SpainM. Paz Suarez-Mier, ChinaQiran Sun, USASusan Vanderplas, ColombiaMilena V\u00e1squez-Am\u00e9zquita, ChinaFang Wang, ChinaQi Wang, ChinaZheng Wang, AustraliaLinzi Wilson-Wilde, ChinaHui Yan, ChinaShaohua Yi, TunisiaRabaa Zaibi, USAMaoxiu Zhang, ChinaCuiling Zhang, ChinaQinting Zhang, ChinaSuhua Zhang, ChinaXinqing Zhang,"}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Plant Biol 21, 206 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-02978-83Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crop Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Taiyuan, 030031, Shanxi, ChinaFollowing publication of the original article , the aut4Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030031, Shanxi, ChinaThe original article has been corrected.Mingchuan Ma and Longlong Liu are affiliated to:"}
+{"text": "Scientific Data 10.1038/s41597-021-01045-z, published online 15 October 2021Correction to: In this article the affiliation details for Dongdong Xu, Ruiyi Chen, Hongbin Song, Lu Tian, Peng Tan, Ligai Wang, Qihui Zhu were incorrectly given as \u2018Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 310021, Hangzhou, China\u2019 but should have been \u2018Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, 316100, Zhoushan, China\u2019. The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "A tool that analyzes the genome of parasites found in the blood of malaria patients can help inform policy decisions on how best to tackle the rise in drug-resistant infections. Related research article Jacob CG, Thuy-Nhien N, Mayxay M, Maude RJ, Quang HH, Hongvanthong B, Vanisaveth V, Ngo Duc T, Rekol H, van der Pluijm R, von Seidlein L, Fairhurst R, Nosten F, Hossain MA, Park N, Goodwin S, Ringwald P, Chindavongsa K, Newton P, Ashley E, Phalivong S, Maude R, Leang R, Huch C, Dong LT, Nguyen KT, Nhat TM, Hien TT, Nguyen H, Zdrojewski N, Canavati S, Sayeed AA, Uddin D, Buckee C, Fanello CI, Onyamboko M, Peto T, Tripura R, Amaratunga C, Myint Thu A, Delmas G, Landier J, Parker DM, Chau NH, Lek D, Suon S, Callery J, Jittamala P, Hanboonkunupakarn B, Pukrittayakamee S, Phyo AP, Smithuis F, Lin K, Thant M, Hlaing TM, Satpathi P, Satpathi S, Behera PK, Tripura A, Baidya S, Valecha N, Anvikar AR, Ul Islam A, Faiz A, Kunasol C, Drury E, Kekre M, Ali M, Love K, Rajatileka S, Jeffreys AE, Rowlands K, Hubbart CS, Dhorda M, Vongpromek R, Kotanan N, Wongnak P, Almagro Garcia J, Pearson RD, Ariani CV, Chookajorn T, Malangone C, Nguyen T, Stalker J, Jeffery B, Keatley J, Johnson KJ, Muddyman D, Chan XHS, Sillitoe J, Amato R, Simpson V, Gon\u00e7alves S, Rockett K, Day NP, Dondorp AM, Kwiatkowski DP, Miotto O. 2021. Genetic surveillance in the Greater Mekong subregion and South Asia to support malaria control and elimination. eLife10:e62997. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62997Plasmodium falciparum parasites (which cause the most severe form of the disease) no longer respond to the most widely used antimalarial drugs . A cutting-edge sequencing technology was then applied to extract and amplify specific genes from the parasitic genome. Jacob et al. analyzed this genetic data for variants which are known to reduce parasites\u2019 susceptibility to the most widely used treatments, including artemisinin  provided concrete examples of how this information can be translated into policy decisions. For example, the database found that\u00a0parasites less susceptible to artemisinin and one of its partner drugs  had spread to southern provinces in Vietnam and Laos which were previously unaffected by these resistant strains. This led National Malaria Control Programs in these regions to reassess which frontline therapies to use and where to allocate resources to help combat the rise in drug resistance.Beyond providing actionable information on the spread of resistance, the approach could also shed light on the complexity of infection, revealing whether a patient was carrying different species or strains of parasites at the same time. It could also be used to infer where the strains detected originated, which could help to reconstruct how parasites resistant to multiple drugs spread to different regions.P. falciparum at the same time, which makes it difficult to apply the method across many variant genes and classify the resistance profile. Nevertheless, the work by Jacob et al. demonstrates how genetic data can be a tremendously practical tool that can help policy makers rapidly adapt their treatment strategies in response to rising levels of drug resistance.Although this platform could rapidly become\u00a0an essential,\u00a0complementary strategy\u00a0for eliminating malaria, additional work is needed to overcome some drawbacks. First, the changes in drug susceptibility caused by the genetic variants is not directly tested, but assumed on the basis of earlier research . Second,"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86914-8, published online 01 April 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 1, which was incorrectly given as \u201cEye School of Chengdu, University of T.C.M., 37 Shi Er Qiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610036, China.\u201d The correct affiliation is listed below:, 37 Shi Er Qiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610036, China.Eye School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and Panax ginseng. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Results: This review includes data from 259 articles. The phytochemicals isolated from Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and Panax ginseng were described and classified in several categories. Conclusions: Plant species have always played an important role in drug discovery because their effectiveness is based on the hundreds of years of experience with folk medicine in different nations. In our view, there is great potential in the near future for some of the phytochemicals found in these plants species to become pharmaceutical agents.Background: In the 1960s, research into plant adaptogens began. Plants with adaptogenic properties have rich phytochemical compositions and have been used by humanity since ancient times. However, it is not still clear whether the adaptogenic properties are because of specific compounds or because of the whole plant extracts. The aim of this review is to compare the bioactive compounds in the different parts of these plants. Methods: The search strategy was based on studies related to the isolation of bioactive compounds from  The term adaptogen was introduced for the first time in the 1940s by Dr. Nikolai Lazarev ,3. ThesePanax ginseng C. A. Mey., Eleutherococcus senticosus Max. and Rhaponticum carthamoides (Wild.) Iljin from Araliaceae family, Rhodiola rosea L. from Crassulaceae family and Schisandra chinensis from Schisandraceae family are plants with adaptogenic properties  ether and tricin 4\u2032-O-(erythro-\u03b2-guaiacyl-glyceryl) ether [The main compounds isolated form this part of the plant are the macamides, imidazole alkaloids, pyrrole alkaloids, glucosinolates, flavolignans, polysaccharides, and others ,148,151.l) ether .Lepidium meyenii tuber contains sterols, glucosinolates, macamides, macaenes, alkamides, and others [Lepidium meyenii tuber [Lepidium meyenii are N-benzyl-9-oxo-12Z-octadecenamide, N-benzyl-9-oxo-12Z,15Z-octadecadienamide, N-benzyl-15Z-tetracosenamide, N-(m-methoxybenzyl) hexadecanamide and N-benzyl-13-oxo-9E,11E-octadecadienamide [The d others ,103,149.ii tuber . Benzylgii tuber ,143. TheN-benzylhexadecaanamide, N-benzyloctadecanamide, N-benzyl--octadecadienamide, N-benzyl--octadecatrienamide, and methoxy-N-benzyl--octadecatrienamide [The hypocotyls are rich in benzylamine, benzyl glucosinolates, and their derivates, alkaloids, macamides, sterols, and phenols ,147,150.ienamide ,115,147.ienamide  Sterols ienamide .Lepidium meyenii contains some essential nutrients, such as amino acids, fibers, fatty acids, lipids, proteins, and minerals [Lepidium meyenii are described in minerals ,22. Becaminerals ,111,153.minerals ,155,156.minerals . Super fminerals . The intminerals . The mosLepidium meyenii\u2019s roots/tuber and its hypocotyls are: proteins, oil, amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals [The nutritional ingredients isolated from minerals ,30,114. minerals ,30, and minerals . The conminerals . The essminerals ,30,155. minerals ,30,155. minerals ,30,155.Eleutherococcus senticosus  is a small, woody shrub, known also as \u201cSiberian ginseng\u201d, which naturally grows in East Russia, Korea, China, and Japan [nd Japan ,160. It nd Japan ,161.Eleutherococcus senticosus rhizome and radices are also considered especially valuable, and are included in the European and Russian pharmacopoeias [Nowadays, copoeias ,162.Eleutherococcus senticosus rhizome has a diameter of 4.0 cm with an irregular cylindrical shape. The bark thickness is 2 mm with a greyish brown to blackish-brown color. The roots can be up to 15 cm in length with a diameter of 0.3 to 1.5 cm [The knotty o 1.5 cm .Eleutherococcus senticosus extract is associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, adaptogenic, antidiabetic, and choleretic effects [Eleutherococus senticosus are immunoregulation, hepatoprotection, antiviral, and antibacterial effects [The intake of  effects ,164,165. effects ,164,165. effects ,167,168.Eleutherococcus senticosus roots are composed of phenylpropanoids, saponins, coumarins, lignans, polysaccharides, phenolic acids, and provitamins [The phytochemicals of vitamins ,165,169.vitamins . Eleuthevitamins ,172. Couvitamins ,125,173.vitamins .Eleutherococcus senticosus extract has the potential to improve oxygen consumption, mental health, lipid, and glycemic profile [Although all parts of this plant have rich phytochemical compositions, the roots are the most utilized. Roots are used in the form of liquid extracts, powders, etc. ,175. Acc profile ,176,177. profile ,178,179.Eleutherococcus senticosus with the greatest potential to become novel drug molecules are Eleutheroside B and Eleutheroside E.The molecules isolated from Studies investigating Eleutheroside B and Eleutheroside E activity in humans are limited. However, according to data obtained from animal studies, they have great potential to be used for the treatment of inflammation, cancer, osteoporosis, and diabetes ,183,184.Eleutherococcus senticosus.Eleutherococcus senticosus include eleutheroside A, eleutheroside B  ,195,196.Panax ginseng naturally grows in Korea and China [nd China ,198. Thend China . The wornd China .Panax ginseng seeds are obtained from plants no less than four years old. Panax ginseng roots may be white or pale yellow, and grow upright. There is one stout primary root and two or five rootlets and root hairs. The size and shape of the rootlets depends on water content, soil quality, weather, and other factors. Ginseng roots are considered most valuable between 4 and 6 years of age. Roots younger than 4 years are considered immature, and should not be used for medical purposes [It is a perennial, self-pollinating plant. It has one stalk and palmate leaves at its end. The flowering starts in its third-year growth stage. purposes .Panax ginseng radix is included in the European pharmacopoeia [acopoeia . Accordiacopoeia .Panax ginseng extract is associated with antitumor, anti-fatigue, antioxidative, immunostimulating, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, antimicrobial and neuroprotective activities. The extract is also used because of its adaptogenic properties, as an antioxidant and as an aphrodisiac [Nowadays, rodisiac ,201,202.rodisiac ,205,206.Panax ginseng are saponins, also known as ginsenosides [Panax ginseng [Panax ginseng, but also from all of Panax species, such as Panax quinquefolius L., Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen, Panax japonicas (T. Nees) C. A. Mey. and Panax zingiberensis C. Y. Wu and K. M. Feng [The main active ingredients in enosides . They inenosides ,207,208.enosides . Over 30enosides . It is c ginseng . Other w ginseng ,212. The ginseng . Ginseno M. Feng ,215,216.According to studies involving humans, ginsenosides may improve calmness, mental health, and the overall quality of life. Moreover, their intake is associated with antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic, and anti-fatigue effects ,219,220.Panax ginseng is a source of plenty of biological active compounds, the molecules with the greatest potential to become drug molecules are ginsenosides. According to data obtained from animal studies, ginsenosides have great potential to be used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, hepatic disorders and obesity [Although  obesity ,232,233. obesity ,236,237.Panax ginseng.Panax ginseng include ginsenoside Ra1, ginsenoside Ra2, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rb2, ginsenoside Rb3, ginsenoside Rc, ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rh, ginseoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rg2, ginsenoside Rg5, ginsenoside Rf, ginsenoside F2, ginsenoside Rk1, ginsenoside Rs4, and ginsenoside Rs6 [Panax ginseng roots [The main phytochemicals are ginsenosides and their isomers ,250,252.side Rs6 ,249,250.side Rs6 . Notoginng roots ,240,245.Panax ginseng may be used as melanogenic inhibitors [The main bioactive compounds are the ginsenosides ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Rh5, ginsenoside Rh6, ginsenoside Rh7, ginsenoside Rh8, ginsenoside Rh9, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rg7 ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside F1, ginsenoside F2, and ginsenoside F3 ,246. Thehibitors . The phyhibitors . The ginhibitors ,255.Bioactive compounds and their concentration isolated from plants are not constant. For example, the content of the phytochemicals varies in different parts of the species and also depends on many factors like soil, soil management, climate, and pollutants ,257,258.For that reason, it is very important the feature research about these plants to be focused mostly on their active molecules that to the whole extracts. However, comparison between the biological activity of the extracts and the active molecules would provide valuable data.Rhaponticum carthamoides is the only plant among these which has the greatest potential to be used as a remedy for improvement physical performance, because of potential ergogenic activity. Ecdysterone, which is one of its active compounds is in process of monitoring by WADA as a doping compound [Although the four plants have quite different phytochemical composition , the futcompound . Moreovecompound ,260.Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Panax ginseng/their active compounds, cell cultures research would be especially useful to give the right direction for future investigations.In term to establish the biological activity of Rhaponticum carthamoides, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and Panax ginseng. Later, Lepidium meyenii was also included in the plant adaptogens family.Plants have always played an important role in drug discovery, and their effectiveness is based on hundreds of years\u2019 experience in the folk medicines of different nations. In the 1960s, the first plants with adaptogenic activities were described: The main phytochemicals isolated from these plants are phytosteroids, phytosterols, alkaloids, and saponins. These biologically active compounds determine the therapeutic effects of plants not only as adaptogens, but also as antioxidants, hepatoprotectors, immunomodulators, hormone regulators, and others. Plants have always been an important source of past and novel drug molecules. In our view, there is great potential for some of the phytochemicals found in these plant species, such as ginsenosides, ecdysterone, macamides, macaenes, and eleutherosides to become novel drug molecules. However, their biological activity should be studied in more detail in cell cultures, in mammals, and in randomized clinical trials."}
+{"text": "European Journal of Public Health, 2021; https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab194In the originally published version of this manuscript, an author was erroneously omitted from the list of authors. The list should read: \u201cLorenzo Monasta, Gianfranco Alicandro, Maja Pasovic, Matthew Cunningham, Benedetta Armocida, Christopher J L Murray, Luca Ronfani, Mohsen Naghavi, GBD 2019 Italy Causes of Death Collaborators\u201d instead of \u201cLorenzo Monasta, Gianfranco Alicandro, Maja Pasovic, Matthew Cunningham, Benedetta Armocida, Luca Ronfani, Mohsen Naghavi, GBD 2019 Italy Causes of Death Collaborators\u201d. This error has been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-95735-8, published online 06 September 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the Affiliations.Maulin Raval was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Houston, Victoria, USA\u2019.In addition, Pavithra Sivashanmugam, Vu Pham and Yun Wan were incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Computer Science, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, USA\u2019.The correct affiliations are listed below:1. Applied Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, USA.Maulin Raval, Pavithra Sivashanmugam, Vu Pham, Hardik Gohel & Yun Wan.2. NanoBioTech Laboratory Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, USA.Ajeet Kaushik.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Unfortunately, some authors' first name and surname were incorrectly published in the original publication. The complete correct names of authors are given below.Riccardo Serra, Chiara Di Nicolantonio, Riccardo Di Febo, Franco De Crescenzo, Johan Vanderlinden, Elske Vrieze, Ronny Bruffaerts, Camillo Loriedo, Massimo Pasquini, Lorenzo Tarsitani.The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Unfortunately, in the articlePorphyridium sordidumCharacterization and potential antitumor effect of a heteropolysaccharide produced by the red alga By Biliana Nikolova, Severina Semkova, Iana Tsoneva, Georgi Antov, Juliana Ivanova, Ivanina Vasileva, Proletina Kardaleva, Ivanka Stoineva, Nelly Christova, Lilyana Nacheva and Lyudmila Kabaivanova,https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.201900019,the second affiliation of the author Georgi Antov was erroneously omitted. The correct affiliations for Prof. Dr. Antov are:1 Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria2 Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria"}
+{"text": "In \u201cQuantifying Online News Media Coverage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Text Mining Study and Resource\u201d :e28253), one error was noted.Due to a system error, the name of one author, Benjamin Gibert, was replaced with the name of another author on the paper, Seth Flaxman. In the originally published paper, the order of authors was listed as follows:Konrad Krawczyk, Tadeusz Chelkowski, Daniel J Laydon, Swapnil Mishra, Denise Xifara, Seth Flaxman, Seth Flaxman, Thomas Mellan, Veit Schw\u00e4mmle, Richard R\u00f6ttger, Johannes T Hadsund, Samir BhattThis has been corrected to:Konrad Krawczyk, Tadeusz Chelkowski, Daniel J Laydon, Swapnil Mishra, Denise Xifara, Benjamin Gibert, Seth Flaxman, Thomas Mellan, Veit Schw\u00e4mmle, Richard R\u00f6ttger, Johannes T Hadsund, Samir BhattIn the originally published paper, the ORCID of author Benjamin Gibert was incorrectly published as follows:0000-0002-2477-4217This has been corrected to:0000-0001-8457-3137The correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR Publications website on July 14, 2021, together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories."}
+{"text": "Following publication of the original article , the autThe incorrect author names: Micheloni Gian Mario, Tarallo Luigi, Negri Alberto, Giorgini Andrea, Merolla Giovanni and Porcellini Giuseppe.The correct author names: Gian Mario Micheloni, Luigi Tarallo, Alberto Negri, Andrea Giorgini, Giovanni Merolla, Giuseppe Porcellini.The author group has been updated above and the original article  has been"}
+{"text": "Embioptera from Brazil are described, diagnosed, and illustrated. For Anisembiidae: Chelicercaachilata Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov.; Saussurembiaborba Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov. For Archembiidae: Archembiaoruma Szumik, sp. nov.; Embolynthaoriximina Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov.; Pararhagadochirbonita Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov., Pararhagadochirmarielleae Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov.; Pararhagadochirpara Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov. For Clothodidae: Chromatoclothodalanga Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov. To clarify the higher classification of the Order and to have an accurate taxonomy, a species catalog and introduction to the four families present in Brazil is also detailed, including phylogenetic relationships, taxonomic actions, composition, distributions, and records maps. Herein, several taxonomic acts are proposed: (1) the synonymy of Chelicerca Ross  and Saussurembia Davis . (2) new status and delimitation for family Archembiidae Ross, stat. rev.; subfamily Archembiinae Ross, stat. rev.; subfamily Pachylembiinaestat. rev.; subfamily Scelembiinaestat. rev., and their genera included. (3) Diradiusunicolor (Ross) (Teratembiidae) comb. nov., and (4) new locality records for previously cited species in the region.Eight new species of  Embioptera whose representativeness of species is very low if we consider the surface and the diversity of biomes present in the country  are the result of the collection studies from several museums as well as the Ross collection . Museum collections acronyms:Many of the species known for Brazil were described by E.S. Ross  in his last monographs e.g., , 2003, wAMNHAmerican Museum of Natural History, New York, USA;CASCalifornia Academy of Science, Department of Entomology, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California, USA;FMLFundaci\u00f3n Miguel Lillo, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina;INPAInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia, Manaus, Brazil;LABEILaborat\u00f3rio de Ecologia de Insetos, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;MCZMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA;MNHNPMuseum National d\u2019Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France;MNHNPAMuseo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay;MNRJMuseo Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;MZUSPMuseu de Zoologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;MZVMuseum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland;NHMUKNatural History Museum, London, United Kingdom;USNMNational Museum of Natural History, Washington, USA;ZMBZoologisches Museum, Berlin, Germany.http://www.qgis.org). All measurements are given in millimeters. Ocular ratio (OR) is defined as in Maps created using the free and open source QGIS ver 2.18 ; Chorisembia Ross, 2003; Ectyphocerca Ross, 2003; Exochosembia Ross, 2003; Glyphembia Ross, 2003; Isosembia Ross, 2003; Mesembia Ross, 1940; Microembia Ross, 1944; Oncosembia Ross, 2003; Phallosembia Ross, 2003; Platyembia Ross, 2003; Pogonembia Ross, 2003; \u2020Poinarembia Ross, 2003; Saussurembia Davis, 1940 ; Scolembia Ross, 2003. species . However species , since s species , 2019. A species , the incAnisembiidae are described, the synonymy of various genera is confirmed and, a complete list of known Brazilian species and new locality records are added. Consequently, in Brazil, Anisembiidae is represented by 13 species belonging to six genera .In this work, two new species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaEmbiopteraAnisembiidae\ufeffGenusRoss, 1940184F2859-257C-568A-8956-C9DE852F455CAnisembia (Chelicerca)Anisembia Krauss, type species Anisembia (Chelicerca) davisi Ross by original designation. Ross, 1940: 656, as subgenus of Chelicerca Ross, 1944: 448; Chelicerca (Protrochelicerca)ChelicercadampfiChelicerca Ross. Ross, 1944: 449, type species Anisembia (Dactylocerca)Anisembia Krauss, type species Anisembia (Dactylocerca) rubra Ross by original designation; 1944: 454, as subgenus of Chelicerca. Ross, 1940: 659, as subgenus of DactylocercaChelicerca Ross; Chelicerca Ross; confirmed junior synonym of Chelicerca Ross. 1984a: 85, genus status; 1984b: 37, diagnosis; SchizembiaSchizembiagrandisChelicercaChelicerca Ross; Chelicerca Rossnew junior synonym of . Ross, 1944: 440, type species PelorembiaPelorembiatumidiceps Ross; Chelicerca Ross; Chelicerca Ross; confirmed junior synonym of Chelicerca Ross. Ross, 1984a: 41, type species CryptembiaCryptembiaamazonica Ross; Chelicerca Ross; Chelicerca Rossnew junior synonym of . Ross, 2003: 49, type species 10T with completely separate hemitergites, 10Lp1 and 10Rp1 usually with discoidal form ending with a spine. H globose, Hp elongate, ending with a complex apical margin, in some cases ending in a spine-shaped lobe, in other cases ending truncated or in two small lobes; Rpp totally fused to Hp and almost inconspicuous.Pelorembia, Dactylocerca, Schizembia, and Cryptembia were previously treated as probable junior synonym of Chelicerca and here these synonymies are confirmed (see below for relationships). Thus, the genus Chelicerca contains 76 species distributed from the southern United States to Argentina  comb. nov.; Chelicercamanauara  comb. nov.; Chelicercaparaense  comb. nov.; Chelicercarioensis Ross, 2003; Chelicercarondonia ; Chelicercarossi nom. nov. because Chelicercarondonia Ross, 2003 is a junior primary homonym of Cryptembiarondonia Ross, 2003 and is transferred to Chelicerca . New locality records for C.manaurara are added for two states of Brazil .Herein we only list the seven species of America.Chelicerca appeared as a paraphyletic group in all the phylogenetic analyses performed for the Order Embioptera .Male ; Saussurembiadavisi Ross as new name for Saussurembiaruficollis Davis, specimen type misidentified by Davis;  Davis, 1940a: 191, for StenembiaStenembiaparenensis Ross, 1896 by original designation; Saussurembia Davis; Saussurembia Davis; Saussurembia Davisnew junior synonym of . Ross, 1972: 139, type species LC1 symmetrical (processes and setae absent), Hp elongate, Ep narrow (stick-like), wing venation (only veins Rs + Ma and Rs sclerotized and cross veins absent except between R1 and Rs), 10Lp1 and 10Rp1 simple, laminate narrow lobe.Md acute and small, Stenembia Ross, 1972 is proposed here as junior synonym of Saussurembia Davis, 1940 (see arguments below under phylogenetic relationships), currently the genus includes seven species: Saussurembiadavisi Ross, 1992 from Costa Rica, Saussurembiaalbicauda Ross, 1992 from Panama, SaussurembiacalypsoSaussurembiasymmetrica Ross, 1944 from Colombia; Saussurembiaperenensis  from Peru; Saussurembiaexigua  from Brazil and the new species described below, also from Brazil.Given that Central and South America.Saussurembia was considered closely related to Stenembia based on the combination of characters discussed and described by Saussurembiacalypso which share with Saussurembia the presence of a sclerotized line starting from the inner margin of 10Lp1, the ventrally curved 10Rp1 and the basally broad 10Lp1 with acute apex and, with Stenembia the well-defined Lpp and Rpp, the dorsally curved Lpp and the directed leftward Hp , Hp elongate, Ep narrow (stick-like), wing venation (Rs + Ma and Rs are the only veins sclerotized) and the general shape of 10Lp1 and 10Rp1  (Saussurembia the autapomorphic form (The genus tward Hp . Saussurization) . Thus, ohic form .Embioptera .Male ( Uniformly yellowish brown with some color details: abdomen (except nine and ten segment) and cerci whitish. Total length 7.25. Head oval and elongate  and elevating Scelembiinae to family level and including there the remainder of archembiids. In the last cladistic analysis of the Order  and 18 modern genera (from America and Africa), accounting for a total of 86 species (including the new species described below) : Archembia Ross, 1971; Calamoclostes Enderlein, 1909; Ecuadembia Szumik, 2004; subfamily Pachylembiinae (four genera): Conicercembia Ross, 1984; Neorhagadochir Ross, 1944 ; Pachylembia Ross, 1984; \u2020Sorellembia Engel & Grimaldi, 2006; subfamily Scelembiinae (14 genera): Ambonembia Ross, 2001 ; Biguembia Szumik, 1997; Chirembia Davis, 1940 ; Dolonembia Ross, 2001; Embolyntha Davis, 1940 ; Gibocercus Szumik, 1997; \u2020Kumarembia Engel & Grimaldi, 2011; \u2020Lithembia Ross, 1984; Litosembia Ross, 2001; Malacosembia Ross, 2001; Ochrembia Ross, 2001; Pararhagadochir Davis, 1940; Rhagadochir Enderlein, 1912 ; Xiphosembia Ross, 2001.The classification proposed by he Order , with a d below) . We alsoArchembiidae from Brazil (one Archembiinae and four Scelembiinae) are described and a complete list of archembiids species and new locality records are added . Thus, in Brazil, the family is represented by 30 species belonging to nine genera.Here, five new species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaEmbiopteraArchembiidae\ufeffGenusRoss, 1971203627CC-7A7C-5EEB-8B38-67B07761B320ArchembiaArchembialacombea Ross by original designation; Archembiakotzbaueri , senior synonym of A.lacombea;  Ross, 1971: 30, type species Archembia differs from the close related genera Calamoclostes and Ecuadembia by having mandibles with incisive teeth concentrated in the apex, anterior edge of Sm diffuse; apical cerci longer than basal cerci, and medial position of LC1dp , Archembiabahia Ross, 2001, Archembiabatesi McLachlan, 1877 also present in Peru, Archembiadilata Ross, 2001 also present in Argentina, and Archembiaparanae Ross, 2001, exclusively from Brazil . Here, one new species is described from Brazil. Almost all the species of the genus were described by A.peruviana Ross, 2001 and A.lacombea Ross, 1971; see Catalog) or transferred to another genus ; see According to Szumik (2004)CAS as well as material deposited at INPA, MZUSP, MCZ, and USNM we have a better understanding of the distribution of this genus, with one species being present in the Amazon basin (A.batesi), four species present in the Atlantic Forest , and a new species described from the Cerrado and Pantanal ecoregion.Thanks to the observations on Ross\u2019s collection at South America.Archembia is a well-supported genus . Uniformly orangish brown with some color details: prothorax yellowish brown and wings brown. Total length 14.00. Head quite hirsute, almost circular, postocular suture scarcely marked, width/length = 0.79; eyes not large OR = 0.60; Md: 3\u20132 incisor teeth and 2\u20131 molar teeth. Mm conspicuous, Sm hirsute, anterior margin membranous and basally broad \u2019 \u2018Barro Alto, Est. Minas, Brazil Nov.\u2019 \u201831 (Jos\u00e9 Blaser) det. Davis Proc. L.S. N.S.W., 1940 65:348\u2019, MCZ.Brazil \u2022 Taxon classificationAnimaliaEmbiopteraArchembiidae\ufeffGenusDavis, 19400C06867E-E886-5764-9F89-BB53222A868FEmbiusEmbiusbrasilinesis Gray. ? Griffith & Pidgeon, 1832: 786, name and illustration, type species OlynthaEmbia Latreille, type species Olynthabrasiliensis Griffith and Pidgeon; Embia; Coleoptera. Griffith & Pidgeon, 1832: 347, as subgenus of EmbolynthaOlynthabrasiliensis, Embius and Olyntha preoccupied names;  Davis, 1940c: 344, description and diagnosis, key to the species, type species ArgocercembiaArgocercembiaguyana Ross; Embolyntha Davis. Ross, 2001: 63, type species Embolyntha can be distinguished from other Archembiidae by Sm with anterior margin membranous, 10Lp1 simple and starting at inner caudal angle of 10L, 10Lp1 leaf-like with many longitudinal carinae  from Brazil (without any specific location) and Embolynthaguyana  from Guyana and Brazil . In addition, one new species from Brazil is described below. species : EmbolynSouth America.Argocercembia was synonymized with Embolyntha by 10Lp1 shape, a small medial bladder in males, and LC1dp in a medial position, both forming a well-supported group. In the higher classification of the Order  or domed (E.guyana), absence of medial bladder on hind basitarsus, present in the other species.Male (holotype). General coloration brownish white with head, first antennomer, and fore tarsi brown, prothorax light brown and cerci whitish. Total length 4.00. Head  and the external tip (flat lobe) separated, with both tips always shorter than the width of 10L. It can be differentiated by the presence of a sclerotized node between 10L and the base of LC1 and 10Rp2 with more than one longitudinal laminate keel  from Trinidad and Venezuela, P.surinamensis  from Surinam, P.balteata Ross, 1972, P.bicingillata , P.castaneus Salvatierra, 2020, P.christae Ross, 1972, P.minuta Ross, 2001, P.noronhensisP.flavicollis , P.tenuis  from Bolivia; P.confusa Ross, 1944, P.schadei Ross, 1944, from Paraguay and Argentina; P.birabeni , P.pallida Ross, 2001, P.trachelia  from Argentina and P.picchua Ross, 2001 from Peru. Recently, P.confusa was also found in Brazil . Head, prothorax, and legs light brown, pterothorax and abdomen orangish brown, terminalia and basal cerci whitish brown, antennal tips and apical cerci white. Total length 13.21. Head . Uniformly light brown with some color details: antenna, prothorax, and legs brownish; abdomen (except segments 9 and 10) and cerci whitish with edges of LC1dp brownish. Total length 10.18. Head width/length = 0.84, anterior margin of the clypeus slightly convex, postocular suture well developed . Head dark brown, thorax and abdomen orangish brown, except cerci brownish white. Total length 5.89. Head .Here, one new species is described for the family Taxon classificationAnimaliaEmbiopteraClothodidae\ufeffGenusRoss, 1987E0C51E01-4266-52F7-A825-5DE385B7CCBDChromatoclothodaChromatoclothodaelegantula Ross by original designation;  Ross, 1987: 26, type species Chromatoclothoda can be distinguished from the other three genera of Clothodidae by having the male left paraproct well developed as a plate : one Peruvian species, Chromatoclothodaaurata Ross, 1987; C.albicauda Ross, 1987 from Colombia and Ecuador; C.neblina Szumik, 2001 from Venezuela and two Brazilian species, C.elegantula Ross, 1987 and the new species. For C.elegantula new records are added . The Peruvian species, C.nana Ross, 1987 and C.nigricauda Ross, 1987, were recently transferred to the genus Nonaia . Head dark brown, thorax brownish yellow, antenna, legs, and abdomen brown, except for the apical antennomeres and LC2 which are white. Total length 12.22. Head width/length = 0.82, postocular suture well developed; OR = 0.62; Md with 3\u20132 incisor teeth and 3\u20132 molar teeth; Mm inconspicuous, Sm strongly depressed, base broad, wider than anterior margin, anterior margin concave .Teratembiidae family is composed of five genera and considered a monophyletic group and sister group to Oligotomidae family ; D.unicolor  comb. nov.; O.bicolor Ross, 1944; O.versicolor Ross, 1972; Teratembiaproducta Ross, 1944, and a new record reported here, T.bancksi Davis, 1939. New locality records are added as well as a complete list of the species known for Brazil .e family . IncludeOligotomasaundersii Westewood; for details see The list of species occurring in Brazil , 2100 m; SC, 20 km N Itajai; near Barra Velha, 50 m; 15 km W Blumenau; PR, Rondon, CAS.Chelicercaachilata Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov.Chelicercaachilata Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov., Male Holotype INPA, type locality: Brazil: RJ, Nova Friburgo, Maca\u00e9 de Cima.Chelicercaamazonica  comb. nov.Cryptembiaamazonica Ross, 2003: 50, Male Holotype, Female Allotype CAS, type locality: Brazil: AP, Vila Amazonas, near Macap\u00e1.Additional record: Brazil: AP, Vila Amazonas, near Macap\u00e1, Paratypes CAS.Chelicercamanauara  comb. nov.Cryptembiamanauara Ross, 2003: 52, Male Holotype CAS, Female unknown, type locality: Brazil: AM, 10 km N Manaus.New records: Brazil: AM, Manaus, Rod. AM-010, km 26, Reserva Ducke; Ig. Ubere; Ig. Acara, INPA.Chelicercaparaense  comb. nov.Cryptembiaparaense Ross, 2003: 51, Male Holotype CAS, Female unknown, type locality: Brazil: PA, Mata da Pirelli, Marituba.Chelicercarioensis Ross, 2003Chelicercarioensis Ross, 2003: 108, Male Holotype, Female Allotype MZUSP, type locality: Brazil: RJ, Rio de Janeiro. Material observed: Male and Female, Paratypes same locality as holotype CAS.Chelicercarondonia  comb. nov.Chriptembiarondonia Ross, 2003: 55, Male Holotype, Female Allotype CAS, type locality: Brazil: RO, Schmidt Farm, 67 km SW Ariquemes.Chelicercarossi Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, nom. nov.Chelicercarondonia Ross, 2003: 113, Male Holotype, Female Allotype CAS, type locality: Brazil: RO, 62 km S Ariquemes, Fazenda Rancho Grande [primary junior homonym of Chelicercarondonia  comb. nov.]Isosembiaaequalis Mesembiaaequalis Ross, 1944: 438, Holotype male USNM, type data: Brazil: SC, Nova Teutonia; Mari\u00f1o 1984: 91, distinguished from Mesembiajuarenzis Mari\u00f1o; Isosembiaaequalis: Additional records: Brazil: SC, Nova Teut\u00f4nia, Paratypes, MZUSP; Ridge immediately north of Seara, CAS.Oncosembiabiarmata Ross, 2003Oncosembiabiarmata Ross, 2003: 120, Holotype Male CAS, type data: Brazil: BA, 20 km SW Jequie.Additional record: Brazil: BA, 10 km SE of lpiau, CAS.Platyembiatessellata Ross, 2003Platyembiatessellata Ross, 2003: 47, Male Holotype, Female Allotype CAS, type locality: Peru: Madre de Dios, Explorer\u2019s Inn Rio Tambopata; Teixeira et al. 2018: 120, new record, Brazil: RO, close to rio Jaci Paran\u00e1, LABEI.Saussurembiaborba Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov.Saussurembiaborba Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov., Male Holotype INPA, type locality: Brazil: AM, Borba, Rio Abacaxis.Saussurembiaexigua  comb. nov.Stenembiaexigua Ross, 1972: 142, Male Holotype, Female Allotype CAS, type locality: Brazil: PA, Bel\u00e9m; Additional record: Brazil: PA, Bel\u00e9m, Paratype, USNM.ARCHEMBIINAEFig. 49Archembiabahia Ross, 2001Archembiabahia Ross, 2001: 11, Male Holotype, Female Allotype CAS, type data: Brazil: BA, on hill 20 km SW Jequi\u00e9; Additional record: Brazil: ES, 20 km N of Linhares, CAS.Archembiabatesi Embiabatesi MacLachlan, 1877: 380, Male Holotype NHMUK, type data: Brazil: collected by Mr. Bates in the Amazons; Nav\u00e1s 1918: 96, 99, species key, male redescription.Embia (Olyntha) batesi: Hagen, 1885: 195, discussion; Kraus 1899: 148, list of Brazilian species.Olynthabatesi: Ragadochirbatesi: Embolynthabatesi: Davis 1940: 347, comb. nov., redescription; Barth 1954: 172, spinning apparatus; Barth and Lacombe 1955: 69, digestive system; Lacombe 1958: 177, respiratory system; 1958: 655, sexual dimorphism; 1960: 1, digestive system; 1963: 393, nervous system; 1964: 1, cephalic muscles; 1965: 503-513, Malpighian tubule system.Archembiabatesi: Archembiaperuviana Ross, 2001: 7 ; Archembiabatesi.CAS): BrazilAdditional records , Rio Negro; Manaus; M\u00e9dio Javari; RO: Rancho Grande, 62 km S Ariquemes; Colombia: Nari\u00f1o: Macoa; Ecuador: Napo: Ali\u00f1ahui, 25 km E Puerto Napo; Santa Rosa de Sucumb\u00edos; Napo-Pastaza: 5 km N Puyo; Marona-Santiago: 15 km N Limon. Peru: Ucayali: E end Boquer\u00f3n de Padre Abad; Pucallpa; Loreto: Iquitos; Amazon Camo, Rio Mom\u00f3n, 97.5 m (near Iquitos); Huanuco: Tingo Mar\u00eda; 4 mi SW Las Palmas.New records: Brazil: AM, Manaus, Campus do INPA; Reserva Ducke, INPA; PA, Rio Xingu Camp, 60 km S Altamira, USNM; Ecuador: Pastaza, Mera, CAS; Peru: Junin, Huacapistano, AMNH; Ucayali, Cordillera Azul, west end Boqueron de Padre Abad, CAS; 34 mi E of Tingo Maria, CAS.Archembiadilata Ross, 2001Archembiadilata Ross, 2001: 12, Male Holotype CAS, type data: Brazil: PR, Foz do Iguazu; Additional record: Brazil: PR, Rondon, CAS.New records (FML): Argentina: Misiones, Parque Nacional Iguaz\u00fa; PNI and RP101; Parque Provincial Urugua-\u00ed; Arroyo Pinalito, RP101.Archembiakotzbaurei Embiakotzbaurei Nav\u00e1s, 1925: 67, Male Holotype, type data: Brazil: RJ: Niter\u00f3i; Davis 1939: 379, probably referable to Clothoda or may be listed as a species inquirenda.Archembiakotzbaurei: MNRJ, Type Data: Brazil: RJ, Parque Nacional Tijuca (at Paineiras) above Rio de Janeiro, Paraneotypes CAS; Archembialacombea Ross, 1971: 33, Male Holotype, Female Allotype CAS, Type Data: Brazil: RJ, Ponte Maromba, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia; 2001: 8, redescription, new records; Szumik, 2004: 222, 224, junior syn. of Embiakotzbaurei Nav\u00e1s, phylogenetic analysis.CAS): BrazilAdditional records .New records: Brazil: RJ, Cabo Frio, CAS; Paineiras, CAS; Parque Lague, MNRJ; Tijuca, CAS; MNHNP; MG, 24 km E Soledade de Minas, CAS; SP, Jard\u00edn Bot\u00e1nico de S\u00e3o Paulo, MZUSP.Archembiaoruma Szumik, sp. nov.Archembiaoruma sp. nov., Male Holotype MZUSP, type data: Brazil: MS, Serra do Urucum-Corumb\u00e1.Additional record: Brazil: GO, Barro Alto, Est. Minas, MCZ.Archembiaparanae Ross, 2001Archembiaparanae Ross, 2001: 14, Male Holotype, Female Allotype MZUSP, type data: Brazil: PR, Pousada Recanto Bela Vista, picnic ground above S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o da Graciosa, between Moretes and PR410, 800 m; CAS): BrazilAdditional records Ischnosembiaamazonica Ross, 2001: 33, Male Holotype, Female Allotype MNRJ, type locality: Brazil: AP, Vila Amazonas near Macap\u00e1.Ambonembiaamazonica: CAS): BrazilAdditional record Additional records Additional record : BrazilAdditional records Aphanembiaobscura Ross, 2001: 65, Male Holotype, Female Allotype CAS, type data: Peru: Ucayali, Yurac Plantation, 67 mi E of Tingo Mar\u00eda.Biguembiaobscura: Biguembiatroncol Szumik.CAS): PeruAdditional records EmbiusbrasiliensisOlynthabrasiliensisNHMUK, type data: Brazil; Embia (Olyntha) brasiliensis: Krauss 1899: 148, Brazilian species and relationship with Condylopalamaagilis Sund. as probable junior synonym.Embiabrasiliensis: Embia.Embolynthabrasiliensis: Davis 1940: 345, redescription, species type of Embolyntha Davis, specimen described by Embiabrasiliensis seems to be conspecific; Archembia; Brazil: RJ, Paineiras, 450 m, Parque Nac. da Tijuca; Additional records: Brazil: RJ, Rio de Janeiro, USNM; Itatiaia, CAS.New record: Brazil: PR, Virmond S., ZMB.Embolynthaguyana  new recordArgocercembiaguyanaCAS, type data: Guyana: Demerara-Mahaica, Atkinson Airport .Embolynthaguyana: Argocercembia j. syn. of Embolyntha; New records: Brazil: AP, Vila Amazona; PA, Mata da Pirelli, near Bel\u00e9m; RR, 20 km N Caracarai; Boa Vista, CAS. These materials appeared in E.guyana.Embolynthaoriximina Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov.Embolynthaoriximina Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov., Male Holotype INPA, type data: Brazil: PA, Oriximin\u00e1, Rio Trombetas.INPA): Brazil: PAAdditional records Additional record ; P.noronhensisAdditional material: Brazil: SP, S\u00e3o Paulo (Park next Museu de Zoologia) Paratypes USNM, MZUSP; Usina Ester, near Cosm\u00f3polis, CAS.New records: Brazil: AM, Manaus, Petropolis; Conj. Tiradentes; RO, UHE Samuel, CDC 20 mts; RR, Ilha de Marac\u00e1 (EE Marac\u00e1), Rio Uraricoera, INPA; Alto Alegre, Reserva Biol\u00f3gica Ilha de Marac\u00e1; Surumu, MZUSP; SP, S\u00e3o Paulo, Ipiranga; Buritizal, Faz. Buritiz, MZUSP; TO, S\u00e3o Salvador, INPA.Pararhagadochirbicingillata Oligotomabicingillata Enderlein 1909: 111, Female Holotype MZV, type data: Brazil: Para; Oligotomasaundersii; Pararhagadochirbicingillata: CAS, type data: Brazil: PA, Bel\u00e9m; 2001: 50; PararhagadochirdavisiMCZ, type data: Brazil: AM, Parintins; 1972: 138, junior synonym of P.bicingillata; P.bicingillata.Additional records: Brazil: SP, R. Preto zw Boquerao Usina Sta. Rita, NHMV; TO, Santa Isabel, Rio Araguaia, CAS; AM, Uaup\u00e9s, R. Negro, CAS; Manaus, CAS; AP, Coracao near Macap\u00e1; RR, Mun. Boa Vista, Fazenda do Cabloco, CAS; Guyana: Mahaica-Berbice, Blairmont, CAS; Tobago: Canaan, Pigeon Point, CAS.New records: Brazil: RR, Boa Vista, leaf litter. CAS; MA, 15 km S Imperatriz, CAS; RO, 62 km SW Ariquemes Fazenda Rancho Grande, CAS; AM, 10 km N Manaus, CAS; Manaus, AM-010 km 35, Sitio Vida Tropical, INPA; Manaus, INPA-II Aleixo, INPA; Manaus, INPA, Campus II, INPA; Manaus, BR 174 km 43, Est. Exp. Sil. Trop., INPA; PA, Taperinha, Santarem, MZUSP.Pararhagadochirbonita Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov.Pararhagadochirbonita Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov., Male Holotype INPA, type locality: Brazil: BA, Camacan, Res. Serra Bonita.Pararhagadochircastaneus Salvatierra, 2020PararhagadochircastaneusINPA, type locality: Brazil: TO, Aragua\u00edna.Pararhagadochirchristae Ross, 1972PararhagadochirchristaeCAS, type data: Brazil: PA, Bel\u00e9m; 2001: 51; Additional records: Brazil: PA, Bel\u00e9m, Paratypes USNM; CE, near Minas do Uranio, CAS.New record: Brazil: MA, 15 km S Imperatriz, CAS.Pararhagadochirconfusa Ross, 1944Pararhagadochirargentina (Nav\u00e1s) MCZ; Ross, 1944: 428, erroneously identified by Davis.PararhagadochirconfusaMCZ, type data: Paraguay: Guair\u00e1, Villa Rica; Szumik 1998: 35, on the presence of the species in Argentina; Additional records: Brazil: RS, Rio Grande do Sul; Argentina: Buenos Aires, City Zoo; Corrientes, CAS.New records: Brazil: RO, Ariquemes, Rio Ji-Paran\u00e1, INPA; RS, Porto Alegre, FML; Santa Maria, MCZ; Pelotas; Cap\u00e3o do Le\u00e3o, LABEI; Paraguay: Central, Asunci\u00f3n, FML, MNHNPA; San Lorenzo; Villeta, MNHNPA; Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n, USNM; Guair\u00e1, Villa Rica, MCZ; Argentina: Buenos Aires, Capital Federal; Coghlan; Costanera Sur, INIDEP; Ciudad Universitaria; Facultad de Veterinaria; Lago Golf, Palermo; Parque Saavedra; Adrogu\u00e9; Campo de Mayo; km 26 F.C.G.B. Campo de Mayo; Ca\u00f1uelas; Coghlan; Castelar; Grand Bourg; Hurlingham; Isla Mart\u00edn Garc\u00eda; La Plata; Mart\u00ednez; Otamendi, INTA Delta; San Pedro; Temperley; Tigre; Rio Lujan, FML; Chaco, Colonia Ben\u00edtez, CAS, FML; Corrientes, PN Mburucuy\u00e1, parcela 6; Entre R\u00edos, Arroyo Tigrecito y RN18; Arroyo Villaguay (Villaguay); Balneario La Lana; Ceibas; Crespo; 5 km R\u00edo Gualeguay; RN12 (ex R126), Arroyo Orillas del Monte; Rosario del Tala, RP39 y Arroyo Gualeguay; Villa Urquiza; Formosa, Clorinda; PN Pilcomayo; Santa Fe, Santa Fe, FML.Pararhagadochirmarielleae Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov.Pararhagadochirmarielleae Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov., Male Holotype MZUSP, type locality: Brazil: MG, Serra do Cara\u00e7a, Exp. Mus. Zool.Pararhagadochirminuta Ross, 2001PararhagadochirminutaMZUSP , Paratypes CAS, type data: Brazil: CE, 37 km NE Tau\u00e1, 425 m; CAS): Brazil: CEAdditional records ; PB, 15 km SE Patos; S\u00e3o Bentinho; PI, 15 km N Sao Raimundo Nonato, 500 m; 24 km SW Picos.Pararhagadochirnoronhensis Costa-Pinto, Olivier & Rafael, 2021PararhagadochirnoronhensisINPA, type data: Brasil: PE, Fernando de Noronha, Trilha Sancho.Pararhagadochirpara Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov.Pararhagadochirpara Szumik, Pereyra & Ju\u00e1rez, sp. nov., Male Holotype INPA, type locality: Brazil: PA, Concei\u00e7\u00e3o do Araguaia.Xiphosembiaamapae Ross, 2001XiphosembiaamapaeMNRJ, Paratypes CAS, type data: Brazil: AP, Vila Amazonas, port of Icomi Mine, near Macap\u00e1; CAS)Additional record Embianobilis Gerstaecker 1888: 1, male and female, type data: Brazil: AM, Itaituba; Embia (Olyntha) nobilis Kraus 1899: 148, list of species from Brazil.Clothodanobilis: Enderlein 1909: 175, species type of Clothoda Enderlein; Brazil: AM, Fonteboa, 374, redescription based on a specimen from Itaituba, Brazil from McLachlan Collection NHMUK, according Davis probably belongs to series from which Gerstaerker\u2019s description was made; Ross, 1944: 406; 1987: 13 specimen of NHMUK assigned as neotype, redescription and new records; Ross 2000: 4, plesiomorphic conditions regarding fossil records, 41, female terminalia, 44, male terminalia; Szumik, 1996: 62, phylogeny; 2004: 234, outgroup on Archembiidae phylogeny; Blattodea phylogeny; Kluge 2012: 381, comparison with the new species Clothodaamazonica Kluge from Per\u00fa; Clothodatocantinensis Krolow and Valadares, species key; Gibocercus and Biguembia.Olynthanobilis: Additional records: Brazil: AM, Fonte Boa, MZV; Amazon basin, Reserva Ducke, 25 km N Manaus, CAS; 20 km N Manaus, CAS, USNM; Ponte da Bolivia; AP, Porto Platon; Serro do Navio; Casa do Sette, Amapari R, CAS.New Records: Brazil: AM, Manaus, AM-010 km 35, Sitio Vida Tropical; Ramal Agua Branca, Sitio Vida Tropical; Coari, Lago Coari; PA, Medicil\u00e1ndia Rod. Transamaz\u00f3nica, Bain. Ponte de Pedra, INPA; AP, Amap\u00e1, MNHNP.Clothodatocantinensis Krolow & Valadares, 2016ClothodatocantinensisINPA, Brazil: TO, Palmas, Distrito de Taquaru\u00e7u, Fazenda Encantada, 10\u00b015'02.3\"S, 48\u00b007'33.6\"W, 07\u201314.XII.2012, Malaise trap, TK Krolow and HIL Lima, coll.; 2 male paratypes, same locality and collectors, 14\u201321.XII.2012, CEUFT and INPA.Cryptoclothodaspinula Ross, 1987CryptoclothodaspinulaCAS, type data: Brazil: PA, 50 km N Paragominas; Fig. 53Diradiusplaumanni Oligembia (Dilobocerca) plaumanniUSNM, type data: Brazil: SC, Nova Teutonia.Diradiusplaumanni: Ross 1984: 45, comb. nov.; 2000: 48, anomalous male terminalia; Diradiusnougues Szumik; Additional records: Brazil: SC, Nova Teutonia, Paratypes CAS, USNM, MNHNP, MZUSP.New records: Brazil: SP, Providencias, MZUSP; Paraguay, MCZ; Argentina: Misiones, Parque Nac. Iguaz\u00fa, laboratorio; Parque Nac. Iguaz\u00fa, escuela; Parque Nac. Iguaz\u00fa, RP101: Corrientes, Parque Nac. Mburucuya, FML.Diradiuspusillus Friederichs, 1934DiradiuspusillusBrazil: SC, Isabelle, Humboldt Region; Davis 1940: 528, redescription; Diradiusnougues Szumik; New Record: Brazil: SC, 5 mi N. Itaja\u00ed, MNHNP.Diradiusunicolor  comb. nov.OligembiaunicolorCAS, type data: Brazil: SC, Nova Teutonia; Diradiuserba Szumik; Additional record: Brazil: SC, Nova Teutonia, Paratypes, FML, MZUSP, MNHNP.New records: Brazil: DF, Planaltina, USNM; SP, Est. Exp. Pirassununga, MZUSP; Argentina: Misiones, 44 km E de El Dorado, RP17; A\u00b0 Pi\u00f1alito, 2 km r\u00edo abajo de RP101; Parque Nac. Iguaz\u00fa, laboratorio; Parque Nac. Iguaz\u00fa, RP101; Parque Nac. Iguaz\u00fa, RP101, 10 km del cruce; Parque Nac. Iguaz\u00fa, RP101, ca. de El Palmital; Parque Prov. Urugua-i, FML.Oligembiabicolor Ross, 1944OligembiabicolorUSNM, type data: Brazil: SC, Nova Teutonia; Oligembiamini Szumik; Additional records: Brazil: SC, Nova Teutonia, paratypes CAS, USNM, MCZ, MZUSP, MNHNP.New records: Brazil: TO, Ig. Sao Salvador, INPA.Oligembiaversicolor Ross, 1972OligembiaversicolorCAS, type data: Brazil: PA, Ilha Marajozinho; Additional record: Brazil: PA, Ilha Marajozinho Paratypes USNM.Teratembiabancksi  new recordOligembiabanksi Davis 1939: 221, Male holotype MCZ, type data: Paraguay: Guair\u00e1, Villa Rica.Idioembiabanksi: Teratembiabanksi: Additional records: Paraguay: Guair\u00e1, Villa Rica, paratype MCZ.New records: Brazil: DF, Planaltina, USNM; Argentina: Misiones, PN Iguaz\u00fa, RP101; Salta, La Quena, RP34, FML.Teratembiaproducta IdioembiaproductaUSNM, type data: Brazil: SC, Nova Teutonia.Teratembiaproducta: Ross, 1952: 227, comb. nov., comparison with T.geniculata Krauss; Additional records: Brazil: SC, Nova Teutonia, Paratypes CAS, MCZ, USNM, MZUSP.New records: Brazil: SP, Campinas USNM; Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre FML; Argentina: Misiones, Parque Nac. Iguaz\u00fa, escuela; Parque Nac. Iguaz\u00fa, laboratorio; Puerto Libertad; Formosa, Parque Nac. Pilcomayo, Estero Poi, FML."}
+{"text": "Ongoing monitoring of COVID-19 disease burden in children will help inform mitigation strategies and guide pediatric vaccination programs. Leveraging a national, comprehensive dataset, we sought to quantify and compare disease burden and trends in hospitalizations for children and adults in the US. Data on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children and adolescents remain limited, even though 3.6 million pediatric cases have been reported in the US to date and several disease manifestations unique to children have been identified . P-values were estimated with parametric bootstrapping and deemed significant when adjusted for Bonferroni correction (P < 0.005). Significant p-values reflect the likelihood of a change point existing within the time interval.We used US Census population estimates to calculate weekly hospitalizations per 100,000 children 0\u201317 years) and adults, nationally and by region . Regions years anP = 0.0001 and P = 0.0004, respectively). Adult hospitalizations peaked during the week of January 1, at a rate of 44.3 per 100,000 adults, while pediatric hospitalizations peaked the following week, at a rate of 2.1 per 100,000 children.Over the 37-week study period, there were 35,919 pediatric and 2,052,932 adult COVID-19 hospitalizations, corresponding to a weekly median of 906  pediatric and 38,675  adult hospitalizations. National weekly hospitalization rates were 1.2 (IQR 1\u20131.7) per 100,000 children and 15.1 (IQR 12.6\u201332.9) per 100,000 adults . Change P = 0.0002) and October 2 (P = 0.0041), respectively. Across the other regions, significant change points were detected during the weeks of October 23 and October 30 for both pediatric and adult hospitalizations. Among children, the earliest peak occurred in the Midwest the week of November 6, while hospitalizations continued to rise in the Northeast until early February.Hospitalization rates and timing of change points varied by region . Median These national data indicate that peaks in COVID-19 hospitalization rates were 20-fold less for children than adults, though temporal trends were generally similar for pediatric and adult hospitalizations. There was substantial variation across regions, both in rates of hospitalizations observed and timing of changes in disease activity. Our findings highlight the importance of dedicated analyses of pediatric COVID-19 data to measure the impact of the pandemic on children, assess public health measures, and anticipate pediatric healthcare resource needs. Our study builds on prior work by Levin et al. by evaluating a comprehensive data source covering all 50 states and providing a direct comparison of pediatric and adult hospitalization rates through the launch of vaccination programs .Limitations of our study include use of an observational dataset subject to potential misclassification and under-reporting. We also were not able to perform additional patient-level or age group specific analyses as the dataset only identifies patients as pediatric and does not provide detailed demographic or other clinical information.COVID-19-related hospitalizations are a more robust measure of disease activity than COVID-19 case counts, as they are not subject to biases in testing strategies and represent a relevant health outcome. Evaluation of pediatric and adult hospitalization rates may inform policies for return to work and school activities as adults and children are vaccinated, as well as guide targeted protection of specific population groups. For any policy, the large variations in regional hospitalization rates underscore the need to consider local disease activity in implementation and assessment of mitigation strategies.https://healthdata.gov/Hospital/COVID-19-Reported-Patient-Impact-and-Hospital-Capa/g62h-syeh.Publicly available datasets were analyzed in this study. These data can be found at: MH conceptualized and designed the study, collected data, performed the analyses, drafted the initial manuscript, and revised the manuscript. ML performed data analysis and revised the manuscript. PA critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content and revised the manuscript. YL coordinated and supervised data collection, critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content, and revised the manuscript. FB conceptualized and designed the study, coordinated and supervised data collection, critically reviewed the manuscript for important intellectual content, and revised the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.James R Aaron, Giuseppe Agapito, Adem Albayrak, Mario Alessiani, Danilo F Amendola, Li L. L. J Anthony, Bruce J Aronow, Fatima Ashraf, Andrew Atz, Paul Avillach, James Balshi, Brett K Beaulieu-Jones, Douglas S Bell, Antonio Bellasi, Riccardo Bellazzi, Vincent Benoit, Michele Beraghi, Jos\u00e9 Luis Bernal Sobrino, M\u00e9lodie Bernaux, Romain Bey, Alvar Blanco Mart\u00ednez, Martin Boeker, Clara-Lea Bonzel, John Booth, Silvano Bosari, Florence T Bourgeois, Robert L Bradford, Gabriel A Brat, St\u00e9phane Br\u00e9ant, Nicholas W Brown, William A Bryant, Mauro Bucalo, Anita Burgun, Tianxi Cai, Mario Cannataro, Aldo Carmona, Charlotte Caucheteux, Julien Champ, Jin Chen, Krista Chen, Luca Chiovato, Lorenzo Chiudinelli, Kelly Cho, James J Cimino, Tiago K Colicchio, Sylvie Cormont, S\u00e9bastien Cossin, Jean B Craig, Juan Luis Cruz Berm\u00fadez, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Arianna Dagliati, Mohamad Daniar, Christel Daniel, Priyam Das, Anahita Davoudi, Batsal Devkota, Julien Dubiel, Loic Esteve, Hossein Estiri, Shirley Fan, Robert W Follett, Paula S. A Gaiolla, Thomas Ganslandt, Noelia Garc\u00eda Barrio, Lana X Garmire, Nils Gehlenborg, Alon Geva, Tobias Gradinger, Alexandre Gramfort, Romain Griffier, Nicolas Griffon, Olivier Grisel, Alba Guti\u00e9rrez-Sacrist\u00e1n, David A Hanauer, Christian Haverkamp, Bing He, Darren W Henderson, Martin Hilka, Yuk-Lam Ho, John H Holmes, Chuan Hong, Petar Horki, Kenneth M Huling, Meghan R Hutch, Richard W Issitt, Anne Sophie Jannot, Vianney Jouhet, Mark S Keller, Katie Kirchoff, Jeffrey G Klann, Isaac S Kohane, Ian D Krantz, Detlef Kraska, Ashok K Krishnamurthy, Sehi L'Yi, Trang T Le, Judith Leblanc, Andressa RR Leite, Guillaume Lemaitre, Leslie Lenert, Damien Leprovost, Molei Liu, Ne Hooi Will Loh, Sara Lozano-Zahonero, Yuan Luo, Kristine E Lynch, Sadiqa Mahmood, Sarah Maidlow, Adeline Makoudjou, Alberto Malovini, Kenneth D Mandl, Chengsheng Mao, Anupama Maram, Patricia Martel, Aaron J Masino, Maria Mazzitelli, Arthur Mensch, Marianna Milano, Marcos F Minicucci, Bertrand Moal, Jason H Moore, Cinta Moraleda, Jeffrey S Morris, Michele Morris, Karyn L Moshal, Sajad Mousavi, Danielle L Mowery, Douglas A Murad, Shawn N Murphy, Thomas P Naughton, Antoine Neuraz, Kee Yuan Ngiam, Wanjiku FM Njoroge, James B Norman, Jihad Obeid, Marina P Okoshi, Karen L Olson, Gilbert S Omenn, Nina Orlova, Brian D Ostasiewski, Nathan P Palmer, Nicolas Paris, Lav P Patel, Miguel Pedrera Jimenez, Emily R Pfaff, Danielle Pillion, Hans U Prokosch, Robson A Prudente, V\u00edctor Quir\u00f3s Gonz\u00e1lez, Rachel B Ramoni, Maryna Raskin, Siegbert Rieg, Gustavo Roig Dom\u00ednguez, Pablo Rojo, Carlos S\u00e1ez, Elisa Salamanca, Malarkodi J Samayamuthu, L. Nelson Sanchez-Pinto, Arnaud Sandrin, Janaina CC Santos, Maria Savino, Emily R Schriver, Petra Schubert, Juergen Schuettler, Luigia Scudeller, Neil J Sebire, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Patricia Serre, Arnaud Serret-Larmande, Zahra Shakeri, Domenick Silvio, Piotr Sliz, Jiyeon Son, Charles Sonday, Andrew M South, Anastasia Spiridou, Amelia LM Tan, Bryce WQ Tan, Byorn WL Tan, Suzana E Tanni, Deanne M Taylor, Ana I Terriza Torres, Valentina Tibollo, Patric Tippmann, Carlo Torti, Enrico M Trecarichi, Yi-Ju Tseng, Andrew K Vallejos, Gael Varoquaux, Margaret E Vella, Guillaume Verdy, Jill-J\u00eann Vie, Shyam Visweswaran, Michele Vitacca, Kavishwar B Wagholikar, Lemuel R Waitman, Xuan Wang, Demian Wassermann, Griffin M Weber, Zongqi Xia, Nadir Yehya, William Yuan, Alberto Zambelli, Harrison G Zhang, Daniel Zoeller, Chiara Zucco.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."}
+{"text": "The inaugural issue of each SoSyM volume-year is usually written during a time of personal and professional reflection. Over the past 12\u00a0months, researchers from all disciplines continued to experience the need for flexibility as the COVID-19 pandemic extended its impact across the globe through many variants. This has forced us all to adapt in many ways such that the idea of \u201cvirtual everything\u201d permeates our daily discussions. The software and systems modeling community continued to thrive and exhibited a great degree of flexibility and increased production in the overall research output, despite the limitations for in-person collaborations. In fact, for many years, the first issue of each SoSyM volume-year has reported growth in submissions and other important metrics. The same is true for the 2021 publication year of SoSyM. The journal continues a positive and healthy trajectory in the increased number of submissions and an impact factor that ranks SoSyM among the top publication venues for software engineering.The following sections report on various statistics and general updates about SoSyM that occurred over 2021. We invite all authors to continue submitting their contributions to SoSyM, and we are always available to correspond regarding questions about the suitability of an idea or potential submission. We wish you all of the best for a productive and satisfying year of research and personal growth in 2022!The six SoSyM issues published in 2021 contained 40 Regular papers, 32 Special Section papers, 5 Theme Section papers, 4 Expert Voices, 6 Guest Editorials, and 1 Erratum. In total, 2197 pages were published in volume 20. This is a 38% increase compared to the previous year and continues to represent the commitment by our publisher (Springer) in reducing the time to publication by processing papers expeditiously after acceptance. We are grateful to Elizabeth Dziubela, our Springer liaison, for her helpful efforts in assisting us with the expansion.https://www.sosym.org/.We are excited to report that the 2-year impact factor (IF) for SoSyM remains very respectable at 1.910 (previously at 1.876 in 2020 and 2.66 in the record year of 2019). The 5-year IF increased to 2.074 (from 1.915 last year). Furthermore, the h-5 Google Scholar ranking places SoSyM at #14 among all conferences and journals related to software engineering and programming languages. Further rankings can be found at We have observed that modeling continues to develop in overall maturity across the core domains of Software Engineering and Information Systems. Additionally, there is a growing interest in SoSyM among researchers who focus on model-based/model-driven activities in a wider area of software and systems engineering. This includes man-made systems, such as cars, airplanes, cell phones, and health care devices, but also existing systems from nature, which include biological systems, chemical structures and interactions, and of course complex physical or medical activities in various areas. Thus, it was natural that the number of submissions increased in 2021 over previous years. Over the past year, SoSyM received 420 submissions\u2014more than 50 additional submissions compared to 2020 and the largest number for any year in our history. Also, the number of downloads increased again. At the end of 2020, there were 179,555 downloaded SoSyM articles during the calendar year. Comparatively, the final 2021 yearly download total was 197,730.The acceptance rate increased in 2021 to 34.9% which seems to be coming from the fact that SoSyM has a strong reputation and the number of low-quality papers submitted has considerably decreased. Unfortunately, the average time from submission to the final decision (accept or reject) has also increased to 170\u00a0days (146\u00a0days in 2020). It remains a challenge for our Editors to identify reviewers amid a community that has the specific expertise in areas covered by SoSyM and the increased submissions are starting to exhibit new challenges in the decision time.When a research community matures, it is often interesting to take a look back through history to observe what contributions had the most impact and what topics emerged as most prominent over specific periods of time. Our collaboration with the MODELS conference has provided an opportunity for us to honor the authors of the most influential papers in our community. Each year, SoSyM identifies the two papers (from the Regular and Theme Section areas) that had the most impact over the past decade since their publication. The selection is based on the ISI citation index among papers published in SoSyM since 2010. The following two papers were presented virtually at MODELS 2021, and each author received an award certificate. We congratulate the authors for these \u201cMost Influential\u201d papers of SoSyM over the past decade.SoSyM 2021 \"10-year most influential Regular paper award\" was given to:Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 10, Issue 4, pp. 489\u2013514, Springer, October 2011.Zolt\u00e1n Micskei and H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Waeselynck, \"The many meanings of UML 2 Sequence Diagrams: A survey\", In: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-010-0157-9The SoSyM 2021 \"10-year most influential Theme Section paper award\" was given to:Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 10, Issue 3, pp. 313\u2013336, Springer, July 2011.Simona Bernardi, Jos\u00e9 Merseguer, and Dorina C. Petriu, \"A dependability profile within MARTE\", In: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-009-0128-1More information about the awards can be found at: http://www.sosym.org/awards/.The Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 3, pp. 611\u2013639, Springer, June 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00876-zMoussa Amrani, Dominique Blouin, Robert Heinrich, Arend Rensink, Hans Vangheluwe, and Andreas Wortmann, \"Multi-paradigm modelling for cyber\u2013physical systems: A descriptive framework\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 3, pp. 685\u2013709, Springer, June 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00856-9Sebastian Pilarski, Martin Staniszewski, Matthew Bryan, Frederic Villeneuve, and D\u00e1niel Varr\u00f3, \"Predictions-on-chip: model-based training and automated deployment of machine learning models at runtime\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Springer, in press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00900-2Ferenc A. Somogyi, Gergely Mezei, Zolt\u00e1n Theisz, S\u00e1ndor B\u00e1csi, and D\u00e1niel Palatinszky, \"Playground for multi-level modeling constructs\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 3, pp. 711\u2013724, Springer, June 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00858-7Adrien Le Co\u00ebnt, Julien Alexandre dit Sandretto, and Alexandre Chapoutot, \"Guaranteed master for interval-based cosimulation\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Springer, in this issue, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00897-8L\u00e9a Brunschwig, Esther Guerra, and Juan de Lara, \"Modelling on mobile devices\u2014A systematic mapping study\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 6, pp. 2155\u20132197, Springer, December 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00888-9Sa\u0161a Kuhar and Gregor Polancic, \"Conceptualization, measurement, and application of semantic transparency in visual notations\u2014A systematic literature review\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Springer, in this issue, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00899-6Walter Cazzola, Sudipto Ghosh, Mohammed Al-Refai, and Gabriele Maurina, \"Bridging the model-to-code abstraction gap with fuzzy logic in model-based regression test selection\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 5, pp. 1735\u20131774, Springer, October 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00879-wG\u00e1bor Bergmann, \"Controllable and decomposable multidirectional synchronizations\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 4, pp. 1183\u20131213, Springer, August 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00842-1Javier Troya, Nathalie Moreno, Manuel F. Bertoa, and Antonio Vallecillo, \"Uncertainty representation in software models: A survey\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Springer, in this issue, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00905-xLissette Almonte, Esther Guerra, Iv\u00e1n Cantador, and Juan de Lara, \"Recommender systems in model-driven engineering\u2014A systematic mapping review\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Springer, in this issue, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00907-9Martina De Sanctis, Ludovico Iovino, Maria Teresa Rossi, and Manuel Wimmer, \"MIKADO: A smart city KPIs assessment modeling framework\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Springer, in this issue, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00898-7Wenjun Xiong, Emeline Legrand, Oscar \u00c5berg, and Robert Lagerstr\u00f6m, \"Cyber security threat modeling based on the MITRE Enterprise ATT&CK Matrix\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 6, pp. 2111\u20132130, Springer, December 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00883-0Alexander Boll, Florian Brokhausen, Tiago Amorim, Timo Kehrer, and Andreas Vogelsang, \"Characteristics, potentials, and limitations of open-source Simulink projects for empirical research\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 5, pp. 1713\u20131734, Springer, October 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00884-zOszk\u00e1r Semer\u00e1th, Aren A. Babikian, Boqi Chen, Chuning Li, Krist\u00f3f Marussy, G\u00e1bor Sz\u00e1rnyas, and D\u00e1niel Varr\u00f3, \"Automated generation of consistent, diverse and structurally realistic graph models\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 5, pp. 1609\u20131631, Springer, October 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00869-ySt\u00e9phanie Challita, Fabian Korte, Johannes Erbel, Faiez Zalila, Jens Grabowski, and Philippe Merle, \"Model-based cloud resource management with TOSCA and OCCI\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 5, pp. 1553\u20131586, Springer, October 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00868-zShahar Maoz and Jan Oliver Ringert, \"Spectra: A specification language for reactive systems\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 4, pp. 1123\u20131158, Springer, August 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00854-xSwaib Dragule, Thorsten Berger, Claudio Menghi, and Patrizio Pelliccione, \"A survey on the design space of end-user-oriented languages for specifying robotic missions\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 3, pp. 897\u2013916, Springer, June 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00834-1Weslley Torres, Mark G. J. van den Brand, and Alexander Serebrenik, \"A systematic literature review of cross-domain model consistency checking by model management tools\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 3, pp. 767\u2013793, Springer, June 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00827-0Pablo G\u00f3mez-Abajo, Esther Guerra, Juan de Lara, and Mercedes G. Merayo, \"Wodel-Test: A model-based framework for language-independent mutation testing\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 5, pp. 1653\u20131688, Springer, October 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00870-5Jaime Font, Lorena Arcega, \u00d8ystein Haugen, and Carlos Cetina, \"Handling nonconforming individuals in search-based model-driven engineering: nine generic strategies for feature location in the modeling space of the meta-object facility\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 5, pp. 1689\u20131712, Springer, October 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00878-xSina Madani, Dimitris Kolovos, and Richard F. Paige, \"Distributed model validation with Epsilon\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 5, pp. 1587\u20131608, Springer, October 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00864-3Maher Fakih, Oliver Klemp, Stefan Puch, and Kim Gr\u00fcttner, \"A modeling methodology for collaborative evaluation of future automotive innovations\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 5, pp. 1491\u20131523, Springer, October 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00853-yMahsa Panahandeh, Mohammad Hamdaqa, Bahman Zamani, and Abdelwahab Hamou-Lhadj, \"MUPPIT: A method for using proper patterns in model transformations\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 5, pp. 1525\u20131551, Springer, October 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00855-wSiamak Farshidi, Slinger Jansen, and Sven Fortuin, \"Model-driven development platform selection: Four industry case studies\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 4, pp. 1159\u20131181, Springer, August 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00841-2Arvind Nair, Xia Ning, and James H. Hill, \"Using recommender systems to improve proactive modeling\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 3, pp. 867\u2013895, Springer, June 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00833-2David Granada, Juan M. Vara, Mercedes Merayo, and Esperanza Marcos, \"CEViNEdit: Improving the process of creating cognitively effective graphical editors with GMF\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 4, pp. 1043\u20131077, Springer, August 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00839-wMatias Pol'la, Agustina Buccella, and Alejandra Cechich, \"Analysis of variability models: A systematic literature review\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 3, pp. 821\u2013835, Springer, June 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00830-5Feng Zhu and Jun Tang, \"Graphical composite modeling and simulation for multi-aircraft collision avoidance\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 3, pp. 837\u2013866, Springer, June 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00831-4Stefan Klikovits and Didier Buchs, \"Pragmatic reuse for DSML development\", In: Journal on Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Volume 20, Issue 3, pp. 795\u2013819, Springer, June 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00829-yMojtaba Bagherzadeh, Karim Jahed, Benoit Combemale, and Juergen Dingel, \"Live modeling in the context of state machine models and code generation\", In: The collaboration between SoSyM and the MODELS conference continued with the organization of the SoSyM \u201cJournal-First\u201d option. This collaboration enables authors of recent SoSyM papers to present their work across the core conference sessions at MODELS. Through this collaboration, SoSyM authors have the opportunity to reach a broader audience to present their work. This includes research talks that explore more depth through analytical and empirical evidence than found in a typical MODELS conference paper. At MODELS 2021, a record number of \u201cSoSyM First\u201d papers were presented (30 papers). We are very thankful to the MODELS 2021 PC Chairs, Shiva Nejati and Daniel Varro, for their help in the integration of the SoSyM First papers into the general MODELS 2021 schedule. The SoSyM First papers presented at MODELS 2021 were the following :Jon Whittle is pursuing interesting new opportunities in his position as director of Australia\u2019s national science agency, CSIRO Data61. His new focus spans many different disciplines of scientific inquiry. Jon stepped down from the SoSyM Editorial Board this year after nearly 20\u00a0years of service to the software and systems modeling community. We are grateful for his assistance and wish him all of the best in his new professional endeavors.Colin Atkinson, Dominik Bork, Erwan Bousse, Travis Breaux, Carlos Cuesta, Martina De Sanctis, Juergen Dingel, Dirk Fahland, Loic Helouet, Nicolas Hili, J\u00f6rg Holtmann, Jennifer Horkoff, Thomas K\u00fchne, Akhil Kumar, Xavier Le Pallec, Assaf Marron, Bentley Oakes, Anthony Simons, Thomas Vogel, and Marco Wehrmeister.Below is a list of those who reviewed one or more papers for the journal in the last year. The complete list of reviewers can also be found on our website http://www.sosym.org/people/.Mohamed Abdelrazek, Suraj Ajit, Omar Alam, Ian Alexander, Hessa Alfraihi, Shaukat Ali, Joao Paulo Almeida, Ahmad Salim Al-Sibahi, Sanaa Alwidian, Vasco Amaral, Daniel Amyot, Paolo Arcaini, Wesley K. G. Assuncao, Colin Atkinson, Joanne Atlee, Claudia Ayala, Onder Babur, Omar Badreddin, Mira Balaban, Arosha Bandara, Torsten Bandyszak, Olivier Barais, Mikhail Barash, Luciano Baresi, Ankica Barisic, Konstantinos Barmpis, Jorge Barreiros, Angela Barriga, Thais Batista, Edouard Batot, Dinesh Batra, Steffen Becker, Nelly Bencomo, Luca Berardinelli, Robin Bergenthum, Thorsten Berger, Gabor Bergmann, Ilia Bider, Gordon Blair, Dominique Blouin, Alvine Boaye-Belle, Francis Bordeleau, Dominik Bork, Artur Boronat, Paolo Bottoni, Juan Boubeta-Puig, Johann Bourcier, Erwan Bousse, Jonathan Bowen, Drazen Brdjanin, Travis Breaux, Isabel Brito, Jan Broenink, Jean-Michel Bruel, Davide Brugali, Hugo Bruneliere, Alessio Bucaioni, Antonio Bucchiarone, Robert Buchmann, Thomas Buchmann, Andrea Burattin, Erik Burger, Loli Burgue\u00f1o, Rimantas Butleris, Cristina Cabanillas, Jordi Cabot, Javier Luis Canovas Izquierdo, Rafael Capilla, Emerson Carneiro de Andrade, Victorio Carvalho, K\u0101rlis \u010cer\u0101ns, Carlos Cetina, Moharram Challenger, Michel Chaudron, Xin Chen, Antonio Cicchetti, Federico Ciccozzi, Robert Claris\u00f3, Tony Clark, Manuel Clavel, Jane Cleland-Huang, Loek Cleophas, Benoit Combemale, Carlo Combi, Jos\u00e9 Conejero, Carl Corea, Dolors Costal, Jes\u00fas S\u00e1nchez Cuadrado, Carlos Cuesta, Alcino Cunha, Alberto da Silva, Fabiano Dalpiaz, Andrea D'Ambrogio, Nancy Day, Jose Luis de la Vara, Juan de Lara, Martina De Sanctis, Pierre De Saqui-Sannes, Marne de Vries, Julien DeAntoni, Renzo Degiovanni, Thomas Degueule, Joerg Desel, Byron DeVries, Xavier Devroey, Claudio Di Ciccio, Juri Di Rocco, Davide Di Ruscio, Vasiliki Diamantopoulou, Marcos Didonet Del Fabro, Juergen Dingel, Julio do Prado Leite, Marlon Dumas, Francisco Duran, Johann Eder, Alexander Egyed, Neil Ernst, Bedilia Estrada, Dirk Fahland, Kleinner Farias, Michael Fellmann, Jo\u00e3o Miguel Fernandes, Eduardo Fernandez, Nicolas Ferry, Robson Fidalgo, Hans-Georg Fill, Xavier Franch, Ulrich Frank, Marc Frappier, Piero Fraternali, Walid Gaaloul, Kelly Garces, Felix Garcia, Luciano Garcia Banuelos, Antonio Garc\u00eda-Dom\u00ednguez, Ning Ge, Sebastien Gerard, Sepideh Ghanavati, Mohamad Gharib, Aditya Ghose, Holger Giese, Christophe Gnaho, Sebastian Goetz, Arda Goknil, Thomas Goldschmidt, Cl\u00e1udio Gomes, Abel G\u00f3mez, Elena G\u00f3mez-Mart\u00ednez, Miguel Goul\u00e3o, Catarina Gralha, David Granada, Joel Greenyer, Paul Grefen, Georg Grossmann, Eoin Grua, John Grundy, Giancarlo Guizzardi, Renata Guizzardi, Sarra Habchi, Simon Hacks, Irit Hadar, Nabil Hameurlain, Regina Hebig, Monika Heiner, Robert Heinrich, Maritta Heisel, Nicolas Hili, Georg Hinkel, Knut Hinkelmann, Frank Hogrebe, J\u00f6rg Holtmann, Stijn Hoppenbrouwers, Jennifer Horkoff, Marianne Huchard, John Hutchinson, Emilio Insfran, Ludovico Iovino, Muhammad Zohaib Iqbal, Fuyuki Ishikawa, Ana Ivanchikj Moroni, Amin Jalali, Dietmar Jannach, Axel Jantsch, Steve Jenkins, Manfred A. Jeusfeld, Mohamed Jmaiel, Paul Johannesson, Reyes Juarez-Ramirez, Nafiseh Kahani, J\u0101nis Kampars, Geylani Kardas, Gabor Karsai, Timo Kehrer, Steven Kelly, Wael Kessentini, Djamel Eddine Khelladi, Marite Kirikova, Alexander Knapp, Shekoufeh Kolahdouz-Rahimi, Dimitrios Kolovos, Dimitris Kolovos, Anil Koyuncu, Lars Michael Kristensen, Thomas Kuehn, Thomas K\u00fchne, G\u00e9za Kulcs\u00e1r, Vinay Kulkarni, Akhil Kumar, Yvan Labiche, Katsiaryna Labunets, Robert Lagerstr\u00f6m, Leen Lambers, Elyes Lamine, Yngve Lamo, Kevin Lano, Xavier Le Pallec, Edward Lee, Martti Lehto, Henrik Leopold, Timothy Lethbridge, Nianyu Li, Shuai Li, Tong Li, Grischa Liebel, Crescencio Lima, Igor Linkov, Patricia Lopez, V\u00edctor L\u00f3pez-Jaquero, Oscar Luis, Roman Lukyanenko, Mass Soldal Lund, Xiaoxing Ma, Nuno Macedo, Fernando Mac\u00edas, Paulo Maia, Mahdi Manesh, Beatriz Mar\u00edn, Assaf Marron, Salvador Martinez, Nicholas Matragkas, Raimundas Matulevicius, Davide Andrea Mauro, Julio Medina, Anna Medve, Claudio Menghi, Giovanni Meroni, Jose Merseguer, Judith Michael, Fredrik Milani, Mark Minas, Miguel Mira da Silva, Pieter Mosterman, Hassan Mountassir, Haralambos Mouratidis, Saad Mubeen, Paula Mu\u00f1oz, John Mylopoulos, Elisa Yumi Nakagawa, Elena Navarro, Lukas Netz, Bernd Neumayr, Phu Nguyen, Phuong Nguyen, Nan Niu, Arne Nordmann, Bentley Oakes, Ileana Ober, Johnny \u00d6berg, Edson OliveiraJr, Alessandro Oltramari, Xavier Oriol, Michiel Overeem, Richard Freeman Paige, Elda Paja, Liliana Pasquale, Oscar Pastor, Cecile P\u00e9raire, Francisca P\u00e9rez, Robert Pettit, Alfonso Pierantonio, Joao Pimentel, Monica Pinto, Stephan Poelmans, Geert Poels, Pascal Poizat, Andrea Polini, Saheed Popoola, Pasqualina Potena, Henderik Proper, Truong Ho Quang, Elisa Quintarelli, Ansgar Radermacher, Akshay Rajhans, Jolyta Ralyt\u00e9, Qusai Ramadan, Nacim Ramdani, Aurora Ram\u00edrez, Eric J. Rapos, Alexander Raschke, Gil Regev, Manfred Reichert, Hajo Reijers, Elvinia Riccobene, Jan Oliver Ringert, Erkuden Rios Velasco, Roberto Rodr\u00edguez-Echeverr\u00eda, Michael Rosemann, Pedro Rossel, Ivan Ruchkin, Marcela Ruiz, Adrian Rutle, Mehrdad Saadatmand, Mahsa Sadi, Andrey Sadovykh, Neda Saeedloei, Houari Sahraoui, Rijul Saini, Mattia Salnitri, Leila Samimi, Jes\u00fas S\u00e1nchez Cuadrado, Kurt Sandkuhl, Stefan Sauer, Clemens Sauerwein, Christian Schilling, David Schmalzing, David Schmelter, Rainer Schmidt, Stefan Sch\u00f6nig, Stefan Schulte, Ulrik Schultz, Christoph Sch\u00fctz, Ed Seidewitz, Ronny Seiger, Bran Selic, Laura Semini, Sagar Sen, Arik Senderovich, Estefan\u00eda Serral Asensio, Mojtaba Shahin, Ramy Shahin, Mohammadreza Sharbaf, Carla Silva, Anthony Simons, Monique Snoeck, Pnina Soffer, Oleg Sokolsky, Hui Song, Wei Song, Jean-Sebastien Sottet, Thomas Springer, Emmanouela Stachtiari, Matthew Stephan, Perdita Stevens, Janis Stirna, Ketil St\u00f8len, Volker Stolz, Daniel Str\u00fcber, Arnon Sturm, Allison Sullivan, Yu Sun, Daniel Sundmark, Gerson Sunye, Angelo Susi, Andreas Symeonidis, Eugene Syriani, Gabriele Taentzer, J\u00e9r\u00e9mie Tatibouet, Paul Temple, Ernest Teniente, Thomas Th\u00fcm, Matthias Tichy, Ulyana Tikhonova, Massimo Tisi, Juha-Pekka Tolvanen, Victoria Torres, Konstantinos Traganos, Hanh Nhi Tran, Marina Tropmann-Frick, Javier Troya, Christos Tsigkanos, Katja Tuma, Samuel Tweneboah-Koduah, Mark Utting, Antonio Vallecillo, Nick R. T. P. van Beest, Mark van den Brand, Han van der Aa, Wil M.P. van der Aalst, Tijs van der Storm, Jean Vanderdonckt, Irene Vanderfeesten, Hans Vangheluwe, Juan Manuel Vara, Daniel Varro, Eric Verbeek, Eugenio Villar, Thomas Vogel, Johannes von Oswald, Yves Wautelet, Barbara Weber, Thomas Weber, Marco Wehrmeister, Ran Wei, Nils Weidmann, Hans Weigand, Mathias Weske, Bernhard Westfechtel, Martin Weyssow, Manuel Wimmer, Genta Indra Winata, Carson Woo, Andreas Wortmann, Franz Wotawa, Sebastian Wrede, Jianqing Wu, Wenhua Yang, Bahman Zamani, Anna Zamansky, Jelena Zdravkovic, Philipp Zech, Bernard P. Zeigler, Lingfang Zeng, Peng Zeng, Li Zhang, Man Zhang, Nan Zhang, Haiyan Zhao, Athanasios Zolotas, Steffen Zschaler, and Albert Zuendorf.A strong research community depends on the efforts of volunteers who help serve as reviewers. The software and systems modeling community has always risen to the request for help from SoSyM. We appreciate all of the help that the reviewers provided in service to the modeling community! We would also like to offer special recognition to the following reviewers, who were recommended as the SoSyM Best Reviewers of 2021, based on the technical depth and feedback provided to authors over the past year\u2014congratulations! Each of the following reviewers received a certificate of recognition:\u201cModels: The fourth dimension of computer science\u2014Towards studies of models and modelling,\u201d contributed by Bernhard Thalheim. Bernhard is a long-time member of our community, and his paper contains many insights and action points for your consideration. We strongly recommend his paper for your consideration and reflection on the role of modeling in computer science.This issue also includes a special Expert Voice article, with the thought provoking title, Expert voice\u201cModels: The fourth dimension of computer science\u2014Towards studies of models and modelling\u201d by Bernhard ThalheimOverview paper\"Model-driven engineering for mobile robotic systems: A systematic mapping study\" by Giuseppina Casalaro, Giulio Cattivera, Federico Ciccozzi, Ivano Malavolta, Andreas Wortmann, and Patrizio PelliccioneRegular papers\"On the automation-supported derivation of domain-specific UML profiles considering static semantics\" by Alexander Kraas\"Suggesting model transformation repairs for rule-based languages using a contract-based testing approach\" by Roberto Rodr\u00edguez-Echeverr\u00eda, Fernando Mac\u00edas, Adrian Rutle, and Jos\u00e9 Conejero\"An ontological metamodel for cyber-physical system safety, security, and resilience coengineering\" by Georgios Bakirtzis, Tim Sherburne, Stephen Adams, Barry Horowitz, Peter Beling, and Cody Fleming\"A generic LSTM neural network architecture to infer heterogeneous model transformations\" by Loli Burgue\u00f1o, Jordi Cabot, Shuai Li, and Sebastien Gerard\"Cyber security threat modeling based on the MITRE Enterprise ATT&CK Matrix\" by Wenjun Xiong, Emeline Legrand, Oscar \u00c5berg, and Robert Lagerstr\u00f6m\"Modelling on mobile devices\u2014A systematic mapping study\" by L\u00e9a Brunschwig, Esther Guerra, and Juan de Lara\"Bridging the model-to-code abstraction gap with fuzzy logic in model-based regression test selection\" by Walter Cazzola, Sudipto Ghosh, Mohammed Al-Refai, and Gabriele Maurina\"Guiding the evolution of product-line configurations\" by Michael Nieke, Gabriela Sampaio, Thomas Th\u00fcm, Christoph Seidl, Leopoldo Teixeira, and Ina Schaefer\"Recommender systems in model-driven engineering\u2014A systematic mapping review\" by Lissette Almonte, Esther Guerra, Iv\u00e1n Cantador, and Juan de Lara\"MIKADO: A smart city KPIs assessment modeling framework\" by Martina De Sanctis, Ludovico Iovino, Maria Rossi, and Manuel Wimmer\"A method for transforming knowledge discovery metamodel to ArchiMate models\" by Ricardo P\u00e9rez-Castillo, Andrea Delgado, Francisco Ruiz, Virginia Bacigalupe, and Mario Piattini\"Efficient model similarity estimation with robust hashing\" by Salvador Martinez, Sebastien Gerard, and Jordi Cabot\"Graphic modeling in Distributed Autonomous and Asynchronous Automata (DA3)\" by Wiktor Daszczuk\"Enhancing software model encoding for feature location approaches based on machine learning techniques\" by Ana Cristina Marc\u00e9n, Francisca P\u00e9rez, Oscar Pastor, and Carlos CetinaThe contents of this issue are as follows:We wish you a Happy New Year with the hope that you enjoy reading the papers in this issue!Huseyin Ergin, Jeff Gray, Bernhard Rumpe, and Martin Schindler."}
+{"text": "In Dong et\u00a0al.,Ming Dong, Xin Wang, Tong L1, Jing Wang, Yunwei Yang, Yi Liu, Yaqing Jing, Honglin Zhao, Jun ChenThe author name, \u2018Tong L1\u2019, was incorrect and should have read, \u2018Tong Li\u2019. The corrected article byline is below:Ming Dong, Xin Wang, Tong Li, Jing Wang, Yunwei Yang, Yi Liu, Yaqing Jing, Honglin Zhao, Jun ChenThe online version of this article was corrected.We apologise for this error."}
+{"text": "The original version of this paper did not contain a list of BIOLUX P-III investigators. The purpose of this addendum is to acknowledge the contribution of all investigators who participated in the study.Collaborators: BIOLUX P-III Global Registry Investigators: Marianne Brodmann, Thomas Zeller, Jean-Marc Corpataux, Matej Moscovic, Gunnar Tepe, Koen Keirse, Giovanni Nano, Johannes B. Dahm, Johnny Kent Christensen, Reza Ghotbi, Christoph Binkert, Henrik Schr\u00f6der, Denis Henroteaux, John Wang Chaw Chian, Eric Rosset, Enrique Alejandre Lafont, Sabrina Houthoofd, Miguel Araujo; Shaiful Azmi Yahaya, Don Robertson, Martin Freund, Lonneke Yo, Uei Pua, Roxanne Wu, Frank Hammer, Michael Lichtenberg, Janne Korhonen, Della Schiava, Ralf Langhoff, Stefano Michelagnoli, Secundino Llagostera, Jose-Maria Romero, Max Amor, Daniel Kretzschmar, Steven Kum, Patrice Mwipatayi, Albert J Smeets, Francisco Javier Serrano Hernando, Jost Philipp Sch\u00e4fer, Gil Marques, Jos C. van den Berg, Ramesh Velu, Karlis Kupcs"}
+{"text": "LSU, rpb2, tub2 and ITS sequence data of representative Xylariales taxa indicated that Diabolocovidia, Didymobotryum and Vamsapriya cluster together and form a distinct clade in Xylariales. Morphological comparison also shows their distinctiveness from other families of Xylariales. Therefore, we introduce it as a novel family, Vamsapriyaceae. Based on morphological characteristics, Podosporium and Tretophragmia, which were previously classified in Ascomycota genera incertae sedis, are now included in the Vamsapriyaceae. In addition, three Vamsapriya species, V. chiangmaiensis sp. nov, V. uniseptata sp. nov, and V. indica are described and illustrated in this paper.Phylogenetic analyses of combined  Xylariales is a large order with both conspicuous and inconspicuous fruiting bodies, and unitunicate, perithecial ascomycetes Index Fungorum number: IF29041; Facesoffungi number: FoF00372Vamsapriya indica Gawas & Bhat, Mycotaxon 94: 150 (2006) [2005]Type species: Saprobic on dead wood. Sexual morph: Ascomata solitary, scattered, immersed, subglobose, black, ostiolate. Peridium thin-walled, brown. Paraphyses hyaline, septate. Asci 8-spored, unitunicate, cylindrical, straight, short pedicellate, with a J+ apical ring. Ascospores uniseriate or overlapping uniseriate, fusiform to broad fusiform, apiosporous, hyaline, pointed at both ends, surrounded by a mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Colonies on natural substrate effuse, black, velvety. Mycelium immersed, septate, branched. Conidiophores macronematous, synnematous, erect, straight or curved, dark brown, cylindrical, septate. Synnemata erect, rigid, dark brown, composed of compact parallel conidiophores. Conidiogenous cells monotretic, integrated, terminal, clavate to cylindrical. Conidia catenate or solitary, acrogenous, cylindrical, oblong, fusiform or obclavate, brown to dark brown, septate, verruculose.Vamsapriya species are reported from tropical and subtropical regions, and most species are found in terrestrial as saprobes Index Fungorum number: IF550801; Facesoffungi number: FoF00374, Figure 3Saprobic on dead bamboo culms. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Colonies effuse, dark brown, hairy. Conidiophores macronematous, synnematous, single, erect, cylindrical, straight or slightly flexuous, dark brown, smooth-walled. Synnemata erect, straight or slightly flexuous, dark brown, rigid, with cylindrical to clavate apical fertile part, composed of compactly arranged conidiophores, 1300\u20131900 um long, 80\u2013150 \u03bcm wide at the base, 30\u201340 \u03bcm wide in the middle, 60\u2013140 \u03bcm wide at the apical fertile region, with basal portion immersed. Conidiogenous cells monotretic, integrated, terminal, brown, cylindrical to clavate, apically rounded, smooth-walled, 4.5\u20138.5 \u00d7 3\u20134.5 \u03bcm (n = 30). Conidia catenate, acrogenous, cylindrical, rounded at the apex, taper and subtruncate at the base, olivaceous brown to brown, 2\u20138-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, smooth, 20\u201348 \u00d7 4.5\u20136.5 \u03bcm (n = 20).Cultural characters: Conidia germinated on PDA within 12 h, germ tubes produced from both ends. Colonies reached 20 mm diam. within four weeks at 26 \u00b0C, cottony, flat, circular, edge entire, white from above, white to yellow from the below.Material examined: Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, Mae Taeng District, Pa Pae, Mushroom Research Center, on bamboo culms, 10 September 2020, H.W. Shen, M38 .Vamsapriya indica is the type species of Vamsapriya Index Fungorum number: IF9487; Facesoffungi number: FoF09931.Saprobic on decaying plants materials in terrestrial habitats. Colonies on natural substrate effuse, brown, velvety. Mycelium mostly immersed, composed of septate, flexuous branched hyphae. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Conidiophores arranged in synnemata, brown, septate, sometimes branched at the apex. Synnemata erect, rigid, brown to dark. Conidiogenous cells mono- or polytretic, integrated or discrete, subulate or cylindrical, darkly pigmented. Conidia solitary, obclavate or bacilliform, multi-septate, brown to dark brown. Sexual morph: Unknown.Podosporium rigidum Schwein.Type species: Podosporium was introduced by Schweinitz Index Fungorum number: IF10265; Facesoffungi number: FoF09932.Saprobic on plants materials in terrestrial habitats. Colonies on natural substrate effuse, dark, velvety. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous. Conidiophores macronematous, synnematous, brown, septate, erect, straight or broadly curved. Synnemata rigid, brown to dark, simple, erect, straight, consisting of a stalk and a capitate, broadened, fertile head. Conidiogenous cells monotretic, subulate or cylindrical, darkly pigmented. Conidia solitary, obclavate to fusiform or irregular in shape, straight, curved or bent, multi-septate, dark brown. Sexual morph: Unknown.Tretophragmia nilgirensis (Subram.) Subram. & NatarajanType species: Tretophragmia was introduced in 1974. The asexual morph of Tretophragmia is similar to Didymobotryum, Podosporium and Vamsapriya, while no sexual morph is reported. Seifert et al. [Tretophragmia as a synonym of Podosporium. However, Tretophragmia is accepted in the Index Fungorum [Tretophragmia have been described [Notes: t et al.  treated Fungorum  and the Fungorum  as a sepescribed  and no sVamsapriya species, V. chiangmaiensis, V. indica and V. uniseptata were collected from bamboo in terrestrial habitats. In our phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, rpb2, tub2 and ITS sequence data, Diabolocovidia, Didymobotryum and Vamsapriya formed a distinct clade in Xylariales. Morphological comparison also shows their distinctiveness from other families in Xylariales. Therefore, we propose Vamsapriyaceae as a new family in Xylariales. The sexual morph of Vamsapriya differs from those of Xylariaceae in having hyaline apiospores [Vamsapriya is similar to Induratiaceae in having 8-spored asci with J+ apical ring and hyaline, apiospores, but Induratia (Induratiaceae) differs in having geniculosporium asexual morphs [Apioclypea is morphologically similar to the sexual morph of Vamsapriya in having 8-spored, pedunculate, cylindrical asci and biseriate, fusiform, hyaline ascospores with a mucilaginous sheath, but its asexual morph is unknown [In this study, three iospores ,30. It il morphs . Apiocly unknown ,21.Clypeosphaeriaceae and Induratiaceae are two other families that are phylogenetically related to Vamsapriyaceae, but they are distinct in morphology. Apioclypea, Aquasphaeria, Brunneiapiospora, Clypeosphaeria, Crassoascus, and Palmaria (Clypeosphaeriaceae) lack asexual morph descriptions and Diabolocovidia, Didymobotryum, Podosporium and Tretophragmia (Vamsapriyaceae) do not have sexual morph descriptions for the comparisons in Diabolocovidia claustri was isolated on leaves of Serenoa repens by Crous et al. [Vamsapriya, they are quite different in morphology. Diabolocovidia has micronematous rather than synnematous conidiophores, blastic rather than tretic conidiogenous cells, and ellipsoid to obovoid, aseptate conidia [Diabolocovidia mixes with synnematous and tretic genera like Didymobotryum and Vamsapriya reminds us of an example that Vanakripa with blastic conidiogenous resides in the phialidic genus Conioscypha [D. claustri is the only species represented by one isolate in Diabolocovidia, we suggest using more collections to confirm its phylogenetic placement in the future.s et al. . Althoug conidia . The pheioscypha . These pVamsapriya, Gawas and Bhat [Vamsapriya  exhibits a combination of morphological characters of Didymobotryum  [Podosporium  [V. uniseptata resembles species of Didymobotryum in having catenate, oblong, and 1-septate conidia, but it clusters with the type species of Vamsapriya, V. indica. Vamsapriya breviconidiophora and V. yunnana resemble Podosporium species in having obclavate, solitary, and multi-septate conidia, but they are grouped with V. aquatica, which has catenate, cylindrical to obclavate, multi-septate conidia in the phylogenetic tree. Either the authors did not follow the generic concepts strictly when introducing species, or these three genera are probably congeneric. We tend to infer the latter; however, the conclusion requires a detailed re-examination of herbarium specimens and molecular data.When introducing and Bhat  pointed sporous) ,53,54 ansporous) ,61,63. H"}
+{"text": "Correction to: Arthritis Res Ther 23, 210 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-021-02593-wFollowing publication of the original article , the autWe would like to thank the PREVeNT-RA participants and principal investigators as follows: Dr Michael Batley - Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Dr Marwan Bukhari - Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, Dr James Burns - Antrim Area Hospital, Northern Ireland, Dr Lucy Coates - Tameside General Hospital, Manchester, Dr Andrew Cope - Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, Dr Emily Deeney - Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead, Dr Karen Douglas - Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, Dr Paul Emery - Leeds Teaching Hospital, Dr Andrew Filer - Birmingham Queen Elizabeth hospital, Dr Charlotte Filer - Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport, Dr James Galloway - Kings College hospital, London, Dr Phillip Gardiner - Altnagelvin Hospital , Northern Ireland, Dr John Isaacs - Freeman Hospital, Newcastle, Dr Rachel Jeffrey - Northampton General Hospital, Dr Sophia Khan - Heart of England NHS foundation Trust, Solihull, Dr Suzanne Lane - Ipswich Hospital, Suffolk, Dr Sara Littlejohns - North Devon District Hospital, Barnstable, Dr Kirsten Mackay - Torbay Hospital, Torquay, Dr Nicola Maiden - Craigavon Area Hospital, Portadown, Dr Tarnya Marshall - Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norfolk, Dr Sophia Naz - Fairfield General Hospital, Bury, Dr Sophia Naz - North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, Dr Terence O'Neill - Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, Dr Ira Pande - Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, Dr Yusef Patel - Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, Dr Anandita Paul - Bolton NHS Foundation Trust, Dr John Pauling - Royal National Mineral Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, Dr Adrian Peall - The County Hospital, Hereford, Dr Suzannah Pegler - Great Western Hospital, Swindon, Dr Helen Prady - Warrington and Halton Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Warrington, Dr Karim Raza - Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, Dr Lindsay Robertson - Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, Dr Richard Smith - Salisbury District Hospital, Wiltshire, Dr Peter Taylor - Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Dr Julia Taylor - Poole Hospital, Dorset, Jessica Thrush - Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Redditch Dr Lisa Trembath - Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Professor David Walsh - Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Nottinghamshire, Dr Pippa Watson - Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Professor Simon Bowman - Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Milton Keynes, Helena Cox - Burton Hospitals  & Royal Derby Hospital, Dr Emily Deeney - Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, Dr Sam Hider - Haywood Hospital, Stoke, Dr Cath Lawson - Harrogate District Hospital, Harrogate, Dr Paul McCabe - Trafford General Hospital, Manchester, Dr Constantino Pitzalis - Mile End Hospital, London, Dr Lee Suan - The Royal Blackburn Hospital, Blackburn, Dr Louise Warburton - Shropshire Community Health NHS Trust, Shrewsbury.The original article  has been"}
+{"text": "BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers.Recent population-based female breast cancer and prostate cancer polygenic risk scores (PRS) have been developed. We assessed the associations of these PRS with breast and prostate cancer risks for male BRCA1 and 1318 BRCA2 European ancestry male carriers were available from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). A 147-single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) prostate cancer PRS (PRSPC) and a 313-SNP breast cancer PRS were evaluated. There were 3 versions of the breast cancer PRS, optimized to predict overall (PRSBC), estrogen receptor (ER)\u2013negative (PRSER-), or ER-positive (PRSER+) breast cancer risk.483 ER+ yielded the strongest association with breast cancer risk. The odds ratios (ORs) per PRSER+ standard deviation estimates were 1.40  for BRCA1 and 1.33 (95% CI = 1.16 to 1.52) for BRCA2 carriers. PRSPC was associated with prostate cancer risk for BRCA1  and BRCA2  carriers. The estimated breast cancer odds ratios were larger after adjusting for female relative breast cancer family history. By age 85\u2009years, for BRCA2 carriers, the breast cancer risk varied from 7.7% to 18.4% and prostate cancer risk from 34.1% to 87.6% between the 5th and 95th percentiles of the PRS distributions.PRSBRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. These findings warrant further investigation aimed at providing personalized cancer risks for male carriers and informing clinical management.Population-based prostate and female breast cancer PRS are associated with a wide range of absolute breast and prostate cancer risks for male  BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants are associated with increased male breast cancer and prostate cancer risks  that combine the effects of multiple disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provide marked cancer risk stratification in the general population ,15 and Bcarriers . Our prek levels . Recent k levels ,20 and hk levels .The Breast Cancer Association Consortium recently developed and validated a 313-SNP PRS in European ancestry women, which was further optimized to predict estrogen receptor (ER)\u2013specific disease . The estBRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers are likely to benefit from more personalized breast and prostate cancer risk estimates . We used the results to estimate age-specific absolute risks of developing breast and prostate cancers for male carriers by PRS distribution percentiles.Here, we assessed the associations of the newly developed 313-SNP breast cancer PRS and 147-SNP prostate cancer PRS derived using population-based data, with breast and prostate cancer risks, respectively, for male Statistical analyses were performed using R-3.6.3  (commands can be found in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers were recruited through 40 studies from 19 countries participating in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (CIMBA)  . The maj (CIMBA) . When a eviously  and in SBRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants (detailed pathogenicity description: http://cimba.ccge.medschl.cam.ac.uk/files/CIMBA_Mutation_Classification_guidelines_May16.pdf) were categorized according to their known or predicted effect on protein function: class I included loss-of-function variants expected to yield unstable or no protein; class II included variants likely to produce stable mutant proteins , ER-negative (PRSER-), and ER-positive (PRSER+) breast cancer (PC) was scaled to the standard deviation calculated from population-based controls  and Gleason scores of 7 or greater (cases).To assess the PRSDiscriminatory ability of each PRS was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC). Under the sampling design, the majority of male carriers were identified through clinical genetics. Therefore, the majority of both affected and unaffected carriers are expected to have family history of cancer. To determine whether this introduces any biases in the PRS associations, we fitted models that were adjusted for family history in first- and second-degree relatives.To determine whether PRS associations varied by age (continuous), pathogenic variant location, or pathogenic variant effects on protein function (class I or class II variants), we estimated interaction terms between these factors with the PRS, and statistical significance was assessed using likelihood ratio tests (LRT). Pathogenic variants were categorized based on previously reported nucleotide position differences in breast and ovarian, or prostate cancer risks .We undertook a sensitivity analysis to test for PRS heterogeneity across study countries  and 1318 BRCA2 (244 breast and 141 prostate cancer cases) carriers of European ancestry  and BRCA2  carriers. The PRSBC resulted in nearly identical associations as the PRSER+. There was no statistically significant evidence that the PRSER+ associations differed by country  compared with men in the lowest quartile . The odds ratio for the association between the PRSER+ to discriminate between controls and breast cancer cases was estimated as an AUC of 0.60 (95% CI = 0.51 to 0.69) for BRCA1 and 0.59 (95% CI = 0.55 to 0.63) for BRCA2 carriers.The ability of PRSPC and prostate cancer risk for male carriers are reported in PC standard deviation were estimated to be 1.73 (95% CI = 1.28 to 2.33) for BRCA1 and 1.60 (95% CI = 1.34 to 1.91) for BRCA2 carriers. There was no statistically significant evidence that the PRSPC associations differed by country  compared with men in the lowest quartile , also supported by the case-only analysis  for BRCA1 and 0.62 (95% CI = 0.57 to 0.67) for BRCA2 carriers.The PRSER+ associations with breast cancer risk  carriers compared with class I BRCA1 and BRCA2 variant carriers (LRT \u2265 .26).The PRScarriers . HoweverER+ (PLRT \u2265 .61) or PRSPC (PLRT = .52) associations differed by the pathogenic variant location in the gene  for BRCA1 carriers. This pattern was not observed for BRCA2 carriers, who tend to develop more aggressive disease  under IG 2018 - ID. 21389 and the Italian League for the Fight Against Cancer (LILT) under IG 2019 projects, P.I. Ottini Laura and Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research-Dipartimenti di Eccellenza-L. 232/2016. CIMBA: GCT is a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Research Fellow. iCOGS and OncoArray data: the European Community\u2019s Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement No. 223175 (HEALTH-F2-2009-223175) (COGS), Cancer Research UK , the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (CA128978) and Post-Cancer GWAS initiative , the Department of Defence (W81XWH-10-1-0341), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) for the CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer (CRN-87521), and the Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade (PSR-SIIRI-701), Komen Foundation for the Cure, the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, and the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund. The Personalized Risk Stratification for Prevention and Early Detection of Breast Cancer (PERSPECTIVE) and PERSPECTIVE I&I projects were supported by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Ministry of Economy and Innovation through Genome Qu\u00e9bec, and The Quebec Breast Cancer Foundation and the Ontario Research Fund. Breast Cancer Family Registry (BCFR): UM1 CA164920 from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Baltic Familial Breast Ovarian Cancer Consortium (BFBOCC): Lithuania (BFBOCC-LT): Research Council of Lithuania grant SEN-18/2015. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC): Breast Cancer Research Foundation. BRCA-gene mutations and breast cancer in South African women (BMBSA): Cancer Association of South Africa (PI Elizabeth J. van Rensburg). Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO): Spanish Ministry of Health PI16/00440 supported by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) funds, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) SAF2014-57680-R and the Spanish Research Network on Rare diseases (CIBERER). City of Hope - Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network (COH-CCGCRN): Research reported in this publication was supported by the NCI of the NIH under grant No. R25CA112486, and RC4CA153828 (PI: J. Weitzel) from the NCI and the Office of the Director, NIH. CONsorzio Studi ITaliani sui Tumori Ereditari Alla Mammella (CONSIT TEAM): Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro  to P. Radice. Funds from Italian citizens who allocated the 5x1000 share of their tax payment in support of the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, according to Italian laws  to S. Manoukian. Associazione CAOS Varese to M.G. Tibiletti. AIRC (IG2015 No.16732) to P. Peterlongo. National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos (DEMOKRITOS): European Union  and Greek national funds through the Operational Program \u201cEducation and Lifelong Learning\u201d of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) - Research Funding Program of the General Secretariat for Research & Technology: SYN11_10_19 NBCA. Investing in knowledge society through the European Social Fund. German Cancer Research Center (DFKZ): German Cancer Research Center. Epidemiological Study of Familial Breast Cancer (EMBRACE): Cancer Research UK Grants C1287/A10118 and C1287/A11990. D. Gareth Evans and Fiona Lalloo are supported by an National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) grant to the Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester. The Investigators at The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust are supported by an NIHR grant to the Biomedical Research Centre at The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust. Ros Eeles and Elizabeth Bancroft are supported by Cancer Research UK Grant C5047/A8385. Ros Eeles is also supported by NIHR support to the Biomedical Research Centre at The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust. Fox Chase Cancer Center (FCCC): The University of Kansas Cancer Center (P30 CA168524) and the Kansas Bioscience Authority Eminent Scholar Program. AKG was in part funded by the NCI (R01 CA214545 and R01 CA140323), The Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine (P20 GM130423), and the Kansas Bioscience Authority Eminent Scholar Program. A.K.G. is the Chancellors Distinguished Chair in Biomedical Sciences Professor. Fundaci\u00f3n P\u00fablica Galega de Medicina Xen\u00f3mica (FPGMX): FISPI05/2275 and Mutua Madrile\u00f1a Foundation (FMMA). German Familial Breast Group (GC-HBOC): German Cancer Aid  and the European Regional Development Fund and Free State of Saxony, Germany . Genetic Modifiers of cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (GEMO): Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer; the Association \u201cLe cancer du sein, parlons-en!\u201d Award, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research for the \u201cCIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer\u201d program and the French National Institute of Cancer (INCa grants 2013-1-BCB-01-ICH-1 and SHS-E-SP 18-015). Georgetown University (GEORGETOWN): the Non-Therapeutic Subject Registry Shared Resource at Georgetown University (NIH/NCI grant P30-CA051008), the Fisher Center for Hereditary Cancer and Clinical Genomics Research, and Swing Fore the Cure. Ghent University Hospital (G-FAST): Bruce Poppe is a senior clinical investigator of FWO. Mattias Van Heetvelde obtained funding from IWT. Hospital Clinico San Carlos (HCSC): Spanish Ministry of Health PI15/00059, PI16/01292, and CB-161200301 CIBERONC from ISCIII (Spain), partially supported by European Regional Development FEDER funds. Helsinki Breast Cancer Study (HEBCS): Helsinki University Hospital Research Fund, the Finnish Cancer Society and the Sigrid Juselius Foundation. Hereditary Breast and Ovarian cancer study the Netherlands (HEBON): the Dutch Cancer Society grants NKI1998-1854, NKI2004-3088, NKI2007-3756, the Netherlands Organization of Scientific Research grant NWO 91109024, the Pink Ribbon grants 110005 and 2014-187.WO76, the Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (BBMRI) grant NWO 184.021.007/CP46 and the Transcan grant JTC 2012 Cancer 12-054. HEBON thanks the registration teams of Dutch Cancer Registry  and the Dutch Pathology database  for part of the data collection. Study of Genetic Mutations in Breast and Ovarian Cancer patients in Hong Kong and Asia (HRBCP): Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Dr Ellen Li Charitable Foundation, The Kerry Group Kuok Foundation, National Institute of Health1R 03CA130065, and North California Cancer Center. Molecular Genetic Studies of Breast- and Ovarian Cancer in Hungary (HUNBOCS): Hungarian Research Grants KTIA-OTKA CK-80745 and NKFI_OTKA K-112228. Institut Catal\u00e0 d\u2019Oncologia (ICO): The authors would like to particularly acknowledge the support of the Asociaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola Contra el C\u00e1ncer (AECC), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III  and \u201cFEDER, una manera de hacer Europa\u201d  and the Institut Catal\u00e0 de la Salut and Autonomous Government of Catalonia . International Hereditary Cancer Centre (IHCC): PBZ_KBN_122/P05/2004. Iceland Landspitali \u2013 University Hospital (ILUH): Icelandic Association \u201cWalking for Breast Cancer Research\u201d and by the Landspitali University Hospital Research Fund. INterdisciplinary HEalth Research Internal Team BReast CAncer susceptibility (INHERIT): Canadian Institutes of Health Research for the \u201cCIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer\u201d program\u2014grant No. CRN-87521 and the Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade\u2014grant No. PSR-SIIRI-701. Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOVHBOCS): Ministero della Salute and \u201c5x1000\u201d Istituto Oncologico Veneto grant. Portuguese Oncology Institute-Porto Breast Cancer Study (IPOBCS): Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro. Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFab): The National Breast Cancer Foundation, and previously by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), the Queensland Cancer Fund, the Cancer Councils of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia, and the Cancer Foundation of Western Australia. Korean Hereditary Breast Cancer Study (KOHBRA): the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), and the National R&D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea . Mayo Clinic (MAYO): NIH grants CA116167, CA192393 and CA176785, an NCI Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) in Breast Cancer (CA116201), and a grant from the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. McGill University (MCGILL): Jewish General Hospital Weekend to End Breast Cancer, Quebec Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade. Marc Tischkowitz is supported by the funded by the European Union Seventh Framework Program (2007Y2013)/European Research Council (Grant No. 310018). Modifier Study of Quantitative Effects on Disease (MODSQUAD): MH CZ\u2014DRO , MEYS\u2014NPS I\u2014LO1413 to LF, and by Charles University in Prague project UNCE204024 (MZ). Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC): the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, the Robert and Kate Niehaus Clinical Cancer Genetics Initiative, the Andrew Sabin Research Fund and a Cancer Center Support Grant/Core Grant (P30 CA008748). Women\u2019s College Research Institute Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Study (NAROD): 1R01 CA149429-01. National Cancer Institute (NCI): the Intramural Research Program of the US NCI, NIH, and by support services contracts NO2-CP-11019-50, N02-CP-21013-63 and N02-CP-65504 with Westat, Inc, Rockville, MD. National Israeli Cancer Control Center (NICCC): Clalit Health Services in Israel, the Israel Cancer Association and the Breast Cancer Research Foundation (BCRF), NY. N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology (NNPIO): the Russian Foundation for Basic Research . NRG Oncology: U10 CA180868, NRG SDMC grant U10 CA180822, NRG Administrative Office and the NRG Tissue Bank (CA 27469), the NRG Statistical and Data Center (CA 37517) and the Intramural Research Program, NCI. The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center (OSUCCG): Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center. Universit\u00e0 di Pisa (PBCS): AIRC [IG 2013\u2009N.14477] and Tuscany Institute for Tumors (ITT) grant 2014-2015-2016. South East Asian Breast Cancer Association Study (SEABASS): Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Ministry of Higher Education (UM.C/HlR/MOHE/06) and Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation. Sheba Medical Centre (SMC): the Israeli Cancer Association. Swedish Breast Cancer Study (SWE-BRCA): the Swedish Cancer Society. University of Chicago (UCHICAGO): NCI Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) in Breast Cancer (CA125183), R01 CA142996, 1U01CA161032 and by the Ralph and Marion Falk Medical Research Trust, the Entertainment Industry Fund National Women\u2019s Cancer Research Alliance and the Breast Cancer research Foundation. OIO is an American Cancer Society (ACS) Clinical Research Professor. University of California Los Angeles (UCLA): Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Foundation; Breast Cancer Research Foundation. University of California San Francisco (UCSF): UCSF Cancer Risk Program and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center. UK Familial Ovarian Cancer Registry (UKFOCR): Cancer Research UK. University of Pennsylvania (UPENN): NIH (R01-CA102776 and R01-CA083855); Breast Cancer Research Foundation; Susan G. Komen Foundation for the cure, Basser Research Center for BRCA. Cancer Family Registry University of Pittsburg (UPITT/MWH): Hackers for Hope Pittsburgh. Victorian Familial Cancer Trials Group (VFCTG): Victorian Cancer Agency, Cancer Australia, National Breast Cancer Foundation. Women\u2019s Cancer Program at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (WCP): Dr Karlan is funded by the ACS Early Detection Professorship (SIOP-06-258-01-COUN) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Grant UL1TR000124. TN-D is a recipient of a Career Development Fellow from the National Breast Cancer Foundation .Role of the funders: The study sponsors had no role in the design of the study; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; the writing of the manuscript; and the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.Disclosures: ILA has received funding from the NIH. NA has received lecture fees from AstraZeneca and Clovis Oncology. \u00c5B has received personal honoraria for lectures at courses in tumor biology and genetics for medical students and physicians, courses organized by AstraZeneca and Roche. LC has received honoraria from AstraZeneca, MSD, Pfizer and Novartis. SMD has received honoraria from AstraZeneca. CE received funding from German Cancer Aid. DGE has received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Springworks and Cerexis. AKG has received funding from the NIH, NCI, and NIGMS and honoraria from VITRAC Therapeutics and NanoString Technologies, and is co-founder of Sinochips Diagnostics. TVOH has received lecture honoraria from Pfizer. GK received advisory board honoraria from AstraZeneca, Sanofi-Aventis, Janssen, Bayer, AMGEN, Ferring and Astellas. H.N has funding from the Helsinki University Hospital Research Fund, The Sigrid Juselius Foundation, The Finnish Cancer Society and honoraria from AstraZeneca. OIO is co-Founder of Cancer IQ and serves on the boards of 54gene and Tempus. ZS\u2019s immediate family member received consulting fees from Genentech/Roche, Novartis, RegenexBio, Neurogene, Optos Plc, Regeneron, Allergan, Gyroscope Tx and Adverum. L.S has received funding from the NCI paid to institution. AET has received funding from the NCI paid to institution. ATo has received honoraria from Lilly, Roche, Novartis and MSD. JV has received funding from the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. FJC has received funding from the NIH and the Breast Cancer Research Foundation paid to institution. RKS has received funding from German Cancer Aid. JS has received funding from the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019\u00c9conomie et de l\u2019Innovation du Qu\u00e9bec through Genome Qu\u00e9bec, the Quebec Breast Cancer Foundation, the CHU de Quebec Foundation, and the Ontario Research Fund. DFE has received funding from Cancer Research UK paid to institution. ACA is listed as creator of the BOADICEA algorithm, which has been licensed to Cambridge Enterprise. LO has received funding from the Italian Association for Cancer Research. All other authors have no disclosures.Author contributions: Conceptualization: GC-T, ACA and LO. Data curation: DRB, GL, LMc, JD and XY. Formal analysis: DRB and VS. Funding acquisition: KO, MTh, FJC, RKS, JS, DFE, GC-T, ACA and LO. Investigation: DRB, VS, JAd, BAA, MA, KA, ILA, AA, NA, BA, JAz, JBal, RBB, DB, JBar, MB, JBe, PBe, SEB, \u00c5B, ABo, ABr, PBr, CB, JBr, ABu, SSB, TC, MAC, IC, HC, LLC, GC, KBMC, JC, AC, LC, GD, ED, RD, MDLH, KDL, RDP, JDV, OD, YCD, SMD, AD, JE, RE, CE, DGE, LF, FF, MF, DF, DG, AG, SG, GG, AKG, DEG, MHG, HG, EG, EH, UH, TVOH, HH, JHe, JHo, LI, AI, PAJ, RJ, UBJ, OTJ, EMJ, GK, LK, TAK, CLau, CLaz, FL, AL-F, PLM, SM, ZM, LMa, KNM, NM, AMe, MM, ANM, PJM, TAM, AMu, KLN, SLN, HN, TN-D, DN, EO, OIO, DP, MTP, ISP, BP, PP-S, PPe, AHP, PPi, MEP, CP, MAP, PR, JRam, JRan, MR, MTR, KR, AR, AMSDA, PDS, SS, LES, CFS, ZS, LS, DS-L, CS, YYT, MRT, ATe, DLT, MTi, AET, ST, ATo, AHT, VT, VV, CJVA, MV, AV, JV, LW, SW-G, BW, AW, IZ, KO, MTh, FJC, RKS, JS, DFE, GC-T, ACA and LO. Methodology: DRB, VS, ACA and LO. Project administration: GL, LMc, ACA and LO. Resources: JAd, BAA, MA, KA, ILA, AA, NA, BA, JAz, JBal, RBB, DB, JBar, MB, JBe, PBe, SEB, \u00c5B, ABo, ABr, PBr, CB, JBr, ABu, SSB, TC, MAC, IC, HC, LLC, GC, KBMC, JC, AC, LC, GD, ED, RD, MDLH, KDL, RDP, JDV, OD, YCD, SMD, AD, JE, RE, CE, DGE, LF, FF, MF, DF, DG, AG, SG, GG, AKG, DEG, MHG, HG, EG, EH, UH, TVOH, HH, JHe, JHo, LI, AI, PAJ, RJ, UBJ, OTJ, EMJ, GK, LK, TAK, CLau, CLaz, FL, AL-F, PLM, SM, ZM, LMa, KNM, NM, AMe, MM, ANM, PJM, TAM, AMu, KLN, SLN, HN, TN-D, DN, EO, OIO, DP, MTP, ISP, BP, PP-S, PPe, AHP, PPi, MEP, CP, MAP, PR, JRam, JRan, MR, MTR, KR, AR, AMSDA, PDS, SS, LES, CFS, ZS, LS, DS-L, CS, YYT, MRT, ATe, DLT, MTi, AET, ST, ATo, AHT, VT, VV, CJVA, MV, AV, JV, LW, SW-G, BW, AW, IZ, KO, MTh, FJC, RKS, JS, DFE, GC-T, ACA and LO. Software: DRB. Supervision: ACA and LO. Visualization: DRB. Writing\u2014original draft: DRB, VS, ACA and LO. Writing\u2014review & editing: DRB, VS, GL, LMc, JD, XY, JAd, BAA, MA, KA, ILA, AA, NA, BA, JAz, JBal, RBB, DB, JBar, MB, JBe, PBe, SEB, \u00c5B, ABo, ABr, PBr, CB, JBr, ABu, SSB, TC, MAC, IC, HC, LLC, GC, KBMC, JC, AC, LC, GD, ED, RD, MDLH, KDL, RDP, JDV, OD, YCD, SMD, AD, JE, RE, CE, DGE, LF, FF, MF, DF, DG, AG, SG, GG, AKG, DEG, MHG, HG, EG, EH, UH, TVOH, HH, JHe, JHo, LI, AI, PAJ, RJ, UBJ, OTJ, EMJ, GK, LK, TAK, CLau, CLaz, FL, AL-F, PLM, SM, ZM, LMa, KNM, NM, AMe, MM, ANM, PJM, TAM, AMu, KLN, SLN, HN, TN-D, DN, EO, OIO, DP, MTP, ISP, BP, PP-S, PPe, AHP, PPi, MEP, CP, MAP, PR, JRam, JRan, MR, MTR, KR, AR, AMSDA, PDS, SS, LES, CFS, ZS, LS, DS-L, CS, YYT, MRT, ATe, DLT, MTi, AET, ST, ATo, AHT, VT, VV, CJVA, MV, AV, JV, LW, SW-G, BW, AW, IZ, KO, MTh, FJC, RKS, JS, DFE, GC-T, ACA and LO.djab147_Supplementary_DataClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "The article, Japan Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines 2017 for fertility preservation in childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer patients: part 2 written by Akiko Tozawa, Fuminori Kimura, Yasushi Takai, Takeshi Nakajima, Kimio Ushijima, Hiroaki Kobayashi, Toyomi Satoh, Miyuki Harada, Kohei Sugimoto, Shigehira Saji, Chikako Shimizu, Kyoko Akiyama, Hiroko Bando, Akira Kuwahara, Tatsuro Furui, Hiroshi Okada, Koji Kawai, Nobuo Shinohara, Koichi Nagao, Michio Kitajima, Souichi Suenobu,Toshinori Soejima, Mitsuru Miyachi, Yoko Miyoshi, Akihiro Yoneda, Akihito Horie,Yasushi Ishida, Noriko Usui, Yoshinobu Kanda, Nobuharu Fujii, Makoto Endo, Robert Nakayama, Manabu Hoshi, Tsukasa Yonemoto, Chikako Kiyotani, Natsuko Okita, Eishi Baba, Manabu Muto, Iwaho Kikuchi, Ken\u2011ichirou Morishige, Koichiro Tsugawa, Hiroyuki Nishiyama, Hajime Hosoi, Mitsune Tanimoto, Akira Kawai, Kazuhiko Sugiyama, Narikazu Boku, Masato Yonemura, Naoko Hayashi, Daisuke Aoki, Nao Suzuki, Yutaka Osuga was originally published Online First without Open Access.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.With the author(s)\u2019 decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on February 14, 2022 to \u00a9 Author(s) 2021 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by well-demarcated scaly plaques. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the psoriasis pathogenesis and is associated with the disease severity. Dimethyl fumarate modulates the activity of the pro-inflammatory transcription factors. This is responsible for the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and an overall shift from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory/regulatory response. Both steps are necessary for the amelioration of psoriatic inflammation, although additional mechanisms have been proposed. Several studies reported a long-term effectiveness and safety of dimethyl fumarate monotherapy in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Furthermore, psoriasis is a chronic disease often associated to metabolic comorbidities, as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, in which glutathione-S transferase deregulation is present. Glutathione-S transferase is involved in the antioxidant system. An increase of its activity in psoriatic epidermis in comparison with the uninvolved and normal epidermal biopsies has been reported. Dimethyl fumarate depletes glutathione-S transferase by formation of covalently linked conjugates. This review investigates the anti-inflammatory role of dimethyl fumarate in oxidative stress and its effect by reducing oxidative stress. The glutathione-S transferase regulation is helpful in treating psoriasis, with an anti-inflammatory effect on the keratinocytes hyperproliferation, and in modulation of metabolic comorbidities. The MMFceptor 2 . Such ims of DMF . Recent s of DMF . Some ofs of DMF . Importauccinate , 43. Prouccinate . This evpulation . A metabpulation . The DMFresponse . Immune obtained . Fumaratobtained . Upon DMobtained . Besidesobtained \u201354, like adducts , and thi adducts , 56, mak adducts .Several studies have demonstrated that glutathione binding to DNA is able to regulate Nf-\u03baB proinflammatory activity. In particular, the Nf-\u03baB complex and the upstream proteins, as TRAF6, are negatively regulated by glutathione . GeneticGlutathione plasmic levels and GP activity in patients with psoriasis were significantly lower than in general population . ConsequGlutathione intracellular depletion in human antigen-presenting cells causes IL-10 production, with immuno-modulatory action, instead of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-23, responsible for Th1/Th17 immune system response switch in psoriasis. In this context, DMF promotes Th2 cell differentiation, with immunoregulatory functions .In summary, the rationale of employing DMF in psoriasis consists in reducing cellular inflammation both by decreasing glutathione intracellular levels and by inducing a switch in immune response toward an anti-inflammatory/immunoregulatory setting , 69. EurPatients with psoriasis are characterized by a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome . In partConceptualization was contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, TC, DL, GC, CL, VM, RG, FP, FCo, KA, and LB. Methodology was contributed by EC, MD, AD, TC, DL, GC, CL, VM, RG, FP, FCo, FCi, KA, and LB. Validation was contributed by EC, SM, MD, TC, DL, GC, CL, VM, RG, FP, FCo, FCi, KA, and LB. Formal analysis was contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, DL, GC, CL, VM, RG, FP, FCo, KA, and LB. Investigation was contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, TC, GC, CL, VM, RG, FP, FCo, KA, and LB. Resources was contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, TC, DL, CL, VM, RG, FP, FCo, KA, and LB. Data curation was contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, TC, DL, GC, VM, RG, FP, FCo, KA, and LB. Writing\u2014original draft preparation was contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, TC, DL, GC, CL, RG, FP, FCo, KA, and LB. Writing\u2014review and editing were contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, TC, DL, GC, CL, VM, FP, FCo, FCi, KA, and LB. Visualization was contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, TC, DL, GC, CL, VM, RG, FCo, KA, and LB. Supervision was contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, TC, DL, GC, CL, VM, RG, FP, FCi, KA, and LB. Project administration was contributed by EC, SM, MD, AD, TC, DL, GC, CL, VM, RG, FP, FCo, and LB. All authors approved the submitted version and agreed to be personally accountable for the author's own contributions and for ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work, even ones in which the author was not personally involved, are appropriately investigated, resolved, and documented in the literature.This study received funding from Almirall S.p.A. The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article or the decision to submit it for publication.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher."}
+{"text": "Objective: To assess current management of diverticulitis in Switzerland.Methods: Prospective observational study of diverticulitis management and outcomes in surgical departments over a 3-month time period. Hospital category was graded according to the Swiss Medical Association (FMH) as: U: University; A: Cantonal; B: Regional; P: Private.Results: 75 participating hospitals treated 1,015 patients, among whom 214 patients (21%) had elective sigmoid resections in 49 hospitals. Indication for elective resection were recurrent diverticulitis, previous complicated diverticulitis, fistulas, and stenosis. Surgeries were performed completely laparoscopically in 185 cases (86%) and required conversion to open in 19 cases (9%). Overall postoperative complication rate was 18% (n = 39) and no mortality was observed. Operation time, surgeons experience and hospital stay differed considerably between hospital categories.Conclusions: Elective sigmoid resection for diverticulitis in Switzerland was mainly performed laparoscopically with low postoperative morbidity. Different practices and outcomes between institutions were observed. Traditionally, surgical resection was offered after the 2nd or 3rd episode of simple acute diverticulitis, in order to prevent recurrence and more serious forms , 2. CohoThe Swiss healthcare system is a public-private mix. Health care providers such as doctors and hospitals are partly private and public. In addition, care is the responsibility of the cantons, but certain aspects are regulated at the federal level. Every citizen is obligatorily covered by a basic insurance and pays monthly premiums to the health insurance of his choice. Basic insurance covers efficient and economical services which are defined by legal regulations. In order to supplement the basic insurance benefits, a citizen can take out an additional private insurance, which covers additional services in hospitals or private clinics, with free choice of location and caregiver. In principle, surgical residencies take place in University hospitals, and surgeons who work in public hospitals do not work in private hospitals.Considering these variations in the health system and the latest published management recommendations, the aim of the present study was to assess practice and outcomes of elective surgery for diverticulitis among different institutions in Switzerland over a specific previous period.This study assessed secondary outcomes of a prospective observational Swiss Snapshot Diverticulitis study which assessed the in-hospital management of colonic diverticulitis in surgical departments in Switzerland over a 3-month time period in 2014 . Particip \u2264 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analyses performed using SPSS 26.0 software .Descriptive statistics for categorical variables were reported as number and percentage, while continuous variables were reported mean and standard deviation. Continuous variables were compared with the Kruskal\u2013Wallis test, while categorial variables were compared with the Pearson's chi square test. A n = 209, 98%). Surgeries were performed completely laparoscopically in 185 cases (86%) and required conversion to open in 19 cases (9%). The reasons for conversion were adhesions (n = 10), local inflammation (n = 5), inflammatory fistulas (n = 2), patient obesity (n = 1), and a ruptured suture line (n = 1). Nine complications occurred intraoperatively (4%), in particular spleen decapsulation (n = 3), anastomotic leakage at air test (n = 3), rectal perforation (n = 2), and small bowel perforation (n = 1).During study period, 75 participating hospitals treated 1,015 patients, among whom 214 patients (21%) had elective sigmoid resections in 49 hospitals. Indication for elective resection were recurrent diverticulitis, previous complicated diverticulitis, fistulas, and stenosis, which varied between categories of hospitals . Most pen = 39). Major complications occurred in eight patients (4%) and no mortality was observed. Surgical site infections occurred in 13 patients (6%), anastomotic leak in five patients (2%), bleeding in eight patients (4%), and postoperative ileus in five patients (2%).Overall postoperative complication rate was 18% , regardless of the type of hospital. This is a validated approach with increasing popularity in recent years, and it seems indicated on patients with recurrent disease or persistent symptoms after uncomplicated and complicated diverticulitis in order to improve their quality of life %, regard.The aim of elective surgical treatment of diverticular disease is the removal of the disease with prevention of its recurrence and restoration of bowel continuity whenever possible . There aRegarding the surgical approach, a systematic review of randomized controlled trials showed that there was insufficient evidence to support the efficacy and safety of laparoscopy compared to open surgery . HoweverSeveral limitations of the present study need to be addressed. First, there may be a selection bias, which limits generalization. Indeed, more health-conscious surgeons may choose to participate in studies assessing practices and outcomes. The inclusion of qualitative aspects focusing on patient and care provider perspectives on the elective management of diverticulitis would have been interesting and should be planned in future research. Lastly, the study provides a glimpse of what was happening in 2014, but probably the practices are the same nowadays. Two international guidelines were updated in 2020 , 8, howeIn conclusion, elective sigmoid resection for diverticulitis in Switzerland was mainly performed laparoscopically with low conversion and complication rates, and different practices and outcomes between institutions were observed.The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Commission cantonale d'\u00e9thique de la recherche sur l'\u00eatre humain CER-VD, protocol 68/14. The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.SF, MH, ND, DH, and DM: study design, manuscript writing, and critical revision of the manuscript. SF, MH, and DH: data collection. DM: statistical analysis. ND: supervision. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.Swiss Snapshot Diverticulitis Group: Paolo Abitabile, Dritan Abrazhda, Michele Arigoni, Vahid Bakhshi-Tahami, Jean-Pierre Barras, Thomas Beck, Vincent Bettschart, Paul Biegger, Karin Bl\u00e4uer, Stefan Breitenstein, Franziska Brinkmann, Lukas Br\u00fcgger, Hans Brunner, Walter Brunner, Claude Bussard, Jean-Marie Calmes, Jean-Pierre Chevalley, Michael Chilcott, Denis Christinaz, Dimitri Christoforidis, Carlo Coduri, Nadine Crivelli, Aris D'Ambrogio, Branimir Damjanovic, Wiebke Decking, Diego De Lorenzi, Charles de Montmollin, Sona Deretti, Alexandre Descloux, Urs Diener, Marco Di Lazzaro, Luca Di Mare, Rok Dolanc, Andrea Donadini, Georg Donner, Bernhard Egger, Michel Erne, Fabrizio Fasolini, Charlotte-Ulrike Finkenzeller, Ivo Ralf Fischer, Daniel Frey, Raffaele Galli, Walter Gantert, Alain Garcia, J\u00f6rg Genstorfer, Pascal Gervaz, Bijan Ghavami, Nicola Ghisletta, Duri Gianom-Campell, Mauro Giuliani, Christine Glaser, Emanuel Gm\u00fcr, Federico Goti, J\u00fcrg Gresser, Felix Grieder, Gerald Gubler, Adriano Guerra, Silvio Gujer, J\u00fcrg Gurzeler, Susanne Habelt, Peter H\u00e4fliger, Andres Heigl, Dominik Heim, Juliette Henri, Mark Henschel, Rudolf Herzig, Franc Hetzer, Henry Hoffmann, Markus Huber, Regula Humm, Adrienne Imhof, Daniel Inderbitzin, Manuel Jakob, Renata Jori, Philomena Kastner, Andreas Keerl, Ulf Kessler, Philipp Kirchhoff, Jennifer Klasen, Katrin Kleinschmidt, J\u00fcrg Knaus, Markus Koch, Michael Kodsi, Erwin Kohlberger, Stefan Kull, Beat K\u00fcnzli, Sebastian Lamm, St\u00e9phanie Laperrousaz, Andr\u00e9 Leuenberger, Patrick M\u00e4der, Styliani Mantziari, Florian Martens, Lukas Marti, Olivier Martinet, Jean M\u00e9gevand, Gian Melcher, Antoine Meyer, Pierre Meyer, Philippe Morel, Murielle Mormont, Beat Muggli, Markus M\u00fcller, Stephan M\u00fcller, Andrew Munday, Surennaidoo Naiken, Antonio Nocito, Peter Nussbaumer, Daniel Oertli, Alexandre Paroz, Angelo Pelloni, J\u00f6rg Peltzer, Matthias Peter, Sebastian Pohle, Philippe Posso, Herv\u00e9 Probst, Alexander Radke, Martin Reber, Luca Regusci, Verena Reichl, Andreas Remiger, Jean-Claude Renggli, Monika Richter, Paavo Rillmann, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Ris, Nadja Ristagno, Luca Rondi, Robert Rosenberg, Raffaele Rosso, Alend Saadi, Bernd Schenkluhn, Martin Schilling, Rolf Schlumpf, Bruno Schmied, Michael Schmitz, R\u00e9mi Schneider, Othmar Sch\u00f6b, Claudio Soravia, Ren\u00e9 Spalinger, Rudolf Steffen, Daniel Steinemann, Reto Stocker, Ulrich Stricker, Alexander Stupnicki, Michel Suter, Daniel Tassile, Adrien Tempia, Derya Topal, Rebekka Troller, Daniel Tr\u00f6tschler, C\u00e9dric Vallet, Denise Vettorel, Carsten Viehl, Peter Villiger, Peter Vogelbach, Marco von Strauss und Torney, Stephan Vorburger, Matthias Walting, Markus Weber, Heinz Wehrli, Bernhard Widmann, Stefan Wildi, Alessandro Wildisen, Bernd Wilhelm, Mariano Winckler, Marc Worreth, J\u00f6rg Wydler, Sidika Yakarisik, Urs Zingg, Christof Z\u00f6llner, Markus Zuber, Michael Z\u00fcnd.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher."}
+{"text": "Epigenomes was able to maintain its standards for the high quality of its published papers. Thanks to the contribution of our reviewers, in 2021, the median time to first decision was 19 days and the median time to publication was 50 days. The editors would like to extend their gratitude and recognition to the following reviewers for their precious time and dedication, regardless of whether the papers they reviewed were finally published:Argentiero, AntonellaLiss, AndrewArgo, AntoninaLyons, David B.Binda, OlivierMargalit, NevoBlanco, EnriqueMaugeri, Andrea GiuseppeChen, MuyanMcKeon, PeterEhrlich, Kenneth C.Michelhaugh, Sharon K.Flinn, JaneMomparler, Richard L.Fuso, AndreaMoreaux, JeromeGallego-Bartolom\u00e9, JavierMorris, MarkGauchotte, GuillaumeOlova, NellyGentile, Maria TeresaRathert, PhilippGrafi, GideonRavichandran, MirunaliniGulya, K.Robin, J\u00e9r\u00f4me D.Hathaway, Nate A.R\u00f6der, StefanHepworth, JoRoy, BidishaHersey, PeterSeeboeck, RitaJeong, Dong-HoonSen, RwikJohnson, BenStevens, AaronKaur, GagandeepTiffen, Jessamy C.Kisiel, John B.Turner, JonathanKukreja, ShwetaTzelepi, VasilikiKumar, DhirendraVeluchamy, AlagurajKwon, So HeeVlachonasios, KonstantinosLazare, SekaWidemann, EmilieLegartov\u00e1, So\u0148aWong, Kwan YeungLeit\u00e3o, Jos\u00e9 M.Zhang, HongmeiLeone, MarinaRigorous peer-reviews are the basis of high-quality academic publishing. Thanks to the great efforts of our reviewers,"}
+{"text": "International Journal of Telerehabilitation, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.5195/ijt.2021.6371Correction to the Metadata for: Bican, R., Christensen, C., Fallieras, K., Sagester, G., O\u2019Rourke, S., Byars, M., & Tanner, K. (2021). Rapid Implementation of Telerehabilitation for Pediatric Patients During COVID-19. The affiliation for each author was incorrectly stated as: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USAThe correct affiliation for each author is: Clinical Therapies, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USAThe metadata for the original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The authors names were incorrectly spelled as Rony Maelle, Ratone Jean-Philippe, Walz Jochen, Pignot Geraldine, Caillol Fabrice, Pesenti Christian, Guerin Mathilde, Dermeche Slimane, Brunelle Serge, Salem Naji, Vicier Cecile, Rybikowski Stanislas, Maubon Thomas, Fakhfakh Sami, Tejeda Manuel, Giovannini Marc and Gravis Gwenaelle. The correct spelling is Maelle Rony, Jean-Philippe Ratone,Jochen Walz, Geraldine Pignot, Fabrice Caillol, Christian Pesenti, Mathilde Guerin, Slimane Dermeche, Serge Brunelle, Naji Salem, Cecile Vicier, Stanislas Rybikowski, Thomas Maubon, Sami Fakhfakh, Manuel Tejeda, Marc Giovannini and Gwenaelle GravisThe authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "EditorialEmma Pitchforth, Julia Hussein Moving ahead together, on a foundation of rights-based evidence1\u2003CommentariesAnthony Idowu Ajayi, Ramatou Ouedraogo, Kenneth Juma, Grace Kibunja, Collins Cheruiyot, Meggie Mwoka, Emmy Kageha Igonya, Winnie Opondo, Emmanuel Otukpa, Caroline W. Kabiru, Boniface Ayanbekongshie Ushie Research priorities to support evidence-informed policies and advocacy for access to safe abortion care in sub-Saharan Africa5\u2003Alexandria K. Mickler, Maria A. Carrasco, Laura Raney, Vinit Sharma, Ados V. May, Jennie Greaney Applications of the High Impact Practices in Family Planning during COVID-199\u2003Catalina Mart\u00ednez Coral, Carmen Cecilia Mart\u00ednez Sexual violence against girls in schools as a public health issue: a commentary on the case Paola Guzm\u00e1n Albarrac\u00edn v. Ecuador18\u2003Luc\u00eda Berro Pizzarossa, Rishita Nandagiri Self-managed abortion: a constellation of actors, a cacophony of laws?23\u2003Julie Hennegan, Inga T. Winkler, Chris Bobel, Danielle Keiser, Janie Hampton, Gerda Larsson, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli, Marina Plesons, Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Mahon Menstrual health: a definition for policy, practice, and research31\u2003Sharon Bissell, Erin Sines, Dipa Nag Chowdhury, Kole Shettima From population control to reproductive health and rights: a donor\u2019s journey: The John D and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation\u2019s population and reproductive health program, 1986\u2013201939\u2003Review articlesLucy C Wilson, Kate H Rademacher, Julia Rosenbaum, Rebecca L Callahan, Geeta Nanda, Sarah Fry, Amelia C L Mackenzie Seeking synergies: understanding the evidence that links menstrual health and sexual and reproductive health and rights44\u2003Madina Ag\u00e9nor, Gabriel R. Murchison, Jesse Najarro, Alyssa Grimshaw, Alischer A. Cottrill, Elizabeth Janiak, Allegra R. Gordon, Brittany M. Charlton Mapping the scientific literature on reproductive health among transgender and gender diverse people: a scoping review57\u2003Roopan K. Gill, Amanda Cleeve, Antonella F. Lavelanet Abortion hotlines around the world: a mixed-methods systematic and descriptive review75\u2003Andrea Hannah Kaiser, Bj\u00f6rn Ekman, Madeleine Dimarco, Jesper Sundewall The cost-effectiveness of sexual and reproductive health and rights interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review90\u2003Anna K\u00e5gesten, Miranda van Reeuwijk Healthy sexuality development in adolescence: proposing a competency-based framework to inform programmes and research104\u2003AbortionResearch articles Samantha Chareka, Tamaryn L. Crankshaw, Pemberai Zambezi Economic and social dimensions influencing safety of induced abortions amongst young women who sell sex in Zimbabwe121\u2003Tiziana Leone, Ernestina Coast, Sonia Correa, Clare Wenham Web-based searching for abortion information during health emergencies: a case study of Brazil during the 2015/2016 Zika outbreak133\u2003Ann M. Moore, Juliette Ortiz, Nakeisha Blades, Hannah Whitehead, Cristina Villarreal Women\u2019s experiences using drugs to induce abortion acquired in the informal sector in Colombia: qualitative interviews with users in Bogot\u00e1 and the Coffee Axis146\u2003Lianne Holten, Eva de Goeij, Gunilla Kleiverda Permeability of abortion care in the Netherlands: a qualitative analysis of women\u2019s experiences, health professional perspectives, and the internet resource of Women on Web162\u2003Leen De Kort, Edwin Wouters, Sarah Van de Velde Obstacles and opportunities: a qualitative study of the experiences of abortion centre staff with abortion care during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Flanders, Belgium180\u2003Jill Durocher, Catherine Kilfedder, Laura J. 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Danielle Wagner, Ariane van der Straten, on behalf of the TRIO Study Team Giving voice to the end-user: input on multipurpose prevention technologies from the perspectives of young women in Kenya and South Africa246\u2003Katherine Watson, Elsie Akwara, Patricia Machawira, Maria Bakaroudis, Renata Tallarico, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli The East and Southern Africa Ministerial Commitment: a review of progress toward fulfilling young people's sexual and reproductive health and rights (2013\u20132018)261\u2003Ruba Al Akash, Morgen A. Chalmiers Early marriage among Syrian refugees in Jordan: exploring contested meanings through ethnography287\u2003Family planning and contraceptionBatula Abdi, Jerry Okal, Gamal Serour, Marleen Temmerman Muslim men\u2019s perceptions and attitudes on family planning: a qualitative study in Wajir and Lamu counties in Kenya303\u2003Euphemia Sibanda, Ania Shapiro, Bradley Mathers, Annette Verster, Rachel Baggaley, Mary E. 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Steyn Community and health provider perspectives on the quality of family planning and contraceptive services in Kabwe District, Zambia353\u2003Other topics in sexual and reproductive health and rightsSofia Gruskin, William Jardell, Laura Ferguson, Kristin Zacharias, Rajat Khosla Integrating human rights into sexual and reproductive health research: moving beyond the rhetoric, what will it take to get us there?367\u2003Marcin Smietana, Sharmila Rudrappa, Christina Weis Moral frameworks of commercial surrogacy within the US, India and Russia377\u2003May Sudhinaraset, Katie Giessler, Michelle Kao Nakphong, Kali Prosad Roy, Ananta Basudev Sahu, Kovid Sharma, Dominic Montagu, Cathy Green Can changes to improve person-centred maternity care be spread across public health facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India?394\u2003Julie Hennegan, Funmilola M. OlaOlorun, Sani Oumarou, Souleymane Alzouma, Georges Guiella, Elizabeth Omoluabi, Kellogg J. Schwab School and work absenteeism due to menstruation in three West African countries: findings from PMA2020 surveys409\u2003Lashanda Skerritt, Alexandra de Pokomandy, Nadia O\u2019Brien, Nadia Sourial, Ann N Burchell, Gillian Bartlett, Tibor Schuster, Danielle Rouleau, Kar\u00e8ne Proulx-Boucher, Neora Pick, Deborah Money, Rebecca Gormley, Allison Carter, Mark H Yudin, Mona Loutfy, Angela Kaida, CHIWOS Research Team Discussing reproductive goals with healthcare providers among women living with HIV in Canada: the role of provider gender and patient comfort425\u2003Jasmine Sprague Hepburn, Idil Shekh Mohamed, Bj\u00f6rn Ekman, Jesper Sundewall Review of the inclusion of SRHR interventions in essential packages of health services in low- and lower-middle income countries441\u2003Lucila Szwarc, Victoria S\u00e1nchez Antelo, Melisa Paolino, Silvina Arrossi \u201cI\u2019m neither here, which would be bad, nor there, which would be good\u201d: the information needs of HPV+ women. A qualitative study based on in-depth interviews and counselling sessions in Jujuy, Argentina453\u2003PerspectivesTomoko Suga Protecting women: new domestic violence countermeasures for COVID-19 in Japan464\u2003Katherine J. Kramer, Aliye Runyan, Elizabeth A. Micks, Sejal Tamakuwala, Mary Reid, Suha Syed, Conrad R. Chao, Maurice-Andre Recanati Unequal medicine harms: reflections on the experiences of an intersex physician467\u2003Editor-in-Chief: Julia Hussein (to March)Executive Editor: Emma Pitchforth (from April)Chief Executive: Eszter Kism\u00f6diSenior Editors: Sarah Keogh, TJ Sundari RavindranManaging Editor: Pete ChapmanMonitoring Editor: Pathika MartinSouth Asia Hub Manager: Sanjeeta GawriCommunications Manager: Alexane BremsheyOperations Manager: Amy GriffithsAssociate Editors: Laura Ferguson, Atsumi Hirose, Nambusi Kyegombe, Helen Potts, Mindy Jane Roseman, Nina Sun, Joyce WamoyiFunding: SRHM's work in 2021 has been supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Open Society Foundations.Cover image: \u201cA Certain Blindness\u201d by Grace Cross.Translation: Fran\u00e7oise de Luca-Lacoste translated abstracts from English to French and Lisette Silva translated abstracts from English to Spanish.Copyright \u00a9 2022 Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters. This is an Open Access journal distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/), which allows for sharing and adapting the work for any purpose, even commercially, provided appropriate credit is given with a link to the originally published item, a reference to the author(s) and links to their homepages, reference to the license under which the article is published and a link to this, as well as an indication of any changes that have been made to the original. ISSN (Online) 2641-0397Peer reviewers:Claudia Abreu Lopes, Timothy Osebe Abuya, Pranita Achyut, Tahera Ahmed, Carolyne Ajema, James Akazili, Elsie Akwara, Cristina Alonso, Ilana Ambrogi, Joe Amon, Lise Ulrik Andreasen, Samuel Kojo Antobam, Subha Sri B, Finley Baba, Rob Bain, Barbara Baird, Aduragbemi Banke-Thomas, Suchi Bansai, Heidi Bart Johnson, Alka Barua, Suzanne Bell, Gervais Beninguiss\u00e9, Tshegofatso Phalane Bessenaar, Nandiat Bhan, Lekha D Bhat, Ann Biddlecom, Antonia Biggs, Kelly Blanchard, Nina Brooks, Shyam Sundar Budhathoki, Abigail Burgess, Lisa Caruana-Finkel, Lidia Cecilia Casas, Ishita Chatterjee, Sreeparna Chattopadhyay, Sylvester C Chima, Megan Christofield, Carly A Comins, Bergen Cooper, Jane Cover, Suchitra Dalvie, Shrinivas Satyanarayan Darak, Jashodhara Dasgupta, Jocelyn DeJong, Preeti Dhillon, Farah Diaz-Tello, Catherine Dodds, Soo Downe, Ilana Dzuba, Myles Elledge, Joanna Erdman, Fatima Estrada, Sandra Fern\u00e1ndez, Katherine Footman, Barbara Friedland, Katherine Gambir, Samantha Garbers, Rakhi Ghoshal, Roopan Gill, Srinivas Goli, Meena Gopal, Arne Gouwy, Yufu Iguchi, Katja Isaksen, Olena Ivanova, Sharad D Iyengar, Heather Jacobson, Vathsala Jaysuriya-Illesinghe, Dyah Juliastuti, Shveta Kalyanwala, Shanna Katz Kattari, Talat Khadivzadeh, Renu Khanna, Andrea Gael Kinnear Wilson, Abhay Kudale, Ekaterina Kulchavenya, Bhavita Kumari, Sara Larrea, David Lawson, Ana Flavia Lucas d'Oliveira, Anna K-J Macintyre, Kerry MacQuarrie, Muriel Mac-Seing, Emily Ann Maistrellis, Shelly Makleff, Cicely Alice Marston, Crinda Marwah, Julia McReynolds-Perez, G J Melendez-Torres, Erica Millar, Kirstin Mitchell, Ismalia Z Mohammed, Sanjay K Mohanty, Abdu Mohiddin, Florence Muheirwe, Poonam Muttreja, Jefferson Mwaisaka, Denise Nacif Pimenta, Priya Nanda, Sharmishtha Nanda, Rishita Nandagiri, Nakkeeran Nanjappan, Francis Obare, Funmilola Morinoye OlaOlorun, Jeffrey O'Malley, Tricia Maria Ong, Bayla Ostrach, Sabu S Padmadas, Jitendra Pariyar, Lucia Berro Pizzarossa, Chelsea Polis, Tosin Popoola, Helen Potts, Davoud Pourmazi, Mizanur Rahman, Preety Rajbangshi, Mala Ramanathan, Anubha Rastogi, Juliet Richters, Anissa Rizkianti, Kathryn W Roberts, Sam Rowa, Ana Paola Ruiz, Malabika Sarker, Marta Schaaf, Erica Sedlander, Sumitra Sharma, Kristen Shellenberg, Aamod Dhoj Shrestha, Suzanne Sicchia, Holly Donahue Singh, Arushi Singh, Nelloy Sircar, Ilene S Speizer, Rachel Spitzer, Lara Stemple, Bianca Maria Stifani, Lucila Szwarc, Mildred Tambudzai Mushunje, Amanda Tanner, Siri Tellier, Jennifer Thomson, Jissa Vinoda Thulaseedharan, Mahhub Ul Alam, Ver\u00f3nica Undurraga, Boniface Ushie, Heini V\u00e4is\u00e4nen, Cecilia Van Hollen, Ravi Verma, Leela Visaria, Krani Vora, Yohannes Wado, Megan Wainwright, Helen A Weiss, T Charles Witzel, Susan Yanow, Erick Kiprotich Yegon, Katherine Young, Bethany Young Holt, Phyu Phyu Thin Zawwww.srhm.org / www.srhmjournal.orgTwitter @SRHMJournalFacebook @SRHMJournal"}
+{"text": "Dear Editor,The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound impacts on safe healthcare delivery, particularly within surgical specialtiesVaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus have demonstrated efficacy, however timely accessibility for healthcare workers, let alone the global population, remains inequitableUtilizing an international survey of practice, distributed through an existing COVIDSurg head and neck (HN) collaborative, social media and international HN clinical networks, the authors sought to assess the extent to which COVID-safe HN cancer surgery and individual surgeon-specific protection were implemented between the initial stages of the pandemic (March\u2013June 2020) and a subsequent period in February 2021 after well documented increases in COVID-19 incidence globally and an evolving, evidence-based understanding of the disease  or PPE use (49 per cent) compared with global averages (89 and 62 per cent respectively).Further evidence of significant global inequality was apparent in disparate vaccination access: less than one third of surgical staff in low- and low\u2013middle-income countries received a first vaccine dose by spring 2021  per cent).HN centres in countries experiencing highest levels of population COVID incidence (25 or more per 100 000 population) in spring 2021 correlated to highest levels of testing, PPE use and vaccination (Reported COVID-19 infections amongst surgeons (16 per cent) within this survey are at least double those of conservative contemporaneous population-level estimates. In countries yet to receive nationwide vaccination, HN surgeons had even higher levels of prior COVID infection (26 per cent), highlighting further global wealth inequalities and populations with potentially greater latent need.Whilst the authors recognize inherent limitations to these data, including the intrinsic bias associated with surveys, it is evident that global wealth inequality appears to drive disparities in access to critical elements of appropriate healthcare, risking both patient and staff safety.HN surgery exemplifies many of the highest risks of surgery in general and remains critically reliant on COVID-secure pathways supported by robust testing, adequate PPE provision and vaccination. These data share yet another indicator of inequitable distribution of healthcare resource at a time when we are all reliant upon worldwide solutions.Writing groupAndrew G Schache, Richard Shaw, Michael Wing Sung Ho, Stuart C Winter, James Glasbey, Ian Ganly, Martin Batstone, Juan Rey Biel, Paul C Nankivell, Christian Simon, Omar Omar, Joana FF Simoes, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Aneel Bhangu, Tom Pinkney, Laura McGill, Rita Perry, Terry Hughes, Richard Jackson.CovidSurg Operations CommitteeKwabena Siaw-Acheampong, Ruth A Benson, Edward Bywater, Daoud Chaudhry, Brett E Dawson, Jonathan P Evans, James C Glasbey, Rohan R Gujjuri, Emily Heritage, Conor S Jones, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Chetan Khatri, Rachel A Khaw, James M Keatley, Andrew Knight, Samuel Lawday, Elizabeth Li, Harvinder S Mann, Ella J Marson, Kenneth A McLean, Siobhan C Mckay, Emily C Mills, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Gianluca Pellino, Maria Picciochi, Elliott H Taylor, Abhinav Tiwari, Joana FF Simoes, Isobel M Trout, Mary L Venn, Richard JW Wilkin, Aneel Bhangu.International Cancer Leads Chair); Head and neck: Richard Shaw*, Andrew G Schache, Stuart C Winter, Michael W S Ho, Paul Nankivell, Juan Rey Biel, Martin Batstone, Ian Ganly, Christian Simon.James C Glasbey (Dissemination CommitteeChair); Tom EF Abbott, Michel Adamina, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Arnav Agarwal, Ehab Alameer, Derek Alderson, Felix Alakaloko, Markus Albertsmeiers, Osaid Alser, Muhammad Alshaar, Sattar Alshryda, Alexis P Arnaud, Knut Magne Augestad, Faris Ayasra, Jos\u00e9 Azevedo, Brittany K Bankhead-Kendall, Emma Barlow, Ruth A Benson, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Amanpreet Brar, Ana Minaya-Bravo, Kerry A Breen, Chris Bretherton, Igor Lima Buarque, Joshua Burke, Edward J Caruana, Mohammad Chaar, Sohini Chakrabortee, Peter Christensen, Daniel Cox, Moises Cukier, Miguel F Cunha, Giana H Davidson, Anant Desai, Salomone Di Saverio, Thomas M Drake, John G Edwards, Muhammed Elhadi, Sameh Emile, Shebani Farik, Marco Fiore, J Edward Fitzgerald, Samuel Ford, Tatiana Garmanova, Gaetano Gallo, Dhruv Ghosh, Gustavo Mendon\u00e7a Ata\u00edde Gomes, Gustavo Grecinos, Ewen A Griffiths, Madalegna Gr\u00fcndl, Constantine Halkias, Ewen M Harrison, Intisar Hisham, Peter J Hutchinson, Shelley Hwang, Arda Isik, Michael D Jenkinson, Pascal Jonker, Haytham MA Kaafarani, Angelos Kolias, Schelto Kruijff, Ismail Lawani, Hans Lederhuber, Sezai Leventoglu, Andrey Litvin, Andrew Loehrer, Markus W L\u00f6ffler, Maria Aguilera Lorena, Maria Marta Madolo, Piotr Major, Janet Martin, Hassan N Mashbari, Dennis Mazingi, Symeon Metallidis, Ana Minaya-Bravo, Helen M Mohan, Rachel Moore, David Moszkowicz, Susan Moug, Joshua S Ng-Kamstra, Mayaba Maimbo, Milagros Niquen, Faustin Ntirenganya, Maricarmen Olivos, Kacimi Oussama, Oumaima Outani, Marie Dione Parreno-Sacdalanm, Francesco Pata, Carlos Jose Perez Rivera, Thomas D Pinkney, Willemijn van der Plas, Peter Pockney, Ahmad Qureshi, Dejan Radenkovic, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina, Keith Roberts, April C Roslani, Martin Ruteg\u00e5rd, Ir\u00e8ne Santos, Sohei Satoi, Raza Sayyed, Andrew Schache, Andreas A Schnitzbauer, Justina O. Seyi-Olajide, Neil Sharma, Richard Shaw, Sebastian Shu, Kjetil Soreide, Antonino Spinelli, Grant D Stewart, Malin Sund, Sudha Sundar, Stephen Tabiri, Philip Townend, Georgios Tsoulfas, Gabrielle H van Ramshorst, Raghavan Vidya, Dale Vimalachandran, Oliver J Warren, Duane Wedderburn, Naomi Wright, EuroSurg, European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP), Global Initiative for Children\u2019s Surgery (GICS), GlobalSurg, GlobalPaedSurg, ItSURG, PTSurg, SpainSurg, Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery (SICCR), Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT), Irish Surgical Research Collaborative (ISRC), Transatlantic Australasian Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Working Group (TARPSWG), Italian Society of Surgical Oncology (SICO).Joana FF Simoes .Australia: Batstone M, Hodge R .Belgium: Abeloos J, De Backer T, De Ceulaer J, Dick C, Diez-Fraile A, Lamoral P, Spaas C (AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende AV); Schrijvers DLAL ; Willemse EBM (Jules Bordet Institute); Faris C, Maari\u00ebn S, Van Haesendonck G, Van Laer C ; Deron P .Brazil: Abdallah EA, Carvalho GB, Kowalski L, Vartanian J (A.C. Camargo Cancer Center); Gatti AP, Nardi CN, Oliva RNL ; Salem MC (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia de Porto Alegre).Canada: Cheng D, MacNeil D, Martin J, Mayer R, ; Groot G .Colombia: Acosta L, Mejia M, Perez CJ (Fundacion Cardioinfantil-IC).Croatia: Lorencin M, Luksic I, Mamic M .Egypt: Ashoush FM ; Osman NA ; Safwat Shahine M ; Eldaly A ; Elfiky MMA ; Amin A ; Elmorsi R, Refky B (Oncology Center Mansoura University); Essa MM .Ethiopia: Mengistu G Mengesha .France: Dakp\u00e9 s (CHU Amiens); Boucher S (CHU Angers); Ballouhey Q, Laloze J, Usseglio J (CHU Limoges); Hoffmann C (Curie Institute); Gregoire V (L\u00e9on B\u00e9rard Cancer Center); Lallemant B .Germany: Blaurock M ; Reim D (Klinikum Rechts der Isar TUM School of Medicine); Boehm A ; Guntinas-Lichius O (Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Jena); H\u00f6lzle F, Modabber A, Winnand P ; Kleeff J, Lorenz K, Ronellenfitsch U, Schneider R ; Betz CS, B\u00f6ttcher A, Busch C, M\u00f6ckelmann N ; Inhestern JM (Oberhavelkliniken Hennigsdorf) Greve J, Hoffmann TK, Laban S, Vahl JM .Ghana: Agyeman-Prempeh A, Aning D, Barnor I, Darko-Asante R, Dzogbefia M, Gaveh V, Gyimah D, Issahalq MD, Konney A, Poku M ; Adjeso T, Akornor ET, Amankwaa WO, Antwi DA, Apppiah-Thompson P, Damah M, Kumi EO, Manan L, Murphy JP, Osei L, Setuagbe J .Greece: Arkadopoulos N, Danias N, Economopoulou P, Frountzas M, Kokoropoulos P, Larentzakis A, Michalopoulos NV, Nastos K, Parasyris S, Pikoulis E, Selmani J, Sidiropoulos TA, Vassiliu P ; Kalfountzos CE ; Chatziioannou I, Corais C, Gkrinia E, Ntziovara A, Saratziotis A ; Antoniadis K, Orestis O, Tatsis D ; Baili E, Charalabopoulos A, Liakakos T, Schizas D, Spartalis E, Syllaios A, Zografos C .Guatemala: Aguilera-Ar\u00e9valo M .India: Misra S, Pareek P, Vishnoi J ; Chappity P, Kar M, Muduly DK, Sultania M ; Agarwal S, Garg PK, Maharaj DD, Majumdar KS, Mishra N, Poonia D, Seenivasagam RK, Singh MP, Tiwari AR ; Penumadu P ; Rajan S ; Kumar S ; Raychowdhury R (Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan); Ghodke R ; Raychowdhury R .Ireland: Barry C, Callanan D, Dias A, Haung L, Ionescu A, Sheahan P ; Lennon P, Fitzgerald C .Israel: Mizrachi A .Italy: Deganello A ; Pellini R, Pichi B ; Lemma F ; Marino MV ; Bergonzani M, Varazzani A ; Bussu F, Perra T, Piras A, Porcu A, Rizzo D ; Campisi G, Cordova A, Franza M, Rinaldi G, Toia F ; Gianni A ; Giannini L ; Gordini L (Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli); Baldini E, Conti L ; De Virgilio A, Ferreli F, Gaino F, Mercante G, Spriano G ; Ansarin M, Chu F, De Berardinis R, Ietrobon G, Tagliabue M (Istituto Europeo di Oncologia - IRCCS -Milano); Ionna F ; Baietti A, Maremonti P, Neri F, Prucher G, Ricci S ; Casaril A, Nama M ; Cotoia A, Lizzi V, Vovola F ; Bruzzaniti P, Familiari P, Lapolla P, Marruzzo G, Mingoli A, Ribuffo D (Policlinico Umberto I); Cipriani R, Contedini F, Lauretta M, Marchetti C, Melotti M, Pignatti M, Pinto V, Pizzigallo A, Ricotta F, Tarsitano A ; Catarzi L, Consorti G .Libya: Abdulwahed EA, Alshareea EA, Biala MI, Ghmagh RJ .Malaysia: Ibrahim AF ; Liew YT .Mexico: Alvarez MR, Arrangoiz R, Cordera F, G\u00f3mez-Pedraza A ; Soul\u00e9-Mart\u00ednez CE ; Becerril OS ; Becerra GFC .Morocco: Arkha Y, Bechri H, El Ouahabi A, Oudrhiri M ; Benkabbou A, Majbar M, Mohsine R, Souadka A .Nepal: Lageju N .Netherlands: Schreuder WH (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Ziekenhuis); Hardillo J (Erasmus Medisch Centrum); de Bree R ; Schweitzer D .Nigeria: Adeyeye AA, Enoch EE ; Sholadoye TSTT ; Wuraola F ; Oyelakin O .Pakistan: Khokhar MI ; Ayub B .Poland: Wal\u0119dziak M (Military Institute Of Medicine); Szewczyk M (The Gerater Poland Cancer Center).Portugal: Faria C ; Cardoso P ; Castro Silva J (IPO Porto).Saudi Arabia: AlKharashi E .Serbia: Jelovac D, Petrovic M, Sumrak S ; Asceric RR, Bojicic JM, Kovacevic BM, Krdzic ID, Milentijevic MA, Milutinovic VZ, Stefanovic ZB .Spain: Villacampa JM ; Jim\u00e9nez Carneros V, Salazar Carrasco A, Carabias Hernandez A, Alonso Lamberti L, Le\u00f3n Ledesma R, Jim\u00e9nez Miram\u00f3n FJ, Jover Naval\u00f3n JM, Garcia Quijada J, Ramos Rodriguez J, Valle Rubio A ; Vilaseca I ; Escartin J ; Estaire-Gomez M, Padilla Valverde D ; Tousidonis M ; Lopez F ; Deandr\u00e9s-Olabarria U, Dur\u00e1n-Ballesteros M, Fern\u00e1ndez-Pablos F, Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Aguirre F, Sanz-Larrainzar A, Ugarte-Sierra B ; Di Martino M, Prada J ; Jariod-Ferrer UM ; Landaluce Olavarria A ; Rey-Biel J ; D\u00edaz de Cerio P ; S\u00e1nchez Barrueco A .Sweden: Lindqvist EK ; Sund M .Switzerland: Piantanida R ; Giger R, Hool S, M\u00fcller SA ; Stoeckli SJ ; Simon C .Syrian Arab Republic: Toutounji T ;Al assaf A ; Hammed AM, Hammed SM, Mahfoud M .Turkey: Arikan A ; Yalkin \u00d6 ; \u0130flazo\u011flu N ; Isik A, Leventoglu S ; Aydemir L, Basaran B, Sen C, Comert -Ulusan M (Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine); Basaran B ; Saracoglu KT ; Saracoglu A ; Mantoglu B (Sakarya Faculty Of Medicine); Kucuk G ; Aygun N, Baran E, Tanal M, Eray Tufan A, Uludag M, G\u00fcrkan Yetkin S, Yigit B ; Calik B, Demirli Atici S, Kaya T .Uganda: Sikakulya FK .United Arab Emirates: Abdel-Galil KMAH .UK: Lowe T ; Durrani AJ, Habeeb A, Irune E, Luke L, Masterson L, Murphy SH, Segaren N, Walker C, Waseem S ; Jones TM, Loh C, Pringle S, Schache AG, Shaw RJ ; Stenhouse J ; Armstrong M ; Sood S, Sutton D ; Thomas S ; Clarke P ; Winter SC ; Hislop S ; Counter PR (Cumberland Infirmary); Ghazali N ; Lloyd C ; Prabhu V ; Godden D, Whitley S ; Butler C, Nash R ; El-Boghdadly K, Fry A, Niziol R ; De M, Gill CK ; Crank S ; Mace AD ; Ho M ; Mair M ; Kothari P ; Homer J, Sainuddin S ; Egan RJ, Kittur M ; Burgess C ; O\u2019Hara J ; Manickavasagam J, McDonald C ; Burrows S ; Java KR, Katre C ; Ahmed A, Siddique H ; King E, Ramchandani P ; Naredla PR  Brennan P, Ringrose T, Schmidt F ; Mak JKC, Nankivell P, Parmar S, Sharma N ; Douglas C, McCaul J, McCaul J ; Dhanda J ; Ghazali N, Kyzas P, Vassiliou L ; Kumar A ; Husband A ; Hulbert J ; Ingrams D, Parkin R ; Varley I ; Gahir D, George A, Zakai D ; Bater M ; Surwald C ; Devlin B, Leonard CG ; Pigadas N, Snee D ; Singh RP ; Hyde NC ; Paley M ; Cocks H, Wilson A ; Choi D ; Kerawala CJ, Riva F ; Dickason A (Torbay and South Devon NHS Trust); Semple CJ ; Schilling C ; Naredla PR, Walton G ; Rees-Stoner O ; Scott N ; Nixon IJ ; Tighe D ; Mattine S ; Chu MMH, Pothula V .USA: Lee W ; Brown L, Ganly I ; Alpert N, Illezeau CN, Miles B, Rapp J, Taioli E ; Azam MT, Choudhry AJ, Marx W ; Stein J ; Ying Y (University of Alabama Birmingham); Gross ND (University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center); Almasri M, Joshi R, Kulkarni G, Marwan H, Mehdi M ; Sumer B .The research detailed in this manuscript was funded by the British Association of Head & Neck Oncologists (BAHNO).zrab112_Supplementary_DataClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that depend on the host\u2019s protein synthesis machinery for translating their mRNAs. The viral mRNA (vRNA) competes with the host mRNA to recruit the translational machinery, including ribosomes, tRNAs, and the limited eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIFs) pool. Many viruses utilize non-canonical strategies such as targeting host eIFs and RNA elements known as internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) to reprogram cellular gene expression, ensuring preferential translation of vRNAs. In this review, we discuss vRNA IRES-mediated translation initiation, highlighting the role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), other than the canonical translation initiation factors, in regulating their activity. Viruses depend on the host cell for their replication. This dependency is evident during protein synthesis as viruses, except for giant viruses , lack anThe eukaryotic mRNA features a 5\u2032 end modification known as the \u201ccap\u201d, a 7-methylguanosine linked, via a 5\u2032 to 5\u2032 triphosphate bridge, to the first transcribed nucleotide (m7GpppN)  and, excEnterovirus) and the encephalomyocarditis virus , both members of the Picornaviridae family of viruses, pioneered the discovery of IRES-mediated translation initiation [Picornaviridae [The study of the monocistronic uncapped/polyadenylated vRNAs of poliovirus  paveiviridae ,66, Retroviridae ,68, and sviridae ,70,71. Isviridae , insect sviridae ,74, and sviridae ,76,77 visviridae ,83,84,85sviridae . Since, sviridae ,79,82,87sviridae , IRESitesviridae ,90, IRESsviridae , and thesviridae , list viFlaviviridae, genus Hepacivirus) IRES is ~332 nts in length [Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus) IRES is ~107 nts in length [Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus) vRNA harbors the shortest viral IRES documented to date, being only ~96 nts in length [Picornaviridae vRNAs harbor a single IRES positioned in the 5\u2032 UTR of the vRNAs [Picornaviridae, genus Dicipivirus) is the only known exception [Dicistroviridae family of viruses  encompasses small non-enveloped viruses with vRNAs that harbor two non-overlapping large ORFs (ORF 1 and ORF2)  is ~352 nts long [Aedes albopictus mosquito cell lines [Cyprinus carpio) [Herpesviridae, genus Rhadinovirus), also known as the Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), has been reported [Retroviridae, genus Lentivirus) [Retroviridae, genus Lentivirus) [Retroviridae, genus Lentivirus) [Retroviridae [Viral IRESs are, in general, highly structured RNA segments that, when compared, are highly diverse in nucleotide (nt) length, primary sequence, and secondary/tertiary structure ,94,95,96n length , while tn length . The Denn length . IRESs mn length ,99. The n length ,100,101,n length ,102. IREhe vRNAs ,100,101.xception . The CDVxception . The Dicnd ORF2) C. Indiviae vRNAs . The 5\u2032 ae vRNAs . As an ents long . The 5\u2032 nts long . Little nts long . In contnts long . The actll lines ,111. Thell lines ,113,114.ll lines ,108,112.ll lines . Therefoll lines ,116. It ll lines , isolate carpio) . An IGR reported . It is nreported ,120,121.reported . Similarreported . The intreported ,68. As ativirus) ,125, thetivirus) , and thetivirus) , also hativirus) ,130,131.oviridae ,68. The oviridae ,126, whioviridae ,130. Theoviridae ,133,134.oviridae ,133. Theoviridae . A similoviridae . The molPicornaviridae, genus Aphthovirus), and PV IRESs, is ATP-dependent and requires the same initiation factors as the canonical cap-dependent initiation mechanism, except for eIF4E [Picornaviridae, genus Hepatovirus) IRES requires intact eIF4G to function [Flaviviridae, genus Pestivirus) is independent of any eIF [Viral IRESs also differ in the subset of host factors required to initiate translation B 82,93,,95,96. Ior eIF4E ,137,138.or eIF4E . The scafunction ,141. Howfunction . Interesfunction . The for any eIF ,99. In H any eIF ,143,144. any eIF ,144,145. any eIF .Virgaviridae, genus Tobamovirus) is not structured, and its function is attributed to two polypurine (A-rich) sequences [Dicistroviridae, genus Cripavirus) IRES relies on a non-structured RNA region, and 5\u2032 and 3\u2032 terminal deletions showed only minor effects on its activity [For most vRNAs, IRES-mediated translation initiation is highly dependent on the structural integrity of the IRES ,147,148.equences . Likewisactivity ,166.Thus, viral IRESs behave as a complex RNA scaffold interacting with specific RBPs, the 40S ribosomal subunit, or with components of the canonical translational apparatus enabling translation initiation ,168. ForCardiovirus and the Aphthovirus; and type III, the Enterovirus and Rhinovirus [Aphthovirus, Cardiovirus, and Parechovirus genus vRNAs, with EMCV and FMDV IRESs as prototypes [Aquamavirus, Avihepatovirus, Megrivirus, Sapelovirus, Senecavirus, Teschovirus, Tremovirus, and the porcine kobuvirus (PKV), a member of the Kobuvirus genus. The minimal requirements for 48S assembly on the porcine teschovirus type 1  IRES, a member of the type IV IRESs, are the 40S ribosomal subunit and the TC [Kobuvirus, Salivirus, and Paraturdivirus genera [Despite the divergences in sequence, RNA structure, eIFs and ITAF requirements, and the molecular mechanisms involved in 40S recruitment, when they are from viruses from the same family and genus, IRESs tend to share features ,174,175.inovirus . This clinovirus . Type IIototypes , and typototypes . This clototypes ,177. Typd the TC . Howeverd the TC . The less genera ,99,175. s genera ,96,175 cs genera , but is s genera ,96. IndePicornaviridae deploy different strategies to suppress cap-dependent translation initiation. PV, coxsackievirus , and human rhinovirus  encode the 2A proteases, while FMDV, the leader (L) protease (reviewed in [Enterovirus) induces microRNA (miRNA) 141 that targets eIF4E encoding mRNA [Enterovirus) IRESs in a neuronal cell line treated, or not treated, with the 2A protease [During viral infections, the host triggers an antiviral response that includes, among other targets, blocking global translation to counteract viral protein synthesis ,3,8. Howiewed in ,179). Thiewed in ,181,182.iewed in . Interesiewed in ,185. In iewed in . During ing mRNA . Therefoprotease . PV, HRVprotease . Howeverprotease . A similprotease . DENV IRprotease . Thus, iprotease ,189. Thuprotease ,191. ZIKprotease . Retroviprotease ,197,198.In contrast to PV and FMDV, EMCV does not cleave eIF4G; however, the virus reduces cellular cap-dependent translation initiation by inducing 4E-binding protein (4E-BP) dephosphorylation . 4E-BPs As mentioned above, DENV and ZIKV vRNAs possess a translationally functional 5\u2032 cap-structure yet harbor an IRES ,122. ThePicornaviridae, genus Cardiovirus), but not the IRESs of PV and HRV, were efficiently translated in rabbit reticulocyte lysate (RRL) [Early studies reported that the IRESs of EMCV, FMDV, and Theiler\u2019s murine encephalomyelitis virus  ,216,217.te (RRL) ,216,217.te (RRL) . The HIVte (RRL) . Togethete (RRL) ,222,223.te (RRL) ,222,223.te (RRL) ,147,168.te (RRL) ,95,168. te (RRL) .45) [The pyrimidine tract-binding protein ) ,226,227,45) ,235; the45) ,237,238;45) ; PTB Ass45) ; Elav-li45) ; Argonau45) ; SRC ass45) ; heat-sh45) ,244,245,45) ,246,247,45) ,248,249.45) ; PTB, Un45) ; PTB plu45) ; the spl45) . It is n45) . Therefo45) ,254,255.45) ,257, whi45) .As indicated above, the HCV IRES does not require ITAFs for 40S ribosomal subunit recruitment or 80S assembly . HoweverRetroviridae, genus Betaretrovirus) IRES activity [The impact of a particular RBP on the function of an IRES cannot be predicted and has to be determined experimentally, because an ITAF that stimulates one viral IRES might act as a repressor for another. For example, HuR stimulates the EV71 and HCV IRESs ,241,293,activity . PCBP , such as cold-shock domains (CSD), RNA-recognition motif (RRM), zinc fingers (ZF), double-stranded RBD (dsRBD), K-homology domain (KH), glycine-arginine-rich (GAR) domains , as well as other less classical RBDs , Table 1Under normal conditions, most RBP/ITAFs reside in the cell nucleus. However, several viruses, including picornaviruses, subvert the host nucleocytoplasmic trafficking machinery to their benefit during infection  334,351,353. DifRetroviruses might use a different strategy to load some RBP onto their vRNA . SimilarIt is noteworthy that, in the case of RBPs, their availability alone is not necessarily responsible for IRES function, as accessibility is also important ,371. FurRetroviridae, genus Deltaretrovirus) IRES, HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper protein (HBZ) IRES, and the MMTV IRES [The mRNP code of any particular mRNA, including vRNAs, is not fixed and can be fine-tuned through PTMs of its associated proteins  375,376,382,383.MTV IRES ,386. TheMTV IRES ,386, sugMTV IRES ,382,383.MTV IRES ,225,387.MTV IRES . The treMTV IRES   IGR IRES, which are functional in mammalian, insect, and plant cell-free in-vitro translation systems [Dicistroviridae IRESs share the ability to be active in all cellular backgrounds. For example, the CrPV 5\u2032 IRES does not function efficiently in plant-cell-free in-vitro translation systems [The need for specific ITAFs and their uneven distribution among different cell types might partially explain why the function of some viral IRESs is cell-type-dependent ,416,418.ts cells . A few vts cells ,421,422.ts cells . The RhPts cells ,166. Oth systems ,421,424. systems ,421,422, systems ,419. Fur systems , and the systems .As mentioned above, about 10\u201315% of all cellular mRNAs harbor IRESs ,79,82,87The diversity of RNA structures, or RNP-complexes, that different viral RNAs have evolved to enable internal initiation to outcompete the host\u2019s mRNAs during infection is remarkable. For many viral IRESs, there are still many unknowns regarding the molecular mechanisms driving their function. Fine-tuning of IRES activity during viral replication also emerges as a novel and exciting question. As IRESs might not be isolated players that turn on to enable viral protein synthesis, but are part of a more complex network of signals that sense the cellular environment regulating viral gene expression accordingly during infection. This would imply that ITAFs play an essential role in fine-tuning viral IRES function through their localization (nucleus/cytoplasm), binding affinity, and capacity to interact with other regulatory proteins. The understanding of how the PTMs of ITAFs impact viral IRES activity also emerges as a fascinating research area. Furthermore, little is known on how viral and cellular-induced PTMs of ITAFs are important for timing viral gene expression during replication, or their relevance in virus-induced pathogenesis."}
+{"text": "Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med. 2021:5(4)432\u2013435.A Chemist with a Strange Etiology of Rhabdomyolysis: A Case Report of a RareToxicological EmergencyR Meenakshisundaram, JVJoseph, P Perumal, A Areeb, P Pancheti, DK Sampath, EM Jared, AKRyan This article includes anadditional author, Allison K Ryan, MD."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-93518-9, published online 14 July 2021Correction to: In the original version of this Article Ahmed F. Thabet and Hessien A. Boraei were incorrectly affiliated with \u2018The Kyushu University Museum, Fukuoka, Japan\u2019. The correct affiliations are listed below.Affiliation 1:Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-sheikh, EgyptAhmed F. Thabet and\u00a0Hessien A. BoraeiAffiliation 2:Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-sheikh, EgyptAhmed F. ThabetAffiliation 3:Field Crop Pests Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha, Kafr El-sheikh, EgyptAhmed F. ThabetAffiliation 4:Laboratory of Insect Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, JapanAhmed F. ThabetIn addition, Ahmed F. Thabet and Hessien A. Boraei were incorrectly listed as equally contributing authors.Finally, Hessien A. Boraei is deceased.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-02179-1, published online 23 November 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for Guillermo J. Ortega. The correct affiliations are listed below.Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, SpainScience and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, ArgentinaConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, CONICET, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-94877-z, published online 28 July 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Valeria Stella Vanni, Roberta Villanacci, Noemi Salmeri, Enrico Papaleo, Diana Delprato, Jessica Ottolina, Patrizia Rovere-Querini, Stefano Ferrari, Paola Vigan\u00f2 & Massimo Candiani which were incorrectly given as Vanni Valeria Stella, Villanacci Roberta, Salmeri Noemi, Papaleo Enrico, Delprato Diana, Ottolina Jessica, Rovere-Querini Patrizia, Ferrari Stefano, Vigan\u00f2 Paola & Candiani Massimo.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "This study sought to establish the long-term effects of Covid-19 following hospitalisation.327 hospitalised participants, with SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited into a prospective multicentre cohort study at least 3 months post-discharge. The primary outcome was self-reported recovery at least ninety days after initial Covid-19 symptom onset. Secondary outcomes included new symptoms, disability , breathlessness  and quality of life (EQ5D-5L).55% of participants reported not feeling fully recovered. 93% reported persistent symptoms, with fatigue the most common (83%), followed by breathlessness (54%). 47% reported an increase in MRC dyspnoea scale of at least one grade. New or worse disability was reported by 24% of participants. The EQ5D-5L summary index was significantly worse following acute illness . Females under the age of 50 years were five times less likely to report feeling recovered , were more likely to have greater disability , twice as likely to report worse fatigue  and seven times more likely to become more breathless  than men of the same age.Survivors of Covid-19 experienced long-term symptoms, new disability, increased breathlessness, and reduced quality of life. These findings were present in young, previously healthy working age adults, and were most common in younger females.National Institute for Health Research, UK Medical Research Council,\u00a0Wellcome\u00a0Trust, Department for International Development and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Funding for research to understand mechanisms underlying long-Covid and identify potential interventions for testing in randomised trials is urgently required.\u00a0Alt-text: Unlabelled box1Our understanding of long-term outcomes after acute Covid-19 remains limited. It is becoming increasingly evident that some patients who have had acute Covid-19 go on to experience persistent symptoms, known as long-Covid or post-Covid syndrome Many clinical trials or studies that aim to characterise the immediate course of Covid-19 have used mortality as a primary outcome ,13. ThisThe objective of this study was to characterise long-term patient reported outcomes in individuals who survived hospitalisation for Covid-19, in those who engaged with post hospital follow-up, using the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol (CCP-UK) and follow-up protocol 22.1ISARIC4C.net website. Hospitals providing acute care throughout the United Kingdom were eligible to enrol participants into the study. This analysis is reported in line with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines The ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol (CCP) was first developed by international consensus in 2012 to respond to any emerging or re-emerging pathogen of public health interest 2.2th January to 5th October 2020 with confirmed or highly suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection at 31 centres, who consented to be contacted for post hospital follow-up and were discharged at least 90 days ago were eligible for inclusion. Participants experienced post-Covid sequelae without formal treatment as management pathways for long Covid were not available at this time. Confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 was by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Individuals with clinically diagnosed highly suspected, Covid-19 were also eligible for inclusion, given that SARS-CoV-2 was an emergent pathogen in the earlier stages of the pandemic and laboratory confirmation was dependent on local availability of PCR testing.Patients aged 18 years and over, admitted to hospital between 172.3Patient questionnaires for adults were developed by a multidisciplinary team of researchers, clinicians and psychologists through a series of meetings and e-mail iterations Explanatory variables at the time of hospital admission, including age, sex, pre-existing comorbidities, and treatment received during the hospital admission were recorded. Maximum severity of Covid-19 during the acute hospital admission with Covid-19 was classified using the WHO COVID-19 ordinal severity scale 2.4The primary outcome was self-reported recovery at 3 to 12 months following initial Covid-19 symptoms. Secondary outcomes included persistent or new symptoms, new or worsened disability assessed using the Washington Disability Group (WG) Short Form 2.5th and 75th centile values. To test for differences across comparison groups in categorical data, we used Fisher's exact test and for continuous data, used the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for two-sample testing and Kruskal-Wallis where there were more than 2 groups. Analysis of symptom co-occurrence was done using the Jaccard similarity index and represented visually as heatmaps with dendrograms constructed from complete hierarchical clustering results (where 0 is no co-occurrence and 1 is perfect co-occurrence). We then identified clusters of symptoms based upon the hierarchical dendrograms and clusters that were seen on the heatmap.Categorical data were summarised as frequencies and percentages, and continuous data as median, alongside the corresponding interquartile range (IQR) presented as the 25For disability, breathlessness, and EQ5D-5L index , we calculated the change in value reported by participants before onset of their Covid-19 illness compared to the follow up assessment. For health state at the follow up assessment, we used the EQ5D-5L with the English standardised valuation study protocol (EQ-VT) value set, developed by the EuroQol group on the composite time trade-off (cTTO) valuation We created models to adjust for age, sex, presence of comorbidities and in-hospital severity of Covid-19, according to the maximum level of respiratory support that was required. Multilevel logistic regression was used for binary outcomes, and linear regression models were used for continuous outcomes. In both model types, we adjusted for the effects of explanatory variables using fixed-effects and centre by including a random-effects term. For all models, variable selection was performed based on clinical plausibility, and final models were selected based on clinical relevance guided by minimisation of the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Variables were only included in the model if they were present during the first hospital admission for Covid-19. All models were checked for first order interactions and any meaningful interactions were retained and incorporated as dummy variables. Effect estimates are presented as odds ratios for binary outcomes or mean differences for continuous outcomes, alongside the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Statistical analyses were performed using R version 3.6.3  with the tidyverse, finalfit, eq5d and Hmisc packages. Statistical significance was taken at the level of P \u2264 0.05.2.6This was an urgent public health research study in response to a public health emergency of international concern. Patients and the public were therefore not involved in the design, of the acute phase rapid response research. However, patients and people living with long Covid were involved in the design, conduct and interpretation of the follow up study. The follow up data collection survey and associated patient information was informed by the founding members of the Long Covid support group, who themselves are living with long Covid. The survey was also piloted in several settings in the UK with patients affected by Covid-19 from different demographics, and feedback incorporated into the final version. This included suggestions on the data on symptoms collected and the way questions were asked as well as on the patient information. The results and interpretation of the findings and final manuscript were informed by members of the Long Covid support group.2.7The study sponsors and funders had no role in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the report, or the decision to submit the article for publication. Investigators were independent from funders and the authors have full access to\u00a0all of\u00a0the data, including any statistical analysis and tables.3Of the 2150 eligible people in the CCP-UK study who were discharged from their acute admission alive, 40\u20221% (862/2150) provided consent to be contacted for follow-up. Of these, 97\u20228% (843/862) were contacted. From these 843 people, 97\u20227% (824/843) were 18 or over and 53\u20227% (443/824) completed the follow-up questionnaire. Finally, of respondents 73\u20228% (327/443) responded 90 days or more after symptom onset. Included participants completed the follow-up questionnaire through self-assessment (71\u00b76% 234/327), telephone (24\u00b75% 80/327) or in outpatient clinic  years and of white ethnicity  did not feel they had fully recovered at the time of follow-up. At the univariable level, there were no associations between not feeling recovered and the risk factors of age, sex, ethnicity, and comorbidities  but we fA heatmap and dendrogram of symptom co-occurrence identified two major clusters of symptoms B; a fatiIn addition to symptomatic breathlessness, 46\u00b78% (153/327) of participants reported increased breathlessness compared to their pre-Covid-19 baseline. Overall, change in breathlessness was not affected by age or number of comorbidities , but wasOverall, intensity of fatigue was unrelated to age or disease severity in hospital , Table 2New or worsened disability in at least one Washington Group domain was experienced by 24\u00b72% (79/327). This did not change by in-hospital Covid-19 severity  or comorth centile to 0\u00b70 75th centile, Overall summary EQ5D-5L index was 10% lower overall following Covid-19 , the presence of comorbidity and initial in-hospital severity of Covid-19. This generated 6 groups; Males under 50 (34/327), males between 50 and 69 (114/327), males 70 and over (44/327), females under 50 (36/327), females between 50 and 69 (81/327), and females 70 and over (18/327). For the primary outcome of self-reported overall recovery, females under 50 were 5 times less likely to feel fully recovered . SimilarTo explore these findings further, we then looked to see if there were any differences in comorbidity or in-hospital disease severity by sex. We found males were significantly more likely to have greater comorbidity  and more4We found high rates of long-term symptoms and poor long-term outcomes, which were present several months after hospitalisation for Covid-19. This has implications for planning of care and rehabilitation pathways. These patients may present to multiple specialities within the health care system unless coordinated by a dedicated long Covid service. The range of syndromes identified highlights a need for long Covid clinics to triage patients for further comprehensive diagnostics, based on symptom cluster, including specialist imaging, for assessing underlying aetiology to inform treatment and improve outcomes. Females under 50, and those with severe acute disease requiring critical care had the worst long-term outcomes even after adjusting for severity of the initial illness. Interestingly, our findings were largely unaffected by existing patient comorbidities or disability.Our findings add considerably to the current literature, as we identify the main risk factor for worse long-term outcomes are being female and under the age of 50. We also have been able to quantify the significant deterioration in disability and breathlessness-related disability in detail. The range of symptoms reported include those which may be related to direct lung damage, such as breathlessness, and also those for which an underlying pathophysiological mechanism may be less clear such as fatigue, muscle pain and cognitive complaints. The latter group are also features of other post infectious syndromes and post intensive care syndrome, and may have a similar aetiology, such as infection triggered autoimmunity, dysautonomia or other mechanism Many of our findings are largely in agreement with other recent studies in other populations globally, which also found high rates of breathlessness and fatigue ,5. In thIn our study, being young, female and having a high severity of acute disease were the strongest independent predictors of poor long-term outcomes. It is unclear why females had the worst outcomes. This could be to do with the effects of initial exposure, where females are more likely to be in industries where exposure to SARS-CoV-2 may be higher There are several limitations to our study. First, we were not able to follow all the cases that were discharged from hospital, either because they did not give permission or because they did not respond to repeated requests for information. We attempted to reach non-responders to the survey via telephone follow-up to limit potential for selection bias, but not all could be reached. However the 73% response rate is substantially above the expected response rate for multi-modal questionaires (60%) Secondly, we did not include patients hospitalised with other non-Covid-19 illness or a contemporaneous control group, therefore it is unknown if the changes in our outcomes e.g. quality of life, are specific to recovery from Covid-19 or may be linked to other aspects of life during the pandemic. The study used to generate this data  is a prospective pandemic preparedness protocol which is agnostic to disease and has a pragmatic design to allow recruitment during pandemic conditions. Thirdly, patients only completed the survey at one timepoint, limiting comparison across repeat measures. This also meant retrospective measures asking patients to rate outcomes before their Covid-19 illness were included, which are open to recall bias. Fourth, the differences in collecting data  may add to heterogeneity in the data. Finally, as our study focussed on hospitalised patients primarily from the first wave of infection in the UK, our data cannot be generalised to those with disease managed in the community who comprise the majority of individuals affected by Covid-19.Future research should focus on establishing the optimal care of this cohort, identifying interventions to test in randomised trials and to identify the mechanisms underlying adverse long-term outcomes. The PHOSP-Covid  study is ongoing and will inform patient care by adding to our data on the long-term sequelae of Covid-19, looking at the impact on these of acute and post-discharge interventions, and exploring possible mechanisms including measurement of laboratory parameters and functional diagnostics 5In our study of 327 patients who were discharged alive from hospital, we found most participants reported symptoms months after acute Covid-19 infection. The most common symptoms were fatigue and breathlessness. Participants reported significant difficulties, including increased breathlessness, new or worsened disability and worse quality of life following Covid-19. These symptoms were largely independent of age and prior comorbidity, suggesting that the long-term effects of Covid-19 are determined by factors that differ from those that predict increased mortality. Moreover, the high frequency and severity of long-term symptoms emphasise the importance of long-Covid symptoms and the potential long-term impact on population health and wellbeing. The data highlights an urgent need for access to comprehensive assessments for people living with long Covid, including complex diagnostics to identify aetiology and inform appropriate treatment to improve long term Covid-19 outcomes.^ISARIC Global Covid-19 follow up working group:Adam Ali, John H Amuasi, Andrea Angheben, John Kenneth Baille, Valeria Balan, Ibrahim Richard Bangura, Anna Beltrame, Frank Bloos, Lucille Blumberg, Fernando Bozza, Danilo Buonsenso, Caterina Caminiti, Gail Carson, Daniel Cassaglia, Muge Cevik, Allegra Chatterjee, Andrew Dagens, Yash Doshi, Thomas M. Drake, Murray Dryden, Anne Margarita Dyrhol Riise, Michael Edelstein, Rob Fowler, Kyle Gomez, Katrina Hann, Ewen M Harrison, Madiha Hashmi, Lars Hegelund, Aquiles Henriquez Trujillo, Antonia Ho, Jan Cato Holter, Jane Ireson, Nina Jamieson, Waasila Jassat, Edwin Jesudason, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Sulaiman Lakoh, Nicola Latronico, James Lee, Wei Shen Lim, Sam Lissaeur, Nazir Lone, David J Lowe, Sinnadurai Manohan, Romans Matulevics, Joanne McPeake, Laura Merson, Roberta Meta, Melina Michelen, Sarah Moore, Ben Morton, Caroline Mudara, Daniel Munblit, Srinivas Murthy, Behzad Nadjm, Ebrahim Ndure, Nikita Nekliudov, Piero Olliaro, Carlo Palmieri, Prasan K Panda, Simone Piva, Daniel R Plotkin, Matteo Puntini, Jordi Rello, Liliana Resende, Luis Felipe Reyes, Ishmeala Rigby, Sergio Ruiz Saltana, Clark D Russell, Steffi Ryckaert, Janet T Scott, Malcolm G. Semple, Louise Sigfrid, Girish Sindhwani Pulm, Arne S\u00f8raas, Renaud Tamisier, Lance Turtle, Caroline Vika, Natalie Wright^^ISARIC4C investigators Consortium lead investigator:J Kenneth Baillie, Malcolm G Semple, Peter JM Openshaw; Gail Carson, Benjamin Bach, Wendy S Barclay, Debby Bogaert, Meera Chand, Graham S Cooke, Annemarie B Docherty, Jake Dunning, Ana da Silva Filipe, Tom Fletcher, Christoper A Green, Ewen M Harrison, Julian A Hiscox, Antonia Ying Wai Ho, Peter W Horby, Samreen Ijaz, Saye Khoo, Paul Klenerman, Andrew Law, Wei Shen Lim, Alexander J Mentzer, Laura Merson, Alison M Meynert, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Shona C Moore, Massimo Palmarini, William A Paxton, Georgios Pollakis, Nicholas Price, Andrew Rambaut, David L Robertson, Clark D Russell, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Janet T Scott, Thushan de Silva, Louise Sigfrid, Tom Solomon, Shiranee Sriskandan, David Stuart, Charlotte Summers, Richard S Tedder, Emma C Thomson, AA Roger Thompson, Ryan S Thwaites, Lance CW Turtle, Rishi K Gupta, Carlo Palmieri, Maria Zambon, Chloe Donohue, Ruth Lyons, Fiona Griffiths, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Riinu Pius, Thomas M Drake, Cameron J Fairfield, Stephen R Knight, Kenneth A Mclean, Derek Murphy, Catherine A Shaw, Michelle Girvan, Egle Saviciute, Stephanie Roberts, Janet Harrison, Laura Marsh, Marie Connor, Sophie Halpin, Clare Jackson, Carrol Gamble, Andrew Law, Murray Wham, Sara Clohisey, Ross Hendry, James Scott-Brown, Victoria Shaw, Sarah E McDonald, Jane A Armstrong, Milton Ashworth, Innocent G Asiimwe, Siddharth Bakshi, Samantha L Barlow, Laura Booth, Benjamin Brennan, Katie Bullock, Benjamin WA Catterall, Jordan J Clark, Emily A Clarke, Sarah Cole, Louise Cooper, Helen Cox, Christopher Davis, Oslem Dincarslan, Chris Dunn, Philip Dyer, Angela Elliott, Anthony Evans, Lorna Finch, Lewis WS Fisher, Terry Foster, Isabel Garcia-Dorival, William Greenhalf, Philip Gunning, Catherine Hartley, Rebecca L Jensen, Christopher B Jones, Trevor R Jones, Shadia Khandaker, Katharine King, Robyn T. Kiy, Chrysa Koukorava, Annette Lake, Suzannah Lant, Diane Latawiec, Lara Lavelle-Langham, Daniella Lefteri, Lauren Lett, Lucia A Livoti, Maria Mancini, Sarah McDonald, Laurence McEvoy, John McLauchlan, Soeren Metelmann, Nahida S Miah, Joanna Middleton, Joyce Mitchell, Shona C Moore, Ellen G Murphy, Rebekah Penrice-Randal, Jack Pilgrim, Tessa Prince, Will Reynolds, P. Matthew Ridley, Debby Sales, Victoria E Shaw, Rebecca K Shears, Benjamin Small, Krishanthi S Subramaniam, Agnieska Szemiel, Aislynn Taggart, Jolanta Tanianis-Hughes, Jordan Thomas, Erwan Trochu, Libby van Tonder, Eve Wilcock, J. Eunice Zhang, Lisa Flaherty, Nicole Maziere, Emily Cass, Alejandra Doce Carracedo, Nicola Carlucci, Anthony Holmes, Hannah Massey, Nicola Wrobel, Sarah McCafferty, Kirstie Morrice, Alan MacLean, Daniel Agranoff, Ken Agwuh, Dhiraj Ail, Erin L. Aldera, Ana Alegria, Brian Angus, Abdul Ashish, Dougal Atkinson, Shahedal Bari, Gavin Barlow, Stella Barnass, Nicholas Barrett, Christopher Bassford, Sneha Basude, David Baxter, Michael Beadsworth, Jolanta Bernatoniene, John Berridge, Nicola Best, Pieter Bothma, David Chadwick, Robin Brittain-Long, Naomi Bulteel, Tom Burden, Andrew Burtenshaw, Vikki Caruth, David Chadwick, Duncan Chambler, Nigel Chee, Jenny Child, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Tom Clark, Paul Collini, Catherine Cosgrove, Jason Cupitt, Maria-Teresa Cutino-Moguel, Paul Dark, Chris Dawson, Samir Dervisevic, Phil Donnison, Sam Douthwaite, Ingrid DuRand, Ahilanadan Dushianthan, Tristan Dyer, Cariad Evans, Chi Eziefula, Chrisopher Fegan, Adam Finn, Duncan Fullerton, Sanjeev Garg, Sanjeev Garg, Atul Garg, Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas, Jo Godden, Arthur Goldsmith, Clive Graham, Elaine Hardy, Stuart Hartshorn, Daniel Harvey, Peter Havalda, Daniel B Hawcutt, Maria Hobrok, Luke Hodgson, Anil Hormis, Michael Jacobs, Susan Jain, Paul Jennings, Agilan Kaliappan, Vidya Kasipandian, Stephen Kegg, Michael Kelsey, Jason Kendall, Caroline Kerrison, Ian Kerslake, Oliver Koch, Gouri Koduri, George Koshy, Shondipon Laha, Steven Laird, Susan Larkin, Tamas Leiner, Patrick Lillie, James Limb, Vanessa Linnett, Jeff Little, Mark Lyttle, Michael MacMahon, Emily MacNaughton, Ravish Mankregod, Huw Masson, Elijah Matovu, Katherine McCullough, Ruth McEwen, Manjula Meda, Gary Mills, Jane Minton, Mariyam Mirfenderesky, Kavya Mohandas, Quen Mok, James Moon, Elinoor Moore, Patrick Morgan, Craig Morris, Katherine Mortimore, Samuel Moses, Mbiye Mpenge, Rohinton Mulla, Michael Murphy, Megan Nagel, Thapas Nagarajan, Mark Nelson, Matthew K. O'Shea, Igor Otahal, Marlies Ostermann, Mark Pais, Selva Panchatsharam, Danai Papakonstantinou, Hassan Paraiso, Brij Patel, Natalie Pattison, Justin Pepperell, Mark Peters, Mandeep Phull, Stefania Pintus, Jagtur Singh Pooni, Frank Post, David Price, Rachel Prout, Nikolas Rae, Henrik Reschreiter, Tim Reynolds, Neil Richardson, Mark Roberts, Devender Roberts, Alistair Rose, Guy Rousseau, Brendan Ryan, Taranprit Saluja, Aarti Shah, Prad Shanmuga, Anil Sharma, Anna Shawcross, Jeremy Sizer, Manu Shankar-Hari, Richard Smith, Catherine Snelson, Nick Spittle, Nikki Staines, Tom Stambach, Richard Stewart, Pradeep Subudhi, Tamas Szakmany, Kate Tatham, Jo Thomas, Chris Thompson, Robert Thompson, Ascanio Tridente, Darell Tupper-Carey, Mary Twagira, Andrew Ustianowski, Nick Vallotton, Lisa Vincent-Smith, Shico Visuvanathan, Alan Vuylsteke, Sam Waddy, Rachel Wake, Andrew Walden, Ingeborg Welters, Tony Whitehouse, Paul Whittaker, Ashley Whittington, Padmasayee Papineni, Meme Wijesinghe, Martin Williams, Lawrence Wilson, Sarah Cole, Stephen Winchester, Martin Wiselka, Adam Wolverson, Daniel G Wooton, Andrew Workman, Bryan Yates, Peter Young.JTS, LS, MGS developed the concept of the follow up study. JTS, LS, LWS, TMD, EJ, WLS, CB, DJL, MC, JMcP, NL, EMH, DM, CR, AH, LT, PB, and the ISARIC Global Covid-19 follow up working group developed the follow up protocol and methodology. ISARIC4C investigators identified participants during the acute admission and entered acute phase data. PB, CD, HH, RS, JH, AG coordinated follow up survey distribution, data entry, AG, AC, LG conducted telephone follow up. LS, JTS, GC, HH coordinated resources. LS, JTS, TMD, EP, AD, PO, EH, ABD were involved in data visualisation. TMD, EP, LS, JTS, MEO'H, PJMO, CH, CEH, JKB, ABD, MGS analysed and interpreted the data. LS, TMD, EP, JTS wrote the original draft of the manuscript. All authors reviewed, and revised the manuscript prior to submission. JTS is the guarantor.CRD declares funding from the Medical Research Council, UK. JM reports a University of Cambridge Research Fellowship.\u00a0WSL reports unrestricted investigator-initiated research funding from Pfizer for an unrelated multi-centre study in pneumonia, in which WSL is the CI and UK NIHR research funding for unrelated clinical trials in the fields of COVID-19, tuberculosis and community-acquired pneumonia. WSL's role on the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI), UK and chair of COVID-19 Immunisation and as National Lead on British Thoracic Society community acquired pneumonia audit programme is unpaid and unrelated to this work. CB declares a British Heart Foundation Centre award, and a project grants from the Chief Scientist Office, Scottish Government CSO Long Term Effects and from Heart Research UK unrelated to this work. LG declares support from Pfizer & Gilead for attendance at an educational meeting in Nov 2018 and April 2019, for cost of conference registration fee, accommodation and flights unrelated to this work. PJMO reports personal fees from consultancy, grants from MRC, EU, NIHR Biomedical Research Centres, MRC/GSK, Wellcome Trust, NIHR (HPRU) and NIHR Senior Investigator Award. Personal fees from European Respiratory Society, grants from MRC Global Challenge Research fund, other from Nestle Discussion Forum (unpaid), Pfizer antivirals advisory board (unpaid) outside of the submitted work and the role of President of the British Society for Immunology was an unpaid appointment but PJMO's travel and accommodation at some meetings is provided by the Society. MGS reports grants from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Medical Research Council. NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with Public Health England (PHE), in collaboration with Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and the University of Oxford. All other authors have no interests to declare."}
+{"text": "Human Reproduction Open, 2021, hoab002, https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoab002In the originally published version of this manuscript, the first name/family name order of each of the authors\u2019 names were incorrect. The author list should read: \u201cMarjan Van Reckem, Christophe Blockeel, Maryse Bonduelle, Andrea Buysse, Mathieu Roelants, Greta Verheyen, Herman Tournaye, Frederik Hes, and Florence Belva\u201d instead of \u201cVan Reckem Marjan, Blockeel Christophe, Bonduelle Maryse, Buysse Andrea, Roelants Mathieu, Verheyen Greta, Tournaye Herman, Hes Frederik, and Belva Florence\u201d. This error has now been corrected online."}
+{"text": "Muhammad Ammar Malik is not included in the author byline. Muhammad Ammar Malik should be listed as the third author, and their affiliations are the Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea and the Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236493The correct citation is: Lee B, Yamanakkanavar N, Malik MA, Choi JY (2020) Automatic segmentation of brain MRI using a novel patch-wise U-net deep architecture. PLoS ONE 15(8): e0236493. The contributions of this author are as follows: Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Writing\u2013original draftThe complete author contributions are therefore as follows:Conceptualization: BL, JYCFormal analysis: BL, MAM, JYCFunding acquisition: BLInvestigation: NY, MAM, JYCMethodology: BL, NY, MAMProject administration: BLSoftware: BL, NY, MAMSupervision: JYCValidation: NY, JYC,Visualization: NY, JYCWriting\u2013original draft: BL, MAM, JYCWriting\u2013review & editing: BL, NY, JYC"}
+{"text": "In\u00a0vitro, we show that, although \u0394H69/V70 itself is not an antibody evasion mechanism, it increases infectivity associated with enhanced incorporation of cleaved spike into virions. \u0394H69/V70 is able to partially rescue infectivity of spike proteins that have acquired N439K and Y453F escape mutations by increased spike incorporation. In addition, replacement of the H69 and V70 residues in the Alpha variant B.1.1.7 spike  impairs spike incorporation and entry efficiency of the B.1.1.7 spike pseudotyped virus. Alpha variant B.1.1.7 spike mediates faster kinetics of cell-cell fusion than wild-type Wuhan-1 D614G, dependent on \u0394H69/V70. Therefore, as \u0394H69/V70 compensates for immune escape mutations that impair infectivity, continued surveillance for deletions with functional effects is warranted.We report severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike \u0394H69/V70 in multiple independent lineages, often occurring after acquisition of receptor binding motif replacements such as N439K and Y453F, known to increase binding affinity to the ACE2 receptor and confer antibody escape.   \u2022Spike \u0394H69/V70 does not confer escape from antibodies\u2022Spike \u0394H69/V70 increases cleaved S2 and spike infectivity\u2022B.1.1.7 requires \u0394H69/V70 for efficient cleaved spike incorporation and infectivity\u2022B.1.1.7 spike requires \u0394H69/V70 for rapid syncytium formation Meng et\u00a0al. report that the SARS-CoV-2 spike \u0394H69/V70 has arisen multiple times. The deletion increases entry efficiency associated with increased cleaved spike in virions and can compensate for loss of infectivity. The B.1.1.7 spike requires \u0394H69/V70 for efficient cell entry and cell-cell fusion activity. In addisma (CP) . Deletiosma (CP)  and redusma (CP) .Here we analyze global SARS-CoV-2 data and find that \u0394H69/V70 occurs independently, often emerging after a significant RBD amino acid replacement, such as Y453F and N439K, which are known to facilitate neutralizing antibody escape or alter ACE2 binding while incurring an infectivity defect, according to some reports . AlthougThe deletion H69/V70 is present in over 600,000 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences worldwide and has seen global expansion, particularly across much of Europe, Africa, and Asia . \u0394H69/V7in silico. The \u0394H69/V70 was predicted to alter the conformation of a protruding loop comprising residues 69\u201376, pulling it in toward the NTD  was co-transfected in HEK293T producer cells along with plasmids encoding a lentiviral capsid and genome for luciferase. Infectivity was adjusted for input reverse-transcriptase activity; we observed a 2-fold increase in PV infectivity of \u0394H69/V70 compared with the WT in HeLa cervical epithelial cells stably expressing human ACE2 A and 3B.Western blotting for S2 spike indicated a higher amount of cleaved spike in \u0394H69/V70 bearing virions and in the HEK293T producer cell lysates. We also noted a corresponding reduction in uncleaved full-length (FL) spike C. DensitSARS-CoV-2 entry into target cells is thought to take place by two distinct routes following binding to ACE2 A. The fiThe altered level of S1/S2 cleavage in SARS-CoV-2 has been linked to its dependence on viral entry through membrane fusion or endocytosis in HEK293T and A549 cells . We therin\u00a0vitro  PVs in VeroE6 target cells expressing TMPRSS2. We found that 7 of 12 NTD-specific mAbs (58%) showed a marked decrease or complete loss of neutralizing activity to B.1.1.7 and B.1.1.7 H69/V70 (>30-fold-change reduction), suggesting that, in a sizeable fraction of NTD antibodies, the H69/V70 deletion is not responsible for their loss of neutralizing activity  or cells . The rolor cells . We expror cells A. All spor cells B\u20137D. We Finally, to investigate the importance of this part of spike beyond SARS-CoV-2 for other coronaviruses with zoonotic potential, we examined the 69/70 region of spike in a set of other known sarbecoviruses A\u2013S4C. WeFurthermore, the two almost identical bat viruses sequenced recently from Cambodian samples, RShSTT182 and RShSTT200 , possessWe have presented data demonstrating multiple independent and circulating lineages of SARS-CoV-2 variants bearing spike \u0394H69/V70. This recurring deletion, spanning 6 nt, is due to an out-of-frame deletion of 6 nt and occurs in the terminal loop of a helix loop motif within the predicted RNA structure, as do other NTD deletions observed in new variants, such as B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.617 (Delta), B.1.351 (Beta), and P.1 (Gamma) . Stable We find that \u0394H69/V70 does not significantly reduce the sensitivity of spike to neutralizing antibodies in serum from a group of recovered individuals or binding of multiple mAbs directed against the NTD. In addition, we have shown that repair of \u0394H69/V70 does not appreciably alter the potency of NTD antibodies against the B.1.1.7 spike. Thus, the deletion is unlikely to be an immune escape mechanism. Instead, our experimental results demonstrate that \u0394H69/V70 is able increase infectivity of the Wuhan-1 D614G spike PV as well as the PV bearing the additional RBD mutations N439K or Y453F, explaining why the deletion is often observed after these immune escape mutations that carry infectivity cost . We showin\u00a0vivo.We have found consistent differences in spike as well as cleaved spike in the producer cell and its incorporation into PV particles when comparing \u0394H69/V70 with a Wuhan-1 spike (both with D614G). This could be explained by stability during intracellular trafficking or the route taken to the surface, differences in post-translational modification of the spike protein, or membrane characteristics at the budding site of virus or virus-like particles. Because the amount of spike incorporation into virions reflects the spike in the cells, virion formation is likely unaffected by \u0394H69/V70. Interestingly, although pharmacological inhibition of furin by CMK in producer cells did prevent S1/S2 cleavage and altered the balance of S2:FL spike in cells and virions, PV infectivity was not reduced by drug treatment. These data suggest that the increase in entry efficiency conferred by spike \u0394H69/V70 is independent of spike S1/S2 cleavage. Similar findings regarding the lack of relationship between the balance of S2:FL and infectivity have been reported in the context of furin knockout cells rather than furin inhibition with CMK . In addiWe explored the entry route of \u0394H69/V70 spike using cathepsin inhibition to block endosomal entry and camostat to block entry via plasma membrane fusion. \u0394H69/V70 spike was as sensitive to camostat and the cathepsin inhibitor ED64 as the WT, arguing that the efficiency of entry route is similar despite differences in cleaved spike. Although S1/S2 cleavage allows\u00a0avoidance of endosome-associated IFITM restriction and appears to be critical for transmission in animal models , cleavedThe Alpha variant Al (B.1.1.7), bearing seven spike mutations, is responsible for a new pandemic phase that is demonstrably more pathogenic  and moreWe show that Alpha variant B.1.1.7 spike has similar infectivity as WT D614G spike, consistent with data on live B.1.1.7 virus in human airway epithelial cells  but in cOf greatest potential importance is our observation that Alpha variant B.1.1.7 spike mediates faster syncytium formation and that this enhanced cell-cell fusion activity is dependent on \u0394H69/V70. Syncytium formation is a key feature of severe and fatal COVID-19  and implAlthough we combined epidemiological, evolutionary, protein and RNA structure, and experimental data in our study, a limitation is that the experiments were conducted with PVs and coronavirus-like particles rather than replication-competent viruses. We also carried out experiments in cells overexpressing receptors, although the results were recapitulated in lung\u00a0cell lines expressing endogenous levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2.Detection and surveillance of B.1.1.7 has been facilitated in the United Kingdom by the phenomenon of SGTF (S[pike] gene target failure) because of primers in the Thermo Fisher Scientific SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic qPCR assay used by a significant number of testing facilities. The S gene target (binding in the region of H69/V70) is one of three; therefore, a marker for the spread of B.1.1.7 has been tracked by loss of signal in the S gene target . HoweverGiven the emergence of multiple clusters of variants carrying RBD mutations and \u0394H69/V70 , limitation of transmission takes on renewed urgency. As another example, a new VOC bearing \u0394H69/V70 with E484K was recently identified (B.1.525). Comprehensive vaccination efforts should be accelerated to limit transmission and acquisition of further mutations, and future vaccines could include \u0394H69/V70 to close this route for virus evolution, assuming that effective neutralizing antibodies to this region are generated. Fortunately, our experiments with RaTG13 demonstrate that \u0394H69/V70 may not enhance the infectivity of other bat sarbecoviruses with zoonotic potential.We found that a two-amino-acid deletion, \u0394H69/V70, promotes SARS-CoV-2 spike incorporation into viral particles and increases infectivity by a mechanism that remains to be fully explained. This deletion has arisen multiple times and often after spike antibody escape mutations that reduce spike-mediated entry efficiency. Critically, B.1.1.7 spike mediates faster syncitium formation, and this enhanced cell-cell fusion activity is dependent on \u0394H69/V70. In addition, B.1.1.7 spike requires \u0394H69/V70 for optimal infectivity, and we conclude that \u0394H69/V70 enables SARS-CoV-2 to tolerate multiple immune escape mutations while maintaining infectivity and fusogenicity.The members of the COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium are Samuel C. Robson, Nicholas J. Loman, Thomas R. Connor, Tanya Golubchik, Rocio T. Martinez Nunez, Catherine Ludden, Sally Corden, Ian Johnston, David Bonsall, Colin P. Smith, Ali R. Awan, Giselda Bucca, M. Estee Torok, Kordo Saeed, Jacqui A. Prieto, David K. Jackson, William L. Hamilton, Luke B. Snell, Catherine Moore, Ewan M. Harrison, Sonia Goncalves, Derek J. Fairley, Matthew W. Loose, Joanne Watkins, Rich Livett, Samuel Moses, Roberto Amato, Sam Nicholls, Matthew Bull, Darren L. Smith, Jeff Barrett, David M. Aanensen, Martin D. Curran, Surendra Parmar, Dinesh Aggarwal, James G. Shepherd, Matthew D. Parker, Sharon Glaysher, Matthew Bashton, Anthony P. Underwood, Nicole Pacchiarini, Katie F. Loveson, Kate E. Templeton, Cordelia F. Langford, John Sillitoe, Thushan I. de Silva, Dennis Wang, Dominic Kwiatkowski, Andrew Rambaut, Justin O\u2019Grady, Simon Cottrell, Matthew T. G. Holden, Emma C. Thomson, Husam Osman, Monique Andersson, Anoop J. Chauhan, Mohammed O. Hassan-Ibrahim, Mara Lawniczak, Alex Alderton, Meera Chand, Chrystala Constantinidou, Meera Unnikrishnan, Alistair C. Darby, Julian A. Hiscox, Steve Paterson, Inigo Martincorena, Erik M. Volz, Andrew J. Page, Oliver G. Pybus, Andrew R. Bassett, Cristina V. Ariani, Michael H. Spencer Chapman, Kathy K. Li, Rajiv N. Shah, Natasha G. Jesudason, Yusri Taha, Martin P. McHugh, Rebecca Dewar, Aminu S. Jahun, Claire McMurray, Sarojini Pandey, James P. McKenna, Andrew Nelson, Gregory R. Young, Clare M. McCann, Scott Elliott, Hannah Lowe, Ben Temperton, Sunando Roy, Anna Price, Sara Rey, Matthew Wyles, Stefan Rooke, Sharif Shaaban, Mariateresa de Cesare, Laura Letchford, Siona Silveira, Emanuela Pelosi, Eleri Wilson-Davies, Myra Hosmillo, \u00c1ine O\u2019Toole, Andrew R. Hesketh, Richard Stark, Louis du Plessis, Chris Ruis, Helen Adams, Yann Bourgeois, Stephen L. Michell, Dimitris Gramatopoulos, Jonathan Edgeworth, Judith Breuer, John A. Todd, Christophe Fraser, David Buck, Michaela John, Gemma L. Kay, Steve Palmer, Sharon J. Peacock, David Heyburn, Danni Weldon, Esther Robinson, Alan McNally, Peter Muir, Ian B. Vipond, John Boyes, Venkat Sivaprakasam, Tranprit Salluja, Samir Dervisevic, Emma J. Meader, Naomi R. Park, Karen Oliver, Aaron R. Jeffries, Sascha Ott, Ana da Silva Filipe, David A. Simpson, Chris Williams, Jane A. H. Masoli, Bridget A. Knight, Christopher R. Jones, Cherian Koshy, Amy Ash, Anna Casey, Andrew Bosworth, Liz Ratcliffe, Li Xu-McCrae, Hannah M. Pymont, Stephanie Hutchings, Lisa Berry, Katie Jones, Fenella Halstead, Thomas Davis, Christopher Holmes, Miren Iturriza-Gomara, Anita O. Lucaci, Paul Anthony Randell, Alison Cox, Pinglawathee Madona, Kathryn Ann Harris, Julianne Rose Brown, Tabitha W. Mahungu, Dianne Irish-Tavares, Tanzina Haque, Jennifer Hart, Eric Witele, Melisa Louise Fenton, Steven Liggett, Clive Graham, Emma Swindells, Jennifer Collins, Gary Eltringham, Sharon Campbell, Patrick C. McClure, Gemma Clark, Tim J. Sloan, Carl Jones, Jessica Lynch, Ben Warne, Steven Leonard, Jillian Durham, Thomas Williams, Sam T. Haldenby, Nathaniel Storey, Nabil-Fareed Alikhan, Nadine Holmes, Christopher Moore, Matthew Carlile, Malorie Perry, Noel Craine, Ronan A. Lyons, Angela H. Beckett, Salman Goudarzi, Christopher Fearn, Kate Cook, Hannah Dent, Hannah Paul, Robert Davies, Beth Blane, Sophia T. Girgis, Mathew A. Beale, Katherine L. Bellis, Matthew J. Dorman, Eleanor Drury, Leanne Kane, Sally Kay, Samantha McGuigan, Rachel Nelson, Liam Prestwood, Shavanthi Rajatileka, Rahul Batra, Rachel J. Williams, Mark Kristiansen, Angie Green, Anita Justice, Adhyana I. K. Mahanama, Buddhini Samaraweera, Nazreen F. Hadjirin, Joshua Quick, Radoslaw Poplawski, Leanne M. Kermack, Nicola Reynolds, Grant Hall, Yasmin Chaudhry, Malte L. Pinckert, Iliana Georgana, Robin J. Moll, Alicia Thornton, Richard Myers, Joanne Stockton, Charlotte A. Williams, Wen C. Yew, Alexander J. Trotter, Amy Trebes, George MacIntyre-Cockett, Alec Birchley, Alexander Adams, Amy Plimmer, Bree Gatica-Wilcox, Caoimhe McKerr, Ember Hilvers, Hannah Jones, Hibo Asad, Jason Coombes, Johnathan M. Evans, Laia Fina, Lauren Gilbert, Lee Graham, Michelle Cronin, Sara Kumziene-Summerhayes, Sarah Taylor, Sophie Jones, Danielle C. Groves, Peijun Zhang, Marta Gallis, Stavroula F. Louka, Igor Starinskij, Chris Jackson, Marina Gourtovaia, Gerry Tonkin-Hill, Kevin Lewis, Jaime M. Tovar-Corona, Keith James, Laura Baxter, Mohammad T. Alam, Richard J. Orton, Joseph Hughes, Sreenu Vattipally, Manon Ragonnet-Cronin, Fabricia F. Nascimento, David Jorgensen, Olivia Boyd, Lily Geidelberg, Alex E. Zarebski, Jayna Raghwani, Moritz U. G. Kraemer, Joel Southgate, Benjamin B. Lindsey, Timothy M. Freeman, Jon-Paul Keatley, Joshua B. Singer, Leonardo de Oliveira Martins, Corin A. Yeats, Khalil Abudahab, Ben E. W. Taylor, Mirko Menegazzo, John Danesh, Wendy Hogsden, Sahar Eldirdiri, Anita Kenyon, Jenifer Mason, Trevor I. Robinson, Alison Holmes, James Price, John A. Hartley, Tanya Curran, Alison E. Mather, Giri Shankar, Rachel Jones, Robin Howe, Sian Morgan, Elizabeth Wastenge, Michael R. Chapman, Siddharth Mookerjee, Rachael Stanley, Wendy Smith, Timothy Peto, David Eyre, Derrick Crook, Gabrielle Vernet, Christine Kitchen, Huw Gulliver, Ian Merrick, Martyn Guest, Robert Munn, Declan T. Bradley, Tim Wyatt, Charlotte Beaver, Luke Foulser, Sophie Palmer, Carol M. Churcher, Ellena Brooks, Kim S. Smith, Katerina Galai, Georgina M. McManus, Frances Bolt, Francesc Coll, Lizzie Meadows, Stephen W. Attwood, Alisha Davies, Elen De Lacy, Fatima Downing, Sue Edwards, Garry P. Scarlett, Sarah Jeremiah, Nikki Smith, Danielle Leek, Sushmita Sridhar, Sally Forrest, Claire Cormie, Harmeet K. Gill, Joana Dias, Ellen E. Higginson, Mailis Maes, Jamie Young, Michelle Wantoch, Dorota Jamrozy, Stephanie Lo, Minal Patel, Verity Hill, Claire M. Bewshea, Sian Ellard, Cressida Auckland, Ian Harrison, Chloe Bishop, Vicki Chalker, Alex Richter, Andrew Beggs, Angus Best, Benita Percival, Jeremy Mirza, Oliver Megram, Megan Mayhew, Liam Crawford, Fiona Ashcroft, Emma Moles-Garcia, Nicola Cumley, Richard Hopes, Patawee Asamaphan, Marc O. Niebel, Rory N. Gunson, Amanda Bradley, Alasdair Maclean, Guy Mollett, Rachel Blacow, Paul Bird, Thomas Helmer, Karlie Fallon, Julian Tang, Antony D. Hale, Louissa R. Macfarlane-Smith, Katherine L. Harper, Holli Carden, Nicholas W. Machin, Kathryn A. Jackson, Shazaad S. Y. Ahmad, Ryan P. George, Lance Turtle, Elaine O\u2019Toole, Joanne Watts, Cassie Breen, Angela Cowell, Adela Alcolea-Medina, Themoula Charalampous, Amita Patel, Lisa J. Levett, Judith Heaney, Aileen Rowan, Graham P. Taylor, Divya Shah, Laura Atkinson, Jack C. D. Lee, Adam P. Westhorpe, Riaz Jannoo, Helen L. Lowe, Angeliki Karamani, Leah Ensell, Wendy Chatterton, Monika Pusok, Ashok Dadrah, Amanda Symmonds, Graciela Sluga, Zoltan Molnar, Paul Baker, Stephen Bonner, Sarah Essex, Edward Barton, Debra Padgett, Garren Scott, Jane Greenaway, Brendan A. I. Payne, Shirelle Burton-Fanning, Sheila Waugh, Veena Raviprakash, Nicola Sheriff, Victoria Blakey, Lesley-Anne Williams, Jonathan Moore, Susanne Stonehouse, Louise Smith, Rose K. Davidson, Luke Bedford, Lindsay Coupland, Victoria Wright, Joseph G. Chappell, Theocharis Tsoleridis, Jonathan Ball, Manjinder Khakh, Vicki M. Fleming, Michelle M. Lister, Hannah C. Howson-Wells, Louise Berry, Tim Boswell, Amelia Joseph, Iona Willingham, Nichola Duckworth, Sarah Walsh, Emma Wise, Nathan Moore, Matilde Mori, Nick Cortes, Stephen Kidd, Rebecca Williams, Laura Gifford, Kelly Bicknell, Sarah Wyllie, Allyson Lloyd, Robert Impey, Cassandra S. Malone, Benjamin J. Cogger, Nick Levene, Lynn Monaghan, Alexander J. Keeley, David G. Partridge, Mohammad Raza, Cariad Evans, Kate Johnson, Emma Betteridge, Ben W. Farr, Scott Goodwin, Michael A. Quail, Carol Scott, Lesley Shirley, Scott A. J. Thurston, Diana Rajan, Iraad F. Bronner, Louise Aigrain, Nicholas M. Redshaw, Stefanie V. Lensing, Shane McCarthy, Alex Makunin, Carlos E. Balcazar, Michael D. Gallagher, Kathleen A. Williamson, Thomas D. Stanton, Michelle L. Michelsen, Joanna Warwick-Dugdale, Robin Manley, Audrey Farbos, James W. Harrison, Christine M. Sambles, David J. Studholme, Angie Lackenby, Tamyo Mbisa, Steven Platt, Shahjahan Miah, David Bibby, Carmen Manso, Jonathan Hubb, Gavin Dabrera, Mary Ramsay, Daniel Bradshaw, Ulf Schaefer, Natalie Groves, Eileen Gallagher, David Lee, David Williams, Nicholas Ellaby, Hassan Hartman, Nikos Manesis, Vineet Patel, Juan Ledesma, Katherine A. Twohig, Elias Allara, Clare Pearson, Jeffrey K. J. Cheng, Hannah E. Bridgewater, Lucy R. Frost, Grace Taylor-Joyce, Paul E. Brown, Lily Tong, Alice Broos, Daniel Mair, Jenna Nichols, Stephen N. Carmichael, Katherine L. Smollett, Kyriaki Nomikou, Elihu Aranday-Cortes, Natasha Johnson, Seema Nickbakhsh, Edith E. Vamos, Margaret Hughes, Lucille Rainbow, Richard Eccles, Charlotte Nelson, Mark Whitehead, Richard Gregory, Matthew Gemmell, Claudia Wierzbicki, Hermione J. Webster, Chloe L. Fisher, Adrian W. Signell, Gilberto Betancor, Harry D. Wilson, Gaia Nebbia, Flavia Flaviani, Alberto C. Cerda, Tammy V. Merrill, Rebekah E. Wilson, Marius Cotic, Nadua Bayzid, Thomas Thompson, Erwan Acheson, Steven Rushton, Sarah O\u2019Brien, David J. Baker, Steven Rudder, Alp Aydin, Fei Sang, Johnny Debebe, Sarah Francois, Tetyana I. Vasylyeva, Marina Escalera Zamudio, Bernardo Gutierrez, Angela Marchbank, Joshua Maksimovic, Karla Spellman, Kathryn McCluggage, Mari Morgan, Robert Beer, Safiah Afifi, Trudy Workman, William Fuller, Catherine Bresner, Adrienn Angyal, Luke R. Green, Paul J. Parsons, Rachel M. Tucker, Rebecca Brown, Max Whiteley, James Bonfield, Christoph Puethe, Andrew Whitwham, Jennifier Liddle, Will Rowe, Igor Siveroni, Thanh Le-Viet, Amy Gaskin, Rob Johnson, Irina Abnizova, Mozam Ali, Laura Allen, Ralph Anderson, Cristina Ariani, Siobhan Austin-Guest, Sendu Bala, Jeffrey Barrett, Andrew Bassett, Kristina Battleday, James Beal, Mathew Beale, Sam Bellany, Tristram Bellerby, Katie Bellis, Duncan Berger, Matt Berriman, Paul Bevan, Simon Binley, Jason Bishop, Kirsty Blackburn, Nick Boughton, Sam Bowker, Timothy Brendler-Spaeth, Iraad Bronner, Tanya Brooklyn, Sarah Kay Buddenborg, Robert Bush, Catarina Caetano, Alex Cagan, Nicola Carter, Joanna Cartwright, Tiago Carvalho Monteiro, Liz Chapman, Tracey-Jane Chillingworth, Peter Clapham, Richard Clark, Adrian Clarke, Catriona Clarke, Daryl Cole, Elizabeth Cook, Maria Coppola, Linda Cornell, Clare Cornwell, Craig Corton, Abby Crackett, Alison Cranage, Harriet Craven, Sarah Craw, Mark Crawford, Tim Cutts, Monika Dabrowska, Matt Davies, Joseph Dawson, Callum Day, Aiden Densem, Thomas Dibling, Cat Dockree, David Dodd, Sunil Dogga, Matthew Dorman, Gordon Dougan, Martin Dougherty, Alexander Dove, Lucy Drummond, Monika Dudek, Laura Durrant, Elizabeth Easthope, Sabine Eckert, Pete Ellis, Ben Farr, Michael Fenton, Marcella Ferrero, Neil Flack, Howerd Fordham, Grace Forsythe, Matt Francis, Audrey Fraser, Adam Freeman, Anastasia Galvin, Maria Garcia-Casado, Alex Gedny, Sophia Girgis, James Glover, Oliver Gould, Andy Gray, Emma Gray, Coline Griffiths, Yong Gu, Florence Guerin, Will Hamilton, Hannah Hanks, Ewan Harrison, Alexandria Harrott, Edward Harry, Julia Harvison, Paul Heath, Anastasia Hernandez-Koutoucheva, Rhiannon Hobbs, Dave Holland, Sarah Holmes, Gary Hornett, Nicholas Hough, Liz Huckle, Lena Hughes-Hallet, Adam Hunter, Stephen Inglis, Sameena Iqbal, Adam Jackson, David Jackson, Carlos Jimenez Verdejo, Matthew Jones, Kalyan Kallepally, Keely Kay, Jon Keatley, Alan Keith, Alison King, Lucy Kitchin, Matt Kleanthous, Martina Klimekova, Petra Korlevic, Ksenia Krasheninnkova, Greg Lane, Cordelia Langford, Adam Laverack, Katharine Law, Stefanie Lensing, Amanah Lewis-Wade, Jennifer Liddle, Quan Lin, Sarah Lindsay, Sally Linsdell, Rhona Long, Jamie Lovell, Jon Lovell, James Mack, Mark Maddison, Aleksei Makunin, Irfan Mamun, Jenny Mansfield, Neil Marriott, Matt Martin, Matthew Mayho, Jo McClintock, Sandra McHugh, Liz McMinn, Carl Meadows, Emily Mobley, Robin Moll, Maria Morra, Leanne Morrow, Kathryn Murie, Sian Nash, Claire Nathwani, Plamena Naydenova, Alexandra Neaverson, Ed Nerou, Jon Nicholson, Tabea Nimz, Guillaume G. Noell, Sarah O\u2019Meara, Valeriu Ohan, Charles Olney, Doug Ormond, Agnes Oszlanczi, Yoke Fei Pang, Barbora Pardubska, Naomi Park, Aaron Parmar, Gaurang Patel, Maggie Payne, Sharon Peacock, Arabella Petersen, Deborah Plowman, Tom Preston, Michael Quail, Richard Rance, Suzannah Rawlings, Nicholas Redshaw, Joe Reynolds, Mark Reynolds, Simon Rice, Matt Richardson, Connor Roberts, Katrina Robinson, Melanie Robinson, David Robinson, Hazel Rogers, Eduardo Martin Rojo, Daljit Roopra, Mark Rose, Luke Rudd, Ramin Sadri, Nicholas Salmon, David Saul, Frank Schwach, Phil Seekings, Alison Simms, Matt Sinnott, Shanthi Sivadasan, Bart Siwek, Dale Sizer, Kenneth Skeldon, Jason Skelton, Joanna Slater-Tunstill, Lisa Sloper, Nathalie Smerdon, Chris Smith, Christen Smith, James Smith, Katie Smith, Michelle Smith, Sean Smith, Tina Smith, Leighton Sneade, Carmen Diaz Soria, Catarina Sousa, Emily Souster, Andrew Sparkes, Michael Spencer-Chapman, Janet Squares, Robert Stanley, Claire Steed, Tim Stickland, Ian Still, Mike Stratton, Michelle Strickland, Allen Swann, Agnieszka Swiatkowska, Neil Sycamore, Emma Swift, Edward Symons, Suzanne Szluha, Emma Taluy, Nunu Tao, Katy Taylor, Sam Taylor, Stacey Thompson, Mark Thompson, Mark Thomson, Nicholas Thomson, Scott Thurston, Dee Toombs, Benjamin Topping, Jaime Tovar-Corona, Daniel Ungureanu, James Uphill, Jana Urbanova, Philip Jansen Van, Valerie Vancollie, Paul Voak, Danielle Walker, Matthew Walker, Matt Waller, Gary Ward, Charlie Weatherhogg, Niki Webb, Alan Wells, Eloise Wells, Luke Westwood, Theo Whipp, Thomas Whiteley, Georgia Whitton, Sara Widaa, Mia Williams, Mark Wilson, and Sean Wright.rkg20@cam.ac.uk.Further information should be directed to and will be fulfilled by the Lead Contact, Ravindra K. Gupta This study did not generate new unique reagents.Raw anonymized data are available from the lead contact without restriction.The study was primarily a laboratory based study using pseudotyped virus (PV) with mutations generates by site directed mutagenesis. We tested infectivity in cell lines with a range of drug inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. Sensitivity to antibodies in serum was tested using convalescent sera from recovered individuals collected as part of the Cambridge NIHR Bioresource. We also performed phylogenetic analyses of data available publicly in GISAID.Ethical approval for use of serum samples. Controls with COVID-19 were enrolled to the NIHR BioResource Centre Cambridge under ethics review board (17/EE/0025).https://gisaid.org/; th February 2021. Low-quality sequences (> 5% N regions) were removed, leaving a dataset of 491,395 sequences with a length of > 29,000bp. Sequences were deduplicated and then filtered to find the mutations of interest. All sequences were realigned to the SARS-CoV-2 reference strain MN908947.3, using MAFFT v7.475 with automatic strategy selection and the\u2013keeplength\u2013addfragments options (https://clades.nextstrain.org/), Pangolin v2.4.2 (https://github.com/cov-lineages/pangolin) and a local instance of the PangoLEARN model, dated 18th April 21:49 (https://github.com/cov-lineages/pangoLEARN).All available full-genome SARS-CoV-2 sequences were downloaded from the GISAID database  and ggtree v2.2.4 rooted on the SARS-CoV-2 reference sequence and nodes arranged in descending order. Nodes with bootstraps values of\u00a0< 50 were collapsed using an in-house script.Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees were produced using the above curated dataset using IQ-TREE v2.1.2 . EvolutiSarbecoviruses examined in To reconstruct a phylogeny for the 69/70 spike region of the 20 7C2L  was modeled using I-TASSER , a metho7C2L ) using P2L, 6M0J , 6ZGE28 2L, 6M0J .12 were aligned in CLUSATL-Omega (nucleotides 20277-23265 of the Wuhan isolate MN908947.3) and a consensus structure was generated using RNAalifold .HEK293T CRL-3216, Vero CCL-81 were purchased from ATCC and maintained in Dulbecco\u2019s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), 100\u00a0U/ml penicillin, and 100mg/ml streptomycin. All cells are regularly tested and are mycoplasma free. H1299 cells were a kind gift from Simon Cook. Calu-3 cells were a kind gift from Paul Lehner, A549 A2T2  cells wePlasmids encoding the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 D614 with a C-terminal 19 amino acid deletion with D614G, were used as a template to produce variants lacking amino acids at position H69 and V70, as well as mutations N439K and Y453F. Mutations were introduced using Quickchange Lightning Site-Directed Mutagenesis kit (Agilent) following the manufacturer\u2019s instructions. B.1.1.7\u00a0S expressing plasmid preparation was described previously by step wise mutagenesis . Viral vPlasmids encoding the full-length spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 D614 (Wuhan) and RaTG13, in frame with a C \u2013 terminal Flag tag , were usThe reverse transcriptase activity of virus preparations was determined by qPCR using a SYBR Green-based product-enhanced PCR assay (SG-PERT) as previously described . Briefly12\u03bcl of each sample lysate was added to 13\u03bcl of a SYBR Green master mix embrane, (E)nvelope and (N)ucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 were a kind gift from Nevan Krogan  . For exp6 293T cells in 10\u00a0cm dishes were transfected using TransIT-LT1 (Mirus) with a total of 4\u00a0\u03bcg DNA comprising 1\u00a0\u03bcg each of plasmids encoding S (WT or \u0394H69/V70), M, E and N. Media was replaced after 16 h.Coronavirus-like particles were prepared essentially as previously described . In brieSupernatants containing coronavirus-like particles were harvested after 2 d, spun for 10\u00a0min at 2,000 g, then passed through a 0.45\u00a0\u03bcm filter. For each condition, 9\u00a0mL supernatant was layered on a 2\u00a0mL cushion of 20% sucrose in PBS and spun for 2\u00a0h at 100,000\u00a0g in a Type 70 Ti Beckman Coulter Ultracentrifuge Rotor. The pellet was washed once with PBS, then resuspended in 100\u00a0\u03bcl 2% SDS in PBS. After aspiration of supernatant, cells were washed twice in PBS, then lysed in 800\u00a0\u03bcl of 2% SDS in TBS with 500 units of Benzonase (Sigma-Aldrich). Lysates were incubated for 30\u00a0m at room temperature, then spun for 10\u00a0min at 13,000 g.Resuspended pellets containing concentrated coronavirus-like particles were heated in Laemmli buffer with DTT at 95\u00b0C for 5\u00a0min. For each condition, 30\u00a0\u03bcL was loaded on a 4%\u201320% Mini-PROTEAN TGX Precast Protein Gel (Bio-Rad). Cell lysates were quantified using the Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific), then heated in Laemmli buffer with DTT at 95\u00b0C for 5\u00a0min. For each condition, 20\u00a0\u03bcg protein was loaded on an identical gel. Proteins were transferred to 45\u00a0nm PDVF membranes and blocked with 5% milk in PBS-Tween 0.2%. The following antibodies were used for immunoblotting: anti-S ; anti-N  and anti-\u03b2-actin .CMK furin inhibitor experiments: 293T cells were transfected with plasmids expressing Gag/pol, luciferase, and spike. Furin inhibitor CMK  was added at either 5\u00a0M or 25 \u03bcM concentration three hours post transfection. The supernatants and cell lysates were collected after 48 hours for infectivity on target cells or for western blotting.E64D and camostat experiments: ACE2 or ACE2 and TMPRSS2 transfected 293T cells were either E64D (Tocris) or camostat (Sigma-Aldrich) treated for 3 hours at each drug concentration before the addition of a comparable amount of input viruses pseudotyped with WT, H69/V70 deletion or VSV-G (approx. 1 million RLU). The cells were then left for 48 hours before addition of substrate for luciferase (Promega) and read on a Glomax plate reader (Promega). The RLU was normalized against the no-drug control which was set as 100%.Cell fusion assay was carried out as previously described . BrieflyCells were lysed and supernatants collected 18 hours post transfection. Purified virions were prepared by harvesting supernatants and passing through a 0.45\u00a0\u03bcm filter. Clarified supernatants were then loaded onto a thin layer of 8.4% optiprep density gradient medium (Sigma-Aldrich) and placed in a TLA55 rotor (Beckman Coulter) for ultracentrifugation for 2 hours at 20,000\u00a0rpm. The pellet was then resuspended for western blotting. Cells were lysed with cell lysis buffer  or were treated with Benzonase Nuclease (Millipore) and boiled for 5\u00a0min. Samples were then run on 4%\u201312% Bis Tris gels and transferred onto nitrocellulose or PVDF membranes using an iBlot or semidry .Membranes were blocked for 1 hour in 5% non-fat milk in PBS\u00a0+ 0.1% Tween-20 (PBST) at room temperature with agitation, incubated in primary antibody , anti-GAPDH (proteintech) or anti-p24 (NIBSC)) diluted in 5% non-fat milk in PBST for 2 hours at 4\u00b0C with agitation, washed four times in PBST for 5\u00a0minutes at room temperature with agitation and incubated in secondary antibody (anti-rabbit or anti-mouse HRP conjugate), anti-bactin HRP (Santa Cruz) diluted in 5% non-fat milk in PBST for 1 hour with agitation at room temperature. Membranes were washed four times in PBST for 5\u00a0minutes at room temperature and imaged directly using a ChemiDoc MP imaging system (Bio-Rad).2 environment at 37\u00b0C, the luminescence was measured using Steady-Glo Luciferase assay system (Promega).Spike pseudotype assays have been shown to have similar characteristics as neutralization testing using fully infectious wild-type SARS-CoV-2 .Virus nePreparation of B.1.1.7 or B.1.1.7 H69/V70 SARS-CoV-2\u00a0S glycoprotein-encoding-plasmid used to produce SARS-CoV-2-MLV based on overlap extension PCR. Briefly, a modification of the overlap extension PCR protocol  was usedHuman mAbs were isolated from plasma cells or memory B cells of SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 immune donors. Recombinant antibodies were expressed in ExpiCHO cells at 37\u00b0C and 8% CO2. Cells were transfected using ExpiFectamine. Transfected cells were supplemented 1\u00a0day after transfection with ExpiCHO Feed and ExpiFectamine CHO Enhancer. Cell culture supernatant was collected eight days after transfection and filtered through a 0.2\u00a0\u03bcm filter. Recombinant antibodies were affinity purified on an \u00c4KTA xpress FPLC device using 5\u00a0mL HiTrap MabSelect PrismA columns followed by buffer exchange to Histidine buffer  using HiPrep 26/10 desalting columns.2 before harvesting the supernatant. VeroE6 stably expressing human TMPRSS2 were cultured in Dulbecco\u2019s Modified Eagle\u2019s Medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin\u2013streptomycin , 8\u00a0\u03bcg/mL puromycin and plated into 96-well plates for 16\u201324 h. Pseudovirus with serial dilution of mAbs was incubated for 1\u00a0h at 37\u00b0C and then added to the wells after washing 2 times with DMEM. After 2\u20133\u00a0h DMEM containing 20% FBS and 2% penicillin\u2013streptomycin was added to the cells. Following 48-72\u00a0h of infection, Bio-Glo (Promega) was added to the cells and incubated in the dark for 15\u00a0min before reading luminescence with Synergy H1 microplate reader (BioTek). Measurements were done in duplicate and relative luciferase units were converted to percent neutralization and plotted with a non-linear regression model to determine IC50 values using GraphPad PRISM software (version 9.0.0).MLV-based SARS-CoV-2 S-glycoprotein-pseudotyped viruses were prepared as previously described . HEK293T50 values using GraphPad PRISM software (version 9.0.0). The 50% inhibitory dilution (EC50) was defined as the serum dilution at which the relative light units (RLUs) were reduced by 50% compared with the virus control wells (virus\u00a0+ cells) after subtraction of the background RLUs in the control groups with cells only. The EC50 values were calculated with non-linear regression, log (inhibitor) versus normalized response using GraphPad Prism 8 . The neutralization assay was positive if the serum achieved at least 50% inhibition at 1 in 3 dilution of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein pseudotyped virus in the neutralization assay. The neutralization result was negative if it failed to achieve 50% inhibition at 1 in 3 dilution. Statistical tests are described in the figure legends along with the value of n, mean, and standard deviation/error. Data were normally distributed consistent with statistical methods used.Measurements were done in duplicate and relative luciferase units were converted to percent neutralization against no-drug control which was set as 100%. Data were plotted with a non-linear regression model to determine ICMeasurements were done in duplicate and relative luciferase units measured with a Glomax luminometer. Data were analyzed using GraphPad PRISM software (version 9.0.0). Statistical tests are described in the figure legends along n, mean, and standard deviation/error. Data were normally distributed consistent with statistical methods used."}
+{"text": "Cell Death and DiseaseCorrection to: 10.1038/s41419-021-03713-9 published online 01 May 2021The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The author names were given in the wrong order (family name) (given name) and were therefore tagged incorrectly. The authors apologize for the mistake. The original article has been corrected. The correct names are given below (given name) (family name):Germana Zaccagnini, Simona Greco, Marialucia Longo, Biagina Maimone, Christine Voellenkle, Paola Fuschi, Matteo Carrara, Pasquale Creo, Davide Maselli, Mario Tirone, Massimiliano Mazzone, Carlo Gaetano, Gaia Spinetti, Fabio Martelli"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-02974-w, published online 08 December 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the Affiliations.Peter H. Dziedzic and Pawel Kudela were incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA\u2019.Eusebia Calvillo and Han B. Kim were incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA\u2019.Pawel Kudela was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA\u2019.The correct affiliations for Peter H. Dziedzic are listed below.Laboratory of Computational Intensive Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.The correct affiliation for Pawel Kudela is listed below.Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.The correct affiliation for Eusebia Calvillo is listed below.Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.The correct affiliations for Han B. Kim are listed below.Laboratory of Computational Intensive Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.As a result, the Affiliations have been renumbered.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "In \u201cEffect of Physician-Pharmacist Participation in the Management of Ambulatory Cancer Pain Through a Digital Health Platform: Randomized Controlled Trial\u201d :e24555), one error was noted.In the originally published article, the name of Corresponding Author \u201cJian Xiao\u201d was formatted incorrectly as \u201cXiao Jian.\u201d The original order of authors was listed as follows:Lu Zhang, Howard L McLeod, Ke-Ke Liu, Wen-Hui Liu, Hang-Xing Huang, Ya-Min Huang, Shu-Sen Sun, Xiao-Ping Chen, Yao Chen, Fang-Zhou Liu, Xiao JianThis has been corrected to:Lu Zhang, Howard L McLeod, Ke-Ke Liu, Wen-Hui Liu, Hang-Xing Huang, Ya-Min Huang, Shu-Sen Sun, Xiao-Ping Chen, Yao Chen, Fang-Zhou Liu, Jian XiaoThe correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR Publications website on September 13, 2021, together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories."}
+{"text": "SARS-CoV-2 infects cells by the endocytosis process roteases \u20136. Endolroteases ,7\u20139. Theroteases ,10,11. Mroteases ,13, TRPMroteases , two-porroteases , SLC38A9roteases \u201318, and roteases , regulatin vitro and in vivo conditions [mTOR downstream signaling pathways regulate fundamental cellular processes such as metabolism, transcription, protein synthesis, apoptosis, cell cycle, endolysosomes, autophagy, and immune regulation and tolerance \u201326. Howenditions . Table 1Here briefly concludes that the mTOR sensor might be a potential therapeutic target to suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection and its pathogenesis, COVID-19. Hence, mTOR inhibitors, synthetic and mainly naturally available compounds, should be screened to determine their potency to suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Trials 22, 566 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05529-6Originally published affiliation: School of Nursin, Shandong First Medical University , Jinan 250000, Shandong, ChinaCorrected affiliation: School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, ChinaFollowing the publication of the original article , we wereThe original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-97258-8, published online 10 September 2021Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Affiliation 5 and 6 were incorrectly given as \u2018Present address: High Definition Disease Modelling Lab, Stem Cell and Organoid Epigenetics, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, University of Milan, Milan, Italy\u2019. The correct affiliations are listed below:Present address: High Definition Disease Modelling Lab, Stem Cell and Organoid Epigenetics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.Present address: Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.In addition, Raoul J. P. Bonnal was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Present address: High Definition Disease Modelling Lab, Stem Cell and Organoid Epigenetics, Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, University of Milan, Milan, Italy\u2019. The correct affiliations are listed below.Integrative Biology, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare \u201cRomeo ed Enrica Invernizzi\u201d, 20122, Milan, Italy.Present address: FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139, Milan, Italy.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-020-77586-x, published online 24 November 2020Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 3, which was incorrectly given as \u2018GENOTOUL Platform, INRA, 31,326, Castanet-Tolosan, France\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below:Genotoul, INRA, US 1426 GeT PlaGe, Castanet Tolosan, France.The original Article and accompanying Supplementary Information files have been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-020-79872-0, published online 13 January 2021Correction to: In the original version of this Article, Francis Opoku, Ephraim Muriithi Kiarii and Poomani Penny Govender were incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran\u2019. The correct affiliation for these authors is listed below.Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg, 2028, South AfricaThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Psychiatry 20, 347 (2020)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02759-xFollowing the publication of the original article , the autPhysiology Section, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.The original article  has been"}
+{"text": "Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-021-26847-y, published online 09 November 2021.Correction to: Vibrio cholerae strains was incorrectly reported as Bangladesh: A46, A51, A111, A57, A61, A49, A103 and A279. The correct origins of the strains are, respectively: unknown, Egypt, unknown, India, India, unknown, unknown and Sweden. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.The original version of this Article contained errors in Fig. 4A, in which the country of isolation for the following"}
+{"text": "Bandali, Sameer KamaluddinMemberBeckett, Henry DaleMemberBethell, Maxwell SlingsbyFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberBhaumik, SabyasachiHonorary FellowCarroll, Bernard JamesFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberFleminger, John JackFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberGosselin, Jean-YvesFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberHeine, Bernard EdmundFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberHolden, Hyla MontgomeryMember ~ Over 40 Years memberKanakaratnam, GunaseelanFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberKanjilal, Gopal ChandraFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberKolakowska, TamaraRetiredMember ~ Over 40 Years memberMay, Kathleen MackenzieMember ~ Over 40 Years memberMirza, Yousuf KamalConsultantMemberScott, John ClellandFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberSirag, Ahmed OsmanRetiredFellowWat, Hong-Yun Karen MemberAlexander, David AHonorary FellowAlexander, Eric RichardsonMember ~ Over 40 Years memberAllan, FrancesMember ~ Over 40 Years memberBeauchemin, Barbara Susannah SeymourAffiliateBurkitt, Eric AylmerFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberDadds, Violet ElsieMemberDavies, Roy JamesFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberde Mowbray, Michael StuartMemberDenham, Maureen MilburnMember ~ Over 40 Years memberEngelhardt, Wolfram Detlev AchimMemberFenton, Thomas WilliamFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberForrest, Alastair JohnFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberGallagher, Elizabeth GibbMember ~ Over 40 Years memberGarry, John WilliamFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberGillham, Adrian BayleyFellowGray, Anne MargaretFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberGrimshaw, John StuartFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberHamour, Mohamed AbdelaalMemberHersov, Lionel AbrahamFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberIskander, Trevor NagibMember ~ Over 40 Years memberKelleher, F JosephMember ~ Over 40 Years memberKnox, Stafford JosephFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberLeslie, Nasnaranpattiyage Don GeorgeMember ~ Over 40 Years memberMacleod, Iain Roderic WilliamMemberMasih, HarnekMemberMatthews, Peter CharlesMember ~ Over 40 Years memberMcNeill, Desmond Lorne MarcusFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberNasser, Zeinab Abdel-Aziz IbrahimMemberRogers, Paul HaydonFellowRyle, AnthonyFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberTodes, Cecil JacobFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberYoussef, Hanafy Ahmed MahmoudFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberArie, Thomas Harry DavidHonorary FellowPant, AnshumanMemberSmith, Eileen DorothyFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberWhite, Daniel PaulMemberChan, Chee HungMemberCoia, Denise AssundaHonorary FellowDuddle, Constance MayFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberDunlop, Joyce LilianFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberHickling, Frederick WFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberHilary-Jones, Evan PeterFellowJones, David AlunFellowMcGovern, Gerald PatrickFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberPant, AnshumanMemberPathak, Rudresh Kumar DinanathMemberSmith, Eileen DorothyFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberWhite, Daniel PaulMemberD'Orban, Paul TRetiredFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberHewland, Helen RobynRetiredFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberHughes, John SamuelRetiredFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberImrie, Alison WendyConsultantMemberLader, Malcolm HaroldEmeritus ProfessorFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberMcLaughlin, Jo-AnnRetiredMemberMubbashar, Malik HussainConsultantFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberRobinson, John RichardRetiredFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberWashbrook, Reginald Alfred HryhorukFellow ~ Over 40 Years memberGillis, LynnRetiredFellowKenyon, Frank EdwinRetiredFellowPalmer, BobFellowRana, MamoonaWest, DonaldFellowBrown, Philip MorrisonFellow \u2013 North Division"}
+{"text": "Yong Liao and Dr. Yu Zhao. The author list, affiliations and contributions have been updated accordingly and now appear as:In the article, \u201cYu ping feng san for pediatric allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials\u201d,ab, Juan Zhong, PhDb,c, Shuqin Liu, MDc, Menglin Dai, PhDc, Yang Liu, PhDc, Xinrong Li, PhDc, Yepeng Yang, PhDc, Dazheng Zhang, PhDe,f,g, Dan Lai, PhDh, Tao Lu, PhDi, Qinxiu Zhang, PhDc,d, Yu Zhao, MD, PHDa\u2217Yong Liao, PHDa Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu,b Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshic Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, d School of Medical and Life Sciences/Reproductive and Women-Children Hospital, ChengduUniversity of Traditional Chinese Medicine, e Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, f Dujiangyan medical centre, g China qingcheng medical researchlaboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, h Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25TaiPing Street, Luzhou, Sichuan, China, i Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Department One, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan.Conceived and designed the experiments: YL, JZ, YZ, SQL. Performedthe experiments: YL, ZJ, MLD, YPY, HYH. Analyzed the data: DL, TL, DZZ. Contributedreagents/materials/analysis tools: SQL,YPY,HMZ. Wrote the paper: YL, JZ, YZ.Conceptualization: Yang Liu.Data curation: Yu Zhao, Menglin Dai, Dazheng Zhang, Dan Lai, Tao Lu.Formal analysis: Yu Zhao, Yang Liu.Funding acquisition: Yu Zhao.Methodology: Yu Zhao, Yepeng Yang, Dazheng Zhang, Dan Lai, Tao Lu.Software: Xin rong Li, Dan Lai, Tao Lu.Writing \u2013 original draft: Yong Liao, Juan ZhongDr. Yu Zhao has been updated to the corresponding author."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-00884-5, published online 01 November 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 2, which was incorrectly given as \u2018Mucosal Immunology and Microbiota Unit, Humanitas Research Hospital, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below:IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyIn addition, an affiliation for Maria Rescigno was omitted. The correct affiliations are listed below.IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, ItalyThe original Article and accompanying Supplementary Information file have been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-92338-1, published online 24 June 2021Correction to: The Supplementary Information published with this Article contained errors.The order of authors was incorrectly given as Anushikha Thakur, Rekha Nagpal, Deepak Gadamshetty, Sirisha N., Malini Subbarao, Shreshtha Rakshit, Sneha Padiyar, Suma Sreenivas, Nagaraja G., Harish V Pai, Ramakrishnan M. S, Avik Kumar Ghosh.In addition, Affiliation 1 was incorrectly given as \u201cScience and Technology Innovation Center (SnTIC), Biocon Biologics, Biocon Park, SEZ, Bommasandra Industrial Area, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, India 560100.\u201dThese errors have now been corrected in the Supplementary Information file that accompanies the original Article."}
+{"text": "Laboratory Investigation 10.1038/s41374-021-00612-7, published online 21 May 2021Correction to: The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. Due to the submission of Table 1 in a separate file, the following citations were missing in the references, leading to an incorrect linking in the table caption. The missing reference are:(A) Sheldon CA, Clayman RV, Gonzalez R, Williams RD, Fraley EE. Malignant urachal lesions. J Urol. 131, 1\u20138 (1984).(B) Ashley RA, Inman BA, Sebo TJ, Leibovich BC, Blute ML, Kwon ED, et al. Urachal carcinoma: clinicopathologic features and long-term outcomes of an aggressive malignancy. Cancer. 107, 712\u2013720 (2006).(C) Brierley J, Gospodarowicz MK, Wittekind C. TNM classification of malignant tumors. In: Brierley J, Gospodarowicz MK, Wittekind C, editors. Chichester, West Sussex, UK, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc; 2017.The authors apologize for the mistake. The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "We present evidence for multiple independent origins of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 viruses sampled from late 2020 and early 2021 in the United Kingdom. Their genomes carry single-nucleotide polymorphisms and deletions that are characteristic of the B.1.1.7 variant of concern but lack the full complement of lineage-defining mutations. Instead, the remainder of their genomes share contiguous genetic variation with non-B.1.1.7 viruses circulating in the same geographic area at the same time as the recombinants. In four instances, there was evidence for onward transmission of a recombinant-origin virus, including one transmission cluster of 45 sequenced cases over the course of 2\u00a0months. The inferred genomic locations of recombination breakpoints suggest that every community-transmitted recombinant virus inherited its spike region from a B.1.1.7 parental virus, consistent with a transmission advantage for B.1.1.7\u2019s set of mutations.  \u2022We find evidence for recombination in SARS-CoV-2\u2022We identify eight clear recombination events, four of which lead to onward transmission\u2022Estimated breakpoints are consistent with coronavirus cellular replication dynamics\u2022Transmitted recombinants inherited the more-transmissible B.1.1.7 spike gene Sampling from late 2020 to early 2021 provides evidence for SARS-CoV-2 recombination and onward community transmission of recombinant viruses that inherited the spike region from the B.1.1.7  variant. Recombination, the transfer of genetic information between molecules derived from different organisms, is a fundamental process in evolution, because it can generate novel genetic variation upon which selection can act . GeneticThe molecular mechanism of homologous recombination in unsegmented positive-sense RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 is generally by copy-choice replication, a model first suggested in poliovirus . In thisConditions conducive to SARS-CoV-2 recombination existed in the United Kingdom (UK) during the latter part of 2020 and early in 2021. From mid-October 2020 to January 2021, SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was estimated to be between 1% and 2% in England . During To identify putative SARS-CoV-2 recombinant viruses, we carried out an analysis of all complete UK SARS-CoV-2 genomes that had been assigned to lineage B.1.1.7 and that showed evidence of being the product of combining different genetic lineages, indicative of recombination. Specifically, we scanned the UK dataset for genomes that were alternately composed of long contiguous tracts of B.1.1.7 and non-B.1.1.7 genetic variation. The genetic composition and epidemiological context of each candidate mosaic genome was carefully explored to determine whether it was recombinant in origin. We subsequently determined whether the recombinants showed evidence of onward transmission within the UK population. One recombinant lineage continued to circulate for at least 9\u00a0weeks and, as of May 5, 2021, was associated with 45 linked infections.We identified a total of 16 recombinant sequences from the whole UK dataset of 279,000 sequences up to March 7, 2021 using our bioinformatic and evolutionary analysis pipeline see . Twelve To rule out the possibility that any of the 16 recombinants could have resulted from artifacts as a result of assembling sequence reads from a co-infected sample , we examined the read coverage and minor allele frequencies and assessed the likelihood of a mixed sample. Several lines of evidence suggested the recombinant sequences were not the products of sequencing a mixture of genomes. First, the sequencing protocol used in the UK  generateThe nucleotide variation for the putative recombinants and their closest neighbors by genetic similarity (for each of the regions of their genomes either side of the recombination breakpoint) is shown in m,n,2 statistic for these two candidate recombinants showed the greatest support for mosaicism possible among the ancestry-informative polymorphic sites with their closest neighbors by genetic similarity as parentals . The associated uncorrected p value of 5.7e-7 does not survive a multiple comparisons correction due to the number of putative parental lineages and descendants that were tested .A follow-up investigation of the eight sets of putative recombinants (groups A\u2013D and the four singletons) on May 5, 2021 found 41 sequences that were descended from group A . No descHere, we report the first unambiguous detection and characterization of the arisal and subsequent community transmission of\u00a0recombinant SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Comparison of intra-genomic variation, supported by geographic and epidemiological data, demonstrates the occurrence of multiple independent recombination events involving UK virus lineages in late 2020. Recombinant genomes that share genetic identity were sampled from the same geographic location and time period, indicating they represent successful onward transmission after the occurrence of a single ancestral recombination event. In one instance, this resulted in a significant transmission cluster comprising 45 observed cases, which has been given the Pango lineage name XA. While no obvious biological advantage can be attributed to this cluster (or any of the observed recombinants) beyond the acquisition of B.1.1.7\u2019s set of spike mutations, these recombinants are sentinel events for continued monitoring for new variants. With the increasing co-circulation of VOCs in the same geographic areas, careful monitoring is warranted.Large-scale bioinformatic approaches have identified statistical signals of recombination among SARS-CoV-2 sequences using clade assignment and its changes along the genome as the primary characteristic under investigation . Due to in situ , the consensus genome sequences of the complete set of UK samples were aligned to the SARS-CoV-2 reference sequence (GenBank: MN908947.3) using Minimap2 (https://github.com/cov-ert/type_variants), then discarded sequences with missing data at any of the 22 sites. We visualized the resulting table of genotype calls in order to identify sequences that showed evidence of a potential mosaic genome structure .A national SARS-CoV-2 sequencing effort in the UK, the COG-UK consortium . Subsequently, an alignment was compiled for each putative recombinant, which contained the putative recombinant as well as the most-genetically similar background sequences (as identified above) for each component region of that mosaic genome. The single nucleotide differences between the putative recombinant and the closely related reference sequences were visualized using snipit (https://github.com/aineniamh/snipit). The genomic coordinates of the boundaries between each mosaic genome region were then refined by taking into account observed lineage-defining nucleotide and deletion variation. Specifically, we set the boundary coordinates to the ends of sequential tracts of mutations specific to the putative parental sequences. This is a conservative approach to assigning parental lineages and consequently no parental lineage is assigned to those genome regions that do not contain unambiguous lineage-defining mutations or deletions. Lastly, using these refined region boundaries, we reiterated the genetic distance calculation above to identify a final set of most-genetically similar sequences for each putative recombinant.To identify candidate parental genome sequences in a computationally-tractable manner we created a set of all UK SARS-CoV-2 sequences that (i) contained no N nucleotide ambiguity codes after masking the 3\u2032 and 5\u2032 UTRs, (ii) spanned the dates 2020/12/01 to 2021/02/28, which represents two weeks before the date of the earliest putative recombinant, to one week after the date of the latest, and (iii) excluded the putative recombinant genomes identified above. This set consisted of 98859 sequences in total. For each putative recombinant, we split its genome sequence into B.1.1.7-like regions and non-B.1.1.7 regions at the junction of genetic regions according to the mosaic structure detected by the custom Python script described above (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/history).When reporting geographic locations for UK virus genome sequences we use level 1 of the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) geocode standard (https://github.com/robj411/sequencing_coverage). We use this dataset to investigate the phylogenetic placement of the alternate regions of recombinant genomes, and as a dataset of putative parental sequences to statistically test for recombination using 3SEQ.To generate a limited set of genomes that are suitable for computationally-expensive analysis yet are also representative of the genetic diversity of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in the UK, we randomly sampled 2000 sequences from 21st March 2020, when sequence data first became available, to 1st March 2021, weighting the probability of choosing a sequence accounting for the sequencing coverage and covid19 prevalence in individual geographic regions of the UK over time, using the same method as in Almost all sequencing sites in the COG-UK consortium use the ARTIC PCR protocol to produce tiled PCR amplicons, which are then sequenced . The genMN908947.3) by a nucleotide change in B.1.1.7 (the 27 positions include those with nucleotide changes that were inherited from the ancestor of B.1.1.7). We define the MAF at a single site as the number of sequencing reads not containing the most frequently observed single nucleotide allele that mapped to that site, divided by the total number of sequencing reads that include any nucleotide allele that mapped to that site. For each virus genome, we defined a set of genomic positions from which to calculate MAF as follows. For each recombinant, we considered every site that differed from MN908947.3 by a nucleotide in its own consensus genome, or in the consensus genome of either of its parentals by genetic similarity. For the sequences that we suspected of being mixtures we considered the 27 genomic positions where sequences belonging to B.1.1.7 differ from MN908947.3 by a nucleotide change. We used samtools , rather than representing a true recombinant genome. To do this we calculated minor allele frequencies (MAFs) from the read data and compared their distribution between the 16 recombinant genomes and 20 samples that we suspected of being the product of sequencing a mixture of genomes, potentially because of coinfection or laboratory contamination. To define sequences that we suspected of being mixtures, we scanned the dataset for consensus sequences that possessed an IUPAC ambiguity code at the 27 genomic positions that differ from the SARS-CoV-2 reference genome  against each putative recombinant in the child dataset (n\u00a0= 16), and report p values that are uncorrected and that are Dunn-Sidak corrected for multiple comparisons (n\u00a0= 64.0 million). We performed a single additional run of 3SEQ with two putative recombinant sequences that were not found to be significantly the mosaic product of any of the sequences in the representative background as children, and their closest neighbors by genetic similarity as parentals. P values for this test were reported without correction and after correction for multiple testing assuming that this test was in addition to the 64 million comparisons that we had already performed. The input and output files for the 3SEQ analysis are available at https://github.com/COG-UK/UK-recombination-analysis.We used 3SEQ  as a stahttps://github.com/COG-UK/UK-recombination-analysis.For each of the eight sets of recombinants (Groups A-D and the four singletons) we carried out the following procedure to test for incongruence between the phylogenetic placements of the two regions of their genomes. We independently added each set\u2019s genome(s) to the representative background of 2000 sequences, along with the reference sequence, to create eight alignments in total. We masked the resulting alignments according to the breakpoints defined by the closest neighbors by genetic similarity, so that for each set, we produced two sub-alignments: one consisting of the region that was inherited from the B.1.1.7 parental in the recombinant(s), and one consisting of the region that was inherited from the other parental. This resulted in 16 alignments in total. We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships for each with IQTREE v2.1 , using tTo determine the placement of the different regions of each recombinant genome in a single context, we also built a phylogenetic tree of the representative background\u2019s complete genomes, to which we added the masked recombinant genomes, so that each recombinant was present in the alignment twice, once with the B.1.1.7 region of its genome unmasked, and once with the opposing region unmasked. We ran IQTREE as above.th July 2021 using the same procedure as above.To test for onward community transmission of the putative recombinants, we searched the whole UK dataset as of the 5th May 2021 for additional sequences whose genetic variation matched the variation of the recombinants. For each of the eight set of recombinants, we defined a set of SNPs and deletions by which all the recombinants within that set differed from the reference sequence (MN908947.3). Then we used type_variants to scan the UK dataset for genomes whose SNP and deletion variation was compatible with being a descendant or sibling of the putative recombinants. Group A represented the only recombination event with evidence for further transmission according to the results of this procedure. We carried out the following additional analyses to further investigate transmission of Group A genomes. First, we visualized the nucleotide variation of the additional matching genomes using snipit and extracted their sampling locations and dates. Second, to explore the phylogenetic context of Group A and its derivatives, we reconstructed their (whole-genome) phylogenetic relationships using IQTREE. We also extracted the 100 closest sequences by genetic similarity for each alternate region of the genome (B.1.1.7-like and non-B.1.1.7-like) for each of the four original members of Group A to provide phylogenetic context to the parental sequences. This resulted in a dataset of 216 sequences in total when the two groups of neighbors were combined, and duplicates removed. We reconstructed their (whole-genome) phylogenetic relationships with the IQTREE, as above. We generated a time-scaled phylogenetic tree from the divergence tree of parental sequences using TreeTime , settinghttps://www.sanger.ac.uk/covid-team), Dorota Jamrozy, Stephanie Lo, Minal Patel, Claire M. Bewshea, Sian Ellard, Cressida Auckland, Ian Harrison, Chloe Bishop, Vicki Chalker, Alex Richter, Andrew Beggs, Angus Best, Benita Percival, Jeremy Mirza, Oliver Megram, Megan Mayhew, Liam Crawford, Fiona Ashcroft, Emma Moles-Garcia, Nicola Cumley, Richard Hopes, Patawee Asamaphan, Marc O. Niebel, Rory N. Gunson, Amanda Bradley, Alasdair Maclean, Guy Mollett, Rachel Blacow, Paul Bird, Thomas Helmer, Karlie Fallon, Julian Tang, Antony D. Hale, Louissa R. Macfarlane-Smith, Katherine L. Harper, Holli Carden, Nicholas W. Machin, Kathryn A. Jackson, Shazaad S.Y. Ahmad, Ryan P. George, Lance Turtle, Elaine O\u2019Toole, Joanne Watts, Cassie Breen, Angela Cowell, Adela Alcolea-Medina, Themoula Charalampous, Amita Patel, Lisa J. Levett, Judith Heaney, Aileen Rowan, Graham P. Taylor, Divya Shah, Laura Atkinson, Jack C.D. Lee, Adam P. Westhorpe, Riaz Jannoo, Helen L. Lowe, Angeliki Karamani, Leah Ensell, Wendy Chatterton, Monika Pusok, Ashok Dadrah, Amanda Symmonds, Graciela Sluga, Zoltan Molnar, Paul Baker, Stephen Bonner, Sarah Essex, Edward Barton, Debra Padgett, Garren Scott, Jane Greenaway, Brendan A.I. Payne, Shirelle Burton-Fanning, Sheila Waugh, Veena Raviprakash, Nicola Sheriff, Victoria Blakey, Lesley-Anne Williams, Jonathan Moore, Susanne Stonehouse, Louise Smith, Rose K. Davidson, Luke Bedford, Lindsay Coupland, Victoria Wright, Joseph G. Chappell, Theocharis Tsoleridis, Jonathan Ball, Manjinder Khakh, Vicki M. Fleming, Michelle M. Lister, Hannah C. Howson-Wells, Louise Berry, Tim Boswell, Amelia Joseph, Iona Willingham, Nichola Duckworth, Sarah Walsh, Emma Wise, Nathan Moore, Matilde Mori, Nick Cortes, Stephen Kidd, Rebecca Williams, Laura Gifford, Kelly Bicknell, Sarah Wyllie, Allyson Lloyd, Robert Impey, Cassandra S. Malone, Benjamin J. Cogger, Nick Levene, Lynn Monaghan, Alexander J. Keeley, David G. Partridge, Mohammad Raza, Cariad Evans, Kate Johnson, Emma Betteridge, Ben W. Farr, Scott Goodwin, Michael A. Quail, Carol Scott, Lesley Shirley, Scott A.J. Thurston, Diana Rajan, Iraad F. Bronner, Louise Aigrain, Nicholas M. Redshaw, Stefanie V Lensing, Shane McCarthy, Alex Makunin, Carlos E. Balcazar, Michael D. Gallagher, Kathleen A. Williamson, Thomas D. Stanton, Michelle L. Michelsen, Joanna Warwick-Dugdale, Robin Manley, Audrey Farbos, James W. Harrison, Christine M. Sambles, David J. Studholme, Angie Lackenby, Tamyo Mbisa, Steven Platt, Shahjahan Miah, David Bibby, Carmen Manso, Jonathan Hubb, Gavin Dabrera, Mary Ramsay, Daniel Bradshaw, Ulf Schaefer, Natalie Groves, Eileen Gallagher, David Lee, David William, Nicholas Ellaby, Hassan Hartman, Nikos Manesis, Vineet Patel, Juan Ledesma, Katherine A. Twohig, Elias Allara, Clare Pearson, Jeffrey K.J. Cheng, Hannah E. Bridgewater, Lucy R. Frost, Grace Taylor-Joyce, Paul E. Brown, Lily Tong, Alice Broos, Daniel Mair, Jenna Nichols, Stephen N. Carmichael, Katherine L. Smollett, Kyriaki Nomikou, Elihu Aranday-Cortes, Natasha Johnson, Seema Nickbakhsh, Edith E. Vamos, Margaret Hughes, Lucille Rainbow, Richard Eccles, Charlotte Nelson, Richard Gregory, Matthew Gemmell, Chloe L. Fisher, Adrian W. Signell, Gilberto Betancor, Harry D. Wilson, Gaia Nebbia, Flavia Flaviani, Alberto C. Cerda, Tammy V. Merrill, Rebekah E. Wilson, Marius Cotic, Nadua Bayzid, Thomas Thompson, Erwan Acheson, Steven Rushton, Sarah O\u2019Brien, David J. Baker, Steven Rudder, Alp Aydin, Fei Sang, Johnny Debebe, Sarah Francois, Tetyana I. Vasylyeva, Marina Escalera Zamudio, Bernardo Gutierrez, Angela Marchbank, Joshua Maksimovic, Karla Spellman, Kathryn McCluggage, Mari Morgan, Robert Beer, Safiah Afifi, Trudy Workman, William Fuller, Catherine Bresner, Adrienn Angyal, Luke R. Green, Paul J. Parsons, Rachel M. Tucker, Rebecca Brown, Max Whiteley, James Bonfield, Christoph Puethe, Andrew Whitwham, Jennifier Liddle, Will Rowe, Igor Siveroni, Thanh Le-Viet, Amy Gaskin, and Rob Johnson.The members of the COG-UK Consortium are Samuel C. Robson, Tanya Golubchi, Rocio T. Martinez Nunez, Catherine Ludden, Sally Corden, Ian Johnston, David Bonsall, Colin P. Smith, Ali R. Awan, Giselda Bucca, M. Estee Torok, Kordo Saeed, Jacqui A. Prieto, David K. Jackson, William L. Hamilton, Luke B. Snell, Catherine Moore, Ewan M. Harrison, Sonia Goncalves, Leigh M. Jackson, Ian G. Goodfellow, Derek J. Fairley, Matthew W. Loose, Joanne Watkins, Rich Livett, Samuel Moses, Roberto Amato, Darren L. Smith, Jeff Barrett, David M. Aanensen, Martin D. Curran, Surendra Parmar, Dinesh Aggarwal, James G. Shepherd, Matthew D. Parker, Sharon Glaysher, Matthew Bashton, Anthony P. Underwood, Katie F. Loveson, Alessandro M. Carabelli, Kate E. Templeton, Cordelia F. Langford, John Sillitoe, Thushan I. de Silva, Dennis Wang, Dominic Kwiatkowski, Justin O\u2019Grady, Simon Cottrell, Matthew T.G. Holden, Emma C. Thomson, Husam Osman, Monique Andersson, Anoop J. Chauhan, Mohammed O. Hassan-Ibrahim, Mara Lawniczak, Ravi Kumar Gupta, Alex Alderton, Meera Chand, Chrystala Constantinidou, Meera Unnikrishnan, Julian A. Hiscox, Steve Paterson, Inigo Martincorena, Erik M. Volz, Andrew J. Page, Andrew R. Bassett, Cristina V. Ariani, Michael H. Spencer Chapman, Kathy K. Li, Rajiv N. Shah, Natasha G. Jesudason, Yusri Taha, Martin P. McHugh, Rebecca Dewar, Aminu S. Jahun, Claire McMurray, Sarojini Pandey, James P. McKenna, Andrew Nelson, Gregory R. Young, Clare M. McCann, Scott Elliott, Hannah Lowe, Ben Temperton, Sunando Roy, Anna Price, Sara Rey, Matthew Wyles, Stefan Rooke, Sharif Shaaban, Mariateresa de Cesare, Laura Letchford, Siona Silveira, Emanuela Pelosi, Eleri Wilson-Davies, Myra Hosmillo, Andrew R. Hesketh, Richard Stark, Louis du Plessis, Chris Ruis, Helen Adams, Yann Bourgeois, Stephen L. Michell, Dimitris Grammatopoulos, Jonathan Edgewort, Judith Breuer, John A. Todd, Christophe Fraser, David Buck, Michaela John, Gemma L. Kay, Steve Palmer, Sharon J. Peacock, David Heyburn, Danni Weldon, Esther Robinson, Alan McNally, Peter Muir, Ian B. Vipond, John Boyes, Venkat Sivaprakasam, Tranprit Salluja, Samir Dervisevic, Emma J. Meader, Naomi R. Park, Karen Oliver, Aaron R. Jeffries, Sascha Ott, Ana da Silva Filipe, David A. Simpson, Chris Williams, Jane A.H. Masoli, Bridget A. Knight, Christopher R. Jones, Cherian Koshy, Amy Ash, Anna Casey, Andrew Bosworth, Liz Ratcliffe, Li Xu-McCrae, Hannah M. Pymont, Stephanie Hutchings, Lisa Berry, Katie Jones, Fenella Halstead, Thomas Davis, Christopher Holmes, Miren Iturriza-Gomara, Paul Anthony Randell, Alison Cox, Pinglawathee Madona, Kathryn Ann Harris, Julianne Rose Brown, Tabitha W Mahungu, Dianne Irish-Tavares, Tanzina Haque, Jennifer Hart, Eric Witele, Melisa Louise Fenton, Steven Liggett, Clive Graham, Emma Swindells, Jennifer Collins, Gary Eltringham, Sharon Campbell, Patrick C. McClure, Gemma Clark, Tim J. Sloan, Carl Jones, Jessica Lynch, Ben Warne, Steven Leonard, Jillian Durham, Thomas Williams, Nathaniel Storey, Nabil-Fareed Alikhan, Nadine Holmes, Christopher Moore, Matthew Carlile, Malorie Perry, Noel Craine, Ronan A. Lyons, Angela H. Beckett, Salman Goudarzi, Christopher Fearn, Kate Cook, Hannah Dent, Hannah Paul, Robert Davies, Beth Blane, Sophia T. Girgis, Mathew A. Beale, Katherine L. Bellis, Matthew J. Dorman, Eleanor Drury, Leanne Kane, Sally Kay, Samantha McGuigan, Rachel Nelson, Liam Prestwood, Shavanthi Rajatileka, Rahul Batra, Rachel J. Williams, Mark Kristiansen, Angie Green, Anita Justice, Adhyana I.K. Mahanama, Buddhini Samaraweera, Nazreen F. Hadjirin, Joshua Quick, Leanne M. Kermack, Nicola Reynolds, Grant Hall, Yasmin Chaudhry, Malte L. Pinckert, Iliana Georgana, Robin J. Moll, Alicia Thornton, Richard Myers, Joanne Stockton, Charlotte A. Williams, Wen C. Yew, Alexander J. Trotter, Amy Trebes, George MacIntyre-Cockett, Alec Birchley, Alexander Adams, Amy Plimmer, Bree Gatica-Wilcox, Caoimhe McKerr, Ember Hilvers, Hannah Jones, Hibo Asad, Jason Coombes, Johnathan M. Evans, Laia Fina, Lauren Gilbert, Lee Graham, Michelle Cronin, Sara Kumziene-SummerhaYes, Sarah Taylo, Sophie Jones, Danielle C. Groves, Peijun Zhang, Marta Gallis, Stavroula F. Louka, Igor Starinskij, Chris J. Illingworth, Chris Jackson, Marina Gourtovaia, Gerry Tonkin-Hill, Kevin Lewis, Jaime M. Tovar-Corona, Keith James, Laura Baxter, Mohammad T. Alam, Richard J. Orton, Joseph Hughes, Sreenu Vattipally, Manon Ragonnet-Cronin, Fabricia F. Nascimento, David Jorgensen, Olivia Boyd, Lily Geidelberg, Alex E. Zarebski, Jayna Raghwani, Moritz U.G. Kraemer, Joel Southgate, Benjamin B. Lindsey, Timothy M. Freeman, Jon-Paul Keatley, Joshua B. Singer, Leonardo de Oliveira Martins, Corin A. Yeats, Khalil Abudahab, Ben E.W. Taylor, Mirko Menegazzo, John Danesh, Wendy Hogsden, Sahar Eldirdiri, Anita Kenyon, Jenifer Mason, Trevor I. Robinson, Alison Holmes, James Price, John A. Hartley, Tanya Curran, Alison E. Mather, Giri Shankar, Rachel Jones, Robin Howe, Sian Morgan, Elizabeth Wastenge, Michael R. Chapman, Siddharth Mookerjee, Rachael Stanley, Wendy Smith, Timothy Peto, David Eyre, Derrick Crook, Gabrielle Vernet, Christine Kitchen, Huw Gulliver, Ian Merrick, Martyn Guest, Robert Munn, Declan T. Bradley, Tim Wyatt, Charlotte Beaver, Luke Foulser, Sophie Palmer, Carol M. Churcher, Ellena Brooks, Kim S. Smith, Katerina Galai, Georgina M. McManus, Frances Bolt, Francesc Coll, Lizzie Meadows, Stephen W. Attwood, Alisha Davies, Elen De Lacy, Fatima Downing, Sue Edwards, Garry P. Scarlett, Sarah Jeremiah, Nikki Smith, Danielle Leek, Sushmita Sridhar, Sally Forrest, Claire Cormie, Harmeet K. Gill, Joana Dias, Ellen E. Higginson, Mailis Maes, Jamie Young, Michelle Wantoch, Sanger Covid Team ("}
+{"text": "Casirivimab and imdevimab (CAS/IMDEV) is authorized for emergency use in the US for outpatients with COVID-19. We present results from patient cohorts receiving low flow or no supplemental oxygen at baseline from a phase 1/2/3, randomized, double-blinded, placebo (PBO)-controlled trial of CAS/IMDEV in hospitalized patients (pts) with COVID-19.Hospitalized COVID-19 pts were randomized 1:1:1 to 2.4 g or 8.0 g of IV CAS/IMDEV (co-administered) or PBO. Primary endpoints were time-weighted average (TWA) change in viral load from baseline (Day 1) to Day 7; proportion of pts who died or went on mechanical ventilation (MV) through Day 29. Safety was evaluated through Day 57. The study was terminated early due to low enrollment (no safety concerns).Fig. 1). The primary clinical analysis had a strong positive trend, though it did not reach statistical significance (P=0.2048), and 4/6 clinical endpoints prespecified for hypothesis testing were nominally significant (Table 1). In seroneg pts, there was a 47.0% relative risk reduction (RRR) in the proportion of pts who died or went on MV from Day 1\u201329 . There was a 55.6%  and 35.9%  RRR in the prespecified secondary endpoint of mortality by Day 29 in seroneg pts and the overall population, respectively . No harm was seen in seropositive patients, and no safety events of concern were identified.Analysis was performed in pooled cohorts  as well as combined treatment doses (2.4 g and 8.0 g). The prespecified primary virologic analysis was in seronegative (seroneg) pts , where treatment with CAS/IMDEV led to a significant reduction in viral load from Day 1\u20137 (TWA change: LS mean (SE): -0.28 (0.12); 95% CI: -0.51, -0.05; P=0.0172; Figure 1: TWA daily viral load decreased from baseline (Day 1) in seronegative patients receiving low flow or no supplemental oxygenTable 1. Primary virologic and clinical endpointsFigure 2: Clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients receiving low flow or no supplemental oxygen*Co-administration of CAS/IMDEV led to a significant reduction in viral load in hospitalized, seroneg pts requiring low flow or no supplemental oxygen. In seroneg pts and the overall population, treatment also demonstrated clinically meaningful, nominally significant reductions in 28-day mortality and proportion of pts dying or requiring MV.Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD, PhD, BARDA Chemic labs/KODA therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Cidara (Grant/Research Support)Leidos Biomedical Research Inc/NCI (Grant/Research Support)NIH/NIAID (Grant/Research Support)NIH/NIGMS (Grant/Research Support)Pfizer (Grant/Research Support)Regeneron (Grant/Research Support)SciClone Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support) Selin Somersan-Karakaya, MD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Sumathi Sivapalasingam, MD, BARDA Excision BioTherapeutics (Employee)Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Shazia Ali, PharmD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Yiping Sun, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Rafia Bhore, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Jingning Mei, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Jutta Miller, BS, RN, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Lisa Cupelli, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Employee) Andrea T. Hooper, PhD, BARDA Pfizer, Inc. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Jennifer D. Hamilton, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Cynthia Pan, BPharm, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Viet Pham, BS, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Yuming Zhao, MS, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Romana Hosain, MD, MPH, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Adnan Mahmood, MD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  John D. Davis, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Kenneth C. Turner, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Yunji Kim, PharmD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Amanda Cook, BS, Dip Reg Aff, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Jason C. Wells, MD, BARDA  Bari Kowal, MS, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Yuhwen Soo, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  A. Thomas DiCioccio, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Gregory P. Geba, MD, DrPH, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Shareholder) Neil Stahl, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Leah Lipsich, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Ned Braunstein, MD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  Gary Herman, MD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  George D. Yancopoulos, MD, PhD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  David M. Weinreich, MD, BARDA Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Musculoskelet Disord 22, 1007 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04893-3Following the publication of the original article  the authThe affiliations of these authors should be:Zhong-Yan Li:Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaTung-Wu Lu:Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaSheng-Hsun Lee:Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan 33,305, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaBone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaThe original article  has been"}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Psychiatry 22, 176 (2022)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03819-0Following publication of the original article , the autInstitute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, 300222.The original article  has been"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-05886-5, published online 02 February 2022Correction to: In the original version of this Article Naoki Watanabe was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Shimoaizuki, Matsuoka, Eiheiji, Yoshida, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below.Prometech Software Inc, Round Terrace Fushimi, 3F, 17-26, Nishiki 1-chome, Naka-ku, Nagoya 460-0003, JapanThe original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often results from the immune-mediated cytokine storm, triggered by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), potentially leading to respiratory failure and death. Lenzilumab, a novel anti-human GM-CSF monoclonal antibody, neutralizes GM-CSF and demonstrated potential to improve clinical outcomes in a matched case-cohort study of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. This Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigated the efficacy and safety of lenzilumab to improve the likelihood of survival without invasive mechanical ventilation (SWOV), beyond available treatments. Hypoxic patients, hospitalized with COVID-19 (n=520), requiring supplemental oxygen, but not invasive mechanical ventilation, were randomized on Day 0 to receive lenzilumab  or placebo (n=259), and available treatments, including remdesivir and/or corticosteroids; and were followed through Day 28. Baseline demographics were comparable between groups: male, 64.7%; mean age, 60.5 years; median CRP, 79.0 mg/L. Patients across both groups received steroids (93.7%), remdesivir (72.4%), or both (69.1%). Lenzilumab improved the primary endpoint, likelihood of SWOV in the mITT population, by 1.54-fold . Lenzilumab improved SWOV by 1.91-fold  and 1.92-fold  in patients receiving remdesivir or remdesivir and corticosteroids, respectively. A key secondary endpoint of incidence of IMV, ECMO or death was also improved in patients receiving remdesivir (p=0.020) or remdesivir and corticosteroids (p=0.0180). Treatment-emergent serious adverse events were similar across both groups.Lenzilumab significantly improved SWOV in hypoxic COVID-19 patients upon hospitalization, with the greatest benefit observed in patients receiving treatment with remdesivir and corticosteroids. NCT04351152Zelalem Temesgem, MD, Humanigen, Inc (Grant/Research Support) Jason Baker, MD, Humanigen, Inc (Grant/Research Support) Christopher Polk, MD, Atea (Research Grant or Support)Gilead Humanigen (Research Grant or Support)Regeneron (Research Grant or Support) Claudia R. Libertin, MD, Gilead (Grant/Research Support) Colleen F. Kelley, MD, MPH, Gilead Sciences  Involved: Self): Grant/Research Support; Moderna  Involved: Self): Grant/Research Support; Novavax  Involved: Self): Grant/Research Support; Viiv  Involved: Self): Grant/Research Support Vincent Marconi, MD, Bayer Eli Lilly Gilead Sciences ViiV  Victoria Catterson, PhD, Humanigen, Inc (Consultant) William Aronstein, MD, PhD, Humanigen, Inc (Consultant) Cameron Durrant, MD, Humanigen, Inc (Employee) Dale Chappell, MD, Humanigen, Inc (Employee) Omar Ahmed, PharmD, Humanigen, Inc (Employee) Gabrielle Chappell, MSc, Humanigen, Inc (Consultant) Andrew Badley, M.D., AbbVie (Consultant) for the LIVE-AIR Study Group, n/a, Humanigen, Inc (Grant/Research Support)"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-020-57627-1, published online 20 January 2020Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 4, which incorrectly given as \u2018Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.\u2019 The correct affiliation is listed below:Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "A., Jowitt, T. A., Knauer, S. H., Uebel, S., Williams, M. A., Sedivy, A., Abian, O., Abreu, C., Adamczyk, M., Bal, W., Berger, S., Buell, A. K., Carolis, C., Daviter, T., Fish, A., Garcia-Alai, M., Guenther, C., Hamacek, J., Holkov\u00e1, J., Houser, J., Johnson, C., Kelly, S., Leech, A., Mas, C., Matulis, D., McLaughlin, S. H., Montserret, R., Nasreddine, R., Nehm\u00e9, R., Nguyen, Q., Ortega-Alarc\u00f3n, D., Perez, K., Pirc, K., Piszczek, G., Podobnik, M., Rodrigo, N., Rokov-Plavec, J., Schaefer, S., Sharpe, T., Southall, J., Staunton, D., Tavares, P., Vanek, O., Weyand, M., Wu, D. was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume 50, issue 3\u20134, pages 411\u2013427 the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2021 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article\u2019s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-00767-9, published online 28 October 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Chiara Montanari, Giulia Tabanelli, Federica Barbieri, Diego Mora, Robin Duncan, Fausto Gardini & Stefania Arioli, which were incorrectly given as Montanari Chiara, Tabanelli Giulia, Barbieri Federica, Mora Diego, Duncan Robin, Gardini Fausto & Arioli Stefania.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Med Res Methodol 21, 103 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-021-01288-9Two names are missing from the acknowledgements section under \u201cObstetric Emergency Consensus Authorship Group\u201d (\u201cRachel Corry\u201d and \u201cCeline McKeown\u201d). The list in that section should read:Amanda Andrews, Rita Arya, Sarah F. Bell, Denise Chaffer, Andrew Cooney, Rachel Corry, Mair G.P. Davies, Lisa Duffy, Caroline Everden, Theresa Fitzpatrick, Courtney Grant, Mark Hellaby, Tracey A. Herlihey, Sue Hignett, Sarah Hookes, Fran R. Ives, Gyuchan T. Jun, Owen J. Marsh, Tanya R. Matthews, Celine McKeown, Alexandra Merriman, Giulia Miles, Susan Millward, Neil Muchatata, David Newton, Valerie G. Noble, Pamela Page, Vincent Pargade, Sharon P. Pickering, Laura Pickup, Dale Richards, Cerys Scarr, Jyoti Sidhu, James Stevenson, Ben Tipney, Stephen Tipper, Jo Wailling, Susan P. Whalley-Lloyd, Christian Wilhelm, Juliet J. Wood.These two names  are also missing from the Authorship Group name and the tagging of them in databases such as Pubmed. The two names need to be added accordingly as well.Following publication of the original article , the autThe original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Acknowledgements Members of the Echinococcosis Working Group Ulm: Thomas FE Barth, Sven Baumann, Johannes Bloehdorn, Iris Fischer, Tilmann Graeter, Natalja Graf, Beate Gruener, Doris Henne-Bruns, Andreas Hillenbrand, Tanja Kaltenbach, Peter Kern, Petra Kern, Katharina Klein, Wolfgang Kratzer, Niloofar Ehteshami, Patrycja Schlingelof, Julian Schmidberger, Rong Shi, Yael Staehelin, Frauke Theis, Daniil Verbitskiy, Ghaith Zarour.The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. Figure\u00a03 in the original version of this article has been replaced. The corrected Fig.\u00a0The original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The eCRM carrier protein contains multiple insertions of the non-native amino acid para-azidomethyl-L-phenylalanine (pAMF) that facilitates site-specific conjugation of the pneumococcal polysaccharides (PS) to eCRM. Unlike conventional methodologies, site-selective conjugation enhances process consistency and increases capacity for inclusion of additional serotypes in a PCV without promoting carrier suppression. Using this platform, the aim of the current study was to employ CFPS technology to construct a 31-valent PCV and evaluate its immunogenicity in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. Due to the diversity of serotypes, exacerbated by the phenomenon of serotype replacement, there remains an unmet medical need for a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) containing additional serotypes. Using a cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) platform to produce an enhanced carrier protein , which were then mixed with aluminum phosphate to produce the VAX-XP Drug Product. 24 of the DS conjugates in VAX-XP were generated at manufacturing scale. Two doses of VAX-XP were administered to NZW rabbits at 0 and 21 days to assess its ability to elicit anti-capsular IgG antibodies. Additionally, rabbits were also administered either Prevnar13 or a mixture of Pneumovax 23 and 8 incremental PS in isotonic saline, as comparators.VAX-XP showed conjugate-like immune responses for all 31 serotypes, as demonstrated by superior responses to PS-based vaccines and comparable responses to Prevnar13. IgG responses for VAX-XP compared with Prevnar13 and Pneumovax 23 at 14 days post dose 2These results demonstrate that increasing the number of pneumococcal serotypes does not result in immunological attenuation in any of the serotypes contained in VAX-XP relative to the current standard of care. Furthermore, the data confirm the scalability and reproducibility of the CFPS platform in the production of VAX-XP conjugates, creating the foundation for a next generation broad-valency PCV.Chris Behrens, PhD, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Jeff Fairman, PhD, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Paresh Agarwal, PhD, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Shylaja Arulkumar, MS, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Sandrine Barbanel, MS, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Leslie Bautista, n/a, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Aym Berges, PhD, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) John Burky, BS, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Peter Davey, MS, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Chris Grainger, PhD, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Sherry Guo, PhD, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Sam Iki, MS, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Mark Iverson, BS, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Neeraj Kapoor, PhD, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Olivier Marcq, PhD, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Thi-Sau Migone, PhD, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Lucy Pill, MS, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Mohammed Sardar, n/a, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) Paul Sauer, MBA, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee) James Wassil, MS MBA, Vaxcyte, Inc. (Employee)"}
+{"text": "Communications Biology 10.1038/s42003-021-02595-z, published online 22 September 2021.Correction to: In this article, the institute \u201cIRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital\u201d was incorrectly given as \u201cIRCSS Humanitas Research Hospital\u201d in the following affiliations. The original article has been corrected.Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.Breast Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.Department of Pathology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.Humanitas Flow Cytometry Core, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.Genomic Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy."}
+{"text": "Future Science OA 7(2), FSO662; doi: 10.2144/fsoa-2020-0159, it has been brought to our attention that an author was erroneously absent from the author list.Following publication of the Research Article by KL Reckamp, JA McQuerry, I\u00a0Mambetsariev, R\u00a0Pharaon, SE Yost, J\u00a0Fricke, T\u00a0Mirzapoiazova, RK Pillai, L\u00a0Arvanitis, Z\u00a0Khan, M\u00a0Fakih, Y\u00a0Yuan, M\u00a0Koczywas, E\u00a0Massarelli, P\u00a0Kulkarni, SK Pal, M\u00a0Sattler, A\u00a0Bild & R\u00a0Salgia\u00a0titled \u201cCo-stimulatory and co-inhibitory immune markers in solid tumors with MET alterations\u201d, which appeared in the February 2021 issue of The author list has now been corrected to include Leonidas Arvanitis, and reads:Karen L Reckamp, Jasmine A McQuerry, Isa Mambetsariev, Rebecca Pharaon, Susan E Yost, Jeremy Fricke, Tamara Mirzapoiazova, Raju K Pillai, Leonidas Arvanitis, Ziad Khan, Marwan Fakih, Yuan Yuan, Marianna Koczywas, Erminia Massarelli, Prakash Kulkarni, Sumanta K Pal, Martin Sattler, Andrea Bild & Ravi Salgia.The author contributions list has also been updated as follows:K L Reckamp: conceptualization, design, methodology, validation, formal analysis, original draft preparation, data accrual, tissue acquisition and writing review and editing. J McQuerry: conceptualization, design, methodology, validation, formal analysis, original draft preparation and writing review and editing. I Mambetsariev: conceptualization, design, methodology, data curation, original draft preparation and writing review and editing. R Pharaon: methodology, validation, data curation and writing review and editing. J Fricke: methodology, validation, data curation and writing review and editing. T Mirzapoiazova: methodology, validation, data curation and writing review and editing. R K Pillai: methodology, validation and tissue acquisition. L Arvanitis: methodology, validation and tissue acquisition. Z Khan: validation, data accrual and tissue acquisition. M Fakih: validation, data accrual and tissue acquisition. Y Yuan: validation, data accrual and tissue acquisition. M Koczywas: validation, data accrual and tissue acquisition. E Massarelli: validation, data accrual and tissue acquisition. P Kulkarni: supervision, methodology and writing review and editing. S K Pal: supervision, methodology, data accrual, tissue acquisition and writing review and editing. M Sattler: methodology and writing review and editing. A Bild: supervision, conceptualization, design, methodology, validation, original draft preparation and writing review and editing. R Salgia: supervision, funding acquisition, conceptualization, design, methodology, validation, original draft preparation and writing review and editing. All authors contributed to the review, editing and approval of the final manuscript.Future Science OA would like to sincerely apologize for any confusion or inconvenience this may have caused our readers.The authors and editors of"}
+{"text": "The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.The Acknowledgement with the members of the Appendicitis-COVID study group is missing. The correct version of is given below.AcknowledgementsMembers of the Appendicitis-COVID study group:Monza: Marco Nizzardo, Luca Nespoli, Luca Fattori, Luca Degrate, Stefano Perrone, Marco CeredaBergamo: Michele Pisano, Elia Poiasina, Paolo BertoliLodi: Michele Ballabio, Stefano BragaPavia: Giorgio GrazianoPisa: DarioTartaglia, Francesco ArcesLecco: Marco Mariani, Fulvio TagliabueParma: Gennaro Perrone, Alfredo Annicchiarico, Mario GiuffridaLegnano: Giovanni Ferrari, Antonio Benedetti, Niccol\u00f2 AllieviPonte San Pietro: Michele Ciocca, Enrico Pinotti, Mauro MontuoriSan Raffaele: Michele Carlucci, Valentina TomajerCesena: Paola FugazzolaThe original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "The following statement should be added to the Acknowledgments section of this paper: \u201cCRediT roles for this study are as follows: Mohammed Mufrrih: Investigation; Biyao Chen: Formal analysis, Investigation; Shiu-Wan Chan: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing.\u201dVolume 6, no. 3, e00361-21, 2021,"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-96310-x, published online 19 August 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Lennart Well, Anna Careddu, Maria Stark, Said Farschtschi, Peter Bannas, Gerhard Adam, Victor-Felix Mautner & Johannes Salamon which were incorrectly given as Well Lennart, Careddu Anna, Stark Maria, Farschtschi Said, Bannas Peter, Adam Gerhard, Mautner Victor-Felix & Salamon Johannes.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Mol Neurobiol10.1007/s12035-021-02287-zThe original version of this article unfortunately contained some mistakes.The surnames and given names of authors were interchanged. It should be:Elisabetta Signoriello, Marta Mallardo, Ersilia Nigro, Rita Polito, Sara Casertano, Andrea Di Pietro, Marcella Coletta, Maria Ludovica Monaco, Fabiana Rossi, Giacomo Lus, and Aurora DanieleThe original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Correction to: J Exp Clin Cancer Res 40, 140 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01940-81Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People\u2019s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, number 1291, Jiangning road, Putuo, Shanghai, 200060, China2Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Number 301, Middle Yanchang road, Jing\u2019an, Shanghai 200072, ChinaFollowing publication of the original article , the autThe original article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Leukemia 10.1038/s41375-020-0779-z, published online 03 March 2020Correction to: The article Comprehensive genomic characterization of gene therapy-induced T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, written by Peter Horak, Sebastian Uhrig, Maximilian Witzel, Irene Gil-Farina, Barbara Hutter, Tim Rath, Laura Gieldon, Gnana Prakash Balasubramanian, Xavier Pastor, Christoph E. Heilig, Daniela Richter, Evelin Schr\u00f6ck, Claudia R. Ball, Benedikt Brors, Christian J. Braun, Michael H. Albert, Claudia Scholl, Christof von Kalle, Manfred Schmidt, Stefan Fr\u00f6hling, Christoph Klein & Hanno Glimm, was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume 34, pages 2785\u20132789, the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to \u00a9 The Author(s) [year of online publication] and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-93143-6, published online 02 July 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for Kurenai Kinno. The correct affiliations for Kurenai Kinno are listed below:Department of Urology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omorinishi, Ota City, Tokyo, 143-8540, JapanDepartment of Urology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro City, Tokyo, 153-8515, JapanDepartment of Urology, Yotsuya Medical Cube, 7-7 Nibancho, Chiyoda City, Tokyo, 102-0084, JapanThe original Article and accompanying Supplementary Information file have been corrected."}
+{"text": "RPB1, RPB2, and TEF1). In this study, one new order, one new family, four new genera, twenty new species, and two new combinations were proposed. They are Franziozymales ord. nov., Franziozymaceae fam. nov., Baueromyces gen. nov., Franziozyma gen. nov., Guomyces gen. nov., Yunzhangomyces gen. nov., Baueromyces planticola sp. nov., Franziozyma bambusicola sp. nov., Gjaerumia cyclobalanopsidis sp. nov., Gjaerumia pseudominor sp. nov., Jamesdicksonia aceris sp. nov., Jaminaea lantanae sp. nov., Kalmanozyma hebeiensis sp. nov., Langdonia ligulariae sp. nov., Meira hainanensis sp. nov., Meira pileae sp. nov., Meira plantarum sp. nov., Phragmotaenium parafulvescens sp. nov., Sporisorium cylindricum sp. nov., Sympodiomycopsis europaea sp. nov., Tilletiopsis lunata sp. nov., Tilletiopsis pinicola sp. nov., Yunzhangomyces clavatus sp. nov., Yunzhangomyces cylindricus sp. nov., Yunzhangomyces qinlingensis sp. nov., Yunzhangomyces orchidis sp. nov., Guomyces nicotianae comb. nov., and Yunzhangomces scirpi comb. nov.Two hundred and forty-four ustilaginomycetous yeast or yeast-like strains were isolated from the soil, skin of animals or humans and plant materials during the past 20 years. Among them, 203 strains represent 39 known species, whereas 41 strains represent several novel species based on the sequence analyses of the rDNA genes  and three protein genes ( Ustilaginomycotina  comprises a variety of lifestyles. The majority of species are biotrophic pathogens known as smuts, whereas some anamorphic yeast lineages are saprotrophs or, possibly, mycoparasites  and the ITS sequences in the State Key Laboratory of Mycology, China. Most of them belonging to The yeast or yeast-like strains studied are listed in RPB1 and RPB2) and the translation elongation factor 1-\u03b1 (TEF1), were performed as described in Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted following the method proposed by Sequence alignments were performed with the MAFFT algorithm  using thEntyloma, Exobasidium, Gjaerumia, Golubevia, Langdonia, Meira, Moesziomyces, Mycosarcoma, Phragmotaenium, Pseudozyma pro. tem, Quambalaria, Robbauera, Sporisorium, Tilletiopsis, and Ustilago, and 20 undescribed species , the skin of animals or humans , and plant materials , including leaves, tree bark, and rotten wood, were identified as 39 known species distributed in 15 genera, i.e.,  species  based onTilletiopsis washingtonensis were obtained from eight provinces in China, which occupy 32.8% isolate frequency . The other frequently isolated species are Mycosarcoma maydis (Ustilago maydis) (9.4%), Pseudozyma hubeiensis pro. tem (6.6%), Moesziomyces aphidis (6.1%), Golubevia pallescens (5.7%), Phragmotaenium oryzicola (5.3%), Moesziomyces antarcticus (4.1%), Gjaerumia minor (3.7%), and Meira geulakonigii (2.9%) , and shepherds (My. maydis infection have been reported (Mo. aphidis was isolated both from plants (leaves), animals (cows), and in the soil. Ex. reticulatum, Go. pallescens, Ph. oryzicola, Ps. fusiformata, Ps. tsukubaensis, and T. lilacina were also isolated from the soil and from plant materials  . T. washhepherds . The casreported . The resreported . Mo. aphaterials .Ustilaginomycotina, most of which represent rare taxa. A few not included potentially conspecific strains were not available for the study, inactive, or lost. These descriptions were made on a limited number of isolates because more strains could not be obtained despite of extensive sampling and analysis of more than 200 isolates.The below analyses illustrate the undescribed diversity of yeasts in Ustilaginomycotina. While nucleotide sequences of D1/D2 domains are often too conservative to distinguish closely related species, this region is useful for phylogenetic analyses. In contrast, the variability of ITS is often sufficient to identify new species from pair-wise similarity comparisons (see below).The two most frequently used for identification of yeast genetic markers, ribosomal ITS, and D1/D2 domains of LSU proved their utility for identification and delimitation of species in Ustilaginomycotina includes mainly parasitic fungi and few of saprobic yeast or yeast-like members (Ustilaginomycotina have been reported (Pseudozyma prolifica (teleomorph My. maydis), Pseudozyma tsukubaensis , Mo. aphidis, Mo. antarcticus, and Mo. rugulosus .Forty-one strains  were groic trees \u20133 and caNote that the ex-type strains (or reference strains) of known species were used for sequence similarity analyses for novel species comparisons, and that the GenBank and strain numbers can be found in Ustilaginaceae  in the southeastern United States in 2018 . This is the first case in the genus Langdonia for the connection between the sexual and asexual states. CGMCC 2.6313 has affinity with L. aristidae and L. confusa, and differs from them by more than 9 nt and 72\u201375 nt (10%) in the D1/D2 and ITS regions, respectively.The genus walkerae , among wequences  and diff species , 3. The  in 2018 . CGMCC 2Kalmanozyma clade  in the ITS region.Strain CGMCC 2.3457 locates in the anamorphic genus ma clade , 2. It dBrachybasidiaceae contains Brachybasidium, Dicellomyces, Exobasidiellum, Kordyana, Meira, and Proliferobasidium  in the ITS region, indicating that they are different species. Strain CGMCC 2.3537 was located in a basal branch in the Meira clade, and differs from Meira sp. 07F1061 (JX575187) and Meira sp. 08F0291 (JX575186) by 6\u20137 nt and from other know Meira species by more than 51 nt (8%) in the D1/D2 domain.The family basidium . Eleven idiaceae , 3. The iamensis . Strainsra clade , 3. The ashicola , 3. The Meira nicotianae was described by Meira clade in the LSU and ITS+LSU trees. However, Meira was polyphyletic and that Me. nicotianae was separated from the Meira clade and was more closely related to Dicellomyces scirpi in the ITS + LSU tree. Our analyses  as C. bombacis .Strains CGMCC 2.3451, CGMCC 2.4433, CGMCC 2.4533, CGMCC 2.6304, and XZ128D1 represent four undescribed species , 3 whicheosporus , 3. TherGeorgefischeriales  in the D1/D2 domain. More than 6% diversity between those taxa was found in the ITS region.Strains CGMCC 2.3573, CGMCC 2.5616, CGMCC 2.6419, CGMCC 2.5679, CGMCC 2.2370, CGMCC 2.5602, and XZ156C4 are placed in heriales , 2. The ng taxon . Strain Gjaerumia comprises three parasitic smut fungi infecting the Asparagaceae, Melanthiaceae, and Xanthorrhoeaceae plant and two yeast species , was recently described and known as an asexual culturable yeast based on phylogenetic analysis  belong to the Gjaerumia clade and differ from the closely related species G. minor by 15 (2.5%) and 74 nt (11%) in the D1/D2 and ITS regions, respectively. These two novel strains differ from each other by 8 nt in the D1/D2 domain and 72 nt in the ITS region, which indicates that they belong to different species.The genus  species . Gjaerumanalysis . StrainsJamesdicksonia, i.e., J. dactylidis, J. ischaemiana, J. irregularis, and J. mali, have available D1/D2 sequence (Acer pectinatum (Sapindaceae), cluster with the Jamesdicksonia species and are closely related to the asexual species J. mali isolated from apple  recently described by J. mali CBS 111628 and CBS 111625 by 0\u20131 nt in the D1/D2 domain. However, there are 27\u201333 nt (6\u20137%) differences in the ITS region. They also have more divergence in the assimilation of carbon and nitrogen  in the ITS region.Five species of sequence . They diNote: Strain CGMCC 2.6419 differs from the two Japanese strains, NIP003 (AB726595) and NIP007 (AB726598), by 2\u20133 nt in the D1/D2 domain, which indicate that they may be conspecific.Tilletiopsis cremea, T. lilacina, and T. washingtonensis, were included in the revised genus Tilletiopsis (Tilletiopsis clade (T. washingtonensis and differ from it by 3 and 10\u201312 nt (\u223c2%) in the D1/D2 domain and ITS region, respectively. Strain CGMCC 2.5613 has identical D1/D2 sequences with Tilletiopsis lilacina. However, they differ from each other by 11 nt (\u223c2%) in the ITS region. Physiological profiles of HE6AB1, HE2A5, and CGMCC 2.5613 differed from their closely related species T. washingtonensis and T. lilacina  from lichen biocrust soil in Utah, USA and Tilletiopsis sp. isolate YP-240 (KU702544/KU702557) from Duke pine Forest soil in North Carolina, United States have identical D1/D2 sequences, but they differ from each other by 9\u201310 nt in the ITS region. A multigene approach is needed to determine whether or not they may represent different species.Microstromales comprises Jaminaea, Parajaminaea, Pseudomicrostroma, Microstroma, Quambalaria, Sympodiomycopsis, and Volvocisporium. Parajaminaea, Pseudomicrostroma, and Microstroma are teleomorphic genera and contain both sexual and asexual species. The other genera in Microstromales belong to strictly anamorphic fungi. Our 14 isolates  in the D1/D2 domain and by 60 nt (9%) in the ITS region.Three species, namely, mycopsis . StrainsParajaminaea and Jaminaea in the Microstromatales  and 90 nt (13%), respectively. The above data indicate that strains CGMCC 2.4532, CGMCC 2.4534, CGMCC 2.4535, and CGMCC 2.4536 represent a new genus in the Microstromatales because they cannot be placed in the existing genera in Microstromatales.Strains CGMCC 2.4532, CGMCC 2.4534, CGMCC 2.4535, and CGMCC 2.4536 form a separate branch with 100% BP support and are closely related to the genera omatales , 6. ThesNote: The CGMCC 2.4532 group has identical ITS sequences with two strains 5CL1 (KJ460375) and 4FL2 (KJ460376) from Brazil, and identical D1/D2 sequences with strain BMA 85 (MH908976) from Brazil, which indicates they are conspecific.Microstromales, such as Ps. phylloplanum and Quambalaria cyanescens, with 94% similarity. However, the best match is with Golubevia pallescens and \u2018Entyloma dahliae\u2019 with 57\u201379% coverage and 79\u201383% similarity using ITS sequences as the query. To confirm the phylogenetic position of these two strains, a multiple gene phylogenetic tree was constructed  and 71% (449/632), respectively, which are too distant to place XZ4C4 in the genus Golubevia and order Golubeviales. The above analyses indicated that strain XZ4C4 could represent a new order, distinct from Golubeviales. Therefore, Franziozyma bambusoicola gen. et sp. nov., Franziozymaceae fam. nov., and Franziozymales ord. nov. are proposed for strains XZ4C4 and XZ4A1.Two strains, XZ4C4 and XZ4A1, have the same sequences in both the ITS and D1/D2 regions. A BLASTn search using the D1/D2 sequence of XZ4C4 showed that the top matched sequences were that of species in structed . Strain Etymology: the specific epithet cylindricum refers to the cell morphology of the type strain.After 7 days at 17\u00b0C in YM broth, cells are cylindrical, 1.5\u20133.5 \u00d7 6.5\u201314.0 \u03bcm and single, a sediment is produced, budding is polar . After 1D-ribose, D-xylose, L-rhamnose, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, succinic acid, and inositol are assimilated. L-sorbose, lactose, inulin, D-arabinose, L-arabinose, D-glucosamine, N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine, ethanol, glycerol, D-mannitol, D-glucitol, methanol, erythritol, ribitol, galactitol, D-glueonale, DL-lactic acid, citric acid, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate and L-lysine are assimilated. Potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ethylamine, and cadaverine are not assimilated. Maximum growth temperature is 30\u00b0C. Growth does occur in a vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar. Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, melibiose, raffinose, melezitose, soluble starch, Typus: China, Tibet, obtained from a leaf of an unidentified plant, Oct. 2007, Qi-Ming Wang, holotype CGMCC 2. 3756T preserved in a metabolically inactive state in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), Beijing, China. Ex-type CBS 15755 is deposited at the CBS collection of the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands. Kunming county, Yunnan province, obtained from a leaf of an unidentified plant, May. 2007, Qi-Ming Wang, paratype CGMCC 2.3576.Note: S. arthraxonis, S. ophiuri, S. fastigiatum, S. reilianum, S. lacrymae-jobi, and S. pseudechinolaenae are all parasitized on Poaceae. The two yeasts, CGMCC 2.3576 and CGMCC 2.3756, also isolated from leaves of the plant. Unfortunately, those plants were not identified. Except the worldwide distributed S. reilianum, the above five parasitic species mostly occur in the tropic region including southern China and Southeast Asia  and Hanan province (southern China), respectively, which indicated that they have similar ecological and biogeographical characters to those parasitic species.ast Asia . The twoEtymology: the specific epithet hebeiensis refers to the geography from which the type strain was isolated.After 7 days at 17\u00b0C in YM broth, cells are cylindrical, 1.7\u20133.0 \u00d7 5.8\u201310.0 \u03bcm, and single or in pairs, a sediment is produced, budding is polar . After 1D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-arabinose (weak), D-ribose (weak), D-glucosamine, ethanol, glycerol, ribitol, D-mannitol, D-glucitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin (weak), succinic acid and citric acid are assimilated. L-sorbose, melibiose, inulin, soluble starch, L-rhamnose, methanol, erythritol, galactitol, DL-lactic acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite, L-lysine (weak), and ethylamine (latent and weak) are assimilated. Cadaverine is not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in a vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar. Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, lactose (latent and weak), raffinose (weak), melezitose, K. hebeiensis differs from its closely related species, K. brasiliensis and K. vetiver, in its inability to assimilate L-sorbose and inositol , and succinic acid (weak) are assimilated. Galactose, L-sorbose, maltose, melibiose, D-arabinose, D-ribose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine, methanol, ethanol, glycerol, erythritol, ribitol, galactitol, D-glucitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, DL-lactic acid, citric acid, myo-inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite, L-lysine, ethylamine, and cadaverine are assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does not occur in vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, sucrose, cellobiose (weak), trehalose (weak), lactose (weak), raffinose (weak), melezitose (weak), inulin (weak), soluble starch (weak), L. walkerae differs from its closely related species, L. jejuensis, and L. ligulariae, in its inability to assimilate maltose and its ability to assimilate succinic acid  are assimilated. Galactose, L-sorbose, lactose, melibiose, D-arabinose, D-ribose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine, methanol, erythritol, galactitol, D-glucitol, salicin, DL-lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite (weak), L-lysine, ethylamine, and cadaverine are assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, raffinose, melezitose, inulin (weak), soluble starch (weak), L. ligulariae differs from its closely related species, L. walkerae and L. jejuensis, in its inability to assimilate lactose and its ability to use ethanol, glycerol, ribitol, and \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside . The asexual yeast species L. jejuensis was isolated from a leaf of Citrus unshiu (Rutaceae) in South Korea. CGMCC 2.6313 was isolated from a leaf of Ligularia tsangchanensis (Asteraceae) in Tibet, China. Although CGMCC 2.6313 and L. jejuensis were all isolated from the leaf of plant (Asteraceae and Rutaceae), they differ from the parasitic species of Langdonia whose host is the Poaceae grass, which indicated that the asexual yeast stage and the sexual stage of Langdonia may have different ecological inches in nature.Etymology: the specific epithet plantarum refers to the substrates from which the type strain was isolated.After 7 days at 17\u00b0C in YM broth, cells are fusiform and cylindrical to elongate, 1.7\u20132.1 \u00d7 4.2\u201328.3 \u03bcm and single, a sediment is produced, and budding is polar . After 1D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-ribose, erythritol, galactitol (variable), D-mannitol, D-glucitol, salicin (latent and weak), and succinic acid (latent and weak) are assimilated. L-sorbose, lactose, inulin, soluble starch, D-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, methanol, ethanol, glycerol, ribitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, DL-lactic acid, citric acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ethylamine, and cadaverine (latent) are assimilated. L-lysine (or latent and weak) is not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, melibiose, raffinose, melezitose, M. plantarum differs from its closely related species, M. nashicola and M. pileae, in its inability to assimilate D-arabinose , ethanol (weak), glycerol (weak), ribose (weak), erythritol (weak), D-mannitol (weak), D-glucitol (weak), salicin, and succinic acid (latent and weak) are assimilated. L-sorbose, lactose, galactitol, soluble starch, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, methanol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, D-glueonale, DL-lactic acid, citric acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite, L-lysine, ethylamine, and cadaverine are assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, melibiose, inulin, raffinose, melezitose, Me. pileae differs from its closely related species, Me. nashicola and Me. Plantarum, in its ability to assimilate inulin , erythritol, ribitol (latent and weak), galactitol, D-mannitol, D-glucitol, and succinic acid (weak) are assimilated. L-sorbose, lactose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, methanol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, DL-lactic acid, citric acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate (weak), sodium nitrite, and cadaverine are assimilated. L-lysine and ethylamine are not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, melibiose, raffinose, melezitose, inulin, soluble starch, Me. hainanensis differs from its closely related species Me. argovae in its inability to assimilate salicin and citric acid  from citrus leaves (Ricinus communis and Citrus paradisi) in Israel . The genus is mainly circumscribed by the description of Dicellomyces scirpi and the phylogenetic analysis of the six-genes sequences (This genus is proposed for the branch represented by equences .Scirpus sylvaticus (Cyperaceae); basidia developing in gelatinous basidiocarps breaking through epidermis, swollen, not persistent probasidia, with paraphyses, sterigmata 2; producing allantoid or coiled conidia  Q.M. Wang, E. Tanaka, M. Groenew. and D. Begerow.Basionym: Dicellomyces scirpi Raitv., in Parmasto, Eesti NSV Tead. Akad. Toim. 17(2): 223 (1968).Etymology: the specific epithet orchidis refers to plant host, Orchidaceae sp., from which the type strain was isolated.After 7 days at 17\u00b0C in YM broth, cells are cylindrical to elongate, .08\u20131.7 \u00d7 2.8\u201316.7 \u03bcm and single, a sediment is produced, budding is polar, and hyphae are narrow , raffinose, melezitose, inulin, D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-arabinose, D-ribose, ethanol, glycerol, erythritol, ribitol, D-mannitol, D-glucitol, salicin, succinic acid (latent and weak), and citric acid (latent and weak) are assimilated. Lactose, soluble starch, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, methanol, galactitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, DL-lactic acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite, L-lysine, ethylamine, and cadaverine are assimilated Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, Y. orchidis differs from its closely related culturable species Y. clavatus in its ability to assimilate inulin, D-arabinose, and glycerol , sucrose, maltose, cellobiose (variable), trehalose, melibiose, raffinose, melezitose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-ribose (variable), ethanol (or latent and weak), erythritol (variable), ribitol (variable), D-mannitol, and D-glucitol are assimilated. Lactose, inulin, soluble starch, D-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, methanol, glycerol, galactitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin (or latent and weak), succinic acid (or weak), DL-lactic acid, citric acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite, L-lysine (variable), ethylamine, and cadaverine are assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose (variable), Y. clavatus differs from its closely related species, Y. orchis, in its inability to assimilate inulin, D-arabinose, and glycerol , D-ribose, ethanol, erythritol, ribitol (latent and weak), D-mannitol, D-glucitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside (latent and weak), salicin (latent), succinic acid and citric acid are assimilated. Cellobiose, lactose, melibiose, inulin, soluble starch, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine, methanol, glycerol, galactitol, DL-lactic acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, L-lysine (latent and weak), ethylamine (latent and weak), and cadaverine (latent and weak) are assimilated. Sodium nitrite is not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, Y. qinlingensis differs from its closely related species Y. cylindricus in its inability to assimilate cellobiose and inulin and its ability to use melezitose, succinic acid, and citric acid , Beijing, China. Ex-type CBS 144910 is deposited at the CBS collection of the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.Etymology: the specific epithet cylindricus refers to the vegetative cell morphology of the type strain.After 7 days at 17\u00b0C in YM broth, cells are cylindrical, club-shaped, 1.2\u20131.8 \u00d7 6.0\u201320.8 \u03bcm and single, a sediment is produced, budding is polar, and hyphae are narrow  glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, Y. cylindricus differs from its closely related species Y. qinlingensis in its inability to assimilate melezitose, succinic acid, and citric acid and its ability to use cellobiose and inulin . The genus is mainly circumscribed by the phylogenetic analysis of the ITS+LSU sequences  Q.M. Wang, E. Tanaka, M. Groenew., and D. Begerow.Basionym: Meira nicotianae H.K. Wang and F.C. Lin, in Cao et al. Phytotaxa 365 (2): 176 (2018).Etymology: the specific epithet, parafulvescens, refers to a similar colony morphology to that of Phragmotaenium fulvescens.After 7 days at 17\u00b0C in YM broth, cells are cylindrical, 1.0\u20131.7 \u00d7 10.8\u201325.0 \u03bcm and single, a sediment is produced, budding is polar, and hyphae are narrow , sucrose, maltose, trehalose, Lactose (latent and weak), melibiose (latent and weak), raffinose, melezitose, inulin, soluble starch, D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-arabinose, glycerol, ribitol (latent and weak), D-mannitol, D-glucitol, D-gluenoale, and succinic acid are assimilated. Cellobiose, D-ribose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine, methanol, ethanol, erythritol, galactitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, DL-lactic acid, citric acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, and L-lysine (latent and weak) are assimilated. Sodium nitrite, ethylamine, and cadaverine are not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose (latent and weak), P. parafulvescens differs from its closely related species, P. fulvescens, in its inability to assimilate cellobiose, D-ribose, erythritol, citric acid, and sodium nitrite and its positive growth in vitamin-free medium . No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, melezitose, solube starch, G. pseudominor differs from its closely related species G. minor and G. cyclobalanopsidis in its inability to assimilate galactose, lactose, melibiose, raffinose, inulin, D-arabinose, and D-ribose , sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, lactose, melibiose, raffinose, melezitose, inulin, D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-arabinose, glycerol, ribitol (weak), D-mannitol (weak), and D-glucitol (weak) are assimilated. Solube starch, D-ribose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine, methanol, ethanol, erythritol, galactitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, DL-lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate (weak), sodium nitrite, L-lysine (weak), and cadaverine (latent and weak) are assimilated. Ethylamine is not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does not occur in vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, G. cyclobalanopsidis differs from its closely related species G. pseudominor and G. minor in its inability to assimilate soluble starch, DL-lactic acid, and succinic acid , L-arabinose, D-arabinose, D-ribose, L-rhamnose, glycerol, erythritol, ribitol, D-mannitol, D-glucitol, and succinic acid (variable) are assimilated. L-sorbose, melibiose, D-glucosamine, methanol, ethanol, galactitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, DL-lactic acid, citric acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, L-lysine, ethylamine, and cadaverine are assimilated. Sodium nitrite is not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose (variable), sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, lactose (variable), raffinose (or weak), melezitose (or weak), inulin (variable), soluble starch (variable), J. aceris differs from its closely related species J. mali in its inability to assimilate melibiose, D-glucosamine, and sodium nitrite and its ability to use D-arabinose, ribitol, and cadaverine , succinic acid (weak), and citric acid (weak) are assimilated. L-sorbose, cellobiose, lactose, inulin, soluble starch, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine, methanol, ribitol, galactitol, D-mannitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, DL-lactic acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, L-lysine, ethylamine, and cadaverine are assimilated. Sodium nitrite is not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, melibiose (weak), raffinose, melezitose, T. pinicola differs from its closely related species, T. lilacina, in its inability to assimilate cellobiose, soluble starch, ribitol, D-mannitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, DL-lactic acid, and sodium nitrite and its ability to assimilate ethanol and grow in the vitamin-free medium , D-mannitol, D-glucitol, succinic acid, and citric acid are assimilated. L-sorbose, cellobiose, lactose, D-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine, methanol, galactitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside, salicin, D-glueonale, DL-lactic acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite (variable), L-lysine, and cadaverine are assimilated. Ethylamine is not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, raffinose, melezitose, inulin, soluble starch, T. lunata differs from its closely related species, T. washingtonensis, in its inability to assimilate D-arabinose, D-glueonale, and DL-lactic acid and its ability to use inulin, and its positive growth in the vitamin-free medium , maltose (latent and weak), cellobiose (latent and weak), melezitose (latent and weak), D-xylose (latent), L-arabinose, D-glucosamine (latent), N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine, ethanol, glycerol, erythritol, D-mannitol (latent), D-glucitol (latent and weak), \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside (latent and weak), and salicin (latent and weak) are assimilated. Galactose, trehalose, melibiose, raffinose, lactose, inulin, soluble starch, D-arabinose, D-Ribose, L-rhamnose, methanol, ribitol, galactitol, D-glueonale, DL-lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, inositol, and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, L-lysine, ethylamine, and cadaverine are assimilated. Potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite are not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, Typus: China, Haikou county, Hainan province, obtained from a leaf of Lantana camara, Aug. 2007, Qi-Ming Wang, holotype CGMCC 2.3529T preserved in a metabolically inactive state in the CGMCC, Beijing, China. Ex-type CBS 15493 is deposited at the CBS collection of the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands. Haikou county, Hainan province, obtained from a leaf of Lantana camara, Aug. 2007, Qi-Ming Wang, paratype CGMCC 2.3622.Note: J. angkorensis was isolated from fallen decaying leaves in Cambodia, J. lanaiensis from marine driftwood in Hawaiian, J. pallidilutea from plant material from mangrove in Iran, J. rosea from phylloplane of Plumeria in Florida , lactose, melibiose, raffinose, melezitose, soluble starch (weak), D-xylose, L-arabinose (or latent and weak), D-ribose, ethanol, glycerol, erythritol, D-mannitol, D-glucitol (or latent and weak), and \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside (or latent and weak) are assimilated. Cellobiose, inulin, D-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-glucosamine, methanol, ribitol, galactitol, salicin, DL-lactic acid, succinic acid (or weak), citric acid (or latent and weak), inositol (or weak), and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate (variable), L-lysine (weak), and cadaverine are assimilated. Sodium nitrite and ethylamine are not assimilated. Optimal growth is at 17\u201325\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, S. europaea differs from its closely related species, S. kandeliae and S. paphiopedili, in its inability to assimilate cellobiose, D-arabinose, and grow in the 50% glucose medium . The genus is mainly circumscribed by the phylogenetic analysis of the six-gene sequences , L-arabinose, D-ribose (variable), L-rhamnose (variable), N-Acetyl-D-glucosmine (variable), glycerol, erythritol (latent and weak), D-mannitol, and D-glucitol are assimilated. L-sorbose, soluble starch, D-arabinose, D-glucosamine, methanol, ethanol (or weak), ribitol, galactitol, \u03b1-Methyl-D-glucoside (weak), salicin (or latent and weak), DL-lactic acid, succinic acid (or weak), citric acid, inositol (or latent and weak), and hexadecane are not assimilated. Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate (or weak), L-lysine (or weak), ethylamine (or weak), and cadaverine (or weak) are assimilated. Sodium nitrite (or latent and weak) is not assimilated. The maximum growth temperature is 30\u201332\u00b0C. Growth does occur in the vitamin-free medium. No starch-like substrate is produced. Growth does not occur on 50% (w/w) glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose (week), cellobiose, trehalose (latent and weak), lactose (weak), melibiose (variable), raffinose, melezitose (variable), inulin, Typus: China, Xingshan County, Hubei province, obtained from a leaf of the unidentified plant, March 2012, Qi-Ming Wang, holotype CGMCC 2.4532T preserved in a metabolically inactive state in the CGMCC, Beijing, China. Ex-type CBS 144909 is deposited at the CBS collection of the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands. Maotai county, Guizhou province, obtained from a leaf of the unidentified plant, March 2012, Qi-Ming Wang, CGMCC 2.4534. Fanjingshan, Guizhou province, obtained from a leaf of the unidentified plant, March 2012, Qi-Ming Wang, paratypes CGMCC 2.4535 and CGMCC 2.4536.Exobasidiomycetes. The diagnosis of the order Franziozymales is based on the description of the genus Franziozyma. The nomenclature of the order is based on the genus Franziozyma.Member of Type family: Franziozymaceae Q.M. Wang, D. Begerow, M. Groenew.Franziozymales (Exobasidiomycetes). The diagnosis of the family Franziozymaceae is based on the description of the genus, Franziozyma. The nomenclature of the family is based on the genus.Member of Type genus: Franziozyma Q.M. Wang, D. Begerow and M. Groenew.Genus accepted: Franziozyma Q.M. Wang, D. Begerow and M. Groenew.Etymology: the genus is named in honor of Franz Oberwinkler for his pioneering work on the taxonomy of smuts.T, which formed a separate branch from Golubeviales and other orders in Exobasidiomycetes. The genus is mainly circumscribed by the phylogenetic analysis of the six loci dataset  glucose-yeast extract agar Urease and Diazonium blue B reactions are positive.Glucose is not fermented. Glucose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, trehalose, raffinose, inulin, soluble starch, glycerol, erythritol, Typus: China, Bomi County, Tibet, obtained from a leaf of bamboo, Sep. 2004, Qi-Ming Wang, holotype CGMCC 2.2620T preserved in a metabolically inactive state in the CGMCC, Beijing, China. Ex-type CBS 15774 is deposited at the CBS collection of the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands. Bomi county, Tibet, obtained from a leaf of bamboo, September 2004, Qi-Ming Wang, paratype XZ4A1.The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/Q-MW conceived and designed the project. Q-MW, Y-YL, Y-TG, and FW performed sampling and yeast isolation. Y-YL, A-HL, M-MW, and Q-MW performed phenotypic characterization and analyzed the molecular data. B-QZ registered the taxa in MycoBank submitted the sequence data in TreeBASE. Q-MW, M-MW, MG, and DB wrote the manuscript. ET and F-YB revised the manuscript. ET supported the sequences generated in his laboratory. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Arch Public Health 78, 121 (2020)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-020-00505-zFollowing publication of the original article , the autThe original first affiliation was1. Public health and genome, Scientific Directorate of Epidemiology and public health, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumThe correct affiliation has been provided in this Correction.1. Scientific Directorate of Epidemiology and public health, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumThe original article  has been"}
+{"text": "Amongst the countless marine organisms, seaweeds are considered as one of the richest sources of biologically active ingredients having powerful biological activities. Seaweeds or marine macroalgae are macroscopic multicellular eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms and have the potential to produce a large number of valuable compounds, such as proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, amino acids, phenolic compounds, pigments, etc. Since it is a prominent source of bioactive constituents, it finds diversified industrial applications viz food and dairy, pharmaceuticals, medicinal, cosmeceutical, nutraceutical, etc. Moreover, seaweed-based cosmetic products are risen up in their demands by the consumers, as they see them as a promising alternative to synthetic cosmetics. Normally it contains purified biologically active compounds or extracts with several compounds. Several seaweed ingredients that are useful in cosmeceuticals are known to be effective alternatives with significant benefits. Many seaweeds\u2019 species demonstrated skin beneficial activities, such as antioxidant, anti-melanogenesis, antiaging, photoprotection, anti-wrinkle, moisturizer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant properties, as well as certain antimicrobial activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities. This review presents applications of bioactive molecules derived from marine algae as a potential substitute for its current applications in the cosmetic industry. The biological activities of carbohydrates, proteins, phenolic compounds and pigments are discussed as safe sources of ingredients for the consumer and cosmetic industry. Himanthalia elongata), OSEA Ocean Cleansing Mudd (Fucus vesiculosus), Biossance Squalane + Probiotic Gel Moisturizer (Chrondrus crispus), Rep\u00eachage Vita Cura B3 Serum Complex (Laminaria digitata), and Ayla Sea Soak (Macrocystis pyrifera). Some other products, such as True Botanicals Clear Pure Radiance Oil, Skinceuticals Daily Moisture, Mario Badescu Seaweed Night Cream, and Dr. Dennis Gross Skincare Hyaluronic Marine Oil-Free Moisture Cushion, etc., also occupy the cosmetic market. In addition, Heo et al. [Cosmeceuticals are defined by cosmetic producers as products to improve or alter the skin functions and appearance, causing skin benefits . The tero et al.  reportedThe chemically diversified nature and unique potential of seaweeds are the reason why they have been the focus of interest for the past few years in various cosmetic applications. Seaweed-based protein, polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and pigment profiles present cosmetic and cosmeceutical potential. This review study gives an overall view of an exploitation of seaweed for cosmetic beneficial activities. Mainly, the role of polysaccharide, protein, phenolic compounds, and pigments in different skin cosmetic beneficial activities are discussed.Fucus vesiculosis extract to reduce the appearance of dark circles on the skin area by enhancing the expression of hemeoxygenase-1. By removing heme catabolites, it eliminates the heme production on skin. Hagino and Saito [Macrocystis pyrifera. They also reported good antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of phlorotannins, which can prevent skin aging.Marine macroalgae produce both primary metabolites, including proteins, amino acids, polysaccharides, fatty acids, etc., and secondary metabolites, such as phenolic compounds, pigments, sterols, vitamins, and other bioactive components ,52,53,54nd Saito  reportednd Saito  identifiPyropia yezoensis had skin beneficial functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, photoaging protection, etc. [Laminaria japonica; it is reported to inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis in UVB-irradiated mice.Additionally, Yu and Gu  reportedon, etc. . In the on, etc. . Moreoveon, etc.  isolatedKappaphycus alvarezii (formerly Eucheuma cottonii) (Rhodophyta), Sargassum polycystum (Phaeophyceae), Padina boryana (formerly Padina tenuis) (Phaeophyceae), Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae), Porphyra umbilicalis (Rhodophyta), etc. Moreover, polysaccharides have a wide variety of applications, such as photoprotection, moisturizer, wound-healing agents, thickening agents, emulsifiers, and preservatives [Fucus vesiculosus into creams and lotion, providing antiaging and anti-wrinkle benefits. They also reported collagenase expression, anti-inflammatory activity, and inhibition of matrix enzymes against hyaluronidase, heparinase, tyrosine kinase, and phospholipase A2. Holtkamp et al. [Gelidium amansii to induced apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro [Laminaria species  and also Macrocystis pyrifera, Ascophyllum nododsum, Ecklonia maxima, Lessonia nigrescens, Ascophyllum nodosum, Durvillea antarctica, and Sargassum sp. [+2 and absence of non-gelling ions Na+.The polysaccharides are the most significant and beneficial compounds present in macroalgae and characterized for their biological skin beneficial activity. Seaweeds are well-known for many different types of a polysaccharides, such as chitin, fucoidans, agar, carrageenan, alginates, ulvans, terpenoids, and tocopherol ,75,76,77rvatives ,88,89,90rvatives ,94,95,96rvatives  explainep et al.  also repp et al.  illustrap et al.  revealedin vitro . Like fuin vitro . It has in vitro . Anotherssum sp. ,103. Podssum sp.  also empssum sp. . Skjak-Bssum sp.  suggesteGelidium sp., Gracilaria sp., Gelidiela sp., Pterocladiella sp., etc., are well-known producers of agar-agar [Ascophyllum sp., Durvillaea sp., Ecklonia sp., Laminaria sp., Macrocystis sp., Saccharina sp., Sargassum sp., and Turbinaria sp.) [Betaphycus gelatinum, Chondrus crispus, Eucheuma denticulatum, Gigartina sp., Kappaphycus alvarezii, Hypnea musciformis, Mastocarpus sp., and Mazzaella sp., from the Rhodophyta. It is used in cosmetology for various applications, such as lotion, sun-ray protectors, medicines, deodorant sticks, sprays, and foams [There are a wide variety of polysaccharides that are useful in skin cosmetics, such as agar, alginic acid, carrageenan, porphyrin, laminarin, fucoidan, and ulvan. Many genera of agrophytes algae, such as gar-agar ,134. Balgar-agar  suggesteria sp.) ,137,138.ria sp.)  and Fabrria sp.)  reportednd foams ,143,144.Porphyra sp. and Bangia sp. [Laminaria sp., Saccharina sp., Ascophyllum sp., Fucus sp., Sargassum sp., and Undaria sp., are well-known for laminaran properties, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, anticoagulant, and anti-cellulite properties [Moreover, porphyrin is a well-studied class of sulfated polysaccharides obtained from the aqueous extract of red algae ngia sp. ,146. It operties ,148,149.operties ,152,153.operties  found thoperties  suggesteoperties ,157. Peroperties , Carvalhoperties , and Gesoperties  suggesteoperties ,162. Yaioperties  describeoperties .Palmaria palmata, Chondrus crispus, Porphyra sp. (Rhodophyta), Undaria pinnatifida (Phaeophyceae), Ulva sp. (Chlorophyta), and Euchema sp. (Rhodophyta) are reported for the quantity of amino acids they contain [Biological macromolecule protein is a polymer of amino acids that is present in all living organisms. It is a basic building block of almost all cellular processes. It may present itself in the form of enzymes, hormones, vitamins, and pigments ,165. Mor contain ,167,168. contain ,170. Acc contain , protein contain ,174,175. contain  reported contain . Further contain .Ulva australis to be a good source of essential amino acids, such as histidine and taurine. whereas Galland-Irmouli et al. [Palmaria palmata and Himanthalia elongata are a high source of serine, alanine, and glutamic acid. Reef et al. [Chondrus crispus, Palmaria palmata, Gelidium sp., Porphyra sp., Gracillaria cornea, Asparagopsis armata, Grateloupia lanceola, and Curdiea sp. Pereira, [Galland-Irmouli et al.  and Samai et al. , Pereirai et al. , and Mari et al.  have shof et al.  and Peref et al.  detectedPereira,  showed rPorphyra rosengurtii\u2013derived mycosporine-like amino acids Porphyra-334 and Shinorine are isolated and found to be very photostable and photoprotective when exposed to radiation [The red alga adiation . These Madiation . This coCorallina pilulifera (Rhodophyta) can inhibit the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Another phenolic compound, sargachromanol E, from Sargassum horneri (Phaeophyceae), expressed its effect on antiaging activity [Phycocalidia vietnamensis (formerly Porphyra vietnamensis) (Rhodophyta), showed UV-absorbing properties [Ecklonia cava-derived compounds, such as phlorotannins, exhibit skin whitening/antityrosinase effect, whereas zeaxanthin from the microalga Nannochloropsis oculata (Ochrophyta and Eustigmatophyceae) extracts showed skin-whitening activity [Sargassum fusiforme (Hijikia fusiformis). Phlorotannins, eckol, Fucols, Fucophorethols, Fuhalols, Phlorethols from Corallina pilulifera  have beneficial cosmetic properties: antiaging, antiphotoaging, antioxidant, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, tyrosinase inhibition, and hyaluronidase inhibition [Ecklonia cava\u2013derived phlorotannins on melanin synthesis and protective effects on UV damage.Marine macroalgae are richer in various phenolic compounds, such as catechins, flavonols, flavonolglycosides, phloroglucinol, gallic acid, epicatechin, pyrocatechol, gallate, flavonoids, anthocyanins, stilbenes, lignans, and phenolic polymers ,207. Theactivity . Porphyroperties . Catechioperties ,213. Moractivity . The benactivity  and Bravactivity  identifiactivity ,218. Feractivity  and Sanjactivity  reportedactivity  studied hibition ,224,225.hibition . Likewishibition  and Wanghibition  revealedArthrospira species (Cyanobacteria) and Chlorella valgaris (Chlorophyta) [Macroalgae is cultivated in a controlled condition to regulate the production of bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, pigments, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals . These arophyta) ,262. Marrophyta) ,264. As rophyta) ,270,271.rophyta) ,275,276.rophyta) , Quilodrrophyta) , and Amorophyta) , algae srophyta)  evaluaterophyta)  and La-Mrophyta)  suggesterophyta) ,284.Carotenoids are widely applicable as natural dyes and antioxidants with antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and radical sequestering benefits ,286,287.Cosmetic researchers have focused their attention on marine organisms as an additional source of novel and useful natural ingredients. Diversified marine-algae-derived secondary metabolites are structurally more complex, with unique functionalities and properties. This review surveyed the potential applications of marine-algae-derived compounds for various skin benefits in the cosmetic industry. Though many seaweeds are exploited for their cosmetic properties, the research work on them is still incomplete, and so many species, either in full or in part, have not been explored. Hence, the cost-effective and efficient alternative standardized method to extract the bioactive phyco-constituents with significant productivity and activity is in growing demand. In future perspectives, the responsible molecular mechanism and safety concerns of these compounds are very important for future challenges in cosmeceuticals. Therefore, further investigations to study the precise molecular basis for the beneficial activity of marine algal components should be undertaken. Recently, in silico tools and techniques have been used to select functional materials derived from natural resources quickly and to predict the mechanisms of actions. Thus, this approach will be a helpful strategy for finding and understanding more effective compounds with the novel property.The overexposure of human skin to different environmental stresses, such as pollutants and sun radiation, as well as chemical cosmeceutical ingredients\u2014it increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)\u2014leads to many skin-damaging problems, such as aging, dullness, carcinogenesis, wrinkles, age spots, dark circles, etc. Marine-algae-based bioactive purified compounds demonstrated highly significant beneficiary applications in cosmetic formulas, as multiple functions, where they can be natural active constituents to the synthetic ingredients. Under different environmental factors, marine algae have the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites for their survival. These biologically active constituents can be used as an active ingredient in the cosmetic industries due to their various skin benefits. It could be used as an antioxidant, antimicrobials, antibacterial, whitening agent, antiaging, anti-wrinkle, anti-acne, moisturizing, UV protection, deodorizing, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, sensory enhancer, viscosifying, stabilizer, and also for thickening in cosmetic industries. Sustainable use of marine algae and marine-algae-based molecules is crucial for humankind. Moreover, there are many cosmeceutical industries that already use extracts of marine algae and compounds in the formulation of many products. However, the monitoring of its biochemical profile presents a problem that needs to overcome. This can be solved by the development of seaweed cultivation and green extraction methods that are being analyzed with promising research results. However, many cosmetic companies\u2019 collaboration at the national and international level can improve the analytical methods of its screening for safety, thus enhancing consumer\u2019s safety towards marine-algae-based bioactive compounds in the cosmetic products. All mentioned marine algae in this review, possessing various bioactivities, are considered and utilized as a natural inexhaustible source for different cosmeceutical benefits."}
+{"text": "Ji JL, Helmer M, Fonteneau C, Burt JB, Tamayo Z, Dem\u0161ar J, Adkinson BD, Savi\u0107 A, Preller KH, Moujaes F, Vollenweider FX, Martin WJ, Repov\u0161 G, Murray JD, Anticevic A. 2021. Mapping brain-behavior space relationships along the psychosis spectrum. A supplemental analysis in the final paper involved an independent replication dataset. This replication dataset describes a sub-sample of patients diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia which was collected as part of a larger project in collaboration with Dr. Chris Pittenger. In addition, Dr. Youngsun T. Cho played a key role in coordinating the data collection and management of this project. We are therefore formally correcting the eLife paper to include both Dr. Pittenger and Dr. Cho as co-authors on this paper. Both have reviewed the manuscript and support the conclusions, and agree to be responsible for all parts of the paper in its published form.The details of Dr. Pittenger and Dr. Cho\u2019s contributions are explained below:Dr. Pittenger and Dr. Cho provided key support in the data acquisition and coordination of the project from which the independent replication dataset was obtained. This replication dataset involved a subsample of data with OCD and schizophrenia that were collected as part of a larger study in collaboration with Dr. Pittenger. Dr. Cho was also integral for the project management of this study. Both Dr. Pittenger and Dr. Cho have reviewed the manuscript and its conclusions.New authors list:Jie Lisa Ji, Markus Helmer, Clara Fonteneau, Joshua B Burt, Zailyn Tamayo, Jure Dem\u0161ar, Brendan D Adkinson, Aleksandar Savi\u0107, Katrin H Preller, Flora Moujaes, Franz X Vollenweider, William J Martin, Grega Repov\u0161, Youngsun T. Cho, Christopher Pittenger, John D Murray, Alan AnticevicOriginal authors list:Jie Lisa Ji, Markus Helmer, Clara Fonteneau, Joshua B Burt, Zailyn Tamayo, Jure Dem\u0161ar, Brendan D Adkinson, Aleksandar Savi\u0107, Katrin H Preller, Flora Moujaes, Franz X Vollenweider, William J Martin, Grega Repov\u0161, John D Murray, Alan AnticevicDetails for the omitted authors:Youngsun T. ChoDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.Contribution: Conceptualization, Resources, Data curation, Supervision, Funding acquisition, Investigation, MethodologyCompeting Interests: YC declares no competing interests.Christopher PittengerDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.Contribution: Conceptualization, Resources, Data curation, Supervision, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology CP has consulted in the past 3 years to Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, Lundbeck Parmaceuticals, Ceruvia Therapeutics, Transcend Therapetics, Freedom Biosciences, Teva Pharmaceuticals and Brainsway Therapeutics and receives research funding from Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, the Usona Institute, and Transcend Pharmaceuticals. [1] None of these sources of support are related to the present work. CP is an inventor on two pending patent applications, 16/304,925 and 63/074,275, neither of which is relevant to the current work.The article has been corrected accordingly."}
+{"text": "Heaney\u201d as per the corrected author list below:Yoshiyuki Yazaki, Kenichi Aizawa, Muhammad Zubair Israr, Keita Negishi, Andrea Salzano, Yuka Saitoh, Natsuka Kimura, Ken Kono, Liam M. Heaney, Shabana Cassambai, Dennis Bernieh, Florence Lai, Yasushi Imai, Kazuomi Kario, Ryozo Nagai, Leong L. Ng, Toru Suzuki."}
+{"text": "ICU universal decolonization with daily chlorhexidine (CHG) baths plus mupirocin nasal decolonization reduces all-cause bloodstream infections (BSI) and MRSA clinical cultures. We assessed nasal iodophor, an antiseptic less susceptible to resistance, in place of mupirocin. Mupirocin-CHG: daily CHG baths and 5 days of twice daily nasal mupirocin, to 2) Iodophor-CHG: same regimen, substituting twice daily 10% povidone-iodine for mupirocin. All adult ICUs in a hospital were assigned to the same strategy. We compared each hospital\u2019s outcomes during the 18-month intervention (Nov 2017-Apr 2019) to its own baseline (May 2015-Apr 2017), during which all hospitals used mupirocin-CHG. The primary outcome was ICU-attributable S. aureus clinical isolates. Secondary outcomes included ICU-attributable MRSA clinical isolates and all-cause BSI. As randomized and as treated analyses used unadjusted proportional hazards models assessing differences in outcomes between baseline and intervention periods across the two groups, accounting for clustering by hospital and patient. We conducted a cluster randomized non-inferiority trial in ICUs, comparing universal decolonization with: 1) S. aureus clinical cultures  and for MRSA clinical cultures . The regimens had similar BSI hazards. Analyses of fully adherent patients are in progress.We randomized 137 hospitals with 233 ICUs in 18 states. There were 442,544 admissions in the baseline period and 349,262 in the intervention period. Median ICU length of stay was 4 days. ICU types included mixed medical surgical (56%), medical (9%), surgical (11%), cardiac (15%), and neurologic (9%). CHG adherence was similar in both arms (85%), but adherence was greater for mupirocin (90%) than iodophor (82%). Primary as-randomized results  exceeded the non-inferiority margin in favor of mupirocin, for Figure - Primary and Secondary Outcomes of Mupirocin Iodophor Swap Out TrialS. aureus and MRSA clinical isolates, potentially due to greater adherence to mupirocin. Universal iodophor-CHG was equivalent to mupirocin-CHG for ICU BSI prevention. Mupirocin-CHG was superior to iodophor-CHG for Susan S. Huang, MD, MPH, Medline Molnlycke Stryker (Sage) Xttrium  Edward Septimus, MD, Medline Molnlycke  Ken Kleinman, PhD, Medline Molnlycke  Lauren Heim, MPH, Medline Molnlycke Stryker (Sage) Xttrium  Julia Moody, MS, Medline Molnlycke  Taliser R. Avery, MS, Medline Molnlycke  Syma Rashid, MD, Medline Stryker (Sage) Xttrium  Katherine Haffenreffer, BS, Medline Molnlycke  Lauren Shimelman, BA, Medline Molnlycke  Caren Spencer-Smith, MS, Medline Molnlycke  Selsebil Sljivo, MPH, Medline  Ed Rosen, BS, Medline  Russell Poland, PhD, Medline  Micaela H. Coady, MS, Medline Molnlycke  Eunice J. Blanchard, MSN RN, Medline  Kimberly Reddish, DNP, Medline  Brandon Carver, BA, Medline  Kimberly N. Smith, MBA, Medline  Jason Hickok, MBA, Medline Molnlycke  Karen Lolans, BS, Medline (Research Grant or Support) Nadia Khan, BS, Medline (Research Grant or Support) John A. Jernigan, MD, MS, Nothing to disclose Kenneth Sands, MD, MPH, Medline  Jonathan B. Perlin, MD, PhD, Medline Molnlycke  Richard Platt, MD, MSc, Medline Molnlycke"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-022-06498-9, published online 16 February 2022Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Jiri Jungwirth, Marketa Urbanova, Arnoud Boot, Petr Hosek, Petra Bendova, Anna Siskova, Jiri Svec, Milan Kment, Daniela Tumova, Sandra Summerova, Zdenek Benes, Tomas Buchler, Pavel Kohout, Tomas Hucl, Radoslav Matej, Ludmila Vodickova, Tom van Wezel, Pavel Vodicka & Veronika Vymetalkova which were incorrectly given as Jungwirth Jiri, Urbanova Marketa, Boot Arnoud, Hosek Petr, Bendova Petra, Siskova Anna, Svec Jiri, Kment Milan, Tumova Daniela, Summerova Sandra, Benes Zdenek, Buchler Tomas, Kohout Pavel, Hucl Tomas, Matej Radoslav, Vodickova Ludmila, van Wezel Tom, Vodicka Pavel & Vymetalkova Veronika respectively.The original Article has been corrected."}
+{"text": "Leukemia; 10.1038/s41375-021-01295-1Correction to: The article Genomic analysis of cellular hierarchy in acute myeloid leukemia using ultrasensitive LC-FACSeq, written by Caner Saygin, Eileen Hu, Pu Zhang, Steven Sher, Arletta Lozanski, Tzyy-Jye Doong, Deedra Nicolet, Shelley Orwick, Jadwiga Labanowska, Jordan N. Skinner, Casey Cempre, Tierney Kauffman, Virginia M. Goettl, Nyla A. Heerema, Lynne Abruzzo, Cecelia Miller, Rosa Lapalombella, Gregory Behbehani, Alice S. Mims, Karilyn Larkin, Nicole Grieselhuber, Alison Walker, Bhavana Bhatnagar, Clara D. Bloomfield, John C. Byrd, Gerard Lozanski & James S. Blachly, was originally published electronically on the publisher\u2019s internet portal on 21 May 2021 without open access. With the author(s)\u2019 decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 16 August 2021 to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2021 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution."}
+{"text": "The authors noticed that content of \u201cConflicts of Interest\u201d in the original version  was missIt should be changed from \u201cConflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.\u201d to \u201cConflicts of Interest: Nadia Hindi reports grants, personal fees and non-financial support from PharmaMar, personal fees from Eli Lilly, grants from Eisai, and Novartis, outside the submitted work and research funding for clinical studies  from PharmaMar, Eli Lilly and Company, AROG, Bayer, Eisai, Lixte, Karyopharm, Deciphera, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Blueprint, Nektar, Forma, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer and Daichii-Sankyo. Irene Carrasco Garc\u00eda, Alberto S\u00e1nchez-Camacho, Johanna Benedetti, Pilar Sancho, and Paloma Santos declare research funding for clinical studies  from PharmaMar, Eli Lilly and Company, AROG, Bayer, Eisai, Lixte, Karyopharm, Deciphera, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Blueprint, Nektar, Forma, Amgen, and Daichii\u2013Sankyo. Paloma Sanchez-Bustos and David S. Moura report institutional research grants from PharmaMar, Eisai, Immix BioPharma, and Novartis outside the submitted work; travel support from PharmaMar, Eisai, Celgene, Bayer, and Pfizer. Javier Martin-Broto reports research grants from PharmaMar, Eisai, Immix BioPharma, and Novartis outside the submitted work; honoraria for advisory board participation and expert testimony from PharmaMar, Eli Lilly, and Company, Bayer, and Eisai; and research funding for clinical studies  from PharmaMar, Eli Lilly, and Company, AROG, Bayer, Eisai, Lixte, Karyopharm, Deciphera, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Blueprint, Nektar, Forma, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, and Daichii-Sankyo. All the other authors report no conflicts of interest.\u201dWe apologize for this error and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88018-9, published online 30 April 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the Affiliations.Affiliation 8 was a duplicate of affiliation 5. The correct affiliation 8 is listed below.Laboratory for Advanced Genomics Circuit, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.Consequently, affiliation 8 was removed from authors Yosuke Ito and Hideya Kawaji.In addition, Masayoshi Itoh was incorrectly affiliated with \u2018Laboratory for Comprehensive Genomic Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.\u2019The correct affiliations are listed below:RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Yokohama, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.Laboratory for Advanced Genomics Circuit, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.The original Article and accompanying Supplementary Information files have been corrected."}
+{"text": "PLoS Computational Biology, vol 2, issue 3:  10.1371/journal.pcbi.0020021In Contributing author Blake Meyers' name and institution should appear:Blake C. Meyers, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, Newark, Delaware, United States of America"}
+{"text": "PLoS Medicine, volume 3, issue 9: doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030346In The competing interests statement was incomplete and should have read: \u201cJean-Louis Vincent is the current chairman of the International Sepsis Forum, and a member of the steering committee of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign. His personal views do not necessarily reflect those of the other members of these committees. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign has received funding from Eli Lilly, Baxter, and Edwards. The International Sepsis Forum is currently sponsored by bioM\u00e9rieux, Biosite, Brahms Diagnostics, EBI, Eli Lilly Corporation, Eisai Global Clinical Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Novo Nordisk, Roche Diagnostics, Spectral Diagnostics, Takeda, and Toray. The author declares that he has received grants and/or honorariums from AstraZeneca, Baxter, bioM\u00e9rieux, Biosite, Brahms Diagnostics, Edwards LifeSciences, Eli Lilly Corporation, Eisai Global Clinical Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Novo Nordisk, Spectral Diagnostics, Takeda, Toray, and Wyeth.\u201d"}
+{"text": "The Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) Study is examining the effects of long-term fibrate therapy on coronary heart disease (CHD) event rates in patients with diabetes mellitus. This article describes the trial's run-in phase and patients' baseline characteristics.FIELD is a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 63 centres in 3 countries evaluating the effects of fenofibrate versus placebo on CHD morbidity and mortality in 9795 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients were to have no indication for lipid-lowering therapy on randomization, but could start these or other drugs at any time after randomization. Follow-up in the study was to be for a median duration of not less than 5 years and until 500 major coronary events  had occurred.About 2100 patients (22%) had some manifestation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline and thus high risk status. Less than 25% of patients without CVD had a (UKPDS determined) calculated 5-year CHD risk of <5%, but nearly all had a 5-year stroke risk of <10%. Despite this, half of the cohort were obese (BMI > 30), most were men, two-thirds were aged over 60 years, and substantial proportions had NCEP ATP III features of the metabolic syndrome independent of their diabetes, including low HDL (60%), high blood pressure measurement or treatment for hypertension (84%), high waist measurement (68%), and raised triglycerides (52%).After a 6-week run-in period before randomisation with all participants receiving 200 mg comicronized fenofibrate, there were declines in total and LDL cholesterol (10%) and triglycerides (26%) and an increase in HDL cholesterol (6.5%).The study will show the effect of PPAR-alpha agonist action on CHD and other vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes including substantial numbers with low to moderate CVD risk but with the various components of the metabolic syndrome. The main results of the study will be reported in late 2005. The cardiovascular benefits of long-term treatment using HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been conclusively shown in several studies (summarized in ) of peopIf PPAR alpha agonists (and other modulators of the PPAR axis) are to assume a role as mainstream agents for reducing the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, adequately powered placebo-controlled trials, similar to the statin trials, are needed. They should include patients with diabetes of both sexes across a wide range of age and absolute cardiovascular risk.The Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) Study is a 3-country , 63-centre, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial evaluating the effects of fenofibrate compared with placebo on coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in 9795 patients with type 2 diabetes . The stuThe design of the FIELD study has been described in detail elsewhere . The stuPatients were recruited from 63 centres in Australia, New Zealand and Finland. Those with and without known vascular disease were eligible for participation provided that, at randomization, the usual physician considered that there was no current indication for lipid-modifying treatment. This meant that some patients meeting the FIELD eligibility criteria for lipid levels were instead treated by their usual doctors once they became aware of the patients' lipid profile at screening; therefore, such patients were not randomized and were not included in the study. Patients with or without lipid abnormalities, such as low HDL cholesterol or elevated triglycerides, were eligible if the total blood cholesterol level at screening fell between 3.0 and 6.5 mmol/L (about 115\u2013250 mg/dL) and either the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio was 4.0 or higher, or the triglyceride level was over 1.0 mmol/L. Patients were excluded if they had triglyceride levels over 5.0 mmol/L. Lipid entry criteria were consistent with recruiting people who would not qualify for fully subsidised lipid-modifying treatment under the government guidelines in all 3 countries. Participants could not be taking any lipid-modifying therapy at the start of the dietary run-in period. However, the protocol allows for statin or other lipid-lowering therapy to be added at any time after randomization and recommends continuing study medication. The study is thus evaluating the role of fenofibrate on a background of usual care and will provide safety data on fibrate therapy in combination with other lipid-lowering treatments. A prespecified analysis will explore the effects of fenofibrate separately among those patients taking other lipid-lowering agents during follow-up and those taking study treatment alone. Intention-to-treat methods of analysis will result in conservative estimates of any effects of fenofibrate in the event that drop-ins to statin treatment are more frequent in the placebo-treated group. Confounding with respect to other drug use should be prevented by the randomization process, which will result in good balance across the treatment groups.Patients known to have type 2 diabetes  were invited to attend a special clinic. After clinical screening of patients for eligibility and obtaining informed consent, blood was taken for biochemical measurements of fasting glucose, lipids, apolipoproteins, fibrinogen, HbA1c, insulin, renal and liver biochemistry, and homocysteine, and urine was collected for albumin-to-creatinine ratio. The LDL cholesterol level was calculated from the Friedewald formula . BiochemAfter the 16-week run-in procedures had been completed, a further blood sample was taken at the time of randomization (week 0) to determine the short-term effects of the comicronized fenofibrate on total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and fibrinogen. At this visit, patients were randomized, by a stratified adaptive randomization scheme, to receive either fenofibrate (200 mg comicronized formulation) or matching long-term placebo as one capsule daily with breakfast [All patients were then followed up through regular visits to a special clinic set in place for the purposes of the study in addition to routine care provided through the family doctor and usual diabetes clinics.7 For a primary outcome of CHD events , it is projected that approximately 500 CHD events will have occurred when a median of 5 years of follow-up has elapsed (during the first quarter of 2005); this represents an event rate of approximately 1% per annum. By this time the trial will have 80% power to detect an observed 22% reduction in CHD events . This will also provide 90% power to detect a 25% relative reduction in CHD events . These calculations assumed an average drop-out rate from active treatment of 10% over the course of the study but allowed for a larger drop-in rate from placebo to open-cholesterol treatment of 17%* by the mid-point of the trial and 32% by study close, in view of the possible increased uptake of statin therapy after the Heart Protection Study.Therefore, follow-up in the study, as stipulated in the protocol, was to be for a median duration of not less than 5 years and until 500 major coronary events had occurred, unless the study was terminated prematurely on the recommendation of the independent Safety and Data Monitoring Committee.Of the 13 900 patients screened in study clinics, 75.9% (10 553) proceeded to enter the placebo run-in phase and 73.4% (10 203) the active run-in phase, and ultimately 9795 (70.5%) patients were randomized . The median periods from diabetes diagnosis to randomization were 5, 7 and 5 years, respectively. The patients recruited were a mix from hospital and the community, and therefore were diverse in absolute risk. The 7664 participants who had no history of cardiovascular disease were at lower risk on the basis of interim determination using the modified Framingham equation of the UKPDS Risk Engine  and the Bezafibrate Infarct Prevention (BIP) trial enrolled subjects with and without diabetes mellitus. Both studies were limited to people with prior myocardial infarction and reported reductions in major cardiovascular events among participants with low HDL and high triglycerides at baseline, which were greater than with use of the same fibrate among those without dyslipidemia ,25. The The identification of the PPAR transcription factor as the primary pathway through which fibrate and glitazone-agonist actions are triggered  has stimThese baseline data of the FIELD study cohort without known prior cardiovascular disease show that over half such patients had a (UKPDS-determined) calculated 5-year coronary heart disease risk of less than 10% and nearly all patients had a stroke risk of less than 10% over 5 years. Part of the reason for this low-risk status may be that the duration of diabetes was only 5 years, on average, and reflecting this short duration, the median HbA1c was 6.9% for the entire cohort and the proportion of patients using no diabetes glucoregulatory therapy was just over a quarter. This probably reflects the recruitment process, in that many community-based subjects chose to enter the study in response to information provided by newsletters sent through Diabetes Australia, the Finnish Diabetes Society, the New Zealand Society for the Study of Diabetes and a New Zealand national diabetes consumer database.Nonetheless, the cohort still had a profile with many characteristics of high cardiovascular risk. Half of the patients were obese (BMI > 30), most were male, two-thirds were over the age of 60 years, and substantial proportions had NCEP ATP III features of the metabolic syndrome additional to their diabetes mellitus, including low HDL cholesterol, either high blood pressure measurement and/or treatment for hypertension, high waist measurement and raised triglyceride. Over 2100 (22%) had established cardiovascular disease, and 39% of those without known cardiovascular disease had a projected 5-year absolute risk of a coronary event higher than 10%.Evaluation of the effect of comicronized fenofibrate over 6 weeks immediately before randomization was included in the protocol. The purpose of this was to measure the effect of the agent in the entire cohort. After 6 weeks there were major reductions in triglycerides, lesser decreases in LDL cholesterol, and rises in HDL cholesterol. Creatinine levels rose while fibrinogen fell, several of the effects that have been observed elsewhere and with other fibrate agents ,29.Approximately 140 million adults were estimated to have diabetes mellitus in 1997; it is the most common endocrine disorder worldwide. Projections put diabetes prevalence by 2010 at 221 million, about 60 percent higher. Just as many people again have an elevated fasting glucose level, or impaired fasting glucose, which can progress rapidly to diabetes . WithoutOf the Management Committee of the FIELD Study:PB, YAK and RS have received reimbursements, fees, funding, or salary in the past five years from an organization that may in any way gain or lose financially from the publication of this paper;No authors hold or have held stocks or shares in such an organization;No authors have other financial competing interests;AK has the following nonfinancial competing interest: Advisory board membership.The Writing Committee are the authors responsible for this article.R Scott, J Best, P Forder, M-R Taskinen, J Simes, P Barter, A KeechP Barter*, J Best*, P Colman, M d'Emden, T Davis, P Drury, C Ehnholm, P Glasziou, D Hunt, A Keech* , YA Kesaniemi, M Laakso, R Scott*, RJ Simes*, D Sullivan, M-R Taskinen*, M Whiting; J-C Ansquer, B Fraitag (non-voting sponsor representatives). * Executive Committee membersN Anderson, G Hankey, D Hunt (chairman), S Lehto, S Mann, M Romo; LP Li ,C Hennekens, S MacMahon (chairman), S Pocock, A Tonkin, L Wilhelmsen; P Forder .Australia: H Akauola, F Alford, P Barter, I Beinart, J Best, S Bohra, S Boyages, P Colman, H Connor, D Darnell, T Davis, P Davoren, F Lepre, F De Looze, M d'Emden, A Duffield, R Fassett, J Flack, G Fulcher, S Grant, S Hamwood, D Harmelin, R Jackson, W Jeffries, M Kamp, L Kritharides, L Mahar, V McCann, D McIntyre, R Moses, H Newnham, G Nicholson, R O'Brien, K Park, N Petrovsky, P Phillips, G Pinn, D Simmons, K Stanton, B Stuckey, D R Sullivan, M Suranyi, M Suthers, Y Tan, M Templer, D Topliss, J H Waites, G Watts, T Welborn, R Wyndham; Finland: H Haapamaki, A Kesaniemi, M Laakso, J Lahtela, H Levanen, J Saltevo, H Sodervik, M Taskinen, M Vanhala; New Zealand: J Baker, A Burton, P Dixon, J Doran, P Drury, P Dunn, N Graham, A Hamer, J Hedley, J Lloyd, P Manning, I McPherson, S Morris, C Renner, R Scott, R Smith, M Wackrow, S Young.Australia: F Alard, J Alcoe, F Alford, C Allan, J Amerena, R Anderson, N Arnold, T Arsov, D Ashby, C Atkinson, L Badhni, M Balme, D Barton, B Batrouney, C Beare, T Beattie, J Beggs, C Bendall, C Bendall, A Benz, A Bond, R Bradfield, J Bradshaw, S Brearley, D Bruce, J Burgess, J Butler, M Callary, J Campbell, K Chambers, J Chow, S Chow, K Ciszek, P Clifton, P Clifton-Bligh, V Clowes, P Coates, C Cocks, S Cole, D Colquhoun, M Correcha, B Costa, S Coverdale, M Croft, J Crowe, S Dal Sasso, W Davis, J Dunn, S Edwards, R Elder, S El-Kaissi, L Emery, M England, O Farouque, M Fernandez, B Fitzpatrick, N Francis, P Freeman, A Fuller, D Gale, V Gaylard, C Gillzan, C Glatthaar, J Goddard, V Grange, T Greenaway, J Griffin, A Grogan, S Guha, J Gustafson, P S Hamblin, T Hannay, C Hardie, A Harper, G Hartl, A Harvey, S Havlin, K Haworth, P Hay, L Hay, B Heenan, R Hesketh, A Heyworth, M Hines, G Hockings, A Hodge, L Hoffman, L Hoskin, M Howells, D Hunt, A Hunt, W Inder, W Inder, D Jackson, A Jovanovska, K Kearins, P Kee, J Keen, D Kilpatrick, J Kindellan, M Kingston-Ray, M Kotowicz, A Lassig, M Layton, S Lean, E Lim, F Long, L Lucas, D Ludeman, D Ludeman, C Ludeman-Robertson, M Lyall, L Lynch, C Maddison, B Malkus, A Marangou, F Margrie, K Matthiesson, J Matthiesson, S Maxwell, K McCarthy, A McElduff, H McKee, J McKenzie, K McLachan, P McNair, M Meischke, A Merkel, C Miller, B Morrison, A Morton, W Mossman, A Mowat, J Muecke, P Murie, S Murray, P Nadorp, S Nair, J Nairn, A Nankervis, K Narayan, N Nattrass, J Ngui, S Nicholls, V Nicholls, JA Nye, E Nye, D O'Neal, M O'Neill, S O'Rourke, J Pearse, C Pearson, J Phillips, L Pittis, D Playford, L Porter, L Porter, R Portley, M Powell, C Preston, S Pringle, W A Quinn, J Raffaele, G Ramnath, J Ramsden, D Richtsteiger, S Roffe, S Rosen, G Ross, Z Ross, J Rowe, D Rumble, S Ryan, J Sansom, C Seymour, E Shanahan, S Shelly, J Shepherd, G Sherman, R Siddall, D Silva, S Simmons, R Simpson, A Sinha, R Slobodniuk, M Smith, P Smith, S Smith, V Smith-Orr, J Snow, L Socha, T Stack, K Steed, K Steele, J Stephensen, P Stevens, G Stewart, R Stewart, C Strakosch, M Sullivan, S Sunder, J Sunderland, E Tapp, J Taylor, D Thorn, D Thorn, A Tolley, D Torpy, G Truran, F Turner, J Turner, J van de Velde, S Varley, J Wallace, J Walsh, J Walsh, J Walshe, G Ward, B Watson, J Watson, A Webb, F Werner, E White, A Whitehouse, N Whitehouse, S Wigg, J Wilkinson, E Wilmshurst, D Wilson, G Wittert, B Wong, M Wong, S Worboys, S Wright, S Wu, J Yarker, M Yeo, K Young, J Youssef, R Yuen, H Zeimer, R W Ziffer; Finland: A Aura, A Friman, J Hanninen, J Henell, N Hyvarinen, M Ikonen, A Itkonen, J Jappinen, A Jarva, T Jerkkola, V Jokinen, J Juutilainen, H Kahkonen, T Kangas, M Karttunen, P Kauranen, S Kortelainen, H Koukkunen, L Kumpulainen, T Laitinen, M Laitinen, S Lehto, R Lehto, E Leinonen, M Lindstron-Karjalainen, A Lumiaho, J Makela, K Makinen, L Mannermaa, T Mard, J Miettinen, V Naatti, S Paavola, N Parssinen, J Ripatti, S Ruotsalainen, A Salo, M Siiskonen, A Soppela, J Starck, I Suonranta, L Ukkola, K Valli, J Virolainen; New Zealand: P Allan, W Arnold, W Bagg, K Balfour, T Ball, B Ballantine, C Ballantyne, C Barker, C Barker, F Bartley, E Berry, G Braatvedt, A Campbell, T Clarke, R Clarke, A Claydon, S Clayton, P Cresswell, R Cutfield, J Daffurn, J Delahunt, A Dissnayake, C Eagleton, C Ferguson, C Florkowski, D Fry, P Giles, M Gluyas, C Grant, P Guile, M Guolo, P Hale, M Hammond, M Hammond, P Healy, M Hills, J Hinge, J Holland, B Hyne, A Ireland, A Johnstone, S Jones, G Kerr, K Kerr, M Khant, J Krebs, L Law, B Lydon, K MacAuley, R McEwan, P McGregor, B McLaren, L McLeod, J Medforth, R Miskimmin, J Moffat, M Pickup, C Prentice, M Rahman, E Reda, C Ross, A Ryalls, D Schmid, N Shergill, A Snaddon, H Snell, L Stevens, A Waterman, V Watts.NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Sydney: K Jayne, E Keirnan, P Newman, G Ritchie, A Rosenfeld (project directors), E Beller, P Forder, V Gebski, A Pillai (study statisticians), C Anderson, S Blakesmith, S-Y Chan, S Czyniewski, A Dobbie, S Doshi, A Dupuy, S Eckermann, M Edwards, N Fields, K Flood, S Ford, C French, S Gillies, C Greig, M Groshens, J Gu, Y Guo, W Hague, S Healy, L Hones, Z Hossain, M Howlett, J Lee, L-P Li, T Matthews, J Micallef, A Martin, I Minns, A Nguyen, F Papuni, A Patel, J Pearse, R Pike, M Pena, K Pinto, D Schipp, J Schroeder, B Sim, C Sodhi, T Sourjina, C Sutton, R Taylor, P Vlagsma, S Walder, R Walker, W Wong, J Zhang, B Zhong, A Keech (deputy director), RJ Simes (director); Helsinki Project Office: A Kokkonen, P Narva, E-L Niemi, A Salo, A-M Syrjanen, M-R Taskinen (director); Christchurch Project Office: C Lintott, R Scott (director).Adelaide: R Tirimacco, M Whiting; Helsinki: C Ehnholm, M Ikonen, M Kajosaari, L Raman, J Sundvall, M Tukianen.Laboratoires Fournier SA liaison: Dijon: J-C Ansquer, B Fraitag, D Crimet, I Sirugue, Sydney: P Aubonnet."}
+{"text": "Warning - this is an unedited draft, which will be replaced by a final version mid of October [will be posted at this URL].Following a meeting convened to discuss the EU-funded MedCERTAIN project on improving information quality on the Internet, a broad group of individuals from 4 continents and 21 countries, drawn from a wide range of sectors including industry, leading Web sites, governmental and intergovernmental bodies, academia, consumer organisations, standards and ethical code bodies and publishers agree that:1. Despite the enormous value for the public, patients and professionals of the health and medical Internet, the participants are concerned about its potential for harm. However, it is also important not to limit freedom of expression and use of the internet for health related purposes.2. The participants wish to explore in an ongoing collaborative effort opportunities for helping people, patients and professionals to identify health information useful to them, addressing certain key issues, including:What is an appropriate way to describe the characteristics of the full range of Internet health and medical sites ?How can the descriptions be summarised as metadata for different purposes and users of health information ?How do the identity, training and other factors  influence the description and summary ?Can criteria be developed to indicate quality for different users and purposes ?How can the potential of information and communications technology, such as the MedCERTAIN project, be harnessed in a consistent and cost-effective way ?What are the legal and other implications of trustmarks and other devices or mechanisms to denote quality ?How to establish and motivate a worldwide, representative network of evaluators?What are the areas of potential overlap with other initiatives and organisations?3. The participants resolve to work together, building on experience and expertise of this group, key quality improvement initiatives such as Discern, eHealth ethics code, HONcode, Hi-Ethics code, OMNI and others, and working towards a methodological clarification and resolution of the above and other related issues in the near future, providing constructive support to the MedCERTAIN and other projects and continuing to build together trust on the health Internet.Participants:Lucas M. Bachmann , Carl R. Blesius , Markus Blume , Carl J. Brandt , Dan Brickley , Alejandro Cacherosky , Ken Campell , Richard Cleland , Phil Cross , Elenice de Castro , Guy de Roy , Tony Delamothe , Martin D. Denz , Persephone Doupi , Joan Dzenowagis , Christer Edling , Gunther Eysenbach , Gerard Freriks , Franz Fr\u00fchwald , Lisa Gray , Pelle Gustafsson , Gerhard Heine , Katrin H\u00f6rner , Robert Hsiung , Jostein Ingulfsen , Thomas Isenberg , Edward Jacob , Alex R. Jadad , Jacobo Kelber , Hugo Kitzinger , Inge Kokot , Hans-Joachim Koubenec , Michel Labrecque , Kristian Lampe , Stephane Lejeune , Leonard B. Lerer , Odile Leroy , Nicolas Lienert , P\u00e5l Lindstr\u00f6m , S\u00e1ndor Lipp , Leena Lodenius , Antti Malmivaara , Miquel Angela Mayer Pujadas , Peter Mills , Cesar Molinero , Marc Muret , Wolfgang Nagel , Tim Nater , Joerg Nitzsche , Debra O\u00b4Connor , Gert Purkert , Ramon Sarrias Ramis , Christine Reuter , Ahmad Risk , Carl B\u00e9n\u00e9dict Roth , Sebastian Schmid , Christiane Schmitz , Luk Schoonbaert , Frank Schuler , Ulrich Schwanke , Sasha Shepperd , Myra Sidrassi , Chris Sigouin , Chris Silagy , Denise Silber , Martin Sonderegger , Anke Steckelberg , Frederik Tautz , Nicolas P. Terry , Christian Thomeczek , Wouter Tukker, , Gerard H. van der Zanden , Georg von Below , Frank von Danwitz , C.-Peter Waegemann , Thomas Wetter , Petra Wilson, , Margaret A. Winker , Jeremy Wyatt , Gabriel Yihune"}
+{"text": "PLoS Biology, volume 4, issue 11: DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040348In The author contributions were listed incorrectly. The correct author contributions are as follows: BAH conceived and designed the experiments. MS, ML, JNN, LGF, CMC, and BAH performed the experiments and analyzed the data. MS, LGF, JNN, and BAH wrote the paper."}
+{"text": "Fibrates correct the typical lipid abnormalities of type 2 diabetes mellitus, yet no study, to date, has specifically set out to evaluate the role of fibrate therapy in preventing cardiovascular events in this setting.Subjects with type 2 diabetes, aged 50\u201375 years, were screened for eligibility to participate in a long-term trial of comicronized fenofibrate 200 mg daily compared with matching placebo to assess benefits of treatment on the occurrence of coronary and other vascular events. People with total cholesterol levels 3.0\u20136.5 mmol/L plus either a total-to-HDLc ratio >4.0 or triglyceride level >1.0 mmol/L with no clear indication for lipid-modifying therapy were eligible.P = 0.05 a 22% reduction in such events, using intention-to-treat methods.A total of 9795 people were randomized into the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) trial. All received dietary advice, followed by a 6-week single-blind placebo run-in, then a 6-week active run-in period before randomization. Participants are being followed up every 6 months for outcome events and safety assessments. The study is designed to yield at least 500 coronary events  over 5 years, to have 80% power to identify as statistically significant at 2Type 2 diabetes is the most common endocrine disorder worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing. The current evidence about use of fibrates in type 2 diabetes, from around 2000 people treated, will increase with FIELD to evidence from around 12000. FIELD will establish the role of fenofibrate treatment in reducing cardiovascular risk in people with type 2 diabetes. The main results are expected to be available in late 2005. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an increasingly common condition associated with a high cardiovascular risk. To date, very few trials of lipid-lowering therapy have focused on this condition, and in particular, no large trials of fibrate therapy in diabetes have been conducted. As fibrates are known to correct the typical dyslipidaemia of diabetes, their role in cardiovascular risk reduction in diabetes may be especially important. The Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study is a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the effects on coronary morbidity and mortality of long-term treatment with fenofibrate to elevate high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and lower triglyceride (TG) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and total blood cholesterol between 3 and 6.5 mmol/L (115 and 250 mg/dL) at study entry. In type 2 diabetes, rates of coronary heart disease (CHD) are 3 to 4 times higher than those of persons without diabetes at any given level of blood cholesterol, and at any given age [Blood total cholesterol levels are not substantially different between patients with type 2 diabetes and those of nondiabetic populations of similar age and sex . HoweverThe strength of the cholesterol-CHD relationship is very similar for those with type 2 diabetes as for nondiabetics, although at a higher background rate of CHD , which tFor patients with type 2 diabetes and its typical dyslipidaemia, many physicians believe that fibrates are the logical first choice of drug treatment. The fibrates have been in clinical use for a long time, being well tolerated and with few short-term side-effects. Fenofibrate has been widely used and marketed for more than 20 years and is an effective agent for reducing plasma triglyceride and raising HDL cholesterol . AlthougFIELD is designed to provide the first properly randomized evidence as to whether the substantial effects of fenofibrate confer a benefit on clinical cardiovascular events in persons with type 2 diabetes. A clearly favourable result might be expected to help physicians determine which type of lipid-modifying drug therapy is likely to be most cost-effective for such people.FIELD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial among middle-aged to elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus considered to be at increased risk of CHD. Those with and without pre-existing vascular disease or other lipid abnormalities, such as low HDL cholesterol and elevated TG, were eligible, provided the total blood cholesterol level at screening fell between 3.0 and 6.5 mmol/L (about 115\u2013250 mg/dL) plus either a total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio of >4.0 or a blood TG level >1.0 mmol/L (88.6 mg/dL)  or matching placebo as one capsule daily with breakfast. There was no formal restriction on randomization related to compliance during the run-in period. Randomization was carried out using a dynamic allocation method  with strThe run-in phase for the study consists of a 4-week diet-only period, followed by a 6-week single-blind placebo period, then a 6-week single-blind active run-in period on comicronized fenofibrate 200 mg once daily for all patients, before randomization Figure . This waFollow-up in the study will be for not less than 5 years of median duration and until a total of at least 500 first coronary events have accumulated in the trial, unless the study is terminated earlier by advice from the Safety and Data Monitoring Committee.The principal study outcome is the combined incidence of first nonfatal MI or CHD death among all randomized patients during the scheduled treatment period Table . SecondaTertiary outcomes include the effects of treatment on development of vascular and neuropathic amputations, nonfatal cancers, the progression of renal disease, laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy, hospitalization for angina pectoris, and numbers and duration of all hospital admissions. The effects of treatment on the outcome of total cardiovascular events will be examined inThe rates of events various subgroups of particular interest, such as men and women, those <65 years and \u2265 65 years of age, by subgroup of each of baseline total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride and fibrinogen, baseline insulin use, or not, and the presence, or absence, at baseline of microalbuminuria.The primary analysis will be of time to first study outcome, using standard log-rank methods ,19, and The rates of events used for the original study power calculations were based on information from a variety of sources. During recruitment, when the numbers of participants with prior MI was falling well short of the number originally planned (in about 2000), the sample size was extended from the original total of 8000 to a final number of 9795 reached in November 2000. In late 2002, the statistical power of the trial was reviewed again. These reviews were planned in the original protocol design and were undertaken by reviewers completely blinded to all treatment allocation. The reassessment included information on final sample size, overall rate of discontinuation of study medication and commencement of open-label cholesterol treatment, and overall event rates in relation to CHD death, MI, and stroke.After the review it was clear that the trial would yield too few deaths from CHD to retain sufficient power, over its planned duration of around 5 years, to show a significant reduction in this endpoint. The FIELD Management Committee determined that the primary outcome of the trial should be amended from CHD death to CHD events . It was also decided to change the principal outcome for subgroup analyses to look at the effects of fenofibrate in subjects with and without prior cardiovascular disease (CVD) .For a primary outcome of CHD events , it is projected that approximately 500 CHD events will have occurred when 5 years median follow-up has elapsed (during the first quarter of 2005); by this time the trial will have 80% power to detect an observed 22% reduction in CHD events . This will also provide 90% power to detect a 25% relative reduction in CHD events . Both calculations allow for the effects of an average drop-out rate from active treatment over the course of the study of 10% and a similar drop-in rate of 10% from placebo to open cholesterol-lowering therapy Table . These aIf the uptake of cholesterol-lowering therapy proves to be greater in the placebo group than in the fenofibrate-allocated group, the observed treatment effect of fenofibrate will underestimate its true efficacy.P = 0.003) to preserve an overall type 1 error probability of no more than 0.05. The events to be used for these analyses are counts of death from CHD. The Management Committee, the collaborators, the study sponsor and all the central administrative staff, with the exception of the unblinded statistician, will remain ignorant of the interim results for mortality and major morbidity. During the study, the group effects of treatment on biochemical parameters, such as lipid fractions, and other surrogate endpoints may be published, subject to prior approval of the Management Committee, provided that individual patient treatment assignments are not revealed. Patients are being monitored regularly by lipid profiles, liver function tests, creatine phosphokinase, fasting glucose, HbA1c, and urinary microalbumin. The study has been approved by local ethics committees at each participating institution, which also approved the information discussed and informed-consent procedures. The first patient in FIELD was registered in November 1997 and randomized in February 1998. The study has recruited 9795 patients; the final patient was randomized on 3 November 2000.The trial has an independent Safety and Data Monitoring Committee to safeguard the patients' interests and to formally evaluate from time to time on a regular basis whether, for any reason, they would recommend that the study should be modified or stopped. Up to 5 formal interim analyses are planned, at time points to be determined by the Safety and Data Monitoring Committee, with a stringent nominal significance level  to have the power to show reliably whether these benefits would translate into reductions in CHD mortality in the setting of diabetes, nor the effects in them of treatment on noncoronary events and mortality. Further, the West of Scotland (WOSCOPS) study of pravastatin in hypercholesterolaemic men with no prior CHD, which reported a marginally significant reduction in overall mortality, had fewer than 100 subjects with diabetes [In 1997, before the FIELD study commenced, the role of lipid modification in diabetes remained uncertain, except possibly for hypercholesterolaemic people with a prior MI. Two large-scale trials, the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)  and the diabetes .Since that time, numerous other trials of statin treatment have been reported, with randomized data now reported on over 18000 persons with diabetes. Those involving more than 1000 people with diabetes include the Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) study ,23, the Two large-scale trials of fibrate therapy have also been completed: the Veterans Low-HDL Cholesterol Intervention Trial (VA-HIT) ,30 and tAt the same time, our understanding of the mechanism of action of fibrates has grown, with identification of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha  transcription factor as the primary pathway through which fibrate-mediated effects are triggered ,35. The Approximately 140 million adults were estimated to be suffering from diabetes mellitus, the most common endocrine disorder worldwide, in 1997. By 2010, projections put diabetes prevalence about 60 percent higher, at 221 million. Just as many persons again have an elevated fasting glucose level, or impaired fasting glucose, which can progress rapidly to diabetes. Without the FIELD study, doctors would remain uncertain about the merits of using a fibrate when confronted with a patient with diabetes at risk of clinical CHD. It is expected that the main results of FIELD will be reported in late 2005.Of the Management Committee of the FIELD Study:PB, YAK and RS have received reimbursements, fees, funding, or salary in the past five years from an organization that may in any way gain or lose financially from the publication of this paper;No authors hold or have held stocks or shares in such an organization;No authors have other financial competing interests;AK has the following nonfinancial competing interests: Advisory board membership.The FIELD Management Committee conceived and developed the study protocol and are the responsible authors of this manuscript.P Barter*, J Best*, P Colman, M d\u2019Emden, T Davis, P Drury, C Ehnholm, P Glasziou, D Hunt, A Keech* , YA Kesaniemi, M Laakso, R Scott*, RJ Simes*, D Sullivan, M-R Taskinen*, M Whiting; J-C Ansquer, B Fraitag (non-voting sponsor representatives). * Executive Committee members.N Anderson, G Hankey, D Hunt (chairman), S Lehto, S Mann, M Romo; LP Li .C Hennekens, S MacMahon (chairman), S Pocock, A Tonkin, L Wilhelmsen; P Forder . Australia: H Akauola, F Alford, P Barter, I Beinart, J Best, S Bohra, S Boyages, P Colman, H Connor, D Darnell, T Davis, P Davoren, F Lepre, F De Looze, M d'Emden, A Duffield, R Fassett, J Flack, G Fulcher, S Grant, S Hamwood, D Harmelin, R Jackson, W Jeffries, M Kamp, L Kritharides, L Mahar, V McCann, D McIntyre, R Moses, H Newnham, G Nicholson, R O'Brien, K Park, N Petrovsky, P Phillips, G Pinn, D Simmons, K Stanton, B Stuckey, D R Sullivan, M Suranyi, M Suthers, Y Tan, M Templer, D Topliss, J H Waites, G Watts, T Welborn, R Wyndham; Finland:  H Haapamaki, A Kesaniemi, M Laakso, J Lahtela, H Levanen, J Saltevo, H Sodervik, M Taskinen, M Vanhala; New Zealand: J Baker, A Burton, P Dixon, J Doran, P Drury, P Dunn, N Graham, A Hamer, J Hedley, J Lloyd, P Manning, I McPherson, S Morris, C Renner, R Scott, R Smith, M Wackrow, S Young.Australia: F Alard, J Alcoe, F Alford, C Allan, J Amerena, R Anderson, N Arnold, T Arsov, D Ashby, C Atkinson, L Badhni, M Balme, D Barton, B Batrouney, C Beare, T Beattie, J Beggs, C Bendall, C Bendall, A Benz, A Bond, R Bradfield, J Bradshaw, S Brearley, D Bruce, J Burgess, J Butler, M Callary, J Campbell, K Chambers, J Chow, S Chow, K Ciszek, P Clifton, P Clifton-Bligh, V Clowes, P Coates, C Cocks, S Cole, D Colquhoun, M Correcha, B Costa, S Coverdale, M Croft, J Crowe, S Dal Sasso, W Davis, J Dunn, S Edwards, R Elder, S El-Kaissi, L Emery, M England, O Farouque, M Fernandez, B Fitzpatrick, N Francis, P Freeman, A Fuller, D Gale, V Gaylard, C Gillzan, C Glatthaar, J Goddard, V Grange, T Greenaway, J Griffin, A Grogan, S Guha, J Gustafson, P S Hamblin, T Hannay, C Hardie, A Harper, G Hartl, A Harvey, S Havlin, K Haworth, P Hay, L Hay, B Heenan, R Hesketh, A Heyworth, M Hines, G Hockings, A Hodge, L Hoffman, L Hoskin, M Howells, D Hunt, A Hunt, W Inder, W Inder, D Jackson, A Jovanovska, K Kearins, P Kee, J Keen, D Kilpatrick, J Kindellan, M Kingston-Ray, M Kotowicz, A Lassig, M Layton, S Lean, E Lim, F Long, L Lucas, D Ludeman, D Ludeman, C Ludeman-Robertson, M Lyall, L Lynch, C Maddison, B Malkus, A Marangou, F Margrie, K Matthiesson, J Matthiesson, S Maxwell, K McCarthy, A McElduff, H McKee, J McKenzie, K McLachan, P McNair, M Meischke, A Merkel, C Miller, B Morrison, A Morton, W Mossman, A Mowat, J Muecke, P Murie, S Murray, P Nadorp, S Nair, J Nairn, A Nankervis, K Narayan, N Nattrass, J Ngui, S Nicholls, V Nicholls, JA Nye, E Nye, D O'Neal, M O'Neill, S O'Rourke, J Pearse, C Pearson, J Phillips, L Pittis, D Playford, L Porter, L Porter, R Portley, M Powell, C Preston, S Pringle, W A Quinn, J Raffaele, G Ramnath, J Ramsden, D Richtsteiger, S Roffe, S Rosen, G Ross, Z Ross, J Rowe, D Rumble, S Ryan, J Sansom, C Seymour, E Shanahan, S Shelly, J Shepherd, G Sherman, R Siddall, D Silva, S Simmons, R Simpson, A Sinha, R Slobodniuk, M Smith, P Smith, S Smith, V Smith-Orr, J Snow, L Socha, T Stack, K Steed, K Steele, J Stephensen, P Stevens, G Stewart, R Stewart, C Strakosch, M Sullivan, S Sunder, J Sunderland, E Tapp, J Taylor, D Thorn, D Thorn, A Tolley, D Torpy, G Truran, F Turner, J Turner, J van de Velde, S Varley, J Wallace, J Walsh, J Walsh, J Walshe, G Ward, B Watson, J Watson, A Webb, F Werner, E White, A Whitehouse, N Whitehouse, S Wigg, J Wilkinson, E Wilmshurst, D Wilson, G Wittert, B Wong, M Wong, S Worboys, S Wright, S Wu, J Yarker, M Yeo, K Young, J Youssef, R Yuen, H Zeimer, R W Ziffer;  Finland:  A Aura, A Friman, J Hanninen, J Henell, N Hyvarinen, M Ikonen, A Itkonen, J Jappinen, A Jarva, T Jerkkola, V Jokinen, J Juutilainen, H Kahkonen, T Kangas, M Karttunen, P Kauranen, S Kortelainen, H Koukkunen, L Kumpulainen, T Laitinen, M Laitinen, S Lehto, R Lehto, E Leinonen, M Lindstron-Karjalainen, A Lumiaho, J Makela, K Makinen, L Mannermaa, T Mard, J Miettinen, V Naatti, S Paavola, N Parssinen, J Ripatti, S Ruotsalainen, A Salo, M Siiskonen, A Soppela, J Starck, I Suonranta, L Ukkola, K Valli, J Virolainen; New Zealand: P Allan, W Arnold, W Bagg, K Balfour, T Ball, B Ballantine, C Ballantyne, C Barker, C Barker, F Bartley, E Berry, G Braatvedt, A Campbell, T Clarke, R Clarke, A Claydon, S Clayton, P Cresswell, R Cutfield, J Daffurn, J Delahunt, A Dissnayake, C Eagleton, C Ferguson, C Florkowski, D Fry, P Giles, M Gluyas, C Grant, P Guile, M Guolo, P Hale, M Hammond, M Hammond, P Healy, M Hills, J Hinge, J Holland, B Hyne, A Ireland, A Johnstone, S Jones, G Kerr, K Kerr, M Khant, J Krebs, L Law, B Lydon, K MacAuley, R McEwan, P McGregor, B McLaren, L McLeod, J Medforth, R Miskimmin, J Moffat, M Pickup, C Prentice, M Rahman, E Reda, C Ross, A Ryalls, D Schmid, N Shergill, A Snaddon, H Snell, L Stevens, A Waterman, V Watts.NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Sydney: K Jayne, E Keirnan, P Newman, G Ritchie, A Rosenfeld (project directors), E Beller, P Forder, V Gebski, A Pillai (study statisticians), C Anderson, S Blakesmith, S-Y Chan, S Czyniewski, A Dobbie, S Doshi, A Dupuy, S Eckermann, M Edwards, N Fields, K Flood, S Ford, C French, S Gillies, C Greig, M Groshens, J Gu, Y Guo, W Hague, S Healy, L Hones, Z Hossain, M Howlett, J Lee, L-P Li, T Matthews, J Micallef, A Martin, I Minns, A Nguyen, F Papuni, A Patel, J Pearse, R Pike, M Pena, K Pinto, D Schipp, J Schroeder, B Sim, C Sodhi, T Sourjina, C Sutton, R Taylor, P Vlagsma, S Walder, R Walker, W Wong, J Zhang, B Zhong, A Keech (deputy director), RJ Simes (director); Helsinki Project Office: A Kokkonen, P Narva, E-L Niemi, A Salo, A-M Syrjanen, M-R Taskinen (director); Christchurch Project Office: C Lintott, R Scott (director).Adelaide: R Tirimacco, M Whiting; Helsinki: C Ehnholm, M Ikonen, M Kajosaari, L Raman, J Sundvall, M Tukianen. .Laboratoires Fournier SA liaison: Dijon: J-C Ansquer, B Fraitag, D Crimet, I SirugueSydney: P Aubonnet."}
+{"text": "More than 80 eHealth experts from 20 different countries and four continents attended an international workshop in Heidelberg/Germany to agree on an international scientific collaboration in the field of ehealth, to work on a metadata structure for ehealth providers and to discuss trustmark concept and other ways to enhance trust, implement eHealth ethics and improve the quality of health information on the Internet.List of attendees, in alphabetical order:Lucas M. Bachmann  Carl R. Blesius , Markus Blume , Carl J. Brandt , Dan Brickley , Alejandro Cacherosky , Ken Campell , Richard Cleland , Phil Cross , Elenice de Castro , Guy de Roy , Tony Delamothe , Martin D. Denz , Persephone Doupi , Joan Dzenowagis , Christer Edling , Gunther Eysenbach , Gerard Freriks , Franz Fr\u00fchwald , Lisa Gray , Pelle Gustafsson , Gerhard Heine , Katrin H\u00f6rner , Robert Hsiung , Jostein Ingulfsen , Thomas Isenberg , Edward Jacob , Alex R. Jadad , Jacobo Kelber , Hugo Kitzinger , Inge Kokot , Hans-Joachim Koubenec , Michel Labrecque , Kristian Lampe , Stephane Lejeune , Leonard B. Lerer , Odile Leroy , Nicolas Lienert , P\u00e5l Lindstr\u00f6m , S\u00e1ndor Lipp , Leena Lodenius , Antti Malmivaara , Miquel Angela Mayer Pujadas , Peter Mills , Cesar Molinero , Marc Muret , Wolfgang Nagel , Tim Nater , Joerg Nitzsche , Debra O\u00b4Connor , Gert Purkert , Ramon Sarrias Ramis , Christine Reuter , Ahmad Risk , Carl B\u00e9n\u00e9dict Roth , Sebastian Schmid , Christiane Schmitz , Luk Schoonbaert , Frank Schuler , Ulrich Schwanke , Sasha Shepperd , Myra Sidrassi , Chris Sigouin , Chris Silagy , Denise Silber , Martin Sonderegger , Anke Steckelberg , Frederik Tautz , Nicolas P. Terry , Christian Thomeczek , Wouter Tukker, , Gerard H. van der Zanden , Georg von Below , Frank von Danwitz , C.-Peter Waegemann , Thomas Wetter , Petra Wilson, , Margaret A. Winker , Jeremy Wyatt , Gabriel Yihune"}
+{"text": "European Journal of General Practice should like to express their gratitude to all reviewers who have advised us during the year 2016. To acknowledge their indispensable contribution to the European Journal of General Practice, we have listed the names of all referees who completed at least one review report between 16 December 2015 and 16 December 2016.The Editors of the Heinz-Harald Abholz, Erik Abilsnes, Jeffery Adams, Gisele Apter, Enric Aragon\u00e9s, Chris Arden, Davut Baltaci, Tadej Battelino, Carol Bayona, Jaume Benavent, Ria Benko, Anette Berendsen, Christophe Berkhout, Sonja Bidmon, Peter Birner, Bj\u00f8rn Bjorvatn, Marco Blanker, Jan Bosmans, Colin Bradley, Carlos Brotonos, Mateja Bulc, L.H. Burridge, Manuel Campi\u00f1ez, Meltem Ciceklioglu, Peter Clarys, David Cohen, Gloria Cordoba, Lizzie Cottrell, Anne-Marie Cox, An de Sutter, Jan Degryse, Dorner, Thomas, Chris Dowrick, Sandra Fahrenkrog, Gabriele Fischer, Thomas Frese, Zbigniew Gaciong, Luis Galvez, Jochen Gensichen, Sherly George, Juan Gervas, Christoph Gisinger, Liam Glynn, Maciek Godycki-Cwirko, Alexandre Gouveia, Tomasz Grodzicki, Dilek G\u00fcldal, Ronny Gunnarsson, Peter Hjertholm, Kathryn Hoffmann, Eva Hummers-Pradier, Thomas Kahan, Laszlo Kalabay, Ruth Kalda, Gustav Kamenski, Bridget Kane, Brian Kelly, Martina Kelly, Marko Kol\u0161ek, Evan Kontopantelis, Dionne S. Kringos, Ron Kusters, Ilias-Ioannis Kyriopoulos, Toine Lagro, Amnon Lahad, A. J. Larner, Asam Latif, Klaus Linde, Christos Lionis, Carl Llor, Jos\u00e9 Ramon Loayssa, Nicole Lowres, Heidi Lyshol, Roar Maagaard, Aldo Pietro Maggioni, Christian Mallen, Niina Markkula, Inaki Martin-Lesende, Merc\u00e8 Marzo-Castillejo, Marion McAllister, Saskia Mol, Jose M. Molero, Ana Moragas-Moreno, Maria Luisa Morato, Tania Morris, Luke Mounce, Anders Munck, Miguel Mu\u00f1oz, Peter Murchie, Markus Nielen, Caitlin Notley, Peter Nygaard, Abimbola Obimakinde, Zeliha Ocek, Eric Olsman, Graziano Onder, Ennio Ongini, John Paget, Davorina Petek, Soeren Prins, Enriqueta Pujol-Ribera, Jesus Pujol, Maja Racic, S. Ramlall, Sofia B. Ravara, Shmuel Reis, Claire Rondet, Jim Ross, Danica Rotar Pavli\u010d, Marie-Eve Roug\u00e9 Bugat, Guy Rutten, Antonio Sarr\u00eda Santamera, Willemijn Sch\u00e4fer, Nynke Scherpbier, Henrik Schroll, Michaela Schunk, Polona Selic, Monika Seltenhammer, Helmut Sinzinger, Jef Sisler, Antoni Sis\u00f3 Almirall, Marleen Smits, Hilde Solberg, Sal Stapley, Igor \u015cvab, Dorota Szczesniak, Angela Taft, Clare Taylor, Gabriela Heiden Telo, Berend Terluin, Bratt Thombs, Tomasz Tomasik, Salvador Tranche, Michael J. Twigg, Anne-Marie Uijen, Steven Uittenbogaart, Sabina Ulbricht, Aysegul Uludag, Juan Valdes-Stauber, Joan Antoni Valles, Wil van den Bosch, Marc van der Wel, Tineke van Geel, Evelien van Riet, Piet Vanden Bussche, Juha Varis, Jos\u00e9 V\u00e1zquez Villegas, Theo Verheij, Ernest Vinyoles, Johannes Wancata, Jane Wilcock, Oriol Yuguero Torres.European Journal of General Practice accepts around 30% of all submitted manuscripts.We want to thank you all for your appreciated assistance! Your review reports were very valuable feedback to the authors and helped us to make our editorial decisions. Currently, the http://mc.manuscript-central.com/ejgp and log in to modify your profile. In addition, we invite all readers of the European Journal of General Practice who would like to review manuscripts for this journal, to visit http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/ejgp and to register as \u2018new user\u2019, i.e. to complete the details of their expertise. We provide a format to facilitate the review.Although our database of authors and reviewers steadily increases, the Editors do not always find it easy to find referees within the journal\u2019s deadlines. Therefore, we sincerely hope that all reviewers want to continue their review work in the future. If you would like to update your reviewer account, e.g. to specify your expertise, please visit ejgp-agermeraad@maastrichtuniversity.nl).If you have comments regarding the journal or its peer review process, we invite you to contact the editorial office (Ms. Anneke Germeraad-Uriot, Editorial Assistant:"}
+{"text": "Life would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these intiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Life, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Life in 2016:Amachi, SeigoGerday, CharlesOsterman, AndreiAnton, JosefaGerland, UlrichPaleos, C.M.Armengod, M.-EugeniaGogarten, Johann PeterParadisi, FrancescaBaxter, BonnieHellingwerf, Klaas J.Pfeifer, FelicitasBernhardt, Harold S.Higgs, PaulPhizicky, EricBininda-Emonds, Olaf R.P.Holliger, PhilippRajamani, SudhaBlack, Roy A.Hu, GuofuRettberg, PetraBlackstone, NeilHud, NicholasRibo, Josep M.Borghese, RobertoIkehara, KenjiRodriguez Valera, FranciscoBoto, LuisIvanov, PavelRoot-Bernstein, RobertBrack, AndreJordi, G\u00f3mezRoss, IanBrazelton, WilliamKarev, GeorgyRuiz-Mirazo, KepaBrooks, NickKawamura, KunioSakamoto, KensakuBudisa, NediljkoKim, SeonghoSantander, JavierBurton, Aaron S.Kimchi-Sarfaty, ChavaSaraiva, Jorge A.Carrapi\u00e7o, FranciscoLamba, DorianoSass, HenrikCarter, Charles W.LaPres, John J.Schierwater, BerndCayol, Jean-LucLeidel, SebastianSchoepp-Cothenet, BarbaraCohen, PinchasLeuko, StefanShcherbakova, ViktoriaCrowley, DavidLindberg, PiaStadler, PeterCs\u0171r\u00f6s, Mikl\u00f3sLindsey, Jonathan S.Strasdeit, HenryDamer, BruceLuisi, PierSugawara, Tadashide Crecy Lagard, ValerieMandt, Kathleen E.Syvanen, Michaelde La Escosura, Andr\u00e9sMartin, William F.Takai, Kende Vladar, Harold P.Maurel, Marie-christineTatarinova, Tatiana V.Deamer, DavidMayer, ChristianTessera, MarcDedon, PeterMeierhenrich, Uwe J.Tyystj\u00e4rvi, TainaDi Giulio, MassimoMichel, ChristianVan Doninck, KarineDoolittle, Russell F.Miller, Laurence G.Varfolomeev, Sergei D.Eichler, JerryMillet, OscarVolkovich, ZeewEkstig, B\u00f6rjeMoras, DinoWalde, PeterEngelhart, AaronMormile, MelanieWang, JunFederighi, MichelMulkidjanian, ArmenWideman, Jeremy G.Fournier, GregoryO\u2019Brien, EdwardWills, Peter R.Fox, GeorgeO'Donoghue, PatrickWolf, YuriGeisler, SarahOrengo, ChristineThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Insects would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these intiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons Way, M. O.Erlandson, MartinMurchie, ArchieWebb, Cameron E.Etges, WilliamNatsopoulou, Myrsini E.Weeks, EmmaEvenden, Maja L.Nayak, ManojWeetman, DavidFar\u00edas Franco, FernandoNeafsey, D. E.Whyard, SteveFeldhaar, HeikeNeoh, Kok-BoonWiggins, GregFerguson, ScottNewton, Irene L. G.Williams, ErnestFernandez-Grandon, G. MandelaOchoa, RonaldoWilusz, JeffreyFerrandon, DominiqueOg\u00f3rek, Rafa\u0142Witzgall, PeterFettig, ChrisOi, FaithWolf, StephanFields, PaulOliver, JasonXu, BaohuaFitzpatrick, SheilaOsbrink, WesteYang, Chiou-HerrFoster, StephenPalmeri, VincenzoYang, ShengFujimoto, IzumiPaluzzi, Jean-Paul V.Yano, EiziFunderburk, JoePappas, Maria L.Zalucki, MyronGangloff-Kaufman, JodyPark, YoonseongZettler, ErikGarc\u00eda, Josefa VelascoPeletto, SimoneZhang, GuanyangGasch, TinaPereira-Peixoto, Maria-HelenaZhang, Qing-heGeorge, DavidPeterson, RobertZhou, XuguoThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Previous name:3 Department of Cardiology, Guangdong General Hospital Zhuhai Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, ChinaCurrent name:3 Department of Cardiology, Guangdong General Hospital Zhuhai Hospital , Zhuhai, Guangdong, China109762-109771. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.19034Original article: Oncotarget. 2017; 8:"}
+{"text": "PAI\u20101) plays an essential role in the fibrinolysis system and thrombosis. Population studies have reported that blood PAI\u20101 levels are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it is unclear whether the association reflects a causal influence of PAI\u20101 on CHD risk.Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1  in an age\u2010 and sex\u2010adjusted model. The effect size was reduced in studies using a multivariable\u2010adjusted model . The Mendelian randomization analyses suggested a causal effect of increased PAI\u20101 level on CHD risk . In addition, we also detected a causal effect of PAI\u20101 on elevating blood glucose and high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol.To evaluate the association between PAI\u20101 level on CHD risk, which may be mediated by glucose dysfunction.Our study indicates a causal effect of elevated  Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI\u20101) is the major inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system. It inhibits the effect of plasminogen activators, thereby inhibiting plasmin formation and downregulating breakdown of fibrin clots. PAI\u20101 deficiency caused by mutations has been reported to lead to a moderate bleeding disorder.However, the relationship between PAI\u20101 and early atherosclerosis and incident CHD remains unclear. Previous studies reported the correlation of PAI\u20101 with multiple conventional risk factors of CHD, eg, obesity, glycemic traits, and type 2 diabetes mellitus,SERPINE1, with PAI\u20101 and CHD risk was based on a meta\u2010analysis using published candidate gene studies between 1993 and 2010.To overcome these obstacles, epidemiological studies have adapted instrumental variable (IV) analysis to assess causality and to limit confounding through the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as IV. This method is referred to as the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.SERPINE1 gene locus, the coding gene region of PAI\u20101, on chr7q22.1. The lead SNP rs2227631 is in the promoter region of SERPINE1 and highly correlated with the well\u2010characterized functional variant 4G/5G SERPINE1 polymorphism (r2=0.78). Following conditional analysis for the lead SNP, a second independent signal (rs6976053) in the same chr7q22.1 locus was observed 200\u00a0kb upstream of rs2227631.In the largest genome\u2010wide association study (GWAS) for PAI\u20101 , the CHARGE Hemostatic Working Group reported 4 independent genetic variants from 3 loci .In this investigation, we aimed to understand whether plasma PAI\u20101 levels played a causal role in CHD risk. To achieve the goal, we first investigated the observational association between PAI\u20101 and CHD using a systematic meta\u2010analysis. We then explored the causal effect of PAI\u20101 on CHD using a MR approach. Finally, we further investigated the causal effect of PAI\u20101 on known cardiovascular risk factors, including metabolic risk factors  and subclinical atherosclerosis measures .We applied a systematic review to understand the observational association of PAI\u20101 with CHD. An electronic literature search was conducted in PubMed by 2 researchers independently using the following criteria: (1) including \u201cCoronary heart disease\u201d or \u201cCoronary artery disease\u201d or \u201cMyocardial infarction\u201d; (2) including \u201cplasminogen activator inhibitor type 1\u201d; (3) published in English from January 1992 to April 2016; and (4) study in human subjects. Two reviewers independently performed the literature screen and found consistent results. In total, we found 1228 articles available in PubMed. There were 33 publications that reported an effect size of PAI\u20101 on CHD. To focus on association between PAI\u20101 and incident CHD, we excluded those studies that reported prevalent CHD (13 publications), recurrent CHD (5 publications), or stroke (1\u00a0publication). In addition, considering that the majority of publications reported the relative risk of CHD comparing the highest  with the lowest quantile, we included only publications using categorical analyses of PAI\u20101. Ten studies that adjusted only for age and sex reported association between PAI\u20101 and CHD incidence Table\u00a0, while 1https://sb452.shinyapps.io/power/) for a PAI\u20101 IV (explaining 0.9% of variance).A genetic variant acts as an IV if it fulfils the following assumptions: 1) the genetic variant is associated with the exposure; and (2) the genetic variant can only influence the outcome through the exposure. the geneSERPINE1). In this step, we selected SNPs in this locus that were associated with PAI\u20101 (P<1\u00d710\u22126) and that were only moderately correlated with each other after iterative stepwise selection (r2<0.5 each round). The correlations between SNPs were obtained from the bioinformatics tool SNiPA using data from the 1000 Genomes phase 3, European reference population.P<5\u00d710\u22128). Four independent SNPs reported from the PAI\u20101 GWAS were used in the IV  of blood PAI\u20101 levels is associated with higher risk of CHD incidence compared with the lowest quantile  as IV are not simply driven by a single SNP. Similarly, Figure\u00a0Using variants in the SERPINE1 locus alone suggest that an increase of 1\u00a0unit of log\u2010transformed PAI\u20101 level increases circulating fasting glucose levels by 0.08\u00a0mmol/L  and refuting (HDL\u2010C) causal links to CHD that mirror clinical trial results.SERPINE1 has been consistently reported to be a functional variant influencing PAI\u20101 expression.Serpine1, a mouse ortholog, creates PAI\u20101 deficiency.SERPINE1 locus SNPs as an IV.A key assumption for the MR approach is that genetic variants employed as the IV can only be associated with the outcome (CHD) through the biomarker (PAI\u20101). The causal effect of PAI\u20101 on CHD suggested by the MR approach should be interpreted under this assumption. In addition, further functional studies are required to understand the mechanism of the causal association between PAI\u20101 and CHD. As a protein biomarker, the genetic locus encoding the PAI\u20101 transcript has clear biological function in determining circulating PAI\u20101 levels. The 4G/5G polymorphism in the promoter region of Our study is the first evidence to suggest a causal association of PAI\u20101 on increased fasting glucose. This indicates PAI\u20101 may play a role in glucose regulation and is consistent with previous population studies that reported positive correlations between circulating PAI\u20101 and glucose levels.Somewhat surprisingly, when addressing the causal effect of PAI\u20101 on measurements of obesity, we find negative trend effects of PAI\u20101 on BMI and waist\u2013hip ratio. Adipose tissue is one of the main tissues expressing PAI\u20101, and population studies have consistently shown positive correlations between circulating PAI\u20101 levels and BMI.SRB1) raises HDL\u2010C and increases CHD risk.Our results suggest a further positive causal effect of PAI\u20101 on HDL\u2010C, which is inconsistent with observational associations in the population study.There are several limitations of the current study. Since we used summary GWAS statistics in the current study, we were unable to address stratified analysis questions such as whether there is a sex or age difference in the PAI\u20101\u2010CHD link, or whether the effect of PAI\u20101 on CHD differs among obese individuals versus nonobese individuals. These are interesting questions for future studies. In addition, our reported observational meta\u2010analysis between PAI\u20101 and CHD is based on PAI\u20101 quantiles, while the causal association is based on log\u2010transformed PAI\u20101 units; therefore, the effect size of PAI\u20101 on CHD in these 2 sets of analysis is not directly comparable.In summary, we applied several approaches to understand the role of PAI\u20101 in CHD. Our results through several analyses support a causal effect of PAI\u20101 on CHD onset, potentially mediated by blood glucose dysfunction. Furthermore, our results and those of others suggest that PAI\u20101 may be interlocked with obesity, and potentially HDL\u2010C in complex feedback relationships. Our study adds to evidence on the role of PAI\u20101 in pathogenesis of CHD and suggests this pathway may be a good target for CHD treatment.Jie Huang, Maria Sabater\u2010Lleal, Folkert W. Asselbergs, David Tregouet, So\u2010Youn Shin, Jingzhong Ding, Jens Baumert, Tiphaine Oudot\u2010Mellakh, Lasse Folkersen, Andrew D. Johnson, Nicholas L. Smith, Scott M. Williams, Mohammad A. Ikram, Marcus E. Kleber, Diane M. Becker, Vinh Truong, Josyf C. Mychaleckyj, Weihong Tang, Qiong Yang, Bengt Sennblad, Jason H. Moore, Frances M. K. Williams, Abbas Dehghan, G\u00fcnther Silbernagel, Elisabeth M. C. Schrijvers, Shelly Smith, Mahir Karakas, Geoffrey H. Tofler, Angela Silveira, Gerjan J. Navis, Kurt Lohman, Ming\u2010Huei Chen, Annette Peters, Anuj Goel, Jemma C. Hopewell, John C. Chambers, Danish Saleheen, Per Lundmark, Bruce M. Psaty, Rona J. Strawbridge, Bernhard O. Boehm, Angela M. Carter, Christa Meisinger, John F. Peden, Joshua C. Bis, Barbara McKnight, John \u00d6hrvik, Kent Taylor, Maria Grazia Franzosi, Udo Seedorf, Rory Collins, Anders Franco\u2010Cereceda, Ann\u2010Christine Syv\u00e4nen, Alison H. Goodall, Lisa R. Yanek, Mary Cushman, Martina M\u00fcller\u2010Nurasyid, Aaron R. Folsom, Saonli Basu, Nena Matijevic, Wiek H. van Gilst, Jaspal S. Kooner, Albert Hofman, John Danesh, Robert Clarke, James B. Meigs, Sekar Kathiresan, Muredach P. Reilly, Norman Klopp, Tamara B. Harris, Bernhard R. Winkelmann, Peter J. Grant, Hans L. Hillege, Hugh Watkins, Timothy D. Spector, Lewis C. Becker, Russell P. Tracy, Winfried M\u00e4rz, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Per Eriksson, Francois Cambien, Pierre\u2010Emmanuel Morange, Wolfgang Koenig, Nicole Soranzo, Pim van der Harst, Yongmei Liu, Christopher J. O'Donnell, and Anders Hamsten.Georg B. Ehret, Patricia B. Munroe, Kenneth M. Rice, Murielle Bochud, Andrew D. Johnson, Daniel I. Chasman, Albert V. Smith, Martin D. Tobin, Germaine C. Verwoert, Shih\u2010Jen Hwang, Vasyl Pihur, Peter Vollenweider, Paul F. O'Reilly, Najaf Amin, Jennifer L. Bragg\u2010Gresham, Alexander Teumer, Nicole L. Glazer, Lenore Launer, Jing Hua Zhao, Yurii Aulchenko, Simon Heath, Siim S\u00f5ber, Afshin Parsa, Jian'an Luan, Pankaj Arora, Abbas Dehghan, Feng Zhang, Gavin Lucas, Andrew A. Hicks, Anne U. Jackson, John F. Peden, Toshiko Tanaka, Sarah H. Wild, Igor Rudan, Wilmar Igl, Yuri Milaneschi, Alex N. Parker, Cristiano Fava, John C. Chambers, Ervin R. Fox, Meena Kumari, Min Jin Go, Pim van der Harst, Wen Hong Linda Kao, Marketa Sj\u00f6gren, D. G. Vinay, Myriam Alexander, Yasuharu Tabara, Sue Shaw\u2010Hawkins, Peter H. Whincup, Yongmei Liu, Gang Shi, Johanna Kuusisto, Bamidele Tayo, Mark Seielstad, Xueling Sim, Khanh\u2010Dung Hoang Nguyen, Terho Lehtim\u00e4ki, Giuseppe Matullo, Ying Wu, Tom R. Gaunt, N. Charlotte Onland\u2010Moret, Matthew N. Cooper, Carl G. P. Platou, Elin Org, Rebecca Hardy, Santosh Dahgam, Jutta Palmen, Veronique Vitart, Peter S. Braund, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Cuno S. P. M. Uiterwaal, Adebowale Adeyemo, Walter Palmas, Harry Campbell, Barbara Ludwig, Maciej Tomaszewski, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Nicholette D. Palmer, Thor Aspelund, Melissa Garcia, Yen\u2010Pei C. Chang, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Nanette I. Steinle, Diederick E. Grobbee, Dan E. Arking, Sharon L. Kardia, Alanna C. Morrison, Dena Hernandez, Samer Najjar, Wendy L. McArdle, David Hadley, Morris J. Brown, John M. Connell, Aroon D. Hingorani, Ian N. M. Day, Debbie A. Lawlor, John P. Beilby, Robert W. Lawrence, Robert Clarke, Jemma C. Hopewell, Halit Ongen, Albert W. Dreisbach, Yali Li, J. Hunter Young, Joshua C. Bis, Mika K\u00e4h\u00f6nen, Jorma Viikari, Linda S. Adair, Nanette R. Lee, Ming\u2010Huei Chen, Matthias Olden, Cristian Pattaro, Judith A. Hoffman Bolton, Anna K\u00f6ttgen, Sven Bergmann, Vincent Mooser, Nish Chaturvedi, Timothy M. Frayling, Muhammad Islam, Tazeen H. Jafar, Jeanette Erdmann, Smita R. Kulkarni, Stefan R. Bornstein, J\u00fcrgen Gr\u00e4ssler, Leif Groop, Benjamin F. Voight, Johannes Kettunen, Philip Howard, Andrew Taylor, Simonetta Guarrera, Fulvio Ricceri, Valur Emilsson, Andrew Plump, In\u00eas Barroso, Kay\u2010Tee Khaw, Alan B. Weder, Steven C. Hunt, Yan V. Sun, Richard N. Bergman, Francis S. Collins, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Laura J. Scott, Heather M. Stringham, Leena Peltonen, Markus Perola, Erkki Vartiainen, Stefan\u2010Martin Brand, Jan A. Staessen, Thomas J. Wang, Paul R. Burton, Maria Soler Artigas, Yanbin Dong, Harold Snieder, Xiaoling Wang, Haidong Zhu, Kurt K. Lohman, Megan E. Rudock, Susan R. Heckbert, Nicholas L. Smith, Kerri L. Wiggins, Ayo Doumatey, Daniel Shriner, Gudrun Veldre, Margus Viigimaa, Sanjay Kinra, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Vikal Tripathy, Carl D. Langefeld, Annika Rosengren, Dag S. Thelle, Anna Maria Corsi, Andrew Singleton, Terrence Forrester, Gina Hilton, Colin A. McKenzie, Tunde Salako, Naoharu Iwai, Yoshikuni Kita, Toshio Ogihara, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Tomonori Okamura, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Satoshi Umemura, Susana Eyheramendy, Thomas Meitinger, H.\u2010Erich Wichmann, Yoon Shin Cho, Hyung\u2010Lae Kim, Jong\u2010Young Lee, James Scott, Joban S. Sehmi, Weihua Zhang, Bo Hedblad, Peter Nilsson, George Davey Smith, Andrew Wong, Narisu Narisu, Alena Stan\u010d\u00e1kov\u00e1, Leslie J. Raffel, Jie Yao, Sekar Kathiresan, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Stephen M. Schwartz, M. Arfan Ikram, W. T. Longstreth Jr, Thomas H. Mosley, Sudha Seshadri, Nick R. G. Shrine, Louise V. Wain, Mario A. Morken, Amy J. Swift, Jaana Laitinen, Inga Prokopenko, Paavo Zitting, Jackie A. Cooper, Steve E. Humphries, John Danesh, Asif Rasheed, Anuj Goel, Anders Hamsten, Hugh Watkins, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Wiek H. van Gilst, Charles S. Janipalli, K. Radha Mani, Chittaranjan S. Yajnik, Albert Hofman, Francesco U. S. Mattace\u2010Raso, Ben A. Oostra, Ayse Demirkan, Aaron Isaacs, Fernando Rivadeneira, Edward G. Lakatta, Marco Orru, Angelo Scuteri, Mika Ala\u2010Korpela, Antti J. Kangas, Leo\u2010Pekka Lyytik\u00e4inen, Pasi Soininen, Taru Tukiainen, Peter W\u00fcrtz, Rick Twee\u2010Hee Ong, Marcus D\u00f6rr, Heyo K. Kroemer, Uwe V\u00f6lker, Henry V\u00f6lzke, Pilar Galan, Serge Hercberg, Mark Lathrop, Diana Zelenika, Panos Deloukas, Massimo Mangino, Tim D. Spector, Guangju Zhai, James F. Meschia, Michael A. Nalls, Pankaj Sharma, Janos Terzic, M. V. Kranthi Kumar, Matthew Denniff, Ewa Zukowska\u2010Szczechowska, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, F. Gerald R. Fowkes, Fadi J. Charchar, Peter E. H. Schwarz, Caroline Hayward, Xiuqing Guo, Charles Rotimi, Michiel L. Bots, Eva Brand, Nilesh J. Samani, Ozren Polasek, Philippa J. Talmud, Fredrik Nyberg, Diana Kuh, Maris Laan, Kristian Hveem, Lyle J. Palmer, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Juan P. Casas, Karen L. Mohlke, Paolo Vineis, Olli Raitakari, Santhi K. Ganesh, Tien Y. Wong, E. Shyong Tai, Richard S. Cooper, Markku Laakso, Dabeeru C. Rao, Tamara B. Harris, Richard W. Morris, Anna F. Dominiczak, Mika Kivimaki, Michael G. Marmot, Tetsuro Miki, Danish Saleheen, Giriraj R. Chandak, Josef Coresh, Gerjan Navis, Veikko Salomaa, Bok\u2010Ghee Han, Xiaofeng Zhu, Jaspal S. Kooner, Olle Melander, Paul M. Ridker, Stefania Bandinelli, Ulf B. Gyllensten, Alan F. Wright, James F. Wilson, Luigi Ferrucci, Martin Farrall, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Peter P. Pramstaller, Roberto Elosua, Nicole Soranzo, Eric J. G. Sijbrands, David Altshuler, Ruth J. F. Loos, Alan R. Shuldiner, Christian Gieger, Pierre Meneton, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Nicholas J. Wareham, Vilmundur Gudnason, Jerome I. Rotter, Rainer Rettig, Manuela Uda, David P. Strachan, Jacqueline C. M. Witteman, Anna\u2010Liisa Hartikainen, Jacques S. Beckmann, Eric Boerwinkle, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Michael Boehnke, Martin G. Larson, Marjo\u2010Riitta J\u00e4rvelin, Bruce M. Psaty, Gon\u00e7alo R. Abecasis, Aravinda Chakravarti, Paul Elliott, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Christopher Newton\u2010Cheh, Daniel Levy, Mark J. Caulfield and Toby Johnson.Aad van der Lugt, Aaron Isaacs, Abbas Dehghan, Afshin Parsa, Alan R. Shuldiner, Albert Hofman, Albert V. Smith, Aldi T. Kraja, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Andre Uitterlinden, Andreas Ziegler, Andrew D. Johnson, Angelo Scuteri, Anne B. Newman, Arne Schillert, Benjamin F. Voight, Ben Oostra, Bolli Thorsson, Braxton D. Mitchell, Bruce M. Psaty, Caroline Hayward, Caroline S. Fox, Charles C. White, Christa Meisinger, Christie Ballantyne, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Cornelia van Duijn, David Altshuler, David M. Herrington, Daniel H. O'Leary, David S. Siscovick, David J. Couper, Edward G. Lakatta, Eran Halperin, Eric Boerwinkle, Eva\u2010Maria Stoegerer, Fernando Rivadeneira, Florian Ernst, Gabriel P. Krestin, Georg Homuth, Gerardo Heiss, Gianluca Usala, Gon\u00e7alo R. Abecasis, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Haiqing Shen, H. Erich Wichmann, Helena Schmidt, Henry V\u00f6lzke, Ingrid B. Borecki, Hugh S. Markus, Jacqueline Witteman, James F. Wilson, Jan L\u00fcdemann, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Jennifer E. Huffman, Jens Baumert, Jerome I. Rotter, Joanne M. Murabito, Joachim Thiery, Jochen Seissler, Jorma Viikari, Joseph M. Massaro, Joseph F. Polak, Julie Cunningham, Joshua C. Bis, Kari North, Katja E. Petrovic, Kenneth Rice, Kent Taylor, L. Adrienne Cupples, Lawrence F. Bielak, Leena Peltonen, Lenore J. Launer, Mariza de Andrade, Manuela Uda, Marco Orru, Marcus D\u00f6rr, Mary F. Feitosa, Maryam Kavousi, Matthias Sitzer, Matthijs Oudkerk, Michael A. Province, Michael Nalls, Mika K\u00e4h\u00f6nen, Muredach P. Reilly, Nicole L. Glazer, Nora Franceschini, Norman Klopp, Olli Raitakari, Patricia A. Peyser, Philip A. Wolf, Qunyuan Zhang, Philipp S. Wild, Renate B. Schnabel, Roberto Elosua, Ralph B. D'Agostino Sr, Ravi Kumar Chilukoti, Reinhold Schmidt, Renate B. Schnabel, Sekar Kathiresan, Serena Sanna, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Shih\u2010Jen Hwang, Serkalem Demissie, Sigurdur Sigurdsson, Stephen M. Schwartz, Stefan Blankenberg, Steve Bevan, Suzette E. Elias\u2010Smale, Susan R. Heckbert, Tamara B. Harris, Tanja Zeller, Terho Lehtim\u00e4ki, Thomas Illig, Thomas M\u00fcnzel, Thor Aspelund, Timothy D. Howard, Udo Hoffmann, Ulf Schminke, Veikko Salomaa, Vijay Nambi, Vilmundur Gudnason, Yongmei Liu, Yan V. Sun, Wendy S. Post, Wolfgang Koenig, Wolfgang Rathmann, Xia Li and Yu\u2010Ching Cheng.This work was supported by NHLBI Intramural funds to O'Donnell and Johnson. Stephen Burgess is supported by a fellowship from the Wellcome Trust (100114).None.Data S1.Table\u00a0S1. Publications Included in the Observational Meta\u2010AnalysisTable\u00a0S2. SNPs Involved in the Genetic Risk Scores as Instrumental Variable for PAI\u20101Table\u00a0S3. Causal Effect of BMI on PAI\u20101Click here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Necrophagous blowflies can provide an excellent source of evidence for forensic entomologists and are also relevant to problems in public health, medicine, and animal health. However, access to useful information about these blowflies is constrained by the need to correctly identify the flies, and the poor availability of reliable, accessible identification tools is a serious obstacle to the development of forensic entomology in the majority of African countries. In response to this need, a high-quality key to the adults of all species of forensically relevant blowflies of Africa has been prepared, drawing on high-quality entomological materials and modern focus-stacking photomicroscopy. This new key can be easily applied by investigators inexperienced in the taxonomy of blowflies and is made available through a highly accessible online platform. Problematic diagnostic characters used in previous keys are discussed.The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00414-017-1654-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. The correct identification of necrophagous blowflies is pivotal to their use as evidence in forensic entomology  and is aAfrica is home to over a dozen species of necrophagous blowflies, several of which are found on other continents too , 6. The Chrysomya, keys, if available, do not cover the fauna of the whole continent and often are poorly illustrated Eyes of male with sharply demarcated and strikingly large upper facets Fig. d; frontoDistribution: Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Egypt, DR Congo, Kenya, Mali, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Zimbabwe.Eyes of male without demarcation between dorsal and ventral facets; fronto-orbital plate in female dark at least in upper part Fig. b, c ....7.Chrysomya laxifrons Eyes of male widely separated, frons at its narrowest point measuring 0.5 or more times eye width; frons of female subparallel, fronto-orbital plate with upper part black and lower part bright, reddish Fig. b .......Distribution: Cameroon, Central African Republic, DR Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Namibia, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zimbabwe.Chrysomya inclinata Eyes of male touching Dorsal surface of thorax shining green with little, evenly distributed dusting; gena reddish-yellowish in ground colour Fig. h; lower Distribution: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, DR Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Western Sahara, Zambia, Zimbabwe. The most common necrophagous blowfly in Africa.Dorsal surface of thorax with conspicuous whitish dusting, forming characteristic patterns of dusted and undusted surfaces Fig. j, k; gen9.Chrysomya chloropyga Presutural area of thorax with conspicuous black L-shaped marking on each side of midline, strongly white-dusted median vitta proceeding forwards from suture to front of thorax Fig. j; abdomeDistribution: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, DR Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.Chrysomya putoria Presutural area of thorax without conspicuous paired L-shaped markings, but with vague lateral dark spots, white-dusted median vitta extending forwards hardly halfway to front of thorax Fig. k; abdomeDistribution: Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, DR Congo, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.10.Calliphora vicina  [=C. erythrocephala ]Anterior part of genal dilation yellow to orange Fig. a; basicoMorocco, South Africa. Possibly occur in all countries of North Africa.Distribution: Algeria, Egypt, Anterior part of genal dilation uniformly black Fig. b, c; bas11.Calliphora vomitoria Hairs on genal dilation and postgena orange Fig. b, anteriMorocco. Erzin\u00e7lio\u011flu (1987) gives general information \u201cNorth Africa\u201d. Probably distributed in mountainous areas of North Africa.Distribution: Calliphora croceipalpis Jaennicke, 1867Hairs on genal dilation and postgena predominantly black Fig. c; anteriDistribution: DR Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe. Widespread from East to South Africa .12.Katatergite Metasternal area  setose; posterior slope of humeral callus with 6\u20138 hairs Fig. m; surfacDistribution: Algeria, Egypt, Lesotho, Libya, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe. Possible occurrence in all countries of the North Africa.Lucilia cuprina Metasternal area bare; posterior slope of humeral callus with 0\u20134 hairs Fig. n; surfacDistribution: Botswana, Cameroon, DR Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zimbabwe. Widespread in the Afrotropical Region .15.Hemipyrellia pulchra Third antennal segment bright orange Fig. l; eyes iDistribution: Egypt, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sudan. Widespread West to East Africa .Hemipyrellia fernandica Third antennal segment dark Fig. k; in malBenin, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria,? Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zimbabwe. Widespread in the Afrotropical Region [Distribution: l Region .Ch. inclinata, Ch. laxifrons, L. infernalis, H. pulchra, H. fernandica) and one obligate parasite of vertebrates (Ch. bezziana) that might affect some forensic cases.*The list of species of forensic importance was prepared for regions with well-studied faunas, usually based on information from human forensic cases or ecological succession studies of large-bodied carrion , 37, 38.Studies on regional African necrophagous faunas are scarce , 38 and L. cuprina and L. sericata and their possible hybrids, which has fortunately been deeply studied [The morphology and taxonomy of adult forms of common necrophagous blowflies is relatively well known, both worldwide and for African species , 30, 32. studied \u201359, espeCalliphora croceipalpis and C. vicina have never been put together in one key dedicated to adult forms [lt forms , 23, 24.lt forms , 6, 60 aChrysomya may also be confusing. In Ch. inclinata, Ch. laxifrons, and Ch. marginalis, the black veins and membrane of the margin of mature adults are obvious, easily observed, and quickly separate these species from other members of the genus, which lack pigment or, in some specimens of Ch. putoria . It is important to mention that two rare East African montane species with a darkened anterior wing margin are not included in the present key: it is likely but not yet certain that Ch. polymita (Villeneuve 1914) and Ch. vanemdeni (Zumpt 1953) breed in carrion [The darkened anterior wing margin in su Zumpt , 23), ha carrion , 30. The carrion .C. croceipalpis), \u201c\u2026 widespread Afrotrop. Reg.\u201d (H. fernandica), or \u201c\u2026 widespread mainland Afrotropical Region\u201d . On the other hand, Verves [Ch. albiceps, Ch. chloropyga, Ch. megacephala, L. infernalis, and H. fernandica) without any mention of the source of this information . Additi putoria , informanal data , 34. GenThis key will assist entomologists on the African continent to use flies in forensic cases and push forward the use of forensic entomology in Africa, as well as the fields of public health and human and veterinary medicine. Further taxonomic research should focus on the alternative morphological methods of identification of adult flies , 62 and ESM 1(PDF 865\u00a0kb)"}
+{"text": "Biomedicines would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016. The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Biomedicines, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Biomedicines in 2016:Abba, KatharineGonz\u00e1lez, V\u00edctor M.Quintarelli, ConcettaAlemany, RamonGunnarsson, AndersRabkin, Samuel DavidAndrianasolo, EricHanson, Robert N.Ram\u00edrez, ManuelAntignani, AntonellaHingorani, DinaRein, AlanArens, RamonHirata, KenjiRovero, PaoloAtkins, Gregory J.Hu, JinmingSamal, SibaBarbieri, FedericaJayant, Rahul DevSchwartz, Jean\u2013LouisBaum, Richard P.Jordan, V. CraigSerda, Rita ElenaBerkhout, BenKasoju, NareshSeymour, Len W.Borlak, J\u00fcrgenKobe, CarstenSherker, Averell H.Busardo, FrancescoKuehnel, FlorianSikora, AndrewCall, MindyKunjachan, SijumonSmerdou, CristianCapasso, RaffaeleLaFace, DrakeSousa, C\u00e9lia T.Casco-Robles, Martin M.Layer, Paul G.Tai, Dar-FuCerullo, VincenzoLeporatti, StefanoTa\u00efeb, DavidChuburu, Fran\u00e7oiseLeung, Chung-HangTanner, Julian A.Chudasama, VijayLi, QingliangTatullo, MarcoCornetta, KennethL\u00f6chelt, MartinV\u00e4h\u00e4-Koskela, MarkusCostantino, LucaLorenzi, VanninaValable, SamuelCrickmore, NeilLoskog, AngelicaVan Den Wollenberg, Diana J. M.Cripe, Timothy P.Lundstrom, KennethVankemmelbeke, MireilleDamour, OdileMacNeill, AmyVassilopoulos, GeorgeDas, SoumenMcfadyen, MoragVillalona-Calero, MiguelDavila, Marco L.Michel, Martin C.Wan, YonghongDelville, Marie-H\u00e9l\u00e8neMirsayar, MirMiladWu, LianfengDingermann, TheodorNakagawa, YoshimiWujcik, EvanDonnelly, OliverNelson, Delia J.Yamada, AkiraGanesan, A.Nu\u00f1o, NataliaYan, GuangmeiGarc\u00eda-Mart\u00edn, Mar\u00eda L.Phyo, Aung PyaeZhou, Heshan SamGirb\u00e9s, Tom\u00e1sPuddu, Paolo EmilioThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "AbstractClinocerinae and 10 species in subfamily Hemerodromiinae) from the territory of Greece are summarized, including previously unpublished data and data on five newly described species . The new species are described and illustrated, the male terminalia of Clinoceramegalatlantica (Vaillant) are illustrated and the distributions of all species within Greece are listed. The aquatic Empididae fauna of Greece consists of 47 species, with the following described species reported for the first time: Cheliferaangusta Collin, Hemerodromiamelangyna Collin, Clinoceramegalatlantica, Kowarziaplectrum (Mik), Phaeobaliadimidiata (Loew), W. (Chamaedipsia) beckeri (Mik), W. (Philolutra) angelieri Vaillant and W. (P.) chvali Joost. A key to species of aquatic Empididae of Greece is provided for the first time. Information related to the European Ecoregions in which species were found is given. Compared to the other studied countries in the Balkans, the Greek species assemblage is most similar to that of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.All records of aquatic dance flies (37 species in subfamily  Empididae (Diptera) comprise the subfamilies Clinocerinae and Hemerodromiinae. Larvae mostly live in aquatic habitats and both larvae and adults are predators, primarily feeding on Simuliidae . For the purpose of determination, male terminalia were dissected, boiled in 10% KOH and afterwards neutralized with acetic acid, rinsed in water and identified to species level; or they were macerated in hot 85% lactic acid and stored in 80% ethanol along with the remaining body parts in the same tube. In the genitalia illustrations, only the sockets of the setae are shown on the epandrium; the setae are not drawn. All specimens listed in the material examined sections were collected by Bogdan Horvat, Ignac Sivec, Hans Malicky and Reinhard Gerecke. Taxonomic diversity is considered at the level of subfamily, genus, subgenus and species. The European Ecoregions are those of Limnofauna Europaea ; col. M. Ivkovi\u0107, University of Zagreb, Croatia (UZC); col. Empididae, Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Ljubljana, Slovenia (SMNH). Terms used for adult structures primarily follow those of 1 (as used in 1 (of McAlpine) is termed M4, whereas CuA2 is CuA, the anal cell is cell cua and the anal vein (A1+CuA2) is CuA+CuP. Homologies of the male terminalia follow those of Wiedemannia described herein will not be assigned to a subgenus because we consider current subgeneric concepts confused and mostly not monophyletic . Additional information is included in square  brackets. The repository of each type is given in parentheses. Secondary type data are abridged and listed alphabetically. This study is based on material housed in the following institutions: phyletic .Data analysis. A list of species was compiled from all specimen data .Wiedemannia is distinguished by the apically pointed unilobed cercus with small basal projection and a narrow pterostigma on the wings.This species of Male. Body length approx. 3.5 mm (holotype dissected prior to measurement), wing length 3.7 mm . Head in lateral view higher than long; gena narrow, nearly one-third height of eye. Frons short, broader than face. Face wide, with distinct carina on lower margin, bare, lacking setae. One pair of ocellar and one pair of vertical setae; about 5 distinct upper postoculars, subequal in size; lower postocular setae finer and merging PageBreakPageBreakwith longer setae on middle and lower occiput; many setulae present on vertex and between ocellar area. Antenna brownish; postpedicel and stylus minutely pubescent; pedicel slightly longer than scape; scape with complete circlet of subapical setae; postpedicel apically pointed; stylus nearly twice length of postpedicel; scape with setulae dorsally.PageBreaknd dorsocentral seta; 1 strong postpronotal seta and 1\u20134 short setulae; 2 notopleural setae and several setulae; 1 presutural supra-alar seta and many small anterior setulae; 1 postalar seta. Antepronotum with 1 pair of strong setae and 1 pair of smaller setae. Proepisternum with some fine setulae. Laterotergite with several fine, pale setulae. One pair of strong marginal scutellar setae; disc without setae.Scutum with pale central vitta between dorsocentral rows. Mesonotum with 5 dorsocentral setae, with short setulae intermixed. Acrostichal setae small and fine, biserial, extending to 21 and M2 with long stem vein proximal to M1+2 fork. CuA+CuP not visible. Pterostigma elongate, faint. Squama with setulae. Halter pale.Wing membrane clear, veins darker; 1 long basal costal seta, extending almost to humeral crossvein. Cell dm produced anteroapically. MLegs brownish; fore femur with two stronger anterior setae on apical fourth; uniformly covered with rows of small dark setulae. All coxae with longer setae anteriorly; fore coxae with several erect setae. Fore and mid femora ventrally with some longer setulae on proximal half, some longer than width of segment.Abdomen covered in small setae. Terminalia Figs , 7: hypaFemale. Unknown.The species is named after the Greek mythology character Iphigenia, the priestess of the Greek Goddess Artemis.Wiedemanniaiphigeniae sp. n. is known only from the type locality in Greece. The shape of the clasping cercus is similar to that of W.aerea Vaillant, 1967 (Pyrenees), but a distinct basal projection is lacking in the latter species.Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraEmpididaeIvkovi\u0107 & Sinclairsp. n.http://zoobank.org/F9A07ACC-BB76-4D11-8736-FDD2414413B739\u00b032'00\"N, 20\u00b012'00\"E.Greece: Epirus, Igoumenitsa, River Thiamis, Soulopoulo, Holotype \u2642 (in 80% ethanol), labelled: \u201cHOLOTYPE/ Wiedemannia// ljerkae IVKOVI\u0106 et SINCLAIR// GREECE, Epirus,/ Igoumenitsa, R. Thiamis,/ Soulopoulo// 39\u00b032'00\"N, 20\u00b012'00\"E, 30.iv.1989,/ leg. B. Horvat, I. Sivec\u201d (UZC). Paratypes: same data as holotype ; 2 \u2642, 16 \u2640, SMNH).GREECE: Central Greece, Etolia, Peristera, Agrinio, 1 km S of Perkos, 300 m, 38\u00b038'00\"N, 21\u00b045'00\"E, 24.iv.1990 (SMNH); Peloponnese, Kato PageBreakKlitoria, 450 m, 37\u00b050'00\"N, 22\u00b010'00\"E, 20.iv.1990 (SMNH); Peloponnisos, R. Kratis, 7 km N of Peristera, 600 m, 38\u00b005'00\"N, 22\u00b014'00\"E, 22.iv.1990 (SMNH); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kastria, 21.iv.1990 (UZC).Wiedemannia is distinguished by the cercus with two long finger-like processes and a rounded pterostigma on the wings.This species of Male. Body length 3.5\u20134.5 mm, wing length 4.0\u20134.3 mm . Head  and W.tricuspidata  (see 905) see , 1940.Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraEmpididaeIvkovi\u0107 & Sinclairsp. n.http://zoobank.org/61BC89BA-016F-43BC-A59F-BA5B5259EAD941\u00b024'24\"N, 24\u00b037'19\"E, 1400 m.Greece: Thrace, north of Dipotama, Holotype \u2642, labelled: \u201cGREECE: Thrace/ N of Dipotama/ 41\u00b024'24\"N, 24\u00b037'19\"E/ 23.v.1994; 1400 m/ leg. B. Horvat, I. Sivec\u201d; \u201cHOLOTYPE/ Wiedemannia/ nebulosa/ Ivkovi\u0107 & Sinclair\u201d . Paratypes: same data as holotype .Wiedemannia is distinguished by the faint clouding about crossveins and base of radial fork, shape of the clasping cercus and position of distiphallus on the phallic shaft.This species of Male. Body length 3.8\u20134.5 mm, wing length 5.2\u20135.3 mm . Head dark with brown frons and vertex, remainder of head with blue pruinescence; head higher than long; gena narrow, one-quarter height of eye. Frons short, broader than face. Face wide, with distinct carina on lower margin, bare, lacking setae. One pair of long ocellar setae and one pair of vertical setae; 6\u20137 distinct upper postoculars; lower postocular setae finer and merging with longer setae on middle and lower occiput; a few small setulae present on vertex and in ocellar area. Antenna brown; postpedicel and stylus minutely pubescent; scape longer than pedicel, with setulae dorsally; pedicel with complete circlet of apical setae; postpedicel apically pointed; stylus twice length of postpedicel.PageBreakseta. Antepronotum with 1 pair of strong setae. Proepisternum with some fine setulae. Katepisternum without setulae. Laterotergite with fine, pale setae. One pair of strong marginal scutellar setae; disc bare.Scutum dark brown with pair of faint black vittae between dorsocentral row and acrostichals and bluish stripe medially; prescutellar depression with blue pruinescence. Pleura clothed with blue pruinescence. Mesonotum with 5 pairs of dorsocentral setae without short setulae interspersed. Acrostichal setae short and fine, biserial, extending onto prescutellar depression; 1 strong postpronotal seta; 2 notopleural setae and several short setae; 1 presutural supra-alar seta and several small anterior setulae; 1 postalar 1 and M2 originating separately from cell dm. CuA+CuP in form of short streak. Pterostigma broad and elongate, very distinct. Squama with setulae. Halter yellowish brown.Wing membrane infuscate with darkening at apex of cell dm, radial fork and r-m crossvein; veins darker; 1 short basal costal seta ending before humeral crossvein. Cell dm produced anteroapically. MLegs mostly brown; fore femur with 2\u20133 strong anterior setae on apical quarter; uniformly covered with rows of small dark setulae. All coxae with longer setae anteriorly; fore coxa with 1\u20132 erect setae. Fore and mid femora ventrally with some longer setulae on proximal half.Abdomen concolourous with thorax, covered in short setae. Pruinescence darker on tergites than sternites. Terminalia Fig. : hypandrFemale. Similar to male. Terminalia: cercus short ovate and minutely pilose.nebulosus , in reference to the clouding about the crossveins.The species name is derived from the Latin Wiedemannianebulosa sp. n. is known only from the type locality in Greece. On the basis of the shape of the clasping cercus, this new species is similar to W.carpathica Vaillant, 1967 (eastern Carpathians), W.pyrenaica Vaillant, 1967 (Pyrenees) and perhaps W.wachtli .Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraEmpididaeIvkovi\u0107 & Sinclairsp. n.http://zoobank.org/BD1AFAB9-06BD-4BEC-A08F-F3D80E8FAFE038\u00b023'N, 21\u00b051'E.Greece: Etolia, River Mornos, Nafpaktos, Holotype \u2642 (in 80% ethanol), labelled: \u201cHOLOTYPE/ Wiedemannia// pseudoberthelemyi IVKOVI\u0106// et SINCLAIR/, GREECE, Etolia,// River Mornos,/ Nafpaktos,/ 38\u00b023'N, 21\u00b051'E, 23.iv.1990,// leg. B. Horvat, I. Sivec\u201d (UZC). Paratypes: same data as holotype .GREECE: Central Greece, Panaitoliko Mts., R. Tavropos, Kalesmeno, 300 m, 38\u00b056'N, 21\u00b040'E, 29.iv.1989 (SMNH); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Agia Soufia, 100 m, 38\u00b036'N, 21\u00b026'E, 24.iv.1990 (SMNH); PageBreakEtolia, Vardousia Mts., R. Evinos, Grammeni Oxia, 800 m, 38\u00b043'N, 22\u00b000'E, 28.iv.1990 (SMNH).Wiedemannia is distinguished by the long gena and the mitten-shaped clasping cercus, which is extremely similar to that of Wiedemannia (Chamaedipsia) berthelemyi Vaillant & Vin\u00e7on, 1987.This species of Male. Body length 3.5\u20134.1 mm, wing length 3.5\u20133.6 mm . Head  setulae. Laterotergite with fine, pale setae. One pair of strong marginal scutellar setae with many scattered setae on disc.1 and M2 originating together with short stem vein proximal to M1+2 fork. Vein CuA+CuP extremely faint. Pterostigma elongate, indistinct. Squama with setulae. Halter yellowish.Wing membrane infuscate, veins darker; 1 short basal costal seta ending before humeral crossvein. Cell dm produced anteroapically. Veins MLegs mostly brown; fore femur with 1 strong preapical anterior seta; uniformly covered with rows of small dark setulae. All coxae with longer setae anteriorly. Fore and mid femora ventrally with some longer setulae on proximal half.Abdomen concolourous with thorax, covered in short setae. Pubescence darker on tergites than sternites. Terminalia Fig. : hypandrFemale. Similar to male. Terminalia: cercus short ovate and minutely pilose.Wiedemannia (Chamaedipsia) berthelemyi because of the similarity of the clasping cercus with that of this species.The species name is derived from the name Wiedemanniapseudoberthelemyi sp. n. is known only from parts of Greece. This new species differs from W.berthelemyi on the basis of the truncate posPageBreakterior lobe of the clasping cercus (pointed in W.berthelemyi) and in having only a single preapical seta on the fore femur (2 in W.berthelemyi). The odd stout setae with multi-branched tips on the inner face of the clasping cercus were not noted by W.berthelemyi was not examined.W.angelieri Vaillant, 1967 (Pyrenees), W.vedranae Ivkovi\u0107 & Sinclair, 2014 , and W.queyrasiana Vaillant, 1956 (European Alps).Additional similar species that could be included in this group based on the shape of the clasping cercus include: Taxon classificationAnimaliaDipteraEmpididaeIvkovi\u0107 & Sinclairsp. n.http://zoobank.org/9DE403F2-5A28-4E6F-A485-A4D42308165DGreece: Central Greece, Etolia, Arta, Loutraki.HOLOTYPE \u2642, labelled: \u201cGREECE: Central Greece/ Etolia, Arta, Loutraki/ 16.iv.1990/ leg. B. Horvat, I. Sivec\u201d; \u201cHOLOTYPE/ Chelifera/ horvati/ Ivkovi\u0107 & Sinclair\u201d .A yellow-brown species with distinct, brown and rounded pterostigma, characterized in the male by dark brown cercus with elongate, slender forked process at mid-length, posteriorly tapered epandrium with stout inner setae and membranous distiphallus with two elongate lobes.Male. Body length 4 mm, wing length 3.6 mm. Head dorsoventrally flattened, dark brown; ocellar triangle dark brown; all setae whitish. Eyes iridescent black; narrowly separated on face. Face with thick, whitish pubescence. One pair of postocular setae and scattered fine setae on vertex. Occiput bearing scattered fine setulae; gena with rather dense short, downwardly directed whitish pile. Antenna whitish, with scape and pedicel bearing distinct short dorsal setulae; postpedicel about 1.5\u00d7 as long as wide, stylus much shorter than postpedicel.Thorax elongate; yellow, all setae yellowish. Mesonotum with pair of brown vittae, extending around prescutellar depression; small dark spot posterior to postpronotal lobe and larger dark spot near wing base. Holotype missing most thoracic setae.2+3 arched around it; fork of R4+5 less than 90\u00b0; cell r4 rather long, R5 nearly 2\u00d7 as long as R4. Halter pale.Wing (slightly damaged) membrane transparent, veins yellow; pterostigma dark, rounded, with RPageBreakFore femur with two rows of black ventral denticles and two rows of strong outer brownish-yellow ventral setae, with following chaetotaxy: 20 anteroventral denticles, 6 anteroventral spine-like setae, 21 posteroventral denticles, 6 posteroventral spine-like setae; denticles closely spaced and rows converging distally; posteroventral spine-like setae shorter distally. Fore tibia 0.6\u00d7 as long as fore femur, evenly curved with anteroventral row of short, spine-like setae; with apicoventral dark spur-like seta, longer than width of tibia. Mid and hind femora with anteroventral row of short, slender setae.Legs whitish yellow, apical two tarsal segments on all legs brown. Fore coxa about 8\u00d7 longer than wide with several pale dorsoapical setae. Fore femur slightly longer than fore coxa, more than 4\u00d7 longer than wide, evenly inflated, widest at middle. Abdomen yellow ventrally, brown dorsally, with pale setae most conspicuous on hind margin of posterior sternites. Terminalia Fig. : cercus Female. Unknown.Chelifera Macquart.The new species is named after the late Dr Bogdan Horvat, mentor of the first author, colleague and during his life a leading expert on the genus Cheliferahorvati sp. n. is known only from one site in Greece. The narrow pigmented and sclerotized apex of the distiphallus of C.horvati sp. n. is similar in C.concinnicauda Collin, 1927, C.diversicauda Collin, 1927, C.giraudae Vaillant, 1982 and C.subangusta Collin, 1961 (see 1961 see .Wiedemannia (Philolutra) hygrobia (Loew) is included in the key, although Greek records not confirmed)New records. Thrace, Samothrace, hygropetric zone of stream at the church of Kreminotissa (15).Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Greece. The male terminalia of this species are illustrated ; Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 13 km S of Gardiki (164); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Klepa (170); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Anthofito (174); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, R. Evinos, Kato Hrisovitsa, Diasellaki (183); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Agia Soufia (191); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Koutsopanneika (203); Peloponnese, tributary of R. Krathis, 7 km N of Peristera (215); Peloponnese, 2 km N of Peristera (216); Peloponnese, Ano Potames, Kalivitis (219).Clinocerastagnalis Literature references. Macedonia, Grevena, stream S of R. Aliakmon by Kamilas Pigi (Agnatha (las Pigi  (58); Malas Pigi  (61); Malas Pigi  (68); Eplas Pigi  (94); Ep(Agnatha  (105).New records. Thrace, N of Xanthi (18); Thrace, N of Dipotama, 1 (19); Thrace, N of Dipotama 3 (22); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, Skaloti (29); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi 1 (30); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, E of Mikromilia (35); Macedonia, Dit. Rodopi, Elatia forest (37); Macedonia, E of Mikroklisoura (38); Macedonia, N of Stavros (39); Macedonia, N of Agios Dimitrios (43); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., S of Elatohori (44); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Fteri (46); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., Fteri (47); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., W of Fteri (48); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Velventos (50); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 1 (51); Macedonia, Pieria Mts. 2 (52); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 3 (53); Macedonia, E of Velventos (54); Macedonia, Phalacro Mts., N of Livadero (55); Macedonia, Grevena, Milea (56); Macedonia, Grevena, 6 km S of Milea (57); Macedonia, Kastoria, Nestorio (62); Thessaly, Pieria Mts., S of Livadi (74); Thessaly, 5 km W of Palea Giannitsou (75); Thessaly, Deskati (76); Thessaly, S of Asprokklisia (78); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Agios Nikolaos (80); Thessaly, Trikala, Stournareika (81); Thessaly, Trikala, Kato Palagokaria (82); Thessaly, Trikala, 9 km PageBreakS of Chrisomilea (90); Epirus, Metsovo, Katara Pass (96); Epirus, Metsovo, R. Metsovitikos (99); Epirus, Metsovo, Lakmos Mts., Anthohori, (bellow rapid river) (100); Epirus, Metsovo, Lakmos Mts., Anilio (15 km S influx) (102); Epirus, Metsovo, 14 km W of Milea (103); Epirus, Ioannina, R. Zagoritikos, Karies (106); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, Ioannina, R. Voidomatis, Aristi (112); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Ieraklia (145); Central Greece, Oeta Mts., between Kastanea and Katafygio (147); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 5 km N of Grammeni Oxia (153); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., R. Evinos, Grammeni Oxia (154); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 9 km N of Grammeni Oxia (155); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 7 km N of Grammeni Oxia (156); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 2 km W of Gardiki (166); Central Greece, Tymfristos Mts., R. Sperhios, Lamia (168); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Klepa (170); Central Greece, Karpenisi, Agios Nikolaos (175); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, tributory of R. Evinos, 6 km N of Pokista (176); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Pavliani (192); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., Palagohori (199); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Koutsopanneika (203); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, 7 km N of Peristera (214); Peloponnese, tributary of R. Krathis, 7 km N of Peristera (215); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, Peristera (217); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Zarouhla (220); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Xelmos (bellow), Valtos, Zarelia (221); Peloponnese, Pagrati (225); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kastria (226); Peloponnese, Kato Klitoria (227); Peloponnese, Labia Mts., Amigdalia (229); Peloponnese, R. Piro, Elliniko (230); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., tributory of R. Selinous, Leontio (231); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Lechouri (233); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Veteika (234); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Kato Vlasia (235); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Kounaveika (near village) (236); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Profitis Ilias (239); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Stavrohori, Eliniko (241); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., S of Spartia (243); Peloponnese, Stavrodromi (245); Peloponnese, Abelokipi (246); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Kristalovrisi (stream) (248).Clinocerellasiveci Literature references. Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Klepa ; C., Klepa  (191); C., Klepa  (202); C., Klepa  (203); P., Klepa  (216); P., Klepa  (223); P., Klepa  (236); P., Klepa  (248); P., Klepa  (249).PageBreakDolichocephalacretica Wagner, 1995Literature references. Crete, stream near Kotsifiana (tsifiana  (257).Dolichocephalaguttata Literature references. Crete, E of Ierepetra (erepetra  (251).New records. Thrace, Sapka Mts. 1 (6); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, N of Dipotama 3 (26); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 1 (51); Macedonia, Pieria Mts. 3 (53); Epirus, N of Katarapass, 1 km SW Milea (95); Epirus, Metsovo, Katara Pass (96); Cyclades islands, Andros (206); Peloponnese, 2 km N of Peristera (216); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., 4 km S of Solos (218); Peloponnese, Ano Potames, Kalivitis (219).Dolichocephalaocellata Literature references. North Aegean islands, Lesbos, 3 km NW of Agiasos ( Agiasos  (130); N Agiasos  (140); C Agiasos  (251).New records. Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Agia Soufia (191).Dolichocephalavaillanti Wagner, 1995Literature references. Crete, stream near Sises (ar Sises  (252).Dolichocephalazwicki Wagner, 1995Literature references. North Aegean islands, Lesbos, 3 km NW of Agiasos ( Agiasos  (130).New records. Cyclades islands, Andros (206).Kowarziabarbatula Literature references. Thrace ; Ma. Thrace  (69); No. Thrace  (127); N. Thrace  (131); N. Thrace  (136); N. Thrace  (137); N Keramos  (138); N Keramos  (139); N Keramos  (140); C Keramos  (142).New records. Thrace, W of Mega Derio (2); Thrace, Lesitse Mts. (3); Thrace, Sapka Mts., 1 (6); Thrace, 3 km N of Alexandroupoli (7); Thrace, Sapka Mts. 2 (8); Thrace, Sapka Mts., Nea Sanda 2 (10); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E od Drimi (11); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, N of Dipotama 1 (21); Thrace, N of Dipotama 4 (23); Thrace, N of Dipotama 5 (24); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 2 streams on Ritini (42); Macedonia, N of Agios Dimitrios (43); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., S of Elatohori (44); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Fteri (46); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 1 (51); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 2 (52); Macedonia, Phalacro Mts., N of Livadero (55); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Ano Chora (169); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Klepa (170); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Simos (180); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Prousos (186); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Chaliki, Nerosirtis (188); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kalivia (223); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., S of Spartia (243).Kowarziabipunctata Literature references. North Aegean islands, Lesbos, 2 km N of Akrassi ( Akrassi  (132); N Akrassi  (134); N Akrassi  (135); C Akrassi  (250); C Akrassi  (253); C Akrassi  (254).New records. Thrace, 3 km N of Alexandroupoli (7); Thrace, Sapka Mts., Nea Sanda, 2 (10); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Agia Soufia (191); Central Greece, Etolia, Arta, Loutraki (197); Peloponnese, village Akrata (210); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kalivia (223); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Stavrohori, Eliniko (241); Peloponnese, Abelokipi (246).Kowarziamadicola New records. Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Stavrohori, Eliniko (241).Kowarziaplectrum New records. Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Velventos (50); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 1 (51); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 2 (52); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110).Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Greece.PageBreakPhaeobaliadimidiata New records. Thrace, N of Dipotama 3 (22); Thrace, N of Dipotama 4 (23); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, N of Dipotama 2 (25); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Fteri (46); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., Fteri (47); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., W of Fteri (48); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Velventos (50); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 2 (52).Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Greece.Roederiodesmalickyi Wagner, 1981Literature references. Crete, Xyloskalon .Wiedemannia (Chamaedipsia) aequilobata Mandaron, 1964New records. Epirus, Lakmos Mts., 10 km S of Anilio (101).Wiedemannia (Chamaedipsia) ariadne Wagner, 1981Literature references. Cyclades islands, Naxos, S of Koronis ( Koronis  (207); C Koronis  (208).Wiedemannia (Chamaedipsia) beckeri New records. Thrace, Rodopi, N of Dipotama 1 (21); Thrace, N of Dipotama 3 (22); Thrace, Rodopi, N of Dipotama 3 (26); Thrace, N of Sidironero 1 (31).Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Greece.Wiedemannia (Chamaedipsia) lota Walker, 1851Literature references. Macedonia, Olympus Mts. above Agios Dyonysos, Prionia ( Prionia  (41); Do Prionia  (204).New records. Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, Drimi (12); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E of Gratini 1 (13); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E of Gratini 2 (14); Thrace, 8 km N of Sminthi (17); Thrace, N of Xanthi (18); Thrace, N of Dipotama 1 (19); Thrace, N of Dipotama 3 (22); Macedonia, N of Stavros (39); Macedonia, R. Mavroneri, 10 km W of Katerini (40); Macedonia, S of Agios Dimitrios (45); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Fteri (46); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 2 (52); Macedonia, E of Velventos (54); Macedonia, Kastoria, Nestorio (62); Macedonia, Kastoria, Grammos Mts., 7 km S Chrisi PageBreak(64); Thessaly, S of Kallithea (73); Thessaly, Pieria Mts., S of Livadi (74); Thessaly, Deskati (76); Thessaly, Trikala, Longiai (77); Thessaly, S of Asprokklisia (78); Epirus, Ioannina, R. Zagoritikos, Karies (106); Epirus, Konitsa, Asimohori (109); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, S of Seriziana (111); Epirus, W of Kriopigi (114); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Epirus, Mirsini (117); Epirus, R. Kokitos, W of Gardiki (119); Epirus, Igoumenitsa, R. Thiamis, Soulopoulo (122); Epirus, Ioannina, Balndouma (124); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Ieraklia (145); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Paleovraha (151); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, 9 km S of Krokilio (152); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 5 km N of Grammeni Oxia (153); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., R. Evinos, Grammeni Oxia (154); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Terpsithea (158); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, R. Mornos, Limnitsa (159); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 6 km S of Lefkada (162); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 13 km S of Gardiki (164); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Pougkakia (165); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 2 km W of Gardiki (166); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., R. Evinos, Klepa (171); Central Greece, Etolia, R. Mornos, Nafpaktos (177); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., R. Evinos, Agios Dimitros (178); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Peristra, 1 km S of Perkos (182); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts. R. Trikeriotis, Dermatio (185); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., Potamoula (190); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Pavliani (192); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Ahlavokastro (196); Central Greece, Etolia, Arta, Loutraki (197); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Koutsopanneika (203); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, Voutsimos (211); Peloponnese, 3 km N of Agia Varvara (213); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, 7 km N of Peristera (214); Peloponnese, tributary of R. Krathis, 7 km N of Peristera (215); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, Peristera (217); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kalivia (223); Peloponnese, Pagrati (225); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kastria (226); Peloponnese, Kato Klitoria (227); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Xelmos (above) (228); Peloponnese, R. Piro, Elliniko (230); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., tributory of R. Selinous, Leontio (231); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Leontio (232); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Lechouri (233); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Veteika (234); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Kato Vlasia (235); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Kounaveika (near village) (236); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Profitis Ilias (239); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Stavrohori, Eliniko (241); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Souli (242); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Manesi (244); Peloponnese, E of Olympia (247).Wiedemannia (Eucelidia) zetterstedti Literature references. Thrace ; Ma. Thrace  (41); Ep. Thrace  (113); N. Thrace  (125); N. Thrace  (126); Nalochori  (129); Nalochori  (133); Calochori  (142); Calochori  (143); Calochori  (146); Calochori  (201); Calochori  (208); Palochori  (209); Lalochori  (258).New records. Thrace, E of Mega Derio (1); Thrace, N of Avas (5); Thrace, Sapka Mts. 1 (6); Thrace, Sapka Mts. 2 (8); Thrace, Sapka Mts., Nea Sanda 1 (9); Thrace, Sapka Mts., Nea Sanda 2 (10); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E od Drimi (11); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, Drimi (12); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E of Gratini 1 (13); Thrace, Miki (16); Thrace, 8 km N of Sminthi (17); Thrace, N of Xanthi (18); Thrace, N of Dipotama 1 (19); Thrace, N of Dipotama 2 (20); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, N of Dipotama 1 (21); Thrace, N of Dipotama 3 (22); Thrace, N of Dipotama 5 (24); Thrace, S of Dipotama (27); Thrace, S of Silli (28); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, Skaloti (29); Thrace, W of Sidironero (34); Thrace, Rodopi, E of Mikromilia (35); Macedonia, E of Mikroklisoura (38); Macedonia, N of Stavros (39); Macedonia, R. Mavroneri, 10 km W of Katerini (40); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 2 streams on Ritini (42); Macedonia, N of Agios Dimitrios (43); Macedonia, S of Agios Dimitrios (45); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Fteri (46); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., Fteri (47); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., W of Fteri (48); Macedonia, W of Daskio (49); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 1 (51); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 2 (52); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 3 (53); Macedonia, Phalacro Mts., N of Livadero (55); Macedonia, Grevena, 6 km S of Milea (57); Macedonia, Kozani, Polilako (Paraveti), Neapolis (59); Macedonia, Smokilas Mts., main stream near the bridge, 2 km E of Agia Paraskevi (63); Thessaly, Ossa Mts., stream Apataniana (71); Thessaly, S of Kallithea (73); Thessaly, Deskati (76); Thessaly, S of Asprokklisia (78); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Agios Nikolaos (80); Thessaly, Trikala, Kato Palagokaria (82); Thessaly, Kalambaka, 5 km E of Paleochori (83); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Trigona (85); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Koridallos (86); Thessaly, Trikala, Arta, Pahtouri (87); Thessaly, Kalambaka, 4 km S of Ambelia (91); Epirus, Metsovo, 14 km S of Milea (92); Epirus, Metsovo, R. Metsovitikos (99); Epirus, Metsovo, Lakmos Mts., Anthohori, (bellow rapid river) (100); Epirus, Ioannina, R. Zagoritikos, Karies (106); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, S of Seriziana (111); Epirus, Ioannina, R. Voidomatis, Aristi (112); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Epirus, Kanallaki, Skepaston (116); Epirus, Mirsini (117); Epirus, R. Aheron, Gliki (118); Epirus, R. Kokitos, W of Gardiki (119); Epirus, Igoumenitsa, R. Thiamis, Soulopoulo (122); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Ieraklia (145); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Mousonitsa (149); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Athanasios Diakos (150); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Paleovraha (151); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, 9 km S of Krokilio (152); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 7 km N of Grammeni Oxia (156); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, R. Mornos, Limnitsa (159); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Elato (161); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Pougkakia (165); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 2 km W of Gardiki (166); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia PageBreakMts., Grigorio (167); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Ano Chora (169); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Klepa (170); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., R. Evinos, Klepa (171); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 3 km W of Kryoneri (172); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Kato Chora (173); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Anthofito (174); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, tributory of R. Evinos, 6 km N of Pokista (176); Central Greece, Etolia, R. Mornos, Nafpaktos (177); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Simos (180); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Pokista (181); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Peristra, 1 km S of Perkos (182); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, R. Evinos, Kato Hrisovitsa, Diasellaki (183); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Chaliki, Ladikon (187); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Agia Soufia (191); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Pavliani (192); Central Greece, Etolia, Giona Mts., Sikia (194); Central Greece, Oeta Mts., stream Valorema, Pavliani (195); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Ahlavokastro (196); Central Greece, Etolia, Arta, Loutraki (197); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., Palagohori (199); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Avrorema bridge (200); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., 3 km N of Hani Lioliou (202); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Koutsopanneika (203); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., 2 km S of Zarouchla (212); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Zarouhla (220); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kalivia (223); Peloponnese, Kato Klitoria (227); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., tributory of R. Selinous, Leontio (231); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Lechouri (233); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Veteika (234); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Kounaveika (near village) (236); Peloponnese, E of Olympia (247).Wiedemannia (Philolutra) angelieri Vaillant, 1967New records. Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Athanasios Diakos (150).Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Greece.Wiedemannia (Philolutra) chvali Joost, 1981New records. Thrace, N of Dipotama 3 (22); Thrace, N of Sidironero 1 (31).Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Greece.Wiedemannia (Philolutra) fallaciosa Literature references. Macedonia, Olympus Mts. above Agios Dyonysos, Prionia ( Prionia  (41); Ep Prionia  (113).New records. Thrace, E of Mega Derio (1); Thrace, Miki (16); Thrace, N of Dipotama 1 (19); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, Skaloti (29); Macedonia, R. Mavroneri, 10 km PageBreakW of Katerini (40); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., S of Elatohori (44); Macedonia, S of Agios Dimitrios (45); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Fteri (46); Macedonia, W of Daskio (49); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., 2 (52); Macedonia, E of Velventos (54); Macedonia, Grevena, Milea (56); Macedonia, Grevena, 6 km S of Milea (57); Macedonia, Kozani, Polilako (Paraveti), Neapolis (59); Macedonia, Grevena, R. Venetikos, Kipourio (60); Macedonia, Kastoria, Nestorio (62); Macedonia, Kastoria, Grammos Mts., 7 km S Chrisi (64); Macedonia, Kastoria, Grammos Mts., 6 km N Pefkofito (65); Thessaly, Deskati (76); Thessaly, S of Asprokklisia (78); Thessaly, Trikala, Moshofito, Avra (79); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Agios Nikolaos (80); Thessaly, Trikala, Stournareika (81); Thessaly, Trikala, Kato Palagokaria (82); Thessaly, Kalambaka, 5 km E of Paleochori (83); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Paleochori (84); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Trigona (85); Thessaly, Trikala, Arta, Pahtouri (87); Thessaly, Trikala, Arta, R. Ahelos, Kapsala (88); Thessaly, Trikala, Arta, Korifi (89); Epirus, Metsovo, 14 km S of Milea (92); Epirus, Metsovo, Lakmos Mts., Anilio (5 km S bellow river) (93); Epirus, Metsovo, 12 km W Milea (98); Epirus, Metsovo, R. Metsovitikos (99); Epirus, Metsovo, Lakmos Mts., Anthohori, (bellow rapid river) (100); Epirus, Lakmos Mts., 10 km S of Anilio (101); Epirus, Ioannina, Megalo Peristeri (104); Epirus, Ioannina, R. Zagoritikos, Karies (106); Epirus, Konitsa, Asimohori (109); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, Ioannina, R. Voidomatis, Aristi (112); Epirus, W of Kriopigi (114); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Epirus, Kanallaki, Skepaston (116); Epirus, Mirsini (117); Epirus, R. Kokitos, W of Gardiki (119); Epirus, Ioannina, Balndouma (124); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Ieraklia (145); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Stromi (148); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Mousonitsa (149); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Athanasios Diakos (150); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, 9 km S of Krokilio (152); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 5 km N of Grammeni Oxia (153); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., R. Evinos, Grammeni Oxia (154); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 9 km N of Grammeni Oxia (155); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 7 km N of Grammeni Oxia (156); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Terpsithea (158); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, R. Mornos, Limnitsa (159); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Elatovrisi (160); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Elato (161); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 6 km S of Lefkada (162); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Gardiki (163); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 13 km S of Gardiki (164); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Pougkakia (165); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 2 km W of Gardiki (166); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Grigorio (167); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Klepa (170); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., R. Evinos, Klepa (171); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 3 km W of Kryoneri (172); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Kato Chora (173); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Anthofito (174); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, tributory of R. Evinos, 6 km N of Pokista (176); Central Greece, Etolia, R. Mornos, Nafpaktos (177); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., R. Evinos, Agios Dimitros (178); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, 2 km N of Pokista (179); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Simos (180); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Pokista PageBreak(181); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Peristra, 1 km S of Perkos (182); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, R. Evinos, Kato Hrisovitsa, Diasellaki (183); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts. R. Trikeriotis, Dermatio (185); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Pavliani (192); Central Greece, Etolia, Giona Mts., Sikia (194); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Ahlavokastro (196); Central Greece, Etolia, Arta, Loutraki (197); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., Palagohori (199); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Avrorema bridge (200); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., 3 km N of Hani Lioliou (202); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Koutsopanneika (203); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, Voutsimos (211); Peloponnese, 3 km N of Agia Varvara (213); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, 7 km N of Peristera (214); Peloponnese, tributary of R. Krathis, 7 km N of Peristera (215); Peloponnese, 2 km N of Peristera (216); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, Peristera (217); Peloponnese, Ano Potames, Kalivitis (219); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Zarouhla (220); Peloponnese, Likouria (under the village) (222); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kalivia (223); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kastria (226); Peloponnese, Kato Klitoria (227); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Xelmos (above) (228); Peloponnese, R. Piro, Elliniko (230); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., tributory of R. Selinous, Leontio (231); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Leontio (232); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Lechouri (233); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Veteika (234); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Kato Vlasia (235); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Kounaveika (near village) (236); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Moira (237); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Moira (after village) (238); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Souli (242); Peloponnese, Abelokipi (246); Peloponnese, E of Olympia (247).Wiedemannia (Pseudowiedemannia) lamellata Literature references. Thessaly, Karya ; Noy, Karya  (128).New records. Thrace, Sapka Mts., Nea Sanda 1 (9); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E od Drimi (11); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, Drimi (12); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E of Gratini 1 (13); Thrace, 8 km N of Sminthi (17); Thrace, S of Silli (28); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, Skaloti (29); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi 1 (30); Thrace, N of Sidironero 1 (31); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi 2 (32); Thrace, N of Sidironero 2 (33); Thrace, W of Sidironero (34); Macedonia, N of Stavros (39); Macedonia, R. Mavroneri, 10 km W of Katerini (40); Macedonia, Phalacro Mts., N of Livadero (55); Macedonia, Kozani, Polilako (Paraveti), Neapolis (59); Thessaly, Trikala, Kato Palagokaria (82); Thessaly, Kalambaka, 5 km E of Paleochori (83); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Paleochori (84); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Koridallos (86); Epirus, Metsovo, Lakmos Mts., Anthohori, (bellow rapid river) (100); Epirus, Ioannina, R. Vardas, Abelos (123); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Ieraklia (145); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 7 km N of Grammeni Oxia (156); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 7 km S of Gardiki (157); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Terpsithea (158); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia PageBreakMts., 13 km S of Gardiki (164); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Pougkakia (165); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 2 km W of Gardiki (166); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., Megali Chora (193); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Avrorema bridge (200); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kalivia (223); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kastria (226); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., tributory of R. Selinous, Leontio (231); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Leontio (232); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Lechouri (233); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Veteika (234); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Kato Vlasia (235); Peloponnese, Panachaiko Mts., Kounaveika (near village) (236); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Manesi (244); Peloponnese, E of Olympia (247).Wiedemannia (Pseudowiedemannia) microstigma New records. Thessaly, Trikala, Kato Palagokaria (82); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Stromi (148).Wiedemannia (Roederella) czernyi Literature references. Macedonia, Chalkidiki, Chlomon Oros., Paleokastron, Vatonia P. 1 (nia P. 1  (66).New records. Thrace, E of Sapka Mts., big stream in the valley (4); Macedonia, Chalkidiki, Chlomon Oros., Paleokastron, Vatonia P. 2 (67).Wiedemannia (Wiedemannia) andreevi Joost, 1982New records. Thrace, S of Silli (28).Wiedemannia (Wiedemannia) bilobata Oldenberg, 1910Literature references. Macedonia, Olympus Mts. above Agios Dyonysos, Prionia ( Prionia  (42); Ce Prionia  (146).Wiedemannia (Wiedemannia) dinarica Engel, 1940New records. Epirus, Ioannina, R. Voidomatis, Aristi (112); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Epirus, R. Aheron, Gliki (118); Peloponnese, Likouria (under the village) (222); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Krinofita (224); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kastria (226); Peloponnese, Kato Klitoria (227).PageBreakWiedemannia (Wiedemannia) dyonysica Wagner, 1990Literature references. Macedonia, Olympus Mts. above Agios Dyonysos, Prionia ( Prionia  (41).Wiedemannia (Wiedemannia) graeca Vaillant & Wagner, 1990Literature references. Central Greece, Polydrosos (lydrosos  (144).New records. Thrace, Rodopi, Skaloti (29); Thessaly, Trikala, Stournareika (81); Thessaly, Kalambaka, 5 km E of Paleochori (83); Thessaly, Kalambaka, Paleochori (84); Thessaly, Trikala, Arta, R. Ahelos, Kapsala (88); Epirus, Metsovo, Lakmos Mts., 2 km S of Anilio (bellow left tributary) (97); Epirus, Metsovo, Lakmos Mts., Anthohori, (bellow rapid river) (100); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Stromi (148).Wiedemannia (Wiedemannia) tricuspidata New records. Thrace, S of Silli (28); Macedonia, Grevena, R. Venetikos, Kipourio (60); Macedonia, Kastoria, Grammos Mts., 7 km S Chrisi (64); Thessaly, Trikala, Longiai (77); Thessaly, Trikala, Kato Palagokaria (82); Epirus, Konitsa, R. Saradaporos, Drosopigi (108); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, R. Mornos, Limnitsa (159); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., R. Evinos, Klepa (171); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, tributory of R. Evinos, 6 km N of Pokista (176); Central Greece, Etolia, R. Mornos, Nafpaktos (177); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., R. Evinos, Agios Dimitros (178); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Peristra, 1 km S of Perkos (182).Wiedemaniaartemisa Ivkovi\u0107 & Plant, 2012Literature references. Thessaly, Trikala, Kato Palagokaria  (226); Peloponnese, Kato Klitoria (agokaria  (82); Thagokaria  (87); Thagokaria  (88); Thagokaria  (89); Epagokaria  (100); Eagokaria  (122); Cagokaria  (145); Cagokaria  (157); Cagokaria  (165); Pagokaria  (211); Pagokaria  (217); Pagokaria  (222); PKlitoria  (227); PKlitoria  (231); PKlitoria  (232); PKlitoria  (234); PKlitoria  (242).New records. Thessaly, Kalambaka, 4 km S of Ambelia (91); Epirus, Metsovo, Lakmos Mts., 2 km S of Anilio (bellow left tributary) (97); Epirus, Konitsa, Smolikas Mts., Pournia (107); Epirus, Mirsini (117); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Stromi (148); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Athanasios Diakos (150); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, 9 km S of Krokilio (152); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., R. Evinos, Grammeni Oxia (154); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 7 km N of Grammeni Oxia (156); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Terpsithea (158); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, R. Mornos, Limnitsa (159); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 13 km S of Gardiki (164); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., 2 km W of Gardiki (166); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Grigorio (167); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Kato Chora (173); Central Greece, Karpenisi, Agios Nikolaos (175); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, tributory of R. Evinos, 6 km N of Pokista (176); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Pokista (181); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Peristra, 1 km S of Perkos (182); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Prousos (186); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., Chaliki, Ladikon (187); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., Anatoliki Frangista (189); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Pavliani (192); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., Megali Chora (193); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Panaitoliko Mts., Houni (198); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Koutsopanneika (203); Peloponnese, 3 km N of Agia Varvara (213); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, 7 km N of Peristera (214).Wiedemanniaiphigeniae Ivkovi\u0107 & Sinclair, sp. n.Records. Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Krinofita (224).Wiedemannialjerkae Ivkovi\u0107 & Sinclair, sp. n.Records. Epirus, Igoumenitsa, R. Thiamis, Soulopoulo (122); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Peristra, 1 km S of Perkos (182); Peloponnese, Aroania Mts., Kastria (226); Peloponnese, Kato Klitoria (227).Wiedemannianebulosa Ivkovi\u0107 & Sinclair, sp. n.Records. Thrace, N of Dipotama 5 (24).PageBreakWiedemanniapseudoberthelemyi Ivkovi\u0107 & Sinclair, sp. n.Records. Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., R. Evinos, Grammeni Oxia (154); Central Greece, Etolia, R. Mornos, Nafpaktos (177); Central Greece, Panaitoliko Mts., R. Tavropos, Kalesmeno (184); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Agia Soufia (191).Cheliferaangusta Collin, 1927New records. North Aegean islands, Lesbos (141).Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Greece.Cheliferabarbarica Vaillant, 1982Literature references. Dodecanese islands, Rhodes, near Archipolis (chipolis  (205).Cheliferahorvati Ivkovi\u0107 & Sinclair, sp. n.Records. Central Greece, Etolia, Arta, Loutraki (197).Cheliferaprecabunda Collin, 1961New records. Thrace, Sapka Mts., 1 (6); Thrace, Dit. Rodopi, Skaloti (29); Thrace, Rodopi, E of Mikromilia (35); Macedonia, Pieria Mts., E of Velventos (50); Peloponnese, R. Krathis, 7 km N of Peristera (214).Cheliferaprecatoria Literature references. Crete, Georgioupolis (ioupolis  (255).Cheliferastigmatica Literature references. North Aegean islands, Samos, E of Pirgos (f Pirgos  (126).New records. Thrace, N of Sidironero 2 (33); Thessaly, Trikala, Kato Palagokaria (82); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Central Greece, Etolia, Vardousia Mts., Stromi (148); Central Greece, Etolia, Panaitoliko Mts., PageBreakR. Evinos, Klepa (171); Central Greece, Etolia, Agrinio, Peristra, 1 km S of Perkos (182); Central Greece, Etolia, Nafpaktos, Koutsopanneika (203); Peloponnese, Erymanthos Mts., Stavrohori, Eliniko (241); Peloponnese, E of Olympia (247).Cheliferatrapezina Literature references. North Aegean islands, Samos, E of Pirgos (f Pirgos  (126).Hemerodromiamelangyna Collin, 1927New records. Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115).Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Greece.Hemerodromiaoratoria Literature references. Peloponnese, Ano Kastritsi, stream .New records. Thrace, Lesitse Mts. (3); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E od Drimi (11); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, Drimi (12); Thrace, Miki (16); Thrace, 8 km N of Sminthi (17); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, W of Kriopigi (114); Epirus, Mirsini (117); Central Greece, Etolia, Lamia, Ieraklia (145).Hemerodromiaunilineata Zetterstedt, 1842Literature references. Thessaly, Portaria (Portaria  (70).New records. Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E od Drimi (11); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, Drimi (12); Thrace, Anatoliki Rodopi, E of Gratini, 1 (13); Thrace, 8 km N of Sminthi (17); Thrace, S of Silli (28); Thrace, W of Sidironero (34); Macedonia, E of Mikroklisoura (38); Macedonia, W of Daskio (49); Epirus, 10 km N of Louros (110); Epirus, R. Aheron, N of Gliki (115); Epirus, Mirsini (117); Epirus, R. Kokitos, Themelo (120); Epirus, Igoumenitsa, Thesprotia, R. Thiamis, Neohori (121).Species richness and assemblage composition. A total of 47 species of aquatic empidids are recorded from Greece , Clinocerella Engel (1 species), Dolichocephala Macquart (5 species), Kowarzia Mik (4 species), Phaeobalia (1 species), Roederiodes Coquillett (1 species) and PageBreakWiedemannia Zetterstedt (22 species). The subfamily Hemerodromiinae is represented by 10 species, in two genera: Chelifera (7 species) and Hemerodromia Meigen (3 species) (Table Clinocerinae genus Wiedemannia is most species rich (46.8%), followed by the Hemerodromiinae genus Chelifera (14.9%)  Fig. . The HelEmpididae fauna of Greece is most similar to that of FYR Macedonia followed by Bosnia & Herzegovina, whereas it is the least similar to that of Montenegro  beckeri, W. (Philolutra) angelieri and W. (P.) chvali from the subfamily Clinocerinae. They represent new country records. On the other hand, some species that are listed in Wiedemannia (Philolutra) hygrobia (Loew) because its presence has not been confirmed in Greece. However, it is possible that it does occur in Greece as it is present in surrounding countries  and Eastern Balkan (Ecoregion 7). The higher species richness is in the Hellenic Western Balkan Ecoregion, but the Eastern Balkan Ecoregion in Greece is much smaller, so this was an expected result. Greece supports at least 47 species, of which 10 are currently endemic to the country  graeca, W.iphigeniae, W.ljerkae, W.nebulosa, W.pseudoberthelemyi, Cheliferahorvati). The higher number of species recorded for Slovenia and the far fewer species recorded, for instance, in Montenegro, FYR Macedonia and Bosnia & Herzegovina should be viewed with caution. Slovenia was well studied   ariadne, W. (Pseudowiedemannia) microstigma, W. (Wiedemannia) dinarica and W.artemisa). Some species have a small area of distribution, occurring in just one or a few sites  graeca, W.iphigeniae, W.ljerkae, W.nebulosa and W.pseudoberthelemyi), and can be considered as Greek endemics.The Greek aquatic  Africa) . Most ofClinocerinae and Hemerodromiinae that have not been recorded in Greece and that might be present, as they occur in surrounding countries . Within Greece, most species were reported from the Hellenic Western Balkan Ecoregion; this was expected as this European Ecoregion covers most of the surface area of the country (There are still some genera of  country  and it i country . The che"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 36551; 10.1038/srep36551 published online: 11072016 updated: 01112017.This Article contains errors in the affiliations for Xin Qian, Jiao Du and Caiyun Chen, who were incorrectly listed as affiliated to \u201cDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P.R. China\u201d, \u201cZhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, 201-209 Hubin Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361004, P.R. China\u201d and \u201cDepartment of Respiratory Medicine,the First Hospital of Xi\u2032an City, Xi\u2032an, Shanxi, 710002, P.R. China\u201d respectively.The correct affiliation for all authors is given below:Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China."}
+{"text": "Pharmaceutics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016. The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Pharmaceutics, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Pharmaceutics in 2016:Ahadian, SamadKelly, Edward J.Popat, AmiraliAnraku, MakotoKhimyak, Y. Z.Rancan, FiorenzaAntipina, Maria N.Kinrys, GustavoRaviv, UriAriga, KatsuhikoKuang, HuihuiRaymond Naxing, XuB\u00e1cskay, Ildik\u00f3Lai, FrancescoRistori, SandraBansal, Arvind K.Lane, MajellaRosania, Gus R.Barcia, EmiliaLaurienzo, PaolaRyan, Michael C.Borup Jensen, SvendLee, JaehwiSandri, GiuseppinaBrandl, MartinLeporatti, StefanoScherlie\u03b2, ReginaBroutin, SophieLiu, FeiShahiwala, AliasgarBurkhart, David J.Loh, Xian JunShi, WenCallahan, Laura SmithLondon, Lucille\u0160kalko-Basnet, Nata\u0161aChauhan, HarshLowry, DeborahSkwarczynski, MariuszCheng, FeixiongLuppi, BarbaraSmolensky, Michael H.Chu, DafengMandal, BivashSugibayashi, KenjiCipolla, DavidMansour, Heidi M.Takeoka, ShinjiClark, MeredithMarte, AntonioTruong Phuoc, NghiaConnor, Thomas H.Matsuda, HiroshiTseng, Ching-LiConway, BarbaraMelucci, DoraUngaro, FrancescaDas, Diganta BhusanMerino, SoniaUpadhyay, Arun KumarDe Rosa, GiuseppeMiki, NorihisaVadlapudi, Aswani DuttElsebai, MahmoudMontenegro, LuciaVan den Mooter, GuyFei, Andrew Chang-YoungMonti, DanielaVani\u0107, \u017deljkaFirer, MichaelM\u00f6schwitzer, Jan P.Waldmeier, FelixFrielinghaus, HenrichNeubert, ReinhardWei, ChangyongFr\u00f6hlich, EleonoreObata, YasukoWeiss, Clemens K.Geyer, JoachimOhsedo, YutakaWillerth, Stephanie M.Hiorth, MarianneOkyar, AlperXi, WeixianHyun, Bae KiOlatunji, OloladeYallapu, Murali M.Jayant, Rahul DevPapadimitriou, Sofia A.Yan, QingJohann, DonaldParikesit, Arli AdityaYiannakopoulou, EugeniaKanaujia, ParijatPerrie, YvonneZhang, LiKathuria, HimanshuPoenie, MartinZucca, PaoloKeck, Cornelia M.Poglayen, GiovanniThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-11972-w, published online 18 September 2017Correction to: The original version of this Article contains errors in the spelling of the authors Stefan Sch\u00fclke, Kirsten Kuttich, Sonja Wolfheimer, Nadine Duschek, Andrea Wangorsch, Andreas Reuter, Peter Briza, Isabel Pablos, Gabriele Gadermaier, Fatima Ferreira, Stefan Vieths, Masako Toda & Stephan Scheurer, which were incorrectly given as Sch\u00fclke Stefan, Kuttich Kirsten, Wolfheimer Sonja, Duschek Nadine, Wangorsch Andrea, Reuter Andreas, Briza Peter, Pablos Isabel, Gadermaier Gabriele, Ferreira Fatima, Vieths Stefan, Toda Masako & Scheurer Stephan.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Material."}
+{"text": "AbstractBryozoa of the Greek seas had never been published and species records were scattered in several taxonomic and ecological studies. The aim of this paper is to produce a first checklist of marine bryozoan species of Greece, in the framework of the Greek Taxon Information System (GTIS) initiative of the LifeWatchGreece Research Infrastructure (ESFRI), by reviewing the existing literature and following the recent trends in the taxonomy of this group. \ufeffUntil today, a complete checklist of Gymnolaemata (177 Cheilostomatida and 21 Ctenostomatida), while the remaining 39 species are Stenolaemata . Among these species, 12 are considered endemic to the eastern Mediterranean, while another 12 species are non-indigenous.The marine bryozoan fauna of Greece comprises 237 species, classified in 127 genera, 66 families, 3 orders, and 2 classes. The vast majority belongs to the class  Bryozoa  yielded 101 species, including rare records and new species. Sharing only 47 cheilostomes with Harmelin\u2019s list mentioned above, this study increased the eastern Mediterranean bryozoan diversity by 54 species.Sporadic records of bryozoans from the Aegean Sea can be found in old taxonomic studies, including the descriptions of the cheilostome species e region , based ote 1960s , based oBryozoa however had never been published from Greece. The aim of the present study is to give a first annotated checklist of Bryozoa from the Greek seas.More recently, few taxonomic and ecological studies have focused on the bryozoan fauna of Greece e.g. , while aWorld List of Bryozoa (recent and fossil), the World Register of Marine Species (The checklist presented in this paper was compiled in the framework of the Greek Taxon Information System (GTIS), an initiative of the LifeWatchGreece Research e-Infrastructure aiming to produce a complete inventory of the known biodiversity of Greece Busk, 1884Reptoporellina, probably a mispelling), Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005Smitt, 1868Lamouroux, 1812Ganias 1990Waters, 1906Morri et al. 1999Morri et al. 1999Morri et al. 1999Vigneaux, 1949Jullien, 1888Ganias 1990Canu & Bassler, 1927Johnston, 1840\u200bMorri et al. 1999Morri et al. 1999Ganias 1990Johnston, 1840\u200bGanias 1990MacGillivray, 1895Canu & Bassler, 1917Morri et al. 1999Fischer, 1807Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014Canu & Bassler, 1917\ufeffS.rudis has been questioned by Stephanothecawatersi Reverter-Gil, Souto & Fernandez-Pulpeiro, 2012 and Schizomavellaadriatica Reverter-Gil, Souto, Novosel & Tilbrook, 2016 have been erected to allocate some records from the western Basin and the Adriatic, respectively. Nevertheless, records and material from the Aegean were not considered and hence they are provisionally still reported as S.rudis Schizomavella (Schizomavella) asymetricaCalyptothecatriarmata Hayward, 1974 S.auriculata, S.auriculatacuspidata and S.cuspidata possibly belong to this species.Ganias 1990SchizomavellalinearismamillataMorri et al. 1999Vigneaux, 1949Cossmann, 1906Bishop & Hayward, 1989Madurell, Zabala, Dom\u00ednguez-Carri\u00f3 & Gili, 2013Palmiskeneaaff.aviculifera), P.gautieri following Gray, 1848Gray, 1848Levinsen, 1909Oken, 1815NIBCastritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989Gray, 1848NIBAntoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005\u200bCastritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985Gray, 1848NIBNIBGanias 1990Norman, 1903Norman, 1903Canu & Bassler, 1927Gray, 1848Ganias 1990Ganias 1990Harmer, 1926Ganias 1990Ganias 1990Gordon, 1984Morri et al. 1999Canu, 1900Norman, 1903Fernandez Pulpeiro & Reverter Gil, 1993\u200bGanias 1990Osburn, 1940Ganias 1990Brown, 1948Chimenz, Nicoletti & Lippi Boncambi, 1997d'Orbigny, 1851Lamouroux, 1816Simboura et al. 1995Vieira, Spencer Jones & Winston, 2013Ganias 1990Hayward 1974Vieira, Spencer Jones, Winston, Migotto & Marques, 2014Ganias 1990Van Beneden, 1845Harmelin, 1969Ganias 1990Morri et al. 1999Waters, 1897Ganias 1990Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986aBusk, 1852Morri et al. 1999NIBMorri et al. 1999Fleming, 1828Ellis & Solander, 1786Lamouroux, 1816Ganias 1990Johnston, 1838Heller, 1867Heller, 1867Linnaeus, 1767Gray, 1848Morri et al. 1999Celleporahassalli), Morri et al. 1999\u200bMorri et al. 1999Alder, 1864Alder, 1864Ganias 1990Ryland, 1963Hayward, 1978Morri et al. 1999Gerovasileiou et al. 2015Hayward, 1978Busk, 1884Lamouroux, 1824\u200bMorri et al. 1999Vigneaux, 1949Hincks, 1879\u200bAntoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005Winston, 2005Osburn, 1940Ayari & Taylor, 2008Cigclisulaturrita)Levinsen, 1909Levinsen, 1909NIBHincks, 1879Jullien, 1886\u200bGanias 1990Jullien, 1886\u200bGanias 1990Jullien, 1886Ganias 1990Morri et al. 1999\u200bMorri et al. 1999Harmelin & Aristegui, 1987\u200bMorri et al. 1999Hayward 1974\u200bMorri et al. 1999Morri et al. 1999Vigneaux, 1949Canu & Bassler, 1925Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005d'Orbigny, 1851Gray, 1848Lamouroux, 1816Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005Gautier, 1954Ganias 1990Gregory, 1893Pieper, 1881\u200bGanias 1990Tilbrook, 2006Milne Edwards, 1836Zabala, Maluquer & Harmelin, 1993\u200bMorri et al. 1999Schizoporellavulgaris), S.vulgaris), Morri et al. 1999Gray, 1848Morri et al. 1999Canu & Bassler, 1917Ganias 1990David & Pouyet, 1978Berning, Tilbrook & Rosso, 2008Escharinaporosa), E.porosa), Berning et al. 2008\u200bHarmer, 1957Smitt, 1868\ufeff\ufeffMorri et al. 1999Duvergier, 1924NIBBassler, 1935Milne Edwards, 1836Celleporacoccinea), Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005Fleming, 1828Gray, 1848Barroso, 1949\u200bCastritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984Norman, 1903\u200bMorri et al. 1999Gordon in De Blauwe, 2009Levinsen, 1909\u200bMorri et al. 1999Winston, 2005Canu, 1919Gerovasileiou et al. 2015Levinsen, 1909Levinsen, 1909Cosciniopsis sp.), Ganias 1990\u200bNIBVigneaux, 1949Bishop & Hayward, 1989\u200bMorri et al. 1999Canu & Bassler, 1927Gautier, 1962Morri et al. 1999Busk, 1859Lamouroux, 1821Manzoni, 1870Jullien, 1888Levinsen, 1909Ganias 1990Harmer, 1957Harmer, 1957Hayward, 1974Ganias 1990Harmer, 1957Gray, 1843Ganias 1990Hincks, 1879Hincks, 1879Ganias 1990Jullien, 1888Morri et al. 1999Hincks, 1877NIBMicroporellaorientalis could belong to M.coronata This taxon corresponds to a complex of species . RecordeGray, 1848Jullien, 1888Morri et al. 1999Prenant & Bobin, 1966Hayward 1974Gray, 1848Ganias 1990Lamouroux, 1821Morri et al. 1999Morri et al. 1999Hincks, 1882Hincks, 1881Monoporellanodulifera and M.fimbriatacarinifera actually belong to this species, as suggested by Mediterranean specimens of Gray, 1841de Blainville, 1830\u200bGerovasileiou et al. 2015Jullien, 1882Jullien, 1882Ganias 1990\u200bGerovasileiou et al. 2015Neviani, 1895\u200bGanias 1990Jullien, 1882SmittiporaRectonychocella Harmelin 1969Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991Chimenz-Gusso & Soule, 2003Cleidochasma sp.), Cleidochasmaporcellanum)Busk, 1884Ganias 1990ReteporellagrimaldiiR.septentrionalis Ganias 1990Harmer, 1933Hayward, 1974Ganias 1990Hincks, 1895Ganias 1990Gautier, 1962\u200bGerovasileiou et al. 2015Zabala & Maluquer, 1988sen\ufeffsu Hayward, 1974Gregory, 1893Ganias 1990Ganias 1990Hincks, 1877Ganias 1990Duvergier, 1921Ganias 1990Vigneaux, 1949Jullien in Jullien & Calvet, 1903Ganias 1990Jullien, 1888Gray, 1848Geraci, 1974Norman, 1894Morri et al. 1999Canu & Bassler, 1925Levinsen, 1909Levinsen, 1909Morri et al. 1999Jullien, 1883Canu & Bassler, 1920Morri et al. 1999Hincks, 1877Ganias 1990Ganias 1990Hincks, 1886Ganias 1990Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005Levinsen, 1909Hincks, 1877Ganias 1990Levinsen, 1909Osburn, 1952NIBGanias 1990Gautier, 1962Ganias 1990Norman, 1903Porellacervicornis), P.cervicornis), Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014\u200bGanias 1990Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005Osburn, 1952Ganias 1990Hayward 1974Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005Jullien, 1903Norman, 1869Gordon, Tilbrook & Winston, 2005Levinsen, 1909Canu, 1904Hincks, 1880Hastings, 1944Morri et al. 1999Vigneaux, 1949Neviani, 1896Watersiporasubovoidea  probably belong to W.cucullata.Busk, 1852Johnston, 1838Lamouroux, 1813Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985Prouho, 1892Hincks, 1880Alder, 1857Alder, 1857\u200bGanias 1990d'Hondt, 1983Ehrenberg, 1838Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986bHincks, 1877Jebram, 1973\u200bMorri et al. 1999Hincks, 1851Hincks, 1851Morri et al. 1999Harmer, 1915Gosse, 1851Ganias 1990Gosse, 1855Morri et al. 1999Osburn & Soule, 1953Soule, 1951Morri et al. 1999Hincks, 1880Lamouroux, 1812Morri et al. 1999NIBGanias 1990Ganias 1990Morri et al. 1999Calvet, 1911Morri et al. 1999Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986bLamouroux, 1824Ganias 1990NIBConides et al. 1999Hincks, 1880Saville-Kent, 1870Saville-Kent, 1870Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986bHincks, 1880Fleming, 1823Heller, 1867Morri et al. 1999Ganias 1990Borg, 1926Busk, 1852Hayward & Ryland, 1985Hayward & Ryland, 1985Stomatoporamajor), S.major), Morri et al. 1999\u200bHarmelin, 1976Ganias 1990Harmelin, 1976Harmelin, 1976Johnston, 1838Lamouroux, 1812Ganias 1990Milne Edwards, 1838Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986bGanias 1990Harmelin, 1990Crisia sp. II), Harmer, 1891Simboura et al. 1995Waters, 1916Simboura et al. 1995Reuss, 1869Canu, 1918Busk, 1875Link, 1807Frondiporagracilis), Gerovasileiou et al. 2015Smitt, 1867Lamouroux, 1821Lamouroux, 1821Simboura et al. 1995Smitt, 1867Gray, 1848D.alboranensis Alvarez, 1992; all records need to be validated. Recorded by Lichenoporahispida), Gray, 1848\u200bAntoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005Ganias 1990Canu, 1918Canu, 1918\ufeff'M\ufefficroecia'occulta See Rosso et al. (2010)Canu, 1918Canu & Bassler, 1922Entalophorarugosa), Ganias 1990Canu & Bassler, 1920Harmelin, 1976Harmelin, 1976Canu, 1918DiplosolenobeliusD.obelius for this species has been proposed by obelium' and 'obelia', used inconsistently in the literature to ensure accordance to the gender of the genus name. The use of the name Morri et al. 1999Canu, 1918Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005Harmelin, 1976Ganias 1990Canu & Bassler, 1920Jullien, 1883Johnston, 1838Brood, 1976Harmelinoporaindistincta See Ganias 1990Canu & Bassler, 1920Harmelin, 1976Idmidroneacoerulea See Idmidroneatriforis See Idmidroneaatlantica), I.atlantica)Canu & Bassler, 1920Harmelin, 1976Morri et al. 1999Lamarck, 1816Harmelin, 1976Ganias 1990Ganias 1990Thompson in Harmer, 1898Morri et al. 1999Harmelin, 1976Gymnolaemata, comprising 198 species (177 Cheilostomatida and 21 Ctenostomatida) and the remaining 39 species are Stenolaemata . The families with the highest number of species belong to Cheilostomatida, and are Phidoloporidae (16 species), Celleporidae (14 spp.), Bugulidae (12 spp.), Calloporidae (12 spp.), Smittinidae (11 spp.), Candidae (10 spp.), and Cribrilinidae (10 spp.). These families are the most speciose in the Mediterranean Sea as well  and I.coerulea Harmelin, 1976, allocated within the genus Idmidronea Canu and Bassler, 1920 and not Exidmonea David, Mongereau and Pouyet, 1972; 'Microecia' occulta , provisionally left in its former allocation because the characters of the species differ from those of the genus Oncousoecia Canu, 1918 that has been suggested for its allocation . The taxon Rhynchozoon sp. 1 sensu Hayward, 1974 described from Chios Island, was retained in the checklist following extensive lists by All species included in the checklist are recognized in the World List of A number of taxa were omitted from the present checklist Table  for diffCheilostomatida, 36.8% of the Ctenostomatida and 52% of the Cyclostomatida species, based on the recent update by The bryozoan fauna of the Greek seas makes up 42.7% of the species, 59.9% of the genera and 71% of the families of the Mediterranean bryozoan fauna, specifically 41.7% of the Adeonellapallasii, Calyptothecarugosa, Celleporaposidoniae, Hippopodinaambita, Hippoporidrapicardi, Monoporellabouchardii, Plesiocleidochasmamediterraneum, Reteporellinadelicatula, Retevirgulaakdenizae, Smittiporadisjuncta, Thereniarosei and Turbicelleporacamera. Of these, 5 species were first described from the island of Chios based on material collected by Hayward , H.picardi was described from the Gulf of Thessaloniki, while R.akdenizae was described from the Turkish coasts of the Aegean Sea. The cheilostome Hippaliosinadepressa, which was described from the Aegean Sea, is considered more typical of the eastern Mediterranean basin, including the Sicily Strait, the western Ionian and south Adriatic seas , also reported from northern Catalonia , also reported from the western Ionian Sea .Interestingly, three of the bryozoans recorded from Greece are typical of the North Atlantic  and haveatalonia , Escharinian Sea , and AnaAmathiagracillima and A.verticillata and the cheilostomes Bugulaneritina, Bugulinafulva, Crepidacanthapoissonii, Crisulariaplumosa, C.serrata, Exechonellaantillea, Hippopodinafeegeensis, Microporellacoronata, Parasmittinaraigii, and Scrupocellariascruposa.The recent introduction of non-indigenous species, mostly lessepsian migrants, over the last decades, has considerably increased the number of bryozoans occurring in the Mediterranean Sea . StudiesBryozoans from the Greek seas were reported from a variety of habitats, including soft sediments, seagrass leaves and rhizomes, macroalgae, coralligenous concretions and, to a smaller extent, from marine caves. Further research on bryozoan diversity in understudied habitats, typically species-rich in bryozoans , is expected to increase our knowledge, possibly revealing additional new and non-indigenous species.Supplementary material 1Bryozoa of GreeceChecklist of Marine \ufeffData type: Taxonomic checklistBryozoa known to occur in the Greek seas.Brief description: Taxonomic checklist of File: oo_104057.xlsVasilis Gerovasileiou, Antonietta Rosso"}
+{"text": "CrystalPredictor II code: adaptive Local Approximate Models (LAMs). This improvement allows the most efficient use of computational effort to cover a flexible molecule\u2019s conformational space, and is illustrated with a crystal structure prediction (CSP) investigation into the sixth blind test molecule 26.This article describes an important improvement in the  CrystalPredictor II [Habgood et al.  placement. The entire search space of the relevant molecule\u2019s conformations is initially evaluated using a coarse, low accuracy grid. Additional LAM points are then placed at appropriate points determined via an automated process, aiming to minimize the computational effort expended in high-energy regions whilst maximizing the accuracy in low-energy regions. As the size, complexity and flexibility of molecules increase, the reduction in computational cost becomes marked. This improvement is illustrated with energy calculations for benzoic acid and the ROY molecule, and a CSP study of molecule (XXVI) from the sixth blind test [Reilly et al.  methods requires a fine balance between accuracy and computational cost, particularly for the study of large flexible molecules. A major improvement in the accuracy and cost of the intramolecular energy function used in the  al. 2015. J. Chem al. 2016. Acta Cr Because of the significant effect that crystal structure has on solid-state properties, such as colour, solubility and hygroscopicity, such a ranked list offers a wealth of information and many opportunities to improve the development of new crystalline materials , and the extent of the search for low-energy minima across the entire free-energy surface. In view of this, most CSP techniques use a broadly two-stage methodology: a first-stage global search that is used to search for low-energy structures on the lattice energy surface using a relatively low-cost, less accurate lattice energy model; and a second-stage refinement that takes the most promising structures from the first stage and re-ranks them via local energy minimization, using a more accurate and computationally demanding lattice energy model. All the successful predictions in the sixth blind test ; therefore, the efficiency of the lattice energy model is very important. Moreover, since only a relatively small proportion  of the lowest-energy structures identified will be passed for refinement to the second stage, the lattice energy model employed by the first stage also needs to be sufficiently accurate not to exclude any potential polymorphs from further consideration.In order to identify all potential low-energy polymorphs, the first stage must perform an extensive search  of the lattice energy surface over sufficiently wide ranges of the lattice energy model variables  an electrostatic term, ab initio calculations, and (b) a repulsion/dispersion term, et al., 1981et al., 1996i.e. in vacuo, with all internal degrees of freedom allowed to vary). To avoid expensive repeated ab initio calculations for the evaluation of the terms CrystalPredictor to obtain a low-cost approximation of these energies at any point. The two versions of CrystalPredictor differ in how the approximation is constructed. In CrystalPredictor II, the intramolecular energy at some value A and C and the vector b are given by  from the sixth blind test.A motivating example for the development of an improved algorithm is introduced in \u00a722.CrystalPredictor were deployed by two of the participating groups, in combination with CrystalOptimizer, to identify Z\u2032 = 1 structures. This approach resulted in the identification of the known experimental structures within the predicted energy landscapes in most cases. However, in the case of molecule (XXVI), shown in Fig. 1CrystalPredictor II.The recent blind test on crystal structure prediction methods, organized by the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, sought to evaluate the capabilities of current computational methods in predicting the crystal structures of organic molecules. Five targets were chosen, representing challenges to the crystal structure prediction community. The two versions of et al.  contains the common 1,1\u2032-binaphthalene fragment, which can feature axial chirality, although no chiral precursors were present in the synthesis. As reported by Reilly  al. 2016, there aet al., 2016CrystalPredictor I and CrystalOptimizer by the Price et al. group successfully led to the identification of form (1) as the lowest energy structure in the final landscape. The use of CrystalPredictor I, however, required making severe assumptions on flexibility to limit the computational cost; as is usually done with CrystalPredictor I when there are many flexible degrees of freedom, the flexible torsion angles were divided into three groups . This approach has been successful in other investigations  made use of CrystalPredictor II is to also evaluate the intramolecular energies at the edges of the search space; if these are found to be lower than a user-specified threshold , the search space is expanded. In the case of molecule (XXVI), this investigation identified energies lower than 10\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121 on the boundaries of the domains for torsions T3 and T5, and therefore these domains would normally have to be expanded quite significantly. However, a larger regular grid with the domain of the two key torsions extended by the necessary 120\u00b0 would involve 11\u2005858 LAMs, and their construction would require approximately 910\u2005000 CPU\u2005h. As this was impracticable within the time constraints of the blind test, it was decided not to extend the search beyond the domains indicated in Table 1Our normal practice in the applications of As indicated in Table 13.This section presents an adaptive algorithm that automatically positions LAMs at points in the search domain of the independent degrees of freedom, where necessary to ensure the required degree of accuracy. Firstly, the revised algorithm for generating new LAMs is summarized in \u00a73.13.1.The basic idea of the adaptive LAM placement algorithm proposed in this paper is to take an existing set of LAMs placed over the search domain of the independent conformational degrees of freedom Establishing the exact error of the approximation provided by a LAM at a particular point i.e.M, there are two additional conditions we need to consider. First, it is unnecessary to generate a LAM at point M if the latter is unlikely to be inside the region which would be relevant for the purposes of CSP, i.e. if M isA and B are indeed those nearest to point M. If there exists a third LAM C which is nearer to M than either A or B, then of course the accuracy of the approximations provided by the LAMs at A and B at point M is irrelevant: neither of those would be used during the search to determine the quantity M isk other than A and B, where the norm In particular, we assume that the maximum discrepancy between the predictions of two LAMs generated at points A, B), determine its midpoint M, and test criteria (9)\u2013(11)M, and the procedure is repeated until no more new LAMs are found to be necessary.The above ideas provide the basis of the new adaptive algorithm for LAM generation. Given any set of LAMs, we consider each and every pair  level of theory.In order to better understand the concept of adaptive LAM placement, we first consider a molecule with a single independent degree of freedom, namely benzoic acid , there is clearly a significant mismatch (9.2\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121) in the intramolecular energy contribution predicted by adjacent LAMs at T1 = \u00b1 60\u00b0. This can be corrected by inserting two LAMS at these positions, as illustrated in Fig. 3b). On the other hand, there is no such mismatch at the boundary between the original second and third LAMs at T1 = 0\u00b0, and therefore no new LAM needs to be inserted there. This consistency check, in which different LAM predictions are compared to each other, ensures that the intramolecular energy is described consistently by the LAMs at the given boundary. It does not, however, guarantee that that ab initio accuracy is achieved, although we note that LAMs have been shown to represent ab initio results very well in their locality , as opposed to the 6 LAMs shown in Fig. 3b). Whilst only a small saving is achievable in this simple case, much more marked efficiencies can be achieved for molecules involving multiple independent degrees of freedom, as illustrated by the next example.Overall, achieving the same level of accuracy with a regular grid would require a grid spacing of 3.3.T1 and T2, as shown in Fig. 4T1 The adaptive algorithm is further illustrated for the ROY molecule (5-methyl-2-[(2-nitrophenyl)\u00adamino]-3-thiophenecarbonitrile) Yu, 2010, which ib). The minimum spacing between these LAMs is 14\u00b0; a regular grid constructed over the original domain would require about 163\u2005LAMs to achieve the same minimum spacing (b) also shows the positions of the six known experimental forms of ROY  and (b), respectively. It is clear that the low conformational energy regions are not rectangular, i.e. there is significant interaction between the two torsional angles. It can also be seen that the adaptive LAM placement leads to a smoother intramolecular energy surface in these key regions.The intramolecular energy predictions by the original and final sets of LAMs are shown in Figs. 6ab initio over the same range of degrees of freedom at 5\u00b0 increments and shown in Fig. 6c). Visual comparison of the three energy landscapes show that key qualitative features are captured by both LAM-based approximations. A more quantitative comparison is presented in Figs. 7a) and (b), where the differences between the LAM approximation and the ab initio energies are computed at 5\u00b0 intervals. The average absolute deviation for the regular coarse grid scheme is 0.75\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121, while for the adaptive scheme it is 0.56\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121. More importantly, it is evident that with the regular grid, there are many areas in which the error is more than 5\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121, particularly at the edges of LAM validity. This can lead to the generation of a low-accuracy energy landscape during the global search, in which some structures are found to have unrealistically low or high lattice energy. Finally, it can be seen that in the areas surrounding the experimental structures (black triangles), improved accuracy is achieved.The intramolecular energy contribution is also computed 4.cf. \u00a72The proposed algorithm is now applied to molecule (XXVI) from the sixth blind test . The figures show the differences between the value of ab initio value. The underlying data are generated by varying T1 and T7 in 2\u00b0 increments, while keeping the other 5 torsional angles constant at the values T2 = 180.0\u00b0, T3 = 170.0\u00b0, T4 = 70.0\u00b0, T5 = 230.0\u00b0 and T6 = 180.0\u00b0.The accuracy gain achieved by the judicious placement of new LAM points is illustrated in Fig. 8a) shows results obtained using the initial LAM set on a regular grid. The four nearest LAMs used for this purpose are outside the domain shown. As can be seen, the values of \u22121 across the sub-region and a value of 1.01\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121 at the experimental values of T1 and T7. On the other hand, Fig. 8b) shows results obtained with the final LAM set which now includes a new LAM placed at the position indicated by the open circle. It can clearly be seen that the addition of this single new point in this sub-region results in very substantial reduction in the error in \u22121, with the error at the experimental values of T1 and T7 being just 0.09\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121.Fig. 8As has already been noted in \u00a724.2.CrystalPredictor II, making use of the LAM set determined above. As shown in Fig. 9\u22121 of the global minimum, with 465 and 1413 unique structures being identified within, respectively, 20 and 30\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121. The experimental form is identified as the 130th lowest energy structure, with a lattice energy 12.27\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121 greater than the global minimum, and a good reproduction of the experimental geometry (RMSD20 = 0.595\u2005\u00c5).A global search over 1\u2005000\u2005000 candidate structures is performed using 4.3.CrystalOptimizer minimizations are performed on the 1413 unique structures that were identified within 30\u2005kJ\u2005mol\u22121 from the global minimum ; thus, refinement using a more accurate lattice energy model and taking account of a higher degree of conformational flexibility has resulted in substantial clarification of the polymorphic landscape. We also note that the geometry of the experimental structure is reproduced with good accuracy (RMSD20 = 0.330\u2005\u00c5), as illustrated in Fig. 12The resulting energy landscape is presented in Fig. 11The computational cost of the CSP study is summarized in Table 45.et al., 2016CrystalPredictor II algorithm, an improvement on the uniform grid scheme which had proved too computationally demanding to apply to molecule (XXVI). A higher density of LAM points is automatically achieved in chemically interesting areas of conformational space, thereby resulting in a more efficient use of expensive ab initio calculations. This, in turn, allows the CrystalPredictor II algorithm to handle larger molecules and to explore larger areas of conformational space, through an effective global search methodology. The successful application of this new approach to molecule (XXVI) realises one of the aims of the blind tests, namely to drive innovation in CSP by providing unique and challenging molecular systems.The 2016 blind test  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322. DOI: 10.1107/S2052520616015122/wf5128sup2.pdfFurther developments. DOI: 1506361, 1506362, 1506363, 1506364, 1506365, 1506366, 1506367, 1506368, 1506369, 1506370, 1506371, 1506372, 1506373, 1506374, 1506375, 1506376, 1506377, 1506378, 1506379, 1506380, 1506381, 1506382, 1506383, 1506384, 1506385, 1506386, 1506387, 1506388, 1506389, 1506390, 1506391, 1506392, 1506393, 1506394, 1506395, 1506396, 1506397, 1506398, 1506399, 1506400, 1506401, 1506402, 1506403, 1506404, 1506405, 1506406, 1506407, 1506408, 1506409, 1506410, 1506411, 1506412, 1506413, 1506414, 1506415, 1506416, 1506417, 1506418, 1506419, 1506420, 1506421, 1506422, 1506423, 1506424, 1506425, 1506426, 1506427, 1506428, 1506429, 1506430, 1506431, 1506432, 1506433, 1506434, 1506435, 1506436, 1506437, 1506438, 1506439, 1506440, 1506441, 1506442, 1506443, 1506444, 1506445, 1506446, 1506447, 1506448, 1506449, 1506450, 1506451, 1506452, 1506453, 1506454, 1506455, 1506456, 1506457, 1506458, 1506459, 1506460, 1506461, 1506462, 1506463, 1506464, 1506465, 1506466, 1506467, 1506468, 1506469, 1506470, 1506471, 1506472, 1506473, 1506474, 1506475, 1506476, 1506477, 1506478, 1506479, 1506480, 1506481, 1506482, 1506483, 1506484, 1506485, 1506486, 1506487, 1506488, 1506489, 1506490, 1506491, 1506492, 1506493, 1506494, 1506495, 1506496, 1506497, 1506498, 1506499, 1506500, 1506501, 1506502, 1506503, 1506504, 1506505, 1506506, 1506507, 1506508, 1506509, 1506510, 1506511, 1506512, 1506513, 1506514, 1506515, 1506516, 1506517, 1506518, 1506519, 1506520, 1506521, 1506522, 1506523, 1506524, 1506525, 1506526, 1506527, 1506528, 1506529, 1506530, 1506531, 1506532, 1506533, 1506534, 1506535, 1506536, 1506537, 1506538, 1506539, 1506540, 1506541, 1506542, 1506543, 1506544, 1506545, 1506546, 1506547, 1506548, 1506549, 1506550, 1506551, 1506552, 1506553, 1506554, 1506555, 1506556, 1506557, 1506558, 1506559, 1506560, 1506561, 1506562, 1506563, 1506564, 1506565, 1506566, 1506567, 1506568, 1506569, 1506570, 1506571, 1506572, 1506573, 1506574, 1506575, 1506576, 1506577, 1506578, 1506579, 1506580, 1506581, 1506582, 1506583, 1506584, 1506585, 1506586, 1506587, 1506588, 1506589, 1506590, 1506591, 1506592, 1506593, 1506594, 1506595, 1506596, 1506597, 1506598, 1506599, 1506600, 1506601, 1506602, 1506603, 1506604, 1506605, 1506606, 1506607, 1506608, 1506609, 1506610, 1506611, 1506612, 1506613, 1506614, 1506615, 1506616, 1506617, 1506618, 1506619, 1506620, 1506621, 1506622, 1506623, 1506624, 1506625, 1506626, 1506627, 1506628, 1506629, 1506630, 1506631, 1506632, 1506633, 1506634, 1506635, 1506636, 1506637, 1506638, 1506639, 1506640, 1506641, 1506642, 1506643, 1506644, 1506645, 1506646, 1506647, 1506648, 1506649, 1506650, 1506651, 1506652, 1506653, 1506654, 1506655, 1506656, 1506657, 1506658, 1506659, 1506660, 1506661, 1506662, 1506663, 1506664, 1506665, 1506666, 1506667, 1506668, 1506669, 1506670, 1506671, 1506672, 1506673, 1506674, 1506675, 1506676, 1506677, 1506678, 1506679, 1506680, 1506681, 1506682CCDC references:"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 2959010.1038/srep29590; published online: 07142016; updated: 09142016In the original version of this Article, there were errors in Affiliation 2 and 6 which were incorrectly listed as \u2018Department of Nursing, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary\u2019s Hospital Luodong. No. 160, Zhongheng S. Rd., Luodong, Yilan 26546, Taiwan, R.O.C.\u2019 and \u2018Division of Nephrology in Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary\u2019s Hospital Luodong. No. 160, Zhongheng S. Rd., Luodong, Yilan 26546, Taiwan, R.O.C.\u2019 respectively. The correct affiliations are listed below.Affiliation 2Department of Nursing, Saint Mary\u2019s Hospital Luodong. No. 160, Zhongheng S. Rd., Luodong, Yilan 26546, Taiwan, ROC.Affiliation 6Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Mary\u2019s Hospital Luodong. No. 160, Zhongheng S. Rd., Luodong, Yilan 26546, Taiwan, ROC.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "The author initials were not complete in the original publication .The correct initials should be: \u201cCI Busard, SP Menting, JS van Bezooijen, JM van den Reek, BA Hutten, EP Prens, EM de Jong, MB van Doorn, PI Spuls\u201d."}
+{"text": "The thymectomy specimens from the \u201cthymectomy trial in non-thymomatous myasthenia gravis patients receiving prednisone therapy\u201d (MGTX) underwent rigid and comprehensive work-up, which permits analysis of the spatial distribution of histological and immunohistological features. This analysis revealed strong intra- and inter-case variability. While many histological features (e.g. median percent fat content among different specimens) can easily be correlated with clinical parameters, intra-case spatial variability of histological features has yet defied quantification and statistical evaluation. To overcome this gap in digital pathology, we here propose intra-case entropy of measured histological features in all available slides of a given thymectomy specimen as a quantitative marker of spatial histological heterogeneity. Calculation of entropy led to one value per specimen and histological feature. Through these \u2018entropy values\u2019 the so far neglected degree of spatial histological heterogeneity could be fed into statistical analyses, extending the scope of clinico-pathological correlations. The \u201cthymectomy trial in non-thymomatous myasthenia gravis patients receiving prednisone therapy\u201d (MGTX)  showed tThe objective of this analysis is to correlate quantitative histological findings  with clinical outcome parameters to eventually identify at the time of surgery pathological features with prognostic value in terms of MG outcome. Furthermore, it is hoped that recommendations for an appropriate and economical evaluation of thymectomy specimens will result from the analysis.2 were obtained from defined regions of the right and left thymic lobe above and below the central plane  underwent a pre-defined standard diagnostic protocol: First, all sections were hematoxylin-eosin (HE)-stained and evaluated for percentage of fat tissue on the slide; percentage of intra-thymic fat tissue; grading of cortical atrophy; grading of follicular hypertrophy; number of follicles, and proportion of cortical and medullary areas . Second,This process led to 16 histological variables  per slidhttp://dx.doi.org/10.11588/data/NWE2JJ).The raw data we are dealing with in this work has been collected in the course of the MGTX trial and is centrally managed by the MGTX Data Coordinating Center , 4. The www.fiji.sc) and automatic image processing in MATLAB  and saved in spreadsheets . Furthermore, demographic and clinical data associated with each case were obtained from Dr. Cutter, University of Alabama at Birmingham and submitted in spreadsheets.As described above  data werwww.r-project.org) and merged into two main databases: one database with values per slide and another database with summation values per case (on the basis of unique case IDs).All these datasheets were gathered in R (www.r-project.org) by built-in functions or separately loaded libraries , 2019, 2Translating these statistical findings into common clinicopathological terms, it appears that thymectomy specimens with more heterogeneous fat distribution show a trend for higher postoperative prednisone requirements, which is a surrogate for a more delayed clinical improvement. However, due to the great heterogeneity of our data, this correlation is not sufficient to predict clinical outcome.Generally speaking, entropy belongs to the few basic measurable entities in nature. It can be mathematically formulated using different axioms. For example, Shannon\u2019s entropy definition follows a basic additive algorithm (H1+H2 = H3), in contrast to Pincus\u2019s entropy which includes a non-zero additional term dependent upon boundary conditions . Having Basically, the relation of the entropy to the number of measurement points is one possible limitation. However, we could rule out this potential flaw as illustrated in section 8.3: We did not find a significant correlation between the sample sizes and entropy values using our data. However, regarding the strategy of tissue work-up, the strong relation between entropy and the number of sample points argues for an exentsive work-up scheme with sufficiently spaced sampling point: Too few or too closely located sampling points would reduce the meaningfulness of the resulting entropy value. Another possible limitation is the choice of the number of parameter levels compare : For intIn imaging based disciplines the term \u201centropy\u201d has mostly been used in the context of image processing as a textural feature. For instance, in radiology the \u2018textural entropy\u2019 has been used to predict different stages of rectal cancer  or the sHowever, since it is a tool to measure any type of system complexity, entropy analysis and its variations (e.g. \u201cminimum spanning tree (MST) entropy\u201d) might be useful wherever heterogeneity plays a diagnostic or biological role, be it in cancer or beyond , 28\u201330: Beyond the analysis of heterogeneity of tissue images, entropy analysis may help to quantify the heterogeneity of RNA-seq data  and the Data Coordinating Center: Gary R. Cutter, Inmaculada B. Aban, Greg Minisman, Michelle Feese, Hui-Chien Kuo .Trial Leadership: John Newsom-Davis ; Gil I. Wolfe ; Henry J. Kaminski ; Alfred Jaretzki III, Joshua R. Sonett .Argentina: Claudio Mazia, Valeria Saluto, Moises Rosenberg, Valeria Alvarez, Lisa Rey .Australia: John King, Helmut Butzkueven, John Goldblatt, John Carey ; John Pollard, Stephen Reddel, Nicholas Handel, Brian McCaughan, Linda Pallot .Brazil: M\u00e1rcia Waddington-Cruz, Ricardo Novis, Carlos Boasquevisque ; Elza Dias-Tosta, Rubens Morato-Fernandez, Manoel Ximenes ; Lineu Werneck, Rosana Scola, Paulo Soltoski .Canada: Colin Chalk, Fraser Moore, David Mulder, Lisa Wadup ; Joel Oger, Michele Mezei, Kenneth Evans, Theresa Jiwa, Anne Schaffar ; Chris White, Cory Toth, Gary Gelfand, Susan Wood ; Elizabeth Pringle, Jocelyn Zwicker, Donna Maziak, Farid Shamji, Sudhir Sundaresan, Andrew Seely .Chile: Gabriel Cea, Renato Verdugo, Alberto Aguayo .Germany: Sebastian Jander, Philipp Zickler, Michael Klein ; Alexander Marx, Philipp Str\u00f6bel, Cleo-Aron Weis ; Arthur Melms, Felix Bischof, Hermann Aebert, Gerhard Ziemer ; Wilfred Nix, Bj\u00f6rn Th\u00fcmler, Thomas Wilhem-Schwenkmezger, Eckhard Mayer ; Berthold Schalke, Peter P\u00f6schel, Gisela Hieber ; Karsten Wiebe .Italy: Giovanni Antonini, Alessandro Clemenzi, Vanessa Ceschin, Erino Rendina, Federico Venuta, Stefania Morino, Elisabetta Bucci ; Luca Durelli, Alessia Tavella, Marinella Clerico, Giulia Contessa, Piero Borasio ; Amelia Evoli, Serenella Servidei, Pierluigi Granone ; Renato Mantegazza, Emilia Berta, Lorenzo Novellino, Luisa Spinelli .Japan: Masakatsu Motomura, Hidenori Matsuo, Takeshi Nagayasu ; Hiroaki Yoshikawa, Masaharu Takamori, Makoto Oda, Isao Matsumoto, Yutaka Furukawa, Daisuke Noto, Yuko Motozaki, Kazuo Iwasa, Daisuke Yanase .Mexico: Guillermo Garcia Ramos, Bernardo Cacho, Lorenzo de la Garza .Poland: Anna Kostera-Pruszczyk, Marta Lipowska, Hubert Kwiecinski, Anna Potulska-Chromik ; Tadeusz Orlowski .Portugal: Ana Silva, Marta Feijo, Ant\u00f3nio Freitas .South Africa: Jeannine Heckmann, Andrew Frost, Edward Lee Pan, Lawrence Tucker, Johan Rossouw, Fiona Drummond .Spain: Isabel Illa, Jorge Diaz, Carlos Leon .Taiwan: Jiann-Horng Yeh, Hou-Chang Chiu, Yei-San Hsieh .Thailand: Rawiphan Witoonpanich, Supoch Tunlayadechanont, Sukasom Attanavanich .The Netherlands: Jan Verschuuren, Chiara Straathof, Maarten Titulaer, Michel Versteegh, Arda Pels, Yvonne Krum .United Kingdom: Camilla Buckley, M. Isabel Leite, Angela Vincent, David Hilton-Jones, Chandi Ratnatunga, John Newsom-Davis ; Maria Elena Farrugia, Richard Petty, James Overell, Alan Kirk ; Andrew Gibson, Chris McDermott, David Hopkinson ; Bryan Lecky, David Watling, Dot Marshall, Sam Saminaden, Deborah Davies, Charlotte Dougan, Siva Sathasivam, Richard Page, Dot Marshall ; Jon Sussman, John Ealing, Peter Krysiak .United States: Anthony Amato, Mohammad Salajegheh, Michael Jaklitsch, Kristen Roe ; Tetsuo Ashizawa, Robert Glenn Smith, Joseph Zwischenberg, Penny Stanton ; Alexandru Barboi, Safwan Jaradeh, William Tisol, Mario Gasparri, George Haasler, Mary Yellick, Cedric Dennis ; Richard Barohn, Mamatha Pasnoor, Mazen Dimachkie, April McVey, Gary Gronseth, Arthur Dick, Jeffrey Kramer, Melissa Currence, Laura Herbelin ; Jerry Belsh, Geoge Li, John Langenfeld, Mary Ann Mertz ; Michael Benatar ; Taylor Harrison, Seth Force, Sharon Usher ; Said Beydoun, Frank Lin, Steve DeMeester, Salem Akhter, Ali Malekniazi, Gina Avenido ; Brian Crum, Margherita Milone, Stephen Cassivi, Janet Fisher ; Emma Ciafaloni, Chad Heatwole, Thomas Watson, James Hilbert, Alexis Smirnow ; B. Jane Distad, Michael Weiss, Douglas Wood, Joanna Haug ; Raina Ernstoff, Jingyang Cao, Gary Chmielewski, Robert Welsh, Robin Duris ; Laurie Gutmann, Gauri Pawar, Geoffrey Marc Graeber, Patricia Altemus, Christopher Nance, Ludwig Gutmann ; Carlayne Jackson, Patrick Grogan, John Calhoon, Pamela Kittrell, Deborah Myers ; Henry Kaminski, Ghazala Hayat, Keith Naunheim, Susan Eller, Eve Holzemer ; Bashar Katirji, Amer Alshekhlee, Jason Robke, Brenda Karlinchak ; Jonathan Katz, Robert Miller, Ralph Roan, Dallas Forshew ; John Kissel, Bakri Elsheikh, Patrick Ross, Sharon Chelnick ; Richard Lewis, Agnes Acsadi, Frank Baciewicz, Stacey Masse ; Janice Massey, Vern Juel, Mark Onaitis, James Lowe, Bernadette Lipscomb ; Tahseen Mozaffar, Gaby Thai, Jeffrey Milliken, Veronica Martin, Ronnie Karayan ; Suraj Muley ; Gareth Parry, Sara Shumway ; Shin Oh, Gwen Claussen, Liang Lu, Robert Cerfolio, Angela Young, Marla Morgan ; Robert Pascuzzi, John Kincaid, Kenneth Kesler, Sandy Guingrich, Angi Michaels ; Lawrence Phillips, Ted Burns, David Jones, Cindy Fischer ; Michael Pulley, Alan Berger, Harry D\u2019Agostino, Lisa Smith ; Michael Rivner, Jerry Pruitt, Kevin Landolfo, Demetric Hillman ; Aziz Shaibani, Angelo Sermas, Ross Ruel, Farah Ismail ; Mark Sivak, Martin Goldstein, Jorge Camunas, Joan Bratton ; Rup Tandan, Hill Panitch, Bruce Leavitt, Marilee Jones ; Gil Wolfe, Srikanth Muppidi, Steven Vernino, Sharon Nations, Dan Meyer, Nina Gorham ."}
+{"text": "Upon publication of the original article , it was Costello ME, Ciccia F, Willner D, Warrington N, Robinson PC, Gardiner B, Marshall M, Kenna TJ, Triolo G, Brown MA: Brief Report: Intestinal Dysbiosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015, 67:686-691"}
+{"text": "AbstractIchneumonidae is revised, based in large part on the collections of the Natural History Museum, London and the National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh. Distribution records are provided at the country level.The checklist of British and Irish Neorhacodinae is considered to be a separate subfamily rather than a synonym of Tersilochinae. Echthrini is treated as a junior synonym of the tribe Cryptini, not Hemigastrini. Echthrus Gravenhorst and Helcostizus F\u00f6rster are classified in Cryptini rather than, respectively, Hemigastrini and Phygadeuontini.Of the 2,447 species regarded as valid and certainly identified, 214 are here recorded for the first time from the British Isles.  Ichneumonidae is one of two families of the superfamily Ichneumonoidea, along with the Braconidae. Given the size of each family in Britain  we are publishing the two checklists separately. This is one part of a series of papers revising the British and Irish list of Hymenoptera, that started with Hymenoptera checklists see Ichneumonidae that was not really reflected in his published output. I have made great use of Perkins\u2019s identifications as well as Horstmann\u2019s, Andrey Khalaim\u2019s and many other workers, including my own. Many Irish records are taken from The Hemigastrini and Phygadeuontini - Echthrus Gravenhorst and Helcostizus F\u00f6rster - are transferred to Cryptini  and reflecting differences in host use.All additions to and deletions from the British list since Ichneumonidae. A handbook to the British fauna  provides an introduction to the biology, classification and identification of this family of parasitoid wasps and will be published soon.Figs Hymenoptera checklist, see online. Conventions and abbreviations are listed below.For a more detailed description of the background and rationale to the species] taxon deleted from the British and Irish list# known introductions occurring only under artificial conditions? status (including uncertain synonymy) or identification in the British Isles uncertainmisident. has been misidentified as this namenomen dubium, a name of doubtful statusnom. dub. nomen oblitum, \u2018forgotten name\u2019, does not have priority over a younger namenom. ob. nomen novum, a replacement namenom. nov. nomen nudum, an unavailable name, with no type specimennom. nud. junior homonym)preocc. name preoccupied stat. rev. unavailable name unavailable under provisions of the ICZN codevar. variety, only available as a valid name under certain provisions of the ICZN codeWhen there are no countries listed for a species, there are two explanations. First, the species has been carried over from the previous checklist  and, altHymenoptera checklist, will be kept up to date in a Scratchpad, Hymenoptera of the British Isles.Alternative versions of the checklist can be downloaded here as a Word document or Excel spreadsheet under supplementary materials: Suppl. materials F\u00f6rster, 1869Acaenitinae (formerly Acaenitini and Coleocentrini) were abandoned by Tribes within Latreille, 1809ACOENITES Latreille, 1810ACOENITUS Griffith, 1832Ichneumondubitator Panzer, 1800ScotlandGravenhorst, 1829ASTHENOMERIS F\u00f6rster, 1869SPHALERUS Kriechbaumer, 1878annulicornis synonymised by Varga (2013)Gravenhorst, 1829bifasciatusSphalerus) Macruscroceicornis Gravenhorst, 1829EnglandColeocentrussoleatus  was removed from synonymy by Ichneumonexcitator Poda, 1761segmentatorIchneumon)    Strobl, 1902Lampronotanotabilis Desvignes, 1856frauenfeldiLissonota)    Ichneumonterebrator Scopoli, 1763aratorIchneumon) Kasparyan, 1986ScotlandNMS, det. Shaw, added hereHolmgren, 1857limbatus Thomson, 1888montivagator Aubert, 1976England, Scotland, Irelandchrysopygus (Grav.) referred to by punctulatus Thoms.; chrysopygus is the correct name for the species referred to as granulatus Perkins by The Perkins, 1943EnglandHemiteleschrysopygus Gravenhorst, 1829granulatus Perkins, 1943England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of ManHolmgren, 1857EnglandNMS, det. Shaw, added hereHemitelesdorsalis Gravenhorst, 1829melanius Roman, 1918insolitusEpitropus) Thomson, 1883England, IrelandShaw & Wahl, 2014England, Scotlandadded by Shaw and Wahl (2014)Thomson, 1888England, Walessome distribution data from Askew (2000)Holmgren, 1857England, Irelandadded by Fitton et al. (1982)Kasparyan, 1986England, Scotlandadded by Kasparyan (1990)Plectiscuspallipes Gravenhorst, 1829ruthei Holmgren, 1857pallidipesPlectiscus) Plectiscustenthredinarum Giraud, 1872nigricornis Thomson, 1888EnglandIchneumontetratinctorius Thunberg, 1824fasciatus Thomson, 1883scabriculus Thomson, 1883England, IrelandSchmiedeknecht, 1911thuringiacus Schmiedeknecht, 1911England, IrelandHaliday, 1838Distribution data from Curtis, 1832CROTOPUS Holmgren, 1859ATOPOTYPUS Chao, 1992Atopotypus synonymised by Bennett (2001)Curtis, 1832abnormisCrotopus) Ichneumondebellator Fabricius, 1775fischeriIchneumon)   Ichneumoncruentatus Geoffroy, 1785petiolatumIchneumon)   ] brevicollis from Killiecrankie, Scotland, as a species of Agrypon. As this species is now included in Perisphincter ] Listed as a doubtfully placed species of Agrypon by Cremastus. Recorded by  J.P. Brock (pers. comm.) has not seen any authentic British material of this species. Only known in Britain from L. Carr material (supposedly from Lichfield) and hence should have been excluded from the previous checklist . See  Identified by impressor Grav., based on Morley\u2019s interpretation of Thomson\u2019s interpretation; the species involved is apparently undescribed .Englandadded by Brock (in prep.)F\u00f6rster, 1869DICERATOPS F\u00f6rster, 1869SYZEUCTA Thomson, 1889Syzeuctus excluded from the British and Irish list:Species of irrisorius ] Brock (in prep.) found no British specimens of irrisorius. Recorded from Ireland by  Misidentified scalaris are described by Brock (in prep.) as Glypa sp. PU. British specimens identified as teres have proved to be misidentified bifoveolata . Listed as Sinophorusarvensis by [Campoplex excluded from the British and Irish list:species of borealis ] All British specimens in NMS were reidentified as C.caloptiliae by Horstmann On earlier versions of this checklist, C.melanostoma was included based on a reared specimen in NMS, but this was based on a misidentification of C.punctulatus.ScotlandNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereHolmgren, 1859AMORPHOTA F\u00f6rster, 1869ANEMPHERES F\u00f6rster, 1869CAMPOTREPHUS F\u00f6rster, 1869HOROGENES F\u00f6rster, 1869NOTHANOMALON Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1905TROPHOCAMPA Schmiedeknecht, 1907CASINARIODES Aubert, 1960Tschek, 1871IrelandCampoplexalbipalpis Gravenhorst, 1829IrelandThomson, 1887England, IrelandCampoplexmoestus Gravenhorst, 1829maesta Dalla Torre, 1901 preocc.Englandadded by Horstmann (2000d)Holmgren, 1860EnglandBrischke, 1880pallidipes Dalla Torre, 1901England, IrelandMesoleptuspetiolaris Gravenhorst, 1829claviventris Holmgren, 1860EnglandCampoplextenuiventris Gravenhorst, 1829conicaCampoplex) Ichneumoncantator DeGeer, 1778decipiensCampoplex)   Campoplexcerophagus Gravenhorst, 1829picticrusOmorga) Campoplexcruentata Gravenhorst, 1829marginellaPorizon) Campoplexdeclinator Gravenhorst, 1829fasciataThymaris)  preocc.     taken from Distribution data for some species Limneriaaculeata Bridgman, 1889atrumAngitia)  Limneriaagilis Brischke, 1880Horstmann, 1969England, ScotlandNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereHorogenesangulator Aubert, 1963England, IrelandNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereAngitiaannulicrus Thomson, 1887Angitiaanura Thomson, 1887England, Scotlandadded by Shaw and Horstmann (1997)Limneriaareolaris Holmgren, 1860IrelandAdded by Horstmann, 2004ScotlandNythobia but subgenera have not been used here.added by Campoplexarmillatus Gravenhorst, 1829tibialeCampoplex)   was removed from synonymy by Horstmann, 2013Englandadded by Horstmann (2013)Horstmann, 1969EnglandNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereAngitiabrevivalvis Thomson, 1887EnglandNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereHorstmann, 1993ScotlandNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereIchneumonchrysostictos Gmelin, 1790corsicatorHorogenes) Angitiaclaripennis Thomson, 1887Irelandadded by Limneriaclavicornis Brischke, 1880Campoplexcoleophorarum Ratzeburg, 1852England, ScotlandLimneriacombinata Holmgren, 1860alpinator Aubert, 1970England, Scotland, IrelandHorstmann, 2013Scotlandadded by Horstmann (2013)Campoplexconsumtor Gravenhorst, 1829variansLimneria) Campoplexcrassicornis Gravenhorst, 1829carnifexCampoplex)   Angitiacrassiseta Thomson, 1887EnglandBMNH, det. Perkins, added hereLimneriacrassa Bridgman, 1889England, ScotlandHorstmann, 1980England, Scotlandadded by Horstmann (1980a)Limneriacylindrica Brischke, 1880England, IrelandNoted as occurring in England and Ireland by various authors but not listed by Horstmann, 1980England, Scotlandadded by Shaw and Horstmann (1997)Limneriaelishae Bridgman, 1884England, Scotland, IrelandHorstmann, 2013Englandadded by Horstmann (2013)Porizonerucator Zetterstedt, 1838rufipes misident.fumipennisCampoplex) Horstmann & Shaw, 1984England, Scotland, Walesadded by Horstmann and Shaw (1984)Limneriafenestralis Holmgren, 1860Diadegmafenestralegracile  ?England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Mandistribution data from Horstmann, 1973EnglandNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereHorstmann, 2008Englandadded by Horstmann (2008b)Mesoleptusgrisescens Gravenhorst, 1829rufiventrisCampoplex)  Angitiaholopyga Thomson, 1887England, Scotland, IrelandMeloborishygrobia Thomson, 1887ischnocerumMeloboris)  unavailable Ichneumoninsectator Schrank, 1781insectatrixAngitia) Angitialaricinella Strobl, 1904Scotlandadded by Shaw and Horstmann (1997)Campoplexlateralis Gravenhorst, 1829England, Irelandlateralis\u2019 by K. Horstmann in NMS, from the Isle of Coll. and specimens in NMI det. A.W. Stelfox Angitialatungula Thomson, 1887deletumPectinella) Horstmann, 1969England, Scotlandadded by Shaw and Horstmann (1997)Campoplexlitoralis Holmgren, 1856England, IrelandCampoplexmajalis Gravenhorst, 1829England, Scotland, IrelandAngitiamelania Thomson, 1887EnglandAngitiamonospila Thomson, 1887England, Scotland, WalesNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereCampoplexnanus Gravenhorst, 1829England, ScotlandHorstmann, 2008narcyiae misspellingEngland, Scotlandnarcyiae, emended by NMS, det. Horstmann, added here; originally, incorrectly, spelt Horstmann, 1969cerophaga misident.Horstmann, 1969EnglandBMNH, det. Horstmann, added hereMeloborispusio Holmgren, 1860annulipesLimneria) Limneriarufata Bridgman, 1884England, ScotlandLimneriaruficeps Holmgren, 1860gracileCampoplex) preocc.   Limneriascotiae Bridgman, 1889ScotlandLimneriasemiclausa Hell\u00e9n, 1949tibialis misident.cerophaga misident.eucerophagum Horstmann, 1969England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of Mandistribution data from Azidah et al. (2000)Angitiasordipes Thomson, 1887England, Scotland, WalesCampoplexstagnalis Holmgren, 1856England, IrelandHorstmann, 1980England, Scotlandadded by Horstmann (1980a)Angitiatenuipes Thomson, 1887England, Scotland, IrelandLimneriatripunctata Bridgman, 1886England, IrelandAngitiatrochanterata Thomson, 1887England, IrelandCampoplextruncata Thomson, 1887subbuccatumAngitia) Limneriapedella Holmgren, 1860albicoxisSynetaeris) ] K. Horstmann had identified specimens in NMS as limnobia, which appeared on earlier versions of this checklist, but, following the redescription of the species ] Specimens identified in BMNH as Dusonavidua are actually Hyposotertricolor (det. K. Horstmann); H.tricolor. Only included on the British list on the basis that it was described from Carr material, of doubtful origin Limneriaalbonotata Bridgman, 1889melaleucusAnilastus) Limneriaaliena Brischke, 1880IrelandLimneriabarrettii Bridgman, 1881teucriiLimneria) Anilastaboops Thomson, 1887Englandbrischkei.Added by Limneriabrischkei Bridgman, 1882England, Scotland, IrelandCampoplexcaedator Gravenhorst, 1829henscheliAnilastus)   Campoplexcarbonaria Ratzeburg, 1844England, ScotlandLimneriaclausa Brischke, 1880England, ScotlandMany specimens in BMNH are only doubtfully identified; material in NMS has been recently identified by K. Horstmann.Anilastacoxator Thomson, 1887EnglandBMNH, NMS, det. Horstmann, added hereIchneumondidymator Thunberg, 1824rotundatorIchneumon)   Anilastusdiscedens Schmiedeknecht, 1909IrelandCampoplexdolosus Gravenhorst, 1829rufimanusCampoplex) synonymy by Horstmann (2000d)  Limneriafitchii Bridgman, 1881Limneriainquinata Holmgren, 1860ScotlandOne British specimen  in BMNH but pointing the other direction, implying erroneous identification (by J.F. Perkins?). Carried over from the 1978 checklist and on the basis of material in UM, det. J.P. Brock.Anilastaleucomera Thomson, 1887tricinctusLimneria) unavailable Anilastalongula Thomson, 1887England, Scotland, WalesLimnerianeglecta Holmgren, 1860varicoxaAnilasta)  Campoplexnotatus Gravenhorst, 1829England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandLimneriaobscurella Holmgren, 1860Campoplexorbator Gravenhorst, 1829rufusLimneria) Campoplexplacidus Desvignes, 1856EnglandTryphonrhodocerae Rondani, 1877ebeninus misident.England, IrelandAnilastaruficrus Thomson, 1887EnglandNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereAnilastusthuringiacus Schmiedeknecht, 1909England, IrelandCampoplextricolor Ratzeburg, 1844vidua misident.henaultiiCampoplex) Campoplexvirginalis Gravenhorst, 1829Englanddistribution data from Horstmann (2000d)Limneriavivida Holmgren, 1860albicrusAnilasta) Limneriaclypeata Brischke, 1880sternocerusLathrostiza) synonymy by Horstmann (2004b) Campoplexlugens Gravenhorst, 1829vestigialisCampoplex) Townes, 1965England, Walesadded by Campoplexerrabundus Gravenhorst, 1829Englandadded by Salisbury (2003)Horstmann, 1970Nemeritiscremastoides Holmgren, 1860England, Scotlandpunctulatus (Ratze.) to a synonym of Porizonmoderator (L.).NMS, BMNH, added here; Gravenhorst, 1829Campoplexparvulus Gravenhorst, 1829fusicornisLathroplex) Limneriabucculentus Holmgren, 1860EnglandBMNH, det. Horstmann, added hereHolmgren, 1859ASINAMORA F\u00f6rster, 1869NEPIERA F\u00f6rster, 1869PSEUDOCYMODUSA Habermehl, 1922ANOIXIS Townes, 1970Campoplexalternans Gravenhorst, 1829elachistaeCymodusa)  preocc. Ichneumoncollector Thunberg, 1824concinnaLimneria)     Pseudocymodusaneglecta Habermehl, 1923Nepieraproxima Perkins, 1942England, Scotland, IrelandBMNH, NMS, det. Horstmann, added hereHolmgren, 1860PSEUDONEMERITIS Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1916Distribution data from Horstmann, 1975EnglandBMNH, det. Horstmann, added hereThomson, 1887rhaphidiae Kriechbaumer, 1892raphidiae Dalla Torre, 1901monticola Habermehl, 1922EnglandHorstmann, 1980EnglandCampoplexfallax Gravenhorst, 1829crassiceps Habermehl, 1922EnglandNMS, BMNH, det. Horstmann, added hereThomson, 1887EnglandCampoplexmacrocentrus Gravenhorst, 1829sordidaCampoplex)    preocc.   Limneriamandibularis Holmgren, 1860aberrans misident.umbrataCanidia) ] Welsh specimens in BMNH, ex Cephalciaalpina (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae) (not a British native), det. K. Horstmann and I.D. Gauld, presumably brought over for biocontrol purposes.[ratzeburgi ] Released in Wales for biocontrol purposes but with no evidence of successful establishment  nom. dub.][alienata  nom. dub.] Sinophoruspaniscus as British but this name is now a synonym of Macrusfiliventris Gravenhorst, 1829 Ichneumonalbidus Gmelin, 1790hungaricusOmorgus) Limneriumbridgmanii Dalla Torre, 1901distinctusLimneria) preocc.  Limneriacostalis Thomson, 1887IrelandLimneriacrassifemur Thomson, 1887IrelandLimneriafuscicarpus Thomson, 1887Englandadded by Sanborne (1984)Campoplexgeniculatus Gravenhorst, 1829nigritellusLimneria)  Campoplexjuniperinus Holmgren, 1856ornatusOmorgus) Limneriapleuralis Thomson, 1887Englandadded by Sanborne (1984)Campoplexturionum Ratzeburg, 1844spectabilisLimneria)     Campoplexxanthostomus Gravenhorst, 1829pineticolaLimneria)  Synetaeriscarbonella Thomson, 1887aterrimumPyracmon)  Omorgaexoleta Thomson, 1887geniculatumOmorgus) unavailable Limneriahyperborea Thomson, 1887EnglandNMS, det. Horstmann, added hereGonotypusintermedius Sz\u00e9pligeti, 1916majusGonotypus)  Omorgalatiuscula Thomson, 1887England, ScotlandNMS, BMNH, det. Horstmann, added hereOmorganigridens Thomson, 1887striolatumOmorga) Limneriarostralis Brischke, 1880arenicola Thomson, 1887thuringiacumSinophorus) Anilastacitrofrontalis Hedwig, 1939England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandBMNH, NMS, det. Horstmann, Shaw, Broad, added hereLimneriacoxalis Brischke, 1880Englandcoxalis; another British specimen has been labelled 'robusta Wold.' (=Scirtetes) and an English specimen has been labelled as 'interruptus'. Locality data from reared specimens in NMS, det. K. Horstmann.One British specimen in BMNH is probably Ichneumonpraerogator Linnaeus, 1758chrysogasterIchneumon) preocc.    Schrottky, 1902IDECHTHIS F\u00f6rster, 1869DEVORGILLA Cameron, 1907NEMERITIS misident.Campoplexcanescens Gravenhorst, 1829frumentariaCampoplex)   Ichneumoncoxator Villers, 1789Collyriacoxatorfalcata  ?Collyriacoxatorarcuata  ?calcitratorBassus)  Pachymerustrichophthalmus Thomson, 1877EnglandF\u00f6rster, 1869Distribution data from Gravenhorst, 1829species excluded from the British and Irish list by crassicornis Thomson, 1890][subnasuta ] obfuscator (Villers) as a doubtfully placed species of Trychosis but it was probably misidentified.[stevenii  misident.][taschenbergii  misident.] Listed as a doubtfully placed species of Hemiteles by  Listed as a doubtfully placed species of Hemiteles by pictipes in the BMNH have now been identified as albobasalis and longicauda and there is no evidence that pictipes has ever been found here. Listed as a doubtfully placed species of Trychosis by  The type of pilosus was ostensibly British but Schwarz (1995) has excluded this southern European species from the British list. bidentulus were misidentified. Erroneously listed as occurring in the British Isles by  Listed as a species of Dichrogaster (Cryptinae: Phygadeuontini) in  will be synonymised by Broad & Rose (in prep.) Apparently only recorded as British by Lissonotafunebris) Ichneumonneustriae has traditionally been treated as a species of Rhorus but the species involved has been in doubt (Cotesia (Braconidae: Microgastrinae). According to neustriae auctt. is referable to austriator Aubert, 1988. Known only from males, Klopfstein (2014) was unable to place this taxon but suggested that it may be a colour variant of pallipes. Listed in error by  No British or Irish specimens have been seen ; syn. mandibulare ] All British specimens under the name mandibulare Ophionaggressor Fabricius, 1804marginellumMesochorus)  Mesochorusalbitarsis Brischke, 1880nigrum Pfankuch, 1921heydeni Habermehl, 1923transsylvanicumPseudacoenitus) Roman, 1909dispersum Schwenke, 1999laricis Schwenke, 1999Englandadded by Riedel (2015)Mesochorusanalis Holmgren, 1860England, Scotlandadded by Riedel (2015)Mesochorusbuccatus Thomson, 1886hamulumMesochorus) Mesochorushirsutus Bridgman, 1883granigerumMesochorus) Mesochorusleucogrammus Holmgren, 1860England, ScotlandNMS, added hereMesochorusnigrocoxatus Strobl, 1904mimulumDemophorellus) Mesochoruspictus Brischke, 1880incidensMesochorus) Mesochorusscutellatus Gravenhorst, 1829festivumMesochorus) Mesochorussplenium Curtis, 1833sericansMesochorus)   synonymy by Schwenke (1999) Mesochorustenuicornis Thomson, 1886England, ScotlandSchwenke, 2004Englandadded by Schwenke (2004)Schwenke, 1999England, Wales, Irelandadded by Riedel (2015)Mesochorusvaripes Holmgren, 1860variipes Dalla Torre, 1901England, Scotlandadded by Riedel (2015)F\u00f6rster, 1869PLESIOPHTHALMUS F\u00f6rster, 1869MATER Schluz, 1911TETRAGONALYS Morley, 1913OPHTHALMOCHORUS Roman, 1925Cidaphus species is taken from Cidaphus species. Distribution data for Mesochorusalarius Gravenhorst, 1829thuringiacus Brauns, 1889England, WalesPaniscusareolatus Boie, 1850gigasMeoschorus) synonymy by Horstmann (2002b)  synonymy by Horstmann (2002b) Cryptusatricillus Haliday, 1838potanini Kokujev, 1906melanocephalusPlesiophthalmus)  have found that Dolichochorus is a rather basal member of the Mesochorinae, and distinct from Astiphromma.Mesochoruslongiceps Strobl, 1904EnglandAdded by Gravenhorst, 1829STICTOPISTHUS Thomson, 1886Mesochorus as W. Schwenke had misinterpreted many names.Mesochorus excluded from the British and Irish list:species of nuncupator ] Horstmann (2006b) Listed as sodalis by Lissonotafunebris), or on the basis of specimens in BMNH identified as sodalis var. moerens, which is now regarded as a separate species. Stenomacrusaffinis  of authors was redescribed as S.affinitor Aubert, 1981 as the type of affinis is a species of Hypsicera (Metopiinae), a junior synonym of curvator (Fabricius). Old British records of \u2018Stenomacrusaffinis\u2019 are not valid.[exserens ] Stenomacrusexserens as a British species but the only two specimens purportedly of this species in BMNH, from C. Morley\u2019s collection, are misidentified Eusterinx. There is no other evidence that exserens is a British or Irish species. As discussed in  Eclytusornatus from England and Scotland but their identifications were not based on egg characters, used by ornatus might be based on misidentifications. ornatus in NMS.  Althouginvolved .Polyblastusangulatus Thomson, 1883Scotland, Isle of ManPolyblastusangustatus Roman, 1909Polyblastusarcuatus Holmgren, 1857antennator Aubert, 1965Englandmarginata sensu Kasparyan.W. Ely has noted that many specimens under this name (including British?) are Kasparyan, 1973Scotlandadded by Polyblastusgenalis Thomson, 1883EnglandAdded by albiventrisPolyblastus) Polyblastusgrossus Brischke, 1871annulicornisPolyblastus)  as annulicornis, it was subsequently recorded as Ctenochiragrossa by Listed in Tryphonhaemosternus Haliday, 1839senilisPolyblastus)   synonymy by Kasparyan and Tolkanitz (2000)  .Some distribution data from stmann\u2019s  revised Polyblastusmarginatus Holmgren, 1857fractigenaScopiorus) Tryphonpastoralis Gravenhorst, 1829mutabilisPolyblastus)  Tryphonpratensis Gravenhorst, 1829EnglandTryphonpropinquus Gravenhorst, 1829obscuraTryphon) synonymy by Kasparyan and Tolkanitz (2000)  Poyblastusromani Pfankuch, 1925pygobarbaScopimenus) Tryphonrufipes Gravenhorst, 1829anilisPolyblastus)       preocc.  Tryphonsanguinatorius Ratzeburg, 1852EnglandTryphonsphaerocephalus Gravenhorst, 1829bisculptaTryphon)    Polyblastusvalidicornis Brischke, 1871added byfusicornisPolyblastus)  Polyblastusxanthopygus Holmgren, 1857rivalisPolyblastus) Tryphonrubiginosus Gravenhorst, 1829insidiatorAcrotomus)     preocc., synonymy by Horstmann (2006a)  unavailable  synonymy by Horstmann (2006a)  but luteomarginatus. The name praerogator was used by Gravenhorst and Thomson, referring to Linnaeus\u2019s praerogator, which is actually a species of Tranosemella (Campopleginae). These usages of praerogator are unavailable names Tryphonalacer Gravenhorst, 1829xanthopusAcrotomus) Tryphonaurifluus Haliday, 1839geniculosusExenterus)  Tryphonbasalis Stephens, 1835connatusExenterus)       synonymy by Horstmann (2012a)  Exenterusbimaculatus Holmgren, 1856zonellusExenterus)  Exenterusconsobrinus Holmgren, 1857IrelandTryphoncurtisii Haliday, 1839England, Scotland, IrelandIchneumondorsator Thunberg, 1824mitigosusTryphon)            Tryphonelegans Stephens, 1835aulicusCteniscus) Tryphonflavomaculatus Gravenhorst, 1829praeustusExenterus)      Tryphongnathoxanthus Gravenhorst, 1829hachfeldiPolyblastus) Cteniscushofferi Gregor, 1937England, IrelandCteniscuslineiger Thomson, 1883nordstromiCteniscus) Tryphonpachysoma Stephens, 1835coloratorTryphon) Tryphonpictus Gravenhorst, 1829marginatusCteniscus)  Cteniscusromani Kerrich, 1952IrelandExenterusrufilabris Holmgren, 1857genalisCteniscus) Exenterusrufonotatus Holmgren, 1857breviventrisCteniscus)  Exenterussimilis Holmgren, 1857Englandadded by Ely (2010)Kasparyan, 1985Scotlandadded by Shaw and Kasparyan (2005)Holmgren, 1857ANIAROPHRON F\u00f6rster, 1869TRICHOCALYMMA F\u00f6rster, 1869TRICHOCALYMMUS Thomson, 1887Brischke, 1871England, ScotlandKasparyan, 1973England, Scotland, WalesTryphonbrunnicans Gravenhorst, 1829brunicans Dalla Torre, 1901 preocc.England, ScotlandIchneumoncalcator M\u00fcller, 1776erythropusIchneumon)    Ichneumonjunior Thunberg, 1824frenatorExochus) Trichocalymmaplebejus Woldstedt, 1878bipunctatusTrichocalymma) Trichocalymmapunctatus Woldstedt, 1878added bysimplex Thomson, 1883defectivus Strobl, 1903Scotland, Walesadded by Shaw and Kasparyan (2005)Holmgren, 1857nigerAniarophron) Ichneumonzonarius Gravenhorst, 1820obscuratus Habermehl, 1925England, Scotland, WalesDavis, 1897Tryphonapiarius Gravenhorst, 1829obscuratoriusIchneumon) preocc.  nom. dub., from England] Listed as a doubtfully placed species of Tryphon by Exenterus following  Fitton (1976)[parvulus  nom. dub.][Townes & Townes, 1949Thomson, 1888England, Scotland, WalesF\u00f6rster, 1869NEMIOBLASTUS Thomson, 1883Schi\u00f8dte, 1838albicoxa Thomson, 1883British specimens without locality data in BMNH.Holmgren, 1857grammicus Holmgren, 1857lucidus Brischke, 1892England, Scotland, Isle of ManKasparyan, 1973Englandadded by Shaw and Kasparyan (2005)Thomson, 1888pallidicoxa Dalla Torre, 1901England, Ireland, Isle of ManHolmgren, 1857albicoxa Thomson, 1883England, Scotland, Isle of Manalternans Schi\u00f8dte, 1838, of which it is listed as a subspecies by Holmgren, 1857England, ScotlandHartig, 1837Tryphoncancer Hartig, 1837palaemon Schi\u00f8dte, 1838holosericeusTryphon) Tryphoncothurnatus Gravenhorst, 1829drewseni Schi\u00f8dte, 1838unicinctus Bridgman, 1889intermedius Ulbricht, 1916 unavailablehungaricusTrematopygus) Tryphonpedalis Cresson, 1864carbonarius misident.rhenanus Ulbricht, 1926 unavailablerufifemur Hedwig, 1943 unavailableEngland, Scotlandcarbonator Kasparyan, 1970.British specimens belong to the subspecies Ichneumonpinguis Gravenhorst, 1920petryi Schmiedeknecht, 1912Holmgren, 1857ScotlandHabermehl, 1909England, Scotland, WalesTeunissen, 1953Englandadded by Shaw and Kasparyan (2005)Tryphonvaritarsus Gravenhorst, 1829strobilator misident.albovinctusTryphon) Exenterusbohemani Holmgren,1857EnglandExenteruserosus Holmgren,1857EnglandKerrich, 1952Englandsome distribution data from Kerrich (1962)Kerrich, 1952Scotland, IrelandExenterusjucundus Holmgren, 1857EnglandKasparyan, 1976England, Scotlandadded by Shaw and Kasparyan (2005)Kerrich, 1952EnglandIchneumonquinquecinctus Gravenhorst, 1820trianguligena Kerrich, 1952England, ScotlandFall\u00e9n, 1813Distribution data from Tryphon Ichneumonobtusator Thunberg, 1824Tryphon (Stenocrotaphon) obtusatorsubrufus  ?consobrinus Holmgren, 1857EnglandHolmgren, 1857EnglandF\u00f6rster, 1869Stephens, 1835incestus Holmgren, 1857incertus Brischke, 1871tricolor Rudow, 1910 preocc.abnormis Habermehl, 1925rufescensErromenus)  (but see the note regarding Tryphonduplicatus).Gravenhorst, 1829England, ScotlandSymboethusduplicatus Heinrich, 1953discedensSymboethus) . Townes also regarded \u2018duplicatus\u2019 (=hinzi sensu Townes) as comprising two species, one with red hind femora and one with black hind femora, also differing in characteristics of the egg. However, bidentatus with red hind femora as possibly being synonymous with hinzi. Further clarification is needed.H.K. Townes (pers. comm. to M.G. Fitton) regarded Gravenhorst, 1829connectens Roman, 1909EnglandHolmgren, 1857England, ScotlandAdded by Gravenhorst, 1829bicornutus Holmgren, 1856confinis Holmgren, 1856maculatusSymboethus) unavailable Ichneumonlatrator Fabricius, 1781auricularis Thomson, 1883 synonymy by Horstmann (2001a)England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManHolmgren, 1857EnglandIchneumonrelator Thunberg, 1824vulgaris Holmgren, 1857erythrogaster Thomson, 1883England, ScotlandIchneumonrutilator Linnaeus, 1761impraegnatorIchneumon)     Xylonomuscaligatus Gravenhorst, 1829seticornis Kriechbaumer, 1879England, Scotland, IrelandIchneumonrusticus Geoffroy, 1785striatusOdontomerus)   Ichneumondentipes Gmelin, 1790femoratumOphion)  Odontomerusquercinus Thomson, 1877liogasterOdontomerus)    and Xorides s. str. (containing the others) but Xorides in synonymy.The British species have usually been separated into the subgenera Xylonomusbrachylabis Kriechbaumer, 1889brachylabris misspellingEnglandCl\u00e9ment, 1938EnglandIchneumonfuligator Thunberg, 1824sordatorIchneumon)  Xylonomusgravenhorstii Curtis, 1831securicornisXylonomus)          Ichneumonirrigator Fabricius, 1793planus \u0160ediv\u00fd, 1958EnglandXylonomusniger Pfeffer, 1913bicolor Cl\u00e9ment, 1938EnglandIchneumonpraecatorius Fabricius, 1793Xoridespraecatoriusarticulatus  ?Xoridespraecatoriusfalsatorius  ?parvulusXylonomus)  preocc.   preocc.  Xylonomusrufipes Gravenhorst, 1829EnglandXylonomusrusticus Desvignes, 1856EnglandSupplementary material 1IchneumonidaeChecklist of British and Irish Data type: Excel spreadsheetIchneumonidae checklistBrief description: Excel spreadsheet version of the British and Irish File: oo_92300.xlsxBroad, G.R.Supplementary material 2IchneumonidaeChecklist of British and Irish Data type: Word documentIchneumonidae checklistBrief description: text version of the British and Irish File: oo_92298.docxBroad, G.R."}
+{"text": "Heliscus lugdunensis, Tetrachaetum elegans, Tetracladium breve, T. marchalianum, and T. nainitalense, against seven plant pathogenic fungi was studied using a dual culture technique. Inhibitory activity of tested aquatic hyphomycetes was determined by measuring the radial growth of plant pathogenic fungi on dual culture plates. Tetrachaetum elegans showed antagonistic activity against Colletotrichum falcatum, Fusarium oxysporum, Pyricularia oryzae, Sclerotium sclerotiorum, and Tilletia indicaHeliscus lugdunensis showed antagonism against only two plant pathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum falcatum.Tetracladium breve, T. marchalianum, and T. nainitalense showed no response towards tested plant pathogenic fungi.The antagonistic activity of five aquatic hyphomycetes, viz.,"}
+{"text": "The affiliations of Christelle Hano, Giulia Bardino and Michel Saint Jalme are listed incorrectly. The correct affiliations are as follows:Christelle HanoAffiliation: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7204, M\u00e9nagerie du Jardin des Plantes, Paris, France.Giulia BardinoAffiliation: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7206, Universita La Sapienza, Rome, ItalyMichel Saint JalmeAffiliation: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7204, M\u00e9nagerie du Jardin des Plantes, Paris, France.There is also an error in the author contributions. The listed roles for Shelly Masi should read as follows:Shelly MasiRoles: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing\u2013original draft, Writing\u2013review & editing"}
+{"text": "Dear Reader,Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes for the year, we wish to reflect on another successful year for the journal and for others in the Adis Premier journals portfolio, and to thank all who have contributed to Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes over the past 12 months.As we approach the end of 2016, and publish our final issue of Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes in that the journal content is now available on PubMed Central. Another of our open access journals, Drug Safety\u2014Case Reports, is also now available on PubMed Central.An important milestone was reached for Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes\u2019 top 10 downloaded articles from SpringerLink this year were:As of September 2016, Medicines Management, Medication Errors and Adverse Medication Events in Older People Referred to a Community Nursing Service: A Retrospective Observational Study. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2016) 3: 13.Elliott, R.A., Lee, C.Y., Beanland, C. et al. Use of Chronic Medications Among Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2016) 3: 165.Kocis, P.T., Liu, G., Makenbaeva, D. et al. Persistence of Antipsychotic Treatment in Elderly Dementia Patients: A Retrospective, Population-Based Cohort Study. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2016) 3: 175.Mast, G., Fernandes, K., Tadrous, M. et al.\u00a0\u00ae\u00a0Disposable Insulin Delivery Device for Insulin Delivery in Patients with Poorly Controlled Diabetes at High RiskThe Clinical and Economic Impact of the V-Go. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2016) 3: 191.Lajara, R., Nikkel, C. & Abbott, S. Traditional Anticoagulants and Hair Loss: A Role for Direct Oral Anticoagulants? A Review of the Literature. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2016) 3: 1.Watras, M.M., Patel, J.P. & Arya, R. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Night Sweats in a Primary Care Population. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2015) 2: 29.Mold, J.W. & Holtzclaw, B.J.\u00a0Drug-Induced Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Associated with Proton Pump Inhibitors. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2016) 3: 145.Aggarwal, N. 3\u00a0Antagonists Really Contribute to Serotonin Toxicity? A Call for Clarity and Pharmacological Law and OrderCan 5-HT. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2014) 1: 3.Rojas-Fernandez, C.H. Evaluating the Cost-Effectiveness of Prolonged-Release Tacrolimus Relative to Immediate-Release Tacrolimus in Liver Transplant Patients Based on Data from Routine Clinical Practice. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2016) 3: 61.Muduma, G., Odeyemi, I. & Pollock, R.F. The Risk of Specific Congenital Anomalies in Relation to Newer Antiepileptic Drugs: A Literature Review. Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes (2016) 3: 131.de Jong, J., Garne, E., de Jong-van den Berg, L.T.W. et al.\u00a0Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes over the course of 2016. Their skill and dedication are critical to the continued publication of the journal. The quality of published articles is, similarly, testament to the significant efforts of the peer reviewers, whose commitment ensures that the journal\u2019s content is held to the highest possible standard. We would like to thank the following individuals who acted as reviewers for Drugs\u2014Real World Outcomes in the last 12 months:We offer our sincere thanks to all authors who have contributed articles to Adebowale Dele Ademola, NigeriaKraemer Alwin, GermanyRichard H. Aster, USAPierrick Bedouch, FranceNancy Bernardy, USABenoit Boland, BelgiumMachaon Bonafede, USANeil Brickel, UKMarta Brooks, USAAnette Bygum, DenmarkJohanna Callhoff, GermanyWendy Cheng, USAVictoria Collings, UKRohan A. Elliott, AustraliaBarbara Farrell, CanadaPaula Fresco, PortugalMasahiro M. Fukuoka, JapanChris Gillette, USAB. Joseph Guglielmo, USAZeky Y\u00fcksel Gunaydin, TurkeyMark Haggard, UKJesper Hallas, DenmarkMainul Haque, MalaysiaSwapnil Hiremath, CanadaKeith B. Hoffman, USAChun-Ta Huang, TaiwanKlejda Hudhra, SpainSekwon Jang, USASusan Jick, USAPravin Kamble, USAHarparkash Kaur, UKDonald G. Klepser, USAPaul T. Kocis, USASam Kosari, AustraliaRichard Laing, USACecilie Johannessen Landmark, NorwayMarianne Lisby, DenmarkEleanor Lucas, USAHendrika Luijendijk, The NetherlandsAnke H. Maitland-van der Zee, The NetherlandsLouise Mallet, CanadaG. B. John Mancini, CanadaGloria Manso, SpainJohn F. McCarthy, USANatalie McCormick, CanadaAnthony B. Miller, CanadaAndrew Mosholder, USADomenico Motola, ItalyMarco Mula, UKGiorgio Mustacchi, ItalyPaul N. Newton, UKOnyema Ogbuagu, USAJan Palmblad, SwedenJean-Jacques Parienti, FranceTimo Partonen, FinlandKathryn Peri, New ZealandSathirakorn Pongpanich, ThailandValentin Prieto-Centurion, USANeal Ready, USAJenna M. Reps, UKJohn Robst, USAAlbert Roger, SpainJosea Rono, KenyaSabine Ruths, NorwayAlan Schorr, USATodd Semla, USAPasquale Striano, ItalyRoger E. Thomas, CanadaPhilippe Thuillier, FrancePetra A. Thurmann, GermanyJames E. Tisdale, USAGiuliano Tocci, ItalyAntonella Tosti, USARobert Vander Stichele, BelgiumBastiaan Venhuis, The NetherlandsPa-Chun Wang, TaiwanJuanita Westbury, AustraliaPeter K.K. Wong, AustraliaAntoinette A. Wozniak, USAIn addition, we would like to thank the members of the journal\u2019s Honorary Editorial Board, who have acted as peer reviewers and authors, and have provided guidance on journal content, policy and processes:G.C. Alexander, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USAA. Beresniak, Data Mining International, Geneva, SwitzerlandM.L. Berger, Pfizer, Inc.,\u00a0New York, NY, USAH. Birnbaum, Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USAJ.M. Bottomley, Amygdala Ltd., Letchworth Garden City, EnglandP. Denig, University of Groningen, Groningen, The NetherlandsJ.E. Fincham, Presbyterian College School of Pharmacy, Clinton, SC, USAB. Godman, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenD. Goldsmith, Goldsmith Pharmacovigilance and Systems, New York, NY, USAS. Karve, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USAN.Y. Kirson, Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USAC. Kozma, CK Consulting Associates, St. Helena Island, SC, USAT. Lasky, MIE Resources, Baltimore, MD, USAA.A. Mangoni, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaS. Mimica-Matanovic, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, CroatiaA. Modi, Merck, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USAJ.K. Sluggett, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, AustraliaK.A. Swanson, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USAJ.E Ware Jr., University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USAQ. Zou, The Lewin Group, Falls Church, VA, USAThe Patient (17.08%), Clinical Drug Investigation (15.99%), the American Journal of Clinical Dermatology (13.17%), Drug Safety (13.5%), and Drugs (12.43%).In other portfolio news, mid-2016 saw the release of the ISI Journal Citation Reports and the latest journal impact factors. The majority of our journals saw a rise in impact factor against the previous year. Most notably, five of our journals saw an increase of over 10% in impact factor \u2013 PharmacoEconomics\u2014Open. This new journal will be fully open access and will focus on the publication of applied research on the economic implications and health outcomes associated with drugs, devices and other healthcare interventions. It joins our other well respected health outcomes publications, PharmacoEconomics, Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, and The Patient: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research.The Adis journals portfolio will expand in 2017, with the launch of We hope that you have found the articles published throughout 2016 to be both interesting and informative. We have appreciated the high quality of content contributed to the journal this year and look forward to keeping you up to date with topical real-world outcomes in 2017.With best wishes from Dene Peters (Editor-in-Chief) and Kathy Fraser (Deputy Editor)."}
+{"text": "The editors of Dentistry Journal would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. In addition, MDPI has launched a collaboration with Publons, a website that seeks to publicly acknowledge reviewers on a per journal basis. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make.Ajay Sharma, LavanyaBerron, Brad J.Crowther, MarkArduino, Paolo G.Charalampakis, GeorgiosDalessandri, DomenicoAzuma, KazuoCho, Sang-ChoonDavis, Graham R.Baik, Hyoung-SeonChrcanovic, BrunoDouglass, JoannaBasrani, BettinaChu, Chun-HungEisenbeiss, Anne-KatrinBecker, KathrinCooper, PaulFirth, NormanFleisher, KennethGomes, BrendaG\u00fcldner, ChristianHalazonetis, Demetrios J.Hirshberg, AbrahamHofer, DeborahHorowitz, Robert A.Jaqui\u00e9ry, ClaudeKao, Daniel W.K.Kapellas, KostasKeeling, David M.Keller, Mette K.Khambay, Balvinder S.Kitamura, ChiakiKremer, UrsLang, ChristineLin, Yng-TzerMacEntee, MichaelManfredi, MaddalenaMarsich, EleonoraMazor, ZivMilosevic, AlexMonje, AlbertoNadjmi, NasserNascimento, CassioNibali, LuigiParnanen, PirjoPommer, BernhardPotluri, AnithaSahrmann, PhilippSato, TakuichiSchmidlin, PatrickSchroth, Robert J.Shapira, YehoshuaShimauchi, HidetoshiSimon, Stephane R.J.Sinon, SurayaSuzuki, NaoTadinada, AdityaThikkurissy, SaratTroedhan, AngeloVan Ryn, JoanneWalenga, Jeanine M.Warnakulasuriya, SamanXi, TongYakin, MumammedZaslanky, PaulZhao, Linping"}
+{"text": "AbstractGlochidionshanense Gang Yao & Shixiao Luo , is here described and illustrated. The species is morphologically most similar to G.ellipticum Wight, but can be distinguished from the latter by having hairy branchlets, longer pedicels, uniseriate and narrowly triangular sepals of female flowers, 4\u20135-locular ovaries, stout and cylindric persistent style on fruits.Based on morphological studies performed on live plants in the field and specimens deposited in herbaria, a new species,  Glochidion J.R. et G. Forst. is the second largest genus in the tribe Phyllantheae Dumortier, Phyllanthaceae Martynov  collected some  flowers .Glochidion material from herbaria HITBC, IBSC, K, KUN, P, PE and US, as well as consideration of the taxonomic literature of China MYANMAR. Shan State, Pindaya, near the Htwet Ni village, West of Pindaya town, at an elevation of 1396 m, forest understory, in flowering and fruiting, 25 December 2015, Shrubs or treelets, up to 2 m; monoecious; branchlets pubescent. Leaf blade oblong or elliptic, 9\u201313.5 \u00d7 4.5\u20136.5 cm, papery, slightly leathery, with apex acuminate to round and base broadly cuneate, sparsely pubescent along veins adaxially, pubescent abaxially; midvein and 6\u20139-paired lateral veins elevated abaxially. Petiole 3\u20134 mm long, pubescent. Stipules narrowly triangular, 2\u20134 mm long, pubescent. Male flowers: pedicels 6\u201310 mm long, densely tomentose; sepals 6, biseriate, oblong or ovate, densely tomentose; stamens 3. Female flowers: in axillary clusters, pedicels 1.5\u20132 mm long, densely strigose; sepals 6, uniseriate, narrowly triangular, densely strigose; ovary depressed globose, 4\u20135-locular, densely strigose; style connate into a cylinder, ca. 1 mm long, slightly truncate at apex, apex 4\u20135-lobed. Capsules depressed globose, 8\u20139 mm in diameter, ca. 4 mm high, sparsely pubescent, 8\u201310-grooved; persistent style cylindric, ca. 1 mm long; fruiting pedicels 4\u20135 mm long, stout, densely pubescent; seed laterally compressed, orange.Docyniaindica  Decne., Schimawallichii (DC.) Korth. and Pinus species.This new species is currently known only from its type locality, Shan State, eastern Myanmar, where it grows in the broadleaved and coniferous dry forest dominated by Glochidionshanense is named after its type locality, Shan State in eastern Myanmar.Glochidionellipticum Wight, a species widely distributed from eastern Himalaya to Taiwan Island, but differs from the latter by its branchlets densely pubescent (Figure G.ellipticum has the branchlets glabrous (Figures The species resembles t Figure , pedicelt Figure , sepals t Figure , ovariest Figure , fruits t Figure , persistt Figure . In cont Figures , pedicel Figures , female  Figures , sepals  Figures , ovaries Figures , fruits  Figures , persist Figures .PageBreakPageBreak"}
+{"text": "Behavioral Sciences would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Behavioral Sciences, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Behavioral Sciences in 2016:Antzoulatos, Evan G.Green, DidoPereira, LianeAvery, AmandaGupta, DishaPeskin, Melissa F.Bard, Kim A.Hilton, DonaldPickett, Scott M.Behnia, BehnamJohnson, Jennifer A.Posner, MichaelBello, Nicholas T.Kass, AndreaPoulos, AndrewBent, StephenKaye, LindaRaine, NigelBetz, AlisonKeeley, JaredReinke, JenniferBuchanan, David R.King, DanielRienecke, ReneeBurghardt, GordonKremling, JanineRinker, Dipali VenkataramanBurrell, LindseyKuan, Wei-LiRosenberg, Stanley D.Carter, GeraldLee, JihyunRussell, DanielCarvalho, PauloLehmann, HugoSamaritter, RosemarieChen, Yu-PingLevy, FlorenceSamsam, MohtashemChung, TammyLogan, CorinaScharoun, Sara MarieCismaru, MagdalenaLoppie, CharlotteSchrepferman, LynnCohen, JerryLuby, JoanSeimon, RadhikaCollins, AdamLynch, GeorginaSheppard, LizzyColombo, MikeMacDonald, SuzanneSkippon, Stephen M.Connolly, JenniferMartin, KarenSlack, Kristen ShookCooper, SimonMasicampo, E. J.Smith, DaleCraft, BaineMason, PeggySorbring, EmmaD\u2019Amato, AlessioMattison, MichelleSprague, JeffreyDaniel, ThomasMccabe, BrendaSteiner, BarbaraDavila-Ross, MarinaMcElwain, AlyssaStriley, Catherine W.Dean, LewisMerlo, EmilianoTabassum, FaizaDevereaux, ChristinaMichael, Kurt D.Taylor, Zoe E.Easton, AlexanderMoffatt, Gregory K.Tennie, ClaudioEl-Sheikh, MonaM\u00f8ller, MetteTrabace, LuigiaFoels, LeonoraNarayan, AngelaVoelbel, GeraldFrancis, LoriNarvaez, DarciaWeedn, Sonnee D.Friedman, Matthew J.Negri, NanetteYearwood, Edilma L.Gabriel, THORENSNobrega, SuzanneYoungstrom, EricGhaemi, S. NassirO\u2019Neill, NinaGirolami, Peter A.O\u2019Sullivan, LuciaThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Mouli Chakraborty, Chantal Sellier, Michel Ney, Pascal Villa, Nicolas Charlet-Berguerand, Ruben Artero, Beatriz Llamusidmm032557 (doi: 10.1242/dmm.032557)There was an error published in Dis. Model Mech. 11, The name of the co-author Pascal Villa was presented incorrectly. It has now been corrected and the original article changed correspondingly."}
+{"text": "In the original publication  the authIncorrect version:Zhang Kaihui, Huang Yan, Dong Rui , Yang Yali, Wang Ying , Zhang Haiyan , Zhang Yufeng , Gai Zhongtao and Liu YiCorrect version:Kaihui Zhang, Yan Huang, Rui Dong, Yali Yang, Ying Wang, Haiyan Zhang, Yufeng Zhang, Zhongtao Gai and Yi Liu."}
+{"text": "In the article titled \u201cA Rare Cause of Childhood Cerebellitis-Influenza Infection: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature\u201d , Dr. Can\u201cCSF cultures were bacteriologically sterile. Polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assays of CSF for influenza virus, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, adenovirus, enterovirus, cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus- 6, epstein-barr virus, and varicella zoster virus were all negative\u201d should be corrected to \u201cMultiplex polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assays of CSF for herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, adenovirus, enterovirus, cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus-6 and -7, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella zoster virus, parechovirus, parvovirus B19  and influenza virus type A and B, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, human coronavirus, enterovirus, and rhinovirus  were all negative.\u201d\u201cSerologic tests of his blood showed negative results for epstein-barr virus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, measles, mumps, rubella, and mycoplasma pneumoniae. Respiratory viruses such as adenovirus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, human bocavirus, human metapneumovirus, and coronavirus were not detected in the nasopharyngeal swab specimen by multiplex PCR. However, we identified influenza A H1N1 virus on the third day of the onset of the symptoms, which was when we started treatment with oseltamivir as 4\u2009\u2009mg/kg orally twice a day. The patient was diagnosed with influenza-associated cerebellitis based on the clinical findings\u201d should be corrected to \u201cSerologic tests of his blood showed negative results for Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus , measles, mumps, rubella, and mycoplasma pneumoniae . Respiratory viruses including adenovirus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, human bocavirus, human metapneumovirus, and coronavirus were not detected in the nasopharyngeal swab specimen by multiplex PCR .\u201dAdditionally, there were errors in the Case Representation section which should be corrected as follows:"}
+{"text": "AbstractEmbryopsidae (vascular plants), comprising data collated via the platform http://flora-on.pt/ relating to observation records of vascular plants across mainland Portugal. Observations are uploaded directly to the database primarily by experienced botanists and naturalists, typically on a weekly basis, and consist of geo-referenced data points for species (or infraspecific taxa) along with their date of observation and phenological state.The Flora-On dataset currently includes 253,310 occurrence records for the class The Flora-On project aims to compile and make publicly accessible chorological, ecological, morphological and photographic information for the entire vascular flora of Portugal. The project\u2019s website offers powerful query and visualization capabilities, of which we highlight the probabilistic bioclimatic and phenological queries which operate based on the empirical density distributions of species in those variables.Flora-On was created and continues to be maintained by volunteers who are Associate members of Sociedade Portuguesa de Bot\u00e2nica . Given its focus on research-grade and current data, the Flora-On project represents a significant contribution to the knowledge of the present distribution and status of the Portuguese flora. Flora-On, Interactive Flora of PortugalMiguel Porto (Programmer)The project does not have direct funding from any source, the platform being entirely built and maintained by volunteers. Maintenance costs of the web server are covered by the Associate membership fees of Sociedade Portuguesa de Bot\u00e2nica . However, externally funded projects have contributed through the provision of data.2 and, together with mainland Spain , forms a geographically well-defined territory known as the Iberian Peninsula.Portugal is located at the south westernmost extent of Europe Figure  and is bPageBreakvery prominent, including Serra de Montejunto (666 m), Maci\u00e7o Calc\u00e1rio Estremenho (610 m), Serra da Arr\u00e1bida (499 m), and Barrocal Algarvio (479 m).The orography of Portugal is heterogeneous, particularly from north to south, with the Mountains and Plains of the Iberian northwest and of the Iberian Central System dominating the northern parts of its territory . This reAcross mainland Portugal the vegetation is mainly Mediterranean in terms of both its structure and floristic composition. Semi-deciduous and perennial oak woodlands, \u201cmontado\u201d, shrublands, grasslands and silvo-agricultural systems occupy most of this area. Mainland Portugal supports approximately 2,900 native vascular plant taxa , 137 of https://github.com/miguel-porto/flora-on-server/The Flora-On project aims to compile and make publicly accessible chorological, ecological, morphological and photographic information of the entire vascular flora of Portugal. Occurrence data is regularly uploaded to the website by active collaborators, typically on a weekly basis, and consists of geo-referenced data points of species (or infraspecific taxa) along with their date of observation and phenological state. Additionally, other research projects contributed data to the project from their exhaustive sampling campaigns. An open-source version of the platform is currently under development and can be found at PageBreakconduct quantitative probabilistic species queries in relation to bioclimatic distribution, altitudinal distribution and flowering dates. With such queries species can be filtered and ranked by the degree of matching criteria defined by the user for one or more quantitative variables (including flowering date). This innovative feature is based upon empirical density distributions of species that are computed internally for each variable ;The bioclimatic explorer displays jointly the occurrences of the species that match the query in a bioclimatic/environmental space, with the possibility of overlaying multiple queries in the same plots, evidencing the ecological differences between species or groups of species  square, e.g. richness of spiny species, richness of summer-flowering species, richness of species occurring in less than five UTM squares, etc. (http://flora-on.pt/#w);The WebGIS displays (with the ability to download the output) the map of the number of species that match the query per http://flora-on.pt/#z);The multi-way interactive identification key allows users to identify species by iteratively narrowing down possible species, freely choosing its way through a set of characters. Displayed characters are adjusted for each iteration according to the list of possible species, and are highlighted according to their discriminant power, to enhance the efficiency of the identification process .http://flora-on.pt:8080/ipt/resource.do?r=flora-onIPT: http://www.gbif.org/dataset/7fe3eb5c-42bd-49d7-a30b-82c353ef6575GBIF: http://flora-on.pt/Website: Embryopsidae. The top orders, comprising 75% of the records, include: Asterales (13.8%); LamialesPageBreakPageBreak(11.3%); Poales (10.3%); Fabales (8.6%); Caryophyllales (6.5%); Asparagales (5.8%); Malvales (4.6%); Apiales (3.7%); Rosales (3.4%); Malpighiales (3.1%); Ericales (3%); and Fagales (2.7%).The Flora-On dataset includes 253,310 occurrence records of the class Asteraceae ; Fabaceae ; and Poaceae ; although some genera are still under-represented. This is probably due to the nature of the dataset, given that the greatest part of the contributions results from non-exhaustive field observations which likely result in the under-representation of the more inconspicuous taxa, or taxa difficult to identify in the field.In total, this dataset includes occurrence records for 150 plant families and 2073 taxa Kingdom: StreptophytaPhylum: EmbryopsidaeClass: Alismatales, Apiales, Aquifoliales, Arecales, Asparagales, Asterales, Boraginales, Brassicales, Buxales, Caryophyllales, Celastrales, Ceratophyllales, Commelinales, Cornales, Cucurbitales, Cupressales, Cyatheales, Dioscoreales, Dipsacales, Ephedrales, Equisetales, Ericales, Fabales, Fagales, Gentianales, Geraniales, Hymenophyllales, Isoetales, Lamiales, Laurales, Liliales, Lycopodiales, Malpighiales, Malvales, Myrtales, Nymphaeales, Ophioglossales, Osmundales, Oxalidales, Pinales, Piperales, Poales, Polypodiales, Proteales, Ranunculales, Rosales, Salviniales, Santalales, Sapindales, Saxifragales, Selaginellales, Solanales, Vitales, ZygophyllalesOrder: Acanthaceae, Aizoaceae, Alismataceae, Amaranthaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae, Apocynaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Araceae, Araliaceae, Arecaceae, Aristolochiaceae, Asparagaceae, Aspleniaceae, Asteraceae, Basellaceae, Betulaceae, Blechnaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Butomaceae, Buxaceae, Cactaceae, Campanulaceae, Cannabaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Celastraceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Cistaceae, Cleomaceae, Colchicaceae, Commelinaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cornaceae, Crassulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Culcitaceae, Cupressaceae, Cynomoriaceae, Cyperaceae, Cytinaceae, Davalliaceae, Dennstaedtiaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Dipsacaceae, Droseraceae, Drosophyllaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Elatinaceae, Ephedraceae, Equisetaceae, Ericaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Frankeniaceae, Gentianaceae, Geraniaceae, Haloragaceae, Hydrangeaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Hymenophyllaceae, Hypericaceae, Iridaceae, Isoetaceae, Juglandaceae, Juncaceae, Juncaginaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Lentibulariaceae, Liliaceae, Linaceae, Linderniaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Lythraceae, Malvaceae, Marsileaceae, Melanthiaceae, Menyanthaceae, Molluginaceae, Moraceae, Myricaceae, Myrtaceae, Nartheciaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Oleaceae, Onagraceae, Ophioglossaceae, Orchidaceae, Orobanchaceae, Osmundaceae, Oxalidaceae, Paeoniaceae, PageBreakPapaveraceae, Passifloraceae, Phyllanthaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Pinaceae, Pittosporaceae, Plantaginaceae, Platanaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Poaceae, Polygalaceae, Polygonaceae, Polypodiaceae, Pontederiaceae, Portulacaceae, Potamogetonaceae, Primulaceae, Proteaceae, Pteridaceae, Ranunculaceae, Resedaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae, Ruppiaceae, Rutaceae, Salicaceae, Salviniaceae, Santalaceae, Sapindaceae, Saxifragaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Selaginellaceae, Simaroubaceae, Smilacaceae, Solanaceae, Tamaricaceae, Taxaceae, Thelypteridaceae, Thymelaeaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Typhaceae, Ulmaceae, Urticaceae, Valerianaceae, Verbenaceae, Violaceae, Vitaceae, Woodsiaceae, Xanthorrhoeaceae, Zosteraceae, ZygophyllaceaeFamily: Common names: Vascular plantsUTM square .Sampling Description: A large proportion of the records corresponds to non-exhaustive observations of collaborators, although a significant amount of data results from fieldwork completed as part of other externally funded projects. When possible, plants are identified in the field at least to species level. Otherwise, plant material is collected and identification is confirmed in the lab by the collaborators. Phenological state is recorded if plants are flowering at the time of observation.http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource.do?r=alfa_checklist_florapt).Taxon nomenclature is fully controlled via use of a reference checklist, allowing neither spelling errors nor outdated synonyms. The reference checklist includes only currently accepted nomenclature which corresponds to an updated version of the \u201cChecklist da Flora de Portugal \u201d . Bioclimatic data are extracted from the climatic variables and bioclimatic indices compiled and developed by Monteiro-Henriques et al. (2015).The Flora-On dataset represents a major contribution to the knowledge of the present distribution of Portuguese and Iberian flora. Despite the lack of information in several parts of the territory, Flora-On dataset constitutes the most complete and up to date source of research-grade occurrence data on the Portuguese flora, since a great concern is put on ensuring the correctness of the data. Other existing nation-wide platforms covering occurrence data of the Portuguese flora have either a partial coverage or do not specifically target validated data. Furthermore, previous data on the Portuguese flora was limited to herbarium and bibliographic sources, which are largely not digitally accessible or accessible only in a very coarse format.Finally, the Flora-On project has been stimulating the collection of new data on the distribution of species, which has resulted in great improvements in the knowledge of many species. Indeed, the voluntary field work conducted by the collaborators has significantly improved the knowledge about the current status of many rare, protected by national and international legislation, or hardly known species, and several new species not known to occur in Portugal have been recently found.Object name: Darwin Core Archive Flora-On: occurrence data of the flora of mainland PortugalPageBreakCharacter encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0Distribution: http://flora-on.pt:8080/ipt/archive.do?r=flora-onPublication date of data: 2016-02-19Language: PortugueseLicences of use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 License.Metadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 2014-12-04Hierarchy level: DatasetUsed Darwin Core Terms: id, modified, language, rights, institutionID, collectionID, institutionCode, collectionCode, datasetName, ownerInstitutionCode, basisOfRecord, dataGeneralizations, occurrenceID, catalogNumber, occurrenceRemarks, recordedBy, reproductiveCondition, occurrenceStatus, eventDate, year, month, day, country, countryCode, county, municipality, decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, geodeticDatum, footprintWKT, footprintSRS, identifiedBy, dateIdentified, scientificName, higherClassification, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, specificEpithet, infraspecificEpithet, taxonRank, scientificNameAuthorship, nomenclaturalCode."}
+{"text": "Yamak D, Pavlicek B, Boltz T, Panse P, Akay M. Coronary calcium quantification using contrast\u2010enhanced dual\u2010energy computed tomography scans. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2013;14(3):4014.One author of the paper, David Frakes, was mistakenly left off the author list. He should be added in the fifth spot of the author list: Yamak D, Pavlicek B, Boltz T, Panse P, Frakes D, Akay M. His affiliation is:School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"}
+{"text": "High-Throughput maintains high quality standards for its published papers. In 2017, a total of 18 papers were published in the journal. Thanks to the cooperation of our reviewers, the median time to first decision was 23 days and the median time to publication was 50 days. The editors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for their time and dedication in 2017:Abdulmalik, OsheizaMou, HaiweiArany, PraveenNa, HuiminBen-Yoav, HadarNuthikattu, SaivageethiBlomberg, JonasP\u00e9rez, SoledadBorres, MagnusPerumal, DeepakChen, Chun-LiangPi, RongbiaoClifford, GaryPortelius, ErikConesa, AnaPurut\u00e7uo\u011flu, VildaDe Bragan\u00e7a Pereira, Carlos AlbertoRaynal, FlorenceDevine, DeirdreRobertson, DouglasDo, ThuySaikaly, PascalEnguita, FranciscoSinghrao, Sim K.Esguerra, JonathanStafford, PhilipFarlik, MatthiasSumoy, LauroGajula, RajendraTelen, MarilynGilbert, ElizabethTomasetti, MarcoGowans, EricUrbanelli, LorenaHindmarch, CharlieVashist, SandeepHuang, Weei-YuarnVladimirov, VladimirIjiri, DaichiVolinia, StefanoKodzius, RimantasVoss, MatthiasLin, Liang-TzungWang, RongshengLiu, ZhixiaWeng, ChingfengLou, FangfeiWu, HaoMelcher, KarstenXu, WeiM\u00e9tayer-Coustard, SoniaYen, Feng-LinMiernyk, Jan APeer review is an essential part in the publication process, ensuring that"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports7: Article number: 4466710.1038/srep44667; published online: 03202017; updated: 04192017The original version of this Article contained an incorrect affiliation list. The correct affiliations are listed below:Affiliation 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.Sangeetha Mahadevan, Khalied Kaskar & Ignatia B. Van den VeyverAffiliation 2Jan and Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.Sangeetha Mahadevan & Ignatia B. Van den VeyverAffiliation 3Century Scholars Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA.Varsha SathappanAffiliation 4Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA.Budi UtamaAffiliation 5Department of Molecular Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.Isabel Lorenzo & Ignatia B. Van den VeyverAffiliation 6Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.Sangeetha MahadevanThese errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of this Article."}
+{"text": "Jfb would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016. The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these intiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (JFB, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for JFB in 2016:Allain, Jean PaulJajam, KailashPozzobon, MichelaBarbetta, AndreaJeon, HojeongQuan, TaihaoBardag-Gorce, FawziaJimenez-Acosta, FranciscoQuandt, EckhardBiswas, SouvikKarp, JeffRavindra, NuggehalliCalvo-Guirado, Jos\u00e9 LuisKhadka, DhanRen, DongniChang, JungshanKhandaker, MorshedRico, FelixCheng, XingguoKim, Mee KumRohnke, MarcusCiofani, GianniKirsch, MichaelRose, Austin S.Coleman, NicholaKluger, Petra J.Sarda, St\u00e9phanieCollins, MauriceKong, LingxueSchniepp, HannesDaniell, M.Koren, KlausSilva, Simone S.Darvell, BrianLee, ChiSista, SubhashDe Aza, Piedad N.Lee, Hae-HyoungSnyder, NicoleDias, Ana M.Li, HuiSuzuki, ShukoDias, George JayanthaLoh, Xian JunTakano, KatsuraDinjaski, NinaLoh, Xian JunTanaka, MototsuguDrelich, JaroslawLoo, JoachimTanner, ElizabethDrummond, CarlosMannis, Mark J.Taubenberger, AnnaEdirisinghe, MohanMarchesan, S.Torres Filho, Ivo P.Fan, Pui L.Matsusaki, MichiyaTravagli, ValterFauzi, IlianaMattioli-Belmonte, MonicaTredget, Edward EFemenia, AntoniMemarzadeh, KavehTunesi, MartaGarcia Giralt, NataliaMiri, Amir K.Ulrich, M.M.W.Georgieva, RadostinaMiron, Richard J.Vern\u00e8, EnricaGolkowski, MarkMontesarchio, DanielaVorndran, ElkeGomer, Richard H.Morelli, CatiaWang, Tzu-WeiHahm, Ki BaikMoseke, ClausWang, WenxinHarkin, DamienMotta, AntonellaWelch, TreHedhammar, MyMunoz, XavierWiegand, CorneliaHejazi, VahidMusson, David S.Wininger, MichaelHofmann, SandraNishiyama, NorihiroYamato, MasayukiHsiang, Hsing-IPalumbo, Fabio SalvatoreZehnder, MatthiasH\u00fclsmann, MichaelPascu, IrinaZieske, JamesHung, Kuo-YungPezzella, AlessandroIlmarinen, TanjaPires, Ricardo A.The following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Bacillus strains isolated from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. According to their genome sequences, 28 isolates were assigned to 10 Bacillus species. Seventeen strains could not be assigned and are subjects of further research.Here, we report the draft genome sequences of 45 plant-associated  Bacillus strains isolated from samples taken from different sites of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, known as the Third Pole of the world  was used for genome-based species delineation. Formula 2, which is especially appropriate to analyze draft genomes, was used  was used to determine the average nucleotide identity based on BLAST+ (ANIb) by pairwise genome comparisons , and the sequencing was done in 300-nucleotide (nt) paired-end mode on an Illumina MiSeq version 3 sequencing platform at LGC Genomics . Reads were trimmed and assembled pipeline . Genome pipeline . The genl., 2013 ). In addparisons . The recBacillus wiedmannii , B. atrophaeus , B. pumilus (PVQT00000000 to PVQX00000000), B. halotolerans , B. subtilis (PVRJ00000000 and PVRK00000000), B. thuringiensis (PVRL00000000 and PVRM00000000), B. velezensis (PVRO00000000 and PVRP00000000), B. paralicheniformis (PVQR00000000), B. safensis (PVQS00000000), and B. toyonensis (PVRN00000000). Seventeen strains could not be assigned down to the species level due to their estimated GGDC (<70%) and ANIb (<96%) values. Most of the strains (15 isolates) are related to B. pumilus . The genome sequence of strain RJGP41 (PVQJ00000000) is distantly related to B. simplex, while strain LLTC93 (PVME00000000) resembles the type strain of B. xiamenensis, HYC-10. Further research is in progress in order to clarify the taxonomic position of these cold-adapted strains.According to their draft genome sequences, we have assigned 28 of the isolates as representatives of PVME00000000, PVQJ00000000, PVQK00000000, PVQL00000000, PVQM00000000, PVQN00000000, PVQO00000000, PVQP00000000, PVQQ00000000, PVQR00000000, PVQS00000000, PVQT00000000, PVQU00000000, PVQV00000000, PVQW00000000, PVQX00000000, PVQY00000000, PVQZ00000000, PVRA00000000, PVRB00000000, PVRC00000000, PVRD00000000, PVRE00000000, PVRF00000000, PVRG00000000, PVRH00000000, PVRI00000000, PVRJ00000000, PVRK00000000, PVRL00000000, PVRM00000000, PVRN00000000, PVRO00000000, PVRP00000000, PVRQ00000000, PVRR00000000, PVRS00000000, PVRT00000000, PVRU00000000, PVWA00000000, PVWB00000000, PVWC00000000, PVWX00000000, PVWY00000000, and PYWP00000000. The versions described in this paper are the first versions.These whole-genome shotgun projects have been deposited at DDBJ/ENA/GenBank under the accession numbers"}
+{"text": "Heterosigma akashiwo. These ~160-kb sequences contain 124 protein-, 6 rRNA-, and 34 tRNA-coding sequences. Notable sequence variations were observed among these seven sequenced and two previously characterized strains.We report here the complete chloroplast genome sequences of seven strains of the bloom-forming raphidophyte  Heterosigma akashiwo is a eukaryotic, unicellular, bloom-forming alga that belongs to the family Raphidophyceae. It has been identified in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans and in both the northern and southern hemispheres, thus spanning a wide climate range from arctic to tropic  of seven H.\u00a0akashiwo strains with different geographic origins: CCAP934/8 , EHUSP1 , CCAP934/4 , CCMP2274 , CCMP3374 , HaFk01 , and CCMP1596 . Total DNA was extracted from H.\u00a0akashiwo cells using the DNeasy blood and tissue kit (Qiagen). The libraries were sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq platform, and the obtained paired-end reads were mapped to the previously published sequences, H.\u00a0akashiwo ptDNA of NIES293 (EU168190) and CCMP452 (EU168191)  . The obtU168191) . ProteincfxQs, psaA, psaB, psaC, psaD, psaF, psaL, psb28, two psbAs, psbB, two psbCs, two psbDs, psbE, psbH, psbV, two rbcLs, ycf3, ycf34, and ycf35) were identified in each strain, as reported previously for strains CCMP452 and NIES293. Similarly, 34 previously known tRNA genes, including 2 pseudogenes, were identified in all strains. As previously reported, all strains possessed ~22-kb invert repeats, and the strains CCAP934/8, CCMP2274, and HaFk01 contained an ~8.0-kb inversions, flanked between the tyrC and psb28 genes, compared to those of strains EHUSP01, CCAP934/4, CCMP3374, and CCMP1596. The parts of the H.\u00a0akashiwo ptDNA sequences, between 17.5 and 18 kb and 66 and 66.5 kb, showed notable polymorphisms, which may be utilized as strain-specific markers.The lengths of the ptDNAs of strains CCAP934/8, EHUSP01, CCAP934/4, CCMP2274, CCMP3374, HaFk01, and CCMP1596 were 159,918 bp, 160,150 bp, 160,099 bp, 159,321 bp, 160,152 bp, 159,492 bp, and 159,691 bp, respectively, and G+C contents were 30.5% for all the strains. Twenty-four genes related to photosynthesis (two LC269918 (CCAP934/8), LC269919 (EHUSP01), LC269920 (CCAP934/4), LC269921 (CCMP2274), LC269922 (CCMP3374), LC269923 (HaFk01), and LC269924 (CCMP1596).The sequences reported here were deposited in DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession numbers"}
+{"text": "Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 66, No. 19 pp. 6035\u20136045, 2017 doi: 10.1093/jxb/erv318In the original version of this paper, a contributing author\u2019s name was spelt incorrectly.\u201cYing Wang, Liming Cao, Yuexiong Zhang, Changxiang Cao, Fang Liu, Fengkuan Huang, Yongfu Qiu, Rongbai Li and Xiaojin Lou\u201dThe corrected list of authors now reads as follows:\u201cYing Wang, Liming Cao, Yuexiong Zhang, Changxiang Cao, Fang Liu, Fengkuan Huang, Yongfu Qiu, Rongbai Li and Xiaojin Luo\u201d"}
+{"text": "Diseases would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015. The editors of We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make.Amberbir, AlemayehuHolsen, LauraNaeije, R.Avila, Matias A.Hong, Mee YoungNeilson, AndrewBakillah, AhmedHoybye, CharlotteNienaber, Christoph ABrown, Alan S.Humpl, TilmanO\u2019Reilly, CiaraBudzy\u0144ski, JacekIwasawa, TaeOstergaard, John R.Cauli, OmarJeong, Yong-SeobPees, ChristianeChan, Anthony WHJeong, Kyu-ShikPerret, ChristineChao, YeeJohnson, Martin K.Pilolli, RosaChatzigeorgiou, AntoniosJ\u00f8rgensen, Anders Palmstr\u00f8mPregnolato, MassimoChiu, Hsin-HuiKingsley, J. DerekPumpens, PaulChong, Charing Ching-NingKohl, Nancy E.Ran\u010di\u0107, Z.Ciclitera, PaulKusters, JohannesRimassa, LorenzaCuperlovic-Culf, MiroslavaKwon, Dong-YeulRoncalli, Massimoda Costa, Jos\u00e9 Manuel CorreiaLa Vieille, S\u00e9bastienSatokari, ReettaDangardt, Frida.Lammi, AnneScalbert, AugustinDe Backer, JulieLee, YoungJooSkaaby, TeaDe Pinho, Paula GuedesLee, Terence Kin-WahStamm, StefanDeFelice, Amy R.Lionetti, ElenaTang, WeiDelvecchio, MaurizioLove, Brian E.Terzuoli, LuciaEferl, RobertLu, KunTheriault, StevenEinfeld, StewartLundin, SamuelThuesen, Betina H.ElBakri, AliMalnick, Stephen David HowardTorres, M.I.Galli, AndreaMatsunami, KatsuyoshiTsukiyama-Kohara, KyokoGaudreau, LucMoco, SofiaWang, Hee-JungGermano, DomenicoMolinari, MicheleWevrick, RachelGil, AnaMorris, ShaineWingren, Carl JohanHato, TaiMuscatelli, Fran\u00e7oiseYen, EricHe, A. RuthMyl\u00e9us, AnnaYu, Su JongHiratsuka, Masahiro"}
+{"text": "The authors\u2019 names are all spelled incorrectly. The correct spelling for each author is:Ben-Chuan Lin, Bo-Kui Chen, Ya-Chun Gao, Chi K. Tse, Chuan-Fei Dong, Li-Xin Miao, Bing-Hong WangThe correct citation is:10.1371/journal.pone.0156756Lin B-C, Chen B-K, Gao Y-C, Tse CK, Dong C-F, Miao L-X, et al. (2016) Advanced Algorithms for Local Routing Strategy on Complex Networks. PLoS ONE 11(7): e0156756. doi:There are two errors in the author affiliations:The affiliation for the second author, Bo-Kui Chen, is incorrect. Bo-Kui Chen is not affiliated with #3 but with #2, School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeThe affiliation for the fifth author, Chuan-Fei Dong, is incorrect. Chuan-Fei Dong is not affiliated with #8 but with: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America."}
+{"text": "They should have been listed as: Mengdi Wang, MM, Weiwei Sun,MD, Zhenjie Chen, MD, Xiaona Wang, BM, Jie Lv, MD, Quanming Tan, MM, Yaoxian Wang, MD, Jingwei Zhou, MD.In the article, \u201cMultiple aneurysms and gastrointestinal involvement in Behcet's disease: A case report\u201d,"}
+{"text": "Toxics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.Toxics, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Toxics in 2016:Anadon, ArturoDrapeau, PierrePeyton, David H.Antunes, MargaridaEvelyn, TalbottPivato, AlbertoAlbuquerque, TeresaFaggio, CaterinaPorsch H\u00e4llstr\u00f6m, IngerAlexander, Laura E. CrottyFinazzi, FrancescoPottinger, Tom G.Aris, AzizFitsanakis, VanessaPowell, CraigBailey, HelenFletcher, John S.Radbruch, LucasBarrett, Emily S.Fujihara, JunkoRainieri, SandraB\u00e4umler, HansGangula, PanduRamesh, Tennore M.Baxter, LisaGeorgieva, RadostinaRogiers, BartBellinger, DavidGreim, HelmutSacks, Jason D.Blukacz-Richards, E. AgnesHarrison, RoySarras, Michael P. Jr.Bodin, JohannaHatch, ElizabethSaunders, David M.V.Boogaard, PeterHendryx, MichaelSchnug, EwaldBouchard, Mich\u00e8leHosgood, Howard DeanSekine, YoshikaBrown, Grant E.Kim, Yong PyoSemple, SeanBury, Nic R.Koehler, RaymondSetou, MitsutoshiChai, TianfengKojima, HiroyukiSilva, L\u00edgiaChan, King MingKwak, Wan-SupSimon, EszterChen, JiangangLachenmeier, DirkSnow, Mathew S.Chen, Te-HaoLai, Chia-HsiangSogorb, Miguel A.Cheng, DelfineLee, Jin HeonSone, HidekoChrzanowski, \u0141ukaszLin, ZhoumengTava, AldoChurchill, David G.Liu, Hui-MingTigini, ValeriaCicero, Theodore J.Liu, Shing-HwaTouboul, DavidConti, BarbaraLooger, LorenUlrich, FranckCrunelle, CleoLuzio, AnaWallace, DavidCyr, Daniel G.Mackinnon, GillianWalton, AnnMarieD\u2019annibale, AlessandroMaricle, Brian R.Wang, WeiDe Gennaro, GianluigiMyridakis, AntonisWard, TonyDe Lourdes Pereira, MariaNasuti, CinziaWorek, FranzDe Oliveira Fernandes, EduardoOh, Jin-WooXu, XiaohuiDevillers, JamesOrford, RobDeWitt, Jamie C.Padilla, StephanieThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) sincerely thanks our peer reviewers in 2017.The  Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) sincerely thanks the 154 reviewers in 2017 who helped vet and improve the quality of work published in our journal.The JMLA is always looking to expand our pool of reviewers who can critically comment on any topic of research or practice in health sciences librarianship. If you are interested in serving as a peer reviewer for the JMLA, please send your CV to the editor-in-chief at jmla@journals.pitt.edu.The Nancy AdamsNancy J. Allee, AHIPKristine M. Alpi, AHIPKatelyn AngellKenning ArlitschNell AronoffCaitlin J. Bakker, AHIPMichael Eliot BalesBecky Baltich NelsonJill Barr-WalkerRobert D. BeckettJoeran BeelChristopher BelterCatherine BodenJill T. Boruff, AHIPPaul BrackeWichor BramerMarci BrandenburgHeather BrownNicole Capdarest-Arest, AHIPAlexander James CarrollThane ChambersDeborah H. CharbonneauYibu ChenNicole ContaxisMarisa ConteI. Diane Cooper, AHIPJoseph CostelloJill Crawley-LowAndrew CreamerVicki F. Croft, FMLA, AHIPPrudence Dalrymple, AHIPKate Daniels, AHIPAriel DeardorffAntonio P. DeRosa, AHIPRobin DesmeulesJo Dorsch, AHIP, FMLAKathel DunnMartha Earl, AHIPErin RB EldermireJonathan Eldredge, AHIPKeith D. Engwall, AHIPJulia M. Esparza, AHIPAlison FarrellLisa Federer, AHIPBarbara FolbErin FosterMargaret Jane Foster, AHIPRick Fought, AHIPSuzanne Fricke, AHIPJulie GlanvilleAbigail GobenSally GoreKelsey Grabeel, AHIPAdelia GrabowskyKaren Elizabeth GutzmanLaura J. HallMargaret Henderson, AHIPJennifer HerronToni Hoberecht, AHIPKristi L. HolmesCarol L. HoweElla HuJeffrey HuberShanda L. HuntEmily Margaret Johnson, AHIPRebecca McKay Johnson, AHIPTimothy P. JohnsonDixie A. Jones, AHIPDouglas JoubertKellie Kaneshiro, AHIPJill R. Kavanaugh, AHIPErin KerbyAlla KeselmanAndrea M. Ketchum, AHIPSujin KimDaniel KipnisStephen Kiyoi, AHIPMolly Knapp, AHIPAmy Knehans, AHIPLaura KoppenPetros KostagiolasFred Willie Zametkin LaPollaJanna Lawrence, AHIPBrenda M. Linares, AHIPAnne M. Linton, AHIPAyaba LoganDiana Nelson LoudenYa-Ling LuMark MacEachernKeith C. Mages, AHIPShaheen MajidLisa MastinSarah McClungKaren McElfresh, AHIPMisa Mi, AHIPElizabeth MoretonMartin MorrisBeverly Murphy, AHIP, FMLABethany Myers, AHIPJoey NicholsonTyler NixRob O\u2019ReillyJessica R. Page, AHIPRobin M. N. ParkerCarol L. PerrymanShenita PetersonJodi L. Philbrick, AHIPElizabeth PienaarJJ PionkeT. Scott Plutchak, AHIP, FMLAKimberly PowellZahra PremjiNeil H. RamboRebecca Raszewski, AHIPRebecca RaworthKevin ReadSophie M. Regalado, AHIPDavid ResnikMelissa L. Rethlefsen, AHIPRebecca Reznik-ZellenStephanie Roth, AHIPSarah SafranekAlexandra SarkozyCathy Sarli, AHIPLou Ann ScartonCynthia SchmidtCarolyn SchubertStephanie J. SchulteJean Shipman, AHIP, FMLAJean SongAnsley Stuart, AHIPAlisa SurkisStephanie Swanberg, AHIPNatalie TaggeMaria TanNancy TanneryMarilyn Teolis, AHIPNicole Theis-MahonLorraine ToewsEfren Torres Jr.Whitney Ann TownsendVedana VaidhyanathanEmily VardellSarah May VisintiniRachel R. WaldenVerma WalkerAmanda Wanner, AHIPErin Watson, AHIPMonique WesselsJulia Charma WhelanJeff D. Williams, AHIPKristen L. Young, AHIPKathy Zeblisky, AHIP"}
+{"text": "Email: The original address provided was: MKQURAISHI@doctors.org.ukDepartment of Urology, Medway Maritime Hospital, 5 Miraj Avenue, Sparkhill, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK, B11 4JW; E-mail: The correct affiliation of Dr. Bhavna which is mentioned below:Integrated Rheumatology and Arthritis Centre, Dubai Healthcare City, DubaiThe original affiliation provided was: Department of Rheumatology, Dubai Mall Medical Center, Dubai, UAE"}
+{"text": "In the original article, the name of the author Nikita Khmelinskii was missing by mistake. The authors apologize for this oversight.New Author Contribution Statement:Conceived and designed the experiments: IP, JC-L, HC, MA, and JF. Performed the experiments: IP and JC-L. Analyzed the data: IP, JC-L, RC-M, CP, NK, EV-S, and HC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: IP, RC-M, CP, EV-S, NK and HC. Wrote, reviewed, and accepted the final version of the paper: IP, JC-L, RC-M, CP, EV-S, NK, HC, MA, and JF.These errors do not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.The original article has been updated.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."}
+{"text": "Journal of Developmental Biology would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015. The editors of We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make.Andres, Anne-CatherineKappen, ClaudiaNo\u00ebl, Emily S.Barucca, MarcoKashimada, KenichiOakes, SamanthaBelo, Jos\u00e9 Ant\u00f3nioKawamata, ShinPavlov, Youri I.B\u00fcrglin, Thomas R.Kiminobu, SugayaPorcher, CatherineBush, JeffreyKlein, David C.Pusapati, GaneshChen, YipingKmita, MarieRoegiers, FabriceChirumbolo, SalvatoreKouskoff, ValerieRothuizen, Tonia C.Dykes, Iain M.Koyama, TomotsuguShinoka, ToshiharuEl-Bialy, TarekKrum, Susan A.Sima, JianEnzmann, VolkerKusumi, KenroSommerville, JohnFraser, Stuart T.Lafontant, Pascal J.Sparatore, BiancaFukai, TohruLai, Wen-Fu ThomasTawil, Bill J.Greenfield, AndyLi, HongdaThomas-Chollier, MorganeGuehring, ThorstenLien, Ching-LingTuan, Tai-lanHadri, LahouariaLoeken, Mary R.van Beuningen, Henk M.Han, JingjiaMonaghan, James R.Vaughan, MelvilleHan, JinnuoMonte-Alto-Costa, Andr\u00e9aWalsh, William R.Harfe, Brian D.Mukhtar, M. Shahid Yamazaki, JunHeilig, JulianeMuneoka, KenYang, TaoHeissig, BeateMu\u00f1oz-Ch\u00e1puli, Ram\u00f3nYang, Wan-XiHorsley, ValerieNawshad, AliYang, YeHuber, Paul W.Neri, SimonaYano, TohruImmink, RichardNichols, Joan E.Zhang, DonghuiJanuschke, JensNiu, JingwenZhou, JunJa\u017awi\u0144ska, AnnaNiyibizi, ChristopherZorn, Aaron"}
+{"text": "Psychologica Belgica have been assessed conscientiously and unselfishly by expert reviewers. The quality of our journal totally depends on their valuable and constructive criticisms to the authors. Both the editors and the authors highly appreciate the input and dedication of all our reviewers. Many thanks.All manuscripts published in  Nathalie Aelterman, Ghent University, BelgiumAikaterini \u2013 Aliki Michou, Bilkent University, TurkeyJessica Alleva, Maastricht University, NetherlandsCarryl Baldwin, George Mason University, USAChristine Bastin, University of Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumMoti Benita, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, IsraelRaul Berrios, University of Sheffield, UKWim Beyers, Ghent University, BelgiumFilip Boen, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumPiet Bracke, Ghent University, BelgiumLieven Brebels, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumBernd Carette, Ghent University, BelgiumFabienne Chetail, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumElien De Caluw\u00e9, Ghent University, BelgiumKathleen De Cuyper, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumJan De Mol, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, BelgiumGert-Jan De Muynck, Ghent University, BelgiumEdina Doci, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BelgiumGesine Dreisbach, Universit\u00e4t Regensburg, GermanyHeiner Drenhaus, Saarland University, GermanyMartin Edwards, The university of Sydney, AustraliaAndrew Elliot, University of Rochester, USAChiedu Eseadi, University of Nigeria Nsukka, NigeriaMariana Falconier, Virginia Tech, USAMarjolein Feys, Ghent University, BelgiumCharlie Frowd, University of Winchester, UKNicolas Gillet, Universit\u00e9 Francois-Rabelais de Tours, FranceLuc Goossens, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumSharon Goto, Pomona College, USALeen Haerens, Ghent University, BelgiumMichel Hansenne, University of Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumWalter Herbranson, Whitman College, USAKineta Hung, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong KongPeter Iserbyt, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumKonrad Jankowski, University of Warsaw, PolandAnne Joosten, Ghent University, BelgiumTheo Klimstra, Tilburg University, NetherlandsFleur Kraanen, University of Amsterdam, NetherlandsJulie Krans, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumLeah Lefebvre, University of Wyoming, USACraig Leth-Steensen, Carleton University, CanadaMichael Lewis, Cardiff University, UKLisa Linnenbrink-Garcia, University of Michigan, USAKoen Luyckx, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumGenevi\u00e8ve Mageau, University of Montreal, CanadaLars-Erik Malmberg, University of Oxford, UKLennia Matos Fernandez, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, PeruDora Matzke, University of Amsterdam, NetherlandsAnneleen Mortier, Ghent University, BelgiumGreta Noordenbos, Leiden University, NetherlandsDavid O\u2019Brien, Baruch College, USALauri Oksama, National Defence University, FinlandLeen Oris, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumSoren Ostergaard, Aarhus University, DenmarkDaniele Panizza, University of G\u00f6ttingen, GermanyThea Peetsma, University of Amsterdam, NetherlandsMaria Ranzini, Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumCatherine Ratelle, Universit\u00e9 Laval, CanadaGuy Roth, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, IsraelWalter Schaeken, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumRachel Seginer, University of Haifa, IsraelCorwin Senko, State University of New York, USADirk Smits, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumBart Soenens, Ghent University, BelgiumArnaud Szmalec, University College London, UKPeter Theuns, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BelgiumElisabet Tubau, Universitat de Barcelona, SpainJasper Van Assche, Ghent University, BelgiumSara Van Autreve, Ghent University, BelgiumBram Van den Bergh, Erasmus University, NetherlandsHans van der Baan, University of Amsterdam, NetherlandsPieter Van Dessel, Ghent University, BelgiumJulie Vandewalle, Ghent University, BelgiumKim Van Durme, Ghent University, BelgiumJanne Vanhalst, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumKarla Van Leeuwen, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumHubert Van Puyenbroeck, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BelgiumMaarten Vansteenkiste, Ghent University, BelgiumTim Vantilborgh, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BelgiumJulie Verstraeten, Ghent University, BelgiumBart Wille, Ghent University, BelgiumKim Willems, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, BelgiumAlex Wood, University of Stirling, UKRalf Wolfer, University of Oxford, UKMingming Zhou, University of Macau, China"}
+{"text": "Available on\u2010line atwww.aapm.org/meetings/2013SCM/2013 AAPM Spring Clinical MeetingMarch 16 \u2013 19, 2013Phoenix, AZChairDavid E. Hintenlang, PhDUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FLOrganizersTHERAPY TRACKJoann I. Prisciandaro, PhDRadiation OncologyUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor, MIDimitris Mihailidis, PhDRad Onc and Med PhysCharleston Radiation Therapy ConsCharleston, WVPROFESSIONAL TRACKDavid E. Hintenlang, PhDUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FLDIAGNOSTIC TRACKRobert A. Pooley, PhDRadiologyMayo ClinicJacksonville, FLYOUNG INVESTIGATOR PROGRAMJessica B. Clements, MSMedical PhysicsTexas Health Presbyterian Hospital DallasDallas, TXBrian Wang, PhDUniversity UtahHuntsman Cancer HospitalSalt Lake City, UTJean M. Moran, PhDDept of Radiation Oncology B2C438Ann Arbor, MIJessica B. Clements, MSMedical PhysicsTexas Health Presbyterian Hospital DallasDallas, TXMAMMOGRAPHY TRACKWilliam Geiser, MSImaging PhysicsM.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX"}
+{"text": "One of the author names was misspelled in the paper. \u2018Lucia Burgia\u2019 should be amended to \u2018Lucia Burgio\u2019 and the author list should be as follows:Isabelle De Groote, Linus Girdland Flink, Rizwaan Abbas, Silvia M. Bello, Lucia Burgio, Laura Tabitha Buck, Christopher Dean, Alison Freyne, Thomas Higham, Chris G. Jones, Robert Kruszynski, Adrian Lister, Simon A. Parfitt, Matthew M. Skinner, Karolyn Shindler and Chris B. Stringer"}
+{"text": "The correct citation is: Mehrvarz Sarshekeh A, Advani S, Overman MJ, Manyam G, Kee BK, Fogelman DR, et al. (2017) Association of SMAD4 mutation with patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and clinical outcomes in colorectal cancer. PLoS ONE 12(3): e0173345."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports7:11915; doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10151-1; Article published online 20 September 2017The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Natalia Marek- Trzonkowska, Karolina Piekarska, Natalia Filipowicz, Arkadiusz Piotrowski, Magdalena Gucwa, Katrin Vogt, Birgit Sawitzki, Janusz Siebert & Piotr Trzonkowski which were incorrectly given as Marek- Trzonkowska Natalia, Piekarska Karolina, Filipowicz Natalia, Piotrowski Arkadiusz, Gucwa Magdalena, Vogt Katrin, Sawitzki Birgit, Siebert Janusz & Trzonkowski Piotr.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article and in the accompanying Supplementary Material."}
+{"text": "Bioengineering would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015.The editors of Aarts, Ronald M.Baigude, HurichaBazylinski, Dennis A.Branchini, AlessioCarothers, JamesCasa\u00f1-Pastor, N.Ching, Congo Tak ShingCinelli, PatriziaCosta, RuiDe Vrieze, JoDe-Juan-Pardo, Elena M.Dijkstra, PaulDoeven, EganEsteves, SandraFeng, YuHanai, TaizoHasegawa, ShinyaHastings, AstleyHeo, Min-SukHorstkorte, R\u00fcdigerHuang, Po-WheiJayant, Rahul DevJiang, NingJing, FuyuanKao, KatyKaviratna, AnubhavKovacs, Korn\u00e9lLan, EthanLazzara, MatthewLeporatti, StefanoLewis, NathanLi, GuanglinLi, HangLienen, TobiasLiu, JingLu, TingMatsumoto, TakeshiMorabito, Francesco CarloNalayanda, DivyaNaseer, NomanNuhn, LutzO'Connor, Jos\u00e9-EnriqueOrellana, GuillermoPantaleo, A.M.Pauss, AndrePoertner, RalfPolacheck, WilliamPolizzi, KarenPusapati, GaneshRagunathan, KaushikRamos, JoseRamos, VictoriaRichardson, James W.Rodriguez, GabrielRuiz-Rodr\u00edguez, Juan C.Saady, Noori M. CataSahm, KerstinSamba, RamonaSchuman, MeredithShah, PratikkumarShimizu, HiroshiShirure, VenkteshSmith, KerryStams, Alfons J. M.Stratakis, EmmanuelSvensson, BoTanaka, KatsunoriTashiro, YoheiThomsen, Sune TjalfeWagner, Andreas OttoWang, YangWiedemann, Philipp Wujcik, EvanYarema, KevinYoon, SeongkyuZengler, KarstenZhang, YaleiZhang, GeZinn, ManfredWe greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. In addition, MDPI has launched a collaboration with Publons, a website that seeks to publicly acknowledge reviewers on a per journal basis. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make."}
+{"text": "By January 2017, more than 400 patients from 17 mostly European countries have been registered in the ARPKD registry study with significant follow-up data. Due to comprehensive retro- and prospective data collection and associated biobanking, ARegPKD will generate a unique ARPKD cohort with detailed longitudinal clinical characterization providing a basis for future clinical trials as well as translational research. Hence, ARegPKD is hoped to contribute to the pathophysiological understanding of the disease and to the improvement of clinical management.Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a rare monogenic disease with a severe phenotype often presenting prenatally or in early childhood. With its obligate renal and hepatic involvement, ARPKD is one of the most important indications for liver and/or kidney transplantation in childhood. Marked phenotypic variability is observed, the genetic basis of which is largely unknown. Treatment is symptomatic and largely empiric as evidence-based guidelines are lacking. Therapeutic initiatives for ARPKD face the problem of highly variable cohorts and lack of clinical or biochemical risk markers without clear-cut clinical end points. ARegPKD is an international, multicenter, retro- and prospective, observational study to deeply phenotype patients with the clinical diagnosis of ARPKD. Initiated in 2013 as a web-based registry ( Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a severe form of polycystic kidney disease with early manifestation and substantial morbidity and mortality. ARPKD constitutes one of the most important causes of renal replacement therapy and/or liver transplantation in childhood. Hence, the disease has substantial socioeconomic impact despite its low incidence  (polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 (PKHD1), encoding the ciliary protein fibrocystin/polyductin .The genotype\u2013phenotype correlation is currently refined to the observation that patients with two truncating mutations in mutation . HoweverRemarkably, even up to 20% of siblings show marked variance in phenotype , indicatThe treatment of renal insufficiency, arterial and pulmonary hypertension as well as the management of the hepatic phenotype with congenital hepatic fibrosis, portal hypertension, and cholangitis are largely symptomatic and opinion based, relying on expert recommendations . DiseaseSeveral landmark studies, e.g., by Guay-Woodford and Desmond , BergmanTo tackle these questions and challenges, the ARegPKD registry study was recently initiated by the German Society for Pediatric Nephrology (GPN) and the European Study Consortium for Chronic Kidney Disorders Affecting Pediatric Patients Network (ESCAPE-Network). Here, we report about the current state of progress of this study.ARegPKD is an international, multicenter, and observational study that follows both pediatric and adult patients with the clinical diagnosis of ARPKD .Clinical/laboratory signs of hepatic fibrosisHepatic pathology demonstrating ductal plate abnormalityAbsence of renal enlargement and/or multiple cysts in both parentsPathoanatomic diagnosis of ARPKD in an affected siblingFamily history consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance.Diagnostic criteria are (a) typical findings on renal imaging and (b) one or more of the following criteria:Exclusion criteria encompass definite genetic, histological, or clinical proof of other cystic kidney disorders.Patient status\u2014baseline evaluation Renal status including symptoms, radiological findings, and biopsy resultsExtrarenal status regarding liver  and other organs Laboratory valuesMedications with start and end date, doseTherapy including renal replacement therapy, surgical procedures, and other proceduresFurther developments  with inclusion of user-defined comments.Deep phenotypic characterization is ensured by entry of basic data and both retro- and prospective visits. Basic data encompass age and clinical symptoms at primary manifestation as well as perinatal period, genetic testing, and family history. Date of diagnosis and criteria leading to diagnosis are checked for plausibility with other entries. The visits  can be entered retro- and prospectively thereby also enabling inclusion of deceased pediatric patients in order to counteract the problem of underreporting of severely affected and early deceased patients. Visits are planned to be entered annually but can be documented at flexible time intervals, e.g., using longer intervals for retrospective entry of adult patients but more frequent prospective data entries of incident patients. In this way, detailed longitudinal information is provided over decades of patient follow-up for the following type of information:www.aregpkd.org) by authorized medical personnel. Subject pseudonymization is performed at the corresponding center. The database is stored on a safe server of the Cologne University Computing Facilities and secured by use of SSL connections.Pseudonymized data are entered into a password-restricted, web-based database  consortium, in which clinicians, geneticists, and basic scientists have teamed up to study the clinical and genetic overlap of cystic kidney diseases and establish guidelines for diagnostics and standards of care. Within the frame of NEOCYST ARegPKD will also be evaluated by an external advisory board.The focus and strength of the ARegPKD registry study lies on the stringent collection of detailed longitudinal data in a large patient cohort, which will allow to outline the natural course of the disease and to identify prognostically uniform subcohorts of this heterogeneous disease. Given the observational design of the study, there are obvious weaknesses which include selection bias, incomplete data collection, and operator-dependency of sonographic findings. Yet, the data collected truly represent the \u201creal-life\u201d situation of patients with ARPKD followed in major clinical centers.In summary, since its start in 2013, ARegPKD has made substantial progress with successful international recruitment of ARPKD patients. Given this progress, ARegPKD will soon provide an observational evidence base to recommendations for the care of patients suffering from ARPKD.L. A. Eid, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; N. Ranguelov, Brussels, Belgium; B. Adams, Brussels, Belgium; K. van Hoeck, Edegem, Belgium; A. Raes, Gent, Belgium; D. Mekahli, Leuven, Belgium; L. Collard, Montegnee, Belgium; J. Lombet, Montegnee, Belgium; J. Maquet, Montegnee, Belgium; F. Cachat, Lausanne, Switzerland; G. Schalk, Zurich, Switzerland; T. Seeman, Prague, Czech Republic; N. Ortiz Bruechle, Aachen, Germany; K. Zerres, Aachen, Germany; J. Thumfart, Berlin, Germany; S. Briese, Berlin, Germany; U.\u2009Querfeld, Berlin, Germany; B. Hoppe, Bonn, Germany; M. Feldkoetter, Bonn, Germany; M. Kirschstein, Celle, Germany; G. Gruening, Celle, Germany; B. B. Beck, Cologne, Germany; T. Benzing, Cologne, Germany; R. Buettner, Cologne, Germany; J. D\u00f6tsch, Cologne, Germany; H. Goebel, Cologne, Germany; F. Grundmann, Cologne, Germany; B. Hero, Cologne, Germany; C. Kurschat, Cologne, Germany; L. T. Weber, Cologne, Germany; B. Mayer, Dresden, Germany; J. Weber, Dresden, Germany; B. Ritter, Dresden, Germany; K. Benz, Erlangen, Germany; M. Galiano, Erlangen, Germany; A. Tzschoppe, Erlangen, Germany; B. Buchholz, Erlangen, Germany; R. Buescher, Essen, Germany; A. Buescher, Essen, Germany; K. Latta, Frankfurt, Germany; K. H\u00e4ffner, Freiburg, Germany; M. Pohl, Freiburg, Germany; O. Gross, Goettingen, Germany; J. Kr\u00fcgel, Goettingen, Germany; J. Stock, Goettingen, Germany; L. Patzer, Halle/Saale, Germany; H. Teichler, Halle/Saale, Germany; J. Oh, Hamburg, Germany; R. Schild, Hamburg, Germany; T. Illig, Hannover, Germany; N. Klopp, Hannover, Germany; L. Pape, Hannover, Germany; S. Wahrendorf, Hannover, Germany; W. Bernhardt, Hannover, Germany; A. Doyon, Heidelberg, Germany; E. Wuehl, Heidelberg, Germany; T.\u2009Vinke, Heidelberg, Germany; A. Sander, Heidelberg, Germany; K. Kunzmann, Heidelberg, Germany; C. Bergmann, Ingelheim, Germany; S. Wygoda, Leipzig, Germany; M. Henn, Leipzig, Germany; D. Wiemann, Magdeburg, Germany; K. Blaschke, Magdeburg, Germany; U.\u2009Derichs, Mainz, Germany; R.\u2009Beetz, Mainz, Germany; N. Jeck, Marburg, Germany; G. Klaus, Marburg, Germany; H. Fehrenbach, Memmingen, Germany; T. Hampel, Memmingen, Germany; S. Zoetler, Memmingen, Germany; M. Wallot, Moers, Germany; H. Kyrieleis, Moers, Germany; B. Lange-Sperandio, Munich, Germany; S. Ponsel, Munich, Germany; F. Kusser, Munich, Germany; J. Hoefele, Munich, Germany; B. Uetz, Munich, Germany; M. Benz, Munich, Germany; S. Schmidt, Munich, Germany; C. Huppertz-Kessler, Munich, Germany; B. Kranz, Muenster, Germany; J. Koenig, Muenster, Germany; A. Titieni, Muenster, Germany; M. Boeswald, Muenster, Germany; H. Staude, Rostock, Germany; U.\u2009Jacoby, Rostock, Germany; D. Wurm, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany; H. E. Leichter, Stuttgart, Germany; M. Bald, Stuttgart, Germany; H. Billing, Tuebingen, Germany; M. Gessner, Tuebingen, Germany; O. Beringer, Ulm, Germany; M.-L. Ilmoja, Tallinn, Estonia; N. A. Soliman, Cairo, Egypt; M. M. Nabhan, Cairo, Egypt; G. Ariceta, Barcelona, Spain; L. E. Lara, Barcelona, Spain; M. A. Garcia-Gonzalez, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; C. Diaz-Rodriguez, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; M. Garcia-Vidal, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; B. Ranchin, Lyon, France; R. Shroff, London, UK; R. Sterenborg, London, UK; T. Davitala, Tbilisi, Georgia; F. Papachristou, Thessaloniki, Greece; S. Stabouli, Thessaloniki, Greece; P.\u2009Sallay, Budapest, Hungary; N.\u2009Hooman, Tehran, Iran; G. Ardissino, Milano, Italy; S. Testa, Milano, Italy; L. Massella, Rome, Italy; F. Emma, Rome, Italy; A. Jankauskiene, Vilnius, Lithuania; R. Cerkauskiene, Vilnius, Lithuania; K. Azukaitis, Vilnius, Lithuania; A. Bokenkamp, Amsterdam, Netherlands; J. van Wijk, Amsterdam, Netherlands; K. Taranta-Janusz, Bialystok, Poland; A. Wasilewska, Bialystok, Poland; I. Zagozdzon, Gdansk, Poland; I. Balasz-Chmielewska, Gdansk, Poland; M. Miklaszewska, Krakow, Poland; K. Zachwieja, Krakow, Poland; D. Drozdz, Krakow, Poland; M. Tkaczyk, Lodz, Poland; M. Stanczyk, Lodz, Poland; P. Sikora, Lublin, Poland; M. Zaniew, Poznan, Poland; M. Litwin, Warsaw, Poland; A. Niemirska, Warsaw, Poland; D. Wicher, Warsaw, Poland; I. Jankowska, Warsaw, Poland; J. Antoniewicz, Warsaw, Poland; J. Lesiak, Warsaw, Poland; P. Lipinski, Warsaw, Poland; M. Szczepanska, Zabrze, Poland; P. Adamczyk, Zabrze, Poland; A. Morawiec-Knysak, Zabrze, Poland; A. Caldas Afonso, Porto, Portugal; A. Teixeira, Porto, Portugal; G. Milosevski-Lomic, Belgrade, Serbia; D. Paripovi\u0107, Belgrade, Serbia; A. Peco-Antic, Belgrade, Serbia; L. Prikhodina, Moscow, Russia; S. Papizh, Moscow, Russia; A. K. Bayazit, Adana, Turkey; A. Anarat, Adana, Turkey; E. Melek, Adana, Turkey; U.\u2009S. Bayrakci, Altindag-Ankara, Turkey; A. Kantar, Altindag-Ankara, Turkey; S.\u2009Cayci, Altindag-Ankara, Turkey; U. E. Baskin, Ankara, Turkey; A. Duzova, Ankara, Turkey; A. Yuzbasioglu, Ankara, Turkey; A. Soylu, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey; S. Kavukcu, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey; S. Kalman, Bestepe-Ankara, Turkey; H. Evreng\u00fcl, Denizli, Turkey; S. Y\u00fcksel, Denizli, Turkey; A. Kara, Firat, Turkey; M. K. Gurgoze, Firat, Turkey; C. Candan, Istanbul, Turkey; L. Sever, Istanbul, Turkey; S. Caliskan, Istanbul, Turkey; N. Canpolat, Istanbul, Turkey; S. Emre, Istanbul, Turkey; A. Yilmaz, Istanbul, Turkey; I. G\u00f6kce, Istanbul, Turkey; H. Alpay, Istanbul, Turkey; N. Akinci, Istanbul, Turkey; S. Mir, Izmir, Turkey; B. Sozeri, Izmir, Turkey; I. Dursun, Kayseri, Turkey; H. M. Poyrazoglu, Kayseri, Turkey; R.\u2009Dusunsel, Kayseri, Turkey; H. Nalcacioglu, Kayseri, Turkey; Z. Ekinci, Kocaeli, Turkey; Y. Tabel, Malatya, Turkey; A. Delibas, Mersin, Turkey; D. \u00d6v\u00fcnc Hacihamdioglu, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar/Istanbul, Turkey; L. Guay-Woodford, Washington, DC, USA; ESCAPE Study Group; GPN Study Group.Main votum: Ethics committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne. Written informed consent was obtained prior to participation. Informed consent files were reviewed by Ethics committee. Consent by pediatric patients and parents. Age-adjusted consent forms.KE, FS, and ML drafted the manuscript. FS and ML designed the study. KE, FS, and ML contributed to coordinated European establishment of the study. All the authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling Editor declared a past co-authorship with one of the authors ML and states that the process nevertheless met the standards of a fair and objective review."}
+{"text": "Effective therapeutics exploit common characteristics shared amongst cancers. As many cancers present chromosomal instability (CIN), one possible approach to treat these cancers could be to increase their CIN above a threshold that would affect their viability. Here, we investigated whether causing polyploidy by cytokinesis failure could represent a useful approach. We show that cytokinesis failure caused by depletion of Citron kinase (CIT-K) dramatically decreased cell proliferation in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer cells. CIT-K depletion activated the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway in normal, but not in cancer cells, indicating that cancer cells have evolved mechanisms to bypass this control. CIT-K depleted cancer cells died via apoptosis in a caspase 7 dependent manner and, consistent with this, p53-deficient HCT116 colon carcinoma cells failed to induce apoptosis after cytokinesis failure. However, other p53-mutated cancer cells were able to initiate apoptosis, indicating that cytokinesis failure can trigger apoptosis through a p53-independent mechanism. Finally, we found that actively dividing and, in some cases, polyploid cancer cells were more susceptible to CIT-K depletion. In sum, our findings indicate that inducing cytokinesis failure could be a promising anti-cancer therapeutic approach for a wide range of cancers, especially those characterized by fast cell proliferation and polyploidy. Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of many cancers . CIN is Drosophila indicated that proliferating tissues from mutants carrying strong allelic combinations of the CIT-K orthologue were highly polyploid (8N or more), misshapen, and smaller than their wild type counterparts. By contrast, the tissues of animals carrying weaker allelic combinations were tetraploid and normal in shape and size  trypan blue (Sigma Aldrich), pipetted into disposable Countess5 cells were stained with annexin V-FITC (BD Pharmingen) for 15 minutes in the dark at RT and then with PI (BD Pharmingen) just prior to analysis on the Cytek FACScan\u2122 Flow Cytometer. 20,000 cells were used in the analysis.Cells were treated with respective siRNAs for 72 hours, harvested using non-enzyme dissociation buffer (Sigma Aldrich) and kept on ice. The media and PBS wash prior to harvesting were collected as apoptotic cells can become buoyant. Dissociated cells were carefully collected, washed twice in ice cold PBS and once in 1X annexin V binding buffer (BD Pharmingen). Approximately 1\u00d710Cells were harvested, washed with PBS and fixed for 30 minutes at 4\u00b0C with ice cold 70% [v/v] ethanol (adding ethanol drop wise to cells whilst vortexing). Fixed cells were washed with PBS and re-suspended in FxCycle\u2122 PI/RNase Staining Solution (Life technologies) for 15 minutes prior to analysis on the Cytek FACScan\u2122 Flow Cytometer. 50,000 cells were used in the analysis, unless stated otherwise.+/+ strain was used) were treated with 4 \u03bcM cytochalasin D (Sigma Aldrich) for \u223c18 hours, washed every 5 minutes for 30 minutes with PBS, stained with 15 \u03bcM Hoescht 33342 for 30 minutes at 37\u00b0C and then FACS sorted for the 8N population (to isolate dividing 4N cells). Cells were grown until near confluent in a T75 flask where they were again sorted for the 8N population . This process was repeated twice more until a near pure population of dividing HCT116 4N cells were achieved. For the parental 2N cell line, cells were sorted for the 2N population following cytochalasin D treatment and cultured under normal conditions.HCT116 cells , the PubMed ID (PMID) was given. Bladder: GSE13507, GSE3167, GSE89, PMID 16432078. Brain: GSE2223, GSE4290, GSE4058, GSE4536, GSE7696, TCGA, PMID 12894235, PMID 11929829, PMID 16357140. Breast: GSE3744, GSE3193, GSE4382, GSE5764, GSE22358, GSE1477, GSE3971, GSE14548, GSE8977, GSE9014, TCGA, PMID 10963602, PMID 22522925. Cervical: GSE7410, GSE6791, GSE9750, GSE7803. Colorectal: GSE20916, GSE9689, GSE20842, GSE9348, GSE20916, GSE8671, GSE5206, GSE6988, TCGA, PMID 12101425. Esophageal: GSE20347, GSE6059, GSE23400, GSE13898, GSE1420. Gastric: GSE27342, GSE13861, GSE13911, GSE19826, PMID 12925757. Head and neck: GSE27155, GSE25099, GSE6631, GSE13601, GSE1722, GSE3524, GSE2379, GSE6791, GSE9844, GSE6004, GSE3467, GSE12452, PMID 12368205, PMID 15833835, PMID 14729608. Kidney: GSE15641, GSE4125, GSE11151, GSE2712, GSE14994, GSE6344, GSE781. Leukaemia: GSE2350, GSE13159, GSE2466, GSE7186, GSE1159, GSE28497, GSE1466, GSE995, GSE5788, PMID 16267031. Liver: GSE6764, GSE3500, GSE14520, GSE14323. Lung: GSE2514, GSE7670, GSE31210, GSE10072, GSE19188, GSE32863, GSE3398, GSE3268, PMID 11707567, PMID 15833835. Lymphoma: GSE6338, GSE2350, GSE3827, GSE1466, GSE12195, GSE14879, GSE12453. Melanoma: GSE7553, GSE3189, GSE6887, PMID 15833814. Myeloma: GSE13591, GSE5900. Ovarian cancer: GSE6008, GSE26712, GSE12470, TCGA, PMID 14760385, PMID 15161682. Pancreatic: GSE16515, GSE15471, GSE3654, GSE1542, PMID 16103885, PMID 15867264, PMID 15548371. Prostate: E-TABM-26, GSE6099, GSE21034, GSE6956, GSE6919, GSE3325, GSE3933, PMID 12873976, PMID 19737960, PMID 22722839, PMID14695335, PMID 11807955, PMID 12086878, PMID 11507037, PMID 12154061. Sarcoma: GSE21122, GSE13861, GSE2719, GSE2712.The following datasets were used to analyse"}
+{"text": "Microarrays would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.Microarrays, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Microarrays in 2016:Albrecht, SimoneKang, Bum-YongSeo, Kun-HoBorres, MagnusKrishna, SmritiSmrcka, Alan V.Bortoluzzi, StefaniaKukreja, MuskanSpruck, CharlesBosco, GiovanniLee, Sheng-AnSumoy, LauroCalin, George AdrianLian, IanSun, LitaoCervantes, Jorge L.Lu, ShuoSyed, ParvezChai, Han-HaMadsen, OleTaube, JoeCretich, MarinaMaleki, SoheilaThyagarajan, BharatDe Bragan\u00e7a Pereira, Carlos AlbertoMarchetti, PieroTurcanu, VictorDixit, Chandra K.Marguerat, SamuelUsui, KenjiDubey, RaminNagatani, NaokiVan Scherpenzeel, MoniqueDufva, MartinNesterov-Mueller, AlexanderVon Neuhoff, NilsDusinska, MariaPastori, Ricardo L.Wei, HairongEmbers, MonicaPatrinos, GeorgeWhelan, Rebecca J.Enguita, FranciscoPena, Romi N.Wong, Ka-ChunGasparini, MauroPuard, VincentWu, HaoGirod, AndreasPurut\u00e7uo\u011flu, VildaYang, XueGong, FadeRavo, MariaZanella, FabianGuinney, JustinRenaudineau, YvesZhang, JingJingGupta, AditiSamuels, ScottZhang, LeiHirabayashi, JunSapi, EvaZhou, HuaThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "AbstractPseudacrobasis is reviewed for China. Pseudacrobasisdilatatasp. n. is described as new and compared with Psorosatergestella . Images of adults and illustrations of genital structures are provided.The genus  Pseudacrobasis is a monotypic genus established by Roesler in 1975 for the type species Pseudacrobasisnankingella Roesler, 1975 from Nanjing, China. It is widely distributed in China, Korea, Japan, and south of Russian Far East , and transferred tergestella  from Psorosa Zeller, 1848 to Pseudacrobasis Roesler, 1975, which eliminated \u201cthe wrong identification leading to the wrong conclusion on a putatively \u2018invasive\u2019 species\u201d. Scalercio (2015) elaborated its biology, ecology, and distribution for the first time.Far East , and its species . In 2014Pseudacrobasistergestella  is known only. Here, a second species Pseudacrobasisdilatata sp. n. is described, based on specimens collected from different localities in China, and it is compared with Psorosatergestella .It has been more than 40 years since the genus establishment, and since then the type species Genitalia dissections were carried out following the methods introduced by Taxon classificationAnimaliaLepidopteraPyralidaeRoesler, 1975Pseudacrobasis Roesler, 1975: 100.Pseudacrobasistergestella .Pseudacrobasis is characterized by the combination of the following characters: the male antennal scape with a distal scale projection on the inner side, the several basal flagellomeres slightly incurved, forming a shallow sinus containing a smaller scale tuft, the first and several other flagellomeres beyond the sinus bearing a small spine dorsally Psorosatergestella Ragonot, 1901: 107\u2013108. TL: Italy (Trieste).Pseudacrobasisnankingella Roesler, 1975: 100. TL: China (Jiangsu).Pseudacrobasistergestella : Pseudacrobasistergestella is characterized by the large uncus narrowed from broad base to 3/5, mushroom-like in the distal 2/5; the transtilla distally produced to a stout digitate dorsal process and a curved slender ventral process in the male genitalia , Korea, Japan, south of Russian Far East, France, Portugal, Italy.Pseudacrobasistergestella  is widely distributed in China. Its identification in this study is based on the examination of 88 male and 67 female specimens. Scalercio (2015) pointed out \u201cthe currently known [\u2026], the distribution of Psorosatergestella is quite unique with occurrences in the far east and in the far west of the Palearctic region, no records are currently available for Central Asia and East Europe, where suitable habitats are present\u201d. We believe Psorosatergestella is likely to distribute the Central Asian and East Europe region with the depth of the investigation.Taxon classificationAnimaliaLepidopteraPyralidaehttp://zoobank.org/AD43828F-F38B-4D24-929D-4F9EC463A172Psorosatergestella by the following characters: M2 and M3 of the hindwing stalked for approximately 3/5 of their lengths; in the male genitalia by the subtriangular uncus gradually narrowed to truncate apex, the transtilla with its distal part developed into two small horns of nearly equal sizes; in the female genitalia by the posterior margin of the eighth tergite only slightly concave and lacking decoration. In Psorosatergestella , 28 May 1994, leg. Jin Zhou. Paratypes: 1 \u2640, Gansu, Wenxian, Bifenggou, , 10 July 2005, leg. Hai-Li Yu; 1 \u2642, Guizhou, Chishui, Suoluo, , 27 May 2000, leg. Yan-Li Du; 4 \u2640\u2640, Guizhou, Xishui, Linjiang, , 3 June 2000, leg. Yan-Li Du; 1 \u2642, Guizhou, Fanjingshan, Heiwan, , 2 June 2002, leg. Xin-Pu Wang; 3 \u2642\u2642, Guizhou, Daozhen, Dashahe, , Xiannvdong, 28 May 2004, leg. Shu-Lian Hao; 1 \u2642, Guizhou, Daozhen, Dashahe, , Xiannvdong, 17 August 2004, leg. Yun-Li Xiao; 2 \u2642\u2642, Guizhou, Daozhen, , Chengjiashan, 19 August 2004, leg. Yun-Li Xiao; 1 \u2642, Hebei, Jingxing, Mt. Xiantai, , 23 July 2000, leg. Hai-Li Yu; 4 \u2642\u2642, Henan, Huixian, Baligou, , 12 July 2002, leg. Xin-Pu Wang; 3 \u2642\u2642, Henan, Huixian, Guanshan, , 25\u221226 July 2006, leg. Deng-Hui Kuang, Hui Zhen; 2 \u2642\u2642, Henan, Jiyuan, Wangwushan, , 30 July 2006, leg. Deng-Hui Kuang, Hui Zhen; 2 \u2642\u2642, Henan, Yiyang, Huaguoshan, , 1 August 2006, leg. Deng-Hui Kuang, Hui Zhen; 4 \u2642\u2642, 1 \u2640, Hubei, Shennongjia, Bajiaomiao, , 19 July 2003, leg. Shu-Lian Hao; 1 \u2640, Hubei, Shennongjia, , Wenquan, 21 July 2003, leg. Shu-Lian Hao; 1 \u2642, Hubei, Shennongjia, Songbaizhen, , 17 July 2003, leg. Shu-Lian Hao; 1 \u2642, Qinghai, Xunhua, Mengda, , 15 July 1995, leg. Hou-Hun Li, Shu-Xia Wang. 2 \u2642\u2642, 3 \u2640\u2640, Shaanxi, Yangling, , 3\u221211 June 1985, leg. Hou-Hun Li; 4 \u2642\u2642, 6 \u2640\u2640, same data as holotype; 1 \u2640, Shaanxi, Baihe, Qianpo, , 16 May 1994, leg. Jin Zhou; 51 \u2642\u2642, 47 \u2640\u2640, Shanxi, Jincheng, Lingchuan, Xizhashuicun, , 12\u221218 July 2010, leg. Hai-Yan Bai, Lin-Lin Yang; 1 \u2642, Sichuan, Jianyang, Pingquan, , 4 May 1994, leg. Jin Zhou; 1 \u2640, Sichuan, Mabian, Yonghong, , 22 July 2004, leg. Ying-Dang Ren; 2 \u2642\u2642, Sichuan, Tianquan, Lamahe, , 29 July 2004, leg. Ying-Dang Ren; 2 \u2642\u2642, Zhejiang, Mt. Jiulong, , 4\u22125 August 2011, leg. Lin-Lin Yang, Na Chen.Holotype \u2642, China: Shaanxi, Danfeng, Tieyupu, .dilatatus (dilate), referring to the dilated distal part of the transtilla.The specific name is derived from the Latin PageBreak"}
+{"text": "Metabolites would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Metabolites, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Metabolites in 2016:Adrian, LorenzHarshman, Sean W.Reddy, Akhilesh B.Ahn, Woo SukHattori, NobutakaRiccadonna, SamanthaAllen, Doug K.Iorio, EgidioRinnan, \u00c5smundAllen, DouglasIspoglou, TheocharisRoberto, ConsonniAprea, EugenioJensen, J\u00f8rgenRogers, SimonBartels, Else MarieJu, Se-JongRonchetti, SimonaBathe, Oliver F.Kaliszan, RomanR\u00f6ttger, RichardBeauchamp, JonathanKavazis, AndreasSchirra, HorstBingol, KeremKehoe, PatSch\u00f6pf, VeronikaBoccard, JulienKim, JayoungSchumacher, RainerBolognini, DanieleKind, TobiasSeca, Ana M.L.Boros, LaszloK\u00f6falvi, AttilaSeene, TeetBroeckling, CoreyKurland, IrwinSegura, AnaBromage, TimothyLaiakis, EvageliaShipley, PaulBunik, VictoriaLe Moyec, LaurenceSinkkonen, JariChoi, Hyung-KyoonLee, Hsin-ChenSiuszdak, GaryChristos, GeorgiouLeon, CarlosSomerville, Greg A.Collier, JasonLi, WeiStanimirova, IvanaCostantini, SusanLibourel, IgorStefano, CaldaralliDaykin, ClareLiu, XiaojingStein, ThorDe Lima Ara\u00fajo, K\u00e1tia G.Lucarelli, GiuseppeSteinacker, JuergenDettmer, KatjaMaker, GarthStewart, George C.Dias, Daniel A.Maserti, Bianca ElenaSullivan, LucasDon, AnthonyMason, JamesSwiezewska, EwaDuriez, ElodieMillard, PierreTanaka, HirotoshiEbbels, TimMittelbach, MartinToya, YoshihiroEisenreich, WolfgangMotta, AndreaVallini, GiovanniElena-Herrmann, B\u00e9n\u00e9dicteM\u00fcller, Maren LilianVan Der Laarse, Willem J.Eras, JordiMurdaca, GiuseppeVan Der Meer, Marcel T.J.Erny, GuillaumeNadal-Desbarats, LydieVilas, Julia SanchezFanizzi, Francesco P.Neumann, SteffenWebb, Kimberly M.Fiandaca, MassimoNocentini, GiuseppeWesterhuis, Johan A.Freund, DanaParigi, GiacomoWilliamson, MikeGenta-Jouve, Gr\u00e9goryParkinson, Don-RogerWilson, JulieGlenn, Thomas C.Pluskal, Tom\u00e1\u0161Zabaras, DimitriosGregory, StephenRaftery, DanielZhang, BoHaines, Julie ReiszRatcliffe, R. GeorgeThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Psychologica Belgica have been assessed conscientiously and unselfishly by expert reviewers. The quality of our journal totally depends on their valuable and constructive criticisms to the authors. Both the editors and the authors highly appreciate the input and dedication of all our reviewers. Many thanks.All manuscripts published in  Katarzyna Adamczyk, Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna\u0144, PolandNathalie Aelterman, Ghent University, BelgiumStefan Agrigoroaei, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumAlejandra Alarcon, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumCristina Antunes, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, PortugalMatthijs Bal, University of Bath, United KingdomMoti Benita, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, IsraelWim Beyers, Ghent University, BelgiumBoris Bizumic, Australian National University, AustraliaLiesbet Boone, Ghent University, BelgiumMaarten Boudry, Ghent University, BelgiumDries Bostyn, Ghent University, BelgiumPiet Bracke, Ghent University, BelgiumLieven Brebels, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumAsteria Brylka, University of Northampton, United KingdomBeiwen Chen, Ghent University, BelgiumOliver Christ, Fern Universit\u00e4t in Hagen, GermanyElien De Caluw\u00e9, Ghent University, BelgiumKathleen De Cuyper, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumStephanie De Oliveira Laux, University of Osnabr\u00fcck, GermanyEgon Dejonckheere, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumEllen Delvaux, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumKristof Dhont, University of Kent, United KingdomAndrew Elliot, University of Rochester, USAChiedu Eseadi, University of Nigeria Nsukka, NigeriaErnestina Etchemendy, Universidad de Valencia, SpainSarah Galdiolo, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumAlbert Garcia-Romeu, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, USAPatrick Gaudreau, University of Ottawa, CanadaNicolas Gillet, Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours, FranceLeen Haerens, Ghent University, BelgiumAlexandre Heeren, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumC\u00e9line Hinnekens, Ghent University, BelgiumMarlies Houben, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumKonrad Jankowski, University of Warsaw, PolandOlivier Klein, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumTheo Klimstra, Tilburg University, NetherlandsFleur Kraanen, de Waag, NetherlandsFransciska Krings, Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne, SwitzerlandGiovanna Leone, Universit\u00e0 di Roma, ItalyCraig Leth-Steensen, Carleton University, USAChristophe Leys, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumLisa Linnenbrink-Garcia, University of Michigan, USAOlivier Luminet, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumKoen Luwel, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumKoen Luyckx, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumGenevi\u00e8ve Mageau, University of Montreal, CanadaLars-Erik Malmberg, University of Oxford, United KingdomHenri Markovits, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, CanadaAndrew Martins, The University of Sydney, AustraliaDora Matzke, University of Amsterdam, NetherlandsCecil Meeusen, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumGaetan Mertens, Ghent University, BelgiumAikaterini-Aliki Michou, Bilkent University, TurkeyAnneleen Mortier, Ghent University, BelgiumOana Negru, Babe\u015f-Bolyai University, RomaniaGreta Noordenbos, Universiteit Leiden, NetherlandsSoren Ostergaard, Aarhus University Hospital, DenmarkThea Peetsma, University of Amsterdam, NetherlandsParaskevas Petrou, Erasmus University Rotterdam, NetherlandsMaria Ranzini, Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumCatherine Ratelle, Universit\u00e9 Laval, CanadaGuy Roth, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, IsraelRachel Seginer, University of Haifa, IsraelCorwin Senko, University of New York, USADirk Smits, Odisee University College, BelgiumMarie Stievenart, Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumCharles Stoned, John Jay College, USACatia Teixeira, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumKiran Vanbinst, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumJasper Van Assche, Ghent University, BelgiumHans van der Baan, University of Amsterdam, NetherlandsAnja van der Voort, Universiteit Leiden, NetherlandsHilde Van Keer, Ghent University, BelgiumSteven Verheyen, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumJan Verplaetse, Ghent University, BelgiumRalf Wolfer, University of Oxford, United KingdomSofie Wouters, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumVincent Yzerbyt, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumMingming Zhou, University of Macau, China"}
+{"text": "Several published checklists of bat species have covered Peninsular Malaysia as part of a broader region and/or in combination with other mammal groups. Other researchers have produced comprehensive checklists for specific localities within the peninsula. To our knowledge, a comprehensive checklist of bats specifically for the entire geopolitical region of Peninsular Malaysia has never been published, yet knowing which species are present in Peninsular Malaysia and their distributions across the region are crucial in developing suitable conservation plans. Our literature search revealed that 110 bat species have been documented in Peninsular Malaysia; 105 species have precise locality records while five species lack recent and/or precise locality records. We retrieved 18 species from records dated before the year 2000 and seven species have only ever been recorded once. Our search of Barcode of Life Datasystems (BOLD) found that 86 (of the 110) species have public records of which 48 species have public DNA barcodes available from bats sampled in Peninsular Malaysia. Based on Neighbour-Joining tree analyses and the allocation of DNA barcodes to Barcode Index Number system (BINs) by BOLD, several DNA barcodes recorded under the same species name are likely to represent distinct taxa. We discuss these cases in detail and highlight the importance of further surveys to determine the occurences and resolve the taxonomy of particular bat species in Peninsular Malaysia, with implications for conservation priorities. Kerivoula krauensis Aethalodes alecto Thomas, 1923: 251. Indrapura Peak, Sumatra, INDONESIA  1923.1.2.1) Vespertilio sphinx Vahl, 1797: 123; Tranquebar, Madras, INDIA  Cynopterus spadiceus Thomas, 1890: 235; Baram, Sarawak, MALAYSIA  1890.1.28.4) Macroglossus spelaeus Dobson, 1871: 105, 106; Farm Caves, Moulmein, Tenasserim, MYANMAR  Pachysoma ecaudatum Temminck, 1837: 94; Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA  Cynopterus (Ptenochirus) lucasi Dobson, 1880: 163; Sarawak, MALAYSIA  Vespertilio vampyrus Linnaeus, 1758: 31; Java, INDONESIA  Pteropus amplexicaudatus Geoffroy, 1810: 96, pl. 4; Timor Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, INDONESIA  Pteropus leschenaultii Desmarest, 1820: 110; Pondicherry, INDIA  Taphozous saccolaimus Temminck, 1838: 14; Java, INDONESIA  1874.10.26.2) Molossus (Nyctinomus) johorensis Dobson, 1873: 22; Johor, MALAYSIA  Vespertilio plicatus Buchannan, 1800: 261, pl. 13; Bengal, INDIA  Dysopes mops Blainville, 1840: 101; Sumatra, INDONESIA  Rhinolophus armiger Hodgson, 1835: 699; NEPAL  Rhinolophus bicolor Temminck, 1834: 19. pl. 1; Anjer Coast, Northwestern Java, INDONESIA  Rhinolophus diadema Geoffroy, 1813: 263, pls. 5, 6; Timor Island, INDONESIA  Phyllorhina doriae Peters, 1871: 326; Sarawak, Borneo, MALAYSIA  Vespertilio pellucidus Waterhouse, 1845: 6; PHILLIPINES  Vespertilio (Kerivoula) jagorii Peters, 1866: 399; Samar Island, PHILLIPINES  Vespertilio harpia Temminck, 1840: 219, pls. 55; Southeast side of Mountain Gede, Java, INDONESIA  Vespertilio suillus Temminck, 1840: 224, pl. 56; Tapos, Java, INDONESIA  Vespertilio circumdatus Temminck, 1840: 214; Tapos, Java, INDONESIA  Vesperugo tylopus Dobson, 1875: 473; Sabah, north Borneo, MALAYSIA  70.2.10.2)  (?)Vespertilios noctula Schreber, 1774: 166, pl. 52; FRANCE  Vespertilio brachypterus Temmick, 1840: 215, pl. 53; Padang district, Sumatra, INDONESIA  Vesperugo stenopterus Dobson, 1875: 470; Sarawak, Borneo, MALAYSIA  Vespertilio tenuis Temminck, 1840: 229; Sumatra, INDONESIA  Vesperugo blanfordi Dobson, 1877: 312; Tenasserim, east of Moulmein, south Burma = MYANMAR  Vesperus (H.) doriae Peters, 1868: 626; Sarawak, Borneo, MALAYSIA  Vespertilio macrotis Temminck, 1840: 218, pl. 54; Padang, Sumatra, INDONESIA  Vespertilio pachypus Temminck, 1840: 217; Bantam, west Java, INDONESIA   (?)Vespertilio adversus Horsfield, 1824: part 8; Java, INDONESIA  Vespertilio ater Peters, 1866: 18; Ternate Island, Moluccas, INDONESIA  Vespertilio muricola Gray, 1846: 4; NEPAL  Vespertilio hasseltii Temminck, 1840: 225; Bantam, Java, INDONESIA  Vespertilio horsfieldii Temminck, 1840: 226; Mount Gede, Java, INDONESIA  Pipistrellus ridleyi Thomas, 1898: 361; Selangor, MALAYSIA  1898.3.13.5) Vespertilio siligorensis Horsfield, 1855: 102; Siligori, NEPAL  [unknown) .Myotis siligorensis [gorensis .Common English name: Small-toothed MyotisBarcode Index Number: DNA barcodes recorded as M. siligorensis are associated with five BINs, BOLD:AAA9718, BOLD:AAA9719, BOLD:AAA9720, BOLD:AAA9721, and BOLD:ACF1046, but there are no DNA barcodes from Peninsular Malaysia.Remarks: Our NJ analysis suggested that M. siligorensis may be a species complex , M. s. sowerbyi , M. s. alticraniatus  and M. s. thaianus . Whether the five BINs correspond to the described subspecies remains to be determined. complex . SimmonsIUCN status: Least ConcernRecorded at: Pahang: Krau Wildlife Reserve [Perlis: Wang Kelian State Park [Kedah: Ulu Muda Forest Reserve [ Reserve , 41, Che Reserve , Tasik C Reserve , Kuantan Reserve ; Perlis:ate Park ; Kedah:  Reserve .M. siligorensis has been recorded roosting in rock crevices and fissures in caves, often in small colonies at forest edges, in primary and secondary forests [ forests , 23. Ind forests .S1 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S2 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S3 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S4 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S5 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S6 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S7 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S8 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S9 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S10 Fig(PDF)Click here for additional data file.S1 File(XLS)Click here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Microorganisms would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons Schachter, JuliusDe Barbeyrac, BertilleKr\u00f6mer, Jens OSchembri, MarkDe Sousa, Marta AiresKruppa, MichaelShafer, WilliamDewasme, LaurentKuberski, TimSingh, Om V.Donovan, SharonLeathers, Timothy D.Sinha, RohitaDuh, Pin-DerLee, Chao-HungSintes, EvaEdwards, BethanieMalcolm, Kenneth C.Smith, Jason MichelEllegaard, KirstenMalli Mohan, Ganesh BabuSoultos, NikolaosEyal, YoramMarteyn, Benoit S.Specht, Charles AFierer, JoshuaMatsuguchi, TetsuyaStella, SimoneFilannino, PasqualeMcEvoy, JamesSvensson, Bo H.Fiocco, DanielaMcGenity, TerryThrash, J. CameronFoster, TimothyMcInerney, MichaelTitz, AlexanderFranzetti, AndreaMei, Hui-ChingTolker-Nielsen, TimGaglio, RaimondoMellata, MelhaToyofuku, MasanoriGibbs, Bernhard F.Micangeli, AndreaTurner, Justine M.Gon\u00e7alves, Lu\u00eds GafeiraMusat, FlorinTurton, JaneGonzalez, JuanNagarajan, Uma M.Upadhyaya, InduGreenwood, DavidNagata, YujiVanderhoof, Jon A.Greppi, AnnaNaughton, PatrickVenter, RietieGrosse, StephanNikaido, HiroshiVos, Paul DeHazen, Terry C.O\u2019Gara, James P.Vuorela, PiaHe, FeiOtto, MichaelWells, James E.Heung, LenaPabinger, StephanWood, ThomasHickok, Noreen J.Parikesit, Arli AdityaYoshida, TadashiHolzel, ChristinaPatrone, VaniaYurkov, Andrey MThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015.The editors of We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make.Aikawa, ElenaGrases, FelixMisumida, NaokiAl-Sheikhly, MohamadHachiya, HitoshiMizobuchi, MasahiroAnderson, Robert H.Hahurij, Nathan DMota-Vieira, LuisaAr\u00e1nega, AmeliaHeideman, WarrenMunshi, Nikhil V.Asirvatham, Samuel JHinton, RobertNemer, GeorgesAtherton, John J.Horowitz, John D.Nichols, Colin G.Bakkers, JeroenHu, Ming-ChangNikus, KjellBilheux, HassinaHurtado, DanielNorris, RussellBirnbaum, YochaiIacoviello, MassimoOhanyan, VahagnBischoff, Joyce E.Jacobs, RogerOhuchi, HideoBrand, ThomasJagla, KrzystofOstergaard, John R.Butcher, Jonathan T.Jost, Christina AttenhoferPadala, MuralidharCai, ChenglengKamai, TakaoPan\u00e1kov\u00e1, DanielaCallewaert, BertKang, Bum-YongPeppelenbosch, MaikelCampione, MarinaKern, Christine B.Postma, Alex V.Cheng, XianwuKrishnamurthy, AdarshPotts, Jay D.Cobbaert, Christa M.L\u00e4nne, TosteShyue, Song-KunCripps, RichardLatif, NajmaSilberbach, MichaelDe La Pompa, Jos\u00e9 LuisLazzeri, ChiaraSnyder, Michelle L.Denvir, Martin A.Le Tourneau, Thierryvan Haaften, GijsDeshmukh, AbhishekLee, Chung-HaoVecoli, CeciliaDhingra, SanjivLi, PeiningVolk, TalilaDykes, Iain M.Liu, AipingXu, Ming-JiangFranco, DiegoMarston, Steven B.Yang, BoGarg, ViduMayer, St\u00e9phanie BYutzey, KatherineGarrity, DeborahMilan, David J."}
+{"text": "V. aphrogenes in the first and second paragraphs under the subheading \u201cDescription of Vibrio aphrogenes sp. nov.\u201d in the Results and discussion section. Please see the corrected paragraph below.The strain number is missing in the description of V. aphrogenes sp. nov. .V. aphrogenes tested positive for production of alginase, lipase and DNase, oxidase, catalase, gas production from D-glucose, arginine dihydrolase, and is able to assimilate D-glucose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, D-galactose, maltose, D-gluconate, fumarate, glycerol, acetate, D-glucosamine, pyruvate, L-proline, D-ribose, L-alanine, L-asparagine, and L-serine. The bacteria tested negative for indole production, acetoin production, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, amylase, agarose, gelatinase and \u03ba-carrageenase productions, and is incapable of assimilating D-fructose, sucrose, melibiose, lactose, N-acetylglucosamine, succinate, citrate, aconitate, meso-erythritol, \u03b3-aminobutyrate, L-tyrosine, Dsorbitol, DL-malate, \u03b1-ketoglutarate, trehalose, gluconate, \u03b4-aminovalate, cellobiose, L-glutamate, putrescine, propionate, amygdalin, arabinose, D-galacturonate, glycerate, D-raffinose, rhamnose, salicine, DL-lactate, L-arginine, L-citrulline, glycine, histidine, and L-ornithine. The G+C content of DNA is 42.1%. Estimated genome size is 3.4 Mb on the basis of genome sequencing. The type strain is JCM 31643T = DSM 103759T = CA-1004T.Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, non-motile rods isolated from surface of seaweed collected in Mie Prefecture in Japan. Colonies on ZoBell 2216E agar medium were cream or transparent white, round, and smooth on the edge. No flagellum was observed. Sodium ion is essential for growth. Growth occurs at NaCl concentrations of 1.0 to 10.0% and at temperatures between 4 and 40\u00b0C."}
+{"text": "Toxics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015. The editors of Albers, James W.Ale, AlbertArcury, ThomasBadot, P.M.Balayssac, DavidBatteux, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ricBouris, DimitrisCampbell, Kathleen C.M.Carta, ManoloChen, JiangangChiurchi\u00f9, ValerioChobot, VladimirColoso, ClaudioCory-Slechta, Deborah A.Cuesta, AlbertoDeurwaerd\u00e8re, PhilippeEscher, Beate I.Fabiani, RobertoFreeman, Jennifer L.Fujita, MasayukiGriffith, Darren M.Grisold, WolfgangHadjigeorgiou, GeorgiosHanson, Mark L.Himeno, SeichiroHoyer, Friedrich FelixHuber, Heinrich J.Kanda, IsaoKerchev, PavelKim, Seok JinKim, Jeong-HanKiyama, RyoitiKojima, HiroyukiKrishnan, ArunLaforenza, UmbertoLanvers-Kaminsky, ClaudiaLin, ZhoumengMannelli, Lorenzo Di CesareMartin, Mary BethMayer, Gregory D.Mograbi, BahariaMoretto, AngeloMorfini, GerardoMuggia, FrancoMyridakis, AntonisPanoff, Jean-MichelPark, Susanna B.Dougherty, Patrick M.Paulsen, P.Posthuma, LeoPrado, Rafael dePrice, Timothy JayProzialeck, Walter C.Puddu, Paolo EmilioRobert, JacquesRogers, John M.Ross, M.K.Ruiz, Jos\u00e9Sandalio, Luisa M.Sanz-Medel, AlfredoShafer, Timothy J.Silva, Manori J.So, Hong-SeobStaff, Nathan P.Talbott, Evelyn O.Thewke, Douglas P.Trevisan, AndreaTsuboi, YoshioUgedo, L.Vallero, Daniel A.van Thriel, ChristophVilholm, Ole JakobWallace, DavidWaring, RosemaryWessolek, Gerd.Wolff, MaryZoroddu, Maria AntoniettaWe greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 3458910.1038/srep34589; published online: 10072016; updated: 01112017In this Article, Ivo Grosse is incorrectly affiliated to \u201cDepartment of Soil Ecology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany\u201d. The correct affiliations for Ivo Grosse are listed below:Institute of Computer Science, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 1, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany."}
+{"text": "Tor yingjiangensis Chen et Yang 2004, Tor qiaojiensis Wu et al. 1977, Garra qiaojiensis Wu et al. 1977, Garra bispinosa Zhang 2005, and Schizothorax oligolepis Huang 1985, originally described from the upper Irrawaddy (Ayeyarwaddy) River in China, are first reported herein as new records to Myanmar. Counts, measurements, descriptions, photographs, and distributions of the specimens of the five newly recorded species are provided.Freshwater fish from the Putao and Myitkyina areas were collected in three ichthyofaunal surveys of the Mali Hka River and tributaries in and around Khakaborazi National Park and Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, Kachin State, from 2014-2016.  South and Southeast Asia are among the most speciose areas on the planet, containing 20% of all known freshwater vertebrate species and 25% of all known aquatic plants . There aOreinus cf. meridionalis , Garra aff. dulongensis (=Placocheilus dulongensis), and Pseudecheneis brachyurus.Putao (Hkamti Long) is the northern most district in Myanmar, and contains two protected areas, that is, Khakaborazi National Park and Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary . Twenty newly recorded species and at least three new species were reported by Oreoglanis hponkanensis was identified and published , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and Forest Research Institute (FRI) have organized continuous biological surveys in North Myanmar since 2014. After further study in the laboratory, identification of samples was confirmed by comparison with materials in the Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology (KIZ), CAS, Kunming, Yunnan, China. A new sisorid catfish species, ublished , and fivTor yingjiangensis  putitora: Material examined: SEABRI20140098-100, 3 ex., 70.5\u201381.5 mm SL, main stem of Mali Hka River, Irrawaddy Basin, Wurunga Village, Naung Mun Township, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen and Tao Qin, 30 November to 7 December 2014; SEABRI20160086\u2013089, 4 ex., 98.9\u2013174.9 mm SL, from Myitkyina fish market, Myitkyina City, Kachin State, Myanmar, collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin and Shu-Sen Shu, 1 August 2016; SEABRI20160176, 1 ex., 75.5 mm SL, from Putao fish market, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar, collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin, and Shu-Sen Shu, 4 August 2016.Comparative material examined: Holotype: KIZ164401, 181 mm SL, paratypes: KIZ704404, KIZ764229, KIZ764235\u2013236, 4 ex., 72.5\u2013162 mm SL, Dayingjiang River (tributary of upper Irrawaddy River), Manyun Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan, China; KIZ2006004189, 198.9 mm SL, Nanzhang River , Wangzishu Town, Longchuan County, Yunnan, China.Description: According to the original description of Tor yingjiangensis , V-LL 3 (vs. 3\u20133.5), circumpeduncular scales 10\u201312 (vs. 12), caudal-peduncle length 13.4%\u201315.8% SL (vs. 11.3\u201314.8), and caudal-peduncle depth 10.7%\u201312.7% SL (vs. 11.1\u201313.3).Tor (Tor) qiaojiensis Wu & Yao, in Material examined: Tor qiaojiensis, KIZ2014005930\u2013931, 2 ex., 46.1\u201353.7 mm SL, stream near Rat Baw Village, Naung Mun Township, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen and Tao Qin, 2 December 2014; KIZ2015006380\u2013381, SEABRI20150277\u2013281, SEABRI20150830\u2013837, 15 ex., 62.8\u2013189.7 mm SL, Zeyar Stream, Irrawaddy Basin, Zeyar Dan Village, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin and Shu-Sen Shu, 9 December 2015; SEABRI20150459\u2013462, 4 ex., 58.2\u201362.8 mm SL, Nam Ru Stream, Irrawaddy Basin, War Sar Dan Village, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin, and Shu-Sen Shu, 17 December 2015; SEABRI20150464\u2013466, 3 ex., 54.1\u2013126.8 mm SL, Patheik Stream, Irrawaddy Basin, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin, and Shu-Sen Shu, 19 December 2015.Comparative material examined: KIZ2006012423\u2013455, 39.9\u2013104.8 mm SL, 33 ex., Guyong River , Guyong Town, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China; KIZ2006012418\u2013422, 86.4\u2013145.5 mm SL, 5 ex., Binglangjiang River , Guyong Town, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China.Description: Based on the literature , circumpeduncular scales 10 (vs. 10\u201312), head length 26.3%\u201331.4% SL (vs. 27.7\u201330.6), body depth 24.7%\u201328.1% SL (vs. 27.3\u201331.4), caudal-peduncle length 15.5%\u201317.4% SL (vs. 13.9\u201318.8), and caudal-peduncle depth 11.1%\u201312.5% SL (vs. 9.7\u201311).Garra qiaojiensis Wu & Yao, in Material examined: SEABRI20140185\u2013193, 9 ex., 76.2\u201394.9 mm SL, main stem of Mali Hka River, Wurunga Village, Naung Mun Township, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen and Tao Qin, 30 November to 7 December 2014; SEABRI20150231\u2013234, SEABRI20150414, 5 ex., 118.8\u2013165.9 mm SL, Zeyar Stream, Mali Hka Basin, Zeyar Dan Village, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin, and Shu-Sen Shu, 9 & 14 December 2015; KIZ2016007376-377, SEABRI20160188-190, 5 ex., 60.7\u201373.4 mm SL, from Putao fish market, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar, collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin, and Shu-Sen Shu, 6 August 2016.Comparative material examined: KIZ2005002680\u2013694, 49.4\u201372.1 mm SL, 15 ex., Zhina River (tributary of Dayingjiang River), Zhina Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan, China; KIZ2006011157, 92.9 mm SL, Binglangjiang River (upper Dayingjiang River), Guyong Town, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China; KIZ2006011169\u2013174, 81.1\u2013118.8 mm SL, 6 ex., Longchuanjiang River, Wuhe Town, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China; KIZ2006004475\u2013476, 68.7\u201375.9 mm SL, 2 ex., Minglang River (tributary of Longchuanjiang River), Hehua Town, Tengchong County, Yunnan, China.Description: Specimens examined were identified as Garra qiaojiensis according to the following characters , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen and Tao Qin, 2 December 2014; SEABRI20150036\u2013037, 2 ex., 79.6\u201396.5 mm SL, stream near Upper Chan Khaung Village, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin, and Shu-Sen Shu, 5 December 2015; SEABRI20150125\u2013148, 23 ex., 69.6\u201395.3 mm SL  oligolepis: Mo, in Material examined: KIZ2015006382\u2013383, SEABRI20150220\u2013225, 283\u2013291, 17 ex., 61.2\u201391.6 mm SL, Zeyar Stream, Irrawaddy Basin, Zeyar Dan Village, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin, and Shu-Sen Shu, 9 December 2015; SEABRI20150347, 350\u2013351, 355, 362, 364, 375\u2013377, 9 ex., 66.4\u2013152.1 mm SL, upper tributary of Ponyin Stream, Zeyar Dan Village, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Tao Qin and Shu-Sen Shu, 11 & 12 December 2015; SEABRI20150408\u2013413, 6 ex., 72.6\u201384.4 mm SL, Ponyin Stream, Zeyar Dan Village, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin, and Shu-Sen Shu, 14 December 2015; SEABRI20150497\u2013507, 11 ex., 57\u2013100.5 mm SL, Zan Shaw Stream, War Sar Dan Village, Putao District, Kachin State, Myanmar , collected by Xiao-Yong Chen, Tao Qin, and Shu-Sen Shu, 18 December 2015.Comparative material examined: KIZ2016002803, 905\u2013913, 920, 11 ex., 48.5\u2013132.3 mm SL, Erganya River (tributary of Dayingjiang), Tongbiguan Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan, China; KIZ2014005075-082, 62.3\u201391.6 mm SL, 8 ex., Dazhupeng River (tributary of Dayingjiang River), Zhina Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan, China; KIZ2014004705\u2013709, 48.8\u201371.6 mm SL, 5 ex., Zhongling River (tributary of Dayingjiang River), Zhina Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan, China.Description: Combined with the diagnostic characters from the original description, the examined specimens can be distinguished as Schizothorax oligolepis based on the following characters: Body moderately elongate, head and caudal peduncle compressed, dorsal profile arched more than ventral , Yun-Hong Tan and Bin Yang from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG), CAS, and Shwe Lone and Kyi Kyi Khaing from the Forest Research Institute, Forest Department, Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry, Myanmar, for their contribution to the field survey. We especially thank Rui-Chang Quan and Ren Li from XTBG, CAS, for their heartfelt support in the field."}
+{"text": "Psychologica Belgica have beenassessed conscientiously and unselfishly by expert reviewers. The quality of ourjournal totally depends on their valuable and constructive criticisms to theauthors. Both the editors and the authors highly appreciate the input anddedication of all our reviewers. Many thanks.All manuscripts published in  Baars Martine, Hogeschool Rotterdam, the NetherlandsBaldwin Carryl, George Mason University, USABoen Filip, KULeuven, BelgiumBrebels Lieven, KULeuven, Campus Brussels, BelgiumBrenning Katrijn, Ghent University, BelgiumContent Alain, Free University of Brussels (ULB), BelgiumDe Mol Jan, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, BelgiumDe Neys Wim, Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes, FranceDardenne Benoit, University of Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumDehon Hedwige, University of Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumDelrue Jochen, Ghent University, BelgiumDemeyer Ineke, Ghent University, BelgiumFagnant Annick, University of Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumFeys Marjolein, Ghent University, BelgiumGaudreau Patrick, University of Ottawa, Canada Goossens Lien, Ghent University, BelgiumHansenne Michel, University of Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumHansez Isabelle, University of Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumHellin Joost, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Niklaas, BelgiumJelicic Marko, Maastricht University, The NetherlandsKalyuga Slava, University of New South Wales (UNSW), AustraliaKlimstra Theo, Univeristy of Tilburg, the NetherlandsLahaye Magali, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, BelgiumLens Willy, KULeuven, BelgiumLeunissen Joost, University of Southampton, UKMagis David, University of Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumMikolajczak Moira, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, BelgiumMonseur Christian, University of Li\u00e8ge, BelgiumMueller Astrid, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, GermanyNader-Grosbois Nathalie, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, BelgiumNelemans Stefanie, Universiteit Utrecht, the NetherlandsPanizza Daniele, Georg August Universit\u00e4t, G\u00f6ttingen, GermanyQuoidbach Jordi, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SpainReinders Folmer Chris, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the NetherlandsSchaefer Alexandre, Durham University, UK Spronk Marjolein, KULeuven, Belgium Sti\u00e9venart Marie, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, BelgiumTan E.S., University of Amsterdam, The NetherlandsTheuns Peter, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Belgiumvan Alphen Bas, Free University of Brussels (VUB), BelgiumVan den Bergh Bram, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the NetherlandsVanheule Stijn, Ghent University, BelgiumVan Overwalle Frank, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Belgiumvan Tiel Bob, Radboud University Nijmegen, the NetherlandsVantilborgh Tim, Free University of Brussels (VUB), BelgiumVerhaeghen Paul, Georgia Institute of Technology, USAVerschuere Bruno, University of Amsterdam, The NetherlandsWillems Kim, Free University of Brussels (VUB), BelgiumWinterstein Gregoire, Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot, FranceWood Alex, Stirling Management School, UK"}
+{"text": "Worldwide jurisdictions are making efforts to regulate pesticide standard values in residential soil, drinking water, air, and agricultural commodity to lower the risk of pesticide impacts on human health. Because human may exposure to pesticides from many ways, such as ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, it is important to examine pesticide standards by considering all major exposure pathways. Analysis of implied maximum dose limits for commonly historical and current used pesticides was adopted in this study to examine whether worldwide pesticide standard values are enough to prevent human health impact or not. Studies show that only U.S. has regulated pesticides standard in the air. Only 4% of the total number of implied maximum dose limits is based on three major exposures. For Chlorpyrifos, at least 77.5% of the total implied maximum dose limits are above the acceptable daily intake. It also shows that most jurisdictions haven't provided pesticide standards in all major exposures yet, and some of the standards are not good enough to protect human health. After applied to the environment, pesticides can be transported to four major environmental sinks which include soil, water, air, and biomass. Pesticides could be absorbed by soil partials and rushed away into river, groundwater, and lake by rain water. Some volatile and semi-volatile pesticides can evaporate into the air and disperse through winds. Moreover, pesticides can bio-accumulate and bio-magnitude into crops, plants, animals, and human beings through food chain Pesticides are very common in the environment. Human exposure to pesticides can occur through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact Because most pesticides are toxic chemicals, worldwide jurisdictions are taking actions to help manage human health risks caused by pesticides. The actions include regulation of pesticide standard values (PSVs) such as pesticide soil regulatory guidance values (RGVs), pesticide drinking water and air maximum concentration levels (MCLs), and pesticide food maximum residue limits (MRLs). Most jurisdictions regulated PSVs to specify their maximum allowable concentrations in each exposure pathway. PSVs should be regulated and derived based on human health risk model and applied essential toxicological data like acceptable daily intake (ADI) which is the maximum amount of pesticide that can enter human body without adverse health effects. Previous researches have made contributions on regulating worldwide contamination chemical standards. Proctor et al. 2.2.1.The materials needed for this research are worldwide jurisdictions and their PSVs, which include pesticide soil RGVs, pesticide drinking water MCLs, pesticides air MCLs, and pesticide agricultural commodity MRLs. These jurisdictions and PSVs were mainly obtained from online data base. Most governments and environmental departments provided the documents on their official websites. Some materials are collected from other sources such as publication journals, environmental conferences, or news reports. Pesticides from worldwide jurisdictions were identified by Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Numbers (CAS No.). A total of 19,421 soil pesticide RGVs from 174 worldwide soil jurisdictions in 50 nations were identified. Also, a total of 5,474 drinking water pesticide MCLs from 145 worldwide jurisdictions in 95 nations were identified. There are at least 90 worldwide jurisdictions provided agricultural commodity pesticide MRLs. Because only the U.S. regulated pesticide air MCLs, the analysis of air PSVs is omitted. These PSVs references and sources were provided in 2.2.Based on current and historical usage, a total of 25 pesticides have been selected for IMDL analysis . Among t3.3.1.air calculation was omitted.IMDL was introduced in this research to examine the pesticide maximum exposure mass loading based on national jurisdictions PSVs from all major exposure pathways. Pesticide implied dose limits (IDLs) were calculated for each exposure pathway as the following, and because only U.S. regulated pesticide air MCLs, the IDLFor drinking water: For residential soil: For agricultural commodities: All IDLs are based on the following set of exposure scenario coefficient values.EF \u2013 Exposure Factor (1) HW \u2013 Human Weight (70 kg) V \u2013 Volume of water intake rate (2 L/day) 6 mg/kg);CF \u2013 Convert Factor  IRAnd IMDL was derived by adding up IDLs from these possible exposures. If a nation regulated more than one PSVs in one of the major exposures, different IMDLs were calculated by combining different IDL with others. 3.2.L), and geometric mean (\u03bcG) were computed for those selected pesticides IMDLs. CDF analysis was applied to illustrate the distribution of IMDLs. IMDL empirical cumulative distribution for each pesticide was shown as follows. The arithmetic mean (\u03bc), median (m), standard deviation  correlation coefficient was calculated in i) \u2013 probability calculated from IMDL empirical cumulative distribution;E (IMDLi) \u2013 probability calculated from IMDL theoretical lognormal cumulative distribution.F (IMDL3.4.i \u2212 IMDLi+M) with M non-random values. Binomial probability function expressed in CDF analysis was also applied to find IMDL clusters. IMDL cluster is defined as IMDL interval  value which measures the maximum amount of pesticide which can get into the human body without occurring adverse health effects. IMDLs for three pesticides 2,4-D, Chlorpyrifos, and Diazinon were discussed in this study.4.1.The cluster at 7.18 E-03 \u2013 7.81 E-03 mg/kg-day is made up of 33 IMDLs computed from Cambodia, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Honduras, Egypt, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Venezuela, Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, European Union (EU), Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and Thailand. The cluster at 6.95 E-03 mg/kg-day is made up of 17 IMDLs computed from Algeria, Angola, Bangladesh, Barbados, Bermuda, Belgium, Bulgaria, Estonia, Hong Kong, French West Indies, Iceland, Latvia, Luxembourg, Romania, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates, and Ukraine. The cluster at 8.57 E-04 mg/kg-day is made up of 21 IMDLs computed from Argentina, Tanzania, Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Bhutan, Fiji, India, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Labia, Nauru, Russia, Rwanda, St. Lucia, Syrian Arab, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uganda, and U.S..Only four 2,4-D IMDLs are above the arithmetic mean (2.31 E-02 mg/kg-day) because it is skewed by some extreme values such as 8.66 E-01 mg/kg-day at the high end of the distribution. On the other hand, the median and geometric mean (6.94 E-03 and 2.14 E-03 mg/kg-day respectively) are better measures of vales central tendency. There are 13  2,4-D IMDLs exceeding the 2,4-D ADI which is equal to 0.01 mg/kg-day 4.2.The cluster at 2.86E-06 mg/kg-day is made up of 9 IMDLs from Andorra, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Estonia, Gambia, Labia, Liechtenstein, Ukraine, and Vanuatu. The cluster at 8.57 E-04 mg/kg-day is made up of 14 IMDLs from Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Bhutan, Fiji, Labia, Kiribati, Kuwait, Nauru, Qatar, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uganda, and St. Lucia. The cluster at 2.09 E-03 \u2013 2.10 E-03 mg/kg-day is made up of 29 IMDLs from Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, French West Indies, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, EU, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Latvia, Luxembourg, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Spain, and United Kingdom. The cluster at 5.38 E-03 \u2013 5.42 E-03 mg/kg-day is made up of 26 IMDLs from Algeria, Angola, Bangladesh, Barbados, Bermuda, Cambodia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Lebanon, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, and Venezuela.There are 100  Chlorpyrifos IMDLs above the ADI which is 0.001 mg/kg-day 4.3.The data cluster at 2.86 E-06 mg/kg-day is made up of 8 IMDLs from Andorra, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Estonia, Labia, Liechtenstein, Ukraine, and Vanuatu. The cluster at 3.58 E-05 mg/kg-day is made up of 18 IMDLs from the Austria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, EU, France, Germany, Greek, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Sweden, and Switzerland. The cluster at 2.59 E-04 \u2013 2.63 E-04 mg/kg-day is made up of 32 IMDLs from Algeria, Angola, Bangladesh, Barbados, Cambodia, China, Chile, Costa Rica, Egypt, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Lebanon, Morocco, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, South Africa, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela, Vietnam, and WHO. The cluster at 9.84 E-04 \u2013 1.11 E-03 mg/kg-day is made up of 11 IMDLs from Bahrain, Brunei, Hong Kong, South Korea, New Zealand, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Singapore.Only 22 Diazinon IMDLs are above the arithmetic mean which is 4.26 E-04 mg/kg-day because it is skewed by some extreme values such as 8.90 E-03 mg/kg-day at the high end of the distribution. The median and geometric mean  are probably better measures of vales central tendency. Among the 108 Diazinon IMDLs, only two of them were computed from three exposures. There are 20  Diazinon IMDLs above the ADI which is 0.002 mg/kg-day 5.The weighted average Pearson correlation coefficient of selected pesticides IMDLs is 0.926. For some pesticides such as Dieldrin, the correlation coefficient is 0.981. The weighted average order of variance of IMDLs is 6.09. Endosulfan IMDL values have the largest span of 8.29 order of magnitude. It suggests that in general, the IMDLs of selected pesticides are well dispersed over data spans, and worldwide jurisdictions lack the agreement on PSVs regulations in major exposures.Only 105 IMDLs  were computed from three major exposures. Most worldwide jurisdictions regulated selected pesticides in either two exposures or one exposure. As those are largely used pesticides and they can move and be transported to the soil, water, air, and biomass. It is necessary for worldwide jurisdictions to regulate PSVs in all major exposures. Glyphosate is top used pesticides over the world, however, only four Glyphosate IMDLs were computed from PSVs in soil, water, and agricultural commodity. Although the use of DDT has been banned, it can still be detected in soil, water, and food because of the wide application in the past.There are 100 Chlorpyrifos IMDLs  above the ADI, however, only seven IMDLs were computed from major exposures, indicating that jurisdictions haven't provide safe Chlorpyrifos standard values even in one of the major exposure pathways. Although all IMDLs of Endosulfan are below the ADI value, none of them account for all major human exposures. Above all, it suggests that PSVs in all major exposure pathways should be regulated and comprehensive regulations of PSVs are necessary from human health point of view."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-05682-6, published online 13 July 2017Correction to: In this Article, Affiliation 4 was incorrectly listed as \u2018Institute Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.\u2019 The correct affiliation is listed below:Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-06727-6, published online 25 July 2017Correction to: The original version of this Article incorrectly listed all author names in reverse. The author list now reads:Chiara Perruchon, Sotirios Vasileiadis, Constantina Rousidou, Evangelia S. Papadopoulou, Georgia Tanou, Martina Samiotaki, Constantinos Garagounis, Athanasios Molassiotis, Kalliope K. Papadopoulou, Dimitrios G. Karpouzas"}
+{"text": "AbstractCladocera, Copepoda) of many arctic islands is still unknown and have never been explored. Here we report the results of the first investigation of the zooplankton of the Shokalsky Island .Information on freshwater invertebrates of the Russian Arctic is very scarce, especially concerning insular biota. The species composition of microcrustaceans  of many arctic islands is still unknown and have never been explored. Here we report the results of the first investigation of the zooplankton of the Shokalsky Island .Information on freshwater invertebrates of the Russian Arctic is very scarce, especially concerning insular biota. The species composition of microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Copepoda of 21 freshwater habitats located on the south\u00adwestern part of Shokalsky Island. We found 15 species of microcrustaceans in total and all of them are reported for the first time here. Also, the obtained data expand the existing ranges of distribution of some species and report several new taxa for the whole Yamalo\u00adNenets region of Russia.The new records reported here are novel for the region and significantly expand the knowledge of the high\u00ad-latitude aquatic biota. We studied the species composition of  Cladocera, Copepoda) of Shokalsky island has never been explored.Shokalsky Island is a small island in the Kara Sea located in the Yamalo\u00adNenets Autonomous Okrug of Russia Fig. . It is sCladocera and Copepoda were recorded. Description of the distributional ranges of the species is also provided in the checklist: AT - Afrotropical, AU - Australasian, ANT - Antarctic, NA - Nearctic, NT - Neotropical, OL - Oriental, PA - Palaearctic, PAC - Pacific oceanic islands.The samples were collected during a hydrobiological survey of the compex expedition of KUBZ (Moscow Zoo young biologist's coterie) in August, 2014. Microcrustaceans were collected from 21 freshwater habitats from south\u00adwestern part of Shokalsky Island, most of them were small thermokarst ponds with the depth of 0.5\u00ad - 1.5 m Fig. ), averagLatreille, 1829Dybowski et Grochowski, 1894Distribution: AT, AU, NA, NT, OL, PA.localities no. 1, 7. Distribution: AT, AU, NA, NT, OL, PA.localities no. 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 16, 21. Distribution: AT, AU, NA, OL, PA.locality no. 9. Distribution: AT, AU, NA, NT, OL, PAC, PA.localities no. 1-9, 11, 13, 16, 19, 20, 21. Distribution (subsp. testudinaria): AT, AU, NA, NT, OL, PA.locality no. 17. Kurz, 1875 sensu Dumont et Silva-Briano, 1998Lilljeborg 1887Distribution: NA, PA.localities no. 1, 21. Straus, 1820Leydig, 1860Distribution: AT, NA, NT, PA.localities no. 3, 5, 6, 7, 13, 19. Distribution: NA, NT, PA.localities no. 1, 6, 7. Distribution: PA.locality no. 1. Baird 1845 sensu Sars 1865Distribution: : AT, ANT, AU, NA, NT, OL, PAC, PA.localities no. 17, 18. Baird, 1850Distribution: NA, PA.localities no. 21. Baird, 1845Distribution: NA, PAlocalities no. 1-9, 13, 14, 20, 21. Milne Edwards, 1840Burmeister, 1834Rafinesque, 1815Uljanin, 1875localities no. 1, 4, 18, 19.Sars G.O., 1903Baird, 1850Distribution: PA , Greenland, Northern Alaska (Colville River)).locality no. 1. Distribution: NA .localities no. 1-9, 12, 13, 14, 18, 20, 21. Cladocera, and three species in three genera of Copepoda. All of the taxa have not been previously documented on the island. Microcrustaceans were found in 90% of the studied sites. The number of species encountered in each water body varied from one to ten , Polyphemuspediculus  and Chydoruscf.sphaericus , they usually dominate in the communities and occured in most of the investigated water bodies.In total 15 species of microcrustaceans were identified, comprising 12 species in 12 genera of Cladocera , Diaptomuscf.castor  and Graptoleberistestudinaria . The first two species have never been found on the territory of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and the third one was only known from waters of lower Ob' River (L.setifera this record is the northernmost finding ever (The distributional ranges of all the species are rather wide, none of them are restricted to the arctic area or more limited region. The areas of the species are noted in the Checklist according to the FADA Databases of ladocera  and CopeCopepoda . The mosb' River . All of ing ever ."}
+{"text": "This issue marks the conclusion of 10 years of publication of the JACMP and, to note the occasion, I passed my editorial hat to Dr Peter Almond, the first Editor\u2010in\u2010Chief of the JACMP, and invited him to write a guest editorial for this issue of the journal. Before I temporarily relinquish the reins to Dr Almond, however, I want to make note of the fact that this issue of the JACMP is the largest yet published. Consequently, special thanks goes to the authors without whose contributions we would have no journal, the Associate Editors listed below, and the reviewers, listed in a Supplementary File.Associate Editors (including Guest Associate Editors): Nzhde Agazaryan, Salahuddin Ahmad, John Antolak, Peter Balter, Sam Beddar, Pat Cadman, Marco Carlone, Nathan Childress, Geoff Clarke, Laurence Court, Larry DeWerd, Bill Erwin, John Gibbons, Michael Gossman, Rebecca Howell, Ed Jackson, Jennifer Johnson, Stephen Kry, Rajat Kudchadker, Moyed Miften, Robin Miller, Eduardo Moros, Firas Mourtada, Ben Nelms, John Pacyniak, Niko Papanikolaou, Matt Podgorsak, Jerimy Polf, Karl Prado, Jim Rodgers, John Rong, Isaac Rosen, Bill Salter, Mehrdad Sarfaraz, Jeff Shepard, Almon Shiu, Alf Siochi, Eric Siessinger, Tim Solberg, Jason Stafford, Frank Van Den Heuvel, Sastry Vedam, Lu Wang, Chuck Willis, Twyla Willoughby, Al Zacarias, and Ron Zhu.You will hear from me again in February with Vol 11 Number 1.George Starkschall, PhDEditor\u2010in\u2010ChiefNovember 15, 2009Supplementary Material FilesClick here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "CVD) among HIV\u2010positive individuals. We investigated whether such differences exist in the observational D:A:D cohort study.There is paucity of data related to potential gender differences in the use of interventions to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease (CVD interventions  vs. 2.40 ; ACEIs: 0.88  vs. 1.43 ; anti\u2010hypertensives: 1.40  vs. 1.72  and ICPs: 0.08  vs. 0.30 , and this was also true for most CVD interventions when exclusively considering periods of follow\u2010up for which individuals were at high CVD risk. In fully adjusted models, women were less likely to receive CVD interventions than men , except for the receipt of anti\u2010hypertensives .Women  were generally at lower CVD interventions was lower among women than men. Interventions are needed to ensure that all HIV\u2010positive persons, particularly women, are appropriately monitored for CVD and, if required, receive appropriate CVD interventions.The use of most  Importantly, there is increasing evidence of delayed or less intensive use of medical and invasive procedures for diagnostic evaluation and treatment of MI and stroke among women compared to men As in the general population, guidelines for the prevention of CVD among HIV\u2010positive individuals generally focus on groups at high CVD risk 2https://www.chip.dk/Portals/0/files/Study%20documents/DAD_MOOP_revised2013.pdf). MIs are classified with a Dundee score using criteria from the WHO MONICA Study www.chip.dk/code) The D:A:D study is a large, prospective cohort study which follows >49,000 HIV\u2010positive persons from 11 collaborating cohorts in Europe, USA and Australia, contributing to >430,000 person years of follow\u2010up (PYRS). The details of the study have been described previously 2.1Men and women were followed from baseline  until the earliest of death, six months after last visit or February 1, 2015. CVD interventions considered were ICPs and the use of anti\u2010hypertensives, angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and lipid lowering drugs (LLDs). Individuals with a previous MI/stroke at baseline (i.e. prior to D:A:D Study entry (n\u00a0=\u00a0654)) were excluded from analyses of the subsequent initiation of interventions as the interventions received by these individuals prior to and after the event could not be ascertained with sufficient accuracy. Rates of initiation of each CVD\u2010related intervention were calculated for the total time of follow\u2010up and for the specific periods of follow\u2010up during which individuals were at high CVD risk according to one or more of the following risk subgroups: TC >6.2\u00a0mmol/L (>240\u00a0mg/dl), TG >2.3\u00a0mmol/L (>204\u00a0mg/dl), hypertension (systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140\u00a0mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >90\u00a0mmHg, or reported use of ACEIs/anti\u2010hypertensives), previous (post baseline) MI, diabetes , age >50\u00a0years or predicted 10\u2010year CVD risk score >10% (moderate/high Framingham CVD risk score). As the D:A:D CVD risk score was published in more recent years, the Framingham risk score was chosen as it has been more widely used in participating clinics over the whole study period. Since ACEIs may also be used to treat hypertension, consideration of ACEIs separately to other anti\u2010hypertensives may result in an under\u2010estimation of drugs used to treat hypertension. Thus, we additionally considered a combined drug classification of either ACEIs or other anti\u2010hypertensives.Each individual's follow\u2010up was split into a series of consecutive one\u2010month periods and the clinical, immunologic and virologic status at the start of each period was established. Poisson regression models were then used to assess whether initiation rates of CVD interventions were lower in women compared to men, after adjustment for the following potential time\u2010updated confounders: age, calendar year, body mass index (BMI), TC, TG, hypertension, previous MI, race, smoking status, AIDS, CVD family history, stroke, diabetes and CVD risk score >10%.For each calendar year of follow\u2010up, an individual was considered to have been monitored for TC, TG, HDL and SBP/DBP if there was at least one measure of each within that year. Logistic regression models then assessed whether the probability of being monitored for each measure differed in men and women, after adjustment for calendar year, age, BMI, TC, TG, hypertension, previous MI, diabetes and CVD risk score >10%.Additional analyses were performed in which we adjusted for TC, TG and SBP/DBP as continuous rather than categorical covariates and after excluding those with a mode of HIV acquisition other than heterosexual sex, as the latter is the group in which the comparison between men and women is least affected by other, unmeasured confounders. Where differences between men and women were identified we fitted a series of regression models, progressively adjusting for each of the potential confounders, allowing us to identify the potential mediators of any differences seen. Finally, since our main analyses investigated overall initiation rates both before and after an MI, we performed sensitivity analyses in which post\u2010MI follow up was censored, thus restricting analyses to interventions used only prophylactically and allowing us to investigate whether findings were consistent.33.1Of the 49,049 included participants, 12,955 were women and 36,094 were men. Baseline characteristics of the men and women at study entry are shown in Table\u00a03.2The women in the study contributed a total of 113,821 PYRS to the analyses. Of these, 14.9% were contributed by women with a high TG level, 17.5% were contributed by women >50\u00a0years, and 16.9% were contributed by women with hypertension , although differences were attenuated and became non\u2010significant in adjusted models . In contrast, while no difference in blood pressure monitoring rates were seen prior to adjustment , women were more likely to be monitored for blood pressure in adjusted models .3.4Over the total follow\u2010up period, 1334 (10.3%) women and 6274 (17.4%) men initiated LLD; 944 (7.3%) women and 4016 (11.1%) men initiated ACEIs; 1444 (11.1%) women and 4834 (13.4%) men initiated anti\u2010hypertensives; 1715 (13.2%) women and 6126 (17.0%) men initiated ACEIs or anti\u2010hypertensives; and 89 (0.7%) women and 932 (2.6%) men underwent an ICP. When taking all follow\u2010up time into consideration, women had lower initiation rates than men for all CVD interventions: LLDs (incidence rate (IR) [95% CI]/100 PYRS in women vs. men 1.28  vs. 2.40 ), ACEIs , anti\u2010hypertensives ; ACEIs or anti\u2010hypertensives 1.59  vs. 2.26  and ICPs  . To investigate which factors were likely to contribute to the higher likelihood of use of anti\u2010hypertensives by women compared to men, a series of regression models was fitted in which we progressively adjusted for each of the potential confounders in turn. This analysis revealed that this finding was mainly driven by adjustments for hypertension and a CVD risk score >10%.In Poisson regression models, unadjusted rates of initiation for each of the four CVD interventions  were lower in women than in men Figure\u00a0. When adAdditional adjustment for TC, TG, and SBP/DBP as continuous covariates, and the exclusion of those with modes of HIV transmission other than heterosexual sex, led to consistent results. Consistent results were also observed when follow\u2010up was censored at the time of an MI, suggesting that our findings could not simply be explained by a higher uptake of secondary prevention interventions post\u2010MI in men.4Women generally have a lower CVD risk than men, particularly at younger ages We identified subgroups of study participants who we believed would be considered to be at higher CVD risk and in whom monitoring and interventions for CVD might be appropriate. Where women were deemed to be at high CVD risk, this was most commonly due to the presence of hypertension and/or triglyceridemia, or because of older age. The relatively high proportion of time that women spent with hypertension likely reflects the higher proportion of those of black African ethnicity, a known risk factor for hypertension In fully adjusted models, women in our study were less likely than men to receive LLDs, ACEIs and ICPs, and of these interventions least likely to receive ICPs. Several other studies from the general population have also demonstrated that women are less likely to receive diagnostic and therapeutic invasive CVD\u2010interventions than men In contrast to the receipt of LLDs, ACEIs and ICPs, women in our study were more likely to receive anti\u2010hypertensives than men. The increased use of anti\u2010hypertensives appeared to be driven by women with hypertension and a CVD risk score >10%. As ACEIs are partly used as anti\u2010hypertensives, the gender difference in the use of ACEIs was expectedly reduced after controlling for hypertension, and the difference between men and women was less marked when the combined class of anti\u2010hypertensives or ACEIs was considered, with the lower uptake in women for ACEIs being counter\u2010balanced by the higher uptake of anti\u2010hypertensives in this group. Supported by the slightly higher monitoring rates for blood pressure that we observed in women, our findings argue that hypertension might have more focus in clinical practice. This may relate to hypertension being one of the more common CVD risk factors in women 4.1While we capture information on many CVD risk factors, some CVD risk factors and preventive CVD\u2010interventions  as well as some female\u2010specific factors  are not captured in our dataset. For this reason, we did not aim to identify specific individuals in whom interventions would be certain to be recommended or to assess whether any such recommendations were appropriate, but simply used the data to identify groups at higher CVD risk in whom awareness of CVD risk and regular monitoring should be greater. It is possible that some individuals may not have accepted any interventions they were offered, or that provider or health system\u2010related factors, , may have influenced our results, possibilities we are unable to investigate due to the nature of the dataset. Although we believe that our detailed query processes and monitoring activities contribute to minimize ascertainment bias, we cannot exclude the possibility that there may be under\u2010 or delayed\u2010ascertainment of the receipt of CVD interventions or that this information may be less readily available in women than men. A relatively small proportion of follow\u2010up time among women was contributed by those at moderate or high CVD risk, but still represented around 5000 PYRS, and our results suggest that the study is not under\u2010powered to detect effects. Finally, although the differences observed are intriguing, we are unable to investigate the reasons for these gender differences.5In our study, HIV\u2010positive women were less likely than men to receive most CVD\u2010related interventions, with the exception of anti\u2010hypertensive drugs. These findings are mostly consistent with those from the general population.The reasons why women are less likely to receive interventions than men are multiple, but insufficient monitoring and awareness of CVD risk in women, and the more heterogeneous clinical presentations of CVD probably play a major role. As HIV\u2010positive individuals in general are at higher risk of CVD further efforts are needed to ensure that both women and men are appropriately monitored for CVD risk and, if required, receive relevant CVD\u2010related interventions. Furthermore studies are warranted on why these gender related differences exist in the prevention and management of CVD in HIV\u2010positive individuals.Amanda Mocroft has received travel support, honoraria, speaker fees and/or lecture fees from BMS, Gilead, ViiV, Pfizer, Merck, BI and Wragge LLC.Peter Reiss has through his institution received independent scientific grant support from Gilead Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc, Merck & Co, Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb and ViiV Healthcare; he has served on a scientific advisory board for Gilead Sciences and a data safety monitoring committee for Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc; he chaired a scientific symposium by ViiV Healthcare, for which his institution has received remuneration.Christian Pradier reports non\u2010financial support from JANSSEN, personal fees from GILEAD, non\u2010financial support from VIIV HEALTH CARE, non\u2010financial support from MSD, outside the submitted work.Antonella d'Arminio Monforte has received grants for advisory boards or lectures by Abbve, BMS, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, ViiVMatthew Law has received unrestricted grants from Boehringer Ingelhiem, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb, Janssen\u2010Cilag, ViiV HealthCare. Consultancy payments from Gilead Sciences DSMB sitting fees from Sirtex Pty LtdCaroline Sabin has received honoraria for the membership of Data Safety and Monitoring Boards, Advisory Boards and Speaker Panels from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare and Janssen\u2010Cilag. She has received funding to support the development of educational materials from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare.Camilla Ingrid Hatleberg, Lene Ryom, Wafaa El\u2010Sadr, Helen Kovari, Francois Dabis, Stephane de Wit and Jens Lundgren have no disclosures to declare.Author contributions: C.I.H, L.R., J.D.L. and C.S. developed the initial analysis protocol. C.I.H and L.R performed study co\u2010ordination and prepared the datasets for analysis, C.S. performed the statistical analysis. C.I.H. prepared the first draft of the manuscript and completed all revisions. L.R, J.D.L and C.S provided critical input at all stages of the preparation of the manuscript. W.E.S, A.M, P.R, S.D.W, F.D, C.P, A.D.M, H.K, M. L provided data and revised the manuscript critically. All authors have provided input at all stages of the project and approved the final version.Grant number DNRF126 from the Danish National Research Foundation (CHIP & PERSIMUNE); \u201cOversight Committee for The Evaluation of Metabolic Complications of HAART\u201d with representatives from academia, patient community, FDA, EMA and a consortium of AbbVie, Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, Merck and Janssen Pharmaceuticals.Central coordination: P Reiss*, S Zaheri, M Hillebregt, FWNM Wit;CLINICAL CENTRES (\u00a4 denotes site coordinating physician) Academic Medical Centre of the University of Amsterdam: JM Prins\u00a4, TW Kuijpers, HJ Scherpbier, JTM van der Meer, FWNM Wit, MH Godfried, P Reiss,T van der Poll, FJB Nellen, SE Geerlings, M van Vugt, D Pajkrt, JC Bos, WJ Wiersinga, M van der Valk, A Goorhuis, JW Hovius, J van Eden, A Henderiks, AMH van Hes, M Mutschelknauss, HE Nobel, FJJ Pijnappel, S Jurriaans, NKT Back, HL Zaaijer, B Berkhout, MTE Cornelissen, CJ Schinkel, XV Thomas. A De Ruyter Ziekenhuis, Goes: M van den Berge, A Stegeman, S Baas, L Hage de Looff, D Versteeg. C Ziekenhuis, Eindhoven: MJH Pronk\u00a4, HSM Ammerlaan, E de Munnik . AR Jansz, J Tjhie, MCA Wegdam, B Deiman, V Scharnhorst. Emma Kinderziekenhuis: A van der Plas, AM Weijsenfeld. Erasmus MC, Rotterdam: ME van der Ende\u00a4, TEMS de Vries\u2010Sluijs, ECM van Gorp, CAM Schurink, JL Nouwen, A Verbon, BJA Rijnders, HI Bax, M van der Feltz, N Bassant, JEA van Beek, M Vriesde, LM van Zonneveld. A de Oude\u2010Lubbers, HJ van den Berg\u2010Cameron, FB Bruinsma\u2010Broekman, J de Groot, M de Zeeuw\u2010de Man, CAB Boucher, MPG Koopmans, JJA van Kampen, SD Pas. Erasmus MC\u2013Sophia, Rotterdam: GJA Driessen, AMC van Rossum, LC van der Knaap, E Visser Flevoziekenhuis, Almere: J Branger\u00a4, A Rijkeboer\u2010Mes, CJHM Duijf\u2010van de Ven. HagaZiekenhuis, Den Haag: EF Schippers\u00a4, C van Nieuwkoop, JM van IJperen, J Geilings, G van der Hut, PFH Franck. HIV Focus Centrum (DC Klinieken): A van Eeden\u00a4, W Brokking, M Groot, LJM Elsenburg, M Damen, IS Kwa Isala, Zwolle: PHP Groeneveld\u00a4, JW Bouwhuis, JF van den Berg, AGW van Hulzen, GL van der Bliek, PCJ Bor, P Bloembergen, MJHM Wolfhagen, GJHM Ruijs. Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden: FP Kroon\u00a4, MGJ de Boer, MP Bauer, H Jolink, AM Vollaard, W Dorama, N van Holten, ECJ Claas, E Wessels. Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam: JG den Hollander\u00a4, K Pogany, A Roukens, M Kastelijns, JV Smit, E Smit, D Struik\u2010Kalkman, C Tearno, M Bezemer, T van Niekerk, O Pontesilli. Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht: SH Lowe\u00a4, AML Oude Lashof, D Posthouwer, RP Ackens, J Schippers, R Vergoossen, B Weijenberg\u2010Maes, IHM van Loo, TRA Havenith. MCH\u2010Bronovo, Den Haag: EMS Leyten\u00a4, LBS Gelinck, A van Hartingsveld, C Meerkerk, GS Wildenbeest, JAEM Mutsaers, CL Jansen. MC Slotervaart, Amsterdam: JW Mulder, SME Vrouenraets, FN Lauw, MC van Broekhuizen, H Paap, DJ Vlasblom, PHM Smits. MC Zuiderzee, Lelystad: S Weijer\u00a4, R El Moussaoui, AS Bosma. Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden: MGA van Vonderen\u00a4, DPF van Houte, LM Kampschreur, K Dijkstra, S Faber, J Weel. Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede: GJ Kootstra\u00a4, CE Delsing, M van der Burg\u2010van de Plas, H Heins, E Lucas. Noorwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar: W Kortmann\u00a4, G van Twillert\u00a4, JWT Cohen Stuart, BMW Diederen, D Pronk, FA van Truijen\u2010Oud, WA van der Reijden, R Jansen. OLVG, Amsterdam: K Brinkman\u00a4, GEL van den Berk, WL Blok, PHJ Frissen, KD Lettinga, WEM Schouten, J Veenstra, CJ Brouwer, GF Geerders, K Hoeksema, MJ Kleene, IB van der Mech\u00e9, M Spelbrink, H Sulman, AJM Toonen, S Wijnands, M Damen, D Kwa, E Witte. Radboudumc, Nijmegen: PP Koopmans, M Keuter, AJAM van der Ven, HJM ter Hofstede, ASM Dofferhoff, R van Crevel, M Albers, MEW Bosch, KJT Grintjes\u2010Huisman, BJ Zomer, FF Stelma, J Rahamat\u2010Langendoen, D Burger. Rijnstate, Arnhem: C Richter\u00a4, EH Gisolf, RJ Hassing, G ter Beest, PHM van Bentum, N Langebeek, R Tiemessen, CMA Swanink. Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem: SFL van Lelyveld\u00a4, R Soetekouw, N Hulshoff, LMM van der Prijt, J van der Swaluw, N Bermon, WA van der Reijden, R Jansen, BL Herpers, D Veenendaal. Medisch Centrum Jan van Goyen, Amsterdam: DWM Verhagen, M van Wijk. St Elisabeth Ziekenhuis, Tilburg: MEE van Kasteren\u00a4, AE Brouwer, BAFM de Kruijf\u2010van de Wiel, M Kuipers, RMWJ Santegoets, B van der Ven, JH Marcelis, AGM Buiting, PJ Kabel. Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen: WFW Bierman\u00a4, H Scholvinck, KR Wilting, Y Stienstra, H de Groot\u2010de Jonge, PA van der Meulen, DA de Weerd, J Ludwig\u2010Roukema, HGM Niesters, A Riezebos\u2010Brilman, CC van Leer\u2010Buter, M Knoester. Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht, Utrecht: AIM Hoepelman\u00a4, T Mudrikova, PM Ellerbroek, JJ Oosterheert, JE Arends, RE Barth, MWM Wassenberg, EM Schadd, DHM van Elst\u2010Laurijssen, EEB van Oers\u2010Hazelzet, S Vervoort, M van Berkel, R Schuurman, F Verduyn\u2010Lunel, AMJ Wensing. VUmc, Amsterdam: EJG Peters\u00a4, MA van Agtmael, M Bomers, J de Vocht, M Heitmuller, LM Laan, AM Pettersson, CMJE Vandenbroucke\u2010Grauls, CW Ang . Wilhelmina Kinderziekenhuis, UMCU, Utrecht: SPM Geelen, TFW Wolfs, LJ Bont, N Nauta. COORDINATING CENTRE P Reiss, DO Bezemer, AI van Sighem, C Smit, FWNM Wit, TS Boender, S Zaheri, M Hillebregt, A de Jong, D Bergsma, P Hoekstra, A de Lang, S Grivell, A Jansen, MJ Rademaker, M Raethke, R Meijering, S Schn\u00f6rr, L de Groot, M van den Akker, Y Bakker, E Claessen, A El Berkaoui, J Koops, E Kruijne, C Lodewijk, L Munjishvili, B Peeck, C Ree, R Regtop, Y Ruijs, T Rutkens, L van de Sande, M Schoorl, A Timmerman, E Tuijn, L Veenenberg, S van der Vliet, A Wisse, T Woudstra, B Tuk.Coordination: F Bonnet, F DabisScientific committee: M Dupon, V Gaborieau, D Lacoste, D Malvy, P Merci\u00e9, P Morlat, D Neau, JL Pellegrin, S Tchamgou\u00e9, E Lazaro, C Cazanave, M Vandenhende, MO Vareil, Y G\u00e9rard, P Blanco, S Bouchet, D Breilh, H Fleury, I Pellegrin, G Ch\u00eane, R Thi\u00e9baut, L Wittkop, L Wittkop, O Leleux, S Lawson\u2010Ayayi, A Gimbert, S Desjardin, L Lacaze\u2010Buzy, V Petrov\u2010SanchezEpidemiology and Methodology: F Bonnet, G Ch\u00eane, F Dabis, R Thi\u00e9baut, L WittkopInfectious Diseases and Internal Medicine: K Andr\u00e9, N Bernard, F Bonnet, O Caubet, L Caunegre, C Cazanave, I Chossat, C Courtault, FA Dauchy, S De Witte, D Dondia, M Dupon, P Duffau, H Dutronc, S Farbos, I Faure, H Ferrand, V Gaborieau, Y Gerard, C Greib, M Hessamfar, Y Imbert, D Lacoste, P Lataste, E Lazaro, D Malvy, J Marie, M Mechain, P Merci\u00e9, E Monlun, P Morlat, D Neau, A Ochoa, JL Pellegrin, T Pistone, I Raymond, MC Receveur, P Rispal, L Sorin, S Tchamgou\u00e9, C Valette, MA Vandenhende, MO Vareil, JF Viallard, H Wille, G Wirth.Immunology: I Pellegrin, P BlancoVirology: H Fleury, ME Lafon, P Trimoulet, P Bellecave, C TumiottoPharmacology: S Bouchet, D Breilh, F Haramburu, G Miremeont\u2010Salam\u00e9Data collection, Project Management and Statistical Analyses: MJ Blaizeau, M Decoin, C Hannapier, E Lenaud et A Pougetoux; S Delveaux, C D'Ivernois, F Diarra, B Uwamaliya\u2010Nziyumvira, O Leleux; F Le Marec, E Boerg, S Lawson\u2010Ayayi;IT department and eCRF development: G Palmer, V Conte, V SapparrartCentral coordination: M Law*, K Petoumenos, R Puhr, R Huang . Participating physicians : R Moore, S Edwards, J Hoy, K Watson, N Roth, H Lau ; M Bloch, D Baker, A Carr, D Cooper, ; M O'Sullivan , D Nolan, G Guelfi .Central coordination: G Calvo, F Torres, S Mateu (Barcelona);Participating physicians (city): P Domingo, MA Sambeat, J Gatell, E Del Cacho, J Cadafalch, M Fuster (Barcelona); C Codina, G Sirera, A Vaqu\u00e9 .Coordination: S De Wit*, N Clumeck, M Delforge, C Necsoi.Participating physicians: N Clumeck, S De Wit*, AF Gennotte, M Gerard, K Kabeya, D Konopnicki, A Libois, C Martin, MC Payen, P Semaille, Y Van Laethem.Central coordination: J Neaton, G Bartsch, WM El\u2010Sadr*, E Krum, G Thompson, D Wentworth;Participating physicians : R Luskin\u2010Hawk ; E Telzak ; WM El\u2010Sadr ; DI Abrams ; D Cohn ; N Markowitz ; R Arduino ; D Mushatt ; G Friedland ; G Perez ; E Tedaldi ; E Fisher ; F Gordin ; LR Crane ; J Sampson ; J Baxter .Steering Committee: J Gatell, B Gazzard, A Horban, I Karpov, M Losso, A d'Arminio Monforte, C Pedersen, M Ristola, A Phillips, P Reiss, J Lundgren, J RockstrohChair: J RockstrohStudy Co\u2010leads: A Mocroft, O KirkCoordinating Centre Staff: O Kirk, L Peters, C Matthews, AH Fischer, A Bojesen, D Raben, D Kristensen, K Gr\u00f8nborg Laut, JF Larsen, D PodlekarevaStatistical Staff: A Mocroft, A Phillips, A Cozzi\u2010Lepri, L Shepherd, A Schultze, S AmeleThe multi\u2010centre study group, EuroSIDA .Argentina: (M Losso), M Kundro, Hospital JM Ramos Mejia, Buenos Aires.Austria: (B Schmied), Pulmologisches Zentrum der Stadt Wien, Vienna; R Zangerle, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck.Belarus: (I Karpov), A Vassilenko, Belarus State Medical University, Minsk, VM Mitsura, Gomel State Medical University, Gomel; D Paduto, Regional AIDS Centre, Svetlogorsk.Belgium: (N Clumeck), S De Wit, M Delforge, Saint\u2010Pierre Hospital, Brussels; E Florence, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp; L Vandekerckhove, University Ziekenhuis Gent, Gent.Bosnia\u2010Herzegovina: (V Hadziosmanovic), Klinicki Centar Univerziteta Sarajevo, Sarajevo.Croatia: (J Begovac), University Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Zagreb.Czech Republic: , D Jilich, Faculty Hospital Bulovka, Prague; D Sedlacek, Charles University Hospital, Plzen.Denmark: G Kronborg, T Benfield, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen; J Gerstoft, T Katzenstein, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen; NF M\u00f8ller, C Pedersen, Odense University Hospital, Odense; L Ostergaard, Skejby Hospital, Aarhus, L Wiese, Roskilde Hospital, Roskilde; LN Nielsen, Hillerod Hospital, Hillerod.Estonia: (K Zilmer), West\u2010Tallinn Central Hospital, Tallinn; Jelena Smidt, Nakkusosakond Siseklinik, Kohtla\u2010J\u00e4rve.Finland: (M Ristola), I Aho, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki.France: (J\u2010P Viard), H\u00f4tel\u2010Dieu, Paris; P\u2010M Girard, Hospital Saint\u2010Antoine, Paris; C Pradier, E Fontas, H\u00f4pital de l'Archet, Nice; C Duvivier, H\u00f4pital Necker\u2010Enfants Malades, Paris.Germany: (J Rockstroh), Universit\u00e4ts Klinik Bonn; R Schmidt, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover; O Degen, University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf, Infectious Diseases Unit, Hamburg; HJ Stellbrink, IPM Study Center, Hamburg; C Stefan, JW Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt; J Bogner, Medizinische Poliklinik, Munich; G F\u00e4tkenheuer, Universit\u00e4t K\u00f6ln, Cologne.Georgia: (N Chkhartishvili) Infectious Diseases, AIDS & Clinical Immunology Research Center, TbilisiGreece: , G Xylomenos, K Armenis, Athens General Hospital \u201cG Gennimatas\u201d; H Sambatakou, Ippokration General Hospital, Athens.Hungary: (J Szl\u00e1vik), Szent L\u00e1sl\u00f3 Hospital, Budapest.Iceland: (M Gottfredsson), Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik.Ireland: (F Mulcahy), St. James's Hospital, Dublin.Israel: (I Yust), D Turner, M Burke, Ichilov Hospital, Tel Aviv; E Shahar, G Hassoun, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa; H Elinav, M Haouzi, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem; D Elbirt, ZM Sthoeger, AIDS Center (Neve Or), Jerusalem.Italy: (A d'Arminio Monforte), Istituto Di Clinica Malattie Infettive e Tropicale, Milan; R Esposito, I Mazeu, C Mussini, Universit\u00e0 Modena, Modena; F Mazzotta, A Gabbuti, Ospedale S Maria Annunziata, Firenze; V Vullo, M Lichtner, University di Roma la Sapienza, Rome; M Zaccarelli, A Antinori, R Acinapura, M Plazzi, Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome; A Lazzarin, A Castagna, N Gianotti, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan; M Galli, A Ridolfo, Osp. L. Sacco, Milan.Latvia: , Infectology Centre of Latvia, Riga.Lithuania: (V Uzdaviniene) Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius; R Matulionyte, Center of Infectious Diseases, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius.Luxembourg: (T Staub), R Hemmer, Centre Hospitalier, Luxembourg.Netherlands: (P Reiss), Academisch Medisch Centrum bij de Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam.Norway: (V Ormaasen), A Maeland, J Bruun, Ullev\u00e5l Hospital, Oslo.Poland: (B Knysz), J Gasiorowski, M Inglot, Medical University, Wroclaw; A Horban, E Bakowska, Centrum Diagnostyki i Terapii AIDS, Warsaw; R Flisiak, A Grzeszczuk, Medical University, Bialystok; M Parczewski, K Maciejewska, B Aksak\u2010Was, Medical Univesity, Szczecin; M Beniowski, E Mularska, Osrodek Diagnostyki i Terapii AIDS, Chorzow; T Smiatacz, M Gensing, Medical University, Gdansk; E Jablonowska, E Malolepsza, K Wojcik, Wojewodzki Szpital Specjalistyczny, Lodz; I Mozer\u2010Lisewska, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan.Portugal: , Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon; K Mansinho, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisbon; F Maltez, Hospital Curry Cabral, Lisbon.Romania: (R Radoi), C Oprea, Spitalul de Boli Infectioase si Tropicale: Dr. Victor Babes, Bucarest.Russia: (A Panteleev), O Panteleev, St Petersburg AIDS Centre, St Peterburg; A Yakovlev, Medical Academy Botkin Hospital, St Petersburg; T Trofimora, Novgorod Centre for AIDS, Novgorod, I Khromova, Centre for HIV/AIDS & and Infectious Diseases, Kaliningrad; E Kuzovatova, Nizhny Novgorod Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Academician I.N. Blokhina, Nizhny Novogrod; E Borodulina, E Vdoushkina, Samara State Medical University, Samara.Serbia: (D Jevtovic), The Institute for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Belgrade.Slovenia: (J Tomazic), University Clinical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana.Spain: (JM Gatell), JM Mir\u00f3, Hospital Clinic Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona; S Moreno, JM Rodriguez, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid; B Clotet, A Jou, R Paredes, C Tural, J Puig, I Bravo, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona; P Domingo, M Gutierrez, G Mateo, M Sambeat, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona; JM Laporte, Hospital Universitario de Alava, Vitoria\u2010Gasteiz.Sweden: , A Thalme, A Sonnerborg, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; A Blaxhult, Venh\u00e4lsan\u2010Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm; L Flamholc, Malm\u00f6 University Hospital, Malm\u00f6.Switzerland: (A Scherrer), R Weber, University Hospital Zurich; M Cavassini, University Hospital Lausanne; A Calmy, University Hospital Geneva; H Furrer, University Hospital Bern; M Battegay, University Hospital Basel; P Schmid, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen.Ukraine: A Kuznetsova, Kharkov State Medical University, Kharkov; G Kyselyova, Crimean Republican AIDS centre, Simferopol; M Sluzhynska, Lviv Regional HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control CTR, Lviv.United Kingdom: (B Gazzard), St. Stephen's Clinic, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London; AM Johnson, E Simons, S Edwards, Mortimer Market Centre, London; A Phillips, MA Johnson, A Mocroft, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London ; C Orkin, Royal London Hospital, London; J Weber, G Scullard, Imperial College School of Medicine at St. Mary's, London; A Clarke, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton; C Leen, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh.The following centers have previously contributed data to EuroSIDA:Infectious Diseases Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.H\u00f4pital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France.H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00e9ti\u00e8re, Paris, France.Unit\u00e9 INSERM, Bordeaux, France.H\u00f4pital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France.Bernhard Nocht Institut f\u00fcr Tropenmedizin, Hamburg, Germany.1st I.K.A Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece.Ospedale Riuniti, Divisione Malattie Infettive, Bergamo, Italy.Ospedale di Bolzano, Divisione Malattie Infettive, Bolzano, Italy.Ospedale Cotugno, III Divisione Malattie Infettive, Napoli, Italy.D\u00e9rer Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia.Hospital Carlos III, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain.Kiev Centre for AIDS, Kiev, Ukraine.Luhansk State Medical University, Luhansk, Ukraine.Odessa Region AIDS Center, Odessa, Ukraine.Central coordination: L Morfeldt, G Thulin, A Sundstr\u00f6m.Participating physicians (city): B \u00c5kerlund (Huddinge); K Koppel, A Karlsson (Stockholm); L Flamholc, C H\u00e5kang\u00e5rd .A d'Arminio Monforte (President), A Antinori, A Castagna, F Castelli, R Cauda, G Di Perri, M Galli, R Iardino, G Ippolito, GC Marchetti, CF Perno, F von Schloesser, P VialeA d'Arminio Monforte, A Antinori, A Castagna, F Ceccherini\u2010Silberstein, A Cozzi\u2010Lepri, E Girardi, S Lo Caputo, C Mussini, M PuotiM Andreoni, A Ammassari, A Antinori, C Balotta, A Bandera, P Bonfanti, S Bonora, M Borderi, A Calcagno, L Calza, MR Capobianchi, A Castagna, F Ceccherini\u2010Silberstein, A Cingolani, P Cinque, A Cozzi\u2010Lepri, A d'Arminio Monforte, A De Luca, A Di Biagio, E Girardi, N Gianotti, A Gori, G Guaraldi, G Lapadula, M Lichtner, S Lo Caputo, G Madeddu, F Maggiolo, G Marchetti, S Marcotullio, L Monno, C Mussini, S Nozza, M Puoti, E Quiros Roldan, R Rossotti, S Rusconi, MM Santoro, A Saracino, M Zaccarelli.A Cozzi\u2010Lepri, I Fanti, L Galli, P Lorenzini, A Rodano, M Shanyinde, A TavelliF Carletti, S Carrara, A Di Caro, S Graziano, F Petrone, G Prota, S Quartu, S TruffaItaly A Giacometti, A Costantini, V Barocci (Ancona); G Angarano, L Monno, C Santoro (Bari); F Maggiolo, C Suardi (Bergamo); P Viale, V Donati, G Verucchi (Bologna); F Castelli, C Minardi, E Quiros Roldan (Brescia); T Quirino, C Abeli (Busto Arsizio); PE Manconi, P Piano (Cagliari); B Cacopardo, B Celesia (Catania); J Vecchiet, K Falasca (Chieti); A Pan, S Lorenzotti (Cremona); L Sighinolfi, D Segala (Ferrara); F Mazzotta, F Vichi (Firenze); G Cassola, C Viscoli, A Alessandrini, N Bobbio, G Mazzarello (Genova); C Mastroianni, V Belvisi (Latina); P Bonfanti, I Caramma (Lecco); A Chiodera, P Milini (Macerata); A d'Arminio Monforte, M Galli, A Lazzarin, G Rizzardini, M Puoti, A Castagna, G Marchetti, MC Moioli, R Piolini, AL Ridolfo, S Salpietro, C Tincati, (Milano); C Mussini, C Puzzolante (Modena); A Gori, G Lapadula (Monza); N Abrescia, A Chirianni, G Borgia, R Orlando, G Bonadies, F Di Martino, I Gentile, L Maddaloni (Napoli); AM Cattelan, S Marinello (Padova); A Cascio, C Colomba ; F Baldelli, E Schiaroli (Perugia); G Parruti, F Sozio (Pescara); G Magnani, MA Ursitti (Reggio Emilia); M Andreoni, A Antinori, R Cauda, A Cristaudo, V Vullo, R Acinapura, G Baldin, M Capozzi, S Cicalini, A Cingolani, L Fontanelli Sulekova, G Iaiani, A Latini, I Mastrorosa, MM Plazzi, S Savinelli, A Vergori (Roma); M Cecchetto, F Viviani (Rovigo); G Madeddu, P Bagella (Sassari); A De Luca, B Rossetti (Siena); A Franco, R Fontana Del Vecchio (Siracusa); D Francisci, C Di Giuli (Terni); P Caramello, G Di Perri, S Bonora, GC Orofino, M Sciandra (Torino); M Bassetti, A Londero (Udine); G Pellizzer, V Manfrin (Vicenza), G Starnini, A Ialungo (Viterbo).Central coordination: C Pradier*, E Fontas, K Dollet, C Caissotti.Participating physicians: P Dellamonica, E Bernard, J Courjon, E Cua, F De Salvador\u2010Guillouet, J Durant, C Etienne, S Ferrando, V Mondain\u2010Miton, A Naqvi, I Perbost, S Pillet, B Prouvost\u2010Keller, P Pugliese, V Rio, K Risso, PM Roger.http://www.shcs.ch/180-health-care-providers).The data are gathered by the Five Swiss University Hospitals, two Cantonal Hospitals, 15 affiliated hospitals and 36 private physicians , CA Fux, HF G\u00fcnthard (President of the SHCS), D Haerry (deputy of \u201cPositive Council\u201d), B Hasse, HH Hirsch, M Hoffmann, I H\u00f6sli, C Kahlert, L Kaiser, O Keiser, T Klimkait, RD Kouyos, H Kovari,B Ledergerber, G Martinetti, B Martinez de Tejada, C Marzolini, KJ Metzner, N M\u00fcller, D Nicca, G Pantaleo, P Paioni, A Rauch (Chairman of the Scientific Board), C Rudin (Chairman of the Mother & Child Substudy), AU Scherrer (Head of Data Centre), P Schmid, R Speck, M St\u00f6ckle, P Tarr, A Trkola, P Vernazza, G Wandeler, R Weber*, S Yerly.The D:A:D study was supported by a grant [grant number DNRF126] from the Danish National Research Foundation (CHIP & PERSIMUNE); the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Oversight Committee (HAARTOC), a collaborative committee with representation from academic institutions, the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products, the United States Food and Drug Administration, the patient community, and pharmaceutical companies with licensed anti\u2010HIV drugs in the European Union: AbbVie, Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences Inc., ViiV Healthcare, Merck & Co Inc. and Janssen Pharmaceuticals. Supported also by a grant from the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport through the Center for Infectious Disease Control of the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment to Stiching HIV Monitoring (ATHENA); by a grant from the Agence nationale de recherches sur le sida et les h\u00e9patites virales  to the Aquitaine Cohort; The Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD) is funded as part of the Asia Pacific HIV Observational Database, a program of The Foundation for AIDS Research, amfAR, and is supported in part by a grant from the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [grant number U01\u2010AI069907] and by unconditional grants from Merck Sharp & Dohme; Gilead Sciences; Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb; Boehringer Ingelheim; Janssen\u2010Cilag; ViiV Healthcare. The Kirby Institute is funded by The Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, and is affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales; by grants from the Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria [grant number FIS 99/0887] and Fundaci\u00f3n para la Investigaci\u00f3n y la Prevenci\u00f3n del SIDA en Espan\u00e3 [grant number FIPSE 3171/00], to the Barcelona Antiretroviral Surveillance Study (BASS); by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , to the Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA); by primary funding provided by the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under EuroCoord grant agreement n\u02da 260694 and unrestricted grants by Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb, Janssen R&D, Merck and Co. Inc., Pfizer Inc., GlaxoSmithKline LLC, ) to the EuroSIDA study; by unrestricted educational grants of AbbVie, Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Janssen Pharmaceuticals to the Italian Cohort Naive to Antiretrovirals (The ICONA Foundation); and financed within the framework of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant #148522) and by the SHCS research foundation."}
+{"text": "Available on\u2010line atwww.aapm.org/meetings/2015SCM/2015 AAPM Spring Clinical Meeting March 7 \u2013 10, 2015St. Louis, MOChairBrian Wang, PhDUniversity Louisville Louisville, KYVice ChairJessica B. Clements, MSKaiser Permanente Los Angeles, CATrack DirectorsTherapy TrackJean M. Moran, PhDUniversity Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor, MIKyle J. Antes, MSPresbyterian Healthcare System Dallas, TXProfessional TrackJessica B. Clements, MSKaiser Permanente Los Angeles, CAMichael Howard, PhDSarah Cannon Cancer Center Chattanooga, TNDiagnostic TrackDustin Gress, MSMD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TXJeffrey M. Moirano, MSUniversity of Washington Seattle, WAYoung Investigator ProgramJean M. Moran, PhDUniversity Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor, MIBrian Wang, PhDUniversity Louisville Louisville, KYDavid E. Hintenlang, PhDUniversity of Florida Gainesville, FLMammography TrackJessica B. Clements, MSKaiser Permanente Los Angeles, CADustin Gress, MSMD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX"}
+{"text": "Moran, PhDDept of Radiation Oncology B2C438Ann Arbor, MIDimitris Mihailidis, PhDRad Onc and Med Phys, Charleston Radiation Therapy ConsCharleston, WVPROFESSIONAL TRACKJessica B. Clements, MSMedical Physics, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital DallasDallas, TXMichael Howard, PhDSarah Cannon Cancer Center, Parkridge Medical CenterChattanooga, TNDIAGNOSTIC TRACKRobert A. Pooley, PhDRadiology, Mayo ClinicJacksonville, FLDustin Gress, MDMD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TXYOUNG INVESTIGATOR PROGRAMJessica B. Clements, MSMedical Physics, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital DallasDallas, TXBrian Wang, PhDUniversity LouisvilleLouisville, KYDavid E. Hintenlang, PhDUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FLMAMMOGRAPHY TRACKWilliam Geiser, MSImaging Physics, M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TXJean M. Moran, PhDDept of Radiation Oncology B2C438Ann Arbor, MI"}
+{"text": "Journal of Developmental Biology (JDB) would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (JDB, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for JDB in 2016:Alenius, MattiasGao, Wei-QiangNakagawa, YasushiAlvarez-Bolado, GonzaloGoetz, Sarah C.Nilsson, MikaelAndres, Anne-CatherineGordon, JulieNiu, JingwenArtinger, Kristin BrukGreenwold, Matthew J.Oberg, Kerby C.Barucca, MarcoGrieco, FrancescoPaps, JordiBateman, Joseph M.Guo, ShiweiPatek, Sheila N.Bayin, N. SumruHansen, David V.Pavlov, YouriBerendsen, Agnes D.Harwell, CoreyPick, LeslieBergmann, OlafHuang, SumingRubart, MichaelBijlsma, Maarten F.Iwata, JunichiRuiz-Rodr\u00edguez, MagdalenaBlaess, SandraKang, LeiSeo, WooseokBlanchemain, NicolasKappen, ClaudiaSharma, MeghaBoudreau, NancyKapus, Andr\u00e1sThomas-Chollier, MorganeBovolenta, PaolaKmita, MarieTorres S\u00e1nchez, MiguelB\u00fcrglin, Thomas R.Kooyman, David L.Tosato, GiovannaBuscaino, GiuseppaKoyama, EikiVan Berlo, JopCastellone, Maria DomenicaKrumlauf, RobbVukojevi\u0107, VladanaCharron, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ricLi, QiangWellik, Deneen M.Chaw, Ro CrystalLiu, AiminWestenskow, Peter D.Cheng, JiaLiu, Zhao-junWijnholds, JanCobourne, Martyn T.Loeken, Mary R.Wizenmann, AndreaCrow, Karen D.Logan, Malcolm P.O.Wollesen, TimCullen, PaulLohmann, IngridXu, PengfeiDitzel, MarkLohmann, IngridYang, YeDuman-Scheel, MollyLuu, Doan-trungYano, TohruEstella, CarlosMachon, OndrejYuan, XueFilmus, JorgeMagee, Anthony I.Zalc, BernardFunato, NorikoMartinez, SalvadorZhang, LeiThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Abstracthttp://www.waarnemingen.be, hosted by Stichting PageBreakNatuurinformatie and managed by the nature conservation NGO Natuurpunt. Together with the datasets Florabank1 , mainly since 2008. The occurrences are derived from the database orabank1  and the orabank1 , the dat Purpose: Plants have a long history of being recorded by both amateur and professional botanists. Volunteer data from amateur botanists were always an important source of distribution data of plants. The atlas of Flanders and the Brussels Capital region  areas. Old notebooks and reports were screened and stored in the database  species  recorded in Flanders and the Brussels Capital Region. This includes angiosperms (flowering plants), gymnosperms, ferns and allies, but not algae, mosses and lichens. If the observer remarked that the specific individual of this native plant was introduced by man, then this is recorded in the field establishmentMeans.PageBreakKingdom: PlantaeFamilies: Adoxaceae, Alismataceae, Amaranthaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Apiaceae, Apocynaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Araceae, Araliaceae, Asparagaceae, Aspleniaceae, Asteraceae, Athyriaceae, Balsaminaceae, Berberidaceae, Betulaceae, Blechnaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Butomaceae, Buxaceae, Campanulaceae, Cannabaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Celastraceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Cistaceae, Colchicaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cornaceae, Crassulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Cupressaceae, Cyperaceae, Cystopteridaceae, Dennstaedtiaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Droseraceae, Dryopteridaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Elatinaceae, Equisetaceae, Ericaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, Gentianaceae, Geraniaceae, Grossulariaceae, Haloragaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Hypericaceae, Iridaceae, Juncaceae, Juncaginaceae, Lamiaceae, Lentibulariaceae, Liliaceae, Linaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Lythraceae, Malvaceae, Marsileaceae, Melanthiaceae, Menyanthaceae, Molluginaceae, Montiaceae, Myricaceae, Nartheciaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Oleaceae, Onagraceae, Onocleaceae, Ophioglossaceae, Orchidaceae, Orobanchaceae, Osmundaceae, Oxalidaceae, Papaveraceae, Plantaginaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Poaceae, Polygalaceae, Polygonaceae, Polypodiaceae, Potamogetonaceae, Primulaceae, Ranunculaceae, Resedaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae, Ruppiaceae, Salicaceae, Santalaceae, Sapindaceae, Saxifragaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Taxaceae, Thelypteridaceae, Typhaceae, Ulmaceae, Urticaceae, Verbenaceae, Violaceae, ZosteraceaeThe number of records (observations) per plant species is shown in Fig. PageBreakGeneral spatial coverage: Flanders and the Brussels Capital Region , urban areas 30%) and woodland (10%) while the Brussels Capital Region mainly consists of urban areas (73%), woodland (12%) and other green areas (10%) . All occ0% and wors using .Coordinates: 50\u00b040'48\"N and 51\u00b030'36\"N Latitude; 2\u00b032'24\"E and 5\u00b055'12\"E Longitude.PageBreakWe show the number of plant observations and the number of plant species per IFBL grid cell Fig. . Figure Temporal coverage: June 30, 1855 - December 31, 2016www.waarnemingen.be in 2008  were recorded by volunteers (citizen scientists). The dataset also includes historical records and datasets imported in waarnemingen.be. The large majority of records (95%) is a casual observation (presence only record). 5% of observations were registered as part of a species checklist. This is also recorded in the field samplingProtocol. The frequency distribution of number of observers per number of records or species is shown in Fig. Quality control description: Recorded data are verified by a group of botanical experts , based on collected specimens, the observer\u2019s species knowledge, added photographs and known species list of locations. The validation procedure from www.waarnemingen.be consists of an interactive procedure in which observers can be asked for additional information by a team of validators, after which the validator manually adds a validation status. Manual validation focuses on rare species, species that are reported outside their known range and observations accompanied by pictures. Records that are not manually validated are additionally checked by an automated validation procedure that takes into account the number of manually validated observations of a species within a specified date and distance range. 12% of the plant records in this dataset are supported by photographs in www.waarnemingen.be. The validation status is indicated in the field identificationVerificationStatus, the link to the original record in references.www.waarnemingen.be. The data were standardized to Darwin Core using a SQL query. The included terms are:The Plant occurrences in Flanders and the Brussels Capital Region, is an export from PageBreakoccurrenceID, type, language, license rightsHolder, accessRights, references, datasetID, institutionCode, datasetName, basisOfRecord, informationWithheld, dataGeneralizations, individualCount, sex, reproductiveCondition, establishmentMeans, samplingProtocol, eventDate, continent, countryCode, stateProvince, municipality, verbatimCoordinates, verbatimCoordinateSystem, verbatimSRS, decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, geodeticDatum, coordinateUncertaintyInMeters, georeferenceRemarks, identificationVerificationStatus, taxonID, scientificName, kingdom, taxonRank, scientificNameAuthorship, vernacularName, nomenclaturalCode.Generalized and/or withheld information: location information is generalized to 4 \u00d7 4 km\u00b2 IFBL grid cells. Observer name, exact XY-coordinates, toponyms, and photographs are not included in the published dataset, but are stored in the source database. The dataset will be updated on GBIF on a regular basis (currently planned every two year).Object name: Waarnemingen.be - Plant occurrences in Flanders and the Brussels Capital Region, BelgiumFormat name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 1.0Character encoding: UTF-8Language: EnglishLicense: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/Usage norms: http://www.natuurpunt.be/normen-voor-datagebruikFirst publication date: 2016-12-23Distribution: http://dataset.inbo.be/planten-natuurpunt-occurrencesDOI: https://doi.org/10.15468/fyuklzwww.waarnemingen.be before 2008. Observations are currently mainly presence only records (95%). Presence is certain, absence of data can have multiple reasons: an IFBL grid cell was not visited, the species was not present/seen, the species was present but not registered in the database. For this reason, since the end of 2016, www.waarnemingen.be focusses more on lists and transect registration. During field work, the route can be tracked via the mobile app ObsMapp. At the end of the excursion, observers can indicate different types of lists, depending on whether: (1) the records are opportunistically collected presence only data (some records of some of the species encountered), (2) all individuals of selected species were registered, (3) all species were recorded or (4) all individuals of all species . This additional information allows to account for a better observation effort than currently is the case.Since 2010, the number of plant observations registered annually is larger than all the records available in PageBreakwww.waarnemingen.be is Urticadioica. This species was in Poaannua or Saginaprocumbens should be seen much more than striking species like Cardaminepratensis, Filipendulaulmaria and Anemonenemorosa. This might be explained by the observers\u2019 lack of interest in very common species (The most frequently and widespread observed plant in  species . Further species . Samplin species : 1 uneve"}
+{"text": "There was a mistake in the authorship. The name of Nima Parvaneh was unintentionally omitted. Dr. Parvaneh has contributed biological specimens and clinical and immunological data from patient P66 included in the manuscript, and as such he should be included in the authorship. The authors apologize for the mistake. This error does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.With the inclusion of Dr. Parvaneh\u2019s name in the authorship, the paragraph of Author Contributions should also be corrected as follows:JM, EM, AM, SP, and LN designed the study, interpreted the data, and wrote the manuscript; KD, GT, EC, OP, PM, SG, and DM performed experiments, acquired and analyzed the data; WA-H, CC, MC, JB, CB, DB, SB, TC, JC, VD-C, LOdB, MTdlM, GM, AF, RG, RKG, AH, SH, C-HH, MK, AlKi, BK, AnKl, TK, BL, VL, MiMa, IM, MeMo, BN, S-YP, NP, AP, SP, IR, JS, RS, TT, Y-JK, JW, AG, and SK contributed patient samples and clinical and immunological data; all authors have revised the work for its intellectual content, have approved its final version and have agreed to be accountable for all aspects related to the accuracy and integrity of the work.This correction does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.Author apologizes for these errors and thank you for your consideration.The original has been updated.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."}
+{"text": "Microb Biotechnol 10: 604\u2013611.You, X., Li, R., Wan, K., Liu, L., Xie, X., Zhao, L., In the original publication , the affiliations for two of the authors were incorrect. The affiliations should read as follows:Clinical laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421000, China\u201d\u201cXiaopeng Xie, AndClinical laboratory, Hengyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hengyang, 421001, China\u201d\u201cNing Wu, The authors sincerely apologize for the confusion caused by this error."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-07532-x, published online 10 August 2017Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Felice Contaldi, Federico Capuano, Andrea Fulgione, Riccardo Aiese Cigliano, Walter Sanseverino, Domenico Iannelli, Chiara Medaglia & Rosanna Capparelli which were incorrectly given as Contaldi Felice, Capuano Federico, Fulgione Andrea, Aiese Cigliano Riccardo, Sanseverino Walter, Iannelli Domenico, Medaglia Chiara & Capparelli Rosanna.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Material."}
+{"text": "Summary of Glaucoma Diagnostic Testing Accuracy: An Evidence-Based Meta-Analysis\u201d, by Saad Ahmed et al, published in Vol. 8, No. 9, 2016, p641-649, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jocmr2643w. The authors of this article would like to add an author, Omar Akhtar, who is entitled to authorship, the new author\u2019s list should read as follows.Corrections to article \u201ca, Zainab Khanb, Francie Sia, Alex Maoa, Irene Pana, Fatemeh Yazdic, Alexander Tsertsvadzec, Cindy Hutnika, David Moherc, David Tingeya, Graham E. Troped, Karim F. Damjie, Jean-Eric Tarridef, Ron Goereef, Omar Akhtarg, William Hodgea, g, hSaad AhmedaIvey Eye Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadabFaculty of Medicine, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON, CanadacOttawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadadDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaeDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CanadafProgram for the Assessment of Technology and Health (PATH), and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadagDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadahCorresponding Author: William Hodge, Ivey Eye Institute, University of Western Ontario, 268 Grosvenor St, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-00686-8, published online 27 June 2017Correction to: In the original version of this Article, affiliation 2 was inadvertently included. The correct affiliations are listed below:Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China.Hong-hong Zou, Ping-ping Yang, Tian-lun Huang & Gao-si XuDepartment of Medicine, the George Washington University, Washington, DC20052, USA.Xiao-xu ZhengThis error has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Antibiotics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016. The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Antibiotics, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Antibiotics in 2016:Akova, MuratFrenk, StevenMelman, ArtemAlix, Jean-Herv\u00e9Fucini, PaolaMelo-Cristino, Jos\u00e9Anne-Marie, Di GuilmiGillet, ReynaldMengin Lecreulx, DominiqueArenz, StefanGinn, AndrewMissiakas, DominiqueArthur, MichelGottesman, SusanMonte, AaronBabu, MohanGrinter, RhysMoynihan, PatrickBarton, Larry L.Grossman, Trudy H.Naber, KurtBasu, AmitHammerschmidt, SvenNair, Satish K.Bell, AnthonyHan, Sang-MiNicholas, Robert A.Boneca, Ivo GompertsHavrylyuk, DmytroNierhaus, KnudBrooks, Amanda E.Hayward, GailOldach, DavidBr\u00f6tz-Oesterhelt, HeikeHearn, Michael J.Pinho, EvaBryce, AshleyHelld\u00e9n, AndersPinho, Mariana GomesBuchanan, Susan K.Hensler, Mary E.Pon, Cynthia L.Burns, BrendanHerrick, JamesQi, YanfeiCelia, CooperHolmgren, ArneRomby, PascaleCeyssens, Pieter JanIacovides, HarrisRossolini, Gian MariaCheng, Wei-ChiehJaki, BirgitRudenko, NataliiaConstance, Jonathan E.Jeandet, PhilippeSanyal, SuparnaCoque, TeresaJeong, Seok HoonSapi, EvaCronan, John E.Kenny, RachelSperry, JonathanDa Silva, Gabriela JorgeKern, Winfried V.Staerk, KatharinaDavies, ChristopherKieffer, NicolasTommaso, GianiDen Blaauwen, TannekeKrasowski, Matthew D.Trautner, Barbara W.Dessen, Andr\u00e9aLa Teana, AnnaTuomanen, ElaineDevaraj, AishwaryaLaslop, Nora-VazquezVester, BirteDewulf, JeroenLee, Seok-YongVioque, AgustinDinman, JonathanLeung, PollyVollmer, WaldemarDolla, AlainL\u00f8bner-Olesen, AndersWall, Geoffrey C.Dubrovskaya, YaninaLondei, PaolaWeidemaier, ChristopherDuca, MariaLund, BodilWilson, Daniel N.Edwards, Adrianne N.Lutkenhaus, JoeWon, KimberlyFabbretti, AttilioMa, Dik-LungWormser, Gary P.Fern\u00e1ndez, Luc\u00edaMankin, AlexanderYonath, Ada E.Francis, NickMarzaro, GiovanniZitko, JanThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "AbstractPhlebotomine sand flies are dipteran insects of medical importance because many species are involved in the transmission of pathogens between human and non-human animals. A total of 530 American species of sand flies is presented in an updated checklist, along with their author(s) and year of publication using the classification by  Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) are medically important insects involved in the transmission of arboviruses, bacteria and protozoan parasites among human and non-human animals , seven sub-tribes , and 24 genera. However, no explicit method was used to group the sand flies, and his classification was not accepted among researchers of this group of insects.Phlebotominae was presented by Idiophlebotomini Artemiev, 1991 was synonymized with Hertigiini Abonnenc & L\u00e9ger, 1976, while the tribe Phlebotomini Rondani, 1840 was maintained. Six subtribes from Idiophlebotomina, Hertigiina, , Sergentomyiina, Australophlebotomina, and Brumptomyiina) and an additional subtribe was created . In addition, one subtribe previously considered synonymous was reinstated . Galati reclassified \"New World\" sand flies into 22 genera. Later, Edentomyia Galati, Andrade-Filho, Silva & Falc\u00e3o, 2003 was proposed as another Neotropical genus in the tribe Phlebotomini; however, this genus was not included in any subtribe ; (ii) Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (MZUSP); (iii) Cole\u00e7\u00e3o de Refer\u00eancia da Faculdade de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica (FSP\u2013USP); (iv) Cole\u00e7\u00e3o Entomol\u00f3gica do Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia em Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica (FSP\u2013USP\u2013LESP\u2013Phlebotominae); (v) Cole\u00e7\u00e3o da Se\u00e7\u00e3o de Parasitologia do Instituto Butantan (IBut); (vi) Cole\u00e7\u00e3o de Flebotom\u00edneos do Instituto Evandro Chagas (COLFlebIEC); (vii) Natural History Museum, London (NHM).The list contains information updated until December, 2016, and data was collated from our own work with sand fly taxonomy, literature surveys, and studies of sand flies deposited in different entomological collections: (i) Cole\u00e7\u00e3o de Flebotom\u00edneos (ICZN) .To be considered valid, and therefore included in this checklist, a species name has to meet the criteria of publication in Articles 8 and 9 of International Code of Zoological Nomenclature . Here, we report one nomem dubium for Nyssomyiasingularis and one species inquierenda for Bichromomyiainornata.There are seven \u201cinformal\u201d taxa that comprise unavailable names since they do not meet the requirements of the Despite the great amount of data on American sand flies and the increased interest in the study of these insects, there has been slow progress in the understanding of taxonomy and systematics of this subfamily. The checklist presented herein aims to give an updated account of which valid species have been recorded in the Neotropical and Neartic regions, as well as provide information on the geographical range of these species by country.PageBreakArthropoda von Siebold, 1848Phylum Hexapoda Latreille, 1825Subphylum Insecta Linnaeus, 1758Class Diptera Linnaeus, 1758Order Psychodomorpha Hennig, 1968Sub-order Psychodidae Newman, 1834Family Phlebotominae Rondani, 1840Subfamily Hertigiini Abonnenc & L\u00e9ger, 1976Tribe HERTIGIINA Abonnenc & L\u00e9ger, 1976Subtribe Hertigia Fairchild, 1949Genus Hertigiahertigi Fairchild, 1949Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama*.Warileya Hertig, 1948Genus Warileyaeuniceae Fern\u00e1ndez, Carbajal, Astete & Wooster, 1998Distribution. Peru*.Warileyafourgassiensis Le Pont & Desjeux, 1984Distribution. French Guiana*.Warileyaleponti Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 1999Distribution. Peru*.Warileyalumbrerasi Ogosuku, Perez, Davies & Villaseca, 1996Distribution. Peru*.Warileyanigrosaccula Fairchild & Hertig, 1951Distribution. Colombia, Panama*.Warileyaphlebotomanica Hertig, 1948Distribution. Ecuador, Peru*.Warileyarotundipennis Fairchild & Hertig, 1951Distribution. Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama*, Peru.Warileyayungasi Velasco & Trapido, 1974Distribution. Bolivia*.Phlebotomini Rondani, 1840Tribe Brumptomyiina Artemiev, 1991Subtribe Brumptomyia Fran\u00e7a and Parrot, 1921Genus Brumptomyiaangelae Galati, Santos & Silva, 2007Distribution. Brazil*.PageBreakBrumptomyiaavellari Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Venezuela.Brumptomyiabeaupertuyi Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela*.Brumptomyiabragai Mangabeira & Sherlock, 1961Distribution. Brazil*.Brumptomyiabrumpti Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*.Brumptomyiacardosoi Distribution. Brazil*.Brumptomyiacarvalheiroi Shimabukuro, Marass\u00e1 & Galati, 2007Distribution. Brazil*.Brumptomyiacunhai Distribution. Brazil*, Honduras.Brumptomyiadevenanzii Distribution. Venezuela*.Brumptomyiafigueireidoi Mangabeira & Sherlock, 1961Distribution. Brazil*.Brumptomyiagalindoi Distribution. Brazil, Panama*.Brumptomyiaguimaraesi Distribution. Argentina, Brazil*, Paraguay.Brumptomyiahamata Distribution. Belize, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama*, Peru.Brumptomyialeopoldoi Distribution. Belize, Colombia, Ecuador*, Panama.Brumptomyiamangabeirai Distribution. Brazil*.Brumptomyiamesai Sherlock, 1962Distribution. Belize, Colombia*, Honduras, Mexico.Brumptomyianitzulescui Distribution. Brazil*.Brumptomyiaorlandoi Fraiha, Shaw & Lainson, 1970Distribution. Brazil*.Brumptomyiaortizi Martins, Silva & Falc\u00e3o, 1971Distribution. Brazil*.Brumptomyiapentacantha Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.Brumptomyiapintoi Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*, French Guiana, Surinam, Venezuela.Brumptomyiaquimperi Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 1999Distribution. Peru*.PageBreakBrumptomyiaspinosipes Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*, Panama.Brumptomyiatravassosi Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana, Panama, Surinam.Brumptomyiatroglodytes Distribution. Brazil*, Peru.Brumptomyiavirgensi Mangabeira & Sherlock, 1961Distribution. Brazil*.Oligodontomyia Galati, 1995Genus Oligodontomyiaisopsi Distribution. Chile*.Oligodontomyiaoligodonta Distribution. Peru*.Oligodontomyiatoroensis Distribution. Bolivia*.Sergentomyiina Artemiev, 1991Subtribe Deanemyia Galati, 1995Genus Deanemyiaappendiculata Distribution. Brazil*.Deanemyiaderelicta Distribution. Brazil*.Deanemyiamaruaga Distribution. Brazil*.Deanemyiaramirezi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Note. The record for Bolivia is based on specimens collected in Aguas Calientes Department of Santa Cruz and donated by Fran\u00e7ois Le Pont to one of us (EABG).Deanemyiasamueli Distribution. Brazil*.Micropygomyia Barretto, 1962Genus Coquillettimyia) Galati, 1995Subgenus  californica Distribution. United States of America*.PageBreakMicropygomyia (Coquillettimyia) chiapanensis Distribution. Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico*, Nicaragua, Panama.Micropygomyia (Coquillettimyia) stewarti Distribution. Mexico, United States of America*.vexator Fairchild, 1955Series Micropygomyia (Coquillettimyia) apache Distribution. United States of America*.Micropygomyia (Coquillettimyia) oppidana Distribution. Canada, Mexico*, United States of America.Micropygomyia (Coquillettimyia) vexator Distribution. Canada, Mexico, United States of America*.Micropygomyia (Coquillettimyia) vindicator Distribution. Mexico*.Micropygomyia) Barretto, 1962Subgenus  absonodonta Distribution. Peru, Venezuela*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) ancashensis Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 2007Distribution. Peru*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) cayennensiscayennensis Distribution. Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana*, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) cayennensisbraci Distribution. Cayman Islands*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) cayennensiscruzi Distribution. Cuba*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) cayennensishispaniolae Distribution. Dominican Republic*, Haiti.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) cayennensisjamaicensis Distribution. Jamaica*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) cayennensismaciasi Distribution. Belize, Guatemala, Mexico*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) cayennensispuertoricensis Distribution. Puerto Rico*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) cayennensisviequesensis Distribution. Puerto Rico*, Virgin Islands.PageBreakMicropygomyia (Micropygomyia) ctenidophora Distribution. Mexico*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) cubensis Distribution. Cuba*, United States of America.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) duppyorum Distribution. Jamaica*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) durani Distribution. El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) lewisi Distribution. Venezuela*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) micropyga Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) schreiberi Distribution. Brazil*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) yencanensis Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela*.pilosa Theodor, 1965Series Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) chassigneti Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana*, Surinam.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) mangabeirana Distribution. Brazil*.Micropygomyia (Micropygomyia) pilosa Distribution. Brazil*, Colombia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Grenada, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Sauromyia) Artemiev, 1991Subgenus  atroclavata Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Guadeloupe, Martinica, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago*, Venezuela, Virgin Islands.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) venezuelensis Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela*.oswaldoi Barretto, 1962Series Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) capixaba Distribution. Brazil*.PageBreakMicropygomyia (Sauromyia) dereuri Distribution. Bolivia*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) dorafeliciangeli Andrade-Filho, Galati & Brazil, 2009\u2020Distribution. Dominican amber*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) ferreirana Distribution. Brazil*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) huacalquensis Distribution. Bolivia*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) longipennis Distribution. Brazil*, Peru.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) machupicchu Distribution. Peru*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) oswaldoi Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) paterna \u2020Distribution. Mexican amber*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) peresi Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*, French Guiana.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) petari Galati, Marass\u00e1 & Gon\u00e7alves-Andrade, 2003Distribution. Brazil*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) pratti Distribution. Mexico*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) pusilla Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) quechua Distribution. Peru*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) quinquefer Distribution. Argentina*, Bolivia, Brazil.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) rorotaensis Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana*, Peru, Surinam, Panama, Venezuela.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) saccai Distribution. Venezuela*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) trinidadensis Distribution. Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, Panama, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago*, Venezuela.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) villelai Distribution. Brazil*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) vonatzingeni Galati, 2007Distribution. Brazil*.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) zikani Distribution. Brazil*.PageBreakSilvamyia) Galati, 1995Subgenus (Micropygomyia (Silvamyia) acanthopharynx Distribution. Brazil*.Micropygomyia (Silvamyia) echinatopharynx Andrade-Filho, Galati, Andrade & Falc\u00e3o, 2004Distribution. Brazil*.Micropygomyiabrandaoi Andrade-Filho, Galati, Falc\u00e3o & Brazil, 2008\u2020Distribution. Dominican amber*.Micropygomyiaxerophila Distribution. United States of America*.Lutzomyiina Abonnenc and L\u00e9ger, 1976Subtribe Sciopemyia Barretto, 1962Genus Sciopemyiafluviatilis Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*.Sciopemyiamicrops Distribution. Brazil*.Sciopemyianematoducta Distribution. Brazil*, Colombia.Sciopemyiapennyi Distribution. Brazil*.Sciopemyiapreclara Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia*, Peru.Sciopemyiaservulolimai Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Peru.Sciopemyiasordellii Distribution. Argentina*, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Sciopemyiavattierae Distribution. Bolivia*, Colombia, Peru.Lutzomyia Fran\u00e7a, 1924Genus Castromyia) Mangabeira, 1942Subgenus (Lutzomyia (Castromyia) amarali Distribution. Brazil*.PageBreakLutzomyia (Castromyia) caligata Martins, Falc\u00e3o & Silva, 1965Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Castromyia) castroi Distribution. Brazil*.Helcocyrtomyia) Barretto, 1962Subgenus  caballeroi Blancas, C\u00e1ceres & Galati, 1989Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) castanea Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 1994Distribution. Ecuador, Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) ceferinoi Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) erwindonaldoi Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) herreri Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 2003Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) imperatrix Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) larensis Arredondo, 1987Distribution. Venezuela*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) munaypata Ogusuku, Chevarria, Porras & P\u00e9rez, 1999Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) osornoi Distribution. Bolivia, Colombia*, Ecuador, Peru.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) quillabamba Ogusuku, Chevarria, Porras & P\u00e9rez, 1999Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) rispaili Torrez-Espejo, C\u00e1ceres & Le Pont, 1995Distribution. Bolivia*, Peru.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) strictivilla Young, 1979Distribution. Colombia*, Ecuador, Venezuela.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) wattsi Fern\u00e1ndez, Carbajal, Astete & Wooster, 1998Distribution. Peru*.peruensis Barretto, 1962Series Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) ayacuchensis C\u00e1ceres & Galati, 1988Distribution. Ecuador, Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) blancasi Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 1990Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) chavinensis P\u00e9rez & Ogusuku, 1999Distribution. Peru*.PageBreakLutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) galatiae Le Pont, Mart\u00ednez, Torrez-Espejo & Dujardin, 1998Distribution. Bolivia*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) noguchii Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) pallidithorax Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 1994Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) peruensis Distribution. Bolivia, Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) pescei Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) tejadai Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 1990Distribution. Peru*.sanguinaria Barretto, 1962Series Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) adamsi Fern\u00e1ndez, Galati, Carbajal, Wooster & Watts, 1998Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) botella Distribution. Panama*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) caceresi Le Pont, Mat\u00edas, Mart\u00ednez & Dujardin, 2004Distribution. Bolivia*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) cirrita Young & Porter, 1974Distribution. Colombia*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) gonzaloi Ogusuku, Canales & P\u00e9rez, 1997Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) guderiani Torrez-Espejo, C\u00e1ceres & Le Pont, 1995Distribution. Bolivia*, Peru.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) hartmanni Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama*, Peru.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) kirigetiensis Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 1992Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) monzonensis Ogusuku, Canales & P\u00e9rez, 1997Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) sanguinaria Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama*, Peru.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) scorzai Distribution. Colombia*, Peru, Venezuela.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) tolimensis Carrasquilla, Munstermann, Mar\u00edn, Ocampo & Ferro, 2012Distribution. Colombia*.PageBreakLutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) tortura Young & Rogers, 1984Distribution. Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador*.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) velezi Bejarano, Vivero & Uribe, 2010Distribution. Colombia*.Lutzomyia) Fran\u00e7a, 1924Subgenus (Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) alencari Martins, Souza & Falc\u00e3o, 1962Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) almerioi Galati & Nunes, 1999Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) battistinii Distribution. Brazil, Peru*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) bicornuta Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) bifoliata Osorno-Mesa, Morales, Osorno & Hoyos, 1970Distribution. Colombia*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) cavernicola Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) cruzi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) dispar Martins & Silva, 1963Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) elizabethrangelae Vilela, Azevedo & Godoy, 2015Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) falquetoi Pinto & Santos, 2007Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) fonsecai Distribution. Bolivia*.Note. Placement in Lutzomyia based on the study by one of us (EABG) of specimens collected in several caves close to the type-locality of Lutzomyiafonsecai in the Chiquitano seasonally dry forest of Serrania Santiago .Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) forattinii Galati, Rego, Nunes & Teruya, 1985Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) gaminarai Distribution. Brazil, Uruguay*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) ischnacantha Martins, Souza & Falc\u00e3o, 1962Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) ischyracantha Martins, Falc\u00e3o & Silva, 1962Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) lichyi Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela*.PageBreakLutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) matiasi Le Pont & Mollinedo, 2009Distribution. Bolivia*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) pseudolongipalpis Arrivillaga & Feliciangeli, 2001Distribution. Venezuela*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) renei Distribution. Brazil*.Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) souzalopesi Martins, Silva & Falc\u00e3o, 1970Distribution. Brazil*.Tricholateralis) Galati, 1995Subgenus  araracuarensis Morales & Minter, 1981Distribution. Brazil, Colombia*.Lutzomyia  carvalhoi Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana.Lutzomyia  cruciata Distribution. Belize, Brazil, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala*, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, United States of America.Lutzomyia  cultellata Freitas & Albuquerque, 1996Distribution. Brazil*, Peru.Note. Placement is his subgenus was possible due to the study of specimens provided to us (EABG and PHFS) by Mr. Rui Freitas . We concluded it belongs to the subgenusTricholateralis because among other characters this species presents the ventro-cervical sensillae, setae in the abdominal pleura and lacks the ascoids with posterior spurs.Lutzomyia  diabolica Distribution. Mexico, United States of America*.Lutzomyia  evangelistai Martins & Fraiha, 1971Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Peru.Lutzomyia  falcata Young, Morales & Ferro, 1994Distribution. Brazil, Colombia*, Ecuador.Lutzomyia  flabellata Martins & Silva, 1964Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Lutzomyia  gomezi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela*.Lutzomyia  legerae Le Pont, Gantier, Hue & Valle, 1995Distribution. Nicaragua*.PageBreakLutzomyia  maesi Le Pont, Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez\u2013Bernal & Fuentes, 2011Distribution. Nicaragua*.Lutzomyia  marinkellei Young, 1979Distribution. Brazil*, Colombia.Lutzomyia  sherlocki Martins, Silva & Falc\u00e3o, 1971Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.Lutzomyia  spathotrichia Martins, Falc\u00e3o & Silva, 1963Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Ecuador, French Guiana.LutzomyiaincertaesedisLutzomyiachotensis Galati, C\u00e1ceres & Zorilla, 2003Distribution. Peru*.Lutzomyiaignacioi Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela*.Note.Psathryromyia as incertae sedis. However, S\u00e1bio, PB (pers. comm.) examined the type material deposited in the Entomological Collection - Smithsonian Institution / Walter Reeed Biosystematic Unit, Suitland, MD - USA) and observed the presence of the ventro-cervical sensillae and the papilla in F3, the setae in the anterior region of the katepisternum is absent, ascoids present reduced posterior spurs and spermathecae are ringed. These characters are synapomorphies shared by some species of Lutzomyia , but this species also lacks characters to placed it with confidence in any of these three subgenera.Lutzomyiainfusca Porter & Young, 1999Distribution. Guatemala*.Lutzomyiamanciola Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Bernal, 2001Distribution. Belize*.Note. The insertion of this species in Lutzomyia is provisional. There were no female characters to be observed that could lead to more accurate placement in any genus, nor was the male known. The inclusion of Lutzomyiamanciola in Sciopemyia was suggested by Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Bernal (2001). However, Lutzomyiamanciola do not present the head and labrum-epipharynx shorter than the sum of flagellomeres FI + FII, which are diagnostic characters for Sciopemyia.Lutzomyiaponsi Distribution. Venezuela*.Note. The description of this species does not provide sufficient information to place it in any genus; and the similarity of their spermathecae with those of Lutzomyiaignacioi led us to include it together with this species in the genus Lutzomyia.Lutzomyiatanyopsis Young & Perkins, 1984Distribution. United States of America*.Lutzomyiavargasi Distribution. Mexico*.PageBreakMigonemyia Galati, 1995Genus Blancasmyia) Galati, 1995Subgenus (Migonemyia (Blancasmyia) bursiformis Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana*, Venezuela.Migonemyia (Blancasmyia) cerqueirai Distribution. Brazil*, Colombia, Peru.Migonemyia (Blancasmyia) gorbitzi Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru*.Migonemyia (Blancasmyia) moucheti Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*, Peru.Migonemyia) Galati, 1995Subgenus (Migonemyia (Migonemyia) migonei Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay*, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Migonemyia (Migonemyia) rabelloi Distribution. Brazil*.Migonemyia (Migonemyia) vaniae Galati, Fonseca & Marass\u00e1, 2007Distribution. Brazil*.Pintomyia Costa Lima, 1932Genus Subgenus (Pifanomyia) Ortiz and Scorza, 1963evansi Galati, 1995Series Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) evansi Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, Venezuela*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) maranonensis Distribution. Ecuador, Peru*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) nevesi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) ovallesi Distribution. Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela*.monticola Artemiev, 1991Series Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) misionensis Distribution. Argentina*, Brazil, Paraguay.PageBreakPintomyia (Pifanomyia) monticola Distribution. Argentina, Brazil*, Paraguay, Peru.pacae Galati, 1995Series Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) gruta Distribution. Brazil*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) pacae Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*, Surinam.pia Galati, 1995Series Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) emberai Distribution. Colombia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) limafalcaoae Wolff & Galati, 2002Distribution. Colombia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) pia Distribution. Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama*, Peru, Venezuela.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) reclusa Distribution. Peru*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) suapiensis Distribution. Bolivia*, Peru.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) tihuiliensis Distribution. Bolivia*, Colombia, Peru.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) tocaniensis Distribution. Bolivia*, Peru.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) torrealbai Distribution. Venezuela*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) valderramai Distribution. Venezuela*.serrana Barretto, 1962Series Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) boliviana Distribution. Bolivia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) christophei Distribution. Dominican Republic*, Haiti.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) diazi Distribution. Cuba*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) guilvardae Distribution. Bolivia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) novoae Distribution. Cuba*.PageBreakPintomyia (Pifanomyia) odax Distribution. Brazil, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama*, Venezuela.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) oresbia Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) orestes Distribution. Brazil, Cayman Islands, Cuba*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) ottolinai Distribution. Venezuela*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) piedraferroi Distribution. Guatemala*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) robusta Distribution. Ecuador, Peru*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) serrana Distribution. Belize, Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Venezuela.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) torresi Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia*.townsendi Galati, 1995Series Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) amilcari Distribution. Venezuela*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) longiflocosa Distribution. Colombia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) nadiae Distribution. Venezuela*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) paleotownsendi Andrade-Filho, Falc\u00e3o, Galati & Brazil, 2006\u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) paloetrichia Andrade-Filho, Brazil, Falc\u00e3o & Galati, 2007\u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) quasitownsendi Distribution. Colombia*.PageBreakPintomyia (Pifanomyia) sauroida Distribution. Colombia*, Venezuela.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) spinicrassa Distribution. Colombia*, Venezuela.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) torvida Distribution. Colombia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) townsendi Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) youngi Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Venezuela*.verrucarum Fairchild, 1955Series Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) andina Distribution. Colombia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) antioquiensis Wolff & Galati, 2002Distribution. Colombia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) aulari Distribution. Venezuela*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) cajamarcensis Distribution. Peru*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) columbiana Distribution. Colombia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) deorsa Distribution. Peru*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) disjuncta Distribution. Colombia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) itza Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Bernal, May-UC & Rebollar-Tellez, 2010Distribution. Mexico*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) moralesi Distribution. Colombia*.Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) verrucarum Distribution. Peru*.Pintomyia) Costa Lima, 1932Subgenus (Pintomyia (Pintomyia) bianchigalatiae Distribution. Argentina, Brazil*.Pintomyia (Pintomyia) christenseni Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Panama*, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Pintomyia (Pintomyia) damascenoi Distribution. Brazil*, Colombia, French Guiana, Surinam.PageBreakPintomyia (Pintomyia) fischeri Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*, Paraguay, Peru, Venezuela.Pintomyia (Pintomyia) gibsoni Distribution. Venezuela*.Pintomyia (Pintomyia) kuscheli Distribution. Bolivia*, Brazil.Pintomyia (Pintomyia) mamedei Distribution. Brazil*.Pintomyia (Pintomyia) pessoai Distribution. Argentina, Brazil*, Paraguay.PintomyiaincertaesedisPintomyiaadiketis Poinar, 2008\u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*.Pintomyiabolontikui Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Bernal, Kraemer, Stebner & Wagner, 2013\u2020 Distribution. Mexican amber*.Pintomyiabrazilorum Andrade-Filho, Galati & Falc\u00e3o, 2006\u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*Pintomyiadiamantinensis Distribution. Brazil*.Pintomyiadissimilis Andrade-Filho, Serra e Meira, Sanguinette & Brazil, 2009\u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*Pintomyiadominicana Andrade-Filho, Galati & Brazil, 2009\u2020Distribution. Dominican amber*Pintomyiafalcaorum Brazil & Andrade-Filho, 2002\u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*Pintomyiafilipalpis \u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*Pintomyiakillickorum Andrade-Filho & Brazil, 2004\u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*Pintomyiamaracayensis Distribution. Venezuela*.Pintomyiamiocena \u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*Pintomyianaiffi Distribution. Brazil*.Pintomyianuneztovari Distribution. Venezuela*.Pintomyiapaleopestis \u2020 Distribution. Dominican Republic*.Pintomyiarangeliana Distribution. Colombia, Panama,Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela*.PageBreakPintomyiasuccini \u2020 Distribution. Dominican amber*Dampfomyia Addis, 1945Genus Coromyia) Barretto, 1962Subgenus (Dampfomyia (Coromyia) aquilonia Distribution. Canada, United States of America*.Dampfomyia (Coromyia) beltrani Distribution. Honduras, Mexico*.Dampfomyia (Coromyia) deleoni Distribution. Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala*, Honduras, Mexico.Dampfomyia (Coromyia) disneyi Distribution. Belize*, Guatemala, Mexico.Dampfomyia (Coromyia) isovespertilionis Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama*.Dampfomyia (Coromyia) steatopyga Distribution. Mexico*.Dampfomyia (Coromyia) vesicifera Distribution. Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama*.Dampfomyia (Coromyia) vespertilionis Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Panama*.Dampfomyia (Coromyia) viriosa Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama*.Dampfomyia (Coromyia) zeledoni Distribution. Costa Rica*, Honduras, Nicaragua.Dampfomyia) Addis, 1945Subgenus (Dampfomyia (Dampfomyia) anthophora Distribution. Mexico, Nicaragua, United States of America*.Dampfomyia (Dampfomyia) atulapai Distribution. El Salvador, Guatemala*, Mexico.Dampfomyia (Dampfomyia) dodgei Distribution. El Salvador, Mexico*.Dampfomyia (Dampfomyia) insolita Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama*.Dampfomyia (Dampfomyia) leohidalgoi Distribution. Mexico*.Dampfomyia (Dampfomyia) permira Distribution. Belize, Guatemala, Mexico*.PageBreakDampfomyia (Dampfomyia) rosabali Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama*.delpozoi Young & Fairchild, 1974Group Dampfomyiadelpozoi Distribution. Belize, Guatemala, Mexico*.Dampfomyiainusitata Distribution. Mexico*.Note. The Dampfomyiadelpozoi group shows characters of both the subgenusCoromyia and Dampfomyias.str. and are therefore listed separately.DampfomyiaincertaesedisDampfomyiacaminoi Distribution. Mexico*.Expapillata Galati, 1995Genus Expapillatacerradincola Distribution. Brazil*.Expapillatafirmatoi Distribution. Argentina, Brazil*.Pressatia Mangabeira, 1942Genus Pressatiacalcarata Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Peru, Venezuela.Pressatiacamposi Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador*, Nicaragua, Panama.Pressatiachoti Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana*, Peru, Surinam.Pressatiaduncanae Distribution. Bolivia*, Colombia, Peru.Note. The record of this species for Peru is from the illustrations published by Lutzomyia sp. D) and Young & Morales 1987: 662 (Lutzomyia sp. 1).Pressatiadysponeta Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama*, Venezuela.Pressatiaequatorialis Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana.Pressatiatriacantha Distribution. Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela.PageBreakPressatiatrispinosa Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana, Peru.Trichopygomyia Barretto, 1962Genus Trichopygomyiaconviti Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela*.Trichopygomyiadasypodogeton Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Trichopygomyiadepaquiti Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*.Trichopygomyiaelegans Distribution. Brazil, Peru*.Trichopygomyiaferroae Distribution. Colombia*.Trichopygomyiagantieri Distribution. Bolivia*.Trichopygomyialongispina Distribution. Brazil*, Colombia, French Guiana, Venezuela.Trichopygomyiamartinezi Distribution. Colombia*.Trichopygomyiapinna Distribution. Brazil, Venezuela*.Trichopygomyiaratcliffei Distribution. Brazil*.Trichopygomyiarondoniensis Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Trichopygomyiatrichopyga Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*, Surinam.Trichopygomyiatriramula Distribution. Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama*.Trichopygomyiaturelli Distribution. Peru*.Trichopygomyiawagleyi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Venezuela.Trichopygomyiawitoto Distribution. Colombia*, Ecuador.Evandromyia Mangabeira, 1941Genus Aldamyia) Galati, 1995Subgenus (PageBreakEvandromyia (Aldamyia) aldafalcaoae Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) andersoni Distribution. Bolivia*, Brazil.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) apurinan Shimabukuro, Figueira & Silva, 2013Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) bacula Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) carmelinoi Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) dubitans Distribution. Brazil, Colombia*, Costa Rica, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) evandroi Distribution. Argentina, Brazil*.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) hashiguchii Le\u00f3n, Teran, Neira & Le Pont, 2009Distribution. Ecuador*.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) lenti Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Surinam.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) orcyi Oliveira, Sanguinette, Almeida & Andrade-Filho, 2015Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) sericea Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana*, Surinam, Venezuela.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) termitophila Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) walkeri Distribution. Bolivia*, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Note. The type locality of Evandromyiawalkeri is along the Abu\u00f1a river, which forms part of the border between Bolivia and Brazil, however it is not clear in which of the countries the exact type locality is located.Evandromyia (Aldamyia) williamsi Distribution. Brazil*, Peru, Venezuela.Barrettomyia) Martins and Silva, 1968Subgenus  cortelezzii Distribution. Argentina*, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay.Evandromyia (Barrettomyia) corumbaensis Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Evandromyia (Barrettomyia) sallesi Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru.PageBreakEvandromyia (Barrettomyia) spelunca Carvalho, Brazil, Sanguinette & Andrade-Filho, 2011Distribution. Brazil*.monstruosa Lewis, Young & Minter, 1977Series Evandromyia (Barrettomyia) monstruosa Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana*, Surinam, Venezuela.Evandromyia (Barrettomyia) teratodes Distribution. Brazil*, Paraguay.tupynambai Martins & Silva, 1968Series Evandromyia (Barrettomyia) bahiensis Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Barrettomyia) callipyga Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Barrettomyia) costalimai Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Barrettomyia) petropolitana Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Barrettomyia) tupynambai Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia) Mangabeira, 1941Subgenus  begonae Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela*.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) bourrouli Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) brachyphalla Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) georgii Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) infraspinosa Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) inpai Distribution. Brazil*, Venezuela.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) ledezmaae Le\u00f3n, Teran, Neira & Le Pont, 2009Distribution. Ecuador*.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) pinottii Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana, Venezuela.PageBreakEvandromyia (Evandromyia) sipani Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Peru*.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) tarapacaensis Distribution. Bolivia*, Brazil.rupicola Young & Fairchild, 1974Series Evandromyia (Evandromyia) correalimai Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) gaucha Andrade-Filho, Souza & Falc\u00e3o, 2007Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) grimaldii Andrade-Filho, Pinto, Santos & Carvalho, 2009Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) rupicola Distribution. Brazil*.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) tylophalla Andrade & Galati, 2012Distribution. Brazil*.saulensis Lewis, Young & Minter, 1977Series Evandromyia (Evandromyia) saulensis Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana*, Panama, Peru, Venezuela.Evandromyia (Evandromyia) wilsoni Distribution. Brazil*.EvandromyiaincertaesedisEvandromyiaedwardsi Distribution. Brazil*.Psychodopygina Galati, 1995Subtribe Psathyromyia Barretto, 1962Genus Forattiniella) Vargas, 1978Subgenus (Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) abunaensis Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) antezanai Distribution. Bolivia*.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) aragaoi PageBreakDistribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) barrettoibarrettoi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) barrettoimajuscula Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama*.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) brasiliensis Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana, Peru.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) campograndensis Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) carpenteri Distribution. Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Panama*.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) castilloi Distribution. Bolivia, Ecuador*, French Guiana.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) coutinhoi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Peru.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) elizabethdorvalae Brilhante, S\u00e1bio & Galati, 2016Distribution. Brazil*.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) inflata Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, French Guiana*.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) lutziana Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) naftalekatzi Distribution. Brazil*.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) pascalei Distribution. Brazil*.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) pradobarrientosi Distribution. Bolivia*, Brazil.Note. This species has been collected in Brazil in Amap\u00e1 (PHFS) and in Distrito Federal (AJA).Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) runoides Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama*, Peru.Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) schleei \u2020Distribution. Dominican amber*Psathyromyia (Forattiniella) texana Distribution. Mexico*, United States of America.Psathyromyia) Barretto, 1962Subgenus  digitata Distribution. Brazil*.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) lanei Distribution. Argentina, Brazil*, Paraguay.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) pelloni Distribution. Brazil*.shannoni Fairchild, 1955Series Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) abonnenci Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana*, Panama, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) baratai S\u00e1bio, Andrade & Galati, 2015Distribution. Brazil*.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) barretti Alves & Freitas, 2016Distribution. Brazil*.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) bigeniculata Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) campbelli Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) cratifer Distribution. Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico*, Panama.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) dasymera Distribution. Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama*, Venezuela.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) dendrophyla Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) guatemalensis Distribution. Guatemala*.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) lerayi Distribution. Bolivia*, Colombia.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) limai Distribution. Brazil*.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) pifanoi Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Peru*.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) punctigeniculata Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana*, Panama, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) ribeirensis S\u00e1bio, Andrade & Galati, 2014Distribution. Brazil*.PageBreakPsathyromyia (Psathyromyia) scaffi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) shannoni Distribution. Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama*, Peru, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago, United States of America, Venezuela.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) soccula Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama*.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) souzacastroi Distribution. Brazil*.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) undulata Distribution. Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana*, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama.Psathyromyia (Psathyromyia) volcanensis Distribution. Bolivia, Costa Rica, Panama*.Xiphopsathyromyia) Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Bernal & Marina, 2015Subgenus (Psathyromyia (Xiphopsathyromyia) aclydifera Distribution. Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama*.Psathyromyia (Xiphopsathyromyia) dreisbachi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Psathyromyia (Xiphopsathyromyia) hermanlenti Distribution. Brazil*.Psathyromyia (Xiphopsathyromyia) ruparupa Distribution. Bolivia, Peru*.PsathyromyiaincertaesedisPsathyromyiamaya Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Bernal, May-UC & Rebollar-Tellez, 2010Distribution. Mexico*.Viannamyia Mangabeira, 1941Genus Viannamyiacaprina Distribution. Colombia*, Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, Peru, Nicaragua.Viannamyiafariasi Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana.Viannamyiafurcata PageBreakDistribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela.Viannamyiatuberculata Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Martinsmyia Galati, 1995Genus alphabetica Fairchild, 1955Group Martinsmyiaalphabetica Distribution. Argentina, Brazil*, Paraguay.Martinsmyiabrisolai Distribution. Bolivia*, Brazil.Martinsmyiaminasensis Distribution. Brazil*.Martinsmyiamollinedoi Distribution. Bolivia*.Martinsmyiaoliveirai Distribution. Brazil*.Martinsmyiapisuquia Distribution. Peru*.Martinsmyiaquadrispinosa Distribution. French Guiana*.Martinsmyiareginae Carvalho, Brazil, Sanguinette & Andrade-Filho, 2010Distribution. Brazil*.Martinsmyiawaltoni Distribution. Brazil*.gasparviannai Young & Fairchild, 1974Group Martinsmyiacipoensis Distribution. Brazil*.Martinsmyiagasparviannai Distribution. Brazil*.Bichromomyia Artemiev, 1991Genus Bichromomyiaflaviscutellata Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Bichromomyiainornata Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.PageBreakNote. Several authors  plus three males from Maranh\u00e3o  that were identified as Bichromomyiainornata by the authors of the species, and all specimens have pale rather than dark scutellum, making this species indistinguishable from Bichromomyiaflaviscutellata. authors  have menBichromomyiaolmecabicolor Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama*, Peru, Venezuela.Bichromomyiaolmecanociva Distribution. Brazil*, Peru.Bichromomyiaolmecaolmeca Distribution. Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico*, Nicaragua.Bichromomyiareducta Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela*.Psychodopygus Mangabeira, 1941Genus arthuri Barretto, 1962Series Psychodopygusarthuri Distribution. Brazil*.Psychodopyguslloydi Distribution. Brazil*.Psychodopygusmatosi Distribution. Brazil*.chagasi Barretto, 1962Series Psychodopygusbernalei Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia*, Venezuela.Psychodopyguschagasi Distribution. Brazil*, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela.Psychodopyguscomplexus Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*.Psychodopygusdouradoi Distribution. Brazil*.Psychodopygusfairtigi Distribution. Colombia*.Psychodopyguskillicki Distribution. Venezuela*.Psychodopygusleonidasdeanei Fraiha, Ryan, Ward, Lainson & Shaw, 1986PageBreakDistribution. Brazil*.Psychodopygussquamiventrismaripaensis Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*, Surinam.Psychodopygussquamiventrissquamiventris Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela.Psychodopyguswellcomei Fraiha, Shaw & Lainson, 1971Distribution. Brazil*, Venezuela.davisi Barretto, 1962Series Psychodopygusamazonensis Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru*, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Psychodopygusclaustrei Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana*, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Psychodopygusdavisi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Psychodopygusparimaensis Distribution. Venezuela*.guyanensis Barretto, 1962Series Psychodopyguscorossoniensis Distribution. Brazil, Costa Rica, French Guiana*, Mexico, Panama, Surinam.Psychodopygusdorlinsis Distribution. French Guiana*.Psychodopygusfrancoisleponti Zapata, Depaquit & Le\u00f3n, 2012Distribution. Ecuador*.Psychodopygusgeniculatus Distribution. Belize, Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Panama, Peru, Nicaragua, Venezuela.Psychodopygusguyanensis Distribution. Belize, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana*, Peru, Surinam.Psychodopyguslainsoni Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Peru.Psychodopygusluisleoni Le\u00f3n, Mollinedo & Le Pont, 2009Distribution. Ecuador*.panamensis Young & Fairchild, 1974Series Psychodopygusayrozai Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.PageBreakPsychodopyguscarrerai Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia*, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela.Psychodopygusfairchildi Distribution. Brazil*.Psychodopygushirsutus Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam.Psychodopygushirsutus Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam.Psychodopygusjoliveti Le Pont, Le\u00f3n, Galati & Dujardin, 2009PageBreakDistribution. French Guiana*.Psychodopygusllanosmartinsi Fraiha & Ward, 1980Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Peru*.Psychodopygusnicaraguensis Distribution. Brazil, Panama, Nicaragua*.Psychodopygusnocticolus Distribution. Bolivia, Colombia*, Ecuador, French Guiana, Mexico, Panama, Peru.Psychodopyguspanamensis Distribution. Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama*, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Psychodopygusparaensis Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Psychodopygusrecurvus Distribution. Colombia*, Panama.Psychodopygusthula Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Panama*.Psychodopygusyasuniensis Le\u00f3n, Neira & Le Pont, 2009Distribution. Ecuador*.Psychodopygusyucumensis Distribution. Bolivia*, Brazil, Peru.PsychodopygusincertaesedisPsychodopygusbispinosus Distribution. Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama*, Surinam.Nyssomyia Barretto, 1962Genus Nyssomyiaanduzei Distribution. Brazil, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, Venezuela*.Nyssomyiaantunesi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.Nyssomyiabibinae Distribution. French Guiana*.Nyssomyiadelsionatali Galati & Galvis, 2012Distribution. Brazil*.Nyssomyiaedentula Distribution. Costa Rica, Guatemala*, Honduras, Panama.PageBreakNyssomyiaelongata Distribution. French Guiana*.Nyssomyiafraihai Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Peru.Nyssomyiahernandezi Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela*.Nyssomyiaintermedia Distribution. Brazil*.Nyssomyianeivai Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*, Paraguay.Nyssomyiapajoti Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana*, Peru, Surinam.Nyssomyiarichardwardi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.Nyssomyiashawi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Peru.Nyssomyiasylvicola Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*.Nyssomyiatrapidoi Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Hounduras, Nicaragua, Panama*.Nyssomyiaumbratilis Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Nyssomyiaurbinatti Galati & Galvis, 2012Distribution. Brazil*.Nyssomyiawhitmani Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil*, French Guiana, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam.Nyssomyiaylephiletor Distribution. Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama*.Nyssomyiayuilli Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia*, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela.Trichophoromyia Barretto, 1962Genus Trichophoromyiaacostai Distribution. Peru*.Trichophoromyiaadelsonsouzai Santos, Silva, Barata, Andrade & Galati, 2013Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiaarevaloi Galati & C\u00e1ceres, 1999Distribution. Peru*.Trichophoromyiaauraensis Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.PageBreakTrichophoromyiabeniensis Distribution. Bolivia*.Trichophoromyiabettinii Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela*.Trichophoromyiabrachipyga Distribution. Brazil*, French Guiana.Trichophoromyiacastanheirai Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiacellulana Distribution. Colombia*, Ecuador.Trichophoromyiaclitella Distribution. Brazil, Peru*.Trichophoromyiadunhami Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiaeurypyga Distribution. Brazil*, Venezuela.Trichophoromyiaflochi Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*.Trichophoromyiagibba Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiahowardi Distribution. Brazil, Colombia*, Peru.Trichophoromyiaincasica Distribution. Peru*.Trichophoromyiaininii Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*, Surinam.Trichophoromyialopesi Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyialoretonensis Distribution. Brazil, Peru*.Trichophoromyiameirai Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiamelloi Distribution. Brazil*, Surinam.Trichophoromyianapoensis Distribution. Ecuador*.Trichophoromyianautaensis Distribution. Peru*.Trichophoromyianemorosa Distribution. Peru*.Trichophoromyiaoctavioi Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Peru.Trichophoromyiaomagua PageBreakDistribution. Peru*.Trichophoromyiapabloi Distribution. Colombia*, Ecuador.Trichophoromyiapastazaensis Distribution. Peru*.Trichophoromyiareadyi Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiareburra Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama*.Trichophoromyiareinerti Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiarostrans Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiaruifreitasi Oliveira, Teles, Medeiros, Camargo & Pessoa, 2015Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiaruii Distribution. Brazil*, Colombia.Trichophoromyiasaltuosa Distribution. Colombia*.Trichophoromyiasinuosa Distribution. Peru*.Trichophoromyiaubiquitalis Distribution. Bolivia, Brazil*, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.Trichophoromyiauniniensis Ladeia-Andrade, F\u00e9, Sanguinette & Andrade-Filho, 2014Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiavelascoi Distribution. Bolivia*.Trichophoromyiaviannamartinsi Distribution. Brazil*.Trichophoromyiawilkersoni Distribution. Ecuador*.Edentomyia Galati, Andrade-Filho, Silva & Falc\u00e3o, 2003Genus Edentomyiapiauiensis Galati, Andrade-Filho, Silva & Falc\u00e3o, 2003Distribution. Brazil*.Nomina dubia in New World PhlebotominaePageBreakNyssomyiasingularis Distribution. Brazil*.Note. This species is only known from the type specimen mounted in Canada Balsam medium. The specimen \u201ccotype\u201d is deposited in the Cole\u00e7\u00e3o Entomol\u00f3gica do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ/CEIOC) (number of the slides: 1436\u20131439). The specimen was collected in 08-VIII-1902 by Adolpho Lutz in Juqueri  state of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil. One of us (AJA) studied the type and observed that the thorax is damaged, but it is possible to observe the colour of the paratergite and scutum, which is similar to species in the genus Nyssomyia. The spermathecae was dissected, but was not observed in any of the slides, so it is likely the spermathecae has oxized over time. The original description is insufficient for a positive identification, however the spermathecae as illustrated show the same number of rings as Nyssomyianeivai In the absence of evidence positively linking the two species, however, we prefer to consider Nyssomyiasingularis as a nomen dubium.Phlebotomusbreviductus Barretto, 1950Note. Only known from the holotype and five females collected by Trichopygomyia sp. specimen, whereas the thorax and abdomen belong to an anomalous specimen of Nyssomyiaumbratilis.Phlebotomusoliverioi Barretto & Coutinho, 1941Note.Psychodopygus while the wings, thorax and abdomen belong to another specimen, of the genus Psathyromyia.Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) sp. 2 of Araracuara Distribution. Colombia*.Note. Unavailable according to article 11.4 of the ICZN. This species has been described from both males and females, but the authors decided not to name it.Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) sp. of Pichinde Young, 1979Distribution. Colombia*.Note. Unavailable according to article 11.4 of the ICZN. This species has been described from both males and females. Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) hartmanni and Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia)PageBreakscorzai, but noted that further studies were necessary before formally naming this species.Pintomyia sp. of Anchicaya Distribution. Colombia*.Note. Unavailable according to article 11.4 of the ICZN. This species has been described form a single male, but Dampfomyia sp. of Suchitepequez Distribution. Guatemala*.Note. This species appears as an illustration in Lutzomyiapiedraferroi. However, Dampfomyia sp. of Suchitepequez, and it awaits formal description.Pressatia #1 Mangabeira, 1942Distribution. Bolivia*, Colombia.Note. Unavailable according to article 11.4 of the ICZN. This species is listed by Evandromyia (Aldamyia) sp. of Baduel Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana*, Surinam.Note. Unavailable according to article 11.4 of the ICZN. This species has been described from both males and females. Although this species has been recorded in different publications, no attempt has been made so far to formally describe it.Psychodopygus sp. of Tr\u00e9s Esquinas Distribution. Colombia*.Note. Unavailable according to article 11.4 of the ICZN. This species has been described only from females. Because females of the series guyanensis are indistinguishable in morphology, it is not possible to know if this species has been previously described from a male.Trichophoromyia sp. 1 of Araracuara Distribution. Colombia*.Note. Unavailable according to article 11.4 of the ICZN. This species has been described from both males and females. However, the authors were not sure if it was a variant of Trichophoromyiahowardi Young, 1979, and hence decided not to name it."}
+{"text": "Zinaida were assigned to the genus Polytremis, until molecular evidence revealed that the former is a distinct genus. Nine species in Polytremis sensu Evans have since been removed and assigned to Zinaida; however, there is still uncertainty as to the taxonomic status of an additional seven Polytremis species. Moreover, the interspecific relationships within Zinaida have remained unresolved. To further investigate the taxonomic statuses and interspecific relationships within Zinaida, a molecular phylogeny of most species of Zinaida and its allies was inferred based on regions of the mitochondrial COI-COII and 16S and nuclear EF-1\u03b1 genes (3006 bp). The results revealed that Zinaida is monophyletic and consists of four intra-generic clades that correspond to morphological characteristics. Clade A (Z. suprema group) consists of P. kiraizana, Z. suprema, and P. gigantea, with the latter two as sister species. Clade B (Z. nascens group) consists of seven species, and is the sister group of Clade C (Z. pellucida group), which comprises sister species Z. pellucida and Z. zina. In Clade B, Z. caerulescens and Z. gotama, and Z. theca and Z. fukia are sister species, respectively. On the basis of our molecular evidence and morphological features, we have moved P. gigantea, P. kiraizana, P. jigongi, and P. micropunctata to the genus Zinaida as new combinations. We review morphological characteristics and discuss the distribution of each of these groups in the light of our phylogenetic hypothesis, and provide a comprehensive taxonomic checklist.Traditionally, species of the genus  Polytremis sensu Evans (1949), has attracted researchers\u2019 attention . Clade C consists of Z. pellucida and Z. zina, and is strongly supported in our analyses. The remaining eight species were included in Clade B, and relationships between some of these species were well resolved; for example, Z. gotama is sister to Z. caerulescens, and Z. jigongi is sister to Z. nascens.Clade A consists of Zinaida and its allies revealed four distinct clades that are consistent with their external features, although the relationships between the four groups were not entirely clarified.The phylogenetic framework including nearly all the species of the genus Z. suprema group  is strongly supported. These species share the following synapomorphies: (1) aedeagus with suprazonal sheath bifurcated into serrated symmetrical processes (processes asymmetric in Z. matsuii), and (2) cornuti absent  forewing with two cell spots, lower one wedge-shaped, pointing toward wing base , further study is necessary to confirm its association with this clade.In this study, the monophyly of the i absent . Z. supreristics . This sping base : 1\u20134; , the Z. nascens group, within which P. jigongi is also nested. This analysis also revealed that P. caerulescens and Z. gotama are sister species, and placed P. jigongi as a sister to Z. nascens. Accepting the conclusion of Jiang et al.  [[1: 144.] Polytremis fukia: Jiang (ed), 2016 [d), 2016 .Zinaida theca fukia: Fan et al., 2016 [Specimens examined: 1\u2642 (He009), Nanling, Guangdong. 2003-VII-13, Min Wang; 5\u26421\u2640, Maoershan, GuangXi, 2003-VII-01, leg. MinWang and Guohua Huang.Distribution: Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, Jiangxi; Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan.b. Zinaida fukia macrotheca  comb. nov.Polytremis theca macrotheca Huang, 2003: 40 [2003: 40  (Type loDistribution: Yunnan (Nujiang).8. Zinaida gotama Polytremis gotama Sugiyama, 1999: 12\u201314 [9: 12\u201314  , Luguhu, Yunnan, 2003-VIII-13, leg. Xiaoling Fan and Min Wang; 4\u2642, 3\u2640, same data as the former.Specimens examined: 1\u2642  comb. nov.Polytremis jigongi Zhu, 2012 [hu, 2012   comb. nov.Polytremis micropunctata Huang, 2003: 41\u201342 [3: 41\u201342  Pamphila mencia Moore, 1877: 52 [1877: 52  , Lushan, Jiangxi, 2007-VII-24, leg. Xiaoling Fan and Min Wang; 1\u2642, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, 1982-V.Distribution: Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan.12. Zinaida caerulescens Pamphila caerulescens Mabille, 1876: 1v [1876: 1v  , Baoxing County, Sichuan, 2003-VII-30, leg. Xiaoling Fan and Min Wang; 1\u2642, same data as the former.Distribution: Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Xizang.Z. pellucida group13. Zinaida pellucida a. Zinaida pellucida pellucida Pamphila pellucida Murray, 1874: 172 [874: 172  , Kumamoto, Japan, 2010-IV-31, leg. Hideyuki Chiba; 1\u2642, Aichi, Seto, Japan, 1999-VIII-13. Leg. Masao Yamanaka.Distribution: North Korea, Japan, Russia.b. Zinaida pellucida quanta Polytremis pellucida quanta Evans, 1949: 445 [949: 445  Polytremis pellucida inexpecta Tsukiyama, Chiba & Fujioka, 1997 [ka, 1997  a. Zinaida zina zina Baoris zina Evans, 1932: 416 [932: 416  , Nanling National Natural Reserve, Ruyuan County, Guangdong, 2003-V, leg. Xiaoling Fan; 2\u2642, 2\u2640, Nanling National Natural Reserve, Ruyuan County, Guangdong, 1997-V, leg. Min Wang; 1\u2642, Yingde, Guangdong, 2003-VI-13, leg. Guohua Huang; 2\u2642, Maoershan, Xinan county, Guangxi, 2003-VII-6, leg. Min Wang and Guohua Huang.Distribution: Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Gansu, Shaanxi, Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong. North Korea, South Korea, Russia (S. Ussuri).b. Zinaida zina asahinai  comb. nov.Polytremis pellucida asahinai Shir\u00f4zu, 1952: 13 [1952: 13  , Taipei, Taiwan, 2014-V; 1\u2642, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 1988-VI-27, leg. Yufeng Hsu.Distribution: Taiwan.S1 Table(DOCX)Click here for additional data file.S2 TableThe best model was selected under a Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) in W-IQ-TREE.(DOCX)Click here for additional data file.S1 Fig(A) adult; (B) male genitalia.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S2 Fig(A) upperside; (B) underside.(TIF)Click here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Reason for Corrigendum:The first three authors Naveen Ramalingam, Brian Fowler, and Lukasz Szpankowski contributed equally to this work.Cate Larsen (author) was missed in the original list.Corrected/new list\u2020, Brian Fowler\u2020, Lukasz Szpankowski\u2020, Anne A. Leyrat, Kyle Hukari, Myo Thu Maung, Wiganda Yorza, Michael Norris, Chris Cesar, Joe Shuga, Michael L. Gonzales, Chad D.\u2009Sanada, Xiaohui Wang, Rudy Yeung, Win Hwang, Justin Axsom, Naga Sai Gopi Krishna Devaraju, Ninez Delos Angeles, Cassandra Greene, Ming-Fang Zhou, Eng-Seng Ong, Chang-Chee Poh, Marcos Lam, Henry Choi, Zaw Htoo, Leo Lee, Chee-Sing Chin, Zhong-Wei Shen, Chong T. Lu, Ilona Holcomb, Aik Ooi, Craig Stolarczyk, Tony Shuga, Kenneth J. Livak, Cate Larsen, Marc Unger and Jay A. A. West*Naveen Ramalingam\u2020Equal contribution.The original article has been updated.NR, BF, JS, and JAAW conceived and designed the RNA-based performance test; BF, LS, AAL, JS, and JAAW conceived and designed the single-cell-based performance test; NR, LS, AAL, JS, MLG, CDS, NDA, CG, CTL, IH, AO, CS, and JAAW performed experiments; BF, NSGKD, MZ, EO, and CP were involved in Polaris IFC development; KH, MTM, WY, MN, CC, ML, HC, ZH, LL, CC, and ZS were involved in Polaris system development; RY, WH, JA, and ZH were involved in Polaris software development; NR, LS, JS, CDS, XW, and JAAW analyzed the data; TS edited the manuscript; CL drafted the Polaris user guide; MU and JAAW supervised the project, helped with design and interpretation, and provided laboratory space and financial support; and NR, LS, KJL, and JAAW wrote the manuscript with input from all authors. All authors listed, have made substantial, direct and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication.All authors are employees of Fluidigm Corporation."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-017-06912-7, published online 27 July 2017Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Massimo Moro, Giulia Bertolini, Roberto Caserini, Cristina Borzi, Mattia Boeri, Alessandra Fabbri, Giorgia Leone, Patrizia Gasparini, Carlotta Galeone, Giuseppe Pelosi, Luca Roz, Gabriella Sozzi & Ugo Pastorino which were incorrectly given as Moro Massimo, Bertolini Giulia, Caserini Roberto, Borzi Cristina, Boeri Mattia, Fabbri Alessandra, Leone Giorgia, Gasparini Patrizia, Galeone Carlotta, Pelosi Giuseppe, Roz Luca, Sozzi Gabriella & Pastorino Ugo respectively.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Information file."}
+{"text": "Cryptosporidium parvum. PLoS ONE 13(3): e0194058. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194058.The third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth authors\u2019 names are incorrect. The correct author list is: Jie Bai, Xin Liu, Laetitia Le Goff, Gilles Gargala, Arnaud Fran\u00e7ois, Jean Jacques Ballet, Phillipe Ducrotte, Loic Favennec, Liqianhai Towledahong. The correct citation is: Bai J, Liu X, Le Goff L, Gargala G, Fran\u00e7ois A, Ballet JJ, et al. (2018) Octreotide modulates the expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes in inflamed rat jejunum induced by"}
+{"text": "Cohen,a William J. Sandborn,b Gary R. Lichtenstein,c Jeffrey Axler,d Robert H. Riddell,e Cindy Zhu,f Andrew C. Barrett,f Enoch Bortey,f William P. ForbesfDavid T. Rubin,aInflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA bDivision of Gastroenterology, University of California [UC] San Diego and UC San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA cDivision of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA dToronto Digestive Disease Associates, Toronto, ON, Canada eDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mt Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada fSalix Pharmaceuticals, Raleigh, NC, USA10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx032doi:n value for patients randomised to treatment in Figure 1.This article has been updated to correct an error to the"}
+{"text": "Biomolecules would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016. The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these intiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Biomolecules, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Biomolecules in 2016:The following reviewed for Akhtar, NahidMaraia, RichardAndersen, MortenMcDougall, GordonArnhold, JuergenMomparler, RichardAskarian-Amiri, Marjan E.Mondrag\u00f3n, AlfonsoBai, BaoyanMorris, Andrew J.Bailey, Shannon M.Nandi, SaikatBell, AndrewOcampo Daza, DanielBernhardt, Harold S.Parnetti, LucillaBodet, CharlesPashov, AnastasBujnicki, JanuszPayne, AnnetteBurchell, JoyPeitzsch, ClaudiaCabrera-Fuentes, HectorPerego, CarlaCampos, FranciscoPochet, NathalieCarreras Puigvert, JordiPolanco, Juan CarlosChang, Yu-SunPoluektova, LarisaChia, JoannePruijn, Ger J.M.Depamphilis, MelvinPy, BeatriceDeutscher, MurrayRamakrishnan, SadeeshDimitroff, Charles J.Reis, Celso AlbuquerqueDohmen, R. JurgenRibeiro, C\u00e9sar Augusto Jo\u00e3oDunckley, TravisRobbe-Masselot, CatherineFan, ChenguangRomani, AndreaGarbar, ChristianRudiger, StefanGendler, SandraSancho-Bru, PauGerwig, Gerrit J.Sardiello, MarcoGeuns, Jan M.C.Sarkar, SibajiGoodarzi, AaronSaunthararajah, YogenGorgoulis, Vassilis G.Schmidt, ThomasHahn, Noah M.Schmidtke, GunterHan, Dong WookSchmitz, GerdHarrington, CharlesSchoner, WilhelmHartmann, RolandSeligmann, Herv\u00e9Hernandez, FelixShi, PatriciaHirata, AkiraShigi, NaokiHisanaga, Shin-ichiShukla, Shivendra D.Hofmann, Bianca T.\u0160imi\u0107, GoranHoward, Michael J.Soll, DieterIntaglietta, MarcosStathopoulos, ConstantinosJackman, Jane E.Stewart, JasonJacob, FrancisTempera, ItaloJarrous, NayefTigyi, G\u00e1bor J.Jongco, ArtemioT\u00f6r\u00f6k, MariannaKang, Gyeong HoonTran, DuyKang, WeiTsuzuki, TakashiKeegan, Kirk A.Van Vliet, SandraKnepper, JaniceVioque, AgustinKrasilnikov, Andrey S.Wang, Qi-enLagger, SabineWesterlind, UlrikaLamas, Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3nWilks, AngelaLaRoque, JanYamashita, KatsukoLehmann, JeanYukl, Erik T.Li, ZhongweiZahr, Natalie M.Lippens, GuyZhao, XiaolanLiu, Chia-ChiZiebuhr, WilmaLu, JianZweckstetter, Markus"}
+{"text": "AbstractCynipoidea is revised, considerably updating the last complete checklist published in 1978. Disregarding uncertain identifications, 220 species are now known from Britain and Ireland, comprising 91 Cynipidae (including two established non-natives), 127 Figitidae and two Ibaliidae.The British and Irish checklist of replacement name is proposed, Kleidotomathomsoni Forshage, for the secondary homonym Kleidotomatetratoma Thomson, 1861 ).One  Hymenoptera checklists that started with This paper continues the series of updated British and Irish Cynipoidea is a rather diverse superfamily of three British families . The Figitidae and Ibaliidae comprise koinobiont endoparasitoids of other insects whereas the Cynipidae are gall-formers, or inquilines of gall-formers. A summary of cynipoid biology can be found in Figitidae are parasitoids of Diptera larvae although the Charipinae are hyperparasitoids of primary parasitoids in aphids and some other Homoptera and the Anacharitinae are parasitoids of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera); the small family Ibaliidae are specialised parasitoids of Siricidae larvae; and the Cynipidae are entirely phytophagous, most conspicuously as gall-formers of oaks (Quercus) but with numerous species galling other Rosaceae (and a few other plants) and the tribe Synergini are inquilines of other cynipid galls. A few representative Cynipoidea are illustrated in Figs The Cynipidae checklist was updated comparatively recently  have received a certain amount of attention over the years and are studied and recorded under the auspices of the British Plant Gall Society. The numbers of valid, certainly identified Cynipoidea are listed by family and country in Table The British recently  and IrisWe reference all additions to and deletions from the 1978 British list  and recoBecause the agamic and sexual generations of cynipids are sometimes referred to by different names, these are differentiated in the checklist. The following conventions and abbreviations are used:species] taxon deleted from the British and Irish list and nomina dubia Added by  Added by quercusradicis. No recent records. Quercusaegilops, and never established. First recorded from old galls by [quercustozae  -a-] Added by  Added by  Recorded by  Both generations reported by quercusfolii. There are no subsequent records and the species requires confirmation as British. Described by  Recorded by  Galls recorded from Norfolk and Surrey by Aulacideafollioti which also galls Sonchusasper EnglandGalls recorded in Norfolk and Derbyshire by Timaspislusitanica Tavares, 1904Englandadded by Jennings (2005)Latreille, 1802RHODITINI Hartig, 1840Geoffroy, 1762RHODITES Hartig, 1840HOLOLEXIS F\u00f6rster, 1869TRIBALIA Walsh, 1864LYTORHODITES Kieffer, 1902NIPPORHODITES Sakugami, 1949Rhoditeseglanteriae Hartig, 1840rufipesHololexis) Rhoditesmayri Schlechtendal, 1877orthospinaeRhodites) Cynipsnervosa Curtis, 1838centifoliaeRhodites) synonymy by Pujade-Villar and Plantard (2002)     Cynipsrosae Linnaeus, 1758bedeguaris Fourcroy, 1785England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of ManRhoditesspinosissimae Giraud, 1859rosae-spinosissimaeCynips) Synergusconnatus Hartig, 1840erythroneurusSynergus) ] Added by umbraculus Cynipscrassicornis Curtis, 1838evanescens Mayr, 1872fidelis Tavares, 1920carinulatus Dettmer, 1924England, Wales, IrelandHartig, 1840gallaepomiformis misident.England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandS.gallaepomiformis in Britain but it was shown in Saphonecrus) and the widespread species should be called facialis. gallaepomiformis  should be retained as the valid name but did not make an application to ICZN to overturn the type designation of gallaepomiformis.This species has hitherto been known as Hartig, 1840bipunctatus Hartig, 1841crassicornis Hartig, 1843 preocc.England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandHartig, 1841pallidicornis Dalla Torre, 1893England, Wales, IrelandMayr, 1872England, WalesHartig, 1840flavicornis Hartig, 1840nervosus Hartig, 1840nigripes Hartig, 1840albipes Hartig, 1841erythrocerus Hartig, 1841variolosus Hartig, 1841varius Hartig, 1841xanthocerus Hartig, 1841tscheki Mayr, 1872tristis Mayr, 1873hartigi Giraud, 1911fulvipes Dettmer, 1924mutabilis Dettmer, 1924England, Wales, IrelandMayr, 1872EnglandMayr, 1872England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandHartig, 1840England, IrelandCynipsthaumacera Dalman, 1823klugii Hartig, 1840carinatus Hartig, 1841testaceusXystus) Diplolepisumbraculus Olivier, 1791gallaeumbraculataeDiplolepis)  PROANACHARITINAE Kovalev, 1979 synonymy by Ronquist (1999)Synonymy follows Haliday in Walker, 1835Fergusson, 1985England, Irelandadded by Fergusson (1985)Cynipsnitidula Dalman, 1823fumipennisAnacharis)  Fergusson, 1985England, Scotlandadded by Fergusson (1985)Dalman, 1823MEGAPELMUS Hartig, 1840SYNAPSIS F\u00f6rster, 1869 preocc.PROSYNAPSIS Dalle Torre & Kieffer, 1910tinctus Walker, 1835typica Walker, 1835petiolataCynips)    Aegilipsarmatus Giraud, 1860abietinaAegilips)  Tenthredoscutellata Villers, 1789ediogasterEvania)    Kieffer, 1907       nom. nud.  Amblynotusmicrocerus Kieffer, 1903England, IrelandScytodesopacus Hartig, 1840femoralis Cameron, 1883England, IrelandGiraud, 1860rufipes F\u00f6rster, 1869biustaOmalaspis) Tavaresiacarinata Kieffer, 1901WalesDalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910ALLOTRIINAE Thomson, 1862 unavailableALLOXYSTINAE Hell\u00e9n, 1931DILYTINI Kierych, 1979LYTOXYSTINAE Kovalev, 1994Alloxystini was paraphyletic with respect to Charipini. Some Welsh occurrence records from Except where noted, nomenclature follows F\u00f6rster, 1869ALLOTRIA Westwood, 1833 preocc.XYSTUS Hartig, 1840 preocc.PEZOPHYCTA F\u00f6rster, 1869NEPHYCTA F\u00f6rster, 1869ADELIXYSTA Kierych, 1988CARVERCHARIPS Kovalev, 1994Alloxysta species for Britain and Ireland, which Alloxysta excluded from the British and Irish list:species of flavicornis  incertae sedis][These species were listed by Alloxysta species of uncertain status:ignorata  nom. dub.] Listed by macrophadnus, the type material of ignorata has not been located and it has not been possible to interpret the name Hell\u00e9n, 1963Englandbrachyptera by apteroidea, although the true brachyptera has also been found in Silwood Park.Det. Van Veen, added here. The species identified as Allotriaarcuata Kieffer, 1902minuta misident.ligustri Evenhuis, 1976Scotland, Walesbrevis by Raised from synonymy with Allotriabasimacula Cameron, 1886caledonicaAllotria)  Xystusbrachypterus Hartig, 1840England, Scotland, Wales, IrelandAllotriabrevis Thomson, 1862minuta misident.EnglandXystuscastaneus Hartig, 1841melanogaster misident.maculicollisAllotria)   preocc.   Kieffer, 1902 (rubricepsAllotria)    Xystuscircumscriptus Hartig, 1841Englandvictrix by Synonymised under Allotriacitripes Thomson, 1862britannicaAlloxystacitripes var.) Kieffer, 1902  England, WalesCynipsconsobrina Zetterstedt, 1838fuscicornisXystus) synonymy by Ferrer-Suay et al. (2013b)      Allotriacrassa Cameron, 1889Scotlandmacrophadnus by Raised from synonymy with Xystuscursor Hartig, 1840castaneaPezophycta) preocc. Xystuserythrothorax Hartig, 1840trapezoidea misident.defectaXystus)  Allotriahalterata Thomson, 1862Englandpedestris by Synonymised under Xystusleunisii Hartig, 1841England, Walesadded by Van Veen et al. (2003)Xystusmacrophadnus Hartig, 1841testacea misident.aptera misident.brachyptera misident.fuscipes misident.nigriventris misident.macrophadna misspellingfilicornisAllotria)  Kieffer, 1902 Nephyctamarshalliana Kieffer, 1900Scotlandmacrophadna by Synonymised under Allotriamullensis Cameron, 1883Scotlandbrevis by Raised from synonymy with Allotrianigrita Thomson, 1862Walesadded by Baker (2013)Xystusobscuratus Hartig, 1840homotomaAlloxystaullrichi var.) Kieffer, 1904 Cynipspallidicornis Curtis, 1838minutaCynips)   Cynipspedestris Curtis, 1838England, Wales, IrelandAllotriapiceomaculata Cameron, 1883Scotland, Walesmacrophadnus by Raised from synonymy with Xystuspilipennis Hartig, 1840flavicornisXystus) synonymy by Ferrer-Suay et al. (2014)  has seen English material.Allotriapleuralis Cameron, 1879unicolorAlloxystapusilla var.) Allotriapusilla Kieffer, 1902Englandadded by Sanders and Van Veen (2010)Allotriaramulifera Thomson, 1862minutaXystus)   Fergusson, 1986England, Irelandadded by Fergusson (1986)Allotriatscheki Giraud, 1860EnglandExcluded from the British and Irish list by Allotriavictrix Westwood, 1833fulvicepsCynips)      nom. nud.         Xystustrapezoideus Hartig, 1841xanthocephalaAllotria)    synonymy by Paretas-Mart\u00ednez et al. (2011)  as a synonym of Phaenoglyphis, it was then raised from synonymy by Phaenoglyphis by Allotriadolichocera Cameron, 1889England, IrelandXystuslongicornis Hartig, 1840WalesAlloxysta, not mentioned by Listed by Hemicrisisruficornis F\u00f6rster, 1869England, WalesPhaenoglyphispubicollis  was resurrected as a valid species by pubicollis \u2018is only represented by type material\u2019, implying that the real ruficornis is the widespread one.Allotriasalicis Cameron, 1883forticornis Cameron, 1888England, WalesXystusvillosus Hartig, 1841picicepsAllotria)               Eucoilacurta Giraud, 1860EnglandEucoiladepilis Giraud, 1860incrassataCothonaspis)  auctt., sensu Cameron .Supposed English specimens in BMNH are all Thomson, 1862Westwood, 1833EUCOELA Agassiz, 1846LYTOSEMA Kieffer, 1901PSILODORA F\u00f6rster, 1869Westwood, 1833boyeniiCothonaspis)  Cothonaspismaculatus Hartig, 1840guerini Dahlbom, 1842brevialata Belizin, 1973England, ScotlandF\u00f6rster, 1869Synonymy from Cothonaspisclavipes Hartig, 1841BMNH, det. Forshage, added here.Eucoelafimbriata Kieffer, 1901xanthoneuraEpisoda) sensuQuinlan (1978b) nec  preocc.     Eucoilaheterotoma Thomson, 1862?mustiXystus)     Cothonaspislongipes Hartig, 1841EnglandBMNH, det. Forshage, added here.F\u00f6rster, 1869EPISODA F\u00f6rster, 1869 synonymy by Nordlander (1980)IDIOMORPHA F\u00f6rster, 1869HYPOLETHRIA F\u00f6rster, 1869PSICHACRA F\u00f6rster, 1869ADIERIS F\u00f6rster, 1869PIEZOBRIA F\u00f6rster, 1869PILINOTHRIX F\u00f6rster, 1869ANECTOCLIS F\u00f6rster, 1869TrybliographaCOTHONASPIS auctt. nec Hartig, 1840DIMICROSTROPHIS Ashmead, 1886DUSMETIOLA Tavares, 1924TrybliographaEUCOILA auctt. nec Westwood, 1835PSEUDEUCOILA Ashmead, 1903Trybliographa are present in Britain and several new synonymies will result from MF\u2019s unpublished revision. Some changes have been made in anticipation of this publication as they affect names described from British specimens.Synonymy mostly from Trybliographa excluded from the British and Irish list:species of testaceipes Cameron, 1883] This name will be placed in synonymy. Recorded from Britain in Fauna Europaea Figitesciliaris Zetterstedt, 1838melanopoda Cameron, 1888England, ScotlandTrybliographa but published as a new combination in Kleidotoma by Fauna Europaea  Cothonaspisniger Hartig, 1840crassiclava Cameron, 1888nigripes Cameron, 1888brevicornisRhynchasis)  Eucoilapygmea Dahlbom, 1842England, IrelandCameron, 1886England, ScotlandCameron, 1880England, ScotlandFigitessubaptera Walker, 1834helgolandicaAgroscopa) . Thomson, 1861 preocc. Name preoccupied by England, Scotland, IrelandEucoilatomentosa Giraud, 1860anisomeraAphiloptera) Cothonaspisheptomus Hartig, 1840biscapusCothonaspis)      Cothonaspisvillosus Hartig, 1840England, Wales, IrelandBMNH, det. Forshage, added here.Benoit, 1956BMNH, det. Forshage, added here. Only a single male specimen has been found amongst British material; it is not identifiable to species level with our current state of knowledge, and is listed here as a record of the genus from Britain.Hartig, 1840Melanips has been transferred to Aspicerinae by Synonymy follows Hartig, 1840AMPHITECTUS misspellingSarothrus by Removed from synonymy with Sarothrusareolatus Hartig, 1840dahlbomii Hartig, 1840piceusFigites) nom. nud.  Cynipsscutellaris Rossi, 1794ruficornisCynips)    Figitesmaculipennis Dahlbom, 1842England, IrelandHartig, 1840Cynipstibialis Zetterstedt, 1838canaliculatus Hartig, 1840silesiacusOmalaspoides) Figitesclavatus Giraud, 1860Wales, Irelandadded by Fergusson (1986)F\u00f6rster, 1869DICERAEA F\u00f6rster, 1869THYREOCERA Ashmead, 1887Figitesurticeti Dahlbom, 1842heteropterusPsilogaster) Ichneumonleucospoides Hockenwarth, 1785cultellatorIchneumon) (Fabricius, 1793, ensiger Norton, 1862suprunenkoi Jacobson, 1899gigantea Yoshimoto, 1970EnglandCresson, 1879drewseni Borries, 1891shirmeri Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910England, ScotlandSupplementary material 1CynipoideaChecklist of the British and Irish Data type: formatted textBrief description: Word document version of the checklistFile: oo_124446.docxForshage, M., Bowdrey, J.P., Spooner, B.M., Van Veen, F. & Broad, G.R.Supplementary material 2CynipoideaChecklist of British and Irish Data type: spreadsheetBrief description: Excel spreadsheet version of the checklistFile: oo_124447.xlsxForshage, M., Bowdrey, J.P., Spooner, B.M., Van Veen, F. & Broad, G.R."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports5: Article number: 1537110.1038/srep15371; published online: 10192015; updated: 09072016The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Hiromitsu Shirasawa, Jin Kumagai, Emiko Sato, Katsuya Kabashima, Yukiyo Kumazawa, Wataru Sato, Hiroshi Miura, Ryuta Nakamura, Hiroshi Nanjo, Yoshihiro Minamiya, Yoichi Akagami and Yukihiro Terada, which were incorrectly given as Shirasawa Hiromitsu, Kumagai Jin, Sato Emiko, Kabashima Katsuya, Kumazawa Yukiyo, Sato Wataru, Miura Hiroshi, Nakamura Ryuta, Nanjo Hiroshi, Minamiya Yoshihiro, Akagami Yoichi and Terada YukihiroIn addition, the \u2018How to cite this article\u2019 section quoted an incorrect abbreviation for Hiromitsu Shirasawa. These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports6: Article number: 3904310.1038/srep39043; published online: 12232016; updated: 04052017Affiliation 1 was incorrectly listed as \u2018Group of Clinical Genomic Networks, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China\u2019 in the original version of the Article. The correct affiliation is listed below:CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P.R. China.In addition, an additional affiliation for all the authors was omitted. The correct affiliation is listed below:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China.As a result, the affiliation list and affiliated authors now read:Affiliation 1CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P.R. China.Christine Nardini, Valentina Devescovi, Yuanhua Liu, Xiaoyuan Zhou, Youtao Lu & Jennifer E. DentAffiliation 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China.Christine Nardini, Valentina Devescovi, Yuanhua Liu, Xiaoyuan Zhou, Youtao Lu & Jennifer E. DentAffiliation 3CNR IAC \u201cMauro Picone\u201d, Via dei Taurini 19 00185-Roma, Italy.Christine NardiniAffiliation 4Bioinformatics Platform, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China.Yuanhua LiuAffiliation 5NORSAS consultancy limited, Norwich (NR12 8QP), Norfolk, UK.Jennifer E. DentThis has now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of this Article."}
+{"text": "European Journal of General Practice (EJGP) would like to express their gratitude to all reviewers who have advised us during the year 2017. To acknowledge their essential contribution to the EJGP, we have listed the names of all referees who completed at least one review report in 2017.The Editors of the Abholz, Heinz-Harald; Agyapong, Vincent IO; Ak, Filiz; Alastru\u00e9 Loscos, Ignacio; Antonneau, Camilla; Apolinario, Daniel; Arestedt, Liselott; Ariman, Osman; Ataoglu, Esra; Avellaneda Fern\u00e1ndez, Alfredo; Avignon, A; Bailey, Richard; Baker, Richard; Bally, Klaus; Banegas, Jose R; Barreto, Philipe; Barton, Christopher; Bedford, Helen; Benko, Ria; Bennasar, Miquel; Berendsen, Anette; Berkhout, Christophe; Berking, Matthias; Bindels, Patrick; Birner, Peter; Black, Laurie; Bleeker, Joan; Bobe-Armant, Francesc; Both, Stephanie; Bouma, Margriet; Boussageon, R\u00e9my; Bowie, L; Branch, Andrea D; Brismar, Kerstin; Brodbeck, Jeannette; Brotonos, Carlos; Bucher, Sophie; Buczkowski, Krzysztof; Buil, Pilar;Buntinx, Frank; Buring, Julie; Cals, Jochen; Cameron, Isobel; Campbell, Eric; Campi\u00f1ez, Manuel; Cardy, Amanda; Carter, Ben; Castro, Yessenia; \u010cati\u0107, Tarik; Cavadas, Lu\u00eds; Celebi, Nora; Chatelard, Sophia; Chmiel, Corinne; Chovarda, Eleni; Clare, Bradley; Clarke, Amy; Cobb, Kate A; Cobley, Stephen; Coindard, Guillaume; Coll, Josep; Collington, Val; Cox, Anna; Czachowski, Slawomir; Dahlhaus, Ann; Daker-Smith, Graham; Damoiseaux, Roger; Damsted Petersen, Christina; Davidsen, Annette Sofie; de Jager, Eloise; De Kock, Cornelis; De la Figuera von Wichmann, Mariano; De Ly, Yasmien; de Sutter, An; de Vries, Juriena; De Wet, C; Degryse, Jan; Del-Pino-Casado, Rafael; Diaz, Esperanza; Donker, Ge; Dowrick, Chris; Driot, Damien; Drosdzol-Cop, Agnieszka; Dunne, Suzanne; Dwinger Sarah; Ebell, Mark H; Edwards, Adrian GK; Eizenga, Wietze; Elliot, Elizabeth; Enrique Dominguez-Munoz, J; Esmer, Aytul Corbacioglu; Falcato, Luis; Farrell, Elinor H; Farris, Samantha G; Fernandez, Rosemarie; Fischer, Gabriele; Fleury, Marie-Josee; Flin, Rhona; Flocke, Susan; Fortin, Martin; Fransen, Mirjam P; Gaakeer, Menno; Gabrielli, Maurizio; Gagyor, Ildiko; Gaist, David; Galvez, Luis; Gappmaier, Eduard; Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez, Sonia;Garvey, Chris; Geelen, Els; Gehring, Katrin; George, Michael; Gervas, Juan; Gibson, Peter; Gidman, Wendy Gillian S, Stephens; Girdley, Forrest; Gjeraa, K; Glynn, Liam; Gonz\u00e1lez-Juanatey, Jos\u00e9; Gould, Dinah; Gouveia, Alexandre; Grande, David; Greenhalgh, Trisha; Gryglas, Anna; Gucek, Nena; Guerra P\u00e9rez, Mar\u00eda Teresa; G\u00fcldal, Dilek; Gunal, Ozgur; Gustafsson, Lars L; Guthrie, Bruce; Haastrup, Peter; Halcomb, Elizabeth; Hallinger, Philip; Harmsen, Charlotte Gry; Harvey, Jasmine; Haukoos, Jason S; Hayes, Risa P; Heaslip, Vanessa; Heddini, Ulrika; Herzig, Lilli; Hetlevik, \u00d8ystein; Heyland, Daren; Hoffmann, Kathryn; Holmgren, Kristina; Holzinger, Anita; Iljaz, Rade; Inoue, Machiko; Ippolito, Ernesto; Jaatinen, Pekka; Jacobi, Arnd; Jacobs, Lenworth M; Jaffray, Mariesha; Jamouille, Marc Jayasuriya, Rohan; Johnson, Crista; Jones, Roger, Junius-Walker, Ulrike; Jurado, Dolores; Kaae, Susanne; Kahan, Thomas; Kalabay, Laszlo; Kalda, Ruth; Kall, Meaghan; Kamenski, Gustav; Kane, Bridget; Kangovi, Shreya; Karnilowicz, Wally; Keizer, Ellen; Kelly, Brian; Kennedy, Suzanne; Khairy, Amal; Kim, Hung Jeffrey; Kinmonth, Ann Louise; Klemenc-Ketis, Zalika; Klemp, Kerstin; Klimas, Jan; Knight, Andrew; Kontopantelis, Evan; Korhonen, P\u00e4ivi; Korstjens, Irene; Kouladjian O'Donnell, Lisa; Kraaijvanger, Nicole; Kreber, Carolin; Kuang-Ho, Chen; Kutalek, Ruth; Laner, Birgit; Laurence, Caroline; Le Reste, Jean-Yves; Leeflang, Mariska; Liddy, Clare; Lischka, Martin; Lopez-Picazo, Julio; Lowres, Nicole; Lowrie, Richard; Lowthian, JA; Luc, Deliens; Lucassen, Peter; Lunze, Karsten; Maagaard, Roar; Maddern, Guy; Magin, Parker; M\u00e4kel\u00e4, Marjukka; Mallen, Christian; Marako\u011flu, Kamile; Marcinowicz, Ludmila Marinho, Jos\u00e9; Marzo-Castillejo, Merc\u00e8 Mas, E; Mascort Roca, Juanjo; Mathieu, Sylvain; McAllister Marion; McNaughton, Candace D; Meagher, David; Medina Bombardo, David; Miedema, Baukje; Milos, Veronica; Mol, Saskia; Mola, Ernesto; Monshouer, Karin; Moragas-Moreno, Ana; Motl, Robert W; Mounce, Luke; Munck, Anders; Muraro, Antonella; Murchie, Peter; Murtagh, Jessica; Muth, Christiane; Naimer, Sody; Narendran, Parth; Navickas, Rokas; Nelson, Brett; Newham, Rosemary; Nicholas Steel; Nielen, Markus; Norgaard, Birgitte; Nygaard, Peter; Obimakinde, Abimbola; Ocek, Zeliha; O'Connor, Kieron; Ogose, Akira; Olsman, Erik; Olsson, Erika; Ornello, Rafaello; Ozyurek, Eser; Paget, John; Palka, Malgorzata; Patel, Asmita; Paul, Christine L; Pennington, Richard; Peremans, Lieve; Perl, Sabine; Petek Ster, Marija; Petrella, Robert; Pizzanelli, Miguel; Polomen, Viola; Pujol, Jesus; Pujol-Ribera, Enriqueta; Rasul, Saima; Razavi, Darius; Reed, Barbara; Regamey, Frederic; Reinisch, Walter; Reis, Shmuel; Reissing, Elke; Remmen, Roy; Renzi, Cristina; Ricci-Cabello, Ignacio; Richter, Trevor; Rifel, Janez; Rifel, Janez Janez; Rifkin, Alan; Rigal, Laurent; Rijpsma, Douwe; Roca Saumell, Carme; Rosemann, Thomas; Rosen, Natalie; Rosendal, Marianne; Ross, Jim; Rotaeche, Raf; Rotar Pavli\u010d, Danica; Rouge-Bugat, Marie-Eve; Rowe, Brian H; Rowen, Tami; Rurik, Imre; Rutten, Guy; Saari, Henna; Sacco, Simona; Saint-Lary, Olivier; Sakayama, Kenshi; Saletti-Cuesta, Lorena; Samet, Jeffrey; Sandholzer, Hagen; Schellevis, Francois; Scherpbier, Nynke; Scherphof, Charlotte S; Schildmeijer, Kristina; Schmiemann, Guido; Schneider, Nils; Schnell, Oliver; Schoenmakers, Birgitte; Schomerus, Georg; Schrans, Diego; Seamark, David; Seltenhammer, Monika; Senn, Oliver; Senter, Carlin; Shojaa, Mahdieh; Silbernagl, Marisa; Simmons, Kecia; Simons, Sereh M. J; Siriwardena, Niro; Sis\u00f3 Almirall, Antoni; Skogan, \u00d6rjan; Slight, Sarah; Smeele, Ivo; Smith, Susan; Smits, Marleen; Song, T. Ted; Sonnichsen, Andreas; S\u00f8rensen, Kristine; Spiegel, Wolfgang; Spoelstra, Symen K; Sunaert, Patricia; Svab, Igor; Szatkowski, Lisa; Szczesniak, D; Tejedor-Alonso, MA; Terluin, Berend; Thornton, Jane; Tod, Angela; Tomasik, Tomasz; Torloni, Maria Regina; Trappenburg, Jaap; Tvete, Ingunn; Twigg, Michael J; Uijen, Anne-Marie; Uittenbogaart, Steven; Vadiee, Massod; van Achterberg, Theo; van Bokhoven, Marloes; van Boxtel-Wilms, Susanna; van den Berg, Michael; Van Den Broucke, Stephan; Van Den Bruel, An; van den Eijnden, Regina; van der Heide, Iris; van der Horst, Henri\u00ebtte; Van der Weijden, Trudy; van der Wouden, Johannes; van Hunsel, Florence; Van Marwijk, Harm; Van Royen, Paul; van Schayck, Constant; Van Scoy, Lauren; van Weel- Baumgarten, Evelyn; Vannier, Sarah; Varnam, Robert; Verd\u00fa, Fernando; Vermandere, Mieke; Verstappen, Wim; Vicens, Caterina; Vikum, Eirik; Vinyoles, Ernest; Visser, Femke; Vogelsang, Harald; Vollebergh, Wilma; Voltmer, Edgar; Wallace, Emma; Wancata, Johannes; Wandeler, Gilles; W\u00e4ndell, Per; Weinberger, Andrea H; Wensing, Michel; Wermeling, Paulien R; Whatley, Ian; Widhalm, Kurt; Widmer, Daniel; Williams, Pauline; Wojczewski, Silvia; Woo, Jean; Yengil, Erhan; Yuguero Torres, Oriol; Yun, Haesun; Zill, J\u00f6rdis.We want to thank you all for your assistance! Your review reports were valued feedback to the authors and helped us to make our editorial decisions.Although our database of authors and reviewers steadily increases, the Editors do not always find it easy to find referees within the journal\u2019s deadlines. Therefore, we sincerely hope that all reviewers want to continue their review work in the future. We provide a format to facilitate the review.https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/EJGP and log in to modify your profile. We also invite readers of the EJGP who would like to review manuscripts for this Journal, to visit http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/ejgp and to register as \u2018new user\u2019, i.e. to complete the details of their expertise. Thank you!If you would like to update your reviewer account, e.g. to specify your expertise, please visit If you have comments regarding the Journal or its peer review process, we invite you to contact the Editorial Office ."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-018-22209-9, published online 01 March 2018Correction to: In the original version of this Article, there were errors in Affiliation 1 which was incorrectly listed as \u2018IRD, Amap, 34398, Montpellier, France.\u2019 The correct affiliation is listed below:AMAP, IRD, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying supplementary material."}
+{"text": "Medical Sciences would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Of course, in these intiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.Medical Sciences, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Medical Sciences in 2016:Adler, Stuart P.Hardy, MelindaOsborne, BrennaAhmad, AliIsman, MurrayPaganetti, PaoloArmand-Lef\u00e8vre, LaurenceJakubowska, MonikaPani, BibhusitaAzarnia Tehran, DomenicoJampol, LeePeng, Chi ChungBartoloni, AlessandroJenkins, Jill A.Picarelli, AntonioBiunno, IdaJoan, Smith-SonnebornPorta, SeppCaceres, AlejandroKanakkanthara, ArunPrater, M. ReneeCasartelli, LucaKang, YanyongPusapati, GaneshChen, Chiung-TongKasarda, DonRavegnini, GloriaCimanga, KanyangaKashanchi, FatahRemelli, MaurizioCros, G\u00e9rardKasinski, AndreaRephaeli, AdaD\u2019Elia, LanfrancoKundu, AishwaryaSantulli, GaetanoDi Tola, MarcoKyvelidou, AnastasiaSapone, AnnaDias, Lu\u00eds G.Lagasse, BlytheSchauss, AlexDjilali-Saiah, IdrissLakhkar, AnandSchettino, GiuseppeDollard, SheilaLederkremer, Gerardo Z.Shlipak, Michael G.Donnellan, Anne M.Liberti, Sascha EmilieSigafoos, JeffEckel, StephenMariussen, EspenSiltberg-Liberles, JessicaEmond, Claude.Mascaraque, CristinaSimcox, JudithFrancis, JoelMatsumoto, YasuhikoTeixeira Damasceno, N\u00e1gila RaquelFu, SherleenMcmorrow, TaraVan Grevenynghe, JulienGilbert, CarolineMeijles, DanielViggiano, DavideGovoni, Gregory R.Mulder, SasjaVinchi, FrancescaGreco, LuigiNana, Andre W.Wang, KeshengGupta, AditiNath, RajendraYang, XueGutierrez, ClaudioNavarro, FerranZhang, GuozhiHaglin, LenaNenna, RaffaellaZong, Sheng GuoHanson, Nancy D.The following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports7:12200; doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11744-6; Article published online 22 September 2017The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Irene Pierantonelli, Chiara Rychlicki, Laura Agostinelli, Debora Maria Giordano, Melania Gaggini, Cristina Fraumene, Chiara Saponaro, Valeria Manghina, Loris Sartini, Eleonora Mingarelli, Claudio Pinto, Emma Buzzigoli, Luciano Trozzi, Antonio Giordano, Marco Marzioni, Samuele De Minicis, Sergio Uzzau, Saverio Cinti, Amalia Gastaldelli & Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni which were incorrectly given as Pierantonelli Irene, Rychlicki Chiara, Agostinelli Laura, Giordano Debora Maria, Gaggini Melania, Fraumene Cristina, Saponaro Chiara, Manghina Valeria, Sartini Loris, Mingarelli Eleonora, Pinto Claudio, Buzzigoli Emma, Trozzi Luciano, Giordano Antonio, Marzioni Marco, De Minicis Samuele, Uzzau Sergio, Cinti Saverio, Amalia Gastalderi & Svegliati-Baroni Gianluca.These errors have now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Information document."}
+{"text": "There are multiple errors in the Author Contributions. The publisher apologizes for the errors. The correct contributions are:Conceptualization: Carmen Steinborn, Roman Huber, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Data curation: Carmen Steinborn, Amy Marisa Klemd, Manuel Garcia-K\u00e4ufer, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Formal analysis: Carmen Steinborn, Ann-Sophie Sanchez-Campillo, Sophie Rieger, Marieke Scheffen, Barbara Sauer, Manuel Garcia-K\u00e4ufer, Konrad Urech, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Funding acquisition: Roman Huber, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Investigation: Carmen Steinborn, Amy Marisa Klemd, Ann-Sophie Sanchez-Campillo, Sophie Rieger, Marieke Scheffen, Barbara Sauer, Konrad Urech, Marie Follo, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Methodology: Barbara Sauer, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Project administration: Roman Huber, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Resources: Konrad Urech, Roman Huber, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Software: Manuel Garcia-K\u00e4ufer.Supervision: Roman Huber, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Validation: Carmen Steinborn, Amy Marisa Klemd, Ann-Sophie Sanchez-Campillo, Sophie Rieger, Marieke Scheffen, Barbara Sauer, Annekathrin \u00dccker, Gunver Sophia Kienle, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Visualization: Carmen Steinborn, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Writing\u2014original draft: Carmen Steinborn, Konrad Urech, Marie Follo, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann.Writing\u2014reviewing & editing: Carmen Steinborn, Annekathrin \u00dccker, Gunver Sophia Kienle, Roman Huber, Carsten Gr\u00fcndemann."}
+{"text": "Journal of Fungi would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016. The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Journal of Fungi see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Journal of Fungi in 2016:Agarwal, RiteshGopinath, Shankar P.Pacioni, Giovanni\u00c5hlin, AndersGroll, Andreas H.Pfaller, M.A.Ahmadi-Afzadi, MasoudHage, Chadi A.Ponikau, Jens U.Aimanianda, Vishu KumarHauser, Philippe M.Porollo, AlekseyAlspaugh, AndrewHoenigl, MartinPusateri, AlessandroArabatzis, MichaelHomma, TetsuyaQueener, S.F.Bahn, Yong-SunHoubraken, JosReales-Calder\u00f3n, Jose AntonioBahr, Nathan C.Johnson, John A.Rolfes, RondaBensch, KonstanzeKaditis, Athanasios G.Shor, ErikaBleackley, Mark R.Kameda, HidetoSilva-Vergara, Mario Le\u00f3nBuitrago, Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9Kidd, Sarah E.Smani, YounesBuzina, WalterKirschner, RolandSpecht, Charles A.Calderone, RichardKonopka, James B.Surup, FrankCoelho, CarolinaKouvelis, Vassili N.Thornton, ChristopherCrous, PerdoLaverty, GarryVatsyayan, PreetyEspinel-Ingroff, AnaLin, Hung-YinVoglmayr, HermannEzra, DavidLivermore, JoanneVoigt, KerstinFalcone, E. LianaMalo, JoshuaWang, ZheFigliuzzi, MatteoMaruyama, Ichiro N.Warris, AdiliaFisher, CynthiaMiceli, Marisa H.Wormley Jr., Floyd L.Freitas, Dayvison F.S.Moore, Margo M.Xue, ChaoyangGarcia-Diaz, JuliaMoreira, Jos\u00e9 A.S.Zaragoza, OscarGarcia-Rodas, RocioMori, MasaakiZhou, ZhichengGasch, AudreyNevez, GillesZutz, ChristophGodet, CendrineObanor, FridayZygadlo, JulioThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Due to an oversight, there was an error in the Authors' Contributions statement as published. Author \u201cV\u00edctor Su\u00e1rez-Guti\u00e9rrez\u201d has also contributed towards Experimental setup, code implementation, computational tests, this information went missing in the original article. The correct statement should read as mentioned below. The authors apologize for this mistake. This error does not affect the scientific conclusions of this article in any way.Experimental setup, code implementation, computational tests: CF, VS, IH, MR, \u00d3B, and FAA. Data collecting, cleaning, and pre-processing: VS, IH, AL, FA, MG, and AC. Manuscript preparation: CF, VS, IH, MR, AL, FA, MG, AC, and FAA.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."}
+{"text": "The aim of this biannual meeting was to foster discussion and disseminate the results of the research on natural products that are used for cancer prevention and therapy. During the meeting, the scientific committee members of the meeting who attended the conference had been selected as judges to evaluate all of the oral and poster presentations and the three best oral and poster presentation awards have been granted to the young scientists. The participants were able to network and engage in discussion for potential collaboration to advance our knowledge on utility of natural products for prevention and treatment of cancer. Scientific experts from eight countries gathered to share their views and experience on the latest research on natural products for cancer prevention and therapy. The traditionally used herbal medicines, medicinal plants, plant extracts, fractions, and phytochemicals for cancer prevention and therapy were discussed throughout the meeting. The scientific program comprised of 12 plenary lectures, 23 oral presentations, and 72 posters, providing an opportunity for more than 130 natural product scientists to present their research in three days. Abstracts for plenary talks, oral presentations, and posters were published as proceedings of the meeting in the special issue of Proceedings, Volume 1 and Issue 10  [Growth factors are one of the main factors responsible from the uncontrolled cell progress in cancer. Up to date many scientists have focused on these factors either as the marker or as the targets in several cancer types. Yerer has presented a plenary lecture on the natural products targeting these factors (Nerve growth factor (NGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factors (HGF), fibroblast growth factors (FGF), vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF-\u03b2) (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/982) [The presentation of Bishayee highlighted studies on cancer preventive and therapeutic attributes of various naturally occurring agents and underlying mechanisms of action, with special emphasis on results reported from our laboratory. Current limitations, challenges, and future directions of research for successful cancer drug development based on natural products will also be discussed (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/834) [Amr Amin has presented a plenary lecture on the anticancer effects of the saffron\u2019s main active ingredient \u201csafranal\u201d against HCC using in vitro, in silico, and network analyses. In their studies, in addition to the unique and differential cell cycle arrest, safranal showed pro-apoptotic effect through activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic initiator caspases implicating ER stress-mediated apoptosis (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/972) [This plenary lecture focused on Cardiac Glycosides (GCs) can be considered as pharmacological agents, allowing for cancer cells to switch from one cell death modality to another. All the findings encourage to further explore a potential for CGs in general as cancer cell death modulators alone or in combination with other targeted treatments (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/977) [Russo et al. has critically reviewed the clinical and pre-clinical studies on the concept that polyphenols, being antioxidant compounds, can fight cancer. They suggest that a clear distinction must be done between the use of polyphenols, such as flavonoids, in cancer treatment versus cancer prevention, starting from adequate and specifically selected cellular models. As an example, he has present data on the potential application of quercetin against chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/975) [Flavones are abundantly present in common fruits and vegetables, many of which have been associated with cancer prevention. Taking into account that no flavonoid based drugs are clinically used in cancer therapy, Randolph has focused on the flavones\u2014which constitute a subgroup of the flavonoids\u2014show some structural analogy with estrogen, and are known to interact with human estrogen receptors, either as agonist or as antagonist. Thus, whereas epidemiological and pre-clinical data seem to indicate a high potential for flavonoids, from the point of view of the pharmaceutical industry and drug developers, they are considered poor candidates (/10/975) . http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/976) [The relevance of these mechanisms and their translation in clinical therapy has been discussed in Borelli\u2019s plenary lecture. Resveratrol and its mechanism of action has been emphasized by her in cancer cells and in experimental models of senescence, inflammation, obesity, and metabolic diseases. Its molecular targets act at different levels: (1) specific molecular pathways ; (2) epigenetic control of gene transcription through sirtuin activation; (3) cell division cycle and differentiation; (4) apoptosis and autophagy; and, (5) cellular redox homeostasis (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/974) [Human infection with HCV is currently recognized as the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which demands liver transplantation, which was estimated to result in \u223c10,000 deaths in the US only in the year 2011. Elsebai has presented a plenary lecture on cynaropicrin as a potential agent for treatment and prevention of HCC by indirect way through inhibition of HCV and in a direct way evidenced by the many antitumor activities in literature (/10/974) . http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/978) [Many phenolic compounds have been investigated for their potential use as cancer chemopreventive agents. Phenolic compounds consist of one or more hydroxyl substitution on the aromatic ring system. Ko\u015far has emphasized that Cinnamic acid esters, such as caffeic acid phenethyl and benzyl esters, display selective antiproliferative activity against some types of cancer cells. Flavonoids consist of a large group of polyphenolic compounds having a benzo-\ud835\udefe-pyrone structure, and are ubiquitously present in plants. This structure can be responsible from the anticancer acitvities of these compounds (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/973) [Ulukaya has given a lecture on the pristimerin\u2019s cytotoxic potential on particularly cancer stem cells (CSCs) should be much more important due to the CSCs\u2019 recent role in recurrence of cancer. He has presented their studies on Pristimerin that has been shown to suppress the proliferation of various cancer cell lines at relatively lower concentrations, of which, the IC50 values are around 0.5\u20134 \u03bcM (http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/980) [Curcumin is multi-targeted molecule with pleotropic nature, which inhibits NF-\u03baB and related proteins promoting effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Demiray has presented their clinical studies with curcumin on adenoid cystic carcinoma where they have treated patients for 72 months by oral curcumin and eight months by i.v curcumin. Disease control rate was 89.3% (15/17), and no any grade III-IV toxicities was observed related to curcumin reflecting the clinical use of curcumin on adenoid cystic carcinoma patients (/10/980) . http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/981) [Srivastava\u2019s presentation mainly focused on the combination of BRAF inhibitors with Mcl-1 inhibitor such as piperlongumine may have therapeutic advantage to melanoma patients with acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors alone or in combination with MEK1/2 inhibitors (/10/981) .Oral PresentationsTitleAuthorsLinkEffect of Pomegranate Extract and Tangeretin on Specific Pathways in the Rat Breast Cancer Model Induced with DMBA .H. Fatih Gul et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/983Synergistic Cytotoxic Effects of Resveratrol in Combination with Ceramide Metabolizing Enzymes in Ph + Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia .Osman O\u011fuz et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/984Characterization of cycloartane-type sapogenol derivatives for prostate cancer chemoprevention .Bilge Debelec-Butuner et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/985Epibrassinolide treatment caused autophagy or apoptosis decision in a time-dependent manner through ER stress in colon cancer cells .P\u0131nar Obakan-Yerlikaya et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/986Determination of Silymarin molecule activity in colon cancer by AgNOR technique .Merve Alpay et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/987Lysimachia savranii on the neuroblastoma cells [The cytotoxic effect of ma cells .Gonca D\u00f6nmez et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/988Autocrine Growth Hormone-triggered curcumin resistance abolished by NF-\u03baB signaling pathway dependent on inflammatory cytokines and active polyamine catabolic machinery in MCF-7, MDA-MB-453 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells .Ajda \u00c7oker G\u00fcrkan et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/989Lysimachia savranii on the migration of the breast cancer cells [The effect of er cells .I\u015f\u0131l Aydemir et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/990Origanum minutiflorum on cancer cells [Investigation of cytotoxic effect of er cells .Oktay \u00d6zkan et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/991Celastrol modulates lipid synthesis via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling axis to finalize cell death response in prostate cancer cells .Elif Damla Arisan et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/992Investigation of the Effect of Paclitaxel and Pycnogenol on Mitochondrial Dynamics in Breast Cancer Therapy .Suna Say\u011f\u0131l\u0131 et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/993Effects of curcumin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in kidney, liver, brain and testis of mice bearing Ehrlich Solid Tumor .Mustafa Nisari et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/994Curcumin enhances the efficacy of 5-FU in Colo205 cell lines .Ebru \u00d6zt\u00fcrk et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/995Effect of a New Sapogenol Derivative (AG-07) on Cell Death via Necrosis .Yalcin Erzurumlu et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/996Plantago holosteum Scop [Cytotoxic and Antiinflammatory Activity Guided Studies on eum Scop .Yasin Genc et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/997Continuously monitoring the cytotoxicity of API-1, \u03b1-chaconine and \u03b1-solanine on human lung carcinoma A549 .Ebru \u00d6zt\u00fcrk et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/998The effects of \u03b1-chaconine on ER-\u03b1 positive endometrium cancer cells .Ay\u015fe K\u00fcbra Karabo\u011fa Arslan et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/999Investigation of apoptotic effect of sinapic acid in Hep3B and HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells .Canan Ero\u011flu et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1000Cousinia Species of Stenocephalae Bunge. Section [Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activity of four  Section .Leyla Pa\u015fayeva et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1001Apoptotic effect of Ginnalin A on MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 human breast cancer cell lines .Ebru Avc\u0131 et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1002Cytotoxic effects of coumarin compounds imperatorin and osthole, alone and in combination with 5-fluorouracil in colon carcinoma cells .Ay\u015fe Eken et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1003Screening of some Apiaceae and Asteraceae plants for their cytotoxic potential .Perihan G\u00fcrb\u00fcz et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1004Cyclodextrine Based Nanogels and Phase Solubility Studies of Flurbiprofen as a Chemopreventive Agent .Ay\u015fe Nur Oktay et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1005Poster PresentationsEffect of a synthesized compound against cancerous cell line and synthesis of copper ion incorporated 1- ethanone-based hybrid nanoflowers .Burcu Somt\u00fcrk Y\u0131lmaz et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1006Development of effective anticancer drug candidates against breast and colon cancers .Senem Akko\u00e7 et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1007Synthesis of copper ion incorporated aminoguanidine derivatives-based hybrid nanoflowers .Sevtap \u00c7a\u011flar Yavuz et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1008Evaluation of anti-proliferative and cytotoxic properties of chlorogenic acid against breast cancer cell lines by real time monitoring .Onur Bender et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1009Investigation of Apoptotic Effects of Usnic Acid on Hepatocellular Carcinoma .Beste Yurdacan et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1010In vitro Cytotoxic Effect Evaluation of Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin Rhizome and Stem Extracts on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells [ma Cells .\u00dcnal Egeli et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1011The Effect of Herbal Medicine on Neuroblastoma Cell Line in Culture .B\u00fc\u015fra \u015een et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1012The foods containing miR-193b may inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells .Dilek Asci Celik et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1013Is the dietary miR-193b a novel cell cycle arresting source for breast carcinoma? .Nilgun Gurbuz et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1014The effects of Wortmannin and EGCG and combined treatments on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines via inactivation of PI3K signaling pathway .Elgin Turkoz Uluer et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1015The effects of Paclitaxel and Metformin and combined treatments on TLR signaling pathway on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines .Melike Ozgul et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1016Inhibition of telomerase activity by cucurbitacin I in colon cancer cell line, LS174T .Emir Tosun et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1017Effect of cucurbitacin I on proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer cell line, LS174T .Emir Tosun et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1018In vitro anticancer and cytotoxic activities of some plant extracts on HeLa and Vero cell lines [ll lines .Fulya Tugba Artun et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1019Pinus Pinaster on Breast Cancer Cell in Culture [Anticancer Effects of Oleocanthal and  Culture .Mahmud \u00d6zkut et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1020Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of the Medicinal Plants on Breast Cancer Cell Lines .P\u0131nar K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7aslan S\u00f6nmez et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1021The role of trophoblastic stem cells conditioned media on JAR cell culture .Hilal Kabaday\u0131 et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1022The effect of pycnogenol and paclitaxel on DNA damage in human breast cancer cell line .H\u00fclya Birinci et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1023Investigation of the effects of paclitaxel and pycnogenol on inflammatory response  in human breast cancer cell line .H\u00fclya Birinci et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1024Is There Any Protective Effect of Pomegranate and Tangeretin on the DMBA-Induced Rat Breast Cancer Model? .H. Fatih Gul et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1025Origanum minutiflorum [The neurotoxic effects of tiflorum .\u0130smail Sari et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1026The Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Usnic Acid on Prostate Cancer versus Normal Cells .I\u015f\u0131l Ezgi Ery\u0131lmaz et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1027Linum arboretum on A549 Cells [Antiproliferative Effect of Methanolic Extract of 49 Cells .Ozgur Vatan et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1028in vitro Cytotoxic Effects of Montivipera xanthina on Healthy and Cancer Human Lung Cell Lines [Investigation of ll Lines .Huzeyfe Huriyet et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1029Development and Characterization of Paclitaxel-loaded PLGA Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cell line by MTT Assay .Merve \u00c7elik Tekeli et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1030Effects of Fulvic Acid on Different Cancer Cell Lines .S. Kerem Aydin et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1031Rheum palmatum L.) leaf extracts [Antioxidant, antibacterial and antiproliferative activities of Turkish rhubarb  Activity in Some Plants Naturally Growing under Salt Stress .Seda \u015eirin et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1035Development and Characterization of Paclitaxel-loaded PLGA Nanoparticles and Cytotoxicity Assessment by MTT assay on A549 cell line .Sedat \u00dcnal et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1036Hypericum perforatum Linn.) plant extract on cervix adenocarcinoma [Evaluation of in vitro anti-proliferative activity of St. John\u2019s wort  cell line .P\u0131nar Atalay D\u00fcndar et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1045The Effects of Benzoxasol Derivate Compounds in Breast Cancer Cells .Funda Kosova et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1046Psephellus pyrrhoblepharus Extracts [Potential Cytotoxic Activity of Extracts .Pelin Ta\u015ftan et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1047Onosma species for Cytotoxic Activity [Screening of Activity .\u00d6zge G\u00fczel et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1048Mount Bulgar Viper (Montivipera bulgardaghica) PLA2 and SVMPs Venom Peptide fractions on HeLa and A549 Cancer Cells [Apoptotic Effects of er Cells .Yalcin Erzurumlu et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1049Turkish Propolis Extract Increases Apoptosis via Induction of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Loss in MCF-7 Cells .Sema Misir et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1050Viburnum opulus) Juice on Ehrlich Ascites Tumor (EAT) Cell Culture [The Effect of Gilaburu  Rothm. Extracts on MCF 7 cell line [Cytotoxic Effects of ell line .Selen \u0130lg\u00fcn et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1056Rhaponticoides iconiensis (Hub.-Mor.) M.V.Agab. & Greuter [Comparative Evaluation of the cytotoxic effects of stem and flower extracts of  Greuter .Eren Demirpolat et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1057Goji berry fruit extract suppresses cell proliferation of breast cancer cells by inhibiting EGFR/ERK signaling .Hatice Bekci et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1058Biologically transformed Propolis Exhibits Cytotoxic Effect on A375 Malignant Melanoma Cells in vitro .Hikmet Memmedov et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1059Rheum ribes extract increase the expression level of miR-200 family in human colorectal cancer cells [er cells .Ilknur Cinar et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1060Liquidambar orientalis Mill. against HT-29 and HCT-116 cell lines [Potential effects of ll lines .Sumeyra Cetinkaya et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1061The Effect of Tocopherol-\u03b1 On the Cell Viability in Caco-2 Cell Line .Ay\u015fenur G\u00f6k et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1062In vitro Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Some Local Plants from Bolu Province of Turkey .Kadriye Nur Kasapo\u011flu et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1063Survey of the apoptotic effect of Ginnalin A on Hep3B human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line . P\u0131nar \u00d6zden et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1064Ameliorative effects of Carvacrol on Cyclophosphamide-induced testis damage and oxidative stress .Mustafa Cengiz et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1066Synthesis of Anthocyanin-rich Red Cabbage Nanoflowers and Their Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties .Suheyl Furkan Konca et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1067Cytotoxic potentials of some Asteraceae plants from Turkey on HeLa cell line .K\u00fcbra Uzun et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1068The Role of Lidocaine in the Dunning Model Rat Prostate Cancer Cells: Cell Kinetics and Motility .Esma Purut et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1069Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl. Root extract suppresses cell proliferation of prostate cancer cells [er cells .Selda Eren et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1070Assessment of antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of known antioxidants compared to neopterin .G\u00f6zde Girgin et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1071Comparison of radical scavenging and cytotoxic activities of well-known non-enzymatic antioxidants .Suna Sabuncuo\u011flu et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1072A Study on the Synthesis and Anticancer Activities of Novel 6-Methoxy Flavonyl Piperazine Derivatives .Meltem Ceylan-\u00dcnl\u00fcsoy et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1073Effect of Paclitaxel Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles and Quantum Dots on Breast Cancer .G\u00fclen Melike Demir et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1074Turkish Medicinal Plants Used in Cancer Treatment and Evaluation of Plant Usage in the Oncology Clinic of the \u0130stanbul University Faculty of Medicine .B\u00fc\u015fra Teke et al. http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1075Is Acteosid Effects on Colon Cancer Stem Cells Via Inflamation and/or Apoptosis? .Fatma Firat et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1076Achillea millefolium L. Extracts on MCF7 Cell Line [Analysis of the Cytotoxic Effects of ell Line .Esra K\u00f6ng\u00fcl et al.http://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/1/10/1077Abdurrahim Kocyigit, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Sar\u0131yer, TurkeyAdemi Fahri Pirhan, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyAdnan Ayhanci, Biology Department, Art and Science Faculty, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeyAdriana Borriello, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, Naples, ItalyAhmet Baysar, Department of Chemical Engineering, Inonu University, Malatya, TurkeyAhmet Cumaoglu, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAhmet Savran, Department of Arts and Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ni\u011fde \u00d6mer Halisdemir University, Ni\u011fde, TurkeyAjda \u00c7oker-G\u00fcrkan, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyAli Karagoz, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyAmr Amin, Biology Department, UAE University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesAnupam Bishayee, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, USAArzu Atalay, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyAsuman Bozkir, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyAyhan Alt\u0131nta\u015f, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeyAynur I\u015f\u0131k, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyAyse Baldemir, Department of Pharmaceutical botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAyse Nalbantsoy, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyAysun Adan, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, TurkeyAysun \u00d6k\u00e7esiz, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAy\u015fe Eken, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAy\u015fe K\u00fcbra Karabo\u011fa Arslan, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyAy\u015fe Nur Oktay, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyAy\u015fe Zeynep \u00dcnal, Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyAy\u015fenur G\u00f6k, Ankara Un\u0131vers\u0131ty, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara, TurkeyBasseem Radwan, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyBayram Go\u00e7men, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyBelma Asl\u0131m, Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Teknikokullar, Ankara, TurkeyBenjamin-Florian Hempel, Institut f\u00fcr Chemie, Technische Universitat Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, Berlin, GermanyBeraat \u00d6z\u00e7elik, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Enginerring, Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyBerrin Tunca, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyBeste Yurdacan, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Gorukle, Bursa, TurkeyBijen K\u0131v\u00e7ak, Deparment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, \u0130zmir, TurkeyBilge Debelec-Butuner, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyBruno Botta, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma, ItalyBurak Durmaz, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ege University, TurkeyBurcu Somt\u00fcrk Y\u0131lmaz, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyBur\u00e7in T\u00fcrkmeno\u011flu, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyBuse Cevatemre, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyB\u00fc\u015fra \u015een, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey B\u00fc\u015fra Teke, Faculty of Pharmacy, \u0130stanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyCanan Ero\u011flu, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyCanan T\u00fcrko\u011flu, Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Life Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyCarmela Spagnuolo, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy\u00c7i\u011fdem Y\u00fccel, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyDamla Akogullari, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology & Embryology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyDaniel Petras, Institut f\u00fcr Chemie, Technische Universitat Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, Berlin, GermanyDemetrios A. Spandidos, Department of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete GR, GreeceDidar Tasdemir, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyDidem \u015e\u00f6hreto\u011flu, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe Un\u0131vers\u0131ty, Ankara, TurkeyDilek Asci Celik, Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, TurkeyDilek Ceylan, Genome and Stem Cell Center, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, TurkeyEbru Avc\u0131, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyEbru \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyEfe Kurtdede, Ankara, TurkeyElgin Turkoz Uluer, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyElif Damla Ar\u0131san, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyElif D\u00fcndar, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeyEmin Sar\u0131p\u0131nar, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyEmine Akal\u0131n Uru\u015fak, Faculty of Pharmacy, \u0130stanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyEmir Tosun, Department of Chemical Engineering, Inonu University, Malatya, TurkeyEngin Ulukaya, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, TurkeyErcan Kurar, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyErc\u00fcment \u00d6lmez, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyErdal Bedir, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, TurkeyErem Bilensoy, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyEren Demirpolat, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyErkan Yilmaz, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyEser Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m S\u00f6zmen, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ege University, TurkeyEsma Purut, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, TurkeyEsra K\u00f6ng\u00fcl, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyEsra K\u00fcpeli Akkol, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyEvren Demircan, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Enginerring, Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyEzgi Balkan, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, TurkeyFatemeh Bahadori, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, TurkeyFatih \u00c7\u00f6ll\u00fc, Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyFatma Esin K\u0131r\u0131k, Department of Medicinal Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ni\u011fde \u00d6mer Halisdemir University, Ni\u011fde, TurkeyFatma Firat, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyFeyzan \u00d6zdal Kurt, Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Life Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyFulya Tugba Artun, Institute of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyFunda Karbanc\u0131o\u011flu-G\u00fcler, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Enginerring, Istanbul Technical University, Sar\u0131yer, TurkeyFunda Kosova, Faculty of Health Science, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyFunda Nuray Yal\u00e7\u0131n, Pharmacognosy Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyGamze G\u00fcney Eskiler, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, TurkeyGian Luigi Russo Russo, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, ItalyGonca D\u00f6nmez, Department of Medicinal Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ni\u011fde \u00d6mer Halisdemir University, Ni\u011fde, TurkeyGorkem K\u0131smal\u0131, Ankara, TurkeyG\u00f6k\u00e7e \u015eeker Karatoprak, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of PharmacognosyG\u00f6zde Girgin, Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyGul Ozcan, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyGulay Melikoglu, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyGuzide Sat\u0131r Basaran, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyG\u00fclen Melike Demir, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyG\u00fcliz Armagan, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, \u0130zmir, TurkeyG\u00fcl\u015fah Albayrak, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyG\u00fcl\u015fah \u00c7e\u00e7ener, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Gorukle, Bursa, TurkeyG\u00fcl\u015fen Akal\u0131n \u00c7ift\u00e7i, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeyH. Fatih Gul, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, TurkeyH. Gul Dursun, Medical Biology Department, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyH. Seda Vatansever, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyHakk\u0131 Ta\u015ftan, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyHarun \u00dclger, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyHasibe Vural, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyHatice Bekci, Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyHatice Kalkan Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, Faculty of Engineering Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, TurkeyHatice Susar, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyHatice Yildirim, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Balikesir University, Balikesir, TurkeyHikmet Memmedov, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ege University, TurkeyHilal Kabaday\u0131, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyHulusi Malyer, Botany Department, Faculty of Science and Art, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyHuzeyfe Huriyet, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyH\u00fclya Birinci, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyHanifi Ozercan, Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elaz\u0131g, TurkeyIbrahim Turan, Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, GumushaneUniversity, Gumushane, TurkeyIclal Saracoglu, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, TurkeyIlknur Cinar, Medical Biology Department, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyIsmail Hakki Akgun, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyIsmail Ocsoy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyI\u015f\u0131l Aydemir, Faculty of Medicine, Ni\u011fde \u00d6mer Halisdemir University, Ni\u011fde, TurkeyI\u015f\u0131l Ezgi Ery\u0131lmaz, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey\u0130brahim \u00c7akir, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Abant \u0130zzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey\u0130brahim Tu\u011flu, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical of Faculty, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey\u0130lhan \u00d6zer \u0130lhan, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey\u0130smail Sari, Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ni\u011fde \u00d6mer Halisdemir University, Ni\u011fde, Turkey\u0130smail Tuncer De\u011fim, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, Topkap\u0131, \u0130stanbul, TurkeyJuana Diez, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SpainJukka Hakkola, Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Institute of Biomedicne, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandKaan Adacan, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyKadriye Nur Kasapo\u011flu, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Enginerring, Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyKamil Vural, Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyKemal \u00d6zbilgin, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyKemal Sami Korkmaz, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey Konstantinos Dimas, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GreeceK\u00fcbra Uzun, Pharmacognosy Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyLatife Merve Oktay, Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, TurkeyLeyla Pa\u015fayeva, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyMahmoud F. Elsebai, Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptMahmud \u00d6zkut, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyMarc Diederich, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaMaria usso, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, ItalyMehmet Berk\u00f6z, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yuzuncu Y\u0131l University, Van, TurkeyMehmet \u0130brahim Tu\u011flu, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyMehmet Z\u00fclf\u00fc Yildiz, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Ad\u0131yaman University, Ad\u0131yaman, TurkeyMehtap Nisari, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyMelike Ozgul, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyMeltem Ceylan-\u00dcnl\u00fcsoy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyMert Burak Ozturk, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyMert Ilhan, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, \u0130stanbul, TurkeyMerve Alpay, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, D\u00fczce, TurkeyMerve \u00c7elik Tekeli, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyMerve \u00c7elik, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, TurkeyMerve Karaman, Department of Biology, Balikesir University, Balikesir, TurkeyMerve U\u011fur, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, TurkeyMetin Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, TurkeyMiros\u0142aw Kro\u015bniak, Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland Mohamed Mehiri, Nice, FranceMustafa Cengiz, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Education Faculty, Siirt University, Siirt, TurkeyMustafa Nisari, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nuh Naci Yazgan, Kayseri, TurkeyMustafa \u00d6ztatl\u0131c\u0131, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyMutlu Demiray, Department of Medical Oncology, KTO Karatay University, Konya, TurkeyM\u00fcberra Ko\u015far, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazima\u011fusa, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, TurkeyM\u00fckerrem Bet\u00fcl Yerer, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyM\u00fczeyyen Demirel, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Tepeba\u015f\u0131, TurkeyN. Nalan \u0130mamo\u011flu, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyNalan \u00d6zdemir, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Talas Street, Kayseri, TurkeyNar\u00e7\u0131n Palavan-\u00dcnsal, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyNaz\u0131m Bozan, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, TurkeyNecip Ilhan, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, TurkeyNeel M. Fofaria, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USANeriman \u0130nan\u00e7, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nuh Naci Yazgan, Kayseri, TurkeyNevin \u00c7elebi, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyNevin Ilhan, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elaz\u0131g, TurkeyNilgun Gurbuz, Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, TurkeyNilufer Cinkilic, Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyNur Selvi, Faculty of Medicine Department of Medical Biology, Ege University, TurkeyNurcan Silahtarl\u0131o\u011flu, Graduate School Natural Applied Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyNurhayat Sutlupinar, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey O. Faruk Kirlangic, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic, Balikesir University, Balikesir, TurkeyOguzhan Tatar, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, TurkeyOktay \u00d6zkan, Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ni\u011fde \u00d6mer Halisdemir University, Ni\u011fde, TurkeyOnur Bender, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyOnur Kaya, Graduate School Natural Applied Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Oruc Allahverdiyev, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yuzuncu Y\u0131l University, Van, TurkeyOsman O\u011fuz, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, TurkeyOsman Tugay, Department of Biology Program of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Selcuk University, Konya, TurkeyOsman \u00dcst\u00fcn, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyOya Bozda\u011f-D\u00fcndar, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyOzer Y\u0131lmaz, Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyOzgun Teksoy, Biology Department, Art and Science Faculty, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeyOzgur Tag, Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyOzgur Vatan, Department of Biology, Science and Art Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey\u00d6mer Ta\u015f, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey\u00d6zge Al, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey\u00d6zge G\u00fczel, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey\u00d6zge Renc\u00fczo\u011fullar\u0131, Atakoy Campus, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey\u00d6zlem Temiz-Arpac\u0131, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TurkeyPelin Ta\u015ftan, Deparment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, \u0130zmir, TurkeyPelin Toros, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyPerihan G\u00fcrb\u00fcz, Pharmacognosy Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyPetek Ballar, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyP\u0131nar Atalay D\u00fcndar, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeyP\u0131nar \u0130kiz, Pharmacognosy Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyP\u0131nar K. S\u00f6nmez, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyP\u0131nar K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7aslan S\u00f6nmez, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyP\u0131nar Obakan-Yerlikaya, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Atakoy Campus, Istanbul, TurkeyP\u0131nar \u00d6zden, Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeyPinar K. S\u00f6nmez, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyRana Kavurmac\u0131, Department of Advanced Technology, Ahi Evran University, K\u0131r\u015fehir, TurkeyRandolph R. J. Arroo, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UKRecep Er\u00f6z, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, D\u00fczce, TurkeyRemzi Soner Cengiz, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, TurkeyRemziye Kendirci, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyRenata Francik, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, PolandRoderich D. S\u00fcssmuth, Institut f\u00fcr Chemie, Technische Universitat Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, Berlin, GermanyRojen Geylan, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, TurkeyRuziye Da\u015fk\u0131n, Botany Dept., Faculty of Science and Letters, Uluda\u011f University, Bursa, TurkeyS. Kerem Aydin, Sirri Yircali Anatolian High School, Balikesir, TurkeySanjay K. Srivastava, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USASeda Duman, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, TurkeySeda \u015eirin, Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Teknikokullar, Ankara, TurkeySedat \u00dcnal, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologySeher Dalgic, Sirri Yircali Anatolian High School, Balikesir, TurkeySeher Y\u0131lmaz, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Bozok University, Yozgat, TurkeySelda Eren, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySelen \u0130lg\u00fcn, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySelim Demir, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, TurkeySema Misir, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, TurkeySenem Akko\u00e7, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySerap Yalcin, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ahi Evran University, K\u0131r\u015fehir, TurkeySerap Yal\u0131n, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, TurkeySevil Albayrak, Biology Department, Science Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySevin\u00e7 \u0130nan, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeySevtap \u00c7a\u011flar Yavuz, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySeyhan Altun, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, TurkeySezin Anil, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeySharavan Ramachandran, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USASibel Gunes, Biology Department, Art and Science Faculty, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeySibel \u0130lbasmi\u015f Tamer, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeySinem Y\u0131lmaz, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeySolmaz Susam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, TurkeyStefania Moccia, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, ItalySuheyl Furkan Konca, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, TurkeySukran Kultur, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Sumeyra Cetinkaya, Medical Biology Department, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, TurkeySuna Sabuncuo\u011flu, Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey Suna Say\u011f\u0131l\u0131, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey \u015eamil \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey\u015eebnem Kurhan, Novel Food Technologies Development, Application and Research Center, Abant \u0130zzet Baysal University, Bolu, TurkeyTaner Da\u011fc\u0131, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, \u0130zmir, TurkeyTerken Baydar, Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyTevhide Sel, Ankara Un\u0131vers\u0131ty, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, TurkeyTolga Cavas, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyTolga Ertekin, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Kocatepe University, Afyon, TurkeyTuna Onal, Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, TurkeyU. Sebnem Harput, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey\u00dcnal Egeli, Medical Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, TurkeyVarol Sahinturk, Vocational School of Health Services, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeyVasilis P. Androutsopoulos, Department of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete GR, Greece Veysel Kayser, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaVildan Bet\u00fcl Yenigun, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, TurkeyYalcin Erzurumlu, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, TurkeyYasemin Tekin, Biology Department, Art and Science Faculty, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeyYasin Genc, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TurkeyYe\u015fim Akta\u015f, Erciyes University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyYuksel Aliyazicioglu, Medicinal Plants, Traditional Medicine Practice and Research Center, Gumushane University, Gumushane, TurkeyY\u00fcksel \u00d6\u011f\u00fcn\u00e7, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeyZerrin Seller, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski\u015fehir, TurkeyZeynep Dogan, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey"}
+{"text": "AbstractStratiomyinae, Sarginae, Nemotelinae, and Pachygasterinae), and twelve species from five genera have been collected and are recognized in Morocco. Pachygasteratra , Oxycerapardalina , Nemotelusdanielssoni , and Oxyceraterminata  are newly recorded to the North African fauna. Nemotelusatriceps  and Nemotelusmaculiventris  are reported for the first time in Morocco. The present number of soldier flies known from Morocco is 33.A checklist of soldier flies species recorded from the North African countries of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt is based on both literature records and material newly collected in Morocco. Four subfamilies ( Diptera that exhibit an extreme array of morphological diversity, as well as a moderate range of life histories, with about 400 genera and about 2,700 species currently recognised worldwide . The soldier flies are found all over the world, but are particularly diverse in tropical regions (Stratiomyids (soldier flies) constitute one of the moderately large families of  regions , 2011.The family comprises varied members, ranging from 2.0 to 20.0 mm in length. While some species are entirely slender, others are stout or evidently flattened, with coloration ranging from strikingly patterned dark with a yellow, sometimes white or greenish pattern and frequent metallic reflections , to rathStratiomyidae, Important studies have been done over the world, like those of Stratiomyidae were given by Diptera of Morocco. For the next two decades, they received sporadic study devoted mainly, to the records of Moroccan species amongst the Diptera of Morocco or among the Stratiomyidae of the Palaearctic Region  and Nemotelusmaculiventris  in Morocco, in addition to Pachygasteratra , Oxycerapardalina , Oxyceraterminata  and Nemotelusdanielssoni  for the first time not only in Morocco but for the North African continent.In this present study, 12 species of soldier flies have been recorded from 23 sampling sites in Morocco . Photographs of the sampling localities showing Moroccan habitats of the species newly recorded are given (by DY and BB). All the material is deposited in the insect collection of the department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Abdelmalek Essa\u00e2di, T\u00e9touan, Morocco.Preparations of the male and/or female terminalia, as well as the illustrations are given here Figs . SpeciesStratiomyidae Beristunisiae Becker, 1915= North African literature records. Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia: La Calle Stratiomysflauipes Fabricius, 1798= Euparyphuskabylinus Bigot, 1879b= World distribution. Only known in North African from Algeria: Oran, Tebessa Stratiomysauriflua Erichson, 1841= World distribution. Known in North Africa only from Morocco: Middle Atlas and Algeria: Soufouloud Stratiomyssplendens Fabricius, 1787= Ephippiumrufitarse Macquart, 1838= Pycnomallasplendensssp.jordanica Lindner, 1974= North African literature records. Morocco Muscaformosa Scopoli, 1763= Nemotelusflavogeniculatus De Geer, 1776= Muscacicur M. Harris, 1778= Muscaaurata Fabricius, 1787= Sargusaeneus Walckenaer, 1802= Sargusxanthopterus Meigen, 1804= Sargusazureus Loew, 1840= New localities. Morocco, Rif: Taghbalout, 1\u26422\u2640\u2640, 5/IV/2014, sweep net, Coll. Yimlahi and Belqat; Lac Ametrasse . Palaearctic, Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, England, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenija, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Yugoslavia Muscabipunctata Scopoli, 1763= Sargusreaumuri Meigen, 1804= Sargusreaumurii Fabricius, 1805= Sargussulphureus Meigen, 1822= Sargusbipunctatus O. Costa, 1844= Chrysochromafasciatus Szilady, 1929= Geosargusperpulcher James, 1936= North African literature record. Tunisia ( Tunisia : 221.World distribution. Nearctic: Canada (British Columbia), USA . Palaearctic: Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, England, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenija, Switzerland Oxyceraannulata Becker, 1906= World distribution. Tunisia: Zaghouan, Tunis Hermionegermanica Szilady, 1932= Hermionedorieri Vaillant, 1950= Hermionedorierivar.barbarica Vaillant, 1950= North African literature record. Algeria: Aur\u00e8s Mountains, Arris Oxyceraranzonii Schiner, 1857= Hermionemuscariaronzonii Vaillant, 1950= Hermionemorrisivar.auresi Vaillant, 1950= Hermionemorrisivar.minuta Vaillant, 1950= North African literature records. Algeria: vicinity of Alger Hermioneochracea Vaillant, 1950= World distribution. Only known in North Africa from Algeria: Aur\u00e8s Mountains, Arris, Constantine Heraclinaorientalis Lindner, 1974= Heraclinastigmosaorientalis = North African literature record. Egypt Oxyceraamoena Loew, 1857= Oxyceraengadinica Jaennicke, 1866= Oxyceracalceata Loew, 1871= Hermionesahunica S\u00e9guy, 1934= Hermionepardalinavar.oldenbergi Lindner, 1938= Hermionepardalinavar.nigrifrons Szilady, 1941= Hermionemorrisivar.bohemica Hrbacek, 1945= Hermionearmata Vaillant, 1950= Hermionepardalinavar.depressa Vaillant & Delhom, 1956= Hermionepardalinavar.alticola Vaillant & Delhom, 1956= New records. Oued Abou Bnar Muscarara Scopoli, 1763= Muscatardigradus M. Harris, 1778= Stratiomysmaculata Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785= Oxycerapulchella Meigen, 1822= Hermionepulchellavar.similis = North African literature record. Algeria: Aur\u00e8s Mountains, Arris Hermionetenebricosa Vaillant, 1952= World distribution. Only known in North Africa from Algeria: Atlas de Blida Hermionetorrentium Vaillant, 1950= World distribution. Only known in North Africa from Algeria: Atlas of Bilda, La Chiffa, Aur\u00e8s Mountains Muscagraeca Pontoppidan, 1763= Muscatrilineata Linnaeus, 1767= Muscahypoleon Linnaeus, 1767= Stratiomysfasciata Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785= Oxyceraproxima Loew, 1873= Oxyceratrilineatavar.collaris Brunetti, 1889= Hermionetrilineatassp.transfasciata Pleske, 1925= Hermionetrilineatassp.ferghanensis Pleske, 1925= Hermioneucrainica Paramonov, 1926= Hermionebucheti S\u00e9guy, 1930= Hermionetrilineatassp.angustistomata Lindner, 1938= PageBreakHermionetrilineatavar.biroi Szilady, 1941= Hermionetrilineatavar.sajoi Szilady, 1941= Hermionetrilineatavar.algira Vaillant, 1950= New locality. Morocco, Rif: Daya A\u00efn Jdioui Eulaliaalolena S\u00e9guy, 1930= World distribution. Only known in North Africa from Morocco: Casablanca, Tangier, Mahaidja, A\u00efn Leuh Eulaliaangulata Panzer, 1798= Stratiomysangulata Panzer, 1798= Stratiomysvulpina Panzer, 1798= Stratiomyshydropota Meigen, 1822= Odontomyialatifaciata Macquart, 1834= Stratiomysbrevicornis Loew, 1840= Stratiomysbrevicornis Loew, 1840= Stratiomysruficornis Zetterstedt, 1842= Odontomyiahydrophila Loew, 1846= North African literature records. Morocco: Tangier Eulaliadisciclara S\u00e9guy, 1929= World distribution. Only known in North African from Algeria: Touggourt Eulalia (Odontomyia) discolor Loew, 1897= Odontomyialimbata Macquart in Lucas, 1849= North African literature records. Morocco: Tangier Stratiomysflavissima Rossi, 1790= Stratiomysdecora Wiedemann in Meigen, 1822= Stratiomysinfoscata Meigen, 1830= Odontomyiasemiviolacea Brull\u00e9, 1833= Odontomyianigripes Macquart, 1847= Odontomyialimbipennis Macquart, 1847= Odontomyialaufferi Strobl in Czemy & Strobl, 1909= North African literature records. Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia Stratiomyslimbata Wiedemann in Meigen, 1822= Clitellariapacifica Wiedemann in Meigen, 1822= Opseogymnusflavosignata A. Costa, 1857= New locality. Morocco, Rif: Lac Ametrasse, 2\u2642\u26421\u2640, 28/IV/2015; A\u00efn Sidi Brahim Ben Arrif, 4\u2642\u2642, 23/IV/2015; Daya Afrate Eulaliamicrocera S\u00e9guy, 1930= World distribution. Only known in North Africa from Morocco: Mekn\u00e8s Stratiomysviridula Fabricius, 1775= Stratiomyscanina Panzer, 1798= Stratiomysjejuna Schrank, 1803= Muscajejuna Schrank in Gistl, 1837= Odontomyiadentata Meigen, 1804= Odontomyiaholosericea Olivier, 1811= Odontomyialunata Olivier, 1811= Stratiomyssubvittata Meigen, 1822= Stratiomysbimaculata Meigen, 1835= Stratiomysbimaculata Meigen, 1838= Odontomyiapersonata Loew, 1846= Odontomyiainterrupta Loew, 1846= Odontomyiaheydenii Jaennicke, 1866= Odontomyiaatrata Verrall, 1909= North African literature record. Algeria Hirtealongicornis Scopoli, 1763= Muscatenebricus M. Harris, 1778= Stratiomysstrigata Fabricius, 1781= Stratiomystomentosa Schrank, 1803= Stratiomysvillosa Meigen, 1804= Stratiomysnubeculosa Meigen, 1804= Stratiomysthoracica Fabricius, 1805= Stratiomyshirtuosa Meigen, 1830= Stratiomysanubis = Stratiomyiaflavifrons Macquart, 1838= Stratiomysstrigatavar.pallida Loew, 1840= Stratiomyslambessiana   : 62Stratiomysflavolimbata   : 60Stratiomyiasegnis = Hirteaefflatouni   : 58-59Stratiomyia (Hirtea) surcoufi   : 64Hirteasurcoufi = Stratiomyialongicornisssp.palaestinensis Lindner, 1937= Stratiomyia (Hirtea) longicornisssp.flavoscutellata Lindner, 1940= North African literature records. Morocco: Casablanca Muscasingularius Harris, 1776= Stratiomysfurcata Fabricius, 1794= Stratiomyspanthaleon Fallen, 1817= Stratiomysriparia Meigen, 1822= Stratiomyspaludosa Siebke, 1863= North African literature record. Egypt = New locality. Morocco, Rif: Daya Afrate . Recently, Mason and Rozko\u0161n\u00fd (2003) have described the female.The species is recorded from Izelfane in Morocco. This finding is very interesting, as it represents the first record from North Africa of a supposed endemic species of Greece.Nemotelusdentatus Becker, 1902World distribution. Only known in North Africa from Egypt: El Alagto Marg = Nemotelusbalearicus Lindner, 1937= Nemoteluszernyi Lindner, 1937= North African literature record. Egypt Muscapantherina Linnaeus, 1758= Stratiomysalbipes Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785= PageBreakStratiomysmarginellus Thunberg, 1789= Muscamarginella Gmelin, 1790= Nemotelusnigritus Meigen, 1804= Nemotelusmarginellus Fallen, 1817= Nemotelusnigritus Meigen, 1822= Nemotelus Jraternus Loew, 18 46= Nemotelusgracilis Loew, 1846= Nemotelussatunini Pleske in Lindner, 1937= Nemoteluszelleri Pleske in Lindner, 1937= Nemotelusalbirostris Szilady, 1941= Nemoteluscaucasicus Nartshuk, 1969= Nemoteluspunctirostris Lindner, 1974= North African literature record. Morocco: Tangier ( Tangier : 59, Mor Tangier : 320.World distribution. Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Yugoslavia (goslavia : 320; Sagoslavia : 521.Nemotelusproboscideus Loew, 1846Nemoteluspunctatus Fabricius, 1794= Nemotelusalgericus Jaennicke, 1866= North African literature records. Morocco, Tunisia ( Tunisia : 139; Al Tunisia : 321.World distribution. Italy (n. Italy : 321.Nemoteluspunctiventris Becker 1902World distribution. Only known in North Africa from Egypt (om Egypt : 100\u2013101Nemotelussubuliginosus Rozkosny, 1974World distribution. Only known in North Africa from Morocco: Tangier ( Tangier : 322.PageBreakNemotelusventralis Meigen, 1830World distribution. Only known in North Africa from Morocco ( Morocco : 146, Mo Morocco : 323.Nemotelusnigrinus Fallen, 1817Nemoteluscarneus Walker, 1849= Nemoteluscrassus Loew, 1863= Nemotelusunicolor Loew, 1863= Nemoteluscarbonarius Loew, 1869= North African literature record. Morocco ( Morocco : 326.World distribution. Nearctic: Canada, USA. Neotropical: Mexico. Palaearctic: Afghanistan, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, China, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tibet, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (goslavia : 326, Tugoslavia : 110."}
+{"text": "The correct spelling of last author's name is provided and replaced online which is mentioned as under:Srisurapanont Manit, Mok Yee Ming, Yang Yen Kuang, Chan Herng-Nieng, Della Constantine D, Zainal, Nor Zuraida, Jambunathan Stephen, Amir Nurmiati, Kalita PranabThe wrong spelling was: Srisurapanont Manit, Mok Yee Ming, Yang Yen Kuang, Chan Herng-Nieng, Della Constantine D, Zainal, Nor Zuraida, Jambunathan Stephen, Amir Nurmiati, Kalita Pranabi"}
+{"text": "Non-Coding RNA would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016. The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these intiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Non-Coding RNA, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Non-Coding RNA in 2016:Alahari, Suresh K.Gregory, Brian D.Polacek, NorbertAlmeida, MariaGupta, AnkitRiley, Kasandra J.Atianand, Maninjay K.Gupta, Sachin KumarSantulli, GaetanoBaluska, FrantisekHagiwara, KeitaroSaville, BarryBao, GuanhuiHayden, EricShen, XiaopeiBerindan-Neagoe, IoanaHiroshi, NakayamaTang, BenjaminBlanco, EnriqueJaeger, LucTaube, JoeBlin, KaiJiang, WeiUchida, ShizukaCarpenter, SusanKudla, GrzegorzVerjovski, SergioCatapano, Carlo VLiu, YunhuaWilliams, CeciliaCaudron, MaiwenLiu, ChangningXiao, JunDunoyer, PatriceMorris, Kevin V.Xuan, ZhenyuEl-Osta, AssamMoss, WalterYang, JianHuaFabbri, MullerOno, MotoharuYou, Zhu-HongFiannaca, Antonino\u00d8rom, Ulf AnderssonYu, BinGajula, RajendraPatil, DeepakZhang, LeiGao, JianzhaoPeng, YuZhong, GuocaiThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports7: Article number: 4088310.1038/srep40883; published online: 01202017; updated: 05262017In this Article, Affiliation 6 is incorrectly listed as \u2018Venomtech, Sophie-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France\u2019. The correct affiliation is listed below:VenomeTech, Sophie-Antipolis, 06560, Valbonne, France."}
+{"text": "MEETING PROGRAMAvailable on\u2010line atwww.aapm.org/meetlngs/2016SCM/ChairJessica B. Clements, MSKaiser Permanente Los Angeles, CAVice ChairMichael Howard, PhDSarah Cannon Cancer Center Chattanooga, TNTrack DirectorsTherapy TrackJean M. Moran, PhDUniversity Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor, MIKyle J. Antes, MSPresbyterian Healthcare System Dallas, TXBrian Wang, PhDUniversity Louisville Louisville, KYProfessional TrackMichael Howard, PhDSarah Cannon Cancer Center Chattanooga, TNBrent C. Parker, PhDUniversity Texas Medical Branch of Galveston Galveston, TXDiagnostic TrackDustin Gress, MSMD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TXJeffrey M. Moirano, MSUniversity of Washington Seattle, WAMammography TrackJessica B. Clements, MSKaiser Permanente Los Angeles, CAYoung Investigator ProgramJean M. Moran, PhDUniversity Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor, MIJeffrey M. Moirano, MSUniversity of Washington Seattle, WA"}
+{"text": "The affiliation listed for J\u00e9r\u00f4me Bugeon is incorrect. The correct affiliation is: LPGP, INRA, Rennes, France.There are errors in the Author Contributions. The publisher apologizes for these errors. Please view the correct contributions below.Conceptualization: Antti Kause, Marc Vandeputte, Martin Kocour.Data curation: Martin Prchal, Antti Kause.Formal analysis: Martin Prchal, Antti Kause.Funding acquisition: Antti Kause, Marc Vandeputte, Martin Kocour.Investigation: Martin Prchal, Marc Vandeputte, David Gela, Jean-Michel Allamellou, Girish Kumar, Anastasia Bestin, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Bugeon, Jinfeng Zhao, Martin Kocour.Methodology: Antti Kause, Marc Vandeputte, Martin Kocour.Project administration: Antti Kause, Marc Vandeputte, Martin Kocour.Resources: Antti Kause, Marc Vandeputte, David Gela, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Bugeon, Martin Kocour.Supervision: Antti Kause, Marc Vandeputte, Martin Kocour.Validation: Martin Prchal, Antti Kause, Marc Vandeputte, Martin Kocour.Visualization: Martin Prchal, Antti Kause, Martin Kocour.Writing\u2013original draft: Martin Prchal, Antti Kause, Marc Vandeputte, Martin Kocour.Writing\u2013review & editing: Martin Prchal, Antti Kause, Marc Vandeputte, David Gela, Jean-Michel Allamellou, Girish Kumar, Anastasia Bestin, J\u00e9r\u00f4me Bugeon, Jinfeng Zhao, Martin Kocour."}
+{"text": "Dr. Kirtan Upadhyaya is not included in the author byline. He should be listed as the sixth author, and his affiliation is 1: Bayes Impact, Technology 501(c)(3) Non-profit, San Francisco, California, United States of America. The contributions of this author are as follows: Conceptualization, Investigation, Validation, and Writing \u2013 Review & Editing.The last five authors, Aleksandr Nisnevich, Everett Wetchler, Sylvia Sudat, Eric Liu, and Kirtan Upadhyaya, should be noted as contributing equally to this work.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181173.The correct citation is: Jamei M, Nisnevich A, Wetchler E, Sudat S, Liu E, Upadhyaya K (2017) Predicting all-cause risk of 30-day hospital readmission using artificial neural networks. PLoS ONE 12(7): e0181173."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports7: Article number: 4076310.1038/srep40763; published online: 01182017; updated: 02232017The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of authors Rodolfo Mastropasqua, Lisa Toto, Luca Di Antonio, Enrico Borrelli, Alfonso Senatore, Marta Di Nicola, Giuseppe Di Martino and Marco Ciancaglini, which were incorrectly given as Mastropasqua Rodolfo, Toto Lisa, Di Antonio Luca, Borrelli Enrico, Senatore Alfonso, Di Nicola Marta, Di Martino Giuseppe, Ciancaglini Marco respectively.These errors have now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of this Article."}
+{"text": "The correct name is: Rachel Joy Jolley. The correct citation is: Xu Y, Li N, Lu M, Dixon E, Myers RP, Jolley RJ, et al. (2017) The effects of patient cost sharing on inpatient utilization, cost, and outcome. PLoS ONE 12(10): e0187096."}
+{"text": "Due to an error introduced during typesetting of this article , the aut1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Korea.2. R&D Center, Wearable Healthcare, 16954 Gyeonggi-do, Korea.3. Research Division, NanoEnTek, 08389 Seoul, Korea.4. Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Korea.5. College of Pharmachy, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul Korea.6. Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Korea."}
+{"text": "There is an error in affiliation 1 for authors Hai Sun, Piyush Kalakoti, Kanika Sharma, Jai Deep Thakur, Rimal H. Dossani, Devi Prasad Patra, Hesam Akbarian-Tefaghi, Frank Farokhi, Christina Notarianni, Bharat Guthikonda, and Anil Nanda. Affiliation 1 should be: Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America. The publisher apologizes for this error."}
+{"text": "Journal of Fungi would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015. The editors of the We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. In addition, MDPI has launched a collaboration with Publons, a website that seeks to publicly acknowledge reviewers on a per journal basis. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make.Akins, RobertHay, Roderick J.Nevez, GillesAverill, ColinHaydoura, SouhaNouri, KeyvanBarnhart, KirstinHeinz, Werner J.Orlovich, DavidBhatia, NealHoenigl, MartinPapini, ManuelaBubici, GiovanniIdelevich, Evgeny A.Perlin, DavidChao, Sheau-chiouIorizzo, MatildePfaller, Michael A.Chaturvedi, AshokIson, Michael G.Phillips, Lori A.Choi, Jong SooJaijakul, SirayaPullarkat, VinodCogliati, MassimoKhachemoune, AmorRanque, St\u00e9phaneColom, M. FranciscaKouvelis, Vassili N.Reales-Calder\u00f3n, Jose AntonioDaeschlein, GeorgKranabetter, J. MartyRich, PhoebeDaniel, Carlton Ralph C.Lanternier, FannyRoilides, EmmanuelDemirev, PlamenLauto, AntonioSaville, Stephen P.Enk, Claes D.Lavergne, Rose-AnneStarace, MichelaEsper\u00f3n, FernandoLetang, EmilioSturtevant, JoyEspinel-Ingroff, AnaLipner, Shari R.Sukdeo, NicoleFranco-Paredes, CarlosLopez-Llorca, LuisSuz, Laura M.Garcia-Diaz, JuliaMack, MeganTeichtahl, AndrewGhannoum, Mahmoud A.Markinson, BryanTorbett, BruceGiashuddin, ShahMartin, RonnyWainwright, MarkGrim, Shellee A.McKenney, JennieWalsh, Thomas J.Gupta, Aditya K.Morgado, Luis N.Weese, ScottHagen, FerryMorton, Charles OliverZaias, Nardo"}
+{"text": "The correct names are provided and replaced online which is mentioned as under:Abraham M Shultz, Sangmook Lee, Mary Guaraldi, Thomas B. Shea, Holly A. YancoThe original names was:Abraham M Shultz, Sangmook Lee, Mary Guaraldi, Thomas B. Shea, Holly C. Yanco"}
+{"text": "AbstractActinopterygii, Chondrichthyes, Sarcopterygii) collected in South America, mostly from the Brazilian Amazon. The ichthyology collections of the Museu Paraense Em\u00edlio Goeldi (MPEG: http://www.museu-goeldi.br/) include specimens collected between 1900 and 2014. The dataset is now available for public consultation on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility portal (http://www.gbif.org/dataset/b0059a3a-5cab-4a08-8d14-d92c23378e43), and through Sistema de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o sobre a Biodiversidade Brasileira (http://gbif.sibbr.gov.br/explorador/pt/recurso/62).This dataset contains information on the occurrence of Neotropical fishes ( Museu Paraense Em\u00edlio Goeldi (MPEG), or Goeldi Museum, located in Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1, Brazil, is a federal research institution within the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Communication (MCTIC). The Goeldi Museum is the site of the first Amazonian fish collection in Brazil with specimens dating as far back as the end of the nineteenth century.The MPEG focused on systematics, taxonomy, and biogeography. Due to its wide geographic range and representation of Amazonian fish diversity, over 60 scientific papers have been published over the last ten years based on specimens and types deposited in the Goeldi collections. The MPEG collections are most representative of the Brazilian Amazon, but also contain records of fishes collected in four other neotropical countries . According to The ichthyology collections of the Goeldi Museum receive and preserve material evidence, including specimens and associated data and metadata collected in the field, for research and educational purposes. The collections are a source of information and material used by national and international researchers as well as students of two post-graduate programs at PageBreakalike. More often than not such information is not easily available for policy makers, thus hindering scientifically based management decisions .The aim of this paper is to describe and synthesize information about Amazon fish biodiversity represented in the Goeldi Museum collections, providing summaries about taxonomic coverage and geographical distribution in order to facilitate rapid and dynamic access to the records present at With these factors in mind, the digitization of the Goeldi fish collections began in 2003, and records were initially inserted into Excel software; in 2009, they were transferred to Specify (SPECIFY SOFTWARE 6). All records have now been computerized, and are available to the scientific community and general public in the Sistema de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o sobre a Biodiversidade Brasileira  and in GSiBBr and GBIFData published through : http://www.gbif.org/dataset/3bc27e57-a84d-4e0c-ba0d-9dbba8299674; http://gbif.sibbr.gov.br/explorador/pt/recurso/62Project title: Computerization of the ichthyological collection of the MPEG.Personnel: Tim\u00f3teo Monteiro da Silva (student), Marcos Paulo Alves de Sousa (head of informatics), Wolmar Benjamin Wosiacki (curator), Juliana Corr\u00eaa dos Santos (student), Victor Amazonas Viegas Ferreira (student), Lorran Alves da Cruz Ramos (student).Funding: Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia, Inova\u00e7\u00e3o e Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o (MCTIC); Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa (CNPq).General description of taxonomic coverage:MPEG includes 260,000 specimens, distributed in 25,874 lots, representing 28 orders, 102 families, 506 genera, and 1710 species. All species in the collection belong to the classes Actinopterygii, Chondrichthyes, and Sarcopterygii. The three most common orders are Characiformes with 600 species in 13,560 lots, Silurifomes with 389 species in 5,290 lots, and Cichlidae with 211 species in 3,437 lots.The taxonomic organization of the collection followed Among these are found 263 type specimens of which 33 are holotypes and 227 are paratypes. 261 of the 263 type specimens were collected during the last 15 years.PageBreakAll type species found in the collection are detailed below:List of species with holotype and paratype in the collection:Acestridiumtriplax, Archolaemusorientalis, Aspidorasgabrieli, Aspidorasmarianae, Characidiumnana, Characidiumpapachibe, Corydorasurucu, Cyphocharaxaninha, Eigenmanniaantonioi, Eigenmanniadesantanai, Eigenmanniaguairaca, Eigenmanniamuirapinima, Eigenmanniapavulagem, Hemigrammusarua, Hemigrammusdiagonicus, Hyphessobryconmontagi, Hypomasticuslineomaculatus, Hypopygusbenoneae, Ituglanisina, Stenolicmusix, Tatiacaxiuanensis, Tetranematichthysbarthemi, Tometesancylorhynchus, Tometescamunani, Tometeskranponhah, Trichomycterusguaraquessaba, Trichomycterusigobi, Trichomycterusmboycy, Trichomycterusnaipi, Trichomycteruspapilliferus, Trichomycterusplumbeus, Trichomycterustaroba, Xenurobryconvarii.List of species with only paratype in the collection:Adontosternarchusduartei, Anchoviellajuruasanga, Ancistruskrenakarore, Ancistrusranunculus, Apteronotuslindalvae, Apteronotussoneiro, Archolaemusferreirai, Archolaemusjaneae, Archolaemusluciae, Archolaemussantosi, Aspidorasgabrieli, Aspidorasmarianae, Astroblepusnettoferreirai, Baryancistruschrysolomus, Baryancistrusxanthellus, Bryconamericuspinnavittatus, Centromochlusorca, Chaetostomajegui, Crenicichlaanamiri, Cyphocharaxjagunco, Cyphocharaxlundi, Eigenmanniamatintaperera, Eigenmanniameeki, Eigenmanniasayona, Eigenmanniawaiwai, Furcodontichthysnovaesi, Hassargabiru, Hassarshewellkeimi, Hypostomusdelimai, Hypostomushoplonites, Ituglanisgoya, Jupiabacitrina, Leporinusmultimaculatus, Moenkhausiacelibela, Moenkhausiachlorophthalma, Moenkhausiaeurystaenia, Moenkhausiamikia, Moenkhausiapetymbuaba, Moenkhausiaplumbea, Nemuroglanisfurcatus, Parotocinclushalbothi, Peckoltiacompta, Peckoltiafeldbergae, Phallobryconsynarmacanthus, Physopyxisananas, Polycentrusjundia, Scoloplaxbaskini, Synbranchuslampreia, Trichomycterusanhanga, Trichomycterusbalios, Trichomycteruscachiraensis, Trichomycteruscrassicaudatus, Trichomycteruspoikilos, Trichomycterustrefauti, Trichomycterustupinamba, Tyttobryconmarajoara.Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClasses: Actinopterygii, Chondrichthyes, SarcopterygiiOrders: Atheriniformes, Batrachoidiformes, Beloniformes, Carcharhiniformes, Characiformes, Chimaeriformes, Clupeiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Elopiformes, Gasterosteiformes, Gobiesociformes, Gymnotiformes, Lepidosireniformes, Lophiiformes, Mugiliformes, Myliobatiformes, Osmeriformes, Osteoglossiformes, Cichliformes, Pleuronectiformes, Pristiformes, Rajiformes, Scorpaeniformes, Siluriformes, Squaliformes, Synbranchiformes, Syngnathiformes, Tetraodontiformes \" and \"Global Biodiversity Information Facility\" (GBIF) using an export tool from Specify Software and \"Integrated Publishing Toolkit\" (IPT) from GBIF which uses the Darwin core Standard version 1.4. The data was imported and published as per the schematic illustration below  nets, matapis, dip nets, sieves, harpoons, snorkeling, diving, etc.Quality control description: The most recent taxonomic organization of the collection followed PageBreaksuch that representative groups of the collection, for example, Cichlidae do not belong to Cichliformes. The identification of genus and species still follows the bibliography in Eschmeyeret et al. (2016), but all the data will be updated to 2, air-conditioned to 22\u00b0C. The specimens are fixed in formalin for 50 hours and transferred into a 70% ethanol solution for permanent storage.The curatorial protocol involves receiving material that is identified and labelled, while data and metadata are digitized and deposited in a two story collection room measuring 192 mThe process for the preservation of bone and cartilage samples is based on Object name: Darwin Core Archive Museu Paraense Em\u00edlio Goeldi - ichthyology collectionCharacter encoding: UTF-8Format name: Darwin Core Archive formatFormat version: 11.2Distribution: http://ipt.museu-goeldi.br/ipt/resource?r=museu_paraense_emilio_goeldi_ictiology_collectionand;http://www.gbif.org/dataset/3bc27e57-a84d-4e0c-ba0d-9dbba8299674Publication date of data: 2015-01-21Language: PortugueseLicenses of use: This dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 License .Metadata language: EnglishDate of metadata creation: 2014-08-01Hierarchy level: Dataset"}
+{"text": "The correct names, respectively, are: Henrik Salje, Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer, and In-Kyu Yoon. Also, the ninth author's name is spelled incorrectly. The correct name is: Bridget Wills. The correct citation is: Hoang Quoc C, Salje H, Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Yoon IK, Chau NVV, Hung NT, et al. (2016) Synchrony of Dengue Incidence in Ho Chi Minh City and Bangkok. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10(12): e0005188. doi:"}
+{"text": "AbstractBrachiopoda from Greece have been included in publications on the Mediterranean brachiopod fauna. These records were mostly based on material collected during marine expeditions in the eastern Mediterranean decades ago, while few recent additional records appear in ecological studies. The aim of this paper was to give the first checklist of brachiopod species of Greece, in the framework of the Greek Taxon Information System (GTIS) initiative of the LifeWatchGreece Research Infrastructure (ESFRI), by reviewing the existing literature.Until today, only scattered species records of Twelve brachiopod species have been found in Greek waters so far. The nomenclature, distribution, fossil records, ecology, and literature sources are discussed for each species. Brachiopoda North Aegean, South Aegean, Levantine Sea, Ionian SeaPleistocene, Pliocene, HoloceneRecorded by NovocraniaturbinataN.turbinata. See discussion. Doubtful species, may be a synonym of South AegeanHoloceneRecorded by Levantine SeaPleistocene, Pliocene, HoloceneRecorded by North Aegean, South Aegean, Levantine Sea, Ionian SeaPleistocene, Pliocene, Miocene, HoloceneMadrepora-Lophelia rudstone, gravel, shells, detritus, coarse sand, muddy sand, mud. Depth: 29-762 m.Recorded by South Aegean, Levantine Sea, Ionian SeaPleistocene, HoloceneRecorded by North Aegean, South Aegean, Levantine Sea, Ionian SeaPleistocene, HoloceneRecorded by North Aegean, South Aegean, Levantine Sea, Ionian SeaPleistocene, Pliocene, HoloceneRecorded by North Aegean, South Aegean, Levantine Sea, Ionian SeaPleistocene, Pliocene, HoloceneRecorded by Levantine SeaHoloceneRecorded by PlatidiadavidsoniP.anomioides. See discussion. Doubtful species, may be a synonym of North AegeanHoloceneRecorded by North Aegean, South Aegean, Levantine Sea, Ionian SeaHoloceneMadrepora-Lophelia rudstone, Lophelia-Madrepora rubble, pelagic mudstone and wackestone, silty sand, sandy mud, mud. Depth: 130-2,133 m.Recorded by North AegeanHoloceneRecorded by Brachiopoda of Greece comprises 12 species classified into 9 genera, 6 families, 2 orders, and 2 classes. Novocraniaturbinata and Platidiadavidsoni have been included in the list as doubtful species. N.turbinata and N.anomala, which had been synonymized for a long period. P.davidsoni with P.anomioides has been also questioned . Thus, we chose to keep the two species in the list until their status is completely clarified.The checklist of Gwyniacapsula  to bathyal muddy bottoms and deep-water coral facies.In the Greek seas, Overall, the brachiopod fauna of the Greek seas comprises 85% of the Mediterranean brachiopod species, being considerably richer than in the other countries of the eastern basin: 5 species have been reported to date from Turkey , Cyprus,Supplementary material 1Brachiopoda of GreeceChecklist of Data type: Taxonomic checklistBrachiopoda known to occur in Greek waters.Brief description: Taxonomic checklist of File: oo_97945.xlsVasilis Gerovasileiou, Nicolas Bailly"}
+{"text": "Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (JCDD) would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (JCDD, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for JCDD in 2016:Adams, Dany SpencerGarrity, DeborahOcorr, KarenAgopian, A. J.Hachiya, HitoshiOhuchi, HideoAlexander, MarkHarvey, RichardPan\u00e1kov\u00e1, DanielaAndelfinger, GregorHeideman, WarrenPandur, PetraAnderson, RobertHoppler, StefanPasquie, Jean-LucAngelini, PaoloHospital, CentralPeral, Susana CanteroAr\u00e1nega, AmeliaIshikawa, KiyotakePerrin, LaurentBakkers, JeroenIstvan, BaczkoQian, LiBartulos, OscarJacobs, RogerRavichandran, AshwinBlack, Brian L.Jay, Patrick Y.Reim, IngolfBouveret, RomaricJa\u017awi\u0144ska, AnnaRentschler, StaceyBrand, ThomasJoseph, JacobSkinner, JonathanBressan, MichaelKang, Bum-YongStingone, JeanetteCabrera-Fuentes, HectorKasahara, HidekoSullivan, Patrick M.Caputo, MassimoKeller, Bradley B.Swenne, CeesCedars, AriKelly, RobertTan, LarenChen, Wen-PinKrieg, PaulTanios, MagedChirumbolo, SalvatoreLarsen, Lars AllanTomita-Mitchell, AoyCripps, RichardLazzeri, ChiaraVan Eys, Guillaume J.Czubryt, Michael P.Lee, Kyu-HoVolk, TalilaDe Vecchis, RenatoLien, EllenWachten, DagmarDistel, MartinLincoln, JoyWatanabe, MichikoDomian, Ibrahim J.Liu, AipingWaxman, JoshuaDuester, GreggLymperopoulos, AnastasiosWessells, RobertFragata, JoseMartin, InkenYan, BoFranco, DiegoMelkani, GirishYin, LiyaFraser, AlanMilting, HendrikZaffran, St\u00e9phaneFreeman, Jennifer L.Mizobuchi, MasahiroZhang, DonghuiFujimori, KoMuellerleile, KaiFukuda, DaijuNarayanan, AnandThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Owing to errors made by the authors, Charles J. Glueck, Kevin Lee, Marloe Prince, Vybhav Jetty, Parth Shah, and Ping Wang, the following article contains errors.J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2016;4(3):1-6. doi: 10.1177/2324709616661833Glueck CJ, Lee K, Prince M, et al. Four Thrombotic Events Over 5 Years, Two Pulmonary Emboli and Two Deep Venous Thrombosis, When Testosterone-HCG Therapy Was Continued Despite Concurrent Anticoagulation in a 55-Year-Old Man With Lupus Anticoagulant.  The following correction applies:The fifth author\u2019s name should have been mentioned as \u201cParth Shah\u201d instead of \u201cParth Shah, MD\u201d. The correct author list is given below.Charles J. Glueck, MD, Kevin Lee, MD, Marloe Prince, MD, Vybhav Jetty, MD, Parth Shah, and Ping Wang, PhD."}
+{"text": "There is an error in the XML that is causing the first, second, fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth authors\u2019 names to be indexed incorrectly. The names should be indexed as: Ribeiro SP, Milush JM, Kallas EG, Passero LF, Hunt PW, Deeks SG, and Nixon DF.INK4a Expression and Immunologic Aging in Chronic HIV Infection. PLoS ONE 11(11): e0166759. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166759.The citation is incorrect in the published article. The correct citation is: Ribeiro SP, Milush JM, Cunha-Neto E, Kallas EG, Kalil J, Passero LF et al. (2016) p16"}
+{"text": "Figures 5A\u2013D in the results section of Bosch et al. .A sentence in the description of h et al.  containeThis modification does not alter any of the results or claims arisen in the original article, while adds coherence across the manuscript.It should read:Figures 5A\u2013D).\u201d\u201cSpine and synapse sizes were distributed with a right-skewed curve, whereas sphericities distributed symmetrically around the means (Designed the project: CB, JD, AMe, ES; performed experiments: CB, AMa, NM, CT, IF, FU, EP, AMe; contributed with reagents/materials/analyses tools: CB, CT, IF, FU, EP, CL, JC, JD, AMe; analyzed the data: CB, AMa, ES; discussed the results and interpreted the data: CB, AMa, NM, CT, IF, FU, EP, CL, JC, JD, AMe, ES; wrote the article: CB, JDF, AMe, ES.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest."}
+{"text": "Medical Sciences would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015.The editors of We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. In addition, MDPI has launched a collaboration with Publons, a website that seeks to publicly acknowledge reviewers on a per journal basis. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make.Adler, Stuart P.Isman, Murray B.Patel, NimishBaumgartner, StefanJang, Tae-WonPilar Vinardell, Mar\u00edaBrudzynski, KatrinaJellinger, KurtReynisson, J\u00f3hannesCasalino, ElisabettaLee, SangyongRicceri, FulvioChae, HeeyoungLi, Hung-YuanRohe, Benjamin G.Chan, Ding-ChengManu, ManuSaleh, Mahmoud A.Christensen, Kathrine BMao, X. W.Sancho, TeresaChung, Wen-HsinMarano, Kristin M.Schmitt, U.Cimanga, KanyangaMarschalek, RolfSimmons, GrahamDandri, MauraMayer, GerhardTsujita, Takahirode Asmundis, CarloMhaouty-Kodja, STzang, Bor-ShowDollard, Sheila C.M\u00fcller, ThomasVieillard, VincentHerrero, Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9Ohkura, SatoshiVisioli, FrancescoHsu, Ping-NingOlaku, Oluwadamilola O.Imamura, FumiakiPark, Yong-Ki"}
+{"text": "Dear Editor,With great interest we read the article in the recent issue of JBRA by Besides the information on current media usage by IVF laboratories, There is a lot of information and discussions available on the development of modernculture media and its components. Specifically for the G-series media, the fullcomposition of an earlier version of the media has been published ;...\". All media for culture of embryos contain energy sourcessuch as pyruvate and lactate. These are fundamental components in media for embryoculture. There has been discussions on the requirements for glucose, but today there isconsensus that glucose is required and it is present in modern culture media. Morespecifically for the G-series media, the levels of energy sources required for embryoculture at the cleavage stage and blastocyst stage were determined based on measurementsin human oviducts, and uterine fluids collected at relevant time points of the menstrualcycle (Regarding albumin, A final statement we would like to comment on is: \"Salt and ions are present in most ofthem, but in case of Vitrolife...\". Ions are very important in any culture media. Theyhave important roles in different processes but are also the major contributor forobtaining the correct osmotic pressure that is crucial for proper development. As statedearlier, information about all components and thus also ions used in media fromVitrolife is available through different sources.For the sake of completeness, we hereby list in alphabetical order the components ofVitrolife media referred to by G-1: alanine, alanyl-glutamine, asparagine, aspartate, calcium chloride, EDTA,gentamicin, glucose, glutamate, glycine, hyaluronan, lipoic acid, magnesium sulphate,methionine, potassium chloride, proline, serine, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride,sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium lactate, sodium pyruvate, taurineand waterG-2: alanine, alanyl-glutamine, arginine, asparagine, aspartate, calcium chloride,calcium pantothenate, cystine, gentamicin, glucose, glutamate, glycine, histidine,hyaluronan, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, magnesium sulphate, methionine, phenylalanine,potassium chloride, proline, pyridoxine, riboflavin, serine, sodium bicarbonate, sodiumchloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium lactate, sodium pyruvate,thiamine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine and water G-1 PLUS and G-2 PLUS alsocontain human serum albumin.Studies such as the paper by"}
+{"text": "This report profiles the keynote talks given at ISMB03 in Brisbane, Australia by Ron Shamir, David Haussler, John Mattick, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Sydney Brenner, theOverton Prize winner, Jim Kent, and the ISCB Senior Accomplishment Awardee,David Sankov."}
+{"text": "Acta Cryst. (2009), E65, m438.Corrigendum to  Acta Cryst. (2009), E65, m438] is corrected.The author list in the paper by Tong, Hung, Wang, Lin & Lo [ Acta Cryst. (2009), E65, m438], the author list was incorrect. The correct author list is given above.In the paper by Tong, Hung, Wang, Lin & Lo ["}
+{"text": "Drosophila candidate genes for lipid droplet regulation by RNA interference (RNAi) screening with an image segmentation-based optical read-out system, and show that these regulatory functions are conserved in the mouse. Those include the vesicle-mediated Coat Protein Complex I (COPI) transport complex, which is required for limiting lipid storage. We found that COPI components regulate the PAT protein composition at the lipid droplet surface, and promote the association of adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL) with the lipid droplet surface to mediate lipolysis. Two compounds known to inhibit COPI function, Exo1 and Brefeldin A, phenocopy COPI knockdowns. Furthermore, RNAi inhibition of ATGL and simultaneous drug treatment indicate that COPI and ATGL function in the same pathway. These data indicate that the COPI complex is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of lipid homeostasis, and highlight an interaction between vesicle transport systems and lipid droplets.Lipid droplets are ubiquitous triglyceride and sterol ester storage organelles required for energy storage homeostasis and biosynthesis. Although little is known about lipid droplet formation and regulation, it is clear that members of the PAT  protein family coat the droplet surface and mediate interactions with lipases that remobilize the stored lipids. We identified key  Drosophila to identify candidate regulators of lipid storage and utilization, and have shown that many of these candidates have functions that are conserved in mammals. We focused our attention on a vesicle-trafficking pathway that we show is required for the modulation of the types of regulatory and enzymatic proteins found on the lipid droplet surface. Interfering with the function of this trafficking system with either RNA interference or small-molecule compounds alters lipid storage. The understanding of this new pathway, as well as the specific reagents we used, may ultimately lead to new therapeutics.Fat cells, and cells in general, convert fatty acids into triglycerides that are stored in droplets for future use. Despite the enormous importance of lipid droplets in obesity and other disease processes, we know very little about how lipid reserves in droplets are formed and how those reserves are drawn down. We have used the model fruit fly  Drosophila and mammalian cells.A specific vesicle-trafficking machine is shown to be required for cells to use stored lipid, in both Lipid homeostasis is critical in health and disease, but remains poorly understood (for review see ). Non-esLipid droplets are believed to form in the ER membrane by incorporating a growing TG core between the leaflets of the bilayer, and ultimately are released surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. Cytosolic lipid droplets possess a protein coat and grow by synthesis of TG at the lipid droplet surface  and by fDrosophila melanogaster  in addition to the recently proposed strictly standardized mean difference normalization [SSMDi = (xi \u2212 meanj)/square root (2/nj \u2212 2.5 \u00d7 ((nj \u2212 1) \u00d7 SDj2))]. Those related algorithms were supplemented with both a fitted linear model normalization using the Prada package   . The samDrosophila lipid regulating gene functions , and results  are additionally tabulated ; and Drosophila ), which showed excellent oleic acid feeding characteristics during RNAi assay development but inferior RNAi characteristics as compared to the Kc167 cells. S3 cells showed superior adherence during automated liquid handling in 1,536-well format. We dispensed 4 \u03bcl of cells at 1.25 \u00d7 106 cells/ml into LoBase Aurora COC 1,536-well plates  with a bottle-valve solenoid-based dispenser (Aurora) to obtain 5,000 cells/well. A total of 23 nl of compound solution of different concentrations were transferred to the assay plates using a Kalypsis pin tool equipped with a 1,536-pin array containing 10-nl slotted pins . One microliter of oleic acid (400 \u03bcM) was added, and the plate was lidded with stainless steel rubber gasket-lined lids containing pinholes. After 18\u201324-h incubation at 24 \u00b0C and 95% humidity, BODIPY 493/503 (Molecular Probes) was added to the wells to stain lipid droplets, and the Cell Tracker Red CMTPC dye (Molecular Probes) was added to enumerate cell number. Fluorescence was detected by excitation of the fluorophores with a 488-nm laser on an Acumen Explorer (TTP Lab Tech). The total intensity in channel 1 (500\u2013530 nm) reflected lipid droplet accumulation. Cells were detected using channel 3 (575\u2013640 nm) with 5-\u03bcm width and 100-\u03bcm depth filters. The ratio of the total intensity in PMT channel 1 over total intensity of channel 3 was also calculated. Percent activity was computed relative to an internal control (100% inhibited lipid droplet deposition due to the presence of 20 \u03bcM Triacsin C), which was added to 32 wells/plate.Small-molecule compound experiments were performed with embryonic 6 dpm/well, was included as a tracer. In lipolysis experiments, re-esterification of fatty acids in AML12 cells was prevented by including 10 \u03bcM Triacsin C (Biomol), an inhibitor of acyl coenzyme A synthetase [t test (GraphPad software).Measurements of NEFA released from lipid droplets or incorporated into the TG fraction were performed as previously described ,68,83. Bnthetase , in the nthetase , and 10%nthetase . AML12 cRabbit anti-TIP47 and goat anti-ADRP were used as previously published . AntibodCells were plated in four-well Lab-Tek chamber slides (Nunc) and incubated overnight with 400 \u03bcM oleic acid. In compound experiments, wells received vehicle (DMSO) or 5 \u03bcM BFA (10 mg/ml DMSO) treatment for 6 h. RNAi treatment prior to immunocytochemistry is outlined above. For ADRP and TIP47 staining, cells were fixed in 3% v/v paraformaldhyde/PBS for 15 min at room temperature. Staining was performed by published methods ,86. CellEight 100-mm dishes for each condition were treated with 400 \u03bcM oleic acid overnight and further treated with DMSO or BFA (5 \u03bcM) for 6 h on the next day. Cells were washed three times with phosphate buffered saline , scraped into PBS, and then pelleted by low-speed centrifugation. LD isolation was as reported . The lipTable S1(34 KB XLS)Click here for additional data file.Table S2(187 KB DOC)Click here for additional data file.Table S3(273 KB DOC)Click here for additional data file.Table S4(16 MB XLS)Click here for additional data file.Table S5(186 KB XLS)Click here for additional data file.Table S6(72 KB XLS)Click here for additional data file.Table S7(47 KB XLS)Click here for additional data file.Table S8(31 KB XLS)Click here for additional data file.Table S9(1 MB XLS)Click here for additional data file.Table S10(848 KB XLS)Click here for additional data file.Drosophila RNAi screen hits: FBgn0000028, FBgn0000042, FBgn0000114, FBgn0000339, FBgn0000489, FBgn0000547, FBgn0000567, FBgn0001186, FBgn0001204, FBgn0001301, FBgn0002878, FBgn0003048, FBgn0003118, FBgn0003339, FBgn0003380, FBgn0003392, FBgn0003462, FBgn0003557, FBgn0003607, FBgn0003691, FBgn0004167, FBgn0004187, FBgn0004401, FBgn0004587, FBgn0004595, FBgn0004611, FBgn0004652, FBgn0004797, FBgn0004838, FBgn0004856, FBgn0004879, FBgn0005411, FBgn0005626, FBgn0005630, FBgn0010083, FBgn0010215, FBgn0010355, FBgn0010638, FBgn0010750, FBgn0011571, FBgn0011701, FBgn0013746, FBgn0014020, FBgn0015320, FBgn0015818, FBgn0015919, FBgn0016926, FBgn0016940, FBgn0019643, FBgn0020611, FBgn0020908, FBgn0021768, FBgn0022246, FBgn0023143, FBgn0024285, FBgn0024308, FBgn0024555, FBgn0024754, FBgn0025638, FBgn0026206, FBgn0026317, FBgn0026620, FBgn0026722, FBgn0026878, FBgn0027495, FBgn0027589, FBgn0027885, FBgn0027951, FBgn0028360, FBgn0028420, FBgn0028982, FBgn0029123, FBgn0029526, FBgn0029661, FBgn0029731, FBgn0029766, FBgn0029824, FBgn0029850, FBgn0029873, FBgn0029935, FBgn0030075, FBgn0030077, FBgn0030087, FBgn0030093, FBgn0030189, FBgn0030244, FBgn0030390, FBgn0030434, FBgn0030492, FBgn0030608, FBgn0030872, FBgn0030904, FBgn0031008, FBgn0031030, FBgn0031031, FBgn0031074, FBgn0031093, FBgn0031232, FBgn0031390, FBgn0031518, FBgn0031626, FBgn0031673, FBgn0031816, FBgn0031836, FBgn0031888, FBgn0031894, FBgn0032049, FBgn0032340, FBgn0032351, FBgn0032360, FBgn0032363, FBgn0032388, FBgn0032454, FBgn0032622, FBgn0032800, FBgn0032868, FBgn0032945, FBgn0033155, FBgn0033160, FBgn0033541, FBgn0034071, FBgn0034402, FBgn0034646, FBgn0034709, FBgn0034839, FBgn0034946, FBgn0034967, FBgn0035085, FBgn0035136, FBgn0035294, FBgn0035546, FBgn0035569, FBgn0035631, FBgn0036274, FBgn0036374, FBgn0036470, FBgn0036556, FBgn0036734, FBgn0036761, FBgn0036811, FBgn0037024, FBgn0037149, FBgn0037178, FBgn0037250, FBgn0037278, FBgn0037304, FBgn0037568, FBgn0037920, FBgn0037924, FBgn0038168, FBgn0038191, FBgn0038343, FBgn0038359, FBgn0038391, FBgn0038592, FBgn0038633, FBgn0038662, FBgn0039054, FBgn0039941, FBgn0039959, FBgn0039997, FBgn0040279, FBgn0040291, FBgn0040369, FBgn0040534, FBgn0040651, FBgn0040777, FBgn0042693, FBgn0050126, FBgn0050470, FBgn0051313, FBgn0051374, FBgn0051632, FBgn0051814, FBgn0052056, FBgn0052062, FBgn0052112, FBgn0052121, FBgn0052150, FBgn0052202, FBgn0052352, FBgn0052397, FBgn0052440, FBgn0052635, FBgn0052704, FBgn0052710, FBgn0052711, FBgn0052970, FBgn0053207, FBgn0053500, FBgn0053516, FBgn0058413, FBgn0061200, FBgn0083976, FBgn0083992, FBgn0085381, FBgn0086441, FBgn0086674, FBgn0086899, FBgn0243486, FBgn0259162, FBgn0259169, FBgn0259171, FBgn0259217, FBgn0259228, FBgn0259240, FBgn0259243, FBgn0000008, FBgn0000100, FBgn0000116, FBgn0000212, FBgn0000409, FBgn0000492, FBgn0000636, FBgn0000986, FBgn0001133, FBgn0001216, FBgn0001217, FBgn0001218, FBgn0001942, FBgn0002023, FBgn0002590, FBgn0002593, FBgn0002607, FBgn0002906, FBgn0002921, FBgn0003031, FBgn0003060, FBgn0003209, FBgn0003277, FBgn0003279, FBgn0003360, FBgn0003600, FBgn0003687, FBgn0003701, FBgn0003941, FBgn0003942, FBgn0004110, FBgn0004922, FBgn0004926, FBgn0005593, FBgn0005614, FBgn0005630, FBgn0005648, FBgn0008635, FBgn0010078, FBgn0010220, FBgn0010348, FBgn0010352, FBgn0010391, FBgn0010409, FBgn0010410, FBgn0010412, FBgn0010431, FBgn0010612, FBgn0010808, FBgn0011211, FBgn0011272, FBgn0011284, FBgn0011701, FBgn0011726, FBgn0011745, FBgn0011837, FBgn0012034, FBgn0013275, FBgn0013276, FBgn0013277, FBgn0013278, FBgn0013279, FBgn0013325, FBgn0013981, FBgn0014020, FBgn0014857, FBgn0015024, FBgn0015288, FBgn0015393, FBgn0015756, FBgn0015774, FBgn0015778, FBgn0015834, FBgn0016120, FBgn0016694, FBgn0016926, FBgn0017397, FBgn0017545, FBgn0017566, FBgn0017579, FBgn0019624, FBgn0019886, FBgn0019936, FBgn0020129, FBgn0020386, FBgn0020439, FBgn0020910, FBgn0022343, FBgn0022935, FBgn0023170, FBgn0023171, FBgn0023213, FBgn0023531, FBgn0024150, FBgn0024330, FBgn0024733, FBgn0024939, FBgn0025286, FBgn0025582, FBgn0025724, FBgn0025725, FBgn0026262, FBgn0026666, FBgn0026741, FBgn0027321, FBgn0027348, FBgn0027615, FBgn0028530, FBgn0028867, FBgn0028968, FBgn0028969, FBgn0029088, FBgn0029161, FBgn0029504, FBgn0029761, FBgn0029799, FBgn0029822, FBgn0029860, FBgn0029897, FBgn0030025, FBgn0030088, FBgn0030174, FBgn0030259, FBgn0030341, FBgn0030384, FBgn0030386, FBgn0030606, FBgn0030610, FBgn0030669, FBgn0030692, FBgn0030696, FBgn0030726, FBgn0030915, FBgn0030951, FBgn0030990, FBgn0031300, FBgn0031392, FBgn0031545, FBgn0031696, FBgn0031771, FBgn0031842, FBgn0031980, FBgn0032053, FBgn0032215, FBgn0032261, FBgn0032330, FBgn0032400, FBgn0032518, FBgn0032587, FBgn0032596, FBgn0032619, FBgn0032656, FBgn0032675, FBgn0032833, FBgn0032987, FBgn0033029, FBgn0033081, FBgn0033085, FBgn0033282, FBgn0033313, FBgn0033341, FBgn0033368, FBgn0033379, FBgn0033403, FBgn0033591, FBgn0033652, FBgn0033699, FBgn0033902, FBgn0033912, FBgn0034020, FBgn0034258, FBgn0034487, FBgn0034488, FBgn0034537, FBgn0034579, FBgn0034649, FBgn0034751, FBgn0034902, FBgn0034948, FBgn0034968, FBgn0034987, FBgn0035276, FBgn0035315, FBgn0035422, FBgn0035562, FBgn0035563, FBgn0035638, FBgn0035699, FBgn0035753, FBgn0035872, FBgn0035976, FBgn0036135, FBgn0036213, FBgn0036288, FBgn0036343, FBgn0036351, FBgn0036360, FBgn0036398, FBgn0036449, FBgn0036462, FBgn0036492, FBgn0036532, FBgn0036534, FBgn0036576, FBgn0036613, FBgn0036728, FBgn0036820, FBgn0036825, FBgn0036895, FBgn0036990, FBgn0037010, FBgn0037028, FBgn0037093, FBgn0037097, FBgn0037098, FBgn0037102, FBgn0037207, FBgn0037249, FBgn0037270, FBgn0037356, FBgn0037415, FBgn0037429, FBgn0037529, FBgn0037546, FBgn0037559, FBgn0037566, FBgn0037610, FBgn0037637, FBgn0037752, FBgn0037813, FBgn0037912, FBgn0037942, FBgn0037955, FBgn0038049, FBgn0038074, FBgn0038131, FBgn0038281, FBgn0038345, FBgn0038538, FBgn0038628, FBgn0038629, FBgn0038734, FBgn0038760, FBgn0038881, FBgn0038996, FBgn0039205, FBgn0039214, FBgn0039302, FBgn0039359, FBgn0039402, FBgn0039404, FBgn0039464, FBgn0039520, FBgn0039580, FBgn0039857, FBgn0040007, FBgn0040010, FBgn0040233, FBgn0040512, FBgn0040529, FBgn0040634, FBgn0040766, FBgn0040793, FBgn0043001, FBgn0043904, FBgn0050007, FBgn0050290, FBgn0050387, FBgn0051158, FBgn0051284, FBgn0051291, FBgn0051302, FBgn0051354, FBgn0051361, FBgn0051450, FBgn0051453, FBgn0051554, FBgn0051613, FBgn0051754, FBgn0051774, FBgn0051847, FBgn0052050, FBgn0052105, FBgn0052179, FBgn0052193, FBgn0052219, FBgn0052311, FBgn0052600, FBgn0052633, FBgn0052720, FBgn0052733, FBgn0052773, FBgn0052778, FBgn0052797, FBgn0053128, FBgn0053147, FBgn0053256, FBgn0053271, FBgn0053300, FBgn0053319, FBgn0058337, FBgn0062412, FBgn0062413, FBgn0083950, FBgn0085392, FBgn0085408, FBgn0085424, FBgn0085436, FBgn0086710, FBgn0086712, FBgn0086758, FBgn0086904, FBgn0250791, FBgn0250814, FBgn0250834, FBgn0250908, FBgn0259113, FBgn0259212, FBgn0259232, and FBgn0259246.MGI:107807, MGI:107851, MGI:1333825, MGI:1334462, MGI:1335073, MGI:1351329, MGI:1353495, MGI:1354962, MGI:1858696, MGI:1861607, MGI:1891824, MGI:1891829, MGI:1913585, MGI:1914062, MGI:1914103, MGI:1914144, MGI:1914234, MGI:1914454, MGI:1915822, MGI:1916296, MGI:1917599, MGI:1929063, MGI:2385261, MGI:2385656, MGI:2387591, MGI:2388481, MGI:2443241, MGI:3041174, MGI:3694697, MGI:88192, MGI:95301, MGI:98342, and MGI:99431.Mouse genes with a confirmed function in lipid storage regulation:"}
+{"text": "The efficacy, safety and tolerability of lumiracoxib, a novel selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, has been demonstrated in previous studies of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). As it is important to establish the long-term safety and efficacy of treatments for a chronic disease such as OA, the present study compared the effects of lumiracoxib at doses of 100 mg once daily (o.d.) and 100 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) with those of celecoxib 200 mg o.d. on retention on treatment over 1 year.In this 52-week, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group study, male and female patients (aged at least 40 years) with symptomatic primary OA of the hip, knee, hand or spine were randomised (1:2:1) to lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. (n = 755), lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d.  or celecoxib 200 mg o.d. (n = 758). The primary objective of the study was to demonstrate non-inferiority of lumiracoxib at either dose compared with celecoxib 200 mg o.d. with respect to the 1-year retention on treatment rate. Secondary outcome variables included OA pain in the target joint, patient's and physician's global assessments of disease activity, Short Arthritis assessment Scale (SAS) total score, rescue medication use, and safety and tolerability.Retention rates at 1 year were similar for the lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d., lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. and celecoxib 200 mg o.d. groups . It was demonstrated that retention on treatment with lumiracoxib at either dose was non-inferior to celecoxib 200 mg o.d. Similarly, Kaplan-Meier curves for the probability of premature discontinuation from the study for any reason were similar across the treatment groups. All three treatments generally yielded comparable results for the secondary efficacy variables and all treatments were well tolerated.Long-term treatment with lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d., the recommended dose for OA, was as effective and well tolerated as celecoxib 200 mg o.d. in patients with OA.clinicaltrials.gov NCT00145301 Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common arthritis in adults, with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 9.6% for men and 18.0% for women aged at least 60 years ) or lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. (n = 2 [0.1%]) compared with celecoxib 200 mg o.d. (n = 3 [0.4]). The incidence of definite or probable upper or lower GI tract ulcer complications was very low . None of the suspected upper GI tract complications were confirmed as definite by the independent safety committee. Probable upper GI tract ulcer complications were reported with lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d.  and celecoxib 200 mg o.d. . The safety committee adjudicated two lower GI tract ulcer complications as definite .The number of patients with confirmed or probable CV/cerebrovascular events, defined using the APTC endpoint, was 3 (0.40%) with lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d., 6 (0.39%) with lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. and 2 (0.26%) with celecoxib 200 mg o.d. The event analysis by time interval is shown in Table ALT/AST elevations >3 \u00d7 ULN occurred at a higher frequency in patients treated with lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. (twice the recommended dose) (n = 35 [2.3%]) than with lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. (n = 11 [1.5%]) or celecoxib 200 mg o.d. (n = 3 [0.4%]). The type of injury was usually hepatocellular with some mixed and very few cases of pure cholestatic liver injury. The majority of patients affected were asymptomatic and none were clinically jaundiced. No 'Hy's' cases (ALT/AST >5 \u00d7 ULN and bilirubin >3 mg/dL), which are more predictive for severe liver outcome, were observed with lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d., and one case was observed with lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. after 143 days of treatment. An analysis by time intervals was performed and showed that, after short-term treatment (1\u201349 days), no cases of ALT/AST >3 \u00d7 ULN were observed with lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. (0.00%) compared with 4 0.26%) with lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. and 1 (0.13%) with celecoxib 200 mg o.d.  occurred in 16 patients (2.1%) treated with lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d., 26 patients (1.7%) receiving lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. and five patients (0.7%) treated with celecoxib 200 mg o.d. Notable increases in blood pressure, pulse or weight tended to occur less frequently with lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. than in the other two groups. Mean changes from baseline in systolic blood pressure were -2.2 mmHg with lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d., 0.1 mmHg with lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. and -0.3 mmHg with celecoxib 200 mg o.d. The corresponding changes from baseline for diastolic blood pressure were -1.1%, -0.5% and -0.1%. No patients in the lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. group experienced a notable increase in pulse rate  compared with 0.2% and 0.3% in the lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. and celecoxib 200 mg o.d. groups, respectively. Weight increases of over 5% from baseline were reported by 10.2% of the lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. group, 13.8% of the lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. group and 11.2% of the celecoxib 200 mg o.d. group.In the sensitivity analysis excluding data from the centre with major violations of GCP, there were no clinically relevant differences from the total ITT population for any efficacy variable. One-year retention rates for the ITT population excluding the 63 patients from this centre were comparable with those for the total ITT population, and there were no differences between these populations in Kaplan-Meier estimates for the probability of premature discontinuation from the study for any reason.A total of 10 of the 63 patients from the excluded centre reported AEs. Overall, proportions of patients with any AE or with specific AEs were similar to the total safety population. However, two of the patients from this centre were reported to have notable increases in liver function tests. Excluding the centre that was audited, the incidence of ALT/AST elevations (>3 \u00d7 ULN) probably or possibly related to study drug was 1.4% with lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d., 2.3% with lumiracoxib 100 mg b.i.d. (twice the recommended dose), and 0.4% with celecoxib 200 mg o.d.This large, randomised, double-blind study has demonstrated that lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d., the recommended dose for OA, was non-inferior to celecoxib 200 mg o.d. for retention on treatment at 1 year in patients with OA of the knee, hip, hand and spine. As this outcome variable is dependent on the number of treatment discontinuations, which mainly occur for insufficient efficacy and tolerability issues, it indicates that the overall efficacy and safety of lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. is comparable with that of celecoxib 200 mg o.d. Similar findings were observed with lumiracoxib at the higher dose of 100 mg b.i.d. Previous studies have reported that discontinuation rates are lower with selective COX-2 inhibitors compared with traditional NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen ,25. ThesBoth doses of lumiracoxib were associated with improvements similar to celecoxib in all secondary efficacy parameters. At Week 52, approximately 50% of patients in each treatment group assessed their OA target joint pain and disease activity to be reduced, with over half of physicians also reporting lower disease activity. SAS scores were improved in all three treatment groups and there were no statistically significant between-group differences in the use of rescue medication. Although the use of rescue medication was high across all three treatment groups, this would not be unexpected in a 1-year study.Lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. was also shown to be as well tolerated as celecoxib 200 mg o.d. in this large group of patients with OA over 1 year. The overall incidence and type of AEs for lumiracoxib at both doses were comparable with those observed with celecoxib 200 mg o.d., and as expected given the duration of the study and the population studied.The incidence of adjudicated CV/cerebrovascular events was very low across the treatment arms, supporting previous findings that lumiracoxib has a low risk of CV events that is comparable with NSAIDs. In TARGET, the incidence of non-fatal and silent MI, stroke, or CV death with lumiracoxib 400 mg o.d. was comparable with that observed with traditional NSAIDs, ibuprofen and naproxen . MoreoveLumiracoxib is indicated at a dose of 100 mg o.d. for chronic use in OA, and at doses of 200 mg or 400 mg o.d. for short-term use in acute pain indications. While liver toxicity is a known rare but serious side effect of all COX-2 inhibitors and traditional NSAIDs , there hGiven that OA pain may require treatment over extended periods of time, these findings demonstrating that lumiracoxib is efficacious and well tolerated over 1 year are important. The long-term efficacy, safety and tolerability profile of lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. compared with celecoxib 200 mg o.d. has also been evaluated previously in a 39-week, double-blind extension to a 13-week, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of patients with knee OA ,37. CompOne limitation of this study was related to an announcement after the study had started that there may be a possible increase in CV risk with celecoxib. To ensure patient safety, a protocol amendment to patient eligibility was implemented and 17% of randomised patients, who had an elevated CV risk, had to be discontinued. Although this accounted for a significant proportion of treatment discontinuations, similar to that attributed to insufficient efficacy or AEs, supportive analyses showed that this did not affect the relative distribution for retention on treatment across the treatment arms (data not shown). A second limitation of this study was the inclusion of patients from a centre that did not meet the required standards of clinical practice. However, a sensitivity analysis demonstrated that exclusion of data from this centre resulted in the efficacy and safety data similar to that observed for the total ITT population.In conclusion, these data show that lumiracoxib 100 mg o.d. was as effective and well tolerated as celecoxib 200 mg o.d. during long-term treatment of up to 1 year in patients with OA. Hence, lumiracoxib should be considered as a useful treatment option for the relief of OA pain.AEs, Adverse events; ALT Alanine aminotransferase; ANCOVA, Analysis of covariance; APTC, Antiplatelet Trialists' Collaboration; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; b.i.d., Twice daily; BMI, Body mass index; CI, Confidence interval; COX-1, Cyclooxygenase-1; COX-2, Cyclooxygenase-2; CV, Cardiovascular; CVA, Cerebrovascular accident; DSMB, Data Safety Management Board; ECG, Electrocardiogram; GCP, Good Clinical Practice; GI, Gastrointestinal; ITT, Intention-to-treat; LOCF, Last observation carried forward; LSM, Least squares means; MEDAL, Multinational Etoricoxib and Diclofenac Arthritis Long-term; MI, Myocardial infarction; NSAIDs, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; OA, Osteoarthritis; o.d., Once daily; RA, Rheumatoid arthritis; SAEs, Serious adverse events; SAS, Short Arthritis assessment Scale; SD, Standard deviation; TARGET, Therapeutic Arthritis and Gastrointestinal Event Trial; ULN, Upper limit of normal; WOMAC\u2122, Western Ontario and McMaster UniversitiesNeha P Patel is an employee of, and owns shares in, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA. Marianne Notter and Peter Sallstig are employees of, and own shares in, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.Jean-Yves Reginster has received consulting fees from Servier, Novartis, Negma, Lilly, Wyeth, Amgen, GlaxoSmithKline, Roche, Merckle, Nycomed, NPS, Theramex, lecturing fees from Merck Sharp and Dohme, Lilly, Rottapharm, IBSA, Genevrier, Novartis, Servier, Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Teijin, Teva, Ebewee Pharma, Zodiac, Analis, Theramex, Nycomed, Novo-Nordisk, and research grant support from Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Rottapharm, Teva, Lilly, Novartis, Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Amgen, Servier.Roy Fleischmann has received research grant support from Novartis, Pfizer, Amgen, Wyeth, Abbott, Centocor, Genentech, Roche, Lilly, USB and TAP. He has been a consultant for Novartis, Pfizer, Amgen, Wyeth, Abbott, Centocor, Genentech, Roche, USB and Lilly, He is a member of the Speakers Bureau for Amgen, Wyeth, Abbott, Genentech and Roche.Hyman Tannenbaum has received lecture and/or consulting fees from Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck-Frosst Canada, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, and Wyeth.J-YR, RF and HT were all investigators. PS was the Program Section Leader Phase III , NPP was the study Clinical Trial Leader and was involved in the conduct of the trial, and both were involved in the design of the trial. MN was the Trial Statistican, and was involved in study design and analysis of the data. All authors contributed to the development of the manuscript.Belgium: Dr F. d'Argent, Private Practice, Comines; Dr R. Leliaert, Private Practice, Tielt; Dr G. Mehuys, Private Practice, Tielt; Prof Dr J-Y Reginster, CHU Policlinique L.Brull, Li\u00e8ge; Dr H. Van Aerde, Private Practice, Genk; Dr P. Van Belle, Private Practice, Kraainem; Dr D. Vanroyen, Private Practice, Hasselt; Dr M. Veevaete, Private Practice, Bruxelles; Dr J. Vernijns, Private Practice, Genk; Dr G. Watt\u00e9, Private Practice, Tielt; Dr M. Wouters, CHIREC \u2013 Clinique du Parc L\u00e9opold, Bruxelles.Canada: Dr M. Awde, Murray Awde Medicine Professional Corporation, London, ON; Dr A. Bailey, BioQuest Research, Spruce Grove, AB; Dr A. Beaulieu, Clinique M\u00e9dicale St.-Louis, Ste-Foy, QC; Dr M. Bell, Sunnybrook & Women's College Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON; Dr W. Bensen, WynnTech Inc., Hamilton, ON; Dr W. Booth, Antigonish Clinical Trials, Antigonish, NS; Dr L. Breger, Kells Medical Research Group, Pointe-Claire, QC; Dr B. Carlson, North Road Medical Centre, Coquitlam, BC; Dr A. Chow, Credit Valley Prof Bldg, Mississauga, ON; Dr A. Cividino, Mac Research Inc., Hamilton, ON; Dr H. Conter, MSHJ Research Associates Inc., Halifax, NS; Dr D. Craig, Dr Donald Craig, St John, NB; Dr E. Dessouki, ADA Medical Ltd, Oshawa, ON; Dr L. Ferguson, Colchester Research Group, Truro, NS; Dr G. Girard, Novabyss Inc., Sherbrooke, QC; Dr B. Haraoui, Institut de Rhumatologie de Montreal, Montreal, QC; Dr R. Hart, White Hills Medical Clinic, St John's, NF; Dr E. Howlett, Lenore Centre Medical Centre, Saskatoon, SK; Dr C. Hudon, Unit\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine de famille, Chicoutimi, QC; Dr N. Hudson, PCT Networks Inc., Kelowna, BC; Dr S. Jaffer, Dr Shahin Jaffer Inc., Delta, BC; Dr J. Kooy, PCT Networks Inc., Penticton, BC; Dr M. Lafreniere, Clinique Medicale Pierre Bertrand, Vanier, QC; Dr S.Y. Lam, HAWSE Clinic, Calgary, AB; Dr B. Lasko, Manna Research, Toronto, ON; Dr J. Li, G.A. Research Associates Ltd, Moncton, NB; Dr F. Morin, Centre de Recherche Musculo-Squelettique, Trois-Rivieres, QC; Dr W. Olsheski, Albany Medical Clinic, Toronto, OH; Dr M. O'Mahony, London Road Diagnostic Clinic and Medical Centre, Sarnia, ON; Dr M. Omichinsky, Portage Clinical Studies, Portage La Prairie, MB; Dr J.-P. Ouellet, Q&T Research, Inc., Sherbrooke, QC; Dr B. Pynn, Clinical Research Consultant Group, Beaconsfield, QC; Dr B. Ramjattan, First Line Medical Services Ltd, St John's, NF; Dr J. Rodrigues, Dr Jude Rodrigues, Windsor, ON; Dr K. Saunders, McPhillips Medical Clinic, Winnipeg, NB; Dr K. Skeith, Allin Clinic, Edmonton, AB; Dr R. Somani, Dr Rizman Somani, Langley, BC; Dr E. St-Amour, Q&T Research, Inc., Gatineau, QC; Dr H. Tannenbaum, Rheumatic Disease Centre of Montreal, Montreal, QC; Dr J. Tannenbaum, Meadowlands Family Health Center, Ottawa, ON; Dr M. Tolszcuk, Q&T Research, Inc., Sherbrooke, QC; Dr W. Yang, Allergy and Asthma Research Centre, Ottawa, ON; Dr B. Zidel, Malton Medical Centre, Mississauga, ON; Dr M. Zummer, Polyclinique Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, QC.France: Dr P. Beignot Devalmont, Cabinet du Dr Beignot Devalmont, Rouen; Dr L. Boucher, Cabinet du Dr Boucher, Murs Erign\u00e9; Dr A. Campagne, Cabinet du Dr. Alain Campagne, Tours; Dr B. Chagnoux, Cabinet du Dr Chagnoux, Bourges; Dr J.-B. Churet, Cabinet du Dr Churet, Le Pradet, France; Dr A. El Sawy, Cabinet du Dr El Sawy, St. Martin d'Heres; Dr F. Liotard, Private Practice, Laragne; Dr C. Magnani, Cabinet du Dr Magnani, L'Aigle; Dr S. Musso, Cabinet du Dr Musso, Eaunes; Dr D. Pineau Valencienne, Cabinet du Dr Pineau Valencienne, Nantes; Dr J. Sicard, Cabinet M\u00e9dical; St. Romain/Cher; Dr F. Spilthooren, Cabinet du Dr. Fran\u00e7ois Spilthooren, Evreux.Germany: Dr C. Fleige, Klinische Forschung Berlin Mitte, Berlin; Dr A. Herzner, Klinische Forschung Hamburg, Hamburg; Dr R. Lehmann, Klinische Forschung Berlin-Buch GmbH, Berlin; R. Nischick (Dipl Med), Zentrum Therapiestudien/Dr Nischick, Leipzig; Dr H. Schneider, Praxis Dr. Schneider, Bad Nauheim; Dr M. Schreinert, Klinische Forschung Berlin Mitte, Berlin; Dr V. von Behren, Praxis Dr von Behren, Wiesbaden.Italy: Prof S. Adami, Centro Ospedaliero Clinicizzato di Medicina Riab. e Prev., Valeggio Sul Mincio; Professor E. Ambrosioni, Az. Osp. di Bologna Policl. S. Orsola \u2013 Malpighi, Bologna; Dr S. Bernini, Policlinico \u2013 Universit\u00e0 degli Studi, Modena; Dr G. Bianchi, Az. San. Genovese 3 P.O. Genova Ponente \u2013 S.O. La Colletta, Arenzano; Prof S. Bombardieri, Az. Osp. Ospedali Riuniti S. Chiara \u2013 Universit\u00e0 degli Studi, Pisa; Prof C. Borghi, Az. Osp. di Bologna Policl. S. Orsola \u2013 Malpighi, Bologna; Dr M. Broggini, Ospedale di Circolo Fondazione Macchi, Varese; Prof M. Carrabba, Ospedale Luigi Sacco \u2013 Azienda Ospedaliera, Milano; Prof M. Cipriani, Presidio Ospedaliero della Misericordia, Grosseto; Prof C. Ferri, Az. Ospedal. Univ. di Modena Policlinico Univ. degli Studi, Modena; Prof W. Grassi, Presidio Ospedaliero Ospedale Murri, Jesi; Dr P. Manganelli, Ospedale Maggiore \u2013 Azienda Ospedaliera di Parma, Parma; Prof U. Martorana, Policlinico Universitario, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo; Prof M. Matucci Cerinic, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi \u2013 Universit\u00e0 degli Studi, Firenze; Prof S. Minisola, Azienda Policlinico Umberto I\u00b0 \u2013 Universit\u00e0 La Sapienza, Roma; Prof C. Montecucco, Policlinico S. Matteo \u2013 IRCCS Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia; Dr M. Muratore, Presidio Ospedaliero Galateo, San Cesario di Lecce; Prof I. Olivieri, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Carlo, Potenza; Dr L. Punzi, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova \u2013 Universit\u00e0 degli Studi, Padova; Prof G. Rovetta, Istituto E. Bruzzone, Genova; Dr S. Scarpato, Ospedale Scarlato ASL Salerno 1, Scafati; Prof B. Seriolo, Azienda Osp. Ospedale S. Martino \u2013 Universit\u00e0 degli Studi, Genova; Prof G. Valesini, Azienda Policlinico Umberto I\u00b0 \u2013 Universit\u00e0 La Sapienza, Roma.Switzerland: Dr H. Fahrer, Praxis im Lindenhofspital, Bern; Dr T. Lehmann, Praxis Dr Lehmann, Bern; Dr M. Pellaton, Praxis Dr Pellaton, Neuch\u00e2tel; Dr R. Theiler, Stadtspital Triemli, Z\u00fcrich; Prof A. Tyndall, Felix Platter Spital, Basel; Dr D. Uebelhart, Universit\u00e4tsspital Z\u00fcrich, Z\u00fcrich; Prof P.M. Villiger, Inselspital Bern, Bern.USA: Dr E. Arnold, Illinois Bone & Joint Institute, Morton Grove, IL; Dr A. Aven, Clinical Research Associates, Ltd, Arlington Heights, IL; Dr S. Baumgartner, The Physicians Clinic of Spokane, Spokane, WA; Dr D. Benson, DMI Healthcare Group, Inc., Largo, FL; Dr E. Boling, Boling Clinic Trials, Upland, CA; Dr S. Bookbinder, Ocala Rheumatology Research Center, Ocala, FL; Dr D. Borenstein, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, Washington, DC; Dr J. Box, The Arthritis Clinic at Carolina Bone & Joint Center, Charlotte, NC; Dr D. Brandon, California Research Foundation, San Diego, CA; Dr P. Buchanan, River Road Medical Group, Eugene, OR; Dr F. Burch, Radiant Research, San Antonio, TX; Dr. B. Caciolo, St. Louis Center for Clinical Research, St Louis, MO; Dr J. Cato, Dial Research Associates, Nashville, TN; Dr V. Chindalore, Pinnacle Research Group, LLC, Anniston, AL; Dr J. Christensen, Nevada Access to Research & Education Society, Las Vegas, NV; Dr D. Colan, Internal Medicine Associates, Grand Island, NE; Dr J. Condemi, AAIR Research Center, Rochester, NY; Dr B. Corser, Community Research, Cinncinnati, OH; Dr R. Craven, East Coast Clinical Research, LLC, Virginia Beach, VA; Dr A. Dahdul, FutureCare Studies, Springfield, MA; Dr D. Dayon, Adviso Medical Research, LLC, Chicago, IL; Dr M. Dewan, Meera Dewan, P.C., Omaha, NE; Dr A. Dikranian, San Diego Arthritis & Osteoporosis Medical Clinic, San Diego, CA; Dr S. Elliott, MediSphere Medical Research Center, Evansville, IN; Dr R. Ettlinger, Cedar Medical Center, Tacoma, WA; Dr S. Fallahi, Montgomery Rheumatology Associates, Montgomery, AL; Dr F. Farmer, Radiant Research Daytona Beach, Daytona Beach, FL; Dr C. Fisher, Health Research of Hampton Roads, Newport News, VA; Dr D. Fiske, Clinical Research Center of South Florida, Stuart, FL; Dr R. Fleischmann, Radiant Research, Dallas, Texas; Dr S. Folkerth, Clinical Research Center of Nevada/Summit Medical Group, Las Vegas, NV; Dr J. Gresh, Renstar Medical Research, Ocala, FL; Dr M. Grisanti, Buffalo Rheumatology, Orchard Park, NY; Dr W. Harper, Wake Research Associates, Raleigh, NC; Dr E. Harris, E. Robert Harris Medical Corporation, Whittier, CA; Dr D. Haselwood, Med Investigations, Fair Oaks, CA; Dr M. Heick, The Physicians Clinic of Spokane, Spokane, WA; Dr J. Herrod, Cochise Clinical Research, Sierra Vista, AZ; Dr J. Huff, Arthritis Center South Texas, San Antonio, TX; Dr D. Jones III, Alabama Research Center, Birmingham, AL; Dr J. Kaine, Sarasota Arthritis Center, Sarasota, FL; Dr R. Karr, Physicians Pharmaceutical Study Services, Everett, WA; Dr B. Kerzner, Health Trends Research, Baltimore, MD; Dr H. Knapp, Deaconess Billings Clinic Research Division, Billings, NT; Dr M. Kohen, Coastal Medical Research Center, Port Orange, FL; Dr W. Larson, Radiant Research, Lakewood, WA; Dr J. LaSalle, Medical Arts Research Collaborative, Excelsior Springs, MO; Dr D. Lee, Irvine Center for Clinical Research, Irvine, CA; Dr J.D. Lehmann, Ridgeview Research Center, Chaska, MN; Dr R. Lipetz, Encompass Clinical Research, Spring Valley, CA; Dr T. Littlejohn, Piedmont Medical Research Associates, Inc., Winston-Salem, NC; Dr J. Loveless, Intermountain Orthopedics, Boise, ID; Dr B. Lubin, Hampton Roads Center for Clinical Research, Norfolk, VA; Dr N. Lunde, Twin Cities Clinical Research, Brooklyn Park, MN; Dr F. Maggiacomo, New England Center for Clinical Research, Cranston, RI; Dr H. Mcilwain, Tampa Medical Group, P.A., Tampa, FL; Dr J. McKay, Oklahoma Ctr for Arthritis Therapy & Research, Tulsa, OK; Dr E. McPherson, Clinical Research of Winston-Salem, Winston-Salem, NC; Dr K. Miller, Arthritis Associates of CT/NY, LLC, Danbury, CT; Dr S.D. Miller, Northeast Medical Research Associates, Inc., North Dartmouth, MA; Dr V.J. Mirkil, Clinical Research Consortium, Las Vegas, NV; Dr A. Mollen, Southwest Health, Ltd, Phoenix, AZ; Dr M. Morgan, Complete Family Care, Northglenn, CO; Dr D. Moss, Carolinas Research Associates, Charlotte, NC; Dr. N. Neal, Valerius Medical Group and Research Center of Long Branch, Long Beach, CA; Dr T. Nolen, TOMAC, Inc., Columbiana, AL; Dr D. Noritake, Pasadena, CA; Dr D. Petrone, Research Associates of NorthTexas, Dallas, TX; Dr E. Portnoy, Westlake Medical Research, Westlake Village, CA; Dr A. Puopolo, Milford Emergency Associates, Inc., Milford, MA; Dr B. Rankin, University Clinical Research \u2013 DeLand, DeLand, FL; Dr K. Rock, Greystone Medical Research, LLC, Birmingham, AL; Dr S. Rosenblatt, Irvine Center for Clinical Research, Irvine, CA; Dr J. Rubino, Triangle Medical Research Associates, Raleigh, NC; Dr B. Sakran, Southern Illinois Clinical Research Centre, O'Fallon, IL; Dr M. Sayers, Arthritis Associates of Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO; Dr J. Schechtman, Sun Valley Arthritis Center, Ltd, Glendale, AZ; Dr D. Schoenwalder, Mercy Med Group \u2013 Woodlake Research, Chesterfield, MO; Dr. C. Scoville, Insitute of Arthritis Research, Idaho Falls, ID; Dr A. Sebba, Arthritis Associates, Palm Harbor, FL; Dr S. Sharp, Clinical Research Associates, Nashville, TN; Dr Y. Sherrer, CRIA Research, Ft Lauderdale, FL; Dr T. Shlotzhauer, Rochester Clinical Research, Rochester, NY; Dr B. Short, Pinnacle Medical Research, Overland Park, KS; Dr T. Smith, Mercy Health Research, St Louis, MO; Dr C. Strout, Coastal Carolina Research Center, Mount Pleasant, SC; Dr R. Surowitz, Health Awareness, Jupiter, FL; Dr J. Tesser, Radiant Research \u2013 Phoenix North, Phoenix, AZ; Dr H. Thomas, CTT Consultants, Inc., Prairie Village, KS; Dr M. Tonkon, Apex Research Institute, Santa Ana, CA; Dr R. Trapp, The Arthritis Center, Springfield, IL; Dr R. Valente, Arthritis Center of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE; Dr R. Wade, Progressive Clinical Research, Centerville, UT; Dr W. Warnes, Meridian Clinical Research, Omaha, NE; Dr S. Weisman, Boulder Medical Center, Boulder, CO; Dr R. Weltman, Physician's Research Center, Hartford, CT; Dr C. Wiesenhutter, Coeur d'Alene Arthritis Clinic, Coeur d'Alene, ID; Dr M. Wiggins, Clinical Research Coordinating Svc., Loveland, CO; Dr R. Williams, Georgia Clinical Professionals Group, Athens, GA; Dr S. Williams, PharmaTex Research LLC, Amarillo, TX; Dr L. Willis, Lynn Health Science Institute, Oklahoma City, OK; Dr M. Wukelic, Rockwood Clinic, Spokane, WA; Dr D. Zmolek, Central New York Clinical Research, Manlius, NY.The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:"}
+{"text": "The affiliations of the second author, Richard Hamelin, are incorrect. First, affiliation number 2 is incorrect. It should read: INSERM, UMRS 938, Paris, France. Second, an affiliation for this author was omitted. Richard Hamelin is also affiliated with Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France."}
+{"text": "The affiliation for the 12th, 13th, and 14th authors was incorrect. At the time of the study, Laura Bossi, Magali Becker, and Patricia Zerr were affiliated with Faust Pharmaceuticals SA, Illkirch, France. Magali Becker and Patricia Zerr are currently affiliated with Transgene SA, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France."}
+{"text": "Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae PXO99A. BMC Genomics 2008, 9:204' [Following the publication of the article 'Genome sequence and rapid evolution of the rice pathogen , 9:204' , the subSteven L Salzberg, Daniel D Sommer, Michael C Schatz, Adam M Phillippy, Pablo D Rabinowicz, Seiji Tsuge, Ayako Furutani, Hirokazu Ochiai, Arthur L Delcher, David Kelley, Ramana Madupu, Daniela Puiu, Diana Radune, Martin Shumway, Cole Trapnell, Gudlur Aparna, Gopaljee Jha, Alok Pandey, Prabhu B Patil, Hiromichi Ishihara, Damien F Meyer, Boris Szurek, Valerie Verdier, Ralf Koebnik, J Maxwell Dow, Robert P Ryan, Hisae Hirata, Shinji Tsuyumu, Sang Won Lee, Young-Su Seo, Malinee Sriariyanum, Pamela C Ronald, Ramesh V Sonti, Marie-Anne Van Sluys, Jan E Leach, Frank F White and Adam J Bogdanove.A and MAFF. CT and MVS analyzed IS elements. GA and RVS analyzed the adhesin locus. MCS, ALD, and SLS discovered and characterized the 212 kb duplication. FFW carried out the TAL effector analysis, assisted by RK and AJB. CT documented rearrangements in the PXO99A genome relative to MAFF. DDS, SLS and RK investigated the CRISPRs. SeT, AF, and HO validated the MAFF assembly. SLS identified regions of possible lateral gene transfer. DK optimized annotation of hypothetical protein genes. SeT, AF, GA, GJ, AP, PBP, RVS, HI, DFM, BS, VV, JMD, RPR, HH, ShT, SWL, YS, MS, PCR, RVS, MVS, JEL, FFW, and AJB contributed to the manual annotation. SLS and AJB drafted the manuscript, assisted by PDR, SeT, GA, PBP, RVS, RK, MVS, JEL, and FFW. All authors approved the final manuscript.SLS, JEL, FFW, and AJB conceived the project. SLS, PDR, and AJB coordinated and oversaw the project. SLS and PDR managed all genomic sequencing. DP and MCS did the initial assembly of the genome. DR directed the sequence finishing and gap closure activities. MCS, AMP, and ALD created the final assembly. RM was in charge of the initial, semi-automated genome annotation. MCS, CT, and SLS carried out the overall structural analysis of the genome. PBP and RVS performed the whole genome alignments for phylogenetic analysis. DK, CT, DDS, and SLS compared the gene content of PXO99"}
+{"text": "The last five authors, Ichiro Saito, Carlo Rivolta, Shiro Ikegawa, Andrea Superti-Furga, and Toshio Hirano, should be noted as joint senior authors on this work."}
+{"text": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2009, 28:5.Correction to Kleiner HE, Krishnan P, Tubbs J, Smith M, Meschonat C, Shi R, Lowery-Nordberg M, Adegboyega P, Unger M, Cardelli J  After publication of the work , we noti"}
+{"text": "Molecular evolution of the keratin associated protein gene family in mammals, role in the evolution of mammalian hair. BMC Evol Biol 2008, 8:241.Correction to Wu DD, Irwin DM, Zhang YP:  In the publication of our work , in the Table S1 \u2013 KRTAP genes in the human, chimpanzee, rhesus macaque, dog, mouse, rat, opossum, and platypus genomes.Click here for file"}
+{"text": "Correction to Bemmo A, Benovoy D, Kwan T, Gaffney DJ, Jensen RV, Majewski J: Gene expression and isoform variation analysis using Affymetrix Exon Arrays. BMC Genomics 2008, 9: 529. After the publication of , we were"}
+{"text": "This report profiles the keynote talks given at ISMB02 in Edmonton, Canada, by Michael Ashburner, Barry Honig, Isidore Rigoutsos, Ford Doolittle, Stephen Altschul,Terry Gaasterland, John Reinitz, and the Overton Prize winner, David Baker."}
+{"text": "PKD1 gene family in primatesChromosomal evolution of the . BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008, 8:263 (doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-263)Correction to Kirsch S, Pasantes J, Wolf A, Bogdanova N, M\u00fcnch C, Pennekamp P, Krawczak M, Dworniczak B, Schempp W:  After publication of this work , we noteStefan Kirsch, Juanjo Pasantes, Andreas Wolf, Nadia Bogdanova, Claudia M\u00fcnch, Arseni Markoff, Petra Pennekamp, Michael Krawczak, Bernd Dworniczak and Werner SchemppSK performed parts of the molecular phylogenetic analyses and helped to finalize the manuscript, JP and CM performed the FISH experiments, AW and MK performed the statistical analyses and helped to finalize the corresponding sections of the manuscript, NB, AM and PP performed probe identification, preparation and characterization, BD and WS designed the study, and WS drafted and finalized the manuscript."}
+{"text": "The Industrialization Workshop Series aims to promote and discuss integration, automation,simulation, quality, availability and standards in the high-throughput life sciences.The main issues addressed being the transformation of bioinformatics and bioinformaticsbaseddrug design into a robust discipline in industry, the government, research institutesand academia. The latest workshop emphasized the influence of the post-genomic era onmedicine and healthcare with reference to advanced biological systems modeling andsimulation, protein structure research, protein-protein interactions, metabolism andphysiology. Speakers included Michael Ashburner, Kenneth Buetow, Francois Cambien,Cyrus Chothia, Jean Garnier, Francois Iris, Matthias Mann, Maya Natarajan, PeterMurray-Rust, Richard Mushlin, Barry Robson, David Rubin, Kosta Steliou, John Todd,Janet Thornton, Pim van der Eijk, Michael Vieth and Richard Ward."}
+{"text": "KCNJ11 gene. Ann Saudi Med 2010;30:162-164In Volume 30, Issue 2, in the following article: Al-Mahdi M, Al Mutair A, Al Balwi M, Hussain K. Successful transfer from insulin to oral sulphonylurea in a 3-year-old girl with a mutation in the An additional affiliation for Maria Al-Madhi should have been Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Pediatric Department, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaMutaira@NGHA.MED.SAThe corresponding author should be Angham AlMutair, Pediatric Department, Endocrine Division, King Abdul Aziz Medical City, National Guard Hospital, PO Box 22490 Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia T: +96612520088 ext. 11630, F: 11641"}
+{"text": "The compounds were characterized by melting point, analytical data, IRspectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was determined bythe disk diffusion method in Mueller-Hinton Agar on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 1539, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Proteus mirabilis, Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Cu(II)and Ag(I)complexes of II, III  and IV showed considerable activity against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, Ps. aeruginosa, S. typhi, Sh. flexneri and C. albicans microorganisms, the ligands themselveshaving no effect.The metal complexes of nine 2-substituted-1H-benzimidazoles"}
+{"text": "Correction to: Reprod Healthhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12978-018-0651-zFollowing publication of the original article , we haveVernon Mochache; email: VMochache@mgic.umaryland.edu;Program Director, Partnership for Advanced Clinical Education (PACE) Kamilisha - Kenya.Center for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity (CIHEB).Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, KREP Centre, 6th Floor, Wood Avenue, Kilimani, Nairobi, P.O. Box\u00a0495\u201300606, Nairobi, Kenya."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-018-35426-z, published online 05 February 2019Correction to: In Figure 1, in the Historic/Modern Samples map, Cambodia, Celebes, Hainan, Laos, Papua New Guinea, Seman, South Moluccas and Vietnam are labelled incorrectly. The correct Figure"}
+{"text": "Box: 1712, 11932, Saudi Arabia2 Chemistry Department, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt; E-Mail: omran2002@mailcity.comWe found following errors in our paper published in Molecules recently . On page"}
+{"text": "The members of The Global Pneumococcal Sequencing Consortium were not correctly acknowledged in the published article. The Acknowledgements should read as shown below.We thank Martin Hunt and the Infection Genomics and Pathogen Informatics groups at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute for testing and feedback during development. Furthermore, we wish to thank the authors of PneumoCaT for building the CTV database.We also thank The Global Pneumococcal Sequencing Consortium. Members of The Global Pneumococcal Sequencing Consortium are David Aanensen, Maria-Cristina C. Brandileone, Martin Antonio, Samanta C. G. Almeida, Francisco Campos, P. E. Carter, Stuart C. Clarke, Jennifer Cornick, Nicholas Croucher, Ron Dagan, Dr Sanjay H. Doiphode, Sr. Consultant; Eric S. Donkor, PhD; Egorova Ekaterina, PhD; Ozgen Koseoglu Eser, Dean Everett, Rebecca Ford, Rebecca A. Gladstone, Anne Von Gottberg, Md. Hasanuzzaman, Paulina Hawkins, PL Ho, Waleria Hryniewicz, Andrew J. Pollard, FRCPCH PhD FMedSci Professor of Paediatric Infection and Immunity; Tamara Kastrin, Keith P. Klugman, Brenda Kwambana-Adams, Pierra Law, Deborah Lehmann, Thomas M Lietman, Naima El Mdaghri, Benild Moiane, Helio Mucavele, Stephen K. Obaro, MD Theresa J. Ochoa, Metka Paragi, Tall Haoua PharmD, MPH; Mignon du Plessis, Rama Kandasamy, Nurit Porat, Dr K. L. Ravikumar, Professor Emeritus; Mabel Regueira, Ewa Sadowy, Samir K. Saha, Sadia Shakoor, Assistant professor; Betuel Sigauque, Anna Skoczyoska, Kwan Soo Ko, PhD; Peggy-Estelle Tientcheu, Leonid P. Titov, Paul Turner, Balaji Veeraraghavan, Nicole Wolter, Stephen D. Bentley, Lesley McGee and Robert F. Breiman."}
+{"text": "Nature Communications 10.1038/s41467-019-09385-6, published online 01 April 2019Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the author affiliations.Michael W. Sereda was incorrectly associated with the Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany. The correct affiliations for Michael W. Sereda are Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Str. 3, 37075 G\u00f6ttingen, Germany and Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 G\u00f6ttingen, Germany.Markus H. Schwab was incorrectly associated with Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, G\u00f6ttingen. The correct affiliations for Markus H. Schwab are Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Str. 3, 37075 G\u00f6ttingen, Germany; Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany; and Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), B\u00fcnteweg 2, 30559 Hanover, Germany.Ruth M. Stassart was incorrectly associated with the Center for Research in Biotechnology (CIB), Costa Rican Institute of Technology (TEC), Cartago, Costa Rica. The correct affiliations for Ruth M. Stassart are Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Str. 3, 37075 G\u00f6ttingen, Germany and Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 26, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.These errors\u00a0have now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "AbstractPucciniamodiolae, a rust fungus pathogen of Carolina bristlemallow, Modiolacaroliniana , is newly reported from North America, appears to be well established along the Gulf coast and is likely to have been introduced from South America. Its taxonomy, distribution and natural host range are discussed and a lectotype designated for this species. Malvasylvestris and Alcearosea are reported as new hosts for the rust. Additional new records for Malvaceae rusts are made for P.modiolae on Alcearosea from Brazil, P.heterospora on Herissantiacrispa in Florida and P.heterogenea on Malva sp. in Peru. Finally, an identification key for the microcyclic Puccinia species on members of Malvaceae in North America is provided. Neomycetes are alien fungi entering a new area (country or continent), typically as a result of non-intentional human activity, that become established in the new region . The mosPucciniamodiolae P. Syd. & Syd.  is a microcyclic rust fungus that was originally reported on Modiolaprostrata A.St.-Hil. (=M.caroliniana (L.) G. Don; Malvaceae) from South America on the basis of specimens from Argentina and Uruguay , the U.S. National Fungus Collections (BPI) and from fresh collections (listed in specimens examined below). Voucher specimens for new material are deposited in PUR. Rust spores and cross sections were routinely mounted in lactic acid in glycerol. Light microscopic analyses were performed using a Nikon Eclipse 80i microscope. Photomicrographs were obtained with a DS-Fi1 Nikon camera. In all studied specimens, thirty spores were randomly selected and measured.Materials studied here were obtained from the Arthur Fungarium  and edited in Inkscape v2 . Newly generated sequences are deposited in GenBank, accessions MH742974\u2013MH743006.DNA was extracted and the 5\u2019 end of the nuclear 28S rDNA, amplified with rust-specific primers and sequenced following previous published protocols . SequencPucciniamodiolae along the Gulf coast on Modiolacaroliniana and occurring as far north as Indiana on new hosts Alcearosea L. and Malvasylvestris L. Examination of herbarium material also reveals P.modiolae as far south as Brazil on A.rosea (PUR N15322). Additional new records for Malvaceae rusts are made for P.heterospora on Herissantiacrispa in Florida and P.heterogenea on Malva sp. in Peru. In total, we generated 28S rDNA sequences for 32 collections of Puccinia species on Malvaceae, including ten collections of P.modiolae for phylogenetic analyses  1(3): 478 (1903) [1904]P.malvacearumvar.modiolae Pennington, Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 55: 34 (1903). Figures Modiolacaroliniana (as M.prostrata), Argentina, 1880\u20131881, C. Spegazzini, Decades Mycologiae Argentinae No. 10, PUR N6057, named as P.malvacearum (designated here). Isolectotype: BPI 086498.Lectotype: on Spermogonia usually epiphyllous, located on the opposite side of the telia in small groups, globose, 140\u2013150 \u00b5m in diameter, yellowish-brown, with abundant and outward growing periphyses Fig. . TeliospPucciniamodiolae \u2013 ARGENTINA: on Modiolacaroliniana (as M.prostrata), C. Spegazzini, Decades Mycologiae Argentinae No. 10, 1880\u20131881 . USA: Indiana, Tippecanoe Co., Lafayette, Alcearosea L., M.C. Aime, MCA5059, 2012 Nov 05 ; A.rosea, M.C. Aime, MCA5042, 2012 Oct 01 ; West Lafayette, Purdue University Campus, Malvasylvestris L., Amnat Eamvijarn, MCA6961, 2016 Sept 16 ; Louisiana, East Baton Rouge Parish, Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University campus, M.caroliniana (L.) G. Don, Amnat Eamvijarn, U1374, July 2008 ; M.caroliniana, M.C. Aime, MCA3680, 2009 Mar 26 ; M.caroliniana, Don Ferrin, MCA3565, 2008 Mar 14 ; LSU Campus parking lot, M.caroliniana, Don Ferrin, MCA3589, 2008 May 14 ; Baton Rouge, private house, Malvaceae sp., Chris Clark, MCA4228, 2011 May 09 ; Bossier Parish, Red River Research Station, M.caroliniana, M.C. Aime, MCA4719, 2012 Apr 19 (PUR N12551); Evangeline Parish, Mamou, Main Street, Malvaceae sp., M.C. Aime, MCA3523, 2008 Feb 05 (PUR N22676); Tangipahoa Parish, 10 mi East of Independence, M.caroliniana, Charles Rush, MCA3854, 2009 Oct 22 ; St. James Parish, Convent, on the River Road in lawn next to Manresa House of Retreats, M.caroliniana, M.C. Aime & Tom Bruns, MCA3671, 2009 Jan 22 (PUR N12546); Orleans Parish, New Orleans, private residence, Malvaceae sp., Beth Kennedy, U1663, 2017 Mar 03 ; Modiola sp., M.C. Aime, MCA3568, 2008 Mar 23 (PUR N16658); Texas, Harris Co., Shell Station on Rt. 146, Seabrook Waterfront District, M.caroliniana, M.C. Aime, MCA3717, 2009 May 04 . BRAZIL: Sao Paulo, Alcearosea, M. Figueiredo, J. Hennen s.n., 1999 Jan 12 (PUR N15322).Pucciniaheterogenea \u2013 PERU: Cajamarca Provence, Shudall, Malva sp., Jorge Diaz Valderrama, U1568, 2014 Dec 30 .Pucciniaheterospora \u2013 USA: Florida, Monroe Co., Marathon, Herissantiacrispa (L.) Briz., M.C. Aime, MCA2876, 2004 Dec 31 .Pucciniamalvacearum \u2013USA: California, Alameda Co., Berkeley, Alcearosea, M.C. Aime, MCA6367, 2016 Aug 05 ; Idaho, Gem Co., Alcearosea, Krishna Mohan, U888, 2006 May 26 ; Canyon Co., Parma, Alcea sp., Ram Sampangi, U1384, April 2009 ; Malvaneglecta, Krishna Mohan, U1277, 2007 ; TURKEY: Bing\u00f6l Province, Lavateratrimestris, L\u00fctfi Beh\u00e7et, U1562, Jun 21 2014 ; SPAIN: C\u00f3rdoba Province, near Montilla, Malvasylvestris, Walter J. Kaiser, U928, 2006 May 19 ; M.sylvestris, Walter J. Kaiser, U981, 2006 May 19 ; edge of wheat field, M.sylvestris, Walter J. Kaiser, U929, 2006 May 21 ; Cabra, edge of olive grove at Centro de Investigacion y Foirmacion Agraria, M.sylvestris, Walter J. Kaiser, U970, 2006 May 15 ; M.sylvestris, Walter J. Kaiser, U956, 2006 May 15 ; near Carcabury, Alcea sp., Walter J. Kaiser, U1258, April 2007 ; C\u00f3rdoba, Colegio Mayor Universitario, Nuestra Senora de la Asuncion, Avenida Menendez Pidal, Lavateracretica, Walter J. Kaiser, U958, 2006 May 09 ; L.cretica, Walter J. Kaiser, U916, 2006 May 09 ; Malaga Province, outskirts of El Burgo, Alcearosea, U937, 2006 May 27 ; A.rosea, Walter J. Kaiser, U989, 2006 May 27 ; Ja\u00e9n Province, Ba\u00e9za, L.cretica, Walter J. Kaiser, U974, 2006 May 19 ; L.cretica, Walter J. Kaiser, U922, 2006 May 19 ; GERMANY, Thuringia, Weimar, A.rosea, G.R.W. Arnold, U474, 2004 Jun 22 .Pucciniamalvastri \u2013Arizona, Cochise, Cottonwood Canyon, Peloncillo Mountains, Sphaeralcea sp., George Cummins 61265, 1961 Sep 27 .Pucciniasherardiana sensu Sphaeralceagrossulariifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Rydb., Ram Sampangi, U1383, April 2009 ; S.grossulariifolia, Krishna Mohan, U1554, 2009 Aug 18 .Pucciniasphaeralceae \u2013New Mexico, Mesilla Park, Sphaeralceaangustifolia, T. Cockerell 3478, 1896 Aug 01 .P.modiolae, as a new neomycete in the USA.Phytoparasitic Neomycetes have the potential to cause great losses across the world via infestation of crops, ornamental plants and native flora . IntroduModiola compared to those on other members of the Malvaceae. He named the Puccinia species on Modiola as P.malvacearumvar.modiolae, based on material collected from R\u00edo Paran\u00e1, Argentina. Modiola as a separate species based on different material (syntype) collected from Argentina and Uruguay, but designated no holotype for the species. They later considered P.malvacearumvar.modiolae as a synonym of P.modiolae in the appendix of their book . Our phylogenetic analyses show P.modiolae and P.malvacearum are distinct species (Fig. ies Fig. ; designaPucciniamodiolae is a native rust fungus of South America and was most likely introduced in the USA by accompanying its host plant Modiola. The rust species is quite common on Modiolacaroliniana in Louisiana and was also found in Texas, making the Gulf coast a likely site for the original introduction of the rust species in North America. We are unable to pinpoint when P.modiolae was introduced into the USA. However, we were unable to locate any historical North American herbarium material of P.modiolae in BPI or PUR, nor were we able to find records of any rust species on Modiola in the USA, Canada or Mexico in all available literature, making it likely that P.modiolae became established in the southern USA probably no earlier than the second half of the 20th century. Before the present study, P.modiolae was only known from Argentina and Uruguay. In Argentina, Althaeaofficinalis L., Lavateraarborea L. and Malvaparviflora L., in addition to M.caroliniana, have been reported as the natural host range of the rust species; only M.caroliniana is a reported host in Uruguay (Alcearosea and Malvasylvestris as new hosts for this rust species, ranging from southern Brazil to the upper Midwest USA. Uruguay . We haveMalvaceae members (Puccinia spp. on Malvaceae. All studied specimens of P.modiolae in this research produced spermogonia in close connection to telia (Fig. Puccinia species have been reported on Malvaceae in North America thus far.The presence or absence of spermogonia is one of the morphological features for distinguishing microcyclic rust fungi on  members . Our stulia Fig. . Eight m"}
+{"text": "Correction to: Acta Neuropathol Commun (2019) 7: 95https://doi.org/10.1186/s40478-019-0739-xIn the original version of this article , there wThe updated information is shown in bold.Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy.Incorrect affiliation:Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology(IEO), IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy.Correct affiliation:"}
+{"text": "In the Author Contributions, Peter J. de Jong (PjD) should be listed as one of the persons who contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, project administration, resources, supervision, and writing\u2013review & editing."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-019-39845-4, published online 01 March 2019Correction to: In the original version of this Article, K. Falk and M. Smid were incorrectly affiliated with \u2018ELI Beamline, Institute of Physics of the ASCR, Na Slovance 2, Prague, 182 21, Czech Republic\u2019. The correct affiliations are listed below.K. Falk:Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstra\u00dfe 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.Institute of Physics of the ASCR, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic.M. Smid:Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstra\u00dfe 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics of the ASCR, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "The following information is missing from the Competing Interests section:JBS declares having received grants from 2014 to date from Linde via Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and has participated in speaking activities, advisory committees and consultancies during the period 2014\u22122018 sponsored by Almirall, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, CHEST, Chiesi, ERS, Esteve, GEBRO, Grifols, GSK, Linde, Lipopharma, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer, RiRL, Rovi, Sandoz, SEPAR and Takeda, outside the submitted work. JLLC has received fees for giving conferences, scientific advising, participation in clinical studies or draft of publications for : Almirall, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cantabria Pharma, Chiesi, Esteve, Faes, Ferrer, Gebro, GlaxoSmithKline, Grifols, Menarini, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Rovi, Teva y Takeda. JJSC has received speaker fees from Almirall, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Esteve, Ferrer, GSK, Menarini, Mundipharma, Novartis, Rovi, consulting fees from Almirall, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Esteve, Gebro, GSK, Mundipharma and Novartis and grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Chiesi and Novartis. BAN reports personal fees from GSK, Gebro, and Astra- Zeneca; grants, personal fees and non-financial support from Novartis AG and Laboratorios Menarini; and personal fees and non-financial support from Boehringer Ingelheim and Chiesi outside the submitted work. JMRGM has received speaker fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Esteve, GSK, Menarini, and Novartis and consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim and GSK. MM has received speaker or consulting fees from AstraZeneca, Bial, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Cipla, CSL Behring, Laboratorios Esteve, Gebro Pharma, GlaxoSmithKline, Grifols, Menarini, Mereo Biopharma, Novartis, pH Pharma, Rovi, TEVA, Verona Pharma and Zambon, and research grants from GlaxoSmithKline and Grifols. MB has received speaker fees from Grifols, Menarini, CSL Behring, and GSK and consulting fees from Novartis, GSK and Gebro Pharma. AstraZeneca has several products in development or marketed products related to COPD."}
+{"text": "In Zhang, Xiang, Guo, and Zhang , the Fun"}
+{"text": "Dolichospermum planctonicum NIES-80, Planktothrix agardhii NIES-905, and Sphaerospermopsis reniformis NIES-1949, were sequenced. The genome sizes of NIES-80, NIES-905, and NIES-1949 were 4,571,002\u2009bp, 5,512,454\u2009bp, and 6,025,023\u2009bp, and the number of protein-coding genes in each genome was 4,009, 4,925, and 5,408, respectively.Three freshwater planktonic filamentous cyanobacterial strains,  Dolichospermum planctonicum NIES-80, Planktothrix agardhii NIES-905, and Sphaerospermopsis reniformis NIES-1949, were sequenced. The genome sizes of NIES-80, NIES-905, and NIES-1949 were 4,571,002\u2009bp, 5,512,454\u2009bp, and 6,025,023\u2009bp, and the number of protein-coding genes in each genome was 4,009, 4,925, and 5,408, respectively.Three freshwater planktonic filamentous cyanobacterial strains,  Dolichospermum planctonicum NIES-80, Planktothrix agardhii NIES-905, and Sphaerospermopsis reniformis NIES-1949.Water blooms, also called \u201ccyanobacterial blooms\u201d , are maihttps://github.com/tseemann/shovill). The assemblies were polished using Pilon v1.22 . NIES-80 and NIES-1949 were cultured in 10\u2009ml of CB medium at 22\u00b0C and 20\u00b0C, respectively. NIES-905 was cultured in 10\u2009ml of CT medium  and Shovon v1.22 . After rDolichospermum compactum NIES-806, P. agardhii NIES-204, and Sphaerospermopsis kisselevianaNIES-73, respectively, in terms of size and the number of genes. Some strains of Planktothrix agardhii produce a cyanotoxin, microcystin, that is synthesized by the mcy gene cluster , suggesting that this strain can probably synthesize microcystin. The three species used in this study are widely present in freshwater. Thus, the genomes can be used for monitoring using quantitative PCR or droplet digital PCR , 5,512,454\u2009bp , and 6,025,023\u2009bp , respectively . The gen cluster . The NIEDolichospermum planctonicum NIES-80, Planktothrix agardhii NIES-905 (= CCAP 1459/11A), and Sphaerospermopsis reniformis NIES-1949 have been deposited in DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession numbers BJCF01000001 to BJCF01000201, BJCD01000001 to BJCD01000193, and BJCE01000001 to BJCE01000680, respectively. The genomic raw reads are also available in DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession numbers DRR172254, DRR172255, and DRR172253, respectively.The draft genome sequences of"}
+{"text": "Correction to:npj Breast Cancer4, 26 (2018) 10.1038/s41523-018-0074-6; Article Published online 17 August 2018In the original version of the published article, Constantine Godellas was mistakenly omitted from the Author list and Author Contributions statement. Constantine Godellas has been added as the 29th Author, and is affiliated with Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States. The author contributions statement has been updated as follows: Author Contributions Statement: Judy C. Boughey conducted the review of current protocols, led the effort to establish new I-SPY standards and was the principal author of the manuscript. Laura Esserman co-led the review and standardization processes. Michael D. Alvarado, Rachael B. Lancaster, Fraser Symmans, W, Rita Mukhtar, Jasmine Wong, Cheryl Ewing, David Potter, Todd Tuttle, Tina Hieken, Jodi Carter, James Jakub, Henry Kaplan, Claire Buchanan, Nora Jaskowiak, Husain Sattar, Jeffrey Mueller, Rita Nanda, Claudine Isaacs, Paula Pohlmann, Filipa Lynce, Eleni Tousimis, Jay Zeck, M. Catherine Lee, Julie Lang, Paulette Mhawech-Fauceglia, Roshni Rao, Bret Taback, Margaret Chen, Kevin Kalinsky, Hanina Hibshoosh, Brigid Killelea, Constantine Godellas, and Tara Sanft provided medical and scientific expertise/opinion towards the development of I-SPY standards. Jane Perlmutter provided the patient advocate\u2019s perspective in these discussions. All I-SPY2 trial investigators participated in the review of current standards, had the opportunity to participate in and comment on proposed standards and the final manuscript. Gill Hirst and Smita Asare provided expertise on, conducted and analyzed surveys of I-SPY trial sites. Jeffrey B. Matthews provided significant input and editing throughout the manuscript development process. All authors reviewed manuscript drafts and signed off on the final manuscript. This has been corrected in the HTML and PDF version of the article."}
+{"text": "Peer review is an essential part in the publication process, ensuring that Journal maintains high quality standards for its published papers. In 2017, a total of 23 peer-reviewed papers were published in the journal. Thanks to the cooperation of our reviewers, the median time to first decision was 33 days and the median time to publication was 63 days. The editors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for their time and dedication in 2017:Aldred, NicholasLao, Ka UnAljabali, AlaaLee, BruceBertinetti, LucaMessersmith, PhillipBettinger, ChristopherMilford, MichaelBindschedler, SaskiaMustoe, George E.Borges, Jo\u00e3oPalumbo, FabioBreydo, LeonidParisi, CristianBumgardner, Joel D.Reisch, AndreasCarmagnola, IreneRuggeri, FrancescoCicoira, FabioRusso, NinoCirera, JordiScheiner, SteveDel Real, Juan CarlosSchroeder, GrzegorzDhinojwala, AliSlominski, AndrzejDickinson, GarySobolewski, Andrzej L.Drack, ManfredSolano, FranciscoEllinas, KosmasStone, KariFalentin-Daudr\u00e9, C\u00e9lineSturm, ElenaGarc\u00eda-Ruiz, Juan ManuelTaboryski, RafaelGerdon, ArenTaubert, AndreasHarbottle, MikeTavares, AnthonyHess, Dennis W.Thrivikraman, GreeshmaHong, SeonkiVenanzi, MarianoKeil, Matthias S.Webb, BarbaraKimura, ShunsakuWysokowski, MarcinKremer, BarbaraLadavi\u00e8re, Catherine"}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Bioinformatics 2018, 19 (Suppl 18): 487.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-018-2502-xIt was highlighted that the original article  containeThe list of authors and submissions for the supplement contained some outdated information and could be improved for readability and clarity. Below is the reformatted and corrected list.CAT: computer aided triage improving upon the Bayes risk through \u03b5-refusal triage rulesNicolas Hengartner, Leticia Cuellar, Xiao-Cheng Wu, Georgia Tourassi, John Qiu, Blair Christian and Tanmoy Bhattacharya.Sparse coding of pathology slides compared to transfer learning with deep neural networksWill Fischer, Sanketh S. Moudgalya, Judith D. Cohn, Nga T. T. Nguyen and Garrett T. Kenyon.Real-time data analysis for medical diagnosis using FPGA-accelerated neural networksAhmed Sanaullah, Chen Yang, Yuri Alexeev, Kazutomo Yoshii and Martin C. Herbordt.High-throughput binding affinity calculations at extreme scalesJumana Dakka, Matteo Turilli, David W. Wright, Stefan J. Zasada, Vivek Balasubramanian, Shunzhou Wan, Peter V. Coveney and Shantenu Jha.Deep clustering of protein folding simulationsDebsindhu Bhowmik, Shang Gao, Michael T. Young and Arvind Ramanathan.CANDLE/Supervisor: a workflow framework for machine learning applied to cancer researchJustin M. Wozniak, Rajeev Jain, Prasanna Balaprakash, Jonathan Ozik, Nicholson T. Collier, John Bauer, Fangfang Xia, Thomas Brettin, Rick Stevens, Jamaludin Mohd-Yusof, Cristina Garcia Cardona, Brian Van Essen and Matthew Baughman.Predicting tumor cell line response to drug pairs with deep learningFangfang Xia, Maulik Shukla, Thomas Brettin, Cristina Garcia-Cardona, Judith Cohn, Jonathan E. Allen, Sergei Maslov, Susan L. Holbeck, James H. Doroshow, Yvonne A. Evrard, Eric A. Stahlberg and Rick L. Stevens.High-throughput cancer hypothesis testing with an integrated PhysiCell-EMEWS workflowJonathan Ozik, Nicholson Collier, Justin M. Wozniak, Charles Macal, Chase Cockrell, Samuel H. Friedman, Ahmadreza Ghaffarizadeh, Randy Heiland, Gary An and Paul Macklin.Scalable deep text comprehension for Cancer surveillance on high-performance computingJohn X. Qiu, Hong-Jun Yoon, Kshitij Srivastava, Thomas P. Watson, J. Blair Christian, Arvind Ramanathan, Xiao C. Wu, Paul A. Fearn and Georgia D. Tourassi."}
+{"text": "The error was discovered after publication.The following article: Md. Shakhaoat Hossain, Prantik Roy, Monira Islam, Alamgir Zaman Chowdhury, Zeenath Fardous, Md. Abdur Rahman, ASM Salfullah, Mahmudul Hasan, Md. Mazibur Rahman. Human Health Risk of Chromium Intake From Consumption of Poultry Meat and Eggs in Dhaka, Bangladesh, The authors regret any inconvenience to the scientific community."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Arthritis Res Therhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-019-1880-4Following publication of the original article , the autIn Fig.\u00a0In Fig.\u00a0In addition, the authors would like to update the legends of Figure 1, 2, 3 and 4 to the following:a non-adjusted cases and b adjusted cases. Adjusted confounders were baseline sex, age, disease duration, concomitant prednisolone and methotrexate, and number of previously used bDMARDs. ABT = abatacept, ADA = adalimumab, CZP = certolizumab pegol, ETN = etanercept, GLM = golimumab, IFX = infliximab, TCZ = tocilizumab, bDMARDs = biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugsFig. 1 Drug survival rates due to lack of effectiveness in a non-adjusted cases and b adjusted cases. Adjusted confounders were baseline sex, age, disease duration, concomitant prednisolone and methotrexate, and number of previously used bDMARDs. ABT = abatacept, ADA = adalimumab, CZP = certolizumab pegol, ETN = etanercept, GLM = golimumab, IFX = infliximab, TCZ = tocilizumab, bDMARDs = biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugsFig. 2 Drug survival rates due to toxic adverse events in a non-adjusted cases and b adjusted cases. Adjusted confounders were baseline sex, age, disease duration, concomitant prednisolone and methotrexate, and number of previously used bDMARDs. ABT = abatacept, ADA = adalimumab, CZP = certolizumab pegol, ETN = etanercept, GLM = golimumab, IFX = infliximab, TCZ = tocilizumab, bDMARDs = biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugsFig. 3 Drug survival rates due to remission in a non-adjusted cases and b adjusted cases. Adjusted confounders were baseline sex, age, disease duration, concomitant prednisolone and methotrexate, and number of previously used bDMARDs. ABT = abatacept, ADA = adalimumab, CZP = certolizumab pegol, ETN = etanercept, GLM = golimumab, IFX = infliximab, TCZ = tocilizumab, bDMARDs = biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugsFig. 4 Overall drug survival rates (excluding non-toxic reasons and remission) in The publishers apologise for the errors. The corrected figures are given below:"}
+{"text": "AbstractScolytinae) are the most successful group of invasive wood borers worldwide, and the most invasive among them are species in the tribe Xyleborini. This haplodiploid, highly inbred, fungus-farming group is represented by 30 non-native species in North America, of which at least five are serious pests. The few identification resources for Xyleborini that exist are becoming outdated due to new species arrivals and nomenclatural changes. Here we present a new comprehensive key to Xyleborini currently known from the continental United States. Compared to the previous key, the following species have been added to the North American fauna: Ambrosiodmusminor (Stebbing), Ambrosiophilusnodulosus (Eggers), Anisandrusmaiche Kurentsov, Coptoboruspseudotenuis (Schedl), Cyclorhipidionfukiense (Eggers), Dryocoetoidesreticulatus Atkinson, Dryoxylononoharaense (Murayama), Euwallaceainterjectus (Blandford), Xyleborinusandrewesi (Blandford), Xyleborinusartestriatus (Eichhoff), Xyleborinusoctiesdentatus (Murayama), Xyleborusbispinatus Eichhoff, Xyleborusseriatus Blandford, Xyleborusspinulosus Blandford, and Xylosandrusamputatus (Blandford).Bark and ambrosia beetles ( Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are considered one of the most injurious groups of insects in native and planted forests , the Florida State Collection of Arthropods , and/or collected by the authors during various state, regional, and national surveys. Distribution records are as reported in Synonyms listed for each genus and species are cited from BMNHBritish Museum of Natural History, London;CNCICanadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa;FRI Forest Research Institute, Dehradun;IRSNBInstitut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels;IZM Institute of Zoology at Moscow, Moscow;MCZMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, MA;NHMB Natural History Museum Budapest, Budapest;NHMWNaturhistorisches Museum Wien, Wien;NMNHNational Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC;SDEISenckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, M\u00fcncheberg;UZMCUniversitets Zoologisk Museum, Copenhagen;ZINZoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg;ZMFK Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn; andZMUHZoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg.Photographs were taken by JH and DG using an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope. Each image is a composite of up to 50 separate images taken with a Canon EOS Rebel T3i camera, and later stacked using the Helicon Focus software .Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeHopkins, 1915Phloeotrogus Motschulsky, 1863. Synonymy Wood 1966.Brownia Nunberg, 1963. Synonymy Wood 1980.Xyleborustachygraphus Zimmermann.Ambrosiodmus differ from other members of the tribe by the asperities covering the entire surface of the pronotum.Species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusdevexus Wood, 1977. Preoccupied Schedl 1977.XyleborusdevexulusX.devexus Wood. Wood, 1978. Replacement name for Xyleboruswoodi Schedl, 1979. Unnecessary replacement name.NMNH.Holotype female; Homestead, FL; North America: Antilles, United States: Florida.A.obliquus, but it is distinguished by its smaller size, lack of declivital granules, and interstriae 1 not elevated. It is only known from southern Florida, Puerto Rico, and the Dominican Republic.This species is very similar to Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeHopkins, 1915Xyleborusgundlachi Eggers, 1931. Synonymy Wood 1972.Holotype female; Keene, FL; USNM.North America: Antilles, United States: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, South Carolina, Texas; South America: Brazil.A.tachygraphus.In North America, this species is distinguished by the smaller size and the much deeper, coarser strial punctures compared to Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleboruslewisi Blandford, 1894.Ozopemontuberculatus Strohmeyer, 1912. Synonymy Beaver and Liu 2010.Xyleborustegalensis Eggers, 1923. Synonymy Schedl 1950.Xyleboruslewekianus Eggers, 1923. Synonymy BMNH.Syntypes female; Japan; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Alabama, Georgia, Pennsylvania.Ambrosiodmuslewisi was first reported in North America from southeastern Pennsylvania Phloeosinusminor Stebbing, 1909.Xyleboruscrassus Hagedorn, 1910. Synonymy Schedl 1962.FRI.Syntypes female; Assam: labeled Kochujan, printed as Goalpara Sal Forests; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi.PageBreakA.minor was in Florida in 2011 Pityophthorusobliquus LeConte, 1878.Xyleborusgilvipes Blandford, 1898. Synonymy Wood 1975.Ambrosiodmuslinderae Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Xyleborusbrasiliensis Eggers, 1928. Synonymy Wood 1975.Xyleborusmexicanus Eggers, 1931. Synonymy Wood 1972.Xyleboruspseudobrasiliensis Eggers, 1941. Synonymy Bright 1985.Xyleborusillepidus Schedl, 1941. Synonymy Wood 1975.Xyleborusmelanarius Schedl, 1978. Synonymy MCZ.Holotype female; Enterprise, FL; Africa; Central America: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama; North America: Antilles Islands, Mexico, United States: Alabama, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia; South America: Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru.A.devexulus but with less prominent punctures.Similar to Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusopimus Wood, 1974.NMNH.Holotype female; Sebring, FL; North America: United States: Florida; South America: Brazil.A.lecontei in North America, but interstriae 1 armed by several fine granules in A.opimus.Similar to Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusrubricollis Eichhoff, 1875.Xyleborustaboensis Schedl, 1952. Synonymy Xyleborusstrohmeyeri Schedl, 1975. Synonymy IRSNB.Holotype Female; Japan; Asia; Australia (introduced); Europe (introduced): Italy; North America (introduced): Mexico, United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia.Ambrosiodmus by the combination of the red color, the small size, and the equally granulate declivital interstriae.This non-native species, first found in Maryland , is now Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborustachygraphus Zimmermann, 1868.MCZ.Holotype female; North Carolina; North America: United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia.Xyleborini in North America.Widely distributed in the eastern United States. It is among the largest species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeHulcr & Cognato, 2009Ambrosiodmusrestrictus (Schedl).Ambrosiophilus differ from other members of the tribe by the black and robust body combined with the absence of asperities on a flat pronotal disc, and the rounded edge of elytral declivity.Species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusatratus Eichhoff, 1875.ZMUH, lost.Holotype female; Japan. Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia; Oceania.Ambrosiophilusatratus was first reported in eastern North America from Georgia, Maryland, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia Xyleborusnodulosus Eggers, 1941.Xyleboruspernodulus Schedl, 1957. Synonymy Ambrosiophilusperegrinus Smith & Cognato, 2015. Synonymy ZMFK.Holotype female; Fukien ; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Georgia.A.nodulosus is likely to expand its distribution. Differs from A.atratus by its smaller size and by the presence of evenly spaced tubercles on the declivity.A recent introduction in the U.S. , A.noduTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeFerrari, 1867Anisandrusdispar (Fabricius).Anisandrus differ from other members of the tribe by the combination of serrations on the frontal edge of pronotum, a tuft of setae at the base of the pronotum, the contiguous procoxae, and an obliquely truncate antennal club with the first segment of club covering the entire posterior side.Species of PageBreakTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeApatedispar Fabricius, 1792.Bostrichusbrevis Panzer, 1793. Synonymy Eichhoff 1878.Bostrichusthoracicus Panzer, 1793. Synonymy Hagedorn 1910.Scolytuspyri Peck, 1817. Synonymy Hubbard 1897.Bostrichustachygraphus Sahlberg, 1834. Synonymy Eichhoff 1878.Bostrichusratzeburgi Kolenati, 1846. Synonymy Ferrari 1867.Anisandrusaequalis Reitter, 1913. Synonymy Mandelshtam 2001.Anisandrusswainei Drake, 1921. Synonymy Wood 1957.Xyleborusdisparrugulosus Eggers 1922.Xyleboruscerasi Eggers, 1937. Synonymy Schedl 1964.Xyleboruskhinganensis Murayama, 1943. Synonymy Kn\u00ed\u017eek 2011.UZMC.Syntypes female; Germaniae; Asia; Europe; North America (introduced): Canada: British Columbia, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario; United States: California, District of Columbia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia.Anisandrusdispar was likely unintentionally introduced before 1817 : United States: Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Wisconsin.Anisandrusmaiche was first reported in the US from Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia Xyleborusobesus LeConte, 1868.Xyleborusserratus Swaine, 1910. Synonymy Hopkins 1915.Anisandruspopuli Swaine, 1917. Synonymy Schedl 1964.MCZ.Lectotype female; Virginia; North America: Canada: New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec; United States: Connecticut, Illinois, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin.Anisandrus by the presence of a series of tubercles on the posterolateral margin of the declivity.Distinguished from other Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeHopkins, 1915Xyleborusobesusvar.minor Swaine, 1910. Synonymy Wood 1957.Xyleborusneardus Schedl, 1950. Synonymy Wood 1957.NMNH.Holotype female; Morgantown, WV; North America: Canada: New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec; United States: Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia.PageBreakAnisandrus in the northeastern U.S. Distinguished from other Anisandrus by the absence of significant sculpture on the elytral declivity. Wood (1957) synonymized A.sayi with X.obesusvar.minor, but Swaine\u2019s name is available and should have priority.This is the most common species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeSampson, 1911Tosaxyleborus Murayama, 1950. Synonymy Browne 1955.Cnestusmagnus SampsonCnestus differ from other members of the tribe by the truncate elytra, which are shorter than the pronotum.Species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusmutilatus Blandford, 1894.Xyleborussampsoni Eggers, 1930. Synonymy Xyleborusbanjoewangi Schedl, 1939. Synonymy Kalshoven 1960.Xyleborustaitonus Eggers, 1939. Synonymy BMNH.Holotype female; Japan; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas; Oceania.Cnestusmutilatus was first collected in North America from Mississippi in 1999 Xyleboruspseudotenuis Schedl, 1936.Xyleborustenuis Schedl, 1948. Synonymy Wood 1976.NHMW.Holotype female; Brasilien; Schedl Collection in Central America: Costa Rica, Panama; North America: Mexico, United States: Florida; South America: Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Venezuela.Coptoboruspseudotenuis was first documented in the US based on a reared specimen from southern Florida in 2004 Xyleborusbodoanus Reitter, 1913.Xyleboruspunctulatus Kurentsov, 1948. Synonymy Mandelshtam 2001.Xyleboruscalifornicus Wood, 1975. Synonymy Kn\u00ed\u017eek 2011.NHMB.Syntypes female; Ostsibirien: Sotka-gora; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Washington.Cyclorhipidionbodoanum was first reported in the eastern US  in 2000 Xyleborusfukiensis Eggers, 1941.Xyleborusganshoensis Murayama, 1952. Synonymy Xyleborustenuigraphus Schedl, 1953. Synonymy Beaver and Liu 2010.ZMFK.Holotype female; Fukien ; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Florida, Georgia.C.bodoanum and C.pelliculosum except for body length, with an intermediate size Xyleboruspelliculosus Eichhoff, 1878.Xyleborusseiryorensis Murayama, 1930. Synonymy Kn\u00ed\u017eek 2011.Xyleborusquercus Kurenzov, 1948. Synonymy Kn\u00ed\u017eek 2011.Xyleborusstarki Nunberg, 1956. Synonymy Kn\u00ed\u017eek 2011.ZMUH, lost.Syntypes female; Japan; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Delaware, Illinois, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia.Cyclorhipidionpelliculosum was first documented in the US from Pennsylvania in 1987 and from Maryland in 1989 Xyleborusonoharaensis Murayama, 1934.Dryoxylononoharaensum Bright & Rabaglia, 1999 (incorrect subsequent spelling).DryoxylononoharaenseDryoxylononoharaensum Bright & Rabaglia. : Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal, 2009. Correction for NMNH.Lectotype female; Japan; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia.Dryocoetini based on tibial characters, but molecular analyses place it within the Xyleborini Xyleborusfornicatus Eichhoff, 1868.Xyleborusfornicatior Eggers, 1923. Synonymy Beeson 1930 (as variety).Xyleboruswhitfordiodendrus Schedl, 1942. Synonymy Xyleborusperbrevis Schedl, 1951. Synonymy Wood,1989.Xyleborusschultzei Schedl, 1951. Synonymy Beaver 1991.Xyleborustapatapaoensis Schedl, 1951. Synonymy ZMUH, lost.Syntypes: Ceylon; Africa; Asia; Central America (introduced): Costa Rica, Panama; North America (introduced): Mexico, United States: California, Florida, Hawaii; Oceania (introduced); South America (introduced): Brazil.This species is a complex of several distinct genotypes, the most common of which are known as the Tea shot hole borer, Polyphagous shot hole borer, and the Kuroshio shot hole borer . The difTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusinterjectus Blandford, 1894.Xyleboruspseudovalidus Eggers, 1925. Synonymy Schedl 1958.BMNH.Holotype female; Japan, China [presumably syntypes]; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, Louisiana, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia.E.validus Bostrichusferrugineus Boheman, 1858. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborussimilis Ferrari, 1867.Xyleborusparvulus Eichhoff, 1868. Synonymy Schedl 1959.Xyleborusdilatus Eichhoff, 1876. Synonymy Schedl 1959.Xyleborussubmarginatus Blandford, 1896. Synonymy Eggers 1929.Xyleborusbucco Schaufuss, 1897. Synonymy Schedl 1959.Xyleboruscapito Schaufuss, 1897. Synonymy Schedl 1959.XyleborusnovaguineanusSchedl, 1936. Synonymy Xyleborusdilatatulus Schedl, 1953. Synonymy NHMW.Holotype female; \u201cInsula Keeling\u201d. Africa; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Texas; Oceania; South America (introduced): Brazil.Anodiusdenticulus Motschulsky, 1863 as a synonym of this species (Mandelshtam and Nikitskij 2010) is not considered valid (Alonso-Zarazaga pers. comm.). Wood designated a specimen of Xyleborusperforans as the lectotype of Anodiusdenticulus, not a specimen of X.similis .The designation of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusvalidus Eichhoff, 1875.IRSNB.Syntypes female; Japan; Asia; North America (introduced): Canada: Ontario; United States: Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia.Euwallaceavalidus was first collected in the US from Nassau County, New York in 1975 Xyleborusricini Eggers, 1932.Xyleborussolitariceps Schedl, 1954. Synonymy NMNH.Holotype female; \u201cCongostaat\u201d; Africa (introduced); Central America: Costa Rica; North America: Antilles, Mexico, United States: Florida; South America: Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela.It is unclear if this species was introduced from South America or is native to North America. Distinguished by the light-brown color, the short and steep elytral declivity with stout and short interstrial setae, and the smooth posterior face of protibia.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeReitter, 1913Bostrichussaxesenii Ratzeburg.Xyleborinus differ from other members of the tribe by the conical scutellum surrounded by setae.Species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusandrewesi Blandford, 1896.Xyleboruspersphenos Schedl, 1970. Synonymy Beaver and Brownie 1978.Xyleborusinsolitus Bright, 1972. Synonymy Bright 1985.Cryptoxyleborusgracilior Browne, 1984. Synonymy Beaver 1995.Holotype female; India; BMHN.Africa; Asia; North America (introduced): Antilles, United States: Florida, Hawaii; Oceania.Xyleborinusandrewesi was first reported in the US from Lee County, Florida Xyleborusartestriatus Eichhoff, 1878.Xyleboruslaticollis Blandford, 1896. Synonymy Schedl 1958.Xyleborusrugipennis Schedl, 1953. Synonymy Xyleborinusbeaveri Browne, 1978. Synonymy ZMUH, lost.Holotype female; Asia; North America (introduced): United States: Georgia, Texas; Oceania.Xyleborinusartestriatus was reported for the first time in North America based on specimens from Georgia and Texas Xyleborusattenuatus Blandford, 1894.Xyleborinusalni Niisima, 1909. Synonymy Kn\u00ed\u017eek 2011.BMNH.Holotype female; Nikko, Japan; Asia; Europe (introduced); North America (introduced): Canada: British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec; United States: Maine, Maryland, Michigan, New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Washington.PageBreakX.saxesenii, but can be distinguished by the larger size and the pointed and hooked tubercles on the declivity Xyleborusgracilis Eichhoff, 1868.Xyleborusaspericauda Eggers, 1941. Synonymy Bright 1985.Xyleborusneogracilis Schedl, 1954. Synonymy Bright 1985.Xyleborusschoenherri Schedl, 1981. Synonymy NMNH.Lectotype; Brasilia; Africa; Central America: Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama; North America: Mexico, United States: Florida, Louisiana, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas; South America: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela.Xyleborinus by the blunt tubercles of declivital interstriae 3.Distinguished from other Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusoctiesdentatus Murayama, 1931.NMNH.Holotype; Kannanri, Korea; Asia; North America (introduced): Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina.Xyleborinusoctiesdentatus was reported for the first time from North America based on specimens from Alabama and Louisiana Bostrichussaxesenii Ratzeburg, 1837.Tomicusdohrnii Wollaston, 1854. Synonymy Eichhoff 1878.Tomicusdecolor Boieldieu, 1859. Synonymy Ferrari 1867.Xyleborusaesculi Ferrari, 1867. Synonymy Eichhoff 1878.Xyleborussobrinus Eichhoff, 1875. Synonymy Schedl 1964.Xyleborussubdepressus Rey, 1883. Synonymy Bedel 1888.Xyleborusfrigidus Blackburn, 1885. Synonymy Samuelson 1981.Xyleborusfloridensis Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Wood 1962.Xyleboruspecanis Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Wood 1962.Xyleborusquercus Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Wood 1962.Xyleborusarbuti Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Wood 1957.Xyleborussubspinosus Eggers, 1930. Synonymy Xyleborinustsugae Swaine, 1934. Synonymy Wood 1957.Xyleborinuslibrocedri Swaine, 1934. Synonymy Wood 1957.Xyleboruspseudogracilis Schedl, 1937. Synonymy Xyleborusretrusus Schedl, 1940. Synonymy Xyleborusperegrinus Eggers, 1944. Synonymy Schedl 1980.Xyleborinuspseudoangustatus Schedl, 1948. Synonymy Schedl 1964.Xyleborusparaguayensis Schedl, 1948. Synonymy Xyleborusopimulus Schedl, 1976. Synonymy Xyleboruscinctipennis Schedl, 1980. Synonymy SDEI by Wood and Bright (2007), unconfirmed.Syntypes female; \u201cS\u00fcdlichen Deutschland\u201d; type location is indicated as presumably at Africa (introduced); Asia, Europe (introduced), North America (introduced): Mexico, Canada: British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario, United States: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia; Oceania (introduced); South America (introduced): Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Uruguay.X.saxeseni, but saxesenii, with the ii ending. The synonymy stated by X.cinctipennis Schedl, 1980 with X.saxesenii, supported by This species is widely distributed. Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeEichhoff, 1864Anaeretus Dug\u00e8s, 1887. Synonymy Hagedorn 1910.Progenius Blandford, 1896. Synonymy Hagedorn 1910.Mesoscolytus Broun, 1904. Synonymy Bain 1976.Heteroborips Reitter, 1913. Synonymy Schedl 1934.Boroxylon Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Schedl 1952.Notoxyleborus Schedl, 1934. Synonymy Bostrichusmonographus Fabricius.Xyleborus differ from most  members of the tribe by the truncate antennal club, the first segment of which is corneous. Species of Xyleborus s. str. ; Asia (introduced); Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama; Europe (introduced), North America: Antilles, Canada: Quebec, Mexico, United States: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia; Oceania (introduced); South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Fr. Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad, Uruguay, Venezuela.This widely distributed species can cause economic damage in moist lowland areas of the Neotropics. This species is distinguished by the broadly sloping shagreened declivity and the small denticles in interstriae 1 and 3.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeEichhoff, 1868IRSNB.Syntypes female; Brazil; Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama; North America: Mexico, United States: Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, Texas; Oceania; South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela.X.ferrugineus by This species was removed from synonymy with Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeEichhoff, 1868Xyleborusbiographus LeConte, 1868. Synonymy Eichhoff 1878.ZMUH, lost.Syntypes female; \u201cAmerica boreali\u201d. PageBreakNorth America: Canada: Ontario, United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia.This species is distinguished by its large size and its two pairs of large pointed tubercles on declivital interstriae 1.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeBostrichusferrugineus Fabricius, 1801.Tomicustrypanaeoides Wollaston, 1867. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborusfuscatus Eichhoff, 1868. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborusconfusus Eichhoff, 1868. Synonymy Schedl 1957.Xyleborusretusicollis Zimmermann, 1868. Synonymy Xyleborusamplicollis Eichhoff, 1869. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborusinsularis Sharp, 1885. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborustanganus Hagedorn, 1910. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborussoltaui Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Xyleborusnyssae Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborushopkinsi Beeson, 1929. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborusargentinensis Schedl, 1931. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborusrufopiceus Eggers, 1932. Synonymy Xyleborusschedli Eggers, 1934. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborusnesianus Beeson, 1940. Synonymy Beaver 1991.Xyleborusnotatus Eggers, 1941. Synonymy Schedl 1960.Xyleborussubitus Schedl, 1948. Synonymy Schedl 1960.UZMC.Lectotype female; \u201cAmerica meridionali\u201d; Africa (introduced); Asia; Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama; North America: Antilles, Canada: Ontario, Mexico, United States: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia; Oceania (introduced); South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Fr. Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad, Uruguay, Venezuela.X.bispinatus by X.bispinatus by the smaller size, discal interstrial setae sparse or absent, and by its light orange to reddish brown color : United States: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina.X.glabratus was first detected in a survey trap near Port Wentworth, Georgia in 2002 (Persea spp.) and other Lauraceae in the southeastern United States Bostrichuspfeilii Ratzeburg, 1837.Bostrichusalni Mulsant & Rey, 1856. Synonymy Hagedorn 1910.Xyleborusvicarius Eichhoff, 1875. Synonymy Schedl 1963.Xyleborusadumbratus Blandford, 1894.Synonymy Schedl 1963.SDEI.Syntypes female; \u201cim L\u00fcneburgschen und in Bayern\u201d; not located, if extant, probably in Africa; Asia; Europe; North America (introduced): Canada: British Columbia; United States: Maryland, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Washington; South America: Brazil.Xyleboruspfeilii was first detected in North America in Maryland in 1992 : United States: Massachusetts.X.seriatus is distinguished from other Xyleborus by the distinctly impressed area adjacent to the scutellum and the alternating series of longer and shorter setae on the elytra : Antilles Mexico, United States: Hawaii, Texas; South America: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela.Xyleborusspinulosus, native to Central America and lowland Mexico, was first found in the US in Texas in 1994 . North America: United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia.X.planicollis by the impressed, shining, and tuberculate declivity.Distinguished by the impressed anterior portion of pronotum. Distinguished from Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeBostrichusvolvulus Fabricius, 1775.Xyleborustorquatus Eichhoff, 1868. Synonymy Wood 1960.Xyleborusalternans Eichhoff, 1869. Synonymy Eggers 1929.Xyleborusbadius Eichhoff, 1869. Synonymy Wood 1960.Xyleborusinterstitialis Eichhoff, 1878. Synonymy Xyleborusguanajuatensis Dug\u00e8s, 1887. Synonymy Wood 1983.Xyleborushubbardi Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Schedl 1952.Xyleborusschwarzi Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Xyleborusrileyi Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Xyleborusgrenadensis Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Wood 1972.Xyleboruscontinentalis Eggers, 1920. Synonymy Xyleborussilvestris Beeson, 1929. Synonymy Xyleborusvagabundus Schedl, 1948. Synonymy Wood 1972.XyleborusgranularisSchedl, 1950. Synonymy UZMC.Lectotype female; \u201cAmerica ligno Dom v. Rohr (presumably Cuba)\u201d; Africa; Asia; Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama; North America: Antilles, Mexico, United States: Florida, Hawaii; Oceania; South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Fr. Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad, Uruguay, Venezuela.Distinguished by the slightly convex to flattened declivity bearing prominent tubercles of varying sizes.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeBostrichusxylographus Say, 1826.Xyleborusinermis Eichhoff, 1868. Synonymy Eichhoff 1878.Xyleboruscanadensis Swaine, 1917. Synonymy Wood 1957.CNCI.Neotype female; North Carolina; Asia (introduced); North America: Antilles, Canada: British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec; United States: Arkansas, California, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin.Distinguished by the lusterless and steep declivity, occupying no more than posterior 15% of elytra.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeReitter, 1913Apoxyleborus Wood, 1980. Synonymy Wood 1984.Xyleborusmorigerus Blandford.Xylosandrus differ from other members of the tribe by widely separated procoxae.Species of Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusamputatus Blandford, 1894.Xyleborusmelli Eggers, 1926. Synonymy Beaver 2010.BMNH.Holotype female; Japan: Higo; Asia; North America (introduced): Florida, Georgia.Xylosandrusamputatus was first discovered in the US from Florida in 2010 Xyleboruscompactus Eichhoff, 1875.Xyleborusmorstatti Hagedorn, 1912. Synonymy Murayama and Kalshoven 1962.ZMUH, lost. 1 syntype Schedl Collection NHMW.Syntypes female; Japan; Africa; Asia; North America (introduced): Antilles, United States: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Texas; Oceania (introduced); South America: Brazil, Fr. Guiana, Peru, Trinidad.X.compactus was first collected in the US at Ft. Lauderdale, Florida in 1941 Phloeotroguscrassiusculus Motschulsky, 1866.Xyleborussemiopacus Eichhoff, 1878. Synonymy Wood 1969.Xyleborussemigranosus Blandford, 1896. Synonymy Schedl 1959.Xyleborusebriosus Niisima, 1909. Synonymy Choo 1983.Dryocoetesbengalensis Stebbing, 1908. Synonymy Beeson 1915.Xyleborusmascarenus Hagedorn, 1908. Synonymy Eggers 1923.Xyleborusokoumeensis Schedl, 1935. Synonymy Schedl 1959.Xyleborusdeclivigranulatus Schedl, 1936. Synonymy Schedl 1959.IZM.Syntypes female; Ceylon; Africa; Asia; Central America (introduced): Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama;, North America (introduced): Antilles, Canada: Ontario; United States: Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia; Oceania (introduced); South America (introduced): Argentina, Brazil, Fr. Guiana, Uruguay.X.crassiusculus has spread in the US along the lower Piedmont region and coastal plain to North Carolina, Louisiana, Florida, and beyond (Xyleborussemiopacus). Distinguished by the confused declivital granules giving the declivity a dull appearance. Causes economic damage in nurseries and stored hardwood lumber Xyleboruscurtulus Eichhoff, 1869.Anisandruszimmermanni Hopkins, 1915. Synonymy Xyleboruscurtuloides Eggers, 1941. Synonymy Xyleborusbiseriatus Schedl, 1963. Synonymy Wood 1973.Xyleborusstrumosus Schedl, 1972. Synonymy Wood 1992.IRSNB.Holotype female: Brazil; Central America: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama; North America: Antilles, Mexico, United States: Florida; South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela.This species is currently only known from central and southern Florida in the United States. Distinguished by the dark brown body, the small size, and the hairy and shagreened declivity.PageBreakTaxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCurculionidaeXyleborusgermanus Blandford, 1894.Xyleborusorbatus Blandford, 1894. Synonymy Choo 1983.BMNH.Syntypes; Japan; Asia; Europe (introduced); North America (introduced): Canada: British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec; United States: Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia.X.germanus has now spread across much of North America, including the Northeast, South and Southeast, and the Pacific Northwest (Originating from Asia, orthwest ; it was orthwest . Disting"}
+{"text": "Correction to: J Med Case Reports (2018) 12:33510.1186/s13256-018-1876-8In the publication of this article , there iThe error:*, Bakaloudi Dimitra-Rafailia, Giannakidis Dimitrios, Koumpoulas Alexandros, Ioannidis Konstantinos, Tsifountoudis Ioannis, Pappas Dimitrios and Spyridopoulos PanagiotisChatzoulis George, Passos IoannisShould instead read:*, Dimitra-Rafailia Bakaloudi, Dimitrios Giannakidis, Alexandros Koumpoulas, Konstantinos Ioannidis, Ioannis Tsifountoudis, Dimitrios Pappas and Panagiotis SpyridopoulosGeorge Chatzoulis, Ioannis PassosThis has now been updated in the original article ."}
+{"text": "Testosterone treatment of men with low testosterone is common and, although relatively short-term, has raised concern regarding an increased risk of prostate cancer (CaP). We investigated the association between modest-duration testosterone treatment and incident aggressive CaP.Retrospective inception cohort study of male Veterans aged 40 to 89 years with a laboratory-defined low testosterone measurement from 2002 to 2011 and recent prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing; excluding those with recent testosterone treatment, prostate or breast cancer, high PSA or prior prostate biopsy. Histologically-confirmed incident aggressive prostate cancer or any prostate cancer were the primary and secondary outcomes, respectively.Of the 147,593 men included, 58,617 were treated with testosterone. 313 aggressive CaPs were diagnosed, 190 among untreated men (incidence rate (IR) 0.57 per 1000 person years, 95% CI 0.49\u20130.65) and 123 among treated men . After adjusting for age, race, hospitalization during year prior to cohort entry, geography, BMI, medical comorbidities, repeated testosterone and PSA testing, testosterone treatment was not associated with incident aggressive CaP  or any CaP . No association between cumulative testosterone dose or formulation and CaP was observed.Among men with low testosterone levels and normal PSA, testosterone treatment was not associated with an increased risk of aggressive or any CaP. The clinical risks and benefits of testosterone treatment can only be fully addressed by large, longer-term randomized controlled trials. Serum testosterone declines with age, such that 20\u201340% of men over 40 years old have low testosterone levels, 2 with We used data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) to determine if current patterns of testosterone use in Veterans are associated with adverse prostate cancer outcomes. We hypothesized that modest-duration testosterone treatment relative to no treatment is associated with an increase in prostate cancer risk and that, among testosterone users, a larger cumulative dose is associated with a higher risk.We created an inception cohort study of men with low serum testosterone followed for initiation of testosterone treatment and incident aggressive prostate cancer. We utilized data from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs VHA, a large, electronically-integrated health care organization that provides medical care to eligible Veterans. The VHA Institutional Review Board approved this study.Men aged 40\u201389 years with a laboratory-defined, low testosterone measurement who received outpatient care in any VHA facility between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2011, had at least 2 in-person VA clinic visits in the year prior to cohort entry, and PSA testing within 6 months of the low testosterone level (and prior to testosterone treatment) were eligible to enter the cohort (Appendix A). Cohort entry was the date of the first low testosterone level or the date of the qualifying PSA test, whichever occurred later. We excluded men with any history of testosterone treatment in the year prior to cohort entry, prevalent or past prostate or breast cancer, PSA \u2265 4.0 ng/dL, or a history of prostate biopsy.We required that men survive one year following cohort entry because we assumed that there is increased potential for diagnosis of pre-existing prostate cancer in the first year and thathttps://www.hsrd.research.va.gov/for_researchers/vinci/default.cfm; email: VINCI@VA.GOV).We collected data from two sources: the Corporate Data Warehouse (CDW), and the Veterans Affairs Central Cancer Registry (VACCR)  diagnostic and procedure codes, and Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) procedure codes .The records obtained from these databases provided demographics, laboratory results and dates, prescription data, dates of clinic visit and hospitalizations, Serum testosterone tests were identified using the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes . Men were classified as having low serum testosterone if they had a total testosterone, free testosterone, free/total testosterone, free testosterone index, or bioavailable testosterone test flagged as low in the reference range used by the specific testing laboratory and used by ordering providers in day-to-day clinical decision making.Testosterone prescriptions were identified using VA National Drug Internal Entry Numbers (IENs).Data included the testosterone formulation , initial prescription date, refill dates, dose, and amount dispensed (Appendices A and B). Treatment initiation was defined as the first prescription for testosterone following cohort entry. We assessed testosterone levels during treatment by averaging all levels measured after the initiation of treatment in testosterone-treated and after cohort entry in untreated men.delivered  that was dispensed in all filled prescriptions.Two methods were used to model the association between time-varying testosterone exposure and prostate cancer risk: 1) Binary exposure where men were regarded as not treated until they received their first testosterone prescription and as treated thereafter, even if treatment was intermittent or later discontinued ; and 2) Time-varying cumulative dose, calculated by summing the amount in mg of testosterone aggressive or any prostate cancer, respectively, between January 1, 2002 and September 30, 2012. All prostate cancers were histologically confirmed in the VACCR which provided cancer histology, Gleason score, clinical stage, and PSA at the time of diagnosis (Appendix C).The primary and secondary outcomes were the first occurrence of Aggressive cancer was defined by the presence one of the following: Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Summary Stage (distant metastases) = 7, American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage Group = 4, any metastasis, tumor grade = 4, Gleason score \u2265 8, or PSA at diagnosis \u2265 20 ng/dL.a priori to characterize medical comorbidity  as a dichotomous variable (treated/not treated) with follow-up starting one year after cohort entry; and 2) by cumulative testosterone dose during follow up in 5 categories among new testosterone users , with follow-up starting one year after their first testosterone prescription. We performed baseline adjustment for age, race , site of care, BMI, hospitalization in year prior to cohort entry, and 26 medical comorbidities  men remained in the low-testosterone analysis cohort. During follow-up, 56,833 men initiated testosterone treatment  and free testosterone (14.5%). The median follow-up time for all men was 3.0 years  with 25% of men having follow up for > 5.9 years. Total follow-up time was slightly longer for treated men vs. untreated men .We identified 1,352,977 prescriptions for testosterone, of which 862,344 (63.7%) were intramuscular (IM), 361,644 (26.7%) were topical patches, and 128,989 (9.5%) were topical gels. Of the 56,833 men treated with testosterone, 22,738 (40.0%) were treated solely with IM testosterone, 21,746 (38.3%) solely with topical testosterone, and 12,349 (21.7%) with both. The mean cumulative duration of testosterone treatment was 27.0 (SD 27.3) months. The median cumulative duration of testosterone treatment was 17.3 (interquartile range (IQR) 6.6 to 36.8) months. The median number of PSA tests per year in testosterone treated and untreated men were 0.9  and 0.7  respectively.There was a high burden of medical comorbidities at baseline among cohort members . There wRepeat testosterone testing was more common among testosterone-treated men, with testosterone testing in 15,794 (69.5%) and 14,385 (66.2%) in IM- and topical-treated, respectively, versus 31,540 (35.5%) in untreated men. Untreated men had higher baseline testosterone levels than testosterone-treated men. At follow-up testosterone measurement, testosterone levels were higher among all men, including those who were untreated, and there was little difference in follow-up mean serum testosterone level between untreated and topical testosterone-treated men. However, IM testosterone-treated men had a mean serum testosterone level that was approximately 2-fold greater than that of untreated and topical testosterone-treated men .A total of 313 aggressive prostate cancer events were diagnosed. Among untreated men, there were 190 events (incidence rate (IR) 0.57 per 1000 person years, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49\u20130.65); among testosterone-treated men, there were 123 events  . With baA total of 1,439 any prostate cancers were diagnosed; 848 were diagnosed among untreated  and 591 among testosterone-treated men . In adjusted analyses, there was no difference in risk of any prostate cancer in testosterone-treated versus untreated men: HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.81\u20131.01.In fully-adjusted analyses, there was no association between increasing cumulative testosterone dose and increasing risk of aggressive prostate cancer in testosterone-treated men. However, the highest (\u2265 3200 mg) cumulative dose category was associated with a lower risk for aggressive prostate cancer  and for any prostate cancer  compared with the lowest dose category (1\u2013399 mg). .Among IM-treated men, there was no increased risk for aggressive  or any prostate cancer , relative to untreated men . CumulatAmong topically-treated men, there was no increased risk for aggressive  or any prostate cancer  relative to untreated men . CumulatSensitivity analyses, considering separately men who at cohort entry were aged under 70 years and men who were aged 70 years or older, yielded results consistent with those of the primary analyses. Sensitivity analyses that extended the survival requirement, commencing follow-up at 3 years and 5 years  after cohort entry, also yielded results consistent with those of the primary analyses .In analyses adjusted for time-varying medical comorbidities, repeat testosterone testing, and intensity of PSA monitoring, and that followed men for a median of 3.0 years, we observed that in men with low testosterone levels and normal PSA levels at baseline, testosterone treatment was not associated with increased incidence of aggressive or any prostate cancer compared with untreated men. Among men who initiated treatment, we found no evidence of increased aggressive or any prostate cancer risk with increasing cumulative dose of testosterone treatment, and when our analysis was limited to men who were treated only with intramuscular or topical  testosterone.These findings are important given the rise in testosterone treatment and concerns for its potential associated risks. Given the association between testosterone treatment and increase in PSA levels and prostate biopsy, information on the near term risk of prostate cancer among this group of men is important for clinical decision making. In hypogonadal men, testosterone treatment increases prostate size and PSA., 16 ExogObservational studies, 11, 26 Our study cohort was selected to be similar to that of a clinical trial of testosterone treatment: no testosterone treatment in the prior year; no previous diagnosis of prostate or breast cancer; and a serum PSA level < 4 ng/dL. To control for potential differences between testosterone-treated and untreated men, we performed time-varying adjustments for 26 medical comorbidities, repeat testosterone testing, and the intensity of PSA screening as these factors may have affected the likelihood of being treated with testosterone and detecting prostate cancer.We analyzed only men who survived one year after entering the cohort  or one year after initiating testosterone treatment  because we assumed that testosterone treatment may lead to increased screening and detection of occult prostate cancer in the first year of treatment. We chose aggressive prostate cancer as the primary outcome because it is the most clinically impactful, leading to higher morbidity and mortality than non-aggressive prostate cancer.Our study is the largest pharmaco-epidemiologic study to examine the association between testosterone treatment and prostate cancer. Men were selected for having low testosterone levels and normal PSA levels, a population that is often treated with testosterone, although clinical manifestations of androgen deficiency were not available. A large number of prostate cancers were observed. Data were coded at clinical encounters, not through abstraction. Baseline testosterone and PSA were documented on all men and most treated men had follow-up testosterone and PSA levels. Many subjects received IM testosterone, which has more predictable bioavailability than topical testosterone. All prostate cancers were histologically-confirmed with tumor grade and stage assessment. Furthermore, we adjusted for repeat testosterone testing, PSA screening and changing medical comorbidity over time.minimum of five years were consistent with our primary analyses.There are limitations of the study. Despite extensive adjustments, residual confounding is possible. We approached confounding adjustment in a time-dependent manner using 26 medical conditions. Alternative analytic methods, such as propensity scores that address the imbalance of characteristics in those who did and did not receive treatment, are possible, but with a large number of subjects and events, propensity scores do not to offer advantages over time-dependent multivariable adjustment . It is fAmong men with low testosterone and normal PSA levels who were followed for a median of 3 years, compared with untreated men, men treated with testosterone were not at increased risk of incident aggressive or any prostate cancer. The longer term clinical risks and benefits of testosterone treatment can only be definitively addressed by large, long-term randomized controlled trials.Age at time of cohort entry40 to 89 years at time of first low T testDefined as:AgeSeptember 30, 2012 (end of study)730 days after the last in-person VA clinic visitDate of deathFor the primary outcome of aggressive prostate cancer: diagnosis of non-aggressive prostate cancer Censored from follow-up at the earliest of the following:Defined as:Censoring criteriaInternational Classification of Diseases ninth edition) codes for breast cancer in the year prior to cohort entryICD-9  codes for prostate cancer treatment in the year prior to cohort entryCPT  in the year prior to cohort entryHistologically-confirmed diagnosis of prostate cancer in the VACCR  laboratory codesLOINC Not updated after baselineDefined as:AgeICD-9 codesVA National Drug Internal Entry Numbers) for alpha-blockers and 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors for BPH in the year prior to cohort entryIENs 2)< 18.518.5\u201324.925.0\u201329.930.0\u201334.9\u2265 355 categoriesDefined as:BMI recorded closest to cohort entry date, with preference for prior to cohort entryUpdated after baseline only with ICD-9 codes for obesityBased on:ICD-9 codes: V85.4x, 278.01Codes used:BMI ICD-9 codesBased on:ICD-9 codes: 428.xx, 398.91Codes used:Chronic Heart FailureICD-9 codesBased on:ICD-9 codes: 456.0, 456.1, 456.2x, 571.2, 571.3, 571.40, 571.41, 571.42, 571.49, 571.5, 571.6, 571.8, 571.9, 572.2, 572.3, 572.4, 572.8Codes used:Chronic Liver FailureICD-9 codesBased on:ICD-9 codes: 491.2x, 492.xx, 493.xx (NOT 493.81 or 493.82), 496.xxCodes used:Chronic Lung DiseaseICD-9 codesIENs for long-acting opiates  in the 90 days prior to cohort entryBased on:ICD-9 codes: 338.2xIENs: 142, 154, 15712, 15714, 160, 162, 17264, 20101, 378, 5800, 150, 15361, 156, 159, 21479, 387, 5799, 136, 147, 151, 152, 153, 15362, 155, 15703, 161, 163, 164, 165, 16557, 17697, 394, 396, 5801, 138, 139, 141, 143, 148, 149, 157, 15763, 158, 16556, 377, 5802Codes used:Chronic PainICD-9 codesCPT codesBased on:ICD-9 codes: 36.0x, 36.1x, 36.2x, V45.81, V45.82, 410.xx, 411.1, 411.8, 411.81, 411.89, 412.xx, 413.x, 414.xx (NOT 414.1x)CPT codes: 33510, 33511, 33512, 33513, 33514, 33516, 33517, 33518, 33519, 33521, 33522, 33523, 92980, 92981, 92982, 92984, 92985Codes used:Coronary Artery Disease (includes hard/soft outcomes)ICD-9 codesIENs for oral hypoglycemics and insulin in the year prior to cohort entryLOINC laboratory codes for HbA1c > 6 in the year prior to cohort entryBased on:ICD-9 codes: 250.xx, 362.0xIENs: 22955, 17238, 17239, 14371, 14913, 16264, 16280, 17587, 18029, 19354, 20717, 822, 826, 829, 831, 834, 838, 841, 845, 846, 850, 852, 858, 862, 863, 868, 873, 874, 879, 880, 886, 888, 889, 891, 13113, 13485, 16265, 16466, 16467, 16746, 17588, 18242, 18243, 18690, 823, 824, 828, 836, 837, 842, 844, 853, 856, 867, 869, 871, 875, 882, 885, 890, 13351, 13484, 14591, 14592, 16199, 16200, 16437, 16665, 17851, 18590, 19355, 825, 827, 839, 840, 851, 854, 855, 857, 859, 860, 864, 866, 870, 877, 881, 883, 884, 887, 13352, 13353, 13486, 14476, 14477, 16263, 16370, 17849, 17850, 17894, 19356, 20714, 821, 830, 832, 833, 835, 843, 847, 848, 849, 861, 865, 872, 876, 878, 892, 12469, 12485, 13579, 14537, 15347, 15983, 16137, 17220, 1780, 18086, 18282, 1836, 19238, 2079, 21861, 22043, 22947, 23321, 23629, 23631, 23632, 23638, 23797, 4519, 12369, 12470, 12472, 12483, 12484, 12594, 12766, 13507, 13508, 13580, 13581, 13712, 13713, 13714, 14538, 14620, 15981, 15982, 16125, 16139, 17926, 18281, 1837, 19239, 2078, 20859, 22946, 22948, 22959, 23796, 2877, 576, 12468, 12471, 12592, 12593, 12768, 12901, 12976, 13875, 14539, 14941, 16635, 16711, 1779, 1781, 1782, 17912, 18006, 18009, 20177, 21862, 22042, 22389, 22732, 22733, 22958, 22960, 23333, 23623, 23624, 23630, 23637, 2876, 2879, 2880, 4518, 4520, 4521, 12370, 12767, 12899, 12900, 13509, 14319, 14940, 16124, 16126, 16138, 17191, 17542, 17543, 17925, 17927, 18007, 18008, 18010, 18011, 18085, 19240, 20559, 20561, 20858, 22041, 22731, 23332, 23622, 23628, 23633, 2878, 2881, 577, 21531, 17188, 19123, 19375, 19124, 19125LOINCs: 41995\u20132, 55454\u20133, 4548\u20134, 4549\u20132, 17855\u20138, 17856\u20136, 59261\u20138, 71875\u20139, 62388\u20134Codes used:DiabetesICD-9 codesBMI recorded closest to cohort entry is < 18.5Based on:ICD-9 codes: 728.2x, 783.7x, 797.xxCodes used:FrailtyVeterans Integrated Service Network) listed in the patient\u2019s record closest to cohort entry dateThe \u201cHome VISN\u201d Codes used:MalignancyICD-9 codesBased on:ICD-9 codes: V85.4x, 278.01Codes used:Morbid ObesityICD-9 codesBased on:ICD-9 codes: 733.00, 733.01, 733.02, 733.09Codes used:OsteoporosisICD-9 codesCPT codesBased on:ICD-9 codes: 38.18, 38.19, 38.38, 38.39, 38.48, 38.49, 38.88, 38.89, 39.25, 39.26, 39.28, 39.29, 39.50, 39.90, 433, 433.9, 440.2x, 440.3x, 440.4x, 442.x, 443.x, 445.0xCPT codes: 34800, 34802, 34803, 34804, 34805, 35226, 35256, 35286, 35351, 35355, 35371, 35372, 35381, 35454, 35456, 35459, 35473, 35474, 35482, 35483, 35485, 35492, 35493, 35495, 35546, 35548, 35549, 35551, 35556, 35558, 35563, 35565, 35566, 35571, 35583, 35585, 35587, 35646, 35656, 35661, 35663, 35665, 35666, 35671Codes used:Peripheral Vascular DiseaseICD-9 codesLOINC laboratory codes for HCT > 52 in the year prior to cohort entryBased on:ICD-9 codes: 289.0xLOINCs: 24360\u20130, 4544\u20133, 71833\u20138, 4545\u20130, 48703\u20133, 20570\u20138, 41655\u20132, 71830\u20134, 31100\u20131Codes used:PolycythemiaNot screened in the last 12 monthsScreened in the last 6\u201312 monthsScreened in the last 6 months3 categoriesDefined as:Date of most recent PSA measureLOINC laboratory codesBased on:LOINC codes: 19195\u20137, 19197\u20133, 2857\u20131, 35741\u20138, 10886\u20130, 19201\u20133, 19203\u20139, 12841\u20133, 14120\u20130, 33667\u20137, 15323\u20139, 15324\u20137, 15325\u20134Codes used:PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) screeningBlackWhiteOther3 categoriesNot updated after baselineDefined as:RaceNo repeat T measureFirst repeat T level lowFirst repeat T level non-low3 categoriesRepeat T levels prior to treatment initiation onlyT level updated only at first repeat T levelDefined as:LOINC laboratory codesBased on:LOINC codes: 14913\u20138, 1639\u20134, 21555\u20138, 2986\u20138, 49041\u20137, 49042\u20137, 55519\u20133, 58835\u20130, 70239\u20139, 51005\u20137, 58716\u20132, 49042\u20135, 49043\u20133, 70240\u20137, 58952\u20133, 2990\u20130, 30123\u20134, 14914\u20136, 25987\u20139, 2991\u20138, 35225\u20132, 24125\u20137, 15432\u20138, 16286\u20137, 17686\u20137Codes used:Repeat T levelsICD-9 codesIENs for PDE5 inhibitors for ED and other ED drugs in the year prior to cohort entryBased on:ICD-9 codes: 302.70, 302.71, 302.72, 302.74, 302.75, 302.76, 607.84, 799.81IENs: 16380, 16384, 12823, 16381, 16385, 16522, 20312, 22644, 12822, 12824, 16520, 16521, 16379, 16382, 16383, 16146, 2956, 2957, 2962, 2963, 2954, 2961, 2964, 16147, 16509, 2955, 2965, 16148Codes used:Sexual DysfunctionICD-9 codesBased on:ICD-9 codes: 780.51, 780.53, 780.57Codes used:Sleep ApneaICD-9 codesIENs for smoking cessation drugs in the year prior to cohort entryBased on:ICD-9 codes: V15.82, 305.1x, 989.84IENs: 17847, 23100, 9697, 9703, 16376, 18746, 18749, 22944, 5095, 9700, 9701, 16375, 17845, 18747, 5096, 9696, 13203, 16685, 17846, 17848, 18748, 22943, 9694, 9695, 9698, 9699, 9702Codes used:SmokingCumulative exposure levelAccumulates at the end of each prescription1\u2013399 mg400\u2013799 mg800\u20131599 mg1600\u20133199 mg3200+ mg5 categoriesBased on IENs for testosteroneBased on pharmacy dataBased on:IENs: 513, 514, 515, 516, 518, 524, 525, 526, 527, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 14379, 14380, 14775, 15507, 15508, 16064, 16544, 17475, 17503, 17901, 21468, 21470, 21471, 22219, 22384, 22523, 22526, 22791, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 512, 517, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 528, 529, 1301, 1302, 1303, 3055, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3795, 4220, 4550, 4551, 4552, 4553, 4554, 4555, 4556, 6577, 6578, 6976, 16141Codes used:Testosterone exposureIENsPharmacy dataBased on:IENs: 513, 514, 515, 516, 518, 524, 525, 526, 527, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 14379, 14380, 14775, 15507, 15508, 16064, 16544, 17475, 17503, 17901, 21468, 21470, 21471, 22219, 22384, 22523, 22526, 22791, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 512, 517, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 528, 529, 1301, 1302, 1303, 3055, 3637, 3638, 3639, 3795, 4220, 4550, 4551, 4552, 4553, 4554, 4555, 4556, 6577, 6578, 6976, 1614Codes used:Testosterone FormulationICD-9 codesBased on:ICD-9 codes: 310.2x, 801.xx, 800.xx, 802.xx, 803.xx, 804.xxCodes used:Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)ICD-9 codesIENs for blood thinners used for DVT in the year prior to cohort entryBased on:ICD-9 codes: 415.1, 415.11, 415.12, 415.13, 415.19, 453.xxIENs: 11785, 12935, 12938, 13678, 15894, 17111, 18874, 18877, 21208, 21213, 21214, 21215, 22021, 22022, 22575, 22765, 4653, 4654, 4658, 4660, 12362, 12932, 13675, 13676, 15440, 15895, 15896, 17183, 18878, 21207, 21209, 21210, 21212, 22573, 22764, 22766, 4652, 4656, 11784, 11787, 12936, 13624, 13625, 13674, 13677, 13679, 15439, 17110, 17112, 18876, 19109, 21211, 22019, 22020, 4650, 4651, 4657, 4659, 11783, 11786, 12360, 12361, 12933, 12934, 14609, 15480, 22763, 4655, 5592, 5593Codes used:Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary EmbolismHistologically-confirmed prostate cancer onlyDiagnosed after cohort entrySEER Summary Stage = 7AJCC Stage Group = 4 or IVAny metastasisTumor Grade = 4Gleason Score \u2265 8PSA \u2265 20Must be classified as one or more of the following:Defined as:Aggressive Prostate CancerHistologically-confirmed prostate cancer onlyDiagnosed after cohort entryIncludes aggressive prostate cancerDefined as:Data from VACCRBased on:Any Prostate CancerS1 Fig(DOCX)Click here for additional data file.S1 Table(DOCX)Click here for additional data file.S2 Table(DOCX)Click here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Equus caballus) is decribed in detail using high field MRI. The study includes sagittal, dorsal, and transverse T2-weighted images at 0.25 mm resolution at 3 Tesla and 3D models of the brain presenting the external morphology of the brain. Representative gallocyanin stained histological slides of the same brain are presented. The images represent a useful tool for MR image interpretation in horses and may serve as a starting point for further research aiming at in vivo analysis in this species.In this study, the morphology of the horse brain ( Neuroimaging is increasingly important in veterinary large animal neurology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more and more used to evaluate intracranial diseases in horses with neurological signs \u201312. HighThe head of an eight years old warm blood horse was examined post-mortem. The animal was euthanized due to a complicated tarsal fracture. The horse was sedated with 0.4 mg/kg xylazin  injected in an intraveneous catheter in the jugular vein. General anesthesia was induced with 0.1 mg/kg diazepam (Diazepam AbZ) and 2.2 mg/kg ketamine (Narketan 10). Euthanasia was performed using 0.12ml/kgkg embutramid (T61). No neurological findings were observed at previous clinical examination. Directly after euthanasia the head was dissected between fourth and fifth cervical vertebrae and was trimmed to fit into a standard human knee coil. MRI was performed 90 minutes after death of the animal. Owner consent was obtained for use of the head in scientific research. All data was anonymized.2 field of view (FOV) at 512 x 512 matrix size resulting in 0.25 mm in-plane resolution and 1mm slice distance. Optimum contrast was obtained with 8500 milliseconds (ms) repetition time (TR) and while the echotime (TE) was adjusted to 12 ms. Image acquisition was anisotropic, which is why sagittal and horizontal planes were not recalculated but obtained in consecutive scan sessions. Total scan time was 4 hours and 55 minutes.MRI scans were performed on a 3-Tesla Magnetom Verio scanner  using an eight channel phased array human knee coil. Anatomical images of the entire brain were acquired in transverse, sagittal and dorsal planes, using a T2-weighted spin echo sequence. To achieve a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), 32 averages were accumulated obtaining slices of 3 mm thickness with 672x672mmImages were reviewed using AMIRA (Mercury Computer Systems) graphical software. This program allows interactive assessment of morphology in all image planes. A 3D model of the outer brain surface was generated based on free hand segmentation of the brain outlines in transverse MR-images. Image segmentation in this context describes the manual tracing of the brain surface. All voxels corresponding to a single anatomical structure in the images are selected and assigned to the same value in the mask. The final mask thus contains information about all selected anatomical structures and, in combination with the original data and polygonal surface reconstruction algorithms, allows the identification of sulci and gyri in 2 D images in association with the produced 3D model. Anatomic structures including the sulci and gyri were identified using a published atlas  and by cHistological slides in transverse orientation were obtained to support image analysis. After scanning, the brain was removed and fixed by immersion in 10% formalin for 2 weeks. Due to the large size of the brain, the brainstem with the cerebellum was severed at the level of the rostral pons and the hemispheres were divided. Brain tissue was dehydrated in 96% alcohol and embedded with 8% celloidin  for 48 h. The brain together with an excess of 8% celloidin were placed into a big transparent PVC embedding form. The celloidin was concentrated to 16% in a dessicator by a slight vacuum (150 millibar). The 16% celloidin was finally hardened by chloroform vapors and one day prior to cutting with 70% ethanol. The celloidin blocks were serially sectioned on a sliding microtome  with section thickness of 350 \u03bcm. Celloidin served as a support, guiding the microtome knife through the tissue block and preventing tangentially cut gyri from floating away during subsequent staining procedures. Slicing of the histology slides was performed perpendicular to the brainstem axis to match the same orientation as the MR transverse image slices. The slices were then stained free-floating in gallocyanin-chromalum  quenchedA 3D rendered model  demonstrThe lateral rhinal fissure  is seen as a thin sheet of brain tissue below the rostrum of the corpus callosum . Fibers coming from the cerebral convolutions converge in the dorsal hemisphere to a great mass of white matter. Dorsal to the lateral ventricles and corpus callosum, it forms the semioval centre  lies dorsally to the zona incerta, H2 ventrally to it arching over the dorsal border of the subthalamic nucleus (lenticular fasciculus)  [The subthalamus is a region formed by several grey matter nuclei and their associated white matter structures. The subthalamic nucleus : stn is ciculus) : H1, H2   \u201332. The The hypothalamus forms the basal wall of the third ventricle; the hypothalamic sulcus , which is formed by neurons that form a caudal continuation of the diencephalic periventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. These neuronal masses surround the aqueduct and continue throughout the midbrain. Its shape, as seen in transverse sections, varies at different levels. Scattered throughout the central grey substance are numerous nuclei, which are collectively called the tegmental nuclei. Besides these scattered nuclei the central grey substance contains the nuclei of the oculomotor  lobule  ending in the contra-lateral red nucleus and the ventral thalamus. The caudal lobe has extensive cortico-pontocerebellar connections via the middle cerebellar peduncles  from the ventrolateral pons. The trigeminal ganglion . The facial nerve proceeds upwards and exits the brainstem laterally , and is no longer visible from the outer surface . Little The horse has been referred to as being a macrosmatic mammal . InteresThe descending tracts from the motor and premotor region in the cortex running to the internal capsule and continue to form the cerebral peduncles are not well developed. The pyramids are comparatively small . The bulThe shape of the equine cerebellum has been described as beeing very chracteristic amongst ungulates , 38. In S1 Table(DOCX)Click here for additional data file.S1 FigRfi: rhinal fissure, Sss: suprasylvian sulcus.cin: cingulum, cig: cingulate gyrus, Cor: coronal sulcus, cor: coronal gyrus, Cru: cruciate sulcus, Dia: diagonal sulcus, Ectg: ectogenula sulcus, Ecs: ectosylvian sulcus, Gen: genual sulcus, lot: lateral olfactory tract, mot: medial olfactory tract, olr: olfactory recess, Prr: prorean sulcus, prr: prorean gyrus, Prs: presylvian sulcus, (TIF)Click here for additional data file.S2 Figacn: accumbens nucleus, cc: colossal commissure, cin: cingulum, cla: claustrum, cn: caudate nucleus, cor: coronal gyrus, Cor: coronal sulcus, Cru: cruciate sulcus, cso: centrum semiovale, Dia: diagonal sulcus, ec: external capsule, Ecs: ectosylvian sulcus, fsc: subcallosal fasciculus, gcc: genu of the corpus callosum, Gen: genual sulcus, ic: internal capsule, log: lateral olfactory gyrus, lot: lateral olfactory tract, lv: lateral ventrikel, mot: medial olfactory tract, Prs: presylvian sulcus, put: putamen, Rfi: rhinal fissure, Scl: sulcus of corpus callosum, ssg: suprasylvian gyrus, Sss: suprasylvian sulcus.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S3 Figacn: accumbens nucleus, Ans: Ansate sulcus, cla: claustrum, cig: cingulate gyrus, cin: cingulum, cn: caudate nucleus, Cor: coronal sulcus, cso: centrum semiovale, ec: external capsule, Ecs: ectosylvian sulcus, Eng: endogenual sulcus, ex: extreme capsule, fsc: subcallosal fasciculus, gcc: genu of the corpus callosum, Gen: genual sulcus, ic: internal capsule, lot: lateral olfactory tract, mot: medial olfactory tract, otb: olfactory tubercle, put: putamen, rcc: radition of corpus callosum, Rfi: rhinal fissure, sl: lateral septal nuclei, sm: medial septal nuclei.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S4 Figcc: callosal commissure, cho: optic chiasm, cig: cingulate gyrus, cin: cingulum, cla: claustrum, cn: caudate nucleus, cso: centrum semiovale, dbb: diagonal band of broca, Dias: diagonal sulcus , ec: external capsule, ecs: ectosylvian gyrus, Ecs: ectosylvian sulcus, Enrh: endorhinal sulcus, ex: extreme capsule, fsc: subcallosal fasciculus, gp: globus pallidus, ic: internal capsule, icl: islands of Calleja, ins: insular cortex, log: lateral olfactory gyrus, lot: lateral olfactory tract, lv: lateral ventricle, otb: olfactory tubercle, put: putamen, rc: rostral commissure, rcc: radiation of corpus callosum, Rfi: rhinal fissure, Scl: sulcus of corpus callosum, sl: lateral septal nuclei, sm: medial septal nuclei, Spl: splenial sulcus, Sss: suprasylvian sulcus, Syl: Sylvian fissure.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S5 FigAns: ansate sulcus, ansl: ansa lenticularis, cc: corpus callosum, cho: optic chiasm, cig: cingulate gyrus, cin: cingulum, cla: claustrum, cn: caudate nucleus, cso: supraoptic commissure, ec: external capsule, Ecs: ectosylvian sulcus, ectosylvian gyrus, ex: extreme capsule, fsc: subcallosal fasciculus, gp: globus pallidus, ic: internal capsule, log: lateral olfactory gyrus, lot: lateral olfactory tract, lv: lateral ventricle, Mar: marginal sulcus, mar: marginal gyrus, prpc: prepiriform cortex, put: putamen, rc: rostral commissure, rcc: radiation of corpus callosum, Rfi: rhinal fissure, Scl: sulcus of corpus callosum, smt: stria medullaris thalami, Spl: splenial sulcus, Sss: suprasylvian sulcus, stt: terminal stria, Syl: sylvian fissure, syl: sylvian sulcus, tl: terminal lamina.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S6 Figab: amygdaloid body,alv: alveus, Ans: ansate sulcus, cc: corpus callosum, cin: cingulum, cig: cingulate gyrus, cf: column of fornix, cfo: corpus of fornix, cn: caudate nucleus, crc: cerebral crus, ec: external capsule, Ecs: ectosylvian sulcus, ecs: ectosylvian gyrus, ex: extreme capsule, fmt: mammilo-thalamic fasciculus, fsc: subcallosal fasciculus, hs: hypothalamic sulcus, ic: internal capsule, ita: interthalamic adhesion, lme: external medullary lamina, lv: lateral ventricle, Mar: marginal sulcus, mar: marginal gyrus, nad: nucleus anterior dorsalis thalami, nrt: reticular nucleus of the thalamus, Obl: oblique sulcus, obl: oblique gyrus, pfc: piriform cortex, put: putamen, rcc: radiation of corpus callosum, Rfi: rhinal fissure, slu: gyrus semilunaris, smt: stria medullaris thalami, ssg: suprasylvian gyrus, Sss: suprasylvian sulcus, stt: terminal stria, syl: sylvian gyrus, Syl: sylvian fissure, 3: third ventricle.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S7 Figalv: alveus, are: entorhinal area, cam: cornu amonis, cc: corpus calosum, cla: claustrum, cn: caudate nucleus, crc: cerebral crus, dg: dentate gyrus, fh: fimbria of the hippocampus, fsc: subcallosal fasciculus, H1: fields of Forel 1, H2: Fields of Forel 2, ha: habenula, han: habenular nuclei, hf: hippocampal fissure, hit: habenulo-interpeduncular tract, ins: insular cortex, lgb: lateral geniculate body, lme: external medullary lamina, lv: lateral ventricle, mgb: medial geniculate body, ml: medial lemniscus, nrt: reticular nucleus of the thalamus, or: optic radiation, ot: optic tract, pcm: peduncles of the mammillary body, pul: pulvinar nuclei, Rfi: rhinal fissure, Sgs: sagittal sulcus, snr: substantia nigra, sub: subiculum, stt: terminal stria, Syl: sylvian fissure, zi: zona incerta.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S8 Figare: entorhinal area, alv: alveus, cam: ammon\u2019s horn, CA1: cornu ammonis field 1, CA2: cornu ammonis field 2, CA3: cornu ammonis field 3; CA4: cornu ammonis field 4, cdc: caudal colliculus, cgs: central grey substance, cha: habenular commissure, cn: caudate nucleus, crc: cerebral crus, df: dentate fascia, fh: fimbria of the hippocampus, flv: ventral longitudinal fasciculus, fsc: subcallosal fasciculus, lgb: lateral geniculate body, mgb: medial geniculate body, ml: medial lemniscus, or: optic radiation, ot: optic tract, pb: pineal body, pcm: peduncles of the mammillary body, prs: presubiculum, pta: pretectal area, pul: pulvinar nuclei, Rfi: rhinal fissure, rn: red nucleus, scc: splenium of corpus callosum, scmo: subcommissural organ, snrc: pars compacta of the substantia nigra, snrr: pars reticularis of the substantia nigra, sub: subiculum, vtc: ventral tegmental commissure.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S9 Figaq: mesencephalic aqueduct, bcc: brachium of the caudal colliculus, cgs: central grey substance, ctt: central tegmental tract, nmt: mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve, pb: pineal body, slm: sulcus limitans.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S10 Figaq: mesencephalic aqueduct, bcc: brachium of the caudal colliculus, cdc: caudal colliculus, cst: corticospinal tract, dtn: decussation of the trochlear nerve, flm: medial longitudinal fasciculus, ftp: transverse fibres of the pons, ipd: interpeduncular nucleus, lal: lateral lemniscus, mcp: medial cerebellar peduncle, ml: medial lemniscus, nII: nucleus of lateral lemniscus, npo: nuclei of the pons, nto: nucleus of trochlear nerves, rcp: rostral cerebellar peduncle, rf: reticular formation, rst: rubrospinal tract, tmnt: mesencephalic tract of the trigeminal nerve, VI: abducence nerve.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S11 Figcst: corticospinal tract, fld: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus, flm: medial longitudinal fasciculus, IaI: lateral lemniscus, mcp: medial cerebellar peduncle, ml: medial lemniscus, nII: nucleus of lateral lemniscus, npo: nuclei of the pons, ppd: parapeduncular nuclei, rcp: rostral cerebellar peduncle, rf: reticular formation, vst: vestibulospinal tract, V: trigeminal nerve.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S12 Figdctb: decussation of the trapezoid body, flm: medial longitudinal fasciculus, gnf: genu of the facial nerve, nab: nucleus of the abducent nerve, ncd: dorsal cochlear nucleus, ncv: ventral cochlear nucleus, ndct: superior olivary nucleus, ntsn: nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, nvl: lateral vestibular nuclei, pyr: pyramidal tract, rcp: rostral cerebellar peduncle, rf: reticular formation, rnf: radix of the facial nerve, rst: rubro-spinal tract, slm: sulcus limitans, tb: trapezoid body, tsnt: spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, VI: roots of the abducence nerve, VII: facial nerve, VIII: vestibulocochleal nerve.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S13 Figccp: caudal cerebellar peduncle, dctb: decussation of the fibres of trapezoid body, flm: medial longitudinal fasciculus, li: lingula of the vermis, mcp: medial cerebellar peduncle, ncd: dorsal cochlear nucleus, ncv: ventral cochlear nucleus, ndct: superior olivary nucleus, ntsn: nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, nvl: lateral vestibular nuclei, nvm: medial vestibular nucleus, pyr: pyramidal tract, rst: rubrospinal tract, slm: sulcus limitans, tac: acoustic tubercle, tb: trapezoid body, tsnt: spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, VI: roots of the abducence nerve, VIII: vestibulocochleal nerve.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S14 Figamb: ambiguus nucleus, ccp: caudal cerebellar peduncle, cun: cunetae nucleus, flm: medial longitudinal fasciculus, hypn: nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve, nfl: nucleus of the lateral fascicle, ntsn: nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, oli: olivary nucleus, pyr: pyramidal tract, sol: nucleus of the solitary tract, soln: nucleus of the solitary trasct, tsnt: spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, vagn: nucleus of the vagus nerve, X: vagus nerve.(TIF)Click here for additional data file.S15 Figcec: central canal, cst: corticospinal tract, cun: cuneate nucleus, gra: gracile nucleus, hypn: nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve, nfl: nucleus of the lateral fascicle, ntsn: nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, obx: obex, oli: olivary nucleus, pyr: pyramidal tract, soln: nucleus of the solitary tract, sol: solitary tract, tsnt: spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, vgn: nucleus of the vagus nerve.(TIF)Click here for additional data file."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Implementation Science (2015) 10:2.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-014-0193-xFollowing publication of the original article  the authAcknowledgementsThe preparation of this manuscript was supported, in kind, through the National Institutes of Health R13 award entitled, \u201cDevelopment and Dissemination of Rigorous Methods for Training and Implementation of Evidence-Based Behavioral Health Treatments\u201d granted to PI: KA Comtois from 2010 to 2015. Dr. Bryan J. Weiner\u2019s time on the project was supported by the following funding: NIH CTSA at UNC UL1TR00083. We would also like to acknowledge the numerous undergraduate research assistants (RAs) who contributed countless hours to this project. Indiana University RAs listed in alphabetical order: Hayley Ciosek, Caitlin Dorsey, Dorina Feher, Sarah Fischer, Amanda Gray, Charlotte Hancock, Hilary Harris, Elise Hoover, Taylor Marshall, Elizabeth Parker, Paige Schultz, Monica Schuring, Theresa Thymoski, Lucia.Walsh, Kaylee Will, Rebecca Zauel, Wanni Zhou, Anna Zimmerman, and Nelson Zounlome. University of Montana RAs (undergraduate and graduate) listed in alphabetical order: Kaitlyn Ahlers, Sarah Bigley, Melina Chapman, May Conley, Lindsay Crosby, Bridget Gibbons, Eleana Joyner, Samantha Moore, Julie Oldfield, Kinsey Owen, Amy Peterson, and Mark Turnipseed.University of North Carolina RAs: Emily Haines and Connor Kaine.In addition, the authors would like to acknowledge Lindsay Crosby (now Dr. Lindsay Meyer) who contributed significant writing portions to this manuscript."}
+{"text": "The Acknowledgments contain an error. J. Spencer Johnston should be listed as a member of The International Aphid Genomics Consortium (IAGC).J. Spencer Johnston is affiliated with the Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.The Acknowledgements should read:The members of The International Aphid Genomics Consortium (IAGC) are as follows: Sequencing leadership: Stephen Richards, Richard A. Gibbs, Project Leadership: Nicole M. Gerardo, Nancy Moran, Atsushi Nakabachi, Stephen Richards, David Stern, Denis Tagu, Alex C. C. Wilson; DNA sequence and global analysis: DNA sequencing: Sequence Production: Donna Muzny, Christie Kovar, Andy Cree, Joseph Chacko, Mimi N. Chandrabose, Marvin Diep Dao, Huyen H. Dinh, Ramatu Ayiesha Gabisi, Sandra Hines, Jennifer Hume, Shalini N. Jhangian, Vandita Joshi, Lora R. Lewis, Yih-shin Liu, John Lopez, Margaret B. Morgan, Ngoc Bich Nguyen, Geoffrey O. Okwuonu, San Juana Ruiz, Jireh Santibanez, Rita A. Wright; Sequence Production Informatics: Gerald R. Fowler, Matthew E. Hitchens, Ryan J. Lozado, Charles Moen, David Steffen, James T. Warren, Jingkun Zhang; Sequence Library Production: Lynne V. Nazareth, Dean Chavez, Clay Davis, Sandra L. Lee, Bella Mayurkumar Patel, Ling-Ling Pu, Stephanie N. Bell, Angela Jolivet Johnson, Selina Vattathil, Rex L. Williams Jr.; Full length ESTs: Shuji Shigenobu, David Stern, Stephen Richards, Phat M. Dang, Mizue Morioka, Takema Fukatsu, Toshiaki Kudo, Shin-ya Miyagishima, Atsushi Nakabachi; Genome size: J. Spencer Johnston; Genome Assembly: Huaiyang Jiang, Stephen Richards, Kim C. Worley; AphidBase and bioinformatics resources: Fabrice Legeai, Jean-Pierre Gauthier, Olivier Collin, Shuji Shigenobu, Denis Tagu; Gene prediction and consensus gene set: Fabrice Legeai, Lan Zhang, Jean-Pierre Gauthier, Shuji Shigenobu, Denis Tagu, Stephen Richards, Hsiu-Chuan Chen, Olga Ermolaeva, Wratko Hlavina, Yuri Kapustin, Boris Kiryutin, Paul Kitts, Donna Maglott, Terence Murphy, Kim Pruitt, Victor Sapojnikov, Alexandre Souvorov, Fran\u00e7oise Thibaud-Nissen, Francisco C\u00e2mara, Roderic Guig\u00f3, Mario Stanke, Victor Solovyev, Peter Kosarev, Don Gilbert; Phylogenomic Analyses: Toni Gabald\u00f3n, Jaime Huerta-Cepas, Marina Marcet-Houben, Miguel Pignatelli, Don Gilbert, Andr\u00e9s Moya; Gene duplications: Claude Rispe, Morgane Ollivier, Fabrice Legeai, Denis Tagu; Transposable elements: Hadi Quesneville, Emmanuelle Permal, Andr\u00e9s Moya, Carlos Llorens, Ricardo Futami, Alex C. C. Wilson, Dale Hedges; Telomeres: Hugh M. Robertson; U12-Introns and Seleno-Proteins: Tyler Alioto, Marco Mariotti, Roderic Guig\u00f3; Symbiosis: Bacterial and mitochondrial genes in the aphid genome: Naruo Nikoh, John P. McCutcheon, Miguel Pignatelli, Gaelen Burke, Nicole M. Gerardo, Alexandra Kamins, Amparo Latorre, Andr\u00e9s Moya, Toshiaki Kudo, Shin-ya Miyagishima, Nancy A. Moran, Atsushi Nakabachi; Metabolism: Peter Ashton, Federica Calevro, Hubert Charles, Stefano Colella, Angela Douglas, Georg Jander, Derek H. Jones, G\u00e9rard Febvay, Lars G. Kamphuis, Philip F. Kushlan, Sandy Macdonald, John Ramsey, Julia Schwartz, Stuart Seah, Gavin Thomas, Augusto Vellozo, Alex C. C. Wilson; Comparative genomics of Buchnera: Shuji Shigenobu, Stephen Richards, Nancy Moran, Shin-ya Miyagishima, Atsushi Nakabachi; Genome analysis of Regiella insecticola: Bodil Cass, Patrick Degnan, Bonnie Hurwitz, Teresa Leonardo, Ryuichi Koga, Nancy Moran, Stephen Richards, David Stern; Stress and immunity group: Boran Altincicek, Caroline Anselme, Hagop Atamian, Seth M. Barribeau, Martin de Vos, Elizabeth J. Duncan, Jay Evans, Toni Gabaldon, Nicole M. Gerardo, Murad Ghanim, Abdelaziz Heddi, Isgouhi Kaloshian, Amparo Latorre, Carole Vincent-Monegat, Andr\u00e9s Moya, Atsushi Nakabachi, Ben J. Parker, Vicente P\u00e9rez-Brocal, Miguel Pignatelli, Yvan Rahb\u00e9, John Ramsey, Chelsea J. Spragg, Javier Tamames, Daniel Tamarit, Cecilia Tamborindeguy, Andreas Vilcinskas; Development group: Shuji Shigenobu, Ryan D. Bickel, Jennifer A. Brisson, Thomas Butts, Chun-che Chang, Olivier Christiaens, Gregory K. Davis, Elizabeth Duncan, David Ferrier, Masatoshi Iga, Ralf Janssen, Hsiao-Ling Lu, Alistair McGregor, Toru Miura, Guy Smagghe, James Smith, Maurijn van der Zee, Rodrigo Velarde, Megan Wilson, Peter Dearden, David Stern; Germ line group: Chun-che Chang, Hsiao-Ling Lu, Ryan D. Bickel, Shuji Shigenobu, Gregory K. Davis; Epigenetics and Methylation: Jennifer A. Brisson, Owain R. Edwards, Karl Gordon, Roland S. Hilgarth, Stanley Dean Rider Jr., Hugh M. Robertson, Dayalan Srinivasan, Thomas K. Walsh; Wing development: Jennifer A. Brisson, Asano Ishikawa, Toru Miura; JH-related: Toru Miura, Jennifer A. Brisson, Asano Ishikawa, St\u00e9phanie Jaubert-Possamai, Denis Tagu, Thomas K. Walsh; Mitosis, meiosis and cell cycle: Dayalan Srinivasan, Brian Fenton, St\u00e9phanie Jaubert-Possamai; Sex determination: Wenting Huang, Derek H. Jones, Alex C. C. Wilson; MicroRNA and phenotypic plasticity: Fabrice Legeai, Thomas K. Walsh, Guillaume Rizk, Owain R. Edwards, Karl Gordon, Dominique Lavenier, Jacques Nicolas, Denis Tagu, St\u00e9phanie Jaubert-Possamai, Claude Rispe; Aphid Plant Interactions: Chemoreceptors: Carole Smadja, Hugh M. Robertson; Odorant-Binding Proteins: Jing-Jiang Zhou, Filipe G. Vieira, Carole Smadja, Xiao-Li He, Renhu Liu, Julio Rozas, Linda M. Field; Detoxification enzymes: Stanley Dean Rider Jr., John Ramsey, Karl Gordon, Thomas K. Walsh, Martin de Vos, Georg Jander; Salivary glands: Peter D. Ashton, Peter Campbell, James C. Carolan, Angela E. Douglas, Owain R. Edwards, Carol I. J. Fitzroy, Lars G. Kamphuis, Karen T. Reardon, Gerald R. Reeck, Karam Singh, Thomas L. Wilkinson; Neuropeptides: Jurgen Huybrechts, Mohatmed Abdel-latief, Alain Robichon, Jan A. Veenstra, Frank Hauser, Giuseppe Cazzamali, Martina Schneider, Michael Williamson, Elisabeth Stafflinger, Karina K. Hansen, Cornelis J. P. Grimmelikhuijzen, Denis Tagu; Transporters: Daniel R.G Price, Marina Caillaud, Eric van Fleet, Qinghu Ren, Yvan Rahb\u00e9, Angela E. Douglas, John A. Gatehouse; Virus transmission and transcytosis group: V\u00e9ronique Brault, Baptiste Monsion, Marina Caillaud, Eric Van Fleet, Jason Diaz, Laura Hunnicutt, Atsushi Nakabachi, Ho-Jong Ju, Cecilia Tamborindeguy, Ximo Pechuan, Jos\u00e9 Aguilar, Daniel Tamarit; Carlos Llorens, Andres Moya; Dynamins: Atsushi Nakabachi, Shin-ya Miyagishima; Circadian rhythms group: Teresa Cort\u00e9s, Benjam\u00edn Ortiz-Rivas, David Mart\u00ednez-Torres; Cuticular proteins: Claude Rispe, Aviv Dombrovsky, St\u00e9phanie Jaubert-Possamai, Denis Tagu; Chitinase-like proteins: Atsushi Nakabachi, Shuji Shigenobu, Shin-ya Miyagishima; Ion Channels: Richard P. Dale, Thomas K. Walsh, Cecilia Tamborindeguy, T. G. Emyr Davies, Linda M. Field, Martin S. Williamson, Andrew Jones, David Sattelle, Sally Williamson, Adrian Wolstenholme; Protease genes: Peter Campbell, James C. Carolan, Owain R. Edwards, Karl Gordon, Carlos Llorens, Andres Moya, Miguel Pignatelli, Yvan Rahb\u00e9, Claude Rispe, Gerald R. Reeck; AcypiCyc: Augusto Vellozo, Stefano Colella, Ludovic Cottret, G\u00e9rard Febvay, Federica Calevro, Yvan Rahb\u00e9, Angela Douglas, Marie France Sagot, Hubert Charles; Ribosomal Proteins: Claude Rispe, David G. Heckel, Wayne Hunter."}
+{"text": "AbstractColeoptera: Coccinellidae) records collected during the last four years across Sindh are reported. A first preliminary checklist of ladybirds from Sindh is presented, consisting of one subfamily, ten tribes, 21 genera, and 29 species including four new records, namely Bulaealichatschovii (Hummel), Exochomuspubescens K\u00fcster, Scymnus (Pullus) latemaculatus Motschulsky, Scymnus (Pullus) syriacus Marseul, and four varieties of the species Cheilomenessexmaculatus (Fabricius).Some new ladybird ( Coccinellidae comprises two subfamilies: Microweiseinae Leng, 1920 and Coccinellinae Latreille, 1807 , Sitobionavenae (Fabricius), Aphisgossypii Glover, Aphisfabae Scopoli, Aphisnerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, Aphiscraccivora (Koch) Rhopalosiphummaidis (Fitch), Therioaphistrifolii (Monell), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Lipaphiserysimi , Brevicorynebrassicae (Linnaeus), Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), and Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das) (Homoptera: Aphididae); Amritodusatkinsoni (Lethierry)), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida), Empoascalybica (Bergevin and Zanon) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius), Aleurolobusbarodensis (Maskell), Dialeurodescitri (Ashmead) and Aleurocanthushusaini Corbett (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae); Brevipalpuslewisi McGregor , Eutetranychusorientalis (Klein), and Tetranychusatlanticus McG. (Acarina: Tetranychidae) are common pests of wheat, cotton, sugarcane, mango, mustard, vegetables, and fruits in Pakistan. Other works related with the taxonomy, morphology, diversity, distribution and ecology of different coccinellids include Coccinellidae and their role in the field of biological control of important agricultural crop pests such as aphids, mealybugs, scale insects, jassids, and whiteflies.According to The coccinellid fauna of Sindh, Pakistan is insufficiently known, and no checklist exists. The goal of this paper is to contribute to the knowledge of diversity and distribution of ladybirds in Sindh as well as to present the first preliminary checklist of the species recorded previously in the territory of Sindh.Coccinellidae. Specimens were collected during field trips conducted in different parts of Sindh Province, and in reality represent random findings instead of systematic collecting. Beetles were collected in standard ways, including manual collecting, net sweeping, and using light traps. The terminologies for various taxonomic structures including genitalia and procedures used by Ladybird records presented in this paper were collected, identified, and confirmed during the last four years by the authors following the checklists, descriptions, and keys given by Chapin and Ahmad (1966), Pang and Gordon (1986), Coccinellinae only. It includes nine species of the tribe Coccinellini, one species of the Psylloborini, one species of the tribe Bulaeini, five species of the Chilocorini, one species of the Tribe Noviini Mulsant, one species from Tribe Hyperaspini, one species from the Tribe Stethorini, six species of Scymnini, one species of the Tribe Shirozuellini, and three species of the Tribe Sticholotidini. New records are Bulaealichatschovii (Hummel), Exochomuspubescens K\u00fcster, Scymnus (Pullus) latemaculatus Motschulsky, Scymnus (Pullus) syriacus Marseul with four varieties of Cheilomenessexmaculatus (Fabricius).The coccinellids present in this checklist are classified on the basis of the new classification given by Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeLinnaeus, 1758India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Palaearctic. North America (Poorani 2002).Tandojam, Larkana, Mirpur Khas, Thatta, Karachi .Brevicorynebrassicae (L), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera); Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida) (Cicadellidae: Homoptera); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, eggplant, okra, wheat, cotton, sugarcane, and rose plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeLinnaeus, 1758India, Pakistan. Palaearctic (Poorani 2002).Karachi, Hyderabad, Tandojam, Mirpur Khas and Thatta .Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera); Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida) (Cicadellidae: Homoptera); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, brinjal, okra, wheat, cotton, sugarcane, and rose plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeFabricius, 1781India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Indochina, Indonesia, Japan, Australia, New Zealand (Poorani 2002).Hyderabad, Larkana, Mirpur Khas, and Thatta (Ali 2013).Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera); Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida) (Cicadellidae: Homoptera); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, brinjal, okra, wheat, cotton, sugarcane, and rose plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIndia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Myanmar. Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, China, Japan, Australia (Poorani 2002).Hyderabad, Larkana, Mirpur Khas, and Thatta .Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani), Ropalosiphummaidis (Fitch), Therioaphistrifolii Monell (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll), Centrococcusinsolitus Green (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera), Drosichamangiferae (Green) (Margarodidae: Homoptera) Aleurocanthushusaini Corbett, Aleurocanthuswoglumi Ashby, Aleurolobusbarodensis Mask Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida), Amritodusatkinsoni Leth, Evacanthusrepexus Dist (Cicadellidae: Homoptera); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera), Pyrillaperpusilla Walk (Fulgoridae: Homoptera), Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst (Diaspididae: Homoptera), Diaphorinacitri Kuw (Psyllidae: Homoptera), Tetranychusorientalis Mog (Acarina: Tetranychidae) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, eggplant, okra, wheat, cotton, and rose plants (Ali 2013).Common. It is very difficult to compare this species with other taxa because of polymorphism. Six varieties of this species are reported from Pakistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeNepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tibet, Mongolia, China, northern and eastern Africa, Palaearctic (Poorani 2002).Hyderabad, Karachi, and Thatta .Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera); Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida) (Cicadellidae: Homoptera); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, brinjal, okra, wheat, cotton, and rose plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIndia, Nepal, Pakistan, Myanmar, Indonesia (Poorani 2002).Hyderabad, Mirpur Khas, Thatta and Karachi (Ali 2013).Amritodusatkinsoni Teth (Cicadellidae: Homoptera) Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst (Diaspididae: Homoptera), Pyrillaperpusilla Walk (Fulgoridae: Homoptera) (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeMulsant, 1866India, Bhutan, Pakistan, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, China (Poorani 2002).Hyderabad, Mirpur Khas, Thatta, and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani), Ropalosiphummaidis (Fitch) (Aphididae: Homoptera), Aleurolobusbarodensis Mask Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida), Evacanthusrepexus Dist (Cicadellidae: Homoptera), Tetranychus sp. (Acarina: Tetranychidae) on wheat, mustard, and cabbage (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIndia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Japan, China, Europe, North America (Poorani 2002).Hyderabad and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das) (Aphididae: Homoptera), Aleurolobusbarodensis Mask Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida), Evacanthusrepexus Dist (Cicadellidae: Homoptera) (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIndia, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Japan, Taiwan, introduced into North America (Poorani 2002).Hyderabad and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Ropalosiphummaidis (Fitch), Therioaphistrifolii Monell, Macrosiphumgranarium (Kirby), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera), Amritodusatkinsoni Leth, Idioscopusnagpurensis Pruthi (Cicadellidae: Homoptera); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera), Tetranychusatlanticus Mog (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Adelges spp. (Adelgidae: Homoptera) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, eggplant, okra, wheat, cotton, and rose plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaePakistan, India, Central and West Asia, Afghanistan, Mediterranean region. North and Central Africa .Hyderabad and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Diaphorinacitri Kuw (Psyllidae: Homoptera) on wheat and mustard.Newly recorded from Pakistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIndia and Pakistan (Poorani 2002).Hyderabad and Karachi (Ali 2013).All the members of this genus are mycophagous (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeAgalega, American Samoa, Burma, Brazil, Ghana, Guam, Hawaii, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Reunion Island, Seychelles, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Swaziland, Society Islands, Tanzania, Togo, Turkey and Zimbabwe .Tandojam, Hyderabad and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aonidiellaauranti (Mask), A.citrina (Coq), A.orientalis Newst, Aspidiotusdestructor Sign, Hemiberiesialatanias (Sign), Leucaspisconiferarum Hall & Williams, Parlatoria spp, Pinnaspisstrachani (Cooley), Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst, Tecaspis spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera) (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeErichson, 1843northwestern India, Pakistan, Palaearctic, Africa (Poorani 2002).Tandojam, Mirpur Khas, Hyderabad, and Karachi .Aphisfabae Theobald, Rhopalosiphummaidis Fitch (Aphididae: Homoptera), Parlatoria spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera). It was recorded on trees and wild plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeK\u00fcster, 1848Pakistan, India, Spain, North Africa, Greece, Egypt, Syria, Palestine (Poorani 2002).Karachi (Ali 2013).Parlatoria spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera). It was found on oak (Ali 2013).Newly recorded from Pakistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIndia, Bhutan, Pakistan, Nepal (Poorani 2002).Tandojam and Hyderabad (Ali 2013).Parlatoria spp., Pinnaspisstrachani (Cooley), Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst, Tecaspis spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera) on wild trees, and shrubs (Ali 2103).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIndia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Nepal (Poorani 2002).Tandojam, Mirpur Khas, Hyderabad, and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Ropalosiphummaidis (Fitch), Therioaphistrifolii Monell, Macrosiphumgranarium (Kby), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera), Drosichamangiferae (Green) (Margarodidae: Homoptera), Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida) (Cicadellidae: Homoptera); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera), Tetranychusatlanticus Mog (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Adelgesjoshii S.O & S (Adelgidae: Homoptera), Aonidiellaauranti (Mask), A.citrina (Coq), A.orientalis Newst, Aspidiotusdestructor Sign, Hemiberiesialatanias (Sign), Leucaspisconiferarum Hall & Williams, Parlatoria spp, Pinnaspisstrachani (Cooley), Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst, Tecaspis spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, eggplant, okra, wheat, cotton, and rose plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeMulsant, 1850India, Pakistan, Thailand (Poorani 2002).Karachi and Mirpur Khas (Ali 2013).Iceryaaegyptiaca (Dougl) (Margarodidae: Homoptera). It was found on cotton and roses (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeSicard, 1929Pakistan and India (Poorani 2002).Tandojam, Mirpur Khas, and Karachi (Ali 2013).Centrococcusinsolitus (Green), Naiacoccus sp, Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera), Drosichamangiferae (Green) (Margarodidae: Homoptera). It was found on cotton, okra, and trees (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIndia, Pakistan, Italy, Cyprus (Poorani 2002).Tandojam, Hyderabad, Mirpur Khas and Karachi (Ali 2013).Brevipalpus sp. , Eutetranychuscernus (B&P), E.orientalis (Klein), Tetranychusatlanticus Mog (Acarina: Tetranychidae). It was collected from eggplant, okra, and some wild plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeMulsant, 1850Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar, China, Asia Minor (Poorani 2002).Tandojam, Mirpur Khas, Hyderabad, and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Ropalosiphummaidis (Fitch), Therioaphistrifolii Monell, Macrosiphumgranarium (Kby), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera), Drosichamangiferae (Green) (Margarodidae: Homoptera), Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida) (Cicadellidae: Homoptera); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera), Tetranychusatlanticus Mog (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Adelgesjoshii S.O & S (Adelgidae: Homoptera), Aonidiellaauranti (Mask), A.citrina (Coq), A.orientalis Newst, Aspidiotusdestructor Sign, Hemiberiesialatanias (Sign), Leucaspisconiferarum Hall & Williams, Parlatoria spp, Pinnaspisstrachani (Cooley), Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst, Tecaspis spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, eggplant, okra, wheat, cotton and rose plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeMotschulsky, 1858Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Taiwan. .Tandojam, Hyderabad, and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Ropalosiphummaidis (Fitch), Therioaphistrifolii Monell, Macrosiphumgranarium (Kby), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera), Drosichamangiferae (Green) (Margarodidae: Homoptera), Amrascadevastans (Dist), Amrascabiguttulabiguttula (Ishida) (Cicadellidae: Homoptera); Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera), Tetranychusatlanticus Mog (Acarina: Tetranychidae) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, eggplant , okra, wheat, cotton, and rose plants (Ali 2013).Newly recorded from Pakistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeAyyar, 1925India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Malaysia (Poorani 2002).Tandojam, Hyderabad, and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Ropalosiphummaidis (Fitch), Therioaphistrifolii Monell, Macrosiphumgranarium (Kby), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera), Drosichamangiferae (Green) (Margarodidae: Homoptera), Tetranychusatlanticus Mog (Acarina: Tetranychidae) on mustard, lucern, cabbage, cauliflower, potato, turnip, bottle gourd, eggplant, okra, wheat, cotton, and rose plants (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeSicard, 1929Pakistan, India, Bangladesh (Poorani 2002).Tandojam, Hyderabad and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Ropalosiphummaidis (Fitch), Therioaphistrifolii Monell, Macrosiphumgranarium (Kby), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera), Drosichamangiferae (Green). It was found on eggplant, okra, cotton (Ali 2013).Newly recorded from Pakistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIran, Afghanistan, Pakistan (Ali 2013).Hyderabad and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Brevicorynebrassicae (L.), Lipaphiserysimi , Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Hysteroneurasetariae (Thomas), Ropalosiphummaidis (Fitch), Therioaphistrifolii Monell, Macrosiphumgranarium (Kby), Schizaphisgraminum (Rondani) (Aphididae: Homoptera) (Ali 2013).Newly recorded from Pakistan.Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeIndia, Pakistan, China (Poorani 2002).Tandojam, Mirpur Khas, Hyderabad and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aphiscraccivora Koch, A.gossypii Glover, Aphisgossypii (Glover), Hyadaphiscoriandri (Das), Therioaphistrifolii Monell (Aphididae: Homoptera); Phenacoccussolenopsis (Tinsley), Ferrisiavirigata (Ckll) (Pseudococcidae: Homoptera), Drosichamangiferae (Green) (Margarodidae: Homoptera) on on eggplant, okra and cotton (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeAhmad, 1973Pakistan (Poorani 2002).Karachi (Ali 2013).Aonidiellaauranti (Mask), A.citrina (Coq), A.orientalis Newst, Hemiberiesialatanias (Sign), Leucaspisconiferarum Hall & Williams, Parlatoria spp. Pinnaspisstrachani (Cooley), Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst, Tecaspis spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera) (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidae(Mulsant), 1853India, Pakistan, Brazil, and United States (Florida) .Tandojam, Mirpur Khas, Hyderabad, and Karachi (Ali 2013).Aspidiotusdestructor Sign, Hemiberiesialatanias (Sign), Leucaspisconiferarum Hall & Williams, Parlatoria spp, Pinnaspisstrachani (Cooley), Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst, Tecaspis spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera), Coccushesperidium L, Siassetianigra (Nietn) (Coccidae: Homoptera) on wheat and mustard (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeAhmad, 1970Pakistan, Thailand (Poorani 2002).Karachi (Ali 2013).Parlatoria spp., Pinnaspisstrachani (Cooley), Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst, Tecaspis spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera), Coccushesperidium L, Siassetianigra (Nietn) (Coccidae: Homoptera) on wheat and mustard (Ali 2013).Taxon classificationAnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidae(Weise), 1900India and Pakistan (Poorani 2002).Karachi (Ali 2013).Parlatoria spp. Pinnaspisstrachani (Cooley), Quadraspidiotusperniciosus Comst, Tecaspis spp. (Diaspididae: Homoptera), Coccushesperidium L, Siassetianigra (Nietn) (Coccidae: Homoptera) on mustard and wheat (Ali 2013).Coleoptera. Unfortunately, all the specimens were lost during the shifting of Vitoria Museum to National Museum at Karachi. From Pakistan very little taxonomic work has focussed especially on this important family of the order Sindh Province has a rich insect fauna which have diversified into important cities like Karachi, Tandojam, Hyderabad, Larkana, Sukhur, and Mirpur Khas. Coccinellids fauna is still incompletely recorded from Sindh region and has been neglected in the past. All the research findings on coccinellids except Ali (2013) were documentary not taxonomic. No proper collections, identification procedures,or techniques have been used in Sindh to explore the hidden records of insects, including the coccinellid fauna. Ali (2013) worked more comprehensively on the systematics and distribution of ladybirds of Sindh Province with reference to their role in biological control programmes. He tried to highlight the importance of systematic study to make easy their identification as predators of mealybugs, aphids, jassids, whiteflies, and scale insects. This research work may be useful for the entomologists including research students of particularly the Sindh region, but also of Pakistan and other Oriental regions. The geographical distribution and synonyms used in this study for all systematically treated specimens were cited from the findings of Bulaealichatschovii (Hummel), Exochomuspubescens K\u00fcster, Scymnus (Pullus) latemaculatus Motschulsky, Scymnus (Pullus) syriacus Marseul and four varieties of Menochilussexmaculata (Fabricius). All these coccinellids from Pakistan are now placed into the subfamily Coccinellinae and the subfamily Microweiseinae according to the recent classification studies. The coccinellid specimens were deposited in the Natural History Museum, Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.The present investigation continues the research carried by Ali (2013), and gives a preliminary checklist of ladybirds from Sindh consisting of only one subfamily, ten tribes, 21 genera, and 29 species including four new records:"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-018-27084-y, published online 12 June 2018Correction to: In the original version of this Article, there were errors in Affiliations 2, 3 and 7 which were incorrectly listed as \u2018AgriGenome Labs Private Limited, 501, SCK01 Building, Smart City Kochi, Infopark Road, Kakkanad, Kochi, 682 030, India\u2019, \u2018SciGenom Research Foundation, 3rd Floor, Narayana Health City, #258/A, Bommasandra, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560 099, India\u2019 and \u2018SciGenom Labs Pvt Ltd, Plot no: 43A,SDF, 3rd floor, A Block, CSEZ, Kakkanad, Cochin, Kerala, 682 037, India\u2019 respectively.The correct affiliations are listed below:Affiliation 2AgriGenome Labs Private Limited, 501, SCK01 Building, SmartCity Kochi, Infopark Road, Kakkanad, Kochi, Kerala, 682 042, IndiaAffiliation 3SciGenom Research Foundation, 3rd Floor, Narayana Health City, #258/A, Bommasandra, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 099, IndiaAffiliation 7SciGenom Labs Pvt Ltd, Plot no: 43A,SDF, 3rd floor, A Block, CSEZ, Kakkanad, Kochi, Kerala, 682 037, IndiaThese errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the Supplementary Material files."}
+{"text": "The author listing above corrects their affiliations in relation to the CholeS study group and recognises the hard work of our Trial Management Team, Collaborators and Data Validators in contributing to this paper.The list of the CholeS management group, Collaborators and Data Validators were omitted from the Acknowledgments. They are listed here as follows:CholeS Study Management TeamRavinder S. Vohra, Consultant Surgeon, Nottingham Oesophago-Gastric Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, UK;Amanda J. Kirkham, Biostatistician; Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;Sandro Pasquali, Surgical trainee, Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy;Paul Marriott, Surgical trainee, West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;Marianne Johnstone, Surgical trainee, West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;Philip Spreadborough, Surgical trainee, West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;Derek Alderson, Emeritus Professor of Surgery, Academic Department of Surgery, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;Ewen A. Griffiths, Consultant Surgeon, Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.CholeS Study CollaboratorsEngland\u2014Stephen Fenwick, Mohamed Elmasry, Quentin M Nunes, David Kennedy ; Raja Basit Khan, Muhammad AS Khan ; Conor J Magee, Steven M Jones, Denise Mason, Ciny P Parappally ; Pawan Mathur, Michael Saunders, Sara Jamel, Samer Ul Haque, Sara Zafar ; Muhammad Hanif Shiwani, Nehemiah Samuel, Farooq Dar, Andrew Jackson ; Bryony Lovett, Shiva Dindyal, Hannah Winter, Ted Fletcher, Saquib Rahman ; Kevin Wheatley, Tom Nieto, Soofiyah Ayaani ; Haney Youssef, Rajwinder S Nijjar, Helen Watkin, David Naumann, Sophie Emesih; Piyush B Sarmah, Kathryn Lee, Nikita Joji, Joel Lambert (Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust); Jonathan Heath, Rebecca L Teasdale, Chamindri Weerasinghe ; Paul J Needham, Hannah Welbourn, Luke Forster, David Finch ; Jane M Blazeby, William Robb, Angus GK McNair, Alex Hrycaiczuk ; Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Sritharan Kadirkamanathan, Cheuk-Bong Tang, Naga VG Jayanthi, Nigel Noor ; Brian Dobbins, Andrew J Cockbain, April Nilsen-Nunn, Jonathan de Siqueira ; Mike Pellen, Jonathan B Cowley, Wei-Min Ho, Victor Miu (Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust); Timothy J White, Kathryn A Hodgkins, Alison Kinghorn ; Matthew G Tutton, Yahya A Al-Abed, Donald Menzies, Anwar Ahmad, Joanna Reed, Shabuddin Khan ; David Monk, Louis J Vitone, Ghulam Murtaza, Abraham Joel (Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust); Stephen Brennan, David Shier, Catherine Zhang, Thusidaran Yoganathan ; Steven J Robinson, Iain JD McCallum, Michael J Jones, Mohammed Elsayed, Liz Tuck, John Wayman, Kate Carney ; Somaiah Aroori, Kenneth B Hosie, Adam Kimble, David M Bunting, Kenneth B Hosie ; Adeshina S Fawole, Mohammed Basheer, Rajiv V Dave, Janahan Sarveswaran, Elinor Jones, Chris Kendal (Mid Yorkshire NHS Trust); Michael P Tilston, Martin Gough, Tom Wallace, Shailendra Singh, Justine Downing Katherine A Mockford, Eyad Issa, Nayab Shah, Neal Chauhan (Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust); Timothy R Wilson, Amir Forouzanfar, Jonathan RL Wild, Emma Nofal, Catherine Bunnell, Khaliel Madbak ; Sudhindra TV Rao, Laurence Devoto, Najaf Siddiqi, Zechan Khawaja ; James C Hewes, Laura Gould, Alice Chambers, Daniel Urriza Rodriguez (North Bristol NHS Trust); Gourab Sen, Stuart Robinson, Kate Carney, Francis Bartlett ; David M Rae, Thomas EJ Stevenson, Kas Sarvananthan ; Simon J Dwerryhouse, Simon M Higgs, Oliver J Old, Thomas J Hardy, Reena Shah Steve T Hornby, Ken Keogh, Lucinda Frank ; Musallam Al-Akash, Emma A Upchurch ; Richard J Frame, Michael Hughes, Clare Jelley (Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust); Simon Weaver, Sudipta Roy, Toritseju O Sillo, Giorgios Galanopoulos ; Tamzin Cuming, Pedro Cunha, Salim Tayeh, Sarantos Kaptanis ; Mohamed Heshaishi, Abdalla Eisawi, Michael Abayomi; Wee Sing Ngu, Katie Fleming, Dalvir S Bajwa ; Vivek Chitre, Kamal Aryal, Paul Ferris ; Michael Silva, Simon Lammy Sarah Mohamed, Amir Khawaja, Adnan Hussain, Mudassar A Ghazanfar, Maria Irene Bellini (Oxford University NHS Trust); Hamdi Ebdewi, Mohamed Elshaer, Gianpiero Gravante, Benjamin Drake ; Arikoge Ogedegbe, Dipankar Mukherjee, Chanpreet Arhi, Lola Giwa Nusrat Iqbal ; Nicholas F Watson, Smeer Kumar Aggarwal, Philippa Orchard, Eduardo Villatoro ; Peter D Willson, Kam Wa Jessica Mok, Thomas Woodman, Jean Deguara ; Giuseppe Garcea, Benoy I Babu, AR Dennison, Deep Malde, David Lloyd, Steve Satheesan, Omer Al-Taan, Alexander Boddy ; John P Slavin, Robert P Jones, Laura Ballance, Stratos Gerakopoulos ; Periyathambi Jambulingam, Sami Mansour, Naomi Sakai, Vikas Acharya ; Mohammed M Sadat, Lawen Karim, David Larkin, Khalid Amin ; Amarah Khan, Jennifer Law, Saurabh Jamdar, Stella R Smith, Keerthika Sampat, Kathryn M O\u2019shea ; Mangta Manu, Fotini M Asprou, Nabeela S Malik, Jessica Chang, Marianne Johnstone ; Michael Lewis, Geoffrey P Roberts, Babu Karavadra, Evangelos Photi ; James Hewes, Laura Gould, Alice Chambers, Dan Rodriguez (North Bristol NHS Trust); Derek A O\u2019Reilly, Anthony J Rate, Hema Sekhar, Lucy T Henderson, Benjamin Z Starmer, Peter O Coe, Sotonye Tolofari, Jenifer Barrie (Pennine Acute NHS Trust); Gareth Bashir, Jake Sloane, Suroosh Madanipour, Constantine Halkias, Alexander EJ Trevatt (North Middlesex Trust); David W Borowski, Jane Hornsby, Michael J Courtney, Suvi Virupaksha (North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust); Keith Seymour, Sarah Robinson, Helen Hawkins, Sadiq Bawa, Paul V Gallagher, Alistair Reid, Peter Wood ; JG Finch, J Guy Finch, J Parmar, E Stirland ; James Gardner-Thorpe, Ahmed Al-Muhktar, Mark Peterson, Ali Majeed ; Farrukh M Bajwa, Jack Martin, Alfred Choy, Andrew Tsang ; Naresh Pore, David R Andrew, Waleed Al-Khyatt, Christopher Taylor Santosh Bhandari, Adam Chambers, Dhivya Subramanium ; Simon K C Toh, Nicholas C Carter, Sophie Tate, Belinda Pearce, Denise Wainwright, Stuart J Mercer, Benjamin Knight ; Vardhini Vijay, Swethan Alagaratnam, Sidhartha Sinha, Shahab Khan ; Shamsi S El-Hasani, Abdulzahra A Hussain ; Vish Bhattacharya, Nisheeth Kansal, Tani Fasih, Claire Jackson ; Midhat N Siddiqui, Imran A Chishti, Imogen J Fordham, Zohaib Siddiqui (Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust); Harald Bausbacher, Ileana Geogloma, Kabita Gurung ; George Tsavellas, Pradeep Basynat, Ashish Kiran Shrestha, Sanjoy Basu, Alok Chhabra Mohan Harilingam, Mohamed Rabie, Mansoor Akhtar ; Pradeep Kumar, Sadaf F Jafferbhoy, Najam Hussain, Soulat Raza ; Manzarul Haque, Imran Alam, Rabiya Aseem, Shakira Patel, Mehek Asad ; Michael I Booth, William R Ball, Christopher PJ Wood, Ana C Pinho-Gomes ; Ambareen Kausar, Moh\u2019d Rami Obeidallah ; Joseph Varghase, Joshil Lodhia, Donal Bradley, Carla Rengifo, David Lindsay ; Sivakumar Gopalswamy, Ian Finlay, Stacy Wardle, Naomi Bullen ; Syed Yusuf Iftikhar, Altaf Awan, Javed Ahmed, Paul Leeder ; Guiseppe Fusai, Giles Bond-Smith, Alicja Psica, Yogesh Puri ; David Hou, Fergus Noble, Karoly Szentpali, Jack Broadhurst ; Ravindra Date, Martin R Hossack, Yan Li Goh, Paul Turner, Vinutha Shetty ; Manel Riera, Christina A W Macano, Anisha Sukha ; Shaun R Preston, Jennifer R Hoban, Daniel J Puntis, Sophie V Williams ; Richard Krysztopik, James Kynaston, Jeremy Batt, Matthew Doe ; Andrzej Goscimski, Gareth H Jones, Stella R Smith, Claire Hall ; Nick Carty, Jamil Ahmed, Sofoklis Panteleimonitis ; Rohan T Gunasekera, Andrea RG Sheel, Hannah Lennon, Caroline Hindley ; Marcus Reddy, Ross Kenny, Natalie Elkheir, Emma R McGlone ; Rajasundaram Rajaganeshan, Kate Hancorn, Anita Hargreaves ; Raj Prasad, David A Longbotham, Dhakshinamoorthy Vijayanand, Imeshi Wijetunga ; Paul Ziprin, Christopher R Nicolay, Geoffrey Yeldham, Edward Read ; James A Gossage, Rachel C Rolph, Husam Ebied, Manraj Phull ; Mohammad A Khan, Matthew Popplewell, Dimitrios Kyriakidis, Anwar Hussain (Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust); Natasha Henley, Jessica R Packer, Laura Derbyshire, Jonathan Porter (Stockport NHS Foundation Trust); Shaun Appleton, Marwan Farouk, Melvinder Basra ; Neil A Jennings, Shahda Ali, Venkatesh Kanakala ; Haythem Ali, Risha Lane, Richard Dickson-Lowe, Prizzi Zarsadias (Tunbridge Wells and Maidstone NHS Trust); Darius Mirza, Sonia Puig, Khalid Al Amari, Deepak Vijayan, Robert Sutcliffe, Ravi Marudanayagam ; Zayed Hamady, Abheesh R Prasad, Abhilasha Patel ; Damien Durkin, Parminder Kaur, Laura Bowen ; James P Byrne, Katherine L Pearson, Theo G Delisle, James Davies ; Mark A Tomlinson, Michelle A Johnpulle, Corinna Slawinski ; Andrew Macdonald, James Nicholson, Katy Newton, James Mbuvi ; Ansar Farooq, Bhavani Sidhartha Mothe, Zakhi Zafrani, Daniel Brett ; James Francombe, Philip Spreadborough, James Barnes, Melanie Cheung (South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust); Ahmed Z Al-Bahrani, Giuseppe Preziosi, Tomas Urbonas ; Justin Alberts, Mekhlola Mallik, Krashna Patel, Ashvina Segaran, Triantafyllos Doulias (West Suffolk NHS Trust); Pratik A Sufi, Caroline Yao, Sarah Pollock (Whittington NHS Trust); Antonio Manzelli, Saj Wajed, Michail Kourkulos, Roberto Pezzuto ; Martin Wadley, Emma Hamilton, Shameen Jaunoo, Robert Padwick ; Mazin Sayegh, Richard C Newton, Madhusoodhana Hebbar, Sameh F Farag, ; John Spearman, Mohammed F Hamdan, Conrad D\u2019Costa, Christine Blane; ; Mathew Giles, Mark B Peter, Natalie A Hirst, Tanvir Hossain, Arslan Pannu Yesar El-Dhuwaib, Tamsin E M Morrison, Greg W Taylor .Northern Ireland\u2014Ronald LE Thompson, Ken McCune, Paula Loughlin, Roger Lawther ; Colman K Byrnes, Duncan J Simpson, Abi Mawhinney, Conor Warren ; Damian McKay, Colin McIlmunn, Serena Martin, Matthew MacArtney ; Tom Diamond, Phil Davey, Claire Jones, Joshua M Clements, Ruairi Digney, Wei Ming Chan, Stephen McCain, Sadaf Gull, Adam Janeczko, Emmet Dorrian, Andrew Harris, Suzanne Dawson, Dorothy Johnston, Barry McAree, ; Essam Ghareeb, George Thomas, Martin Connelly, Stephen McKenzie, Krzysztos Cieplucha ; Gary Spence, William Campbell, Gareth Hooks, Neil Bradley .Republic of Ireland\u2014Arnold DK Hill, John T Cassidy, Michael Boland ; Paul Burke, Deirdre M Nally ; Arnold DK Hill, Elmoataz Khogali, Wael Shabo, Edrin Iskandar ; Gerry P McEntee, Maeve A O\u2019Neill, Colin Peirce, Emma M Lyons ; Adrian W O\u2019Sullivan, Rohan Thakkar, Paul Carroll, Ivan Ivanovski ; Paul Balfe, Matthew Lee ;, Des C Winter, Michael E Kelly, Emir Hoti, Donal Maguire; Priyadarssini Karunakaran, Justin G Geoghegan, Frank McDermott, Sean T Martin ; Keith S Cross, Fiachra Cooke, Saquib Zeeshan, James O Murphy ; Ken Mealy, Helen M Mohan, Yuwaraja Nedujchelyn, Muhammad Fahad Ullah .Scotland\u2014Irfan Ahmed, Francesco Giovinazzo, James Milburn ; Sarah Prince, Eleanor Brooke, Joanna Buchan ; Ahmed M Khalil, Elizabeth M Vaughan, Michael I Ramage, Roland C Aldridge ; Simon Gibson, Gary A Nicholson, David G Vass ; Alan J Grant, David J Holroyd, M Angharad Jones, Cherith MLR Sutton ; Patrick O\u2019Dwyer, Frida Nilsson ; Beatrix Weber, Tracey K Williamson, Kushik Lalla, Alice Bryant ; C Ross Carter, Craig R Forrest, David I Hunter ; Ahmad H Nassar, Mavis N Orizu, Katrina Knight, Haitham Qandeel ; Stuart Suttie, Rowena Belding, Andrew McClarey ; Alan T Boyd, Graeme JK Guthrie, Pei J Lim, Andreas Luhmann ; Angus JM Watson, Colin H Richards, Laura Nicol, Marta Madurska ; Ewen Harrison, Kathryn M Boyce, Amanda Roebuck, Graeme Ferguson ; Pradeep Pati, Michael S J Wilson, Faith Dalgaty, Laura Fothergill ; Peter J Driscoll, Kirsty L Mozolowski, Victoria Banwell, Stephen P Bennett ; Paul N Rogers, Brendan L Skelly, Claire L Rutherford, Ahmed K Mirza (Western Infirmary Glasgow).Wales\u2014Taha Lazim, Henry C C Lim, Diana Duke, Talat Ahmed ; William D Beasley, Marc D Wilkinson, Geta Maharaj, Cathy Malcolm ; Timothy H Brown, Bilal Al-Sarireh, Guy M Shingler, Nicholas Mowbray, Rami Radwan ; Paul Morcous, Simon Wood, Abbas Kadhim ; Duncan J Stewart, Andrew L Baker, Nicola Tanner, Hrishikesh Shenoy .Data validators\u2014Shazia Hafiz, Joshua A. De Marchi, Deepak Singh-Ranger, Elzanati Hisham, Paul Ainley, Stephen O'Neill. John Terrace, Sara Napetti, Benjamin Hopwood, Thomas Rhys, Justine Downing, Sam Kanavati, Maria Coats, Danail Aleksandrov, Charlotte Kallaway, Salama Yahya, Beatrix Weber, Alexa Templeton, Martin Trotter, Christina Lo, Ajit Dhillon, Nick Heywood, Yousif Aawsaj, Alhafidz Hamdan, Obuobi Reece-Bolton, Andrew McGuigan, Yousef Shahin, Aymon, Ali Alison Luther, James A Nicholson, Ilayaraja Rajendran, Matthew Boal, Judith Ritchie."}
+{"text": "Following publication of the original article , the autAuthor names as originally published:The original publication has been corrected. The initial and corrected names are presented below.Author names corrected:SW Nam, DH Lim, KY Cho, HS Kim, K Kim and T-Y ChungSeung Wan Nam, Dong Hui Lim, Kyu Yeon Cho, Hye Seung Kim, Kyunga Kim and Tae-Young Chung"}
+{"text": "Journal of Experimental Botany, Advance Access publication: 05 April 2018, doi: 10.1093/jxb/ery132The original online version of this paper contained an incomplete reference, omitting the name of a lead author. The reference has been updated to read as follows:Silva GFF, Silva EM, Azevedo MDS, Guivin MAC, Ramiro DA, Figueiredo CR, Carrer H, Peres LEP, Nogueira FTS. 2014. microRNA156-targeted SPL/SBP box transcription factors regulate tomato ovary and fruit development. The Plant Journal 78, 604\u2013618."}
+{"text": "In the manuscript \u201cELECTROLYTE AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF TERM DONOR HUMAN MILK BEFOREAND AFTER PASTEURIZATION AND OF RAW MILK OF PRETERM MOTHERS\u201d, DOI:10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;2;00015, published in the Rev. paul. pediatr. Fev 22 2018.[Epub ahead of print]Where it reads:a,*, Jamil Pedro de Siqueira Caldasa,Rafaella Regina Alves Peixotoa, Vitor Lacerda Sanchesa, TamaraCristina Guiraldeloa, Solange Cadorea, S\u00e9rgio Tadeu MartinsMarbaaCarla Regina Bianchi CodoaSchool of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP,Brazil.It should read:a,*, Jamil Pedro de Siqueira Caldasa,Rafaella Regina Alves Peixotob, Vitor Lacerda Sanchesb, TamaraCristina Guiraldelob, Solange Cadoreb, S\u00e9rgio Tadeu MartinsMarbaaCarla Regina Bianchi CodoaSchool of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP,Brazil.bInstitute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP,Brazil."}
+{"text": "The third, fourth, fifth, eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth authors, Henry Thai, Andrew Fleet, Trevor Morey, Yonathan Brhane, Yuyao Song, and Osvaldo Espin-Garcia should not have been attributed equal contribution to this work. The last two authors, Laurie Ailles and Geoffrey Liu, should be noted as contributing equally to this work."}
+{"text": "Author Contributions statement appears below.\u201cElisabeth E. L. Nystr\u00f6m\u201d was not included as an author in the published article. The corrected \u201cGV, AG, MJ, LA, BM-A, EN, PS, NP, PM-B, AP, and CF performed and designed the experiments. GV, AG, MJ, PS, NP, LG, GH, and CF analyzed the data and designed the figures. LG and CF conceived the research. CF wrote the manuscript. GV, MJ, PS, NP, LG, GH, and CF discussed the results, and corrected and approved the final version of the manuscript.\u201dThe authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "The following information is missing from the Competing Interests statement: JB is a consultant to Novartis, Roche, Merck, Sanofi-Aventis, Verastem, Bayer, Chugai, Exelixis, Onyx and Constellation."}
+{"text": "AbstractChromoteleia Ashmead is revised. Twenty-seven species are recognized, of which six species are redescribed: C.congoana (Risbec), C.connectens Kieffer, C.fuscicornis Kieffer, C.longitarsis Kieffer, C.semicyanea Ashmead, C.tricarinata Kieffer; and twenty-one species are described as new: C.aequalis Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.alternata Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.bidens Chen & Masner, sp. n., C.copiosa Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.cuneus Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.curta Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.depilis Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.dispar Chen & Masner, sp. n., C.feng Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.fossa Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.ingens Chen & Masner, sp. n., C.levitas Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.longa Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.maura Chen & Masner, sp. n., C.parvitas Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.pilus Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.plana Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.rara Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.robusta Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.semilutea Chen & Johnson, sp. n., C.sparsa Chen & Johnson, sp. n.Chromoteleiarufithorax Kieffer remains a valid species, but its identity and status are unclear. All species are known only from the Neotropical region except for Chromoteleiacongoana (Resbec) which only occurs in Africa.The genus  Chromoteleia was originally described by Chromoteleiasemicyanea Ashmead collected in Saint Vincent. Later, Petalosema for species with expanded metanotum (metascutellum). Petalosema with Chromoteleia by pointing out that C.semicyanea showing a narrow and unexpanded metanotum. Six species were recorded from the New World: C.connectens Kieffer, C.fuscicornis Kieffer, C.longitarsis Kieffer, C.rufithorax Kieffer, C.semicyanea Ashmead, and C.tricarinata Kieffer. One species also was described from the Afrotropical region, C.congoana (Risbec), from what is currently Gabon. One fossil species, C.theobaldi Maneval, is reported from Baltic amber (from 40~60 mya) (The genus ~60 mya) , but the~60 mya)  and requChromoteleia has never been comprehensively reviewed. Although there are no host records for Chromoteleia, we suspect that it parasitizes the eggs of Orthoptera based on large size and elongate shape of the parasitoids. A number of scelionine genera of similar habitus, and presumed close relation, are also known to be parasitoids of orthopteran eggs, e.g., Macroteleia Kieffer , Triteleia Kieffer  for the individual specimens. The label data for all specimens have been georeferenced and recorded in the Hymenoptera Online database, and details on the data associated with these specimens can be accessed at the following link, hol.osu.edu, and entering the identifier in the form (note the space between the acronym and the number). The electronic version of the paper contains hyperlinks to external resources. Insofar as possible, the external information conforms to standards developed and maintained through the organization Biodiversity Information Standards (Taxonomic Database Working Group). All new species have been prospectively registered with ZooBank (www.zoobank.org), and other taxonomic names, where appropriate, have been retrospectively registered. The external hyperlinks are cited explicitly in the endnotes so that users of the printed version of this article have access to the same resources.In the Material Examined section the specimens studied are recorded in an abbreviated format, using unique identifiers , designed to facilitate the production of a taxon by character data matrices, and to integrate those data with the existing taxonomic and specimen-level database. Data may be exported in both text format and as input files for other applications. The text output for descriptions is in the format of \u201cCharacter: Character state (s)\u201d. Polymorphic characters are indicated by semicolon-separated character states.Data associated with the genus specimage.osu.edu), the image database at The Ohio State University.Images and measurements were made using Combine ZP and AutoMontage extended-focus software, using JVC KY-F75U digital camera, Leica Z16 APOA microscope, and 1X objective lens. Images were post-processed with Abobe Photoshop CS3 Extended. A standard set of images is provided for each species: dorsal habitus, lateral habitus, dorsal and lateral views of the head and mesosoma, and anterior view of head. The individual images are archived in Specimage ; Baryconus Forster, Bracalba Dodd, Chromoteleia Ashmead, Oxyscelio Kieffer);  Ashmead, 1893: 209, 211, 219 Type: PetalosemaChromoteleiarufithorax Kieffer, by original description , designated by http://zoobank.org/E5906ABF-3A4D-4005-BFEC-13B2AEBD6E81http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/8521Length 3.38\u20139.20 mm; body elongate, robust.Head. Head shape in dorsal view: transverse. Vertex: densely punctate to punctate rugose. Hyperoccipital carina: absent. Occipital carina: present, complete or broadly interrupted medially. OOL: lateral ocellus nearly contiguous with inner orbits, OOL < 0.5 OD; lateral ocellus contiguous with inner orbit. Upper frons: convex, without frontal shelf or carina, punctate rugose. Antennal scrobe: broadly convex to concave medially with distinct depression. Submedian carina: absent. Orbital carina: absent. Inner orbits: diverging ventrally. IOS/EH: IOS distinctly less than EH. Interantennal process: short, often excavate medially. Central keel: present or absent. Antennal foramen: oriented laterally on interantennal process. Facial striae: absent. Malar sulcus: present. Malar striae: absent. Setation of compound eye: absent. Gena: broad, convex, distinctly produced behind eye. Clypeus shape: narrow, slightly convex medially, lateral corners not produced. Anterior  margin of clypeus: pointed; straight. Labrum: not visible in anterior view. Number of mandibular teeth: 3. Arrangement of mandibular teeth: transverse. Number of maxillary palpomeres: 4. Shape of maxillary palpomeres: cylindrical. Number of labial palpomeres: 2.Antenna. Number of antennomeres in female: 12. Number of antennomeres in male: 12. Insertion of radicle into A1: parallel to longitudinal axis of A1. Shape of A1: more or less cylindrical, not flattened. Length of A3 of female: distinctly longer than A2. Number of antennomeres with basiconic sensilla in female: 5; 6. Number of antennomeres with basiconic sensilla in female: 5; 6. Arrangement of sensilla on female clava: in longitudinal pairs. Number of antennomeres bearing tyloids in male antenna: 1. Shape of male flagellum: filiform.Mesosoma. Posterior apex of pronotum in dorsal view: straight, bifid apically to articulate with tegula. Epomial carina: present. Anterior face of pronotum: oblique, visible dorsally, short. Lateral face of pronotum: weakly concave below position of dorsal epomial carina. Netrion: present. Netrion shape: moderately wide, open ventrally. Anterior portion of mesoscutum: vertical, flexed ventrally to meet pronotum. Mesoscutum shape: pentagonal, excavate at base of wings. Skaphion: absent. Notauli: present, percurrent. Parapsidal lines: absent. Antero-admedian lines: absent. Transscutal articulation: well-developed, narrow. Shape of mesoscutellum: trapezoidal, without spines. Lateral mesoscutellar spine: absent. Median mesoscutellar spine: absent. Axillular spine: absent. Surface of mesoscutellum: convex throughout. Median longitudinal furrow on mesoscutellum: absent. Metascutellum: clearly differentiated. Shape of metascutellum: trapezoidal with broad posterior margin; elongate trapezoidal but with deeply incised apex, forming two spines laterally. Posterior margin of metascutellum: straight; concave; convex. Setation of metascutellum: present. Metapostnotum: fused to propodeum. Lateral propodeal projection: absent. Medial propodeal projection: absent. Mesopleural carina: present. Mesal course of acetabular carina: not separating fore coxae. Setation of subalar pit: present. Mesopleural pit: present. Posterodorsal corner of mesopleuron: rounded anteriorly.Legs. Number of mesotibial spurs: 1. Number of metatibial spurs: 1. Dorsal surface of metacoxa: smooth; punctate. Shape of metacoxa: cylindrical, ecarinate. Trochantellus: indicated by transverse sulcus on femur.Wings. Wing development of female: macropterous. Wing development of male: macropterous. Tubular veins in fore wing: present. Bulla of fore wing R: absent. Length of marginal vein of fore wing: punctiform, R terminating at costal margin. Origin of r-rs in fore wing: basal of point at which R meets costal margin. Basal vein (Rs+M) in fore wing: spectral; nebulous. Development of R vein in hind wing: complete.Metasoma. Number of external metasomal tergites in female: 6. Number of external metasoma sternites in female: 6. Number of external metasomal tergites in male: 7. Number of external metasomal sternites in male: 7. Shape of metasoma: lanceolate. Laterotergites: present, narrow. Laterosternites: present. T1 of female: flat; medially convex as a small hump anteriorly. Relative size of metasomal segments: T2\u2013T3 subequal in length, remaining terga shorter. Metasomal tergites with basal crenulae: T2. Sublateral carinae on tergites: present. Median longitudinal carina on metasomal terga: absent. Shape of female T6: flattened; laterally compressed. Anterior margin of S1: not produced anteriorly, straight. Felt fields on S2: absent. Felt fields on S3: absent. Ovipositor: Scelio-type  make it a relatively easy genus to identify. The setation of the metascutellum is found in relatively few scelionine genera, typically among the more robust genera, and is a useful diagnostic character. Chromoteleia appears closest to Bracalba Dodd and Romilius Walker, from which it can be separated by the setation of the eyes (absent in Chromoteleia).The large size and distinctive characters of Chromoteleia in Africa and South America is a phenomenon of biogeographical interest. Dispersal from South America to Africa has been demonstrated in the parasitoid wasp genus Kapala Cameron (Eucharitidae) , suggesting that the extant fauna of this genus is the remainder of a once widespread distribution.The distribution of ritidae)  and a siChromoteleia is widespread in continental Mesoamerica, Central America, and South America. It is found as far north as the Mexican state of Jalisco, and in the south extends to Itap\u00faa Department in Paraguay and Paran\u00e1 in southern Brazil. It is noteworthy, though, that it is entirely absent from the Greater Antilles. In the Lesser Antilles, one species, C.semicyanea, apparently is endemic in St. Vincent, and a second, C.aequalis, is known from Dominica (as well as Guyana). This is unusual for scelionines of comparable size and presumed biology: genera such as Scelio, Baryconus, Macroteleia, Triteleia and Opisthacantha are common and richly represented in species throughout the Caribbean.Basiconic sensilla on A12Chromoteleia clearly have two basiconic sensilla on the apical antennomere  there may be patch of setae . However, because this is a newly recognized character, it has yet to be examined thoroughly throughout Scelioninae. This character is known to us from Romilius, Bracalba, and Macroteleiapilosa Muesebeck.The presence of setae C.connectens KiefferC.brevitarsis Kieffer= C.copiosa Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.cuneus Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.curta Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.depilis Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.dispar Chen & Masner, sp. n.C.feng Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.fossa Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.fuscicornis KiefferC.ingens Chen & Masner, sp. n.C.levitas Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.longitarsis KiefferC.longa Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.maura Chen & Masner, sp. n.C.parvitas Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.pilus Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.plana Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.rara Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.robusta Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.rufithorax KiefferC.semicyanea AshmeadC.semilutea Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.sparsa Chen & Johnson, sp. n.C.tricarinata KiefferTaxon classificationAnimaliaHymenopteraScelionidaeChen & Johnsonsp. n.http://zoobank.org/A91D1FE4-DEF0-4D3F-BC48-3F29A67FC42Ahttp://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/452211Body length of female: 6.88\u20137.27 mm (n = 3). Body length of male: 5.90\u20136.20 mm (n = 3). Color of A1: yellow to orange. A6 in female: distinctly longer than wide. A5 in female: distinctly longer than wide. A6 in male: approximately 2.0\u00d7 longer than wide. Number of basiconic sensilla on A7: 0. Number of basiconic sensilla on A12: 2. Sculpture of dorsal A1: striate. Color of head: black. Sculpture of frons directly above interantennal process: transversely striate to rugose. Central keel: present, interrupted medially. Ventral margin of clypeus: pointed. Granulate microsculpture of dorsal frons: absent. Occipital carina: interrupted medially. Granulate microsculpture of vertex: absent. Sculpture of occiput: smooth. Sculpture of gena: dorsoventrally strigose.Color of mesosoma: black. Sculpture of epicoxal lobe posterior of propleural epicoxal sulcus: densely punctate. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area above pronotal cervical sulcus: smooth dorsally, rugose ventrally. Sculpture of netrion: densely punctate. Microsculpture of mesoscutum: granulate. Macrosculpture of mesoscutal midlobe: densely punctate. Macrosculpture of lateral lobe of mesoscutum: densely punctate. Sculpture of notaulus: foveate. Notaular foveae: discrete. Median mesoscutal carina: present anteriorly, not extending to posterior margin of mesoscutum. Mesoscutellum in lateral view: flat. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: densely punctate rugose. Shape of metascutellum: trapezoidal with broad posterior margin. Median metascutellar carina: absent or indistinguishable from sculpture. Sculpture of metascutellum: areolate. Sculpture of lateral propodeal area: rugose. Mesopleural carina: absent. Sculpture of mesepisternum below femoral depression: smooth directly below femoral depression, otherwise densely punctate. Sculpture of dorsal metapleural area: rugose. Setation of dorsal metapleural area: absent. Setation of area directly dorsal to the metapleural triangle: present. Sculpture of ventral metapleural area: rugose anteriorly, smooth posteriorly. Color of legs: pale yellow with tarsi dark brown to black. Length of hind basitarsus: distinctly longer than remaining segments combined. Sculpture of hind coxa: densely punctate.Length of postmarginal vein: distinctly longer than stigmal vein.Color of metasoma in female: black. Color of metasoma in male: black. Horn on T1 in female: present. Striae of posterior margin of T1 in female: dense. Striae of T1 in male: dense. Transverse sulcus on T2: present. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally punctate rugose. Sculpture of T6 in female: densely longitudinally striate, with fine punctures in interstices. Length of T6 in female: at least 1.5\u00d7 longer than wide. Shape of T6 in female in lateral view: flat. Apical spine on female T6: absent. Sculpture of T6 in male: densely longitudinally striate with fine punctures in interstices. Sculpture of T7 in male: smooth to coriaceous. Posterior margin of T7 in male: straight. Sculpture of medial S2: densely punctate to punctate rugose.This species is easily recognized by its entirely black body both in female and male, densely punctate mesoscutum, and abbreviated median mesoscutal carina.The epithet is inspired by the Latin word for equal, in reference to the black body color shared by males and females, and is intended to be treated as an adjective.http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=452211][Holotype, male, C.rufithorax var. tricarinata: BELIZE: no date, CAS TYPE9759 (deposited in CAS).Other material:  BELIZE: 32 females, 27 males, OSUC556957, 584778\u2013584798, 584800\u2013584804, 584806, 584921, 584932\u2013584934, 586445, 586758, 586870\u2013586871 (CNCI); OSUC186068, 186070, 225287, 232140\u2013232142, 47918\u201347919, 47940, 48011, 48037, 64021, 64026\u201364028, 64046\u201364047, 93534, 93586\u201393588, 94076\u201394077 (OSUC). BRAZIL: 1 female, 2 males, OSUC 56227\u201356229 (OSUC). COLOMBIA: 1 female, OSUC586287 (CNCI). COSTA RICA: 191 females, 340 males, OSUC149653, 149657, 202538 (AEIC); OSUC232992 (BPBM); OSUC232058, 232120\u2013232138, 232188, 232190\u2013232191, 374050, 556994, 556998, 557003, 557007, 557009, 557015, 557017, 557020\u2013557022, 557024\u2013557029, 557046\u2013557047, 557052, 557054\u2013557057, 557059\u2013557060, 557063\u2013557080, 557082, 577894, 577897, 577900\u2013577901, 577905, 577925, 577928, 577930\u2013577931, 577942, 577952, 577956\u2013577961, 577963, 577965\u2013577970, 577972, 578010\u2013578011, 578019, 578023\u2013578024, 578044, 578046, 578053, 578059, 578063\u2013578065, 578067\u2013578070, 578072, 578074\u2013578075, 578077\u2013578078, 578084, 578087\u2013578090, 578093\u2013578096, 578098, 578100\u2013578102, 578105, 583414, 583417\u2013583418, 583421, 583429, 583437, 583460, 583462, 583465\u2013583466, 583470, 583514\u2013583515, 583518\u2013583520, 583709\u2013583715, 583718, 583720\u2013583722, 583724\u2013583730, 583732\u2013583738, 583740\u2013583750, 583754\u2013583755, 583759, 583761\u2013583762, 583766\u2013583767, 583772, 583774\u2013583775, 583777\u2013583783, 583786, 583788\u2013583793, 583795, 583797\u2013583798, 583818\u2013583828, 583830\u2013583833, 583835\u2013583849, 583851\u2013583877, 583883\u2013583885, 583888, 583893\u2013583895, 583899\u2013583900, 583902\u2013583909, 583911\u2013583912, 583914\u2013583915, 583917\u2013583924, 583929\u2013583930, 583939, 583941\u2013583942, 583945\u2013583946, 583950\u2013583951, 583977, 583979, 583983\u2013583987, 583991, 583995\u2013583996, 583999\u2013584002, 584007, 584013, 584015, 584018, 584020\u2013584022, 584024, 584029\u2013584030, 584034, 584036, 584040, 584043\u2013584044, 584046, 584138, 584225, 584227, 584230, 584233, 584240, 584242, 584244, 584250, 584264\u2013584270, 584274\u2013584276, 584281\u2013584283, 584287, 585121\u2013585124, 585126\u2013585144, 586127\u2013586128, 586139\u2013586141, 586152\u2013586156, 586165, 586172, 586174, 586184, 586195, 586197, 586199, 586202, 586204, 586207\u2013586208, 586211, 586215, 586218\u2013586221, 586262\u2013586266, 586270, 586275\u2013586286, 586291\u2013586292, 586296\u2013586301, 586374\u2013586375, 586379\u2013586389, 586391, 586405, 586407\u2013586410, 586414, 586473, 586481\u2013586484, 586486, 586488, 586490\u2013586492, 586495\u2013586497, 586506, 586508, 586511, 586514\u2013586515, 586535\u2013586537, 586540, 586560\u2013586564, 586566, 586569\u2013586571, 586628, 586630, 586632, 586634, 586636\u2013586637, 586642\u2013586643, 586647, 586650\u2013586655, 586657, 586660\u2013586661, 586663, 586665\u2013586666, 586671, 586763, 586765\u2013586768, 586779, 586835, 586872 (CNCI); DPI_FSCA 00010211 (CSCA); SM0810075, SM0810348T (KUNH); OSUC185844, 374051\u2013374054 (OSUC); OSUC320638, 320648\u2013320650 (TAMU); OSUC204982, 204999 (UCDC); OSUC157812 (UCMC). GUATEMALA: 9 females, 16 males, OSUC584920, 584922\u2013584924, 584926\u2013584931, 584935\u2013584936, 584940\u2013584948, 584950, 584952\u2013584953 (CNCI); OSUC317963 (OSUC). HONDURAS: 13 females, 16 males, OSUC584961\u2013584963 (CNCI); OSUC369620, 369622, 369624, 369626\u2013369627, 413758\u2013413759, 413761\u2013413763, 413766\u2013413771, 413773\u2013413782 (MZLU). MEXICO: 14 females, 20 males, OSUC556947, 584937\u2013584939, 584949, 584951, 584954\u2013584960 (CNCI); OSUC268812\u2013268813, 268815\u2013268818, 271011, 271013\u2013271014, 271016, 56230\u201356233, 56235, 56237\u201356241, 56243 (OSUC). NICARAGUA: 1 female, 1 male, DPI_FSCA 00010212 (CSCA); OSUC204951 (UCDC). PANAMA: 68 females, 128 males, OSUC149652, 149655, 202542\u2013202543, 202557, 202559, 202561\u2013202575 (AEIC); OSUC557099\u2013557112, 578054, 583459, 583483, 583501, 583505\u2013583507, 584179\u2013584181, 584183\u2013584224, 584337\u2013584373, 584375\u2013584376, 584383\u2013584397, 586158, 586345, 586373, 586377, 586465\u2013586468, 586477\u2013586479, 586521\u2013586527, 586565, 586613\u2013586617, 586627, 586631, 586682\u2013586692, 586815\u2013586817, 586820\u2013586823, 586825, 586874 (CNCI); OSUC221922\u2013221923, 319208\u2013319209, 320642, 320645\u2013320647, 321353 (TAMU). VENEZUELA: 1 male, OSUC557086 (CNCI)."}
+{"text": "In the original version of this article , the refAshworth M, Robinson S, Godfrey E, Shepherd M, Evans C, Seed P, Parmentier H, Tylee A. Measuring mental health outcomes in primary care: the psychometric properties of a new patient-generated outcome measure, PSYCHLOPS . Prim Care Ment Health. 2005;3:261\u2013270."}
+{"text": "The authors are listed out of order. Please view the correct author order, affiliations, and citation here:1, Greg Beilman2, John P. Delaney2Alex J. Charboneau1. University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America2. Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of Americahttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207797Charboneau AJ, Beilman G, Delaney JP (2018) Fucoidans inhibit the formation of post-operative abdominal adhesions in a rat model. PLoS ONE 13(11): e0207797."}
+{"text": "Adv. Sci.2019, 6, 1900808TableTableIn the originally published article, To correct these errors, two new entries have been added: QCArchive"}
+{"text": "Effect of supplementary zinc on orthodontic tooth movement in a rat model, published at Dental Press J Orthod. 2016 Mar-Apr;21(2):45-50, where it is written:In the article Ahmad Akhoundi Mohammad Sadegh, Ghazanfari Rezvaneh, EtemadMoghadam Shahroo, Alaeddini Mojgan, Khorshidian Azam, Rabbani Shahram, Shamshiri Ahmad Reza, Momeni Nafiseh. Should be written:Mohammad Sadegh Ahmad Akhoundi, Rezvaneh Ghazanfari, Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam, Mojgan Alaeddini, Azam Khorshidian, Shahram Rabbani, Ahmad Reza Shamshiri, Nafiseh Momeni."}
+{"text": "Case Report: Imported Melioidosis from Goa, India, to Israel, 2018\u201d (https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.19-0303) by Brosh-Nissimov and others, the name of an additional co-author has been inadvertently omitted. Dr. Shay Weiss has been involved in the culturing of the Burkholderia isolate for its genetic characterization.In \u201cThe new list of authors should therefore be Tal Brosh-Nissimov, Daniel Grupel, Shlomi Abuhasira, Hanna Leskes, Ma\u2019ayan Israeli, Shirley Lazar, Uri Elia, Ofir Israeli, Adi Beth-Din, Erez Bar-Haim, Inbar Cohen-Gihon, Anat Zvi, Shay Weiss, Ofer Cohen, and Theodor Chitlaru."}
+{"text": "Body weight was measured annually and participants were categorized as weight regainers, weight cyclers, or continued losers/maintainers based on a \u00b13% annual change in weight from year 1 to year 4. Adjudicated overall fracture incidence was captured from years 4 through 13 (median follow\u2010up duration 11.5 years). Hip and spine BMD was assessed in a subset of participants at baseline, year 4 (n\u2009=\u2009468), and year 8 (n\u2009=\u2009354), using dual\u2010energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry. Cox proportional hazards and linear regression models, adjusted for relevant covariates, were performed for fracture and BMD outcomes, respectively. Fifty\u2010eight percent, 22%, and 20% of participants were classified as weight regainers, weight cyclers, and continued losers/maintainers, respectively; and 217 fractures  were recorded during the follow\u2010up period. There were no statistically significant differences in total incident fracture rates for weight regainers  or weight cyclers  when compared to continued losers/maintainers (p\u2009=\u20090.99). Similarly, follow\u2010up BMD estimates did not significantly vary by weight pattern group, although consistent trends for lowered BMD in the hip region were noted for continued losers/maintainers and weight cyclers compared with weight regainers. Patterns of weight change in the 3 years following 1 year of intentional weight loss were not associated with subsequent fracture or significantly reduced BMD in this cohort of overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes. \u00a9 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of body weight change following intentional weight loss on incident fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) in overweight and obese adults with diabetes. A total of 1885 individuals with type 2 diabetes (baseline age: 58.5\u2009\u00b1\u20096.7 years, 58% women, body mass index: 35.7\u2009\u00b1\u20096.0\u2009kg/m Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00017953) study provide a unique opportunity to address this question. Using measured weights over a 4\u2010year period, we aimed to explore associations of three patterns of weight change following intentional weight loss  on fracture risk and change in BMD occurring over the next decade.Osteoporotic fracture is a serious and costly clinical problem associated with type 2 diabetes.n\u2009=\u20092290) and had at least two follow\u2010up weights (excluded n\u2009=\u2009301), no fractures prior to year 4 (excluded n\u2009=\u200977), and non\u2010missing covariate data (excluded n\u2009=\u200927).The Look AHEAD Study was a multicenter, randomized controlled trial designed to determine whether intentional weight loss reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study was approved by local Institutional Review Boards and all participants provided informed consent. Details on the study designWeight was measured annually by certified clinic staff, masked to intervention assignment, using a Tanita BWB 800 digital scale . Based on the first 3 years of follow\u2010up (years 1 through 4), participants were classified into three categories: (i) weight regainers, (ii) weight cyclers, and (iii) continued losers/maintainers, using patterns previously employed in the Look AHEAD studyCentrally adjudicated incident fractures included in this analysis occurred between year 4 and the end of the Look AHEAD\u2010Continuation phase, with maximum follow\u2010up time of 13.2 years . As described,n\u2009=\u2009468) or year 8 (n\u2009=\u2009354) regional DXA scans.Total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine BMD were assessed at five of the 16 Look AHEAD clinical sites using Hologic fan beam densitometers (DXA), as described.Self\u2010reported characteristics  and medical history were assessed using standardized questionnaires. Height was measured in duplicate using a stadiometer and body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Participants brought current prescription medications to update medication records, with bone negative medications defined as: loop diuretics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), thyroid hormones, oral steroids such as prednisone, tricyclic antidepressants, and thiazolidinedione (TZDs); and bone positive medications defined as: androgens (anabolic steroids), calcium, antacids containing calcium, and antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonates, calcitonin nasal spray, estrogens, and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). Fasting blood specimens were analyzed by the Central Biochemistry Laboratory  using standardized laboratory procedures for measuring glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory , with higher scores indicating more symptoms of depression.Descriptive statistics were calculated overall and by weight pattern classification at baseline. Cox proportional hazards models, both unadjusted and adjusted for relevant baseline covariates  were performed for incident overall and hip, pelvis, or upper arm fracture outcomes. Because fracture risk is elevated in older women, a formal test of interaction between age, gender, and weight pattern category was conducted to inform whether stratified analyses should be performed. Differences in hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine BMD at years 4 and 8 were assessed in a subset of participants using linear regression models, adjusting for the same covariates described above plus baseline value of the outcome, and presented as least square means and standard errors. All statistical analyses were executed using SAS version 9.4 .2. Fifty\u2010eight percent, 22% and 20% of participants were classified as weight regainers, weight cyclers, and continued losers/maintainers, respectively. On average, by the year 4 visit, regainers gained 8.3\u2009\u00b1\u20095.5\u2009kg, weight cyclers gained 1.1\u2009\u00b1\u20097.0\u2009kg, and continued losers/maintainers lost 2.9\u2009\u00b1\u20096.0\u2009kg from the year 1 weight. Weight cyclers were more likely to be between the ages of 50 and 59 years, female, Hispanic, and using bone\u2010positive medications, than other categories . Participants in the DXA analyses were more likely to be female (p\u2009<\u20090.01), of ethnic minority (p\u2009<\u20090.01), and slightly younger (p\u2009=\u20090.05) when compared to the main analysis sample; however, the distribution of weight pattern categories within the DXA subset was similar to the larger study sample (data not shown).Baseline descriptive characteristics, detailed by group and overall, are presented in Table n\u2009=\u200963; women n\u2009=\u2009154) were recorded overall. Figure p\u2009=\u20090.99). Similar results were observed for incident hip, pelvis, or upper arm fracture (data not shown). The interaction between age, gender, and weight pattern category was not significant (p\u2009=\u20090.75), thus stratified analyses were not pursued.Over a total of 11.5 years of follow\u2010up, 217 fractures (men 2 (\u22124.5%), \u22120.055\u2009\u00b1\u20090.012\u2009g/cm2 (\u22123.9%), and \u22120.039\u2009\u00b1\u20090.010\u2009g/cm2 (\u22123.0%) in continued losers/maintainers, weight cyclers, and weight regainers, respectively (p\u2009=\u20090.11). Likewise, by year 8, total hip BMD was reduced by \u22120.046\u2009\u00b1\u20090.012\u2009g/cm2 (\u22123.9%), \u22120.042\u2009\u00b1\u20090.012\u2009g/cm2 (\u22123.3%), and \u22120.032\u2009\u00b1\u20090.011\u2009g/cm2 (\u22121.9%) from baseline values in continued losers/maintainers, weight cyclers, and weight regainers, respectively (p\u2009=\u20090.21). No signal was observed for change in lumbar spine BMD .As with incident fracture, no significant associations were observed between weight pattern classification and year 4 and year 8 regional BMD at any site. Trends for lower BMD at the femoral neck and total hip were observed in continued losers/maintainers and weight cyclers compared with weight regainers, yet they did not attain statistical significance. Specifically, by year 8, femoral neck BMD was reduced from baseline by \u22120.050\u2009\u00b1\u20090.012\u2009g/cmThere is increasing interest in understanding the skeletal effects of obesity and diabetes, particularly in the context of weight loss. As reported, randomization to an intensive lifestyle intervention, resulting in weight loss for most participants, was associated with modest bone lossWe are aware of only four studies examining the effect of weight variabilityintentional weight loss on incident fracture; although the effect of weight change following voluntary weight loss on BMD has been assessed in a handful of studies. Some, but not all,To our knowledge, our study is the first to assess the effect of weight patterns dynamics following Strengths of this study include use of objectively measured weights to assess changing weight dynamics following intentional weight loss, as well as adjustment for multiple, relevant covariates. Despite these design strengths, Look AHEAD was not designed to detect differences in incident fracture rates between weight pattern classifications; thus, our analyses may have been underpowered. Certainly, DXA data, which were only available in a subset, are meant to be hypothesis generating, rather than confirmatory. A general limitation in this field of research is the lack of an operational definition for weight cycling. Although we used patterns previously employed in the Look AHEAD studyIn conclusion, in this cohort of overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes experiencing intentional weight loss over a year, we did not observe a significant association between subsequent patterns of weight change and incident fracture. Overall, findings temper concerns regarding weight cycling following intentional weight loss on fracture risk, at least in the short term, although certainly more work in this area is needed.All authors state that they have no conflicts of interest.The Johns Hopkins University: Frederick L. Brancati, MD, MHS1*; Jeanne M. Clark, MD, MPH1 ; Lee Swartz2; Jeanne Charleston, RN3; Lawrence Cheskin, MD3; Richard Rubin, PhD3*; Jean Arceci, RN; David Bolen; Danielle Diggins; Mia Johnson; Joyce Lambert; Sarah Longenecker; Kathy Michalski, RD; Dawn Jiggetts; Chanchai Sapun; Maria Sowers; Kathy Tyler.*deceasedPennington Biomedical Research Center: George A. Bray, MD1; Allison Strate, RN2; Frank L. Greenway, MD3; Donna H. Ryan, MD3; Donald Williamson, PhD3; Timothy Church, MD3; Catherine Champagne, PhD, RD; Valerie Myers, PhD; Jennifer Arceneaux, RN; Kristi Rau; Michelle Begnaud, LDN, RD, CDE; Barbara Cerniauskas, LDN, RD, CDE; Crystal Duncan, LPN; Helen Guay, LDN, LPC, RD; Carolyn Johnson, LPN, Lisa Jones; Kim Landry; Missy Lingle; Jennifer Perault; Cindy Puckett; Marisa Smith; Lauren Cox; Monica Lockett, LPN.The University of Alabama at Birmingham: Cora E. Lewis, MD, MSPH1; Sheikilya Thomas, PhD,MPH2; Monika Safford, MD3; Stephen Glasser, MD3; Vicki DiLillo, PhD3; Gareth Dutton, PhD, Charlotte Bragg, MS, RD, LD; Amy Dobelstein; Sara Hannum; Anne Hubbell, MS; Jane King, MLT; DeLavallade Lee; Andre Morgan; L. Christie Oden; Janet Wallace, MS; Cathy Roche, PhD, RN, BSN; Jackie Roche; Janet Turman.Harvard CenterMassachusetts General Hospital: David M. Nathan, MD1; Enrico Cagliero, MD3; Heather Turgeon, RN, BS, CDE2; Barbara Steiner, EdM; Valerie Goldman, MS, RDN2; Linda Delahanty, MS, RDN3; Ellen Anderson, MS, RDN3; Laurie Bissett, MS, RDN; Christine Stevens, RN; Mary Larkin, RN; Kristen Dalton, BS, Roshni Singh, BS.Joslin Diabetes Center: Edward S. Horton, MD1; Sharon D. Jackson, MS, RD, CDE2; Osama Hamdy, MD, PhD3; A. Enrique Caballero, MD3; Sarah Bain, BS; Elizabeth McKinney, BSN, RN; Barbara Fargnoli, MS,RD; Jeanne Spellman, BS, RD; Kari Galuski, RN; Ann Goebel\u2010Fabbri, PhD; Lori Lambert, MS, RD; Sarah Ledbury, MEd, RD; Maureen Malloy, BS; Kerry Ovalle, MS, RCEP, CDE.Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center: George Blackburn, MD, PhD1* Christos Mantzoros, MD, DSc3; Ann McNamara, RN.*deceasedUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus: James O. Hill, PhD1; Marsha Miller, MS RD2; Holly Wyatt, MD3, Brent Van Dorsten, PhD3; Judith Regensteiner, PhD3; Debbie Bochert; Gina Claxton\u2010Malloy RD Ligia Coelho, BS; Paulette Cohrs, RN, BSN; Susan Green; April Hamilton, BS, CCRC; Jere Hamilton, BA; Eugene Leshchinskiy; Loretta Rome, TRS; Terra Thompson, BA, Kirstie Craul, RD, CDE; Cecilia Wang, MD.Baylor College of Medicine: John P. Foreyt, PhD1; Rebecca S. Reeves, DrPH, RD2; Molly Gee, MEd, RD2; Henry Pownall, PhD3; Ashok Balasubramanyam, MBBS3; Chu\u2010Huang Chen, MD, PhD3; Peter Jones, MD3; Michele Burrington, RD, RN; Allyson Clark Gardner, MS, RD; Sharon Griggs; Michelle Hamilton; Veronica Holley; Sarah Lee; Sarah Lane Liscum, RN, MPH; Susan Cantu\u2010Lumbreras; Julieta Palencia, RN; Jennifer Schmidt; Jayne Thomas, RD; Carolyn White; Charlyne Wright, RN; Monica Alvarez, PCT.The University of Tennessee Health Science CenterUniversity of Tennessee East: Karen C. Johnson, MD, MPH1; Karen L. Wilson, BSN2; Mace Coday, PhD3; Beate Griffin, RN, BS; Donna Valenski; Polly Edwards; Brenda Fonda; Kim Ward.University of Tennessee Downtown: Helmut Steinburg, MD3; Carolyn Gresham, BSN2; Moana Mosby, RN; Debra Clark, LPN; Donna Green RN; Abbas E. Kitabchi, PhD, MD (retired).University of Minnesota: Robert W. Jeffery, PhD1; Tricia Skarphol, MA2; John P. Bantle, MD3; J. Bruce Redmon, MD3; Richard S. Crow, MD3; Scott J. Crow, MD3; Manami Bhattacharya, BS; Cindy Bjerk, MS, RD; Kerrin Brelje, MPH, RD; Carolyne Campbell; Mary Ann Forseth, BA; Melanie Jaeb, MPH, RD; Philip Lacher, BBA; Patti Laqua, BS, RD; Birgitta I. Rice, MS, RPh, CHES; Ann D. Tucker, BA; Mary Susan Voeller, BA.St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center: Xavier Pi\u2010Sunyer, MD1; Jennifer Patricio, MS2; Carmen Pal, MD3; Lynn Allen, MD; Janet Crane, MA, RD, CDN; Lolline Chong, BS, RD; Diane Hirsch, RNC, MS, CDE; Mary Anne Holowaty, MS, CN; Michelle Horowitz, MS, RD; Les James; Raashi Mamtani, MS.University of Pennsylvania: Thomas A. Wadden, PhD1; Barbara J. Maschak\u2010Carey, MSN, CDE2; Robert I. Berkowitz, MD3; Gary Foster, PhD3; Henry Glick, PhD3; Shiriki Kumanyika, PhD RD, MPH3; Yuliis Bell, BA; Raymond Carvajal, PsyD; Helen Chomentowski; Renee Davenport; Lucy Faulconbridge, PhD; Louise Hesson, MSN, CRNP; Sharon Leonard, RD; Monica Mullen, RD, MPH.University of Pittsburgh: John M. Jakicic, PhD1; David E. Kelley, MD1; Jacqueline Wesche\u2010Thobaben, RN, BSN, CDE2; Daniel Edmundowicz, MD3; Lin Ewing, PhD, RN3; Andrea Hergenroeder, PhD, PT, CCS3; Mary L. Klem, PhD, MLIS3; Mary Korytkowski, MD3; Andrea Kriska, PhD3; Lewis H. Kuller, MD, DrPH3; Amy D. Rickman, PhD, RD, LDN3; Rose Salata, MD3; Monica E. Yamamoto, DrPH, RD, FADA3; Janet Bonk, RN, MPH; Susan Copelli, BS, CTR; Rebecca Danchenko, BS; Tammy DeBruce, BA; Barbara Elnyczky; David O. Garcia, PhD; George A. Grove, MS; Patricia H. Harper, MS, RD, LDN; Susan Harrier, BS; Diane Heidingsfelder, MS, RD, CDE, LDN; Nicole L. Helbling, MS, RN; Diane Ives, MPH; Janet Krulia, RN, BSN, CDE; Juliet Mancino, MS, RD, CDE, LDN; Anne Mathews, PhD, RD, LDN; Lisa Martich, BS, RD, LDN; Meghan McGuire, MS; Tracey Y. Murray, BS; Anna Peluso, MS; Karen Quirin; Jennifer Rush, MPH; Joan R. Ritchea; Linda Semler, MS, RD, LDN; Karen Vujevich, RN\u2010BC, MSN, CRNP; Kathy Williams, RN, MHA; Donna L. Wolf, PhD.The Miriam Hospital/Brown Medical School: Rena R. Wing, PhD1; Renee Bright, MS2; Vincent Pera, MD3; Deborah Tate, PhD3; Amy Gorin, PhD3; Kara Gallagher, PhD3; Amy Bach, PhD; Barbara Bancroft, RN, MS; Anna Bertorelli, MBA, RD; Richard Carey, BS; Tatum Charron, BS; Heather Chenot, MS; Kimberley Chula\u2010Maguire, MS; Pamela Coward, MS, RD; Lisa Cronkite, BS; Julie Currin, MD; Maureen Daly, RN; Caitlin Egan, MS; Erica Ferguson, BS, RD; Linda Foss, MPH; Jennifer Gauvin, BS; Don Kieffer, PhD; Lauren Lessard, BS; Deborah Maier, MS; JP Massaro, BS; Tammy Monk, MS; Rob Nicholson, PhD; Erin Patterson, BS; Suzanne Phelan, PhD; Hollie Raynor, PhD, RD; Douglas Raynor, PhD; Natalie Robinson, MS, RD; Deborah Robles; Jane Tavares, BS.The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio: Helen P. Hazuda, PhD1; Maria G. Montez, RN, MSHP, CDE2; Carlos Lorenzo, MD3; Charles F. Coleman, MS, RD; Domingo Granado, RN; Kathy Hathaway, MS, RD; Juan Carlos Isaac, RC, BSN; Nora Ramirez, RN, BSN.VA Puget Sound Health Care System/University of Washington: Steven E. Kahn, MB, ChB1; Anne Kure, BS2; Edward J. Boyko, MD, MPH3; Edward Lipkin, MD, PhD3; Dace Trence, MD3; Subbulaxmi Trikudanathan, MD, MRCP, MMSc3; Elaine Tsai, MD3; Brenda Montgomery, RN, MS, CDE; Ivy Morgan\u2010Taggart; Jolanta Socha, BS; Lonnese Taylor, RN, BS; Alan Wesley, BA.Southwestern American Indian Center, Phoenix, Arizona and Shiprock, New Mexico: William C. Knowler, MD, DrPH1; Paula Bolin, RN, MC2; Tina Killean, BS2; Maria Cassidy\u2010Begay, BSND, RND2; Katie Toledo, MS, LPC2; Cathy Manus, LPN3; Jonathan Krakoff, MD3; Jeffrey M. Curtis, MD, MPH3; Sara Michaels, MD3; Paul Bloomquist, MD3; Peter H. Bennett, MB, FRCP3; Bernadita Fallis, RN, RHIT, CCS; Diane F. Hollowbreast; Ruby Johnson; Maria Meacham, BSN, RN, CDE; Christina Morris, BA; Julie Nelson, RD; Carol Percy, RN, MS; Patricia Poorthunder; Sandra Sangster; Leigh A. Shovestull, RD, CDE; Miranda Smart; Janelia Smiley; Teddy Thomas, BS.University of Southern California: Anne Peters, MD1; Siran Ghazarian, MD2; Elizabeth Beale, MD3; Kati Konersman, RD, CDE; Brenda Quintero\u2010Varela; Edgar Ramirez; Gabriela Rios, RD; Gabriela Rodriguez, MA; Valerie Ruelas MSW, LCSW; Sara Serafin\u2010Dokhan; Martha Walker, RD.Wake Forest University: Mark A. Espeland, PhD1; Judy L. Bahnson, BA, CCRP3; Lynne E. Wagenknecht, DrPH1; David Reboussin, PhD3; W. Jack Rejeski, PhD3; Alain G. Bertoni, MD, MPH3; Wei Lang, PhD3; David Lefkowitz, MD3* Patrick S. Reynolds, MD3; Denise Houston, PhD3; Mike E. Miller, PhD3; Laura D. Baker, PhD3; Nicholas Pajewski, PhD3; Stephen R. Rapp, PhD3; Stephen Kritchevsky, PhD3; Haiying Chen, PhD, MM3; Valerie Wilson, MD3; Delia S. West, PhD3; Ron Prineas, MD3; Tandaw Samdarshi, MD3; Amelia Hodges, BS, CCRP2; Karen Wall2; Carrie C. Williams, MA, CCRP2; Andrea Anderson, MS; Jerry M. Barnes, MA; Tara D. Beckner; Delilah R. Cook; Valery S. Effoe, MD, MS; Melanie Franks, BBA; Katie Garcia, MS; Sarah A. Gaussoin, MS; Candace Goode; Michelle Gordon, MS; Lea Harvin, BS; Mary A. Hontz, BA; Don G. Hire, BS; Patricia Hogan, MS; Mark King, BS; Kathy Lane, BS; Rebecca H. Neiberg, MS; Julia T. Rushing, MS; Debbie Steinberg, BS; Jennifer Walker, MS; Michael P. Walkup, MS.Central Laboratory, Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories: Santica M. Marcovina, PhD, ScD1; Jessica Hurting2; John J. Albers, PhD3, Vinod Gaur, PhD4.ECG Reading Center, EPICARE, Wake Forest University School of Medicine:1; Charles Campbell 2; Zhu\u2010Ming Zhang, MD3; Mary Barr; Susan Hensley; Julie Hu; Lisa Keasler; Yabing Li, MD.Elsayed Z. Soliman MD, MSc, MSHall\u2010Foushee Communications, Inc.: Richard Foushee, PhD; Nancy J. Hall, MA.Federal SponsorsNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: Mary Evans, PhD; Van S. Hubbard, MD, PhD; Susan Z. Yanovski, MD.National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: Lawton S. Cooper, MD, MPH; Peter Kaufman, PhD, FABMR; Mario Stylianou, PhD.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Edward W. Gregg, PhD; Ping Zhang, PhD.1Principal Investigator.2Program Coordinator.3Co\u2010Investigator.All other Look AHEAD staff members are listed alphabetically by site.Authors\u2019 roles: Study design: KMB, RHN, KCJ, CHD, RC, AVS, CJC, CEL, XP, and SBK. Study conduct and data collection: KJ and AVS. Data analysis: RHN. Data interpretation: KMB, RHN, KCJ, CHD, RC, AVS, CJC, CEL, XP, and SBK. Drafting manuscript: KMB, RHN. Revising manuscript content: KMB, RHN, KCJ, CHD, RC, AVS, CJC, CEL, XP, and SBK. Approving final version of manuscript: All authors approved the final version. KMB and RHN take responsibility for the integrity of the data analysis."}
+{"text": "Due to a typesetting error, the author order was changed during the production of the article. The correct order is: Mary A. De Groote, Thale C. Jarvis, Christina Wong, James Graham, Teresa Hoang, Casey L. Young, Wendy Ribble, Joshua Day, Wei Li, Mary Jackson, Mercedes Gonzalez-Juarrero, Xicheng Sun and Urs A. Ochsner.The publisher apologizes for this error. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Journal of Intelligence would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Journal of Intelligence, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Journal of Intelligence in 2016:Abele, StephanFunke, JoachimRast, PhilippeBayen, Ute J.Ganzach, YoavRedifer, JenniBecker, NicolasGignac, GillesRitchie, StuartBeckmann, Jens F.Goldhammer, FrankSchmidt, FrankBenson, Nicholas F.Greiff, SamuelSchmiedek, FlorianBrewer, GeneGrigorenko, ElenaSchneider, W. JoelBriley, Daniel A.Hagemann, DirkSchoppek, WolfgangBurns, NickHorn, SebastianSchweizer, KarlCampbell, Frances A.Kan, Kees-JanStadler, MatthiasChicherio, ChristianKaufman, JamesStevenson, Claire E.Colom, RobertoKretzschmar, AndreTe Nijenhuis, JanConway, Andrew R. A.Kroehne, UlfTroche, Stefan J.De Boeck, PaulLee, James J.Unsworth, NashDickens, William T.Luciano, MichelleVerhaeghen, PaulDoebler, PhilippMolenaar, DylanVoss, AndreasElliott, Julian G.Nettelbeck, TedWeiss, Lawrence G.Fernandez, S\u00e9bastienNisbett, RichardWiernik, Brenton M.Fischer, AndreasPlomin, RobertWoodley, MichaelFlynn, JamesRanger, JochenZu, JiyunThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Scientific Data 10.1038/sdata.2018.176 Published online 4 September 2018Correction to: Due to a typesetting error, 25 rows were omitted from Table 3 in the original version of this Data Descriptor. These missing rows correspond to the following sample names:S0315, S0316, S0317, S0318, S0319, S0403, S0404, S0405, S0406, S0407, S0482, S0483, S0484, S0485, S0486, S0543, S0544, S0545, S0546, S0547, S0592, S0593, S0594, S0595, S0596.In addition, a column in the table indicating the total bases for each sample was omitted.Table 3 has been updated to include the missing data."}
+{"text": "The correct name is: Limin Li. The correct citation is: Li L, Woo YY, de Bruyne JA, Nathan AM, Kee SY, Chan YF, et al. (2018) Epidemiology, clinical presentation and respiratory sequelae of adenovirus pneumonia in children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. PLoS ONE 13(10): e0205795."}
+{"text": "AbstractLophomyra Schaus, 1911 (Noctuidae) is the smaller of two noctuid genera originally described by Schaus that include species recently associated with ferns (Pteridophyta), in this case Polypodiaceae, as larval food plants. Following an examination of type material and reared specimens accompanied by DNA barcode data, Lophomyra is revised to include L.tacita Schaus, 1911, L.santista , and L.commixta , comb. n., the last of which is transferred from Chytonidia Schaus, 1914 . Lophomyra is characterized based on adult and larval morphology, especially that of the male genitalia. Structures associated with the valvae are discussed with reference to dissected and in situ images. Larvae of L.commixta and L.tacita are described from images, and the recorded food plants of both species are discussed in the context of known New World noctuid pteridivores. Lophomyra Schaus, 1911 is one of two noctuine genera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae) described by Schaus with larvae recently discovered feeding on fern foliage (Pteridophyta) at \u00c1rea de Conservaci\u00f3n Guanacaste (ACG), northwestern Costa Rica. Because of their age and toxicity, ferns and their associated herbivore faunas have been of interest to plant-insect biologists for decades. In part because some fern-feeding insect groups have only recently become known as such and are in need of systematic treatment, the number of origins of pteridivory has likely been underestimated and the diet breadths of pteridivorous insects oversimplified. Sampling of Lepidoptera larvae during the last four decades in ACG , and figure the larvae of two species while characterizing their host plants at ACG.s in ACG  have idePinned specimens were examined with an incandescent light source. Genitalic preparations follow Leucosigma Druce, and our terminology warrants clarification supplementary to that in the parallel review of that genus  extracted during the dissection of the type of Lophomyrasantista. That extraction involved an overnight soak of the abdomen in proteinase and sequestration of the lysate prior to soaking the abdomen in KOH per the normal dissection protocol. It is hoped that a more thorough treatment of Lophomyra will be enabled by greater availability of specimens and corresponding sequence data.Provisional (neighbor-joining) analyses of available DNA barcode data helped to guide dissection efforts and taxonomic decisions, and were supplemented by a partial The following abbreviations refer to collections from which specimens form the basis of this work:MNHUKThe Natural History Museum, London, UK (formerly BMNH).USNMNational Museum of Natural History , Washington, District of Columbia, USA.Taxon classificationAnimaliaLepidopteraNoctuidaeSchaus, 1911Iheringia Jones, [1915] 1914.Iheringiasantista Jones, 1908 by monotypy.Lophomyra are most unmistakably diagnosed by the male genitalia, specifically a conspicuous uncus that in situ appears swollen with a silvery or dark-gray sheen of scale-like clusters of setae, each cluster sharing a setal socket and shingled . Forewing variously shaded with moss-green scales; paler scaling, to the extent present, concentrated primarily towards the inner margin; sexual dimorphism discernible with females more darkly colored, their hind wings more uniformly dark gray throughout and forewing pattern elements generally more distinct than in males; males bear a pronounced dorsal tuft on the second abdominal segment.Species of Head. Labial palpi, frons, and vertex scaled with a mixture of whitish, gray brown, and green. Labial palpi upturned, with second segment longer than the other two segments combined. Proboscis with paired lateral rows of small protuberances towards terminus. Eyes smooth. Antennae filiform, finely scaled dorsally with white or a mixture of white and green.Thorax. Vestiture predominantly made up of spatulate scales and simple hairs; a mix of gray-brown, purplish, lime-green scaling and black peppering; paired latero-dorsal tufts of elongate hairs arising at base of metathorax towards abdomen. Wings. Forewing a mix of gray-brown, black, lime- and moss-green, white and cream-colored scales, the green most prominent in the medial and terminal areas and basally along the inner margin; lines generally incomplete, the black postmedial line most visible but broken, bordered with white on both sides; medial veins edged in black towards the PageBreakouter margin. Basal, antemedial and medial costal striae black and white; postmedial striae white only. Pattern element boundaries blurred in part by variably shaded scaling and most particularly by medial streaking in L.tacita and L.santista. Legs. Scaled with a mixture of green and white; a single pair of mid-tibial spurs; two pair on hind-tibiae; 2+ rows of tibial spines on foreleg, three rows on mid- and hind-legs.Abdomen. Scales predominantly grayish tan. Dorsal tuft of brown scales on second abdominal segment of males. Green scales intermixed with grayish tan, darkening towards in terminal segments. Note the complex of dorsal and ventral tufts enclosing and subtending the uncus and valvae, respectively.Male genitalia. Uncus shingled with dark gray or silvery scale-like setal clusters, each representing ~7\u20139 spine-like setae. Saccus blunt. Juxta roughly shield-shaped, the dorsal edge concave, slightly jagged. Each divided valva comprises (1) a weakly sclerotized elongate sacculus; (2) a strongly sclerotized clasper, either a rudimentary beaklike structure or an elongate gently curved and concave spike, fused to the cucullus (3), which is elongate, weakly sclerotized, and may be swollen apically, spatulate or club-like with a heavy covering of setae and slightly recurved, such that the pair of these structures flank the uncus; and (4) a minor, ampulla-like process embedded within the sacculus, with which it may form a crotch that cradles the clasper. Directly beneath this structure on the inner face of the valve is what appears a well-developed editum comprising a raised patch of spine-like setae or, in the larger species, at least 10 fully developed spines directed anteromedially. Vesica unadorned, without cornuti, but a bilobate sub-basal diverticulum, highly bulbous in the larger species.Female genitalia. Papillae anales blunt-tipped, subquadrate; ductus bursae and corpus bursae flask or wineskin shaped, colliculum absent; ductus bursae narrow relative to caudal region of bursa, constricted at  juncture of the two, opposite dorsal opening to ductus seminalis; ductus may have small ventral posterior appendicular lobe; corpus bursae without signa.Immature stages. Larvae, known exclusively from images, have predominantly orange or reddish-orange heads with 10 black spots, and paired setose dorsal spines.Taxon classificationAnimaliaLepidopteraNoctuidaecomb. n.Chytonidiacommixta Schaus, 1914. Type locality: French Guiana.Type material. HOLOTYPE \u2642: FRENCH GUIANA: St. Laurent, Maroni, Chytonixcommixta Type Schs, Collection Wm Schaus, Type No. 16530 U.S.N.M., USNMENT01370304, \u2642USNM Dissection 148186. Type at USNM.FRENCH GUIANA : \u2642AOUT, GUYANE FRAN\u00c7AISE St-LAURENT du MARONI COLL LE MOULT, Dognin Collection, USNMENT01437236, Male genitalia imaged in situ; \u2642 JUILLET, Ibid, USNMENT01438844, USNM Dissection 148087; \u2640JUILLET, Ibid, USNMENT01437245; \u2640 JANVIER, Ibid, USNMENT01437277; \u2640 Cayenne, F. Guiana., Collection Wm Schaus, USNM Dissection 148086, USNMENT01370319; \u2640Ibid, Chytonixcommixta Schs., USNMENT01370317; \u2640 S.-Laurent du Maroni Guy. Franc, Dognin Collection, Chytonixcommixta Schs., USNMENT01370327 COSTA RICA : http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, COSTA RICA. Except for those denoted \u201cAlajuela,\u201d all localities are within Guanacaste Province.The following label data precede Santa Rosa National Park (SRNP) identifier codes on all reared and light-trapped specimens examined : Voucher: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs DB: Males: Alajuela: Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Jacobo, 10.94076, -85.3177, el. 461m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/07/2011, ecl. 02/03/2011, Edwin Apu, collector, 11-SRNP-69041, USNMENT01370325, USNM Dissection 148098; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/27/2010, ecl. 03/05/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70532, USNMENT01438818; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/27/2010, ecl. 03/06/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70533, USNMENT01438849; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 01/29/2010, ecl. 03/06/2010, Manuel Rios, collector, 10-SRNP-70574, USNMENT01437246; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 01/29/2010, ecl. 03/05/2010, Manuel Rios, collector, 10-SRNP-70573, USNMENT01437262; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/07/2014, ecl. 02/17/2014, Ricardo Calero, collector, 14-SRNP-70035, USNMENT01438824; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Niphidiumoblanceolatum: 01/25/2010, ecl. 02/27/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70488, USNMENT01438848, USNM Dissection 148180; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 02/15/2010, ecl. 03/24/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70810, USNMENT01370328, USNM Dissection 148050; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 02/15/2010, ecl. 03/20/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-70812, USNMENT01437227.Females: Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Niphidiumoblanceolatum: 01/21/2010, ecl. 03/04/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70495, USNMENT01437182; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/24/2010, ecl. 03/02/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70470, USNMENT01437196, USNM Dissection 148299; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 02/03/2010, ecl. 03/17/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70609, USNMENT01437192; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 11/07/2010, ecl. 12/22/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-73249, USNMENT01437207; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 01/29/2010, ecl. 03/11/2010, Manuel Rios, collector, 10-SRNP-70572, USNMENT01437261; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 02/15/2010, ecl. 03/24/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-70811, USNMENT01437202; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 01/27/2010, ecl. 03/03/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-70534, USNMENT01437267 USNM Dissection 148187; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/23/2010, ecl. 03/02/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70436, USNMENT01370329, USNM Dissection 148051; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 03/15/2012, ecl. 04/18/2012, Ricardo Calero, collector, 12-SRNP-70644, USNMENT01370326, USNM Dissection 148106.Lophomyra. Overall, we note the more mottled appearance to the forewing than in L.tacita or L.santista. More specifically, the green orbicular spot outlined in cream and the reniform spot outlined in white form a pair of figure 8\u2019s in L.commixta that meet at their posterior edges to form a deformed U-shaped stigma. These pattern elements are less obvious in L.tacita and L.santista, where the fusion of the reniform and orbicular spots is more complete. The male genitalia of L.commixta are distinct from and less robust than those of its congeners by virtue of the clasper\u2019s being less sharply developed, and the cucullus' appearing simple PageBreakand spatulate; the vesica bears a basal diverticular nipple , average 10.6 mm , 11.5 mm . Forewing patterning appearing less blended than in congeners, largely due to visibility of reniform-subreniform complex (see above) and the visibility of the postmedial line; on undersides, green shading confined primarily to forewing terminal areas; post-medial lines present but faint on undersides. Legs. Scaling, tibial spurs, and rows of tibial spines as for genus.Abdomen. Dorsal scales predominantly tannish, except on terminal segments where visibly green; a medial line of dark scaling ventrally. Males with prominent medio-dorsal tuft of brown spatulate scales on A2; dorsal tufts posterior to A2 composed primarily of hairs concolorous with adjacent abdominal scaling.Male genitalia. Structures less robust than those of larger congeners, including the much-reduced sacculus (1), a barely visible ampulla-like structure within it (4); the spines associated with the editum; the clasper (2), which is small and beak-like; and the cucullus (3), which is spatulate or modestly swollen distally, and not strongly recurved. Vesica with a shallow subbasal diverticular bump and a separate, more conspicuous, basal nipple.Female genitalia. Antrum narrow, not more than twice the width of the ductus; ventral appendicular lobe present at caudal end of ductus bursae.Immature stages. Larvae known from images . Eighteen reared individuals  used an average of 24 days between the onset of the prepupal stage and adult eclosion in their ACG rain forest habitat. All ACG specimens were reared from wild-caught caterpillars and none light-trapped despite massive ACG-wide light-trapping, and all have the same DNA COI barcode and BIN (BOLD:AAY4740). No barcodes were available for South American specimens.Wild-caught caterpillars were found feeding on leaves of PageBreakFrench Guiana, Costa Rican rain forest.Chytonidia\u201d commixta with Lophomyra. The reared Costa Rican specimens may well represent a species distinct from L.commixta; they are larger than a small series of topotypic specimens from French Guiana . However, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, we have elected to continue to include them under L.commixta, recognizing that additional data may well separate the two, and that it is not un common for South American specimens to be recognized as taxonomically distinct from their Costa Rican look-alikes : VENEZUELA: Aragua Rancho Grande 1100m 1\u20133 IV 1978 blacklight, cloud forest, J. B. Heppner, USNM Dissection 148083, USNMENT01437226 [\u2642]; VENEZUELA: Ar. Rancho Grande July1\u20137 1967 RW Poole 1100m, USNMENT01370311 [\u2642]; Ibid July 15\u201321, USNM Dissection 148084, USNMENT01370316 [\u2640]. COSTA RICA : \u2642Juan Vinas CR, June, Lophomyratacita Schs, gen & sp nov Xylomyges group USNMENT01370323; Turrialba Costa Rica 10 II 1973 V.O. Becker, col. Becker 33420, Lophomyratacita Schs, 1911, USNM Dissection 148143, USNMENT01370321; Ibid, USNM Dissection 148081, USNMENT01438834.http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, COSTA RICA. Except for those denoted \u201cAlajuela\u201d, all localities are within Guanacaste Province.The following label data precede SRNP identifier codes on all reared and light-trapped specimens examined : Voucher: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs DB: Males (16): Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 11/29/2009, ecl. 01/05/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 09-SRNP-73925, USNMENT01370314, USNM Dissection 148052; Sector Pitilla: Quebradona, 10.99102, -85.39539, el. 475m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/10/2010, ecl. 03/02/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70181, USNMENT01437251, USNM Dissection 148188; Sector Pitilla: Quebradona, 10.99102, -85.39539, el. 475m: larva on Pleopeltispolypodioides: 05/03/2011, ecl. 05/29/2011, Petrona Rios, collector, 11-SRNP-70989, USNMENT01370310; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Niphidiumoblanceolatum: PageBreak11/21/2010, ecl. 12/28/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-73286, USNMENT01370301; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 10/21/2010, ecl., Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-73135, USNMENT01438813; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 10/21/2010, ecl. , Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70435, USNMENT01437276, USNM Dissection 148202; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 11/29/2009, ecl. 01/01/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 09-SRNP-73965, USNMENT01438858; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 02/09/2010, ecl. 03/20/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-70707, USNMENT01370287; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 01/29/2010, ecl. 03/11/2010, Manuel Rios, collector, 10-SRNP-70571, USNMENT01437222; Sector Pitilla: Calma, 11.00987, -85.39214, el. 412m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/29/2010, ecl. 03/13/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70569, USNMENT01437252; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 10/21/2010, ecl. 11/20/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-73128, USNMENT01370305; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 02/01/2010, ecl. 03/10/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70597, USNMENT01438869; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 02/08/2010, ecl. 03/13/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70719, USNMENT01438854; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 01/26/2010, ecl. 03/02/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70530, USNMENT01438809; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 11/26/2010, ecl. 12/03/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-73310, USNMENT01437265, USNM Dissection 148099; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 10/30/2010, ecl. , Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-73207, USNMENT01370315.Females (29): \u2640 Costa Rica. Juan Vinas. 2500 ft. June Wm Loxodestacita Schs, NHMUK01606199; Alajuela: Sector San Cristobal: Finca San Gabriel, 10.87766, -85.39343, el. 645m: larva on Campyloneurumgracile: 03/19/2012, ecl. 04/20/2012, Elda Araya, collector, 12-SRNP-1080, USNMENT01370309; Alajuela: Sector San Cristobal: Estacion San Gerardo, 10.88009, -85.38887, el. 575m: 11/21/2006, F.Quesada&H.Cambronero, collector, 06-SRNP-109388, USNMENT01437195; Alajuela: Sector San Cristobal: Estacion San Gerardo, 10.88009, -85.38887, el. 575m: 05/04/2011, R.Franco&S.Rios, collector, 11-SRNP-103237, USNMENT01437212; Alajuela: Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Jacobo, 10.94076, -85.3177, el. 461m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/11/2011, ecl. 02/09/2011, Edwin Apu, collector, 11-SRNP-69085, USNMENT01437180; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/19/2010, ecl. 02/23/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-70396, USNMENT01437191, USNM Dissection PageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreak148181; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 02/02/2010, ecl. 03/04/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70590, USNMENT01370320, USNM Dissection148189; Sector Pitilla: Coneja, 11.01525, -85.39766, el. 415m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 06/24/2010, ecl. 07/29/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-71914, USNMENT01370306; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 02/09/2010, ecl. 03/17/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-70706, USNMENT01370302; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 10/30/2010, ecl. , Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-73205, USNMENT01437237; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 08/17/2010, ecl. 09/24/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-72638, USNMENT01370313, USNM Dissection 148145; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 03/26/2011, ecl. 04/26/2011, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-70741, USNMENT01437210, USNM Dissection 148144; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Niphidiumoblanceolatum: 10/21/2010, ecl. 11/30/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-73136, USNMENT01437215; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/23/2010, ecl. 03/06/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70437, USNMENT01437235; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 11/03/2010, ecl. , Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-73225, USNMENT01370322; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 02/26/2010, ecl. 04/01/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70954, USNMENT01437190; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/19/2010, ecl. 02/23/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70395, USNMENT01437256; Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/26/2010, ecl. 03/15/2010, Manuel Rios, collector, 10-SRNP-70493, USNMENT01438828; Sector Cacao: Roca Verde, 10.89354, -85.43603, el. 835m: 08/12/2007, R.Franco&F.Quesada, collector, 07-SRNP-108035, USNMENT01437232; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 11/27/2013, ecl. 01/05/2014, Ricardo Calero, collector, 13-SRNP-71895, USNMENT01370324; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 10/08/2013, ecl. 11/11/2013, Ricardo Calero, collector, 13-SRNP-71692, USNMENT01437185; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 12/04/2010, ecl. 01/17/2011, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-73361, USNMENT01437205; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 11/07/2009, ecl. 12/10/2009, Dinia Martinez, collector, 09-SRNP-73662, USNMENT01437270; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/06/2010, ecl. 02/19/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70072, USNPageBreakMENT01370280; Sector Pitilla: Calma, 11.00987, -85.39214, el. 412m: larva on Niphidiumoblanceolatum: 02/22/2011, ecl. 04/11/2011, Ricardo Calero, collector, 11-SRNP-70494, USNMENT01370312; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Polypodiumfraxinifolium: 01/26/2010, ecl. 03/05/2010, Manuel Rios, collector, 10-SRNP-70496, USNMENT01370308; Sector Pitilla: Amonias, 11.04249, -85.40339, el. 390m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 08/21/2010, ecl. 09/19/2010, Manuel Rios, collector, 10-SRNP-31891, USNMENT01438853; Sector Pitilla: Coneja, 11.01525, -85.39766, el. 415m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 01/23/2010, ecl. 03/03/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70460, USNMENT01437275, USNM Dissection 148053; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 11/27/2013, ecl. 01/05/2014, Ricardo Calero, collector, 13-SRNP-71894, USNMENT01438803, USNM Dissection 148105; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m: larva on Microgrammapercussa: 07/02/2010, ecl. 08/07/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-71962, USNMENT01437216.L.commixta as both larva and adult; adult more similar to that of L.santista (below) but can be distinguished by white costal frosting on distal half of forewing, the interruption of the U-shaped stigma by a thin longitudinal white streak which partially encircles a black dot at the base of the reniform, and a variable diffuse gray patch between the dash and a more expansive gray-green patch along the inner margin near the base of the wing. Females lack the appendicular lobe on the ductus bursae, present in both the other species.Readily distinguished from Head. Labial palpus with 2nd segment >2\u00d7 combined length of first and third combined; all segments scaled with a mixture of whitish, black, brown and green. Proboscis with paired lateral rows of ~28 small protuberances at terminus. Eyes smooth. Antennae filiform, dorsally with fine white scales; frons, vertex, and palpi  with a mix of white and green scales.Thorax. Thoracic vestiture a mix of green, white, black, and light brown scales. Wings. Forewing length 13.3 mm , average 12.7 mm , 13.2 mm . Forewing patterned with gray, white, black and moss-green scaling, the last predominantly in the subcostal, outer medial, and subterminal areas and along inner margin; basal line confined to a black subcostal spot or  a pair of black subcostal spots; the most extensive green scaling forming a uniform green basal patch along the inner margin between CuA2 and the postmedial line; short, black basal dash black along inner edge of M, forming the leading edge of a purplish-gray wedge; an outer medial wedge, predominantly moss green, between CuA1 and M2, the latter of which is also edged in purplish gray, overlaps with the fusion of the reniform and orbicular spots; subterminal line wavy, shadowed by white scaling and punctuated by black dots at the intersections of each vein; orbicular spot elongate, lime green, outlined in gold scaling, converging below the M vein with dumbbell-shaped, moss-green reniform spot, outlined with lime-green scaling, forming a deformed U-shape; white subcostal frosting along distal half of wing; a pale, washed-out patch in the ventro-posterior part of the wing, most conspicuous in PageBreakmales. Hind wing uniformly gray in females, pale basally in males, with discal spot faint but present in both. Underside of forewing terminal area with noticeably green shading; inner margin pale; center of wing gray, paler towards inner margin. Pattern elements on underside less conspicuous in males than females, visible primarily in the terminal area of the forewing and the costal margin of the hind wing, where the discal spot is likewise faint, if present in males, and the postmedial line wavy, brown, outwardly white in costal part and increasingly diffuse towards the inner margin. Legs. Scales primarily a mixture of green and white; tibial spurs and rows of tibial spines as for genus.Abdomen. Tan above; abdominal segments with medio-dorsal tufts of tan spatulate scales, tipped brown on A1 and A2, A2 the most prominent, decreasing in size from A3\u20135; each abdominal segment ringed with an apical ring of elongate, strap-like scales and a basal ring of hairs; medial paired medial tufts of green scales ventrally; terminal tufts elaborate, one pair of lateral tufts arcing medially over uncus, when exposed; recurved, tufted apices of dorsal process of cucullus may direct outwardly when viewed in situ  finger-like. Clasper (2) pronouncedly sickle-like and concave. Cucullus (3) especially robust, heavily setose, club-like and recurved apically. Ampulla-like structure (4) embedded within sacculus anterior to a prominent patch of medially directed spines. Vesica with bilobate diverticulum encircling its base.Female genitalia. Appendicular lobe absent from ductus bursae, which is elongate, >\u2153 the length of the corpus bursae; antrum wide and well developed.Immature stages. Larvae known from images . Frons black; antennae orange at base, otherwise black. Dorsum tapers downward from A1 to T3 as in L.commixta. Chalazae black, raised, the dorsal pairs forming robust bisetose spines most prominent on the thoracic and anterior abdominal segments. Integument orange, dorsum spotted black thoracically, thereafter a combination of linear black dashes and black stripes originating dorsally on either side of the orange mid-dorsal line at the caudal end of each segment, giving rise to a striped \u201cherring-bone\u201d pattern and rendering the appearance of bifurcating orange stripes extending forward and down to form a series of slanting alternating black and orange stripes; the orange subspiracular line becoming cantaloupe orange and broader in later instars.ges Figs . OverallMicrogrammapercussa, Niphidiumoblanceolatum, Polypodiumfraxinifolium, Pleopeltispolypodioides, Campyloneurumgracile  in ACG rainforest. Thirty-five individuals  took an average of 25 days between the observed onset of the prepupal stage and adult PageBreakeclosion, with ranges of 21\u201331 days for males and 19\u201329 days for females. These data are all from their ACG rain forest habitat. Almost all ACG specimens were reared from wild-caught caterpillars and only three light trapped despite massive ACG-wide light trapping, and all have the same DNA COI barcode and BIN (BOLD:AAJ2401). No barcodes were available for other specimens of L.tacita.Larvae found feeding on leaves of Costa Rica, Venezuela.PageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakTaxon classificationAnimaliaLepidopteraNoctuidaeIheringiasantista Jones, (1915) 1914 Type locality: Brazil.Type material (2\u2642). SYNTYPES: [Brazil] Type, Iheringiasantista type \u2642 Jones, Alto da Serra Santos 800m. 25 Feb. 1913 E.D. Jones, NHMUK01606195; PageBreakAlto da Serra Santos 800m. 9 Mar. 1913, E.D. Jones coll., Brit. Mus. 1919-295., NHMUK01606197. Types at NMHUK.BRAZIL (2\u2642): BRAZIL: Santa Catharina. Blumenau. Neu Bremen. 28 VIII. 1932, Fritz Hoffmann. B.M. 1934-63, NHMUK01606196; Alto de Serra, Sao Paulo February, 1933. (R. Spitz), Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1., NHMUK01606198. FRENCH GUIANA : Juin, Guyane Francse Nouveau Chantier Collection Le Moult, Lophomyratacita Schs [illeg.] 6-2-13, Dognin Collection, USNMENT01438868; St. Jean, Maroni, F. Guiana. Collection Wm Schaus, Lophomyratacita Schs, USNM Dissection 148082, USNMENT01370318.. PageBreakPageBreakL.tacita; ventral hind wing with postmedial line less pronounced than in tacita; male genitalia nearly indistinguishable from those of L.tacita but quite distinct from L.commixta; unlike L.tacita, female genitalia bear the appendicular lobe at caudal end of ductus bursae.Two elongate chocolate brown patches towards base of forewing; apical spot less pronouned than in Head. Antennae filiform, dorsally with fine white scales; eyes naked; scaling on vertex, frons and palpi much like that of L.tacita but greenish scaling faded in available material so direct comparisions difficult except to Costa Rican L.tacita.Thorax. Vestiture similar to that of head. Wings. Forewing length 14.4 mm , average 14.3 mm , 13.9 mm . Underside of forewing variably frosted along costal and outer margins, whitish along inner margin, uniformly pale gray throughout outer part of wing; hind wing underside pale inward, gray-brown and white dusting along costal margin; discal spot faint. Legs. Scaling, tibial spurs, and rows of tibial spines as for genus.Abdomen. Although Jones (1915: 440) describes both the thorax and abdomen as \u201cwithout crests\u201d in the generic description of the monotypic Iheringia, of which L.santista is the type, there are concolorous dorsal tufts on the first 8 abdominal segments of males of this species and L.tacita.Male gentialia. Structures, including vesica, not readily distinguishable from those of L.tacita.Female genitalia. Based on a single French Guiana specimen  that diagnoses the genus. What appear to be shingled, dark-gray scales are revealed under high magnification to be palmate clusters of setae.Among the more striking features of Lophomyra represent the phylogenetically narrowest diet breadth of any genus of fern-feeding noctuids thus far documented from ACG. All recorded hosts of Lophomyra are polypodiaceous ferns, which are among the more widespread hosts of known Neotropical pteridivorous noctuoid genera, most of which include species that have been recorded from Polypodiaceae, Dryopteridaceae, or both at ACG. These include the noctuid genera Argyrosticta, Callopistria, Leucosigma, and Phuphena and the erebid genera Dusponera, Mamerthes, Nicetas, Rejectaria, Salia, Scopifera and Tarista. With the exception of Leucosigma, each of these includes species that have been recorded from more than two fern families, and a majority from more than five.The known host plants of PageBreakPageBreak"}
+{"text": "Lichen nitidus (LN) is chronic papulosquamous disorder characterized by multiple, 1-2 mm, flesh-colored, shiny, dome-shaped papules. Its incidence is 0.034% in a study of skin diseases in blacks over a 25-years period. Skin lesions classically involves the genitalia, upper extremities, chest and abdomen. Infrequently, the lower extremities, palms, soles, face, nails, and mucous membranes may be affected. Majority of cases are common in children and young adults. Various clinical variants of lichen nitidus are - linear, confluent, vesicular, haemorrhagic, spinous follicular, perforating, generalised, palmar and plantar. We report the observation of a 6-month-old infant who presented translucent papules of the back of the hands whose histological study was in favor of a lichen nitidus."}
+{"text": "In Kodaira, Kodama, Kamijo, Kaneko, and Sekijima , an erro"}
+{"text": "Geriatrics would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Geriatrics, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Geriatrics in 2016:Adamis, DimitriosFirmino, HoracioParmelee, Patricia A.Akinwuntan, Abiodun E.Gagnon, SylvainPatel, Kushang V.Ali, Khalid MustafaGardner, Raquel C.Picco, AgneseAntin, Jonathan F.Garrett, Mario D.Putrino, DavidApfeldorf, William JayGauthier, SergeRam\u00edrez-Moreno, Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00edaAtti, Anna RitaGeldmacher, DavidRaval, Amit D.Baeyens, Jean-PierreGeorge, StaceyReidy, PaulBarber, MarkGoldberg, LynetteReliga, DorotaBauer, EvaGrochtdreis, ThomasRike, Per-OlaBellelli, GiuseppeGupta, Vivek K.Roe, Catherine M.Berggren, IngelaGurrera, Ronald J.Root, Martin M.Brouwer, Wiebo H.Haboubi, NadimRoppolo, MattiaBruins Slot, Karsten M. H.Han, Jin H.Ross, Lesley A.Cassavaugh, Nicholas D.Hellstr\u00f6m, IngridSancassiani, FedericaCasutt, GianclaudioHolt, Tim A.Sarabia-Cobo, Carmen Mar\u00edaChan, Mei LengHorvath, Jared CooneySchweizer, Tom A.Chang, DennisHosie, AnnmarieSikes, PatCherniack, E. PaulJongen, Ellen M. M.Stanton, RobertCheung, Karen Siu-LanKales, Helen C.Stavrinos, DespinaChhatbar, PratikKalicinski, MichaelStinchcombe, ArneChhatre, SumedhaKasneci, EnkelejdaStothart, GeorgeChilibeck, PhilKeage, Hannah A. D.Stowe, James D.Collard, Rose M.Killane, IsabelleSurr, ClaireCooper, ClaudiaKupeli, NuriyeTales, AndreaCornish, StephenLai, Shih-WeiTeasdale, NormandDavinelli, SergioLaurin, DanielleThomas, ChristineDe Berardis, DomenicoLeroi, IracemaTse, Mimi Mun YeeDening, Karen HarrisonMartin, SuzanneUnsworth, Carolyn A.Devos, HannesMcGregor, KeithVan Der Voet, GijsbertDezetter, AnneMcPhee, JamieVaucher, PaulDickerson, Anne E.Minetto, Marco AlessandroVellante, MarcelloDombrovski, Alexandre Y.Mohler, JaneWahlin, \u00c5keDonini, Lorenza MariaMontero-Odasso, ManuelWarrington, Kenneth J.Eap, Chin B.Nadkarni, Neelesh K.Wilkie, Richard M.Evans, DavidNogales-Gonz\u00e1lez, CeliaWood, Joanne M.Favrat, BernardPanza, FrancescoThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "AbstractAprica Goldstein, gen. nov. is described to accommodate Xanthiapatula Druce, 1898. Recent discovery of its larva, which has been recorded eating foliage of species in six families of leptosporangiate ferns, suggest a possible subfamily assignment within the Eriopinae, but this cannot be substantiated based on adult morphology. This species has no obvious close relatives either among the core noctuid pteridivore genera currently recognized in the Eriopinae , nor among genera more recently discovered to be fern-feeders but which remain incertae sedis with respect to subfamily . The recorded foodplant profile is similar to that of another ambiguously placed Nearctic species Fagitanalittera   with which it shares no obvious synapomorphies. Xanthiapatula (Noctuidae) from the holotype collected in the Santa Clara Valley, Costa Rica. The species has subsequently been collected in southern Mexico and Central America. Xanthia is otherwise considered a holarctic genus feeding primarily on Salix and Populus . The species patula was placed in in Bagisara by Bagisarinae, a subfamily with larvae associated primarily with Malvaceae, Xanthia by default, remarking \u201cI could not place it to genus, but am sure that the species belongs somewhere in the large assemblage long known as the Amphipyrinae but now probably within the expanded concept of the Hadeninae of recent authors  as a tribe within the Hadeninae. The combination Bagisarapatula reappeared only informally among determinations made by Poole in the course of a long-term caterpillar inventory of Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG), northwestern Costa Rica  described sta Rica  where, iFW) length was measured from the center of the axillary area to the apex of the forewing. Terminology generally follows Pinned specimens were examined with an incandescent light source. Genitalic preparations follow Clarke (1941) in part and The following abbreviations refer to collections from which specimens form the basis of this study:AMNHAmerican Museum of Natural History, NY, USAMNHUKThe Natural History Museum, London, UKUSNMNational Museum of Natural History , Washington, District of Columbia, USAA.patula are consistent with those in Eriopinae, including cephalic striping, oblique lateral striping and false eyespots on the first abdominal segment  are not discernible from available images. Two features in the adults consistent with Eriopinae are the expression and configuration of M2 arising from the discal cell in the hind wing  derives from the Latin apricus, sunny, open to the light.Aprica may be diagnosed readily both from the appearance of the forewing and by the male and female genitalia. The bisection of the golden-orange FW and similar thoracic coloration from the sunset-reddish HW and similar abdominal coloration is distinctive. Although the male genitalia are unremarkable, the valve simple with a rudimentary, hook-like clasper, the combination of this feature with the absence of abdominal coremata, and the presence of M2 on the HW, differentiates Aprica from other genera with pteridivorous species in which either the clasper is absent and the coremata present ; from genera with the reverse condition , or in which the hindwing M2 is not expressed . In both Apricapatula and Fagitanalittera, the corpus bursae is elongate and the ductus seminalis arises from an appendix bursae located at the posterior  end of the corpus, a condition shared by several Eriopinae but usually uninformative at the generic level.Head. Antennae setose, biramous in males, uniramous in females; scaled above, cupreous. Labial palpi upturned, densely scaled. Eyes naked.Thorax. Thoracic vestiture golden orange, concolorous with forewing. Wings. General \u201cbackground\u201d coloration sharply bisected between forewing and hind wing, the former predominantly orange (as the thoracic vestiture) and the latter a reddish russett ; M2 faintly but clearly expressed on hindwing. Legs. One pair mid-tibial spurs, two pair on hind-tibiae; three rows of tibial spines on legs.Abdomen. Coremata absent; without brushes, pockets, or levers.Male genitalia. Uncus heavily setose; dorsal edges of tegumen straight, angled ventrally at roughly 45\u00b0, tegumen widest supra-medially; valvae medially situated, articulating with the vinculum in its dorsal half, setose throughout, of more or less constant width with a minor constriction at the cucullus; corona well developed; baso-costal processes of sacculus robust; clasper medially situated in valve, elongate with a sharply sclerotized apical hook at the cucullus; pleurite fused; juxta shield-shaped; transtilla well developed and paratergal sclerite evident, well fused; sacculus gently rounded.Female genitalia. Papillae anales flanged at postero-basal edge; posterior and anterior apophyses rod-like, not swollen apically, the anterior slightly shorter than the posterior. Antrum well developed; ductus seminalis arising from the appendix bursae, appendix bursae deriving dorsally from the posterior third of the ductus bursae; ductus bursae wide, elongate, tubular, with a 360\u00b0 counter-clockwise torsion immediately posterior to the corpus bursae; corpus bursae, oblong, bearing a single transverse signum.A.patula; see description below.Known from images of Mexico and Central AmericaTaxon classificationAnimaliaLepidopteraNoctuidaecomb. nov.7d2965bd-d088-5235-a7ce-d163d87fea56Xanthiapatula Druce, 1898 in Bagisarapatula : Poole, 1989: 154.Costa Rica, Santa Clara Valley [BMNH].COSTA RICA : The following label data precede individual unique voucher codes of the format yy-SRNP-xxxxxx  on all reared and light-trapped specimens from ACG : Voucher: D.H. Janzen & W. Hallwachs DB: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, COSTA RICA.38\u2642, 16\u2640 All records of \u201con\u201d a given plant species refer definitively to \u201cfeeding on.\u201d Specimens lacking food plant records were light trapped in the forest and have a 6-digit suffix in their SRNP codes, while reared specimens have a 1\u20135-digit suffix.Alajuela Province: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste : Males: Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Estacion Caribe (melina), 10.8956, -85.29558, el. 391m: 11/09/2007, F. Quesada & R. Franco, collector, 07-SRNP-110152, USNMENT01463558; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Estacion Caribe (melina), 10.8956, -85.29558, el. 391m: 11/10/2007, F. Quesada & R. Franco, collector, 07-SRNP-110402, USNMENT01463615; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Jabalina, Manta Pizote, 10.97325, -85.31542, el. 288m: 09/30/2008, S. Rios & H. Cambronero, collector, 08-SRNP-107404, USNMENT01463664; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Jacobo, 10.94076, -85.3177, el. 461m: larva on Salpichlaenavolubilis: 06/16/2014, ecl. 07/19/2014, Edwin Apu, collector, 14-SRNP-80751, USNMENT01463658; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Manta Hugo, 10.8811, -85.2677, el. 491m: 03/14/2009, H. Cambronero & R. Franco, collector, 10-SRNP-107506, USNMENT01463699; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Protrero Chaves, 10.93868, -85.32167, el. 433m: 8/19/2009, F. Quesada & H. Cambronero, collector, 09-SRNP-107666, Dissection 148312, USNMENT01441902; Quebrada Bambu, 10.9301, -85.25205, el. 109m: larva on Lomariopsisvestita: 09/18/2012, ecl. 10/13/2012, Cirilo Uma\u00f1a, collector, 12-SRNP-76932, USNMENT01463565; Sector San Cristobal: Estacion San Gerardo, 10.88009, -85.38887, el. 575m: 04/29/2006, H. Cambronero & S. Rios, collector, 06-SRNP-103767, USNMENT01463650; Sendero Carmona, 10.87621, -85.38632, el. 670m: larva on Thelypterisnicaraguensis: 05/16/2005, ecl. 06/07/2005, Gloria Sihezar, collector, 05-SRNP-2726, USNMENT01463665. Females: Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Sendero Rincon, 10.8962, -85.27769, el. 430m: larva on Salpichlaenavolubilis: 03/23/2011, ecl. 04/23/2011, Jose Perez, collector, 11-SRNP-41357, USNMENT01463594; Sector Rincon Rain Forest: San Lucas, 10.91847, -85.30338, el. 320m: larva on Thelypterisnicaraguensis: 6/8/2011, ecl. 6/27/2011, Jorge Hernandez, collector, 11-SRNP-42773, Dissection 148174, USNMENT01463999; Quebrada Escondida, 10.89928, -85.27486, el. 420m: larva on Thelypterisnicaraguensis: 11/16/2010, ecl. 12/16/2010, Anabelle Cordoba, collector, 10-SRNP-44267, USNMENT01463798; Sector San Cristobal: Estacion San Gerardo, 10.88009, -85.38887, el. 575m: 04/30/2006, S. Rios & F. Quesada, collector, 06-SRNP-103899, USNMENT01463696. Guanacaste Province: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste : Males: Sector Cacao: Cuesta Caimito, 10.8908, -85.47192, el. 640m: larva on Pterisplumula: 11/13/2007, ecl. 12/07/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-47084, USNMENT01463600; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.88449, -85.47306, el. 557m: 09/12/2007, R. Franco & S. Rios, collector, 07-SRNP-111179, USNMENT01463585; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.88449, -85.47306, el. 557m: 09/12/2007, R. Franco & S. Rios, collector, 07-SRNP-111178, USNMENT01463617; Sector Cacao: Gongora Bananal, 10.88919, -85.47609, el. 600m: larva on Pterisplumula: 10/25/2005, ecl. 11/19/2005, Manuel Pereira, collector, 05-SRNP-48763, USNMENT01463599; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio, 10.88996, -85.47966, el. 550m: larva on Pterisplumula: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/11/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46183, USNMENT01463543; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio, 10.88996, -85.47966, el. 550m: larva on Pterisplumula: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/08/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46186, USNMENT01463693; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio, 10.88996, -85.47966, el. 550m: larva on Pterisplumula: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/07/2007, Dunia Garcia, collector, 07-SRNP-46181; Sector Cacao: Toma de Agua, 10.92956, -85.46512, el. 1160m: 08/09/2010, S. Rios & R. Franco, collector, 10-SRNP-112086, USNMENT01463590; Sector Pailas: Canopy Tours, 10.81262, -85.40248, el. 700m: 9/30/2016, H.Cambronero&R.Franco, collector, 16-SRNP-106142, USNMENT01464165; Sector Pailas: Canopy Tours, 10.81262, -85.40248, el. 700m: 06/11/2008, H. Cambronero & F. Quesada, collector, 08-SRNP-103411, USNMENT01463691; Sector Pitilla: Colocho, 11.0256, -85.41224, el. 390m: 03/19/2007, H. Cambronero & F. Quesada, collector, 07-SRNP-102458, USNMENT01463603; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Pitilla, 10.98931, -85.42581, el. 675m: 03/01/2006, S. Rios & R. Franco, collector, 06-SRNP-102362, USNMENT01463573; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Pitilla, 10.98931, -85.42581, el. 675m: 03/02/2006, R. Franco & F. Quesada, collector, 06-SRNP-102550, Dissection 148362, USNMENT01463556; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99679, -85.39695, el. 487m: 08/29/2008, S. Rios & R. Franco, collector, 08-SRNP-105409, USNMENT01463651; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99679, -85.39695, el. 487m: 08/29/2008, S. Rios & R. Franco, collector, 08-SRNP-105410, USNMENT01463621. Females: Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio, 10.88996, -85.47966, el. 550m: larva on Pterisplumula: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/08/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46187, USNMENT01463536; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio, 10.88996, -85.47966, el. 550m: larva on Pterisplumula: 9/17/2007, ecl. 10/8/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46182, USNMENT01463895; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio, 10.88996, -85.47966, el. 550m: larva on Pterisplumula: 09/17/2007, ecl. 10/11/2007, Manuel Pereira, collector, 07-SRNP-46185; Sector Cacao: Quebrada Otilio, 10.88996, -85.47966, el. 550m: larva on Pterisplumula: 9/17/2007, ecl. 10/12/2007, Dunia Garcia, collector, 07-SRNP-46180, Dissection 148173, USNMENT01463897; Sector Cacao: Roca Verde, 10.89354, -85.43603, el. 835m: 08/12/2007, R. Franco & F. Quesada, collector, 07-SRNP-108036, USNMENT01463587; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Pitilla, 10.98931, -85.42581, el. 675m: 02/28/2006, S. Rios & H. Cambronero, collector, 06-SRNP-101627, USNMENT01463623; Sector Pitilla: Pasmompa, 11.02666, -85.41026, el. 400m: 07/31/2008, R. Franco & S. Rios, collector, 08-SRNP-104889, USNMENT01463671. Other : Males: COSTA RICA: Juan Vinas, Schaus & Barnes, coll., USNMENT01463893; COSTA RICA: Cartago, Orosi Estacion Tapanti Parque, 9 456\u2019 N, -83 471\u2019 W, 4062\u201d, July 7\u20139 2008, 1275m, J. Bolling Sullivan, collector, Dissection 148364, USNMENT01463654; same data, USNMENT01463683; same data, USNMENT01463630; COSTA RICA: Cartago, Orosi Estacion, Tapanti Parque, LN-559900-194000, 1275 m, February 12\u201317, 2005, J. Bolling Sullivan, collector, USNMENT01463894; COSTA RICA: Cartago, Orosi Estaction, Tapani Parque, LN-559900-194000, 1275 m, February 12\u201317, 2005, J. Bolling Sullivan, collector, Dissection 148371, USNMENT01463577; same data, USNMENT01463681; COSTA RICA: Tuis, May 28\u2013June 4, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, Collection WmSchaus, USNMENT01463564; COSTA RICA: Tuis, June, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, USNMENT01463648; COSTA RICA: San Jose 4000ft, Nov 06, Collection WmSchaus, USNMENT01463535. Females: COSTA RICA: Cartago, Orosi Estaction, Tapani Parque, LN-559900-194000, 1275 m, February 12\u201317, 2005, J. Bolling Sullivan, collector, USNMENT01463571; same data, USNMENT01463641; same data, USNMENT01463568; COSTA RICA: Carillo, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, USNMENT01463572. GUATEMALA : Males: GUATEMALA: Cayuga, May, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, USNMENT01463555; GUATEMALA: Cayuga, Sept, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, Dognin Collection, USNMENT01463529; GUATEMALA: Cayuga, Schaus and Barnes, collectors, Aug., Photo Noc.22, USNMENT01463672. Female: GUATEMALA: Retalhuleu, from L Thiel, S Sebastian, USNMENT01463544. MEXICO (1\u2642): Zacualpan [Veracruz] T21, USNM slide # 59037, USNMENT01463653.supra vide as distinct from Eriopinae and other pteridivorous Noctuidae.The apposition of the forewing and hind wing colors differentiates this species from several unrelated New World species  that share superficially similar orange forewing coloration. None of these has a deep reddish hind wing or the laterally bisected contrast in body coloration between thorax and abdomen. The combination of the expressed M2 on the hind wing, the absence of abdominal coremata, and the configuration of the male and female genitalia are summarized in the generic diagnosis Head. Eyes smooth; labial palpi upturned, apex level with antennal base; antennae setose, bifasciculate in males; frons and vertex mix of golden yellow and reddish-orange scales concolorous with those of forewings and thorax.Thorax. Prothoracic vestiture as described for genus. Wings. Forewing length, males, 12.1 mm\u201315.0 mm ; females, 12.1 mm\u201316.1 mm . FW not broadly rounded, outer margin convex; FW scaling golden yellow, suffused with reddish-orange scales, some lilacine at costa; postmedial area less heavily suffused with reddish-orange than antemedial or subterminal areas; antemedial, medial, and postmedial lines distinct and unbroken, the medial line ~2\u00d7 as thick as others; baso-posterior russet patch; reniform spot constricted to form two white stigmata, the antero-costal stigma round and smaller than the other, j-shaped stigma; HW near-uniformly russet-orange, yellowish-orange terminal line unbroken. FW underside russet in center, bounded by paler shading along the costal and posterior margin below the anal vein; pm line jagged, dark gray, fading gradually from costal fascia to the anal vein. HW underside with discal spot present, pm line visible as a series of dark gray spots where it meets the veins; medial lines of both wings diffuse. Legs. As above, for genus. Scales the same mix of golden orange and reddish as on the head and thorax, but more uniformly reddish on the fore-femora.Abdomen. As above, for genus. Vestiture paler than on thorax and concolorous with hind wing.Male genitalia. As above, for genus. Phallus not uniformly sclerotized, weakly so towards the vesica; vesica without cornuti, with a complex of four bubble-like sub-basal diverticula and one larger basal diverticulum; vesica distended baso-medially, recurved clockwise over the phallus before narrowing and everting in a counter-clockwise twist , and both bear false eyespots on the first abdominal segment; the spot is white postero-ventrally, the front half black with a white dot. In the brown form, the head bears a calico pattern, while in the green form the head is more uniformly green; both forms bear a lateral genal stripe. The brown form is predominantly rusty orange, a pair of subdorsal stripes formed by paler orange wedges. Larvae curl their heads under their abdomens when disturbed, emphasizing their false eyespots. This recall\u2019s Pterisplumula Desv. , Pteridiumcaudatum (L.) (Dennstaedtiaceae), Thelypterisnicaraguensis (E. Fourn.) C.V. Morton (Thelypteridaceae), Salpichlaenavolubilis (Kauf.) J. Sm. (Blechnaceae), Lomariopsisvestita E. Fourn. (Lomariopsidaceae), and Nephrolepisbiserrata (Sw.) Schott (Davailleaceae). Recorded hymeopteran parasitoids at ACG include Enicospilusmaculipennis  (Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) and at least one undescribed ichneumonid . The degree to which fern-feeding is more generally conserved phylogenetically has yet to be rigorously tested but see Lithinini (Geometridae). Within the Noctuidaesensu stricto, a precise determination of the number of fern-feeding origins is only now feasible, and enough phylogenetic information exists at least to imply its existence, if not its independent origin, outside the Eriopinae proper. Because of the uncertain placement of several noctuid genera, including Leucosigma , most of the larval characters discussed by Eriopinae  are not observed in Apricapatula. Although fern-feeding is phylogenetically localized enough to have flagged this species for examination initially and cast further doubt on its placement in Bagisarinae or Xylenini, it should be noted that Bagisara without the benefit of any life history information, and we detect insufficient evidence among the available data to place it with Eriopinae.In addition to the exercise of circumscribing such genera as well as the Aprica with Fagitana, but these data are not adequate to corroborate their kinship in the absence of other characters, particularly among the larvae. It warrants mention in part because, like Aprica, the phylogenetic placement of Fagitana is uncertain; it is a ditypic genus comprising the well-characterized North American species littera associated with ferns in at least three of the same families as hosts of Aprica  and a rather dissimilar Asian species gigantea  with an unknown life history. While Aprica and Fagitana share the unusual larval fern-feeding behavior with known Eriopinae, this is insufficient to unite them given the absence of published diagnostic eriopine genitalic features. Although we find it less than ideal to have created a monotypic genus, Aprica, these discrepancies combined with the absence of larval characters and more extensive phylogenetic data render its placement elsewhere difficult to support, and its higher placement at best ambiguous.Provisional DNA barcode analyses suggest a possible kinship of"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-018-24425-9, published online 18 April 2018Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors.Affiliations 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were incorrectly listed as \u2018Experimental Laboratories of the Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Life Science Building N27, James-Frank-Ring, 89081, Ulm, Germany\u2019, \u2018Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, University of Ulm, N27 Life Science Building, James Frank-Ring, 89081, Ulm, Germany\u2019, \u2018Institute for Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology (ITI), Ulm University, Helmholtzstra\u00dfe 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany\u2019, \u2018Department of Orthopaedic Trauma-, Hand-, Plastic, and Reconstruction Surgery, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany\u2019 and \u2018Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany\u2019 respectively. The correct affiliations are listed below.Affiliation 1:Experimental Laboratories of the Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Life Science Building N27, James-Franck-Ring, 89081 Ulm, GermanyAffiliation 2:Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, Ulm University, Life Science Building - N27, James-Franck-Ring, 89081 Ulm, GermanyAffiliation 3:Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, GermanyAffiliation 4:Institute for Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology (ITI), Ulm University, Helmholtzstra\u00dfe 8/2, 89081 Ulm, GermanyAffiliation 5:Department of Orthopaedic Trauma-, Hand-, Plastic, and Reconstruction Surgery, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, GermanyAdditionally, Benedikt Herold, who had been included as an author on the original version of the Article, did not contribute sufficiently to be listed as an author. He has therefore been removed from the author list.Finally, in the original version of this Article Abhijit Basu and Saira Munir were omitted as equally contributing authors. The author contribution section now reads:\u201cA.B. and S.M. contributed equally to the study design, conducted the experiments, analyzed the results and wrote parts of the manuscript. M.A.M. supported this manuscript by his biometric expertise. K.S. contributed to the study design and performed qRT-PCR experiments. D.C., A.S., N.T., M. H.-L., F.G., and M.W. contributed to the discussion, design and the interpretation of the data in the context of trauma and wound healing. K.S.-K. designed the experiments and wrote the manuscript.\u201dThese errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the paper, and in the accompanying Supplementary Figures file."}
+{"text": "Correction to: BMC Biologyhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-018-0605-5Ocean EcoSystems Biology Unit, RD3 GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany.Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Rd., Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA.Upon publication of the original article , it was"}
+{"text": "Positive self-perception of aging has been linked to better physical and psychosocial health outcomes among older adults. Negative self-perception of aging has been associated with poorer health consequences including depression, limited mobility, and mortality. Despite significant findings, the comprehensiveness and quality of self-perception of aging research still warrants further investigation, especially when identifying factors for intervention. Using a large random stratified sample of AARP Medicare Supplement insured members, age\u226565 years, with continuous coverage for \u226512 months, self-perception of aging and various socio-demographic, medical, and psychosocial characteristics were examined using Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression models. Self-perception of aging was measured using the five-item Attitudes Towards Own Aging subscale. Characteristics of interest included age, gender, health status, resilience, purpose, optimism, social network, physical activity, depression, falls, vision, hearing, oral health, and sleep quality. Propensity weighting was used to adjust for potential survey non-response bias. Of weighted survey respondents , 59% exhibited a positive self-perception, while 41% exhibited a negative self-perception. Respondents with a positive self-perception were more likely to be healthier, younger (<75 years), more active (\u22653days), less depressed, have more diverse social networks, higher resilience, and purpose. Negative self-perception was associated with poorer health, older age, depression, and poorer vision, hearing, oral health, and sleep quality. The strongest characteristics associated with positive self-perception were purpose, resilience, physical activity, and social networks. Depression and sleep quality were the strongest characteristics associated with negative self-perception. Interventions targeting these characteristics could be beneficial in promoting positive self-perception of aging and health over time."}
+{"text": "Gels would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Gels, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Gels in 2016:The following reviewed for Abul-Haija, Yousef M.He, WeidongOkada, TomohikoAhadian, SamadHerrera, Raquel P.Pan, LijiaAhearne, MarkIkeda, MasatoParadiso, Vito MicheleAlvarez-Ramirez, JoseJain, GauravRusso, LauraAndrianov, Alexander K.Jajam, KailashSamitier, JosepAppelhans, DietmarJana, SadhanShen, JanaBernards, MattJohn, VijayTabata, MakotoBoluk, YamanJung, Jong HwaTomasini, ClaudiaCallahan, Laura SmithKazakov, SergeyTonelli, Alan E.Carmen S\u00e1nchez, Mar\u00eda DelKharkar, PrathameshTorres, Mar\u00eda D.Corrias, AnnaKiryukhin, Maxim V.Truong, VinhDa Silva, MarceloLenfant, GillesVert, MichelDijkstra, PietLupi, Francesca RomanaVogel, NicolasDostalek, JakubMarchesan, SilviaWang, Hui-LiangDouglas, Jack F.Merino, SoniaWang, LiangDr\u00e4ger, GeraldMeyer, FranckWeon, Byung MookFontaine, MagaliMignon, ArnW\u00f6ll, DominikWinkler, Roland G.Miyatake, TomohiroGohy, Jean-FrancoisNonappa, Nonappa"}
+{"text": "Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with stroke incidence and mortality. Distribution of stroke risk factors is changing worldwide; evidence on these trends is crucial to the allocation of resources for prevention strategies to tackle major modifiable risk factors with the highest impact on stroke burden.We extracted data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017. We analysed trends in global and SES-specific age-standardised stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost from 1990 to 2017. We also estimated the age-standardised attributable risk of stroke mortality associated with common risk factors in low-, low-middle-, upper-middle-, and high-income countries. Further, we explored the effect of age and sex on associations of risk factors with stroke mortality from 1990 to 2017.Despite a growth in crude number of stroke events from 1990 to 2017, there has been an 11.3% decrease in age-standardised stroke incidence rate worldwide . This has been accompanied by an overall 3.1% increase in age-standardised stroke prevalence rate  and a 33.4% decrease in age-standardised stroke mortality rate  over the same time period. The rising trends in age-standardised stroke prevalence have been observed only in middle-income countries, despite declining trends in age-standardised stroke incidence and mortality in all income categories since 2005. Further, there has been almost a 34% reduction in stroke death rate  attributable to modifiable risk factors, more prominently in wealthier countries.Almost half of stroke-related deaths are attributable to poor management of modifiable risk factors, and thus potentially preventable. We should appreciate societal barriers in lower-SES groups to design tailored preventive strategies. Despite improvements in general health knowledge, access to healthcare, and preventative strategies, SES is still strongly associated with modifiable risk factors and stroke burden; thus, screening of people from low SES at higher stroke risk is crucial.The online version of this article (10.1186/s12916-019-1397-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Among 240 causes of death, stroke is globally the second cause of death after ischaemic heart disease , and it Distribution of stroke risk factors in the context of socioeconomic status is changing worldwide  2017, coordinated by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, as of 19 May 2019 . We repoSES was defined based on the gross national per capita income, as classified by the World Bank  , and theThirty-one LICs include Afghanistan, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nepal, Niger, North Korea, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, The Gambia, Togo, Uganda, and Zimbabwe; 52 LMICs include Angola, Armenia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bolivia, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Congo, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, El Salvador, Federated States of Micronesia, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Mauritania, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sao Tome and Principe, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Timor-Leste, Tunisia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, and Zambia; 54 UMICs include Albania, Algeria, American Samoa, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Grenada, Guyana, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Libya, Macedonia, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Montenegro, Namibia, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Romania, Russian Federation, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the, Grenadines, Samoa, Serbia, South Africa, Suriname, Thailand, Tonga, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and Venezuela; and 58 HICs include Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Barbados, Belgium, Bermuda, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Guam, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Northern Mariana Islands, Norway, Oman, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, The Bahamas, Trinidad and Tobago, United Arab Emirates, the UK, Uruguay, Virgin Islands, and the USA.Based on the GBD 2017 , the gloIn contrast, stroke prevalence has increased over time from 1990 to 2017, likely because of longer survival and reduced mortality of people experiencing a stroke. In 2017, the crude number of people with a stroke was 104.2 million (UI 98.5\u2013110.1), which has almost doubled, particularly for ischaemic stroke, compared to the number in 1990 , and this rank has remained relatively constant in different regions since 1990 Table .In 2017, stroke has imposed 132.1 (126.5 to 137.4) million DALYs lost globally (34% more than in 1990), 42% of which was related to ischaemic strokes, in particular, 6.8 million DALYs in LICs, 47.1 million DALYs in LMICs, 63.1 million DALYs in UMICs, and 14.2 million DALYs in HICs ; a 1.6-fold difference in stroke prevalent cases ; a 3.4-fold difference in stroke-related deaths ; and a 3.3-fold difference in stroke DALYs .In 2017, 5.2 million stroke-related deaths and 116.3 million stroke-related DALYs lost worldwide were attributable to modifiable risk factors, less than half of which were observed for ischaemic strokes  are globally the second leading cause of stroke mortality, irrespective of income levels or SDI Table . HoweverIn addition, dietary risks can worsen the consequences of stroke. In particular, diets low in fruits, low in whole grains, low in vegetables, high in sodium, and high in sugar-sweetened beverages increase the likelihood of global stroke mortality Fig. . WorldwiDiabetes and glucose intolerance-related mortality is globally the third critical risk factor of stroke mortality in 2017 Table . HoweverObesity is globally the fourth most influential indicator of stroke mortality, which varies slightly between different SES Table . AlthougTobacco smoking became the fifth leading predictor of stroke in 2017 Table . From 19Air pollution is globally the sixth leading cause of stroke death with no change in its rank from 1990 to 2017 Table . Its attIn 2017, ambient particulate matter pollution and household air pollution from solid fuels were globally responsible for 10.5 and 5.9 million stroke-related DALYs lost and 444.9 and 231.8 thousand stroke-related deaths, respectively Table . Based oThe global rank of stroke mortality related to alcohol drinking rose from the eighth rank in 1990 to the seventh in 2017 Table . AlthougHypercholesterolemia, particularly high LDL-C, became globally the eighth most important indicator of stroke mortality in 2017 Table . From 19Low physical activity has globally remained the ninth modifiable indicator of stroke mortality since 1990, which is almost constant through the varying SES regions Table . SES canAgeing is regarded as the most important predictor of stroke incidence and mortality, and thus, their rates increase by age Fig. . Older iRisk of stroke and the risk factors differ between men and women, with almost no change in their attributed risk of stroke mortality from 1990 to 2017, particularly for tobacco use, alcohol use, obesity, and air pollution Table .Table 7The results of the current study add to the body of evidence on existing disparities, gaps, and hurdles in stroke research, practice, and educational endeavours in different socioeconomic classes, countries, and regions. It appears that the age-standardised rate of stroke incidence and mortality is decreasing in all regions of varying SES (based on income-level or SDI), although more rapidly in wealthier societies. This influence is largely driven through commonly known modifiable stroke risk factors. In 2017, high systolic blood pressure and dietary risks were the top leading causes of stroke-related deaths and worldwide burden. Among the 11 modifiable risk factors, alcohol had five times higher association with haemorrhagic strokes than ischaemic strokes. Further, the rates of stroke mortality and burden were significantly higher in lower SES regions compared with HICs. Likewise, the age-standardised stroke mortality attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is declining in almost all regions, except for obesity and alcohol use. LICs hold the worst attributable risk of stroke mortality for hypertension, dietary habits, diabetes, and air pollution, and UMICs hold the worst attributable risk of stroke mortality for obesity, tobacco use, alcohol use, hypercholesterolemia, and low physical activity. Still, HICs have almost threefold lower rates of stroke mortality attributable to modifiable risk factors compared to all other income categories.According to the last report of the global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, there has been a significant reduction in the age-standardised prevalence of stroke (10% decrease) and death (30% decrease) from 1990 to 2015 [Based on the results of a meta-analysis of 12 population-based cohorts and case-control studies mainly in HICs, despite some limitations, reduced SES could explain more than 30%  of the stroke risk irrespective of classical vascular risk factors . Based oThe disparity between stroke outcomes in LMICs and HICs can be partly explained by a combination of varying levels of general health awareness, access to healthcare, and preventative strategies starting from childhood , 25. StrAccording to the GBD 2015 , there aAlmost half of stroke-related mortality may be attributable to modifiable risk factors , which are mostly the outcome of poor clinical management, limited access to health care, and late detection of underlying risk factors. This necessitates allocation of resources to those modifiable risk factors with the highest impact on stroke in each SES-region. Moreover, social and economic policies to reduce inequalities in stroke care should become a health priority, particularly in less wealthy countries. These policies should focus on treating early predisposing factors and on educational programmes from childhood, which have long-lasting impacts on adulthood health. Likewise, improving worldwide primary healthcare services may have an important impact on post-stroke outcomes. It is essential to improve stroke awareness among socioeconomically deprived individuals and societies and provide equitable post-stroke medical care.Additional file 1:Text S1. Definition of Socioeconomic status; Data gathering and search strategy; Study selection, data extraction, and analysis; Supplements to sections on various risk factors. (DOCX 40\u2009kb)Additional file 2:Table S1. Absolute numbers and rates of stroke mortality and burden attributable to modifiable risk factors. (XLSX 534\u2009kb)Additional file 3:Table S2. Sex differences in stroke-related deaths and burden attributable to modifiable risk factors. (XLSX 501\u2009kb)Additional file 4:Table S3. Age-standardised rates of stroke mortality and burden attributable to behavioural, environmental, and metabolic risks. (XLSX 501\u2009kb)Additional file 5:Table S4. Socioeconomic Status and Stroke Outcome in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. (DOCX 132 kb)"}
+{"text": "The first, second, third, fifth, and sixth authors\u2019 names appear incorrectly. The correct author byline is: N Kannan, S Shanmuga Sundar, S Balaji, Arul Amuthan, NV Anil Kumar, N Balasubramanian.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195800The correct citation is: Kannan N, Shanmuga Sundar S, Balaji S, Amuthan A, Anil Kumar NV, Balasubramanian N (2018) Physiochemical characterization and cytotoxicity evaluation of mercury-based formulation for the development of anticancer therapeuticals. PLoS ONE 13(4): e0195800."}
+{"text": "The original article has been corrected.The article Reducing chemotherapy use in clinically high-risk, genomically low-risk pN0 and pN1 early breast cancer patients: five-year data from the prospective, randomised phase 3 West German Study Group (WSG) PlanB trial, written by Ulrike Nitz, Oleg Gluz, Matthias Christgen, Ronald E. Kates, Michael Clemens, Wolfram Malter, Benno Nuding, Bahriye Aktas, Sherko Kuemmel, Toralf Reimer, Andrea Stefek, Fatemeh Lorenz-Salehi, Petra Krabisch, Marianne Just, Doris Augustin, Cornelia Liedtke, Calvin Chao, Steven Shak, Rachel Wuerstlein, Hans H. Kreipe, Nadia Harbeck, was originally published electronically on the publisher\u2019s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on June 29, 2017 without open access.With the author(s)\u2019 decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on January 6, 2019 to \u00a9 The Author(s) 2017 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License ("}
+{"text": "VOLUME 107107(3) July, page i, page 403, and page 410http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2019.563.Haley J, Carlson McCall R, Zomorodi M, de Saxe Zerdan L, Beth Moreton B, Richardson L. Interprofessional collaboration between health sciences librarians and health professions faculty to implement a book club discussion for incoming students. J Med Libr Assoc. 2019 Jul;107(3):403\u201310. DOI: Page i, page 403, and 410: Lisa de Saxe Zerden\u2019s name is misspelled in the table of contents, author byline, and authors\u2019 affiliations.The table of contents entry should be:Jen Haley, Rebecca Carlson McCall, Meg Zomorodi, Lisa de Saxe Zerden, Beth Moreton, Lee RichardsonThe author byline should be:Jen Haley, MSN, RN, CNL; Rebecca Carlson McCall, MLS, AHIP; Meg Zomorodi, PhD, RN, CNL; Lisa de Saxe Zerden, PhD, MSW; Beth Moreton, MLS; Lee RichardsonThe author affiliation should be:Lisa de Saxe Zerden, PhD, MSW, lzerden@email.unc.edu, Senior Associate Dean for Master\u2019s in Social Work Education and Clinical Associate Professor, School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC"}
+{"text": "The publisher apologizes for the errors.The authors\u2019 given names and surnames are switched. The correct names are: Abdullah Alzahrani, Maged Mohammed, Hairul-Islam M. Ibrahim, Osama I. Alwassil, Maha Habash, Manal Alfuwaires, Hamza Hanieh. The correct citation is: Alzahrani A, Mohammed M, Ibrahim HM, Alwassil OI, Habash M, Alfuwaires M, et al. (2019) Activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling by a novel agonist ameliorates autoimmune encephalomyelitis. PLoS ONE 14(4): e0215981."}
+{"text": "AbstractPhlebotominae 11 species, Psychodinae 6 species) and Azerbaijan (Phlebotominae 18 species) are summarized. The first records of 18 species of Psychodinae  from Armenia and 6 new faunistic records  for the fauna of Azerbaijan are listed. The checklist of recent moth flies from Armenia includes now 35 species, and from Azerbaijan, 24 species.All credible and available published records for 17 species of moth flies known so far from Armenia ( As mentioned by The location of this area creates favourable conditions for entomological research. However, several families of flies have not been well studied in the Caucasus, and in particular, in Armenia and Azerbaijan , 2017b.Psychodidae) are represented only by 17 species previously recorded in Armenia (mainly Phlebotominae  and Psychodinae .Moth flies  papatasi ; P. (Paraphlebotomus) alexandri Sinton, 1928; P. (P.) cucasicus Marzinovsky, 1917; P. (P.) jacusieli Theodor, 1947; P. (P.) mongolensis Sinton, 1928; P. (P.) sergenti Parrot, 1917; P. (P.) similis Perfil\u2019ev, 1963; P. (Larroussius) kandelakii Shurenkova, 1929; P. (L.) perfiliewitranscaucasicus Perfiliew, 1937; P. (L.) perniciosus Newstead, 1911; P. (L.) tobbi Adler & Theodor in Adler, Theodor & Lourie, 1930; P. (Adlerius) balcanicus Theodor, 1958; P. (A.) brevis Theodor & Mesghali, 1964; P. (A.) halepensis Theodor, 1958; P. (A.) simici Nitzulescu, 1931, Sergentomyia (S.) dentata Sinton, 1933; S. (Neophlebotomus) pawlowskyi ; and S. (Parrotomyia) palestinensis ].From Azerbaijan, 18 species of The material presented here comes from two different sampling campaigns. The first campaign collected material by sweep-netting vegetation along streams and lakes in Armenia from August 26 to September 4, 2015 by J. Obo\u0148a, P. Manko and \u013d. Hrivniak; it is preserved in 75% ethanol. A list of 28 sampling sites, with coordinates and altitudes, is given in Table Psychodidae, and catalogue number (cat. no.) of the slide to be included in the NMPCDiptera collection  and NMPC = collections of the National Museum Prague, HC = hand collecting, SW = sweep netting, LT = light traps.All material, determined by the first author, is deposited in the National Museum, Natural History Museum, Department of Entomology, Prague, Czech Republic. Slides are numbered by inventory slide number of the family llection . NomenclPhlebotomus (Phlebotomus) papatasi 1. Selected published records.Distribution. Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Baleares, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Crete, Crimea, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kazakhstan (southern), Kuwait, Libya, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Portugal, Romania, Sardinia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine (southern), Yemen.Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) alexandri Sinton, 19282. Selected published records.Distribution. Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, China (western), Crimea, Cyprus, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Georgia, Greece, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Kazakhstan (southern), Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Pakistan, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Yemen; northern Sahara, Caucasus (southern), Near and Middle East, Central and Eastern Asia; Afrotropical and Oriental regions.Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) cucasicus Marzinovsky, 19173. Selected published records.grimmi Porchinskyi, 1876); caucasicus); caucasicus); caucasicus); caucasicus).Distribution. Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, China (not verified), Georgia, Greece, Iran, Kazakhstan, Macedonia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) jacusieli Theodor, 19474. Selected published records.Distribution. Albania, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Greece, Israel, Jordan, Iran, northern Palestine, Turkey.Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) mongolensis Sinton, 19285. Phlebotomusimitabilis Artemiev, 1974  sergenti Parrot, 19176. Selected published records.sergenti in comparison with subsp. similis Perfil\u2019ev, 1963); sergenti and similis as two bona species); Distribution. Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Baleares, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canary I., China, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France (Corsica), Georgia, Greece, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Libya, Madeira, Macedonia, Mali, Malta, Morocco, Portugal, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Slovenia, Somali Republic, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Yemen. Afrotropical and Oriental regions.Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) similis Perfil\u2019ev, 1963 7. Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) sergentisimilis Perfil\u2019ev, 1963Selected published records.sergentisimilis); Distribution.Phlebotomus (Larroussius) kandelakii Shurenkova, 19298. Selected published records.kandelakii); kandelakii and burneyi Lewis, 1967 recognized); burneyi as a species); Distribution. Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.Phlebotomus (Larroussius) majorsyriacus Adler & Theodor, 19319. Selected published records.major, neglectus Tonnoir, 1921, syriacus Perfil\u2019ev, 1966 and krimensis Perfil\u2019ev, 1966); wui Yang & Xiong, 1965); neglectus as a separate valid species, but taxonomic position of syriacus is unclear due to the missing differential diagnosis in the original description); syriacus as a species).Distribution. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Crimea, Georgia, Greece (Crete), Israel, Italy (Sicily), Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Serbia, Syria, Turkey, Ukraine.Phlebotomus (Larroussius) perfiliewitranscaucasicus Perfiliew, 193710. Selected published records.perfiliewi, transcucasicus, and galilaeus Theodor, 1958); Distribution. Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Russia, Uzbekistan.Phlebotomus (Larroussius) perniciosus Newstead, 191111. Selected published records.Distribution. Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Azerbaijan, Baleares, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canary I., Corsica, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Libya, Macedonia, Malta, Morocco, Portugal, Romania, Sardinia, Serbia, Sicily, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia, Turkey.Phlebotomus (Larroussius) tobbi Adler & Theodor in Adler, Theodor & Lourie, 193012. Selected published records.Distribution. Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Georgia, Greece, Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Serbia, Sicily, Slovenia, Syria, Turkey.Phlebotomus (Adlerius) balcanicus Theodor, 195813. Selected published records. P.chinensisbalcanicus Theodor, 1958); Distribution. Albania, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Caucasus, Crimea, Croatia, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Iran (north-western), Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Turkey, Ukraine.Phlebotomus (Adlerius) brevis Theodor & Mesghali, 19614. 4Phlebotomuschinensisismailicus Perfil\u2019ev, 1966Syn. Published records.P.chinensisismailicus Perfil\u2019ev, 1966); Comments on distribution.Phlebotomus (Adlerius) halepensis Theodor, 195815. Selected published records.Phlebotomuschinensis Newstead, 1916: chinensis, simici Nitzulescu, 1931, longiductus Parrot, 1928, tauriae Perfil\u2019ev, 1966, ismailicus Perfil\u2019ev, 1966, balcanicus and halepensis). tauriae = longiductus, ismailicus = brevis Theodor & Mesghali, 1964); Distribution. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kirghistan, Russia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.Phlebotomus (Adlerius) simici Nitzulescu, 193116. Selected published records.chinensissimici, see P.halepensis); Distribution. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Crete, Georgia, Greece, Jordan, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Palestine, Romania, Russia, Syria, Turkey, former Yugoslavia.Sergentomyia (Sergentomyia) dentata Sinton, 193317. Selected published records. Distribution. Azerbaijan, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.Sergentomyia (Neophlebotomus) pawlowskyi 18. Selected published records.Phlebotomus, Sergentomyia (Rondanomyia) Theodor, 1958; this subgenus was synonymized with Neophlebotomus (ebotomus : 269); Webotomus : 22.Distribution. Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.Sergentomyia (Parrotomyia) palestinensis 19. Selected published records. Adler & Theodor (1927) originally described this species in Phlebotomus; Sergentomyia, which was recognized as well by Parrotomyia); Parrotomyia); Parrotomyia).Distribution. Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Palestine, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia. Oriental Region.Yomormiapetrovi Je\u017eek, 198520. Material examined. Armenia: Tavush Province, Bldan River, below Jukhtakvank monastery and the mineral water factory/plant, Arm 11, 28.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22537.Comments. This species was known only from the original description from Sandanski, Bulgaria (Limomormia (Limomormia) petrovi 21. Material examined. Armenia: Yerevan, Tigran Mets Avenue, Arm 1, 30.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O leg., HC, NMPC slide 22575.Comments. This is an expansive, often synanthropic circumtropical and circumsubtropical species , comb. n.22. Comments. This species from Armenia was originally described by Jungiellamonikae. Its generic placement was changed to Parajungiella Vaillant, 1972  by Paramormia (Duckhousiella) ustulata 23. Material examined. Armenia: Lori Province, tributary of Dzoraget River, above Pushkin village, Arm 27, 3.ix.2015, 1M, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22541; Ararat Province, above the confluence of Azat and Gekhard rivers, Arm 17, 31.viii.2015,1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22582; Lori Province, tributary of Pambak River, at the H24 road switch-backs , Arm 22, 1.ix.2015, 1\u2640, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22589; Kotayk Province, Hrazdan River, below Hrazdan Reservoir, Arm 6, 27.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22597.Comments. This is a widespread species or complex of species occurring in the Holarctic region. Paramormia (Paramormia) fratercula 24. Comments.Pericomafratercula from Great Britain. Paramormia (Paramormia), within the tribe Paramormiini, and Parmormiafratercula in tribe Telmatoscopini.Distribution. Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, the Netherlands, Sweden  polyascoidea 25. Material examined. Armenia: Shirak Province, tributary of Akhurian River, at Torosgyugh village, Arm 25, 3.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22600.Comments. This is a common European and west Siberian species known from Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Poland, Abkhazia, and Russia (Novosibirsk region) ( region) . New forPeripsychodaauriculata 26. Material examined. Armenia: Tavush Province, Bldan River, below Jukhtakvank monastery and mineral water factory/plant, Arm 11, 28.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22536; Tavush Province, Bldan River, above Dilijan City, Arm 10, 28.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22527.Comments. This is a large, black, conspicuous European and Transcaucasian species that is very common in lowlands to hilly regions. For detailed distributional data, see Logimaalbipennis 27. Material examined. Armenia: Ararat Province, Gekhard River, at Gerghard monastery (parking place), Arm 14, 30.viii.2015, 1 \u2640, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22574. Azerbaijan: Qabala district, S of Durca, light trap near stream, tributary of Qaraschay River, Aze 4, 30.v.2017, 1 \u2640, H leg. LT, NMPC slide 24175.Comments. This is a cosmopolitan species, very common from lowlands to mountains.Distribution. In Europe, it is known from Austria, Azores, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Madeira, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Sardinia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Sweden. In Asia from Afghanistan, China, India, Japan, North Korea, Syria and Turkey. In Afrika, from Algeria, the Canary Islands, Gambia, South Africa, Tunisia; also from Australia, New Zealand, South America, USA; Campbell Island, Juan Fernandez Island, Kerguelen Island, Macquarie Island 28. Material examined. Azerbaijan: Qabala district, S of Durca, light trap near stream, tributary of Qaraschay River, Aze 4, 30.v.2017, 1 \u2640, H leg. LT, NMPC slide 24174.Distribution. This is a common Holarctic species. In Europe, known from e.g. Austria, Czech Republic, Ireland, Italy, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, the Netherlands, Ukraine and the former Yugoslavia; Canada, USA , Turkey, Iran, Israel, Mongolia, Morocco and the USA 30. Material examined. Armenia: Ararat Province, Gekhard River, at Gerghard monastery (parking place), Arm 14, 30.viii.2015, 1 \u2640, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22573; Lori Province, tributary of Dzoraget River, above Pushkin village, Arm 27, 3.ix.2015, 1 \u2640, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22543.Distribution. This is a very common cosmopolitan species, in Europe, it is known from Austria, Azores, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canary Islands, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy (including Sardinia), Madeira, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and Ukraine. In Asia, from Abkhazia, Afghanistan, Iran, and Israel. In Africa, from Algeria, Morocco, South Africa, and Tunisia. In the Americas, from Argentina; Brazil, Canada, Chile, Jaun Fernand\u00e9z Island, Puerto Rico, USA. Also known from Australia and New Zealand 31. Material examined. Armenia: Lori Province, tributary of Dzoraget River, above Pushkin village, Arm 27, 3.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22540; Lori Province, tributary of Aghstev River, above M8 road at Lermontov village, Arm 20, 31.viii.2015,1 \u2640, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22559; Ararat Province, above the confluence of Azat and Gekhard rivers, Arm 17, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2640, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22581; Kotayk Province, Marmarik district, Marmarik near road H28, Arm 3, 26.viii.2015, 1 \u2640, O Ma H leg. LT, NMPC slide 22583; Ararat Province, Azat River, at Lanjazat village, Arm 19, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2640, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22595; Kotayk Province, Marmarik district, Marmarik Secondary School, Arm 2, 27.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. BH, NMPC slide 22608. Azerbaijan: Khizi district, S of Sital\u00e7ay, wetland/pasture near Sumgayit bypass highway, Aze 1, 26.v.2017, 1 \u2640, H leg. SW, NMPC slide 24173.Distribution. This is a cosmopolitan species that is generally very common. In Europe, it is known from Austria, Balearic Islands, Belgium, Bulgaria, Crete, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Madeira, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sardinia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Ukraine. In Asia, from Afghanistan and UAE. In Africa from Algeria, Cape Verde Islands, Canary Islands, D.R. Congo, Egypt, Gambia, Ghana, Morocoo, Nigeria, the Seychelles, Socotra Island, South Africa, Tanzania, and Tunisia. In Asia from Bangladesh, Borneo, Philippines, India, Jamaica, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, North Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan. From North and South America, including Panama, Puerto Rico, and Trinidad. Also from Australia, Hawaii, and from Micronesia, Macquarie Islands, New Zealand, and Samoa. . Pericoma (Pachypericoma) blandula Eaton, 189333. Material examined. Armenia: Tavush Province, tributary of Gosh River, spring area at parking place and cafeteria, Arm 28, 4.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22546; Lori Province, tributary of the Pambak River, at the H24 road switch-backs, Arm 22, 1.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22588; Tavush Province, tributary of Aghstev River, above Teghut town, Arm 12, 29.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22592; Lori Province, small brook, in valley at road H23 to Pushkin Pass, Arm 26, 3.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22594; Lori Province, Zamanlu River, a tributary of Pambak River, at Vahagnadzor town, Arm 21, 1.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22607. Azerbaijan: Lankaran district, SW of Lankaran, stream with woody vegetation, tributary of Lankaran River, Aze 3, 3.vi.2017, 2 \u2642, H leg. SW, NMPC slides 24171 and 24172.Distribution. This species is widespread in Europe, known from Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, European Turkey, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Poland, Romania, European Russia, Sardinia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Ukraine. It is also recorded in Transcaucasia, Tunisia, and Morocco  bosniaca Krek, 1967); bosnica Krek, 1967); Material examined. Armenia: Ararat Province, small tributary of Azat River, waterfall at road, Arm 16, 31.viii.2015, 2 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slides 22551 and 22552.Distribution. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Serbia, Macedonia. New for Armenia.Pericomabunae Krek, 197935. Published records.Pericoma (Leptopericoma) bunae Krek, 1979).Material examined. Azerbaijan: Quba district, Xinaliq village, mountain stream, Aze 2, 27.v.2017, 1 \u2642, H leg. SW, NMPC slide 24170.Distribution: This species is known from Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as Montenegro. New for Azerbaijan.Pericomaexquisita Eaton, 189336. Material examined. Armenia: Shirak Province, tributary of Akhurian River, in valley below road from above Amasia town, Arm 24, 2.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22530; Tavush Province, tributary of Gosh River, spring area at the parking place and cafeteria, Arm 28, 4.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22547; Ararat Province, Gekhard River, below Garni Temple, Arm 15, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22578; Ararat Province, above the confluence of Azat and Gekhard rivers, Arm 17, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22587; Kotayk Province, Hrazdan River, above Solak town, Arm 5, 27.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22599.Distribution. This species is widespread in Europe, North Africa , and Transcaucasia 38. Material examined. Armenia: Shirak Province, tributary of Akhurian River, in valley below road from above Amasia town, Arm 24, 2.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22534; Tavush Province, tributary of Gosh River, spring area at parking place and cafeteria, Arm 28, 4.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22534.Comments. This is a common European and western Siberian species. In Europe it is known Austria, Belgium, Great Britain, Czech Republic, Denmark, European Turkey, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Slovakia, Sweden, the Netherlands and the former Yugoslavia. In Asia, it is known from Turkey, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan and China 39. Material examined. Armenia: Kotayk Province, tributary of Marmarik River, above recreation centre, Arm 8, 27.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22606; Kotayk Province, Hrazdan River, above Solak town, Arm 5, 27.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22598; Lori Province, small brook, in valley at road H23 to Pushkin Pass, Arm 26, 3.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22593; Lori Province, small steppe brook, tributary of Dzoraget River, Arm 23, 2.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22591; Kotayk Province, Marmarik River, below Hankavan, Arm 4, 26.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22586; Lori Province, tributary of Aghstev River, above M8 road at Lermontov village, Arm 20, 31.viii.2015, 6 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slides 22561\u201322566; Shirak Province, tributary of Akhurian River, in valley below road from above Amasia town, Arm 24, 2.ix.2015, 3 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slides 22531\u201322533.Comments.Satchelliellajoosti.Distribution. This species is known only from Armenia and Transcaucasus 40. Material examined. Armenia: Kotayk Province, tributary of the Marmarik River, above recreation centre, Arm 8, 27.viii.2015, 3 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slides 22549, 22605 and 22579; Ararat Province, small tributary of Azat River, waterfall at road, Arm 16, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22550; Lori Province, tributary of Aghstev River, above M8 road at Lermontov village, Arm 20, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22560; Ararat Province, Gekhard River, at Gerghard monastery (parking place), Arm 14, 30.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22572; Ararat Province, above the confluence of Azat and Gekhard rivers, Arm 17, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22580; Ararat Province, small tributary of Gekhard River, crossroad at factory, Arm 18, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22603; Gegharkunik Province, Dzknaget River, at Sevan Lake and M14 road, Arm 13, 29.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22604.Comments. This species is distributed throughout almost all of Europe, including Spain, the British Isles and Scandinavia. It is also known from Algeria, Morocco, the Central Caucasus  and Tajikistan, but it is relatively sporadic there 41. Material examined. Armenia: Tavush Province, Bldan River, above Dilijan City, Arm 10, 28.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22526; Shirak Province, tributary of Akhurian River, in valley below road from above Amasia town, Arm 24, 2.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22529; Tavush Province, Bldan River, below Jukhtakvank monastery and mineral water factory/plant, Arm 11, 28.viii.2005, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22535; Lori Province, tributary of Dzoraget River, above Pushkin village, Arm 27, 3.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22539; Tavush Province, tributary of Gosh River, spring area at parking place and cafeteria, Arm 28, 4.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22544; Kotayk Province, tributary of Marmarik River, above the recreation centre, Arm 8, 27.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22548; Lori Province, tributary of Aghstev River, above M8 road at Lermontov village, Arm 8, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22567; Ararat Province, Gekhard River, at Gerghard monastery (parking place), Arm 14, 30.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22571; Lori Province, small steppe brook, tributary of Dzoraget River, Arm 23, 2.ix.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22590; Kotayk Province, Hrazdan River, below Hrazdan Reservoir, Arm 6, 27.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22596.Distribution. This is a very common species, which is recorded from throughout Europe and the Canary Islands. In Europe, it is known from Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Sardinia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Ukraine 44. Material examined. Armenia: Lori Province, tributary of Aghstev River, above M8 road at Lermontov village, Arm 20, 31.viii.2015, 1 \u2642, O Ma H leg. SW, NMPC slide 22568.Distribution. This is a common European species known from Austria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine  ustulata, Psychodochacinerea, Tineariaalternata, Pericoma (Pachypericoma) blandula, Pneumiacanescens, Pneumianubila, or invasive species such as Clogmiaalbipunctata, for the first time from these countries shows that the psychodid fauna is still poorly known.According to erbaijan . In the Knowledge of species distribution is important for studying biogeography and making effective conservation actions. This checklist will provide a baseline for further studies and for initiation of concerted conservation actions in Armenia and Azerbaijan. No doubt that future collecting in Georgia and Azerbaijan, done with the support of the International Visegrad Fund (project No. 21810533), will yield additional faunistic novelties of interest, as shown by similar studies in this region of other dipteran families e.g. ."}
+{"text": "In: Jackson D, Wenz K, Muniz M, Abouzahr C, Schmider A, Braschi MW, et al. Civil registration and vital statistics in health systems. Bull World Health Organ. 2018 Dec 1;96(12):861\u201363, on page 861, the name of the sixth author should be Martin W Bratschi."}
+{"text": "In Lee, Cho, Lee, Jung, and Heo , the aff"}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-018-31613-0, published online 04 September 2018Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for Khaled Taha-Abdelaziz. The correct affiliations for Khaled Taha-Abdelaziz are listed below:Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Al Shamlah, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.This has now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of this Article."}
+{"text": "In \u201cFactors Associated With Willingness to Use Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Brazil, Mexico, and Peru: Web-Based Survey Among Men Who Have Sex With Men\u201d :e13771), the metadata information for author Cristina Pimenta (listed in 8th position) was accidentally overwritten by a duplicate of author Marcos Benedetti (listed in 9th position) when attempting to correct the spelling of Marcos\u2019 surname.Authorship was previously as follows:Thiago Silva Torres, Kelika A Konda, E Hamid Vega-Ramirez, Oliver A Elorreaga, Dulce Diaz-Sosa, Brenda Hoagland, Steven Diaz, Marcos Benedetti, Marcos Bennedeti, Hugo Lopez-Gatell, Rebeca Robles-Garcia, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Carlos Caceres, Valdilea G Veloso, ImPrEP Study GroupThe duplicate name and associated information for the author in 8th position has been adjusted to list Cristina Pimenta, PhD, with affiliation \u201cBrazilian Ministry of Health, Bras\u00edlia, Brazil\u201d, and the spelling of \u201cBennedeti\u201d for the author in 9th position has been corrected to \u201cBenedetti\u201d. Updated authorship is now as follows:Thiago Silva Torres, Kelika A Konda, E Hamid Vega-Ramirez, Oliver A Elorreaga, Dulce Diaz-Sosa, Brenda Hoagland, Steven Diaz, Cristina Pimenta, Marcos Benedetti, Hugo Lopez-Gatell, Rebeca Robles-Garcia, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Carlos Caceres, Valdilea G Veloso, ImPrEP Study GroupThe correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR website on July 18, 2019, together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article also has been resubmitted to those repositories."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/srep37435, published online 25 November 2016Correction to: This Article contains an error where Tariq I. Almundarij is incorrectly affiliated with \u2018College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qassim University, Buraydah, Al-Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia\u2019. The correct affiliations for Tariq I. Almundarij are listed below:Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6622, Buraidah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, US"}
+{"text": "Disease Models & Mechanisms (DMM) is delighted to announce that the winner of the DMM Prize 2018 is Wenqing Zhou, for her paper entitled \u2018Neutrophil-specific knockout demonstrates a role for mitochondria in regulating neutrophil motility in zebrafish\u2019 a. The pr Wenqing ZhouWenqing Zhou grew up in a small town in South Central China and received her bachelor\u2019s degree in biotechnology from Central South University, China. In the third year of undergraduate study, she joined Dr Xueduan Liu's lab, where she learned to isolate bacterial strains from the environment and utilize those strains to increase the metal extraction efficiency from mineral. During that time, she was deeply attracted by those \u2018tiny but magic microbes\u2019.Streptococcus pneumoniae, one of the most common pathogens in the respiratory tract, is widely resistant to macrolide antibiotics because of the dissemination of transposon Tn2010, which carries two different macrolide-resistance genes. She identified that transformation is the predominant way to transfer Tn2010 between S. pneumoniae, and that the acquisition of Tn2010 has a negligible fitness cost, which may explain the widespread distribution of the transposon  also inhibited neutrophil motility. Furthermore, the research demonstrated that the reduced cell motility resulting from neutrophil-specific knockout of sod1 was rescued by sod1 mRNA overexpression or by treating with scavengers of ROS. Together, their work established the first in vivo evidence that mitochondria regulate neutrophil motility, and provided insights into immune deficiency seen in patients with primary mitochondrial disorders. Technically, the group has used the tissue-specific-knockout approach to discover the function of genes, especially those that are developmentally essential, in neutrophils. This is the first successful example of using this technique to make scientific discoveries. They have further demonstrated the specificity of the knockout by mRNA and chemical rescue  11, dmm033027. doi:10.1242/dmm.033027.Also shortlisted by our Editor team:Bone marrow transplantation corrects haemolytic anaemia in a novel ENU mutagenesis mouse model of TPI deficiency.Ashlee J. Conway, Fiona C. Brown, Elinor J. Hortle, Gaetan Burgio, Simon J. Foote, Craig J. Morton, Stephen M. Jane and David J. Curtis.Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm034678. doi:10.1242/dmm.034678.Drosophila melanogasteras a function-based high-throughput screening model for antinephrolithiasis agents in kidney stone patients.Sohrab N. Ali, Thamara K. Dayarathna, Aymon N. Ali, Tijani Osumah, Mohamed Ahmed, Tyler T. Cooper, Nicholas E. Power, Dongxing Zhang, Dajung Kim, Rachel Kim, Andre St. Amant, Jinqiang Hou, Thomas Tailly, Jun Yang, Len Luyt, Paul A. Spagnuolo, Jeremy P. Burton, Hassan Razvi and Hon S. Leong.Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm035873. doi:10.1242/dmm.035873.A novel rabbit model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy generated by CRISPR/Cas9.Tingting Sui, Yeh Siang Lau, Di Liu, Tingjun Liu, Li Xu, Yandi Gao, Liangxue Lai, Zhanjun Li, Renzhi Han.Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm032201. doi:10.1242/dmm.032201.The class I myosin MYO1D binds to lipid and protects against colitis.William McAlpine, Kuan-wen Wang, Jin Huk Choi, Miguel San Miguel, Sarah Grace McAlpine, Jamie Russell, Sara Ludwig, Xiaohong Li, Miao Tang, Xiaoming Zhan, Mihwa Choi, Tao Wang, Chun Hui Bu, Anne R. Murray, Eva Marie Y. Moresco, Emre E. Turer and Bruce Beutler.Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm035923. doi:10.1242/dmm.035923.Nmnat mitigates sensory dysfunction in aDrosophilamodel of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy.Jennifer M. Brazill, Beverley Cruz, Yi Zhu and R. Grace Zhai.Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm032938. doi:10.1242/dmm.032938.CRISPR-Cas9 human gene replacement and phenomic characterization inCaenorhabditis elegansto understand the functional conservation of human genes and decipher variants of uncertain significance.Troy A. McDiarmid, Vinci Au, Aaron D. Loewen, Joseph Liang, Kota Mizumoto, Donald G. Moerman and Catharine H. Rankin.Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm036517. doi:10.1242/dmm.036517.Spliceosomal components protect embryonic neurons from R-loop-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis.Shelly Sorrells, Sara Nik, Mattie Casey, Rosannah C. Cameron, Harold Truong, Cristhian Toruno, Michelle Gulfo, Albert Lowe, Cicely Jette, Rodney A. Stewart and Teresa V. Bowman.Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm031583. doi:10.1242/dmm.031583.Cancer modeling by transgene electroporation in adult zebrafish (TEAZ).Scott J. Callahan, Stephanie Tepan, Yan M. Zhang, Helen Lindsay, Alexa Burger, Nathaniel R. Campbell, Isabella S. Kim, Travis J. Hollmann, Lorenz Studer, Christian Mosimann and Richard M. White.Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm034561. doi:10.1242/dmm.034561.Cooperation of loss ofNKX3.1and inflammation in prostate cancer initiation.Cl\u00e9mentine Le Magnen, Renu K. Virk, Aditya Dutta, Jaime Yeji Kim, Sukanya Panja, Zoila A. Lopez-Bujanda, Andrea Califano, Charles G. Drake, Antonina Mitrofanova and Cory Abate-Shen.Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm035139. doi:10.1242/dmm.035139.Neutrophils are fast-moving cells and primarily rely on glycolysis for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) availability. Whether mitochondria regulate neutrophil motility 's group  and esta's group a. With tl rescue a.Box 1.Currently, Wenqing is characterizing the stable zebrafish lines that she generated with neutrophil-specific knockout, and trying to provide a full understanding of the pathway regulated by mitochondria in neutrophil migration. She will finish the work in the spring of 2019 and start to look for a postdoctoral position."}
+{"text": "Correction to: Eur Rev Aging Phys Act (2019) 16:18https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-019-0226-1Following publication of the original article , the autJochen Klenk, Raphael Simon Peter, Kilian Rapp, Dhayana Dallmeier, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Michael Denkinger, Gisela B\u00fcchele, the ActiFE Study Group."}
+{"text": "Enrique F. Maldonado should be listed as the second author, and his affiliation is 1: Clinical Neuropsychology Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Malaga, Andalucia Tech, Malaga, Spain. The contributions of this author are as follows: Conceptualization, data curation, investigation, methodology.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209475The correct citation is: Rosel JF, Maldonado EF, Jara P, Machancoses FH, Pallar\u00e9s J, Torrente P, et al. (2019) Intensive longitudinal modelling predicts diurnal activity of salivary alpha-amylase. PLoS ONE 14(1): e0209475."}
+{"text": "Following publication of the original article , the cor1*, Yu R2*, Xiong Y3*, Du F4, Zhu S5.Chen Z1Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.2Department of Endocrinology, Second Affliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.3Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affliated Hospital, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.4Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affliated Hospital, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China. 296978043@qq.com.5Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affliated Hospital, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China. 478675878@qq.com.*Equal contributors.Address correspondence toShuiShan Zhu, Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affliated Hospital, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, China. E-mail: 478675878@qq.comFangteng Du, Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affliated Hospital, Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, China. E-mail: 296978043@qq.com"}
+{"text": "AbstractMicrochiritahairulii Rafidah (Gesneriaceae) from limestone hills in Perlis, Peninsular Malaysia, is described and illustrated. Diagnostic characters, description, detailed illustrations, geographical distribution, regional provisional conservation status assessment (Endangered) and ecological observations of the new taxon, as well as an updated key to Microchirita species in Peninsular Malaysia, are provided.A new species,  Microchirita (C.B.Clarke) Yin Z.Wang comprises six species  with three endemics, M.caliginosa (C.B.Clarke) Yin Z.Wang, M.ruthiae Rafidah and M.sericea (Ridl.) A.Weber & Rafidah  and seed characters .Peninsular Malaysia, Perlis, Bukit Manik, 9 February 2017, Microchiritahairulii most closely resembles M.caliginosa and M.sericea in having a branched stem, pale purple corolla and hairy capsule. This new species differs in having ovate leaves , serrate leaf margin , 5\u201310 mm long corolla tube , glabrous anthers  and the seed without papillate surfaces .Microchiritahairulii is distinct from M.viola in the length of calyx lobes, 3\u20134 mm long, narrowly lanceolate , corolla lobes very faintly striped or plain (conspicuous dark purple stripes in M.viola), having glandular hairs above the anthers, translucent pale brown Stems pale green or maroon green (in life), erect or sub-erect, if with a single leaf the stem elongated, flowering at c. 10 cm tall, shortly hairy, internodes 3.5\u20136.5 cm long. Leaves opposite, decussate, lowermost solitary; petiole pale green, 0.5\u20131.5 cm long, densely and shortly hairy; lamina ovate, 3.5\u20135.5(\u20139) \u00d7 2\u20132.5(\u20136.2) cm, yellowish green to dark green above, pale green to maroon beneath, thinly leathery (when fresh) or chartaceous (when dried), shortly hairy, base slightly cordate to cuneate, sometimes unequal, margin serrate, apex acute; midrib sunken above, prominent beneath, lateral veins 5\u20136 pairs, sparsely hairy, intercostal veins reticulate. Inflorescence epiphyllous, crested, 1\u20134-flowered, flowering from petiole base; bracts absent; pedicels green to maroon, to c. 1.2 cm long, glandular hairy. Flowers: calyx pale green, lobes almost divided to the base, 3\u20134 \u00d7 1\u20132 mm, acute, narrowly lanceolate, hairy outside, glabrous inside, margin entire; corolla tube very sparsely hairy outside, cream, 5\u201310 mm long, slightly curved, to c. 10 mm wide at the mouth, lobes very faintly striped, spreading, purple, throat cream, glandular hairs above the anthers, translucent pale brown, glistening; stamens 2, filaments whitish, inserted 6\u20138 mm from the base of the corolla, c. 4 mm long, straight, glabrous; anthers yellow, free or connate, without hairs, anther-thecae divergent, 1\u20132 mm long, staminodes 3, pale green, inserted c. 6 mm from the base of the corolla tube, 1.5\u20132 mm long; nectary pale yellow or cream, forming a complete ring, less than 1 mm high; pistil pale green, c. 1 cm long, ovary 2\u20134 mm long, c. 1.5 mm wide at the base narrowing to 0.5 mm below the stigma, shortly hairy, style c. 4 mm long, stigma deeply 2-lobed, c. 1 mm long, c. 2 mm wide, inserted between the anthers, with fine dense papillose hairs towards the tip; ovules cream, less than 1 mm long. Capsules green to maroon, 1.5\u20131.8 cm long, c. 2 mm wide, slender, densely hairy; calyx persistent, pale green or sometimes maroon, hairy. Seeds yellowish cream, many in one row, broadly ovate or elliptic, slightly elongated or rounded, surface without knobs or papillae.Branched herb. The specific epithet honours Mohd. Hairul bin Mohd. Amin, a dedicated field collector who collected the species in the field.Endemic in Perlis, Peninsular Malaysia Fig. . The speProvisionally, the species is assessed as Endangered (EN B1ab(iii)). This endemic species occurs in five localities on the limestone hills. None of the hills lies in Totally Protected Areas, so the hills are potentially vulnerable to be exploited for other commercial uses . Most of the hills are surrounded by paddy fields, rubber plantations and quarrying activities.Microchiritahairulii - PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: Perlis. Bkt. Jernih, February 2017, Rafidah et al. FRI 86671 (KEP); Bkt. Keteri, November 2013, Rafidah FRI 75880 (KEP); Bkt. Mata Ayer, February 2018, Rafidah et al. FRI 90347 (KEP); Kg. Ujong Bukit, May 2017, Rafidah et al. FRI 85902 (KEP).Microchiritacaliginosa - PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: Kedah: Kodiang, Bkt. Kaplu, 6 November 2009, Rafidah FRI 64417 (KEP); Ibid., 27 May 2010, Rafidah FRI 64545 (KEP). Pahang: Bkt. Charas, 15 October 1931, Henderson 25233 (SING); Ibid., 26 November 1984, Kiew RK 1557 (KEP); Ibid., 1 April 2008, Rafidah FRI 55717 (KEP); Bkt. Chintamani, 4 October 1931, Henderson SFN 25033 ; Gn. Jebak Puyuh, 10 February 1986, Kiew RK 2158 (KEP); Ibid., 10 February 1986, Kiew RK s.n. (KEP); Gn. Senyum, 30 July 1929, Henderson s.n. (SING); Ibid., 28 November 1984, Kiew RK 1587 (KEP); Ibid., 2 April 2008, Rafidah FRI 55721 (KEP); Gua Bama, 3 April 2008, Rafidah FRI 55726 (KEP); Gua Cermin R.F., 31 March 2008, Rafidah FRI 55713 (KEP); Ibid., 31 March 2008, Rafidah FRI 55714 (KEP); Gua Kechil, 30 July 2009, Rafidah FRI 64379 (KEP); Kota Glanggi, 4 August 1929, Henderson SFN 22419 (SING); Ibid., 2 April 2008, Rafidah FRI 55724 (KEP); Panching, 26 November 1984, Kiew RK 1571 (KEP); Panching F.R., 15 October 1931, Henderson SFN 25223 (SING); Taman Negara, Batu Subuh, 5 October 1984, Dawn RK 1470 (KEP); Taman Negara, Kuala Keniyam, 29 September 1982, Kiew RK 1202 (KEP). Perak: Batu Kurau, December 1884, Scortechini 1582 (SING); Ipoh, 17 July 1917, Burkill 2558 (SING); Ibid., s.d., Gordon GS 435 (KLU); Ibid., February 1904, Ridley s.n. (SING); Gopeng, 8 March1993, Davison GD 4 (KEP); Gn. Lanno, 16 April 1925, Mills 15061 (SING); Gn. Mesah, 20 April 1962, Burtt B1665 (SING); Ibid., May 1902, Curtis s.n. (SING); Gn. Pipit, 23 April 1987, Kiew RK 2524 (KEP); Gn. Rapat, 21 July 2009, Rafidah FRI 64347 (KEP); Ibid., 9 March 1931, Samsuri SA 560 ; Kinta, August 1898, Curtis 3109 (SING); Ibid., January 1885, King\u2019s collector 7028 (SING); Ibid., 1885, King\u2019s collector 937 (SING); Kuala Dipang F.R., February 1890, Curtis 2359 (SING); Ibid., 1898, Ridley s.n. (SING); Lenggong, Gua Badak, 28 October 2008, Imin FRI 63212 (KEP); Ibid., July 1909, Ridley s.n. (SING); Sg. Siput, 21 May 1985, Anthonysamy SA 842 (KEP); Sg. Siput Utara, 7 January 2015, Rafidah FRI 82007 (KEP). Selangor: Batu Caves, 18 October 1983, Anthonysamy SA 379 (KEP); Ibid., 19 November 1916, Burkill 2253 (SING); Ibid., s.d., Chung 331 (KLU), s.d., Chung 390 (KLU); Ibid., February 1890, Curtis 2359 (SING); Ibid., May 1902, Curtis s.n. (SING); Ibid., s.d., Ding Hou 715 (KEP); Ibid., 23 January 1966, Hardial 477 (SING); Ibid., 1889, Kelsall s.n. (SING); Ibid., 1 May 1981, Kiew RK 1023 (KEP); Ibid., Mohd. Kasim 391 (KLU); Ibid., 14 October 1966, Ng FRI 1629 ; Ibid., 23 June 1889, Ridley s.n. (SING); Ibid., 4 November 1953, Sinclair SFN 40066 ; Ibid., 29 November 1959, Smith KEP 85205 (KEP); Ibid., s.d., Yap SK 26 (KLU); Bkt. Anak Takun, 27 April 2006, Phoon FRI 51570 ; Ibid., 3 May 2005, Sam FRI 50118 (KEP); Kanching F.R., 10 July 1995, Julia JS 26 (KEP); Bkt. Takun, 3 November 1937, Mohd. Nur 34389 (SING); Ibid., 9 March 1988, Saw FRI 36215 (SING); Ibid., 20 November 1962, Sinclair 10732 (SING); Ibid., November 1969, Stone 8934 (KLU); Ibid., 21 September 1969, Stone 8794 (SING); Ibid., 24 June 1933, Symington FMS 30796 (KEP); Ibid., 8 May 1935, Symington 39598 (KEP); Kanching, 16 March 1935, Symington FMS 37431 (KEP). Terengganu: Taman Negara, Batu Biwa, 25 October 1986, Kiew RK 2339 ; Ibid., 22 October 1986, Kiew RK 2284 (SING).Microchiritasericea - PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: Kedah: Gn. Baling, 25 November 1941, Corner s.n. (SING). Perak: Gn. Rapat, 21 July 2009, Rafidah FRI 64347 (KEP); Ibid., 26 May 2010, Rafidah FRI 64544 (KEP); Gn. Tasek, Perak Tong Temple, 21 July 2009, Rafidah FRI 64348 (KEP); Ibid., 23 October 1958, Sinclair 9844 (SING); Ipoh, 4 July 1917, Burkill 2552 (SING); Ibid., August 1898, Corner s.n. (KEP); Ibid., February 1904, Ridley 11952 (SING); Ibid., February 1904, Ridley s.n. (KEP); Ibid., 18 August 1986, Weber UPM 4167 (KEP); Ibid.,18 August 1986, Weber s.n. (KEP); Kuala Dipang F.R., 1898, Ridley s.n. (SING); Tambun, 10 September 1920, Burkill 6284 (SING); Sg. Siput Utara, 29 January 2015, Rafidah FRI 82017 (KEP).Microchiritaviola - PENINSULAR MALAYSIA:Kedah: Gn. Keriang, February 1890, Allen s.n. (SING); Langkawi, 20 November 1941, Corner s.n. (SING); Langkawi, Ayer Hangat, Chung 505 (KLU); Langkawi, Bkt. Malut F.R., 4 November 1968, Keng 80 (SING); Langkawi, Batu Puteh, August 1941, Nauen 38120 (SING); Langkawi, Kuah, 8 November 1968, Chung RC 7 (KEP); Ibid., 5 November 2009, Rafidah FRI 64407 (KEP); Ibid., 1979, Stone 14349 (KLU); Langkawi, P. Langgun, 4 November 2009, Rafidah FRI 64398 (KEP); Langkawi, P. Timun, 1926, Holttum 17433 (SING); Langkawi, Selat Panchor F.R., 19 November 1941, Corner 37832 (SING); Ibid., 21 November 1934, Henderson SFN 28931 (SING); Ibid., November 1934, Henderson SFN 29185 (SING); Ibid., 3 November 2009, Rafidah FRI 64388 (KEP); Langkawi, Tg. Rhu, 21 November 1993, Anthonysamy SA 1144 ; Langkawi, Tg. Sawah, 22 November 1941, Corner s.n. (SING); Langkawi, Tg. Terai, 13 November 1941, Corner s.n. (SING)."}
+{"text": "Manuscript: Ursodeoxycholic acid in the prevention of gallstones in patients subjected to Roux-en-Y gastric bypassPublication: Acta Cir Bras. 2019;34(1): e20190010000009DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020190010000009On Title Page of the original publication, instead of:I, Heladio Feitosa de Castro FilhoII, Rodrigo Feitosa de Albuquerque Lima BabadopulosIII, Hermano Alexandre Lima RochaIV, Jos\u00e9 Lima de Carvalho RochaV, Manoel Odorico de Moraes FilhoVIFrancisco Heine Ferreira MachadoIPhD, Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1 (UFC), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Intellectual, conception and design of the study, critical revision, final approval. IIMD, Department of Surgery, UFC, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data, final approval.IIIMD, Hospital Geral Dr C\u00e9sar Cals de Oliveira, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data, final approval.IVPhD, Community Health Department, UFC, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data, final approval.VPhD, UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data.VIPhD, Full Professor, Department of Farmacology, UFC, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Manuscript writing, critical revision, final approval.Consider this:I, Heladio Feitosa de Castro FilhoII, Rodrigo Feitosa de Albuquerque Lima BabadopulosIII, Hermano Alexandre Lima RochaIV, Maria da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Cavalcante CostaV, Jos\u00e9 Lima de Carvalho RochaVI, Manoel Odorico de Moraes FilhoVIIFrancisco Heine Ferreira MachadoIPhD, Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1 (UFC), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Intellectual, conception and design of the study, critical revision, final approval. IIMD, Department of Surgery, UFC, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data, final approval.IIIMD, Hospital Geral Dr C\u00e9sar Cals de Oliveira, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data, final approval.IVPhD, Community Health Department, UFC, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data, final approval.VMaster, Servi\u00e7o de Atendimento M\u00f3vel de Urg\u00eancia (SAMU), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data.VIPhD, UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data.VIIPhD, Full Professor, Department of Farmacology, UFC, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Manuscript writing, critical revision, final approval."}
+{"text": "Following publication of the original article , we wereThe TBI collaborative group: Long K , Rodrigues A , Lozano A , Saxby E , Vargiolu A , Quintard H , Robba C , Sisson A , Allen G , Baro N , Kofler M ."}
+{"text": "In Iran, more than 2-3 million people are thalassemia major carrier which from them 25000 people are suffering from the disease , 2. ThisIn this descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted in 2016, the development of minimum datasets was done by extracting data from hospital medical records based on the D55\u2013D59 category of International Classification of Diseases 10th revision (ICD-10). Then, the final questionnaire designed according to the checklist provided by American health information management Association (AHIMA) to develop the minimum data set for EHR in 2006. Finally, by using the Delphi method, the final questionnaire by available sampling sent to 12 specialists including health information management specialists, genetics specialist, hematologists, and general practitioners, so that their views would be collected on the questionnaire. As a result of the Delphi study, data elements at 11 categories were determined.Administrative Data including patient full name, father\u2019s full name, mother\u2019s full name, identifier number, sex, religion, birth date, marital status, education level, occupation, ethnic groups, occupation, place of work, address, blood group, RH Type, Consent, brought or referred by, patient education, comorbidity, and authenticator/signature were determined.Encounter data consist of primary diagnosis, final diagnosis, date/time of admission, kind of admission, admitting physician, admitted from, body mass index, history of hospitalization, the number of hospitalization, length of stay, transfusion information, ward name, date/time of discharge, death data, and authentication/signature after Delphi technique were taken into account.Treatment Plan Data contain Inpatient order, Blood reserve order, Blood transfusion order, consultations orders, lab-tests orders, radiography orders, medications orders, dietary type, order for the following, discharge order, transfer order, time/date of the order, Chelation therapy, surgery order, and authentication/signature.Provider data including provider full name, specialty, provider address, provider telephone, provider role, unique provider identifiers, and authenticator/signature were considered.Examination data were following as; date/time of transfusion, Interval between transfusion, volume of transfused blood, warm blood, transfuse products, patient blood culture, bag culture, complication after transfusion, requested blood volume, iron overload, resistant to hepatitis c, non-resistant to hepatitis c, Desferal pomp type, vital signs before transfusion, vital signs in transfusion, vital signs after transfusion, pre-operative examination, examination during operation, examination post-operative, injectable drugs and solutions during transfusion, adverse reaction to blood transfusion, Desferal side effects, history of unexpected antibody in serum and authentication/signature.History data were detailed as presenting symptom, past disease history, history of blood transfusion reaction, current drug therapy & other addictions, drug or food allergy, family history and authentication/signature.Diagnostic test data contain laboratory test, radiology and radiography report, genetic test, pathology test and authenticator/signature.Event data were considered as the reason for the visit, chief complaint, patient visit information, clinical progress note, and authenticator/signature.Insurance data including authenticator/signature, type of insurance, insurance ID, accident insurance, the total cost of operations, therapies, surgeon, specimen, drugs and special care for insurance data were considered.Follow-up data consists of date/time of follow-up, follow-up visit data, Iron load, chelation associated follow-up, liver function, cardiac function, endocrine function, bone complication, infections, dentition, rehabilitation and Signature/authenticator. Blood product concludes blood type, unit, number, blood group and RH of requested product, blood pack serial number, expired date, and authenticate.This minimum data set is not only applicable in Iran, but it has potential to use in the national and international level. All of the above mentioned will reduce the cost of thalassemia patients. Strategic plan for development infrastructures, standards, and communication tools for integrating such subsystems to electronic health record system (EHRS) is necessary for future research."}
+{"text": "The author contributions for Manyando Simbotwe are incomplete. The correct, complete contributions for Manayando Simbotwe are: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing: original draft, and Writing: review & editing."}
+{"text": "Regarding the article \u201cJacobson and Truax Method: evaluation of the clinicaleffectiveness of a home care program after prostatectomy\u201d, with DOI number:1518-8345.2249.3003, published in Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, 2018;26:e3003, page 1:Where was written:\u201cEnfermagem Fundamental, Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3oPreto, SP, Brazil.\u201dNow Read:\u201cEscola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, PAHO/WHOCollaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil.\u201dRegarding the article \u201cCoping strategies of people living with AIDS in face of thedisease\u201d, with DOI number: 1518-8345.2284.2985, published in Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem,2018;26:e2985, page 1:Where was written:3 PhD, RN, Servi\u00e7o de Atendimento M\u00f3vel de Urg\u00eancia, Prefeitura Municipal deTimon, Timon, MA, Brazil. Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, UniversidadeFederal de Sergipe, Lagarto, SE, Brazil.\u201c4 MSc, Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do RioGrande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.5 Doctoral Student, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN,Brazil.6 Doctoral Student, Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Enfermagem, UniversidadeFederal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil. RN, Maternidade Professor LeideMorais, Natal, RN, Brazil. Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federaldo Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.\u201dNow Read:3 PhD, Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal deSergipe, Lagarto, SE, Brazil.\u201c4 MSc, Substitute Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federaldo Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.5 Doctoral Student, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do RioGrande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil. Substitute Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.6 Doctoral Student, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do RioGrande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil. RN, Maternidade Professor Leide Morais, Natal, RN,Brazil.\u201d"}
+{"text": "Antibodies would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.The editors of https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next MDPI publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (Antibodies, see the link at the bottom of the webpage http://www.mdpi.com/reviewers.If you are interested in becoming a reviewer for Antibodies in 2016:Amengual, OlgaMuyldermans, SergeAndersen, Jan TerjeNayak, Tapan K.Aramaki, YukihikoNugent, KennethBallmer-Hofer, KurtPengo, VittorioBas, de LaatPierce, Grant N.Bizzarri, CarlaPons-Estel, GuillermoCarpentier, R.Reverter, Joan CarlesCassetta, LucaRouet, RomainChauhan, ArunRowley, Merrill J.Chu, Seung Y.Santambrogio, PaoloCorreia, Jo\u00e3o D.g.Schlothauer, TilmanCunningham, Madeleine W.Schrum, Adam G.Di Simone, NicolettaSciascia, SavinoDietrich, UrsulaSerrano, AntonioFavaloro, Emmanuel J.Singh, Satish K.Gummuluru, SuryaramSorice, MaurizioHaynes, Lia M.Steyaert, JanIgawa, TomoyukiTanha, JamshidIzquierdo-Useros, NuriaTaylor, KathrynKelchtermans, HildeTrainer, VeraKisand, K.Trouw, Leendert A.Klasse, Per JohanVan Bergen En Henegouwen, Paul M.P.Knight, Jason S.Van Steenbergen, H. W.Knight, VijayaWillis, Rohan G.Komiyama, TadazumiWozniak-Knopp, GordanaLim, MingXia, HongyanLockshin, Michael D.Zhu, ZhiqiangMitchell, JohnThe following reviewed for"}
+{"text": "Antibodies would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2015. The editors of We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal\u2019s editorial decision-making process. Several steps have been taken in 2015 to thank and acknowledge reviewers. Good, timely reviews are rewarded with a discount off their next MDPI publication. By creating an account on the submission system, reviewers can access details of their past reviews, see the comments of other reviewers, and download a letter of acknowledgement for their records. In addition, MDPI has launched a collaboration with Publons, a website that seeks to publicly acknowledge reviewers on a per journal basis. This is all done, of course, within the constraints of reviewer confidentiality. Feedback from reviewers shows that most see their task as a voluntary and mostly unseen work in service to the scientific community. We are grateful to our reviewers for the contribution they make.Agadjanyan, MichaelKisand, KaiRakonjac, Jasna \u00c1lvarez-Vallina, LuisKiss, Margaret M.Robinson, MatthewArakawa, TsutomuKnight, Elysse M.Rosenberg, Jacob M.Barelle, CarolineKok, Robbert J.Rouet, RomainBerrih-Aknin, SoniaKristensen, PeterRyba-Stanis\u0142awowska, MonikaBethea, John R.Laborda, JorgeSarafanov, Andrey G.Capito, FlorianLannfelt, LarsSawant, DeepaliChevalier, NinaLeusen, JeanetteSchwab, KarenChu, Seung Y.Liu, JeanSchwimmer, Lauren Chudasama, VijayLood, ChristianShoenfeld, YehudaCorreia, Jo\u00e3o D.g.Morbidelli, MassimoSiegrist, Claire-AnneDe Simoni, MGMoricoli, DiegoSimons, MikaelDeFranco, Anthony L.Moutsopoulos, HaralamposStorkus, WalterDiCara, DanielleMulero, VictorStreltsov, Victor A.Dimitrov, DimiterMuyldermans, SergeTansey, Mal\u00fa G.Drabek, DubravkaNagele, Robertten Brinke, Anja Dumontet, CharlesNallaparaju, KalyanThomas, Helen E.Dumoulin, MireilleNickerson, KevinUrowitz, Murray B.Epstein, Alan L.Niess, Jan Hendrikvan Bergen en Henegouwen, P.Ghiggeri, Gian MarcoNocentini, GiuseppeVan Blarcom, ThomasGoldmana, Ellen R.Panza, FrancescoVilanova, ManuelHendriks, Rudi W.Parodis, IoannisVissink, ArjanHonda, ShinyaPaul, St\u00e9phaneWilliams, Sarah K.Igdoura, Suleiman A.Polito, LetiziaXu, JinJensen, Charlotte H.Quadros, Edward V.Zalutsky, Michael R.Jeong, Ki JunRabuka, David"}
+{"text": "Following publication of the original article , the autThe correct names are: Sara Castiglia, Aloe Adamini, Deborah Rustichelli, Laura Castello, Katia Mareschi, Giuseppe Pinnetta, Marco Leone, Alessandra Mandese, Ivana Ferrero, Giulia Mesiano and Franca Fagioli."}
+{"text": "Due to an oversight Marina Campos Rocha was not included as an author in the published article. The corrected Author Contributions Statement appears below:FS conceived the study. JS and FS designed the experiments and wrote the manuscript. JS, LB, VC, LG-E, AO, WD, MR, KM, and IM performed the experiments. JS, LB, VC, LG-E, AO, WD, KM, IM, and FS interpreted the results and analyzed the data. LB, VC, LG-E, AO, WD, KM, IM, DAS, FF, DGS, MT, and FS contributed reagents, materials, and analysis tools. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-019-51100-4, published online 22 October 2019Correction to: The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Stefano Pirr\u00f2, Ivana Matic, Arianna Guidi, Letizia Zanella, Angelo Gismondi, Rosella Cicconi, Roberta Bernardini, Vittorio Colizzi, Antonella Canini, Maurizio Mattei & Andrea Galgani which were incorrectly given as Pirr\u00f2 Stefano, Matic Ivana, Guidi Arianna, Zanella Letizia, Gismondi Angelo, Cicconi Rosella, Bernardini Roberta, Colizzi Vittorio, Canini Antonella, Mattei Maurizio & Galgani Andrea respectively.These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article."}
+{"text": "Keywords: Common mental disorders, lay counselling, Nepal, randomized controlled trial, task shifting, addendumThe authors of Markkula, et al , would l"}
+{"text": "Cristina Tassorelli, Silvano Cristina, and Giorgio Sandrini:Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, ItalyArmando Perrotta and Francesco PierelliIRCSS fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Rome, ItalyIn Alvisi et al. , the pre"}
+{"text": "Staphylococcus sciuri strain B9-58B, isolated from retail pork. This strain contains a 2,761,440-bp chromosome and a 162,858-bp megaplasmid. The genome contains putative genes involved in virulence, the stress response, and antimicrobial agent and heavy metal resistance.Here, we report the genome sequence of the megaplasmid-bearing  Staphylococcus sciuri strain B9-58B, isolated from retail pork. This strain contains a 2,761,440-bp chromosome and a 162,858-bp megaplasmid. The genome contains putative genes involved in virulence, the stress response, and antimicrobial agent and heavy metal resistance.Here, we report the genome sequence of the megaplasmid-bearing  Staphylococcus spp. are major foodborne pathogens that cause food poisoning through the production of enterotoxins .Here, we announce the draft genome sequence of  Sa442-2 . This is Sa442-2 . This is Sa442-2  for de nS. sciuri B9-58B contained a single chromosome and a megaplasmid, which were 2,761,440 and 162,858\u2009bp, respectively, with GC contents of 32.66% and 31.13%. While it was possible to close the chromosome, the plasmid remained unclosed, with 39 contigs. The B9-58B genome was annotated using the RAST tool kit. The chromosome contained 2,712 protein-coding sequences, 62 tRNA genes, and 16 rRNA genes, while the megaplasmid had 218 coding sequences. Multiple stress response genes, including osmotic, oxidative, heat/cold shock, and periplasmic stress-related genes, in addition to detoxification and carbon starvation genes, were chromosomally located. This strain contained genes conferring resistance to a variety of antibiotics and heavy metals, such as bacitracin, fluoroquinolones, copper, cobalt-zinc-cadmium, and mercury. Interestingly, the chromosome contained a Mycobacterium virulence operon that is involved in protein synthesis and facilitates invasion and intracellular resistance. The megaplasmid contained genes conferring resistance to cobalt, zinc, copper, cadmium, fosfomycin, and chromium.The genome of PRJNA555628. The whole-genome shotgun sequences for Staphylococcus sciuri strain B9-58B have been deposited in GenBank under accession number CP041879 for the chromosome and accession numbers CP041880, CP041881, CP041882, CP041883, CP041884, CP041885, CP041886, CP041887, CP041888, CP041889, CP041890, CP041891, CP041892, CP041893, CP041894, CP041895, CP041896, CP041897, CP041898, CP041899, CP041900, CP041901, CP041902, CP041903, CP041904, CP041905, CP041906, CP041907, CP041908, CP041909, CP041910, CP041911, CP041912, CP041913, CP041914, CP041915, CP041916, CP041917, and CP041918 for the plasmid.The raw sequence reads have been deposited in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) under accession number"}
+{"text": "Author Contributions statement appears below.\u201cPatricia Sampaio Tavares Veras\u201d was not included as an author in the published article. The corrected \u201cConceived and designed the experiments: MA, CT, and CB. Performed the experiments: MA, JC, VA, LdS, MB, MS, and CT. Analysed the data: MA, BA, LF, PV, SK, and CB. Contributed reagents, materials, analysis tools: JV, LF, LG-S, MSS, DMF, BA, CB, and PB. Wrote the paper: MA, PV, CB, and BA.\u201dThe authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}
+{"text": "The third author\u2019s contributions are incorrect. Madhu Mati Goel\u2019s correct contributions are: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing\u2013review & editing."}
+{"text": "Burbelo\u201d was not included as an author in the published article. The corrected Author Contributions Statement appears below.\u201cAL, IS, and VR designed research and wrote the paper. AL, C-SW, PY, JN, ER, HM, MS, BL, JS, SR, CV, AR, IM, AP-D, and PB performed research and analyzed data. AL, SP, MA, MM, DP, VR, and IS provided clinical care to enrolled patients\u201d.The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated."}